Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: The Cardiovascular Genetic and Therapeutic Implications of Muscular Dystrophy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  All patients with the diagnosis of muscular dystrophy.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients that do not carry the diagnosis of muscular dystrophy.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 1 Month old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 57-year-old man comes to the emergency department due to constipation.  His last bowel movement was 2 days ago. He complains of spending about 30 minutes once attempting to defecate. He also has lower back pain.  There is no history of trauma. The pain is not relieved with over-the-counter pain medications.  His vital signs are within normal limits.  Examination shows low back pain that is worse with back flexion and raising of the legs; it radiates into his left leg.  Pinprick in the perianal area does not cause rapid contraction of the anal sphincter.  The rest of the neurologic examination is normal. He is suspected of Cauda Equina syndrome and referred to a spinal MRI.

Patient's own account: I'm a 57 year-old-man, and I had to go to the ER because I couldn't go defecate. My last trip to the toilet was 2 days ago, and I tried too many times, during 30 min, to get my poop to get out. I also have terrible lower back pain. The doctor did not notice any trauma. I tried to get the pain away using over-the-counter medications, but it simply did not work! Back in the ER my vitals were normal. My pain was even more intense with back flexion, and when I raised my legs, it radiated into my left leg. The doctor did an anus exam where he had to pinch it and it was not reacting! However the rest of my neurologic exam was normal. The doctor suspects a Cauda Equina syndrome and referred me to a spinal MRI.

Clinical trial: Characteristics of Back Pain Attendances at ED

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who have attended Darlington Memorial Hospital between 01-08-2016 and
             31-07-2017

          -  Aged 16 or over

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Below the age of 16
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: A Comparison of Effectiveness of Oral Sucrolfate, Alginate and Hydrotalcide in Dispeptic Pain Treatment

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Stomach pain, swelling or dispeptic complaints.

          -  Men and women between the ages of 18-60.

          -  Patients with VAS> 5.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnancy and lactation.

          -  Sucralfate, alginate, hydrotalcite allergy.

          -  Emergency service arrives with acute psychiatric symptoms.

          -  Gastrointestinal system bleedings.

          -  Chronic renal failure, liver cirrhosis, structural and functional heart disease.

          -  Gastric malignancy and terminal illness.

          -  Patients suspected of having a different problem such as ileus, biliary colic,

          -  pancreatitis, hepatitis.

          -  Patients who refuse to participate in the study.

          -  Those who can not use VAS.

          -  Presence of ischemic findings on the arrival ECG.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 60 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Extended Half Life Factor (EHF) Products For Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Hemophilia Carriers

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Females of reproductive age who experience monthly menstrual bleedings

          -  Female Hemophilia A or B carrier (heterozygote, lyonized or Turner's Syndrome)

          -  FVIII or FIX activity ≤60% at time of the study

          -  Baseline Pictorial Bleeding Assessment Chart >150 mean at time of recruitment

          -  Negative pregnancy test at time of enrollment

          -  Both female and her male partner have agreed to use an acceptable barrier method of
             birth control (e.g., diaphragm, cervical cap, male condom, female condom, and
             spermicidal foam, sponges, and film) throughout the duration of this study (for
             sexually active participants)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Has not reached menarche

          -  Menopause: natural or induced by surgical/medical treatment

          -  Pregnant or breasfeeding

          -  Female or her male partner refuses to use barrier method of birth control (for
             sexually active)

          -  Current use of any of the following contraceptives (copper IUD, oral combined,
             Progestin-only including but not limited to: Provera, Aygestin, Nexplanon, Implanon,
             Depo Provera, Mirena IUD)

          -  VWF:Ag or VWF:RCo <40%

          -  Diagnosis of a qualitative platelet disorder

          -  Personal history of thrombosis or superficial thrombosis

          -  First degree relative with a history of thrombosis

          -  Personal history of concomitant bleeding or clotting disorder

          -  Cigarette smoker

          -  Willing to avoid taking an anti-fibrinolytic agent (amicar, transexamic acid, lysteda)
             during the trial
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 14 Years old.
Subject must be at most 55 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: Endoscopic Unroofing for Small Gastric SETs

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

        -) subjects with small gastric subepithelial tumors who underwent endoscopic unroofing

        Exclusion criteria:

        -) none
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Arthroscopic Treatment of Resistant Cases of Patellofemoral Pain

Eligibility criteria:
1. Inclusion criteria:

               1. Age between 18 to 50

               2. Ant. Knee pain

               3. Resistant cases to medical and physiotherapy after 6 months.

               4. Intact tibiofemoral joints or early O.A , and intact meniscus, cruciate
                  ligaments, and Collateral ligaments.

          2. Exclusion criteria:

               1. Old Age >50 or < 18

               2. Combined cases with severe tibiofemoral OA (either deformity or malignment).

               3. Combined injury to (collateral ligaments, meniscus, cruciate ligament)

               4. Cases with tibial torsion

               5. Malalignment that necessitate correction.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 50 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old female has prolonged oral bleeding immediately after a tooth extraction.  Despite several interventions, the bleeding persists for hours and stops only after desmopressin (DDAVP) administration.  The patient has heavy menstrual cycles each month.  She has no other medical problems and takes no medications.  Her mother and grandmother have also had excessive bleeding during menstrual period.  Review of systems is positive for mild bruising on his legs. Laboratory findings reveal a normal platelet count and an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay, as well as CB <= 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C <= 0.40 IU/mL.

Patient's own account: I'm a 23 woman and I went to the ER because of non-stop bleeding after my tooth extraction. I tried to make the bleeding stop but it just kept going for hours and it finally stopped when I took some medication called DDAVP. I usually have heavy periods, just like my mom and grandma had. I don't have any other medical condition and I don't take any other medication. The doctor noticed the bruises on my legs. I had to do some lab tests. I had a normal platelet count but an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay. I had low CB and FVIII:C levels.

Clinical trial: Local Flurbiprofen to Treat Pain Following Wisdom Tooth Extraction

Eligibility criteria:
Patients of either sex requiring removal of two impacted mandibular third molars (partial
        bony or soft tissue impaction).

        16 years of age of older.

        Indicates willingness to undergo oral surgery with local anesthesia and intravenous
        midazolam only.

        Willing to return for the removal of the remaining maxillary third molars at a second
        appointment.

        Patients with a history of allergy to flurbiprofen, aspirin, or any NSAID will be excluded.

        Those with a history of aspirin or NSAID-induced asthma will be excluded.

        Females of childbearing potential who are not practicing adequate contraception will be
        excluded.

        Pregnant or nursing females will be excluded.

        Patients with recent history or present signs of renal, hepatic, endocrine, pulmonary,
        cardiac, gastrointestinal, neurologic, or cerebral function impairment will be excluded.

        Those with psychiatric disorders will be excluded.

        Patients who have taken an investigational drug within 30 days of this study will be
        excluded.

        Those who have taken another analgesic, steroid, opioid, or NSAID within 24 hours prior to
        the study will be excluded.

        Those with an absence of bilateral local anesthesia during surgery as evidenced by
        anesthesia or paresthesia of the lower lip postoperatively will be excluded.

        Patients who use drugs which will interact with NSAID such as aspirin, warfarin,
        probenecid, methotrexate, lithium and diuretics will be excluded.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Covid-19 Triage Using Camera-based AI

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. The patient is attending for triage presenting with symptoms of an infection.

          2. Subject has provided informed consent

          3. Age ≥18 years

          4. Fluent in Swedish (reading, writing, conversational)

          5. Mental state is such that he or she is able to understand and give informed consent to
             participation in the study by signing the Information and Consent Form

          6. The investigator determines that the new method, and the reference methods, can be
             used as intended with adequate reliability and safety

          7. The time for investigations in this study is estimated to approximately 15-20 minutes.
             Vital signs will be handed over to the care provider responsible for the further
             management of the patient saving approximately 5-10 minutes of their time. Hence, the
             delay in the management of each patient introduced by this study is approximately 10
             minutes. Patients deemed being in such a severe medical condition on arrival, that 10
             minutes of delay is deemed detrimental will not be included.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Depressed level of consciousness from inclusion up until all investigations are
             completed (during approximately 15-20 minutes).

          2. Patient request to be withdrawn from the study.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: Phase II Exploratory Clinical Study of KUX-1151

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Japanese HU patients (Outpatient)

          -  Patients who meet the following criteria concerning serum uric acid levels at the
             screening [1) Gout: > 7.0 mg/dL, 2) HU with complications: ≥ 8.0 mg/dL, 3) HU without
             complications: ≥ 9.0 mg/dL]

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who have any symptom of gouty arthritis within 2 weeks of investigational
             product administration
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 64 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Assessment of the Risk of Inhibitor Formation in Previously Treated Patients With Severe Hemophilia A

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects with severe hemophilia A (< 2% FVIII:C)

          -  Subjects with no history of FVIII inhibitor antibody formation

          -  Subjects with no measurable inhibitor activity

          -  Subjects with at least 200 EDs with FVIII concentrate in total, including 20 EDs in
             the previous 6 months

          -  Subjects whose current treatment with any CHO rFVIII product

          -  Subjects with no elective surgery and/or continuous infusion FVIII administration is
             foreseen during the study

          -  Subjects with normal prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
             compatible with FVIII deficiency

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects with any other bleeding disease beside hemophilia A (i,e., von Willebrand's
             disease)

          -  Subjects who have known intolerance or allergic reactions to constituents of rFVIII-FS
             or known hypersensitivity to mouse or hamster proteins

          -  Any individual with a past history of severe reaction(s) to FVIII concentrates

          -  Subjects on treatment with immunomodulatory agents within the last 3 months prior to
             study entry

          -  Subjects who were receiving or had received other experimental drugs within 3 months
             prior to study entry

          -  Subjects who require any medication for FVIII infusions
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 12 Years old.
Subject must be at most 60 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction