Context: In the South Central Region

Context: how is the climate there ?

Context: does this region face any storms ?

Context: name any airports located there ?

Context: when was the first airport built ?

Context: what other facilities it provides ?

Context: where is it located ?

Context: Texan English, Creole language

Context: name any major cities ?

Context: what kind of sports are played here ?

Context: American football, NBA (basketball), hockey etc.

Question: can you describe the third  city you mentioned above ?

Answer: The Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex is a conurbated metropolitan statistical area in the U.S. state of Texas encompassing 11 counties.

Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex [SEP] Introduction

The Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, officially designated Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, is a conurbated metropolitan statistical area in the U.S. state of Texas encompassing 11 counties. It is the economic and cultural hub of North Texas. Residents of the area also refer to it as DFW (airport code), or the Metroplex. The Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metropolitan statistical area's population was 7,573,136 according to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2019 population estimates, making it the most populous metropolitan area in both Texas and the Southern United States, the fourth-largest in the U.S., and the tenth-largest in the Americas.


Context: where is texas located in the united states

Context: In the South Central Region

Context: how is the climate there ?

Context: Its location at the intersection of multiple climate zones gives the state highly variable weather - the Panhandle of the state has colder winters than North Texas, while the Gulf Coast has mild winters.

Context: does this region face any storms ?

Context: Yes, thunderstorms strike often, especially the eastern and northern portions of the state.

Context: name any airports located there ?

Context: Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport, Houston's George Bush Intercontinental Airport

Context: when was the first airport built ?

Context: what other facilities it provides ?

Context: The DFW Airport Department of Public Safety provides the airport with its own police, fire protection, and emergency medical services.

Context: where is it located ?

Context: Halfway between the major cities of Dallas and Fort Worth

Context: what languages are spoken in the above mentioned state ?

Context: Texan English, Creole language

Context: name any major cities ?

Context: Houston, San Antonio, Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston, to name a few.

Context: what kind of sports are played here ?

Context: can you describe the third  city you mentioned above ?

Context: The Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex is a conurbated metropolitan statistical area in the U.S. state of Texas encompassing 11 counties.

Question: name any tv stations located there ?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: In the South Central Region

Context: how is the climate there ?

Context: does this region face any storms ?

Context: name any airports located there ?

Context: when was the first airport built ?

Context: what other facilities it provides ?

Context: where is it located ?

Context: Texan English, Creole language

Context: name any major cities ?

Context: what kind of sports are played here ?

Context: name any tv stations located there ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how is the climate of this city ?

Answer: Humid subtropical climate

Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex [SEP] Climate

Dallas–Fort Worth has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa). It is also continental, characterized by a relatively wide annual temperature range for the latitude. The Metroplex is located at the lower end of Tornado Alley, and can experience extreme weather. The Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex features very hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters.


Context: In the South Central Region

Context: how is the climate there ?

Context: does this region face any storms ?

Context: name any airports located there ?

Context: when was the first airport built ?

Context: what other facilities it provides ?

Context: where is it located ?

Context: Texan English, Creole language

Context: name any major cities ?

Context: what kind of sports are played here ?

Context: name any tv stations located there ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the climate of this city ?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Question: how many reside in this city ?

Answer: Estimated 7,994,963 residents, as of 2018

Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex [SEP] Demographics

At the 2010 census, the DFW CSA had a population of 6,817,483 (though a July 1, 2015 estimate placed the population at 7,504,362). In 2018 it had an estimated 7,994,963 residents. The American Community Survey determined 18% of the population was foreign-born. The median household income was $67,589 and the per capita income was $34,455. An estimated 11.5% lived below the poverty line. The median age of the DFW CSA was 35.3.


Context: In the South Central Region

Context: how is the climate there ?

Context: does this region face any storms ?

Context: name any airports located there ?

Context: when was the first airport built ?

Context: what other facilities it provides ?

Context: where is it located ?

Context: Texan English, Creole language

Context: name any major cities ?

Context: what kind of sports are played here ?

Context: name any tv stations located there ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the climate of this city ?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: how many reside in this city ?

Context: Estimated 7,994,963 residents, as of 2018

Question: any public transmits located here ?

Answer: Yes, bus service and light rail

Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex [SEP] Public transit

Public transit options continue to expand significantly throughout the Metroplex. However, it is limited in several outlying and rural suburbs. Dallas County and portions of Collin and Rockwall counties have bus service and light rail operated by Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART), covering thirteen member cities. DART's rail network currently sprawls for 93 miles throughout the area. The Red Line extends north to Plano and southwest to Westmoreland Road. The Blue Line reaches from Rowlett in the northeast to the University of North Texas at Dallas campus near I-20 in the south. The 28-mile Green Line, which opened in December 2010, connects Carrollton in the northwest through Downtown Dallas to Pleasant Grove in the southeast.


Context: In the South Central Region

Context: how is the climate there ?

Context: does this region face any storms ?

Context: name any airports located there ?

Context: when was the first airport built ?

Context: what other facilities it provides ?

Context: where is it located ?

Context: Texan English, Creole language

Context: name any major cities ?

Context: what kind of sports are played here ?

Context: name any tv stations located there ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the climate of this city ?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: how many reside in this city ?

Context: any public transmits located here ?

Context: Yes, bus service and light rail

Question: name some of the communities ?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: In the South Central Region

Context: how is the climate there ?

Context: does this region face any storms ?

Context: name any airports located there ?

Context: when was the first airport built ?

Context: what other facilities it provides ?

Context: where is it located ?

Context: Texan English, Creole language

Context: name any major cities ?

Context: what kind of sports are played here ?

Context: name any tv stations located there ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is the climate of this city ?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: how many reside in this city ?

Context: any public transmits located here ?

Context: Yes, bus service and light rail

Context: name some of the communities ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what kind of wildlife is found in the above mentioned state ?

Answer: It is the home to 65 species of mammals, 213 species of reptiles and amphibians, and the greatest diversity of bird life in the United States—590 native species in all.

Texas [SEP] Wildlife

A wide range of animals and insects live in Texas. It is the home to 65 species of mammals, 213 species of reptiles and amphibians, and the greatest diversity of bird life in the United States—590 native species in all. At least 12 species have been introduced and now reproduce freely in Texas. Texas plays host to several species of wasps, including an abundance of "Polistes exclamans", and is an important ground for the study of "Polistes annularis". During the spring Texas wildflowers such as the state flower, the bluebonnet, line highways throughout Texas. During the Johnson Administration the first lady, Lady Bird Johnson, worked to draw attention to Texas wildflowers.


Question: what is calgary flames?

Answer: A professional ice hockey team.

Explanation: a professional ice hockey team

Calgary Flames [SEP] Introduction

The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary. The Flames compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference. The club is the third major professional ice hockey team to represent the city of Calgary, following the Calgary Tigers (1921–1927) and Calgary Cowboys (1975–1977). The Flames are one of two NHL franchises in Alberta; the other is the Edmonton Oilers. The cities' proximity has led to a rivalry known as the "Battle of Alberta". The team was founded in 1972 in Atlanta as the Atlanta Flames until relocating to Calgary in 1980.


Context:
what is calgary flames?
A professional ice hockey team.

Question: is it a national team?

Answer: Yes, they compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference

Explanation: The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary. The Flames compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is calgary flames?

Context: A professional ice hockey team.

Context: is it a national team?

Context: Yes, they compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference

Question: how does its logo look like?

Answer: The Flames primary logo is the "Flaming C" design but it was retired in 2007 with the introduction of the new Rbk Edge jerseys.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Logos

The Flames primary logo is the "Flaming C" design, introduced when the team came to Calgary in 1980, and was designed by a Calgarian graphic designer named Patricia Redditt. The design of the logo has remained constant since it was created, though the Flames use a different coloured logo for the home and away jerseys. From 1980 until 2000, the home logo was red on a white background, while the road logo was white on a red background; black accents were later added in 1994. In 2003, the NHL switched to using coloured jerseys for the home team. The home logo became black, with the road logo red on a white background.


Context: what is calgary flames?

Context: A professional ice hockey team.

Context: is it a national team?

Context: how does its logo look like?

Context: The Flames primary logo is the "Flaming C" design but it was retired in 2007 with the introduction of the new Rbk Edge jerseys.

Question: when was it founded?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Calgary Flames [SEP] Logos


Context: what is calgary flames?

Context: A professional ice hockey team.

Context: is it a national team?

Context: how does its logo look like?

Context: when was it founded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the mascot of the team?

Answer: Harvey the Hound is the Flames' mascot.

Explanation: Harvey the Hound is the Flames' mascot

Calgary Flames [SEP] Mascot

Harvey the Hound is the Flames' mascot. He was created in 1983 to serve both with the Flames and the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League. Harvey was the first mascot in the NHL. Harvey is famous for an incident in January 2003 where he had his tongue ripped out by Edmonton Oilers head coach Craig MacTavish as he was harassing their bench. The incident made headlines throughout North America and led to much humour, including having many other NHL team mascots arrive at the 2003 All-Star Game with their tongues hanging out.


Context: what is calgary flames?

Context: A professional ice hockey team.

Context: is it a national team?

Context: how does its logo look like?

Context: when was it founded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the mascot of the team?

Context: Harvey the Hound is the Flames' mascot.

Question: describe the jersey the team wears?

Answer: White jerseys with red shoulders and red and yellow stripes, and solid red jerseys with yellow and white stripes.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Jerseys

The Calgary Flames' original jerseys retained the basic design the team wore in Atlanta: white jerseys with red shoulders and red and yellow stripes, and solid red jerseys with yellow and white stripes. In 1994, the Flames modified their jersey design, adding black to the team's colour scheme. The new striping pattern included a diagonal set of stripes from the base of the jersey on the player's right side coming up to just below the logo. The contrasting shoulder panels on both jerseys were extended down the sleeves, and contained the striping pattern on the forearms. For the 1996–97 season, the Flames reintroduced the Atlanta logo as their alternate captain's patch, and briefly experimented with using a smaller version of the "flaming C" as a captain's patch.


Context: what is calgary flames?

Context: A professional ice hockey team.

Context: is it a national team?

Context: how does its logo look like?

Context: when was it founded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the mascot of the team?

Context: Harvey the Hound is the Flames' mascot.

Context: describe the jersey the team wears?

Context: White jerseys with red shoulders and red and yellow stripes, and solid red jerseys with yellow and white stripes.

Question: what kind of impact does the team have on the community?

Answer: Flames Central opened the Palace Theatre to bring their fans closer to them.

Explanation: n April 2006, the Flames announced that they would be opening a hybrid restaurant, bar and entertainment facility in downtown Calgary on Stephen Avenue. In announcing the venture, Flames' President and CEO Ken King stated: "While hockey remains our core competency, we are constantly seeking new opportunities in which to grow the Flames brand and allow our fans greater opportunities to enjoy hockey. We believe establishing a location outside of the Pengrowth Saddledome to share food, fun and hockey will bring our fans even closer to the team." One year later, in April 2007, Flames Central opened to the public. In 2017, the facility reverted to its original name of The Palace Theatre.

Calgary Flames [SEP] Community impact

During the 2004–05 NHL lock-out, the Flames heavily marketed the Hitmen, and as a result, the team led all professional or junior hockey teams in North America in attendance, averaging over 10,000 fans per game. In April 2006, the Flames announced that they would be opening a hybrid restaurant, bar and entertainment facility in downtown Calgary on Stephen Avenue. In announcing the venture, Flames' President and CEO Ken King stated: "While hockey remains our core competency, we are constantly seeking new opportunities in which to grow the Flames brand and allow our fans greater opportunities to enjoy hockey. We believe establishing a location outside of the Pengrowth Saddledome to share food, fun and hockey will bring our fans even closer to the team." One year later, in April 2007, Flames Central opened to the public.


Question: what happens at the end of attack on titan manga

Answer: The Corps theorize that Titans were originally humans, and may regain their human form by consuming an individual with Titan power, acquiring those abilities for themselves.

Attack on Titan [SEP] Plot

Annie encases herself in crystal following her capture in Stohess, collateral damage revealing the walls are formed from massive Titans within them. Following the mysterious appearance of the Beast Titan behind Wall Rose, Eren is kidnapped by his fellow cadets Reiner Braun and Bertolt Hoover, exposed as the Titans who compromised Wall Maria. They and Annie were dispatched by an unknown party to capture the "Coordinate", an ability to control titans which they suspect Eren possesses. Eren manifests this power during an encounter with the titan who killed his mother, allowing him and the pursuing Survey Corps to escape. The Corps theorize that Titans were originally humans, and may regain their human form by consuming an individual with Titan power, acquiring those abilities for themselves.


Context: what happens at the end of attack on titan manga

Context: The Corps theorize that Titans were originally humans, and may regain their human form by consuming an individual with Titan power, acquiring those abilities for themselves.

Question: what are the critical responses the manga got?

Answer: Many have analyzed "Attack on Titan" as representing "the hopelessness felt by young people in today's society"

Attack on Titan [SEP] Critical response

Many have analyzed "Attack on Titan" as representing "the hopelessness felt by young people in today's society". Writer Mao Yamawaki called it a "coming-of-age story of the boys and girls at its core", with a new mystery every episode. It is these mysteries that critic Tomofusa Kure said amplifies readers' expectations. The artwork of the manga has been criticized as crude by some reviewers, with Isayama himself admitting his drawings are "amateurish". However, those same critics stated that after years of serialization, the art has been improving, and Kure believes that had the illustrations been "refined", it would not have conveyed the "eeriness" that is a key characteristic of the work.


Context: what are the critical responses the manga got?

Context: Many have analyzed "Attack on Titan" as representing "the hopelessness felt by young people in today's society"

Question: in what way the manga is interpreted on the basis of politics?

Answer: The persecution by Marleyans is similar to the Jewish persecution by Nazis in Germany. This give rise to the theories of antisemitism and fascism.

Explanation: antisemitism and fascism

Attack on Titan [SEP] Political interpretations

This has led to accusations and theories of antisemitism and fascism apology against the series and its author, Isayama. This includes claims that Isayama is promoting nationalism and the theory of Jewish global domination. However, this has been argued against by many fans of the series, with claims that while the Eldians mirror Jewish people, they are intended for readers to sympathize with rather than to be portrayed as villains.


Context: in what way the manga is interpreted on the basis of politics?

Context: The persecution by Marleyans is similar to the Jewish persecution by Nazis in Germany. This give rise to the theories of antisemitism and fascism.

Question: how are the sales of the manga?

Answer: Oricon reported that 30 million volumes of the series have been sold. By November 2014, the manga had 45 million copies in print.

Attack on Titan [SEP] Sales

In April 2014, Oricon reported that 30 million volumes of the series have been sold. By November 2014, the manga had 45 million copies in print. By December 2019, the number had increased to 100 million. The series' twelfth collected volume was given a first printing of 2.2 million copies, making "Attack on Titan" one of only three manga series ever to get an initial print surpassing 2 million, the others being "One Piece" and "". Volume 13 has the highest initial first print of the series so far, with 2,750,000 copies. It is also the first print run record for its publisher, Kodansha.


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: Oricon reported that 30 million volumes of the series have been sold. By November 2014, the manga had 45 million copies in print.

Question: who is the creator of the manga?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Attack on Titan [SEP] Sales


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who is the publisher of the manga?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Attack on Titan [SEP] Sales


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: is there any anime adaptation of the manga?

Answer: Yes, an anime series based on the manga is currently being aired in Japan.

Attack on Titan [SEP] Anime

An anime series based on the manga is currently being aired in Japan. Produced by Wit Studio and directed by Tetsurō Araki, a first season aired between April 7, 2013, and September 29, 2013 originally on Mainichi Broadcasting System (MBS). The second and the third season, directed by Masashi Koizuka, first aired from April 1, 2017 to June 17, 2017, and between July 23, 2018 and July 1, 2019 respectively on MBS and NHK General TV. Upon the airing of the final episode of the third season on July 1, 2019, it was announced that the fourth and final season of the anime series is scheduled for release in Fall 2020 on NHK General.


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there any anime adaptation of the manga?

Context: Yes, an anime series based on the manga is currently being aired in Japan.

Question: which network is broadcasting the anime?

Answer: Mainichi Broadcasting System (MBS) and NHK General TV

Explanation: Mainichi Broadcasting System (MBS).

Attack on Titan [SEP] Anime


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which network is broadcasting the anime?

Context: Mainichi Broadcasting System (MBS) and NHK General TV

Question: when was the former established?

Answer: December 27, 1950

Explanation: was founded December 27, 1950.

Mainichi Broadcasting System [SEP] History of MBS

was founded December 27, 1950. NJB started radio broadcasting from Hankyu Department Store on September 1, 1951 as the second commercial one in Japan. NJB founded on December 1, 1956 with Asahi Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). NJB was renamed "Mainichi Broadcasting System, Inc." on June 1, 1958. On March 1, 1959, after selling all stocks of OTV to ABC, MBS started analog terrestrial television broadcasting independently from OTV on, and made a network with Nippon Educational Television Co., Ltd. (NET, the predecessor of TV Asahi Corporation). In 1960 a broadcasting studio was completed in Senri. In 1964 MBS formed a radio network with TBS Radio and RKB Radio, which evolved into Japan Radio Network (JRN) in 1965.


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Question: where is it based?

Answer: Osaka, Japan

Explanation: Osaka, Japan

Mainichi Broadcasting System [SEP] Introduction

, or MBS, is a radio and television broadcasting company headquartered in Osaka, Japan, affiliated with Japan Radio Network (JRN), National Radio Network (NRN), Japan News Network (JNN) and TBS Network, serving in the Kansai region. It is a parent company of a television station named and a radio station named . MBS is also one of the major stockholders of the following networks : Tokyo Broadcasting System Holdings, Inc. (TBSHD), RKB Mainichi Broadcasting Corporation, BS-TBS, Incorporated, i-Television Inc., TV-U Fukushima Co., Ltd., Hiroshima Home Television Co., Ltd., WOWOW Inc., and FM 802 Co., Ltd.


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Context: where is it based?

Context: Osaka, Japan

Question: name a few festivals held annually?

Answer: Tenjin Matsuri, Aizen Matsuri

Explanation: Aizen Matsuri

Osaka [SEP] Annual festivals

One of the most famous festivals held in Osaka, the Tenjin Matsuri, is held on July 24 and 25 (Ikukunitama Shrine). Other festivals in Osaka include the Aizen Matsuri (June 30 – July 2, Shōman-in Temple), the Sumiyoshi Matsuri (July 30 – August 1, Sumiyoshi Taisha), Shōryō-e (April 22, Shitennō-ji) and Tōka-Ebisu (January 9–10, Imamiya Ebisu Jinja). The annual Osaka Asian Film Festival takes place in Osaka every March.


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Context: where is it based?

Context: Osaka, Japan

Context: name a few festivals held annually?

Context: Tenjin Matsuri, Aizen Matsuri

Question: describe in few words about the former festival?

Answer: It is held on July 24 and 25 in Ikukunitama Shrine

Explanation: is held on July 24 and 25 (Ikukunitama Shrine).

Osaka [SEP] Annual festivals


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Context: where is it based?

Context: Osaka, Japan

Context: name a few festivals held annually?

Context: Tenjin Matsuri, Aizen Matsuri

Context: describe in few words about the former festival?

Context: It is held on July 24 and 25 in Ikukunitama Shrine

Question: how is the politics of osaka?

Answer: The Osaka City Council is the city's local government formed under the Local Autonomy Law.

Osaka [SEP] Politics

The Osaka City Council is the city's local government formed under the Local Autonomy Law. The council has eighty-nine seats, allocated to the twenty-four wards proportional to their population and re-elected by the citizens every four years. The council elects its president and Vice President. Toshifumi Tagaya (LDP) is the current and 104th president since May 2008. The mayor of the city is directly elected by the citizens every four years as well, in accordance with the Local Autonomy Law. Tōru Hashimoto, former governor of Osaka Prefecture is the 19th mayor of Osaka since 2011. The mayor is supported by two vice mayors, currently Akira Morishita and Takashi Kashiwagi, who are appointed by him in accordance with the city bylaw.


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Context: where is it based?

Context: Osaka, Japan

Context: name a few festivals held annually?

Context: Tenjin Matsuri, Aizen Matsuri

Context: how is the politics of osaka?

Context: The Osaka City Council is the city's local government formed under the Local Autonomy Law.

Question: what kind of dialects are used over there?

Answer: The commonly spoken dialect of this area is "Osaka-ben", a typical sub-dialect of "Kansai-ben".

Osaka [SEP] Dialect

The commonly spoken dialect of this area is "Osaka-ben", a typical sub-dialect of "Kansai-ben". Of the many other particularities that characterize Osaka-ben, examples include using the copula "ya" instead of "da", and the suffix "-hen" instead of "-nai" in the negative of verbs.


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Context: where is it based?

Context: Osaka, Japan

Context: name a few festivals held annually?

Context: Tenjin Matsuri, Aizen Matsuri

Context: how is the politics of osaka?

Context: what kind of dialects are used over there?

Context: The commonly spoken dialect of this area is "Osaka-ben", a typical sub-dialect of "Kansai-ben".

Question: name a few cuisines over there?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Osaka [SEP] Dialect


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Context: where is it based?

Context: Osaka, Japan

Context: name a few festivals held annually?

Context: Tenjin Matsuri, Aizen Matsuri

Context: how is the politics of osaka?

Context: name a few cuisines over there?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: describe a few geographical aspects of the city?

Answer: The city's west side is open to Osaka Bay, and is otherwise completely surrounded by more than ten satellite cities, all of them in Osaka Prefecture, with one exception: the city of Amagasaki, belonging to Hyōgo Prefecture, in the northwest.

Osaka [SEP] Geography

The city's west side is open to Osaka Bay, and is otherwise completely surrounded by more than ten satellite cities, all of them in Osaka Prefecture, with one exception: the city of Amagasaki, belonging to Hyōgo Prefecture, in the northwest. The city occupies a larger area (about 13%) than any other city or village within Osaka Prefecture. When the city was established in 1889, it occupied roughly the area known today as the Chuo and Nishi wards, only that would eventually grow into today's via incremental expansions, the largest of which being a single expansion in 1925. Osaka's highest point is Tokyo Peil in Tsurumi-ku, and the lowest point is in Nishiyodogawa-ku at Tokyo Peil.


Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Context: where is it based?

Context: Osaka, Japan

Context: name a few festivals held annually?

Context: Tenjin Matsuri, Aizen Matsuri

Context: how is the politics of osaka?

Context: name a few cuisines over there?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe a few geographical aspects of the city?

Context: The city's west side is open to Osaka Bay, and is otherwise completely surrounded by more than ten satellite cities, all of them in Osaka Prefecture, with one exception: the city of Amagasaki, belonging to Hyōgo Prefecture, in the northwest.

Question: what is the latter prefecture?

Answer: Hyōgo Prefecture's mainland stretches from the Sea of Japan to the Seto Inland Sea, where Awaji Island and a small archipelago of islands belonging to the prefecture are located.

Hyōgo Prefecture [SEP] Introduction

Kōbe is the capital and largest city of Hyōgo Prefecture, and the sixth-largest city in Japan, with other major cities including Himeji, Nishinomiya, and Amagasaki. Hyōgo Prefecture's mainland stretches from the Sea of Japan to the Seto Inland Sea, where Awaji Island and a small archipelago of islands belonging to the prefecture are located. Hyōgo Prefecture is a major economic center, transportation hub, and tourist destination in western Japan, with 20% of the prefecture's land area designated as Natural Parks. Hyōgo Prefecture forms part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area, the second-most-populated urban region in Japan after the Greater Tokyo area and one of the world's most productive regions by GDP.


Context: what happens at the end of attack on titan manga

Context: The Corps theorize that Titans were originally humans, and may regain their human form by consuming an individual with Titan power, acquiring those abilities for themselves.

Context: what are the critical responses the manga got?

Context: Many have analyzed "Attack on Titan" as representing "the hopelessness felt by young people in today's society"

Context: in what way the manga is interpreted on the basis of politics?

Context: The persecution by Marleyans is similar to the Jewish persecution by Nazis in Germany. This give rise to the theories of antisemitism and fascism.

Context: how are the sales of the manga?

Context: Oricon reported that 30 million volumes of the series have been sold. By November 2014, the manga had 45 million copies in print.

Context: who is the creator of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the publisher of the manga?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there any anime adaptation of the manga?

Context: Yes, an anime series based on the manga is currently being aired in Japan.

Context: which network is broadcasting the anime?

Context: Mainichi Broadcasting System (MBS) and NHK General TV

Context: when was the former established?

Context: December 27, 1950

Context: where is it based?

Context: Osaka, Japan

Context: name a few festivals held annually?

Context: Tenjin Matsuri, Aizen Matsuri

Context: describe in few words about the former festival?

Context: It is held on July 24 and 25 in Ikukunitama Shrine

Context: how is the politics of osaka?

Context: The Osaka City Council is the city's local government formed under the Local Autonomy Law.

Context: what kind of dialects are used over there?

Context: The commonly spoken dialect of this area is "Osaka-ben", a typical sub-dialect of "Kansai-ben".

Context: name a few cuisines over there?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe a few geographical aspects of the city?

Context: The city's west side is open to Osaka Bay, and is otherwise completely surrounded by more than ten satellite cities, all of them in Osaka Prefecture, with one exception: the city of Amagasaki, belonging to Hyōgo Prefecture, in the northwest.

Context: what is the latter prefecture?

Context: Hyōgo Prefecture's mainland stretches from the Sea of Japan to the Seto Inland Sea, where Awaji Island and a small archipelago of islands belonging to the prefecture are located.

Question: on what things do the economy of the prefecture depends upon?

Answer: Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries

Hyōgo Prefecture [SEP] Economy

As in all prefectures nationwide, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries play a big role in the economy of Hyogo Prefecture. Hyōgo Prefecture also has an IT industry, many heavy industries, metal and medical, Kobe Port being one of the largest ports in Japan. Kobe Port also hosts one of the world's fastest supercomputers, and Hyogo Prefecture passed laws to keep Kobe Port free of nuclear weapons (a nuclear-free zone) since the year 1975. Hyōgo is a part of the Hanshin Industrial Region. There are two research institutes of Riken, natural sciences research institute in Japan, in Kobe and Harima. "SPring-8", a synchrotron radiation facility, is in Harima.


Question: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Answer: It is termed as "Decompression sickness”. It arises from underwater diving ascent.

Decompression sickness [SEP] Introduction

Decompression sickness (DCS; also known as divers' disease, the bends, aerobullosis, or caisson disease) describes a condition arising from dissolved gases coming out of solution into bubbles inside the body on depressurisation. DCS most commonly refers to problems arising from underwater diving decompression (i.e., during ascent), but may be experienced in other depressurisation events such as emerging from a caisson, flying in an unpressurised aircraft at high altitude, and extravehicular activity from spacecraft. DCS and arterial gas embolism are collectively referred to as decompression illness. Since bubbles can form in or migrate to any part of the body, DCS can produce many symptoms, and its effects may vary from joint pain and rashes to paralysis and death.


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: It is termed as "Decompression sickness”. It arises from underwater diving ascent.

Question: what are its different types?

Answer: It was broadly classified in two categories. "Type I" for symptoms involving only the skin, musculoskeletal system, or lymphatic system, and "Type II" for symptoms where other organs, such as the central nervous system are effected.

Decompression sickness [SEP] Classification

DCS is classified by symptoms. The earliest descriptions of DCS used the terms: "bends" for joint or skeletal pain; "chokes" for breathing problems; and "staggers" for neurological problems. In 1960, Golding "et al." introduced a simpler classification using the term "Type I ('simple')" for symptoms involving only the skin, musculoskeletal system, or lymphatic system, and "Type II ('serious')" for symptoms where other organs (such as the central nervous system) are involved. Type II DCS is considered more serious and usually has worse outcomes. This system, with minor modifications, may still be used today. Following changes to treatment methods, this classification is now much less useful in diagnosis, since neurological symptoms may develop after the initial presentation, and both Type I and Type II DCS have the same initial management.


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: what are its different types?

Context: It was broadly classified in two categories. "Type I" for symptoms involving only the skin, musculoskeletal system, or lymphatic system, and "Type II" for symptoms where other organs, such as the central nervous system are effected.

Question: what results in it?

Answer: It is caused by a reduction in ambient pressure that results in the formation of bubbles of inert gases within tissues of the body.

Explanation: DCS is caused by a reduction in ambient pressure that results in the formation of bubbles of inert gases within tissues of the body. It may happen when leaving a high-pressure environment, ascending from depth, or ascending to altitude.

Decompression sickness [SEP] Causes


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: what are its different types?

Context: what results in it?

Context: It is caused by a reduction in ambient pressure that results in the formation of bubbles of inert gases within tissues of the body.

Question: is it caused by any particular gas?

Answer: Yes a gas mixture of several such as nitrogen and helium to name a few.

Decompression sickness [SEP] Inert gases

The main inert gas in air is nitrogen, but nitrogen is not the only gas that can cause DCS. Breathing gas mixtures such as trimix and heliox include helium, which can also cause decompression sickness. Helium both enters and leaves the body faster than nitrogen, so different decompression schedules are required, but, since helium does not cause narcosis, it is preferred over nitrogen in gas mixtures for deep diving. There is some debate as to the decompression requirements for helium during short-duration dives. Most divers do longer decompressions; however, some groups like the WKPP have been pioneering the use of shorter decompression times by including deep stops.


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: what are its different types?

Context: what results in it?

Context: is it caused by any particular gas?

Context: Yes a gas mixture of several such as nitrogen and helium to name a few.

Question: when was the second gas discovered?

Answer: 1868

Explanation: Helium is named for the Greek Titan of the Sun, Helios. It was first detected as an unknown, yellow spectral line signature in sunlight, during a solar eclipse in 1868 by Georges Rayet, Captain C. T. Haig, Norman R. Pogson, and Lieutenant John Herschel, and was subsequently confirmed by French astronomer, Jules Janssen.

Helium [SEP] Introduction

As with any gas whose density differs from that of air, inhaling a small volume of helium temporarily changes the timbre and quality of the human voice. In scientific research, the behavior of the two fluid phases of helium-4 (helium I and helium II) is important to researchers studying quantum mechanics (in particular the property of superfluidity) and to those looking at the phenomena, such as superconductivity, produced in matter near absolute zero.


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: what are its different types?

Context: what results in it?

Context: is it caused by any particular gas?

Context: when was the second gas discovered?

Question: what are its industrial uses?

Answer: One industrial application for it is leak detection.

Helium [SEP] Industrial leak detection

One industrial application for helium is leak detection. Because helium diffuses through solids three times faster than air, it is used as a tracer gas to detect leaks in high-vacuum equipment (such as cryogenic tanks) and high-pressure containers. The tested object is placed in a chamber, which is then evacuated and filled with helium. The helium that escapes through the leaks is detected by a sensitive device (helium mass spectrometer), even at the leak rates as small as 10 mbar·L/s (10 Pa·m/s). The measurement procedure is normally automatic and is called helium integral test. A simpler procedure is to fill the tested object with helium and to manually search for leaks with a hand-held device.


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: what are its different types?

Context: what results in it?

Context: is it caused by any particular gas?

Context: when was the second gas discovered?

Context: what are its industrial uses?

Context: One industrial application for it is leak detection.

Question: is it also used in healthcare field?

Answer: Yes on humans and animals.

Explanation: Helium was approved for medical use in the United States in April 2020 for humans and animals.

Helium [SEP] Medical uses


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: what are its different types?

Context: what results in it?

Context: is it caused by any particular gas?

Context: when was the second gas discovered?

Context: what are its industrial uses?

Context: is it also used in healthcare field?

Context: Yes on humans and animals.

Question: what are the isotopes of the first gas?

Answer: It has two stable isotopes: N and N.

Nitrogen [SEP] Isotopes

Nitrogen has two stable isotopes: N and N. The first is much more common, making up 99.634% of natural nitrogen, and the second (which is slightly heavier) makes up the remaining 0.366%. This leads to an atomic weight of around 14.007 u. Both of these stable isotopes are produced in the CNO cycle in stars, but N is more common as its neutron capture is the rate-limiting step. N is one of the five stable odd–odd nuclides (a nuclide having an odd number of protons and neutrons); the other four are H, Li, B, and Ta. The relative abundance of N and N is practically constant in the atmosphere but can vary elsewhere, due to natural isotopic fractionation from biological redox reactions and the evaporation of natural ammonia or nitric acid.


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: what are its different types?

Context: what results in it?

Context: is it caused by any particular gas?

Context: when was the second gas discovered?

Context: what are its industrial uses?

Context: is it also used in healthcare field?

Context: Yes on humans and animals.

Context: what are the isotopes of the first gas?

Context: It has two stable isotopes: N and N.

Question: and allotropes?

Answer: Given the great reactivity of atomic nitrogen, it usually occurs as molecular N, "Dinitrogen"

Nitrogen [SEP] Allotropes

Given the great reactivity of atomic nitrogen, elemental nitrogen usually occurs as molecular N, dinitrogen. This molecule is a colourless, odourless, and tasteless diamagnetic gas at standard conditions: it melts at −210 °C and boils at −196 °C. Dinitrogen is mostly unreactive at room temperature, but it will nevertheless react with lithium metal and some transition metal complexes. This is due to its bonding, which is unique among the diatomic elements at standard conditions in that it has an N≡N triple bond. Triple bonds have short bond lengths (in this case, 109.76 pm) and high dissociation energies (in this case, 945.41 kJ/mol), and are thus very strong, explaining dinitrogen's chemical inertness.


Context: cause of joint pain in deep sea divers

Context: what are its different types?

Context: what results in it?

Context: is it caused by any particular gas?

Context: when was the second gas discovered?

Context: what are its industrial uses?

Context: is it also used in healthcare field?

Context: Yes on humans and animals.

Context: what are the isotopes of the first gas?

Context: It has two stable isotopes: N and N.

Context: and allotropes?

Context: Given the great reactivity of atomic nitrogen, it usually occurs as molecular N, "Dinitrogen"

Question: what are its uses?

Answer: It can prevent "Nitrogen Narcosis" when a diver faces decompression sickness.

Explanation: Nitrogen dissolves in the blood and body fats. Rapid decompression (as when divers ascend too quickly or astronauts decompress too quickly from cabin pressure to spacesuit pressure) can lead to a potentially fatal condition called decompression sickness (formerly known as caisson sickness or "the bends"), when nitrogen bubbles form in the bloodstream, nerves, joints, and other sensitive or vital areas. Bubbles from other "inert" gases (gases other than carbon dioxide and oxygen) cause the same effects, so replacement of nitrogen in breathing gases may prevent nitrogen narcosis, but does not prevent decompression sickness.

Nitrogen [SEP] Gas


Question: difference between solar nebula theory and nebular hypothesis

Answer: The widely accepted modern variant of the nebular theory is the solar nebular disk model (SNDM) or solar nebular model. It offered explanations for a variety of properties of the Solar System

Nebular hypothesis [SEP] Introduction

The widely accepted modern variant of the nebular theory is the solar nebular disk model (SNDM) or solar nebular model. It offered explanations for a variety of properties of the Solar System, including the nearly circular and coplanar orbits of the planets, and their motion in the same direction as the Sun's rotation. Some elements of the original nebular theory are echoed in modern theories of planetary formation, but most elements have been superseded. According to the nebular theory, stars form in massive and dense clouds of molecular hydrogen—giant molecular clouds (GMC). These clouds are gravitationally unstable, and matter coalesces within them to smaller denser clumps, which then rotate, collapse, and form stars.


Context: difference between solar nebula theory and nebular hypothesis

Context: The widely accepted modern variant of the nebular theory is the solar nebular disk model (SNDM) or solar nebular model. It offered explanations for a variety of properties of the Solar System

Question: what is this hypothesis?

Answer: The Nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System.

Nebular hypothesis [SEP] Introduction

The Nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems). It suggests that the Solar System formed from gas and dust orbiting the Sun. The theory was developed by Immanuel Kant and published in his "Allgemeine Naturgeschichte und Theorie des Himmels" ("Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens"), published in 1755 and then modified in 1796 by Pierre Laplace. Originally applied to the Solar System, the process of planetary system formation is now thought to be at work throughout the universe.


Context: what is this hypothesis?

Context: The Nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System.

Question: what does it say about rocky planets?

Answer: According to the solar nebular disk model, rocky planets form in the inner part of the protoplanetary disk, within the frost line, where the temperature is high enough to prevent condensation of water ice and other substances into grains.

Nebular hypothesis [SEP] Rocky planets

According to the solar nebular disk model, rocky planets form in the inner part of the protoplanetary disk, within the frost line, where the temperature is high enough to prevent condensation of water ice and other substances into grains. This results in coagulation of purely rocky grains and later in the formation of rocky planetesimals. Such conditions are thought to exist in the inner 3–4 AU part of the disk of a Sun-like star. After small planetesimals—about 1 km in diameter—have formed by one way or another, "runaway accretion" begins. It is called runaway because the mass growth rate is proportional to , where R and M are the radius and mass of the growing body, respectively.


Context: what is this hypothesis?

Context: what does it say about rocky planets?

Context: According to the solar nebular disk model, rocky planets form in the inner part of the protoplanetary disk, within the frost line, where the temperature is high enough to prevent condensation of water ice and other substances into grains.

Question: does it say anything about protostars?

Answer: Yes, Gas in the central part of the nebula, with relatively low angular momentum, undergoes fast compression and forms a hot hydrostatic core.  The core gradually grows in mass until it becomes a young hot protostar.

Explanation: he initial collapse of a solar-mass protostellar nebula takes around 100,000 years. Every nebula begins with a certain amount of angular momentum. Gas in the central part of the nebula, with relatively low angular momentum, undergoes fast compression and forms a hot hydrostatic (not contracting) core containing a small fraction of the mass of the original nebula. This core forms the seed of what will become a star. As the collapse continues, conservation of angular momentum means that the rotation of the infalling envelope accelerates, which largely prevents the gas from directly accreting onto the central core. The gas is instead forced to spread outwards near its equatorial plane, forming a disk, which in turn accretes onto the core. The core gradually grows in mass until it becomes a young hot protostar.

Nebular hypothesis [SEP] Protostars

Stars are thought to form inside giant clouds of cold molecular hydrogen—giant molecular clouds roughly 300,000 times the mass of the Sun () and 20 parsecs in diameter. Over millions of years, giant molecular clouds are prone to collapse and fragmentation. These fragments then form small, dense cores, which in turn collapse into stars. The cores range in mass from a fraction to several times that of the Sun and are called protostellar (protosolar) nebulae. They possess diameters of 0.01–0.1 pc (2,000–20,000 AU) and a particle number density of roughly 10,000 to 100,000 cm. The initial collapse of a solar-mass protostellar nebula takes around 100,000 years.


Context: what is this hypothesis?

Context: what does it say about rocky planets?

Context: does it say anything about protostars?

Context: Yes, Gas in the central part of the nebula, with relatively low angular momentum, undergoes fast compression and forms a hot hydrostatic core.  The core gradually grows in mass until it becomes a young hot protostar.

Question: when was this type of star discovered?

Answer: The modern picture of protostars, summarized above, was first suggested by Chushiro Hayashi in 1966

Protostar [SEP] History

The modern picture of protostars, summarized above, was first suggested by Chushiro Hayashi in 1966. In the first models, the size of protostars was greatly overestimated. Subsequent numerical calculations clarified the issue, and showed that protostars are only modestly larger than main-sequence stars of the same mass. This basic theoretical result has been confirmed by observations, which find that the largest pre-main-sequence stars are also of modest size.


Context: what is this hypothesis?

Context: what does it say about rocky planets?

Context: does it say anything about protostars?

Context: when was this type of star discovered?

Context: The modern picture of protostars, summarized above, was first suggested by Chushiro Hayashi in 1966

Question: is there anything particular about their evolution?

Answer: Star formation begins in relatively small molecular clouds called dense cores.  As the dense core accrues mass from its larger, surrounding cloud, self-gravity begins to overwhelm pressure, and collapse begins.

Protostar [SEP] Protostellar evolution

Star formation begins in relatively small molecular clouds called dense cores. Each dense core is initially in balance between self-gravity, which tends to compress the object, and both gas pressure and magnetic pressure, which tend to inflate it. As the dense core accrues mass from its larger, surrounding cloud, self-gravity begins to overwhelm pressure, and collapse begins. Theoretical modeling of an idealized spherical cloud initially supported only by gas pressure indicates that the collapse process spreads from the inside toward the outside. Spectroscopic observations of dense cores that do not yet contain stars indicate that contraction indeed occurs. So far, however, the predicted outward spread of the collapse region has not been observed.


Context: what is this hypothesis?

Context: what does it say about rocky planets?

Context: does it say anything about protostars?

Context: when was this type of star discovered?

Context: is there anything particular about their evolution?

Context: Star formation begins in relatively small molecular clouds called dense cores.  As the dense core accrues mass from its larger, surrounding cloud, self-gravity begins to overwhelm pressure, and collapse begins.

Question: what are these clouds?

Answer: A molecular cloud, sometimes called a stellar nursery (if star formation is occurring within), is a type of interstellar cloud, the density and size of which permit the formation of molecules, most commonly molecular hydrogen (H).

Molecular cloud [SEP] Introduction

A molecular cloud, sometimes called a stellar nursery (if star formation is occurring within), is a type of interstellar cloud, the density and size of which permit the formation of molecules, most commonly molecular hydrogen (H). This is in contrast to other areas of the interstellar medium that contain predominantly ionized gas. Molecular hydrogen is difficult to detect by infrared and radio observations, so the molecule most often used to determine the presence of H is carbon monoxide (CO). The ratio between CO luminosity and H mass is thought to be constant, although there are reasons to doubt this assumption in observations of some other galaxies.


Context: what is this hypothesis?

Context: what does it say about rocky planets?

Context: does it say anything about protostars?

Context: when was this type of star discovered?

Context: what are these clouds?

Context: A molecular cloud, sometimes called a stellar nursery (if star formation is occurring within), is a type of interstellar cloud, the density and size of which permit the formation of molecules, most commonly molecular hydrogen (H).

Question: where do they occur?

Answer: Within the Milky Way, molecular gas clouds account for less than one percent of the volume of the interstellar medium (ISM), yet it is also the densest part of the medium.

Molecular cloud [SEP] Occurrence

Within the Milky Way, molecular gas clouds account for less than one percent of the volume of the interstellar medium (ISM), yet it is also the densest part of the medium, comprising roughly half of the total gas mass interior to the Sun's galactic orbit. The bulk of the molecular gas is contained in a ring between from the center of the Milky Way (the Sun is about 8.5 kiloparsecs from the center). Large scale CO maps of the galaxy show that the position of this gas correlates with the spiral arms of the galaxy. That molecular gas occurs predominantly in the spiral arms suggests that molecular clouds must form and dissociate on a timescale shorter than 10 million years—the time it takes for material to pass through the arm region.


Context: what is this hypothesis?

Context: what does it say about rocky planets?

Context: does it say anything about protostars?

Context: when was this type of star discovered?

Context: what are these clouds?

Context: where do they occur?

Context: Within the Milky Way, molecular gas clouds account for less than one percent of the volume of the interstellar medium (ISM), yet it is also the densest part of the medium.

Question: which matter is found in this medium?

Answer: This matter includes gas in ionic, atomic, and molecular form, as well as dust and cosmic rays.

Interstellar medium [SEP] Introduction

In astronomy, the interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy. This matter includes gas in ionic, atomic, and molecular form, as well as dust and cosmic rays. It fills interstellar space and blends smoothly into the surrounding intergalactic space. The energy that occupies the same volume, in the form of electromagnetic radiation, is the interstellar radiation field. The interstellar medium is composed of multiple phases distinguished by whether matter is ionic, atomic, or molecular, and the temperature and density of the matter. The interstellar medium is composed, primarily, of hydrogen, followed by helium with trace amounts of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen comparatively to hydrogen.


Context: what is this hypothesis?

Context: what does it say about rocky planets?

Context: does it say anything about protostars?

Context: when was this type of star discovered?

Context: what are these clouds?

Context: where do they occur?

Context: which matter is found in this medium?

Context: This matter includes gas in ionic, atomic, and molecular form, as well as dust and cosmic rays.

Question: how does this medium interact with the interplanetary medium?

Answer: In the region beyond the termination shock, called the heliosheath, interstellar matter interacts with the solar wind. "Voyager 1" provided the first direct probe of conditions in the ISM .

Interstellar medium [SEP] Interaction with interplanetary medium

The interstellar medium begins where the interplanetary medium of the Solar System ends. The solar wind slows to subsonic velocities at the termination shock, 90–100 astronomical units from the Sun. In the region beyond the termination shock, called the heliosheath, interstellar matter interacts with the solar wind. "Voyager 1", the farthest human-made object from the Earth (after 1998), crossed the termination shock December 16, 2004 and later entered interstellar space when it crossed the heliopause on August 25, 2012, providing the first direct probe of conditions in the ISM .


Question: who is lady gaga?

Answer: Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta, known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter and actress.

Lady Gaga [SEP] Introduction

Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta ( ) (born March 28, 1986), known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She is known for her consistent image reinventions and versatility in both music and entertainment. Gaga began performing as a teenager, singing at open mic nights and acting in school plays. She studied at Collaborative Arts Project 21, through New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, before dropping out to pursue a career in music. When Def Jam Recordings canceled her contract, she worked as a songwriter for Sony/ATV Music Publishing, where she signed a joint deal with Interscope Records and Akon's label, KonLive Distribution, in 2007.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta, known professionally as Lady Gaga, is an American singer, songwriter and actress.

Question: where was she born?

Answer: Manhattan, New York City

Lady Gaga [SEP] 1986–2005: Early life

Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta was born on March 28, 1986 at Lenox Hill Hospital in Manhattan, New York City, to an upper middle class Catholic family. Both of her parents have Italian ancestry, and she also has more distant French-Canadian roots. Her parents are Cynthia Louise (), a philanthropist and business executive, and Internet entrepreneur Joseph Germanotta, and she has a younger sister named Natali. Brought up in the Upper West Side of Manhattan, Gaga said in an interview that her parents came from lower-class families and worked hard for everything. From age 11, she attended the Convent of the Sacred Heart, a private all-girls Roman Catholic school.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Question: when?

Answer: March 28, 1986

Explanation: Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta was born on March 28, 1986

Lady Gaga [SEP] 1986–2005: Early life


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Question: can you please name some of her songs?

Answer: Bad Romance", "Telephone", and "Alejandro".

Explanation:
"The Fame" and its chart-topping singles "Just Dance" and "Poker Face". The album was later reissued to include the EP "The Fame Monster" (2009), which yielded the singles "Bad Romance", "Telephone", and "Alejandro".

Gaga's five succeeding studio albums have all debuted atop the US "Billboard" 200. Her second full-length album, "Born This Way" (2011), explored electronic rock and techno-pop and sold more than one million copies in its first week. Its title track became the fastest-selling song on the iTunes Store, with over one million downloads in less than a week. Following her EDM-influenced third album "Artpop" (2013), which yielded the single "Applause", Gaga eschewed dance-pop and released a jazz album with Tony Bennett, "Cheek to Cheek" (2014),

Lady Gaga [SEP] Introduction

Gaga returned to her dance-pop roots with her sixth studio album "Chromatica" (2020), which spawned the number-one single "Rain on Me". Having sold 124 million records as of 2014, Gaga is one of the world's best-selling music artists and the fourth highest-earning female musician of the 2010s. Her achievements include various Guinness World Records, 11 Grammy Awards, and awards from the Songwriters Hall of Fame and the Council of Fashion Designers of America. She has been declared "Billboard"s Artist of the Year and Woman of the Year and included among "Forbes" power and earnings rankings. Gaga was ranked number four on VH1's Greatest Women in Music in 2012 and second on "Time"s 2011 readers' poll of the most influential people of the past ten years.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: Bad Romance", "Telephone", and "Alejandro".

Question: describe her music style?

Answer: Electronic rock and techno.

Lady Gaga [SEP] Musical style and themes

"Born This Way" has lyrics in English, French, German, and Spanish and features themes common to Gaga's controversial songwriting such as sex, love, religion, money, drugs, identity, liberation, sexuality, freedom, and individualism. The album explores new genres, such as electronic rock and techno.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Question: can you please name some of her albums?

Answer: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Explanation:
her debut album "The Fame" and its chart-topping singles "Just Dance" and "Poker Face". The album was later reissued to include the EP "The Fame Monster" (2009), which yielded the singles "Bad Romance", "Telephone", and "Alejandro".

Gaga's five succeeding studio albums have all debuted atop the US "Billboard" 200. Her second full-length album, "Born This Way" (2011), explored electronic rock and techno-pop and sold more than one million copies in its first week. Its title track became the fastest-selling song on the iTunes Store, with over one million downloads in less than a week. Following her EDM-influenced third album "Artpop" (2013), which yielded the single "Applause", Gaga eschewed dance-pop and released a jazz album with Tony Bennett, "Cheek to Cheek" (2014), and the country pop and soft rock-influenced album "Joanne" (2016). She also ventured into acting, playing leading roles in the miniseries "" (2015–2016), for which she received a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress, and

Lady Gaga [SEP] Introduction


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Question: has she won any awards for her music?

Answer: Yes, 11 Grammy Awards, an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, three Brit Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, eighteen MTV Video Music Awards, various Guinness World Record.

Lady Gaga [SEP] Achievements

Gaga has won 11 Grammy Awards, an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, three Brit Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, eighteen MTV Video Music Awards, various Guinness World Records, and the inaugural Songwriters Hall of Fame's Contemporary Icon Award. She received a National Arts Awards' Young Artist Award, which honors individuals who have shown accomplishments and leadership early in their career, and she won the Jane Ortner Artist Award from the Grammy Museum in 2016. Gaga has also been recognized by the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) with the Fashion Icon award, and was a finalist for "The Advocate"s Person of the Year in 2016.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: Yes, 11 Grammy Awards, an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, three Brit Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, eighteen MTV Video Music Awards, various Guinness World Record.

Question: has she acted in movies?

Answer: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Lady Gaga [SEP] 2018–present: "A Star Is Born", Enigma, and "Chromatica"

In March 2018, Gaga supported the March for Our Lives gun-control rally in Washington, D.C., and released a cover of Elton John's "Your Song" for his tribute album "Revamp". Later that year, she starred as struggling singer Ally in Bradley Cooper's musical romantic drama "A Star Is Born", a remake of the 1937 film of the same name. The film follows Ally's relationship with singer Jackson Maine (played by Cooper), which becomes strained after her career begins to overshadow his. Cooper approached Gaga after seeing her perform at a cancer research fundraiser; an admirer of Cooper's work, Gaga agreed to the project due to its portrayal of addiction and depression.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Question: has she won any awards for her movies?

Answer: She became the first woman to win an Academy Award, a Grammy Award, a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award in one year for her contribution to "A Star Is Born"s soundtrack.

Lady Gaga [SEP] Achievements

In 2019, she became the first woman to win an Academy Award, a Grammy Award, a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award in one year for her contribution to "A Star Is Born"s soundtrack. Gaga is one of the world's best-selling music artists, with estimated sales of 124 million records as of 2014, and has produced some of the best-selling singles of all time. She has grossed more than $512.3 million in revenue from concert tours and residencies, becoming the fifth woman to pass the half-billion total as reported to "Billboard" Boxscore. Gaga has consecutively appeared on "Billboard" magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), and ranked 11th on its Top Artists of the 2010s chart.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: She became the first woman to win an Academy Award, a Grammy Award, a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award in one year for her contribution to "A Star Is Born"s soundtrack.

Question: does she support homosexuality?

Answer: A bisexual woman and actively supports LGBT

Lady Gaga [SEP] LGBT advocacy

Gaga is a bisexual woman and actively supports LGBT rights worldwide. She attributes much of her early success as a mainstream artist to her gay fans and is considered a gay icon. Early in her career she had difficulty getting radio airplay, and stated, "The turning point for me was the gay community." She thanked FlyLife, a Manhattan-based LGBT marketing company with whom her label Interscope works, in the liner notes of "The Fame". One of her first televised performances was in May 2008 at the NewNowNext Awards, an awards show aired by the LGBT television network Logo. Gaga spoke at the 2009 National Equality March in Washington in support of the LGBT movement.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: A bisexual woman and actively supports LGBT

Question: in the movie that she acted in, who was her co-star?

Answer: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Explanation: Cooper, Lady Gaga, Dave Chappelle

A Star Is Born (2018 film) [SEP] Introduction

A Star Is Born is a 2018 American romantic musical drama film produced and directed by Bradley Cooper (in his directorial debut) and written by Cooper, Eric Roth and Will Fetters. It stars Cooper, Lady Gaga, Dave Chappelle, Andrew Dice Clay, and Sam Elliott, and follows a hard-drinking musician (Cooper) who discovers and falls in love with a young singer (Gaga). It is the fourth filmed version of 1937 film, after the 1954 musical and the 1976 musical. Talks of a remake of the 1937 and 1954 versions, "A Star Is Born" began in 2011, with Clint Eastwood attached to direct and Beyoncé set to star.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: in the movie that she acted in, who was her co-star?

Context: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Question: what is the first person's full name?

Answer: Bradley Cooper

Explanation: A Star Is Born is a 2018 American romantic musical drama film produced and directed by Bradley Cooper


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Context: what is the first person's full name?

Context: Bradley Cooper

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Philadelphia

Explanation: Philadelphia,

Bradley Cooper [SEP] Early life

Cooper was born on January 5, 1975, in Philadelphia, and grew up in the nearby communities of Jenkintown and Rydal. His mother, Gloria (née Campano), worked for the local NBC affiliate. His father, Charles Cooper, worked as a stockbroker for Merrill Lynch. Cooper's father was of Irish descent, while his mother is of Italian ancestry (from Abruzzo and Naples). He has an older sister, Holly. He had cholesteatoma in his ear soon after his birth, and punctured his eardrum when he started diving at an early age. Describing himself as a child, Cooper has said: "I never lived the life of 'Oh, you're so good-looking'.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Context: what is the first person's full name?

Context: Bradley Cooper

Context: where was he born?

Context: Philadelphia

Question: when?

Answer: January 5, 1975

Explanation: Cooper was born on January 5, 1975, i

Bradley Cooper [SEP] Early life


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Context: what is the first person's full name?

Context: Bradley Cooper

Context: where was he born?

Context: Philadelphia

Context: when?

Context: January 5, 1975

Question: which was his first film?

Answer: "Wet Hot American Summer"

Bradley Cooper [SEP] Early roles (2001–2008)

Cooper's cinematic debut came in the ensemble comedy "Wet Hot American Summer" (2001), a film that takes place at a fictional summer camp in 1981. He played Ben, a counselor and the love interest of Michael Ian Black's character. Although the film was critically and commercially unsuccessful, it has developed a cult status over the years. Cooper reprised the role in the film's prequel "" (2015), an eight-episode Netflix series. In the television series "Alias" (2001–06), Cooper achieved some success with the role of Will Tippin, a local reporter for a newspaper and the best friend of Jennifer Garner's character, Sydney Bristow.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Context: what is the first person's full name?

Context: Bradley Cooper

Context: where was he born?

Context: Philadelphia

Context: when?

Context: January 5, 1975

Context: which was his first film?

Context: "Wet Hot American Summer"

Question: can you please name other films that he has acted in?

Answer: "The Midnight Meat Train", "The Hangover", "Case 39"

Explanation: "The Midnight Meat Train

In 2008, he played the lead in "Older than America", and appeared onstage in a production of Theresa Rebeck's play "The Understudy" at the Williamstown Theatre Festival alongside Kristen Johnston. Between his small roles of best friend to the main character in the 2008 comedies "Yes Man" and "The Rocker", Cooper landed the lead role in the Ryuhei Kitamura-directed horror film "The Midnight Meat Train" (2008), based on Clive Barker's 1984 short story of the same name. Playing the dark character of a freelance photographer who tries to track down a serial killer was a departure from Cooper's previous comedic roles and an experience he found enjoyable.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Context: what is the first person's full name?

Context: Bradley Cooper

Context: where was he born?

Context: Philadelphia

Context: when?

Context: January 5, 1975

Context: which was his first film?

Context: "Wet Hot American Summer"

Context: can you please name other films that he has acted in?

Context: "The Midnight Meat Train", "The Hangover", "Case 39"

Question: has he won any awards?

Answer: He has received one BAFTA, one Screen Actors Guild Award, and two Grammy Awards.

Bradley Cooper [SEP] Acting credits and awards

Cooper has received one BAFTA, one Screen Actors Guild Award, and two Grammy Awards. He has been nominated for eight Academy Awards, five Golden Globe Awards, and one Tony Award. According to the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes and box-office website Box Office Mojo, Cooper's most critically and commercially successful films include "Wedding Crashers" (2005), "The Hangover" (2009), "Limitless" (2011), "Silver Linings Playbook" (2012), "American Hustle" (2013), "Guardians of the Galaxy" (2014), "American Sniper" (2014) and "A Star Is Born" (2018). Among his stage roles, he has appeared in a Broadway revival of "The Elephant Man" (2014–2015), for which he was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Context: what is the first person's full name?

Context: Bradley Cooper

Context: where was he born?

Context: Philadelphia

Context: when?

Context: January 5, 1975

Context: which was his first film?

Context: "Wet Hot American Summer"

Context: has he won any awards?

Context: He has received one BAFTA, one Screen Actors Guild Award, and two Grammy Awards.

Question: has the second actor that you had mentioned also won any awards?

Answer: Yes, Grammy Award and Emmy Award

Dave Chappelle [SEP] 2018–present: continued success

In January 2018 at the 60th Annual Grammy Awards, Chappelle received a Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album for his first two 2017 specials "The Age of Spin & Deep in the Heart of Texas". In September 2018, Chappelle's "Equanimity" special received an Emmy Award for Outstanding Variety Special (Pre-Recorded). In October 2018, Chappelle returned to the big screen as "Noodles", Jackson Maine's best friend and retired musician in Bradley Cooper's directorial debut, a remake of "A Star Is Born". The film was a massive critical and commercial success. He was nominated along with the cast for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Cast in a Motion Picture.


Context: who is lady gaga?

Context: where was she born?

Context: Manhattan, New York City

Context: when?

Context: March 28, 1986

Context: can you please name some of her songs?

Context: describe her music style?

Context: Electronic rock and techno.

Context: can you please name some of her albums?

Context: "The Fame", "Born This Way" , "Artpop"

Context: has she won any awards for her music?

Context: has she acted in movies?

Context: Yes, "A Star Is Born"

Context: has she won any awards for her movies?

Context: does she support homosexuality?

Context: Cooper, Dave Chappelle

Context: what is the first person's full name?

Context: Bradley Cooper

Context: where was he born?

Context: Philadelphia

Context: when?

Context: January 5, 1975

Context: which was his first film?

Context: "Wet Hot American Summer"

Context: has he won any awards?

Context: has the second actor that you had mentioned also won any awards?

Context: Yes, Grammy Award and Emmy Award

Question: has the second actor that you had mentioned also won any awards?

Answer: Yes, Grammy and Emmy Awards


Question: what is virgin and child enthroned?

Answer: Small oil-on-oak panel painting

Virgin and Child Enthroned [SEP] Introduction

The Virgin and Child Enthroned (also known as the Thyssen Madonna) is a small oil-on-oak panel painting dated 1433, usually attributed to the Early Netherlandish artist Rogier van der Weyden. It is closely related to his "Madonna Standing", completed during the same period. The panel is filled with Christian iconography, including representations of prophets, the Annunciation, Christ's infancy and resurrection, and Mary's Coronation. It is generally accepted as the earliest extant work by van der Weyden, one of three works attributed to him of the Virgin and Child enclosed in a niche on an exterior wall of a Gothic church.


Context:
what is virgin and child enthroned?
Small oil-on-oak panel painting

Question: by whom was it painted?

Answer: Rogier van der Weyden.


Context:
what is virgin and child enthroned?
Small oil-on-oak panel painting
by whom was it painted?
Rogier van der Weyden.

Question: where was he from?

Answer: Netherland

Rogier van der Weyden [SEP] Introduction

Rogier van der Weyden () or Roger de la Pasture (1399 or 140018 June 1464) was an Early Netherlandish painter whose surviving works consist mainly of religious triptychs, altarpieces and commissioned single and diptych portraits. He was highly successful and internationally famous in his lifetime; his paintings were exported – or taken – to Italy and Spain, and he received commissions from, amongst others, Philip the Good, Netherlandish nobility, and foreign princes. By the latter half of the 15th century, he had eclipsed Jan van Eyck in popularity. However his fame lasted only until the 17th century, and largely due to changing taste, he was almost totally forgotten by the mid-18th century.


Context:
what is virgin and child enthroned?
Small oil-on-oak panel painting
by whom was it painted?
Rogier van der Weyden.
where was he from?
Netherland

Question: under whom did he work as an apprentice?

Answer: Little is known about Rogier's training as a painter.

Explanation: Little is known about Rogier's training as a painter. The archival sources from Tournai were completely destroyed during World War II, but had been partly transcribed in the 19th and early 20th century.

Rogier van der Weyden [SEP] Early life and apprenticeship

The archival sources from Tournai were completely destroyed during World War II, but had been partly transcribed in the 19th and early 20th century. The sources on his early life are confusing and have led to different interpretations by scholars. It is known that the city council of Tournai offered eight pitchers of wine in honour of a certain 'Maistre Rogier de le Pasture' on 17 November 1426.


Context: what is virgin and child enthroned?

Context: Small oil-on-oak panel painting

Context: by whom was it painted?

Context: Rogier van der Weyden.

Context: where was he from?

Context: Netherland

Context: under whom did he work as an apprentice?

Context: Little is known about Rogier's training as a painter.

Question: can you mention another work by him?

Answer: The Magdalen Reading

Explanation:
He completed his Deposition in 1435, which as he had deliberately intended, made him one of the most sought after and influential artists in northern Europe and is still considered his masterpiece.
The fragment of the London National Gallery's "The Magdalen Reading" has been described by Campbell as "one of the great masterpieces of fifteenth-century art and among Rogier's most important early works".

Rogier van der Weyden [SEP] Work

The paintings probably measured about 4.5 m each, which was an enormous scale for a painting on panel at that time. They served as 'examples of justice' for the aldermen of the city who had to speak justice in this room. The paintings were praised or described by a series of commentators until their destruction, including Dürer (1520), Vasari (1568), Molanus (c. 1570–1580), and Baldinucci (1688).


Context: what is virgin and child enthroned?

Context: Small oil-on-oak panel painting

Context: by whom was it painted?

Context: Rogier van der Weyden.

Context: where was he from?

Context: Netherland

Context: can you mention another work by him?

Context: The Magdalen Reading

Question: where is this painting now?

Answer: London National Gallery

Rogier van der Weyden [SEP] Work

The fragment of the London National Gallery's "The Magdalen Reading" has been described by Campbell as "one of the great masterpieces of fifteenth-century art and among Rogier's most important early works". Since the 1970s, this painting has been linked to two small heads in the collection of the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum (Lisbon), of Saint Catherine and of St Joseph. It is now widely believed that these three fragments came from the same large altarpiece depicting the "Virgin and Child with Saints", partly recorded in a later drawing now in Stockholm. At some unknown date before 1811, this altarpiece was carved up into these three fragments.


Context: what is virgin and child enthroned?

Context: Small oil-on-oak panel painting

Context: by whom was it painted?

Context: Rogier van der Weyden.

Context: where was he from?

Context: Netherland

Context: can you mention another work by him?

Context: The Magdalen Reading

Context: where is this painting now?

Context: London National Gallery

Question: when was it established?

Answer: 1824

Explanation: Founded in 1824

National Gallery [SEP] Introduction

The National Gallery is an art museum in Trafalgar Square in the City of Westminster, in Central London. Founded in 1824, it houses a collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900. The Gallery is an exempt charity, and a non-departmental public body of the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. Its collection belongs to the government on behalf of the British public, and entry to the main collection is free of charge. In 2019, it was ranked seventh in the world on the List of most visited art museums. Unlike comparable museums in continental Europe, the National Gallery was not formed by nationalising an existing royal or princely art collection.


Context: what is virgin and child enthroned?

Context: Small oil-on-oak panel painting

Context: by whom was it painted?

Context: Rogier van der Weyden.

Context: where was he from?

Context: Netherland

Context: can you mention another work by him?

Context: The Magdalen Reading

Context: where is this painting now?

Context: London National Gallery

Context: when was it established?

Question: was it ever affected by any war?

Answer: Yes, the paintings were evacuated.

National Gallery [SEP] World War II

Shortly before the outbreak of World War II the paintings were evacuated to locations in Wales, including Penrhyn Castle, the university colleges of Bangor and Aberystwyth. In 1940, during the Battle of France, a more secure home was sought, and there were discussions about moving the paintings to Canada. This idea was firmly rejected by Winston Churchill, who wrote in a telegram to the director Kenneth Clark, "bury them in caves or in cellars, but not a picture shall leave these islands". Instead a slate quarry at Manod, near Blaenau Ffestiniog in North Wales, was requisitioned for the Gallery's use.


Context: what is virgin and child enthroned?

Context: Small oil-on-oak panel painting

Context: by whom was it painted?

Context: Rogier van der Weyden.

Context: where was he from?

Context: Netherland

Context: can you mention another work by him?

Context: The Magdalen Reading

Context: where is this painting now?

Context: London National Gallery

Context: when was it established?

Context: was it ever affected by any war?

Context: Yes, the paintings were evacuated.

Question: where were they evacuated to?

Answer: Location in Wales

National Gallery [SEP] World War II


Context: what is virgin and child enthroned?

Context: Small oil-on-oak panel painting

Context: by whom was it painted?

Context: Rogier van der Weyden.

Context: where was he from?

Context: Netherland

Context: can you mention another work by him?

Context: The Magdalen Reading

Context: where is this painting now?

Context: London National Gallery

Context: when was it established?

Context: was it ever affected by any war?

Context: Yes, the paintings were evacuated.

Context: where were they evacuated to?

Context: Location in Wales

Question: what languages are spoken in this place?

Answer: Welsh language and English

Wales [SEP] Language

The Welsh language is an Indo-European language of the Celtic family; the most closely related languages are Cornish and Breton. Most linguists believe that the Celtic languages arrived in Britain around 600 BCE. The Brythonic languages ceased to be spoken in of England and were replaced by the English language, which arrived in Wales around the end of the eighth century due to the defeat of the Kingdom of Powys. The Bible translations into Welsh and Protestant Reformation, which encouraged use of the vernacular in religious services, helped the language survive after Welsh elites abandoned it in favour of English in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.


Question: in which country does saint paul, minnesota fall under?

Answer: U.S.

Saint Paul, Minnesota [SEP] Introduction

Saint Paul (abbreviated St. Paul) is the capital of the U.S. state of Minnesota. It is the county seat of Ramsey County, the state's smallest and most densely populated county. As of 2019, its estimated population was 308,096, making it the 63rd-largest city in the United States and the 11th-most populous in the Midwest. Most of the city lies east of the Mississippi River at the confluence with the Minnesota River. Minneapolis, the state's largest city, is across the river to the west. Together they are known as the "Twin Cities". They are the core of Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area, home to over 3.6 million and the third-largest in the Midwest.


Context: in which country does saint paul, minnesota fall under?

Context: U.S.

Question: how is the climate there?

Answer: Hot summer humid continental climate

Saint Paul, Minnesota [SEP] Climate

Saint Paul has a continental climate typical of the Upper Midwestern United States. Winters are frigid and snowy, while summers are warm to hot and humid. On the Köppen climate classification, Saint Paul falls in the hot summer humid continental climate zone ("Dfa"). The city experiences a full range of precipitation and related weather events, including snow, sleet, ice, rain, thunderstorms, tornadoes, and fog. Due to its northerly location and lack of large bodies of water to moderate the air, Saint Paul is sometimes subjected to cold Arctic air masses, especially during late December, January, and February. The average annual temperature of gives the Minneapolis−Saint Paul metropolitan area the coldest annual mean temperature of any major metropolitan area in the continental U.S.


Context: U.S.

Context: how is the climate there?

Context: Hot summer humid continental climate

Question: what is the population of this place?

Answer: Acc to 2010 census, there are 285,068 people.

Saint Paul, Minnesota [SEP] 2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 285,068 people, 111,001 households, and 59,689 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 120,795 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 60.1% white, 15.7% African American, 1.1% Native American, 15.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 3.9% from other races, and 4.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 9.6% of the population. There were 111,001 households, of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.1% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.2% were non-families.


Context: U.S.

Context: how is the climate there?

Context: Hot summer humid continental climate

Context: what is the population of this place?

Context: Acc to 2010 census, there are 285,068 people.

Question: who were the first settlers in this place?

Answer: Members of the Hopewell tradition

Saint Paul, Minnesota [SEP] Demographics

The earliest known inhabitants from about 400 A.D. were members of the Hopewell tradition who buried their dead in mounds (now Indian Mounds Park) on the river bluffs. The next known inhabitants were the Mdewakanton Dakota in the 17th century who fled their ancestral home of Mille Lacs Lake in central Minnesota in response to westward expansion of the Ojibwe nation. The Ojibwe later occupied the north (east) bank of the Mississippi River. By 1800, French-Canadian explorers came through the region and attracted fur traders to the area. Fort Snelling and Pig's Eye Tavern also brought the first Yankees from New England and English, Irish, and Scottish immigrants who had enlisted in the army and settled nearby after discharge.


Context: U.S.

Context: how is the climate there?

Context: Hot summer humid continental climate

Context: what is the population of this place?

Context: who were the first settlers in this place?

Context: Members of the Hopewell tradition

Question: who did their members include?

Answer: It was not a single culture or society, but a widely dispersed set of related populations

Hopewell tradition [SEP] Introduction

The Hopewell tradition (also called the Hopewell culture) describes the common aspects of the Native American culture that flourished along rivers in the northeastern and midwestern Eastern Woodlands from 100 BCE to 500 CE, in the Middle Woodland period. The Hopewell tradition was not a single culture or society, but a widely dispersed set of related populations. They were connected by a common network of trade routes, known as the Hopewell exchange system. At its greatest extent, the Hopewell exchange system ran from the Crystal River Indian Mounds in modern-day Florida as far north as the northern shores of Lake Ontario.


Context: U.S.

Context: how is the climate there?

Context: Hot summer humid continental climate

Context: what is the population of this place?

Context: Members of the Hopewell tradition

Context: who did their members include?

Context: It was not a single culture or society, but a widely dispersed set of related populations

Question: can you name some cultures that exists in this tradition?

Answer: Ohio Hopewell and a number of other Middle Woodland period cultures

Explanation: Aside from the more famous Ohio Hopewell, a number of other Middle Woodland period cultures are known to have been involved in the Hopewell tradition and participated in the Hopewell exchange network.

Hopewell tradition [SEP] Local expressions of Hopewellian traditions


Context: U.S.

Context: how is the climate there?

Context: Hot summer humid continental climate

Context: what is the population of this place?

Context: Members of the Hopewell tradition

Context: who did their members include?

Context: can you name some cultures that exists in this tradition?

Context: Ohio Hopewell and a number of other Middle Woodland period cultures

Question: was there a cultural decline?

Answer: Yes

Hopewell tradition [SEP] Cultural decline

With fewer people using trade routes, there was no longer a network linking people to the Hopewell traditions. The breakdown in societal organization could also have been the result of full-scale agriculture. Conclusive reasons for the evident dispersal of the people have not yet been determined.