definiens: means any corporation or other business entity controlled by, controlling, or under common controlwith another entity, with meaning direct or indirect beneficial ownership of more than fifty percent ( 50 % ) of thevoting stock of such corporation, or more than a fifty percent ( 50 % ) interest in the decision - making authority of such otherunincorporated business entity ; and a corporation in which the maximum amount of stock permitted by law to be held byanother entity is beneficially owned by such other entity . Notwithstanding the foregoing, for purposes of this Agreement, Roche Holdings, Inc. and its affiliates ( other than [COMPANY] and its subsidiaries ) shall not be deemed Affiliates of [COMPANY] unless anduntil [COMPANY] opts to include Roche Holdings, Inc. or such an affiliate as an Affiliate of [COMPANY] by giving written notice to PDL . Forpurposes of this Agreement, shall mean Roche Holdings, Inc. together with its affiliated companies ( other than GNEand its subsidiaries )