Context: what is the meaning of yoga in hinduism

Context: what is its goal?

Context: The ultimate goal of Yoga is "Moksha"

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: from where has it evolved?

Context: is it related to mahabharata?

Context: Yes

Context: can you explain a bit how?

Context: is this last mentioned book, a novel?

Context: who is its writer?

Context: Vyāsa

Context: which historical facts you get in this?

Context: when was this mentioned war fought?

Context: with whom?

Context: Kauravas and the Pandavas

Context: why was it fought?

Context: The immediate dispute between the Kauravas and the Pandavas arose from a game of dice, which Duryodhana won by deceit, forcing his Pandava cousins to transfer their entire territories to the Kauravas and to "go into exile" for thirteen years

Question: what was bhagavad gita's role in this?

Answer: Despondent and confused about what is right and what is wrong, Arjuna turned to Krishna for divine advice and teachings, this conversation forms the Bhagavad Gita

Explanation: Despondent and confused about what is right and what is wrong, Arjuna turned to Krishna for divine advice and teachings. Krishna, who Arjuna chose as his charioteer, advised him of his duty. This conversation forms the Bhagavad Gita, one of the most respected religious and philosophical texts in the Hindu religion.

Kurukshetra War [SEP] The Bhagavad Gita

It also forms one of the foremost treatises on the several aspects of Yoga and mystical knowledge. Before the battle began, Yudhishthira did something unexpected. He suddenly dropped his weapons, took off his armor, and started walking towards the Kaurava army with folded hands in prayer. The Pandava brothers and the Kauravas looked on in disbelief, thinking Yudhishthira was surrendering before the first arrow was shot. Yudhishthira's purpose became clear, however, when he fell on Bhishma's feet to seek his blessing for success in battle. Bhishma, the grandfather to both the Pandavas and Kauravas, blessed Yudhishthira. Yudhishthira returned to his chariot and the battle was ready to commence.


Context: what is the meaning of yoga in hinduism

Context: The term "Yoga" in the Western world often denotes a modern form of hatha yoga and yoga as exercise, consisting largely of the postures or asanas

Context: what is its goal?

Context: The ultimate goal of Yoga is "Moksha"

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: Moksha also called vimoksha, vimukti and mukti, is a term in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism for various forms of emancipation, enlightenment, liberation, and release

Context: from where has it evolved?

Context: The concept of "moksha" appears much later in ancient Indian literature than the concept of "dharma"

Context: what reference in texts do we get about the above form of exercise?

Context: The first use of the root of the word "yoga" is in hymn 5.81.1 of the Rig Veda, a dedication to the rising Sun-god in the morning (Savitri), where it has been interpreted as "yoke" or "yogically control".

Context: is it related to mahabharata?

Context: Yes

Context: can you explain a bit how?

Context: Description of an early form of yoga called "nirodhayoga" is contained in the Mokshadharma section of the 12th chapter of the "Mahabharata"

Context: is this last mentioned book, a novel?

Context: The Mahābhārata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India,

Context: who is its writer?

Context: Vyāsa

Context: which historical facts you get in this?

Context: The historicity of the Kurukshetra War is unclear. Many historians estimate the date of the Kurukshetra war to Iron Age India of the 10th century BCE.

Context: when was this mentioned war fought?

Context: Suggested dates range from 5561 to around 950 BCE

Context: with whom?

Context: Kauravas and the Pandavas

Context: why was it fought?

Context: what was bhagavad gita's role in this?

Context: Despondent and confused about what is right and what is wrong, Arjuna turned to Krishna for divine advice and teachings, this conversation forms the Bhagavad Gita

Question: the person who turned for advice; was he cursed by anyone?

Answer: Yes, Arjuna was cursed by Urvashi

Arjuna [SEP] Cursed by Urvashi

During his exile Arjuna was invited to the palace of Indra, his father. An apsara named Urvashi was impressed and attracted to Arjuna's look and talent so she expresses her love in front of him. But Arjuna did not have any intentions of making love to Urvashi. Instead he called her “mother”. Because once Urvashi was the wife of King Pururavas the ancestor of Kuru dynasty. Urvashi felt insulted, and cursed Arjuna that he will be a eunuch for the rest of his life. Later on Indra's request, Urvashi curtailed the curse to a period of one year.


Context: what is the meaning of yoga in hinduism

Context: what is its goal?

Context: The ultimate goal of Yoga is "Moksha"

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: from where has it evolved?

Context: is it related to mahabharata?

Context: Yes

Context: can you explain a bit how?

Context: is this last mentioned book, a novel?

Context: who is its writer?

Context: Vyāsa

Context: which historical facts you get in this?

Context: when was this mentioned war fought?

Context: with whom?

Context: Kauravas and the Pandavas

Context: why was it fought?

Context: what was bhagavad gita's role in this?

Context: the person who turned for advice; was he cursed by anyone?

Context: Yes, Arjuna was cursed by Urvashi

Question: why?

Answer: Urvashi was impressed and attracted to Arjuna's look and talent so she expresses her love in front of Arjuna but Arjuna did not have any intentions of making love to Urvashi

Explanation: During his exile Arjuna was invited to the palace of Indra, his father. An apsara named Urvashi was impressed and attracted to Arjuna's look and talent so she expresses her love in front of him. But Arjuna did not have any intentions of making love to Urvashi. Instead he called her “mother”. Because once Urvashi was the wife of King Pururavas the ancestor of Kuru dynasty. Urvashi felt insulted, and cursed Arjuna that he will be a eunuch for the rest of his life. Later on Indra’s request, Urvashi curtailed the curse to a period of one year.

Arjuna [SEP] Cursed by Urvashi


Context: what is the meaning of yoga in hinduism

Context: what is its goal?

Context: The ultimate goal of Yoga is "Moksha"

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: from where has it evolved?

Context: is it related to mahabharata?

Context: Yes

Context: can you explain a bit how?

Context: is this last mentioned book, a novel?

Context: who is its writer?

Context: Vyāsa

Context: which historical facts you get in this?

Context: when was this mentioned war fought?

Context: with whom?

Context: Kauravas and the Pandavas

Context: why was it fought?

Context: what was bhagavad gita's role in this?

Context: Yes, Arjuna was cursed by Urvashi

Context: why?

Context: Urvashi was impressed and attracted to Arjuna's look and talent so she expresses her love in front of Arjuna but Arjuna did not have any intentions of making love to Urvashi

Question: who was he married to?

Answer: Draupadi

Arjuna [SEP] Marriages and children

Arjuna is a central character in the Hindu epics and appears in hundreds of situations. Among the most notable is his marriage to Draupadi, the fire born daughter of Drupada, who was the king of Panchala. After the event of Lakshagriha, Arjuna, his mother and brothers decide to hide from Hastinapura. One day, Arjuna comes to know that Drupada is holding an archery tournament to determine who should marry his daughter. The tournament was to lift and string a bow, and fire arrows to pierce the eye of a golden fish only by looking at its reflection in the water.


Context: what is the meaning of yoga in hinduism

Context: what is its goal?

Context: The ultimate goal of Yoga is "Moksha"

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: from where has it evolved?

Context: is it related to mahabharata?

Context: Yes

Context: can you explain a bit how?

Context: is this last mentioned book, a novel?

Context: who is its writer?

Context: Vyāsa

Context: which historical facts you get in this?

Context: when was this mentioned war fought?

Context: with whom?

Context: Kauravas and the Pandavas

Context: why was it fought?

Context: what was bhagavad gita's role in this?

Context: Yes, Arjuna was cursed by Urvashi

Context: why?

Context: who was he married to?

Context: Draupadi

Question: was this lady kidnapped by anyone?

Answer: Yes, by  Jayadratha

Draupadi [SEP] Abduction by Jayadratha

While the Pandavas were in the Kamyaka forest, they often went hunting, leaving Draupadi alone. At this time Jayadratha, the son of Vriddhakshatra and the husband of Duryodhana's sister Dussala, passed through Kamyaka forest on the way to Salva Desa. Jayadratha met Draupadi and then started beseeching her to go away with him and desert her husbands. Draupadi pointed out the immorality of deserting one's spouses when they were in difficulty, and attempted to stall and dissuade Jayadradtha by describing how the Pandavas would punish him. Failing with words, Jayadratha forced her onto his chariot. Meanwhile, the Pandavas finished their hunt and found Draupadi missing.


Context: what is the meaning of yoga in hinduism

Context: what is its goal?

Context: The ultimate goal of Yoga is "Moksha"

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: from where has it evolved?

Context: is it related to mahabharata?

Context: Yes

Context: can you explain a bit how?

Context: is this last mentioned book, a novel?

Context: who is its writer?

Context: Vyāsa

Context: which historical facts you get in this?

Context: when was this mentioned war fought?

Context: with whom?

Context: Kauravas and the Pandavas

Context: why was it fought?

Context: what was bhagavad gita's role in this?

Context: Yes, Arjuna was cursed by Urvashi

Context: why?

Context: who was he married to?

Context: Draupadi

Context: was this lady kidnapped by anyone?

Context: Yes, by  Jayadratha

Question: was she a goddess?

Answer: In Sanskrit Mahābhārata, Draupadi is described as the incarnation of different goddesses

Draupadi [SEP] Draupadi as a goddess

In Sanskrit Mahābhārata, Draupadi is described as the incarnation of different goddesses. In Sambhava section of Adi Parva, she is said to be partial incarnation of Goddess Shachi (or Sachi). However, in Vaivahika section of Adi Parva Vyasa describes her as the celestial Sri. In Svargarohanika Parva, Yudhisthira goes to heaven and sees Draupadi seated as Goddess Sri (Or Sree). In living traditions, however, Draupadi is seen more often as an incarnation of Adi Shakti and Goddess Kali. The Draupadi Amman sect (or Draupadi devotional sect) is a tradition that binds together a community of people in worshipping Draupadi Amman as a village goddess with unique rituals and mythologies.


Question: who played joey the lips in the commitments

Answer: Johnny Murphy

The Commitments (film) [SEP] Casting

Rory Gallagher was also considered before veteran film and stage actor Johnny Murphy secured the role. Although Murphy could not play an instrument, Parker felt that he best captured the essence of both the character and the film. Murphy was the only cast member who did not do his own playing in the film. Bronagh Gallagher, another established actor, was cast as Bernie McGloughlin, one of the band's three backup singers known as "The Commitmentettes". The actress, born in Derry, Northern Ireland, had to learn a Dublin accent for the role. Angeline Ball secured the role of Imelda Quirke after a private audition with the Hubbards.


Context: who played joey the lips in the commitments

Context: Johnny Murphy

Question: who directed this film?

Answer: Alan Parker

Explanation: It was directed by Alan Parker from a

The Commitments (film) [SEP] Introduction

The Commitments is a 1991 musical comedy-drama film based on the 1987 novel of the same name by Roddy Doyle. It was directed by Alan Parker from a screenplay written by Doyle, Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais. Set in the Northside of Dublin, the film tells the story of Jimmy Rabbitte (Robert Arkins), a young music fanatic who assembles a group of working-class youths to form a soul band named "The Commitments". The film is the first in a series known as "The Barrytown Trilogy", followed by "The Snapper" (1993) and "The Van" (1996). Producers Lynda Myles and Roger Randall-Cutler acquired the film rights to the novel in 1988, and commissioned Doyle, a first-time screenwriter, to write an adaptation.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Question: which work gave this director his first break in the industry?

Answer: Writing and directing advertisements

Alan Parker [SEP] 1962–1975: Early work and breakthrough

Parker credited Puttnam with inspiring him and talking him into writing his first film script, "Melody" (1971). By 1968, Parker had moved from copywriting to successfully directing numerous television advertisements. In 1970, he joined Alan Marshall to establish a company to make advertisements. That company eventually became one of Britain's best commercial production houses, winning nearly every major national and international award open to it. Among their award-winning adverts were the UK Cinzano vermouth advertisement (starring Joan Collins and Leonard Rossiter), and a Heineken advert which used one hundred actors. Parker credited his years writing and directing adverts for his later success as a film director: After writing the screenplay for the Waris Hussein film "Melody" in 1971, Parker shot his first fictional film titled "No Hard Feelings" in 1973, for which he wrote the script.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: which work gave this director his first break in the industry?

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Question: other than johnny, who were the other stars of the above film?

Answer: Sean Hughes, Maura O'Malley, Jim Corr, Caroline Corr

The Commitments (film) [SEP] Cast

In addition, comedian Sean Hughes played Dave from Eejit Records while Maura O'Malley played Joey's mother. Besides Andrea, the other three members of The Corrs appear in the film, with Jim Corr in a credited role and Sharon and Caroline Corr in brief background roles. The film's director, Alan Parker, plays an unnamed producer at Eejit Records at the end of the film. While the Jimmy character regularly voices both sides of his imaginary interview on the Terry Wogan show, Wogan does not appear.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Context: other than johnny, who were the other stars of the above film?

Context: Sean Hughes, Maura O'Malley, Jim Corr, Caroline Corr

Question: what were the collections of this film?

Answer: $14,919,570

The Commitments (film) [SEP] Box office

After eight weeks of release, "The Commitments" ended its theatrical run with an overall gross of $14,919,570. In North America, it was the 80th highest-grossing film of 1991 and the 42nd highest-grossing R-rated film of that year. The film was the highest-grossing film in Ireland of all time.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Context: what were the collections of this film?

Question: from the above mentioned actors, where is the last actor from?

Answer: Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland

Caroline Corr [SEP] Biography

Corr was born on St. Patrick's Day (national day of Ireland) in Dundalk, County Louth on the east coast of Ireland, 50 miles north of Dublin, to Jean and Gerry Corr. She was brought up in a Catholic household. Corr has three siblings: an older sister Sharon Corr, older brother Jim Corr and a younger sister Andrea Corr. She was sent to the same school, Dun Lughaidh Convent, as her sisters Her parents played ballads and folk tunes in local bands, and formed their own band called "Sound Affair". Jean sang and Gerry played the keyboards and they performed covers of songs by various famous bands.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Context: what were the collections of this film?

Context: from the above mentioned actors, where is the last actor from?

Context: Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland

Question: has the film received any awards?

Answer: Yes. British Academy Film Awards,

The Commitments (film) [SEP] Accolades

On 19 February 1992, "The Commitments" received one Academy Award nomination for Best Film Editing, but lost to "JFK" at the 64th Academy Awards ceremony on 30 March 1992. At the 45th British Academy Film Awards, the film received six nominations, and won four for Best Film, Best Direction, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Editing.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Context: what were the collections of this film?

Context: Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland

Context: has the film received any awards?

Context: Yes. British Academy Film Awards,

Question: for which category?

Answer: Best Film, Best Direction, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Editing

The Commitments (film) [SEP] Accolades


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Context: what were the collections of this film?

Context: Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland

Context: has the film received any awards?

Context: Yes. British Academy Film Awards,

Context: for which category?

Context: Best Film, Best Direction, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Editing

Question: with regards to the second last actor from the list, does the actor have another career other than acting?

Answer: Yes. A musician, singer, songwriter and DJ

Jim Corr [SEP] Introduction

James Steven Ignatius Corr, (born 31 July 1964) is an Irish musician, singer, songwriter and DJ. He is a member of the Irish folk/rock band The Corrs, the other members being his three younger sisters Andrea, Sharon and Caroline.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Context: what were the collections of this film?

Context: Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland

Context: has the film received any awards?

Context: Yes. British Academy Film Awards,

Context: for which category?

Context: with regards to the second last actor from the list, does the actor have another career other than acting?

Context: Yes. A musician, singer, songwriter and DJ

Question: can you name some of work in music?

Answer: Talk on Corners

The Corrs [SEP] Introduction

The Corrs are an Irish band that combine pop rock with traditional Irish themes within their music. The group consists of the Corr siblings, Andrea (lead vocals, tin whistle, ukulele), Sharon (violin, keyboards, vocals), Caroline (drums, percussion, piano, bodhrán, vocals) and Jim (guitar, piano, keyboards, vocals). They are from Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland. The Corrs have released seven studio albums and numerous singles, which have reached Platinum in many countries, and have sold 40 million albums worldwide. "Talk on Corners", their most successful album to date, reached multi-Platinum status in Australia, and in the UK it was the highest selling album of 1998.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Context: what were the collections of this film?

Context: Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland

Context: has the film received any awards?

Context: Yes. British Academy Film Awards,

Context: for which category?

Context: can you name some of work in music?

Context: Talk on Corners

Question: what is this?

Answer: Second studio album by Irish pop rock band The Corrs

Talk on Corners [SEP] Introduction

Talk on Corners is the second studio album by Irish pop rock band The Corrs. It was released on 17 October 1997 by 143, Lava and Atlantic Records. Preceded by lead single "Only When I Sleep", which became a top ten hit internationally, the album was an immediate commercial success in several territories, including Ireland, Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Australia, New Zealand and Japan. Its commercial performance elsewhere was initially modest, however. The Corrs' entire concert from the Royal Albert Hall was broadcast live on BBC One on Saint Patrick's Day in 1998, where they were joined during their performance of "Dreams" by Fleetwood Mac drummer Mick Fleetwood.


Context: Johnny Murphy

Context: who directed this film?

Context: Alan Parker

Context: Writing and directing advertisements

Context: what were the collections of this film?

Context: Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland

Context: has the film received any awards?

Context: Yes. British Academy Film Awards,

Context: for which category?

Context: can you name some of work in music?

Context: Talk on Corners

Context: what is this?

Context: Second studio album by Irish pop rock band The Corrs

Question: who are the band members?

Answer: Corr siblings, Andrea, Sharon, Caroline and Jim

Explanation: The group consists of the Corr siblings, Andrea (lead vocals, tin whistle, ukulele), Sharon (violin, keyboards, vocals), Caroline (drums, percussion, piano, bodhrán, vocals) and Jim (guitar, piano, keyboards, vocals).

The Corrs [SEP] Introduction


Question: where does the name guinea pig come from

Answer: From Latin for "little pig"; derived from "cabiai", the animal's name in the language of the Galibi tribes once native to French Guiana

Guinea pig [SEP] Name

The scientific name of the common species is "Cavia porcellus", with "" being Latin for "little pig". "Cavia" is New Latin; it is derived from "cabiai", the animal's name in the language of the Galibi tribes once native to French Guiana. "Cabiai" may be an adaptation of the Portuguese "çavia" (now "savia"), which is itself derived from the Tupi word "saujá", meaning rat. Guinea pigs are called "quwi" or "jaca" in Quechua and "cuy" or "cuyo" (plural "cuyes, cuyos") in the Spanish of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Breeders tend to use the more formal "cavy" to describe the animal, while in scientific and laboratory contexts, it is far more commonly referred to by the more colloquial "guinea pig".


Context: where does the name guinea pig come from

Context: From Latin for "little pig"; derived from "cabiai", the animal's name in the language of the Galibi tribes once native to French Guiana

Question: what is their role in research and science?

Answer: Italian biologists Marcello Malpighi and Carlo Fracassati conducted vivisections of this animal in their examinations of anatomic structures.

Guinea pig [SEP] In scientific research

The use of guinea pigs in scientific experimentation dates back at least to the 17th century, when the Italian biologists Marcello Malpighi and Carlo Fracassati conducted vivisections of guinea pigs in their examinations of anatomic structures. In 1780, Antoine Lavoisier used a guinea pig in his experiments with the calorimeter, a device used to measure heat production. The heat from the guinea pig's respiration melted snow surrounding the calorimeter, showing that respiratory gas exchange is a combustion, similar to a candle burning. Guinea pigs played a major role in the establishment of germ theory in the late 19th century, through the experiments of Louis Pasteur, Émile Roux, and Robert Koch.


Context: what is their role in research and science?

Context: Italian biologists Marcello Malpighi and Carlo Fracassati conducted vivisections of this animal in their examinations of anatomic structures.

Question: have these animals been domesticated?

Answer: Yes, domesticated animals generally live in cages, although some owners of large numbers of guinea pigs dedicate entire rooms to their pets.

Guinea pig [SEP] Domestic habitat

Activity is scattered randomly throughout the day; aside from an avoidance of intense light, no regular circadian patterns are apparent. Domestic guinea pigs generally live in cages, although some owners of large numbers of guinea pigs dedicate entire rooms to their pets. Cages with solid or wire mesh floors are used, although wire mesh floors can cause injury and may be associated with an infection commonly known as bumblefoot (ulcerative pododermatitis). "Cubes and Coroplast" (C&C) style cages are now a common choice. Cages are often lined with wood shavings or a similar material. Bedding made from red cedar (Eastern or Western) and pine, both softwoods, were commonly used in the past, but these materials are now believed to contain harmful phenols (aromatic hydrocarbons) and oils.


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: Yes, domesticated animals generally live in cages, although some owners of large numbers of guinea pigs dedicate entire rooms to their pets.

Question: when were they domesticated for the first time?

Answer: 5000 BC

Guinea pig [SEP] History

The guinea pig was first domesticated as early as 5000 BC for food by tribes in the Andean region of South America (the present-day southern part of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia), some thousands of years after the domestication of the South American camelids. Statues dating from "circa" 500 BC to 500 AD that depict guinea pigs have been unearthed in archaeological digs in Peru and Ecuador. The Moche people of ancient Peru worshipped animals and often depicted the guinea pig in their art. From about 1200 AD to the Spanish conquest in 1532, the indigenous peoples used selective breeding to develop many varieties of domestic guinea pigs, which formed the basis for some of the modern domestic breeds.


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: when were they domesticated for the first time?

Context: 5000 BC

Question: by whom?

Answer: Tribes in the Andean region of South America

Guinea pig [SEP] History


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: 5000 BC

Context: by whom?

Context: Tribes in the Andean region of South America

Question: can you explain the scientific procedure you mentioned above, in brief?

Answer: Also known as a V-section - surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure.

Vivisection [SEP] Introduction

Vivisection (), also known as V-section, is surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure. The word is, more broadly, used as a pejorative catch-all term for experimentation on live animals by organizations opposed to animal experimentation, but the term is rarely used by practising scientists. Human vivisection, such as live organ harvesting, has been perpetrated as a form of torture. However, as "vivisection" etymologically means a surgery on a living being, all forms of open surgery on living people are literally "human vivisection".


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: 5000 BC

Context: by whom?

Context: can you explain the scientific procedure you mentioned above, in brief?

Context: Also known as a V-section - surgery conducted for experimental purposes on a living organism, typically animals with a central nervous system, to view living internal structure.

Question: is this considered to be cruel to animals?

Answer: Yes, the Cruelty to Animals Act, 1876 in Britain determined that one could only conduct vivisection on animals with the appropriate license from the state, and that the work the physiologist was doing had to be original and absolutely necessary.

Vivisection [SEP] David Ferrier and the Cruelty to Animals Act 1876

The Cruelty to Animals Act, 1876 in Britain determined that one could only conduct vivisection on animals with the appropriate license from the state, and that the work the physiologist was doing had to be original and absolutely necessary. The stage was set for such legislation by physiologist David Ferrier. Ferrier was a pioneer in understanding the brain and used animals to show that certain locales of the brain corresponded to bodily movement elsewhere in the body in 1873. He put these animals to sleep, and caused them to move unconsciously with a probe. Ferrier was successful, but many decried his use of animals in his experiments.


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: 5000 BC

Context: by whom?

Context: is this considered to be cruel to animals?

Context: Yes, the Cruelty to Animals Act, 1876 in Britain determined that one could only conduct vivisection on animals with the appropriate license from the state, and that the work the physiologist was doing had to be original and absolutely necessary.

Question: is this procedure performed on humans as well?

Answer: Yes, it was practiced by some Greek anatomists in Alexandria in the 3rd century BC.

Vivisection [SEP] Human vivisection

It is possible that human vivisection was practiced by some Greek anatomists in Alexandria in the 3rd century BC. Celsus in "De Medicina" and the early-Christian writer Tertullian state that Herophilos of Alexandria vivisected at least 600 live prisoners. Unit 731, a biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army, undertook lethal human experimentation during the period that comprised both the Second Sino-Japanese War, and the Second World War (1937–1945). In Mindanao, Moro Muslim prisoners of war were subjected to various forms of vivisection by the Japanese, in many cases without anesthesia. Nazi human experimentation involved many medical experiments on live subjects, such as vivisections by Josef Mengele, usually without anesthesia.


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: 5000 BC

Context: by whom?

Context: is this procedure performed on humans as well?

Context: Yes, it was practiced by some Greek anatomists in Alexandria in the 3rd century BC.

Question: can you name some of them?

Answer: Herophilos of Alexandria, Imperial Japanese Army, Josef Mengele

Explanation:
Celsus in "De Medicina" and the early-Christian writer Tertullian state that Herophilos of Alexandria vivisected at least 600 live prisoners.

Unit 731, a biological and chemical warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army, undertook lethal human experimentation during the period that comprised both the Second Sino-Japanese War, and the Second World War (1937–1945). In Mindanao, Moro Muslim prisoners of war were subjected to various forms of vivisection by the Japanese, in many cases without anesthesia.

Nazi human experimentation involved many medical experiments on live subjects, such as vivisections by Josef Mengele, usually without anesthesia.

Vivisection [SEP] Human vivisection


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: 5000 BC

Context: by whom?

Context: can you name some of them?

Context: Herophilos of Alexandria, Imperial Japanese Army, Josef Mengele

Question: apart from the procedure already mentioned, what were some of the other contributions of the first anatomist?

Answer: He was a forerunner of the Empiric school of medicine which combined Herophilos' empirical impulses with critical tools borrowed from Pyrrhonist philosophy.

Herophilos [SEP] Medicine

He emphasised the use of the experimental method in medicine, for he considered it essential to found knowledge on empirical bases. He was a forerunner of the Empiric school of medicine, founded by Herophilos' pupil Philinus of Cos, which combined Herophilos' empirical impulses with critical tools borrowed from Pyrrhonist philosophy. However, the Empirics found Herophilos wanting, mounting two chief attacks against him: Conventional medicine of the time revolved around the theory of the four humors in which an imbalance between bile, black bile, phlegm, and blood led to sickness or disease. Veins were believed to be filled with blood and a mixture of air and water.


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: 5000 BC

Context: by whom?

Context: can you name some of them?

Context: apart from the procedure already mentioned, what were some of the other contributions of the first anatomist?

Context: He was a forerunner of the Empiric school of medicine which combined Herophilos' empirical impulses with critical tools borrowed from Pyrrhonist philosophy.

Question: who were the other specialists that belonged to the first school?

Answer: Serapion of Alexandria, Philinus of Cos, and Apollonius of Citium, among others.

Empiric school [SEP] Introduction

The Empiric school of medicine ("Empirics", "Empiricists", or "Empirici", ) was a school of medicine founded in 330 BCE in ancient Greece, and continuing in Rome. They were so called from the word (ἐμπειρία "experience") because they professed to derive their knowledge from "experiences" only, and in doing so set themselves in opposition to the Dogmatic school. Serapion of Alexandria, and Philinus of Cos, are regarded as the founders of this school in the 3rd century BC. Other physicians who belonged to this sect were: Apollonius of Citium, Glaucias, Heraclides, Bacchius, Zeuxis, Menodotus, Theodas, Herodotus of Tarsus, Aeschrion, Sextus Empiricus, and Marcellus Empiricus.


Context: have these animals been domesticated?

Context: 5000 BC

Context: by whom?

Context: can you name some of them?

Context: who were the other specialists that belonged to the first school?

Context: Serapion of Alexandria, Philinus of Cos, and Apollonius of Citium, among others.

Question: and what was their main philosophy behind medicinal science?

Answer: They approached medicine exactly as the Pyrrhonists approached the whole of life.

Empiric school [SEP] Philosophy

The Empiric school of medicine had substantial overlap with the Greek philosophical school of Pyrrhonism. Galen noted that the Empirics approached medicine exactly as the Pyrrhonists approached the whole of life. Many of the well-known Empirics were also Pyrrhonist teachers, including: Sextus Empiricus, Herodotus of Tarsus, Heraclides, Theodas, and Menodotus.


Question: the right to die issue came to national attention in 1975 with the landmark case involving

Answer: Involving Theresa Marie Schiavo

Terri Schiavo case [SEP] Introduction

The Terri Schiavo case was a right-to-die legal case in the United States from 1998 to 2005, involving Theresa Marie Schiavo (née Schindler) (; December 3, 1963 – March 31, 2005), a woman in an irreversible persistent vegetative state. Schiavo's husband and legal guardian argued that Schiavo would not have wanted prolonged artificial life support without the prospect of recovery, and elected to remove her feeding tube. Schiavo's parents disputed her husband's assertions and challenged Schiavo's medical diagnosis, arguing in favor of continuing artificial nutrition and hydration. The highly publicized and prolonged series of legal challenges presented by her parents, which ultimately involved state and federal politicians up to the level of President George W.


Context: the right to die issue came to national attention in 1975 with the landmark case involving

Context: Involving Theresa Marie Schiavo

Question: what is this case about?

Answer: It was a right-to-die legal case in the United States  involving a woman in an irreversible persistent vegetative state

Explanation: The Terri Schiavo case was a right-to-die legal case in the United States from 1998 to 2005, involving Theresa Marie Schiavo (née Schindler) (; December 3, 1963 – March 31, 2005), a woman in an irreversible persistent vegetative state.

Terri Schiavo case [SEP] Introduction

The Schiavo case involved 14 appeals and numerous motions, petitions, and hearings in the Florida courts; five suits in federal district court; extensive political intervention at the levels of the Florida state legislature, Governor Jeb Bush, the U.S. Congress, and President George W. Bush; and four denials of "certiorari" from the Supreme Court of the United States. The case also spurred highly visible activism from the pro-life movement, the right-to-die movement, and disability rights groups. Since Schiavo's death, both her husband and her family have written books on their sides of the case, and both have also been involved in activism over its larger issues.


Context: Involving Theresa Marie Schiavo

Context: what is this case about?

Context: It was a right-to-die legal case in the United States  involving a woman in an irreversible persistent vegetative state

Question: what is its date?

Answer: From 1998 to 2005

Explanation: 1998 to 2005,

Terri Schiavo case [SEP] Introduction


Context: Involving Theresa Marie Schiavo

Context: what is this case about?

Context: what is its date?

Context: From 1998 to 2005

Question: why did she plead for death?

Answer: Because she was in an irreversible persistent vegetative state

Explanation: The Terri Schiavo case was a right-to-die legal case in the United States from 1998 to 2005, involving Theresa Marie Schiavo (née Schindler) (; December 3, 1963 – March 31, 2005), a woman in an irreversible persistent vegetative state. Schiavo's husband and legal guardian argued that Schiavo would not have wanted prolonged artificial life support without the prospect of recovery, and elected to remove her feeding tube

Terri Schiavo case [SEP] Introduction


Context: Involving Theresa Marie Schiavo

Context: what is this case about?

Context: what is its date?

Context: From 1998 to 2005

Context: why did she plead for death?

Context: Because she was in an irreversible persistent vegetative state

Question: what kind of state is this?

Answer: It is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness.

Persistent vegetative state [SEP] Introduction

A persistent vegetative state (PVS) or post-coma unresponsiveness (PCU) is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness. After four weeks in a vegetative state (VS), the patient is classified as in a persistent vegetative state. This diagnosis is classified as a permanent vegetative state some months (three in the US and six in the UK) after a non-traumatic brain injury or one year after a traumatic injury. Today, doctors and neuroscientists prefer to call the state of consciousness a "syndrome", primarily because of ethical questions about whether a patient can be called "vegetative" or not.


Context: Involving Theresa Marie Schiavo

Context: what is this case about?

Context: what is its date?

Context: From 1998 to 2005

Context: why did she plead for death?

Context: what kind of state is this?

Context: It is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness.

Question: what is its cause?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Persistent vegetative state [SEP] Causes

There are three main causes of PVS (persistent vegetative state): Medical books (such as Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins. (2007). In A Page: Pediatric Signs and Symptoms) describe several potential causes of PVS, which are as follows: In addition, these authors claim that doctors sometimes use the mnemonic device AEIOU-TIPS to recall portions of the differential diagnosis: Alcohol ingestion and acidosis, Epilepsy and encephalopathy, Infection, Opiates, Uremia, Trauma, Insulin overdose or inflammatory disorders, Poisoning and psychogenic causes, and Shock.


Context: Involving Theresa Marie Schiavo

Context: what is this case about?

Context: what is its date?

Context: From 1998 to 2005

Context: why did she plead for death?

Context: what kind of state is this?

Context: what is its cause?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: can it be treated?

Answer: Currently no treatment for vegetative state exists that would satisfy the efficacy criteria of evidence-based medicine.

Persistent vegetative state [SEP] Treatment

Currently no treatment for vegetative state exists that would satisfy the efficacy criteria of evidence-based medicine. Several methods have been proposed which can roughly be subdivided into four categories: pharmacological methods, surgery, physical therapy, and various stimulation techniques. Pharmacological therapy mainly uses activating substances such as tricyclic antidepressants or methylphenidate. Mixed results have been reported using dopaminergic drugs such as amantadine and bromocriptine and stimulants such as dextroamphetamine. Surgical methods such as deep brain stimulation are used less frequently due to the invasiveness of the procedures. Stimulation techniques include sensory stimulation, sensory regulation, music and musicokinetic therapy, social-tactile interaction, and cortical stimulation.


Question: where exactly is the midland railway war memorial located?

Answer: Derby in the East Midlands of England

Midland Railway War Memorial [SEP] Introduction

The Midland Railway War Memorial is a First World War memorial in Derby in the East Midlands of England. It was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens and unveiled in 1921. The memorial commemorates employees of the Midland Railway who died while serving in the armed forces during the First World War. The Midland was one of the largest railway companies in Britain in the early 20th century, and the largest employer in Derby, where it had its headquarters. Around a third of the company's workforce, some 23,000 men, left to fight, of whom 2,833 were killed. Standing on Midland Road, within sight of Derby Midland railway station and backing on to the garden of the Midland Hotel, the memorial consists of a cenotaph surrounded on three sides by a screen wall.


Context: where exactly is the midland railway war memorial located?

Context: Derby in the East Midlands of England

Question: it was built in remembrance of whom?

Answer: First World War memorial


Context: Derby in the East Midlands of England

Context: it was built in remembrance of whom?

Context: First World War memorial

Question: who designed it?

Answer: Sir Edwin Lutyens

Midland Railway War Memorial [SEP] Architect

In the aftermath of the war and its unprecedented casualties, thousands of memorials were built across Britain. Amongst the most prominent designers of memorials was Sir Edwin Lutyens, described by Historic England as "the leading English architect of his generation". Lutyens established his reputation designing country houses for wealthy clients and later built much of New Delhi, but the war had a profound effect on him. Thereafter, he dedicated much of his time to commemorating its casualties. He became renowned for The Cenotaph in London, which became Britain's national memorial, and for his work for the Imperial War Graves Commission.


Context: Derby in the East Midlands of England

Context: it was built in remembrance of whom?

Context: First World War memorial

Context: who designed it?

Context: Sir Edwin Lutyens

Question: when was this structure on display?

Answer: It was unveiled in 1921

Explanation: The Midland Railway War Memorial is a First World War memorial in Derby in the East Midlands of England. It was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens and unveiled in 1921.


Context: Derby in the East Midlands of England

Context: it was built in remembrance of whom?

Context: First World War memorial

Context: who designed it?

Context: Sir Edwin Lutyens

Context: when was this structure on display?

Context: It was unveiled in 1921

Question: what is this structure made up of?

Answer: Portland stone

Midland Railway War Memorial [SEP] Design

The memorial stands on Midland Road, within sight of Midland station and adjacent to the Midland Hotel, encroaching onto the hotel's garden. Of Portland stone construction, the memorial consists of a high cenotaph with rounded sides in the centre of a high screen wall. At the top of the cenotaph is a recumbent effigy of an unknown soldier, partially covered by his greatcoat and with his Brodie helmet and bayonet at his feet. The soldier lies on a catafalque, beneath which is a sculpture of a lion's head at each of the four corners. Further down is a carving of the Midland Railway's coat of arms on two sides, which is enclosed in a laurel wreath.


Question: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Answer: 2006

MacBook Pro [SEP] Introduction

The MacBook Pro is a line of Macintosh portable computers introduced in January 2006, by Apple Inc. It is the higher-end model of the MacBook family, sitting above the consumer-focused MacBook Air, and is sold with 13- and 16-inch screens. A 17-inch version was sold from April 2006 to June 2012. The first-generation MacBook Pro used the design of the PowerBook G4, but replaced the PowerPC G4 chips with Intel Core processors, added a webcam, and introduced the MagSafe power connector. The 15-inch model was introduced in January 2006; the 17-inch model in April. Later revisions added Core 2 Duo processors and LED-backlit displays.


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Question: what is this pro?

Answer: It is the higher-end model of the MacBook family, sitting above the consumer-focused MacBook Air.

Explanation: The MacBook Pro is a line of Macintosh portable computers introduced in January 2006, by Apple Inc. It is the higher-end model of the MacBook family, sitting above the consumer-focused MacBook Air, and is sold with 13- and 16-inch screens. A 17-inch version was sold from April 2006 to June 2012.

MacBook Pro [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: It is the higher-end model of the MacBook family, sitting above the consumer-focused MacBook Air.

Question: how reliable is its keyboard?

Answer: A report by AppleInsider has claimed that the updated butterfly keyboard fails twice as often as previous models, often due to particles stuck beneath the keys.

MacBook Pro [SEP] Keyboard reliability

A report by AppleInsider has claimed that the updated butterfly keyboard fails twice as often as previous models, often due to particles stuck beneath the keys. Repairs for stuck keys have been estimated to cost more than $700. In May 2018, two class action lawsuits were filed against Apple regarding the keyboard problem; one alleged a "constant threat of nonresponsive keys and accompanying keyboard failure" and accusing Apple of not alerting consumers to the problem. In June 2018, Apple announced a Service Program to "service eligible MacBook and MacBook Pro keyboards, free of charge". The 2018 models added a membrane underneath keys to prevent malfunction from dust.


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: how reliable is its keyboard?

Context: A report by AppleInsider has claimed that the updated butterfly keyboard fails twice as often as previous models, often due to particles stuck beneath the keys.

Question: how was the latter mentioned model received?

Answer: It received mixed reviews which praised its portability, but criticized the compromises made in terms of features.

MacBook Air [SEP] Reception

On its introduction, the MacBook Air received mixed reviews which praised its portability, but criticized the compromises made in terms of features. The full-sized keyboard, lightness, thinness, and Multi-Touch trackpad were appreciated in reviews, while the limited configuration options and ports, slow speed (in non-SSD models), non-user-replaceable battery, small hard drive, and price were criticized. The flip-down hatch on the side of the original MacBook Air was a tight fit for some headphone plugs and USB devices, requiring users to purchase an extension cable. Apple removed the flip-down hatch on the late 2010 model in favor of open ports like those of most other laptops.


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: how reliable is its keyboard?

Context: how was the latter mentioned model received?

Context: It received mixed reviews which praised its portability, but criticized the compromises made in terms of features.

Question: how was its style and upgradation?

Answer: Its components are officially non-user-replaceable, third parties do sell upgrade kits for the SSDs.

MacBook Air [SEP] Design and upgradability

Although MacBook Air components are officially non-user-replaceable, third parties do sell upgrade kits for the SSDs. The flash memory and battery are enclosed in the casing, and the RAM is soldered onto the motherboard. The flash memory is difficult to access and has a 128 MB cache and a mSATA connection (updated to a proprietary PCIe interface) to the motherboard.


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: how reliable is its keyboard?

Context: how was its style and upgradation?

Context: Its components are officially non-user-replaceable, third parties do sell upgrade kits for the SSDs.

Question: what are some problems it encountered?

Answer: Due to a more mature manufacturing process, the CPUs in its second-generation performs better under load, as the first generation chips ran hotter.

MacBook Air [SEP] Issues

Due to a more mature manufacturing process, the CPUs in the second-generation MacBook Air performs better under load, as the first generation chips ran hotter—the processor needed to be throttled to avoid overheating and this further degraded performance. On October 17, 2013, Apple announced a replacement program for the 64 GB and 128 GB MacBook Air flash storage drives installed in Air systems purchased between June 2012 and June 2013.


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: how reliable is its keyboard?

Context: how was its style and upgradation?

Context: what are some problems it encountered?

Context: Due to a more mature manufacturing process, the CPUs in its second-generation performs better under load, as the first generation chips ran hotter.

Question: what kind of laptop is it known as?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

MacBook Air [SEP] Issues


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: how reliable is its keyboard?

Context: how was its style and upgradation?

Context: what are some problems it encountered?

Context: what kind of laptop is it known as?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is its comparisons with other devices?

Answer: The 11-inch MacBook Air carried the desirable essential attributes of a netbook, but without the drawbacks of a slower processor and less capable operating system, albeit at a higher price.

MacBook Air [SEP] Comparison with iPad and netbooks

Although the 11-inch Air is only 0.6 pounds lighter than the 13-inch Air, the biggest difference is the footprint which gives each model a distinct category; the 13-inch Air is much closer in size to most other conventional laptops, while the 11-inch Air is almost small enough to fit in a space that can hold an iPad. The 11-inch MacBook Air carried the desirable essential attributes of a netbook, but without the drawbacks of a slower processor and less capable operating system, albeit at a higher price. At the low end, Apple introduced the iPad—a different form factor than the netbook, but with improved computing capabilities and lower production cost.


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: how reliable is its keyboard?

Context: how was its style and upgradation?

Context: what are some problems it encountered?

Context: what kind of laptop is it known as?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its comparisons with other devices?

Context: The 11-inch MacBook Air carried the desirable essential attributes of a netbook, but without the drawbacks of a slower processor and less capable operating system, albeit at a higher price.

Question: what is this book mentioned above?

Answer: It is a small, lightweight, legacy-free, and inexpensive laptop computer.

Netbook [SEP] Introduction

A netbook belongs to a class of small, lightweight, legacy-free, and inexpensive laptop computers introduced in 2007. Netbooks compete in the same market segment as mobiles and Chromebooks (a variation on the portable network computer). At their inception in late 2007 as smaller-than-typical notebooks optimized for low weight and low cost—notebook designs began appearing with the omission of certain features (e.g., the optical drive), featuring smaller screens and keyboards, and a reduction of computing power when compared to a full-sized laptop. Over the course of their evolution, netbooks have ranged in size from below 5" screen diagonal to 12". A typical weight is ().


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: how reliable is its keyboard?

Context: how was its style and upgradation?

Context: what are some problems it encountered?

Context: what kind of laptop is it known as?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this book mentioned above?

Context: It is a small, lightweight, legacy-free, and inexpensive laptop computer.

Question: what is its usage?

Answer: Majority of its use is in the education sector, to fulfill the need to prepare children for 21st-century lifestyles, combined with hundreds of new educational tools that can be found online.

Netbook [SEP] Use

Netbooks are a growing trend in education for several reasons. The need to prepare children for 21st-century lifestyles, combined with hundreds of new educational tools that can be found online, and a growing emphasis on student centered learning are three of the biggest contributing factors to the rising use of netbook technology in schools. Dell was one of the first to mass-produce a ruggedised netbook for the education sector, by having a rubber outlay, touchscreen and network activity light to show the teacher the netbook is online.


Context: when did the macbook pro 13 come out

Context: what is this pro?

Context: how reliable is its keyboard?

Context: how was its style and upgradation?

Context: what are some problems it encountered?

Context: what kind of laptop is it known as?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this book mentioned above?

Context: what is its usage?

Context: Majority of its use is in the education sector, to fulfill the need to prepare children for 21st-century lifestyles, combined with hundreds of new educational tools that can be found online.

Question: what are the interfaces it can work in?

Answer: Wi-Fi wireless networking, ethernet and/or modem ports, for broadband or dial-up Internet access.

Explanation: All netbooks on the market today support Wi-Fi wireless networking and many can be used on mobile telephone networks with data capability (for example, 3G). Mobile data plans are supplied under contract in the same way as mobile telephones. Some also include ethernet and/or modem ports, for broadband or dial-up Internet access, respectively.

Netbook [SEP] Hardware

Mobile data plans are supplied under contract in the same way as mobile telephones. Some also include ethernet and/or modem ports, for broadband or dial-up Internet access, respectively. It remains to be seen whether Intel's new silvermont architecture, released in 2013, will revive sales as new chips will offer far greater power using the same wattage.


Question: where is the brain located in a human body

Answer: It is located in and protected by the skull bones of the Head

Human brain [SEP] Introduction

The human brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system. The brain consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. It controls most of the activities of the body, processing, integrating, and coordinating the information it receives from the sense organs, and making decisions as to the instructions sent to the rest of the body. The brain is contained in, and protected by, the skull bones of the head. The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain. It is divided into two cerebral hemispheres.


Context: where is the brain located in a human body

Context: It is located in and protected by the skull bones of the Head

Question: what type of researches are being carried on it?

Answer: Research has been ongoing to study on How the Brain works.

Human brain [SEP] Research

The brain is not fully understood, and research is ongoing. Neuroscientists, along with researchers from allied disciplines, study how the human brain works. The boundaries between the specialties of neuroscience, neurology and other disciplines such as psychiatry have faded as they are all influenced by basic research in neuroscience. Neuroscience research has expanded considerably in recent decades. The "Decade of the Brain", an initiative of the United States Government in the 1990s, is considered to have marked much of this increase in research, and was followed in 2013 by the BRAIN Initiative. The Human Connectome Project was a five-year study launched in 2009 to analyse the anatomical and functional connections of parts of the brain, and has provided much data.


Context: what type of researches are being carried on it?

Context: Research has been ongoing to study on How the Brain works.

Question: how does it process the language?

Answer: Language is processed through a wider network of the Cortical regions.

Explanation:
While language functions were traditionally thought to be localized to Wernicke's area and Broca's area, it is now mostly accepted that a wider network of cortical regions contributes to language functions.

The study on how language is represented, processed, and acquired by the brain is called neurolinguistics, which is a large multidisciplinary field drawing from cognitive neuroscience, cognitive linguistics, and psycholinguistics.

Human brain [SEP] Language


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: Language is processed through a wider network of the Cortical regions.

Question: how does it deal with emotions?

Answer: The amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, mid and anterior insula cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex, appeared to be involved in generating the emotions where as basal ganglia is responsible in happiness, the subcallosal cingulate cortex in sadness, and amygdala in fear.

Explanation: Emotions are generally defined as two-step multicomponent processes involving elicitation, followed by psychological feelings, appraisal, expression, autonomic responses, and action tendencies. Attempts to localize basic emotions to certain brain regions have been controversial; some research found no evidence for specific locations corresponding to emotions, but instead found circuitry involved in general emotional processes. The amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, mid and anterior insula cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex, appeared to be involved in generating the emotions, while weaker evidence was found for the ventral tegmental area, ventral pallidum and nucleus accumbens in incentive salience. Others, however, have found evidence of activation of specific regions, such as the basal ganglia in happiness, the subcallosal cingulate cortex in sadness, and amygdala in fear.

Human brain [SEP] Emotion


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: The amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, mid and anterior insula cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex, appeared to be involved in generating the emotions where as basal ganglia is responsible in happiness, the subcallosal cingulate cortex in sadness, and amygdala in fear.

Question: what relation does mind have with brain?

Answer: Finding the relationship between the two has been a challenge due to the difficulty in explaining how mental activities, such as thoughts and emotions, can be implemented by physical structures such as neurons and synapses, or by any other type of physical mechanism.

Human brain [SEP] The mind

The philosophy of the mind studies such issues as the problem of understanding consciousness and the mind–body problem. The relationship between the brain and the mind is a significant challenge both philosophically and scientifically. This is because of the difficulty in explaining how mental activities, such as thoughts and emotions, can be implemented by physical structures such as neurons and synapses, or by any other type of physical mechanism. This difficulty was expressed by Gottfried Leibniz in the analogy known as "Leibniz's Mill": Doubt about the possibility of a mechanistic explanation of thought drove René Descartes, and most other philosophers along with him, to dualism: the belief that the mind is to some degree independent of the brain.


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what relation does mind have with brain?

Context: Finding the relationship between the two has been a challenge due to the difficulty in explaining how mental activities, such as thoughts and emotions, can be implemented by physical structures such as neurons and synapses, or by any other type of physical mechanism.

Question: can you mention a few diseases related to it?

Answer: Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Meningitis to name a few.

Explanation:
Neurodegenerative diseases result in progressive damage to different parts of the brain's function, and worsen with age. Common examples include dementia such as Alzheimer's disease, alcoholic dementia or vascular dementia; Parkinson's disease; and other rarer infectious, genetic, or metabolic causes such as Huntington's disease, motor neuron diseases, HIV dementia, syphilis-related dementia and Wilson's disease. Neurodegenerative diseases can affect different parts of the brain, and can affect movement, memory, and cognition.

The brain, although protected by the blood–brain barrier, can be affected by infections including viruses, bacteria and fungi. Infection may be of the meninges (meningitis), the brain matter (encephalitis), or within the brain matter (such as a cerebral abscess). Rare prion diseases including Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and its variant, and kuru may also affect the brain.

Human brain [SEP] Disease


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: can you mention a few diseases related to it?

Context: Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Meningitis to name a few.

Question: what does third disease refer to?

Answer: It is an Acute inflammation of the Protective Membranes covering the Brain and Spinal cord.

Meningitis [SEP] Introduction

Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness. Other symptoms include confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and an inability to tolerate light or loud noises. Young children often exhibit only nonspecific symptoms, such as irritability, drowsiness, or poor feeding. If a rash is present, it may indicate a particular cause of meningitis; for instance, meningitis caused by meningococcal bacteria may be accompanied by a characteristic rash. The inflammation may be caused by infection with viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms, and less commonly by certain drugs.


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what does third disease refer to?

Context: It is an Acute inflammation of the Protective Membranes covering the Brain and Spinal cord.

Question: how is it caused?

Answer: Typically caused by an Infection with microorganisms, viruses and bacteria among others.

Meningitis [SEP] Causes

Meningitis is typically caused by an infection with microorganisms. Most infections are due to viruses, with bacteria, fungi, and protozoa being the next most common causes. It may also result from various non-infectious causes. The term "aseptic meningitis" refers to cases of meningitis in which no bacterial infection can be demonstrated. This type of meningitis is usually caused by viruses but it may be due to bacterial infection that has already been partially treated, when bacteria disappear from the meninges, or pathogens infect a space adjacent to the meninges (e.g. sinusitis). Endocarditis (an infection of the heart valves which spreads small clusters of bacteria through the bloodstream) may cause aseptic meningitis.


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what does third disease refer to?

Context: how is it caused?

Context: Typically caused by an Infection with microorganisms, viruses and bacteria among others.

Question: is there any vaccine for it?

Answer: Yes. There is a Vaccine called Meningococcus

Explanation: Meningococcus vaccines exist against groups A, B, C, W135 and Y. In countries where the vaccine for meningococcus group C was introduced, cases caused by this pathogen have decreased substantially. A quadrivalent vaccine now exists, which combines four vaccines with the exception of B; immunization with this ACW135Y vaccine is now a visa requirement for taking part in Hajj. Development of a vaccine against group B meningococci has proved much more difficult, as its surface proteins (which would normally be used to make a vaccine) only elicit a weak response from the immune system, or cross-react with normal human proteins.

Meningitis [SEP] Vaccination

Two new vaccines, both approved in 2014, are effective against a wider range of group B meningococci strains. In Africa, until recently, the approach for prevention and control of meningococcal epidemics was based on early detection of the disease and emergency reactive mass vaccination of the at-risk population with bivalent A/C or trivalent A/C/W135 polysaccharide vaccines, though the introduction of MenAfriVac (meningococcus group A vaccine) has demonstrated effectiveness in young people and has been described as a model for product development partnerships in resource-limited settings. Routine vaccination against "Streptococcus pneumoniae" with the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), which is active against seven common serotypes of this pathogen, significantly reduces the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis.


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what does third disease refer to?

Context: how is it caused?

Context: is there any vaccine for it?

Context: Yes. There is a Vaccine called Meningococcus

Question: who developed it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Meningitis [SEP] Vaccination

Since the 1980s, many countries have included immunization against "Haemophilus influenzae" type B in their routine childhood vaccination schemes. This has practically eliminated this pathogen as a cause of meningitis in young children in those countries. In the countries in which the disease burden is highest, however, the vaccine is still too expensive. Similarly, immunization against mumps has led to a sharp fall in the number of cases of mumps meningitis, which prior to vaccination occurred in 15% of all cases of mumps. Meningococcus vaccines exist against groups A, B, C, W135 and Y. In countries where the vaccine for meningococcus group C was introduced, cases caused by this pathogen have decreased substantially.


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what does third disease refer to?

Context: how is it caused?

Context: is there any vaccine for it?

Context: who developed it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how is it diagnosed?

Answer: A lumbar puncture to examine the cerebrospinal fluid and  blood tests are performed for markers of inflammation (e.g. C-reactive protein, complete blood count), as well as blood cultures.

Explanation:
Diagnosing meningitis as promptly as possible can improve outcomes. There is no specific sign or symptom that can diagnose meningitis and a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to examine the cerebrospinal fluid is recommended for diagnosis. Lumbar puncture is contraindicated if there is a mass in the brain (tumor or abscess) or the intracranial pressure (ICP) is elevated, as it may lead to brain herniation. If someone is at risk for either a mass or raised ICP (recent head injury, a known immune system problem, localizing neurological signs, or evidence on examination of a raised ICP), a CT or MRI scan is recommended prior to the lumbar puncture. This applies in 45% of all adult cases.

If someone is suspected of having meningitis, blood tests are performed for markers of inflammation (e.g. C-reactive protein, complete blood count), as well as blood cultures. If a CT or MRI is required before LP, or if LP proves difficult, professional guidelines suggest that antibiotics should be administere

Meningitis [SEP] Diagnosis


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what does third disease refer to?

Context: how is it caused?

Context: is there any vaccine for it?

Context: who developed it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: A lumbar puncture to examine the cerebrospinal fluid and  blood tests are performed for markers of inflammation (e.g. C-reactive protein, complete blood count), as well as blood cultures.

Question: can it be prevented?

Answer: Yes. Through Vaccination and with short term Antibiotics.

Explanation: For some causes of meningitis, protection can be provided in the long term through vaccination, or in the short term with antibiotics. Some behavioral measures may also be effective.

Meningitis [SEP] Prevention


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what does third disease refer to?

Context: how is it caused?

Context: is there any vaccine for it?

Context: who developed it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: can it be prevented?

Context: Yes. Through Vaccination and with short term Antibiotics.

Question: what medicines are prescribed for it?

Answer: The choice of treatment depends on the kind of bacteria. In UK, cefotaxime or ceftriaxone is used where as in US vancomycin is the initial treatment.

Meningitis [SEP] Antibiotics

Empiric antibiotics (treatment without exact diagnosis) should be started immediately, even before the results of the lumbar puncture and CSF analysis are known. The choice of initial treatment depends largely on the kind of bacteria that cause meningitis in a particular place and population. For instance, in the United Kingdom, empirical treatment consists of a third-generation cefalosporin such as cefotaxime or ceftriaxone. In the US, where resistance to cefalosporins is increasingly found in streptococci, addition of vancomycin to the initial treatment is recommended. Chloramphenicol, either alone or in combination with ampicillin, however, appears to work equally well. Empirical therapy may be chosen on the basis of the person's age, whether the infection was preceded by a head injury, whether the person has undergone recent neurosurgery and whether or not a cerebral shunt is present.


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what does third disease refer to?

Context: how is it caused?

Context: is there any vaccine for it?

Context: who developed it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: can it be prevented?

Context: what medicines are prescribed for it?

Context: The choice of treatment depends on the kind of bacteria. In UK, cefotaxime or ceftriaxone is used where as in US vancomycin is the initial treatment.

Question: does the medicine used in us have any side effects?

Answer: Common reactions to IV include Local pain and Thrombophlebitis, Damage to kidneys and Hearing loss are among a few

Explanation:
Common adverse drug reactions (≥1% of patients) associated with IV vancomycin include: local pain, which may be severe, and thrombophlebitis.

Damage to the kidneys and to the hearing were a side effect of the early impure versions of vancomycin, and these were prominent in the clinical trials conducted in the mid-1950s. Later trials using purer forms of vancomycin found nephrotoxicity is an infrequent adverse effect (0.1% to 1% of patients), but this is accentuated in the presence of aminoglycosides.

Vancomycin [SEP] Side effects

Serum vancomycin levels may be monitored in an effort to reduce side effects, although the value of such monitoring has been questioned. Peak and trough levels are usually monitored, and for research purposes, the area under the concentration curve is also sometimes used. Toxicity is best monitored by looking at trough values. Common adverse drug reactions (≥1% of patients) associated with IV vancomycin include: local pain, which may be severe, and thrombophlebitis. Damage to the kidneys and to the hearing were a side effect of the early impure versions of vancomycin, and these were prominent in the clinical trials conducted in the mid-1950s.


Context: how does it process the language?

Context: how does it deal with emotions?

Context: what does third disease refer to?

Context: how is it caused?

Context: is there any vaccine for it?

Context: who developed it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: can it be prevented?

Context: what medicines are prescribed for it?

Context: does the medicine used in us have any side effects?

Context: Common reactions to IV include Local pain and Thrombophlebitis, Damage to kidneys and Hearing loss are among a few

Question: how much does it cost?

Answer: The wholesale cost ranges from US$1.70 to 6.00. The cost for a course of treatment as of 2018 was US$300.

Explanation: Vancomycin is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost of an intravenous dose is about US$1.70 to 6.00. In the United States, the wholesale cost of the pills are about US$300 for a course of treatment as of 2018. The intravenous solution may be taken by mouth for" C. difficile" to reduce costs.

Vancomycin [SEP] Cost


Question: where does the disney movie frozen take place

Answer: In the fictional Kingdom Arendelle

Frozen (2013 film) [SEP] Plot

Princess Elsa of Arendelle possesses magical powers that allow her to control and create ice and snow, often using them to play with her younger sister, Anna. After Elsa accidentally injures Anna with her magic, their parents, the King and Queen, take both siblings to a colony of trolls led by Grand Pabbie. He heals Anna but alters her memories so that she forgets about Elsa's magic. Grand Pabbie warns Elsa that she must learn to control her powers and that fear will be her greatest enemy. The King and Queen isolate both sisters within the castle, closing the castle gates to their subjects.


Context: where does the disney movie frozen take place

Context: In the fictional Kingdom Arendelle

Question: who produced it?

Answer: Walt Disney Animation Studios

Frozen (2013 film) [SEP] Introduction

Frozen is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. The 53rd Disney animated feature film, it is inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's 1844 fairy tale "The Snow Queen". It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naive snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter. "Frozen" underwent several story treatments before being commissioned in 2011, with a screenplay written by Jennifer Lee, who also co-directed with Chris Buck.


Context: In the fictional Kingdom Arendelle

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Animation Studios

Question: what is it's storyline?

Answer: It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naive snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter.

Explanation: . It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naive snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter.

Frozen (2013 film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: In the fictional Kingdom Arendelle

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Animation Studios

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naive snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter.

Question: who is the protagonist here?

Answer: Princess Elsa and Anna

Frozen (2013 film) [SEP] Plot


Context: In the fictional Kingdom Arendelle

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Animation Studios

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who is the protagonist here?

Context: Princess Elsa and Anna

Question: who gave voice for the former?

Answer: Idina Menzel

Idina Menzel [SEP] Introduction

Additionally, Menzel is known for playing Shelby Corcoran on the musical dramedy TV series "Glee" from 2010 to 2013 and Nancy Tremaine in the 2007 Disney live-action/animated film "Enchanted". She also voiced Queen Elsa in Disney's 2013 animated film "Frozen", in which she sang the Oscar- and Grammy Award-winning song "Let It Go". The song reached number 5 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, making Menzel the first Tony Award-winning actress to reach the top 10. In 2019, Menzel reprised her voice role as Elsa in "Frozen II". Her album "Holiday Wishes" was released in 2014 and reached number 6 on the "Billboard" 200.


Context: In the fictional Kingdom Arendelle

Context: who produced it?

Context: Walt Disney Animation Studios

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who is the protagonist here?

Context: Princess Elsa and Anna

Context: who gave voice for the former?

Context: Idina Menzel

Question: where is she from?

Answer: Manhattan, New York City

Idina Menzel [SEP] Early life

Idina Kim Mentzel was born on May 30, 1971, in Manhattan, New York City. She grew up in New Jersey until about age 3, when her family moved to Syosset, New York, on Long Island. Her parents are Helene Goldberg, a therapist, and Stuart Mentzel, a pajama salesman. She has a younger sister named Cara. Menzel is of Jewish heritage, and her grandparents emigrated from Russia. Menzel attended J. Irving Baylis Elementary School in Plainview, New York, and then Syosset's H.B. Thompson Middle School and Syosset High School. When Menzel was 15 years old, her parents divorced, and she began working as a wedding and bar mitzvah singer, a job that she continued throughout her time at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, where she earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in drama in 1992.


Question: what episode of glee do they switch characters

Answer: "Props"

Props (Glee) [SEP] Introduction

"Props" is the twentieth episode of the third season of the American musical television series "Glee", and the sixty-fourth overall. Written and directed by Ian Brennan, the episode is the first of two new episodes that aired back-to-back on Fox in the United States on May 15, 2012. It features New Directions preparing a new performance routine for the impending Nationals competition, an extended sequence in which Tina (Jenna Ushkowitz) has a vision of the glee club having swapped roles, including herself as Rachel, and an appearance by special guest star Whoopi Goldberg as NYADA dean Carmen Tibideaux. The episode received mostly positive reviews overall, though reaction to the musical performances was not as strong.


Context: what episode of glee do they switch characters

Context: "Props"

Question: is it a musical film or series?

Answer: It is the twentieth episode of the third season of the American musical television series "Glee".

Explanation: "Props" is the twentieth episode of the third season of the American musical television series "Glee"

Props (Glee) [SEP] Introduction


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: It is the twentieth episode of the third season of the American musical television series "Glee".

Question: what is the plot in this above mentioned series?

Answer: It centers on the fictional William McKinley High School glee club, the New Directions, which competes on the show choir competition circuit while its disparate members deal with social issues, especially regarding sexuality, race, relationships, and teamwork.

Glee (TV series) [SEP] Introduction

Glee is an American musical comedy-drama television series that aired on the Fox network in the United States from May 19, 2009, to March 20, 2015. It centers on the fictional William McKinley High School glee club, the New Directions, which competes on the show choir competition circuit while its disparate members deal with social issues, especially regarding sexuality, race, relationships, and teamwork. The initial twelve-member cast included Matthew Morrison as club director and Spanish teacher Will Schuester, Jane Lynch as cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester, Jayma Mays as guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury, Jessalyn Gilsig as Will's wife Terri, and the 8 original club members, including: Dianna Agron as Quinn Fabray, Chris Colfer as Kurt Hummel, Kevin McHale as Artie Abrams, Lea Michele as Rachel Berry, Cory Monteith as Finn Hudson, Amber Riley as Mercedes Jones, Mark Salling as Noah Puckerman, and Jenna Ushkowitz as Tina Cohen-Chang.


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: what is the plot in this above mentioned series?

Context: It centers on the fictional William McKinley High School glee club, the New Directions, which competes on the show choir competition circuit while its disparate members deal with social issues, especially regarding sexuality, race, relationships, and teamwork.

Question: who is the writer?

Answer: Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan

Glee (TV series) [SEP] Introduction

The main cast was altered throughout the series. The series was created by Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan, the latter of whom first conceived of "" as a film. The three wrote all of the show's episodes for the first two seasons, and Murphy and Falchuk initially served as the show's main directors. The pilot episode was broadcast on May 19, 2009, and the first season aired from September 9, 2009, to June 8, 2010. Subsequent seasons aired in September through May. The sixth and final season aired from January to March 2015. "Glee" features on-screen performance-based musical numbers that were selected by Murphy, who aimed to maintain a balance between show tunes and chart hits, and produced by Adam Anders and Peer Åström.


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan

Question: who is the second mentioned person?

Answer: He is an American television writer, director, and producer.

Brad Falchuk [SEP] Introduction

Brad Falchuk (born March 1, 1971) is an American television writer, director, and producer, best known for co-creating with Ryan Murphy the comedy-drama television series "Glee", the drama series "Pose", the horror-drama anthology series "American Horror Story", and the horror comedy "Scream Queens". He was also a writer and executive producer for the television series "Nip/Tuck" and is married to actress Gwyneth Paltrow.


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: who is the second mentioned person?

Context: He is an American television writer, director, and producer.

Question: what are some of his other notable series/films that he produced?

Answer: "Pose", "American Horror Story", and "Scream Queens".

Explanation: the drama series "Pose", the horror-drama anthology series "American Horror Story", and the horror comedy "Scream Queens".

Brad Falchuk [SEP] Introduction


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: who is the second mentioned person?

Context: what are some of his other notable series/films that he produced?

Context: "Pose", "American Horror Story", and "Scream Queens".

Question: what are some of the featured music in the episode that is mentioned in the beginning?

Answer: Songs of many singers like Billy Joel's song, and original songs - "Loser like Me" and "Get It Right".

Explanation: Composer and musician Billy Joel offered many of his songs for use on the show, and other artists have offered use of their songs for free. A series of "Glee" soundtrack albums have been released through Columbia Records. Songs featured on the show are available for digital download through iTunes up to two weeks before new episodes air, and through other digital outlets and mobile carriers a week later. "Glee" music producers Adam Anders and Peer Astrom have begun to add original music to the show, including two original songs, "Loser like Me" and "Get It Right", on the March 15, 2011 episode.

Glee (TV series) [SEP] Music and choreography

J. Bloom, and music producers Adam Anders and Peer Astrom rearrange it for the "Glee" cast. Numbers are pre-recorded by the cast, while Woodlee constructs the accompanying dance moves, which are then taught to the cast and filmed. Studio recordings of tracks are then made. The process begins six to eight weeks before each episode is filmed, and can end as late as the day before filming begins. Each episode costs at least $3 million to produce, and can take up to ten days to film as a result of the elaborate choreography. In late 2010, Bloom reported the process has been even shorter; "as quick as a few weeks".


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: who is the second mentioned person?

Context: what are some of the featured music in the episode that is mentioned in the beginning?

Context: Songs of many singers like Billy Joel's song, and original songs - "Loser like Me" and "Get It Right".

Question: was the episode criticized?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

The series features numerous song covers sung onscreen by the characters. Ryan Murphy was responsible for selecting all of the songs used, and has said that he strove to maintain a balance between chart hits and show tunes: "I want there to be something for everybody in every episode. That's a tricky mix, but that's very important—the balancing of that." According to Murphy, the song choices are integral to script development, "Each episode has a theme at its core. After I write the script, I will choose songs that help to move the story along." In a 2010 interview with Allison Kugel, Chris Colfer noted that "there have been a couple of times when I have gone to Ryan Murphy ("Glee" creator) and told him a couple of things that have happened to me, and then he writes it into the show.


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: who is the second mentioned person?

Context: was the episode criticized?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who is the first person mentioned above in the previous answer?

Answer: He is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and composer.

Billy Joel [SEP] Introduction

William Martin Joel (born May 9, 1949) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and composer. Commonly nicknamed the "Piano Man" after his first major hit and signature song of the same name, he has led a commercially successful career as a solo artist since the 1970s, having released 12 studio albums from 1971 to 1993 as well as one studio album in 2001. He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, as well as the sixth best-selling recording artist and the third best-selling solo artist in the United States, with over 150 million records sold worldwide. His 1985 compilation album, "Greatest Hits Vol.


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: who is the second mentioned person?

Context: was the episode criticized?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the first person mentioned above in the previous answer?

Context: He is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and composer.

Question: how did he start his career?

Answer: He was a part of  two short-lived bands, The Hassles and Attila.

Billy Joel [SEP] Introduction

1 & 2", is one of the best-selling albums in the US. Joel was born in 1949 in The Bronx, New York, and grew up on Long Island, both places that influenced his music. Growing up, he took piano lessons at the insistence of his mother. After dropping out of high school to pursue a musical career, Joel took part in two short-lived bands, The Hassles and Attila, before signing a record deal with Family Productions and kicking off a solo career in 1971 with his first release, "Cold Spring Harbor". In 1972, Joel caught the attention of Columbia Records after a live radio performance of the song "Captain Jack" became popular in Philadelphia, prompting him to sign a new record deal with the company and release his second album, "Piano Man", in 1973.


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: who is the second mentioned person?

Context: was the episode criticized?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: He was a part of  two short-lived bands, The Hassles and Attila.

Question: what instrument did he play?

Answer: Piano

Billy Joel [SEP] 1965–1970: Early career

Influenced by early rock and roll and rhythm and blues artists, including groups such as The Beatles, The Everly Brothers and Elvis Presley, Joel favored tightly structured pop melodies and down-to-earth songwriting. After seeing The Beatles on "The Ed Sullivan Show", Joel decided to pursue a career in music. In an interview he said of the group's effect on him: At age 16, Joel joined the Echoes, a group that specialized in British Invasion covers. The Echoes began recording in 1965. Joel played piano on several records released through Kama Sutra Productions and on recordings produced by Shadow Morton. Joel played on a demo version of "Leader of the Pack", which became a major hit for the Shangri-Las.


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: who is the second mentioned person?

Context: was the episode criticized?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: what instrument did he play?

Context: Piano

Question: was he nicknamed after it?

Answer: No, he was nicknamed the "Piano Man" after his first major hit and signature song of the same name.

Explanation: Commonly nicknamed the "Piano Man" after his first major hit and signature song of the same name,

Billy Joel [SEP] Introduction


Context: "Props"

Context: is it a musical film or series?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: who is the second mentioned person?

Context: was the episode criticized?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: what instrument did he play?

Context: Piano

Context: was he nicknamed after it?

Context: No, he was nicknamed the "Piano Man" after his first major hit and signature song of the same name.

Question: when was the episode that is mentioned at the start first broadcasted?

Answer: May 15, 2012

Explanation: Written and directed by Ian Brennan, the episode is the first of two new episodes that aired back-to-back on Fox in the United States on May 15, 2012.

Props (Glee) [SEP] Introduction


Question: who is bud fox and what is his occupation

Answer: a young stockbroker

Wall Street (1987 film) [SEP] Introduction

Wall Street is a 1987 American drama film, directed and co-written by Oliver Stone, which stars Michael Douglas, Charlie Sheen, Daryl Hannah and Martin Sheen. The film tells the story of Bud Fox (Sheen), a young stockbroker who becomes involved with Gordon Gekko (Douglas), a wealthy, unscrupulous corporate raider. Stone made the film as a tribute to his father, Lou Stone, a stockbroker during the Great Depression. The character of Gekko is said to be a composite of several people, including Dennis Levine, Ivan Boesky, Carl Icahn, Asher Edelman, Michael Milken, and Stone himself. The character of Sir Lawrence Wildman, meanwhile, was modelled on the prominent British financier and corporate raider Sir James Goldsmith.


Context: who is bud fox and what is his occupation

Context: a young stockbroker

Question: who is the director of the film wall street?

Answer: Oliver Stone

Explanation: Wall Street is a 1987 American drama film, directed and co-written by Oliver Stone, which stars Michael Douglas, Charlie Sheen, Daryl Hannah and Martin Sheen


Context: a young stockbroker

Context: who is the director of the film wall street?

Context: Oliver Stone

Question: what is the film about?

Answer: The film tells the story of Bud Fox (Sheen), a young stockbroker who becomes involved with Gordon Gekko (Douglas), a wealthy, unscrupulous corporate raider.


Context: a young stockbroker

Context: Oliver Stone

Context: what is the film about?

Context: The film tells the story of Bud Fox (Sheen), a young stockbroker who becomes involved with Gordon Gekko (Douglas), a wealthy, unscrupulous corporate raider.

Question: who composed the music of this film?

Answer: Stewart Copeland

Wall Street (1987 film) [SEP] Soundtrack

The original score composed by Stewart Copeland was released on LP record in 1988, with the first five tracks from Copeland's score from the film "Talk Radio", followed by a CD version in 1993. Side 1 Side 2


Context: a young stockbroker

Context: Oliver Stone

Context: what is the film about?

Context: who composed the music of this film?

Context: Stewart Copeland

Question: can you mention the record in which the soundtracks released?

Answer: LP record


Context: a young stockbroker

Context: Oliver Stone

Context: what is the film about?

Context: who composed the music of this film?

Context: Stewart Copeland

Context: can you mention the record in which the soundtracks released?

Context: LP record

Question: did this film win any awards?

Answer: Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor

Originally, the studio wanted Warren Beatty to play Gekko, but he was not interested; Stone, meanwhile, wanted Richard Gere, but Gere passed on the role. The film was well received among major film critics. Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor, and the film has come to be seen as the archetypal portrayal of 1980s success, with Douglas' character declaring that "greed, for lack of a better word, is good." It has also proven influential in inspiring people to work on Wall Street, with Sheen, Douglas, and Stone commenting over the years how people still approach them and say that they became stockbrokers because of their respective characters in the film.


Context: a young stockbroker

Context: Oliver Stone

Context: what is the film about?

Context: who composed the music of this film?

Context: Stewart Copeland

Context: LP record

Context: did this film win any awards?

Context: Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor

Question: can you tell me  any other films in which the above mentioned composer worked for?

Answer: "Airborne", "Talk Radio",Raining Stones", "Surviving the Game", "See No Evil", etc.

Stewart Copeland [SEP] Solo projects and movie soundtracks (1987–1998)

After The Police disbanded, Copeland established a career composing soundtracks for movies ("Airborne", "Talk Radio", "Wall Street", "Riff Raff", "Raining Stones", "Surviving the Game", "See No Evil, Hear No Evil", "", "The Leopard Son", "She's Having a Baby", "The First Power", "Fresh", "Taking Care of Business", "West Beirut", "I am David", "Riding the Bus with My Sister", "Good Burger"), television ("The Equalizer", "Dead Like Me", "", the pilot for "" (1993), Nickelodeon's "The Amanda Show", "The Life and Times of Juniper Lee"), operas ("Holy Blood and Crescent Moon", commissioned by Cleveland Opera) and ballets ("Prey' Ballet Oklahoma", "Casque of Amontillado", "Noah's Ark"/"Solcheeka", commissioned by the Seattle Symphony Orchestra, "King Lear", commissioned by the San Francisco Ballet Company, "Emilio").


Context: a young stockbroker

Context: Oliver Stone

Context: what is the film about?

Context: who composed the music of this film?

Context: Stewart Copeland

Context: LP record

Context: did this film win any awards?

Context: can you tell me  any other films in which the above mentioned composer worked for?

Context: "Airborne", "Talk Radio",Raining Stones", "Surviving the Game", "See No Evil", etc.

Question: was he also a musician?

Answer: Yes

Stewart Copeland [SEP] Introduction

Stewart Armstrong Copeland (born July 16, 1952) is an American musician and composer. He was the drummer of the British rock band the Police, has produced film and video game soundtracks and written various pieces of music for ballet, opera and orchestra and is considered the 10th Best Drummer of all time by "Rolling Stone". According to MusicRadar, Copeland's "distinctive drum sound and uniqueness of style has made him one of the most popular drummers to ever get behind a drumset." He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of The Police in 2003, the "Modern Drummer" Hall of Fame in 2005, and the "Classic Drummer" Hall of Fame in 2013.


Question: who were among the famous graduates of eton mentioned in gray's elegy

Answer: George Orwell, Karl Marx

Explanation: Thomas Gray,

Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard [SEP] Introduction

Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem by Thomas Gray, completed in 1750 and first published in 1751. The poem's origins are unknown, but it was partly inspired by Gray's thoughts following the death of the poet Richard West in 1742. Originally titled "Stanzas Wrote in a Country Church-Yard", the poem was completed when Gray was living near St Giles' parish church at Stoke Poges. It was sent to his friend Horace Walpole, who popularised the poem among London literary circles. Gray was eventually forced to publish the work on 15 February 1751 in order to preempt a magazine publisher from printing an unlicensed copy of the poem.


Context: who were among the famous graduates of eton mentioned in gray's elegy

Context: George Orwell, Karl Marx

Question: what is this ?

Answer: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem

Explanation: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem


Context: George Orwell, Karl Marx

Context: what is this ?

Context: Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem

Question: who wrote it ?

Answer: Thomas Gray

Explanation: Thomas Gray