Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: what are the fees for being caught driving under the influence of alcohol?

Context: Penalties for DUI vary by level of intoxication and number of previous convictions.

Question: are there any alcohol rules to be followed at a casino?

Answer: Casinos, and vendors serving, selling or storing alcoholic beverages for a casino, are required to obtain a casino hotel alcoholic beverage (CHAB) license from the Division of Gaming Enforcement.

Explanation: Casinos, and vendors serving, selling or storing alcoholic beverages for a casino, are required to obtain a casino hotel alcoholic beverage (CHAB) license from the Division of Gaming Enforcement.

Alcohol laws of New Jersey [SEP] Casinos

Although casinos are not under the jurisdiction of the ABC, many of the regulations for casinos and casino vendors are similar to those for ABC class C retailer licensees. Casinos may generally only purchase alcoholic beverages from licensed wholesalers (i.e. ABC Class B licensees). A casino may have a brewpub on site, but production is limited to 3,000 barrels of beer per year, and the beer may only be distributed in open containers on casino floor and in hotel areas of the casino. Casinos may obtain a permit to have tastings, and tasting dinners. Non-profit organizations may obtain a permit to have a social event at a casino where they charge for alcoholic beverages.


Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: are there any alcohol rules to be followed at a casino?

Context: Casinos, and vendors serving, selling or storing alcoholic beverages for a casino, are required to obtain a casino hotel alcoholic beverage (CHAB) license from the Division of Gaming Enforcement.

Question: who were responsible in writing the alcohol laws for this state?

Answer: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Explanation: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Alcohol laws of New Jersey [SEP] Introduction

The state laws governing alcoholic drinks in New Jersey are among the most complex in the United States, with many peculiarities not found in other states' laws. They provide for 29 distinct liquor licenses granted to manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and for the public warehousing and transport of alcoholic drinks. General authority for the statutory and regulatory control of alcoholic drinks rests with the state government, particularly the Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control overseen by the state's Attorney General. Under home rule, New Jersey law grants individual municipalities substantial discretion in passing ordinances regulating the sale and consumption of alcoholic drinks within their limits.


Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: who were responsible in writing the alcohol laws for this state?

Context: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Question: can you share names of the its members?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Context: can you share names of the its members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: any places in this state where no alcohol is consumed?

Answer: South Jersey and Ocean City

Explanation: South Jersey

Alcohol laws of New Jersey [SEP] Dry towns

Some municipalities, particularly in South Jersey, are dry towns where no alcohol can be legally served or sold. Some of them are dry because of their origins as Quaker, Methodist, or other Protestant religious communities. For example, the seaside resort town of Ocean City has been dry since it was founded in 1879 by four Methodist clergymen. In recent years, several municipalities have questioned whether they ought to remain dry. Dry towns frequently have public referendums on whether they should remain dry or allow liquor sales in order to attract new businesses and increase property tax revenue. Dry towns in New Jersey cannot forbid the possession, consumption, or transportation of alcohol, but have the option to permit or prohibit BYOB at restaurants and social affair permits for non-profit organizations.


Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Context: can you share names of the its members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any places in this state where no alcohol is consumed?

Context: South Jersey and Ocean City

Question: what is the permissible age alcohol consumption?

Answer: A person must be at least 21 years old.

Explanation: A person must be at least 21 years old

Alcohol laws of New Jersey [SEP] Underage drinking laws

A person must be at least 21 years old in New Jersey to purchase alcoholic beverages in a retail establishment, or to possess or consume alcoholic beverages in a public (for example, a park or on the street) or semi-public area (e.g. restaurant, automobile). A person only needs to be 18 to own a liquor license, or to sell or serve alcohol (for example, a waiter). State law also prohibits an underage person from misrepresenting their age in a licensed establishment. It is illegal to serve alcohol to anyone under 21, encourage an underage person to drink, knowingly allow underage drinking on property that one owns or leases, or possess alcoholic beverages on public school property without written consent of the school board or school principal.


Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Context: can you share names of the its members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Jersey and Ocean City

Context: what is the permissible age alcohol consumption?

Context: A person must be at least 21 years old.

Question: any punishment if you are caught drinking below the permissible age?

Answer: If convicted the person is punishable by up to 6 months in jail (rarely imposed), a $500–$1000 fine, and a mandatory 6-month suspension of the person's driver's license.

Alcohol laws of New Jersey [SEP] Penalties for underage drinking

The state underage drinking statute is a disorderly persons offense (misdemeanor), which upon conviction is punishable by up to 6 months in jail (rarely imposed), a $500–$1000 fine, and a mandatory 6-month suspension of the person's driver's license. The penalties are the same for using fake identification. Those who unlawfully serve alcohol to an underage person, entice an underage person to drink, knowingly permit underage drinking on their property, or bring alcohol onto a public school property face similar sanctions, except that their driver's license will not be suspended. A licensed business which serves alcohol to a person under age 21, even unintentionally, may be fined or have their liquor license suspended or revoked.


Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Context: can you share names of the its members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Jersey and Ocean City

Context: A person must be at least 21 years old.

Context: any punishment if you are caught drinking below the permissible age?

Context: If convicted the person is punishable by up to 6 months in jail (rarely imposed), a $500–$1000 fine, and a mandatory 6-month suspension of the person's driver's license.

Question: what is the cost of a drinking permit?

Answer: Special permits are allowed to range in price from $10 to $2000, are limited to 25 days per year for a given premises, and currently there are 3 types of permits for non-licensees.

Alcohol laws of New Jersey [SEP] Liquor licenses and permits

New Jersey law provides for 29 distinct liquor licenses divided into the following five classes: Class A for manufacturers, Class B for wholesalers, Class C for retailers, Class D for transportation licenses, and Class E for public warehouses. State law allows the Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control to create temporary permits "to provide for contingencies where it would be appropriate and consonant with the spirit of this chapter to issue a license, but the contingency has not been expressly provided for." Special permits are allowed to range in price from $10 to $2000, are limited to 25 days per year for a given premises, and currently there are 3 types of permits for non-licensees.


Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Context: can you share names of the its members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Jersey and Ocean City

Context: A person must be at least 21 years old.

Context: what is the cost of a drinking permit?

Context: Special permits are allowed to range in price from $10 to $2000, are limited to 25 days per year for a given premises, and currently there are 3 types of permits for non-licensees.

Question: with regards to the first town mentioned above, did it face colonization?

Answer: Yes, by the Dutch, Swedes, British etc

Explanation: Dutch

South Jersey [SEP] Colonial period

Although the present-day territory of South Jersey was claimed by the Dutch in 1609, Dutch settlement remained nonexistent except for trading purposes. In 1638, New Sweden was established along the Delaware River. The Swedes established two permanent settlements in present-day South Jersey: Swedesboro and Bridgeport (formerly named New Stockholm). New Sweden was captured by the Dutch in 1655, and remained part of New Netherland until its cession to the British in 1667. During the British colonial period, nearly all of South Jersey was part of the Province of West Jersey, existing between 1674 and 1702 as a Quaker commonwealth. Burlington, the capital of West Jersey, was established in 1677, and Camden was established in 1681.


Context: where do i buy beer in new jersey

Context: Bars, restaurants, and liquor stores

Context: Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control

Context: can you share names of the its members?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Jersey and Ocean City

Context: A person must be at least 21 years old.

Context: what is the cost of a drinking permit?

Context: with regards to the first town mentioned above, did it face colonization?

Context: Yes, by the Dutch, Swedes, British etc

Question: and what is the weather here?

Answer: It has a humid subtropical climate.

Explanation: has a humid subtropical climate.

South Jersey [SEP] Climate

South Jersey has a humid subtropical climate. Compared to northern parts of New Jersey, South Jersey has slightly higher temperatures and receives less annual precipitation. Along the Jersey Shore, temperatures are moderated by sea breezes.


Question: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Answer: An American silent animated short film by cartoonist Winsor McCay.

The Sinking of the Lusitania [SEP] Introduction

The Sinking of the Lusitania (1918) is an American silent animated short film by cartoonist Winsor McCay. It is a work of propaganda re-creating the never-photographed 1915 sinking of the British liner RMS "Lusitania". At twelve minutes it has been called the longest work of animation at the time of its release. The film is the earliest surviving animated documentary and serious, dramatic work of animation. The National Film Registry selected it for preservation in 2017. In 1915, a German submarine torpedoed and sank the RMS "Lusitania"; 128 Americans were among the 1,198 dead. The event outraged McCay, but the newspapers of his employer William Randolph Hearst downplayed the event, as Hearst was opposed to the U.S.


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: An American silent animated short film by cartoonist Winsor McCay.

Question: what is the background of this film?

Answer: Inspired by the flip books his son brought home, McCay said he "came to see the possibility of making moving pictures" of his cartoons.

Explanation: Inspired by the flip books his son brought home, McCay said he "came to see the possibility of making moving pictures" of his cartoons.

The Sinking of the Lusitania [SEP] Background

His first animated film, "Little Nemo" (1911), was composed of four thousand drawings on rice paper. His next film, "How a Mosquito Operates" (1912), naturalistically shows a giant mosquito draw blood from a sleeping man until it burst. McCay followed this with a film that became an interactive part of his vaudeville shows: in "Gertie the Dinosaur" (1914), McCay commanded his animated dinosaur with a whip on stage. The British liner RMS "Lusitania" briefly held the record for largest passenger ship upon its completion in 1906. McCay displayed a fondness for it, and featured it in the episode for September 28, 1907, of his comic strip "Dream of the Rarebit Fiend", and again in the episode for November 10, 1908, of "A Pilgrim's Progress by Mister Bunion", where Bunion declares it "the monster boat that has smashed the record".


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: what is the background of this film?

Context: Inspired by the flip books his son brought home, McCay said he "came to see the possibility of making moving pictures" of his cartoons.

Question: what is the functionality of the aforementioned books?

Answer: A flip book or flick book is a booklet with a series of images that very gradually change from one page to the next, so that when the pages are viewed in quick succession, the images appear to animate by simulating motion or some other change.

Flip book [SEP] Introduction

A flip book or flick book is a booklet with a series of images that very gradually change from one page to the next, so that when the pages are viewed in quick succession, the images appear to animate by simulating motion or some other change. Often, flip books are illustrated books for children, but may also be geared toward adults and employ a series of photographs rather than drawings. Flip books are not always separate books, but may appear as an added feature in ordinary books or magazines, frequently, using the page corners. Software packages and websites are also available that convert digital video files into custom-made flip books.


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: what is the background of this film?

Context: what is the functionality of the aforementioned books?

Context: A flip book or flick book is a booklet with a series of images that very gradually change from one page to the next, so that when the pages are viewed in quick succession, the images appear to animate by simulating motion or some other change.

Question: what is the history behind it?

Answer: The oldest known documentation of the flip book appeared in September 1868, when it was patented by John Barnes Linnett under the name "kineograph"

Flip book [SEP] History and cultural uses

The oldest known documentation of the flip book appeared in September 1868, when it was patented by John Barnes Linnett under the name "kineograph" ("moving picture"). They were the first form of animation to employ a linear sequence of images rather than circular (as in the older phenakistoscope). The German film pioneer, Max Skladanowsky, first exhibited his serial photographic images in flip book form in 1894, as he and his brother Emil did not develop their own film projector until the following year. In 1894, Herman Casler invented a mechanized form of flip book called the Mutoscope, which mounted the pages on a central rotating cylinder rather than binding them in a book.


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: what is the background of this film?

Context: what is the history behind it?

Context: The oldest known documentation of the flip book appeared in September 1868, when it was patented by John Barnes Linnett under the name "kineograph"

Question: who is this aforementioned person?

Answer: An American cartoonist and animator

Winsor McCay [SEP] Introduction

Zenas Winsor McCay ( – July 26, 1934) was an American cartoonist and animator. He is best known for the comic strip "Little Nemo" (1905–14; 1924–26) and the animated film "Gertie the Dinosaur" (1914). For contractual reasons, he worked under the pen name Silas on the comic strip "Dream of the Rarebit Fiend". From a young age, McCay was a quick, prolific, and technically dextrous artist. He started his professional career making posters and performing for dime museums, and in 1898 began illustrating newspapers and magazines. In 1903 he joined the "New York Herald", where he created popular comic strips such as "Little Sammy Sneeze" and "Dream of the Rarebit Fiend".


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: what is the background of this film?

Context: what is the history behind it?

Context: who is this aforementioned person?

Context: An American cartoonist and animator

Question: what is the role of this last mentioned professional?

Answer: It is an artist who creates multiple images, known as frames, which give an illusion of movement called animation when displayed in rapid sequence.

Animator [SEP] Introduction

An animator is an artist who creates multiple images, known as frames, which give an illusion of movement called animation when displayed in rapid sequence. Animators can work in a variety of fields including film, television, and video games. Animation is closely related to filmmaking and like filmmaking is extremely labor-intensive, which means that most significant works require the collaboration of several animators. The methods of creating the images or frames for an animation piece depend on the animators' artistic styles and their field. Other artists who contribute to animated cartoons, but who are not animators, include layout artists (who design the backgrounds, lighting, and camera angles), storyboard artists (who draw panels of the action from the script), and background artists (who paint the "scenery").


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: what is the background of this film?

Context: what is the history behind it?

Context: who is this aforementioned person?

Context: An American cartoonist and animator

Context: what is the role of this last mentioned professional?

Context: It is an artist who creates multiple images, known as frames, which give an illusion of movement called animation when displayed in rapid sequence.

Question: how did this role evolve gradually?

Answer: As a result of the ongoing transition from traditional 2D to 3D computer animation, the animator's traditional task of redrawing and repainting the same character 24 times a second has now been superseded by the modern task of developing dozens of movements of different parts of a character in a virtual scene.

Animator [SEP] Evolution of animator's roles

As a result of the ongoing transition from traditional 2D to 3D computer animation, the animator's traditional task of redrawing and repainting the same character 24 times a second (for each second of finished animation) has now been superseded by the modern task of developing dozens (or hundreds) of movements of different parts of a character in a virtual scene. Because of the transition to computer animation, many additional support positions have become essential, with the result that the animator has become but one component of a very long and highly specialized production pipeline. Nowadays, visual development artists will design a character as a 2D drawing or painting, then hand it off to modelers who build the character as a collection of digital polygons.


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: what is the background of this film?

Context: what is the history behind it?

Context: who is this aforementioned person?

Context: An American cartoonist and animator

Context: how did this role evolve gradually?

Context: As a result of the ongoing transition from traditional 2D to 3D computer animation, the animator's traditional task of redrawing and repainting the same character 24 times a second has now been superseded by the modern task of developing dozens of movements of different parts of a character in a virtual scene.

Question: what is the role of the first mentioned professional?

Answer: A cartoonist is a visual artist who specializes in drawing cartoons or comics

Cartoonist [SEP] Introduction

A cartoonist (also comic strip creator, comic book artist, graphic novel artist, or comic book illustrator) is a visual artist who specializes in drawing cartoons (individual images) or comics (sequential images). Cartoonists include the artists who handle all aspects of the work and those who contribute only part of the production. Cartoonists may work in many formats, such as booklets, comic strips, comic books, editorial cartoons, graphic novels, manuals, gag cartoons, illustrations, storyboards, posters, shirts, books, advertisements, greeting cards, magazines, newspapers, and video game packaging.


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: what is the background of this film?

Context: what is the history behind it?

Context: who is this aforementioned person?

Context: An American cartoonist and animator

Context: how did this role evolve gradually?

Context: what is the role of the first mentioned professional?

Context: A cartoonist is a visual artist who specializes in drawing cartoons or comics

Question: how did it establish in the west?

Answer: The English satirist and editorial cartoonist William Hogarth, who emerged In the 18th century, has poked fun at contemporary politics and customs, and following the work of Hogarth, political cartoons began to develop in England in the latter part of the 18th century

Cartoonist [SEP] In the West

The English satirist and editorial cartoonist William Hogarth, who emerged In the 18th century, has poked fun at contemporary politics and customs; illustrations in such style are often referred to as "Hogarthian". Following the work of Hogarth, political cartoons began to develop in England in the latter part of the 18th century under the direction of its great exponents, James Gillray and Thomas Rowlandson, both from London. Gillray explored the use of the medium for lampooning and caricature, calling the king (George III), prime ministers and generals to account, and has been referred to as the father of the political cartoon.


Context: what is the sinking of the lusitania?

Context: what is the background of this film?

Context: what is the history behind it?

Context: who is this aforementioned person?

Context: An American cartoonist and animator

Context: how did this role evolve gradually?

Context: how did it establish in the west?

Context: The English satirist and editorial cartoonist William Hogarth, who emerged In the 18th century, has poked fun at contemporary politics and customs, and following the work of Hogarth, political cartoons began to develop in England in the latter part of the 18th century

Question: where was this person born?

Answer: Bartholomew Close in London

William Hogarth [SEP] Early life

William Hogarth was born at Bartholomew Close in London to Richard Hogarth, a poor Latin school teacher and textbook writer, and Anne Gibbons. In his youth he was apprenticed to the engraver Ellis Gamble in Leicester Fields, where he learned to engrave trade cards and similar products. Young Hogarth also took a lively interest in the street life of the metropolis and the London fairs, and amused himself by sketching the characters he saw. Around the same time, his father, who had opened an unsuccessful Latin-speaking coffee house at St John's Gate, was imprisoned for debt in the Fleet Prison for five years.


Question: who brought the third punic war to a successful conclusion

Answer: Scipio Aemilianus

Third Punic War [SEP] Introduction

Anti-Carthaginian factions in Rome used the illicit military action as a pretext to prepare a punitive expedition. Later in 149 BC a large Roman army landed at Utica in North Africa. The Carthaginians hoped to appease the Romans, but despite the Carthaginians surrendering all of their weapons, the Romans pressed on to besiege the city of Carthage. The Roman campaign suffered repeated setbacks through 149 BC, only alleviated by Scipio Aemilianus, a middle-ranking officer, distinguishing himself several times. A new Roman commander took over in 148 BC, and fared equally badly. At the annual election of Roman magistrates in early 147 BC the public support for Scipio was so great that the usual age restrictions were lifted to allow him to be appointed consul and commander in Africa.


Context: who brought the third punic war to a successful conclusion

Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Question: when did this war begin and end?

Answer: From 149 to 146 BC

Third Punic War [SEP] Introduction

The Third Punic War was the third and last of the Punic Wars fought between Carthage and Rome and lasted from 149 to 146 BC. The war was fought entirely within Carthaginian territory, in modern northern Tunisia. When the Second Punic War ended in 201 BC one of the terms of the peace treaty prohibited Carthage from waging war without Rome's permission. Rome's ally, King Masinissa of Numidia, exploited this to repeatedly raid and seize Carthaginian territory with impunity. In 149 BC Carthage sent an army, under Hasdrubal, against Masinissa, the treaty notwithstanding. The campaign ended in disaster as the Battle of Oroscopa ended with a Carthaginian defeat and the surrender of the Carthaginian army.


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Question: between which two civilizations this war was fought?

Answer: Carthage and Rome

Third Punic War [SEP] Introduction


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: between which two civilizations this war was fought?

Context: Carthage and Rome

Question: what was the reason for this war?

Answer: Scipio Africanus imposed a peace treaty on the Carthaginians which stripped them of their overseas territories, and some of their African ones. An indemnity of 10,000 silver talents was to be paid over 50 years.

Explanation: In the mid-2nd-century BC Rome was the dominant power in the Mediterranean region, while Carthage was a large city state in the north east of what is now modern Tunisia. The Carthaginians were referred to by the Romans by the Latin word (or ), and is a reference to Carthage's Phoenician origin. "Punic" derives from this usage. Carthage and Rome had fought the 23-year-long First Punic War from 264 to 241 BC and the 17-year-long Second Punic War between 218 and 201 BC. Both wars ended with Roman victories; the Second when the Roman general Scipio Africanus defeated Hannibal, the premier Carthaginian general of the war, at the Battle of Zama, south west of Carthage. Africanus imposed a peace treaty on the Carthaginians which stripped them of their overseas territories, and some of their African ones. An indemnity of 10,000 silver talents was to be paid over 50 years. Hostages were taken and Carthage was prohibited from waging war outside Africa, and in Africa only with Rome's express perm

Third Punic War [SEP] Background


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Scipio Africanus imposed a peace treaty on the Carthaginians which stripped them of their overseas territories, and some of their African ones. An indemnity of 10,000 silver talents was to be paid over 50 years.

Question: where is the civilization or the city latter mentioned located?

Answer: Italy

Rome [SEP] Introduction

Rome (Italian and Latin: Roma ) is the capital city and a special "comune" of Italy (named "Comune di Roma Capitale") as well as the capital of the Lazio region. The city has been a major human settlement for almost three millennia. With 2,860,009 residents in , it is also the country's most populated "comune". It is the third most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. It is the centre of the Metropolitan City of Rome, which has a population of 4,355,725 residents, thus making it the most populous metropolitan city in Italy. Its metropolitan area is the third-most populous within Italy.


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: where is the civilization or the city latter mentioned located?

Context: Italy

Question: how can you describe its local government?

Answer: It constitutes a comune "speciale", named "Roma Capitale", governed by a mayor and a city council.

Explanation: Rome constitutes a comune "speciale", named ""Roma Capitale"", and is the largest both in terms of land area and population among the 8,101 "comuni" of Italy. It is governed by a mayor and a city council. The seat of the "comune" is the "Palazzo Senatorio" on the Capitoline Hill, the historic seat of the city government. The local administration in Rome is commonly referred to as ""Campidoglio"", the Italian name of the hill.

Rome [SEP] Local government


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Italy

Context: how can you describe its local government?

Context: It constitutes a comune "speciale", named "Roma Capitale", governed by a mayor and a city council.

Question: which pilgrimage site does the city has?

Answer: Pilate's stairs, the "Scala Santa" and churches like San Luigi dei francesi and Santa Maria dell'Anima, to name a few.

Explanation: Pilgrimages to Rome can involve visits to many sites, both within Vatican City and in Italian territory. A popular stopping point is the Pilate's stairs: these are, according to the Christian tradition, the steps that led up to the praetorium of Pontius Pilate in Jerusalem, which Jesus Christ stood on during his Passion on his way to trial. The stairs were, reputedly, brought to Rome by Helena of Constantinople in the fourth century. For centuries, the "Scala Santa" has attracted Christian pilgrims who wished to honour the Passion of Jesus. Other objects of pilgrimage include several catacombs built in imperial times, in which Christians prayed, buried their dead and performed worship during periods of persecution, and various national churches (among them San Luigi dei francesi and Santa Maria dell'Anima), or churches associated with individual religious orders, such as the Jesuit Churches of Jesus and Sant'Ignazio.

Rome [SEP] Pilgrimage

Rome has been a major Christian pilgrimage site since the Middle Ages. People from all over the Christian world visit Vatican City, within the city of Rome, the seat of the papacy. The city became a major pilgrimage site during the Middle Ages. Apart from brief periods as an independent city during the Middle Ages, Rome kept its status as Papal capital and holy city for centuries, even when the Papacy briefly relocated to Avignon (1309–1377). Catholics believe that the Vatican is the last resting place of St. Peter. Pilgrimages to Rome can involve visits to many sites, both within Vatican City and in Italian territory.


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Italy

Context: which pilgrimage site does the city has?

Context: Pilate's stairs, the "Scala Santa" and churches like San Luigi dei francesi and Santa Maria dell'Anima, to name a few.

Question: which is the common dialect spoken there?

Answer: The Tuscan dialect and the Romanesco.

Rome [SEP] Language

Many educated Romans also spoke Greek, and there was a large Greek, Syriac and Jewish population in parts of Rome from well before the Empire. Latin evolved during the Middle Ages into a new language, the ""volgare"". The latter emerged as the confluence of various regional dialects, among which the Tuscan dialect predominated, but the population of Rome also developed its own dialect, the Romanesco. The "Romanesco" spoken during the Middle Ages was more like a southern Italian dialect, very close to the Neapolitan language in Campania. The influence of the Florentine culture during the renaissance, and above all, the immigration to Rome of many Florentines following the two Medici Popes (Leo X and Clement VII), caused a major shift in the dialect, which began to resemble more the Tuscan varieties.


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Italy

Context: which is the common dialect spoken there?

Context: The Tuscan dialect and the Romanesco.

Question: can you mention some ancient monuments of this place?

Answer: The Colosseum, the Roman Forum, the Domus Aurea etc.

Explanation: One of the symbols of Rome is the Colosseum (70–80 AD), the largest amphitheatre ever built in the Roman Empire. Originally capable of seating 60,000 spectators, it was used for gladiatorial combat. Important monuments and sites of ancient Rome include the Roman Forum, the Domus Aurea, the Pantheon, Trajan's Column, Trajan's Market, the Catacombs, the Circus Maximus, the Baths of Caracalla, Castel Sant'Angelo, the Mausoleum of Augustus, the Ara Pacis, the Arch of Constantine, the Pyramid of Cestius, and the Bocca della Verità.

Rome [SEP] Ancient Rome


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Italy

Context: The Tuscan dialect and the Romanesco.

Context: can you mention some ancient monuments of this place?

Context: The Colosseum, the Roman Forum, the Domus Aurea etc.

Question: when was this first ancient monument built?

Answer: Began in  AD 72 and was completed in AD 80.

Colosseum [SEP] Introduction

The Colosseum ( ), also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre (; or "Colosseo" ), is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy. Built of travertine limestone, tuff (volcanic rock), and brick-faced concrete, it was the largest amphitheatre ever built at the time and held 50,000 to 80,000 spectators. The Colosseum is just east of the Roman Forum. Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in AD 72 and was completed in AD 80 under his successor and heir, Titus. Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian (81–96). These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty, and the amphitheatre was named in Latin for its association with their family name "(Flavius)".


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Italy

Context: The Tuscan dialect and the Romanesco.

Context: when was this first ancient monument built?

Context: Began in  AD 72 and was completed in AD 80.

Question: what was this used for?

Answer: gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles,  animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Roman mythology.

Colosseum [SEP] Introduction

The Colosseum could hold an estimated 50,000 to 80,000 spectators at various points of its history over the centuries, having an average audience of some 65,000; it was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles (for only a short time as the hypogeum was soon filled in with mechanisms to support the other activities), animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Roman mythology. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. It was later reused for such purposes as housing, workshops, quarters for a religious order, a fortress, a quarry, and a Christian shrine.


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Italy

Context: The Tuscan dialect and the Romanesco.

Context: what was this used for?

Context: gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles,  animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Roman mythology.

Question: does it have any significance on any religion?

Answer: It is generally regarded by Christians as a site of the martyrdom of large numbers of believers during the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire.

Colosseum [SEP] Significance in Christianity

The Colosseum is generally regarded by Christians as a site of the martyrdom of large numbers of believers during the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire, as evidenced by Church history and tradition. On the other hand, other scholars believe that the majority of martyrdoms may have occurred at other venues within the city of Rome, rather than at the Colosseum, citing a lack of still-intact physical evidence or historical records. These scholars assert that "some Christians were executed as common criminals in the Colosseum—their crime being refusal to reverence the Roman gods", but most Christian martyrs of the early Church were executed for their faith at the Circus Maximus.


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Italy

Context: The Tuscan dialect and the Romanesco.

Context: what was this used for?

Context: does it have any significance on any religion?

Context: It is generally regarded by Christians as a site of the martyrdom of large numbers of believers during the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire.

Question: under which emperor its construction begun?

Answer: Vespasian

Colosseum [SEP] Construction, inauguration, and Roman renovations

Along with this free source of unskilled labor, teams of professional Roman builders, engineers, artists, painters and decorators undertook the more specialized tasks necessary for building the Colosseum. The Colosseum was constructed with several different materials: wood, limestone, tuff, tiles, cement, and mortar. Construction of the Colosseum began under the rule of Vespasian in around 70–72 AD (73–75 AD according to some sources). The Colosseum had been completed up to the third story by the time of Vespasian's death in 79. The top level was finished by his son, Titus, in 80, and the inaugural games were held in 80 or 81 AD.


Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Italy

Context: The Tuscan dialect and the Romanesco.

Context: what was this used for?

Context: under which emperor its construction begun?

Context: Vespasian

Question: can you provide some details about him?

Answer: He was Roman emperor from 69 to 79, founded the Flavian dynasty that ruled the Empire for 27 years

Explanation: Vespasian (; ; 17 November AD 9 – 24 June 79) was Roman emperor from 69 to 79. The fourth and last in the Year of the Four Emperors, he founded the Flavian dynasty that ruled the Empire for 27 years.

Vespasian [SEP] Introduction

While Vespasian besieged Jerusalem during the Jewish rebellion, emperor Nero committed suicide and plunged Rome into a year of civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors. After Galba and Otho perished in quick succession, Vitellius became emperor in April 69. The Roman legions of Roman Egypt and Judaea reacted by declaring Vespasian, their commander, emperor on 1 July 69. In his bid for imperial power, Vespasian joined forces with Mucianus, the governor of Syria, and Primus, a general in Pannonia, leaving his son Titus to command the besieging forces at Jerusalem. Primus and Mucianus led the Flavian forces against Vitellius, while Vespasian took control of Egypt.


Context: who brought the third punic war to a successful conclusion

Context: Scipio Aemilianus

Context: when did this war begin and end?

Context: From 149 to 146 BC

Context: between which two civilizations this war was fought?

Context: Carthage and Rome

Context: what was the reason for this war?

Context: Scipio Africanus imposed a peace treaty on the Carthaginians which stripped them of their overseas territories, and some of their African ones. An indemnity of 10,000 silver talents was to be paid over 50 years.

Context: where is the civilization or the city latter mentioned located?

Context: Italy

Context: how can you describe its local government?

Context: It constitutes a comune "speciale", named "Roma Capitale", governed by a mayor and a city council.

Context: which pilgrimage site does the city has?

Context: Pilate's stairs, the "Scala Santa" and churches like San Luigi dei francesi and Santa Maria dell'Anima, to name a few.

Context: which is the common dialect spoken there?

Context: The Tuscan dialect and the Romanesco.

Context: can you mention some ancient monuments of this place?

Context: The Colosseum, the Roman Forum, the Domus Aurea etc.

Context: when was this first ancient monument built?

Context: Began in  AD 72 and was completed in AD 80.

Context: what was this used for?

Context: gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles,  animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Roman mythology.

Context: does it have any significance on any religion?

Context: It is generally regarded by Christians as a site of the martyrdom of large numbers of believers during the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire.

Context: under which emperor its construction begun?

Context: Vespasian

Context: can you provide some details about him?

Context: He was Roman emperor from 69 to 79, founded the Flavian dynasty that ruled the Empire for 27 years

Question: what was the reason for his death?

Answer: Severe diarrhea

Explanation:
In his ninth consulship Vespasian had a slight illness in Campania and, returning at once to Rome, he left for Aquae Cutiliae and the country around Reate, where he spent every summer; however, his illness worsened and he developed severe diarrhea.

Feeling death coming on, he reportedly called out "Vae, puto deus fio." ("Dear me, I think I'm becoming a god"). Then, according to Suetonius' "The Twelve Caesars":

Vespasian [SEP] Death (79)


Question: when did the subway open in new york

Answer: 1904

New York City Subway [SEP] Introduction

The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the state-run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). Opened in 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest public transit systems, one of the most-used, and the one with the most stations. The New York City Subway is the largest rapid transit system in the world by number of stations, with stations in operation ( if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). Stations are located throughout the boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Question: name some of the stations ?

Answer: : Stations are located throughout the boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx

Explanation: Stations are located throughout the boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx.

New York City Subway [SEP] Introduction

These lines have three or four tracks. Normally, the outer two are used by local trains, while the inner one or two are used by express trains. Stations served by express trains are typically major transfer points or destinations.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: : Stations are located throughout the boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and the Bronx

Question: what are the fares ?

Answer: The base fare is $2.75 when purchased in the form of a reusable "pay per ride" MetroCard, with the last fare increase occurring on March 22, 2015.Single-use cards may be purchased for $3.00, and 7-day and 30-day unlimited ride cards can lower the effective per-ride fare significantly

Explanation: The base fare is $2.75 when purchased in the form of a reusable "pay per ride" MetroCard, with the last fare increase occurring on March 22, 2015. Single-use cards may be purchased for $3.00, and 7-day and 30-day unlimited ride cards can lower the effective per-ride fare significantly.

New York City Subway [SEP] Fares

Single-use cards may be purchased for $3.00, and 7-day and 30-day unlimited ride cards can lower the effective per-ride fare significantly. Reduced fares are available for the elderly and people with disabilities. Fares paid with OMNY are identical to those paid with a pay-per-ride MetroCard; there are no options for single-ride or unlimited OMNY payments . Fares were stored in a money room at 370 Jay Street in Downtown Brooklyn starting in 1951, when the building opened as a headquarters for the New York City Board of Transportation. The building is close to the lines of all three subway divisions (the IRT, BMT, and IND) and thus was a convenient location to collect fares, including tokens and cash, via money trains.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: The base fare is $2.75 when purchased in the form of a reusable "pay per ride" MetroCard, with the last fare increase occurring on March 22, 2015.Single-use cards may be purchased for $3.00, and 7-day and 30-day unlimited ride cards can lower the effective per-ride fare significantly

Question: when was it established ?

Answer: October 27, 1904

New York City Subway [SEP] History

The first underground line of the subway opened on October 27, 1904, almost 36 years after the opening of the first elevated line in New York City (which became the IRT Ninth Avenue Line). The subway line, then called the "Manhattan Main Line", ran from City Hall station northward under Lafayette Street (then named Elm Street) and Park Avenue (then named Fourth Avenue) before turning westward at 42nd Street. It then curved northward again at Times Square, continuing under Broadway before terminating at 145th Street station in Harlem. Its operation was leased to the Interborough Rapid Transit Company and over 150,000 passengers paid the 5¢ fare to ride it on the first day of operation.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Question: any crimes committed here ?

Answer: Yes, , the Citizens Crime Commission of New York City published a study showing riders abandoning the subway, fearing the frequent robberies and generally bad circumstances.

New York City Subway [SEP] Crime

Crime rates have varied, but a downward trend has been observed starting in the 1990s up until 2014. In order to fight crime, various approaches have been used over the years, including an "If You See Something, Say Something" campaign and, starting in 2016, banning people who commit a crime in the subway system from entering the system for a certain length of time. In July 1985, the Citizens Crime Commission of New York City published a study showing riders abandoning the subway, fearing the frequent robberies and generally bad circumstances. To counter these developments, a policy that was rooted in the late 1980s and early 1990s was implemented.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: Yes, , the Citizens Crime Commission of New York City published a study showing riders abandoning the subway, fearing the frequent robberies and generally bad circumstances.

Question: have they been any accidents ?

Answer: Yes, despite the signal system, there have been at least 64 major train accidents since 1918

New York City Subway [SEP] Train accidents

Despite the signal system, there have been at least 64 major train accidents since 1918, when a train bound for South Ferry smashed into two trains halted near Jackson Avenue on the IRT White Plains Road Line in the Bronx. Several accidents resulted when the train operator ran through red signals and rear-ended the subway train in front of it; this resulted from the signaling practice of "keying by", which allowed train operators to bypass red signals. The deadliest accident, the Malbone Street Wreck, occurred on November 1, 1918 beneath the intersection of Flatbush Avenue, Ocean Avenue, and Malbone Street (the latter of which is now Empire Boulevard) near the Prospect Park station of the then-BRT Brighton Line in Brooklyn, killing 93 people.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: Yes, despite the signal system, there have been at least 64 major train accidents since 1918

Question: have there been any suicides ?

Answer: Yes, between  1990 and 2003, 343 subway-related suicides were registered out of a citywide total of 7,394 (4.6%) and subway-related suicides increased by 30%, despite a decline in overall suicide numbers

Explanation: Between 1990 and 2003, 343 subway-related suicides were registered out of a citywide total of 7,394 (4.6%) and subway-related suicides increased by 30%, despite a decline in overall suicide numbers.

New York City Subway [SEP] Track safety and suicides

Following a series of incidents during a week in November 2016, in which three people were injured or killed after being pushed onto the tracks, the MTA started to consider installing platform edge doors for the 42nd Street Shuttle. Numerous challenges come with platform doors. Some subway lines operate multiple subway car models, and their doors do not line up. Many platforms are not strong enough to hold the additional weight of a platform barrier, thus requiring extensive renovations if they were to be installed.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: Yes, between  1990 and 2003, 343 subway-related suicides were registered out of a citywide total of 7,394 (4.6%) and subway-related suicides increased by 30%, despite a decline in overall suicide numbers

Question: talk about the entertainments that take place ?

Answer: The subway is a popular venue for busking

New York City Subway [SEP] Entertainment

The subway is a popular venue for busking. A permit is not required to perform, but certain codes of conduct are required. Some buskers are affiliated with Music Under New York (MUNY), a part of the Arts & Design program by the MTA. Since 1987, MTA has sponsored the MUNY program in which street musicians enter a competitive contest to be assigned to the preferred high traffic locations. Each year, applications are reviewed and approximately 70 eligible performers are selected and contacted to participate in live auditions held for one day.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: talk about the entertainments that take place ?

Context: The subway is a popular venue for busking

Question: does it have any kind of card used to travel by it ?

Answer: MetroCard

New York City Subway [SEP] MetroCard

In November 1993, a fare system called the MetroCard was introduced, which allows riders to use magnetic stripe cards that store the value equal to the amount paid to a subway station booth clerk or vending machine. The MetroCard was enhanced in 1997 to allow passengers to make free transfers between subways and buses within two hours; several MetroCard-only transfers between subway stations were added in 2001. With the addition of unlimited-ride MetroCards in 1998, the New York City Transit system was the last major transit system in the United States with the exception of BART in San Francisco to introduce passes for unlimited bus and rapid transit travel.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: does it have any kind of card used to travel by it ?

Context: MetroCard

Question: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Answer: Yes, service on the subway system is occasionally disrupted by flooding from rainstorms, even minor ones

Explanation: Service on the subway system is occasionally disrupted by flooding from rainstorms, even minor ones. Rainwater can disrupt signals underground and require the electrified third rail to be shut off. Every day, the MTA moves 13 million gallons of water when it is not raining. Since 1992, $357 million has been used to improve 269 pump rooms. By August 2007, $115 million was earmarked to upgrade the remaining 18 pump rooms.

New York City Subway [SEP] Subway flooding

This was the third incident in 2007 in which rain disrupted service. The system was disrupted on this occasion because the pumps and drainage system can handle only a rainfall rate of per hour; the incident's severity was aggravated by the scant warning as to the severity of the storm. In addition, as part of a $130 million and an estimated 18-month project, the MTA began installing new subway grates in September 2008 in an attempt to prevent rain from overflowing into the subway system. The metallic structures, designed with the help of architectural firms and meant as a piece of public art, are placed atop existing grates but with a sleeve to prevent debris and rain from flooding the subway.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: MetroCard

Context: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Context: Yes, service on the subway system is occasionally disrupted by flooding from rainstorms, even minor ones

Question: has it been closed anytime ?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Service on the subway system is occasionally disrupted by flooding from rainstorms, even minor ones. Rainwater can disrupt signals underground and require the electrified third rail to be shut off. Every day, the MTA moves 13 million gallons of water when it is not raining. Since 1992, $357 million has been used to improve 269 pump rooms. By August 2007, $115 million was earmarked to upgrade the remaining 18 pump rooms. Despite these improvements, the transit system continues to experience flooding problems. On August 8, 2007, after more than of rain fell within an hour, the subway system flooded, causing almost every subway service to either be disabled or seriously disrupted, effectively halting the morning rush.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: MetroCard

Context: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Context: has it been closed anytime ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: in which city is it located ?

Answer: New York

Explanation: The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York

New York City Subway [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: MetroCard

Context: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Context: has it been closed anytime ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: in which city is it located ?

Context: New York

Question: name some parks located here ?

Answer: Pelham Bay Park

New York City [SEP] City parks

New York City has over of municipal parkland and of public beaches. The largest municipal park in the city is Pelham Bay Park in the Bronx, with .


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: MetroCard

Context: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Context: has it been closed anytime ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: in which city is it located ?

Context: New York

Context: name some parks located here ?

Context: Pelham Bay Park

Question: name some of the cities tourist places ?

Answer: Times Square; Broadway theater productions; the Empire State Building; the Statue of Liberty; Ellis Island; the United Nations Headquarters; museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art

Explanation: Major tourist destinations include Times Square; Broadway theater productions; the Empire State Building; the Statue of Liberty; Ellis Island; the United Nations Headquarters; museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art; greenspaces such as Central Park and Washington Square Park; Rockefeller Center; the Manhattan Chinatown; luxury shopping along Fifth and Madison Avenues; and events such as the Halloween Parade in Greenwich Village; the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade; the lighting of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree; the St. Patrick's Day parade; seasonal activities such as ice skating in Central Park in the wintertime; the Tribeca Film Festival; and free performances in Central Park at Summerstage.

New York City [SEP] Tourism

Patrick's Day parade; seasonal activities such as ice skating in Central Park in the wintertime; the Tribeca Film Festival; and free performances in Central Park at Summerstage. Major attractions in the boroughs outside Manhattan include Flushing Meadows-Corona Park and the Unisphere in Queens; the Bronx Zoo; Coney Island, Brooklyn; and the New York Botanical Garden in the Bronx. The New York Wheel, a 630-foot ferris wheel, was under construction at the northern shore of Staten Island in 2015, overlooking the Statue of Liberty, New York Harbor, and the Lower Manhattan skyline. Manhattan was on track to have an estimated 90,000 hotel rooms at the end of 2014, a 10% increase from 2013.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: MetroCard

Context: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Context: has it been closed anytime ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: in which city is it located ?

Context: New York

Context: name some parks located here ?

Context: Pelham Bay Park

Context: name some of the cities tourist places ?

Context: Times Square; Broadway theater productions; the Empire State Building; the Statue of Liberty; Ellis Island; the United Nations Headquarters; museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art

Question: how is the climate here ?

Answer: Humid subtropical climate

New York City [SEP] Climate

Under the Köppen climate classification, using the isotherm, New York City features a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), and is thus the northernmost major city on the North American continent with this categorization. The suburbs to the immediate north and west lie in the transitional zone between humid subtropical and humid continental climates (Dfa). By the Trewartha classification, the city is defined as having an oceanic climate (Do). Annually, the city averages 234 days with at least some sunshine. The city lies in the USDA 7b plant hardiness zone. Winters are chilly and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow sea breezes offshore temper the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachian Mountains keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: MetroCard

Context: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Context: has it been closed anytime ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: in which city is it located ?

Context: New York

Context: name some parks located here ?

Context: Pelham Bay Park

Context: how is the climate here ?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Question: any military installations ?

Answer: Yes, U.S. military

New York City [SEP] Military installations

Brooklyn is home to Fort Hamilton, the U.S. military's only active duty installation within New York City, aside from Coast Guard operations. The facility was established in 1825 on the site of a small battery utilized during the American Revolution, and it is one of America's longest serving military forts. Today Fort Hamilton serves as the headquarters of the North Atlantic Division of the United States Army Corps of Engineers and for the New York City Recruiting Battalion. It also houses the 1179th Transportation Brigade, the 722nd Aeromedical Staging Squadron, and a military entrance processing station. Other formerly active military reservations still utilized for National Guard and military training or reserve operations in the city include Fort Wadsworth in Staten Island and Fort Totten in Queens.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: MetroCard

Context: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Context: has it been closed anytime ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: in which city is it located ?

Context: New York

Context: name some parks located here ?

Context: Pelham Bay Park

Context: how is the climate here ?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: any military installations ?

Context: Yes, U.S. military

Question: what religions are followed here ?

Answer: Fourteen religions , Christianity is the largest religion as of 2014

New York City [SEP] Religion

The New York area is the 14th-most religious metropolis in the United States. Largely a result of Western European missionary work and colonialism, Christianity is the largest religion as of 2014. Roman Catholicism is the largest Christian denomination (33%), followed by Protestantism (23%), and other Christians (3%). The Roman Catholic population are primarily served by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York. Eastern Catholics are divided into numerous jurisdictions throughout the city. Evangelical Protestantism is the largest branch of Protestantism in the city (9%), followed by Mainline Protestantism (8%), while the converse is usually true for other cities and metropolitan areas.


Context: when did the subway open in new york

Context: name some of the stations ?

Context: what are the fares ?

Context: when was it established ?

Context: October 27, 1904

Context: any crimes committed here ?

Context: have they been any accidents ?

Context: have there been any suicides ?

Context: MetroCard

Context: have there been any kind of flooding ?

Context: has it been closed anytime ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: in which city is it located ?

Context: New York

Context: name some parks located here ?

Context: Pelham Bay Park

Context: how is the climate here ?

Context: Humid subtropical climate

Context: any military installations ?

Context: Yes, U.S. military

Context: what religions are followed here ?

Context: Fourteen religions , Christianity is the largest religion as of 2014

Question: what is wall street ?

Answer: New York City's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry

New York City [SEP] Wall Street

New York City's most important economic sector lies in its role as the headquarters for the U.S. financial industry, metonymously known as "Wall Street". The city's securities industry, enumerating 163,400 jobs in August 2013, continues to form the largest segment of the city's financial sector and an important economic engine, accounting in 2012 for 5.0 percent of the city's private sector jobs, 8.5 percent ($3.8 billion) of its tax revenue, and 22 percent of the city's total wages, including an average salary of $360,700. Many large financial companies are headquartered in New York City, and the city is also home to a burgeoning number of financial startup companies.


Question: when was the song fade recorded?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Fade (Kanye West song) [SEP] Introduction

"Fade" is a song by American rapper Kanye West, featuring vocals from American singer Ty Dolla Sign and American artist Post Malone. It was released for digital download as the third and final single from West's seventh studio album, "The Life of Pablo" (2016), on September 9, 2016. The song was sent to US radio stations 11 days later. The Tidal-exclusive music video premiered at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards and won Best Choreography at the 2017 MTV Video Music Awards. The song peaked at number 47 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100.


Context:
when was the song fade recorded?
UNANSWERABLE

Question: which album does it belong to?

Answer: "The Life of Pablo"

Explanation: It was released for digital download as the third and final single from West's seventh studio album, "The Life of Pablo" (2016),


Context:
when was the song fade recorded?
UNANSWERABLE
which album does it belong to?
"The Life of Pablo"

Question: when was it released?

Answer: September 9, 2016

Explanation: It was released for digital download as the third and final single from West's seventh studio album, "The Life of Pablo" (2016), on September 9, 2016.


Context:
when was the song fade recorded?
UNANSWERABLE
which album does it belong to?
"The Life of Pablo"
when was it released?
September 9, 2016

Question: what style of music was followed in it?

Answer: It was said to have a "raw, occasionally even intentionally messy, composition".

The Life of Pablo [SEP] Musical style

"The Life of Pablo" was noted by Madison Vain from "Entertainment Weekly" for its "raw, occasionally even intentionally messy, composition" in distinction to West's previous albums. In comparison to his pre-"Yeezus" work, Robert Yaniz Jr of Cheat Sheet viewed the album as what sees West taking on a sound that is not as accessible and "more self-indulgent." "Rolling Stone"s Rob Sheffield wrote that "The Life of Pablo" sounds messy, though expressed the feeling that the sound is purposeful to follow on from "the laser-sharp intensity of "Yeezus"," stating that the album is "designed to sound like a work in progress." Carl Wilson of "Slate" suggested that with the given context of the sonic landscaping throughout "The Life of Pablo", the point is that "in West's kamikaze, mood-swinging way, "Pablo" now seems undeniably (not half-assedly, as I'd been about to conclude) like an album of struggle," noting the strange connections that it created "between Kanye's many iterations—soul-sample enthusiast, heartbroken Auto-Tune crooner, hedonistic avant-pop composer, industrial-rap shit-talker" while making use of bass and percussion lines "that are only the tail-end decay of some lost starting place, some vanished rhythmic Eden." Writing for "The Daily Telegraph", Neil McCormick claimed that the album sounds like abstract hip hop work and noted the somewhat disjointed sound.


Context: when was the song fade recorded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which album does it belong to?

Context: "The Life of Pablo"

Context: when was it released?

Context: September 9, 2016

Context: what style of music was followed in it?

Context: It was said to have a "raw, occasionally even intentionally messy, composition".

Question: who was the writer?

Answer: Kanye West

The Life of Pablo [SEP] Introduction

The Life of Pablo is the seventh studio album by American rapper and producer Kanye West. It was released on February 14, 2016, through GOOD Music and distributed by Def Jam Recordings. Recording sessions took place from 2013 to 2016, in Italy, Mexico, Canada, and the United States. Production was handled by West and a variety of other producers, including co-executive producers Rick Rubin and Noah Goldstein. West also enlisted guest vocals for the album, including Chance the Rapper, Kid Cudi, Desiigner, Rihanna, The Weeknd, Ty Dolla Sign, Post Malone, Kendrick Lamar, Sia, Vic Mensa and Young Thug. The release of "The Life of Pablo" was preceded by several promotional singles, including the tracks "Real Friends" and "No More Parties in LA".


Context: when was the song fade recorded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which album does it belong to?

Context: "The Life of Pablo"

Context: when was it released?

Context: September 9, 2016

Context: what style of music was followed in it?

Context: who was the writer?

Context: Kanye West

Question: was there any lawsuit filed against it?

Answer: Yes, on behalf of California resident Justin Baker-Rhett, with accusations of false advertising.

The Life of Pablo [SEP] Lawsuit

The release on to other streaming platforms along with West's claims that the album would remain as a Tidal "exclusive" caused a lawsuit to be filed on April 18, 2016 by law firm Edelson PC. It was filed against West and Jay-Z, the latter of which was involved due to being the owner of Tidal, with the two of them being sued for $5 million. The lawsuit was filed on behalf of California resident Justin Baker-Rhett, with accusations of false advertising. Seeking class-action status was the level of the lawsuit, which claimed that Tidal and West never intended to have the album as a Tidal limited exclusive forever, but decided to say so in an attempt to boost Tidal's struggling subscriber growth; the subscriber numbers tripled at the time.


Context: when was the song fade recorded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which album does it belong to?

Context: "The Life of Pablo"

Context: when was it released?

Context: September 9, 2016

Context: what style of music was followed in it?

Context: who was the writer?

Context: Kanye West

Context: was there any lawsuit filed against it?

Context: Yes, on behalf of California resident Justin Baker-Rhett, with accusations of false advertising.

Question: when was it done?

Answer: April 18, 2016

Explanation: The release on to other streaming platforms along with West's claims that the album would remain as a Tidal "exclusive" caused a lawsuit to be filed on April 18, 2016 by law firm Edelson PC.

The Life of Pablo [SEP] Lawsuit


Context: when was the song fade recorded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which album does it belong to?

Context: "The Life of Pablo"

Context: when was it released?

Context: September 9, 2016

Context: what style of music was followed in it?

Context: who was the writer?

Context: Kanye West

Context: was there any lawsuit filed against it?

Context: when was it done?

Context: April 18, 2016

Question: was this the writer's first album?

Answer: No, "The College Dropout" was his debut album.

Kanye West [SEP] Introduction

Kanye Omari West (; born June 8, 1977) is an American rapper, record producer, and fashion designer. Throughout his career, West has been responsible for cultural movements and musical progressions within mainstream hip-hop and popular music at large. Born in Atlanta and raised in Chicago, he was first known as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records in the early 2000s, producing singles for several mainstream artists. Intent on pursuing a solo career as a rapper, West released his debut album "The College Dropout" in 2004 to critical and commercial success, and founded the record label GOOD Music. West experimented with a variety of musical genres on subsequent acclaimed studio albums, including "Late Registration" (2005), "Graduation" (2007), and "808s & Heartbreak" (2008).


Context: when was the song fade recorded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which album does it belong to?

Context: "The Life of Pablo"

Context: when was it released?

Context: September 9, 2016

Context: what style of music was followed in it?

Context: who was the writer?

Context: Kanye West

Context: was there any lawsuit filed against it?

Context: when was it done?

Context: April 18, 2016

Context: was this the writer's first album?

Context: No, "The College Dropout" was his debut album.

Question: what was his role in it?

Answer: He wrote and produced it.

The College Dropout [SEP] Introduction

The College Dropout is the debut studio album by American rapper and producer Kanye West. It was released on February 10, 2004, by Def Jam Recordings and Roc-A-Fella Records. In the years leading up to release, West had received praise for his production work for rappers such as Jay-Z and Talib Kweli, but faced difficulty being accepted as an artist in his own right by figures in the music industry. Intent on pursuing a solo career, he signed a record deal with Roc-A-Fella and recorded the album over a period of four years, beginning in 1999. The production of "The College Dropout" was primarily handled by West and developed his "chipmunk soul" production style, which made use of sped-up, pitch shifted vocal samples from soul and R&B records, in addition to West's own drum programming, string accompaniments, and gospel choirs; the album also features contributions from Jay-Z, Mos Def, Jamie Foxx, Syleena Johnson, and Ludacris, among others.


Context: when was the song fade recorded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which album does it belong to?

Context: "The Life of Pablo"

Context: when was it released?

Context: September 9, 2016

Context: what style of music was followed in it?

Context: who was the writer?

Context: Kanye West

Context: was there any lawsuit filed against it?

Context: when was it done?

Context: April 18, 2016

Context: was this the writer's first album?

Context: what was his role in it?

Context: He wrote and produced it.

Question: was he into film making?

Answer: Yes, he has made the film "Runaway".

Kanye West [SEP] Acting and filmmaking

West made cameo appearances as himself in the films "State Property 2" (2005) and "The Love Guru" (2008), and in an episode of the television show "Entourage" in 2007. West provided the voice for "Kenny West", a rapper, in the animated sitcom "The Cleveland Show". In 2009, he starred in the Spike Jonze-directed short film "We Were Once a Fairytale" (2009), playing himself acting belligerently while drunk in a nightclub. West wrote, directed, and starred in the musical short film "Runaway" (2010), which heavily features music from "My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy". The film depicts a relationship between a man, played by West, and a half-woman, half-phoenix creature.


Context: when was the song fade recorded?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which album does it belong to?

Context: "The Life of Pablo"

Context: when was it released?

Context: September 9, 2016

Context: what style of music was followed in it?

Context: who was the writer?

Context: Kanye West

Context: was there any lawsuit filed against it?

Context: when was it done?

Context: April 18, 2016

Context: was this the writer's first album?

Context: what was his role in it?

Context: He wrote and produced it.

Context: was he into film making?

Context: Yes, he has made the film "Runaway".

Question: has he received any award?

Answer: Yes, he has received several, including a Webby Award for Artist of the Year, and International Man of the Year at the "GQ Awards".

Kanye West [SEP] Awards and achievements

West has won a variety of awards. These include: a Webby Award for Artist of the Year, an Accessories Council Excellence Award for being a stylemaker, International Man of the Year at the "GQ Awards", a Clio Award for "The Life of Pablo Album" Experience, and an honour by The Recording Academy. West is one of eight acts to have won the Billboard Artist Achievement Award. He has won the Brit Award for Best International Male Solo Artist a joint-record three times, in addition to being one of three artists to have won the award in consecutive years. In 2011, he became the first artist to win Best Male Hip-Hop Artist at the BET Awards three times, he is the male artist with the most wins for Video of the Year at the ceremony, and the only person to have been awarded the Visionary Award at The BET Honors.


Question: when do they leave the farm walking dead

Answer: in the 13th and final episode of the second season

Beside the Dying Fire [SEP] Introduction

"Beside the Dying Fire" is the 13th and final episode of the second season of the postapocalyptic horror television series "The Walking Dead", which aired on AMC on March 18, 2012. The episode was written by creator Robert Kirkman and showrunner Glen Mazzara, and directed by series regular Ernest Dickerson. In the episode, a huge horde of walkers invades the Greene farm, chasing Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) and Hershel's groups off the premises. Meanwhile, Andrea (Laurie Holden) is separated from the group, leaving her to fight off the same walkers that attacked Hershel's farm. Themes such as romance, death, and survival are prevalent throughout "Beside the Dying Fire".


Context: when do they leave the farm walking dead

Context: in the 13th and final episode of the second season

Question: what is beside the dying fire?

Answer: It is the 13th and final episode of the second season of the postapocalyptic horror television series "The Walking Dead",

Explanation: "Beside the Dying Fire" is the 13th and final episode of the second season of the postapocalyptic horror television series "The Walking Dead", which aired on AMC on March 18, 2012. The episode was written by cre


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: It is the 13th and final episode of the second season of the postapocalyptic horror television series "The Walking Dead",

Question: what is it's storyline?

Answer: In this episode a huge horde of walkers invades the Greene farm, chasing Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) and Hershel's groups off the premises. Meanwhile, Andrea (Laurie Holden) is separated from the group, leaving her to fight off the same walkers that attacked Hershel's farm.

Explanation: Beside the Dying Fire" is the 13th and final episode of the second season of the postapocalyptic horror television series "The Walking Dead", which aired on AMC on March 18, 2012. The episode was written by creator Robert Kirkman and showrunner Glen Mazzara, and directed by series regular Ernest Dickerson. In the episode, a huge horde of walkers invades the Greene farm, chasing Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) and Hershel's groups off the premises. Meanwhile, Andrea (Laurie Holden) is separated from the group, leaving her to fight off the same walkers that attacked Hershel's farm.


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: In this episode a huge horde of walkers invades the Greene farm, chasing Rick Grimes (Andrew Lincoln) and Hershel's groups off the premises. Meanwhile, Andrea (Laurie Holden) is separated from the group, leaving her to fight off the same walkers that attacked Hershel's farm.

Question: who produced the series?

Answer: AMC Studios

The Walking Dead (TV series) [SEP] Introduction

AMC announced plans for three films to follow Rick's story after Lincoln's departure. In 2020, two further spinoffs were announced: one focused on Reedus' and McBride's characters and an anthology series to feature individual character backstories. "The Walking Dead" is produced by AMC Studios within the state of Georgia, with most filming taking place in the large outdoor spaces of Riverwood Studios near Senoia, Georgia. The series was adapted from the comic by Frank Darabont, who also served as the showrunner for the first season. However, conflicts between Darabont and AMC forced his departure from the series, and which is currently subject to multiple lawsuits by Darabont and others.


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who produced the series?

Context: AMC Studios

Question: where is it located?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

The Walking Dead is an American post-apocalyptic horror television series based on the comic book series of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard. The series features a large ensemble cast as survivors of a zombie apocalypse, trying to stay alive under near-constant threat of attacks from zombies, colloquially known as "walkers". However, with the fall of humanity, these survivors also face conflict from other living survivors who have formed groups and communities with their own sets of laws and morals, often leading to hostile conflict between the human communities. Andrew Lincoln played the series's lead character, Rick Grimes, until his departure during the ninth season.


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who produced the series?

Context: AMC Studios

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was it premiered?

Answer: October 31, 2010

Other long-standing cast members have included Norman Reedus, Steven Yeun, Chandler Riggs, Melissa McBride, Lauren Cohan, Danai Gurira, Josh McDermitt and Christian Serratos. The series is exclusively broadcast on AMC in the United States and internationally through the Fox Networks Group. The series premiered on October 31, 2010. The tenth season premiered on October 6, 2019, and has been renewed for an eleventh and final season. AMC have also further developed the series into related media; a spinoff series, "Fear the Walking Dead", premiered on August 23, 2015, and is renewed for a sixth season. A second spinoff, "", is set to premiere in 2020.


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who produced the series?

Context: AMC Studios

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 31, 2010

Question: where?

Answer: On AMC in the United States and internationally through the Fox Networks Group

Explanation: The series is exclusively broadcast on AMC in the United States and internationally through the Fox Networks Grou


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who produced the series?

Context: AMC Studios

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 31, 2010

Context: where?

Context: On AMC in the United States and internationally through the Fox Networks Group

Question: who all were the characters in it?

Answer: Norman Reedus, Steven Yeun, Chandler Riggs, Melissa McBride, Lauren Cohan, Danai Gurira, Josh McDermitt and Christian Serratos.

Explanation: Andrew Lincoln played the series's lead character, Rick Grimes, until his departure during the ninth season. Other long-standing cast members have included Norman Reedus, Steven Yeun, Chandler Riggs, Melissa McBride, Lauren Cohan, Danai Gurira, Josh McDermitt and Christian Serratos.


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who produced the series?

Context: AMC Studios

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 31, 2010

Context: where?

Context: who all were the characters in it?

Context: Norman Reedus, Steven Yeun, Chandler Riggs, Melissa McBride, Lauren Cohan, Danai Gurira, Josh McDermitt and Christian Serratos.

Question: who played the first one?

Answer: He played as Daryl Dixon

Norman Reedus [SEP] Introduction

Norman Mark Reedus (born January 6, 1969) is an American actor, voice actor, television host, and model. Reedus is known for starring in the popular AMC horror drama series "The Walking Dead" as Daryl Dixon, in the film "The Boondock Saints" (1999) and its sequel "" (2009) as Murphy MacManus, as Scud in Marvel's "Blade 2" (2002), Marco in "Deuces Wild" (2002) and for his AMC TV show "Ride with Norman Reedus". He has acted in numerous films and television series, and modeled for various fashion designers (most recognizably Prada in the 1990s). Reedus also provided motion capture and voice acting for the main character Sam in Hideo Kojima's video game, "Death Stranding" (2019).


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who produced the series?

Context: AMC Studios

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 31, 2010

Context: where?

Context: who all were the characters in it?

Context: who played the first one?

Context: He played as Daryl Dixon

Question: where was it filmed?

Answer: Most filming taking place in the large outdoor spaces of Riverwood Studios near Senoia, Georgia

Explanation: "The Walking Dead" is produced by AMC Studios within the state of Georgia, with most filming taking place in the large outdoor spaces of Riverwood Studios near Senoia, Georgia. The series was adapted from the comic by Frank Darabont, who also served as the showrunner for the first season. However, conflicts between Darabont and AMC forced his departure from the ser


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who produced the series?

Context: AMC Studios

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 31, 2010

Context: where?

Context: who all were the characters in it?

Context: who played the first one?

Context: He played as Daryl Dixon

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: Most filming taking place in the large outdoor spaces of Riverwood Studios near Senoia, Georgia

Question: was it made into any film?

Answer: It is under production

Explanation: Following the departure of Andrew Lincoln as Rick Grimes during the ninth season, chief content officer Scott Gimple stated that they plan to create three AMC Original Films to explore events related to Rick's character in the future, starring Lincoln, and with the first expected to begin production in 2019. Besides Lincoln, Danai Gurira (Michonne) and Pollyanna McIntosh (Jadis / Anne) will also star in these films. Gimple stated that these will not simply be extended episodes, nor will attempt to adapt any of the comic stories, but will heavily involve Kirkman in their development. The films will be released in theaters by Universal Pictures.

The Walking Dead (TV series) [SEP] Films


Context: what is beside the dying fire?

Context: what is it's storyline?

Context: who produced the series?

Context: AMC Studios

Context: where is it located?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: October 31, 2010

Context: where?

Context: who all were the characters in it?

Context: who played the first one?

Context: He played as Daryl Dixon

Context: where was it filmed?

Context: was it made into any film?

Context: It is under production

Question: what was done to promote the series?

Answer: Dozens of parodies and spoofs featured on YouTube channels like Bad Lip Reading and television series such as "Saturday Night Live" and "Mad TV

The Walking Dead (TV series) [SEP] Parodies and spoofs

Due to its popularity, "The Walking Dead" has inspired dozens of parodies and spoofs featured on YouTube channels like Bad Lip Reading and television series such as "Saturday Night Live" and "Mad TV". Bad Lip Reading made a widely viewed parody involving Rick and the Governor, entitled "La-Bibbida-Bibba-Dum". The series's cast was shown the parody at the San Diego Comic-Con in 2013, and David Morrisseywho portrays the Governor reacted by saying he now understood why so many people would walk up to him on the street and blurt, "Hey, La-Bibbida-Bibba-Dum!" Until seeing the video, he had wondered, "what's wrong with these people?" "The Walking Dead" has also been represented as a live comedy performance by English comedian Dan Willis at the Edinburgh Festival.


Question: urbanization is the cause of urban heat island a condition that could be described as

Answer: The modification of land surfaces

Urban heat island [SEP] Introduction

An urban heat island (UHI) is an urban area or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities. The temperature difference is usually larger at night than during the day, and is most apparent when winds are weak. UHI is most noticeable during the summer and winter. The main cause of the urban heat island effect is from the modification of land surfaces. Waste heat generated by energy usage is a secondary contributor. As a population center grows, it tends to expand its area and increase its average temperature. The term heat island is also used; the term can be used to refer to any area that is relatively hotter than the surrounding, but generally refers to human-disturbed areas.


Context: urbanization is the cause of urban heat island a condition that could be described as

Context: The modification of land surfaces

Question: how does this island affect the animals?

Answer: For example, ant colonies in urban heat islands have an increased heat tolerance at no cost to cold tolerance, and Grey-headed flying foxes, found in Melbourne, Australia, colonized urban habitats following increase in temperatures there.

Explanation: Ant colonies in urban heat islands have an increased heat tolerance at no cost to cold tolerance.

Urban heat island [SEP] Impact on animals

With temperate climates, urban heat islands will extend the growing season, therefore altering breeding strategies of inhabiting species. This can be seen the best in the effects that urban heat islands have on water temperature. With the temperature of the nearby buildings sometimes reaching over 50 degrees different from the near-surface air temperature, precipitation will warm rapidly, causing runoff into nearby streams, lakes and rivers (or other bodies of water) to provide excessive thermal pollution. The increase in the thermal pollution has the ability to increase water temperature by 20 to 30 degrees. This increase will cause the fish species inhabiting the body of water to undergo thermal stress and shock due to the rapid change in temperature to their climate.


Context: The modification of land surfaces

Context: how does this island affect the animals?

Context: For example, ant colonies in urban heat islands have an increased heat tolerance at no cost to cold tolerance, and Grey-headed flying foxes, found in Melbourne, Australia, colonized urban habitats following increase in temperatures there.

Question: does it change according to the season?

Answer: Yes, the urban heat island temperature difference is not only usually larger at night than during the day, but also larger in winter than in summer.

Urban heat island [SEP] Seasonal behavior

The urban heat island temperature difference is not only usually larger at night than during the day, but also larger in winter than in summer. This is especially true in areas where snow is common, as cities tend to hold snow for shorter periods of time than surrounding rural areas (this is due to the higher insulation capacity of cities, as well as human activities such as plowing). This decreases the albedo of the city and thereby magnifies the heating effect. Higher wind speeds in rural areas, particularly in winter, can also function to make them cooler than urban areas.


Context: The modification of land surfaces

Context: does it change according to the season?

Context: Yes, the urban heat island temperature difference is not only usually larger at night than during the day, but also larger in winter than in summer.

Question: how is it associated with greenery?

Answer: In recent years, researchers have discovered a strong correlation between neighborhood income and tree canopy cover.

Urban heat island [SEP] Inequality of tree canopy cover

In recent years, researchers have discovered a strong correlation between neighborhood income and tree canopy cover. In 2010, researchers at Auburn University and University of Southern California found that the presence of trees are "highly responsive to changes in [neighborhood] income." Low-income neighborhoods tend to have significantly fewer trees than neighborhoods with higher incomes. They described this unequal distribution of trees as a demand for "luxury," rather than "necessity." According to the study, "for every 1 percent increase in per capita income, demand for forest cover increased by 1.76 percent. But when income dropped by the same amount, demand decreased by 1.26 percent." Trees are a necessary feature in combating most of the urban heat island effect because they reduce air temperatures by , and surface temperatures by up to .


Context: The modification of land surfaces

Context: does it change according to the season?

Context: how is it associated with greenery?

Context: In recent years, researchers have discovered a strong correlation between neighborhood income and tree canopy cover.

Question: how does this canopy cover affect the heat difference?

Answer: Because they reduce air temperatures and surface temperatures

Explanation: Trees are a necessary feature in combating most of the urban heat island effect because they reduce air temperatures by , and surface temperatures by up to .

Researchers hypothesized that less-well-off neighborhoods do not have the financial resources to plant and maintain trees. Affluent neighborhoods can afford more trees, on "both public and private property." Part of this is also that wealthier homeowners and communities can afford more land, which can be kept open as green space, whereas poorer ones are often rentals, where landowners try to maximize their profit by putting as much density as possible on their land.


Context: The modification of land surfaces

Context: does it change according to the season?

Context: how is it associated with greenery?

Context: how does this canopy cover affect the heat difference?

Context: Because they reduce air temperatures and surface temperatures

Question: has any act been passed to tackle it?

Answer: Yes, by implementation of policies such as the Seattle Green Factor, a multifaceted system for urban landscaping, has seen much success in the mitigation of urban heat islands

Urban heat island [SEP] Implementation of policies

The Seattle Green Factor, a multifaceted system for urban landscaping, has seen much success in the mitigation of urban heat islands. The program focuses on areas that are prone to high pollution, such as business districts. There are strict guidelines for any new construction that exceeds roughly 20 parking spaces, and this platform helps developers physically see their levels of pollution while trying different methods of construction to figure out the most effective course of action. Seattle has correspondingly produced a "score sheet" for cities to use in their city planning.


Context: The modification of land surfaces

Context: does it change according to the season?

Context: how is it associated with greenery?

Context: has any act been passed to tackle it?

Context: Yes, by implementation of policies such as the Seattle Green Factor, a multifaceted system for urban landscaping, has seen much success in the mitigation of urban heat islands

Question: what is california legislation?

Answer: Assembly Bill 32 required the California Air Resources Board to create a scoping plan.

Urban heat island [SEP] California legislation

Assembly Bill (AB) 32 required the California Air Resources Board to create a scoping plan. This plan is California's approach on how to carry out their goal of combating climate change by reducing greenhouse emissions by 2020 to levels from the 1990s. The scoping plan had four primary programs, advanced clean cars, cap and trade, renewables portfolio standard and low-carbon fuel standard all geared toward increased energy efficiency. The plan has main strategies to reduce green house gases such as having monetary incentives, regulations and voluntary actions. Every five years the scoping plan is updated. Clean Air Act The EPA has initiated several air quality requirements that help reduce ground-level ozone that leads to urban heat islands.