Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Study to Evaluate the Effect of a Very Low Carbohydrate Diet on Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  18 to 70 years old

          -  BMI between 30 kg/m2 and 45 kg/m2

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Known history of Barrett's esophagus or esophageal adenocarcinoma

          -  Previous surgical anti-reflux procedure

          -  Previous weight loss surgery, including gastric bypass

          -  Diabetes

          -  Pregnancy

          -  Heart Disease

          -  Unwillingness to discontinue use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI's) or H2-receptor
             antagonists per study protocol
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 70 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: Molecular Analysis of Patients With Neuromuscular Disease

Eligibility criteria:
The samples used in this study will be derived from individuals at risk for, or suffering
        from, neuromuscular disease, generally resulting in clinical weakness of one or more muscle
        groups and their family members.

        Inclusion criteria:

          1. having a clinical and/or pathological diagnosis of a muscular dystrophy

          2. being the first degree relative of someone with such a diagnosis

          3. having had a muscle biopsy if diagnosed with a neuromuscular disease

          4. willingness to provide a skin biopsy for research only

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. not having such a diagnosis and not being related to such an individual

          2. not wishing to participate

          3. being incapable of giving consent and not having a legal guardian willing or able to
             do so
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Laparoscopic TEP (Total Extra-peritoneal) Repair Vs Open PHS (Prolene Hernia System)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  For laparoscopic repair: bilateral inguinal hernia or recurrent hernia For open
             repair: Patients with unilateral inguinal hernia More than 18 years old. Both sexes

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patient under 18 years old Patients who cannot sign the informed consent.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Outcome of Laparoscopic Inguinal Herniorraphy in Children

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Children aged between 1 day and 16 years who underwent a laparoscopic surgical
             procedure for correction of unilateral or bilateral inguinal hernia or recurrent
             inguinal hernia at a single institution

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  age of patient more than 16 years

          -  patients suffering from neuromuscular, chronic abdominal, chronic pulmonary, or
             malignant disorders

          -  patients suffering from degenerative soft tissue disorders

          -  patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs for more than 3 weeks or during a - 3-week
             perioperative time interval
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 16 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Open-Label Study of ARD-0403 in Testosterone Deficient Men

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Testosterone deficiency

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous treatment with testosterone replacement therapy within 4 weeks

          -  Moderate-severe benign prostatic hypertrophy, or prostatic cancer

          -  Haematocrit >50%
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: CuATSM Compared With Placebo for Treatment of ALS/MND

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  signed informed consent

          -  familial or sporadic ALS/MNS by Awaji-shima Consensus Recommendations

          -  not taking riluzole or on stable dose of riluzole for 4 weeks prior to screening visit

          -  no prior exposure to agents other than riluzole for treatment of ALS

          -  adequate bone marrow reserve, renal and liver function

          -  women of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test and be
             non-lactating

          -  women and men with partners of childbearing potential must take effective
             contraception while on treatment

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  presence of a gastrointestinal disorder (eg, malabsorption) that might jeopardize
             intestinal absorption of study drug

          -  inability to perform seated SVC

          -  known immune compromising illness or treatment

          -  drug abuse or alcoholism

          -  clinically significant or active cardiovascular disease

          -  acute or chronic infection

          -  diagnosis of malignancy within 2 years prior to screening

          -  dementia that may affect patient understanding and/or compliance with study
             requirements and procedures

          -  current use of strong inducers or inhibitors of CYPs 2C19 and 2D6

          -  current us of medications (other than riluzole) that are metabolized predominantly by
             CYP 1A2
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 75 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: COVID-EC Study: Clinical Characteristics of Patients With COVID-19 in Guayaquil, Ecuador

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients 18 years or older who required hospitalization.

          -  Confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by positive nasopharyngeal exudate for SARS-CoV-2.

          -  Probable diagnosis of COVID-19, according to WHO criteria.

        Exclusion Criteria:

        - Patients with negative nasopharyngeal exudate for SARS-CoV-2.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.

Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Subjects With Syndromic Obesity: Identifying New Candidate Genes by Exome Sequencing (OBEXOME)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patient age ≥ 1 year with no upper age limit, with early onset (age of obesity onset
             <6 years) and severe (Z-score of BMI ≥ + 3DS) obesity associated with psychomotor
             retardation or mental , food impulsiveness, +/- dysmorphy and / or endocrine
             abnormalities

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Identified syndromic obesity
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 1 Year old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old girl comes to the clinic due to a left wrist mass.  She noticed swelling on the top of her wrist about 4 months ago and came to the clinic due to cosmetic concerns.  Examination shows a nontender, rounded mass on the dorsal wrist that transilluminates with a penlight. Vital signs are normal. The patient needs to type on her computer almost all day. She is left-handed. She does not smoke or use illicit drugs. She is in sexual relationship with two male partners and uses condoms.

Patient's own account: I'm a 19-year-old girl and I went to see my doctor because of a mass on my left wrist. I noticed a swelling on top of my wrist, like 4 months ago, and I went the first time to the doctor because it was pretty ugly! My wrist was not tender, and the mass was round and let the light go through when the doctor used a penlight. My blood pressure, breathing and temperature were normal. I'm left-handed and I need to be on my PC all day. I don't smoke or do drugs. I'm sexually active and I have 2 male partners but they all use condoms.

Clinical trial: Dorsal Wrist Ganglia; Aspiration Alone vs Aspiration and Injection of Platelet Rich Plasma

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Solitary dorsal wrist ganglion.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Underlying wrist or ipsilateral arm pathology.

          -  Unable to consent to treatment.

          -  Unable or unwilling to attend follow up visits.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 16 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of dizziness.  She also has occasional nausea and ringing in her right ear.  The patient also has difficulty hearing while holding her phone to the left ear, although hearing in her right ear is normal.  The dizziness improves spontaneously, and she feels fine between episodes.  Past medical history is notable for hypothyroidism and low vit D level, for which she is using Levothyroxine and Vit D pearl.  She does not use tobacco or drink alcohol. Physical examination shows sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear. She has only one-man sexual partner and menopaused 2 years ago.

Patient's own account: The other day, I had to go to the clinic due to severe dizziness. I'm 47 years old, and I've been suffering from nausea and ringing in my right ear. I also have difficulty hearing in my left ear while I hold my phone, even if my hearing in my right ear is normal. The dizziness just gets me all of a sudden but I don't have any symptoms in between 2 episodes. I suffer from hypothyroidism and low vitamin D levels. So I take Levothyrox and vitamin D pearl. I don't smoke or drink. They conducted a physical exam and said I had hearing loss in my left ear. My only partner is my husband, and I'm menopause for 2 years now.

Clinical trial: Audiology Visits After Screening for Hearing Loss: An RCT

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Hearing impaired

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Not Hearing Impaired
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman

Clinical trial: Study of Effect of Exercise With Osteoporosis and Vertebral Fracture

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  women

          -  living at home

          -  ambulatory

          -  aged 60 or more

          -  clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis

          -  a history of vertebral fracture

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  recent vertebral fractures

          -  unable to complete the questionnaires

          -  major cognitive impairment (MMSE) ( MMS < 23 )
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 60 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: Effectiveness of Alzheimer's Universe (Www.AlzU.Org) on Knowledge and Behavior

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  greater than or equal to 14 years old with a friend, family member or acquaintance
             with Alzheimer's disease or memory loss, OR a person diagnosed with mild memory loss
             (including mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease or mild Alzheimer's
             disease), OR an AD caregiver, OR healthcare providers, OR a medical student, college
             student or high school student.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  < 14 years old, OR diagnosis of moderate or severe Alzheimer's disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 14 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 63-year-old man comes to the clinic for recent unintentional weight loss. The patient also has epigastric discomfort after meals. He has no known medical problems and takes no medications. His blood pressure is 130/75 and pulse rate is 88/min. He is not febrile. Upper endoscopy shows a lesion in the stomach that shows typical features of diffuse-type adenocarcinoma presenting with signet ring cells that do not form glands.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I had been losing so much weight that it was concerning. I'm a 63-year-old guy, and it is something rather unusual. I'm always suffering from stomachache after every meal. I've never been sick, and I don't take any medicine. The doctor took my blood pressure and told me it was 130/75, and my pulse rate was 88/min. I'm not febrile! I also had to do an endoscopy, and they found a lesion in my stomach that shows typical features of stomach cancer. I'm totally devastated...

Clinical trial: The Analysis of Immuno-Nutrition Index in Advanced Gastric Cancer Receiving Preoperative Treatments

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma

          -  Received neoadjuvant (preoperative) chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy

          -  Diagnosed clinical advanced gastric cancer or esophagogastric cancer

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Lack of immuno-nutrition data
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment