definiens: shall mean the gross invoiced sell ing price of the Licensed Product(s ) in the form in which they are sold, less the following items bu t only insofar as they actually pertain to the sale of such Licensed Product(s ) by LTI and are included in such gross selling price, a ) to the extent such items ( except items ( i ) and ( vi ) ) are separately billed ; i ) Usual trade discounts actually allowed ( other th an advertising allowances, fees, or commissions to any employee ) ; ii ) Packing costs ; iii ) Import, export, excise, sales and value - added taxes, and customs duties ; iv ) Costs of insurance and transportation from the place of manufacture to the customer ’s premises or point of installation ; 2 v ) Costs of installation at the place of use ; and vi ) Credit for returns, allowances, or trade discou nts ; and b ) provided, however, if Licensed Product(s ) are so ld in combination with other products, Net Sales for computing royalty payments under this Agreement, shall be determined by multiplying the Net Sales of such combination by a fraction, the numera tor of which is the selling price of the Licensed P roduct(s ) contained in such combination if the Licensed Produ ct(s ) were sold separately and the denominator of w hich is the selling price of the combination