Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 32-year-old woman comes to the hospital with vaginal spotting.  Her last menstrual period was 10 weeks ago. She has regular menses lasting for 6 days and repeating every 29 days. Medical history is significant for appendectomy and several complicated UTIs. She has multiple male partners, and she is inconsistent with using barrier contraceptives. Vital signs are normal.  Serum β-hCG level is 1800 mIU/mL, and a repeat level after 2 days shows an abnormal rise to 2100 mIU/mL.  Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thin endometrium with no gestational sac in the uterus.

Patient's own account: I just turned 32 and last morning I woke up with strange blood stains on my underwear. My last periods were more than 2 months ago, which is unusual for me because I used to have regular periods lasting for 6 days every 29 days, more or less. I had several UTIs in the past. I also had appendicitis. I'm currently seeing several men and, to be honest, some of them do struggle to wear a condom. I went to the hospital to check myself up and they told me that my vitals were normal. I also had a blood test on Monday, and my β-hCG level was 1800 mIU/mL, and then on Wednesday, it went up to 2100 mIU/mL. The gynecologist also did an ultrasound and she told me that, hopefully, there was no ovule.

Clinical trial: Hysteroscopy for Pregnancy of Unknown Location

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  women with PUL

        Exclusion Criteria:
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Bindex Ultrasonometer for Osteoporosis Diagnostics

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Postmenopausal women and men referred for bone density examination.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients unable to sign consent for participation.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 20 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old female has prolonged oral bleeding immediately after a tooth extraction.  Despite several interventions, the bleeding persists for hours and stops only after desmopressin (DDAVP) administration.  The patient has heavy menstrual cycles each month.  She has no other medical problems and takes no medications.  Her mother and grandmother have also had excessive bleeding during menstrual period.  Review of systems is positive for mild bruising on his legs. Laboratory findings reveal a normal platelet count and an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay, as well as CB <= 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C <= 0.40 IU/mL.

Patient's own account: I'm a 23 woman and I went to the ER because of non-stop bleeding after my tooth extraction. I tried to make the bleeding stop but it just kept going for hours and it finally stopped when I took some medication called DDAVP. I usually have heavy periods, just like my mom and grandma had. I don't have any other medical condition and I don't take any other medication. The doctor noticed the bruises on my legs. I had to do some lab tests. I had a normal platelet count but an abnormal ristocetin cofactor assay. I had low CB and FVIII:C levels.

Clinical trial: Markers of Defective Membrane Remodelling in Scott-like Syndromes

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with unexplained provoked hemorrhages (surgery, tooth extraction, birth …),
             and associated with reduced prothrombin consomption (residual prothrombine in serum >
             à 5%).

          -  Family members of the patients defined above, with or without unexplained hemorrhages
             (symptomatic or not).

          -  Patient's approval based on detailed information given by the pratician

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with primary hemostasis defect or defective blood coagulation factor(s)
             possibly explaining the bleeding disorder.

          -  Anémia,

          -  patients known to be affected by Factor V New York .

          -  Patients enrolled in a previous clinical study, the exclusion period of which is not
             yet completed. - Collaboration to the study rejected by the patient

          -  Patients that are not registered for medical care social insurance.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 2 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: Different Kinds of Acupuncture Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Meet the Clinical Classification Criteria for Osteoarthritis of the Knee, diagnosed by
             specialist.

          2. Aged 40-75 years old;

          3. History of chronic knee pain for more than 3 months, and complain of knee pain on most
             days of the past month;

          4. Kellgren and Lawrence Grades 1-3;

          5. With related knee pain in one or both knees rated > 4 cm on a 10 cm Visual Analog
             Scale(VAS) (VAS:0 to 10)

          6. Who volunteer to participate and sign the consent form .

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Knee osteoarthritis patients with gout, infection, tumor, autoimmune diseases, trauma
             or other causes of knee pain or knee deformities;

          2. Patients who have local skin damage, poor skin conditions or coagulant dysfunction and
             patients who are not suitable for acupuncture;

          3. Patients who are accompanied with serious medical problems or mental disorders,
             cognitive dysfunction，disorders of shallow sensation or who cannot cooperate with the
             treatment;

          4. Patients who have received acupuncture or needle knife in the past month;

          5. Other patients who are not suitable for acupuncture treatment.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: An Open-label Extension Study of an Investigational Drug, Fitusiran, in Patients With Moderate or Severe Hemophilia A or B

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Completed and tolerated study drug dosing in study TDR14767 (ALN-AT3SC-001)

          -  Male aged ≥18 years

          -  Moderate or severe, clinically stable hemophilia A or B as evidenced by a laboratory
             FVIII or FIX level ≤5% at screening. Patients with a FVIII or FIX level >5% at
             screening will be eligible on provision of a historic laboratory report indicating a
             trough level ≤5%

          -  Willing and able to comply with the study requirements and provide written informed
             consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Clinically significant liver disease

          -  Patients known to be human immunodeficiency virus seropositive and have a CD4 count
             <200 cells/μL

          -  History of venous thromboembolism

          -  Current serious mental illness that, in the judgment of the Investigator, may
             compromise patient safety, ability to participate in all study assessments, or study
             integrity

          -  Clinically relevant history or presence of cardiovascular, respiratory,
             gastrointestinal, renal, neurological, inflammatory, or other diseases that, in the
             judgment of the Investigator, precludes study participation
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: An Assessment of Chronic Synovial-Based Inflammation and Its Role With Serum Urate Levels.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Age > or = 18 - Open ended to both males and females.

          2. Have a known history of gout diagnosed by current or previous documentation of
             intracellular MSU crystals in synovial fluid, a tophus proved to contain MSU crystals,
             or at least six of the twelve ACR diagnostic criteria for gout (see appendix with the
             12 diagnostic criteria of gout).

          3. English of Spanish speaking

          4. Able to give informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Age < 18.

          2. Unable to give informed consent.

          3. Do not speak or write in English or Spanish.

          4. History of any other inflammatory arthritis.

          5. History of another crystal induced arthritis.

          6. Serum creatinine >1.8 mg/dL

          7. Patients taking oral corticosteroids (any dose) [or within 4 weeks]

          8. Parenteral or intraarticular corticosteroids within 6 weeks

          9. Allergy to gadolinium contrast dye

         10. Any contraindication to receiving a MRI

         11. Pregnant women

         12. Allergy to febuxostat (Uloric) or colchicine [substudy subjects only]
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Selenium for Musculoskeletal Health

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        women age over 55y at least 5y postemenopausal willing and able to give informed consent
        lumbar spine or total hip BMD T-score between -1.0 and -3.0 not clinically requiring
        treatment for osteoporosis

        Exclusion Criteria:

        diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction, any conditions known to affect bone metabolism
        (such as inflammatory disease, parathyroid disease, malabsorption ), medications known to
        affect bone metabolism (such as osteoporosis treatment, aromatase inhibitors,
        anti-epileptics), alcohol intake >21 units per week, prolonged immobility (>3 months),
        fracture in the last year, taken selenium supplements in the last year
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 55 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Development and Evaluation of an Exercise Intervention for Prevention of Vertebral Osteoporosis and Deformity in Postmenopausal Women

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Aged 60-80 and postmenopausal for at least 5 years

          -  Not taking/eligible for osteoporosis medication

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Regular (>once per week) participation in high impact or high load resistance
             training.

          -  Any disease or medication or injury that contraindicates exercise or affects bone
             metabolism.

          -  Meet UK criteria for pharmaceutical treatment of osteoporosis (will be referred to GP
             for treatment).
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 60 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): An 8-year-old boy is brought to the clinic by his parents because of weakness and difficulty of standing up from a sitting position. The mother is healthy but had a brother who died in his 20th after being disabled and using wheelchairs in the last few years of his life. Physical examination shows 3/5 lower extremity muscle strength and enlarged calf muscles. The other physical examination and vital signs are unremarkable. Muscle biopsy showed absence of dystrophin protein. The patient is diagnosed with DMD.

Patient's own account: I brought my  8-year-old son to the doctor's clinic. He was struggling to stand up from a chair for the past few days. My wife is healthy but she was pretty worried since his brother died in his 20s after being disabled and using a wheelchair for the last years of his life. The doctor did an exam which highlighted weakness in the leg muscles and unusually large calf muscles. The rest of the exam was fine, and his vitals were normal. My son did a muscle biopsy, and it showed that the protein important for muscle strength and function is missing. The doctor diagnosed him with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Clinical trial: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Biomarkers for Muscular Dystrophy

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria for boys with DMD:

          1. Ambulatory and non-ambulatory males (ages 5-18) previously diagnosed with DMD based
             on:

               -  clinical features with onset of symptoms before age five

               -  elevated serum creatine kinase level or

               -  absence of dystrophin expression, as determined by immunostain or western blot
                  (<2%) and/or DNA confirmation of a dystrophin mutation.

          2. Subjects will not be excluded based on corticosteroid treatment

        Inclusion Criteria for age matched controls:

        1. Ambulatory males (ages 5-18) without disease or injury to the lower extremities

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Males with a contraindication to an MR examination

          2. Males with unstable medical problems

          3. Males who are not able to cooperate during testing

          4. Males with a secondary condition that may impact muscle metabolism, muscle function or
             functional ability (i.e. cerebral palsy, endocrine disorders, mitochondrial disease)

          5. Healthy boys who participate in competitive sports specific training in excess of 8
             hours per week. Participation in multiple recreational sports activities is not an
             exclusion.
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 5 Years old.
Subject must be at most 18 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 51-year-old man comes to the office complaining of fatigue and some sexual problems including lack of libido. The patient doesn't smoke or use any illicit drug.  Blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg and pulse is 70/min.  Oxygen saturation is 99% on room air.  BMI is 24 kg/m2.  Skin examination shows increased pigmentation. Genotype testing is consistent with homozygosity for the C282Y mutation. Laboratory study shows transferrin saturation of 55% and serum ferritin of 550 μg/L. He is diagnosed as a case of hemochromatosis.

Patient's own account: I am 51 years old and I just came back from the doctor's office. I'm sick and tired of being that exhausted, reaching the point where me and my lovely wife are not touching each other anymore! I'm not smoking or doing drugs! My blood pressure was 120/80 mm Hg, and pulse was 70/min and my oxygen saturation 99%. My BMI is 24. My skin also turned a bit darker lately. He tested my genes and told me that I have a mutation of the C282Y gene. I also did lab tests where my transferrin saturation was 55% and serum ferritin was 550  μg/L. The doctor diagnosed me with iron overload.

Clinical trial: Chelation Therapy of Iron Overload With Pyridoxal Isonicotinoyl Hydrazone

Eligibility criteria:
Study 1: Approximately 12 to 18 adult men and non-pregnant women with iron-loading anemias
        in the United States and 12 to 18 similar patients in Thailand each year.

        Study 2: Approximately 6 to 12 well-chelated patients with transfusion-dependence.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction