Context: who fought in it?

Context: who commanded the americans?

Context: Alexander Patch.

Context: who commanded the japanese?

Context: Harukichi Hyakutake.

Context: who won?

Context: United States.

Context: what animals are found in this place?

Context: Estuarine crocodiles.

Context: and which birds?

Context: Yes, Second World War.

Context: you mentioned an american commander for the battle, where was he born?

Context: Fort Huachuca, Arizona.

Question: do you know when?

Answer: November 23, 1889.

Alexander Patch [SEP] Introduction

Alexander McCarrell Patch (November 23, 1889 – November 21, 1945) was a senior United States Army officer who fought in both World War I and World War II, rising to rank of general. During World War II he commanded U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps forces during the Guadalcanal Campaign, and the U.S. Seventh Army on the Western Front. With an invasion of Japan still an apparent likelihood, Patch returned to the U.S. in August 1945 to take charge of the Fourth Army headquartered at the Fort Sam Houston, Texas. He died in November 1945 at 55, his health having been ravaged during his time in the Pacific early in the war.


Context: what is the battle of mount austen, the galloping horse, and the sea horse?

Context: It is sometimes called the Battle of the Gifu, took place from 15 December 1942 to 23 January 1943.

Context: who fought in it?

Context: United States and Imperial Japanese forces.

Context: who commanded the americans?

Context: Alexander Patch.

Context: who commanded the japanese?

Context: Harukichi Hyakutake.

Context: who won?

Context: United States.

Context: can you please tell me where exactly did this battle take?

Context: Near the Matanikau River area on Guadalcanal.

Context: what animals are found in this place?

Context: Estuarine crocodiles.

Context: and which birds?

Context: Chestnut-bellied imperial pigeons, Woodford's rails and Guadalcanal moustached kingfishers.

Context: was this place part of any war apart from the one that we were talking about before?

Context: Yes, Second World War.

Context: Fort Huachuca, Arizona.

Context: do you know when?

Context: November 23, 1889.

Question: where did he study?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Alexander Patch [SEP] Introduction


Context: who fought in it?

Context: who commanded the americans?

Context: Alexander Patch.

Context: who commanded the japanese?

Context: Harukichi Hyakutake.

Context: who won?

Context: United States.

Context: what animals are found in this place?

Context: Estuarine crocodiles.

Context: and which birds?

Context: Yes, Second World War.

Context: Fort Huachuca, Arizona.

Context: do you know when?

Context: November 23, 1889.

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when did he join the army?

Answer: June 12, 1913.

Explanation: He originally wanted to join the Cavalry Branch, but, realizing that it was becoming obsolete, he instead chose the Infantry Branch of the U.S. Army, and was commissioned on June 12, 1913,

Alexander Patch [SEP] Early life and military career

He then attended the British Army's Machine Gun School in England and commanded the 3rd Machine Gun Battalion of the 1st Division until April 1918, when he then went on to direct the U.S. Army's Machine Gun School until October. Towards the end of 1918, returning to the 18th Infantry, he fought in the Second Battle of the Marne, the Battle of Saint-Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive, the largest battle in the history of the United States Army. His leadership came to the attention of Colonel George Marshall, then a member of General John J. Pershing's staff. The war came to an end on November 11, 1918, at 11:00am, by which time Patch was a lieutenant colonel, having been promoted to the rank a month before, and major the previous January.


Context: who fought in it?

Context: who commanded the americans?

Context: Alexander Patch.

Context: who commanded the japanese?

Context: Harukichi Hyakutake.

Context: who won?

Context: United States.

Context: what animals are found in this place?

Context: Estuarine crocodiles.

Context: and which birds?

Context: Yes, Second World War.

Context: Fort Huachuca, Arizona.

Context: do you know when?

Context: November 23, 1889.

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when did he join the army?

Context: June 12, 1913.

Question: what rank did he achieve?

Answer: 75

He originally wanted to join the Cavalry Branch, but, realizing that it was becoming obsolete, he instead chose the Infantry Branch of the U.S. Army, and was commissioned on June 12, 1913, after graduating 75th in a class of 93. Some of his classmates, all of whom were, like Patch, destined to become general officers, included William R. Schmidt, Henry B. Lewis, Henry B. Cheadle, Paul Newgarden, Charles H. Corlett, Robert L. Spragins, Douglass T. Greene, Willis D. Crittenberger, William A. McCullogh, Robert M. Perkins, Carlos Brewer, Geoffrey Keyes, Louis A. Craig, Lunsford E. Oliver, Richard U. Nicholas, Francis K.


Context: who fought in it?

Context: who commanded the americans?

Context: Alexander Patch.

Context: who commanded the japanese?

Context: Harukichi Hyakutake.

Context: who won?

Context: United States.

Context: what animals are found in this place?

Context: Estuarine crocodiles.

Context: and which birds?

Context: Yes, Second World War.

Context: Fort Huachuca, Arizona.

Context: do you know when?

Context: November 23, 1889.

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when did he join the army?

Context: June 12, 1913.

Context: what rank did he achieve?

Question: did he get married?

Answer: Julia Adrianne Littell.

Alexander Patch [SEP] Personal life

On 20 November 1915, he married Julia Adrianne Littell (1893–1988), daughter of Brigadier General Isaac William Littell. They had two children. Patch suffered personal tragedy when their son, Captain Alexander M. Patch III, was killed in action on 22 October 1944 while serving as an infantry company commander in the 315th Infantry Regiment of the 79th Infantry Division in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France. Captain Patch was a posthumous recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross, the Silver Star and Purple Heart. He is interred in the Epinal American Cemetery and Memorial, Lorraine, France. General Patch died of pneumonia on November 21, 1945, two days short of his 56th birthday, at Brooke General Hospital at Fort Sam Houston, Texas.


Context: who fought in it?

Context: who commanded the americans?

Context: Alexander Patch.

Context: who commanded the japanese?

Context: Harukichi Hyakutake.

Context: who won?

Context: United States.

Context: what animals are found in this place?

Context: Estuarine crocodiles.

Context: and which birds?

Context: Yes, Second World War.

Context: Fort Huachuca, Arizona.

Context: do you know when?

Context: November 23, 1889.

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when did he join the army?

Context: June 12, 1913.

Context: what rank did he achieve?

Context: did he get married?

Context: Julia Adrianne Littell.

Question: did he have kids?

Answer: Yes, they had two children.

Explanation: On 20 November 1915, he married Julia Adrianne Littell (1893–1988), daughter of Brigadier General Isaac William Littell. They had two children.

Alexander Patch [SEP] Personal life


Context: who fought in it?

Context: who commanded the americans?

Context: Alexander Patch.

Context: who commanded the japanese?

Context: Harukichi Hyakutake.

Context: who won?

Context: United States.

Context: what animals are found in this place?

Context: Estuarine crocodiles.

Context: and which birds?

Context: Yes, Second World War.

Context: Fort Huachuca, Arizona.

Context: do you know when?

Context: November 23, 1889.

Context: where did he study?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when did he join the army?

Context: June 12, 1913.

Context: what rank did he achieve?

Context: did he get married?

Context: Julia Adrianne Littell.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, they had two children.

Question: did he win any awards?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Alexander Patch [SEP] Personal life


Question: the ratio of the width of national flag of india to its length is

Answer: Two by three

Flag of India [SEP] Design and construction details

According to the Flag code of India, the Indian flag has a ratio of two by three (where the length of the flag is 1.5 times that of the width). All three stripes of the flag (saffron, white and green) are to be equal in width and length. The size of the Ashoka Chakra is not specified in the Flag code, but it has twenty-four spokes that are evenly spaced. In section 4.3.1 of "IS1: Manufacturing standards for the Indian Flag", there is a chart that details the size of the Ashoka Chakra on the nine specific sizes of the national flag.


Context: the ratio of the width of national flag of india to its length is

Context: Two by three

Question: what is the shape of the flag?

Answer: Rectangle

Flag of India [SEP] Introduction

The National Flag of India is a horizontal rectangular tricolour of India saffron, white and India green; with the ', a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre. It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, and it became the official flag of the Dominion of India on 15 August 1947. The flag was subsequently retained as that of the Republic of India. In India, the term "tricolour" () almost always refers to the Indian national flag. The flag is based on the ' flag, a flag of the Indian National Congress designed by Pingali Venkayya.


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Question: when was it adopted?

Answer: 22 July 1947

Explanation: The National Flag of India is a horizontal rectangular tricolour of India saffron, white and India green; with the ', a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre. It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, and it became the official flag of the Dominion of India on 15 August 1947.

Flag of India [SEP] Introduction


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Question: and who was it adopted by?

Answer: Dominion of India

Explanation: It was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, and it became the official flag of the Dominion of India on 15 August 1947. The flag was subsequently retained as that of the Republic of India.

Flag of India [SEP] Introduction


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Context: and who was it adopted by?

Context: Dominion of India

Question: when did this form?

Answer: 15 August 1947

Dominion of India [SEP] Introduction

The Union of India, also called the Dominion of India, was an independent dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950. It was created by the Indian Independence Act 1947 and was transformed into the Republic of India by the promulgation of the Constitution of India in 1950. The King was represented by the Governor-General of India. However, the Governor-General was not designated "Viceroy", as had been customary under the British Raj. The office of Viceroy was abolished on independence. Two governors-general held office between independence and India's transformation into a republic: Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma (1947–48) and Chakravarti Rajagopalachari (1948–50).


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Context: and who was it adopted by?

Context: Dominion of India

Context: when did this form?

Context: 15 August 1947

Question: did they have any conflict?

Answer: Yes, with Pakistan.

Dominion of India [SEP] Conflict with Pakistan

The newly created states of Pakistan and India both joined the Commonwealth, a platform for cooperation between the countries that had been part of the British Empire. Nevertheless, they soon found themselves at war that began in October 1947, over the contested princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. Pakistani militants entered the state, alarming Maharaja Hari Singh who appealed to India for military intervention, in exchange for the signing of the Instrument of Accession and annexation into India. The region is contested to this day, and two other Indo-Pakistan wars occurred as part of the Kashmir conflict. The Dominion of India began working towards a constitution based on liberal democracy immediately after independence.


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Context: and who was it adopted by?

Context: Dominion of India

Context: when did this form?

Context: 15 August 1947

Context: did they have any conflict?

Context: Yes, with Pakistan.

Question: what was the main reason for the conflict?

Answer: It was over the contested princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Explanation: Nevertheless, they soon found themselves at war that began in October 1947, over the contested princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Context: and who was it adopted by?

Context: Dominion of India

Context: when did this form?

Context: 15 August 1947

Context: did they have any conflict?

Context: Yes, with Pakistan.

Context: what was the main reason for the conflict?

Context: It was over the contested princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.

Question: who is the design of the flag attributed to?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Context: and who was it adopted by?

Context: Dominion of India

Context: when did this form?

Context: 15 August 1947

Context: did they have any conflict?

Context: Yes, with Pakistan.

Context: who is the design of the flag attributed to?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what colours do you see on the flag?

Answer: India saffron, white and India green and a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre.

Flag of India [SEP] Introduction


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Context: and who was it adopted by?

Context: Dominion of India

Context: when did this form?

Context: 15 August 1947

Context: did they have any conflict?

Context: Yes, with Pakistan.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what colours do you see on the flag?

Context: India saffron, white and India green and a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre.

Question: what symbolism does the flag have in india?

Answer: It symbolizes Gandhi's goal of making Indians self-reliant by fabricating their own clothing, between a red stripe for Hindus and a green stripe for Muslims.

Flag of India [SEP] Symbolism

Gandhi first proposed a flag to the Indian National Congress in 1921. The flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya. In the centre was a traditional spinning wheel, symbolising Gandhi's goal of making Indians self-reliant by fabricating their own clothing, between a red stripe for Hindus and a green stripe for Muslims. The design was then modified to replace red with saffron and to include a white stripe in the centre for other religious communities, and provide a background for the spinning wheel. Subsequently, to avoid sectarian associations with the colour scheme, the three bands were assigned new meanings: courage and sacrifice, peace and truth, and faith and chivalry respectively.


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Context: and who was it adopted by?

Context: Dominion of India

Context: when did this form?

Context: 15 August 1947

Context: did they have any conflict?

Context: Yes, with Pakistan.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what colours do you see on the flag?

Context: what symbolism does the flag have in india?

Context: It symbolizes Gandhi's goal of making Indians self-reliant by fabricating their own clothing, between a red stripe for Hindus and a green stripe for Muslims.

Question: where was the flag manufactured?

Answer: Khadi Development and Village Industries Commission

Explanation: The right to manufacture the flag is held by the Khadi Development and Village Industries Commission, who allocates it to regional groups. As of 2009, the Karnataka Khadi Gramodyoga Samyukta Sangha has been the sole manufacturer of the flag.

Flag of India [SEP] Introduction

In 2002, on hearing an appeal from a private citizen, Naveen Jindal, the Supreme Court of India directed the Government of India to amend the code to allow flag usage by private citizens. Subsequently, the Union Cabinet of India amended the code to allow limited usage. The code was amended once more in 2005 to allow some additional use including adaptations on certain forms of clothing. The flag code also governs the protocol of flying the flag and its use in conjunction with other national and non-national flags.


Context: Two by three

Context: what is the shape of the flag?

Context: Rectangle

Context: when was it adopted?

Context: 22 July 1947

Context: and who was it adopted by?

Context: Dominion of India

Context: when did this form?

Context: 15 August 1947

Context: did they have any conflict?

Context: Yes, with Pakistan.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what colours do you see on the flag?

Context: where was the flag manufactured?

Context: Khadi Development and Village Industries Commission

Question: where is the flag displayed?

Answer: The rules regarding the correct methods to display the flag state that when two flags are fully spread out horizontally on a wall behind a podium, their hoists should be towards each other with the saffron stripes uppermost.

Flag of India [SEP] Display

The rules regarding the correct methods to display the flag state that when two flags are fully spread out horizontally on a wall behind a podium, their hoists should be towards each other with the saffron stripes uppermost. If the flag is displayed on a short flagpole, this should be mounted at an angle to the wall with the flag draped tastefully from it. If two national flags are displayed on crossed staffs, the hoists must be towards each other and the flags must be fully spread out. The flag should never be used as a cloth to cover tables, lecterns, podiums or buildings, or be draped from railings.


Question: what is ss minnesotan?

Answer: A cargo ship

Explanation: SS "Minnesotan was a cargo ship built i

SS Minnesotan [SEP] Introduction

SS "Minnesotan was a cargo ship built in 1912 for the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company. During World War I she was known as USAT "Minnesotan in service for the United States Army and USS "Minnesotan" (ID-4545) in service for the United States Navy. She ended her career as the SS "Maria Luisa R." under Italian ownership. She was built by the Maryland Steel Company as one of eight sister ships for the American-Hawaiian Steamship Company, and was employed in inter-coastal service via the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and the Panama Canal after it opened. In World War I, USAT "Minnesotan" carried cargo and animals to France under charter to the U.S.


Context:
what is ss minnesotan?
A cargo ship

Question: who/what is responsible for its design?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

SS Minnesotan [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is ss minnesotan?
A cargo ship
who/what is responsible for its design?
UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the former mentioned kind of ship?

Answer: A merchant ship that carries cargo, goods and materials from one port to another

Cargo ship [SEP] Introduction

A cargo ship or freighter is a merchant ship that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another. Thousands of cargo carriers ply the world's seas and oceans each year, handling the bulk of international trade. Cargo ships are usually specially designed for the task, often being equipped with cranes and other mechanisms to load and unload, and come in all sizes. Today, they are almost always built by welded steel, and with some exceptions generally have a life expectancy of 25 to 30 years before being scrapped.


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the former mentioned kind of ship?

Context: A merchant ship that carries cargo, goods and materials from one port to another

Question: what are its different types?

Answer: Container ships and bulk carriers

Cargo ship [SEP] Specialized cargo ship types

Specialized types of cargo vessels include container ships and bulk carriers (technically tankers of all sizes are cargo ships, although they are routinely thought of as a separate category). Cargo ships fall into two further categories that reflect the services they offer to industry: liner and tramp services. Those on a fixed published schedule and fixed tariff rates are cargo liners. Tramp ships do not have fixed schedules. Users charter them to haul loads. Generally, the smaller shipping companies and private individuals operate tramp ships. Cargo liners run on fixed schedules published by the shipping companies. Each trip a liner takes is called a voyage.


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Question: what is the latter mentioned one?

Answer: A merchant ship specially designed to transport unpackaged bulk cargo, such as grains, coal, ore, steel coils and cement, in its cargo holds

Bulk carrier [SEP] Introduction

A bulk carrier, bulker is a merchant ship specially designed to transport unpackaged bulk cargo, such as grains, coal, ore, steel coils and cement, in its cargo holds. Since the first specialized bulk carrier was built in 1852, economic forces have led to continued development of these ships, resulting in increased size and sophistication. Today's bulk carriers are specially designed to maximize capacity, safety, efficiency, and durability. Today, bulk carriers make up 21% of the world's merchant fleets and range in size from single-hold mini-bulk carriers to mammoth ore ships able to carry 400,000 metric tons of deadweight (DWT). A number of specialized designs exist: some can unload their own cargo, some depend on port facilities for unloading, and some even package the cargo as it is loaded.


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Context: what is the latter mentioned one?

Context: A merchant ship specially designed to transport unpackaged bulk cargo, such as grains, coal, ore, steel coils and cement, in its cargo holds

Question: what are some size categories it has?

Answer: Small, handysize, handymax, panamax, capesize and very large

Bulk carrier [SEP] Size categories

Bulk carriers are segregated into six major size categories: small, handysize, handymax, panamax, capesize, and very large. Very large bulk and ore carriers fall into the capesize category but are often considered separately.


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Context: what is the latter mentioned one?

Context: what are some size categories it has?

Context: Small, handysize, handymax, panamax, capesize and very large

Question: what is the third mentioned type?

Answer: Naval architecture terms for the larger bulk carriers in the Handysize class (40,000 to 50,000 DWT)

Handymax [SEP] Introduction

Handymax and Supramax are naval architecture terms for the larger bulk carriers in the Handysize class. Handysize class consists of Supramax (50,000 to 60,000 DWT), Handymax (40,000 to 50,000 DWT), and Handy (<40,000 DWT). The ships are used for less voluminous cargoes, and different cargoes can be carried in different holds. Larger capacities for dry bulk include Panamax, Capesize and Very Large Ore Carriers and Chinamax. A handymax ship is typically in length, though certain bulk terminal restrictions, such as those in Japan, mean that many handymax ships are just under in overall length. Modern handymax and supramax designs are typically 52,000 in size, have five cargo holds and four cranes of around 30 tonnes working load, making it easier to use in ports with limited infrastructure.


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Context: what is the latter mentioned one?

Context: what are some size categories it has?

Context: what is the third mentioned type?

Context: Naval architecture terms for the larger bulk carriers in the Handysize class (40,000 to 50,000 DWT)

Question: describe the second mentioned type

Answer: Handysize is a naval architecture term for smaller bulk carriers or oil tanker with deadweight of up to 50,000 tonnes, although there is no official definition in terms of exact tonnages

Handysize [SEP] Introduction

Handysize is a naval architecture term for smaller bulk carriers or oil tanker with deadweight of up to 50,000 tonnes, although there is no official definition in terms of exact tonnages. Handysize is also sometimes used to refer to the span of up to 60,000 tons, with the vessels above 35,000 tonnes referred to as Handymax or Supramax. Their small size allows Handysize vessels to enter smaller ports to pick up cargoes, and because in most cases they are 'geared' - i.e. fitted with cranes - they can often load and discharge cargoes at ports which lack cranes or other cargo handling systems.


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Context: what is the latter mentioned one?

Context: what are some size categories it has?

Context: what is the third mentioned type?

Context: describe the second mentioned type

Context: Handysize is a naval architecture term for smaller bulk carriers or oil tanker with deadweight of up to 50,000 tonnes, although there is no official definition in terms of exact tonnages

Question: what is the history behind this aforementioned carriers?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Handysize [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Context: what is the latter mentioned one?

Context: what are some size categories it has?

Context: what is the third mentioned type?

Context: describe the second mentioned type

Context: what is the history behind this aforementioned carriers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the pirate history behind the first mentioned type of ship?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Handysize [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Context: what is the latter mentioned one?

Context: what are some size categories it has?

Context: what is the third mentioned type?

Context: describe the second mentioned type

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the pirate history behind the first mentioned type of ship?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: did ss participate in any war?

Answer: Yes. World War I and II

SS Minnesotan [SEP] World War I

On 11 September 1917, some five months after the United States declared war on Germany, the United States Army chartered "Minnesotan" for transporting animals to Europe in support of the American Expeditionary Force. Although there is no information about the specific conversion of "Minnesotan", for other ships this typically meant that passenger accommodations had to be ripped out and replaced with ramps and stalls for the horses and mules carried. On 23 August 1918, "Minnesotan" was transferred to the United States Navy at Norfolk, Virginia. She was commissioned into the Naval Overseas Transportation Service (NOTS) the same day, with Lieutenant Commander E.


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Context: what is the latter mentioned one?

Context: what are some size categories it has?

Context: what is the third mentioned type?

Context: describe the second mentioned type

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did ss participate in any war?

Context: Yes. World War I and II

Question: how did it spend its interwar years?

Answer: It resumed cargo service with American-Hawaiian

SS Minnesotan [SEP] Interwar years

"Minnesotan" resumed cargo service with American-Hawaiian after her return from World War I service. Though the company had abandoned its original Hawaiian sugar routes by this time, "Minnesotan" continued inter-coastal service through the Panama Canal. Hints at cargos she carried during this time can be gleaned from contemporary news reports from the "Los Angeles Times". In March 1928, for example, the newspaper reported that "Minnesotan" sailed from Los Angeles with a $2,500,000 cargo that included raw silk and of copper bullion. The 1,000 bales of silk, picked up in Seattle, were worth $1,000,000 on their own, while the load of copper was reportedly the largest water shipment of Arizona copper to that time.


Context: what is ss minnesotan?

Context: A cargo ship

Context: who/what is responsible for its design?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are its different types?

Context: Container ships and bulk carriers

Context: what is the latter mentioned one?

Context: what are some size categories it has?

Context: what is the third mentioned type?

Context: describe the second mentioned type

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did ss participate in any war?

Context: Yes. World War I and II

Context: how did it spend its interwar years?

Context: It resumed cargo service with American-Hawaiian

Question: what was its later career years like?

Answer: It continued to operate for several years and was then sold to Italian owners

SS Minnesotan [SEP] Later career

After the war's end, American-Hawaiian continued operating "Minnesotan" for several more years, but in mid-July 1949, the company announced the sale of "Minnesotan" to Italian owners in a move approved by the United States Maritime Commission several days later. The sale of "Minnesotan" was protested by the Congress of Industrial Organizations which urged the United States Congress to intervene and to help retain American Merchant Marine jobs. Nevertheless, "Maria Luisa R.", the new name of the former "Minnesotan", remained in Italian hands until she was scrapped in 1952 at Bari.


Question: how long do penguins stay with their mate

Answer: One year

Emperor penguin [SEP] Courtship and breeding

Once in pairs, couples waddle around the colony together, with the female usually following the male. Before copulation, one bird bows deeply to its mate, its bill pointed close to the ground, and its mate then does the same. Contrary to popular belief, Emperor penguins do not mate for life; they are serially monogamous, having only one mate each year, and remaining faithful to that mate. However, fidelity between years is only around 15%. The narrow window of opportunity available for mating appears to be an influence, as there is a priority to mate and breed which usually precludes waiting for the previous year's partner to arrive at the colony.


Context: how long do penguins stay with their mate

Context: One year

Question: what kind of penguin is this?

Answer: The emperor penguin is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species.

Emperor penguin [SEP] Introduction

The emperor penguin ("Aptenodytes forsteri") is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species and is endemic to Antarctica. The male and female are similar in plumage and size, reaching in length and weighing from . Feathers of the head and back are black and sharply delineated from the white belly, pale-yellow breast and bright-yellow ear patches. Like all penguins it is flightless, with a streamlined body, and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine habitat. Its diet consists primarily of fish, but also includes crustaceans, such as krill, and cephalopods, such as squid. While hunting, the species can remain submerged around 20 minutes, diving to a depth of .


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: The emperor penguin is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species.

Question: where is it found?

Answer: The Antarctic, Taylor Glacier in Victoria Land, Amundsen Bay, to name a few.

Explanation:
The emperor penguin has a circumpolar distribution in the Antarctic almost exclusively between the 66° and 77° south latitudes. It almost always breeds on stable pack ice near the coast and up to offshore. Breeding colonies are usually in areas where ice cliffs and icebergs provide some protection from the wind. Three land colonies have been reported: one (now disappeared) on a shingle spit at the Dion Islands on the Antarctic Peninsula, one on a headland at Taylor Glacier in Victoria Land, and most recently one at Amundsen Bay. Since 2009, a number of colonies have been reported on shelf ice rather than sea ice, in some cases moving to the shelf in years when sea ice forms late.

The northernmost breeding population is on Snow Island, near the northern tip of the Peninsula. Individual vagrants have been seen on Heard Island, South Georgia, and occasionally in New Zealand.

Emperor penguin [SEP] Distribution and habitat


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: The Antarctic, Taylor Glacier in Victoria Land, Amundsen Bay, to name a few.

Question: are they being rescued from anything?

Answer: In June 2011, a juvenile emperor penguin was found on the beach at Peka Peka, north of Wellington in New Zealand, had consumed sand and had to undergo a number of operations to save his life.

Explanation: In June 2011, a juvenile emperor penguin was found on the beach at Peka Peka, north of Wellington in New Zealand. He had consumed of sand, which he had apparently mistaken for snow, as well as sticks and stones, and had to undergo a number of operations to remove these to save his life. Following recovery, on 4 September, the juvenile, named "Happy Feet" (after the 2006 film), was fitted with a tracking device and released into the Southern Ocean north of Campbell Island. However, 8 days later scientists lost contact with the bird, suggesting that the transmitter had fallen off (considered likely) or that he had been eaten by a predator (considered less likely).

Emperor penguin [SEP] Penguin rescue, rehabilitation and release


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: In June 2011, a juvenile emperor penguin was found on the beach at Peka Peka, north of Wellington in New Zealand, had consumed sand and had to undergo a number of operations to save his life.

Question: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Answer: Aalborg Zoo, SeaWorld San Diego, Nanjing Underwater World

Explanation:
The first to achieve a level of success was Aalborg Zoo where a chilled house was built especially for this Antarctic species. One individual lived for 20 years at the zoo and a chick was hatched there, but died shortly after.

Today, the species is kept at just a few zoos and public aquariums in North America and Asia. Emperor penguins were first successfully bred at SeaWorld San Diego; more than 20 birds have hatched there since 1980. Considered a flagship species, 55 individuals were counted in captivity in North American zoos and aquaria in 1999. In China, the emperor penguin was first bred at Nanjing Underwater World in 2009, followed by Laohutan Ocean Park in Dalian in 2010. Since then it has been kept and bred at a few other facilities in China, and the only confirmed twin emperor penguins (the species normally lays just one egg) hatched at Sun Asia Ocean World in Dalian in 2017. In Japan, the species is housed at Port of Nagoya Public Aquarium and Wakayama Adventure World, with

Emperor penguin [SEP] In zoos and aquariums

Since the 1930s, there have been several attempts at keeping emperor penguins in captivity, but until the 1960s these attempts were unsuccessful, as knowledge of penguin keeping in general was limited and acquired by trial and error. The first to achieve a level of success was Aalborg Zoo where a chilled house was built especially for this Antarctic species. One individual lived for 20 years at the zoo and a chick was hatched there, but died shortly after. Today, the species is kept at just a few zoos and public aquariums in North America and Asia. Emperor penguins were first successfully bred at SeaWorld San Diego; more than 20 birds have hatched there since 1980.


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: Aalborg Zoo, SeaWorld San Diego, Nanjing Underwater World

Question: where is the second one located?

Answer: San Diego, California, United States, inside Mission Bay Park.

SeaWorld San Diego [SEP] Introduction

SeaWorld San Diego is an animal theme park, oceanarium, outside aquarium and marine mammal park, in San Diego, California, United States, inside Mission Bay Park. SeaWorld San Diego is a member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). Adjacent to the property is the Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, which conducts research on marine biology and provides education and outreach on marine issues to the general public, including information in park exhibits.


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: San Diego, California, United States, inside Mission Bay Park.

Question: is it a zoo?

Answer: No, it is an animal theme park, oceanarium, outside aquarium and marine mammal park.

Explanation: SeaWorld San Diego is an animal theme park, oceanarium, outside aquarium and marine mammal park,

SeaWorld San Diego [SEP] Introduction


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: No, it is an animal theme park, oceanarium, outside aquarium and marine mammal park.

Question: what does this second term refers to?

Answer: It can either a marine mammal park, such as Marineland of Canada, or a large-scale aquarium, such as the Lisbon Oceanarium, presenting an ocean habitat with marine animals, especially large ocean dwellers such as sharks.

Explanation: An oceanarium can be either a marine mammal park, such as Marineland of Canada, or a large-scale aquarium, such as the Lisbon Oceanarium, presenting an ocean habitat with marine animals, especially large ocean dwellers such as sharks.

Oceanarium [SEP] Introduction


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: what does this second term refers to?

Context: It can either a marine mammal park, such as Marineland of Canada, or a large-scale aquarium, such as the Lisbon Oceanarium, presenting an ocean habitat with marine animals, especially large ocean dwellers such as sharks.

Question: and what does the last mentioned term of the previous answer refers to?

Answer: It is a commercial theme park or aquarium where marine mammals such as dolphins, beluga whales and sea lions are kept within water tanks and displayed to the public in special shows.

Marine mammal park [SEP] Introduction

A marine mammal park (also known as marine animal park and sometimes oceanarium) is a commercial theme park or aquarium where marine mammals such as dolphins, beluga whales and sea lions are kept within water tanks and displayed to the public in special shows. A marine mammal park is more elaborate than a dolphinarium, because it also features other marine mammals and offers additional entertainment attractions. It is thus seen as a combination of a public aquarium and an amusement park. Marine mammal parks are different from marine parks, which include natural reserves and marine wildlife sanctuaries such as coral reefs, particularly in Australia.


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: what does this second term refers to?

Context: and what does the last mentioned term of the previous answer refers to?

Context: It is a commercial theme park or aquarium where marine mammals such as dolphins, beluga whales and sea lions are kept within water tanks and displayed to the public in special shows.

Question: the above animal park we talked about; what other animals are kept there?

Answer: California sea lions

Explanation:
SeaWorld San Diego houses California sea lions in both its Sea Lion Point exhibit, as well as Sea Lion & Otter Amphitheater.

Sea Lion & Otter Amphitheater (Sea Lions): Duke (M), Harvey (M), Jorge (M), Victor (M), Kiawe (M), Murdoch (M), Ozzy (M), Tank (M), and Jay (M).

Sea Lion Point (Sea Lions): Chita (F), Diamond (F), Khloe (F), Deisel (M), Rebar (F), and Fancy (F).

SeaWorld San Diego [SEP] Seals & Sea Lions


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: what does this second term refers to?

Context: the above animal park we talked about; what other animals are kept there?

Context: California sea lions

Question: does this place display any show?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: what does this second term refers to?

Context: California sea lions

Context: does this place display any show?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: the animal you mentioned in your previous answer; what does it refers to?

Answer: They are pinnipeds characterized by external ear flaps, long foreflippers, the ability to walk on all fours, short, thick hair, and a big chest and belly - comprise the family Otariidae.

Sea lion [SEP] Introduction

Sea lions are pinnipeds characterized by external ear flaps, long foreflippers, the ability to walk on all fours, short, thick hair, and a big chest and belly. Together with the fur seals, they comprise the family Otariidae, eared seals, which contains six extant and one extinct species (the Japanese sea lion) in five genera. Their range extends from the subarctic to tropical waters of the global ocean in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, with the notable exception of the northern Atlantic Ocean. They have an average lifespan of 20–30 years. A male California sea lion weighs on average about and is about long, while the female sea lion weighs and is long.


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: what does this second term refers to?

Context: California sea lions

Context: does this place display any show?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: the animal you mentioned in your previous answer; what does it refers to?

Context: They are pinnipeds characterized by external ear flaps, long foreflippers, the ability to walk on all fours, short, thick hair, and a big chest and belly - comprise the family Otariidae.

Question: how do they interact with human beings?

Answer: South American sea lions have been greatly impacted by human exploitation - hunter-gatherers along the Beagle Channel and northern Patagonia had greatly reduced the number of sea lions due to their hunting of the species and exploitation of the species’ environment.

Explanation: South American sea lions have been greatly impacted by human exploitation. During the late Holocene period to the middle of the twentieth century, hunter-gatherers along the Beagle Channel and northern Patagonia had greatly reduced the number of sea lions due to their hunting of the species and exploitation of the species’ environment.

Sea lion [SEP] Interactions with humans

South American sea lions have been greatly impacted by human exploitation. During the late Holocene period to the middle of the twentieth century, hunter-gatherers along the Beagle Channel and northern Patagonia had greatly reduced the number of sea lions due to their hunting of the species and exploitation of the species' environment. Although sealing has been put to a halt in many countries, such as Uruguay, the sea lion population continues to decline because of the drastic effects humans have on their ecosystems. As a result, South American sea lions have been foraging at higher tropical latitudes than they did prior to human exploitation.


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: what does this second term refers to?

Context: California sea lions

Context: does this place display any show?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how do they interact with human beings?

Context: South American sea lions have been greatly impacted by human exploitation - hunter-gatherers along the Beagle Channel and northern Patagonia had greatly reduced the number of sea lions due to their hunting of the species and exploitation of the species’ environment.

Question: where is this channel located?

Answer: It is a strait in Tierra del Fuego Archipelago on the extreme southern tip of South America between Chile and Argentina.

Beagle Channel [SEP] Introduction

Beagle Channel () is a strait in Tierra del Fuego Archipelago on the extreme southern tip of South America between Chile and Argentina. The channel separates the larger main island of Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego from various smaller islands including the islands of Picton, Lennox and Nueva; Navarino; Hoste; Londonderry; and Stewart. The channel's eastern area forms part of the border between Chile and Argentina and the western area is entirely within Chile. The Beagle Channel, the Straits of Magellan to the north, and the open-ocean Drake Passage to the south are the three navigable passages around South America between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: what does this second term refers to?

Context: California sea lions

Context: does this place display any show?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how do they interact with human beings?

Context: where is this channel located?

Context: It is a strait in Tierra del Fuego Archipelago on the extreme southern tip of South America between Chile and Argentina.

Question: how did it get its name?

Answer: It was named after the ship HMS "Beagle" during its first hydrographic survey of the coasts of the southern part of South America.

Beagle Channel [SEP] Naming and Darwin visit

The channel was named after the ship HMS "Beagle" during its first hydrographic survey of the coasts of the southern part of South America which lasted from 1826 to 1830. During that expedition, under the overall command of Commander Phillip Parker King, the "Beagle" captain Pringle Stokes committed suicide and was replaced by captain Robert FitzRoy. The ship continued the survey in the second voyage of "Beagle" under the command of captain FitzRoy, who took Charles Darwin along as a self-funding supernumerary, giving him opportunities as an amateur naturalist. Darwin had his first sight of glaciers when they reached the channel on 29 January 1833, and wrote in his field notebook "It is scarcely possible to imagine anything more beautiful than the beryl-like blue of these glaciers, and especially as contrasted with the dead white of the upper expanse of snow."


Context: One year

Context: what kind of penguin is this?

Context: where is it found?

Context: are they being rescued from anything?

Context: in which zoo or aquarium is it kept?

Context: where is the second one located?

Context: is it a zoo?

Context: what does this second term refers to?

Context: California sea lions

Context: does this place display any show?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how do they interact with human beings?

Context: where is this channel located?

Context: how did it get its name?

Context: It was named after the ship HMS "Beagle" during its first hydrographic survey of the coasts of the southern part of South America.

Question: regarding the aquatic lion we were talking about; which disease do they suffer from?

Answer: Neurological damage and diseases such as epilepsy

Sea lion [SEP] Parasites and diseases

Those pups who were treated had much better growth rates than those who did not. Overall parasites and hookworms are killing off enough pups to place them in endangerment. Parasites affect sea pups in various areas of the world. Reproductive success reduces immensely, survival methods, changes in health and growth have also been affected. Similarly, climate change has resulted in increased toxic algae blooms in the oceans. These toxins are ingested by sardines and other fish which are then eaten by the sea lions, causing neurological damage and diseases such as epilepsy.


Question: there are fairies at the bottom of my garden

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Cottingley Fairies [SEP] Introduction

The Cottingley Fairies appear in a series of five photographs taken by Elsie Wright (1901–1988) and Frances Griffiths (1907–1986), two young cousins who lived in Cottingley, near Bradford in England. In 1917, when the first two photographs were taken, Elsie was 16 years old and Frances was 9. The pictures came to the attention of writer Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who used them to illustrate an article on fairies he had been commissioned to write for the Christmas 1920 edition of "The Strand Magazine". Doyle, as a spiritualist, was enthusiastic about the photographs, and interpreted them as clear and visible evidence of psychic phenomena.


Context: there are fairies at the bottom of my garden

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Answer: The Cottingley Fairies appear in a series of five photographs

Explanation: The Cottingley Fairies appear in a series of five photographs

Cottingley Fairies [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Question: who was the photographer?

Answer: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Explanation: The Cottingley Fairies appear in a series of five photographs taken by Elsie Wright (1901–1988) and Frances Griffiths

Cottingley Fairies [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Question: what do these photographs depict?

Answer: The pictures came to the attention of writer Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who used them to illustrate an article on fairies he had been commissioned to write for the Christmas 1920 edition of "The Strand Magazine". Doyle, as a spiritualist, was enthusiastic about the photographs, and interpreted them as clear and visible evidence of psychic phenomena

Explanation: The pictures came to the attention of writer Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who used them to illustrate an article on fairies he had been commissioned to write for the Christmas 1920 edition of "The Strand Magazine". Doyle, as a spiritualist, was enthusiastic about the photographs, and interpreted them as clear and visible evidence of psychic phenomena. Public reaction was mixed; some accepted the images as genuine, others believed that they had been faked.

Cottingley Fairies [SEP] Introduction

Public reaction was mixed; some accepted the images as genuine, others believed that they had been faked. Interest in the Cottingley Fairies gradually declined after 1921. Both girls married and lived abroad for a time after they grew up, and yet the photographs continued to hold the public imagination. In 1966 a reporter from the "Daily Express" newspaper traced Elsie, who had by then returned to the United Kingdom. Elsie left open the possibility that she believed she had photographed her thoughts, and the media once again became interested in the story. In the early 1980s Elsie and Frances admitted that the photographs were faked, using cardboard cutouts of fairies copied from a popular children's book of the time, but Frances maintained that the fifth and final photograph was genuine.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: The pictures came to the attention of writer Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who used them to illustrate an article on fairies he had been commissioned to write for the Christmas 1920 edition of "The Strand Magazine". Doyle, as a spiritualist, was enthusiastic about the photographs, and interpreted them as clear and visible evidence of psychic phenomena

Question: when were they published?

Answer: December 1920

Cottingley Fairies [SEP] Publication and reaction

Doyle's article in the December 1920 issue of "The Strand" contained two higher-resolution prints of the 1917 photographs, and sold out within days of publication. To protect the girls' anonymity, Frances and Elsie were called Alice and Iris respectively, and the Wright family was referred to as the "Carpenters". An enthusiastic and committed spiritualist, Doyle hoped that if the photographs convinced the public of the existence of fairies then they might more readily accept other psychic phenomena. He ended his article with the words: Early press coverage was "mixed", generally a combination of "embarrassment and puzzlement". The historical novelist and poet Maurice Hewlett published a series of articles in the literary journal "John O' London's Weekly", in which he concluded: "And knowing children, and knowing that Sir Arthur Conan Doyle has legs, I decide that the Miss Carpenters have pulled one of them." The Sydney newspaper "Truth" on 5 January 1921 expressed a similar view; "For the true explanation of these fairy photographs what is wanted is not a knowledge of occult phenomena but a knowledge of children." Some public figures were more sympathetic.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Question: what is the meaning of the phenomena you mentioned above?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Context: what is the meaning of the phenomena you mentioned above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who is the writer mentioned above?

Answer: Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was a British writer and medical doctor

Arthur Conan Doyle [SEP] Introduction

Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a British writer and medical doctor. He created the character Sherlock Holmes in 1887 for "A Study in Scarlet", the first of four novels and fifty-six short stories about Holmes and Dr. Watson. The Sherlock Holmes stories are generally considered milestones in the field of crime fiction. Doyle was a prolific writer; other than Holmes stories, his works include fantasy and science fiction stories about Professor Challenger and humorous stories about the Napoleonic soldier Brigadier Gerard, as well as plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction and historical novels. One of Doyle's early short stories, "J.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the writer mentioned above?

Context: Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle was a British writer and medical doctor

Question: did he also have a career in sports?

Answer: Yes, he  played football as a goalkeeper for Portsmouth Association Football Club, also he was a keen cricketer, and between 1899 and 1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the Marylebone Cricket Club

Explanation:
While living in Southsea, the seaside resort of Portsmouth, Doyle played football as a goalkeeper for Portsmouth Association Football Club, an amateur side, under the pseudonym A. C. Smith.

Doyle was a keen cricketer, and between 1899 and 1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC)

Arthur Conan Doyle [SEP] Sporting career

G. Grace. Doyle was an amateur boxer. In 1909, he was invited to referee the James Jeffries–Jack Johnson heavyweight championship fight in Reno, Nevada. Doyle wrote, "I was much inclined to accept...though my friends pictured me as winding up with a revolver at one ear and a razor at the other. However, the distance and my engagements presented a final bar."


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the writer mentioned above?

Context: did he also have a career in sports?

Context: Yes, he  played football as a goalkeeper for Portsmouth Association Football Club, also he was a keen cricketer, and between 1899 and 1907 he played 10 first-class matches for the Marylebone Cricket Club

Question: where is this cricket club located?

Answer: In St John's Wood, London

Marylebone Cricket Club [SEP] Introduction

Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) is a cricket club founded in 1787 and based since 1814 at Lord's Cricket Ground, which it owns, in St John's Wood, London. The club was formerly the governing body of cricket and still holds considerable global influence. In 1788, the MCC took responsibility for the laws of Cricket, issuing a revised version that year. Changes to these Laws are now determined by the International Cricket Council (ICC), but the copyright is still owned by MCC. When the ICC was created in 1909, it was administered by the secretary of the MCC, and the president of MCC automatically assumed the chairmanship of ICC until 1989.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the writer mentioned above?

Context: did he also have a career in sports?

Context: where is this cricket club located?

Context: In St John's Wood, London

Question: how many members does it have?

Answer: MCC has 18,000 full members and 5,000 associate members

Marylebone Cricket Club [SEP] Membership

MCC has 18,000 full members and 5,000 associate members. Members have voting rights and can use the Pavilion and other stands at Lord's Cricket Ground to attend all matches played there. In order to join the waiting list of candidates for membership one must obtain the vote (of which each full member has one a year) of three members, and the additional sponsorship of a person on the List of MCC Sponsors (which consists of members of all MCC Sub-Committees; MCC Committee; MCC Out-Match Representatives; and the Current, Past, and Designate President). As the demand for membership always outstrips supply each year, there continues to be a substantial waiting list for Full Ordinary Membership, currently around 27 years.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the writer mentioned above?

Context: did he also have a career in sports?

Context: where is this cricket club located?

Context: In St John's Wood, London

Context: how many members does it have?

Context: MCC has 18,000 full members and 5,000 associate members

Question: apart from cricket, which are the other games played here?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the writer mentioned above?

Context: did he also have a career in sports?

Context: where is this cricket club located?

Context: In St John's Wood, London

Context: how many members does it have?

Context: apart from cricket, which are the other games played here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was the above mentioned magazine established?

Answer: January 1891

The Strand Magazine [SEP] Introduction

The Strand Magazine was a monthly magazine founded by George Newnes, composed of short fiction and general interest articles. It was published in the United Kingdom from January 1891 to March 1950, running to 711 issues, though the first issue was on sale well before Christmas 1890. Its immediate popularity is evidenced by an initial sale of nearly 300,000. Sales increased in the early months, before settling down to a circulation of almost 500,000 copies a month, which lasted well into the 1930s. It was edited by Herbert Greenhough Smith from 1891 to 1930. The magazine's original offices were on Burleigh Street off The Strand, London.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the writer mentioned above?

Context: did he also have a career in sports?

Context: where is this cricket club located?

Context: In St John's Wood, London

Context: how many members does it have?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the above mentioned magazine established?

Context: January 1891

Question: who was the founder?

Answer: George Newnes

Explanation: The Strand Magazine was a monthly magazine founded by George Newnes,

The Strand Magazine [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is "cottingley fairies"?

Context: who was the photographer?

Context: Elsie Wright and Frances Griffiths

Context: what do these photographs depict?

Context: when were they published?

Context: December 1920

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the writer mentioned above?

Context: did he also have a career in sports?

Context: where is this cricket club located?

Context: In St John's Wood, London

Context: how many members does it have?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: January 1891

Context: who was the founder?

Context: George Newnes

Question: can you describe the cover of this magazine?

Answer: An  illustration looking eastwards down London's Strand towards St Mary-le-Strand, with the title suspended on telegraph wires, was the work of Victorian artist and designer George Charles Haité.

The Strand Magazine [SEP] Cover

The magazine's iconic cover, an illustration looking eastwards down London's Strand towards St Mary-le-Strand, with the title suspended on telegraph wires, was the work of Victorian artist and designer George Charles Haité. The initial cover featured a corner plaque showing the name of Burleigh Street, home to the magazine's original offices. The lettering on the plaque in Haité's design was later changed when Newnes moved to the adjacent address of Southampton Street. A variation of the same design was featured on the cover of a sister title, "The Strand Musical Magazine".


Question: who is the artist of "after the deluge" painting?

Answer: George Frederic Watts

Explanation: George Frederic Watts

After the Deluge (painting) [SEP] Introduction

After the Deluge, also known as The Forty-First Day, is a Symbolist oil painting by English artist George Frederic Watts, first exhibited as The Sun in an incomplete form in 1886 and completed in 1891. It shows a scene from the story of Noah's Flood, in which after 40 days of rain Noah opens the window of his Ark to see that the rain has stopped. Watts felt that modern society was in decline owing to a lack of moral values, and he often painted works on the topic of the Flood and its cleansing of the unworthy from the world.


Context: who is the artist of "after the deluge" painting?

Context: George Frederic Watts

Question: mention a few of his works?

Answer: Hope and Love and Life

Explanation: Hope" and "Love and Life"

George Frederic Watts [SEP] Introduction

George Frederic Watts (23 February 1817, in London – 1 July 1904) was a British painter and sculptor associated with the Symbolist movement. He said "I paint ideas, not things." Watts became famous in his lifetime for his allegorical works, such as "Hope" and "Love and Life". These paintings were intended to form part of an epic symbolic cycle called the "House of Life", in which the emotions and aspirations of life would all be represented in a universal symbolic language.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Question: is "physical energy" a painting?

Answer: No, it was a plaster model.

Explanation: plaster model

George Frederic Watts [SEP] "Physical Energy"

Although best known as a painter, Watts was also a sculptor. After completing a commission for the Duke of Westminster for an equestrian monument to commemorate his ancestor, Hugh Lupus, Watts set to work on a new plaster model of another horse and rider, without specific reference to any individual, in 1883. Seeking to reinvigorate the rhetoric of the equestrian monument for the modern age, he was still working on it at the time of his death in 1904. The plaster model was part of the artist's bequest to Watts Gallery, and, also in 1904, the first bronze cast of the work (made in 1902 at the Parlanti Foundry) became the artist's last submission to the Royal Academy's summer exhibition.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Question: what is it about?

Answer: It was a bronze cast sculpture of a horse and rider.

Explanation: horse and rider


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: It was a bronze cast sculpture of a horse and rider.

Question: did he portray something significant in it?

Answer: Yes, an allegory of human vitality and humanity's ceaseless struggle for betterment.

The culmination of Watts's ambition in the field of public sculpture, "Physical Energy" is an allegory of human vitality and humanity's ceaseless struggle for betterment; he said it was "a symbol of that restless physical impulse to seek the still unachieved in the domain of material things". It also embodied the artist's belief that access to great art would bring immense benefits to the country at large.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he portray something significant in it?

Context: Yes, an allegory of human vitality and humanity's ceaseless struggle for betterment.

Question: did he make or design a memorial?

Answer: Yes, he was prosed to create a memorial to Heroic Self-Sacrifice to commemorate ordinary people who had died saving the lives of others, and who might otherwise have been forgotten.

George Frederic Watts [SEP] Memorial to Heroic Self-Sacrifice

An admirer of royalty – he had painted Prince de Joinville and Edward, Prince of Wales – Watts proposed, in 1887, to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria by creating a Memorial to Heroic Self-Sacrifice to commemorate ordinary people who had died saving the lives of others, and who might otherwise have been forgotten. The scheme was not accepted at that time, but in 1898 Watts was approached by Henry Gamble, the vicar of St Botolph's Aldersgate church. He suggested the memorial could be created in Postman's Park in the City of London. The memorial was unveiled in an unfinished state in 1900, consisting of a 50-foot (15 m) wooden loggia designed by Ernest George, sheltering a wall with space for 120 ceramic memorial tiles to be designed and made by William De Morgan.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: Yes, he was prosed to create a memorial to Heroic Self-Sacrifice to commemorate ordinary people who had died saving the lives of others, and who might otherwise have been forgotten.

Question: describe a few critical responses he gets for his works?

Answer: Some portray him in a satirical manner while another emphasised on his spiritual and stylistic importance.

Explanation: satirical manner

George Frederic Watts [SEP] Reception

Several reverent biographies of Watts were written shortly after his death. With the emergence of Modernism, however, his reputation declined. Virginia Woolf's comic play "Freshwater" portrays him in a satirical manner, an approach also adopted by Wilfred Blunt, former curator of the Watts Gallery, in his irreverent 1975 biography "England's Michelangelo". In his 1988 book on Ruskin, the art critic Peter Fuller emphasised Watts's spiritual and stylistic importance, also noting that late post-symbolist works such as "The Sower of the Systems" "stretched beyond the brink of abstraction". On the centenary of his death Veronica Franklin Gould published "G.F. Watts: The Last Great Victorian", a positive study of his life and work.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: describe a few critical responses he gets for his works?

Context: Some portray him in a satirical manner while another emphasised on his spiritual and stylistic importance.

Question: did he attend any university?

Answer: No, he was  home-schooled by his father.

Explanation: home-schooled by his father

George Frederic Watts [SEP] Life

Watts was born in Marylebone in central London on the birthday of George Frederic Handel (after whom he was named), to the second wife of a poor piano-maker. Delicate in health and with his mother dying while he was still young, he was home-schooled by his father in a conservative interpretation of Christianity as well as via the classics such as the "Iliad." The former put him off conventional religion for life, while the latter was a continual influence on his art. He showed artistic promise very early, learning sculpture from the age of 10 with William Behnes, starting to study devotedly the Elgin Marbles (later writing "It was from them alone that I learned") and then enrolling as a student at the Royal Academy at the age of 18.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: No, he was  home-schooled by his father.

Question: what is his father's name?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

George Frederic Watts [SEP] Life


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: describe the subject behind the "after the deluge" painting?

Answer: It depicts a scene from the story of Noah's Flood.

After the Deluge (painting) [SEP] Subject

"After the Deluge" depicts a scene from the story of Noah's Flood, in which Noah opens the window of the Ark to see that after forty days the rain has ended but the floodwaters have not yet subsided. Although his father's strict evangelical Christianity had instilled in Watts a strong dislike of organised religion, he had a deep knowledge of the Bible, and Noah and the Flood were both themes he regularly depicted throughout his career. Watts had a strong belief in the idea that modern society was prioritising wealth over social values, and that this attitude, which he described as "the hypocritical veiling of the daily sacrifice made to this deity", was leading to the decline of society.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe the subject behind the "after the deluge" painting?

Context: It depicts a scene from the story of Noah's Flood.

Question: how is the painting's composition?

Answer: Abstract art

Explanation: highly stylised seascape

After the Deluge (painting) [SEP] Composition

Watts illustrated the scene with a highly stylised seascape. Above the sea is a bright sunburst, with the light of the sun illuminating the surrounding clouds and bright rays projecting beyond the edges of the canvas. Watts's composition echoes J. M. W. Turner's 1843 treatment of the same topic, "Light and Colour (Goethe's Theory)—The Morning after the Deluge—Moses Writing the Book of Genesis", in primarily depicting a circle of bright light. However, Turner's painting depicts recognisable human figures, and no work by Turner ever came as close to pure abstract art as Watts's composition. In this stage of his career Watts regularly painted images linking awe-inspiring natural events and the will of God.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the painting's composition?

Context: Abstract art

Question: where is the painting kept?

Answer: Watts Gallery

After the Deluge (painting) [SEP] After completion

Walter Bayes wrote in 1907 that "After the Deluge" was "the sort of landscape that we connect with the name of Mr Watts, a landscape from which all that is coarse and material has been eliminated, and which offers a residuum that is a kind of sublimation of all the most poetic elements in nature". It has been cited as an influence on many works painted in the two decades following its completion, including paintings of the sun by Maurice Chabas, Giuseppe Pellizza da Volpedo and Edvard Munch. "After the Deluge" remains in the collection of the Watts Gallery.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the painting's composition?

Context: Abstract art

Context: where is the painting kept?

Context: Watts Gallery

Question: what is the gallery's relation with de morgan foundation?

Answer: They had entered into a collaboration which saw the opening of a long term exhibition in the Richard Jeffries Gallery.

Watts Gallery [SEP] De Morgan Foundation

Following the closure of the De Morgan Centre, London, in the summer of 2014, the Watts Gallery and the De Morgan Foundation, a registered charity preserving the work of William De Morgan and Evelyn De Morgan, entered into a collaboration which saw the opening of a long term exhibition in the Richard Jeffries Gallery in the main gallery building. This exhibition includes a number of key works from the De Morgan Collection. Further, since January 2015, the De Morgan Foundation has had its office in the Curator's House, in the grounds of the Watts Gallery.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the painting's composition?

Context: Abstract art

Context: where is the painting kept?

Context: Watts Gallery

Context: what is the gallery's relation with de morgan foundation?

Context: They had entered into a collaboration which saw the opening of a long term exhibition in the Richard Jeffries Gallery.

Question: who is richard jeffries?

Answer: He was curator of the Watts Gallery.

Explanation: was curator of the Watts Gallery

Richard Jefferies (curator) [SEP] Introduction

Richard Jefferies (born 1945) was curator of the Watts Gallery for two decades from 1985–2006. His role led to his becoming an acknowledged expert on the Victorian painter and sculptor G.F. Watts. Jefferies' uncle had been chief assistant to Mary Seton Watts in the last ten years of her life and Richard was born on a visit by his parents to his aunt and uncle at Compton in 1945. He started as Custodian at the Gallery on 1 February 1969 after an earlier discussion with the then Curator, Wilfrid Blunt. He provides the foreword for Hutchings book on Watts' sculpture.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the painting's composition?

Context: Abstract art

Context: where is the painting kept?

Context: Watts Gallery

Context: who is richard jeffries?

Context: He was curator of the Watts Gallery.

Question: did he own any portrait?

Answer: No, but a portrait was created of him by Jon Edgar.

Richard Jefferies (curator) [SEP] Portrait of Richard Jefferies

Richard Jefferies agreed to sit for Jon Edgar for a portrait using local Compton clay quarried from the foundations of the Brickfields pottery of Mary Wondrausch. The portrait was unveiled at the re-opening of the Watts Gallery in June 2011 and forms part of the "Compton Triptych" unveiled at "The Human Clay" exhibition, Lewis Elton Gallery, University of Surrey in November 2011.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the painting's composition?

Context: Abstract art

Context: where is the painting kept?

Context: Watts Gallery

Context: who is richard jeffries?

Context: He was curator of the Watts Gallery.

Context: did he own any portrait?

Context: No, but a portrait was created of him by Jon Edgar.

Question: in which film did edgar appear?

Answer: Spirit in Mass - Journey into Sculpture

Jon Edgar [SEP] Film appearances

The documentary film on sculptor Alan Thornhill; "Spirit in Mass - Journey into Sculpture", which was produced in 2007 with funding from Screen South and UK Film Council, features former students of the Frink School, including Edgar talking about Thornhill's influence on his own work. The creation of the Stephen Duffy head was coincidentally documented during the filming of the Douglas Arrowsmith documentary "Memory & Desire: 30 Years in the Wilderness with Stephen Duffy & the Lilac Time". The film was released at the London Raindance Film Festival in October 2009. The terracotta sculpture forms the CD cover image for the 2009 album by the same name.


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the painting's composition?

Context: Abstract art

Context: where is the painting kept?

Context: Watts Gallery

Context: who is richard jeffries?

Context: He was curator of the Watts Gallery.

Context: did he own any portrait?

Context: in which film did edgar appear?

Context: Spirit in Mass - Journey into Sculpture

Question: for which publications did he write articles?

Answer: Petworth Society Magazine, Hesworth Press etc

Explanation: Petworth Society Magazine

Jon Edgar [SEP] Articles and Publications

"Petworth Society Magazine" No. 176, pp.38–41, June 2019 - ‘'Freelance; the role of art and artist in society" J.Edgar, Foreword M. Imms (2016). "A South Downs Year: Creation of the Slindon Stone - The Sculptor's Journal" (Hesworth Press) P.Hall, M.Scott, H. Pheby (2013). "Jon Edgar - Sculpture Series Heads - Terracotta Portraits of Contributors to British Sculpture" (Hesworth Press in association with The Lightbox and Yorkshire Sculpture Park)


Context: George Frederic Watts

Context: mention a few of his works?

Context: Hope and Love and Life

Context: is "physical energy" a painting?

Context: No, it was a plaster model.

Context: what is it about?

Context: did he make or design a memorial?

Context: did he attend any university?

Context: what is his father's name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the painting's composition?

Context: Abstract art

Context: where is the painting kept?

Context: Watts Gallery

Context: who is richard jeffries?

Context: He was curator of the Watts Gallery.

Context: did he own any portrait?

Context: in which film did edgar appear?

Context: Spirit in Mass - Journey into Sculpture

Context: for which publications did he write articles?

Context: Petworth Society Magazine, Hesworth Press etc

Question: is he alive?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: fundamental rights in the indian constitution have been taken from

Answer: They have their origins in many sources, including England's Bill of Rights, the United States Bill of Rights and France's Declaration of the Rights of Man.

Fundamental rights in India [SEP] Introduction

Fundamental rights apply universally to all citizens, irrespective of race, birthplace, religion, caste or gender. The Indian Penal Code, Code of Criminal Procedure and other laws prescribe punishments for the violation of these rights, subject to the discretion of the judiciary. Though the rights conferred by the constitution other than fundamental rights are also valid rights protected by the judiciary, in case of fundamental rights violations, the Supreme Court of India can be approached directly for ultimate justice as per Article 32. The Rights have their origins in many sources, including England's Bill of Rights, the United States Bill of Rights and France's Declaration of the Rights of Man.


Context: fundamental rights in the indian constitution have been taken from

Context: They have their origins in many sources, including England's Bill of Rights, the United States Bill of Rights and France's Declaration of the Rights of Man.

Question: how many fundamental rights are there?

Answer: There are six fundamental rights.

There are six fundamental rights recognised by the Indian constitution:


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Question: can you mention few of them?

Answer: "Freedom of speech”, "Freedom of assembly” and “Freedom of religion” are some of them.

Explanation: These include individual rights common to most, such as equality before the law, freedom of speech and freedom of expression, religious and cultural freedom, Freedom of assembly (peaceful assembly), freedom of religion (freedom to practice religion), right to constitutional remedies for the protection of civil rights by means of writs such as Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Writ of Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto.


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: "Freedom of speech”, "Freedom of assembly” and “Freedom of religion” are some of them.

Question: what are the signification the these rights?

Answer: They help not only in protection but also the prevention of gross violations of human rights. They emphasise on the fundamental unity of India by guaranteeing to all citizens the access and use of the same facilities, irrespective of background.

Explanation: These fundamental rights help not only in protection but also the prevention of gross violations of human rights. They emphasise on the fundamental unity of India by guaranteeing to all citizens the access and use of the same facilities, irrespective of background.

Fundamental rights in India [SEP] Significance and characteristics

They emphasise on the fundamental unity of India by guaranteeing to all citizens the access and use of the same facilities, irrespective of background. Some fundamental rights apply for persons of any nationality whereas others are available only to the citizens of India. The right to life and personal liberty is available to all people and so is the right to freedom of religion. On the other hand, freedoms of speech and expression and freedom to reside and settle in any part of the country are reserved for citizens alone, including non-resident Indian citizens. The right to equality in matters of public employment cannot be conferred to overseas citizens of India.


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: what are the signification the these rights?

Context: They help not only in protection but also the prevention of gross violations of human rights. They emphasise on the fundamental unity of India by guaranteeing to all citizens the access and use of the same facilities, irrespective of background.

Question: what is right to equality?

Answer: It is the principal foundation of all other rights and liberties and guarantees.

Fundamental rights in India [SEP] Right to equality

The right to equality is an important right provided in . It is the principal foundation of all other rights and liberties and guarantees:


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: what is right to equality?

Context: It is the principal foundation of all other rights and liberties and guarantees.

Question: which article covered this right?

Answer: Articles 12 to 35

Fundamental rights are those rights which are essential for intellectual, moral and spiritual development of citizens of India. As these rights are fundamental or essential for existence and all-round development of individuals, they are called 'Fundamental rights'. These are enshrined in Part III (Articles 12 to 35) of the Constitution of India. These include individual rights common to most, such as equality before the law, freedom of speech and freedom of expression, religious and cultural freedom, Freedom of assembly (peaceful assembly), freedom of religion (freedom to practice religion), right to constitutional remedies for the protection of civil rights by means of writs such as Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Writ of Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto.


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: what is right to equality?

Context: which article covered this right?

Context: Articles 12 to 35

Question: what can you tell me about the right which is for constitutional remedies?

Answer: It empowers the citizens to move to a court of law in case of any denial of the fundamental rights.

Fundamental rights in India [SEP] Right to constitutional remedies

Right to constitutional remedies (Articles 32 to 35) empowers the citizens to move to a court of law in case of any denial of the fundamental rights. For instance, in case of imprisonment, any citizen can ask the court to see if it is according to the provisions of the law of the country by lodging a public interest litigation. If the court finds that it is not, the person must be freed. This procedure of asking the courts to preserve or safeguard the citizen's fundamental rights can be done in various ways. The courts can issue various kinds of writs protecting the rights of the citizens.


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: what is right to equality?

Context: which article covered this right?

Context: Articles 12 to 35

Context: what can you tell me about the right which is for constitutional remedies?

Context: It empowers the citizens to move to a court of law in case of any denial of the fundamental rights.

Question: which court is involved if there is any violations of fundamental rights?

Answer: The Supreme Court of India

Explanation: Though the rights conferred by the constitution other than fundamental rights are also valid rights protected by the judiciary, in case of fundamental rights violations, the Supreme Court of India can be approached directly for ultimate justice as per Article 32.


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: what is right to equality?

Context: which article covered this right?

Context: Articles 12 to 35

Context: which court is involved if there is any violations of fundamental rights?

Context: The Supreme Court of India

Question: when was this court established?

Answer: 28 January 1950.

Supreme Court of India [SEP] History

The Supreme Court of India came into being on 28 January 1950. It replaced both the Federal Court of India and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council which were then at the apex of the Indian court system. The first proceedings and inauguration, however, took place on 28 January 1950 at 9:45 am, when the judges took their seats. Which is thus regarded as the official date of establishment. The Supreme Court initially had its seat at the Chamber of Princes in the parliament building where the previous Federal Court of India sat from 1937 to 1950. The first Chief Justice of India was H.


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: what is right to equality?

Context: which article covered this right?

Context: Articles 12 to 35

Context: The Supreme Court of India

Context: when was this court established?

Context: 28 January 1950.

Question: where is it located?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Supreme Court of India [SEP] History

In 1861, the "Indian High Courts Act 1861" was enacted to create high courts for various provinces and abolished supreme courts at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay and also the s"adar adalats" in presidency towns in their respective regions. These new high courts had the distinction of being the highest courts for all cases till the creation of the Federal Court of India under the "Government of India Act 1935". The Federal Court had jurisdiction to solve disputes between provinces and federal states and hear appeals against judgement of the high courts. The first CJI of India was H. J. Kania.


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: what is right to equality?

Context: which article covered this right?

Context: Articles 12 to 35

Context: The Supreme Court of India

Context: when was this court established?

Context: 28 January 1950.

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how many judges does the above mentioned court consist of?

Answer: 34 numbers as of 2019.

Supreme Court of India [SEP] Size of the court

Initially, the Constitution of India provided for a supreme court with a chief justice and 7 judges. In the early years, a full bench of the Supreme Court sat together to hear the cases presented before them. As the work of the Court increased and cases began to accumulate, Parliament increased the number of judges (including the Chief Justice) from the original 8 in 1950 to 11 in 1956, 14 in 1960, 18 in 1978, 26 in 1986, 31 in 2009, to 34 in 2019. As the number of the judges has increased, they sit in smaller benches of two or three (referred to as a division bench)—coming together in larger benches of five or more (referred to as a constitution bench) when required to settle fundamental questions of law.


Context: how many fundamental rights are there?

Context: There are six fundamental rights.

Context: can you mention few of them?

Context: what is right to equality?

Context: which article covered this right?

Context: Articles 12 to 35

Context: The Supreme Court of India

Context: when was this court established?

Context: 28 January 1950.

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how many judges does the above mentioned court consist of?

Context: 34 numbers as of 2019.

Question: what is the expected salary of the judges there?

Answer: He draws a salary of per month—equivalent to the most-senior civil servant of the Indian government.

Supreme Court of India [SEP] Salary

Article 125 of the Indian constitution leaves it to the Indian parliament to determine the salary, other allowances, leave of absence, pension, etc. of the supreme court judges. However, the parliament cannot alter any of these privileges rights to the judge's disadvantage after his/her appointment. A judge of the supreme court draws a salary of per month—equivalent to the most-senior civil servant of the Indian government, Cabinet Secretary of India—while the chief justice earns per month.


Question: soccer team that won the most world cups

Answer: Brazil

FIFA World Cup [SEP] Introduction

In the tournament phase, 32 teams, including the automatically qualifying host nation(s), compete for the title at venues within the host nation(s) over about a month. The 21 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina, France, and inaugural winner Uruguay, with two titles each; and England and Spain, with one title each.


Context: soccer team that won the most world cups

Context: Brazil

Question: when was this competition started?

Answer: 1930

FIFA World Cup [SEP] Introduction

The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the "" (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The current champion is France, which won its second title at the 2018 tournament in Russia. The current format involves a qualification phase, which takes place over the preceding three years, to determine which teams qualify for the tournament phase.