Context: Thanos

Context: when was this movie released?

Context: by whom is it diercted?

Context: James Gunn

Context: and produced by?

Context: Kevin Feige

Context: what is the movie about?

Context: who worked on the music for this one?

Context: Tyler Bates

Context: where is this person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: has he worked on any other movies?

Context: what is the first one?

Context: It  is the ninth studio album by American rock band Marilyn Manson

Question: how was it received by the people?

Answer: Numerous publications referred to it as being the band's best album in over 15 years.

Explanation: Numerous publications referred to it as being the band's best album in over 15 years. Alec Chillingworth of Stereoboard suggested that it saw Manson "climbing back to the creative summit he fell from following "Holy Wood"." He praised the record for its musical diversity, saying that "by expanding his palette and finally getting it right, it reinstates Marilyn Manson as a relevant musical force, and an elder statesman of the industrial scene." He awarded the album four out of five stars. Several other writers compared it to "Mechanical Animals" (1998). A writer for the blog "Sonic Abuse" said it was grander in scope than any of their albums since late 90s, and ranked it among the best releases of the band's discography.

The Pale Emperor [SEP] Critical reception

"The Pale Emperor" received generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from music critics, the album received an average score of 71, indicating generally favorable reviews, based on 19 publications. Numerous publications referred to it as being the band's best album in over 15 years. Alec Chillingworth of Stereoboard suggested that it saw Manson "climbing back to the creative summit he fell from following "Holy Wood"." He praised the record for its musical diversity, saying that "by expanding his palette and finally getting it right, it reinstates Marilyn Manson as a relevant musical force, and an elder statesman of the industrial scene." He awarded the album four out of five stars.


Context: who plays bad guy in guardians of the galaxy

Context: Thanos

Context: when was this movie released?

Context: July 21, 2014 at the Dolby Theatre and August 1 in  United States

Context: by whom is it diercted?

Context: James Gunn

Context: and produced by?

Context: Kevin Feige

Context: what is the movie about?

Context: In the film, Peter Quill and a group of extraterrestrial criminals go on the run after stealing a powerful artifact.

Context: who worked on the music for this one?

Context: Tyler Bates

Context: where is this person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: has he worked on any other movies?

Context: Yes, "Dawn of the Dead, 300, Sucker Punch," and the "John Wick"

Context: any other projects that he has worked on?

Context: He co-wrote and produced Marilyn Manson's record "The Pale Emperor", he also composed the song, "Monsters After Dark" for the night Halloween mode of the ride

Context: what is the first one?

Context: how was it received by the people?

Context: Numerous publications referred to it as being the band's best album in over 15 years.

Question: and was it commercially successful in the market?

Answer: Yes, the album debuted at number eight on the chart with sales of over 51,000 album-equivalent units, of which 49,000 units

The Pale Emperor [SEP] Commercial performance

Industry forecasters predicted that "The Pale Emperor" was on course for a top ten debut on the "Billboard" 200, with estimated first-week sales of around 42,000 units. The album debuted at number eight on the chart with sales of over 51,000 album-equivalent units, of which 49,000 units were "pure" album sales—that is, traditional copies of the album, rather than units calculated as a measure of track sales or streaming. This was the band's highest opening-week figure since "Eat Me, Drink Me" debuted at the same position with 88,000 copies in 2007, and was their sixth consecutive top ten album. It also debuted at number six on "Billboard"s Top Albums Sales—the current equivalent of the "Billboard" 200 before it was reconfigured to accommodate track sales and streaming—as well as number three on Top Rock Albums and number one on the Top Hard Rock Albums charts.


Context: Thanos

Context: when was this movie released?

Context: by whom is it diercted?

Context: James Gunn

Context: and produced by?

Context: Kevin Feige

Context: what is the movie about?

Context: who worked on the music for this one?

Context: Tyler Bates

Context: where is this person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: has he worked on any other movies?

Context: what is the first one?

Context: how was it received by the people?

Context: and was it commercially successful in the market?

Context: Yes, the album debuted at number eight on the chart with sales of over 51,000 album-equivalent units, of which 49,000 units

Question: who all are the members of this band?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: what is maya stelae?

Answer: Monuments that were fashioned by the Maya civilization

Maya stelae [SEP] Introduction

Maya stelae (singular stela) are monuments that were fashioned by the Maya civilization of ancient Mesoamerica. They consist of tall, sculpted stone shafts and are often associated with low circular stones referred to as altars, although their actual function is uncertain. Many stelae were sculpted in low relief, although plain monuments are found throughout the Maya region. The sculpting of these monuments spread throughout the Maya area during the Classic Period (250–900 AD), and these pairings of sculpted stelae and circular altars are considered a hallmark of Classic Maya civilization. The earliest dated stela to have been found "in situ" in the Maya lowlands was recovered from the great city of Tikal in Guatemala.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: Monuments that were fashioned by the Maya civilization

Question: do these have any role in religious rituals?

Answer: Yes. "kʼaltun" binding ritual, in which the stela was wrapped in bands of tied cloth

Maya stelae [SEP] Ritual significance

Stelae were considered to be invested with holiness and, perhaps, even to contain a divine soul-like essence that almost made them living beings. Some were apparently given individual names in hieroglyphic texts and were considered to be participants in rituals conducted at their location. Such rituals in the Classic Period appear to have included a "kʼaltun" binding ritual, in which the stela was wrapped in bands of tied cloth. This ritual was closely tied to the "kʼatun"-ending calendrical ceremony. A "kʼaltun" ritual is depicted carved onto a peccary skull deposited as a funerary offering at Copán, the scene shows two nobles flanking a stela-altar pair where the stela seems to have been bound with cloth.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: do these have any role in religious rituals?

Context: Yes. "kʼaltun" binding ritual, in which the stela was wrapped in bands of tied cloth

Question: where is it manufactured?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Maya stelae [SEP] Ritual significance


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where is the afore-mentioned civilization found?

Answer: Southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador

Maya civilization [SEP] Introduction

The Maya civilization () was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its logosyllabic script—the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system in pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system. The Maya civilization developed in an area that encompasses southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. This region consists of the northern lowlands encompassing the Yucatán Peninsula, and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, running from the Mexican state of Chiapas, across southern Guatemala and onwards into El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is the afore-mentioned civilization found?

Context: Southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador

Question: what were the warriors of these people called?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Maya civilization [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what were the warriors of these people called?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what type of script does this language use?

Answer: Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts

Maya civilization [SEP] Writing and literacy

The Maya writing system is one of the outstanding achievements of the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Americas. It was the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system of more than a dozen systems that developed in Mesoamerica. The earliest inscriptions in an identifiably Maya script date back to 300–200 BC, in the Petén Basin. However, this is preceded by several other Mesoamerican writing systems, such as the Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts. Early Maya script had appeared on the Pacific coast of Guatemala by the late 1st century AD, or early 2nd century. Similarities between the Isthmian script and Early Maya script of the Pacific coast suggest that the two systems developed in tandem.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what type of script does this language use?

Context: Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts

Question: are they associated with the creation of any calendar?

Answer: Yes. They developed the calendar to its maximum sophistication, recording lunar and solar cycles, eclipses and movements of planets with great accuracy

Maya civilization [SEP] Calendar

The Maya calendrical system, in common with other Mesoamerican calendars, had its origins in the Preclassic period. However, it was the Maya that developed the calendar to its maximum sophistication, recording lunar and solar cycles, eclipses and movements of planets with great accuracy. In some cases, the Maya calculations were more accurate than equivalent calculations in the Old World; for example, the Maya solar year was calculated to greater accuracy than the Julian year. The Maya calendar was intrinsically tied to Maya ritual, and it was central to Maya religious practices. The calendar combined a non-repeating Long Count with three interlocking cycles, each measuring a progressively larger period.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts

Context: are they associated with the creation of any calendar?

Context: Yes. They developed the calendar to its maximum sophistication, recording lunar and solar cycles, eclipses and movements of planets with great accuracy

Question: what was this calendar called?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Maya civilization [SEP] Calendar


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts

Context: what was this calendar called?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: was the above-mentioned latter script found on any monument?

Answer: Yes. Monument 3 (also described as "Danzante", lit. "dancer") from San Jose Mogote, Oaxaca

Zapotec writing [SEP] San Jose Mogote Monument 3 ("Danzante")

Monument 3 (also described as "Danzante", lit. "dancer") from San Jose Mogote, Oaxaca, is considered to contain the earliest example of Zapotec writing. Placed as a doorstep to the ceremonial structure, it has a relief of what appears to be a dead and bloodied captive. The 19th century notion that such monuments, also found at Monte Albán, represent dancers is now largely discredited, are now seen to clearly represent tortured, sacrificed war prisoners. Glyphs on the San Jose Mogote Danzante depict drops of blood and a possible calendar day-name "1 Earthquake." By 500 BCE, San José Mogote's 1000 years of dominance ended, and it was relegated to the status of a lesser community that fell under Monte Albán's control.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts

Context: what was this calendar called?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was the above-mentioned latter script found on any monument?

Context: Yes. Monument 3 (also described as "Danzante", lit. "dancer") from San Jose Mogote, Oaxaca

Question: who are the local people found in the last region mentioned?

Answer: Zapotec or Mixtec

Oaxaca [SEP] Indigenous peoples

This also has the effect of dividing the state into small secluded communities, which have developed independently over time. There are 16 ethno linguistic groups recognized by the Instituto Nacional Indigenista who maintain their individual languages, customs and traditions well into the colonial period and to some extent to the present day. However, some studies put the number of cultures in the state as high as 4,000. This makes Oaxaca the most ethnically complex of Mexico's 31 states. The most populous indigenous groups in Oaxaca are the Zapotec or Mixtec. Several other languages of the Oto-Manguean languages are spoken in Oaxaca: The Triques, Amuzgos and Cuicatecs are linguistically most closely related to the Mixtecs, The languages of the Chocho, Popoloca and Ixcatec peoples are most closely related to that of the Mazatecs.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts

Context: what was this calendar called?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who are the local people found in the last region mentioned?

Context: Zapotec or Mixtec

Question: what type of cultivation was done in this place?

Answer: Grains, agave, peanuts, mango and sugar cane

Oaxaca [SEP] Agriculture

Only 81,197 hectares have irrigation. The variation of climate allows for a wider range of agricultural crops than would otherwise grow in a geographical region of this size. Oaxaca is the nation's second highest producer of grains and agave. It is third in the production of peanuts, mango and sugar cane. It is the second largest producer of goat meat, providing about 10% of the national total. In the more temperate areas crops such as corn, beans, sorghum, peanuts, alfalfa and wheat are grown. In more tropical areas, crops also include coffee, sesame seed, rice, sugar cane and pineapple. Livestock is raised on 3,050,106 hectares or 32% of the state's land.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts

Context: what was this calendar called?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Zapotec or Mixtec

Context: what type of cultivation was done in this place?

Context: Grains, agave, peanuts, mango and sugar cane

Question: what is the major religion followed here?

Answer: Ritualistitic and shamanic religious practices and Christianity

Oaxaca [SEP] Religion

Ritualistitic and shamanic religious practices were prevalent in Oaxaca valley, until the Spanish invaded the valley in 1521. Proselytism was also started in 1521, Christianity was ushered into the valley and eventually took firm roots. The ancient religious practices have been dated by archaeological findings (over a 15 years period of excavations by two Archaeologists of Michigan University) to be more than 7000 years old. Initially, 7000 years ago, the people were "hunters and gatherers with no fixed abode". With development of agricultural practices, with maize as the main crop and settled villages getting established over several centuries, a warrior type of societal culture evolved by 500 BC, with the Zapotec state getting into shape.


Context: what is maya stelae?

Context: where is it manufactured?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Epi-Olmec and Zapotec scripts

Context: what was this calendar called?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Zapotec or Mixtec

Context: what is the major religion followed here?

Context: Ritualistitic and shamanic religious practices and Christianity

Question: any major artwork created by the latter people mentioned above?

Answer: The best known story of the Mixtec Codices is that of Lord Eight Deer

Mixtec [SEP] Language, codices, and artwork

The Mixtecan languages (in their many variants) were estimated to be spoken by about 300,000 people at the end of the 20th century, although the majority of Mixtec speakers also had at least a working knowledge of the Spanish language. Some Mixtecan languages are called by names other than Mixtec, particularly Cuicatec (Cuicateco), and Triqui (or Trique). The Mixtec are well known in the anthropological world for their Codices, or phonetic pictures in which they wrote their history and genealogies in deerskin in the "fold-book" form. The best known story of the Mixtec Codices is that of Lord Eight Deer, named after the day in which he was born, whose personal name is Jaguar Claw, and whose epic history is related in several codices, including the Codex Bodley and Codex Zouche-Nuttall.


Question: what is earth?

Answer: Third planet from the Sun

Earth [SEP] Introduction

Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. About 29% of Earth's surface is land consisting of continents and islands. The remaining 71% is covered with water, mostly by oceans but also lakes, rivers and other fresh water, which together constitute the hydrosphere. The majority of Earth's polar regions are covered in ice, including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack. Earth's outer layer is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over many millions of years. Earth's interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates Earth's magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics.


Context:
what is earth?
Third planet from the Sun

Question: what is its shape?

Answer: Nearly spherical

Earth [SEP] Shape

The shape of Earth is nearly spherical. There is a small flattening at the poles and bulging around the equator due to Earth's rotation. To second order, Earth is approximately an oblate spheroid, whose equatorial diameter is larger than the pole-to-pole diameter, although the variation is less than 1% of the average radius of the Earth. The point on the surface farthest from Earth's center of mass is the summit of the equatorial Chimborazo volcano in Ecuador (). The average diameter of the reference spheroid is . Local topography deviates from this idealized spheroid, although on a global scale these deviations are small compared to Earth's radius: the maximum deviation of only 0.17% is at the Mariana Trench ( below local sea level), whereas Mount Everest ( above local sea level) represents a deviation of 0.14%.


Context:
what is earth?
Third planet from the Sun
what is its shape?
Nearly spherical

Question: when did its formation start?

Answer: Ga ago

Earth [SEP] Formation

The oldest material found in the Solar System is dated to Ga (billion years) ago. By the primordial Earth had formed. The bodies in the Solar System formed and evolved with the Sun. In theory, a solar nebula partitions a volume out of a molecular cloud by gravitational collapse, which begins to spin and flatten into a circumstellar disk, and then the planets grow out of that disk with the Sun. A nebula contains gas, ice grains, and dust (including primordial nuclides). According to nebular theory, planetesimals formed by accretion, with the primordial Earth taking 10– (Mys) to form. A subject of research is the formation of the Moon, some 4.53 Ga.


Context:
what is earth?
Third planet from the Sun
what is its shape?
Nearly spherical
when did its formation start?
Ga ago

Question: what is its chemical composition?

Answer: Iron, oxygen, silicon, magnesium, sulphur, nickel, calcium, and aluminum, and trace amounts of other elements.

Earth [SEP] Chemical composition

Earth's mass is approximately (5,970 Yg). It is composed mostly of iron (32.1%), oxygen (30.1%), silicon (15.1%), magnesium (13.9%), sulphur (2.9%), nickel (1.8%), calcium (1.5%), and aluminum (1.4%), with the remaining 1.2% consisting of trace amounts of other elements. Due to mass segregation, the core region is estimated to be primarily composed of iron (88.8%), with smaller amounts of nickel (5.8%), sulphur (4.5%), and less than 1% trace elements. The most common rock constituents of the crust are nearly all oxides: chlorine, sulphur, and fluorine are the important exceptions to this and their total amount in any rock is usually much less than 1%.


Context: what is earth?

Context: Third planet from the Sun

Context: what is its shape?

Context: Nearly spherical

Context: when did its formation start?

Context: Ga ago

Context: what is its chemical composition?

Context: Iron, oxygen, silicon, magnesium, sulphur, nickel, calcium, and aluminum, and trace amounts of other elements.

Question: when was the third mentioned composition discovered?

Answer: 1787

Silicon [SEP] Discovery

In 1787, Antoine Lavoisier suspected that silica might be an oxide of a fundamental chemical element, but the chemical affinity of silicon for oxygen is high enough that he had no means to reduce the oxide and isolate the element. After an attempt to isolate silicon in 1808, Sir Humphry Davy proposed the name "silicium" for silicon, from the Latin "silex", "silicis" for flint, and adding the "-ium" ending because he believed it to be a metal. Most other languages use transliterated forms of Davy's name, sometimes adapted to local phonology (e.g. German "Silizium", Turkish "silisyum"). A few others use instead a calque of the Latin root (e.g.


Context: what is earth?

Context: Third planet from the Sun

Context: what is its shape?

Context: Nearly spherical

Context: when did its formation start?

Context: Ga ago

Context: what is its chemical composition?

Context: when was the third mentioned composition discovered?

Question: what is its crystal structure?

Answer: Crystallises in a giant covalent structure at standard conditions, specifically in a diamond cubic lattice.

Silicon [SEP] Crystal structure

Silicon crystallises in a giant covalent structure at standard conditions, specifically in a diamond cubic lattice. It thus has a high melting point of 1414 °C, as a lot of energy is required to break the strong covalent bonds and melt the solid. It is not known to have any allotropes at standard pressure, but several other crystal structures are known at higher pressures. The general trend is one of increasing coordination number with pressure, culminating in a hexagonal close-packed allotrope at about 40 gigapascals known as Si–VII (the standard modification being Si–I). Silicon boils at 3265 °C: this, while high, is still lower than the temperature at which its lighter congener carbon sublimes (3642 °C) and silicon similarly has a lower heat of vaporisation than carbon, consistent with the fact that the Si–Si bond is weaker than the C–C bond.


Context: what is earth?

Context: Third planet from the Sun

Context: what is its shape?

Context: Nearly spherical

Context: when did its formation start?

Context: Ga ago

Context: what is its chemical composition?

Context: what is its crystal structure?

Context: Crystallises in a giant covalent structure at standard conditions, specifically in a diamond cubic lattice.

Question: what are its alloys?

Answer: Ferrosilicon or silicocalcium and aluminium-silicon (silumin)

Explanation:
Elemental silicon is added to molten cast iron as ferrosilicon or silicocalcium alloys to improve performance in casting thin sections and to prevent the formation of cementite where exposed to outside air. The presence of elemental silicon in molten iron acts as a sink for oxygen, so that the steel carbon content, which must be kept within narrow limits for each type of steel, can be more closely controlled. Ferrosilicon production and use is a monitor of the steel industry, and although this form of elemental silicon is grossly impure, it accounts for 80% of the world's use of free silicon. Silicon is an important constituent of electrical steel, modifying its resistivity and ferromagnetic properties.

The properties of silicon may be used to modify alloys with metals other than iron. "Metallurgical grade" silicon is silicon of 95–99% purity. About 55% of the world consumption of metallurgical purity silicon goes for production of aluminium-silicon alloys (silumin alloys) for alumini

Silicon [SEP] Alloys


Context: what is earth?

Context: Third planet from the Sun

Context: what is its shape?

Context: Nearly spherical

Context: when did its formation start?

Context: Ga ago

Context: what is its chemical composition?

Context: what is its crystal structure?

Context: what are its alloys?

Context: Ferrosilicon or silicocalcium and aluminium-silicon (silumin)

Question: what is the production like of the former mentioned alloy?

Answer: Reduction of silica or sand with coke in the presence of iron.

Ferrosilicon [SEP] Production and reactions

Ferrosilicon is produced by reduction of silica or sand with coke in the presence of iron. Typical sources of iron are scrap iron or millscale. Ferrosilicons with silicon content up to about 15% are made in blast furnaces lined with acid fire bricks. Ferrosilicons with higher silicon content are made in electric arc furnaces. The usual formulations on the market are ferrosilicons with 15%, 45%, 75%, and 90% silicon. The remainder is iron, with about 2% consisting of other elements like aluminium and calcium. An overabundance of silica is used to prevent formation of silicon carbide. Microsilica is a useful byproduct.


Context: what is earth?

Context: Third planet from the Sun

Context: what is its shape?

Context: Nearly spherical

Context: when did its formation start?

Context: Ga ago

Context: what is its chemical composition?

Context: what is its crystal structure?

Context: what are its alloys?

Context: what is the production like of the former mentioned alloy?

Context: Reduction of silica or sand with coke in the presence of iron.

Question: what is its uses?

Answer: To reduce metals from their oxides and to deoxidize steel and other ferrous alloys.

Ferrosilicon [SEP] Uses

Ferrosilicon is used as a source of silicon to reduce metals from their oxides and to deoxidize steel and other ferrous alloys. This prevents the loss of carbon from the molten steel (so called "blocking the heat"); ferromanganese, spiegeleisen, calcium silicides, and many other materials are used for the same purpose. It can be used to make other ferroalloys. Ferrosilicon is also used for manufacture of silicon, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant ferrous silicon alloys, and silicon steel for electromotors and transformer cores. In the manufacture of cast iron, ferrosilicon is used for inoculation of the iron to accelerate graphitization. In arc welding, ferrosilicon can be found in some electrode coatings.


Context: what is earth?

Context: Third planet from the Sun

Context: what is its shape?

Context: Nearly spherical

Context: when did its formation start?

Context: Ga ago

Context: what is its chemical composition?

Context: what is its crystal structure?

Context: what are its alloys?

Context: what is its uses?

Context: To reduce metals from their oxides and to deoxidize steel and other ferrous alloys.

Question: what is its hydrogen production?

Answer: Military uses ferrosilicon method to quickly produce hydrogen for balloons.

Ferrosilicon [SEP] Hydrogen production

Ferrosilicon is used by the military to quickly produce hydrogen for balloons by the ferrosilicon method. The chemical reaction uses sodium hydroxide, ferrosilicon, and water. The generator is small enough to fit in a truck and requires only a small amount of electric power, the materials are stable and not combustible, and they do not generate hydrogen until mixed. The method has been in use since World War I. Prior to this, the process and purity of hydrogen generation relying on steam passing over hot iron was difficult to control. While in the "silicol" process, a heavy steel pressure vessel is filled with sodium hydroxide and ferrosilicon, and upon closing, a controlled amount of water is added; the dissolving of the hydroxide heats the mixture to about and starts the reaction; sodium silicate, hydrogen and steam are produced.


Question: where is the pancreas gland located and what does it do

Answer: It is located in the abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a gland

Explanation: The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates. In humans, it is located in the abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a gland. The pancreas has both an endocrine and a digestive exocrine function. As an endocrine gland, it functions mostly to regulate blood sugar levels, secreting the hormones insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. As a part of the digestive system, it functions as an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic juice into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct. This juice contains bicarbonate, which neutralizes acid entering the duodenum from the stomach; and digestive enzymes, which break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in food entering the duodenum from the stomach.

Pancreas [SEP] Introduction


Context: where is the pancreas gland located and what does it do

Context: It is located in the abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a gland

Question: which diseases are caused if this organ does not operate at its best?

Answer: Diabetes

Pancreas [SEP] Type 1 diabetes

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the insulin-secreting beta cells of the pancreas. Insulin is needed to keep blood sugar levels within optimal ranges, and its lack can lead to high blood sugar. As an untreated chronic condition, complications including accelerated vascular disease, diabetic retinopathy, kidney disease and neuropathy can result. In addition, if there is not enough insulin for glucose to be used within cells, the medical emergency diabetic ketoacidosis, which is often the first symptom that a person with type 1 diabetes may have, can result. Type 1 diabetes can develop at any age but is most often diagnosed before age 40.


Context: which diseases are caused if this organ does not operate at its best?

Context: Diabetes

Question: can a human live normally if this organ is taken out from their system?

Answer: It is possible for a person to live without a pancreas, provided that the person takes insulin for proper regulation of blood glucose concentration and pancreatic enzyme supplements to aid digestion.

Explanation: It is possible for a person to live without a pancreas, provided that the person takes insulin for proper regulation of blood glucose concentration and pancreatic enzyme supplements to aid digestion.

Pancreas [SEP] Removal


Context: Diabetes

Context: can a human live normally if this organ is taken out from their system?

Context: It is possible for a person to live without a pancreas, provided that the person takes insulin for proper regulation of blood glucose concentration and pancreatic enzyme supplements to aid digestion.

Question: is this organ present in other living organisms as well?

Answer: Yes it is present in all vertebrates but its precise form and arrangement varies widely.

Pancreas [SEP] Other animals

Pancreatic tissue is present in all vertebrates, but its precise form and arrangement varies widely. There may be up to three separate pancreases, two of which arise from ventral buds, and the other dorsally. In most species (including humans), these "fuse" in the adult, but there are several exceptions. Even when a single pancreas is present, two or three pancreatic ducts may persist, each draining separately into the duodenum (or equivalent part of the foregut). Birds, for example, typically have three such ducts. In teleosts, and a few other species (such as rabbits), there is no discrete pancreas at all, with pancreatic tissue being distributed diffusely across the mesentery and even within other nearby organs, such as the liver or spleen.


Context: Diabetes

Context: is this organ present in other living organisms as well?

Context: Yes it is present in all vertebrates but its precise form and arrangement varies widely.

Question: what is the meaning of the above type of species?

Answer: Vertebrates () comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata () (chordates with backbones).

Vertebrate [SEP] Introduction

Vertebrates () comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata () (chordates with backbones). Vertebrates represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, with currently about 69,963 species described. Vertebrates include such groups as the following: Extant vertebrates range in size from the frog species "Paedophryne amauensis", at as little as , to the blue whale, at up to . Vertebrates make up less than five percent of all described animal species; the rest are invertebrates, which lack vertebral columns. The vertebrates traditionally include the hagfish, which do not have proper vertebrae due to their loss in evolution, though their closest living relatives, the lampreys, do.


Context: Diabetes

Context: what is the meaning of the above type of species?

Context: Vertebrates () comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata () (chordates with backbones).

Question: could you name a few animals that fall under this type?

Answer: They range in size from frog species "Paedophryne amauensis", at as little as , to the blue whale,

Explanation: Extant vertebrates range in size from the frog species "Paedophryne amauensis", at as little as , to the blue whale, at up to . Vertebrates make up less than five percent of all described animal species; the rest are invertebrates, which lack vertebral columns.

Vertebrate [SEP] Introduction


Context: Diabetes

Context: could you name a few animals that fall under this type?

Context: They range in size from frog species "Paedophryne amauensis", at as little as , to the blue whale,

Question: what is the size of the latter?

Answer: It can reach length of 29.9 meters (98 feet)

Explanation: The blue whale ("Balaenoptera musculus") is a marine mammal belonging to the baleen whale suborder Mysticeti. Reaching a maximum confirmed length of 29.9 meters (98 feet) and weight of 173 tonnes (190 tons), it is the largest animal known to have ever existed. The blue whale’s long and slender body can be various shades of grayish-blue dorsally and somewhat lighter underneath.

Blue whale [SEP] Introduction

The blue whale ("Balaenoptera musculus") is a marine mammal belonging to the baleen whale suborder Mysticeti. Reaching a maximum confirmed length of 29.9 meters (98 feet) and weight of 173 tonnes (190 tons), it is the largest animal known to have ever existed. The blue whale's long and slender body can be various shades of grayish-blue dorsally and somewhat lighter underneath. There are currently five subspecies of blue whale, recognized by the Society for Marine Mammalogy's Committee on Taxonomy: "B. m. musculus" in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, "B. m. intermedia" in the Southern Ocean, "B. m. brevicauda" (the pygmy blue whale) in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, "B.


Context: Diabetes

Context: what is the size of the latter?

Context: It can reach length of 29.9 meters (98 feet)

Question: what does it eat?

Answer: Euphausiids (krill)

Blue whale [SEP] Diet and feeding

The blue whale diet consists almost exclusively of euphausiids (krill) except off Sri Lanka. Blue whales have been observed near Magdalena Bay (along the western coast of Baja California, Mexico) feeding on pelagic red crabs. However, this has not been confirmed by recent observations or fecal samples. Other accidental or opportunistic consumption of copepods and amphipods have been documented. Blue whales feed on krill at the surface and at depths greater than 328 ft (100 m), following their prey's diel vertical migration through the water column. The main prey species of krill targeted by blue whales varies among habitat in the different ocean basins.


Context: Diabetes

Context: what is the size of the latter?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Euphausiids (krill)

Question: how long can they live?

Answer: Upto 73 years

Explanation: The most reliable age estimations are from ear plugs. Blue whales secrete earwax (cerumen) throughout their lives forming long, multilayered plugs. Each chronologically deposited light and dark layer (lamina) indicate a switch between fasting during migration and feeding, and one set is laid down per year, and thus the number of these layers can be used as an indicator of age. The maximum age determined from earplug laminae for a pygmy whale is 73 years (n=1133). Prior to the development of ear plugs as an ageing method, layers in baleen plates were used, but these wear down and are not a reliable measure. In

Blue whale [SEP] Life span


Context: Diabetes

Context: what is the size of the latter?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Euphausiids (krill)

Context: how long can they live?

Context: Upto 73 years

Question: with regards to the organ we were discussing earlier, what happens when if it gets swollen?

Answer: It causes intense pain in the central abdomen, that often radiates to the back, and may be associated with nausea or vomiting

Explanation: Inflammation of the pancreas is known as pancreatitis. Pancreatitis is most often associated with recurrent gallstones or chronic alcohol use, with other common causes including traumatic damage, damage following an ERCP, some medications, infections such as mumps and very high blood triglyceride levels. Acute pancreatitis is likely to cause intense pain in the central abdomen, that often radiates to the back, and may be associated with nausea or vomiting. Severe pancreatitis may lead to bleeding or perforation of the pancreas resulting in shock or a systemic inflammatory response syndrome, bruising of the flanks or the region around the belly button. These severe complications are often managed in an intensive care unit.

Pancreas [SEP] Inflammation

Chronic pancreatitis refers to the development of pancreatitis over time. It shares many similar causes, with the most common being chronic alcohol use, with other causes including recurrent acute episodes and cystic fibrosis. Abdominal pain, characteristically relieved by sitting forward or drinking alcohol, is the most common symptom. When the digestive function of the pancreas is severely affected, this may lead to problems with fat digestion and the development of steatorrhoea; when the endocrine function is affected, this may lead to diabetes. Chronic pancreatitis is investigated in a similar way to acute pancreatitis. In addition to management of pain and nausea, and management of any identified causes (which may include alcohol cessation), because of the digestive role of the pancreas, enzyme replacement may be needed to prevent malabsorption.


Context: Diabetes

Context: what is the size of the latter?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Euphausiids (krill)

Context: how long can they live?

Context: Upto 73 years

Context: with regards to the organ we were discussing earlier, what happens when if it gets swollen?

Context: It causes intense pain in the central abdomen, that often radiates to the back, and may be associated with nausea or vomiting

Question: can it be included in a humans diet?

Answer: he pancreas of calf ("ris de veau") or lamb ("ris d'agneau"), and, less commonly, of beef or pork, are used as food under the culinary name of sweetbread.

Explanation: The pancreas of calf ("ris de veau") or lamb ("ris d'agneau"), and, less commonly, of beef or pork, are used as food under the culinary name of sweetbread.

Pancreas [SEP] Cuisine


Question: who wrote season of mist and mellow fruitfulness

Answer: Keats

Explanation: Keats varies this form by the employment of Augustan inversion, sometimes using a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable at the beginning of a line, including the first: ""Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness""; and employing spondees in which two stressed syllables are placed together at the beginnings of both the following stanzas, adding emphasis to the questions that are asked: ""Who hath not seen thee..."", ""Where are the songs...?""

To Autumn [SEP] Structure


Context: who wrote season of mist and mellow fruitfulness

Context: Keats

Question: what type of literary composition is "to autumn"?

Answer: "To Autumn" has been regarded by critics as one of the most perfect short poems in the English language.

To Autumn [SEP] Introduction

The work has been interpreted as a meditation on death; as an allegory of artistic creation; as Keats's response to the Peterloo Massacre, which took place in the same year; and as an expression of nationalist sentiment. One of the most anthologised English lyric poems, "To Autumn" has been regarded by critics as one of the most perfect short poems in the English language.


Context: Keats

Context: what type of literary composition is "to autumn"?

Context: "To Autumn" has been regarded by critics as one of the most perfect short poems in the English language.

Question: what is it about?

Answer: The stanzas describe a progression through the season, from the late maturation of the crops to the harvest and to the last days of autumn when winter is nearing.

To Autumn [SEP] Introduction

A little over a year after the publication of "To Autumn", Keats died in Rome. The poem has three eleven-line stanzas which describe a progression through the season, from the late maturation of the crops to the harvest and to the last days of autumn when winter is nearing. The imagery is richly achieved through the personification of Autumn, and the description of its bounty, its sights and sounds. It has parallels in the work of English landscape artists, with Keats himself describing the fields of stubble that he saw on his walk as conveying the warmth of "some pictures".


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: The stanzas describe a progression through the season, from the late maturation of the crops to the harvest and to the last days of autumn when winter is nearing.

Question: is it related to any massacre?

Answer: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Explanation: The work has been interpreted as a meditation on death; as an allegory of artistic creation; as Keats's response to the Peterloo Massacre, which took place in the same year; and as an expression of nationalist sentiment.

To Autumn [SEP] Introduction


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Question: when did it happen?

Answer: Monday 16 August 1819

Peterloo Massacre [SEP] Introduction

The Peterloo Massacre took place at St Peter's Field, Manchester, Lancashire, England on Monday 16 August 1819. On this day, cavalry charged into a crowd of around 60,000 people who had gathered to demand the reform of parliamentary representation. After the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 there was an acute economic slump, accompanied by chronic unemployment and harvest failure, and exacerbated by the Corn Laws, which kept the price of bread high. At that time only around 11% of adult males had the vote, very few of them in the industrial north, which was worst hit. Reformers identified parliamentary reform as the solution and a mass campaign to petition parliament for manhood suffrage gained three-quarters of a million signatures in 1817 but was flatly rejected by the House of Commons.


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Question: where did it happen?

Answer: St Peter's Field, Manchester, Lancashire, England.

Peterloo Massacre [SEP] Introduction


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Context: where did it happen?

Context: St Peter's Field, Manchester, Lancashire, England.

Question: where does the second place get its name from?

Answer: The name "Manchester" originates from the Latin name "Mamucium" or its variant "Mancunio".

Manchester [SEP] Etymology

The name "Manchester" originates from the Latin name "Mamucium" or its variant "Mancunio" and the citizens are still referred to as Mancunians (). These names are generally thought to represent a Latinisation of an original Brittonic name. The generally accepted etymology of this name is that it comes from Brittonic *"mamm-" ("breast", in reference to a "breast-like hill"). However, more recent work suggests that it could come from *"mamma" ("mother", in reference to a local river goddess). Both usages are preserved in Insular Celtic languages, such as "mam" meaning "breast" in Irish and "mother" in Welsh. The suffix "-chester" is from Old English "ceaster" ("Roman fortification", itself a loanword from Latin "castra", "fort; fortified town").


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Context: where did it happen?

Context: where does the second place get its name from?

Context: The name "Manchester" originates from the Latin name "Mamucium" or its variant "Mancunio".

Question: what are the climatic conditions of this place?

Answer: A temperate oceanic climate, with warm summers and cool winters.

Manchester [SEP] Climate

Manchester experiences a temperate oceanic climate (Köppen: "Cfb"), like much of the British Isles, with warm summers and cool winters. Summer daytime temperatures regularly top 20 Celsius, quite often reaching 25 Celsius on sunny days during July and August in particular. In more recent years, temperatures have occasionally reached over 30 Celsius. There is regular but generally light precipitation throughout the year. The city's average annual rainfall is compared to a UK average of , and its mean rain days are 140.4 per annum, compared to the UK average of 154.4. Manchester has a relatively high humidity level, and this, along with abundant soft water, was one factor that led to advancement of the textile industry in the area.


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Context: where did it happen?

Context: what are the climatic conditions of this place?

Context: A temperate oceanic climate, with warm summers and cool winters.

Question: are there any museums here?

Answer: Yes - The Science and Industry Museum, the Museum of Transport, Imperial War Museum North.

Explanation:
Manchester's museums celebrate Manchester's Roman history, rich industrial heritage and its role in the Industrial Revolution, the textile industry, the Trade Union movement, women's suffrage and football. A reconstructed part of the Roman fort of Mamucium is open to the public in Castlefield. The Science and Industry Museum, housed in the former Liverpool Road railway station, has a large collection of steam locomotives, industrial machinery, aircraft and a replica of the world's first stored computer program (known as the Manchester Baby). The Museum of Transport displays a collection of historic buses and trams. Trafford Park in the neighbouring borough of Trafford is home to Imperial War Museum North. The Manchester Museum opened to the public in the 1880s, has notable Egyptology and natural history collections.
The municipally owned Manchester Art Gallery in Mosley Street houses a permanent collection of European painting and one of Britain's main collections of Pre-Raphaelite pai

Manchester [SEP] Museums and galleries


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Context: where did it happen?

Context: are there any museums here?

Context: Yes - The Science and Industry Museum, the Museum of Transport, Imperial War Museum North.

Question: where is the first one located?

Answer: It is on the site of the world's first passenger railway station – Manchester Liverpool Road.

Explanation: he museum is an Anchor Point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage and is on the site of the world's first passenger railway station – Manchester Liverpool Road – which opened as part of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in 1830. The railway station frontage and 1830 warehouse are both Grade I listed.

Science and Industry Museum [SEP] Introduction

The Science and Industry Museum in Manchester, England, traces the development of science, technology and industry with emphasis on the city's achievements in these fields. The museum is part of the Science Museum Group, a non-departmental public body of the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, having merged with the National Science Museum in 2012. There are extensive displays on the theme of transport (cars, aircraft, railway locomotives and rolling stock), power (water, electricity, steam and gas engines), Manchester's sewerage and sanitation, textiles, communications and computing. The museum is an Anchor Point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage and is on the site of the world's first passenger railway station – Manchester Liverpool Road – which opened as part of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in 1830.


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Context: where did it happen?

Context: are there any museums here?

Context: where is the first one located?

Context: It is on the site of the world's first passenger railway station – Manchester Liverpool Road.

Question: what are the exhibits here/

Answer: There are displays on the theme of transport (cars, aircraft, railway locomotives and rolling stock), power (water, electricity, steam and gas engines), Manchester's sewerage and sanitation, textiles, communications and computing.

Explanation: There are extensive displays on the theme of transport (cars, aircraft, railway locomotives and rolling stock), power (water, electricity, steam and gas engines), Manchester's sewerage and sanitation, textiles, communications and computing.


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Context: where did it happen?

Context: are there any museums here?

Context: where is the first one located?

Context: what are the exhibits here/

Context: There are displays on the theme of transport (cars, aircraft, railway locomotives and rolling stock), power (water, electricity, steam and gas engines), Manchester's sewerage and sanitation, textiles, communications and computing.

Question: by whom was this established?

Answer: The Department of History of Science & Technology.

Science and Industry Museum [SEP] History

The museum was originally called the North Western Museum of Science and Industry when it opened in 1969 in temporary premises on Grosvenor Street in Chorlton-on-Medlock. It had close ties with UMIST, having mostly grown out of the Department of History of Science & Technology. In 1978, Greater Manchester Council purchased the earliest part of the former Liverpool Road Station from British Rail, which had been closed in 1975. The council paid the nominal sum of £1 for the site. The museum opened at this site on 15 September 1983 and later expanded to include the whole of the former station.


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Context: where did it happen?

Context: are there any museums here?

Context: where is the first one located?

Context: what are the exhibits here/

Context: by whom was this established?

Context: The Department of History of Science & Technology.

Question: when?

Answer: 1969


Context: Keats

Context: what is it about?

Context: is it related to any massacre?

Context: Yes - The Peterloo Massacre.

Context: when did it happen?

Context: Monday 16 August 1819

Context: where did it happen?

Context: are there any museums here?

Context: where is the first one located?

Context: what are the exhibits here/

Context: by whom was this established?

Context: when?

Question: was there a gallery here before?

Answer: No - The museum was originally called the North Western Museum of Science and Industry when it opened in 1969 in temporary premises on Grosvenor Street in Chorlton-on-Medlock.


Question: what is the lord of the rings (1978 film)?

Answer: Its an animated dark fantasy adventure film.

The Lord of the Rings (1978 film) [SEP] Introduction

The Lord of the Rings is a 1978 animated dark fantasy adventure film directed by Ralph Bakshi. It is an adaptation of J. R. R. Tolkien's high fantasy epic "The Lord of the Rings", comprising "The Fellowship of the Ring" (1954) and the first half of "The Two Towers" (1954). Set in Middle-earth, the film follows a group of hobbits, elves, men, dwarves, and wizards who form a fellowship. They embark on a quest to destroy the One Ring made by the Dark Lord Sauron, and ensure his destruction. Ralph Bakshi encountered Tolkien's writing early in his career, and had made several attempts to produce "The Lord of the Rings" as an animated film before being given funding by producer Saul Zaentz and distributor United Artists.


Context: what is the lord of the rings (1978 film)?

Context: Its an animated dark fantasy adventure film.

Question: who directed this flim?

Answer: Ralph Bakshi.

Explanation: The Lord of the Rings is a 1978 animated dark fantasy adventure film directed by Ralph Bakshi


Context: who directed this flim?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Question: what was his early career?

Answer: Cel polisher and later cel painter.

Explanation:
. Bakshi was hired as a cel polisher and commuted four hours each day to the studio, based in suburban New Rochelle. His low-level position required Bakshi to carefully remove dirt and dust from animation cels.

After a few months, Schudde was surprised that Bakshi was still showing up to work, and promoted him to cel painter.

Ralph Bakshi [SEP] Early career (1956–1968)

Bakshi's deception was not noticed until two days later, when he was called to Schudde's office because the cels had been painted on the wrong side. When Bakshi explained that Giuliani had made the mistake, an argument ensued between the three. Schudde eventually took Bakshi's side. By this point, the studio's employees were aware of Bakshi's intention to become an animator, and he began to receive help and advice from established animators, including Connie Rasinski, Manny Davis, Jim Tyer, Larry Silverman and Johnnie Gentilella. Bakshi married his first wife, Elaine, when he was 21. Their son, Mark, was born when Bakshi was 22.


Context: who directed this flim?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what was his early career?

Context: Cel polisher and later cel painter.

Question: what were some of the animation projects he worked on?

Answer: "Fritz the Cat" , " Heavy Traffic" and others.

Explanation: By the time "Fritz the Cat" was released, Bakshi had become a celebrity, but his reputation was primarily based upon his having directed the first "dirty" animated film. Facing criticism of his work on publicity tours and in trade publications, he began writing poetry to express his emotions. This became a tradition, and Bakshi wrote poems before beginning production on each of his films. The first of these poems was "Street Arabs", which preceded the production of "Heavy Traffic" in 1972. Inspiration for the film came from penny arcades, where Bakshi often played pinball, sometimes accompanied by his 12-year-old son, Mark. Bakshi pitched "Heavy Traffic" to Samuel Z. Arkoff, who expressed interest in his take on the "tortured underground cartoonist" and agreed to back the film. Krantz had not compensated Bakshi for his work on "Fritz the Cat", and halfway through the production of "Heavy Traffic", Bakshi asked when he would be paid. Krantz responded, "The picture didn't make any money,

Ralph Bakshi [SEP] "Heavy Traffic" (1972–1973)


Context: who directed this flim?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what was his early career?

Context: Cel polisher and later cel painter.

Context: what were some of the animation projects he worked on?

Context: "Fritz the Cat" , " Heavy Traffic" and others.

Question: who directed the former mentioned?

Answer: Ralph Bakshi.

Explanation: 8. Through producer Steve Krantz, Bakshi made his debut feature film, "Fritz the Cat", released in 1972. It was based on the comic strip by Robert Crumb and was the first animated film to receive an X rating from the Motion Picture Association of America, and is the most successful independent animated feature of all time.

Ralph Bakshi [SEP] Introduction

Through producer Steve Krantz, Bakshi made his debut feature film, "Fritz the Cat", released in 1972. It was based on the comic strip by Robert Crumb and was the first animated film to receive an X rating from the Motion Picture Association of America, and is the most successful independent animated feature of all time. Over the next eleven years, Bakshi directed seven additional animated features. He is well known for such films as "Wizards" (1977), "The Lord of the Rings" (1978), "American Pop" (1981) and "Fire and Ice" (1983). In 1987, Bakshi returned to television work, producing the series "", which ran for two years.


Context: who directed this flim?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what was his early career?

Context: Cel polisher and later cel painter.

Context: who directed the former mentioned?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Question: what were some accolades he won?

Answer: He won the Maverick Tribute Award  and four of his films have been included in the "Top 100 Animated Features of All Time" by The Online Film Critics Society .

Explanation: "Top 100 Animated Features of All Time"

Ralph Bakshi [SEP] Accolades

In 2003, Bakshi received a Maverick Tribute Award at the Cinequest San Jose Film Festival the same year he began teaching an animation class in New Mexico - this became The Bakshi School of Animation and Cartooning, which is run by Ralph's son Edward and his partner Jess Gorell. The Online Film Critics Society released a list of the "Top 100 Animated Features of All Time" in March 2003 that included four of Bakshi's films: "Fritz the Cat", "The Lord of the Rings", "Coonskin" and "Fire and Ice". "Fritz the Cat" was ranked number 56 in the 2004 poll conducted by Britain's Channel 4 for its documentary "The 100 Greatest Cartoons".


Context: who directed this flim?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what was his early career?

Context: Cel polisher and later cel painter.

Context: who directed the former mentioned?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what were some accolades he won?

Context: He won the Maverick Tribute Award  and four of his films have been included in the "Top 100 Animated Features of All Time" by The Online Film Critics Society .

Question: what was the plot of his second mentioned animation project?

Answer: The film revolves around Michael and Carole who are forced to turn to murder in order to survive.

Explanation: The film begins in live-action and introduces the protagonist Michael Corleone, a 22-year-old virgin playing pinball in New York City. The scene then transitions into an animated and dangerous New York neighborhood. Michael's Italian father, Angelo "Angie" Corleone, is a struggling mafioso who frequently cheats on Michael's Jewish mother, Ida. The couple constantly bicker and try to kill each other. The unemployed Michael dabbles in cartoons and often wanders throughout the city to avoid family skirmishes and to artistically feed off the grubbiness of his environment. He regularly hangs out at a local bar where he gets free drinks from the female black bartender, Carole, in exchange for sketches of the somewhat annoying Shorty, Carole's violent, legless bouncer devotee. One of the regular customers at the bar, a nymphomaniac transvestite named Snowflake, gets beaten up by a tough drunk hard-hat who has only just realized that Snowflake is a man in drag and not a beautiful woman. Snowfl

Heavy Traffic [SEP] Plot


Context: who directed this flim?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what was his early career?

Context: Cel polisher and later cel painter.

Context: who directed the former mentioned?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what were some accolades he won?

Context: what was the plot of his second mentioned animation project?

Context: The film revolves around Michael and Carole who are forced to turn to murder in order to survive.

Question: who was/were involved in its production?

Answer: Steve Krantz.

Heavy Traffic [SEP] Introduction

Heavy Traffic is a 1973 American adult animated drama film written and directed by Ralph Bakshi. The film, which begins, ends, and occasionally combines with live-action, explores the often surreal fantasies of a young New York cartoonist named Michael Corleone, using pinball imagery as a metaphor for inner-city life. "Heavy Traffic" was Bakshi and producer Steve Krantz's follow-up to the film "Fritz the Cat". Though producer Krantz made varied attempts to produce an R-rated film, "Heavy Traffic" was given an X rating by the MPAA. The film received largely positive reviews and is widely considered to be Bakshi's biggest critical success.


Context: who directed this flim?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what was his early career?

Context: Cel polisher and later cel painter.

Context: who directed the former mentioned?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what were some accolades he won?

Context: who was/were involved in its production?

Context: Steve Krantz.

Question: where was this producer born?

Answer: In Brooklyn, New York City.

Explanation: Born in Brooklyn, New York City, Krantz graduated from Columbia University and went on to serve in the U.S. Army Air Forces in the Pacific during World War II as a second lieutenant.

Steve Krantz [SEP] Career

When the studio found out, a warrant for Bakshi's arrest was issued by the Toronto police. Bakshi's animation studio, Bakshi Productions, took over "Rocket Robin Hood" and another Krantz-produced series, "Spider-Man", beginning Krantz' working relationship with Bakshi.


Context: who directed this flim?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what was his early career?

Context: Cel polisher and later cel painter.

Context: who directed the former mentioned?

Context: Ralph Bakshi.

Context: what were some accolades he won?

Context: Steve Krantz.

Context: where was this producer born?

Context: In Brooklyn, New York City.

Question: what are some communal diversity seen in this place in new york?

Answer: It  contains dozens of distinct neighborhoods representing many of the major culturally identified groups found within New York City.

Brooklyn [SEP] Community diversity

Given New York City's role as a crossroads for immigration from around the world, Brooklyn has evolved a globally cosmopolitan ambiance of its own, demonstrating a robust and growing demographic and cultural diversity with respect to metrics including nationality, religion, race, and domiciliary partnership. In 2010, 51.6% of the population was counted as members of religious congregations. In 2014, there were 914 religious organizations in Brooklyn, the 10th most of all counties in the nation. Brooklyn contains dozens of distinct neighborhoods representing many of the major culturally identified groups found within New York City. Among the most prominent are listed below:


Question: where do green tree frogs go during the day

Answer: They find cool, dark, and moist areas, such as tree holes or rock crevices, in which to sleep

Australian green tree frog [SEP] Ecology and behaviour

Green tree frogs are very docile and unafraid of humans. They are nocturnal and come out in early evenings to call (in spring and summer) and hunt for food. During the day, they find cool, dark, and moist areas, such as tree holes or rock crevices, in which to sleep. They are not a rainforest species, but make use of the rain that falls almost daily and collects on leaves and in crevices, to keep themselves moist. Their skin exudes a waxy coating that helps prevent evaporation. In dry periods, they avoid desiccation by concealing themselves in a cool spot, perhaps by burrowing, and enveloping themselves in a cocoon made of shed skin and mucus.


Context: where do green tree frogs go during the day

Context: They find cool, dark, and moist areas, such as tree holes or rock crevices, in which to sleep

Question: how did these frogs get their name?

Answer: The name is often given to the most common green arboreal species in a region, such as the American green tree frog

Australian green tree frog [SEP] Taxonomy

The species was originally called the "blue frog" ("Rana caerulea") despite its green colour. The specimens White sent to England were damaged by the preservative and appeared blue. The colour of the frog is caused by blue and green pigments covered in a yellow layer; the preservative destroyed the yellow layer and left the frog with a blue appearance. The specific epithet, "caerulea", which is Latin for blue, has remained. This frog is sometimes referred to as "Pelodryas caerulea" in the scientific literature. In Australia, the frog is also known more simply as the "green tree frog", but that name is often given to the most common green arboreal species in a region, such as the American green tree frog ("Hyla cinerea").


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: The name is often given to the most common green arboreal species in a region, such as the American green tree frog

Question: where are these frogs mostly found?

Answer: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Australian green tree frog [SEP] Introduction

The Australian green tree frog ("Ranoidea caerulea"), also known as simply green tree frog in Australia, White's tree frog, or dumpy tree frog, is a species of tree frog native to Australia and New Guinea, with introduced populations in the United States and New Zealand, though the latter is believed to have died out. It is morphologically similar to some other members of its genus, particularly the magnificent tree frog ("R. splendida") and the white-lipped tree frog ("R. infrafrenata"). Larger than most Australian frogs, the Australian green tree frog reaches 10 cm (4 in) or more in length. Its average lifespan in captivity, about 16 years, is long compared with most frogs.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Question: what kind of people are found in the second place?

Answer: The Papuans

New Guinea [SEP] People

Current evidence indicates that the Papuans (who constitute the majority of the island's peoples) are descended from the earliest human inhabitants of New Guinea. These original inhabitants first arrived in New Guinea at a time (either side of the Last Glacial Maximum, approx 21,000 years ago) when the island was connected to the Australian continent via a land bridge, forming the landmass of Sahul. These peoples had made the (shortened) sea-crossing from the islands of Wallacea and Sundaland (the present Malay Archipelago) by at least 40,000 years ago.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: what kind of people are found in the second place?

Context: The Papuans

Question: can you name some plants found here?

Answer: The conifers "Podocarpus", rainforest emergents "Araucaria" and "Agathis," are some of them

New Guinea [SEP] Biodiversity and ecology

Biogeographically, New Guinea is part of Australasia rather than the Indomalayan realm, although New Guinea's flora has many more affinities with Asia than its fauna, which is overwhelmingly Australian. Botanically, New Guinea is considered part of Malesia, a floristic region that extends from the Malay Peninsula across Indonesia to New Guinea and the East Melanesian Islands. The flora of New Guinea is a mixture of many tropical rainforest species with origins in Asia, together with typically Australasian flora. Typical Southern Hemisphere flora include the conifers "Podocarpus" and the rainforest emergents "Araucaria" and "Agathis," as well as tree ferns and several species of "Eucalyptus".


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: The conifers "Podocarpus", rainforest emergents "Araucaria" and "Agathis," are some of them

Question: name one physical characteristic of the frog found in australia.

Answer: It is plump, rather large tree frog, and can grow up to in length, with fully grown females being slightly larger than males

Australian green tree frog [SEP] Description

The green tree frog is a plump, rather large tree frog, and can grow up to in length, with fully grown females being slightly larger than males. A distinctive fatty ridge is seen over the eye, and the parotoid gland is moderately large. The iris is golden and has a horizontally slit pupil, and the tympanum (a skin membrane similar to an eardrum) is visible just behind the eye. The limbs are short and robust, and large adhesive discs are at the end of the digits which provide grip while climbing. The fingers are about one-third webbed, and the toes nearly three-quarters webbed.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: name one physical characteristic of the frog found in australia.

Context: It is plump, rather large tree frog, and can grow up to in length, with fully grown females being slightly larger than males

Question: what kind of behaviour do these frogs display?

Answer: Are docile and unafraid of humans., and nocturnal in nature

Explanation: Green tree frogs are very docile and unafraid of humans. They are nocturnal and come out in early evenings to call (in spring and summer) and hunt for food.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: what kind of behaviour do these frogs display?

Context: Are docile and unafraid of humans., and nocturnal in nature

Question: and what kind of behavior does the american specie display?

Answer: Tends to be nocturnal, and in captivity they will be the most active once the lights are off

American green tree frog [SEP] Behavior

Because these frogs are small and easily frightened, they often do not do well with frequent handling. Some specimens do seem to tolerate occasional handling, however, so handling frequency should be determined on an individual basis. The little frogs tend to be nocturnal, and in captivity they will be the most active once the lights are off. Males frequently call most of the year, especially after being misted in the tank.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: and what kind of behavior does the american specie display?

Context: Tends to be nocturnal, and in captivity they will be the most active once the lights are off

Question: can they be kept as pets?

Answer: Yes

American green tree frog [SEP] As pets

The frogs are popular pets because of their small size, appearance, and the undemanding conditions needed to take care of them. Unlike many amphibians, they do not require artificial heating. They need a large (at least ten-gallon) terrarium and do best with a substrate that will hold some humidity, such as commercial shredded bark or coconut husk bedding, or untreated topsoil on the floor of their terrarium. Tree frogs are arboreal, so the height on the tank is more important than the length. A variety of things for climbing, such as plants or branches, should be in the habitat. A shallow water dish should be included.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: can they be kept as pets?

Context: Yes

Question: can the australian specie also be kept as pets?

Answer: Yes

Australian green tree frog [SEP] As pets

The green tree frog is one of the most popular pet frogs throughout the world. Its docile nature and long life expectancy make it an attractive choice for exotic pet owners. It is also one of the easier frogs to maintain; its diet is broad and it has a strong resistance to disease. One problem commonly associated with keeping this species as a pet is overfeeding; green tree frogs tend to become obese if overfed. In the wild, exertion of energy is required for a frog to capture its prey. However, in captivity, they are usually given live feed in a confined space.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: can they be kept as pets?

Context: Yes

Context: can the australian specie also be kept as pets?

Context: Yes

Question: when does breeding in these frogs take place?

Answer: Between November and February

Australian green tree frog [SEP] Reproduction

Breeding occurs between November and February. During the mating season, the males call from slightly elevated positions close to the still-water sources in which they choose to breed. Clumps of between 200 and 2000 eggs are laid which initially float, but sink within 24 hours. The development of the tadpoles takes about six weeks, after which they undergo metamorphosis and leave the water as juvenile frogs.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: can they be kept as pets?

Context: Yes

Context: Yes

Context: when does breeding in these frogs take place?

Context: Between November and February

Question: and how many eggs do they lay at a time?

Answer: Clumps of between 200 and 2000 eggs are laid

Explanation: Clumps of between 200 and 2000 eggs are laid which initially float, but sink within 24 hours.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: can they be kept as pets?

Context: Yes

Context: Yes

Context: Between November and February

Context: and how many eggs do they lay at a time?

Context: Clumps of between 200 and 2000 eggs are laid

Question: are these frogs threatened?

Answer: No

Australian green tree frog [SEP] Conservation

Australian law gives protected status to the green tree frog—along with all Australian fauna—under the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the green tree frog's conservation status as being of "least concern", given its broad range, its large total population, and its tolerance of a variety of habitat types. The population trend seems to be stable, and any decline in numbers is not likely to be at a fast enough rate to justify listing it in a more threatened category. In suburban areas, this frog is threatened by pollution and by predation by domestic animals.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: can they be kept as pets?

Context: Yes

Context: Yes

Context: Between November and February

Context: are these frogs threatened?

Context: No

Question: are they protected by any conservation group?

Answer: Australian law; under the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

Explanation: Australian law gives protected status to the green tree frog—along with all Australian fauna—under the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.


Context: how did these frogs get their name?

Context: where are these frogs mostly found?

Context: Native to Australia and New Guinea

Context: The Papuans

Context: can you name some plants found here?

Context: can they be kept as pets?

Context: Yes

Context: Yes

Context: Between November and February

Context: are these frogs threatened?

Context: No

Context: are they protected by any conservation group?

Context: Australian law; under the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

Question: have these frogs also been used in laboratories?

Answer: Yes, used as model animals in research

Explanation: Green tree frogs are sometimes used as model animals in research. The structure of their toe pads was used to investigate the microstructure and properties of the epithelium that allows the animals to adhere to wet surfaces.

Australian green tree frog [SEP] Use in research

These caeruleins now have a number of clinical applications. Several peptides from the skin secretions of the green tree frog have been found to destroy HIV without harming healthy T cells. The fungus "Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis", the causal agent of chytridiomycosis, is causing declines in many species of amphibians, but the secretions produced by the green tree frog and certain other Australian species of frog ("Litoria chloris" and "Litoria genimaculata") are protective against this fungus. The peptides inhibit the growth of the fungus "in vitro" and these frog species are believed not to be in decline. Green tree frogs are sometimes used as model animals in research.


Question: what is "the shape of things to come" (lost)?

Answer: It is the 81st episode of the ABC's "Lost".

The Shape of Things to Come (Lost) [SEP] Introduction

"The Shape of Things to Come" is the 81st episode of the American Broadcasting Company's "Lost" and is the ninth episode of the fourth season. It aired on April 24, 2008 on ABC in the United States and on CTV in Canada. The episode was written by co-executive producer Drew Goddard and co-producer Brian K. Vaughan in late February 2008 and directed by executive producer Jack Bender in mid-March. The narrative centers on Ben Linus (played by Michael Emerson) as he and the Oceanic Airlines Flight 815 crash survivors at the Barracks come under attack in December 2004, while flashforwards to late 2005 show him recruiting Sayid Jarrah (Naveen Andrews) as a hitman and confronting his enemy Charles Widmore (Alan Dale).


Context: what is "the shape of things to come" (lost)?

Context: It is the 81st episode of the ABC's "Lost".

Question: when did it air?

Answer: April 24, 2008

Explanation: It aired on April 24, 2008 on ABC in the United States and on CTV in Canada.

Much praise was directed at Emerson's acting skills, particularly in his reaction to the execution of his character's daughter Alex (Tania Raymonde). His performance in this specific episode received a nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for the 60th Primetime Emmy Awards; the episode was also nominated in the category of Outstanding Sound Editing for a Series.


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Question: who was the director?

Answer: Jack Bender

Explanation: The episode was written by co-executive producer Drew Goddard and co-producer Brian K. Vaughan in late February 2008 and directed by executive producer Jack Bender in mid-March.


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Question: under which company was it released?

Answer: American Broadcasting Company


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Question: what programming does it have during the day?

Answer: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

American Broadcasting Company [SEP] Daytime

ABC's daytime schedule currently features the talk shows "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke" (the latter an offshoot of "Good Morning America"), and the soap opera "General Hospital". Originally premiering in 1963, "General Hospital" is ABC's longest-running entertainment program. In addition to the long-running "All My Children" (1970–2011) and "One Life to Live" (1968–2012), notable past soap operas seen on the daytime lineup include "Ryan's Hope", "Dark Shadows", "Loving", "The City" and "Port Charles". ABC also aired the last nine years of the Procter & Gamble-produced soap "The Edge of Night", following its cancellation by CBS in 1975. ABC Daytime has also aired a number of game shows, including "The Dating Game", "The Newlywed Game", "Let's Make a Deal", "Password", "Split Second", "The $10,000/$20,000 Pyramid", "Family Feud", "The Better Sex", "Trivia Trap", "All-Star Blitz" and "Hot Streak".


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Context: what programming does it have during the day?

Context: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

Question: when was this company established?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Context: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

Context: when was this company established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was the director born?

Answer: September 25, 1949

Explanation: Jack Bender (born September 25, 1949) is an American television and film director, television producer and former actor best known for his work as a director on "Lost", "The Sopranos" and "Game of Thrones".

Jack Bender [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Context: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

Context: when was this company established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the director born?

Context: September 25, 1949

Question: has he directed any other shows?

Answer: Yes, "The Sopranos" and "Game of Thrones".

Explanation: Jack Bender (born September 25, 1949) is an American television and film director, television producer and former actor best known for his work as a director on "Lost", "The Sopranos" and "Game of Throne

Jack Bender [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Context: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

Context: when was this company established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the director born?

Context: September 25, 1949

Context: has he directed any other shows?

Context: Yes, "The Sopranos" and "Game of Thrones".

Question: how many seasons did the first show have?

Answer: six seasons

The Sopranos [SEP] Introduction

The series ran for six seasons totaling 86 episodes until June 10, 2007. Broadcast syndication followed in the U.S. and internationally. "The Sopranos" was produced by HBO, Chase Films, and Brad Grey Television. It was primarily filmed at Silvercup Studios in Long Island City in Queens, New York City and on location in New Jersey. The executive producers throughout the show's run were David Chase, Brad Grey, Robin Green, Mitchell Burgess, Ilene S. Landress, Terence Winter, and Matthew Weiner. "The Sopranos" is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time. The series won a multitude of awards, including Peabody Awards for its first two seasons, 21 Primetime Emmy Awards, and five Golden Globe Awards.


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Context: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

Context: when was this company established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the director born?

Context: September 25, 1949

Context: has he directed any other shows?

Context: how many seasons did the first show have?

Context: six seasons

Question: when did the sixth season air?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

The Sopranos [SEP] Introduction

The Sopranos is an American crime drama television series created by David Chase. The story revolves around Tony Soprano (James Gandolfini), a New Jersey-based Italian-American mobster, portraying the difficulties that he faces as he tries to balance his family life with his role as the leader of a criminal organization. These are explored during his therapy sessions with psychiatrist Jennifer Melfi (Lorraine Bracco). The series features Tony's family members, mafia colleagues, and rivals in prominent roles—most notably his wife Carmela (Edie Falco) and his protégé/distant cousin Christopher Moltisanti (Michael Imperioli). The pilot was ordered in 1997, and the show premiered on HBO on January 10, 1999.


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Context: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

Context: when was this company established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the director born?

Context: September 25, 1949

Context: has he directed any other shows?

Context: six seasons

Context: when did the sixth season air?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: were there any stereotypical portrayals in the show?

Answer: Yes,  The show has frequently been criticized for perpetuating negative stereotypes about Italian Americans.

The Sopranos [SEP] Depiction of stereotypes

The show has frequently been criticized for perpetuating negative stereotypes about Italian Americans. Several major organizations have voiced their concern that "The Sopranos" presents a very distorted and harmful stereotype of Italian Americans and their cultural values, including the National Italian American Foundation, Order Sons of Italy in America, Unico National, and the Italic Institute of America. In 2000, officials in Essex County, New Jersey, denied producers permission to film on county-owned property, arguing that the show depicts Italian Americans in a "less than favorable light." In 2002, organizers of the New York City Columbus Day Parade won an injunction preventing Mayor Michael Bloomberg from inviting cast members of "The Sopranos" to participate in the parade.


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Context: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

Context: when was this company established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the director born?

Context: September 25, 1949

Context: has he directed any other shows?

Context: six seasons

Context: when did the sixth season air?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: were there any stereotypical portrayals in the show?

Context: Yes,  The show has frequently been criticized for perpetuating negative stereotypes about Italian Americans.

Question: who portrayed the main characters?

Answer: James Gandolfini portrays the series' protagonist Tony Soprano.

The Sopranos [SEP] Cast and characters

"The Sopranos" features a large cast of characters, many of whom get significant amounts of character development. Some only appear in certain seasons, while others appear (sporadically or constantly) throughout the entire series. All characters were created by David Chase unless otherwise noted. Tony Soprano (James Gandolfini) is the series' protagonist. Tony is one of the capos (and the unofficial underboss) of the New Jersey-based DiMeo crime family, at the beginning of the series; he eventually becomes its undisputed boss. He is also the patriarch of the Soprano household. Throughout the series, Tony struggles to balance the conflicting requirements of his family with those of the Mafia family he controls.


Context: when did it air?

Context: April 24, 2008

Context: who was the director?

Context: Jack Bender

Context: under which company was it released?

Context: American Broadcasting Company

Context: "The View" and "Strahan, Sara and Keke"

Context: when was this company established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the director born?

Context: September 25, 1949

Context: has he directed any other shows?

Context: six seasons

Context: when did the sixth season air?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who portrayed the main characters?

Context: James Gandolfini portrays the series' protagonist Tony Soprano.

Question: did he act in anything after this series?

Answer: "The Taking of Pelham 123" and  "Where the Wild Things Are".

James Gandolfini [SEP] Later work (2007–2013)

The same year, he played the Mayor of New York in the remake of action thriller film "The Taking of Pelham 123". Gandolfini voiced Carol, one of the titular Wild Things, in the fantasy film "Where the Wild Things Are". The film, which was based on Maurice Sendak's picture book of the same name, was directed by Spike Jonze.In 2010 Gandolfini produced another documentary with HBO, which analyzed the effects of posttraumatic stress disorder throughout American history, from 1861 to 2010. The film, titled "Wartorn: 1861–2010", featured interviews with American military officials on their views of PTSD and how they are trying to help soldiers affected by it.


Question: who was thomas f. bayard?

Answer: An American lawyer, politician and diplomat from Wilmington, Delaware

Thomas F. Bayard [SEP] Introduction

Thomas Francis Bayard (October 29, 1828 – September 28, 1898) was an American lawyer, politician and diplomat from Wilmington, Delaware. A Democrat, he served three terms as United States Senator from Delaware and made three unsuccessful bids for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States. In 1885, President Grover Cleveland appointed him Secretary of State. After four years in private life, he returned to the diplomatic arena as Ambassador to the United Kingdom. Born in Delaware to a prominent family, Bayard learned politics from his father James A. Bayard Jr., who also served in the Senate. In 1869, the Delaware legislature elected Bayard to the Senate upon his father's retirement.


Context: who was thomas f. bayard?

Context: An American lawyer, politician and diplomat from Wilmington, Delaware

Question: which institution did he study law from?

Answer: He read law at his father's office

Explanation:
Bayard was unsatisfied with his progress at the firm and returned to Wilmington to read law at his father's office.

Bayard was admitted to the bar in 1851, the year his father was elected to the United States Senate. Thomas took on greater responsibilities in the family law office and rose quickly in the legal profession.

Thomas F. Bayard [SEP] Early life and family

Thomas took on greater responsibilities in the family law office and rose quickly in the legal profession. In 1853, after the election of Democratic President Franklin Pierce, Bayard was appointed United States Attorney for Delaware. He spent only a year in the position before moving to Philadelphia to open a practice with his friend William Shippen, a partnership that lasted until Shippen's death in 1858. While in Philadelphia, Bayard met Louise Lee, whom he married in October 1856. The marriage produced twelve children.


Context: who was thomas f. bayard?

Context: which institution did he study law from?

Context: He read law at his father's office

Question: being a politician, did he have any contribution in reconstruction?

Answer: He voiced opposition to the majority party's plans for reconstructing the South.

Thomas F. Bayard [SEP] Reaction to Reconstruction

Bayard also inveighed against the continued presence of federal troops in the South. He spoke against each of the three Enforcement Acts, which increased the federal government's power to protect black Southerners' civil and political rights in the face of rising violence by the Ku Klux Klan and other groups. Although his protests were to little effect, Bayard continued to voice opposition to the majority party's plans for reconstructing the South. In 1871, he was named to a joint committee sent by Congress to investigate conditions in the South. The committee, like the Congress, had a Republican majority, and their report detailed many of the Klan's outrages against the newly freed slaves.


Context: who was thomas f. bayard?

Context: He read law at his father's office

Context: being a politician, did he have any contribution in reconstruction?

Context: He voiced opposition to the majority party's plans for reconstructing the South.

Question: what is gold standard and what was his role in setting it?

Answer: The standard economic unit of account is based on a fixed quantity of gold. Thomas Bayard was a staunch supporter of the gold standard and an opponent of greenbacks and silver coinage which he believed would cause inflation.

Thomas F. Bayard [SEP] Introduction

A Peace Democrat during the Civil War, Bayard spent his early years in the Senate in opposition to Republican policies, especially the Reconstruction of the defeated Confederacy. His conservatism extended to financial matters as he became known as a staunch supporter of the gold standard and an opponent of greenbacks and silver coinage which he believed would cause inflation. Bayard's conservative politics made him popular in the South and with Eastern financial interests, but never popular enough to obtain the Democratic nomination for President which he attempted to win in 1876, 1880 and 1884. In 1885, President Cleveland appointed Bayard Secretary of State.


Context: who was thomas f. bayard?

Context: He read law at his father's office

Context: what is gold standard and what was his role in setting it?

Context: The standard economic unit of account is based on a fixed quantity of gold. Thomas Bayard was a staunch supporter of the gold standard and an opponent of greenbacks and silver coinage which he believed would cause inflation.

Question: which country initialized the standard?

Answer: It began thousands of years ago in Asia Minor.

Gold standard [SEP] Origins

The gold specie standard arose from the widespread acceptance of gold as currency. Various commodities have been used as money; typically, the one that loses the least value over time becomes the accepted form. The use of gold as money began thousands of years ago in Asia Minor. During the early and high Middle Ages, the Byzantine gold solidus, commonly known as the bezant, was used widely throughout Europe and the Mediterranean. However, as the Byzantine Empire's economic influence declined, so too did the use of the bezant. In its place, European territories chose silver as their currency over gold, leading to the development of silver standards.


Context: who was thomas f. bayard?

Context: He read law at his father's office

Context: which country initialized the standard?

Context: It began thousands of years ago in Asia Minor.

Question: what led to the abandonment of this standard?

Answer: Due to the Great Depression (1929–1939)

Gold standard [SEP] Abandonment of the gold standard

This state of affairs lasted until the Great Depression (1929–1939) forced countries off the gold standard. On September 19, 1931, speculative attacks on the pound led the Bank of England to abandon the gold standard, ostensibly "temporarily". However, the ostensibly temporary departure from the gold standard had unexpectedly positive effects on the economy, leading to greater acceptance of departing from the gold standard. Loans from American and French Central Banks of £50,000,000 were insufficient and exhausted in a matter of weeks, due to large gold outflows across the Atlantic. The British benefited from this departure. They could now use monetary policy to stimulate the economy.


Context: who was thomas f. bayard?

Context: He read law at his father's office

Context: which country initialized the standard?

Context: what led to the abandonment of this standard?

Context: Due to the Great Depression (1929–1939)

Question: what are its causes?

Answer: A sudden devastating collapse of U.S. stock market prices, starting on October 24, 1929.

Great Depression [SEP] Start

Economic historians usually consider the catalyst of the Great Depression to be the sudden devastating collapse of U.S. stock market prices, starting on October 24, 1929. However, some dispute this conclusion and see the stock crash as a symptom, rather than a cause, of the Great Depression. Even after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 optimism persisted for some time. John D. Rockefeller said "These are days when many are discouraged. In the 93 years of my life, depressions have come and gone. Prosperity has always returned and will again." The stock market turned upward in early 1930, returning to early 1929 levels by April.