Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: Laparoscopic Assisted Pull-through Versus Other Surgical Procedures for Treatment of Hirschsprung Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Age from 6months to 3 years.

          2. Both sexes.

          3. Classic and long segment Hirshsprung.

          4. Total a ganglionic colon.

          5. Hirshsprung disease with leveling colostomy

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Patients <6 months and >3 years.

          2. Short and Ultra-short Hirshsprung.

          3. Recurrent cases of Hirshsprung.

          4. Other contraindication of laparoscopy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Months old.
Subject must be at most 36 Months

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Eﬀects of Reparel™ Knee Sleeve on Knee Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  osteoarthritis visible on knee radiograph

          -  patient opting for non-surgical treatment

          -  no corticosteroid knee injection for 90 days prior to consent

          -  no corticosteroid knee injection for 90 days following consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  bilateral symptomatic knee osteoarthritis

          -  prior surgery on the knee of interest

          -  hardware present on the knee of interest

          -  gross instability detected on physical exam

          -  malignancy in the knee of question
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 99 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Before and After Cricopharyngeal Myotomy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux

          -  presence of Zenker's diverticulum or cricopharyngeal hypertrophy

          -  undergoing surgery for Zenker's diverticulum or cricopharyngeal hypertrophy with
             endoscopic laser cricopharyngeal myotomy

          -  at least 18 years old

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  pregnant women

          -  children

          -  prisoners

          -  adults lacking capacity to consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Prediction of Response to Intra-articular Injections of Hyaluronic Acid for Knee Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Symptomatic knee osteoarthritis presenting to physician's office

          -  Radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis

          -  Age 18 years or older

          -  Failed minimum of 3 months of non-operative treatment, including, but not limited to,
             Tylenol, anti-inflammatory medication, cortisone injection, physical therapy, bracing,
             and/or heel wedge

          -  Symptoms for at least 3 months

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Associated ligamentous instability

          -  History of deep knee infection

          -  Candidate for total knee arthroplasty or arthroscopy

          -  Peripheral neuropathy.

          -  X-rays that are completely negative and only MRI evidence or arthroscopic evidence
             (from previous arthroscopy) of OA.

          -  Prior HA injections at any point in the past

          -  Chondrocalcinosis

          -  Patients with precautions or contraindications for viscosupplementation use

          -  Cortisone injection within past 3 months
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 51-year-old man comes to the office complaining of fatigue and some sexual problems including lack of libido. The patient doesn't smoke or use any illicit drug.  Blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg and pulse is 70/min.  Oxygen saturation is 99% on room air.  BMI is 24 kg/m2.  Skin examination shows increased pigmentation. Genotype testing is consistent with homozygosity for the C282Y mutation. Laboratory study shows transferrin saturation of 55% and serum ferritin of 550 μg/L. He is diagnosed as a case of hemochromatosis.

Patient's own account: I am 51 years old and I just came back from the doctor's office. I'm sick and tired of being that exhausted, reaching the point where me and my lovely wife are not touching each other anymore! I'm not smoking or doing drugs! My blood pressure was 120/80 mm Hg, and pulse was 70/min and my oxygen saturation 99%. My BMI is 24. My skin also turned a bit darker lately. He tested my genes and told me that I have a mutation of the C282Y gene. I also did lab tests where my transferrin saturation was 55% and serum ferritin was 550  μg/L. The doctor diagnosed me with iron overload.

Clinical trial: MRI QSM Imaging for Iron Overload

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Ages 10 years or older

          -  Known or suspected iron overload.

          -  Past serum ferritin > 500

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with contraindication to MRI (e.g. pacemaker, contraindicated metallic
             implants, claustrophobia, etc)

          -  Pregnant or trying to become pregnant (as determined by self-report during MRI safety
             screening)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 10 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Power Morcellation Systems for Laparoscopic Hysterectomy and Myomectomy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  adult premenopausal women (equal or greater than 18 years old)

          -  no symptoms of menopause

          -  undergoing robotic or laparoscopic total or supracervical hysterectomies or
             myomectomies for the indication of symptomatic uterine fibroids

          -  not candidates for specimen removal via mini-laparotomy incision (as deemed by the
             study surgeon) or who have refused mini-laparotomy

          -  endometrial biopsy with no suspicion for malignancy

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  known or suspected malignancy

          -  peri- or post-menopausal women

          -  specimen that can be removed without power morcellation (e.g., vaginally or through
             laparoscopic trocars)

          -  adults unable to consent.
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the emergency department complaining of an acute vision disturbance. He had an episode of vision disturbance in the right eye that occurred suddenly and resolved spontaneously in 15 minutes. He also has right jaw pain while chewing.  He also complains of fatigue and hip muscle aches over the last several months.  The patient has a history of mild hyperlipidemia that has been controlled by diet and lifestyle modifications.  On examination, his blood pressure is 130/70 mm Hg and pulse is 66/min.  Neurological examination is unremarkable.  Visual examination is also normal. ESR is 103 mm/h. Temporal artery biopsy shows multinuclear giant cells and internal elastic membrane fragmentation.

Patient's own account: I’m a 61-year-old man and I came to the ER because I had a sudden episode where I couldn’t see out of my right eye. It only lasted about 15 minutes and went away on its own but it really scared me. I’ve also been having pain in my right jaw when I chew. For the past few months I’ve felt really tired and noticed my hips ache a lot. I have a history of mild cholesterol issues but I’ve been managing that with my diet and lifestyle. When the doctors checked me my blood pressure and pulse were normal and my vision and neurological exams didn’t show anything wrong. However they ran some tests and said my ESR levels were very high and a biopsy of my temporal artery showed some inflammation and damage.

Clinical trial: A Study of the Safety and Effectiveness of Infliximab (Remicade) in Patients With Giant Cell Arteritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who have a diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA)

          -  Patients who have a diagnosis of GCA of = 4 weeks' duration

          -  Patients who are receiving = 40 mg/day of prednisone/prednisolone Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients must not have a prior diagnosis of GCA > 4 weeks

          -  Patients must not have failed to respond to glucocorticosteroid therapy within 5 days
             of initiation of therapy.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 2-year-old boy is brought to the office by his parents due to a rash that started 1 week ago.  A similar red, itchy rash on the cheeks, trunk, and arms has occurred intermittently since infancy.  The patient has had a few upper respiratory infections but no major illnesses.  Vaccinations are up to date, and he takes no medications. He is on a balanced diet, and he is healthy in appearance.  Vital signs and milestone examination are within normal limits.  Similar findings are observed on the cheeks and proximal upper extremities.  The diaper area is clear, and no mucosal lesions are present.

Patient's own account: I just brought my two-year-old son to the doctor's office because he had a rash for like one week. His rash was on the cheeks, the trunk, and his arms. He already had this before, and it keeps coming back from time to time to time. In the past, he had some respiratory infections but he has never been this sick. His vaccinations are up to date, and he doesn't take any medication. He's healthy with a nice diet. The doctor told me his vitals and milestone examinations were normal. The doctor also said there was a rash around the cheek and the upper part of his arms. The diaper area is okay, and there are no lesions.

Clinical trial: Protopic Adherence and Efficacy in Korean Eczema Patient

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  at least 19 years of age with a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis

          -  treated with protopic 0.1% ointment

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  treated with other medication or topical agent

          -  skin lesion on the scalp or hand and foot

          -  pregnant women/lactating women
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 19 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 60-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of hand tremor that started few months ago.  It is most bothering when he wants to drink from a glass or pour from a bottle. He does not smoke, but drinks occasionally. He recently started consuming more alcohol as his tremor subsides somewhat when he drinks small amounts of alcohol.  Family history is significant for similar problems in his mother.  Vital signs are normal and the patient has no other medical conditions.  Neurologic examination shows bilateral tremor in the upper extremities. The diagnosis of essential tremor is confirmed.

Patient's own account: I'm only a 60 years old man but I already suffer from shaky hands. It started a few months ago, and it really bothers me when I want to pour myself a glass or even while drinking. I don't smoke, but I drink alcohol from time to time. To be honest, I've been drinking a little more lately since it helps me with the shaking. My mom had the same issue when she was my age. The doctor took my vitals, and they were normal. I don't have any other medical issues. I underwent neurological exams and it showed that I’m shaky from both sides. The doctor diagnosed me with essential tremor.

Clinical trial: Abnormal Movements, Cerebellum and Sensorimotor : Oculomotor Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

          -  Age ≥18 years

          -  -normal cognitive functions (>24y)

          -  Normal clinical examination of ocular mobility, visualization of the target

          -  No drug potentially able to modify and to influence the data: anti-depressants,
             neuroleptics, anti-emetics, amphetamines, anti myoclonic/dystonic drugs, alcohol,
             dopaminergic drug, antiepileptic.

          -  Dystonia or essential tremor or Parkinson: diagnostic made by a neurologist

          -  For DYT11: mutation in SGCE gene.

          -  For dystonia: No secondary dystonia

          -  For Parkinson : UPDRS<28

          -  No other neurological disorder

        For the patient having deep brain stimulation:

          -  Duration of stimulation> 6 months

          -  Cerebral imagery post operation made

          -  Stimulation parameter stable since 3 months at least.

          -  Usual stop of the stimulation during the night

        Exclusion criteria:

          -  Uncontrollable medical problems not related to M-D

          -  Current active psychiatric disorder

          -  Intake during the last 3 days of drugs potentially able to modify and to influence the
             data: anti-depressants, neuroleptics, anti-emetics, amphetamines, anti
             myoclonic/dystonic drugs, alcohol, dopaminergic drug

          -  Subjects legally protected.

          -  Subjects who are not enrolled at social security.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Impact of Head of Bed Elevation in Symptoms of Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Esophageal erosions

          -  Retrosternal pyrosis lasting ≥ 3 months

          -  Pyrosis and/or regurgitation with a frequency ≥ 3 nights per week

          -  GERD-associated sleep disturbance (insomnia, poor sleep quality) lasting ≥ 1 month

          -  GERD-associated sleep disturbance (insomnia, poor sleep quality) with a frequency ≥ 3
             nights per week

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD)

          -  Peptic ulcer

          -  History of upper gastrointestinal surgery (except for cholecystectomy)

          -  Lactating or pregnant women

          -  Nighttime shift workers (12 am to 6 am)

          -  Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

          -  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

          -  Patients with nocturnal supplementary oxygen requirement

          -  Orthopnea

          -  Restless legs syndrome

          -  Patients consuming more than 3 cups of coffee per day

          -  Patients planning to travel beyond 3 time zones during study

          -  Patients being treated with sleep medication (e.g. anxiolytics, antihistamines,
             benzodiazepines) for less than 3 months

          -  Patients being treated with sleep medication (e.g. anxiolytics, antihistamines,
             benzodiazepines), when suspension or dose modification of this drugs is being planned
             during the study course
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction