Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: The Impact of M1/M2 Tumor Associated Macrophage (TAM) Polarization on Cancer Progression and Prognosis Prediction

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  lung cancer with malignant pleural effusions

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  None
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Symptom Improvements in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Provision of written informed consent

          -  At least 6 months history of Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms

          -  Continuous treatment with Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)

          -  Ability to read and write

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Prior surgery of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract

          -  History of clinically significant diseases other than GERD

          -  Need for concomitant medication with drugs that may influence gastrointestinal
             symptoms
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 17 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 40-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of gritty sensation in her eyes. She also has difficulty swallowing dry foods with no pain or heartburn.  The patient is a schoolteacher and must drink water frequently during lectures due to her mouth dryness.  She also reports occasional joint pain.  Medical history is not significant other than the confirmed Sjogren disease with no other rheumatologic disease.  She is sexually active with her husband and has 2 children both delivered by natural vaginal delivery. She has no history of any kind of surgery. Physical examination shows conjunctival erythema and cracking of the lips. The remainder of the examination and history is normal. Her lab result shows elevated ESR (50 mm/h)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had a terrible gritty sensation in my eyes. It was also hard to swallow dry food, but it didn't burn, and there was no pain. I'm a 40-year-old female school teacher and I should drink water for the lectures because otherwise, my mouth gets really dry. I also have joint pain from time to time. I have been diagnosed with Sjogren disease but no other rheumatologic disease. I have a husband, we're sexually active, and I also have two lovely children that I delivered both naturally. I never undergone any surgery. Physical examination when I came to the clinic, and it showed cracking on my lips and a pink eye. The rest was fine. I also did some lab tests, and they came back with high ESR.

Clinical trial: Immune Profile of Saliva and Serum of Patients With Primary Sjögren´s Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome according to 2016 EULAR/ACR Classification
             Criteria, and healthy people without any rheumatic disease/symptoms of sicca syndrome

          -  Patients regularly followed at the Sjögren's Syndrome outpatient clinic of
             Rheumatology Division

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Use of drugs that cause oral dryness (mainly antidepressants and antihistamines).

          -  Patients with history of head and neck radiation therapy.

          -  Current smoking.

          -  Pregnancy and/or lactation.

          -  History of periodontal treatment for at least 6 months prior to enrollment.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Vital Sign Comparison Between Lifelight and Standard of Care - Development

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  I1. Sufficiently conversant in the English language to satisfy I3.

          -  I2. Able and willing to comply with all study requirements.

          -  I3. Able and willing to provide written informed consent to participate (including by
             parent or legal guardian if under 16 years old).

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  There are no exclusion criteria.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.

Subject must be at least 3 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Observational Study of Long-Term Joint Health Outcome in Hemophilia Patient

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Willing to sign inform consent form and complied with study procedure

          2. Patient received confirmative diagnosis of Hemophilia A Disease

          3. Severe hemophilia A patient currently who are on treatment with Eloctate prior to
             enrolment visit (Note: Prescription based on physician's clinical judgement and
             discussion with patients)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Unwilling to sign inform consent form.

          2. History of major neurological disease (eg. Stroke, Parkinson's disease, neuropathy,
             etc.)

          3. History of major psychiatric disease (eg. Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder)

          4. Significantly impaired vision / hearing

          5. Cannot communicate in Mandarin Chinese

          6. Recent joint bleeding and trauma 3 months prior to study
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism in Obese Young Males

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Males

          -  Age 18-30 years inclusive will be recruited.

        A total of 90 males will be recruited:-

          -  30 obese males (defined as BMI ≥30 kg/m2) with HH,

          -  30 obese males with normal FT concentrations and

          -  30 lean males (defined as BMI <25 kg/m2) with normal FT concentrations.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Use of androgens, clomiphene, hCG, aromatase inhibitors or over the counter health
             supplements which contain androgens currently or in the past 6 months

          -  Hematocrit > 50%

          -  Congestive heart failure

          -  currently suffering from depression

          -  type 1 diabetes

          -  Hepatic disease (transaminase > 3 times normal) or cirrhosis

          -  Renal impairment (eGFR<30 ml/min/1.73m2)

          -  HIV or Hepatitis C positive status

          -  Participation in any other concurrent clinical trial

          -  currently suffering from foot ulcer, significant periodontal disease or any other
             chronic infectious condition
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 30 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: A Prospective Study of Misoprostol Administration in Asymptomatic Patients With Pregnancies of Unknown Location

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  hemodynamically stable women >18 years old with a PUL with abnormal plateauing serum
             βHCG trend

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Hemoglobin<10
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with a history of nosebleeds lasting for 1 hour. She has a history of heavy menses as well as occasional gum bleeding following dental procedures. Her mother also has a history of menorrhagia. Laboratory tests reveal increased bleeding time and slightly increased partial thromboplastin time. She has no other medical conditions and is otherwise healthy. Her coagulation study shows CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL. She is not smoking or using any kind of illicit drugs. She uses alcohol occasionally and is in ra elationship with her boyfriend for the past 2 years.

Patient's own account: I had to rush to the ER because of a non-stop nosebleed that had been on for 1 hour. As a 23-year-old, I always had heavy periods, and sometimes, my gums would bleed after going to the dentist or brushing my teeth. I thought that it was not very alarming since my mom also had heavy periods. I did some lab tests that showed that I had increased bleeding time and long clotting time. Otherwise, I'm pretty healthy, and I don't smoke or take any kind of drugs. I drink only at parties from time to time. I have been with my boyfriend for the last 2 years. I did a coagulation study and I got the following results: CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL.

Clinical trial: COVID-19 Thales Thermography Triage : Thermal Camera Feasibility Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients ≥ 16 years old

          -  Patients able to read and understand English

          -  Patients able to give informed consent

          -  Patients being triaged through ED for any complaint (not necessarily COVID-19)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients not meeting the inclusion criteria

          -  Patients who do not have capacity to consent

          -  Patients attending ED who are fast-tracked without triage
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Urinary Retention After Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair: Comparing the Use of the Intraoperative Urinary Catheter

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  18 years of age or older

          -  Able to give informed consent

          -  Unilateral or bilateral inguinal hernia

          -  Scheduled for elective inguinal hernia repair

          -  Eligible to tolerate general anesthesia

          -  Eligible to undergo minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)

          -  Younger than 18 years old

          -  Unable to give informed consent

          -  Emergent inguinal hernia repairs ( acute incarceration or strangulation)

          -  Unable to tolerate general anesthesia

          -  Not eligible for minimally invasive inguinal hernia repair
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Discriminating Between COVID-19 and Influenza Pneumonitis Using Chest X-Rays

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  flu-like symptoms: myalgia, cough, fever, sputum

          -  Chest X-Rays

          -  COVID-19 biological tests

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  patient refusal

          -  uncertain radiographs

          -  uncertain tests results
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old female has prolonged oral bleeding immediately after a tooth extraction.  Despite several interventions, the bleeding persists for hours and stops only after desmopressin (DDAVP) administration.  The patient has heavy menstrual cycles each month.  She has no other medical problems and takes no medications.  Her mother and grandmother have also had excessive bleeding during menstrual period.  Review of systems is positive for mild bruising on his legs. Laboratory findings reveal a normal platelet count and an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay, as well as CB <= 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C <= 0.40 IU/mL.

Patient's own account: I'm a 23 woman and I went to the ER because of non-stop bleeding after my tooth extraction. I tried to make the bleeding stop but it just kept going for hours and it finally stopped when I took some medication called DDAVP. I usually have heavy periods, just like my mom and grandma had. I don't have any other medical condition and I don't take any other medication. The doctor noticed the bruises on my legs. I had to do some lab tests. I had a normal platelet count but an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay. I had low CB and FVIII:C levels.

Clinical trial: National Study of Moderate and Severe Von Willebrand Disease in the Netherlands

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. haemorrhagic symptoms or a family history of von Willebrand disease

          2. vWF antigen ≤ 30%, lowest measurement counts and/or vWF activity (vWF:RCo of vWF:CB) ≤
             30%, lowest measurement counts and/or FVIII:C ≤ 40 %, lowest measurement counts

          3. being known in a hemophilia treatment center or if only the diagnose is made in a
             hemophilia treatment center this must be done after 1987

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Hemophilia A

          2. Carriership of hemophilia A

          3. No informed consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment