Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Screening for Barrett's Esophagus in Otolaryngology Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        -

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Prior anti-reflux surgery, laryngeal surgery, trauma to larynx Esophageal diverticulum
             Pregnancy Anticoagulation therapy Esophageal varices ENT malignancy History of
             recurrent epistaxis
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Does Menstrual Hygiene Matter? Investigating the Impact of a Menstrual Hygiene Program on Ugandan Girls' School Absenteeism

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Girls from schools who have not previously been recipients of a menstrual hygiene
             programme between the ages of 14-18 who have started menstruating.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Girls who have not started their periods will be excluded.
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 14 Years old.
Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Pressure and Flow Study Before and After Treatments for EMD. The pFlow Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  to present with GI symptoms that are secondary to EMD such as dysphagia, regurgitation
             and/or non-cardiac chest pain.

          -  the EMD patients to be recruited under this study are achalasia type I, II and III;
             OGJ outflow obstruction; distal oesophageal spasm, hypercontractile oesophagus or
             disorders not fulfilling Chicago Criteria v3.

          -  Receive a treatment such as POEM, neumatic dilatation, LHM, botox injection.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Exclusion criteria are the inability to fill in symptom questionnaires, intolerance of
             pre or post procedure test, incomplete therapeutic procedures or technical failure of
             baseline manometry investigation
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: Computerized Personal Interventions for Alzheimer's Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

          -  MMSE score of 14-26

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Visual impairment

          -  Auditory impairment

          -  Psychiatric disorders
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 60 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Safety and Immunity of Covid-19 aAPC Vaccine

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Healthy and Covid-19-positive volunteers

          -  The interval between the onset of symptoms and randomized is within 7 days in Covid-19
             patients. The onset of symptoms is mainly based on fever. If there is no fever, cough
             or other related symptoms can be used;

          -  White blood cells ≥ 3,500/μl, lymphocytes ≥ 750/μl;

          -  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV)
             or tuberculosis (TB) test negative;

          -  Sign the Informed Consent voluntarily;

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Subject with active HCV, HBV or HIV infection.

          -  Subject is albumin-intolerant.

          -  Subject with life expectancy less than 4 weeks.

          -  Subject participated in other investigational vaccine therapies within the past 60
             days.

          -  Subject with positive pregnancy test result.

          -  Researchers consider unsuitable.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Months old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Primary Care Treatment for Overweight Adolescent Females (SHINE)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Females,

          -  Ages 13- 15 at study recruitment,

          -  BMI in overweight range (95th percentile - 99th percentile,

          -  One or both parent(s) willing to participate.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  BMI > 99th percentile,

          -  Significant cognitive impairment,

          -  Current pregnancy,

          -  Congenital heart disease that limits activity,

          -  Serious asthma requiring oral prednisone,

          -  Taking medications that increase appetite.
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 13 Years old.
Subject must be at most 15 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Strength Training as a Supplemental Therapy of Androgen Deficiency of the Aging Male

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients of secondary hypogonadism on testosterone replacement therapy, newly
             diagnosed patients of secondary hypogonadism.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Regular strength training, medical treating osteoporosis, abnormal digital rectal
             results, conditions which are medical contraindications (without adjusting state):
             diabetes mellitus, severe cardiac arrhythmia, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable
             angina pectoris, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, epilepsy, unstable bone
             lesions with high risk of fracture, prostate cancer or abnormal serum PSA levels
             without adverse histological examination.
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.
Subject must be at most 60 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Effect of Caffeine Intake in Vestibular Function

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Medical students volunteers

          -  Had no hearing and/or vestibular complaints

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Problems in the cervical spine

          -  Cardiovascular problems

          -  Migraine

          -  Metabolic disorders

          -  Hormonal changes

          -  Psychiatric disorders

          -  Neurological diseases

          -  Use of prescription drugs continuously

          -  Smokers

          -  Alcoholics

          -  Illegal drug users
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 50 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Contraceptives Containing Drospirenone and Blood Pressure

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  sexually active women who did not wish to become pregnant,

          -  aged between 18 and 35,

          -  with menstrual cycles lasting between 24 and 32 days,

          -  body mass index (BMI) between 18.0 and 29.9 kg/m2

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  smoking,

          -  use of drugs and/or alcohol,

          -  clinical and/or laboratory signs of hyperandrogenism,

          -  use of hormonal contraception within six months before the initiation of the study,

          -  presence of chronic and/or acute inflammatory processes,

          -  use of medications with endothelial effects (e.g., statins),

          -  breastfeeding or having stopped breastfeeding within two months before the initiation
             of the study,

          -  medical conditions classified as category 3 or 4 according to the WHO medical
             eligibility criteria for contraceptive prescription
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Day-case or Inpatient Care Following Inguinal Hernia Repair in Elderly Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  referral for open repair of inguinal hernia

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  severe comorbidity (ASA class IV, unstable ASA class III)

          -  postoperative care at home not available

          -  not willing to receive day-case care

          -  unable to understand numeric rating scale
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 65 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Placebo Controlled Trial to Evaluate Zinc for the Treatment of COVID-19 in the Outpatient Setting

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Able to read and understand informed consent.

          -  High initial clinical suspicion by physician based on signs and symptoms (fever,
             cough, myalgias, fatigue, shortness of breath) followed by confirmation of COVID-19
             diagnosis

          -  Any gender

          -  Age 60 years and older

          -  Age 30-59 years with one or more of the following:

               -  abnormal lung exam

               -  abnormal oxygen saturation <95%

               -  abnormal Chest X-ray or chest CT

               -  persistent fever >100.4 degrees Fahrenheit

               -  one of the following co-morbidities: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, history of
                  coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease (CKD), asthma, COPD, current or
                  former smoker, or morbid obesity (Body Mass Index ≥35)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe COVID-19 requiring admission for inpatient treatment

          -  Need for any oxygen supplementation

          -  Need for mechanical ventilatory support

          -  History of oxygen supplementation dependency

          -  History of cancer with ongoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy

          -  Known hypersensitivity to zinc

          -  Severe renal disease: Glomerular Filtration Rate <30ml/min
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 30 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction