Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Efficiency and Safety of Pleural Biopsy Methods in the Diagnosis of Pleural Diseases

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with pleural diseases

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with other lung diseases
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic with her roommate.  The roommate says that the patient has twice fallen asleep while they were talking.  The patient has regularly fallen asleep in the afternoon while reading or watching television but typically feels refreshed after a brief nap.  She also reveals that she sometimes hears a voice prior to falling asleep.  She also complains of some episodes of clumsiness that cause her to drop objects or fall. MSLT showed that the sleep latency was less than 8 min and that the patient enters rapid eye movement (REM) sleep almost immediately.

Patient's own account: I brought my roommate to the clinic because she kept falling asleep when we were having a conversation. We're both 25 and usually healthy girls. She usually takes a nap in the afternoon while reading or watching TV, but usually, she is quite energetic afterward. She told me that she sometimes hears a voice before falling asleep. How weird! And sometimes she's the clumsiest! She keeps dropping all her stuff. The doctor did a sleeping test and she found out that it takes her less than 8 min to fall asleep.

Clinical trial: A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of TS-091 in Patients With Narcolepsy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Patients diagnosed with narcolepsy type 1 or type 2 based on the International
             Classification of Sleep Disorders, third edition (ICSD-3) criteria

          2. Patients aged ≥16 to <65 years at the time of obtaining informed consent

          3. Outpatients

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Patients with sleep disorders other than narcolepsy (e.g., sleep apnea syndrome,
             periodic limb movement disorder)

          2. Patients with organic brain diseases (including neurodegenerative diseases or
             cerebrovascular disorders) or epilepsy

          3. Patients with obstructive respiratory diseases (bronchial asthma, emphysema)

          4. Patients with psychiatric disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, bipolar
             disorder, schizophrenia)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.
Subject must be at most 64 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: EuRopean Study of MAjor Infectious Disease Syndromes Related to COVID-19

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Clinical suspicion of a new episode of acute respiratory tract infection.

          2. Patient is admitted to hospital

          3. Primary reason for hospital admission is clinical suspicion of a new episode of ARI

          4. Onset of the following symptoms within the last 7 days: i. Sudden onset of
             self-reported fever OR temperature of ≥ 38°C at presentation AND ii. At least one
             respiratory symptom (cough, sore throat, runny or congested nose, dyspnea) AND iii. At
             least one systemic symptom (headache, muscle ache, sweats or chills or tiredness)

        OR

        Laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of eligibility check.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Inability to obtain consent from patient or surrogate

          2. Previous enrollment in current study
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office for routine checkup. He is complaining of chronic cough and occasional but progressive dyspnea.  Other medical conditions include hypertension and osteoarthritis.  The patient smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and does not use alcohol or illicit drugs.  He used to be a construction worker. On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of both lungs.  Chest CT scan reveals a mild bilateral pleural effusion and diffuse thickening of the pleura. The patient's documents show chronic exposure to asbestosis. The specimen of the lungs reveled  pulmonary fibrosis that is most predominant in the lower lobes, characterized  by the presence of asbestos bodies (golden-brown beaded rods with translucent centers).

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old former construction worker. I'm a man and I smoke a pack of cigs a day but I don't drink or do drugs. I went to my routine checkup because I've been coughing so much lately. I also had shortness of breath and it got worse over time. I already suffer from hypertension and osteoarthritis. My doctor found that I have decreased breath sounds. I did a chest scan and it seems that I have fluid around my lungs, and the lining of my lungs has become thicker in many areas. I have been exposed a lot to asbestos fibers. The other lung exam showed that I have pulmonary fibrosis, especially in the lower part of my lungs and they found some asbestos there.

Clinical trial: Effects of Bronchodilators in Mild Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  diagnosis of mild COPD OR healthy control subjects

          -  40-80 years old

          -  able to perform all study procedures

          -  Smoking history > 10 pack years (for mild COPD) or smoking history < 10 pack years
             (for healthy control subjects)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  allergy to atrovent

          -  history of asthma, atopy or nasal polyps

          -  Oxygen desaturation < 80 % during exercise

          -  recent history of CAD (under a year) or any significant diseases that could contribute
             to dyspnea or exercise limitation
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: The Effects of a Prostaglandin Inhibitor on Ovulation and the Menstrual Cycle

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age 18-35

          -  Normal menstrual periods (24-35 days)

          -  Good general health

          -  Willing to use a non-hormonal form of contraception for the entire study (Acceptable
             forms of contraception include condoms, spermicide, sexual contact with a sterilized
             partner, subject is surgically sterile, same-sex partner, Copper IUD and abstinence)

          -  Willing and able to return to clinic for bi-weekly blood tests

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnant or breast feeding

          -  Polycystic ovarian disease

          -  Gastrointestinal conditions (i.e.gastric ulcer)

          -  Currently using birth control

          -  Known allergy to aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) or
             Sulfa-drugs

          -  Diabetes

          -  Cardiac disease or hypertension

          -  Moderate to severe heartburn (GERD)

          -  Obesity (BMI greater than 30)
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Efficacy Evaluation of Furosap, a Testosterone Booster Supplement in Human Volunteers : An add-on Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Agrees to written as well as audio-visual informed consent.

          2. Ability to understand the risks/benefits of the protocol

          3. Male between 35-65 years of age.

          4. Diagnosed with Symptomatic hypogonadism

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Uncooperative Subjects

          2. Impaired hepatic function indicated by SGOT/SGPT >2.5 times the upper limit of normal.

          3. Abnormal liver or kidney function tests (ALT or AST > 2 times the upper limit of
             normal; elevated creatinine, males > 125 µmol/L or 1.4mg/dl, females > 110 µmol/L
             or1.2mg/dl)

          4. Patients suffering from CAD

          5. History of malignancy

          6. History of hypersensitivity to any of the investigational drugs

          7. Receiving any other testosterone booster therapy/medication/supplement within the last
             2 months

          8. History of coagulopathies

          9. High alcohol intake (>2 standard drinks per day)

         10. History of psychiatric disorder that may impair the ability of subjects to provide
             written informed consent.

         11. Any medical condition, where the investigator feels participation in the study could
             be detrimental to the subjects overall well-being.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 35 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Post-market Study to Capture Information Regarding Performance of Lyric2

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Aged 18-90 years at the time of enrollment in the study

          -  Mild to moderately-severe hearing loss bilaterally, or unilaterally if normal hearing
             in other ear

          -  Fluent in English

          -  Willingness to comply with all study requirements

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Scuba dives or sky dives

          -  Underwater swimming or dives into the water

          -  Handicaps that would restrict participation in all the evaluations

          -  Hearing loss of neural or central origin

          -  Unrealistic expectations regarding benefits and limitations inherent in the devices

          -  Chemotherapy within the last six months

          -  Compromised immune system

          -  Radiation to head or neck

          -  Perforated tympanic membrane

          -  History of cholesteatoma

          -  Active outer or middle ear pathology

          -  High levels of anticoagulant therapy

          -  Insulin-dependent and/or uncontrolled diabetes

          -  Contact dermatitis

          -  Bleeding disorder

          -  Unwillingness or inability to comply with all study requirements
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Validation/Dissemination Of A Temporal Bone Dissection Simulator

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Enrolled in residency for ear, nose and throat training or medical student interested
             in ear, nose and throat training.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Not enrolled in ENT training program or interest in ENT training.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Survivin and Fibulin-3 in Benign and Malignant Respiratory Diseases

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  any patients with Benign or Malignant Respiratory Diseases and agree to included in
             the study

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with renal failure, hepatic failure, severe cardiopulmonary compromise,
             coagulopathy or hemodynamically unstable were excluded
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 35 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Helping Hypertension Patients to Interpret Blood Pressure Readings and Motivate Blood Pressure Control

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosed with hypertension

          -  Proficient in English

        Exclusion Criteria:

        -
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment