Question: who lived for many years in the bible

Answer: Methuselah.

Methuselah [SEP] Introduction

Methuselah () ( "Məṯūšélaḥ", in pausa "Məṯūšā́laḥ", "Man of the javelin" or "Death of Sword"; "Mathousalá") was a biblical patriarch and a figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Said to have died at the age of 969, he lived the longest of all figures mentioned in the Bible. According to the Book of Genesis, Methuselah was the son of Enoch, the father of Lamech, and the grandfather of Noah. Elsewhere in the Bible, Methuselah is mentioned in genealogies in 1st Chronicles and the Gospel of Luke. His life is described in further detail in extra-biblical religious texts such as the Book of Enoch, Slavonic Enoch, and the Book of Moses.


Context:
who lived for many years in the bible
Methuselah.

Question: has he been mentioned in any other sacred texts?

Answer: Yes, in the Book of Jubilees and the Rabbinic literature.

Explanation:
The Book of Jubilees presents itself as "the history of the division of the days of the Law, of the events of the years, the year-weeks, and the jubilees of the world" and claims to be a revelation of God to Moses, given through the Angel of the Presence in addition to the written Law received by Moses on Mount Sinai; and, while the written Law was to be imparted to all, this was to be a secret tradition entrusted only to the saints of each generation, to Enoch, Methuselah, Noah, and Shem, then to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Levi, and finally to the priests and scribes of the latter times.

Rabbinic literature states that when Noah was four hundred and eighty years old all the righteous men were dead, except Methuselah and himself, who were of immense stature as they were descended from the sons of God. At God's command they both announced that one hundred and twenty years would be given to men for repentance; if in that time they had not mended their evil ways, the earth would be destr

Methuselah [SEP] In other religious texts

The apocryphal Book of Enoch claims to be revelations of Enoch, transcribed by him and entrusted to be preserved for future generations by his son, Methuselah. In this book, Enoch recounts two visions he has had to Methuselah. The first is about the Genesis flood narrative, and the second chronicles the history of the world from Adam to the Last Judgment. In the latter vision, men are represented as animals - the righteous are white cattle and sheep, the sinners and enemies of Israel are black cattle and wild animals. Following his father's death in the Book of Enoch, Methuselah is designated by God as a priest, while Methuselah's grandson, Noah's brother Nir, is designated by God as his successor.


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: has he been mentioned in any other sacred texts?

Context: Yes, in the Book of Jubilees and the Rabbinic literature.

Question: what is the first one about?

Answer: It is an ancient Jewish religious work of 50 chapters.

Book of Jubilees [SEP] Introduction

The Book of Jubilees, sometimes called Lesser Genesis (Leptogenesis), is an ancient Jewish religious work of 50 chapters, considered canonical by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church as well as Beta Israel (Ethiopian Jews), where it is known as the "Book of Division" (Ge'ez: መጽሐፈ ኩፋሌ "Mets'hafe Kufale"). "Jubilees" is considered one of the pseudepigrapha by Protestant, Roman Catholic, and Eastern Orthodox Churches. It is also not considered canonical within Judaism outside of Beta Israel. It was well known to Early Christians, as evidenced by the writings of Epiphanius, Justin Martyr, Origen, Diodorus of Tarsus, Isidore of Alexandria, Isidore of Seville, Eutychius of Alexandria, John Malalas, George Syncellus, and George Kedrenos.


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: It is an ancient Jewish religious work of 50 chapters.

Question: did any early written records of this book survive?

Answer: Yes, extensive fragments among the Dead Sea Scrolls and four complete Ge'ez texts.

Book of Jubilees [SEP] Manuscripts

Until the discovery of extensive fragments among the Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS), the only surviving manuscripts of "Jubilees" were four complete Ge'ez texts dating to the 15th and 16th centuries, and several quotations by the Church fathers such as Epiphanius, Justin Martyr, Origen as well as Diodorus of Tarsus, Isidore of Alexandria, Isidore of Seville, Eutychius of Alexandria, John Malalas, George Syncellus, and George Kedrenos. There is also a preserved fragment of a Latin translation of the Greek that contains about a quarter of the whole work. The Ethiopic texts, now numbering twenty-seven, are the primary basis for translations into English.


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: did any early written records of this book survive?

Context: Yes, extensive fragments among the Dead Sea Scrolls and four complete Ge'ez texts.

Question: where were the former discovered?

Answer: Qumran Caves in the Judaean Desert, near Ein Feshkha on the northern shore of the Dead Sea in the West Bank.

Dead Sea Scrolls [SEP] Introduction

The Dead Sea Scrolls (also the Qumran Caves Scrolls) are ancient Jewish religious manuscripts that were found in the Qumran Caves in the Judaean Desert, near Ein Feshkha on the northern shore of the Dead Sea in the West Bank. Scholarly consensus dates these scrolls from the last three centuries BC and the first century AD. The texts have great historical, religious, and linguistic significance because they include the second-oldest known surviving manuscripts of works later included in the Hebrew Bible canon, along with deuterocanonical and extra-biblical manuscripts which preserve evidence of the diversity of religious thought in late Second Temple Judaism.


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: Qumran Caves in the Judaean Desert, near Ein Feshkha on the northern shore of the Dead Sea in the West Bank.

Question: how does this sea get its name?

Answer: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Dead Sea [SEP] Etymology and toponymy

In Hebrew, the Dead Sea is ' (), meaning "sea of salt" (Genesis 14:3). The Bible uses this term alongside two others: the Sea of the Arabah (' ), and the Eastern Sea (' ). The designation "Dead Sea" never appears in the Bible. In prose sometimes the term ' (, "sea of death") is used, due to the scarcity of aquatic life there. In Arabic, the Dead Sea is called ("the Dead Sea"), or less commonly ' (, "the Sea of Lot"). Another historic name in Arabic was the "Sea of Zoʼar", after a nearby town in biblical times.


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: how does this sea get its name?

Context: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Question: what are the climatic conditions like here?

Answer: Hot desert climate.

Dead Sea [SEP] Climate

The Dead Sea has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), with year-round sunny skies and dry air. It has less than mean annual rainfall and a summer average temperature between . Winter average temperatures range between . The region has weaker ultraviolet radiation, particularly the UVB (erythrogenic rays). Given the higher atmospheric pressure, the air has a slightly higher oxygen content (3.3% in summer to 4.8% in winter) as compared to oxygen concentration at sea level. Barometric pressures at the Dead Sea were measured between 1061 and 1065 hPa and clinically compared with health effects at higher altitude.


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: how does this sea get its name?

Context: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Context: what are the climatic conditions like here?

Context: Hot desert climate.

Question: is this place mentioned in the bible?

Answer: Yes.

Explanation: Dwelling in caves near the Dead Sea is recorded in the Hebrew Bible as having taken place before the Israelites came to Canaan, and extensively at the time of King David.

Dead Sea [SEP] Biblical period

Before the destruction, the Dead Sea was a valley full of natural tar pits, which was called the vale of Siddim. King David was said to have hidden from Saul at Ein Gedi nearby. In there is a specific prophecy that the sea will "be healed and made fresh", becoming a normal lake capable of supporting marine life. A similar prophecy is stated in , which says that "living waters will go out from Jerusalem, half of them to the eastern sea [likely the Dead Sea] and half to the western sea [the Mediterranean]."


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: how does this sea get its name?

Context: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Context: Hot desert climate.

Context: is this place mentioned in the bible?

Context: Yes.

Question: what animals are found here?

Answer: Algae and halobacteria.

Explanation: after one such rainy winter, the normally dark blue Dead Sea turned red. Researchers from Hebrew University of Jerusalem found the Dead Sea to be teeming with a type of alga called "Dunaliella". "Dunaliella" in turn nourished carotenoid-containing (red-pigmented) halobacteria, whose presence caused the color change. Since 1980, the Dead Sea basin has been dry and the algae and the bacteria have not returned in measurable numbers.

Dead Sea [SEP] Fauna and flora

"Dunaliella" in turn nourished carotenoid-containing (red-pigmented) halobacteria, whose presence caused the color change. Since 1980, the Dead Sea basin has been dry and the algae and the bacteria have not returned in measurable numbers. In 2011 a group of scientists from Be'er Sheva, Israel and Germany discovered fissures in the floor of the Dead Sea by scuba diving and observing the surface. These fissures allow fresh and brackish water to enter the Dead Sea. They sampled biofilms surrounding the fissures and discovered numerous species of bacteria and archaea.


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: how does this sea get its name?

Context: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Context: Hot desert climate.

Context: is this place mentioned in the bible?

Context: Yes.

Context: what animals are found here?

Context: Algae and halobacteria.

Question: how was this formed?

Answer: There are 2 theories - one is that the Dead Sea lies in a true rift zone and the other is that its a consequence of a "step-over" discontinuity along the Dead Sea Transform, creating an extension of the crust with consequent subsidence.

Explanation: There are two contending hypotheses about the origin of the low elevation of the Dead Sea. The older hypothesis is that the Dead Sea lies in a true rift zone, an extension of the Red Sea Rift, or even of the Great Rift Valley of eastern Africa. A more recent hypothesis is that the Dead Sea basin is a consequence of a "step-over" discontinuity along the Dead Sea Transform, creating an extension of the crust with consequent subsidence.

Dead Sea [SEP] Formation theories


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: how does this sea get its name?

Context: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Context: Hot desert climate.

Context: is this place mentioned in the bible?

Context: Yes.

Context: what animals are found here?

Context: Algae and halobacteria.

Context: how was this formed?

Context: There are 2 theories - one is that the Dead Sea lies in a true rift zone and the other is that its a consequence of a "step-over" discontinuity along the Dead Sea Transform, creating an extension of the crust with consequent subsidence.

Question: what are the cultural significance of the biblical character mentioned earlier?

Answer: It has become a synonym for longevity.

Methuselah [SEP] Cultural influence

According to the "Catholic Encyclopedia", Methuselah's name "has become a synonym for longevity". Saying that someone is "as old as Methuselah" is a humorous way of saying that someone is very elderly. The word "Methuselarity," a blend of Methuselah and singularity, was coined by Aubrey de Grey to mean a future point in time when all of the medical conditions that cause human death would be eliminated, and death would occur only by accident or homicide. A -year-old Great Basin bristlecone pine ("Pinus longaeva") tree growing high in the White Mountains of Inyo County in eastern California is called Methuselah.


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: how does this sea get its name?

Context: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Context: Hot desert climate.

Context: is this place mentioned in the bible?

Context: Yes.

Context: what animals are found here?

Context: Algae and halobacteria.

Context: how was this formed?

Context: what are the cultural significance of the biblical character mentioned earlier?

Context: It has become a synonym for longevity.

Question: what legends surround him?

Answer: He serves the symbolic function of linking the Creation and the Flood.

Methuselah [SEP] Symbolic

Methuselah's father Enoch, who does not die but is taken by God, is the seventh patriarch, and Methuselah, the eighth, dies in the year of the Flood, which ends the ten-generational sequence from Adam to Noah, in whose time the world is destroyed. Boia believes that Methuselah serves the symbolic function of linking the Creation and the Flood, as Adam would have died during Methuselah's lifetime and Methuselah could have learned about the Garden of Eden from Adam. The kings of the "Sumerian King List" lived for over a thousand years, and Mesopotamians believed both that living over a thousand years made someone divine or somewhat divine, and that their contemporary kings were descended from the kings of the "Sumerian King List".


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: how does this sea get its name?

Context: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Context: Hot desert climate.

Context: is this place mentioned in the bible?

Context: Yes.

Context: what animals are found here?

Context: Algae and halobacteria.

Context: how was this formed?

Context: It has become a synonym for longevity.

Context: what legends surround him?

Context: He serves the symbolic function of linking the Creation and the Flood.

Question: does he symbolize anything else?

Answer: His age is used to give the impression that part of Genesis takes place in a very distant past.

Explanation:
 Chronicles and the Gospel of Luke.

His life is described in further detail in extra-biblical religious texts such as the Book of Enoch, Slavonic Enoch, and the Book of Moses. Bible commentators have offered various explanations as to why the Book of Genesis describes him as having died at such an advanced age; some believe that Methuselah's age is the result of a mistranslation, while others believe that his age is used to give the impression that part of Genesis takes place in a very distant past. Methuselah's name has become synonymous with longevity, and he has been portrayed and referenced in film, television and music.

Methuselah [SEP] Introduction


Context: who lived for many years in the bible

Context: Methuselah.

Context: what is the first one about?

Context: where were the former discovered?

Context: how does this sea get its name?

Context: Hebrew, meaning "sea of salt".

Context: Hot desert climate.

Context: is this place mentioned in the bible?

Context: Yes.

Context: what animals are found here?

Context: Algae and halobacteria.

Context: how was this formed?

Context: It has become a synonym for longevity.

Context: what legends surround him?

Context: does he symbolize anything else?

Context: His age is used to give the impression that part of Genesis takes place in a very distant past.

Question: how is salt extracted from the sea?

Answer: It can be either mined or through the mechanical evaporation of brine.

Explanation: is extracted from the vast sedimentary deposits which have been laid down over the millennia from the evaporation of seas and lakes. These are either mined directly, producing rock salt, or are extracted in solution by pumping water into the deposit. In either case, the salt may be purified by mechanical evaporation of brine. Traditionally, this was done in shallow open pans which were heated to increase the rate of evaporation. More recent

Salt [SEP] Production

These are either mined directly, producing rock salt, or are extracted in solution by pumping water into the deposit. In either case, the salt may be purified by mechanical evaporation of brine. Traditionally, this was done in shallow open pans which were heated to increase the rate of evaporation. More recently, the process is performed in pans under vacuum. The raw salt is refined to purify it and improve its storage and handling characteristics. This usually involves recrystallization during which a brine solution is treated with chemicals that precipitate most impurities (largely magnesium and calcium salts). Multiple stages of evaporation are then used to collect pure sodium chloride crystals, which are kiln-dried.


Question: where is the adriatic sea located on a map

Answer: It is bordered in the southwest by the Apennine or Italian Peninsula, in the northwest by the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia, and in the northeast by Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Albania—the Balkan peninsula.

Adriatic Sea [SEP] Geography

The Adriatic Sea is a semi-enclosed sea, bordered in the southwest by the Apennine or Italian Peninsula, in the northwest by the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia, and in the northeast by Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Albania—the Balkan peninsula. In the southeast, the Adriatic Sea connects to the Ionian Sea at the wide Strait of Otranto. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) defines the boundary between the Adriatic and the Ionian seas as a line running from the Butrinto River's mouth (latitude 39°44'N) in Albania to the Karagol Cape in Corfu, through this island to the Kephali Cape (these two capes are in latitude 39°45'N), and on to the Santa Maria di Leuca Cape (latitude 39°48'N).


Context: where is the adriatic sea located on a map

Context: It is bordered in the southwest by the Apennine or Italian Peninsula, in the northwest by the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia, and in the northeast by Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Albania—the Balkan peninsula.

Question: can any natural resources be found there?

Answer: Yes, gas and oil

Adriatic Sea [SEP] Oil and gas

INA estimates, however, are 50% lower than those supplied by Eni. Oil was discovered in the Northern Adriatic at a depth of approximately ; the discovery was assessed as not viable because of its location, depth and quality. These gas and oil reserves are part of the Po basin Province of Northern Italy and the Northern Mediterranean Sea. In the 2000s, investigation works aimed at discovering gas and oil reserves in the Middle and Southern Adriatic basins intensified, and by the decade's end, oil and natural gas reserves were discovered southeast of the Bari, Brindisi—Rovesti and Giove oil discoveries. Surveys indicate reserves of 3 billion barrels of oil in place and of gas in place.


Context: can any natural resources be found there?

Context: Yes, gas and oil

Question: what is the archeological significance of the first north western region?

Answer: In May 2020, the discovery of a well-preserved Roman mosaic floor dating to the 3rd century AD buried underneath a vineyard at Negrar is reported after about a century of searching the site of a long-lost villa

Veneto [SEP] Archaeology

In May 2020, the discovery of a well-preserved Roman mosaic floor dating to the 3rd century AD buried underneath a vineyard at Negrar is reported after about a century of searching the site of a long-lost villa.


Context: Yes, gas and oil

Context: what is the archeological significance of the first north western region?

Context: In May 2020, the discovery of a well-preserved Roman mosaic floor dating to the 3rd century AD buried underneath a vineyard at Negrar is reported after about a century of searching the site of a long-lost villa

Question: which are the prominent mountains there?

Answer: Cortina d'Ampezzo and Tre Cime di Lavaredo.

Veneto [SEP] Mountains

Cortina d'Ampezzo, it is situated in the province of Belluno and is one of the most exclusive mountain locations in Europe together with Kitzbühel in Austria and St. Moritz in Switzerland. It was scene of the 1956 Winter Olympics and will host once again in 2026 alongside Milan. To the north there are the Tre Cime di Lavaredo, said to be a symbol of the Italian Dolomites. Arabba lies between the Sella group and the Marmolada. Auronzo is in the upper Cadore.


Context: Yes, gas and oil

Context: which are the prominent mountains there?

Context: Cortina d'Ampezzo and Tre Cime di Lavaredo.

Question: when did first human settlement happen at first province in the north east mentioned above?

Answer: There is evidence of human habitation from around 250,000 years ago

Slovenia [SEP] Prehistory

Present-day Slovenia has been inhabited since prehistoric times. There is evidence of human habitation from around 250,000 years ago. A pierced cave bear bone, dating from 43100 ± 700 BP, found in 1995 in Divje Babe cave near Cerkno, is considered a kind of flute, and possibly the oldest musical instrument discovered in the world. In the 1920s and 1930s, artifacts belonging to the Cro-Magnon, such as pierced bones, bone points, and a needle were found by archaeologist Srečko Brodar in Potok Cave. In 2002, remains of pile dwellings over 4,500 years old were discovered in the Ljubljana Marshes, now protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Ljubljana Marshes Wooden Wheel, the oldest wooden wheel in the world.


Context: Yes, gas and oil

Context: when did first human settlement happen at first province in the north east mentioned above?

Context: There is evidence of human habitation from around 250,000 years ago

Question: which different kingdoms are a part of history of this place?

Answer: Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes

Slovenia [SEP] Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia)

On 1 December 1918, the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs merged with Serbia, becoming part of the new Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes; in 1929 it was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The main territory of Slovenia, being the most industrialized and westernized compared to other less developed parts of Yugoslavia, became the main center of industrial production: Compared to Serbia, for example, Slovenian industrial production was four times greater; and it was 22 times greater than in North Macedonia. The interwar period brought further industrialization in Slovenia, with rapid economic growth in the 1920s, followed by a relatively successful economic adjustment to the 1929 economic crisis and Great Depression.


Context: Yes, gas and oil

Context: which different kingdoms are a part of history of this place?

Context: Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes

Question: are there any traditional identities?

Answer: The capital city Ljubljana was historically the administrative center of Carniola and belonged to Inner Carniola, except for the Šentvid district, which was in Upper Carniola and also where the border between German-annexed territory and the Italian Province of Ljubljana was during the Second World War

Slovenia [SEP] Traditional regions and identities

Traditional regions were based on the former Habsburg crown lands that included Carniola, Carinthia, Styria, and the Littoral. Stronger than with either the Carniola as a whole, or with Slovenia as the state, Slovenes historically tend to identify themselves with the traditional regions of Slovene Littoral, Prekmurje, and even traditional (sub)regions, such as Upper, Lower and, to a lesser extent, Inner Carniola. The capital city Ljubljana was historically the administrative center of Carniola and belonged to Inner Carniola, except for the Šentvid district, which was in Upper Carniola and also where the border between German-annexed territory and the Italian Province of Ljubljana was during the Second World War.


Context: Yes, gas and oil

Context: Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes

Context: are there any traditional identities?

Context: The capital city Ljubljana was historically the administrative center of Carniola and belonged to Inner Carniola, except for the Šentvid district, which was in Upper Carniola and also where the border between German-annexed territory and the Italian Province of Ljubljana was during the Second World War

Question: which are the natural regions?

Answer: Traditional regions were based on the former Habsburg crown lands that included Carniola, Carinthia, Styria, and the Littoral

Explanation: Traditional regions were based on the former Habsburg crown lands that included Carniola, Carinthia, Styria, and the Littoral. Stronger than with either the Carniola as a whole, or with Slovenia as the state, Slovenes historically tend to identify themselves with the traditional regions of Slovene Littoral, Prekmurje, and even traditional (sub)regions, such as Up


Context: Yes, gas and oil

Context: Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes

Context: are there any traditional identities?

Context: which are the natural regions?

Context: Traditional regions were based on the former Habsburg crown lands that included Carniola, Carinthia, Styria, and the Littoral

Question: what are the famous food items there?

Answer: "ričet", Istrian stew (), minestrone (), and "žganci "buckwheat spoonbread

Slovenia [SEP] Cuisine

Slovenian cuisine is a mixture of Central European cuisine (especially Austrian and Hungarian), Mediterranean cuisine and Balkan cuisine. Historically, Slovenian cuisine was divided into town, farmhouse, cottage, castle, parsonage and monastic cuisines. Due to the variety of Slovenian cultural and natural landscapes, there are more than 40 distinct regional cuisines. Ethnologically, the most characteristic Slovene dishes were one-pot dishes, such as "ričet", Istrian stew (), minestrone (), and "žganci "buckwheat spoonbread; in the Prekmurje region there is also "bujta repa", and "prekmurska gibanica" pastry. Pršut prosciutto is known as () in the Slovene Littoral. The nut roll () has become a symbol of Slovenia, especially among the Slovene diaspora in the United States.


Context: Yes, gas and oil

Context: Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes

Context: are there any traditional identities?

Context: which are the natural regions?

Context: what are the famous food items there?

Context: "ričet", Istrian stew (), minestrone (), and "žganci "buckwheat spoonbread

Question: what are different variations of the third dish?

Answer: "Minestrone alla Genovese" is a variant typical of Liguria, which contains greater use of herbs, including pesto.

Minestrone [SEP] Regional variations

"Minestrone alla Genovese" is a variant typical of Liguria, which contains greater use of herbs, including pesto. "Minestra" is a variant from Malta, which prominently features "kunserva" (a thick tomato paste), potatoes, kohlrabi, cauliflower and sometimes spaghetti.


Question: who bombed yawata?

Answer: United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) strategic bombers

Bombing of Yawata (June 1944) [SEP] Introduction

The Bombing of Yawata on the night of 15/16 June 1944 was the first air raid on the Japanese home islands conducted by United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) strategic bombers during World War II. The raid was undertaken by 75 B-29 Superfortress heavy bombers staging from bases in China. Only 47 of these aircraft bombed the raid's primary target, the Imperial Iron and Steel Works at Yawata in northern Kyūshū, and little damage was caused. Five B-29s were lost in accidents during the operation and two were destroyed by Japanese aircraft. While the raid did not achieve its aims, it had other effects.


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) strategic bombers

Question: where is this place that was bombed?

Answer: Japan

Bombing of Yawata (June 1944) [SEP] Background

The first United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) raid on Japan took place on 18 April 1942 when 16 B-25 Mitchell medium bombers flying from an aircraft carrier attacked several cities during the Doolittle Raid. Although this raid caused little damage, it boosted morale in the United States. The Japanese government responded to the attack by both increasing the number of fighter units based in the home islands and conducting an offensive in the Pacific Ocean which ended in defeat during the Battle of Midway. The USAAF was not able to mount further attacks on the Japanese home islands after this raid, however, as none of its combat aircraft had sufficient range to reach this area from bases in China or the Pacific until the B-29 Superfortress heavy bomber was ready for combat.


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: where is this place that was bombed?

Context: Japan

Question: what happened in the aftermath?

Answer: The raid demonstrated that Japan had too few air bases and not enough aircraft were available for night operations. It was also found that the Toryu fighter was not well suited to intercepting B-29s as it was slower than the bombers, too lightly armed and most aircraft lacked radar.

Explanation: The Yawata raid revealed serious shortcomings in Japan's air defenses. While the 19th Air Brigade initially claimed to have shot down eight B-29s and damaged a further four, it was soon determined that only two of the bombers had been destroyed. This loss ratio was considered too low to defeat attacks on the home islands. The raid demonstrated that Japan had too few air bases and not enough aircraft were available for night operations. It was also found that the Toryu fighter was not well suited to intercepting B-29s as it was slower than the bombers, too lightly armed and most aircraft lacked radar.

Bombing of Yawata (June 1944) [SEP] Aftermath

landing at Saipan on the same day also indicated to Japanese civilians that the war was not going well. In response to the raid Japanese Government ministers urged families living the country's four major cities to evacuate their children to rural areas. The 15/16 June 1944 raid on Yawata marked the beginning of the USAAF's strategic bombing campaign against Japan. The city was struck again by B-29s during daylight and night raids on 20 August, but no serious damage was caused. XX Bomber Command conducted 49 raids from its bases in China and India between June 1944 and March 1945, of which nine were made on targets in the Japanese home islands, but Operation Matterhorn did not achieve its goals.


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: where is this place that was bombed?

Context: Japan

Context: what happened in the aftermath?

Context: The raid demonstrated that Japan had too few air bases and not enough aircraft were available for night operations. It was also found that the Toryu fighter was not well suited to intercepting B-29s as it was slower than the bombers, too lightly armed and most aircraft lacked radar.

Question: what was the name of this raid?

Answer: Doolittle Raid


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: where is this place that was bombed?

Context: Japan

Context: what happened in the aftermath?

Context: what was the name of this raid?

Context: Doolittle Raid

Question: was it named after somebody?

Answer: James Doolittle

Doolittle Raid [SEP] Introduction

The Doolittle Raid, also known as the Tokyo Raid, was an air raid on 18 April 1942 by the United States on the Japanese capital Tokyo and other places on Honshu during World War II. It was the first air operation to strike the Japanese archipelago. It demonstrated that the Japanese mainland was vulnerable to American air attack, served as retaliation for the attack on Pearl Harbor, and provided an important boost to American morale. The raid was planned, led by, and named after Lieutenant Colonel James Doolittle, later General of the United States Air Force. Sixteen B-25B Mitchell medium bombers were launched without fighter escort from the U.S.


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: where is this place that was bombed?

Context: Japan

Context: what happened in the aftermath?

Context: what was the name of this raid?

Context: Doolittle Raid

Context: was it named after somebody?

Context: James Doolittle

Question: was he an officer?

Answer: Yes, he was the General of the United States Air Force.

Doolittle Raid [SEP] Introduction


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: where is this place that was bombed?

Context: Japan

Context: what happened in the aftermath?

Context: what was the name of this raid?

Context: Doolittle Raid

Context: was it named after somebody?

Context: James Doolittle

Context: was he an officer?

Context: Yes, he was the General of the United States Air Force.

Question: what type of airplanes are used as bombers?

Answer: 75 B-29 Superfortress heavy bombers

Explanation: The raid was undertaken by 75 B-29 Superfortress heavy bombers staging from bases in China.


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: where is this place that was bombed?

Context: Japan

Context: what happened in the aftermath?

Context: what was the name of this raid?

Context: Doolittle Raid

Context: was it named after somebody?

Context: James Doolittle

Context: was he an officer?

Context: what type of airplanes are used as bombers?

Context: 75 B-29 Superfortress heavy bombers

Question: when was the usaaf created?

Answer: 20 June 1941

United States Army Air Forces [SEP] Introduction

The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF) was the major land-based aerial warfare service component of the United States Army and "de facto" aerial warfare service branch of the United States during and immediately after World War II (1939/41–1945). It was created on 20 June 1941 as successor to the previous United States Army Air Corps and is the direct predecessor of the United States Air Force, today one of the six armed forces of the United States. The AAF was a component of the United States Army, which on 2 March 1942 was divided functionally by executive order into three autonomous forces: the Army Ground Forces, the Services of Supply (which in 1943 became the Army Service Forces), and the Army Air Forces.


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: where is this place that was bombed?

Context: Japan

Context: what happened in the aftermath?

Context: what was the name of this raid?

Context: Doolittle Raid

Context: was it named after somebody?

Context: James Doolittle

Context: was he an officer?

Context: 75 B-29 Superfortress heavy bombers

Context: when was the usaaf created?

Context: 20 June 1941

Question: what kind of aircraft do they have?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: who bombed yawata?

Context: where is this place that was bombed?

Context: Japan

Context: what happened in the aftermath?

Context: what was the name of this raid?

Context: Doolittle Raid

Context: was it named after somebody?

Context: James Doolittle

Context: was he an officer?

Context: 75 B-29 Superfortress heavy bombers

Context: when was the usaaf created?

Context: 20 June 1941

Context: what kind of aircraft do they have?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: describe their badge

Answer: Most aviation badges were made of sterling silver or were given a silver finish, and various devices were used to attach them to uniforms. These included the traditional pin and safety catch and, later, clutch-back fasteners.

Explanation: Most aviation badges were made of sterling silver or were given a silver finish, and various devices were used to attach them to uniforms. These included the traditional pin and safety catch and, later, clutch-back fasteners.

United States Army Air Forces [SEP] Badges

These included the traditional pin and safety catch and, later, clutch-back fasteners. Most USAAF badges of World War II became obsolete, having been superseded by later designs or with their aeronautical rating discontinued, and were not authorized for wear on the uniform after 1955.


Question: when did jungle book come out in theaters

Answer: October 18, 1967

Explanation: October 18, 1967

The Jungle Book (1967 film) [SEP] Introduction

The casting employed famous actors and musicians Phil Harris, Sebastian Cabot, George Sanders and Louis Prima, as well as Disney regulars such as Sterling Holloway, J. Pat O'Malley and Verna Felton, and the director's son, Bruce Reitherman, as Mowgli. "The Jungle Book" was released on October 18, 1967, to positive reception, with acclaim for its soundtrack, featuring five songs by the Sherman Brothers and one by Gilkyson, "The Bare Necessities". The film initially became Disney's second-highest-grossing animated film in the United States and Canada, and was also successful during its re-releases. The film was also successful throughout the world, becoming Germany's highest-grossing film by number of admissions.


Context: when did jungle book come out in theaters

Context: October 18, 1967

Question: who directed it?

Answer: Wolfgang Reitherman

Explanation: Directed by Wolfgang Reitherman,

The Jungle Book is a 1967 American animated musical comedy film produced by Walt Disney Productions. Based on Rudyard Kipling's 1894 book of the same name, it is the 19th Disney animated feature film. Directed by Wolfgang Reitherman, it was the last film to be produced by Walt Disney, who died during its production. The plot follows Mowgli, a feral child raised in the Indian jungle by wolves, as his friends Bagheera the panther and Baloo the bear try to convince him to leave the jungle before the evil tiger Shere Khan arrives. The early versions of both the screenplay and the soundtrack followed Kipling's work more closely, with a dramatic, dark, and sinister tone which Disney did not want in his family film, leading to writer Bill Peet and composer Terry Gilkyson being replaced.


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Question: was it based on any book?

Answer: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Explanation: Based on Rudyard Kipling's 1894 book of the same name,


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Question: who was the author of this book?

Answer: Rudyard Kipling

Explanation: Rudyard Kipling


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Question: where was he from?

Answer: Bombay

Explanation: Bombay

Rudyard Kipling [SEP] Childhood (1865–1882)

Rudyard Kipling was born on 30 December 1865 in Bombay, in the Bombay Presidency of British India, to Alice Kipling (née MacDonald) and John Lockwood Kipling. Alice (one of the four noted MacDonald sisters) was a vivacious woman, of whom Lord Dufferin would say, "Dullness and Mrs Kipling cannot exist in the same room." John Lockwood Kipling, a sculptor and pottery designer, was the Principal and Professor of Architectural Sculpture at the newly founded Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy School of Art in Bombay. John Lockwood and Alice had met in 1863 and courted at Rudyard Lake in Rudyard, Staffordshire, England. They married and moved to India in 1865.


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Question: where did he study?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what are his other famous works?

Answer: His poems include "Mandalay" , "Gunga Din" , "The Gods of the Copybook Headings" , "The White Man's Burden", and "If—"

Rudyard Kipling [SEP] Introduction

Joseph Rudyard Kipling ( ; 30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936) was an English journalist, short-story writer, poet, and novelist. He was born in India, which inspired much of his work. Kipling's works of fiction include "The Jungle Book" (1894), "Kim" (1901), and many short stories, including "The Man Who Would Be King" (1888). His poems include "Mandalay" (1890), "Gunga Din" (1890), "The Gods of the Copybook Headings" (1919), "The White Man's Burden" (1899), and "If—" (1910). He is seen as an innovator in the art of the short story. His children's books are classics; one critic noted "a versatile and luminous narrative gift." Kipling in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was among the United Kingdom's most popular writers.


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: His poems include "Mandalay" , "Gunga Din" , "The Gods of the Copybook Headings" , "The White Man's Burden", and "If—"

Question: what does the first one deal with?

Answer: The poem is set in colonial Burma, then part of British India. The protagonist is a Cockney working-class soldier, back in grey restrictive London, recalling the time he felt free and had a Burmese girlfriend, now unattainably far away.

Mandalay (poem) [SEP] Introduction

"Mandalay" is a poem by Rudyard Kipling, written and published in 1890, and first collected in "Barrack-Room Ballads, and Other Verses" in 1892. The poem is set in colonial Burma, then part of British India. The protagonist is a Cockney working-class soldier, back in grey restrictive London, recalling the time he felt free and had a Burmese girlfriend, now unattainably far away. The poem became well known, especially after it was set to music by Oley Speaks in 1907, and was admired by Kipling's contemporaries, though some of them objected to its muddled geography. It has been criticised as a "vehicle for imperial thought", but more recently has been defended by Kipling's biographer David Gilmour and others.


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: The poem is set in colonial Burma, then part of British India. The protagonist is a Cockney working-class soldier, back in grey restrictive London, recalling the time he felt free and had a Burmese girlfriend, now unattainably far away.

Question: when was it written?

Answer: 1890

Explanation: written and published in 1890,

Mandalay (poem) [SEP] Introduction


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Question: under which banner did he publish it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Mandalay (poem) [SEP] Introduction


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Context: under which banner did he publish it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what theme did it discuss?

Answer: Exotic erotica, Victorian prudishness, romanticism, class, power, and gender.

Mandalay (poem) [SEP] Introduction

Other critics have identified a variety of themes in the poem, including exotic erotica, Victorian prudishness, romanticism, class, power, and gender. The song, with Speaks's music, was sung by Frank Sinatra with alterations to the text such as "broad" for "girl" which were disliked by Kipling's family. Bertolt Brecht's "Mandalay Song", set to music by Kurt Weill, alludes to the poem.


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Context: under which banner did he publish it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what theme did it discuss?

Context: Exotic erotica, Victorian prudishness, romanticism, class, power, and gender.

Question: what was the genre of the film?

Answer: Animated musical comedy film

Explanation: animated musical comedy film


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Context: under which banner did he publish it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what theme did it discuss?

Context: what was the genre of the film?

Context: Animated musical comedy film

Question: who produced it?

Answer: Walt Disney Productions

Explanation: Walt Disney Productions.


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Context: under which banner did he publish it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what theme did it discuss?

Context: what was the genre of the film?

Context: Animated musical comedy film

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Productions

Question: who handled the music in it?

Answer: The instrumental music was written by George Bruns and orchestrated by Walter Sheets.

The Jungle Book (1967 film) [SEP] Music

The instrumental music was written by George Bruns and orchestrated by Walter Sheets. Two of the cues were reused from previous Disney films. The scene where Mowgli wakes up after escaping King Louie used one of Bruns' themes for "Sleeping Beauty"; and the scene where Bagheera gives a eulogy to Baloo when he mistakenly thinks the bear was killed by Shere Khan used Paul J. Smith's organ score from "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs". The score features eight original songs: seven by the Sherman Brothers and one by Terry Gilkyson. Longtime Disney collaborator Gilkyson was the first songwriter to bring several complete songs that followed the book closely but Walt Disney felt that his efforts were too dark.


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Context: under which banner did he publish it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what theme did it discuss?

Context: what was the genre of the film?

Context: Animated musical comedy film

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Productions

Context: who handled the music in it?

Context: The instrumental music was written by George Bruns and orchestrated by Walter Sheets.

Question: when was it premiered?

Answer: October 18, 1967

Explanation: October 18, 1967,


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Context: under which banner did he publish it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what theme did it discuss?

Context: what was the genre of the film?

Context: Animated musical comedy film

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Productions

Context: who handled the music in it?

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 18, 1967

Question: where?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Context: under which banner did he publish it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what theme did it discuss?

Context: what was the genre of the film?

Context: Animated musical comedy film

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Productions

Context: who handled the music in it?

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 18, 1967

Context: where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who were the voice actors?

Answer: Phil Harris, Sebastian Cabot, George Sanders and Louis Prima

Explanation: Phil Harris, Sebastian Cabot, George Sanders and Louis Prima


Context: October 18, 1967

Context: who directed it?

Context: Wolfgang Reitherman

Context: was it based on any book?

Context: Yes, 1894 book of the same name

Context: who was the author of this book?

Context: Rudyard Kipling

Context: where was he from?

Context: Bombay

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are his other famous works?

Context: what does the first one deal with?

Context: when was it written?

Context: under which banner did he publish it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what theme did it discuss?

Context: what was the genre of the film?

Context: Animated musical comedy film

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Productions

Context: who handled the music in it?

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 18, 1967

Context: where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who were the voice actors?

Context: Phil Harris, Sebastian Cabot, George Sanders and Louis Prima

Question: who is the last one?

Answer: He was an American singer, songwriter, bandleader, and trumpeter.

Louis Prima [SEP] Introduction

Louis Leo Prima (December 7, 1910 – August 24, 1978) was an American singer, songwriter, bandleader, and trumpeter. While rooted in New Orleans jazz, swing music, and jump blues, Prima touched on various genres throughout his career: he formed a seven-piece New Orleans-style jazz band in the late 1920s, fronted a swing combo in the 1930s and a big band group in the 1940s, helped to popularize jump blues in the late 1940s and early to mid 1950s, and performed frequently as a Vegas lounge act beginning in the 1950s. From the 1940s through the 1960s, his music further encompassed early R&B and rock'n'roll, boogie-woogie, and even Italian folk music, such as the tarantella.


Question: what do you mean by circinus?

Answer: A small, faint constellation in the southern sky

Circinus [SEP] Introduction

Circinus is a small, faint constellation in the southern sky, first defined in 1756 by the French astronomer Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille. Its name is Latin for compass, referring to the drafting tool used for drawing circles (it should not be confused with Pyxis, a constellation that represents a mariner's compass which points north). Its brightest star is Alpha Circini, with an apparent magnitude of 3.19. Slightly variable, it is the brightest rapidly oscillating Ap star in the night sky. AX Circini is a Cepheid variable visible with the unaided eye, and BX Circini is a faint star thought to have been formed from the merger of two white dwarfs.


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: A small, faint constellation in the southern sky

Question: who discovered it?

Answer: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Explanation: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Circinus [SEP] History

In 1756, French astronomer Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille introduced the constellation of Circinus with the French name "le Compas", representing a pair of dividing compasses, on a chart of the southern sky. On that chart, Lacaille portrayed the constellations of Norma, Circinus, and Triangulum Australe, respectively, as a set square and ruler, a compass, and a surveyor's level in a set of draughtsman's instruments. Circinus was given its current name in 1763, when Lacaille published an updated sky map with Latin names for the constellations he introduced.


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Question: when was it done?

Answer: 1756

Circinus [SEP] History


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Question: can you point out some of its features?

Answer: Bordered by Centaurus, Musca, Apus, Triangulum Australe and culminates each year at 9 p.m on 30 July.

Circinus [SEP] Characteristics

Bordered by Centaurus, Musca, Apus, Triangulum Australe, Norma and Lupus, Circinus lies adjacent to the Alpha and Beta Centauri stars. As it is at declination −50° to −70°, the whole constellation is only visible south of latitude 30° N. The official constellation boundaries, as set by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte in 1930, are defined by a polygon of 14 segments. In the equatorial coordinate system, the right ascension coordinates of these borders lie between and , and the declination coordinates are between −55.43° and −70.62°. Circinus culminates each year at 9 p.m. on 30 July. The recommended three-letter abbreviation for the constellation, as adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1922, is "Cir".


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Context: can you point out some of its features?

Context: Bordered by Centaurus, Musca, Apus, Triangulum Australe and culminates each year at 9 p.m on 30 July.

Question: how many stars are there in it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Circinus [SEP] Characteristics


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Context: can you point out some of its features?

Context: how many stars are there in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: name some of them?

Answer: Alpha Circini

Explanation: Alpha Circini, a white main sequence star with an apparent magnitude of 3.19, is 54 light-years away and 4° south of Alpha Centauri. Not only the brightest star in the constellation

Circinus [SEP] Stars

Several stars with planetary systems lie within the borders of Circinus, although none of the host stars are particularly prominent. HD 134060 is a sun-like yellow dwarf star of spectral type G0VFe+0.4 and magnitude 6.29, around 79 light-years away. Its two planets were discovered in 2011 through the radial velocity method: the smaller, HD 134060 b, has a mass of 0.0351 M (Jupiter masses) and orbits its star every 3.27 days, at 0.0444 AU; the larger, HD 134060 c (0.15 M), orbits farther out at 2.226 AU, with a period of approximately 1161 days. Even fainter, at magnitude 8.8, HD 129445 is 220 light-years away and has 99% of the Sun's mass and a similar spectral type of G8V.


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Context: can you point out some of its features?

Context: how many stars are there in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some of them?

Context: Alpha Circini

Question: which country does the astronomer belong to?

Answer: France

Explanation: was a French astronomer

Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille [SEP] Introduction

Abbé Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille, formerly sometimes spelled de la Caille, (; 15 March 1713 – 21 March 1762) was a French astronomer and geodesist who named 14 out of the 88 constellations. From 1750 to 1754 he studied the sky at the Cape of Good Hope in present-day South Africa. Lacaille observed over 10,000 stars using just a half-inch refractor.


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Context: can you point out some of its features?

Context: how many stars are there in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some of them?

Context: Alpha Circini

Context: which country does the astronomer belong to?

Context: France

Question: where did he do his education?

Answer: Collège de Navarre

Explanation: Collège de Navarre

Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille [SEP] Biography

Born at Rumigny, he attended school in Mantes-sur-Seine (now Mantes-la-Jolie). Afterwards, he studied rhetoric and philosophy at the and then theology at the Collège de Navarre. He was left destitute in 1731 by the death of his father, who had held a post in the household of the duchess of Vendôme. However, he was supported in his studies by the Duc de Bourbon, his father's former patron. After he graduated, he did not accept ordination as a priest but took deacon's orders, becoming an Abbé. He concentrated thereafter on science, and, through the patronage of Jacques Cassini, obtained employment, first in surveying the coast from Nantes to Bayonne, then, in 1739, in remeasuring the French meridian arc, for which he is honored with a pyramid at Juvisy-sur-Orge.


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Context: can you point out some of its features?

Context: how many stars are there in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some of them?

Context: Alpha Circini

Context: France

Context: where did he do his education?

Context: Collège de Navarre

Question: what did he start his career as?

Answer: Abbé

Explanation: After he graduated, he did not accept ordination as a priest but took deacon's orders, becoming an Abbé.


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Context: can you point out some of its features?

Context: how many stars are there in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some of them?

Context: Alpha Circini

Context: France

Context: where did he do his education?

Context: Collège de Navarre

Context: what did he start his career as?

Context: Abbé

Question: where?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Context: can you point out some of its features?

Context: how many stars are there in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some of them?

Context: Alpha Circini

Context: France

Context: where did he do his education?

Context: Collège de Navarre

Context: what did he start his career as?

Context: Abbé

Context: where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how was he honored?

Answer: He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille [SEP] Honours

In 1754, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He was also an honorary member of the academies of Saint Petersburg and Berlin, the Royal Society of London and the Royal Society of Göttingen, and the Institute of Bologna. Lacaille has the honor of naming 14 different constellations. List of credited constellations:


Context: what do you mean by circinus?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Context: when was it done?

Context: can you point out some of its features?

Context: how many stars are there in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some of them?

Context: Alpha Circini

Context: France

Context: where did he do his education?

Context: Collège de Navarre

Context: what did he start his career as?

Context: Abbé

Context: where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how was he honored?

Context: He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

Question: when did it happen?

Answer: 1754

Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille [SEP] Honours


Question: is python a programming language or a scripting language

Answer: It is a programming language.

Python (programming language) [SEP] Introduction

Python is an interpreted, high-level and general-purpose programming language. Created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991, Python's design philosophy emphasizes code readability with its notable use of significant whitespace. Its language constructs and object-oriented approach aim to help programmers write clear, logical code for small and large-scale projects. Python is dynamically typed and garbage-collected. It supports multiple programming paradigms, including structured (particularly, procedural), object-oriented, and functional programming. Python is often described as a "batteries included" language due to its comprehensive standard library. Python was created in the late 1980s as a successor to the ABC language. Python 2.0, released in 2000, introduced features like list comprehensions and a garbage collection system with reference counting.


