Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: A Multicenter Study on the Diagnosis and Intervention of New Biomarkers on the Prodromal Stage of Alzheimer's Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  2011 NIA-AA criteria of MCI due to AD or AD

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Non AD dementia
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 50 Years old.
Subject must be at most 85 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman and I recently visited my family doctor. I don't smoke anything or drink. I don't have any remarkable medical history. I only use over-the-counter multivitamins to keep myself fresh and energized. My mom had a hip fracture. The doctor took my blood pressure and it was 130/80 and my pulse was 112/min. I have annoying back pain from time to time and to be honest I don't exercise much or move much. My BMI is 24. I did a spine X-ray a while ago and my doctor showed me that I have a fracture on one of my vertebrae. I also have a low bone density in my lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5. The doctor diagnosed me with osteoporosis.

Clinical trial: Effect of a Tablet-administered Educational Video on Patients´ Knowledge on Osteoporosis and Treatment

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Scheduled for at DXA scan at the osteoporosis clinic

          -  Currently on once-weekly alendronate treatment

          -  Informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients that do not understand Danish

          -  Patients having hearing impairments (unable to hear the video)

          -  Patients having visual impairments (unable to watch the video)

          -  Patients diagnosed with dementia

          -  Patients unable to give written informed consent.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency due to bleeding after a tooth extraction.  The bleeding has persisted for approximately 30 minutes despite constant direct pressure.  He is a known case of Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. Blood pressure is 95/60 mm Hg and pulse is 105/min. His weight is 70 Kg. Family history is positive for Hemophilia type A in his maternal uncle. He also has a lipoma on his left arm which he plans to remove surgically. His FVIII activity is 40%.

Patient's own account: I got my tooth extracted and I could not stop bleeding for 30 min. I'm a 20 yo dude but I have Hemophilia type A treated with FVIII. My blood pressure was 95/60 and my pulse 105/min. I'm 70 kg. My uncle on my mom's side also has type A hemophilia. I also have a fatty swelling on my left arm and I was supposed to remove it. My FVIII activity was 40%.

Clinical trial: Safety and Efficacy of Turoctocog Alfa in Previously Treated Male Children With Haemophilia A

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Male patients with severe (baseline FVIII less than or equal to 1%) haemophilia A

          -  Age below 12 years and weight at least 11 kg

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Surgery planned to occur during trial participation (exceptions are port placement,
             dental extractions, and minor, uncomplicated emergent procedures)

          -  Congenital or acquired coagulation disorders other than haemophilia A

          -  Any history of FVIII inhibitors (greater than or equal to 0.6 BU/mL)
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.

Subject must be at most 11 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: The Effect of Patient's Position After Intra-tympanic Injection

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients diagnosed with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss, treated using
             intra-tympanic injection of steroids

          -  Patients who signed an informed consent form

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Dysgeusia

          -  Inner or middle ear malfomation

          -  Eustachian tube dysfunction
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Baltimore HEARS: Hearing Equality Through Accessible Research & Solutions

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age 60 years or older

          -  English-speaking

          -  Aural-oral verbal communication as primary communication modality

          -  Post-lingual hearing loss (Audiometric pure tone averages [0.5-4kHz] in both ears >25
             dB)

          -  Does not currently use a hearing amplification device or hearing aid

          -  Signed informed consent to participate in all study related activities

          -  Willing to regularly use listening device once provided for the remainder of their
             time in the study

          -  Hearing handicap as measured by HHIE-S score >8

          -  Able to follow study instructions

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Individuals who do not fulfill inclusion criteria

          -  Evidence of ear disease or pathology requiring further medical evaluation
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 60 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Chronic Pain After Groin Hernia Surgery in Women

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  All patients 15 years and older included in the SHR between 1 Sept. 2012 and 31 Aug
             2017. Both elective and acute surgery is included.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients not responding to questionnaire. Patients were the first operation during
             inclusion period was a reoperation.

          -  Patient with bilateral operations during the study-period are only included once.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 15 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 2-year-old boy is brought to the office by his parents due to a rash that started 1 week ago.  A similar red, itchy rash on the cheeks, trunk, and arms has occurred intermittently since infancy.  The patient has had a few upper respiratory infections but no major illnesses.  Vaccinations are up to date, and he takes no medications. He is on a balanced diet, and he is healthy in appearance.  Vital signs and milestone examination are within normal limits.  Similar findings are observed on the cheeks and proximal upper extremities.  The diaper area is clear, and no mucosal lesions are present.

Patient's own account: I just brought my two-year-old son to the doctor's office because he had a rash for like one week. His rash was on the cheeks, the trunk, and his arms. He already had this before, and it keeps coming back from time to time to time. In the past, he had some respiratory infections but he has never been this sick. His vaccinations are up to date, and he doesn't take any medication. He's healthy with a nice diet. The doctor told me his vitals and milestone examinations were normal. The doctor also said there was a rash around the cheek and the upper part of his arms. The diaper area is okay, and there are no lesions.

Clinical trial: BROadband vs Narrowband photoTherapy for Eczema Trial Nested in the CACTI Cohort

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Atopic dermatitis according to the Hanifin and Rajka criteria.

          2. Validated Investigator Global Assessment score of 3 or 4 out of 4

          3. Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score ≥7.1

          4. Moderate to severe disease as above despite an adequate trial of topical therapy.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Treatment with phototherapy or oral systemic immune-modulating agents (cyclosporine,
             methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate) less than 30 days before baseline.

          2. Treatment with systemic biologic (dupilumab) or experimental therapeutic less than 90
             days before baseline.

          3. Current treatment with oral or intramuscular corticosteroids within 30 days prior to
             baseline. Topical, intralesional or inhaled corticosteroids are allowed.

          4. Participating in a clinical trial assessing an investigational agent for atopic
             dermatitis (topical, systemic or device) within 90 days prior to enrollment.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Multicenter Single-Blind RCT of CTIF Versus LNF For Treatment of GERD in Patients Requiring Hiatal Hernia Repair

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. 22-80 years of age

          2. Subjects have GERD with hiatal hernia < 5 cm, and Hill grade III or IV

          3. Pathologic reflux while off PPI based on Lyon criteria by either of the following:

             3.1. Conclusive evidence for pathologic reflux defined as acid exposure time (AET) >
             6% or LA grade C or D esophagitis.

             3.2. Borderline evidence of pathologic reflux defined as presence of one of the
             following parameters: AET 4-6%, LA grade A or B, and signed informed consent.

          4. Commitment to long-term study

          5. Ability to give consent individually or by a legally authorized representative

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Hiatal hernia > 5 cm

          2. Evidence of a major motility abnormality defined by the Chicago classification version
             3.0 (achalasia, absent contractility, esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction,
             distal esophageal spasm, or hypertensive peristalsis)

          3. Pregnancy (in females) at time of procedure

          4. Previous anti-reflux procedure, have contraindications to the procedure will be
             excluded from participation.

          5. Subjects requiring mesh treatment at time of procedure

          6. Provider discretion

          7. BMI > 35
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 22 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: The Effect of Broccoli Sprouts as a Nutritional Supplement in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients suffering from hypertension, having a diastolic blood pressure of above 90 mm
             Hg or a systolic blood pressure of more than 140 mm Hg.

          -  Patients suffering from NIDDM, according to present criteria for diagnosis of NIDDM:

          -  People with dyslipidemia (combination of total cholesterol above 5, LDL cholesterol
             above 3 and HDL cholesterol below 1.1)

          -  Healthy controls suffering from none of the above conditions, but otherwise (age, sex,
             BMI and lifestyle) corresponding to the patient groups.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients under the age of 18 at inclusion in the study.

          -  Pregnant or breastfeeding women

          -  Women of childbearing age with no safe method of contraception

          -  Patients receiving vitamin K-antagonists (coumarine, marcoumar etc)
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 80 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Diurnal Testosterone Concentration

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Men with testosterone deficiency:

          -  Ability to read, write, and understand English

          -  Male sex at birth

          -  Age greater than or equal to 18

          -  Age less than 46

          -  Diagnosed with testosterone deficiency prior to visit 1

          -  Screening testosterone concentration of less than 350 ng/dL

          -  Willing and able to comply with the study protocol

          -  Willing to provide informed consent for this study

          -  No previous exposure to exogenous T unless off therapy for at least 4 weeks

        Men without testosterone deficiency:

          -  Ability to read, write, and understand English

          -  Male sex at birth

          -  Age greater than or equal to 18

          -  Age less than 46

          -  Never diagnosed with testosterone deficiency

          -  Screening testosterone concentration of greater than 350 ng/dL

          -  Willing and able to comply with the study protocol

          -  Willing to provide informed consent for this study

          -  No previous exposure to exogenous T

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous exposure to exogenous T, clomiphene citrate, or other Selective Estrogen
             Receptor Modulators, unless off therapy for at least 4 weeks

          -  Serious psychiatric disease or uncontrolled medical illness, as suspected from the
             history or clinical examination

          -  Used any sex hormones or steroidal anabolic drug supplements within 28 days before
             screening testosterone collection

          -  Incapable of giving informed consent or complying with the protocol
Male
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 46 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment