Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: how is it operated?

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: The Pony Express announced its closure on October 26, 1861

Question: had they faced any attack during the mail delivery?

Answer: The Paiute War was a minor series of raids and ambushes initiated by American expansion into the territory of the Paiute Indian tribe in Nevada, which resulted in the disruption of mail services of the Pony Express.

Pony Express [SEP] Attacks

The Paiute War was a minor series of raids and ambushes initiated by American expansion into the territory of the Paiute Indian tribe in Nevada, which resulted in the disruption of mail services of the Pony Express. It took place from May through June 1860, though sporadic violence continued for a period afterward. In the brief history of the Pony Express, only once did the mail not go through. After completing eight weekly trips from both Sacramento and Saint Joseph, the Pony Express was forced to suspend mail services because of the outbreak of the Paiute Indian War in May 1860.


Context: where did the first pony express mail delivery take place

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: It was a mail service delivering messages, newspapers, and mail using relays of horse-mounted riders

Context: how is it operated?

Context: In 1860, the roughly 186 Pony Express stations were about apart along the Pony Express route. At each station stop, the express rider would change to a fresh horse, taking only the mail pouch called a "mochila" (from the Spanish for pouch or backpack) with him.  In emergencies, a given rider might ride two stages back to back, over 20 hours on a quickly moving horse.

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: can you mention the names of a few riders of the mail delivery system?

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: He was the first "official" westbound rider of the Pony Express.

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: had they faced any attack during the mail delivery?

Context: The Paiute War was a minor series of raids and ambushes initiated by American expansion into the territory of the Paiute Indian tribe in Nevada, which resulted in the disruption of mail services of the Pony Express.

Question: what type of horses were used for this?

Answer: California horses, native ponies,  Morgans, Mustangs

Pony Express [SEP] Horses

Horses of the Pony Express were purchased in Missouri, Iowa, California, and some western U.S. territories. The various types of horse ridden by riders of the Pony Express included Morgans and thoroughbreds, which were often used on the eastern end of the trail. Mustangs were often used on the western (more rugged) end of the mail route.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: how is it operated?

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: what type of horses were used for this?

Context: California horses, native ponies,  Morgans, Mustangs

Question: what are the features of the last one?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Pony Express [SEP] Horses

At the west end of the Pony Express route in California, W.W. Finney purchased 100 head of short-coupled stock called "California horses", while A.B. Miller purchased another 200 native ponies in and around the Great Salt Lake Valley. The horses were ridden quickly between stations, an average distance of , and then were relieved and a fresh horse was exchanged for the one that just arrived from its strenuous run. During his route of , a Pony Express rider would change horses 8 to 10 times. The horses were ridden at a fast trot, canter, or gallop, around and at times they were driven to full gallop at speeds up to .


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: how is it operated?

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: what type of horses were used for this?

Context: what are the features of the last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: how is this system remembered?

Answer: In 1869, the United States Post Office issued the first U.S. postage stamp to depict an actual historic event, and the subject chosen was the Pony Express. The National Pony Express Association is a nonprofit, volunteer-led historical organization. Its purpose is to preserve the original Pony Express trail and to continue the memory and importance of Pony Express

Pony Express [SEP] Commemorations

In 1869, the United States Post Office issued the first U.S. postage stamp to depict an actual historic event, and the subject chosen was the Pony Express. Until then, only the faces of George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and Andrew Jackson were found on the face of U.S. postage. Sometimes mistaken for an actual stamp used by the Pony Express, the "Pony Express Stamp" issue was released in 1869 (8 years after the Pony Express service had ended) to honor the men who rode the long and sometimes dangerous journeys and to commemorate the service they provided for the nation.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: how is it operated?

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: what type of horses were used for this?

Context: what are the features of the last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is this system remembered?

Context: In 1869, the United States Post Office issued the first U.S. postage stamp to depict an actual historic event, and the subject chosen was the Pony Express. The National Pony Express Association is a nonprofit, volunteer-led historical organization. Its purpose is to preserve the original Pony Express trail and to continue the memory and importance of Pony Express

Question: when was the association mentioned founded?

Answer: 1960

National Pony Express Association [SEP] History and organization

The first re-ride of the Pony Express was held in 1923. 60 participants rode across the eight states that had originally made up the Pony Express trail: California, Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas, and Missouri., In April through October 1935, a Pony Express re-ride was held to commemorate the Pony Express' Diamond Jubilee. This date coincided the 25th anniversary of the establishment of the Boy Scouts of America and 300 Boy Scouts were participants. Pieces of mail carried by the riders were delivered to President Franklin D. Roosevelt during a ceremony held on the White House lawn. The National Pony Express Centennial Association was created in 1960 and worked with committees within each of the trail states to organize and conduct a 100th anniversary re-ride.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: how is it operated?

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: what type of horses were used for this?

Context: what are the features of the last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is this system remembered?

Context: when was the association mentioned founded?

Question: is the system mentioned in any form of art?

Answer: In Buffalo Bill Cody's autobiographies, and his Wild West Show.

Pony Express [SEP] In popular culture

The continued remembrance and popularity of the Pony Express can be linked to Buffalo Bill Cody, his autobiographies, and his Wild West Show. The first book dedicated solely to the Pony Express was not published until 1900. However, in his first autobiography, published in 1879, Cody claims to have been an Express rider. While this claim has recently come under dispute, his show became the "primary keeper of the pony legend" when it premiered as a scene in the Wild West Show.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: how is it operated?

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: what type of horses were used for this?

Context: what are the features of the last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is this system remembered?

Context: is the system mentioned in any form of art?

Context: In Buffalo Bill Cody's autobiographies, and his Wild West Show.

Question: who is this aforesaid person?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Pony Express [SEP] In popular culture


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: how is it operated?

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: what type of horses were used for this?

Context: what are the features of the last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is this system remembered?

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what characteristics does the penultimate type of horse mentioned?

Answer: The Morgan is a compact, refined breed, generally bay, black or chestnut in color, although they come in many colors, including several variations of pinto.

Morgan horse [SEP] Introduction

In 1907, the US Department of Agriculture established the US Morgan Horse Farm near Middlebury, Vermont for the purpose of perpetuating and improving the Morgan breed; the farm was later transferred to the University of Vermont.The first breed registry was established in 1909, and since then many organizations in the US, Europe and Oceania have developed. There were estimated to be over 175,000 Morgan horses worldwide in 2005. The Morgan is a compact, refined breed, generally bay, black or chestnut in color, although they come in many colors, including several variations of pinto. Used in both English and Western disciplines, the breed is known for its versatility.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what is it?

Context: how is it operated?

Context: when did they start it?

Context: April 3, 1860

Context: which are some of the main stations?

Context: Platte Bridge Station

Context: where is it located?

Context: Wyoming

Context: Johnny Fry , Billy Richardson

Context: who was the former?

Context: when did they stop it's operations?

Context: what type of horses were used for this?

Context: what are the features of the last one?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: how is this system remembered?

Context: who is this aforesaid person?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what characteristics does the penultimate type of horse mentioned?

Context: The Morgan is a compact, refined breed, generally bay, black or chestnut in color, although they come in many colors, including several variations of pinto.

Question: is it used for military purposes?

Answer: Morgans were used as cavalry mounts by both sides in the American Civil War.

Morgan horse [SEP] Military use

Morgans were used as cavalry mounts by both sides in the American Civil War. Horses with Morgan roots included Sheridan's Winchester, also known as Rienzi, (a descendant of Black Hawk). Stonewall Jackson's "Little Sorrel" has alternately been described as a Morgan or an American Saddlebred, a breed heavily influenced by the Morgan. While Morgan enthusiasts have stated that the horse Comanche, the only survivor of the Custer regiment after the Battle of the Little Big Horn, was either a Morgan or a Mustang/Morgan mix, records of the U.S. Army and other early sources do not support this. Most accounts state that Comanche was either of "Mustang lineage" or a mix of "American" and "Spanish" blood.


Question: who wrote footprints in the sand by leona lewis

Answer: Simon Cowell, David Kreuger, Per Magnusson, Richard Page

Footprints in the Sand (Leona Lewis song) [SEP] Introduction

"Footprints in the Sand" is a song recorded by British singer Leona Lewis for her debut studio album "Spirit" (2007). It was written by Simon Cowell, David Kreuger, Per Magnusson, Richard Page, and produced by Steve Mac. The song was digitally released as Lewis's third single on 9 March 2008 in the United Kingdom. Sony BMG and Syco Music launched it as a double A-side with "Better in Time", and "You Bring Me Down" as the B-side. It is a R&B and pop song composed with a tempo of sixty beats per minute. It was written in a period of one day at Page's home in Malibu, California, with Cowell giving the idea to base it on the Christian poem "Footprints".


Context: who wrote footprints in the sand by leona lewis

Context: Simon Cowell, David Kreuger, Per Magnusson, Richard Page

Question: when did it release ?

Answer: 9 March 2008

Footprints in the Sand (Leona Lewis song)

Explanation: 9 March 2008

The single's music video was filmed by British director Sophie Muller in Johannesburg, South Africa. The video describes social problems within the city, but ends with a message of hope. "Footprints in the Sand" became the official theme of the 2008 version of biennial charity programme Sport Relief, by BBC. The song received positive reviews from music critics, some of them noting its gospel sounds and Lewis's vocals being compared to American R&B singer Mariah Carey. "Footprints in the Sand" charted as a separate single in Ireland, the United Kingdom and the European Hot 100 Singles, whilst the double A-side appeared in Germany and Switzerland, and was certified gold in the UK by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), in 2008.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Question: who sang it ?

Answer: Leona Lewis

Footprints in the Sand (Leona Lewis song)

Explanation: Leona Lewis


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Question: what critical reception it received ?

Answer: It received generally positive reviews by music critics, with some of them comparing Lewis's performance to other singers such as Mariah Carey and Christina Aguilera.

Footprints in the Sand (Leona Lewis song) [SEP] Critical response

Upon the release of "Spirit", "Footprints in the Sand" received generally positive reviews by music critics, with some of them comparing Lewis's performance to other singers such as Mariah Carey and Christina Aguilera. In his review of the album, Chris Elwell-Sutton of the "Evening Standard" commented that the song would be perfect as a "theme to a Disney movie". Whilst reviewing "Spirit", Chad Grischow of IGN Music described "Footprints in the Sand", along with "Here I Am", as a "sleeper ballad". Lyndsey Winship, a reviewer from BBC Music, noted that the song "is a piano warbler that brings Leona's voice to the forefront".


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: It received generally positive reviews by music critics, with some of them comparing Lewis's performance to other singers such as Mariah Carey and Christina Aguilera.

Question: how did it perform on the charts ?

Answer: It reached the position seventy-three on the European Hot 100 Singles. In November 2007, the song debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number sixty-five, staying on the chart for another week.

Explanation: eaching position seventy-three on the European Hot 100 Singles. In November 2007, the song debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number sixty-five, staying on the chart for another week.

Footprints in the Sand (Leona Lewis song) [SEP] Chart performance

The double A-side "Better in Time" and "Footprints in the Sand" debuted at number seventy-four on the UK Singles Chart on 1 March 2008. After selling 40,476 copies it peaked at number two on 22 March 2008, the same week "Footprints in the Sand" debuted in the top forty. It was Lewis's third single to reach the top five in the UK. It was certified as gold by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) on 16 January 2009. The single debuted on the German Singles Chart on 16 June 2008 at number five, and reached its peak position, at number two, on 28 July 2008.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: It reached the position seventy-three on the European Hot 100 Singles. In November 2007, the song debuted on the UK Singles Chart at number sixty-five, staying on the chart for another week.

Question: who sang this song ?

Answer: Leona Lewis

Footprints in the Sand (Leona Lewis song)

Explanation: Leona Lewis


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Question: who is she ?

Answer: She  is a British singer, songwriter, actress, model and activist.

Leona Lewis [SEP] Introduction

Leona Louise Lewis (born 3 April 1985) is a British singer, songwriter, actress, model and activist. She was born and raised in the London Borough of Islington, where she attended the BRIT School for Performing Arts and Technology. Lewis achieved national recognition when she won the third series of "The X Factor" in 2006, winning a £1 million recording contract with Simon Cowell's record label, Syco Music. Her winner's single, a cover of Kelly Clarkson's "A Moment Like This", peaked at number one for four weeks on the UK Singles Chart and broke a world record for reaching 50,000 digital downloads within 30 minutes.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: She  is a British singer, songwriter, actress, model and activist.

Question: where was she born ?

Answer: Islington, London, England

Explanation: Islington, London, England,

Leona Lewis [SEP] Early life

Leona Louise Lewis was born on 3 April 1985, in Islington, London, England, to a Welsh mother and a father of Guyanese descent. She has an older half-brother, Bradley, and a younger brother, Kyle. Noticing Lewis's passion for singing, her parents enrolled her at the Sylvia Young Theatre School and later at the Italia Conti Academy of Theatre Arts, the Ravenscourt Theatre School and the BRIT School for Performing Arts and Technology until they could no longer afford to do so, making cutbacks when necessary to help their daughter achieve her aspiration of being a singer.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Question: did she take part in any show ?

Answer: Yes,  the third series of "The X Factor"

Explanation: Lewis achieved national recognition when she won the third series of "The X Factor"

Leona Lewis [SEP] Introduction


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: Yes,  the third series of "The X Factor"

Question: name some of her other songs ?

Answer: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Explanation: "Bleeding Love"

Leona Lewis [SEP] 2007–2008: "Spirit" and international breakthrough

The album again went to number one in the UK Albums Chart. The album has sold over 9 million copies worldwide and has a 9× platinum certification in the UK where it is the fourth best-selling album of the 2000s decade. Lewis's second single, "Bleeding Love", produced by Ryan Tedder and written by Tedder and Jesse McCartney, was released in October 2007 in the UK, where it sold 218,805 copies in its first week, giving it the biggest first-week sales of 2007 to date. It entered the UK Singles Chart at number one, where it stayed for seven weeks, and in the Irish Singles Chart, it remained at number one for eight weeks.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: name some of her other songs ?

Context: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Question: is she married ?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

In February 2007, Lewis signed a £5 million (US$9.7 million) five-album contract in the United States with Clive Davis's record label, J Records, and showcased for several American music executives. A press release described how Cowell and Davis would work together in a "first-of-its-kind" partnership on both the song and producer selection for Lewis's debut album, "Spirit". Lewis recorded tracks for the album in London, Miami, Los Angeles, New York City and Atlanta, where she worked with several songwriters and record producers including Dallas Austin, Walter Afanasieff, Salaam Remi, Steve Mac, Stargate and Ne-Yo. It was released in November 2007 and entered both the Irish Albums Chart and the UK Albums Chart at number one, becoming the fastest-selling debut album in both countries, and the United Kingdom's fourth fastest selling album of all time.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: name some of her other songs ?

Context: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Context: is she married ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: is she involved in any activism ?

Answer: Lewis was announced as the new brand activist for The Body Shop. She has also shown support for Little Kids Rock, a non-profit organization that works to restore and revitalize music education in disadvantaged US public schools, by donating items for auction to raise money for the organization.

Explanation: Lewis was announced as the new brand activist for The Body Shop. She has also shown support for Little Kids Rock, a non-profit organization that works to restore and revitalize music education in disadvantaged US public schools, by donating items for auction to raise money for the organization.

Leona Lewis [SEP] Activism and other activities

Lewis signed a modelling contract with Wilhelmina Models in 2017. That year, she became Ambassador of MTV Staying Alive to "empower and educate the new generation" in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Lewis and MTV Staying Alive partnered with Kiehl's to create a Creamy Eye Treatment, with £10 from every product sold going towards educating young people in preventing HIV/AIDS. In 2018, she designed Christmas themed jumpers with Hopefield Animal Sanctuary, with all net profits going towards the charity. Moreover, she supports (RED)'s Global Fund to end AIDS, and in association with the app Calm contributed narration of a sleep story, thus providing 100,000 people with life-saving HIV medication.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: name some of her other songs ?

Context: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Context: is she married ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is she involved in any activism ?

Context: Lewis was announced as the new brand activist for The Body Shop. She has also shown support for Little Kids Rock, a non-profit organization that works to restore and revitalize music education in disadvantaged US public schools, by donating items for auction to raise money for the organization.

Question: what is the shop you mentioned above ?

Answer: It  is a British cosmetics, skin care and perfume company.

The Body Shop [SEP] Introduction

The Body Shop International Limited, trading as The Body Shop, is a British cosmetics, skin care and perfume company. Founded in 1976 by Dame Anita Roddick, the company currently has a range of 1,000 products sold in about 3,000 stores, divided between those owned by the company and franchised outlets in more than 65 countries. Originally trading from Brighton, the company is now based in London Bridge and Littlehampton, West Sussex, and is owned by Brazilian cosmetics company Natura as a subsidiary of the Natura & Co group. The company had been owned by the French cosmetics company L'Oréal between 2006 and 2017.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: name some of her other songs ?

Context: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Context: is she married ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is she involved in any activism ?

Context: what is the shop you mentioned above ?

Context: It  is a British cosmetics, skin care and perfume company.

Question: do they have any foundation ?

Answer: Yes, The Body Shop Foundation   which supports innovative global projects working in the areas of human and civil rights and environmental and animal protection.

The Body Shop [SEP] The Body Shop Foundation

The Roddicks founded The Body Shop Foundation in 1990, which supports innovative global projects working in the areas of human and civil rights and environmental and animal protection. It is The Body Shop International's charitable trust funded by annual donations from the company and through various fundraising initiatives. The Body Shop Foundation was formed to consolidate all the charitable donations made by the company. To date, The Body Shop Foundation has donated over £24 million sterling in grants. The Foundation regularly gives gift-in-kind support to various projects and organisations such as Children On The Edge (COTE). Approximately 65% of the grants that the company funds come to nominations from the staff, consultants or franchisers attached to the company from all over the world.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: name some of her other songs ?

Context: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Context: is she married ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is she involved in any activism ?

Context: what is the shop you mentioned above ?

Context: do they have any foundation ?

Context: Yes, The Body Shop Foundation   which supports innovative global projects working in the areas of human and civil rights and environmental and animal protection.

Question: di they have any policy on animal testing ?

Answer: They campaigned to end animal testing in cosmetics alongside animal cruelty NGO Cruelty-Free International since 1989. The company's products are non-animal tested and are certified cruelty-free by Cruelty Free International’s Leaping Bunny.

Explanation: The Body Shop has campaigned to end animal testing in cosmetics alongside animal cruelty NGO Cruelty-Free International since 1989. The company's products are non-animal tested and are certified cruelty-free by Cruelty Free International’s Leaping Bunny.

The Body Shop [SEP] Policy on animal testing

The campaign aims to receive 8 million signatures to present to the United Nations, to call for a global ban on animal testing in cosmetics. By the end of 2018, the petition had reached 8.3 million signatures and was taken to the United Nations.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: name some of her other songs ?

Context: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Context: is she married ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is she involved in any activism ?

Context: what is the shop you mentioned above ?

Context: do they have any foundation ?

Context: di they have any policy on animal testing ?

Context: They campaigned to end animal testing in cosmetics alongside animal cruelty NGO Cruelty-Free International since 1989. The company's products are non-animal tested and are certified cruelty-free by Cruelty Free International’s Leaping Bunny.

Question: any controversies ?

Answer: The September 1994 investigative article "Shattered Image: Is The Body Shop Too Good to Be True?," written by Jon Entine and published in "Business Ethics" magazine, created an international controversy and led to dozens of stories in the international media

The Body Shop [SEP] Controversies

The September 1994 investigative article "Shattered Image: Is The Body Shop Too Good to Be True?," written by Jon Entine and published in "Business Ethics" magazine, created an international controversy and led to dozens of stories in the international media, including articles on "The New York Times"' business section front page and on "ABC World News Tonight". A flurry of news reports led to a temporary 50% drop in the market value of the stock of the company, which until that point had been considered a model "socially responsible" company. Entine reported that Anita Roddick, founder of The Body Shop International in the UK, had stolen the name, store design, marketing concept and most product line ideas from "The Body Shop" founded in 1970 in Berkeley, California by Peggy Short and Jane Saunders who started the French-style perfume store, where customers could do their own blending.


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: name some of her other songs ?

Context: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Context: is she married ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is she involved in any activism ?

Context: what is the shop you mentioned above ?

Context: do they have any foundation ?

Context: any controversies ?

Context: The September 1994 investigative article "Shattered Image: Is The Body Shop Too Good to Be True?," written by Jon Entine and published in "Business Ethics" magazine, created an international controversy and led to dozens of stories in the international media

Question: name few of their products ?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

The Body Shop [SEP] Controversies


Context: when did it release ?

Context: 9 March 2008

Context: who sang it ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: what critical reception it received ?

Context: how did it perform on the charts ?

Context: who sang this song ?

Context: Leona Lewis

Context: who is she ?

Context: where was she born ?

Context: Islington, London, England

Context: did she take part in any show ?

Context: name some of her other songs ?

Context: "Bleeding Love",  "Forgive Me"

Context: is she married ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: is she involved in any activism ?

Context: what is the shop you mentioned above ?

Context: do they have any foundation ?

Context: any controversies ?

Context: name few of their products ?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: where is their headquarters located ?

Answer: London Bridge and Littlehampton, West Sussex

Explanation: London Bridge and Littlehampton, West Sussex

The Body Shop [SEP] Introduction


Question: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Answer: One to three

Red-tailed hawk [SEP] Eggs

A clutch of one to three eggs is laid in March or April, depending upon latitude, with four eggs being uncommon and five and perhaps even six increasingly rare. Clutch size depends almost exclusively on the availability of prey for the adults. At the species level, body size also determines clutch size. For example, while the total clutch weighs up to 18% of the females weight and the clutch size averages 2 to 3, a larger raptor like the golden eagle lays a smaller clutch, usually not more than two, that weighs less than 10% in total of the female's body mass, whereas a smaller raptor like the kestrel lays a larger clutch averaging five that weighs 50% of the females weight.


Context:
how many chicks do red tail hawks have
One to three

Question: how did this bird get its name?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Red-tailed hawk [SEP] Eggs

In most of the interior contiguous United States the first egg is laid between mid-March and early April, ranging from 3 to 5 weeks after the nest is constructed, with the clutch completed 2 to 5 days after the initial egg is laid. The average date of the laying the first egg can be variable: peaking mid-January in Puerto Rico, averaging 9 March in Arizona, 26 March in the Front Range Urban Corridor and 1 May in Alberta. The mean initiation of clutches may bump weeks later if or more of snow is still on the ground in Wisconsin during March.


Context:
how many chicks do red tail hawks have
One to three
how did this bird get its name?
UNANSWERABLE

Question: are there other species under this main category?

Answer: Yes. There may be at least 14 recognized subspecies

Red-tailed hawk [SEP] Subspecies

There may be at least 14 recognized subspecies of "Buteo jamaicensis", which vary in range and in coloration. However, not all authors accept every subspecies, particularly some of the insular races of the tropics (which differ only slightly in some cases from the nearest mainland forms) and particularly the Krider's hawks, by far the most controversial red-tailed hawk race as few authors agree on its suitability as a full-fledged subspecies.


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are there other species under this main category?

Context: Yes. There may be at least 14 recognized subspecies

Question: what do its eggs look like?

Answer: The eggs of red-tailed hawks are mostly white, sometimes with a faint buffy wash; at times the eggs manifest a sparsely or heavily marked with blotches of buff, pale reddish-brown, dark brown, or purple

Red-tailed hawk [SEP] Eggs

Average clutch size vary from 1.96 in Alaska when prey populations were low up to 2.96 in Washington. Eggs are laid approximately every other day. Average egg sizes in height and width (each with a sample size of 20) are in the following subspecies- "B. j. borealis": ; "B. j. calurus": ; "B. j. fuertesi": . The eggs of red-tailed hawks are mostly white, sometimes with a faint buffy wash; at times the eggs manifest a sparsely or heavily marked with blotches of buff, pale reddish-brown, dark brown, or purple. The markings often appear indistinctly and may combine to form a fine speckling.


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: The eggs of red-tailed hawks are mostly white, sometimes with a faint buffy wash; at times the eggs manifest a sparsely or heavily marked with blotches of buff, pale reddish-brown, dark brown, or purple

Question: which regions are these found?

Answer: Most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies

Red-tailed hawk [SEP] Introduction

The red-tailed hawk ("Buteo jamaicensis") is a bird of prey that breeds throughout most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies. It is one of the most common members within the genus of "Buteo" in North America or worldwide. The red-tailed hawk is one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the "chickenhawk", though it rarely preys on standard-sized chickens. The bird is sometimes also referred to as the red-tail for short, when the meaning is clear in context. Red-tailed hawks can acclimate to all the biomes within their range, occurring on the edges of non-ideal habitats such as dense forests and sandy deserts.


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: which regions are these found?

Context: Most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies

Question: where did the last place get its name from?

Answer: Europeans began to use the term "West Indies" to distinguish this region from both the original "Indies" (i.e. India) and the "East Indies" of South Asia and Southeast Asia

West Indies [SEP] Origin and use of the term

In 1492, Christopher Columbus became the first European to record his arrival at the islands, where he is believed by historians to have first set foot on land in The Bahamas. After the first of the voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas, Europeans began to use the term "West Indies" to distinguish this region from both the original ""Indies"" (i.e. India) and the "East Indies" of South Asia and Southeast Asia. Tulane University professor Rosanne Adderly says: [T]he phrase "West Indies" distinguished the territories encountered by Columbus or and claimed by Spain from discovery claims by other powers in [Asia's] "East Indies"...


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: which regions are these found?

Context: where did the last place get its name from?

Context: Europeans began to use the term "West Indies" to distinguish this region from both the original "Indies" (i.e. India) and the "East Indies" of South Asia and Southeast Asia

Question: from which place to which does this area stretch?

Answer: All the islands in the Antilles, plus The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands, which are in the North Atlantic Ocean

West Indies [SEP] Introduction

The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles, and the Lucayan Archipelago. The subregion includes all the islands in the Antilles, plus The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands, which are in the North Atlantic Ocean. Nowadays, the term West Indies is often interchangeable with the term Caribbean, although the latter may also include some North and South American mainland countries which have Caribbean coastlines.


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: which regions are these found?

Context: from which place to which does this area stretch?

Context: All the islands in the Antilles, plus The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands, which are in the North Atlantic Ocean

Question: when did the second place get its independence?

Answer: 10 July 1973

The Bahamas [SEP] Post-Second World War

In 1968, Pindling announced that The Bahamas would seek full independence. A new constitution giving The Bahamas increased control over its own affairs was adopted in 1968. In 1971, the UBP merged with a disaffected faction of the PLP to form a new party, the Free National Movement (FNM), a de-racialised, centre-right party which aimed to counter the growing power of Pindling's PLP. The British House of Lords voted to give The Bahamas its independence on 22 June 1973. Prince Charles delivered the official documents to Prime Minister Lynden Pindling, officially declaring The Bahamas a fully independent nation on 10 July 1973, and this date is now celebrated as the country's Independence Day.


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: which regions are these found?

Context: when did the second place get its independence?

Context: 10 July 1973

Question: which country was colonizing them prior to that?

Answer: Britain

Explanation: The British House of Lords voted to give The Bahamas its independence on 22 June 1973.

The Bahamas [SEP] Post-Second World War


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: which regions are these found?

Context: 10 July 1973

Context: which country was colonizing them prior to that?

Context: Britain

Question: what is the flower that represents this place?

Answer: Yellow elder

The Bahamas [SEP] National flower

The yellow elder was chosen as the national flower of The Bahamas because it is native to the Bahama islands, and it blooms throughout the year. Selection of the yellow elder over many other flowers was made through the combined popular vote of members of all four of New Providence's garden clubs of the 1970s—the Nassau Garden Club, the Carver Garden Club, the International Garden Club and the YWCA Garden Club. They reasoned that other flowers grown there—such as the bougainvillea, hibiscus and poinciana—had already been chosen as the national flowers of other countries. The yellow elder, on the other hand, was unclaimed by other countries (although it is now also the national flower of the United States Virgin Islands) and also the yellow elder is native to the family islands.


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: which regions are these found?

Context: 10 July 1973

Context: Britain

Context: what is the flower that represents this place?

Context: Yellow elder

Question: is this a popular tourist spot?

Answer: Yes. It relies heavily on tourism to generate most of its economic activity

The Bahamas [SEP] Tourism

The Bahamas relies heavily on tourism to generate most of its economic activity. Tourism as an industry not only accounts for about 50% of the Bahamian GDP, but also provides jobs for about half of the country's workforce. The Bahamas attracted 5.8 million visitors in 2012, more than 70% of whom were cruise visitors.


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: which regions are these found?

Context: 10 July 1973

Context: Britain

Context: Yellow elder

Context: is this a popular tourist spot?

Context: Yes. It relies heavily on tourism to generate most of its economic activity

Question: do a lot of tourists also visit the third island mentioned earlier?

Answer: Yes. Tourism is one of the largest sources of income for the islands

Turks and Caicos Islands [SEP] Tourism

Tourism is one of the largest sources of income for the islands, with most visitors coming from America via ship. Tourist arrivals had risen to 264,887 in 2007 and to 351,498 by 2009. In 2010, a total of 245 cruise ships arrived at the Grand Turk Cruise Terminal, carrying a total of 617,863 visitors. The government is pursuing a two-pronged strategy to increase tourism. Upmarket resorts are aimed at the wealthy, while a large new cruise ship port and recreation centre has been built for the masses visiting Grand Turk. Turks and Caicos Islands has one of the longest coral reefs in the world and the world's only conch farm.


Context: how many chicks do red tail hawks have

Context: One to three

Context: how did this bird get its name?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what do its eggs look like?

Context: which regions are these found?

Context: 10 July 1973

Context: Britain

Context: Yellow elder

Context: is this a popular tourist spot?

Context: do a lot of tourists also visit the third island mentioned earlier?

Context: Yes. Tourism is one of the largest sources of income for the islands

Question: what are the different ethnicities found here?

Answer: African, European, Mixed, East Indian

Turks and Caicos Islands [SEP] Demographics

The total fertility rate was 3.25 children born per woman. The annual population growth rate is 2.82%. "The CIA World Factbook" breaks down the islanders' ethnicity as African 87%, European 7.9%, Mixed 2.5.%, East Indian 1.3% and Other 0.7%. There is a small Haitian community on the islands.


Question: where is jordan located in the middle east

Answer: On the Levant region of Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River

Jordan [SEP] Introduction

Jordan (; tr. ' ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (; tr. '), is an Arab country in the Levant region of Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south and the east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north, and Israel and Palestine (West Bank) to the west. The Dead Sea is located along its western borders and the country has a coastline on the Red Sea in its extreme south-west. Jordan is strategically located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa and Europe. The capital, Amman, is Jordan's most populous city as well as the country's economic, political and cultural centre.


Context: where is jordan located in the middle east

Context: On the Levant region of Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River

Question: which ethnic group can you find here?

Answer: Arabs, Circassians, Armenians, and Chechens

Explanation: Arabs make up about 98% of the population. The remaining 2% consist largely of peoples from the Caucasus including Circassians, Armenians, and Chechens, along with smaller minority groups. About 84.1% of the population live in urban areas.

Jordan [SEP] Demographics

The 2015 census showed Jordan's population to be 9,531,712 (Female: 47%; Males: 53%). Around 2.9 million (30%) were non-citizens, a figure including refugees, and illegal immigrants. There were 1,977,534 households in Jordan in 2015, with an average of 4.8 persons per household (compared to 6.7 persons per household for the census of 1979). The capital and largest city of Jordan is Amman, which is one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities and one of the most modern in the Arab world. The population of Amman was 65,754 in 1946, but exceeded 4 million by 2015. Arabs make up about 98% of the population.


Context: which ethnic group can you find here?

Context: Arabs, Circassians, Armenians, and Chechens

Question: are there any prominent museums?

Answer: The Jordan Museum, The Children's Museum Jordan, The Martyr's Memorial and Museum and the Royal Automobile Museum

Explanation: The largest museum in Jordan is The Jordan Museum. It contains much of the valuable archaeological findings in the country, including some of the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Neolithic limestone statues of 'Ain Ghazal and a copy of the Mesha Stele. Most museums in Jordan are located in Amman including The Children's Museum Jordan, The Martyr's Memorial and Museum and the Royal Automobile Museum. Museums outside Amman include the Aqaba Archaeological Museum. The Jordan National Gallery of Fine Arts is a major contemporary art museum located in Amman.

Jordan [SEP] Art and museums

Most museums in Jordan are located in Amman including The Children's Museum Jordan, The Martyr's Memorial and Museum and the Royal Automobile Museum. Museums outside Amman include the Aqaba Archaeological Museum. The Jordan National Gallery of Fine Arts is a major contemporary art museum located in Amman. Music in Jordan is now developing with a lot of new bands and artists, who are now popular in the Middle East. Artists such as Omar Al-Abdallat, Toni Qattan, Diana Karazon and Hani Mitwasi have increased the popularity of Jordanian music. The Jerash Festival is an annual music event that features popular Arab singers.


Context: which ethnic group can you find here?

Context: are there any prominent museums?

Context: The Jordan Museum, The Children's Museum Jordan, The Martyr's Memorial and Museum and the Royal Automobile Museum

Question: what artifacts are kept at the first museum?

Answer: 'Ain Ghazal lime plaster statues, Copper Scroll from the Dead Sea Scrolls, a copy of Mesha Stele

The Jordan Museum [SEP] Major artifacts

The museum hosts animal bones dating back to 1.5 million years, 'Ain Ghazal lime plaster statues, Copper Scroll from the Dead Sea Scrolls, a copy of Mesha Stele. The Mesha Stele is a large black basalt stone that was erected in Moab and was inscribed by Moabite king Mesha, in which he lauds himself for the building projects that he initiated in Moab (modern day Al-Karak) and commemorates his glory and victory against the Israelites. The stele constitutes one of the most important direct accounts of biblical history. The original Mesha Stele is on display at the French Louvre Museum and Jordan has been constantly demanding return.


Context: which ethnic group can you find here?

Context: are there any prominent museums?

Context: what artifacts are kept at the first museum?

Context: 'Ain Ghazal lime plaster statues, Copper Scroll from the Dead Sea Scrolls, a copy of Mesha Stele

Question: when was the last mentioned museum established?

Answer: 2003

Royal Automobile Museum [SEP] History

Located next to the Al Hussein Public Parks, the museum was established in 2003 upon King Abdullah's wishes. The museum showcases a rare collection of Jordan's vehicles ranging from Hussein bin Ali's cars that came to Amman in 1916 to modern sports cars. The museum has the rover used in filming of Hollywood's movie "The Martian", which used Jordan's UNESCO world heritage site Wadi Rum as the backdrop for the Martian scenes. The rover was gifted to Jordan in return for the hospitality with which Jordan received the movie cast and crew.


Context: which ethnic group can you find here?

Context: are there any prominent museums?

Context: when was the last mentioned museum established?

Question: what collection does it have?

Answer: Jordan's vehicles ranging from Hussein bin Ali's cars, the rover used in filming of "The Martian", etc

Explanation:
The museum showcases a rare collection of Jordan's vehicles ranging from Hussein bin Ali's cars that came to Amman in 1916 to modern sports cars.

The museum has the rover used in filming of Hollywood's movie "The Martian", which used Jordan's UNESCO world heritage site Wadi Rum as the backdrop for the Martian scenes.

Royal Automobile Museum [SEP] History


Context: which ethnic group can you find here?

Context: are there any prominent museums?

Context: what collection does it have?

Context: Jordan's vehicles ranging from Hussein bin Ali's cars, the rover used in filming of "The Martian", etc

Question: who is this person that you just mentioned?

Answer: Arab leader from the Banu Hashim clan

Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca [SEP] Introduction

Hussein bin Ali Al-Hashimi (, "al-Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī"; 1 May 18544 June 1931) was an Arab leader from the Banu Hashim clan who was the Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1908 and, after proclaiming the Great Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire, King of the Hejaz from 1916 to 1924. At the end of his reign he also briefly laid claim to the office of Caliph. He was a 37th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad, as he belongs to the Hashemite family. A member of the Awn clan of the Qatadid emirs of Mecca, he was perceived to have rebellious inclinations and in 1893 was summoned to Constantinople, where he was kept on the Council of State.


Context: which ethnic group can you find here?

Context: are there any prominent museums?

Context: what collection does it have?

Context: who is this person that you just mentioned?

Context: Arab leader from the Banu Hashim clan

Question: what happened post world war i?

Answer: Arabs found themselves freed from centuries of Ottoman rule, Hussein's son Faisal was made King of Syria but British Government made Faisal and his brother Abdallah kings of Iraq and Transjordan, respectively.

Explanation: In the aftermath of the war, the Arabs found themselves freed from centuries of Ottoman rule. Hussein's son Faisal was made King of Syria, but this kingdom proved short-lived, as the Middle East came under mandate rule of France and the United Kingdom. The British Government subsequently made Faisal and his brother Abdallah kings of Iraq and Transjordan, respectively.

Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca [SEP] Following World War I


Context: which ethnic group can you find here?

Context: are there any prominent museums?

Context: what collection does it have?

Context: Arab leader from the Banu Hashim clan

Context: what happened post world war i?

Context: Arabs found themselves freed from centuries of Ottoman rule, Hussein's son Faisal was made King of Syria but British Government made Faisal and his brother Abdallah kings of Iraq and Transjordan, respectively.

Question: was he ever abducted?

Answer: No

Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca [SEP] Exile and abdication

After his abdication, another of his sons, Ali, briefly assumed the throne of the Hejaz, but then he too had to flee from the encroachment of the Saudi forces. Another of Hussein's sons, Faisal, was briefly King of Syria and later King of Iraq, while Abdullah was Emir. King Hussein was then forced to flee to Amman, Transjordan, where his son Abdullah was Emir. During this period, King Hussein is described as having "continued to behave like a king, receiving Arab delegation that indulged him with empty assurances of their loyalty". He is also described as having frequently "quarreled" with his son Emir Abdullah, as Hussein saw himself as more worthy of ruling.


Context: which ethnic group can you find here?

Context: are there any prominent museums?

Context: what collection does it have?

Context: Arab leader from the Banu Hashim clan

Context: what happened post world war i?

Context: was he ever abducted?

Context: No

Question: what was the reason of deteriorating relationship with the british?

Answer: His British subsidy was cancelled after Feb 1920, and was asked to sign the Treaty of Versailles

Explanation:
Having received a British subsidy totalling £6.5m between 1916 and April 1919, in May 1919, the subsidy was reduced to £100K monthly (from £200K), dropped to £75K from October, £50K in November, £25K in December until February 1920 after which no more payments were made.

In 1919, King Hussein refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles. In August, 1920, five days after the signing of the Treaty of Sèvres, Curzon asked Cairo to procure Hussein's signature to both treaties and agreed to make a payment of £30,000 conditional on signature. Hussein declined and in 1921, stated that he could not be expected to "affix his name to a document assigning Palestine to the Zionists and Syria to foreigners."

Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca [SEP] Deterioration in British relationship

In January and February 1918, Hussein received the Hogarth Message and Bassett Letter in response to his requests for an explanation of the Balfour Declaration and Sykes-Picot Agreement respectively. Having received a British subsidy totalling £6.5m between 1916 and April 1919, in May 1919, the subsidy was reduced to £100K monthly (from £200K), dropped to £75K from October, £50K in November, £25K in December until February 1920 after which no more payments were made. In 1919, King Hussein refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles. In August, 1920, five days after the signing of the Treaty of Sèvres, Curzon asked Cairo to procure Hussein's signature to both treaties and agreed to make a payment of £30,000 conditional on signature.


Question: which places are connected by new york state route 12d?

Answer: Oneida County village of Boonville; and Lewis County village of Lyons Falls.

New York State Route 12D [SEP] Introduction

New York State Route 12D (NY 12D) is a north–south state highway located in the northern part of New York in the United States. The southern terminus of the route is in the Oneida County village of Boonville, where it intersects NY 12. The northern terminus is at a junction with NY 12 in the Lewis County village of Lyons Falls. NY 46 and NY 294 are also present in the immediate area of the route's southern terminus. NY 12D was originally assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York to most of what is now NY 12 between Boonville and Lowville.


Context: which places are connected by new york state route 12d?

Context: Oneida County village of Boonville; and Lewis County village of Lyons Falls.

Question: since how may years is the route being used?

Answer: 113 years (since 1908)

Explanation: In 1908, the New York State Legislature created Route 27, an unsigned legislative route that initially extended from Forestport to Alexandria Bay via Boonville, Lowville, and Watertown. From Boonville to Lowville, Route 27 utilized what is now NY 12D and NY 26.

New York State Route 12D [SEP] History

Instead, NY 337 was initially extended eastward along the former alignment of NY 12 on McAlpine Street to a new terminus at Center Street. It was rerouted east of Cherry Street to follow Cherry south to NY 12 . The former routing of NY 337 along McAlpine Street from Cherry Street to a grade crossing with the Mohawk, Adirondack and Northern Railroad, a distance of , is now designated as NY 970J, an unsigned reference route. The overlap between NY 12D and NY 26 north of Potters Corners was eliminated when NY 12D was rerouted to follow NY 337 to Lyons Falls, placing NY 12D on its current alignment.


Context: since how may years is the route being used?

Context: 113 years (since 1908)

Question: which places does the route pass through?

Answer: Sugar River, Locust Grove community, West Turin

Explanation: Within Leyden, NY 12D passes through largely rural terrain with the exception of a pair of roadside communities: the hamlet of Talcottville on the Sugar River, a tributary of the nearby Black River, and the community of Locust Grove at the intersection of NY 12D and Locust Grove Road. The route crosses into West Turin roughly later, where it intersects NY 26 at Potters Corners. NY 26 turns north here to follow the right-of-way of NY 12D; however, NY 12D turns northeast onto the right-of-way of NY 26 toward Lyons Falls. Near the western edge of the village, NY 12D passes over NY 12 with no access between the two. The connection is made a short distance to the southeast via McAlpine and Cherry Streets, which NY 12D follows to terminate at NY 12.

New York State Route 12D [SEP] Route description

NY 12D begins at an intersection with NY 12 at the southeastern edge of the village of Boonville in northern Oneida County. While NY 12 bypasses the village to the east, NY 12D heads northwest into the village on Main Street. At Schuyler Street, NY 12D bears west for one block to Post Street, where it intersects the northern terminus of NY 46. The eastern terminus of NY 294 is located one block to the south at the junction of Post and Ford Streets. NY 12D, meanwhile, turns north at Post Street and follows the street out of the village and through the town of Boonville to the Lewis County town of Leyden.


Context: 113 years (since 1908)

Context: which places does the route pass through?

Context: Sugar River, Locust Grove community, West Turin

Question: when was the last town established?

Answer: 1796

West Turin, New York [SEP] History

The town was first settled around 1796, near Constableville. West Turin was formed from part of Turin in 1830 and was subsequently reduced in size by the formation of newer towns: Montague (1850) and Osceola (1844). The town of West Turin now includes the former "Town of Highmarket", which was disbanded in 1973. Highmarket had been set apart from West Turin in 1852.


Context: 113 years (since 1908)

Context: when was the last town established?

Question: how is the weather there?

Answer: Warm-summer humid continental climate. Winter is cold and very snowy

West Turin, New York [SEP] Climate

West Turin has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb). Winter is cold and very snowy, with most days not making it to freezing. Snow can fall anytime from October to May, and a consistent snowpack is expected from November to April. Due to its elevation, it is one of the coldest, snowiest, and wettest places in the state. Summer is warm during the day, but it cools off quickly at night. While West Turin is very wet year round, spring is the driest time of year with of rain per month, while fall is the wettest time of year with per month.


Context: 113 years (since 1908)

Context: when was the last town established?

Context: how is the weather there?

Context: Warm-summer humid continental climate. Winter is cold and very snowy

Question: are there any rivers?

Answer: Yes - Black River

West Turin, New York [SEP] Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which are land and , or 0.33%, are water. The Black River forms the east town line. West Turin is on the Tug Hill Plateau of northwestern New York. New York State Route 26 and New York State Route 12D are north-south highways. New York State Route 12 is a north-south highway near the Black River.


Context: 113 years (since 1908)

Context: when was the last town established?

Context: how is the weather there?

Context: are there any rivers?

Context: Yes - Black River

Question: where does it originate?

Answer: North Lake in Herkimer County

Black River (New York) [SEP] Course

The Black River originates at North Lake in the foothills of the Adirondacks, in Herkimer County, about east of Boonville. The river flows west into Oneida County then north, past Forestport and Boonville into Lewis County. At Lyons Falls, it is joined by the Moose River from the east just above the eponymous waterfall, where the river drops over a gneiss cliff. Near Glenfield the Black River receives the smaller tributaries of Otter Creek and the Independence River, also from the east. Further north, it passes Lowville, then receives the Beaver River from the east, then the Deer River, its only major western tributary.


Context: 113 years (since 1908)

Context: when was the last town established?

Context: how is the weather there?

Context: are there any rivers?

Context: Yes - Black River

Context: where does it originate?

Context: North Lake in Herkimer County

Question: which are the notable dams built on it?

Answer: Run-of-the-river, the dam at North Lake, Forestport Reservoir

Explanation: The three uppermost dams, forming North Lake, Kayuta Lake and the smaller Forestport Reservoir are the only structures forming significant impoundments. The other dams are run-of-the-river, with no appreciable storage capacity, so power generation is entirely dependent on the natural flow of the river combined with releases from upstream reservoirs, which is relatively consistent except for drought years.

Black River (New York) [SEP] Dams

There are at least 17 dams on the Black River, with eight in the upper part above Lyons Falls, and nine below Watertown. The upper and lower reaches of the river have a steep gradient and were originally developed to provide mechanical power for mills, such as the old Georgia-Pacific paper mill (which now sits abandoned and falling into disrepair) in Lyons Falls, and later hydroelectricity. In contrast the middle of the river have practically no gradient and are not suitable to the development of head for industrial or hydropower projects. The three uppermost dams, forming North Lake, Kayuta Lake and the smaller Forestport Reservoir are the only structures forming significant impoundments.


Context: 113 years (since 1908)

Context: when was the last town established?

Context: how is the weather there?

Context: are there any rivers?

Context: Yes - Black River

Context: where does it originate?

Context: North Lake in Herkimer County

Context: which are the notable dams built on it?

Context: Run-of-the-river, the dam at North Lake, Forestport Reservoir

Question: which sports are associated with that river?

Answer: Whitewater rafting and kayaking

Black River (New York) [SEP] Sporting activities

The river is an excellent location for fishing. Abundant trout, salmon, bass, and pike are present in the stream, and salmon is the most favored. Whitewater rafting and kayaking are popular on some stretches of the river, notably the Black River Canyon, which begins in Watertown and ends in Brownville. The Black River Canyon is one of few whitewater streams which have reliable flows throughout the summer. The "Canyon" itself is not actually present until you reach Brownville and ends in the Dexter Reservoir.


Context: 113 years (since 1908)

Context: when was the last town established?

Context: how is the weather there?

Context: are there any rivers?

Context: Yes - Black River

Context: where does it originate?

Context: North Lake in Herkimer County

Context: which are the notable dams built on it?

Context: which sports are associated with that river?

Context: Whitewater rafting and kayaking

Question: are there any issues related to environment?

Answer: Yes - Acid rain; Elevated levels of mercury have led to restrictions on the consumption of fish in some areas; In August 2005 it was contaminated by a spill from a manure lagoon on Marks Dairy Farm

Black River (New York) [SEP] Environmental issues

A number of streams and lakes in the watershed have been impaired as a result of acid rain. Elevated levels of mercury have led to restrictions on the consumption of fish in some areas. In August 2005, the Black River was contaminated by a spill from a manure lagoon on Marks Dairy Farm (a concentrated animal feeding operation near Lowville) when a retaining wall gave way, allowing the contents of a waste holding pond to spill. About of pollution flowed into the river. An estimated 280,000 to 375,000 fish were killed. As of August 3, 2006 a settlement has been reached and Marks Dairy Farm, originator of the spill, was ordered to pay $2.2 million.


Question: when did manchester united get the nickname red devils

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Manchester United F.C. [SEP] Introduction

Manchester United Football Club is a professional football club based in Old Trafford, Greater Manchester, England, that competes in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. Nicknamed "the Red Devils", the club was founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878, changed its name to Manchester United in 1902 and moved to its current stadium, Old Trafford, in 1910. Manchester United have won more trophies than any other club in English football, with a record 20 League titles, 12 FA Cups, five League Cups and a record 21 FA Community Shields. United have also won three UEFA Champions Leagues, one UEFA Europa League, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, one UEFA Super Cup, one Intercontinental Cup and one FIFA Club World Cup.


Context: when did manchester united get the nickname red devils

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was this club formed?

Answer: 1878

Explanation: Nicknamed "the Red Devils", the club was founded as Newton Heath LYR Football Club in 1878


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this club formed?

Question: who is the owner ?

Answer: Alex Ferguson,  John Magnier and J. P. McManus

Explanation: The Manchester United board accepted a £623 million offer, but the takeover was blocked by the Monopolies and Mergers Commission at the final hurdle in April 1999. A few years later, a power struggle emerged between the club's manager, Alex Ferguson, and his horse-racing partners, John Magnier and J. P. McManus, who had gradually become the majority shareholders. In a dispute that stemmed from contested ownership of the horse Rock of Gibraltar, Magnier and McManus attempted to have Ferguson removed from his position as manager, and the board responded by approaching investors to attempt to reduce the Irishmen's majority.

Manchester United F.C. [SEP] Ownership and finances

In 1989, chairman Martin Edwards attempted to sell the club to Michael Knighton for £20 million, but the sale fell through and Knighton joined the board of directors instead. Manchester United was floated on the stock market in June 1991 (raising £6.7 million), and received yet another takeover bid in 1998, this time from Rupert Murdoch's British Sky Broadcasting Corporation. This resulted in the formation of "Shareholders United Against Murdoch" – now the "Manchester United Supporters' Trust" – who encouraged supporters to buy shares in the club in an attempt to block any hostile takeover. The Manchester United board accepted a £623 million offer, but the takeover was blocked by the Monopolies and Mergers Commission at the final hurdle in April 1999.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this club formed?

Context: who is the owner ?

Context: Alex Ferguson,  John Magnier and J. P. McManus

Question: can you name any members of the club?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Originally funded by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company, the club became a limited company in 1892 and sold shares to local supporters for £1 via an application form. In 1902, majority ownership passed to the four local businessmen who invested £500 to save the club from bankruptcy, including future club president John Henry Davies. After his death in 1927, the club faced bankruptcy yet again, but was saved in December 1931 by James W. Gibson, who assumed control of the club after an investment of £2,000. Gibson promoted his son, Alan, to the board in 1948, but died three years later; the Gibson family retained ownership of the club through James' wife, Lillian, but the position of chairman passed to former player Harold Hardman.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this club formed?

Context: who is the owner ?

Context: can you name any members of the club?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: which is their home stadium?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this club formed?

Context: who is the owner ?

Context: can you name any members of the club?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which is their home stadium?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what all honours have they received?

Answer: Manchester Cup, FA Cup, 13 Premier League titles

Manchester United F.C. [SEP] Honours

Manchester United is one of the most successful clubs in Europe in terms of trophies won. The club's first trophy was the Manchester Cup, which they won as Newton Heath LYR in 1886. In 1908, the club won their first league title, and won the FA Cup for the first time the following year. Since then, they have gone on to win a record 20 top-division titles – including a record 13 Premier League titles – and their total of 12 FA Cups is second only to Arsenal (14). Those titles have meant the club has appeared a record 30 times in the FA Community Shield (formerly the FA Charity Shield), which is played at the start of each season between the winners of the league and FA Cup from the previous season; of those 30 appearances, Manchester United have won a record 21, including four times when the match was drawn and the trophy shared by the two clubs.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this club formed?

Context: who is the owner ?

Context: can you name any members of the club?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which is their home stadium?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what all honours have they received?

Context: Manchester Cup, FA Cup, 13 Premier League titles

Question: what is the eligibility to receive the second cup?

Answer: The competition is open to any club down to Level 10 of the English football league system which meets the eligibility criteria.

FA Cup [SEP] Eligibility

The competition is open to any club down to Level 10 of the English football league system which meets the eligibility criteria. All clubs in the top four levels (the Premier League and the three divisions of the Football League) are automatically eligible. Clubs in the next six levels (non-league football) are also eligible provided they have played in either the FA Cup, FA Trophy or FA Vase competitions in the previous season. Newly formed clubs, such as F.C. United of Manchester in 2005–06 and also 2006–07, may not therefore play in the FA Cup in their first season. All clubs entering the competition must also have a suitable stadium.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this club formed?

Context: who is the owner ?

Context: can you name any members of the club?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which is their home stadium?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what all honours have they received?

Context: what is the eligibility to receive the second cup?

Context: The competition is open to any club down to Level 10 of the English football league system which meets the eligibility criteria.

Question: when was this cup initially given?

Answer: November 1871

FA Cup [SEP] History

In 1863, the newly founded Football Association (the FA) published the Laws of the Game of Association Football, unifying the various different rules in use before then. On 20 July 1871, in the offices of "The Sportsman" newspaper, the FA Secretary C. W. Alcock proposed to the FA committee that "it is desirable that a Challenge Cup should be established in connection with the Association for which all clubs belonging to the Association should be invited to compete". The inaugural FA Cup tournament kicked off in November 1871. After thirteen games in all, Wanderers were crowned the winners in the final, on 16 March 1872.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this club formed?

Context: who is the owner ?

Context: can you name any members of the club?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which is their home stadium?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what all honours have they received?

Context: when was this cup initially given?

Context: November 1871

Question: what can you tell me about the second owner?

Answer: He is an Irish business magnate.

John Magnier [SEP] Introduction

John Magnier (born 10 February 1948; also known as "The Boss") is an Irish business magnate. He is Ireland's leading thoroughbred stud owner and has extensive business interests outside the horse-breeding industry. Magnier has also been a Senator in the upper house of the Irish Parliament, Seanad Éireann. He is based at Coolmore Stud at Fethard in County Tipperary, considered one of the world's pre-eminent stallion stations, and a nursery of thoroughbreds.


Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was this club formed?

Context: who is the owner ?

Context: can you name any members of the club?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: which is their home stadium?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: what all honours have they received?

Context: when was this cup initially given?

Context: November 1871

Context: what can you tell me about the second owner?

Context: He is an Irish business magnate.

Question: what other businesses does he own?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

John Magnier [SEP] Introduction


Question: how do you know if a star is main sequence

Answer: By the color-magnitude plots of stellar color versus brightness.

Main sequence [SEP] Introduction

In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness. These color-magnitude plots are known as Hertzsprung–Russell diagrams after their co-developers, Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell. Stars on this band are known as main-sequence stars or dwarf stars. These are the most numerous true stars in the universe, and include the Earth's Sun. After condensation and ignition of a star, it generates thermal energy in its dense core region through nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium. During this stage of the star's lifetime, it is located on the main sequence at a position determined primarily by its mass, but also based upon its chemical composition and age.


Context: how do you know if a star is main sequence

Context: By the color-magnitude plots of stellar color versus brightness.

Question: how is it formed?

Answer: After condensation and ignition of a star, it generates thermal energy in its dense core region through nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium.

Explanation: After condensation and ignition of a star, it generates thermal energy in its dense core region through nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium.

Main sequence [SEP] Introduction


Context: how is it formed?

Context: After condensation and ignition of a star, it generates thermal energy in its dense core region through nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium.

Question: are they categorized?

Answer: Yes, the  spectra of stars showed distinctive features, which allowed them to be categorized.

Main sequence [SEP] History

In the early part of the 20th century, information about the types and distances of stars became more readily available. The spectra of stars were shown to have distinctive features, which allowed them to be categorized. Annie Jump Cannon and Edward C. Pickering at Harvard College Observatory developed a method of categorization that became known as the Harvard Classification Scheme, published in the "Harvard Annals" in 1901. In Potsdam in 1906, the Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung noticed that the reddest stars—classified as K and M in the Harvard scheme—could be divided into two distinct groups. These stars are either much brighter than the Sun, or much fainter.


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: Yes, the  spectra of stars showed distinctive features, which allowed them to be categorized.

Question: how is it done?

Answer: Through the Harvard Classification Scheme.

Explanation: The spectra of stars were shown to have distinctive features, which allowed them to be categorized. Annie Jump Cannon and Edward C. Pickering at Harvard College Observatory developed a method of categorization that became known as the Harvard Classification Scheme, published in the "Harvard Annals" in 1901.

Main sequence [SEP] History


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: how is it done?

Context: Through the Harvard Classification Scheme.

Question: where was this developed?

Answer: At Harvard College Observatory

Explanation: Annie Jump Cannon and Edward C. Pickering at Harvard College Observatory developed a method of categorization that became known as the Harvard Classification Scheme, published in the "Harvard Annals" in 1901.

Main sequence [SEP] History


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: how is it done?

Context: where was this developed?

Context: At Harvard College Observatory

Question: where is this college located?

Answer: The university is in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Harvard University [SEP] Introduction

Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, clergyman John Harvard, Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and among the most prestigious in the world. The Massachusetts colonial legislature, the General Court, authorized Harvard's founding. In its early years, Harvard College primarily trained Congregational and Unitarian clergy, although it has never been formally affiliated with any denomination. Its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized during the 18th century, and by the 19th century, Harvard had emerged as the central cultural establishment among Boston elites.


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: how is it done?

Context: where was this developed?

Context: At Harvard College Observatory

Context: where is this college located?

Context: The university is in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Question: can you tell me more about this place?

Answer: It is the fifth most populous city in the state.

Cambridge, Massachusetts [SEP] Introduction

Cambridge ( ) is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, and part of the Boston metropolitan area as a major suburb of Boston. , it was the fifth most populous city in the state, behind Boston, Worcester, Springfield, and Lowell. According to the 2010 Census, the city's population was 105,162. It is one of two de jure county seats of Middlesex County, although the county's government was abolished in 1997. Situated directly north of Boston, across the Charles River, it was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in England, once also an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders.


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: how is it done?

Context: where was this developed?

Context: At Harvard College Observatory

Context: where is this college located?

Context: can you tell me more about this place?

Context: It is the fifth most populous city in the state.

Question: what is the role of music there?

Answer: It has many music venues like The Middle East, Club Passim, The Plough and Stars, and the Nameless Coffeehouse.

Explanation: The city has an active music scene, from classical performances to the latest popular bands. Beyond its colleges and universities, Cambridge has many music venues, including The Middle East, Club Passim, The Plough and Stars, and the Nameless Coffeehouse.

Cambridge, Massachusetts [SEP] Music


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: how is it done?

Context: where was this developed?

Context: At Harvard College Observatory

Context: where is this college located?

Context: can you tell me more about this place?

Context: what is the role of music there?

Context: It has many music venues like The Middle East, Club Passim, The Plough and Stars, and the Nameless Coffeehouse.

Question: what kind of architecture can you see there?

Answer: There are several historic buildings - 17th century; and contemporary architecture, largely built by Harvard and MIT.

Cambridge, Massachusetts [SEP] Architecture

Despite intensive urbanization during the late 19th century and the 20th century, Cambridge has several historic buildings, including some from the 17th century. The city also has abundant contemporary architecture, largely built by Harvard and MIT. Notable historic buildings in the city include: Contemporary architecture:


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: how is it done?

Context: where was this developed?

Context: At Harvard College Observatory

Context: where is this college located?

Context: can you tell me more about this place?

Context: what is the role of music there?

Context: what kind of architecture can you see there?

Context: There are several historic buildings - 17th century; and contemporary architecture, largely built by Harvard and MIT.

Question: can you describe the climate ?

Answer: Warm continental summer climate in the southern end of New England; abundant rain falls on the city; it has no dry season.

Explanation: In the Koppen-Geiger classification Cambridge has a warm continental summer climate (Dfa) that can appear in the southern end of New England's interior. Abundant rain falls on the city; it has no dry season. The average January temperature is 26.6 °F (- 3 °C), making Cambridge part of Group D, independent of the isotherm. There are four well-defined seasons.

Cambridge, Massachusetts [SEP] Climate


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: how is it done?

Context: where was this developed?

Context: At Harvard College Observatory

Context: where is this college located?

Context: can you tell me more about this place?

Context: what is the role of music there?

Context: can you describe the climate ?

Context: Warm continental summer climate in the southern end of New England; abundant rain falls on the city; it has no dry season.

Question: what is their main source of income?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Cambridge, Massachusetts [SEP] Climate


Context: how is it formed?

Context: are they categorized?

Context: how is it done?

Context: where was this developed?

Context: At Harvard College Observatory

Context: where is this college located?

Context: can you tell me more about this place?

Context: what is the role of music there?

Context: can you describe the climate ?

Context: what is their main source of income?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: what is the estimated population ?

Answer: 105,162 people, as of 2010

Cambridge, Massachusetts [SEP] Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 105,162 people, 44,032 households, and 17,420 families residing in the city. The population density was 16,354.9 people per square mile (6,314.6/km). There were 47,291 housing units at an average density of 7,354.7 per square mile (2,840.3/km). The racial makeup of the city was 66.60% White, 11.70% Black or African American, 0.20% Native American, 15.10% Asian (3.7% Chinese, 1.4% Asian Indian, 1.2% Korean, 1.0% Japanese), 0.01% Pacific Islander, 2.10% from other races, and 4.30% from two or more races. 7.60% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race (1.6% Puerto Rican, 1.4% Mexican, 0.6% Dominican, 0.5% Colombian, 0.5% Salvadoran, 0.4% Spaniard).


Question: what is keynsham?

Answer: It is a town and civil parish.

Keynsham [SEP] Introduction

Keynsham ( ) is a town and civil parish located between Bristol and Bath in Somerset, England. It has a population of 16,000. It was listed in the Domesday Book as "Cainesham" (as it is pronounced), which is believed to mean the home of Saint Keyne. The site of the town has been occupied since prehistoric times, and may have been the site of the Roman settlement of Trajectus. The remains of at least two Roman villas have been excavated, and an additional 15 Roman buildings have been detected beneath the Keynsham Hams. Keynsham developed into a medieval market town after Keynsham Abbey was founded around 1170.


Context:
what is keynsham?
It is a town and civil parish.

Question: in which country is it located?

Answer: England.

Keynsham [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is keynsham?
It is a town and civil parish.
in which country is it located?
England.

Question: was there any evidence of romans living in historical times in that town?

Answer: Yes, it may have been the site of the Roman settlement of Trajectus,

Keynsham [SEP] Roman Trajectus

Evidence of occupation dates back to prehistoric times, and during the Roman period, Keynsham may have been the site of the Roman settlement of Trajectus, which is the Latin word for "bridgehead." It is believed that a settlement around a Roman ford over the River Avon existed somewhere in the vicinity, and the numerous Roman ruins discovered in Keynsham make it a likely candidate for this lost settlement. In 1877 during construction of the Durley Hill Cemetery, the remains of a grand Roman villa with over 30 rooms was discovered. However, construction of the cemetery went ahead, and the majority of the villa is now located beneath the Victorian cemetery and an adjacent road.


Context: what is keynsham?

Context: It is a town and civil parish.

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England.

Context: was there any evidence of romans living in historical times in that town?

Context: Yes, it may have been the site of the Roman settlement of Trajectus,

Question: was that town affected during world war ii?

Answer: No.

Explanation: After the flood the Memorial Park, which had been laid out after World War II was extended.

Keynsham [SEP] Post World War II

To obtain the system, listeners had to write to Batchelor's Keynsham post office box, and Keynsham was always painstakingly spelled out on-air, with Batchelor famously intoning "Keynsham – spelt K-E-Y-N-S-H-A-M – Keynsham, Bristol". This was done because the proper pronunciation of Keynsham – "Cane-sham" – does not make the spelling of Keynsham immediately obvious to the radio listener. Since the 1950s Keynsham has become a dormitory town for Bristol and Bath. The High Street shopping area has been remodelled, and a Town Hall, Library, and Clock Tower were built in the mid-1960s.


Context: what is keynsham?

Context: It is a town and civil parish.

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England.

Context: was that town affected during world war ii?

Context: No.

Question: who is the topmost head governing that town?

Answer: The town council.

Explanation: The town council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council’s operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The town council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The town council's role includes projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, such as the village hall or community centre, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning.

Keynsham [SEP] Governance

The town council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The town council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The town council's role includes projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, such as the village hall or community centre, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning.


Context: what is keynsham?

Context: It is a town and civil parish.

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England.

Context: No.

Context: who is the topmost head governing that town?

Context: The town council.

Question: in which 'county' is the town located in?

Answer: Somerset.

Explanation: Keynsham ( ) is a town and civil parish located between Bristol and Bath in Somerset, England. It

Keynsham [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is keynsham?

Context: It is a town and civil parish.

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England.

Context: No.

Context: The town council.

Context: in which 'county' is the town located in?

Context: Somerset.

Question: name some religious places of worship in that town.

Answer: St John the Baptist church, St Michael's, St Margaret's and St Francis' Church.

Keynsham [SEP] Religious sites

There is a pulpit dating from 1634 and is also a screen of the same age which shuts off the choir vestry. It has been designated as a Grade II* listed building. A former organ is said to have stood in the church, but "had tones so mellow" that Handel bargained for it, offering a peal of bells in exchange. The offer was accepted. The musician went off with the organ and the bells were delivered. There are eight bells in total, some made by the Bilbie family of Chew Stoke, the smallest bears these lines: "I value not who doth me see For Thomas Bilbie casted me; Althow my sound it is but small I can be heard amongst you all." St John the Baptist church is one of five churches in the Church of England Parish of Keynsham, the others being the village churches of St Michael's in Burnett and St Margaret's in Queen Charlton, the "Mission Church" in Chewton Keynsham (formerly the school building), and St Francis' Church on the Park Estate which in 2013 - 2015 underwent extensive modernisation and offers two halls for use by community groups.


Context: what is keynsham?

Context: It is a town and civil parish.

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England.

Context: No.

Context: The town council.

Context: Somerset.

Context: name some religious places of worship in that town.

Context: St John the Baptist church, St Michael's, St Margaret's and St Francis' Church.

Question: name some notable people residing in that town.

Answer: Bill Bailey, Neil Forrester, Mimi Thebo, Mark Regan and Luke Sutton.

Keynsham [SEP] Notable residents

Several notable people have been born or lived in Keynsham. The comedian Bill Bailey was raised in the town. Another entertainer Neil Forrester, who was a research assistant and became known as a cast member on "" was also a local. Celebrated children's author Mimi Thebo has been resident since 2002. Sports players from Keynsham include Mark Regan a professional rugby player and a former player at Keynsham Rugby Football Club, Luke Sutton of Lancashire County Cricket Club who played as both a wicket-keeper and batsman, Marcus Trescothick, the Somerset and England cricketer. and Judd Trump, a professional snooker player.


Context: what is keynsham?

Context: It is a town and civil parish.

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England.

Context: No.

Context: The town council.

Context: Somerset.

Context: name some notable people residing in that town.

Context: Bill Bailey, Neil Forrester, Mimi Thebo, Mark Regan and Luke Sutton.

Question: who is the first person mentioned above?

Answer: He is an English comedian, musician and actor.

Bill Bailey [SEP] Introduction

Mark Robert Bailey (born 13 January 1965), known by his stage name Bill Bailey, is an English comedian, musician and actor. Bailey is known for his role as Manny in the British sitcom "Black Books" and for his appearances on the British panel shows "Never Mind the Buzzcocks", "Have I Got News for You" and "QI", as well as his stand-up work. Bailey was listed by "The Observer" as one of the 50 funniest acts in British comedy in 2003. In 2007, and again in 2010, he was voted the seventh greatest stand-up comic on Channel 4's "100 Greatest Stand-Ups".


Context: what is keynsham?

Context: It is a town and civil parish.

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England.

Context: No.

Context: The town council.

Context: Somerset.

Context: who is the first person mentioned above?

Context: He is an English comedian, musician and actor.

Question: which countries has he toured for his performance?

Answer: Australia, New Zealand and the US.

Explanation: He continued to tour it all over the UK as well as in Australia, New Zealand and the US.

Bill Bailey [SEP] International tours

Bailey expanded on subjects such as the war on Iraq. He also talks extensively about drugs, at one point asking the audience to name different ways of baking cannabis. A DVD was released in 2004. 2005 saw the release of his 1995 show "Bill Bailey's Cosmic Jam". The two-disc set also contained a director's cut of "Bewilderness", which featured a routine on Stephen Hawking's "A Brief History of Time" not seen in the original version.


Context: what is keynsham?

Context: It is a town and civil parish.

Context: in which country is it located?

Context: England.

Context: No.

Context: The town council.

Context: Somerset.

Context: which countries has he toured for his performance?

Context: Australia, New Zealand and the US.

Question: what did he perform in the first country mentioned above?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Bill Bailey [SEP] International tours

In 2001, Bailey began touring the globe with "Bewilderness". A recording of a performance in Swansea was released on DVD the same year, and the show was broadcast on Channel 4 that Christmas. A modified version of it also proved successful in America, and in 2002 Bailey released a CD of a recording at the WestBeth Theatre in New York City. The show contained his popular music parodies (such as Unisex Chip Shop, a Billy Bragg tribute, which he also performed with Bragg himself at the 2005 Glastonbury Festival), "three men in a pub" jokes (including one in the style of Geoffrey Chaucer) and deconstructions of television themes such as "Countdown" and "The Magic Roundabout".