Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Transcriptomic Profile of Endometrium in Different Histological Dating of Hormone Replacement Cycle

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  The inclusion criteria for RIF group were: unexplained repeated implantation failure
             (RIF) is defined as the absence of a gestational sac on ultrasound at 5 or more weeks
             after embryo transfer (ET) after 3 embryo transfers with high quality embryos or after
             the transfer of ≥10 embryos in multiple transfers.

        The inclusion criteria for control group were: (1) age <35 years; (2) unregular menstrual
        cycles of >37 days; (3) baseline follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) < 9.0 IU/L; (4)
        endometrial thickness ≥7.0 mm on the day of hCG administration.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  The exclusion criteria were: (1) uterine abnormalities (double uterus, bicornuate
             uterus, unicornuate uterus); (2) intrauterine adhesions（moderate - severe）,
             endometriosis, adenomyosis, untreated hydrosalpinx, uterine fibroids (submucosal
             fibroids, nonmucosal fibroids >4.0 cm and/or endometrial pressure) (3) history of
             adverse pregnancy (including spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, and fetal
             malformation).
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Comparison of Self-Fixating vs Non-Fixating Hernia Mesh

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  > 18 years

          -  ASA Classification I, II, III

          -  scheduled for elective TEP inguinal hernia repair

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  ASA Classification IV or greater

          -  needing emergency surgery

          -  known history of narcotic dependence

          -  undergoing bilateral inguinal or combined umbilical hernia repair

          -  undergoing other procedures during same anesthetic

          -  undergoing recurrent inguinal hernia repair
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: A New Formulation of Intravenous Paracetamol for Fever Management

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Written informed consent by the patient

          2. Patient of either gender

          3. Age equal to or greater than 18 years old

          4. Fever onset less than 24 hours

          5. Body temperature greater than or equal to 38.50C.

          6. Infection of the upper respiratory tract or of the lower respiratory tract or acute
             pyelonephritis or infection of the skin and soft tissues that can explain fever onset.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Age below 18 years old

          2. Denial for written consent

          3. Intake of paracetamol for any reason either orally or intravenously or intramuscularly
             the last 12 hours

          4. Intake of any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug the last 8 hours

          5. Intake of any steroidal anti-inflammatory drug the last 12 hours

          6. History of liver cirrhosis

          7. Serum creatinine greater than 3 mg/dl

          8. Aspartate aminotransferase more than 3 times greater than the upper normal limit for
             the hospital lab

          9. Known allergy to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or to paracetamol

         10. Pregnancy or lactation

         11. Active bleeding of the upper or the lower gastrointestinal tract

         12. Thrombocytopenia defined as any absolute platelet count below 50000/mm3.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Asses the Efficacy of Furosap: A Testosterone Booster Supplement in Human Volunteers

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Agrees to written as well as audio-visual informed consent.

          2. Ability to understand the risks/benefits of the protocol

          3. Male between 35-65 years of age.

          4. Diagnosed with Symptomatic hypogonadism

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Uncooperative Subjects

          2. Impaired hepatic function indicated by SGOT/SGPT >2.5 times the upper limit of normal.

          3. Abnormal liver or kidney function tests (ALT or AST > 2 times the upper limit of
             normal

          4. elevated creatinine, males > 125 µmol/L or 1.4mg/dl, females > 110 µmol/L or1.2mg/dl)

          5. Patients suffering from CAD

          6. History of malignancy

          7. History of hypersensitivity to any of the investigational drugs Receiving any other
             testosterone booster therapy/medication/supplement within the last 2 months

          8. History of coagulopathies

          9. High alcohol intake (>2 standard drinks per day)

         10. History of psychiatric disorder that may impair the ability of subjects to provide
             written informed consent.

         11. Any medical condition, where the investigator feels participation in the study could
             be detrimental to the subjects overall well-being
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 35 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: To Assess the Effect of Naproxcinod Versus Naproxen and Ibuprofen on Arterial Blood Pressure in Osteoarthritis Patients With Controlled Essential Hypertension

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Men/Women, 40 or older, diagnosed with hip or knee osteoarthritis.

          -  Hypertensive Patient with treated and controlled essential hypertension.

          -  Must receive at least one antihypertensive treatment from the following drug classes:
             Diuretic, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers
             (ARB) or Beta-Blocker (BB).

          -  Must be current chronic user of NSAIDS or acetaminophen.

          -  Must discontinue all analgesic therapy at Screening.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  More than two different classes of antihypertensive drugs.

          -  Uncontrolled diabetes.

          -  Hepatic or renal impairment.

          -  A history of alcohol/drug abuse.

          -  Diagnosis of gastric or duodenal ulceration and/or history of significant
             gastro-duodenal bleeding.

          -  History of congestive heart failure.

          -  Clinically relevant abnormal ECG.

          -  Current or history of a medical disease that could interfere with the study objectives
             or put the patient's safety at risk.

          -  Current or expected use of anticoagulants.

          -  Participation within 30 days prior to pre-screening in another investigational study.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 33-year-old woman comes to clinic complaining of progressive fatigue, decreased appetite, and 11-lb weight loss in the past 2 months.  She uses levothyroxine because of the previously diagnosed Hashimoto disease. She has no other medical conditions and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Physical examination shows a generalized increase in pigmentation of the skin.  Measurement of serum cortisol before and after administration of exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) shows no difference in the levels. Stable glucocorticoid replacement therapy starts for her with the diagnosis for primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I was really suffering from fatigue and decreased appetite and I also lost 11 pounds over the past two months. I'm just 33 years old so that's not normal, especially for a woman. I take levothyroxine because I have been diagnosed with Hashimoto disease. I don't have any other medical condition, and I don't smoke I don't drink, and I don't do drugs. They also did my physical examination and they saw that I had an increase in pigmentation of my skin. They measured my cortisol level before and after giving me some ACTH hormone, and the results came back with no difference whatsoever. The doctor told me I have Addison disease and put me under glucocorticoid therapy.

Clinical trial: Evaluation of the Muscular and Cutaneous Sodium Storage by 23Na MRI in Patients With Chronic Adrenal Insufficiency

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age > 18 years

          -  Written informed consent

          -  Chronic adrenal insufficiency (first diagnosis > 6months), stable hormone replacement
             therapy with glucocorticoids (no dose-adjustment >50mg hydrocortisone within the last
             8 weeks) and mineralocorticoids (only primary adrenal insufficiency)! Or healthy
             control (no adrenal insufficiency, normal serum-electrolytes, normotensive blood
             pressure, no medication with a known influence on the electrolyte balance)!

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnancy or breast-feeding

          -  Metal-implant (not MRI-compatible)

          -  Claustrophobia

          -  Chronic internistic disease (hypertension, heart failure, liver cirrhosis)

          -  Polydipsia (>4l/d)

          -  Long-term medication that can cause a hyponatraemia (for example diuretics)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of dizziness.  She also has occasional nausea and ringing in her right ear.  The patient also has difficulty hearing while holding her phone to the left ear, although hearing in her right ear is normal.  The dizziness improves spontaneously, and she feels fine between episodes.  Past medical history is notable for hypothyroidism and low vit D level, for which she is using Levothyroxine and Vit D pearl.  She does not use tobacco or drink alcohol. Physical examination shows sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear. She has only one-man sexual partner and menopaused 2 years ago.

Patient's own account: The other day, I had to go to the clinic due to severe dizziness. I'm 47 years old, and I've been suffering from nausea and ringing in my right ear. I also have difficulty hearing in my left ear while I hold my phone, even if my hearing in my right ear is normal. The dizziness just gets me all of a sudden but I don't have any symptoms in between 2 episodes. I suffer from hypothyroidism and low vitamin D levels. So I take Levothyrox and vitamin D pearl. I don't smoke or drink. They conducted a physical exam and said I had hearing loss in my left ear. My only partner is my husband, and I'm menopause for 2 years now.

Clinical trial: OTO-104 for the Treatment of Meniere's Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Subject has a diagnosis of unilateral Meniere's disease by 1995 American Academy of
             Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (AAOHNS) criteria and reports active vertigo
             for the 2 months prior to the study lead-in period.

          -  Subject has experienced active vertigo during the lead-in period.

          -  Subject has documented asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss.

          -  Subject agrees to maintain their current treatments for Meniere's disease while
             on-study.

          -  Subjects currently on a low-salt diet and/or diuretic at the time of screening agree
             to continue this treatment throughout the study.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Subject is pregnant or lactating.

          -  Subject has a history of immunodeficiency disease.

          -  Subject has a history of previous endolymphatic sac surgery.

          -  Subject has a history of previous use of intratympanic (IT) gentamicin in the affected
             ear.

          -  Subject has a history of tympanostomy tubes with evidence of perforation or lack of
             closure.

          -  Subject has experienced an adverse reaction to IT injection of steroids.

          -  Subject has used an investigational drug or device in the 3 months prior to screening.

          -  Subject has previously been randomized to a trial of OTO-104.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office for routine checkup. He is complaining of chronic cough and occasional but progressive dyspnea.  Other medical conditions include hypertension and osteoarthritis.  The patient smokes a pack of cigarettes daily and does not use alcohol or illicit drugs.  He used to be a construction worker. On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of both lungs.  Chest CT scan reveals a mild bilateral pleural effusion and diffuse thickening of the pleura. The patient's documents show chronic exposure to asbestosis. The specimen of the lungs reveled  pulmonary fibrosis that is most predominant in the lower lobes, characterized  by the presence of asbestos bodies (golden-brown beaded rods with translucent centers).

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old former construction worker. I'm a man and I smoke a pack of cigs a day but I don't drink or do drugs. I went to my routine checkup because I've been coughing so much lately. I also had shortness of breath and it got worse over time. I already suffer from hypertension and osteoarthritis. My doctor found that I have decreased breath sounds. I did a chest scan and it seems that I have fluid around my lungs, and the lining of my lungs has become thicker in many areas. I have been exposed a lot to asbestos fibers. The other lung exam showed that I have pulmonary fibrosis, especially in the lower part of my lungs and they found some asbestos there.

Clinical trial: Treatment of Chronic Cough in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis With Thalidomide

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis for >3 months <5 years

          -  High resolution CT scan of chest consistent with IPF within the previous 12 months

          -  FVC > 40% and < 90% predicted, TLC >40% <80%, DLCo >30% <90%

          -  Chronic Cough - cough >8 weeks

          -  Age >50

          -  Non-child bearing potential

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnant or lactating women

          -  Women of child bearing potential

          -  Known etiology of lung fibrosis other than IPF

          -  Significant respiratory toxin exposure

          -  Collagen Vascular Disease

          -  Use of narcotic anti-cough agent in last week

          -  significant peripheral vascular disease or neuropathy

          -  history of seizures

          -  poorly controlled diabetes

          -  allergy to thalidomide
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment