Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 55-year-old white woman comes for a routine checkup.  She has no significant medical history and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  The patient's only medication is an over-the-counter multivitamin.  Family history is notable for a hip fracture in her mother.  Blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg and pulse is 112/min. She has occasional back pain and lives a sedentary lifestyle with the BMI of 24 Kg/m2. Plain X-ray of the spine shows mild compression fracture at the level of T10. X-ray absorptiometry studies demonstrate abnormally low bone density in the lumbar vertebrae and T-score values below -2.5, which confirms the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 55-year-old white woman

Clinical trial: Analysis of Bone Micro-Architecture as a Clinical Biomarker for Image-Based Fracture Risk Estimation.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age 60 or greater Caucasian female with confirmed osteoporosis via prior DEXA.

          -  Patients with known vertebral fractures (Genant Grade 2 or higher) and with no
             fractures (Genant Score <2) from prior DEXA/VFA analysis will be recruited.

          -  Patients with fractures must have at least one lumbar vertebral body with no
             fracture(s) (as seen on prior DEXA scan) for analysis.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Incidental finding to include pathology unrelated to osteoporosis that would directly
             affect bone architecture in the L spine (e.g. lytic bone lesions)

          -  Study DEXA scan reveals all lumbar vertebra have fractures (Genant >= 2)

          -  Orthopedic hardware in the lumbar spine region

          -  Unable to have a CT scan (e.g. too heavy for CT scan table, 660 lb. limit)
Female
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 60 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: The Arthritis, Diet, and Activity Promotion Trial

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Age ≥ 60 years.

          -  BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2.

          -  Knee pain on most days of the month.

          -  Sedentary lifestyle pattern (<20 min exercise per week for last 6 months)

          -  Self-reported difficulty with at least one of the following: walking 1/4 mile,
             climbing stairs, kneeling, bending, stooping, shopping, lifting, self-care.

          -  Radiographic evidence of grade 1-3 knee osteoarthritis.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Serious medical condition that precludes safe participation in exercise such as heart
             disease (angina, congestive heart failure), severe hypertension, COPD, renal or liver
             disease, insulin-dependent diabetes.

          -  Mini-mental state exam score <24.

          -  Inability to walks without a cane.

          -  Reported alcohol consumption >14 drinks/week.

          -  Inability to complete protocol.

          -  ST segment depression.

          -  Participation in another research study.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 60 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 50-year-old woman comes to the clinic with intermittent ear discharge and sense of hearing loss on her left ear.  Past medical history is significant for obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus.  Her medications include Metformin, Atorvastatin and Vit D supplement. Vital signs are normal. BMI is 37. Otoscopy shows a small perforation in the left tympanic membrane and a pearly mass behind the membrane.  Conduction hearing loss is noted in the left ear.  The remainder of the ear, nose, and throat examination is normal.

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic the other day because I had some fluid in my ear and I felt like I could not hear as well as I used to in my left ear. I'm a 50-year-old woman, and I have been obese for a while now. I have diabetes and cholesterol. I take some medication. I take metformin, atorvastatin, and vitamin D supplements. When I was admitted, my vitals were normal. My BMI is 37. When they looked into my ears, they said that my left tympanic membrane was broken and there was some fluid behind the membrane. During the hearing test, they could assess that my left ear suffers from hearing loss. They also performed ear, nose, and throat examinations that turned out to be normal.

Clinical trial: Spectroscopic Evaluation of Middle Ear Infection

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Male/ female at all age- newborn to adult.

          2. Non- pregnant woman.

          3. Diagnose of middle ear infection and plan for surgery procedure.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Pregnant woman

          2. Incompetent adults (i.e. individuals with cognitive impairment)

          3. No diagnose of middle ear infection and no plan for surgery procedure.

          4. Adults with cognitive impairment and children of parents that are cognitively impaired
             and thus are unable to consent will be excluded from the study.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.


Subject must be at most 21 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old man comes to the clinic for the follow up of his neuromuscular disease. He experienced gradual, progressive weakness of the left upper extremity over the last year.  Over the last few months, he has also noticed weakness in the right upper extremity.  BP is 120/75, PR is 80 and temperature is 37 C. Reflexes are brisk in the upper extremities, and the plantar responses are extensor.  Mild gait ataxia is present. The patient is under treatment of Riluzole 50 mg BID with the diagnosis of ALS.

Patient's own account: I've been suffering from a neuromuscular disease for a while now, and I went to my doctor's office. I'm now a 47-year-old man and over the past year I experienced a progressive and gradual weakness of my left upper extremity, and over the past month, I also noticed a weakness over my right upper extremity. My heart rate was 120/75, and my  PR was 80 with 37°C for temperature. My reflexes are not good in my upper extremities, and I have trouble with my balance. I'm also under Exservan 50 mg for my sclerosis.

Clinical trial: B3 for NMD: Bench to Bedside and Back

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

        Patients or blood relatives of patients classified as having a neuromuscular disease from
        the following categories:

          -  Motor Neuron Disease (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Spinal Muscular Atrophy)

          -  Neuropathies

          -  Neuromuscular Junction Disorders

          -  Myopathies.

        Exclusion Criteria:

        Patients referred to the neurology clinic without a neuromuscular disorder:

          -  Central nervous system disorders such as Stroke

          -  Multiple Sclerosis

          -  Parkinson's disease
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 9-year-old girl is brought to the office for evaluation of short stature and overweight body habitus. The patient's mother and father are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively.  On physical examination, the patient's height is in the 5th percentile of her age.  Other findings include low-set ears, a high arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus.  Chromosomal analysis reveals a 45, XO karyotype.

Patient's own account: I took my 9-year-old daughter to the doctor because my mother-in-law kept saying she seemed small and overweight. My husband and I are 170 cm and 181 cm tall, respectively. The physical health highlighted that she is in the 5th percentile of her age. The doctor said that she has low-set ears, a high-arched palate, a webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. She also did a chromosomal analysis, which revealed a 45, XO karyotype.

Clinical trial: Effect of Television Viewing and Exercise on Appetite, Satiety, and Food Intake in Children

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  overall healthy, normal weight (between the 5th and 85th BMI percentile for age and
             gender) 9 to 14 year old boys and girls (peripubertal) born at term and at a normal
             birth weight, and does not receive any medications

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  significant learning, behavioral, or emotional difficulties, restricted diet, food
             allergies to test treatments
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 9 Years old.
Subject must be at most 14 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 67-year-old woman comes to the clinic due to recent episode of choking, dysphagia, and cough.  Her other medical problems include hypertension, dyslipidemia, and osteoarthritis.  She does not smoke or use alcohol. She lives with her husband and she is able to do her own daily activities. She used to teach elementary school. Blood pressure is 135/80 mm Hg.  The patient's breath smells bad. Other physical examinations are normal.  A barium swallow study reveals an abnormality in the upper esophagus with an outpouching at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus.

Patient's own account: I'm a 67-year-old lady, and I went to the clinic due to nonstop choking, difficulty swallowing, and coughing. I also suffer from hypertension, cholesterol, and osteoarthritis. I do not smoke or drink alcohol. I live with my husband, and we are independent retired elementary school teachers. During the exam, my blood pressure was 135/80 mm Hg. The doctor told me I had a smelly breath. How embarrassing! The rest of my physical exam was normal. I did a barium swallow test, which is an X-ray of my throat, which revealed a problem in the upper part of my esophagus, where there's a small pouch or bulge at the spot where my throat meets the esophagus.

Clinical trial: The Effect of a Complementary Multi Disciplinary Program on Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Adult men and women over 18 years.

          -  Patients using anti hypertensive medications with mean systolic blood pressure
             measurements of 120-180 mm Hg and/or mean diastolic measurements of 70-100 mm Hg as
             determined by a 24 hour Holter test.

          -  Patients not using anti hypertensive medications with mean systolic blood pressure
             measurements of 130-180 mm Hg and or mean diastolic measurements of 80-100 mmHg.

          -  Signed informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Cardiovascular event within the past 6 months

          -  Inability to walk independently for 15 or less minutes.

          -  Poorly controlled insulin dependant diabetes mellitus with Hg A1c measurements over
             7.5.

          -  Inflammatory bowl disorders

          -  Acute malignancy with life expectancy of less than 5 years.

          -  Pregnancy or lactation

          -  A body mass index of more than 35.

          -  More than 20 alcoholic beverages per weak.

          -  Change in anti hypertensive medications within the last 3 months.

          -  Planning to change smoking habits
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Chronic Pain After Inguinal Hernia Repair, the ONSTEP Technique Versus the Laparoscopic Approach

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Clinical diagnose of a primary groin hernia that requires surgical intervention.

          -  Eligible for procedure performed under general anesthesia.

          -  Eligible for both laparoscopic and Onstep procedure.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Not able to understand Danish/Swedish, written and spoken.

          -  Emergency procedures.

          -  Previous inguinal hernia on ipsilateral side.

          -  ASA score more than 3.

          -  Irreducible inguinoscrotal hernia.

          -  Local or systemic infection.

          -  Contralateral hernia being operated at the same time or planned operated during
             follow-up.

          -  Other abdominal hernias being operated at the same time or planned operated during
             follow-up.

          -  Previous surgery that has impaired the sensation in the groin area.

          -  BMI > 40 or < 20.

          -  Daily intake of alcohol >5 units, 1 unit = 12g pure alcohol.

          -  Known disease which impairs central or peripheral nerve function.

          -  Concurrent malignant disease.

          -  Impairment of cognitive function (e.g. dementia).

          -  Chronic pain that requires medication.

          -  Mental disorder that requires medication.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 47-year-old woman comes to the office complaining of pain in the calf and knee when she bends down. The pain limits her activity. Her medical history is significant for osteoarthritis, for which she uses nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the past two years. She is living with her husband and has 3 children. She doesn't smoke but drinks alcohol occasionally. Her vital signs are normal. On physical examination, there is a small effusion in the right knee. The effusion grew a little larger and she developed a tender swelling in the popliteal fossa and calf. Both the pain and swelling worsened as she bent and straightened her knee.

Patient's own account: I'm a 47-year-old woman, married with 3 kids. I don't smoke and I drink occasionally. I went to the doctor because of pain in my calf and knee when I was bending down. This has been limiting my daily activities. I have been diagnosed with osteoarthritis for which I have taken anti-inflammatory drugs for the past 2 years. The doctor saw a small fluid buildup in my right knee. This buildup became a bit bigger and I have a swollen calf. The pain is worse when I bend and straighten my knee.

Clinical trial: A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Analgesics on a Walking Model of Knee Pain (0000-105)(COMPLETED)

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Has osteoarthritis of the knee and primary source of pain is knee

          -  Females must not be pregnant or nursing and must agree to use birth control throughout
             the study

          -  Is willing to limit alcohol and caffeine intake

          -  Is willing to abstain from smoking during study visits

          -  Must be able to walk on a treadmill at a pace of at least 1 mile/hour

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Has a medical/arthritic disease that would interfere with evaluation

          -  Is unable to take naproxen or Ultracet

          -  Has congestive heart failure or angina

          -  Has a history of stroke

          -  Has a history of uncontrolled high blood pressure

          -  Has a history of cancer

          -  Regularly uses a walker or cane
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 45 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: The Effect of an Individualized Education Intervention on Pain Following Inguinal Hernia Repair Surgery

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  male

          -  able to speak, read and understand English,

          -  have telephone access.

          -  are scheduled for a unilateral inguinal hernia repair.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  patients scheduled for a repeat IHR on the same surgical side

          -  patients who have emergency surgery.

          -  patients undergoing bilateral inguinal hernia repair.
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 48-year-old man comes to the office complaining of heartburn and acid reflux.  He has taken over-the-counter antacids but sees no relief.  Other medical history is unremarkable.  The patient does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Vital signs are within normal limits.  BMI is 31 kg/m2.  Physical examination is  positive for mild tenderness in upper stomach. Chest x-ray shows an air-fluid opacity behind the heart.  A barium swallow study reveals approximately 1/3 of the stomach herniating through the esophageal hiatus.

Patient's own account: I went to my doctor's office because of a non-stop heartburn and some acid reflux. I took over-the-counter medications, but it keeps going strong! I don't smoke, take drugs or drink alcohol, I'm healthy! The doctor took my vitals, which turned out normal. My BMI is 31, which might be a bit too much for a 48-year-old guy like me. They examined my stomach and found a mild tenderness in the upper part. I also did some X-rays, and they found out that I have an air-fluid opacity behind my heart. I did another X-ray, and it turns out that a part of my stomach went up my chest through a hole in my diaphragm!

Clinical trial: Role of Mosapride in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Aged between 18 and 90 years old

          -  Outpatients

          -  Characteristic GERD symptoms: acid regurgitation, heart burn, or belching

          -  Erosive esophagitis on upper digestive endoscopy, based on Los Angeles classification

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  History of allergy to lansoprazole or mosapride

          -  Pregnant or lactating women

          -  Uremia

          -  Decompensated liver disease

          -  Age under 18 and over 90 years-old

          -  Lack of informed consent
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 90 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 70-year-old man comes to the office accompanied by his wife.  The patient has experienced progressive memory loss over the last years.  He needs help with some of his routine activities, such as paying bills.  The patient's wife says, "He used to be such an independent person, but now he needs help with many things, even finding direction to home!"  Medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus.  Family history includes Alzheimer disease in his father.  MRI reveals diffuse cortical and hippocampal atrophy. The diagnosis of AD is made using the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria.

Patient's own account: I am a 70-year-old man, and I paid a visit to the doctor with my wife the other day. I noticed that I tend to forget small things and that my memory has decreased over the past few years. I even ask my wife to help me out with my daily routine. I used to be the one paying the bills, but now she has to give me a hand. My wife mentioned to the doctor that I used to be independent and that I tend to forget where we live. I suffer from hypertension, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. My poor dad was suffering from Alzheimer disease, so I hope I'm not going to end the same way! I did an MRI and they found out that some part of my brain was decreasing. I also did an Alzheimer test.

Clinical trial: Alzheimer's Family Research

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  A family member-caregiver (the medical decision-maker) for someone with Alzheimer's
             Disease

          -  Able to be interviewed in person in or around the San Francisco Bay Area

          -  Able to read and understand English

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  People who do not meet inclusion criteria or who become uncooperative or unwilling to
             complete the interview
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment