Context: 1 April 1084

Context: who was his father?

Context: Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which country did he reign over?

Context: Germany, Italy, Burgundy

Context: Yes, with Bohemia and Hungary

Context: who was this king married to?

Context: Agnes of Poitou

Context: did she act as regent for any monarch?

Context: who was the first to hold this title after their name?

Context: Saxon king Otto I

Question: among the countries that he reigned over, where is the third country located?

Answer: A historical territory and a former administrative region of east-central France.

Burgundy [SEP] Introduction

Burgundy (; ) is a historical territory and a former administrative region of east-central France. It takes its name from the Burgundians, an East Germanic people who moved westwards beyond the Rhine during the late Roman period. Historically, the name "Burgundy" has denoted numerous political entities, including kingdoms and duchies spanning territory from the Mediterranean to the Low Countries. Geographically speaking, since the inception of the French departmental system in 1790, the name refers to the geographic area comprising the four departments of Côte-d'Or, Saône-et-Loire, Yonne, and Nièvre. In 2016 Burgundy and Franche-Comté were merged for administrative purposes into the new region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.


Context: when did henry iv, holy roman emperor ascend to the throne?

Context: 1 April 1084

Context: who was his father?

Context: Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor

Context: was there any controversy during his crowning?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which country did he reign over?

Context: Germany, Italy, Burgundy

Context: was his father in a conflict with any country?

Context: Yes, with Bohemia and Hungary

Context: who was this king married to?

Context: Agnes of Poitou

Context: did she act as regent for any monarch?

Context: Yes,  Agnes served as regent on behalf of her young son, Henry IV

Context: where does the title given to the roman emperor come from?

Context: The title and connection between Emperor and Church continued in the Eastern Roman Empire throughout the medieval period

Context: Saxon king Otto I

Context: among the countries that he reigned over, where is the third country located?

Context: A historical territory and a former administrative region of east-central France.

Question: what sort of weather does this place experience?

Answer: Oceanic, with a continental influence

Explanation: The climate of this region is essentially oceanic (Cfb in Köppen classification), with a continental influence (sometimes called a "half-continental climate").

Burgundy [SEP] Climate


Context: 1 April 1084

Context: who was his father?

Context: Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which country did he reign over?

Context: Germany, Italy, Burgundy

Context: Yes, with Bohemia and Hungary

Context: who was this king married to?

Context: Agnes of Poitou

Context: did she act as regent for any monarch?

Context: Saxon king Otto I

Context: what sort of weather does this place experience?

Context: Oceanic, with a continental influence

Question: does its culture have any significant contributions?

Answer: Yes, Burgundy is one of France's main wine-producing areas and the region is famous for Dijon mustard, Charolais beef, Bresse chicken

Burgundy [SEP] Culture

Burgundy is one of France's main wine-producing areas. It is well known for both its red and white wines, mostly made from Pinot noir and Chardonnay grapes, respectively, although other grape varieties can be found, including Gamay, Aligote, Pinot blanc, and Sauvignon blanc. The region is divided into the Côte-d'Or, where the most expensive and prized Burgundies are found, and Beaujolais, Chablis, the Côte Chalonnaise and Mâcon. The reputation and quality of the top wines, together with the fact that they are often produced in small quantities, has led to high demand and high prices, with some Burgundies ranking among the most expensive wines in the world.


Question: when does veronica find out who killed lilly

Answer: At the twenty-second and final episode of the first season

Leave It to Beaver (Veronica Mars) [SEP] Introduction

"Leave It to Beaver" is the twenty-second and final episode of the first season of the American television series "Veronica Mars". Series creator Rob Thomas wrote the story, and collaborated with Diane Ruggiero to write the teleplay. The season finale was directed by Michael Fields, and was first aired on May 10, 2005 in the United States on UPN. The finale concludes the storyline of Lilly Kane's murder, as Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) finally discovers the identity of the murderer after investigating the mystery with her father Keith Mars (Enrico Colantoni) throughout the season. Thomas said that the finale was more ambitious than the average episode, requiring a larger budget and more filming than usual.


Context: when does veronica find out who killed lilly

Context: At the twenty-second and final episode of the first season

Question: who played these characters?

Answer: Kristen Bell and Enrico Colantoni to name a few

Explanation: he finale concludes the storyline of Lilly Kane's murder, as Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) finally discovers the identity of the murderer after investigating the mystery with her father Keith Mars (Enrico Colantoni) throughout the season. Thomas said that the finale was more ambitious than the ave


Context: who played these characters?

Context: Kristen Bell and Enrico Colantoni to name a few

Question: what is the storyline of this series?

Answer: It revolves around Veronica Mars as a student who progresses from high school to college while moonlighting as a private investigator under the tutelage of her detective father

Veronica Mars [SEP] Introduction

The character Veronica Mars is a student who progresses from high school to college while moonlighting as a private investigator under the tutelage of her detective father. In each episode, Veronica solves a different stand-alone case while working to solve a more complex mystery. The first two seasons of the series each had a season-long mystery arc, introduced in the first episode of the season and solved in the season finale. The third season took a different format, focusing on smaller mystery arcs that would last the course of several episodes. Thomas initially wrote "Veronica Mars" as a young adult novel, which featured a male protagonist; he changed this because he thought a noir piece told from a female point of view would be more interesting and original.


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: It revolves around Veronica Mars as a student who progresses from high school to college while moonlighting as a private investigator under the tutelage of her detective father

Question: where is the first mentioned actor from?

Answer: American actress, singer, and producer

Kristen Bell [SEP] Introduction

Kristen Anne Bell (born July 18, 1980) is an American actress, singer, and producer. She began her professional acting career by starring in stage productions while attending the Tisch School of the Arts at New York University. In 2001, she made her Broadway stage debut as Becky Thatcher in the comedy musical "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" and appeared in a Broadway revival of "The Crucible" the following year. In 2004, she appeared in the action thriller film "Spartan" and received critical praise for her performance in the television drama film "Gracie's Choice". Bell garnered critical acclaim for her first major role as the title character in the teen noir drama television series "Veronica Mars" (2004–2007).


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: where is the first mentioned actor from?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Question: is she married?

Answer: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Explanation: late 2007, Bell began dating actor Dax Shepard, who is also from Metro Detroit. The couple announced their engagement in January 2010. They decided to delay marriage until the state of California passed legislation legalizing same-sex marriage. They co-starred in the 2010 film "When in Rome", the 2012 film "Hit and Run", and the 2017 film "CHiPs". After

Kristen Bell [SEP] Relationships and family

In 2007, Bell ended a five-year relationship with former fiancé Kevin Mann. She later told "Complex" magazine that dating "makes me want to vomit. And not out of grossness—OK, a little bit out of grossness, but just nerves... I've always been a serial monogamist." In late 2007, Bell began dating actor Dax Shepard, who is also from Metro Detroit. The couple announced their engagement in January 2010. They decided to delay marriage until the state of California passed legislation legalizing same-sex marriage. They co-starred in the 2010 film "When in Rome", the 2012 film "Hit and Run", and the 2017 film "CHiPs".


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Question: does she have any business venture?

Answer: She and her husband founded the company Hello Bello, a plant-based baby care product line

Kristen Bell [SEP] Entrepreneurship

In 2019, Bell and her husband founded the company Hello Bello, a plant-based baby care product line. The product line focuses on creating environmentally friendly and affordable products. The company partnered exclusively with Walmart and the line is sold in all locations, as well as online.


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: She and her husband founded the company Hello Bello, a plant-based baby care product line

Question: what was the response received by the audience on the above mentioned series?

Answer: Although not a ratings success, the series was a critical success from its first season

Veronica Mars [SEP] Critical reception

Although not a ratings success, the series was a critical success from its first season. Robert Abele of "LA Weekly" said "in this smart, engaging series about a former popular girl turned crime-solving high school outcast, the hard-boiled dialogue comes from its teen protagonist's mouth in a way that stabs any potential cutesiness in the heart with an ice pick." In her review, Paige Wiser of the "Chicago Sun Times" said that "on "Veronica Mars", wholesome is out; gritty reality is in. The show never soft-pedals the timeless, fundamental truth that high school is hell." Joyce Millman of "The Phoenix" felt that the series was "a character study masquerading as a high-school drama".


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: what was the response received by the audience on the above mentioned series?

Context: Although not a ratings success, the series was a critical success from its first season

Question: what about thr second above mentioned actor, where is this person from?

Answer: Toronto, Ontario,

Enrico Colantoni [SEP] Early life

Colantoni was born in Toronto, Ontario, the son of Gina, a garment worker, and Quintino Colantoni, a labourer and truck driver. Both his parents were immigrants from Italy, and his brother, Det. Sgt. Hector Colantoni, is a retired police officer with the Toronto Police Service. He attended the University of Toronto studying psychology and sociology, but transferred to the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City. Colantoni graduated from the Yale School of Drama, winning the Carol Dye Award.


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: what about thr second above mentioned actor, where is this person from?

Context: Toronto, Ontario,

Question: what is the person's date of birth?

Answer: February 14, 1963

Enrico Colantoni [SEP] Introduction

Enrico Colantoni (born February 14, 1963) is a Canadian actor and director, best known for portraying Elliot DiMauro in the sitcom "Just Shoot Me!", Keith Mars on the television series "Veronica Mars", Louis Lutz on the short-lived sitcom "Hope & Gloria", crime lord Carl Elias on "Person of Interest", and Sergeant Greg Parker on the television series "Flashpoint". He has also had supporting roles in such films as "The Wrong Guy", "Galaxy Quest", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence", "Contagion", and "A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood", and guest appearances on "Monk", "Numb3rs", "Party Down", "Stargate SG-1", and "Bones". More recently, he starred as Allen Conner in "Remedy".


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: Toronto, Ontario,

Context: what is the person's date of birth?

Context: February 14, 1963

Question: can you mention a few of his work in the entertainment industry?

Answer: Just Shoot Me and Hope & Gloria

Explanation: rico Colantoni (born February 14, 1963) is a Canadian actor and director, best known for portraying Elliot DiMauro in the sitcom "Just Shoot Me!", Keith Mars on the television series "Veronica Mars", Louis Lutz on the short-lived sitcom "Hope & Gloria", crime lord Carl Elias on "Person of Interest", and Sergeant Greg Parker on the television series "Flashpoint". He has also had supporting roles in such films as "The Wrong Guy", "Galaxy Quest", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence", "Contagion", and "A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood", and guest appearances on "Monk", "Numb3rs", "Party Down", "Stargate SG-1", and "Bones". More recently, he starred as Allen Conner in "Remedy". He played Laura Hollis's father in season three of the online web series "Carmilla". He most recently appeared as Whitman, a pharmaceuticals rep in HBO's Westworld revival. Colantoni directed two episodes of the TV series "iZombie".

Enrico Colantoni [SEP] Introduction


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: Toronto, Ontario,

Context: what is the person's date of birth?

Context: February 14, 1963

Context: can you mention a few of his work in the entertainment industry?

Context: Just Shoot Me and Hope & Gloria

Question: who were the his co-stars in the first series, you just mentioned?

Answer: Laura San Giacomo and  David Spade to name some

Explanation: The character of Maya Gallo is portrayed by Laura San Giacomo. Maya is largely portrayed as a hot-tempered, sassy journalist who takes a job at the fictional glamour fashion magazine "Blush", which happens to be owned by her father Jack Gallo, in the pilot after she is fired for tampering with an anchorwoman's teleprompter and making her cry on the air. She is a dichotomy on several levels, with her headstrong smarts coupled against a naïveté about life and sometimes even love. Though she is also clearly attractive and will on occasion use this if a situation calls for it, Maya frowns upon men looking at women solely as objects of sexual desire, and in keeping with her feminist views, instead encourages people to admire women for their intelligence or other attributes. Unfortunately for her, this is not a popular view f

Just Shoot Me! [SEP] Maya Gallo


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: Toronto, Ontario,

Context: what is the person's date of birth?

Context: February 14, 1963

Context: Just Shoot Me and Hope & Gloria

Context: who were the his co-stars in the first series, you just mentioned?

Context: Laura San Giacomo and  David Spade to name some

Question: was it streamed online?

Answer: In 2020, the entire show became available to stream on Hulu.

Explanation: In 2020, the entire show became available to stream on Hulu.

Just Shoot Me! [SEP] Streaming


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: Toronto, Ontario,

Context: what is the person's date of birth?

Context: February 14, 1963

Context: Just Shoot Me and Hope & Gloria

Context: was it streamed online?

Context: In 2020, the entire show became available to stream on Hulu.

Question: and which home channel was it available on?

Answer: NBC

Just Shoot Me! [SEP] Series history

Early on, the series was a very competitive hit, consistently winning its time slot. The first season of six episodes were all aired by NBC in a single month in March 1997. It was renewed for a 13-episode second season, fitted at 9:30 p.m. after "Frasier", and then was moved in the spring to Thursdays between "Friends" and "Seinfeld". After just two of these airings, the order was bumped up to a full season. When "Seinfeld" left the airwaves in 1998, "Just Shoot Me!" was one of the contenders to take the coveted 9:00 p.m. Thursday slot. "Frasier" instead won the slot, and "Just Shoot Me!" was instead given "Frasier"s 9:00 p.m.


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: Toronto, Ontario,

Context: what is the person's date of birth?

Context: February 14, 1963

Context: Just Shoot Me and Hope & Gloria

Context: was it streamed online?

Context: and which home channel was it available on?

Context: NBC

Question: what health issues does kirsten face?

Answer: She faced depression and anxiety

Kristen Bell [SEP] Mental health

In May 2016, Bell stated that she has struggled with and received treatment for depression and anxiety. She said, "It's important for me to be candid about this so people in a similar situation can realize that they are not worthless and that they do have something to offer."


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: Toronto, Ontario,

Context: what is the person's date of birth?

Context: February 14, 1963

Context: Just Shoot Me and Hope & Gloria

Context: was it streamed online?

Context: NBC

Context: what health issues does kirsten face?

Context: She faced depression and anxiety

Question: how would you describe this second illness, you just mentioned?

Answer: It is  an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behavior such as pacing back and forth, somatic complaints, and rumination. It includes subjectively unpleasant feeling

Anxiety [SEP] Introduction

Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behavior such as pacing back and forth, somatic complaints, and rumination. It includes subjectively unpleasant feelings of dread over anticipated events. Anxiety is a feeling of uneasiness and worry, usually generalized and unfocused as an overreaction to a situation that is only subjectively seen as menacing. It is often accompanied by muscular tension, restlessness, fatigue and problems in concentration. Anxiety is closely related to fear, which is a response to a real or perceived immediate threat; anxiety involves the expectation of future threat. People facing anxiety may withdraw from situations which have provoked anxiety in the past.


Context: who played these characters?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: American actress, singer, and producer

Context: is she married?

Context: Yes to Dax Shepard,

Context: does she have any business venture?

Context: Toronto, Ontario,

Context: what is the person's date of birth?

Context: February 14, 1963

Context: Just Shoot Me and Hope & Gloria

Context: was it streamed online?

Context: NBC

Context: what health issues does kirsten face?

Context: She faced depression and anxiety

Context: how would you describe this second illness, you just mentioned?

Context: It is  an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behavior such as pacing back and forth, somatic complaints, and rumination. It includes subjectively unpleasant feeling

Question: can it be cured?

Answer: Yes The first step in the management of a person with anxiety symptoms involves evaluating the possible presence of an underlying medical cause, whose recognition is essential in order to decide the correct treatment. Anxiety symptoms may mask an organic disease, or appear associated with or as a result of a medical disorder.

Anxiety [SEP] Treatment

The first step in the management of a person with anxiety symptoms involves evaluating the possible presence of an underlying medical cause, whose recognition is essential in order to decide the correct treatment. Anxiety symptoms may mask an organic disease, or appear associated with or as a result of a medical disorder. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective for anxiety disorders and is a first line treatment. CBT appears to be equally effective when carried out via the internet. While evidence for mental health apps is promising, it is preliminary. Psychopharmacological treatment can be used in parallel to CBT or can be used alone.


Question: where does the names of the hurricanes come from

Answer: In recent times, tropical disturbances that reach tropical storm intensity are named from a predetermined list.

Atlantic hurricane [SEP] Introduction

Most North Atlantic tropical storms and hurricanes form between June 1 and November 30. The United States National Hurricane Center monitors the basin and issues reports, watches, and warnings about tropical weather systems for the North Atlantic Basin as one of the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers for tropical cyclones, as defined by the World Meteorological Organization. In recent times, tropical disturbances that reach tropical storm intensity are named from a predetermined list. Hurricanes that result in significant damage or casualties may have their names retired from the list at the request of the affected nations in order to prevent confusion should a subsequent storm be given the same name.


Context: where does the names of the hurricanes come from

Context: In recent times, tropical disturbances that reach tropical storm intensity are named from a predetermined list.

Question: what is atlantic hurricane?

Answer: It is a tropical cyclone that forms in the Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic hurricane [SEP] Introduction

An Atlantic hurricane or tropical storm is a tropical cyclone that forms in the Atlantic Ocean, usually between the months of June and November. A hurricane differs from a cyclone or typhoon only on the basis of location. A hurricane is a storm that occurs in the Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Pacific Ocean, a typhoon occurs in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, and a cyclone occurs in the south Pacific or Indian Ocean. Tropical cyclones can be categorized by intensity. "Tropical storms" have one-minute maximum sustained winds of at least 39 mph (34 knots, 17 m/s, 63 km/h), while "hurricanes" have one-minute maximum sustained winds exceeding 74 mph (64 knots, 33 m/s, 119 km/h).


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: It is a tropical cyclone that forms in the Atlantic Ocean

Question: describe in few words about tropical cyclones?

Answer: They are categorized by intensity, have one-minute maximum sustained winds of at least 39 mph and form between June 1 and November 30.

Explanation: Tropical cyclones can be categorized by intensity. "Tropical storms" have one-minute maximum sustained winds of at least 39 mph (34 knots, 17 m/s, 63 km/h), while "hurricanes" have one-minute maximum sustained winds exceeding 74 mph (64 knots, 33 m/s, 119 km/h). Most North Atlantic tropical storms and hurricanes form between June 1 and November 30. The United States National Hurricane Center monitors the basin and issues reports, watches, and warnings about tropical weather systems for the North Atlantic Basin as one of the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers for tropical cyclones, as defined by the World Meteorological Organization.

Atlantic hurricane [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: describe in few words about tropical cyclones?

Context: They are categorized by intensity, have one-minute maximum sustained winds of at least 39 mph and form between June 1 and November 30.

Question: what are the sizes of it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Atlantic hurricane [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how are they named?

Answer: In recent times, tropical disturbances that reach tropical storm intensity are named from a predetermined list.

Explanation: In recent times, tropical disturbances that reach tropical storm intensity are named from a predetermined list.

Atlantic hurricane [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Question: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Answer: Hurricane Audrey,  Tropical Storm Ana and Hurricane Emily.

Explanation: these systems developed in the deep tropics east of the Lesser Antilles. Since 1870, three major hurricanes have formed during June, most notably Hurricane Audrey in 1957. Audrey attained an intensity greater than that of any Atlantic tropical cyclone during June or July until Hurricanes Dennis and Emily of 2005. The easternmost forming storm durin

Atlantic hurricane [SEP] June

The beginning of the hurricane season is most closely related to the timing of increases in sea surface temperatures, convective instability, and other thermodynamic factors. Although June marks the beginning of the hurricane season, generally little activity occurs during the month with an average of 1 tropical cyclone every 2 years. Tropical systems usually form in the Gulf of Mexico or off the east coast of the United States. Since 1851, a total of 81 tropical storms and hurricanes formed in the month of June. During this period, two of these systems developed in the deep tropics east of the Lesser Antilles.


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: Hurricane Audrey,  Tropical Storm Ana and Hurricane Emily.

Question: how are they represented in pop culture?

Answer: The media often portray tropical cyclones that are either entirely fictional or based on real events.

Tropical cyclone [SEP] Popular culture

In popular culture, tropical cyclones have made several appearances in different types of media, including films, books, television, music, and electronic games. These media often portray tropical cyclones that are either entirely fictional or based on real events. For example, George Rippey Stewart's "Storm", a best-seller published in 1941, is thought to have influenced meteorologists on their decision to assign female names to Pacific tropical cyclones. Another example is the hurricane in "The Perfect Storm", which describes the sinking of the "Andrea Gail" by the 1991 Perfect Storm. Hurricanes have been featured in parts of the plots of series such as "The Simpsons", "Invasion", "Family Guy", "Seinfeld", "Dawson's Creek", "Burn Notice" and "".


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: how are they represented in pop culture?

Context: The media often portray tropical cyclones that are either entirely fictional or based on real events.

Question: when did the above mentioned first hurricane hit?

Answer: 1957.

Explanation: urricane Audrey was one of the deadliest tropical cyclones in U.S. history, killing at least 416 people in its devastation of the southwestern Louisiana coast in 1957. Along with Hurricane Alex in 20

Hurricane Audrey [SEP] Introduction

The storm was also considered the worst storm to strike Quebec in at least 20 years. In the United States, Audrey killed at least 416 people, the majority of whom were in Cameron Parish, Louisiana, though the final death total may never be known. Damage totaled $147 million in the country, at the time the fifth-costliest hurricane recorded in the US since 1900. The name "Audrey" was later retired from usage as an identifier for an Atlantic hurricane.


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: when did the above mentioned first hurricane hit?

Question: did anyone die in it?

Answer: Yes, 416 people.

Explanation: Hurricane Audrey was one of the deadliest tropical cyclones in U.S. history, killing at least 416 people in its devastation of the southwestern Louisiana coast in 1957. Along with

Hurricane Audrey [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: did anyone die in it?

Context: Yes, 416 people.

Question: where did it hit first?

Answer: New Orleans, Louisiana.

Explanation: forecast on June 17, underscoring a high likelihood for the development of one or two tropical storms in the forecast period. The first bulletin on Audrey was issued by the Weather Bureau office in New Orleans, Louisiana, at 04:30 UTC on June 25 (11:30 p.m. CST June 24), while Audrey was still a tropical depression in the Bay of Campeche. A hurricane watch was posted for the coasts of Texas and Louisiana the foll

Hurricane Audrey [SEP] Preparations

Although the Weather Bureau's advisories and warnings were technically accurate, they were found in "Bartie v. United States" to have lacked a sense of urgency or emergency. The warnings advised the evacuation of "low or exposed areas," but many inland residents at an elevation of did not consider themselves to be at a low elevation. In addition, newly elected city officials in Lake Charles, Louisiana, edited warnings and advisories disseminated by a local radio broadcast, tailoring the bulletins to local residents by trimming details deemed irrelevant and possibly resulting in a hesitance to evacuate until it was too late.


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: did anyone die in it?

Context: Yes, 416 people.

Context: where did it hit first?

Context: New Orleans, Louisiana.

Question: how much did it affect financially?

Answer: The cost of damage estimated between $150–200 million.

Hurricane Audrey [SEP] Impact

The Weather Bureau initially estimated that the death toll from Audrey was over 500, with the cost of damage estimated between $150–200 million. Other estimates indicated that the death toll amounted to 390, including 263 identified and 127 unidentified persons. An additional 192 people were reported as missing. The National Weather Service report on the most impactful tropical cyclones in the United States lists Audrey as having caused at least 416 fatalities, with an additional 15 killed in Canada. Audrey was the deadliest hurricane to strike the United States since the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane, which killed approximately 2,500, and comparable to all storms affecting the country in the previous decade combined.


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: did anyone die in it?

Context: Yes, 416 people.

Context: where did it hit first?

Context: New Orleans, Louisiana.

Context: how much did it affect financially?

Context: The cost of damage estimated between $150–200 million.

Question: where did the above mentioned latter place get its name?

Answer: It was named after Louis XIV, King of France.

Louisiana [SEP] Etymology

Louisiana was named after Louis XIV, King of France from 1643 to 1715. When René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle claimed the territory drained by the Mississippi River for France, he named it . The suffix ana (or ane) is a Latin suffix that can refer to "information relating to a particular individual, subject, or place". Thus, roughly, Louis + ana carries the idea of "related to Louis". Once part of the French Colonial Empire, the Louisiana Territory stretched from present-day Mobile Bay to just north of the present-day Canada–United States border, including a small part of what is now the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan.


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: did anyone die in it?

Context: Yes, 416 people.

Context: where did it hit first?

Context: New Orleans, Louisiana.

Context: how much did it affect financially?

Context: where did the above mentioned latter place get its name?

Context: It was named after Louis XIV, King of France.

Question: are there any cultures of african people over there?

Answer: Yes there were and they strongly influenced the culture of the city in terms of dance, music and religious practices.

Louisiana [SEP] African culture

This added another infusion of African culture to the city, as more slaves in Saint-Domingue were from Africa than in the United States. They strongly influenced the African-American culture of the city in terms of dance, music and religious practices.


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: did anyone die in it?

Context: Yes, 416 people.

Context: where did it hit first?

Context: New Orleans, Louisiana.

Context: how much did it affect financially?

Context: are there any cultures of african people over there?

Context: Yes there were and they strongly influenced the culture of the city in terms of dance, music and religious practices.

Question: describe in few words the geographical aspect of the place?

Answer: The state may properly be divided into two parts, the uplands of the north, and the alluvial along the coast, which includes low swamp lands, coastal marshlands and beaches, and barrier islands.

Louisiana [SEP] Geography

Louisiana is bordered to the west by Texas; to the north by Arkansas; to the east by Mississippi; and to the south by the Gulf of Mexico.The state may properly be divided into two parts, the uplands of the north, and the alluvial along the coast. The alluvial region includes low swamp lands, coastal marshlands and beaches, and barrier islands that cover about . This area lies principally along the Gulf of Mexico and the Mississippi River, which traverses the state from north to south for a distance of about and empties into the Gulf of Mexico; the Red River; the Ouachita River and its branches; and other minor streams (some of which are called bayous).


Context: what is atlantic hurricane?

Context: what are the sizes of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how are they named?

Context: name a few notable tropical cyclones?

Context: did anyone die in it?

Context: Yes, 416 people.

Context: where did it hit first?

Context: New Orleans, Louisiana.

Context: how much did it affect financially?

Context: describe in few words the geographical aspect of the place?

Context: The state may properly be divided into two parts, the uplands of the north, and the alluvial along the coast, which includes low swamp lands, coastal marshlands and beaches, and barrier islands.

Question: how does it get its energy?

Answer: Mostly from petroleum and natural gas.

Louisiana [SEP] Energy

Louisiana is rich in petroleum and natural gas. Petroleum and gas deposits are found in abundance both onshore and offshore in State-owned waters. In addition, vast petroleum and natural gas reserves are found offshore from Louisiana in the federally administered Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) in the Gulf of Mexico. According to the Energy Information Administration, the Gulf of Mexico OCS is the largest U.S. petroleum-producing region. Excluding the Gulf of Mexico OCS, Louisiana ranks fourth in petroleum production and is home to about two percent of the total U.S. petroleum reserves. Louisiana's natural gas reserves account for about five percent of the U.S.


Question: when did the first kentucky fried chicken open

Answer: 1952

Explanation: Sanders identified the potential of the restaurant franchising concept, and the first "Kentucky Fried Chicken" franchise opened in Utah in 1952.

KFC [SEP] Introduction

Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, it experienced mixed fortunes domestically, as it went through a series of changes in corporate ownership with little or no experience in the restaurant business. In the early-1970s, KFC was sold to the spirits distributor Heublein, which was taken over by the R.J. Reynolds food and tobacco conglomerate; that company sold the chain to PepsiCo. The chain continued to expand overseas, however, and in 1987, it became the first Western restaurant chain to open in China. It has since expanded rapidly in China, which is now the company's single largest market. PepsiCo spun off its restaurants division as Tricon Global Restaurants, which later changed its name to Yum! Brands.


Context: when did the first kentucky fried chicken open

Question: where?

Answer: Utah

KFC [SEP] Introduction

KFC (short for Kentucky Fried Chicken) is an American fast food restaurant chain headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, that specializes in fried chicken. It is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with 22,621 locations globally in 150 countries . The chain is a subsidiary of Yum! Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, and WingStreet chains. KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky, during the Great Depression. Sanders identified the potential of the restaurant franchising concept, and the first "Kentucky Fried Chicken" franchise opened in Utah in 1952.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Question: where is it headquartered?

Answer: Louisville, Kentucky,

Explanation: KFC (short for Kentucky Fried Chicken) is an American fast food restaurant chain headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky,

KFC [SEP] Introduction


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Question: who is the founder?

Answer: Colonel Harland Sanders

Explanation: KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky,

KFC [SEP] Introduction


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Question: how did he began his career?

Answer: He was an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky.

KFC [SEP] Introduction


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: He was an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky.

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Henryville, Indiana

Colonel Sanders [SEP] 1890–1906: Early life

Harland David Sanders was born on September 9, 1890, in a four-room house located east of Henryville, Indiana. He was the oldest of three children born to Wilbur David and Margaret Ann (née Dunlevy) Sanders. His mother was of Irish and Dutch descent. The family attended the Advent Christian Church. His father was a mild and affectionate man who worked his 80-acre farm, until he broke his leg after a fall. He then worked as a butcher in Henryville for two years. Sanders' mother was a devout Christian and strict parent, continuously warning her children of "the evils of alcohol, tobacco, gambling, and whistling on Sundays." Sanders' father died in 1895.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Question: was he into charity?

Answer: Yes, he created the Colonel Harland Sanders Charitable Organization, a registered Canadian charity.

Colonel Sanders [SEP] Charitable giving

Before his death Sanders used his stock holdings to create the Colonel Harland Sanders Charitable Organization, a registered Canadian charity. The wing of Mississauga Hospital for women's and children's care is named The Colonel Harland Sanders Family Care Centre in honor of his substantial donation. Sanders' foundation has also made sizeable donations to other Canadian children's hospitals including the McMaster Children's Hospital, IWK Health Centre, and Stollery Children's Hospital. The Toronto-based foundation disbursed $500,000 to other Canadian charities in 2016, according to its tax return filed with the Canada Revenue Agency.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: Yes, he created the Colonel Harland Sanders Charitable Organization, a registered Canadian charity.

Question: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Colonel Sanders [SEP] Charitable giving


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: were there any art or literary work that mentions of him?

Answer: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Colonel Sanders [SEP] Beyond KFC

The writer of the comics, Tony Bedard, said "It's been an honor, a privilege, and just plain fun working on the last two KFC comics. I'm super-excited the story is a trilogy now, with the Colonel planet-hopping across the DC Universe. As a former "Green Lantern" writer, it's great to revisit Hal Jordan and the Green Lantern Corps." In the novel "Kafka on the Shore" by Haruki Murakami, Colonel Sanders appears when an "abstract concept" takes on the appearance of "a famous capitalist icon."


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: were there any art or literary work that mentions of him?

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Question: who wrote it?

Answer: Haruki Murakami.

Colonel Sanders [SEP] Beyond KFC


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Haruki Murakami.

Question: what is her writing style?

Answer: His works use first-person narrative in the tradition of the Japanese I Novel.

Haruki Murakami [SEP] Writing style

Most of Haruki Murakami's works use first-person narrative in the tradition of the Japanese I Novel. He states that because family plays a significant role in traditional Japanese literature, any main character who is independent becomes a man who values freedom and solitude over intimacy. Also notable is Murakami's unique humor, as seen in his 2000 short story collection, "After the Quake". In the story "Superfrog Saves Tokyo", the protagonist is confronted with a 6-foot tall frog that talks about the destruction of Tokyo over a cup of tea. In spite of the story's sober tone, Murakami feels the reader should be entertained once the seriousness of a subject has been broached.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Haruki Murakami.

Context: what is her writing style?

Context: His works use first-person narrative in the tradition of the Japanese I Novel.

Question: can you name some works that gave him a recognition?

Answer: "A Wild Sheep Chase", "Norwegian Wood" and "The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle".

Haruki Murakami [SEP] Introduction

Murakami's most notable works include "A Wild Sheep Chase" (1982), "Norwegian Wood" (1987), "The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle" (1994–95), "Kafka on the Shore" (2002), and "1Q84" (2009–10). He has also translated works by writers like Raymond Carver and J. D. Salinger into Japanese. His fiction, sometimes criticised by Japan's literary establishment as un-Japanese, was influenced by Western writers from Chandler to Vonnegut by way of Brautigan. It is frequently surrealistic and melancholic or fatalistic, marked by a Kafkaesque rendition of the "recurrent themes of alienation and loneliness" he weaves into his narratives. Steven Poole of "The Guardian" praised Murakami as "among the world's greatest living novelists" for his works and achievements.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Haruki Murakami.

Context: what is her writing style?

Context: can you name some works that gave him a recognition?

Context: "A Wild Sheep Chase", "Norwegian Wood" and "The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle".

Question: when was the first one published?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Haruki Murakami [SEP] Introduction


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Haruki Murakami.

Context: what is her writing style?

Context: when was the first one published?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what does his writing style deal with?

Answer: It is a mode of storytelling or a peripheral narrator in which a storyteller recounts events from their own point of view using the first person.

First-person narrative [SEP] Introduction

A first-person narrative is a mode of storytelling or a peripheral narrator in which a storyteller recounts events from their own point of view using the first person It may be narrated by a first person protagonist (or other focal character), first person re-teller, first person witness, or first person peripheral. A classic example of a first person protagonist narrator is Charlotte Brontë's "Jane Eyre" (1847), in which the title character is also the narrator telling her own story, "I could not unlove him now, merely because I found that he had ceased to notice me". This device allows the audience to see the narrator's mind's eye view of the fictional universe, but it is limited to the narrator's experiences and awareness of the true state of affairs.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Haruki Murakami.

Context: what is her writing style?

Context: when was the first one published?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does his writing style deal with?

Context: It is a mode of storytelling or a peripheral narrator in which a storyteller recounts events from their own point of view using the first person.

Question: were there any films in the mentioned genre?

Answer: An example of first person narration in film would be the narration given by the character Greg Heffley.

First-person narrative [SEP] Film

First person narration is more difficult to achieve in film; however, voice-over narration can create the same structure. An example of first person narration in film would be the narration given by the character Greg Heffley in the popular film adaptation of the equally popular book series Diary of a Wimpy Kid.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Haruki Murakami.

Context: what is her writing style?

Context: when was the first one published?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does his writing style deal with?

Context: were there any films in the mentioned genre?

Context: An example of first person narration in film would be the narration given by the character Greg Heffley.

Question: how is he related to films?

Answer: His first novel, "Hear the Wind Sing" was adapted by Japanese director Kazuki Ōmori.

Haruki Murakami [SEP] Films and other adaptations

Murakami's first novel, "Hear the Wind Sing" ("Kaze no uta o kike"), was adapted by Japanese director Kazuki Ōmori. The film was released in 1981 and distributed by Art Theatre Guild. Naoto Yamakawa directed two short films, "Attack on the Bakery" (released in 1982) and "A Girl, She is 100 Percent" (released in 1983), based on Murakami's short stories "Bakery Attack" and "On Seeing the 100% Perfect Girl One Beautiful April Morning", respectively. Japanese director Jun Ichikawa adapted Murakami's short story "Tony Takitani" into a 75-minute feature. The film played at various film festivals and was released in New York and Los Angeles on July 29, 2005.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Haruki Murakami.

Context: what is her writing style?

Context: when was the first one published?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does his writing style deal with?

Context: how is he related to films?

Context: His first novel, "Hear the Wind Sing" was adapted by Japanese director Kazuki Ōmori.

Question: what is the theme of the film?

Answer: The story covers the craft of writing, the Japanese student movement, and, like later Murakami novels, relationships and loss.

Hear the Wind Sing [SEP] Themes

The story contains forty small chapters amounting to 130 pages. The story covers the craft of writing, the Japanese student movement, and, like later Murakami novels, relationships and loss. Like later novels, cooking, eating and drinking, and listening to western music are regularly described. The narrator's close friend 'the Rat', around whom the trilogy of the Rat evolves, is a student and bar patron who expresses a general alienation towards society. The narrator describes the (fictional) American writer Derek Hartfield as a primary influence, citing his pulp science fiction works, and quoting him at several points.


Context: where?

Context: Utah

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: Louisville, Kentucky,

Context: who is the founder?

Context: Colonel Harland Sanders

Context: how did he began his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Henryville, Indiana

Context: was he into charity?

Context: did he gain the fame of a celebrity?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Yes, in the novel "Kafka on the Shore".

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Haruki Murakami.

Context: what is her writing style?

Context: when was the first one published?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what does his writing style deal with?

Context: how is he related to films?

Context: what is the theme of the film?

Context: The story covers the craft of writing, the Japanese student movement, and, like later Murakami novels, relationships and loss.

Question: when was it released?

Answer: 1981

Explanation: Murakami's first novel, "Hear the Wind Sing" ("Kaze no uta o kike"), was adapted by Japanese director Kazuki Ōmori. The film was released in 1981 and distributed by Art Theatre Guild.


Question: what is ho ho ho (album)?

Answer: A Christmas album.

Ho Ho Ho (album) [SEP] Introduction

Ho Ho Ho, also known as VH-1 Presents RuPaul: Ho Ho Ho, is a 1997 Christmas album and the third studio album by American singer and drag queen RuPaul. Released on October 28, 1997 by the record label Rhino, it is RuPaul's first album featuring Christmas music and serves as a follow-up to his 1996 album "Foxy Lady". RuPaul co-produced the album with Fenton Bailey and Randy Barbato from the production company World of Wonder. "Ho Ho Ho" consists of thirteen tracks, including ten covers of Christmas standards and carols, and three original songs written by Joe Carrano and RuPaul.


Context:
what is ho ho ho (album)?
A Christmas album.

Question: who created it?

Answer: Singer and drag queen RuPaul.

Explanation: American singer and drag queen RuPau

Ho Ho Ho (album) [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is ho ho ho (album)?
A Christmas album.
who created it?
Singer and drag queen RuPaul.

Question: when did it release?

Answer: 28 October,1997.

Explanation: Ho Ho, also known as VH-1 Presents RuPaul: Ho Ho Ho, is a 1997 Christmas album and the third studio album by American singer and drag queen RuPaul. Released on October 28, 1997

Ho Ho Ho (album) [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is ho ho ho (album)?
A Christmas album.
who created it?
Singer and drag queen RuPaul.
when did it release?
28 October,1997.

Question: where was this singer born?

Answer: In  San Diego, California.

RuPaul [SEP] Early life

RuPaul was born in San Diego, California, on November 17, 1960. He was named by his mother, Ernestine "Toni" Charles, a Louisiana native; the "Ru" came from roux, which is the term for the base of gumbo and other creole stews and soups. According to "Finding Your Roots" his ancestors were likely former slaves; and his Global Ancestry Composition is 70% African, and 30% European. When his parents divorced in 1967, he and his three sisters lived with their mother. He was raised in the Roman Catholic faith. At fifteen, he moved to Atlanta, Georgia, with his sister Renetta to study performing arts.


Context:
what is ho ho ho (album)?
A Christmas album.
who created it?
Singer and drag queen RuPaul.
when did it release?
28 October,1997.
where was this singer born?
In  San Diego, California.

Question: what are some rivers in this state?

Answer: Sacramento , San Joaquin , Pit, Feather, Tuolumne and other rivers.

Explanation: Sacramento River and San Joaquin River, which are fed mostly by snowmelt from the west slope of the Sierra Nevada, and respectively drain the north and south halves of the Central Valley. The two rivers join in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta, flowing into the Pacific Ocean through San Francisco Bay. Many major tributaries feed into the Sacramento–San Joaquin system, including the Pit River, Feather River and Tuolumne River.

California [SEP] Rivers

The Mojave River is the primary watercourse in the Mojave Desert, and the Santa Ana River drains much of the Transverse Ranges as it bisects Southern California. The Colorado River forms the state's southeast border with Arizona. Most of California's major rivers are dammed as part of two massive water projects: the Central Valley Project, providing water for agriculture in the Central Valley, and the California State Water Project diverting water from northern to southern California. The state's coasts, rivers, and other bodies of water are regulated by the California Coastal Commission.


Context: what is ho ho ho (album)?

Context: A Christmas album.

Context: who created it?

Context: Singer and drag queen RuPaul.

Context: when did it release?

Context: 28 October,1997.

Context: where was this singer born?

Context: In  San Diego, California.

Context: what are some rivers in this state?

Context: Sacramento , San Joaquin , Pit, Feather, Tuolumne and other rivers.

Question: which countries rule this state?

Answer: Spain and Mexico.

California [SEP] Spanish rule

The first Europeans to explore the California coast were the members of a Spanish sailing expedition led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo; they entered San Diego Bay on September 28, 1542, and reached at least as far north as San Miguel Island. Privateer and explorer Francis Drake explored and claimed an undefined portion of the California coast in 1579, landing north of the future city of San Francisco. The first Asians to set foot on what would be the United States occurred in 1587, when Filipino sailors arrived in Spanish ships at Morro Bay. Sebastián Vizcaíno explored and mapped the coast of California in 1602 for New Spain, sailing as far north as Cape Mendocino.


Context: what is ho ho ho (album)?

Context: A Christmas album.

Context: who created it?

Context: Singer and drag queen RuPaul.

Context: when did it release?

Context: 28 October,1997.

Context: where was this singer born?

Context: In  San Diego, California.

Context: what are some rivers in this state?

Context: which countries rule this state?

Context: Spain and Mexico.

Question: what is the climate here like?

Answer: Mediterranean climate.

California [SEP] Climate

Although most of the state has a Mediterranean climate, due to the state's large size the climate ranges from polar to subtropical. The cool California Current offshore often creates summer fog near the coast. Farther inland, there are colder winters and hotter summers. The maritime moderation results in the shoreline summertime temperatures of Los Angeles and San Francisco being the coolest of all major metropolitan areas of the United States and uniquely cool compared to areas on the same latitude in the interior and on the east coast of the North American continent. Even the San Diego shoreline bordering Mexico is cooler in summer than most areas in the contiguous United States.


Context: what is ho ho ho (album)?

Context: A Christmas album.

Context: who created it?

Context: Singer and drag queen RuPaul.

Context: when did it release?

Context: 28 October,1997.

Context: where was this singer born?

Context: In  San Diego, California.

Context: what are some rivers in this state?

Context: which countries rule this state?

Context: Spain and Mexico.

Context: what is the climate here like?

Context: Mediterranean climate.

Question: what are some natural vegetation grown in this climatic condition?

Answer: Garrigue or maquis in the Mediterranean Basin, the chaparral in California, the fynbos in South Africa, the mallee in Australia, and the matorral in Chile.

Mediterranean climate [SEP] Introduction

A Mediterranean climate or dry summer climate is characterized by dry summers and mild, wet winters. The climate receives its name from the Mediterranean Basin, where this climate type is most common. Mediterranean climate zones are typically located along the western sides of continents, between roughly 30 and 45 degrees north and south of the equator. The main cause of Mediterranean, or dry summer climate, is the subtropical ridge which extends northwards during the summer and migrates south during the winter due to increasing north-south temperature differences. The resulting vegetation of Mediterranean climates are the garrigue or maquis in the Mediterranean Basin, the chaparral in California, the fynbos in South Africa, the mallee in Australia, and the matorral in Chile.


Context: what is ho ho ho (album)?

Context: A Christmas album.

Context: who created it?

Context: Singer and drag queen RuPaul.

Context: when did it release?

Context: 28 October,1997.

Context: where was this singer born?

Context: In  San Diego, California.

Context: what are some rivers in this state?

Context: which countries rule this state?

Context: Spain and Mexico.

Context: what is the climate here like?

Context: Mediterranean climate.

Context: what are some natural vegetation grown in this climatic condition?

Context: Garrigue or maquis in the Mediterranean Basin, the chaparral in California, the fynbos in South Africa, the mallee in Australia, and the matorral in Chile.

Question: what is the temperature here like?

Answer: In winter the temperatures occasionally fall below the freezing point and in summer it ranges from mild to very hot.

Mediterranean climate [SEP] Temperature

Because most regions with a Mediterranean climate are near large bodies of water, temperatures are generally moderate, with a comparatively small range of temperatures between the winter low and summer high (although the daily range of temperature during the summer is large due to dry and clear conditions, except along the immediate coasts). Temperatures during winter only occasionally fall below the freezing point and snow is generally seldom seen. In the summer, the temperatures range from mild to very hot, depending on distance from a large body of water, elevation, and latitude. Even in the warmest locations with a Mediterranean-type climate, however, temperatures usually do not reach the highest readings found in adjacent desert regions, because of cooling from water bodies, although strong winds from inland desert regions can sometimes boost summer temperatures, quickly increasing the risk of wildfires.


Context: what is ho ho ho (album)?

Context: A Christmas album.

Context: who created it?

Context: Singer and drag queen RuPaul.

Context: when did it release?

Context: 28 October,1997.

Context: where was this singer born?

Context: In  San Diego, California.

Context: what are some rivers in this state?

Context: which countries rule this state?

Context: Spain and Mexico.

Context: what is the climate here like?

Context: Mediterranean climate.

Context: what is the temperature here like?

Context: In winter the temperatures occasionally fall below the freezing point and in summer it ranges from mild to very hot.

Question: what is its koppen classification?

Answer: Under this , "hot dry-summer" climates (classified as "Csa") and "cool dry-summer" climates (classified as "Csb") are often referred to as "Mediterranean".

Mediterranean climate [SEP] Köppen climate classification

Under the Köppen climate classification, "hot dry-summer" climates (classified as "Csa") and "cool dry-summer" climates (classified as "Csb") are often referred to as "Mediterranean". Under the Köppen climate system, the first letter indicates the climate group (in this case temperate climates). Temperate climates or ""C"" zones have an average temperature above (or ), but below , in their coolest months. The second letter indicates the precipitation pattern (""s"" represents dry summers). Köppen has defined a dry summer month as a month with less than of precipitation and as a month within the high-sun months of April to September, in the case of the Northern Hemisphere and October to March, in the case of the Southern Hemisphere, and it also must contain exactly or less than one-third that of the wettest winter month.


Question: is the electron transport chain part of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer: Yes. It is the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing the chemical energy stored within in order to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Oxidative phosphorylation [SEP] Introduction

Oxidative phosphorylation (UK , US or electron transport-linked phosphorylation) is the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing the chemical energy stored within in order to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In most eukaryotes, this takes place inside mitochondria. Almost all aerobic organisms carry out oxidative phosphorylation. This pathway is so pervasive because the energy of the double bond of oxygen is so much higher than the energy of the double bond in carbon dioxide or in pairs of single bonds in organic molecules observed in alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis. During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons are transferred from electron donors to electron acceptors such as oxygen in redox reactions.


Context: is the electron transport chain part of oxidative phosphorylation

Context: Yes. It is the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing the chemical energy stored within in order to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Answer: When  the electron transport chain and the ATP synthase are embedded in a membrane, and energy is transferred from the electron transport chain to the ATP synthase by movements of protons across this membrane, in a process called "chemiosmosis

Oxidative phosphorylation [SEP] Chemiosmosis

Oxidative phosphorylation works by using energy-releasing chemical reactions to drive energy-requiring reactions: The two sets of reactions are said to be "coupled". This means one cannot occur without the other. The chain of redox reactions driving the flow of electrons through the electron transport chain, from electron donors such as NADH to electron acceptors such as oxygen and hydrogen (protons), is an exergonic process – it releases energy, whereas the synthesis of ATP is an endergonic process, which requires an input of energy. Both the electron transport chain and the ATP synthase are embedded in a membrane, and energy is transferred from the electron transport chain to the ATP synthase by movements of protons across this membrane, in a process called "chemiosmosis".


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: When  the electron transport chain and the ATP synthase are embedded in a membrane, and energy is transferred from the electron transport chain to the ATP synthase by movements of protons across this membrane, in a process called "chemiosmosis

Question: in eukaryotes, where this process or pathway takes place?

Answer: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Oxidative phosphorylation [SEP] Eukaryotic electron transport chains

Many catabolic biochemical processes, such as glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and beta oxidation, produce the reduced cofactor NADH. This coenzyme contains electrons that have a high transfer potential; in other words, they will release a large amount of energy upon oxidation. However, the cell does not release this energy all at once, as this would be an uncontrollable reaction. Instead, the electrons are removed from NADH and passed to oxygen through a series of enzymes that each release a small amount of the energy. This set of enzymes, consisting of complexes I through IV, is called the electron transport chain and is found in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: in eukaryotes, where this process or pathway takes place?

Context: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Question: what is the first complex produce in this electron transport chain?

Answer: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase

Oxidative phosphorylation [SEP] NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase (complex I)

NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase, also known as "NADH dehydrogenase" or "complex I", is the first protein in the electron transport chain. Complex I is a giant enzyme with the mammalian complex I having 46 subunits and a molecular mass of about 1,000 kilodaltons (kDa). The structure is known in detail only from a bacterium; in most organisms the complex resembles a boot with a large "ball" poking out from the membrane into the mitochondrion. The genes that encode the individual proteins are contained in both the cell nucleus and the mitochondrial genome, as is the case for many enzymes present in the mitochondrion.


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Context: what is the first complex produce in this electron transport chain?

Context: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase

Question: what is this complex?

Answer: It is the first protein in the electron transport chain.

NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase (complex I)

Explanation: is the first protein in the electron transport chain.


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Context: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase

Context: what is this complex?

Context: It is the first protein in the electron transport chain.

Question: can you name some prokaryotes in which this etc can be seen?

Answer: E.coli

Explanation: he main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic oxidative phosphorylation is that bacteria and archaea use many different substances to donate or accept electrons. This allows prokaryotes to grow under a wide variety of environmental conditions. In "E. coli", for example, oxidative phosphorylation can be driven by a large number of pairs of reducing agents and oxidizing agents, which are listed below. The midpoint potential of a chemical measures how much energy is released when it is oxidized or reduced, with reducing agents having negative potentials and oxidizing agents positive potentials.

Oxidative phosphorylation [SEP] Prokaryotic electron transport chains

This allows prokaryotes to grow under a wide variety of environmental conditions. In "E. coli", for example, oxidative phosphorylation can be driven by a large number of pairs of reducing agents and oxidizing agents, which are listed below. The midpoint potential of a chemical measures how much energy is released when it is oxidized or reduced, with reducing agents having negative potentials and oxidizing agents positive potentials. As shown above, "E. coli" can grow with reducing agents such as formate, hydrogen, or lactate as electron donors, and nitrate, DMSO, or oxygen as acceptors. The larger the difference in midpoint potential between an oxidizing and reducing agent, the more energy is released when they react.


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Context: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase

Context: what is this complex?

Context: can you name some prokaryotes in which this etc can be seen?

Context: E.coli

Question: what type of organism is the above one?

Answer: Coliform bacterium

Escherichia coli [SEP] Introduction

Escherichia coli (), also known as E. coli (), is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus "Escherichia" that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms (endotherms). Most "E. coli" strains are harmless, but some serotypes (EPEC, ETEC etc.) can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts, and are occasionally responsible for food contamination incidents that prompt product recalls. The harmless strains are part of the normal microbiota of the gut, and can benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K, (which helps blood to clot) and preventing colonisation of the intestine with pathogenic bacteria, having a symbiotic relationship.


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Context: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase

Context: what is this complex?

Context: E.coli

Context: what type of organism is the above one?

Context: Coliform bacterium

Question: do they have any therapeutic use?

Answer: Ferment lactose

Coliform bacteria [SEP] Introduction

Coliform bacteria are defined as Rod shaped Gram-negative non-spore forming and motile or non-motile bacteria which can ferment lactose with the production of acid and gas when incubated at 35–37°C. Due to the limited ability of certain coliform bacteria to ferment lactose, the definition has changed to bacteria containing the enzyme β-galactosidase. They are a commonly used indicator of sanitary quality of foods and water. Coliforms can be found in the aquatic environment, in soil and on vegetation; they are universally present in large numbers in the feces of warm-blooded animals. While coliforms themselves are not normally causes of serious illness, they are easy to culture, and their presence is used to indicate that other pathogenic organisms of fecal origin may be present.


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Context: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase

Context: what is this complex?

Context: E.coli

Context: what type of organism is the above one?

Context: Coliform bacterium

Context: do they have any therapeutic use?

Context: Ferment lactose

Question: what are the role of this organism in disease causing?

Answer: Their presence is used to indicate that other pathogenic organisms of fecal origin may be present, which  include disease-causing bacteria, viruses, or protozoa and many multicellular parasite. It is performed in aerobic or anaerobic conditions.

Explanation: While coliforms themselves are not normally causes of serious illness, they are easy to culture, and their presence is used to indicate that other pathogenic organisms of fecal origin may be present. Such pathogens include disease-causing bacteria, viruses, or protozoa and many multicellular parasites. Coliform procedures are performed in aerobic or anaerobic conditions.

Coliform bacteria [SEP] Introduction

Escherichia coli have an incubation period of 12–72 hours with the optimal growth temperature being 37°C. Unlike the general coliform group, "E. coli" are almost exclusively of fecal origin and their presence is thus an effective confirmation of fecal contamination. Most strains of "E. coli" are harmless, but some can cause serious illness in humans. Infection symptoms and signs include bloody diarrhea, stomach cramps, vomiting and occasionally, fever. The bacteria can also cause pneumonia, other respiratory illnesses and urinary tract infections.


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Context: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase

Context: what is this complex?

Context: E.coli

Context: what type of organism is the above one?

Context: Coliform bacterium

Context: do they have any therapeutic use?

Context: Ferment lactose

Context: what are the role of this organism in disease causing?

Context: Their presence is used to indicate that other pathogenic organisms of fecal origin may be present, which  include disease-causing bacteria, viruses, or protozoa and many multicellular parasite. It is performed in aerobic or anaerobic conditions.

Question: why the original organism is referred as the model organism in life science research?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Coliform bacteria [SEP] Introduction


Context: how is it related to chemiosmosis?

Context: Inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Context: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase

Context: what is this complex?

Context: E.coli

Context: what type of organism is the above one?

Context: Coliform bacterium

Context: do they have any therapeutic use?

Context: Ferment lactose

Context: why the original organism is referred as the model organism in life science research?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who discovered this organism?

Answer: Stanley Norman Cohen and Herbert Boyer

Escherichia coli [SEP] Model organism in life science research

Because of its long history of laboratory culture and ease of manipulation, "E. coli" plays an important role in modern biological engineering and industrial microbiology. The work of Stanley Norman Cohen and Herbert Boyer in "E. coli", using plasmids and restriction enzymes to create recombinant DNA, became a foundation of biotechnology. "E. coli" is a very versatile host for the production of heterologous proteins, and various protein expression systems have been developed which allow the production of recombinant proteins in "E. coli". Researchers can introduce genes into the microbes using plasmids which permit high level expression of protein, and such protein may be mass-produced in industrial fermentation processes.


Question: when did bookends release?

Answer: April 3, 1968

Explanation: the album was released on April 3, 1968

Bookends (album) [SEP] Introduction

Bookends is the fourth studio album by American music duo Simon & Garfunkel. Produced by Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel, the album was released on April 3, 1968, in the United States by Columbia Records. The duo had risen to fame two years prior with the albums "Sounds of Silence" and "Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme" and the soundtrack album for the 1967 film "The Graduate". "Bookends" is a concept album that explores a life journey from childhood to old age. Side one of the album marks successive stages in life, the theme serving as bookends to the life cycle.


Context:
when did bookends release?
April 3, 1968

Question: where was this song recorded?

Answer: Columbia Records.

Explanation: the album was released on April 3, 1968, in the United States by Columbia Records.

Bookends (album) [SEP] Introduction


Context:
when did bookends release?
April 3, 1968
where was this song recorded?
Columbia Records.

Question: and who is the producer of this album?

Answer: Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel

Explanation: Produced by Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel, the album was released on April 3, 1968,

Bookends (album) [SEP] Introduction


Context:
when did bookends release?
April 3, 1968
where was this song recorded?
Columbia Records.
and who is the producer of this album?
Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel

Question: where is the first producer from?

Answer: Newark, New Jersey

Paul Simon [SEP] Early years

Simon was born on October 13, 1941, in Newark, New Jersey, to Hungarian-Jewish parents. His father, Louis (1916–1995), was a college professor, double-bass player, and dance bandleader who performed under the name "Lee Sims". His mother, Belle (1910–2007), was an elementary school teacher. In 1945, his family moved to the Kew Gardens Hills section of Flushing, Queens, in New York City. The musician Donald Fagen described Simon's childhood as that of "a certain kind of New York Jew, almost a stereotype, really, to whom music and baseball are very important. I think it has to do with the parents. The parents are either immigrants or first-generation Americans who felt like outsiders, and assimilation was the key thought—they gravitated to black music and baseball looking for an alternative culture." Simon, upon hearing Fagen's description, said it "isn't far from the truth." Simon said about his childhood, "I was a ballplayer.


Context:
when did bookends release?
April 3, 1968
where was this song recorded?
Columbia Records.
and who is the producer of this album?
Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel
where is the first producer from?
Newark, New Jersey

Question: how is he related to the third producer?

Answer: Simon's musical career began after meeting Art Garfunkel when they were both 11.

Paul Simon [SEP] Early years

I'd go on my bike, and I'd hustle kids in stickball." He added that his father was a New York Yankees fan: Simon's musical career began after meeting Art Garfunkel when they were both 11. They performed in a production of" Alice in Wonderland" for their sixth-grade graduation, and began singing together when they were 13, occasionally performing at school dances. Their idols were the Everly Brothers, whom they imitated in their use of close two-part harmony. Simon also developed an interest in jazz, folk, and blues, especially in the music of Woody Guthrie and Lead Belly.


Context: when did bookends release?

Context: April 3, 1968

Context: where was this song recorded?

Context: Columbia Records.

Context: and who is the producer of this album?

Context: Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel

Context: where is the first producer from?

Context: Newark, New Jersey

Context: how is he related to the third producer?

Context: Simon's musical career began after meeting Art Garfunkel when they were both 11.

Question: apart from songs has he also written for films or television?

Answer: He played the role of music producer in feature film "Annie Hall".

Paul Simon [SEP] Film and television

Simon has also dabbled in acting. He played music producer Tony Lacey, a supporting character, in the 1977 Woody Allen feature film "Annie Hall". He wrote and starred in 1980's "One Trick Pony" as Jonah Levin, a journeyman rock and roller. Simon also wrote all the songs in the film. Paul Simon also appeared on "The Muppet Show" (the only episode to use only the songs of one songwriter, Simon). In 1990, he played the character of—appropriately enough—Simple Simon on the Disney Channel TV movie, "Mother Goose Rock 'n' Rhyme". In 1978, Simon made a cameo appearance in the movie, "".


Context: when did bookends release?

Context: April 3, 1968

Context: where was this song recorded?

Context: Columbia Records.

Context: and who is the producer of this album?

Context: Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel

Context: where is the first producer from?

Context: Newark, New Jersey

Context: apart from songs has he also written for films or television?

Context: He played the role of music producer in feature film "Annie Hall".

Question: can you name a few singles from the album?

Answer: "Punky's Dilemma", "Save the Life of My Child", and "Overs".

Bookends (album) [SEP] Recording and production

The record's brevity reflects its concise and perfectionistic production. The team spent over 50 studio hours recording "Punky's Dilemma", for example, and re-recorded vocal parts, sometimes note by note, until they were satisfied. Simon paid close attention to his vocal takes, and he strived to get each line perfect. He took a bigger role in all aspects of production, and harmonies for which the band was famous gradually disappeared in favor of songs sung solo by each member. Although the album had been planned long in advance, work did not begin in earnest until the late months of 1967. John Simon's work with the duo produced several tracks that ended up on "Bookends", such as "Punky's Dilemma", "Save the Life of My Child", and "Overs".


Context: when did bookends release?

Context: April 3, 1968

Context: where was this song recorded?

Context: Columbia Records.

Context: and who is the producer of this album?

Context: Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel

Context: where is the first producer from?

Context: Newark, New Jersey

Context: can you name a few singles from the album?

Context: "Punky's Dilemma", "Save the Life of My Child", and "Overs".

Question: what is the kind of music that the album contains?

Answer: Music by acoustic guitar, Moog synthesizer, to name a few.

Bookends (album) [SEP] Music

The "Bookends Theme" that opens and closes side one is played on the acoustic guitar, with no additional instruments. An audio sample of the band's first hit, "The Sound of Silence", softly plays during a cacophony of sounds near the end of the second track, "Save the Life of My Child". John Simon, who was credited with production assistance on the song, created the bassline by playing a Moog synthesizer with help from Robert Moog himself. James Bennighof, author of "The Words and Music of Paul Simon", finds that "textural elements are variously supported by a churning groove, percussive, and distorted electronic sounds" that complement the song's subject matter, suicide suburban youth.


Context: when did bookends release?

Context: April 3, 1968

Context: where was this song recorded?

Context: Columbia Records.

Context: and who is the producer of this album?

Context: Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel

Context: where is the first producer from?

Context: Newark, New Jersey

Context: what is the kind of music that the album contains?

Context: Music by acoustic guitar, Moog synthesizer, to name a few.

Question: how much sales did the album make on its first release?

Answer: Debuted on the Billboard" Pop Album Chart climbing to number one and staying at that position for seven non-consecutive weeks.

Bookends (album) [SEP] Release and commercial performance

The album debuted on the "Billboard" Pop Album Chart in the issue dated April 27, 1968, climbing to number one and staying at that position for seven non-consecutive weeks, remaining on the chart for a total of 66 weeks. "Bookends" received such heavy orders weeks in advance of its release that Columbia was able to apply for award certification before copies had left the warehouse, a fact that was touted in magazine ads. The record became the duo's best-selling album to date. It fed off the buzz created by the release of "The Graduate" soundtrack album ten weeks earlier, creating an initial combined sales figure of over five million units.


Context: when did bookends release?

Context: April 3, 1968

Context: where was this song recorded?

Context: Columbia Records.

Context: and who is the producer of this album?

Context: Paul Simon, Roy Halee and Art Garfunkel

Context: where is the first producer from?

Context: Newark, New Jersey

Context: how much sales did the album make on its first release?

Context: Debuted on the Billboard" Pop Album Chart climbing to number one and staying at that position for seven non-consecutive weeks.

Question: which singer or band does this album belong to?

Answer: Simon & Garfunkel

Explanation: Bookends is the fourth studio album by American music duo Simon & Garfunkel.

Bookends (album) [SEP] Introduction


Question: give two other names used for the protein coat of a virus

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Virus [SEP] Introduction

A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all types of life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898, more than 6,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology.


Context: give two other names used for the protein coat of a virus

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where did it get its name?

Answer: The word is from the Latin neuter referring to poison and other noxious liquids, from the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit , Avestan , and ancient Greek (all meaning "poison")

Virus [SEP] Etymology

The word is from the Latin neuter referring to poison and other noxious liquids, from the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit , Avestan , and ancient Greek (all meaning "poison"), first attested in English in 1398 in John Trevisa's translation of Bartholomeus Anglicus's "De Proprietatibus Rerum". "Virulent", from Latin "virulentus" (poisonous), dates to c. 1400. A meaning of "agent that causes infectious disease" is first recorded in 1728, long before the discovery of viruses by Dmitri Ivanovsky in 1892. The English plural is "viruses" (sometimes also "vira"), whereas the Latin word is a mass noun, which has no classically attested plural ("vīra" is used in Neo-Latin).


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: The word is from the Latin neuter referring to poison and other noxious liquids, from the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit , Avestan , and ancient Greek (all meaning "poison")

Question: what is its genome size?

Answer: The smallest—the ssDNA circoviruses, family "Circoviridae"—code for only two proteins and have a genome size of only two kilobases; the largest—the pandoraviruses—have genome sizes of around two megabases which code for about 2500 proteins.

Virus [SEP] Genome size

Genome size varies greatly between species. The smallest—the ssDNA circoviruses, family "Circoviridae"—code for only two proteins and have a genome size of only two kilobases; the largest—the pandoraviruses—have genome sizes of around two megabases which code for about 2500 proteins. Virus genes rarely have introns and often are arranged in the genome so that they overlap. In general, RNA viruses have smaller genome sizes than DNA viruses because of a higher error-rate when replicating, and have a maximum upper size limit. Beyond this, errors when replicating render the virus useless or uncompetitive. To compensate, RNA viruses often have segmented genomes—the genome is split into smaller molecules—thus reducing the chance that an error in a single-component genome will incapacitate the entire genome.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: what is its genome size?

Context: The smallest—the ssDNA circoviruses, family "Circoviridae"—code for only two proteins and have a genome size of only two kilobases; the largest—the pandoraviruses—have genome sizes of around two megabases which code for about 2500 proteins.

Question: is there any therapy associated with?

Answer: Yes, Virotherapy

Virus [SEP] Virotherapy

Virotherapy involves the use of genetically modified viruses to treat diseases. Viruses have been modified by scientists to reproduce in cancer cells and destroy them but not infect healthy cells. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), for example, is a modified herpes simplex virus that has had a gene, which is required for viruses to replicate in healthy cells, deleted and replaced with a human gene (GM-CSF) that stimulates immunity. When this virus infects cancer cells, it destroys them and in doing so the presence the GM-CSF gene attracts dendritic cells from the surrounding tissues of the body. The dendritic cells process the dead cancer cells and present components of them to other cells of the immune system.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: what is its genome size?

Context: is there any therapy associated with?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy

Question: what is it?

Answer: It involves the use of genetically modified viruses to treat diseases.

Virus [SEP] Virotherapy


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: what is its genome size?

Context: is there any therapy associated with?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy

Context: what is it?

Context: It involves the use of genetically modified viruses to treat diseases.

Question: mention its classification?

Answer: It is based classification on phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

Virus [SEP] Classification

Classification seeks to describe the diversity of viruses by naming and grouping them on the basis of similarities. In 1962, André Lwoff, Robert Horne, and Paul Tournier were the first to develop a means of virus classification, based on the Linnaean hierarchical system. This system based classification on phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Viruses were grouped according to their shared properties (not those of their hosts) and the type of nucleic acid forming their genomes. In 1966, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) was formed. The system proposed by Lwoff, Horne and Tournier was initially not accepted by the ICTV because the small genome size of viruses and their high rate of mutation made it difficult to determine their ancestry beyond order.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: what is its genome size?

Context: is there any therapy associated with?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy

Context: what is it?

Context: mention its classification?

Context: It is based classification on phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

Question: who discovered the viruses which have genome sizes of around two megabases?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Virus [SEP] Classification


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: what is its genome size?

Context: is there any therapy associated with?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy

Context: what is it?

Context: mention its classification?

Context: who discovered the viruses which have genome sizes of around two megabases?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does it have any kind of affinities?

Answer: Approximately 93% of Pandoravirus genes are not known from any other microbes, suggesting they may belong to an as of yet undescribed "fourth domain" aside from Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.

Pandoravirus [SEP] Phylogenetic affinities

Approximately 93% of Pandoravirus genes are not known from any other microbes, suggesting they may belong to an as of yet undescribed "fourth domain" aside from Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. Viruses as a whole are not popularly considered to be located within these three domains, although they have been proposed as one in the past by some biologists.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: what is its genome size?

Context: is there any therapy associated with?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy

Context: what is it?

Context: mention its classification?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have any kind of affinities?

Context: Approximately 93% of Pandoravirus genes are not known from any other microbes, suggesting they may belong to an as of yet undescribed "fourth domain" aside from Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes.

Question: how is its presence in the environment?

Answer: They are mostly found in marine environments, infecting amoebae.

Pandoravirus [SEP] Prevalence in the environment

Pandoraviruses do not seem to be harmful to humans. They are mostly found in marine environments, infecting amoebae. One reason for their only relatively recent discovery is because they exist in environments that are not well studied. Pandoraviruses, like other marine viruses, prey on plankton, which are organisms that live in the water column and form the basis of the food chain for other marine species. More study and research needs to be done in order to confirm the prevalence of Pandoraviruses in different environments. Currently, not much is known about their role in marine ecosystems.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where did it get its name?

Context: what is its genome size?

Context: is there any therapy associated with?

Context: Yes, Virotherapy

Context: what is it?

Context: mention its classification?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have any kind of affinities?

Context: how is its presence in the environment?

Context: They are mostly found in marine environments, infecting amoebae.

Question: give its description?

Answer: They are oval in shape and are about 1 micrometer in length.

Pandoravirus [SEP] Description

Pandoraviruses are oval in shape and are about 1 micrometer (1000 nanometers) in length. Other viruses range from 50 to 100 nanometers. In addition to being large physically, Pandoraviruses have a large genome made up of 2,500 genes, compared to only 10 genes on average in other viruses. For example, the Influenza A virus contains 7 genes and HIV contains only 9 genes. Gene content varies among species of Pandoravirus, with "Pandoravirus salinus", containing 2,500 genes and "Pandoravirus dulcis" containing about 1,500 genes. Pandoraviruses were originally mistaken for bacteria, however, they are missing some of the distinct features of bacteria such as the ability to make their own proteins.


Question: when was the last hurricane in tampa florida

Answer: Tampa Bay hurricane of 1921

1921 Tampa Bay hurricane [SEP] Introduction

The Tampa Bay hurricane of 1921 (also known as the 1921 Tarpon Springs hurricane) is the most recent major hurricane to strike the Tampa Bay Area. The eleventh tropical cyclone, sixth tropical storm, and fifth hurricane of the season, the storm developed from a trough in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on October 20. Initially a tropical storm, the system moved northwestward and intensified into a hurricane on October 22 and a major hurricane by October 23. Later that day, the cyclone peaked as a Category 4 on the modern day Saffir–Simpson scale with maximum sustained winds of 140 mph (220 km/h).