Context: where does the term killer whale come from

Context: The genus name "Orcinus" means "of the kingdom of the dead", or "belonging to Orcus".

Question: what is this organism?

Answer: The killer whale or orca is a toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family, of which it is the largest member.

Killer whale [SEP] Introduction

The killer whale or orca ("Orcinus orca") is a toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family, of which it is the largest member. Killer whales have a diverse diet, although individual populations often specialize in particular types of prey. Some feed exclusively on fish, while others hunt marine mammals such as seals and other species of dolphin. They have been known to attack baleen whale calves, and even adult whales. Killer whales are apex predators, as no animal preys on them. A cosmopolitan species, they can be found in each of the world's oceans in a variety of marine environments, from Arctic and Antarctic regions to tropical seas, absent only from the Baltic and Black seas, and some areas of the Arctic Ocean.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: The killer whale or orca is a toothed whale belonging to the oceanic dolphin family, of which it is the largest member.

Question: what are their different varieties?

Answer: There are three to five types of killer whales

Killer whale [SEP] Types

The three to five types of killer whales may be distinct enough to be considered different races, subspecies, or possibly even species (see Species problem). The IUCN reported in 2008, "The taxonomy of this genus is clearly in need of review, and it is likely that "O. orca" will be split into a number of different species or at least subspecies over the next few years." Although large variation in the ecological distinctiveness of different killer whale groups complicate simple differentiation into types, research off the west coast of Canada and the United States in the 1970s and 1980s identified the following three types: Transients and residents live in the same areas, but avoid each other.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: what are their different varieties?

Context: There are three to five types of killer whales

Question: are they hunted?

Answer: Yes, commercial hunting of killer whales date to the 18th century

Killer whale [SEP] Whaling

The earlier of known records of commercial hunting of killer whales date to the 18th century in Japan. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, the global whaling industry caught immense numbers of baleen and sperm whales, but largely ignored killer whales because of their limited amounts of recoverable oil, their smaller populations, and the difficulty of taking them. Once the stocks of larger species were depleted, killer whales were targeted by commercial whalers in the mid-20th century. Between 1954 and 1997, Japan took 1,178 killer whales (although the Ministry of the Environment claims that there had been domestic catches of about 1,600 whales between late 1940s to 1960s) and Norway took 987.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: what are their different varieties?

Context: are they hunted?

Context: Yes, commercial hunting of killer whales date to the 18th century

Question: are they really killers or are they just stereotyped?

Answer: In Western cultures, killer whales were historically feared as dangerous, savage predators. However, of the very few confirmed attacks on humans by wild killer whales, none have been fatal

Killer whale [SEP] "Killer" stereotype

In Western cultures, killer whales were historically feared as dangerous, savage predators. The first written description of a killer whale was given by Pliny the Elder "circa" AD 70, who wrote, "Orcas (the appearance of which no image can express, other than an enormous mass of savage flesh with teeth) are the enemy of [other kinds of whale]... they charge and pierce them like warships ramming." Of the very few confirmed attacks on humans by wild killer whales, none have been fatal. In one instance, killer whales tried to tip ice floes on which a dog team and photographer of the Terra Nova Expedition were standing.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: what are their different varieties?

Context: are they hunted?

Context: are they really killers or are they just stereotyped?

Context: In Western cultures, killer whales were historically feared as dangerous, savage predators. However, of the very few confirmed attacks on humans by wild killer whales, none have been fatal

Question: is watching them a popular activity?

Answer: Yes, whale watching continues to increase in popularity

Killer whale [SEP] Whale watching

Whale watching continues to increase in popularity, but may have some problematic impacts on killer whales. Exposure to exhaust gasses from large amounts of vessel traffic are causing concern for the overall health of the 75 remaining southern resident killer whales (SRKWs) left as of early 2019. This population is followed by approximately 20 vessels for 12 hours a day during the months May–September. Researchers discovered that these vessels are in the line of sight for these whales for 98–99.5% of daylight hours. With so many vessels, the air quality around these whales deteriorates and impacts their health. Air pollutants that bind with exhaust fumes are responsible for the activation of the cytochrome P450 1A gene family.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: what are their different varieties?

Context: are they hunted?

Context: is watching them a popular activity?

Context: Yes, whale watching continues to increase in popularity

Question: when did this activity begin?

Answer: 1950

Whale watching [SEP] History

Organized whale watching started in the United States, when the Cabrillo National Monument in San Diego was declared a public venue for observing the migration of gray whales; the spectacle attracted 10,000 visitors in its first year, 1950. In 1955 the first water-based whale watching commenced in the same area, charging customers $1 per trip to view the whales at closer quarters. The industry spread throughout the western coast of the United States over the following decade. In 1971 the Montreal Zoological Society commenced the first commercial whale watching activity on the eastern side of North America, offering trips in the St.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: what are their different varieties?

Context: are they hunted?

Context: is watching them a popular activity?

Context: when did this activity begin?

Question: where is it popular?

Answer: In South Africa, the town of Hermanus is one of the world centers for whale watching.

Whale watching [SEP] South Africa

In South Africa, the town of Hermanus is one of the world centers for whale watching. Between May and December southern right whales come so close to the Cape shoreline that visitors can watch whales from their hotels. The town employs a "whale crier" (cf town crier) to walk through the town announcing where whales have been seen. You can watch the whales in Hermanus from the cliff tops, from a boat or the air. Boat-based whale watching tours are available out of the Hermanus New harbour which allows the public to view southern right whales from June till Mid December.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: what are their different varieties?

Context: are they hunted?

Context: is watching them a popular activity?

Context: when did this activity begin?

Context: where is it popular?

Context: In South Africa, the town of Hermanus is one of the world centers for whale watching.

Question: what are the climatic conditions like in this town?

Answer: It has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate

Explanation: warm-summer Mediterranean climate

Hermanus [SEP] Climate

Hermanus is classified as having a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen). It receives roughly 520 mm of rain per annum, the majority of which falls during the winter months of June to August in the form of frontal precipitation. Average midday temperatures range from 25 °C in February to 16 °C in July. Extremes above 30 °C and under 10 °C are not uncommon. Summer and Winter months are characterised by strong South-Easterly and North-Westerly winds respectively.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: what are their different varieties?

Context: are they hunted?

Context: is watching them a popular activity?

Context: when did this activity begin?

Context: where is it popular?

Context: what are the climatic conditions like in this town?

Context: It has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate

Question: what type of plants are found here?

Answer: It has one of the highest plant diversity levels in the world. The principal vegetation type of this region is Fynbos.

Hermanus [SEP] Floral diversity

Hermanus is in the Cape Floristic Region and thus has one of the highest plant diversity levels in the world. The principal vegetation type of this region is Fynbos, a mixture of evergreen shrub-like plants with small firm leaves. In the local Fernkloof Nature Reserve, 1,474 plant species have thus far been collected and identified.


Context: what is this organism?

Context: what are their different varieties?

Context: are they hunted?

Context: is watching them a popular activity?

Context: when did this activity begin?

Context: where is it popular?

Context: what type of plants are found here?

Context: It has one of the highest plant diversity levels in the world. The principal vegetation type of this region is Fynbos.

Question: what is this particular vegetation type?

Answer: Small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation

Fynbos [SEP] Introduction

Fynbos (; meaning fine-leaved plants) is a small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation located in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. This area is predominantly coastal and mountainous, with a Mediterranean climate and rainy winters. The fynbos ecoregion is within the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome. In fields related to biogeography, fynbos is known for its exceptional degree of biodiversity and endemism, consisting about 80% (8,500 fynbos) species of the Cape floral kingdom where nearly 6,000 of them are endemic. This land continues to face severe human-caused threats, but due to the many economic uses of the fynbos, conservation efforts are being made to help restore it.


Question: when does the punisher make an appearance in daredevil

Answer: Second season

Explanation: The season introduces the Punisher,

Daredevil (season 2) [SEP] Development

On April 21, 2015, Marvel and Netflix announced that the series had been renewed for a second season, with Doug Petrie and Marco Ramirez replacing DeKnight as showrunners as well as acting as executive producers; both served as writers in the first season and worked closely with DeKnight and series creator Drew Goddard. The season introduces the Punisher, whom DeKnight and the writers had wanted to introduce in a post-credits scene during the first-season finale but were unable due to the way that Netflix begins the next episode during the credits of the current one. DeKnight felt that this "was the right decision.


Context: when does the punisher make an appearance in daredevil

Context: Second season

Question: can you mention the cast?

Answer: Charlie Cox, Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson, Rosario Dawson and Vincent D'Onofrio

Daredevil (season 2) [SEP] Casting

Charlie Cox, Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson, Rosario Dawson, and Vincent D'Onofrio return from the first season as Matt Murdock / Daredevil, Karen Page, Franklin "Foggy" Nelson, Claire Temple, and Wilson Fisk / Kingpin, respectively. In June 2015, Jon Bernthal was cast as Frank Castle / Punisher, and Élodie Yung was cast as Elektra a month later. In September, Stephen Rider joined the cast as Blake Tower. Also returning from season one are Royce Johnson as Brett Mahoney, Susan Varon as Josie, Geoffrey Cantor as Mitchell Ellison, Scott Glenn as Stick, Peter Shinkoda as Nobu Yoshioka, Rob Morgan as Turk Barrett, Matt Gerald as Melvin Potter, Peter McRobbie as Father Paul Lantom, Amy Rutberg as Marci Stahl, Kevin Nagle as Roscoe Sweeney, Wai Ching Ho as Gao, and Suzanne H.


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

Context: Charlie Cox, Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson, Rosario Dawson and Vincent D'Onofrio

Question: who is the writer?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Daredevil (season 2) [SEP] Casting


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where was it filmed?

Answer: Metro Theater; Roosevelt Island; Greenpoint, Brooklyn; Long Island City; SoHo

Daredevil (season 2) [SEP] Filming

Production on the season began in July 2015 in East Harlem, with the working title "Ringside", and a nine-day-per-episode schedule. Filming locations included the Metro Theater; Roosevelt Island; Greenpoint, Brooklyn; Long Island City; SoHo for exterior shots of Murdock's apartment; Newtown Creek; the Forest Park Carousel; Bayside, Queens for Castle's old home; Green-Wood Cemetery and Catacombs; East Village; the Bronx County Courthouse; Tribeca; Hell's Kitchen; the Brooklyn Navy Yard; Fort Totten and tunnels inside Bayley Seton Hospital for when Murdock confronts the Hand; and Calvary Cemetery. Filming ended in December 2015. Martin Ahlgren joined the series as director of photography for the season, deciding to "go in a slightly different direction" than the first season, but retaining "the yellowish street light color that gave season one a very distinct style".


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Metro Theater; Roosevelt Island; Greenpoint, Brooklyn; Long Island City; SoHo

Question: what did the last cast member do as a profession other than acting?

Answer: Singer, producer and director

Vincent D'Onofrio [SEP] Music

On October 27, 2009, D'Onofrio made his musical debut, appearing in character as comedic country singer George Geronimo Gerkie at Joe's Pub in New York City. He appeared as Gerkie again at New York's Hammerstein Ballroom on December 6, 2009, during Matt Pinfield's Holiday Extravaganza Show and at the premiere of his movie "Don't Go in the Woods" at Joe's Pub on May 28, 2010. A fourth concert was held at the pub on July 22, 2010, with proceeds from the event going to the Utah Meth Cops project. On November 11, 2011, while teaching students at the Tribeca Flashpoint Media Arts Academy, D'Onofrio discussed plans for further concerts, and a George Gerkie documentary which is to be filmed by "Ultrasuede: In Search of Halston" director Whitney Smith.


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: what did the last cast member do as a profession other than acting?

Context: Singer, producer and director

Question: which films has he been a part of?

Answer: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Vincent D'Onofrio [SEP] Introduction

Vincent Philip D'Onofrio (; born June 30, 1959) is an American actor, producer, and director. He is known for his supporting and leading roles in both film and television. He has been nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award and two Saturn Awards, winning one for his supporting role in "Men in Black". His roles include Private Leonard "Gomer Pyle" Lawrence in "Full Metal Jacket" (1987), Wilson Fisk / Kingpin in "Daredevil" (2015–2018), NYPD Detective Robert Goren in "", Edgar the Bug in "Men in Black" (1997) and "" (1997–2001), and Vic Hoskins in "Jurassic World" (2015). Among other honors, D'Onofrio is a Saturn Award winner, an Emmy Award nominee and a Jay Award 2018 winner.


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Singer, producer and director

Context: which films has he been a part of?

Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Question: what was the theme of the former?

Answer: It is symbolic of consumer and corporate excess and the dinosaur was meant to embody humanity's worst tendencies

Jurassic World [SEP] Themes and analysis

Director Colin Trevorrow stated that the "Indominus rex", the synthetic hybrid dinosaur at the center of the film's story, is symbolic of consumer and corporate excess. The dinosaur was "meant to embody [humanity's] worst tendencies. We're surrounded by wonder and yet we want more, and we want it bigger, faster, louder, better. And in the world of the movie, the animal is designed based on a series of corporate focus groups." He also stated, "There's something in the film about our greed and our desire for profit. The "Indominus rex", to me, is very much that desire, that need to be satisfied." Film journalists have noted parallels between the workings of the park in "Jurassic World" and of the film and entertainment industry.


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Singer, producer and director

Context: which films has he been a part of?

Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: It is symbolic of consumer and corporate excess and the dinosaur was meant to embody humanity's worst tendencies

Question: does it have any sequel?

Answer: Yes. One released and another is scheduled

Explanation:
A sequel to "Jurassic World", titled "", was released in June 2018. Trevorrow and Connolly returned to write the script for the sequel, which features Pratt and Howard reprising their roles. Trevorrow said in 2014, "We wanted to create something that would be a little bit less arbitrary and episodic, and something that could potentially arc into a series that would feel like a complete story". In May 2015, Trevorrow confirmed he would not direct a sequel, and he acted as an executive producer with Spielberg. J. A. Bayona directed the film, which will serve as the middle chapter of a planned "Jurassic World" trilogy.
Another sequel, "Jurassic World: Dominion", is scheduled for release on June 10, 2022.

Jurassic World [SEP] Sequels


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

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Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Singer, producer and director

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Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: does it have any sequel?

Context: Yes. One released and another is scheduled

Question: how is it associated with lego?

Answer: Several Lego animated projects have been released

Jurassic World [SEP] Lego projects

Several Lego animated projects have been released, including "", a 2016 short film; "", a 2018 television special; and "", a 2019 miniseries.


Context: Second season

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Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: does it have any sequel?

Context: how is it associated with lego?

Context: Several Lego animated projects have been released

Question: can you name one project?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Jurassic World [SEP] Lego projects


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Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: Singer, producer and director

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Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

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Context: how is it associated with lego?

Context: can you name one project?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: does it have a series that is animated?

Answer: Yes. Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous

Jurassic World [SEP] Animated series

A 3D-animated television series, titled "Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous", was released in 2020. It was a co-production between Netflix and DreamWorks Animation.


Context: Second season

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Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: Singer, producer and director

Context: which films has he been a part of?

Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: does it have any sequel?

Context: how is it associated with lego?

Context: can you name one project?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have a series that is animated?

Context: Yes. Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous

Question: who produced this series?

Answer: Scott Kreamer, Lane Lueras, Aaron Hammersley, Steven Spielberg, Frank Marshall and Colin Trevorrow

Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous [SEP] Production

In mid-2018, Scott Kreamer took over a premise and pilot script by Zack Stentz and began to work on the show's early design. In 2019, it was announced that a "Jurassic World" CGI-animated series would debut on Netflix in 2020. A joint project between Netflix, Universal Pictures, Amblin Entertainment, and DreamWorks Animation, Scott Kreamer, Lane Lueras, and Aaron Hammersley worked together as the series' showrunners. They executive-produced the series along with Steven Spielberg, Frank Marshall, and Colin Trevorrow, while Stentz served as a series developer and as a consulting producer. Spielberg did not want the series to be a "kiddy version" of the "Jurassic Park" films, insisting that the young characters be placed in dangerous scenarios, as in the films.


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Singer, producer and director

Context: which films has he been a part of?

Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: does it have any sequel?

Context: how is it associated with lego?

Context: can you name one project?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have a series that is animated?

Context: Yes. Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous

Context: who produced this series?

Context: Scott Kreamer, Lane Lueras, Aaron Hammersley, Steven Spielberg, Frank Marshall and Colin Trevorrow

Question: on which network was it aired?

Answer: Netflix

Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous [SEP] Introduction

Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous is an American animated science fiction adventure web television series. It is part of the "Jurassic Park" franchise and debuted on Netflix on September 18, 2020. Set before, during and after the events of the film "Jurassic World", the series follows six teenagers who become stranded on Isla Nublar after multiple dinosaurs escape their habitats. Following its release, the show was met with mixed to positive reviews from critics, who applauded the diverse voice cast but criticized the show's character designs, and writing. Aaron Hammersley serves as showrunner alongside Scott Kreamer. In October 2020, the series was renewed for a second season set to premiere in 2021.


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Singer, producer and director

Context: which films has he been a part of?

Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: does it have any sequel?

Context: how is it associated with lego?

Context: can you name one project?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have a series that is animated?

Context: Yes. Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous

Context: who produced this series?

Context: on which network was it aired?

Context: Netflix

Question: who established this network?

Answer: Marc Randolph

Netflix [SEP] Introduction

Netflix, Inc. is an American technology and media services provider and production company headquartered in Los Gatos, California. Netflix was founded in 1997 by Reed Hastings and Marc Randolph in Scotts Valley, California. The company's primary business is its subscription-based streaming service which offers online streaming of a library of films and television series, including those produced in-house. As of April 2020, Netflix had over 193 million paid subscriptions worldwide, including 73 million in the United States. It is available worldwide except in the following: mainland China (due to local restrictions), Syria, North Korea, and Crimea (due to U.S. sanctions).


Context: Second season

Context: can you mention the cast?

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Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Singer, producer and director

Context: which films has he been a part of?

Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: does it have any sequel?

Context: how is it associated with lego?

Context: can you name one project?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have a series that is animated?

Context: Yes. Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous

Context: who produced this series?

Context: on which network was it aired?

Context: Netflix

Context: who established this network?

Context: Marc Randolph

Question: who are their competitors?

Answer: Amazon Video

Netflix [SEP] Competitors

This arm of the business was eventually sold to LoveFilm; however, Amazon then bought LoveFilm in 2011. In addition, Amazon now streams movies and television shows through Amazon Video (formerly Amazon Video On Demand and LOVEFiLM Instant).


Context: Second season

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Context: who is the writer?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: Singer, producer and director

Context: which films has he been a part of?

Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: does it have any sequel?

Context: how is it associated with lego?

Context: can you name one project?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have a series that is animated?

Context: Yes. Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous

Context: who produced this series?

Context: on which network was it aired?

Context: Netflix

Context: who established this network?

Context: Marc Randolph

Context: who are their competitors?

Context: Amazon Video

Question: what type of device does it support?

Answer: Via an internet browser on PCs, while the apps are available on various platforms, including Blu-ray Disc players, tablet computers, mobile phones, smart TVs, digital media players and video game consoles

Netflix [SEP] Device support and technical details

Netflix can be accessed via an internet browser on PCs, while Netflix apps are available on various platforms, including Blu-ray Disc players, tablet computers, mobile phones, smart TVs, digital media players, and video game consoles (including Xbox One, PlayStation 4, Wii U, Xbox 360, and the PlayStation 3). The Wii and the PlayStation 2 were formerly compatible with Netflix as well. In addition, a growing number of multichannel television providers, including cable television and IPTV services, have also added Netflix apps accessible within their own set-top boxes, sometimes with the ability for its content (along with those of other online video services) to be presented within a unified search interface alongside linear television programming as an "all-in-one" solution.


Context: Second season

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Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: Singer, producer and director

Context: which films has he been a part of?

Context: Jurassic World and Men in Black

Context: what was the theme of the former?

Context: does it have any sequel?

Context: how is it associated with lego?

Context: can you name one project?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: does it have a series that is animated?

Context: Yes. Jurassic World Camp Cretaceous

Context: who produced this series?

Context: on which network was it aired?

Context: Netflix

Context: who established this network?

Context: Marc Randolph

Context: who are their competitors?

Context: Amazon Video

Context: what type of device does it support?

Context: Via an internet browser on PCs, while the apps are available on various platforms, including Blu-ray Disc players, tablet computers, mobile phones, smart TVs, digital media players and video game consoles

Question: what is its impact?

Answer: It has affected the way that audiences watch televised content and allows users the freedom to watch shows at their own pace

Netflix [SEP] Impact

The rise of Netflix has affected the way that audiences watch televised content. Netflix's CPO Neil Hunt points out that the Internet allows users the freedom to watch shows at their own pace, so an episode does not need cliffhangers to tease the audience to keep tuning in week after week because they can just continue into the next episode. Netflix has allowed content creators to deviate from traditional formats that force 30-minute or 60-minute time slots once a week, which it claims gives them an advantage over networks. Their model provides a platform which allows varying run times per episode based on a storyline, eliminates the need for a week to week recap, and does not have a fixed notion of what constitutes a "season".


Question: who played the role of loki in thor

Answer: Tom Hiddleston

Tom Hiddleston [SEP] Introduction

Thomas William Hiddleston (born 9 February 1981) is an English actor. He is the recipient of several accolades, including a Golden Globe Award and a Laurence Olivier Award, and has been nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards and for a Tony Award. Hiddleston earned a double first in Classics at the University of Cambridge and later proceeded to study acting at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. At the beginning of his career, he appeared in West End productions of "Cymbeline" (2007) and "Ivanov" (2008). He won the Olivier Award for Best Newcomer in a Play for his role in "Cymbeline" and was also nominated for the same award for his role as Cassio in "Othello" (2008).


Context:
who played the role of loki in thor
Tom Hiddleston

Question: did he receive any award for playing this particular role?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Tom Hiddleston [SEP] Introduction


Context: who played the role of loki in thor

Context: Tom Hiddleston

Context: did he receive any award for playing this particular role?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what movie did this actor debut in?

Answer: "Unrelated"

Tom Hiddleston [SEP] 2001–2010: Early work

While still doing student plays, Hiddleston began appearing on television, landing parts in Stephen Whittaker's adaptation of "Nicholas Nickleby" (2001) for ITV, the BBC/HBO co-production "Conspiracy" (2001), and as Randolph Churchill, the son of Winston Churchill, in the BBC/HBO drama "The Gathering Storm" (2002). Upon graduating from RADA, Hiddleston was cast in his first film role, playing Oakley in Joanna Hogg's first feature film, "Unrelated" (2006). His sister Emma also appeared in the film as Badge. Casting director, Lucy Bevan, who cast him in the film said "there was just a fantastic confidence about him". Hiddleston had leading roles in Declan Donnellan's company Cheek by Jowl's productions "The Changeling" (2006), and "Cymbeline" (2007).


Context: who played the role of loki in thor

Context: Tom Hiddleston

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what movie did this actor debut in?

Context: "Unrelated"

Question: who were his co-stars in this movie?

Answer: Kathryn Worth, Mary Roscoe, David Rintoul and Henry Lloyd-Hughes

Unrelated [SEP] Introduction

Unrelated is a 2007 British drama film written and directed by Joanna Hogg, starring Kathryn Worth, Tom Hiddleston, Mary Roscoe, David Rintoul and Henry Lloyd-Hughes. It was released in the US on 20 February 2008.


Context: who played the role of loki in thor

Context: Tom Hiddleston

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what movie did this actor debut in?

Context: "Unrelated"

Context: who were his co-stars in this movie?

Context: Kathryn Worth, Mary Roscoe, David Rintoul and Henry Lloyd-Hughes

Question: which role or movie gave him the breakthrough in the industry?

Answer: Hiddleston is well known for his portrayal of Loki in the 2011 Marvel Studios film "Thor".

Tom Hiddleston [SEP] 2011–2014: Career breakthrough

Hiddleston is well known for his portrayal of Loki in the 2011 Marvel Studios film "Thor". He was invited to audition by Kenneth Branagh, the film's director, after having previously worked with Branagh on "Ivanov" and "Wallander". Hiddleston said of Branagh, "Ken has had a life-changing effect. He was able to say to the executives, 'Trust me on this, you can cast Tom and he will deliver'. It was massive and it's completely changed the course of what is available to me to do. Ken gave me my break." In the beginning, he originally auditioned for the part of Thor.


Context: who played the role of loki in thor

Context: Tom Hiddleston

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Context: "Unrelated"

Context: who were his co-stars in this movie?

Context: which role or movie gave him the breakthrough in the industry?

Context: Hiddleston is well known for his portrayal of Loki in the 2011 Marvel Studios film "Thor".

Question: what is the origin of this character he played?

Answer: Loki was born a Frost Giant, and abandoned as an infant by his father Laufey, only to be found by Odin during an invasion of the realm of the Frost Giants. Odin uses magic to make Loki appear Asgardian, and raises him as a son alongside Odin's biological son, Thor.

Loki (Marvel Cinematic Universe) [SEP] Origins and first betrayal of Asgard

Loki was born a Frost Giant, and abandoned as an infant by his father Laufey, only to be found by Odin during an invasion of the realm of the Frost Giants. Odin uses magic to make Loki appear Asgardian, and raises him as a son alongside Odin's biological son, Thor. During his upbringing, Odin's wife Frigga teaches Loki to use magic and illusion. Hundreds of years later, Loki watches as Thor prepares to ascend to the throne of Asgard. This is interrupted by frost giants attempting to retrieve an artifact captured by Odin in a war centuries before. Loki manipulates Thor into traveling to Jotunheim against Odin's order, to confront Frost Giant leader Laufey, accompanied by Loki and several of Thor's fellow warriors.


Context: who played the role of loki in thor

Context: Tom Hiddleston

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what movie did this actor debut in?

Context: "Unrelated"

Context: who were his co-stars in this movie?

Context: what is the origin of this character he played?

Context: Loki was born a Frost Giant, and abandoned as an infant by his father Laufey, only to be found by Odin during an invasion of the realm of the Frost Giants. Odin uses magic to make Loki appear Asgardian, and raises him as a son alongside Odin's biological son, Thor.

Question: does he have any other names?

Answer: Yes, "Hveðrungr", "Loptr","Lokkemand"

Explanation:
In various poems from the "Poetic Edda" (stanza 2 of "Lokasenna", stanza 41 of "Hyndluljóð", and stanza 26 of "Fjölsvinnsmál"), and sections of the "Prose Edda" (chapter 32 of "Gylfaginning", stanza 8 of "Haustlöng", and stanza 1 of "Þórsdrápa") Loki is alternatively referred to as "Loptr", which is generally considered derived from Old Norse "lopt" meaning "air", and therefore points to an association with the air.

The name "Hveðrungr" (Old Norse '?roarer') is also used in reference to Loki, occurring in names for Hel (such as in "Ynglingatal", where she is called "hveðrungs mær") and in reference to Fenrir (as in "Völuspa").

Loki [SEP] Etymology, and alternative names

Some Eastern Swedish traditions referring to the same figure use forms in "n"- like "Nokk(e)", but this corresponds to the *"luk"- etymology insofar as those dialects consistently used a different root, Germanic *"hnuk"-, in contexts where western varieties used *"luk"-: ""nokke" corresponds to "nøkkel"" ('key' in Eastern Scandinavian) "as "loki"~"lokke" to "lykil"" ('key' in Western Scandinavian). While it has been suggested that this association with closing could point to Loki's apocalyptic role at Ragnarök, "there is quite a bit of evidence that Loki in premodern society was thought to be the causer of knots/tangles/loops, or himself a knot/tangle/loop. Hence, it is natural that Loki is the inventor of the fishnet, which consists of loops and knots, and that the word "loki" ("lokke", "lokki", "loke", "luki") is a term for makers of cobwebs: spiders and the like." Though not prominent in the oldest sources, this identity as a "tangler" may be the etymological meaning of Loki's name.


Context: who played the role of loki in thor

Context: Tom Hiddleston

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what movie did this actor debut in?

Context: "Unrelated"

Context: who were his co-stars in this movie?

Context: does he have any other names?

Context: Yes, "Hveðrungr", "Loptr","Lokkemand"

Question: how is the last mythical character mentioned above portrayed in folklore?

Answer: A Scandinavian folk belief that lightning frightens away trolls and appears in numerous Scandinavian folktales, and may be a late reflection of Thor's role in fighting such beings.

Thor [SEP] Modern folklore

A Scandinavian folk belief that lightning frightens away trolls and appears in numerous Scandinavian folktales, and may be a late reflection of Thor's role in fighting such beings. In connection, the lack of trolls and ettins in modern Scandinavia is explained as a result of the "accuracy and efficiency of the lightning strokes".


Context: who played the role of loki in thor

Context: Tom Hiddleston

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what movie did this actor debut in?

Context: "Unrelated"

Context: who were his co-stars in this movie?

Context: does he have any other names?

Context: Yes, "Hveðrungr", "Loptr","Lokkemand"

Context: how is the last mythical character mentioned above portrayed in folklore?

Context: A Scandinavian folk belief that lightning frightens away trolls and appears in numerous Scandinavian folktales, and may be a late reflection of Thor's role in fighting such beings.

Question: how is he associated with vikings?

Answer: In the 11th century, chronicler Adam of Bremen records in his that a statue of Thor, who Adam describes as "mightiest", sits in the Temple at Uppsala in the center of a triple throne (flanked by Woden and "Fricco") located in , Sweden

Thor [SEP] Viking age

In the 11th century, chronicler Adam of Bremen records in his that a statue of Thor, who Adam describes as "mightiest", sits in the Temple at Uppsala in the center of a triple throne (flanked by Woden and "Fricco") located in , Sweden. Adam details that "Thor, they reckon, rules the sky; he governs thunder and lightning, winds and storms, fine weather and fertility" and that "Thor, with his mace, looks like Jupiter". Adam details that the people of had appointed priests to each of the gods, and that the priests were to offer up sacrifices. In Thor's case, he continues, these sacrifices were done when plague or famine threatened.


Context: who played the role of loki in thor

Context: Tom Hiddleston

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what movie did this actor debut in?

Context: "Unrelated"

Context: who were his co-stars in this movie?

Context: does he have any other names?

Context: Yes, "Hveðrungr", "Loptr","Lokkemand"

Context: how is he associated with vikings?

Context: In the 11th century, chronicler Adam of Bremen records in his that a statue of Thor, who Adam describes as "mightiest", sits in the Temple at Uppsala in the center of a triple throne (flanked by Woden and "Fricco") located in , Sweden

Question: what is the purpose of the temple mentioned above?

Answer: The Temple at Uppsala was a religious center in the ancient Norse religion once located at what is now Gamla Uppsala, Sweden attested in Adam of Bremen's 11th-century work "Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum" and in "Heimskringla", written by Snorri Sturluson in the 13th century

Temple at Uppsala [SEP] Introduction

The Temple at Uppsala was a religious center in the ancient Norse religion once located at what is now Gamla Uppsala (Swedish "Old Uppsala"), Sweden attested in Adam of Bremen's 11th-century work "Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum" and in "Heimskringla", written by Snorri Sturluson in the 13th century. Theories have been proposed about the implications of the descriptions of the temple and the findings (or lack thereof) of the archaeological excavations in the area, along with recent findings of extensive wooden structures and log lines that may have played a supporting role to activities at the site, including ritual sacrifice.


Question: when was asl recognized as an official language

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

American Sign Language [SEP] Introduction

American Sign Language (ASL) is a natural language that serves as the predominant sign language of Deaf communities in the United States and most of Anglophone Canada. Besides North America, dialects of ASL and ASL-based creoles are used in many countries around the world, including much of West Africa and parts of Southeast Asia. ASL is also widely learned as a second language, serving as a lingua franca. ASL is most closely related to French Sign Language (LSF). It has been proposed that ASL is a creole language of LSF, although ASL shows features atypical of creole languages, such as agglutinative morphology.


Context: when was asl recognized as an official language

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who created it?

Answer: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Explanation: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

American Sign Language [SEP] History

Originally known as "The American Asylum, At Hartford, For The Education And Instruction Of The Deaf And Dumb", the school was founded by the Yale graduate and divinity student Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet. Gallaudet, inspired by his success in demonstrating the learning abilities of a young deaf girl Alice Cogswell, traveled to Europe in order to learn deaf pedagogy from European institutions. Ultimately, Gallaudet chose to adopt the methods of the French Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris, and convinced Laurent Clerc, an assistant to the school's founder Charles-Michel de l'Épée, to accompany him back to the United States. Upon his return, Gallaudet founded the ASD on April 15, 1817.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Question: how is it classified?

Answer: It brought together Old French Sign Language, various village sign languages, and home sign systems; ASL was created in that situation by language contact.

American Sign Language [SEP] Classification

ASL emerged as a language in the American School for the Deaf (ASD), founded in 1817, which brought together Old French Sign Language, various village sign languages, and home sign systems; ASL was created in that situation by language contact. ASL was influenced by its forerunners but distinct from all of them. The influence of French Sign Language (LSF) on ASL is readily apparent; for example, it has been found that about 58% of signs in modern ASL are cognate to Old French Sign Language signs. However, that is far less than the standard 80% measure used to determine whether related languages are actually dialects.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: It brought together Old French Sign Language, various village sign languages, and home sign systems; ASL was created in that situation by language contact.

Question: do you know what percentage of the population uses it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: do you know what percentage of the population uses it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: is there a stigma to it?

Answer: Stigmas associated with sign languages and the use of sign for educating children often lead to the absence of sign during periods in children's lives when they can access languages most effectively.

American Sign Language [SEP] Stigma

In 2013 the White House published a response to a petition that gained over 37,000 signatures to "officially recognize American Sign Language as a community language and a language of instruction in schools". The response is titled "there shouldn't be any stigma about American Sign Language" and addressed that ASL is a vital language for the Deaf and hard of hearing. Stigmas associated with sign languages and the use of sign for educating children often lead to the absence of sign during periods in children's lives when they can access languages most effectively. Scholars such as Beth S. Benedict advocate not only for bilingualism (using ASL and English training) but also for early childhood intervention for children who are deaf.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: Stigmas associated with sign languages and the use of sign for educating children often lead to the absence of sign during periods in children's lives when they can access languages most effectively.

Question: what is its syntax?

Answer: ASL is a subject–verb–object (SVO) language, but various phenomena affect that basic word order. Basic SVO sentences are signed without any pauses

American Sign Language [SEP] Syntax

ASL is a subject–verb–object (SVO) language, but various phenomena affect that basic word order. Basic SVO sentences are signed without any pauses: However, other word orders may also occur since ASL allows the topic of a sentence to be moved to sentence-initial position, a phenomenon known as topicalization. In object-subject-verb (OSV) sentences, the object is topicalized, marked by a forward head-tilt and a pause: Besides, word orders can be obtained through the phenomenon of subject copy in which the subject is repeated at the end of the sentence, accompanied by head nodding for clarification or emphasis: ASL also allows null subject sentences whose subject is implied, rather than stated explicitly.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: ASL is a subject–verb–object (SVO) language, but various phenomena affect that basic word order. Basic SVO sentences are signed without any pauses

Question: do you know how many people use sign language?

Answer: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Explanation: between 250,000 and 500,000

American Sign Language [SEP] Population

Counting the number of ASL signers is difficult because ASL users have never been counted by the American census. The ultimate source for current estimates of the number of ASL users in the United States is a report for the National Census of the Deaf Population (NCDP) by Schein and Delk (1974). Based on a 1972 survey of the NCDP, Schein and Delk provided estimates consistent with a signing population between 250,000 and 500,000. The survey did not distinguish between ASL and other forms of signing; in fact, the name "ASL" was not yet in widespread use. Incorrect figures are sometimes cited for the population of ASL users in the United States based on misunderstandings of known statistics.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: do you know how many people use sign language?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Question: are there different varieties?

Answer: Yes, mutual intelligibility among ASL varieties is high, and the variation is primarily lexical.

American Sign Language [SEP] Varieties

Varieties of ASL are found throughout the world. There is little difficulty in comprehension among the varieties of the United States and Canada. Mutual intelligibility among those ASL varieties is high, and the variation is primarily lexical. For example, there are three different words for English "about" in Canadian ASL; the standard way, and two regional variations (Atlantic and Ontario). Variation may also be phonological, meaning that the same sign may be signed in a different way depending on the region. For example, an extremely common type of variation is between the handshapes /1/, /L/, and /5/ in signs with one handshape.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: Yes, mutual intelligibility among ASL varieties is high, and the variation is primarily lexical.

Question: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Answer: Subject–verb–object languages almost always place relative clauses after the nouns which they modify and adverbial subordinators before the clause modified, with varieties of Chinese being notable exceptions.

Subject–verb–object [SEP] Properties

Subject–verb–object languages almost always place relative clauses after the nouns which they modify and adverbial subordinators before the clause modified, with varieties of Chinese being notable exceptions. Although some subject–verb–object languages in West Africa, the best known being Ewe, use postpositions in noun phrases, the vast majority of them, such as English, have prepositions. Most subject–verb–object languages place genitives after the noun, but a significant minority, including the postpositional SVO languages of West Africa, the Hmong–Mien languages, some Sino-Tibetan languages, and European languages like Swedish, Danish, Lithuanian and Latvian have "prenominal" genitives (as would be expected in an SOV language).


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Context: Subject–verb–object languages almost always place relative clauses after the nouns which they modify and adverbial subordinators before the clause modified, with varieties of Chinese being notable exceptions.

Question: can you give me a few examples?

Answer: "The dog bit Andy" and "Andy bit the dog" mean two completely different things, while, in case of "Bit Andy the dog", it may be difficult to determine whether it's a complete sentence or a fragment, with "Andy the dog" the object and an omitted/implied subject.

Subject–verb–object [SEP] Sample sentences

An example of SVO order in English is: In an analytic language such as English, subject–verb–object order is relatively inflexible because it identifies which part of the sentence is the subject and which one is the object. ("The dog bit Andy" and "Andy bit the dog" mean two completely different things, while, in case of "Bit Andy the dog", it may be difficult to determine whether it's a complete sentence or a fragment, with "Andy the dog" the object and an omitted/implied subject.) The situation is more complex in languages that have no word order imposed by their grammar; Russian, Finnish, Ukrainian, and Hungarian have both the VO and OV constructs in their common word order uses.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Context: can you give me a few examples?

Context: "The dog bit Andy" and "Andy bit the dog" mean two completely different things, while, in case of "Bit Andy the dog", it may be difficult to determine whether it's a complete sentence or a fragment, with "Andy the dog" the object and an omitted/implied subject.

Question: what is fingerspelling in asl?

Answer: A form of borrowing, a linguistic process wherein words from one language are incorporated into another.

American Sign Language [SEP] Fingerspelling

ASL possesses a set of 26 signs known as the American manual alphabet, which can be used to spell out words from the English language. Such signs make use of the 19 handshapes of ASL. For example, the signs for 'p' and 'k' use the same handshape but different orientations. A common misconception is that ASL consists only of fingerspelling; although such a method (Rochester Method) has been used, it is not ASL. Fingerspelling is a form of borrowing, a linguistic process wherein words from one language are incorporated into another. In ASL, fingerspelling is used for proper nouns and for technical terms with no native ASL equivalent.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Context: can you give me a few examples?

Context: what is fingerspelling in asl?

Context: A form of borrowing, a linguistic process wherein words from one language are incorporated into another.

Question: what is phonology?

Answer: Each sign in ASL is composed of a number of distinctive components, generally referred to as parameters which are the phonemes.

American Sign Language [SEP] Phonology

Each sign in ASL is composed of a number of distinctive components, generally referred to as parameters. A sign may use one hand or both. All signs can be described using the five parameters involved in signed languages, which are handshape, movement, palm orientation, location and non-manual markers. Just as phonemes of sound distinguish meaning in spoken languages, those parameters are the phonemes that distinguish meaning in signed languages like ASL. Changing any one of them may change the meaning of a sign, as illustrated by the ASL signs THINK and DISAPPOINTED: There are also meaningful non-manual signals in ASL, which may include movement of the eyebrows, the cheeks, the nose, the head, the torso, and the eyes.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Context: can you give me a few examples?

Context: what is fingerspelling in asl?

Context: what is phonology?

Context: Each sign in ASL is composed of a number of distinctive components, generally referred to as parameters which are the phonemes.

Question: what is morphology?

Answer: ASL has a rich system of verbal inflection, which involves both grammatical aspect: how the action of verbs flows in time—and agreement marking.

American Sign Language [SEP] Morphology

ASL has a rich system of verbal inflection, which involves both grammatical aspect: how the action of verbs flows in time—and agreement marking. Aspect can be marked by changing the manner of movement of the verb; for example, continuous aspect is marked by incorporating rhythmic, circular movement, while punctual aspect is achieved by modifying the sign so that it has a stationary hand position. Verbs may agree with both the subject and the object, and are marked for number and reciprocity. Reciprocity is indicated by using two one-handed signs; for example, the sign SHOOT, made with an L-shaped handshape with inward movement of the thumb, inflects to SHOOT, articulated by having two L-shaped hands "shooting" at each other.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Context: can you give me a few examples?

Context: what is fingerspelling in asl?

Context: what is phonology?

Context: what is morphology?

Context: ASL has a rich system of verbal inflection, which involves both grammatical aspect: how the action of verbs flows in time—and agreement marking.

Question: can this language be written?

Answer: Yes. Although there is no well-established writing system for ASL, written sign language dates back almost two centuries.

American Sign Language [SEP] Writing systems

Although there is no well-established writing system for ASL, written sign language dates back almost two centuries. The first systematic writing system for a sign language seems to be that of Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian, developed in 1825. However, written sign language remained marginal among the public. In the 1960s, linguist William Stokoe created Stokoe notation specifically for ASL. It is alphabetic, with a letter or diacritic for every phonemic (distinctive) hand shape, orientation, motion, and position, though it lacks any representation of facial expression, and is better suited for individual words than for extended passages of text. Stokoe used that system for his 1965 "A Dictionary of American Sign Language on Linguistic Principles".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Context: can you give me a few examples?

Context: what is fingerspelling in asl?

Context: what is phonology?

Context: what is morphology?

Context: can this language be written?

Context: Yes. Although there is no well-established writing system for ASL, written sign language dates back almost two centuries.

Question: what proof is there, that the writing goes back 200 years?

Answer: The first systematic writing system for a sign language seems to be that of Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian, developed in 1825.

Explanation: The first systematic writing system for a sign language seems to be that of Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian, developed in 1825.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Context: can you give me a few examples?

Context: what is fingerspelling in asl?

Context: what is phonology?

Context: what is morphology?

Context: can this language be written?

Context: what proof is there, that the writing goes back 200 years?

Context: The first systematic writing system for a sign language seems to be that of Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian, developed in 1825.

Question: who was this person?

Answer: One of the first hearing educators in France to achieve native-level fluency in French Sign Language.

Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian [SEP] Introduction

Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian (b. August 4, 1789 at Pointe-à-Pitre (also written: Ponte-à-Pitre), Guadeloupe; d. February 24, 1839 Pointe-à-Pitre) was one of the first hearing educators in France to achieve native-level fluency in French Sign Language. He wrote an important book titled "Mimographie," which was published in 1825, which utilized a method of writing signs.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who created it?

Context: Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Context: how is it classified?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is there a stigma to it?

Context: what is its syntax?

Context: Between 250,000 and 500,000

Context: are there different varieties?

Context: what are the properties of s-v-o?

Context: can you give me a few examples?

Context: what is fingerspelling in asl?

Context: what is phonology?

Context: what is morphology?

Context: can this language be written?

Context: who was this person?

Context: One of the first hearing educators in France to achieve native-level fluency in French Sign Language.

Question: was he french?

Answer: From the Caribbean Island of Guadeloupe, his father sent him to live in France to obtain a high-school education

Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian [SEP] Life

From the Caribbean Island of Guadeloupe, his father sent him to live in France to obtain a high-school education under the auspices of his godfather, the Abbé Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard, who was the successor of the Abbé de l'Épée as the director of the Institution Nationale des Sourds-Muets de Paris. The Abbé Sicard sent him to live with the Abbé Jauffret. He completed high school at the Lycée Charlemagne in Paris where he was regarded as a brilliant student, after which he dedicated himself to studying Deaf education. He followed the advice of Abbé Sicard and began working with three Deaf teachers: Jean Massieu, Ferdinand Berthier and Laurent Clerc, at the Institution Nationale des Sourds-Muets de Paris, and wrote a book titled "Essai sur les sourds-muets et sur le langage naturel," which was published in 1817, that dealt with the educational philosophy and methods of the school, as well as the nature of French Sign Language.


Question: where could be found hii emission nebula regions

Answer: Sometimes several hundred light-years across, are often associated with giant molecular clouds

Explanation: H II regions—sometimes several hundred light-years across—are often associated with giant molecular clouds. They often appear clumpy and filamentary, sometimes showing intricate shapes such as the Horsehead Nebula

H II region [SEP] Introduction

H II regions can be observed at considerable distances in the universe, and the study of extragalactic H II regions is important in determining the distance and chemical composition of galaxies. Spiral and irregular galaxies contain many H II regions, while elliptical galaxies are almost devoid of them. In spiral galaxies, including our Milky Way, H II regions are concentrated in the spiral arms, while in irregular galaxies they are distributed chaotically. Some galaxies contain huge H II regions, which may contain tens of thousands of stars. Examples include the 30 Doradus region in the Large Magellanic Cloud and NGC 604 in the Triangulum Galaxy.


Context: where could be found hii emission nebula regions

Context: Sometimes several hundred light-years across, are often associated with giant molecular clouds

Question: what does this region mean?

Answer: It is a region of interstellar atomic hydrogen that is ionized

Explanation: An H II region or HII region is a region of interstellar atomic hydrogen that is ionized.

H II region [SEP] Introduction


Context: what does this region mean?

Context: It is a region of interstellar atomic hydrogen that is ionized

Question: how did it get the name?

Answer: The term H II is pronounced "H two" by astronomers. "H" is the chemical symbol for hydrogen, and "II" is the Roman numeral for 2.

H II region [SEP] Terminology

The term H II is pronounced "H two" by astronomers. "H" is the chemical symbol for hydrogen, and "II" is the Roman numeral for 2. It is customary in astronomy to use the Roman numeral I for neutral atoms, II for singly-ionised—H II is H in other sciences—III for doubly-ionised, e.g. O III is O, etc. H II, or H, consists of free protons. An H I region is neutral atomic hydrogen, and a molecular cloud is molecular hydrogen, H. In spoken discussion with non-astronomers there is sometimes confusion between the identical spoken forms of "H II" and "H".


Context: what does this region mean?

Context: how did it get the name?

Context: The term H II is pronounced "H two" by astronomers. "H" is the chemical symbol for hydrogen, and "II" is the Roman numeral for 2.

Question: what are it's features?

Answer: It vary greatly in their physical properties, their size is also known as the Stromgren radius and essentially depends on the intensity of the source of ionising photons and the density of the region, their densities range from over a million particles per cm³ in the ultra-compact H II regions to only a few particles per cm³ in the largest and most extended regions

Explanation: H II regions vary greatly in their physical properties. They range in size from so-called "ultra-compact" (UCHII) regions perhaps only a light-year or less across, to giant H II regions several hundred light-years across. Their size is also known as the Stromgren radius and essentially depends on the intensity of the source of ionising photons and the density of the region. Their densities range from over a million particles per cm³ in the ultra-compact H II regions to only a few particles per cm³ in the largest and most extended regions. This implies total masses between perhaps 100 and 10 solar masses.

H II region [SEP] Physical properties

There are also "ultra-dense H II" regions (UDHII). Depending on the size of an H II region there may be several thousand stars within it. This makes H II regions more complicated than planetary nebulae, which have only one central ionising source. Typically H II regions reach temperatures of 10,000 K. They are mostly ionised gases with weak magnetic fields with strengths of several nanoteslas. Nevertheless, H II regions are almost always associated with a cold molecular gas, which originated from the same parent GMC. Magnetic fields are produced by these weak moving electric charges in the ionised gas, suggesting that H II regions might contain electric fields.


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Context: It vary greatly in their physical properties, their size is also known as the Stromgren radius and essentially depends on the intensity of the source of ionising photons and the density of the region, their densities range from over a million particles per cm³ in the ultra-compact H II regions to only a few particles per cm³ in the largest and most extended regions

Question: how is it distributed?

Answer: The reason H II regions rarely appear in elliptical galaxies is that ellipticals are believed to form through galaxy mergers. In galaxy clusters, such mergers are frequent.

Explanation: The reason H II regions rarely appear in elliptical galaxies is that ellipticals are believed to form through galaxy mergers. In galaxy clusters, such mergers are frequent.

H II region [SEP] Numbers and distribution

Under these conditions, enormous bursts of star formation are triggered, so rapid that most of the gas is converted into stars rather than the normal rate of 10% or less. Galaxies undergoing such rapid star formation are known as starburst galaxies. The post-merger elliptical galaxy has a very low gas content, and so H II regions can no longer form. Twenty-first century observations have shown that a very small number of H II regions exist outside galaxies altogether. These intergalactic H II regions may be the remnants of tidal disruptions of small galaxies, and in some cases may represent a new generation of stars in a galaxy's most recently accreted gas.


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H II regions are found only in spiral galaxies like the Milky Way and irregular galaxies. They are not seen in elliptical galaxies. In irregular galaxies, they may be dispersed throughout the galaxy, but in spirals they are most abundant within the spiral arms. A large spiral galaxy may contain thousands of H II regions. The reason H II regions rarely appear in elliptical galaxies is that ellipticals are believed to form through galaxy mergers. In galaxy clusters, such mergers are frequent. When galaxies collide, individual stars almost never collide, but the GMCs and H II regions in the colliding galaxies are severely agitated.


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Question: which are the special regions it has?

Answer: Orion Nebula, the Eta Carinae Nebula, and the Berkeley 59 / Cepheus OB4 Complex

Explanation: Notable Galactic H II regions include the Orion Nebula, the Eta Carinae Nebula, and the Berkeley 59 / Cepheus OB4 Complex

H II region [SEP] Notable regions

The supernova SN 1987A occurred in the outskirts of the Tarantula Nebula. Another giant H II region—NGC 604 is located in M33 spiral galaxy, which is at 817 kpc (2.66 million light years). Measuring at approximately () across, NGC 604 is the second-most-massive H II region in the Local Group after the Tarantula Nebula, although it is slightly larger in size than the latter. It contains around 200 hot OB and Wolf-Rayet stars, which heat the gas inside it to millions of degrees, producing bright X-ray emissions. The total mass of the hot gas in NGC 604 is about 6,000 Solar masses.


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Context: Orion Nebula, the Eta Carinae Nebula, and the Berkeley 59 / Cepheus OB4 Complex

Question: what is the second one about?

Answer: It is also known as the Grand Nebula in Carina,  is a large complex area of bright and dark nebulosity in the constellation Carina

Carina Nebula [SEP] Introduction

The Carina Nebula (catalogued as NGC 3372; also known as the Grand Nebula, Great Nebula in Carina, or Eta Carinae Nebula) is a large, complex area of bright and dark nebulosity in the constellation Carina, and is located in the Carina–Sagittarius Arm. The nebula is approximately from Earth. The nebula has within its boundaries the large Carina OB1 association and several related open clusters, including numerous O-type stars and several Wolf–Rayet stars. encompasses the star clusters and . is one of the youngest known star clusters at half a million years old. is the home of , currently the most luminous star known in our Milky Way galaxy, together with the less luminous but more massive and famous Eta Carinae star system and the O2 supergiant .


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Context: It is also known as the Grand Nebula in Carina,  is a large complex area of bright and dark nebulosity in the constellation Carina

Question: who discovered it?

Answer: Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille

Carina Nebula [SEP] Discovery and basic information

Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille discovered the nebula on 25 January 1752. Its dimensions are 120×120 arcminutes centered on the coordinates of right ascension and declination . In modern times it is calculated to be around from Earth.


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Question: how is it classified?

Answer: Eta Carinae A is classified as a luminous blue variable (LBV) due to the distinctive spectral and brightness variations.

Explanation: Eta Carinae A is classified as a luminous blue variable (LBV) due to the distinctive spectral and brightness variations.

Eta Carinae [SEP] Classification

It does not currently lie on the S Doradus instability strip, although it is unclear what the temperature or spectral type of the underlying star actually is, and during its Great Eruption it was much cooler than a typical LBV outburst, with a middle-G spectral type. The 1890 eruption may have been fairly typical of LBV eruptions, with an early F spectral type, and it has been estimated that the star may currently have an opaque stellar wind, forming a pseudo-photosphere with a temperature of 9,000–10,000 K.


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Context: Eta Carinae A is classified as a luminous blue variable (LBV) due to the distinctive spectral and brightness variations.

Question: how big is it?

Answer: The size of the two main stars in the Eta Carinae system is difficult to determine precisely because neither star can be seen directly

Explanation: The size of the two main stars in the Eta Carinae system is difficult to determine precisely because neither star can be seen directly. Eta Carinae B is likely to have a well-defined photosphere and its radius can be estimated from the assumed type of star. An O supergiant of with a temperature of 37,200 K has an effective radius of .

Eta Carinae [SEP] Size

The accretion radius of the secondary is around , suggesting strong accretion near periastron leading to a collapse of the secondary wind. It has been proposed that the initial brightening from 4th magnitude to 1st at relatively constant bolometric luminosity was a normal LBV outburst, albeit from an extreme example of the class. Then the companion star passing through the expanded photosphere of the primary at periastron triggered the further brightening, increase in luminosity, and extreme mass loss of the Great Eruption.


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Context: The size of the two main stars in the Eta Carinae system is difficult to determine precisely because neither star can be seen directly

Question: has it witnessed any eruption?

Answer: Yes, two eruptions have been observed from Eta Carinae

Eta Carinae [SEP] Eruptions

Two eruptions have been observed from Eta Carinae, the Great Eruption of the mid 19th century and the Lesser Eruption of 1890. In addition, studies of outlying nebulosity suggest at least one earlier eruption around AD 1250. A further eruption may have occurred around AD 1550, although it is possible that the material indicating this eruption is actually from the Great Eruption slowed down by colliding with older nebulosity. The mechanism producing these eruptions is unknown. It is not even clear whether the eruptions involve explosive events or so-called super-Eddington winds, an extreme form of stellar wind involving very high mass loss induced by an increase in the luminosity of the star.


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Context: Yes, two eruptions have been observed from Eta Carinae

Question: how does it's surroundings look like?

Answer: The nebula is a prominent naked eye object in the southern skies showing a complex mix of emission, reflection, and dark nebulosity

Explanation: Eta Carinae is found within the Carina Nebula, a giant star-forming region in the Carina–Sagittarius Arm of the Milky Way. The nebula is a prominent naked eye object in the southern skies showing a complex mix of emission, reflection, and dark nebulosity. Eta Carinae is known to be at the same distance as the Carina Nebula and its spectrum can be seen reflected off various star clouds in the nebula. The appearance of the Carina Nebula, and particularly of the Keyhole region, has changed significantly since it was described by John Herschel over years ago. This is thought to be due to the reduction in ionising radiation from Eta Carinae since the Great Eruption. Prior to the Great Eruption the Eta Carinae system contributed up to 20% of the total ionizing flux for the whole Carina Nebula, but that is now mostly blocked by the surrounding gas and dust.

Eta Carinae [SEP] Surroundings


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Context: The nebula is a prominent naked eye object in the southern skies showing a complex mix of emission, reflection, and dark nebulosity

Question: does it have any effect on earth?

Answer: No, but if a gamma-ray burst in any case Earth's atmosphere protects its inhabitants from all the radiation apart from UV light, the main effect would result from damage to the ozone layer

Explanation: Eta Carinae is not expected to produce a gamma-ray burst, and its axis is not currently aimed near Earth. A gamma-ray burst in any case would need to be within a few light years of Earth to have significant effects. The Earth's atmosphere protects its inhabitants from all the radiation apart from UV light (it is opaque to gamma rays, which have to be observed using space telescopes). The main effect would result from damage to the ozone layer. Eta Carinae is too far away to do that even if it did produce a gamma ray burst.

Eta Carinae [SEP] Possible effects on Earth

This would require a typical supernova to be closer than 50 light-years from Earth, and even a potential hypernova would need to be closer than Eta Carinae. Another analysis of the possible impact discusses more subtle effects from the unusual illumination, such as possible melatonin suppression with resulting insomnia and increased risk of cancer and depression. It concludes that a supernova of this magnitude would have to be much closer than Eta Carinae to have any type of major impact on Earth. Eta Carinae is not expected to produce a gamma-ray burst, and its axis is not currently aimed near Earth.


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Context: No, but if a gamma-ray burst in any case Earth's atmosphere protects its inhabitants from all the radiation apart from UV light, the main effect would result from damage to the ozone layer

Question: is it visible from earth?

Answer: Yes, Eta Carinae is comfortably visible to the naked eye in all but the most light-polluted skies in inner city areas according to the Bortle scale

Eta Carinae [SEP] Visibility

As a 4th-magnitude star, Eta Carinae is comfortably visible to the naked eye in all but the most light-polluted skies in inner city areas according to the Bortle scale. Its brightness has varied over a wide range, from the second-brightest star in the sky at one point in the 19th century to well below naked eye visibility. Its location at around 60°S in the far Southern Celestial Hemisphere means it cannot be seen by observers in Europe and much of North America. Located between Canopus and the Southern Cross, Eta Carinae is easily pinpointed as the brightest star within the large naked eye Carina Nebula.


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Context: Yes, Eta Carinae is comfortably visible to the naked eye in all but the most light-polluted skies in inner city areas according to the Bortle scale

Question: when was the one who discovered it born?

Answer: 15 March 1713

Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille [SEP] Introduction

Abbé Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille, formerly sometimes spelled de la Caille, (; 15 March 1713 – 21 March 1762) was a French astronomer and geodesist who named 14 out of the 88 constellations. From 1750 to 1754 he studied the sky at the Cape of Good Hope in present-day South Africa. Lacaille observed over 10,000 stars using just a half-inch refractor.


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Question: how was he honored?

Answer: He was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, he was also an honorary member of the academies of Saint Petersburg and Berlin, the Royal Society of London and the Royal Society of Göttingen, and the Institute of Bologna, he has the honor of naming 14 different constellations

Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille [SEP] Honours

In 1754, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He was also an honorary member of the academies of Saint Petersburg and Berlin, the Royal Society of London and the Royal Society of Göttingen, and the Institute of Bologna. Lacaille has the honor of naming 14 different constellations. List of credited constellations:


Question: what is capcom five?

Answer: Five video games unveiled by Capcom.

Capcom Five [SEP] Introduction

The Capcom Five are five video games that were unveiled by Capcom in late 2002 and published from March 2003. At a time when Nintendo's GameCube console had failed to capture market share, Capcom announced five new GameCube titles with the apparent goal of boosting hardware sales and showing off third-party developer support. Capcom USA followed up with confirmation that they would be exclusive to the GameCube. The five games were "P.N.03", a futuristic third-person shooter; "Viewtiful Joe", a side-scrolling action-platformer; "Dead Phoenix", a shoot 'em up; "Resident Evil 4", a survival horror third-person shooter; and "Killer7", an action-adventure game with first-person shooter elements.


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what is capcom five?
Five video games unveiled by Capcom.

Question: where did the mentioned type of game originate?

Answer: From inventions like - NIMROD, OXO, Tennis for Two, and Spacewar!.

Explanation: Inspired by radar display technology, it consisted of an analog device that allowed a user to control a vector-drawn dot on the screen to simulate a missile being fired at targets, which were drawings fixed to the screen. Other early examples include: Christopher Strachey's Draughts game, the Nimrod computer at the 1951 Festival of Britain; "OXO" a tic-tac-toe Computer game by Alexander S. Douglas for the EDSAC in 1952; "Tennis for Two", an electronic interactive game engineered by William Higinbotham in 1958; "Spacewar!", written by MIT students Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen's on a DEC PDP-1 computer in 1961; and the hit ping pong-style "Pong", a 1972 game by Atari. Each game used different means of display: NIMROD used a panel of lights to play the game of Nim, OXO used a graphical display to play tic-tac-toe "Tennis for Two" used an oscilloscope to display a side view of a tennis court, and "Spacewar!" used the DEC PDP-1's vector display to have two spaceships bat

Video game [SEP] Origins

Early games used interactive electronic devices with various display formats. The earliest example is from 1947—a "Cathode ray tube Amusement Device" was filed for a patent on 25 January 1947, by Thomas T. Goldsmith Jr. and Estle Ray Mann, and issued on 14 December 1948, as U.S. Patent 2455992. Inspired by radar display technology, it consisted of an analog device that allowed a user to control a vector-drawn dot on the screen to simulate a missile being fired at targets, which were drawings fixed to the screen. Other early examples include: Christopher Strachey's Draughts game, the Nimrod computer at the 1951 Festival of Britain; "OXO" a tic-tac-toe Computer game by Alexander S.


Context: what is capcom five?

Context: Five video games unveiled by Capcom.

Context: where did the mentioned type of game originate?

Context: From inventions like - NIMROD, OXO, Tennis for Two, and Spacewar!.

Question: what is the legend regarding the first one?

Answer: In Hebrew and Christian tradition, Nimrod is considered the leader of those who built the Tower of Babel in the land of Shinar.

Nimrod [SEP] Traditions and legends

In Hebrew and Christian tradition, Nimrod is considered the leader of those who built the Tower of Babel in the land of Shinar, though the Bible never actually states this. Nimrod's kingdom included the cities of Babel, Erech, Akkad, and perhaps Calneh, in Shinar (Gen 10:10). Flavius Josephus believed that it was likely under his direction that the building of Babel and its tower began; in addition to Josephus, this is also the view found in the Talmud ("Chullin" 89a, "Pesahim" 94b, "Erubin" 53a, "Avodah Zarah" 53b), and later "midrash" such as "Genesis Rabba". Several of these early Judaic sources also assert that the king Amraphel, who wars with Abraham later in Genesis, is none other than Nimrod himself.


Context: what is capcom five?

Context: Five video games unveiled by Capcom.

Context: what is the legend regarding the first one?

Context: In Hebrew and Christian tradition, Nimrod is considered the leader of those who built the Tower of Babel in the land of Shinar.

Question: what is its historical interpretations?

Answer: Historians have long tried to find links between Nimrod and real historically attested figures in Mesopotamia.

Nimrod [SEP] Historical interpretations

Historians, Orientalists, Assyriologists and mythographers have long tried to find links between Nimrod and real historically attested figures in Mesopotamia. Since the city of Akkad was destroyed and lost with the destruction of its Empire in the period 2200–2154 BC (long chronology), the stories mentioning Nimrod seem to recall the late Early Bronze Age. The association with Erech (Sumero-Akkadian Uruk), a city that lost its prime importance around 2,000 BC as a result of struggles between Isin, Ur, Larsa and Elam, also attests the early provenance of the stories of Nimrod. Several Mesopotamian ruins were given Nimrod's name by 8th-century AD Arabs, including the ruins of the Assyrian city of Kalhu (the biblical Calah), built by Shalmaneser I (1274–1244 BC) A number of attempts to connect him with historical figures have been made.


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Context: Five video games unveiled by Capcom.

Context: what is its historical interpretations?

Context: Historians have long tried to find links between Nimrod and real historically attested figures in Mesopotamia.

Question: what is the history behind the second mentioned invention?

Answer: Douglas used the EDSAC to simulate a game of noughts and crosses, and display the state of the game on the screen.

Explanation:
As a part of a thesis on human-computer interaction, Sandy Douglas, a doctoral candidate in mathematics at the university, used one of these screens to portray other information to the user; he chose to do so via displaying the current state of a game.

Douglas used the EDSAC to simulate a game of noughts and crosses, and display the state of the game on the screen. Like other early video games, after serving Douglas's purpose, the game was discarded. Douglas did not give the game a name beyond "noughts and crosses"; the name "OXO" first appeared as the name of the simulation file created by computer historian Martin Campbell-Kelly while creating a simulation of the EDSAC several decades later.

OXO [SEP] History

The Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC) mainframe computer was built in the University of Cambridge's Mathematical Laboratory between 1946 and 6 May 1949, when it ran its first program, and remained in use until 11 July 1958. The EDSAC was one of the first stored-program computers, with memory that could be read from or written to, and filled an entire room; it included three 35×16 dot matrix cathode ray tubes (CRTs) to graphically display the state of the computer's memory. As a part of a thesis on human-computer interaction, Sandy Douglas, a doctoral candidate in mathematics at the university, used one of these screens to portray other information to the user; he chose to do so via displaying the current state of a game.


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Context: Douglas used the EDSAC to simulate a game of noughts and crosses, and display the state of the game on the screen.

Question: what is the interaction capacity of this?

Answer: One user against an artificially intelligent opponent.

OXO [SEP] Interaction

Each game was played by one user against an artificially intelligent opponent, which could play a "perfect" game. The player entered their input using a rotary telephone controller, selecting which of the nine squares on the board they wished to move next. Their move would appear on the screen, and then the computer's move would follow; the game display only updated when the game state changed. "OXO" was not available to the general public and could only be played in the University of Cambridge's Mathematical Laboratory by special permission, as the EDSAC could not be moved, and both the computer and the game were only intended for academic research purposes.


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Context: what is the interaction capacity of this?

Context: One user against an artificially intelligent opponent.

Question: what is the development of the third mentioned invention?

Answer: Higinbotham designed a game that used an oscilloscope to display the path of a simulated ball on a tennis court viewed from the side.

Explanation: Higinbotham designed a game that used an oscilloscope to display the path of a simulated ball on a tennis court viewed from the side. The attached computer calculated the path of the ball and reversed its path when it hit the ground. The game also simulated the ball hitting the net if it did not achieve a high enough arc as well as changes in velocity due to drag from air resistance.

Tennis for Two [SEP] Development

The attached computer calculated the path of the ball and reversed its path when it hit the ground. The game also simulated the ball hitting the net if it did not achieve a high enough arc as well as changes in velocity due to drag from air resistance. Two aluminum controllers were attached to the computer, each consisting of a button and a knob. Pressing the button hit the ball, and turning a knob controlled the angle of the shot. Originally, Higinbotham considered having a second knob to control the velocity of the shot, but decided it would make the controller too complicated.


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Context: Five video games unveiled by Capcom.

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Context: Higinbotham designed a game that used an oscilloscope to display the path of a simulated ball on a tennis court viewed from the side.

Question: what is its legacy?

Answer: It received attention as articles in "Creative Computing" and "Video Replay".

Tennis for Two [SEP] Legacy

After being dismantled, "Tennis for Two" was largely forgotten. It remained virtually unknown until the late 1970s and early 1980s when Higinbotham was called on to testify in court cases for defendants sued by Magnavox over the video game patents of Ralph H. Baer. Having discovered the game, the lawyers for the defense unsuccessfully attempted to have the game declared prior art to invalidate Baer's patents on television video games, resulting in attention being given to the nearly 20-year-old game as possibly the first video game. It received further attention as the subject of articles in "Creative Computing" and "Video Replay" in 1982 and 1983 highlighting its possible status as the first video game; the editor of "Creative Computing", David H.


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Context: Five video games unveiled by Capcom.

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Context: It received attention as articles in "Creative Computing" and "Video Replay".

Question: how was it presented?

Answer: Rendered as a horizontal line, representing the tennis court, and a short vertical line in the center, representing the tennis net.

Tennis for Two [SEP] Presentation

"Tennis for Two" was first shown on October 18, 1958. The game was rendered as a horizontal line, representing the tennis court, and a short vertical line in the center, representing the tennis net. The first player would press the button on their controller to send the ball, a point of light, over the net, and it would either hit the net, reach the other side of the court, or fly out of bounds. The second player could then hit the ball back with their controller while it was on their side, either before or after it bounced on the ground.


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Context: Rendered as a horizontal line, representing the tennis court, and a short vertical line in the center, representing the tennis net.

Question: where was the aforementioned designer born?

Answer: Bridgeport, Connecticut

William Higinbotham [SEP] Early life

Higinbotham was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and grew up in Caledonia, New York. His father was a minister in the Presbyterian Church. He earned his undergraduate degree from Williams College in 1932 and continued his studies at Cornell University. He worked on the radar system at MIT from 1941 to 1943.


Question: who is the black guy from doctor strange

Answer: Chiwetel Ejiofor

Explanation: Doctor Strange is a 2016 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the 14th film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film was directed by Scott Derrickson from a screenplay he wrote with Jon Spaihts and C. Robert Cargill, and stars Benedict Cumberbatch as surgeon Stephen Strange along with Chiwetel Ejiofor, Rachel McAdams, Benedict Wong, Michael Stuhlbarg, Benjamin Bratt, Scott Adkins, Mads Mikkelsen, and Tilda Swinton. In the film, Strange learns the mystic arts after a career-ending car crash.

Doctor Strange (2016 film) [SEP] Introduction


Context: who is the black guy from doctor strange

Context: Chiwetel Ejiofor

Question: what is the genre of the movie?

Answer: American superhero film

Explanation: Doctor Strange is a 2016 American superhero film