Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: who is the first person you mentioned above?

Context: American writer on film

Question: and the next person?

Answer: New York City cineaste and curator

Explanation: Amos Vogel (born Amos Vogelbaum; April 18, 1921 – April 24, 2012) was a New York City cineaste and curator.

Amos Vogel [SEP] Introduction


Context: when was beauty and the beast (1991 film) released?

Context: September 29, 1991

Context: was it released in any film festival or theatre?

Context: It premiered as an unfinished film at the New York Film Festival

Context: who started this festival?

Context: Richard Roud and Amos Vogel with the support of Lincoln Center president William Schuman

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: Special guest appearances, premieres and documentaries including the annual Film Comment Presents selection

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Question: what does this last one means?

Answer: A manager or overseer who as a keeper of a cultural heritage institution is a content specialist charged with an institution's collections and involved with the interpretation of heritage material including historical artifacts

Curator [SEP] Introduction

A curator (from , meaning "to take care") is a manager or overseer. Traditionally, a curator or keeper of a cultural heritage institution (e.g., gallery, museum, library or archive) is a content specialist charged with an institution's collections and involved with the interpretation of heritage material including historical artifacts. A traditional curator's concern necessarily involves tangible objects of some sort — artwork, collectibles, historic items or scientific collections. More recently, new kinds of curators have started to emerge: curators of digital data objects and biocurators.


Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: A manager or overseer who as a keeper of a cultural heritage institution is a content specialist charged with an institution's collections and involved with the interpretation of heritage material including historical artifacts

Question: what type of education or training is required for it?

Answer: A high academic degree in their subject, typically a Doctor of Philosophy or a master's degree in subjects such as history, art, history of art, archaeology, anthropology, or classics

Curator [SEP] Education and training

Curators hold a high academic degree in their subject, typically a Doctor of Philosophy or a master's degree in subjects such as history, art, history of art, archaeology, anthropology, or classics. Curators are also expected to have contributed to their academic field, for example, by delivering public talks, publishing articles, or presenting at specialist academic conferences. It is important that curators have knowledge of the current collecting market for their area of expertise, and are aware of current ethical practices and laws that may impact their organisation's collecting. The increased complexity of many museums and cultural organisations has prompted the emergence of professional programs in fields such as public history, public humanities, museum studies, arts management, and curating/curatorial practice.


Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: what type of education or training is required for it?

Context: A high academic degree in their subject, typically a Doctor of Philosophy or a master's degree in subjects such as history, art, history of art, archaeology, anthropology, or classics

Question: from where does the fifth subject derived its name?

Answer: From the combining forms of the Greek words "ánthrōpos" (, "human") and "lógos" (, "study")

Anthropology [SEP] Origin and development of the term

The abstract noun "anthropology" is first attested in reference to history. Its present use first appeared in Renaissance Germany in the works of Magnus Hundt and Otto Casmann. Their New Latin ' derived from the combining forms of the Greek words "ánthrōpos" (, "human") and "lógos" (, "study"). (Its adjectival form appeared in the works of Aristotle.) It began to be used in English, possibly via French ', by the early 18th century.


Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: from where does the fifth subject derived its name?

Context: From the combining forms of the Greek words "ánthrōpos" (, "human") and "lógos" (, "study")

Question: what does it basically deals with?

Answer: The scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology and societies, in both the present and past, including past human species

Anthropology [SEP] Introduction

Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, and societies, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of behaviour, while cultural anthropology studies cultural meaning, including norms and values. Linguistic anthropology studies how language influences social life. Biological or physical anthropology studies the biological development of humans. Visual anthropology, which is usually considered to be a part of social anthropology, can mean both ethnographic film (where photography, film, and new media are used for study) as well as the study of "visuals", including art, visual images, cinema etc.


Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: what does it basically deals with?

Context: The scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology and societies, in both the present and past, including past human species

Question: how is it related to linguistics?

Answer: Linguistic anthropology seeks to understand the processes of human communications, verbal and non-verbal, variation in language across time and space, the social uses of language, and the relationship between language and culture

Anthropology [SEP] Linguistic

Linguistic anthropology (not to be confused with anthropological linguistics) seeks to understand the processes of human communications, verbal and non-verbal, variation in language across time and space, the social uses of language, and the relationship between language and culture. It is the branch of anthropology that brings linguistic methods to bear on anthropological problems, linking the analysis of linguistic forms and processes to the interpretation of sociocultural processes. Linguistic anthropologists often draw on related fields including sociolinguistics, pragmatics, cognitive linguistics, semiotics, discourse analysis, and narrative analysis.


Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: what does it basically deals with?

Context: how is it related to linguistics?

Context: Linguistic anthropology seeks to understand the processes of human communications, verbal and non-verbal, variation in language across time and space, the social uses of language, and the relationship between language and culture

Question: is it also related to military purposes?

Answer: Anthropologists' involvement with the U.S. government, in particular, has caused bitter controversy within the discipline

Anthropology [SEP] Military involvement

Anthropologists' involvement with the U.S. government, in particular, has caused bitter controversy within the discipline. Franz Boas publicly objected to US participation in World War I, and after the war he published a brief expose and condemnation of the participation of several American archaeologists in espionage in Mexico under their cover as scientists. But by the 1940s, many of Boas' anthropologist contemporaries were active in the allied war effort against the Axis Powers (Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan). Many served in the armed forces, while others worked in intelligence (for example, Office of Strategic Services and the Office of War Information).


Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: what does it basically deals with?

Context: how is it related to linguistics?

Context: is it also related to military purposes?

Context: Anthropologists' involvement with the U.S. government, in particular, has caused bitter controversy within the discipline

Question: the kind of biology you mentioned above in your answer, what is that?

Answer: An interdisciplinary area of study that examines humans through the influences and interplay of many diverse fields

Human biology [SEP] Introduction

Human biology is an interdisciplinary area of study that examines humans through the influences and interplay of many diverse fields such as genetics, evolution, physiology, anatomy, epidemiology, anthropology, ecology, nutrition, population genetics, and sociocultural influences. It is closely related to the biomedical sciences, biological anthropology and other biological fields tying in various aspects of human functionality. It wasn't until the 20th century when biogerontologist, Raymond Pearl, founder of the journal "Human Biology", phrased the term "human biology" in a way to describe a separate subsection apart from biology.


Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: what does it basically deals with?

Context: how is it related to linguistics?

Context: the kind of biology you mentioned above in your answer, what is that?

Context: An interdisciplinary area of study that examines humans through the influences and interplay of many diverse fields

Question: the kind of linguistic form that you have mentioned above, can you tell one of its ideologies?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Linguistic anthropology [SEP] Ideologies

In a third example of the current (third) paradigm, since Roman Jakobson's student Michael Silverstein opened the way, there has been an efflorescence of work done by linguistic anthropologists on the major anthropological theme of ideologies,—in this case "language ideologies", sometimes defined as "shared bodies of commonsense notions about the nature of language in the world." Silverstein has demonstrated that these ideologies are not mere false consciousness but actually influence the evolution of linguistic structures, including the dropping of "thee" and "thou" from everyday English usage. Woolard, in her overview of "code switching", or the systematic practice of alternating linguistic varieties within a conversation or even a single utterance, finds the underlying question anthropologists ask of the practice—Why do they do that?—reflects a dominant linguistic ideology.


Context: September 29, 1991

Context: who started this festival?

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: who is the first person you mentioned above?

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: what does it basically deals with?

Context: how is it related to linguistics?

Context: the kind of linguistic form that you have mentioned above, can you tell one of its ideologies?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the purpose of the fourth subject?

Answer: To learn more about past societies and the development of the human race

Archaeology [SEP] Purpose

The purpose of archaeology is to learn more about past societies and the development of the human race. Over 99% of the development of humanity has occurred within prehistoric cultures, who did not make use of writing, thereby no written records exist for study purposes. Without such written sources, the only way to understand prehistoric societies is through archaeology. Because archaeology is the study of past human activity, it stretches back to about 2.5 million years ago when we find the first stone tools – The Oldowan Industry. Many important developments in human history occurred during prehistory, such as the evolution of humanity during the Paleolithic period, when the hominins developed from the australopithecines in Africa and eventually into modern "Homo sapiens".


Context: when was beauty and the beast (1991 film) released?

Context: September 29, 1991

Context: was it released in any film festival or theatre?

Context: It premiered as an unfinished film at the New York Film Festival

Context: who started this festival?

Context: Richard Roud and Amos Vogel with the support of Lincoln Center president William Schuman

Context: where does it take place?

Context: New York City

Context: which special event takes place in it?

Context: Special guest appearances, premieres and documentaries including the annual Film Comment Presents selection

Context: American writer on film

Context: and the next person?

Context: New York City cineaste and curator

Context: what does this last one means?

Context: A manager or overseer who as a keeper of a cultural heritage institution is a content specialist charged with an institution's collections and involved with the interpretation of heritage material including historical artifacts

Context: what type of education or training is required for it?

Context: A high academic degree in their subject, typically a Doctor of Philosophy or a master's degree in subjects such as history, art, history of art, archaeology, anthropology, or classics

Context: from where does the fifth subject derived its name?

Context: From the combining forms of the Greek words "ánthrōpos" (, "human") and "lógos" (, "study")

Context: what does it basically deals with?

Context: The scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology and societies, in both the present and past, including past human species

Context: how is it related to linguistics?

Context: Linguistic anthropology seeks to understand the processes of human communications, verbal and non-verbal, variation in language across time and space, the social uses of language, and the relationship between language and culture

Context: is it also related to military purposes?

Context: Anthropologists' involvement with the U.S. government, in particular, has caused bitter controversy within the discipline

Context: the kind of biology you mentioned above in your answer, what is that?

Context: An interdisciplinary area of study that examines humans through the influences and interplay of many diverse fields

Context: the kind of linguistic form that you have mentioned above, can you tell one of its ideologies?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the purpose of the fourth subject?

Context: To learn more about past societies and the development of the human race

Question: can you mention one of the methods used in it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Archaeology [SEP] Purpose


Question: where does the most metabolic activity in the cell occur

Answer: In the cytosol.

Explanation: cytosol

Cytosol [SEP] Introduction

The cytosol, also known as intracellular fluid (ICF) or cytoplasmic matrix, or groundplasm, is the liquid found inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes. For example, the mitochondrial matrix separates the mitochondrion into many compartments. In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is surrounded by the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. The cytosol is thus a liquid matrix around the organelles. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space.


Context: where does the most metabolic activity in the cell occur

Context: In the cytosol.

Question: define it?

Answer: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Explanation: is the liquid found inside cells.

Cytosol [SEP] Introduction


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Question: what is it composed of?

Answer: It consists mostly of water, dissolved ions, small molecules, and large water-soluble molecules (such as proteins).

Cytosol [SEP] Properties and composition

The proportion of cell volume that is cytosol varies: for example while this compartment forms the bulk of cell structure in bacteria, in plant cells the main compartment is the large central vacuole. The cytosol consists mostly of water, dissolved ions, small molecules, and large water-soluble molecules (such as proteins). The majority of these non-protein molecules have a molecular mass of less than 300 Da. This mixture of small molecules is extraordinarily complex, as the variety of molecules that are involved in metabolism (the metabolites) is immense. For example, up to 200,000 different small molecules might be made in plants, although not all these will be present in the same species, or in a single cell.


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: It consists mostly of water, dissolved ions, small molecules, and large water-soluble molecules (such as proteins).

Question: who discovered about it?

Answer: H. A. Lardy

Explanation: H. A. Lardy

Cytosol [SEP] Definition

The term "cytosol" was first introduced in 1965 by H. A. Lardy, and initially referred to the liquid that was produced by breaking cells apart and pelleting all the insoluble components by ultracentrifugation. Such a soluble cell extract is not identical to the soluble part of the cell cytoplasm and is usually called a cytoplasmic fraction. The term "cytosol" is now used to refer to the liquid phase of the cytoplasm in an intact cell. This excludes any part of the cytoplasm that is contained within organelles. Due to the possibility of confusion between the use of the word "cytosol" to refer to both extracts of cells and the soluble part of the cytoplasm in intact cells, the phrase "aqueous cytoplasm" has been used to describe the liquid contents of the cytoplasm of living cells.


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered about it?

Context: H. A. Lardy

Question: where was he born?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Cytosol [SEP] Definition


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered about it?

Context: H. A. Lardy

Context: where was he born?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: which institute was he associated with?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Cytosol [SEP] Definition


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered about it?

Context: H. A. Lardy

Context: where was he born?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which institute was he associated with?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: the last thing mentioned in the composition, has it got any complex??

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Cytosol [SEP] Definition


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered about it?

Context: H. A. Lardy

Context: where was he born?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which institute was he associated with?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: the last thing mentioned in the composition, has it got any complex??

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the function of the earlier defined thing?

Answer: It has no single function and is instead the site of multiple cell processes.

Cytosol [SEP] Function

The cytosol has no single function and is instead the site of multiple cell processes. Examples of these processes include signal transduction from the cell membrane to sites within the cell, such as the cell nucleus, or organelles. This compartment is also the site of many of the processes of cytokinesis, after the breakdown of the nuclear membrane in mitosis. Another major function of cytosol is to transport metabolites from their site of production to where they are used. This is relatively simple for water-soluble molecules, such as amino acids, which can diffuse rapidly through the cytosol. However, hydrophobic molecules, such as fatty acids or sterols, can be transported through the cytosol by specific binding proteins, which shuttle these molecules between cell membranes.


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered about it?

Context: H. A. Lardy

Context: where was he born?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which institute was he associated with?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is the function of the earlier defined thing?

Context: It has no single function and is instead the site of multiple cell processes.

Question: has it got any defined molecular structure?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Cytosol [SEP] Function


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered about it?

Context: H. A. Lardy

Context: where was he born?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which institute was he associated with?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: has it got any defined molecular structure?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: give an example of the process?

Answer: Signal transduction from the cell membrane to sites within the cell, such as the cell nucleus, or organelles.

Explanation: signal transduction from the cell membrane to sites within the cell, such as the cell nucleus, or organelles.

Cytosol [SEP] Function


Context: In the cytosol.

Context: define it?

Context: It is the liquid found inside cells.

Context: what is it composed of?

Context: who discovered about it?

Context: H. A. Lardy

Context: where was he born?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which institute was he associated with?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: give an example of the process?

Context: Signal transduction from the cell membrane to sites within the cell, such as the cell nucleus, or organelles.

Question: what is the stimulus for it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Cytosol [SEP] Function


Question: what year was the harry potter series set in

Answer: 1991 to 1998.

Harry Potter [SEP] Plot

As Harry develops through his adolescence, he learns to overcome the problems that face him: magical, social, and emotional, including ordinary teenage challenges such as friendships, infatuation, romantic relationships, schoolwork and exams, anxiety, depression, stress, and the greater test of preparing himself for the confrontation that lies ahead in wizarding Britain's increasingly-violent second wizarding war. Each novel chronicles one year in Harry's life during the period from 1991 to 1998. The books also contain many flashbacks, which are frequently experienced by Harry viewing the memories of other characters in a device called a Pensieve.


Context: what year was the harry potter series set in

Context: 1991 to 1998.

Question: is it a novel ?

Answer: Yes, it is a series of seven fantasy novels.

Harry Potter [SEP] Introduction

Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The novels chronicle the lives of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story arc concerns Harry's struggle against Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become immortal, overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic and subjugate all wizards and Muggles (non-magical people). Since the release of the first novel, "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", on 26 June 1997, the books have found immense popularity, positive reviews and commercial success worldwide.


Context: 1991 to 1998.

Context: is it a novel ?

Context: Yes, it is a series of seven fantasy novels.

Question: who wrote it ?

Answer: J. K. Rowling

Explanation: Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling

Harry Potter [SEP] Introduction


Context: 1991 to 1998.

Context: is it a novel ?

Context: who wrote it ?

Context: J. K. Rowling

Question: where was she born ?

Answer: Yate, Gloucestershire.

J. K. Rowling [SEP] Birth and family

Joanne Rowling was born on 31 July 1965 in Yate, Gloucestershire, the daughter of science technician Anne (née Volant) and Rolls-Royce aircraft engineer Peter James Rowling. Her parents first met on a train departing from King's Cross Station bound for Arbroath in 1964. They married on 14 March 1965. One of Rowling's maternal great-grandfathers, Dugald Campbell, was a Scottish man from Lamlash. Her mother's French paternal grandfather, Louis Volant, was awarded the War Cross for exceptional bravery in defending the village of Courcelles-le-Comte during World War I. Rowling originally believed Volant had won the Legion of Honour during the war, as she said when she received it herself in 2009.


Context: 1991 to 1998.

Context: is it a novel ?

Context: who wrote it ?

Context: J. K. Rowling

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Yate, Gloucestershire.

Question: who is she married to ?

Answer: She was married to Jorge Arantes.

J. K. Rowling [SEP] Marriage, divorce, and single parenthood

An advertisement in "The Guardian" led Rowling to move to Porto, Portugal, to teach English as a foreign language. She taught at night and began writing in the day while listening to Tchaikovsky's Violin Concerto. After 18 months in Porto, she met Portuguese television journalist Jorge Arantes in a bar and found they shared an interest in Jane Austen. They married on 16 October 1992 and their child, Jessica Isabel Rowling Arantes (named after Jessica Mitford), was born on 27 July 1993 in Portugal. Rowling had previously suffered a miscarriage. The couple separated on 17 November 1993. Biographers have suggested that Rowling suffered domestic abuse during her marriage, which was later confirmed by Rowling herself, and by her first husband, who, in an article for "The Sun" in June 2020, said he had slapped her and did not regret it.


Context: 1991 to 1998.

Context: is it a novel ?

Context: who wrote it ?

Context: J. K. Rowling

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Yate, Gloucestershire.

Context: who is she married to ?

Context: She was married to Jorge Arantes.

Question: does she suffer from any disease ?

Answer: No.

J. K. Rowling [SEP] Multiple sclerosis

Rowling has contributed money and support for research and treatment of multiple sclerosis, from which her mother suffered before her death in 1990. In 2006, Rowling contributed a substantial sum toward the creation of a new Centre for Regenerative Medicine at Edinburgh University, later named the Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic. In 2010, she donated another £10 million to the centre, and in 2019 a further £15 million. For unknown reasons, Scotland, Rowling's country of adoption, has the highest rate of multiple sclerosis in the world. In 2003, Rowling took part in a campaign to establish a national standard of care for MS sufferers.


Context: 1991 to 1998.

Context: is it a novel ?

Context: who wrote it ?

Context: J. K. Rowling

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Yate, Gloucestershire.

Context: who is she married to ?

Context: She was married to Jorge Arantes.

Context: does she suffer from any disease ?

Context: No.

Question: what education qualification she holds ?

Answer: A B.A. in French and Classics.

J. K. Rowling [SEP] Education

In 1982, Rowling took the entrance exams for Oxford University but was not accepted and earned a BA in French and Classics at the University of Exeter. Martin Sorrell, a French professor at Exeter, remembers "a quietly competent student, with a denim jacket and dark hair, who, in academic terms, gave the appearance of doing what was necessary". Rowling recalls doing little work, preferring to read Dickens and Tolkien. After a year of study in Paris, Rowling graduated from Exeter in 1986. In 1988, Rowling wrote a short essay about her time studying Classics titled "What was the Name of that Nymph Again? or Greek and Roman Studies Recalled"; it was published by the University of Exeter's journal "Pegasus".


Context: 1991 to 1998.

Context: is it a novel ?

Context: who wrote it ?

Context: J. K. Rowling

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Yate, Gloucestershire.

Context: who is she married to ?

Context: She was married to Jorge Arantes.

Context: does she suffer from any disease ?

Context: No.

Context: what education qualification she holds ?

Context: A B.A. in French and Classics.

Question: has the above novel been adapted into any movie ?

Answer: Yes, of the same names.

Harry Potter [SEP] Introduction

A play, "Harry Potter and the Cursed Child", based on a story co-written by Rowling, premiered in London on 30 July 2016 at the Palace Theatre, and its script was published by Little, Brown. The original seven books were adapted into an eight-part namesake film series by Warner Bros. Pictures, which is the third highest-grossing film series of all time . In 2016, the total value of the "Harry Potter" franchise was estimated at $25 billion, making "Harry Potter" one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time.


Context: 1991 to 1998.

Context: is it a novel ?

Context: who wrote it ?

Context: J. K. Rowling

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Yate, Gloucestershire.

Context: who is she married to ?

Context: She was married to Jorge Arantes.

Context: does she suffer from any disease ?

Context: No.

Context: A B.A. in French and Classics.

Context: has the above novel been adapted into any movie ?

Context: Yes, of the same names.

Question: name same characters from it ?

Answer: Albus Dumbledore, Ron Weasley, Hermione Granger, Lord Voldemort, Lily and James Potter.

Explanation: Harry James Potter is a fictional character and the titular protagonist in J.K. Rowling's series of eponymous novels. The majority of the books' plot covers seven years in the life of the orphan Harry, who, on his eleventh birthday, learns he is a wizard. Thus, he attends Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to practice magic under the guidance of the kindly headmaster Albus Dumbledore and other school professors along with his best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. Harry also discovers that he is already famous throughout the novel's magical community, and that his fate is tied with that of Lord Voldemort – the internationally feared Dark Wizard and murderer of his parents, Lily and James. The film and book series revolve around Harry's struggle to adapt to the wizarding world and defeat Voldemort. Harry is considered a fictional icon and has been described by many critics, readers, and audiences as one of the greatest literary and film characters of all time.

Harry Potter (character) [SEP] Introduction


Question: who played the talking cow in family guy

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Seth MacFarlane [SEP] Introduction

Seth Woodbury MacFarlane (; born October 26, 1973) is an American actor, animator, writer, producer, director, comedian, and singer. MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series "Family Guy" (1999–present) and "The Orville" (2017–present), and co-creator of the TV series "American Dad!" (2005–present) and "The Cleveland Show" (2009–2013). He also wrote, directed, and starred in the films "Ted" (2012), its sequel "Ted 2" (2015), and "A Million Ways to Die in the West" (2014). MacFarlane is a graduate of the Rhode Island School of Design, where he studied animation. Recruited to Hollywood, he was an animator and writer for Hanna-Barbera for several television series, including "Johnny Bravo", "Cow and Chicken", "Dexter's Laboratory", "I Am Weasel", and "Larry & Steve".


Context: who played the talking cow in family guy

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: is it a television series or film?

Answer: It an American animated sitcom

Family Guy [SEP] Introduction

Family Guy is an American animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane for the Fox Broadcasting Company that debuted on January 31, 1999. The series is produced by Fuzzy Door Productions and 20th Television and syndicated by 20th Television. The series centers on the Griffins, a family consisting of parents Peter and Lois; their children, Meg, Chris, and Stewie; and their anthropomorphic pet dog, Brian. The show is set in the fictional city of Quahog, Rhode Island, and exhibits much of its surreal and dark humor in the form of metafictional cutaway gags that often lampoon American culture. The family was conceived by MacFarlane after developing two animated films, "The Life of Larry" and "Larry & Steve".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Question: who created this sitcom?

Answer: Seth MacFarlane

Explanation: Family Guy is an American animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane

Family Guy [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Question: who is this person?

Answer: He is is an American actor, animator, writer, producer, director, comedian, and singer

Explanation: Seth Woodbury MacFarlane (; born October 26, 1973) is an American actor, animator, writer, producer, director, comedian, and singer.

Seth MacFarlane [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Context: who is this person?

Context: He is is an American actor, animator, writer, producer, director, comedian, and singer

Question: name few of his films were he wrote, directed and acted in?

Answer: "Ted"

Explanation: He also wrote, directed, and starred in the films "Ted"

Seth MacFarlane [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Context: who is this person?

Context: name few of his films were he wrote, directed and acted in?

Context: "Ted"

Question: what is the storyline of this film?

Answer: The film tells the story of John Bennett, a Boston native whose childhood wish brings his teddy bear friend Ted to life. However, in adulthood, Ted prevents John and his love interest Lori Collins from moving on with their lives

Ted (film) [SEP] Introduction

Ted is a 2012 American comedy film directed by Seth MacFarlane and written by MacFarlane, Alec Sulkin, and Wellesley Wild. The film stars Mark Wahlberg and Mila Kunis, with Joel McHale and Giovanni Ribisi in supporting roles, and MacFarlane providing the voice and motion capture of the title character. The film tells the story of John Bennett, a Boston native whose childhood wish brings his teddy bear friend Ted to life. However, in adulthood, Ted prevents John and his love interest Lori Collins from moving on with their lives. The film is MacFarlane's feature-length directorial debut, produced by Media Rights Capital and distributed by Universal Pictures.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Context: who is this person?

Context: "Ted"

Context: what is the storyline of this film?

Context: The film tells the story of John Bennett, a Boston native whose childhood wish brings his teddy bear friend Ted to life. However, in adulthood, Ted prevents John and his love interest Lori Collins from moving on with their lives

Question: when was it released?

Answer: June 29, 2012

Ted (film) [SEP] Introduction

"Ted" was released in theaters in the United States on June 29, 2012, and was a box office hit, grossing $549.4 million against a $50 million budget. It was the 12th highest-grossing film of 2012 and received an Oscar nomination for Best Original Song. "Ted" received mixed to positive reviews with critics praising the humor and premise while criticizing the plot and inconsistent script. A sequel, "Ted 2", was released in 2015.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Context: who is this person?

Context: "Ted"

Context: what is the storyline of this film?

Context: when was it released?

Context: June 29, 2012

Question: what are the actor/director's other projects?

Answer: It was announced that MacFarlane would be reviving "The Flintstones" for the Fox network, with the first episode airing in 2013, MacFarlane told "The Hollywood Reporter", "If I did a Broadway musical, I'd probably want to do something a little bit more old-fashioned...I wouldn't necessarily do something that was as edgy as what they [Matt Stone and Trey Parker] have done, it was also announced that MacFarlane would be adapting Clive Barker’s novel "Books of Blood" into a feature film for Hulu

Explanation:
In May 2011, it was announced that MacFarlane would be reviving "The Flintstones" for the Fox network, with the first episode airing in 2013. MacFarlane said that he would provide the voice of Barney Rubble. In October 2011, MacFarlane was working on another animated series with Alex Borstein and Gary Janetti. In 2015, MacFarlane was developing sitcom called "2 Black Dudes" with J. Lee and Mark Mariano. All three series′ did not move forward with an order by the network.

MacFarlane told "The Hollywood Reporter", "If I did a Broadway musical, I'd probably want to do something a little bit more old-fashioned...I wouldn't necessarily do something that was as edgy as what they [Matt Stone and Trey Parker] have done. The challenge to me would be more along the lines of, gosh, can somebody write "Oklahoma!" for 2011?" He has also said that, "The good thing about Broadway is that you don't have to worry about an airdate. It gets done when it gets done."

In 2018, it was announced that MacFar

Seth MacFarlane [SEP] Other projects


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Context: who is this person?

Context: "Ted"

Context: what is the storyline of this film?

Context: when was it released?

Context: June 29, 2012

Context: what are the actor/director's other projects?

Context: It was announced that MacFarlane would be reviving "The Flintstones" for the Fox network, with the first episode airing in 2013, MacFarlane told "The Hollywood Reporter", "If I did a Broadway musical, I'd probably want to do something a little bit more old-fashioned...I wouldn't necessarily do something that was as edgy as what they [Matt Stone and Trey Parker] have done, it was also announced that MacFarlane would be adapting Clive Barker’s novel "Books of Blood" into a feature film for Hulu

Question: what are the main characters in the sitcom mentioned at the beginning?

Answer: Peter, Lois, Meg, Chris, Stewie,  Brian

Explanation: The series centers on the Griffins, a family consisting of parents Peter and Lois; their children, Meg, Chris, and Stewie; and their anthropomorphic pet dog, Brian. The show is set in the fictional city of Quahog, Rhode Island, and exhibits much of its surreal and dark humor in the form of metafictional cutaway gags that often lampoon American culture.

Family Guy [SEP] Introduction


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Context: who is this person?

Context: "Ted"

Context: what is the storyline of this film?

Context: when was it released?

Context: June 29, 2012

Context: what are the main characters in the sitcom mentioned at the beginning?

Context: Peter, Lois, Meg, Chris, Stewie,  Brian

Question: who were the voice cast for these characters?

Answer: Seth MacFarlane , Alex Borstein, Seth Green, etc.

Explanation:
Seth MacFarlane voices three of the show's main characters: Peter Griffin, Brian Griffin, and Stewie Griffin. Since MacFarlane had a strong vision for these characters, he chose to voice them himself, believing it would be easier than for someone else to attempt it. MacFarlane drew inspiration for the voice of Peter from a security guard he overheard talking while attending the Rhode Island School of Design. Stewie's voice was based on the voice of English actor Rex Harrison, especially his performance in the 1964 musical drama film "My Fair Lady". MacFarlane uses his regular speaking voice when playing Brian. MacFarlane also provides the voices for various other recurring and one-time-only characters, most prominently those of the Griffins' neighbor Glenn Quagmire, news anchor Tom Tucker, and Lois' father, Carter Pewterschmidt.

Alex Borstein voices Peter's wife Lois Griffin, Asian correspondent Tricia Takanawa, Loretta Brown, and Lois' mother, Babs Pewterschmidt. Borstein was asked t

Family Guy [SEP] Voice cast


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Context: who is this person?

Context: "Ted"

Context: what is the storyline of this film?

Context: when was it released?

Context: June 29, 2012

Context: Peter, Lois, Meg, Chris, Stewie,  Brian

Context: who were the voice cast for these characters?

Context: Seth MacFarlane , Alex Borstein, Seth Green, etc.

Question: was there a lawsuit filed during the series telecasting?

Answer: Yes, Carol Burnett filed a $6 million lawsuit against 20th Century Fox, claiming that her charwoman cartoon character had been portrayed on the show without her permission

Family Guy [SEP] Lawsuits

In March 2007 comedian Carol Burnett filed a $6 million lawsuit against 20th Century Fox, claiming that her charwoman cartoon character had been portrayed on the show without her permission. She stated it was a trademark infringement, and that Fox violated her publicity rights. On June 4, 2007, United States District Judge Dean D. Pregerson rejected the lawsuit, stating that the parody was protected under the First Amendment, citing "Hustler Magazine v. Falwell" as a precedent. On October 3, 2007, Bourne Co. Music Publishers filed a lawsuit accusing the show of infringing its copyright on the song "When You Wish Upon a Star", through a parody song entitled "I Need a Jew" appearing in the episode "When You Wish Upon a Weinstein".


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is it a television series or film?

Context: It an American animated sitcom

Context: who created this sitcom?

Context: Seth MacFarlane

Context: who is this person?

Context: "Ted"

Context: what is the storyline of this film?

Context: when was it released?

Context: June 29, 2012

Context: Peter, Lois, Meg, Chris, Stewie,  Brian

Context: was there a lawsuit filed during the series telecasting?

Context: Yes, Carol Burnett filed a $6 million lawsuit against 20th Century Fox, claiming that her charwoman cartoon character had been portrayed on the show without her permission

Question: was there a book published based on this sitcom?

Answer: Yes a comic book based on the "Family Guy" universe was produced

Family Guy [SEP] Books

It was published in the United Kingdom in 2007 by Orion Books. A comic book based on the "Family Guy" universe was produced. Published by Titan Comics, edited by Steve White, and illustrated by Anthony Williams and S. L. Gallant, the writing and the illustrations was supervised by the show's producers. The first comic book was released on July 27, 2011.


Question: what is the most popular music in the usa

Answer: Blues, rock, R&B, gospel, heavy metal, disco, and hip hop, to name a few.

American popular music [SEP] Introduction

American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world. The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture, including ragtime, blues, jazz, swing, rock, bluegrass, country, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk, disco, house, techno, salsa, grunge and hip hop. In addition, the American music industry is quite diverse, supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco, klezmer and slack-key. Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music.


Context: what is the most popular music in the usa

Context: Blues, rock, R&B, gospel, heavy metal, disco, and hip hop, to name a few.

Question: what is the latter mentioned type?

Answer: It is a culture and art movement that was created by African Americans, Latino Americans and Caribbean Americans in the Bronx, New York City.

Hip hop [SEP] Introduction

Hip hop or hip-hop is a culture and art movement that was created by African Americans, Latino Americans and Caribbean Americans in the Bronx, New York City. The origin of the name is often disputed. It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx. While the term "hip hop" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (including rap), hip hop is characterized four key elements: "rapping" (also called MCing or emceeing), a rhythmic vocal rhyming style (orality); DJing (and turntablism), which is making music with record players and DJ mixers (aural/sound and music creation); b-boying/b-girling/breakdancing (movement/dance); and graffiti.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: It is a culture and art movement that was created by African Americans, Latino Americans and Caribbean Americans in the Bronx, New York City.

Question: what happened to it during the 80s?

Answer: During the 1980s, hip hop also embraced the creation of rhythm by using the human body, via the vocal percussion technique of beatboxing.

Hip hop [SEP] 1980s

Encompassing graffiti art, MCing/rapping, DJing and b-boying, hip hop became the dominant cultural movement of the minority-populated urban communities in the 1980s. The 1980s also saw many artists make social statements through hip hop. In 1982, Melle Mel and Duke Bootee recorded "The Message" (officially credited to Grandmaster Flash and The Furious Five), a song that foreshadowed the socially conscious statements of Run-DMC's "It's like That" and Public Enemy's "Black Steel in the Hour of Chaos". During the 1980s, hip hop also embraced the creation of rhythm by using the human body, via the vocal percussion technique of beatboxing. Pioneers such as Doug E.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: During the 1980s, hip hop also embraced the creation of rhythm by using the human body, via the vocal percussion technique of beatboxing.

Question: where did this genre take its name from?

Answer: While the term "hip hop" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music. It took shape from elements like “rapping”, "a rhythmic vocal rhyming style”, “DJing”, "b-boying” and “beatboxing".

Explanation: While the term "hip hop" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (including rap), hip hop is characterized four key elements: "rapping" (also called MCing or emceeing), a rhythmic vocal rhyming style (orality); DJing (and turntablism), which is making music with record players and DJ mixers (aural/sound and music creation); b-boying/b-girling/breakdancing (movement/dance); and graffiti. Other elements are: hip hop culture and historical knowledge of the movement (intellectual/philosophical); beatboxing, a percussive vocal style; street entrepreneurship; hip hop language; and hip hop fashion and style, among others. The fifth element, although debated, is commonly considered either street knowledge, hip hop fashion, or beatboxing.

Hip hop [SEP] Introduction

Hip hop culture has spread to both urban and suburban communities throughout the United States and subsequently the world. These elements were adapted and developed considerably, particularly as the art forms spread to new continents and merged with local styles in the 1990s and subsequent decades. Even as the movement continues to expand globally and explore myriad styles and art forms, including hip hop theater and hip hop film, the four foundational elements provide coherence and a strong foundation for hip hop culture. Hip hop is simultaneously a new and old phenomenon; the importance of sampling tracks, beats, and basslines from old records to the art form means that much of the culture has revolved around the idea of updating classic recordings, attitudes, and experiences for modern audiences.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: where did this genre take its name from?

Context: While the term "hip hop" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music. It took shape from elements like “rapping”, "a rhythmic vocal rhyming style”, “DJing”, "b-boying” and “beatboxing".

Question: which society people did it marginalize?

Answer: It frequently promotes masculine hegemony and it depicts women as individuals who must rely on men.

Hip hop [SEP] Marginalization of women

Hip hop music frequently promotes masculine hegemony and it depicts women as individuals who must rely on men. The portrayal of women in hip hop lyrics and videos tends to be violent, degrading, and highly sexualized. There is a high frequency of songs with lyrics that are demeaning, or depict sexual violence or sexual assault towards women. Videos often portray idealized female bodies and depict women as being the object of male pleasure. The misrepresentation of women, primarily woman of color, as objects rather than other human beings and the presence of male dominance in hip hop extends back to the birth of the genre.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: which society people did it marginalize?

Context: It frequently promotes masculine hegemony and it depicts women as individuals who must rely on men.

Question: what is its impact on education?

Answer: It has been a major factor in educating its listeners on HIV/AIDS, a disease that has affected the community very closely.

Hip hop [SEP] Education

In 2007, the Cornell University Library established a "Hip Hop Collection" to collect and make accessible the historical artifacts of hip hop culture and to ensure their preservation for future generations. The hip-hop community has been a major factor in educating its listeners on HIV/AIDS, a disease that has affected the community very closely. One of the biggest artists of early hip-hop Eazy-E, a member of N.W.A had died of AIDS in 1995. Since then many artists, producers, choreographers and many others from many different locations have tried to make an impact and raise awareness of HIV in the hip-hop community.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: what is its impact on education?

Context: It has been a major factor in educating its listeners on HIV/AIDS, a disease that has affected the community very closely.

Question: how was it commercialised?

Answer: Young hip hop artists from the 2010s have taken a music genre with extensive roots in underground music and turned it into commercialized pop music

Hip hop [SEP] Commercialization and stereotyping

In 2012, hip hop and rap pioneer Chuck D, from the group Public Enemy criticized young hip hop artists from the 2010s, stating that they have taken a music genre with extensive roots in underground music and turned it into commercialized pop music. In particular, seminal figures in the early underground, politically motivated music, such as Ice-T, have criticized current hip hop artists for being more concerned with image than substance. Critics have stated that 2010s hip hop artists are contributing to cultural stereotyping of African-American culture and are poseur gangsters. Critics have also stated that hip hop music promotes drug use and violence.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: what is its impact on education?

Context: how was it commercialised?

Context: Young hip hop artists from the 2010s have taken a music genre with extensive roots in underground music and turned it into commercialized pop music

Question: how does it impact fashion?

Answer: Brands such as Ralph Lauren, Calvin Klein and Tommy Hilfiger all tapped into hip hop culture and gave very little in return.

Hip hop [SEP] Fashion

Starting in the mid- to late 1990s, hip hop culture embraced some major designers and established a new connection with classic fashion. Brands such as Ralph Lauren, Calvin Klein and Tommy Hilfiger all tapped into hip hop culture and gave very little in return. Moving into the new millennium, hip hop fashion consisted of baggy shirts, jeans, and jerseys. As names like Pharrell and Jay-Z started their own clothing lines and still others like Kanye West linked up with designers like Louis Vuitton, the clothes got tighter, more classically fashionable, and expensive. As hip hop has a seen a shift in the means by which its artists express their masculinity, from violence and intimidation to wealth-flaunting and entrepreneurship, it has also seen the emergence of rapper branding.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: what is its impact on education?

Context: how was it commercialised?

Context: how does it impact fashion?

Context: Brands such as Ralph Lauren, Calvin Klein and Tommy Hilfiger all tapped into hip hop culture and gave very little in return.

Question: who are some well known artists of this genre?

Answer: Queen Latifah, Missy Elliott, and MC Lyte are some of them.

Hip hop [SEP] Legacy

However, with the emergence of commercial and crime-related gangsta rap during the early 1990s, violence, drugs, weapons, and misogyny, were key themes. Socially and politically conscious hip hop has long been disregarded by mainstream America in favor of its media-baiting sibling, gangsta rap. Black female artists such as Queen Latifah, Missy Elliott, and MC Lyte have made great strides since the hip hop industry first began. By producing music and an image that did not cater to the hyper-sexualized stereotypes of black women in hip hop, these women pioneered a revitalized and empowering image of black women in hip hop.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: what is its impact on education?

Context: how was it commercialised?

Context: how does it impact fashion?

Context: who are some well known artists of this genre?

Context: Queen Latifah, Missy Elliott, and MC Lyte are some of them.

Question: where is the first mentioned artist from?

Answer: New Jersey, United States.

Queen Latifah [SEP] Early life

Dana Elaine Owens was born in Newark, New Jersey, United States, on March 18, 1970, and lived primarily in East Orange, New Jersey. She is the daughter of Rita Lamae (née Bray), a teacher at Irvington High School (Latifah's alma mater), and Lancelot Amos Owens, a police officer.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: what is its impact on education?

Context: how was it commercialised?

Context: how does it impact fashion?

Context: where is the first mentioned artist from?

Context: New Jersey, United States.

Question: where did she go to study?

Answer: She attended Essex Catholic Girls' High School in Irvington, but graduated from Irvington High School.

Queen Latifah [SEP] Education

Owens attended Essex Catholic Girls' High School in Irvington, but graduated from Irvington High School. Her parents divorced when Latifah was ten. Latifah was raised in the Baptist faith and attended Catholic school in Newark, New Jersey. She found her stage name, "Latifah" ( "laţīfa"), meaning "delicate" and "very kind" in Arabic, in a book of Arabic names when she was eight. Always tall, the Latifah was a power forward on her high school basketball team. She performed the number "Home" from the musical "The Wiz" in a grammar school play. After high school, Queen Latifah attended classes at Borough of Manhattan Community College.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: what is its impact on education?

Context: how was it commercialised?

Context: how does it impact fashion?

Context: New Jersey, United States.

Context: where did she go to study?

Context: She attended Essex Catholic Girls' High School in Irvington, but graduated from Irvington High School.

Question: how did she begin her musical career?

Answer: She began beat boxing for the hip-hop group Ladies Fresh.

Queen Latifah [SEP] 1988–1989: Career beginnings

She began beat boxing for the hip-hop group Ladies Fresh and was an original member of the Flavor Unit, which, at that time, was a crew of MCs grouped around producer DJ King Gemini, who made a demo recording of Queen Latifah's rap Princess of the Posse. He gave the recording to Fab 5 Freddy, the host of "Yo! MTV Raps". The song got the attention of Tommy Boy Music employee Dante Ross, who signed Latifah and in 1989 issued her first single, "Wrath of My Madness". More recent artists, like Ice Cube and Lil' Kim, would go on to sample Latifah's track in their songs, "Wrath of Kim's Madness" and "You Can't Play With My Yo-Yo" in later years.


Context: what is the latter mentioned type?

Context: what happened to it during the 80s?

Context: what is its impact on education?

Context: how was it commercialised?

Context: how does it impact fashion?

Context: New Jersey, United States.

Context: where did she go to study?

Context: how did she begin her musical career?

Context: She began beat boxing for the hip-hop group Ladies Fresh.

Question: what are some of her songs?

Answer: "Fly Girl", "How Do I Love Thee" and "Latifah's Had It Up 2 Here" are some of them.

Nature of a Sista' [SEP] Introduction

Reviews of the album were mixed; some music critics praised Latifah's verses and the album's variety of musical styles, while others felt it was a poor follow-up to "All Hail the Queen". It peaked at number 117 on the "Billboard" 200 chart and sold over 500,000 copies worldwide. Three singles"Fly Girl", "How Do I Love Thee", and "Latifah's Had It Up 2 Here"were released and promoted through accompanying music videos; all of the songs made appearances on "Billboard" charts. Following the release of the album, Latifah was dropped from Tommy Boy Records due to low sales.


Question: where does the path train from hoboken stop

Answer: Lower and Midtown Manhattan in New York City

PATH (rail system) [SEP] Introduction

Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) is a rapid transit system in the northeastern New Jersey cities of Newark, Harrison, Jersey City, and Hoboken, and Lower and Midtown Manhattan in New York City. It is operated as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. PATH trains run around the clock year round; four routes serving 13 stations operate during the daytime on weekdays, while two routes operate during weekends, late nights, and holidays. Its tracks cross the Hudson River through century-old cast iron tubes that rest on the river bottom under a thin layer of silt.


Context: where does the path train from hoboken stop

Context: Lower and Midtown Manhattan in New York City

Question: when was it opened for public?

Answer: 1908

PATH (rail system) [SEP] Introduction

It operates as a deep-level subway in Manhattan and the Jersey City/Hoboken riverfront; from Grove Street in Jersey City to Newark, trains run in open cuts, at grade level, and on elevated track. The routes of the PATH system were originally operated by the Hudson & Manhattan Railroad (H&M), built to link New Jersey's Hudson Waterfront with New York City. The system began operations in 1908 and was fully built out in 1911. Three stations have since closed; two others were re-located after a re-alignment of the western terminus. From the 1920s, the rise of automobile travel and the concurrent construction of bridges and tunnels across the river sent the H&M into a financial decline from which it never recovered, and it was forced into bankruptcy in 1954.


Context: when was it opened for public?

Question: who was responsible for constructing it?

Answer: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

PATH (rail system) [SEP] Construction

Construction started on the first tunnel, now called the Uptown Hudson Tubes, in 1873. Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin built the tunnel by using compressed air to open a space in the mud and then lining it with brick. The railroad got from Jersey City this way until a lawsuit stopped work; accidents, including a particularly serious one in 1880 that killed 20 workers, caused additional delays. The project was abandoned in 1883 due to a lack of funds. An effort by a British company, between 1888 and 1892, also failed. When the New York and New Jersey Railroad Company resumed construction on the uptown tubes in 1902, its chief engineer, Charles M.


Context: when was it opened for public?

Context: who was responsible for constructing it?

Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

Question: did it get expanded?

Answer: In February 1909 the H&M announced plans to extend its Uptown Tubes northeast to Grand Central Terminal, located at Park Avenue and 42nd Street, but it was delayed because of planning for the Grand Central extension.

PATH (rail system) [SEP] External relations and unbuilt expansions

When the rapid transit commissioners approved construction of the H&M's Sixth Avenue line in 1904, they left open the option of digging an east-west crosstown line. The New York and New Jersey Railroad Company received perpetual rights to dig under Christopher and Ninth Streets eastward to either Second Avenue or Astor Place. The project was started but soon abandoned; about of the tube that was dug still exists. In February 1909 the H&M announced plans to extend its Uptown Tubes northeast to Grand Central Terminal, located at Park Avenue and 42nd Street. The openings of the 28th and 33rd Street stations were delayed because of planning for the Grand Central extension.


Context: when was it opened for public?

Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

Context: did it get expanded?

Context: In February 1909 the H&M announced plans to extend its Uptown Tubes northeast to Grand Central Terminal, located at Park Avenue and 42nd Street, but it was delayed because of planning for the Grand Central extension.

Question: was it mentioned in any form of art?

Answer: Yes, it appeared in the White Stripes's video for "The Hardest Button to Button", along with music videos, commercials, movies, and TV programs.

PATH (rail system) [SEP] In popular culture

PATH trains and stations have occasionally been the setting for music videos, commercials, movies, and TV programs. For instance, the White Stripes's video for "The Hardest Button to Button" was filmed at 33rd Street. Additionally, the premiere for of "" was filmed in the World Trade Center station. The PATH system is also often used as a stand-in for the New York City Subway, as in "" where it was portrayed as "Broad Street bound Z train".


Context: when was it opened for public?

Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

Context: did it get expanded?

Context: was it mentioned in any form of art?

Context: Yes, it appeared in the White Stripes's video for "The Hardest Button to Button", along with music videos, commercials, movies, and TV programs.

Question: what is the video mentioned about?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: when was it opened for public?

Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

Context: did it get expanded?

Context: was it mentioned in any form of art?

Context: what is the video mentioned about?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: which t.v. programmes did it get featured?

Answer: "The Simpsons"

The Hardest Button to Button [SEP] In popular culture

The song and video concept is used/spoofed in "The Simpsons" episode "Jazzy and the Pussycats", with The White Stripes guest starring as themselves. Bart Simpson starts playing to the song, imitating the video routine, until eventually crashing into Meg's drumkit. She and Jack chase Bart until he leaves them suspended in midair over an open drawbridge at the end of a riff, and they fall onto a garbage barge. The song is a playable track in "Rock Band 3". The song was used on a trailer for the Justice League movie. Previously another White Stripes song, "Icky Thump", was used for a trailer of the same movie.


Context: when was it opened for public?

Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

Context: did it get expanded?

Context: was it mentioned in any form of art?

Context: what is the video mentioned about?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which t.v. programmes did it get featured?

Context: "The Simpsons"

Question: is it a drama?

Answer: No, it is an American animated sitcom

The Simpsons [SEP] Introduction

The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series is a satirical depiction of American life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie. The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition. The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks. Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after his own family members, substituting Bart for his own name; he thought Simpson was a funny name in that it had the word "simp" in it, which is short for "simpleton".


Context: when was it opened for public?

Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

Context: did it get expanded?

Context: was it mentioned in any form of art?

Context: what is the video mentioned about?

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Context: "The Simpsons"

Context: is it a drama?

Context: No, it is an American animated sitcom

Question: who are the main characters in it?

Answer: The Simpson family - Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie

Explanation: The series is a satirical depiction of American life, epitomized by the Simpson family, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie. The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture and society, television, and the human condition.

The Simpsons [SEP] Introduction


Context: when was it opened for public?

Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

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Context: "The Simpsons"

Context: is it a drama?

Context: No, it is an American animated sitcom

Context: who are the main characters in it?

Context: The Simpson family - Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie

Question: who gave voice for the first character?

Answer: Dan Castellaneta

Homer Simpson [SEP] Introduction

Homer Jay Simpson is a fictional character and one of the main protagonists of the American animated sitcom "The Simpsons". He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta and first appeared on television, along with the rest of his family, in "The Tracey Ullman Show" short "Good Night" on April 19, 1987. Homer was created and designed by cartoonist Matt Groening while he was waiting in the lobby of James L. Brooks' office. Groening had been called to pitch a series of shorts based on his comic strip "Life in Hell" but instead decided to create a new set of characters. He named the character after his father, Homer Groening.


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Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

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Context: "The Simpsons"

Context: is it a drama?

Context: No, it is an American animated sitcom

Context: who are the main characters in it?

Context: who gave voice for the first character?

Context: Dan Castellaneta

Question: what theme does it deal with?

Answer: The series centers on a family and their life in a typical American town, serving as a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle.

The Simpsons [SEP] Themes

"The Simpsons" uses the standard setup of a situational comedy, or sitcom, as its premise. The series centers on a family and their life in a typical American town, serving as a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle. However, because of its animated nature, "The Simpsons" scope is larger than that of a regular sitcom. The town of Springfield acts as a complete universe in which characters can explore the issues faced by modern society. By having Homer work in a nuclear power plant, the show can comment on the state of the environment. Through Bart and Lisa's days at Springfield Elementary School, the show's writers illustrate pressing or controversial issues in the field of education.


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Context: Chief engineer Dewitt Haskin

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Context: "The Simpsons"

Context: is it a drama?

Context: No, it is an American animated sitcom

Context: who are the main characters in it?

Context: who gave voice for the first character?

Context: Dan Castellaneta

Context: what theme does it deal with?

Context: The series centers on a family and their life in a typical American town, serving as a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle.

Question: which channel did broadcast it?

Answer: FXX

The Simpsons [SEP] Syndication

The cable television network FXX has exclusive cable and digital syndication rights for "The Simpsons." Original contracts had previously stated that syndication rights for "The Simpsons" would not be sold to cable until the series conclusion, at a time when cable syndication deals were highly rare. The series has been syndicated to local broadcast stations in nearly all markets throughout the United States since September 1993. FXX premiered "The Simpsons" on their network on August 21, 2014 by starting a twelve-day marathon which featured the first 552 episodes (every single episode that had already been released at the time) aired chronologically, including "The Simpsons Movie", which FX Networks had already owned the rights to air.


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Context: "The Simpsons"

Context: is it a drama?

Context: No, it is an American animated sitcom

Context: who are the main characters in it?

Context: who gave voice for the first character?

Context: Dan Castellaneta

Context: what theme does it deal with?

Context: which channel did broadcast it?

Context: FXX

Question: was it nominated for any award?

Answer: Yes, numerous including, 34 Primetime Emmy Awards, 34 Annie Awards and a Peabody Award.

The Simpsons [SEP] Awards and honors

"The Simpsons" has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series, including 34 Primetime Emmy Awards, 34 Annie Awards and a Peabody Award. In a 1999 issue celebrating the 20th century's greatest achievements in arts and entertainment, "Time" magazine named "The Simpsons" the century's best television series. In that same issue, "Time" included Bart Simpson in the "", the publication's list of the century's 100 most influential people. Bart was the only fictional character on the list. On January 14, 2000, the Simpsons were awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Also in 2000, "Entertainment Weekly" magazine TV critic Ken Tucker named "The Simpsons" the greatest television show of the 1990s.


Question: what supreme court decision said that public schools should be integrated

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Brown v. Board of Education [SEP] Introduction

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. Handed down on May 17, 1954, the Court's unanimous (9–0) decision stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal", and therefore violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. However, the decision's 14 pages did not spell out any sort of method for ending racial segregation in schools, and the Court's second decision in "Brown II" () only ordered states to desegregate "with all deliberate speed".


Context: what supreme court decision said that public schools should be integrated

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Question: what was this case about?

Answer: It was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. However, the decision's 14 pages did not spell out any sort of method for ending racial segregation in schools, and the Court's second decision in "Brown II" only ordered states to desegregate "with all deliberate speed".

Explanation: Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. Handed down on May 17, 1954, the Court's unanimous (9–0) decision stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal", and therefore violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. However, the decision's 14 pages did not spell out any sort of method for ending racial segregation in schools, and the Court's second decision in "Brown II" () only ordered states to desegregate "with all deliberate speed".


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Context: what was this case about?

Context: It was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. However, the decision's 14 pages did not spell out any sort of method for ending racial segregation in schools, and the Court's second decision in "Brown II" only ordered states to desegregate "with all deliberate speed".

Question: how was the decision received?

Answer: Although Americans generally cheered the Court's decision in "Brown", most white Southerners decried it.

Brown v. Board of Education [SEP] Reaction and aftermath

Although Americans generally cheered the Court's decision in "Brown", most white Southerners decried it. Many Southern white Americans viewed "Brown v. Board of Education" as "a day of catastrophe—a Black Monday—a day something like Pearl Harbor." In the face of entrenched Southern opposition, progress on integrating American schools moved slowly: In Virginia, Senator Harry F. Byrd organized the Massive Resistance movement that included the closing of schools rather than desegregating them. For several decades after the Brown v. Board decision, African-American teachers, principals, and other school staff who worked in segregated Black schools were fired or laid off as Southerners sought to create a system of integrated schools with White leadership.


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Context: what was this case about?

Context: how was the decision received?

Context: Although Americans generally cheered the Court's decision in "Brown", most white Southerners decried it.

Question: what is the  meaning of this segregation which was deemed unconstitutional?

Answer: The case originated in 1951 when the public school district in Topeka, Kansas, refused to enroll the daughter of local black resident Oliver Brown at the school closest to their home, instead requiring her to ride a bus to a segregated black elementary school farther away.

The case originated in 1951 when the public school district in Topeka, Kansas, refused to enroll the daughter of local black resident Oliver Brown at the school closest to their home, instead requiring her to ride a bus to a segregated black elementary school farther away. The Browns and twelve other local black families in similar situations then filed a class action lawsuit in U.S. federal court against the Topeka Board of Education, alleging that its segregation policy was unconstitutional. A three-judge panel of the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas rendered a verdict against the Browns, relying on the precedent of the Supreme Court's 1896 decision in "Plessy v.


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Context: what is the  meaning of this segregation which was deemed unconstitutional?

Context: The case originated in 1951 when the public school district in Topeka, Kansas, refused to enroll the daughter of local black resident Oliver Brown at the school closest to their home, instead requiring her to ride a bus to a segregated black elementary school farther away.

Question: did any historic dynasties practice it?

Answer: Yes, the Tang and Qing dynasty.

Racial segregation [SEP] Tang dynasty

Several laws which enforced racial segregation of foreigners from Chinese were passed by the Han Chinese during the Tang dynasty. In 779 the Tang dynasty issued an edict which forced Uyghurs to wear their ethnic dress, stopped them from marrying Chinese females, and banned them from pretending to be Chinese. In 836, when Lu Chun was appointed as governor of Canton, he was disgusted to find Chinese living with foreigners and intermarriage between Chinese and foreigners. Lu enforced separation, banning interracial marriages, and made it illegal for foreigners to own property. Lu Chun believed his principles were just and upright.


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Context: did any historic dynasties practice it?

Context: Yes, the Tang and Qing dynasty.

Question: in what form was it present in the first dynasty?

Answer: Racial segregation of foreigners from Chinese.

Racial segregation [SEP] Tang dynasty


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Context: Yes, the Tang and Qing dynasty.

Context: in what form was it present in the first dynasty?

Context: Racial segregation of foreigners from Chinese.

Question: were nazis also involved in this practice?

Answer: Yes.

Racial segregation [SEP] Nazi Germany

German praise for America's system of institutional racism, which was previously found in Adolf Hitler's "Mein Kampf", was continuous throughout the early 1930s, and radical Nazi lawyers were advocates of the use of American models. Race based U.S. citizenship laws and anti-miscegenation laws directly inspired the two principal Nuremberg Laws—the Citizenship Law and the Blood Law. The ban on interracial marriage (anti-miscegenation) prohibited sexual relations and marriages between people classified as "Aryan" and "non-Aryan". Such relationships were called "Rassenschande" (race defilement). At first the laws were aimed primarily at Jews but were later extended to "Gypsies, Negroes and their bastard offspring".


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Context: did any historic dynasties practice it?

Context: Yes, the Tang and Qing dynasty.

Context: were nazis also involved in this practice?

Context: Yes.

Question: who did the discriminate against?

Answer: Non-Aryan.

Racial segregation [SEP] Nazi Germany


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Context: Yes, the Tang and Qing dynasty.

Context: Yes.

Context: who did the discriminate against?

Context: Non-Aryan.

Question: how were they persecuted?

Answer: It was prohibited sexual relations and marriages between people classified as "Aryan" and "non-Aryan".

Racial segregation [SEP] Nazi Germany


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Context: did any historic dynasties practice it?

Context: Yes, the Tang and Qing dynasty.

Context: Yes.

Context: who did the discriminate against?

Context: Non-Aryan.

Context: how were they persecuted?

Context: It was prohibited sexual relations and marriages between people classified as "Aryan" and "non-Aryan".

Question: where did this name come from?

Answer: Aryan is originally, a term used as a self-designation by Indo-Iranian peoples in ancient times.

Aryan [SEP] Introduction

Aryan () is, originally, a term used as a self-designation by Indo-Iranian peoples in ancient times, in contrast to "non-Indo-Aryan" or "non-Iranian" peoples. In Ancient India, the term "ā́rya-" was used by the Indo-Aryan speakers of the Vedic period as a religious label for themselves, as well as the geographic region known as "Āryāvarta", where the Indo-Aryan culture emerged. Similarly, ancient Iranian peoples used the term "airya"- as an ethnic label for themselves and in reference to their mythical homeland, "Airyanem Vaejah", in the Avesta scriptures. The root also forms the etymological source of the place names "Iran" and "Alania".


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Context: Yes, the Tang and Qing dynasty.

Context: Yes.

Context: who did the discriminate against?

Context: Non-Aryan.

Context: how were they persecuted?

Context: where did this name come from?

Context: Aryan is originally, a term used as a self-designation by Indo-Iranian peoples in ancient times.

Question: were there any changes in the society due to the court verdict in the above case?

Answer: For several decades after the Brown v. Board decision, African-American teachers, principals, and other school staff who worked in segregated Black schools were fired or laid off as Southerners sought to create a system of integrated schools with White leadership.

Explanation: For several decades after the Brown v. Board decision, African-American teachers, principals, and other school staff who worked in segregated Black schools were fired or laid off as Southerners sought to create a system of integrated schools with White leadership.


Question: when was the last year they made silver nickels

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Jefferson nickel [SEP] Introduction

The Jefferson nickel has been the five-cent coin struck by the United States Mint since 1938, when it replaced the Buffalo nickel. From 1938 until 2004, the copper-nickel coin's obverse featured a profile depiction of founding father and third U.S. President Thomas Jefferson by artist Felix Schlag; the obverse design used in 2005 was also in profile, though by Joe Fitzgerald. Since 2006 Jefferson's portrayal, newly designed by Jamie Franki, faces forward. The coin's reverse is still the Schlag original, although in 2004 and 2005 the piece bore commemorative designs. First struck in 1913, the Buffalo nickel had long been difficult to coin, and after it completed the 25-year term during which it could only be replaced by Congress, the Mint moved quickly to replace it with a new design.


Context: when was the last year they made silver nickels

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Question: who is jefferson nickel?

Answer: The Jefferson nickel has been the five-cent coin struck by the United States Mint since 1938.

Explanation: The Jefferson nickel has been the five-cent coin struck by the United States Mint since 1938, when it replaced the Buffalo nickel.

Jefferson nickel [SEP] Introduction


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Context: who is jefferson nickel?

Context: The Jefferson nickel has been the five-cent coin struck by the United States Mint since 1938.

Question: what is the cent's design?

Answer: The 1987 modification saw the sharpening of Jefferson's hair and the details of Monticello.

Jefferson nickel [SEP] 1946–2003: Later production of original designs

In both 1994 and 1997 matte proof nickels, with distinctive grainy surfaces, were struck in small numbers at the Philadelphia mint for inclusion in commemorative coin sets. During the late twentieth century the Mint repeatedly modified the design. In 1982, the steps were sharpened in that year's redesign. The 1987 modification saw the sharpening of Jefferson's hair and the details of Monticello—since 1987, well-struck nickels with six full steps on the reverse have been relatively common. In 1993, Jefferson's hair was again sharpened.


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Context: who is jefferson nickel?

Context: what is the cent's design?

Context: The 1987 modification saw the sharpening of Jefferson's hair and the details of Monticello.

Question: was there any redesigning of the front side of the coin?

Answer: Yes, the design for the nickel debuting in 2006 was designed by Franki.

Jefferson nickel [SEP] 2003–present: Westward Journey nickel series; redesign of obverse

The reverse for the first half of the year depicted an American bison, recalling the Buffalo nickel and designed by Jamie Franki. The reverse for the second half showed a coastline and the words "Ocean in view! O! The Joy!", from a journal entry by William Clark, co-leader of the Expedition. Clark had actually written the word as "ocian", but the Mint modernized the spelling. The obverse design for the nickel debuting in 2006 was designed by Franki. It depicts a forward-facing Jefferson based on an 1800 study by Rembrandt Peale, and includes "Liberty" in Jefferson's script. According to Acting Mint Director David Lebryk, "The image of a forward-facing Jefferson is a fitting tribute to [his] vision." The reverse beginning in 2006 was again Schlag's Monticello design, but newly sharpened by Mint engravers.


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Context: what is the cent's design?

Context: was there any redesigning of the front side of the coin?

Context: Yes, the design for the nickel debuting in 2006 was designed by Franki.

Question: what change did the wwii bring to this minting?

Answer: With the entry of the United States into World War II, nickel became a critical war material, and the Mint sought to reduce its use of the metal.

Jefferson nickel [SEP] 1938–1945: Early minting; World War II changes

For specialty collectors this 1939 die change also created two varieties for all three mints and proof strikings that year, the "Reverse of 1938" and the "Reverse of 1940", the latter being more common for Philadelphia, scarcer for the other two mints. A 1940 proof with the 1938 reverse has also been discovered. With the entry of the United States into World War II, nickel became a critical war material, and the Mint sought to reduce its use of the metal. On March 27, 1942, Congress authorized a nickel made of 50% copper and 50% silver, but gave the Mint the authority to vary the proportions, or add other metals, in the public interest.


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Context: what change did the wwii bring to this minting?

Context: With the entry of the United States into World War II, nickel became a critical war material, and the Mint sought to reduce its use of the metal.

Question: how did the war affect asia?

Answer: The Kuomintang (KMT) party in China launched a unification campaign against regional warlords and nominally unified China.

World War II [SEP] Asia

The Kuomintang (KMT) party in China launched a unification campaign against regional warlords and nominally unified China in the mid-1920s, but was soon embroiled in a civil war against its former Chinese Communist Party allies and new regional warlords. In 1931, an increasingly militaristic Empire of Japan, which had long sought influence in China as the first step of what its government saw as the country's right to rule Asia, staged the Mukden Incident as a pretext to invade Manchuria and establish the puppet state of Manchukuo. China appealed to the League of Nations to stop the Japanese invasion of Manchuria.


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Context: how did the war affect asia?

Context: The Kuomintang (KMT) party in China launched a unification campaign against regional warlords and nominally unified China.

Question: who were the allies that gained momentum?

Answer: United States, Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islander forces.

World War II [SEP] Allies gain momentum (1943–44)

After the Guadalcanal Campaign, the Allies initiated several operations against Japan in the Pacific. In May 1943, Canadian and US forces were sent to eliminate Japanese forces from the Aleutians. Soon after, the United States, with support from Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islander forces, began major ground, sea and air operations to isolate Rabaul by capturing surrounding islands, and breach the Japanese Central Pacific perimeter at the Gilbert and Marshall Islands. By the end of March 1944, the Allies had completed both of these objectives and had also neutralised the major Japanese base at Truk in the Caroline Islands.


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Context: who were the allies that gained momentum?

Context: United States, Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islander forces.

Question: were there any use of high tech weapon in the war?

Answer: Yes, guided missiles, aircraft carriers and submarines.

Explanation:
 The use of the jet aircraft was pioneered and, though late introduction meant it had little impact, it led to jets becoming standard in air forces worldwide. Although guided missiles were being developed, they were not advanced enough to reliably target aircraft until some years after the war.

Advances were made in nearly every aspect of naval warfare, most notably with aircraft carriers and submarines.

World War II [SEP] Advances in technology and warfare

Many means of destroying tanks, including indirect artillery, anti-tank guns (both towed and self-propelled), mines, short-ranged infantry antitank weapons, and other tanks were used. Even with large-scale mechanisation, infantry remained the backbone of all forces, and throughout the war, most infantry were equipped similarly to World War I. The portable machine gun spread, a notable example being the German MG34, and various submachine guns which were suited to close combat in urban and jungle settings. The assault rifle, a late war development incorporating many features of the rifle and submachine gun, became the standard postwar infantry weapon for most armed forces.


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Context: were there any use of high tech weapon in the war?

Context: Yes, guided missiles, aircraft carriers and submarines.

Question: what is the last mentioned one?

Answer: A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater.

Submarine [SEP] Introduction

A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. It is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely operated vehicles and robots, as well as medium-sized or smaller vessels, such as the midget submarine and the wet sub. Submarines are referred to as "boats" rather than "ships" irrespective of their size. Although experimental submarines had been built before, submarine design took off during the 19th century, and they were adopted by several navies. Submarines were first widely used during World War I (1914–1918), and are now used in many navies large and small.


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Context: what is the last mentioned one?

Context: A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater.

Question: which country built it?

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Submarine [SEP] Early submersibles

According to a report in "Opusculum Taisnieri" published in 1562: In 1578, the English mathematician William Bourne recorded in his book "Inventions or Devises" one of the first plans for an underwater navigation vehicle. A few years later the Scottish mathematician and theologian John Napier wrote in his "Secret Inventions" (1596) that "These inventions besides devises of sayling under water with divers, other devises and strategems for harming of the enemyes by the Grace of God and worke of expert Craftsmen I hope to perform." It's unclear whether he ever carried out his idea. The first submersible of whose construction there exists reliable information was designed and built in 1620 by Cornelis Drebbel, a Dutchman in the service of James I of England.


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Question: what types of sensors are used in it?

Answer: Modern military submarines rely almost entirely on a suite of passive and active sonars to locate targets.

Submarine [SEP] Sensors

A submarine can have a variety of sensors, depending on its missions. Modern military submarines rely almost entirely on a suite of passive and active sonars to locate targets. Active sonar relies on an audible "ping" to generate echoes to reveal objects around the submarine. Active systems are rarely used, as doing so reveals the sub's presence. Passive sonar is a set of sensitive hydrophones set into the hull or trailed in a towed array, normally trailing several hundred feet behind the sub. The towed array is the mainstay of NATO submarine detection systems, as it reduces the flow noise heard by operators.


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Context: what types of sensors are used in it?

Context: Modern military submarines rely almost entirely on a suite of passive and active sonars to locate targets.

Question: how is the communication done from it?

Answer: VLF (very low frequency) radio, ELF (extremely low frequency) and burst transmission.

Explanation:
Military submarines use several systems to communicate with distant command centers or other ships. One is VLF (very low frequency) radio, which can reach a submarine either on the surface or submerged to a fairly shallow depth, usually less than . ELF (extremely low frequency) can reach a submarine at greater depths, but has a very low bandwidth and is generally used to call a submerged sub to a shallower depth where VLF signals can reach. A submarine also has the option of floating a long, buoyant wire antenna to a shallower depth, allowing VLF transmissions by a deeply submerged boat.

By extending a radio mast, a submarine can also use a "burst transmission" technique.

Submarine [SEP] Communication