definiens: shall mean, with respect to each country in the Territory, amounts actually received on sales by Schering, its Affiliates or sublicensees on all sales of Licensed Product to an unaffiliated third paIiy ( whether an end - user, a distributor or otherwise),Jand exclusive of rrntercompany transfers or sales in the Territory, less the reasonable and customary deductions from such gross amounts including : ( i ) normal and customary trade, cash and quantity discounts, allowances and credits ; ( ii ) credits or allowances actually granted for damaged goods, returns or rejections of Licensed Product and retroactive price reductions ; ( iii ) sales or similar taxes ( including duties or other governmental charges levied on, absorbed or otherwise imposed on the sale of Licensed Product including, without limitation, value added taxes or other governmental charges otherwise measured by the billing amount, when included in billing ) ; ( iv ) freight, postage, shipping, customs duties and insurance charges ; ( v ) charge back payments and rebates granted to managed health care organizations or their agencies, and purchasers and reimbursers or to trade customers, including but not limited to, wholesalers and chain and pharmacy buying groups ; ( vi ) commissions paid to third parties other than sales personnel and sale representatives or sales agents ; and ( vii ) rebates ( or equivalents thereof ) granted to or charged by national, state or local governmental authorities in a country in the Territory