definiens: means ( 1 ) licenses granted by [COMPANY] or its Affiliatesbefore or after the Effective Date to any Third Party under the [COMPANY] Core Technology PatentRights, the [COMPANY] Manufacturing and Analytical Patent Rights, or the [COMPANY] Manufacturing andAnalytical Know - How ( but not under the [COMPANY] Product - Specific Patent Rights ) to ( a ) useoligonucleotides ( or supply oligonucleotides to end users ) solely to conduct pre - clinical research, or ( b ) enable such Third Party to manufacture or formulate oligonucleotides, where ( i ) such ThirdParty is primarily engaged in providing contract manufacturing or services and is not primarilyengaged in drug discovery, development or commercialization of therapeutics ; and ( ii ) neitherAkcea nor its Affiliates assists such Third Party to identify, discover or make a Product ; and ( 2)material transfer agreements with academic collaborators or non - profit institutions solely toconduct non - commercial research