Context: which of the following are only found naturally on madagascar

Context: More than 80 percent of Madagascar's 14,883 plant species are found nowhere else in the world, including five plant families.

Context: which continent is this island a part of?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are the names of the plants endemic to this island?

Context: Plants of family "Didiereaceae", "Pachypodium" species along with orchids, and traveler's palm.

Context: how would you describe the first family of plant species mentioned in the list?

Context: Didiereaceae is a family of flowering plants found in continental Africa and Madagascar.

Context: and how would you describe the second family of plant species mentioned?

Context: It is a genus of succulent spine-bearing trees and shrubs, native to Madagascar and Africa.

Context: how is the climate in that island?

Context: It has a hot rainy season with frequent destructive cyclones and a cooler dry season.

Context: did any foreign country rule or invade this island in historical times?

Context: Yes, by the Portuguese.

Context: any prominent people who belonged to the above group who ruled or invaded that island?

Context: Jeronimo de Azevedo.

Context: what was the profession of this above-mentioned person?

Context: He was a Portuguese fidalgo, Governor (captain-general) of Portuguese Ceylon and viceroy of Portuguese India.

Context: what did he contribute when he was a viceroy in that mentioned country?

Context: He led a huge fleet that tried to drive English East India Company ships under the command of Nicholas Downton off Surat.

Context: name some commemorations done to honor him.

Context: He was granted a reward of 10,000 reais and a "comenda" in the Order of Christ.

Context: what are the languages spoken on that island?

Context: Malagasy.

Context: are there any animals endemic to that island?

Context: Yes, lemur.

Context: what are the names of some of the geographical landforms found in this place?

Context: Coasts, escarpment, tropical lowland forest, plateau or the central highlands, subhumid forests and others.

Question: are there more men than women in this place?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Madagascar [SEP] Geography

At , Madagascar is the world's 47th largest country, the 2nd largest island country and the fourth-largest island. The country lies mostly between latitudes 12°S and 26°S, and longitudes 43°E and 51°E. Neighboring islands include the French territory of Réunion and the country of Mauritius to the east, as well as the state of Comoros and the French territory of Mayotte to the north west. The nearest mainland state is Mozambique, located to the west. The prehistoric breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana separated the Madagascar–Antarctica–India landmass from the Africa–South America landmass around 135 million years ago. Madagascar later split from India about 88 million years ago during the late Cretaceous period allowing plants and animals on the island to evolve in relative isolation.


Context: which of the following are only found naturally on madagascar

Context: More than 80 percent of Madagascar's 14,883 plant species are found nowhere else in the world, including five plant families.

Context: which continent is this island a part of?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are the names of the plants endemic to this island?

Context: Plants of family "Didiereaceae", "Pachypodium" species along with orchids, and traveler's palm.

Context: how would you describe the first family of plant species mentioned in the list?

Context: Didiereaceae is a family of flowering plants found in continental Africa and Madagascar.

Context: and how would you describe the second family of plant species mentioned?

Context: It is a genus of succulent spine-bearing trees and shrubs, native to Madagascar and Africa.

Context: how is the climate in that island?

Context: It has a hot rainy season with frequent destructive cyclones and a cooler dry season.

Context: did any foreign country rule or invade this island in historical times?

Context: Yes, by the Portuguese.

Context: any prominent people who belonged to the above group who ruled or invaded that island?

Context: Jeronimo de Azevedo.

Context: what was the profession of this above-mentioned person?

Context: He was a Portuguese fidalgo, Governor (captain-general) of Portuguese Ceylon and viceroy of Portuguese India.

Context: what did he contribute when he was a viceroy in that mentioned country?

Context: He led a huge fleet that tried to drive English East India Company ships under the command of Nicholas Downton off Surat.

Context: name some commemorations done to honor him.

Context: He was granted a reward of 10,000 reais and a "comenda" in the Order of Christ.

Context: what are the languages spoken on that island?

Context: Malagasy.

Context: are there any animals endemic to that island?

Context: Yes, lemur.

Context: what are the names of some of the geographical landforms found in this place?

Context: Coasts, escarpment, tropical lowland forest, plateau or the central highlands, subhumid forests and others.

Context: are there more men than women in this place?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how is the cuisine in this place?

Answer: It is influenced by Southeast Asian, African, Indian, Chinese and European culinary traditions.

Madagascar [SEP] Cuisine

Malagasy cuisine reflects the diverse influences of Southeast Asian, African, Indian, Chinese and European culinary traditions. The complexity of Malagasy meals can range from the simple, traditional preparations introduced by the earliest settlers, to the refined festival dishes prepared for the island's 19th-century monarchs. Throughout almost the entire island, the contemporary cuisine of Madagascar typically consists of a base of rice ("vary") served with an accompaniment ("laoka"). The many varieties of "laoka" may be vegetarian or include animal proteins, and typically feature a sauce flavored with such ingredients as ginger, onion, garlic, tomato, vanilla, coconut milk, salt, curry powder, green peppercorns or, less commonly, other spices or herbs.


Question: who is william iii of england?

Answer: sovereign Prince; Stadtholder; King of England, Ireland and Scotland

William III of England [SEP] Introduction

William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from the 1670s and King of England, Ireland and Scotland from 1689 until his death. As King of Scotland, he is known as William II. He is sometimes informally known as "King Billy" in Ireland and Scotland. His victory at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 is commemorated by unionists, who display orange colours in his honour. Popular histories usually refer to his joint reign with his wife, Queen Mary II, as that of "William and Mary".


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: sovereign Prince; Stadtholder; King of England, Ireland and Scotland

Question: has he won any battle?

Answer: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Explanation: His victory at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 is commemorated by unionists, who display orange colours in his honour.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Question: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Answer: In the Franco-Dutch War and the Third Anglo-Dutch War the Netherlands was invaded by France and its allies.

William III of England [SEP] "Disaster year": 1672

For the Dutch Republic, 1672 proved calamitous. It became known as the "Rampjaar" ("disaster year"), because in the Franco-Dutch War and the Third Anglo-Dutch War the Netherlands was invaded by France and its allies: England, Münster, and Cologne. Although the Anglo-French fleet was disabled by the Battle of Solebay, in June the French army quickly overran the provinces of Gelderland and Utrecht. On 14 June, William withdrew with the remnants of his field army into Holland, where the States had ordered the flooding of the Dutch Water Line on 8 June. Louis XIV of France, believing the war was over, began negotiations to extract as large a sum of money from the Dutch as possible.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: In the Franco-Dutch War and the Third Anglo-Dutch War the Netherlands was invaded by France and its allies.

Question: when was the first war mentioned above fought?

Answer: 1672 to 1678

Franco-Dutch War [SEP] Introduction

The Franco-Dutch War, often simply called the Dutch War (; ), fought from 1672 to 1678, was a major conflict which pitted France against the Dutch Republic. It also involved many other European states, including the Holy Roman Empire, Spain, England, Sweden, Brandenburg-Prussia and Denmark-Norway. It was the first of the major European wars that marked the reign of Louis XIV of France. The war began in May 1672 when France invaded the Dutch Republic and nearly overran it; an event still referred to in the Netherlands as the "Rampjaar" ("Disaster Year"). The French advance was finally halted by the Dutch flooding the country and by late July, their position had stabilised, with support from Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I, Spain and Brandenburg-Prussia; this was formalised in the Treaty of The Hague in August 1673, which Lorraine joined in October and Denmark–Norway in January 1674.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: when was the first war mentioned above fought?

Context: 1672 to 1678

Question: did any negotiation happen in or after this war?

Answer: Yes - peace negotiations

Franco-Dutch War [SEP] Peace negotiations

On 19 June, the French took the fortress of Naarden close to Amsterdam. In a defeatist mood a divided States of Holland – Amsterdam was more pugnacious – sent a delegation to de Louvois in Zeist to ask for peace terms, headed by Pieter de Groot. The French king was offered the Generality Lands and ten million guilders. Compared to the eventual outcome of the war, these conditions were very favourable to France. It would have made territorial gains not equalled until 1810. The Generality Lands included the fortresses of Breda, 's-Hertogenbosch and Maastricht. Their possession would have ensured the conquest of the Spanish Netherlands and the remaining Republic would have been little more than a French satellite state.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: 1672 to 1678

Context: did any negotiation happen in or after this war?

Context: Yes - peace negotiations

Question: who was the battle fought between, the one that the king won?

