Patient case (clinical description): A 15-year-old boy with mild intellectual disability is brought to the office by his parents for a routine physical examination.  The boy is going to a school for students with learning disabilities.  The patient was adopted, and his immunizations are up to date.  Review of the patient's medical records is notable for cytogenetic studies that showed a small gap near the tip of the long arm of the X chromosome, which is consistent with fragile X syndrome, an X-linked disorder. The defect is an unstable expansion of trinucleotide repeats (CGG) in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, located on the long arm of the X chromosome. He is not using any medications and vital signs are within normal levels. His blood chemistry analysis as bellow:
Blood Chemistry Value      Normal Range     Patient Value
Glucose                    90-120 mg/dl     95 mg/dl
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)  7-24 mg/dl       10 mg/dl
Creatinine                 0.7-1.4 mg/dl    0.8 mg/dl
Calcium                    8.5-10.5 mg/dl   9 mg/dl
Sodium                     134-143 mEq/L    135 mEq/L
Potassium                  3.5-4.5 mEq/L    3.7 mEq/L
Chloride                   95-108 mEq/L     98 mEq/L
CO2                        20-30 mEq/L      25 mEq/L
Blood pH                   7.38-7.42        7. 39

Patient's own account: My husband and I brought our 15-year-old son to the clinic for his routine exam. My son is going to school for special needs students. We adopted him a few years ago. His vaccinations are up to date. He already passed some chromosome testing and they found that he has a fragile X syndrome. The doctor told us that it comes from repeats in the fragile X chromosome. My son is not using any medication and his blood pressure temperature and breathing were normal during the exam. He also did a blood test. The results came back and showed that his blood sugar urea creatinine calcium sodium potassium chloride CO2 and blood pH were all within the normal range.

Clinical trial: A Study of RO4917523 in Patients With Fragile X Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Adult and adolescent patients, 14-50 years of age

          -  Diagnosis of fragile X syndrome with a confirmed fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1)
             full mutation and qualifying scores on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and CGI-S

          -  Patients must agree to either remain completely abstinent or to use two effective
             contraceptive methods during and 3 weeks after the study

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous treatment with another metabotropic glutamate (mGLU) receptor antagonist
             within 18 months or with RO4917523

          -  Participation in a clinical trial involving an investigational (unapproved) drug
             within 3 months or 5 times the half-life (whichever is longer) before start of this
             study

          -  Any uncontrolled, unstable clinically significant psychiatric condition other than
             fragile X syndrome

          -  History of suicidal behavior
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 14 Years old.
Subject must be at most 50 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment