definiens: means the gross amount invoiced by or on behalf of Asahi or any of its Affiliates on account of sales ofthe Product, less the following deductions specifically and solely related to the Product and actually allowed:1.55.1 customary trade, cash or quantity discounts actually paid, granted or accrued, to the extent not alreadyreflected in the amount invoiced ; 8CONFIDENTIALEXECUTION VERSION 1.55.2 excise and sales taxes and customs duties to the extent included in the price and separately itemized on theinvoice price ( but specifically excluding, for clarity, any income taxes assessed against the income arising from such sale);1.55.3 packing, freight, shipment and insurance costs to the extent included in the price and separately itemized;1.55.4 amounts actually paid, granted or accrued on ( i ) returns or rejection in accordance with Asahi ’s returnedgoods policy provided to [COMPANY] or ( ii ) recalls;1.55.5 allowances, rebates and bona fide price reductions actually given to trade customers, wholesalers, distributorsand pharmaceutical benefit managers, group purchasing organizations and other managed care organizations ( collectively, ) based upon purchase of the Product and calculated as follows : such allowances, rebates and bona fide pricereductions = A x B / C, where A = aggregate allowances, rebates and bona fide price reductions actually given to allCustomers, B = aggregate sales of the Product to all Customers, and C = aggregate sales of all of Asahi ’s pharmaceuticalproducts including the Product to all Customers ; and1.55.6 compulsory payments and rebates directly related to the sale of the Product paid to a Governmental Authoritypursuant to governmental regulations by reason of any national or local health insurance program or similar program