Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: Biomarker Study to Diagnose Alzheimer's Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Signed and dated written informed consent obtained from the subject or the subject's
             legally acceptable representative ( if applicable) in accordance with the local
             regularities.

          2. Both male and female, aged > 50 and <90, if women, must have no childbearing potential

          3. Controls did not have subjective memory complaints or any of 28 diseases and did not
             have a history suggestive of a decrease in cognitive function (stroke or transient
             ischemic attack, seizures, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy,
             Huntington's disease, encephalitis, meningitis, brain surgery, vascular surgery of the
             brain, diabetes requiring insulin control, improperly managed hypertension, cancer
             diagnosed within the past 3 years excluding skin cancer, shortness of breath while
             sitting still, use of home oxygen, heart attack with changes in memory, walking, or
             solving problems lasting at least 24 hours afterwards, kidney dialysis, liver disease,
             hospitalization for mental or emotional problems in the past 5 years, current use of
             medications for mental or emotional problems, alcohol consumption greater than 3
             drinks each day, drug abuse in the past 5 years, treatment for alcohol abuse in the
             past 5 years, unconsciousness for more than one hour other than during surgery,
             overnight hospitalization due to head injury, illness causing a permanent decrease in
             memory or other mental functions, trouble with vision that prevents reading ordinary
             print even with glasses, or difficulty understanding conversations because of hearing
             even with a hearing aid)

          4. The controls also had scores that were at least one standard deviation above the mean
             scores of the respective age- and education-matched population on the K-MMSE and an
             average score of 0.42 or less on the Korean Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
             (K-IADL)

        Exclusion Criteria:

        -
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment