definiens: means the amounts ( cash or equivalent to which val ue can be assigned ) actually received by RedHill or its Affiliates in respect of the sale of a Product by RedHill or its Affiliates, less, and following recovery of, the following items ( collect ively, the ) as considered under International Accounting Standards ( IFRS ): ( i ) allowan ces or credits granted to and taken by customers ( i ncluding wholesalers ) for rejections, returns ( including as a result of recalls ), and pro mpt payment and trade, cash and volume discounts or resulting from inventory management ; ( ii ) amounts incurred r esulting from government mandated rebate programs ( or any agency thereof ) ; ( iii ) freight, transport, packing and insurance charges ; ( iv ) taxes, including value added tax, tariffs or import /export or customs, duties ; ( v ) rebates, charge backs and discounts paid or credited ; ( vi ) bad debts ; ( vii ) reasonable quantities of samples ; and ( viii ) royalties paid to third parties in respect of the u se of such third party ’s intellectual property rights necessary for the exercise of the License