Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Evaluation of Open-canal Behind-the-Ear Hearing Aids and Traditional In-the-ear Hearing Aids.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Sensorineural hearing loss

          -  Veteran-adult onset of hearing

          -  English as first language

          -  Eligible for VA issued hearing aids

          -  Eligible to receive care at one of the three participating VA sites: Nashville,
             Tennessee, Mountain Home Tennessee, Bay Pines Florida

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Known neurological, psychiatric disorders, or co-morbid disease that would prevent
             completion of the study

          -  Inadequate vision

          -  Inadequate reading skills
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Long-term Pantoprazole Trial in Patients With Symptoms of Chronic Acid Peptic Complaints (BY1023/VMG-708)

Eligibility criteria:
Main Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who completed ALTANA Pharma study BY1023/FK3006 (long-term clinical trial
             regarding efficacy and tolerability of Pantoprazole in patients not responding to
             treatment with H2-receptor antagonists or omeprazole)

          -  Written informed consent

        Main Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Concomitant diseases

          -  Pregnant or nursing female patients; female patients of childbearing potential who are
             not using reliable contraception
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the clinic for his routine checkup. The patient wears glasses for myopia and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the patient is tall with long upper extremities and fingers.  The face appears narrow with down-slanted palpebral fissures, flattened malar bones, and a small jaw.  The lungs are clear on auscultation.  The abdomen is soft with no organomegaly. The patient is diagnosed with Marfan syndrome, and he is cooperative with his medical appointments. He is working as driver.

Patient's own account: I'm a 20-year-old guy, working as a driver and I went to the clinic for my routine checkup. I have myopia, so I wear glasses and I don't take any other medications. My vitals were normal. I also did a physical exam, and I was told that I have long legs, arms, and fingers. They also told me that my face is quite narrow, with down-slanted eyes and a small jaw. My lungs were fine and my tummy too. I have been diagnosed with Marfan syndrome and I haven't been skipping any medical appointments since.

Clinical trial: The Oscillation of Crystalline and Intraocular Lenses

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  >18 years old

          -  Able to read and understand the English language

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Significant corneal scarring

          -  Taking medications that cause miosis (pupil constriction)

          -  Patients with no light perception

          -  Patients unable to open their eyes e.g. due to significant ptosis
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Molecular Pathways Involved in Knee Pain

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  have the ability to give informed consent

          -  be 45 years or over

          -  have complaints of knee pain for 3-6 months with or without radiographically
             established OA (K/L scale score ≥ 1)

          -  have complaints of knee pain for 3-6 months with or without satisfying the
             non-radiographic American College of Rheumatology criteria for knee OA

          -  are willing to undertake knee synovial fluid aspiration

          -  be able to speak, read, and write in English as all instructions and questionnaires
             are designed in the English language

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Inability to give informed consent due to cognitive impairment or otherwise -
             (capacity levels are already established under General Practitioner care)

          -  Inability to understand key aspects of the study due to cognitive impairment or
             otherwise

          -  Giving history of additional co-morbidities such as cancer, neurological conditions,
             inflammatory joint diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathies,
             fractures or other conditions causing greater disability than their knee pain

          -  Acute soft tissue injury to the knee within last 3 months before potential recruitment
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: Long-term Heart-specific Mortality in the Presence of Competing Risks Among Patients With Non-metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Resection and Chemotherapy

Eligibility criteria:
Cases of non-metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma (nmGaC) were defined as patients with
        microscopically-confirmed first primary invasive adenocarcinoma of the stomach
        (International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) code: C16)
        without distant metastasis. Only those who underwent resection in January 2004 through
        December 2016 were included. Cancers of other histology types including squamous cell
        carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor or sarcoma, neuroendocrine tumor or carcinoid,
        lymphoma, and germ-cell tumor were ineligible, as were patients with non-gastric cancers
        involving the stomach, with benign or in situ tumors, or with other malignancies before
        gastric cancer. We further excluded patients with diagnosis based on death certificate only
        or autopsy, with missing follow-up period, survival status, or cause of death, or with
        unknown metastasis status. Cancers with distant metastasis were excluded since resection is
        not routinely recommended for them. Data before 2004 were not included, as the TNM stage
        information was unavailable. To minimize the effect of perioperative events on survival, we
        excluded patients surviving <1 month. No restrictions were applied to age, and patients ≥80
        years only comprised 5% of those receiving both resection and chemotherapy.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: Evaluation of the Active Living Every Day Exercise Program for People With Arthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Self-reported arthritis or chronic joint symptoms

          -  Currently exercising less than 3 times per week

          -  Plan to be in community for at least 1 year

          -  Physician release for participation in physical activity

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pregnancy

          -  Non-English speaking

          -  Cognitive impairment

          -  Serious medical condition where exercise is contradindicated

          -  Severe physical or mental impairment
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Efficacy of an Intranasal Testosterone Product

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Men with primary or secondary hypogonadism and a serum morning (0900 h ± 30 minutes)
             testosterone levels >100 ng/dl and ≤ 300 ng/dL.

          -  Normal Otolaryngological nasal endoscopy examination.

          -  Normal prostate examination (no palpable prostatic mass), and serum PSA ≤ 4.0 ng/mL.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Current treatment with other androgens (i.e. DHEA), anabolic steroids or other sex
             hormones

          -  Treatment with Estrogens, GnRH antagonists, or Growth Hormone within previous 12
             months

          -  History of nasal surgery, specifically turbinoplasty, septoplasty, rhinoplasty, or
             sinus surgery.

          -  History of nasal disorders (e.g. polyposis, recurrent epistaxis ( > 1 nose bleed per
             month, abuse of nasal decongestants) or sleep apnea.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Symptoms in Egypt

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  18 years and above

          -  Attending the medical office and reporting symptoms suggestive of upper
             gastrointestinal tract symptoms such as heartburn/regurgitation, abdominal pain,
             bloating, belching and nausea/vomiting.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Participating on a clinical trial during the last 3 months.

          -  Patients not able to read and/or understand the GERD-Q questionnaire.

          -  Patients already included in the study in other participating site.

          -  Patients taking PPIs or H2blockers in the l
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Hip Joint Mobilizations and Strength Training in Patients With Knee OA Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with unilateral or bilateral knee OA.

          -  Subjects of 50 years or above

          -  palpable bony enlargement

          -  Crepitus on knee motion

          -  morning stiffness for less than 30 minutes

          -  Kellgren and Lawrence scale: Grade 1-3

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with spinal surgery

          -  lower extremity arthroplasty

          -  Severe joint contractures and bony deformities of lower extremity

          -  Amputation of lower extremity

          -  Recent trauma to lower extremity

          -  A cortisone injection to the hip/ knee within previous 30 days

          -  Patient having mechanical back pain .i.e. lumbosacral radiculopathy and sciatica

          -  Patient with lower extremity bony deformities either acquired or congenital

          -  Patient with advanced hip OA.

          -  Systemic arthritis or rheumatoid arthritis
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 15-year-old boy with mild intellectual disability is brought to the office by his parents for a routine physical examination.  The boy is going to a school for students with learning disabilities.  The patient was adopted, and his immunizations are up to date.  Review of the patient's medical records is notable for cytogenetic studies that showed a small gap near the tip of the long arm of the X chromosome, which is consistent with fragile X syndrome, an X-linked disorder. The defect is an unstable expansion of trinucleotide repeats (CGG) in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, located on the long arm of the X chromosome. He is not using any medications and vital signs are within normal levels. His blood chemistry analysis as bellow:
Blood Chemistry Value      Normal Range     Patient Value
Glucose                    90-120 mg/dl     95 mg/dl
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)  7-24 mg/dl       10 mg/dl
Creatinine                 0.7-1.4 mg/dl    0.8 mg/dl
Calcium                    8.5-10.5 mg/dl   9 mg/dl
Sodium                     134-143 mEq/L    135 mEq/L
Potassium                  3.5-4.5 mEq/L    3.7 mEq/L
Chloride                   95-108 mEq/L     98 mEq/L
CO2                        20-30 mEq/L      25 mEq/L
Blood pH                   7.38-7.42        7. 39

Patient's own account: My husband and I brought our 15-year-old son to the clinic for his routine exam. My son is going to school for special needs students. We adopted him a few years ago. His vaccinations are up to date. He already passed some chromosome testing and they found that he has a fragile X syndrome. The doctor told us that it comes from repeats in the fragile X chromosome. My son is not using any medication and his blood pressure temperature and breathing were normal during the exam. He also did a blood test. The results came back and showed that his blood sugar urea creatinine calcium sodium potassium chloride CO2 and blood pH were all within the normal range.

Clinical trial: An Open-Label Trial of Donepezil in Fragile X Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:1. Confirmed genetic diagnosis of fragile X syndrome

        2. Age e 14

        3. Verbal IQ e 60 Exclusion Criteria:1. Currently taking any anticholinergic medications,
        tricyclic antidepressant medications, or diphenhydramine.

        2. Presence of cardiac disease or bradycardia (< 60 beats/minute) at initial evaluation.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 14 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment