definiens: means a product derived from, and/or incorporating any of, the ProductImprovements and/or the Cyprium IP ; provided, however, that all future dosage forms, formulations, andmethods of application and/or administration of the Product ( collectively, ) shall beincluded in references to the Product ( and not the Derivative Product ) solely for purposes of determining thequantities of Net Sales and duration for which Royalty Payments on Net Sales are due.41.27 means any expenses that Sentynl or itsAﬃliates actually incurs and reasonably documents in connection with Sentynl ’s research and developmentactivities solely with respect to Mere Extensions, including performance of clinical trials, pre - clinical studies, test method development and stability testing, toxicology, qualiﬁcation and validation, statistical analysis andreport writing, the preparation and submission of any regulatory ﬁlings ( including a New Drug Application, Investigational New Drug Application, or Supplemental New Drug Application ), regulatory aﬀairs with respectto the foregoing, and all other activities necessary or useful or otherwise requested or required by aGovernmental Authority or as a condition or in support of obtaining Healthcare Regulatory Authorizations ofsuch product