Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Nutrition and Constipation at Inguinal Hernia Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        - Clinical diagnosis of Inguinal Hernia

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Cancer

          -  Pregnancy

          -  Chronic liver diseases

          -  Previous abdominal surgery history

          -  Femoral hernia

          -  Bilateral inguinal hernia

          -  Weight loss above the 20% of the body weight in the last 6 months
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: [Impedance Measurement for Non-Erosive Reflux Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Adults ages 18-90

          -  Patients with heartburn and no hiatal hernia undergoing clinically indicated endoscopy

          -  Patients with heartburn and a hiatal hernia > 3cm undergoing clinically indicated
             endoscopy

          -  Patients undergoing clinically indicated upper endoscopy for indications other than
             dysphagia or GERD

          -  Patients with reflux symptoms, a normal appearing esophagus on clinically indicated
             endoscopy undergoing clinically indicated ambulatory pH/impedance testing.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous gastric or esophageal surgery.

          -  Use of proton pump inhibitors 1 month prior to the study

          -  Patients on anticoagulation other than aspirin or clopidogrel

          -  Presence of erosive esophagitis or Barrett's esophagus
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: A Case Control Study to Define Clinical, Immunologic and Radiographic Features of the Aromatase Inhibitor Arthralgia Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Postmenopausal women aged over 18 with stage I-III breast cancer undergoing treatment
             at the Lombardi Cancer Center.

          2. Presence of hand pain

          3. No active signs of ongoing malignant disease

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Known autoimmune disease for example, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus
             erythematosis, polymyalgia rheumatica, or seronegative arthritis.

          2. Age <18

          3. Unable to complete informed consent process
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Primary Prevention of Infection by COVID-19 in Health Providers

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Age between 18 and 60 years.

          2. Health care worker in the front line of care of suspected or confirmed cases of
             COVID-19.

          3. Negative IgM antibodies.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Being a participant in another trial with another drug.

          2. Temperature above 38ºC.

          3. Having cohabited in the past 15 days with a person diagnosed with CoV-19.

          4. Pregnancy.

          5. Active o past smoker.

          6. Known hypersensitivity to drugs or food.

          7. History of respiratory disease.

          8. Underlying diseases (Hypertension, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease,
             leukopenia).

          9. Signs or symptoms of CoV-19 infection: cough, dyspnea, myalgias.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 60 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Physical Activity Consultation in the Management of Adolescent Overweight

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Coming from the Lisbon region;

          -  A BMI ≥ p85 for gender and age;

          -  Attending the Clinic for the first time;

          -  Accepted to be enrolled.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Major pathologies (other than obesity or its related comorbidities);

          -  Inability to perform regular PA;

          -  Mental disorders;

          -  Smoking habits;

          -  Under any kind of prescription (other than antihypertensives or metformin);

          -  Being involved in another weight loss program.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 12 Years old.
Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Respiratory Muscle Training and Intermittent Hypoxia: Additive Health Effects?

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age: 65-80 years

          -  Systolic blood pressure between 130-139 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure lower than
             90 mmHg

          -  Non smoking

          -  Normal Body-Mass-Index (BMI): 18.5-24.9 kg·m-2

          -  Normal Lung Function

          -  Willing to adhere to the general study rules

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Known or suspected non-compliance, drug or alcohol abuse

          -  Inability to follow the procedures of the study, e.g. due to language problems,
             psychological disorders, dementia, etc. of the participant

          -  Previous enrolment into the current study

          -  Enrolment of the investigator, his/her family members, employees and other dependent
             persons

          -  Intake of blood pressure medication

          -  Intake of medications affecting sleep or the performance or the respiratory,
             cardiovascular or neuromuscular system

          -  Acute or chronic illness other than prehypertension
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 65 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 40-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of gritty sensation in her eyes. She also has difficulty swallowing dry foods with no pain or heartburn.  The patient is a schoolteacher and must drink water frequently during lectures due to her mouth dryness.  She also reports occasional joint pain.  Medical history is not significant other than the confirmed Sjogren disease with no other rheumatologic disease.  She is sexually active with her husband and has 2 children both delivered by natural vaginal delivery. She has no history of any kind of surgery. Physical examination shows conjunctival erythema and cracking of the lips. The remainder of the examination and history is normal. Her lab result shows elevated ESR (50 mm/h)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had a terrible gritty sensation in my eyes. It was also hard to swallow dry food, but it didn't burn, and there was no pain. I'm a 40-year-old female school teacher and I should drink water for the lectures because otherwise, my mouth gets really dry. I also have joint pain from time to time. I have been diagnosed with Sjogren disease but no other rheumatologic disease. I have a husband, we're sexually active, and I also have two lovely children that I delivered both naturally. I never undergone any surgery. Physical examination when I came to the clinic, and it showed cracking on my lips and a pink eye. The rest was fine. I also did some lab tests, and they came back with high ESR.

Clinical trial: Ultrasound Elastography of Salivary Glands

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male or female

          -  More than 18 years old

          -  Consulting in Doppler unit for sicca syndrome or suspicion of Sjögren syndrome

          -  Consent agreement

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  No consent agreement

          -  No sicca symptoms
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Variable Resistance Training in Patients With Osteoarthrosis of the Knee

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Knee pain and minimum three of the following

          -  >50 years

          -  morning stiffness < 30 min

          -  crepitation

          -  bone tenderness

          -  bone osteophytes

          -  absence of inflammation

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Other causes of symptoms to the knee
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office due to weight gain and fatigue.  He is not able to lift heavy objects or climb stairs. Family history is positive for DM type 2 and HTN in his father.  Blood pressure is 165/90 mm Hg and pulse is 85/min.  On physical examination, there is symmetric proximal muscle weakness of the upper and lower extremities.  Fasting plasma glucose level is 138 mg/dL and 24-hour urinary cortisol is twice the upper normal limit.  Further evaluation reveals that high-dose, but not low-dose, dexamethasone suppresses serum cortisol levels.  Serum ACTH levels are high-normal. This patient's findings are consistent with endogenous Cushing Syndrome.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old man. I went to the clinic because I had been gaining weight and had increased fatigue over the past few weeks. I was not able to lift heavy objects or even climb the stairs. My dad was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure. During the exam, they took my blood pressure, which was 165/90 mm Hg, and my pulse was 85/min. They found out that I have weaknesses in both of my arms and legs. I also did a blood test on an empty stomach, and I had a glucose level of 138 mg/dL, and twice the upper normal limit of cortisol. I had high-normal levels of ACTH. The doctor said I suffer from endogenous Cushing Syndrome.

Clinical trial: Immunosuppression Impact on the Metabolic Control of Kidney Transplant With Pre-Existing Type 2 Diabetes (DM)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Inclusion Criteria

          1. Patient is a recipient of a first cadaveric kidney, or a kidney living donor
             mismatched (at least one mismatch.)

          2. Patient is a minimum of 18 years of age at the time of transplant.

          3. Patient has type 2 non-insulin dependent diabetes.

          4. Patient or legal guardian has signed and dated an Ethics Committee-approved informed
             consent document and is willing and able to follow study procedures.

          5. If female and is childbearing potential, patient has a negative pregnancy test and
             utilizes adequate contraceptive methods.

        Exclusion Criteria

          1. Recipients of a transplant graft from a donor age 65 and older.

          2. Recipient of a multi-organ transplant.

          3. Patients who are being re-transplanted will not be eligible for study.

          4. Patients who have lost a previous graft to rejection less than one year from
             transplant.

          5. Patient has any form of substance abuse, psychiatric disorder, or a condition in the
             opinion of the investigator, may invalidate communication with the investigator.

          6. PRA > 30%
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 27-year-old woman comes to the dermatology clinic with skin rash and oral ulcers.  The rashes are mildly itchy. The patient has no other medical conditions and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On examination, there are pink papules symmetrically distributed over the anterior surfaces of the shins and ankles. There are some white ulcerated papules on her buccal mucosa. She is in relationship with her boyfriend and has only one sexual partner. Her boyfriend uses condoms. She smokes 1 to 2 cigarettes a day and drinks a beer daily. Biopsy reveals prominent hyperkeratosis with a thickened granular layer.  There is an infiltration of mononuclear cells in the superficial dermis that involves the overlying epidermis. The rete ridges have a sawtooth appearance.

Patient's own account: I went to the dermatologist because I had rashes on my skin and ulcers in my mouth. The rashes were not that itchy. I don't get it! I'm 27, I don't take medication, nor I don't have any other illnesses. My vitals were normal. My doc told me there were pink spots on the back of my throat. I'm heterosexual and have been only with my boyfriend and he uses condoms. I smoke 1 or 2 cigarettes a day and I drink a beer to accompany it. I had a biopsy and it showed some thick and grainy skin texture. The doc said it's an immune reaction.

Clinical trial: Effect of Oral pH Changes on Smoking Desire

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Not having an active disease

          2. Be between the ages of 18 and 45

          3. Not using antibiotics in the last two weeks

          4. Do not use inhaler treatments

          5. Not to have an oral or salivary gland disease

          6. One week after menstrual bleeding in female cases

          7. At least 10 pack years (P / Y) cigarette story in the case group

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Being an active disease

          2. <18 years and> 45 years old

          3. Having used antibiotics in the last two weeks

          4. Use inhaler treatments

          5. Oral and salivary gland disease

          6. One week after menstrual bleeding in female cases

          7. Being in the luteal phase

          8. Menstrual irregularity

          9. Being pregnant

         10. Taking hormonal treatment
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 45 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction