Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her parents for generalized rash.  The mother reports that she was playing outside wearing a skirt and felt a sharp pain in her arm while seating on a mat, plying with her doll.  Her mother suspects that something had stung her.   The patient's blood pressure is 75/55 mm Hg and her heart rate is 122/min.  Physical examination shows erythematous, raised plaques over the trunk, extremities, and face.  Lung auscultation reveals bilateral expiratory wheezes.

Patient's own account: I just brought my seven-year-old girl to the ER because she just developed a terrible rash. My little girl was playing outside and she was wearing a lovely little skirt and all of a sudden. She felt like a really sharp pain in her arm. She was sitting on a mat playing with her doll. I think that something stung her. They took her blood pressure, and it turned out to be 75 out of 55. Her heart rate was 122. Then they did a physical examination, and it showed rashes all around her trunk, extremities, and face. Her breath test revealed some high-pitched breathing.

Clinical trial: Clinical Evaluation of AI-aided Auscultation With Automatic Classification of Respiratory System Sounds

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Children between 3 months and 18 years old (inclusive) admitted and hospitalized in
             the pulmonary disease ward (PL and EU).

          -  Children between 3 months and 18 years old (inclusive) admitted and hospitalized in
             the pulmonary disease ward or treated in an outpatient clinic (US).

          -  Informed consent of parents or caregivers, according to local regulations.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Skin/soft tissue disease or local infection at the site of pulmonary auscultation or
             any other contraindication for the pulmonary auscultation.

          -  Any concurrent disease or condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would
             make the patient unsuitable for participation in the project.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 3 Months old.
Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Women Initiating New Goals of Safety

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  She is 18 or older

          -  She is currently court supervision at Bronx Community Solutions or a drug treatment
             court or she is currently on probation.

          -  She reports using any illicit drug or drinking 4 or more alcoholic drinks in a 6-hour
             period in the past 90 days or she has been in alcohol or drug treatment in the past 6
             months OR if she report attending any drug or alcohol treatment in the past 6 months.

          -  She reports having had an ongoing intimate, dating or sexual relationship with a male
             or female partner that lasted 3 or more months in the past year.

          -  She lives within a 90-minute commute of 125th and Broadway

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Ability to speak and understand English is not sufficient to participate in
             assessments or intervention sessions.

          -  Inability to complete informed consent process due to a psychiatric or cognitive
             impairment.

          -  The participant is unwilling or unable to commit to completing all the activities in
             the study.
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Diagnostic of Transient Lower Esophageal Sphincter Relaxation With Combined Impedance and High Resolution Manometry in Patients With GERD

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients 18 to 75 years old

          -  GERD documented by :

               -  Typical reflux symptoms (heartburn, regurgitations) completely responsive to PPI
                  therapy

               -  And/or erosive esophagitis or Barrett's esophagus at endoscopy

               -  And/or positive pH 24h monitoring (acid exposure time > 5% or positive symptom
                  association indices)

          -  Possibility of easily positioned transnasal catheter

          -  Patients covered by social security

          -  Subjects must provide written, free and informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnant or lactating women

          -  History of digestive or thoracic surgery (except appendicectomy)

          -  Patients unable to stop PPI therapy for 7 days

          -  Subjects unable to provide written consent, including adult under guardianship and
             emergency situation

          -  Simultaneous participation in another study
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: An Ascending Multiple Dose Study Evaluating AMG 167 in Healthy Men and Postmenopausal Women With Low Bone Mineral Density

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Low bone mineral density as determined at the time of screening [as defined by bone
             mineral density (BMD) T-scores of the lumbar spine (L1-L4), or total evaluable
             vertebrae (if fewer than L1-L4); or femoral neck between -1.0 and -2.5, exclusive]

          -  25-hydroxyvitamin D ≥ 20 ng/mL

          -  Willing and able to take ≥ 1,000 mg elemental calcium and ≥ 800 IU (but ≤ 1,000 IU)
             vitamin D daily upon enrollment

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Osteoporosis, as defined by BMD T-scores of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) or total
             evaluable vertebrae (if fewer than L1-L4); or femoral neck ≤ 2.5

          -  History of vertebral fracture, or fragility fracture (a fracture resulting from no or
             minor trauma; ie, fall from standing height or less) of the wrist, humerus, hip, or
             pelvis after age 50

          -  Diagnosed with any condition that will affect bone metabolism

          -  Diagnosis of clotting factor deficiency or history of bleeding or coagulation disorder

          -  History of spinal stenosis

          -  History of facial nerve paralysis

        Exclusion Criteria for Cohort 7 Sub-study (Transition to Alendronate):

          -  Contraindicated or intolerant of alendronate therapy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Pregnancies of Uncertain Location or Viability Research

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Positive urinary pregnancy test performed 18 days after oocyte retrieval in a fresh
             treatment cycle or 13-16 days after embryo transfer in a frozen embryo replacement
             cycle depending on the stage of embryo development at the time of transfer

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Negative urinary pregnancy test performed 18 days after oocyte retrieval in a fresh
             treatment cycle or 13-16 days after embryo transfer in a frozen embryo replacement
             cycle depending on the stage of embryo development at the time of transfer

          -  No evidence of an intrauterine fluid collection during the index test

          -  Evidence of a yolk sac and/or fetal pole during the index test

          -  Final diagnosis not known
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 45 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Effects of Naturally Silicon-Rich Water on Bone Metabolism in Women

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Body mass index (BMI) < 30

          -  Postmenopausal women with no evidence of osteoporosis by dual energy X-ray
             absorptiometry (DEXA) scan (T ≥ -2 in the total hip and lumbar spine).

          -  Pre- or peri-menopausal women with osteopenia but no evidence of osteoporosis by DEXA
             scan (-1.5 ≤ T ≤ -2 in the total hip and lumbar spine)

          -  No estrogens or corticosteroids

          -  No prior history of bisphosphonate medication

          -  Otherwise in good health with no significant illnesses which could affect bone
             metabolism such as hypercortisolism, untreated hypothyroidism, treatment with statins
             or other drugs affecting bone metabolism other than calcium and vitamin D3.

          -  No change in exercise regimen or calcium intake in the past 3 months.

          -  Subject must sign the Institutional Review Board-approved written informed consent
             prior to the initiation of any study specific procedures or randomization. A subject
             will be excluded for any condition that might compromise the ability to give truly
             informed consent for participation in the study.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Males

          -  Premenopausal women with DEXA T scores ≥ -1.5 or ≤ -2.

          -  Postmenopausal women with DEXA T scores ≤ -2.
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Repair: Are Muscle Relaxants Necessary? Endotracheal Intubation vs Laryngeal Mask Airway

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Children aged 0-18 years

          -  Diagnosed with inguinal hernia or communicating hydrocele

          -  Due to undergo laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous abdominal surgery

          -  Comorbidities that will effect surgical time, time under anesthesia, intragastric
             pressure and abdominal pressure
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the clinic for his routine checkup. The patient wears glasses for myopia and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the patient is tall with long upper extremities and fingers.  The face appears narrow with down-slanted palpebral fissures, flattened malar bones, and a small jaw.  The lungs are clear on auscultation.  The abdomen is soft with no organomegaly. The patient is diagnosed with Marfan syndrome, and he is cooperative with his medical appointments. He is working as driver.

Patient's own account: I'm a 20-year-old guy, working as a driver and I went to the clinic for my routine checkup. I have myopia, so I wear glasses and I don't take any other medications. My vitals were normal. I also did a physical exam, and I was told that I have long legs, arms, and fingers. They also told me that my face is quite narrow, with down-slanted eyes and a small jaw. My lungs were fine and my tummy too. I have been diagnosed with Marfan syndrome and I haven't been skipping any medical appointments since.

Clinical trial: Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging of the Posterior Segment in High Myopia.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Healthy young adult males with myopia <-8D

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Best corrected visual acuity <6/9

          -  Previous intraocular surgery

          -  Intraocular pressure >21mmHg

          -  Gonioscopic findings of angle closure

          -  Clinical evidence of pseudo-exfoliation, uveitis or pigment dispersion syndrome,
             corneal or media opacities, retinal pathology or neurological diseases

          -  Family history in a first degree relative of glaucoma or other optic neuropathy.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Comparison Open Lichtenstein Repair and Totally Extraperitoneal Herniorrhaphy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  inguinal hernia

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  recurrent hernia
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Collection of Biological Samples With Clinical Characterization of Covid-19 Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosis of COVID-19 confirmed on RT-PCR test or chest scanner

          -  Any age

          -  Membership in the general social security system

          -  Inform consent signed by the patient or by legal representatives for minors

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Refusal of the patient or one of the legal representatives
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment