Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Intra-Articular Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation to Treat Mild to Moderate Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosed with mild to moderate osteoarthritis based on Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic
             classification

          -  Has a history of joint swelling, pain, stiffness, altered gait and loss of motion due
             to degenerative cartilage

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Has systemic bone or cartilage disorders

          -  Has significant vascular impairment proximal to implant site

          -  Has substantial joint destabilization including extensive osteophyte formation

          -  Has substantial surface erosion of the weight-bearing articular cartilage

          -  Evidence of infection or fractures in or around the joint

          -  Contraindication to bone marrow aspiration

          -  Any acute or chronic communicable diseases including Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV

          -  Any past history of neoplasia and primary hematological disease

          -  Renal impairment indicated by serum creatinine greater than 200mM

          -  Liver impairment indicated by serum aspartate transaminase and serum alanine
             transaminase greater than 120 IU

          -  Any other co-morbidity which the physician deems as a contraindication to stem cell
             transplantation and bone marrow biopsy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment