Context: where is the building located?

Context: on which floor is the observation deck?

Context: On the 71st floor.

Context: how many elevators are there?

Context: Yes, the Empire State Building.

Context: who designed it?

Context: Shreve, Lamb & Harmon.

Context: how many floors are there?

Context: There are 103 floors in all.

Context: was there any elevator accident?

Context: any plane crash?

Context: Yes, on 28 July ,1945, a B-25 Mitchell bomber crashed between the 79th and the 80th floors of the building.

Question: are there any notable organizations in that building?

Answer: Yes, the NBC, the National Catholic Welfare Council and others.

At 9:40 am on July 28, 1945, a B-25 Mitchell bomber, piloted in thick fog by Lieutenant Colonel William Franklin Smith Jr., crashed into the north side of the Empire State Building between the 79th and 80th floors where the offices of the National Catholic Welfare Council were located. One engine completely penetrated the building, landing on the roof of a nearby building where it started a fire that destroyed a penthouse. The other engine and part of the landing gear plummeted down an elevator shaft causing a fire, which was extinguished in 40 minutes. Fourteen people were killed in the incident.


Context: what is in the top of the chrysler building

Context: The terraced crown which is an extension of the main tower.

Context: where is the building located?

Context: It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood on the East Side of Manhattan, New York City, at the intersection of 42nd Street and Lexington Avenue near Midtown Manhattan.

Context: on which floor is the observation deck?

Context: On the 71st floor.

Context: how many elevators are there?

Context: does the building feature in any television show?

Context: Yes, in movies like " The Wiz", "Q- The Winged Serpent", "The Shadow of the Witness" , "The Independence Day", and others.

Context: does the city have any other skyscrapers?

Context: Yes, the Empire State Building.

Context: who designed it?

Context: Shreve, Lamb & Harmon.

Context: was it the tallest building when it was built?

Context: Yes, it was the world's tallest building until the construction of the World Trade Center in 1970.

Context: how many floors are there?

Context: There are 103 floors in all.

Context: was there any elevator accident?

Context: Yes, on 24 January 2000, an elevator fell from the 44th floor to the 4th floor.

Context: any plane crash?

Context: are there any notable organizations in that building?

Context: Yes, the NBC, the National Catholic Welfare Council and others.

Question: what is the purpose of the council?

Answer: For discussing and sometimes issuing statements on matters of national policy such as education, welfare, andf health care.

National Catholic Welfare Council [SEP] Introduction

The National Catholic Welfare Council (NCWC) was the annual meeting of the American Catholic hierarchy and its standing secretariat; it was established in 1919 as the successor to the emergency organization, the National Catholic War Council. It consisted of a staff of clergy as well as committees of bishops who discussed and sometimes issued statements on matters of national policy such as education, welfare, and health care.


Context: where is the building located?

Context: on which floor is the observation deck?

Context: On the 71st floor.

Context: how many elevators are there?

Context: Yes, the Empire State Building.

Context: who designed it?

Context: Shreve, Lamb & Harmon.

Context: how many floors are there?

Context: There are 103 floors in all.

Context: was there any elevator accident?

Context: any plane crash?

Context: what is the purpose of the council?

Context: For discussing and sometimes issuing statements on matters of national policy such as education, welfare, andf health care.

Question: when was it formed?

Answer: In 1919.

Explanation: it was established in 1919


Context: where is the building located?

Context: on which floor is the observation deck?

Context: On the 71st floor.

Context: how many elevators are there?

Context: Yes, the Empire State Building.

Context: who designed it?

Context: Shreve, Lamb & Harmon.

Context: how many floors are there?

Context: There are 103 floors in all.

Context: was there any elevator accident?

Context: any plane crash?

Context: what is the purpose of the council?

Context: when was it formed?

Context: In 1919.

Question: do they also have a war council?

Answer: No, actually the NCWC was established as the successor to the emergency organization, the National Catholic War Council.

Explanation: was established in 1919 as the successor to the emergency organization, the National Catholic War Council.


Context: where is the building located?

Context: on which floor is the observation deck?

Context: On the 71st floor.

Context: how many elevators are there?

Context: Yes, the Empire State Building.

Context: who designed it?

Context: Shreve, Lamb & Harmon.

Context: how many floors are there?

Context: There are 103 floors in all.

Context: was there any elevator accident?

Context: any plane crash?

Context: what is the purpose of the council?

Context: when was it formed?

Context: In 1919.

Context: do they also have a war council?

Context: No, actually the NCWC was established as the successor to the emergency organization, the National Catholic War Council.

Question: does the city where all these buildings are located has any organizations which are of economic importance?

Answer: Yes, it contains headquarters of major companies like , Barnes & Noble, Bloomberg L.P., Ernst & Young, Calvin Klein, Cantor Fitzgerald, CBS Corporation, Citigroup and others.

Midtown Manhattan [SEP] Corporate headquarters

Midtown Manhattan is the world's largest central business district, with 400 million square feet (37.2 million m) of office space in 2018. Midtown contains the headquarters of major companies, including 4Kids Entertainment (formerly), Barnes & Noble, Bloomberg L.P., Ernst & Young, Calvin Klein, Cantor Fitzgerald, CBS Corporation, Citigroup, Colgate-Palmolive, Cushman & Wakefield, DC Comics, Deloitte, Duane Reade, Estée Lauder Companies, Foot Locker, Frederator Studios, JPMorgan Chase, Hess Corporation, Kroll Inc., L-3 Communications, Marsh & McLennan Companies, Marvel Entertainment, MetLife, MidOcean Partners, Morgan Stanley, NBC Universal, The New York Times Company, NexCen Brands, Pfizer, Polo Ralph Lauren, Saks Incorporated (Saks Fifth Avenue), The Sharper Image, Simon & Schuster, Six Flags, TBWA Worldwide, Telemundo, Thomson Reuters, Time Warner, Time Warner Cable, The Travelers Companies, Univision Communications, and Viacom.


Context: where is the building located?

Context: on which floor is the observation deck?

Context: On the 71st floor.

Context: how many elevators are there?

Context: Yes, the Empire State Building.

Context: who designed it?

Context: Shreve, Lamb & Harmon.

Context: how many floors are there?

Context: There are 103 floors in all.

Context: was there any elevator accident?

Context: any plane crash?

Context: what is the purpose of the council?

Context: when was it formed?

Context: In 1919.

Context: do they also have a war council?

Context: does the city where all these buildings are located has any organizations which are of economic importance?

Context: Yes, it contains headquarters of major companies like , Barnes & Noble, Bloomberg L.P., Ernst & Young, Calvin Klein, Cantor Fitzgerald, CBS Corporation, Citigroup and others.

Question: what is the last company's business?

Answer: It is an American multinational investment bank and financial services corporation .

Citigroup [SEP] Introduction

Citigroup Inc. or Citi (stylized as citi) is an American multinational investment bank and financial services corporation headquartered in New York City. The company was formed by the merger of banking giant Citicorp and financial conglomerate Travelers Group in 1998; Travelers was subsequently spun off from the company in 2002. Citigroup owns Citicorp, the holding company for Citibank, as well as several international subsidiaries. Citi is incorporated in New York. Citigroup is the third largest banking institution in the United States; alongside JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo, it is one of the Big Four banking institutions of the United States.


Context: where is the building located?

Context: on which floor is the observation deck?

Context: On the 71st floor.

Context: how many elevators are there?

Context: Yes, the Empire State Building.

Context: who designed it?

Context: Shreve, Lamb & Harmon.

Context: how many floors are there?

Context: There are 103 floors in all.

Context: was there any elevator accident?

Context: any plane crash?

Context: what is the purpose of the council?

Context: when was it formed?

Context: In 1919.

Context: do they also have a war council?

Context: what is the last company's business?

Context: It is an American multinational investment bank and financial services corporation .

Question: did it have any joint venture with any chinese firm?

Answer: Yes, with the Orient Securities.

Explanation: In 2012, the Global Markets division and Orient Securities formed Citi Orient Securities, a Shanghai-based equity and debt brokerage operating in the Chinese market.

Citigroup [SEP] Chinese investment banking joint venture (2012)


Question: who is known as the father of indian missile technology

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam [SEP] Introduction

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (; 15 October 193127 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and politician who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007. He was born and raised in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu and studied physics and aerospace engineering. He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator, mainly at the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and was intimately involved in India's civilian space programme and military missile development efforts. He thus came to be known as the "Missile Man of India" for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology.


Context: who is known as the father of indian missile technology

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Answer: He was an Indian aerospace scientist and politician who served as the 11th President of India.

Explanation: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (; 15 October 193127 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and politician who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Context: He was an Indian aerospace scientist and politician who served as the 11th President of India.

Question: what was his period of presidency in india?

Answer: His term lasted from 25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam [SEP] Presidency

Kalam served as the 11th President of India, succeeding K. R. Narayanan. He won the 2002 presidential election with an electoral vote of 922,884, surpassing the 107,366 votes won by Lakshmi Sahgal. His term lasted from 25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007. On 10 June 2002, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) which was in power at the time, expressed that they would nominate Kalam for the post of President, and both the Samajwadi Party and the Nationalist Congress Party backed his candidacy. After the Samajwadi Party announced its support for Kalam, Narayanan chose not to seek a second term in office, leaving the field clear.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Context: what was his period of presidency in india?

Context: His term lasted from 25 July 2002 to 25 July 2007.

Question: what are the legislative powers does the president have?

Answer: The Indian President is able to facilitate the lawmaking process per the constitution (Article 78, Article 86, etc.). The president summons both the houses (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) of the parliament and prorogues them. He can dissolve the Lok Sabha.

President of India [SEP] Legislative powers

Legislative power is constitutionally vested in the Parliament of India of which the president is the head, to facilitate the lawmaking process per the constitution (Article 78, Article 86, etc.). The president summons both the houses (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) of the parliament and prorogues them. He can dissolve the Lok Sabha. The president inaugurates parliament by addressing it after the general elections and also at the beginning of the first session every year per Article 87(1). The presidential address on these occasions is generally meant to outline the new policies of the government. All bills passed by the parliament can become laws only after receiving the assent of the president per .


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Context: what are the legislative powers does the president have?

Context: The Indian President is able to facilitate the lawmaking process per the constitution (Article 78, Article 86, etc.). The president summons both the houses (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) of the parliament and prorogues them. He can dissolve the Lok Sabha.

Question: what are the eligibilities for the presidentship?

Answer: A person shall not be eligible for election as president if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State or under any local or other authority subject to the control of any of the said Governments.

President of India [SEP] Eligibility

of the constitution sets the principal qualifications one must meet to be eligible to the office of the president. A president must be: A person shall not be eligible for election as president if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State or under any local or other authority subject to the control of any of the said Governments. Certain office-holders, however, are permitted to stand as presidential candidates. These are:


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Context: what are the eligibilities for the presidentship?

Context: A person shall not be eligible for election as president if he holds any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State or under any local or other authority subject to the control of any of the said Governments.

Question: how did he(the person mentioned at the beginning) beginning his career at a scientist?

Answer: He started his career by designing a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice of a job at DRDO.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam [SEP] Career as a scientist

After graduating from the Madras Institute of Technology in 1960, Kalam joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (by Press Information Bureau, Government of India) as a scientist after becoming a member of the Defence Research & Development Service (DRDS). He started his career by designing a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice of a job at DRDO. Kalam was also part of the INCOSPAR committee working under Vikram Sarabhai, the renowned space scientist. In 1969, Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) where he was the project director of India's first Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III) which successfully deployed the "Rohini" satellite in near-earth orbit in July 1980; Kalam had first started work on an expandable rocket project independently at DRDO in 1965.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Context: how did he(the person mentioned at the beginning) beginning his career at a scientist?

Context: He started his career by designing a small hovercraft, but remained unconvinced by his choice of a job at DRDO.

Question: what is the last mentioned organization?

Answer: It is an agency under the Department of Defence Research and Development in Ministry of Defence of the Government of India, charged with the military's research and development.

Defence Research and Development Organisation [SEP] Introduction

The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) (IAST: raksā anūsandhān evam vikās sangaṭhan) (Hindi: रक्षा अनुसंधान एवं विकास संगठन) is an agency under the Department of Defence Research and Development in Ministry of Defence of the Government of India, charged with the military's research and development, headquartered in Delhi, India. It was formed in 1958 by the merger of the Technical Development Establishment and the Directorate of Technical Development and Production of the Indian Ordnance Factories with the Defence Science Organisation. With a network of 52 laboratories, which are engaged in developing defence technologies covering various fields, like aeronautics, armaments, electronics, land combat engineering, life sciences, materials, missiles, and naval systems, DRDO is India's largest and most diverse research organisation.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Context: what is the last mentioned organization?

Context: It is an agency under the Department of Defence Research and Development in Ministry of Defence of the Government of India, charged with the military's research and development.

Question: when was it formed?

Answer: 1958.

Defence Research and Development Organisation

Explanation: It was formed in 1958 by the merger of the Technical Development Establishment and the Directorate of Technical Development and Production of the Indian Ordnance Factories with the Defence Science Organisation.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Context: when was it formed?

Question: are they involved in developing defence technologies?

Answer: Yes, are engaged in developing defence technologies covering various fields, like aeronautics, armaments, electronics etc.

Defence Research and Development Organisation

Explanation: With a network of 52 laboratories, which are engaged in developing defence technologies covering various fields, like aeronautics, armaments, electronics, land combat engineering, life sciences, materials, missiles, and naval systems, DRDO is India's largest and most diverse research organisation.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is a.p.j abdul kalam?

Context: when was it formed?

Context: are they involved in developing defence technologies?

Context: Yes, are engaged in developing defence technologies covering various fields, like aeronautics, armaments, electronics etc.

Question: what did the scientist mentioned earlier do during his post presidency period?

Answer: After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, and the Indian Institute of Management Indore; an honorary fellow of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore; chancellor of the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram etc.

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam [SEP] Post-presidency

After leaving office, Kalam became a visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong, the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, and the Indian Institute of Management Indore; an honorary fellow of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore; chancellor of the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram; professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University; and an adjunct at many other academic and research institutions across India. He taught information technology at the International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, and technology at Banaras Hindu University and Anna University. In May 2012, Kalam launched a programme for the youth of India called the "What Can I Give Movement", with a central theme of defeating corruption.


Question: who did david schwimmer play in the wonder years

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

David Schwimmer [SEP] Introduction

David Lawrence Schwimmer (born November 2, 1966) is an American actor, comedian, director and producer. Schwimmer began his acting career performing in school plays at Beverly Hills High School. In 1988, he graduated from Northwestern University with a Bachelor of Arts in theater and speech. After graduation, Schwimmer co-founded the Lookingglass Theatre Company. For much of the late 1980s, he lived in Los Angeles as a struggling, unemployed actor, until he starred in the television movie "A Deadly Silence" in 1989 and appeared in a number of television roles in the early 1990s, including "L.A. Law", "The Wonder Years", "NYPD Blue", and "Monty".


Context: who did david schwimmer play in the wonder years

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who is this aforesaid person?

Answer: American actor, comedian, director and producer.

Explanation: David Lawrence Schwimmer (born November 2, 1966) is an American actor, comedian, director and producer.

David Schwimmer [SEP] Introduction

Schwimmer gained worldwide recognition for playing Ross Geller in the sitcom "Friends", for which he received a Screen Actors Guild award and a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series in 1995. While still acting in "Friends", his first leading film role was in "The Pallbearer" (1996), followed by roles in "Kissing a Fool", "Six Days, Seven Nights", "Apt Pupil" (all 1998), and "Picking Up the Pieces" (2000). He was then cast in the miniseries "Band of Brothers" (2001) as Herbert Sobel.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: American actor, comedian, director and producer.

Question: where is he from?

Answer: Flushing, Queens, New York City

David Schwimmer [SEP] Early life

Schwimmer was born in Flushing, Queens, New York City, to attorneys Arthur (born 1941) and Arlene Coleman-Schwimmer (born 1940). His family is Jewish. He has an older sister named Ellie (born 1965). His family subsequently moved to Los Angeles, where Schwimmer had his first experiences of acting, at the age of 10, when he was cast as the fairy godmother in a Jewish version of "Cinderella". In 1979, Schwimmer went to a Shakespeare workshop given by English actor Ian McKellen in Los Angeles. He recalls being riveted by the experience. Schwimmer then entered a contest in the Southern California Shakespeare Festival three years in a row, winning two first prizes.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Flushing, Queens, New York City

Question: how did he start his career?

Answer: He was casted  as the fairy godmother in a Jewish version of "Cinderella"

Explanation: Schwimmer was born in Flushing, Queens, New York City, to attorneys Arthur (born 1941) and Arlene Coleman-Schwimmer (born 1940). His family is Jewish. He has an older sister named Ellie (born 1965). His family subsequently moved to Los Angeles, where Schwimmer had his first experiences of acting, at the age of 10, when he was cast as the fairy godmother in a Jewish version of "Cinderella". In 1979, Schwimmer went to a Shakespeare workshop given by English actor Ian McKellen in Los Angeles. He recalls being riveted by the experience. Schwimmer then entered a contest in the Southern California Shakespeare Festival three years in a row, winning two first prizes.

David Schwimmer [SEP] Early life


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Flushing, Queens, New York City

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: He was casted  as the fairy godmother in a Jewish version of "Cinderella"

Question: what television series was he a part of?

