MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
loli
From Japanese ロリ (rori), itself from English lolita or a clipping of lolicon.
kurta
Borrowed from Hindi कुरता (kurtā)/Urdu کرتا (kurtā), from Classical Persian کرته (kurta).
ratafia
Borrowed from Creole French ratafia, from the Latin phrase rata fiat (conventio) (“the deal is made”), a drinking toast expression to celebrate a deal or an agreement. Or, sharing an Arabic origin with arak.
tautog
Borrowed from Narragansett tautauog, plural of taut.
cag
From Middle English kag, of North Germanic origin, related to Old Norse kaggi, Swedish kagge.
From English dialect, from Middle English *kagge, perhaps from Old Norse *kagi, *kaggi, from Proto-Germanic *kagô (“bush, stump”). Cognate with dialectal German Kag (“cabbage stalk, stump”), Swedish kage (“treestump”). Possibly from the same root as Old Norse kaggi (“barrel, cask, keg”). Doublet of chag.
Uncertain. Cognate with Scots kag, kagg (“to vex, grieve”). Perhaps from Middle English caggen (“to tie, bind”), possibly from or related to Old Norse kǫgurr (“quilt, blanket, bedcover, coffin cloth”). Alternatively, perhaps allied with Norwegian Nynorsk kjaka (“to wrangle, harass”).
otoconium
A Latinised adaptation (taking the form of a Latin second-declension neuter noun in the nominative case, as if from a Latin *ōtoconium) of the French otoconie (whence otocony, otokony), itself formed from the Ancient Greek οὖς, ὠτ- (oûs, ōt-, “ot-; ear”) + κονία (konía, “dust”).
Bel
From Latin Bēlus, from Ancient Greek Βῆλος (Bêlos), ultimately from Akkadian 𒂗 (bēlum).
pachytene
From French pachytène, equivalent to pachy- (“thick”) + -tene (“ribbon”).
Coined by Hans von De Winiwarter in 1900 and in English by Edmund B. Wilson in 1912.
Smolensk
Borrowed from Russian Смоле́нск (Smolénsk).
Murmansk
Borrowed from Russian Му́рманск (Múrmansk).
disserve
From Old French desservir, from Latin dis- (“indicating negation”) + servīre (“to serve”).
monal
Said to be from Hindi मोनाल (monāl) or Nepali मुनाल (munāl).
cotyle
From Latin cotylē and Ancient Greek κοτύλη (kotúlē, “cup, half-pint”). Doublet of kotyle and kotylos.
handgrip
From Middle English hand grip, handegrip, from Old English handgripe (“handgrip”), from Proto-West Germanic *handugripi (“handgrip”), equivalent to hand + grip. Cognate with Dutch handgreep (“handgrip, grasp”), German Handgriff (“handgrip, grasp, handle, hilt”), Danish håndgreb (“handgrip”), Swedish håndgrepp (“handgrip, handle, hilt”).
symbolist
From French symboliste, coined by French poet Paul Verlaine in 1885.
peridium
A New Latin form of Ancient Greek πηρίδιον (pērídion, “little pouch”).
verset
From Middle English verset, from Old French verset; equivalent to verse + -et.
katsura
Borrowed from Japanese 桂 (katsura).
Borrowed from Japanese 桂 (Katsura) or かつら (Katsura).
splenium
Borrowed from Latin splēnium (“plaster, patch”), from Ancient Greek σπληνῐ́ον (splēnĭ́on, “pad or compress of linen”).
jabiru
From a Tupian term such as Old Tupi îabyru, said to mean either "swollen neck" or "one that spits".
nicotiana
Learned borrowing from taxonomic name Nicotiāna, from (Jean) Nicot (French ambassador to Portugal, who sent seeds back to France in 1561) + -iāna (adjective forming suffix) (feminine of -iānus).
correfoc
Borrowed from Catalan correfoc (literally “run [through] fire”).
kynurenic acid
From Ancient Greek κῠ́ων, κῠνός (kŭ́ōn, kŭnós, “dog”) + οὖρον (oûron, “urine”); so called because discovered in dog urine.
Irkutsk
Borrowed from Russian Ирку́тск (Irkútsk).
Kemerovo
Borrowed from Russian Ке́мерово (Kémerovo).
herpetophobia
From Ancient Greek ἑρπετόν (herpetón, “creeping animal”) + -phobia.
omakase
Borrowed from Japanese お任(まか)せ (omakase, “it's up to you”).
ostension
Borrowed from Middle French ostension, in turn from Latin ostensiō, ostensiōnem.
tave
From Middle English taven, from Old Norse *tafa, from Proto-Germanic *tabōn (“to grope, feel”). Cognate with Faroese tava (“to endeavour, exert oneself”), Norwegian Nynorsk tava (“to toil in vain”), German zabeln (“to move convulsively, sprawl, flounder”).
maguro
Late 19th century, borrowed from Japanese 鮪 (まぐろ, maguro, “tuna”).
kesh
Borrowed from Irish cis (“basket”). Doublet of cesta, chest, cist, and kist
From Irish.
kaccha
Borrowed from Punjabi ਕਛੈਰਾ (kachairā).
kanga
From Punjabi ਕੰਘਾ (kaṅghā).
dhol
From Hindi ढोल (ḍhol), from Sanskrit ढोल (ḍhola).
Araki
From Japanese あらき (新木, 荒城, 荒木).
From Persian اراکی (arākī /arâki).
Evenki
Derived from Russian эвенки́йский (evenkíjskij) or Evenki эвэнкӣ (əwənkī).
Borrowed from Russian эве́нки (evénki).
Yao
Borrowed from Mandarin 瑤／瑶 (yáo).
From Mandarin 姚 (yáo) and Hokkien 姚 (iâu).
Tsou
From Tsou Cou, an autonym based on cou (“person”), itself from Proto-Austronesian *Cau. Doublet of Thao.
From Mandarin 鄒／邹 (Zōu), Wade-Giles romanization: Tsou¹.
Shina
Borrowed from Shina ݜݨیاٗ (ṣiṇyaá), from Sanskrit श्रेण्यक (śreṇyaka), from श्रेण्य (śreṇya, “tribesman”).
hexecontahedron
From Ancient Greek ἑξήκοντα (hexḗkonta, “60”) + -hedron, from Ancient Greek ἕδρα (hédra, “geometric face”).
Eiffel Tower
Calque of French tour Eiffel. Named after its architect Gustave Eiffel (1832–1923). The sexual sense is based on a comparison of the steeple shape of the high-fiving arms to the shape of the building.
mesite
From French mésite (“mesite”), named by the zoologist Isidore Geoffroy in 1838. Perhaps from Ancient Greek μεσίτης (mesítēs, “mediator”), for these birds are of medium size.
seriema
Borrowed from Portuguese seriema, from Old Tupi seriema. The spellings with ⟨ca⟩ and ⟨ça⟩ were borrowed quasi-directly through Historia Naturalis Brasiliae.
schuit
From Dutch schuit. Compare shout ("flat-bottomed boat"), scout (“swift sailing boat”).
pleasable
From Middle English pleysable, from Old French plaisable; equivalent to please + -able.
piolet
Borrowed from French piolet, or its source, Franco-Provençal piolet (“small axe”).
suzani
Borrowed from Persian سوزنی (suzani, “of or pertaining to needle”).
apay
From Middle English apaien, from Old French apaiier (“to appease”). See Latin pax (“peace”).
beken
From Middle English bekennen, bikennen, equivalent to be- + ken (“to perceive”). Cognate with Dutch bekennen (“to acknowledge, confess”), German bekennen (“to admit, confess”), Swedish bekänna (“to profess, confess”).
withsay
From Middle English withseien, from Old English wiþseċġan (“to speak against; to denounce, renounce, or deny”), corresponding to with- + say. Cognate with Old Saxon witharseggian (“to object”), Low German wedderseggen (“to renounce”), German widersagen (“to renounce”), Dutch wederzeggen and weerzeggen.
with-
From Middle English with-, from Old English wiþ- (“against, away”, prefix), from Proto-West Germanic *wiþi-, from Proto-Germanic *wiþi- (“counter-, anti-, gain-, with-”), related to Old English wiþ (“with, by, near, against, beside, at, through, for, in return, opposite, towards, to”, preposition). Cognate with Old Frisian with-, Old Saxon with-, Danish ved-, Swedish vid-, Faroese við-, Icelandic við-. Related also to English wither-, and Dutch weder- (“back”), German wider- (“against”), German wieder- (“again”). More at with.
separatrix
Learned borrowing from Latin sēparātrīx, the feminine form of separator (originally owing to an implied līnea (“line”)), from sēparāre (“to divide; to separate”) + -trix (forming female agents). By surface analysis, separate + -trix. First developed as a decimal mark among the medieval Arab mathematicians, whence a shorter variant gave rise to the decimal comma employed by many European countries and their former colonies.
Gondi
Borrowed from Gondi గోండీ (gōṇḍī).
emoji
Borrowed from Japanese 絵文字(えもじ) (emoji), from 絵(え) (e, “picture”) + 文字(もじ) (moji, “character”). False cognate of English emotion and emoticon.
sudation
From Latin sūdātiō, from Latin sūdō (“to sweat”).
Saratov
Borrowed from Russian Сара́тов (Sarátov).
Ulyanovsk
Borrowed from Russian Улья́новск (Ulʹjánovsk), named (1924) after Vladimir Ulyanov, better known as Lenin.
orcos
From Ancient Greek ὅρκος (hórkos, “oath”).
furmint
From Hungarian furmint, from Middle French fromenté (“a type of grape”). Doublet of frumenty.
mahant
Borrowed from Hindi महान्त (mahānt), from Sanskrit महान् (mahān, “great”).
Dinka
From Dinka Jiɛ̈ɛ̈ŋ (“people”).
synapsid
From translingual Synapsida, from syn- + Ancient Greek ἁψίς (hapsís, “arch”).
ovipara
From New Latin, neuter plural of oviparus (“oviparous”).
From New Latin, feminine of oviparus (“oviparous”).
taeniodont
From Ancient Greek ταινία (tainía, “band, ribbon”) + -odont.
Locken
Probably an Americanized spelling of Norwegian Løkken or German Löcken.
carful
From Middle English carful (“cartful”), equivalent to car + -ful. Shift in meaning follows that of "cart" to modern senses of car. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Koareful (“a cartful”), West Frisian karfol (“a cartful”), German Karrevoll (“a cartful”).
Deane
* As an Irish surname, Anglicized from Mac an Deagánaigh (“son of the Deacon”), see Deacon.
* As an English surname, variant of Dean.
mathematic
From Middle English mathematik, from Old French mathematique or directly from Latin mathēmaticus, from Ancient Greek μᾰθημᾰτῐκός (măthēmătĭkós), from μάθημα (máthēma, “learning; mathematics”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”, adjective suffix).
Peterson
English, Scottish, and German surname, from Peter + -son. Found parallel in many other languages, such as Norwegian and Danish Pedersen, Pettersen, Polish Piotrowicz, Slovene Petrič, Petrovčič, Petrovič, Petric, Petrovic, etc. Also Americanized from Swedish Petersson, Pettersson.
Pedersen
* As a Danish and Norwegian surname, borrowed from Danish and Norwegian Pedersen. Compare Petersen.
* As an English surname, variant of Peterson.
charcutier
From French charcutier (literally “seller/maker of cooked meat”).
cholla
From a Mexican Spanish use of Spanish cholla (“head, skull”). Compare keel.
perendinate
From Latin perendinare (“to defer until the day after tomorrow”), from Latin perendie (“on the day after tomorrow”), from dies (“day”).
butsudan
From Japanese 仏壇 (ぶつだん butsudan), from Middle Chinese 佛 (bjot "Buddha") ＋ 壇 (dan "altar", "platform").
osmazome
From Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ, “smell”) + ζωμός (zōmós, “meat-soup”).
jivanmukti
Borrowed from Sanskrit जीवन्मुक्ति (jīvanmukti, “emancipation while still alive”), first element ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”). Doublet of quick, vital, biology, and zoo.
Hellenismos
Unadapted borrowing from Ancient Greek Ἐλληνισμός (Ellēnismós, “imitation of the Greeks”).
castoreum
From Latin castoreum, from Ancient Greek καστόριον (kastórion).
paramukta
Borrowed from Sanskrit परमुक्त (para-mukti, “supremely free”).
cogon
From Spanish cogón, from Tagalog kugon and Cebuano kugon.
comfrey
From Middle English cumfiria, from Latin (herba) cōnfirma in Pseudo-Apuleius, also called cōnsolida, cōnserva, cōnferva, from conferveo (“to boil together”); from the use of the plant in tea to aid in healing bones.
phrenesis
From Latin phrenesis, from Ancient Greek *φρένησις (*phrénēsis), a later equivalent of φρενῖτις (phrenîtis, “inflammation of the brain”). Doublet of frenzy.
maieutic
From Ancient Greek μαιευτικός (maieutikós, “obstetric”). The rhetorical sense comes from a passage in Plato's Theaetetus where Socrates likens his procedure to that of a midwife.
buxomly
Inherited from Middle English buxomly; equivalent to buxom + -ly.
labdanum
From Latin lādanum, from Ancient Greek λήδανον (lḗdanon, “gum”), from λήδον (lḗdon, “rockrose”), from a Semitic language; compare Akkadian 𒆷𒁷𒉡 (ladinnu).
jelutong
Borrowed from Malay jelutung.
Borrowed from Malay Jelutong.
grenache
From French grenache, from Italian vernaccia, from Vernazza, a town in Italy. Cognate to Catalan garnatxa, Spanish garnacha, Portuguese garnacha.
mainpernor
From Middle English meynpernour, from Anglo-Norman mainprenour, from mainprendre + -our. See modern French main, preneur.
koulouri
From Greek κουλούρι (kouloúri). Doublet of collyrium.
bocor
From Haitian Creole bòkò, from Fon bókɔ́nɔ̀ (“soothsayer”).
sriracha
From Thai ศรีราชา (sǐi-raa-chaa), named after the city of Si Racha in Thailand.
regnal
From Medieval Latin rēgnālis, from Latin rēgnum + -ālis.
Orenburg
Borrowed from Russian Оренбу́рг (Orenbúrg).
Ryazan
From Russian Рязань (Rjazanʹ).
maistry
Borrowed from Hindi मिस्त्री (mistrī), from Portuguese mestre.
majoun
Borrowed from Arabic مَعْجُون (maʕjūn, literally “paste”).
Lhotse
From Tibetan ལྷོ་རྩེ (lho rtse).
Kangchenjunga
From Tibetan གངས་ཆེན་མཛོད་ལྔ་ (gangs chen mdzod lnga, literally “five treasures of the high snow”).
makizushi
Borrowed from Japanese 巻き寿司 (makizushi, literally “rolled sushi”).
makimono
Borrowed from Japanese 巻物 (makimono, literally “rolled thing”).
mako
Borrowed from Māori makō (“shark”), a Southern Maori dialect form of the more standard mangō (“shark”).
Borrowed from Hungarian Makó.
Malabar
From Arabic مَلَبَار (malabār), first attested in the writings of Iranian scholar Al-Biruni (c. 11th century). The second element is Arabic بَرّ (barr, “land, ground”) or Persian بار (bâr, “coast”), and the first element is the same as the Byzantine Greek toponym Μαλέ (Malé), mentioned by traveller Cosmas Indicopleustes in the 5th century as a source of pepper exports, concording with modern-day pepper cultivation on the Malabar coast.
Mala ~ Male is, in turn, borrowed from Malayalam മല (mala, “mountain”). This is also the source of the name of the language: മലയാളം (malayāḷaṁ, literally “mountain place”). Compare Zanzibar for a possibly similar word formation.
mashgiach
Borrowed from Hebrew מַשְׁגִּיחַ.
waria
From Indonesian waria, a blend of wanita (“woman”) + pria (“man”).
soogan
From Scots suggan (“light saddle; bedroll”), from Irish súgán (“rope”), from Proto-Celtic *souggo, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sew- (“to bend, to cut, to drive”), see also Sanskrit सुवति (suvati). Doublet of sugan (“chair”).
woodhen
From Middle English wodhen, from Old English wuduhenn (“woodhen, quail”), equivalent to wood + hen.
malabathrum
Borrowed from Ancient Greek μᾱλάβαθρον (mālábathron).
malacostracology
From malac- + Ancient Greek ὄστρακον (óstrakon, “clay pot; shell”) + -logy.
malagueta
From Portuguese malagueta, probably via Middle French malaguette, from Italian meleghetta, from Italian melega (“sorghum”) and -etta (diminutive suffix).
There are various paths by which the name could have become applied to the African pepper. Medieval Latin melegeta was an Indonesian spice called after millet on the basis of the supposed resemblance of their grains. By the mid-15th century, the West African Grain Coast was known in Portuguese as costa da malagueta, whence the place name was borrowed into other languages and applied to its local products. Early English use reports that it was the local name of the spice, long preserved around Cape Palmas, which may indicate a Mande or Kwa origin, although such use is usually attributed to loanwords from Portuguese.
The unrelated Brazilian pepper acquired the name from its similar piquancy.
ecchi
From Japanese エッチ (etchi, “dirty; perverted”), which is derived from English aitch (“name of the letter ⟨H⟩”), which is an initialism of the romaji of Japanese 変(へん)態(たい) (hentai, “pervert”).
エッチ (etchi) is not a genre in Japanese; this is a development in English (Pseudo-Japonism), similar to that of hentai from 変(へん)態(たい) (hentai, “pervert”) above.
complication
Borrowed from Middle French complication, from Latin complicatio, complicationem. Morphologically complicate + -ion.
roza
From Hindi रौज़ा (rauzā, “garden; mausoleum”)/Urdu روضہ (rauza), from Classical Persian روضه (rawza), from Arabic روضة (rawḍa, “garden; meadow”).
Aristarchus
From Ancient Greek Ἀρίσταρχος (Arístarkhos).
kisaeng
Borrowed from Korean 기생(妓生) (gisaeng).
brise soleil
Borrowed from French brise-soleil, from briser (“to break”) + soleil (“sun”).
cancellus
Unadapted borrowing from Latin cancellus (“little crab”). Doublet of chancel.
cockamamie
Possible corruption of French décalcomanie (“process of transferring designs onto surfaces using decals”); sometimes erroneously claimed to derive from Yiddish.
pronk
From Afrikaans pronk (“to show off, strut, or prance”), from Dutch pronken (“to show off, be flamboyant”). See also prank.
Khitan
Reconstruction of Khitan 𘱿𘲫 (*qid ún, small script) or 𘱿𘱤 (*qid i, small script) under influence from Middle Chinese 契丹 (MC khejH|khj+t|khet tan).
Doublet of Cathay. Compare Russian Кита́й (Kitáj, “China”) and the various forms of Cathay (“legendary northern medieval China”) in European languages.
primiparous
From New Latin prīmiparus, from prīmus (“first”) + pariō (“to give birth”).
mridangam
Borrowed from Malayalam മൃദംഗം (mr̥daṅgaṁ), from Sanskrit मृदङ्ग (mṛdaṅga). Alternative forms are from various other Indian languages such as miruthangam, mirudhangam are borrowed from Tamil மிருதங்கம் (mirutaṅkam), mridang from Hindi मृदङ्ग (mŕdaṅg) etc.
lagune
Borrowed from French lagune, from Venetan laguna, from Latin lacūna.
Bhatti
Borrowed from Punjabi ਭੱਟੀ (bhaṭṭī). This surname is used mainly by a Jat, Gujjar Rajput tribe of Pakistani and Indian Punjab.
dukkah
From Arabic دُقَّة (duqqa, “powder, fine dust”).
pheno-
# From Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō, “to bring to light, make appear; to come to light, appear”). Compare -phan in such words as tryptophan.
# From phenyl + -o-.
grice
From Middle English gris, from Old Norse gríss (“male pig; pigling”). Compare Old Dutch gristo, gristio (“boar, wild boar”).
proventriculus
From New Latin proventriculus (19th century), from pro- + ventriculus.
Penza
Borrowed from Russian Пе́нза (Pénza).
Borrowed from Italian Penza.
gribenes
Borrowed from Yiddish גריבענעס (gribenes), from Middle High German griebe (“piece of fat, crackling”). Compare modern German Griebe.
Tyumen
Borrowed from Russian Тюме́нь (Tjuménʹ).
eruv
Borrowed from Hebrew עירוב / עֵרוּב (eirúv, “mixture”).
bigos
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.
Proto-Indo-European *h₁epsder.
Proto-Indo-European *h₁epider.
Proto-Indo-European *h₁pi
Proto-Germanic *bi
Proto-West Germanic *bī
Old High German bī
Middle High German bī
German bei
German bei-
German Guss
German Beigussbor.
Polish bigosbor.
English bigos
Borrowed from Polish bigos.
baptisia
Learned borrowing from taxonomic name Baptisia, derived from Ancient Greek βαπτίζω (baptízō, “to immerse”), in reference to the plant's use as a source of dye.
lightless
From Middle English lightles, from Old English lēohtlēas, from Proto-West Germanic *leuhtalaus; equivalent to light (noun) + -less (“lacking, without”). Cognate with West Frisian ljochtleas, Dutch lichtloos, German lichtlos.
ladleful
From Middle English ladelful, ladel-ful; equivalent to ladle + -ful.
kulfi
From Hindi क़ुल्फ़ी (qulfī)/Urdu قلفی (qulfī), from Classical Persian قفلی (quflī) from قفل (qufl), from Arabic قُفْل (qufl, “lock, bolt”).
kufi
Probably from Arabic كُوفِيَّة (kūfiyya, “keffiyeh”), perhaps via Swahili kofia (“hat”), though some sources suggest a connection to Yoruba fìlà (“cap”).
Kanaan
Borrowed from Arabic كَنْعَان (kanʕān). This surname is mostly found in Lebanon.
Lipetsk
Borrowed from Russian Ли́пецк (Lípeck).
retem
Ultimately from a Semitic language. Compare Arabic رَتَم (ratam), Biblical Hebrew רותם
pareve
Borrowed from Yiddish פּאַרעוו, פּאַרעווע (parev, pareve), of uncertain origin. Suggestions include:
* Perhaps from Middle High German bar (“bare, naked”), from Old High German bar, and thus cognate with English bare.
* Perhaps from a West Slavic source such as Czech párový (“occurring in pairs”), because according to Jewish dietary laws, meat and milk cannot be combined, but as pareve food contains neither, it can be paired with either meat dishes or milk dishes.
Kirov
Borrowed from Russian Ки́ров (Kírov). Renamed in 1934, after Sergey Kirov (1886–1934), a Bolshevik revolutionary and a Soviet communist assassinated in 1934.
Ivanovo
Borrowed from Russian Ива́ново (Ivánovo).
pugil
Borrowed from Latin pugillus, pugillum (“a fistful”), akin to pugnus (“the fist”).
huanghuali
From Mandarin 黃花梨／黄花梨 (huánghuālí).
Saluki
From Arabic سَلُوقِيّ (salūqiyy). Doublet of sloughi.
strozzapreti
From Italian strozzapreti (literally “priest-choker”).
stegosaurus
From the genus name Stegosaurus. From Ancient Greek στέγος (stégos, “roof”) + σαῦρος (saûros, “lizard”).
skordalia
Borrowed from Greek σκορδαλιά (skordaliá).
germ plasm
Calque of German Keimplasma. From circa 1892.
shmatte
Borrowed from Yiddish שמאַטע (shmate); originally from Polish szmata.
allocrine
From Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos) + κρίνω (krínō, “separate”). First attested in the late 20th century.
Aleppo
Borrowed from Italian Aleppo, from French Alep, from Ottoman Turkish حلب (haleb), from Arabic حَلَب (ḥalab), of uncertain origin. Theorized to be from Arabic حَلَبَ (ḥalaba, “gave out milk”), coming from the ancient tradition that Abraham gave milk to travelers as they moved throughout the region. Attested in Akkadian as 𒌷𒄩𒆷𒀊𒆠 (ᵁᴿᵁḫa-la-abᴷᴵ, “Ḫalab/Ḫalap”), Hittite 𒄬𒉺 (Ḥalpa), Ugaritic 𐎈𐎍𐎁 (ḥlb), Aramaic חלב (Ḥlb), Old Armenian Խաղաբ (Xałab), Ancient Greek Χαλιβών (Khalibṓn), and Classical Syriac ܚܰܠܰܒ (Ḥalpa).
ponderosa
From the specific epithet, New Latin ponderōsa (“heavy”), in reference to the wood.
wellaway
From Middle English weylawey, from Old English weġ lā weġ, alteration of wā lā wā, with substitution of Old Norse vei for Old English wā. Compare wellawo, weila.
osetra
From Russian осетра́ (osetrá, “of sturgeon”, genitive of осётр (osjótr, “surgeon”)), from the phrase икра́ осетра́ (ikrá osetrá, “caviar of sturgeon”)
soothly
From Middle English sothly, soþliche, from Old English sōþlīċe; equivalent to sooth + -ly.
hikikomori
Borrowed from Japanese 引きこもり (literally “pulling inward, being confined”) and is often translated as “acute social withdrawal” or shut-in.
tai chi chuan
From Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 太極拳／太极拳 (tàijíquán).
Danelaw
From Middle English Dene lawe, from Old English Dena lagu, from Dene (“Dane”) and lagu (“law”).
hematin
From Ancient Greek αἷμᾰ (haîmă, “blood”) + -in. By surface analysis, hemat- + -in.
papad
Borrowed from Hindi पापड़ (pāpaṛ), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀧𑁆𑀧𑀟 (pappaḍa), from Sanskrit पर्पट (parpaṭa). Doublet of poppadom.
bostanji
From Ottoman Turkish بوستانجی (bostancı), from بوستان (bostân, “market garden”) (from Persian بوستان (bôstân)), and ـجی (-ci, “maker, dealer”).
Sheilagh
Rare spelling variant of Sheila, anglicization of Irish Síle.
pyaemia
From Ancient Greek πύον (púon, “pus”) + αἷμα (haîma, “blood”).
antisigma
Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́σῑγμᾰ (ăntĭ́sīgmă)
coloboma
From Ancient Greek κολόβωμα (kolóbōma, “the part taken away from mutilation”).
keiretsu
Borrowed from Japanese 系列(けいれつ) (keiretsu, literally “system, series”), from Middle Chinese 繫 (ɣèj, “attached”) + 列 (ljet, “set, row”) (compare Mandarin 系列 (xìliè, “series, set”)).
mallam
From Arabic مُعَلِّم (muʕallim, “teacher”).
opus spicatum
Borrowed from Latin opus spīcātum (literally “spiked work”), from the resemblance to the interlocking patterns of grain spikes.
aeromancer
From Middle English ayeromauncer, equivalent to aeromancy + -er.
narcocorrido
From Spanish narcocorrido, from narco- (“drug”) + corrido (“ballad”).
alogia
From Ancient Greek ἀλογία (alogía, “absurdity; confusion; irrationality; speechlessness”). By surface analysis, a- + -logia.
ordalium
From New Latin ordālium, from Medieval Latin ordālium, from Old English ordāl (“ordeal”), from Proto-West Germanic *uʀdailī. More at ordeal.
ordalian
From Middle English ordal (“ordeal”) + -ian (compare Medieval Latin ordalium), equivalent to ordeal + -ian.
alveus
Borrowed from Latin alveus (“hollow trough-shaped vessel, trough, bath tub, hull, hold, ship, boat, channel or bed (of a river or trench), beehive”). First attested in the late 17th century in an earlier sense.
calin
From French calin, calain, from Portuguese calaim, from Arabic قَلَعِيّ (qalaʕiyy).
warrener
From Middle English warenner, warner, from Anglo-Norman warennier, variant of garennier; equivalent to warren + -er.
pozzolana
Borrowed from Italian pozz(u)olana, earth of Pozzuoli, a town near Naples, itself from Latin Puteoli, ultimately from the verb puteō (“stink”).
charakter
Directly borrowed from Ancient Greek χαρακτήρ (kharaktḗr). Doublet of character.
taig
From the Irish first name Tadhg, and thus probably cognate to Teagan and Tegan.
Swaminarayan
Borrowed from Gujarati સ્વામિનારાયણ (svāminārāyaṇ) .