Answer: The forces of King James II of England and Ireland, VII of Scotland; versus the forces of King William III

Battle of the Boyne [SEP] Introduction

The Battle of the Boyne ( ) was a battle in 1690 between the forces of the deposed King James II of England and Ireland, VII of Scotland, versus those of King William III who, with his wife Queen Mary II (his cousin and James's daughter), had acceded to the Crowns of England and Scotland in 1689. The battle took place across the River Boyne close to the town of Drogheda in the Kingdom of Ireland, modern-day Republic of Ireland, and resulted in a victory for William. This turned the tide in James's failed attempt to regain the British crown and ultimately aided in ensuring the continued Protestant ascendancy in Ireland.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: 1672 to 1678

Context: Yes - peace negotiations

Context: who was the battle fought between, the one that the king won?

Context: The forces of King James II of England and Ireland, VII of Scotland; versus the forces of King William III

Question: where did it take place?

Answer: River Boyne close to the town of Drogheda, Republic of Ireland

Explanation: The battle took place across the River Boyne close to the town of Drogheda in the Kingdom of Ireland, modern-day Republic of Ireland, and resulted in a victory for William.

Battle of the Boyne [SEP] Introduction


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: 1672 to 1678

Context: Yes - peace negotiations

Context: where did it take place?

Context: River Boyne close to the town of Drogheda, Republic of Ireland

Question: what is the climate like in the country mentioned above?

Answer: Temperate oceanic climate

Republic of Ireland [SEP] Climate

The Atlantic Ocean and the warming influence of the Gulf Stream affect weather patterns in Ireland. Temperatures differ regionally, with central and eastern areas tending to be more extreme. However, due to a temperate oceanic climate, temperatures are seldom lower than in winter or higher than in summer. The highest temperature recorded in Ireland was on 26 June 1887 at Kilkenny Castle in Kilkenny, while the lowest temperature recorded was at Markree Castle in Sligo. Rainfall is more prevalent during winter months and less so during the early months of summer. Southwestern areas experience the most rainfall as a result of south westerly winds, while Dublin receives the least.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: 1672 to 1678

Context: Yes - peace negotiations

Context: where did it take place?

Context: what is the climate like in the country mentioned above?

Context: Temperate oceanic climate

Question: can you mention some of the features of their symbol?

Answer: The shamrock, a type of clover, has been a national symbol of Ireland since the 17th century

Republic of Ireland [SEP] State symbols

The state shares many symbols with the island of Ireland. These include the colours green and blue, animals such as the Irish wolfhound and stags, structures such as round towers and celtic crosses, and designs such as Celtic knots and spirals. The shamrock, a type of clover, has been a national symbol of Ireland since the 17th century when it became customary to wear it as a symbol on St. Patrick's Day. These symbols are used by state institutions as well as private bodies in the Republic of Ireland. The flag of Ireland is a tricolour of green, white and orange.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: 1672 to 1678

Context: Yes - peace negotiations

Context: where did it take place?

Context: Temperate oceanic climate

Context: can you mention some of the features of their symbol?

Context: The shamrock, a type of clover, has been a national symbol of Ireland since the 17th century

Question: what are some of the famous cuisines here?

Answer: Boxty, colcannon, coddle, stew, and bacon and cabbage.

Republic of Ireland [SEP] Cuisine

Irish cuisine was traditionally based on meat and dairy products, supplemented with vegetables and seafood. Examples of popular Irish cuisine include boxty, colcannon, coddle, stew, and bacon and cabbage. Ireland is known for the full Irish breakfast, which involves a fried or grilled meal generally consisting of rashers, egg, sausage, white and black pudding, and fried tomato. Apart from the influence by European and international dishes, there has been an emergence of a new Irish cuisine based on traditional ingredients handled in new ways. This cuisine is based on fresh vegetables, fish, oysters, mussels and other shellfish, and the wide range of hand-made cheeses that are now being produced across the country.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: 1672 to 1678

Context: Yes - peace negotiations

Context: where did it take place?

Context: Temperate oceanic climate

Context: what are some of the famous cuisines here?

Context: Boxty, colcannon, coddle, stew, and bacon and cabbage.

Question: is the first dish associated with any significant day?

Answer: Yes - St Brigid's Day

Boxty [SEP] St. Brigid's Day

In Ireland St. Brigid is the patron saint of dairy and she is associated with milk, butter, ale, cheese and bacon. The tradition of St. Brigid may have roots in Ireland's pagan history and the pre-Christian "White Goddess" of Imbolc. Boxty is served for St Brigid's Day with other traditional foods like cross-shaped oat bread and Bride bannocks.


Context: who is william iii of england?

Context: has he won any battle?

Context: Yes - Battle of the Boyne

Context: why was 1672 the disaster year?

Context: 1672 to 1678

Context: Yes - peace negotiations

Context: where did it take place?

Context: Temperate oceanic climate

Context: is the first dish associated with any significant day?

Context: Yes - St Brigid's Day

Question: what does the name of the dish means?

Answer: Possibly from the Irish "arán boch t tí" meaning "poor house bread" or "bácús" meaning "bakehouse".

Explanation: Likely Irish, possibly from the Irish "arán bocht tí" meaning "poor house bread" or "bácús" meaning "bakehouse".

Boxty [SEP] Etymology


Question: what is year zero?

Answer: It is the fifth studio album by the band Nine Inch Nails.

Year Zero (album) [SEP] Introduction

Year Zero is the fifth studio album by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails, released by Interscope Records on April 17, 2007. Conceived while touring in support of the band's previous album, "With Teeth" (2005), the album was recorded throughout late 2006, and was produced by frontman Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross, and being the band's first studio album since 1994's "The Downward Spiral" to not be co-produced by long-time collaborator Alan Moulder. It was the band's last album for Interscope, following Reznor's departure the same year over a dispute of overseas pricing. In contrast to the introspective style of songwriting featured on the band's previous work, the record is a concept album that criticizes contemporary policies of the United States government by presenting a dystopian vision of the year 2022.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: It is the fifth studio album by the band Nine Inch Nails.

Question: who are the members of the band?

Answer: Trent Reznor, Atticus Ross, Aaron North, Jeordie White, Josh Freese, and Alessandro Cortini.

Year Zero (album) [SEP] Tour

After taking a break from touring to complete work on "Year Zero", the Nine Inch Nails live band embarked on a world tour in 2007 dubbed Performance 2007. The tour included the band's first performance in China. Reznor continued to tour with the same band he concluded the previous tour with: Aaron North, Jeordie White, Josh Freese, and Alessandro Cortini. The tour spanned 91 dates across Europe, Asia, Australia, and Hawaii. Between tour legs Nine Inch Nails gave a performance as part of the "Year Zero" game. A small group of fans received fictional in-game telephone-calls that invited them to a "resistance meeting" in a Los Angeles parking lot.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: Trent Reznor, Atticus Ross, Aaron North, Jeordie White, Josh Freese, and Alessandro Cortini.

Question: who is the vocalist among them?

Answer: Trent Reznor.

Nine Inch Nails [SEP] Introduction

Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN and stylized as NIИ, is an American industrial rock band formed in 1988 in Cleveland, Ohio. Singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and producer Trent Reznor was the only permanent member of the band until the official addition of English musician Atticus Ross in 2016. The band's debut album, "Pretty Hate Machine" (1989), was released via TVT Records. After feuding with TVT about how to promote the album, Reznor signed with Interscope Records and released the EP "Broken" (1992). The following Nine Inch Nails albums, "The Downward Spiral" (1994) and "The Fragile" (1999), were released to critical acclaim and commercial success.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Question: where was he born?

Answer: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Trent Reznor [SEP] Early life

Michael Trent Reznor was born in New Castle, Pennsylvania, on May 17, 1965, the son of Nancy Lou ("née" Clark) and Michael Reznor. He grew up in Mercer, Pennsylvania, and is of German and Irish descent. His great-grandfather, George Reznor, founded the heating and air conditioning manufacturer The Reznor Company in 1888. After his parents divorced when he was six years old, Reznor's sister Tera lived with their mother while he went to live with his maternal grandparents. He began playing the piano at the age of 12 and showed an early aptitude for music. His grandfather, Bill Clark, told "People" in February 1995, "[Reznor] was a good kid [...] a Boy Scout who loved to skateboard, build model planes, and play the piano.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Question: in which country is the state situated?

Answer: United States.

New Castle, Pennsylvania [SEP] Introduction

New Castle is a city in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is northwest of Pittsburgh near the Pennsylvania–Ohio border just southeast of Youngstown, Ohio. The population was 23,128 as of the 2010 census. It is the principal city of the New Castle, PA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which had a population of 91,108 in 2010. New Castle also anchors the northwestern part of the Pittsburgh-New Castle-Weirton, PA-WV-OH Combined Statistical Area. It is the commercial center of a fertile agricultural region. As of 2019 U.S. Census estimates, the city had a population of 21,618. This is an approximate decline of 1,476 residents since the 2010 U.S.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Context: in which country is the state situated?

Context: United States.

Question: what is the climate of this state like?

Answer: Cold winters and humid summers.

Pennsylvania [SEP] Climate

Pennsylvania's diverse topography also produces a variety of climates, though the entire state experiences cold winters and humid summers. Straddling two major zones, the majority of the state, except for the southeastern corner, has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification "Dfa"). The southern portion of the state has a humid subtropical climate. The largest city, Philadelphia, has some characteristics of the humid subtropical climate (Köppen "Cfa") that covers much of Delaware and Maryland to the south. Summers are generally hot and humid. Moving toward the mountainous interior of the state, the winter climate becomes colder, the number of cloudy days increases, and snowfall amounts are greater.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Context: in which country is the state situated?

Context: United States.

Context: what is the climate of this state like?

Context: Cold winters and humid summers.

Question: which ethnic groups are found here?

Answer: Hispanic, Indian, Vietnamese, and Chinese.

Explanation: Pennsylvania's Hispanic population grew by 82.6% between 2000 and 2010, making it one of the largest increases in a state's Hispanic population. The significant growth of the Hispanic population is due to immigration to the state mainly from Puerto Rico, which is a US territory, but to a lesser extent from countries such as the Dominican Republic, Mexico, and various Central and South American nations, as well as from the wave of Hispanics leaving New York and New Jersey for safer and more affordable living. The Asian population swelled by almost 60%, which was fueled by Indian, Vietnamese, and Chinese immigration, as well the many Asian transplants moving to Philadelphia from New York. The rapid growth of this com

Pennsylvania [SEP] Racial breakdown

As of 2011, 32.1% of Pennsylvania's population younger than age1 were minorities. Pennsylvania's Hispanic population grew by 82.6% between 2000 and 2010, making it one of the largest increases in a state's Hispanic population. The significant growth of the Hispanic population is due to immigration to the state mainly from Puerto Rico, which is a US territory, but to a lesser extent from countries such as the Dominican Republic, Mexico, and various Central and South American nations, as well as from the wave of Hispanics leaving New York and New Jersey for safer and more affordable living. The Asian population swelled by almost 60%, which was fueled by Indian, Vietnamese, and Chinese immigration, as well the many Asian transplants moving to Philadelphia from New York.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Context: in which country is the state situated?

Context: United States.

Context: what is the climate of this state like?

Context: Cold winters and humid summers.

Context: which ethnic groups are found here?

Context: Hispanic, Indian, Vietnamese, and Chinese.

Question: what languages are spoken here?

Answer: English, Spanish, German, and Chinese.

Explanation: As of 2010, 90.15% (10,710,239) of Pennsylvania residents age5 and older spoke English at home as a primary language, while 4.09% (486,058) spoke Spanish, 0.87% (103,502) German (which includes Pennsylvania Dutch) and 0.47% (56,052) Chinese (which includes Mandarin) of the population over the age of five. In total, 9.85% (1,170,628) of Pennsylvania's population age5 and older spoke a mother language other than English.

Pennsylvania [SEP] Languages


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Context: in which country is the state situated?

Context: United States.

Context: what is the climate of this state like?

Context: Cold winters and humid summers.

Context: which ethnic groups are found here?

Context: what languages are spoken here?

Context: English, Spanish, German, and Chinese.

Question: name a few educational institution located in this place.

Answer: Pennsylvania State University, Lincoln University, the University of Pittsburgh, and Temple University.

Explanation: The Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) is the public university system of the Commonwealth, with 14 state-owned schools. West Chester University has by far the largest student body of the 14 universities. The Commonwealth System of Higher Education is an organizing body of the four state-related schools in Pennsylvania; these schools (Pennsylvania State University, Lincoln University, the University of Pittsburgh, and Temple University) are independent institutions that receive some state funding. There are also 15 publicly funded two-year community colleges and technical schools that are separate from the PASSHE system. Additionally, there are many private two- and four-year technical schools, colleges, and universities.

Pennsylvania [SEP] Higher education

Carnegie Mellon University, The Pennsylvania State University, the University of Pennsylvania, and the University of Pittsburgh are members of the Association of American Universities, an invitation-only organization of leading research universities. Lehigh University is a private research university located in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania State University is the Commonwealth's land-grant university, Sea Grant College and, Space Grant College. The University of Pennsylvania, located in Philadelphia, is considered the first university in the United States and established the country's first medical school. The University of Pennsylvania is also the Commonwealth's only, and geographically most southern, Ivy League school. The Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine (LECOM) is a private graduate school of medicine, dentistry, and pharmacy with a main campus in Erie, Pennsylvania, and a branch campus located in Greensburg, Pennsylvania (with two other campuses outside of Pennsylvania).


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Context: in which country is the state situated?

Context: United States.

Context: what is the climate of this state like?

Context: Cold winters and humid summers.

Context: which ethnic groups are found here?

Context: what languages are spoken here?

Context: English, Spanish, German, and Chinese.

Context: name a few educational institution located in this place.

Context: Pennsylvania State University, Lincoln University, the University of Pittsburgh, and Temple University.

Question: mention a famous alumni from the first institute.

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Pennsylvania [SEP] Higher education

The Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) is the public university system of the Commonwealth, with 14 state-owned schools. West Chester University has by far the largest student body of the 14 universities. The Commonwealth System of Higher Education is an organizing body of the four state-related schools in Pennsylvania; these schools (Pennsylvania State University, Lincoln University, the University of Pittsburgh, and Temple University) are independent institutions that receive some state funding. There are also 15 publicly funded two-year community colleges and technical schools that are separate from the PASSHE system. Additionally, there are many private two- and four-year technical schools, colleges, and universities.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Context: in which country is the state situated?

Context: United States.

Context: what is the climate of this state like?

Context: Cold winters and humid summers.

Context: which ethnic groups are found here?

Context: what languages are spoken here?

Context: English, Spanish, German, and Chinese.

Context: mention a famous alumni from the first institute.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: do they have any association for the same?

Answer: Yes, the Penn State Alumni Association.

Pennsylvania State University [SEP] Alumni association

Established in 1870, nine years after the university's first commencement exercises, the Penn State Alumni Association has the stated mission "to connect alumni to the University and to each other, provide valuable benefits to members and support the University's mission of teaching, research, and service." The Alumni Association supports a number of educational and extracurricular missions of Penn State through financial support and is the network that connects alumni through over 280 "alumni groups", many of which are designated based on geographical, academic, or professional affiliation. , the Alumni Association counts 496,969 members within the United States, with an additional 16,180 in countries around the globe.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Context: in which country is the state situated?

Context: United States.

Context: what is the climate of this state like?

Context: Cold winters and humid summers.

Context: which ethnic groups are found here?

Context: what languages are spoken here?

Context: English, Spanish, German, and Chinese.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: do they have any association for the same?

Context: Yes, the Penn State Alumni Association.

Question: can you name a college under this university?

Answer: Penn State Law.

Pennsylvania State University [SEP] Colleges

Penn State has eighteen colleges, including three at special-mission campuses. The University Park campus is organized into fourteen distinct colleges, plus the Graduate School and the Division of Undergraduate Studies: In addition, the university's board of trustees voted in January 2007 to create a School of International Affairs, with the first classes admitted in the fall 2008 semester. The school is part of Penn State Law. Formerly the School of Nursing, on September 25, 2013, the board of trustees granted the nursing program college status.


Context: what is year zero?

Context: who are the members of the band?

Context: who is the vocalist among them?

Context: Trent Reznor.

Context: where was he born?

Context: New Castle, Pennsylvania.

Context: in which country is the state situated?

Context: United States.

Context: what is the climate of this state like?

Context: Cold winters and humid summers.

Context: which ethnic groups are found here?

Context: what languages are spoken here?

Context: English, Spanish, German, and Chinese.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, the Penn State Alumni Association.

Context: can you name a college under this university?

Context: Penn State Law.

Question: what rankings have the university achieved?

Answer: The Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked the university 101–150th among universities worldwide and 42–56th nationally for 2020.

Pennsylvania State University [SEP] Rankings

The Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked the university 101–150th among universities worldwide and 42–56th nationally for 2020. "U.S. News & World Report" ranked the university's undergraduate program 63rd among national universities and tied for 23rd among public schools in the United States for 2021. In 2020, the university was also ranked 101st in the QS World University Rankings. The 2021 "World University Rankings" by "Times Higher Education" ranked Penn State as the 114th best university in the world.


Question: egyptian kings were believed to combine divine and mortal qualities

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Ancient Egyptian deities [SEP] Introduction

Ancient Egyptian deities are the gods and goddesses worshipped in ancient Egypt. The beliefs and rituals surrounding these gods formed the core of ancient Egyptian religion, which emerged sometime in prehistory. Deities represented natural forces and phenomena, and the Egyptians supported and appeased them through offerings and rituals so that these forces would continue to function according to "maat", or divine order. After the founding of the Egyptian state around 3100 BC, the authority to perform these tasks was controlled by the pharaoh, who claimed to be the gods' representative and managed the temples where the rituals were carried out.


Context: egyptian kings were believed to combine divine and mortal qualities

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: name a few egyptian god's.

Answer: Sekhmet, Amun, Ra, Nekhbet, Nut, Geb to name a few

Ancient Egyptian deities [SEP] Names and epithets

In Egyptian belief, names express the fundamental nature of the things to which they refer. In keeping with this belief, the names of deities often relate to their roles or origins. The name of the predatory goddess Sekhmet means "powerful one", the name of the mysterious god Amun means "hidden one", and the name of Nekhbet, who was worshipped in the city of Nekheb, means "she of Nekheb". Many other names have no certain meaning, even when the gods who bear them are closely tied to a single role. The names of the sky goddess Nut and the earth god Geb do not resemble the Egyptian terms for "sky" and "earth".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few egyptian god's.

Context: Sekhmet, Amun, Ra, Nekhbet, Nut, Geb to name a few

Question: and who was the head of the egyptian people?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few egyptian god's.

Context: and who was the head of the egyptian people?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the meaning of the first egyptian god mentioned above?

Answer: She is a warrior goddess as well as goddess of healing

Sekhmet [SEP] Introduction

In Egyptian mythology, Sekhmet ( or Sachmis (), also spelled Sakhmet, Sekhet, Sakhet, or Scheme, among other spellings), is a warrior goddess as well as goddess of healing. She is depicted as a lioness. She was seen as the protector of the pharaohs and led them in warfare. Upon death, Sekhmet continued to protect them, bearing them to the afterlife. Sekhmet is a solar deity, sometimes called the daughter of Ra and often associated with the goddesses Hathor and Bastet. She bears the Uraeus, which associates her with Wadjet and royalty, and the solar disk.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few egyptian god's.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the meaning of the first egyptian god mentioned above?

Context: She is a warrior goddess as well as goddess of healing

Question: is she the daughter of any of the above mentioned god's?

Answer: Yes, sometimes called the daughter of Ra

Explanation: Sekhmet is a solar deity, sometimes called the daughter of Ra and often associated with the goddesses Hathor and Bastet.

Sekhmet [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few egyptian god's.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is she the daughter of any of the above mentioned god's?

Context: Yes, sometimes called the daughter of Ra

Question: and was there a temple built for the above mentioned goddess?

Answer: Note was made of a temple for Maahes that was an auxiliary facility to a large temple to Sekhmet at Taremu in the Delta region

Sekhmet [SEP] Worship

Participation in the festival was great, including by the priestesses and the population. Historical records of tens of thousands attending the festival exist. These findings were made in the temple of Mut because when Thebes rose to greater prominence Mut absorbed some characteristics of Sekhmet. These temple excavations at Luxor discovered a "porch of drunkenness" built onto the temple by the Pharaoh Hatshepsut during the height of her twenty-year reign. During the Greek dominance in Egypt, note was made of a temple for Maahes that was an auxiliary facility to a large temple to Sekhmet at Taremu in the Delta region, a city which the Greeks called Leontopolis.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few egyptian god's.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and was there a temple built for the above mentioned goddess?

Context: Note was made of a temple for Maahes that was an auxiliary facility to a large temple to Sekhmet at Taremu in the Delta region

Question: who discovered this?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Sekhmet [SEP] Worship

During an annual festival held at the beginning of the year, a festival of intoxication, the Egyptians danced and played music to soothe the wildness of the goddess and drank great quantities of wine ritually to imitate the extreme drunkenness that stopped the wrath of the goddess—when she almost destroyed humanity. This may relate to averting excessive flooding during the inundation at the beginning of each year as well, when the Nile ran blood-red with the silt from up-stream. In 2006, Betsy Bryan, an archaeologist with Johns Hopkins University excavating at the temple of Mut in Luxor (Thebes) presented her findings about the festival that included illustrations of the priestesses being served to excess and its adverse effects on them being ministered to by temple attendants.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few egyptian god's.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered this?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: in egyptian myth, who is known as human son og the god's?

Answer: Pharaoh

Explanation: To the Egyptians, the most important human maintainer of "maat" is the pharaoh. In myth the pharaoh is the son of a variety of deities. As such, he is their designated representative, obligated to maintain order in human society just as they do in nature, and to continue the rituals that sustain them and their activities.

Egyptian mythology [SEP] Maat

The Egyptian word written "m3ˁt," often rendered "maat" or "ma'at," refers to the fundamental order of the universe in Egyptian belief. Established at the creation of the world, "maat" distinguishes the world from the chaos that preceded and surrounds it. "Maat" encompasses both the proper behavior of humans and the normal functioning of the forces of nature, both of which make life and happiness possible. Because the actions of the gods govern natural forces and myths express those actions, Egyptian mythology represents the proper functioning of the world and the sustenance of life itself. To the Egyptians, the most important human maintainer of "maat" is the pharaoh.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few egyptian god's.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered this?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: in egyptian myth, who is known as human son og the god's?

Context: Pharaoh

Question: when was the above mentioned term first used?

Answer: It was in a letter to Akhenaten that is addressed to "Great House, L, W, H, the Lord"

Explanation: Sometime during the era of the New Kingdom, Second Intermediate Period, "pharaoh" became the form of address for a person who was king. The earliest confirmed instance where "pr ꜥꜣ" is used specifically to address the ruler is in a letter to Akhenaten (reigned c. 1353–1336 BCE) that is addressed to "Great House, L, W, H, the Lord".

Pharaoh [SEP] Etymology

The earliest confirmed instance where "pr ꜥꜣ" is used specifically to address the ruler is in a letter to Akhenaten (reigned c. 1353–1336 BCE) that is addressed to "Great House, L, W, H, the Lord". However, there is a possibility that the title "pr ꜥꜣ" was applied to Thutmose III (c. 1479–1425 BCE), depending on whether an inscription on the Temple of Armant can be confirmed to refer to that king. During the Eighteenth dynasty (sixteenth to fourteenth centuries BCE) the title pharaoh was employed as a reverential designation of the ruler. About the late Twenty-first Dynasty (tenth century BCE), however, instead of being used alone as before, it began to be added to the other titles before the ruler's name, and from the Twenty-Fifth Dynasty (eighth to seventh centuries BCE) it was, at least in ordinary usage, the only epithet prefixed to the royal appellative.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few egyptian god's.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered this?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Pharaoh

Context: when was the above mentioned term first used?

Context: It was in a letter to Akhenaten that is addressed to "Great House, L, W, H, the Lord"

Question: when was the above mentioned king born?

Answer: Donald B. Redford dated his birth before his father Amenhotep III's 25th regnal year, , based on the birth of Akhenaten's first daughter, which likely happened fairly early in his own reign

Akhenaten [SEP] Early life

Egyptologists know very little about Akhenaten's life as prince. Donald B. Redford dated his birth before his father Amenhotep III's 25th regnal year, , based on the birth of Akhenaten's first daughter, which likely happened fairly early in his own reign. The only mention of his name, as "the King's Son Amenhotep," was found on a wine docket at Amenhotep III's Malkata palace, where some historians suggested Akhenaten was born. Others contended that he was born at Memphis, where growing up he was influenced by the worship of the sun god Ra practiced at nearby Heliopolis. Redford and James K.


Question: what kind of fish are in the great salt lake in utah

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Introduction

The Great Salt Lake, located in the northern part of the U.S. state of Utah, is the largest salt water lake in the Western Hemisphere, and the eighth-largest terminal lake in the world. In an average year the lake covers an area of approximately , but the lake's size fluctuates substantially due to its shallowness. For instance, in 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of . In terms of surface area, it is the largest lake in the United States that is not part of the Great Lakes region.


Context: what kind of fish are in the great salt lake in utah

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: is it a freshwater lake or a saltwater lake?

Answer: Salt water lake

Explanation: The Great Salt Lake, located in the northern part of the U.S. state of Utah, is the largest salt water lake in the Western Hemisphere

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a freshwater lake or a saltwater lake?

Context: Salt water lake

Question: what could be the reason for the salinity of this water body?

Answer: Most of the salts dissolved in the lake and deposited in the desert flats, lake's waters are slightly enriched in potassium and depleted in calcium.

Explanation:
Most of the salts dissolved in the lake and deposited in the desert flats around it reflect the concentration of solutes by evaporation; Lake Bonneville itself was fresh enough to support populations of fish. More salt is added yearly via rivers and streams, though the amount is much less than the relict salt from Bonneville.

The salinity of the lake's main basin, Gilbert Bay, is highly variable and depends on the lake's level; it ranges from 5 to 27% (50 to 270 parts per thousand). For comparison, the average salinity of the world ocean is 3.5% (35 parts per thousand) and 33.7% in the Dead Sea. The ionic composition is similar to seawater, much more so than the Dead Sea's water; compared to the ocean, Great Salt Lake's waters are slightly enriched in potassium and depleted in calcium. Dissolved ions do not necessarily increase or decrease in step with changes of total dissolved solids. For example, in October 1903 dissolved solids tallied 27.72% and by February 1910 they were down to

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Salinity


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: what could be the reason for the salinity of this water body?

Context: Most of the salts dissolved in the lake and deposited in the desert flats, lake's waters are slightly enriched in potassium and depleted in calcium.

Question: where exactly is this water body found?

Answer: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Explanation: The Great Salt Lake, located in the northern part of the U.S. state of Utah,

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Question: how deep is this water body?

Answer: In 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of .

Explanation: For instance, in 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of .

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Introduction

Although it has been called "America's Dead Sea", the lake provides a habitat for millions of native birds, brine shrimp, shorebirds, and waterfowl, including the largest staging population of Wilson's phalarope in the world.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: In 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of .

Question: what are some of the biotic components found in this lake?

Answer: Brine shrimp,  brine flies, and several forms of algae

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Ecosystem

The high salinity in parts of the lake makes them uninhabitable for all but a few species, including brine shrimp, brine flies, and several forms of algae. The brine flies have an estimated population of over one hundred billion and serve as the main source of food for many of the birds which migrate to the lake. However, the fresh- and salt-water wetlands along the eastern and northern edges of the Great Salt Lake provide critical habitat for millions of migratory shorebirds and waterfowl in western North America. These marshes account for approximately 75% of the wetlands in Utah. Some of the birds that depend on these marshes include: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle, plus large populations of various ducks and geese.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: what are some of the biotic components found in this lake?

Context: Brine shrimp,  brine flies, and several forms of algae

Question: what is the approximate size of the first species mentioned?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Ecosystem


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: what is the approximate size of the first species mentioned?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: was there a toxic metal detected in that lake?

Answer: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Elevated mercury levels

During a survey in the mid-1990s, U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service researchers discovered a high level of methylmercury in the Great Salt Lake with 25 nanograms per liter of water. For comparison, a fish consumption advisory was issued at the Florida Everglades after water there was found to contain 1 nanogram per liter. The extremely high methylmercury concentrations have been only in the lake's anoxic deep brine layer (monimolimnion) below a depth of , but concentrations are also moderately high up in the water column where there is oxygen to support brine shrimp and brine flies.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was there a toxic metal detected in that lake?

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Question: what is the effect of the above compound in humans?

Answer: Ingested methylmercury is readily and completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. It is mostly found complexed with free cysteine and with proteins and peptides containing that amino acid

Explanation: Ingested methylmercury is readily and completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. It is mostly found complexed with free cysteine and with proteins and peptides containing that amino acid. The methylmercuric-cysteinyl complex is recognized as and/or by amino acids transporting proteins in the body as methionine, another essential amino acid. Because of this mimicry, it is transported freely throughout the body including across the blood–brain barrier and across the placenta, where it is absorbed by the developing fetus. Also for this reason as well as its strong binding to proteins, methylmercury is not readily eliminated. Methylmercury has a half-life in human blood of about 50 days.

Methylmercury [SEP] Human health effects


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: what is the effect of the above compound in humans?

Context: Ingested methylmercury is readily and completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. It is mostly found complexed with free cysteine and with proteins and peptides containing that amino acid

Question: how does that toxic compound affect fish and wildlife?

Answer: There has been increasing recognition that methylmercury affects fish and wildlife health, both in acutely polluted ecosystems and ecosystems with modest methylmercury levels

Methylmercury [SEP] Effects on fish and wildlife

In recent years, there has been increasing recognition that methylmercury affects fish and wildlife health, both in acutely polluted ecosystems and ecosystems with modest methylmercury levels. Two reviews document numerous studies of diminished reproductive success of fish, fish-eating birds, and mammals due to methylmercury contamination in aquatic ecosystems.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: how does that toxic compound affect fish and wildlife?

Context: There has been increasing recognition that methylmercury affects fish and wildlife health, both in acutely polluted ecosystems and ecosystems with modest methylmercury levels

Question: was there any special bird found in near that lake?

Answer: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle

Explanation: However, the fresh- and salt-water wetlands along the eastern and northern edges of the Great Salt Lake provide critical habitat for millions of migratory shorebirds and waterfowl in western North America. These marshes account for approximately 75% of the wetlands in Utah. Some of the birds that depend on these marshes include: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle, plus large populations of various ducks and geese.

Great Salt Lake [SEP] Ecosystem


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: was there any special bird found in near that lake?

Context: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle

Question: how would you describe the appearance of that first avian species mentioned?

Answer: It is a dainty shorebird with lobed toes and a straight fine black bill, its is is slightly larger than the red phalarope

Wilson's phalarope [SEP] Description

Wilson's phalarope is slightly larger than the red phalarope at about in length. It is a dainty shorebird with lobed toes and a straight fine black bill. The breeding female is predominantly gray and brown above, with white underparts, a reddish neck and reddish flank patches. The breeding male is a duller version of the female, with a brown back, and the reddish patches reduced or absent. Measurements: In a study of breeding phalaropes in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, females were found to average around 10% larger in standard measurements and to weigh around 30% more than the males.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Salt water lake

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that first avian species mentioned?

Context: It is a dainty shorebird with lobed toes and a straight fine black bill, its is is slightly larger than the red phalarope

Question: what do they feed on?

Answer: Small insects or crustaceans

Wilson's phalarope [SEP] Ecology and status

Wilson's phalaropes are unusually halophilic (salt-loving) and feed in great numbers when on migration on saline lakes such as Mono Lake in California, Lake Abert in Oregon, and the Great Salt Lake of Utah, often with red-necked phalaropes. When feeding, a Wilson's phalarope will often swim in a small, rapid circle, forming a small whirlpool. This behaviour is thought to aid feeding by raising food from the bottom of shallow water. The bird will reach into the outskirts of the vortex with its bill, plucking small insects or crustaceans caught up therein. The typical avian sex roles are reversed in the three phalarope species.


Context: what kind of fish are in the great salt lake in utah

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a freshwater lake or a saltwater lake?

Context: Salt water lake

Context: what could be the reason for the salinity of this water body?

Context: Most of the salts dissolved in the lake and deposited in the desert flats, lake's waters are slightly enriched in potassium and depleted in calcium.

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: In 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of .

Context: what are some of the biotic components found in this lake?

Context: Brine shrimp,  brine flies, and several forms of algae

Context: what is the approximate size of the first species mentioned?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was there a toxic metal detected in that lake?

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: what is the effect of the above compound in humans?

Context: Ingested methylmercury is readily and completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. It is mostly found complexed with free cysteine and with proteins and peptides containing that amino acid

Context: how does that toxic compound affect fish and wildlife?

Context: There has been increasing recognition that methylmercury affects fish and wildlife health, both in acutely polluted ecosystems and ecosystems with modest methylmercury levels

Context: was there any special bird found in near that lake?

Context: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that first avian species mentioned?

Context: It is a dainty shorebird with lobed toes and a straight fine black bill, its is is slightly larger than the red phalarope

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Small insects or crustaceans

Question: what is their conservation status?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what kind of fish are in the great salt lake in utah

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a freshwater lake or a saltwater lake?

Context: Salt water lake

Context: what could be the reason for the salinity of this water body?

Context: Most of the salts dissolved in the lake and deposited in the desert flats, lake's waters are slightly enriched in potassium and depleted in calcium.

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: In 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of .

Context: what are some of the biotic components found in this lake?

Context: Brine shrimp,  brine flies, and several forms of algae

Context: what is the approximate size of the first species mentioned?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was there a toxic metal detected in that lake?

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: what is the effect of the above compound in humans?

Context: Ingested methylmercury is readily and completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. It is mostly found complexed with free cysteine and with proteins and peptides containing that amino acid

Context: how does that toxic compound affect fish and wildlife?

Context: There has been increasing recognition that methylmercury affects fish and wildlife health, both in acutely polluted ecosystems and ecosystems with modest methylmercury levels

Context: was there any special bird found in near that lake?

Context: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that first avian species mentioned?

Context: It is a dainty shorebird with lobed toes and a straight fine black bill, its is is slightly larger than the red phalarope

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Small insects or crustaceans

Context: what is their conservation status?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how would you describe the appearance of that third avian species mentioned in that list?

Answer: It has has a wingspan of and weighs, the bill is black, pointed, and curved slightly upwards towards the tip.

American avocet [SEP] Description

The American avocet measures in length, has a wingspan of and weighs The bill is black, pointed, and curved slightly upwards towards the tip. It is long, surpassing twice the length of the avocet's small, rounded head. Like many waders, the avocet has long, slender legs and slightly webbed feet. The legs are a pastel grey-blue, giving it its colloquial name, blue shanks. The plumage is black and white on the back, with white on the underbelly. During the breeding season, the plumage is brassy orange on the head and neck, continuing somewhat down to the breast. After the breeding season, these bright feathers are swapped out for white and grey ones.


Context: what kind of fish are in the great salt lake in utah

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a freshwater lake or a saltwater lake?

Context: Salt water lake

Context: what could be the reason for the salinity of this water body?

Context: Most of the salts dissolved in the lake and deposited in the desert flats, lake's waters are slightly enriched in potassium and depleted in calcium.

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: In 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of .

Context: what are some of the biotic components found in this lake?

Context: Brine shrimp,  brine flies, and several forms of algae

Context: what is the approximate size of the first species mentioned?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was there a toxic metal detected in that lake?

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: what is the effect of the above compound in humans?

Context: Ingested methylmercury is readily and completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. It is mostly found complexed with free cysteine and with proteins and peptides containing that amino acid

Context: how does that toxic compound affect fish and wildlife?

Context: There has been increasing recognition that methylmercury affects fish and wildlife health, both in acutely polluted ecosystems and ecosystems with modest methylmercury levels

Context: was there any special bird found in near that lake?

Context: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that first avian species mentioned?

Context: It is a dainty shorebird with lobed toes and a straight fine black bill, its is is slightly larger than the red phalarope

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Small insects or crustaceans

Context: what is their conservation status?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that third avian species mentioned in that list?

Context: It has has a wingspan of and weighs, the bill is black, pointed, and curved slightly upwards towards the tip.

Question: what are the threats it faces?

Answer: Several threats such as shooting and trapping, contaminants and toxins such as DDT, selenium, and methylmercury, etc.

Explanation: Shooting and trapping of American avocets led to population decline until the 1900s. During this time, the species was extirpated from most of the East Coast of the United States. By 1918, Avocets became protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 703-712). Since that time, other threats have emerged. Contaminants and toxins such as DDT, selenium, and methylmercury, have had significant impacts on American avocet breeding success, especially because Avocet chicks are more susceptible to environmental disruptions than adults. The avocet also faces habitat loss. While agricultural and industrial environments have become alternate habitat for the avocet, natural wetlands are decreasing rapidly.

American avocet [SEP] Threats


Context: what kind of fish are in the great salt lake in utah

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a freshwater lake or a saltwater lake?

Context: Salt water lake

Context: what could be the reason for the salinity of this water body?

Context: Most of the salts dissolved in the lake and deposited in the desert flats, lake's waters are slightly enriched in potassium and depleted in calcium.

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: In 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of .

Context: what are some of the biotic components found in this lake?

Context: Brine shrimp,  brine flies, and several forms of algae

Context: what is the approximate size of the first species mentioned?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was there a toxic metal detected in that lake?

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: what is the effect of the above compound in humans?

Context: Ingested methylmercury is readily and completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. It is mostly found complexed with free cysteine and with proteins and peptides containing that amino acid

Context: how does that toxic compound affect fish and wildlife?

Context: There has been increasing recognition that methylmercury affects fish and wildlife health, both in acutely polluted ecosystems and ecosystems with modest methylmercury levels

Context: was there any special bird found in near that lake?

Context: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that first avian species mentioned?

Context: It is a dainty shorebird with lobed toes and a straight fine black bill, its is is slightly larger than the red phalarope

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Small insects or crustaceans

Context: what is their conservation status?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that third avian species mentioned in that list?

Context: It has has a wingspan of and weighs, the bill is black, pointed, and curved slightly upwards towards the tip.

Context: what are the threats it faces?

Context: Several threats such as shooting and trapping, contaminants and toxins such as DDT, selenium, and methylmercury, etc.

Question: what do they eat?

Answer: Crustaceans and insects

American avocet [SEP] Introduction

The American avocet ("Recurvirostra americana") is a large wader in the avocet and stilt family, Recurvirostridae. This avocet spends much of its time foraging in shallow water or on mud flats, often sweeping its bill from side to side in water as it seeks its crustacean and insect prey.


Context: what kind of fish are in the great salt lake in utah

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a freshwater lake or a saltwater lake?

Context: Salt water lake

Context: what could be the reason for the salinity of this water body?

Context: Most of the salts dissolved in the lake and deposited in the desert flats, lake's waters are slightly enriched in potassium and depleted in calcium.

Context: where exactly is this water body found?

Context: Northern part of the U.S. state of Utah

Context: how deep is this water body?

Context: In 1963 it reached its lowest recorded size at 950 square miles (2,460 km²), but in 1988 the surface area was at the historic high of .

Context: what are some of the biotic components found in this lake?

Context: Brine shrimp,  brine flies, and several forms of algae

Context: what is the approximate size of the first species mentioned?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was there a toxic metal detected in that lake?

Context: Yes,  high level of methylmercury

Context: what is the effect of the above compound in humans?

Context: Ingested methylmercury is readily and completely absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. It is mostly found complexed with free cysteine and with proteins and peptides containing that amino acid

Context: how does that toxic compound affect fish and wildlife?

Context: There has been increasing recognition that methylmercury affects fish and wildlife health, both in acutely polluted ecosystems and ecosystems with modest methylmercury levels

Context: was there any special bird found in near that lake?

Context: Wilson's phalarope, red-necked phalarope, American avocet, black-necked stilt, marbled godwit, snowy plover, western sandpiper, long-billed dowitcher, tundra swan, American white pelican, white-faced ibis, California gull, eared grebe, peregrine falcon, bald eagle

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that first avian species mentioned?

Context: It is a dainty shorebird with lobed toes and a straight fine black bill, its is is slightly larger than the red phalarope

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Small insects or crustaceans

Context: what is their conservation status?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how would you describe the appearance of that third avian species mentioned in that list?

Context: It has has a wingspan of and weighs, the bill is black, pointed, and curved slightly upwards towards the tip.

Context: what are the threats it faces?

Context: Several threats such as shooting and trapping, contaminants and toxins such as DDT, selenium, and methylmercury, etc.

Context: what do they eat?

Context: Crustaceans and insects

Question: how many eggs do they lay?

Answer: Four eggs

American avocet [SEP] Breeding

American avocets breed in anything from freshwater to hypersaline wetlands in the western and mid-west United States. American avocets form breeding colonies numbering in dozens of pairs. Throughout the breeding season, birds pair off in a series of copulatory displays. After breeding, the birds gather in large flocks, sometimes amounting to hundreds of birds. Nesting takes place near water, usually on small islands or mucky shorelines where access by predators is difficult. Together, the male and female build a saucer-shaped nest, take turns incubating the four eggs, and tending to the precocial young. Upon hatching, the chicks feed themselves; they are never fed by their parents.


Question: what does the flag of manitoba look like?

Answer: A Red Ensign defaced with the shield of the provincial coat of arms.

Flag of Manitoba [SEP] Introduction

The flag of Manitoba consists of a Red Ensign defaced with the shield of the provincial coat of arms. Adopted in 1965 shortly after the new national flag was inaugurated, it has been the flag of the province since May 12 of the following year. Its adoption was intended to maintain the legacy of the Canadian Red Ensign as the country's unofficial flag, after the adoption of the Maple Leaf Flag in 1965. Manitoba's flag has been frequently mistaken for the flag of the neighbouring province of Ontario, which is also a Red Ensign with its respective coat of arms.


Context: what does the flag of manitoba look like?

Context: A Red Ensign defaced with the shield of the provincial coat of arms.

Question: who created the design for it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Flag of Manitoba [SEP] Introduction


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Answer: It is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Red Ensign [SEP] Introduction

The Red Ensign or "Red Duster" is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is one of the British ensigns, and it is used either plain or defaced with a badge or other emblem, mostly in the right half. It is the flag flown by British merchant or passenger ships since 1707. Prior to 1707, an English red ensign and a Scottish red ensign were flown by the English and Scottish Royal navies, respectively. The precise date of the first appearance of these earlier red ensigns is not known, but surviving payment receipts indicate that the English navy was paying to have such flags sewn in the 1620s.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: It is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Question: what does it mean to have a defaced version of this?

Answer: In this context, the word "deface" carries no negative connotations, in contrast to general usage, it simply indicates differentiation of the flag from that of another owner by addition of elements.

Explanation:
Defacement, in heraldry and vexillology, is the addition of a symbol or charge to another flag. For example, the New Zealand flag is the British Blue Ensign defaced with a Southern Cross in the fly.

In the context of vexillology, the word "deface" carries no negative connotations, in contrast to general usage. It simply indicates differentiation of the flag from that of another owner by addition of elements. For example, many state flags are formed by defacing the national flag with a coat of arms.

Defacement (flag) [SEP] Introduction


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: what does it mean to have a defaced version of this?

Context: In this context, the word "deface" carries no negative connotations, in contrast to general usage, it simply indicates differentiation of the flag from that of another owner by addition of elements.

Question: which countries carry this version on their flags?

Answer: Italy, Hungary, Romania, Germany, Ethiopia, and Iran.

Defacement (flag) [SEP] History

Where countries pass through changes of regime with contrasting ideological orientations (monarchist/republican, fascist/democratic, communist/capitalist, secular/religious etc.)—all of which, despite their differences, claim allegiance to a common national heritage expressed in a venerated national flag—it can happen that a new regime defaces that flag with its own specific emblem while keeping the basic flag design unchanged. Such changing ideological emblems appeared over time, among others, on the flags of Italy, Hungary, Romania, Germany (West and East; see illustration), Ethiopia, and Iran. As a result, during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 and the Romanian Revolution of 1989, insurgents tore the emblem of the regime that they opposed out of the national flag and waved the flag with which they identified.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: which countries carry this version on their flags?

Context: Italy, Hungary, Romania, Germany, Ethiopia, and Iran.

Question: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Answer: The Australian flag.

Defacement (flag) [SEP] History

An already defaced flag can be further defaced. For example, the Australian flag is a defaced Blue Ensign. The Australian Border Force Flag is further defaced with the words "Australian border force" in block letters. In the United States, it is against the Flag Code to deface the national flag with advertising or with any other sigil, image, or insignia. Such flags are nevertheless commercially available, depicting the seals of various branches of the U.S. military, Native American-related objects such as tomahawks or war bonnets, and the like.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Question: can you describe the flag of the first country mentioned above?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Defacement (flag) [SEP] History


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: can you describe the flag of the first country mentioned above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what are some of the water bodies in or around this country?

Answer: The Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea, the Ionian Sea, the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea

Italy [SEP] Waters

Four different seas surround the Italian Peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea from three sides: the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea in the south, and the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea in the west. Most of the rivers of Italy drain either into the Adriatic Sea, such as the Po, Piave, Adige, Brenta, Tagliamento, and Reno, or into the Tyrrhenian, like the Arno, Tiber and Volturno. The waters from some border municipalities (Livigno in Lombardy, Innichen and Sexten in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol) drain into the Black Sea through the basin of the Drava, a tributary of the Danube, and the waters from the Lago di Lei in Lombardy drain into the North Sea through the basin of the Rhine.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are some of the water bodies in or around this country?

Context: The Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea, the Ionian Sea, the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea

Question: what other countries have a coast along the first sea?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Italy [SEP] Waters


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what other countries have a coast along the first sea?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: are there any volcanoes in this country mentioned above?

Answer: Yes, there are 14 volcanoes in Italy, four of which are active: Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Vesuvius.

Italy [SEP] Volcanology

The country is situated at the meeting point of the Eurasian Plate and the African Plate, leading to considerable seismic and volcanic activity. There are 14 volcanoes in Italy, four of which are active: Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Vesuvius. The last is the only active volcano in mainland Europe and is most famous for the destruction of Pompeii and Herculanum in the eruption in 79 AD. Several islands and hills have been created by volcanic activity, and there is still a large active caldera, the Campi Flegrei north-west of Naples. The high volcanic and magmatic neogenic activity is subdivided into provinces: Italy was the first country to exploit geothermal energy to produce electricity.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there any volcanoes in this country mentioned above?

Context: Yes, there are 14 volcanoes in Italy, four of which are active: Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Vesuvius.

Question: where is the third one located?

Answer: It is a small volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands.

Vulcano [SEP] Introduction

Vulcano () or Vulcan is a small volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands. The island is in area, rises to above sea level, and it contains several volcanic calderas, including one of the four active volcanoes in Italy that are not submarine. The word "volcano", and its equivalent in several European languages, derives from the name of this island, which in turn derives from Vulcan, the Roman god of fire.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is the third one located?

Context: It is a small volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands.

Question: when was the last time it erupted?

Answer: 1888.

Vulcano [SEP] History

The Romans used the island mainly for raw materials, harvesting timber, and mining alum and sulfur. These were the principal activities on the island until the end of the nineteenth century. After the Bourbon rule collapsed in 1860, the Scottish industrialist and philanthropist James Stevenson bought the northern part of the island. He then built a villa, reopened the local mines, and planted vineyards for making Malmsey wine. Stevenson lived on Vulcano until the last major eruption on the island happened in 1888. This eruption lasted the better part of two years, by which time Stevenson had sold all of his property to the local populace.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is the third one located?

Context: when was the last time it erupted?

Question: does it appear in any mythological tales?

Answer: Yes, Greek, the island appeared in their myths as the private foundry of the Olympian god Hephaestus, the patron of blacksmiths.

Vulcano [SEP] Mythology

The Ancient Greeks named this island "Therasía" (Θηρασία) and "Thérmessa" (Θέρμεσσα, source of heat). The island appeared in their myths as the private foundry of the Olympian god Hephaestus, the patron of blacksmiths. Their myths noted two more of his foundries, at Etna and Olympus. Strabo also mentions Thermessa as "sacred place of Hephaestus" (ἱερὰ Ἡφαίστου), but it is not certain whether this was a third name for the island, or merely an adjective. Similarly, the Romans believed that Vulcano was the chimney of their god Vulcan's workshop and, therefore, named the island after him. According to the Roman myths, the island had grown due to his periodic clearing of cinders and ashes from his forge.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is the third one located?

Context: when was the last time it erupted?

Context: does it appear in any mythological tales?

Context: Yes, Greek, the island appeared in their myths as the private foundry of the Olympian god Hephaestus, the patron of blacksmiths.

Question: what does the above-mentioned god make?

Answer: He made all the weapons of the gods in Olympus.

Hephaestus [SEP] Introduction

Hephaestus (; eight spellings; "Hēphaistos") is the Greek god of blacksmiths, metalworking, carpenters, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metallurgy, fire (compare, however, with Hestia), and volcanoes. Hephaestus' Roman counterpart is Vulcan. In Greek mythology, Hephaestus was either the son of Zeus and Hera or he was Hera's parthenogenous child. He was cast off Mount Olympus by his mother because of his deformity or, in another account, by Zeus for protecting Hera from his advances. As a smithing god, Hephaestus made all the weapons of the gods in Olympus. He served as the blacksmith of the gods, and was worshipped in the manufacturing and industrial centres of Greece, particularly Athens.


Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is the third one located?

Context: when was the last time it erupted?

Context: what does the above-mentioned god make?

Context: He made all the weapons of the gods in Olympus.

Question: who were his parents?

Answer: Zeus and Hera.

Explanation: ephaestus was either the son of Zeus and Hera or he was Hera's parthenogenous child.

Hephaestus [SEP] Introduction


Context: what does the flag of manitoba look like?

Context: A Red Ensign defaced with the shield of the provincial coat of arms.

Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: It is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Context: what does it mean to have a defaced version of this?

Context: In this context, the word "deface" carries no negative connotations, in contrast to general usage, it simply indicates differentiation of the flag from that of another owner by addition of elements.

Context: which countries carry this version on their flags?

Context: Italy, Hungary, Romania, Germany, Ethiopia, and Iran.

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: can you describe the flag of the first country mentioned above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are some of the water bodies in or around this country?

Context: The Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea, the Ionian Sea, the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea

Context: what other countries have a coast along the first sea?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there any volcanoes in this country mentioned above?

Context: Yes, there are 14 volcanoes in Italy, four of which are active: Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Vesuvius.

Context: where is the third one located?

Context: It is a small volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands.

Context: when was the last time it erupted?

Context: does it appear in any mythological tales?

Context: Yes, Greek, the island appeared in their myths as the private foundry of the Olympian god Hephaestus, the patron of blacksmiths.

Context: what does the above-mentioned god make?

Context: He made all the weapons of the gods in Olympus.

Context: who were his parents?

Context: Zeus and Hera.

Question: who were his consorts or wives?

Answer: Aphrodite and Cabeiro.

Explanation:
According to most versions, Hephaestus's consort is Aphrodite, who is unfaithful to Hephaestus with a number of gods and mortals, including Ares. However, in Book XVIII of Homer's "Iliad", the consort of Hephaestus is a lesser Aphrodite, Charis ("the grace") or Aglaia ("the glorious") – the youngest of the Graces, as Hesiod calls her.
In Athens, there is a Temple of Hephaestus, the "Hephaesteum" (miscalled the "Theseum")

Hephaestus [SEP] Consorts and children

On the island of Lemnos, Hephaestus' consort was the sea nymph Cabeiro, by whom he was the father of two metalworking gods named the Cabeiri. In Sicily, his consort was the nymph Aetna, and his sons were two gods of Sicilian geysers called Palici. With Thalia, Hephaestus was sometimes considered the father of the Palici. Hephaestus fathered several children with mortals and immortals alike. One of those children was the robber Periphetes.


Context: what does the flag of manitoba look like?

Context: A Red Ensign defaced with the shield of the provincial coat of arms.

Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: It is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Context: what does it mean to have a defaced version of this?

Context: In this context, the word "deface" carries no negative connotations, in contrast to general usage, it simply indicates differentiation of the flag from that of another owner by addition of elements.

Context: which countries carry this version on their flags?

Context: Italy, Hungary, Romania, Germany, Ethiopia, and Iran.

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: can you describe the flag of the first country mentioned above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are some of the water bodies in or around this country?

Context: The Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea, the Ionian Sea, the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea

Context: what other countries have a coast along the first sea?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there any volcanoes in this country mentioned above?

Context: Yes, there are 14 volcanoes in Italy, four of which are active: Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Vesuvius.

Context: where is the third one located?

Context: It is a small volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands.

Context: when was the last time it erupted?

Context: does it appear in any mythological tales?

Context: Yes, Greek, the island appeared in their myths as the private foundry of the Olympian god Hephaestus, the patron of blacksmiths.

Context: what does the above-mentioned god make?

Context: He made all the weapons of the gods in Olympus.

Context: who were his parents?

Context: Zeus and Hera.

Context: who were his consorts or wives?

Context: Aphrodite and Cabeiro.

Question: are there any planets named after him?

Answer: Yes, 2212 Hephaistos.

Explanation: The minor planet 2212 Hephaistos discovered in 1978 by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Chernykh was named in Hephaestus' honour.

Hephaestus [SEP] Minor planet


Context: what does the flag of manitoba look like?

Context: A Red Ensign defaced with the shield of the provincial coat of arms.

Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: It is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Context: what does it mean to have a defaced version of this?

Context: In this context, the word "deface" carries no negative connotations, in contrast to general usage, it simply indicates differentiation of the flag from that of another owner by addition of elements.

Context: which countries carry this version on their flags?

Context: Italy, Hungary, Romania, Germany, Ethiopia, and Iran.

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: can you describe the flag of the first country mentioned above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are some of the water bodies in or around this country?

Context: The Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea, the Ionian Sea, the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea

Context: what other countries have a coast along the first sea?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there any volcanoes in this country mentioned above?

Context: Yes, there are 14 volcanoes in Italy, four of which are active: Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Vesuvius.

Context: where is the third one located?

Context: It is a small volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands.

Context: when was the last time it erupted?

Context: does it appear in any mythological tales?

Context: Yes, Greek, the island appeared in their myths as the private foundry of the Olympian god Hephaestus, the patron of blacksmiths.

Context: what does the above-mentioned god make?

Context: He made all the weapons of the gods in Olympus.

Context: who were his parents?

Context: Zeus and Hera.

Context: who were his consorts or wives?

Context: Aphrodite and Cabeiro.

Context: are there any planets named after him?

Context: Yes, 2212 Hephaistos.

Question: what type of planet is it?

Answer: Its a minor planet.

Hephaestus [SEP] Minor planet


Context: what does the flag of manitoba look like?

Context: A Red Ensign defaced with the shield of the provincial coat of arms.

Context: who created the design for it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the ensign mentioned above?

Context: It is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Context: what does it mean to have a defaced version of this?

Context: In this context, the word "deface" carries no negative connotations, in contrast to general usage, it simply indicates differentiation of the flag from that of another owner by addition of elements.

Context: which countries carry this version on their flags?

Context: Italy, Hungary, Romania, Germany, Ethiopia, and Iran.

Context: is there a blue version of the ensign?

Context: The Australian flag.

Context: can you describe the flag of the first country mentioned above?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what are some of the water bodies in or around this country?

Context: The Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea, the Ionian Sea, the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea

Context: what other countries have a coast along the first sea?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there any volcanoes in this country mentioned above?

Context: Yes, there are 14 volcanoes in Italy, four of which are active: Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Vesuvius.

Context: where is the third one located?

Context: It is a small volcanic island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands.

Context: when was the last time it erupted?

Context: does it appear in any mythological tales?

Context: Yes, Greek, the island appeared in their myths as the private foundry of the Olympian god Hephaestus, the patron of blacksmiths.

Context: what does the above-mentioned god make?

Context: He made all the weapons of the gods in Olympus.

Context: who were his parents?

Context: Zeus and Hera.

Context: who were his consorts or wives?

Context: Aphrodite and Cabeiro.

Context: are there any planets named after him?

Context: Yes, 2212 Hephaistos.

Context: what type of planet is it?

Context: Its a minor planet.

Question: why are these called so?

Answer: They are astronomical objects in direct orbit around the Sun (or more broadly, any star with a planetary system) that is neither a planet nor exclusively classified as a comet.

Minor planet [SEP] Introduction

A minor planet is an astronomical object in direct orbit around the Sun (or more broadly, any star with a planetary system) that is neither a planet nor exclusively classified as a comet. Before 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially used the term "minor planet", but during that year's meeting it reclassified minor planets and comets into dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies (SSSBs). Minor planets can be dwarf planets, asteroids, trojans, centaurs, Kuiper belt objects, and other trans-Neptunian objects. As of 2019, the orbits of 794,832 minor planets were archived at the Minor Planet Center, 541,128 of which had received permanent numbers ).