Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the office due to weight gain and fatigue.  He is not able to lift heavy objects or climb stairs. Family history is positive for DM type 2 and HTN in his father.  Blood pressure is 165/90 mm Hg and pulse is 85/min.  On physical examination, there is symmetric proximal muscle weakness of the upper and lower extremities.  Fasting plasma glucose level is 138 mg/dL and 24-hour urinary cortisol is twice the upper normal limit.  Further evaluation reveals that high-dose, but not low-dose, dexamethasone suppresses serum cortisol levels.  Serum ACTH levels are high-normal. This patient's findings are consistent with endogenous Cushing Syndrome.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old man. I went to the clinic because I had been gaining weight and had increased fatigue over the past few weeks. I was not able to lift heavy objects or even climb the stairs. My dad was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure. During the exam, they took my blood pressure, which was 165/90 mm Hg, and my pulse was 85/min. They found out that I have weaknesses in both of my arms and legs. I also did a blood test on an empty stomach, and I had a glucose level of 138 mg/dL, and twice the upper normal limit of cortisol. I had high-normal levels of ACTH. The doctor said I suffer from endogenous Cushing Syndrome.

Clinical trial: Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonism in Subclinical Cushings

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients will be eligible for inclusion if: they are males and over 18, lack clinical
             features classically associated with Cushing's syndrome; have evidence of excess
             circulating cortisol

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Evidence of local or systemic malignancy; overt Cushing's syndrome; severe
             uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or hypertension; pregnancy; clinically significantly
             impaired cardiovascular function (e.g. stage IV cardiac failure); severe liver disease
             (liver enzymes ≥ 3 x the institutional upper limit of normal range); significantly
             impaired renal function (eGFR <30/min); uncontrolled severe active infection;
             treatment with approved or experimental steroidogenesis inhibitors, adrenolytic
             agents, within four weeks of admission; In women, known endometrial cancer, history of
             endometrial hyperplasia or vaginal bleeding of unknown cause; requirement for inhaled
             or systemic glucocorticoids for existing disease; impaired mental capacity or markedly
             abnormal psychiatric evaluation that precludes informed consent.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Online Re-Intervention On Eating Behaviour and BMI On Obese Hypertensive Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Hypertension.

          -  Overweight or obesity (25 ≤ BMI ≤ 35 kg/m2).

          -  Aged between 18-75 years.

          -  Being a participant of the program 5 years ago.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Not having access to the Internet or lack of information about it.

          -  Treatment with more than 3 antihypertensive drugs.

          -  Meet the criteria of the DSM-IV-TR of a Food Disorder.

          -  Presenting some type of severe psychiatric disorder.

          -  Disability that prevents or hinders physical exercise.

          -  Receiving some treatment for weight loss.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: Does Hirschsprung Disease Increase the Risk of Febrile Urinary Tract Infection in Children

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

        Patients :

        - surgical treatment of an HD confirmed on histopathologic exam.

        Controls :

        - appendicetomy for acute appendicitis without history of HD, ano rectal malformation or
        any other colic disease

        Exclusion criteria:

          -  patients with HD but not yet operated

          -  patient with a stoma at the time of the study

          -  patient with chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction without HD
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Study Evaluating ReFacto® in Hemophilia A Undergoing Major Surgery

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age ≥ 6 years

          -  Male previously treated patients (≥150 Exposure Days) with moderate or severe
             hemophilia A (i.e. ≤ 5% FVIII:C) who will undergo elective major surgery that is
             anticipated to require at least 6 consecutive days of daily factor VIII (FVIII)
             infusions (surgical and post-surgical prophylaxis)

          -  Ability to adhere to the protocol requirements

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Hypersensitivity to ReFacto, murine allergen, or hamster allergen 2 History of FVIII
             inhibitor or current inhibitor, defined as > 0.6 BU

          -  Prior participation in this study

          -  Any concomitant bleeding disorder other than hemophilia A
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: The Significance of the Mesh Thickness in the Operation of Inguinal Hernia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male, age 25 years or older

          -  Reducible, unilateral, inguinal hernia (not femoral hernia) that has not been operated
             on before

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  The patient is not able or do not want to give written informed consent

          -  The patient is not suitable for an operation in local anesthesia

          -  Anticoagulant medication or a known coagulation disorder
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 25 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Study of Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  unilateral hernia

          -  uncomplicated hernia

          -  medical fitness for general anesthesia

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  unfit for general anesthesia

          -  complicated hernia

          -  uncorrectable coagulopathy

          -  BMI > 35

          -  concomitant pathologies requiring simultaneous surgery

          -  bilateral hernia
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old man comes to the emergency department following an episode of syncope.  He was working out when he felt dizzy and passed out without head injury.  He has had 3 other episodes of light-headedness over the last year, all happening during physical activity. He never had this experience while resting. He has no other medical conditions.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  His father died suddenly at age 35.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  On physical examination, the patient has a harsh systolic murmur.  The lungs are clear with no peripheral edema. Echocardiography shows asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy.

Patient's own account: I'm 23, and I got admitted to the ER because I fainted all of a sudden. I was in the gym, working out, when all of a sudden, I just got dizzy and passed out. Hopefully, I didn't hit my head. It's not my first time having that kind of dizziness at the gym, never when I'm chilling at home tho. I don't have any special medical conditions and I'm not even smoking, drinking or doing drugs! My dad died suddenly when he was 35, so I'm kind of scared. My vitals were normal while at the ER and they did a physical exam and they told me my heart sounds abnormal. My lungs are ok, but I had to do an echography of my heart, and they told me it is bigger than average.

Clinical trial: Cyclosporine A to Treat Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)

Eligibility criteria:
Patients of either gender, aged 18-75 years, with HCM caused by sarcomeric gene mutations
        determined by existing protocols.

        LV wall thickness of greater than or equal to 20 mm measured in any LV segment by MRI.

        Severe symptoms refractory to medical treatment (New York Heart Association functional
        class III or IV).

        No LV outflow tract obstruction at rest greater than 30 mm Hg as determined by cardiac
        catheterization.

        No coronary artery disease (greater than 50% arterial luminal narrowing of a major
        epicardial vessel).

        No chronic atrial fibrillation.

        No bleeding disorder (PTT greater than 35 sec, pro time greater than 14 sec, platelet count
        less than 154 k/mm(3).

        No anemia (Hb less than 12.7 g/dl in males and less than 11.0 g/dl in females).

        No renal impairment (serum creatinine greater than 1.3 mg/dl).

        No hepatitis B or C; nor unexplained abnormal LFTs.

        No inability to estimate LV wall thickness.

        No positive urine pregnancy test.

        No pregnant or lactating female patients.

        No concurrent use of immunosuppressives or steroids.

        No diabetes mellitus.

        No history of malignancy other than skin tumors (squamous and basal cell) in the last 5
        years.

        No condition that excludes the patient from undergoing an MRI test.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: PREventative Study Against URate-Lowering Drug-Induced Gout Exacerbations (PRE-SURGE 2)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male or female 18 to 80 years of age;

          -  Previously met the preliminary criteria of the American Rheumatism Association (ARA)
             for the classification of the acute arthritis of primary gout;

          -  At least 2 gout flares in the year prior to the screening visit;

          -  Serum uric acid greater than or equal to 7.5 mg/dL at the screening visit.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Acute gout flare within 2 weeks of the screening visit or during screening;

          -  Persistent chronic or active infections;

          -  History of an allergic reaction to allopurinol;

          -  History or presence of cancer within 5 years of the screening visit;

          -  Previous exposure to Rilonacept;

          -  Use of allopurinol, benzbromarone, febuxostat, probenecid or sulfinpyrazone within 3
             months prior to the screening visit.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 27-year-old woman comes to the dermatology clinic with skin rash and oral ulcers.  The rashes are mildly itchy. The patient has no other medical conditions and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On examination, there are pink papules symmetrically distributed over the anterior surfaces of the shins and ankles. There are some white ulcerated papules on her buccal mucosa. She is in relationship with her boyfriend and has only one sexual partner. Her boyfriend uses condoms. She smokes 1 to 2 cigarettes a day and drinks a beer daily. Biopsy reveals prominent hyperkeratosis with a thickened granular layer.  There is an infiltration of mononuclear cells in the superficial dermis that involves the overlying epidermis. The rete ridges have a sawtooth appearance.

Patient's own account: I went to the dermatologist because I had rashes on my skin and ulcers in my mouth. The rashes were not that itchy. I don't get it! I'm 27, I don't take medication, nor I don't have any other illnesses. My vitals were normal. My doc told me there were pink spots on the back of my throat. I'm heterosexual and have been only with my boyfriend and he uses condoms. I smoke 1 or 2 cigarettes a day and I drink a beer to accompany it. I had a biopsy and it showed some thick and grainy skin texture. The doc said it's an immune reaction.

Clinical trial: Comparison Between Injections of Steroids and Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma in the Oral Erosions of Pemphigus Vulgaris

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Pemphigus vulgaris patients having bilateral erosions in the buccal mucosa.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pemphigus vulgaris patients who do not have oral erosions.

          -  Pemphigus vulgaris patients who have received intralesional steroid injection in their
             buccal mucosa.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 17-year-old male comes to the office due to several months of right elbow pain.  The pain is worse with activity and limits his workouts and activities.  He has tried over-the-counter medications with limited relief.  Medical history is notable for eczema, and current medications include a topical hydrocortisone ointment.  He is sexually active with his girlfriend and uses condoms. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. He plays tennis most of the days of the week. The comprehensive evaluation shows pain on the lateral side of the elbow, made worse by pressure applied on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and when making a fist with the elbow joint straightened. The patient has this pain since last year and had several courses of physical therapy.

Patient's own account: I'm 17, and I had to go to the doctor because I've been suffering from my right elbow for several months. The pain is even worse when I do sports and it kind of limits me for my workouts and activities. I tried over-the-counter medications but it didn't work much. I had eczema before and my medication is ointments that contain cortisone. I am sexually active as a 17-year-old guy, and I have a girlfriend, and we use condoms. I don't smoke or drink. I play tennis most days of the week. I did an exam that showed pain on the side of my elbow and it was worse when they applied some pressure on it and when I was putting my hand as a fist. I have had this pain since last year, and I had several sessions of physical therapy already.

Clinical trial: Comparison of Two Different Splints in the Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Applying to Dokuz Eylül University Medical Faculty Physical Medicine and
             Rehabilitation Department outpatient clinic

          -  Having pain in the elbow for less than 12 weeks and having no similar attack history
             for 1 year

          -  Diagnosing lateral epicondylitis with clinical and ultrasonographic evaluation

          -  Having pain of at least 3 in their VAS scores

          -  Agreeing to participate in the study

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Having elbow pain for more than 12 weeks

          -  Having signs of lateral epicondylitis in the other extremity

          -  Having a history of injection for lateral epicondylitis

          -  In the last 3 months, who had physical therapy for lateral epicondylitis

          -  Having a history of elbow surgery and fracture in the elbow area.

          -  Having muscle weakness in the upper extremity due to cervical radiculopathy and/or
             entrapment neuropathy

          -  Having malignancy or neurological, rheumatological, and psychiatric disease
             comorbidities

          -  Pregnant
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction