Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: A Double-blind Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Denosumab Produced by Two Different Processes in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Subject has provided informed consent prior to any study-specific
             activities/procedures

          -  Ambulatory postmenopausal women.

          -  Age 55 years or older

          -  Screening BMD value equivalent to a T-score less than or equal to -2.5 at the lumbar
             spine, total hip, or femoral neck.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Administration of osteoporosis treatments or bone active treatments within specific
             timeframes

          -  Vitamin D deficiency

          -  Diseases and conditions that affect bone metabolism (e.g., hypo/hyper-parathyroidism;
             hypo/hyperthyroidism, unless stable and well-controlled)

          -  Contraindications to denosumab therapy (e.g., hypocalcemia)
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 55 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Proton Pump Inhibitor Empirical Treatment in Management of Outpatients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Female or male, and any race, Age ≥ 18 years and≤ 65 outpatients.

          -  Gastroenterologists already prescribe PPI standard dose bid as empirical treatment.

          -  GerdQ≥8

          -  The subject will not have endoscopy within 4 weeks after enrolment.

          -  Ability to provide informed consent, adhere to the study visit schedule, and complete
             all study assessments and complete the patient diary by his/herself.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  If participating in any interventional clinical trial.

          -  Patient with alarm symptom of oncology(weight loss, recurrent dysphagia, anemia,
             hematemesis, melena).

          -  Continuous application of nonsteroidal anti-inflammation drugs or acid suppressive
             drug within 2 weeks before screening.

          -  The need for H2-receptor antagonists (H2RA) including cimetidine, ranitidine and
             famotidine or sucralfate, antacids, traditional Chinese medicine and prokinetics
             during the upcoming 4 weeks (study duration).

          -  Previous gastroesophageal surgery.

          -  Upper gastrointestinal malignancy, achalasia, and esophageal spasm or stricture.

          -  Peptic ulcer

          -  Diabetes

          -  Cerebral vascular disease

          -  Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

          -  Scleroderma

          -  Hiatus hernia women

          -  Pregnant or lactating women

          -  Any other subjects were not suitable to this study in the opinion of the investigator.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department following an episode of syncope.  He was working out when he felt dizzy and passed out without head injury.  He has had 3 other episodes of light-headedness over the last year, all happening during physical activity. He never had this experience while resting. He has no other medical conditions.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  His father died suddenly at age 35.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  On physical examination, the patient has a harsh systolic murmur.  The lungs are clear with no peripheral edema. Echocardiography shows asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy.

Patient's own account: I'm 23, and I got admitted to the ER because I fainted all of a sudden. I was in the gym, working out, when all of a sudden, I just got dizzy and passed out. Hopefully, I didn't hit my head. It's not my first time having that kind of dizziness at the gym, never when I'm chilling at home tho. I don't have any special medical conditions and I'm not even smoking, drinking or doing drugs! My dad died suddenly when he was 35, so I'm kind of scared. My vitals were normal while at the ER and they did a physical exam and they told me my heart sounds abnormal. My lungs are ok, but I had to do an echography of my heart, and they told me it is bigger than average.

Clinical trial: Efficacy of Transcatheter Ablation Using Anatomic Approach of Ganglionated Plexi Located in the Right Atrium to Prevent Neuromediated Cardioinhibitory Syncope

Eligibility criteria:
Twenty consecutive patients affected by cardioinhibitory neurocardiogenic syncope will be
        enrolled in the study.

        Inclusion criteria:

          -  age between 18 and 60 years

          -  3 syncopal episodes at least of likely CNS in the previous 2 years

          -  marked cardioinhibitory response to HUT or documented asystolic pauses at internal
             loop recorder registration [7].

        Cardioinhibition will be considered as elicitation of asystolic pause (sinus arrest or AV
        block) ≥ 3 seconds associated to syncope or ≥ 6 seconds and related presyncope.

        Exclusion criteria:

          -  documented myocardial and/or valvular abnormalities on 2D echocardiogram (ejection
             fraction lower than 50%)

          -  documented tachyarrhythmias as possible causes of symptoms

          -  channelopathies (Brugada syndrome, LQT or SQT syndrome)

          -  ventricular preexcitation

          -  symptomatic orthostatic hypotension diagnosed by standing blood pressure measurement

          -  pregnancy in women

          -  previous cardiac pacemaker implantation.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 60 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: Study of Creatine Monohydrate in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Eligibility criteria:
-  A clinical diagnosis of probable or definite lab-supported ALS, either SALS or FALS,
             according to modified El Escorial criteria.

          -  Males or females, 21 to 80 years of age.

          -  Patients receiving treatment with Rilutek® (riluzole) must be on a stable dose for at
             least 30 days immediately prior to enrollment.

          -  Women of childbearing potential must be non-lactating and surgically sterile or using
             an effective method of birth control (double barrier or oral contraception) and have a
             negative pregnancy test. Women will be considered menopausal if they have not had a
             menstrual cycle (period) for two years.

          -  Disease duration less than five years since symptom onset.

          -  At least 5 of 10 testable upper extremity muscle groups of MRC grade 4 or better.

          -  The patient must have given informed consent that has been approved by the appropriate
             Institutional Review Board (IRB).
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Intraoperative Imaging of Pulmonary Nodules by OTL38

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Adult patients over 18 years of age

          -  Patients presenting with a lung or pleural nodule or mass presumed to be resectable on
             pre- operative assessment

          -  Good operative candidate

          -  Subject capable of giving informed consent and participating in the process of
             consent.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnant women as determined by urinary or serum beta hCG within 72 hours of surgery

          -  Patients with a history of anaphylactic reactions to OTL38

          -  Patients with a known allergy to Benadryl

          -  At-risk patient populations:

               -  Homeless patients

               -  Patients with drug or alcohol dependence

               -  Children and neonates

               -  Patients unable to participate in the consent process.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: A Preliminary Clinical Study to Evaluate Fispemifene in the Treatment of Hypogonadism

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Total testosterone level <240 ng/dL

          -  Serum LH and FSH levels within normal limits

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Elevated prolactin

          -  Evidence of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

          -  History of or current breast cancer, prostate cancer, abnormal DRE or elevated PSA or
             any other malignancy

          -  Clinically significant endocrine/metabolic or cardiovascular disease

          -  Significant polycythemia
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 30-year-old man who is a computer scientist came to the clinic with the lab result stating azoospermia.  The patient is sexually active with his wife and does not use any contraception methods.  They have been trying to conceive for the past year with no success.  The patient has a past medical history of recurrent pneumonia, shortness of breath, and  persistent cough that produces large amounts of thick sputum. The patient had multiple lung infections during childhood. He does not smoke, use illicit drugs or alcohol.  The patient has no history of other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery.  On physical examination, the digits show clubbing.  An ultrasound shows bilateral absence of the vas deferens, and FEV1 was 75% on the respiratory function test.

Patient's own account: I'm a 30-year-old computer scientist. I did some lab tests that came back quite alarming, stating that I have azoospermia?! I'm sexually active with my wife and we don't use contraception. We've been trying to have a child for the past year. I have a medical history of pneumonia and shortness of breath and regular wet cough. I had several lung infections when I was a kid. That's why I'm very careful and don't smoke, do drugs, or drink. I don't have other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery. The doctor did the clubbing test on my fingers, which was positive. I also did an ultrasound and it showed that I'm missing the tubes that carry sperm around. I also had a 75% for my respiratory function test.

Clinical trial: The Effect of Inhaled N-Acetylcysteine Compared to Normal Saline on Sputum Rheology and Lung Function

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who can perform lung function tests and who can produce sputum (> 5 years of
             age)

          -  (Fe)males between 6-64 years

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients on the waiting lists for lung transplant.

          -  Pregnancy or breast feeding

          -  Patients can not take part in another 'inhalation'trial for Cystic Fibrosis
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Years old.
Subject must be at most 64 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Quantitative Muscle Ultrasound as a Marker of Progression in Children With Muscular Diseases

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Diagnosis with DMD was established
             according to DMD diagnostic criteria (Jennekens et al., 1991).

          -  children with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) according to Bohan and Peter diagnostic
             criteria ( (Bohan and Peter, 1975).

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with age less than 2 years were excluded from the study due to inability to
             perform manual muscle testing and functional scales.

          -  If no final diagnosis could be established.

          -  The presence of a concomitant illness that may result in peripheral neuropathy or
             myopathy.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.

Subject must be at least 2 Years old.
Subject must be at most 16 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Individually Tailored Web-Based Program to Improve Blood Pressure Control

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  History of hypertension

          -  At least one blood pressure value that is greater than recommended in the year prior
             to study entry

          -  An enrolled physician has provided care for managing the participant's blood pressure
             for at least 1 year prior to study entry

          -  Access to the internet at home or at work

          -  Personal email account

          -  At least one blood pressure value greater than 140/90 mm Hg (130/90 mm HG for diabetes
             patients) in the one year prior to study entry

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Unable to speak and read English

          -  Pregnant or plans to become pregnant in the year following study entry

          -  Cognitively impaired

          -  Currently incarcerated

          -  Participating in another clinical research study

          -  Planning on moving out of the area in the year following study entry
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment