Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office for routine checkup. He is complaining of chronic cough and occasional but progressive dyspnea.  Other medical conditions include hypertension and osteoarthritis.  The patient smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and does not use alcohol or illicit drugs.  He used to be a construction worker. On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of both lungs.  Chest CT scan reveals a mild bilateral pleural effusion and diffuse thickening of the pleura. The patient's documents show chronic exposure to asbestosis. The specimen of the lungs reveled  pulmonary fibrosis that is most predominant in the lower lobes, characterized  by the presence of asbestos bodies (golden-brown beaded rods with translucent centers).

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old former construction worker. I'm a man and I smoke a pack of cigs a day but I don't drink or do drugs. I went to my routine checkup because I've been coughing so much lately. I also had shortness of breath and it got worse over time. I already suffer from hypertension and osteoarthritis. My doctor found that I have decreased breath sounds. I did a chest scan and it seems that I have fluid around my lungs, and the lining of my lungs has become thicker in many areas. I have been exposed a lot to asbestos fibers. The other lung exam showed that I have pulmonary fibrosis, especially in the lower part of my lungs and they found some asbestos there.

Clinical trial: Herpesvirus in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Eligibility criteria:
For the study on lung tissue, eligible subjects were IPF patients undergoing lung
        transplant surgery and from organ donors who died from non-pulmonary causes. For the study
        in clinic, subjects were IPF patients who had no other pulmonary disease other than IPF and
        the diagnosis of IPF was confirmed by lung biopsy or by clinical and chest CT findings. The
        control group consisted of subjects without respiratory symptoms or pulmonary diseases who
        were the household partner or spouse of an enrolled IPF subject and accompanied the IPF
        patient to outpatient clinic visits.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Failure of the patient to provide informed consent.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Placebo-controlled Trial With OROS Hydromorphone Hydrochloride to Treat Patients With Moderate to Severe Pain Induced by Osteoarthritis of the Hip or the Knee

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Documented Osteoarthritis of the hip or knee

          -  Chronic pain for more than 3 months treated with daily analgesic for the last month

          -  Moderate to severe OA pain of the target joint, which cannot be adequately treated
             with non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs or paracetamol

          -  Moderate to severe pain by means of a mean weekly score of >= 5 in the Brief Pain
             Invetory item 5 'pain on average'

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Regular treatment with an opioid in the 4 weeks before screening visit (infrequent use
             of tramadol, codeine, tilidine, or dihydrocodeine for no more than 10 days in the 4
             weeks before the screening visit is acceptable, however, treatment must be stopped at
             screening visit)

          -  Diagnosis of major depression

          -  Treatment for epilepsy

          -  Corticosteroid injection within the last 3 months

          -  Major surgery in the 3 months before the start of the study

          -  Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Balloon Dilation in Selected Subjects With Refractory Eustachian Tube Dysfunction

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  has functional ventilation tube or a chronic perforation in at least one ear;

          -  history of Eustachian tube dysfunction and/or otitis media with effusion;

          -  history of middle-ear effusion at least once;

          -  otherwise healthy except for possible gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD),
             allergies, sinusitis;

          -  BMI of less than 35;

          -  no history of difficult intubation;

          -  no known family history of malignant hyperthermia.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  history of adverse reaction to any study-related medication and a suitable alternative
             is not available;

          -  current or past history of cancer;

          -  current or past history of vestibular pathology or cranial base surgery;

          -  craniofacial dysmorphology (examples: down syndrome, cleft palate);

          -  pregnancy or "at risk" and not using contraception;

          -  patulous Eustachian tube;

          -  non-patent nasal cavity;

          -  adenoids that block the Eustachian tube orifice;

          -  blood pressure greater than 140/90;

          -  had experimental drug or procedure in the previous 3 months;

          -  allergic to eggs, egg products, soy, or soy products;

          -  previously underwent balloon dilation of the Eustachian tube.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 50 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Amtolmetin Gaucil in Knee Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Informed consent form for participation in the study;

          2. KOA (based on ACR, 1987)

          3. Age between 30-60 years old

          4. Previous regular administration of NSAIDs for at least 4 weeks (at maximum therapeutic
             dose)

          5. Dyspeptic symptoms (according to SODA questionnaire)

          6. Pain intensity in the investigated knee joint ≥ 40 mm according to VAS

          7. Subjects with systolic blood pressure ≤ 140 mm Hg and diastolic BP ≤90 mmHg against
             stable antihypertensive therapy.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Contraindications to amtolmetin guacil (according to patient information leaflet)

          2. Subjects with SBP ≥140 mm Hg and DBP ≥90 mm Hg

          3. Signs of renal or hepatic failure;

          4. Pregnancy, lactation or planning for pregnancy.

          5. One of the following changes in laboratory values at screening HGB, WBC, ESR, ALT,
             AST.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Mobilization Effect on Hamstring Length

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Minimum 20% length shorting

          -  NPRS more than 3

          -  Gender include male and female

          -  Age 40-65

          -  Pain more than 3 months.

          -  Patients with mild to moderate knee OA (primary and secondary) grade 1and 2 Kellgren
             and Lawrence classification system based on plain x-rays taken in supine lying
             position. They should satisfy the American College of Rheumatology Criteria for
             clinical classification of knee OA.

        Hamstring shortness screening criteria: following tests should be positive for participants
        to enroll in this study

          -  Active knee extension test

          -  90-90 test

          -  Sit and reach test

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Co morbidities (i.e. Systematic diseases)

          -  Patient on long-term Medications i.e. corticosteroid

          -  Patient with Spinal Surgery

          -  Recent trauma

          -  Hamstring contracture.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 60-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of hand tremor that started few months ago.  It is most bothering when he wants to drink from a glass or pour from a bottle. He does not smoke, but drinks occasionally. He recently started consuming more alcohol as his tremor subsides somewhat when he drinks small amounts of alcohol.  Family history is significant for similar problems in his mother.  Vital signs are normal and the patient has no other medical conditions.  Neurologic examination shows bilateral tremor in the upper extremities. The diagnosis of essential tremor is confirmed.

Patient's own account: I'm only a 60 years old man but I already suffer from shaky hands. It started a few months ago, and it really bothers me when I want to pour myself a glass or even while drinking. I don't smoke, but I drink alcohol from time to time. To be honest, I've been drinking a little more lately since it helps me with the shaking. My mom had the same issue when she was my age. The doctor took my vitals, and they were normal. I don't have any other medical issues. I underwent neurological exams and it showed that I’m shaky from both sides. The doctor diagnosed me with essential tremor.

Clinical trial: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Treatment of Essential Tremor

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Men and women age 18 years or older

          -  Diagnosis of essential tremor as confirmed from clinical history and examination by a
             neurologist or neurosurgeon

          -  Tremor following prior first line therapy with either propranolol or primidone

          -  Must be able to undergo MRI of brain and CT of head for treatment planning

          -  Postural or intention tremor severity score of greater than or equal to 2 in one
             hand/arm as measured by the CRST rating scale

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Prior ipsilateral stereotactic radiosurgical ablation of the thalamus, ipsilateral
             deep brain stimulation, radiofrequency ablation of a ipsilateral thalamic target, or
             ultrasound ablation of an ipsilateral thalamic target

          -  Prior whole brain radiation therapy

          -  Pregnancy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: Multidisciplinary Follow-up of Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis fulfilling the El Escorial criteria (definite, probable,
        possible), primary lateral sclerosis, progressive muscular atrophy, progressive bulbar
        palsy

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Patients with other neurological diagnoses than mentioned in the inclusion criteria
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Study of Pain Catastrophizing-2 (SPAC-2)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Symptomatic knee OA

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Younger than 45 years of age or older than 85 years of age

          -  Prosthetic knee replacement or other clinically significant surgery to the arthritic
             knee

          -  Uncontrolled hypertension (>150/95)

          -  Heart disease including heart failure

          -  Peripheral neuropathy in which pain testing was contraindicated

          -  Systemic rheumatic disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus
             erythematosus, gout, and fibromyalgia

          -  Neurological diseases such as Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, stroke with loss of
             sensory or motor function, or uncontrolled seizures

          -  Significantly greater pain in body sites other than in the knee

          -  Daily opioid use

          -  Hospitalization within the preceding year for psychiatric illness

          -  Currently pregnant or nursing/breastfeeding
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: The Safety and Feasibility of Laparoscopic-assisted Gastrectomy for Advanced Gastric Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age from 18 to 75 years

          -  Primary gastric adenocarcinoma (papillary, tubular, mucinous, signet ring cell, or
             poorly differentiated) confirmed pathologically by endoscopic biopsy

          -  cT2-4aN+M0 at preoperative evaluation according to the American Joint Committee on
             Cancer (AJCC) Cancer Staging Manual Seventh Edition

          -  No distant metastasis is observed. And the spleen, pancreas or other adjacent organs
             are not involved by the tumor.

          -  Performance status of 0 or 1 on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scale (ECOG)

          -  American Society of Anesthesiology score (ASA) class I, II, or III

          -  Written informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Women during pregnancy or breast-feeding

          -  Severe mental disorder

          -  History of previous upper abdominal surgery (except laparoscopic cholecystectomy,
             previous gastrectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal
             dissection)

          -  History of previous gastrectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection or endoscopic submucosal
             dissection

          -  History of other malignant disease within past five years

          -  History of unstable angina or myocardial infarction within past six months

          -  History of cerebrovascular accident within past six months

          -  History of continuous systematic administration of corticosteroids within one month

          -  Requirement of simultaneous surgery for other disease

          -  Emergency surgery due to complication (bleeding, obstruction or perforation) caused by
             gastric cancer

          -  FEV1<50% of predicted values
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction