Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Pleurectomy/Decortication Followed by Intrathoracic/Intraperitoneal Heated Cisplatin for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Histopathologic confirmation of malignant pleural mesothelioma

          -  Patients who are able to tolerate surgical cytoreduction but unable to undergo
             extrapleural pneumonectomy due to poor cardiopulmonary reserve or tumor invasion

          -  18 years of age or older

          -  Malignancy is confined to the affected hemithorax.

          -  Grossly normal cardiac function with an EKG showing no cardiomyopathy or acute changes

          -  Evidence of adequate renal and hepatic function

          -  Karnofsky performance status of 70% or greater

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Extended disease outside the ipsilateral hemithorax as determined radiologically and
             intraoperatively

          -  Distant metastases

          -  Non-malignant systemic disease

          -  Active concomitant malignancy

          -  Psychiatric or addictive disorders which would preclude obtaining informed consent

          -  Prior treatment within the last 2 months, other than surgical resection for their
             current malignancy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Adenomyosis: Genomic Mechanisms and Biological Response

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Abnormal bleeding in the presence of Adenomyosis as demonstrated by MRI

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Other causes of abnormal bleeding such as fibroids, endometrial polyps, malignancy

          -  Presence of endometriosis
Female

Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 60 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: Study Assessing the Effects of Chemotherapy in Advanced Esophagogastric Adenocarcinoma

Eligibility criteria:
Key Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with histologically verified, unresectable or metastatic, HER2-negative,
             adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or stomach

          -  Men or women less than 80 years of age

          -  Performance status 0 or 1

          -  Life expectancy >12 weeks

          -  Adequate organ-function

          -  Written informed consent

        Key Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Prior chemotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or stomach if the
             chemotherapy-free interval is less than 6 months

          -  Progression on first-line chemotherapy for unresectable or metastatic adenocarcinoma
             of the esophagus or stomach

          -  Chemotherapy with epirubicin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin, cisplatin or docetaxel less
             than 6 months before study entry

          -  Prior cumulative dose of >300 mg/m2 of epirubicin

          -  Grade ≥ 2 side-effects from previous chemotherapy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 79 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Advanced Methods for Cancer Detection by Vaginal Screening

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Ovarian Cancer and Endometrial Cancer cases:

          1. Women age 19 or older.

          2. Histologically confirmed high grade serous cancer (had a pre-operative core biopsy) of
             ovarian/fallopian tube/peritoneal origin or histo-cytologically confirmed endometrial
             cancer, not yet treated by surgery or chemotherapy.

          3. Give consent to access primary tumour tissue following surgery or biopsy.

        Healthy participants:

        1) Healthy women between the ages of 19 and 60.

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Ovarian Cancer and Endometrial Cancer cases:

          1. Women with self-reported, known pregnancy.

             Healthy participants:

          2. Women with a prior diagnosis of gynecologic malignancy (ovarian, endometrial,
             cervical, or vulvar cancer) will be excluded.

          3. Women who report irregular bleeding (spotting between menstrual cycles, or
             post-menopausal bleeding), or who have self-reported gynecologic concerns (e.g. pelvic
             pain, pelvic masses, dyspareunia) or have had a recent evaluation for gynecologic
             concerns (consultation with a gynecologist, pelvic ultrasound, endometrial biopsy) are
             ineligible.

          4. Women with known Lynch Syndrome and/or BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutations will not be
             eligible to participate as healthy volunteers for this study.

          5. Women with self-reported, known pregnancy.
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 19 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: Sonographic Signs of Gouty Arthritis in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients: a Cross Sectional Multicenter Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  mono- or oligo-arthritis with effusion of the knee or the first metatarsophalangeal

          -  patients with a known history of gout or at high risk

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with any known chronic arthritis, comprising rheumatoid arthritis, Sjoegren's
             syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, neuropathic arthritis,
             seronegative spondyloarthropathy

          -  History of intra-articular injection in the last 3 months.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Novel Imaging of the Eustachian Tube; Patient Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Patients > 18 years old Referred to ENT clinic at Rikshospitalet for evaluation and
        treatment of OME, tympanic membrane peroration or tympanic membrane retraction Dysfunction
        of the ET is suspected by the ENT surgeon The patient is a candidate for balloon dilation
        of the ET

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Previous serious allergic reaction to iodine based contrast medium Increased risk of
        bleeding Serious heart disease Diabetes I Previous ENT-surgery (t-tubes excluded) Middle
        ear disease, which requires other type of treatment Chronic rhino sinusitis or nasal
        polyposis Pregnancy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office for routine checkup. He is complaining of chronic cough and occasional but progressive dyspnea.  Other medical conditions include hypertension and osteoarthritis.  The patient smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and does not use alcohol or illicit drugs.  He used to be a construction worker. On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of both lungs.  Chest CT scan reveals a mild bilateral pleural effusion and diffuse thickening of the pleura. The patient's documents show chronic exposure to asbestosis. The specimen of the lungs reveled  pulmonary fibrosis that is most predominant in the lower lobes, characterized  by the presence of asbestos bodies (golden-brown beaded rods with translucent centers).

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old former construction worker. I'm a man and I smoke a pack of cigs a day but I don't drink or do drugs. I went to my routine checkup because I've been coughing so much lately. I also had shortness of breath and it got worse over time. I already suffer from hypertension and osteoarthritis. My doctor found that I have decreased breath sounds. I did a chest scan and it seems that I have fluid around my lungs, and the lining of my lungs has become thicker in many areas. I have been exposed a lot to asbestos fibers. The other lung exam showed that I have pulmonary fibrosis, especially in the lower part of my lungs and they found some asbestos there.

Clinical trial: Rapid On Site Evaluation of Pleural Touch Preparations in Diagnosing Malignant Pleural Effusion in Patients Undergoing Pleuroscopy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who will undergo pleuroscopy with biopsy

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with known malignant pleural effusion

          -  Inability or unwillingness to give informed consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Steam Inhalations in COVID-19 Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Adults with a SARS-CoV-2 positive molecular swab carried out in the previous 48 hours
             before the enrollement

          -  Adults with mild infection

          -  Adults with symptoms such as fever above 37 ° C, feeling bad, cold symptoms (cough,
             pharyngodynia, nasal congestion), headache, myalgia, diarrhea, anosmia, dysgeusia

          -  Adults without the above symptoms

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Adults with dyspnea and/or dehydration and/or alterations in consciousness and/or
             sepsis.

          -  Subjects with severe asthma

          -  Subjects and with contraindications to treatment with steam inhalations

          -  Multi-allergic subjects

          -  Subjects unable to complete the protocol
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: International PMS Study - KOGENATE Bayer

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with severe haemophilia A (<2% FVIII baseline plasma levels) treated with
             KOGENATE Bayer as their only source of recombinant FVIII

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Exclusion criteria must be read in conjunction with the product information (SmPC)
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Pain Alleviation With Testosterone in Opioid-Induced Hypogonadism

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Men, age 18 years and older.

          -  Chronic non-cancer back pain.

          -  Use of opioid analgesics for at least 6 months.

          -  Serum total testosterone (measured by mass spectrometry) <348 ng/dL and/or free
             testosterone <70 pg/mL.

          -  Ability and willingness to provide informed consent.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  History of prostate cancer or breast cancer.

          -  Known history of organic hypogonadism (e.g., due to hypothalamic, pituitary or
             testicular disease).

          -  Use of testosterone within the past 6 months.

          -  Baseline hematocrit >48%.

          -  Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level >4 ng/mL in Caucasians or >3 ng/mL in
             African-Americans.

          -  Presence of prostate nodule or induration on digital rectal examination.

          -  Uncontrolled congestive heart failure.

          -  Myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, revascularization surgery or stroke
             within 3 months.

          -  Serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dL.

          -  Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level 3 times above the upper limit of normal.

          -  Diagnosis of bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.

          -  Presence of metallic implants (pacemakers, aneurysm clips, etc.) that preclude the
             patient from undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In subjects who
             are otherwise eligible and either do not qualify for MRI or are reluctant to undergo
             imaging, the investigators may consider enrolling such participants on a case-by-case
             basis.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction