Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: The Relationship Between the Residual Renal Function and Osteoporosis Treatment

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Osteoporosis patients

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  eGFR < 15
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Kidney Injury Severity and COVID-19

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Pneumonia confirmed by CT scans

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  a history of chronic renal failure;

          -  a history of kidney transplantation;

          -  intake of substances with a history of renal toxicity (no later than a month before
             inclusion);

          -  patients with a single kidney;

          -  refusal of the patient to participate in the study;

          -  absence of SARS-CoV-2 virus smear from the nasopharynx in PCR.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Sedation During Muscle Biopsy in Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients undergoing a muscle biopsy for IRB11-00203.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Three or more years after menopause

          -  Bone mineral density T-score < or = -2.0 by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of
             vertebrae or femoral neck, or by quantitative computerized tomography (QCT) of
             vertebral body trabeculae

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Cannot walk without assistance

          -  Significant heart, kidney, liver, or malignant disease

          -  Current alcohol abuse

          -  Major psychiatric disorders

          -  Other current or past disorders known to affect bone

          -  Use of medications known to affect bone for > 7 days in the past 12 months

          -  Use of bisphosphonates or fluoride

          -  Abnormal blood calcium, PTH, 25-hydroxy vitamin D, creatinine, liver function tests,
             or complete blood count

          -  Elevated calcium levels in 24-hour urine collection
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 46 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: OLGA and OLGIM Stage System for Gastric Cancer

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Control group

               -  those who were between 25 and 80 years old and did not have any evidence of
                  gastric cancer and gastric dysplasia, esophageal tumor and MALToma in upper
                  gastrointestinal endoscopy

          -  Gastric cancer group

               -  Patients diagnosed as gastric cancer in the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at
                  the time of participating in the study between 25 and 80 years old.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  history of previous gastrointestinal surgery,

          -  any other malignancy

          -  cardia cancer

          -  who do not perform endoscopic biopsy

          -  pathologically proven gastric dysplasia
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 25 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: JZ Thickness as a Predictor of Recurrent Unexplained First Trimesteric Pregnancy Loss.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Females with history of recurrent pregnancy loss

          -  for control group healthy females with history of at least one uncomplicated full
             pregnancy.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  no history of endocrinal disorders

          -  no history of immunological diseases

          -  no history of pelvic pathology

          -  no history of uterine anomalies or cervical incompetence As a cause of recurrent
             pregnancy loss
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Study of Tongue Strengthening for Swallowing Problems

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  referral by a physician for swallowing evaluation because of suspected dysphagia

          -  complaint of difficulty swallowing

          -  aspiration or penetration of the laryngeal vestibule with liquids or semisolids OR
             post-swallow residue visible in the oral cavity, valleculae, or pharynx that is
             instrumentally documented by a participating SLP during a standard clinical
             videofluoroscopic swallowing study

          -  between the ages of 21 and 95

          -  ability to perform the exercise protocol independently or with the assistance of a
             caregiver

          -  physician approval of medical stability to participate

          -  decision-making capacity to provide informed consent (confirmed through discussion
             between the participating SLP and the subject's primary physician)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  degenerative neuromuscular disease

          -  poorly controlled psychosis

          -  patient unable to complete the exercise program

          -  allergy to barium (used in videofluoroscopic swallowing assessment)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.
Subject must be at most 95 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Study Investigating a PEGylated Recombinant Factor VIII (BAX 855) for Hemophilia A (PROLONG-ATE Study)

Eligibility criteria:
Main Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Participant and/or legal representative has/have voluntarily provided signed informed
             consent

          -  Participant is 12 to 65 years old at the time of screening

          -  Participant is male with severe hemophilia A (Factor VIII (FVIII) clotting activity <
             1%) as confirmed by central laboratory at screening after the appropriate washout
             period or a documented FVIII clotting activity <1%

          -  Participant has been previously treated with plasma-derived FVIII concentrates or
             recombinant FVIII for ≥150 documented exposure days (EDs)

