definiens: means the gross amount invoiced by [COMPANY] or its Affiliates or any sub - licensees on all sales orother dispositions for value of Product in the Territory ( excluding any sales among [COMPANY] and its Affiliates forresale ), less the following items ( to the extent not previously deducted and included in the gross amount invoiced orotherwise directly paid or incurred by the selling party ): ( i ) any and all promotional allowances, rebates, government mandated rebates ( i.e. Medicaid, etc . ), charge backs, quantity and cash discounts, and other usual and customary discounts to customers actuallyallowed or taken, ( ii ) amounts repaid or credited by reason of rejections, returns or recalls of goods, ( iii ) retroactive price reductions and shelf stock adjustments, ( iv ) any sales, excise, turnover, inventory, value - added, and similar taxes and duties assessedon applicable sales of Products, but excluding national, state or local taxes assessed on income, 5 ( v ) allowances for doubtful accounts accrued in the ordinary course of business in accordancewith [COMPANY] ’s standard practices for doubtful accounts consistently applied, and ( vi ) transportation charges ( including insurance costs ) and handling charges for transportation ofProducts to Third Parties