Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with a history of nosebleeds lasting for 1 hour. She has a history of heavy menses as well as occasional gum bleeding following dental procedures. Her mother also has a history of menorrhagia. Laboratory tests reveal increased bleeding time and slightly increased partial thromboplastin time. She has no other medical conditions and is otherwise healthy. Her coagulation study shows CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL. She is not smoking or using any kind of illicit drugs. She uses alcohol occasionally and is in ra elationship with her boyfriend for the past 2 years.

Patient's own account: I had to rush to the ER because of a non-stop nosebleed that had been on for 1 hour. As a 23-year-old, I always had heavy periods, and sometimes, my gums would bleed after going to the dentist or brushing my teeth. I thought that it was not very alarming since my mom also had heavy periods. I did some lab tests that showed that I had increased bleeding time and long clotting time. Otherwise, I'm pretty healthy, and I don't smoke or take any kind of drugs. I drink only at parties from time to time. I have been with my boyfriend for the last 2 years. I did a coagulation study and I got the following results: CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL.

Clinical trial: MiCo - Mirena or Conventional Medical Treatment for Menorrhagia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Women between the ages of 18-45 (inclusive) not intending to become pregnant during
             the next year

          -  Women complaining of heavy menstrual bleeding over several consecutive cycles

          -  Women without structural or histological abnormality of the uterus, or with fibroids
             less than 3 cm in diameter which are causing no distortion of the uterine cavity
             (eligible for pharmaceutical treatment according to the NICE guideline 2007)

          -  Informed consent (where required by laws or regulations)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  The contraindications and warnings of the respective Summary of Product
             Characteristics (Mirena®, combined oral contraceptives, oral/injectable progestogens,
             non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, or anti-fibrinolytic agent) must be followed.

          -  Women taking hormone replacement therapy

          -  Women with symptoms such as intermenstrual or post-coital bleeding, unless an
             endometrial biopsy has been performed and pathology excluded

          -  Women with fibroids that are palpable abdominally or who have intra-cavity fibroids
             and/or whose uterine length as measured at ultrasound or hysteroscopy is greater than
             12 cm (NICE guideline 2007)

          -  Women on anticoagulative therapy or other treatment (including e.g. Copper IUD use)
             known to cause menorrhagia
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 45 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Reduction of Pro-Inflammatory Synovial Fluid Biomarkers in Osteoarthritis of the Knee With Alpha-2 Macroglobulin

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients osteoarthritis classified as Kellegren-Lawrence grade 2 or 3

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Mentally impaired (e.g, Alzheimer's subjects, dementia, etc.)

          -  Younger than 18 years of age

          -  Greater than 90 years of age

          -  Patients with underlying inflammatory arthropathies
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 30-year-old man who is a computer scientist came to the clinic with the lab result stating azoospermia.  The patient is sexually active with his wife and does not use any contraception methods.  They have been trying to conceive for the past year with no success.  The patient has a past medical history of recurrent pneumonia, shortness of breath, and  persistent cough that produces large amounts of thick sputum. The patient had multiple lung infections during childhood. He does not smoke, use illicit drugs or alcohol.  The patient has no history of other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery.  On physical examination, the digits show clubbing.  An ultrasound shows bilateral absence of the vas deferens, and FEV1 was 75% on the respiratory function test.

Patient's own account: I'm a 30-year-old computer scientist. I did some lab tests that came back quite alarming, stating that I have azoospermia?! I'm sexually active with my wife and we don't use contraception. We've been trying to have a child for the past year. I have a medical history of pneumonia and shortness of breath and regular wet cough. I had several lung infections when I was a kid. That's why I'm very careful and don't smoke, do drugs, or drink. I don't have other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery. The doctor did the clubbing test on my fingers, which was positive. I also did an ultrasound and it showed that I'm missing the tubes that carry sperm around. I also had a 75% for my respiratory function test.

Clinical trial: Running Successful Journal Club

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Faculty members of Dental School,Postgraduate departments

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Faculty members of other schools,Undergraduate departments
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Efficacy and Cost Analysis of Steroids in Treatment of Otitis Media With Effusion

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  history of mild ear ache or decreased hearing for three or more months, plus

          -  intact and immobile tympanic membrane by pneumatic otoscopy

          -  Type B tympanogram

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  any external ear condition that hampers visualization of tympanic membrane

          -  lost to follow up
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 1 Year old.
Subject must be at most 12 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 27-year-old woman comes to the dermatology clinic with skin rash and oral ulcers.  The rashes are mildly itchy. The patient has no other medical conditions and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On examination, there are pink papules symmetrically distributed over the anterior surfaces of the shins and ankles. There are some white ulcerated papules on her buccal mucosa. She is in relationship with her boyfriend and has only one sexual partner. Her boyfriend uses condoms. She smokes 1 to 2 cigarettes a day and drinks a beer daily. Biopsy reveals prominent hyperkeratosis with a thickened granular layer.  There is an infiltration of mononuclear cells in the superficial dermis that involves the overlying epidermis. The rete ridges have a sawtooth appearance.

Patient's own account: I went to the dermatologist because I had rashes on my skin and ulcers in my mouth. The rashes were not that itchy. I don't get it! I'm 27, I don't take medication, nor I don't have any other illnesses. My vitals were normal. My doc told me there were pink spots on the back of my throat. I'm heterosexual and have been only with my boyfriend and he uses condoms. I smoke 1 or 2 cigarettes a day and I drink a beer to accompany it. I had a biopsy and it showed some thick and grainy skin texture. The doc said it's an immune reaction.

Clinical trial: Nd:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser Treatment for Lichen Sclerosus

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  histologically confirmed Lichen sclerosus

          -  voluntary signed informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  pregnancy

          -  use of photosensitizing medication

          -  pathology other than Lichen

          -  damage of tissues in the treatment area

          -  other inflammation

          -  refusal to sign informed consent
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic with her roommate.  The roommate says that the patient has twice fallen asleep while they were talking.  The patient has regularly fallen asleep in the afternoon while reading or watching television but typically feels refreshed after a brief nap.  She also reveals that she sometimes hears a voice prior to falling asleep.  She also complains of some episodes of clumsiness that cause her to drop objects or fall. MSLT showed that the sleep latency was less than 8 min and that the patient enters rapid eye movement (REM) sleep almost immediately.

Patient's own account: I brought my roommate to the clinic because she kept falling asleep when we were having a conversation. We're both 25 and usually healthy girls. She usually takes a nap in the afternoon while reading or watching TV, but usually, she is quite energetic afterward. She told me that she sometimes hears a voice before falling asleep. How weird! And sometimes she's the clumsiest! She keeps dropping all her stuff. The doctor did a sleeping test and she found out that it takes her less than 8 min to fall asleep.

Clinical trial: The Role of the Circadian System in Neurological Sleep-wake Disorders

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male and Female participants 18 years to 35 years of age

          -  Written informed consent by the participant after information about the research
             project

          -  Healthy controls: 7-8 hours of sleep per night

          -  Healthy controls: sleep satiation before start of the study

          -  Narcolepsy type 1: diagnosis of narcolepsy with cataplexy, drug free during study,
             proven excessive daytime sleepiness with increased REM (MSLT), clear-cut cataplexy
             present, undetectable or low cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin levels (if data is
             available)

          -  Idiopathic hypersomnia: diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia, drug free during study,
             proven excessive daytime sleepiness without increased REM (MSLT), increased sleep need
             (>10h/day) on work-free days shown by 2-week actigraphy

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  signs of neurological, psychiatric, or other sleep-wake disorders

          -  signs of sleep deprivation

          -  shift work and time zone change of more than one hour within one month prior the study
             start

          -  extreme morning and evening types

          -  underweight

          -  obstructive gastro-intestinal disease or history of gastrointestinal surgery

          -  an implanted medical device or a scheduled MRI scan during the experimental period
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging of Dystrophic and Damaged Muscle

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy subjects:

          -  Diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy confirmed by 1) clinical history with
             features before the age of 5 years, 2) physical examination, 3) elevated serum
             creatine kinase level, and 4) absence of dystrophin expression as determined by immune
             stain or Wester blot (<2%) and/or DNA confirmation of dystrophin mutation

          -  Must be between 10-15 years of age.

          -  Must be male.

        Inclusion Criteria for unaffected subjects:

          -  Must be older than 18 years of age.

          -  Must be male.

        Exclusion Criteria for unaffected and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy subjects:

          -  Contraindication to an Magnetic Resonance examination (e.g. aneurysm clip, severe
             claustrophobia, magnetic implants)

          -  Presence of a condition in patients that impacts muscle function or muscle metabolism
             (e.g. myasthenia gravis, endocrine disorder, mitochondrial disease)

          -  Medical condition leading to developmental delay or impaired motor control (e.g.
             cerebral palsy)

          -  Unstable medical condition (e.g. uncontrolled seizure disorder)

          -  Behavioral problems causing an inability to cooperate during testing

          -  Control subjects who are participating in sport specific training 2 times or more per
             week

          -  History of allergy to iodides
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 10 Years old.
Subject must be at most 55 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Moxibustion for Knee Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Aged from 40 to 70 years old

          -  Average daily knee pain over 40 points (0-100 point scale)

          -  diagnosed as knee osteoarthritis according to ACR criteria

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Current of past history of inflammatory disease including rheumatoid arthritis

          -  Cancer

          -  Traumatic injury which might be related to current knee pain

          -  Autoimmune disease

          -  significant deformity of knee joints

          -  knee replacement surgery on affected knee

          -  knee arthroscopy within 2 years

          -  steroid injection in knee joints within 3 months

          -  viscosupplement injections in knee joints within 6 months

          -  joint fluid injection within 6 months

          -  received acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping or herbal medicine within 4 weeks

          -  uncontrolled hypertension

          -  diabetes mellitus requiring insulin injection

          -  life-threatening cardiovascular or neurological events within one year

          -  chronic respiratory disease

          -  hemorrhagic disorder

          -  alcohol or drug addition

          -  active infectious disease including tuberculosis

          -  keloidosis
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 27-year-old woman comes to the dermatology clinic with skin rash and oral ulcers.  The rashes are mildly itchy. The patient has no other medical conditions and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On examination, there are pink papules symmetrically distributed over the anterior surfaces of the shins and ankles. There are some white ulcerated papules on her buccal mucosa. She is in relationship with her boyfriend and has only one sexual partner. Her boyfriend uses condoms. She smokes 1 to 2 cigarettes a day and drinks a beer daily. Biopsy reveals prominent hyperkeratosis with a thickened granular layer.  There is an infiltration of mononuclear cells in the superficial dermis that involves the overlying epidermis. The rete ridges have a sawtooth appearance.

Patient's own account: I went to the dermatologist because I had rashes on my skin and ulcers in my mouth. The rashes were not that itchy. I don't get it! I'm 27, I don't take medication, nor I don't have any other illnesses. My vitals were normal. My doc told me there were pink spots on the back of my throat. I'm heterosexual and have been only with my boyfriend and he uses condoms. I smoke 1 or 2 cigarettes a day and I drink a beer to accompany it. I had a biopsy and it showed some thick and grainy skin texture. The doc said it's an immune reaction.

Clinical trial: Genetic Screening for Filaggrin Mutation in Atopic Dermatitis and Ichthyosis Vulgaris in the African American Population

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age greater than 6 months

          -  Affected subjects: Must be African American and have a diagnosis of both atopic
             dermatitis or eczema as well as ichthyosis vulgaris

          -  Control subjects: Must be healthy African American subjects

          -  Must be willing to not apply emollients for 24 hours prior to visit.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Systemic illness

          -  Control subjects: Must not have a family history of atopy (including asthma, seasonal
             allergies or hay fever or allergic rhinitis, or eczema or atopic dermatitis)

          -  Control subjects: Must never have been given a diagnosis of eczema or atopic
             dermatitis

          -  Control subjects: Must not have excessively dry skin

          -  Must not be of Hispanic ethnicity
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 6 Months old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction