Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 30-year-old man who is a computer scientist came to the clinic with the lab result stating azoospermia.  The patient is sexually active with his wife and does not use any contraception methods.  They have been trying to conceive for the past year with no success.  The patient has a past medical history of recurrent pneumonia, shortness of breath, and  persistent cough that produces large amounts of thick sputum. The patient had multiple lung infections during childhood. He does not smoke, use illicit drugs or alcohol.  The patient has no history of other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery.  On physical examination, the digits show clubbing.  An ultrasound shows bilateral absence of the vas deferens, and FEV1 was 75% on the respiratory function test.

Patient's own account: I'm a 30-year-old computer scientist. I did some lab tests that came back quite alarming, stating that I have azoospermia?! I'm sexually active with my wife and we don't use contraception. We've been trying to have a child for the past year. I have a medical history of pneumonia and shortness of breath and regular wet cough. I had several lung infections when I was a kid. That's why I'm very careful and don't smoke, do drugs, or drink. I don't have other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery. The doctor did the clubbing test on my fingers, which was positive. I also did an ultrasound and it showed that I'm missing the tubes that carry sperm around. I also had a 75% for my respiratory function test.

Clinical trial: Can Calcium Ionophore Application Enhance the ICSI Outcomes in Severe Male Factor Infertility?

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe male factor infertility, Average response to COH,

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Poor responders,
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Mesh and Mesh Fixation in Laparoscopic Groin Hernia Surgery

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  All laparoscopic TEP and TAPP repairs that have been registered in the SHR from
             January 1, 2005 until December 31, 2017.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Open repairs.

          -  Hernioplasties that were converted from laparoscopic to open surgery.

          -  Age < 15 years.

          -  Patients not having a 10-digit state-assigned Patient Identification Number.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 15 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Personal FET in RIF Patients According to Histological Dating of Endometrial of Natural/ Hormone Replacement Cycle

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        The inclusion criteria for RIF group were:

        •unexplained repeated implantation failure (RIF) which is defined as the absence of a
        gestational sac on ultrasound at 5 or more weeks after embryo transfer (ET) after 3 embryo
        transfers with high quality embryos or after the transfer of ≥10 embryos in multiple
        transfers.

        The inclusion criteria for control group were:

          -  age <35 years;

          -  regular menstrual cycles of 24-35 days;

          -  baseline follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) < 9.0 IU/L;

          -  endometrial thickness ≥8.0 mm on the day of hCG administration.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  uterine abnormalities (double uterus, bicornuate uterus, unicornuate uterus);

          -  intrauterine adhesions（moderate - severe）, endometriosis, adenomyosis, untreated
             hydrosalpinx, uterine fibroids (submucosal fibroids, nonmucosal fibroids >4.0 cm
             and/or endometrial pressure)

          -  history of adverse pregnancy (including spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and fetal
             malformation).
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: A Gene Therapy Study for Hemophilia B

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Able to provide informed consent and comply with requirements of the study

          -  Males ≥18 y.o. with confirmed diagnosis of hemophilia B (≤2 IU/dL or ≤2% endogenous
             factor IX)

          -  Received ≥50 exposure days to factor IX products

          -  A minimum average of 4 bleeding events per year requiring episodic treatment of factor
             IX infusions or prophylactic factor IX infusions

          -  No measurable factor IX inhibitor as assessed by the central laboratory and have no
             prior history of inhibitors to factor IX protein

          -  Agree to use reliable barrier contraception until 3 consecutive samples are negative
             for vector sequences

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Evidence of active hepatitis B or C

          -  Currently on antiviral therapy for hepatitis B or C

          -  Have significant underlying liver disease

          -  Have serological evidence* of HIV-1 or HIV-2 with CD4 counts ≤200/mm3 (* subjects who
             are HIV+ and stable with CD4 count >200/mm3 and undetectable viral load are eligible
             to enroll)

          -  Neutralizing antibodies reactive with AAV-Spark100 above and/or below a defined titre

          -  Participated in a gene transfer trial within the last 52 weeks or in a clinical trial
             with an investigational drug within the last 12 weeks

          -  Unable or unwilling to comply with study assessments
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 15-year-old boy with mild intellectual disability is brought to the office by his parents for a routine physical examination.  The boy is going to a school for students with learning disabilities.  The patient was adopted, and his immunizations are up to date.  Review of the patient's medical records is notable for cytogenetic studies that showed a small gap near the tip of the long arm of the X chromosome, which is consistent with fragile X syndrome, an X-linked disorder. The defect is an unstable expansion of trinucleotide repeats (CGG) in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, located on the long arm of the X chromosome. He is not using any medications and vital signs are within normal levels. His blood chemistry analysis as bellow:
Blood Chemistry Value      Normal Range     Patient Value
Glucose                    90-120 mg/dl     95 mg/dl
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)  7-24 mg/dl       10 mg/dl
Creatinine                 0.7-1.4 mg/dl    0.8 mg/dl
Calcium                    8.5-10.5 mg/dl   9 mg/dl
Sodium                     134-143 mEq/L    135 mEq/L
Potassium                  3.5-4.5 mEq/L    3.7 mEq/L
Chloride                   95-108 mEq/L     98 mEq/L
CO2                        20-30 mEq/L      25 mEq/L
Blood pH                   7.38-7.42        7. 39

Patient's own account: My husband and I brought our 15-year-old son to the clinic for his routine exam. My son is going to school for special needs students. We adopted him a few years ago. His vaccinations are up to date. He already passed some chromosome testing and they found that he has a fragile X syndrome. The doctor told us that it comes from repeats in the fragile X chromosome. My son is not using any medication and his blood pressure temperature and breathing were normal during the exam. He also did a blood test. The results came back and showed that his blood sugar urea creatinine calcium sodium potassium chloride CO2 and blood pH were all within the normal range.

Clinical trial: Double-blind Placebo Controlled Study of Oxytocin in Fragile X Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Confirmed genetic diagnosis of Fragile X (FraX) (full mutation).

          2. Male (who have more serious effects due to the X chromosome nature of the disorder)

          3. Age 13-29 years.

          4. Parent of adolescent must be willing to sign informed consent.

          5. Intelligence Quotient (IQ) > 42.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Cardiac risk factors.

          2. Medication exclusions: opiates or opiate antagonists, corticosteroids, typical or
             atypical antipsychotics.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 13 Years old.
Subject must be at most 29 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 41-year-old woman comes to the dermatology clinic complaining of facial redness, especially on her forehead and cheeks. She noticed that the redness gets worse in the summer and after sun exposure. She is otherwise healthy. On physical examination, she has multiple papules and pustules present on her forehead, cheeks, and nose on a background of erythema and telangiectasias. There are no other lesions or nodules. The patient is married and has 2 children who are 5 and 9 years old. She has IUD and doesn't wish to have more kids. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. Her vital signs are normal, and BMI is 21.

Patient's own account: I'm 41, married with 2 lovely kids who are 5 and 9 years old. I have an IUD and I don't want to have more kids. I don't smoke or drink alcohol. I had to go to the dermatology clinic because I had terrible redness on my face, especially on my forehead and cheeks. It got worse in the summer and after being under the sun. I'm usually healthy. They conducted a physical exam and they found several lesions and pustules on my forehead, cheeks and nose and they also found some signs of erythema and telangiectasia. My vitals were normal, and my BMI is 21.

Clinical trial: Phase 3 Papulopustular Rosacea Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. The subject has papulopustular rosacea with an Investigator Global Assessment (IGA)
             score rated 3 (moderate) or 4 (severe),

          2. The subject has at least 15 but not more than 70 inflammatory lesions (papules and
             pustules) on the face.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. The subject has particular forms of rosacea (rosacea conglobata, rosacea fulminans,
             isolated rhinophyma, isolated pustulosis of the chin) or other facial dermatoses that
             may be confounded with papulopustular rosacea, such as peri oral dermatitis, facial
             keratosis pilaris, seborrheic dermatitis, and acne,

          2. The subject has rosacea with more than two nodules on the face.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Biomechanical and Morphological Changes in Dystrophic Muscle

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Young man ou woman (5 to 17 years old) with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (confirmed by
             immunohistochimy on the muscular biopsy and/or mutation in the dystrophin confirmed by
             molecular biology)

          -  Time more than 7 secondes to test of 10 m and/or distance less than 330 m to walk test
             of 6 minutes. These values are recent markers to include children with a strong risk
             of loss of walking ability in 2 years.

          -  Parental inform sign consent and / or child inform consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Recent orthopaedic surgery of lower limbs (6 months)

          -  Other chronic disease associated, which have an impact on the walking

          -  Cognitive Deficiency or behavior disorders limiting the understanding of the study

          -  Children who can benefit ATU (translarna ® or other) during the study

          -  All MRI contradications : pacemaker or neurosensory stimulator or implantable
             defibrillator, neurosurgical valves, cochlear implant or ferromagnetic implants near
             nervous structures, brace, metallic prostheses, not cooperative or agitated patients,
             patient claustrophobic, pregnant woman.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 5 Years old.
Subject must be at most 17 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: Physiotherapeutic Intervention in Children With Chronic Functional Constipation

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Less than 2 per week defecation

          -  Fecal incontinence

          -  Retentive behavior

          -  Pain at defecation and

          -  Hard stools

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Medication use (calcium, antacid, diuretic and hematinic)

          -  Organic causes (spina bifid, hypothyroidism, hirschusprung disease, developmental
             delay neuropsychomotor, kidney disease and metabolic diseases)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 4 Years old.
Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: Comparison of Circular(Soave) and Heart-shaped Anastomosis in Hirschsprung's Disease: A Prospective Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Age<14 years

          2. Hirschsprung's disease diagnosed by biopsy

          3. Surgical indication

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Age>14 years

          2. Not Hirschsprung's disease

          3. Surgical contraindication
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 14 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: A Pilot Study to Assess the Accuracy of Blood Pressure Assessment by the Omron HeartGuide Smartwatch

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age > 18 years

          -  Post-operative cardiac surgery patients on the ICU floors at the Cleveland Clinic Main
             Campus

          -  Wrist size range ranging from 16 cm to 19 cm

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Wrist size range smaller than 16 cm or larger than 19 cm

          -  Use of a radial artery graft for coronary artery bypass grafting
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction