Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who played this character?

Context: Johnny Depp

Context: how did the film do in the box?

Context: Owensboro, Kentucky

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Context: whom did this mentioned actor marry?

Context: Lori Anne Allison and then Amber Heard

Context: did he do any substance abuse?

Context: Yes. He has experienced alcoholism and addiction for much of his life

Question: what was his relationship with the latter like?

Answer: They are now divorced and both accused each other of domestic violence

Explanation:
Heard filed for divorce from Depp on May 23, 2016, and obtained a temporary restraining order against him, stating in her court declaration that he had been "verbally and physically abusive" throughout their relationship. In response, Depp's lawyers alleged that she was "attempting to secure a premature financial resolution by alleging abuse." Heard testified about the abuse under oath at a divorce court deposition. Evidence of the alleged abuse from her court filings was also published in the media. A settlement was reached on August 16, 2016, and the divorce was finalized in January 2017. Heard dismissed the restraining order, and the former couple issued a joint statement saying that their "relationship was intensely passionate and at times volatile, but always bound by love. Neither party has made false accusations for financial gain. There was never any intent of physical or emotional harm." Depp paid Heard a settlement of US$7 million, which she donated to charity.

In early 2019


Context: what happens in the end of edward scissorhands

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who played this character?

Context: Johnny Depp

Context: how did the film do in the box?

Context: It earned a worldwide total of $86.02 million and is considered a box office success

Context: where was this aforementioned actor born?

Context: Owensboro, Kentucky

Context: what are some top recruiters belonging to this place?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: whom did this mentioned actor marry?

Context: Lori Anne Allison and then Amber Heard

Context: did he do any substance abuse?

Context: what was his relationship with the latter like?

Context: They are now divorced and both accused each other of domestic violence

Question: where was she born?

Answer: Austin, Texas

Explanation: Heard was born in Austin, Texas

Amber Heard [SEP] Early life

Heard was born in Austin, Texas, to Patricia Paige ("née" Parsons), an internet researcher (1956–2020), and David Clinton Heard (born 1950), who owned a small construction company. She has a younger sister named Whitney. The family lived outside Austin. Heard's father broke horses in his free time, and she grew up riding horses, hunting, and fishing with him. She also participated in beauty pageants, although as an adult she has stated that she could no longer "support the objectification". When Heard was 16, her best friend died in a car crash. Heard, who was raised Catholic, subsequently declared herself an atheist.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who played this character?

Context: Johnny Depp

Context: how did the film do in the box?

Context: Owensboro, Kentucky

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: whom did this mentioned actor marry?

Context: Lori Anne Allison and then Amber Heard

Context: did he do any substance abuse?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Austin, Texas

Question: what was her role as an activist?

Answer: She has raised awareness about domestic and sexual violence

Amber Heard [SEP] Activism

Heard has raised awareness about domestic and sexual violence. Together with actors Gabourey Sidibe and Freida Pinto, she read a speech on behalf of sexual assault victim Emily Doe at "Glamour" Women of the Year Awards in 2016; Doe was the recipient of an award. Heard also made a public service announcement about domestic violence for the #GirlGaze Project, and has written about her experiences of domestic violence in the December 2016 issue of "Porter" magazine and in an op-ed for "The Washington Post" in December 2018. She has been an American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) ambassador for women's rights with a focus on gender-based violence since December 2018, and has also been named a Human Rights Champion for the Stand Up for Human Rights campaign by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who played this character?

Context: Johnny Depp

Context: how did the film do in the box?

Context: Owensboro, Kentucky

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: whom did this mentioned actor marry?

Context: Lori Anne Allison and then Amber Heard

Context: did he do any substance abuse?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Austin, Texas

Context: what was her role as an activist?

Context: She has raised awareness about domestic and sexual violence

Question: what is her upcoming project?

Answer: CBS All Access miniseries The Stand

Amber Heard [SEP] DC Extended Universe and upcoming projects (2017–2020)

"Aquaman" became the fifth most profitable release of 2018, and the most profitable DCEU installment up to that point. The same year, Heard was appointed global ambassador for cosmetics giant L'Oréal Paris. In 2019, Heard played supporting roles in the independent dramas "Her Smell" and "Gully". Her upcoming projects included the CBS All Access miniseries "The Stand", based on Stephen King's eponymous novel and co-starring James Marsden, Odessa Young and Henry Zaga.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who played this character?

Context: Johnny Depp

Context: how did the film do in the box?

Context: Owensboro, Kentucky

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: whom did this mentioned actor marry?

Context: Lori Anne Allison and then Amber Heard

Context: did he do any substance abuse?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Austin, Texas

Context: what was her role as an activist?

Context: what is her upcoming project?

Context: CBS All Access miniseries The Stand

Question: when did this former channel begin?

Answer: October 28, 2014

CBS All Access [SEP] Beginnings (2014–2019)

CBS All Access was launched on October 28, 2014, priced at US$5.99 per month with advertising and $9.99 per month without. Announced on October 16, 2014, as the first over-the-top (OTT) offering by an American broadcast television network, the service initially encompassed the network's existing streaming portal at CBS.com and its mobile app for smartphones and tablet computers; CBS All Access became available on Roku on April 7, 2015, and on Chromecast on May 14, 2015. In addition to providing full-length episodes of past and present of CBS programs, the service allows live programming streams of local CBS affiliates in 194 markets reaching 92% of the United States (including stations owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group, Hearst Television, Tegna Media, Nexstar Media Group, Meredith Corporation, Griffin Communications, Gray Television, Weigel Broadcasting and Cox Media Group and the launch group of CBS Television Stations), including SEC sports and the NFL; however due to the absence of streaming rights, a few sports events are not streamed on the service (mainly involving PGA Tour events, some locally programmed NFL preseason games, and select brokered shows through "CBS Sports Spectacular"), along with limited syndicated and paid programming where only a local broadcast license to carry the program is allowed and web airing rights are retained by the syndicator or infomercial producer.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who played this character?

Context: Johnny Depp

Context: how did the film do in the box?

Context: Owensboro, Kentucky

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: whom did this mentioned actor marry?

Context: Lori Anne Allison and then Amber Heard

Context: did he do any substance abuse?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Austin, Texas

Context: what was her role as an activist?

Context: what is her upcoming project?

Context: CBS All Access miniseries The Stand

Context: when did this former channel begin?

Context: October 28, 2014

Question: what is the backdrop of this mentioned miniseries?

Answer: It is based on Stephen King's eponymous novel

DC Extended Universe and upcoming projects (2017–2020)

Explanation: pcoming projects included the CBS All Access miniseries "The Stand", based on Stephen King's eponymous novel


Question: the hawaiian islands are located where the pacific plate is

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Hawaii hotspot [SEP] Introduction

The Hawai'i hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located near the namesake Hawaiian Islands, in the northern Pacific Ocean. One of the best known and intensively studied hotspots in the world, the Hawaii plume is responsible for the creation of the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, a mostly undersea volcanic mountain range. Four of these volcanoes are active, two are dormant; more than 123 are extinct, most now preserved as atolls or seamounts. The chain extends from south of the island of Hawaii to the edge of the Aleutian Trench, near the eastern coast of Russia. While most volcanoes are created by geological activity at tectonic plate boundaries, the Hawaii hotspot is located far from plate boundaries.


Context: the hawaiian islands are located where the pacific plate is

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is hawaii hotspot?

Answer: A volcanic hotspot located near the namesake Hawaiian Islands

Explanation: The Hawai’i hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located near the namesake Hawaiian Islands,

Hawaii hotspot [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is hawaii hotspot?

Context: A volcanic hotspot located near the namesake Hawaiian Islands

Question: what is the temperature in this region?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Hawaii hotspot [SEP] Introduction


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Context: what is hawaii hotspot?

Context: what is the temperature in this region?

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Question: what does the hotspot theory of wilson state?

Answer: Wilson proposed that mantle convection produces small, hot buoyant upwellings under the Earth's surface; these thermally active mantle plumes supply magma which in turn sustains long-lasting volcanic activity.

Hawaii hotspot [SEP] Wilson's stationary hotspot theory

Wilson proposed that mantle convection produces small, hot buoyant upwellings under the Earth's surface; these thermally active mantle plumes supply magma which in turn sustains long-lasting volcanic activity. This "mid-plate" volcanism builds peaks that rise from relatively featureless sea floor, initially as seamounts and later as fully-fledged volcanic islands. The local tectonic plate (in the case of the Hawaii hotspot, the Pacific Plate) slowly slides over the hotspot, carrying its volcanoes with it without affecting the plume. Over hundreds of thousands of years, the magma supply for the volcano is slowly cut off, eventually going extinct. No longer active enough to overpower erosion, the volcano slowly sinks beneath the waves, becoming a seamount once again.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is hawaii hotspot?

Context: what is the temperature in this region?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does the hotspot theory of wilson state?

Context: Wilson proposed that mantle convection produces small, hot buoyant upwellings under the Earth's surface; these thermally active mantle plumes supply magma which in turn sustains long-lasting volcanic activity.

Question: were there any landslides here?

Answer: Yes, the Hawaiian islands are carpeted by a large number of landslides sourced from volcanic collapse

Hawaii hotspot [SEP] Landslides

The Hawaiian islands are carpeted by a large number of landslides sourced from volcanic collapse. Bathymetric mapping has revealed at least 70 large landslides on the island flanks over in length, and the longest are long and over in volume. These debris flows can be sorted into two broad categories: slumps, mass movement over slopes which slowly flatten their originators, and more catastrophic debris avalanches, which fragment volcanic slopes and scatter volcanic debris past their slopes. These slides have caused massive tsunamis and earthquakes, fractured volcanic massifs, and scattered debris hundreds of miles away from their source. Slumps tend to be deeply rooted in their originators, moving rock up to deep inside the volcano.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is hawaii hotspot?

Context: what is the temperature in this region?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: were there any landslides here?

Context: Yes, the Hawaiian islands are carpeted by a large number of landslides sourced from volcanic collapse

Question: what kind of construction happened here?

Answer: Hawaiian volcanoes follow a well-established life cycle of growth and erosion, after a new volcano forms, its lava output gradually increases. Height and activity both peak when the volcano is around 500,000 years old and then rapidly decline.

Explanation: Hawaiian volcanoes follow a well-established life cycle of growth and erosion. After a new volcano forms, its lava output gradually increases. Height and activity both peak when the volcano is around 500,000 years old and then rapidly decline. Eventually it goes dormant, and eventually extinct. Erosion then weathers the volcano until it again becomes a seamount.

Hawaii hotspot [SEP] Evolution and construction

As the seamount slowly grows, it goes through the shield stages. It forms many mature features, such as a caldera, while submerged. The summit eventually breaches the surface, and the lava and ocean water "battle" for control as the volcano enters the explosive subphase. This stage of development is exemplified by explosive steam vents. This stage produces mostly volcanic ash, a result of the waves dampening the lava. This conflict between lava and sea influences Hawaiian mythology.


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Context: what is hawaii hotspot?

Context: what is the temperature in this region?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: were there any landslides here?

Context: what kind of construction happened here?

Context: Hawaiian volcanoes follow a well-established life cycle of growth and erosion, after a new volcano forms, its lava output gradually increases. Height and activity both peak when the volcano is around 500,000 years old and then rapidly decline.

Question: can you name any explorers who carried out their research on this?

Answer: Thomas Jaggar

Hawaii hotspot [SEP] Introduction

Ancient Hawaiians were the first to recognize the increasing age and weathered state of the volcanoes to the north as they progressed on fishing expeditions along the islands. The volatile state of the Hawaiian volcanoes and their constant battle with the sea was a major element in Hawaiian mythology, embodied in Pele, the deity of volcanoes. After the arrival of Europeans on the island, in 1880–1881 James Dwight Dana directed the first formal geological study of the hotspot's volcanics, confirming the relationship long observed by the natives. The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory was founded in 1912 by volcanologist Thomas Jaggar, initiating continuous scientific observation of the islands.


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Context: what is hawaii hotspot?

Context: what is the temperature in this region?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: were there any landslides here?

Context: can you name any explorers who carried out their research on this?

Context: Thomas Jaggar

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Thomas Jaggar [SEP] Biography

He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1871, son of Episcopal Bishop of Southern Ohio Thomas Augustus Jaggar. In 1897, he received his Ph.D. in geology from Harvard University. He spent the next few years as a scientist in the laboratory. He felt strongly that experimentation was the key to understanding earth science. Jaggar constructed water flumes bedded by sand and gravel in order to understand stream erosion and melted rocks in furnaces to study the behavior of magmas. As he matured as a scientist, he began to feel the increasing need for field experimentation. Jaggar wrote at this time, "Whereas small scale experiments in the laboratory helped me to think about the details of nature...there remained the need to measure nature itself."


Question: when was the stanford memorial church built?

Answer: During the American Renaissance.

Stanford Memorial Church [SEP] Introduction

Stanford Memorial Church (also referred to informally as MemChu) is located on the Main Quad at the center of the Stanford University campus in Stanford, California, United States. It was built during the American Renaissance by Jane Stanford as a memorial to her husband Leland. Designed by architect Charles A. Coolidge, a student of Henry Hobson Richardson, the church has been called "the University's architectural crown jewel". Designs for the church were submitted to Jane Stanford and the university trustees in 1898, and it was dedicated in 1903. The building is Romanesque in form and Byzantine in its details, inspired by churches in the region of Venice, especially, Ravenna.


Context: when was the stanford memorial church built?

Context: During the American Renaissance.

Question: where is it located?

Answer: Main Quad in the center of the Stanford University campus.

Explanation: Stanford Memorial Church (also referred to informally as MemChu) is located on the Main Quad at the center of the Stanford University campus in Stanford, California, United States.


Context: During the American Renaissance.

Context: where is it located?

Context: Main Quad in the center of the Stanford University campus.

Question: can you tell me about its architecture?

Answer: Architectural style is referred to as "a stunning example of late Victorian ecclesiastical art and architecture with echoes of Pre-Raphaelitism".

Explanation: The architectural style of Stanford Memorial Church has been referred to as "a stunning example of late Victorian ecclesiastical art and architecture with echoes of Pre-Raphaelitism". Stanford historian Richard Joncas called the church "an opulent example of high Victorian architecture with sumptuous materials and arts".

Stanford Memorial Church [SEP] Architecture

Jane Stanford's design included inspirational messages placed throughout the church in the form of inscriptions carved into its walls and enclosed in carved frameworks. As Barbara Palmer of the "Stanford Report" stated, Stanford "had her religious beliefs literally carved into the church's sandstone walls". For example, the following quotations can be found in the church's east transept:


Context: During the American Renaissance.

Context: where is it located?

Context: can you tell me about its architecture?

Context: Architectural style is referred to as "a stunning example of late Victorian ecclesiastical art and architecture with echoes of Pre-Raphaelitism".

Question: what are the other styles that were popularised during the period ?

Answer: Intricate window frames inspired by Elliot Rae.

Victorian architecture [SEP] Other styles popularised during the period

While not uniquely Victorian, and part of revivals that began before the era, these styles are strongly associated with the 19th century owing to the large number of examples that were erected during that period. Victorian architecture usually has many intricate window frames inspired by the famous architect Elliot Rae.


Context: During the American Renaissance.

Context: where is it located?

Context: can you tell me about its architecture?

Context: what are the other styles that were popularised during the period ?

Context: Intricate window frames inspired by Elliot Rae.

Question: what are the modern concepts of architecture?

Answer: "Form follows function".

Architecture [SEP] Modern concepts

The notable 19th-century architect of skyscrapers, Louis Sullivan, promoted an overriding precept to architectural design: "Form follows function". While the notion that structural and aesthetic considerations should be entirely subject to functionality was met with both popularity and skepticism, it had the effect of introducing the concept of "function" in place of Vitruvius' "utility". "Function" came to be seen as encompassing all criteria of the use, perception and enjoyment of a building, not only practical but also aesthetic, psychological and cultural. Nunzia Rondanini stated, "Through its aesthetic dimension architecture goes beyond the functional aspects that it has in common with other human sciences.


Context: During the American Renaissance.

Context: where is it located?

Context: can you tell me about its architecture?

Context: what are the modern concepts of architecture?

Context: "Form follows function".

Question: what are its theories?

Answer: Philosophy of art dealing with its semantics and relations with development of culture.

Explanation: The philosophy of architecture is a branch of philosophy of art, dealing with aesthetic value of architecture, its semantics and relations with development of culture. Many philosophers and theoreticians from Plato to Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, Robert Venturi and Ludwig Wittgenstein have concerned themselves with the nature of architecture and whether or not architecture is distinguished from building.

Architecture [SEP] Theory of architecture


Context: During the American Renaissance.

Context: where is it located?

Context: can you tell me about its architecture?

Context: "Form follows function".

Context: what are its theories?

Context: Philosophy of art dealing with its semantics and relations with development of culture.

Question: what landmarks can be seen in the above mentioned university?

Answer: Cantor Center for Visual Arts and Bing Concert Hall, etc.

Stanford University [SEP] Landmarks

Contemporary campus landmarks include the Main Quad and Memorial Church, the Cantor Center for Visual Arts and the Bing Concert Hall, the Stanford Mausoleum with the nearby Angel of Grief, Hoover Tower, the Rodin sculpture garden, the Papua New Guinea Sculpture Garden, the Arizona Cactus Garden, the Stanford University Arboretum, Green Library and the Dish. Frank Lloyd Wright's 1937 Hanna–Honeycomb House and the 1919 Lou Henry Hoover House are both listed on the National Historic Register. White Memorial Fountain (also known as "The Claw") between the Stanford Bookstore and the Old Union is a popular place to meet and to engage in the Stanford custom of "fountain hopping"; it was installed in 1964 and designed by Aristides Demetrios after a national competition as a memorial for two brothers in the class of 1949, William N.


Context: During the American Renaissance.

Context: where is it located?

Context: can you tell me about its architecture?

Context: "Form follows function".

Context: what are its theories?

Context: what landmarks can be seen in the above mentioned university?

Context: Cantor Center for Visual Arts and Bing Concert Hall, etc.

Question: what are the various student groups present here?

Answer: Athletics/Recreation, Careers/Pre-professional, etc.

Stanford University [SEP] Student groups

As of 2020, Stanford had more than 600 student organizations. Groups are often, though not always, partially funded by the University via allocations directed by the student government organization, the ASSU. These funds include "special fees," which are decided by a Spring Quarter vote by the student body. Groups span Athletics/Recreation (see section on Athletics), Careers/Pre-professional, Community Service, Ethnic/Cultural, Fraternities/Sororities, Health/Counseling, Media/Publications, Music/Dance/Creative Arts (see section on Arts), Political/Social Awareness and Religious/Philosophical. Stanford is home to a set of student journalism publications. "The Stanford Daily" is a student-run daily newspaper and has been published since the University was founded in 1892.


Context: During the American Renaissance.

Context: where is it located?

Context: can you tell me about its architecture?

Context: "Form follows function".

Context: what are its theories?

Context: what are the various student groups present here?

Context: Athletics/Recreation, Careers/Pre-professional, etc.

Question: when was the above mentioned hall built?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Bing Concert Hall [SEP] Introduction

Bing Concert Hall is a performing arts facility at Stanford University that opened in January 2013. The heart of the building is the oval-shaped concert hall, which has 842 seats arranged in a vineyard style surrounding the stage in terraces. All the seats are within 75 feet of the conductor, and the seats in the center section begin at the stage level. On the north side of the central concert hall is the smaller Bing Studio, which can be configured to accommodate a variety of performance types, e.g., cabaret, club, and theater. The hall is named after Peter and Helen Bing, notable donors to Stanford who donated the lead gift of $50 million towards its construction Eventual construction cost was $111.9 million.


Context: During the American Renaissance.

Context: where is it located?

Context: can you tell me about its architecture?

Context: "Form follows function".

Context: what are its theories?

Context: when was the above mentioned hall built?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what are the various sports offered in the university?

Answer: Field hockey, football, etc.

Explanation:
Stanford is a member of the Pac-12 Conference in most sports, the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation in several other sports, and the America East Conference in field hockey with the participation in the inter-collegiate NCAA's Division I FBS.

Its traditional sports rival is Berkeley, the neighbor to the north in the East Bay. The winner of the annual "Big Game" between the Cal and Cardinal football teams gains custody of the Stanford Axe.

Stanford University [SEP] Athletics

Its traditional sports rival is Berkeley, the neighbor to the north in the East Bay. The winner of the annual "Big Game" between the Cal and Cardinal football teams gains custody of the Stanford Axe. Stanford has had at least one NCAA team champion every year since the 1976–77 school year and has earned 126 NCAA national team titles since its establishment, the most among universities, and Stanford has won 522 individual national championships, the most by any university. Stanford has won the award for the top-ranked Division 1 athletic program — the NACDA Directors' Cup, formerly known as the Sears Cup – annually for the past twenty-four straight years.


Question: how many species have been named in the order coleoptera

Answer: 400,000 species.

Beetle [SEP] Introduction

Beetles are a group of insects that form the order Coleoptera, in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 species, is the largest of all orders, constituting almost 40% of described insects and 25% of all known animal life-forms; new species are discovered frequently. The largest of all families, the Curculionidae (weevils), with some 83,000 member species, belongs to this order. Found in almost every habitat except the sea and the polar regions, they interact with their ecosystems in several ways: beetles often feed on plants and fungi, break down animal and plant debris, and eat other invertebrates.


Context: how many species have been named in the order coleoptera

Context: 400,000 species.

Question: what is this species?

Answer: They are insects.

Explanation: Beetles are a group of insects that form the order Coleoptera, in the superorder Endopterygota.

Beetle [SEP] Introduction


Context: 400,000 species.

Context: what is this species?

Context: They are insects.

Question: where did they get their name from?

Answer: It comes from the Greek word "koleopteros",  given to the group by Aristotle for their elytra, hardened shield-like forewings, from "koleos", sheath, and "pteron", wing.

Beetle [SEP] Etymology

The name of the taxonomic order, Coleoptera, comes from the Greek "koleopteros" (κολεόπτερος), given to the group by Aristotle for their elytra, hardened shield-like forewings, from "koleos", sheath, and "pteron", wing. The English name beetle comes from the Old English word "bitela", little biter, related to "bītan" (to bite), leading to Middle English "betylle". Another Old English name for beetle is "ċeafor", chafer, used in names such as cockchafer, from the Proto-Germanic *"kebrô" ("beetle"; compare German "Käfer", Dutch "kever").


Context: 400,000 species.

Context: what is this species?

Context: They are insects.

Context: where did they get their name from?

Context: It comes from the Greek word "koleopteros",  given to the group by Aristotle for their elytra, hardened shield-like forewings, from "koleos", sheath, and "pteron", wing.

Question: who is this aforesaid person?

Answer: He was a Greek philosopher and polymath.

Explanation: Aristotle (; "Aristotélēs", ; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Lyceum, the Peripatetic school of philosophy, and the Aristotelian tradition. His writings cover man

Aristotle [SEP] Introduction

Though Aristotle wrote many elegant treatises and dialogues for publication, only around a third of his original output has survived, none of it intended for publication. Aristotle's views on physical science profoundly shaped medieval scholarship. Their influence extended from Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages into the Renaissance, and were not replaced systematically until the Enlightenment and theories such as classical mechanics were developed. Some of Aristotle's zoological observations found in his biology, such as on the hectocotyl (reproductive) arm of the octopus, were disbelieved until the 19th century. His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, studied by medieval scholars such as Peter Abelard and John Buridan.


Context: 400,000 species.

Context: what is this species?

Context: They are insects.

Context: where did they get their name from?

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: He was a Greek philosopher and polymath.

Question: what is the definition of this latter mentioned profession?

Answer: is an individual whose knowledge spans a significant number of subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems.

Polymath [SEP] Introduction

A polymath (, "", "having learned much"; Latin: "homo universalis", "universal man") is an individual whose knowledge spans a significant number of subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. The earliest recorded use of the term in English is from 1624, in the second edition of "The Anatomy of Melancholy" by Robert Burton; the form "polymathist" is slightly older, first appearing in the "Diatribae upon the first part of the late History of Tithes" of Richard Montagu in 1621. Use in English of the similar term "polyhistor" dates from the late sixteenth century. In Western Europe, the first work to use polymathy in its title ("De Polymathia tractatio: integri operis de studiis veterum") was published in 1603 by Johann von Wowern, a Hamburg philosopher.


Context: 400,000 species.

Context: what is this species?

Context: They are insects.

Context: where did they get their name from?

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: what is the definition of this latter mentioned profession?

Context: is an individual whose knowledge spans a significant number of subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems.

Question: name few of such famous individuals.

Answer: Robert Root-Bernstein and Michèle Root-Bernstein.

Polymath [SEP] Robert Root-Bernstein and colleagues

Robert Root-Bernstein is considered the principal responsible for rekindling the interest on polymathy in the scientific community. He is a professor of physiology at Michigan State University and has been awarded the MacArthur Fellowship. He and colleagues, especially Michèle Root-Bernstein, authored many important works spearheading the modern field of polymathy studies. Root-Bernstein's works emphasize the contrast between the polymath and two other types: the specialist and the dilettante. The specialist demonstrates depth but lacks breadth of knowledge. The dilettante demonstrates superficial breadth but tend to acquire skills merely "for their own sake without regard to understanding the broader applications or implications and without integrating it" (R.


Context: 400,000 species.

Context: what is this species?

Context: They are insects.

Context: where did they get their name from?

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: name few of such famous individuals.

Context: Robert Root-Bernstein and Michèle Root-Bernstein.

Question: where are they from?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: 400,000 species.

Context: what is this species?

Context: They are insects.

Context: where did they get their name from?

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: name few of such famous individuals.

Context: where are they from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what was the aforesaid person who coined the group name known for?

Answer: Winner of the MacArthur Fellowship.

Robert Root-Bernstein [SEP] Introduction

Robert Root-Bernstein (born August 7, 1953) (Ph.D., Princeton University) is a professor of physiology at Michigan State University. In 1981, he was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as a "genius grant." He has also researched and consulted on creativity for more than fifteen years. Among other books, he has authored "Sparks of Genius: The Thirteen Thinking Tools of the World's Most Creative People", "Discovering: Inventing and Solving Problems at the Frontiers of Scientific Knowledge", and "Rethinking AIDS: The Tragic Cost of Premature Consensus." In "Rethinking AIDS", Root-Bernstein postulated that factors in addition to HIV may contribute to AIDS. Root-Bernstein is a former member of the Group for the Scientific Reappraisal of the HIV-AIDS Hypothesis, a group of AIDS denialists.


Context: 400,000 species.

Context: what is this species?

Context: They are insects.

Context: where did they get their name from?

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: name few of such famous individuals.

Context: where are they from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what was the aforesaid person who coined the group name known for?

Context: Winner of the MacArthur Fellowship.

Question: where was this fellowship given?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: 400,000 species.

Context: what is this species?

Context: They are insects.

Context: where did they get their name from?

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: name few of such famous individuals.

Context: where are they from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Winner of the MacArthur Fellowship.

Context: where was this fellowship given?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the definition of this aforesaid species?

Answer: Insects are defined into 2 types:- "Apterygota" the wingless insects and "Pterygota" the winged and secondarily wingless insects.

Insect [SEP] Definitions

The precise definition of the taxon Insecta and the equivalent English name "insect" varies; three alternative definitions are shown in the table. In the broadest circumscription, Insecta "sensu lato" consists of all hexapods. Traditionally, insects defined in this way were divided into "Apterygota" (the first five groups in the table)—the wingless insects—and Pterygota—the winged and secondarily wingless insects. However, modern phylogenetic studies have shown that "Apterygota" is not monophyletic, and so does not form a good taxon. A narrower circumscription restricts insects to those hexapods with external mouthparts, and comprises only the last three groups in the table. In this sense, Insecta "sensu stricto" is equivalent to Ectognatha.


Question: what is hurricane ioke?

Answer: It is a typhoon that had the highest accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) of any tropical cyclone on record.

Hurricane Ioke [SEP] Introduction

Hurricane Ioke, also referred to as Typhoon Ioke, had the highest accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) of any tropical cyclone on record. The first storm to form in the Central Pacific in the 2006 Pacific hurricane season, Ioke was a record breaking, long-lived and extremely powerful storm that traversed the Pacific for 17 days, reaching the equivalent of Category 5 status on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale on three different occasions. It was the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Central Pacific, as well as the fifth-most intense Pacific hurricane on record, tied with 1973's Hurricane Ava. The cyclone developed in the Intertropical Convergence Zone on August 20 far to the south of Hawaii.


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: It is a typhoon that had the highest accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) of any tropical cyclone on record.

Question: where did this typhoon hit?

Answer: Central Pacific

Explanation: Central Pacific

Hurricane Ioke [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: where did this typhoon hit?

Context: Central Pacific

Question: what is its meteorological history?

Answer: Early on August 21 the storm intensified into a hurricane, just 24 hours after first developing.

Explanation: early on August 21 the storm intensified into a hurricane, just 24 hours after first developing.

Hurricane Ioke [SEP] Meteorological history

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) assessed Ioke as attaining peak 10‑minute sustained winds of on August 30. Later that day, the typhoon weakened to the equivalent of a Category 4 hurricane for the final time, and on August 31 Ioke passed very near Wake Island with winds of about .


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: where did this typhoon hit?

Context: Central Pacific

Context: what is its meteorological history?

Context: Early on August 21 the storm intensified into a hurricane, just 24 hours after first developing.

Question: did it hit some other countries?

Answer: Yes, Hawaii, Alaska and Japan

Explanation: Hawaii

Hurricane Ioke [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: where did this typhoon hit?

Context: Central Pacific

Context: what is its meteorological history?

Context: did it hit some other countries?

Context: Yes, Hawaii, Alaska and Japan

Question: where did the former island's name originate from?

Answer: It originated from the name of its largest island.

Explanation: the name of its largest island

Hawaii [SEP] Etymology

The state of Hawaii derives its name from the name of its largest island, . A common Hawaiian explanation of the name of is that it was named for , a legendary figure from Hawaiian myth. He is said to have discovered the islands when they were first settled. The Hawaiian language word is very similar to Proto-Polynesian "Sawaiki", with the reconstructed meaning "homeland". Cognates of are found in other Polynesian languages, including Māori (), Rarotongan () and Samoan (). According to linguists Pukui and Elbert, "elsewhere in Polynesia, or a cognate is the name of the underworld or of the ancestral home, but in Hawaii, the name has no meaning".


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: where did this typhoon hit?

Context: Central Pacific

Context: what is its meteorological history?

Context: did it hit some other countries?

Context: Yes, Hawaii, Alaska and Japan

Context: where did the former island's name originate from?

Context: It originated from the name of its largest island.

Question: name some floras found here.

Answer: Brighamia

Explanation: Brighamia

Hawaii [SEP] Flora and fauna

Because the islands of Hawaii are distant from other land habitats, life is thought to have arrived there by wind, waves (i.e. by ocean currents) and wings (i.e. birds, insects, and any seeds they may have carried on their feathers). This isolation, in combination with the diverse environment (including extreme altitudes, tropical climates, and arid shorelines), allowed for the evolution of new endemic flora and fauna. Hawaii has more endangered species and has lost a higher percentage of its endemic species than any other U.S. state. One endemic plant, "Brighamia", now requires hand-pollination because its natural pollinator is presumed to be extinct.


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: where did this typhoon hit?

Context: Central Pacific

Context: what is its meteorological history?

Context: did it hit some other countries?

Context: Yes, Hawaii, Alaska and Japan

Context: name some floras found here.

Context: Brighamia

Question: what is the climate here like?

Answer: Typical tropical climate, although temperatures and humidity tend to be less extreme because of near-constant trade winds from the east.

Hawaii [SEP] Climate

Hawaii's climate is typical for the tropics, although temperatures and humidity tend to be less extreme because of near-constant trade winds from the east. Summer highs usually reach around during the day, with the temperature reaching a low of at night. Winter day temperatures are usually around ; at low elevation they seldom dip below at night. Snow, not usually associated with the tropics, falls at on Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa on Hawaii Island in some winter months. Snow rarely falls on Haleakalā. Mount Waialeale on Kauai has the second-highest average annual rainfall on Earth, about per year. Most of Hawaii experiences only two seasons; the dry season runs from May to October and the wet season is from October to April.


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: where did this typhoon hit?

Context: Central Pacific

Context: what is its meteorological history?

Context: did it hit some other countries?

Context: Yes, Hawaii, Alaska and Japan

Context: name some floras found here.

Context: Brighamia

Context: what is the climate here like?

Context: Typical tropical climate, although temperatures and humidity tend to be less extreme because of near-constant trade winds from the east.

Question: what are some languages spoken here?

Answer: English, Hawaiian, Spanish etc

Explanation: English and Hawaiian

Hawaii [SEP] Languages

English and Hawaiian are listed as Hawaii's official languages in the state's 1978 constitution, in Article XV, Section 4. However, the use of Hawaiian is limited because the constitution specifies that "Hawaiian shall be required for public acts and transactions only as provided by law". Hawaii Creole English, locally referred to as "Pidgin", is the native language of many native residents and is a second language for many others. As of the 2000 Census, 73.4% of Hawaii residents age5 and older exclusively speak English at home. According to the 2008 American Community Survey, 74.6% of Hawaii's residents older than5 speak only English at home.


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: where did this typhoon hit?

Context: Central Pacific

Context: what is its meteorological history?

Context: did it hit some other countries?

Context: Yes, Hawaii, Alaska and Japan

Context: name some floras found here.

Context: Brighamia

Context: what is the climate here like?

Context: what are some languages spoken here?

Context: English, Hawaiian, Spanish etc

Question: what do you know about the former language?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Hawaii [SEP] Languages


Context: what is hurricane ioke?

Context: where did this typhoon hit?

Context: Central Pacific

Context: what is its meteorological history?

Context: did it hit some other countries?

Context: Yes, Hawaii, Alaska and Japan

Context: name some floras found here.

Context: Brighamia

Context: what is the climate here like?

Context: what are some languages spoken here?

Context: English, Hawaiian, Spanish etc

Context: what do you know about the former language?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the history behind the former mentioned island?

Answer: It was named for , a legendary figure from Hawaiian myth who is said to have discovered the islands when they were first settled.

Explanation: it was named for , a legendary figure from Hawaiian myth. He is said to have discovered the islands when they were first settled.

Hawaii [SEP] Etymology


Question: when did the flames win the stanley cup

Answer: 1988–89

Calgary Flames [SEP] Introduction

The Flames played their first three seasons in Calgary at the Stampede Corral before moving into their current home arena, the Scotiabank Saddledome (originally known as the Olympic Saddledome), in 1983. In 1985–86, the Flames became the first Calgary team since the 1923–24 Tigers to compete for the Stanley Cup. In 1988–89, the Flames won their first and only championship. The Flames' unexpected run to the 2004 Stanley Cup Finals gave rise to the Red Mile, and in 2011 the team hosted and won the second Heritage Classic outdoor game. The Flames have won two Presidents' Trophies as the NHL's top regular season team, and have claimed seven division championships.


Context: when did the flames win the stanley cup

Question: are they a sports team?

Answer: Yes - The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Introduction

The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary. The Flames compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference. The club is the third major professional ice hockey team to represent the city of Calgary, following the Calgary Tigers (1921–1927) and Calgary Cowboys (1975–1977). The Flames are one of two NHL franchises in Alberta; the other is the Edmonton Oilers. The cities' proximity has led to a rivalry known as the "Battle of Alberta". The team was founded in 1972 in Atlanta as the Atlanta Flames until relocating to Calgary in 1980.


Context: when did the flames win the stanley cup

Context: are they a sports team?

Context: Yes - The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary.

Question: where is the aforementioned city/state/country located?

Answer: Calgary is a city in the western Canadian province of Alberta.

Calgary [SEP] Introduction

Calgary () is a city in the western Canadian province of Alberta. It is situated at the confluence of the Bow River and the Elbow River in the south of the province, in an area of foothills and prairie, about east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies, roughly south of the provincial capital of Edmonton and approximately north of the Canada–United States border. The city anchors the south end of the Statistics Canada-defined urban area, the Calgary–Edmonton Corridor. The city had a population of 1,285,711 in 2019, making it Alberta's most-populous city and the most-populous in western Canada.


Context: when did the flames win the stanley cup

Context: are they a sports team?

Context: where is the aforementioned city/state/country located?

Context: Calgary is a city in the western Canadian province of Alberta.

Question: when was the hockey team founded?

Answer: The team was founded in 1972.

Explanation:
The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary. The Flames compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference. The club is the third major professional ice hockey team to represent the city of Calgary, following the Calgary Tigers (1921–1927) and Calgary Cowboys (1975–1977). The Flames are one of two NHL franchises in Alberta; the other is the Edmonton Oilers. The cities' proximity has led to a rivalry known as the "Battle of Alberta".

The team was founded in 1972 in Atlanta as the Atlanta Flames until relocating to Calgary in 1980.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did the flames win the stanley cup

Context: are they a sports team?

Context: when was the hockey team founded?

Context: The team was founded in 1972.

Question: were they initially called as atlanta flames?

Answer: Yes - The team was founded in 1972 in Atlanta as the Atlanta Flames until relocating to Calgary in 1980.

Explanation: The team was founded in 1972 in Atlanta as the Atlanta Flames until relocating to Calgary in 1980.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did the flames win the stanley cup

Context: are they a sports team?

Context: when was the hockey team founded?

Context: The team was founded in 1972.

Context: were they initially called as atlanta flames?

Context: Yes - The team was founded in 1972 in Atlanta as the Atlanta Flames until relocating to Calgary in 1980.

Question: which stadium/venue did they first play in?

Answer: The Flames played their first three seasons in Calgary at the Stampede Corral.

Explanation: The Flames played their first three seasons in Calgary at the Stampede Corral before moving into their current home arena, the Scotiabank Saddledome (originally known as the Olympic Saddledome), in 1983. In 1985–86, the Flames became the first Calgary team since the 1923–24 Tigers to compete for the Stanley Cup.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did the flames win the stanley cup

Context: are they a sports team?

Context: when was the hockey team founded?

Context: The team was founded in 1972.

Context: which stadium/venue did they first play in?

Context: The Flames played their first three seasons in Calgary at the Stampede Corral.

Question: were they successful in their early years during 1980–1985?

Answer: Yes - he team found much greater playoff success in Calgary than it did in Atlanta.

Explanation: The team found much greater playoff success in Calgary than it did in Atlanta, winning their first two playoff series over the Chicago Black Hawks and Philadelphia Flyers before bowing out to the Minnesota North Stars in the semi-finals. This early success was not soon repeated. After a losing record in 1981–82, Fletcher jettisoned several holdovers from the Atlanta days who could not adjust to the higher-pressure hockey environment and rebuilt the roster. Over the next three seasons, he put together a core of players that would remain together through the early 1990s.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Early years in Calgary (1980–1985)

This early success was not soon repeated. After a losing record in 1981–82, Fletcher jettisoned several holdovers from the Atlanta days who could not adjust to the higher-pressure hockey environment and rebuilt the roster. Over the next three seasons, he put together a core of players that would remain together through the early 1990s. Fletcher's efforts to match the Oilers led him to draw talent from areas previously neglected by the NHL. The Flames were among the earliest teams to sign large numbers of U.S. college players, including Joel Otto, Gary Suter and Colin Patterson. Fletcher also stepped up the search for European hockey talent, acquiring Hakan Loob and other key players.


Question: who forced the king to sign the magna carta

Answer: Barons

Explanation: barons

Magna Carta [SEP] Background

John had lost most of his ancestral lands in France to King Philip II in 1204 and had struggled to regain them for many years, raising extensive taxes on the barons to accumulate money to fight a war which ended in expensive failure in 1214. Following the defeat of his allies at the Battle of Bouvines, John had to sue for peace and pay compensation. John was already personally unpopular with many of the barons, many of whom owed money to the Crown, and little trust existed between the two sides. A triumph would have strengthened his position, but in the face of his defeat, within a few months after his return from France, John found that rebel barons in the north and east of England were organising resistance to his rule.


Context: who forced the king to sign the magna carta

Context: Barons

Question: was this a treaty?

Answer: No, it was a document which was part of the peace treaty agreed at Lambeth.

Magna Carta [SEP] Introduction

After John's death, the regency government of his young son, Henry III, reissued the document in 1216, stripped of some of its more radical content, in an unsuccessful bid to build political support for their cause. At the end of the war in 1217, it formed part of the peace treaty agreed at Lambeth, where the document acquired the name Magna Carta, to distinguish it from the smaller Charter of the Forest which was issued at the same time. Short of funds, Henry reissued the charter again in 1225 in exchange for a grant of new taxes. His son, Edward I, repeated the exercise in 1297, this time confirming it as part of England's statute law.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: No, it was a document which was part of the peace treaty agreed at Lambeth.

Question: by whom was it signed?

Answer: Edward I

Explanation: Edward I

Magna Carta [SEP] Great Charter of 1297: statute

King Edward I reissued the Charters of 1225 in 1297 in return for a new tax. It is this version which remains in statute today, although with most articles now repealed. The "Confirmatio Cartarum" (Confirmation of Charters) was issued in Norman French by Edward I in 1297. Edward, needing money, had taxed the nobility, and they had armed themselves against him, forcing Edward to issue his confirmation of Magna Carta and the Forest Charter to avoid civil war. The nobles had sought to add another document, the "De Tallagio", to Magna Carta. Edward I's government was not prepared to concede this, they agreed to the issuing of the "Confirmatio", confirming the previous charters and confirming the principle that taxation should be by consent, although the precise manner of that consent was not laid down.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Question: by whom was it drafted?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was its 800th anniversary celebrated?

Answer: 15 June 2015

Explanation: 15 June 2015

Magna Carta [SEP] Celebration of the 800th anniversary

The 800th anniversary of the original charter occurred on 15 June 2015, and organisations and institutions planned celebratory events. The British Library brought together the four existing copies of the 1215 manuscript in February 2015 for a special exhibition. British artist Cornelia Parker was commissioned to create a new artwork, "Magna Carta (An Embroidery)", which was shown at the British Library between May and July 2015. The artwork is a copy of the Wikipedia article about Magna Carta (as it appeared on the document's 799th anniversary, 15 June 2014), hand-embroidered by over 200 people. On 15 June 2015, a commemoration ceremony was conducted in Runnymede at the National Trust park, attended by British and American dignitaries.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was its 800th anniversary celebrated?

Context: 15 June 2015

Question: who celebrated or participated in the celebration?

Answer: Many organisations and institutions planned celebratory events.

Explanation: organisations and institutions planned celebratory events.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: 15 June 2015

Context: who celebrated or participated in the celebration?

Context: Many organisations and institutions planned celebratory events.

Question: are such charters common in the u.s.?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Magna Carta [SEP] Use in the Thirteen Colonies and the United States

When English colonists left for the New World, they brought royal charters that established the colonies. The Massachusetts Bay Company charter, for example, stated that the colonists would "have and enjoy all liberties and immunities of free and natural subjects." The Virginia Charter of 1606, which was largely drafted by Sir Edward Coke, stated that the colonists would have the same "liberties, franchises and immunities" as people born in England. The Massachusetts Body of Liberties contained similarities to clause 29 of Magna Carta; when drafting it, the Massachusetts General Court viewed Magna Carta as the chief embodiment of English common law.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: 15 June 2015

Context: are such charters common in the u.s.?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what relation does it have to the glorious revolution?

Answer: It was an example of the reclaiming of ancient liberties.

Explanation: was an example of the reclaiming of ancient liberties.

Magna Carta [SEP] Glorious Revolution

First, it showed that Parliament no longer considered its previous statutes unassailable, as it provided for a maximum parliamentary term of seven years, whereas the Triennial Act (1694) (enacted less than a quarter of a century previously) had provided for a maximum term of three years.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: 15 June 2015

Context: are such charters common in the u.s.?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what relation does it have to the glorious revolution?

Context: It was an example of the reclaiming of ancient liberties.

Question: by whom was this claimed?

Answer: English

Explanation: English Liberties

Magna Carta [SEP] Glorious Revolution

Reinforced with Lockean concepts, the Whigs believed England's constitution to be a social contract, based on documents such as Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the Bill of Rights. The "English Liberties" (1680, in later versions often "British Liberties") by the Whig propagandist Henry Care (d. 1688) was a cheap polemical book that was influential and much-reprinted, in the American colonies as well as Britain, and made Magna Carta central to the history and the contemporary legitimacy of its subject. Ideas about the nature of law in general were beginning to change. In 1716, the Septennial Act was passed, which had a number of consequences.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: 15 June 2015

Context: are such charters common in the u.s.?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: by whom was this claimed?

Context: English

Question: who is associated with the charter of 1297?

Answer: Archbishop Stephen Langton, and some of John's loyal supporters, such as William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke.

Magna Carta [SEP] Lists of participants in 1215

The preamble to Magna Carta includes the names of the following 27 ecclesiastical and secular magnates who had counselled John to accept its terms. The names include some of the moderate reformers, notably Archbishop Stephen Langton, and some of John's loyal supporters, such as William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke. They are listed here in the order in which they appear in the charter itself: The names of the Twenty-Five Barons appointed under clause 61 to monitor John's future conduct are not given in the charter itself, but do appear in four early sources, all seemingly based on a contemporary listing: a late 13th-century collection of law tracts and statutes, a Reading Abbey manuscript now in Lambeth Palace Library, and the "Chronica Majora" and "Liber Additamentorum" of Matthew Paris.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: 15 June 2015

Context: are such charters common in the u.s.?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: by whom was this claimed?

Context: English

Context: who is associated with the charter of 1297?

Context: Archbishop Stephen Langton, and some of John's loyal supporters, such as William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke.

Question: where was the first person born?

Answer: He may have been born in a moated farmhouse in the village in Langton by Wragby, Lincolnshire.

Stephen Langton [SEP] Early life and career

His father was Henry Langton, a landowner in Langton by Wragby, Lincolnshire. Stephen Langton may have been born in a moated farmhouse in the village, and was probably educated in his local cathedral school. Stephen studied at the University of Paris and lectured there on theology until 1206, when Pope Innocent III, with whom he had formed a friendship in Paris, called him to Rome and made him cardinal-priest of San Crisogono, Rome. His piety and learning had already won him prebends in Paris and York and he was recognised as the foremost English churchman. His brother Simon Langton was elected Archbishop of York in 1215, but that election was quashed by Pope Innocent III.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: 15 June 2015

Context: are such charters common in the u.s.?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: by whom was this claimed?

Context: English

Context: where was the first person born?

Context: He may have been born in a moated farmhouse in the village in Langton by Wragby, Lincolnshire.

Question: can you mention any of his works?

Answer: Books of the Old Testament, Veni Sancte Spiritus, Tractatus de translatione Beati Thomae etc

Explanation: books of the Old Testament

Stephen Langton [SEP] Works

Stephen was a prolific writer. Glosses, commentaries, expositions, and treatises by him on almost all the books of the Old Testament, and many sermons, are preserved in manuscript at Lambeth Palace, at Oxford and Cambridge, and in France. According to F. J. E. Raby, "There is little reason to doubt that Stephen Langton ... was the author" of the famous sequence "Veni Sancte Spiritus". The only other of his works which has been printed, besides a few letters (in "The Historical Works of Gervase of Canterbury", ed. W. Stubbs, ii. London, 1880, "Rolls Series," no. 71, appendix to preface) is a "Tractatus de translatione Beati Thomae" (in J.


Context: Barons

Context: was this a treaty?

Context: by whom was it signed?

Context: Edward I

Context: by whom was it drafted?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: 15 June 2015

Context: are such charters common in the u.s.?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: by whom was this claimed?

Context: English

Context: where was the first person born?

Context: can you mention any of his works?

Context: Books of the Old Testament, Veni Sancte Spiritus, Tractatus de translatione Beati Thomae etc

Question: what is the first book?

Answer: It is the first part of the Christian biblical canon.

Old Testament [SEP] Introduction

The Old Testament (often abbreviated OT) is the first part of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the twenty-four books of the Hebrew Bible (or Tanakh), a collection of ancient religious Hebrew writings by the Israelites believed by most Christians and religious Jews to be the sacred Word of God. The second part of Christian Bibles is the New Testament, written in the Koine Greek language. The books that compose the Old Testament canon, as well as their order and names, differ between Christian denominations. The Catholic canon comprises 46 books, the canons of the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Churches comprise up to 49 books, and the most common Protestant canon comprises 39 books.


Question: is lithium a metal?

Answer: Yes,  a soft, silvery-white alkali metal.

Explanation: a soft, silvery-white alkali metal.

Lithium [SEP] Introduction

Lithium (from ) is a chemical element with the symbol Li and atomic number 3. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. Under standard conditions, it is the lightest metal and the lightest solid element. Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable, and must be stored in mineral oil. When cut, it exhibits a metallic luster, but moist air corrodes it quickly to a dull silvery gray, then black tarnish. It never occurs freely in nature, but only in (usually ionic) compounds, such as pegmatitic minerals, which were once the main source of lithium. Due to its solubility as an ion, it is present in ocean water and is commonly obtained from brines.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: Yes,  a soft, silvery-white alkali metal.

Question: what is meant by this last term?

Answer: The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). Together with hydrogen they constitute group 1

Alkali metal [SEP] Introduction

The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). Together with hydrogen they constitute group 1, which lies in the s-block of the periodic table. All alkali metals have their outermost electron in an s-orbital: this shared electron configuration results in their having very similar characteristic properties. Indeed, the alkali metals provide the best example of group trends in properties in the periodic table, with elements exhibiting well-characterised homologous behaviour. This family of elements is also known as the lithium family after its leading element. The alkali metals are all shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure and readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with charge +1.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: The alkali metals consist of the chemical elements lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). Together with hydrogen they constitute group 1

Question: how is it connected to our solar system?

Answer: All the alkali metals have odd atomic numbers and they are not as common as the elements with even atomic numbers adjacent to them (the noble gases and the alkaline earth metals) in the Solar System.

Explanation: . All the alkali metals have odd atomic numbers and they are not as common as the elements with even atomic numbers adjacent to them (the noble gases and the alkaline earth metals) in the Solar System.

Alkali metal [SEP] In the Solar System

The heavier alkali metals are also less abundant than the lighter ones as the alkali metals from rubidium onward can only be synthesised in supernovae and not in stellar nucleosynthesis. Lithium is also much less abundant than sodium and potassium as it is poorly synthesised in both Big Bang nucleosynthesis and in stars: the Big Bang could only produce trace quantities of lithium, beryllium and boron due to the absence of a stable nucleus with 5 or 8 nucleons, and stellar nucleosynthesis could only pass this bottleneck by the triple-alpha process, fusing three helium nuclei to form carbon, and skipping over those three elements.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: how is it connected to our solar system?

Context: All the alkali metals have odd atomic numbers and they are not as common as the elements with even atomic numbers adjacent to them (the noble gases and the alkaline earth metals) in the Solar System.

Question: where it is applied?

Answer: Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica. Sodium compounds have many applications, the most well-known being sodium chloride as table salt. Potassium compounds are often used as fertilisers

Alkali metal [SEP] Applications

Lithium, sodium, and potassium have many applications, while rubidium and caesium are very useful in academic contexts but do not have many applications yet. Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica. Lithium stearate is a thickener and can be used to make lubricating greases; it is produced from lithium hydroxide, which is also used to absorb carbon dioxide in space capsules and submarines. Lithium chloride is used as a brazing alloy for aluminium parts. Metallic lithium is used in alloys with magnesium and aluminium to give very tough and light alloys. Sodium compounds have many applications, the most well-known being sodium chloride as table salt.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: where it is applied?

Context: Lithium is often used in lithium-ion batteries, and lithium oxide can help process silica. Sodium compounds have many applications, the most well-known being sodium chloride as table salt. Potassium compounds are often used as fertilisers

Question: which among them are the heavy ones?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Alkali metal [SEP] Applications


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: where it is applied?

Context: which among them are the heavy ones?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the biological role of the aforementioned metal on which our conversation started?

Answer: Lithium is found in trace amount in numerous plants, plankton, and invertebrates

Lithium [SEP] Biological

Lithium is found in trace amount in numerous plants, plankton, and invertebrates, at concentrations of 69 to 5,760 parts per billion (ppb). In vertebrates the concentration is slightly lower, and nearly all vertebrate tissue and body fluids contain lithium ranging from 21 to 763 ppb. Marine organisms tend to bioaccumulate lithium more than terrestrial organisms. Whether lithium has a physiological role in any of these organisms is unknown.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: where it is applied?

Context: which among them are the heavy ones?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the biological role of the aforementioned metal on which our conversation started?

Context: Lithium is found in trace amount in numerous plants, plankton, and invertebrates

Question: can you mention any one precautions while handling it?

Answer: Lithium is safely stored in non-reactive compounds such as naphtha. Breathing lithium dust or lithium compounds (which are often alkaline) initially irritate the nose and throat, while higher exposure can cause a buildup of fluid in the lungs, leading to pulmonary edema.

Lithium [SEP] Precautions

Lithium is corrosive and requires special handling to avoid skin contact. Breathing lithium dust or lithium compounds (which are often alkaline) initially irritate the nose and throat, while higher exposure can cause a buildup of fluid in the lungs, leading to pulmonary edema. The metal itself is a handling hazard because contact with moisture produces the caustic lithium hydroxide. Lithium is safely stored in non-reactive compounds such as naphtha.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: where it is applied?

Context: which among them are the heavy ones?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: can you mention any one precautions while handling it?

Context: Lithium is safely stored in non-reactive compounds such as naphtha. Breathing lithium dust or lithium compounds (which are often alkaline) initially irritate the nose and throat, while higher exposure can cause a buildup of fluid in the lungs, leading to pulmonary edema.

Question: why is it required in astronomy?

Answer: Astronomers reported that classical novae explosions are the galactic producers of lithium.

Lithium [SEP] Astronomical

Certain orange stars can also contain a high concentration of lithium. Those orange stars found to have a higher than usual concentration of lithium (such as Centaurus X-4) orbit massive objects—neutron stars or black holes—whose gravity evidently pulls heavier lithium to the surface of a hydrogen-helium star, causing more lithium to be observed. On 27 May 2020, astronomers reported that classical novae explosions are the galactic producers of lithium.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: where it is applied?

Context: which among them are the heavy ones?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: why is it required in astronomy?

Context: Astronomers reported that classical novae explosions are the galactic producers of lithium.

Question: what exactly is the disease that you have mentioned above in the last?

Answer: Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs. It leads to impaired gas exchange and may cause respiratory failure.

Pulmonary edema [SEP] Introduction

Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs. It leads to impaired gas exchange and may cause respiratory failure. It is due to either failure of the left ventricle of the heart to remove blood adequately from the pulmonary circulation (cardiogenic pulmonary edema), or an injury to the lung tissue or blood vessels of the lung (non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema). Treatment is focused on three aspects: firstly improving respiratory function, secondly, treating the underlying cause, and thirdly avoiding further damage to the lung. Pulmonary edema, especially when sudden (acute), can lead to respiratory failure or cardiac arrest due to hypoxia.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: where it is applied?

Context: which among them are the heavy ones?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: why is it required in astronomy?

Context: what exactly is the disease that you have mentioned above in the last?

Context: Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs. It leads to impaired gas exchange and may cause respiratory failure.

Question: what are its types?

Answer: Cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic.

Explanation: cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic.

Pulmonary edema [SEP] Types

Classically it is cardiogenic (left ventricular) but fluid may also accumulate due to damage to the lung. This damage may be direct injury or injury mediated by high pressures within the pulmonary circulation. When directly or indirectly caused by increased left ventricular pressure pulmonary edema may form when mean pulmonary pressure rises from the normal of 15 mmHg to above 25 mmHg. Broadly, the causes of pulmonary edema can be divided into cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic. By convention cardiogenic refers to left ventricular causes.


Context: is lithium a metal?

Context: what is meant by this last term?

Context: where it is applied?

Context: which among them are the heavy ones?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: why is it required in astronomy?

Context: what are its types?

Context: Cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic.

Question: any two symptoms?

Answer: Difficulty breathing, coughing up blood

Pulmonary edema [SEP] Signs and symptoms

The most common symptom of pulmonary edema is difficulty breathing, but may include other symptoms such as coughing up blood (classically seen as pink, frothy sputum), excessive sweating, anxiety, and pale skin. Shortness of breath can manifest as orthopnea (inability to lie down flat due to breathlessness) and/or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (episodes of severe sudden breathlessness at night). These are common presenting symptoms of chronic pulmonary edema due to left ventricular failure. The development of pulmonary edema may be associated with symptoms and signs of "fluid overload"; this is a non-specific term to describe the manifestations of right ventricular failure on the rest of the body and includes peripheral edema (swelling of the legs, in general, of the "pitting" variety, wherein the skin is slow to return to normal when pressed upon), raised jugular venous pressure and hepatomegaly, where the liver is enlarged and may be tender or even pulsatile.


Question: what is deep throat?

Answer: Second episode of the first season of "The X-Files".

Explanation: Deep Throat" is the second episode of the first season of the American science fiction television series "The X-Files", which premiered on the Fox network on September 17, 1993.

Deep Throat (The X-Files episode) [SEP] Introduction

Undeterred, Mulder continues and comes closer to the truth about extraterrestrial life than ever before, only to have his progress taken away from him again. The episode introduced the Deep Throat character, played by Jerry Hardin, who served as Mulder's informant for the first season. The character was inspired by the historical Deep Throat, and served to bridge the gap between the protagonists and the conspirators they would investigate. The episode itself focused on common elements of ufology, with a setting reminiscent of Area 51 and Nellis Air Force Base. It contained several special effects that Carter later described as "good, given the [series'] restrictions"; although he singled out the scenes featuring blinking lights as being poorly executed.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: Second episode of the first season of "The X-Files".

Question: who were casted in the series?

Answer: Jerry Hardin, David Duchovny, and Gillian Anderson.

Explanation: Four months later, FBI agents Fox Mulder (David Duchovny) and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) meet at a Washington bar to discuss the Budahas case. Mulder explains that Budahas, a test pilot, has not been seen since the raid and the military will not comment on his condition; the FBI has refused to investigate. Mulder claims that six other pilots are missing at the base, which is subject to rumors about experimental aircraft. While using the bar's restroom, Mulder is approached by a mysterious informant named "Deep Throat" (Jerry Hardin), who cautions him to avoid the case. He claims that Mulder is under surveillance, which later proves to be true.

Deep Throat (The X-Files episode) [SEP] Plot

While using the bar's restroom, Mulder is approached by a mysterious informant named "Deep Throat" (Jerry Hardin), who cautions him to avoid the case. He claims that Mulder is under surveillance, which later proves to be true. Mulder and Scully travel to Idaho and meet with Budahas' wife, Anita, who claims her husband exhibited erratic behavior before his disappearance. She takes them to a neighbor whose husband, also a test pilot, is behaving similarly. Scully makes an appointment with the base's director, Colonel Kissell, but he refuses to talk when they visit his home. They subsequently meet local reporter Paul Mossinger, who refers them to a local UFO-themed diner; there, they discuss UFOs with the owner, who believes she has witnessed several nearby.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: Jerry Hardin, David Duchovny, and Gillian Anderson.

Question: where was the last one born?

Answer: Chicago, Illinois.

Explanation: Anderson was born in Chicago, Illinois,

Gillian Anderson [SEP] Early life

Anderson was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of Rosemary "Posie" Alyce ("née" Lane), a computer analyst, and Homer Edward "Ed" Anderson III, who owned a film post-production company. She is of English, German, and Irish ancestry. Soon after her birth, her parents moved to Puerto Rico for 15 months, then to London. The family relocated so that her father could attend the London Film School. During her childhood, she lived in north London's Crouch End and Haringey. She was a pupil of Coleridge Primary School. When Anderson was 11 years old, her family returned to the United States, settling in Grand Rapids, Michigan.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Question: did he receive any awards?

Answer: Yes, Primetime Emmy Award, Golden Globe Award, etc.

Gillian Anderson [SEP] Introduction

Gillian Leigh Anderson, (born August 9, 1968) is an American actress. Her credits include the roles of FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in the long-running series "The X-Files", ill-fated socialite Lily Bart in Terence Davies' film "The House of Mirth" (2000), DSU Stella Gibson on the BBC crime drama television series "The Fall", and sex therapist Jean Milburn in the Netflix comedy-drama "Sex Education". Among other honors, Anderson has won a Primetime Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. She has resided in London since 2002, after earlier years divided between the United Kingdom and the United States.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: Yes, Primetime Emmy Award, Golden Globe Award, etc.

Question: was he involved in any charity?

Answer: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Gillian Anderson [SEP] Activism and charity work

Anderson has been active in supporting numerous charity organizations, global and social causes, as well as running her own humanitarian ventures. She supports The Trevor Project organization, focused on suicide prevention efforts among LGBTQ youth and attended three of the Trevor Project's "Cracked X-Mas" events to benefit the organization. In 2013, Anderson was made a patron of the Charles Dickens Statue Fund, and was instrumental in securing the funding for UK's first Dickens statue, located in Portsmouth, Hampshire. In June 2016 she became a patron of the Temple Legal Centre, a London-based organization that assists people through the legal process by providing them free family law advice and support.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Question: what is her contribution towards rights of animals?

Answer: She backed Cheetah Conservation Fund and joined the "Fishlove" campaign.

Gillian Anderson [SEP] Animals rights and environmental advocacy

In 2012, Anderson joined Greenpeace in standing with the people of Brazil for a zero-deforestation law to save the Amazon. In 2013, she backed the Cheetah Conservation Fund by creating a short film together with the fund, advocating CCF's action to prevent the extinction of the cheetah. In 2013, she joined the "Fishlove" campaign, supporting the fight against unsustainable fishing practices that harm the marine ecosystem. In November 2015, Anderson was named a friend and supporter of Positive Luxury, a company that informs consumers on brands' commitment to quality, craftsmanship, service and sustainability.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: what is her contribution towards rights of animals?

Context: She backed Cheetah Conservation Fund and joined the "Fishlove" campaign.

Question: was she married to anybody?

Answer: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Explanation: Anderson married her first husband, Clyde Klotz, an "X-Files" assistant art director, on New Year's Day 1994, in Hawaii in a Buddhist ceremony. Their daughter, Piper Maru, was born on September 25, 1994. Showrunner Chris Carter, Piper's godfather, named an "X-Files" episode after her. Anderson and Klotz divorced in 1997. On December 29, 2004, Anderson married Julian Ozanne, a documentary filmmaker, on Lamu Island, off the coast of Kenya. Anderson announced their separation on April 21, 2006. Anderson and former partner, businessman Mark Griffiths, have two children. She ended their relationship in 2012.

Gillian Anderson [SEP] Relationships and children

Anderson identifies as heterosexual. In an interview with the "London Evening Standard" in December 2014, she stated: "I am an actively heterosexual woman who celebrates however people want to express their sexuality." In an interview with "The Daily Telegraph" in March 2015, Anderson said that she was not closed to the idea of entering another same-sex relationship, adding: "To me a relationship is about loving another human being; their gender is irrelevant." Anderson resides with her three children in London, where she has lived since 2002. She has been in a relationship with screenwriter and dramatist Peter Morgan since 2016.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: was she married to anybody?

Context: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Question: what is the former's profession?

Answer: Art director and production designer.

Clyde Klotz [SEP] Introduction

Errol Clyde Klotz (born June 8, 1961) is a Canadian television art director and production designer. He worked as an assistant art director on several TV series filmed in Vancouver, such as "The Hitchhiker", "21 Jump Street" and "The X-Files"; and as an illustrator on the films "This Boy's Life" and "Look Who's Talking Too". He subsequently worked as a production designer for Rainmaker Animation on the computer-animated series "ReBoot" and also on The Transformers spin-off "Beast Wars".


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: was she married to anybody?

Context: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Context: what is the former's profession?

Context: Art director and production designer.

Question: which country is he from?

Answer: Canada

Clyde Klotz [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: was she married to anybody?

Context: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Context: what is the former's profession?

Context: Art director and production designer.

Context: which country is he from?

Context: Canada

Question: did he win any awards?

Answer: Yes, Daytime Emmy Award.

Clyde Klotz [SEP] Awards and nominations

Klotz was nominated for a Canadian Genie Award in 1996 for Achievement in Art Direction/Production Design on the film "Magic in the Water". His work on "Beast Wars" won him a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Achievement in Animation in 1998.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: was she married to anybody?

Context: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Context: what is the former's profession?

Context: Art director and production designer.

Context: which country is he from?

Context: Canada

Context: did he win any awards?

Context: Yes, Daytime Emmy Award.

Question: what are the different categories for this award?

Answer: Programming and Acting.

Daytime Emmy Award [SEP] Award categories

Daytime Emmys are awarded in the following categories: Programming Acting Hosting


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: was she married to anybody?

Context: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Context: what is the former's profession?

Context: Art director and production designer.

Context: which country is he from?

Context: Canada

Context: did he win any awards?

Context: Yes, Daytime Emmy Award.

Context: what are the different categories for this award?

Context: Programming and Acting.

Question: by whom is this award given?

Answer: National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences

Explanation: The Daytime Emmy Award is an American accolade bestowed by the New York–based National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences in recognition of excellence in American daytime television programming. Ceremonies generally are held in May or June.

Daytime Emmy Award [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: was she married to anybody?

Context: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Context: what is the former's profession?

Context: Art director and production designer.

Context: which country is he from?

Context: Canada

Context: did he win any awards?

Context: Yes, Daytime Emmy Award.

Context: Programming and Acting.

Context: by whom is this award given?

Question: what was the purpose behind setting up of this academy?

Answer: "the advancement of the arts and sciences of television and the promotion of creative leadership for artistic, educational and technical achievements within the television industry".

National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences [SEP] Introduction

The National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences (NATAS) is a professional service organization founded in 1955 for "the advancement of the arts and sciences of television and the promotion of creative leadership for artistic, educational and technical achievements within the television industry". Headquartered in New York City, NATAS membership is national and the organization has local chapters around the country. It was also known as the National Television Academy until 2007.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: was she married to anybody?

Context: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Context: what is the former's profession?

Context: Art director and production designer.

Context: which country is he from?

Context: Canada

Context: did he win any awards?

Context: Yes, Daytime Emmy Award.

Context: Programming and Acting.

Context: by whom is this award given?

Context: what was the purpose behind setting up of this academy?

Context: "the advancement of the arts and sciences of television and the promotion of creative leadership for artistic, educational and technical achievements within the television industry".

Question: in which place is it located?

Answer: New York City

National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences

Explanation: Headquartered in New York City, NATAS membership is national and the organization has local chapters around the country.


Context: what is deep throat?

Context: who were casted in the series?

Context: where was the last one born?

Context: Chicago, Illinois.

Context: did he receive any awards?

Context: was he involved in any charity?

Context: Yes, she supports The Trevor Project.

Context: was she married to anybody?

Context: Yes, Clyde Klotz and Julian Ozanne.

Context: what is the former's profession?

Context: Art director and production designer.

Context: which country is he from?

Context: Canada

Context: did he win any awards?

Context: Yes, Daytime Emmy Award.

Context: Programming and Acting.

Context: by whom is this award given?

Context: in which place is it located?

Context: New York City

Question: where does this place get its name from?

Answer: In honor of the Duke of York.

New York City [SEP] Etymology

In 1664, the city was named in honor of the Duke of York, who would become King James II of England. James's older brother, King Charles II, appointed the Duke proprietor of the former territory of New Netherland, including the city of New Amsterdam, when England seized it from the Dutch.


Question: who sings im only happy when it rains

Answer: Shirley Manson

Only Happy When It Rains [SEP] Composition and recording

The mix was noted for Manson's voice being at the same volume as the instruments; in mainstream pop, the lead vocal is usually louder than the instruments. The song is in the key of G# minor, the time signature of 4/4, and at a tempo of 120 beats per minute. Its chord progressions are G#m–F#–E–C#m–E–F# in the verses and C#-F#-A-B in the chorus. Marker explained the song's bleak lyrics as a mockery of the angsty "wearing your heart on your sleeve thing" prevalent in mid-1990s alternative rock songs, as well as a self-deprecating reference to Garbage's own dark lyrics. Manson explained that the song was "a dig at ourselves because we like records that don't make us feel very happy, and at this so-called 'alternative' scene of 'we're so weird and more wonderful than everybody else'".


Context:
who sings im only happy when it rains
Shirley Manson

Question: does the singer belong to any band?

Answer: Yes

"Only Happy When It Rains" was written and recorded between March 1994 and May 1995. It was written in sessions with band members Duke Erikson, Shirley Manson, Steve Marker and Butch Vig in Marker's basement recording studio, and recorded at Smart Studios in Madison, Wisconsin. Bass on "Only Happy When It Rains" was played by Mike Kashou, and additional percussion by Pauli Ryan. In the latter stages of the album's recording, Garbage mixed "Only Happy When It Rains" twice before it was sent for mastering. At the last minute, Vig decided to make the guitar tracks louder; he later claimed the song still didn't sound the way he heard it in his head.


Context:
who sings im only happy when it rains
Shirley Manson
does the singer belong to any band?
Yes

Question: can you name it?

Answer: Garbage

Only Happy When It Rains [SEP] Introduction

"Only Happy When It Rains" is an alternative rock song written and produced by alternative rock band Garbage for their self-titled debut studio album (1995). The song was recorded at the band's own recording studio, Smart Studios, in Madison, Wisconsin, and became known for its tongue-in-cheek lyrics parodying the typically angst-filled themes of mid-nineties alternative rock genre. Replacing "Queer" at the last-minute as the lead-in single for the debut album, "Only Happy When It Rains" was the band's breakthrough track in the United Kingdom, receiving positive reviews from the music press and strong support from BBC Radio One. In the United States, the single built upon the success of "Queer" at alternative radio and in early 1996 charted strongly on the Hot 100.


Context:
who sings im only happy when it rains
Shirley Manson
does the singer belong to any band?
Yes
can you name it?
Garbage

Question: has the singer been into acting?

Answer: Yes, cast by by series creator Josh Friedman

Shirley Manson [SEP] Acting

Manson was cast in "" in May 2008, after being asked to appear by series creator Josh Friedman and enduring a multiple audition process, beating out other actresses including Julie Ann Emery. She debuted in the season two premiere episode "" as Catherine Weaver, CEO of a technology company, ZeiraCorp. At the conclusion of the episode, Weaver is revealed to be a liquid-metal T-1001 Terminator. Manson also performed and co-arranged a rock and blues version of the gospel song "Samson and Delilah" for the episode's score. Manson cites actress Glenn Close and former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher as her acting influences for the ambiguous character.


Context: who sings im only happy when it rains

Context: Shirley Manson

Context: does the singer belong to any band?

Context: Yes

Context: can you name it?

Context: Garbage

Context: has the singer been into acting?

Context: Yes, cast by by series creator Josh Friedman

Question: how distinct is her voice?

Answer: She possesses a contralto vocal range

Shirley Manson [SEP] Voice

Manson possesses a contralto vocal range, which has been noted for its distinctive qualities as well as her emotive delivery. Elysa Gardner of the "Los Angeles Times" stated "one of Garbage's most compelling features is a force of nature: Manson's vocals, which can convey a multitude of emotions without ever coming across as melodramatic". Reviewing a live Garbage performance, Jon Pareles of "The New York Times" commented, "Temptress, lover, sufferer, scrapper – those have been Ms. Manson's personae since Garbage started in 1995. In other eras she might have been a pop torch singer, a soul belter or a new-wave frontwoman: a Shirley Bassey, a Dusty Springfield, or a Chrissie Hynde.


Context: who sings im only happy when it rains

Context: Shirley Manson

Context: does the singer belong to any band?

Context: Yes

Context: can you name it?

Context: Garbage

Context: has the singer been into acting?

Context: how distinct is her voice?

Context: She possesses a contralto vocal range

Question: what does the term referring to vocal range mean?

Answer: Type of classical female singing voice wwhose vocal range is the lowest female voice type.

Contralto [SEP] Introduction

A contralto () is a type of classical female singing voice whose vocal range is the lowest female voice type. The contralto's vocal range is fairly rare; similar to the mezzo-soprano, and almost identical to that of a countertenor, typically between the F below middle C (F in scientific pitch notation) to the second F above middle C (F), although, at the extremes, some voices can reach the D below middle C (D) or the second B above middle C (B). The contralto voice type is generally divided into the coloratura, lyric, and dramatic contralto.


Context: who sings im only happy when it rains

Context: Shirley Manson

Context: does the singer belong to any band?

Context: Yes

Context: can you name it?

Context: Garbage

Context: has the singer been into acting?

Context: how distinct is her voice?

Context: She possesses a contralto vocal range

Context: what does the term referring to vocal range mean?

Context: Type of classical female singing voice wwhose vocal range is the lowest female voice type.

Question: would those with this style perform in opera?

Answer: Yes, it is rare; indicates a role that may also be sung by a mezzo-soprano.

Contralto [SEP] Subtypes and roles in opera

Contraltos may also be cast in roles originally written for castrati. A common saying among contraltos is that they may play only "witches, bitches, or ." Examples of contralto roles in the standard operatic repertoire include the following: indicates a role that may also be sung by a mezzo-soprano.