Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Effects of Wearing Progressive Addition Lens on Working Distance and Refractive Status in Adult Computer Users

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Hong Kong Chinese

          -  Computer users (computer usage >2hours/day)

          -  Spherical-equivalent refractive errors between plano and -9.00D and cylindrical power
             ≤2.50D

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Anyone with visual acuity worse than 0 logMAR, anisometropia more than 2.00D, abnormal
             accommodative function, wearing rigid contact lens, and a history of ocular surgery
             and pathology
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 57-year-old man comes to the emergency department due to constipation.  His last bowel movement was 2 days ago. He complains of spending about 30 minutes once attempting to defecate. He also has lower back pain.  There is no history of trauma. The pain is not relieved with over-the-counter pain medications.  His vital signs are within normal limits.  Examination shows low back pain that is worse with back flexion and raising of the legs; it radiates into his left leg.  Pinprick in the perianal area does not cause rapid contraction of the anal sphincter.  The rest of the neurologic examination is normal. He is suspected of Cauda Equina syndrome and referred to a spinal MRI.

Patient's own account: I'm a 57 year-old-man, and I had to go to the ER because I couldn't go defecate. My last trip to the toilet was 2 days ago, and I tried too many times, during 30 min, to get my poop to get out. I also have terrible lower back pain. The doctor did not notice any trauma. I tried to get the pain away using over-the-counter medications, but it simply did not work! Back in the ER my vitals were normal. My pain was even more intense with back flexion, and when I raised my legs, it radiated into my left leg. The doctor did an anus exam where he had to pinch it and it was not reacting! However the rest of my neurologic exam was normal. The doctor suspects a Cauda Equina syndrome and referred me to a spinal MRI.

Clinical trial: BLB Study Back or Leg Pain and Bladder Symptoms Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Ability to give informed consent

          2. Able to complete online or paper questionnaire.

          3. Patients admitted to the regional neurosurgical unit, Western General Hospital,
             Edinburgh with suspected cauda equina syndrome for an MRI scan. Demographic data from
             all patients attending any NHS Lothian site who have an MRI scan for suspected CES.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Age less than 16

          2. Inability to communicate (e.g. do not speak English)

          3. Inability to complete written or oral surveys or give informed consent

          4. Age over 100. The upper age limit is set at 100 to allow the greatest number of
             participants the opportunity to take part. As the study is a follow up study concerns
             about mortality and high drop out in this age group led to the upper limit of 100
             being set.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Effects of Internet / Web-based Exercises on the Population With Knee Arthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Aged 45 years and onward.

          -  Clinical diagnosis of knee arthritis with complaints of knee pain for 3-6 months,
             early morning stiffness <30 minutes, crepitus, bony tenderness, and no palpable warmth
             and radiographically established osteoarthritis (at least score 1 on K/L scale)

          -  Able to read and write English

          -  Able to use/access computer or tablet and have access to internet

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Inability to give informed consent - (capacity levels are already established under
             General practitioner care)

          -  Terminal or mental illness

          -  Neurological conditions, inflammatory joint diseases including rheumatoid arthritis,
             gout or calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD), and dementia

          -  Patients with sleep apnea

          -  Acute soft tissue injury to the knee within last 3 months before recruiting

          -  Unstable heart condition or rapid fluctuations in hypertension
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Dietary Advice on Prescription in Kungsbacka

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  BMI 28-35

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Severe Insulin Resistance in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age 25-75 years old

          -  BMI between 25 and 42

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe diseases
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 25 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Evaluation of a Combination of Plant Extracts (BSL_EP028) on Joint Mobility

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Healthy men and women that have joint discomfort (WOMAC score >20)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Consumption of pharmacological treatments on an ongoing basis that may affect joint
             mobility (chondroprotectors, corticoids and/or interarticular therapy or
             infiltrations).

          -  Having undergone surgery for osteoarthritis and/or having a diagnosis of degenerative
             osteoarthritis made by a rheumatologist/traumatologist

          -  Consuming nutritional supplements containing antioxidant substances

          -  Consumption of analgesics and/or anti-inflammatory drugs on a continuous and/or
             scheduled basis and will continue to do so during the study, even if they do not have
             pain.

          -  Being unable to perform the physical tests required in the study.

          -  Have an allergy to some component of the study product.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 55 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Investigation Of Factors Affecting Hand Functions in Nonambulatory Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Having a Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy diagnosis by a practicing physician,

          -  Between the ages of 8-16 years,

          -  Having lost ambulation ability,

          -  Brooke Upper Extremity Functional Classification (1-5)

          -  To have motivation and co-operation with physiotherapist for evaluations to be made

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  To maintain the capacity of independent ambulance,

          -  Having cooperative disorder or serious mental disorder,

          -  Any spinal and / or upper extremity injuries and / or surgery in the last 6 months,

          -  Having any systemic disease other than DMD,

          -  Not volunteering to participate in the study
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 8 Years old.
Subject must be at most 16 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Heart Rate Variability in Individuals With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Individuals diagnosed with DMD confirmed by molecular method and / or by protein
             expression of skeletal muscle.

          -  Individuals undergoing clinical follow-up at the outpatient clinic for neuromuscular
             diseases at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP)

          -  Individuals who had authorization from their parents or guardians to participate in
             the study

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with cardiac arrhythmias.

          -  Patients with atrioventricular block.

          -  Patients with congenital anomalies such as congenital heart defects, pulmonary
             deformity.

          -  Patients using drugs that interfere with ANS, such as antiarrhythmic agents and drugs
             for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, such as insulin.
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 11 Years old.
Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with a history of nosebleeds lasting for 1 hour. She has a history of heavy menses as well as occasional gum bleeding following dental procedures. Her mother also has a history of menorrhagia. Laboratory tests reveal increased bleeding time and slightly increased partial thromboplastin time. She has no other medical conditions and is otherwise healthy. Her coagulation study shows CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL. She is not smoking or using any kind of illicit drugs. She uses alcohol occasionally and is in ra elationship with her boyfriend for the past 2 years.

Patient's own account: I had to rush to the ER because of a non-stop nosebleed that had been on for 1 hour. As a 23-year-old, I always had heavy periods, and sometimes, my gums would bleed after going to the dentist or brushing my teeth. I thought that it was not very alarming since my mom also had heavy periods. I did some lab tests that showed that I had increased bleeding time and long clotting time. Otherwise, I'm pretty healthy, and I don't smoke or take any kind of drugs. I drink only at parties from time to time. I have been with my boyfriend for the last 2 years. I did a coagulation study and I got the following results: CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL.

Clinical trial: Subcutaneous Recombinant Human Hyaluronidase: Workflow Analysis and Emergency Department Design

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Triaged as stage 3 or more (less acute)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Triaged as stage 2 or less (more acute), AND arriving for purposes of
             forensic/criminal evaluations
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System and Adenomyosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  adenomyosis

          -  request for contraception

          -  resident in the nearby vicinity to make the follow-up easy and feasible

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  history of ectopic pregnancy

          -  puerperal sepsis

          -  pelvic inflammatory disease

          -  evidence of coagulopathy

          -  abnormalities of the uterine cavity
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 45 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment