Title 24—Housing and Urban Development--Volume 1
PART 42—DISPLACEMENT, RELOCATION ASSISTANCE, AND REAL PROPERTY ACQUISITION FOR HUD AND HUD-ASSISTED PROGRAMS
§ 42.1   Applicable rules.
(a) URA. HUD-assisted programs and projects are subject to the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, 42 U.S.C. 4601 (URA) (42 U.S.C. 4601), and implementing regulations issued by the Department of Transportation at 49 CFR part 24.
(b) Section 104(d). In addition to the URA, the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), Urban Development Action Grant (UDAG), and HOME Investment Partnerships (HOME) programs are also subject to section 104(d) of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5304(d)). The provisions applicable to these programs are set out in subpart C of this part.
(c) Additional requirements. Applicable program regulations may contain additional relocation provisions.
§ 42.301   Applicability.
This subpart applies only to CDBG grants under 24 CFR part 570, subparts D, F, and I (Entitlement grants, HUD-Administered Small Cities, and State programs); grants under 24 CFR part 570, subpart G (Urban Development Action Grants), and Loan Guarantees under 24 CFR part 570, subpart M; and assistance to State and local governments under 24 CFR part 92 (HOME program).
§ 42.305   Definitions.
The terms Fair Market Rent (FMR), HUD, Section 8, and Uniform Relocation Act (URA) are defined in part 5 of this title. Otherwise, as used in this subpart:
Comparable replacement dwelling unit means a dwelling unit that:
(1) Meets the criteria of 49 CFR 24.2(d)(1) through (6); and
(2) Is available at a monthly cost for rent plus estimated average monthly utility costs that does not exceed the “Total Tenant Payment” determined under § 813.107 of this title, after taking into account any rental assistance the household would receive.
Conversion. (1) This term means altering a housing unit so that it is:
(i) Used for nonhousing purposes;
(ii) Used for housing purposes, but no longer meets the definition of lower-income dwelling unit; or
(iii) Used as an emergency shelter.
(2) A housing unit that continues to be used for housing after completion of the project is not considered a “conversion” if, upon completion of the project, the unit is owned and occupied by a person who owned and occupied the unit before the project.
Displaced person means a lower-income person who, in connection with an activity assisted under any program subject to this subpart, permanently moves from real property or permanently moves personal property from real property as a direct result of the demolition or conversion of a lower-income dwelling. For purposes of this definition, a permanent move includes a move made permanently and:
(1) After notice by the grantee to move from the property following initial submission to HUD of the consolidated plan required of entitlement grantees pursuant to § 570.302; of an application for assistance pursuant to §§ 570.426, 570.430, or 570.465 that is thereafter approved; or an application for loan assistance under § 570.701 that is thereafter approved;
(2) After notice by the property owner to move from the property, following the submission of a request for financial assistance by the property owner (or other person in control of the site) that is thereafter approved; or
(3) Before the dates described in this definition, if HUD or the grantee determine that the displacement was a direct result of conversion or demolition in connection with an activity subject to this subpart for which financial assistance has been requested and is thereafter approved.
HCD Act of 1974 means the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq. ).
Lower-income dwelling unit means a dwelling unit with a market rent (including utility costs) that does not exceed the applicable Fair Market Rent (FMR) for existing housing established under 24 CFR part 888.
Lower-income person means, as appropriate, a “low and moderate income person” as that term is defined in § 570.3 of this title, or a “low-income family” as that term is defined in § 92.2 of this title.
Recipient means CDBG grantee, UDAG grantee, or the HOME participating jurisdiction.
Standard condition and substandard condition suitable for rehabilitation have the meaning the recipient has established for those terms in its HUD-approved consolidated plan pursuant to 24 CFR part 91. In the case of a unit of general local government funded by a State, either the State's definitions for those terms or the definitions adopted by the unit of general local government for this purpose shall apply.
Vacant occupiable dwelling unit means a vacant dwelling unit that is in a standard condition; a vacant dwelling unit that is in a substandard condition, but is suitable for rehabilitation; or a dwelling unit in any condition that has been occupied (except by a squatter) at any time within the period beginning 3 months before the date of execution of the agreement by the recipient covering the rehabilitation or demolition.
§ 42.325   Residential antidisplacement and relocation assistance plan.
(a) Certification. (1) As part of its consolidated plan under 24 CFR part 91, the recipient must certify that it has in effect and is following a residential antidisplacement and relocation assistance plan.
(2) A unit of general local government receiving funds from the State must certify to the State that it has in effect and is following a residential antidisplacement and relocation assistance plan, and that it will minimize displacement of persons as a result of assisted activities. The State may require the unit of general local government to follow the State's plan or permit it to develop its own plan. A unit of general local government that develops its own plan must adopt the plan and make it public.
(b) Plan contents. (1) The plan shall indicate the steps that will be taken consistent with other goals and objectives of the program, as provided in parts 92 and 570 of this title, to minimize the displacement of families and individuals from their homes and neighborhoods as a result of any assisted activities.
(2) The plan shall provide for relocation assistance in accordance with § 42.350.
(3) The plan shall provide one-for-one replacement units to the extent required by § 42.375.
§ 42.350   Relocation assistance for displaced persons.
A displaced person may choose to receive either assistance under the URA and implementing regulations at 49 CFR part 24 or assistance under section 104(d) of the HCD Act of 1974, including:
(a) Advisory services. Advisory services at the levels described in 49 CFR part 24. A displaced person must be advised of his or her rights under the Fair Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 3601-19). If the comparable replacement dwelling to be provided to a minority person is located in an area of minority concentration, as defined in the recipient's consolidated plan, if applicable, the minority person must also be given, if possible, referrals to comparable and suitable decent, safe, and sanitary replacement dwellings not located in such areas.
(b) Moving expenses. Payment for moving expenses at the levels described in 49 CFR part 24.
(c) Security deposits and credit checks. The reasonable and necessary cost of any security deposit required to rent the replacement dwelling unit, and for credit checks required to rent or purchase the replacement dwelling unit.
(d) Interim living costs. The recipient shall reimburse a person for actual reasonable out-of-pocket costs incurred in connection with a displacement, including moving expenses and increased housing costs, if:
(1) The person must relocate temporarily because continued occupancy of the dwelling unit constitutes a substantial danger to the health or safety of the person or the public; or
(2) The person is displaced from a “lower-income dwelling unit,” none of the comparable replacement dwelling units to which the person has been referred qualifies as a lower-income dwelling unit, and a suitable lower-income dwelling unit is scheduled to become available in accordance with § 42.375.
(e) Replacement housing assistance. Persons are eligible to receive one of the following two forms of replacement housing assistance:
(1) Each person must be offered rental assistance equal to 60 times the amount necessary to reduce the monthly rent and estimated average monthly cost of utilities for a replacement dwelling (comparable replacement dwelling or decent, safe, and sanitary replacement dwelling to which the person relocates, whichever costs less) to the “Total Tenant Payment,” as determined under part 813 of this title. All or a portion of this assistance may be offered through a voucher for rental assistance (if available) provided under Section 8. If a Section 8 voucher is provided to a person, the recipient must provide referrals to comparable replacement dwelling units where the owner is willing to participate in the Section 8 Tenant-Based Assistance Existing Housing Program (see part 982 of this title). When provided, cash assistance will generally be in installments, in accordance with 42 U.S.C. 3537c; or
(2) If the person purchases an interest in a housing cooperative or mutual housing association and occupies a decent, safe, and sanitary dwelling in the cooperative or association, the person may elect to receive a payment equal to the capitalized value of 60 times the amount that is obtained by subtracting the “Total Tenant Payment,” as determined under part 813 of this title, from the monthly rent and estimated average monthly cost of utilities at a comparable replacement dwelling unit. To compute the capitalized value, the installments shall be discounted at the rate of interest paid on passbook savings deposits by a federally insured financial institution conducting business within the recipient's jurisdiction. To the extent necessary to minimize hardship to the household, the recipient shall, subject to appropriate safeguards, issue a payment in advance of the purchase of the interest in the housing cooperative or mutual housing association.
§ 42.375   One-for-one replacement of lower-income dwelling units.
(a) Units that must be replaced. All occupied and vacant occupiable lower-income dwelling units that are demolished or converted to a use other than as lower-income dwelling units in connection with an assisted activity must be replaced with comparable lower-income dwelling units.
(b) Acceptable replacement units. Replacement lower-income dwelling units may be provided by any government agency or private developer and must meet the following requirements:
(1) The units must be located within the recipient's jurisdiction. To the extent feasible and consistent with other statutory priorities, the units shall be located within the same neighborhood as the units replaced.
(2) The units must be sufficient in number and size to house no fewer than the number of occupants who could have been housed in the units that are demolished or converted. The number of occupants who could have been housed in units shall be determined in accordance with applicable local housing occupancy codes. The recipient may not replace those units with smaller units (e.g., a 2-bedroom unit with two 1-bedroom units), unless the recipient has provided the information required under paragraph (c)(7) of this section.
(3) The units must be provided in standard condition. Replacement lower-income dwelling units may include units that have been raised to standard from substandard condition if:
(i) No person was displaced from the unit (see definition of “displaced person” in § 42.305); and
(ii) The unit was vacant for at least 3 months before execution of the agreement between the recipient and the property owner.
(4) The units must initially be made available for occupancy at any time during the period beginning 1 year before the recipient makes public the information required under paragraph (d) of this section and ending 3 years after the commencement of the demolition or rehabilitation related to the conversion.
(5) The units must be designed to remain lower-income dwelling units for at least 10 years from the date of initial occupancy. Replacement lower-income dwelling units may include, but are not limited to, public housing or existing housing receiving Section 8 project-based assistance.
(c) Preliminary information to be made public. Before the recipient enters into a contract committing it to provide funds under programs covered by this subpart for any activity that will directly result in the demolition of lower-income dwelling units or the conversion of lower-income dwelling units to another use, the recipient must make public, and submit in writing to the HUD field office (or State, in the case of a unit of general local government funded by the State), the following information:
(1) A description of the proposed assisted activity;
(2) The location on a map and number of dwelling units by size (number of bedrooms) that will be demolished or converted to a use other than for lower-income dwelling units as a direct result of the assisted activity;
(3) A time schedule for the commencement and completion of the demolition or conversion;
(4) The location on a map and the number of dwelling units by size (number of bedrooms) that will be provided as replacement dwelling units. If such data are not available at the time of the general submission, the submission shall identify the general location on an area map and the approximate number of dwelling units by size, and information identifying the specific location and number of dwelling units by size shall be submitted and disclosed to the public as soon as it is available;
(5) The source of funding and a time schedule for the provision of replacement dwelling units;
(6) The basis for concluding that each replacement dwelling unit will remain a lower-income dwelling unit for at least 10 years from the date of initial occupancy; and
(7) Information demonstrating that any proposed replacement of dwelling units with smaller dwelling units (e.g., a 2-bedroom unit with two 1-bedroom units) is consistent with the needs assessment contained in its HUD-approved consolidated plan. A unit of general local government funded by the State that is not required to submit a consolidated plan to HUD must make public information demonstrating that the proposed replacement is consistent with the housing needs of lower-income households in the jurisdiction.
(d) Replacement not required. (1) In accordance with 42 U.S.C. 5304(d)(3), the one-for-one replacement requirement of this section does not apply to the extent the HUD field office determines, based upon objective data, that there is an adequate supply of vacant lower-income dwelling units in standard condition available on a nondiscriminatory basis within the area.
(2) The recipient must submit directly to the HUD field office the request for determination that the one-for-one replacement requirement does not apply. Simultaneously with the submission of the request, the recipient must make the submission public and inform interested persons that they have 30 days from the date of submission to provide to HUD additional information supporting or opposing the request.
(3) A unit of general local government funded by the State must submit the request for determination under this paragraph to the State. Simultaneously with the submission of the request, the unit of general local government must make the submission public and inform interested persons that they have 30 days from the date of submission to provide to the State additional information supporting or opposing the request. If the State, after considering the submission and the additional data, agrees with the request, the State must provide its recommendation with supporting information to the field office.
§ 42.390   Appeals.
A person who disagrees with the recipient's determination concerning whether the person qualifies as a “displaced person,” or with the amount of relocation assistance for which the person is eligible, may file a written appeal of that determination with the recipient. A person who is dissatisfied with the recipient's determination on his or her appeal may submit a written request for review of that determination to the HUD field office (or to the State in the case of a unit of general local government funded by the State). If the full relief is not granted, the recipient shall advise the person of his or her right to seek judicial review.