Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Testing of a New Scale Measuring Medical Outcomes of Dysphagia (MOD) in Adult Patients With Swallowing Disorders

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Adult (18+ years)

          -  Any disease etiology, including but not limited to: previous or current diagnosis of
             head and neck cancer (treatment may include surgery, radiation or chemotherapy, or a
             combination of more than one), stroke, cervical spine abnormality, brain tumour,
             cardiovascular surgery, and Parkinson's disease

          -  Current diagnosis of dysphagia, as determined by a speech language pathologist

          -  English-speaking

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  No dysphagia

          -  Cognitive impairment

          -  Limited fluency in English
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor and Mosapride on Acid Pocket in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with diagnosed GERD(gastro-esophageal reflux disease), defined by the
             presence of oesophagitis obtained during a previous upper endoscopy or typical GERD
             symptoms(heartburn, acid reflux).

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  who had organic gastrointestinal disease including inflammatory bowel disease, cancer
             and ulcer

          -  who took drugs which could affect evaluation of the treatment; other PPIs, H2RAs(H2
             receptor antagonists), prokinetics,mucosal protective agents, antacids, cholinergic
             and anticholinergic agents, and antidepressants for at least 4 weeks prior to study
             start

          -  who had severe systemic diseases including hepatic and nephrotic disease

          -  who had previous gastrectomy history

          -  who was in state of pregnancy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Comparison of Lornoxicam and Paracetamol for Pre-emptive Intravenous Analgesia for Elective Inguinal Hernia Repair

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  inguinal hernia

          -  unilateral hernia

          -  general anesthesia

          -  elective repair

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  drug allergy

          -  bilateral hernia

          -  local anesthesia

          -  local blockade

          -  regional anesthesia

          -  emergency surgery

          -  complicated hernia

          -  recurrent hernia
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Promoting CSD500 Use Among Women in Established Relationships

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria (for women):

          -  Not currently using a modern contraceptive method other than condoms or intending to
             start using a modern contraceptive method other than condoms in the next 6 months;

          -  Willing to use assigned study condoms as the sole method of contraception for the next
             six months;

          -  Not breastfeeding;

          -  Not known to be pregnant;

          -  Want to avoid pregnancy for at least the next six months; and

          -  Be in a monogamous relationship for at least the past six months with her current male
             partner.

        Exclusion Criteria (for couples):

        Couples are ineligible for study participation if either person in the couple is known to
        be HIV-positive or has any of the following contraindications to CSD500 use:

          -  History of low blood pressure or heart condition;

          -  Current use of medication for anemia, blood pressure, erectile dysfunction, migraines,
             headaches or glaucoma;

          -  Inflamed or broken skin that the condom could come into contact with; or

          -  Latex allergy or sensitivity.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 45 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Is the Concentration of Anti-Muellerian Hormon (AMH) Depending on the Menstrual Cycle?

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Regular natural menstrual cycle between 24 and 32 days

          -  Body Mass Index (BMI) between 19 and 26 kg/m2

          -  Negative serum titer for HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C

          -  Non-smoker

          -  Willingness to visit the clinic every second day of two non-consecutive menstrual
             cycles.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Intake of hormonal medication like contraceptives

          -  Pregnancy/breast feeding

          -  Known infertility

          -  Known former or actual hormonal disorder

          -  Polycystic ovarial syndrom (PCOS)

          -  Participation on another clinical trial during the last 3 months.
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 40 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Chronic Pain After Groin Hernia Repair

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

          -  Unilateral, elective, groin hernia repair

        Exclusion criteria:

          -  Bilateral hernia repair

          -  Emergent repair (<24h of duration with signs of incarceration)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 15 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Behavioral Change Communication (BCC) to Promote Physical Activity Among Females With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Attending Diabetic Clinic

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  females 30to 65yrs. with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus.

          -  Attending Diabetic clinic at a tertiary level hospital(medical college
             Thiruvananthapuram)

          -  on oral hypoglycemics

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  only one patient from one family

          -  H/o myocardial infarction

          -  nephropathy

          -  autonomic neuropathy

          -  severe limiting osteo arthritis

          -  pregnancy

          -  Mental incompetence
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 30 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Mixed Methods Assessment of Exercises for Knee OA

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Patients must elicit 3 of the 6 symptoms to be included:

          -  forty five years of age and over.

          -  stiffness for less than thirty minutes;

          -  crepitus;

          -  bony tenderness;

          -  bony enlargement;

          -  no palpable joint warmth.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  previous lower limb joint injection within three months;

          -  previous hip or knee joint replacement;

          -  any severe cognitive, cardio- respiratory, musculoskeletal or neurological - diagnosis
             that prevents participants from exercising;

          -  insoles or braces;

          -  ligament instability;

          -  participants with a body mass index (BMI) over 40 will be issued with a choice of
             completing in the study or being managed by the National Health Service weight
             management service;

          -  other minor health related issues will be assessed prior to the commencement of the
             study to ensure safe practice.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of dizziness.  She also has occasional nausea and ringing in her right ear.  The patient also has difficulty hearing while holding her phone to the left ear, although hearing in her right ear is normal.  The dizziness improves spontaneously, and she feels fine between episodes.  Past medical history is notable for hypothyroidism and low vit D level, for which she is using Levothyroxine and Vit D pearl.  She does not use tobacco or drink alcohol. Physical examination shows sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear. She has only one-man sexual partner and menopaused 2 years ago.

Patient's own account: The other day, I had to go to the clinic due to severe dizziness. I'm 47 years old, and I've been suffering from nausea and ringing in my right ear. I also have difficulty hearing in my left ear while I hold my phone, even if my hearing in my right ear is normal. The dizziness just gets me all of a sudden but I don't have any symptoms in between 2 episodes. I suffer from hypothyroidism and low vitamin D levels. So I take Levothyrox and vitamin D pearl. I don't smoke or drink. They conducted a physical exam and said I had hearing loss in my left ear. My only partner is my husband, and I'm menopause for 2 years now.

Clinical trial: Proof of Concept Study of EMBalance Decision Support System to Evaluate Balance Disorders

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Be capable of understanding the information provided

          -  Absence of dementia/uncontrolled psychiatric disorder

          -  Vertigo or chronic dizziness exacerbated by head movements (<12 months)

          -  Sub-acute presentation of dizziness (up to 3 months) without presenting to emergency
             services

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects with learning disability or dementia

          -  Patients with uncontrolled psychiatric disorders

          -  Pregnant and breastfeeding women

          -  Patients' incapable or unwilling to give informed consent.

          -  Patients with acute vestibular disorders (present at Accident and Emergency).
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the clinic due to nonproductive cough and progressive dyspnea.  The patient's medical conditions include hypertension, hypercholesteremia and peptic ulcer disease.  He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 30 years.  On examination, there are decreased breath sounds and percussive dullness at the base of the left lung.  Other vital signs are normal. Abdomen is soft without tenderness. CT scan shows a left-sided pleural effusion and nodular thickening of the pleura. The plural fluid was bloody on thoracentesis. Biopsy shows proliferation of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Patient's own account: I am 61 and I had to go to the clinic because I couldn't stop coughing and I experienced some breath shortness. I suffer from hypertension and cholesterol and I also have a stomach ulcer. I should admit that I've been smoking 2 packs of cigarettes every day for the past 30 years. My doctor told me that my breath in my left lung sounds bad. But he told me that my blood pressure, heart rate, breathing rate and temperature are normal. My belly is also normal. However my X-Rays show some liquid on the left side and a mass where the liquid got hard. The scary thing is that the liquid was bloody when they got it out. They did a biopsy and it showed that I have an increase of epithelioid-type cells with very long microvilli.

Clinical trial: Chemotherapy Followed by Surgery and Neoadjuvant Hemothoracic Intensity Modified Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Subject provides informed consent

          -  Subject is >18 years of age

          -  Subject is deemed competent for making medical decisions

          -  Subject is scheduled to undergo chemotherapy followed by surgery and then IMRT

          -  Subject is a surgical candidate

          -  A negative pregnancy test is required in women of child-bearing potential, as standard
             of care.

        Exclusion Criteria:

        •Subject is <18 years old.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment