MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Arvanitika
Borrowed from Greek αρβανίτικα (arvanítika), a dialectal variant of αλβανικά (alvaniká, “Albanian”) related to Byzantine Greek Ἀρβανίτης (Arbanítēs).
Borrowed from the Albanian word and self-designation Arbër, rhotic variant of Arbën.
beau sabreur
Borrowed from French beau (“handsome”) sabreur (“swordsman”), originally applied as a nickname of Napoleon's brother-in-law Joachim Murat (1767-1815) (see Scott quotation).
mune
Formed under the implication that the word immune was formed in modern English with the prefix im- and another word. The word immune was actually formed from a prefix in Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).
plus-
From plus, from Latin plūs (“more”). Coined by George Orwell in 1949 as part of the Newspeak in his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four.
Tadzhik
Borrowed from Russian таджи́к (tadžík), from Classical Persian تَاجِیک (tājīk).
piragua
From Puerto Rican Spanish piragua, from pirámide (“pyramid”) + agua (“water”).
tahsil
From Hindi तहसील (tahsīl) and Urdu تحصیل.
nawab
From Hindi नवाब (navāb)/Urdu نواب (navāb), from Persian نوّاب (navvâb), ultimately from Arabic نُوَّاب (nuwwāb), plural of نَائِب (nāʔib, “naib”).
tamasha
Borrowed from Marathi तमाशा (tamāśā), from Classical Persian تماشا (tamāšā), ultimately from Arabic مَشَى (mašā, “to walk”).
Tangier
Mentioned in Ancient Greek sources as Τίγισις (Tígisis), possibly from Numidian, since it was a Numidian city. Compare Punic 𐤕𐤍𐤂 (tng).
tapinosis
Borrowed from Latin tapīnōsis (“depreciation”), itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ταπείνωσις (tapeínōsis, “lowering”), from ταπεινός (tapeinós, “low”).
effleurage
Borrowed from French effleurage, from effleurer (“to stroke lightly”).
anecdota
From Ancient Greek, retaining the nominative-plural case ending -a (but in the alternative-spelling sense, misinterpreted as a singular case ending).
anecdotum
Back-formation from anecdota, reinterpreting the nominative neuter plural case ending -a as a Latin case ending (singular: -um), rather than (as is etymologically-consistent) as an Ancient Greek case ending (singular: -on, from -ον (-on)); perhaps reinforced by Latin anecdotum.
ynambu
Borrowed from Paraguayan Guarani ynambu, from Tupian inambú.
barghest
Probably inherited from Northern Middle English *berghgast, *barghgast, from bergh, bargh (“barrow”) + gast (“ghost”). Alternative hypotheses that first element is burgh (“town”) or bere (“bear”) lack semantic motivation.
wath
From Middle English wath, from Old Norse vað (“a ford”). Cognate with Scots wath, Swedish vad. Related to wade.
From Old Norse vað (“ford”).
telamon
From Latin telamon, from Ancient Greek τελαμών (telamṓn, “pillar shaped as a male figure, strap used for carrying”).
From Ancient Greek Τελαμών (Telamṓn, literally “the bearer”).
telmatology
From Ancient Greek τέλμα, τέλματος (télma, télmatos, “marsh, swamp”) + -logy.
cuspidate
First attested in 1693; borrowed from Latin cuspidātus, from cuspis (“point, tip”) + -ātus, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
First attested in 1623; borrowed from Latin cuspidātus, perfect passive participle of cuspidō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix)
tempeh
From Indonesian tempe, from Malay tempe, possibly from Old Javanese tumpi (“a food made from starch and tempeh”), or Malay tapai (“fermentation”).
Teotihuacan
From Spanish Teotihuacán, from Nahuatl Teōtīhuacān possibly from teōtī(uhtli) (elder god) + -huah (owner/possessor of something) + -cān (place of) meaning “At the place of the owners of the elder gods,” per J. R. Andrews’ “Introduction to Classical Nahuatl”.
tepefy
From Latin tepefacĕre, from tepere (“to be warm”) and facĕre (“to make”).
apanthropinisation
Coined by C. Grant B. Allen in 1880 in volume 5 of the quarterly-review journal Mind : Ap- (from Ancient Greek ἀπ- (ap-, “off, away”)) + anthropinism (“human-focused consideration”) + -isation, noun suffix denoting the action of the suffixed verb. See also apanthropy.
hakapik
From Norwegian Nynorsk hakapik, from hake (“hook”) + pik (“spike”).
mantinada
Borrowed from Greek μαντινάδα (mantináda), from Venetan matinada (“a song of the morning”).
wifehood
From Middle English wifhode, wifhod, wifhede, from Old English wīfhād (“femininity; the female sex”), equivalent to wife + -hood.
tetradactyl
From tetra- + Ancient Greek δάκτυλος (dáktulos, “finger”).
tridactyl
From tri- + Ancient Greek δάκτυλος (dáktulos, “finger”).
tetrapla
From Ancient Greek τετραπλᾶ (tetraplâ), neuter plural of τετραπλοῦς (tetraploûs, “fourfold”), from τετρα- (tetra-, “tetra-: four”) + -πλόος (-plóos, “-fold”).
Thar
Borrowed from Hindi थर (thar), from थल (thal, “desert”), from Sanskrit स्थल (sthala, “land”).
buffoon
From Middle French bouffon, from Italian buffone (“jester”), from buffare (“to puff out the cheeks”), of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Middle High German buffen ("to puff"; > German büffen), Old English pyffan (“to breathe out, blow with the mouth”). More at English puff.
Pandeth
Borrowed from Hindi पान्डेय (pānḍey).
smiter
From Middle English smyter, smitere, equivalent to smite + -er.
Jurchen
From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (trjuwk li^X tsyin) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning "reindeer people", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.
Thessalonica
Borrowed from Latin Thessalonīca, from Ancient Greek Θεσσᾰλονῑ́κη (Thessălonī́kē), named for Thessalonike daughter of Philip II, half-sister of Alexander the Great, and wife of Cassander of Macedonia, from Θεσσᾰλός (Thessălós, “Thessalian”) + νῑ́κη (nī́kē, “victory”), possibly named for her birth on the anniversary of the Battle of Crocus Field in Thessaly.
procatalepsis
From Latin procatalepsis (“anticipating and answering an objection”), from Ancient Greek προκατάληψις (prokatálēpsis, “seizing in advance”).
alexanders
From French alisander, apparently named for Alexander the Great, for one or more species thought to be endemic to Macedonia.
People's Liberation Army
Calque of Chinese 人民解放軍 /人民解放军 (rénmín jiěfàngjūn).
placeless
From Middle English placeles, placelees, equivalent to place + -less. Piecewise doublet of piazzaless.
demonomania
From Latin daemonomania; equivalent to demono- + -mania.
zahir
From Arabic ظَاهِر (ẓāhir).
Borrowed from Arabic ظَاهِر (ẓāhir), ظٰهِر (ẓāhir). The surname is mostly found in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
chapka
From Polish czapka (“cap”) or Czech čapka (“cap”). Doublet of shapka.
From Russian ша́пка (šápka).
lustless
From Middle English lustles, equivalent to lust + -less. Cognate with Dutch lusteloos, German lustlos. Doublet of listless.
Burhan
From Arabic بُرْهَان (burhān, “proof”), an epithet of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
avidin
From Latin avidus (“hungry”) + -in, based on its "hunger" for biotin.
chilopod
From Ancient Greek χεῖλος (kheîlos, “lip”) + ποδός (podós) (genitive singular of πούς (poús, “foot, leg”)).
Jehoshaphat
From Hebrew יְהוֹשָׁפָט, from יהוה (“Yahweh”) + שָׁפַט (shafát, “to judge”), meaning "Yahweh has judged".
delphic
From Ancient Greek δελφύς (delphús, “womb, uterus”).
ablatio
Borrowed from Latin ablātiō (“carrying away”). Doublet of ablation.
archosaur
From taxonomic name Archosauria (“taxonomic division of extinct reptiles”), from Ancient Greek ἄρχων (árkhōn, “leader”) + σαύρα (saúra, “lizard”).
Fourierism
From French fouriérisme, or by surface analysis, Fourier + -ism, named after French philosopher Charles Fourier (1772–1837).
zitan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 紫檀 (zǐtán).
Baba Yaga
Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *baba ęga (literally “hag of terror”), probably through Russian Ба́ба-Яга́ (Bába-Jagá).
manzanita
Borrowed from Spanish manzanita, so named because the fruits look like little apples.
cath
Clippings of various words, based on their shared prefix cath-, primarily from Ancient Greek κᾰθ’ (kăth’), κᾰτᾰ́ (kătắ, whence English cata-); the cath- in cathinone is from Catha, the genus name of Catha edulis, a Latinization of Arabic قات (qāt), the plant's native name (whence English khat).
transfigurate
From Middle English transfigurate, from Latin transfigūrātus, past participle of transfigūrāre.
dizi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 笛子 (dízi).
thelytoky
From Ancient Greek θηλυτοκίᾱ (thēlutokíā), from θῆλυς (thêlus, “female”) + τόκος (tókos, “birth”).
Malia
Borrowed from Hawaiian Malia (“Mary”) and in some cases from Mālia (“calm”).
Borrowed from Greek Μάλια (Mália).
Johansen
From North Germanic (Danish Johansen and Norwegian Johansen), patronymic from Johan + -sen.
goldless
From Middle English goldlees, goldles, equivalent to gold + -less. Compare Dutch goudloos (“goldless”), German goldlos (“goldless”), Swedish guldlös (“goldless”), Icelandic gulllaus (“goldless”).
sari-sari store
From Tagalog sari-sari + store. Tagalog sari-sari is a reduplication of sari.
chula
From Hindi चूल्हा (cūlhā), Bengali চুলা (cula).
explicative
From Latin explicātīvus, from explicō (“to unfold, open out”).
Croesus
From Latin Croesus, from Ancient Greek Κροῖσος (Kroîsos), from Lydian.
seedtime
From Middle English seed tyme, from Old English sǣdtīma (“time for sowing, season”), from Proto-West Germanic *sādatīmō, from Proto-Germanic *sēdatīmô (“seedtime”), equivalent to seed + time. Cognate with Icelandic sáðtími (“sowing time, seedtime”).
Compare also West Frisian siedtiid (“seedtime”), Dutch zaaitijd (“sowing time, seedtime”), German Saatzeit (“season for sowing seed”), Swedish såddtid (“sowing time, seedtime”), Faroese sáðtíð (“sowing time”), Old Norse sáðtíð (“April”, literally “seed time”).
obnubilate
Borrowed from Latin obnūbilātus, perfect passive participle of obnūbilō (“to cover with clouds or fog”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from ob- + nūbilō (“be cloudy”), from nūbēs (“cloud”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)newdʰ- (“to cover”). By surface analysis, ob- + Latin nubil- + -ate.
leam
From Middle English lemen, from Old English lȳman, from Proto-West Germanic *liuhmijan, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“light, bright”).
From Middle English leme, from Old English lēoma (“ray of light, beam, radiance, gleam, glare, lightning”), from Proto-Germanic *leuhmô (“light, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *leuk- (“light, bright”). Cognate with Icelandic ljómi (“gleam, ray, beam, flash of light”), Latin lumen (“light”).
corbeil
From French corbeil, from Latin corbicula, from corbis (“a basket”). Doublet of corbicula. By surface analysis, Latin corb- + -eil (“diminutive suffix”).
From French corbeil (“basket”).
coleoptile
A classical compound of the Ancient Greek κολεός (koleós, “sheath”) + the English -ptile (“leaf”) – the suffix representing the Ancient Greek πτῐ́λον (ptĭ́lon) – probably after the French coléoptile.
cavaquinho
Borrowed from Portuguese cavaquinho, from the diminutive of cavaco (“fragment of wood”).
tormentress
From Middle English turmenteresse. By surface analysis, tormentor + -ess.
dishful
From Middle English dishful, dischefull, dyschefol, equivalent to dish + -ful.
ciranda
Borrowed from Portuguese ciranda, which is from Spanish zaranda (“sieve”), from Andalusian Arabic سرند (sarand), from Persian سرند (sarand, “sieve”).
knottiness
From Middle English knottynesse, equivalent to knotty + -ness.
fretter
From Middle English fretere (“that which frets, devours, or corrodes”), equivalent to fret + -er.
croche
Borrowed from Middle French croche, equivalent to English crochet (“hook”), croc (“hook”), from Frankish *krok (“hook”), from Proto-Germanic *krukaz, *krōkaz (“something bent, hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, bend, wind”). Cognate with Old Norse krókr (“hook”).
Abednego
From Hebrew עֲבֵד נְגוֹא, itself derived from a reconstructed Aramaic name meaning likely "servant of Nabu" or "servant of Nergal".
chaqu
Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 岔曲 (chàqǔ).
Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 插曲 (chāqǔ).
contradanza
Borrowed from Spanish contradanza, from French contredanse, itself from English country-dance.
chatta
From Hindi छाता (chātā), from Sanskrit छत्त्र (chattra, “umbrella, parasol, chatra”). Doublet of chador and chatra.
Hellenic Republic
Calque of Greek Ελληνική Δημοκρατία (Ellinikí Dimokratía).
ged
From Middle English gedde, from Old Norse gedda (“pike”), cognate with Icelandic gedda (“pike”), Danish gedde (“pike”).
aimara
From a native name; said by Century to be Tupi, but perhaps in fact Cariban: contrast Emerillon taɾeʔiɾ (“aïmara”) with Trió aimara (“anjumara”).
ostalgia
Borrowed from German Ostalgie, a play on Ost (“east”) + Nostalgie (“nostalgia”).
suovetaurilia
Unadapted borrowing from Latin suovetaurīlia.
yandere
Borrowed from Japanese ヤンデレ (yandere), a portmanteau of 病んでる (yanderu), contraction of 病んでいる (yande iru), progressive tense of 病む (yamu, “to be sick”), and デレデレ (dere-dere, “in a lovey-dovey, infatuated, or lovestruck manner”, adverb).
Developed on the model of tsundere (“being cold and even hostile towards another person before gradually showing a warm and caring side over time”).
pandy
From Welsh pandy (“fulling house”).
From Latin pande (“hold out”), in schoolmaster commands pande manum "hold out [your] hand" or pande palmum "hold out [your] palm".
Lunfardo
Borrowed from Spanish lunfardo, probably from an alteration of lombardo.
glazen
From Middle English glasen, glesen, from Old English glæsen (“made of glass; glassy”), from Proto-West Germanic *glasīn. Equivalent to glass + -en. Doublet of glassen.
philologer
Either from Latin philologus or Ancient Greek φιλόλογος (philólogos) + -er.
tintinnabulate
From Latin tintinnabulatus (“furnished with a bell or bells”), from tintinnabulum ("a bell"). Akin to tinnitus.
greffier
From French greffier, from Late Latin grafārius, graphiārius.
hypertonia
From New Latin hypertonia, from hyper- + Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos) + -ia. By surface analysis, hyper- + -tonia.
confit
Unadapted borrowing from French confit, past participle of confire (“to preserve”), from Latin cōnficiō (perfect passive participle cōnfectus). Doublet of comfit, confect, confetto, and konfyt. Compare comfit.
avgolemono
From Greek αβγολέμονο /αυγολέμονο (avgolémono), from αβγό /αυγό (avgó, “egg”) + λεμόνι (lemóni, “lemon”).
pachamanca
From Spanish pachamanca, from Aymara pacha (“earth”) + manq'a (“food”).
capellini
1950s, borrowed from Italian capellini (literally “thin hair”), originally a diminutive of capelli (“hair”).
minke
From Norwegian minkehval, allegedly after a crew member of the Norwegian whaling pioneer Svend Foyn (1809–1894), named Meincke, who mistook a pod of minkes for blue whales.
Rastafari
Etymology tree
Proto-Semitic *raʔš-
Amharic ራስ (ras)
Amharic ተፈሪ (täfäri)
English Rastafari
From Amharic ራስ (ras, “Duke”, literally “head”) and ተፈሪ (täfäri, “revered”) from ተፈሪ መኮንን (täfäri mäkonn, “Haile Selassie”, literally “feared (son of) Makonnen”). More at Haile Selassie.
friulano
From Italian friulano (“Friulian”). In Italian the cheese is called montasio.
Friuli
From Italian Friuli, from Friulian Friûl, from Latin Forum Iūlīi (“forum of Julius”).
hieromonk
From Byzantine Greek ἱερομόναχος (hieromónakhos), from Ancient Greek ἱερός (hierós) + μοναχός (monakhós).
pur et dur
From the French pur et dur (“hard-line”, literally “pure and hard”).
manicate
From Latin mānicātus (“sleeved”), from mānicae (“sleeves”), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
abecedarius
Etymology tree
Egyptian 𓃾 (kꜣ)der.
Phoenician 𐤀 (ʾ)bor.
Ancient Greek Α (A)bor.
Etruscan 𐌀 (a)influ.
Latin A
Latin ā
Latin bē
Latin cē
Latin dē
blend
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āsjos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -ārius
Latin abecedāriusbor.
English abecedarius
Borrowed from New Latin abecedārius, from Late Latin. Doublet of abecedary.
songspiel
From German Songspiel, from Singspiel. First used by Kurt Weill in the title Mahagonny, ein Songspiel.
hanukkiah
Borrowed from Hebrew חֲנֻכִּיָּה (khanukiyá).
nougatine
From French nougatine. By surface analysis, nougat + -ine.
gosu
Borrowed from Korean 고수(高手) (gosu), literally "high hand". In English, the term is often used as an adjective in contrast to the original use as a noun.
brainpan
From Middle English brayn panne, from Old English bræġnpanne, corresponding to brain + pan.
Mangalore
Borrowed from Kannada ಮಂಗಳೂರು (maṅgaḷūru). See Mangaluru for details.
asteroseismology
From aster- (“star”) + -o- + seismology (“study of Earth's vibrations (ie. earthquakes)”).
Ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀστήρ (astḗr, “celestial body”) + σεισμός (seismós, “earthquake”) + -λογία (-logía, “study of”)
Dakshina Kannada
From Kannada ದಕ್ಷಿಣ (dakṣiṇa, “south”) + ಕನ್ನಡ (kannaḍa, “Kannada”), presumably a translation of the older name for the region, South Canara.
vates
From Latin vātēs, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“excited, possessed”); cognate with Proto-Celtic *wātis (“seer”) (Gaulish ουατεις, Old Irish fáith, Welsh gwawd) and Proto-Germanic *wōdaz (“mad”) (Old English wōd (“mad, frenzied”), Gothic 𐍅𐍉𐌳𐍃 (wōds, “possessed, mad”), Old High German wuot (“mad, madness”). More at wood (“crazy, mad, insane”) and wode.
arris
From Old French areste, from Latin arista (“beard (of grain), fishbone”). Doublet of arista.
chateaubriand
Borrowed from French chateaubriand, named after French Romantic writer François-René de Chateaubriand, who is said to have enjoyed this type of steak.
foiba
From Italian foiba. The term gained widespread use during and after World War II, when the Istrian foibe were used by Yugoslav Partisans as mass graves for local Italians. Doublet of fovea.
modaraba
Borrowed from Arabic مُضَارَبَة (muḍāraba, “venture”).
Italiote
From Ancient Greek Ἰταλιώτης (Italiṓtēs).
gephyrin
From Ancient Greek γέφυρα (géphura, “bridge”) + -in.
botryogen
From Ancient Greek βότρυς (bótrus, “cluster of grapes”) + -gen. By surface analysis, botry- + -o- + -gen.
grotesquerie
From French grotesquerie, from grotesque (“farcical, grotesque”) + -erie (“-ery”), from Italian grottesco, from grotta (“cave, grotto”) + -esco (“-esque, -ish”). Equivalent to grotesque + -erie.
tombak
Borrowed from Persian تنبک (tonbak). Doublet of dumbek.
From Dutch, from Malay tembaga (“copper”), from Sanskrit ताम्र (tāmra). Entered Dutch usage during colonial period. Doublet of tumbaga.
santur
Borrowed from Classical Persian سَنْتُور (santūr), of uncertain origin; sometimes suggested to be from Ancient Greek ψαλτήριον (psaltḗrion, “psaltery”).
ante litteram
From Latin ante (“before”) + litteram, accusative singular of littera (“letter, writing”).
monsignor
From Italian monsignore, from signore under influence from Middle French monseigneur. Doublet of monseigneur and monsieur.
hantavirus
Internationalism. Borrowed from taxonomic name Hantavirus, from the name of the Hantan River in South Korea. By surface analysis, Hantan + virus.
acanthocyte
From Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”) + κύτος (kútos, “cell”)
Taino
From Taíno taino (“lord, noble, foremost”).
From Italian Taino.
consummator
Borrowed from Latin cōnsummātor, by surface analysis, consummate + -or.
solifluction
From Latin solum (“soil”) + -i- + fluctiō (“act of flowing”).
frother
From Middle English frotheren, alteration of Middle English frovren, from Old English frōferian, frōfrian, frēfrian (“to console, comfort”), from Proto-West Germanic *frōbrijan (“to give solace or comfort”), of unclear origin. Cognate with Old Saxon frōvrian (“to console, comfort, help”), Old High German fluobren (“to console, comfort, help, assist”).
empanada
Borrowed from Spanish empanada, past participle of empanar (“to wrap in bread”).
ceviche
Borrowed from Spanish cebiche, of uncertain origin; see that entry for more.
sac-a-lait
From Louisiana French sac-à-lait (literally “bag of milk”), a folk etymology reinterpretation of Choctaw sakli (“trout”), ultimately from Proto-Muskogean *¢akliCo (“trout”).
boatful
From Middle English botefull, botfull, equivalent to boat + -ful.
leaguer
From Dutch leger (“army”), itself derived from Proto-Germanic *legrą. Doublet of lair.
kabocha
From Japanese 南瓜 (kabocha, “pumpkin, squash”).
kulcha
From Punjabi ਕੁਲਚਾ (kulcā). Doublet of kulich.
liftshaft
From lift (“vertical transport, elevator”) + shaft, from Old English sceaft, from Proto-Germanic *skaftaz.
ma huang
From Mandarin 麻黃／麻黄 (máhuáng).
Ma Nishtana
From Hebrew מַה נִּשְׁתַּנָּה (“Why is it different?”).
Garand
Borrowed from French Garand. The rifle is named after its designer, John Garand.
Remington
The surname is from Rimington, from Old English rima (“edge, border”) + -ing + -tun (literally “settlement by the boundary stream”).
Maccabee
From the Latin Maccabaeus, from the Ancient Greek Μᾰκκᾰβαῖος (Măkkăbaîos), from the Biblical Hebrew מַכַּבִּי (makkabbī).
Carrauntoohil
From Irish Corrán Tuathail (literally “Tuathal's sickle”).
machan
From Hindi मचान (macān, “platform”).
From Czech Macháň or Machaň.
Elissa
Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἔλῐσσᾰ (Élĭssă); probably from Phoenician 𐤀𐤋𐤀𐤎𐤕 (ʾlʾst /⁠Elishat⁠/), 𐤀𐤋𐤀𐤎 (ʾlʾs /⁠Elisha⁠/).
kogal
Borrowed from Japanese コギャル (kogyaru, “younger gyaru”) (see there for more), ultimately from English gal.
anapsid
From scientific Latin Anapsida, from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, “not”) + ἁψίς (hapsís, “arch”).
cynodont
From cyno- + -odont, from Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn, “dog”) and ὀδόντος (odóntos), genitive singular of ὀδούς (odoús, “tooth, tusk”).
biloquium
Probably coined by American novelist Charles Brockden Brown (1771-1810), from the Latin bi- (“two”) + loquor (“to speak”) + -ium.
annihilable
From Latin annihilābilis, from annihilō. Equivalent to annihilate + -able.
macula lutea
From Latin macula (“stain, blemish”) + lūtea (“saffron yellow”).
madapollam
From Telugu మాధపొల్లం (mādhapollaṁ), after the village of మాధవయ్య-పాళెము (mādhavayya-pāḷemu) in Andhra Pradesh, India.
Madura
From Indonesian Madura, said to be from madu (“honey”) + dara (“girl”).
syrah
Borrowed from French syrah. The derivation from the Persian city name of Shiraz (شیراز) is today believed to be a legend. The same goes for derivations from Syria, Syracuse or the Greek island of Syros. The name might be connected to the Celtic root Proto-Celtic *serrā, "billhook", referring to the method of harvesting.
brandade
From French brandade, from Occitan brandada, from brandar (“to stir”). Cognate to Spanish brandada.
hutong
Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 衚衕 /胡同 (hútòng), 胡同 (hútòng, “narrow street”), probably:
* from Mongolian гудам (gudam), from Middle Mongol ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮ (ɣudum, “corridor, passage, passageway”); or
* from Mongolian худаг (xudag), ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ (quddug, “water well”) (from the prevalence of wells where people lived).
Meshach
From Biblical Hebrew מישך (myšk /⁠mēšak⁠/), from Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *mayšáh (“sheep, ram”) with the hypocoristic suffix *-akah.
Shadrach
From Biblical Hebrew שדרך (šdrk /⁠šadrak⁠/), from Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Iranian *čiθráh with the hypocoristic suffix *-akah.
tarantism
From New Latin tarantismus + English -ism (suffix forming nouns of action, process, or result), from Old Italian Taranto (“seaport in southern Italy”) + Latin -ismus (“-ism”); see further at tarantula. The English word is cognate with French tarentisme, Italian tarantismo.
jostaberry
From German Jostabeere, itself derived from Johannisbeere and Stachelbeere.
trub
Borrowed from German trüb (“not clear, turbid”). Related to droff (“turbid, sorrowful, sad”)), Dutch droef (“sad, miserable”).
Gascon
From Middle English Gascoyne, from Anglo-Norman gascoign, gascun et al., Middle French gascon, from Latin plural Vascōnēs. Compare Basque. Doublet of Vascon.
byen
A dialectal reflex of Northern Middle English bane (“bone”), featuring the local change of Middle English /aː/ to /jɛ/.
anet
Inherited from Middle English anet, anete, annet, annete, from Middle French anet, from Latin anēthum (“dill; anise”).
correcta
Possibly an unadapted borrowing from Latin correctus (literally “corrected, improved”).
overread
From Middle English overreden, from Old English oferrǣdan (“to read over; read through; consider”), equivalent to over- + read.