Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Studying Skeletal Muscle, Heart, and Diaphragm Imaging in Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Eligibility criteria:
-  INCLUSION CRITERIA:

        DMD Subjects

          -  Eligible for the parent study

          -  Willing and able to comply with all protocol requirements and procedures, including
             MRI without sedation

          -  Able to give informed assent and parent(s)/legal guardian to give informed consent in
             writing signed by the subject and/or parent(s)/legal guardian

        Healthy Volunteers

          -  Must be unaffected by a neuromuscular condition

          -  Willing and able to comply with all protocol requirements and procedures, including
             MRI without sedation.

          -  Able to give informed assent and parent(s)/legal guardian to give informed consent in
             writing signed by the subject and/or parent(s)/legal guardian.

        EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

        DMD Subjects and Healthy Volunteers

          -  Having metal objects in his body that are not MRI-safe. These include the following
             objects: 1) pacemakers or other implanted electrical devices; 2) brain stimulators; 3)
             some types of dental implants; 4) aneurysm clips (metal clips on the wall of a large
             artery); 5) metallic prostheses (including metal pins and rods, heart valves, and
             cochlear implants; 6) implanted delivery pump; 7) permanent eye liner; or 8) shrapnel
             fragments.

          -  Having a fear of closed spaces
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 5 Years old.
Subject must be at most 17 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Height Loss, Kyphosis Indicators, Bone Mineral Density and Vertebral Fractures in Chinese Postmenopausal Women

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Postmenopausal women aged ≥50 years (Menopause was defined as the absence of menstrual
        cycles for at least one year)

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Morphological abnormalities or skeletal distortions
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: The Effect of Functional Activities and Balance Ability With Taping in Subjects of Hemophilia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  subject of Hemophilia

          -  20-65 years old

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Any history of surgery
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors, Hypertension, and COVID-19

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age equal or more than 18;

          -  Symptoms suggestive of Covid-19 pneumonia. At least : fever > 38°C or influenza-like
             illness (asthenia, myalgia, chills, muscular aches, …) AND cough or dyspnea;

          -  Hospitalization required on clinical criteria including: oxygen saturation <96%
             without oxygen support, respiratory frequency > 25 per minute, hemodynamic
             instability, medical history or comorbidities known at high risk for Covid-19 (chronic
             heart disease, congestive heart failure, chronic bronchopulmonary disease, diabetes
             mellitus, age>70, history of cancer, immunosuppression, …);

          -  Covid-19 confirmation test performed (RT-PCR).

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Age < 18

          -  Refusal to participate in the study

          -  detainee or prisoner

          -  Protected adult uncapable to consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: A Powered Exoskeleton for Veterans With Knee OA

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  medical diagnosis of Grade 3 or 4 knee OA

          -  have a prescribed knee brace for at least three months

          -  self-reported knee pain when standing, walking, climbing stairs, squatting, or other
             mobility activities

          -  self-reported limitations to mobility and walking activities due to knee pain,
             stiffness, loss of range of motion

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  neurological paralysis causing an inability to stand, weight bear or take stepping
             movements

          -  fixed contractures resulting in limited range of motion in the hip, knees, or ankles
             that prevent sitting, standing, walking, and/or squatting activities

          -  able to walk at a normal walking speed (>1.2 m/s) based on a 6-minute walk test (6MWT)

          -  anthropometric incompatibility with the device

          -  any medical complication or co-morbidity as judged by the study physician to be
             contraindicated for wearing the device or walking (e.g., cardiovascular disorders,
             pressure ulcers, open wounds, lower limb vascular disorders, or other medical
             conditions)

          -  a score of <8/10 on the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool for Treatment (MacCAT-T)
             (as a proxy for cognitive competency screening); and 7) pregnancy or planning on
             becoming pregnant
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Ultrasound-guided Genicular Nerve Block With Phenol for the Treatment of Chronic Pain Due to Knee Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Signature of the free, informed consent form

          -  Age over 18 years old

          -  Knee pain for more than six months without improvement with clinical treatment

          -  Clinical and imaging diagnosis (radiography) of knee osteoarthritis

          -  Moderate pain intensity (pain greater than 4, by the numerical scale).

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Cognitive impairment or psychiatric disease

          -  Other causes of knee pain (trauma, complex regional pain syndrome)

          -  Puncture site infection

          -  Coagulopathy or use of anticoagulant.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Long-Term Growth and Skeletal Effects of Early Growth Hormone Treatment in Turner Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Previously randomized in study B9R-US-GDFG (NCT00406926)

          -  Karyotype-proven Turner syndrome

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Immediate family members of study site personnel directly affiliated with the study
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 4 Years old.
Subject must be at most 20 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: A Study to Assess the Bioequivalence of Famotidine/Antacid Combination Tablets Compared to Famotidine/Antacid EZ Chew Tablets (0208C-145)(COMPLETED)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Female subject is not pregnant or lactating, Females of childbearing potential must
             use reliable means of contraception during the course of the study

          -  Subject is in good health

          -  Subject is able to abstain from smoking during the 24-hour periods before and during
             each treatment day

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Subject has a history of stomach ulcers, other Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases or GI
             surgery

          -  Subject has a history of asthma or severe allergies to drugs or foods

          -  Subject currently uses prescribed or nonprescribed drugs on a regular basis

          -  Subject has a recent history of drug/alcohol abuse

          -  Subject consumes more than 6 cups of coffee per day

          -  Subject has unconventional or extreme dietary habits

          -  Subject has donated blood or has been in a clinical trial in which they received an
             investigational drug during the past 30 days

          -  Subject has a history of allergy or intolerance to antacids

          -  Female subject is known to be pregnant or is not using reliable means of contraception
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 45 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: The Role of Sodium Bicarbonate as Adjuvant Treatment of Computed Tomography Identified COVID-19 Pneumonia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age >18 years.

          -  Fever ≥ 38º C with upper respiratory tract manifestations, generalized bone ache with
             or without gastrointestinal symptoms as diarrhea.

          -  Chest CT with signs suggestive of COVID-19.

          -  Mild and moderate cases of COVID-19 pneumonia with respiratory and hemodynamic
             stability. - High C reactive protein (CRP).- With or without history of contact with
             index case who is isolated in a governmental hospital assigned for treatment of
             patients proved to have RT-PCR positive test for COVID-19

          -  With or without abnormalities in the total or differential white cell count.

          -  Welling to sign a fully informed consent.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe and critical illness with respiratory failure and/ or hemodynamic instability.

          -  CT with pleural effusion with or without lung cavitation.

          -  Other organ failure.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Physical Therapy Management in Degenerative Lumbar Diseases and Osteoporosis

Eligibility criteria:
Experimental group:

        Inclusion Criteria:

          -  patients with the diagnosis including lumbar spondylosis, low back pain, osteoporosis,
             compression fracture, back pain treated at National Taiwan University Hospital

          -  received rehabilitation at the Physical Therapy Center in recent ten years.

        Control group:

        Inclusion Criteria:

          -  patients with the diagnosis including lumbar spondylosis, low back pain, osteoporosis,
             compression fracture, back pain treated at National Taiwan University Hospital

          -  not received rehabilitation at the Physical Therapy Center in recent ten years.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction