Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: It can be damaged by many sorts of mutagens, which change the DNA sequence.

Question: what are these things that cause the damage?

Answer: It is a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material, usually DNA, of an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level.

Mutagen [SEP] Introduction

In genetics, a mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material, usually DNA, of an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level. As many mutations can cause cancer, mutagens are therefore also likely to be carcinogens, although not always necessarily so. All mutagens have characteristic mutational signatures with some chemicals becoming mutagenic through cellular processes. Not all mutations are caused by mutagens: so-called "spontaneous mutations" occur due to spontaneous hydrolysis, errors in DNA replication, repair and recombination.


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: It is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of a gene product, either RNA or protein.

Context: when was the aforementioned former term discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: did he have any other contributions apart from this?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how can the structure that he discovered be defined?

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid (; DNA) is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instruction.

Context: what are its features?

Context: They carry genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: what are these things that cause the damage?

Context: It is a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material, usually DNA, of an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level.

Question: what are its variations?

Answer: Many mutagens are not mutagenic by themselves, but can form mutagenic metabolites through cellular processes, for example through the activity of the cytochrome P450 system and other oxygenases such as cyclooxygenase. Such mutagens are called promutagens.

Mutagen [SEP] Types

Mutagens may be of physical, chemical or biological origin. They may act directly on the DNA, causing direct damage to the DNA, and most often result in replication error. Some however may act on the replication mechanism and chromosomal partition. Many mutagens are not mutagenic by themselves, but can form mutagenic metabolites through cellular processes, for example through the activity of the cytochrome P450 system and other oxygenases such as cyclooxygenase. Such mutagens are called promutagens.


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: what are its variations?

Context: Many mutagens are not mutagenic by themselves, but can form mutagenic metabolites through cellular processes, for example through the activity of the cytochrome P450 system and other oxygenases such as cyclooxygenase. Such mutagens are called promutagens.

Question: is it used for treating dieases?

Answer: Many mutagens are highly toxic to proliferating cells, and they are often used to destroy cancer cells.

Mutagen [SEP] In anti-cancer therapy

Many mutagens are highly toxic to proliferating cells, and they are often used to destroy cancer cells. Alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide and cisplatin, as well as intercalating agent such as daunorubicin and doxorubicin may be used in chemotherapy. However, due to their effect on other cells which are also rapidly dividing, they may have side effects such as hair loss and nausea. Research on better targeted therapies may reduce such side-effects. Ionizing radiations are used in radiation therapy.


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: what are its variations?

Context: is it used for treating dieases?

Context: Many mutagens are highly toxic to proliferating cells, and they are often used to destroy cancer cells.

Question: has it been portrayed in books?

Answer: Powerful radiations are the agents of mutation for the superheroes in Marvel Comics's Fantastic Four, Daredevil, and Hulk, while in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise the mutagen is a chemical agent also called "ooze", and for Inhumans the mutagen is the Terrigen Mist

Mutagen [SEP] In fiction

In science fiction, mutagens are often represented as substances that are capable of completely changing the form of the recipient or granting them superpowers. Powerful radiations are the agents of mutation for the superheroes in Marvel Comics's Fantastic Four, Daredevil, and Hulk, while in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise the mutagen is a chemical agent also called "ooze", and for Inhumans the mutagen is the Terrigen Mist. Mutagens are also featured in video games such as "Cyberia," "The Witcher", "", "", "Resident Evil", "Infamous", "Freedom Force, Command & Conquer", "Gears of War 3", "StarCraft", "BioShock", and "Fallout". In the "nuclear monster" films of the 1950s, nuclear radiation mutates humans and common insects often to enormous size and aggression; these films include "Godzilla", "Them!", "Attack of the 50 Foot Woman", "Tarantula!", and "The Amazing Colossal Man".


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: what are its variations?

Context: is it used for treating dieases?

Context: has it been portrayed in books?

Context: Powerful radiations are the agents of mutation for the superheroes in Marvel Comics's Fantastic Four, Daredevil, and Hulk, while in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise the mutagen is a chemical agent also called "ooze", and for Inhumans the mutagen is the Terrigen Mist

Question: who are the characters in the first comic?`

Answer: Mister Fantastic, Invisible Woman, Human Torch and  monstrous Thing.

Fantastic Four [SEP] Introduction

The Fantastic Four are a fictional superhero team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The group debuted in "Fantastic Four" #1 (cover dated Nov. 1961), which helped to usher in a new level of realism in the medium. The Fantastic Four was the first superhero team created by artist/co-plotter Jack Kirby and editor/co-plotter Stan Lee, who developed a collaborative approach to creating comics with this title that they would use from then on. The four individuals traditionally associated with the Fantastic Four, who gained superpowers after exposure to cosmic rays during a scientific mission to outer space, are Mister Fantastic (Reed Richards), a scientific genius and the leader of the group, who can stretch his body into incredible lengths and shapes; the Invisible Woman (Susan "Sue" Storm), who eventually married Reed, who can render herself invisible and later project powerful invisible force fields; the Human Torch (Johnny Storm), Sue's younger brother, who can generate flames, surround himself with them and fly; and the monstrous Thing (Ben Grimm), their grumpy but benevolent friend, a former college football star and Reed's college roommate as well as a good pilot, who possesses tremendous superhuman strength, durability, and endurance due to the nature of his stone-like flesh.


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: what are its variations?

Context: is it used for treating dieases?

Context: has it been portrayed in books?

Context: who are the characters in the first comic?`

Context: Mister Fantastic, Invisible Woman, Human Torch and  monstrous Thing.

Question: by whom was this comic created?

Answer: Jack Kirby and Stan Lee

Explanation: The Fantastic Four was the first superhero team created by artist/co-plotter Jack Kirby and editor/co-plotter Stan Lee, who developed a collaborative approach to creating comics with this title that they would use from then on.

Fantastic Four [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: what are its variations?

Context: is it used for treating dieases?

Context: has it been portrayed in books?

Context: by whom was this comic created?

Context: Jack Kirby and Stan Lee

Question: how does this comic influences the culture?

Answer: The Fantastic Four's characterization was initially different from all other superheroes at the time. One major difference is that they do not conceal their identities, leading the public to be both suspicious and in awe of them. Also, they frequently argued and disagreed with each other, hindering their work as a team

Fantastic Four [SEP] Cultural impact

The Fantastic Four's characterization was initially different from all other superheroes at the time. One major difference is that they do not conceal their identities, leading the public to be both suspicious and in awe of them. Also, they frequently argued and disagreed with each other, hindering their work as a team. Described as "heroes with hangups" by Stan Lee, the Thing has a temper, and the Human Torch resents being a child among adults. Mr. Fantastic blames himself for the Thing's transformation. Social scientist Bradford W. Wright describes the team as a "volatile mix of human emotions and personalities".


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: what are its variations?

Context: is it used for treating dieases?

Context: has it been portrayed in books?

Context: by whom was this comic created?

Context: Jack Kirby and Stan Lee

Context: how does this comic influences the culture?

Context: The Fantastic Four's characterization was initially different from all other superheroes at the time. One major difference is that they do not conceal their identities, leading the public to be both suspicious and in awe of them. Also, they frequently argued and disagreed with each other, hindering their work as a team

Question: are they also a part of any movie?

Answer: The Fantastic Four also guest-starred in the "Secret Wars" story arc of the 1990s "Spider-Man" animated series, and the Thing guest-starred (with a small cameo from the other Fantastic Four members) in the "Fantastic Fortitude" episode of the 1996 "The Incredible Hulk" series.

Fantastic Four [SEP] In other media

There have been four "The Fantastic Four" animated TV series and three released feature films. The Fantastic Four also guest-starred in the "Secret Wars" story arc of the 1990s "Spider-Man" animated series, and the Thing guest-starred (with a small cameo from the other Fantastic Four members) in the "Fantastic Fortitude" episode of the 1996 "The Incredible Hulk" series. The Fantastic Four also appeared in the 2010 series "". There was a short-lived radio show in 1975 that adapted early Lee/Kirby stories and is notable for casting a pre-"Saturday Night Live" Bill Murray as the Human Torch. Also in the cast were Bob Maxwell as Reed Richards, Cynthia Adler as Sue Storm, Jim Pappas as Ben Grimm and Jerry Terheyden as Doctor Doom.


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: what are its variations?

Context: is it used for treating dieases?

Context: has it been portrayed in books?

Context: by whom was this comic created?

Context: Jack Kirby and Stan Lee

Context: are they also a part of any movie?

Context: The Fantastic Four also guest-starred in the "Secret Wars" story arc of the 1990s "Spider-Man" animated series, and the Thing guest-starred (with a small cameo from the other Fantastic Four members) in the "Fantastic Fortitude" episode of the 1996 "The Incredible Hulk" series.

Question: who are the villains of this series?

Answer: Wizard, the Impossible Man, the Red Ghost and the Super-Apes, the Mad Thinker, the Super-Skrull, etc.

Fantastic Four [SEP] Antagonists

Writers and artists over many years have created a variety of characters to challenge the Fantastic Four. Knowles states that Kirby helped to create "an army of villains whose rage and destructive power had never been seen before," and "whose primary impulse is to smash the world." Some of the team's oldest and most frequent enmities have involved such foes as the Mole Man, the Skrulls, Namor the Sub-Mariner, Doctor Doom, the Puppet Master, Kang the Conqueror/Rama-Tut/Immortus, Blastaar, the Frightful Four, Annihilus, Galactus, and Klaw. Other prominent antagonists of the Fantastic Four have included the Wizard, the Impossible Man, the Red Ghost and the Super-Apes, the Mad Thinker, the Super-Skrull, the Molecule Man, Diablo, Dragon Man, Psycho-Man, Ronan the Accuser, Salem's Seven, Terrax the Tamer, Terminus, Hyperstorm and Lucia von Bardas.


Context: what is the definition of the term gene

Context: by whom?

Context: Friedrich Miescher

Context: who was he ?

Context: He was a Swiss physician and biologist.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its features?

Context: how does it get damaged?

Context: It can be damaged by many sorts of mutagens, which change the DNA sequence.

Context: what are its variations?

Context: is it used for treating dieases?

Context: has it been portrayed in books?

Context: by whom was this comic created?

Context: Jack Kirby and Stan Lee

Context: are they also a part of any movie?

Context: who are the villains of this series?

Context: Wizard, the Impossible Man, the Red Ghost and the Super-Apes, the Mad Thinker, the Super-Skrull, etc.

Question: what is the superpower of the torch from the series?

Answer: His primary ability to envelop his body in fiery plasma without harm to himself, in which form he is able to fly by providing thrust behind himself with his own flame, and to generate powerful streams and/or balls of flame

Human Torch [SEP] Powers and abilities

Johnny Storm gained a number of superhuman powers as a result of the mutagenic effects of the cosmic radiation he was exposed to, all of which are related to fire. His primary ability to envelop his body in fiery plasma without harm to himself, in which form he is able to fly by providing thrust behind himself with his own flame, and to generate powerful streams and/or balls of flame. He can also manipulate his flame in such a way as to shape it into rings and other forms. Even when not engulfed in flame himself, Storm has the ability to control any fire within his immediate range of vision, causing it to increase or decrease in intensity or to move in a pattern directed by his thoughts.


Question: how long do painter turtle eggs take to hatch

Answer: 72–80 days

Explanation: 72–80 days

Painted turtle [SEP] Growth

Incubation lasts 72–80 days in the wild and for a similar period in artificial conditions. In August and September, the young turtle breaks out from its egg, using a special projection of its jaw called the egg tooth. Not all offspring leave the nest immediately, though. Hatchlings north of a line from Nebraska to northern Illinois to New Jersey typically arrange themselves symmetrically in the nest and overwinter to emerge the following spring. The hatchling's ability to survive winter in the nest has allowed the painted turtle to extend its range farther north than any other American turtle. The painted turtle is genetically adapted to survive extended periods of subfreezing temperatures with blood that can remain supercooled and skin that resists penetration from ice crystals in the surrounding ground.


Context: how long do painter turtle eggs take to hatch

Context: 72–80 days

Question: where are these turtles found?

Answer: North America

Explanation: North Am

Painted turtle [SEP] Introduction

The painted turtle ("Chrysemys picta") is the most widespread native turtle of North America. It lives in slow-moving fresh waters, from southern Canada to northern Mexico, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The turtle is the only species of the genus "Chrysemys", which is part of the pond turtle family Emydidae. Fossils show that the painted turtle existed 15 million years ago. Four regionally based subspecies (the eastern, midland, southern, and western) evolved during the last ice age. The adult painted turtle female is long; the male is smaller. 5-6" The turtle's top shell is dark and smooth, without a ridge.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Question: when do they lay their eggs?

Answer: Between late spring and mid-summer

Explanation: between late spring and mid-summer.

Painted turtle [SEP] Introduction

Reliant on warmth from its surroundings, the painted turtle is active only during the day when it basks for hours on logs or rocks. During winter, the turtle hibernates, usually in the mud at the bottom of water bodies. The turtles mate in spring and autumn. Females dig nests on land and lay eggs between late spring and mid-summer. Hatched turtles grow until sexual maturity: 2–9 years for males, 6–16 for females.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Question: what are the names of their subspecies?

Answer: Eastern painted turtle, Midland painted turtle, Southern painted turtle, Western painted turtle

Explanation: eastern painted turtle

Painted turtle [SEP] Eastern painted turtle

The eastern painted turtle ranges from southeastern Canada to Georgia with a western boundary at approximately the Appalachians. At its northern extremes, the turtle tends to be restricted to the warmer areas closer to the Atlantic Ocean. It is uncommon in far north New Hampshire and in Maine is common only in a strip about 50 miles from the coast. In Canada, it lives in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia but not in Quebec or Prince Edward Island. To the south it is not found in the coastal lowlands of southern North Carolina, South Carolina, or Georgia, or in southern Georgia in general or at all in Florida.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Eastern painted turtle, Midland painted turtle, Southern painted turtle, Western painted turtle

Question: what are the names of species similar to them?

Answer: Red-eared slider

Explanation: red-eared slider

Painted turtle [SEP] Similar species

The painted turtle has a very similar appearance to the red-eared slider (the most common pet turtle) and the two are often confused. The painted turtle can be distinguished because it is flatter than the slider. Also, the slider has a prominent red marking on the side of its head (the "ear") and a spotted bottom shell, both features missing in the painted turtle.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: what are the names of species similar to them?

Context: Red-eared slider

Question: what is this?

Answer: It is a semiaquatic turtle belonging to the family Emydidae

Red-eared slider [SEP] Introduction

The red-eared slider ("Trachemys scripta elegans"), also known as the red-eared terrapin, red-eared slider turtle, red-eared turtle, slider turtle, and water slider turtle, is a semiaquatic turtle belonging to the family Emydidae. It is a subspecies of the pond slider. It is the most popular pet turtle in the United States and is also popular as a pet across the rest of the world. Because of this, they are the most commonly traded turtle in the world. Red-eared sliders are native to the southern United States and northern Mexico, but have become established in other places because of pet releases, and have become an invasive species in many areas where they outcompete native species.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a semiaquatic turtle belonging to the family Emydidae

Question: how do they reproduce?

Answer: Courtship and mating activities for red-eared sliders usually occur between March and July, and take place under water.

Red-eared slider [SEP] Reproduction

Courtship and mating activities for red-eared sliders usually occur between March and July, and take place under water. During courtship, the male swims around the female and flutters or vibrates the back side of his long claws on and around her face and head, possibly to direct pheromones towards her. The female swims toward the male and, if she is receptive, sinks to the bottom for mating. If the female is not receptive, she may become aggressive towards the male. Courtship can last 45 minutes, but mating takes only 10 minutes. On occasion, a male may appear to be courting another male, and when kept in captivity may also show this behaviour towards other household pets.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Courtship and mating activities for red-eared sliders usually occur between March and July, and take place under water.

Question: in which country is it an invasive species?

Answer: Australia

Explanation: Red-eared slider tu

Red-eared slider [SEP] An invasive species in Australia

In Australia, breeding populations have been found in New South Wales and Queensland, and individual turtles have been found in the wild in Victoria, the Australian Capital Territory and Western Australia. Red-eared slider turtles are considered a significant threat to native turtle species – they mature more quickly, grow larger, produce more offspring and are more aggressive. Numerous studies provide evidence that red-eared slider turtles can out-compete native turtles for food and nesting and basking sites. Because red-eared slider turtles eat plants as well as animals, they could also have a negative impact on a range of native aquatic species, including rare frogs.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: in which country is it an invasive species?

Context: Australia

Question: what is its reference to popular culture?

Answer: In the "Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles", the popular comic book heroes were revealed as specimens of the red-eared slider.

Red-eared slider [SEP] In popular culture

Within the second volume of the "Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles", the popular comic book heroes were revealed as specimens of the red-eared slider. The popularity of the Turtles led to a craze for keeping them as pets in Great Britain, and subsequent ecological havoc as turtles were accidentally or deliberately released into the wild.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what is its reference to popular culture?

Context: In the "Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles", the popular comic book heroes were revealed as specimens of the red-eared slider.

Question: what food do the original turtle eat?

Answer: Aquatic plants, invertebrates such as insects, snails, and worms, and have been reported to occasionally eat dead marine animals.

Turtle [SEP] Diet

A turtle's diet varies greatly depending on the environment in which it lives. Adult turtles typically eat aquatic plants, invertebrates such as insects, snails, and worms, and have been reported to occasionally eat dead marine animals. Several small freshwater species are carnivorous, eating small fish and a wide range of aquatic life. However, protein is essential to turtle growth and juvenile turtles are purely carnivorous. Sea turtles typically feed on jellyfish, sponges, and other soft-bodied organisms. Some species with stronger jaws have been observed to eat shellfish, while others, such as the green sea turtle, do not eat meat at all and, instead, have a diet largely made up of algae.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what food do the original turtle eat?

Context: Aquatic plants, invertebrates such as insects, snails, and worms, and have been reported to occasionally eat dead marine animals.

Question: who are their predators?

Answer: Garter snakes, crows, chipmunks, thirteen-lined ground and gray squirrels, skunks, groundhogs, raccoons, badgers, gray and red fox, and humans

Painted turtle [SEP] Predators

Painted turtles are most vulnerable to predators when young. Nests are frequently ransacked and the eggs eaten by garter snakes, crows, chipmunks, thirteen-lined ground and gray squirrels, skunks, groundhogs, raccoons, badgers, gray and red fox, and humans. The small and sometimes bite-size, numerous hatchlings fall prey to water bugs, bass, catfish, bullfrogs, snapping turtles, three types of snakes (copperheads, racers and water snakes), herons, rice rats, weasels, muskrats, minks, and raccoons. As adults, the turtles' armored shells protect them from many potential predators, but they still occasionally fall prey to alligators, ospreys, crows, red-shouldered hawks, bald eagles, and especially raccoons.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what food do the original turtle eat?

Context: who are their predators?

Context: Garter snakes, crows, chipmunks, thirteen-lined ground and gray squirrels, skunks, groundhogs, raccoons, badgers, gray and red fox, and humans

Question: what is their daily routine?

Answer: The turtle starts its day at sunrise, emerging from the water to bask for several hours. Warmed for activity, it returns to the water to forage. After becoming chilled, the turtle re-emerges for one to two more cycles of basking and feeding. At night, the turtle drops to the bottom of its water body or perches on an underwater object and sleeps.

Explanation: The turtle starts its day at sunrise, emerging from the water to bask for several hours. Warmed for activity, it returns to the water to forage. After becoming chilled, the turtle re-emerges for one to two more cycles of basking and feeding. At night, the turtle drops to the bottom of its water body or perches on an underwater object and sleeps.

Painted turtle [SEP] Daily routine and basking

A cold-blooded reptile, the painted turtle regulates its temperature through its environment, notably by basking. All ages bask for warmth, often alongside other species of turtle. Sometimes more than 50 individuals are seen on one log together. Turtles bask on a variety of objects, often logs, but have even been seen basking on top of common loons that were covering eggs. The turtle starts its day at sunrise, emerging from the water to bask for several hours. Warmed for activity, it returns to the water to forage. After becoming chilled, the turtle re-emerges for one to two more cycles of basking and feeding.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what food do the original turtle eat?

Context: who are their predators?

Context: what is their daily routine?

Context: The turtle starts its day at sunrise, emerging from the water to bask for several hours. Warmed for activity, it returns to the water to forage. After becoming chilled, the turtle re-emerges for one to two more cycles of basking and feeding. At night, the turtle drops to the bottom of its water body or perches on an underwater object and sleeps.

Question: and their seasonal routine?

Answer: In the spring, when the water reaches , the turtle begins actively foraging. During the winter, it hibernates

Painted turtle [SEP] Seasonal routine and hibernation

In the spring, when the water reaches , the turtle begins actively foraging. However, if the water temperature exceeds , the turtle will not feed. In fall, the turtle stops foraging when temperatures drop below the spring set-point. During the winter, the turtle hibernates. In the north, the inactive season may be as long as from October to March, while the southernmost populations may not hibernate at all. While hibernating, the body temperature of the painted turtle averages . Periods of warm weather bring the turtle out of hibernation, and even in the north, individuals have been seen basking in February.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what food do the original turtle eat?

Context: who are their predators?

Context: what is their daily routine?

Context: and their seasonal routine?

Context: In the spring, when the water reaches , the turtle begins actively foraging. During the winter, it hibernates

Question: do they hibernate?

Answer: Yes, during winter they hibernate

Explanation: turtle hibernates.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what food do the original turtle eat?

Context: who are their predators?

Context: what is their daily routine?

Context: and their seasonal routine?

Context: do they hibernate?

Context: Yes, during winter they hibernate

Question: where is their natural habitat?

Answer: In shallow waters with slow-moving currents, such as creeks, marshes, ponds, and the shores of lakes.

Painted turtle [SEP] Habitat

To thrive, painted turtles need fresh waters with soft bottoms, basking sites, and aquatic vegetation. They find their homes in shallow waters with slow-moving currents, such as creeks, marshes, ponds, and the shores of lakes. The subspecies have evolved different habitat preferences.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what food do the original turtle eat?

Context: who are their predators?

Context: what is their daily routine?

Context: and their seasonal routine?

Context: do they hibernate?

Context: Yes, during winter they hibernate

Context: where is their natural habitat?

Context: In shallow waters with slow-moving currents, such as creeks, marshes, ponds, and the shores of lakes.

Question: in the comic book you mentioned, how many turtles are there in total?

Answer: Four

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles [SEP] Introduction

The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (often shortened to the TMNT or Ninja Turtles) are four fictional teenaged superhero anthropomorphic mutant turtles. Named after Italian Renaissance artists, they were trained by their anthropomorphic rat "sensei" in the Japanese martial art of "ninjutsu". From their home in the sewers of New York City, they battle petty criminals, evil overlords, mutated creatures, and alien invaders while attempting to remain hidden from society. They were created by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. The characters originated in comic books published by Mirage Studios and expanded into cartoon series, films, video games, toys, and other merchandise.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what food do the original turtle eat?

Context: who are their predators?

Context: what is their daily routine?

Context: and their seasonal routine?

Context: do they hibernate?

Context: Yes, during winter they hibernate

Context: where is their natural habitat?

Context: in the comic book you mentioned, how many turtles are there in total?

Context: Four

Question: have fossils of the original turtle been found?

Answer: Turtle fossils of hatchling and nestling size have been documented in the scientific literature.

Turtle [SEP] Fossil record

Turtle fossils of hatchling and nestling size have been documented in the scientific literature. Paleontologists from North Carolina State University have found the fossilized remains of the world's largest turtle in a coal mine in Colombia. The specimen named as "Carbonemys cofrinii" is around 60 million years old and nearly 2.4 m (8 ft) long. On a few rare occasions, paleontologists have succeeded in unearthing large numbers of Jurassic or Cretaceous turtle skeletons accumulated in a single area (the Nemegt Formation in Mongolia, the Turtle Graveyard in North Dakota, or the Black Mountain Turtle Layer in Wyoming). The most spectacular find of this kind to date occurred in 2009 in Shanshan County in Xinjiang, where over a thousand ancient freshwater turtles apparently died after the last water hole in an area dried out during a major drought.


Context: 72–80 days

Context: where are these turtles found?

Context: North America

Context: when do they lay their eggs?

Context: Between late spring and mid-summer

Context: what are the names of their subspecies?

Context: Red-eared slider

Context: what is this?

Context: how do they reproduce?

Context: Australia

Context: what food do the original turtle eat?

Context: who are their predators?

Context: what is their daily routine?

Context: and their seasonal routine?

Context: do they hibernate?

Context: Yes, during winter they hibernate

Context: where is their natural habitat?

Context: Four

Context: have fossils of the original turtle been found?

Context: Turtle fossils of hatchling and nestling size have been documented in the scientific literature.

Question: what relation do they have to human culture?

Answer: Native American tribes were familiar with the painted turtle—young braves were trained to recognize its splashing into water as an alarm—and incorporated it in folklore.

Painted turtle [SEP] Culture

Native American tribes were familiar with the painted turtle—young braves were trained to recognize its splashing into water as an alarm—and incorporated it in folklore. A Potawatomi myth describes how the talking turtles, "Painted Turtle" and allies "Snapping Turtle" and "Box Turtle", outwit the village women. Painted Turtle is the star of the legend and uses his distinctive markings to trick a woman into holding him so he can bite her. An Illini myth recounts how Painted Turtle put his paint on to entice a chief's daughter into the water. As of 2010, four U.S. states designated the painted turtle as official reptile.


Question: what is drunk in love?

Answer: A song.

Drunk in Love [SEP] Introduction

"Drunk in Love" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé featuring her husband, American rapper Jay-Z. The duo composed the song along with credited production and writing by Detail, Andre Eric Proctor, Rasool Diaz, Brian Soko, Timbaland, J-Roc and Boots for self-titled fifth studio album (2013). Columbia Records released "Drunk in Love" as one of the two lead singles from "Beyoncé" on December 17, 2013. The song was dominated by trap beats in chunks and bass. Its lyrics, which depict female sexuality, are sung by Beyoncé in a sensual and confident way. Many music critics called the song a follow-up to Beyoncé's and Jay-Z's song "Crazy in Love" (2003).


Context:
what is drunk in love?
A song.

Question: who wrote the song?

Answer: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Explanation: "Drunk in Love" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé featuring her husband, American rapper Jay-Z. The duo composed the song along with credited production and writing by Detail, Andre Eric Proctor, Rasool Diaz, Brian Soko, Timbaland, J-Roc and Boots for self-titled fifth studio album (2013). Columbia Records released "Drunk in Love" as one of the two lead si

Drunk in Love [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is drunk in love?
A song.
who wrote the song?
Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Question: did this receive any awards?

Answer: Two Grammy awards for Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Song  and the Best Collaboration at the 2014 BET Awards.

Explanation: At the 2014 BET Awards, it won Best Collaboration and was nominated for Viewer's Choice, losing to "I Luv This Shit" by August Alsina and Trinidad James. At the 2014 Soul Train Music Awards, "Drunk in Love" was nominated in the category for Song of the Year. The track won two Grammy awards, in the categories for Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Song at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in 2015.

Drunk in Love [SEP] Recognition and awards

The magazine's writers described it as a "future-pop fantasy" and "the sexiest thing on the radio", further praising the singers for making "marriage sound ridiculously hot". By the end of 2019, the same magazine would list "Drunk in Love" as the 22nd best song of the 2010s, while "NME" would place it at number 59 on their decade-end countdown. The song was nominated for Top R&B Song at the 2014 Billboard Music Awards. At the 2014 BET Awards, it won Best Collaboration and was nominated for Viewer's Choice, losing to "I Luv This Shit" by August Alsina and Trinidad James.


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: Two Grammy awards for Best R&B Performance and Best R&B Song  and the Best Collaboration at the 2014 BET Awards.

Question: was the first singer part of a band?

Answer: Yes, Girl's Tyme which later changed its name to the Destiny's Child.

Beyoncé [SEP] 1981–1996: Early life

She also attended the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts and later Alief Elsik High School. Beyoncé was also a member of the choir at St. John's United Methodist Church as a soloist for two years. When Beyoncé was eight, she and childhood friend Kelly Rowland met LaTavia Roberson while at an audition for an all-girl entertainment group. They were placed into a group called Girl's Tyme with three other girls, and rapped and danced on the talent show circuit in Houston. After seeing the group, R&B producer Arne Frager brought them to his Northern California studio and placed them in "Star Search", the largest talent show on national TV at the time.


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: Yes, Girl's Tyme which later changed its name to the Destiny's Child.

Question: what is the relationship between the her and the second singer mentioned above?

Answer: The second singer is her husband.

Drunk in Love [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: what is the relationship between the her and the second singer mentioned above?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Question: when did he release his first album?

Answer: In 1996.

Jay-Z [SEP] Introduction

Shawn Corey Carter (born December 4, 1969), known professionally as Jay-Z (stylized as JAY-Z), is an American rapper, songwriter, record executive, businessman, and record producer. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential hip-hop artists in history, and often cited as one of the greatest rappers of all time. Born and raised in New York City, Jay-Z first began his musical career after founding the record label Roc-A-Fella Records in 1995, and subsequently released his debut studio album "Reasonable Doubt" in 1996. The album was released to widespread critical success, and solidified his standing in the music industry.


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Question: what was it?

Answer: "Reasonable Doubt".

Explanation: Born and raised in New York City, Jay-Z first began his musical career after founding the record label Roc-A-Fella Records in 1995, and subsequently released his debut studio album "Reasonable Doubt" in 1996.

Jay-Z [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Question: anything uni

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Jay-Z [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: anything unique about his rapping style?

Answer: He uses 'rests' to provide structure to a verse and how he uses 'partial linking' to add more rhymes to a verse.

Jay-Z [SEP] Rapping technique

Royce da 5'9" and Fredro Starr of Onyx both describe Jay-Z's emphasis on flow in the book "How to Rap"—Starr says that Jay-Z is "a master of the flow—he can flow fast, he can flow slow". The book describes how Jay-Z uses 'rests' to provide structure to a verse and how he uses 'partial linking' to add more rhymes to a verse. Jay-Z's early style is described by "Vibe" as "a distinctly Das EFX-type, stiggety style" on his 12" single "Can't Get With That", referring to the fast rhythms and vocal delivery of the group Das EFX. He is also known to write lyrics in his head, as described by Pusha T of Clipse in "How to Rap", a style popular with many MCs such as The Notorious B.I.G., Everlast, Bobby Creekwater and Guerilla Black.


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: anything unique about his rapping style?

Context: He uses 'rests' to provide structure to a verse and how he uses 'partial linking' to add more rhymes to a verse.

Question: was he arrested for any crime?

Answer: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Explanation: On December 1, 1999, Jay-Z, who had come to believe that record executive Lance "Un" Rivera was behind the bootlegging of "Vol. 3...", stabbed Rivera at the release party for Q-Tip's album "Amplified" at the Kit Kat Klub, a now-defunct night club in Times Square, New York City. Jay-Z's associates at the party were accused of causing a commotion within the club, which Jay-Z allegedly used as cover while he stabbed Rivera in the stomach with a blade. He surrendered to police the following evening and was placed under arrest, although he was soon released on $50,000 bail. When he was indicted in Manhattan Criminal Court in late January 2000, he pleaded not guilty; he and his lawyers contended that they had witnesses and videotapes proving he had been nowhere near Rivera during the incident. Nevertheless, he later pleaded guilty to third-degree assault and accepted a three-year probation sentence.

Jay-Z [SEP] Assault conviction


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Question: was he convicted or imprisoned for this crime?

Answer: He was put on a three-year probation sentence.

Jay-Z [SEP] Assault conviction

Nevertheless, he later pleaded guilty to third-degree assault and accepted a three-year probation sentence. Jay-Z later addressed the case in his 2010 book "Decoded":


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Context: was he convicted or imprisoned for this crime?

Context: He was put on a three-year probation sentence.

Question: who did he collaborate with on his afore-mentioned first album?

Answer: It  includes guest appearances from Memphis Bleek, Mary J. Blige, Jaz-O and The Notorious B.I.G., among others.

Reasonable Doubt (album) [SEP] Introduction

Reasonable Doubt is the debut studio album by American rapper Jay-Z. It was released on June 25, 1996, by Roc-A-Fella Records and Priority Records. The album features production provided by DJ Premier, Ski, Knobody and Clark Kent, and also includes guest appearances from Memphis Bleek, Mary J. Blige, Jaz-O and The Notorious B.I.G., among others. The album features mafioso rap themes and gritty lyrics about the "hustler" lifestyle and material obsessions. "Reasonable Doubt" debuted at number 23 on the US "Billboard" 200, on which it charted for 18 weeks. It was promoted with four singles; including "Ain't No Nigga" and "Can't Knock the Hustle".


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Context: who did he collaborate with on his afore-mentioned first album?

Context: It  includes guest appearances from Memphis Bleek, Mary J. Blige, Jaz-O and The Notorious B.I.G., among others.

Question: who is the second person mentioned here?

Answer: She is an singer-songwriter, actress, and philanthropist.

Mary J. Blige [SEP] Introduction

Mary Jane Blige (; born January 11, 1971) is an American singer-songwriter, actress, and philanthropist. Her career began in 1991 when she was signed to Uptown Records. She went on to release 13 studio albums, eight of which have achieved multi-platinum worldwide sales. Blige has sold 50 million albums in the United States and 80 million records worldwide. Blige has won nine Grammy Awards, four American Music Awards, twelve Billboard Music Awards and has also received three Golden Globe Award nominations, including one for her supporting role in the film "Mudbound" (2017) and another for its original song "Mighty River".


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Context: who is the second person mentioned here?

Context: She is an singer-songwriter, actress, and philanthropist.

Question: apart from singing, has she involved herself in any other ventures?

Answer: She's a business woman as well.

Explanation:
In July 2010, Blige launched her first perfume, My Life (through Carol's Daughter), exclusively on HSN. The fragrance's success broke sales records in hours and has been awarded two prestigious FIFI awards from the Fragrance Foundation. The newest fragrance, My Life Blossom launched in August 2011 exclusively to HSN.

In October 2010, Blige released a line of sunglasses called "Melodies by MJB". The first Melodies collection featured four styles with a total of 20 color options. Each style represented a specific facet of Blige's life. Essence magazine reported that in the spring of 2011, "Melodies by MJB" extended their collection to offer more styles.

Mary J. Blige [SEP] Other ventures

In 2004, Blige launched her own record label, Matriarch Records, distributed through Interscope, and in mid-2012, discovered girl group Just'Us, making the group the first ladies of the label. Blige says "These are my little Mary's; they each remind me of myself at different points in my life." Blige has been reported to be working with Just'Us on their debut album. In July 2010, Blige launched her first perfume, My Life (through Carol's Daughter), exclusively on HSN. The fragrance's success broke sales records in hours and has been awarded two prestigious FIFI awards from the Fragrance Foundation. The newest fragrance, My Life Blossom launched in August 2011 exclusively to HSN.


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Context: apart from singing, has she involved herself in any other ventures?

Context: She's a business woman as well.

Question: what business does she own?

Answer: Her perfume line is called " My Life" and her sunglasses line is called "Melodies by MBJ".

Explanation:
In July 2010, Blige launched her first perfume, My Life (through Carol's Daughter), exclusively on HSN. The fragrance's success broke sales records in hours and has been awarded two prestigious FIFI awards from the Fragrance Foundation. The newest fragrance, My Life Blossom launched in August 2011 exclusively to HSN.

In October 2010, Blige released a line of sunglasses called "Melodies by MJB".

Mary J. Blige [SEP] Other ventures


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Context: She's a business woman as well.

Context: what business does she own?

Context: Her perfume line is called " My Life" and her sunglasses line is called "Melodies by MBJ".

Question: who was the last singer mentioned previously?

Answer: He was an American rapper and songwriter.

Explanation: Christopher George Latore Wallace (May 21, 1972 – March 9, 1997), better known by his stage names The Notorious B.I.G., Biggie Smalls, or simply Biggie, was an American rapper and songwriter

The Notorious B.I.G. [SEP] Introduction

During 1996, while recording his second album, the Notorious B.I.G. became ensnarled in the escalating East Coast–West Coast hip hop feud. Following Tupac Shakur's death in a drive-by shooting in Las Vegas in September 1996, speculations of involvement by criminal elements orbiting the Bad Boy circle circulated. On March 9, 1997, while visiting Los Angeles, Wallace was murdered in a drive-by shooting. The assailant remains unidentified. The Notorious B.I.G.'s second album "Life After Death", a double album, was released two weeks later. It reached number one on the "Billboard" 200, and eventually achieved a Diamond certification in the US.


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Context: She's a business woman as well.

Context: what business does she own?

Context: who was the last singer mentioned previously?

Context: He was an American rapper and songwriter.

Question: when did he die?

Answer: 9 March, 1997.

Explanation: Christopher George Latore Wallace (May 21, 1972 – March 9, 1997), better known by his stage names The Notorious B.I.G., Biggie Smalls, or simply Biggie

The Notorious B.I.G. [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Context: She's a business woman as well.

Context: what business does she own?

Context: when did he die?

Context: 9 March, 1997.

Question: what was the cause of death?

Answer: He was shot to death.

The Notorious B.I.G. [SEP] Death

By 12:45 a.m., the streets were crowded with people leaving the party. Wallace's truck stopped at a red light from the Petersen Automotive Museum, and a black Chevy Impala pulled up alongside it. The Impala's driver, an unidentified African-American man dressed in a blue suit and bow tie, rolled down his window, drew a 9 mm blue-steel pistol, and fired at Wallace's car. Four bullets hit Wallace and his entourage subsequently rushed him to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, where doctors performed an emergency thoracotomy, but he was pronounced dead at 1:15 a.m. He was 24 years old. His autopsy, which was released 15 years after his death, showed that only the final shot was fatal; it entered through his right hip and struck his colon, liver, heart, and left lung before stopping in his left shoulder.


Context: what is drunk in love?

Context: A song.

Context: who wrote the song?

Context: Beyoncé and Jay-Z.

Context: did this receive any awards?

Context: was the first singer part of a band?

Context: The second singer is her husband.

Context: when did he release his first album?

Context: In 1996.

Context: what was it?

Context: "Reasonable Doubt".

Context: anything uni

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he arrested for any crime?

Context: Yes, for stabbing Lance "Un" Rivera .

Context: She's a business woman as well.

Context: what business does she own?

Context: when did he die?

Context: 9 March, 1997.

Context: what was the cause of death?

Context: He was shot to death.

Question: was there any movie released about his life?

Answer: Yes, a biopic named "Notorious".

The Notorious B.I.G. [SEP] Biopic

"Notorious" is a 2009 biographical film about Wallace and his life that stars rapper Jamal Woolard as Wallace. The film was directed by George Tillman Jr. and distributed by Fox Searchlight Pictures. Producers included Sean Combs, Wallace's former managers Wayne Barrow and Mark Pitts, as well as Voletta Wallace. On January 16, 2009, the movie's debut at the Grand 18 theater in Greensboro, North Carolina was postponed after a man was shot in the parking lot before the show. The film received mixed reviews and grossed over $44 million worldwide. In early October 2007, open casting calls for the role of Wallace began.


Question: who is joseph a. lopez

Answer: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Joseph A. Lopez [SEP] Introduction

Joseph Anton Lopez, S.J. (born José Antonio López; October 4, 1779October 5, 1841) was a Mexican Catholic priest and Jesuit. Born in Michoacán, he studied canon law at the Colegio de San Nicolás and the Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico. He became acquainted with the future Empress Ana María Huarte and was made chaplain to the future imperial family. He was later put in charge of the education of all the princes in Mexico. Lopez was a close ally of Emperor Agustín de Iturbide, residing in Madrid for four years as his attorney and political informant, and accompanying him during his exile to Italy and England.


Context:
who is joseph a. lopez
A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Question: what does the latter mean?

Answer: It is a religious order of the Catholic Church.

Society of Jesus [SEP] Introduction

The Society of Jesus (SJ; ) is a religious order of the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions with the approval of Pope Paul III in 1540. The members are called Jesuits (; ). The society is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 nations. Jesuits work in education, research, and cultural pursuits. Jesuits also give retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social ministries, and promote ecumenical dialogue. The Society of Jesus is consecrated under the patronage of Madonna Della Strada, a title of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and it is led by a Superior General.


Context: who is joseph a. lopez

Context: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Context: what does the latter mean?

Context: It is a religious order of the Catholic Church.

Question: in which church had he been the priest?

Answer: The local church in Peribán, Michoacán.

Joseph A. Lopez [SEP] Early life

José Antonio López was born on October 4, 1779, in Cotija, Michoacán, in New Spain, located today in Mexico. Born to a family of ranchers, he had a distinguished lineage. López attended first the Colegio de San Nicolás, and then the Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico, where he received a bachelor's degree in canon law. He was then put in charge of the local church in Peribán, Michoacán. Later in life, López related that when the first leader of the Mexican War of Independence, Miguel Hidalgo, was traveling through Michoacán in 1810, López unsuccessfully tried to arrest him, and then fled to Valladolid.


Context: who is joseph a. lopez

Context: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Context: what does the latter mean?

Context: in which church had he been the priest?

Context: The local church in Peribán, Michoacán.

Question: where is the place located?

Answer: It is a state in Mexico.

Michoacán [SEP] Introduction

Michoacán, formally "Michoacán de Ocampo" (), officially "Estado Libre y Soberano de Michoacán de Ocampo" ("Free and Sovereign State of Michoacán de Ocampo"), is one of the 32 states which comprise the Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is divided into 113 municipalities and its capital city is Morelia (formerly called Valladolid). The city was named after José María Morelos, a native of the city and one of the main heroes of the Mexican War of Independence. Michoacán is located in Western Mexico, and has a stretch of coastline on the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. It is bordered by the states of Colima and Jalisco to the west and northwest, Guanajuato to the north, Querétaro to the northeast, the State of México to the east, and Guerrero to the southeast.


Context: who is joseph a. lopez

Context: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Context: what does the latter mean?

Context: in which church had he been the priest?

Context: The local church in Peribán, Michoacán.

Context: where is the place located?

Context: It is a state in Mexico.

Question: what products are manufactured there?

Answer: Iron and steel, and paper products.

Michoacán [SEP] Manufacturing

Most industrial activity is concentrated in the central region of the state, near the capital, where a number of industrial parks are located, such as Ciudad Industrial Morelia. However. there are other areas with industry, such as Apatzingán, Zamora, Jiquilpan and Sahuayo, as well as in the Lázaro Cárdenas area. Major production areas are iron and steel (34.27%), bottling (10.43%) and paper products (8.36%). Most people in the state are employed in service and commerce, and this sector contributes 19.07% to the overall economy. Most sales are in foodstuffs, drinks and tobacco.


Context: who is joseph a. lopez

Context: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Context: what does the latter mean?

Context: in which church had he been the priest?

Context: The local church in Peribán, Michoacán.

Context: where is the place located?

Context: It is a state in Mexico.

Context: what products are manufactured there?

Context: Iron and steel, and paper products.

Question: what are some of the tourist attractions of the state?

Answer: Towns of Charo, Capula, Tiripetio, Cuitzeo and Huandacareo.

Michoacán [SEP] Tourism

The Morelia region stresses its cultural and artistic heritage, especially its colonial architecture . The most important colonial structures are in Morelia and built in the 18th century. These include the cathedral, finished in 1744 and the main aqueduct finished at the end of the century. This architecture has made the city a World Heritage Site. In addition to the state capital, the region includes towns such as Charo, Capula, Tiripetio, Cuitzeo and Huandacareo, which contain archeological sites, water parks and traditional cuisine. The rural areas of this zone contain more than 400 thermal springs, many of which have been turned into recreational areas and parks.


Context: who is joseph a. lopez

Context: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Context: what does the latter mean?

Context: in which church had he been the priest?

Context: The local church in Peribán, Michoacán.

Context: where is the place located?

Context: It is a state in Mexico.

Context: what products are manufactured there?

Context: Iron and steel, and paper products.

Context: what are some of the tourist attractions of the state?

Context: Towns of Charo, Capula, Tiripetio, Cuitzeo and Huandacareo.

Question: what is unique about the last destination?

Answer: It is an archaeological zone.

Huandacareo [SEP] Introduction

Huandacareo (or Guandacareo) is an archaeological zone located about 60 kilometers north of the city of Morelia, in the state of Michoacán. The site was constructed on an elevated plateau overlooking the Cuitzeo lake, some 2.46 kilometers (1.52 mi.) from its north western shores and about two kilometers from the center of the Huandacareo town and municipality. Locally the place is better known as "The Nopalera". The site is located on the western side of Lake Cuitzeo, located at around . It has an area of 300–400 km.


Context: who is joseph a. lopez

Context: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Context: what does the latter mean?

Context: in which church had he been the priest?

Context: The local church in Peribán, Michoacán.

Context: where is the place located?

Context: It is a state in Mexico.

Context: what products are manufactured there?

Context: Iron and steel, and paper products.

Context: what is unique about the last destination?

Context: It is an archaeological zone.

Question: was anything discovered from there?

Answer: A wall named Structure A ,and other structures.

Explanation:
Once the first wall was found, it was named Structure A, excavations were extended following in both directions, removing dirt and rubbish.
In addition to Structure A, other structures were found around the site

Huandacareo [SEP] Discovery and investigations

In addition to Structure A, other structures were found around the site. It is important to point out that according to Purépecha architectonic tradition, temples and their foundations always were built on top of natural hills, over an artificial platform, or, as in the Huandacareo case, over platforms and plazas, for this purpose they built retention walls embedded to the mountain slopes.


Context: who is joseph a. lopez

Context: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Context: what does the latter mean?

Context: in which church had he been the priest?

Context: The local church in Peribán, Michoacán.

Context: where is the place located?

Context: It is a state in Mexico.

Context: what products are manufactured there?

Context: Iron and steel, and paper products.

Context: It is an archaeological zone.

Context: was anything discovered from there?

Context: A wall named Structure A ,and other structures.

Question: what sorts of objects were found from there?

Answer: Copper tools including eye needles, a pipe and other things.

Huandacareo [SEP] Objects found

Among findings in the Huandacareo archaeological site, are several copper tools, including eye needles, some 35 centimeters long. Also of made copper, but with ornamental and ritual purposes, found the following magnificent examples: As far as Huandacareo Ceramics a complete pipe was found, representing an owl (tecolote). Other ceramic objects worth mentioning are globular pieces, many with sgraffito: one of the most usual designs is one of lines that made up the infinite symbol. Also there are many "malacates" some decorated; their presence demonstrates the extended practice of vegetal fiber weave, mainly cotton. Special note is made of figurines found in this area.


Context: who is joseph a. lopez

Context: A Catholic priest and Jesuit.

Context: what does the latter mean?

Context: in which church had he been the priest?

Context: The local church in Peribán, Michoacán.

Context: where is the place located?

Context: It is a state in Mexico.

Context: what products are manufactured there?

Context: Iron and steel, and paper products.

Context: It is an archaeological zone.

Context: was anything discovered from there?

Context: what sorts of objects were found from there?

Context: Copper tools including eye needles, a pipe and other things.

Question: who were early inhabitants?

Answer: The Pirinda, Nahua, Huetamo, Colima, Purépecha and other people.

Explanation: Pirinda, Nahua, Huetamo, Colima, Purépecha and other peoples.

Huandacareo [SEP] Background

Conquest of neighboring tribes and territories occurred between 1401 and 1450, absorbing peoples with different cultures and languages into the empire. By the late 15th century, this state rivaled that of the Aztecs, expanding their territory over much of what is now Michoacán and into part of Colima, Nayarit, Querétaro, Guanajuato, Guerrero and Jalisco. The Aztecs attempted to invade Purépecha but were repelled. This would later cause the Purépecha to deny the Aztecs aid in the defense of Tenochtitlan against the Spanish.


Question: what kind of tools did the navajo tribe use

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Navajo weaving [SEP] Introduction

Navajo rugs and blankets () are textiles produced by Navajo people of the Four Corners area of the United States. Navajo textiles are highly regarded and have been sought after as trade items for over 150 years. Commercial production of handwoven blankets and rugs has been an important element of the Navajo economy. As one expert expresses it, "Classic Navajo serapes at their finest equal the delicacy and sophistication of any pre-mechanical loom-woven textile in the world." Navajo textiles were originally utilitarian blankets for use as cloaks, dresses, saddle blankets, and similar purposes. Toward the end of the 19th century, weavers began to make rugs for tourism and export.


Context: what kind of tools did the navajo tribe use

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: in which regions are these tribes found?

Answer: Four Corners area of the United States.

Explanation: Navajo rugs and blankets () are textiles produced by Navajo people of the Four Corners area of the United States.

Navajo weaving [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: in which regions are these tribes found?

Context: Four Corners area of the United States.

Question: what places come under that corner area?

Answer: The Four Corners is a region of the United States consisting of the southwestern corner of Colorado, southeastern corner of Utah, northeastern corner of Arizona, and northwestern corner of New Mexico.

Four Corners [SEP] Introduction

The Four Corners is a region of the United States consisting of the southwestern corner of Colorado, southeastern corner of Utah, northeastern corner of Arizona, and northwestern corner of New Mexico. The Four Corners area is named after the quadripoint at the intersection of approximately 37° north latitude with 109° 03' west longitude, where the boundaries of the four states meet, and are marked by the Four Corners Monument. It is the only location in the United States where four states meet. Most of the Four Corners region belongs to semi-autonomous Native American nations, the largest of which is the Navajo Nation, followed by Hopi, Ute, and Zuni tribal reserves and nations.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Four Corners area of the United States.

Context: what places come under that corner area?

Context: The Four Corners is a region of the United States consisting of the southwestern corner of Colorado, southeastern corner of Utah, northeastern corner of Arizona, and northwestern corner of New Mexico.

Question: what materials did those tribes use to weave their products?

Answer: three-ply yarn and wool

Navajo weaving [SEP] Wool and yarn

The tribe purchased 14,000 sheep and 1,000 goats. Mid-19th century Navajo rugs often used a three-ply yarn called "Saxony", which refers to high-quality, naturally dyed, silky yarns. Red tones in Navajo rugs of this period come either from Saxony or from a raveled cloth known in Spanish as "bayeta", which was a woolen manufactured in England. With the arrival of the railroad in the early 1880s, another machine-produced yarn came into use in Navajo weaving: four-ply aniline dyed yarn known as "Germantown" because the yarn was manufactured in Pennsylvania. Among the locally produced yarns for Navajo textile, indiscriminate breeding from 1870-1890 caused a steady decline in wool quality.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Four Corners area of the United States.

Context: what materials did those tribes use to weave their products?

Context: three-ply yarn and wool

Question: is there any special animal breed from where they source the second material?

Answer: Rambouillet rams

Navajo weaving [SEP] Wool and yarn

Increasing proportions of brittle kemp can be found in well-preserved examples from the period. In 1903, federal agents attempted to address the problem by introducing Rambouillet rams into the breeding population. The Rambouillet is a French breed that produces good meat and heavy, fine-wool fleeces. The Rambouillet stock were well adapted to the Southwestern climate, but their wool was less suitable to hand spinning. Short-stapled Rambouillet wool has a tight crimp, which makes hand spinning difficult. The higher lanolin content of its wool necessitated significantly more scouring with scarce water before it could be dyed effectively. From 1920 to 1940, when Rambouillet bloodlines dominated the tribe's stock, Navajo rugs have a characteristically curly wool and sometimes a knotted or lumpy appearance.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Four Corners area of the United States.

Context: three-ply yarn and wool

Context: is there any special animal breed from where they source the second material?

Context: Rambouillet rams

Question: what were some of their finished products after weaving?

Answer: handwoven blankets and rugs

Explanation: Commercial production of handwoven blankets and rugs has been an important element of the Navajo economy

Navajo weaving [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Four Corners area of the United States.

Context: three-ply yarn and wool

Context: Rambouillet rams

Context: what were some of their finished products after weaving?

Context: handwoven blankets and rugs

Question: what dyes were used to color their products?

Answer: Yes

Navajo weaving [SEP] Coloration

Reds used in Navajo weaving tended to be raveled from imported textiles. The Navajo obtained black dye through piñon pitch and ashes. After railroad service began in the early 1880s, aniline dyes became available in bright shades of red, orange, green, purple, and yellow. Gaudy "eyedazzler" weaves dominated the final years of the 19th century. Navajo weaving aesthetics underwent rapid change as artisans experimented with the new palette and a new clientele entered the region whose tastes differed from earlier purchasers. During the later years of the 19th century, the Navajo continued to produce earlier styles for traditional customers while they adopted new techniques for a second market.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Four Corners area of the United States.

Context: three-ply yarn and wool

Context: Rambouillet rams

Context: handwoven blankets and rugs

Context: what dyes were used to color their products?

Context: Yes

Question: what equipment/machines did they use to weave their products?

Answer: Traditional Navajo weaving used upright looms with no moving parts. Support poles were traditionally constructed of wood; steel pipe is more common today.

Navajo weaving [SEP] Weaving

Traditional Navajo weaving used upright looms with no moving parts. Support poles were traditionally constructed of wood; steel pipe is more common today. The artisan sits on the floor during weaving and wraps the finished portion of fabric underneath the loom as it grows. The average weaver takes anywhere from 2 months to many years to finish a single rug. The size greatly determines the amount of time spent weaving a rug. The ratio of weft to warp threads had a fine count before the Bosque Redondo internment and declined in the following decades, then rose somewhat to a midrange ratio of five to one for the period 1920-1940.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Four Corners area of the United States.

Context: three-ply yarn and wool

Context: Rambouillet rams

Context: handwoven blankets and rugs

Context: Yes

Context: what equipment/machines did they use to weave their products?

Context: Traditional Navajo weaving used upright looms with no moving parts. Support poles were traditionally constructed of wood; steel pipe is more common today.

Question: what was special about the design of their finished products?

Answer: Many of these patterns are historically handed down from one weaver to the next generation of weavers who live within the same area.

Navajo weaving [SEP] Weaving styles and Designs

Many of these patterns are historically handed down from one weaver to the next generation of weavers who live within the same area. Because of this tradition older rugs can be traced back to a geographic location where it was produced.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Four Corners area of the United States.

Context: three-ply yarn and wool

Context: Rambouillet rams

Context: handwoven blankets and rugs

Context: Yes

Context: what was special about the design of their finished products?

Context: Many of these patterns are historically handed down from one weaver to the next generation of weavers who live within the same area.

Question: since how long have these tribes worked in this weaving industry?

Answer: early 18th century.

Navajo weaving [SEP] Early records

Written records establish the Navajo as fine weavers for at least the last 300 years, beginning with Spanish colonial descriptions of the early 18th century. By 1812, Pedro Piño called the Navajo the best weavers in the province. Few remnants of 18th-century Navajo weaving survive; the most important surviving examples of early Navajo weaving come from Massacre Cave at Canyon de Chelly, Arizona. In 1804, a group of Navajo were shot and killed there, where they were seeking refuge from Spanish soldiers. For a hundred years the cave remained untouched due to Navajo taboos until a local trader named Sam Day entered it and retrieved the textiles.


Question: the tribute money depicts a scene from the

Answer: The Gospel of Matthew, in which Jesus directs Peter to find a coin in the mouth of a fish in order to pay the temple tax.

The Tribute Money (Masaccio) [SEP] Introduction

The Tribute Money is a fresco by the Italian Early Renaissance painter Masaccio, located in the Brancacci Chapel of the basilica of Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence. Painted in the 1420s, it is widely considered among Masaccio's best work, and a vital part of the development of renaissance art. The painting is part of a cycle on the life of Saint Peter, and describes a scene from the Gospel of Matthew, in which Jesus directs Peter to find a coin in the mouth of a fish in order to pay the temple tax. Its importance relates to its revolutionary use of perspective and "chiaroscuro".


Context: the tribute money depicts a scene from the

Context: The Gospel of Matthew, in which Jesus directs Peter to find a coin in the mouth of a fish in order to pay the temple tax.

Question: is it any series?

Answer: No, it is a fresco by the Italian Early Renaissance painter Masaccio

Explanation: The Tribute Money is a fresco by the Italian Early Renaissance painter Masaccio, located in the Brancacci Chapel of the basilica of Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence. Painted in the 1420s, it is widely considered among Masaccio's best work, and a vital part of the development of renaissance art.


Context: is it any series?

Context: No, it is a fresco by the Italian Early Renaissance painter Masaccio

Question: where is this painting situated?

Answer: The Brancacci Chapel of the basilica of Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence

Explanation: The Tribute Money is a fresco by the Italian Early Renaissance painter Masaccio, located in the Brancacci Chapel of the basilica of Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence


Context: is it any series?

Context: where is this painting situated?

Context: The Brancacci Chapel of the basilica of Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence

Question: what was this painter's debut work?

Answer: The San Giovenale Triptych

Masaccio [SEP] First works

The first works attributed to Masaccio are the San Giovenale Triptych (1422), now in the Museum of Cascia di Reggello near Florence, and the "Virgin and Child with Saint Anne" (Sant'Anna Metterza) (c. 1424) at the Uffizi. The San Giovenale altarpiece was discovered in 1961 in the church of San Giovenale at Cascia di Reggello, very close to Masaccio's hometown. It depicts the Virgin and Child with angels in the central panel, Sts. Bartholomew and Blaise on the left panel, and Sts. Juvenal (i.e. San Giovenale) and Anthony Abbot in the right panel. The painting has lost much of its original framing, and its surface is badly abraded.


Context: is it any series?

Context: where is this painting situated?

Context: what was this painter's debut work?

Context: The San Giovenale Triptych

Question: what kind of painting is this?

Answer: It depicts the Virgin and Child with angels in the central panel, Sts. Bartholomew and Blaise on the left panel, and Sts. Juvenal and Anthony Abbot in the right panel.

Explanation: It depicts the Virgin and Child with angels in the central panel, Sts. Bartholomew and Blaise on the left panel, and Sts. Juvenal (i.e. San Giovenale) and Anthony Abbot in the right panel.

Masaccio [SEP] First works


Question: where is thyroid gland situated in human body

Answer: Neck

Thyroid [SEP] Introduction

The thyroid, or thyroid gland, is an endocrine gland in the neck consisting of two connected lobes. The lower two thirds of the lobes are connected by a thin band of tissue called the thyroid isthmus. The thyroid is located at the front of the neck, below the Adam's apple. Microscopically, the functional unit of the thyroid gland is the spherical thyroid follicle, lined with follicular cells (thyrocytes), and occasional parafollicular cells that surround a lumen containing colloid. The thyroid gland secretes three hormones: the two thyroid hormones – triiodothyronine (T) and thyroxine (T) – and a peptide hormone, calcitonin.


Context: where is thyroid gland situated in human body

Context: Neck

Question: what does this gland do?

Answer: The primary function is the production of the iodine-containing thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T) and thyroxine (T) and the peptide hormone calcitonin.

Thyroid [SEP] Thyroid hormones

The primary function of the thyroid is the production of the iodine-containing thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T) and thyroxine (T) and the peptide hormone calcitonin. The thyroid hormones are created from iodine and tyrosine. T is so named because it contains three atoms of iodine per molecule and T contains four atoms of iodine per molecule. The thyroid hormones have a wide range of effects on the human body. These include: After secretion, only a very small proportion of the thyroid hormones travel freely in the blood. Most are bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (about 70%), transthyretin (10%), and albumin (15%). Only the 0.03% of T and 0.3% of T traveling freely have hormonal activity.


Context: Neck

Context: what does this gland do?

Context: The primary function is the production of the iodine-containing thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T) and thyroxine (T) and the peptide hormone calcitonin.

Question: what are the common diseases associated with this gland?

Answer: Graves' disease, Thyroid nodules,  goitre, cancer, etc.

Thyroid [SEP] Graves' disease

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. In Graves' disease, for an unknown reason autoantibodies develop against the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor. These antibodies activate the receptor, leading to development of a goitre and symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as heat intolerance, weight loss, diarrhoea and palpitations. Occasionally such antibodies block but do not activate the receptor, leading to symptoms associated with hypothyroidism. In addition, gradual protrusion of the eyes may occur, called Graves' ophthalmopathy, as may swelling of the front of the shins. Graves' disease can be diagnosed by the presence of pathomnomonic features such as involvement of the eyes and shins, or isolation of autoantibodies, or by results of a radiolabelled uptake scan.


Context: Neck

Context: what does this gland do?

Context: what are the common diseases associated with this gland?

Context: Graves' disease, Thyroid nodules,  goitre, cancer, etc.

Question: what books are available on the first disease?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Thyroid [SEP] Graves' disease


Context: Neck

Context: what does this gland do?

Context: what books are available on the first disease?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: are there any drugs that could cure this disease?

Answer: The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the UK), methimazole (in the US), and propylthiouracil/PTU.

Graves' disease [SEP] Antithyroid drugs

The main antithyroid drugs are carbimazole (in the UK), methimazole (in the US), and propylthiouracil/PTU. These drugs block the binding of iodine and coupling of iodotyrosines. The most dangerous side effect is agranulocytosis (1/250, more in PTU). Others include granulocytopenia (dose-dependent, which improves on cessation of the drug) and aplastic anemia. Patients on these medications should see a doctor if they develop sore throat or fever. The most common side effects are rash and peripheral neuritis. These drugs also cross the placenta and are secreted in breast milk. Lugol's iodine may be used to block hormone synthesis before surgery. A randomized control trial testing single-dose treatment for Graves' found methimazole achieved euthyroid state more effectively after 12 weeks than did propylthyouracil (77.1% on methimazole 15 mg vs 19.4% in the propylthiouracil 150 mg groups).


Question: britney spears do you want a piece of me

Answer: "Piece of Me" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her fifth studio album, "Blackout"

Piece of Me [SEP] Introduction

"Piece of Me" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her fifth studio album, "Blackout" (2007). It was released on November 27, 2007 by Jive Records as the second single from the album, but was actually the last song recorded. It was written and produced by Swedish producers Bloodshy & Avant and Klas Åhlund as a response to the media scrutiny and sensationalism of the singer's private life, which they had witnessed firsthand after working with her over the years. The song, acting as the singer's manifesto, has biographical lyrics retelling Spears's mishaps. It can be classified as an electropop, dance-pop and EDM-pop song that features an "electro instrumental track" and runs through a down-tempo dance beat.


Context: britney spears do you want a piece of me

Context: "Piece of Me" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her fifth studio album, "Blackout"

Question: was it performed live anywhere?

Answer: Yes, at 2009's The Circus Starring Britney Spears as the second song of the show.

Piece of Me [SEP] Live performances

"Piece of Me" was performed at 2009's The Circus Starring Britney Spears as the second song of the show. At the end of the performance of "Circus", Spears took off her red jacket that represented a ringmaster, to reveal a black corset encrusted with Swarovski crystals, fishnet stockings and high-heeled laced up boots, designed by Dean and Dan Caten. While smoke surrounded her, she entered a cage in the middle of the stage while "Piece of Me" began. During the performance, Spears represented a slave, that attempted to escape from her dancers. "Piece of Me" was also performed at 2011's Femme Fatale Tour.


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: Yes, at 2009's The Circus Starring Britney Spears as the second song of the show.

Question: is the international version of it has any difference from the original one?

Answer: It is almost exactly the same as the original.

Piece of Me [SEP] International version

An international version of the video was also officially released. This version is almost exactly the same as the original, with the only difference being that some of the early shots where Spears dances in front of the multicolored background are replaced by shots of Spears with a short blonde bob wig wearing a purple dress and in front of a black background with flashing lights.


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: is the international version of it has any difference from the original one?

Context: It is almost exactly the same as the original.

Question: who were influenced by the singer?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Piece of Me [SEP] International version


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: who were influenced by the singer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how is her public image?

Answer: Upon launching her music career with "...Baby One More Time", Spears was labeled a teen idol, and "Rolling Stone" described her as "the latest model of a classic product: the unneurotic pop star who performs her duties with vaudevillian pluck and spokesmodel charm

Britney Spears [SEP] Public image

Upon launching her music career with "...Baby One More Time", Spears was labeled a teen idol, and "Rolling Stone" described her as "the latest model of a classic product: the unneurotic pop star who performs her duties with vaudevillian pluck and spokesmodel charm." The April 1999 cover of "Rolling Stone" featured Spears lying on her bed, wearing an open top revealing her bra, and shorts, while clutching a Teletubby. The American Family Association (AFA) referred to the shoot as "a disturbing mix of childhood innocence and adult sexuality" and called on "God-loving Americans to boycott stores selling Britney's albums." Spears responded to the outcry commenting, "What's the big deal? I have strong morals.


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: who were influenced by the singer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is her public image?

Context: Upon launching her music career with "...Baby One More Time", Spears was labeled a teen idol, and "Rolling Stone" described her as "the latest model of a classic product: the unneurotic pop star who performs her duties with vaudevillian pluck and spokesmodel charm

Question: what style of music does she follow?

Answer: Spears has explored and heavily incorporated the genres of electropop, trip hop in her earlier albums as well as dance music in her records, as well as influences of urban and hip hop which are most present on "In the Zone" and "Blackout"

Britney Spears [SEP] Musical style

Spears has explored and heavily incorporated the genres of electropop, trip hop in her earlier albums as well as dance music in her records, as well as influences of urban and hip hop which are most present on "In the Zone" and "Blackout". "In the Zone" also experiments with Euro trance, reggae and Middle Eastern music. "Femme Fatale" and "Britney Jean" were also heavily influenced by electronic music genres. Spears's ninth studio album "Glory" is decidedly more eclectic and experimental than her previous released work. She commented that it "took a lot of time [...] it's really different [...] there are like two or three songs that go in the direction of more urban that I've wanted to do for a long time now, and I just haven't really done that." The album, including its 2020 re-issue track Mood Ring incorporates R&B and elements of hip hop while also maintaining her traditional dance-pop style.


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: who were influenced by the singer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is her public image?

Context: what style of music does she follow?

Context: Spears has explored and heavily incorporated the genres of electropop, trip hop in her earlier albums as well as dance music in her records, as well as influences of urban and hip hop which are most present on "In the Zone" and "Blackout"

Question: can you name some of the products she endorses?

Answer: Spears's range of commercial deals and products includes beauty care products and perfumes.

Britney Spears [SEP] Product and endorsements

The singer was also featured on a commercial, which was directed by Ray Kay, to promote the game. Spears was also featured on the commercial of "Twister Rave" and the game included a Twister remix of "Circus". In March 2018, it was revealed that Spears would be the face of Kenzo, a contemporary French luxury clothing house. Spears's range of commercial deals and products also includes beauty care products and perfumes. She released her first perfume with Elizabeth Arden, "Curious" in 2004, which broke the company's first-week gross for a perfume. By 2009, she had released seven more perfumes including Fantasy.


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: who were influenced by the singer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is her public image?

Context: what style of music does she follow?

Context: can you name some of the products she endorses?

Context: Spears's range of commercial deals and products includes beauty care products and perfumes.

Question: can you name some from the former products that involves beauty?

Answer: "Curious", "Fantasy", "Radiance", etc.

Explanation: She released her first perfume with Elizabeth Arden, "Curious" in 2004, which broke the company's first-week gross for a perfume. By 2009, she had released seven more perfumes including Fantasy. In 2010, Spears released her eighth fragrance, "Radiance".

In 2016, Spears contacted Glu Mobile to create her own role-playing game, "Britney Spears: American Dream". The app officially launched in May 2016 and is compatible with iOS and Android. On June 17, 2016, Spears announced the release of her twentieth fragrance, "Private Show". , Spears has released 24 fragrances through Elizabeth Arden.


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: who were influenced by the singer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is her public image?

Context: what style of music does she follow?

Context: can you name some from the former products that involves beauty?

Context: "Curious", "Fantasy", "Radiance", etc.

Question: how was the song mentioned above received by the audience?

Answer: The music video received mixed reviews.

Piece of Me [SEP] Reception

The music video received mixed reviews from critics. "The Daily Telegraph" commented "Britney – presumably with the help of some serious digital remastering – has turned back the clock, looking every part the young starlet that gave us 'Oops'". "Dose" said "shockingly, it's not that bad. Well, not that bad for everyone's favourite panty protesting, deposition skipping, weave wearing pop-tard". On August 17, 2008, it was announced that the video was nominated for Best Female Video, Best Pop Video and Video of the Year at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards. The ceremony was held on September 7, 2008, and Spears won all three categories.


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: who were influenced by the singer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is her public image?

Context: what style of music does she follow?

Context: "Curious", "Fantasy", "Radiance", etc.

Context: how was the song mentioned above received by the audience?

Context: The music video received mixed reviews.

Question: when was it released?

Answer: November 27, 2007

Explanation: It was released on November 27, 2007 by Jive Records as the second single from the album, but was actually the last song recorded.

Piece of Me [SEP] Introduction


Context: was it performed live anywhere?

Context: who were influenced by the singer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is her public image?

Context: what style of music does she follow?

Context: "Curious", "Fantasy", "Radiance", etc.

Context: The music video received mixed reviews.

Context: when was it released?

Context: November 27, 2007

Question: how unique is the voice of the singer discussed above?

Answer: She possesses a contralto vocal range.

Britney Spears [SEP] Voice

Spears is a soprano. Other sources state that she possesses a contralto vocal range. Prior to her rise to stardom, she is described as having sung "much deeper than her highly recognizable trademark voice of today", with Eric Foster White, who worked with Spears on her debut album "...Baby One More Time", being cited as "[shaping] her voice over the course of a month" upon being signed to Jive Records "to where it is today—distinctively, unmistakably Britney". Rami Yacoub who co-produced Spears's debut album with lyricist Max Martin, commented, "I know from Denniz Pop and Max's previous productions, when we do songs, there's kind of a nasal thing.