Context: what is control?

Context: A third studio album

Context: whose album?

Context: American recording artist Janet Jackson

Context: when was it released?

Context: February 4, 1986

Context: can you name a song from the album?

Context: Yes

Context: Yes

Context: who shot it?

Context: what else is this stadium used for?

Context: is it the venue for any academic ceremony?

Context: Yes, for high school graduation ceremonies

Question: when did the above choreographer begin his career?

Answer: 1982

Paula Abdul [SEP] 1982–1986: Career beginnings

Abdul was discovered by The Jacksons, after a few of the band members had watched her while attending a Los Angeles Lakers game. She was signed to do the choreography for the video to their single "Torture". Abdul recalled feeling intimidated by having to tell the Jacksons how to dance, stating that she was "not quite sure how [she] got through that." The success of the choreography in the video led to Abdul's career as choreographer of music videos, notably Janet Jackson's "What Have You Done for Me Lately", "Nasty" and "Control" videos. It was also due to the success of the video that Abdul was chosen to be the choreographer for the Jacksons' "Victory" tour.


Context: what is control?

Context: A third studio album

Context: whose album?

Context: American recording artist Janet Jackson

Context: when was it released?

Context: February 4, 1986

Context: can you name a song from the album?

Context: "What Have You Done for Me Lately", "Nasty", "Control"

Context: where was the second song performed live?

Context: At the 1987 Grammy Awards, at the Aloha Stadium in Hawaii, at Essence Music Festival in New Orleans

Context: is the above artist the composer of this song?

Context: Yes

Context: was any music video shot for the first song?

Context: Yes

Context: who shot it?

Context: Directed by Brian Jones and Piers Ashworth and the video's choreographer was Paula Abdul

Context: any place where this song may have been performed?

Context: The Aloha Stadium in Hawaii; New Orleans, Louisiana; Las Vegas

Context: what else is this stadium used for?

Context: It hosts the NCAA's Hawaii Bowl and Hula Bowl, it also hosts numerous high school football games, and serves as a venue for large concerts and events

Context: when did the above choreographer begin his career?

Question: and what was that work?

Answer: She was signed to do the choreography for the video to their single "Torture".

Explanation: She was signed to do the choreography for the video to their single "Torture".


Context: what is control?

Context: A third studio album

Context: whose album?

Context: American recording artist Janet Jackson

Context: when was it released?

Context: February 4, 1986

Context: can you name a song from the album?

Context: Yes

Context: Yes

Context: who shot it?

Context: what else is this stadium used for?

Context: and what was that work?

Context: She was signed to do the choreography for the video to their single "Torture".

Question: where is she from?

Answer: San Fernando, California

Paula Abdul [SEP] Early life

Abdul was born in San Fernando, California to Jewish parents. Abdul's father, Harry Abdul, was born into the Syrian-Jewish community in Aleppo, Syria, and was raised in Brazil and emigrated to the United States. Her mother, the concert pianist Lorraine M. Rykiss, grew up in one of the two Canadian Jewish families in Minnedosa, Manitoba and has Ashkenazi Jewish ancestors from Ukraine. Abdul has a sister named Wendy. As an avid dancer, Abdul was inspired towards a show business career by Gene Kelly in the film "Singin' in the Rain". Abdul began taking dance lessons at an early age in ballet, jazz, and tap.


Context: what is control?

Context: A third studio album

Context: whose album?

Context: American recording artist Janet Jackson

Context: when was it released?

Context: February 4, 1986

Context: can you name a song from the album?

Context: Yes

Context: Yes

Context: who shot it?

Context: what else is this stadium used for?

Context: and what was that work?

Context: where is she from?

Context: San Fernando, California

Question: can you mention two of her works during 2010 to 15?

Answer: A guest judge on "So You Think You Can Dance" and a judge on the revamped "So You Think You Can Dance Australia"

Paula Abdul [SEP] 2010–2015: "Live to Dance", "The X Factor" and "So You Think You Can Dance"

In January 2012, Abdul announced that she would not be returning as a judge for the series' second season. Abdul was replaced by Demi Lovato. In October 2012, Abdul served as a guest judge during week four of the "All-Stars version" of "Dancing with the Stars". In April 2013, Abdul appeared on the Top 5 results show of season 12 of "American Idol" to compliment contestant Candice Glover on her performance of "Straight Up". On July 9, 2013, Abdul was a guest judge on "So You Think You Can Dance" (season ten). In October 2013, Abdul was named as a judge on the revamped "So You Think You Can Dance Australia", which aired on Australia's Network Ten from February 9 through May 1, 2014.


Context: what is control?

Context: A third studio album

Context: whose album?

Context: American recording artist Janet Jackson

Context: when was it released?

Context: February 4, 1986

Context: can you name a song from the album?

Context: Yes

Context: Yes

Context: who shot it?

Context: what else is this stadium used for?

Context: and what was that work?

Context: where is she from?

Context: San Fernando, California

Context: can you mention two of her works during 2010 to 15?

Context: A guest judge on "So You Think You Can Dance" and a judge on the revamped "So You Think You Can Dance Australia"

Question: which dancing style the former one portrayed?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

In January 2010, Abdul presented a Lifetime Achievement Award to choreographer Julie McDonald at the 11th Anniversary show of . In November, Abdul launched and co-founded AuditionBooth.com, a website that allows aspiring talents to connect with casting directors, producers, and managers. In January 2011, Abdul began appearing on the short-lived CBS reality competition series "Live to Dance", where she was also an executive producer. Abdul said that unlike "American Idol", "Live to Dance" is less about "competition" and more about "celebration." After its first season of seven episodes, it was cancelled by CBS. In May 2011, it was announced that Abdul would rejoin Cowell on the first season of the American edition of "The X Factor".


Question: who designed the three-cent silver?

Answer: James B. Longacre.

Three-cent silver [SEP] Introduction

The three-cent silver, also known as the three-cent piece in silver or trime, was struck by the Mint of the United States for circulation from 1851 to 1872, and as a proof coin in 1873. Designed by the Mint's chief engraver, James B. Longacre, it circulated well while other silver coinage was being hoarded and melted, but once that problem was addressed, became less used. It was abolished by Congress with the Coinage Act of 1873. After a massive importation of gold bullion during the California Gold Rush, silver could be traded for increasing amounts of gold, so U.S. silver coins were exported and melted for their metal.


Context:
who designed the three-cent silver?
James B. Longacre.

Question: did they came out in different types?

Answer: Yes, three types.

Explanation: Longacre's original design for the reverse (type 1) was altered when the fineness of the coin was increased in 1854, to aid the public in distinguishing between them. For the type 2 and type 3,

Three-cent silver [SEP] Design

For the type 2 and type 3, (the reverses of which are identical, the only differences between the two types are on the obverse) an olive sprig, a symbol of peace, was added over the "III", and a bundle of three arrows, a symbol of war, below it. The arrows are bound by a ribbon.


Context:
who designed the three-cent silver?
James B. Longacre.
did they came out in different types?
Yes, three types.

Question: who struck the cent?

Answer: The Mint of the United States.

Explanation: The three-cent silver, also known as the three-cent piece in silver or trime, was struck by the Mint of the United States for circulatio

Three-cent silver [SEP] Introduction


Context:
who designed the three-cent silver?
James B. Longacre.
did they came out in different types?
Yes, three types.
who struck the cent?
The Mint of the United States.

Question: where was the engraver of this cent born?

Answer: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

James B. Longacre [SEP] Early life; private sector career

James Barton Longacre was born on a farm in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, on August 11, 1794. His mother Sarah (Barton) Longacre died early in his life; his father, Peter Longacre, was the descendant of early Swedish settlers of North America. When Peter Longacre remarried, his son found the home life intolerable, and James Longacre left home at the age of 12, seeking work in the nearby city of Philadelphia. He apprenticed himself at a bookstore; the owner, John E. Watson, took the boy into his family. Over the following years, Longacre worked in the bookstore, but Watson realized that the boy's skill was in portraiture.


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: where was the engraver of this cent born?

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Question: has he designed any other coins?

Answer: Indian Head cent, Shield nickel and the Flying Eagle cent.

James B. Longacre [SEP] Introduction

James Barton Longacre (August 11, 1794 – January 1, 1869) was an American portraitist and engraver, and the fourth Chief Engraver of the United States Mint from 1844 until his death. Longacre is best known for designing the Indian Head cent, which entered commerce in 1859, and for the designs of the Shield nickel, Flying Eagle cent and other coins of the mid-19th century. Longacre was born in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, in 1794. He ran away to Philadelphia at age 12, where he became an apprentice in a bookstore. His artistic talent developed and he was released to apprentice in an engraving firm.


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Context: has he designed any other coins?

Context: Indian Head cent, Shield nickel and the Flying Eagle cent.

Question: was the first one replaced?

Answer: The Flying Eagle was replaced with the Indian head design.

Indian Head cent [SEP] Introduction

In 1857 the Mint reduced the size of the cent and changed the composition to 12% nickel and 88% copper (copper-nickel), issuing a new design, the Flying Eagle cent. The new pieces were identical in diameter to modern cents, though thicker. This was the first use of copper-nickel by the United States. The copper-nickel made them look brighter and they began to be called "White cent" or "Nicks". In 1858 the Flying Eagle was replaced with the Indian head design. The Flying Eagle design caused production difficulties and the Mint soon looked to replace it. Mint Director James Ross Snowden selected the Indian Head design and chose a laurel wreath for the reverse that was replaced in 1860 by an oak wreath with a shield.


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Context: has he designed any other coins?

Context: was the first one replaced?

Context: The Flying Eagle was replaced with the Indian head design.

Question: was there a shortage of this coin?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Indian Head cent [SEP] Introduction

The Indian Head cent, also known as an Indian Head penny, was a one-cent coin ($0.01) produced by the United States Bureau of the Mint from 1859 to 1909. It was designed by James Barton Longacre, the Chief Engraver at the Philadelphia Mint. From 1793 to 1857, the cent was a copper coin about the size of a half dollar. The discovery of gold in California caused a large inflation in prices. As gold became more abundant, the price of copper rose. Cent and half-cent manufacture was one of the only profit centers for the Mint and by 1850 the Mint began looking for alternatives.


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Context: has he designed any other coins?

Context: was the first one replaced?

Context: was there a shortage of this coin?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: which rivers can you find at the engravers birth place?

Answer: The Delaware River.

Delaware County, Pennsylvania [SEP] Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (3.5%) is water. It is the third-smallest county in Pennsylvania by area. Delaware County is roughly diamond- or kite-shaped, with the four sides formed by the Chester County boundary to the northwest, the boundary with the state of Delaware (a portion of the "Twelve Mile Circle") to the southwest, the Delaware River (forming the border with the state of New Jersey) to the southeast, and the city of Philadelphia and Montgomery County to the east and northeast. The lowest point in the state of Pennsylvania is located on the Delaware River in Marcus Hook in Delaware County, where it flows out of Pennsylvania and into Delaware.


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Context: has he designed any other coins?

Context: was the first one replaced?

Context: was there a shortage of this coin?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which rivers can you find at the engravers birth place?

Context: The Delaware River.

Question: what is the population of the county?

Answer: 550,864 people.

Delaware County, Pennsylvania [SEP] Demographics

As of the 2010 census, the county was 71.1% White non-Hispanic, 19.7% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American or Alaskan Native, 4.7% Asian, 0.0% Native Hawaiian, 2.0% were two or more races, and 0.9% were some other race. 3.0% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry. As of the 2000 census, there were 550,864 people, 206,320 households, and 139,472 families residing in the county. The population density was 2,990 people per square mile (1,155/km). There were 216,978 housing units at an average density of 1,178 per square mile (455/km). The racial makeup of the county was 80.32% White, 14.52% African American, 0.11% Native American, 3.29% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.56% from other races, and 1.19% from two or more races.


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Context: has he designed any other coins?

Context: was the first one replaced?

Context: was there a shortage of this coin?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Delaware River.

Context: what is the population of the county?

Context: 550,864 people.

Question: does it have neighboring countries?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Context: has he designed any other coins?

Context: was the first one replaced?

Context: was there a shortage of this coin?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Delaware River.

Context: what is the population of the county?

Context: 550,864 people.

Context: does it have neighboring countries?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: are there any neighbouring countries?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Context: has he designed any other coins?

Context: was the first one replaced?

Context: was there a shortage of this coin?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Delaware River.

Context: what is the population of the county?

Context: 550,864 people.

Context: does it have neighboring countries?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there any neighbouring countries?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: are there any neighbouring counties?

Answer: Yes, Nevada County, Texas County and Ohio County.

Delaware County, Pennsylvania [SEP] Adjacent counties

Delaware County is one of four counties in the United States to border a state with which it shares the same name (the other three are Nevada County, California, Texas County, Oklahoma, and Ohio County, West Virginia).


Context: who designed the three-cent silver?

Context: James B. Longacre.

Context: did they came out in different types?

Context: Yes, three types.

Context: who struck the cent?

Context: The Mint of the United States.

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania.

Context: has he designed any other coins?

Context: was the first one replaced?

Context: was there a shortage of this coin?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: The Delaware River.

Context: what is the population of the county?

Context: 550,864 people.

Context: does it have neighboring countries?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there any neighbouring countries?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there any neighbouring counties?

Context: Yes, Nevada County, Texas County and Ohio County.

Question: does the first one have airports?

Answer: Yes, Nevada County Air Park.

Nevada County, California [SEP] Airports

Nevada County Air Park is a general aviation airport located just east of Grass Valley. Truckee Tahoe Airport is a general aviation airport in Truckee, partially in Nevada County and partially in Placer County. Rough and Ready


Question: what is the story of the blair witch project

Answer: Rustin Parr, a hermit who lived in the woods and kidnapped seven children in the 1940s, supposedly killing all of them on the orders of the witch.

The Blair Witch Project [SEP] Plot

In October 1994, film students Heather, Mike, and Josh set out to produce a documentary about the fabled Blair Witch. They travel to Burkittsville, Maryland, and interview residents about the legend. Locals tell them of Rustin Parr, a hermit who lived in the woods and kidnapped seven children in the 1940s, supposedly killing all of them on the orders of the witch. The students explore the woods in north Burkittsville to research the legend. They meet two fishermen, one of whom warns them that the woods are haunted. He tells them of a young girl named Robin Weaver, who went missing in 1888; when she returned three days later, she talked about "an old woman whose feet never touched the ground." The students hike to Coffin Rock, where five men were found ritualistically murdered in the 19th century.


Context: what is the story of the blair witch project

Context: Rustin Parr, a hermit who lived in the woods and kidnapped seven children in the 1940s, supposedly killing all of them on the orders of the witch.

Question: when was the film released?

Answer: July 14, 1999

Explanation: July 14, 1999

The Blair Witch Project [SEP] Release

"The Blair Witch Project" premiered as a Midnight Screening on Saturday, January 23, 1999 at the Sundance Film Festival, and opened Wednesday, July 14, 1999 at the Angelika Film Center in New York City before expanding to 25 cities at the weekend. It expanded nationwide on July 30.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Question: who is the director?

Answer: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Explanation: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez.

The Blair Witch Project [SEP] Introduction

The Blair Witch Project is a 1999 American supernatural horror film written, directed and edited by Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez. It is based on the purportedly true story of three student filmmakers—Heather Donahue, Michael C. Williams, and Joshua Leonard—who hike in the Black Hills near Burkittsville, Maryland in 1994 to film a documentary about a local legend known as the Blair Witch. The three disappear, but their equipment and footage is discovered a year later. The purportedly "recovered footage" is the film the viewer sees. Myrick and Sánchez conceived of a fictional legend of the Blair Witch in 1993.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Question: which location was used for the shooting of this film?

Answer: Seneca Creek State Park in Montgomery County, Maryland

The Blair Witch Project [SEP] Filming

Principal photography began on October 23, 1997 in Maryland and lasted eight days, overseen by cinematographer Neal Fredericks. Most of the film was shot in Seneca Creek State Park in Montgomery County, Maryland. A few scenes were filmed in the historic town of Burkittsville. Some of the townspeople interviewed in the film were not actors, and some were planted actors, unknown to the main cast. Donahue had never operated a camera before and spent two days in a "crash course". Donahue said she modeled her character after a director she had once worked with, noting her character's "self-assuredness" when everything went as planned, and confusion during crisis.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: which location was used for the shooting of this film?

Context: Seneca Creek State Park in Montgomery County, Maryland

Question: how much did it make?

Answer: By the end of its theatrical run, the film grossed $140.5 million in the US and Canada and grossed $108.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $248.6 million

Explanation: by the end of its theatrical run, the film grossed $140.5 million in the US and Canada and grossed $108.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $248.6 million

The Blair Witch Project [SEP] Box office

"The Blair Witch Project" was the 10th highest-grossing film in the US in 1999, and has earned the reputation of becoming a sleeper hit. Because the filming was done by the actors using hand-held cameras, much of the footage is shaky, especially the final sequence in which a character is running down a set of stairs with the camera. Some audience members experienced motion sickness and even vomited as a result.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: By the end of its theatrical run, the film grossed $140.5 million in the US and Canada and grossed $108.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $248.6 million

Question: what is the area covered by the above mentioned park?

Answer: It encompasses more than along 14 miles of Seneca Creek in its run to the Potomac River in Montgomery County, Maryland

Seneca Creek State Park [SEP] Introduction

Seneca Creek State Park is a public recreation area encompassing more than along 14 miles of Seneca Creek in its run to the Potomac River in Montgomery County, Maryland. The park features facilities for boating and fishing as well as trails for hiking, cycling, and horseback riding. It is managed by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: what is the area covered by the above mentioned park?

Context: It encompasses more than along 14 miles of Seneca Creek in its run to the Potomac River in Montgomery County, Maryland

Question: does the park contain any historical sites?

Answer: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Seneca Creek State Park [SEP] Historic sites

The remains of Seneca Quarry, built in 1837, is off Tschiffely Mill Road just west of where Seneca Creek empties into the Potomac. The mill cut the red sandstone for the Smithsonian Castle. The restored quarry masters house stands above the quarry site. Both are part of the state park. The partially restored Black Rock Mill has interpretive exhibits featuring a history of area floods. The Seneca Schoolhouse is a restored 19th-century schoolhouse which was built for the children of local quarry laborers. Parts of the park were once part of an estate owned by the Clopper family. The Woodlands area near the Clopper Lake Day Use Area commemorates the Clopper family with a self-guided trail that offers a look into life in the 19th century.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: does the park contain any historical sites?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Question: when was this park founded?

Answer: 1958

Seneca Creek State Park [SEP] History

The park opened as Seneca State Park in 1958. The Maryland General Assembly authorized funds for land purchases in each year from 1965 to 1968. The park saw "Stage A" development when, in the 1966, the General Assembly authorized funds for camping and picnicking sites, roads, utilities, buildings, and other features. In 1975, Clopper Lake was created for recreational use and flood control by damming Long Draught Creek, a tributary of Seneca Creek. The developed portion of the state park centers on Clopper Lake and the Clopper Lake Day Use Area which is bounded by Clopper Road to the north, Longdraft Road to the east, Great Seneca Highway to the south, and Riffleford Road to the west in Gaithersburg.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Question: where does the above mentioned river originates?

Answer: Mid-Atlantic region

Explanation: Mid-Atlantic region

Potomac River [SEP] Introduction

The Potomac River () is found within the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States and flows from the Potomac Highlands into the Chesapeake Bay. The river (main stem and North Branch) is approximately long, with a drainage area of about 14,700 square miles (38,000 km). In terms of area, this makes the Potomac River the fourth largest river along the Atlantic coast of the United States and the 21st largest in the United States. Over 5 million people live within the Potomac watershed. The river forms part of the borders between Maryland and Washington, D.C., on the left descending bank and West Virginia and Virginia on the river's right descending bank.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: where does the above mentioned river originates?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Question: which species of fish are found in this river?

Answer: Bass, muskellunge, pike, walleye, northern snakehead.

Explanation: bass, muskellunge, pike, walleye.

Potomac River [SEP] Fish

A variety of fish inhabit the Potomac, including bass, muskellunge, pike, walleye. The northern snakehead, an invasive species resembling the native bowfin, lamprey, and American eel, was first seen in 2004. Many types of sunfish are also present in the Potomac and its headwaters. Although rare, bull sharks can be found. After having been depressed for many decades, the river's population of American Shad is currently re-bounding as a result of the ICPRB's successful "American Shad Restoration Project" that was begun in 1995. In addition to stocking the river with more than 22 million shad fry, the Project supervised construction of a fishway that was built to facilitate the passage of adults around the Little Falls Dam on the way to their traditional spawning grounds upstream.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Context: which species of fish are found in this river?

Context: Bass, muskellunge, pike, walleye, northern snakehead.

Question: what is the second one?

Answer: It is a species of large freshwater fish native to North America.

Muskellunge [SEP] Introduction

The muskellunge "(Esox masquinongy)", often shortened to muskie, musky or lunge, is a species of large freshwater fish native to North America. It is the largest member of the pike family, Esocidae.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Context: what is the second one?

Context: It is a species of large freshwater fish native to North America.

Question: where is their name derived from?

Answer: The origin of the name muskellunge is from the Ojibwe words "maashkinoozhe" meaning great fish, "maskinoše" or "mashkinonge" meaning big pike and the Algonquin word "maskinunga".

Muskellunge [SEP] Origin of name

The origin of the name muskellunge is from the Ojibwe words "maashkinoozhe" meaning great fish, "maskinoše" or "mashkinonge" meaning big pike and the Algonquin word "maskinunga". The French Canadien word is either "masquinongé" or "maskinongé". In English before settling on the common name muskellunge, a variety of names were used including "muskelunge", "muscallonge", "muskallonge", "milliganong", "maskinonge", "maskalonge", "muskinunge" and "masquenongez".


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Context: what is the second one?

Context: where is their name derived from?

Context: The origin of the name muskellunge is from the Ojibwe words "maashkinoozhe" meaning great fish, "maskinoše" or "mashkinonge" meaning big pike and the Algonquin word "maskinunga".

Question: what does this fish look like?

Answer: The body plan is typical of ambush predators with an elongated body, flat head, and dorsal, pelvic, and anal fins set far back on the body. Muskellunge are typically long and weigh

Muskellunge [SEP] Description

Muskellunge closely resemble other esocids such as the northern pike and American pickerel in both appearance and behavior. Like the northern pike and other aggressive pikes, the body plan is typical of ambush predators with an elongated body, flat head, and dorsal, pelvic, and anal fins set far back on the body. Muskellunge are typically long and weigh , though some have reached up to and almost . According to past references the muskellunge attains 8 feet (244 cm) in length; this, however, has never been confirmed and is based most likely on exaggerations. Martin Arthur Williamson caught a muskellunge with a weight of 61.25 lb (27.8 kg) in November 2000 on Georgian Bay.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Context: what is the second one?

Context: where is their name derived from?

Context: what does this fish look like?

Context: The body plan is typical of ambush predators with an elongated body, flat head, and dorsal, pelvic, and anal fins set far back on the body. Muskellunge are typically long and weigh

Question: how can you describe its behavior?

Answer: Muskellunge are sometimes gregarious, forming small schools in distinct territories.

Muskellunge [SEP] Behavior

Muskellunge are sometimes gregarious, forming small schools in distinct territories. They spawn in mid to late spring, somewhat later than northern pike, over shallow, vegetated areas. A rock or sand bottom is preferred for spawning so the eggs do not sink into the mud and suffocate. The males arrive first and attempt to establish dominance over a territory. Spawning may last from five to 10 days and occurs mainly at night. The eggs are negatively buoyant and slightly adhesive; they adhere to plants and the bottom of the lake. Soon afterward, they are abandoned by the adults. Those embryos which are not eaten by fish, insects, or crayfish hatch within two weeks.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Context: what is the second one?

Context: where is their name derived from?

Context: what does this fish look like?

Context: how can you describe its behavior?

Context: Muskellunge are sometimes gregarious, forming small schools in distinct territories.

Question: apart from fish, are any mammals also found in the river mentioned above?

Answer: Bison, elk, wolves ( gray and red) and panthers (cougars), beavers and otters

Potomac River [SEP] Mammals

Early European colonists who settled along the Potomac found a diversity of large and small mammals living in the dense forests nearby. Bison, elk, wolves ( gray and red) and panthers (cougars) were still present at that time, but had been hunted to extirpation by the middle of the 19th century. Among the denizens of the Potomac's banks, beavers and otters met a similar fate, while small populations of minks and martens survived into the 20th century in some secluded areas. There is no record of early settlers having observed marine mammals in the Potomac, but several sightings of Atlantic Bottle-nosed Dolphins ("Tursiops truncatus") were reported during the 19th century.


Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: how much did it make?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Context: what is the second one?

Context: where is their name derived from?

Context: what does this fish look like?

Context: how can you describe its behavior?

Context: apart from fish, are any mammals also found in the river mentioned above?

Context: Bison, elk, wolves ( gray and red) and panthers (cougars), beavers and otters

Question: what are the characteristics of the last one?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Potomac River [SEP] Mammals


Context: what is the story of the blair witch project

Context: Rustin Parr, a hermit who lived in the woods and kidnapped seven children in the 1940s, supposedly killing all of them on the orders of the witch.

Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: which location was used for the shooting of this film?

Context: Seneca Creek State Park in Montgomery County, Maryland

Context: how much did it make?

Context: By the end of its theatrical run, the film grossed $140.5 million in the US and Canada and grossed $108.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $248.6 million

Context: what is the area covered by the above mentioned park?

Context: It encompasses more than along 14 miles of Seneca Creek in its run to the Potomac River in Montgomery County, Maryland

Context: does the park contain any historical sites?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: where does the above mentioned river originates?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Context: which species of fish are found in this river?

Context: Bass, muskellunge, pike, walleye, northern snakehead.

Context: what is the second one?

Context: It is a species of large freshwater fish native to North America.

Context: where is their name derived from?

Context: The origin of the name muskellunge is from the Ojibwe words "maashkinoozhe" meaning great fish, "maskinoše" or "mashkinonge" meaning big pike and the Algonquin word "maskinunga".

Context: what does this fish look like?

Context: The body plan is typical of ambush predators with an elongated body, flat head, and dorsal, pelvic, and anal fins set far back on the body. Muskellunge are typically long and weigh

Context: how can you describe its behavior?

Context: Muskellunge are sometimes gregarious, forming small schools in distinct territories.

Context: apart from fish, are any mammals also found in the river mentioned above?

Context: Bison, elk, wolves ( gray and red) and panthers (cougars), beavers and otters

Context: what are the characteristics of the last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how the last animal from the above list is used commercially?

Answer: Otters have been hunted for their pelts

Explanation: Otters have been hunted for their pelts

Otter [SEP] Hunting

Otters have been hunted for their pelts from at least the 1700s, although it may have begun well before then. Early hunting methods included darts, arrows, nets and snares but later, traps were set on land and guns used. There has been a long history of otter pelts being worn around the world. In China it was standard for the royalty to wear robes made from them. People that were financially high in status also wore them. The tails of otters were often made into items for men to wear. These included hats and belts. Even some types of mittens for children have been made from the fur of otters.


Context: what is the story of the blair witch project

Context: Rustin Parr, a hermit who lived in the woods and kidnapped seven children in the 1940s, supposedly killing all of them on the orders of the witch.

Context: when was the film released?

Context: July 14, 1999

Context: who is the director?

Context: Daniel Myrick and Eduardo Sánchez

Context: which location was used for the shooting of this film?

Context: Seneca Creek State Park in Montgomery County, Maryland

Context: how much did it make?

Context: By the end of its theatrical run, the film grossed $140.5 million in the US and Canada and grossed $108.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $248.6 million

Context: what is the area covered by the above mentioned park?

Context: It encompasses more than along 14 miles of Seneca Creek in its run to the Potomac River in Montgomery County, Maryland

Context: does the park contain any historical sites?

Context: Seneca Quarry, Seneca Creek

Context: when was this park founded?

Context: where does the above mentioned river originates?

Context: Mid-Atlantic region

Context: which species of fish are found in this river?

Context: Bass, muskellunge, pike, walleye, northern snakehead.

Context: what is the second one?

Context: It is a species of large freshwater fish native to North America.

Context: where is their name derived from?

Context: The origin of the name muskellunge is from the Ojibwe words "maashkinoozhe" meaning great fish, "maskinoše" or "mashkinonge" meaning big pike and the Algonquin word "maskinunga".

Context: what does this fish look like?

Context: The body plan is typical of ambush predators with an elongated body, flat head, and dorsal, pelvic, and anal fins set far back on the body. Muskellunge are typically long and weigh

Context: how can you describe its behavior?

Context: Muskellunge are sometimes gregarious, forming small schools in distinct territories.

Context: apart from fish, are any mammals also found in the river mentioned above?

Context: Bison, elk, wolves ( gray and red) and panthers (cougars), beavers and otters

Context: what are the characteristics of the last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how the last animal from the above list is used commercially?

Context: Otters have been hunted for their pelts

Question: how are they related to religion and mythology?

Answer: Norse mythology tells of the dwarf Ótr habitually taking the form of an otter. The myth of "Otter's Ransom" is the starting point of the Volsunga saga. In some Native American cultures, otters are considered totem animals. The otter is held to be a clean animal belonging to Ahura Mazda in Zoroastrian belief, and taboo to kill

Explanation:
Norse mythology tells of the dwarf Ótr habitually taking the form of an otter. The myth of "Otter's Ransom" is the starting point of the Volsunga saga.

In some Native American cultures, otters are considered totem animals.

The otter is held to be a clean animal belonging to Ahura Mazda in Zoroastrian belief, and taboo to kill.

Otter [SEP] Religion and mythology


Question: when was the poem still i rise written

Answer: 1978

And Still I Rise [SEP] Introduction

And Still I Rise is author Maya Angelou's third volume of poetry, published by Random House in 1978. It was published during one of the most productive periods in Angelou's career; she had written three autobiographies and published two other volumes of poetry up to that point. Angelou considered herself a poet and a playwright, but was best known for her seven autobiographies, especially her first," I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings", although her poetry has also been successful. She began, early in her writing career, alternating the publication of an autobiography and a volume of poetry. Although her poetry collections have been best-sellers, they have not received serious critical attention.


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Question: who wrote it?

Answer: Maya Angelou

And Still I Rise [SEP] Introduction


Context:
when was the poem still i rise written
1978
who wrote it?
Maya Angelou

Question: who published it?

Answer: Random House

And Still I Rise [SEP] Introduction


Context:
when was the poem still i rise written
1978
who wrote it?
Maya Angelou
who published it?
Random House

Question: what is the theme of this written work of hers?

Answer: Hope and determination to surpass all difficulties, self-confidence and strength to not be pushed into passivity

And Still I Rise [SEP] Themes

According to scholar Carol E. Neubauer, the themes in the poems in "And Still I Rise," as the title of the volume suggests, focus on a hopeful determination to rise above difficulty and discouragement. Neubauer states, "These poems are inspired and spoken by a confident voice of strength that recognizes its own power and will no longer be pushed into passivity". Angelou focuses on the same themes as her previous volumes, including love, loneliness, and Southern racism, but with the added twist of the nature of women and the importance of family. They cover a wider range of topics, including springtime, aging, sexual awakening, drug addiction, and Christian salvation.


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: what is the theme of this written work of hers?

Context: Hope and determination to surpass all difficulties, self-confidence and strength to not be pushed into passivity

Question: is there any difference between the works of 'still i rise' and 'and still i rise'?

Answer: Yes, the former is the title of a poem, and the latter is the title of the book the poem appears in.

And Still I Rise [SEP] Introduction

The collection's title poem, "Still I Rise", was the center of an advertising campaign for the United Negro College Fund. Two others, "Phenomenal Woman" and "Just For a Time", were previously published in "Cosmopolitan". "Phenomenal Woman" was one of Angelou's poems featured in the film "Poetic Justice".


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: is there any difference between the works of 'still i rise' and 'and still i rise'?

Context: Yes, the former is the title of a poem, and the latter is the title of the book the poem appears in.

Question: what other poems does that title of the book comprise?

Answer: "Phenomenal Woman" and "Just For a Time" to name some

Explanation: Two others, "Phenomenal Woman" and "Just For a Time", were previously published in "Cosmopolitan". "Phenomenal Woman" was one of Angelou's poems featured in the film "Poetic Justice".

And Still I Rise [SEP] Introduction


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: what other poems does that title of the book comprise?

Context: "Phenomenal Woman" and "Just For a Time" to name some

Question: how many poems in total are there in that particular book?

Answer: Thirty-two

And Still I Rise [SEP] Poems

"And Still I Rise" consists of 32 poems, divided into three parts. The first part, entitled "Touch Me, Life, Not Softly", has been called "joyful" and affirms the poet's strength as a woman and as a lover. Part Two, "Traveling", focus on the hardships, such as drug addiction, child abuse, inner-city life, and conditions in the Old South, that the author and others have experienced. Part Three, "And Still I Rise", which gets its name from the volume's title poem, reiterates the themes in Part One and emphasizes the strength she finds in herself and in her community. The volume is dedicated to Jessica Mitford, Gerard W.


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: how many poems in total are there in that particular book?

Context: Thirty-two

Question: can you quote a few reviews received for this book of poems?

Answer: Mary Silva Cosgrave stated, "To her third collection of poems the author has brought a life full of zest and style that is phenomenally her own". Harold Bloom called it powerful, while Joyce Blundell called the volume uneven even after giving it positive reviews.

And Still I Rise [SEP] Reviews

Like many reviewers of Angelou's poetry, Ellen Lippmann of "School Library Journal" finds Angelou's prose stronger than her poetry, but found her strength more apparent in the poems in this volume than it was in her first autobiography. Mary Silva Cosgrave, in her review in "Horn Book Magazine", praises Angelou for finding rhythm in everyday life and is impressed with the poems in "And Still I Rise", especially "Phenomenal Woman"; Cosgrave states, "To her third collection of poems the author has brought a life full of zest and style that is phenomenally her own". Harold Bloom states that although "Phenomenal Woman" has received few reviews, it is one of the most popular and powerful poems Angelou recites in her public appearances.


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: Thirty-two

Context: can you quote a few reviews received for this book of poems?

Context: Mary Silva Cosgrave stated, "To her third collection of poems the author has brought a life full of zest and style that is phenomenally her own". Harold Bloom called it powerful, while Joyce Blundell called the volume uneven even after giving it positive reviews.

Question: besides this, can you tell me the other works done by the author?

Answer: "Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas", "Just Give Me a Cool Drink of Water 'fore I Diiie", "Mom & Me & Mom" among others

Explanation: Angelou wrote a total of seven autobiographies. According to scholar Mary Jane Lupton, Angelou's third autobiography "Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas" marked the first time a well-known African-American autobiographer had written a third volume about her life. Her books "stretch over time and place", from Arkansas to Africa and back to the U.S., and take place from the beginnings of World War II to the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. In her fifth autobiography “All God’s Children Need Travelling Shoes” (1986) Angelou tells about her return to Ghana searching for the past of her tribe. She published her seventh autobiography "Mom & Me & Mom" in 2013, at the age of 85. Critics have tended to judge Angelou's subsequent autobiographies "in light of the first", with "Caged Bird" receiving the highest praise. Angelou wrote five collections of essays, which writer Hilton Als called her "wisdom books" and "homilies strung together with autobiographical texts". Ang

Maya Angelou [SEP] Works

Angelou wrote a total of seven autobiographies. According to scholar Mary Jane Lupton, Angelou's third autobiography "Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas" marked the first time a well-known African-American autobiographer had written a third volume about her life. Her books "stretch over time and place", from Arkansas to Africa and back to the U.S., and take place from the beginnings of World War II to the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. In her fifth autobiography “All God's Children Need Travelling Shoes” (1986) Angelou tells about her return to Ghana searching for the past of her tribe. She published her seventh autobiography "Mom & Me & Mom" in 2013, at the age of 85.


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: Thirty-two

Context: besides this, can you tell me the other works done by the author?

Context: "Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas", "Just Give Me a Cool Drink of Water 'fore I Diiie", "Mom & Me & Mom" among others

Question: is the first work mentioned above a 'song' or a 'written' work?

Answer: It is the third book of Maya Angelou's seven-volume autobiography series.

Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas [SEP] Introduction

Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas is the third book of Maya Angelou's seven-volume autobiography series. Set between 1949 and 1955, the book spans Angelou's early twenties. In this volume, Angelou describes her struggles to support her young son, form meaningful relationships, and forge a successful career in the entertainment world. The work's 1976 publication was the first time an African-American woman had expanded her life story into a third volume. Scholar Dolly McPherson calls the book "a graphic portrait of the adult self in bloom", while critic Lyman B. Hagen calls it "a journey of discovery and rebirth".


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: Thirty-two

Context: is the first work mentioned above a 'song' or a 'written' work?

Context: It is the third book of Maya Angelou's seven-volume autobiography series.

Question: what is the theme of this work?

Answer: Travel, race, music, difficulties of single-motherhood

Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas

In "Singin' and Swingin"', Angelou examines many of the same subjects and themes in her previous autobiographies including travel, music, race, conflict, and motherhood. Angelou depicts the conflict she felt as a single mother, despite her success as a performer as she travels Europe with the musical "Porgy and Bess". Her depictions of her travels, which take up 40 percent of the book, have roots in the African-American slave narrative. Angelou uses music and musical concepts throughout "Singin' and Swingin';" McPherson calls it Angelou's "praisesong" to "Porgy and Bess". Angelou's stereotypes about race and race relations are challenged as she interacts more with people of different races.


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: Thirty-two

Context: what is the theme of this work?

Context: Travel, race, music, difficulties of single-motherhood

Question: can you name a few people in which the author also mentions in this autobiography?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: when was the poem still i rise written

Context: who wrote it?

Context: Maya Angelou

Context: who published it?

Context: Random House

Context: Thirty-two

Context: what is the theme of this work?

Context: can you name a few people in which the author also mentions in this autobiography?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: did the author receive any awards?

Answer: Three Grammys, The Spingarn Medal, the National Medal of Arts and the Presidential Medal of Freedom

Maya Angelou [SEP] Awards and honors

Angelou was honored by universities, literary organizations, government agencies, and special interest groups. Her honors included a Pulitzer Prize nomination for her book of poetry, "Just Give Me a Cool Drink of Water 'fore I Diiie," a Tony Award nomination for her role in the 1973 play "Look Away", and three Grammys for her spoken word albums. She served on two presidential committees, and was awarded the Spingarn Medal in 1994, the National Medal of Arts in 2000, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2011. Angelou was awarded more than fifty honorary degrees.


Question: hepatitis b is most commonly transmitted via which of the following routes

Answer: Exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood;  sexual contact, blood transfusions and transfusion with other human blood products, re-use of contaminated needles and syringes, and vertical transmission from mother to child (MTCT) during childbirth.

Explanation: Transmission of virus results from exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood. It is 50 to 100 times more infectious than human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Possible forms of transmission include sexual contact, blood transfusions and transfusion with other human blood products, re-use of contaminated needles and syringes, and vertical transmission from mother to child (MTCT) during childbirth. Without intervention, a mother who is positive for HBsAg has a 20% risk of passing the infection to her offspring at the time of birth. This risk is as high as 90% if the mother is also positive for HBeAg. HBV can be transmitted between family members within households, possibly by contact of nonintact skin or mucous membrane with secretions or saliva containing HBV. However, at least 30% of reported among adults cannot be associated with an identifiable risk factor. Breastfeeding after proper immunoprophylaxis does not appear to contribute to mother-to-child-transmission (MTC

Hepatitis B [SEP] Transmission


Context: hepatitis b is most commonly transmitted via which of the following routes

Context: Exposure to infectious blood or body fluids containing blood;  sexual contact, blood transfusions and transfusion with other human blood products, re-use of contaminated needles and syringes, and vertical transmission from mother to child (MTCT) during childbirth.

Question: what are the early indications?

Answer: Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. In acute infection, some may develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, tiredness, dark urine and abdominal pain.  It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin.

Hepatitis B [SEP] Introduction

Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver; it is a type of viral hepatitis. It can cause both acute and chronic infection. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. In acute infection, some may develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, tiredness, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do.


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. In acute infection, some may develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, tiredness, dark urine and abdominal pain.  It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin.

Question: who discovered the virus?

Answer: Baruch Blumberg

Explanation: The virus was not discovered until 1966 when Baruch Blumberg, then working at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), discovered the Australia antigen (later known to be surface antigen, or HBsAg) in the blood of Aboriginal Australian people. Although a virus had been suspected since the research published by Frederick MacCallum in 1947, David Dane and others discovered the virus particle in 1970 by electron microscopy. By the early 1980s the genome of the virus had been sequenced, and the first vaccines were being tested.

Hepatitis B [SEP] History

Other employees who had been inoculated with different batches of lymph remained healthy. Lurman's paper, now regarded as a classical example of an epidemiological study, proved that contaminated lymph was the source of the outbreak. Later, numerous similar outbreaks were reported following the introduction, in 1909, of hypodermic needles that were used, and, more importantly, reused, for administering Salvarsan for the treatment of syphilis. The virus was not discovered until 1966 when Baruch Blumberg, then working at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), discovered the Australia antigen (later known to be surface antigen, or HBsAg) in the blood of Aboriginal Australian people.


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Question: is there a cure?

Answer: Although none of the available medications can clear the infection, they can stop the virus from replicating, thus minimizing liver damage.

Hepatitis B [SEP] Treatment

Although none of the available medications can clear the infection, they can stop the virus from replicating, thus minimizing liver damage. As of 2018, there are eight medications licensed for the treatment of infection in the United States. These include antiviral medications lamivudine, adefovir, tenofovir disoproxil, tenofovir alafenamide, telbivudine, and entecavir, and the two immune system modulators interferon alpha-2a and PEGylated interferon alpha-2a. In 2015 the World Health Organization recommended tenofovir or entecavir as first-line agents. Those with current cirrhosis are in most need of treatment. The use of interferon, which requires injections daily or thrice weekly, has been supplanted by long-acting PEGylated interferon, which is injected only once weekly.


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: Although none of the available medications can clear the infection, they can stop the virus from replicating, thus minimizing liver damage.

Question: can the virus recur in a person once cured?

Answer: Yes - The virus DNA remains in the body after infection, and in some people, including those that do not have detectable HBsAg, the disease recurs. Although rare, reactivation is seen most often following alcohol or drug use, or in people with impaired immunity

Hepatitis B [SEP] Reactivation

virus DNA remains in the body after infection, and in some people, including those that do not have detectable HBsAg, the disease recurs. Although rare, reactivation is seen most often following alcohol or drug use, or in people with impaired immunity. HBV goes through cycles of replication and non-replication. Approximately 50% of overt carriers experience acute reactivation. Males with baseline ALT of 200 UL/L are three times more likely to develop a reactivation than people with lower levels. Although reactivation can occur spontaneously, people who undergo chemotherapy have a higher risk. Immunosuppressive drugs favor increased HBV replication while inhibiting cytotoxic T cell function in the liver.


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: can the virus recur in a person once cured?

Context: Yes - The virus DNA remains in the body after infection, and in some people, including those that do not have detectable HBsAg, the disease recurs. Although rare, reactivation is seen most often following alcohol or drug use, or in people with impaired immunity

Question: are there any boosters taken to prevent it?

Answer: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Explanation:
Vaccines for the prevention of hepatitis B have been routinely recommended for babies since 1991 in the United States. The first dose is generally recommended within a day of birth. The hepatitis B vaccine was the first vaccine capable of preventing cancer, specifically liver cancer.

Most vaccines are given in three doses over a course of months. A protective response to the vaccine is defined as an anti-HBs antibody concentration of at least 10 mIU/ml in the recipient's serum. The vaccine is more effective in children and 95 percent of those vaccinated have protective levels of antibody. This drops to around 90% at 40 years of age and to around 75 percent in those over 60 years. The protection afforded by vaccination is long lasting even after antibody levels fall below 10 mIU/ml. For newborns of HBsAg-positive mothers: hepatitis B vaccine alone, hepatitis B immunoglobulin alone, or the combination of vaccine plus hepatitis B immunoglobulin, all prevent hepatitis B occurrence. Furthe

Hepatitis B [SEP] Vaccine


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: are there any boosters taken to prevent it?

Context: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Question: who can be given this vaccine?

Answer: Babies, children, pregnant women

Hepatitis B [SEP] Vaccine


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who can be given this vaccine?

Context: Babies, children, pregnant women

Question: what is the name of this vaccine?

Answer: hepatitis B vaccine

Explanation: Tenofovir given in the second or third trimester can reduce the risk of mother to child transmission by 77% when combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and the hepatitis B vaccine, especially for pregnant women with high hepatitis B virus DNA levels. However, there is no sufficient evidence that the administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin alone during pregnancy, might reduce transmission rates to the newborn infant. No randomized control trial has been conducted to assess the effects of hepatitis B vaccine during pregnancy for preventing infant infection.

Hepatitis B [SEP] Vaccine

The protection afforded by vaccination is long lasting even after antibody levels fall below 10 mIU/ml. For newborns of HBsAg-positive mothers: hepatitis B vaccine alone, hepatitis B immunoglobulin alone, or the combination of vaccine plus hepatitis B immunoglobulin, all prevent hepatitis B occurrence. Furthermore, the combination of vaccine plus hepatitis B immunoglobulin is superior to vaccine alone. This combination prevents HBV transmission around the time of birth in 86% to 99% of cases. Tenofovir given in the second or third trimester can reduce the risk of mother to child transmission by 77% when combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin and the hepatitis B vaccine, especially for pregnant women with high hepatitis B virus DNA levels.


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who can be given this vaccine?

Context: Babies, children, pregnant women

Context: what is the name of this vaccine?

Context: hepatitis B vaccine

Question: who developed it?

Answer: Maurice Hilleman

Hepatitis B vaccine [SEP] History

In 1963, the American physician/geneticist Baruch Blumberg discovered what he called the "Australia Antigen" (now called HBsAg) in the serum of an Australian Aboriginal person. In 1968, this protein was found to be part of the virus that causes "serum hepatitis" (hepatitis B) by virologist Alfred Prince. The American microbiologist/vaccinologist Maurice Hilleman at Merck used three treatments (pepsin, urea and formaldehyde) of blood serum together with rigorous filtration to yield a product that could be used as a safe vaccine. Hilleman hypothesized that he could make an HBV vaccine by injecting patients with hepatitis B surface protein. In theory, this would be very safe, as these excess surface proteins lacked infectious viral DNA.


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who can be given this vaccine?

Context: Babies, children, pregnant women

Context: what is the name of this vaccine?

Context: hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who developed it?

Context: Maurice Hilleman

Question: who was he?

Answer: An American microbiologist who specialized in vaccinology and developed over 40 vaccines

Maurice Hilleman [SEP] Introduction

Maurice Ralph Hilleman (August 30, 1919 – April 11, 2005) was an American microbiologist who specialized in vaccinology and developed over 40 vaccines, an unparalleled record of productivity. Of the 14 vaccines routinely recommended in current vaccine schedules, he developed eight: those for measles, mumps, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, chickenpox, meningitis, pneumonia and "Haemophilus influenzae" bacteria. He also played a role in the discovery of the cold-producing adenoviruses, the hepatitis viruses, and the potentially cancer-causing virus SV40. Hilleman is credited with saving more lives than any other medical scientist of the 20th century. Robert Gallo described him as "the most successful vaccinologist in history".


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who can be given this vaccine?

Context: Babies, children, pregnant women

Context: what is the name of this vaccine?

Context: hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who developed it?

Context: Maurice Hilleman

Context: who was he?

Context: An American microbiologist who specialized in vaccinology and developed over 40 vaccines

Question: any other boosters developed by him?

Answer: Yes - for measles, mumps, hepatitis A,  chickenpox, meningitis, pneumonia

Explanation: Maurice Ralph Hilleman (August 30, 1919 – April 11, 2005) was an American microbiologist who specialized in vaccinology and developed over 40 vaccines, an unparalleled record of productivity. Of the 14 vaccines routinely recommended in current vaccine schedules, he developed eight: those for measles, mumps, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, chickenpox, meningitis, pneumonia and "Haemophilus influenzae" bacteria. He also played a role in the discovery of the cold-producing adenoviruses, the hepatitis viruses, and the potentially cancer-causing virus SV40.

Maurice Hilleman [SEP] Introduction


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who can be given this vaccine?

Context: Babies, children, pregnant women

Context: what is the name of this vaccine?

Context: hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who developed it?

Context: Maurice Hilleman

Context: who was he?

Context: any other boosters developed by him?

Context: Yes - for measles, mumps, hepatitis A,  chickenpox, meningitis, pneumonia

Question: what are the causes for the disease mentioned first in the list above?

Answer: It's is spread by coughing and sneezing via close personal contact or direct contact with secretions

Explanation:
Measles is caused by the measles virus, a single-stranded, negative-sense, enveloped RNA virus of the genus "Morbillivirus" within the family "Paramyxoviridae".

The virus is highly contagious and is spread by coughing and sneezing via close personal contact or direct contact with secretions. Measles is the most contagious transmissible virus known. It remains infective for up to two hours in that airspace or nearby surfaces. Measles is so contagious that if one person has it, 90% of nearby non-immune people will also become infected. Humans are the only natural hosts of the virus, and no other animal reservoirs are known to exist.

Measles [SEP] Cause


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who can be given this vaccine?

Context: Babies, children, pregnant women

Context: what is the name of this vaccine?

Context: hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who developed it?

Context: Maurice Hilleman

Context: who was he?

Context: any other boosters developed by him?

Context: what are the causes for the disease mentioned first in the list above?

Context: It's is spread by coughing and sneezing via close personal contact or direct contact with secretions

Question: where does it originate from?

Answer: measles virus

Explanation: Measles is caused by the measles virus, a single-stranded, negative-sense, enveloped RNA virus of the genus "Morbillivirus" within the family "Paramyxoviridae".

Measles [SEP] Cause


Context: what are the early indications?

Context: who discovered the virus?

Context: Baruch Blumberg

Context: is there a cure?

Context: Yes - The hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who can be given this vaccine?

Context: Babies, children, pregnant women

Context: what is the name of this vaccine?

Context: hepatitis B vaccine

Context: who developed it?

Context: Maurice Hilleman

Context: who was he?

Context: any other boosters developed by him?

Context: where does it originate from?

Context: measles virus

Question: what are the other names it is known by?

Answer: morbilli, rubeola, red measles, and English measles.

Measles [SEP] Introduction

These occur in part due to measles-induced immunosuppression. Less commonly seizures, blindness, or inflammation of the brain may occur. Other names include "morbilli", "rubeola", "red measles", and "English measles". Both rubella, also known as "German measles", and roseola are different diseases caused by unrelated viruses. Measles is an airborne disease which spreads easily from one person to the next through the coughs and sneezes of infected people. It may also be spread through direct contact with mouth or nasal secretions. It is extremely contagious–nine out of ten people who are not immune and share living space with an infected person will be infected.


Question: what is the plot of the jungle book by rudyard kipling

Answer: The story is about a boy or "man-cub" Mowgli, who is raised in the jungle by wolves.

The Jungle Book [SEP] Introduction

The Jungle Book (1894) is a collection of stories by the English author Rudyard Kipling. Most of the characters are animals such as Shere Khan the tiger and Baloo the bear, though a principal character is the boy or "man-cub" Mowgli, who is raised in the jungle by wolves. The stories are set in a forest in India; one place mentioned repeatedly is "Seonee" (Seoni), in the central state of Madhya Pradesh. A major theme in the book is abandonment followed by fostering, as in the life of Mowgli, echoing Kipling's own childhood. The theme is echoed in the triumph of protagonists including Rikki-Tikki-Tavi and The White Seal over their enemies, as well as Mowgli's.


Context: what is the plot of the jungle book by rudyard kipling

Context: The story is about a boy or "man-cub" Mowgli, who is raised in the jungle by wolves.

Question: who has done the interpretations in this book?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

The Jungle Book [SEP] Introduction


Context: who has done the interpretations in this book?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: name some other books by this author?

Answer: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Rudyard Kipling [SEP] Introduction

Joseph Rudyard Kipling ( ; 30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936) was an English journalist, short-story writer, poet, and novelist. He was born in India, which inspired much of his work. Kipling's works of fiction include "The Jungle Book" (1894), "Kim" (1901), and many short stories, including "The Man Who Would Be King" (1888). His poems include "Mandalay" (1890), "Gunga Din" (1890), "The Gods of the Copybook Headings" (1919), "The White Man's Burden" (1899), and "If—" (1910). He is seen as an innovator in the art of the short story. His children's books are classics; one critic noted "a versatile and luminous narrative gift." Kipling in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was among the United Kingdom's most popular writers.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Question: who are the the other characters of this book?

Answer: Shere Khan the tiger and Baloo the bear,  Rikki-Tikki-Tavi etc

Explanation: Shere Khan the tiger and Baloo the bear

The Jungle Book [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: who are the the other characters of this book?

Context: Shere Khan the tiger and Baloo the bear,  Rikki-Tikki-Tavi etc

Question: has there been any movie made based on the book?

Answer: Yes, the book has remained popular, partly through its many adaptations for film and other media.

The Jungle Book [SEP] Introduction

Another important theme is of law and freedom; the stories are not about animal behaviour, still less about the Darwinian struggle for survival, but about human archetypes in animal form. They teach respect for authority, obedience, and knowing one's place in society with "the law of the jungle", but the stories also illustrate the freedom to move between different worlds, such as when Mowgli moves between the jungle and the village. Critics have also noted the essential wildness and lawless energies in the stories, reflecting the irresponsible side of human nature. "The Jungle Book" has remained popular, partly through its many adaptations for film and other media.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: has there been any movie made based on the book?

Context: Yes, the book has remained popular, partly through its many adaptations for film and other media.

Question: which languages were this book published in?

Answer: It has been translated into at least 36 languages.

The Jungle Book [SEP] Editions and translations

The book has appeared in over 500 print editions, and over 100 audiobooks. It has been translated into at least 36 languages.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: which languages were this book published in?

Context: It has been translated into at least 36 languages.

Question: what is the storyline of the second book title that is mentioned above?

Answer: It is a story by the author about two British adventurers in British India who become kings of Kafiristan, a remote part of Afghanistan.

The Man Who Would Be King [SEP] Introduction

"The Man Who Would Be King" (1888) is a story by Rudyard Kipling about two British adventurers in British India who become kings of Kafiristan, a remote part of Afghanistan. The story was first published in "The Phantom Rickshaw and other Eerie Tales" (1888). It also appeared in "Wee Willie Winkie and Other Child Stories" (1895), and numerous later editions of that collection. It has been adapted for other media a number of times.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: what is the storyline of the second book title that is mentioned above?

Context: It is a story by the author about two British adventurers in British India who become kings of Kafiristan, a remote part of Afghanistan.

Question: what is the location of the last place mentioned above?

Answer: It is located at the  crossroads of Central and South Asia.

Afghanistan [SEP] Introduction

Afghanistan (; Pashto/Dari: , Pashto: , Dari: ), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central and South Asia. Afghanistan is bordered by Pakistan to the east and south; Iran to the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan to the north; and China to the northeast. Occupying , it is a mountainous country with plains in the north and southwest. Kabul is the capital and largest city. The population is around 32 million, composed mostly of ethnic Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras, and Uzbeks. Humans lived in what is now Afghanistan at least 50,000 years ago.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: what is the location of the last place mentioned above?

Context: It is located at the  crossroads of Central and South Asia.

Question: was it a part of any war?

Answer: Yes, the Anglo-Afghan War, Soviet-Afghan War, Cold War etc

Explanation: First Anglo-Afghan War

Afghanistan [SEP] Introduction

In the late 19th century, Afghanistan became a buffer state in the "Great Game" between British India and the Russian Empire. In the First Anglo-Afghan War, the British East India Company seized control of Afghanistan briefly, but following the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919 the country was free of foreign influence, eventually becoming a monarchy under Amanullah Khan, until almost 50 years later when Zahir Shah was overthrown and a republic was established. In 1978, after a second coup, Afghanistan first became a socialist state and then a Soviet protectorate, evoking the Soviet–Afghan War in the 1980s against mujahideen rebels.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: was it a part of any war?

Context: Yes, the Anglo-Afghan War, Soviet-Afghan War, Cold War etc

Question: when did the first war mentioned above take place?

Answer: Between 1839 to 1842

Explanation: 1839 to 1842

First Anglo-Afghan War [SEP] Introduction

The First Anglo-Afghan War (, also known by the British as the Disaster in Afghanistan) was fought between the British Empire and the Emirate of Afghanistan from 1839 to 1842. Initially, the British successfully intervened in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad (Barakzai) and former emir Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they installed upon conquering Kabul in August 1839. The main British Indian force occupying Kabul along with their camp followers, having endured harsh winters as well, was almost completely annihilated during its 1842 retreat from Kabul. The British then sent an "Army of Retribution" to Kabul to avenge the destruction of their previous forces, defeating the Afghans and having demolished parts of the capital.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: was it a part of any war?

Context: when did the first war mentioned above take place?

Context: Between 1839 to 1842

Question: what was the reason for the war?

Answer: The British were  in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad (Barakzai) and former emir Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they installed upon conquering Kabul.

Explanation: in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad (Barakzai) and former emir Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they installed upon conquering Kabul


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: was it a part of any war?

Context: Between 1839 to 1842

Context: what was the reason for the war?

Context: The British were  in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad (Barakzai) and former emir Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they installed upon conquering Kabul.

Question: who won the battle?

Answer: The British

Explanation: The British then sent an "Army of Retribution" to Kabul to avenge the destruction of their previous forces, defeating the Afghans


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name some other books by this author?

Context: Kim, The Man Who Would Be King etc

Context: was it a part of any war?

Context: Between 1839 to 1842

Context: what was the reason for the war?

Context: who won the battle?

Context: The British

Question: did the aforementioned author receive any awards?

Answer: He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, sounded out for the British Poet Laureateship and several times for a knighthood.

Rudyard Kipling [SEP] Introduction

Henry James said "Kipling strikes me personally as the most complete man of genius, as distinct from fine intelligence, that I have ever known." In 1907, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, as the first English-language writer to receive the prize, and at 41, its youngest recipient to date. He was also sounded out for the British Poet Laureateship and several times for a knighthood, but declined both. Following his death in 1936, his ashes were interred at Poets' Corner, part of the South Transept of Westminster Abbey.


Question: what is the latest ios version for iphone 5s

Answer: iOS 12

IPhone 5S [SEP] Introduction

Among new software features introduced to the iPhone 5S were AirDrop, an ad-hoc Wi-Fi sharing platform; Control Center, a control panel containing a number of commonly used functions; and iTunes Radio, an internet radio service. The 5S is the first iPhone to be supported through six major versions of iOS, from iOS 7 to iOS 12, along with the iPhone 6S and the first-generation iPhone SE which were supported from iOS 9 to iOS 14, and the second iOS device to support six major updates - the first being the iPad 2 which supported iOS versions 4 to 9.


Context: what is the latest ios version for iphone 5s

Context: iOS 12

Question: what is iphone 5s?

Answer: It is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.

IPhone 5S [SEP] Introduction

The iPhone 5S (stylized and marketed as iPhone 5s) is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the seventh generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 5, and unveiled in September 2013, alongside the iPhone 5C. The iPhone 5S maintains almost the same external design as its predecessor, the iPhone 5, although the 5S received a new white/gold color scheme in addition to white/silver and space gray/black. The 5S has vastly upgraded internal hardware, however. It introduced the A7 64-bit dual-core system-on-chip, the first 64-bit processor to be used on a smartphone, accompanied by the M7 "motion co-processor".


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: It is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc.

Question: how did it perform commercially?

Answer: It sold over nine million units in the first three days, setting a record for first weekend smartphone sales.

IPhone 5S [SEP] Commercial reception

The iPhone 5S and 5C sold over nine million units in the first three days, setting a record for first weekend smartphone sales, with the 5S selling three times more units than the 5C. After the first day of release, 1% of all iPhones in the US were iPhone 5Ss, while 0.3% were iPhone 5Cs. Gene Munster of Piper Jaffray reported that the line at the Fifth Avenue Apple Store contained 1,417 people on release day, compared to 1,300 for the iPhone 4 in 2010, and 549 for the iPhone 3G in 2008 on their respective release days. This was the first time that Apple launched two models simultaneously.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: It sold over nine million units in the first three days, setting a record for first weekend smartphone sales.

Question: what were the critics comments about it?

Answer: It received a positive reception from reviewers and commentators. Walt Mossberg of All Things Digital gave the phone a favorable review, saying that Touch ID "sounds like a gimmick, but it’s a real advance, the biggest step ever in biometric authentication for everyday devices," and labeled it "the best smartphone on the market."

Explanation: The iPhone 5S received a positive reception from reviewers and commentators. Walt Mossberg of All Things Digital gave the phone a favorable review, saying that Touch ID "sounds like a gimmick, but it’s a real advance, the biggest step ever in biometric authentication for everyday devices," and labeled it "the best smartphone on the market."

IPhone 5S [SEP] Critical reception

The iPhone 5S received a positive reception from reviewers and commentators. Walt Mossberg of All Things Digital gave the phone a favorable review, saying that Touch ID "sounds like a gimmick, but it's a real advance, the biggest step ever in biometric authentication for everyday devices," and labeled it "the best smartphone on the market." David Pogue of "The New York Times" praised Touch ID, but said that the innovation of the smartphone market has been saturated, and "maybe the age of annual mega-leaps is over." He focused much of his review on iOS 7, which he believed was the biggest change of the device over previous generations, praising new Siri features, Control Center, and AirDrop.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: what were the critics comments about it?

Context: It received a positive reception from reviewers and commentators. Walt Mossberg of All Things Digital gave the phone a favorable review, saying that Touch ID "sounds like a gimmick, but it’s a real advance, the biggest step ever in biometric authentication for everyday devices," and labeled it "the best smartphone on the market."

Question: what was the effect of the aforementioned id?

Answer: The security system had been defeated by photographing a fingerprint from a glass surface and using that captured image to make a latex model thumb which was then pressed against the sensor to gain access.

IPhone 5S [SEP] Impact of Touch ID

Following the release of the iPhone 5S, the German "Chaos Computer Club" announced on September 21, 2013 that they had bypassed Apple's new Touch ID fingerprint sensor by using "easy everyday means". The group explained that the security system had been defeated by photographing a fingerprint from a glass surface and using that captured image to make a latex model thumb which was then pressed against the sensor to gain access. The spokesman for the group stated, "We hope that this finally puts to rest the illusions people have about fingerprint biometrics. It is plain stupid to use something that you can't change and that you leave everywhere every day as a security token." However, in 2013, 39% of American smartphone users used no security measures at all to protect their smartphone.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: what was the effect of the aforementioned id?

Context: The security system had been defeated by photographing a fingerprint from a glass surface and using that captured image to make a latex model thumb which was then pressed against the sensor to gain access.

Question: who is the critic mentioned above?

Answer: He is an American journalist. He is widely credited with pioneering the modern, consumer-focused, technology review and commentary.

Walt Mossberg [SEP] Introduction

Walter S. Mossberg (born March 27, 1947) is an American journalist. He is widely credited with pioneering the modern, consumer-focused, technology review and commentary. From 1991 through 2013, he was the principal technology columnist for "The Wall Street Journal". He also co-founded "AllThingsD", "Recode" and the D and Code Conferences. From 2015 to 2017, Mossberg was Executive Editor of "The Verge" and Editor-at-Large of "Recode", web sites owned by Vox Media. Mossberg wrote a weekly column for both and also had a weekly podcast, Ctrl-Walt-Delete. Mossberg was also co-executive producer of the annual Code Conference. He retired in July 2017.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: He is an American journalist. He is widely credited with pioneering the modern, consumer-focused, technology review and commentary.

Question: how did he begin his career?

Answer: As a reporter and editor at "The Wall Street Journal".

Walt Mossberg [SEP] Career

Mossberg was a reporter and editor at "The Wall Street Journal" from 1970 until the end of 2013. He was based in the "Journal's" Washington, D.C., office, where he spent 18 years covering national and international affairs before turning his attention to technology. Mossberg's "Personal Technology" column appeared every Thursday from 1991 through 2013. He also edited the "Digital Solution" column each Wednesday (authored by his colleague, Katherine Boehret), and wrote the "Mossberg's Mailbox" column on Thursdays. He appeared weekly on CNBC, and in web videos, and was on numerous times a guest on the Charlie Rose Show, airing on PBS stations.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: As a reporter and editor at "The Wall Street Journal".

Question: where was he born?

Answer: Warwick, Rhode Island.

Explanation: Mossberg, a native of Warwick, Rhode Island, is a graduate of Pilgrim High School, Brandeis University and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.

Walt Mossberg [SEP] Early life and education


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Warwick, Rhode Island.

Question: which institutions did he attend?

Answer: He is a graduate of Pilgrim High School, Brandeis University and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Warwick, Rhode Island.

Context: which institutions did he attend?

Context: He is a graduate of Pilgrim High School, Brandeis University and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.

Question: with which institute is the last one accredited with?

Answer: Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.

Explanation: The Columbia Journalism School is accredited by the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.

Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism [SEP] Accreditation


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Warwick, Rhode Island.

Context: which institutions did he attend?

Context: with which institute is the last one accredited with?

Context: Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.

Question: when was it established?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Warwick, Rhode Island.

Context: which institutions did he attend?

Context: when was it established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what courses are available here?

Answer: In addition to studying practical skills of journalism, public relations or advertising, students also may major in "mass communication" or "mass communication research".

Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication [SEP] Focus

In the United States, many university journalism departments—particularly at Midwestern, Western and Southern state universities—evolved into schools or colleges of mass communication or "journalism and mass communication". In addition to studying practical skills of journalism, public relations or advertising, students also may major in "mass communication" or "mass communication research". The latter is often the title given to doctoral degrees from such schools, whether the focus of the student's research is journalism practice, media economics, history, law or media influence. Departmental structures within such colleges may separate research and instruction in professional or technical aspects of newspaper and magazine publishing, radio, television, and film.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Warwick, Rhode Island.

Context: which institutions did he attend?

Context: when was it established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what courses are available here?

Context: In addition to studying practical skills of journalism, public relations or advertising, students also may major in "mass communication" or "mass communication research".

Question: what was the software of the camera of the phone?

Answer: The camera software includes automatic digital image stabilization, dynamic tone mapping, 10 fps burst mode and slow motion video at 120 fps.

IPhone 5S [SEP] Camera software

The camera software includes automatic digital image stabilization, dynamic tone mapping, 10 fps burst mode and slow motion video at 120 fps. Photos captured during the 1080p video recording have a resolution of 720p.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Warwick, Rhode Island.

Context: which institutions did he attend?

Context: when was it established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what courses are available here?

Context: what was the software of the camera of the phone?

Context: The camera software includes automatic digital image stabilization, dynamic tone mapping, 10 fps burst mode and slow motion video at 120 fps.

Question: what is this mapping?

Answer: Tone mapping is a technique used in image processing and computer graphics to map one set of colors to another to approximate the appearance of high-dynamic-range images in a medium that has a more limited dynamic range.

Tone mapping [SEP] Introduction

Tone mapping is a technique used in image processing and computer graphics to map one set of colors to another to approximate the appearance of high-dynamic-range images in a medium that has a more limited dynamic range. Print-outs, CRT or LCD monitors, and projectors all have a limited dynamic range that is inadequate to reproduce the full range of light intensities present in natural scenes. Tone mapping addresses the problem of strong contrast reduction from the scene radiance to the displayable range while preserving the image details and color appearance important to appreciate the original scene content.


Context: iOS 12

Context: what is iphone 5s?

Context: how did it perform commercially?

Context: who is the critic mentioned above?

Context: how did he begin his career?

Context: where was he born?

Context: Warwick, Rhode Island.

Context: which institutions did he attend?

Context: when was it established?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what courses are available here?

Context: what is this mapping?

Context: Tone mapping is a technique used in image processing and computer graphics to map one set of colors to another to approximate the appearance of high-dynamic-range images in a medium that has a more limited dynamic range.

Question: is it used for photography?

Answer: Yes, in digital photography.

Explanation: The advent of digital photography gave hope for better solutions to this problem. One of the earliest algorithms employed by Land and McCann in 1971 was Retinex, inspired by theories of lightness perception .This method is inspired by the eye’s biological mechanisms of adaptation when lighting conditions are an issue. Gamut mapping algorithms were also extensively studied in the context of color printing. Computational models such as CIECAM02 or iCAM were used to predict color appearance. Despite this, if algorithms could not sufficiently map tones and colors, a skilled artist was still needed, as is the case with cinematographic movie post-processing.

Tone mapping [SEP] Background

Photographers have also used dodging and burning to overcome the limitations of the print process . The advent of digital photography gave hope for better solutions to this problem. One of the earliest algorithms employed by Land and McCann in 1971 was Retinex, inspired by theories of lightness perception .This method is inspired by the eye's biological mechanisms of adaptation when lighting conditions are an issue. Gamut mapping algorithms were also extensively studied in the context of color printing. Computational models such as CIECAM02 or iCAM were used to predict color appearance. Despite this, if algorithms could not sufficiently map tones and colors, a skilled artist was still needed, as is the case with cinematographic movie post-processing.