          -  Participant is currently receiving prophylaxis or on-demand therapy with FVIII

          -  Participant is willing and able to comply with the requirements of the protocol

        Main Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Participant has detectable FVIII inhibitory antibodies (≥ 0.6 Bethesda Units (BU)
             using the Nijmegen modification of the Bethesda assay) as confirmed by central
             laboratory at screening

          -  Participant has history of FVIII inhibitory antibodies (≥ 0.4 BU using the Nijmegen
             modification of the Bethesda assay or ≥ 0.6 BU using the Bethesda assay) at any time
             prior to screening

          -  Participant has been diagnosed with an inherited or acquired hemostatic defect other
             than hemophilia A (eg, qualitative platelet defect or von Willebrand's disease).
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 12 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Transcriptomic Profile of Endometrium in Different Histological Dating of Hormone Replacement Cycle

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  The inclusion criteria for RIF group were: unexplained repeated implantation failure
             (RIF) is defined as the absence of a gestational sac on ultrasound at 5 or more weeks
             after embryo transfer (ET) after 3 embryo transfers with high quality embryos or after
             the transfer of ≥10 embryos in multiple transfers.

        The inclusion criteria for control group were: (1) age <35 years; (2) unregular menstrual
        cycles of >37 days; (3) baseline follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) < 9.0 IU/L; (4)
        endometrial thickness ≥7.0 mm on the day of hCG administration.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  The exclusion criteria were: (1) uterine abnormalities (double uterus, bicornuate
             uterus, unicornuate uterus); (2) intrauterine adhesions（moderate - severe）,
             endometriosis, adenomyosis, untreated hydrosalpinx, uterine fibroids (submucosal
             fibroids, nonmucosal fibroids >4.0 cm and/or endometrial pressure) (3) history of
             adverse pregnancy (including spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and fetal
             malformation).
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old female has prolonged oral bleeding immediately after a tooth extraction.  Despite several interventions, the bleeding persists for hours and stops only after desmopressin (DDAVP) administration.  The patient has heavy menstrual cycles each month.  She has no other medical problems and takes no medications.  Her mother and grandmother have also had excessive bleeding during menstrual period.  Review of systems is positive for mild bruising on his legs. Laboratory findings reveal a normal platelet count and an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay, as well as CB <= 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C <= 0.40 IU/mL.

Patient's own account: I'm a 23 woman and I went to the ER because of non-stop bleeding after my tooth extraction. I tried to make the bleeding stop but it just kept going for hours and it finally stopped when I took some medication called DDAVP. I usually have heavy periods, just like my mom and grandma had. I don't have any other medical condition and I don't take any other medication. The doctor noticed the bruises on my legs. I had to do some lab tests. I had a normal platelet count but an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay. I had low CB and FVIII:C levels.

Clinical trial: Survey on Patient Satisfaction Rate for Mirena Use in Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Women diagnosed with Idiopathic Menorrhagia and Mirena inserted for a period no longer
             than three months according to the assessment of the investigator and according to the
             international and national guidelines. These women should also accept to be on
             contraception during the time period that they have Mirena in situ

          -  Body Mass Index = 18-30

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  One or more of the following disorders: Current or recurrent pelvic inflammatory
             disease; infection of the lower genital tract; postpartum endometritis; septic
             abortion during the past three months; cervicitis; cervical dysplasia; uterine or
             cervical malignancy; undiagnosed abnormal uterine bleeding; congenital or acquired
             abnormality of the uterus including fibroids if they distort the uterine cavity;
             conditions associated with increased susceptibility to infections; acute liver disease
             or liver tumor; known hypersensitivity to any of the constituents of the product

          -  Nulliparity

          -  Consumption of Iron, Antiprostaglandins, hormonal drugs and any medication that could
             effect bleeding should be stopped at least 3 months before the first visit and should
             not be used during the course of the study.

          -  History of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and thyroid abnormalities

          -  Anticoagulation therapy

          -  Cancer history including breast cancer
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 30 Years old.
Subject must be at most 49 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction