Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: Efficacy of Dicopeg Junior in Comparison With Lactulose for the Treatment of Functional Constipation in Children Aged 6 Months to 6 Years.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Children aged 6 months - 6 years

          2. Diagnosis of functional constipation according to the Rome III criteria

          3. Patients newly recognized or ineffectively treated

          4. Parental consent for their child's participation in the study and the way they are
             treatment for the duration of the study

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Well-known organic cause constipation (eg. an underactive thyroid, Hirschprung
             disease, cystic fibrosis).

          2. Anatomical abnormality of the digestive tract.

          3. Status after gastrointestinal surgery

          4. Parents disagree to participate in the study

          5. Intolerance of lactulose or polyethylene glycols in an interview

          6. Comorbidities that may significantly affect the treatment outcome: food allergy,
             celiac disease, CNS disease, lactose intolerance or other disaccharide bacterial
             overgrowth
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Months old.
Subject must be at most 6 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: Pegylated Recombinant Mammalian Uricase (PEG-uricase) as Treatment for Refractory Gout

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age >18 years

          -  Symptomatic gout

          -  Serum uric acid >7 mg/dL

          -  Intolerance of, or inadequate response to, conventional therapy for gout

          -  Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test and must use
             an approved birth control method

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  End stage renal failure that requires dialysis

          -  Concurrent use of uric-acid lowering agents

          -  Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency

          -  A history of anaphylactic reaction to a recombinant protein

          -  Concurrent use of immunosuppressive therapy (except as needed for prevention of
             rejection of a transplanted organ, or prednisone at 10 mg a day or less for treatment
             of gout flares)

          -  A medical or psychological condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, might
             create undue risk to the subject
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman

Clinical trial: A Study for Teriparatide in Severe Osteoporosis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Postmenopausal women and men older than 21 years affected by severe osteoporosis with
             an incidental vertebral or hip fracture during treatment with an antiresorptive, or
             having 3 or more severe vertebral fractures or having 2 severe vertebral fractures and
             an historical hip fracture.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Any contraindication for the use of antiosteoporotic drug

          -  Premenopausal women or men younger than 21 years
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: Treating Hypertension With Breath Control

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Above 18 years old

          -  Patients with essential hypertension

          -  Systolic BP from 140 to 159 mm Hg

          -  Diastolic BP from 90 to 99 mm Hg

          -  On hypertensive medication for at least 3 months before the study

          -  Hypertensive medication unchanged during the 3 months before the study

          -  Patients able to fill in a log sheet

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  ischaemic heart disease

          -  congestive heart failure

          -  cardiac arrhythmias

          -  renal failure

          -  diabetes mellitus

          -  previous stroke

          -  major organ failure

          -  cigarette smoking

          -  respiratory diseases

          -  psychiatric disorders

          -  severe obesity (BMI >35 kg/m2)

          -  hearing impairment

          -  unable to operate a CD player or do not have access to a CD player

          -  arm circumference <22 cm. or >42 cm.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 19 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: Spectroscopy From Duodenum

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Common inclusion criterion

               -  Age is 18 years or older.

               -  Informed consent was obtained.

               -  Inclusion criterion for normal cohort

               -  An upper GI endoscopy is scheduled to check upper abdominal symptoms.

               -  No findings of pancreatic disorder as documented by CT or MRI or EUS

          -  Inclusion criterion for PC suspicious cohort * A EUS or ERCP is scheduled to suspected
             pancreatic disorder.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Common exclusion criterion

               -  Severe cardiac disease

               -  Severe respiratory disease

               -  Bleeding disorders

               -  Pregnancy
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Placebo-controlled Trial With OROS Hydromorphone Hydrochloride to Treat Patients With Moderate to Severe Pain Induced by Osteoarthritis of the Hip or the Knee

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Documented Osteoarthritis of the hip or knee

          -  Chronic pain for more than 3 months treated with daily analgesic for the last month

          -  Moderate to severe OA pain of the target joint, which cannot be adequately treated
             with non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs or paracetamol

          -  Moderate to severe pain by means of a mean weekly score of >= 5 in the Brief Pain
             Invetory item 5 'pain on average'

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Regular treatment with an opioid in the 4 weeks before screening visit (infrequent use
             of tramadol, codeine, tilidine, or dihydrocodeine for no more than 10 days in the 4
             weeks before the screening visit is acceptable, however, treatment must be stopped at
             screening visit)

          -  Diagnosis of major depression

          -  Treatment for epilepsy

          -  Corticosteroid injection within the last 3 months

          -  Major surgery in the 3 months before the start of the study

          -  Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 7-month-old boy is brought to emergency by his parents due to irritability and inability to defecate for the past 3 days.  The patient has had constipation and discomfort with bowel movements since birth.  His symptoms worsened after eating semi-solid foods.  Vital signs are normal.  Abdominal examination shows distension and tenderness to palpation with presence of bowel sounds.  Xray with barium shows a narrow rectum and rectosigmoid area.  The rest of the colon proximal to this segment is dilated. Digital rectal exam revealed burst of feces out of the anus. The biopsy showed absence of submucosal ganglia in the last segment of the large intestine.

Patient's own account: My baby boy just turned 7 months old but my wife and I cannot get a hold of him! He has not been able to poop for 3 days! My poor little thing has been having constipation and bowel problems since birth. But since he ate some semi-solid food it has just been worse! The doctor said his vitals are normal but his belly is tense and tender with his bowels making noise. They did an X-ray and found out that he had a narrow rectum. His colon is dilated. They also performed a touch rectal exam and he could finally poop! The biopsy revealed that there is no submucosal ganglia in his large intestine.

Clinical trial: Prucalopride in Pediatric Subjects With Functional Constipation

Eligibility criteria:
Main Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Boys and girls, aged ≥ 6 months and < 18 years.

          2. Subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of functional constipation as defined by the Rome
             III criteria.

        Main Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Children with underlying GI abnormalities and causes for defecation disorders.

          2. Constipation is thought to be drug-induced.

          3. Subjects suffering from secondary causes of chronic constipation.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 6 Months old.
Subject must be at most 17 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 51-year-old man comes to the office complaining of fatigue and some sexual problems including lack of libido. The patient doesn't smoke or use any illicit drug.  Blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg and pulse is 70/min.  Oxygen saturation is 99% on room air.  BMI is 24 kg/m2.  Skin examination shows increased pigmentation. Genotype testing is consistent with homozygosity for the C282Y mutation. Laboratory study shows transferrin saturation of 55% and serum ferritin of 550 μg/L. He is diagnosed as a case of hemochromatosis.

Patient's own account: I am 51 years old and I just came back from the doctor's office. I'm sick and tired of being that exhausted, reaching the point where me and my lovely wife are not touching each other anymore! I'm not smoking or doing drugs! My blood pressure was 120/80 mm Hg, and pulse was 70/min and my oxygen saturation 99%. My BMI is 24. My skin also turned a bit darker lately. He tested my genes and told me that I have a mutation of the C282Y gene. I also did lab tests where my transferrin saturation was 55% and serum ferritin was 550  μg/L. The doctor diagnosed me with iron overload.

Clinical trial: Combination Iron Chelation Therapy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Iron overload

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Overt cardiac disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 7 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Safety and Efficacy of BAY94-9027 in Previously Treated Male Children With Haemophilia A

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Males < 12 years of age

          -  Subjects with severe hemophilia A

          -  Previously treated with FVIII for > 50 exposure days

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Subjects with current evidence of or history of inhibitors to FVIII

          -  Any other inherited or acquired bleeding disorder

          -  Platelet counts < 100,000/mm^3

          -  Creatinine > 2x the upper limit of normal

          -  Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) / Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 5x the upper limit
             of normal
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 12 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Progesterone Supplementation in Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patient at Mount Sinai Fertility who wants to undertake a frozen embryo transfer

          -  History of recurrent implantation failure, defined as no pregnancy after three or more
             embryo transfers of four or more good quality blastocysts

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous testing with Endometrial Receptivity Assay (ERA)

          -  Unable understand/communicate in English
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 55 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 60-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of hand tremor that started few months ago.  It is most bothering when he wants to drink from a glass or pour from a bottle. He does not smoke, but drinks occasionally. He recently started consuming more alcohol as his tremor subsides somewhat when he drinks small amounts of alcohol.  Family history is significant for similar problems in his mother.  Vital signs are normal and the patient has no other medical conditions.  Neurologic examination shows bilateral tremor in the upper extremities. The diagnosis of essential tremor is confirmed.

Patient's own account: I'm only a 60 years old man but I already suffer from shaky hands. It started a few months ago, and it really bothers me when I want to pour myself a glass or even while drinking. I don't smoke, but I drink alcohol from time to time. To be honest, I've been drinking a little more lately since it helps me with the shaking. My mom had the same issue when she was my age. The doctor took my vitals, and they were normal. I don't have any other medical issues. I underwent neurological exams and it showed that I’m shaky from both sides. The doctor diagnosed me with essential tremor.

Clinical trial: Dietary Advice on Prescription in Kungsbacka

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  BMI 28-35

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Severe disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment