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Context: Indian Space Research Organisation

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Question: what is shukrayaan 1?

Answer: It is a mission to Venus assessed by ISRO that could launch as early as 2023 to study its atmosphere.

Indian Space Research Organisation [SEP] Shukrayaan 1

ISRO is assessing an orbiter mission to Venus called "Shukrayaan-1", that could launch as early as 2023 to study its atmosphere. Some budget has been allocated to perform preliminary studies as part of 2017–18 Indian budget under Space Sciences, and solicitations for potential instruments were requested in 2017 and in 2018. Mission to Venus is scheduled for 2025 that will include a payload instrument called Venus Infrared Atmospheric Gases Linker (VIRAL) which is co-developed with Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux, observations spatiales (LATMOS) under French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) and Roscosmos.


Context: how many satellites launched by isro in one rocket recently

Context: PSLV-C37 successfully carried and deployed a record 104 satellites in sun-synchronous orbits.

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Context: It was the 39th mission of the Indian Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle program and its 16th mission in the XL configuration.

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Context: The rocket launched Cartosat-2D and 103 nanosatellites. Arrangements for the launch of the 104 satellites were made between ISRO's commercial arm Antrix Corporation Limited. The two Indian nanosatellites carried two payloads from ISRO's Space Applications Centre and the Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems. INS-1A carried a Surface Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function Radiometer and a Single Event Upset Monitor.

Context: which organization launched the above satellite ?

Context: Indian Space Research Organisation

Context: when was it formed ?

Context: who founded it ?

Context: It was established by Jawaharlal Nehru under the Department of Atomic Energy, with the urging of scientist Vikram Sarabhai.

Context: where there any scams associated with it ?

Context: Yes, in 2009, some ISRO insiders exposed information about the Devas-Antrix deal, and the ensuing investigations resulted in the deal being annulled. G. Madhavan Nair, the ISRO Chairperson when the agreement was signed, was barred from holding any post under the Department of Space.

Context: name some of its space stations ?

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Context: what is shukrayaan 1?

Context: It is a mission to Venus assessed by ISRO that could launch as early as 2023 to study its atmosphere.

Question: what is mangalyaan 2 ?

Answer: It is next Mars mission to be launched in 2024. It will have a less elliptical orbit around Mars and could weigh seven times more than the first mission. This orbiter mission will facilitate the community to address several open science problems.

Indian Space Research Organisation [SEP] Mangalyaan 2

The next Mars mission, Mars Orbiter Mission 2, also called "Mangalyaan 2" (Sanskrit: मंगलयान-२), will be launched in 2024. It will have a less elliptical orbit around Mars and could weigh seven times more than the first mission. This orbiter mission will facilitate the community to address several open science problems. The science payload of the planned satellite is estimated at no more than .


Question: who did not get on the plane the day the music died

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

The Day the Music Died [SEP] Introduction

On February 3, 1959, American rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and "The Big Bopper" J. P. Richardson were killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa, together with pilot Roger Peterson. The event later became known as "The Day the Music Died", after singer-songwriter Don McLean referred to it as such in his 1971 song "American Pie". At the time, Holly and his band, consisting of Waylon Jennings, Tommy Allsup, and Carl Bunch, were playing on the "Winter Dance Party" tour across the Midwest. Rising artists Valens, Richardson, and Dion and the Belmonts had joined the tour as well.


Context: who did not get on the plane the day the music died

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Question: what is it about?

Answer: American rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and "The Big Bopper" J. P. Richardson were killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa, together with pilot Roger Peterson

Explanation: , American rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and "The Big Bopper" J. P. Richardson were killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa, together with pilot Roger Peterson.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it about?

Question: when did it happen?

Answer: February 3, 1959

Explanation: On February 3, 1959, American rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and "The Big Bopper" J. P. Richardson were killed in a plane crash near Clear Lake, Iowa, together with pilot Roger Peterson.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it about?

Context: when did it happen?

Context: February 3, 1959

Question: who was the first musician mentioned?

Answer: Charles Hardin Holley,  known professionally as Buddy Holly, was an American musician and singer-songwriter who was a central and pioneering figure of mid-1950s rock and roll

Explanation: Charles Hardin Holley (September 7, 1936 – February 3, 1959), known professionally as Buddy Holly, was an American musician and singer-songwriter who was a central and pioneering figure of mid-1950s rock and roll.

Buddy Holly [SEP] Introduction

Petty became the band's manager and sent the demo to Brunswick Records, which released it as a single credited to "The Crickets", which became the name of Holly's band. In September 1957, as the band toured, "That'll Be the Day" topped the US and UK singles charts. Its success was followed in October by another major hit, "Peggy Sue".


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Context: February 3, 1959

Context: who was the first musician mentioned?

Context: Charles Hardin Holley,  known professionally as Buddy Holly, was an American musician and singer-songwriter who was a central and pioneering figure of mid-1950s rock and roll

Question: what musical style did he follow?

Answer: His singing style was characterized by his vocal hiccups and his alternation between his regular voice and falsetto

Buddy Holly [SEP] Image and style

Holly's singing style was characterized by his vocal hiccups and his alternation between his regular voice and falsetto. His "stuttering vocals" were complemented by his percussive guitar playing, solos, stops, bent notes, and rhythm and blues chord progressions. He often strummed downstrokes that were accompanied by Allison's "driving" percussion. Holly bought his first Fender Stratocaster, which became his signature guitar, at Harrod Music in Lubbock for US$249.50. Fender Stratocasters were popular with country musicians; Holly chose it for its loud sound. His "innovative" playing style was characterized by its blending of "chunky rhythm" and "high string lead work". He played his first Stratocaster, a 1954 model, until it was stolen during a tour stop in Michigan in 1957.


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Context: February 3, 1959

Context: who was the first musician mentioned?

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Context: His singing style was characterized by his vocal hiccups and his alternation between his regular voice and falsetto

Question: which was his debut album?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Buddy Holly [SEP] The Crickets (1956–1957)

Holly was unhappy with the results of his time with Decca; he was inspired by the success of Buddy Knox's "Party Doll" and Jimmy Bowen's "I'm Stickin' with You", and visited Norman Petty, who had produced and promoted both records. Together with Allison, bassist Joe B. Mauldin, and rhythm guitarist Niki Sullivan, he went to Petty's studio in Clovis, New Mexico. The group recorded a demo of "That'll Be the Day", a song they had previously recorded in Nashville. Now playing lead guitar, Holly achieved the sound he desired. Petty became his manager and sent the record to Brunswick Records in New York City.


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Context: February 3, 1959

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Question: can you name a few of his works?

Answer: "That'll Be the Day", "It's So Easy, "Heartbeat", "Rave On"

Explanation:
On January 8, 1958, Holly and the Crickets joined "America's Greatest Teenage Recording Stars" tour. On January 25, Holly recorded "Rave On"; the next day, he made his second appearance on "The Ed Sullivan Show", singing "Oh, Boy!" He departed to perform in Honolulu, Hawaii, on January 27, and then started a week-long tour of Australia billed as the "Big Show" with Paul Anka, Jerry Lee Lewis and Jodie Sands . In March, the band toured the United Kingdom, playing 50 shows in 25 days. The same month, his debut solo album, "Buddy Holly", was released. Upon their return to the United States, Holly and the Crickets joined Alan Freed's "Big Beat Show" tour for 41 dates. In April, Decca released "That'll Be the Day", featuring the songs recorded with Bradley during his early Nashville sessions.

A new recording session in Clovis was arranged in May; Holly hired Tommy Allsup to play lead guitar. The session produced the recordings of "It's So Easy" and "Heartbeat". Holly was impressed by Allsu

Buddy Holly [SEP] International tours and breakaway (1958)


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Context: can you name a few of his works?

Context: "That'll Be the Day", "It's So Easy, "Heartbeat", "Rave On"

Question: is the first one a song?

Answer: Yes,  written by Buddy Holly and Jerry Allison

That'll Be the Day [SEP] Introduction

"That'll Be the Day" is a song written by Buddy Holly and Jerry Allison. It was first recorded by Buddy Holly and the Three Tunes in 1956 and was re-recorded in 1957 by Holly and his new band, the Crickets. The 1957 recording achieved widespread success. Holly's producer, Norman Petty, was credited as a co-writer, although he did not contribute to the composition. Many other versions have been recorded. It was the first song recorded (as a demonstration disc) by The Quarrymen, a skiffle group from Liverpool that evolved into The Beatles. The 1957 recording was certified gold (for over a million US sales) by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 1969.


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Context: can you name a few of his works?

Context: is the first one a song?

Context: Yes,  written by Buddy Holly and Jerry Allison

Question: is there any other version of the song released?

Answer: Yes, the second recording of the song was made on February 25, 1957, seven months after the first, at the Norman Petty studios in Clovis, New Mexico

That'll Be the Day [SEP] The Crickets' version

The second recording of the song was made on February 25, 1957, seven months after the first, at the Norman Petty studios in Clovis, New Mexico, and issued by Brunswick on May 27, 1957. This version is on the debut album by the Crickets, "The "Chirping" Crickets", issued on November 27, 1957. The recording was made with everyone performing and without additional overdubs. The Brunswick recording of "That'll Be the Day" is considered a classic of rock and roll. It was ranked number 39 on Rolling Stone's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".


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Context: is the first one a song?

Context: is there any other version of the song released?

Context: Yes, the second recording of the song was made on February 25, 1957, seven months after the first, at the Norman Petty studios in Clovis, New Mexico

Question: did it perform well on the charts?

Answer: Yes, it was  a number-one hit on "Billboard" magazine's Best Sellers in Stores chart in 1957, the song peaked at number 1 in the UK Singles Chart and stayed for three weeks

Explanation:
The Brunswick single was a number-one hit on "Billboard" magazine's Best Sellers in Stores chart in 1957. It went to number two on "Billboard"'s R&B singles chart. The song peaked at number 1 in the UK Singles Chart in November 1957 and stayed in that position for three weeks.

On December 20, 1969, a reissue of the single by Coral Records was awarded a "gold single" by the RIAA.

On September 20, 1986, the song appeared on the UK Singles Chart at number 85 and left the chart a week later.

That'll Be the Day [SEP] Charts and certification


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Context: did it perform well on the charts?

Context: Yes, it was  a number-one hit on "Billboard" magazine's Best Sellers in Stores chart in 1957, the song peaked at number 1 in the UK Singles Chart and stayed for three weeks

Question: was he associated with any film?

Answer: Holly's life story inspired a Hollywood biographical film, "The Buddy Holly Story" ,  musician Marshall Crenshaw portrayed Buddy Holly in the movie "La Bamba"

Explanation:
Holly's life story inspired a Hollywood biographical film, "The Buddy Holly Story" (1978); its lead actor Gary Busey received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Holly. The film was widely criticized by the rock press, and by Holly's friends and family, for its inaccuracies. This led Paul McCartney (whose MPL Communications by then controlled the publishing rights to Buddy Holly's song catalog) to produce and host his own documentary about Holly in 1985, titled "The Real Buddy Holly Story". This video includes interviews with Keith Richards, Phil and Don Everly, Sonny Curtis, Jerry Allison, Holly's family, and McCartney, among others.

In 1987, musician Marshall Crenshaw portrayed Buddy Holly in the movie "La Bamba", which depicts him performing at the Surf Ballroom and boarding the fatal airplane with Ritchie Valens and the Big Bopper. Crenshaw's version of "Crying, Waiting, Hoping" is featured on the "La Bamba" original motion picture soundtrack.

"

Buddy Holly [SEP] Film and musical depictions


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Context: Holly's life story inspired a Hollywood biographical film, "The Buddy Holly Story" ,  musician Marshall Crenshaw portrayed Buddy Holly in the movie "La Bamba"

Question: when was the first movie mentioned released?

Answer: 1978

The Buddy Holly Story [SEP] Introduction

The Buddy Holly Story is a 1978 American biographical film which tells the life story of rock musician Buddy Holly. It features an Academy Award-winning musical score, adapted by Joe Renzetti and Oscar-nominated lead performance by Gary Busey. The film also stars Don Stroud, Charles Martin Smith, Conrad Janis, William Jordan, and Maria Richwine, who played Maria Elena Holly. It was adapted by Robert Gittler from "Buddy Holly: His Life and Music", the biography of Holly by John Goldrosen, and was directed by Steve Rash.


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Context: when was the first movie mentioned released?

Question: what was it's storyline?

Answer: A film about Holly's life, biographical film

Explanation:
Buddy Holly, a teenager from Lubbock, Texas, emerges into the world of rock and roll with friends and bandmates, drummer Jesse Charles and bass player Ray Bob Simmons, forming a trio known as The Crickets.

The band's first break comes when it is invited to Nashville, Tennessee to make a recording, but Buddy's rock and roll vision soon clashes with the producers' rigid country music based ideas of how the music should sound and he walks out. Eventually, he finds a more flexible producer, Ross Turner, who, after accidentally publishing their demo to public acclaim, very reluctantly allows Buddy and the Crickets to make music the way they want.

Turner's secretary, Maria Elena Santiago, quickly catches Buddy's eye. Their budding romance nearly ends before it can begin because her aunt initially refuses to let her date him, but Buddy persuades the aunt to change her mind. On their very first date, Maria accepts his marriage proposal and they are soon wed.

The Buddy Holly Story [SEP] Plot


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Context: did it perform well on the charts?

Context: was he associated with any film?

Context: what was it's storyline?

Context: A film about Holly's life, biographical film

Question: did it win any award?

Answer: Yes, the film won the Academy Award for Best Adaptation Score

Explanation: The film won the Academy Award for Best Adaptation Score by Joe Renzetti. Busey was nominated for Best Actor in a Leading Role, and Tex Rudloff, Joel Fein, Curly Thirlwell and Willie D. Burton for Best Sound.

The Buddy Holly Story [SEP] Awards


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Context: what was it's storyline?

Context: did it win any award?

Context: Yes, the film won the Academy Award for Best Adaptation Score

Question: who all have acted in it?

Answer: Gary Busey, Don Stroud, Charles Martin Smith, Conrad Janis, William Jordan, and Maria Richwine

Explanation:
 It features an Academy Award-winning musical score, adapted by Joe Renzetti and Oscar-nominated lead performance by Gary Busey.

The film also stars Don Stroud, Charles Martin Smith, Conrad Janis, William Jordan, and Maria Richwine, who played Maria Elena Ho


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Context: who all have acted in it?

Context: Gary Busey, Don Stroud, Charles Martin Smith, Conrad Janis, William Jordan, and Maria Richwine

Question: where is the second actor from?

Answer: America

Don Stroud [SEP] Introduction

Donald Lee Stroud (born September 1, 1943) is an American actor, musician, and surfer. Stroud appeared in many films in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, and starred in over 100 films and 175 television shows to date.


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Context: who all have acted in it?

Context: where is the second actor from?

Context: America

Question: were there any statue or structure made in memory of those who got killed in the plane crash?

Answer: Yes, a tall granite memorial bearing the names of Peterson and the three entertainers was dedicated outside the Surf Ballroom

Explanation: n June 1988, a tall granite memorial bearing the names of Peterson and the three entertainers was dedicated outside the Surf Ballroom with Peterson's widow, parents, and sister in attendance; the event marked the first time that the families of Holly, Richardson, Valens, and Peterson had gathered together.

The Day the Music Died [SEP] Monuments

At that intersection, a large plasma-cut steel set of Wayfarer-style glasses, similar to those Holly wore, marks the access point to the crash site. Paquette also created a similar stainless-steel monument to the three musicians located outside the Riverside Ballroom in Green Bay, Wisconsin, where Holly, Richardson, and Valens played their penultimate show on February 1. This second memorial was unveiled on July 17, 2003. In February 2009, a further memorial made by Paquette for Peterson was unveiled at the crash site.


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Context: where is the second actor from?

Context: America

Context: were there any statue or structure made in memory of those who got killed in the plane crash?

Context: Yes, a tall granite memorial bearing the names of Peterson and the three entertainers was dedicated outside the Surf Ballroom

Question: was any investigation carried forward on this incident?

Answer: Yes, the official investigation was carried out by the Civil Aeronautics Board

The Day the Music Died [SEP] Official investigation

The official investigation was carried out by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB, precursor to the NTSB). It emerged that Peterson had over four years of flying experience, of which one was with Dwyer Flying Service, and had accumulated 711 flying hours, of which 128 were on Bonanzas. He had also logged 52 hours of instrument flight training, although he had passed only his written examination, and was not yet qualified to operate in weather that required flying solely by reference to instruments. He and Dwyer Flying Service itself were certified to operate only under visual flight rules, which essentially require that the pilot must be able to see where he is going.


Question: what is gravity bone?

Answer: A freeware adventure game

Gravity Bone [SEP] Introduction

Gravity Bone is a 2008 freeware adventure game developed and published by Blendo Games. The game employs a modified version of id Software's id Tech 2 engine—originally used for "Quake 2"—and incorporates music from films by director Wong Kar-wai, which were originally performed by Xavier Cugat. Four incarnations of the game were produced during its one-year development; the first featured more common first-person shooter elements than the released version. Subsequent versions shifted in a new direction, with the inclusion of more spy-oriented gameplay. The game was released for Microsoft Windows in August 2008. "Gravity Bone" received critical acclaim from video game journalists.


Context:
what is gravity bone?
A freeware adventure game

Question: who developed it?

Answer: Blendo Games.

Explanation: developed and published by Blendo Games.

Gravity Bone [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is gravity bone?
A freeware adventure game
who developed it?
Blendo Games.

Question: for which platform was it made?

Answer: The game was released for Microsoft Windows.

Explanation: The game was released for Microsoft Windows in August 2008.

Gravity Bone [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

Context: for which platform was it made?

Context: The game was released for Microsoft Windows.

Question: was any sequel of the game made?

Answer: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Gravity Bone [SEP] Sequel

A sequel to "Gravity Bone", "Thirty Flights of Loving", was announced as a reward for contributing to the Idle Thumbs podcast revival Kickstarter. The game was released to Kickstarter backers in July 2012, and later offered as a purchasable title on Steam, which included "Gravity Bone" as an additional feature. The game, though not a direct sequel in story to "Gravity Bone", follows the main character in a heist with two other characters that goes very wrong. The title was critically acclaimed by reviewers, who called the very short but non-linear storytelling of "Thirty Flights" a novel use of the video game medium.


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

Context: for which platform was it made?

Context: was any sequel of the game made?

Context: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Question: who founded the platform we discussed?

Answer: Microsoft

Microsoft Windows [SEP] Introduction

Microsoft Windows, commonly referred to as Windows, is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families, all of which are developed and marketed by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry. Active Microsoft Windows families include Windows NT and Windows IoT; these may encompass subfamilies, e.g. Windows Server or Windows Embedded Compact (Windows CE). Defunct Microsoft Windows families include Windows 9x, Windows Mobile and Windows Phone. Microsoft introduced an operating environment named "Windows" on November 20, 1985, as a graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs).


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

Context: for which platform was it made?

Context: was any sequel of the game made?

Context: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Context: who founded the platform we discussed?

Context: Microsoft

Question: which were the early versions of it?

Answer: Windows 1.0, Windows 2.0, Windows 2.1 was released in two different versions: Windows/286 and Windows/386.

Explanation:
Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows. Instead all windows are tiled. Only modal dialog boxes may appear over other windows. Microsoft sold as included Windows Development libraries with the C development environment, which included numerous windows samples.

Windows 2.0 was released in December 1987, and was more popular than its predecessor. It features several improvements to the user interface and memory management. Windows 2.03 changed the OS from tiled windows to overlapping windows. The result of this change led to Apple Computer filing a suit against Microsoft alleging infringement on Apple's copyrights. Windows 2.0 also introduced more sophisticated keyboard shortcuts and could make use of expanded memory.

Windows 2.1 was released in two different versions: Windows/286 and Windows/386. Windows/386 uses the virtual 8086 mode o

Microsoft Windows [SEP] Early versions

The history of Windows dates back to 1981 when Microsoft started work on a program called "Interface Manager". It was announced in November 1983 (after the Apple Lisa, but before the Macintosh) under the name "Windows", but Windows 1.0 was not released until November 1985. Windows 1.0 was to compete with Apple's operating system, but achieved little popularity. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it extends MS-DOS. The shell of Windows 1.0 is a program known as the MS-DOS Executive. Components included Calculator, Calendar, Cardfile, Clipboard Viewer, Clock, Control Panel, Notepad, Paint, Reversi, Terminal and Write. Windows 1.0 does not allow overlapping windows.


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

Context: for which platform was it made?

Context: was any sequel of the game made?

Context: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Context: who founded the platform we discussed?

Context: Microsoft

Context: which were the early versions of it?

Context: Windows 1.0, Windows 2.0, Windows 2.1 was released in two different versions: Windows/286 and Windows/386.

Question: which is the latest version?

Answer: Windows 10

Microsoft Windows [SEP] Windows 10

On September 30, 2014, Microsoft announced Windows 10 as the successor to Windows 8.1. It was released on July 29, 2015, and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. Changes on PC include the return of the Start Menu, a virtual desktop system, and the ability to run Windows Store apps within windows on the desktop rather than in full-screen mode. Windows 10 is said to be available to update from qualified Windows 7 with SP1, Windows 8.1 and Windows Phone 8.1 devices from the Get Windows 10 Application (for Windows 7, Windows 8.1) or Windows Update (Windows 7).


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

Context: for which platform was it made?

Context: was any sequel of the game made?

Context: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Context: who founded the platform we discussed?

Context: Microsoft

Context: which were the early versions of it?

Context: which is the latest version?

Context: Windows 10

Question: who owns the company that founded the platform?

Answer: The company is run by a board of directors made up of mostly company outsiders, as is customary for publicly traded companies.

Microsoft [SEP] Board of directors

The company is run by a board of directors made up of mostly company outsiders, as is customary for publicly traded companies. Members of the board of directors as of July 2020 are Satya Nadella, Reid Hoffman, Hugh Johnston, Teri List-Stoll, Sandi Peterson, Penny Pritzker, Charles Scharf, Arne Sorenson, John W. Stanton, John W. Thompson, Emma Walmsley and Padmasree Warrior. Board members are elected every year at the annual shareholders' meeting using a majority vote system. There are four committees within the board which oversee more specific matters. These committees include the Audit Committee, which handles accounting issues with the company including auditing and reporting; the Compensation Committee, which approves compensation for the CEO and other employees of the company; the Governance and Nominating Committee, which handles various corporate matters including nomination of the board; and the Regulatory and Public Policy Committee, which includes legal/antitrust matters, along with privacy, trade, digital safety, artificial intelligence, and environmental sustainability.


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

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Context: was any sequel of the game made?

Context: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Context: who founded the platform we discussed?

Context: Microsoft

Context: which were the early versions of it?

Context: which is the latest version?

Context: Windows 10

Context: who owns the company that founded the platform?

Context: The company is run by a board of directors made up of mostly company outsiders, as is customary for publicly traded companies.

Question: where is it headquartered?

Answer: Redmond, Washington

Explanation: headquarters in Redmond, Washington.

Microsoft [SEP] Introduction

Microsoft Corporation ( ) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington. It develops, manufactures, licenses, supports, and sells computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services. Its best known software products are the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, the Microsoft Office suite, and the Internet Explorer and Edge web browsers. Its flagship hardware products are the Xbox video game consoles and the Microsoft Surface lineup of touchscreen personal computers. Microsoft ranked No. 21 in the 2020 Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue; it was the world's largest software maker by revenue as of 2016 and is considered one of the domestic Big Five technology companies.


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

Context: for which platform was it made?

Context: was any sequel of the game made?

Context: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Context: who founded the platform we discussed?

Context: Microsoft

Context: which were the early versions of it?

Context: which is the latest version?

Context: Windows 10

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Redmond, Washington

Question: what sort of climate does this place have?

Answer: Mild climate

Redmond, Washington [SEP] Climate

Redmond, like most of the Pacific Northwest, has a mild climate for its latitude, but still gets all four seasons. Summers tend to be warm and dry, with low rainfall and sunny or partly sunny from June to September. Winters tend to be cool and wet, with November being the rainiest month. Snowfall is uncommon, with the most common cold air being in a form of a high pressure system, driving out the rains from the area. However, snowfall is not as rare as in other cities like Seattle near the moderating effects of Puget Sound. The average warmest month is August.


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

Context: for which platform was it made?

Context: was any sequel of the game made?

Context: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Context: who founded the platform we discussed?

Context: Microsoft

Context: which were the early versions of it?

Context: which is the latest version?

Context: Windows 10

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Redmond, Washington

Context: what sort of climate does this place have?

Context: Mild climate

Question: list a few famous employers from the region?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Redmond, Washington [SEP] Climate


Context: what is gravity bone?

Context: A freeware adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Blendo Games.

Context: for which platform was it made?

Context: was any sequel of the game made?

Context: Yes, Thirty Flights of Loving

Context: who founded the platform we discussed?

Context: Microsoft

Context: which were the early versions of it?

Context: which is the latest version?

Context: Windows 10

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Redmond, Washington

Context: Mild climate

Context: list a few famous employers from the region?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the population here?

Answer: An estimation of 71,929 in 2019

Redmond, Washington [SEP] Introduction

Redmond is a city in King County, Washington, United States, located east of Seattle. The population was 54,144 at the 2010 census and an estimated 71,929 in 2019. Redmond is commonly recognized as the home of Microsoft and Nintendo of America. With an annual bike race on city streets and the state's only velodrome, Redmond is also known as the "Bicycle Capital of the Northwest".


Question: how long ago did the dire wolf live

Answer: Approximately 125,000 – 9,500 years ago.

Dire wolf [SEP] Introduction

The dire wolf ("Canis dirus", "fearsome dog") is an extinct species of the genus "Canis". It is one of the most famous prehistoric carnivores in North America, along with its extinct competitor, the sabre-toothed cat "Smilodon fatalis". The dire wolf lived in the Americas and China during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene epochs (125,000–9,500 years ago). The species was named in 1858, four years after the first specimen had been found. Two subspecies are recognized: "Canis dirus guildayi" and "Canis dirus dirus". The dire wolf probably evolved from Armbruster's wolf ("Canis armbrusteri") in North America. The largest collection of its fossils has been obtained from the Rancho La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles.


Context: how long ago did the dire wolf live

Context: Approximately 125,000 – 9,500 years ago.

Question: is it extinct now?

Answer: Yes.

Explanation: One study proposes that several extinction models should be investigated because so little is known about the biogeography of the dire wolf and its potential competitors and prey, nor how all these species interacted and responded to the environmental changes that occurred at the time of extinction.

Dire wolf [SEP] Extinction

Ancient DNA and radiocarbon data indicates that local genetic populations were replaced by others within the same species or by others within the same genus. Both the dire wolf and the Beringian wolf went extinct in North America, leaving only the less carnivorous and more gracile form of the wolf to thrive, which may have outcompeted the dire wolf. Dire wolf remains having the youngest geological ages are dated at 9,440YBP at Brynjulfson Cave, Boone County, Missouri, 9,860YBP at Rancho La Brea, California, and 10,690YBP at La Mirada, California. Dire wolf remains have been radiocarbon dated to 8,200YBP from Whitewater Draw in Arizona, However, one author has stated that radiocarbon dating of bone carbonate is known to be unreliable, and that while many dire wolf remains are found in fossil assemblages dated to the terminal Pleistocene, there are no confirmed Holocene finds.


Context: how long ago did the dire wolf live

Context: is it extinct now?

Context: Yes.

Question: what was its diet?

Answer: They were carnivores, and preyed on "yesterday's camel", the Pleistocene bison, the "dwarf" pronghorn etc.

Dire wolf [SEP] Prey

An isotope analysis of bone collagen extracted from LaBrea specimens provides evidence that the dire wolf, "Smilodon", and the American lion ("Panthera leo atrox") competed for the same prey. Their prey included "yesterday's camel" ("Camelops hesternus"), the Pleistocene bison ("Bison antiquus"), the "dwarf" pronghorn ("Capromeryx minor"), the western horse ("Equus occidentalis"), and the "grazing" ground sloth ("Paramylodon harlani") native to North American grasslands. The Columbian mammoth ("Mammuthus columbi") and the American mastodon ("Mammut americanum") were rare at LaBrea. The horses remained mixed feeders and the pronghorns mixed browsers, but at the Last Glacial Maximum and its associated shift in vegetation the camels and bison were forced to rely more heavily on conifers.


Context: how long ago did the dire wolf live

Context: is it extinct now?

Context: Yes.

Context: what was its diet?

Context: They were carnivores, and preyed on "yesterday's camel", the Pleistocene bison, the "dwarf" pronghorn etc.

Question: how were they affected by climatic conditions?

Answer: Their body size decreased between the start of the Last Glacial Maximum and near its ending at the warm Allerød oscillation, indicating food stress which was caused by increasing temperature and aridity.

Explanation: Dire wolf body size had decreased between the start of the Last Glacial Maximum and near its ending at the warm Allerød oscillation. Evidence of food stress (food scarcity leading to lower nutrient intake) is seen in smaller body size, skulls with a larger cranial base and shorter snout (shape neoteny and size neoteny), and more tooth breakage and wear. Dire wolves dated 17,900YBP showed all of these features, which indicates food stress. Dire wolves dated 28,000YBP also showed to a degree many of these features but were the largest wolves studied, and it was proposed that these wolves were also suffering from food stress and that wolves earlier than this date were even bigger in size. Nutrient stress is likely to lead to stronger bite forces to more fully consume carcasses and to crack bones, and with changes to skull shape to improve mechanical advantage. North American climate records reveal cyclic fluctuations during the glacial period that included rapid warming followed by gradua

Dire wolf [SEP] Climate impact

Past studies proposed that changes in dire wolf body size correlated with climate fluctuations. A later study compared dire wolf craniodental morphology from four LaBrea pits, each representing four different time periods. The results are evidence of a change in dire wolf size, dental wear and breakage, skull shape, and snout shape across time. Dire wolf body size had decreased between the start of the Last Glacial Maximum and near its ending at the warm Allerød oscillation. Evidence of food stress (food scarcity leading to lower nutrient intake) is seen in smaller body size, skulls with a larger cranial base and shorter snout (shape neoteny and size neoteny), and more tooth breakage and wear.


Context: how long ago did the dire wolf live

Context: is it extinct now?

Context: Yes.

Context: what was its diet?

Context: how were they affected by climatic conditions?

Context: Their body size decreased between the start of the Last Glacial Maximum and near its ending at the warm Allerød oscillation, indicating food stress which was caused by increasing temperature and aridity.

Question: how can that mentioned oscillation be defined?

Answer: It was a warm and moist global interstadial that occurred c.13,900 to 12,900 BP, nearly at the end of the last glacial period.

Allerød oscillation [SEP] Introduction

The Allerød oscillation () was a warm and moist global interstadial that occurred c.13,900 to 12,900 BP, nearly at the end of the last glacial period. It raised temperatures in the northern Atlantic region to almost present-day levels, before they declined again in the succeeding glacial Younger Dryas, which was followed by the present warm Holocene. In some regions, especially in northern Eurasia, there is evidence for a cold period known as the Older Dryas interrupting the interstadial. In such regions the shorter oscillation ending with the Older Dryas is known as the Bølling oscillation, and the Allerød period is the interstadial following the Older Dryas.


Context: how long ago did the dire wolf live

Context: is it extinct now?

Context: Yes.

Context: what was its diet?

Context: how can that mentioned oscillation be defined?

Context: It was a warm and moist global interstadial that occurred c.13,900 to 12,900 BP, nearly at the end of the last glacial period.

Question: what was its effect on the plants?

Answer: Mixed evergreen and deciduous forests prevailed in Eurasia, more deciduous toward the south and grasses were to be found in more open regions.

Explanation: During the Allerød, which foreshadowed the modern climate, mixed evergreen and deciduous forests prevailed in Eurasia, more deciduous toward the south, just as today. Birch, aspen, spruce, pine, larch and juniper were to be found extensively, mixed with oak and hazel. Grasses were to be found in more open regions.

Allerød oscillation [SEP] Flora


Question: which of the following is not generally a factor in wave generation in the open ocean

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Sea [SEP] Introduction

The sea, the world ocean, or simply the ocean is the connected body of salty water that covers over 70% of Earth's surface (), with a total volume of roughly . It moderates Earth's climate and has important roles in the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle. It has been travelled and explored since ancient times, while the scientific study of the sea—oceanography—dates broadly from the voyages of Captain James Cook to explore the Pacific Ocean between 1768 and 1779. The word "sea" is also used to denote smaller, partly landlocked sections of the ocean and certain large, entirely landlocked, saltwater lakes, such as the Caspian Sea and the Dead Sea.


Context: which of the following is not generally a factor in wave generation in the open ocean

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Question: what is the definition of 'sea'?

Answer: The sea, the world ocean, or simply the ocean is the connected body of salty water that covers over 70% of Earth's surface.

Explanation: The sea, the world ocean, or simply the ocean is the connected body of salty water that covers over 70% of Earth's surface (), with a total volume of roughly . It moderates Earth's climate and has important roles in the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle. It has been travelled and explored since ancient times, while the scientific study of the sea—oceanography—dates broadly from the voyages of Captain James Cook to explore the Pacific Ocean between 1768 and 1779. The word "sea" is also used to denote smaller, partly landlocked sections of the ocean and certain large, entirely landlocked, saltwater lakes, such as the Caspian Sea and the Dead Sea.

Sea [SEP] Introduction


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Context: what is the definition of 'sea'?

Context: The sea, the world ocean, or simply the ocean is the connected body of salty water that covers over 70% of Earth's surface.

Question: what is meant by 'seawater'?

Answer: It is water in the sea a characteristic of seawater is that it is salty.

Explanation:
While the constituents of table salt sodium and chloride make up about 85 percent of the solids in solution, there are also other metal ions such as magnesium and calcium, and negative ions including sulphate, carbonate, and bromide. Despite variations in the levels of salinity in different seas, the relative composition of the dissolved salts is stable throughout the world's oceans. Seawater is too saline for humans to drink safely, as the kidneys cannot excrete urine as salty as seawater.
Although the amount of salt in the ocean remains relatively constant within the scale of millions of years, various factors affect the salinity of a body of water. Evaporation and by-product of ice formation (known as "brine rejection") increase salinity, whereas precipitation, sea ice melt, and runoff from land reduce it. The Baltic Sea, for example, has many rivers flowing into it, and thus the sea could be considered as brackish. Meanwhile, the Red Sea is very salty due to its high evaporation

Sea [SEP] Seawater

The water in the sea was thought to come from the Earth's volcanoes, starting 4 billion years ago, released by degassing from molten rock. More recent work suggests much of the Earth's water may come from comets. A characteristic of seawater is that it is salty. Salinity is usually measured in parts per thousand (‰ or per mil), and the open ocean has about solids per litre, a salinity of 35 ‰. The Mediterranean Sea is slightly higher at 38 ‰, while the salinity of the northern Red Sea can reach 41‰. In contrast, some landlocked hypersaline lakes have a much higher salinity, for example the Dead Sea has dissolved solids per litre (300 ‰).


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Context: what is the definition of 'sea'?

Context: what is meant by 'seawater'?

Context: It is water in the sea a characteristic of seawater is that it is salty.

Question: how do waves form?

Answer: Wind blowing over the surface of a body of water forms waves that are perpendicular to the direction of the wind.

Explanation: Wind blowing over the surface of a body of water forms waves that are perpendicular to the direction of the wind. The friction between air and water caused by a gentle breeze on a pond causes ripples to form. A strong blow over the ocean causes larger waves as the moving air pushes against the raised ridges of water. The waves reach their maximum height when the rate at which they are travelling nearly matches the speed of the wind. In open water, when the wind blows continuously as happens in the Southern Hemisphere in the Roaring Forties, long, organised masses of water called swell roll across the ocean. If the wind dies down, the wave formation is reduced, but already-formed waves continue to travel in their original direction until they meet land. The size of the waves depends on the fetch, the distance that the wind has blown over the water and the strength and duration of that wind. When waves meet others coming from different directions, interference between the two can produce

Sea [SEP] Waves


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Context: how do waves form?

Context: Wind blowing over the surface of a body of water forms waves that are perpendicular to the direction of the wind.

Question: and tsunamis?

Answer: It is an unusual form of wave caused by an infrequent powerful event such as an underwater earthquake or landslide, a meteorite impact, a volcanic eruption or a collapse of land into the sea.

Explanation: A tsunami is an unusual form of wave caused by an infrequent powerful event such as an underwater earthquake or landslide, a meteorite impact, a volcanic eruption or a collapse of land into the sea. These events can temporarily lift or lower the surface of the sea in the affected area, usually by a few feet. The potential energy of the displaced seawater is turned into kinetic energy, creating a shallow wave, a tsunami, radiating outwards at a velocity proportional to the square root of the depth of the water and which therefore travels much faster in the open ocean than on a continental shelf. In the deep open sea, tsunamis have wavelengths of around , travel at speeds of over 600 miles per hour (970 km/hr) and usually have a height of less than three feet, so they often pass unnoticed at this stage. In contrast, ocean surface waves caused by winds have wavelengths of a few hundred feet, travel at up to and are up to high.

Sea [SEP] Tsunami


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Context: how do waves form?

Context: and tsunamis?

Context: It is an unusual form of wave caused by an infrequent powerful event such as an underwater earthquake or landslide, a meteorite impact, a volcanic eruption or a collapse of land into the sea.

Question: what affects currents?

Answer: The sea causes friction at the interface between air and sea.

Explanation: Wind blowing over the surface of the sea causes friction at the interface between air and sea. Not only does this cause waves to form but it also makes the surface seawater move in the same direction as the wind. Although winds are variable, in any one place they predominantly blow from a single direction and thus a surface current can be formed. Westerly winds are most frequent in the mid-latitudes while easterlies dominate the tropics. When water moves in this way, other water flows in to fill the gap and a circular movement of surface currents known as a gyre is formed. There are five main gyres in the world's oceans: two in the Pacific, two in the Atlantic and one in the Indian Ocean. Other smaller gyres are found in lesser seas and a single gyre flows around Antarctica. These gyres have followed the same routes for millennia, guided by the topography of the land, the wind direction and the Coriolis effect. The surface currents flow in a clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphe

Sea [SEP] Currents


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Context: and tsunamis?

Context: what affects currents?

Context: The sea causes friction at the interface between air and sea.

Question: what are 'tides'?

Answer: They are the regular rise and fall in water level experienced by seas and oceans in response to the gravitational influences of the Moon and the Sun, and the effects of the Earth's rotation.

Explanation:
Tides are the regular rise and fall in water level experienced by seas and oceans in response to the gravitational influences of the Moon and the Sun, and the effects of the Earth's rotation. During each tidal cycle, at any given place the water rises to a maximum height known as "high tide" before ebbing away again to the minimum "low tide" level. As the water recedes, it uncovers more and more of the foreshore, also known as the intertidal zone. The difference in height between the high tide and low tide is known as the tidal range or tidal amplitude.

Most places experience two high tides each day, occurring at intervals of about 12 hours and 25 minutes. This is half the 24 hours and 50 minute period that it takes for the Earth to make a complete revolution and return the Moon to its previous position relative to an observer. The Moon's mass is some 27 million times smaller than the Sun, but it is 400 times closer to the Earth. Tidal force or tide-raising force decreases rapidly wit

Sea [SEP] Tides


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Context: how do waves form?

Context: and tsunamis?

Context: what affects currents?

Context: what are 'tides'?

Context: They are the regular rise and fall in water level experienced by seas and oceans in response to the gravitational influences of the Moon and the Sun, and the effects of the Earth's rotation.

Question: what is meant by 'ocean basin'?

Answer: The oceanic crust is composed of relatively dense basalt and is some five to ten kilometres (three to six miles) thick.

Explanation: The Earth is composed of a magnetic central core, a mostly liquid mantle and a hard rigid outer shell (or lithosphere), which is composed of the Earth's rocky crust and the deeper mostly solid outer layer of the mantle. On land the crust is known as the continental crust while under the sea it is known as the oceanic crust. The latter is composed of relatively dense basalt and is some five to ten kilometres (three to six miles) thick. The relatively thin lithosphere floats on the weaker and hotter mantle below and is fractured into a number of tectonic plates. In mid-ocean, magma is constantly being thrust through the seabed between adjoining plates to form mid-oceanic ridges and here convection currents within the mantle tend to drive the two plates apart. Parallel to these ridges and nearer the coasts, one oceanic plate may slide beneath another oceanic plate in a process known as subduction. Deep trenches are formed here and the process is accompanied by friction as the plates grind

Sea [SEP] Ocean basins


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Context: what are 'tides'?

Context: what is meant by 'ocean basin'?

Context: The oceanic crust is composed of relatively dense basalt and is some five to ten kilometres (three to six miles) thick.

Question: name some marine habitats?

Answer: Coral reefs, cold water reefs harbour a wide array of species including corals.

Explanation:
Marine habitats can be divided horizontally into coastal and open ocean habitats. Coastal habitats extend from the shoreline to the edge of the continental shelf. Most marine life is found in coastal habitats, even though the shelf area occupies only 7 percent of the total ocean area. Open ocean habitats are found in the deep ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf. Alternatively, marine habitats can be divided vertically into pelagic (open water), demersal (just above the seabed) and benthic (sea bottom) habitats. A third division is by latitude: from polar seas with ice shelves, sea ice and icebergs, to temperate and tropical waters.

Coral reefs, the so-called "rainforests of the sea", occupy less than 0.1 percent of the world's ocean surface, yet their ecosystems include 25 percent of all marine species. The best-known are tropical coral reefs such as Australia's Great Barrier Reef, but cold water reefs harbour a wide array of species including corals (only six of which cont

Sea [SEP] Marine habitats


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Context: name some marine habitats?

Context: Coral reefs, cold water reefs harbour a wide array of species including corals.

Question: which algae is found here?

Answer: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

Explanation: Marine primary producers — plants and microscopic organisms in the plankton — are widespread and very essential for the ecosystem. It has been estimated that half of the world's oxygen is produced by phytoplankton. About 45 percent of the sea's primary production of living material is contributed by diatoms. Much larger algae, commonly known as seaweeds, are important locally; "Sargassum" forms floating drifts, while kelp form seabed forests. Flowering plants in the form of seagrasses grow in "meadows" in sandy shallows, mangroves line the coast in tropical and subtropical regions and salt-tolerant plants thrive in regularly inundated salt marshes. All of these habitats are able to sequester large quantities of carbon and support a biodiverse range of larger and smaller animal life.

Sea [SEP] Algae and plants


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Context: which algae is found here?

Context: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

Question: and plants?

Answer: Plant growth is higher like planktons.

Sea [SEP] Algae and plants

Light is only able to penetrate the top so this is the only part of the sea where plants can grow. The surface layers are often deficient in biologically active nitrogen compounds. The marine nitrogen cycle consists of complex microbial transformations which include the fixation of nitrogen, its assimilation, nitrification, anammox and denitrification. Some of these processes take place in deep water so that where there is an upwelling of cold waters, and also near estuaries where land-sourced nutrients are present, plant growth is higher. This means that the most productive areas, rich in plankton and therefore also in fish, are mainly coastal.


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Context: which algae is found here?

Context: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

Context: and plants?

Context: Plant growth is higher like planktons.

Question: is there a law that governs it?

Answer: Yes,"Freedom of the seas", the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), International Maritime Organization.

Explanation:
"Freedom of the seas" is a principle in international law dating from the seventeenth century. It stresses freedom to navigate the oceans and disapproves of war fought in international waters. Today, this concept is enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the third version of which came into force in 1994. Article 87(1) states: "The high seas are open to all states, whether coastal or land-locked." Article 87(1) (a) to (f) gives a non-exhaustive list of freedoms including navigation, overflight, the laying of submarine cables, building artificial islands, fishing and scientific research. The safety of shipping is regulated by the International Maritime Organization. Its objectives include developing and maintaining a regulatory framework for shipping, maritime safety, environmental concerns, legal matters, technical co-operation and maritime security.

UNCLOS defines various areas of water. "Internal waters" are on the landward side of a baseline and

Sea [SEP] Law


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Context: which algae is found here?

Context: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

Context: and plants?

Context: Plant growth is higher like planktons.

Context: is there a law that governs it?

Context: Yes,"Freedom of the seas", the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), International Maritime Organization.

Question: are there deep sea explorations?

Answer: Yes, discovered about 4,700 new marine species, and made 492 deep sea soundings, 133 bottom dredges, 151 open water trawls and 263 serial water temperature observations.

Explanation: On her journey round the globe, "HMS Challenger" discovered about 4,700 new marine species, and made 492 deep sea soundings, 133 bottom dredges, 151 open water trawls and 263 serial water temperature observations. In the southern Atlantic in 1898/1899, Carl Chun on the "Valdivia" brought many new life forms to the surface from depths of over . The first observations of deep-sea animals in their natural environment were made in 1930 by William Beebe and Otis Barton who descended to in the spherical steel Bathysphere. This was lowered by cable but by 1960 a self-powered submersible, Trieste developed by Jacques Piccard, took Piccard and Don Walsh to the deepest part of the Earth's oceans, the Mariana Trench in the Pacific, reaching a record depth of about , a feat not repeated until 2012 when James Cameron piloted the Deepsea Challenger to similar depths. An atmospheric diving suit can be worn for deep sea operations, with a new world record being set in 2006 when a US Navy diver descend

Sea [SEP] History of oceanography and deep sea exploration

Scientific oceanography began with the voyages of Captain James Cook from 1768 to 1779, describing the Pacific with unprecedented precision from 71 degrees South to 71 degrees North. John Harrison's chronometers supported Cook's accurate navigation and charting on two of these voyages, permanently improving the standard attainable for subsequent work. Other expeditions followed in the nineteenth century, from Russia, France, the Netherlands and the United States as well as Britain. On HMS "Beagle", which provided Charles Darwin with ideas and materials for his 1859 book "On the Origin of Species", the ship's captain, Robert FitzRoy, charted the seas and coasts and published his four-volume report of the ship's three voyages in 1839.


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Context: which algae is found here?

Context: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

Context: and plants?

Context: Plant growth is higher like planktons.

Context: is there a law that governs it?

Context: are there deep sea explorations?

Context: Yes, discovered about 4,700 new marine species, and made 492 deep sea soundings, 133 bottom dredges, 151 open water trawls and 263 serial water temperature observations.

Question: how does it generate power?

Answer: Offshore wind power is captured by wind turbines placed out at sea; it has the advantage that wind speeds are higher than on land. Tidal power uses generators to produce electricity from tidal flows.

Explanation: Offshore wind power is captured by wind turbines placed out at sea; it has the advantage that wind speeds are higher than on land, though wind farms are more costly to construct offshore. The first offshore wind farm was installed in Denmark in 1991, and the installed capacity of European offshore wind farms reached 3 GW in 2010.

Sea [SEP] Power generation

A small 2 MW commercial wave power plant, "Osprey", was built in Northern Scotland in 1995 about 300 metres (1000 ft) offshore. It was soon damaged by waves, then destroyed by a storm. Marine current power could provide populated areas close to the sea with a significant part of their energy needs. In principle, it could be harnessed by open-flow turbines; sea bed systems are available, but limited to a depth of about . Offshore wind power is captured by wind turbines placed out at sea; it has the advantage that wind speeds are higher than on land, though wind farms are more costly to construct offshore.


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Context: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

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Context: Plant growth is higher like planktons.

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Context: are there deep sea explorations?

Context: how does it generate power?

Context: Offshore wind power is captured by wind turbines placed out at sea; it has the advantage that wind speeds are higher than on land. Tidal power uses generators to produce electricity from tidal flows.

Question: what are the causes of marine pollution?

Answer: Human activities, Industrial outflows and sewage contribute heavy metals, pesticides, PCBs, disinfectants, household cleaning products and other synthetic chemicals

Explanation:
Much floating plastic rubbish does not biodegrade, instead disintegrating over time and eventually breaking down to the molecular level. Rigid plastics may float for years. In the centre of the Pacific gyre there is a permanent floating accumulation of mostly plastic waste and there is a similar garbage patch in the Atlantic. Foraging sea birds such as the albatross and petrel may mistake debris for food, and accumulate indigestible plastic in their digestive systems. Turtles and whales have been found with plastic bags and fishing line in their stomachs. Microplastics may sink, threatening filter feeders on the seabed.

Most oil pollution in the sea comes from cities and industry. Oil is dangerous for marine animals. It can clog the feathers of sea birds, reducing their insulating effect and the birds' buoyancy, and be ingested when they preen themselves in an attempt to remove the contaminant. Marine mammals are less seriously affected but may be chilled through the removal of their

Sea [SEP] Marine pollution

Many substances enter the sea as a result of human activities. Combustion products are transported in the air and deposited into the sea by precipitation. Industrial outflows and sewage contribute heavy metals, pesticides, PCBs, disinfectants, household cleaning products and other synthetic chemicals. These become concentrated in the surface film and in marine sediment, especially estuarine mud. The result of all this contamination is largely unknown because of the large number of substances involved and the lack of information on their biological effects. The heavy metals of greatest concern are copper, lead, mercury, cadmium and zinc which may be bio-accumulated by marine organisms and are passed up the food chain.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the definition of 'sea'?

Context: what is meant by 'seawater'?

Context: how do waves form?

Context: and tsunamis?

Context: what affects currents?

Context: what are 'tides'?

Context: what is meant by 'ocean basin'?

Context: name some marine habitats?

Context: which algae is found here?

Context: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

Context: and plants?

Context: Plant growth is higher like planktons.

Context: is there a law that governs it?

Context: are there deep sea explorations?

Context: how does it generate power?

Context: what are the causes of marine pollution?

Context: Human activities, Industrial outflows and sewage contribute heavy metals, pesticides, PCBs, disinfectants, household cleaning products and other synthetic chemicals

Question: who are the indigenous sea people?

Answer: Moken people, Bajau people, Chukchi, Inuit, Inuvialuit and Yup'iit, Torres Strait Islanders

Explanation: The indigenous peoples of the Arctic such as the Chukchi, Inuit, Inuvialuit and Yup'iit hunt marine mammals including seals and whales, and the Torres Strait Islanders of Australia include ownership of the Great Barrier Reef among their possessions. They live a traditional life on the islands involving hunting, fishing, gardening and trading with neighbouring peoples in Papua and mainland Aboriginal Australians.

Sea [SEP] Indigenous sea peoples

Several nomadic indigenous groups in Maritime Southeast Asia live in boats and derive nearly all they need from the sea. The Moken people live on the coasts of Thailand and Burma and islands in the Andaman Sea. The Bajau people are originally from the Sulu Archipelago, Mindanao and northern Borneo. Some Sea Gypsies are accomplished free-divers, able to descend to depths of , though many are adopting a more settled, land-based way of life. The indigenous peoples of the Arctic such as the Chukchi, Inuit, Inuvialuit and Yup'iit hunt marine mammals including seals and whales, and the Torres Strait Islanders of Australia include ownership of the Great Barrier Reef among their possessions.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the definition of 'sea'?

Context: what is meant by 'seawater'?

Context: how do waves form?

Context: and tsunamis?

Context: what affects currents?

Context: what are 'tides'?

Context: what is meant by 'ocean basin'?

Context: name some marine habitats?

Context: which algae is found here?

Context: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

Context: and plants?

Context: Plant growth is higher like planktons.

Context: is there a law that governs it?

Context: are there deep sea explorations?

Context: how does it generate power?

Context: who are the indigenous sea people?

Context: Moken people, Bajau people, Chukchi, Inuit, Inuvialuit and Yup'iit, Torres Strait Islanders

Question: are sea levels rising?

Answer: Yes, sea level has been rising at an average rate of about per year.

Explanation: Over most of geologic time, the sea level has been higher than it is today. The main factor affecting sea level over time is the result of changes in the oceanic crust, with a downward trend expected to continue in the very long term. At the last glacial maximum, some 20,000 years ago, the sea level was below its present-day level. For at least the last 100 years, sea level has been rising at an average rate of about per year. Most of this rise can be attributed to an increase in the temperature of the sea and the resulting slight thermal expansion of the upper of water. Additional contributions, as much as one quarter of the total, come from water sources on land, such as melting snow and glaciers and extraction of groundwater for irrigation and other agricultural and human needs. The rising trend from global warming is expected to continue until at least the end of the 21st century.

Sea [SEP] Sea level


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the definition of 'sea'?

Context: what is meant by 'seawater'?

Context: how do waves form?

Context: and tsunamis?

Context: what affects currents?

Context: what are 'tides'?

Context: what is meant by 'ocean basin'?

Context: name some marine habitats?

Context: which algae is found here?

Context: Sargassum, kelp, meadows to name a few.

Context: and plants?

Context: Plant growth is higher like planktons.

Context: is there a law that governs it?

Context: are there deep sea explorations?

Context: how does it generate power?

Context: who are the indigenous sea people?

Context: are sea levels rising?

Context: Yes, sea level has been rising at an average rate of about per year.

Question: what reference does it have to culture?

Answer: The sea appears in human culture in contradictory ways, as both powerful but serene and as beautiful but dangerous.

Explanation:
The sea appears in human culture in contradictory ways, as both powerful but serene and as beautiful but dangerous. It has its place in literature, art, poetry, film, theatre, classical music, mythology and dream interpretation. The Ancients personified it, believing it to be under the control of a being who needed to be appeased, and symbolically, it has been perceived as a hostile environment populated by fantastic creatures; the Leviathan of the Bible, Scylla in Greek mythology, Isonade in Japanese mythology, and the kraken of late Norse mythology.
The sea and ships have been depicted in art ranging from simple drawings on the walls of huts in Lamu to seascapes by Joseph Turner. In Dutch Golden Age painting, artists such as Jan Porcellis, Hendrick Dubbels, Willem van de Velde the Elder and his son, and Ludolf Bakhuizen celebrated the sea and the Dutch navy at the peak of its military prowess. The Japanese artist Katsushika Hokusai created colour prints of the moods of the sea, inclu

Sea [SEP] In culture


Question: when do the white nose operators come out

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Concorde [SEP] Introduction

The Aérospatiale/BAC Concorde () is a British–French turbojet-powered supersonic passenger airliner that was operated until 2003. It had a maximum speed over twice the speed of sound, at Mach 2.04 ( at cruise altitude), with seating for 92 to 128 passengers. First flown in 1969, Concorde entered service in 1976 and continued flying for the next 27 years. It is one of only two supersonic transports to have been operated commercially; the other is the Soviet-built Tupolev Tu-144, which operated in the late 1970s. Concorde was jointly developed and manufactured by Sud Aviation (later Aérospatiale) and the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) under an Anglo-French treaty.


Context: when do the white nose operators come out

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the speed of this jet?

Answer: Mach 2.04

Explanation: It had a maximum speed over twice the speed of sound, at Mach 2.04 ( at cruise altitude), with seating for 92 to 128 passengers.

Concorde [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the speed of this jet?

Context: Mach 2.04

Question: is it faster than the speed of an ordinary airplane?

Answer: It had a maximum speed over twice the speed of sound

Concorde [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the speed of this jet?

Context: Mach 2.04

Context: is it faster than the speed of an ordinary airplane?

Context: It had a maximum speed over twice the speed of sound

Question: who built this jet?

Answer: Sud Aviation and the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC)

Explanation: Concorde was jointly developed and manufactured by Sud Aviation (later Aérospatiale) and the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) under an Anglo-French treaty.

Concorde [SEP] Introduction

It was this extreme cost that became the main factor in the production run being much smaller than anticipated. Later, another factor, which affected the viability of all supersonic transport programmes, was that supersonic flight could be used only on ocean-crossing routes, to prevent sonic boom disturbance over populated areas. With only seven airframes each being operated by the British and French, the per-unit cost was impossible to recoup, so the French and British governments absorbed the development costs. British Airways and Air France were able to operate Concorde at a profit, in spite of very high maintenance costs, because the aircraft was able to sustain a high ticket price.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the speed of this jet?

Context: Mach 2.04

Context: who built this jet?

Context: Sud Aviation and the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC)

Question: when was this jet's first flight?

Answer: 1969

Explanation: First flown in 1969, Concorde entered service in 1976 and continued flying for the next 27 years.

Concorde [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the speed of this jet?

Context: Mach 2.04

Context: who built this jet?

Context: when was this jet's first flight?

Question: name a few general features.

Answer: is an ogival delta winged aircraft with four Olympus engines and it is one of the few commercial aircraft to employ a tailless design.

Concorde [SEP] General features

Concorde is an ogival delta winged aircraft with four Olympus engines based on those employed in the RAF's Avro Vulcan strategic bomber. It is one of the few commercial aircraft to employ a tailless design (the Tupolev Tu-144 being another). Concorde was the first airliner to have a (in this case, analogue) fly-by-wire flight-control system; the avionics system Concorde used was unique because it was the first commercial aircraft to employ hybrid circuits. The principal designer for the project was Pierre Satre, with Sir Archibald Russell as his deputy. Concorde pioneered the following technologies: For high speed and optimisation of flight:


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the speed of this jet?

Context: Mach 2.04

Context: who built this jet?

Context: when was this jet's first flight?

Context: name a few general features.

Context: is an ogival delta winged aircraft with four Olympus engines and it is one of the few commercial aircraft to employ a tailless design.

Question: what is its seating capacity?

Answer: 92 to 128 passengers

Concorde [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the speed of this jet?

Context: Mach 2.04

Context: who built this jet?

Context: when was this jet's first flight?

Context: name a few general features.

Context: what is its seating capacity?

Context: 92 to 128 passengers

Question: what is the environmental impact of this jet?

Answer: It produced nitrogen oxides, which,are understood to result in degradation to the ozone layer at the stratospheric altitudes it cruised.

Concorde [SEP] Environmental

Even before commercial flights started, it had been claimed that Concorde was quieter than many other aircraft. In 1971, BAC's technical director was quoted as saying, "It is certain on present evidence and calculations that in the airport context, production Concordes will be no worse than aircraft now in service and will in fact be better than many of them." Concorde produced nitrogen oxides in its exhaust, which, despite complicated interactions with other ozone-depleting chemicals, are understood to result in degradation to the ozone layer at the stratospheric altitudes it cruised. It has been pointed out that other, lower-flying, airliners produce ozone during their flights in the troposphere, but vertical transit of gases between the layers is restricted.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the speed of this jet?

Context: Mach 2.04

Context: who built this jet?

Context: when was this jet's first flight?

Context: name a few general features.

Context: what is its seating capacity?

Context: 92 to 128 passengers

Context: what is the environmental impact of this jet?

Context: It produced nitrogen oxides, which,are understood to result in degradation to the ozone layer at the stratospheric altitudes it cruised.

Question: you had mentioned two companies who built this jet, when was the first company established?

Answer: 1 March 1957

Sud Aviation [SEP] Introduction

Sud Aviation (, "Southern Aviation") was a French state-owned aircraft manufacturer, originating from the merger of Sud-Est (SNCASE, or Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du sud-est) and Sud-Ouest (SNCASO or Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du sud-ouest) on 1 March 1957. Both companies had been formed from smaller privately owned corporations that had been nationalized into six regional design and manufacturing pools just prior to the Second World War. The company became a major manufactuter of helicopters, designing and producing several types which went on to be built in large numbers, including the Alouette II (the first production helicopter powered by a gas turbine engine; first flight in 1955), the Puma (1965) and Gazelle (1967).


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the speed of this jet?

Context: Mach 2.04

Context: who built this jet?

Context: when was this jet's first flight?

Context: name a few general features.

Context: what is its seating capacity?

Context: 92 to 128 passengers

Context: you had mentioned two companies who built this jet, when was the first company established?

Context: 1 March 1957

Question: what other equipments/structures have they built?

Answer: Alouette II, the Puma and Gazelle.

Explanation: The company became a major manufactuter of helicopters, designing and producing several types which went on to be built in large numbers, including the Alouette II (the first production helicopter powered by a gas turbine engine; first flight in 1955), the Puma (1965) and Gazelle (1967).

Sud Aviation [SEP] Introduction

During 1967, an agreement between the British and French governments arranged for joint production and procurement of the Puma and Gazelle, together with the British Westland Lynx. Sud Aviation also developed the Caravelle, the first jet-powered passenger airliners for the short-medium range market. During 1970, Sud Aviation merged with both Nord Aviation and "Société d'études et de réalisation d'engins balistiques" (SÉREB) to form the Aérospatiale company. Aérospatiale formed several large-scale international consortia, for example with British Aerospace and Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm to form Airbus; the company ultimately merged into the European aerospace conglomerate EADS in 2000. During January 2014, EADS was reorganised as the Airbus Group.


Question: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Answer: An inedible species of mushroom

Geastrum quadrifidum [SEP] Introduction

Geastrum quadrifidum, commonly known as the rayed earthstar or four-footed earthstar, is an inedible species of mushroom belonging to the genus "Geastrum", or earthstar fungi. First described scientifically by Christian Hendrik Persoon in 1794, "G. quadrifidum" is a cosmopolitan—but not common—species of Europe, the Americas, Africa, Asia, and Australasia. The fungus is a saprobe, feeding off decomposing organic matter present in the soil and litter of coniferous forests. The small, tough, fruit bodies are grayish-brown balls that are initially enclosed by a skin, or peridium, made up of four distinct layers of tissue. The outer tissue layer splits to form star-like rays and expose a circular spore case.


Context:
what is geastrum quadrifidum?
An inedible species of mushroom

Question: what is the origin of the name?

Answer: Latin

Explanation: The specific epithet "quadrifidum" is derived from Latin, and means "four-forks".

Geastrum quadrifidum [SEP] Taxonomy and naming


Context:
what is geastrum quadrifidum?
An inedible species of mushroom
what is the origin of the name?
Latin

Question: what does this species look like?

Answer: The immature, unopened fruit body is roughly spherical to somewhat flattened or irregular in shape.

Geastrum quadrifidum [SEP] Description

As in all "Geastrum" fungi, the internal spore-producing gleba is enclosed in the peridium, a protective structure composed of four layers of tissue: an inner endoperidium, and outer exoperidium that may further be divided into an external mycelial, a tough and membranous middle fibrillose layer, and an internal fleshy layer (known as the pseudoparenchyma). The immature, unopened fruit body is roughly spherical to somewhat flattened or irregular in shape. It lies partly or wholly submerged, encrusted with debris. The expanded fruit body is usually taller than it is wide, about high, with mycelial cup included about . The exoperidium (the outer tissue layer of the four-layered peridium) splits in the middle into three to six, but usually four or five rays.


Context: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Context: An inedible species of mushroom

Context: what is the origin of the name?

Context: Latin

Context: what does this species look like?

Context: The immature, unopened fruit body is roughly spherical to somewhat flattened or irregular in shape.

Question: what are its characteristics that can be observed through a microscope?

Answer: Its basidia has a basal clamp connection and the spores in mass are dark brown when mature.

Explanation: The basidia of "G. quadrifidum" have a basal clamp connection, or they narrow into a hyphal part that ends at a clamp.

Geastrum quadrifidum [SEP] Microscopic characteristics

Thick-walled hyphae are also present, measuring 2–11 (sometimes up to 19) μm wide. The outer part (the mycelial cup) consists of thick-walled, branched and densely interwoven hyphae (often with a narrow lumen) that measure 1.5–4 μm wide.


Context: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Context: An inedible species of mushroom

Context: what is the origin of the name?

Context: Latin

Context: what does this species look like?

Context: what are its characteristics that can be observed through a microscope?

Context: Its basidia has a basal clamp connection and the spores in mass are dark brown when mature.

Question: where is the aforementioned language spoken?

Answer: In the area around Rome and Italy.

Latin [SEP] Introduction

Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken in the area around Rome, known as Latium. Through the power of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language in Italy, and subsequently throughout the western Roman Empire. Latin has contributed many words to the English language. In particular, Latin (and Ancient Greek) roots are used in English descriptions of theology, the sciences, medicine, and law. It is the official language in the Holy See (Vatican City). By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardised into Classical Latin.


Context: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Context: An inedible species of mushroom

Context: what is the origin of the name?

Context: Latin

Context: what does this species look like?

Context: where is the aforementioned language spoken?

Context: In the area around Rome and Italy.

Question: what are some types of that language?

Answer: Old Latin, Classical Latin, Vulgar Latin and a few other.

Explanation: By the late Roman Republic (75 BC), Old Latin had been standardised into Classical Latin. Vulgar Latin was the colloquial form spoken during the same time and attested in inscriptions and the works of comic playwrights like Plautus and Terence and author Petronius. Late Latin is the written language from the 3rd century;

Latin [SEP] Introduction

Latin was the language of international communication, scholarship and science until well into the 18th century, when vernaculars (including the Romance languages) supplanted it. Ecclesiastical Latin remains the official language of the Holy See and the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders, six or seven noun cases, five declensions, four verb conjugations, six tenses, three persons, three moods, two voices, two or three aspects and two numbers. The Latin alphabet is derived from the Etruscan and Greek alphabets and ultimately from the Phoenician alphabet.


Context: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Context: An inedible species of mushroom

Context: what is the origin of the name?

Context: Latin

Context: what does this species look like?

Context: In the area around Rome and Italy.

Context: what are some types of that language?

Context: Old Latin, Classical Latin, Vulgar Latin and a few other.

Question: what are the ages that the second language was spoken in?

Answer: Wilhelm Sigismund Teuffel defined the philological notion of it based on the metaphoric uses of the ancient myth as Ages of Man.

Classical Latin [SEP] Ages of Latin

In 1870, Wilhelm Sigismund Teuffel's "Geschichte der Römischen Literatur" ("A History of Roman Literature") defined the philological notion of classical Latin based on the metaphoric uses of the ancient myth, Ages of Man. It was viewed as a universal standard, marking the Golden and Silver Ages of classical Latin. Shortly after Wilhem Wagner published Teuffel's work in German, he translated it to English (1873). Teuffel's classification divides the chronology of classical Latin authors into several periods according to political events rather than by style. His work (with modifications) is still in use today. Teuffel went on to publish other editions, but the English translation of "A History of Roman Literature" gained immediate success.


Context: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Context: An inedible species of mushroom

Context: what is the origin of the name?

Context: Latin

Context: what does this species look like?

Context: In the area around Rome and Italy.

Context: what are some types of that language?

Context: what are the ages that the second language was spoken in?

Context: Wilhelm Sigismund Teuffel defined the philological notion of it based on the metaphoric uses of the ancient myth as Ages of Man.

Question: what is unique about the vocabulary of the third language?

Answer: It made some changes in spelling and case usage only.

Explanation: Vulgar Latin largely kept much of its classical vocabulary, albeit with some changes in spelling and case usage.

Vulgar Latin [SEP] Vocabulary


Context: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Context: An inedible species of mushroom

Context: what is the origin of the name?

Context: Latin

Context: what does this species look like?

Context: In the area around Rome and Italy.

Context: what are some types of that language?

Context: what is unique about the vocabulary of the third language?

Context: It made some changes in spelling and case usage only.

Question: where did the name of the language come from?

Answer: From the term "common speech" ("sermo vulgaris")

Vulgar Latin [SEP] Origin of the term

The term "common speech" ("sermo vulgaris"), which later became "Vulgar Latin", was used by inhabitants of the Roman Empire. Subsequently, it became a technical term from Latin and Romance-language philology referring to the unwritten varieties of a Latinised language spoken mainly by Italo-Celtic populations governed by the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. Traces of their language appear in some inscriptions, such as graffiti or advertisements. The educated population mainly responsible for Classical Latin may also have spoken Vulgar Latin in certain contexts depending on their socioeconomic background. The term was first used improperly in that sense by the pioneers of Romance-language philology: François Juste Marie Raynouard (1761–1836) and Friedrich Christian Diez (1794–1876).


Context: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Context: An inedible species of mushroom

Context: what is the origin of the name?

Context: Latin

Context: what does this species look like?

Context: In the area around Rome and Italy.

Context: what are some types of that language?

Context: where did the name of the language come from?

Context: From the term "common speech" ("sermo vulgaris")

Question: were any changes made to this language at any point?

Answer: Phonological changes can be seen in the late 3rd-century Appendix Probi

Vulgar Latin [SEP] Evidence of changes

Evidence of phonological changes can be seen in the late 3rd-century Appendix Probi, a collection of glosses prescribing correct classical Latin forms for certain vulgar forms. These glosses describe: Many of the forms castigated in the "Appendix Probi" proved to be the forms accepted in Romance; e.g., "oricla" (evolved from the Classical Latin marked diminutive "auricula") is the source of French "oreille", Catalan "orella", Spanish "oreja", Italian "orecchia", Romanian "ureche", Portuguese "orelha", Sardinian "origra" 'ear', not the prescribed "auris". Development of yod from the post-nasal unstressed of "vinea" enabled the palatalization of /n/ that would produce French "vigne", Italian "vigna", Spanish "viña", Portuguese "vinha", Catalan "vinya", Occitan "vinha", Friulan "vigne", etc., 'vineyard'.


Context: what is geastrum quadrifidum?

Context: An inedible species of mushroom

Context: what is the origin of the name?

Context: Latin

Context: what does this species look like?

Context: In the area around Rome and Italy.

Context: what are some types of that language?

Context: were any changes made to this language at any point?

Context: Phonological changes can be seen in the late 3rd-century Appendix Probi

Question: what exactly is the source mentioned here?

Answer: It is a palimpsest appended to the "Instituta Artium", a work written in the 3rd or 4th century AD.

Appendix Probi [SEP] Introduction

The Appendix Probi ("Probus' Appendix") is a palimpsest appended to the "Instituta Artium", a work written in the 3rd or 4th century AD. The text survives only in a carelessly transcribed water-damaged manuscript of the 7th or 8th century. In the past, it was attributed to Valerius Probus, but that is now considered wrong. The surviving manuscript is believed to have been transcribed at Bobbio Abbey, and it is currently kept at the Biblioteca Nazionale Vittorio Emanuele III. The "Appendix" lists common mistakes in the written Latin of the time. In those mistakes, tendencies in the grammar, spelling, and pronunciation of the contemporary vernacular can be observed that would become the various Romance languages.


Question: one kiss is all it takes by calvin harris

Answer: It is a song by Scottish DJ and record producer Calvin Harris, and English singer Dua Lipa.

Explanation: "One Kiss" is a song by Scottish DJ and record producer Calvin Harris, and English singer Dua Lipa. The song was released for digital download and streaming as a standalone single, through Columbia Records and Sony Music on 6 April 2018. It was later included on the super deluxe edition of Lipa's debut studio album, "Dua Lipa: Complete Edition" (2018). The song was written by Harris and Lipa alongside Canadian singer Jessie Reyez, with Harris solely handling the production. It spans dance-pop, deep house, diva house, EDM, electro house, Eurodance, Euro house, funk house, and tropical house genres, with UK garage, funky disco and 1990s elements. Horns, organs, and a synth-line are featured within the song, as well as EDM and house beats. Lyrically, the song is about instantly falling in love with a romantical interest after a kiss.

One Kiss (song) [SEP] Introduction


Context: one kiss is all it takes by calvin harris

Context: It is a song by Scottish DJ and record producer Calvin Harris, and English singer Dua Lipa.

Question: what is the song about?

Answer: The lyric video features VHS-quality footage of a vintage television in an outdoor setting, which plays two couples kissing over and over.

Explanation: Upon its release, "One Kiss" was accompanied by a lyric video and a vertical video, the latter of which was released via Spotify. The lyric video features VHS-quality footage of a vintage television in an outdoor setting, which plays two couples kissing over and over. The song's official music video premiered exclusively through Apple Music on 1 May 2018, later being released to YouTube the following day. The video was directed by Emil Nava, who had previously worked with Harris on many visuals, including "Outside" (2014), "This Is What You Came For" (2016), and "Feels" (2017).

One Kiss (song) [SEP] Background


Context: what is the song about?

Context: The lyric video features VHS-quality footage of a vintage television in an outdoor setting, which plays two couples kissing over and over.

Question: is this part of an album?

Answer: Initially it was standalone single. It was later included on the super deluxe edition of Lipa's debut studio album, "Dua Lipa: Complete Edition" (2018).

One Kiss (song) [SEP] Introduction