Context: Scotland.

Context: who is this person?

Context: when did her coronation took place?

Context: 12 May, 1937.

Context: 12 May, 1937.

Context: how was her 100th birthday celebrated?

Context: Elizabeth's 100th birthday was celebrated in a number of ways: a parade that celebrated the highlights of her life included contributions from Sir Norman Wisdom and Sir John Mills; her image appeared on a special commemorative £20 note issued by the Royal Bank of Scotland; and she attended a lunch at the Guildhall, London, at which George Carey, the Archbishop of Canterbury, accidentally attempted to drink her glass of wine to name a few.

Question: how did she die?

Answer: died in her sleep at the Royal Lodge, Windsor Great Park, with her surviving daughter, Queen Elizabeth II, at her bedside. She had been suffering from a cold for the previous four months.

Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother [SEP] Death

On 30 March 2002, at 15:15 (GMT), Elizabeth died in her sleep at the Royal Lodge, Windsor Great Park, with her surviving daughter, Queen Elizabeth II, at her bedside. She had been suffering from a cold for the previous four months. At 101 years and 238 days old she was the longest-lived member of the royal family in British history. Her last surviving sister-in-law, Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, exceeded that, dying aged 102 on 29 October 2004. Elizabeth grew camellias in every one of her gardens, and before her flag-draped coffin was taken from Windsor to lie in state at Westminster Hall, an arrangement of camellias from her own gardens was placed on top.


Context: where did the queen mother live after the king died

Context: Scotland.

Context: who is this person?

Context: She was the wife of King George VI, and the mother of Queen Elizabeth II and Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon. She was queen of the United Kingdom and the Dominions from her husband's accession in 1936 until his death in 1952, after which she was known as Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, to avoid confusion with her daughter. She was the last empress of India.

Context: when did her coronation took place?

Context: 12 May, 1937.

Context: what are the notable events that too place during 1923-1936 as duchess of york?

Context: After a successful visit to Northern Ireland in July 1924, the Labour government agreed that Albert and Elizabeth could tour East Africa from December 1924 to April 1925. The Labour government was defeated by the Conservatives in a general election in November (which Elizabeth described as "marvellous" to her mother) and the Governor-General of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Sir Lee Stack, was assassinated three weeks later. Despite this, the tour went ahead, and they visited Aden, Kenya, Uganda, and Sudan, but Egypt was avoided because of political tensions. Albert had a stammer, which affected his ability to deliver speeches, and after October 1925, Elizabeth assisted in helping him through the therapy devised by Lionel Logue, an episode portrayed in the 2010 film "The King's Speech" etc.

Context: when was the queen's accession to the throne?

Context: 12 May, 1937.

Context: what are the places they visited during the royal tour?

Context: Canada from coast to coast and back, and visited the United States,  spending time with President Roosevelt at the White House and his Hudson Valley estate. The tour was designed to bolster trans-Atlantic support in the event of war, and to affirm Canada's status as an independent kingdom sharing with Britain the same person as monarch.

Context: what happened during the period of her widowhood?

Context: Elizabeth began to be styled as "Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother" because the normal style for the widow of a king, "Queen Elizabeth", would have been too similar to the style of her elder daughter, now Queen Elizabeth II. Popularly, she became the "Queen Mother" or the "Queen Mum" among many other things.

Context: how was her 100th birthday celebrated?

Context: how did she die?

Context: died in her sleep at the Royal Lodge, Windsor Great Park, with her surviving daughter, Queen Elizabeth II, at her bedside. She had been suffering from a cold for the previous four months.

Question: where is the park mentioned above located?

Answer: It is located to the south of the town of Windsor on the border of Berkshire and Surrey in England.

Windsor Great Park [SEP] Introduction

Windsor Great Park is a Royal Park of , including a deer park, to the south of the town of Windsor on the border of Berkshire and Surrey in England. The park was, for many centuries, the private hunting ground of Windsor Castle and dates primarily from the mid-13th century. Historically the park covered an area many times the current size known as Windsor Forest, Windsor Royal Park or its current name. The only royal park not managed by The Royal Parks, the park is managed and funded by the Crown Estate. Most parts of the park are open to the public, free of charge, from dawn to dusk, although there is a charge to enter Savill Garden.


Question: what is the second layer of the grand canyon made of

Answer: It is made up of nearly 40 major sedimentary rock layers

Explanation: The geology of the Grand Canyon area includes one of the most complete and studied sequences of rock on Earth. The nearly 40 major sedimentary rock layers exposed in the Grand Canyon and in the Grand Canyon National Park area range in age from about 200 million to nearly 2 billion years old. Most were deposited in warm, shallow seas and near ancient, long-gone sea shores in western North America. Both marine and terrestrial sediments are represented, including lithified sand dunes from an extinct desert. There are at least 14 known unconformities in the geologic record found in the Grand Canyon.

Geology of the Grand Canyon area [SEP] Introduction

The new river captured the older drainage to form the ancestral Colorado River, which in turn started to form the Grand Canyon. Wetter climates brought upon by ice ages starting 2 million years ago greatly increased excavation of the Grand Canyon, which was nearly as deep as it is now, 1.2 million years ago. Volcanic activity deposited lava over the area 1.8 million to 500,000 years ago. At least 13 lava dams blocked the Colorado River, forming lakes that were up to deep. The end of the last ice age and subsequent human activity has greatly reduced the ability of the Colorado River to excavate the canyon.


Context: what is the second layer of the grand canyon made of

Context: It is made up of nearly 40 major sedimentary rock layers

Question: how many layers are there?

Answer: 40 layers


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Question: how did this form?

Answer: By deposition  in warm, shallow seas and near ancient, long-gone sea shores in western North America.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: By deposition  in warm, shallow seas and near ancient, long-gone sea shores in western North America.

Question: do the layers have any names?

Answer: One of them is the Vishnu Basement Rocks

Explanation: At about 2.5 and 1.8 billion years ago in Precambrian time, sand, mud, silt, and ash were laid down in a marine basin adjacent to an orogenic belt. From 1.8 to 1.6 billion years ago at least two island arcs collided with the proto-North American continent. This process of plate tectonics compressed and grafted the marine sediments in the basin onto the mainland and uplifted them out of the sea. Later, these rocks were buried under the surface and pressure-cooked into metamorphic rock. The resulting Granite Gorge Metamorphic Suite, which is part of the Vishnu Basement Rocks, consists of the metasedimentary Vishnu Schist and the metavolcanic Brahma and Rama Schists that were formed 1.75 billion to 1.73 billion years ago. This is the resistant rock now exposed at the bottom of the canyon in the Inner Gorge.

Geology of the Grand Canyon area [SEP] Vishnu Basement Rocks


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: One of them is the Vishnu Basement Rocks

Question: where is this canyon located?

Answer: Arizona, United States.

Grand Canyon [SEP] Introduction

The Grand Canyon (, , , ) is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States. The Grand Canyon is long, up to wide and attains a depth of over a mile (). The canyon and adjacent rim are contained within Grand Canyon National Park, the Kaibab National Forest, Grand Canyon–Parashant National Monument, the Hualapai Indian Reservation, the Havasupai Indian Reservation and the Navajo Nation. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of preservation of the Grand Canyon area and visited it on numerous occasions to hunt and enjoy the scenery. Nearly two billion years of Earth's geological history have been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut their channels through layer after layer of rock while the Colorado Plateau was uplifted.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Question: how big is it?

Answer: thermochronometry showws that it  reached a depth near to the modern depth by 20 Ma

Grand Canyon [SEP] Geology

The Grand Canyon is part of the Colorado River basin which has developed over the past 70 million years, in part based on apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronometry showing that Grand Canyon reached a depth near to the modern depth by 20 Ma. A recent study examining caves near Grand Canyon places their origins beginning about 17 million years ago. Previous estimates had placed the age of the canyon at 5–6 million years. The study, which was published in the journal "Science" in 2008, used uranium-lead dating to analyze calcite deposits found on the walls of nine caves throughout the canyon. There is a substantial amount of controversy because this research suggests such a substantial departure from prior widely supported scientific consensus.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: thermochronometry showws that it  reached a depth near to the modern depth by 20 Ma

Question: was it extended?

Answer: The Kaibab Uplift, Monument Upwarp, the Uinta Mountains, San Rafael Swell, and the Rocky Mountains were uplifted, at least in part, by the Laramide orogeny.

Geology of the Grand Canyon area [SEP] Uplift and nearby extension

The Laramide orogeny affected all of western North America by helping to build the American cordillera. The Kaibab Uplift, Monument Upwarp, the Uinta Mountains, San Rafael Swell, and the Rocky Mountains were uplifted, at least in part, by the Laramide orogeny. This major mountain-building event started near the end of the Mesozoic, around 75 million years ago, and continued into the Eocene period of the Cenozoic. It was caused by subduction off the western coast of North America. Major faults that trend north–south and cross the canyon area were reactivated by this uplift. Many of these faults are Precambrian in age and are still active today.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: The Kaibab Uplift, Monument Upwarp, the Uinta Mountains, San Rafael Swell, and the Rocky Mountains were uplifted, at least in part, by the Laramide orogeny.

Question: is there any river near to it?

Answer: Yes the Colorado River

Explanation: he Grand Canyon (, , , ) is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States. The Grand Canyon is long, up to wide and attains a

Grand Canyon [SEP] Introduction


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Question: what is its origin?

Answer: Beginning with small bands of nomadic hunter-gatherers, Native Americans have inhabited the Colorado River basin for at least 8,000 years. Between 2,000 and 1,000 years ago, the watershed was home to large agricultural civilizations—considered some of the most sophisticated indigenous North American cultures—which eventually declined due to a combination of severe drought and poor land use practices.

Colorado River [SEP] Introduction

Beginning with small bands of nomadic hunter-gatherers, Native Americans have inhabited the Colorado River basin for at least 8,000 years. Between 2,000 and 1,000 years ago, the watershed was home to large agricultural civilizations—considered some of the most sophisticated indigenous North American cultures—which eventually declined due to a combination of severe drought and poor land use practices. Most native peoples that inhabit the region today are descended from other groups that settled there beginning about 1,000 years ago. Europeans first entered the Colorado Basin in the 16th century, when explorers from Spain began mapping and claiming the area, which became part of Mexico upon its independence in 1821.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Context: what is its origin?

Context: Beginning with small bands of nomadic hunter-gatherers, Native Americans have inhabited the Colorado River basin for at least 8,000 years. Between 2,000 and 1,000 years ago, the watershed was home to large agricultural civilizations—considered some of the most sophisticated indigenous North American cultures—which eventually declined due to a combination of severe drought and poor land use practices.

Question: what kind of impact has humans had on the canyon?

Answer: Several species of predators such as mountain lions, eagles, and wolves were eradicated

Explanation: U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt visited the Grand Canyon in 1903. An avid outdoorsman and staunch conservationist, Roosevelt established the Grand Canyon Game Preserve on November 28, 1906. Livestock grazing was reduced, but predators such as mountain lions, eagles, and wolves were eradicated. Roosevelt along with other members of his conservation group, the Boone and Crockett Club helped form the National Parks Association, which in turn lobbied for the Antiquities Act of 1906 which gave Roosevelt the power to create national monuments. Once the act was passed, Roosevelt immediately added adjacent national forest lands and redesignated the preserve a U.S. National Monument on January 11, 1908. Opponents such as land and mining claim holders blocked efforts to reclassify the monument as a U.S. National Park for 11 years. Grand Canyon National Park was finally established as the 17th U.S. National Park by an Act of Congress signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson on February 26

Grand Canyon [SEP] Federal protection: National Monument and Park


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Context: what is its origin?

Context: what kind of impact has humans had on the canyon?

Context: Several species of predators such as mountain lions, eagles, and wolves were eradicated

Question: is there a museum located there?

Answer: Yavapai Geology Museum

Explanation: The Yavapai Geology Museum include three-dimensional models, photographs, and exhibits which allow park visitors to see and understand the complicated geologic story of the area. The museum building, the historic Yavapai Observation Station (built 1928), located one mile (1.6 km) east of Market Plaza, features expansive canyon views. A bookstore offers a variety of materials about the area.

Geology of the Grand Canyon area [SEP] Trail of Time and Yavapai Geology Museum

The Trail of Time is an outdoor geology exhibit and nature trail on the South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park. Each meter walked on the trail represents one million years of Grand Canyon's geologic history. Bronze markers on the trail mark your location in time. The trail begins at Yavapai Geology Museum at 2 billion years ago, and ends at Verkamp's Visitor Center. Along the way are samples of the Canyon's rocks, as you would encounter them going from the river up to the rim, and displays explaining the geologic history of the Canyon. The trail opened in late 2010.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Context: what is its origin?

Context: is there a museum located there?

Context: Yavapai Geology Museum

Question: when was it built?

Answer: In 1928

Trail of Time and Yavapai Geology Museum

Explanation: he Yavapai Geology Museum include three-dimensional models, photographs, and exhibits which allow park visitors to see and understand the complicated geologic story of the area. The museum building, the historic Yavapai Observation Station (built 1928), located one mile (1.6 km) east of Market Plaza, features expansive canyon views. A bookstore offers a variety of materials about the


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Context: what is its origin?

Context: is there a museum located there?

Context: Yavapai Geology Museum

Context: when was it built?

Context: In 1928

Question: who is it named after?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Context: what is its origin?

Context: is there a museum located there?

Context: Yavapai Geology Museum

Context: when was it built?

Context: In 1928

Context: who is it named after?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does it have any special exhibit?

Answer: It contains three-dimensional models, photographs, and exhibits which allow park visitors to see and understand the complicated geologic story of the area.

Trail of Time and Yavapai Geology Museum

The Yavapai Geology Museum include three-dimensional models, photographs, and exhibits which allow park visitors to see and understand the complicated geologic story of the area. The museum building, the historic Yavapai Observation Station (built 1928), located one mile (1.6 km) east of Market Plaza, features expansive canyon views. A bookstore offers a variety of materials about the area.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Context: what is its origin?

Context: is there a museum located there?

Context: Yavapai Geology Museum

Context: when was it built?

Context: In 1928

Context: who is it named after?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have any special exhibit?

Context: It contains three-dimensional models, photographs, and exhibits which allow park visitors to see and understand the complicated geologic story of the area.

Question: which park is located here?

Answer: Grand Canyon National Park

Grand Canyon National Park [SEP] Introduction

Grand Canyon National Park, located in northwestern Arizona, is the 15th site in the United States to have been named a national park. The park's central feature is the Grand Canyon, a gorge of the Colorado River, which is often considered one of the Wonders of the World. The park, which covers of unincorporated area in Coconino and Mohave counties, received more than six million recreational visitors in 2017, which is the second highest count of all American national parks after Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The Grand Canyon was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979. The park celebrated its 100th anniversary on February 26, 2019.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Context: what is its origin?

Context: is there a museum located there?

Context: Yavapai Geology Museum

Context: when was it built?

Context: In 1928

Context: who is it named after?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have any special exhibit?

Context: which park is located here?

Context: Grand Canyon National Park

Question: why is the canyon referred to as a supergroup?

Answer: Because it is composed of nine varied geologic formations that were laid down from 1.2 billion and 740 million years ago in this sea

Explanation:
The resulting Grand Canyon Supergroup of sedimentary units is composed of nine varied geologic formations that were laid down from 1.2 billion and 740 million years ago in this sea. Good exposures of the supergroup can be seen in eastern Grand Canyon in the Inner Gorge and from Desert View, Lipan Point and Moran point.
The oldest section of the supergroup is the Unkar Group. It accumulated in a variety of fluvial, deltaic, tidal, nearshore marine, and offshore marine environments. The first formation to be laid down in the Unkar Group was the Bass Formation

Geology of the Grand Canyon area [SEP] Grand Canyon Supergroup

Isolated pockets of reddish sandstone are also found around Carbon Butte. Stromatolites are found in this layer. The Sixtymile Formation is made of tan-colored sandstone with some small sections of shale. About 800 million years ago the supergroup was tilted 15° and block faulted in the Grand Canyon Orogeny. Some of the block units moved down and others moved up while fault movement created north–south-trending fault-block mountain ranges. About 100 million years of erosion took place that washed most of the Chuar Group away along with part of the Unkar Group (exposing the Shinumo Quartzite as previously explained). The mountain ranges were reduced to hills, and in some places, the whole of the supergroup were removed entirely, exposing the basement rocks below.


Context: how many layers are there?

Context: 40 layers

Context: how did this form?

Context: do the layers have any names?

Context: where is this canyon located?

Context: Arizona, United States.

Context: how big is it?

Context: was it extended?

Context: is there any river near to it?

Context: Yes the Colorado River

Context: what is its origin?

Context: is there a museum located there?

Context: Yavapai Geology Museum

Context: when was it built?

Context: In 1928

Context: who is it named after?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have any special exhibit?

Context: which park is located here?

Context: Grand Canyon National Park

Context: why is the canyon referred to as a supergroup?

Context: Because it is composed of nine varied geologic formations that were laid down from 1.2 billion and 740 million years ago in this sea

Question: what are the names of some of the groups?

Answer: Unkar Group is one of them

The oldest section of the supergroup is the Unkar Group. It accumulated in a variety of fluvial, deltaic, tidal, nearshore marine, and offshore marine environments. The first formation to be laid down in the Unkar Group was the Bass Formation. Fluvial gravels initially accumulated in shallow river valleys. They later lithified into a basal conglomerate that is known as the Hotauta Member of the Bass Formation. The Bass Formation was deposited in a shallow sea near the coast as a mix of limestone, sandstone, and shale. Diagenesis later altered the bulk of the limestone into dolomite. It is thick and grayish in color.


Question: when does clark kent and lois lane get together in smallville

Answer: Season four

Explanation: In "Smallville", Lois comes to town to investigate the apparent death of her cousin Chloe Sullivan at the start of the fourth season. After finding Chloe still alive, Lois is forced to enroll in Smallville High to complete the remaining credits of high school she failed to achieve. As the series progresses, her interest in journalism grows, first writing a couple of articles for the Smallville High "Torch" in season four, landing a job at the "Inquisitor" in season six, and finally being hired at the "Daily Planet" in season seven. Throughout seasons four, five, six and seven, Lois's relationship with Clark Kent is depicted more as a brother/sister relationship, with the two characters often butting heads. By season eight, Lois begins to realize that she is falling in love with Clark, and by season nine the two become an official couple. During season ten the relationship goes through several milestones and midseason the pair get engaged.

Lois Lane (Smallville) [SEP] Introduction

Lois Lane is a fictional character on the television series "Smallville"; she was portrayed continually by Erica Durance since her first appearance in the season four premier "Crusade" to the series finale. Durance began as a guest star in season four but was promoted to series regular status beginning in season five. The character of Lois Lane, first created for comic books by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster in 1938 to be the love interest for Clark Kent and his alter-ego Superman, was adapted to television in 2001 by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar—this is the fourth time the character has been adapted into a live-action television series.


Context: when does clark kent and lois lane get together in smallville

Context: Season four

Question: who is this lois?

Answer: She  is a fictional character on the television series "Smallville

Explanation: ois Lane is a fictional character on the television series "Smallville"; she was portrayed continually by Erica Durance since her first appearance in the season four premier "Crusade" to the series finale. Durance began as a guest star in season four but was promoted to series regular status beginning in season five. The character of Lois Lan


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: She  is a fictional character on the television series "Smallville

Question: who created this character?

Answer: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Explanation: Lois Lane is a fictional character on the television series "Smallville"; she was portrayed continually by Erica Durance since her first appearance in the season four premier "Crusade" to the series finale. Durance began as a guest star in season four but was promoted to series regular status beginning in season five. The character of Lois Lane, first created for comic books by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster in 1938 to be the love interest for Clark Kent and his alter-ego Superman, was adapted to television in 2001 by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar—this is the fourth time the character has been adapted into a live-action television series.

In "Smallville", Lois comes to town to investigate the apparent death of her cousin Chloe Sullivan at the start of the fourth season. After finding Chloe still alive, Lois is forced to enroll in Smallville High to complete the remaining credits of high school she failed to achieve. As the series progresses, her interest in journalism grows, first writing a couple of articles for the Smallville High "Torch" in season four, landing a job at the "Inquisitor" in season six, and finally being hired at the "Daily Planet" in season seven. Throughout seasons four, five, six and seven, Lois's relationship with Clark Kent is depicted more as a brother/sister relationship, with the two characters often butting heads.


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Question: which actor acted it out?

Answer: Erica Durance

Explanation: Lois Lane is a fictional character on the television series "Smallville"; she was portrayed continually by Erica Durance since her first appearance in the season four premier "Crusade" to the series finale. Durance began as a guest star in season four but was promoted to series regular status beginning in season five. The character of Lois Lane, first created for comic books by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster in 1938 to be the love inte


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Question: what is the character's role in the series?

Answer: She comes to Smallville investigating the death of her cousin Chloe Sullivan

Lois Lane (Smallville) [SEP] Role in "Smallville"

Lois Lane makes her first appearance in season four's "Crusade" when she comes to Smallville investigating the death of her cousin Chloe Sullivan (Allison Mack). While investigating Chloe's death with Clark Kent (Tom Welling) in "Gone", the pair uncover the truth that Chloe is still alive, but in witness protection until Lionel Luthor's trial, the man she is testifying against with evidence that he orchestrated the death of his own parents. Lionel (John Glover) discovers the truth and sends someone to kill her, but Lois and Clark stop the would-be killer, allowing Chloe to testify. Before Lois can leave Smallville, her father (Michael Ironside) informs her that she failed to achieve all of her high school credits and that he has enrolled her in Smallville High so that she can complete her twelfth-grade year.


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: what is the character's role in the series?

Context: She comes to Smallville investigating the death of her cousin Chloe Sullivan

Question: what is the story of the mentioned tv series?

Answer: It follows Clark Kent (Tom Welling) in the fictional town of Smallville, Kansas, before he becomes the Man of Steel. The first four seasons focus on Clark and his friends in high school. After season five "Smallville" ventures into adult settings, eventually focusing on his career alongside Lois Lane (Erica D

Explanation: Smallville is an American superhero television series developed by writer-producers Alfred Gough and Miles Millar, based on the DC Comics character Superman created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster. The series, initially broadcast by The WB, premiered on October 16, 2001. After "Smallville"s fifth season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, the series' later United States broadcaster. "Smallville", which ended its tenth and final season on May 13, 2011, follows Clark Kent (Tom Welling) in the fictional town of Smallville, Kansas, before he becomes the Man of Steel. The first four seasons focus on Clark and his friends in high school. After season five "Smallville" ventures into adult settings, eventually focusing on his career alongside Lois Lane (Erica Durance) at the "Daily Planet" and introducing other DC comic-book superheroes and villains.

Smallville [SEP] Introduction


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: what is the story of the mentioned tv series?

Context: It follows Clark Kent (Tom Welling) in the fictional town of Smallville, Kansas, before he becomes the Man of Steel. The first four seasons focus on Clark and his friends in high school. After season five "Smallville" ventures into adult settings, eventually focusing on his career alongside Lois Lane (Erica D

Question: is this series adapted from any comics?

Answer: It is based on DC Comics character Superman

Explanation: Smallville is an American superhero television series developed by writer-producers Alfred Gough and Miles Millar, based on the DC Comics character Superman created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster. The series, initially broadcast by The WB, premiered on October 16, 2001. After "Smallville"s fifth season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, the series' later United States broadcaster. "Smallville", which ended its tenth and final season on May 13, 2011, follows Clark Kent (Tom W

Smallville [SEP] Introduction


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: It is based on DC Comics character Superman

Question: where is it broadcasted?

Answer: The series, initially broadcast by The WB, premiered on October 16, 2001. After "Smallville"s fifth season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW,

Smallville [SEP] Introduction


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: The series, initially broadcast by The WB, premiered on October 16, 2001. After "Smallville"s fifth season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW,

Question: the mentioned male actor, has he done any other tv series other than this?

Answer: Yes in Lucifer

Tom Welling [SEP] Introduction

Thomas J. Welling (born April 26, 1977) is an American actor, director, producer, and model best known for his role as Clark Kent in The WB/The CW superhero drama "Smallville" (2001–2011). He also co-starred in the third season of Fox fantasy comedy-drama "Lucifer" as Lt. Marcus Pierce (2017–2018). A high school athlete, Welling initially worked in construction and, in 1998, he successfully modeled men's clothing for several popular brands. In 2000, he made a successful transition to television. He has been nominated for and received several awards for his role as Clark Kent. In 2001, he had a recurring role as Rob "Karate Rob" Meltzer in the second season of the CBS legal drama "Judging Amy".


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: the mentioned male actor, has he done any other tv series other than this?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Question: what is the genre of this series?

Answer: fantasy comedy-drama

Explanation: homas J. Welling (born April 26, 1977) is an American actor, director, producer, and model best known for his role as Clark Kent in The WB/The CW superhero drama "Smallville" (2001–2011). He also co-starred in the third season of Fox fantasy comedy-drama "Lucifer" as Lt. Marcus Pierce (2017–2018)

Tom Welling [SEP] Introduction


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Context: what is the genre of this series?

Context: fantasy comedy-drama

Question: is this actor into direction?

Answer: Yes he is a director

Explanation: Thomas J. Welling (born April 26, 1977) is an American actor, director, producer, and model best known for his role as Clark Kent in The WB/The CW superhero drama "Smallville" (2001–2011). He also co-starred in the third season of Fox fantasy comedy-drama "Lucifer" as Lt. Marcus Pierce (2017–20

Tom Welling [SEP] Introduction


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Context: what is the genre of this series?

Context: fantasy comedy-drama

Context: is this actor into direction?

Context: Yes he is a director

Question: can you name any such film under his direction?

Answer: "Cheaper by the Dozen 2" (2005), "The Fog" (2005), "Draft Day" (2014) and "The Choice" (2016).

Tom Welling [SEP] Introduction

He has also been involved behind the camera as an executive producer and a director. His films include "Cheaper by the Dozen" (2003), "Cheaper by the Dozen 2" (2005), "The Fog" (2005), "Draft Day" (2014) and "The Choice" (2016).


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Context: what is the genre of this series?

Context: fantasy comedy-drama

Context: is this actor into direction?

Context: Yes he is a director

Context: can you name any such film under his direction?

Context: "Cheaper by the Dozen 2" (2005), "The Fog" (2005), "Draft Day" (2014) and "The Choice" (2016).

Question: who directed the mentioned comedy drama?

Answer: Jerry Bruckheimer Television, DC Entertainment and Warner Bros. Television.

Lucifer (TV series) [SEP] Introduction

Lucifer is an American urban fantasy television series developed by Tom Kapinos that premiered on Fox on January 25, 2016. It is based on the DC Comics character created by Neil Gaiman, Sam Kieth, and Mike Dringenberg taken from the comic book series "The Sandman", who later became the protagonist of a spin-off comic book series, both published by DC Comics' Vertigo imprint. The series is produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Television, DC Entertainment and Warner Bros. Television. The series revolves around the story of Lucifer Morningstar (Tom Ellis), the Devil, who abandons Hell for Los Angeles where he runs his own nightclub named 'LUX' and becomes a consultant to the LAPD.


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Context: what is the genre of this series?

Context: fantasy comedy-drama

Context: is this actor into direction?

Context: Yes he is a director

Context: who directed the mentioned comedy drama?

Context: Jerry Bruckheimer Television, DC Entertainment and Warner Bros. Television.

Question: you have mentioned about a comics earlier; is that and this entertainment company same?

Answer: Yes

Lucifer (TV series) [SEP] Introduction

The ensemble and supporting cast include Lauren German as Detective Chloe Decker, Kevin Alejandro as Detective Daniel "Dan" Espinoza, D. B. Woodside as Amenadiel, Lesley-Ann Brandt as Mazikeen, and Rachael Harris as Dr. Linda Martin. Filming took place primarily in Vancouver, British Columbia, before production was relocated entirely to Los Angeles, California, beginning with the third season. The first season received mixed reviews from critics, though subsequent seasons were better rated; many critics particularly praised Ellis' performance. Despite initially high viewership for its debut, ratings remained consistently low throughout the series' three-season run on Fox. Fox cancelled "Lucifer" after three seasons; a month later, Netflix picked up the series for the fourth season, which received high ratings and critical acclaim.


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Context: what is the genre of this series?

Context: fantasy comedy-drama

Context: is this actor into direction?

Context: Yes he is a director

Context: you have mentioned about a comics earlier; is that and this entertainment company same?

Context: Yes

Question: who started this comic series?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Lucifer (TV series) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Context: what is the genre of this series?

Context: fantasy comedy-drama

Context: is this actor into direction?

Context: Yes he is a director

Context: Yes

Context: who started this comic series?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: can you name the main characters from the above comedy drama?

Answer: Lucifer Morningstar, Detective Chloe Decker and Detective Daniel "Dan" Espinoza to name a few

Explanation: he series revolves around the story of Lucifer Morningstar (Tom Ellis), the Devil, who abandons Hell for Los Angeles where he runs his own nightclub named 'LUX' and becomes a consultant to the LAPD. The ensemble and supporting cast include Lauren German as Detective Chloe Decker, Kevin Alejandro as Detective Daniel "Dan" Espinoza, D. B. Woodside as Amenadiel, Lesley-Ann Brandt as Mazikeen, and Rachael Harris as Dr. Linda Martin. Filming took place primarily in Vancouver, British Columbia, before production was relocated entirely to Los Angeles, California, beginning with

Lucifer (TV series) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Context: what is the genre of this series?

Context: fantasy comedy-drama

Context: is this actor into direction?

Context: Yes he is a director

Context: Yes

Context: who started this comic series?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: can you name the main characters from the above comedy drama?

Context: Lucifer Morningstar, Detective Chloe Decker and Detective Daniel "Dan" Espinoza to name a few

Question: who played in the title character's role?

Answer: Tom Ellis

Explanation: The series revolves around the story of Lucifer Morningstar (Tom Ellis), the Devil, who abandons Hell for Los Angeles where he runs his own nightclub

Lucifer (TV series) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Season four

Context: who is this lois?

Context: who created this character?

Context: Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster

Context: which actor acted it out?

Context: Erica Durance

Context: is this series adapted from any comics?

Context: where is it broadcasted?

Context: Yes in Lucifer

Context: what is the genre of this series?

Context: fantasy comedy-drama

Context: is this actor into direction?

Context: Yes he is a director

Context: Yes

Context: who started this comic series?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who played in the title character's role?

Context: Tom Ellis

Question: was this show a hit or flop?

Answer: he first season received mainly negative reviews. The  second season currently has a 100% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 9 reviews, with an average rating of 7.83/10. view aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 49% of critics gave it a positive review based on 43 reviews, with an average rating of 5.36/10 however The second season currently has a 100% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 9 reviews, with an average rating of 7.83/10.

Explanation:
The first season received mainly negative reviews. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 49% of critics gave it a positive review based on 43 reviews, with an average rating of 5.36/10. The site's critics consensus reads, ""Lucifer" got sex appeal, but the show's hackneyed cop procedural format undermines a potentially entertaining premise." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 49 out of 100 based on 25 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews."

Critics have been much more receptive to the rest of the series. The second season currently has a 100% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 9 reviews, with an average rating of 7.83/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "Tom Ellis continues to

Lucifer (TV series) [SEP] Critical response

The pilot episode was screened in July at the 2015 San Diego Comic-Con. The pilot was met positively by the viewers, with "Bleeding Cool"s Dan Wickline praising the episode, saying "the show itself is enjoyable because of the great dialogue and flawless delivery from its lead" and "This version of Lucifer refuses to take almost anything seriously and the show is better for it." Max Nicholson of "IGN" rated the pilot episode a 6.9/10, praising Tom Ellis's performance as Lucifer and the lighthearted tone of the series, but criticizing the series for essentially being another crime procedural series. The first season received mainly negative reviews.


Question: what were the plans proposed at the constitutional convention

Answer: New Jersey Plan and Alexander Hamilton's plan

Explanation: The small state delegates were alarmed at the plan taking shape: a supreme national government that could override state laws and proportional representation in both houses of Congress. William Paterson and other delegates from New Jersey, Connecticut, Maryland and New York created an alternative plan that consisted of several amendments to the Articles of Confederation. Under the New Jersey Plan, as it was called, the Confederation Congress would remain unicameral with each state having one vote. Congress would be allowed to levy tariffs and other taxes as well as regulate trade and commerce. Congress would elect a plural "federal executive" whose members would serve a single term and could be removed by Congress at the request of a majority of state governors. There would also be a federal judiciary to apply US law. Federal judges would serve for life and be appointed by the executives. Laws enacted by Congress would take precedence over state laws. This plan was introduced on June 1

Constitutional Convention (United States) [SEP] Alternative plans


Context: what were the plans proposed at the constitutional convention

Context: New Jersey Plan and Alexander Hamilton's plan

Question: what was proposed in the former one?

Answer: The Confederation Congress would remain unicameral with each state having one vote and Congress would be allowed to levy tariffs and other taxes as well as regulate trade and commerce

Constitutional Convention (United States)

Explanation: Under the New Jersey Plan, as it was called, the Confederation Congress would remain unicameral with each state having one vote. Congress would be allowed to levy tariffs and other taxes as well as regulate trade and commerce.


Context: what was proposed in the former one?

Context: The Confederation Congress would remain unicameral with each state having one vote and Congress would be allowed to levy tariffs and other taxes as well as regulate trade and commerce

Question: when was it laid down?

Answer: June 15, 1787

New Jersey Plan [SEP] Introduction

The New Jersey Plan (also known as the Small State Plan or the Paterson Plan) was a proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787. The plan was created in response to the Virginia Plan, which called for two houses of Congress, both elected with apportionment according to population. The less populous states were adamantly opposed to giving most of the control of the national government to the more populous states, and so proposed an alternative plan that would have kept the one-vote-per-state representation under one legislative body from the Articles of Confederation.


Context: what was proposed in the former one?

Context: when was it laid down?

Context: June 15, 1787

Question: what were the operations of the above convention?

Answer: The first thing the Convention did was choose a presiding officer and the Convention then adopted rules to govern its proceedings

Explanation: The first thing the Convention did was choose a presiding officer, unanimously electing George Washington president of the convention. The Convention then adopted rules to govern its proceedings. Each state delegation received a single vote either for or against a proposal in accordance with the majority opinion of the state's delegates. This rule increased the power of the smaller states.

Constitutional Convention (United States) [SEP] Operations and procedures

If too few of a state's delegates were in attendance, the state did not cast a vote. After two of New York's three delegates abandoned the convention in mid-July with no intention of returning, New York was left unable to vote on any further proposals at the convention, although Alexander Hamilton would continue to periodically attend and occasionally to speak during the debates.


Context: what was proposed in the former one?

Context: when was it laid down?

Context: June 15, 1787

Context: what were the operations of the above convention?

Context: The first thing the Convention did was choose a presiding officer and the Convention then adopted rules to govern its proceedings

Question: who was chosen as this president?

Answer: George Washington

Constitutional Convention (United States)

Explanation: The first thing the Convention did was choose a presiding officer, unanimously electing George Washington president of the convention.


Context: what was proposed in the former one?

Context: when was it laid down?

Context: June 15, 1787

Context: who was chosen as this president?

Context: George Washington

Question: was there any alternate plan of the convention?

Answer: New Jersey Plan and Alexander Hamilton's plan

Constitutional Convention (United States)

Explanation:
 Under the New Jersey Plan, as it was called, the Confederation Congress would remain unicameral with each state having one vote. Congress would be allowed to levy tariffs and other taxes as well as regulate trade and commerce. Congress would elect a plural "federal executive" whose members would serve a single term and could be removed by Congress at the request of a majority of state governors. There would also be a federal judiciary to apply US law. Federal judges would serve for life and be appointed by the executives. Laws enacted by Congress would take precedence over state laws. This plan was introduced on June 15.

On June 18, Alexander Hamilton of New York presented his own plan that was at odds with both the Virginia and New Jersey plans


Context: what was proposed in the former one?

Context: when was it laid down?

Context: June 15, 1787

Context: who was chosen as this president?

Context: George Washington

Context: was there any alternate plan of the convention?

Question: which compromise was it involved?

Answer: Connecticut Compromise proposed a compromise that the House would have proportional representation and the Senate equal representation

Constitutional Convention (United States) [SEP] Connecticut Compromise

On several occasions, the Connecticut delegation—Roger Sherman, Oliver Ellsworth and William Samuel Johnson—proposed a compromise that the House would have proportional representation and the Senate equal representation. A version of this compromise had originally been crafted and proposed by Sherman on June 11. He agreed with Madison that the Senate should be composed of the wisest and most virtuous citizens, but he also saw its role as defending the rights and interests of the states. James Madison recorded Sherman's June 11 speech as follows: On June 29, Johnson made a similar point: "that in one branch, the people ought to be represented; in the other, the states." Neither side was ready yet to embrace the concept of divided sovereignty between the states and a federal government, however.


Context: what was proposed in the former one?

Context: when was it laid down?

Context: June 15, 1787

Context: who was chosen as this president?

Context: George Washington

Context: which compromise was it involved?

Context: Connecticut Compromise proposed a compromise that the House would have proportional representation and the Senate equal representation

Question: was the above president connected to any bank?

Answer: He signed the legislation for the establishment of the First Bank of the United States

George Washington [SEP] National Bank

Hamilton created controversy among Cabinet members by advocating the establishment of the First Bank of the United States. Madison and Jefferson objected, but the bank easily passed Congress. Jefferson and Randolph insisted that the new bank was beyond the authority granted by the constitution, as Hamilton believed. Washington sided with Hamilton and signed the legislation on February 25, and the rift became openly hostile between Hamilton and Jefferson. The nation's first financial crisis occurred in March 1792. Hamilton's Federalists exploited large loans to gain control of U.S. debt securities, causing a run on the national bank; the markets returned to normal by mid-April.


Context: what was proposed in the former one?

Context: when was it laid down?

Context: June 15, 1787

Context: who was chosen as this president?

Context: George Washington

Context: which compromise was it involved?

Context: was the above president connected to any bank?

Context: He signed the legislation for the establishment of the First Bank of the United States

Question: which is this establishment year?

Answer: 1791

First Bank of the United States [SEP] Introduction

The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first "de facto" central bank. Establishment of the Bank of the United States was part of a three-part expansion of federal fiscal and monetary power, along with a federal mint and excise taxes, championed by Alexander Hamilton, first Secretary of the Treasury. Hamilton believed a national bank was necessary to stabilize and improve the nation's credit, and to improve handling of the financial business of the United States government under the newly enacted Constitution.


Context: what was proposed in the former one?

Context: when was it laid down?

Context: June 15, 1787

Context: who was chosen as this president?

Context: George Washington

Context: which compromise was it involved?

Context: which is this establishment year?

Question: what opposition did this bank face?

Answer: It was claimed that the bank was unconstitutional, and that it benefited merchants and investors at the expense of the majority of the population

Explanation: Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and James Madison led the opposition, which claimed that the bank was unconstitutional, and that it benefited merchants and investors at the expense of the majority of the population.

First Bank of the United States [SEP] Opposition

Furthermore, they contended that the creation of such a bank violated the Constitution, which specifically stated that Congress was to regulate weights and measures and issue coined money (rather than mint and bills of credit). The first part of the bill, the concept, and establishment of a national mint, met with no real objection, and sailed through; it was assumed the second and third part (the bank and an excise tax to finance it) would likewise glide through, and in their own way they did: The House version of the bill, despite some heated objections, easily passed. The Senate version of the bill did likewise, with considerably fewer, and milder, objections.


Question: when are polar coordinates used in real life

Answer: In spirals

Polar coordinate system [SEP] Introduction

Angles in polar notation are generally expressed in either degrees or radians (2 rad being equal to 360°). Grégoire de Saint-Vincent and Bonaventura Cavalieri independently introduced the concepts in the mid-seventeenth century, though the actual term "polar coordinates" has been attributed to Gregorio Fontana in the 18th-century. The initial motivation for the introduction of the polar system was the study of circular and orbital motion. Polar coordinates are most appropriate in any context where the phenomenon being considered is inherently tied to direction and length from a center point in a plane, such as spirals. Planar physical systems with bodies moving around a central point, or phenomena originating from a central point, are often simpler and more intuitive to model using polar coordinates.


Context: when are polar coordinates used in real life

Context: In spirals

Question: who came up with the system?

Answer: Grégoire de Saint-Vincent and Bonaventura Cavalieri

Explanation: Grégoire de Saint-Vincent and Bonaventura Cavalieri independently introduced the concepts in the mid-seventeenth century, though the actual term "polar coordinates" has been attributed to Gregorio Fontana in the 18th-century.


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: Grégoire de Saint-Vincent and Bonaventura Cavalieri

Question: who is the former?

Answer: He was a Flemish Jesuit and mathematician.

Grégoire de Saint-Vincent [SEP] Introduction

Grégoire de Saint-Vincent (8 September 1584 Bruges – 5 June 1667 Ghent) was a Flemish Jesuit and mathematician. He is remembered for his work on quadrature of the hyperbola. Grégoire gave the "clearest early account of the summation of geometric series." He also resolved Zeno's paradox by showing that the time intervals involved formed a geometric progression and thus had a finite sum.


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: who is the former?

Context: He was a Flemish Jesuit and mathematician.

Question: what was his contribution to the concept of hyperbola?

Answer: He found that the area under a rectangular hyperbola (i.e. a curve given by "xy = k") is the same over [a,b] as over [c,d] when This observation led to the hyperbolic logarithm.

Grégoire de Saint-Vincent [SEP] Quadrature of the hyperbola

Saint-Vincent found that the area under a rectangular hyperbola (i.e. a curve given by "xy = k") is the same over [a,b] as over [c,d] when This observation led to the hyperbolic logarithm. The stated property allows one to define a function "A"("x") which is the area under said curve from 1 to "x", which has the property that formula_1 This functional property characterizes logarithms, and it was mathematical fashion to call such a function "A"("x") a logarithm. In particular when we choose the rectangular hyperbola "xy" = 1, one recovers the natural logarithm. A student and co-worker of Saint-Vincent, A.


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: who is the former?

Context: what was his contribution to the concept of hyperbola?

Context: He found that the area under a rectangular hyperbola (i.e. a curve given by "xy = k") is the same over [a,b] as over [c,d] when This observation led to the hyperbolic logarithm.

Question: where is he from?

Answer: Bruges

Grégoire de Saint-Vincent [SEP] Life

Gregoire was born in Bruges 8 September 1584. After reading philosophy in Douai, he entered the Society of Jesus 21 October 1605. His talent was recognized by Christopher Clavius in Rome. Gregoire was sent to Louvain in 1612, and was ordained a priest 23 March 1613. Gregoire began teaching in association with François d'Aguilon in Antwerp from 1617 to 20. Moving to Louvain in 1621, he taught mathematics there until 1625. That year he became obsessed with squaring the circle and requested permission from Mutio Vitelleschi to publish his method. But Vitelleschi deferred to Christoph Grienberger, the mathematician in Rome.


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: who is the former?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bruges

Question: where did he get his education?

Answer: Douai and the Society of Jesus

Explanation: After reading philosophy in Douai, he entered the Society of Jesus 21 October 1605. His talent was recognized by Christopher Clavius in Rome.

Grégoire de Saint-Vincent [SEP] Life


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: who is the former?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bruges

Context: where did he get his education?

Context: Douai and the Society of Jesus

Question: what is the former?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Grégoire de Saint-Vincent [SEP] Life


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: who is the former?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bruges

Context: where did he get his education?

Context: Douai and the Society of Jesus

Context: what is the former?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: mention a few works of the latter aforementioned guy in geometry?

Answer: From 1632 to 1646, Cavalieri published eleven books dealing with problems in astronomy, optics, motion and geometry.

Explanation: From 1632 to 1646, Cavalieri published eleven books dealing with problems in astronomy, optics, motion and geometry.

Bonaventura Cavalieri [SEP] Work


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: who is the former?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bruges

Context: where did he get his education?

Context: Douai and the Society of Jesus

Context: what is the former?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: mention a few works of the latter aforementioned guy in geometry?

Context: From 1632 to 1646, Cavalieri published eleven books dealing with problems in astronomy, optics, motion and geometry.

Question: where did he get his education?

Answer: University of Pisa

Bonaventura Cavalieri [SEP] Life

Born in Milan, Cavalieri joined the Jesuates order (not to be confused with the Jesuits) at the age of fifteen, taking the name Bonaventura upon becoming a novice of the order, and remained a member until his death. He took his vows as a full member of the order in 1615, at the age of seventeen, and shortly after joined the Jesuat house in Pisa. By 1616 he was a student of geometry at the University of Pisa. There he came under the tutelage of Benedetto Castelli, who probably introduced him to Galileo Galilei. In 1617 he briefly joined the Medici court in Florence, under the patronage of Cardinal Federico Borromeo, but the following year he returned to Pisa and began teaching Mathematics in place of Castelli.


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: who is the former?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bruges

Context: where did he get his education?

Context: Douai and the Society of Jesus

Context: what is the former?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did he get his education?

Context: University of Pisa

Question: where is it?

Answer: Pisa, Italy

University of Pisa [SEP] Introduction

The University of Pisa (, UniPi) is an Italian public research university located in Pisa, Italy. It was founded in 1343 by an edict of Pope Clement VI. It is the 19th oldest extant university in the world and the 10th oldest in Italy. The university is ranked within the top 10 nationally and the top 400 in the world according to the ARWU and the QS. It houses the Orto botanico di Pisa, Europe's oldest academic botanical garden, which was founded in 1544. The University of Pisa is part of the Pisa University System, which includes the Scuola Normale Superiore and the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies.


Context: In spirals

Context: who came up with the system?

Context: who is the former?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Bruges

Context: where did he get his education?

Context: Douai and the Society of Jesus

Context: what is the former?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did he get his education?

Context: University of Pisa

Context: where is it?

Context: Pisa, Italy

Question: mention a few pop cultures where the university is depicted?

Answer: It is mentioned in the film "Don Juan"; the central character in the TV series My Brilliant Friend attends and graduated from the university.

Explanation:
The University of Pisa is mentioned in the film "Don Juan" (1926).
The central character in the TV series My Brilliant Friend (based on the novel by Elena Ferrante) attends and graduated from the university.

University of Pisa [SEP] In popular culture


Question: who built the melbourne castle?

Answer: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Melbourne Castle [SEP] Introduction

Melbourne Castle was a medieval castle in Melbourne, Derbyshire. It was built on the site of an earlier royal manor house that had provided accommodation for noblemen hunting in a nearby royal park in the reign of King John. Construction of the castle was started in 1311 by Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, and continued until 1322, shortly before his execution, but the work was never fully completed. From the early 14th century, Melbourne Castle was mainly in the possession of the Earls and Dukes of Lancaster or the crown. Improvements and repairs were made, particularly by John of Gaunt, and the building was in generally good condition throughout the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries.


Context:
who built the melbourne castle?
Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Question: when was it built?

Answer: 1311 - 1322

Explanation: Construction of the castle was started in 1311 by Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, and continued until 1322,

Melbourne Castle [SEP] Introduction


Context:
who built the melbourne castle?
Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster
when was it built?
1311 - 1322

Question: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Answer: bakehouse, kitchen, chapel, hall, great chamber, and drawbridge.

Melbourne Castle [SEP] Description

Tutbury and Pontefract Castles both have similar gatehouses and chapels, and Tutbury's motte and Pontefract's curtain wall are also close in style to those in the illustrations. Sandal Castle has a multi-angular tower like those depicted, and this feature is confirmed at Melbourne by foundations which still remain. A bakehouse, kitchen and chapel are recorded, as well as the hall, great chamber, and drawbridge, but the details of the internal layout for the castle are unknown.


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: bakehouse, kitchen, chapel, hall, great chamber, and drawbridge.

Question: what are the types of the third one?

Answer: Bridge chapel, castle chapel, and parecclesion

Explanation:
A bridge chapel is a small place of Christian worship, built either on, or immediately adjacent to, a road bridge; they were commonly established during pre-Reformation mediaeval era in Europe.

A castle chapel, in European architecture, is a chapel built within a castle.

A parecclesion or parakklesion is a type of side chapel found in Byzantine architecture.

Chapel [SEP] Types of chapel


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: what are the types of the third one?

Context: Bridge chapel, castle chapel, and parecclesion

Question: what is the purpose of it?

Answer: Prayer and worship

Chapel [SEP] Introduction

A chapel is a Christian place of prayer and worship that is usually relatively small, and is distinguished from a church. The term has several senses. Firstly, smaller spaces inside a church that have their own altar are often called chapels; the Lady chapel is a common type of these. Secondly, a chapel is a place of worship, sometimes non-denominational, that is part of a building or complex with some other main purpose, such as a school, college, hospital, palace or large aristocratic house, castle, barracks, prison, funeral home, cemetery, airport, or a military or commercial ship. Thirdly, chapels are small places of worship, built as satellite sites by a church or monastery, for example in remote areas; these are often called a chapel of ease.


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: what are the types of the third one?

Context: what is the purpose of it?

Context: Prayer and worship

Question: where does the latter term comes from?

Answer: Old English "weorþscipe"

Explanation: The word is derived from the Old English weorþscipe, meaning "to venerate "worship, honour shown to an object", which has been etymologised as ""worthiness" or "worth-ship""—to give, at its simplest, worth to something.

Worship [SEP] Etymology


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: what are the types of the third one?

Context: what is the purpose of it?

Context: Prayer and worship

Context: where does the latter term comes from?

Context: Old English "weorþscipe"

Question: what does it refer to in buddhism?

Answer: May take innumerable forms given the doctrine of skillful means; guru yoga, mandala, thanka, etc.

Worship [SEP] Buddhism

Worship in Buddhism may take innumerable forms given the doctrine of skillful means. Worship is evident in Buddhism in such forms as: guru yoga, mandala, thanka, yantra yoga, the discipline of the fighting monks of Shaolin, panchamrita, mantra recitation, tea ceremony, ganacakra, amongst others. Buddhist Devotion is an important part of the practice of most Buddhists. According to a spokesman of the Sasana Council of Burma, devotion to Buddhist spiritual practices inspires devotion to the Triple Gem. Most Buddhists use ritual in pursuit of their spiritual aspirations. In Buddhism, puja (Sanskrit & Pali: pūjā) are expressions of "honour, worship and devotional attention." Acts of puja include bowing, making offerings and chanting.


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: what are the types of the third one?

Context: what is the purpose of it?

Context: Prayer and worship

Context: where does the latter term comes from?

Context: Old English "weorþscipe"

Context: what does it refer to in buddhism?

Context: May take innumerable forms given the doctrine of skillful means; guru yoga, mandala, thanka, etc.

Question: what  is the meaning of second skillful means you just mentioned?

Answer: A geometric configuration of symbols.

Mandala [SEP] Introduction

A mandala (emphasis on first syllable; Sanskrit मण्डल, maṇḍala – literally "circle") is a geometric configuration of symbols. In various spiritual traditions, mandalas may be employed for focusing attention of practitioners and adepts, as a spiritual guidance tool, for establishing a sacred space and as an aid to meditation and trance induction. In the Eastern religions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Shintoism it is used as a map representing deities, or specially in the case of Shintoism, paradises, kami or actual shrines. In New Age, the mandala is a diagram, chart or geometric pattern that represents the cosmos metaphysically or symbolically; a time-microcosm of the universe, but it originally meant to represent wholeness and a model for the organizational structure of life itself, a cosmic diagram that shows the relation to the infinite and the world that extends beyond and within minds and bodies.


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: what are the types of the third one?

Context: what is the purpose of it?

Context: Prayer and worship

Context: where does the latter term comes from?

Context: Old English "weorþscipe"

Context: what does it refer to in buddhism?

Context: what  is the meaning of second skillful means you just mentioned?

Context: A geometric configuration of symbols.

Question: is it used in offerings?

Answer: Yes

Mandala [SEP] Offerings

A "mandala offering" in Tibetan Buddhism is a symbolic offering of the entire universe. Every intricate detail of these mandalas is fixed in the tradition and has specific symbolic meanings, often on more than one level. Whereas the above mandala represents the pure surroundings of a Buddha, this mandala represents the universe. This type of mandala is used for the mandala-offerings, during which one symbolically offers the universe to the Buddhas or to one's teacher. Within Vajrayana practice, 100,000 of these mandala offerings (to create merit) can be part of the preliminary practices before a student even begins actual tantric practices.


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: what are the types of the third one?

Context: what is the purpose of it?

Context: Prayer and worship

Context: where does the latter term comes from?

Context: Old English "weorþscipe"

Context: what does it refer to in buddhism?

Context: A geometric configuration of symbols.

Context: is it used in offerings?

Context: Yes

Question: what is its role in architecture?

Answer: Serve as blueprint or plan to design Buddhist structures,

Mandala [SEP] In architecture

Buddhist architecture often applied mandala as the blueprint or plan to design Buddhist structures, including temple complex and stupas. A notable example of mandala in architecture is the 9th century Borobudur in Central Java, Indonesia. It is built as a large stupa surrounded by smaller ones arranged on terraces formed as a stepped pyramid, and when viewed from above, takes the form of a giant tantric Buddhist mandala, simultaneously representing the Buddhist cosmology and the nature of mind. Other temples from the same period that also have mandala plans include Sewu, Plaosan and Prambanan. Similar mandala designs are also observable in Cambodia, Thailand and Myanmar.


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: what are the types of the third one?

Context: what is the purpose of it?

Context: Prayer and worship

Context: where does the latter term comes from?

Context: Old English "weorþscipe"

Context: what does it refer to in buddhism?

Context: A geometric configuration of symbols.

Context: is it used in offerings?

Context: Yes

Context: what is its role in architecture?

Context: Serve as blueprint or plan to design Buddhist structures,

Question: when did the mentioned faith's architecture emerged?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Mandala [SEP] In architecture


Context: who built the melbourne castle?

Context: Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster

Context: when was it built?

Context: 1311 - 1322

Context: what rooms can you find in this castle?

Context: what are the types of the third one?

Context: what is the purpose of it?

Context: Prayer and worship

Context: where does the latter term comes from?

Context: Old English "weorþscipe"

Context: what does it refer to in buddhism?

Context: A geometric configuration of symbols.

Context: is it used in offerings?

Context: Yes

Context: what is its role in architecture?

Context: when did the mentioned faith's architecture emerged?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what are its contemporary uses?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Mandala [SEP] In architecture


Question: how many mp is the iphone 6 front camera

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

IPhone 6 [SEP] Introduction

The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. They are the eighth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 5S, and were announced on September 9, 2014 and released on September 19, 2014. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly were themselves replaced as the flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015. The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus include larger displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi-Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications-based mobile payments offering.


Context: how many mp is the iphone 6 front camera

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when did this phone first come out in the market?

Answer: September 19, 2014

Explanation: They are the eighth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 5S, and were announced on September 9, 2014 and released on September 19, 2014.

IPhone 6 [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when did this phone first come out in the market?

Context: September 19, 2014

Question: which company does this iphone belong to?

Answer: Apple Inc.

Explanation: The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc.

IPhone 6 [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: which company does this iphone belong to?

Context: Apple Inc.

Question: when was this company founded?

Answer: April 1976

Apple Inc. [SEP] Introduction

Its online services include the iTunes Store, the iOS App Store, Mac App Store, Apple Music, Apple TV+, iMessage, and iCloud. Other services include Apple Store, Genius Bar, AppleCare, Apple Pay, Apple Pay Cash, and Apple Card. Apple was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne in April 1976 to develop and sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer, though Wayne sold his share back within 12 days. It was incorporated as Apple Computer, Inc., in January 1977, and sales of its computers, including the Apple II, grew quickly. Within a few years, Jobs and Wozniak had hired a staff of computer designers and had a production line.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Question: and who founded it?

Answer: Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne

Explanation: Apple was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne in April 1976 to

Apple Inc. [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne

Question: how is apple related to macintosh?

Answer: Apple launched the Macintosh, the first personal computer to be sold without a programming language

Apple Inc. [SEP] 1984–1991: Success with Macintosh

In 1984, Apple launched the Macintosh, the first personal computer to be sold without a programming language. Its debut was signified by "1984", a $1.5 million television advertisement directed by Ridley Scott that aired during the third quarter of Super Bowl XVIII on January 22, 1984. This is now hailed as a watershed event for Apple's success and was called a "masterpiece" by CNN and one of the greatest TV advertisements of all time by "TV Guide". Macintosh sales were initially good, but began to taper off dramatically after the first three months due to its high price, slow speed, and limited range of available software.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: how is apple related to macintosh?

Context: Apple launched the Macintosh, the first personal computer to be sold without a programming language

Question: can you tell me a few products that apple produces?

Answer: iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch

Apple Inc. [SEP] Introduction

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. It is considered one of the Big Tech technology companies, alongside Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and Facebook. The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, the AirPods wireless earbuds and the HomePod smart speaker. Apple's software includes macOS, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, and tvOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, the Shazam music identifier and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, and Xcode.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: how is apple related to macintosh?

Context: can you tell me a few products that apple produces?

Context: iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch

Question: who is the design of the logo attributed to?

Answer: Rob Janoff

Apple Inc. [SEP] Logo

According to Steve Jobs, the company's name was inspired by his visit to an apple farm while on a fruitarian diet. Jobs thought the name "Apple" was "fun, spirited and not intimidating". Apple's first logo, designed by Ron Wayne, depicts Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree. It was almost immediately replaced by Rob Janoff's "rainbow Apple", the now-familiar rainbow-colored silhouette of an apple with a bite taken out of it. Janoff presented Jobs with several different monochromatic themes for the "bitten" logo, and Jobs immediately took a liking to it. However, Jobs insisted that the logo be colorized to humanize the company.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: how is apple related to macintosh?

Context: who is the design of the logo attributed to?

Context: Rob Janoff

Question: does this company also have a charitable trust?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Apple Inc. [SEP] Logo


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: how is apple related to macintosh?

Context: Rob Janoff

Context: does this company also have a charitable trust?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what kind of chipsets does the iphone 6 have?

Answer: Apple A8 system-on-chip, and an M8 motion co-processor

IPhone 6 [SEP] Chipsets

Both models include an Apple A8 system-on-chip, and an M8 motion co-processor—an update of the M7 chip from the iPhone 5s. The primary difference between the M8 and the original M7 coprocessor is that the M8 also includes a barometer to measure altitude changes. Phil Schiller touted that the A8 chip would provide, in comparison to the 5s, a 25% increase in CPU performance, a 50% increase in graphics performance, and less heat output. Early hands-on reports suggested that the A8's GPU performance might indeed break away from previous generations doubling of performance at each yearly release, scoring 21204.26 in Base mark X compared to 20253.80, 10973.36 and 5034.75 on respectively the 5s, 5 and 4s.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: how is apple related to macintosh?

Context: Rob Janoff

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what kind of chipsets does the iphone 6 have?

Context: Apple A8 system-on-chip, and an M8 motion co-processor

Question: does this version of iphone also have good connectivity?

Answer: Yes. The expanded LTE connectivity is improved to LTE Advanced, with support for over 20 LTE bands

IPhone 6 [SEP] Connectivity

The expanded LTE connectivity on the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus is improved to LTE Advanced, with support for over 20 LTE bands (seven more than the iPhone 5s), for up to 150 Mbit/s download speed, and VoLTE support. Wi-Fi performance has been improved with support for 802.11ac specifications, providing speeds up to 433.0581 Mbit/s—which is up to three times faster than 802.11n, along with Wi-Fi Calling support where available. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus adds support for near-field communications (NFC). It is initially used exclusively for Apple Pay—a new mobile payments system which allows users to store their credit cards in Passbook for use with online payments and retail purchases over NFC.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: how is apple related to macintosh?

Context: Rob Janoff

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does this version of iphone also have good connectivity?

Context: Yes. The expanded LTE connectivity is improved to LTE Advanced, with support for over 20 LTE bands

Question: did the iphone have any hardware issues?

Answer: Yes. Concerns surrounding their rigidity (which led to incidents surrounding chassis bending, as well as degradation or outright loss of touchscreen functionality)

IPhone 6 [SEP] Hardware issues

The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus were affected by a number of notable hardware-related issues, including but not limited to concerns surrounding their rigidity (which led to incidents surrounding chassis bending, as well as degradation or outright loss of touchscreen functionality), performance issues on models with larger storage capacity, camera problems on the 6 Plus model, as well as an initially undocumented "error 53" that appeared under certain circumstances.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: how is apple related to macintosh?

Context: Rob Janoff

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did the iphone have any hardware issues?

Context: Yes. Concerns surrounding their rigidity (which led to incidents surrounding chassis bending, as well as degradation or outright loss of touchscreen functionality)

Question: what did error 53 mean for this iphone?

Answer: Some hardware integrity checks would trigger an unrecoverable loop into "Recovery Mode" if iOS is updated or restored, with attempts to restore the device via iTunes software resulting in an "error 53" message

Explanation: It was reported these same hardware integrity checks would trigger an unrecoverable loop into "Recovery Mode" if iOS is updated or restored, with attempts to restore the device via iTunes software resulting in an "error 53" message.

IPhone 6 [SEP] "Error 53"

Beyond the explanation that this is related to hardware integrity errors regarding Touch ID components, Apple provided no official explanation of what specifically triggers error 53 or how it can be fixed without replacing the entire device. On February 18, 2016, Apple released an iOS 9.2.1 patch through iTunes which addresses this issue and admitted that error 53 was actually related to a diagnostic check for inspecting the Touch ID hardware before an iPhone is shipped from its factories.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: September 19, 2014

Context: Apple Inc.

Context: when was this company founded?

Context: April 1976

Context: and who founded it?

Context: how is apple related to macintosh?

Context: Rob Janoff

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what did error 53 mean for this iphone?

Context: Some hardware integrity checks would trigger an unrecoverable loop into "Recovery Mode" if iOS is updated or restored, with attempts to restore the device via iTunes software resulting in an "error 53" message

Question: how much sales did this iphone make when it first came out?

Answer: 10 million devices were sold in the first three days

IPhone 6 [SEP] Sales

Apple Inc. announced that, within 24 hours of availability, over 4 million pre-orders of the iPhone 6 and 6 Plus were made, exceeding the supply available—an Apple record. 10 million iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus devices were sold in the first three days, marking an Apple record. Apple iPhone 6S & 6S Plus were introduced in September 2015 selling 13 million units which set the record for sales in the first three days from last years release. Three months after its release, the iPhone 6 generated 71.5 million unit sales. During their lifetime, the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus sold a total of more than 220 million, making them the best selling iPhone models and one of the best selling mobile phones of all time.


Question: where did cyclone althea hit?

Answer: North Queensland in Australia

Cyclone Althea [SEP] Introduction

Severe Tropical Cyclone Althea was a powerful tropical cyclone that devastated parts of North Queensland just before Christmas 1971. One of the strongest storms ever to affect the Townsville area, Althea was the fourth system and second severe tropical cyclone of the 1971–72 Australian region cyclone season. After forming near the Solomon Islands on 19 December and heading southwest across the Coral Sea, the storm reached its peak intensity with 10-minute average maximum sustained winds of 130 km/h (80 mph) – Category 3 on the Australian cyclone scale. At 09:00 AEST on Christmas Eve, Althea struck the coast of Queensland near Rollingstone, about north of Townsville.


Context:
where did cyclone althea hit?
North Queensland in Australia

Question: mention a few tourist spots at the place mentioned above in australia?

Answer: Great Barrier Reef; the rainforests in the Wet Tropics of Queensland; Magnetic Island

North Queensland [SEP] Tourism

The region has a number of significant tourist attractions including the Great Barrier Reef and reef islands, rainforests in the Wet Tropics of Queensland, Eungella, Magnetic Island, and the Whitsunday Islands. The region has 36 national parks.


Context: where did cyclone althea hit?

Context: North Queensland in Australia

Context: mention a few tourist spots at the place mentioned above in australia?

Context: Great Barrier Reef; the rainforests in the Wet Tropics of Queensland; Magnetic Island

Question: what kind of hunting takes place at the first tourist spot?

Answer: Hunting for Dugongs and green turtles

Explanation:
Under the Native Title Act 1993, native title holders retain the right to legally hunt dugongs and green turtles for "personal, domestic or non-commercial communal needs".

Four traditional owners groups agreed to cease the hunting of dugongs in the area in 2011 due to their declining numbers, partially accelerated by seagrass damage from Cyclone Yasi.

Great Barrier Reef [SEP] Dugong hunting


Context: where did cyclone althea hit?

Context: North Queensland in Australia

Context: what kind of hunting takes place at the first tourist spot?

Context: Hunting for Dugongs and green turtles

Question: where did the first animal get its name from?

Answer: The name derives from the Visayan

Dugong [SEP] Etymology and taxonomy

The word "dugong" derives from the Visayan (probably Cebuano) "". The name was first adopted and popularized by the French naturalist Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, as ""dugon"" in "Histoire Naturelle" (1765), after descriptions of the animal from the island of Leyte in the Philippines. Other common local names include "sea cow", "sea pig" and "sea camel". "Dugong dugon" is the only extant species of the family Dugongidae, and one of only four extant species of the Sirenia order, the others forming the manatee family. It was first classified by Müller in 1776 as "Trichechus dugon", a member of the manatee genus previously defined by Linnaeus.


Context: where did cyclone althea hit?

Context: North Queensland in Australia

Context: Hunting for Dugongs and green turtles

Context: where did the first animal get its name from?

Context: The name derives from the Visayan

Question: give a few details on its anatomy?

Answer: Large, cylindrical shaped body that tapers at both ends with a large horseshoe-shaped muscular upper lip. It has a tail fluke and flippers.

Explanation:
The dugong's body is large with a cylindrical shape that tapers at both ends. It has thick, smooth skin that is a pale cream colour at birth, but darkens dorsally and laterally to brownish-to-dark-grey with age. The colour of a dugong can change due to the growth of algae on the skin. The body is sparsely covered in short hair, a common feature among sirenians which may allow for tactile interpretation of their environment. These hairs are most developed around the mouth, which has a large horseshoe-shaped upper lip forming a highly mobile muzzle. This muscular upper lip aids the dugong in foraging.
The dugong's tail flukes and flippers are similar to those of dolphins

Dugong [SEP] Anatomy and morphology

The skull of a dugong is unique. The skull is enlarged with sharply down-turned premaxilla, which are stronger in males. The spine has between 57 and 60 vertebrae. Unlike in manatees, the dugong's teeth do not continually grow back via horizontal tooth replacement. The dugong has two incisors (tusks) which emerge in males during puberty. The female's tusks continue to grow without emerging during puberty, sometimes erupting later in life after reaching the base of the premaxilla. The number of growth layer groups in a tusk indicates the age of a dugong, and the cheekteeth move forward with age. The full dental formula of dugongs is , meaning they have two incisors, three premolars, and three molars on each side of their upper jaw, and three incisors, one canine, three premolars, and three molars on each side of their lower jaw.


Context: where did cyclone althea hit?

Context: North Queensland in Australia

Context: Hunting for Dugongs and green turtles

Context: The name derives from the Visayan

Context: give a few details on its anatomy?

Context: Large, cylindrical shaped body that tapers at both ends with a large horseshoe-shaped muscular upper lip. It has a tail fluke and flippers.

Question: is it extinct at a particular place?

Answer: Yes, in the Mediterranean sea and in Seychelles

Dugong [SEP] Extinct Mediterranean population

It has been confirmed that dugongs once inhabited the water of the Mediterranean possibly until after the rise of civilizations along the inland sea. This population possibly shared ancestry with the Red Sea population, and the Mediterranean population had never been large due to geographical factors and climate changes. The Mediterranean is the region where the Dugongidae originated in the mid-late Eocene, along with Caribbean Sea.


Context: where did cyclone althea hit?

Context: North Queensland in Australia

Context: Hunting for Dugongs and green turtles

Context: The name derives from the Visayan

Context: give a few details on its anatomy?

Context: is it extinct at a particular place?

Context: Yes, in the Mediterranean sea and in Seychelles

Question: what kind of importance does the creature have to humans?

Answer: Dugong meat and oil have traditionally been some of the most valuable foods Australian aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders; In Papua New Guinea they are seen as a symbol of strength.

Explanation: Dugong meat and oil have traditionally been some of the most valuable foods of Australian aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders. Some aborigines regard dugongs as part of their Aboriginality. Dugongs have also played a role in legends in Kenya, and the animal is known there as the "Queen of the Sea". Body parts are used as food, medicine, and decorations. In the Gulf states, dugongs served not only as a source of food, but their tusks were used as sword handles. Dugong oil is important as a preservative and conditioner for wooden boats to people around the Gulf of Kutch in India, who also believe the meat to be an aphrodisiac. Dugong ribs were used to make carvings in Japan. In Southern China dugongs were traditionally regarded as a "miraculous fish", and it was bad luck to catch them. A wave of immigration beginning at the end of the 1950s resulted in dugongs being hunted for food. In the Philippines, dugongs are thought to bring bad luck, and parts of them are used to ward against e

Dugong [SEP] Importance to humans

Dugongs have historically provided easy targets for hunters, who killed them for their meat, oil, skin, and bones. As the anthropologist A. Asbjørn Jøn has noted, they are often considered as the inspiration for mermaids, and people around the world developed cultures around dugong hunting. In some areas it remains an animal of great significance, and a growing ecotourism industry around dugongs has had an economic benefit in some countries. There is a 5,000-year-old wall painting of a dugong, apparently drawn by neolithic peoples, in Tambun Cave, Ipoh, Malaysia. This was discovered by Lieutenant R.L Rawlings in 1959 while on a routine patrol.