Question: what is the purest form of iron called

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Iron [SEP] Introduction

Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. It is by mass the most common element on Earth, right in front of oxygen (32.1% and 30.1%, respectively), forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust. In its metallic state, iron is rare in the Earth's crust, limited mainly to deposition by meteorites. Iron ores, by contrast, are among the most abundant in the Earth's crust, although extracting usable metal from them requires kilns or furnaces capable of reaching or higher, about 500 °C (900 °F) higher than that required to smelt copper.


Context:
what is the purest form of iron called
UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is this subsance?

Answer: It is a chemical element with symbol Fe and atomic number 26.

Explanation: Iron () is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ) and atomic number 26.

Iron [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: It is a chemical element with symbol Fe and atomic number 26.

Question: what is this number?

Answer: Also known as the proton number (symbol "Z") of a chemical element - it is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element.

Atomic number [SEP] Introduction

The atomic number or proton number (symbol "Z") of a chemical element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element. The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element. It is identical to the charge number of the nucleus. In an uncharged atom, the atomic number is also equal to the number of electrons. The sum of the atomic number "Z" and the number of neutrons "N" gives the mass number "A" of an atom. Since protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass (and the mass of the electrons is negligible for many purposes) and the mass defect of nucleon binding is always small compared to the nucleon mass, the atomic mass of any atom, when expressed in unified atomic mass units (making a quantity called the "relative isotopic mass"), is within 1% of the whole number "A".


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: what is this number?

Context: Also known as the proton number (symbol "Z") of a chemical element - it is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element.

Question: how is it related to an experiment conducted in 1913?

Answer: The experimental position improved dramatically after research by Henry Moseley in 1913.

Atomic number [SEP] Moseley's 1913 experiment

The experimental position improved dramatically after research by Henry Moseley in 1913. Moseley, after discussions with Bohr who was at the same lab (and who had used Van den Broek's hypothesis in his Bohr model of the atom), decided to test Van den Broek's and Bohr's hypothesis directly, by seeing if spectral lines emitted from excited atoms fitted the Bohr theory's postulation that the frequency of the spectral lines be proportional to the square of "Z". To do this, Moseley measured the wavelengths of the innermost photon transitions (K and L lines) produced by the elements from aluminum ("Z" = 13) to gold ("Z" = 79) used as a series of movable anodic targets inside an x-ray tube.


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: what is this number?

Context: how is it related to an experiment conducted in 1913?

Context: The experimental position improved dramatically after research by Henry Moseley in 1913.

Question: who was this person?

Answer: He was an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number.

Henry Moseley [SEP] Introduction

Henry Gwyn Jeffreys Moseley (; 23 November 1887 – 10 August 1915) was an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number. This stemmed from his development of Moseley's law in X-ray spectra. Moseley's law advanced atomic physics, nuclear physics and quantum physics by providing the first experimental evidence in favour of Niels Bohr's theory, aside from the hydrogen atom spectrum which the Bohr theory was designed to reproduce. That theory refined Ernest Rutherford's and Antonius van den Broek's model, which proposed that the atom contains in its nucleus a number of positive nuclear charges that is equal to its (atomic) number in the periodic table.


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: what is this number?

Context: who was this person?

Context: He was an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number.

Question: where was he from?

Answer: Weymouth in Dorset

Henry Moseley [SEP] Biography

Henry G. J. Moseley, known to his friends as Harry, was born in Weymouth in Dorset in 1887. His father Henry Nottidge Moseley (1844–1891), who died when Moseley was quite young, was a biologist and also a professor of anatomy and physiology at the University of Oxford, who had been a member of the Challenger Expedition. Moseley's mother was Amabel Gwyn Jeffreys, the daughter of the Welsh biologist and conchologist John Gwyn Jeffreys. She was also the British women's champion of chess in 1913. Moseley had been a very promising schoolboy at Summer Fields School (where one of the four "leagues" is named after him), and he was awarded a King's scholarship to attend Eton College.


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: what is this number?

Context: who was this person?

Context: where was he from?

Context: Weymouth in Dorset

Question: what was his role towards explaining the atomic structure?

Answer: His discovery showed that atomic numbers were not arbitrarily assigned, but rather, they have a definite physical basis.

Henry Moseley [SEP] Contribution to understanding of the atom

Before Moseley and his law, atomic numbers had been thought of as a semi-arbitrary ordering number, vaguely increasing with atomic weight but not strictly defined by it. Moseley's discovery showed that atomic numbers were not arbitrarily assigned, but rather, they have a definite physical basis. Moseley postulated that each successive element has a nuclear charge exactly one unit greater than its predecessor. Moseley redefined the idea of atomic numbers from its previous status as an "ad hoc" numerical tag to help sorting the elements into an exact sequence of ascending atomic numbers that made the Periodic Table exact. (This was later to be the basis of the Aufbau principle in atomic studies.) As noted by Bohr, Moseley's law provided a reasonably complete experimental set of data that supported the (new from 1911) conception by Ernest Rutherford and Antonius van den Broek of the atom, with a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons in which the atomic number is understood to be the exact physical number of positive charges (later discovered and called protons) in the central atomic nuclei of the elements.


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: what is this number?

Context: who was this person?

Context: where was he from?

Context: Weymouth in Dorset

Context: what was his role towards explaining the atomic structure?

Context: His discovery showed that atomic numbers were not arbitrarily assigned, but rather, they have a definite physical basis.

Question: what was his role in the field of x-rays?

Answer: The X-ray spectrometers as Moseley knew them worked as follows. A glass-bulb electron tube was used, similar to that held by Moseley in the photo here. Inside the evacuated tube, electrons were fired at a metallic substance (i.e. a sample of pure element in Moseley's work), causing the ionization of electrons from the inner electron shells of the element.

Henry Moseley [SEP] Use of X-ray spectrometer

X-ray spectrometers are the foundation-stones of X-ray crystallography. The X-ray spectrometers as Moseley knew them worked as follows. A glass-bulb electron tube was used, similar to that held by Moseley in the photo here. Inside the evacuated tube, electrons were fired at a metallic substance (i.e. a sample of pure element in Moseley's work), causing the ionization of electrons from the inner electron shells of the element. The rebound of electrons into these holes in the inner shells next causes the emission of X-ray photons that were led out of the tube in a semi-beam, through an opening in the external X-ray shielding.


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: what is this number?

Context: who was this person?

Context: where was he from?

Context: Weymouth in Dorset

Context: what was his role in the field of x-rays?

Context: The X-ray spectrometers as Moseley knew them worked as follows. A glass-bulb electron tube was used, similar to that held by Moseley in the photo here. Inside the evacuated tube, electrons were fired at a metallic substance (i.e. a sample of pure element in Moseley's work), causing the ionization of electrons from the inner electron shells of the element.

Question: who were his parents?

Answer: Henry Nottidge Moseley and Amabel Gwyn Jeffreys

Explanation: Henry G. J. Moseley, known to his friends as Harry, was born in Weymouth in Dorset in 1887. His father Henry Nottidge Moseley (1844–1891), who died when Moseley was quite young, was a biologist and also a professor of anatomy and physiology at the University of Oxford, who had been a member of the Challenger Expedition. Moseley's mother was Amabel Gwyn Jeffreys, the daughter of the Welsh biologist and conchologist John Gwyn Jeffreys. She was also the British women's champion of chess in 1913.

Henry Moseley [SEP] Biography

In 1906 he won the chemistry and physics prizes at Eton. In 1906, Moseley entered Trinity College of the University of Oxford, where he earned his bachelor's degree. While an undergraduate at Oxford, Moseley joined the Apollo University Lodge. Immediately after graduation from Oxford in 1910, Moseley became a demonstrator in physics at the University of Manchester under the supervision of Sir Ernest Rutherford. During Moseley's first year at Manchester, he had a teaching load as a graduate teaching assistant, but following that first year, he was reassigned from his teaching duties to work as a graduate research assistant. He declined a fellowship offered by Rutherford, preferring to move back to Oxford, in November 1913, where he was given laboratory facilities but no support.


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: what is this number?

Context: who was this person?

Context: where was he from?

Context: Weymouth in Dorset

Context: who were his parents?

Context: Henry Nottidge Moseley and Amabel Gwyn Jeffreys

Question: what were their professions?

Answer: Father was a biologist and also a professor of anatomy and physiology; mother was the British women's champion of chess in 1913.

Explanation: His father Henry Nottidge Moseley (1844–1891), who died when Moseley was quite young, was a biologist and also a professor of anatomy and physiology at the University of Oxford, who had been a member of the Challenger Expedition. Moseley's mother was Amabel Gwyn Jeffreys, the daughter of the Welsh biologist and conchologist John Gwyn Jeffreys. She was also the British women's champion of chess in 1913.

Henry Moseley [SEP] Biography


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this subsance?

Context: what is this number?

Context: who was this person?

Context: where was he from?

Context: Weymouth in Dorset

Context: who were his parents?

Context: what were their professions?

Context: Father was a biologist and also a professor of anatomy and physiology; mother was the British women's champion of chess in 1913.

Question: where does the name of the element in discussion originate from?

Answer: The source of its chemical symbol "Fe" is the Latin word "ferrum".

Iron [SEP] Etymology

As iron has been in use for such a long time, it has many names. The source of its chemical symbol "Fe" is the Latin word "ferrum", and its descendants are the names of the element in the Romance languages (for example, French "fer", Spanish "hierro", and Italian and Portuguese "ferro"). The word "ferrum" itself possibly comes from the Semitic languages, via Etruscan, from a root that also gave rise to Old English "bræs" "brass". The English word "iron" derives ultimately from Proto-Germanic "*isarnan", which is also the source of the German name "Eisen". It was most likely borrowed from Celtic "*isarnon", which ultimately comes from Proto-Indo-European "*is-(e)ro-" "powerful, holy" and finally "*eis" "strong", referencing iron's strength as a metal.


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Context: Weymouth in Dorset

Context: who were his parents?

Context: what were their professions?

Context: where does the name of the element in discussion originate from?

Context: The source of its chemical symbol "Fe" is the Latin word "ferrum".

Question: is it consumed as a part of food?

Answer: Yes, it is found in red meat, oysters, lentils, beans, poultry, fish etc.

Iron [SEP] Diet

Iron is pervasive, but particularly rich sources of dietary iron include red meat, oysters, lentils, beans, poultry, fish, leaf vegetables, watercress, tofu, chickpeas, black-eyed peas, and blackstrap molasses. Bread and breakfast cereals are sometimes specifically fortified with iron. Iron provided by dietary supplements is often found as iron(II) fumarate, although iron(II) sulfate is cheaper and is absorbed equally well. Elemental iron, or reduced iron, despite being absorbed at only one-third to two-thirds the efficiency (relative to iron sulfate), is often added to foods such as breakfast cereals or enriched wheat flour. Iron is most available to the body when chelated to amino acids and is also available for use as a common iron supplement.


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

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Context: where was he from?

Context: Weymouth in Dorset

Context: who were his parents?

Context: what were their professions?

Context: is it consumed as a part of food?

Context: Yes, it is found in red meat, oysters, lentils, beans, poultry, fish etc.

Question: what happens it too much of it is consumed?

Answer: Excessive iron intake can result in iron overload disorders, known medically as hemochromatosis.

Iron [SEP] Excess

Iron uptake is tightly regulated by the human body, which has no regulated physiological means of excreting iron. Only small amounts of iron are lost daily due to mucosal and skin epithelial cell sloughing, so control of iron levels is primarily accomplished by regulating uptake. Regulation of iron uptake is impaired in some people as a result of a genetic defect that maps to the HLA-H gene region on chromosome 6 and leads to abnormally low levels of hepcidin, a key regulator of the entry of iron into the circulatory system in mammals. In these people, excessive iron intake can result in iron overload disorders, known medically as hemochromatosis.


Context: what is the purest form of iron called

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Context: where was he from?

Context: Weymouth in Dorset

Context: who were his parents?

Context: what were their professions?

Context: is it consumed as a part of food?

Context: what happens it too much of it is consumed?

Context: Excessive iron intake can result in iron overload disorders, known medically as hemochromatosis.

Question: what happens if too less of it is consumed?

Answer: When loss of iron is not adequately compensated by adequate dietary iron intake, a state of latent iron deficiency occurs, which over time leads to iron-deficiency anemia if left untreated, which is characterised by an insufficient number of red blood cells and an insufficient amount of hemoglobin.

Iron [SEP] Deficiency

Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. When loss of iron is not adequately compensated by adequate dietary iron intake, a state of latent iron deficiency occurs, which over time leads to iron-deficiency anemia if left untreated, which is characterised by an insufficient number of red blood cells and an insufficient amount of hemoglobin. Children, pre-menopausal women (women of child-bearing age), and people with poor diet are most susceptible to the disease. Most cases of iron-deficiency anemia are mild, but if not treated can cause problems like fast or irregular heartbeat, complications during pregnancy, and delayed growth in infants and children.


Question: name of black and white bird with orange beak

Answer: The American white ibis

American white ibis [SEP] Introduction

The American white ibis ("Eudocimus albus") is a species of bird in the ibis family, Threskiornithidae. It is found from Virginia via the Gulf Coast of the United States south through most of the coastal New World tropics. This particular ibis is a medium-sized bird with an overall white plumage, bright red-orange down-curved bill and long legs, and black wing tips that are usually only visible in flight. Males are larger and have longer bills than females. The breeding range runs along the Gulf and Atlantic Coast, and the coasts of Mexico and Central America. Outside the breeding period, the range extends further inland in North America and also includes the Caribbean.


Context: name of black and white bird with orange beak

Context: The American white ibis

Question: where is it found?

Answer: Virginia via the Gulf Coast of the United States

Explanation: . It is found from Virginia via the Gulf Coast of the United States south through most of the coastal New World tropics.

American white ibis [SEP] Introduction


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

Context: Virginia via the Gulf Coast of the United States

Question: what is the faith practiced majorly in the first place?

Answer: It is predominantly Christian and Protestant; Baptist denominations

Virginia [SEP] Religion

Virginia is predominantly Christian and Protestant; Baptist denominations combined to form largest group with about 26 percent of the population , and around 763,655 total members . Baptist denominational groups in Virginia include the Baptist General Association of Virginia, with about 1,400 member churches, which supports both the Southern Baptist Convention and the moderate Cooperative Baptist Fellowship; and the Southern Baptist Conservatives of Virginia with more than 500 affiliated churches, which supports the Southern Baptist Convention. Roman Catholics are the second-largest religious group with 673,853 members. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Arlington includes most of Northern Virginia's Catholic churches, while the Diocese of Richmond covers the rest.


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

Context: what is the faith practiced majorly in the first place?

Context: It is predominantly Christian and Protestant; Baptist denominations

Question: any war associated with this place?

Answer: American Civil War

Virginia [SEP] Civil War and aftermath

In addition to agriculture, slave labor was increasingly used in mining, shipbuilding and other industries. The execution of Gabriel Prosser in 1800, Nat Turner's slave rebellion in 1831 and John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859 marked the growing social discontent over slavery and its role in the plantation economy. By 1860, almost half a million people, roughly 31percent of the total population of Virginia, were enslaved. This division contributed to the start of the American Civil War. Virginia voted to secede from the United States on April 17, 1861, after the Battle of Fort Sumter and Abraham Lincoln's call for volunteers.


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

Context: any war associated with this place?

Context: American Civil War

Question: any president elected during this period?

Answer: Abraham Lincoln

American Civil War [SEP] Introduction

The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States from 1861 to 1865, fought between northern states loyal to the Union and southern states that had seceded to form the Confederate States of America. The civil war began primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of black people. War broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina just over a month after Abraham Lincoln had been inaugurated as the President of the United States. The loyalists of the Union in the North, which also included some geographically western and southern states, proclaimed support for the Constitution.


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

Context: any war associated with this place?

Context: American Civil War

Context: any president elected during this period?

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Question: when was he born?

Answer: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Abraham Lincoln [SEP] Early life

Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, the second child of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln, in a one-room log cabin on Sinking Spring Farm near Hodgenville, Kentucky. He was a descendant of Samuel Lincoln, an Englishman who migrated from Hingham, Norfolk, to its namesake, Hingham, Massachusetts, in 1638. The family then migrated west, passing through New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Lincoln's paternal grandparents, his namesake Captain Abraham Lincoln and wife Bathsheba (née Herring), moved the family from Virginia to Jefferson County, Kentucky. The captain was killed in an Indian raid in 1786. His children, including eight-year-old Thomas, Abraham's father, witnessed the attack.


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

Context: any war associated with this place?

Context: American Civil War

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Context: when was he born?

Context: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Question: when did he start his career?

Answer: 1832

Abraham Lincoln [SEP] Early career and militia service

In 1832, Lincoln joined with a partner, Denton Offutt, in the purchase of a general store on credit in New Salem. Although the economy was booming, the business struggled and Lincoln eventually sold his share. That March he entered politics, running for the Illinois General Assembly, advocating navigational improvements on the Sangamon River. He could draw crowds as a raconteur, but he lacked the requisite formal education, powerful friends, and money, and lost the election. Lincoln briefly interrupted his campaign to serve as a captain in the Illinois Militia during the Black Hawk War. In his first campaign speech after returning, he observed a supporter in the crowd under attack, grabbed the assailant by his "neck and the seat of his trousers", and tossed him.


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

Context: any war associated with this place?

Context: American Civil War

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Context: when was he born?

Context: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Context: when did he start his career?

Question: how is the weather of the place he was born in?

Answer: The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.

Hodgenville, Kentucky [SEP] Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Hodgenville has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

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Context: American Civil War

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Context: when was he born?

Context: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Context: when did he start his career?

Context: how is the weather of the place he was born in?

Context: The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.

Question: name few dignitaries associated with this place?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Hodgenville, Kentucky [SEP] Climate


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Context: American Civil War

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Context: when was he born?

Context: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

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Question: any famous academic institute in this place?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Hodgenville, Kentucky [SEP] Climate


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Context: American Civil War

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Context: when was he born?

Context: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

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Question: name the wife of the person born in this place?

Answer: Mary Todd

Abraham Lincoln [SEP] Marriage and children

In 1839, Lincoln met Mary Todd in Springfield, Illinois, and the following year they became engaged. She was the daughter of Robert Smith Todd, a wealthy lawyer and businessman in Lexington, Kentucky. A wedding set for January 1, 1841 was canceled at Lincoln's request, but they reconciled and married on November 4, 1842, in the Springfield mansion of Mary's sister. While anxiously preparing for the nuptials, he was asked where he was going and replied, "To hell, I suppose." In 1844, the couple bought a house in Springfield near his law office. Mary kept house with the help of a hired servant and a relative.


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

Context: any war associated with this place?

Context: American Civil War

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Context: when was he born?

Context: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Context: when did he start his career?

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Context: name the wife of the person born in this place?

Context: Mary Todd

Question: who killed him?

Answer: John Wilkes Booth

Abraham Lincoln [SEP] Assassination

John Wilkes Booth was a well-known actor and a Confederate spy from Maryland; though he never joined the Confederate army, he had contacts with the Confederate secret service. After attending an April 11, 1865 speech in which Lincoln promoted voting rights for blacks, Booth hatched a plot to assassinate the President. When Booth learned of the Lincolns' intent to attend a play with General Grant, he planned to assassinate Lincoln and Grant at Ford's Theatre. Lincoln and his wife attended the play "Our American Cousin" on the evening of April 14, just five days after the Union victory at the Battle of Appomattox Courthouse.


Context: The American white ibis

Context: where is it found?

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Context: American Civil War

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Context: when was he born?

Context: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

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Context: Mary Todd

Context: who killed him?

Context: John Wilkes Booth

Question: where was he born?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Abraham Lincoln [SEP] Assassination


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Context: American Civil War

Context: Abraham Lincoln

Context: when was he born?

Context: Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Context: when did he start his career?

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Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Mary Todd

Context: who killed him?

Context: John Wilkes Booth

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Question: how did he die?

Answer: He was shot.

John Wilkes Booth [SEP] Death

Booth, fatally wounded in the neck, was dragged from the barn to the porch of Garrett's farmhouse, where he died three hours later, aged 26. The bullet had pierced three vertebrae and partially severed his spinal cord, paralyzing him. In his dying moments, he reportedly whispered, "Tell my mother I died for my country." Asking that his hands be raised to his face so that he could see them, Booth uttered his last words, "Useless, useless," and died as dawn was breaking. In Booth's pockets were found a compass, a candle, pictures of five women (actresses Alice Grey, Helen Western, Effie Germon, Fannie Brown, and Booth's fiancée Lucy Hale), and his diary, where he had written of Lincoln's death, "Our country owed all her troubles to him, and God simply made me the instrument of his punishment." Shortly after Booth's death, his brother Edwin wrote to his sister Asia, "Think no more of him as your brother; he is dead to us now, as he soon must be to all the world, but imagine the boy you loved to be in that better part of his spirit, in another world." Asia also had in her possession a sealed letter that Booth had given her in January 1865 for safekeeping, only to be opened upon his death.


Question: how many black stripes does a zebra have

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Zebra [SEP] Stripes

Zebras are easily recognised by their bold black-and-white striping patterns. The belly and legs are white when unstriped, but the muzzle is dark and the skin underneath the coat is uniformly black. The general pattern is a dorsal line that extends from the forehead to the tail. From there, the stripes stretch downward except on the rump, where they develop species-specific patterns, and near the nose where they curve toward the nostrils. Stripes split above the front legs, creating shoulder stripes. The stripes on the legs, ears and tail are separate and horizontal. Zebras also have complex patterns around the eyes and the lower jaw.


Context: how many black stripes does a zebra have

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Question: what is this animal?

Answer: They  are African equines with distinctive black-and-white striped coats

Zebra [SEP] Introduction

Zebras (subgenus Hippotigris) are African equines with distinctive black-and-white striped coats. There are three extant species: the Grévy's zebra ("Equus grevyi"), plains zebra ("E. quagga") and the mountain zebra ("E. zebra"). Zebras share the genus "Equus" with horses and asses, the three groups being the only living members of the family Equidae. Zebra stripes come in different patterns, unique to each individual. Several theories have been proposed for the function of these stripes, with most evidence supporting them as a form of protection from biting flies. Zebras inhabit eastern and southern Africa and can be found in a variety of habitats such as savannahs, grasslands, woodlands, shrublands and mountainous areas.


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Context: what is this animal?

Context: They  are African equines with distinctive black-and-white striped coats

Question: who are its predators?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Zebra [SEP] Introduction


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Question: what is its scientific name?

Answer: Equus quagga

Explanation: Zebras are classified in the genus "Equus" (known as equines) along with horses and asses. These three groups are the only living members of the family Equidae. The plains zebra and mountain zebra were traditionally placed in the subgenus "Hippotigris" (C. H. Smith, 1841) in contrast to the Grévy's zebra which was considered the sole species of subgenus "Dolichohippus" (Heller, 1912). Groves and Bell (2004) placed all three species in the subgenus "Hippotigris". A 2013 phylogenetic study found that the plains zebra is more closely related to Grévy's zebras than mountain zebras. The extinct quagga was originally classified as a distinct species. Later genetic studies have placed it as the same species as the plains zebra, either a subspecies or just the southernmost population. Molecular evidence supports zebras as a monophyletic lineage.

Zebra [SEP] Taxonomy and evolution


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Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its scientific name?

Context: Equus quagga

Question: how do they communicate with each other?

Answer: Yes- by rubbing and sniffing their noses followed by rubbing their cheeks, moving their noses along their bodies and sniffing each other's genitals

Zebra [SEP] Communication

When meeting for the first time, or after they have separated, individuals may greet each other by rubbing and sniffing their noses followed by rubbing their cheeks, moving their noses along their bodies and sniffing each other's genitals. They then may rub and press their shoulders against each other and rest their heads on one another. This greeting is usually performed among harem or territorial males or among bachelor males playing. Plains and mountain zebras strengthen their social bonds with grooming. Members of a harem nip and scrape along the neck, withers, and back with their teeth and lips. Grooming usually occurs between mothers and foals and between stallions and mares.


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Context: Equus quagga

Context: how do they communicate with each other?

Context: Yes- by rubbing and sniffing their noses followed by rubbing their cheeks, moving their noses along their bodies and sniffing each other's genitals

Question: how long do they survive when they are captured?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Zebra [SEP] Communication


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Context: Equus quagga

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Question: is it under threat of extinction?

Answer: Yes-  the IUCN Red List of mammals lists the Grévy's zebra as endangered, the mountain zebra as vulnerable and the plains zebra as near-threatened

Zebra [SEP] Conservation

As of 2016–2019, the IUCN Red List of mammals lists the Grévy's zebra as endangered, the mountain zebra as vulnerable and the plains zebra as near-threatened. Grévy's zebra populations are estimated at less than 2,000 mature individuals, but they are stable. Mountain zebras number near 35,000 individuals and their population appears to be increasing. Plains zebra are estimated to number 150,000–250,000 with a decreasing population trend. Human intervention has fragmented zebra ranges and populations. Zebras are threatened by hunting for their hide and meat, and habitat change from farming. They also compete with livestock for food and water and fencing blocks their migration routes.


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Context: Equus quagga

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Context: is it under threat of extinction?

Context: Yes-  the IUCN Red List of mammals lists the Grévy's zebra as endangered, the mountain zebra as vulnerable and the plains zebra as near-threatened

Question: what is this list?

Answer: The International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species  is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species

IUCN Red List [SEP] Introduction

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. It uses a set of criteria to evaluate the extinction risk of thousands of species and subspecies. These criteria are relevant to all species and all regions of the world. With its strong scientific base, the IUCN Red List is recognized as the most authoritative guide to the status of biological diversity. A series of Regional Red Lists are produced by countries or organizations, which assess the risk of extinction to species within a political management unit.


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Context: what is this list?

Context: The International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species  is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species

Question: what are its different versions?

Answer: There have been a number of versions, dating from 1991

IUCN Red List [SEP] Versions

There have been a number of versions, dating from 1991, including:


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Context: what is this list?

Context: what are its different versions?

Context: There have been a number of versions, dating from 1991

Question: when was this system of lists introduced?

Answer: 1964

Explanation: The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1964

IUCN Red List [SEP] Introduction


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Context: Equus quagga

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Question: has it ever been criticised?

Answer: Yes, it received criticism on the grounds of secrecy surrounding the sources of its data

IUCN Red List [SEP] Criticism

In 1997, the IUCN Red List received criticism on the grounds of secrecy (or at least poor documentation) surrounding the sources of its data. These allegations have led to efforts by the IUCN to improve its documentation and data quality, and to include peer reviews of taxa on the Red List. The list is also open to petitions against its classifications, on the basis of documentation or criteria. It has been suggested that the IUCN Red List and similar works are prone to misuse by governments and other groups that draw possibly inappropriate conclusions on the state of the environment or to affect exploitation of natural resources.


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Context: Equus quagga

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Context: has it ever been criticised?

Context: Yes, it received criticism on the grounds of secrecy surrounding the sources of its data

Question: what are the features of the animal?

Answer: Zebra have barrel-chested bodies with tufted tails, elongated faces and long necks with long, erect manes

Zebra [SEP] Characteristics

As with all wild equines, zebra have barrel-chested bodies with tufted tails, elongated faces and long necks with long, erect manes. Their elongated, slender legs end in a single spade-shaped toe covered in a hard hoof. Their dentition is adapted for grazing; they have large incisors that clip grass blades and highly crowned, ridged molars well suited for grinding. Males have spade-shaped canines, which can be used as weapons in fighting. The eyes of zebras are at the sides and far up the head, which allows them to see above the tall grass while grazing. Their moderately long, erect ears are movable and can locate the source of a sound.


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Context: Zebra have barrel-chested bodies with tufted tails, elongated faces and long necks with long, erect manes

Question: how has it been depicted in the culture?

Answer: Zebras have been featured in African art and culture for millennia, they are depicted in rock art in Southern Africa dating from 28,000–20,000 years ago, though not as commonly as antelope species like eland, etc

Explanation: Zebras have been featured in African art and culture for millennia. They are depicted in rock art in Southern Africa dating from 28,000–20,000 years ago, though not as commonly as antelope species like eland. How the zebra got its stripes has been the subject of folk tales, some of which involve it being scorched by fire. The Maasai proverb "a man without culture is like a zebra without stripes" has become popular in Africa and beyond. The San people associated zebra stripes with water, rain and lighting because of its dazzling pattern, and water spirits were conceived of having zebra stripes.

Zebra [SEP] Cultural significance

With their distinctive black-and-white stripes, zebras are among the most recognisable mammals. They have been associated with beauty and grace, with naturalist Thomas Pennant describing them in 1781 as "the most elegant of quadrupeds". Zebras have been popular in photography, with some wildlife photographers describing them as the most photogenic animal. Zebras have become staples in children's stories and wildlife-themed art, such as depictions of Noah's Ark. They are known for being among the last animals to be featured in the dictionary and in children's alphabet books where they are often used to represent the letter 'Z'. Zebra stripes are also popularly used for body paintings, dress, furniture and architecture.


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Context: Equus quagga

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Context: how has it been depicted in the culture?

Context: Zebras have been featured in African art and culture for millennia, they are depicted in rock art in Southern Africa dating from 28,000–20,000 years ago, though not as commonly as antelope species like eland, etc

Question: what is this type of art?

Answer: In archaeology, rock art is human-made markings placed on natural surfaces, typically vertical stone surfaces

Rock art [SEP] Introduction

In archaeology, rock art is human-made markings placed on natural surfaces, typically vertical stone surfaces. A high proportion of surviving historic and prehistoric rock art is found in caves or partly enclosed rock shelters; this type also may be called cave art or parietal art. A global phenomenon, rock art is found in many culturally diverse regions of the world. It has been produced in many contexts throughout human history. In terms of technique, the main groups are: petroglyphs, which are carved or scratched into the rock surface, cave paintings, and sculpted rock reliefs. Another technique creates geoglyphs that are formed on the ground.


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Context: In archaeology, rock art is human-made markings placed on natural surfaces, typically vertical stone surfaces

Question: are they related to religion?

Answer: The creation of rock art was itself a ritual act

Explanation: In many instances, the creation of rock art was itself a ritual act.

Rock art [SEP] Religious interpretations


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Context: The creation of rock art was itself a ritual act

Question: when was this term first used?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


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Question: where has this type of art work been found?

Answer: Europe, Australia, Asia, and Africa

Explanation: . Another technique creates geoglyphs that are formed on the ground. The oldest known rock art dates from the Upper Palaeolithic period, having been found in Europe, Australia, Asia, and Africa.

Rock art [SEP] Introduction

The oldest known rock art dates from the Upper Palaeolithic period, having been found in Europe, Australia, Asia, and Africa. Anthropologists studying these artworks believe that they likely had magico-religious significance. The archaeological sub-discipline of rock art studies first developed in the late-19th century among Francophone scholars studying the rock art of the Upper Palaeolithic found in the cave systems of parts of Western Europe. Rock art continues to be of importance to indigenous peoples in various parts of the world, who view them as both sacred items and significant components of their cultural heritage. Such archaeological sites may become significant sources of cultural tourism and have been used in popular culture for their aesthetic qualities.


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Context: where has this type of art work been found?

Context: Europe, Australia, Asia, and Africa

Question: any particular place in the aforementioned first continent?

Answer: The Chauvet Cave in France, Lascaux in France, Alta Mira in Spain and Creswell Crags in Britain and Grotta del Genovese in Sicily

Rock art [SEP] Europe

In the Upper Palaeolithic of Europe, rock art was produced inside cave systems by the hunter-gatherer peoples who inhabited the continent. The oldest known example is the Chauvet Cave in France, although others have been located, including Lascaux in France, Alta Mira in Spain and Creswell Crags in Britain and Grotta del Genovese in Sicily. The late prehistoric rock art of Europe has been divided into three regions by archaeologists. In Atlantic Europe, the coastal seaboard on the west of the continent, which stretches from Iberia up through France and encompasses the British Isles, a variety of different rock arts were produced from the Neolithic through to the Late Bronze Age.


Question: president of the south in the civil war

Answer: Jefferson Finis Davis

Jefferson Davis [SEP] Introduction

Jefferson Finis Davis (June 3, 1808 – December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as the president of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865. As a member of the Democratic Party, he represented Mississippi in the United States Senate and the House of Representatives before the American Civil War. He previously served as the United States Secretary of War from 1853 to 1857 under President Franklin Pierce. Davis was born in Fairview, Kentucky, to a moderately prosperous farmer, the youngest of ten children. He grew up in Wilkinson County, Mississippi, and also lived in Louisiana. His eldest brother Joseph Emory Davis secured the younger Davis's appointment to the United States Military Academy.


Context:
president of the south in the civil war
Jefferson Finis Davis

Question: where is he from?

Answer: Fairview, Kentucky.

Jefferson Davis [SEP] Birth and family background

Jefferson Finis Davis was born at the family homestead in Fairview, Kentucky, on June 3, 1808. He sometimes gave his year of birth as 1807. He dropped his middle name in later life, although he sometimes used a middle initial. Davis was the youngest of ten children born to Jane (née Cook) and Samuel Emory Davis; his oldest brother Joseph Emory Davis was 23 years his senior. He was named after then-incumbent President Thomas Jefferson, whom his father admired. In the early 20th century, the Jefferson Davis State Historic Site was established near the site of Davis's birth. Coincidentally, Abraham Lincoln was born in Hodgenville, Kentucky, only eight months later, less than to the northeast of Fairview.


Context:
president of the south in the civil war
Jefferson Finis Davis
where is he from?
Fairview, Kentucky.

Question: when did he become president?

Answer: 1861

Explanation: Jefferson Finis Davis (June 3, 1808 – December 6, 1889) was an American politician who served as the president of the Confederate States from 1861 to 1865.

Jefferson Davis [SEP] Introduction


Context:
president of the south in the civil war
Jefferson Finis Davis
where is he from?
Fairview, Kentucky.
when did he become president?
1861

Question: was he into military?

Answer: Yes, he was assigned to the 1st Infantry Regiment.

Jefferson Davis [SEP] Early military career

Joseph arranged for Davis to get an appointment and attend the United States Military Academy (West Point) starting in late 1824. While there, he was placed under house arrest for his role in the Eggnog Riot during Christmas 1826. Cadets smuggled whiskey into the academy to make eggnog, and more than one-third of the cadets were involved in the incident. In June 1828, Davis graduated 23rd in a class of 33. Following graduation, Second Lieutenant Davis was assigned to the 1st Infantry Regiment and was stationed at Fort Crawford, Prairie du Chien, Michigan Territory. Zachary Taylor, a future president of the United States, had assumed command shortly before Davis arrived in early 1829.


Context: president of the south in the civil war

Context: Jefferson Finis Davis

Context: where is he from?

Context: Fairview, Kentucky.

Context: when did he become president?

Context: was he into military?

Context: Yes, he was assigned to the 1st Infantry Regiment.

Question: was he a part of any war?

Answer: Yes, Mexican–American War.

Jefferson Davis [SEP] Mexican–American War

In 1846 the Mexican–American War began. Davis raised a volunteer regiment, the Mississippi Rifles, becoming its colonel under the command of his former father-in-law, General Zachary Taylor. On July 21 the regiment sailed from New Orleans for Texas. Colonel Davis sought to arm his regiment with the M1841 Mississippi rifle. At this time, smoothbore muskets were still the primary infantry weapon, and any unit with rifles was considered special and designated as such. President James K. Polk had promised Davis the weapons if he would remain in Congress long enough for an important vote on the Walker tariff. General Winfield Scott objected on the basis that the weapons were insufficiently tested.


Context: president of the south in the civil war

Context: Jefferson Finis Davis

Context: where is he from?

Context: Fairview, Kentucky.

Context: when did he become president?

Context: was he into military?

Context: was he a part of any war?

Context: Yes, Mexican–American War.

Question: was he a writer?

Answer: Yes, his early working title became "Our Cause," for he believed he could convert others to the rightness of the Confederacy's actions.

Jefferson Davis [SEP] Author

Joseph Davis had encouraged his brother to write his memoirs just after his release from prison, but Davis had responded that he was not capable of doing so, either physically nor emotionally. His wartime assistant Preston Johnston had also encouraged Davis three years later. As Davis began to seriously consider the memoir endeavor in 1869, his early working title became "Our Cause," for he believed he could convert others to the rightness of the Confederacy's actions. In 1875, unable to come to terms with Preston Johnston, Davis authorized William T. Walthall, a former Confederate officer and Carolina Life agent in Mobile, Alabama, to look for a publisher for the proposed book.


Context: president of the south in the civil war

Context: Jefferson Finis Davis

Context: where is he from?

Context: Fairview, Kentucky.

Context: when did he become president?

Context: was he into military?

Context: was he a part of any war?

Context: Yes, Mexican–American War.

Context: was he a writer?

Context: Yes, his early working title became "Our Cause," for he believed he could convert others to the rightness of the Confederacy's actions.

Question: where was he buried after death?

Answer: Richmond, Virginia, at Hollywood Cemetery.

Jefferson Davis [SEP] Death and burials

Although initially laid to rest in New Orleans in the Army of Northern Virginia tomb at Metairie Cemetery, in 1893 Davis was reinterred in Richmond, Virginia, at Hollywood Cemetery, per his widow's request. Before his death, Davis left the location of his burial up to Varina, but within a day of his death "The New York Times" proclaimed Richmond wanted his body. Varina Davis had refused to accept direct charity, but let it be known that she would accept financial help through the Davis Land Company. Soon, many tourists in New Orleans visited the mausoleum. Several other locations in the South wanted Davis's remains.


Context: president of the south in the civil war

Context: Jefferson Finis Davis

Context: where is he from?

Context: Fairview, Kentucky.

Context: when did he become president?

Context: was he into military?

Context: was he a part of any war?

Context: Yes, Mexican–American War.

Context: was he a writer?

Context: where was he buried after death?

Context: Richmond, Virginia, at Hollywood Cemetery.

Question: did this first place witness any fight?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Jefferson Davis [SEP] Death and burials

On November 6, 1889, Davis left Beauvoir to visit his Brierfield plantation. He embarked a steamboat in New Orleans during sleety rain and fell ill during the trip, so that he initially felt too sick to disembark at his stop, and spent the night upriver in Vicksburg before making his way to the plantation the next day. He refused to send for a doctor for four days before embarking on his return trip. Meanwhile, servants sent Varina a telegram, and she took a train to New Orleans, and then a steamboat upriver, finally reaching the vessel on which her husband was returning.


Context: president of the south in the civil war

Context: Jefferson Finis Davis

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Context: Fairview, Kentucky.

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Context: was he a part of any war?

Context: Yes, Mexican–American War.

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Question: which large companies are part of it?

Answer: ; CarMax; Owens & Minor and Genworth Financial.

Richmond, Virginia [SEP] Fortune 500 companies and other large corporations

The Greater Richmond area was named the third-best city for business by MarketWatch in September 2007, ranking behind only the Minneapolis and Denver areas and just above Boston. The area is home to six Fortune 500 companies: electric utility Dominion Resources; CarMax; Owens & Minor; Genworth Financial, MeadWestvaco/ WestRock, and Altria Group. However, only Dominion Resources is headquartered within the city of Richmond; the others are located in the neighboring counties of Henrico and Hanover. In 2008, Altria moved its corporate HQ from New York City to Henrico County, adding another Fortune 500 corporation to Richmond's list. In February 2006, MeadWestvaco announced that they would move from Stamford, Connecticut, to Richmond in 2008 with the help of the Greater Richmond Partnership, a regional economic development organization that also helped locate Aditya Birla Minacs, Amazon.com, and Honeywell International, to the region.


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Context: Jefferson Finis Davis

Context: where is he from?

Context: Fairview, Kentucky.

Context: when did he become president?

Context: was he into military?

Context: was he a part of any war?

Context: Yes, Mexican–American War.

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Context: which large companies are part of it?

Context: ; CarMax; Owens & Minor and Genworth Financial.

Question: who owns the last company?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: president of the south in the civil war

Context: Jefferson Finis Davis

Context: where is he from?

Context: Fairview, Kentucky.

Context: when did he become president?

Context: was he into military?

Context: was he a part of any war?

Context: Yes, Mexican–American War.

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Question: which products or services does it provides?

Answer: Life insurance

Explanation: Life insurance was the company’s first product. As of December 2013, Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company and Genworth Life Insurance Company had over $728 billion insurance in forc

Genworth Financial [SEP] Products and services

Life insurance was the company's first product. As of December 2013, Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company and Genworth Life Insurance Company had over $728 billion insurance in force. Genworth Financial offers a range of products and services, including long-term care insurance and mortgage insurance. The long-term care business provides individual long-term care insurance, group long-term care insurance for employers offering benefits to employees, and caregiver support services. Prior to 2016, the company offered term life insurance, whole life insurance, universal life insurance, and index universal life insurance, as well as annuities, including fixed immediate annuities, traditional fixed deferred annuities, and fixed index annuities.


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Context: Jefferson Finis Davis

Context: where is he from?

Context: Fairview, Kentucky.

Context: when did he become president?

Context: was he into military?

Context: was he a part of any war?

Context: Yes, Mexican–American War.

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Context: which products or services does it provides?

Context: Life insurance

Question: what is meant by this term you used just now?

Answer: A contract between an insurance policy holder and an insurer or assurer.

Life insurance [SEP] Introduction

Life insurance (or life assurance, especially in the Commonwealth of Nations) is a contract between an insurance policy holder and an insurer or assurer, where the insurer promises to pay a designated beneficiary a sum of money (the benefit) in exchange for a premium, upon the death of an insured person (often the policy holder). Depending on the contract, other events such as terminal illness or critical illness can also trigger payment. The policy holder typically pays a premium, either regularly or as one lump sum. Other expenses, such as funeral expenses, can also be included in the benefits. Life policies are legal contracts and the terms of the contract describe the limitations of the insured events.


Question: when did the practice of only using women’s names to name hurricanes end

Answer: 2000

History of tropical cyclone naming [SEP] Introduction

This system of naming fell into disuse for several years after Wragge retired, until it was revived in the latter part of World War II for the Western Pacific. Over the following decades formal naming schemes were introduced for several tropical cyclone basins, including the North and South Atlantic, Eastern, Central, Western and Southern Pacific basins as well as the Australian region and Indian Ocean. However, there has been controversy over the names used at various times, with names being dropped for religious and political reasons. Female names were exclusively used in the basins at various times between 1945 and 2000, and were the subject of several protests.


Context: when did the practice of only using women’s names to name hurricanes end

Question: when did the practice of naming cyclones after people emerge?

Answer: Between 1887 and 1907

The practice of using names to identify tropical cyclones goes back several centuries, with storms named after places, saints or things they hit before the formal start of naming in each basin. Examples of such names are the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane (also known as the "San Felipe II" hurricane) and the 1938 New England hurricane. The system currently in place provides identification of tropical cyclones in a brief form that is easily understood and recognized by the public. The credit for the first usage of personal names for weather systems is given to the Queensland Government Meteorologist Clement Wragge, who named tropical cyclones and anticyclones between 1887 and 1907.


Context: when did the practice of naming cyclones after people emerge?

Context: Between 1887 and 1907

Question: and how are they named now?

Answer: They are officially named by one of eleven warning centres and retain their names throughout their lifetimes

History of tropical cyclone naming [SEP] Modern day

At present tropical cyclones are officially named by one of eleven warning centres and retain their names throughout their lifetimes to provide ease of communication between forecasters and the general public regarding forecasts, watches, and warnings. Due to the potential for longevity and multiple concurrent storms, the names are thought to reduce the confusion about what storm is being described. Names are assigned in order from predetermined lists once storms have one, three, or ten-minute sustained wind speeds of more than depending on which basin it originates in. However, standards vary from basin to basin, with some tropical depressions named in the Western Pacific, while tropical cyclones have to have gale-force winds occurring near the center before they are named within the Southern Hemisphere.


Context: Between 1887 and 1907

Context: and how are they named now?

Context: They are officially named by one of eleven warning centres and retain their names throughout their lifetimes

Question: can you explain this geographical phenomenon in brief?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: Between 1887 and 1907

Context: and how are they named now?

Context: can you explain this geographical phenomenon in brief?

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Question: can you name a few of them that occurred in recent times?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: Between 1887 and 1907

Context: and how are they named now?

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Context: can you name a few of them that occurred in recent times?

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Question: can you name some regions that are prone to these?

Answer: Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Pacific Ocean, northwestern Pacific Ocean; in the south Pacific or Indian Ocean

Tropical cyclone [SEP] Introduction

A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain or squalls. Depending on its location and strength, a tropical cyclone is referred to by different names, including hurricane (), typhoon (), tropical storm, cyclonic storm, tropical depression, and simply cyclone. A hurricane is a tropical cyclone that occurs in the Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Pacific Ocean, and a typhoon occurs in the northwestern Pacific Ocean; in the south Pacific or Indian Ocean, comparable storms are referred to simply as "tropical cyclones" or "severe cyclonic storms".


Context: Between 1887 and 1907

Context: and how are they named now?

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Context: can you name some regions that are prone to these?

Context: Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Pacific Ocean, northwestern Pacific Ocean; in the south Pacific or Indian Ocean

Question: have they been impacted by changing climate over the years?

Answer: Yes

Tropical cyclone [SEP] Climate change

Climate change can affect tropical cyclones in a variety of ways: an intensification of rainfall and wind speed, a decrease in overall frequency, an increase in frequency of very intense storms and a poleward extension of where the cyclones reach maximum intensity are among the possible consequences of human-induced climate change. Tropical cyclones use warm, moist air as their fuel. As climate change is warming ocean temperatures, there is potentially more of this fuel available. Between 1979 and 2017, there was a global increase in the proportion of tropical cyclones of Category 3 and higher on the Saffir–Simpson scale. The trend was most clear in the North Atlantic and in the Southern Indian Ocean.


Context: Between 1887 and 1907

Context: and how are they named now?

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Context: have they been impacted by changing climate over the years?

Context: Yes

Question: how?

Answer: An intensification of rainfall and wind speed, a decrease in overall frequency, are some of them

Tropical cyclone [SEP] Climate change


Context: Between 1887 and 1907

Context: and how are they named now?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes

Context: how?

Context: An intensification of rainfall and wind speed, a decrease in overall frequency, are some of them

Question: how large is the first ocean you were talking about?

Answer: It is the second-largest; covers approximately 20 percent of Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area

Atlantic Ocean [SEP] Introduction

The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20 percent of Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area. It separates the "Old World" from the "New World". The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Europe and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west. As one component of the interconnected World Ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south (other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica).


Context: Between 1887 and 1907

Context: and how are they named now?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes

Context: how?

Context: how large is the first ocean you were talking about?

Context: It is the second-largest; covers approximately 20 percent of Earth's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area

Question: what is the salt content of its waters like?

Answer: It is the saltiest; 33 to 37 parts per thousand (3.3–3.7%)

Atlantic Ocean [SEP] Salinity

On average, the Atlantic is the saltiest major ocean; surface water salinity in the open ocean ranges from 33 to 37 parts per thousand (3.3–3.7%) by mass and varies with latitude and season. Evaporation, precipitation, river inflow and sea ice melting influence surface salinity values. Although the lowest salinity values are just north of the equator (because of heavy tropical rainfall), in general, the lowest values are in the high latitudes and along coasts where large rivers enter. Maximum salinity values occur at about 25° north and south, in subtropical regions with low rainfall and high evaporation. The high surface salinity in the Atlantic, on which the Atlantic thermohaline circulation is dependent, is maintained by two processes: the Agulhas Leakage/Rings, which brings salty Indian Ocean waters into the South Atlantic, and the "Atmospheric Bridge", which evaporates subtropical Atlantic waters and exports it to the Pacific.


Question: where is europa located in the solar system

Answer: It is orbiting Jupiter, and the sixth-closest to the planet of all the 79 known moons of Jupiter

Europa (moon) [SEP] Introduction

Europa , or Jupiter II, is the smallest of the four Galilean moons orbiting Jupiter, and the sixth-closest to the planet of all the 79 known moons of Jupiter. It is also the sixth-largest moon in the Solar System. Europa was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei and was named after Europa, the Phoenician mother of King Minos of Crete and lover of Zeus (the Greek equivalent of the Roman god Jupiter). Slightly smaller than Earth's Moon, Europa is primarily made of silicate rock and has a water-ice crust and probably an iron–nickel core. It has a very thin atmosphere, composed primarily of oxygen.


Context: where is europa located in the solar system

Context: It is orbiting Jupiter, and the sixth-closest to the planet of all the 79 known moons of Jupiter

Question: when was it discovered?

Answer: 1610

Explanation: Europa was discovered in 1610

Europa (moon) [SEP] Introduction


Context: when was it discovered?

Question: by whom?

Answer: Galileo Galilei

Explanation: Europa was discovered in 1610 by Galileo Galilei

Europa (moon) [SEP] Introduction


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Question: state any one of its features?

Answer: It is the smoothest known object in the Solar System, lacking large-scale features such as mountains and craters

Europa (moon) [SEP] Surface features

Europa is the smoothest known object in the Solar System, lacking large-scale features such as mountains and craters. However, according to one study, Europa's equator may be covered in icy spikes called penitentes, which may be up to 15 meters high, due to direct overhead sunlight on the equator, causing the ice to sublime, forming vertical cracks. Although the imaging available from the "Galileo" orbiter does not have the resolution needed to confirm this, radar and thermal data are consistent with this interpretation. The prominent markings crisscrossing Europa appear to be mainly albedo features that emphasize low topography. There are few craters on Europa, because its surface is tectonically too active and therefore young.


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Context: state any one of its features?

Context: It is the smoothest known object in the Solar System, lacking large-scale features such as mountains and craters

Question: what is it composed of?

Answer: Salts such as magnesium sulfate, sulfuric acid hydrate or abiotic organic compounds collectively called tholins

Europa (moon) [SEP] Composition

Spectrographic evidence suggests that the dark, reddish streaks and features on Europa's surface may be rich in salts such as magnesium sulfate, deposited by evaporating water that emerged from within. Sulfuric acid hydrate is another possible explanation for the contaminant observed spectroscopically. In either case, because these materials are colorless or white when pure, some other material must also be present to account for the reddish color, and sulfur compounds are suspected. Another hypothesis for the colored regions is that they are composed of abiotic organic compounds collectively called tholins. The morphology of Europa's impact craters and ridges is suggestive of fluidized material welling up from the fractures where pyrolysis and radiolysis take place.


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Context: state any one of its features?

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: Salts such as magnesium sulfate, sulfuric acid hydrate or abiotic organic compounds collectively called tholins

Question: who was this above person you mentioned?

Answer: Astronomer, physicist and engineer

Explanation: Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (; 15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642) was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer

Galileo Galilei [SEP] Introduction

His contributions to observational astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the observation of the four largest satellites of Jupiter, the observation of Saturn's rings, and the analysis of sunspots. Galileo's championing of heliocentrism and Copernicanism met with opposition from within the Catholic Church and from some astronomers. The matter was investigated by the Roman Inquisition in 1615, which concluded that heliocentrism was "foolish and absurd in philosophy, and formally heretical since it explicitly contradicts in many places the sense of Holy Scripture".


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Context: state any one of its features?

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who was this above person you mentioned?

Context: Astronomer, physicist and engineer

Question: can you mention some other notable works of him?

Answer: Invention of the thermoscope and various military compasses, telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the observation of the four largest satellites of Jupiter, the observation of Saturn's rings, and the analysis of sunspots

Explanation: also worked in applied science and technology, describing the properties of pendulums and "hydrostatic balances", inventing the thermoscope and various military compasses, and using the telescope for scientific observations of celestial objects. His contributions to observational astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the observation of the four largest satellites of Jupiter, the observation of Saturn's rings, and the analysis of sunspots.

Galileo Galilei [SEP] Introduction


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Context: state any one of its features?

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: Astronomer, physicist and engineer

Context: can you mention some other notable works of him?

Context: Invention of the thermoscope and various military compasses, telescopic confirmation of the phases of Venus, the observation of the four largest satellites of Jupiter, the observation of Saturn's rings, and the analysis of sunspots

Question: the first invention that you mentioned just now; what is that?

Answer: A device that shows changes in temperature

Thermoscope [SEP] Introduction

A thermoscope is a device that shows changes in temperature. A typical design is a tube in which a liquid rises and falls as the temperature changes. The modern thermometer gradually evolved from it with the addition of a scale in the early 17th century and standardisation through the 17th and 18th centuries.


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Context: state any one of its features?

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: Astronomer, physicist and engineer

Context: the first invention that you mentioned just now; what is that?

Context: A device that shows changes in temperature

Question: when was it invented?

Answer: 1593

Thermoscope [SEP] History

It is confirmed that Galileo Galilei discovered the specific principle on which the device is based and invented the first thermoscope in 1593. Galileo mentioned to his friend Cesare Marsili that he invented a thermoscope as far back as 1606. The inventor could be his physician friend Santorio Santorio or another person of the learned circle in Venice of which they were members. What is certain is that the thermoscope has started circulating in market squares during Galileo's time. The development of the actual device is attributed to four inventors namely, Galileo, Santorio Santorio, Robert Fludd, and Cornelius Drebbel. However, the general pneumatic principle of the thermoscope was used in the Hellenic period, and it was written about even earlier, by Empedocles of Agrigentum in his 460 B.C.


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Context: state any one of its features?

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: Astronomer, physicist and engineer

Context: when was it invented?

Question: what theories did the above person have on tides?

Answer: The tides were caused by the sloshing back and forth of water in the seas as a point on the Earth's surface sped up and slowed down because of the Earth's rotation on its axis and revolution around the Sun

Galileo Galilei [SEP] Theory of tides

Cardinal Bellarmine had written in 1615 that the Copernican system could not be defended without "a true physical demonstration that the sun does not circle the earth but the earth circles the sun". Galileo considered his theory of the tides to provide such evidence. This theory was so important to him that he originally intended to call his "Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems" the "Dialogue on the Ebb and Flow of the Sea". The reference to tides was removed from the title by order of the Inquisition. For Galileo, the tides were caused by the sloshing back and forth of water in the seas as a point on the Earth's surface sped up and slowed down because of the Earth's rotation on its axis and revolution around the Sun.


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Context: state any one of its features?

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: Astronomer, physicist and engineer

Context: when was it invented?

Context: what theories did the above person have on tides?

Context: The tides were caused by the sloshing back and forth of water in the seas as a point on the Earth's surface sped up and slowed down because of the Earth's rotation on its axis and revolution around the Sun

Question: was he involved in any controversial theory?

Answer: Yes. Over the nature of comets and his defense of heliocentrism based on his astronomical observations of 1609

Galileo Galilei [SEP] Controversy over comets and "The Assayer"

In 1619, Galileo became embroiled in a controversy with Father Orazio Grassi, professor of mathematics at the Jesuit Collegio Romano. It began as a dispute over the nature of comets, but by the time Galileo had published "The Assayer" ("Il Saggiatore") in 1623, his last salvo in the dispute, it had become a much wider controversy over the very nature of science itself. The title page of the book describes Galileo as philosopher and "Matematico Primario" of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. Because "The Assayer" contains such a wealth of Galileo's ideas on how science should be practised, it has been referred to as his scientific manifesto.


Context: when was it discovered?

Context: by whom?

Context: Galileo Galilei

Context: state any one of its features?

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: Astronomer, physicist and engineer

Context: when was it invented?

Context: was he involved in any controversial theory?

Context: Yes. Over the nature of comets and his defense of heliocentrism based on his astronomical observations of 1609

Question: what kind of written documents did he have?

Answer: His writings include the 1586 tract entitled "The Little Balance" and the 1606 printed manual "Le Operazioni del Compasso Geometrico et Militare"

Galileo Galilei [SEP] Writings

Galileo's early works describing scientific instruments include the 1586 tract entitled "The Little Balance" ("La Billancetta") describing an accurate balance to weigh objects in air or water and the 1606 printed manual "Le Operazioni del Compasso Geometrico et Militare" on the operation of a geometrical and military compass. His early works on dynamics, the science of motion and mechanics were his "circa" 1590 Pisan "De Motu" (On Motion) and his "circa" 1600 Paduan "Le Meccaniche" (Mechanics). The former was based on Aristotelian–Archimedean fluid dynamics and held that the speed of gravitational fall in a fluid medium was proportional to the excess of a body's specific weight over that of the medium, whereby in a vacuum, bodies would fall with speeds in proportion to their specific weights.


Question: where does the name iron maiden come from

Answer: They are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris.

Iron Maiden [SEP] Introduction

Iron Maiden are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris. The band's discography has grown to 40 albums, including 16 studio albums, 13 live albums, four EPs, and seven compilations. Pioneers of the new wave of British heavy metal, Iron Maiden achieved initial success during the early 1980s. After several line-up changes, the band went on to release a series of UK and US platinum and gold albums, including 1982's "The Number of the Beast", 1983's "Piece of Mind", 1984's "Powerslave", 1985's live release "Live After Death", 1986's "Somewhere in Time", and 1988's "Seventh Son of a Seventh Son".


Context: where does the name iron maiden come from

Context: They are an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, East London, in 1975 by bassist and primary songwriter Steve Harris.

Question: who were the band members?

Answer: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Iron Maiden [SEP] Early years (1975–1978)

A few months later, Dennis Wilcock decided to leave Iron Maiden to form his own band, V1, and Dave Murray was immediately reinstated. As he preferred to be the band's sole guitarist, Wapram disapproved of Murray's return, and was also dismissed. Harris, Murray, and Sampson spent the summer and autumn of 1978 rehearsing while they searched for a singer to complete the band's new line-up. A chance meeting at the Red Lion pub in Leytonstone in November 1978 evolved into a successful audition for vocalist Paul Di'Anno. Steve Harris stated, "There's sort of a quality in Paul's voice, a raspiness in his voice, or whatever you want to call it, that just gave it this great edge." At this time, Murray would typically act as their sole guitarist, with Harris commenting, "Davey was so good he could do a lot of it on his own.


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Question: what is the genre of their music?

Answer: Heavy metal.

Iron Maiden [SEP] Introduction


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Question: which are some of their famous songs of all time?

Answer: "Run to the Hills" and "The Number of the Beast" are two of them.

The Number of the Beast (album) [SEP] Introduction

The Number of the Beast is the third studio album by English heavy metal band Iron Maiden. It was released on 22 March 1982 in the United Kingdom by EMI Records and in the United States by Harvest and Capitol Records. The album was their first to feature vocalist Bruce Dickinson and their last with drummer Clive Burr. "The Number of the Beast" was met with critical and commercial success, and became the band's first album to top the UK Albums Chart and reach the top 40 of the US "Billboard" 200. The album produced the singles "Run to the Hills" and "The Number of the Beast", the former of which became the band's first top-ten UK single.


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: which are some of their famous songs of all time?

Context: "Run to the Hills" and "The Number of the Beast" are two of them.

Question: who was the lead guitarist of this band?

Answer: Steve Harris

Iron Maiden were formed on Christmas Day, 25 December 1975 by bassist Steve Harris shortly after he left his previous group, Smiler. Harris attributed the band's name to a film adaptation of "The Man in the Iron Mask" from the novel by Alexandre Dumas, the title of which reminded him of the iron maiden torture device. After months of rehearsal, Iron Maiden made their debut at St. Nicks Hall in Poplar on 1 May 1976, before taking up a semi-residency at the Cart and Horses Pub in Maryland, Stratford. The original line-up was short-lived, with vocalist Paul Day being the first casualty as, according to Harris, he lacked "energy or charisma on stage".


