Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Secondary Fracture Prevention in Patients Who Suffered From Osteoporotic Fracture

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Adults over 18 years old

          -  Patients diagnosed with low energy osteoporotic hip fracture, and was treated under
             surgery.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients not diagnosed with osteoporosis.

          -  Patients diagnosed with high energy osteoporotic hip fracture.

          -  Patients that suffered from Multiple Trauma.

          -  Patients diagnosed with Metabolic diseases or Genetic diseases.

          -  Pregnant women
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Validation, Reliability and Pilot Test of the Personalized Exercise Questionnaire (PEQ)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. The participant is able and willing to provide informed consent

          2. The participant is male or female, 18+

          3. The participant has received a diagnosis, from a physician, of primary osteopenia or
             osteoporosis (T < - 1.0)

          4. The participant can read and write English

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. The participant has been diagnosed with secondary osteopenia or osteoporosis

          2. The participant has a history of smoking, alcoholism, gastrointestinal disease,
             hypercalciuria and/or steroid use.

          3. The participant is diagnosed with a reading disability or dyslexia

          4. The participant has a cognitive impairment of some severity as to adversely affect the
             validity of the data
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Ursodiol on Insulin Sensitivity, Gastric Emptying and Body Weight With Type 2 Diabetes on Metformin

Eligibility criteria:
Overweight or Obese subjects with BMI> 25 Kg/m2 with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus on Metformin,
        receiving standard of care for Type 2 DM. Otherwise individuals who are not currently on
        treatment for cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, hematological,
        neurological, endocrine (other than T2DM) and unstable psychiatric disease.

        Men or women. Women of childbearing potential will have a negative pregnancy test before
        initiation of medication.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old female has prolonged oral bleeding immediately after a tooth extraction.  Despite several interventions, the bleeding persists for hours and stops only after desmopressin (DDAVP) administration.  The patient has heavy menstrual cycles each month.  She has no other medical problems and takes no medications.  Her mother and grandmother have also had excessive bleeding during menstrual period.  Review of systems is positive for mild bruising on his legs. Laboratory findings reveal a normal platelet count and an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay, as well as CB <= 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C <= 0.40 IU/mL.

Patient's own account: I'm a 23 woman and I went to the ER because of non-stop bleeding after my tooth extraction. I tried to make the bleeding stop but it just kept going for hours and it finally stopped when I took some medication called DDAVP. I usually have heavy periods, just like my mom and grandma had. I don't have any other medical condition and I don't take any other medication. The doctor noticed the bruises on my legs. I had to do some lab tests. I had a normal platelet count but an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay. I had low CB and FVIII:C levels.

Clinical trial: The Rate of Space Closure With Piezocision-based Corticotomy in Different Facial Types: A Split-mouth Design

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Young adults and adults (15-29).

          -  Middleastern Caucasian.

          -  Females.

          -  Having the defined orthodontic appliance, slot size, prescription, and technique of
             space closure.

          -  Class II division I of moderate space requirement that is planned to have the first
             premolar extracted.

          -  Average or high facial type.

          -  Healthy patients without systematic diseases that could affect bone and tooth movement
             and no contraindication (medical or psychological) to avoid oral surgery.

          -  No active periodontal diseases as this effect the cytokines expression (stabilized
             prostaglandin (PG) health)

          -  Good oral hygiene.

          -  No other method of non-surgical acceleration technique to be used.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who refused to consent for the study.

          -  The two extremes of age (younger than 14 and older than 29).

          -  Having other than the defined orthodontic appliance, slot size, prescription, and
             technique of space closure.

          -  Extraction cases of high space requirements or other teeth than the first premolar.

          -  Patients with systematic diseases that could affect bone and tooth movement and no
             contraindication (medical or psychological) avoid oral surgery.

          -  Active periodontal diseases.

          -  Other methods of non-surgical acceleration technique to be used.
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 15 Years old.
Subject must be at most 29 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Study of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Frequency in Sexual Maturation and in the Menstrual Cycle

Eligibility criteria:
PROTOCOL ENTRY CRITERIA:

        --Disease Characteristics--

          -  Suspected or proven hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal dysfunction, i.e.: Significant
             short stature and possible hypopituitarism Delayed adolescence Precocious puberty
             Isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD)Primary hypogonadism

          -  Women are also studied, including those with the following disorders: Infertility
             Oligo- or amenorrhea Hirsutism

        --Patient Characteristics--

          -  Age: 7 to 16 (18 to 35 for women and volunteers)

          -  Other: No pregnant or nursing women No prisoners Not in neuropsychiatric institute or
             other facility for mental illness
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 7 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT)

Eligibility criteria:
40 years and above, both genders, who have clinical and radiographic osteoarthritis
        symptomatic for at least six months.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: A Prospective Study Comparing Telescopic vs. Balloon Dissection in Single Incision Laparoscopic Inguinal Herniorraphy (SILTELESCOPIC)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        - all patients referred with inguinal/femoral hernias

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  • workers Compensation cases

               -  previous extraperitoneal intervention

               -  unfit for a general anaesthetic

               -  strangulated hernias
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.
Subject must be at most 86 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Endometrial Scratching by Pipelle on Pregnancy Rate in Unexplained Infertility

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria 1. Women diagnosed to have unexplained infertility aged between 20-35y.

        2. Regular menstruation with the length of the cycle between 21-35 days. 3. Ovulation
        confirmed by appropriately timed mid-luteal progesterone. 4. Fertile semen variables
        (according to world health organization criteria 2010).

        5. Bilateral tubal patency (demonstrated by laparoscopy or hystrosalpingography).

        Exclusion Criteria: 1- Patients aged less than 20 y. or more than 35y 2- Infertile semen
        analysis. 3- Abnormal hormonal profile (FSH level more than 10). 4- Patient diagnosed as
        polycystic ovary (PCO). 5- Medical disorders as hypertention,liver and renal diseases. 6-
        Endocrinal disorders as hyperthyroidism,hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus.

        7- Pelvic pathology as PID or uterine fibroids. 8- No previous history or planning for IVF.
        9- Unwilling to comply with the protocol. 10- Participation in another clinical trial in
        the last 3 months prior to the start of this study.

        -
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Study of the Analytical Performance of Different Salivary Self-collection Methods for the Detection of COVID-19

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  To be at least 18 years of age

          -  To come at hospital for SARS-CoV-2 screening

          -  To be able to receive a nasopharyngeal swab

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  People under 18 years of age

          -  Inpatient in intensive care

          -  Pregnant or breastfeeding woman

          -  Individual with dry syndrome (Gougerot-Sjögren syndrome)

          -  Taking treatments that reduce salivary volume (anticholinergic activity)

          -  People with a COVID-19 diagnosis confirmed by a molecular biology method >7 days ago

          -  Contraindication to oral swabbing
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 33-year-old woman comes to clinic complaining of progressive fatigue, decreased appetite, and 11-lb weight loss in the past 2 months.  She uses levothyroxine because of the previously diagnosed Hashimoto disease. She has no other medical conditions and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Physical examination shows a generalized increase in pigmentation of the skin.  Measurement of serum cortisol before and after administration of exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) shows no difference in the levels. Stable glucocorticoid replacement therapy starts for her with the diagnosis for primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I was really suffering from fatigue and decreased appetite and I also lost 11 pounds over the past two months. I'm just 33 years old so that's not normal, especially for a woman. I take levothyroxine because I have been diagnosed with Hashimoto disease. I don't have any other medical condition, and I don't smoke I don't drink, and I don't do drugs. They also did my physical examination and they saw that I had an increase in pigmentation of my skin. They measured my cortisol level before and after giving me some ACTH hormone, and the results came back with no difference whatsoever. The doctor told me I have Addison disease and put me under glucocorticoid therapy.

Clinical trial: The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis as an Effector System in Weight Regulation

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects with complete adrenal failure as defined as spontaneous serum cortisol of
             levels less than 5 g/dl after 12 hours without glucocorticoid replacement and peak
             serum cortisol of < 5 g/dl 60 minutes after a 250 g ACTH stimulation test.

          -  Subjects who are at their usual weight (weight stable for at least 1 year)

          -  Subjects on stable replacement doses of any required hormone such as thyroid, sex
             hormones, mineralocorticoid replacement, growth hormone, and hydrocortisone for at
             least 6 months, and 4) have a normal body weight (BMI 19-27 kg/m2).

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Possible confounders on body weight and insulin resistance

          -  Age less than 18 to exclude those who might be experiencing alterations in cortisol
             production or weight as a result of adolescent growth.

          -  Subjects who exercise > 30 minutes/day, 3 times a week.

          -  Smokers.

          -  Heavy alcohol drinkers (> 2 drinks/ day).

          -  Subjects with medical diagnosis including diabetes, heart disease, and cancer.

          -  Subjects with psychiatric illness (i.e., depression, psychosis, bipolar,
             schizophrenia; or are taking medications for these disorders).
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction