Question: does venus rise in the east or west

Answer: East.

Venus [SEP] Introduction

Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty. As the second-brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon, Venus can cast shadows and can be, on rare occasion, visible to the naked eye in broad daylight. Venus lies within Earth's orbit, and so never appears to venture far from the Sun, either setting in the west just after dusk or rising in the east a bit before dawn. Venus orbits the Sun every 224.7 Earth days. With a rotation period of 243 Earth days, it takes longer to rotate about its axis than any other planet in the Solar System and does so in the opposite direction to all but Uranus (meaning the Sun rises in the west and sets in the east).


Context:
does venus rise in the east or west
East.

Question: where does this planet stand in terms of planetary position?

Answer: Second from the Sun.

Explanation: Venus is the second planet from the Sun

Venus [SEP] Introduction


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: where does this planet stand in terms of planetary position?

Context: Second from the Sun.

Question: what colour is this planet?

Answer: To the naked eye, Venus appears as a white point of light.

Venus [SEP] Observability

To the naked eye, Venus appears as a white point of light brighter than any other planet or star (apart from the Sun). The planet's mean apparent magnitude is −4.14 with a standard deviation of 0.31. The brightest magnitude occurs during crescent phase about one month before or after inferior conjunction. Venus fades to about magnitude −3 when it is backlit by the Sun. The planet is bright enough to be seen in a clear midday sky and is more easily visible when the Sun is low on the horizon or setting. As an inferior planet, it always lies within about 47° of the Sun.


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: To the naked eye, Venus appears as a white point of light.

Question: how is climate like on this planet?

Answer: It has the hottest surface of any planet in the Solar System.

Venus [SEP] Introduction

Venus does not have any moons, a distinction it shares only with Mercury among planets in the Solar System. Venus is a terrestrial planet and is sometimes called Earth's "sister planet" because of their similar size, mass, proximity to the Sun, and bulk composition. It is radically different from Earth in other respects. It has the densest atmosphere of the four terrestrial planets, consisting of more than 96% carbon dioxide. The atmospheric pressure at the planet's surface is about 92 times the sea level pressure of Earth, or roughly the pressure at underwater on Earth. Venus has by far the hottest surface of any planet in the Solar System, with a mean temperature of , even though Mercury is closer to the Sun.


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: It has the hottest surface of any planet in the Solar System.

Question: who was the first to discover this system?

Answer: The ancient Sumerians.

Venus [SEP] Early studies

Because the movements of Venus appear to be discontinuous (it disappears due to its proximity to the sun, for many days at a time, and then reappears on the other horizon), some cultures did not recognize Venus as single entity; instead, they assumed it to be two separate stars on each horizon: the morning and evening star. Nonetheless, a cylinder seal from the Jemdet Nasr period and the Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa from the First Babylonian dynasty indicate that the ancient Sumerians already knew that the morning and evening stars were the same celestial object. In the Old Babylonian period, the planet Venus was known as Ninsi'anna, and later as Dilbat.


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: who was the first to discover this system?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Question: and what does it compose of?

Answer: It contains sulfur.

Venus [SEP] Magnetic field and core

One possibility is that Venus has no solid inner core, or that its core is not cooling, so that the entire liquid part of the core is at approximately the same temperature. Another possibility is that its core has already completely solidified. The state of the core is highly dependent on the concentration of sulfur, which is unknown at present.


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Context: and what does it compose of?

Context: It contains sulfur.

Question: were any space crafts sent to observe this system?

Answer: Yes, "Venera 4".

Venera 4 [SEP] Introduction

Venera 4 ( meaning "Venera 4"), also designated 4V-1 No.310 was a probe in the Soviet Venera program for the exploration of Venus. The probe comprised an entry probe, designed to enter the Venus atmosphere and parachute to the surface, and a carrier/flyby spacecraft, which carried the entry probe to Venus and served as a communications relay for the entry probe. In 1967, it was the first successful probe to perform in-place analysis of the environment of another planet. Venera 4 provided the first chemical analysis of the Venusian atmosphere, showing it to be primarily carbon dioxide with a few percents of nitrogen and below one percent of oxygen and water vapors.


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Context: and what does it compose of?

Context: It contains sulfur.

Context: were any space crafts sent to observe this system?

Context: Yes, "Venera 4".

Question: does the planet have a strong magnetic field?

Answer: It's magnetic field is weaker than that of the Earth.

Venus [SEP] Magnetic field and core

In 1967, "Venera 4" found Venus' magnetic field to be much weaker than that of Earth. This magnetic field is induced by an interaction between the ionosphere and the solar wind, rather than by an internal dynamo as in the Earth's core. Venus' small induced magnetosphere provides negligible protection to the atmosphere against cosmic radiation. The lack of an intrinsic magnetic field at Venus was surprising, given that it is similar to Earth in size and was expected also to contain a dynamo at its core. A dynamo requires three things: a conducting liquid, rotation, and convection. The core is thought to be electrically conductive and, although its rotation is often thought to be too slow, simulations show it is adequate to produce a dynamo.


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Context: and what does it compose of?

Context: It contains sulfur.

Context: Yes, "Venera 4".

Context: does the planet have a strong magnetic field?

Context: It's magnetic field is weaker than that of the Earth.

Question: and what is the shape of this planet?

Answer: Nearly spherical with a small flattening at the poles and bulging around the equator.

Earth [SEP] Shape

The shape of Earth is nearly spherical. There is a small flattening at the poles and bulging around the equator due to Earth's rotation. To second order, Earth is approximately an oblate spheroid, whose equatorial diameter is larger than the pole-to-pole diameter, although the variation is less than 1% of the average radius of the Earth. The point on the surface farthest from Earth's center of mass is the summit of the equatorial Chimborazo volcano in Ecuador (). The average diameter of the reference spheroid is . Local topography deviates from this idealized spheroid, although on a global scale these deviations are small compared to Earth's radius: the maximum deviation of only 0.17% is at the Mariana Trench ( below local sea level), whereas Mount Everest ( above local sea level) represents a deviation of 0.14%.


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Context: and what does it compose of?

Context: It contains sulfur.

Context: Yes, "Venera 4".

Context: and what is the shape of this planet?

Context: Nearly spherical with a small flattening at the poles and bulging around the equator.

Question: can you name some chemical compositions of this planet?

Answer: Iron, oxygen, silicon, magnesium, sulphur, nickel, calcium and aluminium.

Earth [SEP] Chemical composition

Earth's mass is approximately (5,970 Yg). It is composed mostly of iron (32.1%), oxygen (30.1%), silicon (15.1%), magnesium (13.9%), sulphur (2.9%), nickel (1.8%), calcium (1.5%), and aluminum (1.4%), with the remaining 1.2% consisting of trace amounts of other elements. Due to mass segregation, the core region is estimated to be primarily composed of iron (88.8%), with smaller amounts of nickel (5.8%), sulphur (4.5%), and less than 1% trace elements. The most common rock constituents of the crust are nearly all oxides: chlorine, sulphur, and fluorine are the important exceptions to this and their total amount in any rock is usually much less than 1%.


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Context: and what does it compose of?

Context: It contains sulfur.

Context: Yes, "Venera 4".

Context: and what is the shape of this planet?

Context: can you name some chemical compositions of this planet?

Context: Iron, oxygen, silicon, magnesium, sulphur, nickel, calcium and aluminium.

Question: what does the former planet orbit?

Answer: The Sun.

Explanation: Venus orbits the Sun every 224.7 Earth days.

Venus [SEP] Introduction


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Context: and what does it compose of?

Context: It contains sulfur.

Context: Yes, "Venera 4".

Context: and what is the shape of this planet?

Context: what does the former planet orbit?

Context: The Sun.

Question: how can one observe this planet?

Answer: It is visible to the naked eye.

Explanation: To the naked eye, Venus appears as a white point of light brighter than any other planet or star (apart from the Sun). T

Venus [SEP] Observability


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Context: and what does it compose of?

Context: It contains sulfur.

Context: Yes, "Venera 4".

Context: and what is the shape of this planet?

Context: what does the former planet orbit?

Context: The Sun.

Context: how can one observe this planet?

Context: It is visible to the naked eye.

Question: how many phases does it have?

Answer: The planet appears as a small and "full" disc when it is on the opposite side of the Sun . It shows a larger disc and "quarter phase" at its maximum elongations from the Sun, and it displays  its largest size and "new phase" when it is between Earth and the Sun.

Explanation: As it orbits the Sun, Venus displays phases like those of the Moon in a telescopic view. The planet appears as a small and "full" disc when it is on the opposite side of the Sun (at superior conjunction). Venus shows a larger disc and "quarter phase" at its maximum elongations from the Sun, and appears its brightest in the night sky. The planet presents a much larger thin "crescent" in telescopic views as it passes along the near side between Earth and the Sun. Venus displays its largest size and "new phase" when it is between Earth and the Sun (at inferior conjunction).

Venus [SEP] Phases


Context: does venus rise in the east or west

Context: East.

Context: Second from the Sun.

Context: what colour is this planet?

Context: how is climate like on this planet?

Context: The ancient Sumerians.

Context: and what does it compose of?

Context: It contains sulfur.

Context: Yes, "Venera 4".

Context: and what is the shape of this planet?

Context: what does the former planet orbit?

Context: The Sun.

Context: how can one observe this planet?

Context: It is visible to the naked eye.

Context: how many phases does it have?

Context: The planet appears as a small and "full" disc when it is on the opposite side of the Sun . It shows a larger disc and "quarter phase" at its maximum elongations from the Sun, and it displays  its largest size and "new phase" when it is between Earth and the Sun.

Question: is this planet symbolic to anything?

Answer: Femininity.

Venus [SEP] Symbol

The astronomical symbol for Venus is the same as that used in biology for the female sex: a circle with a small cross beneath. The Venus symbol also represents femininity, and in Western alchemy stood for the metal copper. Polished copper has been used for mirrors from antiquity, and the symbol for Venus has sometimes been understood to stand for the mirror of the goddess although that is not its true origin.


Question: where can you find noisy miner?

Answer: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Noisy miner [SEP] Introduction

The noisy miner ("Manorina melanocephala") is a bird in the honeyeater family, Meliphagidae, and is endemic to eastern and southeastern Australia. This miner is a grey bird, with a black head, orange-yellow beak and feet, a distinctive yellow patch behind the eye, and white tips on the tail feathers. The Tasmanian race has a more intense yellow panel in the wing, and a broader white tip to the tail. Males, females and juveniles are similar in appearance, though young birds are a brownish-grey. As the common name suggests, the noisy miner is a vocal species with a large range of songs, calls, scoldings and alarms, and almost constant vocalisations, particularly from young birds.


Context:
where can you find noisy miner?
Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Question: how do they behave socially?

Answer: They are a gregarious species that move and roost in colonies.

Noisy miner [SEP] Social organisation

The noisy miner is a gregarious species, and the birds are rarely seen singly or in twos; they forage, move and roost in colonies that can consist of several hundred birds Within a colony, a male bird will occupy an 'activity space', which will overlap with the activity spaces of other males. Males with overlapping activity spaces form associations called 'coteries', usually consisting of 10 to 25 birds. Coteries are the most stable unit within the colony. The birds also form temporary flocks when engaged in the same activity. These flocks, called 'coalitions', usually comprise five to eight birds, although coalitions of up to 40 birds can occur when mobbing a potential predator.


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: They are a gregarious species that move and roost in colonies.

Question: what do they feed on?

Answer: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Noisy miner [SEP] Feeding

The noisy miner primarily eats nectar, fruit, and insects, and occasionally it feeds on small reptiles or amphibians. It is both arboreal and terrestrial, feeding in the canopy of trees, on trunks and branches, and on the ground. It forages within the colony's territory throughout the year, usually in groups of five to eight birds, although hundreds may gather at a stand of flowering trees, such as banksia. The noisy miner collects nectar directly from flowers, hanging upside down or straddling thin branches acrobatically to access the nectar; it takes fruit from trees or fallen on the ground; gleans or hawks for invertebrates; and picks through leaf litter for insects.


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Question: what is the scientific name of the last one?

Answer: Insecta.

Insect [SEP] Introduction

Insects or Insecta (from Latin ') are hexapod invertebrates and the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Definitions and circumscriptions vary; usually, insects comprise a class within the Arthropoda. As used here, the term Insecta is synonymous with Ectognatha. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. Insects are the most diverse group of animals; they include more than a million described species and represent more than half of all known living organisms. The total number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million; potentially over 90% of the animal life forms on Earth are insects.


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Context: what is the scientific name of the last one?

Context: Insecta.

Question: how do they evolve?

Answer: They've evolved gradually, both their defense mechanisms against predators as well as complex groups of coevolved species like pollination, which is beneficial to both organisms.

Explanation: nsects were among the earliest terrestrial herbivores and acted as major selection agents on plants. Plants evolved chemical defenses against this herbivory and the insects, in turn, evolved mechanisms to deal with plant toxins. Many insects make use of these toxins to protect themselves from their predators. Such insects often advertise their toxicity using warning colors. This successful evolutionary pattern has also been used by mimics. Over time, this has led to complex groups of coevolved species. Conversely, some interactions between plants and insects, like pollination, are beneficial to both organisms.

Insect [SEP] Evolutionary relationships

Insects are prey for a variety of organisms, including terrestrial vertebrates. The earliest vertebrates on land existed 400 million years ago and were large amphibious piscivores. Through gradual evolutionary change, insectivory was the next diet type to evolve. Insects were among the earliest terrestrial herbivores and acted as major selection agents on plants. Plants evolved chemical defenses against this herbivory and the insects, in turn, evolved mechanisms to deal with plant toxins. Many insects make use of these toxins to protect themselves from their predators. Such insects often advertise their toxicity using warning colors. This successful evolutionary pattern has also been used by mimics.


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Context: Insecta.

Context: how do they evolve?

Context: They've evolved gradually, both their defense mechanisms against predators as well as complex groups of coevolved species like pollination, which is beneficial to both organisms.

Question: is the species mentioned above used in agriculture?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Insect [SEP] Evolutionary relationships


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Context: Insecta.

Context: how do they evolve?

Context: is the species mentioned above used in agriculture?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: are they related to humans?

Answer: No.

Insect [SEP] In beneficial roles

Although pest insects attract the most attention, many insects are beneficial to the environment and to humans. Some insects, like wasps, bees, butterflies and ants, pollinate flowering plants. Pollination is a mutualistic relationship between plants and insects. As insects gather nectar from different plants of the same species, they also spread pollen from plants on which they have previously fed. This greatly increases plants' ability to cross-pollinate, which maintains and possibly even improves their evolutionary fitness. This ultimately affects humans since ensuring healthy crops is critical to agriculture. As well as pollination ants help with seed distribution of plants. This helps to spread the plants, which increases plant diversity.


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Context: Insecta.

Context: how do they evolve?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are they related to humans?

Context: No.

Question: can they be used as products?

Answer: Yes, as grease, chitin, cosmetics, surfactants for shower gel.

Insect [SEP] In other products

Insect larvae (i.e. black soldier fly larvae) can provide protein, grease, and chitin. The grease is usable in the pharmaceutical industry (cosmetics, surfactants for shower gel) -hereby replacing other vegetable oils as palm oil. Also, insect cooking oil, insect butter and fatty alcohols can be made from such insects as the superworm ("Zophobas morio").


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Context: Insecta.

Context: how do they evolve?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are they related to humans?

Context: No.

Context: can they be used as products?

Context: Yes, as grease, chitin, cosmetics, surfactants for shower gel.

Question: can you name some of the types of the third product?

Answer: Skincare, personal care and decorative cosmetics.

Cosmetics [SEP] Types

Though there are a large number of differing cosmetics used for a variety of different purposes, all cosmetics are typically intended to be applied externally. These products can be applied to the face (on the skin, lips, eyebrows and eyes), to the body (on the skin, in particular the hands and nails), and to the hair. These products may be intended for use as skincare, personal care or to alter the appearance, with the subset of cosmetics known as makeup primarily referring to products containing colour pigments intended for the purpose of altering the wearer's appearance; some manufacturers will distinguish only between "decorative" cosmetics intended to alter the appearance and "care" cosmetics designed for skincare and personal care.


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Context: Insecta.

Context: how do they evolve?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are they related to humans?

Context: No.

Context: can they be used as products?

Context: can you name some of the types of the third product?

Context: Skincare, personal care and decorative cosmetics.

Question: has it been through any controversy?

Answer: Yes, some describe it as a form of deception or "fakeup".

Explanation: Criticism of cosmetics has come from a wide variety of sources including some feminists, religious groups, animal rights activists, authors, and public interest groups. It has also faced criticism from men, some of whom describe it as a form of deception or "fakeup".

Cosmetics [SEP] Controversy

During the 20th century, the popularity of cosmetics increased rapidly. Cosmetics are used by girls at increasingly young ages, especially in the United States. Because of the fast-decreasing age of makeup users, many companies, from high-street brands like Rimmel to higher-end products like Estee Lauder, cater to this expanding market by introducing flavored lipsticks and glosses, cosmetics packaged in glittery and sparkly packaging, and marketing and advertising using young models. The social consequences of younger and younger cosmetics use has had much attention in the media over the last few years. Criticism of cosmetics has come from a wide variety of sources including some feminists, religious groups, animal rights activists, authors, and public interest groups.


Context: where can you find noisy miner?

Context: Eastern and southeastern Australia.

Context: how do they behave socially?

Context: what do they feed on?

Context: Nectar, fruit and insects.

Context: Insecta.

Context: how do they evolve?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: are they related to humans?

Context: No.

Context: can they be used as products?

Context: has it been through any controversy?

Context: Yes, some describe it as a form of deception or "fakeup".

Question: have they been doing tests on animals for the production?

Answer: Yes.

Cosmetics [SEP] Animal testing

As of 2009, more than 25 million animals in the United States are used in some type of cosmetic testing. Such tests have involved general toxicity, eye and skin irritants, phototoxicity (toxicity triggered by ultraviolet light), and mutagenicity. Due to the ethical concerns around animal testing, some nations have legislated against animal testing for cosmetics. According to the Humane Society of the United States, there are nearly 50 non-animal tests that have been validated for use, with many more in development, that may replace animal testing and are potentially more efficacious. In the United States, mice, rats, rabbits, and cats are the most used animals for testing.


Question: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Answer: Gus slices his loyal henchman Victor's throat with a utility knife.

Box Cutter (Breaking Bad) [SEP] Introduction

The episode marked the final regular performances of actors David Costabile and Jeremiah Bitsui as Gale and Victor. Gilligan considered changing the episode based on audience responses to the third-season finale, "Full Measure", on whether Gale would be killed or not, but ultimately decided against it. During a twist scene in "Box Cutter", Gus slices his loyal henchman Victor's throat with a utility knife right before Walt and Jesse's eyes. Esposito said he was concerned about filming the scene "without really hurting my spirit and my soul", and he concentrated so hard that he remained silent and focused during filming, rarely speaking to others on set.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: Gus slices his loyal henchman Victor's throat with a utility knife.

Question: what does this cutter refers to?

Answer: It is the fourth season premiere of the American television drama series "Breaking Bad".

"Box Cutter" is the fourth season premiere of the American television drama series "Breaking Bad", and its 34th episode overall. Written by series creator Vince Gilligan and directed by Adam Bernstein, "Box Cutter" originally aired on AMC in the United States on July 17, 2011. The narrative follows protagonist Walter White (Bryan Cranston) and his partner Jesse Pinkman (Aaron Paul) as they face repercussions from drug kingpin Gus Fring (Giancarlo Esposito) for killing Gale Boetticher at the end of the previous season. Meanwhile, Skyler White (Anna Gunn) breaks into her husband Walter's condominium to investigate his sudden disappearance, and Marie Schrader (Betsy Brandt) struggles to help Hank Schrader (Dean Norris) recover from his injuries.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: It is the fourth season premiere of the American television drama series "Breaking Bad".

Question: who directed this season?

Answer: Adam Bernstein

Explanation: Written by series creator Vince Gilligan and directed by Adam Bernstein, "Box Cutter" originally aired on AMC in the United States on July 17, 2011.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Question: what are the characters of the above tv series?

Answer: "Walter White”, "Jesse Pinkman” and "Gus Fring” are some of them.

Explanation: The narrative follows protagonist Walter White (Bryan Cranston) and his partner Jesse Pinkman (Aaron Paul) as they face repercussions from drug kingpin Gus Fring (Giancarlo Esposito) for killing Gale Boetticher at the end of the previous season.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: what are the characters of the above tv series?

Context: "Walter White”, "Jesse Pinkman” and "Gus Fring” are some of them.

Question: from where has its concept developed?

Answer: The concept emerged as Gilligan talked with his fellow "X-Files" writer Thomas Schnauz regarding their current unemployment and joked that the solution was for them to put a "meth lab in the back of an RV and drive around the country cooking meth and making money".

Breaking Bad [SEP] Conception

The show title is a Southern colloquialism meaning, among other things, "raising hell", and was chosen by Gilligan to describe Walter's transformation. According to "Time" entertainment editor Lily Rothman, the term has a broader meaning and is an old phrase which "connotes more violence than 'raising hell' does ... [T]he words possess a wide variety of nuances: to 'break bad' can mean to 'go wild', to 'defy authority', and break the law, to be verbally 'combative, belligerent, or threatening' or, followed by the preposition 'on', 'to dominate or humiliate'." The concept emerged as Gilligan talked with his fellow "X-Files" writer Thomas Schnauz regarding their current unemployment and joked that the solution was for them to put a "meth lab in the back of an RV and [drive] around the country cooking meth and making money".


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: The concept emerged as Gilligan talked with his fellow "X-Files" writer Thomas Schnauz regarding their current unemployment and joked that the solution was for them to put a "meth lab in the back of an RV and drive around the country cooking meth and making money".

Question: who acted out the first mentioned character from the list you mentioned?

Answer: Bryan Cranston

Breaking Bad [SEP] Introduction

Breaking Bad is an American neo-Western crime drama television series created and produced by Vince Gilligan. The show aired on AMC from January 20, 2008, to September 29, 2013, consisting of five seasons for a total of 62 episodes. It was set and filmed in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and tells the story of Walter White (Bryan Cranston), an underpaid and dispirited high school chemistry teacher who is struggling with a recent diagnosis of stage-three lung cancer. White turns to a life of crime, partnering with his former student Jesse Pinkman (Aaron Paul), by producing and distributing crystallized methamphetamine to secure his family's financial future before he dies, while navigating the dangers of the criminal underworld.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: who acted out the first mentioned character from the list you mentioned?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Question: and the third one?

Answer: Giancarlo Esposito

Breaking Bad [SEP] Introduction

The title is a Southern colloquialism meaning to turn to a life of crime. Gilligan characterized the series as showing Walter's transformation from a soft-spoken Mr. Chips into Scarface. Among the show's co-stars are Anna Gunn and RJ Mitte as Walter's wife Skyler and son Walter, Jr., and Betsy Brandt and Dean Norris as Skyler's sister Marie Schrader and her husband Hank, a DEA agent. Others include Bob Odenkirk as White's and Pinkman's sleazy lawyer Saul Goodman, Jonathan Banks as private investigator and fixer Mike Ehrmantraut, and Giancarlo Esposito as drug kingpin Gus Fring. The final season introduces Jesse Plemons as the criminally ambitious Todd Alquist, and Laura Fraser as Lydia Rodarte-Quayle, a clumsy business executive secretly managing Walter's global meth sales for her company.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Context: and the third one?

Context: Giancarlo Esposito

Question: how is whitman connected to this show?

Answer: Walter White's name shared the same initials as Walt Whitman.

Breaking Bad [SEP] Walt Whitman

Walter White's name is reminiscent of the poet Walt Whitman. During the series, Gale Boetticher gives Walt a copy of Whitman's "Leaves of Grass". Prior to giving this gift, Boetticher recites "When I Heard the Learn'd Astronomer". In the episode "Bullet Points", Hank finds the initials W.W. written in Boetticher's notes, and jokes with Walt that they are his initials, although Walt indicates that they must refer to Whitman. In the episode "Hazard Pay", Walt finds the copy of "Leaves of Grass" as he is packing up his bedroom, briefly smiles and leaves it out to read. This occurs at an especially high point in his life, where he feels that things are coming together and he is succeeding in all his ventures.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Context: and the third one?

Context: Giancarlo Esposito

Context: how is whitman connected to this show?

Context: Walter White's name shared the same initials as Walt Whitman.

Question: is there a fan made film on this?

Answer: Yes, French editors Lucas Stoll and Gaylor Morestin created a fan edit, simply titled "Breaking Bad: The Movie", condensing the entire series into a two-hour feature film and uploaded it onto Vimeo.

Breaking Bad [SEP] Fan edit film

In 2017, French editors Lucas Stoll and Gaylor Morestin created a fan edit, simply titled "Breaking Bad: The Movie", condensing the entire series into a two-hour feature film and uploaded it onto Vimeo. They had worked on the film for around two years prior to its release. However the film was soon taken down for copyright violation. Critic Alan Sepinwall remarked that the movie "doesn't in any way work as a standalone entity." In order to achieve feature film length, notable side characters like Tuco Salamanca and the Salamanca Cousins were cut entirely, and the conclusion to the Gustavo Fring story occurred off-screen.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Context: and the third one?

Context: Giancarlo Esposito

Context: how is whitman connected to this show?

Context: is there a fan made film on this?

Context: Yes, French editors Lucas Stoll and Gaylor Morestin created a fan edit, simply titled "Breaking Bad: The Movie", condensing the entire series into a two-hour feature film and uploaded it onto Vimeo.

Question: what is the storyline of this series?

Answer: It tells the story of Walter White, an underpaid and dispirited high school chemistry teacher who is struggling with a recent diagnosis of stage-three lung cancer. White turns to a life of crime, partnering with his former student Jesse Pinkman, by producing and distributing crystallized methamphetamine to secure his family's financial future before he dies, while navigating the dangers of the criminal underworld.

Explanation: It was set and filmed in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and tells the story of Walter White (Bryan Cranston), an underpaid and dispirited high school chemistry teacher who is struggling with a recent diagnosis of stage-three lung cancer. White turns to a life of crime, partnering with his former student Jesse Pinkman (Aaron Paul), by producing and distributing crystallized methamphetamine to secure his family's financial future before he dies, while navigating the dangers of the criminal underworld.

Breaking Bad [SEP] Introduction


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Context: and the third one?

Context: Giancarlo Esposito

Context: how is whitman connected to this show?

Context: is there a fan made film on this?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: It tells the story of Walter White, an underpaid and dispirited high school chemistry teacher who is struggling with a recent diagnosis of stage-three lung cancer. White turns to a life of crime, partnering with his former student Jesse Pinkman, by producing and distributing crystallized methamphetamine to secure his family's financial future before he dies, while navigating the dangers of the criminal underworld.

Question: the protagonist shares name initials with a particular person you said above; what is that person's profession?

Answer: Walt Whitman was an American poet, essayist, and journalist.

Explanation: Walt Whitman (; May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist, and journalist.

Walt Whitman [SEP] Introduction

After a stroke towards the end of his life, Whitman moved to Camden, New Jersey, where his health further declined. When he died at age 72, his funeral was a public event. Whitman's influence on poetry remains strong. Mary Whitall Smith Costelloe argued: "You cannot really understand America without Walt Whitman, without "Leaves of Grass" ... He has expressed that civilization, 'up to date,' as he would say, and no student of the philosophy of history can do without him." Modernist poet Ezra Pound called Whitman "America's poet ... He "is" America."


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Context: and the third one?

Context: Giancarlo Esposito

Context: how is whitman connected to this show?

Context: is there a fan made film on this?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: the protagonist shares name initials with a particular person you said above; what is that person's profession?

Context: Walt Whitman was an American poet, essayist, and journalist.

Question: can you name some of his notable writings?

Answer: Two of his well known poems are "O Captain! My Captain!" and "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd".

Explanation: Two of his well known poems, "O Captain! My Captain!" and "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd", were written on the death of Abraham Lincoln.

Walt Whitman [SEP] Introduction


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Context: and the third one?

Context: Giancarlo Esposito

Context: how is whitman connected to this show?

Context: is there a fan made film on this?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: can you name some of his notable writings?

Context: Two of his well known poems are "O Captain! My Captain!" and "When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd".

Question: was he alcoholic?

Answer: No, he was of the opinion that alcohol should be consumed in monderation. However, later in life he was more liberal with alcohol, enjoying local wines and champagne.

Explanation: Whitman was a vocal proponent of temperance and in his youth rarely drank alcohol. He once stated he did not taste "strong liquor" until he was 30 and occasionally argued for prohibition. One of his earliest long fiction works, the novel "Franklin Evans; or, The Inebriate", first published November 23, 1842, is a temperance novel. Whitman wrote the novel at the height of popularity of the Washingtonian movement, though the movement itself was plagued with contradictions, as was "Franklin Evans". Years later Whitman claimed he was embarrassed by the book and called it "damned rot". He dismissed it by saying he wrote the novel in three days solely for money while he was under the influence of alcohol himself. Even so, he wrote other pieces recommending temperance, including "The Madman" and a short story "Reuben's Last Wish". Later in life he was more liberal with alcohol, enjoying local wines and champagne.

Walt Whitman [SEP] Alcohol


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Context: and the third one?

Context: Giancarlo Esposito

Context: how is whitman connected to this show?

Context: is there a fan made film on this?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: was he alcoholic?

Context: No, he was of the opinion that alcohol should be consumed in monderation. However, later in life he was more liberal with alcohol, enjoying local wines and champagne.

Question: what writing style is applied in his latter mentioned poem?

Answer: The poem uses many of the literary techniques associated with the pastoral elegy, a meditative lyric genre derived from the poetic tradition of Greek and Roman antiquity.

When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd [SEP] Style and techniques

The poem uses many of the literary techniques associated with the pastoral elegy, a meditative lyric genre derived from the poetic tradition of Greek and Roman antiquity. Literary scholar Harold Bloom writes that "Elegies often have been used for political purposes, as a means of healing the nation." A pastoral elegy uses rural imagery to address the poet's grief—a "poetic response to death" that seeks "to transmute the fact of death into an imaginatively acceptable form, to reaffirm what death has called into question—the integrity of the pastoral image of contentment." An elegy seeks, also, to "attempt to preserve the meaning of an individual's life as something of positive value when that life itself has ceased." A typical pastoral elegy contains several features, including "a procession of mourners, the decoration of a hearse or grave, a list of flowers, the changing of the seasons, and the association of the dead person with a star or other permanent natural object." This includes a discussion of the death, expressions of mourning, grief, anger, and consolation, and the poet's simultaneous acceptance of death's inevitability and hope for immortality.


Context: who did gus kill with a box cutter

Context: what does this cutter refers to?

Context: who directed this season?

Context: Adam Bernstein

Context: from where has its concept developed?

Context: Bryan Cranston

Context: and the third one?

Context: Giancarlo Esposito

Context: how is whitman connected to this show?

Context: is there a fan made film on this?

Context: what is the storyline of this series?

Context: was he alcoholic?

Context: what writing style is applied in his latter mentioned poem?

Context: The poem uses many of the literary techniques associated with the pastoral elegy, a meditative lyric genre derived from the poetic tradition of Greek and Roman antiquity.

Question: the first literary technique that you mentioned just; what does that mean?

Answer: It is a poem about both death and idyllic rural life.

Pastoral elegy [SEP] Introduction

The pastoral elegy is a poem about both death and idyllic rural life. Often, the pastoral elegy features shepherds. The genre is actually a subgroup of pastoral poetry, as the elegy takes the pastoral elements and relates them to expressing grief at a loss. This form of poetry has several key features, including the invocation of the Muse, expression of the shepherd's, or poet's, grief, praise of the deceased, a tirade against death, a detailing of the effects of this specific death upon nature, and eventually, the poet's simultaneous acceptance of death's inevitability and hope for immortality. Additional features sometimes found within pastoral elegies include a procession of mourners, satirical digressions about different topics stemming from the death, and symbolism through flowers, refrains, and rhetorical questions.


Question: what is the gold dollar?

Answer: A gold coin

Gold dollar [SEP] Introduction

The gold dollar or gold one-dollar piece is a gold coin that was struck as a regular issue by the United States Bureau of the Mint from 1849 to 1889. The coin had three types over its lifetime, all designed by Mint Chief Engraver James B. Longacre. The Type 1 issue has the smallest diameter of any United States coin minted to date. A gold dollar coin had been proposed several times in the 1830s and 1840s, but was not initially adopted. Congress was finally galvanized into action by the increased supply of bullion caused by the California gold rush, and in 1849 authorized a gold dollar.


Context:
what is the gold dollar?
A gold coin

Question: when was it first struck?

Answer: 1849

Gold dollar [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is the gold dollar?
A gold coin
when was it first struck?
1849

Question: and who issued this coin?

Answer: United States Bureau of the Mint

Gold dollar [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is the gold dollar?
A gold coin
when was it first struck?
1849
and who issued this coin?
United States Bureau of the Mint

Question: what is this coin made of?

Answer: Gold

Explanation: The gold dollar or gold one-dollar piece is a gold coin

Gold dollar [SEP] Introduction


Context:
what is the gold dollar?
A gold coin
when was it first struck?
1849
and who issued this coin?
United States Bureau of the Mint
what is this coin made of?
Gold

Question: who is the design of the coin attributed to?

Answer: James B. Longacre

Explanation: he coin had three types over its lifetime, all designed by Mint Chief Engraver James B. Longacre.

Gold dollar [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is the gold dollar?

Context: A gold coin

Context: when was it first struck?

Context: and who issued this coin?

Context: United States Bureau of the Mint

Context: what is this coin made of?

Context: Gold

Context: who is the design of the coin attributed to?

Context: James B. Longacre

Question: where is he from?

Answer: Delaware County, Pennsylvania

James B. Longacre [SEP] Introduction

James Barton Longacre (August 11, 1794 – January 1, 1869) was an American portraitist and engraver, and the fourth Chief Engraver of the United States Mint from 1844 until his death. Longacre is best known for designing the Indian Head cent, which entered commerce in 1859, and for the designs of the Shield nickel, Flying Eagle cent and other coins of the mid-19th century. Longacre was born in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, in 1794. He ran away to Philadelphia at age 12, where he became an apprentice in a bookstore. His artistic talent developed and he was released to apprentice in an engraving firm.


Context: what is the gold dollar?

Context: A gold coin

Context: when was it first struck?

Context: and who issued this coin?

Context: United States Bureau of the Mint

Context: what is this coin made of?

Context: Gold

Context: James B. Longacre

Context: where is he from?

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania

Question: did he participate in any war?

Answer: No

Explanation: James Barton Longacre (August 11, 1794 – January 1, 1869) was an American portraitist and engraver, and the fourth Chief Engraver of the United States Mint from 1844 until his death.

James B. Longacre [SEP] Introduction


Context: what is the gold dollar?

Context: A gold coin

Context: when was it first struck?

Context: and who issued this coin?

Context: United States Bureau of the Mint

Context: what is this coin made of?

Context: Gold

Context: James B. Longacre

Context: where is he from?

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania

Context: did he participate in any war?

Context: No

Question: has he designed anything else apart from the coin?

Answer: Yes, Indian Head cent, Shield nickel, and Flying Eagle cent.

Explanation: Longacre is best known for designing the Indian Head cent, which entered commerce in 1859, and for the designs of the Shield nickel, Flying Eagle cent and other coins of the mid-19th century.

James B. Longacre [SEP] Introduction

Peale and Patterson nearly had Longacre fired, but the chief engraver was able to convince Treasury Secretary William M. Meredith that he should be retained. Both Patterson and Peale left the Mint in the early 1850s, ending the conflict.


Context: what is the gold dollar?

Context: A gold coin

Context: when was it first struck?

Context: and who issued this coin?

Context: United States Bureau of the Mint

Context: what is this coin made of?

Context: Gold

Context: James B. Longacre

Context: where is he from?

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania

Context: did he participate in any war?

Context: No

Context: has he designed anything else apart from the coin?

Context: Yes, Indian Head cent, Shield nickel, and Flying Eagle cent.

Question: has any changes happened to the coin or the design of the coin?

Answer: Yes, five major varieties from Philadelphia.

Gold dollar [SEP] Modifications

Mint records indicate the first gold dollars were produced on May 7, 1849; Longacre's diary notes state instead that the first were struck on May 8. A few coins in proof condition were struck on the first day, along with about 1,000 for circulation. There are five major varieties of the 1849 gold dollar from Philadelphia, made as Longacre continued to fine-tune the design. Mintmarked dies were sent by Longacre's Engraving Department at the Philadelphia Mint to the branch mints at Charlotte, Dahlonega (in Georgia), and New Orleans; coins struck at the branches resemble some of the types issued from Philadelphia, depending on when the dies were produced.


Context: what is the gold dollar?

Context: A gold coin

Context: when was it first struck?

Context: and who issued this coin?

Context: United States Bureau of the Mint

Context: what is this coin made of?

Context: Gold

Context: James B. Longacre

Context: where is he from?

Context: Delaware County, Pennsylvania

Context: did he participate in any war?

Context: No

Context: has any changes happened to the coin or the design of the coin?

Context: Yes, five major varieties from Philadelphia.

Question: did the circulation of these coins come to an end?

Answer: Yes, it was abolished by Congress.

Gold dollar [SEP] Final years, abolition, and collecting

Kimball, before he left office in 1889, writing to Congress that except as jewelry, "little practical use has been found for this coin". Later that year, the new director, Edward O. Leech, issued a report stating that the gold dollar "is too small for circulation, and ... [is] used almost exclusively for the purposes of ornament. The last year in which the gold dollar was struck was 1889. Congress abolished the gold dollar, along with the three-cent nickel and three-dollar piece, by the Act of September 26, 1890.


Question: where did 1927 fa cup final take place?

Answer: It took place at the Empire Stadium.

Explanation: Empire Stadium

1927 FA Cup Final [SEP] Introduction

The 1927 FA Cup Final was an association football match between Cardiff City and Arsenal on 23 April 1927 at the Empire Stadium (the original Wembley Stadium). The final was the showpiece match of English football's primary cup competition, the Football Association Challenge Cup (FA Cup), organised by the Football Association. Cardiff, one of the few Welsh teams taking part, won the match 1–0. Their victory remains the only occasion the trophy, which was previously known as the "English Cup", has been won by a team based outside England. The teams entered the competition in the third round as members of the Football League First Division and progressed through five rounds to reach the final.


Context:
where did 1927 fa cup final take place?
It took place at the Empire Stadium.

Question: which were its team?

Answer: Cardiff City and Arsenal

Explanation: Cardiff City and Arsenal

1927 FA Cup Final [SEP] Introduction


Context:
where did 1927 fa cup final take place?
It took place at the Empire Stadium.
which were its team?
Cardiff City and Arsenal

Question: did the former or the latter win?

Answer: Cardiff City

Explanation: Cardiff City

1927 FA Cup Final [SEP] Summary

Cardiff City captain Fred Keenor won the coin toss for his side, and so Ferguson kicked off the match. Shortly afterwards Arsenal won a free kick and the ball went into Cardiff's penalty area for the first time but was cleared by Tom Watson. Irving went on a run on the right side of the pitch, but Arsenal defender Andy Kennedy stopped the play. Arsenal attacked again, and Sloan dodged several tackles before a pass to Hoar caused the chance to break down as he had moved offside. A direct free kick was given to Arsenal shortly afterwards, but the shot by Parker from was saved by Farquharson for Cardiff.


Context:
where did 1927 fa cup final take place?
It took place at the Empire Stadium.
which were its team?
Cardiff City and Arsenal
did the former or the latter win?
Cardiff City

Question: where is this team from?

Answer: Cardiff, Wales

Explanation: Cardiff, Wales

Cardiff City F.C. [SEP] Introduction

Cardiff City Football Club () is a professional association football club based in Cardiff, Wales. It competes in the Championship, the second tier of the English football league system. Founded in 1899 as Riverside A.F.C., the club changed its name to Cardiff City in 1908 and entered the Southern Football League in 1910 before joining the English Football League in 1920. The team have spent 17 seasons in the top tier of English football, the longest period being between 1921 and 1929. Their most recent season in the top flight was the 2018–19 Premier League season. Cardiff is the only team from outside England to have won the FA Cup, doing so in 1927.


Context:
where did 1927 fa cup final take place?
It took place at the Empire Stadium.
which were its team?
Cardiff City and Arsenal
did the former or the latter win?
Cardiff City
where is this team from?
Cardiff, Wales

Question: when was it formed?

Answer: 1899

Cardiff City F.C. [SEP] Introduction


Question: who is the oldest living person in the bible

Answer: Methuselah

Methuselah [SEP] Introduction

Methuselah () ( "Məṯūšélaḥ", in pausa "Məṯūšā́laḥ", "Man of the javelin" or "Death of Sword"; "Mathousalá") was a biblical patriarch and a figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Said to have died at the age of 969, he lived the longest of all figures mentioned in the Bible. According to the Book of Genesis, Methuselah was the son of Enoch, the father of Lamech, and the grandfather of Noah. Elsewhere in the Bible, Methuselah is mentioned in genealogies in 1st Chronicles and the Gospel of Luke. His life is described in further detail in extra-biblical religious texts such as the Book of Enoch, Slavonic Enoch, and the Book of Moses.


Context: who is the oldest living person in the bible

Context: Methuselah

Question: who was he?

Answer: He  was the son of Enoch

Explanation: was the son of Enoch

Methuselah [SEP] Introduction


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Question: how old was he?

Answer: 969 years

Methuselah [SEP] Introduction


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Question: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Answer: Book of Genesis, 1st Chronicles and the Gospel of Luke.

Explanation: Book of Genesis, Methuselah was the son of Enoch, the father of Lamech, and the grandfather of Noah. Elsewhere in the Bible, Methuselah is mentioned in genealogies in 1st Chronicles and the Gospel of Luke.

Methuselah [SEP] Introduction


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Context: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Context: Book of Genesis, 1st Chronicles and the Gospel of Luke.

Question: does he symbolize anything?

Answer: Methuselah serves the symbolic function of linking the Creation and the Flood, as Adam would have died during Methuselah's lifetime and Methuselah could have learned about the Garden of Eden

Methuselah [SEP] Symbolic

Methuselah's father Enoch, who does not die but is taken by God, is the seventh patriarch, and Methuselah, the eighth, dies in the year of the Flood, which ends the ten-generational sequence from Adam to Noah, in whose time the world is destroyed. Boia believes that Methuselah serves the symbolic function of linking the Creation and the Flood, as Adam would have died during Methuselah's lifetime and Methuselah could have learned about the Garden of Eden from Adam. The kings of the "Sumerian King List" lived for over a thousand years, and Mesopotamians believed both that living over a thousand years made someone divine or somewhat divine, and that their contemporary kings were descended from the kings of the "Sumerian King List".


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Context: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Context: does he symbolize anything?

Context: Methuselah serves the symbolic function of linking the Creation and the Flood, as Adam would have died during Methuselah's lifetime and Methuselah could have learned about the Garden of Eden

Question: has he been referred in any other art form?

Answer: Yes,  A -year-old Great Basin bristlecone pine ("Pinus longaeva") tree growing high in the White Mountains of Inyo County in eastern California is called Methuselah.  The character Flint from the "" episode "Requiem for Methuselah" is a nearly-immortal man who was born in ancient Mesopotamia. His identities include Methuselah.

Explanation:
 A -year-old Great Basin bristlecone pine ("Pinus longaeva") tree growing high in the White Mountains of Inyo County in eastern California is called Methuselah.

The lyrics of Ira Gershwin's song "It Ain't Necessarily So" (1935) cast doubt on various aspects of the Bible, such as the idea that Methuselah lived so long, the idea that the devil is evil, the story of Jonah, and the story of David and Goliath.

The character Flint from the "" episode "Requiem for Methuselah" is a nearly-immortal man who was born in ancient Mesopotamia. His identities include Methuselah,

Methuselah [SEP] Cultural influence

The lyrics of Ira Gershwin's song "It Ain't Necessarily So" (1935) cast doubt on various aspects of the Bible, such as the idea that Methuselah lived so long, the idea that the devil is evil, the story of Jonah, and the story of David and Goliath. The character Flint from the "" episode "Requiem for Methuselah" is a nearly-immortal man who was born in ancient Mesopotamia. His identities include Methuselah, Alexander the Great, Solomon, Lazarus of Bethany, Leonardo da Vinci and Johannes Brahms. Flint becomes lonely after living for a time on a deserted planet, and creates an immortal gynoid to keep him company.


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Context: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Context: does he symbolize anything?

Context: has he been referred in any other art form?

Context: Yes,  A -year-old Great Basin bristlecone pine ("Pinus longaeva") tree growing high in the White Mountains of Inyo County in eastern California is called Methuselah.  The character Flint from the "" episode "Requiem for Methuselah" is a nearly-immortal man who was born in ancient Mesopotamia. His identities include Methuselah.

Question: what is the premise of the episode?

Answer: The crew of the Federation starship "Enterprise" is struck with deadly Rigellian fever, for which the only treatment is the mineral ryetalyn. Captain Kirk, first officer Spock and medical officer Dr. McCoy beam down to the planet Holberg 917-G

Requiem for Methuselah [SEP] Plot

The crew of the Federation starship "Enterprise" is struck with deadly Rigellian fever, for which the only treatment is the mineral ryetalyn. Captain Kirk, first officer Spock and medical officer Dr. McCoy beam down to the planet Holberg 917-G in search of the substance and are attacked by an airborne robot, which is called off by its master, Flint. Flint demands they leave immediately, but Kirk orders the "Enterprise" to fire phasers on their coordinates if they are attacked. Acknowledging a stalemate, Flint agrees to let them remain long enough to obtain the ryetalyn. Flint offers the help of his sentry robot M4 to gather the mineral and escorts them to his home, which has an impressive art collection.


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Context: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Context: does he symbolize anything?

Context: what is the premise of the episode?

Context: The crew of the Federation starship "Enterprise" is struck with deadly Rigellian fever, for which the only treatment is the mineral ryetalyn. Captain Kirk, first officer Spock and medical officer Dr. McCoy beam down to the planet Holberg 917-G

Question: who produced it?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Requiem for Methuselah [SEP] Plot


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Context: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Context: does he symbolize anything?

Context: what is the premise of the episode?

Context: who produced it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Question: when was it premiered?

Answer: February 14, 1969

Explanation: February 14, 1969

Requiem for Methuselah [SEP] Introduction

"Requiem for Methuselah" is the nineteenth episode of the of the American science fiction television series "". Written by Jerome Bixby and directed by Murray Golden, it was first broadcast on February 14, 1969. In the episode, the crew of the "Enterprise" encounters an immortal human. Its repeat broadcast, on September 2, 1969, was the last official telecast of the series to air on NBC. "Star Trek" would immediately appear in syndication on the following Monday, September 8, a full three years after its debut.


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Context: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Context: does he symbolize anything?

Context: what is the premise of the episode?

Context: who produced it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: February 14, 1969

Question: where?

Answer: NBC

Explanation: NBC


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Context: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Context: does he symbolize anything?

Context: what is the premise of the episode?

Context: who produced it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: February 14, 1969

Context: where?

Context: NBC

Question: what does it stand for?

Answer: National Broadcasting Company

Explanation: National Broadcasting Company

NBC [SEP] Introduction

The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial terrestrial radio and television network owned by NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is headquartered at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York City, with additional major offices near Los Angeles (at 10 Universal City Plaza), Chicago (at the NBC Tower), and Philadelphia (at the Comcast Technology Center). NBC is one of the Big Three television networks, and is sometimes referred to as the "Peacock Network", in reference to its stylized peacock logo, introduced in 1956 to promote the company's innovations in early color broadcasting; it became the network's official emblem in 1979.


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

Context: how old was he?

Context: 969 years

Context: where in bible is his name mentioned?

Context: does he symbolize anything?

Context: what is the premise of the episode?

Context: who produced it?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: when was it premiered?

Context: February 14, 1969

Context: where?

Context: NBC

Context: what does it stand for?

Context: National Broadcasting Company

Question: when was it established?

Answer: 1926

Explanation: Founded in 1926

NBC [SEP] Introduction

Founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. At that time, the parent company of RCA was General Electric (GE). In 1932, GE was forced to sell RCA and NBC as a result of antitrust charges. In 1986, control of NBC passed back to General Electric (GE) through its $6.4 billion purchase of RCA. GE immediately began to liquidate RCA's various divisions, but retained NBC. After the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright became chief executive officer of NBC; he would remain in that position until his retirement in 2007, when he was succeeded by Jeff Zucker.


Context: Methuselah

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Context: He  was the son of Enoch

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Context: 969 years

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Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: February 14, 1969

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Context: NBC

Context: what does it stand for?

Context: National Broadcasting Company

Context: when was it established?

Question: who owns it?

Answer: NBCUniversal

Explanation: owned by NBCUniversal,

NBC [SEP] Introduction


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Context: February 14, 1969

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Context: NBC

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Context: National Broadcasting Company

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Context: NBCUniversal

Question: where is it headquartered?

Answer: New York City

Explanation: New York City

NBC [SEP] Introduction


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Context: He  was the son of Enoch

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Context: 969 years

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Context: February 14, 1969

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Context: NBC

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Context: National Broadcasting Company

Context: when was it established?

Context: who owns it?

Context: NBCUniversal

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: New York City

Question: does it have any news channel?

Answer: Yes,  "Today", "NBC Nightly News", CNBC

NBC [SEP] NBC News

News coverage has long been an important part of NBC's operations and public image, dating to the network's radio days. Notable NBC News productions past and present include "Today", "NBC Nightly News" (and its immediate predecessor, the "Huntley-Brinkley Report"), "Meet the Press" (which has the distinction of the longest continuously running program in the history of American television), "Dateline NBC", "Early Today", "NBC News at Sunrise", "NBC Nightside" and "Rock Center with Brian Williams". In 1989, the news division began its expansion to cable with the launch of business news channel CNBC. The company eventually formed other cable news services including MSNBC (created in 1996 originally as a joint venture with Microsoft, which now features a mix of general news and political discussion programs with a liberal stance), and the 2008 acquisition of The Weather Channel in conjunction with Blackstone Group and Bain Capital.


Context: Methuselah

Context: who was he?

Context: He  was the son of Enoch

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Context: 969 years

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Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: February 14, 1969

Context: where?

Context: NBC

Context: what does it stand for?

Context: National Broadcasting Company

Context: when was it established?

Context: who owns it?

Context: NBCUniversal

Context: where is it headquartered?

Context: New York City

Context: does it have any news channel?

Context: Yes,  "Today", "NBC Nightly News", CNBC

Question: who are its partners?

Answer: Solar Entertainment

Explanation: Solar Entertainment

NBC [SEP] Regional partners

Through regional partners, NBC-produced programs are seen in some countries in the continent. In the Philippines, Jack TV (owned by Solar Entertainment) airs "Will & Grace" and "Saturday Night Live", while TalkTV airs "The Tonight Show" and NBC News programs including the weekday and weekend editions of "Today", "Early Today", "Dateline NBC" and "NBC Nightly News". Solar TV formerly broadcast "The Jay Leno Show" from 2009 to 2010. In Hong Kong, English language free-to-air channel TVB Pearl (operated by TVB) airs live broadcasts of "NBC Nightly News", as well as other select NBC programs.


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Context: February 14, 1969

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Context: NBCUniversal

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Context: New York City

Context: does it have any news channel?

Context: Yes,  "Today", "NBC Nightly News", CNBC

Context: who are its partners?

Context: Solar Entertainment

Question: how does their logo look like?

Answer: Stylized peacock designs

Explanation: stylized peacock designs,

NBC [SEP] Evolution of the NBC logo

NBC has used a number of logos throughout its history; early logos used by the television and radio networks were similar to the logo of its then parent company, RCA. Logos used later in NBC's existence incorporated stylized peacock designs, including the current version that has been in use since 1986.


Question: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Answer: Hydrogen and helium

Atmosphere of Uranus [SEP] Introduction

The atmosphere of Uranus is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. At depth it is significantly enriched in volatiles (dubbed "ices") such as water, ammonia and methane. The opposite is true for the upper atmosphere, which contains very few gases heavier than hydrogen and helium due to its low temperature. Uranus's atmosphere is the coldest of all the planets, with its temperature reaching as low as 49 K. The Uranian atmosphere can be divided into five main layers: the troposphere, between altitudes of −600 and 50 km and pressures from 100 to 0.1 bar; the stratosphere, spanning altitudes between 50 and 4000 km and pressures of between and the hot thermosphere (and exosphere) extending from an altitude of 4,056 km to several Uranian radii from the nominal surface at 1 bar pressure.


Context:
what is uranus's atmosphere made out of
Hydrogen and helium

Question: describe corona of hydrogen?

Answer: The exosphere is unusually extended, reaching as far as several Uranian radii from the planet. It is made mainly of hydrogen atoms and is often called the hydrogen corona of Uranus

Atmosphere of Uranus [SEP] Hydrogen corona

The upper part of the thermosphere, where the mean free path of the molecules exceeds the scale height, is called the exosphere. The lower boundary of the Uranian exosphere, the exobase, is located at a height of about 6,500 km, or 1/4 of the planetary radius, above the surface. The exosphere is unusually extended, reaching as far as several Uranian radii from the planet. It is made mainly of hydrogen atoms and is often called the hydrogen corona of Uranus. The high temperature and relatively high pressure at the base of the thermosphere explain in part why Uranus's exosphere is so vast.


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: Hydrogen and helium

Context: describe corona of hydrogen?

Context: The exosphere is unusually extended, reaching as far as several Uranian radii from the planet. It is made mainly of hydrogen atoms and is often called the hydrogen corona of Uranus

Question: how is it explored?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Atmosphere of Uranus [SEP] Observation and exploration

Although there is no well-defined solid surface within Uranus's interior, the outermost part of Uranus's gaseous envelope (the region accessible to remote sensing) is called its atmosphere. Remote sensing capability extends down to roughly 300 km below the 1 bar level, with a corresponding pressure around 100 bar and temperature of 320 K. The observational history of the Uranian atmosphere is long and full of error and frustration. Uranus is a relatively faint object, and its visible angular diameter is smaller than 5″. The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins, who found a number of broad dark bands, which they were unable to identify.


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Context: Hydrogen and helium

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Question: who discovered the planet?

Answer: The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins

Explanation: The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins,


Context: what is uranus's atmosphere made out of

Context: Hydrogen and helium

Context: describe corona of hydrogen?

Context: how is it explored?

Context: UNANSWERABLE

Context: who discovered the planet?

Context: The first spectra of Uranus were observed through a prism in 1869 and 1871 by Angelo Secchi and William Huggins

Question: mention a few of his technical works?

Answer: He invented the Secchi disk

Explanation: He invented the Secchi disk

Angelo Secchi [SEP] Other scientific and technical work

Secchi was active in oceanography, meteorology, and physics, as well as astronomy. He invented the Secchi disk, which is used to measure water transparency in oceans, lakes and fish farms. He studied the climate of Rome and invented a "Meteorograph" for the convenient recording of several categories of weather data. He also studied the aurora borealis, the effects of lightning, and the cause of hail. He organized the systematic monitoring of the Earth's magnetic field, and in 1858 established a magnetic observatory in Rome. Secchi also performed related technical works for the Papal government, such as overseeing placement of sundials and repair or installation of municipal water systems.


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Context: Hydrogen and helium

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Context: who discovered the planet?

Context: mention a few of his technical works?

Context: He invented the Secchi disk

Question: what does the disk do?

Answer: It measures water transparency or turbidity in bodies of water

Secchi disk [SEP] Introduction

The Secchi disk (or Secchi disc), as created in 1865 by Angelo Secchi, is a plain white, circular disk in diameter used to measure water transparency or turbidity in bodies of water. The disc is mounted on a pole or line, and lowered slowly down in the water. The depth at which the disk is no longer visible is taken as a measure of the transparency of the water. This measure is known as the Secchi depth and is related to water turbidity. Since its invention, the disk has also been used in a modified, smaller diameter, black and white design to measure freshwater transparency.


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Context: Hydrogen and helium

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Context: who discovered the planet?

Context: mention a few of his technical works?

Context: He invented the Secchi disk

Context: what does the disk do?

Context: It measures water transparency or turbidity in bodies of water

Question: when was it invented?

Answer: 1865

Explanation: The Secchi disk (or Secchi disc), as created in 1865 by Angelo Secchi,

Secchi disk [SEP] Introduction


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Question: what are angelo's unfinished works?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Secchi disk [SEP] Introduction


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Question: where is he from?

Answer: Italian region of Emilia

Angelo Secchi [SEP] Introduction

Angelo Secchi (; 28 June 1818 – 26 February 1878) was an Italian Catholic priest, astronomer by the Italian region of Emilia. He was director of the observatory at the Pontifical Gregorian University (then called the Roman College) for 28 years. He was a pioneer in astronomical spectroscopy, and was one of the first scientists to state authoritatively that the Sun is a star.


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Context: UNANSWERABLE

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Context: Italian region of Emilia

Question: are there any works on telescope associated with the second discoverer of the aforementioned planet?

Answer: He established an 18-inch diameter reflecting telescope in 1870

William Huggins [SEP] Telescopes

In 1856 Huggins acquired a 5-inch diameter aperture telescope by Dollond. In 1858 an 8-inch telescope by Clark was added. These were both refracting telescopes. (glass objectives) Huggins also established an 18-inch diameter reflecting telescope in 1870.


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Context: Italian region of Emilia

Context: are there any works on telescope associated with the second discoverer of the aforementioned planet?

Context: He established an 18-inch diameter reflecting telescope in 1870

Question: where is he from?

Answer: Cornhill, Middlesex

William Huggins [SEP] Biography

William Huggins was born at Cornhill, Middlesex, in 1824. In 1875, he married Margaret Lindsay, daughter of John Murray of Dublin, who also had an interest in astronomy and scientific research. She encouraged her husband's photography and helped to put their research on a systematic footing. Huggins built a private observatory at 90 Upper Tulse Hill, London, from where he and his wife carried out extensive observations of the spectral emission lines and absorption lines of various celestial objects. On 29 August 1864, Huggins was the first to take the spectrum of a planetary nebula when he analysed NGC 6543.


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Context: Italian region of Emilia

Context: where is he from?

Context: Cornhill, Middlesex

Question: mention a few literary works from the latter place?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

William Huggins [SEP] Biography


Question: windows server 2012 r2 datacenter vs windows server 2012 r2 standard

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Windows Server 2012 [SEP] Introduction

Windows Server 2012 is the fifth version of the Windows Server operating system by Microsoft, as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems. It is the server version of Windows based on Windows 8 and succeeds Windows 7-based Windows Server 2008 R2, released two years prior. Two pre-release versions, a developer preview and a beta version, were released during development. The software was generally available to customers starting on September 4, 2012, by Microsoft. A successor was released on October 18, 2013, entitled Windows Server 2012 R2. Microsoft will end its extended support for Windows Server 2012 on October 10, 2023.


Context: windows server 2012 r2 datacenter vs windows server 2012 r2 standard

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Question: what is this windows server 2012?

Answer: It is the fifth version of the Windows Server operating system by Microsoft, as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems.

Explanation: Windows Server 2012 is the fifth version of the Windows Server operating system by Microsoft, as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems. It is the server version of Windows based on Windows 8 and succeeds Windows 7-based Windows Server 2008 R2, released two years prior.

Windows Server 2012 [SEP] Introduction


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Context: what is this windows server 2012?

Context: It is the fifth version of the Windows Server operating system by Microsoft, as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems.

Question: how was it received among the users?

Answer: Many business users are sticking with what the have due to lack of exchange.

Windows Server 2012 [SEP] Reception

However, Michael Otey of Windows IT Pro expressed dislike with the new Metro interface and the lack of ability to use the older desktop interface alone, saying that most users of Windows Server manage their servers using the graphical user interface rather than PowerShell. The Australian construction company Kennards found the OS stable. Paul Ferrill wrote that "Windows Server 2012 Essentials provides all the pieces necessary to provide centralized file storage, client backups, and remote access," but Tim Anderson contended that "Many businesses that are using SBS2011 and earlier will want to stick with what they have", citing the absence of Exchange, the lack of ability to synchronize with Active Directory Federation Services and the 25-user limit, while Paul Thurott wrote "you should choose Foundation only if you have at least some in-company IT staff and/or are comfortable outsourcing management to a Microsoft partner or solution provider" and "Essentials is, in my mind, ideal for any modern startup of just a few people."


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Context: what is this windows server 2012?

Context: how was it received among the users?

Context: Many business users are sticking with what the have due to lack of exchange.

Question: are there any updates in its task manager?

Answer: In the new version the tabs are hidden by default, showing applications only.

Windows Server 2012 [SEP] Task Manager

Windows Server 2012 includes a new version of Windows Task Manager together with the old version. In the new version the tabs are hidden by default, showing applications only. In the new Processes tab, the processes are displayed in varying shades of yellow, with darker shades representing heavier resource use. Information found in the older versions are now moved to the new Details tab. The Performance tab shows "CPU", "Memory", "Disk", "Wi-Fi" and "Ethernet" graphs. Unlike the Windows 8 version of Task Manager (which looks similar), the "Disk" activity graph is not enabled by default. The CPU tab no longer displays individual graphs for every logical processor on the system by default, although that remains an option.


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Context: what is this windows server 2012?

Context: how was it received among the users?

Context: are there any updates in its task manager?

Context: In the new version the tabs are hidden by default, showing applications only.

Question: when was it launched?

Answer: September 4, 2012

Explanation: The software was generally available to customers starting on September 4, 2012, by Microsoft.

Windows Server 2012 [SEP] Introduction


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Context: when was it launched?

Context: September 4, 2012

Question: who owns the company which developed it?

Answer: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Microsoft [SEP] Introduction

Microsoft (the word being a portmanteau of "microcomputer software") was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April 4, 1975, to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800. It rose to dominate the personal computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by Microsoft Windows. The company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO), and subsequent rise in its share price, created three billionaires and an estimated 12,000 millionaires among Microsoft employees. Since the 1990s, it has increasingly diversified from the operating system market and has made a number of corporate acquisitions, their largest being the acquisition of LinkedIn for $26.2 billion in December 2016, followed by their acquisition of Skype Technologies for $8.5 billion in May 2011.


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Context: when was it launched?

Context: September 4, 2012

Context: who owns the company which developed it?

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Question: how is their logo designed?

Answer: The Logo has 4 color squares each representing Windows, Office, Xbox and Bing.

Explanation: The new logo also includes four squares with the colors of the then-current Windows logo which have been used to represent Microsoft's four major products: Windows (blue), Office (red), Xbox (green) and Bing (yellow). The logo resembles the opening of one of the commercials for Windows 95.

Microsoft [SEP] Logo


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Context: September 4, 2012

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: how is their logo designed?

Context: The Logo has 4 color squares each representing Windows, Office, Xbox and Bing.

Question: were there any lay off of the employees from the company?

Answer: Yes.

Microsoft [SEP] Layoffs

In July 2014, Microsoft announced plans to lay off 18,000 employees. Microsoft employed 127,104 people as of June 5, 2014, making this about a 14 percent reduction of its workforce as the biggest Microsoft lay off ever. This included 12,500 professional and factory personnel. Previously, Microsoft had eliminated 5,800 jobs in 2009 in line with the Great Recession of 2008–2017. In September 2014, Microsoft laid off 2,100 people, including 747 people in the Seattle–Redmond area, where the company is headquartered. The firings came as a second wave of the layoffs that were previously announced. This brought the total number to over 15,000 out of the 18,000 expected cuts.


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Context: when was it launched?

Context: September 4, 2012

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: how is their logo designed?

Context: were there any lay off of the employees from the company?

Context: Yes.

Question: what is the reason behind it?

Answer: The Great Recession

Microsoft [SEP] Layoffs


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Context: how was it received among the users?

Context: when was it launched?

Context: September 4, 2012

Context: Bill Gates and Paul Allen

Context: how is their logo designed?

Context: Yes.

Context: what is the reason behind it?

Context: The Great Recession

Question: why is it termed so?

Answer: It was a period that marked the general decline observed in national economies globally between 2007-2009. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded that it was the most severe economic and financial meltdown since the Great Depression. Hence, the Great Recession.

Explanation: The Great Recession was a period of marked general decline (recession) observed in national economies globally that occurred between 2007–2009. The scale and timing of the recession varied from country to country (see map). At the time, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded that it was the most severe economic and financial meltdown since the Great Depression.

Great Recession [SEP] Introduction

This 2007–2008 phase was called the subprime mortgage crisis. The combination of banks unable to provide funds to businesses, and homeowners paying down debt rather than borrowing and spending, resulted in the Great Recession that began in the U.S. officially in December 2007 and lasted until June 2009, thus extending over 19 months. As with most other recessions, it appears that no known formal theoretical or empirical model was able to accurately predict the advance of this recession, except for minor signals in the sudden rise of forecasted probabilities, which were still well under 50%. The recession was not felt equally around the world; whereas most of the world's developed economies, particularly in North America, South America and Europe, fell into a severe, sustained recession, many more recently developed economies suffered far less impact, particularly China, India and Indonesia, whose economies grew substantially during this period – similarly, the highly developed country of Australia was unaffected, having experienced uninterrupted growth since the early 1990s.


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Context: when was it launched?

Context: September 4, 2012

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Context: how is their logo designed?

Context: Yes.

Context: what is the reason behind it?

Context: The Great Recession

Context: why is it termed so?

Context: It was a period that marked the general decline observed in national economies globally between 2007-2009. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded that it was the most severe economic and financial meltdown since the Great Depression. Hence, the Great Recession.

Question: what policy with regards to money does it hold?

Answer: UNANSWERABLE

Great Recession [SEP] Introduction

The Great Recession was a period of marked general decline (recession) observed in national economies globally that occurred between 2007–2009. The scale and timing of the recession varied from country to country (see map). At the time, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded that it was the most severe economic and financial meltdown since the Great Depression. The causes of the Great Recession include a combination of vulnerabilities that developed in the financial system, along with a series of triggering events that began with the bursting of the United States housing bubble in 2005–2006. When housing prices fell and homeowners began to walk away from their mortgages, the value of mortgage-backed securities held by investment banks declined in 2007–2008, causing several to collapse or be bailed out in September 2008.


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Context: September 4, 2012

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Context: Yes.

Context: what is the reason behind it?

Context: The Great Recession

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Context: what policy with regards to money does it hold?

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Question: what are its effects on europe?

Answer: In Europe generally progressed from banking system crises to sovereign debt crises, as many countries elected to bail out their banking systems using taxpayer money. Finally, several countries received bailout packages from the troika (European Commission, European Central Bank, International Monetary Fund), which also implemented a series of emergency measures.

Great Recession [SEP] Effects on Europe

The crisis in Europe generally progressed from banking system crises to sovereign debt crises, as many countries elected to bail out their banking systems using taxpayer money. Greece was different in that it faced large public debts rather than problems within its banking system. Several countries received bailout packages from the troika (European Commission, European Central Bank, International Monetary Fund), which also implemented a series of emergency measures. Many European countries embarked on austerity programs, reducing their budget deficits relative to GDP from 2010 to 2011. For example, according to the "CIA World Factbook" Greece improved its budget deficit from 10.4% GDP in 2010 to 9.6% in 2011.


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Context: September 4, 2012

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Context: how is their logo designed?

Context: Yes.

Context: what is the reason behind it?

Context: The Great Recession

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Context: what are its effects on europe?

Context: In Europe generally progressed from banking system crises to sovereign debt crises, as many countries elected to bail out their banking systems using taxpayer money. Finally, several countries received bailout packages from the troika (European Commission, European Central Bank, International Monetary Fund), which also implemented a series of emergency measures.

Question: can you name a few countries that were not affected?

Answer: Poland, Slovakia, India, Uzbekistan, China & Iran to name a few

Explanation:
Poland and Slovakia were the only two members of the European Union to avoid a GDP recession during the Great Recession. As of December 2009, the Polish economy had not entered recession nor even contracted, while its IMF 2010 GDP growth forecast of 1.9 percent was expected to be upgraded. Analysts identified several causes for the positive economic development in Poland: Extremely low levels of bank lending and a relatively very small mortgage market; the relatively recent dismantling of EU trade barriers and the resulting surge in demand for Polish goods since 2004; Poland being the recipient of direct EU funding since 2004; lack of over-dependence on a single export sector; a tradition of government fiscal responsibility; a relatively large internal market; the free-floating Polish zloty; low labour costs attracting continued foreign direct investment; economic difficulties at the start of the decade, which prompted austerity measures in advance of the world crisis.

While India, Uz

Great Recession [SEP] Countries that avoided recession


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Context: Yes.

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Context: can you name a few countries that were not affected?

Context: Poland, Slovakia, India, Uzbekistan, China & Iran to name a few

Question: what are the responses globally?

Answer: It activated the G-20 Major Economies entity.

Great Recession [SEP] Global responses

Most political responses to the economic and financial crisis has been taken, as seen above, by individual nations. Some coordination took place at the European level, but the need to cooperate at the global level has led leaders to activate the G-20 major economies entity. A first summit dedicated to the crisis took place, at the Heads of state level in November 2008 (2008 G-20 Washington summit). The G-20 countries met in a summit held on November 2008 in Washington to address the economic crisis. Apart from proposals on international financial regulation, they pledged to take measures to support their economy and to coordinate them, and refused any resort to protectionism.