Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: Delaying Alzheimer Disease Symptoms With Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  NIMH diagnostic criteria for Age Associated Memory Impairment (AAMI)

          -  Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score between 26 and 30 (unless < 8 years of
             educational achievement)

          -  No significant cerebrovascular disease

          -  Estrogen replacement therapy and thyroid replacement therapy (if the participant is
             euthyroid) are permitted if the therapies are stable for > 1 month

          -  Memory and verbal fluency cut-off scores that increase the probability of incipient
             dementia (Buschke-Fuld: 34; verbal fluency: 46 for letters, 7 for categories; Benton
             Visual Retention: 5)

          -  Adequate visual and auditory acuity to allow neuropsychological testing

          -  Normal screening laboratory tests and electrocardiogram (ECG)

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Possible or probable Alzheimer Disease (AD) or other dementia

          -  Neurologic or other physical illness that could produce cognitive deterioration

          -  History of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), carotid bruits, or lacunes on an MRI
             scan

          -  History of myocardial infarction within the previous year or unstable cardiac disease

          -  Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP > 170 or diastolic BP > 100)

          -  History of significant liver disease, pulmonary disease, diabetes, or cancer

          -  DSM-IV criteria for major psychiatric disorders within the previous 2 years

          -  Past or present history of alcoholism or drug dependence

          -  Untreated depression as determined by a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) score
             of 12 or more

          -  Drugs that may significantly affect psychometric test results

          -  Centrally active beta-blockers, narcotics, clonidine, anti-Parkinsonian medications,
             antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, systemic corticosteroids, medications with
             significant cholinergic or anticholinergic effects, anti-convulsants, warfarin,
             vitamins other than the standard multivitamin supplement, ginkgo biloba, and any
             nutraceuticals. Occasional chloral hydrate use will be allowed, but discouraged, for
             insomnia.

          -  Investigational drugs within the previous month or longer, depending on drug half-life

          -  Contraindication for MRI scan (e.g., metal in body, claustrophobia)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 40 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction