Question: What should construction workers do to protect themselves and slow the spread of COVID-19?

Answer passage (source: CDC):
page_title: What Construction Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
section_headers: What steps should my employer take?
section_content: Employers should have a COVID-19 response plan to protect workers, following
CDC Interim Guidance for Businesses and
Employers, and share this plan with you and your coworkers in
languages you all understand. Small construction businesses should review the
CDC small business
guidelines. Your employer should take steps to:
Reduce transmission among workers:

Take steps to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 if an employee is sick. 
Actively encourage sick employees to stay home.
Sick employees diagnosed with COVID-19 shouldn’t return to work until the criteria to discontinue home isolation are met, in consultation with healthcare providers and state and local health departments.


Provide employees with accurate information (in a language they understand) about COVID-19, how it spreads, and risk of exposure. 
Provide workers with basic facts.
Conduct toolbox talks on all job sites to explain the protective measures in place.


Be aware that some employees may be at higher risk for severe illness, such as older adults and those with underlying medical conditions. Implement specific policies to minimize face-to-face contact for these employees or assign work tasks that allow them to maintain a distance of at least 6 feet from other workers, customers, and visitors, or to telework if possible.
Provide training to employees on proper handwashing practices and other routine preventative measures. This will help prevent the spread of many diseases, including COVID-19.
Provide employees with access to soap, clean running water, and materials for drying their hands, or if soap and water are not readily available provide alcohol-based hand sanitizers containing at least 60% alcohol at stations around the establishment for use by both workers and customers. 
Place handwashing stations and/or hand sanitizers in multiple locations (including in or adjacent to portable restrooms) to encourage hand hygiene.


Explore alternative ways to promote hand hygiene if there is difficulty sourcing hand sanitizer and running water is not available on site. Some examples may include: 
Install temporary or mobile handwashing stations, making sure there is an adequate supply of water, soap, and single-use paper towels.
Provide a large (5+ gallon) bucket with a lid and tap that can be used to provide water for handwashing. If this method is used, the water tap should be regularly cleaned and disinfected, and the contaminated wastewater must be collected and treated in accordance with local laws and environmental regulations. Provide fresh clean water daily.
Depending on the size or configuration of the job site, there may need to be multiple handwashing stations available to accommodate the workforce while maintaining social distancing, and stations may need to be restocked during the course of the day to maintain adequate handwashing supplies.


Develop and implement social distancing guidance for the workplace to maintain a distance of at least 6 feet between workers when possible.

Maintain a healthy work environment

Institute measures to physically separate and increase distance between employees, such as the following: 
Modify work schedules to stagger work, provide alternating workdays or extra shifts to reduce the total number of workers on a job site at any given time.
Restrict access to reduce the number of workers in enclosed and confined areas at one time. Confined and enclosed areas (e.g., trailers, small rooms in buildings under construction) should be identified and access should be restricted to essential personnel only. Enclosed spaces (e.g., toilets, break areas) are potential transmission areas and should be treated accordingly. Time spent in these areas should be minimized.
Rearrange administrative area workstations so that workers can stay at least 6 feet away from other workers.
Install shields or barriers, such as plexiglass barriers, where possible.
Remove or rearrange chairs and tables or add visual cue marks in break areas to support social distancing practices between workers. Identify alternative areas to accommodate overflow volume.
Disinfect break or lunchroom areas between each group using the areas.
Maintain social distancing when visiting lunch trucks or construction site vendors.
Limit casual (social) conversations that normally occur at work.
Cancel or postpone in-person meetings/trainings whenever possible. If you must meet, spread out to a distance of 6 feet or more between attendees.
Reduce the number of individuals at meetings, including worker orientations, to increase the distance between individuals.


Conduct a hazard assessment to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, for which workers may need personal protective equipment (PPE). CDC and OSHA have recommended PPE for some types of work activities when engineering and administrative controls cannot be implemented or are not fully protective. 
Employers are required to determine, select, provide, and train on correct PPE use and application for their workers’ specific job duties (see 29 CFR 1926 Subpart Eexternal icon).


Place posters that encourage staying home when sick, cough and sneeze etiquette, signs and symptoms of COVID-19, and proper hand hygiene practices at the entrance to the workplace and in other workplace areas where they are likely to be seen.
Provide tissues and no-touch disposal receptacles for employees to use.
Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces. If the surfaces are visibly dirty, clean them prior to disinfecting. To disinfect, use products that meet EPA’s criteria for use against SARS-CoV-2external icon, diluted household bleach solutions that are prepared according to the manufacturer’s label for disinfection, or alcohol solutions with at least 70% alcohol, and that are appropriate for the surface. Follow manufacturer’s directions for use. 
Clean workspaces and breakrooms at least once per shift or as often as workers change workstations.
Provide worker training on manufacturer’s directions for disinfectant use and provide workers with any additional PPE required for disinfection.


Provide disposable disinfectant wipes (when available) so that surfaces commonly touched can be wiped down.
Follow all applicable local, state, and federal regulations and public health agency guidelines.

Maintain healthy business operations

Designate a safety and health officer to be responsible for responding to COVID-19 concerns at every jobsite. Workers should know who this person is and how to contact them.
Implement flexible sick leave and supportive policies and practices. Consider drafting non-punitive emergency sick leave policies if sick leave is not offered to some or all employees. Employers should not require a positive COVID-19 test result or a healthcare provider’s note for employees who are sick to validate their illness, qualify for sick leave, or to return to work.
Provide information on whom to contact if employees become sick. If an employee is confirmed to have COVID-19 infection, employers should inform fellow employees of their possible exposure to COVID-19 in the workplace but maintain confidentiality as required by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
Reach out to local public health officials to establish ongoing communications to facilitate access to relevant information before and during a local outbreak.


Reviewer feedback on this answer:
This answer gives the employer guidance and tips on how to maintain safety standards
While this answer does not address construction workers specifically, it is a good answers to how all workers should protect themselves.
This answer relates 100% to construction workers and what they should be doing to minimize the risk against COVID-19.

Reviewer ratings:
Excellent
Acceptable
Excellent