definiens: means all informat ion pertinent to this Agreement, Initial Research, information in project proposals and project charte rs, and activities made with regard to this Agreeme nt, in whatever form, oral, written, electronic or otherwi se, that is ( a ) marked or designated as confidentia l, ( b ) defined as confidential in this Agreement, or ( c ) of the ty pe that would generally be regarded as confidential or proprietary in the scientific, academic or healthca re communities, and in each case, ( a)–(c ), that is disclosed or provided by or on behalf of a disclosing Party, inc luding its Affiliates, to a receiving Party, includ ing its Affiliates or to any of the receiving Party ’s or it s Affiliates ’ directors, officers, faculty, employe es, contractors, consultants, advisors or agents pursuant to or in c onnection with this Agreement . The contents of this Agreement shall also be treated as the Confidential Informati on of each Party under this Agreement . Notwithstand ing the foregoing, Confidential Information shall not inclu de ( i ) information that is or becomes generally ava ilable to the public other than as a result of any action or inac tion by the receiving Party, ( ii ) information that was received by or becomes available to the receiving Party on a no n - confidential basis from a source other than the d isclosing Party ; provided however, that the source of such in formation was not bound by a confidentiality agreem ent with, or other contractual, legal or fiduciary obligation of confidentiality to, any person or entity with r espect to such information, or ( iii ) information that was known pr ior to the disclosure or is developed independently by or on behalf of the receiving Party or any of its Affilia tes without reference to or use of the information supplied by the disclosing Party under this Agreement . Notwithstand ing anything herein to the contrary, any Work Resul ts shall be the Confidential Information of the Party that o wns such Work Results in accordance with Section 11 .1