definiens: as used herein in either singular o r plural means, with respect to a party, any corpor ation, company, partnership, joint venture or other entity, which directly or indirectly : ( a ) Controls, is Controlled by or is under common Control with the s pecified entity ; or ( b ) both ( i ) owns, is owned by, or is under common ownership with the specified ent ity, in whole or in part, and ( ii ) conducts busines s under a trade identifier of the specified entity, w ith the authorization of the specified entity . For purposes of this definition, of an entity means the direct or indirect ownership or control of at least fifty percent ( 50 % ) of the right to direct or cause the direction of the policies and management of such person or entity, whether by the ownership of equity, by contract or otherwise . In any jurisdicti on where 50 % control is not permitted by applicable la w, the threshold shall be deemed satisfied by the possession of substantially the maximum percentage allowable in such jur isdiction . With regard to MSK, shall in clude, without limitation, the Xxxxx - Xxxxxxxxx Institute for Cancer Research and the Memorial Hosp ital for Cancer and Allied Diseases