definiens: means the gross amount invoiced or otherwise charg ed by TGTX, its Affiliates and Sublicensees to Third Parties for a Licensed Produc t, less : ( a ) Normal and customary trade, quantity, cash and disc ounts and credits allowed and taken ; ( b ) Discounts, refunds, rebates, chargebacks, retroacti ve price adjustments, and any other allowances give n and taken which effectively reduce the net selling price ( oth er than such which have already diminished the gros s amount invoiced such as those outlined in Section 1.29(a ) above ), including, without limitation, Medicaid reb ates, institutional rebates or volume discounts ; ( c ) Product returns and allowances ; ( d ) Administrative fees paid to government related grou p purchasing organizations ( e.g., Medicare ) and gov ernment - mandated rebates ; ( e ) Shipping, handling, freight, postage, insurance and transportation charges, but all only to the extent included as a separate line item in the gross amount invoiced ; ( f ) Any tax, tariff or duties imposed on the production, sale, delivery or use of the Licensed Product, in cluding, without limitation, sales, use, excise or value added taxes and customs and duties, but all only to the extent included as a separate line item ( e.g., ) in the gross amo unt invoiced ; and ( g ) Bad debt actually written off during the accounting period ( provided, that any bad debt write - off so t aken which is later reversed shall be added back to Net Sales in the accounting period in which the reversal occu rs )