Context: is python a programming language or a scripting language

Context: It is a programming language.

Question: what are some of its features?

Answer: It uses dynamic typing and a combination of reference counting and a cycle-detecting garbage collector for memory management. It also features dynamic name resolution, which binds method and variable names during program execution.

Python (programming language) [SEP] Features and philosophy

Python is a multi-paradigm programming language. Object-oriented programming and structured programming are fully supported, and many of its features support functional programming and aspect-oriented programming (including by metaprogramming and metaobjects (magic methods)). Many other paradigms are supported via extensions, including design by contract and logic programming. Python uses dynamic typing and a combination of reference counting and a cycle-detecting garbage collector for memory management. It also features dynamic name resolution (late binding), which binds method and variable names during program execution. Python's design offers some support for functional programming in the Lisp tradition. It has codice_2, codice_3, and codice_4 functions; list comprehensions, dictionaries, sets, and generator expressions.


Context: It is a programming language.

Context: what are some of its features?

Context: It uses dynamic typing and a combination of reference counting and a cycle-detecting garbage collector for memory management. It also features dynamic name resolution, which binds method and variable names during program execution.

Question: what are some other languages influenced by this one?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: It is a programming language.

Context: what are some of its features?

Context: what are some other languages influenced by this one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how would one define the particular type of language that was mentioned earlier?

Answer: In computer software, a general-purpose programming language is a programming language designed to be used for writing software in the widest variety of application domains.

General-purpose programming language [SEP] Introduction

In computer software, a general-purpose programming language is a programming language designed to be used for writing software in the widest variety of application domains (a general-purpose language). A general-purpose programming language has this status because it does not include language constructs designed to be used within a specific application domain. Conversely, a domain-specific programming language is one designed to be used within a specific application domain. Examples include page description languages and database query languages. The following are some general-purpose programming languages:


Context: It is a programming language.

Context: what are some of its features?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how would one define the particular type of language that was mentioned earlier?

Context: In computer software, a general-purpose programming language is a programming language designed to be used for writing software in the widest variety of application domains.

Question: what is the use of this language that is not for general-purpose?

Answer: It provides a structured mechanism for defining pieces of data, and the operations or transformations that may be carried out automatically on that data.

Programming language [SEP] Use

On the other hand, ideas about an algorithm can be communicated to humans without the precision required for execution by using pseudocode, which interleaves natural language with code written in a programming language. A programming language provides a structured mechanism for defining pieces of data, and the operations or transformations that may be carried out automatically on that data. A programmer uses the abstractions present in the language to represent the concepts involved in a computation. These concepts are represented as a collection of the simplest elements available (called primitives). "Programming" is the process by which programmers combine these primitives to compose new programs, or adapt existing ones to new uses or a changing environment.


Context: It is a programming language.

Context: what are some of its features?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the use of this language that is not for general-purpose?

Context: It provides a structured mechanism for defining pieces of data, and the operations or transformations that may be carried out automatically on that data.

Question: is there a particular type of typing in this?

Answer: Static versus dynamic typing and Weak and strong typing.

Programming language [SEP] Type system

A type system defines how a programming language classifies values and expressions into "types", how it can manipulate those types and how they interact. The goal of a type system is to verify and usually enforce a certain level of correctness in programs written in that language by detecting certain incorrect operations. Any decidable type system involves a trade-off: while it rejects many incorrect programs, it can also prohibit some correct, albeit unusual programs. In order to bypass this downside, a number of languages have "type loopholes", usually unchecked casts that may be used by the programmer to explicitly allow a normally disallowed operation between different types.


Context: It is a programming language.

Context: what are some of its features?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a particular type of typing in this?

Context: Static versus dynamic typing and Weak and strong typing.

Question: how is the measuring of the language done?

Answer: Determining which is the most widely used programming language is difficult since the definition of usage varies by context

Programming language [SEP] Measuring language usage

Determining which is the most widely used programming language is difficult since the definition of usage varies by context. One language may occupy the greater number of programmer hours, a different one has more lines of code, and a third may consume the most CPU time. Some languages are very popular for particular kinds of applications. For example, COBOL is still strong in the corporate data center, often on large mainframes; Fortran in scientific and engineering applications; Ada in aerospace, transportation, military, real-time and embedded applications; and C in embedded applications and operating systems. Other languages are regularly used to write many different kinds of applications.


Context: It is a programming language.

Context: what are some of its features?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the measuring of the language done?

Context: Determining which is the most widely used programming language is difficult since the definition of usage varies by context

Question: what about the management of the memory in this applications?

Answer: Several methods have been devised that increase the effectiveness of memory management

Memory management [SEP] Introduction

Memory management is a form of resource management applied to computer memory. The essential requirement of memory management is to provide ways to dynamically allocate portions of memory to programs at their request, and free it for reuse when no longer needed. This is critical to any advanced computer system where more than a single process might be underway at any time. Several methods have been devised that increase the effectiveness of memory management. Virtual memory systems separate the memory addresses used by a process from actual physical addresses, allowing separation of processes and increasing the size of the virtual address space beyond the available amount of RAM using paging or swapping to secondary storage.


Context: It is a programming language.

Context: what are some of its features?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what about the management of the memory in this applications?

Context: Several methods have been devised that increase the effectiveness of memory management

Question: what does the collection of garbage mean in this context?

Answer: It is a strategy for automatically detecting memory allocated to objects that are no longer usable in a program, and returning that allocated memory to a pool of free memory locations.

Memory management [SEP] Garbage collection

Garbage collection is a strategy for automatically detecting memory allocated to objects that are no longer usable in a program, and returning that allocated memory to a pool of free memory locations. This method is in contrast to "manual" memory management where a programmer explicitly codes memory requests and memory releases in the program. While automatic garbage has the advantages of reducing programmer workload and preventing certain kinds of memory allocation bugs, garbage collection does require memory resources of its own, and can compete with the application program for processor time.


Context: It is a programming language.

Context: what are some of its features?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does the collection of garbage mean in this context?

Context: It is a strategy for automatically detecting memory allocated to objects that are no longer usable in a program, and returning that allocated memory to a pool of free memory locations.

Question: which are the systems that use virtual type of memory?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: who composed the song 'band on the run'?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Band on the Run (song) [SEP] Introduction

"Band on the Run" is a song by the British–American rock band Paul McCartney and Wings, released as the title track to their 1973 album "Band on the Run". The song was released as a single in April 1974 in the US and in June 1974 in the UK, following the success of "Jet", and became an international chart success. The song topped the charts in the United States, also reaching number 3 in the United Kingdom. The single sold over one million copies in 1974 in America. It has since become one of the band's most famous songs. A medley of three distinct musical passages that vary in style from folk rock to funk, "Band on the Run" is one of McCartney's longest singles at 5:09.


Context: who composed the song 'band on the run'?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who is the singer?

Answer: Paul McCartney

Explanation: "Band on the Run" is a song by the British–American rock band Paul McCartney and Wings, released as the title track to their 1973 album "Band on the Run".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the singer?

Context: Paul McCartney

Question: are there any cover versions?

Answer: Yes, by Foo Fighters.

Band on the Run (song) [SEP] Cover versions

Since its release, "Band on the Run" has been covered by multiple artists. Former Wings member Denny Laine released a version of "Band on the Run" on his 1996 album "Wings at the Sound of Denny Laine". A cover version was recorded in 2007 by the rock band Foo Fighters as their contribution to the "" album; on 1 June 2008 McCartney was joined onstage by Foo Fighters lead singer Dave Grohl for a special performance of the song in Liverpool. Grohl played guitar and sang backing vocals on "Band on the Run" and then played drums on Beatles songs "Back in the U.S.S.R." and "I Saw Her Standing There".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the singer?

Context: Paul McCartney

Context: are there any cover versions?

Context: Yes, by Foo Fighters.

Question: which was their debut album?

Answer: "Foo Fighters"

Explanation: Prior to the release of Foo Fighters' 1995 debut album "Foo Fighters", which featured Grohl as the only official member, Grohl recruited bassist Nate Mendel and drummer William Goldsmith, both formerly of Sunny Day Real Estate, as well as Nirvana touring guitarist Pat Smear.

Foo Fighters [SEP] Introduction

The band began with performances in Portland, Oregon. Goldsmith quit during the recording of their second album, "The Colour and the Shape" (1997), when most of the drum parts were re-recorded by Grohl. Smear departed soon afterward, but appeared as a guest with the band frequently from 2006, and rejoined in 2011. They were replaced by Taylor Hawkins and Franz Stahl, respectively, although Stahl was fired before the recording of the group's third album, "There Is Nothing Left to Lose" (1999). The band briefly continued as a trio until Chris Shiflett joined on guitar after the completion of "There Is Nothing Left to Lose".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the singer?

Context: Paul McCartney

Context: are there any cover versions?

Context: Yes, by Foo Fighters.

Context: which was their debut album?

Context: "Foo Fighters"

Question: who are the band members?

Answer: Nate Mendel, William Goldsmith and Pat Smear.

Foo Fighters [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the singer?

Context: Paul McCartney

Context: are there any cover versions?

Context: Yes, by Foo Fighters.

Context: which was their debut album?

Context: "Foo Fighters"

Context: who are the band members?

Context: Nate Mendel, William Goldsmith and Pat Smear.

Question: which musical instrument does the first one play?

Answer: Fender Precision Bass with GHS strings and guitar.

Nate Mendel [SEP] Equipment

Mendel's main set-up consists of Fender Precision Basses with GHS strings, played through Ashdown amplifiers. Mendel described the Precision as "iconic" in both its looks and its sound. The bassist's preferred P-Bass is his first, a 1971 model sold to him by the lead singer of Christ on a Crutch which Mendel adapted to be easier to play. Mendel also plays Lakland basses, particularly the Bob Glaub Signature, one of which was employed on the Foo Fighters' seventh album, "Wasting Light". He uses a Fulltone Bassdrive pedal, though Mendel downsized the usage of effects pedals as the Foo Fighters rose its number of musicians – "Now that we have three guitar players, there's a lot of distortion going on, so I try to keep it clean and stay in line with the kick drum.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the singer?

Context: Paul McCartney

Context: are there any cover versions?

Context: Yes, by Foo Fighters.

Context: which was their debut album?

Context: "Foo Fighters"

Context: who are the band members?

Context: which musical instrument does the first one play?

Context: Fender Precision Bass with GHS strings and guitar.

Question: was the last one a member of any other musical group?

Answer: Yes, Germs and Nirvana.

Pat Smear [SEP] Introduction

Georg Albert Ruthenberg (born August 5, 1959), better known by the stage name Pat Smear, is an American musician and actor. He is best known as a rhythm guitarist in the rock band Foo Fighters, with whom he has recorded five studio albums. Smear was a founding member of punk band the Germs, and was the touring guitarist for grunge band Nirvana from 1993 to 1994. After Nirvana disbanded following the death of its frontman Kurt Cobain, its drummer Dave Grohl went on to become the frontman of rock band Foo Fighters, with Smear soon joining on guitar.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the singer?

Context: Paul McCartney

Context: are there any cover versions?

Context: Yes, by Foo Fighters.

Context: which was their debut album?

Context: "Foo Fighters"

Context: who are the band members?

Context: was the last one a member of any other musical group?

Context: Yes, Germs and Nirvana.

Question: did he do any solo work?

Answer: Yes, "Ruthensmear" and "So You Fell in Love with a Musician..." .

Pat Smear [SEP] Solo work (1980–1993)

Following the demise of the Germs, Smear played in 1981 with ex-The Screamers keyboardist Paul Roessler and his sister Kira Roessler in a band called Twisted Roots. Although short-lived, the band was the toast of the Hollywood punk scene. Smear would go on to play with Nina Hagen and make two solo albums of his own, "Ruthensmear" (also recorded with Roessler), and "So You Fell in Love with a Musician..." Smear also had a brief stint as a member of punk band The Adolescents in 1981. During this time, he also worked as an actor in bit parts, appearing in the television shows "Quincy, M.E." and "CHiPs", and in the films "Blade Runner", "Breakin'" and "Howard the Duck".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the singer?

Context: Paul McCartney

Context: are there any cover versions?

Context: Yes, by Foo Fighters.

Context: which was their debut album?

Context: "Foo Fighters"

Context: who are the band members?

Context: Yes, Germs and Nirvana.

Context: did he do any solo work?

Context: Yes, "Ruthensmear" and "So You Fell in Love with a Musician..." .

Question: where was the first band member born?

Answer: Richland

Nate Mendel [SEP] Life and career

Mendel was born on December 2, 1968, in Richland, a mid-sized city in southeast Washington. His first instrument was the violin. As at the age of 13, Mendel started to get interested in rock music and joining a band, a friend who played guitar suggested him to play bass guitar. Mendel stated that "as I picked up that bass guitar I went on a 20-year detour into punk", helped by his town usually having concerts of DIY punk bands such as Scream. This led to a "pretty limited musical education", as despite taking some lessons with a bassist from a local band, Mendel mostly taught himself to play, and "it was all hardcore punk rock, like Minor Threat, Black Flag and Bad Brains.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the singer?

Context: Paul McCartney

Context: are there any cover versions?

Context: Yes, by Foo Fighters.

Context: which was their debut album?

Context: "Foo Fighters"

Context: who are the band members?

Context: Yes, Germs and Nirvana.

Context: did he do any solo work?

Context: where was the first band member born?

Context: Richland

Question: did he have to clarify about hiv/aids?

Answer: No, but he organized a sold-out concert in Los Angeles to benefit Alive & Well AIDS Alternatives.

Nate Mendel [SEP] HIV/AIDS denial

Mendel has expressed fringe views on HIV & AIDS. In January 2000, he organized a sold-out concert in Los Angeles to benefit Alive & Well AIDS Alternatives, an HIV/AIDS denialism group. In April 2000, MTV News reported that "The Foo Fighters have gone on record advocating Alive & Well, an alternative AIDS information group that questions the link between HIV and AIDS." Sandra Thurman, then director of the Office of National AIDS Policy commented:For the Foo Fighters to be promoting this is extraordinarily irresponsible behavior. There is no doubt about the link between HIV and AIDS in the respected scientific community and it's quite unfortunate that a band reads one book and then adopts this theory.


Question: what is juno?

Answer: American coming-of-age comedy-drama film

Juno (film) [SEP] Introduction

Juno is a 2007 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film directed by Jason Reitman and written by Diablo Cody. Ellen Page stars as the title character, an independent-minded teenager confronting an unplanned pregnancy and the subsequent events that put pressures of adult life onto her. Michael Cera, Jennifer Garner, Jason Bateman, Allison Janney and J. K. Simmons also star. Filming spanned from early February to March 2007 in Vancouver, British Columbia. It premiered on September 8 at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival, receiving a standing ovation. "Juno" won the Oscar for Best Original Screenplay and earned three other Oscar nominations, including Best Picture and Best Actress for Page.


Context: what is juno?

Context: American coming-of-age comedy-drama film

Question: who is the producer of this film?

Answer: Mason Novick

Juno (film) [SEP] Development

Diablo Cody was first approached to write a screenplay by film producer Mason Novick, who had previously landed her a book deal for her memoir, "", after discovering her blog about stripping. He persuaded her to adapt the book for the screen, but suggested that she first write a screenwriting sample to show studios; that sample became "Juno". After deciding on an adoption storyline, Cody collected the stories of adoptees, birth parents and adoptive parents, including that of her then-husband, an adoptee who reunited with his birth parents after she wrote the film. She also found inspiration in the story of a close friend who had become pregnant in high school and used some details from her friend's experience in the film, such as mistreatment from an ultrasound technician.


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Question: when was the film released?

Answer: 2007

Juno (film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Question: what is the theme of the film?

Answer: Pro-life theme

Juno (film) [SEP] Themes

Along with "Knocked Up" and "Waitress", two other 2007 films about women facing unplanned pregnancies, "Juno" was interpreted by some critics as having a pro-life theme. Ann Hulbert of "Slate" magazine believed that "Juno" "[undercut] both pro-life and pro-choice purism." Jeff Dawson of "The Sunday Times" believed that the film was inevitably placed in the "unwanted pregnancy subgenre" with "Knocked Up" and "Waitress" due to its subject matter but thought that its interpretation as a pro-life film only "muddied the waters". Hadley Freeman of "The Guardian" criticized "Juno" for "complet[ing] a hat-trick of American comedies in the past 12 months that present abortion as unreasonable, or even unthinkable—a telling social sign", though she noted, "I don't believe any of these films is consciously designed to be anti-abortion propaganda." A.


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: Pro-life theme

Question: who are the characters in this film?

Answer: Juno MacGuff, Paulie Bleeker

Juno (film) [SEP] Plot

Sixteen-year-old Minnesota high-schooler Juno MacGuff, discovers she is pregnant by her friend and longtime admirer, Paulie Bleeker. She initially considers an abortion. Going to a local clinic run by a women's group, she encounters a schoolmate outside who is holding a one-person pro-life vigil. Once inside, however, a variety of factors lead Juno to leave. She decides to give the baby up for adoption instead. With the help of her friend Leah, Juno searches the ads in the "Pennysaver" and finds a couple she feels will provide a suitable home. She tells her father, Mac, and stepmother, Bren, who offer their support.


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: Pro-life theme

Context: who are the characters in this film?

Context: Juno MacGuff, Paulie Bleeker

Question: who plays the role of the first character?

Answer: Ellen Page

Explanation: Ellen Page stars as the title character, an independent-minded teenager confronting an unplanned pregnancy and the subsequent events that put pressures of adult life onto her.

Juno (film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: Pro-life theme

Context: who are the characters in this film?

Context: Juno MacGuff, Paulie Bleeker

Context: who plays the role of the first character?

Context: Ellen Page

Question: where is she from?

Answer: Halifax, Nova Scotia

Ellen Page [SEP] Early life

Page was born and raised in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the daughter of Martha Philpotts, a teacher, and Dennis Page, a graphic designer. She attended the Halifax Grammar School until grade 10, spent some time at Queen Elizabeth High School, and graduated from the Shambhala School in 2005. She also spent two years in Toronto, Ontario, studying in the Interact Program at Vaughan Road Academy, along with close friend and fellow Canadian actor Mark Rendall. Growing up, Page enjoyed playing with action figures and climbing trees.


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: Pro-life theme

Context: who are the characters in this film?

Context: Juno MacGuff, Paulie Bleeker

Context: Ellen Page

Context: where is she from?

Context: Halifax, Nova Scotia

Question: what did she start her career as?

Answer: As a child actor in the CBC television movie "Pit Pony".

Ellen Page [SEP] Career

Page first acted in front of the camera in 1997 at age ten in the CBC television movie "Pit Pony", which later spun off into a television series. This led to more roles in several small Canadian films (including "Marion Bridge", her first feature film role) and in television series, notably playing Treena Lahey in season two of "Trailer Park Boys". At 16, she was cast in "Mouth to Mouth", an independent film shot in Europe. Page starred in the 2005 movie "Hard Candy" as a young girl who takes a pedophile hostage, and won praise for "one of the most complex, disturbing and haunting performances of the year." Page appeared in "" (2006) and "" (2014) as Kitty Pryde, a girl who can walk through walls.


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: Pro-life theme

Context: who are the characters in this film?

Context: Juno MacGuff, Paulie Bleeker

Context: Ellen Page

Context: where is she from?

Context: Halifax, Nova Scotia

Context: what did she start her career as?

Context: As a child actor in the CBC television movie "Pit Pony".

Question: who is music for the film attributed to?

Answer: Kimya Dawson

Juno (film) [SEP] Music

The movie features several songs performed by Kimya Dawson in her solo, Antsy Pants and The Moldy Peaches guises. This was due to a suggestion by Page. Director Jason Reitman explains: At one point, I asked Ellen Page before we started shooting, '[W]hat do you think Juno listens to?' And she said ['The Moldy Peaches.'] She went on my computer, played the songs, and I fell in love with it. Diablo and I discussed putting a Moldy Peaches song in it where the characters would sing to each other. I got in touch with Kimya Dawson of The Moldy Peaches[,] and she started sending me her work, which was beautiful, and that became a lot of the soundtrack.


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: Pro-life theme

Context: who are the characters in this film?

Context: Juno MacGuff, Paulie Bleeker

Context: Ellen Page

Context: where is she from?

Context: Halifax, Nova Scotia

Context: what did she start her career as?

Context: who is music for the film attributed to?

Context: Kimya Dawson

Question: when did this film release in the theatre?

Answer: 2007

Juno (film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: Pro-life theme

Context: who are the characters in this film?

Context: Juno MacGuff, Paulie Bleeker

Context: Ellen Page

Context: where is she from?

Context: Halifax, Nova Scotia

Context: what did she start her career as?

Context: Kimya Dawson

Context: when did this film release in the theatre?

Question: how much did the box office earn the first time the film was released?

Answer: $420,113

Juno (film) [SEP] Box office performance

In limited release and playing in only seven theaters in Los Angeles and New York City, "Juno" grossed $420,113 over its debut weekend, averaging $60,016 per screen. When "Juno" became Fox Searchlight's first film to surpass $100 million at the box office, the company's president Peter Rice issued the statement: "This is an astonishing feat for us and the film has surpassed all our expectations. We knew this film had crossover potential and it has resonated with audiences all across the country." The film has grossed $143,495,265 in the United States and $87,916,319 in other territories for a total worldwide gross of $231,411,584.


Context: what is juno?

Context: who is the producer of this film?

Context: Mason Novick

Context: when was the film released?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: Pro-life theme

Context: who are the characters in this film?

Context: Juno MacGuff, Paulie Bleeker

Context: Ellen Page

Context: where is she from?

Context: Halifax, Nova Scotia

Context: what did she start her career as?

Context: Kimya Dawson

Context: how much did the box office earn the first time the film was released?

Question: did the film receive any award?

Answer: Yes, two 2008 Canadian Comedy Awards

Explanation: Nonetheless, Genie spokesman Chris McDowall said that while the film was not evaluated for eligibility since it was not submitted, "Financing is one of the criteria, but it's not everything." Despite this, the film was eligible for the 2008 Canadian Comedy Awards, receiving two wins from three nominations.

Juno (film) [SEP] Awards


Question: the office jim and pam first date episode

Answer: The seventh episode.

Explanation: The idea for Jan and Michael to have a romantic relationship was conceived by Steve Carell as far back as the filming of the pilot episode. The kiss between the two was rehearsed and filmed "many, many, many times", according to B. J. Novak. While filming, Steve Carell and Tim Meadows improvised a good majority of their dinner scene, but most of it never made the final cut. During the production of the episode, the cast and crew were informed by NBC that the show would be picked up for a whole 22 episodes, a move that "surprised" them. The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics and earned a Nielsen rating of 3.8 in the 18–49 demographic, being viewed by 7.5 million viewers.

The Client (The Office) [SEP] Introduction

"The Client" is the seventh episode of the second season of the American comedy television series "The Office", and the show's thirteenth episode overall. Written by Paul Lieberstein, who also acts in the show as Toby Flenderson, and directed by Greg Daniels, the episode first aired in the United States on November 8, 2005 on NBC. The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company. In this episode, Jan Levinson (Melora Hardin) and Michael Scott (Steve Carell) begin a relationship after landing an important client (Tim Meadows). Meanwhile, the rest of the office finds a screenplay written by Michael and they decide to read it together.


Context: the office jim and pam first date episode

Context: The seventh episode.

Question: what's the name of the episode?

Answer: "The Client".

Explanation: "The Client" is the seventh episode of the second season of the American comedy television series "The Office", and the show's thirteenth episode overall. Written by Paul Lieberstein, who also acts in the show as Toby Flenderson, and directed by Greg Daniels, the episode first aired in the United States on November 8, 2005 on NBC.

The idea for Jan and Michael to have a romantic relationship was conceived by Steve Carell as far back as the filming of the pilot episode. The kiss between the two was rehearsed and filmed "many, many, many times", according to B. J. Novak. While filming, Steve Carell and Tim Meadows improvised a good majority of their dinner scene, but most of it never made the final cut. During the production of the episode, the cast and crew were informed by NBC that the show would be picked up for a whole 22 episodes, a move that "surprised" them. The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics and earned a Nielsen rating of 3.8 in the 18–49 demographic, being viewed by 7.5 million viewers.


Context: The seventh episode.

Context: what's the name of the episode?

Context: "The Client".

Question: from which season is it?

Answer: Second season.

Explanation: The Client" is the seventh episode of the second season of the American comedy television series "The Office", and the show's thirteenth episode overall. Written by Paul Lieberstein, who also acts in the show as Toby Flenderson, and directed by Greg Daniels, the episode first aired in the United States on November 8, 2005 on NBC.


Context: The seventh episode.

Context: what's the name of the episode?

Context: "The Client".

Context: from which season is it?

Context: Second season.

Question: name a few of the other characters

Answer: Michael Scott, Jan Levinson, Pam Beesly, Jim Halpert, Dwight Kurt Schrute.

Explanation:
Michael Scott (Steve Carell) and Jan Levinson (Melora Hardin) meet with Christian (Tim Meadows), who represents the governmental paper interests of the entire surrounding county. Taking him on could mean the branch will not have to downsize, a threat that has been looming for the past year. Jan is disgusted when Michael changes the meeting location from a hotel meeting room to Chili's without permission and persists in jokes and personal discussion instead of getting down to business. However, she discovers at the end of the day that there is a method to his madness, as the bonding between Michael and Christian allows him to close the deal. Afterwards, in the parking lot, Michael and the recently divorced Jan kiss and leave together.

During the meeting Michael calls Pam Beesly (Jenna Fischer) to read from one of the joke books in his desk, where she finds a screenplay written by Michael entitled "Threat Level: Midnight", starring himself as "Agent Michael Scarn". The staff perform a r

The Client (The Office) [SEP] Plot


Context: The seventh episode.

Context: what's the name of the episode?

Context: "The Client".

Context: from which season is it?

Context: Second season.

Context: name a few of the other characters

Context: Michael Scott, Jan Levinson, Pam Beesly, Jim Halpert, Dwight Kurt Schrute.

Question: has this show won any awards?

Answer: The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics and earned a Nielsen rating of 3.8 in the 18–49 demographic, being viewed by 7.5 million viewers.

Explanation: The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics and earned a Nielsen rating of 3.8 in the 18–49 demographic, being viewed by 7.5 million viewers.


Context: The seventh episode.

Context: what's the name of the episode?

Context: "The Client".

Context: from which season is it?

Context: Second season.

Context: name a few of the other characters

Context: has this show won any awards?

Context: The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics and earned a Nielsen rating of 3.8 in the 18–49 demographic, being viewed by 7.5 million viewers.

Question: okay, but i'm asking about the show, not just the episode.

Answer: UNANSWERABLE