Title 36—Parks, Forests, and Public Property--Volume 1
PART 7—SPECIAL REGULATIONS, AREAS OF THE NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM
§ 7.1   [Reserved]
§ 7.2   Crater Lake National Park.
(a) Fishing. Fishing in Crater Lake and park streams is permitted from May 20 through October 31.
(b) Boating. No private vessel or motor may be used on the waters of the park.
(c) Snowmobiles. Snowmobile use is permitted in Crater Lake National Park on the North Entrance Road from its intersection with the Rim Drive to the park boundary, and on intermittent routes detouring from the North Entrance Road as designated by the Superintendent and marked with snow poles and signs. Except for such designated detours marked with snow poles and signs, only that portion of the North Entrance Road intended for wheeled vehicle use may be used by snowmobiles. Such roadway is available for snowmobile use only when the designated roadway is closed to all wheeled vehicles used by the public.
§ 7.3   Glacier National Park.
(a) Fishing. (1) Fishing regulations, based on management objectives described in the park's Resource Management Plan, are established annually by the Superintendent.
(2) The Superintendent may impose closures and establish conditions or restrictions, in accordance with the criteria and procedures of §§ 1.5 and 1.7 of this chapter, or any activity pertaining to fishing, including but not limited to, species of fish that may be taken, seasons and hours during which fishing may take place, methods of taking, size, location, and possession limits.
(3) Fishing in violation of a condition or restriction established by the Superintendent is prohibited.
(b) Eating, drinking, and lodging establishments. (1) No eating, drinking, or lodging establishment offering food, drink, or lodging for sale may be operated on any privately owned lands within Glacier National Park unless a permit for the operation thereof has first been obtained from the Superintendent.
(2) The Superintendent will issue a permit only after an inspection of the premises and a determination that the premises comply with the substantive requirements of State and county health and sanitary laws and ordinances and rules and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto which would apply to the premises if the privately owned lands were not subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
(3) No fee will be charged for the issuance of such a permit.
(4) The Superintendent or his duly authorized representative shall have the right of inspection at all reasonable times for the purpose of ascertaining that the premises are being maintained and operated in compliance with State and county health laws and ordinances and rules and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto.
(5) Failure of the permittee to comply with all State and county substantive laws and ordinances, and rules and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto applicable to the establishment for which a permit is issued, or failure to comply with any Federal law or any regulation promulgated by the Secretary of the Interior for governing the park, or with the conditions imposed by the permit, will be grounds for revocation of the permit.
(6) The applicant or permittee may appeal to the Regional Director, National Park Service, from any final action of the Superintendent, refusing, conditioning, or revoking a permit. Such an appeal, in writing, shall be filed within 30 days after receipt of notice by the applicant or permittee of the action appealed from. Any final decision of the Regional Director may be appealed to the Director, National Park Service, within 30 days after receipt of notice by the applicant or permittee of the Regional Director's decision. During the period in which an appeal is being considered by the Regional Director or the Director, the establishment for which a permit has been denied or revoked shall not be operated.
(7) The revocable permit for eating, drinking, and lodging establishments issued by the Superintendent shall contain general regulatory provisions as hereinafter set forth, and will include such reasonable special conditions relating to the health and safety of visitors both to the park and to the establishments as the Superintendent may deem necessary to cover existing local circumstances, and shall be in a form substantially as follows:
Permission is hereby granted ____________, who resides at ____________, to operate during the period of ____________, 19____, to ________________, 19____, inclusive a __________________________ (specify type of establishment) within Glacier National Park on lands privately owned or controlled by him (her) over which the United States exercises exclusive jurisdiction. This permit is subject to the general provisions and any special conditions stated on the reverse hereof.
Issued at Glacier National Park, Mont., this ____________ day of ________________, 19____.
I, ________________________, the permittee named herein, accept this permit subject to the terms, convenants, obligations, and reservations expressed or implied.
Witness:
1. Permittee shall exercise this privilege subject to the supervision of the Superintendent of the Park and shall comply with the regulations of the Secretary of the Interior governing the Park.
2. Any building or structure used for the purpose of conducting the business herein permitted shall be kept in a safe, and sightly condition.
3. The permittee shall dispose of all refuse from the business herein permitted as required by the Superintendent.
4. Permittee, his agents, and employees shall be responsible for the preservation of good order within the vicinity of the business operations herein permitted.
5. Failure of the permittee to comply with all State and county substantive laws and ordinances and rules and regulations promulgated pursuant thereto applicable to eating, drinking, and lodging establishments or to comply with any law or any regulation of the Secretary of the Interior governing the Park or with the conditions imposed by this permit, will be grounds for revocation of this permit.
6. This permit may not be transferred or assigned without the consent, in writing of the Superintendent.
7. Neither Members of, nor Delegates to Congress, or Resident Commissioners, officers, agents, or employees of the Department of the Interior, shall be admitted to any share or part of this permit or derive, directly or indirectly, any pecuniary benefit arising therefrom.
8. Standard Equal Employment Provision to be set out in full as provided for by Executive Orders 10925 and 11114.
9. The following special provisions are made a part of this permit: __________________
(c) Water supply and sewage disposal systems. The provisions of this paragraph apply to the privately owned lands within Glacier National Park. The provisions of this paragraph do not excuse compliance by eating, drinking, or lodging establishments with § 5.10 of the chapter.
(1) Facilities. (i) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (e)(3) of this section, no person shall occupy any building or structure intended for human habitation, or use, unless such building is served by water supply and sewage disposal systems that comply with the standards prescribed by State and county laws and regulations applicable in the county within whose exterior boundaries such building is located.
(ii) No person shall construct, rebuild or alter any water supply or sewage disposal system without a written permit issued by the Superintendent. The Superintendent will issue such permit only after receipt of written notification from the appropriate Federal, State, or county officer that the plans for such system comply with State or county standards. There shall be no charge for such permits. Any person aggrieved by an action of the Superintendent with respect to any such permit or permit application may appeal in writing to the Director, National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, DC 20240.
(2) Inspections. (i) The appropriate State or county health officer, the Superintendent, or their authorized representatives or an officer of the U.S. Public Health Service, may inspect any water supply or sewage disposal system, from time to time, in order to determine whether such system complies with the State and county standards: Provided, however, That inspection shall be made only upon consent of the occupant of the premises or pursuant to a warrant.
(ii) Any water supply or sewage disposal system may be inspected without the consent of the occupant of the premises or a warrant if there is probable cause to believe that such system presents an immediate and severe danger to the public health.
(3) Defective systems. (i) If upon inspection, any water supply system or sewage disposal system is found by the inspecting officer not to be in conformance with applicable State and county standards, the Superintendent will send to the ostensible owner and/or the occupant of such property, by certified mail, a written notice specifying what steps must be taken to achieve compliance. If after one year has elapsed from the mailing of such written notice the deficiency has not been corrected, such deficiency shall constitute a violation of this regulation and shall be the basis for court action for the vacation of the premises.
(ii) If upon inspection, any water supply or sewage disposal system is found by the inspecting officer not to be in conformance with established State and county standards and it is found further that there is immediate and severe danger to the public health or the health of the occupants, the Superintendent shall post appropriate notices at conspicuous places on such premises, and thereafter, no person shall occupy the premises on which the system is located until the Superintendent is satisfied that remedial measures have been taken that will assure compliance of the system with established State and county standards.
(d) Motorboats. (1) Motorboats and motor vessels are limited to ten (10) horsepower or less on Bowman and Two Medicine Lakes. This restriction does not apply to sightseeing vessels operated by an authorized concessioner on Two Medicine Lake.
(2) All motorboats and motor vessels except the authorized, concessioner-operated, sightseeing vessels are prohibited on Swiftcurrent Lake.
(3) The operation of all motorboats and motor vessels are prohibited on Kintla Lake.
(e) Canadian dollars. To promote the purpose of the Act of May 2, 1932 (47 Stat. 145; 16 U.S.C. 161a), Canadian dollars tendered by Canadian visitors entering the United States section of Glacier National Park will be accepted at the official rate of exchange in payment of the recreation fees prescribed for the park.
(f) Commercial passenger-carrying motor vehicles. The prohibition against the commercial transportation of passengers by motor vehicles to Glacier National Park, contained in § 5.4 of this chapter, shall be subject to the following exceptions:
(1) Commercial transport of passengers by motor vehicles on those portions of the park roads from Sherburne entrance to the Many Glacier area; from Two Medicine entrance to Two Medicine Lake; from West Glacier entrance to the Camas Entrance; U.S. Highway 2 from Walton to Java; and the Going-to-the-Sun Road from West Glacier entrance to Lake McDonald Lodge and from St. Mary entrance to Rising Sun will be permitted.
(2) Commercial passenger-carrying motor vehicles operated in the above areas, on a general, infrequent, and nonscheduled tour in which the visit to the park is incidental to such tour, and carrying only round-trip passengers traveling from the point of origin of the tour, will be accorded admission to the park. Such tours shall not provide, in effect, a regular and duplicating service conflicting with, or in competition with, the tours provided for the public pursuant to contract authorization from the Secretary as determined by the Superintendent.
§ 7.4   Grand Canyon National Park.
(a) Commercial passenger-carrying motor vehicles. The prohibition against the commercial transportation of passengers by motor vehicles to Grand Canyon National Park contained in § 5.4 of this chapter shall be subject to the following exception: Motor vehicles operated on a general, infrequent, and nonscheduled tour on which the visit to the park is an incident to such tour, carrying only round-trip passengers traveling from the point of origin of the tour, will be accorded admission to the park.
(b) Colorado whitewater boat trips. The following regulations shall apply to all persons using the waters of, or Federally owned land administered by the National Park Service, along the Colorado River within Grand Canyon National Park, upstream from Diamond Creek at approximately river mile 226:
(1) No person shall operate a vessel engaging in predominantly upstream travel or having a total horsepower in excess of 55.
(2) U.S. Coast Guard approved life preservers must be worn by every person while on the river or while lining or portaging near rough water. One extra preserver must be carried for each ten (10) persons.
(3) No person shall conduct, lead, or guide a river trip unless such person possesses a permit issued by the Superintendent, Grand Canyon National Park. The National Park Service reserves the right to limit the number of such permits issued, or the number of persons traveling on trips authorized by such permits when, in the opinion of the National Park Service, such limitations are necessary in the interest of public safety or protection of the ecological and environmental values of the area.
(i) The Superintendent shall issue a permit upon a determination that the person leading, guiding, or conducting a river trip is experienced in running rivers in white water navigation of similar difficulty, and possesses appropriate equipment, which is identified in the terms and conditions of the permit.
(ii) No person shall conduct, lead, guide, or outfit a commercial river trip without first securing the above permit and possessing an additional permit authorizing the conduct of a commercial or business activity in the park.
(iii) An operation is commercial if any fee, charge or other compensation is collected for conducting, leading, guiding, or outfitting a river trip. A river trip is not commercial if there is a bona fide sharing of actual expenses.
(4) All human waste will be taken out of the Canyon and deposited in established receptacles, or will be disposed of by such means as is determined by the Superintendent.
(5) No person shall take a dog, cat, or other pet on a river trip.
(6) The kindling of a fire is permitted only on beaches. The fire must be completely extinguished only with water before abandoning the area.
(7) Picnicking is permitted on beach areas along the Colorado River.
(8) Swimming and bathing are permitted except in locations immediately above rapids, eddies and riffles or near rough water.
(9) Possession of a permit to conduct, guide, outfit, or lead a river trip also authorizes camping along the Colorado River by persons in the river trip party, except on lands within the Hualapai Indian Reservation which are administered by the Hualapai Tribal Council; Provided, however, That no person shall camp at Red Wall Cavern, Elves Chasm, the mouth of Havasu Creek, or along the Colorado River bank between the mouth of the Paria River and the Navajo Bridge.
(10) All persons issued a river trip permit shall comply with all the terms and conditions of the permit.
(c) Immobilized and legally inoperative vehicles. (1) An immobilized vehicle is a motor vehicle which is not capable of moving under its own power due to equipment malfunction or deficiency. This term shall also include trailers whose wheels have been removed or which, for other reasons, cannot be immediately towed from their location, excluding trailers being used as residences which are occupying sites designated for this purpose by the Superintendent. A legally inoperative vehicle is a motor vehicle capable of movement under its own power, but not licensed to legally operate on roads.
(2) Leaving, storing, or placing upon federally owned lands within the park any immobilized or legally inoperative vehicle for a period exceeding 30 days is prohibited, except under the terms of a permit issued by the Superintendent.
(3) A revocable permit for an immobilized or legally inoperative vehicle may be issued without fee by the Superintendent for a specific period of time, upon a finding that the issuance of such a permit will not interfere with park management or impair park resources.
(i) Any permit issued will be valid for the period stated on the permit, unless otherwise revoked or terminated by the Superintendent, and will state the name and address of the owner, the description of the vehicle, and the exact location where it may be left, stored or placed.
(ii) The permittee will affix the permit securely and conspicuously to the vehicle.
(iii) The permit shall be nontransferable.
(iv) Any person issued a permit shall comply with all terms and conditions of the permit. Failure to do so will constitute cause for the Superintendent to terminate the permit at any time.
(v) A permit may be revoked at any time for the convenience of the National Park Service or upon a finding that continued authorization under the permit would interfere with park management or impair park resources.
(4) An immobilized or legally inoperative vehicle left in excess of 30 days without a permit will be removed at the owner's expense.
(5) An immobilized or legally inoperative vehicle constituting a safety hazard, causing an obstruction to roads or trails, or interfering with maintenance operations will be removed immediately at the owner's expense. Such interference or impairment may include, but shall not be limited to, the creation of a safety hazard, traffic congestion, visual pollution, or fuel and lubricant drip pollution.
(6) The Superintendent shall have the right of inspection at all reasonable times to ensure compliance with the requirements of this paragraph.
§ 7.5   Mount Rainier National Park.
(a) Fishing. (1) Fishing closures and restrictions are established by the Superintendent based on management objectives for the preservation of the park's natural resources.
(2) The Superintendent may establish closures and restrictions, in accordance with the criteria and procedures of § 1.5 of this chapter, on any activity pertaining to fishing, including, but not limited to species of fish that may be taken, seasons and hours during which fishing may take place, methods of taking, and size, creel, and possession limits.
(3) Except in emergency situations, the Superintendent will notify the public of any such closures or restrictions through one or more methods listed in § 1.7 of this chapter, including publication in the Superintendent's Compendium (or written compilation) of discretionary actions referred to § 1.7(b).
(4) Fishing in closed waters or violating a condition or restriction established by the Superintendent under this paragraph (a) is prohibited.
(b) Climbing and hiking. (1) Registration with the Superintendent is required prior to and upon return from any climbing or hiking on glaciers or above the normal high camps such as Camp Muir and Camp Schurman.
(2) A person under 18 years of age must have permission of his parent or legal guardian before climbing above the normal high camps.
(3) A party traveling above the high camps must consist of a minimum of two persons unless prior permission for a solo climb has been obtained from the Superintendent. The Superintendent will consider the following points when reviewing a request for a solo climb: The weather prediction for the estimated duration of the climb, and the likelihood of new snowfall, sleet, fog , or hail along the route, the feasibility of climbing the chosen route because of normal inherent hazards, current route conditions, adequacy of equipment and clothing, and qualifying experience necessary for the route contemplated.
(c) Backcountry Camping —(1) Backcountry camping permits required. No person or group of persons traveling together may camp in the backcountry without a valid backcountry camping permit. Permits may be issued to each permittee or to the leader of the group for a group of persons. The permit must be attached to the pack or camping equipment of each permittee in a clearly visible location. No person may camp in any location other than that designated in the permit for a given date.
(2) Group size limitations. Groups exceeding five persons must camp at a group site, but groups may not exceed twelve persons. The Superintendent may, however,
(i) Waive group size limitations on routes in the climbing zone when he determines that it will not result in environmental degradation; and
(ii) Establish special zones and group size limitations during the winter season to balance the impact of cross-country skiers, snowshoers, and snowmobilers on the resource.
(d) Snowmobile use —(1) Designated routes. (i) That portion of the West Side Road south of Round Pass.
(ii) The Mather Memorial Parkway (State Route 410) from its intersection with the White River Road north to the park boundary.
(iii) The White River Road from its intersection with the Mather Memorial Parkway to the White River Campground.
(iv) The Cougar Rock Campground road system.
(v) The Stevens Canyon Road from Stevens Canyon Entrance to the Stevens Canyon Road tunnel at Box Canyon.
§ 7.6   Muir Woods National Monument.
(a) Fires. Fires are prohibited within the monument.
(b) [Reserved]
(c) Fishing. Fishing is prohibited within the Monument.
§ 7.7   Rocky Mountain National Park.
(a) Fishing. (1) Fishing restrictions, based on management objectives described in the park's Resources Management Plan, are established annually by the Superintendent.
(2) The Superintendent may impose closures and establish conditions or restrictions, in accordance with the criteria and procedures of §§ 1.5 and 1.7 of this chapter, on any activity pertaining to fishing, including, but not limited to species of fish that may be taken, seasons and hours during which fishing may take place, methods of taking, size, creel, and possession limits.
(3) Fishing in closed waters or violating a condition or restriction established by the Superintendent is prohibited.
(b) Trucking Permits. (1) The Superintendent may issue a permit for trucking on a park road when the load carried originates and terminates within the counties of Larimer, Boulder, or Grand, Colorado.
(2) The fee charged for such trucking over Trail Ridge Road is the same as the single visit entrance fee for a private passenger vehicle. A trucking permit is valid for one round trip, provided such trip is made in one day, otherwise the permit is valid for a one-way trip only.
(3) The fees provided in this paragraph also apply to a special emergency trucking permit issued pursuant to § 5.6(b) of this chapter.
(c) Boats. (1) The operation of motorboats is prohibited on all waters of the park.
(2) All vessels are prohibited on Bear Lake.
(d) Dogs, cats, and other pets. In addition to the provisions of § 2.15 of this chapter, dogs, cats, and other pets on leash, crated, or otherwise under physical restraint are permitted in the park only within 100 feet of the edge of established roads or parking areas, and are permitted within established campgrounds and picnic areas; dogs, cats, and other pets are prohibited in the backcountry and on established trails.
(e)(1) On what route may I operate a snowmobile? Snowmobiles may be operated on the North Supply Access Trail solely for the purpose of gaining access between national forest lands on the west side of the park and the town of Grand Lake. Use of this trail for other purposes is not permitted. This trail will be marked by signs, snow poles or other appropriate means.
(2) When may I operate a snowmobile on the North Supply Access Trail? The Superintendent will determine the opening and closing dates for use of the North Supply Access Trail each year, taking into consideration the location of wintering wildlife, appropriate snow cover, and other factors that may relate to public safety. The Superintendent will notify the public of such dates through one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter. Temporary closure of this route will be initiated through the posting of appropriate signs and/or barriers.
(f) Bicycle use on the East Shore Trail. The Superintendent may designate all or portions of a 2-mile segment of the East Shore Trail, extending north from Shadow Mountain Dam to the park boundary, as open to bicycle use. A map showing portions of the East Shore Trail open to bicycle use will be available at park visitor centers and posted on the park website. The Superintendent will provide notice of all bicycle route designations in accordance with § 1.7 of this chapter. The Superintendent may limit, restrict, or impose conditions on bicycle use, or close any trail to bicycle use, or terminate such conditions, closures, limits, or restrictions in accordance with § 4.30 of this chapter.
§ 7.8   Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
(a) Dogs and cats. Dogs and cats are prohibited on any park land or trail except within one-fourth mile of developed areas which are accessible by a designated public automobile road.
(b) Fishing. (1) Fishing restrictions, based on management objectives described in the parks' Resources Management Plan, are established annually by the Superintendent.
(2) The Superintendent may impose closures and establish conditions or restrictions, in accordance with the criteria and procedures of §§ 1.5 and 1.7 of this chapter, on any activity pertaining to fishing including, but not limited to, species of fish that may be taken, seasons and hours during which fishing may take place, methods of taking, size, location and elevation, and possession limits.
(3) Soda Springs Creek drainage is closed to fishing.
(4) Fishing in closed waters or in violation of a condition or restriction established by the Superintendent is prohibited.
(c) Privately owned lands —(1) Water supply, sewage or disposal systems, and building construction or alterations. The provisions of this paragraph apply to the privately owned lands within Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.
(i) Facilities. ( a ) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this section, no person shall occupy any building or structure, intended for human habitation or use, unless such building complies with standards, prescribed by State and county laws and regulations applicable in the county within whose exterior boundaries such building is located, as to construction, water supply and sewage disposal systems.
( b ) No person shall construct, rebuild, or alter any building, water supply or sewage disposal system without the permission of the Superintendent. The Superintendent will give such permission only after receipt of written notification from the appropriate Federal, State, or county officer that the plans for such building or system comply with State or county standards. Any person aggrieved by an action of the Superintendent with respect to any such permit or permit application may appeal in writing to the Director, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240.
(ii) Inspections. ( a ) The appropriate State or county officer, the Superintendent, or their authorized representatives or an officer of the U.S. Public Health Service, may inspect any building, water supply, or sewage disposal system, from time to time, in order to determine whether the building, water supply, or sewage disposal system comply with the State and county standards: Provided, however, That inspection shall be made only upon consent of the occupant of the premises or pursuant to a warrant.
( b ) Any building, water supply, or sewage disposal system may be inspected without the consent of the occupant of the premises or a warrant if there is probable cause to believe that such system presents an immediate and severe danger to the public health and safety.
(iii) Defective systems. ( a ) If upon inspection, any building, water supply or sewage disposal system is found by the inspecting officer not to be in conformance with applicable State and county standards, the Superintendent will send to the ostensible owner and/or the occupant of such property, by certified mail, a written notice specifying what steps must be taken to achieve compliance. If after 1 year has elapsed from the mailing of such notice the deficiency has not been corrected, such deficiency shall constitute a violation of this regulation and shall be the basis for court action for the vacation of the premises.
( b ) If upon inspection, any building, water supply or sewage disposal system is found by the inspecting officer not to be in conformance with established State and county standards and it is found further that there is immediate and severe danger to the public health and safety or the health and safety of the occupants or users, the Superintendent shall post appropriate notices at conspicuous places on such premises, and thereafter, no person shall occupy or use the premises on which the deficiency or hazard is located until the Superintendent is satisfied that remedial measures have been taken that will assure compliance with established State and county standards.
(d) Stock Driveways. (1) The present county road extending from the west boundary of Kings Canyon National Park near Redwood Gap to Quail Flat junction of the General's Highway and the old road beyond is designated for the movement of stock and vehicular traffic, without charge, to and from national forest lands on either side of the General Grant Grove section of the park. Stock must be prevented from straying from the right of way.
(e) Snowmobiles. (1) The use of snowmobiles is allowed on the unplowed roads of Wilsonia, the Wilsonia parking lot, and the Mineral King road.
(2) Snowmobile use will be limited to providing access to private property within the exterior boundaries of the park area, pursuant to the terms and conditions of a permit issued only to owners of such private property.
§ 7.9   St. Croix National Scenic Riverway.
(a) Snowmobiles. After consideration of existing special situations, i.e., depth of snow or thickness of ice, and depending on local weather conditions, the superintendent may allow the use of snowmobiles on the frozen surface of the Saint Croix River on those sections normally used by motor boats during other seasons, between the Boomsite and Highway 243 near Osceola, Wisconsin, and Saint Croix Falls to Riverside, Wisconsin, and in those areas where county or other established snowmobile trails need to cross the riverway or riverway lands to connect with other established snowmobile trails.
(b) Fishing. Unless otherwise designated, fishing in a manner authorized under applicable State law is allowed.
(c) Vessels. (1) Entering by vessel, launching a vessel, operating a vessel, or knowingly allowing another person to enter, launch or operate a vessel, or attempting to do any of these activities in park area waters when that vessel or the trailer or the carrier of that vessel has been in water infested or contaminated with aquatic nuisance species, except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section is prohibited.
(2) Vessels, trailers or other carriers of vessels wishing to enter park area waters from aquatic nuisance species contaminated or infested waters may enter after being inspected and cleaned using the technique or process appropriate to the nuisance species.
(d) Placing or dumping, or attempting to place or dump, bait containers, live wells, or other water-holding devises that are or were filled with waters holding or contaminated by aquatic nuisance species is prohibited.
(e) Using a wet suit or associated water use and diving equipment previously used in waters infested with aquatic nuisance species prior to being inspected and cleaned using a process appropriate to the nuisance species is prohibited.
(f) For the purpose of this section:
(1) The term aquatic nuisance species means the zebra mussel, purple loosestrife and Eurasian watermilfoil;
(2) The term vessel means every type or description of craft on the water used or capable of being used as a means of transportation, including seaplanes, when on the water, and buoyant devises permitting or capable of free flotation.
(g) Bicycle Use. (1) The Superintendent may designate all or a portion of the Cable Connector Trail (full length of the trail approximately 0.25 miles) as open to bicycle use.
(2) A map showing trails open to bicycle use will be available at Riverway visitor centers and posted on the Riverway website. The Superintendent will provide notice of all trails designated for bicycle use in accordance with §  1.7 of this chapter.
(3) The Superintendent may limit, restrict, or impose conditions on bicycle use, or close any trail to bicycle use, or terminate such conditions, closures, limits, or restrictions in accordance with §  4.30 of this chapter. A violation of any such condition, closure, limit, or restriction is prohibited.
§ 7.10   Zion National Park.
(a) Vehicle convoy requirements. (1) An operator of a vehicle that exceeds load or size limitations established by the superintendent for the use of park roads may not operate such vehicle on a park road without a convoy service provided at the direction of the superintendent.
(2) A single trip convoy fee of $15 is charged by the superintendent for each vehicle or combination of vehicles convoyed over a park road. Payment of a convoy fee by an operator of a vehicle owned by the Federal, State or county government and used on official business is not required. Failure to pay a required convoy fee is prohibited.
(b) Snowmobiles. After consideration of snow and weather conditions, the superintendent may permit the use of snowmobiles on designated routes within the park. Snowmobile use is restricted to the established roadway. All off-road use is prohibited. The designated routes are defined as follows:
(1) All of the paved portion of the Kolob Terrace Road from the park boundary in the west one-half of Sec. 33, T. 40 S., R. 11 W., Salt Lake Base and Meridian, north to where this road leaves the park in the northwest corner of Sec. 16, T. 40 S., R. 11 W., SLBM. This paved portion of the Kolob Terrace Road is approximately three and one-half miles in length.
(2) All of the unplowed, paved portions of the Kolob Terrace Road from the park boundary, north of Spendlove Knoll, in Sec. 5, T. 40 S., R. 11 W., SLBM, north to where this road leaves the park in the southwest corner of Sec. 23, T. 39 S., R. 11 W., SLBM, a distance of approximately five miles.
(3) The unplowed, graded dirt road from the park boundary in the southeast corner of Sec. 13, T. 39 S., R. 11 W., SLBM, south to Lava Point Fire Lookout in the northwest quarter of Sec. 31, T. 39 S., R. 10 W., SLBM, a distance of approximately one mile.
(4) The unplowed, graded dirt road from the Lava Point Ranger Station, southeast to the West Rim Trailhead and then to a point where this road divides and leaves the park, in the southeast corner of Sec. 30, and the northeast corner of Sec. 31, T. 39 S., R. 10 W., SLBM, a distance of approximately two miles.
(5) The unplowed, graded dirt road from the Lava Point Ranger Station, north to the park boundary where this road leaves the park, all in the southeast corner of Sec. 13, T. 39 S., R. 11 W., SLBM, a distance of approximately one-fourth mile.
§ 7.11   Saguaro National Park.
(a) Bicycling. (1) The following trails are designated as routes for bicycle use:
(i) That portion of the Cactus Forest Trail inside the Cactus Forest Drive; and
(ii) The Hope Camp Trail, from the Loma Alta Trailhead east to the Arizona State Trust Lands boundary, located approximately .2 miles beyond Hope Camp.
(2) The Superintendent may open or close designated routes, or portions thereof, or impose conditions or restrictions for bicycle use after taking into consideration public health and safety, natural and cultural resource protection, and other management activities and objectives.
(i) The Superintendent will provide public notice of all such actions through one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7 of this chapter.
(ii) Violating a closure, condition, or restriction is prohibited.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 7.12   Gulf Islands National Seashore.
(a) Operation of seaplanes and amphibious aircraft. (1) Aircraft may be operated on the waters within the boundaries of the Seashore surrounding Ship, Horn and Petit Bois Islands, but approaches, landings and take-offs shall not be made within 500 feet of beaches.
(2) Aircraft may be moored to island beaches, but beaches may not be used as runways or taxi strips.
(3) Aircraft operating in the vicinity of any developed facilities, boat docks, floats, piers, ramps or bathing beaches will remain 500 feet from such facilities and must be operated with due care and regard for persons and property and in accordance with any posted signs or uniform waterway markers.
(4) Aircraft are prohibited from landing on or taking off from any land surfaces; any estuary, lagoon, pond or tidal flat; or any waters temporarily covering a beach; except when such operations may be authorized by prior permission of the Superintendent. Permission shall be based on needs for emergency service, resource protection, or resource management.
(b) Off-road operation of motor vehicles —(1) Route designations. (i) The operation of motor vehicles, other than on established roads and parking areas, is limited to oversand routes designated by the Superintendent in accordance with § 4.10(b) of this chapter. Operation of vehicles on these routes will be subject to all provisions of parts 2 and 4 of this chapter, as well as the specific provisions of this paragraph (b).
(ii) Oversand routes may be designated by the Superintendent in the following locations:
(A) In the eastern portion of Perdido Key, from the easternmost extension of the paved road to the east end of the island, excluding the Perdido Key Historic District near the former site of Fort McRee.
(B) In the westernmost portion of Santa Rosa Island, from the vicinity of Fort Pickens to the west end of the island.
(iii) Oversand routes designated by the Superintendent will be shown on maps available at park headquarters and other park offices. Signs at the entrance to each route will designate the route as open to motor vehicles.
Routes will be marked as follows:
(A) On beach routes, travel is permitted only between the water's edge and a line of markers on the landward side of the beach.
(B) On inland routes, travel is permitted only in the lane designated by pairs of markers showing the sides of the route.
(2) Permits. (i) The Superintendent is authorized to establish a system of special recreation permits for oversand vehicles and to establish special recreation permit fees for these permits, consistent with the conditions and criteria of 36 CFR part 71.
(ii) No motor vehicle shall be operated on a designated oversand route without a valid permit issued by the Superintendent.
(iii) Permits are not transferable to another motor vehicle or to another driver. The driver listed on the permit must be present in the vehicle at any time it is being operated on an oversand route. Permits are to be displayed as directed at the time of issuance.
(iv) No permit shall be valid for more than one year. Permits may be issued for lesser periods, as appropriate for the time of year at which a permit is issued or the length of time for which use is requested.
(v) For a permit to be issued, a motor vehicle must:
(A) Be capable of four-wheel drive operation.
(B) Meet the requirements of § 4.10(c)(3) of this chapter and conform to all applicable State laws regarding licensing, registration, inspection, insurance, and required equipment.
(C) Contain the following equipment to be carried at all times when the vehicle is being operated on an oversand route: shovel; tow rope, cable or chain; jack; and board or similar support for the jack.
(vi) No permit will be issued for a two-wheel drive motor vehicle, a motorcycle, an all-terrain vehicle, or any vehicle not meeting State requirements for on-road use.
(vii) In addition to any penalty required by § 1.3 of this chapter for a violation of regulations governing the use of motor vehicles on oversand routes, the Superintendent may revoke the permit of the person committing the violation or in whose vehicle the violation was committed. No person whose permit has been so revoked shall be issued a permit for a period of one year following revocation.
(3) Operation of vehicles. (i) No motor vehicle shall be operated in any location off a designated oversand route or on any portion of a route designated as closed by the posting of appropriate signs.
(ii) No motor vehicle shall be operated on an oversand route in excess of the following speeds:
(A) 15 miles per hour while within 100 feet of any person not in a motor vehicle.
(B) 25 miles per hour at all other times.
(iii) When two motor vehicles meet on an oversand route, both drivers shall reduce speed and the driver who is traveling south or west shall yield the right of way, if the route is too narrow for both vehicles.
(iv) The towing of trailers on oversand routes is prohibited.
(4) Information collection. The information collection requirements contained in § 7.12(b)(2) have been approved by the Office Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1024-0017. The information is being collected to solicit information necessary for the Superintendent to issue ORV permits. This information will be used to grant administrative benefits. The obligation to respond is required to obtain a benefit.
(c) Personal Watercraft (PWC). (1) PWCs may operate within Gulf Islands National Seashore except in the following closed areas:
(i) The lakes, ponds, lagoons and inlets of Cat Island, East Ship Island, West Ship Island, Horn Island, and Petit Bois Island;
(ii) The lagoons of Perdido Key within Big Lagoon;
(iii) The areas within 200 feet from the remnants of the old fishing pier and within 200 feet from the new fishing pier at Fort Pickens; and
(iv) Within 200 feet of non-motorized vessels and people in the water, except individuals associated with the use of the PWC.
(2) PWC may not be operated at greater than flat wake speed in the following locations:
(i) Within 0.5 mile from the shoreline or within 0.5 mile from either side of the pier at West Ship Island;
(ii) Within 0.5 mile from the shoreline on the designated wilderness islands of Horn and Petit Bois; and
(iii) Within 300 yards from all other park shorelines.
(3) PWC are allowed to beach at any point along the shore except as follows:
(i) PWC may not beach in any restricted area listed in paragraph (c)(1) of this section; and
(ii) PWC may not beach above the mean high tide line on the designated wilderness islands of Horn and Petit Bois.
(4) The Superintendent may temporarily limit, restrict or terminate access to the areas designated for PWC use after taking into consideration public health and safety, natural and cultural resource protection, and other management activities and objectives.
§ 7.13   Yellowstone National Park.
(a) Commercial Vehicles. (1) Notwithstanding the prohibition of commercial vehicles set forth in § 5.6 of this chapter, commercial vehicles are allowed to operate on U.S. Highway 191 in accordance with the provisions of this section.
(2) The transporting on U.S. Highway 191 of any substance or combination of substances, including any hazardous substance, hazardous material, or hazardous waste as defined in 49 CFR 171.8 that requires placarding of the transport vehicle in accordance with 49 CFR 177.823 or any marine pollutant that requires marking as defined in 49 CFR Subtitle B, is prohibited; provided, however, that the superintendent may issue permits and establish terms and conditions for the transportation of hazardous materials on U.S. Highway 191 in emergencies or when such transportation is necessary for access to lands within or adjacent to the park area.
(3) The operator of a motor vehicle transporting any hazardous substance, hazardous material, hazardous waste, or marine pollutant in accordance with a permit issued under this section is not relieved in any manner from complying with all applicable regulations in 49 CFR Subtitle B, or with any other State or federal laws and regulations applicable to the transportation of any hazardous substance, hazardous material, hazardous waste, or marine pollutant.
(4) The superintendent may require a permit and establish terms and conditions for the operation of a commercial vehicle on any park road in accordance with § 1.6 of this chapter. The superintendent may charge a fee for permits in accordance with a fee schedule established annually.
(5) Operating without, or violating a term or condition of, a permit issued in accordance with this section is prohibited. In addition, violating a term or condition of a permit may result in the suspension or revocation of the permit.
(b) Employee motor vehicle permits:
(1) A motor vehicle owned and/or operated by an employee of the U.S. Government, park concessioners and contractors, whether employed in a permanent or temporary capacity, shall be registered with the Superintendent and a permit authorizing the use of said vehicle in the park is required. This requirement also applies to members of an employee's family living in the park who own or operate a motor vehicle within the park. Such permit, issued free of charge, may be secured only when the vehicle operator can produce a valid certificate of registration, and has in his possession a valid operator's license. No motor vehicle may be operated on park roads unless properly registered.
(2) The permit is valid only for the calendar year of issue. Registry must be completed and permits secured by April 15 of each year or within one week after bringing a motor vehicle into the park, whichever date is later. The permit shall be affixed to the vehicle as designated by the Superintendent.
(c) [Reserved]
(d) Vessels —(1) Permit. (i) A general permit, issued by the Superintendent, is required for all vessels operated upon the waters of the park open to boating. In certain areas a special permit is required as specified hereinbelow. These permits must be carried within the vessel at all times when any person is aboard, and shall be exhibited upon request to any person authorized to enforce the regulations in this chapter.
(ii) A special permit shall be issued by the Superintendent to any holder of a general permit who expresses the intention to travel into either the South Arm or the Southeast Arm “Five Mile Per Hour Zones” of Yellowstone Lake, as defined in paragraphs (d)(6) (ii) and (iii) of this section, upon the completion and filing of a form statement in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (d)(10) of this section.
(iii) Neither a general nor special permit shall be issued until the permittee has signed a statement certifying that he is familiar with the speed and all other limitations and requirements in these regulations. The applicant for a special permit shall also agree in writing to provide, in accordance with paragraph (d)(10) of this section, information concerning the actual travel within the “Five Mile Per Hour Zones.”
(2) Removal of vessels. All privately owned vessels, boat trailers, waterborne craft of any kind, buoys, mooring floats, and anchorage equipment will not be permitted in the park prior to May 1 and must be removed by November 1.
(3) Restricted landing areas. (i) Prior to July 1 of each year, the landing of any vessel on the shore of Yellowstone Lake between Trail Creek and Beaverdam Creek is prohibited, except upon written permission of the Superintendent.
(ii) The landing or beaching of any vessel on the shores of Yellowstone Lake ( a ) within the confines of Bridge Bay Marina and Lagoon and the connecting channel with Yellowstone Lake; and ( b ) within the confines of Grant Village Marina and Lagoon and the connecting channel with Yellowstone Lake is prohibited except at the piers or docks provided for the purpose.
(4) Closed waters. (i) Vessels are prohibited on Sylvan Lake, Eleanor Lake, Twin Lakes, and Beach Springs Lagoon.
(ii) Vessels are prohibited on park rivers and streams (as differentiated from lakes and lagoons), except on the channel between Lewis Lake and Shoshone Lake, which is open only to handpropelled vessels.
(5) Lewis Lake motorboat waters. Motorboats are permitted on Lewis Lake.
(6) Yellowstone Lake motorboat waters. Motorboats are permitted on Yellowstone Lake except in Flat Mountain Arm as described in paragraph (d)(6)(i) of this section and as restricted within the South Arm and the Southeast Arm where operation is confined to areas known as “Five Mile Per Hour Zones” which waters are between the lines as described in paragraphs (d)(6) (ii) and (iii) of this section in the South Arm and Southeast Arm, but which specifically exclude the southernmost 2 miles of both Arms which are open only to hand-propelled vessels.
(i) The following portion of Flat Mountain Arm of Yellowstone Lake is restricted to hand-propelled vessels: West of a line beginning at a point marked by a monument located on the south shore of the Flat Mountain Arm and approximately 10,200 feet easterly from the southwest tip of the said arm, said point being approximately 44°22′13.2″ N. latitude and 110°25′07.2″ W. longitude, then running approximately 2,800 feet due north to a point marked by a monument located on the north shore of the Flat Mountain Arm, said point being approximately 44°22′40″ N. latitude and 110°25′07.2″ W. longitude.
(ii) In the South Arm that portion between a line from Plover Point running generally east to a point marked by a monument on the northwest tip of the peninsula common to the South and Southeast Arms; and a line from a monument located on the west shore of the South Arm approximately 2 miles north of the cairn which marks the extreme southern extremity of Yellowstone Lake in accordance with the Act of Congress establishing Yellowstone National Park; said point being approximately in latitude 44°18′22.8″ N., at longitude 110°20′04.8″ W., Greenwich Meridian, running due east to a point on the east shore of the South Arm marked by a monument. Operation of motorboats south of the latter line is prohibited.
(iii) In the Southeast Arm that portion between a line from a monument on the northwest tip of the peninsula common to the South and Southeast Arms which runs generally east to a monument at the mouth of Columbine Creek; and a line from a cairn which marks the extreme eastern extremity of Yellowstone Lake, in accordance with the Act of Congress establishing Yellowstone National Park; said point being approximately in latitude 44°19′42.0″ N., at longitude 110°12′06.0″ W., Greenwich Meridian, running westerly to a point on the west shore of the Southeast Arm, marked by a monument; said point being approximately in latitude 44°20′03.6″ N., at longitude 110°16′19.2″ W., Greenwich Meridian. Operation of motorboats south of the latter line is prohibited.
(7) Motorboats are prohibited on park waters except as permitted in paragraphs (d) (5) and (6) of this section.
(8) Hand-propelled vessel waters. Hand-propelled vessels and sail vessels may operate in park waters except on those waters named in paragraph (d)(4) of this section.
(9) Five Mile Per Hour Zone motorboat restrictions. The operation of motorboats within “Five Mile Per Hour Zones” is subject to the following restrictions:
(i) Class 1 and Class 2 motorboats shall proceed no closer than one-quarter mile from the shoreline except to debark or embark passengers, or while moored when passengers are ashore.
(ii) [Reserved]
(10) Permission required to operate motorboats in Five Mile Per Hour Zone. Written authority for motorboats to enter either or both the South Arm or the Southeast Arm “Five Mile Per Hour Zones” shall be granted to an operator providing that prior to commencement of such entry the operator completes and files with the Superintendent a form statement showing:
(i) Length, make, and number of motorboat.
(ii) Type of vessel, such as inboard, inboard-outboard, turbojet, and including make and horsepower rating of motor.
(iii) Name and address of head of party.
(iv) Number of persons in party.
(v) Number of nights planned to spend in each “Five Mile Per Hour Zone.”
(vi) Place where camping is planned within each “Five Mile Per Hour Zone,” or if applicable, whether party will remain overnight on board.
(11) The disturbance of birds inhabiting or nesting on either of the islands designated as “Molly Islands” in the Southeast Arm of Yellowstone Lake is prohibited; nor shall any vessel approach the shoreline of said islands within one-quarter mile.
(12) Boat racing, water pageants, and spectacular or unsafe types of recreational use of vessels are prohibited on park waters.
(e) Fishing. (1) Fishing restrictions, based on management objectives described in the park's Resources Management Plan, are established annually by the superintendent.
(2) The superintendent may impose closures and establish conditions or restrictions, in accordance with the criteria and procedures of §§ 1.5 and 1.7 of this chapter, on any activity pertaining to fishing, including, but not limited to, seasons and hours during which fishing may take place, size, creel and possession limits, species of fish that may be taken and methods of taking.
(3) Closed waters. The following waters of the park are closed to fishing and are so designated by appropriate signs:
(i) Pelican Creek from its mouth to a point two miles upstream.
(ii) The Yellowstone River and its tributary streams from the Yellowstone Lake outlet to a point one mile downstream.
(iii) The Yellowstone River and its tributary streams from the confluence of Alum Creek with the Yellowstone River upstream to the Sulphur Caldron.
(iv) The Yellowstone River from the top of the Upper Falls downstream to a point directly below the overlook known as Inspiration Point.
(v) Bridge Bay Lagoon and Marina and Grant Village Lagoon and Marina and their connecting channels with Yellowstone Lake.
(vi) The shores of the southern extreme of the West Thumb thermal area along the shore of Yellowstone Lake to the mouth of Little Thumb Creek.
(vii) The Mammoth water supply reservoir.
(4) Fishing in closed waters or violating a condition or restriction established by the superintendent is prohibited.
(f) Commercial passenger-carrying vehicles. The prohibition against the commercial transportation of passengers by motor vehicles in Yellowstone National Park contained in § 5.4 of this chapter shall be subject to the following exception: Motor vehicles operated on an infrequent and nonscheduled tour on which the visit to the park is an incident to such tour, carrying only round trip passengers traveling from the point of origin of the tour will, subject to the conditions set forth in this paragraph, be accorded admission to the park for the purpose of delivering passengers to a point of overnight stay in the park and exit from the park. After passengers have completed their stay, such motor vehicles shall leave the park by the most convenient exit station, considering their destinations. Motor vehicles admitted to the park under this paragraph shall not, while in the park, engage in general sightseeing operations. Admission will be accorded such vehicles upon establishing to the satisfaction of the superintendent that the tour originated from such place and in such manner as not to provide in effect a regular and duplicating service conflicting with, or in competition with, the services provided for the public pursuant to contract authorization from the Secretary. The superintendent shall have the authority to specify the route to be followed by such vehicles within the park.
(g) Camping. (1) Camping in Yellowstone National Park by any person, party, or organization during any calendar year during the period Labor Day through June 30, inclusive, shall not exceed 30 days, either in a single period or combined separate periods, when such limitations are posted.
(2) The intensive public-use season for camping shall be the period July 1 to Labor Day. During this period camping by any person, party, or organization shall be limited to a total of 14 days either in a single period or combined separate periods.
(h) Dogs and cats. Dogs and cats on leash, crated, or otherwise under physical restraint are permitted in the park only within 100 feet of established roads and parking areas. Dogs and cats are prohibited on established trails and boardwalks.
(i) [Reserved]
(j) Travel on trails. Foot travel in all thermal areas and within the Yellowstone Canyon between the Upper Falls and Inspiration Point must be confined to boardwalks or trails that are maintained for such travel and are marked by official signs.
(k) Portable engines and motors. The operation of motor-driven chain saws, portable motor-driven electric light plants, portable motor-driven pumps, and other implements driven by portable engines and motors is prohibited in the park, except in Mammoth, Canyon, Fishing Bridge, Bridge Bay, Grant Village, and Madison Campgrounds, for park operation purposes, and for construction and maintenance projects authorized by the Superintendent. This restriction shall not apply to outboard motors on waters open to motorboating.
(l)(1) What is the scope of this regulation? The regulations contained in paragraphs (l)(2) through (l)(15) and (l)(18) of this section apply to the use of snowcoaches and snowmobiles by guides and park visitors. Except where indicated, paragraphs (l)(2) through (l)(15) do not apply to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by affiliated persons.
(2) What terms do I need to know? The definitions in this paragraph (l)(2) also apply to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by affiliated persons.
Affiliated persons means persons other than guides or park visitors. Affiliated persons include NPS employees, contractors, concessioner employees, their families and guests, or other persons designated by the Superintendent.
Commercial guide means a person who operates as a snowmobile or snowcoach guide for a monetary fee or other compensation and is authorized to operate in the park under a concession contract or a commercial use authorization.
Commercial tour operator means a person authorized to operate oversnow vehicle tours in the park under a concession contract or a commercial use authorization.
Enhanced emission standards means for snowmobiles, a maximum of 65 dB(A) as measured at cruising speed (approximately 35 mph) in accordance with the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J1161 test procedures and certified under 40 CFR part 1051 to a Family Emission Limit no greater than 60 g/kW-hr for carbon monoxide; and for snowcoaches, a maximum of 71 dB(A) when measured by operating the snowcoach at cruising speed for the test cycle in accordance with the SAE J1161 test procedures.
Guide means a commercial guide or a non-commercial guide.
Non-commercial guide means a person who has successfully completed training and certification requirements established by the Superintendent that demonstrate the requisite knowledge and skills to operate a snowmobile in Yellowstone National Park. In order to be certified and receive a special use permit, a non-commercial guide must be at least 18 years of age by the day of the trip and possess a valid state-issued motor vehicle driver's license.
Non-commercially guided group means a group of no more than five snowmobiles, including a non-commercial guide, permitted to enter the park under the Non-commercially Guided Snowmobile Access Program.
Non-commercially Guided Snowmobile Access Program means a program that permits authorized parties to enter Yellowstone National Park without a commercial guide.
Oversnow route means that portion of the unplowed roadway located between the road shoulders and designated by snow poles or other poles, ropes, fencing, or signs erected to regulate oversnow activity. Oversnow routes include pullouts or parking areas that are groomed or marked similarly to roadways and are adjacent to designated oversnow routes. An oversnow route may also be distinguished by the interior boundaries of the berm created by the packing and grooming of the unplowed roadway.
Oversnow vehicle means a snowmobile, snowcoach, or other motorized vehicle that is intended for travel primarily on snow and has been authorized by the Superintendent to operate in the park. All-terrain vehicles and utility-type vehicles are not oversnow vehicles, even if they have been modified for use on snow with track or ski systems
Snowcoach means a self-propelled mass transit vehicle intended for travel on snow, having a curb weight of over 1,000 pounds (450 kilograms), having a capacity of at least eight passengers and no more than 32 passengers, plus a driver.
Snowcoach transportation event means one snowcoach that does not meet enhanced emission standards traveling in Yellowstone National Park on any given day, or two snowcoaches that both meet enhanced emission standards traveling together in Yellowstone National Park on any given day.
Snowmobile means a self-propelled vehicle intended for travel solely on snow, with a maximum curb weight of 1,000 pounds (450 kilograms), driven by a track or tracks in contact with the snow, and which may be steered by a ski or skis in contact with the snow.
Snowmobile transportation event means a group of 10 or fewer commercially guided snowmobiles traveling together in Yellowstone National Park on any given day or a non-commercially guided group, which is defined separately. Snowmobiles entering Cave Falls Road are not considered snowmobile transportation events.
Snowplane means a self-propelled vehicle intended for oversnow travel and driven by an air-displacing propeller.
Transportation event means a snowmobile transportation event or a snowcoach transportation event.
(3) When may I operate a snowmobile in Yellowstone National Park? You may operate a snowmobile in Yellowstone National Park each winter season only in compliance with use limits, guiding requirements, operating hours, equipment, and operating conditions established under this section. The operation of snowmobiles under a concessions contract or commercial use authorization is subject to the conditions stated in the concessions contract or commercial use authorization. The Superintendent may establish additional operating conditions after providing notice of those conditions in accordance with one or more methods listed in 36 CFR 1.7.
(4) When may I operate a snowcoach in Yellowstone National Park? (i) A snowcoach may be operated in Yellowstone National Park only under a concessions contract or commercial use authorization each winter season. Snowcoach operation is subject to the conditions stated in the concessions contract or commercial use authorization and all other conditions identified in this section. The Superintendent may establish additional operating conditions, including performance-based emission standards for snowcoaches, after providing notice of those conditions in accordance with one or more methods listed in 36 CFR 1.7.
(ii) The requirements in paragraphs (l)(4)(iii) through (iv) of this section apply to:
(A) new snowcoaches put into service on or after December 15, 2014;
(B) snowcoaches used in lieu of snowmobile transportation events during the 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 winter seasons; and
(C) all existing snowcoaches as of December 15, 2016.
(iii) The following air emission requirements apply to snowcoaches:
(iv) A snowcoach may not exceed a sound level of 75 dB(A) when measured by operating the snowcoach at 25 mph, or at its maximum cruising speed if that is less than 25 mph, for the test cycle in accordance with the SAE J1161 test procedures.
(v) All emission-related exhaust components (as listed in the applicable portion of 40 CFR 86.004-25) must function properly. These emission-related components must be replaced with the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) component, if practicable. If OEM parts are not available, aftermarket parts may be used.
(vi) Operating a snowcoach with the original pollution control equipment disabled or modified is prohibited.
(vii) Before the start of a winter season, a snowcoach manufacturer or a commercial tour operator must demonstrate, by means acceptable to the Superintendent, that a snowcoach meets the air and sound emission standards. The NPS will test and certify snowcoaches for compliance with air and sound emission requirements at locations in the park. A snowcoach meeting the requirements for air and sound emissions may be operated in the park through the winter season that begins no more than 10 years from the engine manufacture date, or longer if the snowcoach is certified to meet performance-based emission standards established by the Superintendent under paragraph (l)(4)(i) of this section.
(viii) Snowcoaches are subject to periodic and unannounced inspections to determine compliance with the requirements of paragraph (l)(4) of this section.
(ix) This paragraph (l)(4) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by affiliated persons.
(5) Must I operate a certain model of snowmobile? Only snowmobiles that meet NPS air and sound emissions requirements in this section may be operated in the park. Before the start of a winter season, a snowmobile manufacturer must demonstrate, by means acceptable to the Superintendent, that a snowmobile meets the air and sound emission standards. The Superintendent will approve snowmobile makes, models, and years of manufacture that meet those requirements. Any snowmobile model not approved by the Superintendent may not be operated in the park.
(6) What standards will the Superintendent use to approve snowmobile makes, models, and years of manufacture for use in the park? (i) Snowmobiles must meet the following air emission requirements:
(A) Through March 15, 2015, all snowmobiles must be certified under 40 CFR part 1051 to a Family Emission Limit no greater than 15 g/kW-hr for hydrocarbons and to a Family Emission Limit no greater than 120 g/kW-hr for carbon monoxide.
(B) As of December 15, 2015, all snowmobiles must be certified under 40 CFR part 1051 to a Family Emission Limit no greater than 15 g/kW-hr for hydrocarbons and to a Family Emission Limit no greater than 90 g/kW-hr for carbon monoxide.
(ii) Snowmobiles must meet the following sound emission requirements:
(A) Through March 15, 2015, snowmobiles must operate at or below 73 dB(A) as measured at full throttle according to SAE J192 test procedures (revised 1985). During this period, snowmobiles may be tested at any barometric pressure equal to or above 23.4 inches Hg uncorrected.
(B) As of December 15, 2015, snowmobiles must operate at or below 67 dB(A) as measured at cruising speed (approximately 35mph) in accordance with SAE J1161 test procedures. Sound emissions tests must be accomplished within the barometric pressure limits of the test procedure; there will be no allowance for elevation. A population of measurements for a snowmobile model may not exceed a mean output of 67 dB(A), and a single measurement may not exceed 69 dB(A). The Superintendent may revise these testing procedures based on new information or updates to the SAE J1161 testing procedures.
(iii) A snowmobile meeting the requirements for air and sound emissions may be operated in the park for a period not exceeding six years from the manufacturing date, or after the snowmobile has travelled 6,000 miles, whichever occurs later.
(iv) Operating a snowmobile that has been modified in a manner that may adversely affect air or sound emissions is prohibited.
(v) These air and sound emissions requirements do not apply to snowmobiles operated on the Cave Falls Road in the park.
(vi) Snowmobiles are subject to periodic and unannounced inspections to determine compliance with the requirements of paragraph (l)(6) of this section.
(vii) This paragraph (l)(6) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by affiliated persons.
(7) Where may I operate a snowmobile in Yellowstone National Park? (i) You may operate an authorized snowmobile only upon designated oversnow routes established within the park in accordance with 36 CFR 2.18(c). The following oversnow routes are so designated:
(A) Entrance roads: from the parking lot at Upper Terrace Drive south of Mammoth Hot Springs to Norris Junction, from the park boundary at West Yellowstone to Madison Junction, from the South Entrance to West Thumb, and from the East Entrance to junction with the Grand Loop Road.
(B) Grand Loop Road segments: from Norris Junction to Madison Junction, from Madison Junction to West Thumb, from West Thumb to the junction with the East Entrance Road, from Norris Junction to Canyon Junction, and from Canyon Junction to the junction with the East Entrance Road.
(C) Side roads: South Canyon Rim Drive, Lake Butte Road, Firehole Canyon Drive, North Canyon Rim Drive, and Riverside Drive.
(D) Developed area roads in the areas of Madison Junction, Old Faithful, Grant Village, West Thumb, Lake, East Entrance, Fishing Bridge, Canyon, Indian Creek, and Norris.
(ii) The Superintendent may open or close these oversnow routes, or portions thereof, for snowmobile travel after taking into consideration the location of wintering wildlife, appropriate snow cover, public safety, avalanche conditions, resource protection, park operations, use patterns, and other factors. The Superintendent will provide public notice of any opening or closing by one or more of the methods listed in 36 CFR 1.7.
(iii) This paragraph (l)(7) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by affiliated persons.
(iv) Maps detailing the designated oversnow routes are available at Park Headquarters.
(8) What routes are designated for snowcoach use? (i) Authorized snowcoaches may be operated on the routes designated for snowmobile use in paragraph (l)(7)(i) of this section. Snowcoaches may be operated on the Grand Loop Road from Canyon Junction to the Washburn Hot Springs Overlook. In addition, rubber-tracked snowcoaches may be operated from the park entrance at Gardiner, MT, to the parking lot of Upper Terrace Drive and in the Mammoth Hot Springs developed area.
(ii) The Superintendent may open or close these oversnow routes, or portions thereof, after taking into consideration the location of wintering wildlife, appropriate snow cover, public safety, avalanche conditions, resource protection, park operations, use patterns, and other factors. The Superintendent will provide public notice of any opening or closing by one of more of the methods listed in 36 CFR 1.7.
(iii) This paragraph (l)(8) also applies to non-administrative snowcoach use by affiliated persons.
(9) Must I travel with a guide while snowmobiling in Yellowstone and what other guiding requirements apply? (i) All visitors operating snowmobiles in the park must be accompanied by a guide.
(ii) Unguided snowmobile access is prohibited.
(iii) The Superintendent will establish the requirements, including training and certification requirements for commercial guides and non-commercial guides and accompanying snowmobile operators.
(iv) Guided parties must travel together within one-third of a mile of the first snowmobile in the group.
(v) Snowmobiles operated by non-commercial guides must be clearly marked so that park personnel can easily ascertain which snowmobiles in the park are part of a non-commercially guided group.
(vi) Non-commercial guides must obtain a special use permit from the Non-commercially Guided Snowmobile Access Program prior to entering the park with a non-commercially guided group.
(vii) The guiding requirements described in this paragraph (l)(9) do not apply to Cave Falls Road.
(10) Are there limits upon the number of snowmobiles and snowcoaches permitted to operate in the park each day? As of December 15, 2014, the number of snowmobiles and snowcoaches permitted to operate in the park each day will be managed by transportation events, as follows:
(i) A transportation event consists of a group of no more than 10 snowmobiles (including the snowmobile operated by the guide) or 1 snowcoach (unless enhanced emission standards allow for 2).
(ii) No more than 110 transportation events may occur in Yellowstone National Park on any given day.
(iii) No more than 50 of the 110 transportation events allowed each day may be snowmobile transportation events.
(iv) Four of the 50 snowmobile transportation events allowed each day are reserved for non-commercially guided groups, with one such group allowed per entrance per day. The Superintendent may adjust or terminate the Non-commercially Guided Snowmobile Access Program, or redistribute non-commercially guided transportation events, based upon impacts to park resources, park operations, utilization rates, visitor experiences, or other factors, after providing public notice in accordance with one or more methods listed in 36 CFR 1.7.
(v) Transportation events allocated to commercial tour operators may be exchanged among commercial tour operators, but only for the same entrance or location.
(vi) Commercial tour operators may decide whether to use their daily allocations of transportation events for snowmobiles or snowcoaches, subject to the limits in this section.
(vii) Transportation events may not exceed the maximum number of oversnow vehicles allowed for each transportation event.
(viii) Snowmobile transportation events conducted by a commercial tour operator may not exceed an average of 7 snowmobiles, averaged over the winter season. However, snowmobile transportation events conducted by a commercial tour operator that consist entirely of snowmobiles meeting enhanced emission standards may not exceed an average of 8 snowmobiles, averaged over the winter season. For the 2014-2015 winter season only, snowmobile transportation events conducted by a commercial tour operator that consist of any snowmobile that does not meet the air emission requirements in paragraph (l)(6)(i)(B) of this section or the sound emission requirements in paragraph (l)(6)(ii)(B) of this section may not exceed an average of 7 snowmobiles, averaged daily.
(ix) Snowcoach transportation events that consist entirely of snowcoaches meeting enhanced emission standards may not exceed an average of 1.5 snowcoaches, averaged over the winter season.
(x) A commercial tour operator that is allocated a transportation event, but does not use it or exchange it can count that event as “0” against that commercial tour operator's daily and seasonal averages. A commercial tour operator that receives a transportation event from another concessioner, but does not use it, may also count that event as “0” against its daily and seasonal averages.
(xi) Up to 50 snowmobiles may enter Cave Falls Road each day.
(xii) Daily allocations and entrance distributions for transportation events are listed in the following table:
Daily Transportation Event Entry Limits by Park Entrance/Location
* The remaining 4 transportation events are reserved for non-commercially guided snowmobiles.
(xiii) The Superintendent may decrease the maximum number of transportation events allowed in the park each day, or make limited changes to the transportation events allocated to each entrance, after taking into consideration the location of wintering wildlife, appropriate snow cover, public safety, avalanche conditions, park operations, utilization rates, visitor experiences, or other factors. The Superintendent will provide public notice of changes by one or more of the methods listed in 36 CFR 1.7.
(xiv) For the 2013-2014 winter season only, the number of snowmobiles and snowcoaches allowed to operate in the park each day is limited to a certain number per entrance or location as set forth in the following table. During this period, all snowmobiles operated by park visitors must be accompanied by a commercial guide. Snowmobile parties must travel in a group of no more than 11 snowmobiles, including the guide.
Number of Snowmobiles and Snowcoaches Allowed in the Park on Any Day by Park Entrance/Location for the 2013-2014 Winter Season
* Commercially guided snowmobile tours originating at the North Entrance and Old Faithful are currently provided solely by one concessioner. Because this concessioner is the sole provider at both of these areas, this regulation allows reallocation of snowmobiles between the North Entrance and Old Faithful as necessary, so long as the total daily number of snowmobiles originating from the two locations does not exceed 24. For example, the concessioner could operate 6 snowmobiles at Old Faithful and 18 at the North Entrance if visitor demand warranted it. This will allow the concessioner to respond to changing visitor demand for commercially guided snowmobile tours, thus enhancing the availability of visitor services in Yellowstone.
(xv) Paragraph (l)(10)(xiv) remains in effect until March 15, 2014.
(11) How will the park monitor compliance with the required average and maximum size of transportation events? As of December 15, 2014:
(i) Each commercial tour operator must maintain accurate and complete records of the number of transportation events it has brought into the park on a daily basis.
(ii) The records kept by commercial tour operators under paragraph (l)(11)(i) of this section must be made available for inspection by the park upon request.
(iii) Each commercial tour operator must submit a monthly report to the park that includes the information below about snowmobile and snowcoach use. We may require the report to be submitted more frequently than monthly if it becomes necessary to more closely monitor activities to protect natural or cultural resources in the park.
(A) Average group size for allocated transportation events during the previous month and for the winter season to date. Any transportation events that have been exchanged among commercial tour operators must be noted and the receiving party must include these transportation events in its reports.
(B) For each transportation event; the departure date, the duration of the trip (in days), the event type (snowmobile or snowcoach), the number of snowmobiles or snowcoaches, the number of visitors and guides, the entrance used, route, and primary destinations, and if the transportation event allocation was from another commercial tour operator.
(iv) To qualify for the increased average size of snowmobile transportation events or increased maximum size of snowcoach transportation events, a commercial tour operator must:
(A) Demonstrate before the start of a winter season, by means acceptable to the Superintendent, that his or her snowmobiles or snowcoaches meet the enhanced emission standards; and
(B) Maintain separate records for snowmobiles and snowcoaches that meet enhanced emission standards and those that do not to allow the park to measure compliance with required average and maximum sizes of transportation events.
(12) How will I know when I can operate a snowmobile or snowcoach in the park? The Superintendent will:
(i) Determine the start and end dates of the winter season, which will begin no earlier than December 15 and end no later than March 15 each year. The Superintendent will consider appropriate factors when determining the length of the winter season, including adequate snow cover, the location of wintering wildlife, public safety, resource protection, park operations, and use patterns. Based upon these factors, the Superintendent may determine that there will be no winter season for oversnow vehicles or that certain areas of the park may be closed to public OSV use.
(ii) Determine operating hours, dates, and use levels.
(iii) Notify the public of the start and end dates of the winter season, operating hours, dates, use levels, and any applicable changes through one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7 of this chapter.
(iv) Except for emergency situations, announce annually any changes to the operating hours, dates, and use levels.
(13) What other conditions apply to the operation of oversnow vehicles? (i) The following are prohibited:
(A) Idling an oversnow vehicle for more than three minutes at any one time.
(B) Driving an oversnow vehicle while the driver's motor vehicle license or privilege is suspended or revoked.
(C) Allowing or permitting an unlicensed driver to operate an oversnow vehicle.
(D) Driving an oversnow vehicle with disregard for the safety of persons, property, or park resources, or otherwise in a reckless manner.
(E) Operating an oversnow vehicle without a lighted white headlamp and red taillight.
(F) Operating an oversnow vehicle that does not have brakes in good working order.
(G) The towing of persons on skis, sleds, or other sliding devices by oversnow vehicles, except for emergency situations.
(H) Racing snowmobiles, or operating a snowmobile in excess of 35 mph, or operating a snowmobile in excess of any lower speed limit in effect under § 4.21(a)(1) or (2) of this chapter or that has been otherwise designated.
(I) Operating a snowcoach in excess of 25 mph, or operating a snowcoach in excess of any lower speed limit in effect under § 4.21(a)(1) or (2) of this chapter or that has been otherwise designated.
(ii) The following are required:
(A) All oversnow vehicles that stop on designated routes must pull over to the far right and next to the snow berm. Pullouts must be used where available and accessible. Oversnow vehicles may not be stopped in a hazardous location or where the view might be obscured. Oversnow vehicles may not be operated so slowly as to interfere with the normal flow of traffic.
(B) Oversnow vehicle drivers must possess and carry at all times a valid government-issued motor vehicle driver's license. A learner's permit does not satisfy this requirement.
(C) Equipment sleds towed by a snowmobile must be pulled behind the snowmobile and fastened to the snowmobile with a rigid hitching mechanism.
(D) Snowmobiles must be properly registered in the U.S. State or Canadian Province of principal use and must display a valid registration.
(E) The only motor vehicles permitted on oversnow routes are oversnow vehicles.
(F) An oversnow vehicle that does not meet the definition of a snowcoach must comply with all requirements applicable to snowmobiles.
(iii) The Superintendent may impose other terms and conditions as necessary to protect park resources, visitors, or employees. The Superintendent will notify the public of any changes through one or more methods listed in § 1.7 of this chapter.
(iv) This paragraph (l)(13) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by affiliated persons.
(14) What conditions apply to alcohol use while operating an oversnow vehicle? In addition to 36 CFR 4.23, the following conditions apply:
(i) Operating or being in actual physical control of an oversnow vehicle is prohibited when the operator is under 21 years of age and the alcohol concentration in the operator's blood or breath is 0.02 grams or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood, or 0.02 grams or more of alcohol per 210 liters of breath.
(ii) Operating or being in actual physical control of an oversnow vehicle is prohibited when the operator is a guide and the alcohol concentration in the operator's blood or breath is 0.04 grams or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or 0.04 grams or more of alcohol per 210 liters of breath.
(iii) This paragraph (1)(14) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by affiliated persons.
(15) Do other NPS regulations apply to the use of oversnow vehicles? (i) The use of oversnow vehicles in Yellowstone National Park is subject to §§ 2.18(a) and (c), but not subject to §§ 2.18(b), (d), (e), and 2.19(b) of this chapter.
(ii) This paragraph (l)(15) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by affiliated persons.
(16) What forms of non-motorized oversnow transportation are allowed in the park?
(i) Non-motorized travel consisting of skiing, skating, snowshoeing, or walking is permitted unless otherwise restricted under this section or other NPS regulations.
(ii) The Superintendent may designate areas of the park as closed, reopen previously closed areas, or establish terms and conditions for non-motorized travel within the park in order to protect visitors, employees, or park resources. The Superintendent will notify the public in accordance with § 1.7 of this chapter.
(iii) Dog sledding and ski-joring (a skier being pulled by a dog, horse, or vehicle) are prohibited. Bicycles, including bicycles modified for oversnow travel, are prohibited on oversnow routes in Yellowstone National Park.
(17) May I operate a snowplane in Yellowstone National Park? The operation of a snowplane in Yellowstone National Park is prohibited.
(18) Is violating a provision of this section prohibited? (i) Violating a term, condition, or requirement of paragraph (l) of this section is prohibited.
(ii) Violation of a term, condition, or requirement of paragraph (l) of this section by a guide may also result in the administrative revocation of guiding privileges.
(19) Have the information collection requirements been approved? The Office of Management and Budget has reviewed and approved the information collection requirements in paragraph (l) and assigned OMB Control No. 1024-0266. We will use this information to monitor compliance with the required average and maximum size of transportation events. The obligation to respond is required in order to obtain or retain a benefit.
(m) Swimming. The swimming or bathing in a natural, historical, or archeological thermal pool or stream that has waters originating entirely from a thermal spring or pool is prohibited.
§ 7.14   Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
(a) Fishing —(1) License. A person fishing within the park must have in possession the proper State fishing license issued by either Tennessee or North Carolina. A holder of a valid resident or nonresident license issued by either State may fish throughout the park irrespective of State boundaries, except in Closed and Excluded Waters.
(2) Closed and Excluded Waters. All waters of Mingus Creek, Lands Creek, Chestnut Branch and that portion of LeConte Creek as posted through the park residential area of Twin Creeks, are closed to and excluded from fishing.
(3) Open Waters. (i) All of the waters of the Oconaluftee River downstream from where it joins with Raven Fork to the park boundary and that portion of Raven Fork from its junction with the Oconaluftee River upstream and paralleling the Big Cove Road to the park boundary are open to fishing in accordance with the Cherokee Fish and Game Management regulations.
(ii) All other park waters are open to fishing in accordance with National Park Service regulations.
(4) Season. Open all year for rainbow and brown trout, smallmouth bass, and redeye (rockbass). All other fish are protected and may not be taken by any means.
(5) Time. Fishing is permitted from sunrise to sunset only.
(6) Fish and equipment and bait. Fishing is permitted only by use of one handheld rod and line.
(i) Only artificial flies or lures having one single hook may be used.
(ii) The use or possession of any form of fish bait other than artificial flies or lures on any park stream while in possession of fishing tackle is prohibited.
(7) Size limits. All trout or bass caught less than the legal length shall be immediately returned unharmed to the water from which taken.
(i) No trout or bass less than 7″ in length may be retained.
(ii) No size limit on redeye (rockbass).
(8) Possession limit. (i) Possession limit shall mean and include the number of trout, bass or redeye (rockbass) caught in park waters which may be in possession, regardless of whether they are fresh, stored in ice chests, or otherwise preserved. A person must stop and desist from fishing for the remainder of the day upon attaining the possession limit.
(ii) Five, fish, trout, bass, or redeye, or a combination thereof, is the maximum number which a person may retain in one day or be in possession of at any one time.
(9) The superintendent may designate certain waters as Experimental Fish Management Waters and issue temporary and special rules regulating fishing use by posting signs and issuance of official public notification. All persons shall observe and abide by such officially posted rules pertaining to these specially designated waters.
(b) Beer and alcoholic beverages. The possession of beer or any alcoholic beverages in an open or unsealed container, except in designated picnic, camping, or overnight lodging facilities, is prohibited.
§ 7.15   Shenandoah National Park.
(a) Backcountry camping. For purposes of clarification at Shenandoah National Park, “backcountry camping” is defined as any use of portable shelter or sleeping equipment in the backcountry. “Backcountry” is defined as those areas of the park which are more than 250 yards from a paved road, and more than one-half mile from any park facilities other than trails, unpaved roads and trail shelters. The Superintendent may designate areas where backcountry camping is prohibited if there would be potential damage to park resources or disruption to other park uses. Such areas will be marked on maps available in the Superintendent's office, visitor centers and ranger stations. A person or group of persons may camp overnight at any other backcountry location within the park, except:
(1) No person or group of persons traveling together may camp without a valid backcountry camping permit. The issuance of this permit may be denied when such action is necessary to protect park resources or park visitors, or to regulate levels of visitor use in legislatively-designated wilderness areas;
(2) No person may camp in or with a group of more than nine (9) other persons;
(3) No person or group may backcountry camp:
(i) Within 250 yards or in view from any paved park road or the park boundary;
(ii) Within one-half mile or in view from any automobile campground, lodge, restaurant, visitor center, picnic area, ranger station, administrative or maintenance area, or other park development or facility except a trail, an unpaved road or a trail shelter;
(iii) On or in view from any trail or unpaved road, or within sight of any sign which has been posted by park authorities to designate a no camping area;
(iv) Within view of another camping party, or inside or within view from a trail shelter: Provided, however, That backcountry campers may seek shelter and sleep within or adjacent to a trail shelter with other camping groups, during periods of severely unseasonable weather when the protection and amenities of such shelter are deemed essential;
(v) Within 25 feet of any stream; and
(4) No person shall backcountry camp more than two (2) consecutive nights at a single location. The term “location” shall mean that particular campsite and the surrounding area within a two hundred fifty (250) yard radius of that campsite.
(b) Powerless flight. The use of devices designed to carry persons through the air in powerless flight is allowed at times and locations designated by the superintendent, pursuant to the terms and conditions of a permit.
(c) Sanitation. (1) The possession of food or beverage in discardable glass containers is prohibited in the backcountry.
(2) Except in comfort facilities provided therefor, no person in the backcountry shall urinate or defecate within ten (10) yards of any stream, trail, unpaved road or park facility. Fecal material must be placed in a hole and be covered with not less than three (3) inches of soil.
§ 7.16   Yosemite National Park.
(a) Fishing —(1) Open season and limit of catch. The open season for fishing and the daily bag limit and possession limit shall conform to that of the State of California for the Central Sierra Region, except as otherwise provided by paragraph (k) of this section.
(2)-(3) [Reserved]
(4) Fishing from horseback. Fishing from horseback in any lake or stream is prohibited.
(5) Gathering or securing grubs. Gathering or securing grubs for bait through the destruction or tearing apart of down trees or logs within sight of roads, trails or inhabited areas is prohibited.
(b) Closed roads. (1) The road between Hetch Hetchy Dam and Lake Eleanor is closed to all motor vehicle travel except vehicles belonging to the United States Government, the State of California, or the City of San Francisco, California.
(2) [Reserved]
(c) Powerless flight. The use of devices designed to carry persons through the air in powerless flight is allowed at times and locations designated by the superintendent, pursuant to the terms and conditions of a permit.
(d) [Reserved]
(e) Camping. (1) Camping is permitted in Yosemite National Park for not more than a total of 30 days in any calendar year: Provided, however, That during the period from June 1 to September 15, inclusive, camping within the Yosemite Valley is limited to not more than a total of 7 days and camping within all other portions of the park, during the same period, is limited to not more than a total of 14 days.
(2) Quiet shall be maintained at all camps between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m.
(f)-(g) [Reserved]
(h) Regulations governing eating and drinking establishments and sale of food and drink. (1) No restaurant, coffee shop, cafeteria, short order cafe, lunch room, tavern, sandwich stand, soda fountain, or other eating and drinking establishment, including kitchens, or other place in which food and drink is prepared for sale elsewhere, may be operated on any privately-owned lands within Yosemite National Park unless a permit for the operation thereof has first been secured from the Superintendent.
(2) The Superintendent will issue such a permit only after an inspection of the premises to be licensed by the County Health Officer and written notice that the premises comply with the substantive requirements of State and County health laws and ordinances which would apply to the premises if the privately-owned lands were not subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
(3) The Superintendent or his duly authorized representative shall have the right of inspection at all reasonable times for the purpose of ascertaining whether eating and drinking establishments are being operated in a sanitary manner.
(4) No fee will be charged for the issuance of such a permit.
(5) The applicant or permittee may appeal to the Regional Director, National Park Service, from any final action of the Superintendent refusing, conditioning or revoking the permit. Such an appeal, in writing, shall be filed within twenty days after receipt of notice by the applicant or permittee of the action appealed from. Any final decision of the Regional Director may be appealed to the Director of the National Park Service within 15 days after receipt of notice by the applicant or permittee of the Regional Director's decision.
(6) The revocable permit for eating and drinking establishments and sale of food and drink authorized in this paragraph to be issued by the Superintendent shall contain general regulatory provisions as hereinafter set forth, and will include such special conditions as the Superintendent may deem necessary to cover existing local circumstances, and shall be in a form substantially as follows:
Permission is hereby granted ____________of ________________, during the period from ________________ 19____ to ________________ 19____, inclusive to operate a
Issued at ____________ this __________ day of ________________, 19____.
Two witnesses to signature(s):
1 Sign name or names as written in body of permit; for copartnership, permittees should sign as “Members of firm”; for corporation, the officer authorized to execute contracts, etc., should sign, with title, the sufficiency of such signature being attested by the secretary, with corporate seal, in lieu of witnesses.
1. Permittee shall exercise this privilege subject to the supervision of the Superintendent of the Park and shall comply with the regulations of the Secretary of the Interior governing the Park.
2. Any building or structure used for the purpose of conducting the business herein permitted shall be kept in a safe, sanitary and sightly condition.
3. Permittee shall dispose of brush and other refuse from the business herein permitted as required by the Superintendent.
4. Permittee shall pay to the United States for any damage resulting to Government-owned property from the operation of the business herein permitted.
5. Permittee, his agents, and employees shall take all reasonable precautions to prevent forest fires and shall assist the Superintendent to extinguish forest fires within the vicinity of the place of business herein permitted, and in the preservation of good order within the vicinity of the business operations herein permitted.
6. Failure of the permittee to comply with all State and County substantive laws and ordinances applicable to eating and drinking establishments and the sale of food and drink, or to comply with any law or any regulations of the Secretary of the Interior governing the Park, or with the conditions imposed by this permit, will be grounds for revocation of this permit.
7. No disorderly conduct shall be permitted on the premises.
8. This permit may not be transferred or assigned without the consent, in writing, of the Superintendent.
9. Neither Members of, nor Delegates to Congress, or Resident Commissioners, officers, agents, or employees of the Department of the Interior shall be admitted to any share or part of this permit or derive directly or indirectly, any pecuniary benefit arising therefrom.
10. The following special provisions are made a part of this permit:
(i) Motorboats. Motorboats are prohibited on all the natural lakes and streams of Yosemite National Park.
(j) Domestic water supplies and sewage disposal systems —(1) Sewage disposal systems —(i) Construction. Any dwelling or establishment constructed on privately owned land within Yosemite National Park for the purpose of housing one or more persons must be served by an approved sewage disposal system prior to occupancy. Such system may not be initially constructed or rebuilt without a permit issued by the Superintendent. Such permit shall be issued only after the receipt by the Superintendent of written notification by the County Health Officer that the plans for such construction or reconstruction are consistent with the requirements of the State and county health laws and ordinances applicable to systems not located on lands within the park.
(ii) Existing systems. Any sewage disposal system which was constructed and was in use prior to the effective date of this regulation shall be subject to inspection by the County Health Officer or his duly authorized representative for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not such existing sewage disposal system would meet the requirements of the State and county health laws and ordinances were such system not located on lands within the park. In the event such existing system is found by the Health Officer to be substandard and a hazard to health, the person, corporation, or other organization controlling the structure served by such system shall have one (1) year after service of a written notice by the Superintendent to comply with the requirements of the State and county health laws and ordinances. Such notice shall describe briefly the deficiency as noted by the County Health Officer and shall specify what steps must be taken to achieve conformity with health regulations. In the event the deficiency described in the notice is not remedied within the period set forth above, the structures affected by or served by such sewage system shall be deemed unfit for human habitation and shall be vacated until such deficiency is remedied and a certificate of approval is filed with the Superintendent.
(2) Water supply facilities —(i) Construction of new facilities. Domestic water supply facilities for the use of two (2) or more families or for use of the general public may not be constructed, installed, or reconstructed on the privately owned land within Yosemite National Park unless the plans for such facilities are consistent with the requirements of State and county health laws and ordinances which would be applicable if such water supply facilities were located on privately owned lands outside of the park. Facilities for such a new water supply system shall not be constructed or reconstructed without a permit issued by the Superintendent. A permit will be issued only after the receipt by the Superintendent of written notification by the County Health Officer that the plans for the construction or reconstruction of the water supply system are consistent with the requirements of the State and county health laws and ordinances applicable to structures and establishments located outside of the park.
(ii) Existing systems. All water supply systems for the use of two (2) or more families or for use by the general public, regardless of size and whether or not constructed and in use prior to the effective date of this regulation, shall be subject to inspection from time to time by the County Health Officer or his duly authorized representative for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not such water supply systems meet the requirements of the State and county health laws and ordinances. In the event any existing system is found by the Health Officer to be substandard and a hazard to health, the person, corporation, or other organization controlling the premises served by such system shall have one (1) year after service of a written notice by the Superintendent to comply with the requirements of the State and county health laws and ordinances. Such notice shall describe briefly the deficiency as noted by the County Health Officer and shall specify what steps must be taken to achieve conformity with health regulations. In the event the deficiency described by the notice is not remedied within the period set forth above, the structures affected by such deficiency shall be considered unfit for human habitation and shall be vacated until such deficiency is remedied and certificate of approval by the County Health Officer is filed with the Superintendent.
(3) Inspection. The County Health Officer or his duly authorized representative shall have the right of inspection for the purpose of ascertaining whether domestic water supplies and sewage disposal systems located on privately owned lands within Yosemite National Park meet State and county health standards. Inspection may be made by the County Health Officer to assure that construction of such systems, and facilities as may be built, rebuilt, or installed complies with approved plans.
(4) Issuance of permits. Permits for the construction or reconstruction of sewage or water supply systems shall be issued without charge by the Superintendent after written notification by the County Health Officer that the plans and specifications for any proposed system are deemed to be in conformity with the requirements of the State and county health laws and ordinances. Any applicant or permittee aggrieved by an action of the Superintendent in refusing or in conditioning a permit for the construction or reconstruction of a sewage disposal or a water supply system may appeal to the Regional Director, National Park Service. Such appeal shall be filed in writing within 20 days after receipt of notice by the applicant or permittee of the action of the Superintendent. A final decision of the Regional Director may be similarly appealed to the Director of the National Park Service within 15 days after receipt of notice by the applicant or permittee of the Regional Director's decision.
(5) Permits. Permit to construct or reconstruct domestic water facilities or a sewage disposal system authorized to be issued by the Superintendent in this paragraph shall contain general regulatory provisions as hereinafter set forth and may include such special conditions as the Superintendent deems necessary. A permit shall be in a form substantially as follows:
Permission is hereby granted __________ of __________ to construct, build, or rebuild a ____________________________________ (Specify water system, sewage disposal system) on the following described privately owned lands within Yosemite National Park, over which the United States exercises exclusive jurisdiction ________________________________________ subject to the general provisions and any special conditions stated on the reverse hereof.
Issued at ____________ this ______________ day of __________________, 19____.
The undersigned hereby accepts this permit subject to the terms, covenants, obligations, and reservations, expressed or implied therein.
1 Sign name or names as written in body of permit; for copartnership, permittees should sign as “Members of firm”; for corporation the officer authorized to execute contracts etc., should sign, with title, the sufficiency of such signature being attested by the secretary, with corporate seal, in lieu of witnesses
1. Permittee shall construct, build, or rebuild a domestic water system and/or a sewage disposal system in accordance with the standards of the Mariposa County Health Department.
2. Permittee shall not occupy constructed dwelling or establishment until completion of a bona fide, operational sewage disposal system.
3. Failure of the permittee to comply with all State and county laws and ordinances applicable to domestic water supplies and the disposal of sewage, including household waste, or with the conditions imposed by this permit will be grounds for requiring the permittee to vacate the dwelling or establishment until compliance.
4. Permittee shall take all reasonable precautions to prevent forest fires and shall assist the Superintendent to extinguish forest fires within the vicinity of the structure herein permitted.
5. This permit may not be transferred or assigned without the consent, in writing, of the Superintendent.
6. The following special provisions are made a part of this permit:
(k) Skelton Lakes and Delaney Creek from its beginning at the outlet of the lower Skelton Lake to its interception with the Tuolumne Meadows—Young Lakes Trail, are closed to all public fishing.
(l) Motor vehicles driven or moved upon a park road must be registered and properly display current license plates. Such registration may be with a State or other appropriate authority or, in the case of motor vehicles operated exclusively on park roads, with the superintendent. An annual registration fee of $6 will be charged for vehicles registered with the superintendent which are not connected with the operation of the park.
(m) Trucking. (1) The fees for special trucking permits issued in emergencies pursuant to paragraph (b) of § 5.6 of this chapter shall be based on the licensed capacity of trucks, trailers, or semitrailers, as follows:
(i) The fee charged is for one round trip between any two park entrances provided such trip is made within one 24-hour period; otherwise the fee is for a one-way trip.
(ii) Trucks carrying bona fide park visitors and/or their luggage or camping equipment may enter the park upon payment of the regular recreation fees.
(2) The fee provided in paragraph (m)(1) of this section also shall apply to permits which the superintendent may issue for trucking through one park entrance to and from privately owned lands contiguous to the park boundaries, except that such fee shall be considered an annual vehicle fee covering the use of park roads between the point of access to such property and the nearest park exit connecting with a State or county road.
§ 7.17   Cuyahoga Valley National Park.
(a) Alcoholic beverages —(1) Possession. The possession or consumption of a bottle, can, or other receptacle containing an alcoholic beverage which has been opened, a seal broken, or the contents of which have been partially removed is prohibited, except in residences or other areas specifically authorized by the superintendent as to time and place.
(2) Definition—Alcoholic beverages. Any liquid beverage containing 1/2 of 1 percent or more of alcohol by weight.
(b) Bicycles. (1) The Superintendent may authorize bicycle use on all or portions of each of the following trails:
(i) East Rim (approximately 10 miles);
(ii) Old Carriage Connector Trail (approximately 0.35 miles); and
(iii) Highland Connector Trail (approximately 1.0 mile).
(2) After trail construction is complete:
(i) To authorize bicycle use, the Superintendent must make a written determination that:
(A) The trail is open for public use; and
(B) Bicycle use is consistent with the protection of the park area's natural, scenic and aesthetic values, safety considerations, and management objectives, and will not disturb wildlife or park resources.
(ii) The Superintendent will provide public notice of all such actions through one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7 of this chapter.
(3) The Superintendent may open or close authorized trails, or portions thereof, or impose conditions or restrictions for bicycle use after taking into consideration public health and safety, natural and cultural resource protection, and other management activities and objectives.
(i) The Superintendent will provide public notice of all such actions through one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7 of this chapter.
(ii) Violating a closure, condition, or restriction is prohibited.
§ 7.18   Hot Springs National Park.
(a) Commercial Vehicles. Permits shall be required for the operation of commercial passenger-carrying vehicles, including taxicabs, carrying passengers for hire over park roads for sightseeing purposes. The fees for such permits shall be as follows:
(1) Fleet operator; equipment that includes any combination of commercial passenger-carrying vehicles, including taxicabs. Calendar-year permit—$25.
(2) Bus operator; equipment limited to a single bus-type vehicle with passenger-carrying seat capacity in excess of eight persons. Calendar-year permit—$20.
(3) Taxicab operator; equipment limited to a single vehicle with a capacity of not over eight passenger-carrying seats. Calendar-year permit—$12.
(4) The fees for permits issued for commercial passenger-carrying vehicle operations starting on or after July 1 of each calendar year will be one-half of the respective rates mentioned in paragraphs (a)(1), (2), and (3) of this section.
(b) Use of water. The taking or carrying away of water, hot or cold, from any of the springs, fountains, or other sources of supply in Hot Springs National Park for the purpose of sale, or for any use other than personal drinking, is prohibited.
(c) Bicycle use. (1) The Superintendent may designate all or a portion of the following trail as open to bicycle use:
(i) Pullman Avenue Trail Connection (full length of the trail approximately 0.65 miles).
(ii) [Reserved]
(2) A map showing trails open to bicycle use will be available at park visitor centers and posted on the park website. The Superintendent will provide notice of all trails designated for bicycle use in accordance with § 1.7 of this chapter. The Superintendent may limit, restrict, or impose conditions on bicycle use, or close any trail to bicycle use, or terminate such conditions, closures, limits, or restrictions in accordance with § 4.30 of this chapter.
§ 7.19   Canyon de Chelly National Monument.
(a) Visitors are prohibited from entering the canyons of Canyon de Chelly National Monument unless accompanied by National Park Service employees or by authorized guides: Provided, however, That the Superintendent may designate, by marking on a map which shall be available for public inspection in the Office of the Superintendent and at other convenient locations within the monument, canyons or portions thereof which may be visited or entered without being so accompanied.
(b) The Superintendent may issue permits to properly qualified persons to act as guides for the purpose of accompanying visitors within the canyons.
§ 7.20   Fire Island National Seashore.
(a) Operation of motor vehicles —(1) Definitions. The following definitions shall apply to all provisions of this paragraph (a):
(i) “Act” means the Act of September 11, 1964 (Pub. L. 88-587, 78 Stat. 928, 16 U.S.C. 459e et seq. ), or as the same may be amended or supplemented, which authorizes the establishment of the Seashore.
(ii) “Seashore lands” means any lands or interests in lands owned or hereafter acquired by the United States within the authorized boundaries of the Seashore. It shall also mean any lands or interests in lands owned by the United States which are on the island, outside the authorized boundaries of the Seashore, and managed for recreational purposes by the National Park Service pursuant to an agreement with another Federal agency.
(iii) “Island” means the entirety of Fire Island, New York; without regard for property ownership, jurisdiction, or the boundaries of Fire Island National Seashore.
(iv) “Mainland” means the land of Long Island, N.Y.
(v) “Motor vehicle” means a device which is self-propelled by internal combustion or electrical energy and in, upon, or by which any person or material is or may be transported on land.
(vi) “Dune crossing” means an access route over a primary dune which has been designated and appropriately posted.
(vii) “Public utility vehicle” means any motor vehicle operated and owned or leased by a public utility or public service company franchised or licensed to supply, on the island, electricity, water, or telephone service, while that vehicle is in use for supplying such service.
(viii) “Year-round residents” means those persons who are legally domiciled on the island and who, in addition, physically reside in their fixed and permanent homes on the island continuously, except for brief and occasional absences, for 12 months of the year.
(ix) “Part-time residents” means those persons who physically and continuously reside in their homes on the Island for less than 12 months of the year.
(x) “Essential service vehicle” means any motor vehicle other than a public utility vehicle whose use on the Island is essential to the continued use of residences on the Island. This may include vehicles used for the following purposes, while in use for such purposes:
(A) Transporting heating fuel and bottled gas.
(B) Sanitation or refuse removal.
(xi) “Official vehicle” means any motor vehicle operated and owned or leased by a Federal, State, or local governmental agency, except for law enforcement vehicles and fire fighting apparatus, while that vehicle is being used to transact the official business of that agency.
(xii) “Construction and business vehicle” means any motor vehicle other than a public utility vehicle or essential service vehicle involved in construction, maintenance, or repair of structures on the Island or the transportation of materials or supplies to retail business establishments on the Island.
(2) Routes for motor vehicle travel. No motor vehicle may be operated on Seashore lands except on routes designated for that purpose and subject to the limitations of this paragraph (a). The following are the routes for off-road motor vehicle travel on Seashore lands, which shall be designated on a map available at the office of the Superintendent or by the posting of signs where appropriate:
(i) Along the Atlantic Ocean on the south shore of Fire Island, within the Seashore boundaries between the water's edge and 20 feet seaward of the beach grass ( Ammophila breviligata ) line. If the water is higher than this 20-foot line, no vehicle travel is permitted.
(ii) A 1-mile route in the interior of the Island, crossing the “Lighthouse Tract” from the easterly end of the paved road in Robert Moses State Park to the eastern boundary of the Tract, which is the western boundary of the community of Lighthouse Shores-Kismet Park.
(iii) An interior route which extends intermittently the length of the island, commonly referred to as the “Burma Road,” for limited travel by public utility and law enforcement vehicles and fire fighting apparatus.
(iv) Posted dune crossings from the beach to the “Burma Road” or to pathways within the island communities.
(3) Alternative means of transportation. In providing for access to the island, the Superintendent shall require maximum possible reliance on those means of transportation which are other than private motor vehicles and which have the minimum feasible impact on Seashore lands. As used in this paragraph (a), the term “alternative transportation” shall mean a waterborne conveyance that is licensed for hire and that provides a reasonable means of transportation between the mainland and the island. Such alternative transportation shall be deemed to exist for each particular factual situation in which:
(i) The schedule of the transportation service in question permits departure from an island terminal before 9 a.m. and departure from a mainland terminal after 5 p.m. on the same day; and
(ii) When the interval between the earliest and latest service provided by the transportation service in question on any day exceeds 8 hours, such service provides at least one round trip between the mainland and the island during that interval; and
(iii) The island transportation terminal in question is no more than one mile from the point of origin or destination on the island or from a point on the island to which access by motor vehicle is permitted; and
(iv) The mode of transportation in question is adequate to carry the person or object to be transported.
(4) Permit required. No motor vehicle, other than a piece of firefighting apparatus or a motor vehicle operated and owned or leased by a duly constituted law enforcement agency having jurisdiction within the Seashore, shall be operated on Seashore lands without a valid permit issued by the Superintendent.
(5) Permit eligibility. Any person, firm, partnership, corporation, organization, or agency falling within the categories listed below may apply to the Superintendent for a permit, using a form to be supplied for that purpose. The following will be eligible to submit permit applications:
(i) Those persons who are year-round residents.
(ii) Those persons who held part-time permits prior to January 1, 1978.
(iii) Those persons, firms, partnerships, corporations, organizations, or agencies which provide services essential to public facilities and the occupancy of residences on the Island.
(iv) Those persons who desire access by motor vehicle to Seashore lands in order to engage in fishing or hunting thereon, provided such access is compatible with conservation and preservation of Seashore resources.
(v) Those owners of estates in real property located on the Island who have a demonstrated need for temporary access to that property on days when there is no alternative transportation.
(vi) Holders of reserved rights of use and occupancy.
(6) Standards for issuance of permits. Permits will not be issued for the convenience of travel on Seashore lands. The Superintendent shall approve an application for a motor vehicle permit with appropriate limitations and restrictions or deny the application, in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph (a). Permits will be issued only for those motor vehicles whose travel on Seashore lands is deemed by the Superintendent to be essential to the management or enjoyment of Seashore resources, or to the occupancy of residences or the ownership of real property on the island. In making this determination, the Superintendent shall consider the purposes of the Act in providing for the conservation and preservation of the natural resources of the Seashore and for the enjoyment of these resources by the public; the scope and purpose of such travel; the availability of alternative transportation on the day or days when the applicant for a permit requests to travel on Seashore lands; the present or past issuance of other permits to the applicant; any limitations on numbers of permits established pursuant to paragraph (a)(8); and, in the case of public utility, service, and official vehicles, the feasibility of basing such vehicles and related equipment on the island rather than the mainland.
(7) Vehicle restrictions. Any motor vehicle whose owner or operator has been found to qualify for a permit, according to the standards set forth in paragraphs (a) (5) and (6), must, prior to the issuance of such permit:
(i) Have a valid permit or other authorization for operation on the island issued by the local government agency or agencies within whose jurisdiction the travel is to be performed, if such permission or authorization is required by such agency or agencies.
(ii) Be capable of four-wheel drive operation.
(iii) Have a rated gross vehicle weight not in excess of 10,000 pounds, unless the use of a larger vehicle will result in a reduction of overall motor vehicle travel.
(iv) Meet the requirements of § 4.10(c)(3) of this chapter and conform to all applicable State laws regarding licensing, registration, inspection, insurance, and required equipment.
(8) Limitations on number of permits. (i) The Superintendent may limit the total number of permits for motor vehicle travel on Seashore lands, and/or limit the number of permits issued for each category of eligible applicants listed in paragraph (a)(5) of this section as the Superintendent deems necessary for resource protection, public safety, or visitor enjoyment. In establishing or revising such limits, the Superintendent shall consider such factors as the type of use or purpose for which travel is authorized, the availability of other means of transportation, limits established by local jurisdictions, historic patterns of use, conflicts with other users, existing multiple permits held by individuals or a household, aesthetic and scenic values, visitor uses, safety, soil, weather, erosion, terrain, wildlife, vegetation, noise, and management capabilities. A revision of these limitations shall be published as a rule in the Federal Register except in emergency situations when closures may be imposed in accordance with the provisions of § 1.5 and § 1.7 of this chapter.
(ii) Limitations on permits for motor vehicle travel on Seashore lands, according to eligible applicant category, are as follows:
(A) Year-round residents. No more than 145 permits at any time are issued to year-round residents. A year-round resident who is denied a permit because the limit has been reached is placed on a waiting list. When the number of outstanding permits drops below 145, permits are issued in order of the date of receipt of the application. When multiple applications are received on the same day, priority is given to persons both living and working full time on the Island. One year-round resident permit is allowed per household. Permit applications are mailed by the Superintendent by December 1 of each year to those year-round residents eligible to renew their permit. The deadline for receipt of completed applications is January 31 of the permit year. Applications received after January 31 are not considered as renewals of existing permits. Should the 145 limit be reached, late applications are placed at the end of the waiting list.
(B) Part-time residents. Permits are issued only to part-time residents who held a residential permit as of January 1, 1978. No more than 100 part-time resident permits are issued. A part-time resident who becomes a year-round resident is eligible to apply for a year-round resident permit in accordance with paragraph (a)(8)(ii)(A) of this section. A year-round resident permit holder as of January 1, 1978, who no longer qualifies as a year-round resident, may be eligible to obtain a part-time resident permit as long as the 100 limit is not exceeded and the part-time resident definition is satisfied.
(C) Holders of reserved rights of use and occupancy. A holder of a reserved right of use and occupancy, or a lessee thereof, occupying a property acquired by the National Park Service in the eight-mile area described in the Act, is issued a permit consistent with the terms under which the right of use and occupancy is retained.
(D) Public utility and essential service vehicles. No more than 30 permits at any time are issued to public utility and essential service vehicles. After consultation with the property owners' association of the appropriate unincorporated community or the village clerk for the Villages of Ocean Beach and Saltaire, the Superintendent may apportion permits to allow minimal service needs to each community.
(E) Construction and business vehicles. No more than 80 permits at any time are issued to construction and business vehicles. An operator of a construction or business vehicle who is denied a permit because the limit has been reached is placed on a waiting list. When the number of outstanding permits drops below 80, permits are issued in order of the date of receipt of the application. An operator of a construction or business vehicle may apply for either a 30-day-per-job permit or a one-year letter permit. Only a year-round construction firm or a year-round business is eligible for a one-year letter permit and only as long as the firm or business remains in year-round operation. Notwithstanding possession of either a 30-day permit or a one-year letter permit, when water transportation is available, a firm or business shall accomplish all transportation of materials, supplies, and crews by use of the nearest available ferry, freight, or other overwater transportation method. When water transportation is available, vehicles permitted under a 30-day permit may remain at the job site but must be removed upon the completion of the job.
(F) Municipal employees. A year-round resident who is a full-time employee of one of the two villages or of one of the 15 unincorporated communities identified in the Act is eligible for a permit if such employment necessitates year-round Island residence. Five (5) municipal employee permits are available for each village or community except on the basis of documented community need.
(G) Recreational vehicles. Recreational vehicles may travel between Smith Point and Long Cove along the route described in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section. A total of 5000 one-way trips per year are available for the recreational vehicle category. Permits for recreational vehicles may be obtained from the Smith Point Visitor Center. Annual recreational vehicle trip counts commence in September of each year and conclude the following June or when the 5000 trip limit is reached, whichever occurs first.
(9) Permit limitations. (i) No permit issued under these regulations shall be valid for more than one year. The superintendent may issue permits for lesser periods, as appropriate for the travel required or the time of year at which a permit is issued.
(ii) Permits for public utility, service, and official vehicles shall specify the number of vehicles and identify each vehicle whose use is authorized thereby. Permits for other motor vehicles will apply only to the single, specific vehicle for which issued.
(iii) Permits are not transferable to another motor vehicle or to a new owner or lessee of the vehicle for which issued.
(iv) Permits may specify a single or multiple uses or purposes for which travel on Seashore lands is permitted. The limitations and restrictions on authorized travel set forth in paragraph (a)(10) of this section shall apply, however, depending upon the specific use or purpose for which a permitted motor vehicle is being utilized at the time of travel.
(v) Permits may contain such other limitations or conditions as the Superintendent deems necessary for resource protection, public safety, or visitor enjoyment. Limitations may include, but will not be limited to, restrictions on locations where vehicle travel is authorized and times, dates, or frequency of travel, in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph (a).
(10) Authorized travel. (i) Except as specifically provided elsewhere in this paragraph (a)(10), travel across Seashore lands by motor vehicles with valid permits will be authorized only on those days in which the island location, which is the point of origin or destination of travel or is another point to which access by motor vehicle is permitted, is not served by alternative transportation.
(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(10)(iii) of this section, on any day on which travel by motor vehicle is authorized due to a lack of alternative transportation, travel shall be limited to not more than one round trip per vehicle per day between the mainland and the Island, and may be performed at any time except the following periods:
(A) From 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. on all Saturdays, Sundays, and national holidays from May 1 through June 13 and from September 15 through October 31.
(B) From 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. on all weekdays, and from 6 p.m. Friday to 9 a.m. the following Monday on all weekends, from June 14 through September 14.
(iii) Exceptions. (A) From the Monday after Labor Day through the Friday before Memorial Day, a year-round resident may make no more than two round trips per day for residential purposes.
(B) The Seashore is closed to all recreational vehicles from January 1 through March 31 and from June 14 through September 14. During the periods when the Seashore is open for recreational vehicle traffic, an operator of a recreational vehicle may make no more than two round trips per day. On weekend days in September and October, a recreational vehicle may enter the Island until 9:00 a.m. A recreational vehicle that has entered the Island may then remain or may depart but may not re-enter the Island until after 6:00 p.m.
(iv) The Superintendent may, for situations where the restrictions in paragraph (a)(10)(ii) would create a severe hardship, authorize additional trips or travel at other hours.
(v) In the case of public utility, service, and official vehicles for which permits have been issued, the Superintendent may authorize travel on Seashore lands at any time that he determines travel by such vehicles is essential, notwithstanding the above limitations and restrictions on authorized travel.
(vi) Recurring travel conducted pursuant to paragraph (a)(10) (iv) or (v) of this section is authorized only pursuant to the terms and conditions of the original permit issued by the Superintendent; single occasion travel is authorized only pursuant to the terms and conditions of a permit issued by the Superintendent on a case by case basis.
(vii) In an emergency involving the protection of life or a threatened substantial loss of property, travel by a motor vehicle which is under permit is authorized at any time.
(viii) The Superintendent may suspend any travel by motor vehicle otherwise permitted under this paragraph (a) when in his judgment such travel is inconsistent with the purpose of the Act or when such factors as weather, tides, or other physical conditions render travel hazardous or would endanger Seashore resources. Such suspension of travel shall be announced by the posting of appropriate signs or verbal order of the Superintendent.
(ix) In accordance with the procedures set forth in § 1.5 of this chapter, the Superintendent may establish a limit on the number of motor vehicles permitted on any portion of, or the entirety of, the Seashore lands at any one time when such limits are required in the interests of public safety, protection of the resources of the area, or coordination with other visitor uses.
(x) The provisions of this paragraph (a)(10) shall not apply to firefighting apparatus or to motor vehicles operated and owned or leased by a duly constituted law enforcement agency having jurisdiction within the Seashore.
(11) Rules of travel. (i) When two motor vehicles approach from opposite directions in the same track on Seashore lands, both operators shall reduce speed and the operator with the water to his left shall yield the right of way by turning out of the track to the right.
(ii) No motor vehicle shall be operated on any portion of a dune on Seashore lands except at dune crossings.
(iii) No person shall operate a motor vehicle on Seashore lands at a speed in excess of 20 miles per hour.
(iv) The speed of any motor vehicle being operated on Seashore lands shall be reduced to five miles per hour upon approaching or passing within 100 feet of any person not in a motor vehicle, or when passing through or over any dune crossings.
(12) Violations. (i) Failure to comply with the conditions of any permit issued pursuant to this paragraph will constitute a violation of these regulations.
(ii) In addition to any penalty required by § 1.3(a) of this chapter for a violation of regulations in this paragraph, the Superintendent may suspend or revoke the permit of a motor vehicle involved in such a violation.
(b) Operation of Seaplane and Amphibious Aircraft. (1) Aircraft may be operated on the waters of the Great South Bay and the Atlantic Ocean within the boundaries of Fire Island National Seashore, except as restricted in § 2.17 of this chapter and by the provisions of paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
(2) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, the waters of the Great South Bay and the Atlantic Ocean within the boundaries of Fire Island National Seashore are closed to take-offs, landings, beachings, approaches or other aircraft operations at the following locations:
(i) Within 1000 feet of any shoreline, including islands.
(ii) Within 1000 feet of lands within the boundaries of the incorporated villages of Ocean Beach and Saltaire and the village of Seaview.
(3) Aircraft may taxi on routes perpendicular to the shoreline to and from docking facilities at the following locations:
(i) Kismet—located at approximate longitude 73° 12 1/2 ′ and approximate latitude 40° 38 1/2 ′.
(ii) Lonelyville—located at approximate longitude 73° 11′ and approximate latitude 40° 38 1/2 ′.
(iii) Atlantique—located at approximate longitude 73° 10 1/2 ′ and approximate latitude 40° 38 1/2 ′.
(iv) Fire Island Pines—located at approximate longitude 73° 04 1/2 ′ and approximate latitude 40° 40′.
(v) Water Island—located at approximate longitude 73° 02′ and approximate latitude 40° 40 1/2 ′.
(vi) Davis Park—located at approximate longitude 73° 00 1/2 ′ and approximate latitude 40° 41′.
(4) Aircraft operation in the vicinity of marinas, boats, boat docks, floats, piers, ramps, bird nesting areas, or bathing beaches must be performed with due caution and regard for persons and property and in accordance with any posted signs or uniform waterway markers.
(5) Aircraft are prohibited from landing or taking off from any land surfaces, any estuary, lagoon, marsh, pond, tidal flat, paved surface, or any waters temporarily covering a beach; except with prior authorization of the Superintendent. Permission shall be based on the need for emergency service, resource protection, resource management or law enforcement.
(6) Aircraft operations shall comply with all Federal, State and county ordinances and rules for operations as may be indicated in available navigation charts or other aids to aviation which are available for the Fire Island area.
(c) Information collection. The information collection requirements contained in this section have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1024-0026. This information is being collected in order for the superintendent to issue permits and grant administrative benefits. The obligation to respond is required in order to obtain a benefit.
(d) Personal watercraft. (1) Personal watercraft (PWC) may operate in the following locations and under the following conditions:
(i) Great South Bay from the western boundary of the national seashore adjacent to Robert Moses State Park, east to the western boundary of the Sunken Forest, excluding any area within 1,000 feet of the shoreline, except as provided in (ii), including the area surrounding East Fire Island and West Fire Island.
(ii) Navigation channels marked by buoys or identified on the NOAA navigational chart (12352) to include access channels to and from Fair Harbor, Dunewood, Lonelyville, Atlantique, Cherry Grove, Fire Island Pines, Davis Park, Moriches Inlet, Kismet, Saltaire, Ocean Beach, Ocean Bay Park, Point O'Woods, Oakleyville, and Water Island.
(iii) The Long Island Intracoastal Waterway within the park boundaries.
(iv) At “flat wake” speeds (maximum 6 mph) within designated marked channels to access town/community docks and harbors/marinas.
(2) The Superintendent may temporarily limit, restrict or terminate access to the areas designated for PWC use after taking into consideration public health and safety, natural and cultural resource protection, and other management activities and objectives.
§ 7.21   John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway.
(a)(1) What is the scope of this section? The regulations contained in paragraphs (a)(2) through (a)(17) of this section apply to the use of snowcoaches and recreational snowmobiles. Except where indicated, paragraphs (a)(2) through (a)(15) do not apply to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(2) What terms do I need to know? The definitions in this paragraph (a)(2) also apply to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, and other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
Commercial guide means a guide who operates a snowmobile or snowcoach for a fee or compensation and is authorized to operate in the park under a concession contract. In this section, “guide” also means “commercial guide.”
Historic snowcoach means a Bombardier snowcoach manufactured in 1983 or earlier. Any other snowcoach is considered a non-historic snowcoach.
Oversnow route means that portion of the unplowed roadway located between the road shoulders and designated by snow poles or other poles, ropes, fencing, or signs erected to regulate oversnow activity. Oversnow routes include pullouts or parking areas that are groomed or marked similarly to roadways and are adjacent to designated oversnow routes. An oversnow route may also be distinguished by the interior boundaries of the berm created by the packing and grooming of the unplowed roadway. The only motorized vehicles permitted on oversnow routes are oversnow vehicles.
Oversnow vehicle means a snowmobile, snowcoach, or other motorized vehicle that is intended for travel primarily on snow and has been authorized by the Superintendent to operate in the park. An oversnow vehicle that does not meet the definition of a snowcoach must comply with all requirements applicable to snowmobiles.
Snowcoach means a self-propelled mass transit vehicle intended for travel on snow, having a curb weight of over 1,000 pounds (450 kilograms), driven by a track or tracks and steered by skis or tracks, and having a capacity of at least 8 passengers. A snowcoach has a maximum size of 102 inches wide, plus tracks (not to exceed 110 inches overall); a maximum length of 35 feet; and a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) not exceeding 25,000 pounds.
Snowmobile means a self-propelled vehicle intended for travel on snow, with a curb weight of not more than 1,000 pounds (450 kg), driven by a track or tracks in contact with the snow, and which may be steered by a ski or skis in contact with the snow.
Snowplane means a self-propelled vehicle intended for oversnow travel and driven by an air-displacing propeller.
(3) May I operate a snowmobile in the Parkway? You may operate a snowmobile in the Parkway in compliance with use limits, guiding requirements, operating hours and dates, equipment, and operating conditions established under this section. The Superintendent may establish additional operating conditions and will provide notice of those conditions in accordance with § 1.7(a) of this chapter or in the Federal Register.
(4) May I operate a snowcoach in the Parkway? Snowcoaches may only be operated in the Parkway under a concessions contract. Snowcoach operation is subject to the conditions stated in the concessions contract and all other conditions identified in this section.
(5) Where may I operate my snowmobile in the Parkway? (i) You may operate your snowmobile only upon designated oversnow routes established within the Parkway in accordance with § 2.18(c) of this chapter. The following oversnow routes are so designated for snowmobile use:
(A) On U.S. Highway 89/191/287 from Flagg Ranch to the northern boundary of the Parkway.
(B) Grassy Lake Road from Flagg Ranch to the western boundary of the Parkway.
(C) Flagg Ranch developed area.
(ii) The Superintendent may open or close these routes, or portions thereof, for snowmobile travel after taking into consideration the location of wintering wildlife, appropriate snow cover, public safety, and other factors. The Superintendent will provide notice of such opening or closing by one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(iii) The route described in paragraph (a)(5)(i)(A) of this section is subject to the air and sound emissions requirements, guiding requirements, and daily entry limits described in § 7.13(l) of this part.
(iv) This paragraph (a)(5) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(v) Maps detailing the designated oversnow routes will be available from Park Headquarters.
(6) What routes are designated for snowcoach use? (i) Authorized snowcoaches may only be operated on the routes designated for snowmobile use in paragraphs (a)(6)(i)(A) and (C) of this section. No other routes are open to snowcoach use, except as provided in (a)(6)(ii) of this section.
(ii) The Superintendent may open or close these oversnow routes, or portions thereof, or designate new routes for snowcoach travel after taking into consideration the location of wintering wildlife, appropriate snow cover, public safety, and other factors. The Superintendent will provide notice of such opening or closing by one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(iii) The routes described in paragraph (a)(6)(i) of this section are subject to the air and sound emissions requirements and daily entry limits in § 7.13(l) of this part.
(iv) This paragraph (a)(6) also applies to non-administrative snowcoach use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(7) Must I travel with a commercial guide while snowmobiling in the Parkway? Except as may be required under paragraph (a)(5)(iii) of this section, you are not required to use a guide while snowmobiling in the Parkway.
(8) Are there limits established for the numbers of snowmobiles and snowcoaches permitted to operate in the Parkway each day? (i) A limit of 25 snowmobiles per day applies to the Grassy Lake Road.
(ii) The daily entry limits for snowmobiles and snowcoaches on the route from Flagg Ranch to the South Entrance of Yellowstone are established in § 7.13(l) of this part.
(9) When may I operate my snowmobile or snowcoach? The Superintendent will determine operating hours and dates. Except for emergency situations, any changes to operating hours will be made on an annual basis and the public will be notified of those changes through one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(10) What other conditions apply to the operation of oversnow vehicles? (i) The following are prohibited:
(A) Idling an oversnow vehicle more than 5 minutes at any one time.
(B) Driving an oversnow vehicle while the operator's motor vehicle license or privilege is suspended or revoked.
(C) Allowing or permitting an unlicensed driver to operate an oversnow vehicle.
(D) Driving an oversnow vehicle in willful or wanton disregard for the safety of persons, property, or parkway resources or otherwise in a reckless manner.
(E) Operating an oversnow vehicle without a lighted white headlamp and red taillight.
(F) Operating an oversnow vehicle that does not have brakes in good working order.
(G) Towing persons on skis, sleds or other sliding devices by oversnow vehicles, except in emergency situations.
(ii) The following are required:
(A) All oversnow vehicles that stop on designated routes must pull over to the far right and next to the snow berm. Pullouts must be used where available and accessible. Oversnow vehicles may not be stopped in a hazardous location or where the view might be obscured, or operated so slowly as to interfere with the normal flow of traffic.
(B) Oversnow vehicle drivers must possess a valid motor vehicle driver's license. A learner's permit does not satisfy this requirement. The license must be carried by the driver at all times.
(C) Equipment sleds towed by a snowmobile must be pulled behind the snowmobile and fastened to the snowmobile with a rigid hitching mechanism.
(D) Snowmobiles must be properly registered and display a valid registration from the United States or Canada.
(iii) The Superintendent may impose other terms and conditions as necessary to protect park resources, visitors, or employees. The Superintendent will notify the public of any changes through one or more methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(iv) This paragraph (a)(10) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(11) What conditions apply to alcohol use while operating an oversnow vehicle? In addition to 36 CFR 4.23, the following conditions apply:
(i) Operating or being in actual physical control of an oversnow vehicle is prohibited when the driver is under 21 years of age and the alcohol concentration in the driver's blood or breath is 0.02 grams or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or 0.02 grams or more of alcohol per 210 liters of breath.
(ii) Operating or being in actual physical control of an oversnow vehicle is prohibited when the driver is a snowmobile guide or a snowcoach driver and the alcohol concentration in the operator's blood or breath is 0.04 grams or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or 0.04 grams or more of alcohol per 210 liters of breath.
(iii) This paragraph (a)(11) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(12) Do other NPS regulations apply to the use of oversnow vehicles? (i) The use of oversnow vehicles in the Parkway is subject to § 2.18(a), (b), and (c), but not to §§ 2.18(d), (e), and 2.19(b) of this chapter.
(ii) This paragraph (a)(12) also applies to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(13) Are there any forms of non-motorized oversnow transportation allowed in the Parkway? (i) Non-motorized travel consisting of skiing, skating, snowshoeing, or walking is permitted unless otherwise restricted under this section or other NPS regulations.
(ii) The Superintendent may designate areas of the Parkway as closed, reopen such areas, or establish terms and conditions for non-motorized travel within the Parkway in order to protect visitors, employees, or park resources. Notice will be made in accordance with § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(14) May I operate a snowplane in the Parkway? The operation of a snowplane in the Parkway is prohibited.
(15) Is violating any of the provisions of this section prohibited? (i) Violating any of the terms, conditions or requirements of paragraphs (a)(3) through (a)(14) of this section is prohibited.
(ii) Anyone who violates any of the terms, conditions or requirements of this regulation will be considered to have committed one separate offense for each term, condition or requirement that they violate.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 7.22   Grand Teton National Park.
(a) Aircraft—Designated airstrip. (1) Jackson Airport, located in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 10, SE 1/4 and S 1/2 SW 1/4 sec. 11, S 1/2 and NW 1/4 sec. 14, NW 1/4 NE 1/4 and E 1/2 NE 1/4 sec. 15, T. 42 N., R. 116 W., 6th Principal Meridian.
(2) [Reserved]
(b) Fishing. (1) The following waters are closed to fishing: The Snake River for a distance of 150 feet below the downstream face of Jackson Lake Dam; Swan Lake; Sawmill Ponds; Hedrick's Pond; Christian Ponds; and Cottonwood Creek from the outlet of Jenny Lake downstream to the Saddle Horse Concession Bridge.
(2) Fishing from any bridge or boat dock is prohibited.
(3) Bait: (i) The use or possession of fish eggs or fish for bait is prohibited on or along the shores of all park waters, except:
(ii) It is permissible to possess or use the following dead, non-game fish as bait on or along the shores of Jackson Lake:
(c) Stock grazing. (1) Privileges for the grazing of domestic livestock based on authorized use of certain areas at the time of approval of the Act of September 14, 1950 (64 Stat. 849, Pub. L. 787), shall continue in effect or shall be renewed from time to time, except for failure to comply with such terms and conditions as may be prescribed by the Superintendent in these regulations and after reasonable notice of default and subject to the following provisions of tenure:
(i) Grazing privileges appurtenant to privately owned lands located within the park shall not be withdrawn until title to the lands to which such privileges are appurtenant shall have vested in the United States except for failure to comply with the regulations applicable thereto after reasonable notice of default.
(ii) Grazing privileges appurtenant to privately owned lands located outside the park shall not be withdrawn for a period of twenty-five years after September 14, 1950, and thereafter shall continue during the lifetime of the original permittee and his heirs if they were members of his immediate family as described herein, except for failure to comply with the regulations applicable thereto after reasonable notice of default.
(iii) Members of the immediate family are those persons who are related to and directly dependent upon a person or persons, living on or conducting grazing operations from lands, as of September 14, 1950, which the National Park Service recognized as base lands appurtenant to grazing privileges in the park. Such interpretation excludes mature children who, as of that date, were established in their own households and were not directly dependent upon the base lands and appurtenant grazing recognized by the National Park Service.
(iv) If title to base lands lying outside the park is conveyed, or such base lands are leased to someone other than a member of the immediate family of the permittee as of September 14, 1950, the grazing preference shall be recognized only for a period of twenty-five years from September 14, 1950.
(v) If title to a portion or part of the base land either outside or inside the park is conveyed or such base lands are leased, the new owner or lessee will take with the land so acquired or leased, such proportion of the entire grazing privileges as the grazing capacity in animal unit months of the tract conveyed or leased bears to the original area to which a grazing privilege was appurtenant and recognized. Conveyance or lease of all such base lands will automatically convey all grazing privileges appurtenant thereto.
(vi) Grazing privileges which are appurtenant to base lands located either inside or outside the park shall not be conveyed separately therefrom.
(2) Where no reasonable ingress or egress is available to permittees or nonpermittees who must cross Park lands to reach grazing allotments on non-Federal lands within the exterior boundary of the Park or adjacent thereto, the Superintendent will grant, upon request a temporary nonfee annual permit to herd stock on a designated driveway which shall specify the time to be consumed in each single drive. The breach of any of the terms or conditions of the permit shall be grounds for termination, suspension, or reduction of these privileges.
(3) Grazing preferences are based on actual use during the period March 15, 1938 through September 14, 1950 and no increase in the number of animals or animal unit months will be allowed on Federal lands in the park.
(4)(i) A permittee whose grazing privilege is appurtenant to privately owned lands within the park will be granted total nonuse or reduced benefits for one or more years without nullifying his privilege in subsequent years.
(ii) A permittee whose privilege is appurtenant to base lands outside the park may be granted total nonuse on a year to year basis not to exceed three consecutive years. Total nonuse beyond this time may be granted if necessitated for reasons clearly outside the control of the permittee. Total unauthorized nonuse beyond three consecutive years will result in the termination and loss of all grazing privileges.
(iii) Whenever partial or total non-use is desired, an application must be made in writing to the Superintendent.
(5) Grazing fees shall be the same as those approved for the Teton National Forest and will be adjusted accordingly.
(6) Permittees or nonpermittees who have stock on Federal lands within the park at any time or place, when or where herding or grazing is unauthorized may be assessed fifty cents per day per animal as damages.
(7) The Superintendent may accept a written relinquishment or waiver of any privileges; however, no such relinquishment or waiver will be effective without the written consent of the owner or owners of the base lands.
(8) Permits. Terms and conditions. The issuance and continued effectiveness of all permits will be subject, in addition to mandatory provisions required by Executive Order or law, to the following terms and conditions:
(i) The permittee and his employees shall use all possible care in preventing forest and range fires, and shall assist in the extinguishing of forest and range fires on, or within, the vicinity of the land described in the permit, as well as in the preservation of good order within the boundaries of the park.
(ii) The Superintendent may require the permittee before driving livestock to or from the grazing allotment to gather his livestock at a designated time and place for the purpose of counting the same.
(iii) Stock will be allowed to graze only on the allotment designated in the permit.
(iv) The permittee shall file with the Superintendent a copy of his stock brand or other mark.
(v) The permittee shall, upon notice from the Superintendent that the allotment designated in the permit is not ready to be grazed at the beginning of the designated grazing season, place no livestock on the allotment for such a period as may be determined by the Superintendent as necessary to avoid damage to the range. All, or a portion of the livestock shall be removed from the area before the expiration of the designated grazing season if the Superintendent determines further grazing would be detrimental to the range. The number of stock and the grazing period may be adjusted by the Superintendent at any time when such action is deemed necessary for the protection of the range.
(vi) No permit shall be issued or renewed until payment of all fees and other amounts due the National Park Service has been made. Fees for permits are due the National Park Service and must be paid at least 15 days in advance of the grazing period. No permit shall be effective to authorize grazing use thereunder until all fees and other amounts due the National Park Service have been paid. A pro rata adjustment of fees will be made in the event of reduction of grazing privileges granted in the permit, except that not more than 50 percent of the total annual grazing fee will be refunded in the event reduced grazing benefits are taken at the election of the permittee after his stock are on the range.
(vii) No building or other structure shall be erected nor shall physical improvements of any kind be established under the permit except upon plans and specifications approved by the National Park Service. Any such facilities, structures, or buildings may be removed or disposed of to a successor permittee within three months following the termination of the permit; otherwise they shall become the property of the United States without compensation therefor.
(viii) The permittee shall utilize the lands covered by the permit in a manner approved and directed by the Superintendent which will prevent soil erosion thereon and on lands adjoining same.
(ix) The right is reserved to adjust the fees specified in the permit at any time to conform with the fees approved for Teton National Forest, and the permittee shall be furnished a notice of any change of fees.
(x) All livestock are considered as mature animals at six months of age and are so counted in determining animal unit months and numbers of animals.
(xi) The Superintendent may prescribe additional terms and conditions to meet individual cases.
(9) The breach of any of the terms or conditions of the permit shall be grounds for termination, suspension, or reduction of grazing privileges.
(10) Appeals from the decision of the Superintendent to the Regional Director and from the Regional Director to the Director shall be made in accordance with the National Park Service Order No. 14, as amended (19 FR 8824) and Regional Director, Order No. 3, as amended (21 FR 1494).
(11) Nothing in these regulations shall be construed as to prevent the enforcement of the provisions of the general rules and regulations and the special rules and regulations of the National Park Service or of any other provisions of said rules and regulations applicable to stock grazing.
(d) Camping. (1) No person, party, or organization shall be permitted to camp more than 30 days in a calendar year in designated sites within the Park.
(2) Except in group campsites and backcountry sites, camping is limited to six persons to a site.
(3) Registration is required for camping at the Jenny Lake Campground; camping in this campground shall not exceed 10 days in any calendar year.
(e) Vessels. (1) Power-driven vessels are prohibited on all park waters except Jackson Lake and Jenny Lake.
(2) On Jenny Lake:
(i) Operating a power-driven vessel using a motor exceeding 7 1/2 horsepower is prohibited, except:
(ii) An NPS authorized boating concessioner may operate power-driven vessels under conditions specified by the Superintendent.
(3) Hand-propelled vessels may be used on Jackson, Jenny, Phelps, Emma Matilda, Two Ocean, Taggart, Bradley, Bearpaw, Leigh, and String Lakes and on the Snake River, except within 1,000 feet of the downstream face of Jackson Lake Dam. All other waters are closed to boating.
(4) Sailboats may be used only on Jackson Lake.
(5) No person except an authorized concessioner shall moor or beach a vessel on the shore of a designated harbor area, except in an emergency.
(f) Management of elk. The laws and regulations of the State of Wyoming shall govern elk management as associated with formal reduction programs. Such Wyoming laws and regulations which are now or will hereafter be in effect are hereby incorporated by reference as a part of the regulations in this part.
(g)(1) What is the scope of this section? The regulations contained in paragraphs (g)(2) through (g)(20) of this section are intended to apply to the use of snowcoaches and recreational snowmobiles. Except where indicated, paragraphs (g)(2) through (g)(20) do not apply to non-administrative over-snow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(2) What terms do I need to know? The definitions in this paragraph (g)(2) also apply to non-administrative oversnow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(i) Commercial guide means a guide who operates as a snowmobile or snowcoach guide for a fee or compensation and is authorized to operate in the park under a concession contract. In this section, “guide” also means “commercial guide.”
(ii) Historic snowcoach means a Bombardier snowcoach manufactured in 1983 or earlier. Any other snowcoach is considered a non-historic snowcoach.
(iii) Oversnow route means that portion of the unplowed roadway located between the road shoulders and designated by snow poles or other poles, ropes, fencing, or signs erected to regulate oversnow activity. Oversnow routes include pullouts or parking areas that are groomed or marked similarly to roadways and are adjacent to designated oversnow routes. An oversnow route may also be distinguished by the interior boundaries of the berm created by the packing and grooming of the unplowed roadway. The only motorized vehicles permitted on oversnow routes are oversnow vehicles.
(iv) Oversnow vehicle means a snowmobile, snowcoach, or other motorized vehicle that is intended for travel primarily on snow and has been authorized by the Superintendent to operate in the park. An oversnow vehicle that does not meet the definition of a snowcoach must comply with all requirements applicable to snowmobiles.
(v) Snowcoach means a self-propelled mass transit vehicle intended for travel on snow, having a curb weight of over 1,000 pounds (450 kilograms), driven by a track or tracks and steered by skis or tracks, and having a capacity of at least 8 passengers. A snowcoach has a maximum size of 102 inches wide, plus tracks (not to exceed 110 inches overall); a maximum length of 35 feet; and a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) not exceeding 25,000 pounds.
(vi) Snowmobile means a self-propelled vehicle intended for travel on snow, with a curb weight of not more than 1,000 pounds (450 kg), driven by a track or tracks in contact with the snow, and which may be steered by a ski or skis in contact with the snow.
(vii) Snowplane means a self-propelled vehicle intended for oversnow travel and driven by an air-displacing propeller.
(3) May I operate a snowmobile in Grand Teton National Park? You may operate a snowmobile in Grand Teton National Park in compliance with use limits, operating hours and dates, equipment, and operating conditions established under this section. The Superintendent may establish additional operating conditions and provide notice of those conditions in accordance with § 1.7(a) of this chapter or in the Federal Register.
(4) May I operate a snowcoach in Grand Teton National Park? It is prohibited to operate a snowcoach in Grand Teton National Park except as authorized by the Superintendent.
(5) Must I operate a certain model of snowmobile in the park? Only commercially available snowmobiles that meet NPS air and sound emissions requirements as set forth in this section may be operated in the park. The Superintendent will approve snowmobile makes, models, and years of manufacture that meet those requirements. Any snowmobile model not approved by the Superintendent may not be operated in the park.
(6) How will the Superintendent approve snowmobile makes, models, and years of manufacture for use in Grand Teton National Park? (i) Beginning with the 2005 model year, all snowmobiles must be certified under 40 CFR Part 1051, to a Family Emission Limit no greater than 15 g/kW-hr for hydrocarbons and to a Family Emission Limit no greater than 120 g/kW-hr for carbon monoxide.
(A) 2004 model year snowmobiles may use measured air emissions levels (official emission results with no deterioration factors applied) to comply with the air emission limits specified in paragraph (g)(6)(i) of this section.
(B) Snowmobiles manufactured before the 2004 model year may be operated only if they have shown to have air emissions no greater than the requirements identified in paragraph (g)(6)(i) of this section.
(C) The snowmobile test procedures specified by EPA (40 CFR parts 1051 and 1065) must be used to measure air emissions from model year 2004 and later snowmobiles. Equivalent procedures may be used for earlier model years.
(ii) For sound emissions, snowmobiles must operate at or below 73 dBA as measured at full throttle according to Society of Automotive Engineers J192 test procedures (revised 1985). Snowmobiles may be tested at any barometric pressure equal to or above 23.4 inches Hg uncorrected. The Superintendent may revise these testing procedures based on new information and/or updates to the SAE J192 testing procedures.
(iii) Snowmobiles meeting the requirements for air and sound emissions may be operated in the park for a period not exceeding 6 years from the date upon which first certified, except that snowmobiles being operated on Jackson Lake may continue to be operated up to 10 years, provided that these snowmobiles' mileage does not exceed 6,000 miles.
(iv) Snowmobiles will be exempt from these air and sound emissions requirements while in use to access lands authorized by paragraphs (g)(16) and (g)(18) of this section.
(v) The Superintendent may prohibit entry into the park of any snowmobile that has been modified in a manner that may adversely affect air or sound emissions.
(7) Where may I operate my snowmobile in the park? (i) You may operate your snowmobile upon the frozen water surface of Jackson Lake, a route established in accordance with § 2.18(c) of this chapter, under the following conditions:
(A) You are ice fishing, and licensed or otherwise permitted to fish in Wyoming;
(B) You possess the proper fishing gear; and
(C) You limit your snowmobile travel to a direct route to and from and between fishing locations on the lake.
(ii) The Superintendent may open or close this route, or portions thereof, for snowmobile travel, and may establish separate zones for motorized and non-motorized uses on Jackson Lake, after taking into consideration the location of wintering wildlife, appropriate snow cover, public safety and other factors. The Superintendent will provide notice of such opening or closing by one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(iii) This paragraph (g)(7) also applies to non-administrative over-snow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(iv) Maps detailing the designated oversnow route will be available from Park Headquarters.
(8) Must I travel with a commercial guide while snowmobiling in Grand Teton National Park? You are not required to use a guide while snowmobiling in Grand Teton National Park.
(9) Are there limits established for the number of snowmobiles permitted to operate in the park each day? (i) The number of snowmobiles allowed to operate in the park each day on Jackson Lake is 25.
(ii) The Superintendent may adjust this number up or down, not to exceed a daily limit of 40 snowmobiles, after taking into consideration the location of wintering wildlife, appropriate snow cover, noise monitoring results, public safety and other factors. The Superintendent will provide notice of such adjustment by one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(10) When may I operate my snowmobile? The Superintendent will determine operating hours and dates. Except for emergency situations, any changes to operating hours or dates will be made on an annual basis, and the public will be notified of those changes through one or more of the methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(11) What other conditions apply to the operation of oversnow vehicles? (i) The following are prohibited:
(A) Idling an oversnow vehicle more than 5 minutes at any one time.
(B) Driving an oversnow vehicle while the operator's motor vehicle license or privilege is suspended or revoked.
(C) Allowing or permitting an unlicensed driver to operate an oversnow vehicle.
(D) Driving an oversnow vehicle in willful or wanton disregard for the safety of persons, property, or park resources or otherwise in a reckless manner.
(E) Operating an oversnow vehicle without a lighted white headlamp and red taillight.
(F) Operating an oversnow vehicle that does not have brakes in good working order.
(G) The towing of persons on skis, sleds or other sliding devices by oversnow vehicles.
(ii) The following are required:
(A) All oversnow vehicles that stop on designated routes must pull over to the far right and next to the snow berm. Pullouts must be used where available and accessible. Oversnow vehicles may not be stopped in a hazardous location or where the view might be obscured, or operated so slowly as to interfere with the normal flow of traffic.
(B) Oversnow vehicle drivers must possess a valid motor vehicle driver's license. A learner's permit does not satisfy this requirement. The license must be carried by the driver at all times.
(C) Equipment sleds towed by a snowmobile must be pulled behind the snowmobile and fastened to the snowmobile with a rigid hitching mechanism.
(D) Snowmobiles must be properly registered and display a valid registration from the United States or Canada.
(iii) The Superintendent may impose other terms and conditions as necessary to protect park resources, visitors, or employees. The Superintendent will notify the public of any changes through one or more methods listed in § 1.7(a) of this chapter.
(iv) This paragraph (g)(11) also applies to non-administrative over-snow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(12) What conditions apply to alcohol use while operating an oversnow vehicle? In addition to 36 CFR 4.23, the following conditions apply:
(i) Operating or being in actual physical control of an oversnow vehicle is prohibited when the driver is under 21 years of age and the alcohol concentration in the driver's blood or breath is 0.02 grams or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters or blood or 0.02 grams or more of alcohol per 210 liters of breath.
(ii) Operating or being in actual physical control of an oversnow vehicle is prohibited when the driver is a snowmobile guide or a snowcoach operator and the alcohol concentration in the driver's blood or breath is 0.04 grams or more of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or 0.04 grams or more of alcohol per 210 liters of breath.
(iii) This paragraph (g)(12) also applies to non-administrative over-snow vehicle use by NPS, contractor, or concessioner employees, or other non-recreational users authorized by the Superintendent.
(13) Do other NPS regulations apply to the use of oversnow vehicles? The use of oversnow vehicles in Grand Teton is subject to § 2.18(a), (b), and (c), but not subject to § 2.18(d) and (e) and § 2.19(b) of this chapter.
(14) Are there any forms of non-motorized oversnow transportation allowed in the park?
(i) Non-motorized travel consisting of skiing, skating, snowshoeing, or walking is permitted unless otherwise restricted under this section or other NPS regulations.
(ii) The Superintendent may designate areas of the park as closed, reopen such areas, or establish terms and conditions for non-motorized travel within the park in order to protect visitors, employees, or park resources.
(iii) Dog sledding and ski-joring are prohibited.
(15) May I operate a snowplane in the park? The operation of a snowplane in Grand Teton National Park is prohibited.
(16) May I continue to access public lands via snowmobile through the park? Reasonable and direct access, via snowmobile, to adjacent public lands will continue to be permitted on the designated routes through the park identified in the following paragraphs (g)(16)(i) through (iv). Requirements established in this section related to air and sound emissions, daily entry limits, snowmobile operator age, guiding, and licensing do not apply on these oversnow routes. The following routes are designated for access via snowmobile to public lands:
(i) From the parking area at Shadow Mountain directly along the unplowed portion of the road to the east park boundary.
(ii) Along the unplowed portion of the Ditch Creek Road directly to the east park boundary.
(iii) The Continental Divide Snowmobile Trail (CDST) along U.S. 26/287 from the east park boundary to a point approximately 2 miles east of Moran Junction. If necessary for the proper administration of visitor use and resource protection, the Superintendent may extend this designated route to the Moran Entrance Station.
(iv) The Superintendent may designate additional routes if necessary to provide access to other adjacent public lands.
(17) For what purpose may I use the routes designated in paragraph (g)(16) of this section? You may only use those routes designated in paragraph (g)(16) of this section to gain direct access to public lands adjacent to the park boundary.
(18) May I continue to access private property within or adjacent to the park via snowmobile? The Superintendent may establish reasonable and direct snowmobile access routes to the inholding or to private property adjacent to park boundaries for which other routes or means of access are not reasonably available. Requirements established in this section related to air and sound emissions, snowmobile operator age, licensing, and guiding do not apply on these oversnow routes. The following routes are designated for access to private properties within or adjacent to the park:
(i) From the Antelope Flats Road off U.S. 26/89/191 to private lands in the Craighead Subdivision.
(ii) The unplowed portion of the Teton Park Road to the piece of land commonly referred to as the “Townsend Property.”
(iii) From the Moose-Wilson Road to the land commonly referred to as the “Barker Property.”
(iv) From the Moose-Wilson Road to the property commonly referred to as the “Halpin Property.”
(v) From Highway 26/89/191 to those lands commonly referred to as the “Meadows”, the “Circle EW Ranch”, the “Moulton Property”, the “Levinson Property” and the “Macmahon Property.”
(vi) From Cunningham Cabin pullout on U.S. 26/89/191 near Triangle X to the piece of land commonly referred to as the “Lost Creek Ranch.”
(vii) The Superintendent may designate additional routes if necessary to provide reasonable access to inholdings or adjacent private property.
(viii) Maps detailing designated routes will be available from Park Headquarters.
(19) For what purpose may I use the routes designated in paragraph (g)(18) of this section? The routes designated in paragraph (g)(18) of this section are only to access private property within or directly adjacent to the park boundary. Use of these roads via snowmobile is authorized only for the landowners and their representatives or guests. Use of these roads by anyone else or for any other purpose is prohibited.
(20) Is violating any of the provisions of this section prohibited (i) Violating any of the terms, conditions or requirements of paragraphs (g)(3) through (g)(19) of this section is prohibited.
(ii) Anyone who violates any of the terms, conditions or requirements of this regulation will be considered to have committed one separate offense for each term, condition or requirement that they violate.
(h) Where may I ride a bicycle in Grand Teton National Park? (1) You may ride a bicycle on park roads, in parking areas, and upon designated routes established within the park in accordance with § 4.30(a) of this chapter. The following routes are designated for bicycle use:
(i) The paved multi-use pathway alongside Dornan Road between Dornan's and the Teton Park Road.
(ii) The paved multi-use pathway alongside the Teton Park Road between Dornan Road (Dornan's Junction) and the South Jenny Lake developed area.
(2) The Superintendent may open or close designated routes, or portions thereof, or impose conditions or restrictions for bicycle use after taking into consideration the location of or impacts on wildlife, the amount of snow cover or other environmental conditions, public safety, and other factors, under the criteria and procedures of §§ 1.5 and 1.7 of this chapter.
§ 7.23   Badlands National Park.
(a) Commercial vehicles. (1) Notwithstanding the prohibition of commercial vehicles set forth in § 5.6 of this chapter, local commercial vehicles may operate on the park road between the Northeast entrance and the Interior entrance in accordance with the provisions of this section.
(2) The term “Local Commercial Vehicles”, as used in this section, will include the definition of “commercial vehicle” in § 5.6(a), but specifically includes only those vehicles that originate from, or are destined to, the following U.S. Postal Service ZIP code areas:
(3) The Superintendent may require a permit and establish terms and conditions in accordance with § 1.6 of this chapter for the operation of local commercial vehicles on the park road between the park's Northeast and Interior entrances. The Superintendent may charge a fee for any permits issued to commercial vehicles in accordance with a fee schedule established annually.
(4) The commercial transport on the park road between the Northeast and Interior entrances of any substance or combination of substances, including any hazardous substance, hazardous material, or hazardous waste that requires placarding, or any marine pollutant that requires marking, as defined in 49 CFR Subtitle B, is prohibited; except for local bulk deliveries of gasoline, fuel oil and LP gas; provided, however, that the Superintendent may issue permits for the transportation of such substance or combination of substances, including hazardous waste, in emergencies, and may issue permits when such transportation is necessary for access to lands within or adjacent to the park area to which access is otherwise not available as provided in 36 CFR 5.6.
(5) The operator of a motor vehicle transporting any hazardous substance, hazardous material, hazardous waste, or marine pollutant in accordance with a permit issued under this section, is not relieved in any manner from complying with all applicable regulations in 49 CFR Subtitle B, or with any other State or Federal laws and regulations applicable to the transportation of any hazardous substance, hazardous material, hazardous waste, or marine pollutant.
(6) The transportation or use of oversize or overweight commercial vehicles on the park road between the Northeast and Interior entrances is prohibited; provided, however that the Superintendent may issue permits for transportation or use of such vehicles and may condition such permits on the use of special routes within the park in order to minimize impacts to park facilities and resources and also may issue permits when the transportation or use of such vehicles is necessary for access to lands within or adjacent to the park area to which access is otherwise not available as provided in 36 CFR 5.6.
(7) Operating without, or violating a term or condition of, a permit issued in accordance with this section is prohibited. In addition, violating a term or condition of a permit may result in the suspension or revocation of the permit.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 7.24   Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River.
Fishing. Fishing in any manner authorized under applicable State law is allowed.
§ 7.25   Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
(a) Fishing —(1) Commercial fishing. Commercial fishing from parklands (above the high waterline) other than as provided for below is prohibited.
(2) Nets. The use of nets in fishing from parklands (above the high waterline) except for throw nets, is prohibited.
(3) Kalapana extension area; special fishing privileges. (i) Pursuant to the act of June 20, 1938 (52 Stat. 781; 16 U.S.C. 391b and 396a) Native Hawaiian residents of the villages adjacent to the Kalapana extension area added to the park by the above act and visitors under their guidance are granted the exclusive privileges of fishing or gathering seafood from parklands (above the high waterline) along the coastline of such extension area. These persons may engage in commercial fishing under proper State permit.
(ii) For the purposes of this section, the term “native Hawaiian” means any descendent of not less than one-half part of the blood of the races inhabiting the Hawaiian Islands previous to 1778 (Act of June 20, 1938; 52 Stat. 784; 16 U.S.C. 396a).
(b) Backcountry registration. No person shall explore or climb about the lava tubes or pit craters in the park without first registering with the superintendent and indicating the approximate length of time involved in the exploration and the number of people in the party. This section does not apply to the maintained trail through Thruston Lava Tube, nor the maintained trail down and across Kilauea Iki pit crater.
§ 7.26   Death Valley National Park.
(a) Mining. Mining in Death Valley National Park is subject to the following regulations, which are prescribed to govern the surface use of claims therein:
(1) The claim shall be occupied and used exclusively for mineral exploration and development and for no other purpose except that upon written permission of an authorized officer or employee of the National Park Service the surface of the claim may be used for other specified purposes, the use to be on such conditions and for such period as may be prescribed when permission is granted.
(2) The owner of the claim and all persons holding under him shall conform to all rules and regulations governing occupancy of the lands within the National Park.
(3) The use and occupancy of the surface of mining claims as prescribed in paragraphs (a) (1) and (2) of this section shall apply to all such claims located after the date of the act of June 13, 1933 (48 Stat. 139; 16 U.S.C. 447), within the limits of the National Park as fixed by Proclamation No. 2028 of February 11, 1933, and enlarged by Proclamation No. 2228 of March 26, 1937, and to all mining claims on lands hereafter included in the National Park, located after such inclusion, so long as such claims are within the boundaries of said Park.
(4) Prospectors or miners shall not open or construct roads or vehicle trails without first obtaining written permission from an authorized officer or employee of the National Park Service. Applications for permits shall be accompanied by a map or sketch showing the location of the mining property to be served and the location of the proposed road or vehicle trail. The permit may be conditioned upon the permittee's maintaining the road or trail in a passable condition as long as it is used by the permittee or his successors.
(5) From and after the date of publication of this section, no construction, development, or dumping upon any location or entry, lying wholly or partly within the areas set forth in paragraphs (a)(5) (i) to (iii) of this section, shall be undertaken until the plans for such construction, development, and dumping, insofar as the surface is affected thereby, shall have been first submitted to and approved in writing by an authorized officer or employee of the National Park Service:
(i) All land within 200 feet of the center-line of any public road.
(ii) All land within the smallest legal subdivision of the public land surveys containing a spring or water hole, or within one quarter of a mile thereof on unsurveyed public land.
(iii) All land within any site developed or approved for development by the National Park Service as a residential, administrative, or public campground site. Such sites shall include all land within the exterior boundaries thereof as conspicuously posted by the placing of an appropriate sign disclosing that the boundaries of the developed site are designated on a map of the site which will be available for inspection in the office of the Superintendent. If not so posted, such sites shall include all land within 1,000 feet of any Federally owned buildings, water and sewer systems, road loops, and camp tables and fireplaces set at designated camp sites.
(b) Use of water. No works or water system of any kind for the diversion, impoundment, appropriation, transmission, or other use of water shall be constructed on or across Park lands, including mining claims, without a permit approved by an authorized officer or employee of the National Park Service. Application for such permit shall be accompanied by plans of the proposed construction. The permit shall contain the following conditions: (1) No diversion and use of the water shall conflict with the paramount general public need for such water; (2) such water systems shall include taps or spigots at points to be prescribed by the Superintendent, for the convenience of the public; and (3) all appropriations of water, in compliance with the State water laws, shall be made for public use in the name of the United States and in accordance with instructions to be supplied by an authorized officer or employee of the National Park Service.
(c) Permits. Application for any permit required by this section shall be made through the Superintendent of the Park.
(d) Filing of copies of mining locations. From and after the publication of this paragraph, in order to facilitate the administration of the regulations in this part, copies of all mining locations filed in the Office of the County Recorder shall be furnished to the office of the Superintendent, Death Valley National Park, by the person filing the mining location in his own behalf or on behalf of any other person.
(e) Aircraft. The following are designated as locations where the operation of aircraft is allowed:
(1) Death Valley Airport, latitude 36°27′50″ N., longitude 116°52′50″ W.
(2) Stovepipe Wells Airport, latitude 36°36′15″ N., longitude 117°09′30″ W.
(3) Saline Valley Warm Springs Airfield, latitude N 36°48.41′, longitude W 117°46.90′.