Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department following an episode of syncope.  He was working out when he felt dizzy and passed out without head injury.  He has had 3 other episodes of light-headedness over the last year, all happening during physical activity. He never had this experience while resting. He has no other medical conditions.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  His father died suddenly at age 35.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  On physical examination, the patient has a harsh systolic murmur.  The lungs are clear with no peripheral edema. Echocardiography shows asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy.

Patient's own account: I'm 23, and I got admitted to the ER because I fainted all of a sudden. I was in the gym, working out, when all of a sudden, I just got dizzy and passed out. Hopefully, I didn't hit my head. It's not my first time having that kind of dizziness at the gym, never when I'm chilling at home tho. I don't have any special medical conditions and I'm not even smoking, drinking or doing drugs! My dad died suddenly when he was 35, so I'm kind of scared. My vitals were normal while at the ER and they did a physical exam and they told me my heart sounds abnormal. My lungs are ok, but I had to do an echography of my heart, and they told me it is bigger than average.

Clinical trial: Management of Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (SAS) in Patients With Vasovagal Syncope (VVS)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (>15 respiratory micro awakenings per hour of sleep)
             with an indication for treatment

          -  Recurring vasovagal syncope episodes defined as follows: at least three vasovagal
             syncopes during the last two years - OR- symptoms of orthostatic intolerance occurring
             in the last 6 months (Symptoms are triggered by orthostatism and can include malaises
             without loss of consciousness, asthenia, dizziness, visual disturbances, tinnitus,
             palpitations, headache, limitations of physical activity)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pathology that may explain syncope symptoms

          -  Cardiopathy

          -  Known disautonomia

          -  Hypotension of known origin

          -  Adrenal insufficiency

          -  Thyroid disorder

          -  History of sudden death in a first degree family member
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 15-week-old infant brought to the clinic for the follow up. The infant has flat facies, small ears, a single palmar crease, and upward slanting eyes. He was born on 39th week to a 39-year-old woman who didn't have prenatal care. The medical record confirms the trisomy of chromosome 21 (Down syndrome). The infant is otherwise healthy.

Patient's own account: My newborn, who is only 15 weeks old, had one of his follow-up appointments. The doctor pointed out that my baby had a flat face, small ears, only one palm line, and small eyes. He was born on his 39th week, while I was 39. What a coincidence! To be honest, I did not go to the doctor during my pregnancy. The doctor diagnosed my baby with Down syndrome. Apart from that he's healthy.

Clinical trial: Treadmill Training and Orthotic Use in Infants With Down Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Trisomy 21

          -  Able to pull to stand but not walk

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Additional developmental diagnoses

          -  Uncorrected vision or hearing impairments

          -  Previous orthotic intervention

          -  Previous treadmill intervention
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Months old.
Subject must be at most 36 Months

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 3-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her parents for assessment of her short stature. Physical examination reveals short limbs and a relatively large head. She has a flat nasal bridge and a small midface. The girl's father exhibits similar physical features; however, her mother looks normal. The genetic testing reveals an autosomal dominant point mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene consistent with achondroplasia in both father and the child. The girl has not received any treatment yet, and it is her first visit after immigration to the US. The other mental and developmental examinations are unremarkable.

Patient's own account: I just brought my little 3-year-old girl to the clinic to have her checked up by the doctor. I was worried sick because she was smaller than her classmates. The lovely doctor performed a physical exam and she told me that she has short limbs and a larger head. My girl also has a flat nasal bridge and a small midface. My baby just has the face of her father, unlike me! They performed some genetic testing on my child and my husband and found out that both my husband and her have a mutation of the FGFR3 gene, which led the doctor to diagnose them with dwarfism. My baby never received any treatment and it was our first visit to the doctor since we arrived in the US. The other tests regarding her mental and physical development were perfectly fine.

Clinical trial: Clinical Utility of Pediatric Whole Exome Sequencing

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Presenting clinical features suggestive of a genetic etiology, including intellectual
             disability, seizures, multiple congenital anomalies, metabolic conditions, and
             neurodegenerative conditions or idiopathic cerebral palsy.

          2. A minimum of one biological parent is available and willing to provide a specimen for
             WES, with a preference for two available parents. At least one parent consenting to
             WES of the child.

        4. Pediatric patients must have had at least one prior genetics appointment or evaluation
        5. Pediatric patients may have had a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array or
        oligonucleotide array that did not provide a diagnosis.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Prior WES performed for a clinical or research indication

          2. Lack of phenotypic indication of a likely underlying genetic etiology

          3. Both biological parents are unavailable.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of difficulty swallowing both liquids and solid foods, as well as occasional cough while eating.  She also has difficulty lifting her arms above her head and getting up from a chair. The weakness seems to get worse gradually. The patient has no prior medical problems and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  Physical examination shows an erythematous rash on the upper eyelids. There are some red papules over joints of her hands. The rest of the physical examination is unremarkable. Antinuclear antibodies, anti-Jo-1 antibodies and anti-MDA5 antibody are positive.  Muscle biopsy shows perifascicular inflammation and atrophy of the fascicle and surrounding blood vessels.

Patient's own account: I had to go to the clinic because of difficulty swallowing all kinds of food, liquid and solid. I also sometimes cough when I eat my dinner. At only 50 year old, I had some difficulties lifting up my arms and getting up from a chair! And it's only getting worse! I never had any medical issues in the past and I'm not under any medication, I just don't get it! My vitals were normal. The physical exam showed a red rash on my upper eyelids. I also have red papules on my hands' joints. After a blood test, they told me that my antinuclear antibodies, anti-Jo-1 antibodies, and anti-MDA5 antibodies were positive.  I also did a muscle biopsy and it showed that I had an atrophy of my blood vessels around my muscle fibers and that I have an inflammation of these.

Clinical trial: Clinical Database and Biobank of Patients With Inflammatory Myopathies: the MASC Project (Myositis, DNA, Serum, Cells) (MASC)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  All patients who had a confirmed (muscular biopsy, electromyogram, magnetic resonance
             imaging) or suspected clinically myositis. Myositis criteria are as follow:

               -  Dermatomyositis or polymyositis according to Bohan and Peter criteria (1975)

               -  Body inclusion myositis according to Griggs et al. criteria (1995)

               -  Necrotizing autoimmune myopathy according to Hoogendijk et al. criteria (2004)

               -  Drug-induced myositis

          -  Signature of the informed consent form for the study and for the biobank

          -  Age over 18 years old

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  None
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Effectiveness of Doxycycline for Treating Pleural Effusions Related to Cancer in an Outpatient Population

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Presence of symptomatic and moderate sized (>1/3 of hemithorax) MPE

          2. Persistent malignant pleural effusion that is free-flowing

          3. Symptomatic improvement after therapeutic thoracentesis

          4. Life expectancy of at least three months (duration of study follow-up)

          5. 90% radiographic apposition of parietal and visceral pleura

          6. Residence within 30 minute radius from The Ottawa Hospital

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Previous lobectomy or pneumonectomy on affected side

          2. Multiple loculations

          3. Trapped or entrapped lung

          4. Untreated pleural infection

          5. Abnormal coagulation profile (INR>1.5 and / or platelet count <50 x 10*9/L)

          6. Planned intrapleural chemotherapy (however participants may receive concomitant
             systemic chemotherapy, mediastinal radiation therapy or steroids)

          7. Life expectancy less than 3 months

          8. Multiple co-morbidities limiting out-patient management of pleural effusion

          9. Tetracycline / Doxycycline allergy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic with her roommate.  The roommate says that the patient has twice fallen asleep while they were talking.  The patient has regularly fallen asleep in the afternoon while reading or watching television but typically feels refreshed after a brief nap.  She also reveals that she sometimes hears a voice prior to falling asleep.  She also complains of some episodes of clumsiness that cause her to drop objects or fall. MSLT showed that the sleep latency was less than 8 min and that the patient enters rapid eye movement (REM) sleep almost immediately.

Patient's own account: I brought my roommate to the clinic because she kept falling asleep when we were having a conversation. We're both 25 and usually healthy girls. She usually takes a nap in the afternoon while reading or watching TV, but usually, she is quite energetic afterward. She told me that she sometimes hears a voice before falling asleep. How weird! And sometimes she's the clumsiest! She keeps dropping all her stuff. The doctor did a sleeping test and she found out that it takes her less than 8 min to fall asleep.

Clinical trial: Risk of Narcolepsy Associated With Administration of H1N1 Vaccine

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects with symptoms of narcolepsy with onset during the period between January 1st,
             2009 and December 31, 2010.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects younger than 6 months of age
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Months old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: the Efficency and Safety of Stretta in GERD

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Age > 18 years

          2. Small hiatus hernia (< 2-3 cm)

          3. Los Angeles Grade 'A' or 'B' Reflux Esophagitis or non erosive esophagitis

          4. LES pressure <15 mm Hg

          5. PPI dependent / refractory GERD

          6. abnormal 24h esophagus pH-impedance monitoring

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Age < 18 years

          2. Large hiatus hernia (> 3 cm)

          3. Los Angeles Grade 'C' or 'D' Reflux Esophagitis

          4. LES pressure > 15 mm Hg

          5. Underlying coagulation disorder

          6. Previous Esophageal or Gastric surgery

          7. Pregnant

          8. major esophagus motility disorder according to Chicago v3.0
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Stacking Exercises Aid the Decline in FVC and Sick Time

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age 6-16 years - This age range was selected as there are accepted normative pulmonary
             function data and children 6 years of age and older are generally able to reliably
             perform pulmonary function tests. Children are followed in participating centres until
             they reach 18 years of age (allowing two years of follow-up).

          -  Clinical phenotypic features consistent with DMD and confirmed by either: (1) Muscle
             biopsy showing complete dystrophin deficiency; (2) Genetic test positive for deletion
             or duplication in the dystrophin gene resulting in an 'out-of-frame' mutation; or (3)
             Dystrophin gene sequencing showing a mutation associated with DMD.

          -  FVC ≥ 30% predicted - This range of pulmonary function was selected to exclude those
             with severe restrictive respiratory impairment, who are less likely to be able to
             reliably perform pulmonary function testing over a two year period.

          -  A caregiver willing to provide the therapy

          -  Fluency in English or French

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Unable to perform pulmonary function tests and/or LVR manoeuvre

          -  Presence of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube

          -  Already using LVR and/or the Respironics in-exsufflator between and during respiratory
             infections

          -  Known susceptibility to pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum

          -  Uncontrolled asthma or other obstructive lung disease

          -  Symptomatic cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction less than 50% )
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Years old.
Subject must be at most 16 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Inhalation of KELEA Excellerated Water in Covid-19 Infected Individuals

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria: Individuals entering into quarantine because of a positive Covid-19
        test using either PCR or an authorized antigen assay. It is not necessary, but preferable,
        for the participant to be symptomatic for Covid-19 -

        Exclusion Criteria: Unwilling to do repeat PCR and/or antigen testing or to provide the
        results of the repeat testing or the requested clinical data

        -
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Comparison of Acid Reflux at Two Levels in the Esophagus Using the BRAVO Capsule

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Patients referred for upper endoscopy for any reason including those with acid reflux,
             dyspepsia, weight loss, Barrett's esophagus,suspected Helicobacter pylori infection.

          2. Patients able to provide written informed consent.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Lack of severe comorbid conditions precluding an upper endoscopy.

          2. Patients with history of esophageal or gastric cancer.

          3. Patients status post esophageal or gastric resection.

          4. Patients with esophageal varices.

          5. Patients with severe esophageal strictures.

          6. Patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

          7. Inability to provide informed written consent.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment