definiens: means the actual costs and expenses that are incurred by or on behalf of a Party or any Aﬃliates of a Party inundertaking the activities in the course of the Program and that are attributable to the conduct of research activities with respect to theProgram . For purposes of clarity, such costs and expenses shall include ( a ) any internal costs incurred by a Party in connection with theconduct of internal research activities with respect to the Program, which internal costs, in any case, shall be determined by multiplyingthe standard FTE rate by the number of FTEs utilized to conduct such activities, ( b ) any screening related costs for access to screeningtechnology which are not related to FTE ’s ; ( c ) any out - of - pocket expenses incurred in the ﬁling, prosecution, and/or maintenance of thePatent Rights relating to Program IP as allocated according to Section 6.4(c ) ; and ( d ) the actual amounts paid to a Third Party for specificexternal research activities applicable to the Program and/or for obtaining supplies of raw materials or intermediates for the conduct ofthe activities in the course of the Program