Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of arthralgias and nodules on her legs.  She has no fever or other skin rashes. The prior medical condition is unremarkable, and she takes no medications.  On physical examination, there is moderate hepatomegaly. The lesions on her legs are tender and present predominantly on the anterior surface of the lower extremities. She doesn't smoke and drinks alcohol occasionally. The patient has 2 male sexual partners. Vital signs are normal. Chest x-ray demonstrates enlarged hilar lymph nodes, and laboratory testing reveals an elevated ACE level. Biopsy of the skin lesion shows noncaseating granulomas that stain negative for fungi & acid-fast bacilli.

Patient's own account: I'm just a 39-year-old young woman but lately I have noticed some underlying cysts on my legs and my joints were hurting so much. I don't have a fever. I don't have rashes. My medical history is totally clean and I don't take any medication. When I went to the clinic they did a physical examination where they found that my liver is enlarged. They also found that the lesions on my legs are kind of tender and they are located on the front side of my legs. I do not smoke and I drink alcohol occasionally. I have to male sexual partners. On the day of my visit my vitals were fine. I did an X-ray of my chest and I had swollen lymph nodes. I also has a blood test and it came back with a high ACE level. I also had a biopsy of my skin lesions that came back negative for fungi and AFB.

Clinical trial: Effect of the Number of Needle Revolutions Inside the Node on the Diagnostic Yield of EBUS-TBNA in Sarcoidosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age group of 18 to 65 years

          -  Clinicoradiological suspicion of sarcoidosis where EBUS-TBNA is being planned

          -  Enlarged hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes >10 mm (any axis) on computed tomography of
             the chest

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Hypoxemia (SpO2 <92% on FiO2 of 0.3)

          -  Treatment with systemic glucocorticoids for >2 weeks in the preceding three months

          -  Diagnosis of sarcoidosis possible with another minimally invasive technique such as
             skin biopsy or peripheral lymph node biopsy

          -  Failure to provide informed consent.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with a history of nosebleeds lasting for 1 hour. She has a history of heavy menses as well as occasional gum bleeding following dental procedures. Her mother also has a history of menorrhagia. Laboratory tests reveal increased bleeding time and slightly increased partial thromboplastin time. She has no other medical conditions and is otherwise healthy. Her coagulation study shows CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL. She is not smoking or using any kind of illicit drugs. She uses alcohol occasionally and is in ra elationship with her boyfriend for the past 2 years.

Patient's own account: I had to rush to the ER because of a non-stop nosebleed that had been on for 1 hour. As a 23-year-old, I always had heavy periods, and sometimes, my gums would bleed after going to the dentist or brushing my teeth. I thought that it was not very alarming since my mom also had heavy periods. I did some lab tests that showed that I had increased bleeding time and long clotting time. Otherwise, I'm pretty healthy, and I don't smoke or take any kind of drugs. I drink only at parties from time to time. I have been with my boyfriend for the last 2 years. I did a coagulation study and I got the following results: CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL.

Clinical trial: The Assessment of Tranexamic Acid in Women With Menorrhagia Who Have Bleeding Disorders

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:Clinical diagnosis of Menorrhagia

          -  Must be able to swallow tablets

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Endometrial abnormality

          -  Pelvic infection

          -  Pregnancy

          -  Breast Feeding

          -  Requirement for birth control

          -  Known intolerance/lack of effect of tranexamic acid
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 15 Years old.
Subject must be at most 50 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old man comes to the clinic with slowly worsening vision in both eyes.  He is not able to drive at night, as the symptoms are worse at night. His pupils are normal in diameter both in the light and darkness. Other medical history is unremarkable.  Ocular examination shows loss of the red reflex and blurry vision.  Acuity testing shows 50/100 vision in both eyes with normal visual field testing. His blood pressure is 130/70 and pulse is 68/min. the other physical examinations are normal.

Patient's own account: I am a 67 years-old man, and I haven't been able to drive at night due to my vision getting worse. My vision is not the best in general, but night makes it even worse. The ophthalmologist told me that my pupils were normal. However, I have slow reflexes and blurry vision. My acuity test came back with 50/100 vision in both of my eyes. They also took my blood pressure, which was 130/70 with a 68 pulse. My other exams came back just fine.

Clinical trial: Autostereoscopic Dynamic Near Vision Testing

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Normal subjects, patients with deficient binocular vision, patients with color vision
             disorders

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  phthisis, enucleations
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 1 Year old.
Subject must be at most 95 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Effects of Closed and Open Kinetic Chain Exercises

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  the presence of knee osteoarthritis Grade 2 and Grade 3 based on Kellgren Lawrence
             Classification,

          -  volunteering to participate in the study.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  the presence of active synovitis,

          -  participation physiotherapy program in the last 6 months,

          -  systemic and cardiovascular diseases,

          -  neurological and orthopedic problems affecting walking and standing,

          -  lower extremity surgery
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Assessment of the Transfer of Using Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System (LNG IUS) as a Contraceptive to Using it as Part of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT).

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Women with intact uterus, regular menstrual cycles and no previous or current
             climacteric symptoms.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnancy or lactation.

          -  Previous pelvic infections.

          -  Abnormal bleeding.

          -  Abnormal uterine cavity.

          -  Uterine polyps.

          -  Genital cancer.

          -  Liver diseases.

          -  Alcoholism or drug abuse.
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 46 Years old.
Subject must be at most 51 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: Dietary Treatments for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease

          -  availability of cohabitating study partner without cognitive impairment

          -  consent of primary care physician

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  history of stroke

          -  history of coronary artery disease

          -  history of pancreatitis

          -  untreated hypothyroidism or B12 deficiency

          -  history of renal disease or recurrent kidney stones

          -  history of liver disease

          -  insulin-dependent diabetes

          -  body mass index <18.5

          -  multiple food allergies

          -  follow strict diet (e.g., vegetarian, gluten-free)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 60 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)- Using Ascorbic Acid and Zinc Supplementation

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Outpatients ≥ 18 years presenting to Cleveland Clinic Health System in Ohio and
             Florida who test positive for COVID-19 having any of the following symptoms

               1. Fever or chills

               2. Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

               3. Cough

               4. Fatigue

               5. Muscle or body Aches

               6. Headache

               7. New loss of taste

               8. New loss of smell

               9. Congestion or runny nose

              10. Nausea

              11. Vomiting

              12. Diarrhea

        Women of child bearing potential:

          1. have had a menstrual period within the past 30 days, or

          2. have had previous sterilization, or

          3. are perimenopausal (less than 1 year) who have a negative pregnancy test, or

          4. women of childbearing potential who do not meet the above and have a negative
             pregnancy test.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who are found to be positive during hospitalization

          -  Patients who reside outside Ohio or Florida.

          -  Pregnant women:

               1. Current known pregnancy

               2. Positive pregnancy test (women of child bearing potential who have not had
                  previous sterilization as defined as hysterectomy or tubal ligation)

          -  Women of childbearing potential who do not meet the above criteria, last menstrual
             period greater than 30 days and have a positive pregnancy test.

          -  Lactating Women

          -  End stage kidney disease

          -  Advanced liver disease awaiting transplant

          -  History of Calcium Oxalate kidney stones.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: The Impact of Medical Clowning on Pain and Stress Level in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Hernia Repair Surgery LAUGH Study.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  ages 4-10 years old

          -  undergoing elective umbilical or inguinal hernia repair surgery

          -  ASA Physical Status = 1

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  None
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 4 Years old.
Subject must be at most 10 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial of Use of Dydrogesterone in Threatened Miscarriage

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age of women from 18-40 years at the time of recruitment (not beyond 40th birthday)

          -  Absence of fever

          -  Gestation less than 12 completed weeks as defined by pelvic ultrasound

          -  Presence of intrauterine gestational sac(s) if an urine pregnancy test is first
             positive within past 2 weeks

          -  Presence of intrauterine fetus(es) with crown-rump length of <7mm and no fetal
             pulsation, or presence of intrauterine fetus(es) with positive fetal heart pulsation
             confirmed on pelvic scanning

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Age of women >40 years at the time of recruitment

          -  History of recurrent miscarriage defined as at least three consecutive spontaneous
             miscarriages

          -  History of known parental chromosomal abnormalities

          -  Heavy vaginal bleeding requiring surgical intervention

          -  Severe abdominal pain requiring surgical intervention

          -  Absence of cardiac pulsation in a fetal pole with crown-rump length of >=7mm on
             transvaginal scanning

          -  Use of hCG or progesterone treatment for threatened miscarriage prior to recruitment
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Psychological Impact of Predicting Early Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Pregnancy of Uncertain Viability

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age 18 years+

          -  Diagnosis of IPUVI on initial ultrasound

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Current mental health condition (anxiety, depression, eating disorder). The condition
             will be considered current if it has required one or more consultations with a medical
             professional (including a psychologist) over the past 6 months (women with past mental
             health condition will not be excluded)

          -  The patient is planning a termination

          -  Multiple order pregnancies

          -  Women who in the opinion of the researcher by virtue of language or learning
             impairment would be unable to give fully informed consent to the study
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment