Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Operative vs. Conservative Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Danish National Guidelines for operative treatment of distal radius fractures

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients treated with plaster in Arm1/control group who unexpectedly requires surgery
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 65 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Study Comparing the Effects of Esomeprazole Adminstered Orally and Intravenously on Basal and Pentrigastrin-stimulated Acid Output in Subjects With Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Heartburn on 2 out of the last 7 days prior to screening or a diagnosis of GERD (with
             or without a diagnosis of Erosive eosphagitis).

          -  Body Mass Index within the limits specified in the protocol

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  History of esophageal, duodenal or gastric surgery

          -  History of severe liver disease.

          -  Any other significant disease or pathology judged to be clinically significant by the
             investigator
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Taste Disorders in Middle Ear Disease and After Middle Ear Surgery

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients that undergoes primary middle ear surgery due to chronic otitis media,
             cholesteatoma and otosclerosis

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Not primary surgery

          -  Not able to participate
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: COVID-19 Patients Admitted to the ICU

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Adults

          -  Positive PCR test for COVID-19

          -  Require admission to ICU

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Pediatric patients\

          -  Any patient not requiring admission to ICU
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 17-year-old male comes to the office due to several months of right elbow pain.  The pain is worse with activity and limits his workouts and activities.  He has tried over-the-counter medications with limited relief.  Medical history is notable for eczema, and current medications include a topical hydrocortisone ointment.  He is sexually active with his girlfriend and uses condoms. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. He plays tennis most of the days of the week. The comprehensive evaluation shows pain on the lateral side of the elbow, made worse by pressure applied on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and when making a fist with the elbow joint straightened. The patient has this pain since last year and had several courses of physical therapy.

Patient's own account: I'm 17, and I had to go to the doctor because I've been suffering from my right elbow for several months. The pain is even worse when I do sports and it kind of limits me for my workouts and activities. I tried over-the-counter medications but it didn't work much. I had eczema before and my medication is ointments that contain cortisone. I am sexually active as a 17-year-old guy, and I have a girlfriend, and we use condoms. I don't smoke or drink. I play tennis most days of the week. I did an exam that showed pain on the side of my elbow and it was worse when they applied some pressure on it and when I was putting my hand as a fist. I have had this pain since last year, and I had several sessions of physical therapy already.

Clinical trial: Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Kinesio Taping in Patients With Lateral Epicondylitis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Aged 19 to 72

          -  Enough cognitive ability to fill clinical assessment forms

          -  Agreed to participate in the study

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe or progressive neurological deficits

          -  Severe psychiatric disease history, substance and/or alcohol dependence,

          -  Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, malignancy, osteoporosis

          -  A history of inflammatory or infectious disease

          -  A skin allergy story

          -  Previously undergone physical therapy due to lateral epicondylitis
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 19 Years old.
Subject must be at most 72 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 2-year-old boy is brought to the office by his parents due to a rash that started 1 week ago.  A similar red, itchy rash on the cheeks, trunk, and arms has occurred intermittently since infancy.  The patient has had a few upper respiratory infections but no major illnesses.  Vaccinations are up to date, and he takes no medications. He is on a balanced diet, and he is healthy in appearance.  Vital signs and milestone examination are within normal limits.  Similar findings are observed on the cheeks and proximal upper extremities.  The diaper area is clear, and no mucosal lesions are present.

Patient's own account: I just brought my two-year-old son to the doctor's office because he had a rash for like one week. His rash was on the cheeks, the trunk, and his arms. He already had this before, and it keeps coming back from time to time to time. In the past, he had some respiratory infections but he has never been this sick. His vaccinations are up to date, and he doesn't take any medication. He's healthy with a nice diet. The doctor told me his vitals and milestone examinations were normal. The doctor also said there was a rash around the cheek and the upper part of his arms. The diaper area is okay, and there are no lesions.

Clinical trial: Steroid-reducing Effects of Crisaborole

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

          -  Children aged 2 or older (<18).

          -  Diagnosed with atopic dermatitis.

          -  At baseline, AD is mild to moderate (score of 2 [mild] to 3 [moderate]) on the
             Investigator's Global Assessment scale (IGA; scores range 0-4, higher indicates
             greater severity).

        Exclusion criteria:

          -  Known allergy to a constituent of the studied products (crisaborole, vehicle,
             Aquaphor, topical steroids [hydrocortisone 2.5% ointment and triamcinolone acetonide
             0.1% ointment]).

          -  At baseline, AD is severe (score of 4 [severe] on the IGA scale).

          -  Medical problems which interfere with completion of protocols in this study.

          -  Pregnant or lactating females. (Females who have experienced menarche will be required
             to take a urine pregnancy test.)

          -  Participant is enrolled in another research study.

          -  Participant or participant's guardian(s) are unable to follow instructions as required
             in this study.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 2 Years old.
Subject must be at most 17 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Correlation of the Inflammatory Parameters With Pain and Radiological Findings in Coxarthrosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Being diagnosed with hip osteoarthritis

          -  Being aged at 45 years or older

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Not accept being participation in the study.

          -  Having any systemic disease like the diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary after
             disease

          -  Having any inflammatory rheumatologic disease

          -  Having any disease that prevent to participate the study like mental retardation,
             dementia and psychotic disorders.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 57-year-old man comes to the emergency department due to constipation.  His last bowel movement was 2 days ago. He complains of spending about 30 minutes once attempting to defecate. He also has lower back pain.  There is no history of trauma. The pain is not relieved with over-the-counter pain medications.  His vital signs are within normal limits.  Examination shows low back pain that is worse with back flexion and raising of the legs; it radiates into his left leg.  Pinprick in the perianal area does not cause rapid contraction of the anal sphincter.  The rest of the neurologic examination is normal. He is suspected of Cauda Equina syndrome and referred to a spinal MRI.

Patient's own account: I'm a 57 year-old-man, and I had to go to the ER because I couldn't go defecate. My last trip to the toilet was 2 days ago, and I tried too many times, during 30 min, to get my poop to get out. I also have terrible lower back pain. The doctor did not notice any trauma. I tried to get the pain away using over-the-counter medications, but it simply did not work! Back in the ER my vitals were normal. My pain was even more intense with back flexion, and when I raised my legs, it radiated into my left leg. The doctor did an anus exam where he had to pinch it and it was not reacting! However the rest of my neurologic exam was normal. The doctor suspects a Cauda Equina syndrome and referred me to a spinal MRI.

Clinical trial: Autoantibodies on Spinal Cord Injury

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Traumatic or non-progressive vascular SCI

          -  Less than 45 days after lesion

          -  Any neurological level

          -  Complete and incomplete lesions

          -  If patient has been treated with glucocorticoids, it should have passed at least 7
             days from the end of the treatment

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Cauda equina syndrome

          -  Autoimmune disorder

          -  Tumor (even if benign)

          -  Neurodegenerative disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Autologous Intrauterine Platelet-Rich Plasma Instillation And Endometrial Scratching for Thinned Endometrium

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Endometrial thickness < 7 mm under estrogen replacement therapy or repeated implantation
        failure Age between 18 and 38years

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Age < 18 and > 46 years Pregnancy Bleeding diathesis Previous uterine surgery (miomectomy,
        cesarean section, etc...) Platelet count < 105/μL Hemoglobin < 10 g/dL Presence of a tumor
        in the wound bed or metastatic disease Current diagnosis of cancer Other concomitant active
        infections Other factors of infertility ( PCO, tubal block, congenital anomalies, genetic
        malformation, male infertility)
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 38 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Safety and Efficacy of Somatropin in Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosis of short stature (height maximum 2 standard deviations of mean for age and
             gender) or inadequate growth deemed secondary to growth hormone deficiency (GHD)

          -  Naïve to growth hormone therapy

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Known or suspected allergy to the trial product or related products

          -  Growth retardation attributable to causes other than GHD. Growth retardation
             attributable to diabetes mellitus, inborn errors of metabolism, primary bone disease,
             chromosomal disorders or disease of the genitourinary, cardiopulmonary,
             gastrointestinal or central nervous system; bone marrow transplantation or any
             syndrome known to give short stature (examples are: Prader-Willi Syndrome,
             Russell-Silver Syndrome, Turner Syndrome, Noonan Syndrome)

          -  Intrauterine growth retardation: birth weight below 3rd percentile, adjusted for
             gestational age

          -  Pregnancy or the intention to become pregnant

          -  Breast-feeding

          -  Administration of other growth-altering medication
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 3 Years old.
Subject must be at most 17 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the clinic for his routine checkup. The patient wears glasses for myopia and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the patient is tall with long upper extremities and fingers.  The face appears narrow with down-slanted palpebral fissures, flattened malar bones, and a small jaw.  The lungs are clear on auscultation.  The abdomen is soft with no organomegaly. The patient is diagnosed with Marfan syndrome, and he is cooperative with his medical appointments. He is working as driver.

Patient's own account: I'm a 20-year-old guy, working as a driver and I went to the clinic for my routine checkup. I have myopia, so I wear glasses and I don't take any other medications. My vitals were normal. I also did a physical exam, and I was told that I have long legs, arms, and fingers. They also told me that my face is quite narrow, with down-slanted eyes and a small jaw. My lungs were fine and my tummy too. I have been diagnosed with Marfan syndrome and I haven't been skipping any medical appointments since.

Clinical trial: Comparison of Medical Therapies in Marfan Syndrome.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Ages 16-60 years old with no treatment or β-blocker or other monotherapy only for
             Marfan syndrome

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous aortic dissection or aortic surgery

          -  Severe valvular regurgitation

          -  Aortic diameter at the sinotubular junction ≥ 5.0cm

          -  Contraindications to specific drug treatment, e.g. asthma and β-blocker

          -  Those who were pregnant or at risk of pregnancy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.
Subject must be at most 60 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment