Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the movie released ?

Context: August 11, 1973

Context: who produced it ?

Context: Francis Ford Coppola

Context: what was its plot ?

Context: name some of its cast members ?

Context: where did the filming take place ?

Context: any awards won by it ?

Context: who composed music for this film ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the last actor mentioned ?

Context: where was he born ?

Context: Chicago, Illinois

Context: what are his political views ?

Context: how was he involved in aviation ?

Context: name some awards he has won ?

Context: who is he married to ?

Context: Calista Flockhart

Context: where was she born ?

Context: She was born in Freeport, Illinois

Question: who is she ?

Answer: She is an American actress

Calista Flockhart [SEP] Introduction

Calista Kay Flockhart (born November 11, 1964) is an American actress. On television, she is best known for her roles as the title character on "Ally McBeal" (1997–2002), Kitty Walker on "Brothers & Sisters" (2006–2011), and Cat Grant on "Supergirl" (2015–2019). In film, she is known for roles in "The Birdcage" (1996), "A Midsummer Night's Dream" (1999), and "Things You Can Tell Just by Looking at Her" (2000). Flockhart has received a Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award, and been nominated for three Primetime Emmy Awards. She is married to actor Harrison Ford.


Question: which country is the 'whitechapel road' found in?

Answer: England

Whitechapel Road [SEP] Introduction

Whitechapel Road is a major arterial road in Whitechapel, Tower Hamlets, in the East End of London. It is named after a small chapel of ease dedicated to St Mary and connects Aldgate to the west (as Whitechapel High Street) with Mile End Road to the east. The road is part of the historic Roman road from London to Colchester, now the A11. The road had become built up by the 19th century and is now a main shopping district in the Whitechapel area. Along the road, there is an established market, Whitechapel station and the Royal London Hospital. It remains an important road and is marked with bus lanes, with limited parking.


Context: which country is the 'whitechapel road' found in?

Context: England

Question: in which country is it located?

Answer: England

Whitechapel Road [SEP] Introduction


Context: England

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England

Question: in which 'county' is that avenue located?

Answer: East End of London

Whitechapel Road [SEP] Introduction


Context: England

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England

Context: in which 'county' is that avenue located?

Context: East End of London

Question: what is special about this avenue?

Answer: It is named after a small chapel of ease dedicated to St Mary and connects Aldgate to the west (as Whitechapel High Street) with Mile End Road to the east.

Explanation: Whitechapel Road is a major arterial road in Whitechapel, Tower Hamlets, in the East End of London. It is named after a small chapel of ease dedicated to St Mary and connects Aldgate to the west (as Whitechapel High Street) with Mile End Road to the east. The road is part of the historic Roman road from London to Colchester, now the A11.

Whitechapel Road [SEP] Introduction

Several ethnic minority communities have centred on Whitechapel Road. The road was a focal point of the Jewish Community from the 1850s to the 1930s, with many Jewish shops and market stalls. Towards the latter part of the 20th century, the street became an established settlement of the British Bangladeshi community, who now sell a range of authentic Asian food and clothes in the market and on shop fronts. Altab Ali Park sits on the site of the original church at the western end of Whitechapel Road, and is a memorial to an Asian worker who suffered a fatal racial attack in 1978.


Context: England

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England

Context: East End of London

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: It is named after a small chapel of ease dedicated to St Mary and connects Aldgate to the west (as Whitechapel High Street) with Mile End Road to the east.

Question: when was this avenue first built?

Answer: 19th century

Explanation: The road had become built up by the 19th century and is now a main shopping district in the Whitechapel area.

Whitechapel Road [SEP] Introduction


Context: England

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England

Context: East End of London

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: when was this avenue first built?

Context: 19th century

Question: is this a residential area or a commercial area or both?

Answer: It is a commercial area

Explanation: The road had become built up by the 19th century and is now a main shopping district in the Whitechapel area. Along the road, there is an established market, Whitechapel station and the Royal London Hospital. It remains an important road and is marked with bus lanes, with limited parking.

Whitechapel Road [SEP] Introduction


Context: England

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England

Context: East End of London

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: when was this avenue first built?

Context: 19th century

Context: is this a residential area or a commercial area or both?

Context: It is a commercial area

Question: can you name a few commercial buildings or shops in this area?

Answer: Market, Whitechapel station and the Royal London Hospital.

Explanation: The road had become built up by the 19th century and is now a main shopping district in the Whitechapel area. Along the road, there is an established market, Whitechapel station and the Royal London Hospital.

Whitechapel Road [SEP] Introduction


Context: England

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England

Context: East End of London

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: when was this avenue first built?

Context: 19th century

Context: It is a commercial area

Context: can you name a few commercial buildings or shops in this area?

Context: Market, Whitechapel station and the Royal London Hospital.

Question: when was the last one mentioned above established?

Answer: September 1740

Royal London Hospital [SEP] Introduction

The Royal London Hospital is a large teaching hospital in Whitechapel in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is part of Barts Health NHS Trust. The Royal London provides district general hospital services for the City and Tower Hamlets and specialist tertiary care services for patients from across London and elsewhere. There are 845 beds, 110 wards and 26 operating theatres at the Royal London Hospital. The new building opened in February 2012. The Royal London was founded in September 1740 and was originally named the London Infirmary. The name changed to the London Hospital in 1748, and in 1990 to the Royal London Hospital.


Context: England

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England

Context: East End of London

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: when was this avenue first built?

Context: 19th century

Context: It is a commercial area

Context: when was the last one mentioned above established?

Context: September 1740

Question: who were its founders?

Answer: It was founded by seven gentlemen who met in the Feathers Tavern in Cheapside in the City of London to subscribe to the formation of an "intended new infirmary".

Royal London Hospital [SEP] Early history

By the middle of the 18th century there were five voluntary hospitals in London (St Bartholomew's, Guy's, St Thomas', Westminster and St George's) which provided free medical care to those who could not afford it. However, none was located in the east of the City, where it could have served the comparatively impoverished and rapidly growing population there; this was the void that the London Hospital was to fill. The institution that was to become the Royal London Hospital was founded on 23 September 1740, when seven gentlemen met in the Feathers Tavern in Cheapside in the City of London to subscribe to the formation of an "intended new infirmary".


Context: England

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England

Context: East End of London

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: when was this avenue first built?

Context: 19th century

Context: It is a commercial area

Context: September 1740

Context: who were its founders?

Context: It was founded by seven gentlemen who met in the Feathers Tavern in Cheapside in the City of London to subscribe to the formation of an "intended new infirmary".

Question: what are the various departments and centers in this building?

Answer: Major Trauma Centre

Royal London Hospital [SEP] Emergency Department and Major Trauma Centre

Barts and the London NHS Trust, now absorbed into Barts Health NHS Trust, consists of four hospitals, St. Bartholomew's, the Royal London, Whipps Cross and Newham General. The Royal London Hospital is the busiest trauma centre in the UK, treating over 1,255 injury patients daily. The Queen Mary University of London Centre for Trauma Sciences, part of Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, has a strong clinical partnership with the hospital's Major Trauma Centre. The Royal London Hospital is part of a citywide initiative to transform London's emergency and trauma services. In 2010, the London Trauma System was implemented.


Question: who was elected after the 2009 liberal party of australia leadership spill?

Answer: Tony Abbott

Explanation: Tony Abbott

2009 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill [SEP] Introduction

A leadership spill for the Liberal Party of Australia was held on 1 December 2009. The incumbent leader Malcolm Turnbull was defeated by Tony Abbott on the second ballot; Joe Hockey also stood as a candidate. Abbott thus replaced Turnbull as Leader of the Opposition, and would lead the party to the 2010 federal election. The spill was the culmination of a dispute within the Liberal Party over its response to the Rudd Government's proposed emissions trading scheme (ETS). Turnbull supported the introduction of an ETS and sought to negotiate amendments to government's proposed legislation. Abbott came to represent many Liberal MPs who were climate change sceptics or otherwise opposed the ETS.


Context: who was elected after the 2009 liberal party of australia leadership spill?

Context: Tony Abbott

Question: who was he?

Answer: He  is an Australian former politician.

Tony Abbott [SEP] Introduction

Anthony John Abbott, (born 4 November 1957) is an Australian former politician who served as the 28th Prime Minister of Australia from 2013 to 2015 and leader of the Liberal Party from 2009 to 2015. He served as Leader of the Opposition from 2009 to 2013, and as Member of Parliament (MP) for Warringah from 1994 to 2019. He is currently an adviser to the British government's Board of Trade. Abbott was born in London to an Australian mother and a British father, and moved to Sydney at the age of two. He studied economics and law at the University of Sydney, and then attended The Queen's College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar, studying Philosophy, Politics and Economics.


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Question: what political positions has he assumed?

Answer: Prime Minister, leader, Minister for Employment Services etc

Explanation: Prime Minister

Tony Abbott [SEP] Introduction


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Context: what political positions has he assumed?

Context: Prime Minister, leader, Minister for Employment Services etc

Question: has he written any book?

Answer: Yes, Battlelines, The Minimal Monarchy and How to Win the Constitutional War

Explanation: Battlelines

Tony Abbott [SEP] Writings

Abbott has published four books. In 2009, he launched "Battlelines"; a personal biography, reflections on the Howard Government and discussion of potential policy directions for the Liberal Party of Australia. Previously he had published two books in defence of the existing constitutional monarchy system, "The Minimal Monarchy" and "How to Win the Constitutional War". In 2012, he released a compilation of key speeches from that year, entitled "A Strong Australia".


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Context: has he written any book?

Context: Yes, Battlelines, The Minimal Monarchy and How to Win the Constitutional War

Question: when?

Answer: He launched Battlelines in 2009.

Tony Abbott [SEP] Writings


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Context: has he written any book?

Context: when?

Context: He launched Battlelines in 2009.

Question: which party did he represent?

Answer: Liberal Party

Explanation: Liberal Party

Tony Abbott [SEP] Introduction


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Context: has he written any book?

Context: when?

Context: He launched Battlelines in 2009.

Context: which party did he represent?

Context: Liberal Party

Question: whom did he defeat after the spill?

Answer: Malcolm Turnbull

2009 Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill

Explanation: Malcolm Turnbull


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Context: has he written any book?

Context: when?

Context: He launched Battlelines in 2009.

Context: which party did he represent?

Context: Liberal Party

Context: whom did he defeat after the spill?

Context: Malcolm Turnbull

Question: where did he study?

Answer: Vaucluse Public School, Sydney Grammar Preparatory School, University of Sydney etc

Explanation: Vaucluse Public School

Malcolm Turnbull [SEP] Early life and education

Turnbull's parents married in December 1955, fourteen months after his birth. They separated when he was nine, with his mother leaving first for New Zealand and then the United States. Turnbull was from then raised solely by his father. Turnbull suffered from asthma as a young child. Turnbull spent his first three years of school at Vaucluse Public School. He then boarded at Sydney Grammar Preparatory School in St Ives, before attending Grammar's high school campus on College Street on a partial scholarship. During this time he lived at the school's former Randwick boarding facilities. He was made senior school co-captain in 1972, as well as winning the Lawrence Campbell Oratory Competition, excelling particularly in the literary subjects such as English and history.


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Context: has he written any book?

Context: when?

Context: He launched Battlelines in 2009.

Context: which party did he represent?

Context: Liberal Party

Context: whom did he defeat after the spill?

Context: Malcolm Turnbull

Context: where did he study?

Context: Vaucluse Public School, Sydney Grammar Preparatory School, University of Sydney etc

Question: when did he become the minister for the first time?

Answer: In 2010 federal election he was made Shadow Minister for Communications

Explanation: 2010 federal election

Malcolm Turnbull [SEP] Shadow Minister (2010–2013)

At the 2010 federal election, Turnbull was re-elected with an 11.01% two-party swing towards him. After discussing the possibility of a return to the Shadow Cabinet with Tony Abbott, Turnbull was made Shadow Minister for Communications. In his first policy announcement in the role, Turnbull stated that a Coalition Government would "demolish" the recently introduced National Broadband Network. Delivering the 2012 Alfred Deakin Lecture on digital liberty, he spoke out strongly against the Gillard Government's proposed two-year data retention law. In July 2012, Turnbull was criticised by some Liberal MPs for saying that civil unions should be introduced as a first step towards establishing same-sex marriage in Australia.


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Context: has he written any book?

Context: when?

Context: He launched Battlelines in 2009.

Context: which party did he represent?

Context: Liberal Party

Context: whom did he defeat after the spill?

Context: Malcolm Turnbull

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he become the minister for the first time?

Context: In 2010 federal election he was made Shadow Minister for Communications

Question: how was he honored?

Answer: He received the Centenary Medal for services to the corporate sector.

Malcolm Turnbull [SEP] Honours

On 1 January 2001, Turnbull received the Centenary Medal for services to the corporate sector.


Context: Tony Abbott

Context: who was he?

Context: He  is an Australian former politician.

Context: has he written any book?

Context: when?

Context: He launched Battlelines in 2009.

Context: which party did he represent?

Context: Liberal Party

Context: whom did he defeat after the spill?

Context: Malcolm Turnbull

Context: where did he study?

Context: how was he honored?

Context: He received the Centenary Medal for services to the corporate sector.

Question: what does the medal refer to?

Answer: It was established to commemorate the Centenary of Federation of Australia and to recognise "people who made a contribution to Australian society or government".

Centenary Medal [SEP] Introduction

The Centenary Medal was an award created by the Australian Government in 2001. It was established to commemorate the Centenary of Federation of Australia and to recognise "people who made a contribution to Australian society or government".. It was also awarded to centenarians: Australian citizens born on or before 31 December 1901 who lived to celebrate the centenary of federation on 1 January 2001. Nominations were assessed by a panel chaired by Professor Geoffrey Blainey, a historian.


Question: what is the frequency of scoops (magazine)?

Answer: Weekly

Scoops (magazine) [SEP] Introduction

Scoops was a weekly British science fiction magazine published by Pearson's in tabloid format in 1934, edited by Haydn Dimmock. "Scoops" was launched as a boy's paper, and it was not until several issues had appeared that Dimmock discovered there was an adult audience for science fiction. Circulation was poor, and Dimmock attempted to change the magazine's focus to more mature material. He reprinted Arthur Conan Doyle's "The Poison Belt", improved the cover art, and obtained fiction from British science fiction writers such as John Russell Fearn and Maurice Hugi, but to no avail. Pearson's cancelled the magazine because of poor sales; the twentieth issue, dated 23 June 1934, was the last.


Context: what is the frequency of scoops (magazine)?

Context: Weekly

Question: what type of magazine is it?

Answer: Science fiction magazine

Scoops (magazine) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Question: who are the publishers?

Answer: Pearson's

Explanation: Scoops was a weekly British science fiction magazine published by Pearson's

Scoops (magazine) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Question: when did this genre originate?

Answer: Early 1900s

Science fiction magazine [SEP] History of science fiction magazines

Malcolm Edwards and Peter Nicholls write that early magazines were not known as science fiction: "if there were any need to differentiate them, the terms scientific romance or 'different stories' might be used, but until the appearance of a magazine specifically devoted to sf there was no need of a label to describe the category. The first specialized English-language pulps with a leaning towards the fantastic were "Thrill Book" (1919) and "Weird Tales" (1923), but the editorial policy of both was aimed much more towards weird-occult fiction than towards sf." Major American science fiction magazines include "Amazing Stories", "Astounding Science Fiction", "Galaxy Science Fiction", "The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction" and "Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine".


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Question: when did it first appear in film?

Answer: 1902

Science fiction [SEP] Film

The first, or at least one of the first, recorded science fiction film is 1902's "A Trip to the Moon", directed by French filmmaker Georges Méliès. It was profoundly influential on later filmmakers, bringing a different kind of creativity and fantasy to the cinematic medium. In addition, Méliès's innovative editing and special effects techniques were widely imitated and became important elements of the medium. 1927's "Metropolis", directed by Fritz Lang, is the first feature-length science fiction film. Though not well received in its time, it is now considered a great and influential film. In 1954, "Godzilla", directed by Ishirō Honda, began the kaiju subgenre of science fiction film, which feature large creatures of any form, usually attacking a major city or engaging other monsters in battle.


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Context: when did it first appear in film?

Question: which was the movie?

Answer: A Trip to the Moon

Science fiction [SEP] Film


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Context: when did it first appear in film?

Context: which was the movie?

Context: A Trip to the Moon

Question: when was this movie released?

Answer: 1902

A Trip to the Moon [SEP] Release

Méliès, who had begun "A Trip to the Moon" in May 1902, finished the film in August of that year and began selling prints to French distributors in the same month. From September through December 1902, a hand-colored print of "A Trip to the Moon" was screened at Méliès's Théâtre Robert-Houdin in Paris. The film was shown after Saturday and Thursday matinee performances by Méliès's colleague and fellow magician, Jules-Eugène Legris, who appeared as the leader of the parade in the two final scenes. Méliès sold black-and-white and color prints of the film through his Star Film Company, where the film was assigned the catalogue number 399–411 and given the descriptive subtitle "Pièce à grand spectacle en 30 tableaux".


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Context: when did it first appear in film?

Context: which was the movie?

Context: A Trip to the Moon

Context: when was this movie released?

Question: who is the main character in it?

Answer: Professor Barbenfouillis, Nostradamus, Alcofrisbas, Omega, Micromegas and Parafaragaramus

A Trip to the Moon [SEP] Plot

At a meeting of the Astronomy Club, its president, Professor Barbenfouillis, proposes an expedition to the Moon. After addressing some dissent, five other brave astronomers—Nostradamus, Alcofrisbas, Omega, Micromegas, and Parafaragaramus—agree to the plan. A space capsule in the shape of a bullet is built, along with a huge cannon to shoot it into space. The astronomers embark and their capsule is fired from the cannon with the help of "marines", most of whom are played by a bevy of young women in sailors' outfits. The Man in the Moon watches the capsule as it approaches, and it hits him in the eye.


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Context: when did it first appear in film?

Context: which was the movie?

Context: A Trip to the Moon

Context: when was this movie released?

Context: who is the main character in it?

Context: Professor Barbenfouillis, Nostradamus, Alcofrisbas, Omega, Micromegas and Parafaragaramus

Question: who are the actors who played these characters?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

A Trip to the Moon [SEP] Plot


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Context: when did it first appear in film?

Context: which was the movie?

Context: A Trip to the Moon

Context: when was this movie released?

Context: who is the main character in it?

Context: who are the actors who played these characters?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what format was this movie in?

Answer: Short Film

A Trip to the Moon [SEP] Introduction

A Trip to the Moon () is a 1902 French adventure short film directed by Georges Méliès. Inspired by a wide variety of sources, including Jules Verne's 1865 novel "From the Earth to the Moon" and its 1870 sequel "Around the Moon", the film follows a group of astronomers who travel to the Moon in a cannon-propelled capsule, explore the Moon's surface, escape from an underground group of Selenites (lunar inhabitants), and return to Earth with a captive Selenite. It features an ensemble cast of French theatrical performers, led by Méliès himself in the main role of Professor Barbenfouillis, and is filmed in the overtly theatrical style for which Méliès became famous.


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Context: when did it first appear in film?

Context: which was the movie?

Context: A Trip to the Moon

Context: when was this movie released?

Context: who is the main character in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what format was this movie in?

Context: Short Film

Question: what type of movies are these?

Answer: Any motion picture not long enough in running time to be considered a feature film with running time of 40 minutes or less, including all credits

Short film [SEP] Introduction

A short film is any motion picture not long enough in running time to be considered a feature film. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences defines a short film as "an original motion picture that has a running time of 40 minutes or less, including all credits". In the United States, short films were generally termed short subjects from the 1920s into the 1970s when confined to two 35mm reels or less, and featurettes for a film of three or four reels. "Short" was an abbreviation for either term. The increasingly rare industry term "short subject" carries more of an assumption that the film is shown as part of a presentation along with a feature film.


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Context: when did it first appear in film?

Context: which was the movie?

Context: A Trip to the Moon

Context: when was this movie released?

Context: who is the main character in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what format was this movie in?

Context: Short Film

Context: what type of movies are these?

Context: Any motion picture not long enough in running time to be considered a feature film with running time of 40 minutes or less, including all credits

Question: who were the pioneers in this genre?

Answer: All films in the beginning of cinema were very short, sometimes running only a minute or less

Short film [SEP] History

All films in the beginning of cinema were very short, sometimes running only a minute or less. It was not until the 1910s when films started to get longer than about ten minutes. The first set of films were presented in 1894 and it was through Thomas Edison's device called a kinetoscope. It was made for individual viewing only. Comedy short films were produced in large numbers compared to lengthy features such as D. W. Griffith's "The Birth of a Nation". By the 1920s, a ticket purchased a varied program including a feature and several supporting works from categories such as second feature, short comedy, 5–10 minute cartoon, travelogue, and newsreel.


Context: Weekly

Context: what type of magazine is it?

Context: Science fiction magazine

Context: who are the publishers?

Context: Pearson's

Context: when did this genre originate?

Context: Early 1900s

Context: when did it first appear in film?

Context: which was the movie?

Context: A Trip to the Moon

Context: when was this movie released?

Context: who is the main character in it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what format was this movie in?

Context: Short Film

Context: what type of movies are these?

Context: who were the pioneers in this genre?

Context: All films in the beginning of cinema were very short, sometimes running only a minute or less

Question: who composed the music for the movie mentioned previously?

Answer: Méliès never required a specific musical score to be used with any film, allowing exhibitors freedom to choose whatever accompaniment they felt most suitable

A Trip to the Moon [SEP] Music

Though Méliès's films were silent, they were not intended to be seen silently; exhibitors often used a "bonimenteur", or narrator, to explain the story as it unfolded on the screen, accompanied by sound effects and live music. Méliès himself took considerable interest in musical accompaniment for his films, and prepared special film scores for several of them, including "The Kingdom of the Fairies" and "The Barber of Seville". However, Méliès never required a specific musical score to be used with any film, allowing exhibitors freedom to choose whatever accompaniment they felt most suitable. When the film was screened at the Olympia music hall in Paris in 1902, an original film score was reportedly written for it.


Question: where did the battle of villers-bocage take place?

Answer: Villers-Bocage

Battle of Villers-Bocage [SEP] Introduction

The Battle of Villers-Bocage took place during the Second World War on 13 June 1944, one week after the Normandy Landings, which had begun the Western Allies' conquest of German-occupied France. The battle was the result of a British attempt to improve their position by exploiting a gap in the German defences west of the city of Caen. After one day of fighting in and around the small town of Villers-Bocage and a second day defending a position outside the town, the British force retreated. The Allies and the Germans regarded control of Caen as vital to the Normandy battle.


Context: where did the battle of villers-bocage take place?

Context: Villers-Bocage

Question: between whom was the battle?

Answer: The Allies and the Germans.

Explanation: The Allies and the Germans regarded control of Caen as vital to the Normandy battle.

After six hours, Hinde ordered a withdrawal to a more defensible position on a knoll west of Villers-Bocage. The next day the Germans attacked the brigade box, arranged for all-round defence, in the Battle of the Island. The British inflicted a costly repulse on the Germans and then retired from the salient. The Battle for Caen continued east of Villers-Bocage, the ruins of which were captured on 4August, after two raids by strategic bombers of the Royal Air Force.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Question: where is the aforementioned place located?

Answer: Normandy, Northern France.

Explanation: Villers-Bocage is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in Northern France.

Villers-Bocage, Calvados [SEP] Introduction


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: where is the aforementioned place located?

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Question: describe in few words about the flag of the first place?

Answer: The traditional provincial flag two leopards passant is used in the region and its predecessors.

Normandy [SEP] Flag

The traditional provincial flag of Normandy, "gules, two leopards passant or", is used in the region and its predecessors. The historic three-leopard version (known in the Norman language as "les treis cats", "the three cats") is used by some associations and individuals, especially those who supported reunification of the regions and cultural links with the Channel Islands and England. Jersey and Guernsey use three leopards in their national symbols. The three leopards represents the strength and courage Normandy has towards the neighbouring provinces. The unofficial anthem of the region is the song "Ma Normandie".


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: describe in few words about the flag of the first place?

Context: The traditional provincial flag two leopards passant is used in the region and its predecessors.

Question: how is the politics in that place?

Answer: The modern region of Normandy was created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2014 by the merger of Lower Normandy, and Upper Normandy.

Explanation: The modern region of Normandy was created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2014 by the merger of Lower Normandy, and Upper Normandy. The new region took effect on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections in December 2015.

Normandy [SEP] Politics


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: The modern region of Normandy was created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2014 by the merger of Lower Normandy, and Upper Normandy.

Question: name a few paintings from that place?

Answer: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Normandy [SEP] Painting

Normandy has a rich tradition of painting and gave to France some of its most important artists. In the 17th century some major French painters were Normans like Nicolas Poussin, born in Les Andelys and Jean Jouvenet. Romanticism drew painters to the Channel coasts of Normandy. Richard Parkes Bonington and J. M. W. Turner crossed the Channel from Great Britain, attracted by the light and landscapes. Théodore Géricault, a native of Rouen, was a notable figure in the Romantic movement, its famous "Radeau de la Méduse" being considered come the breakthrough of pictorial romanticism in France when it was officially presented at the 1819 Salon.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Question: who is the artist that made it?

Answer: Théodore Géricault

Explanation: Théodore Géricault, a native of Rouen, was a notable figure in the Romantic movement, its famous "Radeau de la Méduse" being considered come the breakthrough of pictorial romanticism in France when it was officially presented at the 1819 Salon.

Normandy [SEP] Painting

The competing Realist tendency was represented by Jean-François Millet, a native of La Hague. The landscape painter Eugène Boudin, born in Honfleur, was a determining influence on the impressionnists and was highly considered by Monet. Breaking away from the more formalised and classical themes of the early part of the 19th century, Impressionist painters preferred to paint outdoors, in natural light, and to concentrate on landscapes, towns and scenes of daily life.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Question: mention a few of his other works?

Answer: "Insane Woman"

Explanation: After his return to France in 1821, Géricault was inspired to paint a series of ten portraits of the insane, the patients of a friend, Dr. Étienne-Jean Georget, a pioneer in psychiatric medicine, with each subject exhibiting a different affliction. There are five remaining portraits from the series, including "Insane Woman".

Théodore Géricault [SEP] Later life

Géricault's last efforts were directed toward preliminary studies for several epic compositions, including the "Opening of the Doors of the Spanish Inquisition" and the "African Slave Trade". The preparatory drawings suggest works of great ambition, but Géricault's waning health intervened. Weakened by riding accidents and chronic tubercular infection, Géricault died in Paris in 1824 after a long period of suffering. His bronze figure reclines, brush in hand, on his tomb at Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, above a low-relief panel of " The Raft of the Medusa".


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Rouen, France

Théodore Géricault [SEP] Early life

Born in Rouen, France, Géricault was educated in the tradition of English sporting art by Carle Vernet and classical figure composition by Pierre-Narcisse Guérin, a rigorous classicist who disapproved of his student's impulsive temperament while recognizing his talent. Géricault soon left the classroom, choosing to study at the Louvre, where from 1810 to 1815 he copied paintings by Rubens, Titian, Velázquez and Rembrandt. During this period at the Louvre he discovered a vitality he found lacking in the prevailing school of Neoclassicism. Much of his time was spent in Versailles, where he found the stables of the palace open to him, and where he gained his knowledge of the anatomy and action of horses.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Question: did he attend any university?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Théodore Géricault [SEP] Early life


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: name a few rivers from normandy?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Théodore Géricault [SEP] Early life


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how is the demography over there?

Answer: The population of Normandy was estimated at 3,260,000 with an average population density of 109 inhabitants per km², just under the French national average, but rising to 147 for Upper Normandy.

Normandy [SEP] Demographics

In January 2006 the population of Normandy (including the part of Perche which lies inside the Orne "département" but excluding the Channel Islands) was estimated at 3,260,000 with an average population density of 109 inhabitants per km², just under the French national average, but rising to 147 for Upper Normandy. The main cities (population given from the 1999 census) are Rouen (518,316 in the metropolitan area), the capital since 2016 of the province and formerly of Upper Normandy; Caen (420,000 in the metropolitan area) and formerly the capital of Lower Normandy; Le Havre (296,773 in the metropolitan area); and Cherbourg (117,855 in the metropolitan area).


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the demography over there?

Context: The population of Normandy was estimated at 3,260,000 with an average population density of 109 inhabitants per km², just under the French national average, but rising to 147 for Upper Normandy.

Question: when did the battle start?

Answer: 13 June 1944

Explanation: The Battle of Villers-Bocage took place during the Second World War on 13 June 1944, one week after the Normandy Landings, which had begun the Western Allies' conquest of German-occupied France.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the demography over there?

Context: when did the battle start?

Context: 13 June 1944

Question: what was the propaganda related to the battle?

Answer: It was the result of a British attempt to improve their position by exploiting a gap in the German defences west of the city of Caen.

Explanation: The battle was the result of a British attempt to improve their position by exploiting a gap in the German defences west of the city of Caen


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the demography over there?

Context: when did the battle start?

Context: 13 June 1944

Context: what was the propaganda related to the battle?

Context: It was the result of a British attempt to improve their position by exploiting a gap in the German defences west of the city of Caen.

Question: name a few people who took part in the battle?

Answer: William "Loony" Hinde,  Michael Wittmann, etc.

British commanders hoped that the appearance of a strong force in their rear would force the Panzer-Lehr Division to withdraw or be surrounded. Under the command of Brigadier William "Loony" Hinde, the 22nd Armoured Brigade group reached Villers-Bocage without serious incident on the morning of 13 June. The leading elements advanced eastwards from the town on the Caen road to Point 213, where they were ambushed by Tiger I tanks of the 101st SS Heavy Panzer Battalion. In fewer than numerous tanks, anti-tank guns and transport vehicles were destroyed, many by SS-"Obersturmführer" Michael Wittmann. The Germans then attacked the town and were repulsed, losing several Tigers and Panzer IVs.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the demography over there?

Context: when did the battle start?

Context: 13 June 1944

Context: name a few people who took part in the battle?

Context: William "Loony" Hinde,  Michael Wittmann, etc.

Question: is there any reference of the last person in pop culture?

Answer: He is often featured in books on the battles in Normandy and several websites are dedicated to him.

Michael Wittmann [SEP] In popular culture

Wittmann is often featured in books on the battles in Normandy. Several websites are dedicated to him, along with books written by authors such as Patrick Agte and Franz Kurowski. The former is an author and publisher affiliated with the pro-Waffen-SS revisionist history group HIAG, while the latter is a prolific author who wrote uncritical biographies of decorated Waffen-SS men.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the demography over there?

Context: when did the battle start?

Context: 13 June 1944

Context: is there any reference of the last person in pop culture?

Context: He is often featured in books on the battles in Normandy and several websites are dedicated to him.

Question: is there a cult following of his?

Answer: Yes, he became a cult figure after the war.

Michael Wittmann [SEP] Cult status

Wittmann became a cult figure after the war thanks to his accomplishments as a "panzer ace" (a highly decorated tank commander) in the portrayal of the Waffen-SS in popular culture. Historian Stephen Hart comments "the Wittmann legend [has] become well-established" and "continues to stimulate huge public interest". Military historian Steven Zaloga refers to Wittmann as "the hero of all Nazi fanboys". He discusses the popular perception of a tank versus tank engagement as an "armoured joust"—two opponents facing each other—with the "more valiant or better-armed the eventual victor". Zaloga contends that perception is nothing but "romantic nonsense". Most of the successful tank commanders were indeed "bushwackers", according to Zaloga, having a battlefield advantage rather than a technical one: a tank crew that could engage its opponent before the latter spotted it often came out on top.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the demography over there?

Context: when did the battle start?

Context: 13 June 1944

Context: is there a cult following of his?

Context: Yes, he became a cult figure after the war.

Question: when was he born?

Answer: 22 April 1914

Michael Wittmann [SEP] Introduction

Michael Wittmann (22 April 19148 August 1944) was a German Waffen-SS tank commander during the Second World War. He is known for his ambush of elements of the British 7th Armoured Division, during the Battle of Villers-Bocage on 13 June 1944. While in command of a Tiger I tank, Wittmann destroyed up to fourteen tanks and fifteen personnel carriers, along with two anti-tank guns, within the space of fifteen minutes. The news was picked up and disseminated by the Nazi propaganda machine and added to Wittmann's stature in Germany. Wittmann became a cult figure after the war thanks to his accomplishments as a "panzer ace" (a highly decorated tank commander) as part of the portrayal of the Waffen-SS in popular culture.


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the demography over there?

Context: when did the battle start?

Context: 13 June 1944

Context: is there a cult following of his?

Context: when was he born?

Context: 22 April 1914

Question: when did he die?

Answer: 8 August 1944

Michael Wittmann [SEP] Introduction


Context: Villers-Bocage

Context: between whom was the battle?

Context: The Allies and the Germans.

Context: Normandy, Northern France.

Context: how is the politics in that place?

Context: name a few paintings from that place?

Context: "Radeau de la Méduse"

Context: who is the artist that made it?

Context: Théodore Géricault

Context: mention a few of his other works?

Context: "Insane Woman"

Context: where was he born?

Context: Rouen, France

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few rivers from normandy?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the demography over there?

Context: when did the battle start?

Context: 13 June 1944

Context: is there a cult following of his?

Context: when was he born?

Context: 22 April 1914

Context: when did he die?

Context: 8 August 1944

Question: mention some of the speculations surrounding his death?

Answer: Nazi propaganda reports contended that Allied aircraft struck is tank, stating that he had fallen in combat to the "dreaded fighter-bombers".

Michael Wittmann [SEP] Speculation surrounding death

Contemporaneous Nazi propaganda reports contended that Allied aircraft struck Wittmann's tank, stating that he had fallen in combat to the "dreaded fighter-bombers". In a post-war account, French civilian Serge Varin, who took the only known photograph of the destroyed tank, claimed that he found an unexploded rocket nearby and that he saw no other penetration holes in the tank. Historian Brian Reid dismisses this contention as relevant RAF logs make no claim of engaging tanks in the area at that time. This position is supported by the men of Wittmann's unit who stated they did not come under air attack, and by British and Canadian tank crews who also dismissed any involvement by aircraft to help halt the German attack.


Question: what is the full form of c o p d

Answer: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of obstructive lung disease characterized by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow. The main symptoms include shortness of breath and cough with sputum production. COPD is a progressive disease, meaning it typically worsens over time. Eventually, everyday activities such as walking or getting dressed become difficult. Chronic bronchitis, and emphysema are older terms used for different types of COPD. The term "chronic bronchitis" is still used to define a productive cough that is present for at least three months each year for two years. Those with such a cough are at a greater risk of developing COPD.


Context:
what is the full form of c o p d
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question: what are its signs?

Answer: Shortness of breath, and a cough that produces sputum.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Signs and symptoms

The most common symptoms of COPD are shortness of breath, and a cough that produces sputum. These symptoms are present for a prolonged period of time and typically worsen over time. It is unclear whether different types of COPD exist. While previously divided into emphysema and chronic bronchitis, emphysema is only a description of lung changes rather than a disease itself, and chronic bronchitis is simply a descriptor of symptoms that may or may not occur with COPD.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: Shortness of breath, and a cough that produces sputum.

Question: tell me more about the effects of the 1st one

Answer: In severe COPD, vigorous coughing may lead to rib fractures or to a brief loss of consciousness.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Cough

Sputum may be swallowed or spat out, depending often on social and cultural factors. In severe COPD, vigorous coughing may lead to rib fractures or to a brief loss of consciousness. Those with COPD often have a history of "common colds" that last a long time.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: tell me more about the effects of the 1st one

Context: In severe COPD, vigorous coughing may lead to rib fractures or to a brief loss of consciousness.

Question: what does the last word you said for 'signs' mean?

Answer: It is mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi).

Sputum [SEP] Introduction

Sputum is mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi). In medicine, sputum samples are usually used for naked eye exam, microbiological investigations of respiratory infections and cytological investigations of respiratory systems. It is critical that the patient not give a specimen that includes any mucoid material from the interior of the nose. Naked eye exam of sputum can be done at home by a patient in order to note the various colors (see below). Any hint of yellow color (pus) suggests an airway infection (but does not indicate the type of organism causing it).


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what does the last word you said for 'signs' mean?

Context: It is mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi).

Question: what colour is it?

Answer: Purulent sputum is typically yellow or green.

Sputum [SEP] Description

When a sputum specimen is plated out in microbiology, it is best to get the portion of the sample that most looks like yellow pus onto the swab. If there is any blood in the sputum, this should also be on the swab. Microbiological sputum samples are used to look for infections, such as "Moraxella catarrhalis", "Mycobacterium tuberculosis", "Streptococcus pneumoniae", and "Haemophilus influenzae". Other pathogens can also be found. Purulent sputum contains pus, composed of white blood cells, cellular debris, dead tissue, serous fluid, and viscous liquid (mucus). Purulent sputum is typically yellow or green. It is seen in cases of bronchiectasis, lung abscess, or an advanced stage of bronchitis.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: Purulent sputum is typically yellow or green.

Question: what are the symptoms of copd?

Answer: Breathing out may take longer than breathing in, chest tightness may occur along with symptoms of leg swelling and bulging neck veins.

Explanation:
In COPD, breathing out may take longer than breathing in. Chest tightness may occur, but is not common and may be caused by another problem. Those with obstructed airflow may have wheezing or decreased sounds with air entry on examination of the chest with a stethoscope. A barrel chest is a characteristic sign of COPD, but is relatively uncommon. Tripod positioning may occur as the disease worsens.

Advanced COPD leads to high pressure on the lung arteries, which strains the right ventricle of the heart. This situation is referred to as cor pulmonale, and leads to symptoms of leg swelling and bulging neck veins.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Other symptoms


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: Breathing out may take longer than breathing in, chest tightness may occur along with symptoms of leg swelling and bulging neck veins.

Question: how is it diagnosed?

Answer: Spirometry.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Diagnosis

The diagnosis of COPD should be considered in anyone over the age of 35 to 40 who has shortness of breath, a chronic cough, sputum production, or frequent winter colds and a history of exposure to risk factors for the disease. Spirometry is then used to confirm the diagnosis. Screening those without symptoms is not recommended.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Question: what is this?

Answer: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Spirometry [SEP] Introduction

Spirometry (meaning "the measuring of breath") is the most common of the pulmonary function tests (PFTs). It measures lung function, specifically the amount (volume) and/or speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. Spirometry is helpful in assessing breathing patterns that identify conditions such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, and COPD. It is also helpful as part of a system of health surveillance, in which breathing patterns are measured over time. Spirometry generates pneumotachographs, which are charts that plot the volume and flow of air coming in and out of the lungs from one inhalation and one exhalation.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Question: what medications are prescribed for it?

Answer: Inhaled bronchodilators like β agonists and anticholinergics, and steroids.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Bronchodilators

Inhaled bronchodilators are the primary medications used, and result in a small overall benefit. The two major types are β agonists and anticholinergics; both exist in long-acting and short-acting forms. They reduce shortness of breath, wheeze, and exercise limitation, resulting in an improved quality of life. It is unclear if they change the progression of the underlying disease. In those with mild disease, short-acting agents are recommended on an as needed basis. In those with more severe disease, long-acting agents are recommended. Long-acting agents partly work by reducing hyperinflation. If long-acting bronchodilators are insufficient, then inhaled corticosteroids are typically added.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Context: what medications are prescribed for it?

Context: Inhaled bronchodilators like β agonists and anticholinergics, and steroids.

Question: how can you manage copd?

Answer: Smoking cessation and supplemental oxygen.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Management

No cure for COPD is known, but the symptoms are treatable and its progression can be delayed. People with COPD can experience flare-ups that are often triggered by a viral or bacterial respiratory infection. The major goals of management are to reduce risk factors, manage stable COPD, prevent and treat acute exacerbations, and manage associated illnesses. The only measures that have been shown to reduce mortality are smoking cessation and supplemental oxygen. Stopping smoking decreases the risk of death by 18%. Other recommendations include influenza vaccination once a year, pneumococcal vaccination once every five years, and reduction in exposure to environmental air pollution.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Context: what medications are prescribed for it?

Context: how can you manage copd?

Context: Smoking cessation and supplemental oxygen.

Question: what reference does it have to culture?

Answer: Many health systems have difficulty ensuring appropriate identification, diagnosis and care of people with COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Society and culture

COPD is known colloquially as "smoker's lung", but it may also occur in people who have never smoked. People with emphysema have been known as "pink puffers" or "type A" due to their frequent pink complexion, fast respiratory rate and pursed lips, and people with chronic bronchitis have been referred to as "blue bloaters" or "type B" due to the often bluish color of the skin and lips from low oxygen levels and their swollen ankles. This terminology is no longer accepted as useful as most people with COPD have a combination of both emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Many health systems have difficulty ensuring appropriate identification, diagnosis and care of people with COPD; Britain's Department of Health has identified this as a major issue for the National Health Service and has introduced a specific strategy to tackle these problems.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Context: what medications are prescribed for it?

Context: how can you manage copd?

Context: what reference does it have to culture?

Context: Many health systems have difficulty ensuring appropriate identification, diagnosis and care of people with COPD.

Question: what is its prognosis?

Answer: COPD usually gets gradually worse over time and can ultimately result in death. It is estimated that 3% of all disability is related to COPD.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Prognosis

COPD usually gets gradually worse over time and can ultimately result in death. It is estimated that 3% of all disability is related to COPD. The proportion of disability from COPD globally has decreased from 1990 to 2010 due to improved indoor air quality primarily in Asia. The overall number of years lived with disability from COPD, however, has increased. The rate at which COPD worsens varies with the presence of factors that predict a poor outcome, including severe airflow obstruction, little ability to exercise, shortness of breath, significant underweight or overweight, congestive heart failure, continued smoking, and frequent exacerbations.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Context: what medications are prescribed for it?

Context: how can you manage copd?

Context: what reference does it have to culture?

Context: what is its prognosis?

Context: COPD usually gets gradually worse over time and can ultimately result in death. It is estimated that 3% of all disability is related to COPD.

Question: do you need to undergo surgery?

Answer: In severe cases , surgery is sometimes helpful and may include lung transplantation or lung volume-reduction surgery.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Surgery

For those with very severe disease, surgery is sometimes helpful and may include lung transplantation or lung volume-reduction surgery, which involves removing the parts of the lung most damaged by emphysema, allowing the remaining, relatively good lung to expand and work better. It seems to be particularly effective if emphysema predominantly involves the upper lobe, but the procedure increases the risks of adverse events and early death for people who have diffuse emphysema. The procedure also increases the risk of adverse effects for people with moderate to severe COPD. Lung transplantation is sometimes performed for very severe COPD, particularly in younger individuals.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Context: what medications are prescribed for it?

Context: how can you manage copd?

Context: what reference does it have to culture?

Context: what is its prognosis?

Context: do you need to undergo surgery?

Context: In severe cases , surgery is sometimes helpful and may include lung transplantation or lung volume-reduction surgery.

Question: how can you prevent it?

Answer: They are potentially preventable through decreasing exposure to smoke and improving air quality.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Prevention

Most cases of COPD are potentially preventable through decreasing exposure to smoke and improving air quality. Annual influenza vaccinations in those with COPD reduce exacerbations, hospitalizations and death. Pneumococcal vaccination may also be beneficial. Eating a diet high in beta-carotene may help but taking supplements does not seem to. A review of an oral "Haemophilus influenzae" vaccine found 1.6 exacerbations per year as opposed to a baseline of 2.1 in those with COPD. This small reduction was not deemed significant.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Context: what medications are prescribed for it?

Context: how can you manage copd?

Context: what reference does it have to culture?

Context: what is its prognosis?

Context: do you need to undergo surgery?

Context: how can you prevent it?

Context: They are potentially preventable through decreasing exposure to smoke and improving air quality.

Question: what tests are conducted for it?

Answer: Chest X-ray and complete blood count.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Other tests

A chest X-ray and complete blood count may be useful to exclude other conditions at the time of diagnosis. Characteristic signs on X-ray are hyperinflated lungs, a flattened diaphragm, increased retrosternal airspace, and bullae, while it can help exclude other lung diseases, such as pneumonia, pulmonary edema, or a pneumothorax. A high-resolution CT scan of the chest may show the distribution of emphysema throughout the lungs and can also be useful to exclude other lung diseases. Unless surgery is planned, however, this rarely affects management. A saber-sheath trachea deformity may also be present. An analysis of arterial blood is used to determine the need for oxygen; this is recommended in those with an FEV less than 35% predicted, those with a peripheral oxygen saturation less than 92%, and those with symptoms of congestive heart failure.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Context: what medications are prescribed for it?

Context: how can you manage copd?

Context: what reference does it have to culture?

Context: what is its prognosis?

Context: do you need to undergo surgery?

Context: how can you prevent it?

Context: what tests are conducted for it?

Context: Chest X-ray and complete blood count.

Question: what kind of research is done on it?

Answer: Mass spectrometry is being studied as a diagnostic tool in COPD also Infliximab, an immune-suppressing antibody, has been tested.

Explanation:
Mass spectrometry is being studied as a diagnostic tool in COPD.

Infliximab, an immune-suppressing antibody, has been tested in COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Research

Several new long-acting agents are under development. Treatment with stem cells is under study. While there is tentative data that it is safe, and the animal data is promising, there is little human data as of 2017. The small amount of human data there is has shown poor results.


Context: what is the full form of c o p d

Context: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Context: what are its signs?

Context: what colour is it?

Context: what are the symptoms of copd?

Context: how is it diagnosed?

Context: Spirometry.

Context: what is this?

Context: It is a pulmonary function tests.

Context: what medications are prescribed for it?

Context: how can you manage copd?

Context: what reference does it have to culture?

Context: what is its prognosis?

Context: do you need to undergo surgery?

Context: how can you prevent it?

Context: what tests are conducted for it?

Context: Chest X-ray and complete blood count.

Context: what kind of research is done on it?

Context: Mass spectrometry is being studied as a diagnostic tool in COPD also Infliximab, an immune-suppressing antibody, has been tested.

Question: can animals also be affected by it?

Answer: Yes, like in horses and old dogs.

Explanation: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may occur in a number of other animals and may be caused by exposure to tobacco smoke. Most cases of the disease, however, are relatively mild. In horses it is known as recurrent airway obstruction, can be quite severe, and most often is linked to an allergic reaction to a fungus contained in contaminated hay or straw. COPD is also commonly found in old dogs.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [SEP] Other animals


Question: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Answer: Gladys Knight & the Pips

I Heard It Through the Grapevine [SEP] Introduction

"I Heard It Through the Grapevine" is a song written by Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong for Motown Records in 1966. The first recording of the song to be released was produced by Whitfield for Gladys Knight & the Pips and released as a single in September 1967; it went to number two on the "Billboard" Pop Singles chart and became the biggest selling Motown single to date. The Miracles first recorded the song on August 16, 1966 and included their version on their 1968 album, "Special Occasion". The Marvin Gaye version was placed on his 1968 album "In the Groove", where it gained the attention of radio disc jockeys, and Motown founder Berry Gordy finally agreed to its release as a single in October 1968, when it went to the top of the "Billboard" Pop Singles chart for seven weeks from December 1968 to January 1969 and became for a time the biggest hit single on the Motown label (Tamla).


Context:
who sang i heard it thru the grapevine
Gladys Knight & the Pips

Question: by whom was it composed?

Answer: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Explanation: "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" is a song written by Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong for Motown Records in 1966.


Context:
who sang i heard it thru the grapevine
Gladys Knight & the Pips
by whom was it composed?
Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Question: was it a part of any album?

Answer: No, the first recording was released as a single.

Explanation: The first recording of the song to be released was produced by Whitfield for Gladys Knight & the Pips and released as a single in September 1967; it went to number two on the "Billboard" Pop Singles chart and became the biggest selling Motown single to date.


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: No, the first recording was released as a single.

Question: by whom was it produced?

Answer: Norman Whitfield

I Heard It Through the Grapevine [SEP] Gladys Knight & the Pips

Gladys Knight & the Pips recorded "Grapevine" on June 17, 1967, in Motown's Studio A, with Norman Whitfield as producer. After hearing Aretha Franklin's version of "Respect", Whitfield rearranged "Grapevine" to include some of the funk elements of the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section. According to David Ritz, Whitfield set to record a song that would "out-funk" Aretha. After Whitfield presented the demo tapes, Gladys Knight, Bubba Knight, William Guest, and Edward Patten worked for several weeks on their vocal arrangement. To make the song suitable for Gladys, the first line of the second verse (""I know a man ain't supposed to cry/But these tears I can't hold inside"") was altered to (""Take a good look at these tears in my eyes/Baby, these tears I can't hold inside"").


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Question: what is the song about?

Answer: The lyrics tell the story in the first person of the singer's feelings of betrayal and disbelief when he hears of his girlfriend's infidelity only indirectly "through the 'grapevine'".

I Heard It Through the Grapevine [SEP] Composition

The lyrics tell the story in the first person of the singer's feelings of betrayal and disbelief when he hears of his girlfriend's infidelity only indirectly "through the 'grapevine'". By 1966, Barrett Strong, the singer on Motown Records' breakthrough hit, "Money (That's What I Want)", had the basics of a song he had started to write in Chicago, where the idea had come to him while walking down Michigan Avenue that people were always saying "I heard it through the grapevine". The phrase is associated with black slaves during the Civil War, who had their form of telegraph: the human grapevine.


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: The lyrics tell the story in the first person of the singer's feelings of betrayal and disbelief when he hears of his girlfriend's infidelity only indirectly "through the 'grapevine'".

Question: has it been recorded by other musicians as well?

Answer: Yes, "the Miracles".

I Heard It Through the Grapevine [SEP] Motown recordings

Producer Norman Whitfield recorded "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" with various Motown artists. The first known recording is with the Miracles on August 6, 1966, though there may also have been a recording with the Isley Brothers, or at least Whitfield intended to record it with them; however, a track has not turned up – some Motown historians believe that a session may have been scheduled but cancelled. The Miracles' version was not released as a single due to Berry Gordy's veto during Motown's weekly quality control meetings; Gordy advised Whitfield and Strong to create a stronger single. The Miracles version later appeared on their 1968 "Special Occasion" album, and a slightly different take, possibly from the same session but unreleased, appeared on the 1998 compilation album, "Motown Sings Motown Treasures".


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: has it been recorded by other musicians as well?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Question: did it win any accolades?

Answer: It was also inducted to the Grammy Hall of Fame, placed 81 on the "Rolling Stone" list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.

The Gaye recording has since become an acclaimed soul classic, and in 2004, it was placed 81 on the "Rolling Stone" list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. On the commemorative fortieth anniversary of the "Billboard" Hot 100 issue of "Billboard" magazine in June 2008, Marvin Gaye's "Grapevine" was ranked sixty-fifth. It was also inducted to the Grammy Hall of Fame for "historical, artistic and significant" value. In 2018, the Gladys Knight & the Pips version was also inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: It was also inducted to the Grammy Hall of Fame, placed 81 on the "Rolling Stone" list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.

Question: where is the composer from?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does the former composer also have a record label to his name?

Answer: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Norman Whitfield [SEP] Whitfield Records and later years

In 1975, Whitfield left Motown, following its move from Detroit, to form his own label, Whitfield Records. His first act was The Undisputed Truth, whom he had convinced to leave Motown, followed by Rose Royce, Willie Hutch, Yvonne Fair, Nytro, Mammatapee and Junior Walker. The Undisputed Truth scored their second biggest hit in 1976 with the disco song "You + Me = Love", their first single on Whitfield Records. Norman Whitfield had an international smash hit in 1976 with Rose Royce's "Car Wash", issued on MCA Records. Rose Royce (whose members were originally Edwin Starr's backing band while at Motown) went on to record three more popular albums, and had two huge UK hits with "Wishing on a Star" (1977) and "Love Don't Live Here Anymore" (1978), but could never top the success of "Car Wash", which served as the theme song to the 1976 motion picture "Car Wash." The "Car Wash" soundtrack won Whitfield a Grammy Award for Best Album of Best Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or a Television Special.


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does the former composer also have a record label to his name?

Context: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Question: is he involved in any other work besides composing songs?

Answer: Yes, as a producer.

Norman Whitfield [SEP] Introduction

Norman Jesse Whitfield (May 12, 1940 – September 16, 2008) was an American songwriter and producer, who worked with Berry Gordy's Motown labels during the 1960s. He has been credited as one of the creators of the Motown Sound and of the late-1960s subgenre of psychedelic soul. During his 25-year career, Whitfield co-wrote and produced many enduring hits for Motown artists, including "Ain't Too Proud to Beg", "(I Know) I'm Losing You", "I Heard It Through the Grapevine", "Cloud Nine", "I Can't Get Next to You", "War", "Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)", "Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)", "Smiling Faces Sometimes", and "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone".


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Context: is he involved in any other work besides composing songs?

Context: Yes, as a producer.

Question: can you name any other songs that he wrote?

Answer: He co-wrote "Ain't Too Proud to Beg", "(I Know) I'm Losing You", and many other songs.

Explanation: During his 25-year career, Whitfield co-wrote and produced many enduring hits for Motown artists, including "Ain't Too Proud to Beg", "(I Know) I'm Losing You", "I Heard It Through the Grapevine", "Cloud Nine", "I Can't Get Next to You", "War", "Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)", "Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)", "Smiling Faces Sometimes", and "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone".

Norman Whitfield [SEP] Introduction


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Context: Yes, as a producer.

Context: can you name any other songs that he wrote?

Context: He co-wrote "Ain't Too Proud to Beg", "(I Know) I'm Losing You", and many other songs.

Question: was the first one produced by him?

Answer: Yes

Norman Whitfield [SEP] Introduction

Whitfield worked extensively with The Temptations as a producer and songwriter. He produced eight of their albums between 1969 and 1973. He then started his own label, Whitfield Records, in 1975, which yielded the Rose Royce hit "Car Wash". Alongside his Motown lyrical collaborator Barrett Strong, he was inducted into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame in 2004. He wrote or co-wrote 61 hits on the UK charts and 92 on the US charts.


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Context: Yes, as a producer.

Context: was the first one produced by him?

Context: Yes

Question: and by whom was it performed?

Answer: The Temptations

Ain't Too Proud to Beg [SEP] Introduction

"Ain't Too Proud to Beg" is a 1966 song and hit single by The Temptations for Motown Records' Gordy label, produced by Norman Whitfield and written by Whitfield and Edward Holland Jr. The song peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Pop Chart, and was a number-one hit on the Billboard R&B charts for eight non-consecutive weeks. The song's success, in the wake of the relative underperformance of the previous Temptations single, "Get Ready", resulted in Norman Whitfield replacing Smokey Robinson, producer of "Get Ready", as The Temptations' main producer. In 2004 it finished #94 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs poll thanks to its inclusion in "The Big Chill" soundtrack.


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Context: Yes, as a producer.

Context: was the first one produced by him?

Context: Yes

Context: and by whom was it performed?

Context: The Temptations

Question: and can you name a few band members from this group?

Answer: Otis Williams, Melvin Franklin, Elbridge "Al" Bryant, Eddie Kendricks and Paul Williams.

Explanation: The founding members came from two rival Detroit vocal groups: Otis Williams, Elbridge "Al" Bryant, and Melvin Franklin of Otis Williams & the Distants, and Eddie Kendricks and Paul Williams of the Primes.

The Temptations [SEP] Introduction

Six of the Temptations (Edwards, Franklin, Kendricks, Ruffin, Otis Williams and Paul Williams) were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1989. Three classic Temptations songs, "My Girl", "Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)", and "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone", are among The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. The Temptations were ranked at number 68 on "Rolling Stone" magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Artists of all time.


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Context: Yes, as a producer.

Context: was the first one produced by him?

Context: Yes

Context: and by whom was it performed?

Context: The Temptations

Context: and can you name a few band members from this group?

Context: Otis Williams, Melvin Franklin, Elbridge "Al" Bryant, Eddie Kendricks and Paul Williams.

Question: when was this group founded?

Answer: 1960

Explanation: Featuring five male vocalists and dancers (save for brief periods with fewer or more members), the group formed in 1960 in Detroit, Michigan, under the name "The Elgins".

The Temptations [SEP] Introduction


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Context: Yes, as a producer.

Context: was the first one produced by him?

Context: Yes

Context: and by whom was it performed?

Context: The Temptations

Context: when was this group founded?

Question: have they been featured on television?

Answer: A miniseries was produced based on Otis Williams' "Temptations" autobiography.

The Temptations [SEP] TV miniseries

Also in 1998, three months after the release of "Phoenix Rising" earlier in the year, de Passe Entertainment (run by former Motown vice-president Suzanne de Passe) and Hallmark Entertainment produced "The Temptations", a four-hour television miniseries based on Otis Williams' "Temptations" autobiography. The miniseries was broadcast in two parts on NBC on November 1 and November 2, 1998, with the first part covering the group's history from 1958 to 1968, and the second part the years from 1968 to 1995. The miniseries was a ratings success and was nominated for five Emmy Awards, with Allan Arkush winning for Best Direction; it was subsequently rerun on the VH-1 cable television network and released to VHS and DVD.


Context: who sang i heard it thru the grapevine

Context: Gladys Knight & the Pips

Context: by whom was it composed?

Context: Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong

Context: was it a part of any album?

Context: by whom was it produced?

Context: Norman Whitfield

Context: what is the song about?

Context: Yes, "the Miracles".

Context: did it win any accolades?

Context: where is the composer from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, Whitfield Records.

Context: Yes, as a producer.

Context: was the first one produced by him?

Context: Yes

Context: and by whom was it performed?

Context: The Temptations

Context: when was this group founded?

Context: have they been featured on television?

Context: A miniseries was produced based on Otis Williams' "Temptations" autobiography.

Question: what is their legacy?

Answer: The "Temptation Walk", or "Temptation Strut", was adapted from similar moves by the Flamingos and the Vibrations.

The Temptations [SEP] Legacy and influence

Berry Gordy insisted that all his acts be equally appealing to both white as well as black audiences, and employed an extensive creative team to help tailor Motown talent for the crossover success he desired. Motown choreographer Cholly Atkins, along with Paul Williams, created the trademark precise and energetic, yet refined, dance steps used by the Temptations onstage. The most famous of these, the "Temptation Walk", or "Temptation Strut", was adapted from similar moves by the Flamingos and the Vibrations, from those two sources, Atkins and Williams crafted the resulting signature dance routine. Like other similar independent companies of the period, Motown was not a member of the Recording Industry of America, preferring to stay independent and handling their own widely varied distribution through thousands of "Mom & Pop" record stores and small radio stations.


Question: what is that bass tour?

Answer: First headlining concert tour by American singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor

That Bass Tour [SEP] Introduction

That Bass Tour was the first headlining concert tour by American singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor. It was launched in support of her debut major-label studio album "Title" (2015), and visited North America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania. The tour was initially announced in November 2014 with North American dates being released at the same time, with Oceanic, European and Asian dates announced afterward. The show was produced by Live Nation Entertainment. The set list featured the majority of the songs from "Title", along with a cover of Mark Ronson's "Uptown Funk". Reviews for the tour were generally positive, with critics praising Trainor's prowess performing live.


Context: what is that bass tour?

Context: First headlining concert tour by American singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor

Question: what are the places where the tour was organized?

Answer: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania

Explanation: It was launched in support of her debut major-label studio album "Title" (2015), and visited North America, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.

That Bass Tour [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is that bass tour?

Context: what are the places where the tour was organized?

Context: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania

Question: when did the tour start?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

That Bass Tour [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is that bass tour?

Context: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania

Context: when did the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where does the tour start?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

That Bass Tour [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is that bass tour?

Context: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania

Context: when did the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where does the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: describe the critical response the band received?

Answer: The show and the singer both received praise

That Bass Tour [SEP] Critical reception

Carlee Wright of "USA Today" praised the show, saying that Trainor was energetic during the show, and that she interacted with the crowd often, both between and during songs. She also said that Trainor "brought her A-game" for the show and that she recommends buying tickets for the show. Annabel Ross from "The Sydney Morning Herald" rated the song three out of five stars, and described Trainor as a "pop star for all the family" in the review. "The Hollywood Reporter"s Ashley Lee said that the show did not disappoint the crowd, and also praised Trainor's vocals and her showmanship.


Context: what is that bass tour?

Context: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania

Context: when did the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where does the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe the critical response the band received?

Context: The show and the singer both received praise

Question: name a few critiques on the band?

Answer: Portland Tribune"s Nicole DeCosta

That Bass Tour [SEP] Critical reception

David Pollock of "The Independent" praised the show and opined that it is "positively rich in visual spectacle and a sense of authentically live performance". "International Business Times"s Alicia Adejobi criticized Trainor's dance routines in the "Uptown Funk" segment, saying that she's not the "best dancer". "Portland Tribune"s Nicole DeCosta said Trainor described Trainor as laid back and her dance moves as "G-rated", although Owen R. Smith from "The Seattle Times" said that the lyrical subjects of the songs on the show's set list did not fit its young audience. Ashley Lee from "The Hollywood Reporter" said that the show's venue was "intima[te]", and that Trainor took advantage of this.


Context: what is that bass tour?

Context: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania

Context: when did the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where does the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few critiques on the band?

Context: Portland Tribune"s Nicole DeCosta

Question: when was the tribune establish?

Answer: February 9, 2001

Portland Tribune [SEP] 2000–2007

Portland businessman Robert B. Pamplin Jr. announced his intention to found the paper in the summer of 2000. The first issue of the twice-weekly (Tuesdays and Fridays) paper was published February 9, 2001, joining "The Oregonian", the city's only daily general-interest newspaper, and the alternative weeklies "Willamette Week" and "The Portland Mercury". At the time, it was a rare example of the expansion of print news, in a time when many cities were seeing newspapers merge or go out of business. But its launch preceded a significant national downturn in advertising sales, which posed difficulties for a startup newspaper. Eleven months after its launch, the "Tribune" cut back on home deliveries.


Context: what is that bass tour?

Context: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania

Context: when did the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where does the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few critiques on the band?

Context: Portland Tribune"s Nicole DeCosta

Context: when was the tribune establish?

Context: February 9, 2001

Question: where is meghan from?

Answer: Nantucket, Massachusetts

Explanation: Meghan Elizabeth Trainor was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts, to jewelers Kelli and Gary Trainor.

Meghan Trainor [SEP] 1993–2008: Early life


Context: what is that bass tour?

Context: North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania

Context: when did the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where does the tour start?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few critiques on the band?

Context: Portland Tribune"s Nicole DeCosta

Context: when was the tribune establish?

Context: February 9, 2001

Context: where is meghan from?

Context: Nantucket, Massachusetts

Question: what is the former place?

Answer: It is an island about by ferry south from Cape Cod, in the U.S. state of Massachusetts

Nantucket [SEP] Introduction

Nantucket is an island about by ferry south from Cape Cod, in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. Together with the small islands of Tuckernuck and Muskeget, it constitutes the Town and County of Nantucket, a combined county/town government. It is the only such consolidated town-county in Massachusetts. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,172. Part of the town is designated the Nantucket CDP, or census-designated place. The region of Surfside on Nantucket is the southernmost settlement in Massachusetts. The name "Nantucket" is adapted from similar Algonquian names for the island, perhaps meaning "faraway land or island" or "sandy, sterile soil tempting no one".