Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Neuro Biomarkers of Smoking Behavior

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age between 21-40 years

          -  Smokers only: Begin smoking within 5 minutes of waking (verified by carbon monoxide
             concentrations greater than 10 ppm).

          -  Non-smokers only: No self-reported cigarette use in the past 1-year period.

          -  Non-smokers only: Carbon monoxide concentration < 6 ppm.

          -  Normal vitals (blood pressure < 120/80 mmHg; heart rate between 60 and 100 bpm, body
             temperature <37 °C)

          -  Point-of-care (POC) blood glucose between 80 and 140 mg/dL

          -  Body mass index between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Use of non-cigarette tobacco products, e-cigarettes, or smoking cessation treatment

          -  Positive urine drug screen test

          -  Current pregnancy (urine test-verified) or lactation, or a plan to become pregnant

          -  Breath Alcohol Concentration >0.00%

          -  Shipley IQ (Intelligence Quotient) test <80

          -  Hyposmic or anosmic individuals (identifying less than 10 of 12 smells correctly)

          -  Abnormal physical exam of the nares

          -  Lifetime DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5) Axis 1
             disorder (except anxiety and depression)

          -  Current DSM-5 Axis depression or anxiety disorder

          -  Prescription medications

          -  Over-the-counter psychotropic medications

          -  Use of any medications administered intranasally

          -  Allergies to any ingredients in intranasal insulin or placebo

          -  Braided hair that would cause noise in EEG recording
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Dual-energy CT in Detecting Bone Marrow Edema of Vertebral Compression Fractures

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Compression fractures (thoracic and lumbar vertebrae)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Age less than 18 years

          -  Pregnancy

          -  Any contraindications to MR imaging.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: COVID-19 Anticoagulation in Children - Thromboprophlaxis (COVAC-TP) Trial

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Birth to <18 years of age; AND

          2. Positive nucleic acid test for SARS-CoV-2 within the past 7 days; AND

          3. Hospitalized, <72 hours post-admission; AND

          4. One or more signs and/or symptoms of COVID-19 illness within the past 72 hours, as
             follows:

               1. Cough; OR

               2. Fever (oral temperature >100.4°F/38°C); OR

               3. Chest pain; OR

               4. Shortness of breath; OR

               5. Myalgia; OR

               6. Acute unexplained loss of smell or taste; OR

               7. New/increased supplemental oxygen requirement; OR

               8. Acute respiratory failure requiring non-invasive or invasive ventilation; OR

               9. Encephalitis.

        Exclusion Criteria:

        An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation
        in this study:

          1. Receiving therapeutic anticoagulation for treatment of a thromboembolic event
             diagnosed within the past 12 weeks; OR

          2. Clinical-relevant bleeding (see criteria under Primary Outcome, below) within the past
             72 hours; OR

          3. Platelet count <50,000/µL within the past 24 hours; OR

          4. Prothrombin time (PT) ≥2 seconds above the upper limit of age-appropriate local
             reference range within the past 24 hours; OR

          5. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≥4 seconds above the upper limit of
             age-appropriate local reference range within the past 24 hours; OR

          6. Fibrinogen level <75 mg/dL; OR

          7. Severe renal impairment, as defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <31
             mL/min/ 1.73 m2, as calculated by the Schwartz formula; OR

          8. Parent or legally authorized representative unwilling to provide informed consent for
             patient participation.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Clot Formation and Clot Stability in Patients With Severe Haemophilia A

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe haemophilia A

          -  Above 17 years old

          -  Thrombocyt count above 100 x 109/l within the past two years

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Received recombinant factor VIII with in the past 3 days

          -  Inhibitor against recombinant factor VIII

          -  HIV-positive

          -  Ongoing treatment for hepatitis C

          -  Known kidney disease

          -  Allergy against Tranexamic acid

          -  Not able to give informed consent
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: The Use Of Domperidone For The Relief Of Refractory Upper Gastrointestinal GI Symptoms

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Males or females who are 18 years of age or older

          2. Symptoms or manifestations secondary to Gastro esophageal reflux disease (GERD) (e.g.,
             persistent esophagitis, heartburn, upper airway signs or symptoms or respiratory
             symptoms), gastrointestinal motility disorders such as nausea, vomiting, severe
             dyspepsia or severe chronic constipation that are refractory to standard therapy.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. i. History of, or current, arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia, ventricular
             fibrillation and Torsade des Pointes. Patients with minor forms of ectopy (PACs) are
             not necessarily excluded.

             ii. Clinically significant bradycardia, sinus node dysfunction, or heart block.

             iii. Prolonged QTc (QTc>450 milliseconds for males, QTc>470 milliseconds for females)

             iv. Clinically significant electrolyte disorders.

          2. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage or obstruction.

          3. Presence of a prolactinoma (prolactin-releasing pituitary tumor).

          4. Pregnant or breast feedings female.

          5. Known allergy to domperidone
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old man comes to the clinic with slowly worsening vision in both eyes.  He is not able to drive at night, as the symptoms are worse at night. His pupils are normal in diameter both in the light and darkness. Other medical history is unremarkable.  Ocular examination shows loss of the red reflex and blurry vision.  Acuity testing shows 50/100 vision in both eyes with normal visual field testing. His blood pressure is 130/70 and pulse is 68/min. the other physical examinations are normal.

Patient's own account: I am a 67 years-old man, and I haven't been able to drive at night due to my vision getting worse. My vision is not the best in general, but night makes it even worse. The ophthalmologist told me that my pupils were normal. However, I have slow reflexes and blurry vision. My acuity test came back with 50/100 vision in both of my eyes. They also took my blood pressure, which was 130/70 with a 68 pulse. My other exams came back just fine.

Clinical trial: Toileting at Night in Older Adults: Light to Maximize Balance, Minimize Insomnia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Aged 55-85

          -  Stable health

          -  Normal color vision

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Alcohol abuse

          -  Depression

          -  Sleep disorders

          -  Smoking

          -  Use of illegal drugs
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 55 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Manual Therapy Effects on Upper and Lower Esophageal Sphincter Pressures

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Gastroesophageal reflux disease

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous gastro- esophageal surgery

          -  Concomitant other chronic disease that would affect esophageal motility

          -  Esophageal structural pathology

          -  Massive hiatus hernia
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.

Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 17-year-old male comes to the office due to several months of right elbow pain.  The pain is worse with activity and limits his workouts and activities.  He has tried over-the-counter medications with limited relief.  Medical history is notable for eczema, and current medications include a topical hydrocortisone ointment.  He is sexually active with his girlfriend and uses condoms. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. He plays tennis most of the days of the week. The comprehensive evaluation shows pain on the lateral side of the elbow, made worse by pressure applied on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and when making a fist with the elbow joint straightened. The patient has this pain since last year and had several courses of physical therapy.

Patient's own account: I'm 17, and I had to go to the doctor because I've been suffering from my right elbow for several months. The pain is even worse when I do sports and it kind of limits me for my workouts and activities. I tried over-the-counter medications but it didn't work much. I had eczema before and my medication is ointments that contain cortisone. I am sexually active as a 17-year-old guy, and I have a girlfriend, and we use condoms. I don't smoke or drink. I play tennis most days of the week. I did an exam that showed pain on the side of my elbow and it was worse when they applied some pressure on it and when I was putting my hand as a fist. I have had this pain since last year, and I had several sessions of physical therapy already.

Clinical trial: Trial of Physiotherapy and Corticosteroid Injections in Lateral Epicondylalgia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Elbow pain for at least 6 weeks and satisfy the widely accepted diagnostic criteria of
             lateral epicondylalgia

          -  Diagnostic criteria are pain over the lateral humeral epicondyle that is provoked by
             gripping activities

          -  Reduced grip strength and increased sensitivity to manual palpation over the lateral
             epicondyle

          -  Reproduction of pain with stretching of the forearm extensor muscles or with specific
             resisted static contraction of extensor carpi radialis brevis is also usually present.

        Exclusion Criteria.

          -  In the preceding 6 months, had consulted a health care practitioner for neck or arm
             pain or injury, other than lateral epicondylalgia, which has prevented participation
             in usual work or recreational activities

          -  Had treatment with physiotherapy or corticosteroid injections for lateral
             epicondylalgia in the preceding 6 months

          -  Upper limb fractures

          -  Diseases of the bone, muscle and nervous systems that preclude treatment by any of the
             treatments being evaluated in the project.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 25-year-old woman comes to the clinic with her roommate.  The roommate says that the patient has twice fallen asleep while they were talking.  The patient has regularly fallen asleep in the afternoon while reading or watching television but typically feels refreshed after a brief nap.  She also reveals that she sometimes hears a voice prior to falling asleep.  She also complains of some episodes of clumsiness that cause her to drop objects or fall. MSLT showed that the sleep latency was less than 8 min and that the patient enters rapid eye movement (REM) sleep almost immediately.

Patient's own account: I brought my roommate to the clinic because she kept falling asleep when we were having a conversation. We're both 25 and usually healthy girls. She usually takes a nap in the afternoon while reading or watching TV, but usually, she is quite energetic afterward. She told me that she sometimes hears a voice before falling asleep. How weird! And sometimes she's the clumsiest! She keeps dropping all her stuff. The doctor did a sleeping test and she found out that it takes her less than 8 min to fall asleep.

Clinical trial: Multimodal Exercise Programs for Falls Prevention: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male or female participants aged ≥65 years;

          -  Community-dwelling older adults;

          -  Older adults who have fallen in the last 6 months or who are at high risk of falling
             (scoring ≤25 points on Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale);

          -  Participation agreement;

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Presence of severe cognitive decline (patients with a Mini-Mental State Examination
             ≤9);

          -  Fracture in one or both lower limbs for less than 4 months;

          -  Diagnosed of health conditions compromising the program participation, such as: severe
             osteoporosis (T ≤ 2.5, with the occurrence of one or more associated osteoporotic
             fractures); hip or knee prostheses; incapacitating cardiovascular conditions;
             epilepsy; cancer or metastases;

          -  Do not wish to participate in the study;
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 65 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: A Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety of Different Doses of Losartan Potassium (MK0954-011)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patient has been diagnosed with mild to moderate hypertension, with supine diastolic
             blood pressure of 100 to 115 mmHg

          -  Patient has no active medical problems other than essential hypertension that might
             affect blood pressure

          -  Patient has received no drug therapy that might affect blood pressure

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Prior exposure to losartan

          -  History of stroke

          -  History of myocardial infarction

          -  Atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation

          -  History of congestive Heart failure

          -  Known Sensitivity to ACE inhibitors

          -  Known positive test for HIV/AIDS or Hepatitis B

          -  Patient is being treated for acute ulcer disease

          -  History of chronic liver disease

          -  Actively treated diabetes mellitis

          -  Any known bleeding or platelet disorder

          -  Absence of one kidney

          -  Women of childbearing potential or who are breastfeeding

          -  Patient is abusing or has a history of alcoholism or drug addiction
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction