Mathilde/NLI4PR huggingface dataset:
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: An Open-label Dose Finding Study Followed by a Parallel Group, Randomized, Double-blind Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacodynamics of 12 Week BGS649 Treatment in Obese, Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadal Men

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Males who meet the criteria of obese, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism defined as:

               -  Patients with a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2

               -  Patients with a morning serum total testosterone level < 300 ng/dL on at least
                  two separate occasions during the Screening and/or Baseline periods.

               -  Patients with inappropriately low gonadotropins at screening given the low
                  testosterone:

          -  Luteinizing hormone (LH) ≤ ULN

          -  Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ≤ ULN

          -  Estradiol within or above the normal range (defined as ≥ LLN of the approved assay)

               -  Normal hypothalamic/pituitary function, including:

          -  Prolactin: within the normal range

          -  Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH): within the normal range

          -  Ferritin: within the normal range

          -  Patients agree to use a barrier method of contraception (e.g., condom), for the
             duration of the study and for at least 3 months following their Study Completion visit
             to prevent BGS649 exposure to their partners.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients with hypogonadism, not related to obesity or as a result of other underlying
             issues

          -  Patients with significant major organ class illness (e.g. kidney or liver disease).

          -  Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 30 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 20-year-old man comes to the clinic for his routine checkup. The patient wears glasses for myopia and takes no medications.  Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the patient is tall with long upper extremities and fingers.  The face appears narrow with down-slanted palpebral fissures, flattened malar bones, and a small jaw.  The lungs are clear on auscultation.  The abdomen is soft with no organomegaly. The patient is diagnosed with Marfan syndrome, and he is cooperative with his medical appointments. He is working as driver.

Patient's own account: I'm a 20-year-old guy, working as a driver and I went to the clinic for my routine checkup. I have myopia, so I wear glasses and I don't take any other medications. My vitals were normal. I also did a physical exam, and I was told that I have long legs, arms, and fingers. They also told me that my face is quite narrow, with down-slanted eyes and a small jaw. My lungs were fine and my tummy too. I have been diagnosed with Marfan syndrome and I haven't been skipping any medical appointments since.

Clinical trial: Study of the Efficacy of Losartan on Aortic Dilatation in Patients With Marfan Syndrome

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  10 years or older

          -  Marfan syndrome according to international criteria Signed informed consent

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Previous surgery of the ascending aorta, or surgery planned

          -  Non echogenicity

          -  Contre-indication lactose

          -  Pregnancy on going or planned within 3 years

          -  Breast feeding

          -  Participation in another clinical study

          -  Non member of the social security or CMU
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 10 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 33-year-old woman comes to clinic complaining of progressive fatigue, decreased appetite, and 11-lb weight loss in the past 2 months.  She uses levothyroxine because of the previously diagnosed Hashimoto disease. She has no other medical conditions and does not use tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drugs.  Physical examination shows a generalized increase in pigmentation of the skin.  Measurement of serum cortisol before and after administration of exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) shows no difference in the levels. Stable glucocorticoid replacement therapy starts for her with the diagnosis for primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)

Patient's own account: I went to the clinic because I was really suffering from fatigue and decreased appetite and I also lost 11 pounds over the past two months. I'm just 33 years old so that's not normal, especially for a woman. I take levothyroxine because I have been diagnosed with Hashimoto disease. I don't have any other medical condition, and I don't smoke I don't drink, and I don't do drugs. They also did my physical examination and they saw that I had an increase in pigmentation of my skin. They measured my cortisol level before and after giving me some ACTH hormone, and the results came back with no difference whatsoever. The doctor told me I have Addison disease and put me under glucocorticoid therapy.

Clinical trial: THIN Database Study: Resource Use and Outcomes in Patients With Adrenal Insufficiency Prescribed Hydrocortisone: Immediate, or Modified Release, or Prednisolone

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Cohort 1 (IR hydrocortisone): All patients with a Read code for AI and a prescription
             of IR hydrocortisone between 2010 and data extraction but no prescription for MR
             hydrocortisone at any time during this period, and no earlier prescription for IR
             prednisolone during this period

          2. Cohort 2 (IR prednisolone): All patients with a Read code for AI and a prescription of
             IR prednisolone between 2010 and data extraction but no prescription for MR
             prednisolone at any time during this period, and no earlier prescription for IR
             prednisolone during this period

          3. Cohort 3a (MR Hydrocortisone): All patients with a Read code for AI and a prescription
             of MR hydrocortisone between 2010 and data extraction

          4. Cohort 3b (IR to MR hydrocortisone): A sub-set of patients from cohort 3a, who have
             switched from IR to MR hydrocortisone.

          5. A list of pre-defined READ codes will be used to identify all patients with primary or
             secondary AI or CAH in the THIN database.

        Exclusion Criteria:

        1)Patients who have not received a prescription of hydrocortisone or prednisolone in the
        past five years will be excluded as the aim of the study is to describe recent experience.
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with a history of nosebleeds lasting for 1 hour. She has a history of heavy menses as well as occasional gum bleeding following dental procedures. Her mother also has a history of menorrhagia. Laboratory tests reveal increased bleeding time and slightly increased partial thromboplastin time. She has no other medical conditions and is otherwise healthy. Her coagulation study shows CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL. She is not smoking or using any kind of illicit drugs. She uses alcohol occasionally and is in ra elationship with her boyfriend for the past 2 years.

Patient's own account: I had to rush to the ER because of a non-stop nosebleed that had been on for 1 hour. As a 23-year-old, I always had heavy periods, and sometimes, my gums would bleed after going to the dentist or brushing my teeth. I thought that it was not very alarming since my mom also had heavy periods. I did some lab tests that showed that I had increased bleeding time and long clotting time. Otherwise, I'm pretty healthy, and I don't smoke or take any kind of drugs. I drink only at parties from time to time. I have been with my boyfriend for the last 2 years. I did a coagulation study and I got the following results: CB = 0.30 IU/mL and FVIII:C = 0.37 IU/mL.

Clinical trial: Frequency of Common Medical Conditions in People With and Without HHT

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Aged 18 or over.

          -  Capacity to fill in a questionnaire.

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Age under 18

          -  Unable to fill in a questionnaire
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 43-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 3, comes to the clinic complaining of recently painful menstrual cycles.  The patient's last menstrual period was 2 weeks ago. Urine β-hCG is negative. Menarche was at age 12, and menstrual periods occur every 28 days and lasts for 5 days.  She is sexually active with her husband and does not have pain with intercourse. BMI is 23 kg/m2 and Vital signs are normal.  On physical examination, the uterus is uniformly enlarged and tender. She is candidate for hysterectomy with the diagnosis of adenomyosis.

Patient's own account: I'm 43, and I paid a visit to my doctor because my last few periods were insanely painful. My last periods were 2 weeks ago. I already had three pregnancies that gave me the three lovely children. I did a urine test to check for potential pregnancy, and it came back negative. I started to have my periods at the age of 12, and I have been pretty regular with periods every 28 days for 5 days. I'm sexually active with my husband and I do not have any pain when we have sex. My BMI is 23 and my vitals were normal. The doctor performed a physical exam and found that my uterus was tender and enlarged. She proposed me a hysterectomy and diagnosed me with adenomyosis.

Clinical trial: Human Epididymis Protein 4 in Normal Menstruating Women

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  women age 18-45 years old

          -  regular menstrual cycles (every 25-35 days)

          -  normal BMI (19-25)

          -  no hormonal contraception in the two menstrual cycles prior to enrollment

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  pregnancy

          -  pelvic mass
Female
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 45 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 39-year-old man comes to the emergency department with an acute onset of severe left toe pain.  The toe is red and exhibits swelling. The patient is not febrile, and does not remember any recent trauma. Medical history is not significant except for the similar attacks and the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. His medication history includes Allopurinol to prevent gouty attacks. His father has the same medical condition. However, his older brother who is 41 years old is healthy with no history of gouty arthritis. Physical examination shows a swollen, tender first metatarsophalangeal joint.  Aspiration of the joint showed high leukocyte count, negative Gram stain, and numerous needle-shaped crystals, which is compatible with gouty arthritis.

Patient's own account: I'm a 39-year-old man and got admitted to the ER after an unbearable pain in my left toe. My toe was red and terribly swollen. I was still standing on my feet, not febrile and I don't remember hitting my head or anything. I don't have any special medical history, but I had been diagnosed with gout before. I take Lopurin to prevent my gouty attacks. My dad had the same problem, but my 41-year-old brother is healthy and does not have gouty attacks. The doctor did a physical exam and found that the joints between my toes and the rest of my foot were swollen and tender. The doctor renewed his diagnosis of gouty arthritis.

Clinical trial: A Pilot Study to Explore the Role of Gut Flora in Gout

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          1. Signed informed consent, demonstrating that the patient understands the procedures
             required for the study and the purpose of the study i. May be signed by parent or
             legal guardian in the case of minor or adult unable to provide consent

          2. Male or female of all ages. (interest is given to children who present with autism or
             Crohn's and whose parents wish to analyze their children's gut flora. Also of interest
             analysis of development of the child's microbiome. In the case of autism, the younger
             the child, the better to correct the neurological problems if an association is found
             between autism and the microbiome)

          3. Diagnosis of Gout by a physician

        Exclusion Criteria:

          1. Refusal to sign informed consent form

          2. History of bariatric surgery, total colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis or
             proctocolectomy.

          3. Postoperative stoma, ostomy, or ileoanal pouch

          4. Participation in any experimental drug protocol within the past 12 weeks

          5. Treatment with total parenteral nutrition
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.



Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): The patient is a 38-year-old man with cough and body ache that started 3 days ago.  He had fever and chills at the beginning and has low grade fever at the time of visit. He feels tired and sleepy. His body ache and myalgia get better after using Tylenol. The PCR test for Covid is positive. His vital signs are within normal limits with a body temperature of 37.9 C. There is no lymphadenopathy or white exudates in the pharynx.

Patient's own account: I was feeling really sick the other day, to the point that I showed up at the doctor's office. I was coughing, and my body was hurting for 3 days. I had a fever and chills and felt tired and sleepy. I got better after using Tylenol. They did a PCR Covid test on me, and it was positive! My vitals were normal, and my temperature was 37.9 C. I had no swelling around my neck or white spots on the back of my throat.

Clinical trial: Symptoms and Wellbeing of People Infected With Covid-19 Virus in Iceland

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Patients receiving care from the COVID-19 outpatient clinic at LUH during the first
             wave of the pandemic

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Young than 18 y.o.

          -  Do not understand Icelandic

          -  Died
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.

Subject must be at least 18 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 30-year-old man who is a computer scientist came to the clinic with the lab result stating azoospermia.  The patient is sexually active with his wife and does not use any contraception methods.  They have been trying to conceive for the past year with no success.  The patient has a past medical history of recurrent pneumonia, shortness of breath, and  persistent cough that produces large amounts of thick sputum. The patient had multiple lung infections during childhood. He does not smoke, use illicit drugs or alcohol.  The patient has no history of other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery.  On physical examination, the digits show clubbing.  An ultrasound shows bilateral absence of the vas deferens, and FEV1 was 75% on the respiratory function test.

Patient's own account: I'm a 30-year-old computer scientist. I did some lab tests that came back quite alarming, stating that I have azoospermia?! I'm sexually active with my wife and we don't use contraception. We've been trying to have a child for the past year. I have a medical history of pneumonia and shortness of breath and regular wet cough. I had several lung infections when I was a kid. That's why I'm very careful and don't smoke, do drugs, or drink. I don't have other medical conditions including allergies or any kind of surgery. The doctor did the clubbing test on my fingers, which was positive. I also did an ultrasound and it showed that I'm missing the tubes that carry sperm around. I also had a 75% for my respiratory function test.

Clinical trial: Group-based Intervention for Club Patrons

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Must be within age range, entering the club that night, group size must be 2 or more

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  working or performing at the club that night
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Subject must be at least 21 Years old.


Eligibility (NLI label): Entailment
Patient case (clinical description): A 49-year-old man comes to the office because of the bulging in his groin.  Physical examination shows a swelling above the inguinal ligament. When the patient is asked to cough, the size of the bulge increases.  His medical history is significant for mild dyslipidemia, which is under control by lifestyle modifications. He does not smoke, but drinks alcohol occasionally. His vital signs and other physical examinations are unremarkable. He is referred to a surgeon and scheduled to undergo elective laparoscopic hernia repair.

Patient's own account: I'm a 49-year-old man and I went to my doctor the other day because I could not stand that sharp pain in my upper thigh, it was so swollen! The doctor told me that it was swollen right next to my ligament. It's even bigger when I'm coughing. I'm suffering from high cholesterol and I already had to adapt my lifestyle to keep the disease under control. I do not smoke but to be honest I still drink from time to time. The doctor found my vitals normal. She gave me a note to see a surgeon to get my mass removed and get a hernia repair.

Clinical trial: Intrathecal Morphine for Inguinal Hernia Repair.

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  American Society of Anaesthesiology physical status I-II patients

          -  aged 18-65 years

          -  undergoing elective unilateral open inguinal hernia repair surgery

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  contraindications to spinal anesthesia

          -  central or peripheral neuropathies

          -  severe respiratory or cardiac diseases

          -  chronic analgesic use

          -  history of substance abuse

          -  allergy to local anesthetics
No condition on gender to be admitted to the trial.
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 65 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction
Patient case (clinical description): A 19-year-old male came to clinic with some sexual concern.  He recently engaged in a relationship and is worried about the satisfaction of his girlfriend. He has a "baby face" according to his girlfriend's statement and he is not as muscular as his classmates.  On physical examination, there is some pubic hair and poorly developed secondary sexual characteristics. He is unable to detect coffee smell during the examination, but the visual acuity is normal. Ultrasound reveals the testes volume of 1-2 ml. The hormonal evaluation showed serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low levels of GnRH.

Patient's own account: I'm 19 years old guy and I just went to see a doctor at the clinic after I just got with my girlfriend. I'm kinda worried because she thinks that I have a baby face and to be honest, I'm way less muscular than my classmates. I don't have much hair down there, and yes, I don't have that macho look. The doctor made me smell some coffee and I couldn't smell anything special. I also had some eyesight checkups and the doctor told me everything was normal. I got my test results back and it says: testes volume is 1-2 ml and serum testosterone level of 65 ng/dL with low GnRH levels.

Clinical trial: Effects of Testosterone Replacement on Pain Sensitivity and Pain Perception

Eligibility criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Men

          -  Age 18 years and older

          -  Non-cancer chronic pain

          -  Serum total testosterone level <350 ng/dl

          -  Consumption of at least 20 mg of hydrocodone (or analgesic equivalent of another
             opioid) for at least 4 weeks

          -  Absence of hospitalization in the past 2 months

          -  No acute illness in the past 2 months

          -  No current anabolic therapy (growth hormone, DHEA, etc)

          -  No current use or consumption in the past 2 months of melatonin

          -  Normal prostate exam

          -  Normal PSA level

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Cancer-related chronic pain

          -  Liver enzymes > 3 times upper limit of normal

          -  Serum creatinine > 2 times upper limit of normal

          -  Neurological disease

          -  Active psychiatric illness

          -  Any addictive drug use

          -  Alcoholism (>3 drinks/day)

          -  Patients currently receiving melatonin or anabolic agents

          -  Hospitalization in the past 2 months

          -  Acute illness in the past 2 months

          -  Consumption of < 20 mg of hydrocodone (or analgesic equivalent of another opioid)

          -  Severe BPH

          -  PSA > 4.0 ng/ml

          -  Prostate cancer

          -  Breast cancer
Male
No healthy subjects accepted to join the trial.
Subject must be at least 18 Years old.
Subject must be at most 100 Years

Eligibility (NLI label): Contradiction