Context: who is master chief?

Context: who has voiced it?

Context: Steve Downes

Context: who published the franchise?

Context: Bungie

Context: Alex Seropian

Context: did it become an independent company?

Context: who was its parent company?

Context: Microsoft

Context: what does this company do?

Context: It develops, manufactures, licenses, supports, and sells computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers and related services

Question: who founded it?

Answer: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Microsoft [SEP] 1972–1985: Founding

Allen worked on a simulator for the Altair while Gates developed the interpreter, and it worked flawlessly when they demonstrated it to MITS in March 1975 in Albuquerque, New Mexico. MITS agreed to distribute it, marketing it as Altair BASIC. Gates and Allen established Microsoft on April 4, 1975, with Gates as CEO, and Allen suggested the name "Micro-Soft", short for micro-computer software. In August 1977, the company formed an agreement with ASCII Magazine in Japan, resulting in its first international office of ASCII Microsoft. Microsoft moved its headquarters to Bellevue, Washington in January 1979. Microsoft entered the operating system (OS) business in 1980 with its own version of Unix called Xenix, but it was MS-DOS that solidified the company's dominance.


Context: who is master chief?

Context: A fictional character and the protagonist in the "Halo" multimedia franchise

Context: who has voiced it?

Context: Steve Downes

Context: who published the franchise?

Context: Bungie

Context: who established the above mentioned company?

Context: Alex Seropian

Context: did it become an independent company?

Context: Yes. It split off from its parent company and becoming a privately held limited liability company

Context: who was its parent company?

Context: Microsoft

Context: what does this company do?

Context: who founded it?

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Question: which was their first release through this company?

Answer: Altair BASIC

Explanation: MITS agreed to distribute it, marketing it as Altair BASIC.

Microsoft [SEP] 1972–1985: Founding


Context: who is master chief?

Context: who has voiced it?

Context: Steve Downes

Context: who published the franchise?

Context: Bungie

Context: Alex Seropian

Context: did it become an independent company?

Context: who was its parent company?

Context: Microsoft

Context: what does this company do?

Context: who founded it?

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: which was their first release through this company?

Context: Altair BASIC

Question: did the company go through layoffs?

Answer: Yes. In July 2014

Microsoft [SEP] Layoffs

In July 2014, Microsoft announced plans to lay off 18,000 employees. Microsoft employed 127,104 people as of June 5, 2014, making this about a 14 percent reduction of its workforce as the biggest Microsoft lay off ever. This included 12,500 professional and factory personnel. Previously, Microsoft had eliminated 5,800 jobs in 2009 in line with the Great Recession of 2008–2017. In September 2014, Microsoft laid off 2,100 people, including 747 people in the Seattle–Redmond area, where the company is headquartered. The firings came as a second wave of the layoffs that were previously announced. This brought the total number to over 15,000 out of the 18,000 expected cuts.


Context: who is master chief?

Context: who has voiced it?

Context: Steve Downes

Context: who published the franchise?

Context: Bungie

Context: Alex Seropian

Context: did it become an independent company?

Context: who was its parent company?

Context: Microsoft

Context: what does this company do?

Context: who founded it?

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: Altair BASIC

Context: did the company go through layoffs?

Context: Yes. In July 2014

Question: have they been a sponsor of any kind?

Answer: Yes. Official jersey sponsor of Finland's national basketball team at EuroBasket 2015

Explanation: The company was the official jersey sponsor of Finland's national basketball team at EuroBasket 2015.

Microsoft [SEP] Sponsorship


Context: who is master chief?

Context: who has voiced it?

Context: Steve Downes

Context: who published the franchise?

Context: Bungie

Context: Alex Seropian

Context: did it become an independent company?

Context: who was its parent company?

Context: Microsoft

Context: what does this company do?

Context: who founded it?

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: Altair BASIC

Context: did the company go through layoffs?

Context: Yes. In July 2014

Context: have they been a sponsor of any kind?

Context: Yes. Official jersey sponsor of Finland's national basketball team at EuroBasket 2015

Question: is the first founder that you mentioned a part of any ngo?

Answer: Yes. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Explanation: Gates and his wife combined three family foundations and Gates donated stock valued at $5 billion to create the charitable Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which was identified by the Funds for NGOs company in 2013, as the world's wealthiest charitable foundation,

Bill Gates [SEP] Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

The goal of the foundation is to provide 120 million women and girls, in the poorest countries, with high-quality contraceptive information and services, with the longer-term goal of universal access to voluntary family planning. In 2007, the "Los Angeles Times" criticized the foundation for investing its assets in companies that have been accused of worsening poverty, pollution and pharmaceutical firms that do not sell to developing countries. Although the foundation announced a review of its investments to assess social responsibility, it was subsequently canceled and upheld its policy of investing for maximum return, while using voting rights to influence company practices.


Context: who is master chief?

Context: who has voiced it?

Context: Steve Downes

Context: who published the franchise?

Context: Bungie

Context: Alex Seropian

Context: did it become an independent company?

Context: who was its parent company?

Context: Microsoft

Context: what does this company do?

Context: who founded it?

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: Altair BASIC

Context: did the company go through layoffs?

Context: Yes. In July 2014

Context: have they been a sponsor of any kind?

Context: is the first founder that you mentioned a part of any ngo?

Context: Yes. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Question: do they organise charity events?

Answer: Yes. Match for Africa 4

Bill Gates [SEP] Charity sports events

On April 29, 2017, Gates partnered with Swiss tennis legend Roger Federer in play in the Match for Africa 4, a noncompetitive tennis match at a sold-out Key Arena in Seattle. The event was in support of Roger Federer Foundation's charity efforts in Africa. Federer and Gates played against John Isner, the top-ranked American player for much of this decade, and Mike McCready, the lead guitarist for Pearl Jam. The pair won the match 6 to 4. Overall, they raised $2 million for children in Africa. The following year, Gates and Federer returned to play in the Match for Africa 5 on March 5, 2018, at San Jose's SAP Center.


Context: who is master chief?

Context: who has voiced it?

Context: Steve Downes

Context: who published the franchise?

Context: Bungie

Context: Alex Seropian

Context: did it become an independent company?

Context: who was its parent company?

Context: Microsoft

Context: what does this company do?

Context: who founded it?

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: Altair BASIC

Context: did the company go through layoffs?

Context: Yes. In July 2014

Context: have they been a sponsor of any kind?

Context: Yes. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Context: do they organise charity events?

Context: Yes. Match for Africa 4

Question: does the foundation helps students?

Answer: It gives grants to think tanks and advocacy organizations to produce white papers on ideas for changing the current system of federal financial aid for college students, with a goal of increasing graduation rates

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [SEP] Education

One of the foundation's goals is to lower poverty by increasing the number of college graduates in the United States, and the organization has funded "Reimagining Aid Design and Delivery" grants to think tanks and advocacy organizations to produce white papers on ideas for changing the current system of federal financial aid for college students, with a goal of increasing graduation rates. One of the ways the foundation has sought to increase the number of college graduates is to get them through college faster, but that idea has received some pushback from organizations of universities and colleges. As part of its education-related initiatives, the foundation has funded journalists, think tanks, lobbying organizations and governments.


Context: who is master chief?

Context: who has voiced it?

Context: Steve Downes

Context: who published the franchise?

Context: Bungie

Context: Alex Seropian

Context: did it become an independent company?

Context: who was its parent company?

Context: Microsoft

Context: what does this company do?

Context: who founded it?

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: Altair BASIC

Context: did the company go through layoffs?

Context: Yes. In July 2014

Context: have they been a sponsor of any kind?

Context: Yes. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Context: do they organise charity events?

Context: Yes. Match for Africa 4

Context: does the foundation helps students?

Context: It gives grants to think tanks and advocacy organizations to produce white papers on ideas for changing the current system of federal financial aid for college students, with a goal of increasing graduation rates

Question: what other initiatives have they taken?

Answer: The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) program involving research, experimentation, reflection, advocacy and field implementation

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [SEP] Water, sanitation and hygiene

The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) program of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation was launched in mid-2005 as a "Learning Initiative", and became a full-fledged program under the Global Development Division in early 2010. The foundation has since 2005 undertaken a wide range of efforts in the WASH sector involving research, experimentation, reflection, advocacy, and field implementation. In 2009, the foundation decided to refocus its WASH effort mainly on sustainable sanitation services for the poor, using non-piped sanitation services (i.e. without the use of sewers), and less on water supply. This was because the sanitation sector was generally receiving less attention from other donors and from governments, and because the foundation believed it had the potential to make a real difference through strategic investments.


Question: name the unique name of the flag of japan

Answer: Kikkamon

Explanation: The current Emperor's flag is a 16-petal chrysanthemum (called Kikkamon , Japanese:菊花紋) ,

Flag of Japan [SEP] Imperial flags

The chrysanthemum has been associated with the Imperial throne since the rule of Emperor Go-Toba in the 12th century, but it did not become the exclusive symbol of the Imperial throne until 1868.


Context: name the unique name of the flag of japan

Context: Kikkamon

Question: what does the falg denote?

Answer: It embodies the country's sobriquet: Land of the Rising Sun.

Flag of Japan [SEP] Introduction

The national flag of Japan is a rectangular white banner bearing a crimson-red disc at its center. This flag is officially called , but is more commonly known in Japan as . It embodies the country's sobriquet: Land of the Rising Sun. The "Nisshōki" flag is designated as the national flag in the Act on National Flag and Anthem, which was promulgated and became effective on August 13, 1999. Although no earlier legislation had specified a national flag, the sun-disc flag had already become the "de facto" national flag of Japan. Two proclamations issued in 1870 by the Daijō-kan, the governmental body of the early Meiji period, each had a provision for a design of the national flag.


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: It embodies the country's sobriquet: Land of the Rising Sun.

Question: what are the codes to be followed for the flag?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Flag of Japan [SEP] Introduction


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: what are the codes to be followed for the flag?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: any countries flags that look similar to this one?

Answer: Two recently designed national flags resemble the Japanese flag. In 1971, Bangladesh gained independence from Pakistan, and it adopted a national flag that had a green background.

Explanation: Two recently designed national flags resemble the Japanese flag. In 1971, Bangladesh gained independence from Pakistan, and it adopted a national flag that had a green background, charged with an off-centered red disc that contained a golden map of Bangladesh.

Flag of Japan [SEP] Derivatives

The Japanese naval ensign also influenced other flag designs. One such flag design is used by the "Asahi Shimbun". At the bottom hoist of the flag, one quarter of the sun is displayed. The kanji character 朝 is displayed on the flag, colored white, covering most of the sun. The rays extend from the sun, occurring in a red and white alternating order, culminating in 13 total stripes. The flag is commonly seen at the National High School Baseball Championship, as the "Asahi Shimbun" is a main sponsor of the tournament. The rank flags and ensigns of the Imperial Japanese Navy also based their designs on the naval ensign.


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: any countries flags that look similar to this one?

Context: Two recently designed national flags resemble the Japanese flag. In 1971, Bangladesh gained independence from Pakistan, and it adopted a national flag that had a green background.

Question: how did the latter country get its name?

Answer: It alludes to the word ("pāk"), meaning "pure" in Persian and Pashto.

Pakistan [SEP] Etymology

The name "Pakistan" literally means "land of the pure" in Urdu and Persian. It alludes to the word ("pāk"), meaning "pure" in Persian and Pashto. The suffix ("-stān") is a Persian suffix meaning "the place of", and also recalls the synonymous (and cognate) Sanskrit word ("sthāna"). The name of the country was coined in 1933 as "Pakstan" by Choudhry Rahmat Ali, a Pakistan Movement activist, who published it in his pamphlet "Now or Never", using it as an acronym ("thirty million Muslim brethren who live in PAKSTAN") referring to the names of the five northern regions of British India: "P"unjab, "A"fghania, "K"ashmir, "S"indh, and Baluchis"tan".


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how did the latter country get its name?

Context: It alludes to the word ("pāk"), meaning "pure" in Persian and Pashto.

Question: who is its prime minister?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Pakistan [SEP] Etymology


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is its prime minister?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where the the latter mentioned country located?

Answer: South Asia

Pakistan [SEP] Introduction

Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country with a population exceeding 212.2 million. It has the world's second-largest Muslim population. It is the 33rd-largest country by area, spanning . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest, and China to the northeast. It is separated narrowly from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor in the northwest, and also shares a maritime border with Oman. The territory that now constitutes Pakistan was the site of several ancient cultures and intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent.


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is its prime minister?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: where the the latter mentioned country located?

Context: South Asia

Question: what is the weather like here?

Answer: Climate of the country is extremely diverse.

Pakistan [SEP] Geography, environment, and climate

The geography and climate of Pakistan are extremely diverse, and the country is home to a wide variety of wildlife. Pakistan covers an area of , approximately equal to the combined land areas of France and the United Kingdom. It is the 33rd-largest nation by total area, although this ranking varies depending on how the disputed territory of Kashmir is counted. Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and land borders of in total: with Afghanistan, with China, with India and with Iran. It shares a marine border with Oman, and is separated from Tajikistan by the cold, narrow Wakhan Corridor.


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is its prime minister?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Asia

Context: what is the weather like here?

Context: Climate of the country is extremely diverse.

Question: can you name some plants grown here?

Answer: Spruce, pine, and deodar cedar.

Pakistan [SEP] Flora and fauna

The diversity of the landscape and climate in Pakistan allows a wide variety of trees and plants to flourish. The forests range from coniferous alpine and subalpine trees such as spruce, pine, and deodar cedar in the extreme northern mountains to deciduous trees in most of the country (for example, the mulberry-like shisham found in the Sulaiman Mountains), to palms such as coconut and date in the southern Punjab, southern Balochistan, and all of Sindh. The western hills are home to juniper, tamarisk, coarse grasses, and scrub plants. Mangrove forests form much of the coastal wetlands along the coast in the south.


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is its prime minister?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Asia

Context: what is the weather like here?

Context: can you name some plants grown here?

Context: Spruce, pine, and deodar cedar.

Question: what is the dominant religious group here?

Answer: Islam

Pakistan [SEP] Religion

The state religion in Pakistan is Islam. Freedom of religion is guaranteed by the Constitution of Pakistan, which provides all its citizens the right to profess, practice and propagate their religion subject to law, public order, and morality. The population of Pakistan follow different religions. Most of Pakistanis are Muslims (96.0%) followed by Hindus (1.85%) and Christians (1.5%). There are also people in Pakistan who follow other religions, such as Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism and the minority of Parsi (who follow Zoroastrianism). The Kalash people maintain a unique identity and religion within Pakistan. In addition, some Pakistanis also do not profess any faith (such as atheists and agnostics) in Pakistan.


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is its prime minister?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Asia

Context: what is the weather like here?

Context: can you name some plants grown here?

Context: Spruce, pine, and deodar cedar.

Context: what is the dominant religious group here?

Context: Islam

Question: what are the colours of the flag that denote "rising sun"?

Answer: White and red.

Explanation: The national flag of Japan is a rectangular white banner bearing a crimson-red disc at its center.

Flag of Japan [SEP] Introduction


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is its prime minister?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Asia

Context: what is the weather like here?

Context: can you name some plants grown here?

Context: Spruce, pine, and deodar cedar.

Context: Islam

Context: what are the colours of the flag that denote "rising sun"?

Context: White and red.

Question: regarding, the religion you mentioned earlier, what are its roots?

Answer: It originated in early 7th century CE in the Arabian Peninsula, in Mecca.

Islam [SEP] Introduction

The cities of Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem are home to the three holiest sites in Islam. From a historical point of view, Islam originated in early 7th century CE in the Arabian Peninsula, in Mecca, and by the 8th century, the Umayyad Caliphate extended from Iberia in the west to the Indus River in the east. The Islamic Golden Age refers to the period traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century, during the Abbasid Caliphate, when much of the historically Muslim world was experiencing a scientific, economic, and cultural flourishing. The expansion of the Muslim world involved various caliphates and states such as the Ottoman Empire, trade, and conversion to Islam by missionary activities ("dawah").


Context: Kikkamon

Context: what does the falg denote?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who is its prime minister?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: South Asia

Context: what is the weather like here?

Context: can you name some plants grown here?

Context: Spruce, pine, and deodar cedar.

Context: Islam

Context: White and red.

Context: regarding, the religion you mentioned earlier, what are its roots?

Context: It originated in early 7th century CE in the Arabian Peninsula, in Mecca.

Question: what are the main habits followed by its followers?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Islam [SEP] Introduction

Islam (; , "submission [to God]") is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that there is only one God (Allah) and that Muhammad is a messenger of God. It is the world's second-largest religion with 1.9 billion followers or 24.5% of the world's population, known as Muslims. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 49 countries. Islam teaches that God is merciful, all-powerful, and unique, and has guided mankind through prophets, revealed scriptures, and natural signs. The primary scriptures of Islam are the Quran, believed to be the verbatim word of God, as well as the teachings and normative examples (called the "sunnah", composed of accounts called "hadith") of Muhammad ( 570 – 632 CE).


Question: what is the song style by taylor swift about

Answer: The song's lyrics are ambiguous, several critics initially thought the song talked about romance and beauty standards in a flirtatious manner.

Style (Taylor Swift song) [SEP] Music and lyrics

The refrain is accompanied by "undulating waves" of keyboards underneath. Alexis Petridis of "The Guardian" compared the song's electronic-oriented styles to those on the soundtrack of the 2011 film "Drive" and Daft Punk's 2013 album "Random Access Memories". The song's lyrics are ambiguous. Several critics initially thought the song talked about romance and beauty standards in a flirtatious manner. Wood pointed out the opening lines "Midnight / You come and pick me up, no headlights" as an allusion to having sex, a subject about which Swift had not previously written. The lyrics, "You've got that James Dean daydream look in your eye / And I've got that red lip classic thing that you like" in the refrain refer to the 1950s actor James Dean and, in the words of "The Atlantic"s Spencer Kornhaber, reflect conventional beauty standards employed by iconic American figures like Marilyn Monroe and Cindy Crawford.


Context: what is the song style by taylor swift about

Context: The song's lyrics are ambiguous, several critics initially thought the song talked about romance and beauty standards in a flirtatious manner.

Question: when was it released?

Answer: February 9, 2015

Style (Taylor Swift song) [SEP] Introduction

"Style" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her fifth studio album, "1989" (2014). It was written and produced by Max Martin, Shellback, and Ali Payami, with additional writing by Swift, and released to radio stations as the album's third single on February 9, 2015. Musically, "Style" incorporates disco, funk-pop, pop rock and synth-pop. The lyrics are ambiguous; contemporary publications interpreted the song as being about beauty standards and reflections on past romantic relationships. The song garnered generally positive reviews from critics, many of whom deemed it the album's highlight. A few commentators found the lyrics clichéd and shallow.


Context: when was it released?

Context: February 9, 2015

Question: who composed it?

Answer: It was written and produced by Max Martin, Shellback, and Ali Payami, with additional writing by Taylor Swift

Explanation: It was written and produced by Max Martin, Shellback, and Ali Payami, with additional writing by Swift


Context: when was it released?

Context: February 9, 2015

Context: who composed it?

Context: It was written and produced by Max Martin, Shellback, and Ali Payami, with additional writing by Taylor Swift

Question: who sang it?

Answer: Taylor Swift

Explanation: "Style" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her fifth studio album, "1989" (2014).


Context: when was it released?

Context: February 9, 2015

Context: who composed it?

Context: who sang it?

Context: Taylor Swift

Question: when was she born?

Answer: December 13, 1989

Taylor Swift [SEP] Introduction

Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Her narrative songwriting, which often centers around her personal life, has received widespread critical plaudits and media coverage. Born in West Reading, Pennsylvania, Swift relocated to Nashville, Tennessee in 2004 to pursue a career in country music. Her 2006 eponymous debut studio album was the longest-charting album of the 2000s on the "Billboard" 200. Its third single, "Our Song", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), expands on country pop styles and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year.


Context: when was it released?

Context: February 9, 2015

Context: who composed it?

Context: who sang it?

Context: Taylor Swift

Context: when was she born?

Context: December 13, 1989

Question: can you mention some of her notable works?

Answer: "Our Song", "Fearless", "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me"

Explanation: Its third single, "Our Song", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), expands on country pop styles and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year. Buoyed by the success of crossover singles "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me", "Fearless" was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America. "Speak Now" (2010), her third studio album, blends country pop with rock sensibility and spawned the top-10 singles "Mine" and "Back to December".

Taylor Swift [SEP] Introduction

With sales of over 200 million records worldwide, Swift is one of the best-selling music artists of all time. Her accolades include ten Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, and seven Guinness World Records; she is the most-awarded act and woman at the American Music Awards (29 wins) and "Billboard" Music Awards (23 wins), respectively. She has been included in multiple power rankings, such as "Time"s annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world (2010, 2015 and 2019), "Rolling Stone"s 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time (2015), the "Forbes" Celebrity 100 (placing first in 2016 and 2019), and "Billboard"s Greatest of All Time Artists Chart (placing eighth).


Context: when was it released?

Context: February 9, 2015

Context: who composed it?

Context: who sang it?

Context: Taylor Swift

Context: when was she born?

Context: December 13, 1989

Context: can you mention some of her notable works?

Context: "Our Song", "Fearless", "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me"

Question: when did she start her singing career?

Answer: 2005

Explanation: "Taylor Swift" peaked at number five on the "Billboard" 200 albums chart in the United States, spending 157 weeks there—the longest stay on the chart by any release in the U.S. that decade. As of August 2016, the album had sold over 7.75 million copies worldwide

Taylor Swift [SEP] 2004–2008: Career beginnings and "Taylor Swift"

With "Our Song", Swift became the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the chart. "Teardrops on My Guitar" reached number thirteen on the "Billboard" Hot 100 songs chart in the United States. Swift also released the holiday album "" in October 2007 and the EP "Beautiful Eyes" in July 2008. She promoted her debut album extensively as the opening act for other artists on their tours.


Context: when was it released?

Context: February 9, 2015

Context: who composed it?

Context: who sang it?

Context: Taylor Swift

Context: when was she born?

Context: December 13, 1989

Context: when did she start her singing career?

Question: what style of music does she follow?

Answer: Swift's music consists primarily of elements of pop, synth-pop, country, country pop and rock.

Taylor Swift [SEP] Musical style

Swift's music consists primarily of elements of pop, synth-pop, country, country pop and rock. Her later works draw from genres such as indie folk, alternative rock, R&B, EDM, hip hop and trap. Swift described herself as a country artist until the release of "1989" (2014), which she characterized as her first "sonically cohesive pop album". "Rolling Stone" wrote, "[Swift] might get played on the country station, but she's one of the few genuine rock stars we've got these days." According to "The New York Times", "There isn't much in Ms. Swift's music to indicate country—a few banjo strums, a pair of cowboy boots worn onstage, a bedazzled guitar—but there's something in her winsome, vulnerable delivery that's unique to Nashville." "The Guardian" wrote that Swift "cranks melodies out with the pitiless efficiency of a Scandinavian pop factory." Swift's singing voice was described by Sophie Schillaci of "The Hollywood Reporter" as "sweet, but soft".


Question: which places are connected by u.s. route 8?

Answer: Interstate 35 in Forest Lake, Minnesota, to US 2 at Norway.

Explanation: It connects Interstate 35 (I-35) in Forest Lake, Minnesota, to US 2 at Norway in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan near the border with Wisconsin.

U.S. Route 8 [SEP] Introduction

WisDOT built a bypass around the city of Rhinelander in the 1990s and created a business loop along the old highway through the town. This loop was a locally maintained route through the central business district in Rhinelander. The signage for the loop was removed in 2005.


Context: which places are connected by u.s. route 8?

Context: Interstate 35 in Forest Lake, Minnesota, to US 2 at Norway.

Question: is there any business route which is a part of it?

Answer: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Explanation: Business U.S. Highway 8 (Bus. US 8) in Rhinelander, Wisconsin, was a locally maintained business loop highway routing through the central business district of the city. The route was designated when US 8 was shifted to a bypass of downtown in 1992.

U.S. Route 8 [SEP] Business route

Before the signage was removed, Bus. US 8 started at the western junction of US 8 and WIS 47. The business loop ran east from this intersection along Kemp Street, crossing the Wisconsin River north of the convergence with the Pelican River. The loop jogged north along Oneida Street for 3 blocks and turned east again on Lincoln Street. East of town, Bus. US 8 intersected WIS 17 and turned to the southeast. Outside of town, the business loop ran through wooded terrain and turned south near Clear Lake. Near the larger George Lake, the roadway curved back east along the lake's southern shore, running parallel to the main highway before turning south to connect to the main highway.


Context: is there any business route which is a part of it?

Context: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Question: which are the notable media outlets in the first place connected by the route?

Answer: The Forest Lake Times and Forest Lake Lowdown

Explanation: The first newspaper, "The Enterprise", was printed in 1903. It was changed in 1907 to "The Forest Lake Advertiser" and later to "The Forest Lake Times", in 1916, as it remains to this day. The "Forest Lake Lowdown" is another local paper.

Forest Lake, Minnesota [SEP] Media


Context: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Context: which are the notable media outlets in the first place connected by the route?

Context: The Forest Lake Times and Forest Lake Lowdown

Question: what are some of the geological characteristics of the state where this place is situated?

Answer: It has gneisses that are about 3.6 billion years old and 2.7 billion years ago remains of basaltic lava formed the Canadian Shield.

Minnesota [SEP] Geology

Minnesota has some of the earth's oldest rocks, gneisses that are about 3.6 billion years old (80% as old as the planet). About 2.7 billion years ago basaltic lava poured out of cracks in the floor of the primordial ocean; the remains of this volcanic rock formed the Canadian Shield in northeast Minnesota. The roots of these volcanic mountains and the action of Precambrian seas formed the Iron Range of northern Minnesota. Since a period of volcanism 1.1 billion years ago, Minnesota's geological activity has been more subdued, with no volcanism or mountain formation, but with repeated incursions of the sea, which left behind multiple strata of sedimentary rock.


Context: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Context: what are some of the geological characteristics of the state where this place is situated?

Context: It has gneisses that are about 3.6 billion years old and 2.7 billion years ago remains of basaltic lava formed the Canadian Shield.

Question: which are some of the protected lands in the state?

Answer: Itasca State Park, Chippewa and Superior national forests, etc to name a few.

Minnesota [SEP] Protected lands

Minnesota's first state park, Itasca State Park, was established in 1891, and is the source of the Mississippi River. Today Minnesota has 72 state parks and recreation areas, 58 state forests covering about four million acres (16,000 km), and numerous state wildlife preserves, all managed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. The Chippewa and Superior national forests comprise . The Superior National Forest in the northeast contains the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, which encompasses over a million acres (4,000 km) and a thousand lakes. To its west is Voyageurs National Park. The Mississippi National River and Recreation Area (MNRRA) is a corridor along the Mississippi River through the Minneapolis–St.


Context: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Context: which are some of the protected lands in the state?

Context: Itasca State Park, Chippewa and Superior national forests, etc to name a few.

Question: which plants are seen in the first one?

Answer: Eastern white pine, red pine, aspen–birch, etc.

Itasca State Park [SEP] Plant life

Fire is necessary to the regeneration of white, red, and jack pines in the area because it opens the forest floor and canopy for new trees to grow. An overpopulation of white-tailed deer also stunt the regeneration efforts of these pines, as deer browse young pine seedling and prevent them from maturing into trees. A combination of jack pine and northern pin oak dominated the park before European settlement. Among the numerous varieties of trees Itasca accommodates are quaking aspen, bigtooth aspen, paper birch, red pine, white pine, as well as a mix of northern hardwoods. Current vegetation of the park now include: eastern white pine, red pine, aspen–birch, mixed hardwoods, jack pine barrens, and conifer bog.


Context: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Context: which plants are seen in the first one?

Context: Eastern white pine, red pine, aspen–birch, etc.

Question: which animals are present there?

Answer: Bald eagles, loons, grebes, cormorants, etc.

Itasca State Park [SEP] Fauna

Three terrestrial biomes, coniferous forest, deciduous forest, and prairie all intersect in the Itasca region and allow habitat for numerous vegetation and animals. Itasca is home to over 200 bird species encompassing: bald eagles, loons, grebes, cormorants, herons, ducks, owls, hummingbirds, woodpeckers, chickadees, nuthatches, kinglets, vireos, tanagers, finches, and warblers. Residing among the many trails in the park are over 60 types of mammals including beaver, porcupine, black bear, and timber wolves. The white-tailed deer overpopulation has caused problems within the park. According to 1998 statistics it was estimated that the density of deer is around 15 to 17 per square mile compared with the 4–10 per square mile in similar areas in Wisconsin.


Context: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Context: which plants are seen in the first one?

Context: which animals are present there?

Context: Bald eagles, loons, grebes, cormorants, etc.

Question: can the first bird be held in captivity?

Answer: Yes, permits keep them.

Bald eagle [SEP] In captivity

Permits are required to keep bald eagles in captivity in the United States. Permits are primarily issued to public educational institutions, and the eagles which they show are permanently injured individuals which cannot be released to the wild. The facilities where eagles are kept must be equipped with adequate caging and facilities, as well as workers experienced in the handling and care of eagles. The bald eagle can be long-lived in captivity if well cared for, but does not breed well even under the best conditions. In Canada and in England a license is required to keep bald eagles for falconry.


Context: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Context: which plants are seen in the first one?

Context: which animals are present there?

Context: can the first bird be held in captivity?

Context: Yes, permits keep them.

Question: what is its significance in the native culture?

Answer: It is a sacred bird and its feathers, are central to many religious and spiritual customs among Native Americans.

Bald eagle [SEP] Role in Native American culture

The bald eagle is a sacred bird in some North American cultures, and its feathers, like those of the golden eagle, are central to many religious and spiritual customs among Native Americans. Eagles are considered spiritual messengers between gods and humans by some cultures. Many pow wow dancers use the eagle claw as part of their regalia as well. Eagle feathers are often used in traditional ceremonies, particularly in the construction of regalia worn and as a part of fans, bustles and head dresses. In the Navajo tradition an eagle feather is represented to be a protector, along with the feather Navajo medicine men use the leg and wing bones for ceremonial whistles.


Context: Yes, Business U.S. Highway 8.

Context: which plants are seen in the first one?

Context: which animals are present there?

Context: Yes, permits keep them.

Context: what is its significance in the native culture?

Context: It is a sacred bird and its feathers, are central to many religious and spiritual customs among Native Americans.

Question: is it allowed to kill the bird?

Answer: Yes, by issuing permits.

Bald eagle [SEP] Killing permits

In December 2016, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service proposed quadrupling the amount of bald eagles that can be killed by the wind electric generation industry without paying a penalty to 4,200 per year. If issued, the permits would last 30 years, six times the current 5-year permits.


Question: red hot chili peppers john frusciante last show

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

John Frusciante [SEP] 2007–2009: Red Hot Chili Peppers departure and "The Empyrean"

Ataxia released its second and final studio album, "AW II" in 2007. Following the "Stadium Arcadium" tour (early May 2006 to late August 2007), the Red Hot Chili Peppers agreed to a hiatus of indefinite length. In early 2008, Anthony Kiedis finally confirmed this, citing exhaustion from constant work since "Californication" as the main reason. Frusciante quit the group on July 29, 2009, but did not publicly announce his departure until December 2009, two months after the band ended their hiatus in October 2009 and began work on their next album with Josh Klinghoffer as their new guitarist. Frusciante's tenth solo album, "The Empyrean", was released on January 20, 2009, through Record Collection.


Context: red hot chili peppers john frusciante last show

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: mention those personalities that got influenced by him?

Answer: Frusciante's first major influence was Jimi Hendrix, he was also inspired by glam rock artists David Bowie, and T. Rex, he credits his inspiration for learning guitar to Greg Ginn, Pat Smear, and Joe Strummer

Explanation:
Frusciante's first major influence was Jimi Hendrix. He then saw The Red Hot Chili Peppers (at that point, "The" was part of their name) in concert in 1985, after which their then-guitarist Hillel Slovak became his second major influence, with Frusciante coming to idolize Slovak. Although Hendrix and Slovak were arguably Frusciante's most profound influences, he was also inspired by glam rock artists David Bowie, and T. Rex; as well as avant-garde acts such as Syd Barrett, Captain Beefheart, The Residents, The Velvet Underground, Neu!, Frank Zappa, and Kraftwerk. Frusciante seems to be much influenced by the progressive rock acts like Genesis, King Crimson, Van der Graaf Generator, and Yes, mentioning them in multiple interviews. Frusciante wrote an essay for the Yes box set, The Word Is Live, released in 2005.

He credits his inspiration for learning guitar to Greg Ginn, Pat Smear, and Joe Strummer, amongst others. As an adolescent, he began by focusing upon Hendrix, as well as bands

John Frusciante [SEP] Influences


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: mention those personalities that got influenced by him?

Context: Frusciante's first major influence was Jimi Hendrix, he was also inspired by glam rock artists David Bowie, and T. Rex, he credits his inspiration for learning guitar to Greg Ginn, Pat Smear, and Joe Strummer

Question: describe his style of music?

Answer: Frusciante's musical style has evolved over the course of his career, although he received moderate recognition for his early guitar work,  he attributes this recent recognition to his shift in focus, stating that he chose an approach based on rhythmic patterns

Explanation: Frusciante's musical style has evolved over the course of his career. Although he received moderate recognition for his early guitar work, it was not until later in his career that music critics and guitarists alike began to fully recognize it: in October 2003, he was ranked eighteenth in "Rolling Stone"'s list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". Frusciante attributes this recent recognition to his shift in focus, stating that he chose an approach based on rhythmic patterns inspired by the complexity of material Jimi Hendrix and Eddie Van Halen produced. On earlier records, however, much of his output was influenced by various underground punk and new wave musicians.

John Frusciante [SEP] Musical style


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe his style of music?

Context: Frusciante's musical style has evolved over the course of his career, although he received moderate recognition for his early guitar work,  he attributes this recent recognition to his shift in focus, stating that he chose an approach based on rhythmic patterns

Question: was he a part of any band?

Answer: Yes,  Red Hot Chili Peppers rock band

John Frusciante [SEP] Introduction

John Anthony Frusciante (; born March 5, 1970) is an American musician best known as the guitarist of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers. He has also released 12 solo albums and seven EPs. Frusciante joined the Chili Peppers at age 18 after the death of guitarist Hillel Slovak, and first appeared on the band's album "Mother's Milk" (1989). His second album with the band, "Blood Sugar Sex Magik" (1991), became their breakthrough hit; overwhelmed by the newfound popularity, Frusciante quit in 1992. He became a recluse and fell into drug addiction. In 1998, he completed drug rehabilitation and rejoined the band.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe his style of music?

Context: was he a part of any band?

Context: Yes,  Red Hot Chili Peppers rock band

Question: name the other members of the band?

Answer: Anthony Kiedis,  Flea, Chad Smith and John Frusciante

Red Hot Chili Peppers [SEP] Introduction

Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983. Their music incorporates elements of alternative rock, funk, punk rock and psychedelic rock. The band consists of lead vocalist Anthony Kiedis, bassist Flea, drummer Chad Smith, and guitarist John Frusciante. With over 80 million records sold worldwide, Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time. They are the most successful band in the history of alternative rock, with the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the "Billboard" Alternative Songs chart.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe his style of music?

Context: was he a part of any band?

Context: Yes,  Red Hot Chili Peppers rock band

Context: name the other members of the band?

Context: Anthony Kiedis,  Flea, Chad Smith and John Frusciante

Question: which equipment does the third member use?

Answer: Drum, He was a drummer

Explanation: . The band consists of lead vocalist Anthony Kiedis, bassist Flea, drummer Chad Smith, and guitarist John Frusciante.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe his style of music?

Context: was he a part of any band?

Context: Yes,  Red Hot Chili Peppers rock band

Context: name the other members of the band?

Context: which equipment does the third member use?

Context: Drum, He was a drummer

Question: any latest projects done by him?

Answer: He  rejoined Chickenfoot for a four-song encore and the band briefly reunited for only two shows at Harrah's Showroom at South Lake Tahoe, during the show, the band debuted a new song titled "Divine Termination"

Explanation: In 2012, Smith rejoined Chickenfoot for a four-song encore and the band briefly reunited for only two shows on May 7, and May 8, 2016 at Harrah's Showroom at South Lake Tahoe. During the show, the band debuted a new song titled "Divine Termination.

Chad Smith [SEP] Chickenfoot (2008–present)

During the show, the band debuted a new song titled "Divine Termination." In June 2016, Smith discussed the future of Chickenfoot touring and recording new music saying that "everyone has different things going on. We really enjoy playing together, but with my schedule I don't see us playing too much. I would love to make some new music with those guys, but we'd have to be in the same room at the same time. I just don't know. It's up in the air. I love playing with those guys, though. It's a real treat.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe his style of music?

Context: was he a part of any band?

Context: Yes,  Red Hot Chili Peppers rock band

Context: name the other members of the band?

Context: Drum, He was a drummer

Context: any latest projects done by him?

Context: He  rejoined Chickenfoot for a four-song encore and the band briefly reunited for only two shows at Harrah's Showroom at South Lake Tahoe, during the show, the band debuted a new song titled "Divine Termination"

Question: does he resemble anyone?

Answer: He  is widely known for his strong resemblance to actor and comedian Will Ferrell

Chad Smith [SEP] Will Ferrell resemblance

Smith is widely known for his strong resemblance to actor and comedian Will Ferrell, who is almost six years younger, which he has acknowledged by wearing shirts reading "I Am Not Will Ferrell" in live performances. Smith said that the two first met during the premiere of the film "The Ladies Man". He said, "I'm looking at Will and thinking, 'People really think I look like him? I don't fucking look like that. He looks me up and down and says, 'You're very handsome,' and walks away. Totally deadpan. I was like, 'You're funny. You're funny.'" Both Smith and Ferrell have utilized the resemblance for various appearances together, including their own events for charity and a 2014 appearance on "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon", in which the duo faced off in a drum battle, which segued into a musical number by the Red Hot Chili Peppers performing a cover of Blue Öyster Cult's "(Don't Fear) The Reaper", as a reference to the "Saturday Night Live" "More Cowbell" skit, in which both Ferrell and Fallon starred.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe his style of music?

Context: was he a part of any band?

Context: Yes,  Red Hot Chili Peppers rock band

Context: name the other members of the band?

Context: Drum, He was a drummer

Context: any latest projects done by him?

Context: does he resemble anyone?

Context: He  is widely known for his strong resemblance to actor and comedian Will Ferrell

Question: is the comedian alive?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: describe his style of music?

Context: was he a part of any band?

Context: Yes,  Red Hot Chili Peppers rock band

Context: name the other members of the band?

Context: Drum, He was a drummer

Context: any latest projects done by him?

Context: does he resemble anyone?

Context: is the comedian alive?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: mention a few latest films done by him?

Answer: "Step Brothers", " Megamind", "The Lego Movie",  "Blades of Glory"  , "Daddy's Home"

Will Ferrell [SEP] Introduction

John William Ferrell (; born July 16, 1967) is an American actor, comedian, producer, writer, and businessman. He first established himself in the mid-1990s as a cast member on the NBC sketch comedy show "Saturday Night Live", and has subsequently starred in comedy films such as "" (2004), "" (2006), "Step Brothers" (2008), "The Other Guys" (2010) and "" (2013), all but one of which he co-wrote with his comedy partner Adam McKay. The two also founded the comedy website Funny or Die in 2007. Other film roles include "Elf", "Old School" (both 2003), "Blades of Glory" (2007), "Daddy's Home" (2015), and the animated films "Megamind" (2010) and "The Lego Movie" (2014).


Question: when did imagination the magazine get published for the first time?

Answer: October 1950

Imagination (magazine) [SEP] Introduction

Imagination was an American fantasy and science fiction magazine first published in October 1950 by Raymond Palmer's Clark Publishing Company. The magazine was sold almost immediately to Greenleaf Publishing Company, owned by William Hamling, who published and edited it from the third issue, February 1951, for the rest of the magazine's life. Hamling launched a sister magazine, Imaginative Tales, in 1954; both ceased publication at the end of 1958 in the aftermath of major changes in US magazine distribution due to the liquidation of American News Company. The magazine was more successful than most of the numerous science fiction titles launched in the late 1940s and early 1950s, lasting a total of 63 issues.


Context: when did imagination the magazine get published for the first time?

Context: October 1950

Question: what kind of genre does the magazine publish?

Answer: Fantasy and science fiction


Context: October 1950

Context: what kind of genre does the magazine publish?

Context: Fantasy and science fiction

Question: is it a weekly magazine?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: October 1950

Context: Fantasy and science fiction

Context: is it a weekly magazine?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: which is the first magazine ever to publish in the above mentioned genre?

Answer: Amazing Stories

Science fiction magazine [SEP] The first science fiction magazines

The first science fiction magazine, "Amazing Stories", was published in a format known as bedsheet, roughly the size of Life but with a square spine. Later, most magazines changed to the pulp magazine format, roughly the size of comic books or "National Geographic" but again with a square spine. Now, most magazines are published in digest format, roughly the size of "Reader's Digest", although a few are in the standard roughly 8.5" x 11" size, and often have stapled spines, rather than glued square spines. Science fiction magazines in this format often feature non-fiction media coverage in addition to the fiction.


Context: October 1950

Context: Fantasy and science fiction

Context: is it a weekly magazine?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which is the first magazine ever to publish in the above mentioned genre?

Context: Amazing Stories

Question: who was its first editor?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: October 1950

Context: Fantasy and science fiction

Context: is it a weekly magazine?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Amazing Stories

Context: who was its first editor?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: who owns it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: October 1950

Context: Fantasy and science fiction

Context: is it a weekly magazine?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Amazing Stories

Context: who was its first editor?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who owns it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: name a few british magazines in the science fiction genre?

Answer: Tales of Wonder, Scoops, Fantasy and New Worlds

Science fiction magazine [SEP] British science fiction magazines

The first British science fiction magazine was "Tales of Wonder", pulp size, 1937–1942, 16 issues, (unless you count "Scoops", a tabloid boys' paper that published 20 weekly issues in 1934). It was followed by two magazines, both named "Fantasy", one pulp size publishing three issues in 1938–1939, the other digest size, publishing three issues in 1946–1947. The British science fiction magazine, "New Worlds", published three pulp size issues in 1946–1947, before changing to digest size. With these exceptions, the pulp phenomenon, like the comic book, was largely a US format. By 2007, the only surviving major British science fiction magazine is "Interzone", published in "magazine" format, although small press titles such as "PostScripts" and "Polluto" are available.


Context: October 1950

Context: Fantasy and science fiction

Context: is it a weekly magazine?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Amazing Stories

Context: who was its first editor?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who owns it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: name a few british magazines in the science fiction genre?

Context: Tales of Wonder, Scoops, Fantasy and New Worlds

Question: when did such genre magazines transition from physical to digital magazines?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: October 1950

Context: Fantasy and science fiction

Context: is it a weekly magazine?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Amazing Stories

Context: who was its first editor?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who owns it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when did such genre magazines transition from physical to digital magazines?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: mention a few critical responses received by the imagination magazine?

Answer: Donald Tuck dismissed the novels it published saying, "not many were noteworthy, most being in the interplanetary/space opera/adventure field"

Imagination (magazine) [SEP] Contents and reception

Dick, Harlan Ellison, Robert A. Heinlein, Frederik Pohl and Robert Silverberg. "Imagination" is generally thought of by historians of science fiction as one of the weaker magazines of the 1950s, despite its relative longevity. Donald Tuck, in his "Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy", dismissed the novels it published, saying, "not many were noteworthy, most being in the interplanetary/space opera/adventure field", and Brian Stableford, a science fiction writer and critic, described it as dealing "primarily in routine space opera." James Blish, writing under the pseudonym "William Atheling, Jr.", which he used for some of his critical writing, remarked that it was a "widely unread" magazine.


Context: October 1950

Context: Fantasy and science fiction

Context: is it a weekly magazine?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: Amazing Stories

Context: who was its first editor?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who owns it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: mention a few critical responses received by the imagination magazine?

Context: Donald Tuck dismissed the novels it published saying, "not many were noteworthy, most being in the interplanetary/space opera/adventure field"

Question: what were the contents of the magazine?

Answer: The magazine often contained a long novel as the lead attraction

Swain, Daniel F. Galouye and Milton Lesser. Edmond Hamilton's work also appeared frequently towards the end of the magazine's life. The magazine often contained a long novel as the lead attraction. In addition to less well-known regulars, some more prominent writers occasionally appeared. Ray Bradbury's "The Fire Balloons" was published in the April 1951 issue, under the title "'…In This Sign'"; the story was later incorporated into Bradbury's fixups, "The Martian Chronicles" and "The Illustrated Man". Robert Sheckley's first story, "Final Examination", appeared in the May 1952 issue. Other well-known authors who were published in "Imagination" include Poul Anderson, John Wyndham (as "John Beynon"), James Blish, Philip K.


Question: what is introduction to viruses?

Answer: It is a tiny infectious agent that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts.

Introduction to viruses [SEP] Introduction

A virus is a tiny infectious agent that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts. When infected, the host cell is forced to rapidly produce thousands of identical copies of the original virus. Unlike most living things, viruses do not have cells that divide; new viruses assemble in the infected host cell. But unlike simpler infectious agents like prions, they contain genes, which allow them to mutate and evolve. Over 4,800 species of viruses have been described in detail out of the millions in the environment. Their origin is unclear: some may have evolved from plasmids—pieces of DNA that can move between cells—while others may have evolved from bacteria.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: It is a tiny infectious agent that reproduces inside the cells of living hosts.

Question: who discovered this?

Answer: Charles Chamberland

Explanation: Charles Chamberland

Introduction to viruses [SEP] Discovery

In 1884, French microbiologist Charles Chamberland invented the Chamberland filter (or Chamberland–Pasteur filter), that contains pores smaller than bacteria. He could then pass a solution containing bacteria through the filter, and completely remove them. In the early 1890s, Russian biologist Dmitri Ivanovsky used this method to study what became known as the tobacco mosaic virus. His experiments showed that extracts from the crushed leaves of infected tobacco plants remain infectious after filtration. At the same time, several other scientists showed that, although these agents (later called viruses) were different from bacteria and about one hundred times smaller, they could still cause disease.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: who discovered this?

Context: Charles Chamberland

Question: who was this person?

Answer: He was a French microbiologist.

Explanation: was a French microbiologist

Charles Chamberland [SEP] Introduction

Charles Chamberland (12 March 1851 – 2 May 1908) was a French microbiologist from Chilly-le-Vignoble in the department of Jura who worked with Louis Pasteur. In 1884 he developed a type of filtration known today as the Chamberland filter or Chamberland-Pasteur filter, a device that made use of an unglazed porcelain bar. The filter had pores that were smaller than bacteria, thus making it possible to pass a solution containing bacteria through the filter, and having the bacteria completely removed from the solution. Chamberland was also credited for starting a research project that led to the invention of the autoclave device in 1879.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: who discovered this?

Context: Charles Chamberland

Context: who was this person?

Context: He was a French microbiologist.

Question: what are the duties of the latter mentioned?

Answer: Planning and conducting experimental research projects, supervising scientists and evaluating their results conducting various tests etc.

Microbiologist [SEP] Duties

Microbiologists generally work in some way to increase scientific knowledge, or to utilize that knowledge in a way that improves outcomes in medicine or some industry. For many microbiologists, this work includes planning and conducting experimental research projects in some kind of laboratory setting. Others may have a more administrative role, supervising scientists and evaluating their results. Microbiologists working in the medical field, such as clinical microbiologists, may see patients or patient samples and do various tests to detect disease-causing organisms. For microbiologists working in academia, duties include performing research in an academic laboratory, writing grant proposals to fund research, as well as some amount of teaching and designing courses.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: who discovered this?

Context: Charles Chamberland

Context: who was this person?

Context: He was a French microbiologist.

Context: what are the duties of the latter mentioned?

Context: Planning and conducting experimental research projects, supervising scientists and evaluating their results conducting various tests etc.

Question: what is the educational requirement of the same?

Answer: Entry-level  jobs generally require at least a bachelor's degree in microbiology or a related field, for higher-level Masters in Microbiology along with Ph.D in any of the life-sciences would be required.

Microbiologist [SEP] Education

Entry-level microbiology jobs generally require at least a bachelor's degree in microbiology or a related field. These degree programs frequently include courses in chemistry, physics, statistics, biochemistry, and genetics, followed by more specialized courses in sub-fields of interest. Many of these courses have laboratory components to teach trainees basic and specialized laboratory skills. Higher-level and independent jobs like a clinical/Medical Microbiologist in a hospital or medical research centre generally require a Masters in Microbiology along with Ph.D. in any of the life-sciences (Biochem, Micro, Biotech, Genetics, etc) as well as several years experience as a microbiologist. This often includes time spent as a postdoctoral researcher wherein one leads research projects and prepares to transition to an independent career.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: who discovered this?

Context: Charles Chamberland

Context: who was this person?

Context: He was a French microbiologist.

Context: what is the educational requirement of the same?

Context: Entry-level  jobs generally require at least a bachelor's degree in microbiology or a related field, for higher-level Masters in Microbiology along with Ph.D in any of the life-sciences would be required.

Question: what is the completion period of the above mentioned degree in canada?

Answer: It takes either three or four years to complete.

Explanation: take either three or four years

Bachelor's degree [SEP] Canada

This last category included graduate-entry degrees titled as if they were doctorates, such as MD, JD and DDS degrees – despite their names, these are considered bachelor's degrees. Bachelor's degrees may take either three or four years to complete and are awarded by colleges and universities. In many universities and colleges bachelor's degrees are differentiated either as bachelor's or as honours bachelor's degrees. The term "honours" is an academic distinction, which indicates that students must achieve their bachelor's degree with a sufficiently high overall grade point average; in addition, some programs may require more education than non-honours programs. The honours degrees are sometimes designated with the abbreviation in brackets of '(Hon(s))'.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: who discovered this?

Context: Charles Chamberland

Context: who was this person?

Context: He was a French microbiologist.

Context: what is the completion period of the above mentioned degree in canada?

Context: It takes either three or four years to complete.

Question: what is its completion period in mexico?

Answer: It may take an average of five years.

Explanation: may take an average of five years

Bachelor's degree [SEP] Mexico

Bachelor's degrees may take an average of five years (from four to five years) to complete depending on the course load and the program and they are awarded by colleges and universities. Medicine is from 6 to 7 years. Each college has its own curriculum and requirements with an emphasis of their choice, governed independently by each state of the republic. After finishing all the subjects the student require a final work, which means the completion of particular honours seminars, research and development or a written thesis in a particular field. Mexico's regulations established as an obligation in order to receive their license and title the fulfillment of a "social service" to the nation (usually for those who finished their studies in a public institution) as a remuneration to society in the form of social actions, the benefits, as students, were received during training.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: who discovered this?

Context: Charles Chamberland

Context: who was this person?

Context: He was a French microbiologist.

Context: what is its completion period in mexico?

Context: It may take an average of five years.

Question: what is the period in belgium?

Answer: It last three years.

Explanation: last three years

Bachelor's degree [SEP] Belgium

Education in Belgium is run by the language communities, with separate higher education systems being administered by the Flemish Community and the French Community. Both systems have been reformed to align with the Bologna Process, the Flemish Community from 2003 and the French Community from 2004. In the Flemish Community, bachelor's degrees may be either academic or professional. These degrees last three years, and may be followed in both cases by a more advanced "bachelor-na-bachelor" diploma, lasting one year (c.f. the Australian bachelor honours degree). All of these qualifications are at level 6 on the EQF, to which the Flemish Qualification Framework was referenced in June 2011.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: who discovered this?

Context: Charles Chamberland

Context: who was this person?

Context: He was a French microbiologist.

Context: It may take an average of five years.

Context: what is the period in belgium?

Context: It last three years.

Question: what is this degree like in liberal arts field?

Answer: The degree is sometimes awarded to students who major in the liberal arts, in general, or in interdisciplinary studies.

Bachelor's degree [SEP] Liberal arts

The Bachelor of Liberal Arts, Bachelor of General Studies, Bachelor of Liberal Studies, Bachelor of Science in general studies, or Bachelor of Applied Studies (BLA, BGS, BLS, BScGS, BAS) degree is sometimes awarded to students who major in the liberal arts, in general, or in interdisciplinary studies. The Bachelor of Professional Studies is awarded to students who major in professional career studies.


Context: what is introduction to viruses?

Context: who discovered this?

Context: Charles Chamberland

Context: who was this person?

Context: He was a French microbiologist.

Context: It may take an average of five years.

Context: what is the period in belgium?

Context: It last three years.

Context: what is this degree like in liberal arts field?

Context: The degree is sometimes awarded to students who major in the liberal arts, in general, or in interdisciplinary studies.

Question: what is its completion period in sweden?

Answer: It is earned after three years of studies

Bachelor's degree [SEP] Sweden

The Swedish equivalent of a bachelor's degree is called "kandidatexamen." It is earned after three years of studies, of which at least a year and a half in the major subject. A thesis of at least 15 ECTS credits must be included in the degree. As part of the [Bologna process], Sweden aligned the length of its undergraduate and graduate programmes. Previously, there was a Bachelor of Law degree ("juris kandidat") which required 4.5 years of study, but this degree now has a new name, "juristexamen" (and is now a master's degree called "Master of Laws"). Similarly, the graduate engineering degree previously known as Civilingenjör was 4.5 years long, but was split into an undergraduate bachelor's degree of 3 years (180 ECTS credits) and a Master's degree of 2 years (120 credits).


Question: when did taylor swift became a pop singer

Answer: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Taylor Swift [SEP] Introduction

Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Her narrative songwriting, which often centers around her personal life, has received widespread critical plaudits and media coverage. Born in West Reading, Pennsylvania, Swift relocated to Nashville, Tennessee in 2004 to pursue a career in country music. Her 2006 eponymous debut studio album was the longest-charting album of the 2000s on the "Billboard" 200. Its third single, "Our Song", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. Swift's second studio album, "Fearless" (2008), expands on country pop styles and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year.


Context: when did taylor swift became a pop singer

Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Question: what was her debut album called?

Answer: "Taylor Swift"

2004–2008: Career beginnings and "Taylor Swift"

Explanation: She began working on her eponymous debut album shortly after. Swift persuaded Big Machine to hire her demo producer Nathan Chapman, with whom she felt she had the right "chemistry". She wrote three of the album's songs alone, and co-wrote the remaining eight with Rose, Robert Ellis Orrall, Brian Maher, and Angelo Petraglia. "Taylor Swift" was released on October 24, 2006.

With "Our Song", Swift became the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the chart. "Teardrops on My Guitar" reached number thirteen on the "Billboard" Hot 100 songs chart in the United States. Swift also released the holiday album "" in October 2007 and the EP "Beautiful Eyes" in July 2008. She promoted her debut album extensively as the opening act for other artists on their tours.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Question: when was it released?

Answer: October 24, 2006

2004–2008: Career beginnings and "Taylor Swift"

Swift persuaded Big Machine to hire her demo producer Nathan Chapman, with whom she felt she had the right "chemistry". She wrote three of the album's songs alone, and co-wrote the remaining eight with Rose, Robert Ellis Orrall, Brian Maher, and Angelo Petraglia. "Taylor Swift" was released on October 24, 2006. Jon Caramanica of "The New York Times" described it as "a small masterpiece of pop-minded country, both wide-eyed and cynical, held together by Ms. Swift's firm, pleading voice." "Taylor Swift" peaked at number five on the "Billboard" 200 albums chart in the United States, spending 157 weeks there—the longest stay on the chart by any release in the U.S.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Question: what are some products she has endorsed?

Answer: Diet Coke, Keds sneakers, Instax camera, to name a few.

Explanation: She became a spokesmodel for Diet Coke, and Keds sneakers, released her third Elizabeth Arden fragrance, named Taylor by Taylor Swift, and continued her partnerships with Sony Electronics and American Greetings.

Taylor Swift [SEP] Product endorsements

While promoting "Reputation", Swift released a series of behind-the-scenes videos showing the album recording process through DirecTV. In 2018, Swift released two commercials for AT&T. The same year, Swift partnered with UPS as an official delivery partner for "Reputation" and Fujifilm on a special-edition autographed Instax camera, which includes a selfie-mode and double exposure. The cameras showed massive growth in sales after partnership with Swift. In 2019, Swift signed a multi-year partnership with Capital One, and released a sustainable fashion clothing line with Stella McCartney.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: what are some products she has endorsed?

Context: Diet Coke, Keds sneakers, Instax camera, to name a few.

Question: what is the first product mentioned here?

Answer: It is a sugar-free and no-calorie soft drink.

Diet Coke [SEP] Introduction

Diet Coke, Coca-Cola light or Light Taste Coca-Cola (in the Benelux and Germany) is a sugar-free and no-calorie soft drink produced and distributed by The Coca-Cola Company. It contains artificial sweeteners instead of sugar. Unveiled on July 8, 1982, and introduced in the United States on August 9, it was the first new brand since 1886 to use the Coca-Cola trademark. The product quickly overtook the company's existing diet cola, Tab, in sales.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: what is the first product mentioned here?

Context: It is a sugar-free and no-calorie soft drink.

Question: which company manufactures it?

Answer: The Coca-Cola Company

Diet Coke [SEP] Introduction


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Question: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Answer: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Diet Coke [SEP] Sweeteners

Diet Coke was sweetened with aspartame, an artificial sweetener, after the sweetener became available in the United States in 1983. Early on, to save money, this was also originally in a blend with saccharin. After Diet Rite cola advertised its 100 percent use of aspartame, and the manufacturer of NutraSweet (then G. D. Searle & Company) warned that the NutraSweet trademark would not be made available to a blend of sweeteners, Coca-Cola switched the formula to 100 percent aspartame. Diet Coke from fountain dispensers still contains some saccharin to extend shelf life. According to the Coca-Cola Company, "[t]he sweetener blend used for Diet Coke/Coca-Cola Light is formulated for each country based on consumer preference." In countries in which cyclamates are not banned (as they were in the US in 1970), Diet Coke or Coca-Cola Light may be sweetened with a blend containing aspartame, cyclamates, and acesulfame potassium.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Context: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Context: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Question: what exactly is this ingredient?

Answer: It is an artificial non-saccharide sweetener 200 times sweeter than sucrose.

Aspartame [SEP] Introduction

Aspartame is an artificial non-saccharide sweetener 200 times sweeter than sucrose, and is commonly used as a sugar substitute in foods and beverages. It is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide with the trade names "NutraSweet", "Equal", and "Canderel". Aspartame was first made in 1965 and approved for use in food products by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1981. Aspartame is one of the most rigorously tested food ingredients. Reviews by over 100 governmental regulatory bodies found the ingredient safe for consumption at current levels. As of 2018, several reviews of clinical trials showed that using aspartame in place of sugar reduces calorie intake and body weight in adults and children.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Context: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Context: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Context: what exactly is this ingredient?

Context: It is an artificial non-saccharide sweetener 200 times sweeter than sucrose.

Question: is it in any way harmful to humans?

Answer: It has been deemed safe for human consumption by over 100 regulatory agencies in their respective countries.

Aspartame [SEP] Safety and health effects

The safety of aspartame has been studied since its discovery and is one of the most rigorously tested food ingredients. Aspartame has been deemed safe for human consumption by over 100 regulatory agencies in their respective countries, including the United States Food and Drug Administration, UK Food Standards Agency, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Health Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. , reviews of clinical trials showed that using aspartame (or other non-nutritive sweeteners) in place of sugar reduces calorie intake and body weight in adults and children. A 2017 review of metabolic effects by consuming aspartame found that it did not affect blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, calorie intake, or body weight, while high-density lipoprotein levels were higher.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Context: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Context: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Context: what exactly is this ingredient?

Context: is it in any way harmful to humans?

Context: It has been deemed safe for human consumption by over 100 regulatory agencies in their respective countries.

Question: is there any particular company in holland that produces this?

Answer: Yes, the Holland Sweetener Company.

Aspartame [SEP] Holland Sweetener Company

A joint venture of DSM and Tosoh, the Holland Sweetener Company manufactured aspartame using the enzymatic process developed by Toyo Soda (Tosoh) and sold as the brand Sanecta. Additionally, they developed a combination aspartame-acesulfame salt under the brand name Twinsweet. They left the sweetener industry in late 2006, because "global aspartame markets are facing structural oversupply, which has caused worldwide strong price erosion over the last five years", making the business "persistently unprofitable".


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Context: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Context: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Context: what exactly is this ingredient?

Context: is it in any way harmful to humans?

Context: is there any particular company in holland that produces this?

Context: Yes, the Holland Sweetener Company.

Question: when was the soft-drinks company mentioned earlier founded?

Answer: 1892

The Coca-Cola Company [SEP] History

John Pemberton had taken a break and left Robinson to make and promote, as well as sell Coca-Cola on his own. He promoted the drink with the limited budget that he had, and succeeded. In 1889, American businessman Asa G. Candler completed his purchase of the Coca-Cola formula and brand from Pemberton's heirs. In 1892, the Coca-Cola Company was formally founded in Atlanta by Candler. By 1895, Coca-Cola was being sold in every state in the union. In 1919, the company was sold to Ernest Woodruff's Trust Company of Georgia. Coca-Cola's first ad read "Coca Cola. Delicious! Refreshing! Exhilarating! Invigorating!" Candler was one of the first businessmen to use merchandising in his advertising strategy.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Context: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Context: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Context: what exactly is this ingredient?

Context: is it in any way harmful to humans?

Context: Yes, the Holland Sweetener Company.

Context: when was the soft-drinks company mentioned earlier founded?

Question: who is the founder of it?

Answer: Asa Griggs Candler

The Coca-Cola Company [SEP] Introduction

The Coca-Cola Company is an American multinational beverage corporation headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. The Coca-Cola Company has interests in the manufacturing, retailing, and marketing of nonalcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups. The company produces Coca-Cola, invented in 1886 by pharmacist John Stith Pemberton. In 1889, the formula and brand were sold for $2,300 to Asa Griggs Candler, who incorporated The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta in 1892. The company—headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, but incorporated in Delaware—has operated a franchised distribution system since 1889. The Company largely produces syrup concentrate, which is then sold to various bottlers throughout the world who hold exclusive territories.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Context: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Context: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Context: what exactly is this ingredient?

Context: is it in any way harmful to humans?

Context: Yes, the Holland Sweetener Company.

Context: who is the founder of it?

Context: Asa Griggs Candler

Question: are they also associated with any movie company?

Answer: Yes, it bought Columbia Pictures.

The Coca-Cola Company [SEP] Columbia Pictures

Coca-Cola bought Columbia Pictures in 1982, owing to the low monetary value of the studio. The film company was the first and only studio ever owned by Coca-Cola. During its ownership of the studio, Columbia released many popular films including "Ghostbusters", "Stripes", "The Karate Kid", and some others. However, two years after the critical and commercial failure of the 1987 film "Ishtar", Columbia was spun-off and then sold to Tokyo-based Sony in 1989.


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Context: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Context: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Context: what exactly is this ingredient?

Context: is it in any way harmful to humans?

Context: Yes, the Holland Sweetener Company.

Context: who is the founder of it?

Context: Asa Griggs Candler

Context: are they also associated with any movie company?

Context: Yes, it bought Columbia Pictures.

Question: how do they manage their waste products?

Answer: They do not manage it in anyway. In fact, the company's global chief executive has admitted that Coca-Cola has no plans to reduce its use of plastic bottles.

The Coca-Cola Company [SEP] Plastic production and waste

The Coca-Cola Company is the world's largest producer of plastic waste, for two years in a row producing over 3 million tonnes of plastic packaging each year including 110 billion plastic bottles. The company's global chief executive has admitted that Coca-Cola has no plans to reduce its use of plastic bottles; in fact, the company has "quietly fought efforts" to reduce the amount of plastic waste it creates, partly by opposing bottle bill legislation. The head of sustainability Bea Perez has said they will continue to use plastic, claiming "customers like them because they reseal and are lightweight".


Context: In the year 2004, at the age of 14.

Context: what was her debut album called?

Context: "Taylor Swift"

Context: when was it released?

Context: October 24, 2006

Context: which company manufactures it?

Context: The Coca-Cola Company

Context: what are the ingredients in this drink?

Context: One of the ingredient was aspartame.

Context: what exactly is this ingredient?

Context: is it in any way harmful to humans?

Context: Yes, the Holland Sweetener Company.

Context: who is the founder of it?

Context: Asa Griggs Candler

Context: Yes, it bought Columbia Pictures.

Context: how do they manage their waste products?

Context: They do not manage it in anyway. In fact, the company's global chief executive has admitted that Coca-Cola has no plans to reduce its use of plastic bottles.

Question: does it have a stake in any other beverage company?

Answer: Yes, it purchased 16.7 percent stake in Monster Beverage Corp.

The Coca-Cola Company [SEP] Stake in Monster Beverage

It was announced on August 14, 2014, that Coca-Cola Co is making a cash payment of $2.15 billion for a 16.7 percent stake in Monster Beverage Corp to expand its market for energy drinks. Coke's ownership in Full Throttle and Burn will be transferred to Monster. In return, Monster will transfer its ownership in Hansen's Natural Sodas and Peace Iced Tea and Blue Sky Soda to The Coca-Cola Company. Muhtar Kent, Coke's former chief executive officer, stated that the company has the option to increase its stake to 25 percent but cannot exceed that percentage in the next four years.


Question: where does the pancreas secrete digestive enzymes into

Answer: Duodenum.

Pancreas [SEP] Introduction

The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates. In humans, it is located in the abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a gland. The pancreas has both an endocrine and a digestive exocrine function. As an endocrine gland, it functions mostly to regulate blood sugar levels, secreting the hormones insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. As a part of the digestive system, it functions as an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic juice into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct. This juice contains bicarbonate, which neutralizes acid entering the duodenum from the stomach; and digestive enzymes, which break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in food entering the duodenum from the stomach.


Context: where does the pancreas secrete digestive enzymes into

Context: Duodenum.

Question: what are the different diseases that affect this organ?

Answer: Pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, and pancreatic cancer.

Pancreas [SEP] Introduction

Inflammation of the pancreas is known as pancreatitis, with common causes including chronic alcohol use and gallstones. Because of its role in the regulation of blood sugar, the pancreas is also a key organ in diabetes mellitus. Pancreatic cancer can arise following chronic pancreatitis or due to other reasons, and carries a very poor prognosis, as it is often identified when it has spread to other areas of the body. The word pancreas comes from the Greek πᾶν (pân, “all”) & κρέας (kréas, “flesh”). The function of the pancreas in diabetes has been known since at least 1889, with its role in insulin production identified in 1921.


Context: Duodenum.

Context: what are the different diseases that affect this organ?

Context: Pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, and pancreatic cancer.

Question: what kind of stones tend to form in this organ?

Answer: Gallstones.

Explanation: nflammation of the pancreas is known as pancreatitis, with common causes including chronic alcohol use and gallstones.

Pancreas [SEP] Introduction


Context: Duodenum.

Context: what kind of stones tend to form in this organ?

Context: Gallstones.

Question: how are these formed?

Answer: It is formed out of precipitated bile components.

Gallstone [SEP] Introduction

A gallstone is a stone formed within the gallbladder out of precipitated bile components. The term cholelithiasis may refer to the presence of gallstones or to any disease caused by gallstones, and choledocholithiasis refers to presence of migrated gallstones within bile ducts. Most people with gallstones (about 80%) are asymptomatic. However, when a gallstone obstructs the bile duct and causes acute cholestasis, a reflexive smooth muscle spasm often occurs, resulting in an intense cramp-like visceral pain in the right upper part of the abdomen known as a biliary colic (or "gallbladder attack"). This happens in 1–4% of those with gallstones each year.


Context: Duodenum.

Context: Gallstones.

Context: how are these formed?

Context: It is formed out of precipitated bile components.

Question: what are the symptoms for this condition?

Answer: Pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and in some cases jaundice.

Explanation:
Gallstones, regardless of size or number, may be asymptomatic, even for years. Such "silent stones" do not require treatment. A characteristic symptom of a gallstone attack is the presence of colicky pain in the upper-right side of the abdomen, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The pain steadily increases for approximately 30 minutes to several hours. A person may also experience referred pain between the shoulder blades or below the right shoulder. Often, attacks occur after a particularly fatty meal and almost always happen at night, and after drinking.

In addition to pain, nausea, and vomiting, a person may experience a fever. If the stones block the duct and cause bilirubin to leak into the bloodstream and surrounding tissue, there may also be jaundice

Gallstone [SEP] Signs and symptoms


Context: Duodenum.

Context: Gallstones.

Context: how are these formed?

Context: what are the symptoms for this condition?

Context: Pain, nausea, vomiting, fever and in some cases jaundice.

Question: what different types of stones are there in this?

Answer: Cholesterol stones, mixed stones and pigment or bilirubin stones.

Gallstone [SEP] Cholesterol stones

Cholesterol stones vary from light yellow to dark green or brown or chalk white and are oval, usually solitary, between 2 and 3 cm long, each often having a tiny, dark, central spot. To be classified as such, they must be at least 80% cholesterol by weight (or 70%, according to the Japanese–classification system). Between 35% and 90% of stones are cholesterol stones.


Context: Duodenum.

Context: Gallstones.

Context: how are these formed?

Context: what different types of stones are there in this?

Context: Cholesterol stones, mixed stones and pigment or bilirubin stones.

Question: what causes the first type of stone?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Gallstone [SEP] Cholesterol stones


Context: Duodenum.

Context: Gallstones.

Context: how are these formed?

Context: what causes the first type of stone?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is this first component mentioned above?

Answer: It is a sterol , a type of lipid and is an essentiatl structural component of animal cell membranes.

Cholesterol [SEP] Introduction

Cholesterol (from the Ancient Greek "chole-" (bile) and "stereos" (solid), followed by the chemical suffix "-ol" for an alcohol) is an organic molecule. It is a sterol (or modified steroid), a type of lipid. Cholesterol is biosynthesized by all animal cells and is an essential structural component of animal cell membranes. Cholesterol also serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, bile acid and vitamin D. Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by all animals. In vertebrates, hepatic cells typically produce the greatest amounts. It is absent among prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), although there are some exceptions, such as "Mycoplasma", which require cholesterol for growth.


Context: Duodenum.

Context: Gallstones.

Context: how are these formed?

Context: what causes the first type of stone?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is this first component mentioned above?

Context: It is a sterol , a type of lipid and is an essentiatl structural component of animal cell membranes.

Question: how do we test it in the human body?

Answer: A blood sample after 12-hour fasting is taken by a doctor, or a home cholesterol-monitoring device is used to measure a lipid profile.

Cholesterol [SEP] Cholesterol testing

The American Heart Association recommends testing cholesterol every 4–6 years for people aged 20 years or older. A separate set of American Heart Association guidelines issued in 2013 indicates that patients taking statin medications should have their cholesterol tested 4–12 weeks after their first dose and then every 3–12 months thereafter. A blood sample after 12-hour fasting is taken by a doctor, or a home cholesterol-monitoring device is used to measure a lipid profile, an approach used to estimate a person's lipoproteins, the vastly more important issue because lipoproteins have always been concordant with outcomes though the lipid profile is commonly discordant LDL Particle Number and Risk of Future Cardiovascular Disease in the Framingham Offspring Study.


Context: Duodenum.

Context: Gallstones.

Context: how are these formed?

Context: what causes the first type of stone?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how do we test it in the human body?

Context: A blood sample after 12-hour fasting is taken by a doctor, or a home cholesterol-monitoring device is used to measure a lipid profile.

Question: what foods do we get this nutrient from?

Answer: Red meat, egg yolks and whole eggs, liver, kidney, giblets, fish oil, and butter.

Cholesterol [SEP] Dietary sources

Animal fats are complex mixtures of triglycerides, with lesser amounts of both the phospholipids and cholesterol molecules from which all animal (and human) cell membranes are constructed. Since all animal cells manufacture cholesterol, all animal-based foods contain cholesterol in varying amounts. Major dietary sources of cholesterol include red meat, egg yolks and whole eggs, liver, kidney, giblets, fish oil, and butter. Human breast milk also contains significant quantities of cholesterol. Plant cells synthesize cholesterol as a precursor for other compounds, such as phytosterols and steroidal glycoalkaloids, with cholesterol remaining in plant foods only in minor amounts or absent. Some plant foods, such as avocado, flax seeds and peanuts, contain phytosterols, which compete with cholesterol for absorption in the intestines, reduce the absorption of both dietary and bile cholesterol.


Context: Duodenum.

Context: Gallstones.

Context: how are these formed?

Context: what causes the first type of stone?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how do we test it in the human body?

Context: what foods do we get this nutrient from?

Context: Red meat, egg yolks and whole eggs, liver, kidney, giblets, fish oil, and butter.

Question: what other diseases is the second-last one associated with?

Answer: There are controversial and conflicting results between consumption of fish oil and prostrate cancer.

Explanation: The effect of fish oil consumption on prostate cancer is controversial, as one study showed decreased risk with higher blood levels of DPA, whereas another reported increased risk of more aggressive prostate cancer with higher blood levels of combined EPA and DHA. Some evidence indicated an association between high blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids and an increased prostate cancer risk.

Fish oil [SEP] Prostate cancer


Context: Duodenum.

Context: Gallstones.

Context: how are these formed?

Context: what causes the first type of stone?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how do we test it in the human body?

Context: what other diseases is the second-last one associated with?

Context: There are controversial and conflicting results between consumption of fish oil and prostrate cancer.

Question: what is used in the preparation of the last source mentioned above?

Answer: Milk of cows , sheep, goat, buffalo and yaks.

Explanation:
Butter is a dairy product made from the fat and protein components of milk or cream. It is a semi-solid emulsion at room temperature, consisting of approximately 80% butterfat. It is used at room temperature as a spread, melted as a condiment, and used as an ingredient in baking, sauce making, pan frying, and other cooking procedures.

Most frequently made from cow's milk, butter can also be manufactured from the milk of other mammals, including sheep, goats, buffalo, and yaks

Butter [SEP] Introduction

Rendering butter, removing the water and milk solids, produces clarified butter or "ghee", which is almost entirely butterfat. Butter is a water-in-oil emulsion resulting from an inversion of the cream, where the milk proteins are the emulsifiers. Butter remains a firm solid when refrigerated, but softens to a spreadable consistency at room temperature, and melts to a thin liquid consistency at . The density of butter is 911 grams per litre (0.950 lb per US pint). It generally has a pale yellow color, but varies from deep yellow to nearly white. Its natural, unmodified color is dependent on the source animal's feed and genetics, but the commercial manufacturing process commonly manipulates the color with food colorings like annatto or carotene.


Question: who are the original avengers in the movies

Answer: Tony Stark, Steve Rogers, Bruce Banner, and Thor.

Explanation: In the film, Nick Fury and the spy agency S.H.I.E.L.D. recruit Tony Stark, Steve Rogers, Bruce Banner, and Thor to form a team capable of stopping Thor's brother Loki from subjugating Earth.

The Avengers (2012 film) [SEP] Introduction

It grossed over $1.5 billion worldwide, setting numerous box office records and becoming the third-highest-grossing film of all time as well as the highest-grossing film of 2012. It is the first Marvel production to generate $1 billion in ticket sales. In 2017, "The Avengers" was featured as one of the 100 greatest films of all time in an "Empire" magazine poll. Three sequels have been released: "" (2015), "" (2018), and "" (2019).