Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: A Study of the Natural History of Leukocyte Chemotactic Factor 2 Amyloidosis (ALECT2) Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Males and females, age 18 years or older;

          -  Renal biopsy-proven diagnosis of ALECT2;

          -  For patients with kidney disease that could be due to ALECT2, a renal biopsy may be
             obtained to confirm ALECT2 diagnosis.

        Exclusion Criteria:

        - There are no exclusion criteria for this observational study.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Evaluating Changes in Spermatogram Following Bilateral Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair in Fertile Males

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Males ages 18-40 years, undergoing bilateral laparoscopic hernia repair, who agree to
             have a sperm test both prior to and following surgery.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  History of prostatic surgery, testicular surgery, azospermia on first spermatogram,
             single testis, patients after chemotherapy, patients receiving hormonal therapy,
             patients receiving alpha blockers for any indication, patients who are receiving or
             received oral antifungal therapy six months prior to surgery
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Misotac vs Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill in the Treatment of Symptomatic Isthmocele

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Women with a previous cesarean section

          -  who presented with postmenstrual spotting,

          -  sonohysterography had shown a isthmocele

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnancy,

          -  (suspected) malignancies,

          -  use of any hormonal contraceptives,

          -  fibroid,

          -  infection in the genital tract
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old female has prolonged oral bleeding immediately after a tooth extraction.  Despite several interventions, the bleeding persists for hours and stops only after desmopressin (DDAVP) administration.  The patient has heavy menstrual cycles each month.  She has no other medical problems and takes no medications.  Her mother and grandmother have also had excessive bleeding during menstrual period.  Review of systems is positive for mild bruising on his legs. Laboratory findings reveal a normal platelet count and an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay, as well as CB <= 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C <= 0.40 IU/mL.

Patient's own account: I'm a 23 woman and I went to the ER because of non-stop bleeding after my tooth extraction. I tried to make the bleeding stop but it just kept going for hours and it finally stopped when I took some medication called DDAVP. I usually have heavy periods, just like my mom and grandma had. I don't have any other medical condition and I don't take any other medication. The doctor noticed the bruises on my legs. I had to do some lab tests. I had a normal platelet count but an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay. I had low CB and FVIII:C levels.

Clinical trial: Safety & Effectiveness Study of AEGEA Vapor System to Treat Excessive Uterine Bleeding

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Female subject from (and including) age 30 to 50 years

          -  Self-reported history of heavy menstrual bleeding in at least 3 of the last 6 months

          -  Predictable cyclic menstrual cycles over past 6 months

          -  Excessive uterine bleeding

          -  Premenopausal at enrollment

          -  Normal PAP

          -  Normal endometrial biopsy

          -  Willing to use reliable contraception

          -  Not currently taking hormonal medication

          -  Agree to use sponsor provided catamenial product (sanitary pads/tampons)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnant

          -  Desires future childbearing

          -  Presence of an IUD

          -  Previous endometrial ablation procedure

          -  Evidence of STI

          -  Evidence of PID

          -  Active infection of genitals, vagina, cervix, uterus or urinary tract

          -  Active endometritis

          -  Active bacteremia, sepsis or other active systemic infection

          -  Gynecologic malignancy

          -  Endometrial hyperplasia

          -  Known clotting defects or bleeding disorders

          -  On anticoagulant therapy

          -  Hemoglobin <8gm/dl

          -  Prior uterine surgery

          -  Currently on medication that could thin myometrial muscle

          -  Severe dysmenorrhea, secondary to adenomyosis

          -  Abnormal uterine cavity

          -  Hydrosalpinx

          -  Uterine length <6cm or >12cm

          -  Currently in other clinical trial
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 30 Years old.
Subject must be at most 50 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: African Covid-19 Critical Care Outcomes Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  All consecutive patients at participating centres referred for high-care unit or
             intensive care unit admission who have suspected or known COVID-19

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  None
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Soft Tissue and Bone Development in Young Girls

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  healthy, female, aged 9-12 years

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  diagnosis of diabetes

          -  taking medications that alter body composition and bone mineral accrual

          -  physical disability that limits physical activity

          -  learning disability that would limit completion of questionnaires
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 9 Years old.
Subject must be at most 12 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Effects of Gonadotropin Replacement Therapy on Metabolic Parameters in Patients With Hypogonadism

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Serum testosterone concentration < 300ng/dL Absence of a pituitary or hypothalamic mass
        lesions, Presence of gonadotropin response to GnRH, -

        Exclusion Criteria:

        diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension other hormone deficiencies

        -
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 22 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 40-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of gritty sensation in her eyes. She also has difficulty swallowing dry foods with no pain or heartburn.  The patient is a schoolteacher and must drink water frequently during lectures due to her mouth dryness.  She also reports occasional joint pain.  Medical history is not significant other than the confirmed Sjogren disease with no other rheumatologic disease.  She is sexually active with her husband and has 2 children both delivered by natural vaginal delivery. She has no history of any kind of surgery. Physical examination shows conjunctival erythema and cracking of the lips. The remainder of the examination and history is normal. Her lab result shows elevated ESR (50 mm/h)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had a terrible gritty sensation in my eyes. It was also hard to swallow dry food, but it didn't burn, and there was no pain. I'm a 40-year-old female school teacher and I should drink water for the lectures because otherwise, my mouth gets really dry. I also have joint pain from time to time. I have been diagnosed with Sjogren disease but no other rheumatologic disease. I have a husband, we're sexually active, and I also have two lovely children that I delivered both naturally. I never undergone any surgery. Physical examination when I came to the clinic, and it showed cracking on my lips and a pink eye. The rest was fine. I also did some lab tests, and they came back with high ESR.

Clinical trial: Descriptive Study of Variations in Serum Translocation Markers of the Intestinal Microbiota in Patients With Gougerot-Sjögren Syndrome According to Disease Activity

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  The patient must be a member or beneficiary of a health insurance plan

          -  Patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome according to the AECG criteria

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  The subject is participating in a category I interventional study, or is in a period
             of exclusion determined by a previous study

          -  It is impossible to give the subject informed information

          -  The patient is under safeguard of justice or state guardianship

          -  Pregnant, parturient or breastfeeding patients

          -  Patients with secondary Sjögren's syndrome
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Clomid in Men With Low Testosterone With and Without Prior Treatment

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patient or eligible for care at Phoenix VA Health Care System

          -  Male ages 30-70 years

          -  testosterone level below 250 ng/dl before treatment

          -  able to provide informed written consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  evidence of pituitary tumor >1mm by MRI or CAT scan

          -  chronic illness (renal, cardiac, liver failure)

          -  Prostate specific antigen (PSA) >4.0 ng/ml

          -  history of prostate, breast, or testicular cancer

          -  eye disease compromising vision (e.g. cataracts)
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 30 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Treatment of Heavy and/or Prolonged Menstrual Bleeding Without Organic Cause

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Regular menstrual cycles with BMI (19-29 kg/m2). Heavy and/or prolonged menstrual bleeding
        involving at least last three consecutive menstrual cycles.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Postmenopausal bleeding (over one year since the last menstrual period).

          2. Irregular menses or intermenstrual bleeding.

          3. Organic causes of heavy menstrual bleeding suspected or confirmed by experienced
             abdominal and transvaginal ultrasound after thorough general and gynecological
             examination.

          4. Iatrogenic (treatment-related) causes of heavy menstrual bleeding (e.g.
             non-progestogen-releasing intrauterine contraceptive device, oral contraceptives,
             other hormonal drug use or anticoagulant agent).

          5. Iron deficiency anemia.

          6. History of chronic diseases known to interfere with menstrual bleeding or prevent the
             use of any of the listed drugs e.g previous or current thromboembolic disease.
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 25 Years old.
Subject must be at most 45 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 40-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of gritty sensation in her eyes. She also has difficulty swallowing dry foods with no pain or heartburn.  The patient is a schoolteacher and must drink water frequently during lectures due to her mouth dryness.  She also reports occasional joint pain.  Medical history is not significant other than the confirmed Sjogren disease with no other rheumatologic disease.  She is sexually active with her husband and has 2 children both delivered by natural vaginal delivery. She has no history of any kind of surgery. Physical examination shows conjunctival erythema and cracking of the lips. The remainder of the examination and history is normal. Her lab result shows elevated ESR (50 mm/h)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had a terrible gritty sensation in my eyes. It was also hard to swallow dry food, but it didn't burn, and there was no pain. I'm a 40-year-old female school teacher and I should drink water for the lectures because otherwise, my mouth gets really dry. I also have joint pain from time to time. I have been diagnosed with Sjogren disease but no other rheumatologic disease. I have a husband, we're sexually active, and I also have two lovely children that I delivered both naturally. I never undergone any surgery. Physical examination when I came to the clinic, and it showed cracking on my lips and a pink eye. The rest was fine. I also did some lab tests, and they came back with high ESR.

Clinical trial: Safety and Efficacy of VAY736 in Patients With Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Fulfilled revised American European Consensus Group criteria for pSS

          -  Seropositive at screening for anti-Ro/SSA antibodies

          -  Screening ESSDAI value >=6 scored from 7 domains: articular, cutaneous, glandular,
             lymphoadenopathy, constitutional, biologic and hematologic.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Secondary Sjogren's syndrome

          -  Use of other investigational drugs

          -  Active viral, bacterial or other infections

          -  Positive hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV or tuberculosis test results at screening
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment