Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Fibrin Glue Versus Tacked Fixation in Groin Hernia Repair (TAPP)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  unilateral groin hernia

          -  planned laparoscopic inguinal or femoral herniorrhaphy

          -  ASA I-III

          -  fluent Danish

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  converting to open operation

          -  low compliance

          -  daily use of morphine or similar drugs daily in the last month

          -  complications to the operation
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Evaluation of Acute and Subacute Effects of Nicotine Free Electronic Cigarette(NCFE) Vapors

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        INCLUSION CRITERIA:

          -  Subjects will be over 18 years of age.

          -  Healthy life-time non-smokers

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Presence of airflow obstruction (COPD, asthma, bronchiectasis)

          -  Other concomitant inflammatory pulmonary disorders

          -  Subjects with known pulmonary malignancies within 5 years

          -  Subjects with prior thoracic surgery

          -  Subjects with respiratory infection that required use of oral corticosteroids and/or
             antibiotics within the prior 3 months

          -  Subjects with allergies to study medications

          -  Subjects incapable of providing informed consent.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Self-assessment of Flare in Osteoarthritis of Lower Limbs

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  with clinical and radiological hip or knee OA confirmed by a physician,

          -  whatever their status regarding flare of OA. The intention of the Flare-OA tool is not
             to detect current flare only, but also a flare that may have occurred before the
             encounter with the health care professional. Therefore patient will not be selected on
             flare, and patients with flare will not be excluded.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who never experienced nor currently report having a flare of OA

          -  Patients with both hip and knee OA
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Wrist Worn Blood Pressure Measurement

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients who have a pre-existing intra-arterial blood pressure (A-Line) line for
             standard care

          -  Patients that are ≥18 years of age.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Body habitus that precludes patients from wearing a device on their wrist

          -  Subjects without normal palpable radial artery pulse, whether congenital, due to
             medical intervention, or otherwise

          -  Subjects with wrist circumference less than 155mm or greater than 210mm

          -  Subjects implanted with pacemaker, VAD's or other mechanical circulatory support
             device whether intracorporeal or extracorporeal

          -  Patients that do not have an intra-arterial blood pressure line.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: A Study to Assess the Effects of Naproxcinod and Naproxen on Blood Pressure Measurements in Osteoarthritis Patients With Controlled High Blood Pressure

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Men/Women, 40 or older, diagnosed with hip or knee Osteoarthritis.

          -  Hypertensive patient with treated and controlled essential hypertension.

          -  Must receive at least one antihypertensive treatment from the following drug classes:
             Diuretic, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
             (ARB) or Beta-Blocker (BB).

          -  Must be current chronic user of NSAIDS or acetaminophen.

          -  Must discontinue all analgesic therapy at Screening.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  More than two different classes of antihypertensive drugs.

          -  Uncontrolled diabetes.

          -  Hepatic or renal impairment.

          -  A history of alcohol/drug abuse.

          -  Diagnosis of gastric or duodenal ulceration and/or history of significant
             gastro-duodenal bleeding.

          -  History of congestive heart failure.

          -  Clinically relevant abnormal ECG.

          -  Current or expected use of anticoagulants.

          -  Current or history of any medical disease that could interfere with the study
             objectives or put the patient's safety at risk.

          -  Participation within 30 days prior to pre-screening in another investigational study.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Yeahhh Baby! Ointment on Hip and/or Knee Pain in Men and Women

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Self-reported joint pain with a minimum pain rating of 3/10 for at least the past 30
             days

          -  Recreationally active (2 or more days per week)

          -  Not obese (BMI < 30kg/m2)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Tobacco users/Smokers

          -  Allergic to coconut, walnuts, oak, olives

          -  Currently using anti-inflammatory medicines or dietary supplements (and not willing to
             cease for one-month prior to participation and throughout study)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 35 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Treatment of Overweight in Children on Distance

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        - Children with overweight and not obese according to the definitions developed by Cole et
        al (4). It implies that we include children with the following age specific BMI Inclusion
        criteria

          -  9 years = AGE < 9 years, 6 months AND 19,0< BMI<23,0

          -  9 years, 6 months => AGE < 10 Years AND 19,5 <BMI<23,5

          -  10 years = AGE < 10 years, 6 months AND 20,0<BMI<24,0

          -  10 years, 6 months=>AGE< 11 years AND 20,5<BMI<24,5

          -  11 years = AGE < 11 years, 6 months AND 21,0<BMI<25,5

          -  11 years, 6 months =>AGE<12 years AND 21,5<BMI<25,5

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Children and his/her parents not able to communicate in Swedish.

          -  Children with monogenic obesity

          -  Present less than 80% at school in the latest school year.

          -  No foster care for the child or his/her brothers or sisters
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 9 Years old.
Subject must be at most 12 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Chronic Disease Management Program for Gout

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Three or more outpatient/ED visits in a 24-month period prior to selection for study with
        one of these primary visit diagnoses:

          -  Gouty arthropathy

          -  Gout, unspecified

          -  Gout with other specified manifestations

          -  Tophaceous gout of ear (274.81) or other sites

          -  Gouty nephropathy

        At least 2 years of continuous Kaiser Foundation Hospital Plan membership

        Baseline uric acid level above 7.0mg/dl

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Current cancer diagnosis with active treatment

          -  End stage renal disease

          -  Pregnant or lactating

          -  Patients with a diagnosis of dementia

          -  Terminally ill patients
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Short Term Outcome of Laparoscopic Trans-abdominal Preperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair Without Mesh Fixation

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  18 years old suffering unilateral,

          -  non -recurrent,

          -  un-complicated inguinal hernia.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  previous abdominal or pelvic surgery,

          -  unfit with laparoscopic surgery,

          -  those with ascites,

          -  abdominal malignancy

          -  on chemotherapy and immune-compromised patients.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: A Randomized Prospective Analysis of Time to Diagnosis and Length of Stay of Emergency Department Pelvic Ultrasonography

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  have a positive serum or urine beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

          -  estimated gestational age (EGA) of less than 20 weeks

          -  complaint of pelvic pain and/or vaginal bleeding

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  prior known documentation of an intrauterine pregnancy

          -  estimated gestational age (EGA) of greater than 20 weeks

          -  peritoneal findings on physical examination

          -  unstable vital signs as deemed appropriate by the attending physician

          -  prisoners

          -  open cervix upon physical examination
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 55 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Lichtenstein Versus TAPP and TEP in Groin Hernioplasty

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  male

          -  age: 18 - 65

          -  planned inguinal hernia repair using synthetic implant

          -  BMI range: 20-35 kg / m2

          -  written informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  prior midline laparotomy

          -  contraindications for general anaesthesia

          -  ASA > IV

          -  cirrhosis (Child B or C) or ascites

          -  active treatment with use of chemiotherapy

          -  incarcerated hernia
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment