Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 30-year-old man who is a computer scientist came to the clinic with the lab result stating azoospermia.  The patient is sexually active with his wife and does not use any contraception methods.  They have been trying to conceive for the past year with no success.  The patient has a past medical history of recurrent pneumonia, shortness of breath, and  persistent cough that produces large amounts of thick sputum. The patient had multiple lung infections during childhood. He does not smoke, use illicit drugs or alcohol.  The patient has no history of other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery.  On physical examination, the digits show clubbing.  An ultrasound shows bilateral absence of the vas deferens, and FEV1 was 75% on the respiratory function test.

Patient's own account: I'm a 30-year-old computer scientist. I did some lab tests that came back quite alarming, stating that I have azoospermia?! I'm sexually active with my wife and we don't use contraception. We've been trying to have a child for the past year. I have a medical history of pneumonia and shortness of breath and regular wet cough. I had several lung infections when I was a kid. That's why I'm very careful and don't smoke, do drugs, or drink. I don't have other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery. The doctor did the clubbing test on my fingers, which was positive. I also did an ultrasound and it showed that I'm missing the tubes that carry sperm around. I also had a 75% for my respiratory function test.

Clinical trial: Ultrasound Guided Artificial Insemination

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  The woman's inclusion criteria in our IUI program were at least one patent tube,
             normal cavity, basal FSH < 10 mU/mL and age under 40 years.

          -  IUI with husband's sperm (IUI-H) was indicated when, after sperm preparation, at least
             5 million motile spermatozoa were recovered; this was performed in 58 cases (79.45%).

          -  In the remaining 15 cases (20.55%), IUI was performed with donor sperm (IUI-D) either
             because of azoospermia (n=6) failure to recover spermatozoa during testicular biopsy
             (n=5) or in women without a male partner (n=4).

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous infertility treatments had been carried out.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Effect of Glucomannan Supplementation on Body Weight in Overweight and Obese Children

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  age 6-17 years;

          -  overweight or obesity based on the WHO (World Health Organization) growth
             charts/references (>+1 standard deviation [SD] or >+2 SD, respectively)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  drug therapy for a chronic disease (including drugs that influence appetite or body
             weight);

          -  type 1 or 2 diabetes;

          -  history of surgical treatment of obesity;

          -  participation in another program for treating obesity during the project and/or 3
             months prior to recruitment;

          -  secondary causes of obesity;

          -  pregnancy.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Years old.
Subject must be at most 17 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department following an episode of syncope.  He was working out when he felt dizzy and passed out without head injury.  He has had 3 other episodes of light-headedness over the last year, all happening during physical activity. He never had this experience while resting. He has no other medical conditions.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  His father died suddenly at age 35.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  On physical examination, the patient has a harsh systolic murmur.  The lungs are clear with no peripheral edema. Echocardiography shows asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy.

Patient's own account: I'm 23, and I got admitted to the ER because I fainted all of a sudden. I was in the gym, working out, when all of a sudden, I just got dizzy and passed out. Hopefully, I didn't hit my head. It's not my first time having that kind of dizziness at the gym, never when I'm chilling at home tho. I don't have any special medical conditions and I'm not even smoking, drinking or doing drugs! My dad died suddenly when he was 35, so I'm kind of scared. My vitals were normal while at the ER and they did a physical exam and they told me my heart sounds abnormal. My lungs are ok, but I had to do an echography of my heart, and they told me it is bigger than average.

Clinical trial: Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Patients Admitted With Syncope; Diagnosis and Follow up After These Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  patients with diagnosis of syncope on admission to the medical ward.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  patients with loss of consciousness due to other than low perfusion of the brain

          -  patients that can't sign a consent form

          -  patients that we can't get details about the episode of the syncope
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with a history of nosebleeds lasting for 1 hour. She has a history of heavy menses as well as occasional gum bleeding following dental procedures. Her mother also has a history of menorrhagia. Laboratory tests reveal increased bleeding time and slightly increased partial thromboplastin time. She has no other medical conditions and is otherwise healthy. Her coagulation study shows CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL. She is not smoking or using any kind of illicit drugs. She uses alcohol occasionally and is in ra elationship with her boyfriend for the past 2 years.

Patient's own account: I had to rush to the ER because of a non-stop nosebleed that had been on for 1 hour. As a 23-year-old, I always had heavy periods, and sometimes, my gums would bleed after going to the dentist or brushing my teeth. I thought that it was not very alarming since my mom also had heavy periods. I did some lab tests that showed that I had increased bleeding time and long clotting time. Otherwise, I'm pretty healthy, and I don't smoke or take any kind of drugs. I drink only at parties from time to time. I have been with my boyfriend for the last 2 years. I did a coagulation study and I got the following results: CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL.

Clinical trial: HIV Testing in the Emergency Department at Baystate Medical Center: A Pilot Program

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Emergency department patients aged 18 years or older, appropriate for HIV testing will
             be identified by the HIV health educator.

          -  Patients who are not otherwise occupied and who are not known to be HIV+ will be
             approached for consent to the study and for rapid HIV testing.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  None.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office due to weight gain and fatigue.  He is not able to lift heavy objects or climb stairs. Family history is positive for DM type 2 and HTN in his father.  Blood pressure is 165/90 mm Hg and pulse is 85/min.  On physical examination, there is symmetric proximal muscle weakness of the upper and lower extremities.  Fasting plasma glucose level is 138 mg/dL and 24-hour urinary cortisol is twice the upper normal limit.  Further evaluation reveals that high-dose, but not low-dose, dexamethasone suppresses serum cortisol levels.  Serum ACTH levels are high-normal. This patient's findings are consistent with endogenous Cushing Syndrome.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old man. I went to the clinic because I had been gaining weight and had increased fatigue over the past few weeks. I was not able to lift heavy objects or even climb the stairs. My dad was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure. During the exam, they took my blood pressure, which was 165/90 mm Hg, and my pulse was 85/min. They found out that I have weaknesses in both of my arms and legs. I also did a blood test on an empty stomach, and I had a glucose level of 138 mg/dL, and twice the upper normal limit of cortisol. I had high-normal levels of ACTH. The doctor said I suffer from endogenous Cushing Syndrome.

Clinical trial: Cardiovascular Status in Patients With Endogenous Cortisol Excess (Cushing's Syndrome)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Written informed consent

          -  Age ≥18 years

          -  Cross-sectional study:History of clinically and biochemically proven endogenous
             Cushing's syndrome (overt or subclinical)

          -  Longitudinal study: Patients with clinically and biochemically proven endogenous
             Cushing's syndrome (initial diagnosis or recurrent disease)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Glucocorticoid pharmacotherapy for >12 months within the previous 3 years

          -  Structural heart disease, chronic heart failure (>NYHAII), systemic or single organ
             disease potentially affecting cardiac function

          -  Arterial hypertension (uncontrolled with >3 antihypertensive drugs)

          -  Pregnancy

          -  Drug abuse

          -  Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (cMRI) substudy: patients with renal failure are
             excluded from the cMRI study (MDRD <60)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department following an episode of syncope.  He was working out when he felt dizzy and passed out without head injury.  He has had 3 other episodes of light-headedness over the last year, all happening during physical activity. He never had this experience while resting. He has no other medical conditions.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  His father died suddenly at age 35.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  On physical examination, the patient has a harsh systolic murmur.  The lungs are clear with no peripheral edema. Echocardiography shows asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy.

Patient's own account: I'm 23, and I got admitted to the ER because I fainted all of a sudden. I was in the gym, working out, when all of a sudden, I just got dizzy and passed out. Hopefully, I didn't hit my head. It's not my first time having that kind of dizziness at the gym, never when I'm chilling at home tho. I don't have any special medical conditions and I'm not even smoking, drinking or doing drugs! My dad died suddenly when he was 35, so I'm kind of scared. My vitals were normal while at the ER and they did a physical exam and they told me my heart sounds abnormal. My lungs are ok, but I had to do an echography of my heart, and they told me it is bigger than average.

Clinical trial: Validation of the San Francisco Syncope Rule

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria: Acute syncope or near syncope as a reason for the ED visit

        Exclusion Criteria: Altered mental status, alcohol or illicit drug-related loss of
        consciousness, Definite seizure, Transient loss of consciousness caused by head trauma
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Detection of Pleural Effusion by Internal Thoracic Impedance Method

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Inclusion criteria for study group will be as follows: patients 40-90 year old with
             pleural effusion on chest X-ray of different etiologies:

               -  coronary heart disease-(CHD)

               -  valvular heart disease

               -  renal failure

               -  infectious disease malignant diseases( all complicated by pleural effusion).

          -  The control group will be comprised of patients 40-90years old without pleural
             effusion established by chest X-ray.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  The exclusion criteria will be respiratory failure due to diseases, wearing a
             pacemaker,thoracic deformation, pulmonary edema and embolism
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Efficacy and Mechanisms of Energy Medicine to Decrease Chronic Knee Pain in Outpatient Settings

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Presence of knee pain lasting for at least six months

          -  No radiation of knee pain

          -  No acupuncture treatments in the previous six months

          -  Failure to respond completely to the medications given by their orthopedic or pain
             management specialist

          -  Knee pain on most days (4 out of 7 days of the week) with average self-reported
             severity of 4 or more out of 10 on a numeric rating scale (NRS)

          -  Complaints of morning stiffness lasting less than 30 minutes

          -  Not be in active physical therapy (PT) for the duration of the trial.

          -  Adult patients ≥18 years of age

          -  English speaking

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Any concurrent diagnosis of systemic disease

          -  Other concurrent treatments such as massage, Acupcunture, PT or any kind of Energy
             Medicine

          -  Bleeding disorder

          -  Trypanophobia (fear of needles or injections).

          -  Have medical condition that causes difficulty in saliva production/collection (i.e.:
             Sjogren's Syndrome)
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: 36-month Special Drug Use Surveillance on Frequency of Bone Fractures With Sodium Risedronate 75 mg Tablets

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Osteoporosis patients who meet all the following criteria:

          1. Patients with 1 to 4 confirmed vertebral body fractures in the T4-L4 region by
             thoracic and lumbar spine X-ray examination at screening (within 3 months before the
             start of administration of sodium risedronate 75 mg tablets)

          2. Male and postmenopausal female patients aged 50 years or older

          3. Ambulatory outpatients

        Exclusion Criteria:

        -
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Use of Nebido® to Assess Tolerability and Treatment Outcomes in Daily Clinical Practice

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male hypogonadal patients eligible for long-term testosterone therapy who have newly
             been prescribed Nebido® in accordance with the terms of the marketing authorization

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients presenting with contraindications as stated in the product information
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment