Context: Dinaric Alps

Context: what is the climate in this country?

Context: what are the rivers found here?

Context: Danube, Drava, Kupa, and Sava

Context: Germany

Context: what is the length of this watercourse?

Context: It flows through 10 countries.

Question: what is the mouth of this river?

Answer: One of the mouths of the Danube is called Chilia.

Danube [SEP] Ancient cultural perspectives of the lower Danube

It was on Leuke, in one version of his legend, that the hero Achilles was buried (to this day, one of the mouths of the Danube is called Chilia). Old Romanian folk songs recount a white monastery on a white island with nine priests.


Context: where is croatia located in the world map

Context: At the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe on the Adriatic Sea.

Context: name some mountains found in this country.

Context: Dinaric Alps

Context: what is the climate in this country?

Context: Moderately warm and rainy continental climate

Context: what are the rivers found here?

Context: Danube, Drava, Kupa, and Sava

Context: where does the first river originate from?

Context: Germany

Context: what is the length of this watercourse?

Context: It flows through 10 countries.

Context: what is the mouth of this river?

Context: One of the mouths of the Danube is called Chilia.

Question: what countries does this river pass by?

Answer: It passes through or touches the borders of 10 countries: Romania, Hungary, Serbia, Austria, Germany, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Croatia, Ukraine, and Moldova. Its drainage basin extends into nine more (ten if Kosovo is included)

Explanation: the river passes through or touches the borders of 10 countries: Romania (29.0% of basin area), Hungary (11.6%), Serbia (10.2%), Austria (10.0%), Germany (7.0%), Bulgaria (5.9%), Slovakia (5.9%), Croatia (4.4%), Ukraine (3.8%), and Moldova (1.6%). Its drainage basin extends into nine more (ten if Kosovo is included).

Danube [SEP] Geography

Classified as an international waterway, it originates in the town of Donaueschingen, in the Black Forest of Germany, at the confluence of the rivers Brigach and Breg. The Danube then flows southeast for about , passing through four capital cities (Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest, and Belgrade) before emptying into the Black Sea via the Danube Delta in Romania and Ukraine. Once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire, the river passes through or touches the borders of 10 countries: Romania (29.0% of basin area), Hungary (11.6%), Serbia (10.2%), Austria (10.0%), Germany (7.0%), Bulgaria (5.9%), Slovakia (5.9%), Croatia (4.4%), Ukraine (3.8%), and Moldova (1.6%).


Context: Dinaric Alps

Context: what is the climate in this country?

Context: what are the rivers found here?

Context: Danube, Drava, Kupa, and Sava

Context: Germany

Context: what is the length of this watercourse?

Context: It flows through 10 countries.

Context: what is the mouth of this river?

Context: what countries does this river pass by?

Context: It passes through or touches the borders of 10 countries: Romania, Hungary, Serbia, Austria, Germany, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Croatia, Ukraine, and Moldova. Its drainage basin extends into nine more (ten if Kosovo is included)

Question: what fishes will you find in it?

Answer: Beluga, Russian sturgeon, bastard sturgeon, sterlet, starry sturgeon and European sea sturgeon

Danube [SEP] Fishing

The spawning areas of migratory fishes species has been dramatically reduced by the construction of hydropower and navigation systems at Iron Gates I (1974) and Iron Gates II (1984). The initial design of these dams has not included any fish passage facility. The possibility of building a man-made fish pass enabling migration for fish species including the sturgeon, is currently under review by projects such as We Pass. The Upper Danube ecoregion alone has about 60 fish species and the Lower Danube–Dniester ecoregion has about twice as many. Among these are an exceptionally high diversity of sturgeon, a total of six species (beluga, Russian sturgeon, bastard sturgeon, sterlet, starry sturgeon and European sea sturgeon), but these are all threatened and have largely–or entirely in the case of the European sea sturgeon–disappeared from the river.


Context: Dinaric Alps

Context: what is the climate in this country?

Context: what are the rivers found here?

Context: Danube, Drava, Kupa, and Sava

Context: Germany

Context: what is the length of this watercourse?

Context: It flows through 10 countries.

Context: what is the mouth of this river?

Context: what countries does this river pass by?

Context: what fishes will you find in it?

Context: Beluga, Russian sturgeon, bastard sturgeon, sterlet, starry sturgeon and European sea sturgeon

Question: what are some of the tourist spots in the country which you mentioned which has a continental climate?

Answer: Opatija, Blue Flag beaches

Explanation: Blue Flag beaches.

Croatia [SEP] Tourism

Inland areas offer agrotourism, mountain resorts, and spas. Zagreb is also a significant tourist destination, rivalling major coastal cities and resorts. Croatia has unpolluted marine areas reflected through numerous nature reserves and 116 Blue Flag beaches. Croatia is ranked as the 23rd most popular tourist destination in the world. About 15% of these visitors, or over one million per year, are involved with naturism, an industry for which Croatia is world-famous. It was also the first European country to develop commercial naturist resorts.


Question: how many chapters are on the last of us

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

The Last of Us [SEP] Introduction

The Last of Us is a 2013 action-adventure game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. Players control Joel, a smuggler tasked with escorting a teenage girl, Ellie, across a post-apocalyptic United States. "The Last of Us" is played from a third-person perspective. Players use firearms and improvised weapons, and can use stealth to defend against hostile humans and cannibalistic creatures infected by a mutated fungus in the genus "Cordyceps". In the online multiplayer mode, up to eight players engage in cooperative and competitive gameplay. Development of "The Last of Us" began in 2009, soon after the release of Naughty Dog's previous game, "".


Context:
how many chapters are on the last of us
UNANSWERABLE

Question: what does it refers to?

Answer: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Explanation: is a 2013 action-adventure game

The Last of Us [SEP] Introduction


Context:
how many chapters are on the last of us
UNANSWERABLE
what does it refers to?
It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Question: who developed it?

Answer: Naughty Dog

Explanation: Naughty Dog

The Last of Us [SEP] Introduction


Context:
how many chapters are on the last of us
UNANSWERABLE
what does it refers to?
It  is a 2013 action-adventure game
who developed it?
Naughty Dog

Question: is this a company?

Answer: Yes, it is an American first-party video game developer company

Naughty Dog [SEP] Introduction

Naughty Dog, LLC (formerly JAM Software, Inc.) is an American first-party video game developer based in Santa Monica, California. Founded by Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin in 1984 as an independent developer, the studio was acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment in 2001. Gavin and Rubin produced a sequence of progressively more successful games, including "Rings of Power" and "Way of the Warrior" in the early 1990s. The latter game prompted Universal Interactive Studios to sign the duo to a three-title contract and fund the expansion of the company. After designer and producer Mark Cerny convinced Naughty Dog to create a character-based platform game that would use the 3D capabilities of the new systems, Naughty Dog created "Crash Bandicoot" for the PlayStation in 1996.


Context: how many chapters are on the last of us

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does it refers to?

Context: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Naughty Dog

Context: is this a company?

Context: Yes, it is an American first-party video game developer company

Question: whose company is it?

Answer: It was later acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment

Explanation: Founded by Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin in 1984 as an independent developer, the studio was acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment in 2001.

Naughty Dog [SEP] Introduction


Context: how many chapters are on the last of us

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does it refers to?

Context: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Naughty Dog

Context: is this a company?

Context: whose company is it?

Context: It was later acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment

Question: how many players are required to play the above game?

Answer: It is  played from a third-person perspective.

Explanation: played from a third-person perspective.

The Last of Us [SEP] Gameplay

"The Last of Us" is an action-adventure survival horror game played from a third-person perspective. The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as towns, buildings, forests, and sewers to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, and stealth to defend against hostile humans and cannibalistic creatures infected by a mutated strain of the "Cordyceps" fungus. For most of the game, the player takes control of Joel, a man tasked with escorting a young girl, Ellie, across the United States. The player also controls Ellie throughout the game's winter segment, and briefly controls Joel's daughter Sarah in the opening sequence.


Context: how many chapters are on the last of us

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does it refers to?

Context: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Naughty Dog

Context: is this a company?

Context: whose company is it?

Context: how many players are required to play the above game?

Context: It is  played from a third-person perspective.

Question: can you state any feature of the game palying?

Answer: The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as towns, buildings, forests, and sewers to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, and stealth to defend against hostile humans

Explanation: The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as towns, buildings, forests, and sewers to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, and stealth to defend against hostile humans

The Last of Us [SEP] Gameplay


Context: how many chapters are on the last of us

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does it refers to?

Context: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Naughty Dog

Context: is this a company?

Context: whose company is it?

Context: can you state any feature of the game palying?

Context: The player traverses post-apocalyptic environments such as towns, buildings, forests, and sewers to advance the story. The player can use firearms, improvised weapons, and stealth to defend against hostile humans

Question: can you name some other games that the above company have developed?

Answer: "Rings of Power" and "Way of the Warrior"

Explanation: avin and Rubin produced a sequence of progressively more successful games, including "Rings of Power" and "Way of the Warrior" in the early 1990s. Th

Naughty Dog [SEP] Introduction


Context: how many chapters are on the last of us

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does it refers to?

Context: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Naughty Dog

Context: is this a company?

Context: whose company is it?

Context: can you name some other games that the above company have developed?

Context: "Rings of Power" and "Way of the Warrior"

Question: has the aforementioned game won any award?

Answer: Yes,  the British Academy Video Games Awards

The Last of Us [SEP] Accolades

Prior to its release, "The Last of Us" received numerous awards for its previews at E3. It was review aggregators Metacritic and GameRankings' second-highest rated for the year 2013, behind "Grand Theft Auto V". The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013, receiving wins from the 41st Annie Awards, "The A.V. Club", the British Academy Video Games Awards, Canada.com, "Daily Mirror", "The Daily Telegraph", "Destructoid", the 17th Annual DICE Awards, "The Escapist", "GamesRadar", GameTrailers, the 14th Annual Developers Choice Awards, Game Revolution, Giant Bomb, "Good Game", "Hardcore Gamer", "IGN", "IGN" Australia, "International Business Times", "Kotaku", National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers, "VG247", VideoGamer.com.


Context: how many chapters are on the last of us

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does it refers to?

Context: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Naughty Dog

Context: is this a company?

Context: whose company is it?

Context: has the aforementioned game won any award?

Context: Yes,  the British Academy Video Games Awards

Question: and is it adapted to any film or series?

Answer: Yes,  In March 2020, a television adaptation of the game was announced in the planning stages at HBO.

The Last of Us [SEP] Adaptations

In March 2020, a television adaptation of the game was announced in the planning stages at HBO, expected to cover events of this game and possibly some parts of its sequel. Alongside Druckmann, Craig Mazin was named to help write and executive produce the series. Additional executive producers will include television producer Carolyn Strauss, Naughty Dog CEO Evan Wells, and director Johan Renck. Renck will also direct the pilot episode. The show is a joint production of Sony Pictures Television and PlayStation Productions, and the first show produced by the latter. Santaolalla will compose the score.


Context: how many chapters are on the last of us

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does it refers to?

Context: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Naughty Dog

Context: is this a company?

Context: whose company is it?

Context: and is it adapted to any film or series?

Context: Yes,  In March 2020, a television adaptation of the game was announced in the planning stages at HBO.

Question: can you name any program that is broadcasted on this alst mentioned channel?

Answer: HBO's programming schedule currently consists largely of theatrically released feature films and adult-oriented original series including, dramas such as "Euphoria", "Lovecraft Country"

HBO [SEP] Programming

HBO's programming schedule currently consists largely of theatrically released feature films and adult-oriented original series (including, , dramas such as "Euphoria", "Lovecraft Country", "Perry Mason", "My Brilliant Friend", "Succession" and "Westworld"; comedies such as "Curb Your Enthusiasm", "Insecure", "Barry", "Los Espookys" and "High Maintenance"; and topical satires "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver" and "Real Time with Bill Maher"). In addition, HBO also carries documentary films, sports-centric documentary and magazine series, occasional original made-for-TV movies and specials (the latter consisting of concert and stand-up comedy programs), original children's programming, and short-form behind-the-scenes specials centered mainly on theatrical films (either running in their initial theatrical or HBO/Cinemax broadcast window).


Context: how many chapters are on the last of us

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does it refers to?

Context: It  is a 2013 action-adventure game

Context: who developed it?

Context: Naughty Dog

Context: is this a company?

Context: whose company is it?

Context: can you name any program that is broadcasted on this alst mentioned channel?

Context: HBO's programming schedule currently consists largely of theatrically released feature films and adult-oriented original series including, dramas such as "Euphoria", "Lovecraft Country"

Question: does it have an hd version?

Answer: Yes, it is a high definition simulcast feed of HBO that broadcasts in the 1080i resolution format.

HBO [SEP] HBO HD

HBO HD (originally called HBO HDTV from March 1999 until April 2006) is a high definition simulcast feed of HBO that broadcasts in the 1080i resolution format. HBO maintains high definition simulcast feeds of its main channel and all six multiplex channels. HBO HD is available on all major cable television providers including, among others, Charter Communications (including systems once owned by former HBO sister company Time Warner Cable); Comcast Xfinity (which, in 2016, began downconverting HBO, Cinemax and other cable channels transmitting in 1080i to 720p60); Cox Communications and Optimum; as well as DirecTV; AT&T U-verse; and Verizon FiOS.


Question: which places do u.s. route 80 in arizona connect?

Answer: From the California border in Yuma to the New Mexico state line near Lordsburg.

Explanation: At its peak, US 80 traveled from the California border in Yuma to the New Mexico state line near Lordsburg.

U.S. Route 80 in Arizona [SEP] Introduction

Highway was seen as a redundant designation. The US 80 designation was removed from Arizona between 1977 and 1989. The remaining stand-alone sections of US 80 in Arizona, not concurrent with other highways, were re-designated as State Route 80, a northern extension of SR 85 and various Interstate business loops. In September 2018, the Arizona Department of Transportation designated many surviving segments of the former highway as Historic U.S. Route 80, making it the fourth state-recognized historic route in Arizona's history.


Context: which places do u.s. route 80 in arizona connect?

Context: From the California border in Yuma to the New Mexico state line near Lordsburg.

Question: when was it started?

Answer: November 11, 1926

Explanation: U.S. Route 80 (US 80) also known as the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway, the Broadway of America and the Jefferson Davis Memorial Highway was a major transcontinental highway that existed in the U.S. state of Arizona from November 11, 1926, to October 6, 1989.


Context: when was it started?

Context: November 11, 1926

Question: was any tunnel constructed here?

Answer: Yes, the construction of the Mule Pass Tunnel

Explanation: By far the largest combined roadway improvement project on US 80 in the 1950s was the construction of the Mule Pass Tunnel and adjoining bypass of downtown

U.S. Route 80 in Arizona [SEP] Construction of the Mule Pass Tunnel

The tunnel crew exceeded their own record twice by September, first increasing to of material excavated per day, then further to of material per day. By October 6, over of tunnel had been excavated. The width of the tunnel was now wide, exceeding the original proposed width. The tunnel also measured in height at an elevation of above sea level. As the tunnel was excavated, the bore was supported by multiple steel reinforcing beams.


Context: when was it started?

Context: November 11, 1926

Context: was any tunnel constructed here?

Context: Yes, the construction of the Mule Pass Tunnel

Question: can you give a very brief description of this route?

Answer: Within the state of Arizona, US 80 made two indirect loops to both Phoenix and Douglas, and the odd shape created by the two "loops" gave US 80 a long length through the state of Arizona.

Explanation: Within the state of Arizona, US 80 made two indirect loops to both Phoenix and Douglas. Both loops were often bypassed by travelers, using the more direct routes of SR 84 and SR 86 respectively to decrease travel time between California and New Mexico. The odd shape created by the two "loops" gave US 80 a long length through the state of Arizona, which was around in total. In 1935, US 80 was long. By 1951, the total length had reduced to about , shrinking further to in 1956 with the bypass of Arlington and the Gillespie Dam. The following route description roughly describes the path of US 80 as it would have been in 1951.

U.S. Route 80 in Arizona [SEP] Route description


Context: when was it started?

Context: November 11, 1926

Context: was any tunnel constructed here?

Context: can you give a very brief description of this route?

Context: Within the state of Arizona, US 80 made two indirect loops to both Phoenix and Douglas, and the odd shape created by the two "loops" gave US 80 a long length through the state of Arizona.

Question: why was the tunnel constructed, any idea?

Answer: The older route of US 80 over Mule Pass provided a dangerous obstacle for vehicles heading into Bisbee.

Explanation: the older route of US 80 over Mule Pass (also known as the Old Divide) provided a dangerous obstacle for vehicles heading into Bisbee. It was a common occurrence for large trucks to lose their brakes on the steep grades, resulting injury and in worst cases, death. Furthermore, winter snowfall and ice made crossing the Old Divide sometimes impossible. Plans had been in place since the 1930s to replace the treacherous route with a tunnel. By the 1950s however, US 80 still utilized the Old Divide routing with no tunnel having been constructed.

The outcome of the suit would determine the legality of the contract. On March 5, 1957, the court ruled the contract was legal, despite being over budget. When financial issues were settled, the state of Arizona ended up paying for 28 percent of the cost, with the remainder being reimbursed by the Federal Government. Initial work on the tunnel itself began on January 9, 1957 with excavation work commencing on the Bisbee end of Mule Pass. By August 10, the construction crews were excavating an average of per day. This broke the world record of most earth excavated by a drilling machine per day, breaking the previous record of set in Australia.


Context: when was it started?

Context: November 11, 1926

Context: was any tunnel constructed here?

Context: why was the tunnel constructed, any idea?

Context: The older route of US 80 over Mule Pass provided a dangerous obstacle for vehicles heading into Bisbee.

Question: which places serve as the tourist attractions here?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

By far the largest combined roadway improvement project on US 80 in the 1950s was the construction of the Mule Pass Tunnel and adjoining bypass of downtown Bisbee. Originally constructed as a wagon road in December 1881 and becoming a paved auto highway by the 1920s, the older route of US 80 over Mule Pass (also known as the Old Divide) provided a dangerous obstacle for vehicles heading into Bisbee. It was a common occurrence for large trucks to lose their brakes on the steep grades, resulting injury and in worst cases, death. Furthermore, winter snowfall and ice made crossing the Old Divide sometimes impossible.


Context: when was it started?

Context: November 11, 1926

Context: was any tunnel constructed here?

Context: which places serve as the tourist attractions here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: the above state that you mentioned, is it prone to earthquakes?

Answer: Yes, but  Arizona is at low risk of earthquakes, except for the southwestern portion which is at moderate risk due to its proximity to southern California.

Arizona [SEP] Earthquakes

Generally, Arizona is at low risk of earthquakes, except for the southwestern portion which is at moderate risk due to its proximity to southern California. On the other hand, northern Arizona is at moderate risk due to numerous faults in the area. The regions near and west of Phoenix have the lowest risk. The earliest Arizona earthquakes were recorded at Fort Yuma, on the California side of the Colorado River. They were centered near the Imperial Valley, or Mexico, back in the 1800s. Residents in Douglas felt the 1887 Sonora earthquake with its epicenter to the south in the Mexican state of Sonora.


Context: when was it started?

Context: November 11, 1926

Context: was any tunnel constructed here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: the above state that you mentioned, is it prone to earthquakes?

Context: Yes, but  Arizona is at low risk of earthquakes, except for the southwestern portion which is at moderate risk due to its proximity to southern California.

Question: name some cities?

Answer: Phoenix, Glendale, Peoria

Explanation: Phoenix, in Maricopa County, is Arizona's capital and largest city. Other prominent cities in the Phoenix metro area include Mesa (Arizona's third largest city), Chandler (Arizona's fourth largest city), Glendale, Peoria, Buckeye, Sun City, Sun City West, Fountain Hills, Surprise, Gilbert, El Mirage, Avondale, Tempe, Tolleson and Scottsdale, with a total metropolitan population of just over 4.7 million.

Arizona [SEP] Cities and towns

Located in Pima County, approximately southeast of Phoenix, it was incorporated in 1877, making it the oldest incorporated city in Arizona. It is home to the University of Arizona. Major incorporated suburbs of Tucson include Oro Valley and Marana northwest of the city, Sahuarita south of the city, and South Tucson in an enclave south of downtown. It has an average July temperature of 100 °F (38 °C) and winter temperatures averaging 65 °F (18 °C). Saguaro National Park, just west of the city in the Tucson Mountains, is the site of the world's largest collection of Saguaro cacti. The Prescott metropolitan area includes the cities of Prescott, Cottonwood, Camp Verde and many other towns in the of Yavapai County area.


Context: when was it started?

Context: November 11, 1926

Context: was any tunnel constructed here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some cities?

Context: Phoenix, Glendale, Peoria

Question: which ethnic race resides here?

Answer: Hispanic, Native American, and non-Hispanic white

Arizona [SEP] Race and ethnicity

In 1980, the Census Bureau reported Arizona's population as 16.2% Hispanic, 5.6% Native American, and 74.5% non-Hispanic white. In 2010, the racial makeup of the state was: Hispanics or Latinos of any race made up 29.6% of the state's population. Non-Hispanic whites formed 57.8% of the total population. Arizona's five largest ancestry groups, , were:


Context: when was it started?

Context: November 11, 1926

Context: was any tunnel constructed here?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some cities?

Context: Phoenix, Glendale, Peoria

Context: which ethnic race resides here?

Context: Hispanic, Native American, and non-Hispanic white

Question: what are the major languages spoken here?

Answer: English, Spanish, Navajo

Arizona [SEP] Languages

, 72.9% (4,215,749) of Arizona residents age five and older spoke only English at home, while 20.8% (1,202,638) spoke Spanish, 1.5% (85,602) Navajo, 0.4% (22,592) German, 0.4% (22,426) Chinese (which includes Mandarin), 0.3% (19,015) Tagalog, 0.3% (17,603) Vietnamese, 0.3% (15,707) Other North American Indigenous Languages (especially indigenous languages of Arizona), and French was spoken as a main language by 0.3% (15,062) of the population over the age of five. In total, 27.1% (1,567,548) of Arizona's population age five and older spoke a mother language other than English. Arizona is home to the largest number of speakers of Native American languages in the 48 contiguous states, as more than 85,000 individuals reported speaking Navajo, and 10,403 people reported Apache, as a language spoken at home in 2005.


Question: synopsis of the book to kill a mockingbird

Answer: Jem and Scout's father Atticus, a middle-aged lawyer, is appointed  to defend Tom Robinson, a black man who has been accused of raping a young white woman Mayella, and he establishes that Mayella made sexual advances toward Tom but the jury convicts Tom regardless and later Tom is shot and killed while trying to escape from prison

Explanation: The story, told by the six-year-old Jean Louise Finch, takes place during three years (1933–35) of the Great Depression in the fictional "tired old town" of Maycomb, Alabama, the seat of Maycomb County. Jean Louise Finch, nicknamed Scout, lives with her older brother Jeremy, nicknamed Jem, and their widowed father Atticus, a middle-aged lawyer. Jem and Scout befriend a boy named Dill, who visits Maycomb to stay with his aunt each summer. The three children are terrified, yet fascinated by their neighbor, the reclusive Arthur "Boo" Radley. The adults of Maycomb are hesitant to talk about Boo, and few of them have seen him for many years. The children feed one another's imagination with rumors about his appearance and reasons for remaining hidden, and they fantasize about how to get him out of his house. After two summers of friendship with Dill, Scout and Jem find that someone is leaving them small gifts in a tree outside the Radley place. Several times the mysterious Boo makes gestures

To Kill a Mockingbird [SEP] Plot summary


Context: synopsis of the book to kill a mockingbird

Context: Jem and Scout's father Atticus, a middle-aged lawyer, is appointed  to defend Tom Robinson, a black man who has been accused of raping a young white woman Mayella, and he establishes that Mayella made sexual advances toward Tom but the jury convicts Tom regardless and later Tom is shot and killed while trying to escape from prison

Question: who is the author?

Answer: Harper Lee

To Kill a Mockingbird [SEP] Introduction

To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. Instantly successful, widely read in high schools and middle schools in the United States, it has become a classic of modern American literature, winning the Pulitzer Prize. The plot and characters are loosely based on Lee's observations of her family, her neighbors and an event that occurred near her hometown of Monroeville, Alabama, in 1936, when she was ten. Despite dealing with the serious issues of rape and racial inequality, the novel is renowned for its warmth and humor. Atticus Finch, the narrator's father, has served as a moral hero for many readers and as a model of integrity for lawyers.


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Question: what is the genre of this book?

Answer: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

To Kill a Mockingbird [SEP] Genres

Scholars have characterized "To Kill a Mockingbird" as both a Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman". The grotesque and near-supernatural qualities of Boo Radley and his house, and the element of racial injustice involving Tom Robinson, contribute to the aura of the Gothic in the novel. Lee used the term "Gothic" to describe the architecture of Maycomb's courthouse and in regard to Dill's exaggeratedly morbid performances as Boo Radley. Outsiders are also an important element of Southern Gothic texts and Scout and Jem's questions about the hierarchy in the town cause scholars to compare the novel to "Catcher in the Rye" and "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn".


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Question: does this book have a sequel?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

To Kill a Mockingbird [SEP] Genres


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how has she dealt with genders in her stories?

Answer: Scout's primary identification with her father and older brother allows her to describe the variety and depth of female characters in the novel both as one of them and as an outsider

To Kill a Mockingbird [SEP] Gender roles

Just as Lee explores Jem's development in coming to grips with a racist and unjust society, Scout realizes what being female means, and several female characters influence her development. Scout's primary identification with her father and older brother allows her to describe the variety and depth of female characters in the novel both as one of them and as an outsider. Scout's primary female models are Calpurnia and her neighbor Miss Maudie, both of whom are strong-willed, independent, and protective. Mayella Ewell also has an influence; Scout watches her destroy an innocent man in order to hide her desire for him.


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how has she dealt with genders in her stories?

Context: Scout's primary identification with her father and older brother allows her to describe the variety and depth of female characters in the novel both as one of them and as an outsider

Question: can you elaborate on the first genre mentioned above?

Answer: Southern Gothic is a subgenre of Gothic fiction in American literature that takes place in the American South

Southern Gothic [SEP] Introduction

Southern Gothic is a subgenre of Gothic fiction in American literature that takes place in the American South. Common themes in Southern Gothic literature include deeply flawed, disturbing or eccentric characters who may be involved in hoodoo, decayed or derelict settings, grotesque situations, and other sinister events relating to or stemming from poverty, alienation, crime, or violence.


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: can you elaborate on the first genre mentioned above?

Context: Southern Gothic is a subgenre of Gothic fiction in American literature that takes place in the American South

Question: any other writers in this genre?

Answer: Barry Hannah, Joe R. Lansdale and Cherie Priest

Southern Gothic [SEP] Authors

Some have included Eudora Welty in the category, but apparently she disagreed: "They better not call me that!", she abruptly told Alice Walker in an interview. A resurgence of Southern Gothic themes in contemporary fiction has been identified in the work of figures like Barry Hannah (1942–2010), Joe R. Lansdale (b. 1951) and Cherie Priest (b. 1975).


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any other writers in this genre?

Context: Barry Hannah, Joe R. Lansdale and Cherie Priest

Question: any best sellers by the second writer?

Answer: Bubba Ho-Tep, Hap and Leonard

Explanation:
Frequent features of Lansdale's writing are usually deeply ironic, strange or absurd situations or characters, such as Elvis Presley and John F. Kennedy battling a soul-sucking Egyptian mummy in a nursing home (the plot of his Bram Stoker Award-nominated novella, "Bubba Ho-Tep", which was made into a movie by Don Coscarelli). He is the winner of the British Fantasy Award, the American Horror Award, the Edgar Award, and ten Bram Stoker Awards.

His "Hap and Leonard" series of twelve novels,

Joe R. Lansdale [SEP] Career

Both of them are accomplished fighters, and the stories (told from Hap's narrative point of view) feature a great deal of violence, profanity and sex. Lansdale paints a picture of East Texas which is essentially "good" but blighted by racism, ignorance, urban and rural deprivation and corruption in public officials. Some of the subject matter is extremely dark, and includes scenes of brutal violence. These novels are also characterized by sharp humor and "wisecracking" dialogue. These books have been adapted into a TV series for the SundanceTV channel and a series of graphic novels will be published in early 2017.


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any other writers in this genre?

Context: any best sellers by the second writer?

Context: Bubba Ho-Tep, Hap and Leonard

Question: did any one of these win any award?

Answer: No. But he won Bram Stoker Awards for Night They Missed the Horror Show and On the Far Side of the Cadillac Desert with Dead Folks

Joe R. Lansdale [SEP] Awards

Joe Lansdale has won ten Bram Stoker Awards over the course of his long career. The short story "Night They Missed the Horror Show" won the award for "Short Fiction" in 1988. In the "Long Fiction" category (which is for novellas, though it also initially included comic book work as well), he won in 1989 for "On the Far Side of the Cadillac Desert with Dead Folks", 1997 for "The Big Blow", and 1999 for "Mad Dog Summer" (a shared award with Brian A. Hopkins' "Five Days in April"). In 1992 the story "The Events Concerning a Nude Fold-Out Found in a Harlequin Romance" shared the "Long Fiction" award with "Aliens: Tribes" by Steve Bissette.


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any other writers in this genre?

Context: any best sellers by the second writer?

Context: Bubba Ho-Tep, Hap and Leonard

Context: did any one of these win any award?

Context: No. But he won Bram Stoker Awards for Night They Missed the Horror Show and On the Far Side of the Cadillac Desert with Dead Folks

Question: what are the different category of genres that receive this award?

Answer: Dark fantasy and horror writing

Explanation: The Bram Stoker Award is a recognition presented annually by the Horror Writers Association (HWA) for "superior achievement" in dark fantasy and horror writing.

Bram Stoker Award [SEP] Introduction


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any other writers in this genre?

Context: any best sellers by the second writer?

Context: Bubba Ho-Tep, Hap and Leonard

Context: did any one of these win any award?

Context: what are the different category of genres that receive this award?

Context: Dark fantasy and horror writing

Question: what other novels has the female writer mentioned earlier written?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Bram Stoker Award [SEP] Introduction


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any other writers in this genre?

Context: any best sellers by the second writer?

Context: Bubba Ho-Tep, Hap and Leonard

Context: did any one of these win any award?

Context: Dark fantasy and horror writing

Context: what other novels has the female writer mentioned earlier written?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does her novel mentioned earlier contain elements of her life?

Answer: Yes. Several people and events from Lee's childhood parallel those of the fictional Scout

To Kill a Mockingbird [SEP] Autobiographical elements

Lee said that "To Kill a Mockingbird" is not an autobiography, but rather an example of how an author "should write about what he knows and write truthfully". Nevertheless, several people and events from Lee's childhood parallel those of the fictional Scout. Lee's father, Amasa Coleman Lee, was an attorney, similar to Atticus Finch, and in 1919, he defended two black men accused of murder. After they were convicted, hanged and mutilated, he never tried another criminal case. Lee's father was also the editor and publisher of the Monroeville newspaper. Although more of a proponent of racial segregation than Atticus, he gradually became more liberal in his later years.


Context: who is the author?

Context: Harper Lee

Context: what is the genre of this book?

Context: Southern Gothic and a "Bildungsroman"

Context: does this book have a sequel?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any other writers in this genre?

Context: any best sellers by the second writer?

Context: Bubba Ho-Tep, Hap and Leonard

Context: did any one of these win any award?

Context: Dark fantasy and horror writing

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does her novel mentioned earlier contain elements of her life?

Context: Yes. Several people and events from Lee's childhood parallel those of the fictional Scout

Question: has the author been portrayed in other movies or books?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Question: what do winners of the nobel prize receive

Answer: They are given a sum of money when they receive their prizes, in the form of a document confirming the amount awarded.

Explanation: The laureates are given a sum of money when they receive their prizes, in the form of a document confirming the amount awarded. The amount of prize money depends upon how much money the Nobel Foundation can award each year. The purse has increased since the 1980s, when the prize money was 880,000 SEK per prize (c. 2.6 million SEK altogether, US$350,000 today). In 2009, the monetary award was 10 million SEK (US$1.4 million). In June 2012, it was lowered to 8 million SEK. If two laureates share the prize in a category, the award grant is divided equally between the recipients. If there are three, the awarding committee has the option of dividing the grant equally, or awarding one-half to one recipient and one-quarter to each of the others. It is common for recipients to donate prize money to benefit scientific, cultural, or humanitarian causes.

Nobel Prize [SEP] Award money


Context: what do winners of the nobel prize receive

Context: They are given a sum of money when they receive their prizes, in the form of a document confirming the amount awarded.

Question: who receives it?

Answer: It is awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”. According to Alfred Nobel's will

Nobel Prize [SEP] Introduction

The Nobel Prize (, ; ; ) is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's 1895 will, are awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”. Nobel Prizes are awarded in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace (Nobel called this prize "fellowship among nations"). Nobel prizes are widely regarded as the most prestigious awards available in their respective fields. Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist most famously known for the invention of dynamite. He died in 1896. In his will, he bequeathed all of his "remaining realisable assets" to be used to establish five prizes which became known as "Nobel Prizes".


Context: who receives it?

Context: It is awarded "to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind”. According to Alfred Nobel's will

Question: can you name any controversial recipients of it?

Answer: The most criticised Nobel Peace Prizes was the one awarded to Henry Kissinger and Lê Đức Thọ

Nobel Prize [SEP] Controversial recipients

Among other criticisms, the Nobel Committees have been accused of having a political agenda, and of omitting more deserving candidates. They have also been accused of Eurocentrism, especially for the Literature Prize. Among the most criticised Nobel Peace Prizes was the one awarded to Henry Kissinger and Lê Đức Thọ. This led to the resignation of two Norwegian Nobel Committee members. Kissinger and Thọ were awarded the prize for negotiating a ceasefire between North Vietnam and the United States in January 1973. However, when the award was announced, both sides were still engaging in hostilities. Critics sympathetic to the North announced that Kissinger was not a peace-maker but the opposite, responsible for widening the war.


Context: who receives it?

Context: can you name any controversial recipients of it?

Context: The most criticised Nobel Peace Prizes was the one awarded to Henry Kissinger and Lê Đức Thọ

Question: why was award presented to the latter?

Answer: For their efforts in negotiating the Paris Peace Accords

Lê Đức Thọ [SEP] Nobel Peace Prize

Thọ and Henry Kissinger were jointly awarded the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts in negotiating the Paris Peace Accords. However, Thọ declined to accept the award, claiming that peace had not yet been established, and that the United States and the South Vietnamese governments were in violation of the Paris Peace Accords: Kissinger who did accept the Nobel peace prize called Tho's rejection "another insolence by North Vietnam". The ceasefire would not last, with the war ending when Saigon fell in 1975 and North Vietnam captured South Vietnam.


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: For their efforts in negotiating the Paris Peace Accords

Question: what was his profession?

Answer: He was a Vietnamese revolutionary, general, diplomat, and politician.

Lê Đức Thọ [SEP] Introduction

Lê Đức Thọ (; 14 October 1911 – 13 October 1990), born Phan Đình Khải in Nam Dinh Province, was a Vietnamese revolutionary, general, diplomat, and politician. He was the first Asian to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (jointly with United States Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, in 1973), but refused the award.


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: He was a Vietnamese revolutionary, general, diplomat, and politician.

Question: what were his efforts in peace making?

Answer: Thọ and Henry Kissinger engaged in secret talks that eventually led to a cease-fire in the Paris Peace Accords.

Lê Đức Thọ [SEP] Peace-making, Paris 1968-1973

However, the four party talks did not take place as planned owning to South Vietnamese obscurantism as the South Vietnamese President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu decided to stall talks after receiving messages from Anna Chennault that the Republican candidate Richard Nixon would be more supportive. On 18 January 1969, Tho told Harriman that he regretted his departure, saying: "If you had stopped bombing after two or three months of talks, the situation would have been different now". While Xuân Thuỷ led the official negotiating team representing the Democratic Republic of Vietnam at the talks in Paris, Thọ and U.S. National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger since February 1970 engaged in secret talks that eventually led to a cease-fire in the Paris Peace Accords of 23 January 1973.


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: Thọ and Henry Kissinger engaged in secret talks that eventually led to a cease-fire in the Paris Peace Accords.

Question: what were the inventions of the person after whom the award was named?

Answer: Dynamite

Explanation: Nobel found that when nitroglycerin was incorporated in an absorbent inert substance like "kieselguhr" (diatomaceous earth) it became safer and more convenient to handle, and this mixture he patented in 1867 as "dynamite". Nobel demonstrated his explosive for the first time that year, at a quarry in Redhill, Surrey, England. In order to help reestablish his name and improve the image of his business from the earlier controversies associated with the dangerous explosives, Nobel had also considered naming the highly powerful substance "Nobel's Safety Powder", but settled with Dynamite instead, referring to the Greek word for "power" ().

Alfred Nobel [SEP] Inventions

Gelignite, or blasting gelatine, as it was named, was patented in 1876; and was followed by a host of similar combinations, modified by the addition of potassium nitrate and various other substances. Gelignite was more stable, transportable and conveniently formed to fit into bored holes, like those used in drilling and mining, than the previously used compounds. It was adopted as the standard technology for mining in the "Age of Engineering", bringing Nobel a great amount of financial success, though at a significant cost to his health. An offshoot of this research resulted in Nobel's invention of ballistite, the precursor of many modern smokeless powder explosives and still used as a rocket propellant.


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: what were the inventions of the person after whom the award was named?

Context: Dynamite

Question: are there any monuments built in memory of him?

Answer: Yes, The "Monument to Alfred Nobel"

Alfred Nobel [SEP] Monuments

The "Monument to Alfred Nobel" (, ) in Saint Petersburg is located along the Bolshaya Nevka River on Petrogradskaya Embankment. It was dedicated in 1991 to mark the 90th anniversary of the first Nobel Prize presentation. Diplomat Thomas Bertelman and Professor Arkady Melua initiators of creation of the monument (1989). Professor A. Melua has provided funds for the establishment of the monument (J.S.Co. "Humanistica", 1990–1991). The abstract metal sculpture was designed by local artists Sergey Alipov and Pavel Shevchenko, and appears to be an explosion or branches of a tree. Petrogradskaya Embankment is the street where the Nobel's family lived until 1859.


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: Dynamite

Context: are there any monuments built in memory of him?

Context: Yes, The "Monument to Alfred Nobel"

Question: where is it located?

Answer: In Saint Petersburg is located along the Bolshaya Nevka River.

Explanation: in Saint Petersburg is located along the Bolshaya Nevka River on Petrogradskaya Embankment.

Alfred Nobel [SEP] Monuments


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: Dynamite

Context: Yes, The "Monument to Alfred Nobel"

Context: where is it located?

Context: In Saint Petersburg is located along the Bolshaya Nevka River.

Question: has he faced any criticism?

Answer: Yes, It focuses on his leading role in weapons manufacturing and sales, and some question his motives in creating his prizes, suggesting they are intended to improve his reputation.

Explanation: Criticism of Nobel focuses on his leading role in weapons manufacturing and sales, and some question his motives in creating his prizes, suggesting they are intended to improve his reputation.

Alfred Nobel [SEP] Criticism


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: Dynamite

Context: Yes, The "Monument to Alfred Nobel"

Context: where is it located?

Context: has he faced any criticism?

Context: Yes, It focuses on his leading role in weapons manufacturing and sales, and some question his motives in creating his prizes, suggesting they are intended to improve his reputation.

Question: what impact did the prize mentioned above create culturally?

Answer: It includes films like "The Prize" (1963), "Nobel Son" (2007) and "Nobel Chor", a 2012 film based on the theft of Rabindranath Tagore's prize.

Explanation:
Being a symbol of scientific or literary achievement that is recognisable worldwide, the Nobel Prize is often depicted in fiction. This includes films like "The Prize" (1963) and "Nobel Son" (2007) about fictional Nobel laureates as well as fictionalised accounts of stories surrounding real prizes such as "Nobel Chor", a 2012 film based on the theft of Rabindranath Tagore's prize.

The memorial symbol "Planet of Alfred Nobel" was opened in Alfred Nobel University of Economics and Law in Dnipro, Ukraine in 2008. On the globe, there are 802 Nobel laureates' reliefs made of a composite alloy obtained when disposing of military strategic missiles.

Nobel Prize [SEP] Cultural impact


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: Dynamite

Context: Yes, The "Monument to Alfred Nobel"

Context: where is it located?

Context: has he faced any criticism?

Context: what impact did the prize mentioned above create culturally?

Context: It includes films like "The Prize" (1963), "Nobel Son" (2007) and "Nobel Chor", a 2012 film based on the theft of Rabindranath Tagore's prize.

Question: what is the second film about?

Answer: About a dysfunctional family dealing with the kidnapping of their son for ransom following the father's winning of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Nobel Son [SEP] Introduction

Nobel Son is a 2007 American black comedy about a dysfunctional family dealing with the kidnapping of their son for ransom following the father's winning of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The film features Alan Rickman as the prize-winning professor and Mary Steenburgen as his wife, with Bryan Greenberg as their kidnapped son. Principal photography for "Nobel Son" started on October 6, 2005, in Venice Beach, California, and ended on November 17, 2005. The official trailer and website were released on January 12, 2007.


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: Dynamite

Context: Yes, The "Monument to Alfred Nobel"

Context: where is it located?

Context: has he faced any criticism?

Context: what is the second film about?

Context: About a dysfunctional family dealing with the kidnapping of their son for ransom following the father's winning of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Question: who directed it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Nobel Son [SEP] Introduction


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: Dynamite

Context: Yes, The "Monument to Alfred Nobel"

Context: where is it located?

Context: has he faced any criticism?

Context: what is the second film about?

Context: who directed it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who is the protagonist in it?

Answer: Eli Michaelson, a self-involved chemistry professor.

Nobel Son [SEP] Plot

Eli Michaelson (Alan Rickman), a self-involved chemistry professor, learns he has been awarded the Nobel Prize. After verbally abusing his wife, son, colleagues, and nominal girlfriend, he heads off to Sweden with his wife, Sarah (Mary Steenburgen), to collect his award. His son, Barkley (Bryan Greenberg), misses the flight. Barkley Michaelson has chosen to study not chemistry but anthropology, and this perceived failure triggers constant torrents of abuse from his father. His missing the flight, though, is the apparently innocent result of having been kidnapped by the deranged Thaddeus James (Shawn Hatosy), who claims to be Eli Michaelson's son by the wife of a former colleague.


Context: who receives it?

Context: why was award presented to the latter?

Context: what was his profession?

Context: what were his efforts in peace making?

Context: Dynamite

Context: Yes, The "Monument to Alfred Nobel"

Context: where is it located?

Context: has he faced any criticism?

Context: what is the second film about?

Context: who directed it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is the protagonist in it?

Context: Eli Michaelson, a self-involved chemistry professor.

Question: who was casted for this role?

Answer: Alan Rickman

Explanation: Alan Rickman

Nobel Son [SEP] Plot


Question: what is treehouse of horror?

Answer: Third episode of "The Simpsons"' second season

Treehouse of Horror (The Simpsons episode) [SEP] Introduction

"Treehouse of Horror" is the third episode of "The Simpsons"' second season. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 25, 1990. The episode was inspired by 1950s horror comics, and begins with a disclaimer that it may be too scary for children. It is the first Treehouse of Horror episode. These episodes do not obey the show's rule of realism and are not treated as canon. The opening disclaimer and a panning shot through a cemetery with humorous tombstones were features that were used sporadically in the "Treehouse of Horror" series and eventually dropped.


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: Third episode of "The Simpsons"' second season

Question: how many seasons are there in total?

Answer: 31 so far

The Simpsons [SEP] Introduction

On October 30, 2007, a video game was released. "The Simpsons" was renewed on February 6, 2019 for a thirty-first and thirty-second season. The former began airing September 29, 2019 and concluded on May 17, 2020; the latter will include the 700th episode. "The Simpsons" is a joint production by Gracie Films and 20th Television.


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Question: what is the theme of this episode?

Answer: Three scary stories told by the Simpson children in the family's treehouse

Treehouse of Horror (The Simpsons episode)

This is also the first episode to have the music composed by Alf Clausen. The plot revolves around three scary stories told by the Simpson children in the family's treehouse. The first segment involves a haunted house that is based on various haunted house films, primarily "The Amityville Horror" (1979) and "Poltergeist" (1982). In the second segment, Kang and Kodos are introduced when the Simpsons are abducted by aliens. The third segment is an adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's 1845 poem "The Raven". James Earl Jones guest starred in all three segments. The episode was received positively, being included on several critics' "best of" lists.


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: Three scary stories told by the Simpson children in the family's treehouse

Question: who are the characters in this episode?

Answer: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Explanation: On Halloween, Bart, Lisa and Maggie sit in the treehouse and tell scary stories, while Homer who had just come home from trick or treating eavesdrops on them.

Treehouse of Horror (The Simpsons episode) [SEP] Plot


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Question: when did this tv show start?

Answer: December 17, 1989

The Simpsons [SEP] Introduction

The shorts became a part of "The Tracey Ullman Show" on April 19, 1987. After three seasons, the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became Fox's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season (1989–1990). Since its debut on December 17, 1989, episodes of "The Simpsons" have been broadcast. It is the longest-running American sitcom, and the longest-running American scripted primetime television series, both in terms of seasons and number of episodes. A feature-length film, "The Simpsons Movie", was released in theaters worldwide on July 27, 2007, and grossed over $527 million.


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Context: when did this tv show start?

Context: December 17, 1989

Question: who is the producer of this show?

Answer: James L. Brooks

Explanation: When producer James L. Brooks was working on the television variety show "The Tracey Ullman Show", he decided to include small animated sketches before and after the commercial breaks. Having seen one of cartoonist Matt Groening's "Life in Hell" comic strips, Brooks asked Groening to pitch an idea for a series of animated shorts. Groening initially intended to present an animated version of his "Life in Hell" series. However, Groening later realized that animating "Life in Hell" would require the rescinding of publication rights for his life's work. He therefore chose another approach while waiting in the lobby of Brooks's office for the pitch meeting, hurriedly formulating his version of a dysfunctional family that became the Simpsons. He named the characters after his own family members, substituting "Bart" for his own name, adopting an anagram of the word "brat".

The Simpsons [SEP] Development


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Context: when did this tv show start?

Context: December 17, 1989

Context: who is the producer of this show?

Context: James L. Brooks

Question: does this show have voice actors for their characters?

Answer: Yes. I has six main cast members

The Simpsons [SEP] Voice actors

"The Simpsons" has six main cast members: Dan Castellaneta, Julie Kavner, Nancy Cartwright, Yeardley Smith, Hank Azaria, and Harry Shearer. Castellaneta voices Homer Simpson, Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, Groundskeeper Willie, Mayor Quimby, Barney Gumble, and other adult, male characters. Julie Kavner voices Marge Simpson and Patty and Selma, as well as several minor characters. Castellaneta and Kavner had been a part of "The Tracey Ullman Show" cast and were given the parts so that new actors would not be needed. Cartwright voices Bart Simpson, Nelson Muntz, Ralph Wiggum and other children. Smith, the voice of Lisa Simpson, is the only cast member who regularly voices only one character, although she occasionally plays other episodic characters.


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Context: when did this tv show start?

Context: December 17, 1989

Context: who is the producer of this show?

Context: James L. Brooks

Context: does this show have voice actors for their characters?

Context: Yes. I has six main cast members

Question: was the show ever banned?

Answer: Yes. It has reportedly been taken off the air in several countries like China, Venezuela and Russia

Explanation: The show has reportedly been taken off the air in several countries. China banned it from prime-time television in August 2006, "in an effort to protect China's struggling animation studios." In 2008, Venezuela barred the show from airing on morning television as it was deemed "unsuitable for children". The same year, several Russian Pentecostal churches demanded that "The Simpsons", "South Park" and some other Western cartoons be removed from broadcast schedules "for propaganda of various vices" and the broadcaster's license to be revoked. However, the court decision later dismissed this request.

The Simpsons [SEP] Ban


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Context: when did this tv show start?

Context: December 17, 1989

Context: who is the producer of this show?

Context: James L. Brooks

Context: Yes. I has six main cast members

Context: was the show ever banned?

Context: Yes. It has reportedly been taken off the air in several countries like China, Venezuela and Russia

Question: what was the first horror story about?

Answer: A haunted house that is based on various haunted house films

Treehouse of Horror (The Simpsons episode)

Explanation: The first segment involves a haunted house that is based on various haunted house films,


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Context: when did this tv show start?

Context: December 17, 1989

Context: who is the producer of this show?

Context: James L. Brooks

Context: Yes. I has six main cast members

Context: was the show ever banned?

Context: what was the first horror story about?

Context: A haunted house that is based on various haunted house films

Question: who were the damned referred to in the second story?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Context: when did this tv show start?

Context: December 17, 1989

Context: who is the producer of this show?

Context: James L. Brooks

Context: Yes. I has six main cast members

Context: was the show ever banned?

Context: what was the first horror story about?

Context: who were the damned referred to in the second story?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: and what was the third story about?

Answer: An adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's 1845 poem "The Raven"

Treehouse of Horror (The Simpsons episode)

Explanation: The third segment is an adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's 1845 poem "The Raven".


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Context: when did this tv show start?

Context: December 17, 1989

Context: who is the producer of this show?

Context: James L. Brooks

Context: Yes. I has six main cast members

Context: was the show ever banned?

Context: what was the first horror story about?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and what was the third story about?

Context: An adaptation of Edgar Allan Poe's 1845 poem "The Raven"

Question: where is she from?

Answer: Boston, Massachusetts

Edgar Allan Poe [SEP] Early life

Edgar Poe was born in Boston, Massachusetts on January 19, 1809, the second child of English-born actress Elizabeth Arnold Hopkins Poe and actor David Poe Jr. He had an elder brother named William Henry Leonard Poe and a younger sister named Rosalie Poe. Their grandfather, David Poe Sr., emigrated from County Cavan, Ireland around 1750. Edgar may have been named after a character in William Shakespeare's "King Lear", which the couple were performing in 1809. His father abandoned the family in 1810, and his mother died a year later from consumption (pulmonary tuberculosis). Poe was then taken into the home of John Allan, a successful merchant in Richmond, Virginia who dealt in a variety of goods, including cloth, wheat, tombstones, tobacco, and slaves.


Context: what is treehouse of horror?

Context: how many seasons are there in total?

Context: 31 so far

Context: what is the theme of this episode?

Context: who are the characters in this episode?

Context: Homer, Bart, Lisa and Maggie

Context: when did this tv show start?

Context: December 17, 1989

Context: who is the producer of this show?

Context: James L. Brooks

Context: Yes. I has six main cast members

Context: was the show ever banned?

Context: what was the first horror story about?

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Context: and what was the third story about?

Context: where is she from?

Context: Boston, Massachusetts

Question: did he ever participate in war?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Edgar Allan Poe [SEP] Early life


Question: what is 'great hammerhead'?

Answer: The largest species of hammerhead shark.

Great hammerhead [SEP] Introduction

The great hammerhead ("Sphyrna mokarran") is the largest species of hammerhead shark, belonging to the family Sphyrnidae, attaining an average length of and reaching a maximum length of . It is found in tropical and warm temperate waters worldwide, inhabiting coastal areas and the continental shelf. The great hammerhead can be distinguished from other hammerheads by the shape of its "hammer" (called the "cephalofoil"), which is wide with an almost straight front margin, and by its tall, sickle-shaped first dorsal fin. A solitary, strong-swimming apex predator, the great hammerhead feeds on a wide variety of prey ranging from crustaceans and cephalopods, to bony fish, to smaller sharks.


Context: what is 'great hammerhead'?

Context: The largest species of hammerhead shark.

Question: what is the length of these largest species?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Great hammerhead [SEP] Introduction


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Question: in which specific areas are they commonly found?

Answer: Generally in tropical waters between the latitudes of 40°N and 37°S. The places include  North Carolina to Uruguay,  Morocco to Senegal, the Mediterranean Sea, along the rim of the Indian Ocean , and in the Pacific Ocean.

Great hammerhead [SEP] Distribution and habitat

The great hammerhead inhabits tropical waters around the world, between the latitudes of 40°N and 37°S. In the Atlantic Ocean, it is found from North Carolina to Uruguay, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, and from Morocco to Senegal, and the Mediterranean Sea. It is found all along the rim of the Indian Ocean, and in the Pacific Ocean from the Ryukyu Islands to Australia, New Caledonia, and French Polynesia, and from southern Baja California to Peru. It may occur off Gambia, Guinea, Mauritania, Sierra Leone, and Western Sahara, but this has not been confirmed. Great hammerheads may be found from inshore waters of less than deep, to a depth of offshore.


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Context: in which specific areas are they commonly found?

Context: Generally in tropical waters between the latitudes of 40°N and 37°S. The places include  North Carolina to Uruguay,  Morocco to Senegal, the Mediterranean Sea, along the rim of the Indian Ocean , and in the Pacific Ocean.

Question: what do these large species eat?

Answer: Crabs, lobsters, squid, octopus,tarpon, sardines, sea catfishes, toadfish, porgies, grunts, jacks, croakers, groupers, flatfishes, boxfishes, and porcupine fishes, and smaller sharks such as smoothhounds.

Great hammerhead [SEP] Feeding

The great hammerhead shark is an active predator with a varied diet, known prey of the great hammerhead include invertebrates such as crabs, lobsters, squid, and octopus, bony fishes such as tarpon, sardines, sea catfishes, toadfish, porgies, grunts, jacks, croakers, groupers, flatfishes, boxfishes, and porcupine fishes, and smaller sharks such as smoothhounds. At Rangiroa Atoll, great hammerheads prey opportunistically on grey reef sharks ("Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos") that have exhausted themselves pursuing mates. The species is known to be cannibalistic. Great hammerheads are apex predators among sharks and are specialists at feeding on other sharks, rays and skates, especially stingrays. The venomous spines of stingrays are frequently found lodged inside its mouth and do not seem to bother the shark as one specimen caught off Florida had 96 spines in and around its mouth.


Context: what is 'great hammerhead'?

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Context: what do these large species eat?

Context: Crabs, lobsters, squid, octopus,tarpon, sardines, sea catfishes, toadfish, porgies, grunts, jacks, croakers, groupers, flatfishes, boxfishes, and porcupine fishes, and smaller sharks such as smoothhounds.

Question: who are their predators?

Answer: Juveniles are preyed upon by larger sharks such as bull sharks and adults have no major predators except for killer whales.

Great hammerhead [SEP] Biology and ecology

The great hammerhead is a solitary, nomadic predator that tends to be given a wide berth by other reef sharks. If confronted, they may respond with an agonistic display: dropping their pectoral fins and swimming in a stiff or jerky fashion. Juveniles are preyed upon by larger sharks such as bull sharks ("Carcharhinus leucas"), while adults have no major predators except for killer whales, who hunt hammerheads of any age. Yellow jacks ("Carangoides bartholomaei") have been seen rubbing themselves against the hammerhead's flanks, possibly to rid themselves of parasites. Schools of pilot fish ("Naucrates ductor") sometimes accompany the great hammerhead.


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Context: what do these large species eat?

Context: who are their predators?

Context: Juveniles are preyed upon by larger sharks such as bull sharks and adults have no major predators except for killer whales.

Question: which months do they generally breed?

Answer: The females give birth from late spring to summer in the Northern Hemisphere and from December to January in Australian waters.

Great hammerhead [SEP] Life history

As with other hammerhead sharks, great hammerheads are viviparous: once the developing young use up their supply of yolk, the yolk sac is transformed into a structure analogous to a mammalian placenta. Unlike most other sharks, which mate on or near the sea bottom, great hammerheads have been observed mating near the surface. In one account from the Bahamas, a mating pair ascended while swimming around each other, mating when they reached the surface. Females breed once every two years, giving birth from late spring to summer in the Northern Hemisphere and from December to January in Australian waters. The gestation period is 11 months.


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Context: which months do they generally breed?

Context: The females give birth from late spring to summer in the Northern Hemisphere and from December to January in Australian waters.

Question: are they oviparous or viviparous?

Answer: Viviparous.

Explanation: As with other hammerhead sharks, great hammerheads are viviparous:

Great hammerhead [SEP] Life history


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Context: Viviparous.

Question: what is their gestation period?

Answer: 11 months.

Explanation: The gestation period is 11 months.

Great hammerhead [SEP] Life history


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Context: are they oviparous or viviparous?

Context: Viviparous.

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Context: 11 months.

Question: how many times do they breed?

Answer: Once every two years.

Explanation: Females breed once every two years, giving birth from late spring to summer in the Northern Hemisphere and from December to January in Australian waters

Great hammerhead [SEP] Life history


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Context: Viviparous.

Context: what is their gestation period?

Context: 11 months.

Context: how many times do they breed?

Context: Once every two years.

Question: approximately how many babies do they litter once every two years?

Answer: From 6–55 pups, with 20–40 being typical.

Great hammerhead [SEP] Life history

The litter size ranges from 6–55 pups, with 20–40 being typical. The young measure at birth; males reach maturity at long and and the females at and . The young differ from the adults in having a rounded frontal margin on the head. The typical lifespan of this species is 20–30 years; the record Boca Grande female was estimated to be 40–50 years old.


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Context: Viviparous.

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Context: 11 months.

Context: how many times do they breed?

Context: Once every two years.

Context: approximately how many babies do they litter once every two years?

Context: From 6–55 pups, with 20–40 being typical.

Question: what is their conservation status tagged as?

Answer: This species is listed as globally Endangered on the IUCN Red List.

Great hammerhead [SEP] Conservation status

The great hammerhead is extremely vulnerable to overfishing due to its low overall abundance and long generation time. Assessment of its conservation status is difficult as few fisheries separate the great hammerhead from other hammerheads in their reported catches. This species is listed as globally Endangered on the IUCN Red List. It is Endangered in the northwestern Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico, where though it is a non-targeted species, populations have dropped 50% since the 1990s due to bycatch. It is also Endangered in the southwestern Indian Ocean, where large numbers of longline vessels operate illegally along the coasts for hammerheads and the giant guitarfish ("Rhynchobatus djiddensis").


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Context: Viviparous.

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Context: 11 months.

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Context: Once every two years.

Context: what is their conservation status tagged as?

Context: This species is listed as globally Endangered on the IUCN Red List.

Question: you had mentioned two predators earlier, can you tell me what is the scientific name for the second predator?

Answer: "Orcinus orca"

Killer whale [SEP] Introduction

The killer whale or orca ("Orcinus orca") is a toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family, of which it is the largest member. Killer whales have a diverse diet, although individual populations often specialize in particular types of prey. Some feed exclusively on fish, while others hunt marine mammals such as seals and other species of dolphin. They have been known to attack baleen whale calves, and even adult whales. Killer whales are apex predators, as no animal preys on them. A cosmopolitan species, they can be found in each of the world's oceans in a variety of marine environments, from Arctic and Antarctic regions to tropical seas, absent only from the Baltic and Black seas, and some areas of the Arctic Ocean.


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Context: Viviparous.

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Context: 11 months.

Context: how many times do they breed?

Context: Once every two years.

Context: you had mentioned two predators earlier, can you tell me what is the scientific name for the second predator?

Context: "Orcinus orca"

Question: what is the above species conservation status tagged as?

Answer: The conservation status for killer whales was changed from conservation dependent to data deficient.

Killer whale [SEP] Conservation

In 2008, the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) changed its assessment of the killer whale's conservation status from conservation dependent to data deficient, recognizing that one or more killer whale types may actually be separate, endangered species. Depletion of prey species, pollution, large-scale oil spills, and habitat disturbance caused by noise and conflicts with boats are the most significant worldwide threats. In January 2020, the first killer whale in England and Wales since 2001 was found dead with a large fragment of plastic in its stomach. Like other animals at the highest trophic levels, the killer whale is particularly at risk of poisoning from bioaccumulation of toxins, including Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).


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Context: Viviparous.

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Context: 11 months.

Context: how many times do they breed?

Context: Once every two years.

Context: "Orcinus orca"

Context: what is the above species conservation status tagged as?

Context: The conservation status for killer whales was changed from conservation dependent to data deficient.

Question: are they dangerous to humans?

Answer: Though there is a stereotype of them being "killers", in reality ,of the very few confirmed attacks on humans by wild killer whales, none have been fatal.

Killer whale [SEP] "Killer" stereotype

In Western cultures, killer whales were historically feared as dangerous, savage predators. The first written description of a killer whale was given by Pliny the Elder "circa" AD 70, who wrote, "Orcas (the appearance of which no image can express, other than an enormous mass of savage flesh with teeth) are the enemy of [other kinds of whale]... they charge and pierce them like warships ramming." Of the very few confirmed attacks on humans by wild killer whales, none have been fatal. In one instance, killer whales tried to tip ice floes on which a dog team and photographer of the Terra Nova Expedition were standing.


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Context: are they oviparous or viviparous?

Context: Viviparous.

Context: what is their gestation period?

Context: 11 months.

Context: how many times do they breed?

Context: Once every two years.

Context: "Orcinus orca"

Context: are they dangerous to humans?

Context: Though there is a stereotype of them being "killers", in reality ,of the very few confirmed attacks on humans by wild killer whales, none have been fatal.

Question: earlier you had mentioned the largest species of that creature, what are the other smaller species of that creature?

Answer: Scalloped hammerhead and smooth hammerhead among others.

Hammerhead shark [SEP] Description

The known species range from in length and weigh from . They are usually light gray and have a greenish tint. Their bellies are white, which allows them to blend into the ocean when viewed from below and sneak up on their prey. Their heads have lateral projections which give them a hammer-like shape. While overall similar, this shape differs somewhat between species; e.g., a distinct T-shape in the great hammerhead, a rounded head with a central notch in the scalloped hammerhead, and an unnotched rounded head in the smooth hammerhead. Hammerheads have disproportionately small mouths compared to other shark species.


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Context: Viviparous.

Context: what is their gestation period?

Context: 11 months.

Context: how many times do they breed?

Context: Once every two years.

Context: "Orcinus orca"

Context: are they dangerous to humans?

Context: earlier you had mentioned the largest species of that creature, what are the other smaller species of that creature?

Context: Scalloped hammerhead and smooth hammerhead among others.

Question: what is the above first species' conservation status?

Answer: They are on the "globally endangered" species list.

Scalloped hammerhead [SEP] Human interaction

As of 2008, the scalloped hammerhead is on the "globally endangered" species list. In parts of the Atlantic Ocean, their populations have declined by over 95% in the past 30 years. Among the reasons for this drop off are overfishing and the rise in demand for shark fins. Researchers attribute this growth in demand to the increase in shark fins as an expensive delicacy (such as in shark fin soup) and are calling for a ban on shark finning, a practice in which the shark's fins are cut off and the rest of the animal is thrown back in the water to die.


Question: the most important figure in the history of japanese nō theatre is

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Noh [SEP] Introduction

, is a major form of classical Japanese dance-drama that has been performed since the 14th century. Developed by Kan'ami and his son Zeami, it is the oldest major theatre art that is still regularly performed today. Although the terms Noh and "nōgaku" are sometimes used interchangeably, "nōgaku" encompasses both Noh and "kyōgen". Traditionally, a full "nōgaku" program includes five Noh plays with comedic "kyōgen" plays in between; an abbreviated program of two Noh plays with one "kyōgen" piece has become common today. Optionally, an "okina" play may be presented in the very beginning of "nōgaku" presentation. Noh is often based on tales from traditional literature with a supernatural being transformed into human form as a hero narrating a story.


Context: the most important figure in the history of japanese nō theatre is

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Question: who is noh?

Answer: It is a major form of classical Japanese dance-drama that has been performed since the 14th century.

Explanation: is a major form of classical Japanese dance-drama that has been performed since the 14th century.

Noh [SEP] Introduction


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Context: who is noh?

Context: It is a major form of classical Japanese dance-drama that has been performed since the 14th century.

Question: how did it originate?

Answer: shirabyōshi "(traditional dances performed by female dancers in the Imperial Court in the 12th century), "gagaku" (music and dance performed in the Imperial Court beginning in the 7th century), and "kagura" (ancient "Shinto" dances in folk tales) evolved into Noh and "kyōgen".

Noh [SEP] Origins

Its subsequent adaptation to Japanese society led to its assimilation of other traditional art forms." Various performing art elements in "sangaku" as well as elements of "dengaku" (rural celebrations performed in connection with rice planting), "sarugaku" (popular entertainment including acrobatics, juggling, and pantomime), "shirabyōshi "(traditional dances performed by female dancers in the Imperial Court in the 12th century), "gagaku" (music and dance performed in the Imperial Court beginning in the 7th century), and "kagura" (ancient "Shinto" dances in folk tales) evolved into Noh and "kyōgen".


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Context: who is noh?

Context: how did it originate?

Context: shirabyōshi "(traditional dances performed by female dancers in the Imperial Court in the 12th century), "gagaku" (music and dance performed in the Imperial Court beginning in the 7th century), and "kagura" (ancient "Shinto" dances in folk tales) evolved into Noh and "kyōgen".

Question: what can you tell me about their attire?

Answer: Noh actors wear silk costumes called "shozoku" (robes) along with wigs, hats, and props such as the fan. The musicians and chorus typically wear formal "montsuki" "kimono" (black and adorned with five family crests) accompanied by either "hakama" (a skirt-like garment) or "kami-shimo", a combination of "hakama" and a waist-coat with exaggerated shoulders.

Explanation:
Noh actors wear silk costumes called "shozoku" (robes) along with wigs, hats, and props such as the fan. With striking colors, elaborate texture, and intricate weave and embroidery, Noh robes are truly works of art in their own right. Costumes for the "shite" in particular are extravagant, shimmering silk brocades, but are progressively less sumptuous for the "tsure," the "wakizure," and the "aikyōgen".

For centuries, in accordance with the vision of Zeami, Noh costumes emulated the clothing that the characters would genuinely wear, such as the formal robes for a courtier and the street clothing for a peasant or commoner. But in the late sixteenth century, the costumes became stylized with certain symbolic and stylistic conventions. During the Edo (Tokugawa) period, the elaborate robes given to actors by noblemen and "samurai" in the Muromachi period were developed as costumes.

The musicians and chorus typically wear formal "montsuki" "kimono" (black and adorned with five family cres

Noh [SEP] Costumes


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Context: how did it originate?

Context: what can you tell me about their attire?

Context: Noh actors wear silk costumes called "shozoku" (robes) along with wigs, hats, and props such as the fan. The musicians and chorus typically wear formal "montsuki" "kimono" (black and adorned with five family crests) accompanied by either "hakama" (a skirt-like garment) or "kami-shimo", a combination of "hakama" and a waist-coat with exaggerated shoulders.

Question: do they use masks?

Answer: Only the "shite", the main actor, wears a mask in most plays, even though the "tsure" may also wear a mask in some plays to represent female characters.

Explanation: Noh masks signify the characters' gender, age, and social ranking, and by wearing masks the actors may portray youngsters, old men, female, or nonhuman (divine, demonic, or animal) characters. Only the "shite", the main actor, wears a mask in most plays, even though the "tsure" may also wear a mask in some plays to represent female characters.

Noh [SEP] Masks

Facing slightly upward, or "brightening" the mask, will let the mask to capture more light, revealing more features that appear laughing or smiling. Facing downward, or "clouding" it, will cause the mask to appear sad or mad. Noh masks are treasured by Noh families and institution, and the powerful Noh schools hold the oldest and most valuable Noh masks in their private collections, rarely seen by the public. The most ancient mask is supposedly kept as a hidden treasure by the oldest school, the Konparu. According to the current head of the Konparu school, the mask was carved by the legendary regent Prince Shōtoku (572-622) over a thousand years ago.


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Context: do they use masks?

Context: Only the "shite", the main actor, wears a mask in most plays, even though the "tsure" may also wear a mask in some plays to represent female characters.

Question: what all elements do they take include while performing?

Answer: The use of props in Noh is minimalistic and stylized. The most commonly used prop in Noh is the fan, as it is carried by all performers regardless of role. Chorus singers and musicians may carry their fan in hand when entering the stage

Noh [SEP] Props

The use of props in Noh is minimalistic and stylized. The most commonly used prop in Noh is the fan, as it is carried by all performers regardless of role. Chorus singers and musicians may carry their fan in hand when entering the stage, or carry it tucked into the "obi "(the sash). The fan is usually placed at the performer's side when he or she takes position, and is often not taken up again until leaving the stage. During dance sequences, the fan is typically used to represent any and all hand-held props, such as a sword, wine jug, flute, or writing brush.


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Context: what all elements do they take include while performing?

Context: The use of props in Noh is minimalistic and stylized. The most commonly used prop in Noh is the fan, as it is carried by all performers regardless of role. Chorus singers and musicians may carry their fan in hand when entering the stage

Question: how is this associated with the tokugawa era?

Answer: During the Edo period Noh continued to be aristocratic art form

Noh [SEP] Tokugawa era

During the Edo period Noh continued to be aristocratic art form supported by the "shōgun", the feudal lords ("daimyōs"), as well as wealthy and sophisticated commoners. While "kabuki" and "joruri" popular to the middle class focused on new and experimental entertainment, Noh strived to preserve its established high standards and historic authenticity and remained mostly unchanged throughout the era. To capture the essence of performances given by great masters, every detail in movements and positions was reproduced by others, generally resulting in an increasingly slow, ceremonial tempo over time.


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Context: During the Edo period Noh continued to be aristocratic art form

Question: when was this period?

Answer: 1603 and 1868

Edo period [SEP] Introduction

The or is the period between 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when Japan was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and the country's 300 regional "daimyō". The period was characterized by economic growth, strict social order, isolationist foreign policies, a stable population, "no more wars", and popular enjoyment of arts and culture. The shogunate was officially established in Edo on March 24, 1603, by Tokugawa Ieyasu. The period came to an end with the Meiji Restoration on May 3, 1868, after the fall of Edo.


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Context: 1603 and 1868

Question: how were the trade relations during this time?

Answer: The beginning of the Edo period coincides with the last decades of the Nanban trade period during which intense interaction with European powers, on the economic and religious plane, took place. It is at the beginning of the Edo period that Japan built its first ocean-going Western-style warships, such as the "San Juan Bautista"

Edo period [SEP] Foreign trade relations

Like Hideyoshi, Ieyasu encouraged foreign trade but also was suspicious of outsiders. He wanted to make Edo a major port, but once he learned that the Europeans favored ports in Kyūshū and that China had rejected his plans for official trade, he moved to control existing trade and allowed only certain ports to handle specific kinds of commodities. The beginning of the Edo period coincides with the last decades of the Nanban trade period during which intense interaction with European powers, on the economic and religious plane, took place. It is at the beginning of the Edo period that Japan built its first ocean-going Western-style warships, such as the "San Juan Bautista", a 500-ton galleon-type ship that transported a Japanese embassy headed by Hasekura Tsunenaga to the Americas and then to Europe.


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Context: 1603 and 1868

Context: how were the trade relations during this time?

Context: The beginning of the Edo period coincides with the last decades of the Nanban trade period during which intense interaction with European powers, on the economic and religious plane, took place. It is at the beginning of the Edo period that Japan built its first ocean-going Western-style warships, such as the "San Juan Bautista"

Question: is this period depicted anywhere?

Answer: There is a cultural theme park called Edo Wonderland Nikko Edomura in the Kinugawa Onsen area of Nikkō, Tochigi, north of Tokyo.

Edo period [SEP] In popular culture

The Edo period is the setting of many works of popular culture. These include novels, comics, stageplays, films, television shows, animated works, and manga. There is a cultural theme park called Edo Wonderland Nikko Edomura in the Kinugawa Onsen area of Nikkō, Tochigi, north of Tokyo.


Question: what is 'the destroying angel and daemons of evil interrupting the orgies of the vicious and intemperate'?

Answer: An oil painting on canvas.

The Destroying Angel and Daemons of Evil Interrupting the Orgies of the Vicious and Intemperate [SEP] Introduction

The Destroying Angel and Daemons of Evil Interrupting the Orgies of the Vicious and Intemperate, also known as The Destroying Angel and Daemons Inflicting Divine Vengeance on the Wicked and Intemperate and as The Destruction of the Temple of Vice, is an oil painting on canvas by English artist William Etty, first exhibited in 1832. Etty had become famous for nude paintings, and acquired a reputation for tastelessness, indecency and a lack of creativity. With "The Destroying Angel" he hoped to disprove his critics with an openly moral piece. The painting is 127.8 cm by 101.9 cm (50 in by 40 in) and depicts a classical temple under attack from a destroying angel and a group of daemons.


Context: what is 'the destroying angel and daemons of evil interrupting the orgies of the vicious and intemperate'?

Context: An oil painting on canvas.

Question: what does its composition consist of?

Answer: An ornate imaginary classical temple is under attack from a destroying angel and a group of daemons.

Explanation: The Destroying Angel" is a visionary work, depicting a wholly imaginary scene rather than a scene from history, literature or mythology. It measures 127.8 cm by 101.9 cm (50 in by 40 in), and depicts an ornate imaginary classical temple. The temple and its occupants are under attack from a destroying angel and a group of daemons, who are in the process of abducting its human occupants.

The Destroying Angel and Daemons of Evil Interrupting the Orgies of the Vicious and Intemperate [SEP] Composition

Behind her, other women struggle helplessly with the daemons or are carried away unconscious, having fainted. In the centre of the foreground is a figure modelled on Caius Gabriel Cibber's "Raving Madness", which at the time was one of two monumental sculptures above the entrance to Bethlem Hospital ("Bedlam"), and a well-known London landmark and symbol of insanity. The chained figure is contorted in agony struggling to escape his bonds, while a daemon pulls on one end of the chain. Beside this lunatic is an unconscious or dead gambler, his winnings spread on the floor beside him. Behind the central images of the lunatic, daemon and gambler are a group of people who have only just realised what is happening.