definiens: means all commercial, technical, scientific and o ther know - how and information, inventions, discoveries, trade secrets, knowledge, technology, methods, processes, practices, formulae, instructions, skills, techniques, procedures, exper iences, ideas, technical assistance, designs, drawi ngs, apparatuses, devices, assembly procedures, computer programs, specifications, data and results ( includ ing biological, chemical, pharmacological, toxicologica l, pharmaceutical, physical and analytical, preclin ical, clinical, safety, manufacturing and quality control data and know - how, including regulatory data, stud y designs and protocols ), and Materials, in all cases, whethe r or not confidential, proprietary, patentable, in written, electronic or any other form now known or hereafter developed, but excluding all Patents 1.45 means, with respect to a Party, the actual knowle dge, without any duty to conduct any inquiry or investigation, with respect to such facts and information of any senior management - leve l employees of such Party who were directly involved in the negotiation of this Agreement with the other Party or any member of such Party ’s senior management