Answer: Friends

David Schwimmer [SEP] 1994–2004: Breakthrough

In 1994, Schwimmer was cast as Dr. Ross Geller in NBC's situation comedy "Friends", a series that revolved around a group of friends who live near each other in Manhattan. He played a hopeless-romantic paleontologist who works at a museum and later becomes a professor at a university. Schwimmer initially turned down the role as Ross, but accepted later. Executive producer Kevin S. Bright said that he had previously worked with Schwimmer, the character of Ross was written with him in mind, and he was the first actor cast. The show debuted on September 22, 1994, and was watched by almost 22 million American viewers.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Flushing, Queens, New York City

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: what television series was he a part of?

Context: Friends

Question: who directed this series?

Answer: David Crane and Marta Kauffman,

Friends [SEP] Introduction

Friends is an American television sitcom, created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994, to May 6, 2004, lasting ten seasons. With an ensemble cast starring Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry and David Schwimmer, the show revolves around six friends in their 20s and 30s who live in Manhattan, New York City. The series was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions, in association with Warner Bros. Television. The original executive producers were Kevin S. Bright, Kauffman, and Crane. Kauffman and Crane began developing "Friends" under the title "Insomnia Cafe" between November and December 1993.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Flushing, Queens, New York City

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: Friends

Context: who directed this series?

Context: David Crane and Marta Kauffman,

Question: what is the basic storyline of this?

Answer: The show revolves around six friends in their 20s and 30s who live in Manhattan, New York City.

Explanation: Friends is an American television sitcom, created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994, to May 6, 2004, lasting ten seasons. With an ensemble cast starring Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry and David Schwimmer, the show revolves around six friends in their 20s and 30s who live in Manhattan, New York City. The series was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions, in association with Warner Bros. Television. The original executive producers were Kevin S. Bright, Kauffman, and Crane.

Friends [SEP] Introduction

They presented the idea to Bright, and together they pitched a seven-page treatment of the show to NBC. After several script rewrites and changes, including title changes to "Six of One" and "Friends Like Us", the series was finally named "Friends". Filming took place at Warner Bros. Studios in Burbank, California. All ten seasons of "Friends" ranked within the top ten of the final television season ratings; it ultimately reached the number-one spot in its eighth season. The series finale aired on May 6, 2004, and was watched by around 52.5 million American viewers, making it the fifth most-watched series finale in television history, and the most-watched television episode of the 2000s.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Flushing, Queens, New York City

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: Friends

Context: who directed this series?

Context: David Crane and Marta Kauffman,

Context: what is the basic storyline of this?

Context: The show revolves around six friends in their 20s and 30s who live in Manhattan, New York City.

Question: who are the characters?

Answer: Rachel Green, Monica,Phoebe Buffay and Joey Tribbiani

Explanation: Rachel Green, a sheltered but friendly woman, flees her wedding day and wealthy yet unfulfilling life, and finds childhood friend Monica Geller, a tightly wound but caring chef. After Rachel becomes a waitress at West Village coffee house Central Perk, she and Monica become roommates at Monica's apartment located above Central Perk, and Rachel joins Monica's group of single people in their mid-20s: Previous roommate Phoebe Buffay, an eccentric, innocent masseuse; neighbor Joey Tribbiani, a dim-witted yet loyal struggling actor and womanizer; Joey's roommate Chandler Bing, a sarcastic, self-deprecating IT manager; and her older brother and Chandler's college roommate Ross Geller, a sweet-natured but insecure paleontologist.

Friends [SEP] Premise

Episodes depict the friends' comedic and romantic adventures and career issues, such as Joey auditioning for roles or Rachel seeking jobs in the fashion industry. The six characters each have many dates and serious relationships, such as Monica with Richard Burke, and Ross with Emily Waltham. Ross and Rachel's intermittent relationship is the most often-recurring storyline; during the ten seasons of the show, they repeatedly date and break up. Ross briefly marries Emily, Ross and Rachel have a child together after a one-night stand, Chandler and Monica date and marry each other, and Phoebe marries Mike Hannigan. Other frequently recurring characters include Ross and Monica's parents Jack and Judy Geller from Long Island; Ross's ex-wife Carol Willick, their son Ben Geller, and Carol's lesbian partner Susan Bunch; Central Perk barista Gunther; Chandler's ex-girlfriend Janice Goralnik; and Phoebe's twin sister Ursula.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Flushing, Queens, New York City

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: Friends

Context: who directed this series?

Context: David Crane and Marta Kauffman,

Context: what is the basic storyline of this?

Context: who are the characters?

Context: Rachel Green, Monica,Phoebe Buffay and Joey Tribbiani

Question: which actors/actresses play these characters?

Answer: Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry and David Schwimmer,

Friends [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Flushing, Queens, New York City

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: Friends

Context: who directed this series?

Context: David Crane and Marta Kauffman,

Context: what is the basic storyline of this?

Context: who are the characters?

Context: which actors/actresses play these characters?

Context: Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry and David Schwimmer,

Question: where is the second mentioned actress from?

Answer: Birmingham, Alabama

Courteney Cox [SEP] Early life

Cox was born and raised in Birmingham, Alabama. She is a daughter of businessman Richard Lewis Cox and Courteney Copeland (née Bass). Cox has two older sisters, Virginia and Dorothy, and an older brother, Richard Jr. Her parents divorced in 1974 and her mother then married businessman Hunter Copeland (uncle to music promoter and business manager Ian Copeland and The Police drummer Stewart Copeland). After graduating from Mountain Brook High School, Cox left for Mount Vernon College in Washington, D.C. (now part of George Washington University), but did not complete her architecture course, opting instead to pursue a career in modeling and acting.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: where is he from?

Context: Flushing, Queens, New York City

Context: how did he start his career?

Context: Friends

Context: who directed this series?

Context: David Crane and Marta Kauffman,

Context: what is the basic storyline of this?

Context: who are the characters?

Context: where is the second mentioned actress from?

Context: Birmingham, Alabama

Question: what did her parents do?

Answer: She is a daughter of businessman Richard Lewis Cox and Courteney Copeland

Explanation: Cox was born and raised in Birmingham, Alabama. She is a daughter of businessman Richard Lewis Cox and Courteney Copeland (née Bass). Cox has two older sisters, Virginia and Dorothy, and an older brother, Richard Jr. Her parents divorced in 1974 and her mother then married businessman Hunter Copeland (uncle to music promoter and business manager

Courteney Cox [SEP] Early life


Question: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Answer: The atmosphere of Uranus is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.

Atmosphere of Uranus [SEP] Introduction

The atmosphere of Uranus is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. At depth it is significantly enriched in volatiles (dubbed "ices") such as water, ammonia and methane. The opposite is true for the upper atmosphere, which contains very few gases heavier than hydrogen and helium due to its low temperature. Uranus's atmosphere is the coldest of all the planets, with its temperature reaching as low as 49 K. The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into five main layers: the troposphere, between altitudes of −600 and 50 km and pressures from 100 to 0.1 bar; the stratosphere, spanning altitudes between 50 and 4000 km and pressures of between and the hot thermosphere (and exosphere) extending from an altitude of 4,056 km to several Uranian radii from the nominal surface at 1 bar pressure.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: The atmosphere of Uranus is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium.

Question: who was the first to observe it?

Answer: The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins

Atmosphere of Uranus [SEP] Observation and exploration

Although there is no well-defined solid surface within Uranus's interior, the outermost part of Uranus's gaseous envelope (the region accessible to remote sensing) is called its atmosphere. Remote sensing capability extends down to roughly 300 km below the 1 bar level, with a corresponding pressure around 100 bar and temperature of 320 K. The observational history of the Uranian atmosphere is long and full of error and frustration. Uranus is a relatively faint object, and its visible angular diameter is smaller than 5″. The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins, who found a number of broad dark bands, which they were unable to identify.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins

Question: where is the first person from?

Answer: Reggio Emilia, a city in northern Italy.

Reggio Emilia [SEP] Introduction

Reggio nell'Emilia (, ; ; ), also referred to as Reggio Emilia or Reggio by its inhabitants, is a city in northern Italy, in the Emilia-Romagna region. It has about 171,944 inhabitants and is the main "comune" (municipality) of the Province of Reggio Emilia. The inhabitants of Reggio nell'Emilia are called "Reggiani", while the inhabitants of Reggio di Calabria, in the southwest of the country, are called "Reggini". The old town has a hexagonal form, which derives from the ancient walls, and the main buildings are from the 16th–17th centuries. The commune's territory lies entirely on a plain, crossed by the Crostolo stream.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: Reggio Emilia, a city in northern Italy.

Question: can you tell me some of his astronomical works?

Answer: His main area of interest was astronomical spectroscopy. He invented the heliospectrograph, star spectrograph, and telespectroscope. He showed that certain absorption lines in the spectrum of the Sun were caused by absorption in the Earth's atmosphere.

Angelo Secchi [SEP] Astronomical works

Secchi made contributions to many areas of astronomy. Secchi was especially interested in the Sun, which he observed continually throughout his career. However, his main area of interest was astronomical spectroscopy. He invented the heliospectrograph, star spectrograph, and telespectroscope. He showed that certain absorption lines in the spectrum of the Sun were caused by absorption in the Earth's atmosphere.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: can you tell me some of his astronomical works?

Context: His main area of interest was astronomical spectroscopy. He invented the heliospectrograph, star spectrograph, and telespectroscope. He showed that certain absorption lines in the spectrum of the Sun were caused by absorption in the Earth's atmosphere.

Question: did the second person invent any telescope?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Angelo Secchi [SEP] Astronomical works


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: did the second person invent any telescope?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: and where is he from?

Answer: Cornhill, Middlesex

William Huggins [SEP] Biography

William Huggins was born at Cornhill, Middlesex, in 1824. In 1875, he married Margaret Lindsay, daughter of John Murray of Dublin, who also had an interest in astronomy and scientific research. She encouraged her husband's photography and helped to put their research on a systematic footing. Huggins built a private observatory at 90 Upper Tulse Hill, London, from where he and his wife carried out extensive observations of the spectral emission lines and absorption lines of various celestial objects. On 29 August 1864, Huggins was the first to take the spectrum of a planetary nebula when he analysed NGC 6543.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Question: what kind of a structure does the atmosphere on that planet have?

Answer: The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into three main layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, and the thermosphere/exosphere

Atmosphere of Uranus [SEP] Structure

The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into three main layers: the troposphere, between altitudes of −300 and 50 km and pressures from 100 to 0.1 bar; the stratosphere, spanning altitudes between 50 and 4000 km and pressures between and the thermosphere/exosphere extending from 4000 km to as high as a few Uranus radii from the surface. There is no mesosphere.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Context: what kind of a structure does the atmosphere on that planet have?

Context: The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into three main layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, and the thermosphere/exosphere

Question: who discovered the planet where the atmosphere belongs to?

Answer: Hipparchos

Uranus [SEP] Discovery

Uranus had been observed on many occasions before its recognition as a planet, but it was generally mistaken for a star. Possibly the earliest known observation was by Hipparchos, who in 128 BC might have recorded it as a star for his star catalogue that was later incorporated into Ptolemy's Almagest. The earliest definite sighting was in 1690, when John Flamsteed observed it at least six times, cataloguing it as 34 Tauri. The French astronomer Pierre Charles Le Monnier observed Uranus at least twelve times between 1750 and 1769, including on four consecutive nights. Sir William Herschel observed Uranus on 13 March 1781 from the garden of his house at 19 New King Street in Bath, Somerset, England (now the Herschel Museum of Astronomy), and initially reported it (on 26 April 1781) as a comet.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Context: who discovered the planet where the atmosphere belongs to?

Context: Hipparchos

Question: and how is the climate like on this planet?

Answer: Uranus is the coldest planet in the Solar System.

Uranus [SEP] Climate

At ultraviolet and visible wavelengths, Uranus's atmosphere is bland in comparison to the other giant planets, even to Neptune, which it otherwise closely resembles. When "Voyager 2" flew by Uranus in 1986, it observed a total of ten cloud features across the entire planet. One proposed explanation for this dearth of features is that Uranus's internal heat appears markedly lower than that of the other giant planets. The lowest temperature recorded in Uranus's tropopause is , making Uranus the coldest planet in the Solar System.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Context: Hipparchos

Context: and how is the climate like on this planet?

Context: Uranus is the coldest planet in the Solar System.

Question: and how many moons does it have?

Answer: Uranus has 27 known natural satellites.

Explanation: Uranus has 27 known natural satellites.

Uranus [SEP] Moons

Uranus has 27 known natural satellites. The names of these satellites are chosen from characters in the works of Shakespeare and Alexander Pope. The five main satellites are Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon. The Uranian satellite system is the least massive among those of the giant planets; the combined mass of the five major satellites would be less than half that of Triton (largest moon of Neptune) alone. The largest of Uranus's satellites, Titania, has a radius of only , or less than half that of the Moon, but slightly more than Rhea, the second-largest satellite of Saturn, making Titania the eighth-largest moon in the Solar System.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: who was the first to observe it?

Context: where is the first person from?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: and where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Context: Hipparchos

Context: and how many moons does it have?

Context: Uranus has 27 known natural satellites.

Question: can you tell me where the second main layer of this planet's atmosphere is located?

Answer: It is just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere is stratified (layered) in temperature, with warmer layers higher and cooler layers closer to the Earth

Stratosphere [SEP] Introduction

The stratosphere () is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere is stratified (layered) in temperature, with warmer layers higher and cooler layers closer to the Earth; this increase of temperature with altitude is a result of the absorption of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation (shortened UV) by the ozone layer. This is in contrast to the troposphere, near the Earth's surface, where temperature decreases with altitude. The border between the troposphere and stratosphere, the tropopause, marks where this temperature inversion begins. Near the equator, the lower edge of the stratosphere is as high as , at midlatitudes around , and at the poles about Temperatures range from an average of near the tropopause to an average of near the mesosphere.


Question: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Answer: After speculation that Izzie would be killed off in the fifth season.

Izzie Stevens [SEP] Introduction

She was critical of the character's development during the show's fourth season, particularly her romance with her on-screen best-friend George. She declined to pursue a nomination for the 2008 Emmy Awards, citing insufficient material in the role. After speculation that Izzie would be killed off in the fifth season, the character was diagnosed with Stage 4 metastatic melanoma. She married Alex in the series' 100th episode, and afterwards, her tumor was successfully removed. Izzie made her final appearance in the sixth season, leaving Seattle after Alex refused to resume their marriage. Heigl requested to be released from her contract 18 months early, in order to spend more time with her family.


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: After speculation that Izzie would be killed off in the fifth season.

Question: who is this person?

Answer: She is a fictional character from the medical drama television series "Grey's Anatomy".

Izzie Stevens [SEP] Introduction

Isobel Katherine Stevens, M.D. is a fictional character from the medical drama television series "Grey's Anatomy", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, and was portrayed by actress Katherine Heigl from 2005 to 2010. Introduced as a surgical intern at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital, Izzie worked her way up to resident level, while her relationships with her colleagues Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo), Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh), Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) and George O'Malley (T. R. Knight) formed a focal point of the series. Heigl garnered high critical acclaim for her performance as Izzie and received numerous awards and nominations for her role, winning the Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series at the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards in 2007.


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: She is a fictional character from the medical drama television series "Grey's Anatomy".

Question: who was casted for this character?

Answer: Katherine Heigl.

Explanation: The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, and was portrayed by actress Katherine Heigl from 2005 to 2010.

Izzie Stevens [SEP] Introduction


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Question: what were her works after this medical series?

Answer: "New Year's Eve" (2011), "The Big Wedding" (2013), and "Unforgettable" (2017) to name a few.

Katherine Heigl [SEP] Introduction

Her best known film appearances include roles in "Knocked Up" (2007), "27 Dresses" (2008), "The Ugly Truth" (2009), "Killers" (2010), "Life As We Know It" (2010), "New Year's Eve" (2011), "The Big Wedding" (2013), and "Unforgettable" (2017). Heigl, known for her silky baritone voice, has acheived a prominent career in acting and modeling. Heigl has also starred in several films that have seen limited releases, including "Jackie & Ryan" (2014), "Home Sweet Hell" (2015), and "Jenny's Wedding" (2015). She also portrayed the lead role on the short-lived NBC television series "State of Affairs" from 2014 to 2015, and has lent her voice to the animated film "The Nut Job" (2014) and its .


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Context: what were her works after this medical series?

Context: "New Year's Eve" (2011), "The Big Wedding" (2013), and "Unforgettable" (2017) to name a few.

Question: was she into charity?

Answer: Yes, She has worked with Best Friends Animal Society, She gave a grant to Best Friends to fund a year of the program and Heigl and her mother, Nancy, started Heigl's Hounds of Hope, which operates as part of the Jason Debus Heigl Foundation.

Explanation:
Heigl has worked with Best Friends Animal Society on several projects, including their Pup My Ride program. The program transports small dogs from high-kill animal shelters to other parts of the US where there is a higher demand for such dogs. She gave a grant to Best Friends to fund a year of the program. Heigl and her mother, Nancy, started Heigl's Hounds of Hope, which operates as part of the Jason Debus Heigl Foundation.

The Foundation was created in honor of Heigl's brother, who was killed in a car accident in 1986 at the age of fifteen. Heigl's Hounds of Hope rescues larger dogs with behavior problems from shelters with a high kill rate. It rehabilitates them through training and other adjustments to make them suitable for re-homing.

Katherine Heigl [SEP] Charity work


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Context: was she into charity?

Context: Yes, She has worked with Best Friends Animal Society, She gave a grant to Best Friends to fund a year of the program and Heigl and her mother, Nancy, started Heigl's Hounds of Hope, which operates as part of the Jason Debus Heigl Foundation.

Question: when was this mentioned animal society formed?

Answer: 1993.

Explanation: Best Friends Animal Society, founded in its present form in 1993, is an American nonprofit 501(c)(3) animal welfare organization. The group does outreach nationwide with shelters, rescue groups and members to promote pet adoption, no-kill animal rescue, and spay-and-neuter practices.

Best Friends Animal Society [SEP] Introduction


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Context: was she into charity?

Context: when was this mentioned animal society formed?

Question: what does it deals with?

Answer: The group does outreach nationwide with shelters, rescue groups and members to promote pet adoption, no-kill animal rescue, and spay-and-neuter practices.

Explanation: The group does outreach nationwide with shelters, rescue groups and members to promote pet adoption, no-kill animal rescue, and spay-and-neuter practices.


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Context: was she into charity?

Context: what does it deals with?

Context: The group does outreach nationwide with shelters, rescue groups and members to promote pet adoption, no-kill animal rescue, and spay-and-neuter practices.

Question: can you name those who created this group?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Context: was she into charity?

Context: what does it deals with?

Context: can you name those who created this group?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: you have mentioned some works of the above actress; is the first one a film?

Answer: Yes, it is a 2011 American romantic comedy film directed by Garry Marshall.

New Year's Eve (2011 film) [SEP] Introduction

New Year's Eve is a 2011 American romantic comedy film directed by Garry Marshall. The film consists of an ensemble cast consisting of Halle Berry, Jessica Biel, Jon Bon Jovi, Abigail Breslin, Chris "Ludacris" Bridges, Robert De Niro, Josh Duhamel, Zac Efron, Héctor Elizondo, Katherine Heigl, Ashton Kutcher, Seth Meyers, Lea Michele, Sarah Jessica Parker, Michelle Pfeiffer, Til Schweiger, Jake T. Austin, Hilary Swank, and Sofía Vergara. "New Year's Eve" is the second in an unofficial trilogy of romantic comedy films directed by Garry Marshall, set on a one-day holiday and featuring an ensemble cast in a variety of stories, the other films being "Valentine's Day" (2010) and "Mother's Day" (2016).


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Context: was she into charity?

Context: what does it deals with?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: you have mentioned some works of the above actress; is the first one a film?

Context: Yes, it is a 2011 American romantic comedy film directed by Garry Marshall.

Question: who else acted in it?

Answer: Halle Berry, Jessica Biel, Jon Bon Jovi and many more.

Explanation: The film consists of an ensemble cast consisting of Halle Berry, Jessica Biel, Jon Bon Jovi, Abigail Breslin, Chris "Ludacris" Bridges, Robert De Niro, Josh Duhamel, Zac Efron, Héctor Elizondo, Katherine Heigl, Ashton Kutcher, Seth Meyers, Lea Michele, Sarah Jessica Parker, Michelle Pfeiffer, Til Schweiger, Jake T. Austin, Hilary Swank, and Sofía Vergara.


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Context: was she into charity?

Context: what does it deals with?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who else acted in it?

Context: Halle Berry, Jessica Biel, Jon Bon Jovi and many more.

Question: what is its storyline?

Answer: "New Year's Eve" follows several interconnected stories of people experiencing various problems on New Year's Eve.

New Year's Eve (2011 film) [SEP] Plot

"New Year's Eve" follows several interconnected stories of people experiencing various problems on New Year's Eve. Vice-President of the Times Square Alliance Claire Morgan is making the final arrangements for the ball drop with the help of her friend, police officer Brendan. Meanwhile, after being nearly run over by a car and denied a vacation, Ahern Records secretary Ingrid Withers quits her job and offers deliveryman Paul Doyle tickets for the Ahern Records Masquerade Ball if Paul helps her complete a series of New Year's resolutions before midnight, which he accepts. Paul's older sister Kim Doyle is having trouble with her teenage daughter Hailey, who wants to spend New Year's Eve with her friends and her boyfriend Seth Anderson in Times Square, though Kim wants to spend the new year with Hailey after her divorce.


Context: when does izzie get sick in grey's

Context: who is this person?

Context: who was casted for this character?

Context: Katherine Heigl.

Context: was she into charity?

Context: what does it deals with?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who else acted in it?

Context: what is its storyline?

Context: "New Year's Eve" follows several interconnected stories of people experiencing various problems on New Year's Eve.

Question: the aforementioned medical series we talked about; where was its filming took place?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

New Year's Eve (2011 film) [SEP] Plot


Question: which is the largest state of india uttar pradesh rajasthan

Answer: Rajasthan

Rajasthan [SEP] Introduction

Rajasthan ( ; literally, "Land of Kings") is a state in northern India. The state covers an area of or 10.4 percent of the total geographical area of India. It is the largest Indian state by area and the seventh largest by population. Rajasthan is located on the northwestern side of India, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable Thar Desert (also known as the "Great Indian Desert") and shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej-Indus river valley. It is bordered by five other Indian states: Punjab to the north; Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast; Madhya Pradesh to the southeast; and Gujarat to the southwest.


Context: which is the largest state of india uttar pradesh rajasthan

Context: Rajasthan

Question: what kind of animals are found there?

Answer: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Rajasthan [SEP] Flora and fauna

The region is a haven for migratory and resident birds of the desert. One can see many eagles, harriers, falcons, buzzards, kestrels and vultures. Short-toed snake eagles "(Circaetus gallicus)", tawny eagles "(Aquila rapax)", spotted eagles "(Aquila clanga)", laggar falcons "(Falco jugger)" and kestrels are the commonest of these. The Ranthambore National Park located in Sawai Madhopur, one of the well known tiger reserves in the country, became a part of Project Tiger in 1973.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Question: from where did the second species get its name?

Answer: The genus name "Falco" is from Late Latin "falx", "falcis", a sickle, referring to the claws of the bird.

Falcon [SEP] Etymology

The genus name "Falco" is from Late Latin "falx", "falcis", a sickle, referring to the claws of the bird. In Middle English and Old French, the title "faucon" refers generically to several captive raptor species. The traditional term for a male falcon is "tercel" (British spelling) or "tiercel" (American spelling), from the Latin (third) because of the belief that only one in three eggs hatched a male bird. Some sources give the etymology as deriving from the fact that a male falcon is about one-third smaller than a female (). A falcon chick, especially one reared for falconry, still in its downy stage, is known as an "eyas" (sometimes spelled "eyass").


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: from where did the second species get its name?

Context: The genus name "Falco" is from Late Latin "falx", "falcis", a sickle, referring to the claws of the bird.

Question: how old are the fossils found?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Falcon [SEP] Etymology


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how many administrative divisions are there in the state?

Answer: Rajasthan is divided into 33 districts within seven divisions

Rajasthan [SEP] Administrative divisions

Rajasthan is divided into 33 districts within seven divisions:


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how many administrative divisions are there in the state?

Context: Rajasthan is divided into 33 districts within seven divisions

Question: is agriculture a major source of employment there?

Answer: Yes, Rajasthan's economy is primarily agricultural and pastoral

Rajasthan [SEP] Economy

Rajasthan's economy is primarily agricultural and pastoral. Wheat and barley are cultivated over large areas, as are pulses, sugarcane, and oilseeds. Cotton and tobacco are the state's cash crops. Rajasthan is among the largest producers of edible oils in India and the second-largest producer of oilseeds. Rajasthan is also the biggest wool-producing state in India and the main opium producer and consumer. There are mainly two crop seasons. The water for irrigation comes from wells and tanks. The Indira Gandhi Canal irrigates northwestern Rajasthan. The main industries are mineral based, agriculture-based, and textile based. Rajasthan is the second-largest producer of polyester fiber in India.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is agriculture a major source of employment there?

Context: Yes, Rajasthan's economy is primarily agricultural and pastoral

Question: what is the major agricultural produce?

Answer: Barley and guar

Rajasthan [SEP] Agricultural production

Rajasthan is the largest producer of barley, mustard, pearl millet, coriander, fenugreek and guar in India. Rajasthan produces over 72% of guar of the world and 60% of India's barley. Rajasthan is major producer of aloe vera, amla, oranges leading producer of maize, groundnut. Rajasthan government had initiated olive cultivation with technical support from Israel. The current production of olives in the state is around 100–110 tonnes annually. Rajasthan is India's second largest producer of milk. Rajasthan has 13800 dairy co-operative societies.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Question: what sort of soil is required for the second one?

Answer: Fertile, medium-textured and sandy loam soils that are well-drained

Guar [SEP] Soil Requirements

"Cyamopsis tetragonoloba" (L.) can grow on a wide range of soil types. Preferably in fertile, medium-textured and sandy loam soils that are well-drained, since waterlogging decreases plant performance. Guar grows best in moderate alkaline conditions (pH 7-8) and is tolerant of salinity. Its taproots are inoculated with rhizobia nodules, thus it produces nitrogen-rich biomass and improves soil quality.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what sort of soil is required for the second one?

Context: Fertile, medium-textured and sandy loam soils that are well-drained

Question: what are its varieties?

Answer: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Explanation: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Guar [SEP] Varieties

Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar. Seeds at the rate of 30 kilograms/hectare (9–11 lb/acre) are planted at a spacing of 45-60 x 20–30 cm (18–24 x 8–12 in) in February–March and June–July. During the rainy season, seeds are sown 2–3 cm (~1 in) deep on ridges and in furrows during summer months. FYM is applied at the rate of 25 tonnes/ha (11.1 tons/acre). N, P2O5 and K2O recommendation for the crop is 20:60:80 kg/ha (18:53:71 lb/acre). Average yield is 5 to 6 tonnes/ha (2.2–2.6 tons/acre). Meager information is available for genetic variability in clusterbean addressing the qualitative traits (Pathak et al.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Question: what are its uses apart from food?

Answer: The hydraulic fracturing extraction of oil and shale gas

Guar [SEP] Fracking agent

The use of guar gum in the hydraulic fracturing (fracking) extraction of oil and shale gas has increased demand substantially. Only 10% of Indian production is used domestically. The remaining 90% is exported for shale gas and oil industries. Consequently, many former cotton or wheat fields are converted into guar fields as production costs are lower. The increase of guar gum prices also has other reasons.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Context: what are its uses apart from food?

Context: The hydraulic fracturing extraction of oil and shale gas

Question: what are the types of first agricultural produce?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Guar [SEP] Fracking agent


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Context: what are its uses apart from food?

Context: what are the types of first agricultural produce?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is its ornamental use?

Answer: A new stabilized variegated variety of "H. vulgare", billed as "H. vulgare" variegate, has been introduced for cultivation as an ornamental and pot plant for pet cats to nibble.

Explanation: A new stabilized variegated variety of "H. vulgare", billed as "H. vulgare" variegate, has been introduced for cultivation as an ornamental and pot plant for pet cats to nibble.

Barley [SEP] Ornamental


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Context: what are its uses apart from food?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its ornamental use?

Context: A new stabilized variegated variety of "H. vulgare", billed as "H. vulgare" variegate, has been introduced for cultivation as an ornamental and pot plant for pet cats to nibble.

Question: what is its cultural significance?

Answer: In English folklore, the figure of John Barleycorn in the folksong of the same name is a personification of barley

Explanation: In English folklore, the figure of John Barleycorn in the folksong of the same name is a personification of barley, and of the alcoholic beverages made from it: beer and whisky. In the song, John Barleycorn is represented as suffering attacks, death, and indignities that correspond to the various stages of barley cultivation, such as reaping and malting.

Barley [SEP] Cultural


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Context: what are its uses apart from food?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its ornamental use?

Context: what is its cultural significance?

Context: In English folklore, the figure of John Barleycorn in the folksong of the same name is a personification of barley

Question: is it used to produce any beverage?

Answer: Yes, beer and whisky

Barley [SEP] Alcoholic beverages

Barley is a key ingredient in beer and whisky production. Two-row barley is traditionally used in German and English beers. Six-row barley was traditionally used in US beers, but both varieties are in common usage now. Distilled from green beer, whisky has been made primarily from barley in Ireland and Scotland, while other countries have used more diverse sources of alcohol, such as the more common corn, rye and wheat in the USA. In the US, a grain type may be identified on a whisky label if that type of grain constitutes 51% or more of the ingredients and certain other conditions are satisfied.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Context: what are its uses apart from food?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its ornamental use?

Context: what is its cultural significance?

Context: is it used to produce any beverage?

Context: Yes, beer and whisky

Question: what are the other ingredients of the first one?

Answer: Maize, rice, wheat, water

Beer [SEP] Ingredients

The basic ingredients of beer are water; a starch source, such as malted barley, able to be saccharified (converted to sugars) then fermented (converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide); a brewer's yeast to produce the fermentation; and a flavouring such as hops. A mixture of starch sources may be used, with a secondary carbohydrate source, such as maize (corn), rice, wheat, or sugar, often being termed an adjunct, especially when used alongside malted barley. Less widely used starch sources include millet, sorghum and cassava root in Africa, and potato in Brazil, and agave in Mexico, among others. The amount of each starch source in a beer recipe is collectively called the grain bill.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Context: what are its uses apart from food?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its ornamental use?

Context: what is its cultural significance?

Context: is it used to produce any beverage?

Context: Yes, beer and whisky

Context: what are the other ingredients of the first one?

Context: Maize, rice, wheat, water

Question: does it affect health?

Answer: Yes, Beer contains ethanol, an alcohol, which has short and long-term effects on the user when consumed.

Beer [SEP] Health effects

Beer contains ethanol, an alcohol, which has short and long-term effects on the user when consumed. Different concentrations of alcohol in the human body have different effects on a person. The effects of alcohol depend on the amount an individual has drunk, the percentage of alcohol in the beer and the timespan over which the consumption has taken place, the amount of food eaten and whether an individual has taken other prescription, over-the-counter or street drugs, among other factors. Drinking enough to cause a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.03%–0.12% typically causes an overall improvement in mood and possible euphoria, increased self-confidence and sociability, decreased anxiety, a flushed, red appearance in the face, impaired judgement and fine muscle coordination.


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Context: what are its uses apart from food?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its ornamental use?

Context: what is its cultural significance?

Context: is it used to produce any beverage?

Context: Yes, beer and whisky

Context: Maize, rice, wheat, water

Context: does it affect health?

Context: Yes, Beer contains ethanol, an alcohol, which has short and long-term effects on the user when consumed.

Question: what are the different sources of flavor for the second beverage mentioned above?

Answer: Malt and oak

Explanation: The distinctive smoky flavour found in various types of whisky, especially Scotch, is due to the use of peat smoke to treat the malt.

Whisky [SEP] Flavours from treating the malt


Context: Rajasthan

Context: what kind of animals are found there?

Context: Harriers, falcons, buzzards

Context: how old are the fossils found?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the major agricultural produce?

Context: Barley and guar

Context: what are its varieties?

Context: Pusa Naubahar and Pusa Sadabahar

Context: what are its uses apart from food?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is its ornamental use?

Context: what is its cultural significance?

Context: is it used to produce any beverage?

Context: Yes, beer and whisky

Context: Maize, rice, wheat, water

Context: does it affect health?

Context: what are the different sources of flavor for the second beverage mentioned above?

Context: Malt and oak

Question: how aging affects it?

Answer: Whiskies do not mature in the bottle, only in the cask, so the "age" of a whisky is only the time between distillation and bottling

Whisky [SEP] Aging

Whiskies do not mature in the bottle, only in the cask, so the "age" of a whisky is only the time between distillation and bottling. This reflects how much the cask has interacted with the whisky, changing its chemical makeup and taste. Whiskies that have been bottled for many years may have a rarity value, but are not "older" and not necessarily "better" than a more recent whisky that matured in wood for a similar time. After a decade or two, additional aging in a barrel does not necessarily improve a whisky. While aging in wooden casks, especially American oak and French oak casks, whisky undergoes six processes that contribute to its final flavor: extraction, evaporation, oxidation, concentration, filtration, and colouration.


Question: what is savile row?

Answer: A street in Mayfair, central London

Savile Row [SEP] Introduction

Savile Row (pronounced ) is a street in Mayfair, central London. Known principally for its traditional bespoke tailoring for men, the street has had a varied history that has included accommodating the headquarters of the Royal Geographical Society at 1 Savile Row, where significant British explorations to Africa and the South Pole were planned; and more recently, the Apple office of the Beatles at 3 Savile Row, where the band's final live performance was held on the roof of the building. Originally named Savile Street, it was built between 1731 and 1735 as part of the development of the Burlington Estate.


Context:
what is savile row?
A street in Mayfair, central London

Question: which year was it built?

Answer: Between 1731 and 1735

Explanation: Originally named Savile Street, it was built between 1731 and 1735

Savile Row [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is savile row?
A street in Mayfair, central London
which year was it built?
Between 1731 and 1735

Question: which company built it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Savile Row [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is savile row?
A street in Mayfair, central London
which year was it built?
Between 1731 and 1735
which company built it?
UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is special about this avenue?

Answer: It is known principally for its traditional bespoke tailoring for men

Explanation: Known principally for its traditional bespoke tailoring for men

Savile Row [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is savile row?

Context: A street in Mayfair, central London

Context: which year was it built?

Context: Between 1731 and 1735

Context: which company built it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: It is known principally for its traditional bespoke tailoring for men

Question: can a name a few tailors/shops in that avenue?

Answer: H. Huntsman & Sons and Nutters of Savile Row

Savile Row [SEP] Introduction

Founded in 1849 by Henry Huntsman, H. Huntsman & Sons moved to No. 11 Savile Row with the ending of the war in 1919. During the First World War, Huntsman's was a tailor to the military, producing dress uniforms for British officers throughout the conflict. In 1969, Nutters of Savile Row modernised the style and approach of traditional Savile Row tailoring; a modernisation that continued in the 1990s with the "New Bespoke Movement", involving the designers Richard James, Ozwald Boateng, and Timothy Everest. The term "bespoke" as applied to fine tailoring is understood to have originated in Savile Row, and came to mean a suit cut and made by hand.


Context: what is savile row?

Context: A street in Mayfair, central London

Context: which year was it built?

Context: Between 1731 and 1735

Context: which company built it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: can a name a few tailors/shops in that avenue?

Context: H. Huntsman & Sons and Nutters of Savile Row

Question: who owns that avenue?

Answer: Pollen Estate

Savile Row [SEP] Ownership

The freehold is owned by the Pollen Estate, who work in partnership with Westminster City Council to protect the street's tailoring heritage under the Savile Row SPA (Special Policy Area). As of August 2014, Norway's Oil Fund, the world's largest sovereign wealth fund, had acquired a 57.8% interest in the Pollen Estate. This includes properties in Mayfair, among which is Savile Row.


Context: what is savile row?

Context: A street in Mayfair, central London

Context: which year was it built?

Context: Between 1731 and 1735

Context: which company built it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: who owns that avenue?

Context: Pollen Estate

Question: name a few architects who designed that avenue.

Answer: Henry Flitcroft, Daniel Garrett and William Kent

Savile Row [SEP] Introduction

It was designed under the influence of Burlington's interpretation of Palladian architecture, known as "Burlingtonian". Henry Flitcroft, under the supervision of Daniel Garrett, appears to have been the main architect – though 1 and 22–23 Savile Row were designed by William Kent. Initially, the street was occupied mainly by military officers and their wives; later William Pitt the Younger and Irish-born playwright and MP Richard Brinsley Sheridan were residents. Tailors started doing business in the area in the late 18th century; first in Cork Street, about 1790, then by 1803 in Savile Row itself. In 1846, Henry Poole, later credited as the creator of the dinner jacket or tuxedo, opened an entrance to Savile Row from his tailoring premises in Old Burlington Street.


Context: what is savile row?

Context: A street in Mayfair, central London

Context: which year was it built?

Context: Between 1731 and 1735

Context: which company built it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: who owns that avenue?

Context: Pollen Estate

Context: name a few architects who designed that avenue.

Context: Henry Flitcroft, Daniel Garrett and William Kent

Question: name a few architectural works of the third architect mentioned above.

Answer: Royal Mews at Charing Cross, the Treasury buildings in Whitehall and the Horse Guards building in Whitehall

Explanation: the Royal Mews at Charing Cross (1731–33, demolished in 1830), the Treasury buildings in Whitehall (1733–37), and the Horse Guards building in Whitehall (designed shortly before his death and built 1750–1759).

William Kent [SEP] Architectural works

These neo-antique buildings were inspired as much by the architecture of Raphael and Giulio Romano as by Palladio. In country house building, major commissions for Kent were designing the interiors of Houghton Hall (c.1725–35), recently built by Colen Campbell for Sir Robert Walpole, but at Holkham Hall the most complete embodiment of Palladian ideals is still to be found; there Kent collaborated with Thomas Coke, the other "architect earl", and had for an assistant Matthew Brettingham, whose own architecture would carry Palladian ideals into the next generation. Walpole's son Horace described Kent as below mediocrity as a painter, a restorer of science as an architect and the father of modern gardening and inventor of an art.


Context: what is savile row?

Context: A street in Mayfair, central London

Context: which year was it built?

Context: Between 1731 and 1735

Context: which company built it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: who owns that avenue?

Context: Pollen Estate

Context: name a few architectural works of the third architect mentioned above.

Context: Royal Mews at Charing Cross, the Treasury buildings in Whitehall and the Horse Guards building in Whitehall

Question: near which palace is the first building structure located?

Answer: Buckingham Palace

Explanation: The present Royal Mews is in the grounds of Buckingham Palace, to the south of Buckingham Palace Gardens, near Grosvenor Place.

Royal Mews [SEP] Buckingham Palace

The current Royal Mews was built to designs by John Nash and were completed in 1825 (though the Riding School, thought to be by William Chambers, dates from the 1760s). The buildings have been modified extensively since. The Royal Mews is regularly open to the public. The state coaches and other carriages are kept there, along with about 30 horses, together with their modern counterparts, the state motor cars. Coachmen, grooms, chauffeurs and other staff are accommodated in flats above the carriage houses and stables.


Context: what is savile row?

Context: A street in Mayfair, central London

Context: which year was it built?

Context: Between 1731 and 1735

Context: which company built it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is special about this avenue?

Context: who owns that avenue?

Context: Pollen Estate

Context: near which palace is the first building structure located?

Context: Buckingham Palace

Question: what landscapes did he design?

Answer: Chiswick House, Alexander Pope's villa garden and Rousham House

William Kent [SEP] Landscape architect

As a landscape designer, Kent was one of the originators of the English landscape garden, a style of "natural" gardening that revolutionised the laying out of gardens and estates. His projects included Chiswick House, Stowe, Buckinghamshire, from about 1730 onwards, designs for Alexander Pope's villa garden at Twickenham, for Queen Caroline at Richmond, and notably at Rousham House, Oxfordshire, where he created a sequence of Arcadian set-pieces punctuated with temples, cascades, grottoes, Palladian bridges and exedra, opening the field for the larger scale achievements of Capability Brown in the following generation. Smaller Kent works can be found at Shotover Park, Oxfordshire, including a faux Gothic eyecatcher and a domed pavilion.


Question: the four chemical bases that make up dna are adenine thymine guanine and cystosine

Answer: Yes, that is correct.

Explanation: nds are known as polynucleotides as they are composed of simpler monomeric units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of one of four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A] or thymine [T]), a sugar called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group. The nucleotides are joined to one another in a chain by covalent bonds (known as the phospho-diester linkage) between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next, resulting in an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone. The nitrogenous bases of the two separate polynucleotide strands are bound t

DNA [SEP] Introduction

This information is replicated as and when the two strands separate. A large part of DNA (more than 98% for humans) is non-coding, meaning that these sections do not serve as patterns for protein sequences. The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions to each other and are thus antiparallel. Attached to each sugar is one of four types of nucleobases (informally, "bases"). It is the sequence of these four nucleobases along the backbone that encodes genetic information. RNA strands are created using DNA strands as a template in a process called transcription, where DNA bases are exchanged for their corresponding bases except in the case of thymine (T), for which RNA substitutes uracil (U).


Context: the four chemical bases that make up dna are adenine thymine guanine and cystosine

Context: Yes, that is correct.

Question: what is the full form of the abbreviation mentioned above?

Answer: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Explanation: Deoxyribonucleic acid (; DNA) is a mole

DNA [SEP] Introduction

Deoxyribonucleic acid (; DNA) is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), nucleic acids are one of the four major types of macromolecules that are essential for all known forms of life. The two DNA strands are known as polynucleotides as they are composed of simpler monomeric units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of one of four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A] or thymine [T]), a sugar called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: what is the full form of the abbreviation mentioned above?

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Question: what is it?

Answer: It is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.

Explanation: Deoxyribonucleic acid (; DNA) is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.

DNA [SEP] Introduction


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: It is a molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.

Question: can you explain a bit more about the microorganism that you just mentioned?

Answer: A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.

Virus [SEP] Introduction

A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898, more than 6,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: can you explain a bit more about the microorganism that you just mentioned?

Context: A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.

Question: from where does it get its name?

Answer: Latin.

Virus [SEP] Etymology

The word is from the Latin neuter referring to poison and other noxious liquids, from the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit , Avestan , and ancient Greek (all meaning "poison"), first attested in English in 1398 in John Trevisa's translation of Bartholomeus Anglicus's "De Proprietatibus Rerum". "Virulent", from Latin "virulentus" (poisonous), dates to c. 1400. A meaning of "agent that causes infectious disease" is first recorded in 1728, long before the discovery of viruses by Dmitri Ivanovsky in 1892. The English plural is "viruses" (sometimes also "vira"), whereas the Latin word is a mass noun, which has no classically attested plural ("vīra" is used in Neo-Latin).


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Question: by whom was it discovered?

Answer: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Explanation: ase as Sanskrit , Avestan , and ancient Greek (all meaning "poison"), first attested in English in 1398 in John Trevisa's translation of Bartholomeus Anglicus's "De Proprietatibus Rerum". "Virulent", from Latin "virulentus" (poisonous), dates to c. 1400. A meaning of "agent that causes infectious disease" is first recorded in 1728, long b

Virus [SEP] Etymology


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Question: what living features does it show?

Answer: They possess genes, evolve by natural selection, and reproduce by creating multiple copies of themselves through self-assembly.

Virus [SEP] Life properties

Scientific opinions differ on whether viruses are a form of life or organic structures that interact with living organisms. They have been described as "organisms at the edge of life", since they resemble organisms in that they possess genes, evolve by natural selection, and reproduce by creating multiple copies of themselves through self-assembly. Although they have genes, they do not have a cellular structure, which is often seen as the basic unit of life. Viruses do not have their own metabolism and require a host cell to make new products. They therefore cannot naturally reproduce outside a host cell—although bacterial species such as rickettsia and chlamydia are considered living organisms despite the same limitation.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Context: what living features does it show?

Context: They possess genes, evolve by natural selection, and reproduce by creating multiple copies of themselves through self-assembly.

Question: how is it classified?

Answer: By phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

Virus [SEP] Classification

Classification seeks to describe the diversity of viruses by naming and grouping them on the basis of similarities. In 1962, André Lwoff, Robert Horne, and Paul Tournier were the first to develop a means of virus classification, based on the Linnaean hierarchical system. This system based classification on phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Viruses were grouped according to their shared properties (not those of their hosts) and the type of nucleic acid forming their genomes. In 1966, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) was formed. The system proposed by Lwoff, Horne and Tournier was initially not accepted by the ICTV because the small genome size of viruses and their high rate of mutation made it difficult to determine their ancestry beyond order.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Context: what living features does it show?

Context: how is it classified?

Context: By phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

Question: has it been weaponized?

Answer: Yes.

Virus [SEP] Weapons

The ability of viruses to cause devastating epidemics in human societies has led to the concern that viruses could be weaponised for biological warfare. Further concern was raised by the successful recreation of the infamous 1918 influenza virus in a laboratory. Smallpox virus devastated numerous societies throughout history before its eradication. There are only two centres in the world authorised by the WHO to keep stocks of smallpox virus: the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR in Russia and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States. It may be used as a weapon, as the vaccine for smallpox sometimes had severe side-effects, it is no longer used routinely in any country.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Context: what living features does it show?

Context: how is it classified?

Context: has it been weaponized?

Context: Yes.

Question: is it used in any therapy?

Answer: Yes, Virotherapy.

Virus [SEP] Virotherapy

Virotherapy involves the use of genetically modified viruses to treat diseases. Viruses have been modified by scientists to reproduce in cancer cells and destroy them but not infect healthy cells. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), for example, is a modified herpes simplex virus that has had a gene, which is required for viruses to replicate in healthy cells, deleted and replaced with a human gene (GM-CSF) that stimulates immunity. When this virus infects cancer cells, it destroys them and in doing so the presence the GM-CSF gene attracts dendritic cells from the surrounding tissues of the body. The dendritic cells process the dead cancer cells and present components of them to other cells of the immune system.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Context: what living features does it show?

Context: how is it classified?

Context: has it been weaponized?

Context: Yes.

Context: is it used in any therapy?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy.

Question: what is it?

Answer: It involves the use of genetically modified viruses to treat diseases.

Virus [SEP] Virotherapy


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Context: what living features does it show?

Context: how is it classified?

Context: has it been weaponized?

Context: Yes.

Context: is it used in any therapy?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy.

Context: what is it?

Context: It involves the use of genetically modified viruses to treat diseases.

Question: name any disease that it causes.

Answer: The common cold, influenza, chickenpox, and cold sores.

Virus [SEP] Role in human disease

Examples of common human diseases caused by viruses include the common cold, influenza, chickenpox, and cold sores. Many serious diseases such as rabies, Ebola virus disease, AIDS (HIV), avian influenza, and SARS are caused by viruses. The relative ability of viruses to cause disease is described in terms of virulence. Other diseases are under investigation to discover if they have a virus as the causative agent, such as the possible connection between human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) and neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis and chronic fatigue syndrome. There is controversy over whether the bornavirus, previously thought to cause neurological diseases in horses, could be responsible for psychiatric illnesses in humans.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Context: what living features does it show?

Context: how is it classified?

Context: has it been weaponized?

Context: Yes.

Context: is it used in any therapy?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy.

Context: what is it?

Context: name any disease that it causes.

Context: The common cold, influenza, chickenpox, and cold sores.

Question: what are the signs of the first?

Answer: Cough, runny nose, sneezing, nasal congestion, and a sore throat.

Common cold [SEP] Signs and symptoms

The typical symptoms of a cold include cough, runny nose, sneezing, nasal congestion, and a sore throat, sometimes accompanied by muscle ache, fatigue, headache, and loss of appetite. A sore throat is present in about 40% of cases and a cough in about 50%, while muscle ache occurs in about half. In adults, a fever is generally not present but it is common in infants and young children. The cough is usually mild compared to that accompanying influenza. While a cough and a fever indicate a higher likelihood of influenza in adults, a great deal of similarity exists between these two conditions.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Context: what living features does it show?

Context: how is it classified?

Context: has it been weaponized?

Context: Yes.

Context: is it used in any therapy?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy.

Context: what is it?

Context: name any disease that it causes.

Context: what are the signs of the first?

Context: Cough, runny nose, sneezing, nasal congestion, and a sore throat.

Question: how is it tansmitted?

Answer: Via airborne droplets (aerosols), direct contact with infected nasal secretions, or fomites (contaminated objects).

Common cold [SEP] Transmission

The common cold virus is typically transmitted via airborne droplets (aerosols), direct contact with infected nasal secretions, or fomites (contaminated objects). Which of these routes is of primary importance has not been determined. The viruses may survive for prolonged periods in the environment (over 18 hours for rhinoviruses) and can be picked up by people's hands and subsequently carried to their eyes or nose where infection occurs. Transmission from animals is considered highly unlikely; an outbreak documented at a British scientific base on Adelaide Island after seventeen weeks of isolation was thought to have been caused by transmission from a contaminated object or an asymptomatic human carrier, rather than from the husky dogs which were also present at the base.


Context: Yes, that is correct.

Context: Deoxyribonucleic acid.

Context: what is it?

Context: from where does it get its name?

Context: Latin.

Context: by whom was it discovered?

Context: Bartholomeus Anglicus.

Context: what living features does it show?

Context: how is it classified?

Context: has it been weaponized?

Context: Yes.

Context: is it used in any therapy?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy.

Context: what is it?

Context: name any disease that it causes.

Context: what are the signs of the first?

Context: how is it tansmitted?

Context: Via airborne droplets (aerosols), direct contact with infected nasal secretions, or fomites (contaminated objects).

Question: how can it be prevented?

Answer: Handwashing technique and face masks.

Common cold [SEP] Prevention

The only useful ways to reduce the spread of cold viruses are physical measures such as using correct handwashing technique and face masks; in the healthcare environment, gowns and disposable gloves are also used. Isolation or quarantine is not used as the disease is so widespread and symptoms are non-specific. There is no vaccine to protect against the common cold. Vaccination has proven difficult as there are many viruses involved and they mutate rapidly. Creation of a broadly effective vaccine is, therefore, highly improbable. Regular hand washing appears to be effective in reducing the transmission of cold viruses, especially among children.


Question: when did arthur sullivan start his military service?

Answer: April 1918

Arthur Sullivan (Australian soldier) [SEP] Introduction

Arthur Percy Sullivan VC (27 November 1896 – 9 April 1937) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to a member of the British Armed Forces. Born in South Australia, Sullivan worked for the National Bank of Australasia prior to enlisting in the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) in April 1918 for service in World War I. He had arrived in the United Kingdom, but had not completed training when the Armistice came into effect on 11 November of that year. Sullivan was promoted to corporal in March 1919, but wanting to see active service he sought and received his discharge from the AIF on 28 May.


Context: when did arthur sullivan start his military service?

Context: April 1918

Question: was he a part of any coronation?

Answer: Yes, the coronation of King George VI

Demobilised from the British Army after completing his service, Sullivan returned to Australia and resumed his civilian career as a banker. He was in London for the coronation of King George VI as part of the Australian Coronation Contingent in 1937, when he died of head injuries received in a fall. His medal set is displayed in the Hall of Valour at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra.