Context: who was walter de coventre?

Context: A 14th-century ecclesiastic.

Context: where was he from?

Context: who is this this last person?

Context: where is this mentioned place located?

Context: In Angus, Scotland, UK.

Context: In 1150.

Context: do you know any of its faculty members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it still there or closed?

Context: It was shut down.

Question: when?

Answer: In 1970.

University of Paris [SEP] Introduction


Context: who was walter de coventre?

Context: A 14th-century ecclesiastic.

Context: where was he from?

Context: It is speculated that he may have been from Abernethy.

Context: from where did he complete his education?

Context: He did his B.A. from the University of Paris and studied civil law from the University of Orléans.

Context: any information regarding his background?

Context: According to D.E.R. Watt, Walter might have two brothers- John and William. He might also have been connected to Margaret de Abernethy.

Context: who is this this last person?

Context: The probable owner of the barony of Inverarity, the church there.

Context: where is this mentioned place located?

Context: In Angus, Scotland, UK.

Context: when was the former university established?

Context: In 1150.

Context: do you know any of its faculty members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it still there or closed?

Context: It was shut down.

Context: when?

Context: In 1970.

Question: why?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

University of Paris [SEP] Introduction

The University of Paris (), metonymically known as the Sorbonne (), was the main university in Paris, France, active from 1150 to 1970, with the exception of 1793—1806 under the French Revolution. Emerging around 1150 as a corporation associated with the cathedral school of Notre Dame de Paris, it was considered the second oldest university in Europe. Officially chartered in 1200 by King Philip II of France and recognised in 1215 by Pope Innocent III, it was later often nicknamed after its theological College of Sorbonne, in turn founded by Robert de Sorbon and chartered by French King Saint Louis around 1257.


Context: who was walter de coventre?

Context: A 14th-century ecclesiastic.

Context: where was he from?

Context: who is this this last person?

Context: where is this mentioned place located?

Context: In Angus, Scotland, UK.

Context: In 1150.

Context: do you know any of its faculty members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it still there or closed?

Context: It was shut down.

Context: when?

Context: In 1970.

Context: why?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: before getting completely closed, was it abolished anytime?

Answer: Yes, in 1793 during the French Revolution.

University of Paris [SEP] 1793: Abolition by the French Revolution

The ancient university disappeared with the ancien régime in the French Revolution. On 15 September 1793, petitioned by the Department of Paris and several departmental groups, the National Convention decided that independently of the primary schools, "there should be established in the Republic three progressive degrees of instruction; the first for the knowledge indispensable to artisans and workmen of all kinds; the second for further knowledge necessary to those intending to embrace the other professions of society; and the third for those branches of instruction the study of which is not within the reach of all men". Measures were to be taken immediately: "For means of execution the department and the municipality of Paris are authorized to consult with the Committee of Public Instruction of the National Convention, in order that these establishments shall be put in action by 1 November next, and consequently colleges now in operation and the faculties of theology, medicine, arts, and law are suppressed throughout the Republic".


Context: who was walter de coventre?

Context: A 14th-century ecclesiastic.

Context: where was he from?

Context: who is this this last person?

Context: where is this mentioned place located?

Context: In Angus, Scotland, UK.

Context: In 1150.

Context: do you know any of its faculty members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it still there or closed?

Context: It was shut down.

Context: when?

Context: In 1970.

Context: why?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: before getting completely closed, was it abolished anytime?

Context: Yes, in 1793 during the French Revolution.

Question: can you mention one cause behind this revolution?

Answer: It was caused by the  inability of the "Ancien Régime" to manage increasing social and economic inequality.

French Revolution [SEP] Causes

Historians view the Revolution as arising from the inability of the "Ancien Régime" to manage increasing social and economic inequality. Their causes included rapid population growth, high food prices and shortages due to crop failure, and the inability to finance Government debt, along with a highly regressive tax system. Combined with underlying structural problems such as the stratified nature of late 18th century French society, it led to a crisis Louis XVI proved unable to manage. From the late 17th century onwards, political and cultural debate became part of general European society, rather than being confined to a governing elite.


Context: who was walter de coventre?

Context: A 14th-century ecclesiastic.

Context: where was he from?

Context: who is this this last person?

Context: where is this mentioned place located?

Context: In Angus, Scotland, UK.

Context: In 1150.

Context: do you know any of its faculty members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it still there or closed?

Context: It was shut down.

Context: when?

Context: In 1970.

Context: why?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: can you mention one cause behind this revolution?

Context: It was caused by the  inability of the "Ancien Régime" to manage increasing social and economic inequality.

Question: from where did this term within the inverted comma originate?

Answer: From a  print in English in 1794.

Ancien Régime [SEP] Origin of the term

The term "Ancien Régime" first appeared in print in English in 1794 (two years after the inauguration of the First French Republic), and was originally pejorative in nature; Simon Schama has observed: "virtually as soon as the term was coined, 'old regime' was automatically freighted with associations of both traditionalism and senescence. It conjured up a society so encrusted with anachronisms that only a shock of great violence could free the living organism within. Institutionally torpid, economically immobile, culturally atrophied and socially stratified, this 'old regime' was incapable of self-modernization."


Context: who was walter de coventre?

Context: A 14th-century ecclesiastic.

Context: where was he from?

Context: who is this this last person?

Context: where is this mentioned place located?

Context: In Angus, Scotland, UK.

Context: In 1150.

Context: do you know any of its faculty members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it still there or closed?

Context: It was shut down.

Context: when?

Context: In 1970.

Context: why?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: from where did this term within the inverted comma originate?

Context: From a  print in English in 1794.

Question: how are the peasants related to this?

Answer: The demands by peasants played a major role in fashioning the early stages of the French Revolution in 1789.

Ancien Régime [SEP] Peasants

Accepting the existence of these two societies, the constant tension between them, and extensive geographic and social mobility tied to a market economy holds the key to a clearer understanding of the evolution of the social structure, economy, and even political system of early modern France. Collins (1991) argues that the Annales School paradigm underestimated the role of the market economy; failed to explain the nature of capital investment in the rural economy; and grossly exaggerated social stability. The demands by peasants played a major role in fashioning the early stages of the French Revolution in 1789. The role of women has recently received attention, especially regarding their religiosity.


Context: who was walter de coventre?

Context: A 14th-century ecclesiastic.

Context: where was he from?

Context: who is this this last person?

Context: where is this mentioned place located?

Context: In Angus, Scotland, UK.

Context: In 1150.

Context: do you know any of its faculty members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it still there or closed?

Context: It was shut down.

Context: when?

Context: In 1970.

Context: why?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: From a  print in English in 1794.

Context: how are the peasants related to this?

Context: The demands by peasants played a major role in fashioning the early stages of the French Revolution in 1789.

Question: what role did the women play in the revolution?

Answer: They wrote pamphlets, formed women's clubs, staged demonstrations in the National Assembly and participated in riots using armed force.

Explanation: he French Revolution and what long-term impact it had on French women. Women had no political rights in pre-Revolutionary France; they were considered "passive" citizens; forced to rely on men to determine what was best for them. That changed dramatically in theory as there seemingly were great advances in feminism. Feminism emerged in Paris as part of a broad demand for social and political reform. The women demanded equality for women and then moved on to a demand for the end of male domination. Their chief vehicle for agitation were pamphlets and women's clubs; for example, a small group called the Cercle Social (Social Circle) campaigned for women's rights, noting that "the laws favor men at the expense of women, because everywhere power is in your hands." However, in October 1793, the country's all-male legislative body voted to ban all women's clubs. The movement was crushed. Devance explains the decision in terms of the emphasis on masculinity in a wartime situation, Marie Antoi

French Revolution [SEP] Role of women

Historians since the late 20th century have debated how women shared in the French Revolution and what long-term impact it had on French women. Women had no political rights in pre-Revolutionary France; they were considered "passive" citizens; forced to rely on men to determine what was best for them. That changed dramatically in theory as there seemingly were great advances in feminism. Feminism emerged in Paris as part of a broad demand for social and political reform. The women demanded equality for women and then moved on to a demand for the end of male domination. Their chief vehicle for agitation were pamphlets and women's clubs; for example, a small group called the Cercle Social (Social Circle) campaigned for women's rights, noting that "the laws favor men at the expense of women, because everywhere power is in your hands." However, in October 1793, the country's all-male legislative body voted to ban all women's clubs.


Question: what is the venue of the boat race 2012?

Answer: The River Thames.

The Boat Race 2012 [SEP] Introduction

The 158th Boat Race took place on 7 April 2012. Held annually, The Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames in London. Despite Cambridge having the heavier crew, Oxford were pre-race favourites having had a successful preparation period, including a victory over Leander. Cambridge won the toss and chose to start on the Surrey side of the river. Partway through, with the boats level, the race was temporarily halted to avoid injury to protester Trenton Oldfield, who swam in front of the two crews. After the race was restarted, one of the Oxford crew suffered irreparable damage to his blade following a clash of oars with the Cambridge boat, ending Oxford's chances of victory.


Context: what is the venue of the boat race 2012?

Context: The River Thames.

Question: what is the significance of the race?

Answer: There are separate men's and women's races, as well as races for reserve crews.

The Boat Race [SEP] Introduction

The Boat Race is an annual set of rowing races between the Cambridge University Boat Club and the Oxford University Boat Club, rowed between open-weight eights on the River Thames in London, England. There are separate men's and women's races, as well as races for reserve crews. It is also known as the University Boat Race and the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race. The men's race was first held in 1829 and has been held annually since 1856, except during the First and Second World Wars and the COVID-19 pandemic. The first women's event was in 1927 and the race has been held annually since 1964.


Context: The River Thames.

Context: what is the significance of the race?

Context: There are separate men's and women's races, as well as races for reserve crews.

Question: who sponsors these races?

Answer: In 2013 the sponsor was BNY Mellon.

The Boat Race [SEP] Sponsorship

In 2013 the sponsor BNY Mellon took over and it became the BNY Mellon Boat Race. From 2016 to 2018, BNY Mellon and Newton Investment management donated the title sponsorship to Cancer Research UK. The Women's Boat Race 2011 was the first to be sponsored by Newton Investment Management, a subsidiary of BNY Mellon. Previously the crews had no sponsorship and were self funded. Newton have remained the sponsor since then and increased the amount of funding significantly.


Context: The River Thames.

Context: what is the significance of the race?

Context: who sponsors these races?

Context: In 2013 the sponsor was BNY Mellon.

Question: were there any sinking incidents during the race?

Answer: Yes, in the 1912 race.

The Boat Race [SEP] Sinkings

In the 1912 race, run in extremely poor weather and high winds, both crews sank. Oxford rowed into a significant early lead, but began taking on water, and made for the bank shortly after passing Hammersmith Bridge to empty the boat out: although they attempted to restart, the race was abandoned at this point because Cambridge had also sunk, while passing the Harrods Depository. Cambridge also sank in 1859 and in 1978, while Oxford did so in 1925, and again in 1951; the 1951 race was re-rowed on the following Monday. In 1984 the Cambridge boat sank after colliding with a barge before the start of the race, which was then rescheduled for the next day.


Context: The River Thames.

Context: what is the significance of the race?

Context: who sponsors these races?

Context: In 2013 the sponsor was BNY Mellon.

Context: were there any sinking incidents during the race?

Context: Yes, in the 1912 race.

Question: would participation in the race earns them any academic status?

Answer: No.

Explanation: . Likewise, bursaries and scholarship opportunities for athletes at the University of Cambridge are only open to those students who have already been admitted to the University on academic merit.

The Boat Race [SEP] Academic status

This has caused a debate about a change of rules, and one suggestion is that only students who are enrolled in courses lasting at least two years should be eligible to race.


Context: The River Thames.

Context: what is the significance of the race?

Context: who sponsors these races?

Context: In 2013 the sponsor was BNY Mellon.

Context: Yes, in the 1912 race.

Context: would participation in the race earns them any academic status?

Context: No.

Question: what business does the sponsor do?

Answer: Investment banking services.

BNY Mellon [SEP] Introduction

The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, commonly known as BNY Mellon, is an American multinational investment banking services holding company headquartered in New York City. BNY Mellon was formed from the merger of The Bank of New York and the Mellon Financial Corporation. It is the world's largest custodian bank and asset servicing company, with $1.9 trillion in assets under management and $37.2 trillion in assets under custody as of the second quarter of 2020. BNY Mellon is incorporated in Delaware. Through its Bank of New York predecessor, it is one of the three oldest banking corporations in the United States, and among the oldest banks in the world, having been established in June 1784 by a group that included American Founding Fathers Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr.


Context: The River Thames.

Context: what is the significance of the race?

Context: who sponsors these races?

Context: In 2013 the sponsor was BNY Mellon.

Context: Yes, in the 1912 race.

Context: No.

Context: what business does the sponsor do?

Context: Investment banking services.

Question: where is it headquartered?

Answer: New York City.

BNY Mellon [SEP] Introduction


Context: The River Thames.

Context: what is the significance of the race?

Context: who sponsors these races?

Context: In 2013 the sponsor was BNY Mellon.

Context: Yes, in the 1912 race.

Context: No.

Context: what business does the sponsor do?

Context: Investment banking services.

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: New York City.

Question: any famous architectures seen there?

Answer: Manhattan's skyline and Woolworth Building.

New York City [SEP] Architecture

New York has architecturally noteworthy buildings in a wide range of styles and from distinct time periods, from the Dutch Colonial Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House in Brooklyn, the oldest section of which dates to 1656, to the modern One World Trade Center, the skyscraper at Ground Zero in Lower Manhattan and the most expensive office tower in the world by construction cost. Manhattan's skyline, with its many skyscrapers, is universally recognized, and the city has been home to several of the tallest buildings in the world. , New York City had 6,455 high-rise buildings, the third most in world after Hong Kong and Seoul.


Context: The River Thames.

Context: what is the significance of the race?

Context: who sponsors these races?

Context: In 2013 the sponsor was BNY Mellon.

Context: Yes, in the 1912 race.

Context: No.

Context: what business does the sponsor do?

Context: Investment banking services.

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: New York City.

Context: any famous architectures seen there?

Context: Manhattan's skyline and Woolworth Building.

Question: what are the notable features of the former?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

New York City [SEP] Architecture


Context: The River Thames.

Context: what is the significance of the race?

Context: who sponsors these races?

Context: In 2013 the sponsor was BNY Mellon.

Context: Yes, in the 1912 race.

Context: No.

Context: what business does the sponsor do?

Context: Investment banking services.

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: New York City.

Context: any famous architectures seen there?

Context: what are the notable features of the former?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: are there any famous institutions to carry out research?

Answer: Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, Rockefeller University and SUNY Downstate Medical Center.

New York City [SEP] Higher education and research

Much of the scientific research in the city is done in medicine and the life sciences. New York City has the most postgraduate life sciences degrees awarded annually in the United States, with 127 Nobel laureates having roots in local institutions ; while in 2012, 43,523 licensed physicians were practicing in New York City. Major biomedical research institutions include Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, Rockefeller University, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and Weill Cornell Medical College, being joined by the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology venture on Roosevelt Island. The graduates of SUNY Maritime College in the Bronx earned the highest average annual salary of any university graduates in the United States, $144,000 as of 2017.


Question: who plays the senator in planet of the apes

Answer: David Warner

Explanation: David Warner

Planet of the Apes (2001 film) [SEP] Cast

Small roles include David Warner (Senator Sandar), Lisa Marie (Nova), Erick Avari (Tival), Luke Eberl (Birn), Evan Parke (Gunnar), Glenn Shadix (Senator Nado), Freda Foh Shen (Bon), Chris Ellis (Lt. Karl Vasich) and Anne Ramsay (Lt. Col. Grace Alexander), Kam Heskin (Friend at Leo's Party). There are also cameo appearances by Charlton Heston (uncredited) as Zaius, Thade's father, and Linda Harrison (the woman in the cart). Both participated in the first two films in the original series, "Planet of the Apes" (1968) and "Beneath the Planet of the Apes" (1970) as George Taylor and Nova, respectively.


Context: who plays the senator in planet of the apes

Context: David Warner

Question: who is the director of this film?

Answer: Tim Burton

Explanation: Tim Burton

Planet of the Apes (2001 film) [SEP] Introduction

Planet of the Apes is a 2001 American science fiction film directed by Tim Burton and starring Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, and Estella Warren. The sixth film in the "Planet of the Apes" franchise, it was loosely adapted from Pierre Boulle's 1963 novel of the same name and the 1968 film version. It tells the story of astronaut Leo Davidson crash-landing on a planet inhabited by intelligent apes. The apes treat humans as slaves, but with the help of an ape named Ari, Leo starts a rebellion. Development for a "Planet of the Apes" remake started as far back as 1988 with Adam Rifkin.


Context: David Warner

Context: who is the director of this film?

Context: Tim Burton

Question: where is he from?

Answer: Burbank, California

Explanation: Burbank, California

Tim Burton [SEP] Early life

Burton was born in 1958, in Burbank, California, the son of Jean Burton (née Erickson) (1933-2002), later the owner of a cat-themed gift shop, and William "Bill" Burton (1930-2000), a former minor league baseball player who was working for the Burbank Parks and Recreation Department. As a preteen, Burton would make short films in his backyard on Evergreen Street using crude stop motion animation techniques or shooting on 8 mm film without sound (one of his oldest known juvenile films is "The Island of Doctor Agor", which he made when he was 13 years old). Burton attended Providencia Elementary School in Burbank.


Context: David Warner

Context: who is the director of this film?

Context: Tim Burton

Context: where is he from?

Context: Burbank, California

Question: can you name some other films that he has directed?

Answer: "Pee-wee's Big Adventure", "Batman", "Beetlejuice"

Tim Burton [SEP] Introduction

Timothy Walter Burton (born August 25, 1958) is an American filmmaker, animator, and artist. He is best known for his gothic fantasy and horror films such as "Beetlejuice" (1988), "Edward Scissorhands" (1990), "The Nightmare Before Christmas" (1993), "Ed Wood" (1994), "Sleepy Hollow" (1999), "Corpse Bride" (2005), "" (2007), "Dark Shadows" (2012), and "Frankenweenie" (2012). He has directed blockbuster films, such as the adventure-comedy "Pee-wee's Big Adventure" (1985), the superhero films "Batman" (1989) and "Batman Returns" (1992), the sci-fi film "Planet of the Apes" (2001), the fantasy-drama "Big Fish" (2003), the musical adventure film "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" (2005), the fantasy film "Alice in Wonderland" (2010), and the film adaptation of "Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children" (2016).


Context: David Warner

Context: who is the director of this film?

Context: Tim Burton

Context: where is he from?

Context: Burbank, California

Context: can you name some other films that he has directed?

Context: "Pee-wee's Big Adventure", "Batman", "Beetlejuice"

Question: has he won any awards?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Tim Burton [SEP] Introduction


Question: when gene flow occurs it’s effect is the opposite of genetic drift because

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Genetic drift [SEP] Introduction

Genetic drift (also known as allelic drift or the Sewall Wright effect) is the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling of organisms. The alleles in the offspring are a sample of those in the parents, and chance has a role in determining whether a given individual survives and reproduces. A population's allele frequency is the fraction of the copies of one gene that share a particular form. Genetic drift may cause gene variants to disappear completely and thereby reduce genetic variation. It can also cause initially rare alleles to become much more frequent and even fixed.


Context: when gene flow occurs it’s effect is the opposite of genetic drift because

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who was the first to do a study on this subject?

Answer: Ronald Fisher

Genetic drift [SEP] Introduction

When there are few copies of an allele, the effect of genetic drift is larger, and when there are many copies the effect is smaller. In the middle of the 20th century, vigorous debates occurred over the relative importance of natural selection versus neutral processes, including genetic drift. Ronald Fisher, who explained natural selection using Mendelian genetics, held the view that genetic drift plays at the most a minor role in evolution, and this remained the dominant view for several decades. In 1968, population geneticist Motoo Kimura rekindled the debate with his neutral theory of molecular evolution, which claims that most instances where a genetic change spreads across a population (although not necessarily changes in phenotypes) are caused by genetic drift acting on neutral mutations.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who was the first to do a study on this subject?

Context: Ronald Fisher

Question: who was he?

Answer: He was a British statistician, geneticist, eugenicist, and professor

Explanation: Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher (17 February 1890 – 29 July 1962) was a British statistician, geneticist, eugenicist, and professor. For his work in statistics, he has been described as "a genius who almost si

Ronald Fisher [SEP] Introduction

Fisher held strong views on race. Notably, he was a dissenting voice in the 1950 UNESCO statement "The Race Question", insisting on racial differences. From 1919 onward, he worked at the Rothamsted Experimental Station for 14 years; there, he analysed its immense data from crop experiments since the 1840s, and developed the analysis of variance (ANOVA). He established his reputation there in the following years as a biostatistician.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Ronald Fisher

Context: who was he?

Context: He was a British statistician, geneticist, eugenicist, and professor

Question: where did he start his profession?

Answer: He worked for six years as a statistician in the City of London and taught physics and maths at a sequence of public schools, at the Thames Nautical Training College, and at Bradfield College

Ronald Fisher [SEP] Career

During 1913–1919, Fisher worked for six years as a statistician in the City of London and taught physics and maths at a sequence of public schools, at the Thames Nautical Training College, and at Bradfield College. There he settled with his new bride, Eileen Guinness, with whom he had two sons and six daughters. In 1918 he published "The Correlation Between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance", in which he introduced the term variance and proposed its formal analysis. He put forward a genetics conceptual model showing that continuous variation amongst phenotypic traits measured by biostatisticians could be produced by the combined action of many discrete genes and thus be the result of Mendelian inheritance.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Ronald Fisher

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he start his profession?

Context: He worked for six years as a statistician in the City of London and taught physics and maths at a sequence of public schools, at the Thames Nautical Training College, and at Bradfield College

Question: did he publish any books or papers in his lifetime?

Answer: In 1918 he published "The Correlation Between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance", in which he introduced the term variance and proposed its formal analysis

Explanation: In 1918 he published "The Correlation Between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance", in which he introduced the term variance and proposed its formal analysi

Ronald Fisher [SEP] Career


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Ronald Fisher

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he start his profession?

Context: did he publish any books or papers in his lifetime?

Context: In 1918 he published "The Correlation Between Relatives on the Supposition of Mendelian Inheritance", in which he introduced the term variance and proposed its formal analysis

Question: any renowned appreciation received by him?

Answer: He was elected to the Royal Society in 1929. He was made a Knight Bachelor by Queen Elizabeth II in 1952 and awarded the Linnean Society of London Darwin–Wallace Medal in 1958

Ronald Fisher [SEP] Recognition

Fisher was elected to the Royal Society in 1929. He was made a Knight Bachelor by Queen Elizabeth II in 1952 and awarded the Linnean Society of London Darwin–Wallace Medal in 1958. He won the Copley Medal and the Royal Medal. He was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1924 in Toronto and in 1928 in Bologna. In 1950, Maurice Wilkes and David Wheeler used the Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator to solve a differential equation relating to gene frequencies in a paper by Ronald Fisher. This represents the first use of a computer for a problem in the field of biology.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Ronald Fisher

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he start his profession?

Context: any renowned appreciation received by him?

Context: He was elected to the Royal Society in 1929. He was made a Knight Bachelor by Queen Elizabeth II in 1952 and awarded the Linnean Society of London Darwin–Wallace Medal in 1958

Question: what is the former title?

Answer: It is the basic rank granted to a man who has been knighted by the monarch but not inducted as a member of one of the organised orders of chivalry

Knight Bachelor [SEP] Introduction

The title of Knight Bachelor is the basic rank granted to a man who has been knighted by the monarch but not inducted as a member of one of the organised orders of chivalry; it is a part of the British honours system. Knights Bachelor are the most ancient sort of British knight (the rank existed during the 13th-century reign of King Henry III), but Knights Bachelor rank below knights of chivalric orders. A man who is knighted is formally addressed as "Sir".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Ronald Fisher

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he start his profession?

Context: what is the former title?

Context: It is the basic rank granted to a man who has been knighted by the monarch but not inducted as a member of one of the organised orders of chivalry

Question: what are the norms to meet, for getting this title?

Answer: It is usually conferred for public service and who have made achievements  in entertainment

Explanation: Knighthood is usually conferred for public service; amongst its recipients are all male judges of Her Majesty's High Court of Justice in England. It is possible to be a Knight Bachelor and a junior member of an order of chivalry without being a knight of that order; this situation has become rather common, especially among those recognised for achievements in entertainment. For instance, Sir Michael Gambon, Sir Derek Jacobi, Sir Anthony Hopkins, Sir Elton John, Sir Peter Stearns, Sir Michael Caine, Sir Barry Gibb and Sir Ian McKellen are Commanders of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBEs); Sir Patrick Stewart, Sir Tom Jones and Sir Van Morrison are Officers of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBEs); while Sir Paul McCartney and Sir Richard Starkey (Ringo Starr) are Members of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (MBE). None of them would be entitled to use the honorific "Sir" by virtue of their membership of the order alone, but as they are all

Knight Bachelor [SEP] Criteria


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Ronald Fisher

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he start his profession?

Context: what is the former title?

Context: what are the norms to meet, for getting this title?

Context: It is usually conferred for public service and who have made achievements  in entertainment

Question: where was the aforementioned scientist born?

Answer: East Finchley in London, England

Ronald Fisher [SEP] Early life and education

Fisher was born in East Finchley in London, England, into a middle-class household; his father, George, was a successful partner in Robinson & Fisher, auctioneers and fine art dealers. He was one of twins, with the other twin being still-born and grew up the youngest, with three sisters and one brother. From 1896 until 1904 they lived at Inverforth House in London, where English Heritage installed a blue plaque in 2002, before moving to Streatham. His mother, Kate, died from acute peritonitis when he was 14, and his father lost his business 18 months later. Lifelong poor eyesight caused his rejection by the British Army for World War I, but also developed his ability to visualize problems in geometrical terms, not in writing mathematical solutions, or proofs.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Ronald Fisher

Context: who was he?

Context: where did he start his profession?

Context: what is the former title?

Context: where was the aforementioned scientist born?

Context: East Finchley in London, England

Question: can you name a few more people who were conferred with the "knight" title?

Answer: Sir Anthony Hopkins, Sir Elton John, Sir Peter Stearns

Knight Bachelor [SEP] Criteria


Question: who had a cousin who was a strong supporter for independence

Answer: John C. Calhoun

Explanation: Calhoun

John C. Calhoun [SEP] Personal life

In January 1811, Calhoun married Floride Bonneau Colhoun, a first cousin once removed. She was the daughter of wealthy United States Senator and lawyer John E. Colhoun, a leader of Charleston high society. The couple had 10 children over 18 years: Andrew Pickens Calhoun, Floride Pure, Jane, Anna Maria, Elizabeth, Patrick, John Caldwell Jr., Martha Cornelia, James Edward, and William Lowndes Calhoun. Three girls: Floride Pure, Jane, and Elizabeth, died in infancy. Calhoun's fourth child, Anna Maria, married Thomas Green Clemson, who later founded Clemson University in South Carolina. Calhoun was not openly religious. He was raised as an orthodox Presbyterian, but he was attracted to Southern varieties of Unitarianism of the sort that attracted Jefferson.


Context: who had a cousin who was a strong supporter for independence

Context: John C. Calhoun

Question: who is he?

Answer: An American statesman and political theorist

John C. Calhoun [SEP] Introduction

John Caldwell Calhoun (; March 18, 1782March 31, 1850) was an American statesman and political theorist from South Carolina who served in many important positions including as the seventh vice president of the United States from 1825 to 1832. He is remembered for strongly defending slavery and for advancing the concept of minority states' rights in politics. He did this in the context of protecting the interests of the white South when its residents were outnumbered by Northerners. He began his political career as a nationalist, modernizer, and proponent of a strong national government and protective tariffs. In the late 1820s, his views changed radically, and he became a leading proponent of states' rights, limited government, nullification, and opposition to high tariffs.


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: An American statesman and political theorist

Question: what was his role in the politics?

Answer: He began his political career as a nationalist, modernizer, and proponent of a strong national government and protective tariffs.

Explanation: He began his political career as a nationalist, modernizer, and proponent of a strong national government and protective tariffs.

John C. Calhoun [SEP] Introduction


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: He began his political career as a nationalist, modernizer, and proponent of a strong national government and protective tariffs.

Question: was he involved in any war?

Answer: Yes, the War of 1812

Explanation: War of 1812

John C. Calhoun [SEP] Introduction

He saw Northern acceptance of those policies as a condition of the South remaining in the Union. His beliefs and warnings heavily influenced the South's secession from the Union in 1860–1861. Calhoun began his political career with election to the House of Representatives in 1810. As a prominent leader of the war hawk faction, Calhoun strongly supported the War of 1812 to defend American honor against British infractions of American independence and neutrality during the Napoleonic Wars. He served as Secretary of War under President James Monroe and, in that position, reorganized and modernized the War Department. Calhoun was a candidate for the presidency in the 1824 election.


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Question: who was this war fought between?

Answer: The United States and its allies, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and its allies.

War of 1812 [SEP] Introduction

The War of 1812 was a conflict fought between the United States and its allies, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and its allies. It began when the United States declared war in June 1812 and ended in a stalemate when a peace treaty agreed to earlier was ratified by the United States in February 1815. While the war ended in a draw, both sides were happy with the outcome that saw the war ending, although indigenous nations are generally seen among historians as the real losers. Historians in Britain often see it as a minor theatre of the Napoleonic Wars while historians in Canada and the United States see it as a war in its own right.


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Context: who was this war fought between?

Context: The United States and its allies, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and its allies.

Question: when was this war declared?

Answer: In June 1812

Explanation: United States declared war in June 1812

War of 1812 [SEP] Introduction


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Context: who was this war fought between?

Context: when was this war declared?

Context: In June 1812

Question: who declared it?

Answer: The United States

Explanation: the United States

War of 1812 [SEP] Introduction


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Context: who was this war fought between?

Context: when was this war declared?

Context: In June 1812

Context: who declared it?

Context: The United States

Question: did any campaign take place during this war?

Answer: Yes, to defend the Chesapeake Bay, Chesapeake Campaign

War of 1812 [SEP] Chesapeake campaign and "The Star-Spangled Banner"

The strategic location of the Chesapeake Bay near the Potomac River made it a prime target for the British. Starting in March 1813, a squadron under Rear Admiral George Cockburn started a blockade of the mouth of the Bay at Hampton Roads harbour and raided towns along the Bay from Norfolk, Virginia to Havre de Grace, Maryland. On 4 July 1813, Commodore Joshua Barney, a Revolutionary War naval hero, convinced the Navy Department to build the Chesapeake Bay Flotilla, a squadron of twenty barges powered by small sails or oars (sweeps) to defend the Chesapeake Bay. Launched in April 1814, the squadron was quickly cornered on the Patuxent River.


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Context: who was this war fought between?

Context: when was this war declared?

Context: In June 1812

Context: who declared it?

Context: The United States

Context: did any campaign take place during this war?

Context: Yes, to defend the Chesapeake Bay, Chesapeake Campaign

Question: who were the settlers at this bay?

Answer: English colonists under Sir Walter Raleigh and Humphrey Gilbert settled here

Chesapeake Bay [SEP] European exploration and settlement

Mary") or "Bahía de Madre de Dios."("Bay of the Mother of God") De Ayllón established a short-lived Spanish mission settlement, San Miguel de Gualdape, in 1526 along the Atlantic coast. Many scholars doubt the assertion that it was as far north as the Chesapeake; most place it in present-day Georgia's Sapelo Island. In 1573, Pedro Menéndez de Márquez, the governor of Spanish Florida, conducted further exploration of the Chesapeake. In 1570, Spanish Jesuits established the short-lived Ajacan Mission on one of the Chesapeake tributaries in present-day Virginia. The arrival of English colonists under Sir Walter Raleigh and Humphrey Gilbert in the late 16th century to found a colony, later settled at Roanoke Island (off the present-day coast of North Carolina) for the Virginia Company, marked the first time that the English approached the gates to the Chesapeake Bay between the capes of Cape Charles and Cape Henry.


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Context: who was this war fought between?

Context: when was this war declared?

Context: In June 1812

Context: who declared it?

Context: The United States

Context: who were the settlers at this bay?

Context: English colonists under Sir Walter Raleigh and Humphrey Gilbert settled here

Question: who is the second person?

Answer: He was an adventurer, explorer, member of parliament and soldier

Humphrey Gilbert [SEP] Introduction

Sir Humphrey Gilbert (c. 1539 – 9 September 1583) of Compton in the parish of Marldon and of Greenway in the parish of Churston Ferrers, both in Devon, England, was an adventurer, explorer, member of parliament and soldier who served during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I and was a pioneer of the English colonial empire in North America and the Plantations of Ireland. He was a maternal half-brother of Sir Walter Raleigh and a cousin of Sir Richard Grenville.


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Context: who was this war fought between?

Context: when was this war declared?

Context: In June 1812

Context: who declared it?

Context: The United States

Context: who were the settlers at this bay?

Context: who is the second person?

Context: He was an adventurer, explorer, member of parliament and soldier

Question: was he a part of military?

Answer: Yes, he was part of Irish military forces

Humphrey Gilbert [SEP] Military career in Ireland

Gilbert was eager to participate and after Carew's seizure of the barony of Idrone (in modern County Carlow) in the summer of 1569 he pushed westward with his forces across the River Blackwater and joined up with his kinsman to defeat Sir Edmund Butler, the Earl of Ormond's younger brother. Violence spread in a confusion from Leinster and across the province of Munster, when the Geraldines of Desmond, led by James FitzMaurice FitzGerald, rose against the incursion. Gilbert was then created Colonel by Lord Deputy Sidney and was charged with the pursuit of FitzGerald. The Geraldines were driven out of Kilmallock, but returned to lay siege to Gilbert, who drove off their superior force in a sally during which his horse was shot from under him and his buckler transfixed with a spear.


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Context: who was this war fought between?

Context: when was this war declared?

Context: In June 1812

Context: who declared it?

Context: The United States

Context: who were the settlers at this bay?

Context: who is the second person?

Context: was he a part of military?

Context: Yes, he was part of Irish military forces

Question: what was his role in the parliament?

Answer: Controversially he argued in favour of the crown prerogative in the matter of royal licenses for purveyance

Humphrey Gilbert [SEP] Member of Parliament and adventurer

In 1570 Gilbert returned to England, where he married Anne Ager, daughter of John Ager ("alias" Aucher, etc.) of Otterden, who would bear him six sons and one daughter. In 1571 he was elected to the Parliament of England as a Member of Parliament for Plymouth, Devon, and in 1572 for Queenborough. Controversially he argued in favour of the crown prerogative in the matter of royal licenses for purveyance. In business affairs, he involved himself in an alchemical project with Smith, hoping for iron to be transmuted into copper and antimony, and lead into mercury. By 1572 Gilbert had turned his attention to the Spanish Netherlands, where he fought an unsuccessful campaign in support of the Dutch Sea beggars at the head of a force of 1,500 men, many of whom had deserted from Smith's aborted plantation in the Ards of Ulster.


Context: John C. Calhoun

Context: who is he?

Context: what was his role in the politics?

Context: was he involved in any war?

Context: Yes, the War of 1812

Context: who was this war fought between?

Context: when was this war declared?

Context: In June 1812

Context: who declared it?

Context: The United States

Context: who were the settlers at this bay?

Context: who is the second person?

Context: was he a part of military?

Context: what was his role in the parliament?

Context: Controversially he argued in favour of the crown prerogative in the matter of royal licenses for purveyance

Question: were there any slaves involved in the aforementioned war?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: what country casablanca and marrakech are located in

Answer: Kingdom of Morocco

Marrakesh [SEP] Introduction

Marrakesh ( or ; ; ) is the fourth largest city in the Kingdom of Morocco. It is the capital of the mid-southwestern region of Marrakesh-Safi. It is west of the foothills of the Atlas Mountains. Marrakesh is southwest of Tangier, southwest of the Moroccan capital of Rabat, south of Casablanca, and northeast of Agadir. The region has been inhabited by Berber farmers since Neolithic times. The city was founded in 1070 by Emir Abu Bakr ibn Umar as the imperial capital of the Almoravid Empire. The city was one of Morocco's four imperial cities. In the 12th century, the Almoravids built many madrasas (Quranic schools) and mosques in Marrakesh that bear Andalusian influences.


Context: what country casablanca and marrakech are located in

Context: Kingdom of Morocco

Question: where did the second mentioned place get the name from?

Answer: One possible origin of the name Marrakesh is from the Berber words "amur and akush", which means "Land of God".

Marrakesh [SEP] Etymology

The exact meaning of the name is debated. One possible origin of the name Marrakesh is from the Berber (Amazigh) words "amur (n) akush" (ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴽⵓⵛ), which means "Land of God". According to historian Susan Searight, however, the town's name was first documented in an 11th-century manuscript in the Qarawiyyin library in Fez, where its meaning was given as "country of the sons of Kush". The word "mur" is used now in Berber mostly in the feminine form "tamurt". The same word "mur" appears in Mauretania, the North African kingdom from antiquity, although the link remains controversial as this name possibly originates from μαύρος "mavros", the ancient Greek word for black.


Context: Kingdom of Morocco

Context: where did the second mentioned place get the name from?

Context: One possible origin of the name Marrakesh is from the Berber words "amur and akush", which means "Land of God".

Question: does it have any palace in it?

Answer: Yes, the main palaces are El Badi Palace, the Royal Palace and Bahia Palace.

Marrakesh [SEP] Palaces and Riads

The historic wealth of the city is manifested in palaces, mansions and other lavish residences. The main palaces are El Badi Palace, the Royal Palace and Bahia Palace. "Riads" (Moroccan mansions) are common in Marrakesh. Based on the design of the Roman villa, they are characterized by an open central garden courtyard surrounded by high walls. This construction provided the occupants with privacy and lowered the temperature within the building. Buildings of note inside the Medina are Riad Argana, Riad Obry, Riad Enija, Riad el Mezouar, Riad Frans Ankone, Dar Moussaine, Riad Lotus, Riad Elixir, Riad les Bougainvilliers, Riad Dar Foundouk, Dar Marzotto, Dar Darma, and Riad Pinco Pallino.


Context: Kingdom of Morocco

Context: does it have any palace in it?

Context: Yes, the main palaces are El Badi Palace, the Royal Palace and Bahia Palace.

Question: when was the first one constructed?

Answer: The construction work began in December 1578 and took 15 years for completion.

El Badi Palace [SEP] Construction

According to al-Ifrani, construction of the palace began in December 1578 (Shawwal 986 AH), only a few months after the Saadian victory at the Battle of the Three Kings and Ahmad's accession to power, and took fifteen years, finishing in 1593 (1002 AH). French historian Gaston Deverdun, however, points out that the "Portuguese plan" of 1585 (an illustrated document providing important information on the layout of Marrakesh's kasbah at the time) shows us a fully-completed palace, while at the same time there also exist records of Ahmad al-Mansur purchasing marble for construction up until 1602, a year before his death.


Context: Kingdom of Morocco

Context: does it have any palace in it?

Context: when was the first one constructed?

Context: The construction work began in December 1578 and took 15 years for completion.

Question: who built it?

Answer: Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur al-Dhahabi

Explanation: The El Badi Palace proper, however, was constructed by Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur al-Dhahabi (ruled 1578-1603) at the height of the Saadian dynasty's power.

El Badi Palace [SEP] Background

The palace's construction, along with al-Mansur's other projects, was probably funded by the substantial ransom paid by the Portuguese after the Battle of the Three Kings in 1578. The wealth of al-Mansur's reign was also due to the Saadians' control of the sugar trade. Morocco was at that time a significant exporter of sugar towards Europe, along with other products such as silk, copper, and leather. In 1590 al-Mansur launched military expeditions to the south which resulted in the conquest of Timbuktu and Gao in Mali and the defeat of the Songhai Empire. This control of the trans-Saharan trade routes allowed al-Mansur to increase Morocco's access not only to gold but also to slaves – on which the sugar processing industry relied and which were necessary to compete with the sugar trade coming from Brazil and the Caribbean (controlled by Europeans and also reliant on slaves).


Context: Kingdom of Morocco

Context: does it have any palace in it?

Context: when was the first one constructed?

Context: who built it?

Context: Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur al-Dhahabi

Question: what kinds of sports are encouraged there in the place we were talking about?

Answer: Football, Golf and Tennis are some of the sports.

Explanation:
Football clubs based in Marrakesh include Najm de Marrakech, KAC Marrakech, Mouloudia de Marrakech and Chez Ali Club de Marrakech. The city contains the Circuit International Automobile Moulay El Hassan a race track which hosts the World Touring Car Championship and from 2017 FIA Formula E. The Marrakech Marathon is also held here. Roughly 5000 runners turn out for the event annually.
Also, here takes place Grand Prix Hassan II tennis tournament (on clay) part of ATP World Tour series.

Golf is a popular sport in Marrakech. The city has three golf courses just outside the city limits and played almost through the year. The three main courses are the Golf de Amelikis on the road to Ourazazate, the Palmeraie Golf Palace near the Palmeraie, and the Royal Golf Club, the oldest of the three courses.

Marrakesh [SEP] Sports


Context: Kingdom of Morocco

Context: does it have any palace in it?

Context: when was the first one constructed?

Context: who built it?

Context: Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur al-Dhahabi

Context: what kinds of sports are encouraged there in the place we were talking about?

Context: Football, Golf and Tennis are some of the sports.

Question: where did the second game originate from?

Answer: The origin is debateable as the modern game of golf originated in 15th-century Scotland while research shows thats the sport goes back to the Roman game of paganica.

Golf [SEP] Origin and history

While the modern game of golf originated in 15th-century Scotland, the game's ancient origins are unclear and much debated. Some historians trace the sport back to the Roman game of paganica, in which participants used a bent stick to hit a stuffed leather ball. One theory asserts that paganica spread throughout Europe as the Romans conquered most of the continent, during the first century BC, and eventually evolved into the modern game. Others cite chuiwan (捶丸; "chui" means striking and "wan" means small ball) as the progenitor, a Chinese game played between the eighth and fourteenth centuries. A Ming Dynasty scroll by the artist Youqiu dating back to 1368 entitled "The Autumn Banquet" shows a member of the Chinese Imperial court swinging what appears to be a golf club at a small ball with the aim of sinking it into a hole.


Question: what happened to texas after it gained independence from mexico

Answer: Republic of Texas was established which was eventually annexed by the United States

Explanation: Only the province of Texas succeeded in breaking with Mexico, establishing the Republic of Texas, and eventually being annexed by the United States.

Texas Revolution [SEP] Introduction

Santa Anna led a larger force to San Antonio de Béxar (or Béxar), where his troops defeated the Texian garrison in the Battle of the Alamo, killing almost all of the defenders.


Context: what happened to texas after it gained independence from mexico

Context: Republic of Texas was established which was eventually annexed by the United States

Question: when did this revolution take place?

Answer: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Texas Revolution [SEP] Introduction

The Texas Revolution (October 2, 1835 – April 21, 1836) was a rebellion of colonists from the United States and Tejanos (Texas Mexicans) in putting up armed resistance to the centralist government of Mexico. While the uprising was part of a larger one, the Mexican Federalist War, that included other provinces opposed to the regime of President Antonio López de Santa Anna, the Mexican government believed the United States had instigated the Texas insurrection with the goal of annexation. The Mexican Congress passed the Tornel Decree, declaring that any foreigners fighting against Mexican troops "will be deemed pirates and dealt with as such, being citizens of no nation presently at war with the Republic and fighting under no recognized flag".


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Question: what was the aim of the convention of 1836?

Answer: Passing Texas Declaration of Independence

Texas Revolution [SEP] Texas Convention of 1836

The Convention of 1836 in Washington-on-the-Brazos on March 1 attracted 45 delegates, representing 21 municipalities. Within an hour of the convention's opening, George C. Childress submitted a proposed Texas Declaration of Independence, which passed overwhelmingly on March 2. On March 6, hours after the Alamo had fallen, Travis's final dispatch arrived. His distress was evident; delegate Robert Potter immediately moved that the convention be adjourned and all delegates join the army. Houston convinced the delegates to remain, and then left to take charge of the army. With the backing of the Convention, Houston was now commander-in-chief of all regular, volunteer, and militia forces in Texas.


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Context: what was the aim of the convention of 1836?

Context: Passing Texas Declaration of Independence

Question: when was this declaration signed?

Answer: March 2 1836

Explanation: Within an hour of the convention's opening, George C. Childress submitted a proposed Texas Declaration of Independence, which passed overwhelmingly on March 2.


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Context: when was this declaration signed?

Context: March 2 1836

Question: where was it signed?

Answer: Washington-on-the-Brazos

Explanation: The Convention of 1836 in Washington-on-the-Brazos on March 1 attracted 45 delegates, representing 21 municipalities.


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Context: when was this declaration signed?

Context: March 2 1836

Context: where was it signed?

Context: Washington-on-the-Brazos

Question: how many men signed this declaration?

Answer: Sixty

Texas Declaration of Independence [SEP] Signatories

Sixty men signed the Texas Declaration of Independence. Three of them were born in Mexico. Fifty-seven of the sixty moved to Texas from the United States. Fifty-nine of these men were delegates to the Convention, and one was the Convention Secretary, Herbert S. Kimble, who was not a delegate.


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Context: when was this declaration signed?

Context: March 2 1836

Context: where was it signed?

Context: Washington-on-the-Brazos

Context: how many men signed this declaration?

Context: Sixty

Question: can you mention any name?

Answer: Herbert S. Kimble

Explanation: and one was the Convention Secretary, Herbert S. Kimble, who was not a delegate.


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Context: when was this declaration signed?

Context: March 2 1836

Context: where was it signed?

Context: Washington-on-the-Brazos

Context: how many men signed this declaration?

Context: Sixty

Context: can you mention any name?

Context: Herbert S. Kimble

Question: can you mention any war that took place due to the revolution mentioned above?

Answer: Mexican Federalist War

Explanation: While the uprising was part of a larger one, the Mexican Federalist War, that included other provinces opposed to the regime of President Antonio López de Santa Anna,

Texas Revolution [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Context: when was this declaration signed?

Context: March 2 1836

Context: where was it signed?

Context: Washington-on-the-Brazos

Context: how many men signed this declaration?

Context: Sixty

Context: can you mention any name?

Context: Herbert S. Kimble

Context: can you mention any war that took place due to the revolution mentioned above?

Context: Mexican Federalist War

Question: alamo mission was commander by whom?

Answer: James C. Neill

Texas Revolution [SEP] Alamo

Fewer than 100 Texian soldiers remained at the Alamo Mission in Béxar, under the command of Colonel James C. Neill. Unable to spare the number of men necessary to mount a successful defense of the sprawling facility, in January Houston sent Bowie with 30 men to remove the artillery and destroy the complex. In a letter to Governor Smith, Bowie argued that "the salvation of Texas depends in great measure on keeping Béxar out of the hands of the enemy. It serves as the frontier picquet guard, and if it were in the possession of Santa Anna, there is no stronghold from which to repel him in his march towards the Sabine." The letter to Smith ended, "Colonel Neill and myself have come to the solemn resolution that we will rather die in these ditches than give it up to the enemy." Few reinforcements were authorized; cavalry officer William B.


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Context: when was this declaration signed?

Context: March 2 1836

Context: where was it signed?

Context: Washington-on-the-Brazos

Context: how many men signed this declaration?

Context: Sixty

Context: can you mention any name?

Context: Herbert S. Kimble

Context: Mexican Federalist War

Context: alamo mission was commander by whom?

Context: James C. Neill

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Rowan County, North Carolina

James C. Neill [SEP] Early life and career

James Clinton Neill was born in 1788 in Rowan County, North Carolina, the third child (and third son) of James Neill and Hannah Clayton Neill. William Clinton Neill (James Clinton's grandfather), was a captain in the American Revolution, who along with five of his sons, including James Clinton's father James, fought in the War for Independence. James Clinton's uncle, Lieutenant William Neill, was killed at the Battle of Ramsour's Mill. The Clinton middle name comes from both his paternal grandfather and grandmother, Captain William Clinton Neill and his wife Mary "Polly" Clinton Neill. By at least 1807, some members of the James Neill family had moved to south-central Tennessee, in and around Bedford and Marshall counties.


Context: when did this revolution take place?

Context: From October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836

Context: when was this declaration signed?

Context: March 2 1836

Context: where was it signed?

Context: Washington-on-the-Brazos

Context: how many men signed this declaration?

Context: Sixty

Context: can you mention any name?

Context: Herbert S. Kimble

Context: Mexican Federalist War

Context: alamo mission was commander by whom?

Context: James C. Neill

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rowan County, North Carolina

Question: any famed person from the place mentioned above?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: where did typhoon zola hit?

Answer: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Explanation: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Typhoon Zola [SEP] Introduction

Typhoon Zola struck Japan during August 1990. An area of disturbed weather developed during mid-August to the west of Guam. The disturbance developed into a tropical depression on August 16 while tracking eastward. Decreased wind shear aided in intensification, and it is estimated that the depression strengthened into a tropical storm on August 17. Continuing to intensify, Zola turned northwest in response to a subtropical ridge to its east before obtaining typhoon intensity on August 20. Typhoon Zola reached its peak intensity the next day. After weakening slightly, the storm moved ashore on Honshu. On August 23, the system transitioned into an extratropical cyclone over the Sea of Japan.


Context:
where did typhoon zola hit?
Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Question: where did it originate?

Answer: At the west of Guam

Explanation: west of Guam.

Typhoon Zola [SEP] Introduction


Context:
where did typhoon zola hit?
Typhoon Zola struck Japan
where did it originate?
At the west of Guam

Question: what was its impact?

Answer: It dropped heavy rainfall across much of the Japanese archipelago

Typhoon Zola [SEP] Impact

The typhoon dropped heavy rainfall across much of the Japanese archipelago. A peak rainfall total occurred of at Yanase Station. A peak hourly rainfall total of was observed in Miyagawa. Meanwhile, a peak daily precipitation total of fell in Motoyama. A wind gust of was recorded on Muroto. Near where the storm moved over Shikoku island, in Kōchi Prefecture, three people suffered injuries. Three homes were destroyed, with an additional thirty-five harmed. Roads were damaged in 368 locations. Throughout the prefecture, damage totaled ¥5.29 billion (US$36.7 million). Roads were harmed in one hundred twenty-seven locations while bridges sustained damage in four locations in Tokushima Prefecture.


Context: where did typhoon zola hit?

Context: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Context: where did it originate?

Context: At the west of Guam

Context: what was its impact?

Context: It dropped heavy rainfall across much of the Japanese archipelago

Question: which cities were hit?

Answer: Kōchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture

Explanation: Hiroshima Prefecture,

Typhoon Zola [SEP] Introduction

The typhoon dropped heavy rains across much of the Japanese archipelago. Near where the storm moved over ashore, in Kōchi Prefecture, three people were injured. Thirty-eight homes were damaged or destroyed. Further north, 7 people were injured in Hiroshima Prefecture, where 30 houses were damaged or destroyed, and 19 others were flooded. Power lines were cut in 84,000 locations and 2,100 ha (5,190 acres) of farmland were damaged in the prefecture. Nationwide, six people were killed while twenty-four others were hurt. A total 67 houses were destroyed while 420 others were flooded. A total of 16 ships and 4,560 acres (1,845 ha) of farmland were damaged.


Context: where did typhoon zola hit?

Context: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Context: where did it originate?

Context: At the west of Guam

Context: what was its impact?

Context: which cities were hit?

Context: Kōchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture

Question: what are the major economic contributors in the second place?

Answer: Automobiles and tourism

Hiroshima Prefecture [SEP] Economy

Hiroshima's main industries include automobiles (Mazda is headquartered there) and tourism in two World Heritage sites: the A-Bomb dome and Itsukushima Shrine. Components of the economy are primary industry, secondary industry, and tertiary industry, which compose 0.6%, 32.6%, and 66.2% in 2015. There is 0.6% of unclassified production. Value of production of manufacturing is 10,343 billion yen in 2016, which is the 10th largest in Japan. After 2012, production of manufacturing is continuously increasing in 2015.


Context: where did typhoon zola hit?

Context: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Context: where did it originate?

Context: At the west of Guam

Context: what was its impact?

Context: which cities were hit?

Context: Kōchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture

Context: what are the major economic contributors in the second place?

Context: Automobiles and tourism

Question: which are the notable geographical features of the place?

Answer: Most of the prefecture consists of mountains leading towards Shimane Prefecture; and rivers produce rich plains near the coast

Hiroshima Prefecture [SEP] Geography

Hiroshima prefecture lies in the middle of Japan . Most of the prefecture consists of mountains leading towards Shimane Prefecture; and rivers produce rich plains near the coast. The province faces Shikoku across the Seto Inland Sea. Hiroshima Bay opens on the Inland Sea. The prefecture also includes many small islands. The sheltered nature of the Inland Sea makes Hiroshima's climate very mild.


Context: where did typhoon zola hit?

Context: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Context: where did it originate?

Context: At the west of Guam

Context: what was its impact?

Context: which cities were hit?

Context: Kōchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture

Context: Automobiles and tourism

Context: which are the notable geographical features of the place?

Context: Most of the prefecture consists of mountains leading towards Shimane Prefecture; and rivers produce rich plains near the coast

Question: which rivers are there?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Hiroshima Prefecture [SEP] Geography


Context: where did typhoon zola hit?

Context: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Context: where did it originate?

Context: At the west of Guam

Context: what was its impact?

Context: which cities were hit?

Context: Kōchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture

Context: Automobiles and tourism

Context: which rivers are there?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the weather like in this country?

Answer: Is predominantly temperate but varies greatly from north to south

Japan [SEP] Climate

The climate of Japan is predominantly temperate but varies greatly from north to south. Japan's geographical features divide it into six principal climatic zones: Hokkaido, Sea of Japan, Central Highland, Seto Inland Sea, Pacific Ocean, and Ryukyu Islands. The northernmost zone, Hokkaido, has a humid continental climate with long, cold winters and very warm to cool summers. Precipitation is not heavy, but the islands usually develop deep snowbanks in the winter. In the Sea of Japan zone on Honshu's west coast, northwest winter winds bring heavy snowfall. In the summer, the region is cooler than the Pacific area, though it sometimes experiences extremely hot temperatures because of the foehn.


Context: where did typhoon zola hit?

Context: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Context: where did it originate?

Context: At the west of Guam

Context: what was its impact?

Context: which cities were hit?

Context: Kōchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture

Context: Automobiles and tourism

Context: which rivers are there?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the weather like in this country?

Context: Is predominantly temperate but varies greatly from north to south

Question: which animals are found there?

Answer: The brown bear, the Japanese macaque, the Japanese raccoon dog

Japan [SEP] Biodiversity

Japan has nine forest ecoregions which reflect the climate and geography of the islands. They range from subtropical moist broadleaf forests in the Ryūkyū and Bonin Islands, to temperate broadleaf and mixed forests in the mild climate regions of the main islands, to temperate coniferous forests in the cold, winter portions of the northern islands. Japan has over 90,000 species of wildlife, including the brown bear, the Japanese macaque, the Japanese raccoon dog, the large Japanese field mouse, and the Japanese giant salamander. A large network of national parks has been established to protect important areas of flora and fauna as well as 37 Ramsar wetland sites.


Context: where did typhoon zola hit?

Context: Typhoon Zola struck Japan

Context: where did it originate?

Context: At the west of Guam

Context: what was its impact?

Context: which cities were hit?

Context: Kōchi Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture

Context: Automobiles and tourism

Context: which rivers are there?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which animals are found there?

Context: The brown bear, the Japanese macaque, the Japanese raccoon dog

Question: does the third animal find any place in the folklore?

Answer: The Japanese racoon dog or the "tanuki" has a long history in Japanese legend and folklore.

Explanation: The "tanuki" has a long history in Japanese legend and folklore. "Bake-danuki" () are a kind of "tanuki yōkai" (supernatural beings) found in the classics and in the folklore and legends of various places in Japan.

Japanese raccoon dog [SEP] In folklore and tradition

Bake-danuki subsequently appear in such classics as the Nihon Ryōiki and the Uji Shūi Monogatari. In some regions of Japan, "bake-danuki" are reputed to have abilities similar to those attributed to "kitsune" (foxes): they can shapeshift into other things or people, and can possess human beings. Many legends of "tanuki" exist in the Sado Islands of Niigata Prefecture and in Shikoku, and among them, like the Danzaburou-danuki of Sado, the Kinchō-tanuki and Rokuemon-tanuki of Awa Province (Tokushima Prefecture), and the Yashima no Hage-tanuki of Kagawa Prefecture, the "tanuki" that possessed special abilities were given names, and even became the subject of rituals.


Question: explain why iv infusion of medication is the most dangerous method to administer medication

Answer: One of the reason is that the placement of an intravenous line requires breaking the skin and there is a risk of infection.

Intravenous therapy [SEP] Infection and inflammation

As placement of an intravenous line requires breaking the skin, there is a risk of infection. Skin-dwelling organisms such as coagulase-negative staphylococcus or "Candida albicans" may enter through the insertion site around the catheter, or bacteria may be accidentally introduced inside the catheter from contaminated equipment. Infection of an IV access site is usually local, causing easily visible swelling, redness, and fever. However, pathogens may also enter the bloodstream, causing an infection called sepsis which can be sudden and life-threatening. A central IV line poses a higher risk of sepsis, as it can deliver bacteria directly into the central circulation.


Context: explain why iv infusion of medication is the most dangerous method to administer medication

Context: One of the reason is that the placement of an intravenous line requires breaking the skin and there is a risk of infection.

Question: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Answer: It is a medical technique that delivers a liquid directly into a person's vein.

Intravenous therapy [SEP] Introduction

Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that delivers a liquid directly into a person's vein. The intravenous route of administration is commonly used for rehydration solutions or to provide nutrition in those who cannot consume food or water by mouth. It may also be used to administer medications or other medical therapy such as blood products or electrolytes to correct electrolyte imbalances. Intravenous therapy has been attempted since the 1400s, but did not become widespread until the 1900s and the development of techniques for safe, effective use. The intravenous route is the fastest way to deliver medications and fluid replacement throughout the body as they are introduced directly into the circulatory system and thus quickly distributed throughout the body.


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: It is a medical technique that delivers a liquid directly into a person's vein.

Question: when was this used first in the past?

Answer: 1492

Intravenous therapy [SEP] History

The first recorded attempt at administering a therapeutic substance via IV injection was in 1492, when Pope Innocent VIII fell ill and was administered blood from healthy individuals. The treatment did not work and resulted in the death of the pope and donors. There was virtually no success with any attempts at injection therapy until the 1800s, when in 1831 Thomas Latta studied the use of IV fluid replacements for cholera treatment. The first solutions which saw widespread use for IV injections were simple "saline-like solutions", which were followed by experiments with various other liquids, including milk, sugar, honey, and egg yolk.


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: when was this used first in the past?

Question: what was the reason to use it?

Answer: When Pope Innocent VIII fell ill and was administered blood from healthy individuals.

Intravenous therapy [SEP] History


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: when was this used first in the past?

Context: what was the reason to use it?

Context: When Pope Innocent VIII fell ill and was administered blood from healthy individuals.

Question: who is this person mentioned above?

Answer: He was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States.

Pope Innocent VIII [SEP] Introduction

Pope Innocent VIII (; 1432 – 25 July 1492), born Giovanni Battista Cybo (or Cibo), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 August 1484 to his death. Son of the viceroy of Naples, Battista spent his early years at the Neapolitan court. He became a priest in the retinue of Cardinal Calandrini, half-brother to Pope Nicholas V (1447–55), Bishop of Savona under Pope Paul II, and with the support of Cardinal Giuliano Della Rovere. After intense politicking by Della Rovere, Cibo was elected pope in 1484. King Ferdinand I of Naples had supported Cybo's competitor, Rodrigo Borgia.


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: when was this used first in the past?

Context: what was the reason to use it?

Context: who is this person mentioned above?

Context: He was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States.

Question: which places fall under the latter mentioned body?

Answer: It covered most of the modern Italian regions of Lazio (which includes Rome), Marche, Umbria and Romagna, and portions of Emilia.

Explanation: At their zenith, the Papal States covered most of the modern Italian regions of Lazio (which includes Rome), Marche, Umbria and Romagna, and portions of Emilia.

Papal States [SEP] Introduction

These holdings were considered to be a manifestation of the temporal power of the pope, as opposed to his ecclesiastical primacy. By 1861, much of the Papal States' territory had been conquered by the Kingdom of Italy. Only Lazio, including Rome, remained under the pope's temporal control. In 1870, the pope lost Lazio and Rome and had no physical territory at all, except the Basilica of St Peter and the papal residence and related buildings around the Vatican quarter of Rome, which the new Italian state did not occupy militarily. In 1929 the Italian Fascist leader Benito Mussolini, the head of the Italian government, ended the "Prisoner in the Vatican" problem involving unified Italy and the Holy See by negotiating the Lateran Treaty, signed by the two parties.


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: when was this used first in the past?

Context: what was the reason to use it?

Context: who is this person mentioned above?

Context: which places fall under the latter mentioned body?

Context: It covered most of the modern Italian regions of Lazio (which includes Rome), Marche, Umbria and Romagna, and portions of Emilia.

Question: when is the above therapy used for feeding?

Answer: Parenteral nutrition is the act of providing required nutrients to a person through an intravenous line.

Intravenous therapy [SEP] Nutrition

Parenteral nutrition is the act of providing required nutrients to a person through an intravenous line. This is used in people who are unable to get nutrients normally, by eating and digesting food. A person receiving parenteral nutrition will be given an intravenous solution which may contain salts, dextrose, amino acids, lipids and vitamins. The exact formulation of a parenteral nutrition used will depend on the specific nutritional needs of the person it is being given to. If a person is only receiving nutrition intravenously, it is called total parenteral nutrition, whereas if a person is only receiving some of their nutrition intravenously it is called partial parenteral nutrition (or supplemental parenteral nutrition).


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: when was this used first in the past?

Context: what was the reason to use it?

Context: who is this person mentioned above?

Context: when is the above therapy used for feeding?

Context: Parenteral nutrition is the act of providing required nutrients to a person through an intravenous line.

Question: does it have any other use?

Answer: Yes, it is used in sports and hangover treatment.

Intravenous therapy [SEP] Use in sports

IV rehydration was formerly a common technique for athletes. The World Anti-Doping Agency prohibits intravenous injection of more than 100mL per 12 hours, except under a medical exemption. The United States Anti-Doping Agency notes that, as well as the dangers inherent in IV therapy, "IVs can be used to change blood test results (such as hematocrit where EPO or blood doping is being used), mask urine test results (by dilution) or by administering prohibited substances in a way that will more quickly be cleared from the body in order to beat an anti-doping test". Players suspended after attending "boutique IV clinics" which offer this sort of treatment include footballer Samir Nasri in 2017 and swimmer Ryan Lochte in 2018.


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: when was this used first in the past?

Context: what was the reason to use it?

Context: who is this person mentioned above?

Context: does it have any other use?

Context: Yes, it is used in sports and hangover treatment.

Question: what is the first body that the above mentioned person heads?

Answer: Sometimes referred to as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with approximately 1.3 billion baptised Catholics worldwide .

Explanation: The Catholic Church, sometimes referred to as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with approximately 1.3 billion baptised Catholics worldwide .

Catholic Church [SEP] Introduction

The Latin Church, the twenty-three Eastern Catholic Churches, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church. Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated in the Catholic Church as Mother of God and Queen of Heaven, honoured in dogmas and devotions. Its teaching includes Divine Mercy, sanctification through faith and evangelization of the Gospel as well as Catholic social teaching, which emphasises voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy.


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: when was this used first in the past?

Context: what was the reason to use it?

Context: who is this person mentioned above?

Context: does it have any other use?

Context: what is the first body that the above mentioned person heads?

Context: Sometimes referred to as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with approximately 1.3 billion baptised Catholics worldwide .

Question: who heads this body currently?

Answer: Pope Francis

Catholic Church [SEP] Pope Francis

Pope Francis, the current pope of the Catholic Church, succeeded Pope Benedict XVI in 2013 as the first pope from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, and the first Pope from outside Europe since the Syrian Gregory III, who reigned in the 8th century. Pope Francis has been noted for his humility, emphasis on God's mercy, concern for the poor and the environment, as well as his commitment to interfaith dialogue. He is credited with having a less formal approach to the papacy than his predecessors. Pope Francis is recognised for his efforts "to further close the nearly 1,000-year estrangement with the Orthodox Churches".


Context: what is the meaning of this therapy?

Context: when was this used first in the past?

Context: what was the reason to use it?

Context: who is this person mentioned above?

Context: does it have any other use?

Context: who heads this body currently?

Context: Pope Francis

Question: what is his birthdate?

Answer: 17 December 1936

Pope Francis [SEP] Introduction

Pope Francis (; ; ; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio, 17 December 1936) is the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State. Francis is the first Jesuit pope, the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, and the first pope from outside Europe since the Syrian Gregory III, who reigned in the 8th century. Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Bergoglio was ordained a Catholic priest in 1969, and from 1973 to 1979 was Argentina's provincial superior of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). He became the archbishop of Buenos Aires in 1998 and was created a cardinal in 2001 by Pope John Paul II.


Question: how does andy know bonnie in toy story 3

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Toy Story 3 [SEP] Introduction

Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American computer-animated comedy-drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's "Toy Story" series and the sequel to 1999's "Toy Story 2". It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of "Toy Story 2", written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively, director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and Andy's other remaining toys accidentally being donated to a day care center, while Andy, now 17 years old, is preparing to leave for college, and their ensuing race to get home before Andy leaves.


Context: how does andy know bonnie in toy story 3

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was this movie premiered?

Answer: June 12, 2010.

Toy Story 3 [SEP] Release

"Toy Story 3" had its worldwide premiere on June 12, 2010, opening at Taormina Film Fest in Italy. In the United States, it premiered on June 13, 2010, at El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California. El Capitan also hosted on June 17, 2010, a "Toy Story" marathon, showing for the first time all three "Toy Story" films together. The film went into its wide release on June 18, 2010, along with a release to IMAX 3D theaters. The film was theatrically accompanied with the Pixar short film "Day & Night", which focuses on what happens when an animated personification of Day meets his opposite, Night, and the resulting growth for both.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this movie premiered?

Context: June 12, 2010.

Question: what is its plot ?

Answer: It revolves around the life of Andy.

Explanation:
Andy is 17 years old and preparing to leave for college. He has not played with his toys for years, and most have gone, except for Woody, Buzz Lightyear, Jessie, Bullseye, Rex, Slinky, Hamm, Mr. and Mrs. Potato Head, the Aliens, and three toy soldiers. The despondent toys reflect on their future, and the soldiers parachute out the window and leave.

Andy intends to take Woody to college and puts the others into a trash bag to put them in the attic; however, Andy's mother mistakes the bag for trash and puts it on the curb. The toys narrowly escape and, believing Andy threw them away, get into a donation box in his mother's car with Molly's old Barbie doll, bound for Sunnyside Daycare. Woody follows, but is unable to convince them of Andy's real intentions, and goes along when Andy's mother drives to Sunnyside.

At Sunnyside, Andy's toys are welcomed by the other toys, led by Lots-O'-Huggin' Bear ("Lotso"). The toys (except Woody) are delighted to learn that Sunnyside never runs out of c

Toy Story 3 [SEP] Plot


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this movie premiered?

Context: June 12, 2010.

Context: what is its plot ?

Context: It revolves around the life of Andy.

Question: who gave the voice for andy?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Toy Story 3 [SEP] Plot


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this movie premiered?

Context: June 12, 2010.

Context: what is its plot ?

Context: It revolves around the life of Andy.

Context: who gave the voice for andy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who produced it?

Answer: Pixar Animation Studios.

Explanation: Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American computer-animated comedy-drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. I

Toy Story 3 [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this movie premiered?

Context: June 12, 2010.

Context: what is its plot ?

Context: It revolves around the life of Andy.

Context: who gave the voice for andy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who produced it?

Context: Pixar Animation Studios.

Question: who are the characters ?

Answer: Andy, Woody, Buzz Lightyear, Jessie, Bullseye, Rex, Slinky, Hamm, Mr. and Mrs. Potato Head, the Aliens, and three toy soldiers.

Explanation: Andy is 17 years old and preparing to leave for college. He has not played with his toys for years, and most have gone, except for Woody, Buzz Lightyear, Jessie, Bullseye, Rex, Slinky, Hamm, Mr. and Mrs. Potato Head, the Aliens, and three toy soldiers.

Toy Story 3 [SEP] Plot


Question: a medium of free floating positive and negative charges is called a(n)

Answer: Plasma

Explanation: Plasma is an electrically neutral medium of unbound positive and negative particles (i.e. the overall charge of a plasma is roughly zero). Although these particles are unbound, they are not "free" in the sense of not experiencing forces. Moving charged particles generate an electric current within a magnetic field, and any movement of a charged plasma particle affects and is affected by the fields created by the other charges. In turn this governs collective behaviour with many degrees of variation. Three factors define a plasma:

Plasma (physics) [SEP] Definition

Plasma is a state of matter in which an ionized gaseous substance becomes highly electrically conductive to the point that long-range electric and magnetic fields dominate the behaviour of the matter. The plasma state can be contrasted with the other states: solid, liquid, and gas. Plasma is an electrically neutral medium of unbound positive and negative particles (i.e. the overall charge of a plasma is roughly zero). Although these particles are unbound, they are not "free" in the sense of not experiencing forces. Moving charged particles generate an electric current within a magnetic field, and any movement of a charged plasma particle affects and is affected by the fields created by the other charges.


Context: a medium of free floating positive and negative charges is called a(n)

Context: Plasma

Question: what can you tell me about the physical properties of electron?

Answer: The electric charge is negative one elementary charge; its mass is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton; exhibit properties of both particles and waves: they can collide with other particles and can be diffracted like light.

Explanation: The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol or , whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure. The electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton. Quantum mechanical properties of the electron include an intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of a half-integer value, expressed in units of the reduced Planck constant, "ħ". Being fermions, no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state, in accordance with the Pauli exclusion principle. Like all elementary particles, electrons exhibit properties of both particles and waves: they can collide with other particles and can be diffracted like light. The wave properties of electrons are easier to observe with experiments than those of other particles like neutrons and protons because electrons have a lower mass and hence a longer de Bro

Electron [SEP] Introduction


Context: Plasma

Context: what can you tell me about the physical properties of electron?

Context: The electric charge is negative one elementary charge; its mass is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton; exhibit properties of both particles and waves: they can collide with other particles and can be diffracted like light.

Question: where can you see its use?

Answer: In the electron microscope; free-electron laser (FEL); cathode ray tubes; in welding;  Electron beam processing is used to irradiate materials in order to change their physical properties or sterilize medical and food products.

Explanation:
In the free-electron laser (FEL), a relativistic electron beam passes through a pair of undulators that contain arrays of dipole magnets whose fields point in alternating directions. The electrons emit synchrotron radiation that coherently interacts with the same electrons to strongly amplify the radiation field at the resonance frequency. FEL can emit a coherent high-brilliance electromagnetic radiation with a wide range of frequencies, from microwaves to soft X-rays. These devices are used in manufacturing, communication, and in medical applications, such as soft tissue surgery.

Electrons are important in cathode ray tubes, which have been extensively used as display devices in laboratory instruments, computer monitors and television sets. In a photomultiplier tube, every photon striking the photocathode initiates an avalanche of electrons that produces a detectable current pulse. Vacuum tubes use the flow of electrons to manipulate electrical signals, and they played a critical rol

Electron [SEP] Other applications


Context: Plasma

Context: where can you see its use?

Context: In the electron microscope; free-electron laser (FEL); cathode ray tubes; in welding;  Electron beam processing is used to irradiate materials in order to change their physical properties or sterilize medical and food products.

Question: were there any theories based on it?

Answer: Yes - experiments by physicists Ernest Rutherford, Henry Moseley, James Franck and Gustav Hertz had largely established the structure of an atom as a dense nucleus of positive charge surrounded by lower-mass electrons.

Explanation: By 1914, experiments by physicists Ernest Rutherford, Henry Moseley, James Franck and Gustav Hertz had largely established the structure of an atom as a dense nucleus of positive charge surrounded by lower-mass electrons. In 1913, Danish physicist Niels Bohr postulated that electrons resided in quantized energy states, with their energies determined by the angular momentum of the electron's orbit about the nucleus. The electrons could move between those states, or orbits, by the emission or absorption of photons of specific frequencies. By means of these quantized orbits, he accurately explained the spectral lines of the hydrogen atom. However, Bohr's model failed to account for the relative intensities of the spectral lines and it was unsuccessful in explaining the spectra of more complex atoms.

Electron [SEP] Atomic theory


Context: Plasma

Context: where can you see its use?

Context: were there any theories based on it?

Context: Yes - experiments by physicists Ernest Rutherford, Henry Moseley, James Franck and Gustav Hertz had largely established the structure of an atom as a dense nucleus of positive charge surrounded by lower-mass electrons.

Question: can you elaborate on the initial physicist's theory?

Answer: He formulated the Rutherford model of the atom in 1911 that a very small charged nucleus, containing much of the atom's mass, was orbited by low-mass electrons.

Ernest Rutherford [SEP] Gold foil experiment

Rutherford performed his most famous work after receiving the Nobel prize in 1908. Along with Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden in 1909, he carried out the Geiger–Marsden experiment, which demonstrated the nuclear nature of atoms by deflecting alpha particles passing through a thin gold foil. Rutherford was inspired to ask Geiger and Marsden in this experiment to look for alpha particles with very high deflection angles, of a type not expected from any theory of matter at that time. Such deflections, though rare, were found, and proved to be a smooth but high-order function of the deflection angle. It was Rutherford's interpretation of this data that led him to formulate the Rutherford model of the atom in 1911that a very small charged nucleus, containing much of the atom's mass, was orbited by low-mass electrons.


Context: Plasma

Context: where can you see its use?

Context: were there any theories based on it?

Context: can you elaborate on the initial physicist's theory?

Context: He formulated the Rutherford model of the atom in 1911 that a very small charged nucleus, containing much of the atom's mass, was orbited by low-mass electrons.

Question: when was this formulated?

Answer: 1911

Explanation: Rutherford presented his own physical model for subatomic structure, as an interpretation for the unexpected experimental results. In it, the atom is made up of a central charge (this is the modern atomic nucleus, though Rutherford did not use the term "nucleus" in his paper) surrounded by a cloud of (presumably) orbiting electrons. In this May 1911 paper, Rutherford only committed himself to a small central region of very high positive or negative charge in the atom.

Rutherford model [SEP] Experimental basis for the model

In this May 1911 paper, Rutherford only committed himself to a small central region of very high positive or negative charge in the atom. For concreteness, consider the passage of a high speed α particle through an atom having a positive central charge "N" "e", and surrounded by a compensating charge of "N" electrons. From purely energetic considerations of how far particles of known speed would be able to penetrate toward a central charge of 100 e, Rutherford was able to calculate that the radius of his gold central charge would need to be less (how much less could not be told) than 3.4 × 10 metres.


Context: Plasma

Context: where can you see its use?

Context: were there any theories based on it?

Context: when was this formulated?

Question: what can you tell me about the second physicist?

Answer: His contribution to physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number. This stemmed from his development of Moseley's law in X-ray spectra.

Explanation: Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (; 23 November 1887 – 10 August 1915) was an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number. This stemmed from his development of Moseley's law in X-ray spectra.

Henry Moseley [SEP] Introduction

This remains the accepted model today. When World War I broke out in Western Europe, Moseley left his research work at the University of Oxford behind to volunteer for the Royal Engineers of the British Army. Moseley was assigned to the force of British Empire soldiers that invaded the region of Gallipoli, Turkey, in April 1915, as a telecommunications officer. Moseley was shot and killed during the Battle of Gallipoli on 10 August 1915, at the age of 27. Experts have speculated that Moseley could otherwise have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1916.