Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: where are they found?

Context: who are its predators?

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: can you please describe the third bird that you mentioned?

Context: A very large white gull with dark wings and back, and a very thick red-tipped yellow bill.

Question: what efforts are being made to conserve the original bird?

Answer: It is a species of least concern, as the population is large and appears to be growing.

Australasian gannet [SEP] Conservation status

The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists the Australasian gannet as a species of least concern, as the population is large and appears to be growing. There are possible impacts from commercial fishing, though this is probably low compared with other seabirds. Survival rates each breeding season can vary dramatically, most likely due to food availability and weather. More frequent El Niño–Southern Oscillation events lead to warmer water in Bass Strait, which gives rise to more fish and hence accounting for the increase in Australian waters. Gannets established a mainland colony on Young Nick's Head near Gisborne, after decoys of nesting birds and pre-recorded calls were broadcast to passing gannets in September 2008.


Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: Steep Point in Western Australia, along the southern and eastern Australian coastline to the vicinity of Rockhampton in Queensland, as well as the North and South Islands of New Zealand, Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands.

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: apart from this bird what are the other predators of the first one?

Context: Other fishes like tuna, striped bass, cod, salmon, barracuda and swordfish, as well as sharks, whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, sea lions, and seabirds.

Context: where are they found?

Context: They are found along coastlines and also in lakes and rivers.

Context: does the original bird have a unique call?

Context: A  harsh "arrah-arrah" or "urrah-urrah".

Context: who are its predators?

Context: Southern giant petrel , kelp gull, and Pacific gull.

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: It sexual maturity at six or seven years of age and the breeding season begins in October.

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Fish, krill, squid, offal , and waste from vessels.

Context: what is the sub-species of the second bird you mentioned?

Context: "L. d. dominicanus" and  "L. d. vetula" .

Context: what efforts are being made to conserve the original bird?

Context: It is a species of least concern, as the population is large and appears to be growing.

Question: what relation does it have with humans?

Answer: They were used as food, and their feathers were used for decorative purposes and were also worn by the important members of the Māori tribe.

Australasian gannet [SEP] Relationship with humans

The Māori were reported to have harvested young gannets for food, visiting Gannet Island in March. The white feathers of adult gannets were used to adorn canoes, and were worn by important members of the community. The bones were made into tools to apply facial moko (tattoos). Some mainland colonies have become tourist attractions, such as those at Cape Kidnappers, and Muriwai in New Zealand, and Point Danger in Australia. The gannets of Cape Kidnappers have featured on New Zealand stamps issued in 1958 and 2009.


Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: where are they found?

Context: who are its predators?

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: what relation does it have with humans?

Context: They were used as food, and their feathers were used for decorative purposes and were also worn by the important members of the Māori tribe.

Question: do you know where is this tribe located?

Answer: Mainland New Zealand.

Māori people [SEP] Introduction

The Māori (; ) are the indigenous Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand. Māori originated with settlers from eastern Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of (canoe) voyages between roughly 1320 and 1350. Over several centuries in isolation, these settlers developed their own distinctive culture, whose language, mythology, crafts and performing arts evolved independently from those of other eastern Polynesian cultures. Some early Māori moved to the Chatham Islands where their descendants became New Zealand's other indigenous Polynesian ethnic group, the Moriori. The arrival of Europeans in New Zealand, starting in the 17th century, brought enormous changes to the Māori way of life.


Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: where are they found?

Context: who are its predators?

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: what relation does it have with humans?

Context: do you know where is this tribe located?

Context: Mainland New Zealand.

Question: what is their language?

Answer: The Māori language.

Māori people [SEP] Language

The Māori language, also known as (pronounced [ˈmaːoɾi, te ˈɾeo ˈmaːoɾi]) or simply ("the language"), has the status of an official language. Linguists classify it within the Eastern Polynesian languages as being closely related to Cook Islands Māori, Tuamotuan and Tahitian. Before European contact Māori did not have a written language and "important information such as was memorised and passed down verbally through the generations". Māori were familiar with the concept of maps and when interacting with missionaries in 1815 could draw accurate maps of their ( boundaries), onto paper, that were the equal of European maps. Missionaries surmised that Māori had traditionally drawn maps on sand or other natural materials.


Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: where are they found?

Context: who are its predators?

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: can you please describe the third bird that you mentioned?

Context: A very large white gull with dark wings and back, and a very thick red-tipped yellow bill.

Context: what relation does it have with humans?

Context: Mainland New Zealand.

Context: what is their language?

Context: The Māori language.

Question: what is their population?

Answer: 775,836 people as per the 2018 New Zealand census.

Māori people [SEP] Demographics

Under the Māori Affairs Amendment Act 1974, a Māori is defined as "a person of the Māori race of New Zealand; and includes any descendant of such a person". The Māori population around the late 18th century was estimated by James Cook at 100,000. Historian Michael King suggests a slightly higher figure of 110,000 is more likely. Their numbers declined during the 19th century, to as low as 42,000; the decline has been attributed to the impact of European colonisation, including new diseases. Thereafter the population grew rapidly. There were 775,836 people identifying as being part of the Māori ethnic group at the 2018 New Zealand census, making up 16.5% of New Zealand's population.


Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: Steep Point in Western Australia, along the southern and eastern Australian coastline to the vicinity of Rockhampton in Queensland, as well as the North and South Islands of New Zealand, Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands.

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: apart from this bird what are the other predators of the first one?

Context: Other fishes like tuna, striped bass, cod, salmon, barracuda and swordfish, as well as sharks, whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, sea lions, and seabirds.

Context: where are they found?

Context: They are found along coastlines and also in lakes and rivers.

Context: does the original bird have a unique call?

Context: A  harsh "arrah-arrah" or "urrah-urrah".

Context: who are its predators?

Context: Southern giant petrel , kelp gull, and Pacific gull.

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: It sexual maturity at six or seven years of age and the breeding season begins in October.

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Fish, krill, squid, offal , and waste from vessels.

Context: what is the sub-species of the second bird you mentioned?

Context: "L. d. dominicanus" and  "L. d. vetula" .

Context: what efforts are being made to conserve the original bird?

Context: It is a species of least concern, as the population is large and appears to be growing.

Context: what relation does it have with humans?

Context: They were used as food, and their feathers were used for decorative purposes and were also worn by the important members of the Māori tribe.

Context: do you know where is this tribe located?

Context: Mainland New Zealand.

Context: what is their language?

Context: The Māori language.

Context: what is their population?

Context: 775,836 people as per the 2018 New Zealand census.

Question: are there any other birds used by this tribe in their culture?

Answer: In the Archaic period of Māori settlement large birds like moa were consumed.

Māori people [SEP] Early history

The earliest period of Māori settlement, known as the "Archaic", "Moahunter" or "Colonisation" period, dates from to . The early Māori diet included an abundance of moa and other large birds and fur seals that had never been hunted before. This Archaic period is known for its distinctive "reel necklaces", and also remarkable for the lack of weapons and fortifications typical of the later "Classic" Māori. The best-known and most extensively studied Archaic site, at Wairau Bar in the South Island, shows evidence of occupation from early-13th century to the early-15th century. It is the only known New Zealand archaeological site containing the bones of people who were born elsewhere.


Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: where are they found?

Context: who are its predators?

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: what does it eat?

Context: can you please describe the third bird that you mentioned?

Context: A very large white gull with dark wings and back, and a very thick red-tipped yellow bill.

Context: what relation does it have with humans?

Context: Mainland New Zealand.

Context: what is their language?

Context: The Māori language.

Context: what is their population?

Context: are there any other birds used by this tribe in their culture?

Context: In the Archaic period of Māori settlement large birds like moa were consumed.

Question: does the bird you just mentioned still live?

Answer: No, it is now extinct.

Moa [SEP] Introduction

Moa were nine species (in six genera) of now-extinct flightless birds endemic to New Zealand. The two largest species, "Dinornis robustus" and "Dinornis novaezelandiae", reached about 3.6 m (12 ft) in height with neck outstretched, and weighed about 230 kg (510 lb) while the smallest, the bush moa, was around the size of a turkey. Estimates of the Moa population when Polynesians settled New Zealand circa 1280, vary between 58,000 to c. 2.5 million. Moa belong to the order Dinornithiformes, traditionally placed in the ratite group. However, their closest relatives have been found by genetic studies to be the flighted South American tinamous, once considered to be a sister group to ratites.


Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: Steep Point in Western Australia, along the southern and eastern Australian coastline to the vicinity of Rockhampton in Queensland, as well as the North and South Islands of New Zealand, Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands.

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: apart from this bird what are the other predators of the first one?

Context: Other fishes like tuna, striped bass, cod, salmon, barracuda and swordfish, as well as sharks, whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, sea lions, and seabirds.

Context: where are they found?

Context: They are found along coastlines and also in lakes and rivers.

Context: does the original bird have a unique call?

Context: A  harsh "arrah-arrah" or "urrah-urrah".

Context: who are its predators?

Context: Southern giant petrel , kelp gull, and Pacific gull.

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: It sexual maturity at six or seven years of age and the breeding season begins in October.

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Fish, krill, squid, offal , and waste from vessels.

Context: what is the sub-species of the second bird you mentioned?

Context: "L. d. dominicanus" and  "L. d. vetula" .

Context: what efforts are being made to conserve the original bird?

Context: It is a species of least concern, as the population is large and appears to be growing.

Context: what relation does it have with humans?

Context: They were used as food, and their feathers were used for decorative purposes and were also worn by the important members of the Māori tribe.

Context: do you know where is this tribe located?

Context: Mainland New Zealand.

Context: what is their language?

Context: The Māori language.

Context: what is their population?

Context: 775,836 people as per the 2018 New Zealand census.

Context: are there any other birds used by this tribe in their culture?

Context: In the Archaic period of Māori settlement large birds like moa were consumed.

Context: does the bird you just mentioned still live?

Context: No, it is now extinct.

Question: what did it eat?

Answer: Different plant species and plant parts, including fibrous twigs and leaves taken from low trees and shrubs.

Moa [SEP] Diet

Their diet has been deduced from fossilised contents of their gizzards and coprolites, as well as indirectly through morphological analysis of skull and beak, and stable isotope analysis of their bones. Moa fed on a range of plant species and plant parts, including fibrous twigs and leaves taken from low trees and shrubs. The beak of "Pachyornis elephantopus" was analogous to a pair of secateurs, and could clip the fibrous leaves of New Zealand flax ("Phormium tenax") and twigs up to at least 8 mm in diameter. Moa filled the ecological niche occupied in other countries by large browsing mammals such as antelopes and llamas.


Context: what is a australasian gannet?

Context: A large seabird.

Context: where is it found?

Context: Steep Point in Western Australia, along the southern and eastern Australian coastline to the vicinity of Rockhampton in Queensland, as well as the North and South Islands of New Zealand, Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands.

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Forage fish and cephalopods.

Context: apart from this bird what are the other predators of the first one?

Context: Other fishes like tuna, striped bass, cod, salmon, barracuda and swordfish, as well as sharks, whales, dolphins, porpoises, seals, sea lions, and seabirds.

Context: where are they found?

Context: They are found along coastlines and also in lakes and rivers.

Context: does the original bird have a unique call?

Context: A  harsh "arrah-arrah" or "urrah-urrah".

Context: who are its predators?

Context: Southern giant petrel , kelp gull, and Pacific gull.

Context: how does the first one mate?

Context: It sexual maturity at six or seven years of age and the breeding season begins in October.

Context: what does it eat?

Context: Fish, krill, squid, offal , and waste from vessels.

Context: what is the sub-species of the second bird you mentioned?

Context: "L. d. dominicanus" and  "L. d. vetula" .

Context: can you please describe the third bird that you mentioned?

Context: A very large white gull with dark wings and back, and a very thick red-tipped yellow bill.

Context: what efforts are being made to conserve the original bird?

Context: It is a species of least concern, as the population is large and appears to be growing.

Context: what relation does it have with humans?

Context: They were used as food, and their feathers were used for decorative purposes and were also worn by the important members of the Māori tribe.

Context: do you know where is this tribe located?

Context: Mainland New Zealand.

Context: what is their language?

Context: The Māori language.

Context: what is their population?

Context: 775,836 people as per the 2018 New Zealand census.

Context: are there any other birds used by this tribe in their culture?

Context: In the Archaic period of Māori settlement large birds like moa were consumed.

Context: does the bird you just mentioned still live?

Context: No, it is now extinct.

Context: what did it eat?

Context: Different plant species and plant parts, including fibrous twigs and leaves taken from low trees and shrubs.

Question: how did it reproduce?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Moa [SEP] Diet


Question: where are electrons found in an atom and what electrical charge and mass do they have

Answer: An electron can be "bound" to the nucleus of an atom by the attractive Coulomb force.  If the number of electrons is different from the nucleus' electrical charge, such an atom is called an ion.

Electron [SEP] Atoms and molecules

An electron can be "bound" to the nucleus of an atom by the attractive Coulomb force. A system of one or more electrons bound to a nucleus is called an atom. If the number of electrons is different from the nucleus' electrical charge, such an atom is called an ion. The wave-like behavior of a bound electron is described by a function called an atomic orbital. Each orbital has its own set of quantum numbers such as energy, angular momentum and projection of angular momentum, and only a discrete set of these orbitals exist around the nucleus. According to the Pauli exclusion principle each orbital can be occupied by up to two electrons, which must differ in their spin quantum number.


Context: where are electrons found in an atom and what electrical charge and mass do they have

Context: An electron can be "bound" to the nucleus of an atom by the attractive Coulomb force.  If the number of electrons is different from the nucleus' electrical charge, such an atom is called an ion.

Question: which theory explains or is based on this?

Answer: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Explanation: Quantum Theory

Electron [SEP] Quantum mechanics

In his 1924 dissertation "" (Research on Quantum Theory), French physicist Louis de Broglie hypothesized that all matter can be represented as a de Broglie wave in the manner of light. That is, under the appropriate conditions, electrons and other matter would show properties of either particles or waves. The corpuscular properties of a particle are demonstrated when it is shown to have a localized position in space along its trajectory at any given moment. The wave-like nature of light is displayed, for example, when a beam of light is passed through parallel slits thereby creating interference patterns. In 1927, George Paget Thomson discovered the interference effect was produced when a beam of electrons was passed through thin metal foils and by American physicists Clinton Davisson and Lester Germer by the reflection of electrons from a crystal of nickel.


Context: which theory explains or is based on this?

Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Question: what exactly is the part of the atom mentioned above, initially?

Answer: The electron is a subatomic particle, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.

Electron [SEP] Introduction

The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol or , whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge. Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family, and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure. The electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton. Quantum mechanical properties of the electron include an intrinsic angular momentum (spin) of a half-integer value, expressed in units of the reduced Planck constant, "ħ". Being fermions, no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state, in accordance with the Pauli exclusion principle.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: what exactly is the part of the atom mentioned above, initially?

Context: The electron is a subatomic particle, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.

Question: who discovered that it has two charges?

Answer: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Electron [SEP] Discovery of two kinds of charges

In the early 1700s, French chemist Charles François du Fay found that if a charged gold-leaf is repulsed by glass rubbed with silk, then the same charged gold-leaf is attracted by amber rubbed with wool. From this and other results of similar types of experiments, du Fay concluded that electricity consists of two electrical fluids, "vitreous" fluid from glass rubbed with silk and "resinous" fluid from amber rubbed with wool. These two fluids can neutralize each other when combined. American scientist Ebenezer Kinnersley later also independently reached the same conclusion. A decade later Benjamin Franklin proposed that electricity was not from different types of electrical fluid, but a single electrical fluid showing an excess (+) or deficit (−).


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Question: what is this particle mentioned above?

Answer: Subatomic particles are smaller than atoms. They can be composite particles, such as the neutron and proton; or elementary particles, which according to the standard model are not made of other particles.

Subatomic particle [SEP] Introduction

In the physical sciences, subatomic particles are smaller than atoms. They can be composite particles, such as the neutron and proton; or elementary particles, which according to the standard model are not made of other particles. Particle physics and nuclear physics study these particles and how they interact. The concept of a subatomic particle was refined when experiments showed that light could behave like a stream of particles (called photons) as well as exhibiting wave-like properties. This led to the concept of wave–particle duality to reflect that quantum-scale behave like both particles and waves (they are sometimes described as wavicles to reflect this).


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: Subatomic particles are smaller than atoms. They can be composite particles, such as the neutron and proton; or elementary particles, which according to the standard model are not made of other particles.

Question: what method is used to divide the atom?

Answer: Nuclear physics

Subatomic particle [SEP] Dividing an atom

Nuclear physics deals with how protons and neutrons arrange themselves in nuclei. The study of subatomic particles, atoms and molecules, and their structure and interactions, requires quantum mechanics. Analyzing processes that change the numbers and types of particles requires quantum field theory. The study of subatomic particles "per se" is called particle physics. The term "high-energy physics" is nearly synonymous to "particle physics" since creation of particles requires high energies: it occurs only as a result of cosmic rays, or in particle accelerators. Particle phenomenology systematizes the knowledge about subatomic particles obtained from these experiments.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Question: where was the chemist mentioned above born?

Answer: France

Explanation: French chemist

Charles François de Cisternay du Fay [SEP] Introduction

Charles François de Cisternay du Fay (14 September 1698 – 16 July 1739) was a French chemist and superintendent of the Jardin du Roi. He discovered the existence of two types of electricity and named them "vitreous" and "resinous" (later known as positive and negative charge respectively). He noted the difference between conductors and insulators, calling them 'electrics' and 'non-electrics' for their ability to produce contact electrification. He also discovered that alike-charged objects would repel each other and that unlike-charged objects attract. He also disproved certain misconceptions regarding electric charge, such as that of Dr. Stephen Gray who believed that electric properties of a body depended on its colour.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: where was the chemist mentioned above born?

Context: France

Question: did he publish any books?

Answer: Yes, All Du Fay's publications appeared in the journal "Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences: avec les mémoires de mathématique & de physique pour les mêmes années"

Explanation: All Du Fay's publications appeared in the journal "Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences: avec les mémoires de mathématique & de physique pour les mêmes années"

Charles François de Cisternay du Fay [SEP] Publications


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: Yes, All Du Fay's publications appeared in the journal "Histoire de l'Académie Royale des Sciences: avec les mémoires de mathématique & de physique pour les mêmes années"

Question: who are some well -known scientists in the branch of physics mentioned above?

Answer: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Nuclear physics [SEP] Rutherford's team discovers the nucleus

In 1906, Ernest Rutherford published "Radiation of the α Particle from Radium in passing through matter." Hans Geiger expanded on this work in a communication to the Royal Society with experiments he and Rutherford had done, passing alpha particles through air, aluminum foil and gold leaf. More work was published in 1909 by Geiger and Ernest Marsden, and further greatly expanded work was published in 1910 by Geiger. In 1911–1912 Rutherford went before the Royal Society to explain the experiments and propound the new theory of the atomic nucleus as we now understand it. The key experiment behind this announcement was performed in 1910, at the University of Manchester: Ernest Rutherford's team performed a remarkable experiment in which Geiger and Marsden under Rutherford's supervision fired alpha particles (helium nuclei) at a thin film of gold foil.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: who are some well -known scientists in the branch of physics mentioned above?

Context: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Question: what was the former's contribution to this field of study?

Answer: He came to be known as the father of nuclear physics. He discovered the concept of radioactive half-life, the radioactive element radon, and differentiated and named alpha and beta radiation.

Explanation:
 came to be known as the father of nuclear physics. "Encyclopædia Britannica" considers him to be the greatest experimentalist since Michael Faraday (1791–1867).

In early work, Rutherford discovered the concept of radioactive half-life, the radioactive element radon, and differentiated and named alpha and beta radiation.

Ernest Rutherford [SEP] Introduction

Rutherford moved in 1907 to the Victoria University of Manchester (today University of Manchester) in the UK, where he and Thomas Royds proved that alpha radiation is helium nuclei. Rutherford performed his most famous work after he became a Nobel laureate. In 1911, although he could not prove that it was positive or negative, he theorized that atoms have their charge concentrated in a very small nucleus, and thereby pioneered the Rutherford model of the atom, through his discovery and interpretation of Rutherford scattering by the gold foil experiment of Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden. He performed the first artificially induced nuclear reaction in 1917 in experiments where nitrogen nuclei were bombarded with alpha particles.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Context: what was the former's contribution to this field of study?

Context: He came to be known as the father of nuclear physics. He discovered the concept of radioactive half-life, the radioactive element radon, and differentiated and named alpha and beta radiation.

Question: has he been honored in any way for his work?

Answer: Yes, he was awarded the Hector Memorial Medal.

Ernest Rutherford [SEP] Later years and honours

Rutherford was knighted in 1914. During World War I, he worked on a top secret project to solve the practical problems of submarine detection by sonar. In 1916, he was awarded the Hector Memorial Medal. In 1919, he returned to the Cavendish succeeding J. J. Thomson as the Cavendish professor and Director. Under him, Nobel Prizes were awarded to James Chadwick for discovering the neutron (in 1932), John Cockcroft and Ernest Walton for an experiment which was to be known as "splitting the atom" using a particle accelerator, and Edward Appleton for demonstrating the existence of the ionosphere. In 1925, Rutherford pushed calls to the New Zealand Government to support education and research, which led to the formation of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) in the following year.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Context: has he been honored in any way for his work?

Context: Yes, he was awarded the Hector Memorial Medal.

Question: where did he live during his childhood?

Answer: New Zealand

Ernest Rutherford [SEP] Early life and education

Ernest Rutherford was the son of James Rutherford, a farmer, and his wife Martha Thompson, originally from Hornchurch, Essex, England. James had emigrated to New Zealand from Perth, Scotland, "to raise a little flax and a lot of children". Ernest was born at Brightwater, near Nelson, New Zealand. His first name was mistakenly spelled 'Earnest' when his birth was registered. Rutherford's mother Martha Thompson was a schoolteacher. He studied at Havelock School and then Nelson College and won a scholarship to study at Canterbury College, University of New Zealand, where he participated in the debating society and played rugby. After gaining his BA, MA and BSc, and doing two years of research during which he invented a new form of radio receiver, in 1895 Rutherford was awarded an 1851 Research Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, to travel to England for postgraduate study at the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Context: where did he live during his childhood?

Context: New Zealand

Question: which university did he go to?

Answer: University of New Zealand, University of Cambridge.

Explanation: University of New Zealand, where he participated in the debating society and played rugby. After gaining his BA, MA and BSc, and doing two years of research during which he invented a new form of radio receiver, in 1895 Rutherford was awarded an 1851 Research Fellowship from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, to travel to England for postgraduate study at the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge.

He was to replace Hugh Longbourne Callendar who held the chair of Macdonald Professor of physics and was coming to Cambridge. Rutherford was accepted, which meant that in 1900 he could marry Mary Georgina Newton (1876–1954) to whom he had become engaged before leaving New Zealand; they married at St Paul's Anglican Church, Papanui in Christchurch, they had one daughter, Eileen Mary (1901–1930), who married the physicist Ralph Fowler. In 1901, Rutherford gained a DSc from the University of New Zealand. In 1907, he returned to Britain to take the chair of physics at the Victoria University of Manchester.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Context: where did he live during his childhood?

Context: New Zealand

Context: which university did he go to?

Context: University of New Zealand, University of Cambridge.

Question: where is the latter located?

Answer: Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Explanation: Cambridge, United Kingdom.

University of Cambridge [SEP] Introduction

The University of Cambridge (legal name: The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge) is a collegiate research university in Cambridge, United Kingdom. Founded in 1209 and granted a royal charter by King Henry III in 1231, Cambridge is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's fourth-oldest surviving university. The university grew out of an association of scholars who left the University of Oxford after a dispute with the townspeople. The two English ancient universities share many common features and are often referred to jointly as "Oxbridge". Cambridge is formed from a variety of institutions which include 31 semi-autonomous constituent colleges and over 150 academic departments, faculties and other institutions organised into six schools.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Context: where did he live during his childhood?

Context: New Zealand

Context: which university did he go to?

Context: where is the latter located?

Context: Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Question: when was it founded?

Answer: 1209

Cambridge [SEP] Introduction

Cambridge ( ) is a university city and the county town of Cambridgeshire, England, on the River Cam approximately north of London. At the United Kingdom Census 2011, the population of the Cambridge built-up area (which is larger than the remit of Cambridge City Council) was 158,434 including 29,327 students. Cambridge became an important trading centre during the Roman and Viking ages, and there is archaeological evidence of settlement in the area as early as the Bronze Age. The first town charters were granted in the 12th century, although modern city status was not officially conferred until 1951. The University of Cambridge was founded in 1209.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Context: where did he live during his childhood?

Context: New Zealand

Context: which university did he go to?

Context: where is the latter located?

Context: Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Context: when was it founded?

Question: have any famous people graduated from this college?

Answer: J. E. Littlewood, Srinivasa Ramanujan, W. V. D. Hodge

University of Cambridge [SEP] Mathematics and mathematical physics

However, some famous students, such as G. H. Hardy, disliked the system, feeling that people were too interested in accumulating marks in exams and not interested in the subject itself. Pure mathematics at Cambridge in the 19th century achieved great things, but also missed out on substantial developments in French and German mathematics. Pure mathematical research at Cambridge finally reached the highest international standard in the early 20th century, thanks above all to G. H. Hardy, his collaborator J. E. Littlewood and Srinivasa Ramanujan. In geometry, W. V. D. Hodge brought Cambridge onto the international mainstream in the 1930s. Although diversified in its research and teaching interests, Cambridge today maintains its strength in mathematics.


Context: Atomic Theory, Quantum Theory

Context: who discovered that it has two charges?

Context: French chemist Charles François du Fay

Context: what is this particle mentioned above?

Context: what method is used to divide the atom?

Context: Nuclear physics

Context: France

Context: did he publish any books?

Context: Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger

Context: where did he live during his childhood?

Context: New Zealand

Context: which university did he go to?

Context: where is the latter located?

Context: Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Context: when was it founded?

Context: have any famous people graduated from this college?

Context: J. E. Littlewood, Srinivasa Ramanujan, W. V. D. Hodge

Question: who is the second person?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Examination in mathematics was once compulsory for all undergraduates studying for the Bachelor of Arts degree, the main first degree at Cambridge in both arts and sciences. From the time of Isaac Newton in the later 17th century until the mid-19th century, the university maintained an especially strong emphasis on applied mathematics, particularly mathematical physics. The exam is known as a Tripos. Students awarded first-class honours after completing the mathematics Tripos are termed wranglers, and the top student among them is the Senior Wrangler. The Cambridge Mathematical Tripos is competitive and has helped produce some of the most famous names in British science, including James Clerk Maxwell, Lord Kelvin and Lord Rayleigh.


Question: who wrote the lyrics for the grateful dead

Answer: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Explanation: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Robert Hunter (lyricist) [SEP] Introduction

Robert C. Christie Hunter (born Robert Burns, June 23, 1941 – September 23, 2019) was an American lyricist, singer-songwriter, translator, and poet, best known for his work with the Grateful Dead. Born near San Luis Obispo, California, Hunter spent some time in his childhood in foster homes, as a result of his father's abandoning his family, and took refuge in reading and writing. He attended the University of Connecticut for a year before returning to Palo Alto, where he became friends with Jerry Garcia. Garcia and Hunter began a collaboration that lasted through the remainder of Garcia's life. Garcia and others formed the Grateful Dead in 1965, and some time later began working with lyrics that Hunter had written.


Context: who wrote the lyrics for the grateful dead

Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Question: who is he?

Answer: American lyricist, singer-songwriter, translator, and poet

Explanation: American lyricist, singer-songwriter, translator, and poet


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: American lyricist, singer-songwriter, translator, and poet

Question: name few of his solo numbers?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who did he marry?

Answer: Artist Maureen Hunter

Explanation: artist Maureen Hunter

Robert Hunter (lyricist) [SEP] Personal life and death

Hunter married artist Maureen Hunter in 1982, and they had three children. Although an early member of the Church of Scientology, by 1999, Hunter no longer belonged to the organization. In 2013, he was compelled to go on a solo tour as a result of medical bills, after surviving a spinal cord abscess in the previous year. Hunter died at his home in San Rafael, California on September 23, 2019. He had recent surgery before his death. Upon hearing news of his demise, tributes and remembrances were shared from his former bandmates Bob Weir, Mickey Hart, Bill Kreutzmann, and Phil Lesh, alongside other musicians Jim Lauderdale, Trey Anastasio, John Mayer, Oteil Burbridge and Warren Haynes.


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Question: mention few rewards he won?

Answer: Lifetime Achievement Award, Inducted to Songwriters Hall of Fame

Explanation: Songwriters Hall of Fame

Robert Hunter (lyricist) [SEP] Awards and legacy

When the Grateful Dead were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994, Hunter was included as a band member, the only non-performer to ever be so honored. In 2013, Hunter received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Americana Music Association. He performed "Ripple" from the Grateful Dead's album "American Beauty". In 2015, Hunter and Garcia were inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. Hunter accepted the award along with Garcia's daughter, Trixie Garcia, accepting on behalf of her father. Hunter once again performed "Ripple". Hunter said his "pretty much" favorite line he wrote was in "Ripple": "Let it be known there is a fountain that was not made by the hands of men".


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: Lifetime Achievement Award, Inducted to Songwriters Hall of Fame

Question: what is the second?

Answer: American institution

Explanation: American institution

Songwriters Hall of Fame [SEP] Introduction

The Songwriters Hall of Fame (SHOF) is an American institution founded in 1969 by songwriter Johnny Mercer, music publisher/songwriter Abe Olman and publisher/executive Howie Richmond to honor those whose work represents and maintains the heritage and legacy of a spectrum of the most beloved English language songs from the world's popular music songbook. It not only celebrates these established songwriters, but is also involved in the development of new English language songwriting talent through workshops, showcases and scholarships. There are many programs designed to teach and discover new English language songwriters. Nile Rodgers serves as the organization's chairman. The Hall of Fame has only existed since 2010, when it was first put on display online inside the Grammy Museum at L.A.


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Question: who founded it ?

Answer: Johnny Mercer

Explanation: Johnny Mercer


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Context: who founded it ?

Context: Johnny Mercer

Question: who is he?

Answer: American lyricist, songwriter, and singer

Johnny Mercer [SEP] Introduction

John Herndon Mercer (November 18, 1909 – June 25, 1976) was an American lyricist, songwriter, and singer. He was also a record label executive who co-founded Capitol Records with music industry businessman Buddy DeSylva and Glenn E. Wallichs. He is best known as a Tin Pan Alley lyricist, but he also composed music. He was also a popular singer who recorded his own songs as well as songs written by others from the mid-1930s through the mid-1950s. Mercer's songs were among the most popular hits of the time, including "Moon River", "Days of Wine and Roses", "Autumn Leaves", and "Hooray for Hollywood".


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Context: who founded it ?

Context: Johnny Mercer

Context: who is he?

Context: American lyricist, songwriter, and singer

Question: what he did in his early career?

Answer: Mercer's first few jobs were as a bit actor

Johnny Mercer [SEP] Starting out

Mercer moved to New York in 1928, when he was 19. The music he loved, jazz and blues, was booming in Harlem and Broadway was bursting with musicals and revues from George Gershwin, Cole Porter, and Irving Berlin. Vaudeville, though beginning to fade, was still a strong musical presence. Mercer's first few jobs were as a bit actor (billed as John Mercer). Holed up in a Greenwich Village apartment with plenty of time on his hands and a beat-up piano to play, Mercer soon returned to singing and lyric writing. He secured a day job at a brokerage house and sang at night.


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Context: who founded it ?

Context: Johnny Mercer

Context: who is he?

Context: what he did in his early career?

Context: Mercer's first few jobs were as a bit actor

Question: any awards he won?

Answer: Four Academy Awards

Explanation: Mercer won four Academy Awards

Johnny Mercer [SEP] Academy Awards

Mercer won four Academy Awards on eighteen nominations for Best Original Song: Mercer was also nominated for Best Original Song Score for the 1970 Mancini collaboration "Darling Lili".


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Context: who founded it ?

Context: Johnny Mercer

Context: who is he?

Context: what he did in his early career?

Context: any awards he won?

Context: Four Academy Awards

Question: is this awards known as something else ?

Answer: Yes, also  popularly known as the Oscars

Explanation: popularly known as the Oscars

Academy Awards [SEP] Introduction

The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, are awards for artistic and technical merit in the film industry. It is regarded as the most famous and prestigious awards in the entertainment industry. Given annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), the awards are an international recognition of excellence in cinematic achievements, as assessed by the Academy's voting membership. The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the "Academy Award of Merit", although more commonly referred to by its nickname, the "Oscar". The statuette depicts a knight rendered in the Art Deco style.


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Context: who founded it ?

Context: Johnny Mercer

Context: who is he?

Context: what he did in his early career?

Context: any awards he won?

Context: Four Academy Awards

Context: is this awards known as something else ?

Context: Yes, also  popularly known as the Oscars

Question: who made this award statue?

Answer: George Stanley

Explanation: George Stanley

Academy Awards [SEP] Introduction

The award was originally sculpted by George Stanley from a design sketch by Cedric Gibbons. AMPAS first presented it in 1929 at a private dinner hosted by Douglas Fairbanks in the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel in what would become known as the 1st Academy Awards. The Academy Awards ceremony was first broadcast by radio in 1930 and was televised for the first time in 1953. It is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and is now televised live worldwide. It is also the oldest of the four major annual American entertainment awards; its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music – are modeled after the Academy Awards.


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Context: who founded it ?

Context: Johnny Mercer

Context: who is he?

Context: what he did in his early career?

Context: any awards he won?

Context: Four Academy Awards

Context: who made this award statue?

Context: George Stanley

Question: who was he?

Answer: Canadian historian, author, soldier, teacher, public servant, and designer of the Canadian flag.

George Stanley [SEP] Introduction

Colonel George Francis Gillman Stanley (July 6, 1907September 13, 2002) was a Canadian historian, author, soldier, teacher, public servant, and designer of the Canadian flag.


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Context: who founded it ?

Context: Johnny Mercer

Context: who is he?

Context: what he did in his early career?

Context: any awards he won?

Context: Four Academy Awards

Context: who made this award statue?

Context: George Stanley

Context: who was he?

Context: Canadian historian, author, soldier, teacher, public servant, and designer of the Canadian flag.

Question: how is he associated with the flag of canada?

Answer: Stanley wrote a formal four-page memorandum to John Matheson, a member of the multi-party parliamentary flag committee, suggesting that the new flag of Canada should be instantly recognizable, use traditional colours, and be a simple design. He included a rough sketch of his design in the memorandum.

George Stanley [SEP] Designer of the Canadian Flag

On 23 March 1964, Stanley wrote a formal four-page memorandum to John Matheson, a member of the multi-party parliamentary flag committee, suggesting that the new flag of Canada should be instantly recognizable, use traditional colours, and be a simple design. He included a rough sketch of his design in the memorandum. Stanley had become friends with Matheson in Kingston, Ontario, where their children learned Scottish dancing together. Two months before the Great Flag Debate erupted on 17 May 1964 with Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson's courageous—or strategic—speech at the Royal Canadian Legion's national convention in Winnipeg, Matheson had paid a visit to Stanley at Royal Military College of Canada.


Context: Robert C. Christie Hunter

Context: who is he?

Context: name few of his solo numbers?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who did he marry?

Context: Artist Maureen Hunter

Context: mention few rewards he won?

Context: what is the second?

Context: American institution

Context: who founded it ?

Context: Johnny Mercer

Context: who is he?

Context: what he did in his early career?

Context: any awards he won?

Context: Four Academy Awards

Context: who made this award statue?

Context: George Stanley

Context: who was he?

Context: how is he associated with the flag of canada?

Context: Stanley wrote a formal four-page memorandum to John Matheson, a member of the multi-party parliamentary flag committee, suggesting that the new flag of Canada should be instantly recognizable, use traditional colours, and be a simple design. He included a rough sketch of his design in the memorandum.

Question: did he receive any privileged degrees or awards?

Answer: Officer of the Order of Canada, honorary degrees recipient, Honorary Fellow of the Royal Heraldry Society of Canada

George Stanley [SEP] Honours

In 1976, George Stanley was made an Officer of the Order of Canada and was promoted to Companion in 1994. He was also the recipient of twelve honorary degrees (Laval, Mount Allison, St. Dunstan's, Alberta, Royal Military College, St. Francis Xavier, University of New Brunswick, Dalhousie, Calgary, Ottawa, Moncton and St. Thomas), in addition to his five earned degrees. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) and of the Royal Historical Society (FRHistS). In 1983, he was made an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Heraldry Society of Canada (FRHSC). In 1950, he was awarded the Royal Society of Canada's J.


Question: what was the main purpose for writing the declaration of independence

Answer: It was a formal explanation of why Congress had voted to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War.

United States Declaration of Independence [SEP] Introduction

The Lee Resolution for independence was passed by the Second Continental Congress on July 2 with no opposing votes. The Committee of Five had drafted the Declaration to be ready when Congress voted on independence. John Adams, a leader in pushing for independence, had persuaded the committee to select Thomas Jefferson to compose the original draft of the document, which Congress edited to produce the final version. The Declaration was a formal explanation of why Congress had voted to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War. Adams wrote to his wife Abigail, "The Second Day of July 1776, will be the most memorable Epocha, in the History of America" – although Independence Day is actually celebrated on July 4, the date that the wording of the Declaration of Independence was approved.


Context: what was the main purpose for writing the declaration of independence

Context: It was a formal explanation of why Congress had voted to declare independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War.

Question: when did the war start?

Answer: 19 April 1775

Explanation: Fighting broke out on 19 April 1775

American Revolutionary War [SEP] Introduction

When Parliament answered with punitive measures on Massachusetts, twelve colonies responded with the First Continental Congress to boycott British goods. Fighting broke out on 19 April 1775 when the British garrison at Boston were sent to destroy a colonial Assembly powder-house and were harassed by local militia at Lexington and Concord. In June the Second Continental Congress appointed George Washington to create a Continental Army and oversee the capture of Boston. When their Olive Branch Petition to King and Parliament was rejected, the Patriots attacked British Quebec but failed. In July 1776, Congress unanimously passed the Declaration of Independence. Hopes of a quick settlement were supported by American sympathizers within Parliament who opposed Tory Prime Minister Lord North's "coercion policy" in the colonies.


Context: when did the war start?

Context: 19 April 1775

Question: where?

Answer: Lexington and Concord

Explanation: Fighting broke out on 19 April 1775 when the British garrison at Boston were sent to destroy a colonial Assembly powder-house and were harassed by local militia at Lexington and Concord.


Context: when did the war start?

Context: 19 April 1775

Context: where?

Context: Lexington and Concord

Question: who all were there a part of it?

Answer: The thirteen original colonies in Congress against Great Britain

The American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was initiated by the thirteen original colonies in Congress against Great Britain over their objection to Parliament's direct taxation and its lack of colonial representation. From their founding in the 1600s, the colonies were largely left to govern themselves. When France left North America in 1763, the British Empire expanded, and the elected part of the colonial legislatures challenged how the new expenses should be paid. The new 1765 Stamp Act and 1767-1768 Townshend Acts provoked colonial opposition and unrest, leading to the 1770 Boston Massacre and 1773 Boston Tea Party.


Context: when did the war start?

Context: 19 April 1775

Context: where?

Context: Lexington and Concord

Context: who all were there a part of it?

Context: The thirteen original colonies in Congress against Great Britain

Question: which language is spoken in the above mentioned country?

Answer: British English, Scots, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic, etc.

Explanation: British English is spoken in the present day across the island, and developed from the Old English brought to the island by Anglo-Saxon settlers from the mid 5th century. Some 1.5 million people speak Scots—an indigenous language of Scotland. An estimated 700,000 people speak Welsh, an official language in Wales. In parts of north west Scotland, Scottish Gaelic remains widely spoken. There are various regional dialects of English, and numerous languages spoken by some immigrant populations.

Great Britain [SEP] Language


Context: when did the war start?

Context: 19 April 1775

Context: where?

Context: Lexington and Concord

Context: who all were there a part of it?

Context: which language is spoken in the above mentioned country?

Context: British English, Scots, Welsh, Scottish Gaelic, etc.

Question: where all it had it's colonies?

Answer: New England colonies, colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and colonies in Canada, Florida, and the Caribbean.

Explanation: The New England colonies (Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island and New Hampshire), as well as the colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania, were founded primarily for religious beliefs, while the other colonies were founded for business and economic expansion. All thirteen were part of Britain's possessions in the New World, which also included colonies in Canada, Florida, and the Caribbean.

Thirteen Colonies [SEP] Introduction

The French and Indian War (1754–1763) against France and its Indian allies led to growing tensions between Britain and the Thirteen Colonies. During the 1750s, the colonies began collaborating with one another instead of dealing directly with Britain. These inter-colonial activities cultivated a sense of shared American identity and led to calls for protection of the colonists' "Rights as Englishmen", especially the principle of "no taxation without representation". Conflicts with the British government over taxes and rights led to the American Revolution, in which the colonies worked together to form the Continental Congress. The colonists fought the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) with the aid of the Kingdom of France and, to a much smaller degree, the Dutch Republic and the Kingdom of Spain.


Context: when did the war start?

Context: 19 April 1775

Context: where?

Context: Lexington and Concord

Context: who all were there a part of it?

Context: where all it had it's colonies?

Context: New England colonies, colonies of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and colonies in Canada, Florida, and the Caribbean.

Question: what are its geographical specialities?

Answer: It lies on the European continental shelf, part of the Eurasian Plate.

Great Britain [SEP] Geography

Great Britain lies on the European continental shelf, part of the Eurasian Plate. Situated off the north-west coast of continental Europe, it is separated from the mainland by the North Sea and by the English Channel, which narrows to at the Straits of Dover. It stretches over about ten degrees of latitude on its longer, north–south axis and occupies an area of , excluding the smaller surrounding islands. The North Channel, Irish Sea, St George's Channel and Celtic Sea separate the island from the island of Ireland to its west. The island is physically connected with continental Europe via the Channel Tunnel, the longest undersea rail tunnel in the world, completed in 1993.


Context: when did the war start?

Context: 19 April 1775

Context: where?

Context: Lexington and Concord

Context: who all were there a part of it?

Context: where all it had it's colonies?

Context: what are its geographical specialities?

Context: It lies on the European continental shelf, part of the Eurasian Plate.

Question: does it have any mountains?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Great Britain [SEP] Geography


Context: when did the war start?

Context: 19 April 1775

Context: where?

Context: Lexington and Concord

Context: who all were there a part of it?

Context: where all it had it's colonies?

Context: what are its geographical specialities?

Context: does it have any mountains?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: can you name some animals that can be seen here?

Answer: European beaver, squirrels, mice, red fox, etc.

Explanation:
 However, some species, such as the brown rat, red fox, and introduced grey squirrel, are well adapted to urban areas.

Rodents make up 40% of the mammal species. These include squirrels, mice, voles, rats and the recently reintroduced European beaver. There is also an abundance of European rabbit, European hare, shrews, European mole and several species of bat. Carnivorous mammals include the red fox, Eurasian badger, Eurasian otter, weasel, stoat and elusive Scottish wildcat.

Great Britain [SEP] Fauna

Other well known bird species include the golden eagle, grey heron, common kingfisher, common wood pigeon, house sparrow, European robin, grey partridge, and various species of crow, finch, gull, auk, grouse, owl and falcon. There are six species of reptile on the island; three snakes and three lizards including the legless slowworm. One snake, the adder, is venomous but rarely deadly. Amphibians present are frogs, toads and newts. There are also several introduced species of reptile and amphibian.


Context: when did the war start?

Context: 19 April 1775

Context: where?

Context: Lexington and Concord

Context: who all were there a part of it?

Context: where all it had it's colonies?

Context: what are its geographical specialities?

Context: does it have any mountains?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: can you name some animals that can be seen here?

Context: European beaver, squirrels, mice, red fox, etc.

Question: which is the most common religion followed there?

Answer: Christianity

Great Britain [SEP] Religion

Christianity has been the largest religion by number of adherents since the Early Middle Ages: it was introduced under the ancient Romans, developing as Celtic Christianity. According to tradition, Christianity arrived in the 1st or 2nd century. The most popular form is Anglicanism (known as Episcopalism in Scotland). Dating from the 16th-century Reformation, it regards itself as both Catholic and Reformed. The Head of the Church is the monarch of the United Kingdom, as the Supreme Governor. It has the status of established church in England. There are just over 26 million adherents to Anglicanism in Britain today, although only around one million regularly attend services.


Question: who has been the only lok sabha speaker to have become the president of india

Answer: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Explanation: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy [SEP] Introduction

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (19 May 1913 – 1 June 1996) was the sixth President of India, serving from 1977 to 1982. Beginning a long political career with the Indian National Congress Party in the Indian independence movement, he went on to hold several key offices in independent India—as the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, a two-time Speaker of the Lok Sabha and a Union Minister—before becoming the youngest-ever Indian president. Born in present-day Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, Reddy completed his schooling at Adayar and joined the Government Arts College at Anantapur. He quit to become an Indian independence activist and was jailed for participating in the Quit India Movement.


Context: who has been the only lok sabha speaker to have become the president of india

Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Question: when did he become the president?

Answer: 21 July 1977

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy [SEP] President of India

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was elected on 21 July 1977 and was sworn in as the sixth President of India on 25 July 1977. Reddy worked with three governments, with Prime Ministers Morarji Desai, Charan Singh and Indira Gandhi. Reddy announced, on the eve of India's thirtieth anniversary of Independence, that he would be moving out of the Rashtrapati Bhawan to a smaller accommodation and that he would be taking a 70 percent pay cut in solidarity with India's impoverished masses.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Question: whom did he defeat in the election?

Answer: The presidential election of 1977 was necessitated by the death in office of the incumbent Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed. Reddy was elected unopposed

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy [SEP] Presidential election of 1977

The presidential election of 1977 was necessitated by the death in office of the incumbent Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed. Although Prime Minister Morarji Desai wanted to nominate danseuse Rukmini Devi Arundale for the post, she turned down the offer. Reddy was elected unopposed, the only President to be elected thus, after being unanimously supported by all political parties including the opposition Congress party. At 64, he became the youngest ever person to be elected President of India. He was also the only serious presidential candidate to have contested twice – in 1969 against V V Giri and in 1977. 37 candidates had filed their nominations for the presidency of whom 36 were rejected by the returning officer.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: The presidential election of 1977 was necessitated by the death in office of the incumbent Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed. Reddy was elected unopposed

Question: who was the prime minister then?

Answer: Morarji Desai

Explanation: Morarji Desai


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Question: which political party did he represent?

Answer: Janata Party

Morarji Desai [SEP] Janata wave of 1977

The popular anti-corruption movement led by Jayaprakash Narayan and the Janata-wave in 1977 led to the complete routing of the Congress party in Northern India, and a landslide victory for the opposition Janata alliance in the National elections held in March 1977. Morarji Desai was selected by the Janata alliance, later Janata Party as their parliamentary leader, and thus became the first non-Congress Prime Minister of India.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Question: where did he study?

Answer: He graduated from Wilson College, Mumbai.

Explanation: graduating from Wilson College, Mumbai,

Morarji Desai [SEP] School education and early career

Desai underwent his primary schooling in The Kundla School (now called J.V. Modi school), Savarkundla and later joined Bai Ava Bai High School, Valsad. After graduating from Wilson College, Mumbai, he joined the civil service in Gujarat. Desai resigned as deputy collector of Godhra in May 1930 after being found guilty of going soft on Hindus during the riots of 1927-28 there.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: He graduated from Wilson College, Mumbai.

Question: what policy did he follow with the foreign nations?

Answer: Desai restored normal relations with China, for the first time since the 1962 war. He also communicated with the military ruler of Pakistan, General Zia-ul-Haq and established friendly relations.

Morarji Desai [SEP] Foreign policy

Desai restored normal relations with China, for the first time since the 1962 war. He also communicated with the military ruler of Pakistan, General Zia-ul-Haq and established friendly relations.Despite his pacifist leanings, he refused to sign the non-nuclear proliferation treaty despite the threat of stopping supply of uranium for power plants by the USA Congress.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: what policy did he follow with the foreign nations?

Context: Desai restored normal relations with China, for the first time since the 1962 war. He also communicated with the military ruler of Pakistan, General Zia-ul-Haq and established friendly relations.

Question: when did he retire?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Morarji Desai [SEP] Foreign policy


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: was he into any charity work?

Answer: Morarji Desai was a Gandhian follower, social worker, institution builder and a great reformer. He was the Chancellor of Gujarat Vidyapith.

Morarji Desai [SEP] Social service

Morarji Desai was a Gandhian follower, social worker, institution builder and a great reformer. He was the Chancellor of Gujarat Vidyapith. Even during his term as the Prime Minister he used to visit and stay at Vidyapith during the month of October. He lived simply and used to write post cards himself even when he held the office of Prime Minister. Sardar Patel deputed him to conduct meetings of farmers in Kaira district which finally led to the establishment of the Amul Cooperative movement. During his rule, he withdrew intervention in Public Distribution System and rationing shops were literally lost due to cheap sugar and oil available in the market.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: Morarji Desai was a Gandhian follower, social worker, institution builder and a great reformer. He was the Chancellor of Gujarat Vidyapith.

Question: did he lead any project related to nuclear energy?

Answer: Desai played a crucial role in the Indian nuclear program after it was targeted by major nuclear powers after India conducted a surprise nuclear test in 1974. Internationally, he reaffirmed India's stand that it would not manufacture nuclear weapons and would refrain from conducting even peaceful nuclear explosions.

Morarji Desai [SEP] Nuclear programme

Domestically, Desai played a crucial role in the Indian nuclear program after it was targeted by major nuclear powers after India conducted a surprise nuclear test in 1974. Desai kept India's nuclear reactors stating "they will never be used for atomic bombs, and I will see to it if I can help it". Internationally, he reaffirmed India's stand that it would not manufacture nuclear weapons and would refrain from conducting even peaceful nuclear explosions. In 1977, the Carter administration offered to sell heavy water and uranium to India for its nuclear reactors but required American on-site inspection of nuclear materials.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: did he lead any project related to nuclear energy?

Context: Desai played a crucial role in the Indian nuclear program after it was targeted by major nuclear powers after India conducted a surprise nuclear test in 1974. Internationally, he reaffirmed India's stand that it would not manufacture nuclear weapons and would refrain from conducting even peaceful nuclear explosions.

Question: whom was he married to?

Answer: Gujraben

Explanation: Morarji Desai married Gujraben

Morarji Desai [SEP] Personal life

Morarji Desai married Gujraben in 1911, at the age of 15. Gujraben lived to see her husband becoming Prime Minister, but she predeceased him. He has a son, Kanti Desai, and grandsons Jagdeep and Bharat Desai. Madhukeshwar Desai, one of his great-grandsons, son of Jagdeep Desai, took it upon himself to revive the legacy of his illustrious great grandfather. Madhukeshwar Desai is currently the National Vice-President of the Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha, the youth wing of the BJP. Vishaal Desai, son of Bharat Desai, is a writer and filmmaker. Desai, a longtime practitioner of 'urine therapy', spoke in 1978 to Dan Rather on "60 Minutes" about the benefits of drinking urine.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: Gujraben

Question: when was the party formed?

Answer: 23 January 1977

Janata Party [SEP] Creation

Calling elections on 18 January 1977 the government released political prisoners and weakened restrictions and censorship on the press, although the state of emergency was not officially ended. When opposition leaders sought the support of Jayaprakash Narayan for the forthcoming election, Narayan insisted that all opposition parties form a united front. The Janata party was officially launched on 23 January 1977 when the Janata Morcha, Charan Singh's Bharatiya Lok Dal, Swatantra Party, the Socialist Party of India of Raj Narain and George Fernandes, and the Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS) joined together, dissolving their separate identities (the merger of all party organisations was to be completed after the election).


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: Gujraben

Context: when was the party formed?

Context: 23 January 1977

Question: was it successful in forming a government?

Answer: Yes, Taking office as prime minister, Desai also took charge of the Ministry of Finance.

Janata Party [SEP] Government formation

To avoid a potentially divisive contest, Janata leaders asked Jayaprakash Narayan and Jivatram Kripalani to select the party's leader, pledging to abide by their choice. After a period of deliberation, Narayan and Kripalani selected Morarji Desai to become the chairman of the Janata Parliamentary Party on 24 May. Although some leaders such as George Fernandes and Jagjivan Ram hesitated to support Desai and criticised the undemocratic method of selection, Desai's position was soon confirmed and consolidated. Taking office as prime minister, Desai also took charge of the Ministry of Finance. He sought to carefully distribute important posts to satisfy Janata's different constituents and the most powerful party leaders who were rivals for his own position of leadership.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: Gujraben

Context: when was the party formed?

Context: 23 January 1977

Context: was it successful in forming a government?

Context: Yes, Taking office as prime minister, Desai also took charge of the Ministry of Finance.

Question: did it merge with bjp?

Answer: Chairman Subramanian Swamy tried to merge the Janata Party with the Bharatiya Janata Party but due to objection of Janata party members, the election commission of India have declared a separate party symbol to Janata Party.

Janata Party [SEP] Attempted merger with BJP

On 11 August 2013, party Chairman Subramanian Swamy tried to merge the Janata Party with the Bharatiya Janata Party in presence of BJP president Rajnath Singh. The announcement was made by Swamy and BJP president Rajnath Singh after they met at the latter's residence in Delhi. Former BJP president Nitin Gadkari and senior party leader Arun Jaitley were also present at the meeting. but due to objection of Janata party members, the election commission of India have declared a separate party symbol to Janata Party. At present Jay Prakash Bandhu is the president of Janata Party and Raj Kapoor Yadav is the national principal secretory of Janata Party.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: Gujraben

Context: when was the party formed?

Context: 23 January 1977

Context: did it merge with bjp?

Context: Chairman Subramanian Swamy tried to merge the Janata Party with the Bharatiya Janata Party but due to objection of Janata party members, the election commission of India have declared a separate party symbol to Janata Party.

Question: where does the chairman belong to?

Answer: Mylapore, Chennai

Explanation: Mylapore, Chennai

Subramanian Swamy [SEP] Early life and career

Subramanian Swamy was born on September 15, 1939, in Mylapore, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, to a family which hailed originally from Madurai in Tamil Nadu. He identifies him as a Brahmin. His father, Sitarama Subramanian, was a bureaucrat and his mother, Padmavathi, was a homemaker. He has one younger brother, Ram Subramanian, as well as two younger sisters. Sitarama Subramanian was an officer in the Indian Statistical Service who served as the director of the Central Statistical Institute in Delhi, and was a statistical adviser to the Government of India. The family, which hailed from Madurai in Tamil Nadu, moved to New Delhi when Swamy was only six months old.


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: Gujraben

Context: when was the party formed?

Context: 23 January 1977

Context: did it merge with bjp?

Context: where does the chairman belong to?

Context: Mylapore, Chennai

Question: has he written any books?

Answer: He has also co-authored with Paul Samuelson, a paper on the Theory of Index Numbers

Subramanian Swamy [SEP] Books, research papers and journals

Swamy is the author of several books, research papers and journals. A complete list of papers, books and journals authored by him is given below. He has also co-authored with Paul Samuelson, a paper on the Theory of Index Numbers (American Economic Review, 1974) and another in the Royal Economic Society's Economic Journal (1984).


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: Gujraben

Context: when was the party formed?

Context: 23 January 1977

Context: did it merge with bjp?

Context: where does the chairman belong to?

Context: Mylapore, Chennai

Context: has he written any books?

Context: He has also co-authored with Paul Samuelson, a paper on the Theory of Index Numbers

Question: has he faced any allegations?

Answer: Yes, Ramakrishna Hegde filed a case against him regarding phone tapping complaint.

Explanation: Swamy released a letter alleging that former intelligence chief had asked DoT to tap the phone of many politicians and businessmen in Karnataka when Ramakrishna Hegde, the then Chief Minister, resigned in 1988. Hegde then filed a case against him in 1989 and 1990.

Subramanian Swamy [SEP] Phone tapping allegation


Context: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Context: when did he become the president?

Context: 21 July 1977

Context: whom did he defeat in the election?

Context: who was the prime minister then?

Context: Morarji Desai

Context: which political party did he represent?

Context: Janata Party

Context: where did he study?

Context: when did he retire?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was he into any charity work?

Context: whom was he married to?

Context: Gujraben

Context: when was the party formed?

Context: 23 January 1977

Context: did it merge with bjp?

Context: where does the chairman belong to?

Context: Mylapore, Chennai

Context: has he written any books?

Context: has he faced any allegations?

Context: Yes, Ramakrishna Hegde filed a case against him regarding phone tapping complaint.

Question: wasn't he active in state politics?

Answer: Yes, he is well known for his critical views against the "Aryan versus Dravidian" politics of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, calling it as the theory forwarded by the British. He has been a staunch opponent of the armed rebel group Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.

Subramanian Swamy [SEP] Tamil Nadu politics

Swamy is well known for his critical views against the "Aryan versus Dravidian" politics of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, calling it as the theory forwarded by the British. He has been a staunch opponent of the armed rebel group Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. He also urged the Indian government not to support the US led resolution condemning war crimes in the Sri Lankan Civil War, citing it as one-sided and not in the interest of India. Swamy moved the court and got the order restoring quota for Sri Lankan Tamil refugees in colleges in the state. Swamy obtained Supreme Court Stay against the implementation of Sethusamudram Shipping Canal Project (SSCP).


Question: who sings somebody that i used to know originally

Answer: Gotye

Somebody That I Used to Know [SEP] Introduction

"Somebody That I Used to Know" is a song written by Belgian-Australian singer-songwriter Gotye, featuring New Zealand singer Kimbra. The song was released in Australia and New Zealand by on 5 July 2011 as the second single from Gotye's third studio album, "Making Mirrors" (2011). It was later released by Universal Music in December 2011 in the United Kingdom, and in January 2012 in the United States and Ireland. "Somebody That I Used to Know" was written and recorded by Gotye at his parents' house on the Mornington Peninsula in Victoria, Australia, and is lyrically related to the experiences he has had with relationships.


Context: who sings somebody that i used to know originally

Context: Gotye

Question: who composed it?

Answer: Gotye

Explanation:
Gotye discussed writing "Somebody That I Used to Know" in an interview with Sound on Sound:
"Somebody That I Used to Know" is an art pop song and has a length of four minutes and five seconds. Gotye uses a sample of Brazilian jazz guitarist Luiz Bonfá's 1967 instrumental song "Seville

Somebody That I Used to Know [SEP] Composition and recording

It felt weak." The track was recorded between January and May 2011 with Gotye struggling to find a suitable female vocalist, as a "'high profile' female vocalist" cancelled the collaboration at the last minute, and Kimbra "lucked out as the replacement". He tested his girlfriend, Tash Parker, but "somehow their happiness meant that it didn't work out" so he followed the recommendation of the song's mixer and used Kimbra's vocals. Martin Davies from Click Music considered the song "instantly captivating", and named Kimbra's voice "clean and sugar-soaked", further commenting that it bears an "uncanny resemblance" to singer Katy Perry. Gotye stated that the song was "definitely drawn from various experiences I've had in relationships breaking up, and in the parts of the more reflective parts of the song, in the aftermath and the memory of those different relationships and what they were and how they broke up and what's going on in everyone's minds.


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Question: is it part of any album or band?

Answer: It is the second single from Gotye's third studio album, "Making Mirrors"

Explanation: The song was released in Australia and New Zealand by on 5 July 2011 as the second single from Gotye's third studio album, "Making Mirrors" (2011)


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: It is the second single from Gotye's third studio album, "Making Mirrors"

Question: can you name any other version of it?

Answer: It has been covered by several artists including a cappella group Pentatonix, Ingrid Michaelson, The Fergies, and Sam Tsui

Somebody That I Used to Know [SEP] Cover versions and media appearances

"Somebody That I Used to Know" has been covered by several artists including a cappella group Pentatonix who created a viral YouTube video in February 2012 and released the track on their EP, "PTX Volume 1" on 26 June 2012 In addition Ingrid Michaelson, The Fergies, and Sam Tsui have covered the song. In February 2012, Rita Ora covered the song at BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge. A cover by Right the Stars featuring Karmina, which was also uploaded to YouTube, was recommended by Miley Cyrus. Dutch DJ Tiësto remixed the song for his album "". Phillip Phillips and Elise Testone covered the song on the eleventh season of "American Idol" on 11 April 2012.


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: It has been covered by several artists including a cappella group Pentatonix, Ingrid Michaelson, The Fergies, and Sam Tsui

Question: what is the musical style of the mentioned album?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: what is the musical style of the mentioned album?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: was the above singer internationally successful after launching this album?

Answer: Yes. The single "Somebody That I Used to Know" reached number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100

Gotye [SEP] Introduction

Gotye's 2011 single "Somebody That I Used to Know" reached number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100, making him the fifth Australian-based artist to do so and the second born in Belgium (after The Singing Nun in 1963). He has won five ARIA Awards and received a nomination for an MTV EMA for Best Asia and Pacific Act. On 10 February 2013, he won three Grammy Awards at the 55th Annual Grammy Awards Show: Record of the Year and Best Pop Duo/Group Performance for "Somebody That I Used to Know" and Best Alternative Music Album for "Making Mirrors". Gotye has said he sometimes feels "less of a musician, more of a tinkerer."


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: was the above singer internationally successful after launching this album?

Context: Yes. The single "Somebody That I Used to Know" reached number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100

Question: the artists who sang the cover versions; with what did the last person start his career?

Answer: He appeared on "ABC World News" singing The Jackson 5's "I'll Be There"

Sam Tsui [SEP] 2009–2010: Career beginnings

Tsui appeared on "ABC World News" on October 28, 2009, singing The Jackson 5's "I'll Be There". He went on to perform on "The Bonnie Hunt Show" in November of the same year, where he was interviewed and performed Whitney Houston's "I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)". He also appeared on "It's On with Alexa Chung", singing Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'" for the cast of American television series "Glee". Kurt Schneider produced the musical web series "College Musical", a parody of the "High School Musical" film series, in fall of 2008. Four episodes were released, with Tsui playing the lead role of Cooper.


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: the artists who sang the cover versions; with what did the last person start his career?

Context: He appeared on "ABC World News" singing The Jackson 5's "I'll Be There"

Question: where is he from?

Answer: Blue Bell, Pennsylvania

Sam Tsui [SEP] Early life and education

Tsui was born on May 2, 1989. He grew up in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, a street away from Kurt Schneider, his producer and accompanist, with whom he attended Wissahickon High School. He was active in high school musicals, including "Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat", "Urinetown", "Titanic", and "Miss Saigon". Tsui attended Yale University, where he was a member of Davenport College and The Duke's Men of Yale, an all-male acappella group. He graduated from Yale with a major in Classics (Greek) in 2011.


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is he from?

Context: Blue Bell, Pennsylvania

Question: is he related to any online platform?

Answer: Yes. He has his own YouTube channel, apart from his collaboration with Kurt Schneider

Sam Tsui [SEP] 2011–2012: YouTube and rise in popularity

In 2011, Tsui debuted his own YouTube channel, apart from his collaboration with Kurt Schneider. On February 3, 2011, Tsui was featured on Britney Spears' official website, along with his cover of "Hold It Against Me". In November 2011, he made a mashup with "It Will Rain" by Bruno Mars and "Set Fire to the Rain" by Adele. In March 2011, lyrics from Tsui's song "Start Again" was featured in the novel "Seeker" by Andy Frankham-Allen. Tsui was mentioned three times by Tom Hanks when he addressed the Yale class of 2011. Tsui was also featured in the 2010 Yale Admissions video.


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is he from?

Context: Blue Bell, Pennsylvania

Context: is he related to any online platform?

Context: Yes. He has his own YouTube channel, apart from his collaboration with Kurt Schneider

Question: who is this last person you mentioned?

Answer: His producer and accompanist

Explanation: He grew up in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, a street away from Kurt Schneider, his producer and accompanist, with whom he attended Wissahickon High School.

Sam Tsui [SEP] Early life and education


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is he from?

Context: Blue Bell, Pennsylvania

Context: is he related to any online platform?

Context: who is this last person you mentioned?

Context: His producer and accompanist

Question: who did the second cover version artist collaborate with in his life?

Answer: William Fitzsimmons and Sara Bareilles

Ingrid Michaelson [SEP] Collaborations

In 2006, Michaelson teamed up with William Fitzsimmons on his album "Goodnight," which was released that same year. Michaelson and her friend Sara Bareilles co-wrote "Winter Song" which was featured on "The Hotel Café Presents Winter Songs," a compilation of both original recordings as well as classic holiday tracks sung by a lineup of female singer-songwriters. Michaelson performed "Winter Song" with Bareilles for President Obama and his family as well as many spectators at the National Christmas Tree Lighting in December 2010. In 2011, "Winter Song" reached #2 on the Irish Singles Chart. Michaelson provided back-up vocals on 2 songs from PlayRadioPlay!'s album "Texas," including "I'm a Pirate, You're a Princess" and the title track, "Texas".


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is he from?

Context: Blue Bell, Pennsylvania

Context: is he related to any online platform?

Context: who is this last person you mentioned?

Context: His producer and accompanist

Context: who did the second cover version artist collaborate with in his life?

Context: William Fitzsimmons and Sara Bareilles

Question: for which work did he collaborate with this latter person?

Answer: They co-wrote "Winter Song"

Explanation: Michaelson and her friend Sara Bareilles co-wrote "Winter Song"

Ingrid Michaelson [SEP] Collaborations


Context: Gotye

Context: who composed it?

Context: Gotye

Context: is it part of any album or band?

Context: can you name any other version of it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where is he from?

Context: Blue Bell, Pennsylvania

Context: is he related to any online platform?

Context: who is this last person you mentioned?

Context: His producer and accompanist

Context: William Fitzsimmons and Sara Bareilles

Context: for which work did he collaborate with this latter person?

Context: They co-wrote "Winter Song"

Question: is she a part of any band?

Answer: No. But she performed with Maroon 5 and Sugarland

Sara Bareilles [SEP] Collaborations with other artists

In December 2010, Bareilles and fellow singer Ingrid Michaelson performed "Winter Song" for the Obamas and many spectators at the National Christmas Tree Lighting. In 2011, as pop rock band Maroon 5 was touring in promotion for their "Hands All Over" album, Bareilles contributed to the female vocals (originally belonging to Lady Antebellum) for the song "Out of Goodbyes". She appeared with the band Sugarland for a cover of Dexys (Midnight Runners)'s "Come on Eileen" in a YouTube exclusive.