Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: Treatment of Severe Alzheimer's Disease: Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Galantamine Hydrobromide in a Controlled Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosis of Alzheimer's type dementia, rated as severe

          -  progressive worsening of memory and other cognitive functions

          -  brain imaging (CTor MRI scan) within last 3 years

          -  ability to be mobile (aided or unaided) with sufficient vision and hearing to comply
             with testing.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Dementia caused by cerebrovascular disease

          -  disturbances of consciousness, delirium, psychosis

          -  severe aphasia

          -  or major sensorimotor impairment

          -  cognitive impairment due to acute cerebral trauma, hypoxic cerebral damage, vitamin
             deficiency, infections, primary of metastatic cerebral neoplasia, endocrine or
             metabolic disease or mental retardation, pregnant or nursing women or those without
             adequate contraception.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: Diagnostic Value of DECT Scan Compared to Diagnostic Needle Aspiration

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age > 18 years

          -  Mono or oligo arthritis (2-3 swollen joints)

          -  Indication for diagnostic aspiration of an inflamed joint in which gout is one of the
             possibilities

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Polyarthritis ( up to 4 swollen joint);

          -  Chrystal proven gout in history

          -  Patient is on uric acid lowering therapy (Allopurinol, Benzbromaron, Febuxostat)

          -  Hip arthritis*

          -  Metal or prosthesis of the inflamed joint

          -  Highly suspicion of infectious arthritis

          -  Pregnancy

          -  Contra indication of joint aspiration (skin infection, hemophilia)

          -  No informed consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: An Investigational Drug in Patients With Osteoarthritis (0663-073)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee who use current approved medication
             (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)) or tylenol to treat the symptoms of
             their osteoarthritis. Patients taking NSAIDs are required to discontinue using these
             drugs and their symptoms must become worse.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with certain medical conditions may not be allowed to participate. These
             conditions will be reviewed with the study physician.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery In Hirschsprung Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Clinical diagnosis of Hirschsprung Disease

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  with other disease

          -  receive emergency surgery

          -  need to do the ostomy

          -  full colonic Hirschsprung Disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 14 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office for routine checkup. He is complaining of chronic cough and occasional but progressive dyspnea.  Other medical conditions include hypertension and osteoarthritis.  The patient smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and does not use alcohol or illicit drugs.  He used to be a construction worker. On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of both lungs.  Chest CT scan reveals a mild bilateral pleural effusion and diffuse thickening of the pleura. The patient's documents show chronic exposure to asbestosis. The specimen of the lungs reveled  pulmonary fibrosis that is most predominant in the lower lobes, characterized  by the presence of asbestos bodies (golden-brown beaded rods with translucent centers).

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old former construction worker. I'm a man and I smoke a pack of cigs a day but I don't drink or do drugs. I went to my routine checkup because I've been coughing so much lately. I also had shortness of breath and it got worse over time. I already suffer from hypertension and osteoarthritis. My doctor found that I have decreased breath sounds. I did a chest scan and it seems that I have fluid around my lungs, and the lining of my lungs has become thicker in many areas. I have been exposed a lot to asbestos fibers. The other lung exam showed that I have pulmonary fibrosis, especially in the lower part of my lungs and they found some asbestos there.

Clinical trial: Microaspiration in Pulmonary Fibrosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosis of IPF

          -  Ability ot provide informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  History of fundoplication or other gastroesophageal surgery

          -  Too ill to undergo bronchoscopy in the opinion of the investigator
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Intrapleural Fibrinolytic Therapy to Enhance Chemical Pleurodesis Enhance Chemical Pleurodesis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Age > 18 years

          2. Symptomatic pleural effusion requiring intervention

          3. Expected survival > 3 months

          4. Written informed consent to trial participation

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Females who are pregnant or lactating

          2. Inability to obtain consent from the patient or patient's designated representative.

          3. Inability of the patient to comply with the protocol.

          4. Previously documented adverse reaction to talc or cathflo activase.

          5. Oral or intravenous steroid therapy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: Transcranial Static Magnetic Field Stimulation (tSMS) in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  age between 18 and 75 years

          -  diagnosis of ALS according to revised El Escorial criteria and Awaji-Shima criteria

          -  disease duration < 24 months

          -  ALSFRS-R > 30 at the recruitment

          -  ALSFRS-R decline > 1 in the at least 3-months period before the intervention

          -  normal respiratory functionality (FVC > 80% and ALSFRS-R items 10,11,12 > 4) at the
             recruitment

          -  treatment with riluzole 50 mg x 2/die

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  inclusion in other clinical trials

          -  presence of tracheotomy or/and PEG (percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy)

          -  contraindications to magnetic fields exposure

          -  pregnancy or breast-feeding

          -  history of epilepsy or seizures

          -  assumption of drugs acting on central nervous system, except for antidepressive drugs
             and benzodiazepines.

          -  cognitive impairment

          -  lack of informed consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Register of Patients With haEmophilia A tReated With Afstyla®

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Have given their agreement to take part in the observational registry after being
             informed in writing of the purposes of the study and after their data have been
             recorded (parent's agreement for minor patients);

          -  Be suffering from haemophilia A and being treated or having been treated with Afstyla®
             long term prophylactically, on demand or preventatively for a surgical procedure;

          -  Absence of inhibitor and/or treatment for immune tolerance at the time of inclusion

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Refusal of the patient or the patient's legal representative to take part in the
             study;

          -  Existence of a contraindication to the use of Afstyla® treatment (known
             hypersensitivity to FVIII or hamster proteins);

          -  Simultaneous participation in an interventional clinical study.

          -  Presence of an inhibitor and/or ongoing immune tolerance.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: Creation of a Bank of Fibroblast From Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Pilot Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  patients over 18 years old

          -  ALS sporadic or familial or unknown

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  known cutaneous disease not allowing the biopsy

          -  platelets less than 10 000/m3

          -  suspected or known xylocain allergy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Investigating the Impact of Obesity on Pubertal Development in Girls

Eligibility criteria:
-  INCLUSION CRITERIA:

          -  Girls without a chronic medical condition

          -  Normal weight (BMI 5th-85th%) or overweight/obese (BMI > 85th%)

          -  8-14 years old

          -  Some breast development

          -  Pre-menarchal

        EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

          -  Treated with medications that may affect reproductive hormones (e.g. birth control
             pills).

          -  Pregnancy

        During the study, the PI s discretion may be used to determine final eligibility. The PI s
        discretion may be used at any point in the study (pre-screening, clinical/lab assessments,
        etc.) to ensure participants are not subjected to unnecessary procedures or visits.
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 8 Years old.
Subject must be at most 14 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 30-year-old man who is a computer scientist came to the clinic with the lab result stating azoospermia.  The patient is sexually active with his wife and does not use any contraception methods.  They have been trying to conceive for the past year with no success.  The patient has a past medical history of recurrent pneumonia, shortness of breath, and  persistent cough that produces large amounts of thick sputum. The patient had multiple lung infections during childhood. He does not smoke, use illicit drugs or alcohol.  The patient has no history of other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery.  On physical examination, the digits show clubbing.  An ultrasound shows bilateral absence of the vas deferens, and FEV1 was 75% on the respiratory function test.

Patient's own account: I'm a 30-year-old computer scientist. I did some lab tests that came back quite alarming, stating that I have azoospermia?! I'm sexually active with my wife and we don't use contraception. We've been trying to have a child for the past year. I have a medical history of pneumonia and shortness of breath and regular wet cough. I had several lung infections when I was a kid. That's why I'm very careful and don't smoke, do drugs, or drink. I don't have other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery. The doctor did the clubbing test on my fingers, which was positive. I also did an ultrasound and it showed that I'm missing the tubes that carry sperm around. I also had a 75% for my respiratory function test.

Clinical trial: Within-Breath Total Respiratory Input Impedance in Healthy Adult Subjects

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects ≥ 18 years of age.

          -  Signature of the written informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Subjects will be excluded if they meet at least one of the following conditions:

          -  Abnormal spirometry defined as FEV1, FEV1/VC and VC below the LLN as established by
             the Global Lung function (GLI) 2012 reference equations.

          -  Smokers or ex-smokers

          -  BMI >30 kg/cm2

          -  History of respiratory symptoms using the ECRHS II screening questionnaire
             (www.ecrhs.org)

               -  Wheezing

               -  Cough

               -  Phlegm production

               -  Dyspnea

               -  Feeling of chest tightness

               -  Night awakening due to a cough attack

          -  Have a history of pulmonary or cardiac disease

          -  Had a recent (e.g., in the last 4 weeks) respiratory tract infection

          -  Have a neurological or neuromuscular disorder
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction