Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is junko tabei?

Context: A mountaineer.

Context: when did she begin exploring mountains?

Context: At the age of ten.

Context: where was she born?

Context: Miharu, Fukushima.

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did she study?

Context: Showa Women's University.

Context: She worked on ecological concerns.

Context: how is she associated to everest?

Context: what is the unique characteristics of the latter?

Context: The jumping spiders, unlike the other families, have faces that are roughly rectangular surfaces perpendicular to their direction of motion.

Question: what do they eat?

Answer: Although they are generally carnivorous, many species have been known to include nectar in their diets, and one species, "Bagheera kiplingi", feeds primarily on plant matter.

Jumping spider [SEP] Diet

Although jumping spiders are generally carnivorous, many species have been known to include nectar in their diets, and one species, "Bagheera kiplingi", feeds primarily on plant matter. None are known to feed on seeds or fruit. Extrafloral nectaries on plants, such as "Chamaecrista fasciculata" (partridge pea), provide jumping spiders with nectar; the plant benefits accordingly when the spiders prey on whatever pests they find. The female of the Southeast Asian species "Toxeus magnus" feeds its offspring with a milky, nutritious fluid for the first 40 days of their lives. Female offspring are also allowed some milk after sexual maturity.


Question: role of mitochondria and chloroplast in energy transduction

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Mitochondrion [SEP] Introduction

The mitochondrion (, plural mitochondria) is a semi autonomous double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms. Some cells in some multicellular organisms may, however, lack mitochondria (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells). A number of unicellular organisms, such as microsporidia, parabasalids, and diplomonads, have also reduced or transformed their mitochondria into other structures. To date, only one eukaryote, "Monocercomonoides", is known to have completely lost its mitochondria, and one multicellular organism, "Henneguya salminicola", is known to have retained mitochondrion-related organelles in association with a complete loss of their mitochondrial genome. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek , , "thread", and , , "granule" or "grain-like".


Context: role of mitochondria and chloroplast in energy transduction

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who or what is the above mentioned entity?

Answer: It is a semi autonomous double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms

Explanation: The mitochondrion (, plural mitochondria) is a semi autonomous double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms

Mitochondrion [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who or what is the above mentioned entity?

Context: It is a semi autonomous double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms

Question: what is its shape?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Mitochondrion [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its shape?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who discovered it?

Answer: Richard Altmann

Mitochondrion [SEP] History of discovery and research

The first observations of intracellular structures that probably represented mitochondria were published in the 1840s. Richard Altmann, in 1890, established them as cell organelles and called them "bioblasts". The term "mitochondria" was coined by Carl Benda in 1898. Leonor Michaelis discovered that Janus green can be used as a supravital stain for mitochondria in 1900. In 1904, Friedrich Meves, made the first recorded observation of mitochondria in plants in cells of the white waterlily, "Nymphaea alba" and in 1908, along with Claudius Regaud, suggested that they contain proteins and lipids. Benjamin F. Kingsbury, in 1912, first related them with cell respiration, but almost exclusively based on morphological observations.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its shape?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Richard Altmann

Question: who was he?

Answer: He as a German pathologist and histologist from Deutsch Eylau in the Province of Prussia.

Explanation: Richard Altmann (12 March 1852 – 8 December 1900) was a German pathologist and histologist from Deutsch Eylau in the Province of Prussia.

Richard Altmann [SEP] Introduction

He named the granules "bioblasts", and explained them as the elementary living units, having metabolic and genetic autonomy, in his 1890 book ""Die Elementarorganismen"" ("The Elementary Organism"). His explanation drew much skepticism and harsh criticism. Altmann's granules are now believed to be mitochondria.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its shape?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Richard Altmann

Context: who was he?

Context: He as a German pathologist and histologist from Deutsch Eylau in the Province of Prussia.

Question: when was he born?

Answer: Deutsch Eylau in the Province of Prussia

Richard Altmann [SEP] Introduction

Richard Altmann (12 March 1852 – 8 December 1900) was a German pathologist and histologist from Deutsch Eylau in the Province of Prussia. Altmann studied medicine in Greifswald, Königsberg, Marburg, and Giessen, obtaining a doctorate at the University of Giessen in 1877. He then worked as a prosector at Leipzig, and in 1887 became an anatomy professor (extraordinary). He died in Hubertusburg in 1900 from a nervous disorder. He improved fixation methods, for instance, his solution of potassium dichromate and osmium tetroxide. Using that along with a new staining technique of applying acid-fuchsin contrasted by picric acid amid delicate heating, he observed filaments in the nearly all cell types, developed from granules.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its shape?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Richard Altmann

Context: who was he?

Context: when was he born?

Context: Deutsch Eylau in the Province of Prussia

Question: where did finish his studies?

Answer: University of Giessen

Explanation: Altmann studied medicine in Greifswald, Königsberg, Marburg, and Giessen, obtaining a doctorate at the University of Giessen in 1877

Richard Altmann [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its shape?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Richard Altmann

Context: who was he?

Context: when was he born?

Context: where did finish his studies?

Context: University of Giessen

Question: where is this university located?

Answer: Giessen, Hesse, Germany

University of Giessen [SEP] Introduction

University of Giessen, official name Justus Liebig University Giessen (German: "Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen"), is a large public research university in Giessen, Hesse, Germany. It is named after its most famous faculty member, Justus von Liebig, the founder of modern agricultural chemistry and inventor of artificial fertiliser. It covers the areas of arts/humanities, business, dentistry, economics, law, medicine, science, social sciences, and veterinary medicine. Its university hospital, which has two sites, Giessen and Marburg (the latter of which is the teaching hospital of the University of Marburg), is the only private university hospital in Germany.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its shape?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Richard Altmann

Context: who was he?

Context: when was he born?

Context: where did finish his studies?

Context: University of Giessen

Context: where is this university located?

Context: Giessen, Hesse, Germany

Question: when was it founded?

Answer: 1607

University of Giessen [SEP] History

The University of Giessen is among the oldest institutions of higher educations in the German-speaking world. It was founded in 1607 as a Lutheran university in the city of Giessen in Hesse-Darmstadt because the all-Hessian "Landesuniversität" (the nearby University of Marburg ("Philipps-Universität Marburg") in Marburg, Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel)) had become Reformed (that is, Calvinist). Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, whence the university got its original name "Ludoviciana," founded his own institution of higher education in Giessen, which as a Lutheran institution had the primary function of ensuring the education of pastors and civil servants. Endowed with a charter issued by Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, on 19 May 1607, the university was allowed to proceed with instruction in October 1607.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its shape?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Richard Altmann

Context: who was he?

Context: when was he born?

Context: where did finish his studies?

Context: University of Giessen

Context: where is this university located?

Context: Giessen, Hesse, Germany

Context: when was it founded?

Question: was there an legend about it?

Answer: It was founded asLutheran university because the all-Hessian "Landesuniversität"  in Marburg ad become Reformed , Hesse-Kassel whence the university got its original name "Ludoviciana," founded his own institution of higher education in Giessen, which as a Lutheran institution had the primary function of ensuring the education of pastors and civil servants.

Explanation: he University of Giessen is among the oldest institutions of higher educations in the German-speaking world. It was founded in 1607 as a Lutheran university in the city of Giessen in Hesse-Darmstadt because the all-Hessian "Landesuniversität" (the nearby University of Marburg ("Philipps-Universität Marburg") in Marburg, Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel)) had become Reformed (that is, Calvinist). Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt, whence the university got its original name "Ludoviciana," founded his own institution of higher education in Giessen, which as a Lutheran institution had the primary function of ensuring the education of pastors and civil servants.

University of Giessen [SEP] History


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its shape?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered it?

Context: Richard Altmann

Context: who was he?

Context: when was he born?

Context: where did finish his studies?

Context: University of Giessen

Context: where is this university located?

Context: Giessen, Hesse, Germany

Context: when was it founded?

Context: was there an legend about it?

Context: It was founded asLutheran university because the all-Hessian "Landesuniversität"  in Marburg ad become Reformed , Hesse-Kassel whence the university got its original name "Ludoviciana," founded his own institution of higher education in Giessen, which as a Lutheran institution had the primary function of ensuring the education of pastors and civil servants.

Question: were there any famous students from this university?

Answer: Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Brigitte Zypries,Georg Büchner to name a few

Explanation:
Recent alumni in the area of politics include current President of Germany and former Vice Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs Frank-Walter Steinmeier and Brigitte Zypries, current Federal Minister of Economic Affairs and Energy and former Federal Minister of Justice.

All of the university's most famous alumni were born in Hesse-Darmstadt. They include the German romantic dramatist and revolutionary Georg Büchner, the literary and political historian Georg Gottfried Gervinus and the botanist Johann Jacob Dillenius. Also Ernest Rutherford, the Rutherford's atomic model creator, studied in Giessen. Alumnus William Schlich founded Oxford University's forestry program. Carl A. Schenck, who received his PhD in Forestry from Giessen, founded Biltmore Forest School, the first such school in the United States.

University of Giessen [SEP] Notable faculty and alumni

Next to Liebig, famous professors at the university included the physician Georg Haas (who carried out the world's first human hemodialysis in Giessen in 1924), the theologian Adolf von Harnack, the lawyer Rudolf von Jhering, the economist and statistician Etienne Laspeyres, the physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, the mathematicians Moritz Pasch and Alfred Clebsch, the gestalt psychologist Kurt Koffka, the philologist and archaeologist Friedrich Gottlieb Welcker, the orientalist Eberhard Schrader, and the President of Hebrew University of Jerusalem Benjamin Mazar. Recent alumni in the area of politics include current President of Germany and former Vice Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs Frank-Walter Steinmeier and Brigitte Zypries, current Federal Minister of Economic Affairs and Energy and former Federal Minister of Justice.


Question: who wants to be a millionaire america winner

Answer: Carpenter is best known for becoming the first top-prize winner on the United States version of this show.

John Carpenter (game show contestant) [SEP] Introduction

John Carpenter (born c. 1968) is an American game show contestant and Internal Revenue Service agent. He is the tenth highest-earning American game show contestant of all time. Carpenter is best known for becoming the first top-prize winner on the United States version of "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire". He held the record for the largest single win in United States game show history, until it was broken by Rahim Oberholtzer who won $1.12 million on another U.S. quiz show, "Twenty One". Carpenter was also the first top-prize winner among all international versions of the "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" series.


Context: who wants to be a millionaire america winner

Context: Carpenter is best known for becoming the first top-prize winner on the United States version of this show.

Question: what was his profession?

Answer: He is an American game show contestant and Internal Revenue Service agent.

Explanation: is an American game show contestant and Internal Revenue Service agent.


Context: what was his profession?

Context: He is an American game show contestant and Internal Revenue Service agent.

Question: was he a part of any other game?

Answer: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Explanation: Super Millionaire

John Carpenter (game show contestant) [SEP] Other game show appearances

In 2000, Carpenter appeared in the "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire: Champions Edition", in which previous contestants who won $250,000–$1,000,000 played again, with half of their additional winnings from the "Champions Edition" going to a charity of their choice. Carpenter won $250,000, bringing his total "Millionaire" winnings to $1,250,000. In 2004, Carpenter participated in "Super Millionaire", as one of the "Three Wise Men" on the episode during which Robert "Bob-O" Essig won $1,000,000. He later participated as part of the Mob on NBC's "1 vs. 100" on October 27, 2006, and as a contestant on the Game Show Network game show "Grand Slam".


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Question: what does a revenue agent do?

Answer: Providing tax assistance to taxpayers and pursuing and resolving instances of erroneous or fraudulent tax filings.

Explanation: providing tax assistance to taxpayers and pursuing and resolving instances of erroneous or fraudulent tax filings.

Internal Revenue Service [SEP] Introduction

Though the IRS collects most of the revenue needed to fund the federal government, its budgets have been cut in recent year. In 2016 the American College of Tax Counsel wrote to the Congressional leadership:


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Context: what does a revenue agent do?

Context: Providing tax assistance to taxpayers and pursuing and resolving instances of erroneous or fraudulent tax filings.

Question: who is the commissioner of this revenue service?

Answer: Charles P. Rettig

Explanation: Charles P. Rettig

Internal Revenue Service [SEP] Commissioner

The current IRS commissioner is Charles P. Rettig of California. There have been 48 previous commissioners of Internal Revenue and 28 acting commissioners since the agency's creation in 1862. From May 22, 2013 to December 23, 2013, senior official at the Office of Management and Budget Daniel Werfel was acting Commissioner of Internal Revenue. Werfel, who attended law school at the University of North Carolina and attained a master's degree from Duke University, prepared the government for a potential shutdown in 2011 by determining which services that would remain in existence. No IRS commissioner has served more than five years and one month since Guy Helvering, who served 10 years until 1943.


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Context: what does a revenue agent do?

Context: who is the commissioner of this revenue service?

Context: Charles P. Rettig

Question: name any of its program?

Answer: Volunteer Income Tax Assistance and Tax Counseling for the Elderly

Internal Revenue Service [SEP] Programs

Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) and Tax Counseling for the Elderly (TCE) are volunteer programs that the IRS runs to train volunteers and provide tax assistance and counseling to taxpayers. Volunteers can study e-course material, take tests, and practice using tax-preparation software. Link & Learn Taxes (searchable by keyword on the IRS website), is the free e-learning portion of VITA/TCE program for training volunteers.


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Context: what does a revenue agent do?

Context: Charles P. Rettig

Context: name any of its program?

Context: Volunteer Income Tax Assistance and Tax Counseling for the Elderly

Question: is its proceedings controversial?

Answer: They have been accused of abusive behavior on multiple occasions.

Internal Revenue Service [SEP] Controversies

The IRS has been accused of abusive behavior on multiple occasions. Testimony was given before a Senate subcommittee that focused on cases of overly aggressive IRS collection tactics in considering a need for legislation to give taxpayers greater protection in disputes with the agency. Congress passed the Taxpayer Bill of Rights III on July 22, 1998, which shifted the burden of proof from the taxpayer to the IRS in certain limited situations. The IRS retains the legal authority to enforce liens and seize assets without obtaining judgment in court. In 2002, the IRS accused James and Pamela Moran, as well as several others, of conspiracy, filing false tax returns and mail fraud as part of the Anderson Ark investment scheme.


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Context: what does a revenue agent do?

Context: Charles P. Rettig

Context: name any of its program?

Context: is its proceedings controversial?

Context: They have been accused of abusive behavior on multiple occasions.

Question: who is the above commissioner actually?

Answer: He  is an American attorney, currently serving as the United States Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the head of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.

Charles Rettig [SEP] Introduction

Charles Paul Rettig (born November 18, 1956) is an American attorney, currently serving as the United States Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the head of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS). On September 12, 2018, the United States Senate confirmed Rettig's nomination to be Commissioner for the term expiring November 12, 2022. Rettig was sworn in on October 1, 2018.


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Context: what does a revenue agent do?

Context: Charles P. Rettig

Context: name any of its program?

Context: is its proceedings controversial?

Context: who is the above commissioner actually?

Context: He  is an American attorney, currently serving as the United States Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the head of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.

Question: how is he related to trump?

Answer: He wrote an op-ed in Forbes defending Trump's decision not to release his tax returns.

Charles Rettig [SEP] Relationship to Trump administration

In 2016, prior to being nominated to his post in the IRS by Trump, Rettig wrote an op-ed in Forbes defending Trump's decision not to release his tax returns. The piece also critiqued the work of what Rettig called a "wealth squad" within the IRS that targeted high-income individuals for audits. At his nomination, Rettig received criticism for failing to disclose roughly a million dollars worth of rental income he had made from Trump-branded hotel rental units.


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Context: what does a revenue agent do?

Context: Charles P. Rettig

Context: name any of its program?

Context: is its proceedings controversial?

Context: who is the above commissioner actually?

Context: how is he related to trump?

Context: He wrote an op-ed in Forbes defending Trump's decision not to release his tax returns.

Question: you said he wrote somewhere; what is that?

Answer: It is an American business magazine.

Explanation: is an American business magazine.

Forbes [SEP] Introduction

Forbes () is an American business magazine. Published eight times a year, it features original articles on finance, industry, investing, and marketing topics. "Forbes" also reports on related subjects such as technology, communications, science, politics, and law. Its headquarters is located in Jersey City, New Jersey. Primary competitors in the national business magazine category include "Fortune" and "Bloomberg Businessweek". Forbes has an international edition in Asia as well as editions produced under license in 27 countries and regions worldwide. The magazine is well known for its lists and rankings, including of the richest Americans (the Forbes 400), of the America's Wealthiest Celebrities, of the world's top companies (the Forbes Global 2000), Forbes list of The World's Most Powerful People, and The World's Billionaires.


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Context: what does a revenue agent do?

Context: Charles P. Rettig

Context: name any of its program?

Context: is its proceedings controversial?

Context: who is the above commissioner actually?

Context: how is he related to trump?

Context: you said he wrote somewhere; what is that?

Context: It is an American business magazine.

Question: when was it first published?

Answer: September 15, 1917

Explanation: September 15, 1917

Forbes [SEP] Company history

B. C. Forbes, a financial columnist for the Hearst papers, and his partner Walter Drey, the general manager of the "Magazine of Wall Street", founded "Forbes" magazine on September 15, 1917. Forbes provided the money and the name and Drey provided the publishing expertise. The original name of the magazine was "Forbes: Devoted to Doers and Doings". Drey became vice-president of the B.C. Forbes Publishing Company, while B.C. Forbes became editor-in-chief, a post he held until his death in 1954. B.C. Forbes was assisted in his later years by his two eldest sons, Bruce Charles Forbes (1916–1964) and Malcolm Forbes (1917–1990).


Context: what was his profession?

Context: was he a part of any other game?

Context: Super Millionaire, Grand Slam

Context: what does a revenue agent do?

Context: Charles P. Rettig

Context: name any of its program?

Context: is its proceedings controversial?

Context: who is the above commissioner actually?

Context: how is he related to trump?

Context: It is an American business magazine.

Context: when was it first published?

Context: September 15, 1917

Question: who is its owner?

Answer: Hong Kong-based investment group, Integrated Whale Media Investments.

Forbes [SEP] Introduction

The motto of "Forbes" magazine is "Change the World". Its chair and editor-in-chief is Steve Forbes, and its CEO is Mike Federle. In 2014, it was sold to a Hong Kong-based investment group, Integrated Whale Media Investments.


Question: who is robert sterling yard?

Answer: American writer, journalist, and wilderness activist.

Robert Sterling Yard [SEP] Introduction

Robert Sterling Yard (February 1, 1861 – May 17, 1945) was an American writer, journalist, and wilderness activist. Born in Haverstraw, New York, Yard graduated from Princeton University and spent the first twenty years of his career in the editing and publishing business. In 1915, he was recruited by his friend Stephen Mather to help publicize the need for an independent national park agency. Their numerous publications were part of a movement that resulted in legislative support for a National Park Service (NPS) in 1916. Yard served as head of the National Parks Educational Committee for several years after its conception, but tension within the NPS led him to concentrate on non-government initiatives.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: American writer, journalist, and wilderness activist.

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Haverstraw, New York.

Robert Sterling Yard [SEP] Early life and career

Robert Sterling Yard was born in 1861 in Haverstraw, New York to Robert Boyd and Sarah (Purdue) Yard. After attending the Freehold Institute in New Jersey, he graduated from Princeton University in 1883. Known throughout his life as "Bob", he became a prominent member of Princeton's Alumni Association, and founded the Montclair Princeton Alumni Association. In 1895, he married Mary Belle Moffat; they had one daughter, Margaret. During the 1880s and 1890s, Yard worked as a journalist for the "New York Sun" and the "New York Herald". He served in the publishing business from 1900 to 1915, variously as editor-in-chief of "The Century Magazine" and Sunday editor of the "New York Herald".


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Question: was he married?

Answer: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Explanation: In 1895, he married Mary Belle Moffat; they had one daughter, Margaret.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Question: did he have kids?

Answer: Yes, Margaret.

After serving as editor of Charles Scribner's Sons' the "Book Buyer", Yard helped launch the publishing firm of Moffat, Yard and Company. He served as vice president and editor-in-chief of the firm.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Question: what was his profession?

Answer: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Explanation: During the 1880s and 1890s, Yard worked as a journalist for the "New York Sun" and the "New York Herald". He served in the publishing business from 1900 to 1915, variously as editor-in-chief of "The Century Magazine" and Sunday editor of the "New York Herald".


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Question: for which newspaper or magazine?

Answer: New York Sun, New York Herald, and The Century Magazine.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: New York Sun, New York Herald, and The Century Magazine.

Question: when did he die?

Answer: May 17, 1945.

Robert Sterling Yard [SEP] Death and legacy

While ill from pneumonia at the end of his life, he ran the society's affairs from his bed. He died on May 17, 1945, at the age of 84. The National Park Service and what is now called the National Parks Conservation Association remain successful organizations. The National Park System of the United States protects more than 400 sites covering an area exceeding in all 50 states, Washington, D.C., American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, Saipan, and the Virgin Islands. His work to preserve wilderness in the United States has also endured. After his death, three members of The Wilderness Society took on his various duties; Benton MacKaye officially replaced him as president, but executive secretary Howard Zahniser and director Olaus Murie ran the society for the next two decades.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Question: do you know where?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: you mentioned a magazine just now, what was its name again?

Answer: The Century Magazine

Explanation: The Century Magazine


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: you mentioned a magazine just now, what was its name again?

Context: The Century Magazine

Question: can you name some topics that it covers?

Answer: American Revolution, life of George Washington, etc.

Explanation:
The Century" continued to publish the writings of some of the most famous historians of the era along with first-person accounts of those who had worked in the highest levels of government.
Justin Harvey Smith published four articles on the American Revolution in "The Century" in 1902 and 1903. The next year, S. Weir Mitchell contributed a series on the life of George Washington as a young man

The Century Magazine [SEP] Other histories and recollections

Andrew D. White contributed a series titled "Chapters from My Diplomatic Life" on his experiences serving in Germany and Russia. In September 1901, Woodrow Wilson wrote "Edmund Burke and the French Revolution" while still a professor at Princeton. In 1907 future President William Howard Taft wrote about the Panama Canal while serving as Secretary of War. Over the years, "The Century" also published first person accounts of individuals who had worked for various presidents. Col. William H. Cook, a bodyguard who served for over 50 years in the White House, shared his memories of the administrations of Andrew Johnson and Rutherford B.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Century Magazine

Context: can you name some topics that it covers?

Context: American Revolution, life of George Washington, etc.

Question: was this person you just mentioned a president?

Answer: Yes, first US president.

George Washington [SEP] Introduction

George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American political leader, military general, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Previously, he led Patriot forces to victory in the nation's War for Independence. He presided at the Constitutional Convention of 1787, which established the U.S. Constitution and a federal government. Washington has been called the "Father of His Country" for his manifold leadership in the formative days of the new nation. Washington received his initial military training and command with the Virginia Regiment during the French and Indian War.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Century Magazine

Context: was this person you just mentioned a president?

Context: Yes, first US president.

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Popes Creek in Westmoreland County, Virginia.

George Washington [SEP] Early life (1732–1752)

The Washington family was a wealthy Virginia family which had made its fortune in land speculation. Washington's great-grandfather John Washington immigrated in 1656 from Sulgrave, England, to the English colony of Virginia where he accumulated of land, including Little Hunting Creek on the Potomac River. George Washington was born on February 22, 1732, at Popes Creek in Westmoreland County, Virginia, and was the first of six children of Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. His father was a justice of the peace and a prominent public figure who had three additional children from his first marriage to Jane Butler. The family moved to Little Hunting Creek in 1735, then to Ferry Farm near Fredericksburg, Virginia, in 1738.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Century Magazine

Context: Yes, first US president.

Context: where was he born?

Context: Popes Creek in Westmoreland County, Virginia.

Question: what was his religion?

Answer: Christianity (Anglican).

George Washington [SEP] Religion and Freemasonry

Washington was descended from Anglican minister Lawrence Washington (his great-great-grandfather), whose troubles with the Church of England may have prompted his heirs to emigrate to America. Washington was baptized as an infant in April 1732 and became a devoted member of the Church of England (the Anglican Church). He served more than 20 years as a vestryman and churchwarden for Fairfax Parish and Truro Parish, Virginia. He privately prayed and read the Bible daily, and he publicly encouraged people and the nation to pray. He may have taken communion on a regular basis prior to the Revolutionary War, but he did not do so following the war, for which he was admonished by Pastor James Abercrombie.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Century Magazine

Context: Yes, first US president.

Context: where was he born?

Context: what was his religion?

Context: Christianity (Anglican).

Question: is there any education institute named after him?

Answer: Yes, George Washington University and Washington University in St. Louis.

Explanation: Numerous universities, including George Washington University and Washington University in St. Louis, were named in honor of Washington.

George Washington [SEP] Universities


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Century Magazine

Context: Yes, first US president.

Context: where was he born?

Context: what was his religion?

Context: Christianity (Anglican).

Context: is there any education institute named after him?

Context: Yes, George Washington University and Washington University in St. Louis.

Question: what his stance on slavery?

Answer: Referred to his slaves as "a Species of Property" but attitude slowly changed since 1760s.

George Washington [SEP] Slavery

In Washington's lifetime, slavery was deeply ingrained in the economic and social fabric of Virginia. Washington owned and worked African slaves his entire adult life. He acquired them through inheritance, gained control of eighty-four dower slaves on his marriage to Martha and purchased at least seventy-one slaves between 1752 and 1773. His early views on slavery were no different from any Virginia planter of the time. He demonstrated no moral qualms about the institution and referred to his slaves as "a Species of Property". From the 1760s his attitudes underwent a slow evolution. The first doubts were prompted by his transition from tobacco to grain crops which left him with a costly surplus of slaves, causing him to question the economic efficiency of the system.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Century Magazine

Context: Yes, first US president.

Context: where was he born?

Context: what was his religion?

Context: Christianity (Anglican).

Context: what his stance on slavery?

Context: Referred to his slaves as "a Species of Property" but attitude slowly changed since 1760s.

Question: is it true that his face is on monetary notes?

Answer: Yes, one-dollar bill and the quarter-dollar coin.

George Washington [SEP] Currency and postage

George Washington appears on contemporary U.S. currency, including the one-dollar bill and the quarter-dollar coin (the Washington quarter). Washington and Benjamin Franklin appeared on the in 1847. Washington has since appeared on many postage issues, more than any other person.


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Century Magazine

Context: Yes, first US president.

Context: where was he born?

Context: what was his religion?

Context: Christianity (Anglican).

Context: what his stance on slavery?

Context: is it true that his face is on monetary notes?

Context: Yes, one-dollar bill and the quarter-dollar coin.

Question: and on post stamps also?

Answer: Yes

Explanation: Washington has since appeared on many postage issues, more than any other


Context: who is robert sterling yard?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Haverstraw, New York.

Context: was he married?

Context: Yes, married Mary Belle Moffat.

Context: did he have kids?

Context: Yes, Margaret.

Context: what was his profession?

Context: Journalist and editor-in-chief.

Context: for which newspaper or magazine?

Context: when did he die?

Context: May 17, 1945.

Context: do you know where?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Century Magazine

Context: Yes, first US president.

Context: where was he born?

Context: what was his religion?

Context: Christianity (Anglican).

Context: what his stance on slavery?

Context: and on post stamps also?

Context: Yes

Question: do you know any memorial dedicated to him?

Answer: Yes, Life and Writings of George Washington.

George Washington [SEP] Memorials

Jared Sparks began collecting and publishing Washington's documentary record in the 1830s in "Life and Writings of George Washington" (12 vols., 1834–1837). "The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources, 1745–1799" (1931–1944) is a 39-volume set edited by John Clement Fitzpatrick, who was commissioned by the George Washington Bicentennial Commission. It contains more than 17,000 letters and documents and is available online from the University of Virginia.


Question: what was u2 song sunday bloody sunday about

Answer: Its lyrics describe the horror felt by an observer of the Troubles in Northern Ireland, mainly focusing on the 1972 Bloody Sunday incident in Derry where British troops shot and killed unarmed civil rights protesters.

Sunday Bloody Sunday [SEP] Introduction

"Sunday Bloody Sunday" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It is the opening track from their 1983 album "War" and was released as the album's third single on 21 March 1983 in the Netherlands and West Germany. "Sunday Bloody Sunday" is noted for its militaristic drumbeat, harsh guitar, and melodic harmonies. One of U2's most overtly political songs, its lyrics describe the horror felt by an observer of the Troubles in Northern Ireland, mainly focusing on the 1972 Bloody Sunday incident in Derry where British troops shot and killed unarmed civil rights protesters. Along with "New Year's Day," the song helped U2 reach a wider listening audience.


Context: what was u2 song sunday bloody sunday about

Context: Its lyrics describe the horror felt by an observer of the Troubles in Northern Ireland, mainly focusing on the 1972 Bloody Sunday incident in Derry where British troops shot and killed unarmed civil rights protesters.

Question: who wrote the song?

Answer: "Sunday Bloody Sunday" grew from a guitar riff and lyric written by the Edge

Sunday Bloody Sunday [SEP] Writing and recording

"Sunday Bloody Sunday" grew from a guitar riff and lyric written by the Edge in 1982. While newlyweds Bono and Ali Hewson honeymooned in Jamaica, the Edge worked in Ireland on music for the band's upcoming album. Following an argument with his girlfriend, and a period of doubt in his own song-writing abilities, the Edge—"feeling depressed... channelled [his] fear and frustration and self-loathing into a piece of music." This early draft did not yet have a title or chorus melody, but did contain a structural outline and theme. After Bono had reworked the lyrics, the band recorded the song at Windmill Lane Studios in Dublin.


Context: who wrote the song?

Context: "Sunday Bloody Sunday" grew from a guitar riff and lyric written by the Edge

Question: when was the band formed?

Answer: 1976

U2 [SEP] Introduction

U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin, formed in 1976. The group consists of Bono (lead vocals and rhythm guitar), the Edge (lead guitar, keyboards, and backing vocals), Adam Clayton (bass guitar), and Larry Mullen Jr. (drums and percussion). Initially rooted in post-punk, U2's musical style has evolved throughout their career, yet has maintained an anthemic quality built on Bono's expressive vocals and the Edge's effects-based guitar textures. Their lyrics, often embellished with spiritual imagery, focus on personal and sociopolitical themes. Popular for their live performances, the group have staged several ambitious and elaborate tours over their career. The band formed as teenagers while attending Mount Temple Comprehensive School, when they had limited musical proficiency.


Context: who wrote the song?

Context: when was the band formed?

Question: what album did they have that refers to conflict?

Answer: "War"

U2 [SEP] "War" (1982–1983)

After the October Tour, U2 decamped to a rented cottage in Howth, where they lived, wrote new songs, and rehearsed for their third album, "War". Significant musical breakthroughs were achieved by the Edge in August 1982 during a two-week period of independent songwriting, while the other band members vacationed and Bono honeymooned with his wife Ali. From September to November, the group recorded "War" at Windmill Lane Studios. Lillywhite, who had a policy of not working with an artist more than twice, was convinced by the group to return as their producer for a third time. The recording sessions featured contributions from violinist Steve Wickham and the female singers of Kid Creole and the Coconuts.


Context: who wrote the song?

Context: when was the band formed?

Context: what album did they have that refers to conflict?

Context: "War"

Question: what was a famous single from this album?

Answer: "Sunday Bloody Sunday" and "New Year's Day"

War (U2 album) [SEP] Introduction

War is the third studio album by Irish rock band U2. It was produced by Steve Lillywhite, and was released on 28 February 1983 on Island Records. The album is regarded as U2's first overtly political album, in part because of songs like "Sunday Bloody Sunday" and "New Year's Day", as well as the title, which stems from the band's perception of the world at the time; lead vocalist Bono stated that "war seemed to be the motif for 1982." U2 recorded the album from September–November 1982 at Windmill Lane Studios with Lillywhite producing, the group's third consecutive album made at the studio with the producer.


Context: who wrote the song?

Context: when was the band formed?

Context: "War"

Context: what was a famous single from this album?

Context: "Sunday Bloody Sunday" and "New Year's Day"

Question: when was the latter mentioned song released?

Answer: January 1983

New Year's Day (U2 song) [SEP] Introduction

"New Year's Day" is a song by Irish rock band U2. It is the third track on their 1983 album "War" and was released as the album's lead single in January 1983. With lyrics written about the Polish Solidarity movement, "New Year's Day" is driven by Adam Clayton's distinctive bassline and the Edge's piano and guitar playing. It was the band's first UK hit single, peaking at number 10, and was also their first international hit, reaching for number 9 in Norway, number 11 on the Dutch Top 40, number 17 in Sweden, and number 53 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in the United States.


Context: who wrote the song?

Context: when was the band formed?

Context: "War"

Context: when was the latter mentioned song released?

Context: January 1983

Question: what were the bands that influenced them?

Answer: Who, the Clash, Television, Ramones, the Beatles

U2 [SEP] Influences

The band cites the Who, the Clash, Television, Ramones, the Beatles, Joy Division, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Elvis Presley, Patti Smith, and Kraftwerk as influences. In addition, Van Morrison has been cited by Bono as an influence, and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame mentioned his influence on U2. U2 have also worked with and/or had influential relationships with artists including Johnny Cash, Green Day, Leonard Cohen, Bruce Springsteen, B.B. King, Lou Reed, Bob Dylan, and Luciano Pavarotti. Bono said that David Bowie helped him discover the works of Bertolt Brecht, William Burroughs, Springsteen, and Brian Eno.


Context: who wrote the song?

Context: when was the band formed?

Context: "War"

Context: January 1983

Context: what were the bands that influenced them?

Context: Who, the Clash, Television, Ramones, the Beatles

Question: where is the last mentioned band from?

Answer: Liverpool

The Beatles [SEP] Introduction

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. The group, whose best-known line-up comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, are regarded as the most influential band of all time. They were integral to the development of 1960s counterculture and popular music's recognition as an art form. Rooted in skiffle, beat and 1950s rock and roll, their sound incorporated elements of classical music and traditional pop in innovative ways; the band later explored music styles ranging from ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock. As pioneers in recording, songwriting and artistic presentation, the Beatles revolutionised many aspects of the music industry and were often publicised as leaders of the era's youth and sociocultural movements.


Context: who wrote the song?

Context: when was the band formed?

Context: "War"

Context: January 1983

Context: where is the last mentioned band from?

Context: Liverpool

Question: who is the lead singer of the band?

Answer: John Lennon and Paul McCartney

Explanation: John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, are regarded as the most influential band of all time

The Beatles [SEP] Introduction


Context: who wrote the song?

Context: when was the band formed?

Context: "War"

Context: January 1983

Context: where is the last mentioned band from?

Context: Liverpool

Context: who is the lead singer of the band?

Context: John Lennon and Paul McCartney

Question: did they tour america ?

Answer: Yes

The Beatles [SEP] 1964 world tour, meeting Bob Dylan, and stand on civil rights

Touring internationally in June and July, the Beatles staged 37 shows over 27 days in Denmark, the Netherlands, Hong Kong, Australia and New Zealand. In August and September they returned to the US, with a 30-concert tour of 23 cities. Generating intense interest once again, the month-long tour attracted between 10,000 and 20,000 fans to each 30-minute performance in cities from San Francisco to New York. In August, journalist Al Aronowitz arranged for the Beatles to meet Bob Dylan. Visiting the band in their New York hotel suite, Dylan introduced them to cannabis. Gould points out the musical and cultural significance of this meeting, before which the musicians' respective fanbases were "perceived as inhabiting two separate subcultural worlds": Dylan's audience of "college kids with artistic or intellectual leanings, a dawning political and social idealism, and a mildly bohemian style" contrasted with their fans, "veritable 'teenyboppers' – kids in high school or grade school whose lives were totally wrapped up in the commercialised popular culture of television, radio, pop records, fan magazines, and teen fashion.


Question: when did jurassic park come out on netflix

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Jurassic Park (film) [SEP] Introduction

Jurassic Park is a 1993 American science fiction action film directed by Steven Spielberg and produced by Kathleen Kennedy and Gerald R. Molen. It is the first installment in the "Jurassic Park" franchise, and is based on the 1990 novel of the same name by Michael Crichton and a screenplay written by Crichton and David Koepp. The film is set on the fictional island of Isla Nublar, located off Central America's Pacific Coast near Costa Rica. There, wealthy businessman John Hammond and a team of genetic scientists have created a wildlife park of de-extinct dinosaurs. When industrial sabotage leads to a catastrophic shutdown of the park's power facilities and security precautions, a small group of visitors and Hammond's grandchildren struggle to survive and escape the perilous island.


Context: when did jurassic park come out on netflix

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who directed the above mentioned film?

Answer: Steven Spielberg

Explanation: urassic Park is a 1993 American science fiction action film directed by Steven Spielberg and produced by Kathleen Kennedy and Gerald R. Molen. It is t

Jurassic Park (film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Question: name a few of the actors in the film.

Answer: Sam Neill, Cameron Thor  and Ariana Richards to name a few

Explanation:
William Hurt was initially offered the role of Alan Grant, but turned it down without reading the script. Harrison Ford was also offered the role of Grant, before Sam Neill was ultimately cast three or four weeks before filming began. Neill said "it all happened real quick. I hadn't read the book, knew nothing about it, hadn't heard anything about it, and in a matter of weeks I'm working with Spielberg." Janet Hirshenson, the film's casting director, felt Jeff Goldblum would be the right choice to play Ian Malcolm after reading the novel. Jim Carrey also auditioned for the role. According to Hirshenson, Carrey "was terrific, too, but I think pretty quickly we all loved the idea of Jeff."

Cameron Thor had previously worked with Spielberg on "Hook", and initially auditioned for the role of Malcolm, before trying out for the role of Dodgson. In the film, Dodgson gives Nedry a container disguised as a can of shaving cream that is used to transport the embryos. Thor said about his casting,

Jurassic Park (film) [SEP] Casting


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: Sam Neill, Cameron Thor  and Ariana Richards to name a few

Question: what is the meaning of the film title?

Answer: It based on  the 1990 novel of the same name

Explanation: Jurassic Park is a 1993 American science fiction action film directed by Steven Spielberg and produced by Kathleen Kennedy and Gerald R. Molen. It is the first installment in the "Jurassic Park" franchise, and is based on the 1990 novel of the same name by Michael Crichton and a screenplay written by Crichton and David Koepp. The film is set on the fictional island of Isla Nublar, located off Central America's Pacific Coast near Costa Rica. There, wealthy businessman John Hammond and a team of genetic scientists have created a wildlife park of de-extinct dinosaurs. When industrial sabotage leads to a catastrophic shutdown of the park's power facilities and security precautions, a small group of visitors and Hammond's grandchildren struggle to survive and escape the perilous islan

Jurassic Park (film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: It based on  the 1990 novel of the same name

Question: when was the above mentioned film's theatre release?

Answer: In 1993

Explanation: Jurassic Park is a 1993 American science fiction action film directed by Steven Spielberg and produced by Kathleen Kennedy and Gerald R. Molen. It is the first installment in the "Jurassic Park" franchise, and is based on the 1990 n

Jurassic Park (film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: when was the above mentioned film's theatre release?

Context: In 1993

Question: when was the above mentioned director of the film born?

Answer: December 18, 1946

Explanation: December 18, 1946) is an

Steven Spielberg [SEP] Introduction

Steven Allan Spielberg (; born December 18, 1946) is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter. He is considered one of the founding pioneers of the New Hollywood era and one of the most popular directors and producers in film history. Spielberg started in Hollywood directing television and several minor theatrical releases. He became a household name as the director of "Jaws" (1975), which was critically and commercially successful and is considered the first summer blockbuster. His subsequent releases focused typically on science fiction/adventure films such as "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" (1977), "Raiders of the Lost Ark" (1981) and its later sequels as part of the "Indiana Jones" franchise, "E.T.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: when was the above mentioned director of the film born?

Context: December 18, 1946

Question: what type of film genre does he direct?

Answer: Science fiction/adventure films

Explanation: or of "Jaws" (1975), which was critically and commercially successful and is considered the first summer blockbuster. His subsequent releases focused typically on science fiction/adventure films such as "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" (1977), "Raiders of the Lost Ark" (1981) and its later sequels as part of the "Indiana Jone

Steven Spielberg [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Question: name a few of his films.

Answer: "Empire of the Sun" (1987), "Schindler's List" (1993), "Amistad" (1997), and "Saving Private Ryan"

Steven Spielberg [SEP] Introduction

the Extra-Terrestrial" (1982) and "Jurassic Park" (1993), which became archetypes of modern Hollywood escapist filmmaking. Spielberg transitioned into addressing serious issues in his later work with "The Color Purple" (1985), "Empire of the Sun" (1987), "Schindler's List" (1993), "Amistad" (1997), and "Saving Private Ryan" (1998). He has largely adhered to this practice during the 21st century, with "Munich" (2005), "Lincoln" (2012), "Bridge of Spies" (2015), and "The Post" (2017), although additional films since then include "A.I.: Artificial Intelligence" (2001), "Minority Report" (2002), his 2005 adaptation of "War of the Worlds", and "Ready Player One" (2018). He co-founded Amblin Entertainment and DreamWorks Pictures, where he has also served as a producer or executive producer for several successful film trilogies, tetralogies and more including the "Gremlins", "Back to the Future", "Men in Black", and the "Transformers" series.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: "Empire of the Sun" (1987), "Schindler's List" (1993), "Amistad" (1997), and "Saving Private Ryan"

Question: is spielberg married?

Answer: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Explanation: pielberg subsequently developed a relationship with actress Kate Capshaw, whom he met when he cast her in "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom". They married on October 12, 1991. Capshaw is a convert to Judaism. They currently move among their four homes in Pacific Palisa

Steven Spielberg [SEP] Marriages and children

As a result, they broke up in 1979, but remained close friends. Then in 1984 they renewed their romance, and in November 1985 they married, after the birth of their son, Max Samuel. But after 3 1/2 years of marriage, many of the same competing stresses of their careers caused them to divorce in 1989. They agreed to maintain homes near each other to facilitate the shared custody and parenting of their son. Their divorce was recorded as the third most costly celebrity divorce in history. Spielberg subsequently developed a relationship with actress Kate Capshaw, whom he met when he cast her in "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Question: and did he have any children?

Answer: Yes he has seven children

They married on October 12, 1991. Capshaw is a convert to Judaism. They currently move among their four homes in Pacific Palisades, California; Quelle Farm, Georgica Pond in East Hampton, New York; New York City; and Naples, Florida. There are seven children in the Spielberg-Capshaw family:


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Context: and did he have any children?

Context: Yes he has seven children

Question: in the last above mentioned film, what is the star actor's name?

Answer: Tom Hank

Saving Private Ryan [SEP] Introduction

Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat. Set during the Invasion of Normandy in World War II, the film is known for its graphic portrayal of war and for the intensity of its second scene of 23 minutes, a depiction of the Omaha Beach assault during the Normandy landings. The film follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller (Tom Hanks) and his squad (Tom Sizemore, Edward Burns, Barry Pepper, Giovanni Ribisi, Vin Diesel, Adam Goldberg, and Jeremy Davies) as they search for a paratrooper, Private First Class James Francis Ryan (Matt Damon), the last surviving brother of a family of four, with his three other brothers having been killed in action.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Context: and did he have any children?

Context: Yes he has seven children

Context: in the last above mentioned film, what is the star actor's name?

Context: Tom Hank

Question: was he affected by he current pandemic?

Answer: Yes he and his wife had tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic

Tom Hanks [SEP] COVID-19 diagnosis

On March 12, 2020, Hanks announced that he and his wife had tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic while shooting "Elvis" in Queensland, Australia. They were admitted to the Gold Coast University Hospital for care. Hanks was playing the role of Colonel Tom Parker in the film directed by Baz Luhrmann. Australian health authorities stated that Hanks and Wilson, along with all of the five other coronavirus cases confirmed that day, had "contracted the illness outside Australia and travelled to Queensland with the virus". On March 16, Hanks and his wife were released from the hospital. On March 27, Hanks and his wife returned to Los Angeles following their quarantine.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Context: and did he have any children?

Context: Yes he has seven children

Context: Tom Hank

Context: was he affected by he current pandemic?

Context: Yes he and his wife had tested positive for COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Concord, California

Tom Hanks [SEP] Early life

Thomas Jeffrey Hanks was born in Concord, California, on July 9, 1956, to hospital worker Janet Marylyn ("née" Frager, 1932–2016) and itinerant cook Amos Mefford Hanks (1924–1992). His mother was of Portuguese descent (her family's surname was originally "Fraga"), while his father had English ancestry. His parents divorced in 1960. Their three oldest children, Sandra (later Sandra Hanks Benoiton, a writer), Larry (an entomology professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign), and Tom, went with their father, while the youngest, Jim (who also became an actor and filmmaker), remained with their mother in Red Bluff, California. In his childhood, Hanks's family moved often; by the age of 10, he had lived in 10 different houses.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Context: and did he have any children?

Context: Yes he has seven children

Context: Tom Hank

Context: was he affected by he current pandemic?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Concord, California

Question: does he have and children?

Answer: He has two sons

Tom Hanks [SEP] Personal life

Hanks was married to American actress Samantha Lewes in 1978. They had one son, actor Colin Hanks (born 1977), and one daughter, Elizabeth Hanks (born 1982). Hanks and Samantha Lewes divorced in 1987. In 1981, Hanks met actress Rita Wilson on the set of TV comedy "Bosom Buddies" (1980–1982). They were reunited in 1985 on the set of "Volunteers". Wilson is of Greek and Bulgarian descent, and a member of the Greek Orthodox Church. Before marrying her, Hanks converted to her faith. Hanks and Wilson married in 1988 and have two sons. The oldest, Chester Marlon "Chet" Hanks, had a minor role as a student in "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" and released a rap song in 2011.


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Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Context: and did he have any children?

Context: Yes he has seven children

Context: Tom Hank

Context: was he affected by he current pandemic?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Concord, California

Context: does he have and children?

Context: He has two sons

Question: has he won or nominated for any awards?

Answer: He has received six Academy Award nominations including two consecutive wins for Best Actor for "Philadelphia", and "Forrest Gump" in 1993, and 1994 respectively. Hanks also received a Tony Award nomination for Best Actor in a Play for his performance in Nora Ephron's play "Lucky Guy" in 2013.

Tom Hanks [SEP] Awards and honors

Over Hanks's illustrious career as an actor and producer, he has received many award nominations. Hanks has received six Academy Award nominations including two consecutive wins for Best Actor for "Philadelphia", and "Forrest Gump" in 1993, and 1994 respectively. Hanks also received a Tony Award nomination for Best Actor in a Play for his performance in Nora Ephron's play "Lucky Guy" in 2013. Hanks has also received 12 Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his work on television which includes 7 wins for his work as a producer on various limited series and television films including "From the Earth to the Moon" (1998), "Band of Brothers" (2002), "John Adams" (2008), "The Pacific" (2010), "Game Change" (2012), and "Olive Kitteridge" (2015).


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Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Context: and did he have any children?

Context: Yes he has seven children

Context: Tom Hank

Context: was he affected by he current pandemic?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Concord, California

Context: does he have and children?

Context: He has two sons

Context: has he won or nominated for any awards?

Context: He has received six Academy Award nominations including two consecutive wins for Best Actor for "Philadelphia", and "Forrest Gump" in 1993, and 1994 respectively. Hanks also received a Tony Award nomination for Best Actor in a Play for his performance in Nora Ephron's play "Lucky Guy" in 2013.

Question: and did he have any political activities?

Answer: He was outspoken about his opposition to the 2008 Proposition8, an amendment to the California constitution that defined marriage as a union only between a man and a woman. Hanks and others raised over US$44 million to campaign against the proposition, in contrast to the supporters' $39 million, but Proposition8 passed with 52% of the vote. It was overruled in June 2013, when the Ninth Circuit lifted its stay of the district court's ruling, enabling Governor Jerry Brown to order same-sex marriage officiations to resume.

Explanation: Hanks was outspoken about his opposition to the 2008 Proposition8, an amendment to the California constitution that defined marriage as a union only between a man and a woman. Hanks and others raised over US$44 million to campaign against the proposition, in contrast to the supporters' $39 million, but Proposition8 passed with 52% of the vote. It was overruled in June 2013, when the Ninth Circuit lifted its stay of the district court's ruling, enabling Governor Jerry Brown to order same-sex marriage officiations to resume.

Tom Hanks [SEP] Politics and activism

It was overruled in June 2013, when the Ninth Circuit lifted its stay of the district court's ruling, enabling Governor Jerry Brown to order same-sex marriage officiations to resume. While premiering a TV series in January 2009, Hanks called supporters of Proposition8 "un-American" and criticized LDS Church members, who were major proponents of the bill, for their views on marriage and role in supporting the bill. About a week later, he apologized for the remark, saying that nothing is more American than voting one's conscience. A proponent of environmentalism, Hanks is an investor in electric vehicles and owns a Toyota RAV4 EV and the first production AC Propulsion eBox.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Context: and did he have any children?

Context: Yes he has seven children

Context: Tom Hank

Context: was he affected by he current pandemic?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Concord, California

Context: does he have and children?

Context: He has two sons

Context: has he won or nominated for any awards?

Context: and did he have any political activities?

Context: He was outspoken about his opposition to the 2008 Proposition8, an amendment to the California constitution that defined marriage as a union only between a man and a woman. Hanks and others raised over US$44 million to campaign against the proposition, in contrast to the supporters' $39 million, but Proposition8 passed with 52% of the vote. It was overruled in June 2013, when the Ninth Circuit lifted its stay of the district court's ruling, enabling Governor Jerry Brown to order same-sex marriage officiations to resume.

Question: what is the first mentioned award give out for?

Answer: It is the name of an award which is presented by various film, television and theatre organizations, festivals, and people's awards to leading actors in a film, television series, television film or play.

Best Actor [SEP] Introduction

Best Actor is the name of an award which is presented by various film, television and theatre organizations, festivals, and people's awards to leading actors in a film, television series, television film or play. The first Best Actor award was awarded for acting in a film, on May 16, 1929 by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) at the Academy Awards to Emil Jannings for his role of Grand Duke Sergius Alexander in "The Last Command" and August Schilling in "The Way of All Flesh". In theatre, it was first awarded on April 6, 1947 by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at the Tony Awards to José Ferrer for his role of Cyrano de Bergerac in "Cyrano de Bergerac" and to Fredric March for his role of Clinton Jones in "Years Ago".


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Context: who directed the above mentioned film?

Context: Steven Spielberg

Context: name a few of the actors in the film.

Context: what is the meaning of the film title?

Context: In 1993

Context: December 18, 1946

Context: what type of film genre does he direct?

Context: Science fiction/adventure films

Context: name a few of his films.

Context: is spielberg married?

Context: Yes to actress Kate Capshaw

Context: and did he have any children?

Context: Yes he has seven children

Context: Tom Hank

Context: was he affected by he current pandemic?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Concord, California

Context: does he have and children?

Context: He has two sons

Context: has he won or nominated for any awards?

Context: what is the first mentioned award give out for?

Context: It is the name of an award which is presented by various film, television and theatre organizations, festivals, and people's awards to leading actors in a film, television series, television film or play.

Question: and what is it also popularly known as?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Best Actor [SEP] Introduction


Question: which of the following european nations has opposed the adoption of the euro

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Euro [SEP] Introduction

The euro (symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 of the member states of the European Union. This group of states is known as the eurozone or euro area and includes about 343 million citizens . The euro, which is divided into 100 cents, is the second-largest and second-most traded currency in the foreign exchange market after the United States dollar. The currency is also used officially by the institutions of the European Union, by four European microstates that are not EU members, the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, as well as unilaterally by Montenegro and Kosovo.


Context: which of the following european nations has opposed the adoption of the euro

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Question: what is the main identity?

Answer: The euro (symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 of the member states of the European Union.

Explanation: The euro (symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 of the member states of the European Union.

Euro [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the main identity?

Context: The euro (symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 of the member states of the European Union.

Question: when was the said union formed?

Answer: 1999

European Union [SEP] Introduction

Passport controls have been abolished for travel within the Schengen Area. A monetary union was established in 1999, coming into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency. The EU has often been described as a "sui generis" political entity (without precedent or comparison). The EU and European citizenship were established when the Maastricht Treaty came into force in 1993. The EU traces its origins to the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Economic Community (EEC), established, respectively, by the 1951 Treaty of Paris and 1957 Treaty of Rome.


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Context: what is the main identity?

Context: when was the said union formed?

Question: how can a state become a member of this?

Answer: To become a member, a country must meet the Copenhagen criteria, defined at the 1993 meeting of the European Council in Copenhagen. These require a stable democracy that respects human rights and the rule of law; a functioning market economy; and the acceptance of the obligations of membership, including EU law.

Explanation: To become a member, a country must meet the Copenhagen criteria, defined at the 1993 meeting of the European Council in Copenhagen. These require a stable democracy that respects human rights and the rule of law; a functioning market economy; and the acceptance of the obligations of membership, including EU law.

European Union [SEP] Member states

Evaluation of a country's fulfilment of the criteria is the responsibility of the European Council. Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty provides the basis for a member to leave the Union. Two territories have left the Union: Greenland (an autonomous province of Denmark) withdrew in 1985; the United Kingdom formally invoked Article 50 of the Consolidated Treaty on European Union in 2017, and became the only sovereign state to leave when it withdrew from the EU in 2020. There are six countries that are recognised as candidates for membership: Albania, Iceland, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Turkey, though Iceland suspended negotiations in 2013.


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Context: what is the main identity?

Context: when was the said union formed?

Context: how can a state become a member of this?

Context: To become a member, a country must meet the Copenhagen criteria, defined at the 1993 meeting of the European Council in Copenhagen. These require a stable democracy that respects human rights and the rule of law; a functioning market economy; and the acceptance of the obligations of membership, including EU law.

Question: name few games associated with it?

Answer: Association football is by far the most popular sport in the European Union.

Explanation: Association football is by far the most popular sport in the European Union by the number of registered players. The other sports with the most participants in clubs are tennis, basketball, swimming, athletics, golf, gymnastics, equestrian sports, handball, volleyball and sailing.

European Union [SEP] Sport

This followed lobbying by governing organisations such as the International Olympic Committee and FIFA, due to objections over the application of free market principles to sport, which led to an increasing gap between rich and poor clubs. The EU does fund a programme for Israeli, Jordanian, Irish, and British football coaches, as part of the Football 4 Peace project.


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Context: what is the main identity?

Context: when was the said union formed?

Context: name few games associated with it?

Context: Association football is by far the most popular sport in the European Union.

Question: when was this association formed?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

European Union [SEP] Sport

Association football is by far the most popular sport in the European Union by the number of registered players. The other sports with the most participants in clubs are tennis, basketball, swimming, athletics, golf, gymnastics, equestrian sports, handball, volleyball and sailing. Sport is mainly the responsibility of the member states or other international organisations, rather than of the EU. There are some EU policies that have affected sport, such as the free movement of workers, which was at the core of the Bosman ruling that prohibited national football leagues from imposing quotas on foreign players with European citizenship. The Treaty of Lisbon requires any application of economic rules to take into account the specific nature of sport and its structures based on voluntary activity.


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Context: what is the main identity?

Context: when was the said union formed?

Context: name few games associated with it?

Context: when was this association formed?

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Question: mention few national associations ?

Answer: Cameroonian Football Federation, Scottish Football Association

Association football [SEP] Governing bodies

The recognised international governing body of football (and associated games, such as futsal and beach soccer) is FIFA. The FIFA headquarters are located in Zürich, Switzerland. Six regional confederations are associated with FIFA; these are: National associations oversee football within individual countries. These are generally synonymous with sovereign states, (for example: the Cameroonian Football Federation in Cameroon) but also include a smaller number of associations responsible for sub-national entities or autonomous regions (for example the Scottish Football Association in Scotland). 209 national associations are affiliated both with FIFA and with their respective continental confederations. While FIFA is responsible for arranging competitions and most rules related to international competition, the actual Laws of the Game are set by the International Football Association Board, where each of the UK Associations has one vote, while FIFA collectively has four votes.


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Context: what is the main identity?

Context: when was the said union formed?

Context: name few games associated with it?

Context: when was this association formed?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: mention few national associations ?

Context: Cameroonian Football Federation, Scottish Football Association

Question: mention few clubs associated with the second?

Answer: Celtic, Hibernian, St Johnstone and St Mirren

Scottish Football Association [SEP] Club licensing

The Scottish Football Association encourages quality of governance in football clubs through a system of club licence awards. All SFA member clubs are assessed annually in four areas (ground, first team, youth team, and governance) and, if appropriate, awarded a licence at platinum, gold, silver, bronze or entry level. As of July 2019, only Celtic have been awarded a platinum-level licence, while three clubs have been awarded gold-level licences: Hibernian, St Johnstone and St Mirren. All clubs in the Scottish Professional Football League, Highland Football League, and Lowland Football League are required to be licensed at entry level or above.


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Context: when was the said union formed?

Context: name few games associated with it?

Context: when was this association formed?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: mention few national associations ?

Context: mention few clubs associated with the second?

Context: Celtic, Hibernian, St Johnstone and St Mirren

Question: name few chiefs ?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


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Context: when was the said union formed?

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Question: when was the first association formed?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


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Context: when was the said union formed?

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Context: name few chiefs ?

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Context: when was the first association formed?

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Question: who is the president of this association?

Answer: The acting President is Seydou Mbombouo Njoya

Cameroonian Football Federation [SEP] Introduction

The Cameroonian Football Federation () is the governing body of football in Cameroon. It is known as FECAFOOT. The acting President of FECAFOOT is Seydou Mbombouo Njoya elected in December 2018


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Context: when was the said union formed?

Context: name few games associated with it?

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Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the first association formed?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the president of this association?

Context: The acting President is Seydou Mbombouo Njoya

Question: what is this association?

Answer: The Cameroonian Football Federation is the governing body of football in Cameroon.

Explanation: The Cameroonian Football Federation () is the governing body of football in Cameroon.


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Context: when was the first association formed?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this association?

Context: The Cameroonian Football Federation is the governing body of football in Cameroon.

Question: name few movies from this state ?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


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Context: when was the said union formed?

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Question: name few famous food dishes from here?

Answer: A typical dish is based on cocoyams, maize, cassava (manioc), millet, plantains, potatoes, rice, or yams, often pounded into dough-like fufu.

Cameroon [SEP] Cuisine

Cuisine varies by region, but a large, one-course, evening meal is common throughout the country. A typical dish is based on cocoyams, maize, cassava (manioc), millet, plantains, potatoes, rice, or yams, often pounded into dough-like fufu. This is served with a sauce, soup, or stew made from greens, groundnuts, palm oil, or other ingredients. Meat and fish are popular but expensive additions, with chicken often reserved for special occasions. Dishes are often quite hot, spiced with salt, red pepper sauce, and Maggi. Cutlery is common, but food is traditionally manipulated with the right hand. Breakfast consists of leftovers of bread and fruit with coffee or tea.


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Context: name few famous food dishes from here?

Context: A typical dish is based on cocoyams, maize, cassava (manioc), millet, plantains, potatoes, rice, or yams, often pounded into dough-like fufu.

Question: name the dominant faith of this place?

Answer: Christianity

Cameroon [SEP] Religion

Cameroon has a high level of religious freedom and diversity. The predominant faith is Christianity, practised by about two-thirds of the population, while Islam is a significant minority faith, adhered to by about one-fourth. In addition, traditional faiths are practised by many. Muslims are most concentrated in the north, while Christians are concentrated primarily in the southern and western regions, but practitioners of both faiths can be found throughout the country. Large cities have significant populations of both groups. Muslims in Cameroon are divided into Sufis, Salafis, Shias, and non-denominational Muslims. People from the North-West and South-West provinces, which used to be a part of British Cameroons, have the highest proportion of Protestants.


Question: what was a result of the haymarket square riot

Answer: A harsh anti-union clampdown followed the Haymarket incident.

Haymarket affair [SEP] Aftermath and red scare

A harsh anti-union clampdown followed the Haymarket incident. There was a massive outpouring of community and business support for the police and many thousands of dollars were donated to funds for their medical care and to assist their efforts. The entire labor and immigrant community, particularly Germans and Bohemians, came under suspicion. Police raids were carried out on homes and offices of suspected anarchists. Dozens of suspects, many only remotely related to the Haymarket Affair, were arrested. Casting legal requirements such as search warrants aside, Chicago police squads subjected the labor activists of Chicago to an eight-week shakedown, ransacking their meeting halls and places of business.


Context: what was a result of the haymarket square riot

Context: A harsh anti-union clampdown followed the Haymarket incident.

Question: where did it take place?

Answer: Chicago

Haymarket affair [SEP] Introduction

The Haymarket affair (also known as the Haymarket massacre, Haymarket riot, or Haymarket Square riot) was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square in Chicago. It began as a peaceful rally in support of workers striking for an eight-hour work day, the day after police killed one and injured several workers. An unknown person threw a dynamite bomb at the police as they acted to disperse the meeting, and the bomb blast and ensuing gunfire resulted in the deaths of seven police officers and at least four civilians; dozens of others were wounded.


Context: where did it take place?

Context: Chicago

Question: when did it happen?

Answer: May 4, 1886

Explanation: The Haymarket affair (also known as the Haymarket massacre, Haymarket riot, or Haymarket Square riot) was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square in Chicago.

Haymarket affair [SEP] Introduction


Context: where did it take place?

Context: Chicago

Context: when did it happen?

Context: May 4, 1886

Question: who was the accused?

Answer: Balthazar Rau

Explanation: On May 7, police searched the premises of Louis Lingg where they found a number of bombs and bomb-making materials. Lingg's landlord William Seliger was also arrested but cooperated with police and identified Lingg as a bomb maker and was not charged. An associate of Spies, Balthazar Rau, suspected as the bomber, was traced to Omaha and brought back to Chicago

Haymarket affair [SEP] Investigation

Lingg's landlord William Seliger was also arrested but cooperated with police and identified Lingg as a bomb maker and was not charged. An associate of Spies, Balthazar Rau, suspected as the bomber, was traced to Omaha and brought back to Chicago. After interrogation, Rau offered to cooperate with police. He alleged that the defendants had experimented with dynamite bombs and accused them of having published what he said was a code word, "Ruhe" ("peace"), in the "Arbeiter-Zeitung" as a call to arms at Haymarket Square.


Context: where did it take place?

Context: Chicago

Context: when did it happen?

Context: May 4, 1886

Context: who was the accused?

Context: Balthazar Rau

Question: what was the reason for this attack?

Answer: The city became a center for many attempts to organize labor's demands for better working conditions. Employers responded with anti-union measures, and this lead to the riot.

Haymarket affair [SEP] Background

Following the Civil War, particularly following the Long Depression, there was a rapid expansion of industrial production in the United States. Chicago was a major industrial center and tens of thousands of German and Bohemian immigrants were employed at about $1.50 a day. American workers worked on average slightly over 60 hours, during a six-day work week. The city became a center for many attempts to organize labor's demands for better working conditions. Employers responded with anti-union measures, such as firing and blacklisting union members, locking out workers, recruiting strikebreakers; employing spies, thugs, and private security forces and exacerbating ethnic tensions in order to divide the workers.


Context: where did it take place?

Context: Chicago

Context: when did it happen?

Context: May 4, 1886

Context: who was the accused?

Context: Balthazar Rau

Context: what was the reason for this attack?

Context: The city became a center for many attempts to organize labor's demands for better working conditions. Employers responded with anti-union measures, and this lead to the riot.

Question: was there a court proceedings?

Answer: Yes, the trial began on June 21, 1886.

Haymarket affair [SEP] Trial

The trial, "Illinois vs. August Spies et al.", began on June 21, 1886, and went on until August 11. The trial was conducted in an atmosphere of extreme prejudice by both public and media toward the defendants. It was presided over by Judge Joseph Gary. Judge Gary displayed open hostility to the defendants, consistently ruled for the prosecution, and failed to maintain decorum. A motion to try the defendants separately was denied. The defense counsel included Sigmund Zeisler, William Perkins Black, William Foster, and Moses Salomon. Selection of the jury was extraordinarily difficult, lasting three weeks, and nearly one thousand people called.


Context: where did it take place?

Context: Chicago

Context: when did it happen?

Context: May 4, 1886

Context: who was the accused?

Context: Balthazar Rau

Context: what was the reason for this attack?

Context: was there a court proceedings?

Context: Yes, the trial began on June 21, 1886.

Question: what decision was concluded?

Answer: At the last minute, when it was discovered that instructions for manslaughter had not been included in the submitted instructions, the jury was called back, and the instructions were given.

Haymarket affair [SEP] Trial

A metal nut and fragments of the casing taken from the wound also roughly matched bombs made by Lingg. Schaack concluded, on the basis of interviews, that the anarchists had been experimenting for years with dynamite and other explosives, refining the design of their bombs before coming up with the effective one used at the Haymarket. At the last minute, when it was discovered that instructions for manslaughter had not been included in the submitted instructions, the jury was called back, and the instructions were given.


Context: where did it take place?

Context: Chicago

Context: when did it happen?

Context: May 4, 1886

Context: who was the accused?

Context: Balthazar Rau

Context: what was the reason for this attack?

Context: was there a court proceedings?

Context: Yes, the trial began on June 21, 1886.

Context: what decision was concluded?

Context: At the last minute, when it was discovered that instructions for manslaughter had not been included in the submitted instructions, the jury was called back, and the instructions were given.

Question: what sentence was given to the accused?

Answer: Four defendants—Engel, Fischer, Parsons, and Spies were hanged.

Haymarket affair [SEP] Executions

The next day (November 11, 1887) four defendants—Engel, Fischer, Parsons, and Spies—were taken to the gallows in white robes and hoods. They sang the "Marseillaise", then the anthem of the international revolutionary movement. Family members including Lucy Parsons, who attempted to see them for the last time, were arrested and searched for bombs (none was found). According to witnesses, in the moments before the men were hanged, Spies shouted, "The time will come when our silence will be more powerful than the voices you strangle today." In their last words, Engel and Fischer called out, "Hurrah for anarchism!" Parsons then requested to speak, but he was cut off when the signal was given to open the trap door.


Context: where did it take place?

Context: Chicago

Context: when did it happen?

Context: May 4, 1886

Context: who was the accused?

Context: Balthazar Rau

Context: what was the reason for this attack?

Context: was there a court proceedings?

Context: Yes, the trial began on June 21, 1886.

Context: what decision was concluded?

Context: what sentence was given to the accused?

Context: Four defendants—Engel, Fischer, Parsons, and Spies were hanged.

Question: what was done as a remembrance for the victims?

Answer: In 1893, the "Haymarket Martyrs' Monument" by sculptor Albert Weinert was raised at Waldheim.

Haymarket affair [SEP] Burial and monument

Lingg, Spies, Fischer, Engel, and Parsons were buried at the German Waldheim Cemetery (later merged with Forest Home Cemetery) in Forest Park, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. Schwab and Neebe were also buried at Waldheim when they died, reuniting the "Martyrs". In 1893, the "Haymarket Martyrs' Monument" by sculptor Albert Weinert was raised at Waldheim. Over a century later, it was designated a National Historic Landmark by the United States Department of the Interior. Throughout the 20th century, activists such as Emma Goldman chose to be buried near the "Haymarket Martyrs' Monument" graves. In October 2016, a time capsule with materials relating to the Haymarket Affair was dug up in Forest Home Cemetery.