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: who was the lead guitarist of this band?

Context: Steve Harris

Question: when was the first song released?

Answer: 12 February 1982

Run to the Hills [SEP] Original 1982 release

The song was released as a single on 12 February 1982; more than 5 weeks prior to the album's release on 22 March 1982. The single marked Iron Maiden's debut release with new vocalist Bruce Dickinson. "Total Eclipse" was selected as the single's B-side over the song "Gangland", which in turn would appear on the initial version of the album. The band later regretted this decision, with Steve Harris commenting, "We chose the wrong track as the B-side. I think if "Total Eclipse" had been on the album instead of "Gangland", it would have been far better." The song was added to "The Number of the Beast" album when it was remastered in 1998, and was also included in the original Japanese version.


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Question: what is its album name?

Answer: The Number of the Beast

Run to the Hills [SEP] Introduction

"Run to the Hills" is a song by the English heavy metal band Iron Maiden. It was released as their sixth single and the first from the band's third studio album, "The Number of the Beast" (1982). It is their first single with Bruce Dickinson as vocalist. Credited solely to the band's bassist, Steve Harris, although significant contributions were made by Dickinson, it remains one of their most popular songs, with VH1 ranking it No. 27 on their list of the 40 Greatest Metal Songs and No. 14 on their list of the Greatest Hard Rock Songs. A live version of the song, from "Live After Death", was released in 1985 and the original single was reissued in 2002, with all income donated to former drummer Clive Burr's MS Trust Fund.


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Context: what is its album name?

Context: The Number of the Beast

Question: has the song been appeared in any media?

Answer: It is featured in the soundtracks of several video games, "SSX on Tour” is one of them.

Explanation: The song is also featured in the soundtracks of several video games, including "SSX on Tour" (2005) as the title's main theme, and "" (2009).

Run to the Hills [SEP] Appearances in media

In addition, a cover version is featured in "Rock Band" (2007), in which it received an "Impossible" difficulty rating, while the original version was made available via download in June 2009.


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Context: what is its album name?

Context: The Number of the Beast

Context: has the song been appeared in any media?

Context: It is featured in the soundtracks of several video games, "SSX on Tour” is one of them.

Question: what is the theme of this song?

Answer: It documents the colonization of the Americas, first by Europeans and then by Americans, from the perspective of a Cree Indian and American cavalryman.

Run to the Hills [SEP] Themes

The song documents the colonization of the Americas, first by Europeans and then by Americans, from the perspective of a Cree Indian and American cavalryman. The opening verse is from the perspective of the Cree, describing his troubles as the European Americans "came across the sea", bringing the Cree "pain and misery". The song is written from both perspectives, The second verse is from the perspective of a U.S. cavalry soldier, describing his involvement in the American Indian Wars, "chasing the redskins back to their holes". The third verse is not from the perspective of any single individual, and harshly condemns the effects of American expansionism on Native Americans, resulting in the "[Americans] raping the women and wasting the men", and "enslaving the young and destroying the old".


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Context: what is its album name?

Context: The Number of the Beast

Context: what is the theme of this song?

Context: It documents the colonization of the Americas, first by Europeans and then by Americans, from the perspective of a Cree Indian and American cavalryman.

Question: where was the above mentioned video game released?

Answer: It was released in North America on October 11, 2005 and in the PAL region on October 21, 2005.

SSX on Tour [SEP] Introduction

SSX on Tour is a snowboarding and skiing game, the fourth title in the "SSX" series of video games for the GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox and PlayStation Portable. It was released in North America on October 11, 2005 and in the PAL region on October 21, 2005. The PlayStation Portable version was released in the Europe on October 28, 2005. In 2007, a prequel titled "SSX Blur" was released, which took place between "SSX 3" and "SSX On Tour". The GameCube version contains Mario, Luigi, and Princess Peach as playable characters. This was part of a deal Nintendo had with EA Sports to have Nintendo's intellectual properties appear in EA franchises.


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Context: what is its album name?

Context: The Number of the Beast

Context: what is the theme of this song?

Context: where was the above mentioned video game released?

Context: It was released in North America on October 11, 2005 and in the PAL region on October 21, 2005.

Question: what critical responses it received?

Answer: The game received favourable reviews on all platforms.

SSX on Tour [SEP] Reception

The game received "favorable" reviews on all platforms according to video game review aggregator Metacritic. In Japan, "Famitsu" gave the GameCube and PS2 versions a score of one nine and three eights, bringing it to a total of 33 out of 40; for the PSP version, the same magazine gave it a score of three eights and one seven, while "Famitsu Cube + Advance" also gave the GameCube version three eights and one seven, both for a total of 31 out of 40.


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Context: what is its album name?

Context: The Number of the Beast

Context: what is the theme of this song?

Context: what critical responses it received?

Context: The game received favourable reviews on all platforms.

Question: what is this game about?

Answer: It is a snowboarding and skiing game.

Explanation: SSX on Tour is a snowboarding and skiing game, the fourth title in the "SSX" series of video games for the GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox and PlayStation Portable.

SSX on Tour [SEP] Introduction


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Context: what is its album name?

Context: The Number of the Beast

Context: what is the theme of this song?

Context: what critical responses it received?

Context: what is this game about?

Context: It is a snowboarding and skiing game.

Question: how did the above mentioned album commercially perform?

Answer: It was a commercial success. "The New York Times" reported in 2010 that 14 million copies have been sold worldwide.

The Number of the Beast (album) [SEP] Commercial performance

"The Number of the Beast" was a commercial success. "The New York Times" reported in 2010 that 14 million copies have been sold worldwide. It was the band's first record to top the UK charts, entering at No.1 on 10 April, maintaining the top position for a further week, and remaining in the Top 75 for a total of 31 weeks. It entered the "Billboard" 200 at No.150 and peaked at No.33. The album reached the top ten in Austria and Sweden, and No.11 and No.13 in Canada and Norway, respectively. It was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) and gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on 4 October 1983 (eventually going platinum in 1986).


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Context: what is its album name?

Context: The Number of the Beast

Context: what is the theme of this song?

Context: what critical responses it received?

Context: what is this game about?

Context: It is a snowboarding and skiing game.

Context: how did the above mentioned album commercially perform?

Context: It was a commercial success. "The New York Times" reported in 2010 that 14 million copies have been sold worldwide.

Question: was there any controversy regarding the album or its songs?

Answer: Yes, the album was strongly opposed by social conservatives, especially in the United States, where Iron Maiden were accused of being Satanists.

The Number of the Beast (album) [SEP] Reception and controversy

The album was strongly opposed by social conservatives – especially in the United States, where Iron Maiden were accused of being Satanists. Public burnings of the band's catalogue were organised, although some religious groups smashed the records with hammers, for fear of inhaling fumes from burning vinyl. The Beast on the Road tour was subject to numerous boycotts and demonstrations: venues were sometimes surrounded by activists who handed out leaflets and, in one case, a 25-foot cross was carried in protest. Harris has stated, "It was mad. They completely got the wrong end of the stick. They obviously hadn't read the lyrics.


Context: who were the band members?

Context: Harris, Murray, and Sampson.

Context: what is the genre of their music?

Context: Heavy metal.

Context: Steve Harris

Context: when was the first song released?

Context: 12 February 1982

Context: what is its album name?

Context: The Number of the Beast

Context: what is the theme of this song?

Context: what critical responses it received?

Context: what is this game about?

Context: It is a snowboarding and skiing game.

Context: was there any controversy regarding the album or its songs?

Context: Yes, the album was strongly opposed by social conservatives, especially in the United States, where Iron Maiden were accused of being Satanists.

Question: does it has any other versions?

Answer: Yes, it has been redone by many bands, "Dream Theater” being one of them.

Explanation:
On 24 October 2002, progressive metal outfit Dream Theater played the original album in its entirety at La Mutualité in Paris, France. The performance was recorded and has been released through the band's YtseJam Records label.

"Run to the Hills" was covered on the tribute album "Numbers From The Beast", featuring vocalist Robin McAuley, guitarists Michael Schenker and Pete Fletcher, bassist Tony Franklin and drummer Brian Tichy.

The Number of the Beast (album) [SEP] Versions and performances by other artists

"Hallowed Be Thy Name" has also been covered by Machine Head on "", which was released by "Kerrang!" magazine in 2008, and by Cradle of Filth, while the title track has also been covered by Billy Corgan's band Djali Zwan on the soundtrack of the film "Spun". Acoustic reinterpretations of "Children of the Damned" and "22 Acacia Avenue" were included on the album "Across The Seventh Sea" (2012) by the tribute project Maiden uniteD.