Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Optical Breath-hold Control System for Image-guided Procedures

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients scheduled for a CT-guided lung or upper abdomen biopsy (including lesions in
             the liver, pancreas, stomach, kidneys, adrenals, spleen, or in the peritoneum at or
             above the level of the kidneys) on the SMH-CT-3M scanner when either Dr. Carlson or
             Dr. Bender are scheduled.

          -  Lesions will need to measure 3 cm or less in maximum dimension and cannot be affixed
             to the chest or abdominal wall.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Inability to cooperate with breath-holding (including cognitive impairment, poor
             pulmonary function that inhibits patients from being able to hold their breath for at
             least 10 seconds)

          -  Patients with bleeding diatheses (platelets < 50,000, International Normalized Ratio >
             1.5, or activated partial thromboplastin time > twice normal)

          -  Lesions that abut the pleura or abdominal wall for a distance greater than 3 cm (these
             lesions were assumed to be fixed in position and less likely to be affected by
             respiratory motion).

          -  Patients with implanted medical devices (pacemakers) (this exclusion is based on the
             Division of Engineering Safety Review-enclosed in application)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Egyptian Initial Experience About 2019 Novel Corona Virus: Study of 48 Patients in Alexandria-Egypt Using Chest CT

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Positive COVID-19

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Incomplete medical records, degrade CT images because of patient tachypnea and motions
             artifacts, also unremarkable CT scans.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.




Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 4-year-old boy comes to the office for the follow up of his confirmed oculocutaneous albinism.  The patient was born at 38 weeks gestation with no complications.  Vital signs are normal.  Weight and height are at the 50th percentile.  On examination, iris transillumination is present, and there are no apparent foveae on funduscopic examination.  Optic nerves are small and gray.  All the hairs including eyebrows and lashes are white.

Patient's own account: I brought my four-year-old son to his follow-up consultation for his albinism. All his hair is white, even lashes and eyebrows. My baby was born at 38 weeks pregnant with no complications whatsoever. During the consultations his vitals were normal and now his weight and height are at the 50th percentile. The doctor did an eye exam and it seems that his iris has a kind of transillumination, and there are no foveae. The doctor told me that his optic nerves are small and gray.

Clinical trial: NGS Panel of Incomplete Forms of Ocular Albinism

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Minor and adult patient.

          -  Patient presenting a clinical diagnosis of incomplete form of albinism with presence
             of at least 2 signs of ocular albinism among which nystagmus, low vision, foveal
             hypoplasia, retinal hypopigmentation, translucent irides, misrouting of the optic
             nerves at the chiasm.

          -  Registered for the social security system.

          -  Informed consent signed by patient or parent of a minor patient.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Refusal to participate in research protocol.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Predicting Death and ICU Admission in COVID-19 Patients in ED

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  COVID 19 confirmed patients.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  <18 years

          -  Pregnant women

          -  Asymptomatic and normal x-ray findings subjects
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 30-year-old man who is a computer scientist came to the clinic with the lab result stating azoospermia.  The patient is sexually active with his wife and does not use any contraception methods.  They have been trying to conceive for the past year with no success.  The patient has a past medical history of recurrent pneumonia, shortness of breath, and  persistent cough that produces large amounts of thick sputum. The patient had multiple lung infections during childhood. He does not smoke, use illicit drugs or alcohol.  The patient has no history of other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery.  On physical examination, the digits show clubbing.  An ultrasound shows bilateral absence of the vas deferens, and FEV1 was 75% on the respiratory function test.

Patient's own account: I'm a 30-year-old computer scientist. I did some lab tests that came back quite alarming, stating that I have azoospermia?! I'm sexually active with my wife and we don't use contraception. We've been trying to have a child for the past year. I have a medical history of pneumonia and shortness of breath and regular wet cough. I had several lung infections when I was a kid. That's why I'm very careful and don't smoke, do drugs, or drink. I don't have other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery. The doctor did the clubbing test on my fingers, which was positive. I also did an ultrasound and it showed that I'm missing the tubes that carry sperm around. I also had a 75% for my respiratory function test.

Clinical trial: A Series of N-of-1 Trials of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Bayesian Method

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  according to the consensus of domestic experts, combined with the guidelines for the
             management of adult bronchiectasis published by the European Respiratory Society in
             2017;

          -  male or female, aged 18-70 years;

          -  being in the stable stage, and no acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis within the past
             three weeks;

          -  frequency of acute exacerbation of bronchiectasis ≤3 times every year;

          -  signed informed consent for participation.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  failing to meet the above criteria for diagnosis and inclusion;

          -  having developed respiratory failure with estimated survival time less than one year;

          -  having hemoptysis as a comorbidity;

          -  having complications by active tuberculosis;

          -  being pregnant or with severe heart, liver, or kidney dysfunctions;

          -  participating in other pharmacological clinical trials within the past 3 months.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: Efficacy and Tolerability of Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Caucasian male or female out-patients;

          -  aged 18 to 75 years inclusive;

          -  diagnosis of "probable" or "definite" amyotrophic lateral sclerosis according to the
             El Escorial revised criteria (1);

          -  first symptoms of ALS by no more than 1.5 years;

          -  in treatment with steady regimen of riluzole for a minimum of 3 months before study
             entry, and desiring its continuation;

          -  FVC ≥ 75% of predicted;

          -  no conditions known to be contraindications to the use of TUDCA;

          -  written informed consent.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  subjects who underwent tracheostomy;

          -  subjects who underwent resection of gall bladder;

          -  subjects with signs of conduction blocks of motor nerves, sensory nerves or both on
             nerve conduction study;

          -  subjects with clinical signs of dementia;

          -  subjects with active peptic ulcer;

          -  subjects with active malignancy;

          -  subjects with bulbar onset;

          -  female subjects who are pregnant or lactating

          -  subjects who have received an experimental drug or have participated in a clinical
             trial within 3 months prior to screening

          -  employees of the investigator or study centre with direct involvement in the proposed
             study or other studies under the direction of that investigator or study centre.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Project Arthritis Recovering Quality of Life by Means Education II (PARQVE II)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Men and women diagnosed with primary osteoarthritis of the knee,

          -  Classified as stages I to III of Kelgreen and Lawrence (KL), ie any degree of
             gonarthritis without obliteration of the joint space.

          -  With indication for clinical treatment of OA.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with cognitive, psychiatric and neurological disorders or whose symptoms
             during the evaluation are related or significantly interfere in the functions of
             attention, memory, logical thinking, understanding and interaction with the group in
             order to hinder the assimilation of the given guidelines.

        Missing classroom interventions
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Assessment of the ACE Program for Rehabilitation in Hearing Loss

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Bilateral hearing loss equal or higher than 40 decibels

          -  Age 65 years old or more

          -  Agree to be included in the study

          -  Have a relative to go to the intervention with the subject

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe organic brain impairment

          -  Physical or mental incapacity to understand the study questionnaires

          -  Structural pathology of the ear that produces hearing loss as chronic otitis media,
             ear canal tumor, or tumor of the cerebellopontine angle
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 65 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department following an episode of syncope.  He was working out when he felt dizzy and passed out without head injury.  He has had 3 other episodes of light-headedness over the last year, all happening during physical activity. He never had this experience while resting. He has no other medical conditions.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  His father died suddenly at age 35.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  On physical examination, the patient has a harsh systolic murmur.  The lungs are clear with no peripheral edema. Echocardiography shows asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy.

Patient's own account: I'm 23, and I got admitted to the ER because I fainted all of a sudden. I was in the gym, working out, when all of a sudden, I just got dizzy and passed out. Hopefully, I didn't hit my head. It's not my first time having that kind of dizziness at the gym, never when I'm chilling at home tho. I don't have any special medical conditions and I'm not even smoking, drinking or doing drugs! My dad died suddenly when he was 35, so I'm kind of scared. My vitals were normal while at the ER and they did a physical exam and they told me my heart sounds abnormal. My lungs are ok, but I had to do an echography of my heart, and they told me it is bigger than average.

Clinical trial: Genomic Sequencing in Patients With HCM Undergoing Septal Myectomy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patient is 18 years and older has a clinical diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

          -  Patient scheduled for clinically-indicated myomectomy.

          -  Patient has a negative family history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

          -  Patient is willing to receive results of secondary variant screen

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnant

          -  Inability to give informed consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of dizziness.  She also has occasional nausea and ringing in her right ear.  The patient also has difficulty hearing while holding her phone to the left ear, although hearing in her right ear is normal.  The dizziness improves spontaneously, and she feels fine between episodes.  Past medical history is notable for hypothyroidism and low vit D level, for which she is using Levothyroxine and Vit D pearl.  She does not use tobacco or drink alcohol. Physical examination shows sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear. She has only one-man sexual partner and menopaused 2 years ago.

Patient's own account: The other day, I had to go to the clinic due to severe dizziness. I'm 47 years old, and I've been suffering from nausea and ringing in my right ear. I also have difficulty hearing in my left ear while I hold my phone, even if my hearing in my right ear is normal. The dizziness just gets me all of a sudden but I don't have any symptoms in between 2 episodes. I suffer from hypothyroidism and low vitamin D levels. So I take Levothyrox and vitamin D pearl. I don't smoke or drink. They conducted a physical exam and said I had hearing loss in my left ear. My only partner is my husband, and I'm menopause for 2 years now.

Clinical trial: To Study the Characteristics of Different Types of Vertigo in Patients Attending the Ear Nose & Throat (ENT) Clinics.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male or female patients 18 years of age and older

          -  Patients with vestibular vertigo of known or unknown origin

          -  Patients who are willing and able to provide written informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with any condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, makes the
             patient unsuitable for inclusion based on clinical judgment

          -  Patient with psychiatric disorders, significant neurological disorder or spinal cord
             damage that would make the evaluation difficult for the investigator

          -  Patients who are not willing to give informed consent

          -  Patients with a known history of hypersensitivity to betahistine

          -  Patients with a history of pheochromocytoma
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment