Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: Effects of Barley Green in Patients With Hyperuricemia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Age 18-65 years old those who are willing to accept assessment and sign informed consent.

        Under the normal purine diet, two fasting blood uric acid levels on different days:
        420umol/l <blood uric acid <540 umol/l (male), 360 umol/l <blood uric acid <540 umol/l
        (female)

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Patients currently receiving treatment for hyperuricemia； Suffering from diseases that
        affect the digestion and absorption(such as chronic diarrhea, constipation, severe
        gastrointestinal inflammation, active gastrointestinal ulcers, after gastrointestinal
        resection, cholecystitis/cholecystectomy, etc.)； Suffering from cardiovascular and
        cerebrovascular diseases, grade 3 hypertension, chronic hepatitis, malignant tumors,
        anemia, mental illness and memory disorders, epilepsy and other diseases; At the same time
        receive other functional food nutrition support (plant active substances, health food);
        Patients with abnormal liver function (alanine aminotransferase or/and aspartate
        aminotransferase exceeds 3 times the upper limit of normal value); patients with abnormal
        renal function (serum creatinine exceeds the upper limit of normal value)； Suffering from
        infectious diseases such as active tuberculosis and AIDS; People who are severely allergic
        to the ingredients of research； During pregnancy or lactation; Patients with physical
        disabilities and clinicians think it is not suitable to participate in the study (for
        example, suffering from serious diseases not included in the discharge criteria)； Gouty
        arthritis attack ≥ 2 times; One episode of gouty arthritis with blood uric acid >480
        umol/l, or any of the following: age <40 years old, evidence of gout stone or urate
        deposition in the joint cavity, uric acid nephrolithiasis or renal impairment
        (GFR≤89ml/(min·1.73m2)), hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes,
        dyslipidemia, obesity, coronary heart disease, stroke, cardiac insufficiency; Blood uric
        acid>480 umol/l combined with any of the following: uric acid nephrolithiasis or renal
        impairment (GFR≤89ml/(min·1.73m2)), hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes,
        dyslipidemia, obesity, Coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction