Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: A Trial on Treatments of Hirschsprung Allied Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  hard or firm stools for twice or less per week

          -  a predicting score of less than 5 refer to literature: Wu, X.J., et al., A new
             diagnostic scoring system to differentiate Hirschsprung's disease from Hirschsprung's
             disease-allied disorders in patients with suspected intestinal dysganglionosis. Int J
             Colorectal Dis, 2013. 28(5): p. 689-96

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  functional constipation

          -  a predicting score of more than 5 refer to literature: Wu, X.J., et al., A new
             diagnostic scoring system to differentiate Hirschsprung's disease from Hirschsprung's
             disease-allied disorders in patients with suspected intestinal dysganglionosis. Int J
             Colorectal Dis, 2013. 28(5): p. 689-96
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 1 Year old.
Subject must be at most 14 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Clinical Trial

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Participants must have Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy diagnosis as confirmed by licensed
             physician, wheelchair bound, & age 8 - 20 years old.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Active cancer in the area of application of the treatment, infection, skin infection,
             pregnancy, thrombophlebitis, pacemaker, amputation of any part of feet or hands,
             taking steroids. In addition, the participant may not be in any other clinical trial
             during the time they are in this study.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 8 Years old.
Subject must be at most 20 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Response Surface Pathway Design With Two Interventional- and One Response Variable in Estimating Minimum Efficacy Dose

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Clinical diagnosed Gastroesophigual Reflux Disease

          -  Known effect of anti-reflux medication

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Hiatus hernia ≥5 cm

          -  gastric ulcer

          -  cancer

          -  uncontrolled bacterial, viral, fungal or parasite infection.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: Safety and Biomarker Study of EPI-589 in Participants With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosis of possible, probable, laboratory supported probable, or definite ALS by E1
             Escorial Criteria

          -  Forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 70% of predicted

          -  Weakness onset within 3 years

          -  Agreement to use contraception if within reproductive years

          -  Willingness and ability to comply with study procedures

          -  Stable regimen of dietary supplements and /or riluzole for at least 30 days prior to
             enrollment

          -  Abstention from use of other investigative or non-approved drugs

          -  Participants must be able to swallow 0.375 * 0.700 inch tablets

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Allergy to EPI-589

          -  Use of ventilation

          -  Participation in other intervention studies

          -  Diagnosis of any other neurologic disease

          -  Malignancy within the past 2 years

          -  History of stroke

          -  History of brain surgery

          -  Hepatic insufficiency with liver function tests (LFTs) greater than 3 times upper
             limit of normal (ULN)

          -  Renal insufficiency requiring dialysis

          -  End stage cardiac failure

          -  Participation in a trial of a device, drug, or other therapy for ALS within 3 months
             of screening or during the trial
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Hesperidin and Diosmin for Treatment of COVID-19

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Confirmed cases of Covid-19 (all by RT-PCR) Newly diagnosed asymptomatic or with upper
        respiratory tract infection (URTI) patients who will present with rhinitis, pharyngitis, or
        isolated low-grade fever and myalgia, Adult (18-65 Years old) Both sexes

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Patients with bleeding disorders Patients with low to very low blood pressure Patients
        after surgery Immunocompromised patients taking medication upon screening
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Registry of COVID-19 Patients at AOUI Verona

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  PCR for SARS-CoV 2 positive on NPS swab or high suspicion of SARS-CoV 2 with ongoing
             swab;

          -  All ages;

          -  All genders;

          -  Informed consent obtained.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Failure to obtain the informed consent.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.




Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Study of the Long-term Effects of Exercise on Heath Indicators in Older People

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Older adults living independently;

          -  medical approval.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Non-smokers;

          -  Non-morbidly obese;

          -  No history of severe hypertension;

          -  No history of falls;

          -  No orthopaedic, neurological, pulmonary, or cardiac problems.
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 65 Years old.
Subject must be at most 79 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 17-year-old male comes to the office due to several months of right elbow pain.  The pain is worse with activity and limits his workouts and activities.  He has tried over-the-counter medications with limited relief.  Medical history is notable for eczema, and current medications include a topical hydrocortisone ointment.  He is sexually active with his girlfriend and uses condoms. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. He plays tennis most of the days of the week. The comprehensive evaluation shows pain on the lateral side of the elbow, made worse by pressure applied on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and when making a fist with the elbow joint straightened. The patient has this pain since last year and had several courses of physical therapy.

Patient's own account: I'm 17, and I had to go to the doctor because I've been suffering from my right elbow for several months. The pain is even worse when I do sports and it kind of limits me for my workouts and activities. I tried over-the-counter medications but it didn't work much. I had eczema before and my medication is ointments that contain cortisone. I am sexually active as a 17-year-old guy, and I have a girlfriend, and we use condoms. I don't smoke or drink. I play tennis most days of the week. I did an exam that showed pain on the side of my elbow and it was worse when they applied some pressure on it and when I was putting my hand as a fist. I have had this pain since last year, and I had several sessions of physical therapy already.

Clinical trial: Influence of Microcurrent Parameters on Effectiveness in Treatment of Chronic Tennis Elbow

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  symptoms of tennis elbow for at least 3 months

          -  clinical diagnosis of tennis elbow

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  significant symptom improvement in previous month

          -  receipt of any active treatment for the condition in the previous month

          -  currently under the care of another health professional for tennis elbow

          -  current cervical radiculopathy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication in Post-POEM GERD

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age greater than 18 years old

          -  Able to sign consent

          -  Patients must meet standard clinical indications for POEM procedure (all indications)
             for the initial enrollment

          -  To undergo TIF: Evidence of GERD/GERD related complications after POEM:

          -  pathologic acid exposure on pH testing (Deemester score >14.72 or percentage time pH
             <4 greater than 5.3%) off of PPI (19)

          -  esophagitis on EGD (grades A to C)

          -  biopsies showing evidence of reflux esophagitis

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Adults unable to consent

          -  Pregnant women - Prisoners

          -  Delayed gastric emptying

          -  Code status of DNR/DNI or CMO

          -  Any patient with moderate to severe esophagitis pre-POEM

          -  Grade D esophagitis post POEM

          -  Hiatal hernia >2cm

          -  PPI use prior to POEM (and if PPI is needed)

          -  Previous surgery of the stomach

          -  Known GI malignancy

          -  Cirrhosis with portal hypertension, varices, or ascites

          -  Previous anti-reflux surgery

          -  Patients who choose not to undergo TIF or if insurance will not cover the procedure.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 64 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 27-year-old woman comes to the dermatology clinic with skin rash and oral ulcers.  The rashes are mildly itchy. The patient has no other medical conditions and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On examination, there are pink papules symmetrically distributed over the anterior surfaces of the shins and ankles. There are some white ulcerated papules on her buccal mucosa. She is in relationship with her boyfriend and has only one sexual partner. Her boyfriend uses condoms. She smokes 1 to 2 cigarettes a day and drinks a beer daily. Biopsy reveals prominent hyperkeratosis with a thickened granular layer.  There is an infiltration of mononuclear cells in the superficial dermis that involves the overlying epidermis. The rete ridges have a sawtooth appearance.

Patient's own account: I went to the dermatologist because I had rashes on my skin and ulcers in my mouth. The rashes were not that itchy. I don't get it! I'm 27, I don't take medication, nor I don't have any other illnesses. My vitals were normal. My doc told me there were pink spots on the back of my throat. I'm heterosexual and have been only with my boyfriend and he uses condoms. I smoke 1 or 2 cigarettes a day and I drink a beer to accompany it. I had a biopsy and it showed some thick and grainy skin texture. The doc said it's an immune reaction.

Clinical trial: Dexamethasone Solution and Dexamethasone in Mucolox™

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age 18 years and older.

          -  Patients with symptomatic biopsy proven Oral Inflammatory Ulcerative Diseases (worst
             VAS sensitivity score ≥ 7 over the last week).

          -  Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients already on topical or systemic steroids.

          -  Inability to comply with study instructions.

          -  Uncontrolled intercurrent illness or psychiatric illness/social situations that would
             limit compliance with study requirements.

          -  VAS sensitivity score < 7.

          -  Pregnant women. A urine pregnancy test will be performed for women of child bearing
             potential.

          -  Allergy to fluconazole.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study on the Application of the Third Space in the Operation of Gastric Submucosal Tumor

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients without contraindications gastroscope，surgery and anesthesia;

          -  Gastroscope found submucosal lesions, qualitative hard;Endoscopic ultrasonography
             (EUS) confirmed the lesions come from the muscularis propria;

          -  Tumors diameter > 2 cm;Or tumors had < 2 cm, but the position is located in the
             stomach wall, after nearly cardia and it is a difficult position for gastroscope ;

          -  Tumors diameter < 5 cm, the tumors had complete, no broken feed and bleeding;

          -  Not found the tumor metastasis;

          -  There is no history of abdominal surgery, no severe abdominal cavity adhesion

          -  Normal coagulation function;

          -  There is no history of anticoagulant drugs, or who take aspirin, salvia miltiorrhiza,
             etc., should stop taking drugs for more than one week;

          -  Patients and their families volunteered choice the surgical procedure and signed
             informed consent.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with preoperative assessment of distant metastasis;

          -  Patients with preoperative radiation and chemotherapy or hormone therapy;

          -  Patients with acute obstruction, bleeding or perforation of the emergency surgery;

          -  Patients with a history of abdominal trauma or abdominal surgery;

          -  Patients with contraindications gastroscope，surgery and anesthesia.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment