Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Spa Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis (OA): Nancy-thermal

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria are:

          -  both gender

          -  uni or bilateral symptomatic knee OA

          -  pain VAS > 3 on a 0-10 scale)

          -  fulfilling ACR criteria for knee OA

          -  Kellgren and Lawrence stage 2 or over on standard radiograph

        Non inclusion criteria are:

          -  severe comorbidity

          -  isolated femoro-patellar knee OA

          -  total knee replacement surgery expected during the next year

          -  other joint disease

          -  a contraindication or intolerance to any aspect of spa treatment (immune deficiency,
             evolving cardiovascular conditions, cancer, infection),

          -  spa treatment within the previous 12 months

          -  knee injection within the past month for corticosteroids and within the past 3 months
             for hyaluronic acids

          -  osteoarthritis (SYSADOA) change in the past 3 months

          -  massages, physiotherapy or acupuncture in the past month

          -  Patients will not be allowed to modify their non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug
             (NSAID) or their analgesic drug within the past 5 days and in the previous 12 h
             respectively.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Local Anaesthetic Following Hernia Repair

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion criteria:

          -  Primary unilateral inguinal hernia

          -  Aged 18 years or more

        Exclusion criteria:

          -  Bilateral inguinal hernia repairs to be performed at the same procedure.

          -  Recurrent inguinal hernia

          -  Patient unable to give informed consent

          -  Contraindication to the use of local anaesthetic

          -  Operation to be performed under local or spinal anaesthetic.

          -  Contraindication to use of diclofenac, fentanyl or paracetamol
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Effectiveness of the DASH Diet at Reducing High Blood Pressure

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Isolated systolic hypertension: systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the range of 140-179
             mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) less than 90 mm Hg

          -  Body mass index (BMI) less than 40

          -  Current use of fewer than two blood pressure medications (which will be withdrawn
             prior to study)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Major concomitant diseases that may include but are not limited to active pulmonary
             disease within the past 6 months

          -  History of cardiovascular disorders such as angina, heart attack, heart failure, or
             stent placement

          -  Active gastrointestinal disease, including prior gastrointestinal surgery

          -  Renal disease with serum creatinine greater than 1.5 mg/dl (men) or 1.4 mg/dl (women)

          -  Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

          -  Current pregnancy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: D-chiro-inositol Increases Androgens and Reduces Estrogens in Human Serum

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Body mass index (BMI) range is between 22 and 34 kg/m2, in order to include subjects
             with normal weight, overweight and obese. Subjects with altered glycemia or hormonal
             status due to age or weight were enrolled in the study.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Men with poor general health were excluded from the study.
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 30 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 33-year-old woman comes to clinic complaining of progressive fatigue, decreased appetite, and 11-lb weight loss in the past 2 months.  She uses levothyroxine because of the previously diagnosed Hashimoto disease. She has no other medical conditions and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Physical examination shows a generalized increase in pigmentation of the skin.  Measurement of serum cortisol before and after administration of exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) shows no difference in the levels. Stable glucocorticoid replacement therapy starts for her with the diagnosis for primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I was really suffering from fatigue and decreased appetite and I also lost 11 pounds over the past two months. I'm just 33 years old so that's not normal, especially for a woman. I take levothyroxine because I have been diagnosed with Hashimoto disease. I don't have any other medical condition, and I don't smoke I don't drink, and I don't do drugs. They also did my physical examination and they saw that I had an increase in pigmentation of my skin. They measured my cortisol level before and after giving me some ACTH hormone, and the results came back with no difference whatsoever. The doctor told me I have Addison disease and put me under glucocorticoid therapy.

Clinical trial: Role of the Protein Osteoprotegerin in the Bone Health of Women With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        For People with 21-OHD CAH:

          -  21-OHD CAH has been documented by molecular genetic analysis (mutations on CYP21A2
             gene on both parental alleles)

          -  Treatment with glucocorticoid replacement since infancy (begun within the first year)

          -  Available hormonal data and treatment details over the 5 years prior to study entry

          -  Premenopausal

        For Healthy Controls:

          -  No diagnosis of 21-OHD CAH, as confirmed by molecular genetic analysis

          -  No first degree relative is enrolled as a 21-OHD CAHparticipant

          -  Premenopausal

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Medical disorder or treatment with medications known to affect bone density (other
             than glucocorticoids for 21-OHD CAH patients), including, but not limited to growth
             hormone, IGF-I, depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate, biphosphonates, oral contraceptives,
             androgens, thyroxine, or aromatase inhibitors

          -  Pregnant

          -  Any smoking within the 6 months prior to study entry

          -  Cardiac pacemaker or other implanted electronic medical device
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 35 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Lifestyle Intervention in Primary Health Care - the Björknäs Study

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients from one single health care centre with a diagnosis of:

               -  Typ 2 diabetes,

               -  Hypertension,

               -  Obesity or

               -  Dyslipidemia

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Coronary heart

          -  Disease,

          -  Stroke,

          -  TIA,

          -  BP >180/105,

          -  Dementia; or

          -  Severe psychiatric disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Enthesitis in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Primary Knee OA diagnosed according to: American College of Rheumatology Radiologic
             Criteria for Knee Osteoarthritis.

          -  Kellegren - Lawrance scale grade II.

          -  On regular treatment by analgesics, or NSAIDS either topical or systemic.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Recent Knee trauma or intra-articular procedures.

          -  Previous knee surgery.

          -  Inflammatory joint diseases, as rheumatoid arthritis, crystal arthritis, and
             spondyloarthropathy

          -  chronic systemic diseases that could affect patient functional ability; e.g renal,
             liver, cardiac impairment, or neurological disorder.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 61-year-old man comes to the emergency department complaining of an acute vision disturbance. He had an episode of vision disturbance in the right eye that occurred suddenly and resolved spontaneously in 15 minutes. He also has right jaw pain while chewing.  He also complains of fatigue and hip muscle aches over the last several months.  The patient has a history of mild hyperlipidemia that has been controlled by diet and lifestyle modifications.  On examination, his blood pressure is 130/70 mm Hg and pulse is 66/min.  Neurological examination is unremarkable.  Visual examination is also normal. ESR is 103 mm/h. Temporal artery biopsy shows multinuclear giant cells and internal elastic membrane fragmentation.

Patient's own account: I’m a 61-year-old man and I came to the ER because I had a sudden episode where I couldn’t see out of my right eye. It only lasted about 15 minutes and went away on its own but it really scared me. I’ve also been having pain in my right jaw when I chew. For the past few months I’ve felt really tired and noticed my hips ache a lot. I have a history of mild cholesterol issues but I’ve been managing that with my diet and lifestyle. When the doctors checked me my blood pressure and pulse were normal and my vision and neurological exams didn’t show anything wrong. However they ran some tests and said my ESR levels were very high and a biopsy of my temporal artery showed some inflammation and damage.

Clinical trial: Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  At least five (A-E) components of the PMR diagnostic criteria, including:

               -  A. Age ≥50 years,

               -  B. Bilateral shoulder or hip pain,

               -  C. Morning stiffness lasting >45 min,

               -  D. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),

               -  E. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP),

               -  F. Disease duration >2weeks, should be met to suspect PMR.

          -  For GCA following criteria's must be seen: Age > 50 years, ESR/CRP > 50, as well as at
             least two symptoms related to vasculitis (scalp tenderness, vision disturbances,
             headache (new or changed), jaw claudication, tenderness of the temporal arteria) if
             patients do not simultaneously have PMR. If the patient is suspected for PMR, one
             cranial symptom is enough to suspect GCA.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Dementia

          -  Inability to communicate in Danish

          -  Infections or malignancy when prednisolone is permanently unsuitable

          -  Contraindication to imaging studies (allergy to contrast materials, reduced kidney
             function, pregnancy and Blood Sugar (BS) >8 mmol/l after 6 hours fasting)

          -  Initiation of steroid treatment before the PET scan

          -  Inability to provide informed consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 95 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: 4DCT Imaging for Improved Diagnosis and Treatment of Wrist Ligament Injuries

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. unilateral scapholunate instability

          2. point tenderness over the dorsal aspect of the scapholunate joint

          3. positive Watson shift sign (Watson et al., J Hand Surg Am, 1988; 13:657-60);

          4. suspected pathology on previous fluoroscopy or MRI;

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. previously-diagnosed rheumatological conditions or connective tissue diseases

          2. inability to be appropriately positioned in the scanner for the imaging

          3. congenital malformations of the wrist or forearm

          4. diagnosed wrist osteoarthritis

          5. age under 18 or over 60
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 60 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 66-year-old woman comes to the office due to joint pain in the hands and periodic morning stiffness that lasts less than 15 minutes.  The pain is moderately severe and worsens with daily activity. The patient used Tylenol with minimal relief.  Past medical history is notable for hypertension and hypercholesteremia.  Physical examination shows firm nodules over the distal interphalangeal joints, bilaterally. The patient has pain in her knees as well. The knees are stiff in the morning for less than 30 minutes and become worse with climbing stairs. She has some sensation of bone friction during activity. X-ray shows narrowing of the joint space, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation along the joints.

Patient's own account: I'm a 66-year-old woman and I went to my doctor's office because of a bloody joint pain in my hands that has been lasting for a while. The pain comes and go in the morning usually. I feel like a stiffness that last less than 15 minutes. The pain is moderately severe but it gets worse when I'm using my hands. I used Tylenol which helped a little. Apart from that, I suffer from hypertension and high cholesterol. The doctor made me notice that I have bumps around both of my hand joints. I also suffer from my knees and they are also stiff in the morning for around 30 min. It's even worse when I climb up the stairs! I also feel like my bones are rubbing against each other when I'm moving. The X-ray showed that I have narrow joint space, I have sclerosis, and abnormal growths of bone along my joints.

Clinical trial: Effects of Oral Salmon Calcitonin in Human Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  radiographic OA according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology;

          -  morning joint stiffness between 15 and 30 minutes;

          -  pain on weight bearing and motion reported greater than 40 mm on a 0-100 mm visual
             analogue scale;

          -  normal liver and kidney function tests;

          -  serum CRP levels < 10 mg/l

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  previous or ongoing treatment with anti-resorptive drugs such as bisphosphonates,
             estrogen or raloxifene

          -  crystal deposition diseases

          -  known hereditary or congenital defects

          -  clinically significant hepatic, renal, cardiovascular, psychiatric, endocrine and/or
             hematological diseases

          -  intra-articular injections of either corticosteroids (previous 3 months) or hyaluronan
             (previous 6 months)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction