Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: Febuxostat-Controlled, Double-Blind, Comparative Study of FYU-981 in Hyperuricemia With or Without Gout

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Serum urate level:

               -  >= 7.0mg/dL in patients with gouty nodule or with history of gout, or >= 8.0mg/dL
                  in patients with hypertension, diabetes or metabolic syndrome, or >= 9.0mg/dL

          -  Disease type in the classification of hyperuricemia: Uric acid-underexcretion type or
             mixed type

          -  Outpatients

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Gouty arthritis within 14 days before randomized allocation

          -  Secondary hyperuricemia

          -  HbA1c: >= 8.4%

          -  Clinically significant cardiac, hepatic, renal, hematologic or endocrine disease

          -  Kidney calculi or clinically significant urinary calculi

          -  AST: >= 100 IU/L or ALT: >= 100 IU/L

          -  eGFR: < 30 mL/min/1.73m^2

          -  Systolic blood pressure: >= 180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure: >= 110 mmHg
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: A Clinical Evaluation of COVID-19 Rapid Point of Care Antigen Tests

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Provision of verbal informed consent form

          -  Subject is suspected case of COVID-19 by clinical criteria a patient with acute
             respiratory tract infection (sudden onset of at least one of the following: cough,
             fever, shortness of breath, fatigue, decreased appetite, myalgia)

          -  No other etiology that fully explains the clinical presentation

          -  With or without a history of close contact with a confirmed or probable COVID-19 case
             in the last 14 days prior to onset of symptoms.

          -  Subject is an appropriate candidate for Nasopharyngeal sample collection

          -  Subject is willing to provide nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples

        Exclusion Criteria:

        • Individuals who present to ER with 10 or greater days of COVID-19 Related Symptoms,
        (Fever, Cough, Fatigue, Decreased Appetite, Shortness of Breath, Myalgia) or
        post-defervescence and/or convalescence
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: New Moves - Obesity Prevention Among Adolescent Girls

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  High school girls

          -  Low levels of physical activity - defined as being in precontemplation, contemplation,
             or preparation stages of change for physical activity with activity levels at, or
             below, 30 minutes per day/three days per week outside of school physical education
             class

          -  Priority will be given to girls with a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to
             the 75th percentile for age and gender

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  BMI less than the 25th percentile for age and gender
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 14 Years old.
Subject must be at most 19 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 33-year-old woman comes to clinic complaining of progressive fatigue, decreased appetite, and 11-lb weight loss in the past 2 months.  She uses levothyroxine because of the previously diagnosed Hashimoto disease. She has no other medical conditions and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Physical examination shows a generalized increase in pigmentation of the skin.  Measurement of serum cortisol before and after administration of exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) shows no difference in the levels. Stable glucocorticoid replacement therapy starts for her with the diagnosis for primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I was really suffering from fatigue and decreased appetite and I also lost 11 pounds over the past two months. I'm just 33 years old so that's not normal, especially for a woman. I take levothyroxine because I have been diagnosed with Hashimoto disease. I don't have any other medical condition, and I don't smoke I don't drink, and I don't do drugs. They also did my physical examination and they saw that I had an increase in pigmentation of my skin. They measured my cortisol level before and after giving me some ACTH hormone, and the results came back with no difference whatsoever. The doctor told me I have Addison disease and put me under glucocorticoid therapy.

Clinical trial: Study to Investigate Adrenal Crisis (Six-year Follow-up)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Chronic primary or secondary adrenal insufficiency; hormone replacement therapy with
             glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone, cortisone acetat, prednisone or prednisolone)

          -  Written informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Adrenal insufficiency due to adrenocortical carcinoma

          -  Adrenal insufficiency due to long-term pharmacological glucocorticoid treatment

          -  Glucocorticoid doses above 7.5 mg prednisolone equivalent for other reasons than
             adrenal insufficiency

          -  Age younger than 18 years
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old man comes to the clinic with slowly worsening vision in both eyes.  He is not able to drive at night, as the symptoms are worse at night. His pupils are normal in diameter both in the light and darkness. Other medical history is unremarkable.  Ocular examination shows loss of the red reflex and blurry vision.  Acuity testing shows 50/100 vision in both eyes with normal visual field testing. His blood pressure is 130/70 and pulse is 68/min. the other physical examinations are normal.

Patient's own account: I am a 67 years-old man, and I haven't been able to drive at night due to my vision getting worse. My vision is not the best in general, but night makes it even worse. The ophthalmologist told me that my pupils were normal. However, I have slow reflexes and blurry vision. My acuity test came back with 50/100 vision in both of my eyes. They also took my blood pressure, which was 130/70 with a 68 pulse. My other exams came back just fine.

Clinical trial: Clinical and Genetic Studies in Families With Myopia and Related Diseases

Eligibility criteria:
-  INCLUSION CRITERIA:

               1. Individuals or family members of individuals with myopia, either congenital,
                  childhood, or older.

               2. Adults must be capable of providing their own consent.

               3. All subjects must be able to cooperate with study examination and phlebotomy.

               4. Older than 4 years of age.

        EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

          1. Diseases, infections, or trauma that mimic primary myopia.

          2. Children requiring sedation for study procedures.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 4 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: A Study of LY3202626 on Disease Progression in Participants With Mild Alzheimer's Disease Dementia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Present with mild AD dementia based on the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and the
             Alzheimer's Association (AA) disease diagnostic criteria as determined by a qualified
             clinician approved by the Sponsor or designee.

          -  Mini-Mental State Examination score of 20 to 26 inclusive at screening visit.

          -  Has a florbetapir PET scan consistent with the presence of amyloid pathology at
             screening.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Significant neurological disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS), other
             than AD, that may affect cognition or ability to complete the study, including but not
             limited to, other dementias, serious infection of the brain, Parkinson's disease,
             multiple concussions, or epilepsy or recurrent seizures (except febrile childhood
             seizures).

          -  Ocular pathology that significantly limits ability to reliably evaluate vision or the
             retina.

          -  Use of strong inducers of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A).

          -  Sensitivity to florbetapir or ¹⁸F-AV-1451.

          -  Contraindication to MRI or PET or poor venous access for blood draws.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 55 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Trial of Hydroxychloroquine In Covid-19 Kinetics

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Symptoms occurring within 3 days prior to patient presenting to USA Facility for PCR
             nasopharyngeal swab

          -  Nasopharyngeal swab positive for Covid-19 infection and/or exposure and/or symptoms
             congruent with fever and cough

          -  Male or Female age 19 to 89 years

          -  Able to take oral medications

          -  Patients not requiring hospitalization

          -  Provision of informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Known history of EKG QTc prolongation abnormality

          -  Contraindication or allergy to hydroxychloroquine

          -  Retinal eye disease

          -  Known glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency

          -  Known chronic kidney disease, stage 4 or 5 or receiving dialysis

          -  Weight < 40 kg

          -  Current use of: hydroxychloroquine or cardiac medicines of: flecainide, Tambocor;
             amiodarone, Cordarone, Pacerone; digoxin or Digox, Digitek, Lanoxin; procainamide or
             Procan, Procanbid, propafenone, Rythmal)

          -  Known hepatic disease (cirrhosis, hepatitis)

          -  Active treatment for cancer (chemotherapy, radiation, surgery within 3 months

          -  On immunosuppressive drugs steroids, antirejection medications.

          -  Recipient of solid organ transplant

          -  Pregnancy/breastfeeding

          -  Past medical history Porphyria (may exacerbate disease)

          -  PMH Psoariasis (can worsen disease)

          -  No access to internet or email

          -  Current suicidal thoughts according to Columbia scale

          -  In the screening process before signing consent, subjects will be asked if they are
             suicidal. If this response is yes, patients will be excluded from trial and directed
             to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 19 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Genotropin Treatment In Very Young Children Born Small For Gestational Age

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Caucasian male or female subjects aged between 19-29 months at Screening Visit 1.

        Born SGA (birth length and/or weight <-2 SD for gestational age, using country-specific
        standards).

        Height below -2.5 SD at screening (19-29 months of age). At least one measurement of length
        between 12 and 18 months of age. Normal karyotype in girls to exclude Turners syndrome.

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Severe Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) (birth length below - 4 SD for gestational
        age), if associated with dysmorphic features.

        Severe prematurity (Gestational Age (GA) <32 weeks of gestation). Ongoing catch-up growth
        (defined as growth velocity SDS at inclusion >0) based on at least 4 months measurement
        interval).

        Severe familial short stature defined as: Father's height below 155 cm or mother's height
        below 145 cm.

        Defined neurological defects and/or severe neurodevelopmental delay.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 19 Months old.
Subject must be at most 29 Months

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Therapy in Knee Osteoarthrosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Osteoarthrosis of the knee(s)

          -  Moderately severe (grade 1-2)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Prior knee surgery

          -  Implanted metallic devices
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the clinic for his routine checkup. The patient wears glasses for myopia and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the patient is tall with long upper extremities and fingers.  The face appears narrow with down-slanted palpebral fissures, flattened malar bones, and a small jaw.  The lungs are clear on auscultation.  The abdomen is soft with no organomegaly. The patient is diagnosed with Marfan syndrome, and he is cooperative with his medical appointments. He is working as driver.

Patient's own account: I'm a 20-year-old guy, working as a driver and I went to the clinic for my routine checkup. I have myopia, so I wear glasses and I don't take any other medications. My vitals were normal. I also did a physical exam, and I was told that I have long legs, arms, and fingers. They also told me that my face is quite narrow, with down-slanted eyes and a small jaw. My lungs were fine and my tummy too. I have been diagnosed with Marfan syndrome and I haven't been skipping any medical appointments since.

Clinical trial: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Marfan Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age 18-40

          -  Diagnosis of Marfan Syndrome, on the basis of the Ghent Criteria

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Age <18, >40

          -  Women of child-bearing potential not on adequate contraception

          -  Serum creatinine of >0.11

          -  A history of intolerance to ACEI

          -  Patients on angiotensin receptor blockers

          -  Blood pressure >140/90mmHg

          -  History of previous aortic surgery
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman

Clinical trial: Changes of Bone Turnover Markers and Bone Mineral Density After Osteoporosis Treatment

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Osteoporosis

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Kidney, parathyroid, congenital bone metabolic disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment