Context:
where was 1991 perfect storm developed?
The coast of Atlantic Canada
how fast was it?
75 miles per hour

Question: how did they prepare for the storm?

Answer: National Weather Service likewise issued warnings,  providing information to emergency service offices as well as the media. The timely warnings ultimately lowered the death toll

Explanation: The National Weather Service likewise issued warnings for the potential storm, providing information to emergency service offices as well as the media. The public however was skeptical and did not recognize the threat. The timely warnings ultimately lowered the death toll; whereas the Perfect Storm caused 13 deaths, the blizzard of 1978 killed 99 people, and the 1938 New England hurricane killed 564 people.

1991 Perfect Storm [SEP] Preparations and naming

The Hatteras NWS office ultimately released 19 coastal flood statements, as well as media reports explaining the threat from the wind and waves, and a state of emergency was declared for Dare County, North Carolina. The warnings and lead times in the region were described as "very good". In Canada, the threat from the storm prompted the cancellation of ferry service from Bar Harbor, Maine, to Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, as well as from Nova Scotia to Prince Edward Island and between Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: National Weather Service likewise issued warnings,  providing information to emergency service offices as well as the media. The timely warnings ultimately lowered the death toll

Question: was it given any other name?

Answer: National Hurricane Center left it unnamed to avoid confusion amid media interest in the precursor extratropical storm. It later received the name "the Perfect Storm"

Explanation: although the National Hurricane Center left it unnamed to avoid confusion amid media interest in the precursor extratropical storm. It later received the name "the Perfect Storm" (playing off the common expression) after a conversation between Boston National Weather Service forecaster Robert Case and author Sebastian Junger. The system was the twelfth and final tropical cyclone, the eighth tropical storm, and fourth hurricane in the 1991 Atlantic hurricane season. The tropical system weakened, striking Nova Scotia as a tropical storm before dissipating.

1991 Perfect Storm [SEP] Introduction

In portions of New England, the damage was worse than that caused by Hurricane Bob two months earlier. Aside from tidal flooding along rivers, the storm's effects were primarily concentrated along the coast. A buoy off the coast of Nova Scotia reported a wave height of , the highest ever recorded in the province's offshore waters. In the middle of the storm, the fishing vessel "Andrea Gail" sank, killing her crew of six and inspiring the book, and later movie, "The Perfect Storm". Off the shore of New York's Long Island, an Air National Guard helicopter ran out of fuel and crashed; four members of its crew were rescued and one was killed.


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: National Hurricane Center left it unnamed to avoid confusion amid media interest in the precursor extratropical storm. It later received the name "the Perfect Storm"

Question: which region was mostly affected?

Answer: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

1991 Perfect Storm [SEP] Impact

The Halloween Storm of 1991 left significant damage along the east coast of the United States, primarily in Massachusetts and southern New Jersey. Across seven states, damage totaled over $200 million (1991 USD). Over a three-day period, the storm lashed the northeastern United States with high waves, causing damage to beachfront properties from North Carolina to Maine. The coastal flooding damaged or destroyed hundreds of homes and businesses and closed roads and airports. In addition, high winds left about 38,000 people without power. The total without power was much less than for Hurricane Bob two months prior, and was fairly low due to little rainfall and the general lack of leaves on trees.


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Question: how did the former get its name?

Answer: It was  likely to be derived from a Wôpanâak word "muswachasut"

Massachusetts [SEP] Etymology

The Massachusetts Bay Colony was named after the indigenous population, the Massachusett, whose name likely derived from a Wôpanâak word "muswachasut", segmented as "mus(ây)" "big" + "wach8" "mountain" + "-s" "diminutive" + -"ut" "locative" (the '8' in these words refers to the 'oo' sound according to the Wôpanâak orthographic chart). It has been translated as "near the great hill", "by the blue hills", "at the little big hill", or "at the range of hills", referring to the Blue Hills, or in particular the Great Blue Hill, which is located on the boundary of Milton and Canton. Alternatively, "Massachusett" has been represented as "Moswetuset"—from the name of the Moswetuset Hummock (meaning "hill shaped like an arrowhead") in Quincy, where Plymouth Colony commander Myles Standish (a hired English military officer) and Squanto (a member of the now disappeared Patuxet band of the Wampanoag peoples) met Chief Chickatawbut in 1621.


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: It was  likely to be derived from a Wôpanâak word "muswachasut"

Question: which language is spoken there?

Answer: American English with various dialect, Spanish,  Portuguese

Explanation:
The most common varieties of American English spoken in Massachusetts, other than General American, are the "cot-caught" distinct, rhotic, western Massachusetts dialect and the "cot-caught" merged, non-rhotic, eastern Massachusetts dialect (popularly known as a "Boston accent").

As of 2010, 78.93% (4,823,127) of Massachusetts residents5 and older spoke English at home as a first language, while 7.50% (458,256) spoke Spanish, 2.97% (181,437) Portuguese, 1.59% (96,690) Chinese (which includes Cantonese and Mandarin), 1.11% (67,788) French, 0.89% (54,456) French Creole, 0.72% (43,798) Italian, 0.62% (37,865) Russian, and Vietnamese was spoken as a primary language by 0.58% (35,283) of the population over5. In total, 21.07% (1,287,419) of Massachusetts's population5 and older spoke a first language other than English.

Massachusetts [SEP] Languages


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: American English with various dialect, Spanish,  Portuguese

Question: do they have any ferry services?

Answer: Yes, Ferry services are operated throughout different regions of the states

Massachusetts [SEP] Ferry

Ferry services are operated throughout different regions of the states. Most ports north of Cape Cod are served by Boston Harbor Cruises, which operates ferry services in and around Greater Boston under contract with the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Several routes connect the downtown area with Hingham, Hull, Winthrop, Salem, Logan Airport, Charlestown, and some of the islands located within the harbor. The same company also operates seasonal service between Boston and Provincetown. On the southern shore of the state, several different passenger ferry lines connect Martha's Vineyard to ports along the mainland, including Woods Hole, Hyannis, New Bedford, and Falmouth, all in Massachusetts, as well as North Kingstown in Rhode Island, Highlands in New Jersey, and New York City in New York.


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: do they have any ferry services?

Context: Yes, Ferry services are operated throughout different regions of the states

Question: can you name some ports these services connect?

Answer: The passenger ferry lines connect Martha's Vineyard to ports Woods Hole, Hyannis, New Bedford, and Falmouth

Explanation: On the southern shore of the state, several different passenger ferry lines connect Martha's Vineyard to ports along the mainland, including Woods Hole, Hyannis, New Bedford, and Falmouth, all in Massachusetts

Massachusetts [SEP] Ferry


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: do they have any ferry services?

Context: can you name some ports these services connect?

Context: The passenger ferry lines connect Martha's Vineyard to ports Woods Hole, Hyannis, New Bedford, and Falmouth

Question: what other transportation means are available?

Answer: The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), operates public transportation in the form of subway, bus, ferry systems and heritage railways

Explanation:
The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), also known as "The T", operates public transportation in the form of subway, bus, and ferry systems in the Metro Boston area.

Fifteen other regional transit authorities provide public transportation in the form of bus services in the rest of the state. Four heritage railways are also in operation:

Massachusetts [SEP] Regional public transportation


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: do they have any ferry services?

Context: what other transportation means are available?

Context: The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), operates public transportation in the form of subway, bus, ferry systems and heritage railways

Question: when was the authority formed?

Answer: 1947

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority [SEP] Introduction

The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (abbreviated MBTA and known colloquially as "the T") is the public agency responsible for operating most public transportation services in Greater Boston, Massachusetts. Earlier modes of public transportation in Boston were independently owned and operated; many were first folded into a single agency with the formation of the Metropolitan Transit Authority (MTA) in 1947. The MTA was replaced in 1964 with the present-day MBTA, which was established as an individual department within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts before becoming a division of the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) in 2009. The MBTA and Philadelphia's Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) are the only US transit agencies that operate all five major types of terrestrial mass transit vehicles: light rail vehicles (the Ashmont–Mattapan High-Speed and Green Lines); heavy rail trains (the Blue, Orange, and Red Lines); regional rail trains (the Commuter Rail); electric trolleybuses (the Silver Line and several routes in the northern suburbs of Boston); and motor buses (MBTA bus).


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: do they have any ferry services?

Context: when was the authority formed?

Question: how did it get affected during covid-19 pandemic?

Answer: Businesses closed and people were advised to avoid riding public transit . At the lowest point, MBTA ridership dropped about 78% on buses, 92% on the subway, on 71% paratransit, and 97% on commuter rail.

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority [SEP] COVID-19 pandemic

In February 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic began to impact Massachusetts. When the stay-at-home order was issued the following month, businesses closed or sent staff to work from home, and people were advised to avoid riding public transit unless necessary. At the lowest point, MBTA ridership dropped about 78% on buses, 92% on the subway, on 71% paratransit, and 97% on commuter rail. Bus and subway ran on a modified Saturday schedule; commuter rail was on a reduced schedule and ferries were shut down completely. To facilitate social distancing from drivers, buses started running fare-free with rear-door-only boarding, passengers were required to wear face masks (except small children and people with relevant medical conditions), and the agency began frequently sanitizing vehicles and stations.


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: do they have any ferry services?

Context: when was the authority formed?

Context: how did it get affected during covid-19 pandemic?

Context: Businesses closed and people were advised to avoid riding public transit . At the lowest point, MBTA ridership dropped about 78% on buses, 92% on the subway, on 71% paratransit, and 97% on commuter rail.

Question: name a few buses they have?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: do they have any ferry services?

Context: when was the authority formed?

Context: name a few buses they have?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: is there any famous educational institution?

Answer: Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston College

Massachusetts [SEP] Education

Massachusetts is home to 121 institutions of higher education. Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, both located in Cambridge, consistently rank among the world's best private universities and universities in general. In addition to Harvard and MIT, several other Massachusetts universities currently rank in the top 50 at the undergraduate level nationally in the widely cited rankings of "U.S. News and World Report": Tufts University (#27), Boston College (#32), Brandeis University (#34), Boston University (#37) and Northeastern University (#40). Massachusetts is also home to three of the top five "U.S. News and World Report"s best Liberal Arts Colleges: Williams College (#1), Amherst College (#2), and Wellesley College (#4).


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: do they have any ferry services?

Context: when was the authority formed?

Context: name a few buses they have?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there any famous educational institution?

Context: Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston College

Question: does it have any museum in it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Harvard University [SEP] Libraries and museums

The Harvard Library system is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding about 20.4 million items. According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the world. Houghton Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America, and the Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials. America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases both old and new is stored in Pusey Library and open to the public. The largest collection of East-Asian language material outside of East Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library.


Context: where was 1991 perfect storm developed?

Context: The coast of Atlantic Canada

Context: how fast was it?

Context: 75 miles per hour

Context: how did they prepare for the storm?

Context: was it given any other name?

Context: which region was mostly affected?

Context: Massachusetts and southern New Jersey

Context: how did the former get its name?

Context: which language is spoken there?

Context: do they have any ferry services?

Context: when was the authority formed?

Context: name a few buses they have?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have any museum in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does the first one have any museum in it?

Answer: Yes, three museums: The Arthur M. Sackler Museum, the Busch–Reisinger Museum, the Harvard Museum of Natural History

The Harvard Art Museums comprise three museums. The Arthur M. Sackler Museum covers Asian, Mediterranean, and Islamic art, the Busch–Reisinger Museum (formerly the Germanic Museum) covers central and northern European art, and the Fogg Museum covers Western art from the Middle Ages to the present emphasizing Italian early Renaissance, British pre-Raphaelite, and 19th-century French art. The Harvard Museum of Natural History includes the Harvard Mineralogical Museum, the Harvard University Herbaria featuring the Blaschka Glass Flowers exhibit, and the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Other museums include the Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts, designed by Le Corbusier and housing the film archive, the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, specializing in the cultural history and civilizations of the Western Hemisphere, and the Harvard Museum of the Ancient Near East featuring artifacts from excavations in the Middle East.


Question: what happened to charlie from the chocolate factory

Answer: After finding a Golden Ticket in a chocolate bar, he visits Willy Wonka's chocolate factory along with four other children from around the world.

Explanation: The film tells the story of a poor child named Charlie Bucket who, after finding a Golden Ticket in a chocolate bar, visits Willy Wonka's chocolate factory along with four other children from around the world.

Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory [SEP] Introduction

These changes and other decisions made by the director led Dahl to disown the film. The musical numbers were written by Leslie Bricusse and Anthony Newley while Walter Scharf arranged and conducted the orchestral score. The film was released by Paramount Pictures on June 30, 1971. With a budget of just $3 million, the film received generally positive reviews and earned $4 million by the end of its original run. The film gained a cult following and became highly popular in part through repeated television airings and home entertainment sales. In 1972, the film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score, and Wilder was nominated for a Golden Globe as Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy, but both nominations lost to "Fiddler on the Roof".


Context: what happened to charlie from the chocolate factory

Context: After finding a Golden Ticket in a chocolate bar, he visits Willy Wonka's chocolate factory along with four other children from around the world.

Question: who is peter ostrum?

Answer: An American veterinarian and former child actor.

Peter Ostrum [SEP] Introduction

Peter Gardner Ostrum (; born November 1, 1957) is an American veterinarian and former child actor whose only film role was as Charlie Bucket in the 1971 motion picture "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory". Ostrum was 12 years old when selected by talent agents for "Willy Wonka". Though he enjoyed the experience of shooting the film, he opted not to sign a three-film contract when it was over. After eschewing a career in film and theatre, Ostrum became reluctant to speak about his one starring role. In 1990, he began an annual tradition of speaking to schoolchildren about the film, and he became a subject of interest again when the 2005 film "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" was released to theaters.


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: An American veterinarian and former child actor.

Question: did he play any role in chocolate factory movie?

Answer: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Peter Ostrum [SEP] Introduction

Ostrum became interested in horses when he returned from shooting "Willy Wonka", and was particularly influenced by the veterinarian that tended to them. Receiving his Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine from Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine in 1984, Ostrum practiced and lived in Lowville, New York with his wife Loretta (), and two children: son, Leif, and daughter, Helenka.


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: did he play any role in chocolate factory movie?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Question: can you name the movie?

Answer: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Peter Ostrum [SEP] Introduction


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Context: can you name the movie?

Context: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Question: who directed it?

Answer: Mel Stuart

Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory is a 1971 American musical fantasy film directed by Mel Stuart and starring Gene Wilder as Willy Wonka. It is an adaptation of the 1964 novel "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" by Roald Dahl. The film tells the story of a poor child named Charlie Bucket who, after finding a Golden Ticket in a chocolate bar, visits Willy Wonka's chocolate factory along with four other children from around the world. Filming took place in Munich from August to November 1970. Dahl was credited with writing the film's screenplay; however, David Seltzer, who went uncredited in the film, was brought in to re-work the screenplay against Dahl's wishes, making major changes to the ending and adding musical numbers.


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Context: can you name the movie?

Context: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Context: who directed it?

Context: Mel Stuart

Question: where was it filmed?

Answer: Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.

Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory [SEP] Filming

Principal photography commenced on August 31, 1970, and ended on November 19, 1970. The primary shooting location was Munich, Bavaria, West Germany, because it was significantly cheaper than filming in the United States and the setting was conducive to Wonka's factory; Stuart also liked the ambiguity and unfamiliarity of the location. External shots of the factory were filmed at the gasworks of Stadtwerke München (Emmy-Noether-Straße 10); the entrance and side buildings still exist. The exterior of Charlie Bucket's house, a set constructed solely for the film, was filmed at Quellenstraße in Munich. Charlie's school was filmed at Katholisches Pfarramt St.


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Context: can you name the movie?

Context: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Context: who directed it?

Context: Mel Stuart

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.

Question: how is the education system in the region mentioned?

Answer: The government presided over an increase in the number of teachers, generous public stipends were introduced for students to cover their living costs.

West Germany [SEP] Education

In education, the Brandt Administration sought to widen educational opportunities for all West Germans. The government presided over an increase in the number of teachers, generous public stipends were introduced for students to cover their living costs, and West German universities were converted from elite schools into mass institutions. The school leaving age was raised to 16, and spending on research and education was increased by nearly 300% between 1970 and 1974. Working through a planning committee set up for the "joint task" of university development, the Federal Government started to make investment costs in 1971. Fees for higher or further education were abolished, while a considerable increase in the number of higher education institutions took place.


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Context: can you name the movie?

Context: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Context: who directed it?

Context: Mel Stuart

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.

Context: how is the education system in the region mentioned?

Context: The government presided over an increase in the number of teachers, generous public stipends were introduced for students to cover their living costs.

Question: how do they enhance their economy?

Answer: Under the Brandt Administration, thjey attained a lower rate of inflation than in other industrialised countries at that time, while a rise in the standard of living took place, helped by the floating and revaluation of the mark.

West Germany [SEP] Economy

Under the Brandt Administration, West Germany attained a lower rate of inflation than in other industrialised countries at that time, while a rise in the standard of living took place, helped by the floating and revaluation of the mark. This was characterised by the real incomes of employees increasing more sharply than incomes from entrepreneurial work, with the proportion of employees' incomes in the overall national income rising from 65% to 70% between 1969 and 1973, while the proportion of income from entrepreneurial work and property fell over that same period from just under 35% to 30%. In addition, the percentage of West Germans living in poverty (based on various definitions) fell between 1969 and 1973.


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Context: can you name the movie?

Context: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Context: who directed it?

Context: Mel Stuart

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.

Context: how do they enhance their economy?

Context: Under the Brandt Administration, thjey attained a lower rate of inflation than in other industrialised countries at that time, while a rise in the standard of living took place, helped by the floating and revaluation of the mark.

Question: was there any miracle occurred economically?

Answer: It began in 1950. This improvement was sustained by the currency reform of 1948 which replaced the with the and halted rampant inflation.

West Germany [SEP] Economic miracle

The West German ("economic miracle", coined by "The Times") began in 1950. This improvement was sustained by the currency reform of 1948 which replaced the with the and halted rampant inflation. The Allied dismantling of the West German coal and steel industry finally ended in 1950. As demand for consumer goods increased after World War II, the resulting shortage helped overcome lingering resistance to the purchase of German products. At the time Germany had a large pool of skilled and cheap labour, partly as a result of the flight and expulsion of Germans from Central and Eastern Europe, which affected up to 16.5 million Germans.


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Context: can you name the movie?

Context: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Context: who directed it?

Context: Mel Stuart

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.

Context: how do they enhance their economy?

Context: was there any miracle occurred economically?

Context: It began in 1950. This improvement was sustained by the currency reform of 1948 which replaced the with the and halted rampant inflation.

Question: what sort of sports are supported there?

Answer: Association football

West Germany [SEP] Sport

In the 20th century, association football became the largest sport in Germany. The Germany national football team, established in 1900, continued its tradition based in the Federal Republic of Germany, winning the 1954 FIFA World Cup in a stunning upset dubbed the miracle of Bern. Earlier, the German team was not considered part of the international top. The 1974 FIFA World Cup was held in West German cities and West Berlin. After having been beaten by their East German counterparts in the first round, the team of the German Football Association won the cup again, defeating the Netherlands 2–1 in the final.


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Context: can you name the movie?

Context: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Context: who directed it?

Context: Mel Stuart

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.

Context: how do they enhance their economy?

Context: what sort of sports are supported there?

Context: Association football

Question: has the country won any tournament in connection with the sport mentioned?

Answer: Yes, 1954 FIFA World Cup.

Explanation: In the 20th century, association football became the largest sport in Germany. The Germany national football team, established in 1900, continued its tradition based in the Federal Republic of Germany, winning the 1954 FIFA World Cup in a stunning upset dubbed the miracle of Bern.

West Germany [SEP] Sport


Context: who is peter ostrum?

Context: Yes, as Charlie Bucket.

Context: can you name the movie?

Context: "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory".

Context: who directed it?

Context: Mel Stuart

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.

Context: how do they enhance their economy?

Context: Association football

Context: has the country won any tournament in connection with the sport mentioned?

Context: Yes, 1954 FIFA World Cup.

Question: where was it held?

Answer: Switzerland

1954 FIFA World Cup [SEP] Introduction

The 1954 FIFA World Cup was the fifth FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football tournament for men's national teams of the nations affiliated to FIFA. It was held in Switzerland from 16 June to 4 July. Switzerland was selected as the host country in July 1946. At the tournament several all-time records for goal-scoring were set, including the highest average number of goals scored per game. The tournament was won by West Germany, who defeated Hungary 3–2 in the final, giving them their first title.


Question: what do the colors of portugal's flag mean

Answer: The green represented the hope of the Portuguese people, while the red represented the blood of those who died serving the nation.

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Colours

The explanation for the green and red colours that make up the background field arose during the Estado Novo period, the nationalist authoritarian regime that held power from 1933 to 1974. It claims that the green represented the hope of the Portuguese people, while the red represented the blood of those who died serving the nation. Despite the fact that these colours never constituted a major part of the national flag until 1910, they were present in several historical banners during important periods. King John I included a green Aviz cross on the red bordure of his banner. The red cross of the Order of Christ was used over a white field as a naval pennon during the Discoveries and frequently on ship sails.


Context: what do the colors of portugal's flag mean

Context: The green represented the hope of the Portuguese people, while the red represented the blood of those who died serving the nation.

Question: what is it inspired by?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Colours


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was it adopted?

Answer: 30 June 1911

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Introduction

The flag of Portugal () is a rectangular bicolour with a field divided into green on the hoist, and red on the fly. The lesser version of the national coat of arms (i.e. armillary sphere and Portuguese shield) is centered over the colour boundary at equal distance from the upper and lower edges. On 30 June 1911, less than a year after the downfall of the constitutional monarchy, this design was officially adopted for the new national flag of the First Portuguese Republic, after selection by a special commission whose members included Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro, João Chagas and Abel Botelho.


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Question: who was it first adopted for?

Answer: First Portuguese Republic

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Question: how may presidents did it have?

Answer: They had 8 Presidents

Explanation: The First Portuguese Republic was an unstable period in the History of Portugal. In a period of 16 years (1910–1926) Portugal had 8 Presidents of the Republic, 1 Provisional Government, 38 Prime Ministers and 1 Constitutional "Junta":

First Portuguese Republic [SEP] Heads of state and government


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Context: how may presidents did it have?

Context: They had 8 Presidents

Question: what flag is used by the navy?

Answer: Naval jack

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Naval jack

The Portuguese naval jack ("jaco" or "jaque") is only hoisted at the prow of docked or anchored Navy ships, from sunrise to sunset. The national flag is permanently hoisted at the stern, when sailing, and from sunrise to sunset, when docked. It is a square flag (ratio 1:1) bearing a green-bordered red field with the minor coat of arms on the centre. The width of the green border and the diameter of the armillary sphere are equal to and of the side's dimension, respectively.


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Context: how may presidents did it have?

Context: They had 8 Presidents

Context: what flag is used by the navy?

Context: Naval jack

Question: what does it symbolise?

Answer: The field colours, and the armillary sphere and national shield, which make up the coat of arms.

Explanation: The Portuguese flag displays three important symbols: the field colours, and the armillary sphere and national shield, which make up the coat of arms.

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Symbolism


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Context: how may presidents did it have?

Context: They had 8 Presidents

Context: what flag is used by the navy?

Context: Naval jack

Context: what does it symbolise?

Context: The field colours, and the armillary sphere and national shield, which make up the coat of arms.

Question: what are the different flags of government?

Answer: President of the Republic, Palace of Belém,  Assembly of the Republic

Explanation: Highly ranked state and governmental offices are also represented by their own flag. The President of the Republic () uses a flag largely similar to the national flag, except for having dark green as the only background colour. It is usually hoisted at the President's official residence, the Palace of Belém, as well as on the presidential car, as small-sized flags. The flag of the Prime-Minister is a white rectangle (ratio 2:3) with a dark green saltire, holding the lesser coat of arms on its centre, and a red bordure charged with a pattern of yellow laurel leaves. Other ministerial flags do not possess the red bordure. The flag of the Assembly of the Republic (), the national parliament, is also a white rectangle (ratio 2:3) with the lesser coat of arms in the centre and a dark green bordure.

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Government flags


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Context: how may presidents did it have?

Context: They had 8 Presidents

Context: what flag is used by the navy?

Context: Naval jack

Context: what does it symbolise?

Context: what are the different flags of government?

Context: President of the Republic, Palace of Belém,  Assembly of the Republic

Question: what is the accurate size ratio of the flag?

Answer: The flag's length is equal to times its width, which translates into an aspect ratio of 2:3.

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Construction

The flag's length is equal to times its width, which translates into an aspect ratio of 2:3. The background is vertically divided into two colours: dark green on the hoist side, and scarlet red on the fly. The colour division is made in a way that green spans of the length and the remaining are filled by red (ratio 2:3). The lesser version of the national coat of arms (without the laurel wreaths)—a white-rimmed national shield on top of a black-highlighted yellow armillary sphere—is positioned over the border between both colours. The armillary sphere has a diameter equal to height and is equidistant from the upper and lower edges of the flag.


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Context: how may presidents did it have?

Context: They had 8 Presidents

Context: what flag is used by the navy?

Context: Naval jack

Context: what does it symbolise?

Context: what is the accurate size ratio of the flag?

Context: The flag's length is equal to times its width, which translates into an aspect ratio of 2:3.

Question: how is it folded?

Answer: During formal occasions, four people are required to properly fold the flag, where each person holds one of the sides. A correctly folded flag must be a square limiting the national shield. However, the order by which the different folding steps are performed to achieve this result is not legislated.

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Folding

During formal occasions, four people are required to properly fold the flag, where each person holds one of the sides. A correctly folded flag must be a square limiting the national shield. However, the order by which the different folding steps are performed to achieve this result is not legislated. The procedure begins with the flag fully extended and held in a horizontal plane with the obverse facing down. One of the possible folding sequences is demonstrated below:


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Context: how may presidents did it have?

Context: They had 8 Presidents

Context: what flag is used by the navy?

Context: Naval jack

Context: what does it symbolise?

Context: how is it folded?

Context: During formal occasions, four people are required to properly fold the flag, where each person holds one of the sides. A correctly folded flag must be a square limiting the national shield. However, the order by which the different folding steps are performed to achieve this result is not legislated.

Question: where is the shield located?

Answer: It rests over the armillary sphere.

Flag of Portugal [SEP] Portuguese shield

The Portuguese shield rests over the armillary sphere. Except during the reign of Afonso I, it is present in every single historical flag, in one form or another. It is the prime Portuguese symbol as well as one of the oldest, with the first elements of today's shield appearing during the reign of Sancho I. The evolution of the Portuguese flag is inherently associated with the evolution of the shield. Within the white inescutcheon, the five small blue shields with their five white bezants representing the five wounds of Christ () when crucified and are popularly associated with the "Miracle of Ourique".


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Context: how may presidents did it have?

Context: They had 8 Presidents

Context: what flag is used by the navy?

Context: Naval jack

Context: what does it symbolise?

Context: how is it folded?

Context: where is the shield located?

Context: It rests over the armillary sphere.

Question: what is the above mentioned ratio?

Answer: The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions.

Aspect ratio [SEP] Introduction

The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions. For example, the aspect ratio of a rectangle is the ratio of its longer side to its shorter sidethe ratio of width to height, when the rectangle is oriented as a "landscape". The aspect ratio is most often expressed as two integer numbers separated by a colon (x:y), less commonly as a simple or decimal fraction. The values x and y do not represent actual widths and heights but, rather, the proportion between width and height. As an example, 8:5, 16:10, 1.6:1, and 1.6 are all ways of representing the same aspect ratio.


Context: what is it inspired by?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 30 June 1911

Context: who was it first adopted for?

Context: First Portuguese Republic

Context: how may presidents did it have?

Context: They had 8 Presidents

Context: what flag is used by the navy?

Context: Naval jack

Context: what does it symbolise?

Context: how is it folded?

Context: where is the shield located?

Context: It rests over the armillary sphere.

Context: what is the above mentioned ratio?

Context: The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions.

Question: what shapes is it used to measure?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Aspect ratio [SEP] Introduction


Question: what is the language in the czech republic

Answer: Czech.

Czech language [SEP] Introduction

Czech (; Czech ), historically also Bohemian (; "lingua Bohemica" in Latin), is a West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group. Spoken by over 10 million people, it serves as the official language of the Czech Republic. Czech is closely related to Slovak, to the point of mutual intelligibility to a very high degree, as well as Polish. Like other Slavic languages, Czech is a fusional language with a rich system of morphology and relatively flexible word order. Its vocabulary has been extensively influenced by Latin and German. The Czech–Slovak group developed within West Slavic in the high medieval period, and the standardization of Czech and Slovak within the Czech–Slovak dialect continuum emerged in the early modern period.


Context: what is the language in the czech republic

Context: Czech.

Question: how is it classified?

Answer: It is a member of the West Slavic sub-branch of the Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family. This branch includes Polish, Kashubian, Upper and Lower Sorbian and Slovak.

Czech language [SEP] Classification

Czech is a member of the West Slavic sub-branch of the Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family. This branch includes Polish, Kashubian, Upper and Lower Sorbian and Slovak. Slovak is the most closely related language to Czech, followed by Polish and Silesian. The West Slavic languages are spoken in Central Europe. Czech is distinguished from other West Slavic languages by a more-restricted distinction between "hard" and "soft" consonants (see Phonology below).


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: It is a member of the West Slavic sub-branch of the Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family. This branch includes Polish, Kashubian, Upper and Lower Sorbian and Slovak.

Question: where else is this language spoken?

Answer: The United States of America.

Explanation: As of 2009, 70,500 Americans spoke Czech as their first language (49th place nationwide, behind Turkish and ahead of Swedish).

Czech language [SEP] United States

Immigration of Czechs from Europe to the United States occurred primarily from 1848 to 1914. Czech is a Less Commonly Taught Language in U.S. schools, and is taught at Czech heritage centers. Large communities of Czech Americans live in the states of Texas, Nebraska and Wisconsin. In the 2000 United States Census, Czech was reported as the most-common language spoken at home (besides English) in Valley, Butler and Saunders Counties, Nebraska and Republic County, Kansas. With the exception of Spanish (the non-English language most commonly spoken at home nationwide), Czech was the most-common home language in over a dozen additional counties in Nebraska, Kansas, Texas, North Dakota and Minnesota.


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Question: can you tell me any other language belonging to the same family?

Answer: Polish, Kashubian, Upper and Lower Sorbian and Slovak.

Explanation: This branch includes Polish, Kashubian, Upper and Lower Sorbian and Slovak.

Czech language [SEP] Classification


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: can you tell me any other language belonging to the same family?

Context: Polish, Kashubian, Upper and Lower Sorbian and Slovak.

Question: where is the second mentioned language spoken?

Answer: Poland.

Kashubian language [SEP] Introduction

Kashubian or Cassubian (Kashubian: "", ) is a West Slavic lect belonging to the Lechitic subgroup along with Polish and Silesian. Although often classified as a language in its own right, it is sometimes viewed as a dialect of Pomeranian or as a dialect of Polish. In Poland, it has been an officially recognized ethnic-minority language since 2005. Approximately 108,000 people use mainly Kashubian at home. It is the only remnant of the Pomeranian language. It is close to standard Polish with influence from Low German and the extinct Polabian and Old Prussian. The Kashubian lect exists in two different forms: low-prestige vernacular dialects used by older generations in rural areas, and the Kashubian literary standard prescribed in education.


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: where is the second mentioned language spoken?

Context: Poland.

Question: is there any literary works written in recently mentioned language?

Answer: Yes, Life and Adventures of Remus - the Kashubian Mirror .

The Life and Adventures of Remus [SEP] Introduction

Life and Adventures of Remus - the Kashubian Mirror (Kashubian title Żëce i przigodë Remusa - Zvjercadło kaszubskji) is a novel written in the Kashubian language by Dr. Aleksander Majkowski (1876–1938). The linguist Gerald Green regards "Life and Adventures of Remus" as the Kashubian language's only novel; while theirs is more a scholarly judgement than an objective truth, the preeminence of "Life And Adventures" to Kashubian literature is undeniable. Although Dr. Majkowski was a prolific author and wrote on a wide range of Kashubian topics, "Life and Adventures" is considered his master work. Dr. Majkowski worked on "Life and Adventures" from his college days on, and the novel was only published in its three-book entirety shortly after his 1938 death.


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: Poland.

Context: is there any literary works written in recently mentioned language?

Context: Yes, Life and Adventures of Remus - the Kashubian Mirror .

Question: who wrote it?

Answer: Dr. Aleksander Majkowski.

Explanation: Life and Adventures of Remus - the Kashubian Mirror (Kashubian title Żëce i przigodë Remusa - Zvjercadło kaszubskji) is a novel written in the Kashubian language by Dr. Aleksander Majkowski


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: Poland.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Dr. Aleksander Majkowski.

Question: what literary technique is used in the work?

Answer: Allegory.

The Life and Adventures of Remus [SEP] Literary technique

The novel's subtitle, Zvjercadło kaszubskji ("Kashubian Mirror"), is a clear signal of its lush allegorical content. Remus himself, with his incomprehensible speech and comically peculiar mannerisms, aptly symbolizes outsiders' perception of the Kashubian people. Remus also symbolizes the courage, perseverance, and deep faith Majkowski attributes to his countrymen and countrywomen. The young queen and the buried castle likewise stand, respectively, for the Kashubians' deep faith and their glorious past. The devil's emissary Smętek stands specifically for the evil intentions of individuals who persecute Kashubians, and perhaps for Germans in general. The persecuted priest Father Krause's story is paralleled by those of real life Kashubian priests such as Jan Romuald Byzewski, and the flamboyant "Derda" of Chapter 36 can only be a young Hieronim Derdowski.


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: Poland.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Dr. Aleksander Majkowski.

Context: what literary technique is used in the work?

Context: Allegory.

Question: what kind of work is it?

Answer: A novel.


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: Poland.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Dr. Aleksander Majkowski.

Context: Allegory.

Context: what kind of work is it?

Context: A novel.

Question: what is the story line?

Answer: It talks about an orphan, Remus who grows up to defend the Kashubian culture.

Explanation: Book 1 "At the Pustkowie" (chapters 1-15) Chapter 1 consists of an introduction delivered by an unknown narrator, who stumbles upon Remus's memoirs. From the second chapter on, Remus himself is the narrator. As a young orphan growing up in the "pustkowie" (a forest clearing), Remus is cheerful and fulfilled despite all the hard work and a speech impediment which makes him practically incomprehensible. He is troubled, as he grows up, by visions of a young queen and a ruined castle. On the threshold of maturity, he assumes that he will marry his loving and beloved Marta and spend a happy life working in the pustkowie. However, he is summoned to the deathbed of the pustkowie's master, old Pan Jozef Zoblocczi. Pan Jozef informs Remus that his own time as defender of Kashubian culture is over, and that he, Remus, must take up the task. Remus pleads his inability and unworthiness, but when Pan Jozef invokes the young queen and the ruined castle, Remus must accept. In Chapter 15, turning his

The Life and Adventures of Remus [SEP] Plot summary


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: Poland.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Dr. Aleksander Majkowski.

Context: Allegory.

Context: what kind of work is it?

Context: A novel.

Context: what is the story line?

Context: It talks about an orphan, Remus who grows up to defend the Kashubian culture.

Question: was the story influenced from real life events?

Answer: Yes, as  Smętek stands specifically for the evil intentions of individuals who persecute Kashubians, and perhaps for Germans in general.

Explanation: The novel's subtitle, Zvjercadło kaszubskji ("Kashubian Mirror"), is a clear signal of its lush allegorical content. Remus himself, with his incomprehensible speech and comically peculiar mannerisms, aptly symbolizes outsiders' perception of the Kashubian people. Remus also symbolizes the courage, perseverance, and deep faith Majkowski attributes to his countrymen and countrywomen. The young queen and the buried castle likewise stand, respectively, for the Kashubians' deep faith and their glorious past. The devil's emissary Smętek stands specifically for the evil intentions of individuals who persecute Kashubians, and perhaps for Germans in general.


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: Poland.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Dr. Aleksander Majkowski.

Context: Allegory.

Context: what kind of work is it?

Context: A novel.

Context: what is the story line?

Context: was the story influenced from real life events?

Context: Yes, as  Smętek stands specifically for the evil intentions of individuals who persecute Kashubians, and perhaps for Germans in general.

Question: what were the other business activities of the novelist?

Answer: He was a physician by profession.

Aleksander Majkowski [SEP] Continued business activities

In Kartuzy, he worked as a physician in a number of places, mainly at the railroad clinics, often volunteering to help people in need, but without neglecting his writing. Attending to his patients on the country side, he kept collecting samples of folklore artifacts and photographs the life of the Kashubs. For his commitment to "social work in Pomerania", Majkowski received the Officer's Cross of the Order of Poland's Restitution, from President Stanisław Wojciechowski in April 1923. A year later, he published his "Przewodnik po Szwajcarji Kaszubskiej" ("A Guide to the so-called Kashubian Switzerland") and, in 1925, a single issue of ""Gryf"".


Context: Czech.

Context: how is it classified?

Context: where else is this language spoken?

Context: The United States of America.

Context: Poland.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Dr. Aleksander Majkowski.

Context: Allegory.

Context: what kind of work is it?

Context: A novel.

Context: what is the story line?

Context: what were the other business activities of the novelist?

Context: He was a physician by profession.

Question: which country does he belong to?

Answer: Former Prussia.

Aleksander Majkowski [SEP] Early life

Aleksander Jan Alojzy Majkowski was born into a farming family on July 17, 1876, in Kościerzyna (then Berent, West Prussia), the eldest child of two sisters and three brothers. In Berent, he completed primary school "(Volksschule)" and in 1885-90 attended a German progymnasium. He was given a scholarship of "Towarzystwo Pomocy Naukowej" (Society of Educational Aid), based in Chełmno (then Culm). In 1891, he began his education in gymnasium in Chojnice (Konitz), living in a convent there. Also there, he became acquainted with Polish literature and history. In 1895, he earned his matriculation certificate. At first, he meant to study theology and become a priest, but instead he enrolled at the Berlin University and in 1897, began studying medicine.


Question: who plays the t rex in the good dinosaur

Answer: Raymond Ochoa, Jack Bright, Steve Zahn, Sam Elliott

Explanation: he film features the voices of Raymond Ochoa, Jack Bright, Steve Zahn, Sam Elliott, Anna Paquin, A. J. Buckley, Frances McDormand and Jeffrey Wright.

The Good Dinosaur [SEP] Introduction

Buckley, Frances McDormand and Jeffrey Wright. "The Good Dinosaur" premiered on November 10, 2015 in Paris and was released in the United States on November 25, 2015. The film grossed a total of $332 million worldwide against its $175 million budget; however, marketing costs lost the company $85 million, causing "The Good Dinosaur" to become Pixar's first financial disappointment.


Context: who plays the t rex in the good dinosaur

Question: what is this a cartoon or film?

Answer: American 3D computer-animated comedy adventure film

The Good Dinosaur [SEP] Introduction

The Good Dinosaur is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. Directed by Peter Sohn in his directorial debut and written by Meg LeFauve from an original idea by Bob Peterson, the film is set in an alternate history in which dinosaurs never became extinct. The film follows a young and timid "Apatosaurus" named Arlo, who meets an unlikely human friend while traveling through a harsh, dangerous and mysterious landscape. The film features the voices of Raymond Ochoa, Jack Bright, Steve Zahn, Sam Elliott, Anna Paquin, A. J.


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: American 3D computer-animated comedy adventure film

Question: who is the director?

Answer: Peter Sohn

Explanation: Directed by Peter Sohn in his directorial debut

The Good Dinosaur [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: who is the director?

Context: Peter Sohn

Question: who is the last actor mentioned in the above list?

Answer: Samuel Pack Elliott is an American actor

Sam Elliott [SEP] Introduction

Samuel Pack Elliott (born August 9, 1944) is an American actor. He is the recipient of several accolades, including a National Board of Review Award, and has been nominated for an Academy Award, two Golden Globe Awards, two Primetime Emmy Awards, and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. Elliott is known for his distinctive lanky physique, full mustache, and deep, resonant voice. He began his film career with minor appearances in "The Way West" (1967) and "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid" (1969), and guest-starred on television in the Western "Gunsmoke" (1972) and the television films "Murder in Texas" (1981) and "The Shadow Riders" (1982).


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: who is the director?

Context: Peter Sohn

Context: who is the last actor mentioned in the above list?

Context: Samuel Pack Elliott is an American actor

Question: what was the collections for this film?

Answer: The film grossed a total of $332 million worldwide against its $175 million budget; however, marketing costs lost the company $85 million

Explanation: The film grossed a total of $332 million worldwide against its $175 million budget; however, marketing costs lost the company $85 million, causing "The Good Dinosaur" to become Pixar's first financial disappointment.

The Good Dinosaur [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: who is the director?

Context: Peter Sohn

Context: what was the collections for this film?

Context: The film grossed a total of $332 million worldwide against its $175 million budget; however, marketing costs lost the company $85 million

Question: where is the director from?

Answer: New York City

Peter Sohn [SEP] Early life

Sohn was born in The Bronx and raised in New York City. His parents were Korean immigrants. He attended CalArts and while there got a summer job working on Brad Bird's "The Iron Giant". After graduating from school he worked at The Walt Disney Company and Warner Bros. before coming to Pixar. He graduated from high school in 1995.


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: who is the director?

Context: Peter Sohn

Context: what was the collections for this film?

Context: where is the director from?

Context: New York City

Question: has he directed any other movies?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

The Good Dinosaur [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: who is the director?

Context: Peter Sohn

Context: what was the collections for this film?

Context: where is the director from?

Context: New York City

Context: has he directed any other movies?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what’s the census of people in the above city?

Answer: An estimated 8,336,817 residents

New York City [SEP] Demographics

New York City is the most populous city in the United States, with an estimated 8,336,817 residents , incorporating more immigration into the city than outmigration since the 2010 United States Census. More than twice as many people live in New York City as compared to Los Angeles, the second-most populous U.S. city, and within a smaller area. New York City gained more residents between April 2010 and July 2014 (316,000) than any other U.S. city. New York City's population is about 43% of New York State's population, and about 36% of the population of the New York metropolitan area.


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: who is the director?

Context: Peter Sohn

Context: what was the collections for this film?

Context: where is the director from?

Context: New York City

Context: has he directed any other movies?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what’s the census of people in the above city?

Context: An estimated 8,336,817 residents

Question: whats the storyline of the aforementioned film?

Answer: The film follows a young and timid "Apatosaurus" named Arlo, who meets an unlikely human friend while traveling through a harsh, dangerous and mysterious landscape

Explanation: The film follows a young and timid "Apatosaurus" named Arlo, who meets an unlikely human friend while traveling through a harsh, dangerous and mysterious landscape.

The Good Dinosaur [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: who is the director?

Context: Peter Sohn

Context: what was the collections for this film?

Context: where is the director from?

Context: New York City

Context: has he directed any other movies?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: An estimated 8,336,817 residents

Context: whats the storyline of the aforementioned film?

Context: The film follows a young and timid "Apatosaurus" named Arlo, who meets an unlikely human friend while traveling through a harsh, dangerous and mysterious landscape

Question: name some processions that happen in this city?

Answer: The annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, the annual St. Patrick's Day Parade, the Greenwich Village Halloween Parade

Explanation: he majority of parades are held in Manhattan. The primary orientation of the annual street parades is typically from north to south, marching along major avenues. The annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is the world's largest parade, beginning alongside Central Park and processing southward to the flagship Macy's Herald Square store; the parade is viewed on telecasts worldwide and draws millions of spectators in person. Other notable parades including the annual St. Patrick's Day Parade in March

New York City [SEP] Parades

New York City is well known for its street parades, which celebrate a broad array of themes, including holidays, nationalities, human rights, and major league sports team championship victories. The majority of parades are held in Manhattan. The primary orientation of the annual street parades is typically from north to south, marching along major avenues. The annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is the world's largest parade, beginning alongside Central Park and processing southward to the flagship Macy's Herald Square store; the parade is viewed on telecasts worldwide and draws millions of spectators in person. Other notable parades including the annual St.


Context: what is this a cartoon or film?

Context: who is the director?

Context: Peter Sohn

Context: what was the collections for this film?

Context: where is the director from?

Context: New York City

Context: has he directed any other movies?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: An estimated 8,336,817 residents

Context: name some processions that happen in this city?

Context: The annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, the annual St. Patrick's Day Parade, the Greenwich Village Halloween Parade

Question: what is the climate here in the winters?

Answer: Winters are chilly and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow sea breezes offshore temper the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean

New York City [SEP] Climate

Under the Köppen climate classification, using the isotherm, New York City features a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and is thus the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. The suburbs to the immediate north and west lie in the transitional zone between humid subtropical and humid continental climates (Dfa). By the Trewartha classification, the city is defined as having an oceanic climate (Do). Annually, the city averages 234 days with at least some sunshine. The city lies in the USDA 7b plant hardiness zone. Winters are chilly and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow sea breezes offshore temper the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachian Mountains keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis.


Question: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Answer: Last class of battlecruisers built during WW1

Mackensen-class battlecruiser [SEP] Introduction

The "Mackensen" class was the last class of battlecruisers to be built by Germany in World War I. The design initially called for seven ships, but three of them were redesigned as the . Of the four ships of the "Mackensen" class, "Mackensen", "Graf Spee", and "Prinz Eitel Friedrich" were launched, and "Fürst Bismarck" was not—but none were completed, after wartime shipbuilding priorities were redirected towards U-boat—and the ships were broken up in the early 1920s. The lead ship of the class was named for August von Mackensen, a prominent military commander during the war. In response to the "Mackensen"-class ships, the British Royal Navy laid down the s, all but one of which would eventually be cancelled; the sole survivor, , was completed after the end of the war.


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: Last class of battlecruisers built during WW1

Question: what was the ww1?

Answer: A global war originating in Europe.

Explanation: World War I (or the First World War, often abbreviated as WWI or WW1) was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

World War I [SEP] Introduction

On 12 August, Britain and France also declared war on Austria-Hungary; on 23August, Japan sided with Britain, seizing German possessions in China and the Pacific. In November 1914, the Ottoman Empire entered the war on the side of Austria-Hungary and Germany, opening fronts in the Caucasus, Mesopotamia, and the Sinai Peninsula. The war was fought in (and drew upon) each power's colonial empire also, spreading the conflict to Africa and across the globe. The Entente and its allies eventually became known as the Allied Powers, while the grouping of Austria-Hungary, Germany and their allies became known as the Central Powers.


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Question: name a few parties involved.

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

World War I [SEP] Introduction

World War I (or the First World War, often abbreviated as WWI or WW1) was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously known as the Great War or "the war to end all wars", it led to the mobilisation of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated 9 million combatant deaths and 13 million civilian deaths as a direct result of the war, while resulting genocides and the related 1918 Spanish flu pandemic caused another 17–100 million deaths worldwide, including an estimated 2.64 million Spanish flu deaths in Europe and as many as 675,000 Spanish flu deaths in the United States.


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how did it affect the economy?

Answer: GDP increased for three Allies but decreased in France and Russia, in neutral Netherlands, and in the three main Central Powers.

Explanation: Gross domestic product (GDP) increased for three Allies (Britain, Italy, and the United States), but decreased in France and Russia, in neutral Netherlands, and in the three main Central Powers. The shrinkage in GDP in Austria, Russia, France, and the Ottoman Empire ranged between 30% and 40%. In Austria, for example, most pigs were slaughtered, so at war's end there was no meat.

World War I [SEP] Economic effects

The shrinkage in GDP in Austria, Russia, France, and the Ottoman Empire ranged between 30% and 40%. In Austria, for example, most pigs were slaughtered, so at war's end there was no meat. In all nations, the government's share of GDP increased, surpassing 50% in both Germany and France and nearly reaching that level in Britain. To pay for purchases in the United States, Britain cashed in its extensive investments in American railroads and then began borrowing heavily from Wall Street. President Wilson was on the verge of cutting off the loans in late 1916, but allowed a great increase in US government lending to the Allies.


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did it affect the economy?

Context: GDP increased for three Allies but decreased in France and Russia, in neutral Netherlands, and in the three main Central Powers.

Question: what is full form of that abbreviation ?

Answer: Gross domestic product

Explanation: Gross domestic product (GDP)

World War I [SEP] Economic effects

One of the most dramatic effects of the war was the expansion of governmental powers and responsibilities in Britain, France, the United States, and the Dominions of the British Empire. To harness all the power of their societies, governments created new ministries and powers. New taxes were levied and laws enacted, all designed to bolster the war effort; many have lasted to this day. Similarly, the war strained the abilities of some formerly large and bureaucratised governments, such as in Austria-Hungary and Germany. Gross domestic product (GDP) increased for three Allies (Britain, Italy, and the United States), but decreased in France and Russia, in neutral Netherlands, and in the three main Central Powers.


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did it affect the economy?

Context: what is full form of that abbreviation ?

Context: Gross domestic product

Question: what does it represent?

Answer: Monetary measure of the M.P. of all the final goods and services produced in a specific time period.

Gross domestic product [SEP] Introduction

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced in a specific time period. GDP (nominal) per capita does not, however, reflect differences in the cost of living and the inflation rates of the countries; therefore, using a basis of GDP per capita at purchasing power parity (PPP) is arguably more useful when comparing living standards between nations, while nominal GDP is more useful comparing national economies on the international market. The OECD defines GDP as "an aggregate measure of production equal to the sum of the gross values added of all resident and institutional units engaged in production and services (plus any taxes, and minus any subsidies, on products not included in the value of their outputs)".


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did it affect the economy?

Context: Gross domestic product

Context: what does it represent?

Context: Monetary measure of the M.P. of all the final goods and services produced in a specific time period.

Question: can you mention its one limittion?

Answer: Measurements of national income result in abuse since they deal with matters that are the center of conflict of opposing social groups.

Explanation: Measurements of national income are subject to this type of illusion and resulting abuse, especially since they deal with matters that are the center of conflict of opposing social groups where the effectiveness of an argument is often contingent upon oversimplification. [...]

Gross domestic product [SEP] Limitations at introduction

[...] All these qualifications upon estimates of national income as an index of productivity are just as important when income measurements are interpreted from the point of view of economic welfare. But in the latter case additional difficulties will be suggested to anyone who wants to penetrate below the surface of total figures and market values. Economic welfare cannot be adequately measured unless the personal distribution of income is known. And no income measurement undertakes to estimate the reverse side of income, that is, the intensity and unpleasantness of effort going into the earning of income. The welfare of a nation can, therefore, scarcely be inferred from a measurement of national income as defined above.


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did it affect the economy?

Context: Gross domestic product

Context: what does it represent?

Context: can you mention its one limittion?

Context: Measurements of national income result in abuse since they deal with matters that are the center of conflict of opposing social groups.

Question: how is it connected to living standards?

Answer: GDP per capita is often used as an indicator of living standards.

Gross domestic product [SEP] Standard of living and GDP: wealth distribution and externalities

GDP per capita is often used as an indicator of living standards. The major advantage of GDP per capita as an indicator of standard of living is that it is measured frequently, widely, and consistently. It is measured frequently in that most countries provide information on GDP on a quarterly basis, allowing trends to be seen quickly. It is measured widely in that some measure of GDP is available for almost every country in the world, allowing inter-country comparisons. It is measured consistently in that the technical definition of GDP is relatively consistent among countries. GDP does not include several factors that influence the standard of living.


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did it affect the economy?

Context: Gross domestic product

Context: what does it represent?

Context: can you mention its one limittion?

Context: how is it connected to living standards?

Context: GDP per capita is often used as an indicator of living standards.

Question: by whom was this term introduced?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did it affect the economy?

Context: Gross domestic product

Context: what does it represent?

Context: can you mention its one limittion?

Context: by whom was this term introduced?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what are its components?

Answer: Consumption (C), investment (I), government spending (G) and net exports (X – M).

Gross domestic product [SEP] Components of GDP by expenditure

GDP (Y) is the sum of consumption (C), investment (I), government spending (G) and net exports (X – M). Here is a description of each GDP component: Note that C, G, and I are expenditures on final goods and services; expenditures on intermediate goods and services do not count. (Intermediate goods and services are those used by businesses to produce other goods and services within the accounting year.)


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did it affect the economy?

Context: Gross domestic product

Context: what does it represent?

Context: can you mention its one limittion?

Context: by whom was this term introduced?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its components?

Context: Consumption (C), investment (I), government spending (G) and net exports (X – M).

Question: how is it different from gni?

Answer: GDP defines its scope according to location, while GNI defines it according to ownership.

Gross domestic product [SEP] GDP and GNI

GDP can be contrasted with gross national product (GNP) or, as it is now known, gross national income (GNI). The difference is that GDP defines its scope according to location, while GNI defines its scope according to ownership. In a global context, world GDP and world GNI are, therefore, equivalent terms. GDP is product produced within a country's borders; GNI is product produced by enterprises owned by a country's citizens. The two would be the same if all of the productive enterprises in a country were owned by its own citizens, and those citizens did not own productive enterprises in any other countries.


Context: what is mackensen-class battlecruiser?

Context: what was the ww1?

Context: A global war originating in Europe.

Context: name a few parties involved.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did it affect the economy?

Context: Gross domestic product

Context: what does it represent?

Context: can you mention its one limittion?

Context: by whom was this term introduced?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its components?

Context: how is it different from gni?

Context: GDP defines its scope according to location, while GNI defines it according to ownership.

Question: could you elaborate on the latter term?

Answer: GNI is product produced by enterprises owned by a country's citizens; for example, GNI of the USA is the value of output produced by American-owned firms, regardless of where the firms are located.

Explanation:
GNI is product produced by enterprises owned by a country's citizens. The two would be the same if all of the productive enterprises in a country were owned by its own citizens, and those citizens did not own productive enterprises in any other countries. In practice, however, foreign ownership makes GDP and GNI non-identical. Production within a country's borders, but by an enterprise owned by somebody outside the country, counts as part of its GDP but not its GNI; on the other hand, production by an enterprise located outside the country, but owned by one of its citizens, counts as part of its GNI but not its GDP.

For example, the GNI of the USA is the value of output produced by American-owned firms, regardless of where the firms are located.


Question: what is the scale insect?

Answer: They are small insects of the order Hemiptera, suborder Sternorrhyncha.

Scale insect [SEP] Introduction

Scale insects are small insects of the order Hemiptera, suborder Sternorrhyncha. Of dramatically variable appearance and extreme sexual dimorphism, they comprise the superfamily Coccoidea. Adult females typically have soft bodies and no limbs, and are concealed underneath domed scales, extruding quantities of wax for protection. Some species are hermaphroditic, with a combined ovotestis instead of separate ovaries and testes. Males, in the species where they occur, have legs and sometimes wings, and resemble small flies. Scale insects are herbivores, piercing plant tissues with their mouthparts and remaining in one place, feeding on sap. The excess fluid they imbibe is secreted as honeydew on which sooty mold tends to grow.


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: They are small insects of the order Hemiptera, suborder Sternorrhyncha.

Question: are they pests?

Answer: Yes,  crop pests.

Scale insect [SEP] As pests

Many scale species are serious crop pests. In 1990, they caused around $5 billion of damage to crops in the United States. The waxy covering of many species of scale protects their adults effectively from contact insecticides, which are only effective against the first-instar nymph stage known as the "crawler". However, scales can often be controlled using horticultural oils that suffocate them, systemic pesticides that poison the sap of the host plants, or by biological control agents such as tiny parasitoid wasps and ladybirds. Insecticidal soap may also be used against scales. One species, the cottony cushion scale, is a serious commercial pest on 65 families of woody plants, including "Citrus" fruits.


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Question: what are the various stages of their life?

Answer: They develop from the egg through a first instar (crawler) stage and a second instar stage before becoming adult.

Scale insect [SEP] Life cycle

Female scale insects in more advanced families develop from the egg through a first instar (crawler) stage and a second instar stage before becoming adult. In more primitive families there is an additional instar stage. Males pass through a first and second instar stage, a pre-pupal and a pupal stage before adulthood. The first instars of most species of scale insects emerge from the egg with functional legs, and are informally called "crawlers". They immediately crawl around in search of a suitable spot to settle down and feed. In some species they delay settling down either until they are starving, or until they have been blown away by wind onto what presumably is another plant, where they may establish a new colony.


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Context: what are the various stages of their life?

Context: They develop from the egg through a first instar (crawler) stage and a second instar stage before becoming adult.

Question: what do they look like?

Answer: They  vary dramatically in appearance, from very small organisms (1–2 mm) that grow beneath wax covers (some shaped like oysters, others like mussel shells), to shiny pearl-like objects (about 5 mm), to animals covered with mealy wax.

Explanation: vary dramatically in appearance, from very small organisms (1–2 mm) that grow beneath wax covers (some shaped like oysters, others like mussel shells), to shiny pearl-like objects (about 5 mm), to animals covered with mealy wax.

Scale insect [SEP] Description

They are usually slender insects resembling aphids or small flies. They have antennae with nine or ten segments, compound eyes (Margarodidae and Ortheziidae) or simple eyes (most other families), and legs with five segments. Most species have wings, and in some, alternate generations may be winged or wingless. Adult males do not feed, and die within two or three days of emergence.


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Context: what do they look like?

Context: They  vary dramatically in appearance, from very small organisms (1–2 mm) that grow beneath wax covers (some shaped like oysters, others like mussel shells), to shiny pearl-like objects (about 5 mm), to animals covered with mealy wax.

Question: what is that substance of which the covers are made?

Answer: They secrete a waxy coating for defence, making them resemble reptilian or fish scales, and giving them their common name.

Scale insect [SEP] Description

Scale insects vary dramatically in appearance, from very small organisms (1–2 mm) that grow beneath wax covers (some shaped like oysters, others like mussel shells), to shiny pearl-like objects (about 5 mm), to animals covered with mealy wax. Adult females are almost always immobile (apart from mealybugs) and permanently attached to the plant on which they are feeding. They secrete a waxy coating for defence, making them resemble reptilian or fish scales, and giving them their common name. The group is extremely sexually dimorphic; female scale insects, unusually for Hemiptera, retain the immature external morphology even when sexually mature, a condition known as neoteny.


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Context: what do they look like?

Context: what is that substance of which the covers are made?

Context: They secrete a waxy coating for defence, making them resemble reptilian or fish scales, and giving them their common name.

Question: are insects the only source of this substance, or are there other sources as well?

Answer: No, they can be obtained from plants and animals as well. The best known animal wax is beeswax. Lanolin is a wax obtained from wool

Explanation: The best known animal wax is beeswax used in constructing the honeycombs of honeybees, but other insects also secrete waxes. A major component of the beeswax is myricyl palmitate which is an ester of triacontanol and palmitic acid. Its melting point is 62-65 °C. Spermaceti occurs in large amounts in the head oil of the sperm whale. One of its main constituents is cetyl palmitate, another ester of a fatty acid and a fatty alcohol. Lanolin is a wax obtained from wool, consisting of esters of sterols.

Wax [SEP] Animal waxes


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Context: what do they look like?

Context: are insects the only source of this substance, or are there other sources as well?

Context: No, they can be obtained from plants and animals as well. The best known animal wax is beeswax. Lanolin is a wax obtained from wool

Question: can you name such a  plant source?

Answer: The most important plant wax is carnauba wax, a hard wax obtained from the Brazilian palm "Copernicia prunifera".

Wax [SEP] Plant waxes

Plants secrete waxes into and on the surface of their cuticles as a way to control evaporation, wettability and hydration. The epicuticular waxes of plants are mixtures of substituted long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, containing alkanes, alkyl esters, fatty acids, primary and secondary alcohols, diols, ketones and aldehydes. From the commercial perspective, the most important plant wax is carnauba wax, a hard wax obtained from the Brazilian palm "Copernicia prunifera". Containing the ester myricyl cerotate, it has many applications, such as confectionery and other food coatings, car and furniture polish, floss coating, and surfboard wax. Other more specialized vegetable waxes include jojoba oil, candelilla wax and ouricury wax.


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Context: what do they look like?

Context: can you name such a  plant source?

Context: The most important plant wax is carnauba wax, a hard wax obtained from the Brazilian palm "Copernicia prunifera".

Question: please describe the plant.

Answer: It can grow up to 20 m height with an average 25 cm diameter trunk, circular tree crown, with fan-leaves measuring 1.5 m, bisexual flowers and small black round fruits (2.5 cm).

Copernicia prunifera [SEP] Plant description

"Copernica prunifera" can grow up to 20 m height with an average 25 cm diameter trunk, circular tree crown, with fan-leaves measuring 1.5 m, bisexual flowers and small black round fruits (2.5 cm). The palm can live up to 200 years. Although it withstands drought well, it has a high water requirement for growth. A slightly saline composition in the soil produces the best trees. Carnaubas are social palm trees, they are found in Carnaubais (assembly/group of Carnaubas) in flood zones or near rivers. Taxonomically, this tree belongs to the subfamily Coryphoideae, tribe Corypheae, subtribe Livistoninae.


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Context: what do they look like?

Context: can you name such a  plant source?

Context: please describe the plant.

Context: It can grow up to 20 m height with an average 25 cm diameter trunk, circular tree crown, with fan-leaves measuring 1.5 m, bisexual flowers and small black round fruits (2.5 cm).

Question: what are its uses?

Answer: The fruit and pith are eaten, the leaves are variously utilized and the wood is a construction material.

Explanation: It is the source of carnauba wax, which is harvested as a natural coating from the surface of the leaves of the tree. The fruit and pith are eaten, the leaves are variously utilized and the wood is a construction material.

Copernicia prunifera [SEP] Uses


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Context: what do they look like?

Context: can you name such a  plant source?

Context: please describe the plant.

Context: what are its uses?

Context: The fruit and pith are eaten, the leaves are variously utilized and the wood is a construction material.

Question: where is this plant found?

Answer: It is native to northeastern Brazil (mainly the states of Ceará, Piauí, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia).

Copernicia prunifera [SEP] Introduction

Copernicia prunifera or the carnaúba palm or carnaubeira palm () is a species of palm tree native to northeastern Brazil (mainly the states of Ceará, Piauí, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia). Known by many as 'tree of life' because of its many uses, the Carnaúba is also the symbol tree of Ceará. The initiative to use it as a symbol vies to promote its conservation and sustainable use.


Context: what is the scale insect?

Context: are they pests?

Context: Yes,  crop pests.

Context: what do they look like?

Context: can you name such a  plant source?

Context: please describe the plant.

Context: what are its uses?

Context: where is this plant found?

Context: It is native to northeastern Brazil (mainly the states of Ceará, Piauí, Maranhão, Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia).

Question: what language is spoken in this country?

Answer: Portuguese

Brazil [SEP] Language

The official language of Brazil is Portuguese (Article 13 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Brazil), which almost all of the population speaks and is virtually the only language used in newspapers, radio, television, and for business and administrative purposes. Brazil is the only Portuguese-speaking nation in the Americas, making the language an important part of Brazilian national identity and giving it a national culture distinct from those of its Spanish-speaking neighbors. Brazilian Portuguese has had its own development, mostly similar to 16th-century Central and Southern dialects of European Portuguese (despite a very substantial number of Portuguese colonial settlers, and more recent immigrants, coming from Northern regions, and in minor degree Portuguese Macaronesia), with a few influences from the Amerindian and African languages, especially West African and Bantu restricted to the vocabulary only.


Question: phantom of the opera movie did they sing

Answer: Yes, It is a musical drama film ad most of the actors sang.

The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film) [SEP] Introduction

The Phantom of the Opera is a 2004 musical drama film based on Andrew Lloyd Webber's 1986 musical of the same name, which in turn is based on the 1910 French novel "Le Fantôme de l'Opéra" by Gaston Leroux. Produced and co-written by Lloyd Webber and directed by Joel Schumacher, it stars Gerard Butler in the title role, Emmy Rossum, Patrick Wilson, Miranda Richardson, Minnie Driver, and Jennifer Ellison. The film was announced in 1989 but production did not start until 2002 due to Lloyd Webber's divorce and Schumacher's busy career. It was shot entirely at Pinewood Studios, with scenery created with miniatures and computer graphics.


Context: phantom of the opera movie did they sing

Context: Yes, It is a musical drama film ad most of the actors sang.

Question: can you name some of the actors?

Answer: Gerard Butler , Emmy Rossum, Patrick Wilson, Miranda Richardson, Minnie Driver, and Jennifer Ellison.

Explanation: it stars Gerard Butler in the title role, Emmy Rossum, Patrick Wilson, Miranda Richardson, Minnie Driver, and Jennifer Ellison.


Context: can you name some of the actors?

Context: Gerard Butler , Emmy Rossum, Patrick Wilson, Miranda Richardson, Minnie Driver, and Jennifer Ellison.

Question: how was its box-office performance?

Answer: The film obtained 9th spot at the box office,during its 1,511 screens wide release on 21 January 2005 and a gross of $51.2 million

Explanation: "The Phantom of the Opera" was released in the United States on 22 December 2004. With a limited release of 622 theaters, it opened at tenth place at the weekend box office, grossing $6.5 million across five days. After expanding to 907 screens on 14 January 2005 the film obtained the 9th spot at the box office, which it retained during its 1,511 screens wide release on 21 January 2005. The total domestic gross was $51.2 million. With a further $107 million earned internationally, "The Phantom of the Opera" reached a worldwide total of $154.6 million. A few foreign markets were particularly successful, such as Japan, where the film's ¥4.20 billion ($35 million) gross stood as the 6th most successful foreign film and 9th overall of the year. The United Kingdom and South Korea both had over $10 million in receipts, with $17.5 million and $11.9 million, respectively.

The Phantom of the Opera (2004 film) [SEP] Release


Context: can you name some of the actors?

Context: how was its box-office performance?

Context: The film obtained 9th spot at the box office,during its 1,511 screens wide release on 21 January 2005 and a gross of $51.2 million

Question: is it movie based on a novel?

Answer: Yes, It is based on the 1910 French novel "Le Fantôme de l'Opéra" by Gaston Leroux.


Context: can you name some of the actors?

Context: how was its box-office performance?

Context: is it movie based on a novel?

Context: Yes, It is based on the 1910 French novel "Le Fantôme de l'Opéra" by Gaston Leroux.

Question: when was it published?

Answer: Pierre Lafitte.

Explanation: The Phantom of the Opera (French: Le Fantôme de l'Opéra), is a novel by French writer Gaston Leroux. It was first published as a serialization in "Le Gaulois" from 23 September 1909, to 8 January 1910. It was published in volume form in late March 1910 by Pierre Lafitte. The novel is partly inspired by historical events at the Paris Opera during the nineteenth century and an apocryphal tale concerning the use of a former ballet pupil's skeleton in Carl Maria von Weber's 1841 production of "Der Freischütz". It has been successfully adapted into various stage and film adaptations, most notable of which are the 1925 film depiction featuring Lon Chaney, and Andrew Lloyd Webber's 1986 musical.

The Phantom of the Opera [SEP] Introduction


Context: can you name some of the actors?

Context: how was its box-office performance?

Context: is it movie based on a novel?

Context: when was it published?

Context: Pierre Lafitte.

Question: what was the author's professional background?

Answer: He left journalism in 1907 and began writing fiction.

Gaston Leroux [SEP] Life and career

The basement contained a cell that held prisoners of the Paris Commune. He left journalism in 1907 and began writing fiction. In 1919, he and Arthur Bernède formed their own film company, Société des Cinéromans, publishing novels and turning them into films. He first wrote a mystery novel titled "Le mystère de la chambre jaune" (1908; English title: "The Mystery of the Yellow Room"), starring the amateur detective Joseph Rouletabille. Leroux's contribution to French detective fiction is considered a parallel to those of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle in the United Kingdom and Edgar Allan Poe in the United States.


Context: can you name some of the actors?

Context: how was its box-office performance?

Context: is it movie based on a novel?

Context: when was it published?

Context: Pierre Lafitte.

Context: what was the author's professional background?

Context: He left journalism in 1907 and began writing fiction.

Question: can you speak about some of his journalistic endeavours?

Answer: His most important journalism came when he began working as an international correspondent for the Paris newspaper "Le Matin".

Gaston Leroux [SEP] Life and career

Leroux was born in Paris in 1868 and died in 1927 in Nice. After schooling in Normandy, he moved to Paris, where he completed his studies in law in 1889. He inherited millions of francs and lived wildly until he nearly reached bankruptcy. In 1890, he began working as a court reporter and theater critic for "L'Écho de Paris". His most important journalism came when he began working as an international correspondent for the Paris newspaper "Le Matin". He was present at, and covered, the 1905 Russian Revolution. Another case at which he was present involved the investigation and in-depth coverage of the former Paris Opera (presently housing the Paris Ballet).