Context: The Seneca Falls Convention

Context: when was this convention held?

Context: and where was it held?

Context: Wesleyan Chapel

Context: can you name some famous personality involved in this convention?

Context: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott and Fredrick Douglass

Question: who is the first one?

Answer: She was a leader of the women's rights movement in the U.S. during the mid- to late-1800s.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton [SEP] Introduction

Elizabeth Cady Stanton (November 12, 1815 – October 26, 1902) was a leader of the women's rights movement in the U.S. during the mid- to late-1800s. She was the main force behind the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention, the first convention to be called for the sole purpose of discussing women's rights, and was the primary author of its Declaration of Sentiments. Her demand for women's right to vote generated a controversy at the convention but quickly became a central tenant of the women's movement. She was also active in other social reform activities, especially abolitionism. In 1851, she met Susan B.


Context: this was the first public meeting about women's rights held in the united states

Context: The Seneca Falls Convention

Context: when was this convention held?

Context: It spanned two days over July 19–20, 1848.

Context: and where was it held?

Context: Wesleyan Chapel

Context: which matters were discussed in the first day of the convention?

Context: The question of whether men's signatures would be sought for the Declaration was discussed.

Context: how the religious people react to this convention?

Context: On Sunday, July 23, many who had attended, and more who had not, attacked the Convention, the Declaration of Sentiments, and the resolutions.

Context: what role did newspaper play during that time?

Context: Local newspapers printed reports of the convention, some positive, others not.

Context: who is the first one?

Context: She was a leader of the women's rights movement in the U.S. during the mid- to late-1800s.

Question: where was she from?

Answer: Johnstown, New York

Explanation: Johnstown, New York

Elizabeth Cady Stanton [SEP] Childhood and family background

Elizabeth Cady was born into the leading family of Johnstown, New York. Their family mansion on the town's main square was handled by as many as twelve servants. Her conservative father, Daniel Cady, was one of the richest landowners in the state. A member of the Federalist Party, he was an attorney who served one term in the U.S. Congress and became a justice in the New York Supreme Court. Her mother, Margaret Livingston Cady, was more progressive, supporting the radical Garrisonian wing of the abolitionist movement and signing a petition for women's suffrage in 1867. Elizabeth was the seventh of eleven children, six of whom died before reaching full adulthood, including all of the boys.


Context: The Seneca Falls Convention

Context: when was this convention held?

Context: and where was it held?

Context: Wesleyan Chapel

Context: who is the first one?

Context: where was she from?

Context: Johnstown, New York

Question: did she did participate in other conventions too?

Answer: Yes, World Anti-Slavery Convention.

Explanation: World Anti-Slavery Convention

Elizabeth Cady Stanton [SEP] World Anti-Slavery Convention

While on their honeymoon in England in 1840, the Stantons attended the World Anti-Slavery Convention in London. Elizabeth was appalled by the convention's male delegates, who voted to prevent women from participating even if they had been appointed as delegates of their respective abolitionist societies. The men required the women to sit in a separate section, hidden by curtains from the convention's proceedings. William Lloyd Garrison, a prominent American abolitionist and supporter of women's rights who arrived after the vote had been taken, refused to sit with the men and sat with the women instead. Lucretia Mott, a Quaker minister, abolitionist and women's rights advocate, was one of the women who had been sent as a delegate.


Context: The Seneca Falls Convention

Context: when was this convention held?

Context: and where was it held?

Context: Wesleyan Chapel

Context: who is the first one?

Context: where was she from?

Context: Johnstown, New York

Context: did she did participate in other conventions too?

Context: Yes, World Anti-Slavery Convention.

Question: who organised this convention?

Answer: British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society

World Anti-Slavery Convention [SEP] Introduction

The World Anti-Slavery Convention met for the first time at Exeter Hall in London, on 12–23 June 1840. It was organized by the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, largely on the initiative of the English Quaker Joseph Sturge. The exclusion of women from the convention gave a great impetus to the women's suffrage movement in the United States.


Context: The Seneca Falls Convention

Context: when was this convention held?

Context: and where was it held?

Context: Wesleyan Chapel

Context: who is the first one?

Context: where was she from?

Context: Johnstown, New York

Context: Yes, World Anti-Slavery Convention.

Context: who organised this convention?

Question: what was the main motive of this convention?

Answer: It was the perceived need for a society to campaign for anti-slavery worldwide.

World Anti-Slavery Convention [SEP] Background

They were heavily involved, attending meetings and writing petitions. Arthur Tappan and other conservative members of the society objected to women engaging in politics publicly. Given the perceived need for a society to campaign for anti-slavery worldwide, the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society (BFASS) was accordingly founded in 1839. One of its first significant deeds was to organize the World Anti-Slavery Convention in 1840: "Our expectations, we confess, were high, and the reality did not disappoint them." The preparations for this event had begun in 1839, when the Society circulated an advertisement inviting delegates to participate in the convention. Over 200 of the official delegates were British.


Context: The Seneca Falls Convention

Context: when was this convention held?

Context: and where was it held?

Context: Wesleyan Chapel

Context: who is the first one?

Context: where was she from?

Context: Johnstown, New York

Context: Yes, World Anti-Slavery Convention.

Context: who organised this convention?

Context: what was the main motive of this convention?

Context: It was the perceived need for a society to campaign for anti-slavery worldwide.

Question: when did the leader of the women's rights mentioned earlier die?

Answer: October 26, 1902

Explanation: October 26, 1902

Elizabeth Cady Stanton [SEP] Death, burial, and remembrance

Stanton died in New York City on October 26, 1902, 18 years before women achieved the right to vote in the United States via the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The medical report said the cause of death was heart failure. According to her daughter Harriet, she had developed breathing problems that had begun to interfere with her work. The day before she died, Stanton told her doctor, a woman, to give her something to speed her death if the problem could not be cured. Stanton had signed a document two years earlier directing that her brain was to be donated to Cornell University for scientific study after her death, but her wishes in that regard were not carried out.


Question: where did the voting rights act of 1965 take place

Answer: In the United States

Voting Rights Act of 1965 [SEP] Introduction

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the civil rights movement on August 6, 1965, and Congress later amended the act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the act secured the right to vote for racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the act is considered to be the most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.


Context: where did the voting rights act of 1965 take place

Context: In the United States

Question: were there any changes made to this act?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: In the United States

Context: were there any changes made to this act?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who was the head of state when this act was passed?

Answer: President Lyndon B

Explanation: The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B.


Context: In the United States

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who was the head of state when this act was passed?

Context: President Lyndon B

Question: when did he swear in to his position?

Answer: 1963

Lyndon B. Johnson [SEP] Introduction

Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969, and previously as 37th vice president from 1961 to 1963. He assumed the presidency following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. A Democrat from Texas, Johnson also served as a United States Representative and as the Majority Leader in the United States Senate. Johnson is one of only four people who have served in all four federal elected positions. Born in a farmhouse in Stonewall, Texas, Johnson was a high school teacher and worked as a congressional aide before winning election to the US House of Representatives in 1937.


Context: In the United States

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: President Lyndon B

Context: when did he swear in to his position?

Question: did he have anything to do with regulations on guns?

Answer: Yes, he signed the Gun Control Act of 1968

Explanation: On October 22, 1968, Lyndon Johnson signed the Gun Control Act of 1968, one of the largest and farthest-reaching federal gun control laws in American history. Much of the motivation for this large expansion of federal gun regulations came as a response to the assassinations of John F. Kennedy, Robert F. Kennedy, and Martin Luther King Jr.

Lyndon B. Johnson [SEP] Gun control


Context: In the United States

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: President Lyndon B

Context: when did he swear in to his position?

Context: did he have anything to do with regulations on guns?

Context: Yes, he signed the Gun Control Act of 1968

Question: what does this act mention?

Answer: It is a U.S. federal law that regulates the firearms industry and firearms owners

Gun Control Act of 1968 [SEP] Introduction

The Gun Control Act of 1968 (GCA or GCA68) is a U.S. federal law that regulates the firearms industry and firearms owners. It primarily focuses on regulating interstate commerce in firearms by generally prohibiting interstate firearms transfers except among licensed manufacturers, dealers and importers. The GCA was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on October 22, 1968, and is Title I of the U.S. federal firearms laws. The National Firearms Act of 1934 (NFA) is Title II. Both GCA and NFA are enforced by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF).


Context: In the United States

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: President Lyndon B

Context: when did he swear in to his position?

Context: what does this act mention?

Context: It is a U.S. federal law that regulates the firearms industry and firearms owners

Question: what about importing?

Answer: It created what is known as the "sporting purposes" standard for imported firearms, saying that they must "be generally recognized as particularly suitable for or readily adaptable to sporting purposes, which includes hunting and  organized competitive target shooting, but does not includes  "plinking" or "practical shooting"

Explanation: The GCA created what is known as the "sporting purposes" standard for imported firearms, saying that they must "be generally recognized as particularly suitable for or readily adaptable to sporting purposes." GCA sporting purposes includes hunting and organized competitive target shooting, but does not include "plinking" or "practical shooting" (which the ATF says is closer to police/combat-style competition and not comparable to more traditional types of sports), nor does it allow for collection for historical or design interest.

Gun Control Act of 1968 [SEP] Import restrictions


Context: In the United States

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: President Lyndon B

Context: when did he swear in to his position?

Context: what does this act mention?

Context: what about importing?

Context: It created what is known as the "sporting purposes" standard for imported firearms, saying that they must "be generally recognized as particularly suitable for or readily adaptable to sporting purposes, which includes hunting and  organized competitive target shooting, but does not includes  "plinking" or "practical shooting"

Question: what is the last mentioned type?

Answer: Practical shooting, also known as dynamic shooting or action shooting, is a set of shooting sports where the competitors are trying to unite the three principles of precision, power, and speed

Practical shooting [SEP] Introduction

Practical shooting, also known as dynamic shooting or action shooting, is a set of shooting sports where the competitors are trying to unite the three principles of precision, power, and speed, by using a firearm of a certain minimum power factor to score as many points as possible during the shortest amount of time (or sometimes within a set maximum time). While scoring systems vary between organizations, each measures the time of which the course is completed, with penalties for inaccurate shooting. The courses are called "stages", and are shot individually by the shooters. Usually the shooter must move and shoot from several positions, fire under or over obstacles and in other unfamiliar positions.


Context: In the United States

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: President Lyndon B

Context: when did he swear in to his position?

Context: what does this act mention?

Context: what about importing?

Context: what is the last mentioned type?

Context: Practical shooting, also known as dynamic shooting or action shooting, is a set of shooting sports where the competitors are trying to unite the three principles of precision, power, and speed

Question: did the lyndon have any heart conditions?

Answer: Yes, he suffered an attack of angina

Lyndon B. Johnson [SEP] Heart issues

In March 1970, Johnson suffered an attack of angina and was taken to Brooke Army General Hospital in San Antonio. He had gained more than since leaving the White House; he now weighed around and was urged to lose considerable weight. He had also resumed smoking after nearly 15 years of not smoking. The following summer, again gripped by chest pains, he lost in less than a month on a crash diet. In April 1972, Johnson had a second heart attack while visiting his daughter, Lynda, in Virginia. "I'm hurting real bad," he confided to friends. The chest pains returned nearly every afternoona series of sharp, jolting pains that left him frightened and breathless.


Context: In the United States

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: President Lyndon B

Context: when did he swear in to his position?

Context: what does this act mention?

Context: what about importing?

Context: what is the last mentioned type?

Context: did the lyndon have any heart conditions?

Context: Yes, he suffered an attack of angina

Question: when did he die?

Answer: January 22, 1973

Explanation: Ten days later, at approximately 3:39 p.m. Central Time on January 22, 1973, Johnson suffered a massive heart attack in his bedroom.

Lyndon B. Johnson [SEP] Death and funeral

George McGranahan pronounced him dead on arrival. He was 64 years old. Shortly after Johnson's death, his press secretary Tom Johnson telephoned the newsroom at CBS. Cronkite was live on the air with the "CBS Evening News" at the time, and a report on Vietnam was airing. The call was patched through to Cronkite, and while Johnson relayed the information the director cut out of the report to return to the news desk. Cronkite, still on the phone, kept Johnson on the call while he gathered whatever available relevant information, then repeated it to his viewers. Johnson's death came two days after Richard Nixon's second inauguration, which followed Nixon's landslide victory in the 1972 election.


Question: what is tennessine?

Answer: A synthetic chemical element

Tennessine [SEP] Introduction

Tennessine is a synthetic chemical element with the symbol Ts and atomic number 117. It is the second-heaviest known element and the penultimate element of the 7th period of the periodic table. The discovery of tennessine was officially announced in Dubna, Russia, by a Russian–American collaboration in April 2010, which makes it the most recently discovered element . One of its daughter isotopes was created directly in 2011, partially confirming the results of the experiment. The experiment itself was repeated successfully by the same collaboration in 2012 and by a joint German–American team in May 2014. In December 2015, the Joint Working Party of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics, which evaluates claims of discovery of new elements, recognized the element and assigned the priority to the Russian–American team.


Context:
what is tennessine?
A synthetic chemical element

Question: by whom was it discovered?

Answer: The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research team, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Vanderbilt University

Explanation: In December 2004, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) team in Dubna, Moscow Oblast, Russia, proposed a joint experiment with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States, to synthesize element 117—so-called for the 117 protons in its nucleus. Their proposal involved fusing a berkelium (element 97) target and a calcium (element 20) beam, conducted via bombardment of the berkelium target with calcium nuclei: this would complete a set of experiments done at the JINR on the fusion of actinide targets with a calcium-48 beam, which had thus far produced the new elements 113–116 and 118. The ORNL—then the world's only producer of berkelium—could not then provide the element, as they had temporarily ceased production, and re-initiating it would be too costly. Plans to synthesize element 117 were suspended in favor of the confirmation of element 118, which had been produced earlier in 2002 by bombarding a californium target with calcium. The requir

Tennessine [SEP] Pre-discovery


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research team, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Vanderbilt University

Question: where is the second located?

Answer: Roane County section of the city of Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Oak Ridge National Laboratory [SEP] Introduction

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (abbreviated as ORNL) is an American multiprogram science and technology national laboratory sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and administered, managed, and operated by UT–Battelle as a federally funded research and development center (FFRDC) under a contract with the DOE. Established in 1942, ORNL is the largest science and energy national laboratory in the Department of Energy system (by size) and third largest by annual budget. ORNL is located in the Roane County section of the city of Oak Ridge, Tennessee. ORNL's scientific programs focus on materials, neutron science, energy, high-performance computing, systems biology and national security.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: Roane County section of the city of Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Question: in which country is the state located?

Answer: United States

Tennessee [SEP] Introduction

Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a state in the southeastern United States. Tennessee is the 36th largest by area and the 16th most populous of the 50 states. It is bordered by eight states, with Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, Arkansas to the west, and Missouri to the northwest. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms its western border. Nashville is the state's capital and largest city, with a 2019 population of 670,820 and a 2019 metro population of 1,934,317.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Question: what is the nickname of this state?

Answer: The Volunteer State

Tennessee [SEP] Nickname

Tennessee is known as The Volunteer State, a nickname some claimed was earned during the War of 1812 because of the prominent role played by volunteer soldiers from Tennessee, especially during the Battle of New Orleans. Other sources differ on the origin of the state nickname; according to "The Columbia Encyclopedia", the name refers to volunteers for the Mexican–American War from 1846 to 1848. This explanation is more likely, because President Polk's call for 2,600 nationwide volunteers at the beginning of the Mexican–American War resulted in 30,000 volunteers from Tennessee alone, largely in response to the death of Davy Crockett and appeals by former Tennessee Governor and then Texas politician, Sam Houston.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Question: how is the climate like here?

Answer: Humid subtropical climate

Tennessee [SEP] Climate

Most of the state has a humid subtropical climate, with the exception of some of the higher elevations in the Appalachians, which are classified as having a mountain temperate or humid continental climate due to cooler temperatures. The Gulf of Mexico is the dominant factor in the climate of Tennessee, with winds from the south being responsible for most of the state's annual precipitation. Generally, the state has hot summers and mild to cool winters with generous precipitation throughout the year, with highest average monthly precipitation generally in the winter and spring months, between December and April. The driest months, on average, are August to October.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Question: what religion are followed here?

Answer: Christianity

Tennessee [SEP] Religion

The religious affiliations of the people of Tennessee as of 2014: The largest denominations by number of adherents in 2010 were the Southern Baptist Convention with 1,483,356; the United Methodist Church with 375,693; the Roman Catholic Church with 222,343; and the Churches of Christ with 214,118. As of January 1, 2009, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) reported 43,179 members, 10 stakes, 92 Congregations (68 wards and 24 branches), two missions, and two temples in Tennessee.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: what religion are followed here?

Context: Christianity

Question: name a university located here.

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Tennessee [SEP] Religion


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: what religion are followed here?

Context: Christianity

Context: name a university located here.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: did any war take place here?

Answer: Yes, many major battles of the American Civil War were fought in Tennessee

Tennessee [SEP] Civil War and Reconstruction

On June 8, 1861, with people in Middle Tennessee having significantly changed their position, voters approved a second referendum calling for secession, becoming the last state to do so. But the Union-backing State of Scott was also established at this time, and remained a "de facto" enclave of the United States throughout the war. Many major battles of the American Civil War were fought in Tennessee—most of them Union victories. Ulysses S. Grant and the U.S. Navy captured control of the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers in February 1862. They held off the Confederate counterattack at Shiloh in April. Memphis fell to the Union in June, following a naval battle on the Mississippi River in front of the city.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: what religion are followed here?

Context: Christianity

Context: name a university located here.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did any war take place here?

Context: Yes, many major battles of the American Civil War were fought in Tennessee

Question: which parties were engaged in this war?

Answer: Northern states loyal to the Union and southern states that had seceded to form the Confederate States of America.

American Civil War [SEP] Introduction

The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States from 1861 to 1865, fought between northern states loyal to the Union and southern states that had seceded to form the Confederate States of America. The civil war began primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of black people. War broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina just over a month after Abraham Lincoln had been inaugurated as the President of the United States. The loyalists of the Union in the North, which also included some geographically western and southern states, proclaimed support for the Constitution.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: what religion are followed here?

Context: Christianity

Context: name a university located here.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did any war take place here?

Context: which parties were engaged in this war?

Context: Northern states loyal to the Union and southern states that had seceded to form the Confederate States of America.

Question: which states were part of the last?

Answer: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida

Confederate States of America [SEP] Introduction

The Confederate States of America (CSA), commonly referred to as the Confederate States or the Confederacy, was an unrecognized breakaway state in existence from February 8, 1861 to May 9, 1865, that fought against the United States of America during the American Civil War. The Confederacy was formed on February 8, 1861, by the seven secessionist slave states: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas. All seven of the states were located in the southeasternmost region of the United States, whose economy was heavily dependent upon agriculture—particularly cotton—and a plantation system that relied upon enslaved African Americans for labor.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: what religion are followed here?

Context: Christianity

Context: name a university located here.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did any war take place here?

Context: which parties were engaged in this war?

Context: which states were part of the last?

Context: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida

Question: does any waterbody lie in the former?

Answer: Yes, South Carolina has several major lakes covering over

South Carolina [SEP] Lakes

South Carolina has several major lakes covering over . All major lakes in South Carolina are man-made. The following are the lakes listed by size.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: what religion are followed here?

Context: Christianity

Context: name a university located here.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did any war take place here?

Context: which parties were engaged in this war?

Context: which states were part of the last?

Context: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida

Context: does any waterbody lie in the former?

Context: Yes, South Carolina has several major lakes covering over

Question: does it face any natural disasters?

Answer: Yes, the state is occasionally affected by tropical cyclones like Hazel, Florence, and Hugo

South Carolina [SEP] Hurricanes and tropical cyclones

The state is occasionally affected by tropical cyclones. This is an annual concern during hurricane season, which lasts from June1 to November 30. The peak time of vulnerability for the southeast Atlantic coast is from early August to early October, during the Cape Verde hurricane season. Memorable hurricanes to hit South Carolina include Hazel (1954), Florence (2018), and Hugo (1989), all Category 4 hurricanes. South Carolina averages around 50 days of thunderstorm activity a year. This is less than some of the states further south, and it is slightly less vulnerable to tornadoes than the states which border on the Gulf of Mexico.


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: what religion are followed here?

Context: Christianity

Context: name a university located here.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did any war take place here?

Context: which parties were engaged in this war?

Context: which states were part of the last?

Context: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida

Context: does any waterbody lie in the former?

Context: does it face any natural disasters?

Context: Yes, the state is occasionally affected by tropical cyclones like Hazel, Florence, and Hugo

Question: are there any newspapers published here?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is tennessine?

Context: A synthetic chemical element

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: where is the second located?

Context: in which country is the state located?

Context: United States

Context: what is the nickname of this state?

Context: The Volunteer State

Context: how is the climate like here?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: what religion are followed here?

Context: Christianity

Context: name a university located here.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: did any war take place here?

Context: which parties were engaged in this war?

Context: which states were part of the last?

Context: South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida

Context: does any waterbody lie in the former?

Context: does it face any natural disasters?

Context: are there any newspapers published here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does this place have any mountain range?

Answer: Yes, the Blue Ridge Mountains

South Carolina [SEP] Regions

The state can be divided into three natural geographic areas which then can then be subdivided into five distinct cultural regions. The natural environment is divided from east to west by the Atlantic coastal plain, the Piedmont, and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Culturally, the coastal plain is split into the Lowcountry and the Pee Dee region. While, the upper Piedmont region is referred to as the Piedmont and the lower Piedmont region is referred to as the Midlands. The area surrounding the Blue Ridge Mountains is known as the Upstate. The Atlantic Coastal Plain makes up two-thirds of the state.


Question: how long did it take to build the freedom tower in new york

Answer: From 2006 to 2015

Explanation: The building's architect is David Childs, whose firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) also designed the Burj Khalifa and the Willis Tower. The construction of below-ground utility relocations, footings, and foundations for the new building began on April 27, 2006. One World Trade Center became the tallest structure in New York City on April 30, 2012, when it surpassed the height of the Empire State Building. The tower's steel structure was topped out on August 30, 2012. On May 10, 2013, the final component of the skyscraper's spire was installed, making the building, including its spire, reach a total height of . Its height in feet is a deliberate reference to the year when the United States Declaration of Independence was signed. The building opened on November 3, 2014; the One World Observatory opened on May 29, 2015.

One World Trade Center [SEP] Introduction

One World Trade Center (also known as One World Trade, One WTC, or Freedom Tower) is the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan, New York City. One WTC is the tallest building in the United States, the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, and the sixth-tallest in the world. The supertall structure has the same name as the North Tower of the original World Trade Center, which was destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The new skyscraper stands on the northwest corner of the World Trade Center site, on the site of the original 6 World Trade Center.


Context: how long did it take to build the freedom tower in new york

Context: From 2006 to 2015

Question: why was it rebuilt?

Answer: Because tt was destroyed after the September 11 attack

Explanation: At 8:46 a.m. (EDT) on September 11, 2001, five hijackers affiliated with al-Qaeda crashed American Airlines Flight 11 into the northern facade of the North Tower between the 93rd and 99th floors. Seventeen minutes later, at 9:03 a.m. (EDT), a second group of terrorists crashed the hijacked United Airlines Flight 175 into the southern facade of the South Tower, striking between the 77th and 85th floors.

One World Trade Center [SEP] September 11 attacks

The fires burned for hours, compromising the building's structural integrity. Seven World Trade Center collapsed at 5:21 p.m. (EDT). Together with a simultaneous attack on the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and a failed plane hijacking that resulted in a plane crash in Shanksville, Pennsylvania, the attacks resulted in the deaths of 2,996 people (2,507 civilians, 343 firefighters, 72 law enforcement officers, 55 military personnel, and the 19 hijackers). More than 90% of the workers and visitors who died in the towers had been at or above the points of impact. In the North Tower, 1,355 people at or above the point of impact were trapped, and died of smoke inhalation, fell, jumped from the tower to escape the smoke and flames, or were killed when the building eventually collapsed.


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: Because tt was destroyed after the September 11 attack

Question: what is this attack that took place on september 11?

Answer: Hijackers affiliated with al-Qaeda crashed American Airlines Flights into the tower

Explanation:
At 8:46 a.m. (EDT) on September 11, 2001, five hijackers affiliated with al-Qaeda crashed American Airlines Flight 11 into the northern facade of the North Tower between the 93rd and 99th floors. Seventeen minutes later, at 9:03 a.m. (EDT), a second group of terrorists crashed the hijacked United Airlines Flight 175 into the southern facade of the South Tower, striking between the 77th and 85th floors.

By 9:59 a.m. (EDT), the South Tower collapsed after burning for approximately 56 minutes. After burning for 102 minutes, the North Tower collapsed due to structural failure at 10:28 a.m. (EDT). When the North Tower collapsed, debris fell on the nearby 7 World Trade Center, damaging it and starting fires. The fires burned for hours, compromising the building's structural integrity. Seven World Trade Center collapsed at 5:21 p.m. (EDT).


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: what is this attack that took place on september 11?

Context: Hijackers affiliated with al-Qaeda crashed American Airlines Flights into the tower

Question: who was the architect who rebuilt the trade center?

Answer: David Childs

Explanation: he building's architect is David Childs, whose firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) also designed the Burj Khalifa and the Willis Tower. The construction of below-ground utility relocations, footings, and foundations for the new building began on April 27, 2006. One World Trade Center became the tallest structure in New York City on April 30, 2012, when it surpassed the height of the Empire State Building. The tower's steel structure was topped out on August 30, 2012. On May 10, 2013, the final comp

On May 10, 2013, the final component of the skyscraper's spire was installed, making the building, including its spire, reach a total height of . Its height in feet is a deliberate reference to the year when the United States Declaration of Independence was signed. The building opened on November 3, 2014; the One World Observatory opened on May 29, 2015. On March 26, 2009, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ) confirmed that the building would be officially known by its legal name of "One World Trade Center", rather than its colloquial name of "Freedom Tower".


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: who was the architect who rebuilt the trade center?

Context: David Childs

Question: how many floors and stories does the building have?

Answer: 110 Floors

One World Trade Center [SEP] Specifications and operations

After Seven World Trade Center was built in the 1980s, the World Trade Center complex had a total of seven buildings; however, the most notable ones were the main Twin Towers built in the 1970s—One World Trade Center was the North Tower, and Two World Trade Center was the South Tower. Each tower was over high, and occupied about of the total of the site's land. During a press conference in 1973, Yamasaki was asked, "Why two 110-story buildings? Why not one 220-story building?" His response was, "I didn't want to lose the human scale." When it was topped out on October, 1971, One World Trade Center became the tallest building in the world, surpassing the Empire State Building, which had held the record for 40 years.


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: David Childs

Context: how many floors and stories does the building have?

Context: 110 Floors

Question: who is the leader of the hijacker group ?

Answer: Osama bin Laden, Ayman al-Zawahiri and Abdullah Azzam

Al-Qaeda [SEP] Introduction

Al-Qaeda (; ', , translation: "The Base", "The Foundation", alternatively spelled al-Qaida and al-Qa'ida) is a transnational extremist Salafist militant organization founded in Peshawar, Pakistan 1988 by Osama bin Laden, Ayman al-Zawahiri and Abdullah Azzam, and several other Arab volunteers during the Soviet–Afghan War. Al-Qaeda operates as a network of Islamic extremists and Salafist jihadists. The organization has been designated as a terrorist group by the United Nations Security Council, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the European Union, the United States, the United Kingdom, Russia, India, and various other countries (see below). Al-Qaeda has mounted attacks on non-military and military targets in various countries, including the 1998 United States embassy bombings, the September 11 attacks, and the 2002 Bali bombings.


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: David Childs

Context: 110 Floors

Context: who is the leader of the hijacker group ?

Question: when was this group founded?

Answer: 1988

Explanation: Al-Qaeda (; ', , translation: "The Base", "The Foundation", alternatively spelled al-Qaida and al-Qa'ida) is a transnational extremist Salafist militant organization founded in Peshawar, Pakistan 1988 by Osama bin Laden, Ayman al-Zawahiri and Abdullah Azzam, and several other Arab volunteers during the Soviet–Afghan War.

Al-Qaeda [SEP] Introduction


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: David Childs

Context: 110 Floors

Context: when was this group founded?

Question: why was this group declared as terrorists?

Answer: Because they have mounted attacks on non-military and military targets in various countries, including the 1998 United States embassy bombings, the September 11 attacks, and the 2002 Bali bombings.

Explanation: Al-Qaeda has mounted attacks on non-military and military targets in various countries, including the 1998 United States embassy bombings, the September 11 attacks, and the 2002 Bali bombings.

Al-Qaeda [SEP] Introduction


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: David Childs

Context: 110 Floors

Context: when was this group founded?

Context: why was this group declared as terrorists?

Context: Because they have mounted attacks on non-military and military targets in various countries, including the 1998 United States embassy bombings, the September 11 attacks, and the 2002 Bali bombings.

Question: which are the other countries that were attacked by them?

Answer: Yemen and Somalia are few

Explanation: n January 2009, al-Qaeda's division in Saudi Arabia merged with its Yemeni wing to form al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP). Centered in Yemen, the group takes advantage of the country's poor economy, demography and domestic security. In August 2009, the group made an assassination attempt against a member of the Saudi royal family. President Obama asked Ali Abdullah Saleh to ensure closer cooperation with the US in the struggle against the growing activity of al-Qaeda in Yemen, and promised to send additional aid. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, drew US attention from Somalia and Yemen. In December 2011, US Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta said that the US operations against al-Qaeda "are now concentrating on key groups in Yemen, Somalia and North Africa." Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula claimed responsibility for the 2009 bombing attack on Northwest Airlines Flight 253 by Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab. The AQAP declared the Al-Qaeda Emirate in Yemen on March 31, 2011, after cap

Al-Qaeda [SEP] Somalia and Yemen

In Somalia, al-Qaeda agents had been collaborating closely with its Somali wing, which was created from the al-Shabaab group. In February 2012, al-Shabaab officially joined al-Qaeda, declaring loyalty in a video. Somalian al-Qaeda recruited children for suicide-bomber training, recruited young people to participate in militant actions against Americans. The percentage of attacks in the First World originating from the Afghanistan–Pakistan (AfPak) border declined starting in 2007, as al-Qaeda shifted to Somalia and Yemen. While al-Qaeda leaders were hiding in the tribal areas along the AfPak border, middle-tier leaders heightened activity in Somalia and Yemen. In January 2009, al-Qaeda's division in Saudi Arabia merged with its Yemeni wing to form al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP).


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: David Childs

Context: 110 Floors

Context: when was this group founded?

Context: which are the other countries that were attacked by them?

Context: Yemen and Somalia are few

Question: what are the security features in the rebuilt trade center?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Al-Qaeda [SEP] Somalia and Yemen


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: David Childs

Context: 110 Floors

Context: when was this group founded?

Context: Yemen and Somalia are few

Context: what are the security features in the rebuilt trade center?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does the trade center mentioned at the beginning have restaurant on the 107th floor?

Answer: Yes Windows on the World, and The Greatest Bar on Earth

One World Trade Center [SEP] Controversies

The social center of the previous One World Trade Center included a restaurant on the 107th floor, called Windows on the World, and The Greatest Bar on Earth; these were tourist attractions in their own right, and a gathering spot for people who worked in the towers. This restaurant also housed one of the most prestigious wine schools in the United States, called "Windows on the World Wine School", run by wine personality Kevin Zraly. Despite numerous assurances that these attractions would be rebuilt, the Port Authority scrapped plans to rebuild them, which has outraged some observers. The fortified base of the tower has also been a source of controversy.


Context: From 2006 to 2015

Context: why was it rebuilt?

Context: David Childs

Context: 110 Floors

Context: when was this group founded?

Context: Yemen and Somalia are few

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does the trade center mentioned at the beginning have restaurant on the 107th floor?

Context: Yes Windows on the World, and The Greatest Bar on Earth

Question: what is the controversy related to it?

Answer: Thes restaurants were not rebuild after the destruction even after being assured


Question: the number of valence electrons of the germanium element is

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Germanium [SEP] Introduction

Germanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ge and atomic number 32. It is a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbours silicon and tin. Pure germanium is a semiconductor with an appearance similar to elemental silicon. Like silicon, germanium naturally reacts and forms complexes with oxygen in nature. Because it seldom appears in high concentration, germanium was discovered comparatively late in the history of chemistry. Germanium ranks near fiftieth in relative abundance of the elements in the Earth's crust. In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev predicted its existence and some of its properties from its position on his periodic table, and called the element ekasilicon.


Context: the number of valence electrons of the germanium element is

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is germanium?

Answer: It is a chemical element with the symbol Ge.

Explanation: rmanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ge and atomic number 32.

Germanium [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is germanium?

Context: It is a chemical element with the symbol Ge.

Question: is it a metal?

Answer: It is a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid.

Explanation: It is a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid in the carbon group, chemically similar to its group neighbours silicon and tin.

Germanium [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is germanium?

Context: is it a metal?

Context: It is a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid.

Question: what is its atomic number?

Answer: 32

Explanation: Germanium is a chemical element with the symbol Ge and atomic number 32.

Germanium [SEP] Introduction


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Question: who discovered it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Germanium [SEP] Introduction


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Context: what is germanium?

Context: is it a metal?

Context: what is its atomic number?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where can it be found?

Answer: In the Earth's crust.

Explanation: Germanium's abundance in the Earth's crust is approximately 1.6 ppm.

Germanium [SEP] Occurrence

An unusual natural enrichment process causes a high content of germanium in some coal seams, discovered by Victor Moritz Goldschmidt during a broad survey for germanium deposits. The highest concentration ever found was in Hartley coal ash with as much as 1.6% germanium. The coal deposits near Xilinhaote, Inner Mongolia, contain an estimated 1600 tonnes of germanium.


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Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Question: what are some of its applications?

Answer: 35% for fiber-optics, 30% infrared optics, 15% polymerization catalysts, and 15% electronics.

Explanation: The major end uses for germanium in 2007, worldwide, were estimated to be: 35% for fiber-optics, 30% infrared optics, 15% polymerization catalysts, and 15% electronics and solar electric applications. The remaining 5% went into such uses as phosphors, metallurgy, and chemotherapy.

Germanium [SEP] Applications


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is germanium?

Context: is it a metal?

Context: what is its atomic number?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: 35% for fiber-optics, 30% infrared optics, 15% polymerization catalysts, and 15% electronics.

Question: what help does it offer in the field of optics?

Answer: It is useful for wide-angle camera lenses, microscopy, and the core part of optical fibers.

Germanium [SEP] Optics

The notable properties of germania (GeO) are its high index of refraction and its low optical dispersion. These make it especially useful for wide-angle camera lenses, microscopy, and the core part of optical fibers. It has replaced titania as the dopant for silica fiber, eliminating the subsequent heat treatment that made the fibers brittle. At the end of 2002, the fiber optics industry consumed 60% of the annual germanium use in the United States, but this is less than 10% of worldwide consumption. GeSbTe is a phase change material used for its optic properties, such as that used in rewritable DVDs.


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Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: what help does it offer in the field of optics?

Context: It is useful for wide-angle camera lenses, microscopy, and the core part of optical fibers.

Question: what does the last mentioned term refer to?

Answer: A flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic.

Optical fiber [SEP] Introduction

An optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair. Optical fibers are used most often as a means to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber and find wide usage in fiber-optic communications, where they permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data transfer rates) than electrical cables. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss; in addition, fibers are immune to electromagnetic interference, a problem from which metal wires suffer. Fibers are also used for illumination and imaging, and are often wrapped in bundles so they may be used to carry light into, or images out of confined spaces, as in the case of a fiberscope.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: what is its atomic number?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: what does the last mentioned term refer to?

Context: A flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic.

Question: is it used in communication technology?

Answer: Yes, it is used as a medium for telecommunication and computer networking.

Optical fiber [SEP] Communication

Optical fiber is used as a medium for telecommunication and computer networking because it is flexible and can be bundled as cables. It is especially advantageous for long-distance communications, because infrared light propagates through the fiber with much lower attenuation compared to electricity in electrical cables. This allows long distances to be spanned with few repeaters. The per-channel light signals propagating in the fiber have been modulated at rates as high as 111 gigabits per second (Gbit/s) by NTT, although 10 or 40 Gbit/s is typical in deployed systems. In June 2013, researchers demonstrated transmission of 400 Gbit/s over a single channel using 4-mode orbital angular momentum multiplexing.


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Context: is it a metal?

Context: what is its atomic number?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: is it used in communication technology?

Context: Yes, it is used as a medium for telecommunication and computer networking.

Question: how do pigeons affect the former medium?

Answer: Homing pigeons have occasionally been used throughout history by different cultures.

Telecommunication [SEP] Beacons and pigeons

Homing pigeons have occasionally been used throughout history by different cultures. Pigeon post had Persian roots, and was later used by the Romans to aid their military. Frontinus said that Julius Caesar used pigeons as messengers in his conquest of Gaul. The Greeks also conveyed the names of the victors at the Olympic Games to various cities using homing pigeons. In the early 19th century, the Dutch government used the system in Java and Sumatra. And in 1849, Paul Julius Reuter started a pigeon service to fly stock prices between Aachen and Brussels, a service that operated for a year until the gap in the telegraph link was closed.


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Context: what is its atomic number?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: is it used in communication technology?

Context: how do pigeons affect the former medium?

Context: Homing pigeons have occasionally been used throughout history by different cultures.

Question: what were other means of communication in early times?

Answer: Electrical telegraph.

Telecommunication [SEP] Telegraph and telephone

On 25 July 1837 the first commercial electrical telegraph was demonstrated by English inventor Sir William Fothergill Cooke, and English scientist Sir Charles Wheatstone. Both inventors viewed their device as "an improvement to the [existing] electromagnetic telegraph" not as a new device. Samuel Morse independently developed a version of the electrical telegraph that he unsuccessfully demonstrated on 2 September 1837. His code was an important advance over Wheatstone's signaling method. The first transatlantic telegraph cable was successfully completed on 27 July 1866, allowing transatlantic telecommunication for the first time. The conventional telephone was patented by Alexander Bell in 1876. Elisha Gray also filed a caveat for it in 1876.


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Context: is it a metal?

Context: what is its atomic number?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: is it used in communication technology?

Context: what were other means of communication in early times?

Context: Electrical telegraph.

Question: who invented the device?

Answer: Sir William Fothergill Cooke

Explanation: On 25 July 1837 the first commercial electrical telegraph was demonstrated by English inventor Sir William Fothergill Cooke, and English scientist Sir Charles Wheatstone.


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Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: is it used in communication technology?

Context: Electrical telegraph.

Context: who invented the device?

Context: Sir William Fothergill Cooke

Question: what kind of pigeons are mentioned above?

Answer: It is a variety of domestic pigeons derived from the wild rock dove.

Homing pigeon [SEP] Introduction

The true messenger pigeon is a variety of domestic pigeons ("Columba livia domestica") derived from the wild rock dove, selectively bred for its ability to find its way home over extremely long distances. The rock dove has an innate homing ability, meaning that it will generally return to its nest (it is believed) using magnetoreception. Flights as long as have been recorded by birds in competitive pigeon racing. Their average flying speed over moderate distances is around and speeds of up to have been observed in top racers for short distances. Because of this skill, domesticated pigeons were used to carry messages as messenger pigeons.


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Context: is it a metal?

Context: what is its atomic number?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: is it used in communication technology?

Context: Electrical telegraph.

Context: who invented the device?

Context: Sir William Fothergill Cooke

Context: what kind of pigeons are mentioned above?

Context: It is a variety of domestic pigeons derived from the wild rock dove.

Question: was it used for as a postal service?

Answer: Yes, a message may be written on thin light paper, rolled into a small tube, and attached to a messenger pigeon's leg.

Homing pigeon [SEP] Postal carriage

A message may be written on thin light paper, rolled into a small tube, and attached to a messenger pigeon's leg. They will only travel to one "mentally marked" point that they have identified as their home, so "pigeon post" can only work when the sender is actually holding the receiver's pigeons. With training, pigeons can carry up to 75 g (2.5 oz) on their backs. As early as 1903, the German apothecary Julius Neubronner used carrier pigeons to both receive and deliver urgent medication. In 1977, a similar system of 30 carrier pigeons was set up for the transport of laboratory specimens between two English hospitals.


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Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: is it used in communication technology?

Context: Electrical telegraph.

Context: who invented the device?

Context: Sir William Fothergill Cooke

Context: was it used for as a postal service?

Context: Yes, a message may be written on thin light paper, rolled into a small tube, and attached to a messenger pigeon's leg.

Question: does the fiber specified above used in making sensors?

Answer: Yes, in some applications, the sensor is itself an optical fiber.

Optical fiber [SEP] Sensors

Fibers have many uses in remote sensing. In some applications, the sensor is itself an optical fiber. In other cases, fiber is used to connect a non-fiberoptic sensor to a measurement system. Depending on the application, fiber may be used because of its small size, or the fact that no electrical power is needed at the remote location, or because many sensors can be multiplexed along the length of a fiber by using different wavelengths of light for each sensor, or by sensing the time delay as light passes along the fiber through each sensor. Time delay can be determined using a device such as an "optical time-domain reflectometer".


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Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: is it used in communication technology?

Context: Electrical telegraph.

Context: who invented the device?

Context: Sir William Fothergill Cooke

Context: was it used for as a postal service?

Context: does the fiber specified above used in making sensors?

Context: Yes, in some applications, the sensor is itself an optical fiber.

Question: how is drawing related to it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Optical fiber [SEP] Sensors


Context: the number of valence electrons of the germanium element is

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Context: It is a chemical element with the symbol Ge.

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Context: It is a lustrous, hard-brittle, grayish-white metalloid.

Context: what is its atomic number?

Context: who discovered it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where can it be found?

Context: In the Earth's crust.

Context: what are some of its applications?

Context: 35% for fiber-optics, 30% infrared optics, 15% polymerization catalysts, and 15% electronics.

Context: what help does it offer in the field of optics?

Context: It is useful for wide-angle camera lenses, microscopy, and the core part of optical fibers.

Context: what does the last mentioned term refer to?

Context: A flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic.

Context: is it used in communication technology?

Context: Yes, it is used as a medium for telecommunication and computer networking.

Context: how do pigeons affect the former medium?

Context: Homing pigeons have occasionally been used throughout history by different cultures.

Context: what were other means of communication in early times?

Context: Electrical telegraph.

Context: who invented the device?

Context: Sir William Fothergill Cooke

Context: what kind of pigeons are mentioned above?

Context: It is a variety of domestic pigeons derived from the wild rock dove.

Context: was it used for as a postal service?

Context: Yes, a message may be written on thin light paper, rolled into a small tube, and attached to a messenger pigeon's leg.

Context: does the fiber specified above used in making sensors?

Context: Yes, in some applications, the sensor is itself an optical fiber.

Context: how is drawing related to it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does the aforesaid metal cause any health issues?

Answer: This metal in the environment has little or no health impact.

Germanium [SEP] Germanium and health

Germanium is not considered essential to the health of plants or animals. Germanium in the environment has little or no health impact. This is primarily because it usually occurs only as a trace element in ores and carbonaceous materials, and the various industrial and electronic applications involve very small quantities that are not likely to be ingested. For similar reasons, end-use germanium has little impact on the environment as a biohazard. Some reactive intermediate compounds of germanium are poisonous (see precautions, below). Germanium supplements, made from both organic and inorganic germanium, have been marketed as an alternative medicine capable of treating leukemia and lung cancer.


Question: what would 30 pieces of silver be worth today

Answer: Between $185 and $216 .

Thirty pieces of silver [SEP] Types of coin

The word used in Matthew 26:15 (ἀργύρια, "argyria") simply means "silver coins," and scholars disagree on the type of coins that would have been used. Donald Wiseman suggests two possibilities. They could have been tetradrachms of Tyre, usually referred to as Tyrian shekels (14 grams of 94% silver), or staters from Antioch (15 grams of 75% silver), which bore the head of Augustus. Alternatively, they could have been Ptolemaic tetradrachms (13.5 ± 1 g of 25% silver). There are 31.1035 grams per troy ounce. At spot valuation of $17.06/oz (the closing price on Monday, December 12, 2016), 30 "pieces of silver" would be worth between $185 and $216 in present-day value (USD).


Context: what would 30 pieces of silver be worth today

Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Question: what does it refers to actually?

Answer: It was the price for which Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus.

Thirty pieces of silver [SEP] Introduction

Thirty pieces of silver was the price for which Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus, according to an account in the Gospel of Matthew 26:15 in the New Testament. Before the Last Supper, Judas is said to have gone to the chief priests and agreed to hand over Jesus in exchange for 30 silver coins, and to have attempted to return the money afterwards, filled with remorse. The Gospel of Matthew claims that the subsequent purchase of the Potter's field was fulfilment, by Jesus, of a prophecy of Zechariah. The image has often been used in artwork depicting the Passion of Christ.


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: It was the price for which Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus.

Question: how is it referred in literature?

Answer: The phrase "30 pieces of silver" is used more generally to describe a price at which people sell out.

Explanation: The phrase "30 pieces of silver" is used more generally to describe a price at which people sell out. In Dostoyevsky's "Crime and Punishment"

Thirty pieces of silver [SEP] Literary references

In Dostoyevsky's "Crime and Punishment", it is echoed in the 30 roubles which the character Sonia earns for selling herself. In the folk-song "King John and the Bishop", the bishop's answer to the riddle of how much the king is worth is 29 pieces of silver, as no king is worth more than Jesus. In Shakespeare's play "Henry IV, Part 2", the mistress of Falstaff asks "and didst thou not kiss me, and bid me fetch thee thirty shillings?" The story "Treasure Trove" by F. Tennyson Jesse relates the rediscovery in modern times of the thirty pieces of silver and how they drive men to kill in varied forms including murder, manslaughter, homicide, euthanasia and suicide.


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: how is it referred in literature?

Question: is it in use in modern times?

Answer: Yes, in works like "Crime and Punishment", "Henry IV, Part 2",and  "Treasure Trove".

Explanation: In Dostoyevsky's "Crime and Punishment", it is echoed in the 30 roubles which the character Sonia earns for selling herself. In the folk-song "King John and the Bishop", the bishop's answer to the riddle of how much the king is worth is 29 pieces of silver, as no king is worth more than Jesus. In Shakespeare's play "Henry IV, Part 2", the mistress of Falstaff asks "and didst thou not kiss me, and bid me fetch thee thirty shillings?" The story "Treasure Trove" by F. Tennyson Jesse relates the rediscovery in modern times of the thirty pieces of silver and how they drive men to kill in varied forms including murder, manslaughter, homicide, euthanasia and suicide.

The 30 pieces are used in Christian literature on the betrayal of Jesus, as in the poem "Thirty Pieces of Silver" by William Blane: "Thirty pieces of silver" Burns on the traitor's brain; "Thirty pieces of silver! Oh! it is hellish gain!" or as in the poem "Matthew XXVII:9" by Jorge Luis Borges: The coin fell on my hollow hand. I could not bear it, although it was light, and I let it fall. It was all in vain. The other said: "There are still twenty nine." The phrase "30 pieces of silver" is used more generally to describe a price at which people sell out.


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: how is it referred in literature?

Context: is it in use in modern times?

Context: Yes, in works like "Crime and Punishment", "Henry IV, Part 2",and  "Treasure Trove".

Question: is this second one a drama or novel?

Answer: A drama.

Henry IV, Part 2 [SEP] Introduction

Henry IV, Part 2 is a history play by William Shakespeare believed to have been written between 1596 and 1599. It is the third part of a tetralogy, preceded by "Richard II" and "Henry IV, Part 1" and succeeded by "Henry V". The play is often seen as an extension of aspects of "Henry IV, Part 1", rather than a straightforward continuation of the historical narrative, placing more emphasis on the highly popular character of Falstaff and introducing other comic figures as part of his entourage, including Ancient Pistol, Doll Tearsheet, and Justice Robert Shallow. Several scenes specifically parallel episodes in


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: how is it referred in literature?

Context: is it in use in modern times?

Context: is this second one a drama or novel?

Context: A drama.

Question: who wrote it?

Answer: William Shakespeare.

Henry IV, Part 2 [SEP] Introduction


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: how is it referred in literature?

Context: is it in use in modern times?

Context: is this second one a drama or novel?

Context: A drama.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: William Shakespeare.

Question: who is the main protagoist here?

Answer: Prince Hal.

Henry IV, Part 2 [SEP] Synopsis

The play picks up where "Henry IV, Part 1" left off. Its focus is on Prince Hal's journey toward kingship, and his ultimate rejection of Falstaff. However, unlike "Part One", Hal's and Falstaff's stories are almost entirely separate, as the two characters meet only twice and very briefly. The tone of much of the play is elegiac, focusing on Falstaff's age and his closeness to death, which parallels that of the increasingly sick king. Falstaff is still drinking and engaging in petty criminality in the London underworld. He first appears followed by a new character, a young page whom Prince Hal has assigned him as a joke.


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: how is it referred in literature?

Context: is it in use in modern times?

Context: is this second one a drama or novel?

Context: A drama.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: William Shakespeare.

Context: who is the main protagoist here?

Context: Prince Hal.

Question: what was it adapted to?

Answer: Three BBC television films.

Henry IV, Part 2 [SEP] Adaptations

There have been three BBC television films of "Henry IV, Part 2". In the 1960 mini-series "An Age of Kings", Tom Fleming starred as Henry IV, with Robert Hardy as Prince Hal and Frank Pettingell as Falstaff. The 1979 BBC Television Shakespeare version starred Jon Finch as Henry IV, David Gwillim as Prince Hal and Anthony Quayle as Falstaff. In the 2012 series "The Hollow Crown", "Henry IV, Part I and Part II" were directed by Richard Eyre and starred Jeremy Irons as Henry IV, Tom Hiddleston as Prince Hal and Simon Russell Beale as Falstaff. Orson Welles' "Chimes at Midnight" (1965) compiles the two "Henry IV" plays into a single, condensed storyline, while adding a handful of scenes from "Henry V" and dialogue from "Richard II" and "The Merry Wives of Windsor".


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: how is it referred in literature?

Context: is it in use in modern times?

Context: is this second one a drama or novel?

Context: A drama.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: William Shakespeare.

Context: who is the main protagoist here?

Context: Prince Hal.

Context: what was it adapted to?

Context: Three BBC television films.

Question: was the above writer related to theatre?

Answer: Yes.

William Shakespeare [SEP] London and theatrical career

It is not known definitively when Shakespeare began writing, but contemporary allusions and records of performances show that several of his plays were on the London stage by 1592. By then, he was sufficiently known in London to be attacked in print by the playwright Robert Greene in his "Groats-Worth of Wit": ... there is an upstart Crow, beautified with our feathers, that with his "Tiger's heart wrapped in a Player's hide", supposes he is as well able to bombast out a blank verse as the best of you: and being an absolute "Johannes factotum", is in his own conceit the only Shake-scene in a country.


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: how is it referred in literature?

Context: is it in use in modern times?

Context: is this second one a drama or novel?

Context: A drama.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: William Shakespeare.

Context: who is the main protagoist here?

Context: Prince Hal.

Context: what was it adapted to?

Context: Three BBC television films.

Context: was the above writer related to theatre?

Context: Yes.

Question: name some of his popular works?

Answer: "Titus Andronicus", "The Comedy of Errors", "The Taming of the Shrew," and "The Two Gentlemen of Verona".

William Shakespeare [SEP] Plays

Most playwrights of the period typically collaborated with others at some point, and critics agree that Shakespeare did the same, mostly early and late in his career. The first recorded works of Shakespeare are "Richard III" and the three parts of "Henry VI", written in the early 1590s during a vogue for historical drama. Shakespeare's plays are difficult to date precisely, however, and studies of the texts suggest that "Titus Andronicus", "The Comedy of Errors", "The Taming of the Shrew," and "The Two Gentlemen of Verona" may also belong to Shakespeare's earliest period. His first histories, which draw heavily on the 1587 edition of Raphael Holinshed's "Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland", dramatise the destructive results of weak or corrupt rule and have been interpreted as a justification for the origins of the Tudor dynasty.


Context: Between $185 and $216 .

Context: what does it refers to actually?

Context: how is it referred in literature?

Context: is it in use in modern times?

Context: is this second one a drama or novel?

Context: A drama.

Context: who wrote it?

Context: William Shakespeare.

Context: who is the main protagoist here?

Context: Prince Hal.

Context: what was it adapted to?

Context: Three BBC television films.

Context: Yes.

Context: name some of his popular works?

Context: "Titus Andronicus", "The Comedy of Errors", "The Taming of the Shrew," and "The Two Gentlemen of Verona".

Question: how did he categorize the dramas he wrote?

Answer: Comedies, histories, and tragedies.

William Shakespeare [SEP] Classification of the plays

Shakespeare's works include the 36 plays printed in the First Folio of 1623, listed according to their folio classification as comedies, histories, and tragedies. Two plays not included in the First Folio, "The Two Noble Kinsmen" and "Pericles, Prince of Tyre", are now accepted as part of the canon, with today's scholars agreeing that Shakespeare made major contributions to the writing of both. No Shakespearean poems were included in the First Folio. In the late 19th century, Edward Dowden classified four of the late comedies as romances, and though many scholars prefer to call them "tragicomedies", Dowden's term is often used.


Question: what is ice drilling?

Answer: A method which allows scientists studying glaciers and ice sheets.

Ice drilling [SEP] Introduction

Ice drilling allows scientists studying glaciers and ice sheets to gain access to what is beneath the ice, to take measurements along the interior of the ice, and to retrieve samples. Instruments can be placed in the drilled holes to record temperature, pressure, speed, direction of movement, and for other scientific research, such as neutrino detection. Many different methods have been used since 1840, when the first scientific ice drilling expedition attempted to drill through the Unteraargletscher in the Alps. Two early methods were percussion, in which the ice is fractured and pulverized, and rotary drilling, a method often used in mineral exploration for rock drilling.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: A method which allows scientists studying glaciers and ice sheets.

Question: what is the former?

Answer: A persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight

Glacier [SEP] Introduction

A glacier ( or ) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. Glaciers slowly deform and flow under stresses induced by their weight, creating crevasses, seracs, and other distinguishing features. They also abrade rock and debris from their substrate to create landforms such as cirques and moraines. Glaciers form only on land and are distinct from the much thinner sea ice and lake ice that forms on the surface of bodies of water. On Earth, 99% of glacial ice is contained within vast ice sheets (also known as "continental glaciers") in the polar regions, but glaciers may be found in mountain ranges on every continent including Oceania's high-latitude oceanic island countries such as New Zealand.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: A persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight

Question: where did the term originate?

Answer: It is a loanword from French and goes back to the Vulgar Latin, derived from the Late Latin

Glacier [SEP] Etymology and related terms

The word "glacier" is a loanword from French and goes back, via Franco-Provençal, to the Vulgar Latin ', derived from the Late Latin ', and ultimately Latin "", meaning "ice". The processes and features caused by or related to glaciers are referred to as glacial. The process of glacier establishment, growth and flow is called glaciation. The corresponding area of study is called glaciology. Glaciers are important components of the global cryosphere.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: It is a loanword from French and goes back to the Vulgar Latin, derived from the Late Latin

Question: where was the first language spoken?

Answer: Mediterranean region

Vulgar Latin [SEP] Introduction

Vulgar Latin or Sermo Vulgaris ("common speech"), also Colloquial Latin, or Common Romance (particularly in the late stage), was a range of non-standard sociolects of Latin spoken in the Mediterranean region during and after the classical period of the Roman Empire. It is distinct from Classical Latin, the standard and literary version of the language. Compared to Classical Latin, written documentation of Vulgar Latin appears less standardized. Works written in Latin during classical times and the earlier Middle Ages used prescribed Classical Latin rather than Vulgar Latin, with very few exceptions (most notably sections of Gaius Petronius' "Satyricon"), thus Vulgar Latin had no official orthography of its own.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Question: how is the language related to the romans?

Answer: It was spoken during and after the classical period of the Roman Empire

Explanation: Vulgar Latin or Sermo Vulgaris ("common speech"), also Colloquial Latin, or Common Romance (particularly in the late stage), was a range of non-standard sociolects of Latin spoken in the Mediterranean region during and after the classical period of the Roman Empire

Vulgar Latin [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Context: how is the language related to the romans?

Context: It was spoken during and after the classical period of the Roman Empire

Question: what religion was followed here?

Answer: The archaic religion

Roman Empire [SEP] Religion

Religion in the Roman Empire encompassed the practices and beliefs the Romans regarded as their own, as well as the many cults imported to Rome or practiced by peoples throughout the provinces. The Romans thought of themselves as highly religious, and attributed their success as a world power to their collective piety "(pietas)" in maintaining good relations with the gods "(pax deorum)". The archaic religion believed to have been handed down from the earliest kings of Rome was the foundation of the "mos maiorum", "the way of the ancestors" or "tradition", viewed as central to Roman identity. There was no principle analogous to "separation of church and state".


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Context: what religion was followed here?

Context: The archaic religion

Question: can you name any famous ruler of this empire?

Answer: Julius Caesar

Roman Empire [SEP] Introduction

In the mid-1st century BC Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and proscriptions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC. The following year Octavian conquered Ptolemaic Egypt, ending the Hellenistic period that had begun with the conquests of Alexander the Great of Macedon in the 4th century BC. Octavian's power then became unassailable, and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title "Augustus", effectively making him the first Roman emperor.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Context: what religion was followed here?

Context: The archaic religion

Context: can you name any famous ruler of this empire?

Context: Julius Caesar

Question: did he participate in any war?

Answer: Yes, the Gallic Wars

Explanation: Caesar rose to become one of the most powerful politicians in the Roman Republic through a string of military victories in the Gallic Wars, completed by 51 BC, which greatly extended Roman territory.

Julius Caesar [SEP] Introduction

A new series of civil wars broke out and the constitutional government of the Republic was never fully restored. Caesar's adopted heir Octavian, later known as Augustus, rose to sole power after defeating his opponents in the civil war. Octavian set about solidifying his power, and the era of the Roman Empire began.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Context: what religion was followed here?

Context: The archaic religion

Context: Julius Caesar

Context: did he participate in any war?

Context: Yes, the Gallic Wars

Question: who were his opponents in this war?

Answer: Gallic tribes

Gallic Wars [SEP] Introduction

The Gallic Wars were a series of military campaigns waged by the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar against several Gallic tribes. Rome's war against the Gallic tribes lasted from 58 BC to 50 BC and culminated in the decisive Battle of Alesia in 52 BC, in which a complete Roman victory resulted in the expansion of the Roman Republic over the whole of Gaul (mainly present-day France and Belgium). While militarily just as strong as the Romans, the Gallic tribes' internal divisions helped ease victory for Caesar, and Vercingetorix's attempt to unite the Gauls against Roman invasion came too late. Although Caesar portrayed this invasion as being a preemptive and defensive action, most historians agree that the wars were fought primarily to boost Caesar's political career and to pay off his massive debts.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Context: what religion was followed here?

Context: The archaic religion

Context: Julius Caesar

Context: did he participate in any war?

Context: Yes, the Gallic Wars

Context: who were his opponents in this war?

Context: Gallic tribes

Question: was he also an author?

Answer: Yes, Caesar was regarded as one of the best orators and prose authors in Latin

Julius Caesar [SEP] Literary works

During his lifetime, Caesar was regarded as one of the best orators and prose authors in Latin —even Cicero spoke highly of Caesar's rhetoric and style. Only Caesar's war commentaries have survived. A few sentences from other works are quoted by other authors. Among his lost works are his funeral oration for his paternal aunt Julia and his "Anticato", a document written to defame Cato in response to Cicero's published praise. Poems by Julius Caesar are also mentioned in ancient sources.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Context: what religion was followed here?

Context: The archaic religion

Context: Julius Caesar

Context: did he participate in any war?

Context: Yes, the Gallic Wars

Context: who were his opponents in this war?

Context: Gallic tribes

Context: was he also an author?

Context: Yes, Caesar was regarded as one of the best orators and prose authors in Latin

Question: did he suffer from any health issues?

Answer: Yes, based on remarks by Plutarch, Caesar is sometimes thought to have suffered from epilepsy, and some scholars believe that he was plagued by malaria

Julius Caesar [SEP] Health and physical appearance

Based on remarks by Plutarch, Caesar is sometimes thought to have suffered from epilepsy. Modern scholarship is sharply divided on the subject, and some scholars believe that he was plagued by malaria, particularly during the Sullan proscriptions of the 80s. Other scholars contend his epileptic seizures were due to a parasitic infection in the brain by a tapeworm. Caesar had four documented episodes of what may have been complex partial seizures. He may additionally have had absence seizures in his youth. The earliest accounts of these seizures were made by the biographer Suetonius, who was born after Caesar died. The claim of epilepsy is countered among some medical historians by a claim of hypoglycemia, which can cause epileptoid seizures.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Context: what religion was followed here?

Context: The archaic religion

Context: Julius Caesar

Context: did he participate in any war?

Context: Yes, the Gallic Wars

Context: who were his opponents in this war?

Context: Gallic tribes

Context: was he also an author?

Context: did he suffer from any health issues?

Context: Yes, based on remarks by Plutarch, Caesar is sometimes thought to have suffered from epilepsy, and some scholars believe that he was plagued by malaria

Question: can you mention the symptoms of the first disease?

Answer: A long-term risk of recurrent seizures

Epilepsy [SEP] Signs and symptoms

Epilepsy is characterized by a long-term risk of recurrent seizures. These seizures may present in several ways depending on the part of the brain involved and the person's age.


Context: what is ice drilling?

Context: what is the former?

Context: where did the term originate?

Context: where was the first language spoken?

Context: Mediterranean region

Context: what religion was followed here?

Context: The archaic religion

Context: Julius Caesar

Context: did he participate in any war?

Context: Yes, the Gallic Wars

Context: who were his opponents in this war?

Context: Gallic tribes

Context: was he also an author?

Context: did he suffer from any health issues?

Context: can you mention the symptoms of the first disease?

Context: A long-term risk of recurrent seizures

Question: does it also affect animals?

Answer: Yes, it does affect animals, such as dogs and cats

Epilepsy [SEP] Other animals

Epilepsy occurs in a number of other animals including dogs and cats; it is in fact the most common brain disorder in dogs. It is typically treated with anticonvulsants such as phenobarbital or bromide in dogs and phenobarbital in cats. Imepitoin is also used in dogs. While generalized seizures in horses are fairly easy to diagnose, it may be more difficult in non-generalized seizures and EEGs may be useful.


Question: name two small animals that have their homes in the soil

Answer: Earthworms and Snails

Explanation: (earthworms

Soil [SEP] Uses

Soil absorbs rainwater and releases it later, thus preventing floods and drought, flood regulation being one of the major ecosystem services provided by soil. Soil cleans water as it percolates through it. Soil is the habitat for many organisms: the major part of known and unknown biodiversity is in the soil, in the form of invertebrates (earthworms, woodlice, millipedes, centipedes, snails, slugs, mites, springtails, enchytraeids, nematodes, protists), bacteria, archaea, fungi and algae; and most organisms living above ground have part of them (plants) or spend part of their life cycle (insects) below-ground. Above-ground and below-ground biodiversities are tightly interconnected, making soil protection of paramount importance for any restoration or conservation plan.


Context: name two small animals that have their homes in the soil

Context: Earthworms and Snails

Question: what is a habitat?

Answer: It is the type of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives.

Habitat [SEP] Introduction

In ecology, a habitat is the type of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives. A species's habitat is those places where the species can find food, shelter, protection and mates for reproduction. It is characterized by both physical and biological features. The physical factors may include (for example): soil, moisture, range of temperature, and light intensity. Biotic factors will include the availability of food and the presence or absence of predators. Every organism has certain habitat needs for the conditions in which it will thrive, but some are tolerant of wide variations while others are very specific in their requirements.


Context: Earthworms and Snails

Context: what is a habitat?

Context: It is the type of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives.

Question: how are environmental factors related to it?

Answer: Animal communities are reliant on specific types of plant communities.

Habitat [SEP] Environmental factors

The chief environmental factors affecting the distribution of living organisms are temperature, humidity, climate, soil and light intensity, and the presence or absence of all the requirements that the organism needs to sustain it. Generally speaking, animal communities are reliant on specific types of plant communities. Some plants and animals have habitat requirements which are met in a wide range of locations. The small white butterfly "Pieris rapae" for example is found on all the continents of the world apart from Antarctica. Its larvae feed on a wide range of "Brassicas" and various other plant species, and it thrives in any open location with diverse plant associations.


Context: Earthworms and Snails

Context: what is a habitat?

Context: how are environmental factors related to it?

Context: Animal communities are reliant on specific types of plant communities.

Question: how many different types are there?

Answer: Terrestrial habitat, Freshwater habitats, Marine habitats, deserts which favours the presence of amphibians etc

Explanation: Terrestrial habitat type

Habitat [SEP] Types

Terrestrial habitat types include forests, grasslands, wetlands and deserts. Within these broad biomes are more specific habitats with varying climate types, temperature regimes, soils, altitudes and vegetation types. Many of these habitats grade into each other and each one has its own typical communities of plants and animals. A habitat may suit a particular species well, but its presence or absence at any particular location depends to some extent on chance, on its dispersal abilities and its efficiency as a coloniser. Freshwater habitats include rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, marshes and bogs. Although some organisms are found across most of these habitats, the majority have more specific requirements.


Context: Earthworms and Snails

Context: what is a habitat?

Context: how many different types are there?

Context: Terrestrial habitat, Freshwater habitats, Marine habitats, deserts which favours the presence of amphibians etc

Question: can you please give an example of the environmental factors that you mentioned

Answer: Terrestrial habitat types include forests, grasslands, wetlands and deserts, Freshwater include rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, marshes etc, Marine include brackish water, estuaries, bays, the open sea, the intertidal zone and further variations include rock pools, sand banks, mudflats etc.

Explanation: Terrestrial habitat types include forests, grasslands, wetlands and deserts

Habitat [SEP] Types


Context: Earthworms and Snails

Context: what is a habitat?

Context: how many different types are there?

Context: can you please give an example of the environmental factors that you mentioned

Context: Terrestrial habitat types include forests, grasslands, wetlands and deserts, Freshwater include rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, marshes etc, Marine include brackish water, estuaries, bays, the open sea, the intertidal zone and further variations include rock pools, sand banks, mudflats etc.

Question: and what about the second type?

Answer: They  include rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, marshes and bogs.

Explanation: include rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, marshes and bogs.

Habitat [SEP] Types


Context: Earthworms and Snails

Context: what is a habitat?

Context: how many different types are there?

Context: and what about the second type?

Context: They  include rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, marshes and bogs.

Question: are there microhabitats?

Answer: Yes, every habitat includes large numbers of microhabitats.

Habitat [SEP] Microhabitats

A microhabitat is the small-scale physical requirements of a particular organism or population. Every habitat includes large numbers of microhabitats with subtly different exposure to light, humidity, temperature, air movement, and other factors. The lichens that grow on the north face of a boulder are different from those that grow on the south face, from those on the level top, and those that grow on the ground nearby; the lichens growing in the grooves and on the raised surfaces are different from those growing on the veins of quartz. Lurking among these miniature "forests" are the microfauna, species of invertebrate, each with its own specific habitat requirements.


Context: Earthworms and Snails

Context: what is a habitat?

Context: how many different types are there?

Context: and what about the second type?

Context: are there microhabitats?

Context: Yes, every habitat includes large numbers of microhabitats.

Question: how does the first animal that lives in the soil move?

Answer: They crawl faster primarily by taking longer "strides" and a greater frequency of strides.

Earthworm [SEP] Movement

On the surface, crawling speed varies both within and among individuals. Earthworms crawl faster primarily by taking longer "strides" and a greater frequency of strides. Larger "Lumbricus terrestris" worms crawl at a greater absolute speed than smaller worms. They achieve this by taking slightly longer strides but with slightly lower stride frequencies. Touching an earthworm, which causes a "pressure" response as well as (often) a response to the dehydrating quality of the salt on human skin (toxic to earthworms), stimulates the subepidermal nerve plexus which connects to the intermuscular plexus and causes the longitudinal muscles to contract. This causes the writhing movements observed when a human picks up an earthworm.