Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: A New Approach in Inguinal Hernia Repair: Double Repair. A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Inguinal hernia

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Recurrences, child
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with a history of nosebleeds lasting for 1 hour. She has a history of heavy menses as well as occasional gum bleeding following dental procedures. Her mother also has a history of menorrhagia. Laboratory tests reveal increased bleeding time and slightly increased partial thromboplastin time. She has no other medical conditions and is otherwise healthy. Her coagulation study shows CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL. She is not smoking or using any kind of illicit drugs. She uses alcohol occasionally and is in ra elationship with her boyfriend for the past 2 years.

Patient's own account: I had to rush to the ER because of a non-stop nosebleed that had been on for 1 hour. As a 23-year-old, I always had heavy periods, and sometimes, my gums would bleed after going to the dentist or brushing my teeth. I thought that it was not very alarming since my mom also had heavy periods. I did some lab tests that showed that I had increased bleeding time and long clotting time. Otherwise, I'm pretty healthy, and I don't smoke or take any kind of drugs. I drink only at parties from time to time. I have been with my boyfriend for the last 2 years. I did a coagulation study and I got the following results: CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL.

Clinical trial: Determination of Fibrin Activity in Plasma on STA-R® Prototype

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients and healthy volunteers with non-opposition to participate in the evaluation

          -  Healthy volunteers : from 18 years to 70 years

          -  Patients : minimum age limit 18 years - no maximum age limit

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Healthy volonteers with ongoing treatment

          -  Healthy volonteers with abnormal hemostasis results
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Inguinal Hernia Operation and Postoperative Pain

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  18-80 years old male patients, with a symptomatic inguinal hernia that can be
             diagnosed by clinical examination. Primary and unilateral hernia. The operation
             performed at a day surgery unit.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  female

          -  bilateral hernia

          -  Incarcerated hernia

          -  Scrotal hernia

          -  ASA-classification >3

          -  BMI >35 or <18

          -  No hernia found in clinical examination

          -  Liver cirrhosis

          -  Other contraindication for inguinal hernia operation

          -  Anticoagulant therapy, that needs bridge therapy when paused
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Clarithromycin Versus Azithromycin in Treatment of Mild COVID-19 Infection

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  COVID-19 cases

          -  Oxygen saturation > 93%

          -  Age >18 years

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients <18 years,

          -  patients with Oxygen saturation < 93%, patients with

          -  Diabetes mellitus or

          -  heart failure,

          -  patients on chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: The CALIBER Study Randomized Controlled Trial of LINX Versus Double-Dose Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy for Reflux Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Key Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Patient seeks consultation for lack of satisfactory symptom response to once daily
             PPIs.

          2. Age≥ 21 years old.

          3. Abnormal distal esophageal pH determined by total % time pH <4 or DeMeester Score.
             Testing to be completed off GERD medications for at least 7 days, with the exception
             of antacids, which may be taken up until the morning of assessment.

          4. Suitable surgical candidate (i.e. is able to undergo general anesthesia and
             laparoscopic surgery).

          5. Patient has provided written informed consent for participation in the randomized
             study.

        Key Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Currently taking double-dose PPIs (twice daily dosing).

          2. Hiatal hernia >3cm as determined by endoscopy.

          3. Distal esophageal motility (average of sensors 3 and 4) is less than 35 mmHg
             peristaltic amplitude on wet swallows or <70% (propulsive) peristaltic sequences.

          4. Esophagitis Grade C or D (Los Angeles classification).

          5. Body mass index >35.

          6. Diagnosed with an esophageal motility disorder LES.

          7. Esophageal stricture or gross esophageal anatomic abnormalities

          8. History of/or known Barrett's esophagus.

          9. Suspected or known allergies to titanium, stainless steel, nickel or ferrous
             materials.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office for routine checkup. He is complaining of chronic cough and occasional but progressive dyspnea.  Other medical conditions include hypertension and osteoarthritis.  The patient smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and does not use alcohol or illicit drugs.  He used to be a construction worker. On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of both lungs.  Chest CT scan reveals a mild bilateral pleural effusion and diffuse thickening of the pleura. The patient's documents show chronic exposure to asbestosis. The specimen of the lungs reveled  pulmonary fibrosis that is most predominant in the lower lobes, characterized  by the presence of asbestos bodies (golden-brown beaded rods with translucent centers).

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old former construction worker. I'm a man and I smoke a pack of cigs a day but I don't drink or do drugs. I went to my routine checkup because I've been coughing so much lately. I also had shortness of breath and it got worse over time. I already suffer from hypertension and osteoarthritis. My doctor found that I have decreased breath sounds. I did a chest scan and it seems that I have fluid around my lungs, and the lining of my lungs has become thicker in many areas. I have been exposed a lot to asbestos fibers. The other lung exam showed that I have pulmonary fibrosis, especially in the lower part of my lungs and they found some asbestos there.

Clinical trial: Korean Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Registry

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  IPF patients diagnosed by multidisciplinary discussion

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Other interstitial lung diseases except for IPF

          -  connective tissue disease-related ILD

          -  exposure-related ILD
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 30 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Testosterone Gel in Preventing Weakness Caused by Steroid Therapy in Men With Glioma

Eligibility criteria:
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

          -  Newly diagnosed high-grade glioma, including the following subtypes:

               -  Anaplastic astrocytoma

               -  Anaplastic oligodendroglioma

               -  Glioblastoma multiforme

          -  Requires dexamethasone at a dose of > 4 mg/day to control symptoms of tumor-related
             edema at time of study enrollment AND has been on a stable dose of steroids for ≥ 5
             days prior to study enrollment

          -  Completed ≥ 80% of prescribed radiotherapy

          -  Hypogonadal, defined as serum testosterone level < 350 ng/dL

          -  No history of prostate or breast cancer

          -  No benign prostatic hypertrophy requiring therapy OR AUA score of ≥ 8

               -  PSA ≤ 4 ng/mL

        PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

          -  Karnofsky performance status 60-100%

          -  Able to keep daily records or has a care provider that agrees to keep daily records of
             drug administration

          -  No clinical history of congestive heart failure requiring therapy

          -  No psychotic disorder requiring active treatment

          -  No structured exercise program involving exercise for > 3 hours/week

          -  No polycythemia (i.e., hematocrit > 52%)

        PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

          -  More than 6 months since prior androgen therapy
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 120 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: RCT Measuring the Effect of the ERVIN Software

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients referred from a general practitioner in the North Denmark Region to the
             orthopaedic clinic at Aalborg University Hospital

          -  Patients with painful OA in hip- or knee joint.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients unable to answer the questions in danish
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 40-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of gritty sensation in her eyes. She also has difficulty swallowing dry foods with no pain or heartburn.  The patient is a schoolteacher and must drink water frequently during lectures due to her mouth dryness.  She also reports occasional joint pain.  Medical history is not significant other than the confirmed Sjogren disease with no other rheumatologic disease.  She is sexually active with her husband and has 2 children both delivered by natural vaginal delivery. She has no history of any kind of surgery. Physical examination shows conjunctival erythema and cracking of the lips. The remainder of the examination and history is normal. Her lab result shows elevated ESR (50 mm/h)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had a terrible gritty sensation in my eyes. It was also hard to swallow dry food, but it didn't burn, and there was no pain. I'm a 40-year-old female school teacher and I should drink water for the lectures because otherwise, my mouth gets really dry. I also have joint pain from time to time. I have been diagnosed with Sjogren disease but no other rheumatologic disease. I have a husband, we're sexually active, and I also have two lovely children that I delivered both naturally. I never undergone any surgery. Physical examination when I came to the clinic, and it showed cracking on my lips and a pink eye. The rest was fine. I also did some lab tests, and they came back with high ESR.

Clinical trial: Study of the Clinical and Biological Efficacity of NAAXIA SINE® in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis,

          -  mild or moderate : clinical score >3 and <= 14, calculated from 4 major symptoms
             (itching, tearing, photophobia, foreign body sensation) and 6 major clinical signs
             (conjunctival erythema, conjunctival chemosis, discharge, papillae, limbal infiltrates
             and corneal epithelial disease)

          -  age >= 4 years old

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  no occurrence of ocular trauma or infection (within the 3 months preceding the study),

          -  no ocular medical treatment (topical or not) within the 5 days preceding the study,

          -  no ocular laser (within the 3 previous months),

          -  no ocular surgery (within the previous year),

          -  patient who signs the informed consent form (or his/her parents or legal guardian in
             the case of underage patient).
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 4 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Comparison of a Weight Bearing and a Non-weight Bearing Protocol on Osteoporotic Women With Chronic Low Back Pain

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  women with osteoporosis (T score lower than -2.5)

          -  women whom had suffered from non specific low back pain for the last 3 months or more.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  history of operations in the spine

          -  history of cancer or neurologic disease

          -  history of fractures

          -  previous trauma to the spine

          -  persons whom for any reason cannot sit on a chair or lie on a mattress for 45 minutes
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Effects of Joint Effusion on Quadriceps Muscle

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  50 years old or older with knee osteoarthritis

          -  knee pain without joint effusion confirmed by ultrasonography

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  the presence of knee joint effusion determined using US

          -  a history of knee injury or surgery

          -  a history of knee injection within 3 months

          -  a history of inflammatory arthritis

          -  taking anticoagulants

          -  balance or gait disturbance

          -  diabetes mellitus
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction