Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Question: talk about the cast ?

Answer: Jim Henson and the Muppets' involvement in "Sesame Street" began when he and Cooney met at one of the curriculum planning seminars in Boston.

Sesame Street [SEP] Cast, crew and characters

Shortly after the CTW was created in 1968, Joan Ganz Cooney was named its first executive director. She was one of the first female executives in American television. Her appointment was called "one of the most important television developments of the decade". She assembled a team of producers, all of whom had previously worked on "Captain Kangaroo". Jon Stone was responsible for writing, casting, and format; Dave Connell took over animation; and Sam Gibbon served as the show's chief liaison between the production staff and the research team. Cameraman Frankie Biondo worked on "Sesame Street" from its first episode. Jim Henson and the Muppets' involvement in "Sesame Street" began when he and Cooney met at one of the curriculum planning seminars in Boston.


Context: what does the number at the beginning of sesame street mean

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: It  an American educational children's television series that combines live action, sketch comedy, animation and puppetry

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: Jim Henson and the Muppets' involvement in "Sesame Street" began when he and Cooney met at one of the curriculum planning seminars in Boston.

Question: does the show have any educational goals ?

Answer: Yes, it was one of the few children's television programs to utilize a detailed and comprehensive educational curriculum, garnered from formative and summative research

Explanation: Author Malcolm Gladwell said that ""Sesame Street" was built around a single, breakthrough insight: that if you can hold the attention of children, you can educate them". Gerald S. Lesser, the CTW's first advisory board chair, went even further, saying that the effective use of television as an educational tool needed to capture, focus, and sustain children's attention. "Sesame Street" was the first children's show to structure each episode, and the segments within them, to capture children's attention, and to make, as Gladwell put it, "small but critical adjustments" to keep it. According to CTW researchers Rosemarie Truglio and Shalom Fisch, "Sesame Street" was one of the few children's television programs to utilize a detailed and comprehensive educational curriculum, garnered from formative and summative research.

Sesame Street [SEP] Educational goals


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Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: does the show have any educational goals ?

Context: Yes, it was one of the few children's television programs to utilize a detailed and comprehensive educational curriculum, garnered from formative and summative research

Question: how was the reception towards the show ?

Answer: Sesame Street" was praised from its debut in 1969. "Newsday" reported that several newspapers and magazines had written "glowing" reports about the CTW and Cooney.

Sesame Street [SEP] Critical reception

"Sesame Street" was praised from its debut in 1969. "Newsday" reported that several newspapers and magazines had written "glowing" reports about the CTW and Cooney. The press overwhelmingly praised the new show; several popular magazines and niche magazines lauded it. In 1970, "Sesame Street" won twenty awards, including a Peabody Award, three Emmys, an award from the Public Relations Society of America, a Clio, and a Prix Jeunesse. By 1995, the show had won two Peabody Awards and four Parents' Choice Awards. In addition, it was the subject of retrospectives at the Smithsonian Institution and the Museum of Modern Art.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: how was the reception towards the show ?

Context: Sesame Street" was praised from its debut in 1969. "Newsday" reported that several newspapers and magazines had written "glowing" reports about the CTW and Cooney.

Question: can you talk about how the show was funded ?

Answer: Funded by U.S. federal government, The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations, CPB, and the Ford Foundation.

Sesame Street [SEP] Funding

As a result of Cooney's initial proposal in 1968, the Carnegie Institute awarded her an $1 million grant to create a new children's television program and establish the CTW, renamed in June 2000 to Sesame Workshop (SW). Cooney and Morrisett procured additional multimillion-dollar grants from the U.S. federal government, The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations, CPB, and the Ford Foundation. Davis reported that Cooney and Morrisett decided that if they did not procure full funding from the beginning, they would drop the idea of producing the show. As Lesser reported, funds gained from a combination of government agencies and private foundations protected them from the economic pressures experienced by commercial broadcast television networks, but created challenges in procuring future funding.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: can you talk about how the show was funded ?

Context: Funded by U.S. federal government, The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations, CPB, and the Ford Foundation.

Question: talk about the last foundation mentioned above ?

Answer: It  is an American private foundation with the mission of advancing human welfare.

Ford Foundation [SEP] Introduction

The Ford Foundation is an American private foundation with the mission of advancing human welfare. Created in 1936 by Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford, it was originally funded by a US$25,000 gift from Edsel Ford. By 1947, after the death of the two founders, the foundation owned 90% of the non-voting shares of the Ford Motor Company. (The Ford family retained the voting shares.) Between 1955 and 1974, the foundation sold its Ford Motor Company holdings and now plays no role in the automobile company. Ahead of the foundation selling its Ford Motor Company holdings, in 1949 Henry Ford II created the Ford Motor Company Fund, a separate corporate foundation which to this day serves as the philanthropic arm of the Ford Motor Company and is not associated with the foundation.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: talk about the last foundation mentioned above ?

Context: It  is an American private foundation with the mission of advancing human welfare.

Question: who established it ?

Answer: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Explanation: Created in 1936 by Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford,

Ford Foundation [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: who established it ?

Context: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Question: what was its response to covid-19 ?

Answer: Ford Foundation decided to raise $1 billion through a combination of 30 and 50- year bonds. The main aim was to help nonprofits hit by the pandemic.

Explanation: In June 2020, Ford Foundation decided to raise $1 billion through a combination of 30 and 50- year bonds. The main aim was to help nonprofits hit by the pandemic.

Ford Foundation [SEP] COVID-19 response


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: who established it ?

Context: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Context: what was its response to covid-19 ?

Context: Ford Foundation decided to raise $1 billion through a combination of 30 and 50- year bonds. The main aim was to help nonprofits hit by the pandemic.

Question: how did it contribute towards aids epidemic ?

Answer: It made grant disbursements totalling US$29,512,312

Ford Foundation [SEP] AIDS epidemic

In 1987, the foundation began making grants to fight the AIDS epidemic and in 2010 made grant disbursements totalling US$29,512,312.


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Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: who established it ?

Context: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Context: what was its response to covid-19 ?

Context: how did it contribute towards aids epidemic ?

Context: It made grant disbursements totalling US$29,512,312

Question: can you talk about its microcredit ?

Answer: The  foundation helped launch the Grameen Bank, which offers small loans to the rural poor of Bangladesh. The Grameen Bank and its founder Muhammad Yunus were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for pioneering microcredit

Explanation: In 1976, the foundation helped launch the Grameen Bank, which offers small loans to the rural poor of Bangladesh. The Grameen Bank and its founder Muhammad Yunus were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for pioneering microcredit.

Ford Foundation [SEP] Microcredit


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: who established it ?

Context: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Context: what was its response to covid-19 ?

Context: can you talk about its microcredit ?

Context: The  foundation helped launch the Grameen Bank, which offers small loans to the rural poor of Bangladesh. The Grameen Bank and its founder Muhammad Yunus were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for pioneering microcredit

Question: what is its relationship towards the united states government ?

Answer: The foundation was accused of being funded by the US government.

Ford Foundation [SEP] Relationship with the United States Government

The foundation was accused of being funded by the US government. John J. McCloy, the foundation's chairman from 1958–1965, knowingly employed numerous agents and, based on the premise that a relationship with the CIA was inevitable, set up a three-person committee responsible for dealing with its requests. Writer and activist Arundhati Roy connects the foundation, along with the Rockefeller Foundation, with supporting imperialist efforts by the U.S. government during the Cold War. Roy links the Ford Foundation's establishment of a economics course at the Indonesian University with aligning students with the 1965 coup that installed Suharto as president.


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Context: what is this street ?

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: who established it ?

Context: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Context: what was its response to covid-19 ?

Context: can you talk about its microcredit ?

Context: what is its relationship towards the united states government ?

Context: The foundation was accused of being funded by the US government.

Question: talk about its investments ?

Answer: Ranked No. 24 on the Forbes 2018 World's Most Innovative Companies list,  according to Forbes, "Ford spends between $500 million and $550 million a year to support social justice work around the world

Ford Foundation [SEP] Mission-related investments

Ranked No. 24 on the Forbes 2018 World's Most Innovative Companies list, the Ford Foundation utilized its endowment to invest in innovative and sustainable change leadership shifting the model of grant-making in the 21st century. According to Forbes, "Ford spends between $500 million and $550 million a year to support social justice work around the world. But last year, it also pledged to plow up to $1 billion of its overall $12.5 billion endowment over the next decade into impact investing via mission-related investments (MRIs) that generate both financial and social returns." Foundation President Darren Walker wrote in an op-ed in the New York Times that the grant-making philanthropy of institutions like the Ford Foundation "must not only be generosity, but justice." The Ford Foundation seeks to address "the underlying causes that perpetuate human suffering" to grapple with and intervene in ""how" and "why"" inequality persists.


Context: what does the number at the beginning of sesame street mean

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: It  an American educational children's television series that combines live action, sketch comedy, animation and puppetry

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: Jim Henson and the Muppets' involvement in "Sesame Street" began when he and Cooney met at one of the curriculum planning seminars in Boston.

Context: does the show have any educational goals ?

Context: Yes, it was one of the few children's television programs to utilize a detailed and comprehensive educational curriculum, garnered from formative and summative research

Context: how was the reception towards the show ?

Context: Sesame Street" was praised from its debut in 1969. "Newsday" reported that several newspapers and magazines had written "glowing" reports about the CTW and Cooney.

Context: can you talk about how the show was funded ?

Context: Funded by U.S. federal government, The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations, CPB, and the Ford Foundation.

Context: talk about the last foundation mentioned above ?

Context: It  is an American private foundation with the mission of advancing human welfare.

Context: who established it ?

Context: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Context: what was its response to covid-19 ?

Context: Ford Foundation decided to raise $1 billion through a combination of 30 and 50- year bonds. The main aim was to help nonprofits hit by the pandemic.

Context: how did it contribute towards aids epidemic ?

Context: It made grant disbursements totalling US$29,512,312

Context: can you talk about its microcredit ?

Context: The  foundation helped launch the Grameen Bank, which offers small loans to the rural poor of Bangladesh. The Grameen Bank and its founder Muhammad Yunus were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for pioneering microcredit

Context: what is its relationship towards the united states government ?

Context: The foundation was accused of being funded by the US government.

Context: talk about its investments ?

Context: Ranked No. 24 on the Forbes 2018 World's Most Innovative Companies list,  according to Forbes, "Ford spends between $500 million and $550 million a year to support social justice work around the world

Question: talk about what grants it gives ?

Answer: The  foundation expanded its grant making to include support for higher education, the arts, economic development, civil rights, and the environment, among other areas

Explanation: Based on recommendations made by the Gaither Study Committee and embraced by the foundation's board of trustees in 1949, the foundation expanded its grant making to include support for higher education, the arts, economic development, civil rights, and the environment, among other areas.

Ford Foundation [SEP] Major grants and initiatives


Context: what does the number at the beginning of sesame street mean

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: It  an American educational children's television series that combines live action, sketch comedy, animation and puppetry

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: Jim Henson and the Muppets' involvement in "Sesame Street" began when he and Cooney met at one of the curriculum planning seminars in Boston.

Context: does the show have any educational goals ?

Context: Yes, it was one of the few children's television programs to utilize a detailed and comprehensive educational curriculum, garnered from formative and summative research

Context: how was the reception towards the show ?

Context: Sesame Street" was praised from its debut in 1969. "Newsday" reported that several newspapers and magazines had written "glowing" reports about the CTW and Cooney.

Context: can you talk about how the show was funded ?

Context: Funded by U.S. federal government, The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations, CPB, and the Ford Foundation.

Context: talk about the last foundation mentioned above ?

Context: It  is an American private foundation with the mission of advancing human welfare.

Context: who established it ?

Context: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Context: what was its response to covid-19 ?

Context: Ford Foundation decided to raise $1 billion through a combination of 30 and 50- year bonds. The main aim was to help nonprofits hit by the pandemic.

Context: how did it contribute towards aids epidemic ?

Context: It made grant disbursements totalling US$29,512,312

Context: can you talk about its microcredit ?

Context: The  foundation helped launch the Grameen Bank, which offers small loans to the rural poor of Bangladesh. The Grameen Bank and its founder Muhammad Yunus were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for pioneering microcredit

Context: what is its relationship towards the united states government ?

Context: The foundation was accused of being funded by the US government.

Context: talk about its investments ?

Context: Ranked No. 24 on the Forbes 2018 World's Most Innovative Companies list,  according to Forbes, "Ford spends between $500 million and $550 million a year to support social justice work around the world

Context: talk about what grants it gives ?

Context: The  foundation expanded its grant making to include support for higher education, the arts, economic development, civil rights, and the environment, among other areas

Question: how is it related to israel ?

Answer: The foundation's partnership with the New Israel Fund, which began in 2003, was frequently criticized regarding its choice of mostly liberal grantees and causes.

Ford Foundation [SEP] Criteria for Palestinian grantmaking

In 2003, the foundation was critiqued by US news service Jewish Telegraphic Agency, among others, for supporting Palestinian nongovernmental organizations that were accused of promoting antisemitism at the 2001 World Conference Against Racism. Under pressure by several members of Congress, chief among them Rep. Jerrold Nadler, the foundation apologized and then prohibited the promotion of "violence, terrorism, bigotry or the destruction of any state" among its grantees. This move itself sparked protest among university provosts and various non-profit groups on free speech issues. The foundation's partnership with the New Israel Fund, which began in 2003, was frequently criticized regarding its choice of mostly liberal grantees and causes.


Context: what does the number at the beginning of sesame street mean

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this street ?

Context: It  an American educational children's television series that combines live action, sketch comedy, animation and puppetry

Context: when was it introduced ?

Context: November 10, 1969

Context: talk about the cast ?

Context: Jim Henson and the Muppets' involvement in "Sesame Street" began when he and Cooney met at one of the curriculum planning seminars in Boston.

Context: does the show have any educational goals ?

Context: Yes, it was one of the few children's television programs to utilize a detailed and comprehensive educational curriculum, garnered from formative and summative research

Context: how was the reception towards the show ?

Context: Sesame Street" was praised from its debut in 1969. "Newsday" reported that several newspapers and magazines had written "glowing" reports about the CTW and Cooney.

Context: can you talk about how the show was funded ?

Context: Funded by U.S. federal government, The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations, CPB, and the Ford Foundation.

Context: talk about the last foundation mentioned above ?

Context: It  is an American private foundation with the mission of advancing human welfare.

Context: who established it ?

Context: Edsel Ford and his father Henry Ford

Context: what was its response to covid-19 ?

Context: Ford Foundation decided to raise $1 billion through a combination of 30 and 50- year bonds. The main aim was to help nonprofits hit by the pandemic.

Context: how did it contribute towards aids epidemic ?

Context: It made grant disbursements totalling US$29,512,312

Context: can you talk about its microcredit ?

Context: The  foundation helped launch the Grameen Bank, which offers small loans to the rural poor of Bangladesh. The Grameen Bank and its founder Muhammad Yunus were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for pioneering microcredit

Context: what is its relationship towards the united states government ?

Context: The foundation was accused of being funded by the US government.

Context: talk about its investments ?

Context: Ranked No. 24 on the Forbes 2018 World's Most Innovative Companies list,  according to Forbes, "Ford spends between $500 million and $550 million a year to support social justice work around the world

Context: talk about what grants it gives ?

Context: The  foundation expanded its grant making to include support for higher education, the arts, economic development, civil rights, and the environment, among other areas

Context: how is it related to israel ?

Context: The foundation's partnership with the New Israel Fund, which began in 2003, was frequently criticized regarding its choice of mostly liberal grantees and causes.

Question: the father of the founder you mentioned above was he involved in airlines ?

Answer: Ford entered the aviation business during World War I

Henry Ford [SEP] Ford Airplane Company

Like other automobile companies, Ford entered the aviation business during World War I, building Liberty engines. After the war, it returned to auto manufacturing until 1925, when Ford acquired the Stout Metal Airplane Company. Ford's most successful aircraft was the Ford 4AT Trimotor, often called the "Tin Goose" because of its corrugated metal construction. It used a new alloy called Alclad that combined the corrosion resistance of aluminum with the strength of duralumin. The plane was similar to Fokker's V.VII-3m, and some say that Ford's engineers surreptitiously measured the Fokker plane and then copied it. The Trimotor first flew on June 11, 1926, and was the first successful U.S.


Question: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Answer: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Explanation:
Sir Ian Murray McKellen (born 25 May 1939) is an English actor. His career spans genres ranging from Shakespearean and modern theatre to popular fantasy and science fiction.
He is the recipient of six Laurence Olivier Awards, a Tony Award, a Golden Globe Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, a BIF Award, two Saturn Awards, four Drama Desk Awards, and two Critics' Choice Awards. He has also received nominations for two Academy Awards, five Primetime Emmy Awards, and four BAFTAs.
He achieved worldwide fame for his film roles, including the titular King in "Richard III" (1995), James Whale in "Gods and Monsters" (1998), Magneto in the "X-Men" films, and Gandalf in "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit" trilogies.

Ian McKellen [SEP] Introduction


Context:
who plays gandolf in lord of the rings
Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Question: what was his debut movie?

Answer: A Touch of Love

Ian McKellen [SEP] Popular success

McKellen had taken film roles throughout his career—beginning in 1969 with his role of George Matthews in "A Touch of Love", and his first leading role was in 1980 as D. H. Lawrence in "Priest of Love", but it was not until the 1990s that he became more widely recognised in this medium after several roles in blockbuster Hollywood films. In 1993, he had a supporting role as a South African tycoon in the critically acclaimed "Six Degrees of Separation", in which he starred with Stockard Channing, Donald Sutherland, and Will Smith. In the same year, he appeared in minor roles in the television miniseries "Tales of the City", based on the novel by his friend Armistead Maupin, and the film "Last Action Hero", in which he briefly played Death opposite Arnold Schwarzenegger and Charles Dance.


Context:
who plays gandolf in lord of the rings
Sir Ian Murray McKellen
what was his debut movie?
A Touch of Love

Question: can you name some of the most acclaimed stage productions he has acted in?

Answer: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Explanation:
After four years in regional repertory theatres he made his first West End appearance, in "A Scent of Flowers", regarded as a "notable success". In 1965 he was a member of Laurence Olivier's National Theatre Company at the Old Vic, which led to roles at the Chichester Festival. With the Prospect Theatre Company, McKellen made his breakthrough performances of Richard II (directed by Richard Cottrell) and Marlowe's Edward II (directed by Toby Robertson) at the Edinburgh festival in 1969, the latter causing a storm of protest over the enactment of the homosexual Edward's lurid death.

In the 1970s and 1980s McKellen became a well-known figure in British theatre, performing frequently at the Royal Shakespeare Company and the Royal National Theatre, where he played several leading Shakespearean roles, including the title role in "Macbeth" (which he had first played for Trevor Nunn in a "gripping...out of the ordinary" production, with Judi Dench, at Stratford in 1976), and Iago in "Othello"

Ian McKellen [SEP] Theatre

McKellen made his first professional appearance in 1961 at the Belgrade Theatre, as Roper in "A Man for All Seasons", although an audio recording of the Marlowe Society's "Cymbeline" had gone on commercial sale as part of the Argo Shakespeare series. After four years in regional repertory theatres he made his first West End appearance, in "A Scent of Flowers", regarded as a "notable success". In 1965 he was a member of Laurence Olivier's National Theatre Company at the Old Vic, which led to roles at the Chichester Festival. With the Prospect Theatre Company, McKellen made his breakthrough performances of Richard II (directed by Richard Cottrell) and Marlowe's Edward II (directed by Toby Robertson) at the Edinburgh festival in 1969, the latter causing a storm of protest over the enactment of the homosexual Edward's lurid death.


Context: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Context: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Context: what was his debut movie?

Context: A Touch of Love

Context: can you name some of the most acclaimed stage productions he has acted in?

Context: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Question: is he involved in queer activism?

Answer: Yes -  LGBT rights. He is co-founder of Stonewall, an LGBT rights lobby group in the United Kingdom

Explanation:
McKellen has continued to be very active in LGBT rights efforts. In a statement on his website regarding his activism, the actor commented that:
McKellen is a co-founder of Stonewall, an LGBT rights lobby group in the United Kingdom, named after the Stonewall riots. McKellen is also patron of LGBT History Month, Pride London, Oxford Pride, GAY-GLOS, LGBT Foundation, and FFLAG where he appears in their video "Parents Talking"

Ian McKellen [SEP] LGBT rights campaigning

Section 28 was, however, enacted and remained on the statute books until 2000 in Scotland and 2003 in England and Wales. Section 28 never applied in Northern Ireland. In 2003, during an appearance on "Have I Got News For You", McKellen claimed when he visited Michael Howard, then Environment Secretary (responsible for local government), in 1988 to lobby against Section 28, Howard refused to change his position but did ask him to leave an autograph for his children. McKellen agreed, but wrote, "Fuck off, I'm gay." McKellen described Howard's junior ministers, Conservatives David Wilshire and Dame Jill Knight, who were the architects of Section 28, as the 'ugly sisters' of a political pantomime.


Context: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Context: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Context: what was his debut movie?

Context: A Touch of Love

Context: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Context: is he involved in queer activism?

Context: Yes -  LGBT rights. He is co-founder of Stonewall, an LGBT rights lobby group in the United Kingdom

Question: what is this group named after?

Answer: Named after the Stonewall riots

McKellen has continued to be very active in LGBT rights efforts. In a statement on his website regarding his activism, the actor commented that: McKellen is a co-founder of Stonewall, an LGBT rights lobby group in the United Kingdom, named after the Stonewall riots. McKellen is also patron of LGBT History Month, Pride London, Oxford Pride, GAY-GLOS, LGBT Foundation, and FFLAG where he appears in their video "Parents Talking".


Context: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Context: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Context: what was his debut movie?

Context: A Touch of Love

Context: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Context: is he involved in queer activism?

Context: what is this group named after?

Context: Named after the Stonewall riots

Question: when did it happen?

Answer: June 28, 1969

Explanation: The Stonewall riots (also referred to as the Stonewall uprising or the Stonewall rebellion) were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay (LGBT) community in response to a police raid that began in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. Patrons of the Stonewall, other Village lesbian and gay bars and neighborhood street people fought back when the police became violent. The riots are widely considered to constitute one of the most important events leading to the gay liberation movement and the twentieth century fight for LGBT rights in the United States.

Stonewall riots [SEP] Introduction

At the time, the Stonewall Inn was owned by the Mafia. It catered to an assortment of patrons and was known to be popular among the poorest and most marginalized people in the gay community: butch lesbians, effeminate young men, drag queens, male prostitutes, transgender people, and homeless youth. While police raids on gay bars were routine in the 1960s, officers quickly lost control of the situation at the Stonewall Inn on June 28. Tensions between New York City police and gay residents of Greenwich Village erupted into more protests the next evening, and again several nights later. Within weeks, Village residents quickly organized into activist groups to concentrate efforts on establishing places for gay men and lesbians to be open about their sexual orientation without fear of being arrested.


Context: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Context: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Context: what was his debut movie?

Context: A Touch of Love

Context: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Context: is he involved in queer activism?

Context: what is this group named after?

Context: Named after the Stonewall riots

Context: when did it happen?

Context: June 28, 1969

Question: why?

Answer: It was a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay (LGBT) community in response to a police raid at the Stonewall Inn, New York City.

Stonewall riots [SEP] Introduction


Context: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Context: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Context: what was his debut movie?

Context: A Touch of Love

Context: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Context: is he involved in queer activism?

Context: what is this group named after?

Context: Named after the Stonewall riots

Context: when did it happen?

Context: June 28, 1969

Context: why?

Context: It was a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay (LGBT) community in response to a police raid at the Stonewall Inn, New York City.

Question: were there any other such upheavals prior to this one?

Answer: Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people staged a small riot at the Cooper Do-nuts cafe in Los Angeles in 1959 in response to police harassment.

Stonewall riots [SEP] Earlier resistance and riots

Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people staged a small riot at the Cooper Do-nuts cafe in Los Angeles in 1959 in response to police harassment. In a larger 1966 event in San Francisco, drag queens, hustlers, and trans women were sitting in Compton's Cafeteria when the police arrived to arrest people appearing to be physically male who were dressed as women. A riot ensued, with the cafeteria patrons slinging cups, plates, and saucers, and breaking the plexiglass windows in the front of the restaurant, and returning several days later to smash the windows again after they were replaced. Professor Susan Stryker classifies the Compton's Cafeteria riot as an "act of anti-transgender discrimination, rather than an act of discrimination against sexual orientation" and connects the uprising to the issues of gender, race, and class that were being downplayed by homophile organizations.


Context: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Context: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Context: what was his debut movie?

Context: A Touch of Love

Context: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Context: is he involved in queer activism?

Context: what is this group named after?

Context: Named after the Stonewall riots

Context: when did it happen?

Context: June 28, 1969

Context: why?

Context: were there any other such upheavals prior to this one?

Context: Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people staged a small riot at the Cooper Do-nuts cafe in Los Angeles in 1959 in response to police harassment.

Question: were any parades or marches organised after the aforementioned event?

Answer: Yes - on June 28, 1970 marches in Los Angeles and Chicago took place

Stonewall riots [SEP] Gay Pride

Christopher Street Liberation Day on June 28, 1970 marked the first anniversary of the Stonewall riots with an assembly on Christopher Street; with simultaneous Gay Pride marches in Los Angeles and Chicago, these were the first Gay Pride marches in U.S. history. The next year, Gay Pride marches took place in Boston, Dallas, Milwaukee, London, Paris, West Berlin, and Stockholm. The march in New York covered 51 blocks, from Christopher Street to Central Park. The march took less than half the scheduled time due to excitement, but also due to wariness about walking through the city with gay banners and signs.


Context: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Context: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Context: what was his debut movie?

Context: A Touch of Love

Context: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Context: is he involved in queer activism?

Context: what is this group named after?

Context: Named after the Stonewall riots

Context: when did it happen?

Context: June 28, 1969

Context: why?

Context: were any parades or marches organised after the aforementioned event?

Context: Yes - on June 28, 1970 marches in Los Angeles and Chicago took place

Question: how has this event been commemorated?

Answer: Stonewall Day was announced as a commemoration day; 51 and 53 Christopher Street and the surrounding area in Greenwich Village was designated to be on the National Register of Historic Places, the first of significance to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community.

Explanation: In 2018, 49 years after the uprising, Stonewall Day was announced as a commemoration day by Pride Live, a social advocacy and community engagement organization. The second Stonewall Day was held on Friday, June 28, 2019, outside the Stonewall Inn. During this event, Pride Live introduced their Stonewall Ambassadors program, to raise awareness for the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots. Those appearing at the event included: Geena Rocero, First Lady of New York City Chirlane McCray, Josephine Skriver, Wilson Cruz, Ryan Jamaal Swain, Angelica Ross, Donatella Versace, Conchita Wurst, Bob the Drag Queen, Whoopi Goldberg, and Lady Gaga, with performances by Alex Newell and Alicia Keys.

Stonewall riots [SEP] Stonewall Day


Context: who plays gandolf in lord of the rings

Context: Sir Ian Murray McKellen

Context: what was his debut movie?

Context: A Touch of Love

Context: A Scent of Flowers, Macbeth, Othello

Context: is he involved in queer activism?

Context: what is this group named after?

Context: Named after the Stonewall riots

Context: when did it happen?

Context: June 28, 1969

Context: why?

Context: how has this event been commemorated?

Context: Stonewall Day was announced as a commemoration day; 51 and 53 Christopher Street and the surrounding area in Greenwich Village was designated to be on the National Register of Historic Places, the first of significance to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community.

Question: which state does this area fall under?

Answer: New York

Christopher Street [SEP] Introduction

Christopher Street is a street in the West Village neighborhood of the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is the continuation of 9th Street west of Sixth Avenue. It is most notable for the Stonewall Inn, which was located on Christopher Street. As a result of the Stonewall riots in 1969, the street became the center of New York State's gay rights movement in the late 1970s. To this day, the inn and the street serve as an international symbol of gay pride. Christopher Street is named after Charles Christopher Amos, the owner of the inherited estate which included the location of the street.


Question: how many season did michael jordan play baseball

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Michael Jordan [SEP] Introduction

Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials MJ, is an American former professional basketball player and the principal owner of the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played 15 seasons in the NBA, winning six championships with the Chicago Bulls. His biography on the official NBA website states: "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time." He was integral in helping to popularize the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s, becoming a global cultural icon in the process. Jordan played college basketball for three seasons under coach Dean Smith with the North Carolina Tar Heels.


Context: how many season did michael jordan play baseball

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is he known for being?

Answer: A former professional basketball player

Explanation: Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials MJ, is an American former professional basketball player and the principal owner of the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Michael Jordan [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Question: where is he from?

Answer: New York City, United States

Michael Jordan [SEP] Early life

Michael Jeffrey Jordan was born at Cumberland Hospital in the Fort Greene neighborhood of New York City's Brooklyn borough on February 17, 1963, the son of bank employee Deloris (née Peoples) and equipment supervisor James R. Jordan Sr. In 1968, he moved with his family to Wilmington, North Carolina. Jordan attended Emsley A. Laney High School in Wilmington, where he highlighted his athletic career by playing basketball, baseball, and football. He tried out for the varsity basketball team during his sophomore year but, at 5'11" (1.80 m), he was deemed too short to play at that level. His taller friend, Harvest Leroy Smith, was the only sophomore to make the team.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Question: what did he start he career as during his college years?

Answer: He played college basketball

Explanation: Jordan played college basketball for three seasons under coach Dean Smith with the North Carolina Tar Heels.

Michael Jordan [SEP] Introduction

He holds the NBA records for career regular season scoring average (30.12 points per game) and career playoff scoring average (33.45 points per game). In 1999, he was named the 20th century's greatest North American athlete by ESPN, and was second to Babe Ruth on the Associated Press' list of athletes of the century. Jordan was twice inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, once in 2009 for his individual career and again in 2010 as part of the 1992 United States men's Olympic basketball team ("The Dream Team"). He became a member of the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2015.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: what did he start he career as during his college years?

Context: He played college basketball

Question: under whose team did he play?

Answer: North Carolina Tar Heels

Michael Jordan [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Question: did he win any games during that time?

Answer: Yes - in the 1982 NCAA Championship game against Georgetown

Michael Jordan [SEP] College career

As a freshman in coach Dean Smith's team-oriented system, he was named ACC Freshman of the Year after he averaged 13.4 ppg on 53.4% shooting (field goal percentage). He made the game-winning jump shot in the 1982 NCAA Championship game against Georgetown, which was led by future NBA rival Patrick Ewing. Jordan later described this shot as the major turning point in his basketball career. During his three seasons with the Tar Heels, he averaged 17.7 ppg on 54.0% shooting, and added 5.0 rpg. He was selected by consensus to the NCAA All-American First Team in both his sophomore (1983) and junior (1984) seasons.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: Yes - in the 1982 NCAA Championship game against Georgetown

Question: did he ever join a basketball association?

Answer: Yes - he played for Chicago Bull which is part of the National Basketball Association (NBA)

Explanation: The Chicago Bulls selected Jordan with the third overall pick of the 1984 NBA draft, after Hakeem Olajuwon (Houston Rockets) and Sam Bowie (Portland Trail Blazers). One of the primary reasons why Jordan was not drafted sooner was because the first two teams were in need of a center. However, Trail Blazers general manager Stu Inman contended that it was not a matter of drafting a center, but more a matter of taking Sam Bowie over Jordan, in part because Portland already had Clyde Drexler, who was a guard with similar skills to Jordan. ESPN, citing Bowie's injury-laden college career, named the Blazers' choice of Bowie as the worst draft pick in North American professional sports history.

Michael Jordan [SEP] Early NBA years (1984–1987)


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: did he ever join a basketball association?

Context: Yes - he played for Chicago Bull which is part of the National Basketball Association (NBA)

Question: when was this association founded?

Answer: June 6, 1946

National Basketball Association [SEP] Introduction

The National Basketball Association (NBA) is an American men's professional basketball league. It is composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada) and is one of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. It is the premier men's professional basketball league in the world. The league was founded in New York City on June 6, 1946, as the Basketball Association of America (BAA). It changed its name to the National Basketball Association on August 3, 1949, after merging with the competing National Basketball League (NBL). The NBA's regular season runs from October to April, with each team playing 82 games.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: when was this association founded?

Context: June 6, 1946

Question: which teams were a part of this association?

Answer: New York Knicks, Boston Celtics, Philadelphia Warriors

Explanation: The new league had seventeen franchises located in a mix of large and small cities, as well as large arenas and smaller gymnasiums and armories. In 1950, the NBA consolidated to eleven franchises, a process that continued until 1953–54, when the league reached its smallest size of eight franchises: the New York Knicks, Boston Celtics, Philadelphia Warriors, Minneapolis Lakers, Rochester Royals, Fort Wayne Pistons, Tri-Cities Blackhawks, and Syracuse Nationals, all of which remain in the league today. The process of contraction saw the league's smaller-city franchises move to larger cities. The Hawks shifted from the Tri-Cities to Milwaukee in 1951, and then to St. Louis in 1955. The Rochester Royals moved from Rochester, New York, to Cincinnati in 1957 and the Pistons moved from Fort Wayne, Indiana, to Detroit in 1957.

National Basketball Association [SEP] Creation and BAA–NBL merger (1946–1956)

In deference to the merger and to avoid possible legal complications, the league name was changed to the present National Basketball Association, even though the merged league retained the BAA's governing body, including Maurice Podoloff as president. To this day, the NBA claims the BAA's history as its own. It now reckons the arrival of the NBL teams as an expansion, not a merger, and does not recognize NBL records and statistics. The new league had seventeen franchises located in a mix of large and small cities, as well as large arenas and smaller gymnasiums and armories. In 1950, the NBA consolidated to eleven franchises, a process that continued until 1953–54, when the league reached its smallest size of eight franchises: the New York Knicks, Boston Celtics, Philadelphia Warriors, Minneapolis Lakers, Rochester Royals, Fort Wayne Pistons, Tri-Cities Blackhawks, and Syracuse Nationals, all of which remain in the league today.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: when was this association founded?

Context: June 6, 1946

Context: which teams were a part of this association?

Context: New York Knicks, Boston Celtics, Philadelphia Warriors

Question: was it also a part of any tournaments?

Answer: Yes - it played against the continental champions of the FIBA in the McDonald's Championship

Explanation: The National Basketball Association has sporadically participated in international club competitions. From 1987 to 1999 the NBA champions played against the continental champions of the FIBA in the McDonald's Championship. This tournament was won by the NBA invitee every year it was held.

National Basketball Association [SEP] International competitions


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: when was this association founded?

Context: June 6, 1946

Context: was it also a part of any tournaments?

Context: Yes - it played against the continental champions of the FIBA in the McDonald's Championship

Question: did the player make a comeback between 2001-2003?

Answer: Yes - to play for the Washington Wizards

Michael Jordan [SEP] Washington Wizards comeback (2001–2003)

On September 25, 2001, Jordan announced his return to the NBA to play for the Washington Wizards, indicating his intention to donate his salary as a player to a relief effort for the victims of the September 11 attacks. In an injury-plagued 2001–02 season, he led the team in scoring (22.9 ppg), assists (5.2 apg), and steals (1.42 spg). However, torn cartilage in his right knee ended Jordan's season after only 60 games, the fewest he had played in a regular season since playing 17 games after returning from his first retirement during the 1994–95 season. Jordan started 53 of his 60 games for the season, averaging 24.3 points, 5.4 assists, and 6.0 rebounds, and shooting 41.9% from the field in his 53 starts.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: when was this association founded?

Context: June 6, 1946

Context: was it also a part of any tournaments?

Context: did the player make a comeback between 2001-2003?

Context: Yes - to play for the Washington Wizards

Question: did he have own any team?

Answer: Yes - .Charlotte Hornets

Michael Jordan [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: when was this association founded?

Context: June 6, 1946

Context: was it also a part of any tournaments?

Context: did he have own any team?

Context: Yes - .Charlotte Hornets

Question: did he also act in any film or television show?

Answer: Yes - in the 1996 comedy film "Space Jam".

Michael Jordan [SEP] Film and television

Jordan played himself in the 1996 comedy film "Space Jam". The film was a box office success, making $230 million worldwide, although the reviews were mixed. In 2000, Jordan was the subject of an IMAX documentary about his career with the Chicago Bulls, especially the 1998 championship season, entitled "Michael Jordan to the Max". Two decades later, the same period of Jordan's life was covered in much greater and more personal detail by "The Last Dance", a 10-part TV documentary which debuted on ESPN in April and May 2020. "The Last Dance" relied heavily on about 500 hours of candid film of Jordan's and his teammates' off-court activities which an NBA Entertainment crew had shot over the course of the 1997–98 NBA season for use in a documentary.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: when was this association founded?

Context: June 6, 1946

Context: was it also a part of any tournaments?

Context: did he have own any team?

Context: Yes - .Charlotte Hornets

Context: did he also act in any film or television show?

Context: Yes - in the 1996 comedy film "Space Jam".

Question: and who was the producer of this film?

Answer: Ivan Reitman

Ivan Reitman [SEP] Introduction

Ivan Reitman, (born October 27, 1946) is a Czechoslovak-Canadian film and television director, producer and screenwriter. He is best known for his comedy work, especially in the 1980s and 1990s. He is the owner of The Montecito Picture Company, founded in 1998. Notable films he has directed include "Meatballs" (1979), "Stripes" (1981), "Ghostbusters" (1984), "Ghostbusters II" (1989), "Twins" (1988), "Kindergarten Cop" (1990), "Dave" (1993) and "Junior" (1994). Reitman has also served as producer for such films as "Animal House" (1978), "Beethoven" (1992), "Space Jam" (1996), "Private Parts" (1997).


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is he known for being?

Context: A former professional basketball player

Context: where is he from?

Context: New York City, United States

Context: He played college basketball

Context: under whose team did he play?

Context: North Carolina Tar Heels

Context: did he win any games during that time?

Context: when was this association founded?

Context: June 6, 1946

Context: was it also a part of any tournaments?

Context: did he have own any team?

Context: Yes - .Charlotte Hornets

Context: and who was the producer of this film?

Context: Ivan Reitman

Question: can you name some characters from this film?

Answer: Michael Jordan, Mr. Swackhammer, Bugs Bunny

Explanation: In 1973, a young Michael Jordan tells his father that he wants to go to The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to play in the championship team, then go to the NBA. A compilation of highlights from Jordan's basketball career, which includes highlights from high school, college, the 1984 and the 1992 Olympics, and the Chicago Bulls, is followed by an excerpt from the 1993 press conference in which Jordan announced his retirement from professional basketball, to pursue a career in baseball, in which Jordan is popular, but less skilled. Meanwhile, in outer space, the amusement park Moron Mountain faces decline. Its owner, Mr. Swackhammer, sends his diminutive minions, the Nerdlucks, to Earth to abduct the Looney Tunes as a new attraction. Upon the Nerdlucks' arrival, Bugs Bunny and the other Looney Tunes take advantage of the Nerdlucks' small stature and challenge them to a game of basketball. Through a documentary of basketball, the Nerdlucks learn that the sport's best players

Space Jam [SEP] Plot


Question: who was the last person executed by firing squad

Answer: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Ronnie Lee Gardner [SEP] Introduction

Ronnie Lee Gardner (January 16, 1961 – June 18, 2010) was an American criminal who received the death penalty for killing a man during an attempted escape from a courthouse in 1985, and was executed by a firing squad by the state of Utah in 2010. Gardner's case spent nearly 25 years in the court system, prompting the Utah House of Representatives to introduce legislation to limit the number of appeals in capital cases. In October 1984, Gardner killed Melvyn John Otterstrom during a robbery in Salt Lake City. While being moved in April 1985 to a court hearing for the homicide, he fatally shot attorney Michael Burdell in an unsuccessful escape attempt.


Context: who was the last person executed by firing squad

Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Question: what was the reason for him being executed?

Answer: He received the death penalty for killing a man during an attempted escape from a courthouse

Explanation: Ronnie Lee Gardner (January 16, 1961 – June 18, 2010) was an American criminal who received the death penalty for killing a man during an attempted escape from a courthouse in 1985, and was executed by a firing squad by the state of Utah in 2010.

Ronnie Lee Gardner [SEP] Introduction


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the reason for him being executed?

Context: He received the death penalty for killing a man during an attempted escape from a courthouse

Question: what was the verdict he received?

Answer: Convicted of two counts of murder, Gardner was sentenced to life imprisonment for the first count and received the death penalty for the second.

Ronnie Lee Gardner [SEP] Introduction

Convicted of two counts of murder, Gardner was sentenced to life imprisonment for the first count and received the death penalty for the second. The state adopted more stringent security measures as a result of the incident at the courthouse. While held at Utah State Prison, Gardner was charged with another capital crime for stabbing an inmate in 1994. However, that charge was thrown out by the Utah Supreme Court because the victim survived. In a series of appeals, defense attorneys presented mitigating evidence of the troubled upbringing of Gardner, who had spent nearly his entire adult life in incarceration.


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: Convicted of two counts of murder, Gardner was sentenced to life imprisonment for the first count and received the death penalty for the second.

Question: whats the meaning of the first above mentioned sentence?

Answer: Gardner killed Melvyn John Otterstrom during a robbery in Salt Lake City. While being moved in April 1985 to a court hearing for the homicide, he fatally shot attorney Michael Burdell in an unsuccessful escape attempt.

Explanation: In October 1984, Gardner killed Melvyn John Otterstrom during a robbery in Salt Lake City. While being moved in April 1985 to a court hearing for the homicide, he fatally shot attorney Michael Burdell in an unsuccessful escape attempt.

Ronnie Lee Gardner [SEP] Introduction


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: whats the meaning of the first above mentioned sentence?

Context: Gardner killed Melvyn John Otterstrom during a robbery in Salt Lake City. While being moved in April 1985 to a court hearing for the homicide, he fatally shot attorney Michael Burdell in an unsuccessful escape attempt.

Question: how long does a person need to be in prison under the first above mentioned sentence?

Answer: For the rest of the natural life or until pardoned, paroled or otherwise commuted to a fixed term.

Life imprisonment [SEP] Introduction

Life imprisonment is any sentence of imprisonment for a crime under which convicted persons are to remain in prison either for the rest of their natural life or until pardoned, paroled or otherwise commuted to a fixed term. Crimes for which, in some countries, a person could receive this sentence include murder, attempted murder, conspiracy to commit murder, blasphemy, apostasy, terrorism, severe child abuse, rape, child rape, espionage, treason, high treason, drug dealing, drug trafficking, drug possession, human trafficking, severe cases of fraud, severe cases of financial crimes, aggravated criminal damage in English law, and aggravated cases of arson, kidnapping, burglary, or robbery which result in death or grievous bodily harm, piracy, aircraft hijacking, and in certain cases genocide, ethnic cleansing, crimes against humanity, certain war crimes or any three felonies in case of three-strikes law.


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: how long does a person need to be in prison under the first above mentioned sentence?

Context: For the rest of the natural life or until pardoned, paroled or otherwise commuted to a fixed term.

Question: which misdeeds are normally given this verdict?

Answer: murder, attempted murder, conspiracy to commit murder, blasphemy, apostasy, terrorism, severe child abuse, rape, child rape, espionage, treason, high treason, drug dealing, drug trafficking, drug possession, etc.

Explanation: Crimes for which, in some countries, a person could receive this sentence include murder, attempted murder, conspiracy to commit murder, blasphemy, apostasy, terrorism, severe child abuse, rape, child rape, espionage, treason, high treason, drug dealing, drug trafficking, drug possession, human trafficking, severe cases of fraud, severe cases of financial crimes, aggravated criminal damage in English law, and aggravated cases of arson, kidnapping, burglary, or robbery which result in death or grievous bodily harm, piracy, aircraft hijacking, and in certain cases genocide, ethnic cleansing, crimes against humanity, certain war crimes or any three felonies in case of three-strikes law.

Life imprisonment [SEP] Introduction


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: which misdeeds are normally given this verdict?

Context: murder, attempted murder, conspiracy to commit murder, blasphemy, apostasy, terrorism, severe child abuse, rape, child rape, espionage, treason, high treason, drug dealing, drug trafficking, drug possession, etc.

Question: what is the location of the courthouse where the incident took place?

Answer: Utah

Ronnie Lee Gardner [SEP] Introduction


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: what is the location of the courthouse where the incident took place?

Context: Utah

Question: how did the place get its name?

Answer: The name "Utah" is said to derive from the name of the Ute tribe, meaning "people of the mountains".

Utah [SEP] Etymology

The name "Utah" is said to derive from the name of the Ute tribe, meaning "people of the mountains". However, no such word actually exists in the Utes' language, and the Utes refer to themselves as . The meaning of "Utes" as "the mountain people" has been attributed to the neighboring Pueblo Indians, as well as to the Apache word , which means "one that is higher up" or "those that are higher up". In Spanish it was pronounced ; subsequently English-speaking people may have adapted the word as 'Utah'.


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: Utah

Context: how did the place get its name?

Context: The name "Utah" is said to derive from the name of the Ute tribe, meaning "people of the mountains".

Question: what is their view on lgbt weddings?

Answer: Same-sex marriage became legal in Utah on December 20, 2013

Utah [SEP] Same-sex marriage

Same-sex marriage became legal in Utah on December 20, 2013 when judge Robert J. Shelby of the United States District Court for the District of Utah issued a ruling in "Kitchen v. Herbert". As of close of business December 26, more than 1,225 marriage licenses were issued, with at least 74 percent, or 905 licenses, issued to gay and lesbian couples. The state Attorney General's office was granted a stay of the ruling by the United States Supreme Court on January 6, 2014 while the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals considered the case. On Monday October 6, 2014, the Supreme Court of the United States declined a Writ of Certiorari, and the 10th Circuit Court issued their mandate later that day, lifting their stay.


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: Utah

Context: how did the place get its name?

Context: what is their view on lgbt weddings?

Context: Same-sex marriage became legal in Utah on December 20, 2013

Question: are ladies allowed to vote?

Answer: Utah granted full voting rights to women in 1870.

Utah [SEP] Women's rights

Utah granted full voting rights to women in 1870, 26 years before becoming a state. Among all U.S. states, only Wyoming granted suffrage to women earlier. However, in 1887 the initial Edmunds-Tucker Act was passed by Congress in an effort to curtail Mormon influence in the territorial government. One of the provisions of the Act was the repeal of women's suffrage; full suffrage was not returned until Utah was admitted to the Union in 1896. Utah is one of the 15 states that have not ratified the U.S. Equal Rights Amendment.


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: Utah

Context: how did the place get its name?

Context: what is their view on lgbt weddings?

Context: are ladies allowed to vote?

Context: Utah granted full voting rights to women in 1870.

Question: what is the weather like in this place?

Answer: Utah features a dry, semi-arid to desert climate.

Utah [SEP] Climate

Utah features a dry, semi-arid to desert climate, although its many mountains feature a large variety of climates, with the highest points in the Uinta Mountains being above the timberline. The dry weather is a result of the state's location in the rain shadow of the Sierra Nevada in California. The eastern half of the state lies in the rain shadow of the Wasatch Mountains. The primary source of precipitation for the state is the Pacific Ocean, with the state usually lying in the path of large Pacific storms from October to May. In summer, the state, especially southern and eastern Utah, lies in the path of monsoon moisture from the Gulf of California.


Context: Ronnie Lee Gardner

Context: what was the verdict he received?

Context: Utah

Context: how did the place get its name?

Context: what is their view on lgbt weddings?

Context: are ladies allowed to vote?

Context: what is the weather like in this place?

Context: Utah features a dry, semi-arid to desert climate.

Question: what are the religious groups found here?

Answer: 62.8% of Utahns are counted as members of the LDS Church

Utah [SEP] Religion

As of 2017, 62.8% of Utahns are counted as members of the LDS Church. This declined to 61.2% in 2018 and to 60.7% in 2019. Members of the LDS Church currently make up between 34%–41% of the population within Salt Lake City. However, many of the other major population centers such as Provo, Logan, Tooele, and St. George tend to be predominantly LDS, along with many suburban and rural areas. The LDS Church has the largest number of congregations, numbering 4,815 wards. Though the LDS Church officially maintains a policy of neutrality in regard to political parties, the church's doctrine has a strong regional influence on politics.


Question: who does the voice of the food critic in ratatouille

Answer: Peter O'Toole

Ratatouille (film) [SEP] Introduction

The film stars the voices of Patton Oswalt as Remy, an anthropomorphic rat who is interested in cooking; Lou Romano as Alfredo Linguini, a young garbage boy who befriends Remy; Ian Holm as Skinner, the head chef of Auguste Gusteau's restaurant; Janeane Garofalo as Colette Tatou, a "rôtisseur" at Gusteau's restaurant and the staff's only female chef; Peter O'Toole as Anton Ego, a restaurant critic; Brian Dennehy as Django, Remy's father and leader of his clan; Peter Sohn as Emile, Remy's older brother; and Brad Garrett as Auguste Gusteau, a recently deceased chef. The development of "Ratatouille" began in 2000 when Pinkava wrote the original concepts of the film.


Context: who does the voice of the food critic in ratatouille

Context: Peter O'Toole

Question: what is this film about?

Answer: The plot follows a rat named Remy, who dreams of becoming a chef and tries to achieve his goal by forming an alliance with a Parisian restaurant's garbage boy

Ratatouille (film) [SEP] Introduction

Ratatouille is a 2007 American computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It was the eighth film produced by Pixar, and was written and directed by Brad Bird, who took over from Jan Pinkava in 2005, and produced by Brad Lewis, from an original idea from Bird, Pinkava and Jim Capobianco. The title refers to the French dish ratatouille, which is served at the end of the film and also references the animal type of the main character, a rat. The plot follows a rat named Remy, who dreams of becoming a chef and tries to achieve his goal by forming an alliance with a Parisian restaurant's garbage boy.


Context: Peter O'Toole

Context: what is this film about?

Context: The plot follows a rat named Remy, who dreams of becoming a chef and tries to achieve his goal by forming an alliance with a Parisian restaurant's garbage boy

Question: where is this film shot?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Ratatouille (film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Peter O'Toole

Context: what is this film about?

Context: where is this film shot?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who gave the voice for the rodent?

Answer: Patton Oswalt

Explanation: The film stars the voices of Patton Oswalt as Remy, an anthropomorphic rat who is interested in cooking

Ratatouille (film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: Peter O'Toole

Context: what is this film about?

Context: where is this film shot?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who gave the voice for the rodent?

Context: Patton Oswalt

Question: where was the previously mentioned voice artist born?

Answer: Some sources give his birthplace as the Irish region of Connemara, while others cite the English city of Leeds

Peter O'Toole [SEP] Early life

Peter Seamus O'Toole was born on 2 August 1932, the son of Constance Jane Eliot (née Ferguson), a Scottish nurse, and Patrick Joseph "Spats" O'Toole, an Irish metal plater, football player, and bookmaker. Some sources give his birthplace as the Irish region of Connemara, while others cite St James University Hospital in the English city of Leeds. O'Toole claimed he was not certain of his birthplace or date, noting in his autobiography that he accepted 2 August as his birth date but had a birth certificate from each country, with the Irish one giving a date of June 1932. He had an elder sister named Patricia.


Context: Peter O'Toole

Context: what is this film about?

Context: where is this film shot?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who gave the voice for the rodent?

Context: Patton Oswalt

Context: where was the previously mentioned voice artist born?

Context: Some sources give his birthplace as the Irish region of Connemara, while others cite the English city of Leeds

Question: when did he die?

Answer: 14 December 2013

Peter O'Toole [SEP] Death

O'Toole retired from acting in July 2012 due to a recurrence of stomach cancer. He died on 14 December 2013 at Wellington Hospital in St John's Wood, London, at the age of 81. His funeral was held at Golders Green Crematorium in London on 21 December 2013, where his body was cremated in a wicker coffin. His family have stated their intention to fulfill his wishes and take his ashes to the west of Ireland. On 18 May 2014, a new prize was launched in memory of Peter O'Toole at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School; this includes an annual award given to two young actors from the School, including a professional contract at Bristol Old Vic Theatre.


Context: Peter O'Toole

Context: what is this film about?

Context: where is this film shot?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who gave the voice for the rodent?

Context: Patton Oswalt

Context: when did he die?

Context: 14 December 2013

Question: did he win any rewards?

Answer: Yes, the Academy Honorary Award

Explanation: In 2002, O'Toole was awarded the Academy Honorary Award for his career achievements. He was additionally the recipient of four Golden Globe Awards, one BAFTA Award for Best British Actor and one Primetime Emmy Award.

Peter O'Toole [SEP] Introduction

Brought up in Leeds, England in a Yorkshire Irish family, O'Toole has appeared on lists of greatest actors from publications in England and Ireland. In 2020, he was listed at number 4 on "The Irish Times" list of Ireland's greatest film actors.


Context: Peter O'Toole

Context: what is this film about?

Context: where is this film shot?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who gave the voice for the rodent?

Context: Patton Oswalt

Context: when did he die?

Context: 14 December 2013

Context: did he win any rewards?

Context: Yes, the Academy Honorary Award

Question: did this film get any awards?

Answer: Yes, Academy Award for Best Animated Feature

Ratatouille (film) [SEP] Accolades

"Ratatouille" won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature at the 80th Academy Awards and was nominated for four others: Best Original Score, Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, Best Original Screenplay, losing to "Atonement", "The Bourne Ultimatum" (for both Best Sound Editing and Best Sound Mixing), and "Juno", respectively. At the time, the film held the record for the greatest number of Oscar nominations for a computer animated feature film, breaking the previous record held by "Monsters, Inc.", "Finding Nemo", and "The Incredibles" at four nominations, but tied with "Aladdin" for any animated film. In 2008, "WALL-E" surpassed that record with six nominations.


Context: Peter O'Toole

Context: what is this film about?

Context: where is this film shot?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who gave the voice for the rodent?

Context: Patton Oswalt

Context: when did he die?

Context: 14 December 2013

Context: did he win any rewards?

Context: Yes, the Academy Honorary Award

Context: did this film get any awards?

Context: Yes, Academy Award for Best Animated Feature

Question: which other film has received this award?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Academy Award for Best Animated Feature [SEP] Introduction

The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films. An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique, a significant number of the major characters are animated, and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time. The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first awarded in 2002 for films made in 2001. The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award's inception. If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category, the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films, which has happened nine times, otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist.


Context: Peter O'Toole

Context: what is this film about?

Context: where is this film shot?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who gave the voice for the rodent?

Context: Patton Oswalt

Context: when did he die?

Context: 14 December 2013

Context: did he win any rewards?

Context: Yes, the Academy Honorary Award

Context: did this film get any awards?

Context: which other film has received this award?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how much did the above mentioned film make?

Answer: $620.7 million worldwide

Ratatouille (film) [SEP] Box office

In its opening weekend in North America, "Ratatouille" opened in 3,940 theaters and debuted at number one with $47 million, the lowest Pixar opening since "A Bug's Life". However, in France, where the film is set, the film broke the record for the biggest debut for an animated film and dethroned "Titanic" for the most consecutive weeks at the top of the box office. In the United Kingdom, the film debuted at number one with sales over £4 million. The film has grossed $206.4 million in the United States and Canada and a total of $620.7 million worldwide, making it the seventh-highest-grossing Pixar film.


Question: in world war ii the islands near australia where a main battle was fought were the

Answer: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Explanation: ion from existing AIF personnel which would form part of the Commonwealth Corps with British, Canadian and New Zealand units. The corps' organisation was to be identical to that of a US Army corps, and it would have participated in the invasion of the Japanese home island of Honshū which was scheduled for March 1946.

Military history of Australia during World War II [SEP] Operations against the Japanese home islands

Planning for operations against Japan ceased in August 1945, when Japan surrendered following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. General Blamey signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender on behalf of Australia during the ceremony held on board on 2 September 1945. Several RAN warships were among the Allied ships anchored in Tokyo Bay during the proceedings. Following the main ceremony on board "Missouri", Japanese field commanders surrendered to Allied forces across the Pacific Theatre. Australian forces accepted the surrender of their Japanese opponents at ceremonies conducted at Morotai, several locations in Borneo, Timor, Wewak, Rabaul, Bougainville and Nauru.


Context: in world war ii the islands near australia where a main battle was fought were the

Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Question: when did australia participate in this war?

Answer: In the last months of the war.

Military history of Australia during World War II

Operations against the Japanese home islands

Australia played a minor role in the Japan campaign in the last months of the war and was preparing to participate in the invasion of Japan at the time the war ended. Several Australian warships operated with the British Pacific Fleet (BPF) during the Battle of Okinawa and Australian destroyers later escorted British aircraft carriers and battleships during attacks on targets in the Japanese home islands. Despite its distance from Japan, Australia was the BPF's main base and a large number of facilities were built to support the fleet. Australia's participation in the planned invasion of Japan would have involved elements of all three services fighting as part of Commonwealth forces.


Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Context: when did australia participate in this war?

Context: In the last months of the war.

Question: what was the outcome of this war?

Answer: Japan surrendered.

Military history of Australia during World War II

Operations against the Japanese home islands

Explanation: Planning for operations against Japan ceased in August 1945, when Japan surrendered following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.


Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Context: In the last months of the war.

Context: what was the outcome of this war?

Context: Japan surrendered.

Question: what were the number of casualties?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Context: In the last months of the war.

Context: what was the outcome of this war?

Context: Japan surrendered.

Context: what were the number of casualties?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is borneo campaign?

Answer: It was the last major Allied campaign in the SWPA.

Military history of Australia during World War II [SEP] Borneo Campaign

The Borneo Campaign of 1945 was the last major Allied campaign in the SWPA. In a series of amphibious assaults between 1 May and 21 July, the Australian I Corps, under Lieutenant General Leslie Morshead, attacked Japanese forces occupying the island. Allied naval and air forces, centred on the US 7th Fleet under Admiral Thomas Kinkaid, 1TAF and the US Thirteenth Air Force also played important roles in the campaign. The goals of this campaign were to capture Borneo's oilfields and Brunei Bay to support the US-led invasion of Japan and British-led liberation of Malaya which were planned to take place later in 1945.


Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Context: In the last months of the war.

Context: what was the outcome of this war?

Context: Japan surrendered.

Context: what were the number of casualties?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is borneo campaign?

Context: It was the last major Allied campaign in the SWPA.

Question: what was the role of intelligence and special forces at that time?

Answer: Intelligence forces were used to intercept and decipher Japanese transmissions before the outbreak of the Pacific War and special forces were used to collect intelligence, spearhead offensives and secure the flanks of operations conducted by conventional infantry.

Military history of Australia during World War II [SEP] Intelligence and special forces

Australia developed large intelligence services during the war. Prior the outbreak of war the Australian military possessed almost no intelligence gathering facilities and was reliant on information passed on by the British intelligence services. Several small signals intelligence units were established in 1939 and 1940, which had some success intercepting and deciphering Japanese transmissions before the outbreak of the Pacific War. MacArthur began organising large scale intelligence services shortly after his arrival in Australia. On 15 April 1942, the joint Australian-US Central Bureau signals intelligence organisation was established at Melbourne. Central Bureau's headquarters moved to Brisbane in July 1942, and Manila in May 1945.


Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Context: In the last months of the war.

Context: what was the outcome of this war?

Context: Japan surrendered.

Context: what were the number of casualties?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is borneo campaign?

Context: what was the role of intelligence and special forces at that time?

Context: Intelligence forces were used to intercept and decipher Japanese transmissions before the outbreak of the Pacific War and special forces were used to collect intelligence, spearhead offensives and secure the flanks of operations conducted by conventional infantry.

Question: can you name any individual involved in this intelligence during the time of this war?

Answer: MacArthur.

Military history of Australia during World War II

Explanation: MacArthur began organising large scale intelligence services shortly after his arrival in Australia


Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Context: In the last months of the war.

Context: what was the outcome of this war?

Context: Japan surrendered.

Context: what were the number of casualties?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is borneo campaign?

Context: can you name any individual involved in this intelligence during the time of this war?

Context: MacArthur.

Question: what can you tell about the prisoners of the war?

Answer: ust under 29,000 Australians were taken prisoner by the Axis during the war. Only 14,000 of the 21,467 Australian prisoners taken by the Japanese survived captivity.

Explanation: Just under 29,000 Australians were taken prisoner by the Axis during the war. Only 14,000 of the 21,467 Australian prisoners taken by the Japanese survived captivity.

Military history of Australia during World War II [SEP] Prisoners of war

The POWs held in camps at Ambon and Borneo suffered the highest death rates; 77 percent of those at Ambon died and few of the 2,500 Australian and British prisoners in Borneo survived; almost all were killed by overwork and a series of death marches in 1945. The treatment of the POWs prompted many Australians to remain hostile towards Japan after the war. Australian authorities investigated the abuses against Allied POWs in their country's zone of responsibility after the war, and guards who were believed to have mistreated prisoners were among those tried by Australian-administered war crimes trials.


Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Context: In the last months of the war.

Context: what was the outcome of this war?

Context: Japan surrendered.

Context: what were the number of casualties?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is borneo campaign?

Context: MacArthur.

Context: what can you tell about the prisoners of the war?

Context: ust under 29,000 Australians were taken prisoner by the Axis during the war. Only 14,000 of the 21,467 Australian prisoners taken by the Japanese survived captivity.

Question: which other countries were involved in the second world war mentioned above?

Answer: Germany and Italy, to name a few.

Military history of Australia during World War II

Explanation: he 8,000 Australians captured by Germany and Italy were generally treated in accordance with the Geneva Conventions. The majority of these men were taken during the fighting in Greece and Crete in 1941, with the next largest group being 1,400 airmen shot down


Context: The Japanese home island of Honshū.

Context: In the last months of the war.

Context: what was the outcome of this war?

Context: Japan surrendered.

Context: what were the number of casualties?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is borneo campaign?

Context: MacArthur.

Context: which other countries were involved in the second world war mentioned above?

Context: Germany and Italy, to name a few.

Question: who lead the first country during this war?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Just under 29,000 Australians were taken prisoner by the Axis during the war. Only 14,000 of the 21,467 Australian prisoners taken by the Japanese survived captivity. The majority of the deaths in captivity were due to malnutrition and disease. The 8,000 Australians captured by Germany and Italy were generally treated in accordance with the Geneva Conventions. The majority of these men were taken during the fighting in Greece and Crete in 1941, with the next largest group being 1,400 airmen shot down over Europe. Like other western Allied POWs, the Australians were held in permanent camps in Italy and Germany.


Question: how many premier league titles have man u won

Answer: Twenty League titles.

Explanation:
Manchester United Football Club is a professional football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, England, that competes in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. Nicknamed "the Red Devils", the club was founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878, changed its name to Manchester United in 1902 and moved to its current stadium, Old Trafford, in 1910.

Manchester United have won more trophies than any other club in English football, with a record 20 League titles

Manchester United F.C. [SEP] Introduction

In 1998–99, the club became the first in the history of English football to achieve the continental European treble. By winning the UEFA Europa League in 2016–17, they became one of five clubs to have won all three main UEFA club competitions. The 1958 Munich air disaster claimed the lives of eight players. In 1968, under the management of Matt Busby, Manchester United became the first English football club to win the European Cup. Alex Ferguson won 38 trophies as manager, including 13 Premier League titles, 5 FA Cups and 2 UEFA Champions Leagues, between 1986 and 2013, when he announced his retirement.


Context: how many premier league titles have man u won

Context: Twenty League titles.

Question: what is manchester united f.c.?

Answer: A professional football club .

Manchester United Football Club is a professional football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, England, that competes in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. Nicknamed "the Red Devils", the club was founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878, changed its name to Manchester United in 1902 and moved to its current stadium, Old Trafford, in 1910. Manchester United have won more trophies than any other club in English football, with a record 20 League titles, 12 FA Cups, five League Cups and a record 21 FA Community Shields. United have also won three UEFA Champions Leagues, one UEFA Europa League, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup, one Intercontinental Cup and one FIFA Club World Cup.


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Question: where is the club based in?

Answer: Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, England.

Explanation: Manchester United Football Club is a professional football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, England,


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, England.

Question: when did the game first begin?

Answer: The earliest form of the game started during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD).

Explanation: According to FIFA, the Chinese competitive game "cuju" (蹴鞠, literally "kick ball") is the earliest form of football for which there is evidence. "Cuju" players could use any part of the body apart from hands and the intent was kicking a ball through an opening into a net. It was remarkably similar to modern football, though similarities to rugby occurred. During the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD), "cuju" games were standardised and rules were established.

Association football [SEP] History

Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game "harpastum". "Phaininda", "episkyros" and "harpastum" were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified "mob football", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Other games included "kemari" in Japan and "chuk-guk" in Korea. Association football in itself does not have a classical history. Notwithstanding any similarities to other ball games played around the world FIFA has recognised that no historical connection exists with any game played in antiquity outside Europe.


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: when did the game first begin?

Context: The earliest form of the game started during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD).

Question: can you name some associations related to this game?

Answer: FIFA.

Association football [SEP] History

Kicking ball games arose independently multiple times across multiple cultures. According to FIFA, the Chinese competitive game "cuju" (蹴鞠, literally "kick ball") is the earliest form of football for which there is evidence. "Cuju" players could use any part of the body apart from hands and the intent was kicking a ball through an opening into a net. It was remarkably similar to modern football, though similarities to rugby occurred. During the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD), "cuju" games were standardised and rules were established. "Phaininda" and "episkyros" were Greek ball games. An image of an "episkyros" player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup.


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: when did the game first begin?

Context: can you name some associations related to this game?

Context: FIFA.

Question: is rugby a type of this game?

Answer: No, but both the games originated from a common game.

Rugby football [SEP] Introduction

Rugby football is a collective name for the family of team sports of rugby union and rugby league, as well as the earlier forms of football from which both games, Association football, Australian rules football, and Gridiron football evolved. Canadian football (Grey Cup still has "Rugby Football" written on it), and to a lesser extent American football were also broadly considered forms of rugby football but are seldom now referred to as such. Rugby football started about 1845 at Rugby School in Rugby, Warwickshire, England, although forms of football in which the ball was carried and tossed date to medieval times.


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: when did the game first begin?

Context: FIFA.

Context: is rugby a type of this game?

Context: No, but both the games originated from a common game.

Question: what colours are associated with the former club?

Answer: Red shirts.

Manchester United F.C. [SEP] Crest and colours

The black socks were changed to white from 1959 to 1965, where they were replaced with red socks up until 1971 with white used on occasion, when the club reverted to black. Black shorts and white socks are sometimes worn with the home strip, most often in away games, if there is a clash with the opponent's kit. For 2018–19, black shorts and red socks became the primary choice for the home kit. Since 1997–98, white socks have been the preferred choice for European games, which are typically played on weeknights, to aid with player visibility. The current home kit is a red shirt with the trademark Adidas three stripes in red on the shoulders, white shorts, and black socks.


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: when did the game first begin?

Context: FIFA.

Context: is rugby a type of this game?

Context: what colours are associated with the former club?

Context: Red shirts.

Question: does this club also have rivals?

Answer: Yes, against the clubs that they contest in the Manchester Derby.

Manchester United F.C. [SEP] Rivalries

Manchester United has rivalries with Arsenal, Leeds United, Liverpool, and Manchester City, against whom they contest the Manchester derby. The rivalry with Liverpool is rooted in competition between the cities during the Industrial Revolution when Manchester was famous for its textile industry while Liverpool was a major port. The two clubs are the most successful English teams in both domestic and international competitions; and between them they have won 39 league titles, 9 European Cups, 4 UEFA Cups, 5 UEFA Super Cups, 19 FA Cups, 13 League Cups, 2 FIFA Club World Cups, 1 Intercontinental Cup and 36 FA Community Shields.


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: when did the game first begin?

Context: FIFA.

Context: is rugby a type of this game?

Context: Red shirts.

Context: does this club also have rivals?

Context: Yes, against the clubs that they contest in the Manchester Derby.

Question: can you tell me the names of some of their rivals?

Answer: Yes,  Arsenal, Leeds United, Liverpool, and Manchester City.

Manchester United F.C. [SEP] Rivalries


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: when did the game first begin?

Context: FIFA.

Context: is rugby a type of this game?

Context: Red shirts.

Context: does this club also have rivals?

Context: can you tell me the names of some of their rivals?

Context: Yes,  Arsenal, Leeds United, Liverpool, and Manchester City.

Question: who owns the first club?

Answer: The parent company is Arsenal Holdings plc, and the largest stakeholder is Stan Kroenke.

Explanation:
The largest shareholder on the Arsenal board is American sports tycoon Stan Kroenke. Kroenke first launched a bid for the club in April 2007, and faced competition for shares from Red and White Securities, which acquired its first shares off David Dein in August 2007.
Red & White Securities was co-owned by Russian billionaire Alisher Usmanov and Iranian London-based financier Farhad Moshiri, though Usmanov bought Moshiri's stake in 2016. Kroenke came close to the 30% takeover threshold in November 2009, when he increased his holding to 18,594 shares (29.9%). In April 2011, Kroenke achieved a full takeover by purchasing the shareholdings of Nina Bracewell-Smith and Danny Fiszman, taking his shareholding to 62.89%. As of May 2017, Kroenke owns 41,721 shares (67.05%) and Red & White Securities own 18,695 shares (30.04%). In January 2018, Kroenke expanded his ownership, buying twenty-two more shares taking his total ownership to 67.09% In August 2018, Kroenke bought out Usmanov for 550 mil

Arsenal F.C. [SEP] Ownership and finances


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: when did the game first begin?

Context: FIFA.

Context: is rugby a type of this game?

Context: Red shirts.

Context: does this club also have rivals?

Context: who owns the first club?

Context: The parent company is Arsenal Holdings plc, and the largest stakeholder is Stan Kroenke.

Question: do they also have a separate team for women?

Answer: Yes, the Arsenal Women.

Arsenal F.C. [SEP] Arsenal Women

Arsenal Women is the women's football club affiliated to Arsenal. Founded as Arsenal Ladies F.C. in 1987 by Vic Akers, they turned semi-professional in 2002 and are currently managed by Clair Wheatley. Akers currently holds the role of Honorary President of Arsenal Women. As part of the festivities surrounding their 30th anniversary in 2017, the club announced that they were changing their formal name to Arsenal Women F.C., and would use "Arsenal" in all references except rare cases where there might be confusion with the men's side. Arsenal Women are the most successful team in English women's football having won a total of 58 trophies.


Context: Twenty League titles.

Context: what is manchester united f.c.?

Context: A professional football club .

Context: where is the club based in?

Context: when did the game first begin?

Context: FIFA.

Context: is rugby a type of this game?

Context: Red shirts.

Context: does this club also have rivals?

Context: who owns the first club?

Context: do they also have a separate team for women?

Context: Yes, the Arsenal Women.

Question: was manchester ever awarded any honours?

Answer: Yes, they have won 20 League titles, 12 FA Cups, five League Cups ,  21 FA Community Shields , three UEFA Champions Leagues, one UEFA Europa League, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup, one Intercontinental Cup and one FIFA Club World Cup.

Explanation: Manchester United have won more trophies than any other club in English football, with a record 20 League titles, 12 FA Cups, five League Cups and a record 21 FA Community Shields. United have also won three UEFA Champions Leagues, one UEFA Europa League, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup, one Intercontinental Cup and one FIFA Club World Cup.