Context: who is william henry harrison?

Context: when did he join the military?

Context: August 16, 1791

Context: where is his birth place?

Context: Virginia.

Context: how is the climate there?

Context: A humid subtropical climate.

Context: what is their estimated population?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: can you tell me more about the country?

Answer: A country primarily located in central North America that consists of 50 states.

United States [SEP] Introduction

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in central North America, between Canada and Mexico. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five self-governing territories, and several other island possessions. At , it is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area. With a population of over , it is the third most populous country in the world. The national capital is Washington, D.C., and the most populous city is New York City. Paleo-Indians migrated from Siberia to the North American mainland at least 12,000 years ago, and European colonization began in the 16th century.


Context: who is william henry harrison?

Context: An American military officer and politician.

Context: when did he join the military?

Context: August 16, 1791

Context: where is his birth place?

Context: Virginia.

Context: can you tell me more about the place mentioned above?

Context: A state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.

Context: how is the climate there?

Context: A humid subtropical climate.

Context: can you tell me about the ethnic groups there?

Context: There are non-Hispanic whites and African Americans.

Context: what is their estimated population?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: can you tell me more about the country?

Context: A country primarily located in central North America that consists of 50 states.

Question: where did it get its name?

Answer: From the given name of Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci.

United States [SEP] Etymology

The first known use of the name "America" dates back to 1507, when it appeared on a world map created by the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller. It comes from the given name of Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci, who was the first to postulate that the West Indies did not represent Asia's eastern limit, but part of a previously unknown landmass. The full name "United States of America" dates to the Revolutionary War. The second draft of the Articles of Confederation, prepared by John Dickinson, and Thomas Jefferson's original rough draft of the Declaration of Independence both included the name. However, it is unclear which of these two usages came first.


Context: who is william henry harrison?

Context: when did he join the military?

Context: August 16, 1791

Context: where is his birth place?

Context: Virginia.

Context: how is the climate there?

Context: A humid subtropical climate.

Context: what is their estimated population?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: can you tell me more about the country?

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: From the given name of Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci.

Question: what are the major sports in the area?

Answer: American football and Baseball.

United States [SEP] Sports

American football is by several measures the most popular spectator sport; the National Football League (NFL) has the highest average attendance of any sports league in the world, and the Super Bowl is watched by tens of millions globally. Baseball has been regarded as the U.S. national sport since the late 19th century, with Major League Baseball (MLB) being the top league. Basketball and ice hockey are the country's next two leading professional team sports, with the top leagues being the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the National Hockey League (NHL). College football and basketball attract large audiences. In soccer (a sport that has gained a footing in the United States since the mid-1990's), the country hosted the 1994 FIFA World Cup, the men's national soccer team qualified for ten World Cups and the women's team has won the FIFA Women's World Cup four times; Major League Soccer is the sport's highest league in the United States (featuring 23 American and three Canadian teams).


Question: where did the elves come from in lord of the rings

Answer: Middle-earth

Elf (Middle-earth) [SEP] Introduction

In J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, Elves are a fictional race inhabiting Middle-earth in the remote past. Unlike Men and Dwarves, Elves are immortal. They appear in "The Hobbit" and in "The Lord of the Rings", but their history is described more fully in "The Silmarillion". Tolkien derived his Elves from mentions in the ancient poetry and languages of Northern Europe, especially Old English. These suggested to him that elves were large, dangerous, beautiful, lived in wild natural places, and practised archery. He invented languages for the Elves including Sindarin and Quenya. Tolkien-style Elves have become a staple of fantasy literature both in the West and in Japan.


Context: where did the elves come from in lord of the rings

Context: Middle-earth

Question: what are these creatures?

Answer: They are a fictional race inhabiting Middle-earth in the remote past. They are immortal.

Explanation: Elves are a fictional race inhabiting Middle-earth in the remote past. Unlike Men and Dwarves, Elves are immortal.

Elf (Middle-earth) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: They are a fictional race inhabiting Middle-earth in the remote past. They are immortal.

Question: have they been depicted in any book?

Answer: Yes, in "The Hobbit", "The Lord of the Rings” and "The Silmarillion".

Explanation: They appear in "The Hobbit" and in "The Lord of the Rings", but their history is described more fully in "The Silmarillion".

Elf (Middle-earth) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: Yes, in "The Hobbit", "The Lord of the Rings” and "The Silmarillion".

Question: what dialects do they speak?

Answer: Quenya

Explanation: Quenya

Elf (Middle-earth) [SEP] Elvish languages

Tolkien created many languages for his Elves. His interest was primarily philological, and he said his stories grew out of his languages. Indeed, the languages were the first thing Tolkien ever created for his mythos, starting with what he originally called "Elfin" or "Qenya" [sic]. This was later spelled Quenya (High-elven) and, along with Sindarin (Grey-elven), is one of the two most complete of Tolkien's constructed languages. Elves are also credited with creating the Tengwar (by Fëanor) and Cirth (Daeron) scripts.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Question: did they participate in any wars?

Answer: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Elf (Middle-earth) [SEP] Wars of Beleriand

In Beleriand, Elwë was eventually found, and married Melian the Maia. He became the overlord of Beleriand, naming himself Thingol (Sindarin: "Grey-cloak"). After the First Battle of Beleriand, during the first rising of the Moon, the Noldor arrived in Beleriand. They laid a siege around Morgoth's fortress of Angband, but were eventually defeated. The Elves never regained the upper hand, finally losing the hidden kingdoms Nargothrond, Doriath, and Gondolin near the culmination of the war. When the Elves had been forced to the furthest southern reaches of Beleriand, Eärendil the Mariner, a half-elf from the House of Finwë, sailed to Valinor to ask the Valar for help.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Question: what are their features?

Answer: They are immortal, and remain unwearied with age. They can recover from wounds which would be fatal to a Man, but can be killed in battle.

Elf (Middle-earth) [SEP] Characteristics

Males and females are equal, but females often specialize in the arts of healing while the males go to war. This is because they believe that taking life interferes with the ability to preserve life. However, females can defend themselves at need as well as males, and many males such as Elrond are skilled healers. Elves are skilful horse-riders, riding without saddle or bridle, though Tolkien was inconsistent on this point. Elves are immortal, and remain unwearied with age. They can recover from wounds which would be fatal to a Man, but can be killed in battle. Spirits of dead Elves go to the Halls of Mandos in Valinor.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: They are immortal, and remain unwearied with age. They can recover from wounds which would be fatal to a Man, but can be killed in battle.

Question: how many parts do the first book referred here has?

Answer: The Lord of the Rings" was published in three volumes. Structurally, the work is divided internally into six books, two per volume.

Explanation: For economic reasons, "The Lord of the Rings" was published in three volumes over the course of a year from 29 July 1954 to 20 October 1955. The three volumes were titled "The Fellowship of the Ring", "The Two Towers" and "The Return of the King". Structurally, the work is divided internally into six books, two per volume, with several appendices of background material at the end. Some editions print the entire work into a single volume, following the author's original intent.

The Lord of the Rings [SEP] Introduction

From homely beginnings in the Shire, a hobbit land reminiscent of the English countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the quest mainly through the eyes of the hobbits Frodo, Sam, Merry and Pippin. Although generally known to readers as a trilogy, the work was initially intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-volume set along with "The Silmarillion", but this idea was dismissed by his publisher. For economic reasons, "The Lord of the Rings" was published in three volumes over the course of a year from 29 July 1954 to 20 October 1955. The three volumes were titled "The Fellowship of the Ring", "The Two Towers" and "The Return of the King".


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: how many parts do the first book referred here has?

Context: The Lord of the Rings" was published in three volumes. Structurally, the work is divided internally into six books, two per volume.

Question: does it contain poems?

Answer: Yes, the prose narrative is supplemented throughout by over 60 pieces of poetry.

The Lord of the Rings [SEP] Poetry

Unusually for 20th century novels, the prose narrative is supplemented throughout by over 60 pieces of poetry. These include verse and songs of many genres: for wandering, marching to war, drinking, and having a bath; narrating ancient myths, riddles, prophecies, and magical incantations; and of praise and lament (elegy). Some, such as riddles, charms, elegies, and narrating heroic actions are found in Old English poetry. Scholars have stated that the poetry is essential for the fiction to work aesthetically and thematically, as it adds information not given in the prose, and it brings out characters and their backgrounds. The poetry has been judged to be of high technical skill, reflected in his prose; for instance, he wrote much of Tom Bombadil's speech in metre.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: Yes, the prose narrative is supplemented throughout by over 60 pieces of poetry.

Question: by whom was it published?

Answer: In the United States, Houghton Mifflin published "The Fellowship of the Ring", "The Two Towers" and "The Return of the King”.

The Lord of the Rings [SEP] Publication history

For publication, the work was divided into three volumes to minimize any potential financial loss due to the high cost of type-setting and modest anticipated sales: "The Fellowship of the Ring" (Books I and II), "The Two Towers" (Books III and IV), and "The Return of the King" (Books V and VI plus six appendices). Delays in producing appendices, maps and especially an index led to the volumes being published later than originally hoped – on 29 July 1954, on 11 November 1954 and on 20 October 1955 respectively in the United Kingdom. In the United States, Houghton Mifflin published "The Fellowship of the Ring" on 21 October 1954, "The Two Towers" on 21 April 1955, and "The Return of the King" on 5 January 1956.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: In the United States, Houghton Mifflin published "The Fellowship of the Ring", "The Two Towers" and "The Return of the King”.

Question: how has it influenced pop culture?

Answer: Young people have embraced it as a countercultural saga. "Frodo Lives!" and "Gandalf for President" were two phrases popular amongst United States Tolkien fans during this time. Its impact is such that the words "Tolkienian" and "Tolkienesque" have entered the "Oxford English Dictionary", and many of his fantasy terms, formerly little-known in English, have become widespread in that domain.

Explanation:
"The Lord of the Rings" has had a profound and wide-ranging impact on popular culture, beginning with its publication in the 1950s, but especially during the 1960s and 1970s, when young people embraced it as a countercultural saga. "Frodo Lives!" and "Gandalf for President" were two phrases popular amongst United States Tolkien fans during this time. Its impact is such that the words "Tolkienian" and "Tolkienesque" have entered the "Oxford English Dictionary", and many of his fantasy terms, formerly little-known in English, such as "Orc" and "Warg", have become widespread in that domain.
Among its effects are numerous parodies, especially "Harvard Lampoon" "Bored of the Rings", which has had the distinction of remaining continuously in print from its publication in 1969, and of being translated into at least 11 languages.

The Lord of the Rings [SEP] Impact on popular culture


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: how has it influenced pop culture?

Context: Young people have embraced it as a countercultural saga. "Frodo Lives!" and "Gandalf for President" were two phrases popular amongst United States Tolkien fans during this time. Its impact is such that the words "Tolkienian" and "Tolkienesque" have entered the "Oxford English Dictionary", and many of his fantasy terms, formerly little-known in English, have become widespread in that domain.

Question: has it bee translated in other languages?

Answer: Yes, it has been translated into at least 70 languages.

The Lord of the Rings [SEP] Translations

The work has been translated, with varying degrees of success, into at least 38, and reportedly at least 70, languages. Tolkien, an expert in philology, examined many of these translations, and made comments on each that reflect both the translation process and his work. As he was unhappy with some choices made by early translators, such as the Swedish translation by Åke Ohlmarks, Tolkien wrote a "Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings" (1967). Because "The Lord of the Rings" purports to be a translation of the fictitious "Red Book of Westmarch", with the English language representing the Westron of the "original", Tolkien suggested that translators attempt to capture the interplay between English and the invented nomenclature of the English work, and gave several examples along with general guidance.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: how has it influenced pop culture?

Context: has it bee translated in other languages?

Context: Yes, it has been translated into at least 70 languages.

Question: has it been converted into movies?

Answer: Yes. In 1978, Ralph Bakshi made an animated film version covering "The Fellowship of the Ring" and part of "The Two Towers"

The Lord of the Rings [SEP] Film

A variety of filmmakers considered adapting Tolkien's book, among them Stanley Kubrick, who thought it unfilmable, Michelangelo Antonioni, Heinz Edelmann, and John Boorman. In 1978, Ralph Bakshi made an animated film version covering "The Fellowship of the Ring" and part of "The Two Towers", to mostly poor reviews. In 1980, Rankin/Bass released an animated TV special based on the closing chapters of "The Return of the King", gaining mixed reviews. A far more successful adaptation was Peter Jackson's live action "The Lord of the Rings" film trilogy, produced by New Line Cinema and released in three instalments as "" (2001), "" (2002), and "" (2003).


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: how has it influenced pop culture?

Context: has it been converted into movies?

Context: Yes. In 1978, Ralph Bakshi made an animated film version covering "The Fellowship of the Ring" and part of "The Two Towers"

Question: who is this person?

Answer: He is an American director of animated and live-action films.

Ralph Bakshi [SEP] Introduction

Ralph Bakshi (born October 29, 1938) is an American director of animated and live-action films. In the 1970s, he established an alternative to mainstream animation through independent and adult-oriented productions. Between 1972 and 2015, he directed ten theatrically released feature films, six of which he wrote. He has been involved in numerous television projects as director, writer, producer and animator. Beginning his career at the Terrytoons television cartoon studio as a cel polisher, Bakshi was eventually promoted to animator, and then director. He moved to the animation division of Paramount Pictures in 1967 and started his own studio, Bakshi Productions, in 1968.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: how has it influenced pop culture?

Context: has it been converted into movies?

Context: who is this person?

Context: He is an American director of animated and live-action films.

Question: what other films has he directed?

Answer: “Wizards”, "American Pop"  and "Fire and Ice”, and many more.

Ralph Bakshi [SEP] Introduction

Through producer Steve Krantz, Bakshi made his debut feature film, "Fritz the Cat", released in 1972. It was based on the comic strip by Robert Crumb and was the first animated film to receive an X rating from the Motion Picture Association of America, and is the most successful independent animated feature of all time. Over the next eleven years, Bakshi directed seven additional animated features. He is well known for such films as "Wizards" (1977), "The Lord of the Rings" (1978), "American Pop" (1981) and "Fire and Ice" (1983). In 1987, Bakshi returned to television work, producing the series "", which ran for two years.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: how has it influenced pop culture?

Context: has it been converted into movies?

Context: who is this person?

Context: what other films has he directed?

Context: “Wizards”, "American Pop"  and "Fire and Ice”, and many more.

Question: what awards did he receive?

Answer: "Maverick Tribute Award", is one of them.

Ralph Bakshi [SEP] Accolades

In 2003, Bakshi received a Maverick Tribute Award at the Cinequest San Jose Film Festival the same year he began teaching an animation class in New Mexico - this became The Bakshi School of Animation and Cartooning, which is run by Ralph's son Edward and his partner Jess Gorell. The Online Film Critics Society released a list of the "Top 100 Animated Features of All Time" in March 2003 that included four of Bakshi's films: "Fritz the Cat", "The Lord of the Rings", "Coonskin" and "Fire and Ice". "Fritz the Cat" was ranked number 56 in the 2004 poll conducted by Britain's Channel 4 for its documentary "The 100 Greatest Cartoons".


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: how has it influenced pop culture?

Context: has it been converted into movies?

Context: who is this person?

Context: what other films has he directed?

Context: what awards did he receive?

Context: "Maverick Tribute Award", is one of them.

Question: where was he born?

Answer: In Haifa in the British Mandate of Palestine.

Ralph Bakshi [SEP] Early life (1938–1956)

Ralph Bakshi was born to a Krymchak Jewish family on October 29, 1938, in Haifa in the British Mandate of Palestine. In 1939, his family migrated to the USA, and he grew up in the Brownsville neighborhood of Brooklyn. The family lived in a low-rent apartment, where Bakshi became fascinated with the urban milieu. As a child, he enjoyed comic books, and often dug through trash cans to find them. According to an interview in 2009, Ralph said he was very poor and the walls of his neighborhood were constantly repainted. He liked the feeling when he looked out the window and saw the sun as a little boy, and whenever he would walk out in the streets, someone would break the wooden crates, that were filled with food, in the push carts open.


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: how has it influenced pop culture?

Context: has it been converted into movies?

Context: who is this person?

Context: what other films has he directed?

Context: what awards did he receive?

Context: where was he born?

Context: In Haifa in the British Mandate of Palestine.

Question: what is this latter place?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: Middle-earth

Context: what are these creatures?

Context: have they been depicted in any book?

Context: what dialects do they speak?

Context: Quenya

Context: did they participate in any wars?

Context: Yes, the "First Battle of Beleriand".

Context: what are their features?

Context: does it contain poems?

Context: by whom was it published?

Context: how has it influenced pop culture?

Context: has it been converted into movies?

Context: who is this person?

Context: what other films has he directed?

Context: what awards did he receive?

Context: where was he born?

Context: what is this latter place?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where does the former place get its name from?

Answer: The ultimate origin of the name Haifa remains unclear. One theory holds it derives from the name of the high priest Caiaphas.

Haifa [SEP] Etymology

The ultimate origin of the name Haifa remains unclear. One theory holds it derives from the name of the high priest Caiaphas. Some Christians believe it was named for Saint Peter, whose Aramaic name was Keiphah. Another theory holds it could be derived from the Hebrew verb root חפה ("hafa"), meaning to cover or shield, i.e. Mount Carmel covers Haifa; others point to a possible origin in the Hebrew word חוֹף ("hof"), meaning "shore", or חוֹף יָפֶה ("hof yafe"), meaning "beautiful shore". Other spellings in English included "Caipha", "Kaipha", "Caiffa", "Kaiffa" and "Khaifa".


Question: what is referred to as redshift?

Answer: It is a phenomenon where electromagnetic radiation (such as light) from an object undergoes an increase in wavelength.

Redshift [SEP] Introduction

In physics, redshift is a phenomenon where electromagnetic radiation (such as light) from an object undergoes an increase in wavelength. Whether or not the radiation is visible, "redshift" means an increase in wavelength, equivalent to a decrease in wave frequency and photon energy, in accordance with, respectively, the wave and quantum theories of light. Neither the emitted nor perceived light is necessarily red; instead, the term refers to the human perception of longer wavelengths as red, which is at the section of the visible spectrum with the longest wavelengths. Examples of redshifting are a gamma ray perceived as an X-ray, or initially visible light perceived as radio waves.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: It is a phenomenon where electromagnetic radiation (such as light) from an object undergoes an increase in wavelength.

Question: whose equations are related to this mentioned radiation?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Redshift [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: whose equations are related to this mentioned radiation?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what are the fields connected to this radiation?

Answer: Physics.

Redshift [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are the fields connected to this radiation?

Context: Physics.

Question: can you mention any of the core theories of this branch of science?

Answer: The theory of classical mechanics and Chaos theory.

Physics [SEP] Core theories

Though physics deals with a wide variety of systems, certain theories are used by all physicists. Each of these theories were experimentally tested numerous times and found to be an adequate approximation of nature. For instance, the theory of classical mechanics accurately describes the motion of objects, provided they are much larger than atoms and moving at much less than the speed of light. These theories continue to be areas of active research today. Chaos theory, a remarkable aspect of classical mechanics was discovered in the 20th century, three centuries after the original formulation of classical mechanics by Isaac Newton (1642–1727).


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: can you mention any of the core theories of this branch of science?

Context: The theory of classical mechanics and Chaos theory.

Question: how can you differentiate between its classical and modern form?

Answer: The laws of classical physics accurately describe systems whose important length scales are greater than the atomic scale and whose motions are much slower than the speed of light while modern physics is concerned with the behavior of matter and energy under extreme conditions or on a very large or very small scale.

Physics [SEP] Difference between classical and modern physics

While physics aims to discover universal laws, its theories lie in explicit domains of applicability. Loosely speaking, the laws of classical physics accurately describe systems whose important length scales are greater than the atomic scale and whose motions are much slower than the speed of light. Outside of this domain, observations do not match predictions provided by classical mechanics. Albert Einstein contributed the framework of special relativity, which replaced notions of absolute time and space with spacetime and allowed an accurate description of systems whose components have speeds approaching the speed of light. Max Planck, Erwin Schrödinger, and others introduced quantum mechanics, a probabilistic notion of particles and interactions that allowed an accurate description of atomic and subatomic scales.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: how can you differentiate between its classical and modern form?

Context: The laws of classical physics accurately describe systems whose important length scales are greater than the atomic scale and whose motions are much slower than the speed of light while modern physics is concerned with the behavior of matter and energy under extreme conditions or on a very large or very small scale.

Question: where is it applied?

Answer: Geology or electrical engineering.

Physics [SEP] Application and influence

Applied physics is a general term for physics research which is intended for a particular use. An applied physics curriculum usually contains a few classes in an applied discipline, like geology or electrical engineering. It usually differs from engineering in that an applied physicist may not be designing something in particular, but rather is using physics or conducting physics research with the aim of developing new technologies or solving a problem. The approach is similar to that of applied mathematics. Applied physicists use physics in scientific research. For instance, people working on accelerator physics might seek to build better particle detectors for research in theoretical physics.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Question: what are the branches of this last one?

Answer: broadcast engineering, electrical circuits, generators, motors, electromagnetic/electromechanical devices, electronic devices, electronic circuits, optical fibers, optoelectronic devices, computer systems, telecommunications, instrumentation, control systems, and electronics.

Explanation: Electrical engineering is the design, study, and manufacture of various electrical and electronic systems, such as broadcast engineering, electrical circuits, generators, motors, electromagnetic/electromechanical devices, electronic devices, electronic circuits, optical fibers, optoelectronic devices, computer systems, telecommunications, instrumentation, control systems, and electronics.

Engineering [SEP] Electrical engineering


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Context: what are the branches of this last one?

Context: broadcast engineering, electrical circuits, generators, motors, electromagnetic/electromechanical devices, electronic devices, electronic circuits, optical fibers, optoelectronic devices, computer systems, telecommunications, instrumentation, control systems, and electronics.

Question: how is business connected to it?

Answer: Business Engineering deals with the relationship between professional engineering, IT systems, business administration and change management.

Engineering [SEP] Business

Business Engineering deals with the relationship between professional engineering, IT systems, business administration and change management. Engineering management or "Management engineering" is a specialized field of management concerned with engineering practice or the engineering industry sector. The demand for management-focused engineers (or from the opposite perspective, managers with an understanding of engineering), has resulted in the development of specialized engineering management degrees that develop the knowledge and skills needed for these roles. During an engineering management course, students will develop industrial engineering skills, knowledge, and expertise, alongside knowledge of business administration, management techniques, and strategic thinking. Engineers specializing in change management must have in-depth knowledge of the application of industrial and organizational psychology principles and methods.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Context: what are the branches of this last one?

Context: how is business connected to it?

Context: Business Engineering deals with the relationship between professional engineering, IT systems, business administration and change management.

Question: what is meant by this last one?

Answer: It is a collective term for all approaches to prepare, support, and help individuals, teams, and organizations in making organizational change.

Change management [SEP] Introduction

Change management (sometimes abbreviated as CM) is a collective term for all approaches to prepare, support, and help individuals, teams, and organizations in making organizational change. Drivers of change may include the ongoing evolution of technology, internal reviews of processes, crisis response, customer demand changes, competitive pressure, acquisitions and mergers, and organizational restructuring. It includes methods that redirect or redefine the use of resources, business process, budget allocations, or other modes of operation that significantly change a company or organization. Organizational change management (OCM) considers the full organization and what needs to change, while change management may be used solely to refer to how people and teams are affected by such organizational transition.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Context: what are the branches of this last one?

Context: how is business connected to it?

Context: what is meant by this last one?

Context: It is a collective term for all approaches to prepare, support, and help individuals, teams, and organizations in making organizational change.

Question: tell me any one factor behind its success?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Change management [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Context: what are the branches of this last one?

Context: how is business connected to it?

Context: what is meant by this last one?

Context: tell me any one factor behind its success?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: any one challenge?

Answer: Difficulties of integration.

Change management [SEP] Challenges

Change management is faced with the fundamental difficulties of integration and navigation, and human factors. Change management must also take into account the human aspect where emotions and how they are handled play a significant role in implementing change successfully.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Context: what are the branches of this last one?

Context: how is business connected to it?

Context: what is meant by this last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any one challenge?

Context: Difficulties of integration.

Question: mention any one duty of the aforementioned first branch?

Answer: Maintain radio towers with proper lighting and painting.

Broadcast engineering [SEP] Duties

Modern duties of a broadcast engineer include maintaining broadcast automation systems for the studio and automatic transmission systems for the transmitter plant. There are also important duties regarding radio towers, which must be maintained with proper lighting and painting. Occasionally a station's engineer must deal with complaints of RF interference, particularly after a station has made changes to its transmission facilities.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Context: what are the branches of this last one?

Context: how is business connected to it?

Context: what is meant by this last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any one challenge?

Context: Difficulties of integration.

Context: mention any one duty of the aforementioned first branch?

Context: Maintain radio towers with proper lighting and painting.

Question: what services does it provide?

Answer: Effects processing and TV graphics.

Broadcast engineering [SEP] Digital engineering

Mixing consoles for both audio and video are continuing to become more digital in the 2000s, as is the computer storage used to keep digital media libraries. Effects processing and TV graphics can now be realized much more easily and professionally as well. With the broadcast industry's shift to IP-based production and content delivery technology (sometimes referred as Broadcast 3.0) not only the production technology and workflows are changing, but also the requirements for broadcast engineers, which now include IT and IP-networking knowhow.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Context: what are the branches of this last one?

Context: how is business connected to it?

Context: what is meant by this last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any one challenge?

Context: Difficulties of integration.

Context: what services does it provide?

Context: Effects processing and TV graphics.

Question: the actual phenomena we talked in the first; is any survey done on that?

Answer: Yes, the CfA Redshift Survey.

Redshift [SEP] Redshift surveys

With advent of automated telescopes and improvements in spectroscopes, a number of collaborations have been made to map the universe in redshift space. By combining redshift with angular position data, a redshift survey maps the 3D distribution of matter within a field of the sky. These observations are used to measure properties of the large-scale structure of the universe. The Great Wall, a vast supercluster of galaxies over 500 million light-years wide, provides a dramatic example of a large-scale structure that redshift surveys can detect. The first redshift survey was the CfA Redshift Survey, started in 1977 with the initial data collection completed in 1982.


Context: what is referred to as redshift?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Physics.

Context: where is it applied?

Context: Geology or electrical engineering.

Context: what are the branches of this last one?

Context: how is business connected to it?

Context: what is meant by this last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any one challenge?

Context: Difficulties of integration.

Context: what services does it provide?

Context: Effects processing and TV graphics.

Context: the actual phenomena we talked in the first; is any survey done on that?

Context: Yes, the CfA Redshift Survey.

Question: and what is that?

Answer: It was the first attempt to map the large-scale structure of the universe.

Explanation: The Center for Astrophysics (CfA) Redshift Survey was the first attempt to map the large-scale structure of the universe.

CfA Redshift Survey [SEP] Introduction

This initial data collection was completed by 1982. The second survey (CfA2) was started in 1985 by John Huchra and Margaret Geller and measured the redshifts of 18,000 bright galaxies in the Northern sky by 1995. Data from the second CfA survey showed that galaxies were not evenly distributed but clustered on the spherical surfaces of empty "voids". The project also made the 1989 discovery of the "Great Wall", a supercluster of galaxies surrounded by voids that surprised astronomers because its size was larger than could be produced by gravitational collapse since the beginning of the universe. Since then, superclusters have been described as artifacts of quantum fluctuations in the inflationary epoch of the universe.


Question: what is referred to as pale crag martin?

Answer: A small passerine bird.

Pale crag martin [SEP] Introduction

The pale crag martin ("Ptyonoprogne obsoleta") is a small passerine bird in the swallow family that is resident in northern Africa and in southwestern Asia east to Pakistan. It breeds mainly in the mountains, but also at lower altitudes, especially in rocky areas and around towns. Unlike most swallows, it is often found far from water. It is 12–13 cm (4.7–5.1 in) long, with mainly brown plumage, paler-toned on the upper breast and underwing coverts, and with white "windows" on the spread tail in flight. The sexes are similar in appearance, but juveniles have pale fringes to the upperparts and flight feathers.


Context: what is referred to as pale crag martin?

Context: A small passerine bird.

Question: from where did its name originate?

Answer: The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek "ptuon", "a fan", referring to the shape of the opened tail, and Procne , a mythological girl who was turned into a swallow. The specific name "obsoleta" means "worn" in Latin.

Pale crag martin [SEP] Taxonomy

The pale crag martin was first formally described in 1850 by German ornithologist Jean Cabanis as "Cotyle obsoleta", using a specimen collected from near Cairo, Egypt. It was moved to the new genus "Ptyonoprogne", created by German ornithologist Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, in the same year. The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek "ptuon" (πτύον), "a fan", referring to the shape of the opened tail, and Procne (Πρόκνη), a mythological girl who was turned into a swallow. The specific name "obsoleta" means "worn" in Latin. The "Ptyonoprogne" species are members of the swallow family of birds, and are classed as members of the Hirundininae subfamily, which comprises all swallows and martins except the very distinctive river martins.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek "ptuon", "a fan", referring to the shape of the opened tail, and Procne , a mythological girl who was turned into a swallow. The specific name "obsoleta" means "worn" in Latin.

Question: where is it found?

Answer: Northern Africa to Middle East extending up to Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Pale crag martin [SEP] Distribution and habitat

The pale crag martin breeds in suitable habitats throughout northern Africa and through the Middle East as far as Afghanistan and Pakistan. It is largely resident apart from local movements or a descent to lower altitudes after breeding. In addition, there is some short-range movement, including martins from southern Arabia crossing the Red Sea and wintering alongside the local breeding birds in Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa, and non-breeding "P. f. spatzi" and "P. f. presaharica" joining rock martins in Mali and Mauritania. In Pakistan, the breeding range of the subspecies "P. f. peloplasta" overlaps with that of the dusky crag martin, although that species breeds at much lower levels, and in North Africa "P.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: Northern Africa to Middle East extending up to Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Question: what are its sub-species?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: any species which hunts them?

Answer: Peregrine falcon, Taita falcon, African hobby and wintering Eurasian hobby.

Pale crag martin [SEP] Predators and parasites

Some falcons have the speed and agility to catch swallows and martins in flight, and pale crag martins may be hunted by species such as the peregrine falcon, Taita falcon, African hobby and wintering Eurasian hobby. Pale crag martins often share their nesting sites with little swifts, which sometimes forcibly take over martins' nests. The argasid tick "Hyalomma marginatum" was found in pale crag martin nests on a sarcophagus and an ancient tomb in Egypt. This tick has been implicated in the transmission of Bahig virus, a pathogenic arbovirus previously thought to be transmitted only by mosquitoes. Another argasid tick, "Argas africolumbae", was found in a nest of the closely related rock martins in Kenya.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: Peregrine falcon, Taita falcon, African hobby and wintering Eurasian hobby.

Question: what exactly is the first one?

Answer: A widespread bird of prey.

Peregrine falcon [SEP] Introduction

The peregrine falcon ("Falco peregrinus"), also known as the peregrine, and historically as the duck hawk in North America, is a widespread bird of prey (raptor) in the family Falconidae. A large, crow-sized falcon, it has a blue-grey back, barred white underparts, and a black head. The peregrine is renowned for its speed, reaching over during its characteristic hunting stoop (high-speed dive), making it the fastest bird in the world, as well as the fastest member of the animal kingdom. According to a "National Geographic" TV program, the highest measured speed of a peregrine falcon is . As is typical for bird-eating raptors, peregrine falcons are sexually dimorphic, with females being considerably larger than males.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Question: and the second one?

Answer: It is another type of small falcon.

Taita falcon [SEP] Introduction

The Taita falcon ("Falco fasciinucha") is a small falcon found in central and eastern Africa. It was first described from the Taita Hills of Kenya from which it derives its name.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Question: how does it behave?

Answer: It perches for long time, emerges to prey on birds with  fast, parrot-like wingbeats. Occasionally, it soars high.

Taita falcon [SEP] Behaviour

This species spends much of its time perched inconspicuously, emerging to pursue small birds with fast, parrot-like wingbeats. Occasionally, it soars high. Prey is captured on the wing and carried back to the perch to be eaten. It breeds April to September in East Africa and July to December in southern Africa. The nest is normally on bare rock, the clutch size is two to four eggs, incubation lasts 31–33 days, and the chicks fledge after about 42 days.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: It perches for long time, emerges to prey on birds with  fast, parrot-like wingbeats. Occasionally, it soars high.

Question: is the former one used in any kind of trained hunting process?

Answer: Yes, in falconry.

Peregrine falcon [SEP] Use in falconry

The peregrine falcon is a highly admired falconry bird, and has been used in falconry for more than 3,000 years, beginning with nomads in central Asia. Its advantages in falconry include not only its athleticism and eagerness to hunt, but an equable disposition that leads to it being one of the easier falcons to train. The peregrine falcon has the additional advantage of a natural flight style of circling above the falconer ("waiting on") for game to be flushed, and then performing an effective and exciting high-speed diving stoop to take the quarry. The speed of the stoop not only allows the falcon to catch fast flying birds, it also enhances the falcon's ability to exert maneuvers to catch highly agile prey, and allows the falcon to deliver a knock out blow with a fist-like clenched talon against game that may be much larger than itself.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: is the former one used in any kind of trained hunting process?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Question: can you describe this process in a line?

Answer: Falconry is the hunting of wild animals in their natural state and habitat by means of a trained bird of prey.

Falconry [SEP] Introduction

Falconry is the hunting of wild animals in their natural state and habitat by means of a trained bird of prey. Small and larger animals are hunted; squirrels and rabbits often fall prey to these birds. There are two traditional terms used to describe a person involved in falconry: a "falconer" flies a falcon; an "Austringer" (French origin) flies a hawk ("Accipiter", some buteos and similar) or an eagle ("Aquila" or similar). In modern falconry, the red-tailed hawk ("Buteo jamaicensis"), the Harris's hawk ("Parabuteo unicinctus"), and the peregrine falcon ("Falco perigrinus") are some of the more commonly used birds of prey.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Context: can you describe this process in a line?

Context: Falconry is the hunting of wild animals in their natural state and habitat by means of a trained bird of prey.

Question: from where did this originate?

Answer: In Mesopotamia.

Falconry [SEP] History

Evidence suggests that the art of falconry may have begun in Mesopotamia, with the earliest accounts dating to approximately 2,000 BC. There are also some raptor representations in the northern Altai, western Mongolia. The falcon was a symbolic bird of ancient Mongol tribes. There is some disagreement about whether such early accounts document the practice of falconry (from the "Epic of Gilgamesh" and others) or are misinterpreted depictions of humans with birds of prey. During the Turkic Period of Central Asia (7th century AD), concrete figures of falconer on horseback were described on the rocks in Kyrgyz. Falconry was probably introduced to Europe around AD 400, when the Huns and Alans invaded from the east.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Context: from where did this originate?

Context: In Mesopotamia.

Question: which species were used for its contemporary form?

Answer: Several types of raptors and at times owls.

Falconry [SEP] Birds used in contemporary falconry

There are several raptors used in falconry. They are typically classed as follows: Owls are also used, although they are far less common. In determining whether a species can or should be used for falconry, the species' behavior in a captive environment, its responsiveness to training, and its typical prey and hunting habits are considered. To some degree, a species' reputation will determine whether it is used, although this factor is somewhat harder to objectively gauge.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Context: from where did this originate?

Context: In Mesopotamia.

Context: which species were used for its contemporary form?

Context: Several types of raptors and at times owls.

Question: now which places in the world still practice it?

Answer: The UK and the USA.

Explanation:
In the UK, the British Falconers' Club (BFC) is the oldest and largest of the falconry clubs. The club was founded in 1927 by the surviving members of the Old Hawking Club, itself founded in 1864. Working closely with the Hawk Board, an advisory body representing the interests of UK bird of prey keepers, the BFC is in the forefront of raptor conservation, falconer education, and sustainable falconry. Established in 1927, the BFC now has a membership of over 1,200 falconers. It began as a small and elite club, however it is now a sizeable democratic organisation that has members from all walks of life flying hawks, falcons, and eagles at legal quarry throughout the British Isles.

The North American Falconers' Association (NAFA), founded in 1961, is the premier club for falconry in the US, Canada, and Mexico, and has members worldwide. See North American Falconers Association. NAFA is the primary club in the United States and has a membership from around the world. Most USA states have

Falconry [SEP] Clubs and organizations


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Context: from where did this originate?

Context: In Mesopotamia.

Context: now which places in the world still practice it?

Context: The UK and the USA.

Question: is there any club for this?

Answer: Yes, the British Falconers' Club and the North American Falconers' Association.

Explanation:
In the UK, the British Falconers' Club (BFC) is the oldest and largest of the falconry clubs. The club was founded in 1927 by the surviving members of the Old Hawking Club, itself founded in 1864. Working closely with the Hawk Board, an advisory body representing the interests of UK bird of prey keepers, the BFC is in the forefront of raptor conservation, falconer education, and sustainable falconry. Established in 1927, the BFC now has a membership of over 1,200 falconers. It began as a small and elite club, however it is now a sizeable democratic organisation that has members from all walks of life flying hawks, falcons, and eagles at legal quarry throughout the British Isles.

The North American Falconers' Association (NAFA), founded in 1961, is the premier club for falconry in the US, Canada, and Mexico,

Falconry [SEP] Clubs and organizations


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Context: from where did this originate?

Context: In Mesopotamia.

Context: The UK and the USA.

Context: is there any club for this?

Context: Yes, the British Falconers' Club and the North American Falconers' Association.

Question: which hybrid form of species are used for it?

Answer: Different falcon species are paired for production of hybrids. For example male sakers and female peregrines are paired to produce hybrids.

Falconry [SEP] Hybrid falcons

Thus, naturally occurring hybridization is thought to be somewhat insignificant to gene flow in raptor species. The first hybrid falcons produced in captivity occurred in western Ireland when veteran falconer Ronald Stevens and John Morris put a male saker and a female peregrine into the same moulting mews for the spring and early summer, and the two mated and produced offspring. Captively bred hybrid falcons have been available since the late 1970s, and enjoyed a meteoric rise in popularity in North America and the UK in the 1990s. Hybrids were initially "created" to combine the horizontal speed and size of the gyrfalcon with the good disposition and aerial ability of the peregrine.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Context: from where did this originate?

Context: In Mesopotamia.

Context: The UK and the USA.

Context: is there any club for this?

Context: which hybrid form of species are used for it?

Context: Different falcon species are paired for production of hybrids. For example male sakers and female peregrines are paired to produce hybrids.

Question: do you know word or idiom which is derived from this process?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Falconry [SEP] Hybrid falcons

The species within the genus "Falco" are closely related and some pairings produce viable offspring. The heavy northern gyrfalcon and Asiatic saker being especially closely related, and it is not known whether the Altai falcon is a subspecies of the saker or descendants of naturally occurring hybrids. Peregrine and prairie falcons have been observed breeding in the wild and have produced offspring. These pairings are thought to be rare, however extra-pair copulations between closely related species may occur more frequently and/or account for most natural occurring hybridization. Some male first generation hybrids may have viable sperm, whereas very few first generation female hybrids lay fertile eggs.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Context: from where did this originate?

Context: In Mesopotamia.

Context: The UK and the USA.

Context: is there any club for this?

Context: do you know word or idiom which is derived from this process?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was the latter club found?

Answer: In 1961.

North American Falconers Association [SEP] Introduction

The North American Falconers Association (NAFA) is a falconry organization composed primarily of falconers. Founded in 1961 by Hal Webster, Frank Beebe (the authors of "North American Falconry And Hunting Hawks") and other prominent falconers of the time, NAFA is a not-for-profit private association formed to: NAFA hosts an annual meet. The location varies (generally tending to be in the Western half of the US), but is generally held during the week of Thanksgiving, in late November.


Context: A small passerine bird.

Context: from where did its name originate?

Context: where is it found?

Context: what are its sub-species?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any species which hunts them?

Context: what exactly is the first one?

Context: A widespread bird of prey.

Context: and the second one?

Context: It is another type of small falcon.

Context: how does it behave?

Context: Yes, in falconry.

Context: from where did this originate?

Context: In Mesopotamia.

Context: The UK and the USA.

Context: is there any club for this?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the latter club found?

Context: In 1961.

Question: and who is the founder?

Answer: Hal Webster, Frank Beebe and other prominent falconers of the time.


Question: what short stories did edgar allan poe write

Answer: MS. Found in a Bottle

Explanation: He placed a few stories with a Philadelphia publication and began work on his only drama "Politian". The "Baltimore Saturday Visiter" awarded him a prize in October 1833 for his short story "MS. Found in a Bottle". The story brought him to the attention of John P. Kennedy, a Baltimorean of considerable means who helped Poe place some of his stories and introduced him to Thomas W. White, editor of the "Southern Literary Messenger" in Richmond. Poe became assistant editor of the periodical in August 1835, but White discharged him within a few weeks for being drunk on the job. Poe returned to Baltimore where he obtained a license to marry his cousin Virginia on September 22, 1835, though it is unknown if they were married at that time. He was 26 and she was 13.

Edgar Allan Poe [SEP] Publishing career

After his brother's death, Poe began more earnest attempts to start his career as a writer, but he chose a difficult time in American publishing to do so. He was one of the first Americans to live by writing alone and was hampered by the lack of an international copyright law. American publishers often produced unauthorized copies of British works rather than paying for new work by Americans. The industry was also particularly hurt by the Panic of 1837. There was a booming growth in American periodicals around this time, fueled in part by new technology, but many did not last beyond a few issues.


Context: what short stories did edgar allan poe write

Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Question: was he in military?

Answer: Yes - he was in the United States Army as a private on May 27, 1827

Explanation: Poe was unable to support himself, so he enlisted in the United States Army as a private on May 27, 1827, using the name "Edgar A. Perry". He claimed that he was even though he was 18. He first served at Fort Independence in Boston Harbor for five dollars a month. That same year, he released his first book, a 40-page collection of poetry titled "Tamerlane and Other Poems", attributed with the byline "by a Bostonian".

Edgar Allan Poe [SEP] Military career

In September of that year Poe received “the very first words of encouragement I ever remember to have heard” in a review of his poetry by influential critic John Neal, prompting Poe to dedicate one of the poems to Neal in his second book "Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and Minor Poems", published in Baltimore in 1829. Poe traveled to West Point and matriculated as a cadet on July 1, 1830. In October 1830, Allan married his second wife Louisa Patterson. The marriage and bitter quarrels with Poe over the children born to Allan out of extramarital affairs led to the foster father finally disowning Poe.


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: Yes - he was in the United States Army as a private on May 27, 1827

Question: what are some of the components of the us army?

Answer: Regular Army, the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard

United States Army [SEP] Army components

After World War II, the ORC and ERC were combined into the United States Army Reserve. The Army of the United States was re-established for the Korean War and Vietnam War and was demobilized upon the suspension of the draft. Currently, the Army is divided into the Regular Army, the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard. Some states further maintain state defense forces, as a type of reserve to the National Guard, while all states maintain regulations for state militias. State militias are both "organized", meaning that they are armed forces usually part of the state defense forces, or "unorganized" simply meaning that all able bodied males may be eligible to be called into military service.


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: what are some of the components of the us army?

Context: Regular Army, the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard

Question: does it have special forces?

Answer: Yes - 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne), 3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne), 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne)

United States Army Special Operations Command [SEP] Special Forces Groups

Their unconventional warfare capabilities provide a viable military option for a variety of operational taskings that are inappropriate or infeasible for conventional forces, making it the U.S. military's premier unconventional warfare force. Today, there are seven special forces groups: 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne), 3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne), 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne), 7th Special Forces Group (Airborne), 10th Special Forces Group (Airborne), 19th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (ARNG), and 20th Special Forces Group (Airborne) (ARNG).


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: Yes - 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne), 3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne), 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne)

Question: which vehicle do they use?

Answer: M1A2 Abrams, M2A3 Bradley,  Stryker, AH-64 Apache attack helicopter

Explanation:
U.S. Army doctrine puts a premium on mechanized warfare. It fields the highest vehicle-to-soldier ratio in the world as of 2009. The army's most common vehicle is the High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV), commonly called the Humvee, which is capable of serving as a cargo/troop carrier, weapons platform and ambulance, among many other roles. While they operate a wide variety of combat support vehicles, one of the most common types centers on the family of HEMTT vehicles. The M1A2 Abrams is the army's main battle tank, while the M2A3 Bradley is the standard infantry fighting vehicle. Other vehicles include the Stryker, the M113 armored personnel carrier and multiple types of Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) vehicles.
The U.S. Army's principal artillery weapons are the M109A6 Paladin self-propelled howitzer and the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS), both mounted on tracked platforms and assigned to heavy mechanized units.

While the United States Army Aviation

United States Army [SEP] Vehicles


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: M1A2 Abrams, M2A3 Bradley,  Stryker, AH-64 Apache attack helicopter

Question: who produced the third vehicle?

Answer: General Dynamics Land Systems

Stryker [SEP] Introduction

The ICV (Infantry Carrier Vehicle) Stryker is a family of eight-wheeled armored fighting vehicles derived from the Canadian LAV III. Stryker vehicles are produced by General Dynamics Land Systems for the United States Army. It has 4-wheel drive (8×4) and can be switched to all-wheel drive (8×8). The vehicle is named for two unrelated U.S. soldiers who posthumously received the Medal of Honor: Private First Class Stuart S. Stryker, who died in World War II, and Specialist Four Robert F. Stryker, who died in the Vietnam War.


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Question: does it contain weaponry?

Answer: Yes -  .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 machine gun,  7.62 mm M240B machine gun, or 40 mm Mk 19 grenade launcher.

Explanation:
With the exception of some specialized variants, the primary armament of the Stryker is a Protector M151 Remote Weapon Station with .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 machine gun, 7.62 mm M240B machine gun, or 40 mm Mk 19 grenade launcher. The choice of armament was driven by many factors. The US Army wanted a vehicle that could rapidly transport and protect infantry to and around battlefields.

In September 2017, Raytheon fired Stinger missiles it had integrated into a Stryker-mounted Common Remotely Operated Weapon Station (CROWS) to intercept airborne targets in a demonstration, turning the vehicle into a short-range air defense system. The Army is considering the capability and if selected could be rapidly fielded within two years.

In August 2018, 86 Strykers began fielding with a CROWS turret adapted to be able to fit a Javelin anti-tank missile tube, allowing the vehicle to fire the weapon instead of needing dismounted troops to use it.

Stryker [SEP] Armament


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: Yes -  .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 machine gun,  7.62 mm M240B machine gun, or 40 mm Mk 19 grenade launcher.

Question: what is its variant?

Answer: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Stryker [SEP] Double V-Hull

In response to poor performance against IEDs, the Army began manufacturing and retrofitting Stryker vehicles with a more survivable double v-hull designed underside. Seven Stryker versions are being produced in this configuration; the M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV, M1251 FSVV, M1257 ESVV, M1254 MEVV and M1253 ATVV. Three variants are not receiving the new hull and will retain their current flat-bottom configuration: the M1127 Reconnaissance Vehicle, the M1128 Mobile Gun System, and the M1135 NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle.


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Question: what are some of its mechanical features?

Answer: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Stryker [SEP] Engine and mechanical features

For its powerpack the Stryker uses a Caterpillar diesel engine common in U.S. Army medium-lift trucks, eliminating additional training for maintenance crews and allowing the use of common parts. Because of obsolescence concerns, the Caterpillar 3126 engine was recently replaced by a Caterpillar C7 engine and the Allison 3200SP transmission. Pneumatic or hydraulic systems drive almost all of the vehicle's mechanical features; for example, a pneumatic system switches between 8×4 and 8×8 drive. Designers strove to ease the maintainer's job, equipping most cables, hoses, and mechanical systems with quick-disconnecting mechanisms. The engine and transmission can be removed and reinstalled in approximately two hours, allowing repairs to the turbocharger and many other components to be done outside the vehicle.


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: what are some of its mechanical features?

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Question: and its engine features?

Answer: For its powerpack the Stryker uses a Caterpillar diesel engine common in U.S. Army medium-lift trucks, eliminating additional training for maintenance crews and allowing the use of common parts.

Explanation: For its powerpack the Stryker uses a Caterpillar diesel engine common in U.S. Army medium-lift trucks, eliminating additional training for maintenance crews and allowing the use of common parts. Because of obsolescence concerns, the Caterpillar 3126 engine was recently replaced by a Caterpillar C7 engine and the Allison 3200SP transmission.


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Context: and its engine features?

Context: For its powerpack the Stryker uses a Caterpillar diesel engine common in U.S. Army medium-lift trucks, eliminating additional training for maintenance crews and allowing the use of common parts.

Question: the insect name that you just mentioned, how does it effect the health of humans?

Answer: Caterpillar hairs sometimes have venoms in them and species from approximately 12 families of moths or butterflies worldwide can inflict serious human injuries ranging from urticarial dermatitis and atopic asthma to osteochondritis, consumption coagulopathy, kidney failure, and brain bleeding.

Caterpillar [SEP] Human health

Caterpillar hair can be a cause of human health problems. Caterpillar hairs sometimes have venoms in them and species from approximately 12 families of moths or butterflies worldwide can inflict serious human injuries ranging from urticarial dermatitis and atopic asthma to osteochondritis, consumption coagulopathy, kidney failure, and brain bleeding. Skin rashes are the most common, but there have been fatalities. "Lonomia" is a frequent cause of envenomation in Brazil, with 354 cases reported between 1989 and 2005. Lethality ranging up to 20% with death caused most often by intracranial hemorrhage. Caterpillar hair has also been known to cause kerato-conjunctivitis. The sharp barbs on the end of caterpillar hairs can get lodged in soft tissues and mucous membranes such as the eyes.


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Context: and its engine features?

Context: the insect name that you just mentioned, how does it effect the health of humans?

Context: Caterpillar hairs sometimes have venoms in them and species from approximately 12 families of moths or butterflies worldwide can inflict serious human injuries ranging from urticarial dermatitis and atopic asthma to osteochondritis, consumption coagulopathy, kidney failure, and brain bleeding.

Question: how is it related to economy?

Answer: Caterpillars cause much damage, mainly by eating leaves.The cotton bollworm causes enormous losses. Other species eat food crops. Caterpillars have been the target of pest control through the use of pesticides, biological control and agronomic practices

Explanation: Caterpillars cause much damage, mainly by eating leaves. The propensity for damage is enhanced by monocultural farming practices, especially where the caterpillar is specifically adapted to the host plant under cultivation. The cotton bollworm causes enormous losses. Other species eat food crops. Caterpillars have been the target of pest control through the use of pesticides, biological control and agronomic practices. Many species have become resistant to pesticides. Bacterial toxins such as those from "Bacillus thuringiensis" which are evolved to affect the gut of Lepidoptera have been used in sprays of bacterial spores, toxin extracts and also by incorporating genes to produce them within the host plants. These approaches are defeated over time by the evolution of resistance mechanisms in the insects.

Caterpillar [SEP] Economic effects


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Context: and its engine features?

Context: how is it related to economy?

Context: Caterpillars cause much damage, mainly by eating leaves.The cotton bollworm causes enormous losses. Other species eat food crops. Caterpillars have been the target of pest control through the use of pesticides, biological control and agronomic practices

Question: does it have any positive effect on economy?

Answer: Yes - The silk industry is based on the silkworm caterpillar.

Caterpillar [SEP] Economic effects

These approaches are defeated over time by the evolution of resistance mechanisms in the insects. Plants evolve mechanisms of resistance to being eaten by caterpillars, including the evolution of chemical toxins and physical barriers such as hairs. Incorporating host plant resistance (HPR) through plant breeding is another approach used in reducing the impact of caterpillars on crop plants. Some caterpillars are used in industry. The silk industry is based on the silkworm caterpillar.


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Context: and its engine features?

Context: how is it related to economy?

Context: does it have any positive effect on economy?

Context: Yes - The silk industry is based on the silkworm caterpillar.

Question: how is the product that you just mentioned cultivated?

Answer: Silk moths lay eggs on specially prepared paper. The eggs hatch and the caterpillars (silkworms) are fed fresh mulberry leaves. After about 35 days and 4 moltings, the caterpillars are ready to begin spinning a silk cocoon

Explanation: Silk moths lay eggs on specially prepared paper. The eggs hatch and the caterpillars (silkworms) are fed fresh mulberry leaves. After about 35 days and 4 moltings, the caterpillars are 10,000 times heavier than when hatched and are ready to begin spinning a cocoon. A straw frame is placed over the tray of caterpillars, and each caterpillar begins spinning a cocoon by moving its head in a pattern. Two glands produce liquid silk and force it through openings in the head called spinnerets. Liquid silk is coated in sericin, a water-soluble protective gum, and solidifies on contact with the air. Within 2–3 days, the caterpillar spins about 1 mile of filament and is completely encased in a cocoon. The silk farmers then heat the cocoons to kill them, leaving some to metamorphose into moths to breed the next generation of caterpillars. Harvested cocoons are then soaked in boiling water to soften the sericin holding the silk fibers together in a cocoon shape. The fibers are then unwound to prod

Silk [SEP] Cultivation


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Context: and its engine features?

Context: how is it related to economy?

Context: how is the product that you just mentioned cultivated?

Context: Silk moths lay eggs on specially prepared paper. The eggs hatch and the caterpillars (silkworms) are fed fresh mulberry leaves. After about 35 days and 4 moltings, the caterpillars are ready to begin spinning a silk cocoon

Question: which industries uses it?

Answer: Silk had many industrial and commercial uses, such as in parachutes, bicycle tires, comforter filling and artillery gunpowder bags.

Explanation: Silk had many industrial and commercial uses, such as in parachutes, bicycle tires, comforter filling and artillery gunpowder bags.

Silk [SEP] Industry


Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Context: and its engine features?

Context: how is it related to economy?

Context: which industries uses it?

Context: Silk had many industrial and commercial uses, such as in parachutes, bicycle tires, comforter filling and artillery gunpowder bags.

Question: what are the characteristic of the first one?

Answer: They are designed to open softly. During deployment, the slider slides down from the canopy to just above the risers. The slider is slowed by air resistance as it descends and reduces the rate at which the lines can spread

Explanation:
Main parachutes used by skydivers today are designed to open softly. Overly rapid deployment was an early problem with ram-air designs. The primary innovation that slows the deployment of a ram-air canopy is the slider; a small rectangular piece of fabric with a grommet near each corner. Four collections of lines go through the grommets to the risers (risers are strips of webbing joining the harness and the rigging lines of a parachute). During deployment, the slider slides down from the canopy to just above the risers. The slider is slowed by air resistance as it descends and reduces the rate at which the lines can spread. This reduces the speed at which the canopy can open and inflate.

At the same time, the overall design of a parachute still has a significant influence on the deployment speed. Modern sport parachutes' deployment speeds vary considerably. Most modern parachutes open comfortably, but individual skydivers may prefer harsher deployment.

Parachute [SEP] General characteristics


Context: what short stories did edgar allan poe write

Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: Yes - he was in the United States Army as a private on May 27, 1827

Context: what are some of the components of the us army?

Context: Regular Army, the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: Yes - 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne), 3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne), 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne)

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: M1A2 Abrams, M2A3 Bradley,  Stryker, AH-64 Apache attack helicopter

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: Yes -  .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 machine gun,  7.62 mm M240B machine gun, or 40 mm Mk 19 grenade launcher.

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: what are some of its mechanical features?

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Context: and its engine features?

Context: For its powerpack the Stryker uses a Caterpillar diesel engine common in U.S. Army medium-lift trucks, eliminating additional training for maintenance crews and allowing the use of common parts.

Context: the insect name that you just mentioned, how does it effect the health of humans?

Context: Caterpillar hairs sometimes have venoms in them and species from approximately 12 families of moths or butterflies worldwide can inflict serious human injuries ranging from urticarial dermatitis and atopic asthma to osteochondritis, consumption coagulopathy, kidney failure, and brain bleeding.

Context: how is it related to economy?

Context: Caterpillars cause much damage, mainly by eating leaves.The cotton bollworm causes enormous losses. Other species eat food crops. Caterpillars have been the target of pest control through the use of pesticides, biological control and agronomic practices

Context: does it have any positive effect on economy?

Context: Yes - The silk industry is based on the silkworm caterpillar.

Context: how is the product that you just mentioned cultivated?

Context: Silk moths lay eggs on specially prepared paper. The eggs hatch and the caterpillars (silkworms) are fed fresh mulberry leaves. After about 35 days and 4 moltings, the caterpillars are ready to begin spinning a silk cocoon

Context: which industries uses it?

Context: Silk had many industrial and commercial uses, such as in parachutes, bicycle tires, comforter filling and artillery gunpowder bags.

Context: what are the characteristic of the first one?

Context: They are designed to open softly. During deployment, the slider slides down from the canopy to just above the risers. The slider is slowed by air resistance as it descends and reduces the rate at which the lines can spread

Question: is there a possibility of malfunction?

Answer: Yes

Explanation: Below are listed the malfunctions specific to round parachutes.

Parachute [SEP] Malfunctions


Context: what short stories did edgar allan poe write

Context: MS. Found in a Bottle

Context: was he in military?

Context: Yes - he was in the United States Army as a private on May 27, 1827

Context: what are some of the components of the us army?

Context: Regular Army, the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard

Context: does it have special forces?

Context: Yes - 1st Special Forces Group (Airborne), 3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne), 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne)

Context: which vehicle do they use?

Context: M1A2 Abrams, M2A3 Bradley,  Stryker, AH-64 Apache attack helicopter

Context: who produced the third vehicle?

Context: General Dynamics Land Systems

Context: does it contain weaponry?

Context: Yes -  .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 machine gun,  7.62 mm M240B machine gun, or 40 mm Mk 19 grenade launcher.

Context: what is its variant?

Context: M1256 ICVV, M1252 MCVV, M1255 CVV

Context: what are some of its mechanical features?

Context: Pneumatic or hydraulic systems

Context: and its engine features?

Context: For its powerpack the Stryker uses a Caterpillar diesel engine common in U.S. Army medium-lift trucks, eliminating additional training for maintenance crews and allowing the use of common parts.

Context: the insect name that you just mentioned, how does it effect the health of humans?

Context: Caterpillar hairs sometimes have venoms in them and species from approximately 12 families of moths or butterflies worldwide can inflict serious human injuries ranging from urticarial dermatitis and atopic asthma to osteochondritis, consumption coagulopathy, kidney failure, and brain bleeding.

Context: how is it related to economy?

Context: Caterpillars cause much damage, mainly by eating leaves.The cotton bollworm causes enormous losses. Other species eat food crops. Caterpillars have been the target of pest control through the use of pesticides, biological control and agronomic practices

Context: does it have any positive effect on economy?

Context: Yes - The silk industry is based on the silkworm caterpillar.

Context: how is the product that you just mentioned cultivated?

Context: Silk moths lay eggs on specially prepared paper. The eggs hatch and the caterpillars (silkworms) are fed fresh mulberry leaves. After about 35 days and 4 moltings, the caterpillars are ready to begin spinning a silk cocoon

Context: which industries uses it?

Context: Silk had many industrial and commercial uses, such as in parachutes, bicycle tires, comforter filling and artillery gunpowder bags.

Context: what are the characteristic of the first one?

Context: They are designed to open softly. During deployment, the slider slides down from the canopy to just above the risers. The slider is slowed by air resistance as it descends and reduces the rate at which the lines can spread

Context: is there a possibility of malfunction?

Context: Yes

Question: was it used in any war?

Answer: Yes - In World War I

Explanation: The first military use of the parachute was by artillery observers on tethered observation balloons in World War I. These were tempting targets for enemy fighter aircraft, though difficult to destroy, due to their heavy anti-aircraft defenses. Because it was difficult to escape from them, and dangerous when on fire due to their hydrogen inflation, observers would abandon them and descend by parachute as soon as enemy aircraft were seen. The ground crew would then attempt to retrieve and deflate the balloon as quickly as possible. The main part of the parachute was in a bag suspended from the balloon with the pilot wearing only a simple waist harness attached to the main parachute. When the balloon crew jumped the main part of the parachute was pulled from the bag by the crew's waist harness, first the shroud lines, followed by the main canopy. This type of parachute was first adopted on a large scale for their observation balloon crews by the Germans, and then later by the British and

Parachute [SEP] World War I


Question: what's the ring called in lord of the rings

Answer: The "One Ring"

One Ring [SEP] Introduction

The One Ring is a central plot element in J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" (1954–55). It first appeared in the earlier story "The Hobbit" (1937) as a magic ring that grants the wearer invisibility. Tolkien changed it into a malevolent Ring of Power and re-wrote parts of "The Hobbit" to fit in with the expanded narrative. "The Lord of the Rings" describes the hobbit Frodo Baggins's quest to destroy the Ring. Critics have noticed similarities and differences with the ring-based plot of Richard Wagner's opera cycle "Der Ring des Nibelungen"; Tolkien denied any connection, but at the least, both men drew on the same mythology.


Context: what's the ring called in lord of the rings

Context: The "One Ring"

Question: what is its purpose?

Answer: The One Ring is a central plot element in "The Lord of the Rings", it is a magic ring that grants the wearer invisibility

Explanation: The One Ring is a central plot element in J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" (1954–55). It first appeared in the earlier story "The Hobbit" (1937) as a magic ring that grants the wearer invisibility

One Ring [SEP] Introduction


Context: The "One Ring"

Context: what is its purpose?

Context: The One Ring is a central plot element in "The Lord of the Rings", it is a magic ring that grants the wearer invisibility

Question: what does it look like?

Answer: The Ring seemed to be made simply of gold

One Ring [SEP] Appearance

The Ring seemed to be made simply of gold, but it was completely impervious to damage, even to dragon fire (unlike other rings). It could be destroyed only by throwing it into the pit of the volcanic Mount Doom where it had been forged. Like some lesser rings, but unlike the other Rings of Power, it bore no gem. It could change size, and perhaps its weight, and could suddenly expand to escape from its wearer. Its identity could be determined by placing it in a fire, when it displayed a fiery inscription in the Black Speech that Sauron had devised.


Context: The "One Ring"

Context: what is its purpose?

Context: what does it look like?

Context: The Ring seemed to be made simply of gold

Question: who are some of the ring bearers?

Answer: The hobbits Bilbo, Frodo, and Sam

One Ring [SEP] Fate of the Ring-bearers

Of the Ring-bearers, three were alive after the Ring's destruction, the hobbits Bilbo, Frodo, and Sam. Bilbo, having borne the Ring the longest, had had his life much prolonged. Frodo was scarred physically and mentally by his quest. Sam, having only briefly kept the Ring, was affected the least. In consideration of the trials of the Ring-bearers, the Valar allowed them to travel to the Undying Lands, accompanying Galadriel, Elrond, and Gandalf. Sam is also said to have been taken to the Undying Lands, after living in the Shire for many years and raising a large family. Tolkien emphasized that the restorative sojourn of the Ring-bearers in the Undying Lands would not have been permanent.


Context: The "One Ring"

Context: what is its purpose?

Context: what does it look like?

Context: who are some of the ring bearers?

Context: The hobbits Bilbo, Frodo, and Sam

Question: who are they?

Answer: They are the hobbits

Explanation: "The Lord of the Rings" describes the hobbit Frodo Baggins's quest to destroy the Ring.

One Ring [SEP] Introduction


Context: The "One Ring"

Context: what is its purpose?

Context: what does it look like?

Context: who are some of the ring bearers?

Context: The hobbits Bilbo, Frodo, and Sam

Context: who are they?

Context: They are the hobbits

Question: what does that mean?

Answer: Hobbits or Halflings are a fictional human-like race in the novels of J. R. R. Tolkien, about half the height of humans.

Hobbit [SEP] Introduction

Hobbits or Halflings are a fictional human-like race in the novels of J. R. R. Tolkien, about half the height of humans. They live barefooted, and live in underground houses which have windows, as they are typically built into the sides of hills. Hobbits first appeared in the 1937 children's novel "The Hobbit", whose titular hobbit is the protagonist Bilbo Baggins, who is thrown into an unexpected adventure involving a dragon. In its sequel, "The Lord of the Rings", the hobbits Frodo Baggins, Sam Gamgee, Pippin Took, and Merry Brandybuck are primary characters. Hobbits are briefly mentioned in "The Silmarillion" and "Unfinished Tales", which are set in the same fictional world, Middle-earth.


Context: The "One Ring"

Context: what is its purpose?

Context: what does it look like?

Context: who are some of the ring bearers?

Context: The hobbits Bilbo, Frodo, and Sam

Context: who are they?

Context: They are the hobbits

Context: what does that mean?

Context: Hobbits or Halflings are a fictional human-like race in the novels of J. R. R. Tolkien, about half the height of humans.

Question: which novels has the author penned?

Answer: "Sketch of the Mythology",  "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings"

J. R. R. Tolkien [SEP] Introduction

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (; 3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer, poet, philologist, and academic, best known as the author of the high fantasy works "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings". He served as the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon and Fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, from 1945 to 1959. He was at one time a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as The Inklings.


Context: The "One Ring"

Context: what is its purpose?

Context: what does it look like?

Context: who are some of the ring bearers?

Context: The hobbits Bilbo, Frodo, and Sam

Context: who are they?

Context: They are the hobbits

Context: what does that mean?

Context: which novels has the author penned?

Context: "Sketch of the Mythology",  "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings"

Question: from where did the second ring bearer get its name?

Answer: Frodo's name comes from the Old English name "Fróda", meaning "wise by experience".

Frodo Baggins [SEP] Introduction

Frodo Baggins is a fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's writings, and one of the protagonists in "The Lord of the Rings". Frodo is a hobbit of the Shire who inherits the One Ring from his cousin Bilbo Baggins and undertakes the quest to destroy it in the fires of Mount Doom in Mordor. He is mentioned in Tolkien's posthumously published works, "The Silmarillion" and "Unfinished Tales". Frodo is repeatedly wounded during the quest, and becomes increasingly burdened by the Ring as it nears Mordor. He changes, too, growing in understanding and compassion, and avoiding violence. Frodo's name comes from the Old English name "Fróda", meaning "wise by experience".


Context: The "One Ring"

Context: what is its purpose?

Context: what does it look like?

Context: who are some of the ring bearers?

Context: The hobbits Bilbo, Frodo, and Sam

Context: who are they?

Context: They are the hobbits

Context: what does that mean?

Context: which novels has the author penned?

Context: from where did the second ring bearer get its name?

Context: Frodo's name comes from the Old English name "Fróda", meaning "wise by experience".

Question: who are his ancestors?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Frodo Baggins [SEP] Introduction