Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 3-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her parents for assessment of her short stature. Physical examination reveals short limbs and a relatively large head. She has a flat nasal bridge and a small midface. The girl's father exhibits similar physical features; however, her mother looks normal. The genetic testing reveals an autosomal dominant point mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene consistent with achondroplasia in both father and the child. The girl has not received any treatment yet, and it is her first visit after immigration to the US. The other mental and developmental examinations are unremarkable.

Patient's own account: I just brought my little 3-year-old girl to the clinic to have her checked up by the doctor. I was worried sick because she was smaller than her classmates. The lovely doctor performed a physical exam and she told me that she has short limbs and a larger head. My girl also has a flat nasal bridge and a small midface. My baby just has the face of her father, unlike me! They performed some genetic testing on my child and my husband and found out that both my husband and her have a mutation of the FGFR3 gene, which led the doctor to diagnose them with dwarfism. My baby never received any treatment and it was our first visit to the doctor since we arrived in the US. The other tests regarding her mental and physical development were perfectly fine.

Clinical trial: Maternal Screening and Antiviral Therapy in Pregnant Women to Reduce Mother-to-infant Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

          -  Women aged 20-45 years in 28 to 32 weeks of pregnancy

          -  Positive HBsAg and HBeAg

          -  Serum viral load above 6 log10 IU/mL

        Exclusion criteria:

          -  Major systemic disease of the mother or fetus

          -  Positive anti-HIV or anti-HCV

          -  Under treatment of antiviral therapy

          -  Pregnant woman whose ultrasonographic examination reveals congenital anomaly of the
             fetus

          -  Pregnant woman whose amniocentesis reveals any genetic abnormality
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Preoperative Score of Inguinal Hernias. Is it Useful to Predict Outcomes

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male sex

          -  Age > 18 years

          -  Primary inguinal hernia

          -  Unilateral hernia

          -  Elective surgery

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Recurrent inguinal hernia
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic with her roommate.  The roommate says that the patient has twice fallen asleep while they were talking.  The patient has regularly fallen asleep in the afternoon while reading or watching television but typically feels refreshed after a brief nap.  She also reveals that she sometimes hears a voice prior to falling asleep.  She also complains of some episodes of clumsiness that cause her to drop objects or fall. MSLT showed that the sleep latency was less than 8 min and that the patient enters rapid eye movement (REM) sleep almost immediately.

Patient's own account: I brought my roommate to the clinic because she kept falling asleep when we were having a conversation. We're both 25 and usually healthy girls. She usually takes a nap in the afternoon while reading or watching TV, but usually, she is quite energetic afterward. She told me that she sometimes hears a voice before falling asleep. How weird! And sometimes she's the clumsiest! She keeps dropping all her stuff. The doctor did a sleeping test and she found out that it takes her less than 8 min to fall asleep.

Clinical trial: PSG Validation Study of Zensorium Biosensing Wearable Device

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  1. Health status: Healthy, or those with sleep-wake disorders

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Pregnancy

          2. Currently smoking

          3. Any respiratory disorder other than associated with Sleep/Wake Disorder or
             well-controlled asthma

          4. Habitual use of medications known to affect respiratory function (e.g. opioids,
             benzodiazepines, etc).

          5. Use of medication known to affect pulse pressure (Beta Blockers)

          6. Atrial Fibrillation

          7. Tattoos located on wrist
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.

Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Rapid On Site Evaluation of Pleural Touch Preparations in Diagnosing Malignant Pleural Effusion in Patients Undergoing Pleuroscopy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who will undergo pleuroscopy with biopsy

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with known malignant pleural effusion

          -  Inability or unwillingness to give informed consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department following an episode of syncope.  He was working out when he felt dizzy and passed out without head injury.  He has had 3 other episodes of light-headedness over the last year, all happening during physical activity. He never had this experience while resting. He has no other medical conditions.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  His father died suddenly at age 35.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  On physical examination, the patient has a harsh systolic murmur.  The lungs are clear with no peripheral edema. Echocardiography shows asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy.

Patient's own account: I'm 23, and I got admitted to the ER because I fainted all of a sudden. I was in the gym, working out, when all of a sudden, I just got dizzy and passed out. Hopefully, I didn't hit my head. It's not my first time having that kind of dizziness at the gym, never when I'm chilling at home tho. I don't have any special medical conditions and I'm not even smoking, drinking or doing drugs! My dad died suddenly when he was 35, so I'm kind of scared. My vitals were normal while at the ER and they did a physical exam and they told me my heart sounds abnormal. My lungs are ok, but I had to do an echography of my heart, and they told me it is bigger than average.

Clinical trial: Family Studies of Inherited Heart Disease

Eligibility criteria:
INLUSION CRITERIA

        Patients with a family history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are eligible.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 60-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of hand tremor that started few months ago.  It is most bothering when he wants to drink from a glass or pour from a bottle. He does not smoke, but drinks occasionally. He recently started consuming more alcohol as his tremor subsides somewhat when he drinks small amounts of alcohol.  Family history is significant for similar problems in his mother.  Vital signs are normal and the patient has no other medical conditions.  Neurologic examination shows bilateral tremor in the upper extremities. The diagnosis of essential tremor is confirmed.

Patient's own account: I'm only a 60 years old man but I already suffer from shaky hands. It started a few months ago, and it really bothers me when I want to pour myself a glass or even while drinking. I don't smoke, but I drink alcohol from time to time. To be honest, I've been drinking a little more lately since it helps me with the shaking. My mom had the same issue when she was my age. The doctor took my vitals, and they were normal. I don't have any other medical issues. I underwent neurological exams and it showed that I’m shaky from both sides. The doctor diagnosed me with essential tremor.

Clinical trial: A Study of T2000 in Essential Tremor

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Confirmed essential tremor by NIH criteria

          -  Significant functional activity limitation due to ET

          -  Patients who have failed, are inadequately treated or cannot tolerate alternative
             treatments for ET as well as treatment naïve patients who have considered but declined
             alternative treatment

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients adequately controlled without side effects on a current ET treatment

          -  Pregnant patients or patients who may become pregnant during the study

          -  Patients with other medical conditions that may cause tremor, such as Parkinson's
             disease or active hyperthyroidism

          -  Patients taking medications that might produce tremor or interfere with the evaluation
             of tremor such as CNS-stimulants or beta-blockers

          -  Patients who must take medications that alter liver metabolism as well as patients
             with liver disease or coagulation disorders

          -  Patients with seizure disorders

          -  Patients with a history of allergy or hypersensitivity reaction to barbiturates or
             other related medications, such as phenobarbital or phenytoin

          -  Patient with significant general medical or clinical laboratory abnormalities
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Study of the Sensitivity of Manual vs Electric Aspiration to Detect Completed Early Abortion

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  gestational sac size <12 mm or no visible sac (with positive pregnancy test) day of
             surgical abortion

          -  no medical contraindications to outpatient abortion at study site

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  not able to consent

          -  suspected ectopic pregnancy (pelvic mass, unilateral pain, or detection on
             ultrasound), suspected molar pregnancy, or no sac and vaginal bleeding suspicious for
             completed spontaneous abortion

          -  failed medication abortion
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Wide Frequency Band Test of Hearing in Veterans

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Adults with normal hearing

          -  Veteran status

          -  Age between 20 and 79 years

          -  All puretone thresholds at 25 dB HL or lower

        Adults with sensory neural hearing loss

          -  Veteran status

          -  Age between 20 and 79 years

          -  Average hearing thresholds between 26 and 55 dB HL

        Adults with middle ear disorders

          -  Veteran status

          -  Adult between 20 and 89 years

          -  Diagnosis of middle ear disorder

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Draining ear

          -  Sensory neural hearing loss greater than 55 dB HL

          -  Cerumen impaction of ear canal
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 89 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her parents for generalized rash.  The mother reports that she was playing outside wearing a skirt and felt a sharp pain in her arm while seating on a mat, plying with her doll.  Her mother suspects that something had stung her.   The patient's blood pressure is 75/55 mm Hg and her heart rate is 122/min.  Physical examination shows erythematous, raised plaques over the trunk, extremities, and face.  Lung auscultation reveals bilateral expiratory wheezes.

Patient's own account: I just brought my seven-year-old girl to the ER because she just developed a terrible rash. My little girl was playing outside and she was wearing a lovely little skirt and all of a sudden. She felt like a really sharp pain in her arm. She was sitting on a mat playing with her doll. I think that something stung her. They took her blood pressure, and it turned out to be 75 out of 55. Her heart rate was 122. Then they did a physical examination, and it showed rashes all around her trunk, extremities, and face. Her breath test revealed some high-pitched breathing.

Clinical trial: Comparison of Desloratadine Associated With Prednisolone Oral Solution Versus Dexchlorpheniramine Associated With Betamethasone for Cutaneous Rash Treatment

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Consent of the patient or legal guardian;

          -  Clinical diagnosis of acute cutaneous rash defined by the presence of erythematous
             papules on healthy skin, different sizes, itchy and fleeting

          -  Children aged between 2 and 11 years and 11 months (up to 30 kg);

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Participation in clinical trial in 30 days prior to study entry;

          -  Patients with history of hypersensitivity to desloratadine or prednisolone or with
             corticosteroids use contraindications ;

          -  Patients with any clinically significant disease other than cutaneous rash including
             hematopoietic, cardiovascular, renal, neurological, psychiatric or autoimmune
             disorders;

          -  Patients on treatment with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs);

          -  Patients diagnosed with other dermatoses
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 2 Years old.
Subject must be at most 11 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Open-Label Single Ascending Dose of Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 8 Factor IX Gene Therapy in Adults With Hemophilia B

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Males age 18-75 years, inclusive

          -  Established hemophilia B with ≥3 hemorrhages per year requiring treatment with
             exogenous FIX OR use of FIX prophylaxis because of history of frequent bleeding
             episodes

          -  Plasma FIX activity ≤2% (<1% for first cohort; then per protocol)

          -  Negative for active Hepatitis C virus (HCV), defined as Hepatitis C virus antibody
             negative and negative (undetectable) PCR test for plasma Hepatitis C virus ribonucleic
             acid (RNA) OR if Hepatitis C virus antibody positive must have ≥2 consecutive negative
             (undetectable) PCR tests for plasma HCV RNA at least 3 months apart, and negative at
             screening

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Family history of inhibitor to FIX protein or personal laboratory evidence of having
             developed inhibitors to FIX protein at any time (>0.6 Bethesda Units on any single
             test)

          -  Documented prior allergic reaction to any FIX product

          -  Detectable AAV8 neutralizing antibodies

          -  Markers of hepatic inflammation or overt or occult cirrhosis as evidenced by one or
             more of the following:

               -  Platelet count <175,000/μL

               -  Albumin ≤3.5 g/dL

               -  Total bilirubin >1.5 x ULN and direct bilirubin ≥0.5 mg/dL

               -  Alkaline phosphatase >2.0 x ULN

               -  ALT or AST >2.0 x ULN (except for subjects who are HIV infected)

               -  Liver biopsy in the past indicating moderate or severe fibrosis (Metavir staging
                  of 2 or greater)

               -  History of ascites, varices, variceal hemorrhage or hepatic encephalopathy
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction