Patient case (clinical description): A 41-year-old woman comes to the dermatology clinic complaining of facial redness, especially on her forehead and cheeks. She noticed that the redness gets worse in the summer and after sun exposure. She is otherwise healthy. On physical examination, she has multiple papules and pustules present on her forehead, cheeks, and nose on a background of erythema and telangiectasias. There are no other lesions or nodules. The patient is married and has 2 children who are 5 and 9 years old. She has IUD and doesn't wish to have more kids. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. Her vital signs are normal, and BMI is 21.

Patient's own account: I'm 41, married with 2 lovely kids who are 5 and 9 years old. I have an IUD and I don't want to have more kids. I don't smoke or drink alcohol. I had to go to the dermatology clinic because I had terrible redness on my face, especially on my forehead and cheeks. It got worse in the summer and after being under the sun. I'm usually healthy. They conducted a physical exam and they found several lesions and pustules on my forehead, cheeks and nose and they also found some signs of erythema and telangiectasia. My vitals were normal, and my BMI is 21.

Clinical trial: Bioequivalence Study of Ivermectin Cream 1% in Treatment of Moderate to Severe Facial Rosacea

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Healthy male or non-pregnant female aged ≥ 18 years with a clinical diagnosis of
             facial papulopustular rosacea.

          2. Subjects must have provided IRB approved written informed consent.

          3. Subjects must have at least 15 and not more than 50 inflammatory facial lesions (i.e.,
             papules/pustules) at screening and baseline visits. For the purposes of study
             treatment and evaluation, these lesions should be limited to the facial treatment area
             including those present on the nose. Lesions involving the eyes, and scalp will be
             excluded from the count.

          4. Subjects must have no more than 2 nodulocystic lesions on the face at Screening and
             Baseline visits.

          5. Subjects must have a definite clinical diagnosis of facial papulopustular rosacea
             severity grade 3 or 4 as per the Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) (per Table 1
             below) at screening and baseline visits.

          6. Subjects must have persistent erythema on the face with moderate (2) score or higher
             (per table 2 below) at screening and baseline visits.

          7. Subjects must have a mild (1) to moderate (2) score for telangiectasia on the face.
             (per table 3 below) at screening and baseline visits.

          8. 8. Subjects must be willing to minimize external factors that might trigger rosacea
             flare-ups (e.g., spicy foods, thermally hot foods and drinks, hot environments,
             prolonged sun exposure, strong winds and alcoholic beverages)

          9. Subjects must be willing to refrain from using all other topical medications for
             rosacea during the 12-week treatment period, other than the investigational product.

         10. Female Subjects of childbearing potential (excluding women who are or premenarchal,
             surgically sterilized (by hysterectomy) or postmenopausal for at least 1 year prior to
             screening), in addition to having a negative urine pregnancy test, must be willing to
             use an acceptable form of birth control during the study from the day of the first
             dose administration to 30 days after the last administration of study drug. For the
             purpose of this study the following are considered acceptable methods of birth
             control: oral or injectable contraceptives, contraceptive patches, Depo-Provera®
             (stabilized for at least 3 months prior to screening), NuvaRing® (vaginal
             contraceptive), Implanon™ (contraceptive implant), double-barrier methods (e.g. condom
             and spermicide), IUD, or abstinence with a 2nd acceptable method of birth control
             should the Subject become sexually active. Subjects on hormonal contraception must be
             stabilized on the same type for at least three months prior to screening and must not
             change the method during the study. A sterile sexual partner is NOT considered an
             adequate form of birth control.

         11. All male Subjects must agree to use accepted methods of birth control with their
             partners, from the day of the first dose administration to 30 days after the last
             administration of study drug. Abstinence is an acceptable method of birth control.
             Female partners should use an acceptable method of birth control as described in the
             above Item Number 10.

         12. Subjects who use make-up must have used the same brands/types of make-up for a minimum
             period of 14 days prior to screening and must agree to not change make-up brand/type
             or frequency of use throughout the study.

         13. Subjects must be willing and able to understand and comply with the requirements of
             the protocol, including attendance at the required study visits.

         14. Subjects must be in good health and free from any clinically significant disease,
             including but not limited to, conditions that may interfere with the evaluation of
             facial rosacea. Such conditions include but are not limited to the following:
             autoimmune disease; acne vulgaris on the face; seborrheic dermatitis on the face;
             perioral dermatitis; corticosteroid-induced acne; carcinoid syndrome; mastocytosis;
             acneiform eruptions caused by make-up, medication, facial psoriasis and facial eczema.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Female Subjects who are pregnant, nursing or planning to become pregnant during study
             participation.

          2. Subjects with a history of hypersensitivity or allergy to ivermectin, propylene glycol
             and/or any of the study medication ingredients and its excipients.

          3. Subjects with the presence of other forms of rosacea (rosacea conglobata, rosacea
             fulminans, isolated rhinophyma, isolated pustulosis of the chin) or other dermatoses
             that may be confounded with papulopustular rosacea, such as peri-oral dermatitis,
             facial keratosis pilaris, seborrheic dermatitis and acne.

          4. Subjects with excessive facial hair (e.g. beards, sideburns, moustaches, etc.) that
             would interfere with diagnosis or assessment of facial rosacea.

          5. Subjects with moderate or severe rhinophyma, dense telangiectases (score 3, severe),
             or plaque-like facial edema.

          6. Subjects with a severe irritation (score 3 = severe (marked/intense)) for dryness,
             pruritus, or stinging/burning.

          7. Subjects with ocular rosacea (e.g., conjunctivitis, blepharitis, or keratitis) of
             sufficient severity to require topical or systemic antibiotics.

          8. Subjects who currently have or have recently had bacterial folliculitis on the face.

          9. Subjects who have unstable medical disorders that are clinically significant or have
             lifethreatening diseases. Subjects who have clinically significant abnormal laboratory
             values according to the investigator at screening.

         10. Subjects who had within 14 days prior to screening:

               1. wax depilation of the face

               2. cosmetic procedures (e.g., facials) which may affect assessment of facial rosacea

               3. exposure to excessive UV radiation or the subject is planning exposure during the
                  study (e.g. occupational exposure to the sun, planned holidays in the sun during
                  the study, phototherapy, tanning salon),

               4. used a sauna.

         11. Subjects who have used any of the following procedures on the face within 1 month
             prior to screening:

               1. cryodestruction or chemodestruction,

               2. dermabrasion,

               3. photodynamic therapy,

               4. acne surgery,

               5. intralesional steroids, or

               6. X-ray therapy.

         12. Subjects who have used any of the following topical treatments on the face within 1
             month prior to screening:

               1. retinoids

               2. benzoyl peroxide

               3. immunomodulators

               4. antibiotics (e.g., metronidazole and macrolides)

               5. corticosteroids

               6. other topical rosacea treatment (e.g., azelaic acid, metronidazole) or topical
                  erythema treatment (e.g. brimonidine)

         13. Subjects who have used any of the following systemic treatments within 1 month prior
             to screening:

               1. corticosteroids,

               2. systemic antibiotics known to have an impact on the severity of facial rosacea
                  (e.g., containing tetracycline and its derivatives, erythromycin and its
                  derivatives, sulfamethoxazole, or trimethoprim),

               3. other systemic treatments that affect erythema: alpha-blockers (e.g.,
                  mirtazapine), beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol), alpha 2 agonist (e.g.,
                  clonidine), or

               4. other systemic treatment for rosacea.

         14. Subjects who have used any of the following topical treatments within 6 weeks prior to
             screening:

               1. corticosteroids,

               2. antibiotics for rosacea,

               3. medications for rosacea (e.g., azelaic acid, metronidazole),

               4. over-the-counter preparations for rosacea, or

               5. anti-inflammatory agents. Note: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
                  and aspirin use on an as needed basis and if not used consecutively for > 14 days
                  prior to screening and/or during the study is acceptable. Note: Low dose (81 mg)
                  aspirin taken daily is acceptable.

         15. Subjects who have used or changed their use of estrogens or oral contraceptives within
             the 3 months prior to screening.

         16. Subjects who have received radiation therapy and/or anti-neoplastic agents within 3
             months prior to screening.

         17. Subjects who have used within 6 months prior to screening antiandrogens such as
             Spironolactone, oral retinoids (e.g. Accutane®), or therapeutic vitamin A supplements
             of greater than 10,000 units/day (multivitamins are allowed).

         18. Subjects who have had laser therapy (for telangiectasia or other conditions),
             electrodessication and phototherapy (e.g., ClearLight®) to the facial area within 6
             months prior to study entry (Visit 1 Screening Visit).

         19. Subjects who engage in activities that involve excessive or prolonged exposure to
             sunlight or weather extremes, such as wind or cold.

         20. Subjects who consume excessive amounts of alcohol (greater than two drinks per day) or
             use drugs of abuse (including, but not limited to, cannabinoids, cocaine and
             barbiturates).

         21. Subjects who have participated in an investigational drug study (i.e., Subjects have
             been treated with an investigational drug) within 30 days prior to screening will be
             excluded from study participation. Subjects who are participating in non-treatment
             studies such as observational studies or registry studies can be considered for
             inclusion.

         22. Subjects who have been previously enrolled in this study.

         23. Subjects who live in the same household with subjects currently enrolled in this
             trial.

         24. Subjects who have a history of being unresponsive to topical ivermectin therapy.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment