definiens: means, on a country - by - country basis, with respect to any period for eachcountry in the Territory, the gross amounts invoice d by Forest or its Affiliates, as applicable, to un relatedThird Parties for sales of the Product in the Field in such country, less the following deductions to the extentincluded in the gross invoiced sales price for the Product or otherwise directly paid or incurred by F orest or itsAffiliates with respect to the sale of the Product in such country : ( i ) trade, quantity or cash discou nts credits, adjustments or allowances, including without limita tion, those granted on account of price adjustments, billing errors, rejected goods, or damaged goods ; ( ii ) rebates and chargebacks allowed, given or accru ed(including, but not limited to, cash, governmental and managed care rebates, hospital or other buying groupchargebacks, and governmental taxes in the nature o f a rebate based on usage levels or sales of the Pr oduct);(iii ) sales, excise, turnover, inventory, value - add ed, and similar taxes assessed on the sale of the P roduct;(iv ) bad debts reserved for on the basis utilized b y Forest in its branded pharmaceutical business gen erally or, if greater, bad debts actually written off, in each case which are attributable to sales of Product ; ( v ) freight andinsurance charges ; ( vi ) amounts paid or credited to customers for inventory management services ; and(vii ) the portion of any management or administrati ve fees paid during the relevant time period to gro uppurchasing organizations, wholesalers and managed c are organizations to the extent determined by sales orutilization of the Product