definiens: shall mean, for any period, the gross sales ( as defIned below ) by Procter & Gamble, its Affiliates and sublicensees to Third Parties, attributable to Products, determined by the gross amoWlt invoiced to the purchaser, including, if applicable, the value of all properties and services received in consideration of sales of Products, less : ( i ) normal and customary quantity and/or cash discoWlts, allowances, rebates, customer merchandising and pricing funds ( which ineludes price declines, Procter & Gamble 's Business Development Funds, and managed care discoWlts ), fees paid to distributors measured by the billing amount and charge backs actually allowed or given from the billed amount ; ( ii ) freight, postage, shipping, and insurance expenses ( if separately identified in such invoice ) ; ( iii ) credits or refunds actually allowed for rejected, outdated or returned Product ; and ( iv ) sales and other taxes and duties directly related to the sale, to the extent that such items are included in the gross invoice price ( but not including taxes assessed against the income derived from such sale ) provided that any discoWlts, allowances and rebates, based on overall purchases by the customer of the selling Party may be applied to reduce Net Sales only to the extent of the pro rata amoWlt of such discounts or rebates attributable to the Products included in such overall purchases . Any of the deductions listed above which involves a payment by Procter & Gamble shall be taken as a deduction against aggregate sales for the Fiscal Quarter in which the expense is accrued by Procter & Gamble . For purposes of determining Net Sales, Product shall be deemed to be sold when shipped or to be the subject of a sale upon the delivery of Products to the purchaser or a cOIplllon carrier at the risk of the purchaser and the transfer of title thereto to the purchaser