definiens: means, with respect to a particular time period, the total amounts invoiced to Third Parties byeither Party, its Affiliates or Sublicensees for sale of Products made during such time period to Third Parties, less the followingdeductions:(a ) discounts, including without limitation cash and quantity discounts, credits, allowances, charge - backpayments, revenue - based bonuses paid to distributors, and rebates, actually granted to trade customers, managed health careorganizations, federal, state, or local government and the agencies, purchasers, and reimbursers of managed healthorganizations or federal, state, or local government ( as required by Law or applicable Regulatory Authorities);(b ) credits or allowances actually given or allowed upon damaged goods, rejections, or returns of suchProducts, including without limitation in connection with recalls;(c ) freight, postage, distribution, shipping, transportation, packing, handling and insurance charges, in theamount of [ * * * ] of the total amounts invoiced;(d ) bad debts actually written off in connection with such Products, not to exceed [ * * * ] of the total amountsinvoiced;(e ) taxes ( other than income or withholding taxes ), duties, tariffs, or other governmental charges levied on thesale of such Products to the extent billed, including without limitation value - added taxes, sales and excise taxes, net of allreimbursements and allowances ; and(f ) costs of customer programs, such as cost effectiveness or patient assistance studies or programs designed toaid in patient compliance with medication schedules in connection with the sales of a Product, solely to the extent suchprograms are mutually agreed upon by the Parties