Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: MICROPRUNG : Intestinal Microbiota Analysis in Patients With or Without Hirschsprung's Associated EnteroColitis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients from 0 to 16 years ;

          -  With rectosigmoid Hirschsprung's disease confirmed by rectal biopsies and at surgery;

          -  Already operated on, whatever the surgical technique was ;

          -  With a health care insurance;

          -  Clear information and signed consent form

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Long segment Hirschsprung disease ;

          -  Syndromic Hirschsprung disease ;

          -  Down syndrome.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 16 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Onstep Versus Lichtenstein, the Onli Trial.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Clinical diagnose of a primary groin hernia that requires surgical intervention.

          -  Eligible for procedure performed under general anesthesia

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Not able to understand Danish, written and spoken.

          -  Emergency procedures

          -  Previous inguinal hernia on ipsilateral side.

          -  ASA score more than 3.

          -  Incarcerated or irreducible hernia.

          -  Local (site of surgery) or systemic infection.

          -  Contralateral hernia being operated at the same time or planned operated during
             follow-up.

          -  Other abdominal hernias being operated at the same time or planned operated during
             follow-up.

          -  Previous surgery that has impaired the sensation in the groin area.

          -  BMI > 40 or < 20.

          -  Daily intake of alcohol >5 units, 1 unit = 12g pure alcohol.

          -  Known disease that impairs central or peripheral nerve function.

          -  Concurrent malignant disease.

          -  Impairment of cognitive function (e.g. dementia).

          -  Chronic pain that requires daily medication.

          -  Mental disorder that requires medication.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Cytokine Production Patterns in Patients With Systemic Mastocytosis Compared With Atopic Dermatitis and Healthy Individuals

Eligibility criteria:
General: Age equal to or greater than 18.

        Access to a primary medical care provider outside of the NIH.

        Able to give informed consent.

        No history of malignancy or autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis,
        pyoderma gangrenosum, psoriasis.

        No use of systemic corticosteroids within the past month.

        No use of local corticosteroids at the proposed blistering site within the past month.

        No evidence of current acute infection.

        INR less than or equal to 1.5, PTT less than or equal to 40, platelet count greater than or
        equal to 100,000/mm(3).

        No personal or family history of keloid formation.

        Blood glucose less than or equal to 160.

        No use of any investigative drugs within the past month.

        No allergy to lidocaine.

        Healthy volunteers must not have a history of atopic dermatitis, mastocytosis or chronic
        urticaria.

        Mastocytosis: Histologic evidence of mast cell hyperplasia in at least one organ system.

        Atopic Dermatitis: Must have at least 3 major and 3 minor criteria.

        No history of mastocytosis.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Effects of E-smoke on Levels of Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Microparticles in Healthy Volunteers

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  healthy subjects

          -  sporadic cigarette smoking (<9 cigarettes per month)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Any form of cardiovascular disease

          -  Any form of pulmonary disease like asthma or COPD

          -  Any form of systemic or chronic disorder like rheumatologic or metabolic diseases.

          -  Active allergy within 4 weeks of the study

          -  Symptoms of infection or inflammation within 4 weeks of the study

          -  Pregnancy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of arthralgias and nodules on her legs.  She has no fever or other skin rashes. The prior medical condition is unremarkable, and she takes no medications.  On physical examination, there is moderate hepatomegaly. The lesions on her legs are tender and present predominantly on the anterior surface of the lower extremities. She doesn't smoke and drinks alcohol occasionally. The patient has 2 male sexual partners. Vital signs are normal. Chest x-ray demonstrates enlarged hilar lymph nodes, and laboratory testing reveals an elevated ACE level. Biopsy of the skin lesion shows noncaseating granulomas that stain negative for fungi & acid-fast bacilli.

Patient's own account: I'm just a 39-year-old young woman but lately I have noticed some underlying cysts on my legs and my joints were hurting so much. I don't have a fever. I don't have rashes. My medical history is totally clean and I don't take any medication. When I went to the clinic they did a physical examination where they found that my liver is enlarged. They also found that the lesions on my legs are kind of tender and they are located on the front side of my legs. I do not smoke and I drink alcohol occasionally. I have to male sexual partners. On the day of my visit my vitals were fine. I did an X-ray of my chest and I had swollen lymph nodes. I also has a blood test and it came back with a high ACE level. I also had a biopsy of my skin lesions that came back negative for fungi and AFB.

Clinical trial: A Clinical Study of Tranilast in the Treatment of Sarcoidosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  (1)patients with diagnosed sarcoidosis, the skin pathology showed non necrotic
             granuloma and negative staining of fungi and atypical mycobacterium; (2)No
             corticosteroids and immunosuppressants were used for nearly 1 months.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  1)with a liver or kidney disease, or accompanied by a tumor or a severe infection ;
             (2)with mental disease.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Testosterone Treatment for Hypogonadal Men

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Low T males 18 - 80 years of age

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Normal T levels

          -  Elevated Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA)
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Reproducibility of the Array-Based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) System Using Whole Blood Samples

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Must be able to donate at least 10 mL of whole blood

          -  Must be able to provide consent, or parental consent and patient assent (if
             applicable)

          -  Must be currently followed as a patient of a genetic clinic or counselor at one of the
             recruiting sites

          -  Must have at least one chromosomal change that is detectable by the GeneTrait CGH
             Microarray System DX as determined by karyotype and/or fluorescence in situ
             hybridization (FISH) analysis (within any of the 73 critical regions)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Unable to donate at least 10 mL of whole blood

          -  Unable to provide consent, or parental consent and patient assent (if applicable)

          -  Not currently followed as a patient of a genetic clinic or counselor at one of the
             recruiting sites

          -  Does not have at least one chromosomal change that is detectable by the GeneTrait CGH
             Microarray System DX as determined by karyotype and/or FISH analysis (within any of
             the 73 critical regions)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Gas Supply, Demand and Middle Ear Gas Balance -- Preliminary Protocol

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  adults 18-50 years of age

          -  have unilateral or bilateral holes in the eardrums/patent tympanostomy tubes

          -  otherwise healthy

          -  ability to read and comprehend English

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  drainage through either tube or hole in the eardrum

          -  cold or allergic rhinitis on presentation

          -  syndrome predisposing to otitis media

          -  history of ossicular reconstruction
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 50 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication Treatment of Patients With Chronic GERD

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male and female GERD patients aged 18-70 years with GERD symptoms.

          -  Prior long-term treatment with PPI with minimum duration of 1 year with expected
             future duration of at least 2 more years.

          -  Controlled on 20-40mg/day maintenance PPI therapy prior to study, defined as GERD
             symptom score<18 and score of 70 or more on 1-100 Global Rating Scale at screening (on
             medication).

          -  Increase in GERD symptom score>=15 points at baseline (off omeprazole).

          -  GERD symptom score>=18 at baseline (off omeprazole).

          -  Percent acid reflux in 24hr 4% at baseline (off omeprazole).

          -  Positive Bernstein test at baseline.

          -  Willingness to adhere to randomized treatment with availability for 3 years of
             follow-up.

          -  Ability to answer self and interviewer-administered questions in English.

          -  Signed informed consent.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Aperistaltic esophagus.

          -  Severe cardiac, respiratory, hematologic or other disease constituting an unacceptable
             surgical risk in the investigator's opinion.

          -  Previous gastric, esophageal or anti-reflux surgery.

          -  History of malignancy within the last year with the exception of basal cell carcinoma.

          -  Pregnancy or an intention to become pregnant in the following year.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Validation of Near-infrared Light Transillumination for Interproximal Enamel Caries Detection

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  ASA-Status 1

          -  Complete permanent dentition

          -  Bitewing radiography already existing (< 4 months)

          -  Minimum of one cavitation-free approximal surface, symptomless, interproximal enamel
             or dentin caries lesion in the posterior teeth without restorations and/or sound tooth
             surface.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Children younger than 15 Years
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 15 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic with her roommate.  The roommate says that the patient has twice fallen asleep while they were talking.  The patient has regularly fallen asleep in the afternoon while reading or watching television but typically feels refreshed after a brief nap.  She also reveals that she sometimes hears a voice prior to falling asleep.  She also complains of some episodes of clumsiness that cause her to drop objects or fall. MSLT showed that the sleep latency was less than 8 min and that the patient enters rapid eye movement (REM) sleep almost immediately.

Patient's own account: I brought my roommate to the clinic because she kept falling asleep when we were having a conversation. We're both 25 and usually healthy girls. She usually takes a nap in the afternoon while reading or watching TV, but usually, she is quite energetic afterward. She told me that she sometimes hears a voice before falling asleep. How weird! And sometimes she's the clumsiest! She keeps dropping all her stuff. The doctor did a sleeping test and she found out that it takes her less than 8 min to fall asleep.

Clinical trial: North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy Consortium

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  REM sleep behavior disorder secondary to another cause (ex: narcolepsy, dementia,
             Parkinson's Disease, etc)

          -  Other neurological disorder
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction