Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Postoperative Sore Throat in Children: Comparison Between Two Supraglottic Devices, Ambu® AuraOnce™ Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) and I-Gel®.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  6 to 16 year old patients of both gender

          -  ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) I and ASA II patients

          -  Scheduled for elective lower abdominal surgery (inguinal hernia repair or
             circumcision) or orthopedic surgery (upper and lower limb) under General anesthesia.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with risk of aspiration (incomplete NPO (Nil per oral), Gastroesophageal
             reflux disease, Congenital anatomic abnormalities of aero digestive tract, delayed
             gastric emptying, altered mental status)

          -  Difficult airway(difficult mask ventilation or difficult laryngoscopy, Cormack-Lehane
             grade more than 2 in patient history, trismus, limited mouth opening, trauma or mass)

          -  Children who are unable to self-report pain using a four-point categorical pain scale

          -  Refusal of the parent

          -  Refusal of the child to give assent

          -  Patients having pre-existing sore throat or symptoms of Upper respiratory tract
             infection.

          -  Obese children i.e. BMI for age percentile equal to or greater than the 95th
             percentile on BMI-for-age percentile growth charts.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 6 Years old.
Subject must be at most 16 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 27-year-old woman comes to the dermatology clinic with skin rash and oral ulcers.  The rashes are mildly itchy. The patient has no other medical conditions and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On examination, there are pink papules symmetrically distributed over the anterior surfaces of the shins and ankles. There are some white ulcerated papules on her buccal mucosa. She is in relationship with her boyfriend and has only one sexual partner. Her boyfriend uses condoms. She smokes 1 to 2 cigarettes a day and drinks a beer daily. Biopsy reveals prominent hyperkeratosis with a thickened granular layer.  There is an infiltration of mononuclear cells in the superficial dermis that involves the overlying epidermis. The rete ridges have a sawtooth appearance.

Patient's own account: I went to the dermatologist because I had rashes on my skin and ulcers in my mouth. The rashes were not that itchy. I don't get it! I'm 27, I don't take medication, nor I don't have any other illnesses. My vitals were normal. My doc told me there were pink spots on the back of my throat. I'm heterosexual and have been only with my boyfriend and he uses condoms. I smoke 1 or 2 cigarettes a day and I drink a beer to accompany it. I had a biopsy and it showed some thick and grainy skin texture. The doc said it's an immune reaction.

Clinical trial: A Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Two Nicotine Patches in Smokers

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  BMI 19-27 kg/m2

          -  smokes >10 cigarettes per day for preceeding 6 months

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  inability to stop smoking during study
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 19 Years old.
Subject must be at most 55 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: Study Of Sunitinib In Combination With Cisplatin And 5-Fluorouracil In Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  confirmed diagnosis of stomach cancer

          -  advanced stomach cancer stage IV

          -  adequate blood chemistry, blood counts and kidney function

          -  willing to participate to study requirements and to sign an informed consent document

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  prior chemotherapy for stomach cancer in its advanced stage

          -  excessive toxicities related to prior therapies

          -  pregnant or breastfeeding patients
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Mini Thoracoscopy vs Semirigid Thoracoscopy in Exudative Pleural Effusions

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age >18 years Presence of undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion as determined by the
             criteria detailed by Light et al where a specific diagnosis was not obtained after
             initial cytological and/or microbiological examinations.

        Adequate rib spaces for successful performance of thoracoscopy as judged by clinical
        examination Adequate pleural fluid space as judged by pre-procedural USG chest

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Pregnancy

          2. Coagulopathy (platelet count < 50000/mm3, INR > 1.5)

          3. Unstable hemodynamic status ( SBP > 180, DBP> 100 or SBP< 90 mm Hg / heart failure

          4. Myocardial infarction or unstable angina in the last 6 wk

          5. Hypoxemia not correctable with low flow oxygen (SpO2 <90% despite low flow oxygen @
             1-2 l/min)

          6. Extensive rib crowding as judged by clinical examination

          7. Extensive adhesions and lack of pleural space on USG chest

          8. Refusal of consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: The Effectiveness of Eldecalcitol in the Bisphosphonate Non-respondered-patients With Osteoporosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Clinical diagnosis of Osteoporosis

          -  Must be able to swallow tablets

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  N/A
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Effekt-2 - Efficacy and Safety of Long-term Treatment With KOGENATE® FS in Latin America

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with diagnosis of hemophilia A, independent of age, treated with KOGENATE® FS
             as their only source of FVIII, decision taken by the investigator to administer
             KOGENATE® FS. For pretreated patients with more than 100 exposure days an inhibitor
             assessment within three months prior to enrollment should be available; for pretreated
             patients with less than 100 exposure days an inhibitor assessment at baseline should
             be available.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: Phase III Randomized Trial of Adjuvant XP Chemotherapy and XP/RT for Resected Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Histologically proven gastric adenocarcinoma

          2. ≥ D2 resection

          3. Stage IB(T1N1,T2bN0), II, IIIA, IIIB, IV(T4,N3 포함, M1 lymph node 제외)

          4. 18 ≤ age ≤ 75

          5. ECOG 0-2

          6. No distant metastasis

          7. Adequate bone marrow functions (ANC ≥ 1,500/ul, blood platelet ≥ 100,000/ul,
             haemoglobin ≥ 10g/dl)

          8. Adequate renal functions(serum creatinine ≤ 1.5mg/dl)

          9. liver functions (serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5mg/dl, AST/ALT ≤ 3 times(normal value)

         10. Written informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Previous history of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy for gastric cancer

          2. Active infection requiring antibiotics

          3. Pregnant, lactating women

          4. Psychiatric illness, epileptic disorders

          5. Concurrent systemic illness not appropriate for chemotherapy

          6. Resection margin (+)

          7. Pathologic stage IA

          8. History of other malignancy within 5 years except for non-melanoma skin cancer, cervix
             in situ carcinoma

          9. M1 lymph node (+)

         10. D0, D1 resection
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 2-year-old boy is brought to the office by his parents due to a rash that started 1 week ago.  A similar red, itchy rash on the cheeks, trunk, and arms has occurred intermittently since infancy.  The patient has had a few upper respiratory infections but no major illnesses.  Vaccinations are up to date, and he takes no medications. He is on a balanced diet, and he is healthy in appearance.  Vital signs and milestone examination are within normal limits.  Similar findings are observed on the cheeks and proximal upper extremities.  The diaper area is clear, and no mucosal lesions are present.

Patient's own account: I just brought my two-year-old son to the doctor's office because he had a rash for like one week. His rash was on the cheeks, the trunk, and his arms. He already had this before, and it keeps coming back from time to time to time. In the past, he had some respiratory infections but he has never been this sick. His vaccinations are up to date, and he doesn't take any medication. He's healthy with a nice diet. The doctor told me his vitals and milestone examinations were normal. The doctor also said there was a rash around the cheek and the upper part of his arms. The diaper area is okay, and there are no lesions.

Clinical trial: Topical Treatment With Fresh Human Milk Versus Emollient on Atopic Eczema Spots in Young Children

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Children with atopic eczema according to Hanifin and Rajkas criteria with a mother
             breastfeeding the child or a sibling.

          -  The eczema spots in the treatment and control areas were to be similar in features and
             extent as well as being localized on contralateral parts of the body.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Children were excluded if the severity of the eczema spots indicated need for
             treatment with antibiotics and/or steroids.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 6 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 33-year-old woman comes to clinic complaining of progressive fatigue, decreased appetite, and 11-lb weight loss in the past 2 months.  She uses levothyroxine because of the previously diagnosed Hashimoto disease. She has no other medical conditions and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Physical examination shows a generalized increase in pigmentation of the skin.  Measurement of serum cortisol before and after administration of exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) shows no difference in the levels. Stable glucocorticoid replacement therapy starts for her with the diagnosis for primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I was really suffering from fatigue and decreased appetite and I also lost 11 pounds over the past two months. I'm just 33 years old so that's not normal, especially for a woman. I take levothyroxine because I have been diagnosed with Hashimoto disease. I don't have any other medical condition, and I don't smoke I don't drink, and I don't do drugs. They also did my physical examination and they saw that I had an increase in pigmentation of my skin. They measured my cortisol level before and after giving me some ACTH hormone, and the results came back with no difference whatsoever. The doctor told me I have Addison disease and put me under glucocorticoid therapy.

Clinical trial: National Education Programme for Patients With Chronic Adrenal Insufficiency

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age > 18 years

          -  patient's written informed consent

          -  Ability to comply with the protocol procedures

          -  patients with primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency under established stable
             replacement therapy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Approach to Hiatal Hernia Repair Based on Collagen Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age older than 20 years

          -  Initially suffering from large hiatal hernia (>20% of the stomach in the thoracic
             cavity)

          -  Performance of laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair

          -  Informed Consent as documented by signature

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Cases of conversion to open surgery

          -  Age < 20 years and > 80 years

          -  History of oesophageal/gastric/duodenal surgery including vagotomy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: BACk Pain in Elders in Norway (BACE-N)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  seek primary care (GP, physiotherapist or chiropractor)

          -  new episode of back pain

          -  no visit of primary care the preceding 6 months for back pain

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  cognitive impairments

          -  difficulties speaking and writing Norwegian

          -  severe mobility impairments (can not attend physical examination)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 55 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment