MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
gonodactyloid
From Gonodactylus + -oid, from gono- (“joint”) from Ancient Greek γόνυ (gónu, “knee, joint”) and Ancient Greek δάκτυλος (dáktulos, “finger”)), in reference to the species' specialized appendages.
Tianshuihai
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 甜水海 (Tiánshuǐhǎi).
Tien Shui Hai
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 甜水海 (Tʻien²-shui³-hai³).
Tianwendian
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 天文點／天文点 (Tiānwéndiǎn).
Lalibela
From Amharic ላሊበላ (lalibäla).
huabiao
From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 華表／华表 (huábiǎo).
Towcester
From Middle English Tofeceaster, the name of the Roman fort on the River Tove, from Tove + the Old English suffix ceaster (“town”).
alighten
From Middle English alighten, from a merger of Old English ālīhtan (“to alight, dismount”), from prefix ā- (compare Gothic 𐌿𐍃- (us-), German er- originally meaning "out") + līhtan (“to alight”); and Old English ġelīhtan (“to alight, approach, come, come down, dismount”); equivalent to alight + -en.
From Middle English alighten, from a merger of Old English ālīhtan (“to lighten, relieve, alleviate, take off, take away, alight”) and Old English ġelīhtan (“to lighten, mitigate, assuage”); equivalent to a- + lighten.
From Middle English alighten, from Old English ālīhtan (“to light up, enlighten”); equivalent to a- + light. Cognate with German erleuchten (“to light up, illuminate”).
Karakax
Borrowed from Uyghur قاراقاش (qaraqash).
xianbing
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 餡餅 /馅饼 (xiànbǐng).
Carne
Two main origins:
* As a Cornish surname, from karn (“cairn”), from Proto-Brythonic *karn, from Proto-Celtic *karnos.
* As a French surname, from the noun charnière (“hinge, joint”). Also, from chair (“flesh”).
Church of Cyprus
Calque of Greek Ἐκκλησία τῆς Κύπρου (Ekklisía tís Kýprou)
Moyu
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 墨玉 (Mòyù).
Jieyang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 揭陽 /揭阳 (Jiēyáng).
Horsted Keynes
Recorded as Horstede in 1086 (DB), from Old English hors + stede (“place of horses”). Manorial affix from possession by William de Cahainges (or Cahaignes) in 1086, recorded as Horsted Kaynes in 1307.
Girvan
Anglicisation of Scottish Gaelic Inbhir Gharbhain. Possibly from geàrr (“short”) + abhainn (“river”).
Alternatively, from garbh (“rough”).
Athol
From Scottish Gaelic Athall, possibly from Middle Irish aith- (“second, further”) + Fódla, a poetic name for Ireland.
Athole
From Scottish Gaelic Athall, possibly from Middle Irish aith- (“second, further”) + Fódla, a poetic name for Ireland.
Saybag
Borrowed from Uyghur سايباغ (saybagh).
Manglay
Borrowed from Uyghur ماڭلاي (manglay).
Purchaqchi
Borrowed from Uyghur پۇرچاقچى (purchaqchi).
Puqiakeqi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 普恰克其 (Pǔqiàkèqí).
Kawak
Borrowed from Uyghur كاۋاك (kawak).
Aqsaray
Borrowed from Uyghur ئاقساراي (aqsaray).
Yawa
Borrowed from Uyghur ياۋا (yawa).
Urchi
Borrowed from Uyghur ئۇرچى (urchi).
Tutbury
The second element is from Old English byriġ, dative case of burh (“fort”). The first element comes either from the personal name Tutta, or else from the personal name *Stūt, genitive singular *Stūtes, in which case the initial s- was lost, as similarly happened in the case of Nottingham. However, forms with initial s- are not attested until after the Old English period.
forecome
From Middle English forcomen, from Old English forecuman, from Proto-Germanic *furaikwemaną (“to come before”), equivalent to fore- + come.
Koxtag
Borrowed from Uyghur قوشتاغ (qoshtagh).
Sanju
Borrowed from Uyghur سانجۇ (sanju).
Brinklow
From Old English brince (“brink of a hill, steep slope”) + hlǣw (“mountain, hill, mound”).
Xaidulla
Borrowed from Uyghur شەيدۇللا (sheydulla), ultimately from Arabic شَهِيدُ اللّٰه (šahīdu allāh, literally “witness of God”).
desktop mascot
Calque of Japanese デスクトップマスコット, from English desktop + mascot.
Dubeolsik
From Korean 두벌식 (dubeolsik).
Sebeolsik
From Korean 세벌식 (sebeolsik).
jjinppang
From Korean 찐빵 (jjinppang).
Kiliyang
Borrowed from Uyghur كىلىياڭ (kiliyang).
Pudong
The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 浦東 /浦东 (Pǔdōng, literally “East Bank”), derived from its position east of the Huangpu River.
Borrowed from Kankanaey Pudong. See that for more info.
Guma
Borrowed from Uyghur گۇما (guma).
Borrowed from Dzongkha གུ་མ་ (gu ma).
Penistone
Perhaps from Proto-Brythonic *penn (“head”) + Old English -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”). No relation to penis.
Pixna
Borrowed from Uyghur پىشنا (pishna).
asabiyyah
From Arabic عَصَبِيَّة (ʕaṣabiyya), originally having the connotation of tribalism. Expanded by Ibn Khaldun to include social cohesion in large societies.
Kokterak
Borrowed from Uyghur كۆكتېرەك (köktërek).
Kokterek
Borrowed from Uyghur كۆكتېرەك (köktërek).
Zangguy
Borrowed from Uyghur زاڭگۇي (zangguy).
sitiogonic
From sitio- + -gon + -ic, from Ancient Greek σῖτος (sîtos, “food, grain”) + γόνος (gónos, “creation”).
Garstang
From Old Norse geirr (“spear, lance”) + stǫng (“staff, pole”).
Calthwaite
From Old Norse kalfr (“calf”) + þveit (“clearing”).
langgar
From Malay langgar, from Classical Persian لنگر (langar, “the house or monastery of the Calendars or Muhammadan monks”, literally “anchor”), from Ancient Greek ἄγκῡρα (ánkūra), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“corner, hirn”).
Sense of kitchen from Punjabi ਲੰਗਰ (laṅgar, “public kitchen, almshouse”) from the same Persian root above influenced by said Malay loan.
Unadapted borrowing from Malay langgar (“to collide”).
Lesnik
From a Slavic language, e.g. from Slovene lešnik, Czech Lesník, or Polish leśnik (“forester”). Compare Lessing.
Photius
Learned borrowing from Latin Phōtius, from Ancient Greek Φώτιος (Phṓtios).
Ocenas
From Slovak Očenáš or Serbo-Croatian Očenaš.
Ocsenas
From Hungarian Ocsenás, from a Slavic language, e.g. Slovak Očenáš or Serbo-Croatian Očenaš.
Warter
The village is from Old English weargtrēow (“gallows”, literally “tree of the felon”). Or, from wearrtrēow (“callused tree”), from wearr + trēow. The surname derives from the place.
The surname is sometimes confused with Water.
Beeching
Topographic surname from either Old English bæc (“stream, brook”) or bēċe (“beech”).
Panipat
Borrowed from Hindi पानीपत (pānīpat), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀡𑁆𑀡𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀢 (paṇṇapatta) or 𑀧𑀦𑁆𑀦𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀢 (pannapatta), from Sanskrit पाण्डुप्रस्थ (pāṇḍuprastha, “City of Pāṇḍu”), from पाण्डु (pāṇḍu, “A character from the Mahabharata”) and प्रस्थ (prastha, “city”).
bacanora
From Spanish bacanora, from the name of the Mexican town Bacanora.
blood avenger
Eventually probably after Biblical Hebrew גֹּאֵל דָם (gōʾēl dām).
Taplow
From Old English *Tæppa + hlæw (“mound”), meaning "Tæppa's barrow." The personal name could be from the adjective top (“top, crest”) (from Proto-West Germanic *topp). See Taplow burial.
Salovey
From Belarusian салавей (salavjej, “nightingale”) or Russian соловей (solovej, “nightingale”).
Solovay
From Ukrainian соловей (solovej, “nightingale”) or Russian соловей (solovej, “nightingale”).
Solovey
From Ukrainian соловей (solovej, “nightingale”) or Russian соловей (solovej, “nightingale”).
Salovei
From Belarusian салавей (salavjej, “nightingale”) or Russian соловей (solovej, “nightingale”).
Yanling
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 鄢陵 (Yānlíng).
Xuchang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 許昌 /许昌 (Xǔchāng).
Yen-ling
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 鄢陵 (Yen¹-ling²).
Zhangqiao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 張橋／张桥 (Zhāngqiáo).
Bily
From Czech bílý (“white”) or Ukrainian білий (bilyj, “white”).
Chang-ch'iao
From the Wade-Giles romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 張橋／张桥 (Chang¹-chʻiao²).
Pontarddulais
From Welsh Pontarddulais; traditionally spelt Pontardulais.
Taocheng
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 桃城 (Táochéng).
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 陶城 (Táochéng).
Takacs
From Hungarian Takács, from Hungarian takács, from Proto-Slavic *tъkačь.
Laskuy
Borrowed from Uyghur لاسكۇي (laskuy).
Baghchi
Borrowed from Uyghur باغچى (baghchi).
Kirkby Thore
Both Kirkby and Thore are from Old Norse, first recorded as Kirkebythore.
Nunthorpe
From Old English nunne (“nun”) + Old Norse þorp (“village, settlement”).
Saltburn
From Old English sealt (“salt”) + burna (“stream”), in reference to the alum found in the area.
Bucknell
From the genitive form of either the Old English personal name Bucca or bucca (“he-goat”) + hyll (“hill”).
Deccani
From Deccani دکنی (compare Hindi दक्खिनी (dakkhinī)).
Foxton
From Old English fox (“fox”) + either tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”) or denu (“valley”).
galactoid
Ultimately from Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”) + -oid.
Ayton
Probably from Old English ēa (“river”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
magenstrasse
From German Magenstraße, from Magen (“stomach”) + Straße (“road, street”).
Ozymandias
From Ancient Greek Ὀσυμανδύας (Osumandúas), from Demotic Egyptian wsr-mꜣꜥ.t-rꜥ, smn-rꜥ, ns-mn-rꜥ, from Egyptian wsr-mꜣꜥt-rꜥ, the first part of the throne name of pharaoh Ramesses II. Modern usage derives from the poem Ozymandias, about a proud king whose empire and memory have long since crumbled into obscurity, written by Percy Bysshe Shelley and inspired by Diodorus Siculus's description of a colossal statue in the Ramesseum.
Wednesbury
From Middle English Wadnesberie, from Old English divinity Wōden, genitive case Wōdnes + byriġ, from burg (“fort”), meaning "Woden's stronghold".
Grantchester
Appeared in the Domesday Book as Granteseta (settlers on the River Granta). The present spelling is derived from Old English ceaster.
Penarth
From Welsh Penarth, from pennarth (“promontory”).
Zaba
From Polish żaba, Czech žába, or Slovak, Slovene and Serbo-Croatian žaba, all meaning frog.
Honeybourne
From Old English huniġ (“honey”) + burna (“stream, brook”).
Wolstenholme
Habitational surname from a minor place in Lancashire, from the Old English personal name Wulfstān, which is composed of the elements wulf (“wolf”) and stān (“stone”), + Old Norse holmr (“island”).
Menaca
From Spanish Meñaca, from Basque Meñaca, from Basque Meña.
Chayuco
Borrowed from Spanish Chayuco, from a Mixtec language; cf. San Juan Colorado Mixtec Tsàhà Yùcù.
Algiz
Learned borrowing from Proto-Germanic *algiz (“elk”). Doublet of alce and Alcis.
Funkspiel
From German Funkspiel; originally the name of a Nazi counterintelligence operation during World War II.
politocratic
From Latin politicus, from Ancient Greek πολιτικός (politikós), from πολίτης (polítēs, “citizen”) + -cratic.
politocracy
From Latin politicus, from Ancient Greek πολιτικός (politikós), from πολίτης (polítēs, “citizen”) + -cracy.
politarch
Borrowed from Ancient Greek πολῑτᾰ́ρχης (polītắrkhēs).
corrigate
Ultimately Latin corrigō, whence standard English words like corrigible, probably influenced by words like Danish korrigere, French corriger and German korrigieren; see -ate (verb-forming suffix)
Mitford
From either Old English midd (“middle”) + ford (“ford”), thus "the middle ford", or from Old English ġemȳþe (“a stream junction”) + ford (“ford”), "the meeting ford", to denote the village situated where the rivers Font and Wansbeck meet.
North Ostrobothnia
Calque of Finnish Pohjois-Pohjanmaa.
South Ostrobothnia
A calque of Finnish Etelä-Pohjanmaa.
Central Ostrobothnia
A calque of Finnish Keski-Pohjanmaa.
Yosoyuxi
Borrowed from Spanish Yosoyuxi, from a Mixtec language.
Wortley
From Old English wyrt (“plant, vegetable”) + lēah (“wood clearing, glade”). Equivalent to wort + -ley (“lea”).
fulu
From Mandarin 符籙／符箓 (fúlù).
Nouadhibou
Probably from Arabic نأو (“shelter, bay”) + Arabic ضَبَاب (ḍabāb, “fog”).
Ruabon
From Welsh Rhiwabon, possibly from rhiw (hill) + afon (river).
Pile of Bones
Calque of Cree Oskana kâ-asatêki (“the place where bones are piled”)
Wascana
Corruption of Cree Oskana kâ-asatêki (“the place where bones are piled”).
Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump
Calque of Blackfoot Áístsipakihkínihkoohtsi (literally “place where [they were] striking the head into”), traditionally spelled Áístipahskikikínikots or Estipah-skikikini-kots.
Etymology notes
The source word in Blackfoot either refers to the millenia-old practice of buffalo hunting — made possible by sending the animal in large herds down a cliff — or to the oral tale of how the buffalo jump got its name.
According to the University of Calgary, 150 years ago, a young Blackfoot man wanted to see the fall of the buffalo from below, but the hunt was so successful that day that he would end up buried down the corpses. When their relatives digged to take food back home, they have found his body, with his head smashed.
flesh glue
A calque of Ancient Greek σαρκοκόλλα (sarkokólla), from σάρξ (sárx, “flesh”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue, adhesive”) from its traditional use sealing wounds. Compare meat glue and German Fleischleim.
yeet hay
From Cantonese 熱氣 /热气 (jit6 hei3).
T'satsaot'ine
From Dogrib T'satsąot'ınę (“Copper People”).
gramogram
From Ancient Greek γράμμα (grámma, “written character, letter, that which is drawn”) + -gram.
Chek Hom
From Cantonese 赤坎 (cek3 ham3).
Hoi Ping
From Cantonese 開平 /开平 (hoi¹ ping⁴).
Hoi Peng
From Cantonese 開平／开平 (hoi1 ping4).
Kaiping
From Mandarin 開平 /开平 (Kāipíng).
Enping
From Mandarin 恩平 (Ēnpíng).
Heshan
From Mandarin 鶴山／鹤山 (Hèshān).
Nanhai
From Mandarin 南海 (Nánhǎi).
Farncombe
Recorded as Fernecome in the Domesday Book, from Old English fearn + cumb.
emaho
From Tibetan ཨེ་མ་ཧོཿ (e ma hoḥ).
Dearne
From Middle English Dern, Dyrne, Dirne, Dirna, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old English dierne (“hidden, concealed”), or of Celtic origin.
shabiha
Borrowed from North Levantine Arabic شَبِّيحَة (šabbīḥa, “gangsters”).
Clonmel
From Irish Cluain Meala (literally “honey meadow”), from cluain + mil.
Bansha
From Irish an Bháinseach (“a green or grassy place”).
Castleconnell
From Irish Caisleán Ui gConaing / Chonaill.
Suir
From Irish An tSiúir, Abhainn na Siúire.
Straffan
From Irish Teach Srafáin, Strafáin, An Cluanini.
Sobal
From Belarusian Со́баль (Sóbalʹ), from Belarusian со́баль (sóbalʹ, “sable”). Doublet of sable.
Nanzi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 楠梓 (Nánzǐ).
rutch
Partly from German rutschen (“slide”), partly (especially in Pennsylvania Dutch English) from Pennsylvania German rutsche (“slide; move around frequently”), and partly (especially in Amish use) from Plautdietsch rutschen (“slide”). Compare also West Country English ruge (“slippery”).
Corbridge
From Old English Corebricg, from a shortened form of Corchester (“a nearby city”) + Old English bryċġ (“bridge”).
Tahoma
From earlier Takhoma (“the area south of Seattle”), borrowed from Lushootseed təˈkhoʊʔməʔ, təlˈkhoʊʔbəʔ, təloʊʔl (the area surrounding Mount Rainier), from təˡqʷuʔbəʔ (“mother of waters”) in a direct reference to Mount Rainier.
Hetian
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 和田 (Hétián).
Bageqi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 巴格其 (Bāgéqí).
medicamentous
Borrowed from French médicamenteux; equivalent to medicament + -ous.
Jeshua
From Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ (Yēšū́a, “Jesus” or “Joshua”). Cognate directly equivalent to Jesus via Latin Iēsūs and Ancient Greek Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs) from nearly identical Aramaic יֵשׁוּע (Yēšū́ʿ). Cognate to Joshua from related variant Hebrew form יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yĕhōšúa, “Joshua”).
Gatt
Various origins:
* A variant of Galt, a Scottish surname.
* Borrowed from South German Gatt, a short form of a personal name containing Middle High German gate (“companion”); compare modern German Gatte (“husband”).
* Borrowed from Maltese Gatt, which could derive from Italian gatto (“cat”) or be a short form of the personal name Agatha.
winetree
From Middle English wintre, variant of vyne-tre, from Old English wīntrēow, from Proto-West Germanic *wīnatreu, from Proto-Germanic *wīnatrewą, equivalent to wine + tree.
Atira
From Pawnee Atira, from Pawnee atira (“'our mother', voc. 'Mother'”).
Atira asteroid
Named after the first asteroid discovered in this class, 163693 Atira, named after the Pawnee goddess of the Earth, Atira, from Pawnee Atira, from Pawnee atira (“voc. 'Mother', 'our mother'”).
longevity noodle
Calque from Chinese 長壽麵／长寿面 (chángshòumiàn)
myroblyte
From Byzantine Greek μυροβλύτης (muroblútēs, “myron-gushing”), from the ancient μῠ́ρ(ον) (múron) + -ο- (infix) + the Hellenistic verb βλύ(ζω) (blúzō) + -της (-tēs).
Guliya
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 古里雅 (Gǔlǐyǎ).
anonymous sculpture
Calque of German Anonyme Skulpturen; the term was used by Bernd and Hilla Becher, who photographed such structures.
Vejovis
From Latin Vējovis, a later spelling of Vēiovis, from Old Latin Vēdiovis, from vē + Diovis from Proto-Italic *djous, *djowes, from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws.
Greengrass
From Old English grēne (“green”) + græs (“grass”), probably a toponymic surname for a person living near a grassland.
Yarden
From Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén, “Jordan”). Doublet of Jordan.
Wanganui
From Māori Whanganui. The spelling of Sense 1 and Sense 2 reflects a dialectal realization of the ⟨wh⟩ phoneme as [ˀw] in Taranaki and Manawatū-Whanganui.
Gazaean
From Gaza + -ean, modelled after Latin Gazaeus, from Ancient Greek Γαζαῖος (Gazaîos).
alexitery
From New Latin alexiterium and its etymon Ancient Greek ἀλεξητήριον (alexētḗrion, “remedy”), from neuter of ἀλεξητήριος (alexētḗrios, “keeping off, defending”), from ἀλεξητήρ (alexētḗr, “defender, protector”) + -ιος (-ios, adjectival suffix), from extended stem of ἀλέξω (aléxō, “to ward off”) + ‑τήρ (‑tḗr, agent noun suffix).
From New Latin alexiterius, from Ancient Greek ἀλεξητήριος (alexētḗrios, “keeping off, defending”); see Etymology 1.
Kugaaruk
From Inuktitut Kugaaruk, from ᑰᒑᕐᔪᒃ (koocaaryok) or ᑰᒑᕐᕈᒃ (koocaarrok) (lit. little stream).
Shlick
From German Schlick (“silt; mud, slime”), topographic for someone from marshy area.
Tlaxiaco
Borrowed from Spanish Tlaxiaco, from a Nahuan language, e.g. Classical Nahuatl Tlachquiyauhco, from tlachtli (“ballcourt”) + quiyahuitl (“rain”) + -co (locative suffix).
Rolleston
From the Old Norse personal name Hrólfr + -s- + Old English tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Waihi
Borrowed from Māori Waihī, in turn derived from wai + hī, meaning "gushing water".
Los Gatos
Borrowed from Spanish los gatos (literally “the cats”), after wild cats that used to live in the area.
Cupertino
Named after Joseph of Cupertino, from Italian Copertino.
Mornington
The likely original source is Irish Baile Uí Mhornáin, 'Ó Mornán's town'. Another source is from the Earl of Mornington in the Irish Peerage, e.g. in Victoria.
Methven
Probably from Pictish [Term?], equivalent to Welsh medd (“mead”) + Welsh maen (“stone”).
Wanaka
Borrowed from Māori Wānaka (South Island dialect pronunciation).
Tokomaru
Borrowed from Māori; also in Maori legend Tokomaru was a migration canoe.
Edgecumbe
From Edgcumbe, from Edgecomb, which is a topographic surname, from Old English eċġ (“edge”) + cumb (“narrow valley”).
Ngaruawahia
Borrowed from Māori Ngāruawāhia.
dullahan
From Irish dulachán, from dubh (“black”) + another word (compare lucharachán (“elf, dwarf”)), possibly originally a term for a dark or sullen person (compare the surname Dullahan) and only subsequently applied to the spirit.
Yakutat
From Tlingit Yaakwdáat, from Eyak diyaʼqudaʼt.
Seelie
From Scots sely, seelie (“holy, good”), from Middle English seely, from Old English sǣliġ, gesǣlig. Doublet of silly.
Unseelie
Borrowed from Scots unseely (“mischievous, evil-doing”), from Middle English unsely, from Old English unsǣliġ. Doublet of unsilly.
Isthmus Nahuatl
Calque of Spanish náhuatl del Istmo.
Corstorphine
Perhaps from Scottish Gaelic cros (“cross”) + Torfin, a Gaelicized form of the Old Norse personal name Þorfinnr.
St Clair
An abbreviation of Saint Clair, variant of Saint Clare under influence from French Claire, a calque of Latin Sancta Clara (“holy Clara”), chiefly in reference to Italian Chiara Offreduccio, St. Clare of Assisi. The placenames listed below are typically spelt St Clair—abbreviated without punctuation—following Commonwealth practice.
Leptines
From Ancient Greek Λεπτίνης (Leptínēs).
Athelney
From Old English Æþelinga īeġ (“noble island”).
Halawa
From Hawaiian Hālawa.
From Arabic حَلَاوَة (ḥalāwa).
Wailea
From Hawaiian Wailea. Compound of wai (“water”) + Lea (“a goddess of canoe builders”)
megalomartyr
From Ancient Greek μεγαλομάρτυς (megalomártus), equivalent to megalo- + martyr.
Karnak
From Arabic قرية and نَقِ (naqi) meaning fortified city.
Panixtlahuaca
Borrowed from Spanish Panixtlahuaca, from a Nahuan language.
Woodborough
From Old English widu (“wood”) + beorg (“hill”), with the second element at some point being misanalyzed as burh, giving the modern form borough. Otherwise, the modern form of beorg would have been berry (“mound, hill”), giving something like *Woodberry.
Turlock
From Irish Turlough, from tuar lach, meaning "dry place".
Bystrom
Borrowed from Swedish Byström, a compound of by (“village”) + ström (“stream, river”).
Arlesey
From the Old English personal name Ælfric + -s- + īeġ (“island; well-watered land”).
Tempsford
Recorded as Tamiseforde in the Domesday Book, from the name of a river related to Thames + Old English ford (“ford”).
Conington
From Old English cyning (“king”) + tūn (“enclosure; manor; town”), perhaps under the influence of Old Norse konungs (“king's”) + Old English tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”), the source of the placenames Coniston and Coniston Cold. Doublet of Kingstown, Kingston, Kingstone, and Cunnington. Cf. also Kingsville, Kingsburg, Kingsburgh, Coningsby, and Conisbrough.
Yaxley
From Old English ġēac (“cuckoo”) + -s- + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Dorrington
From the Old English personal name Deora + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement”).
Yanwath
Uncertain; from Middle English Euenewit (1150). Possibly Old Norse jafn (“even, level”) + viðr (“wood”), possibly a Scandinavianised form derived from the cognates Old English efn + wudu and thus a doublet of Evenwood.
Stretton
From Old English strǣt + tūn (“settlement on a Roman road”).
Bigott
Applied by the French to Normans in reference to their swearing Middle English bi God (“by God”); see bigot for more.
Bygott
Applied by the French to Normans in reference to their swearing Middle English bi God (“by God”); see bigot for more.
Culgaith
From Cumbric *cül (“narrow”) + *cɛ̄d (“wood, forest”).
lumbricalis
From New Latin lumbricalis, from lumbricus (“intestinal worm, earthworm”).
Taxkorgan
Borrowed from Uyghur تاشقورغان (tashqorghan).
LBK
From German LBK, from Linearbandkeramische or Linienbandkeramische (used alongside Kultur).
ogbono
Borrowed from Igbo ọ̀gbọ̀nọ̀.
Zhdanovshchina
From Russian ждановщина (ždanovščina); after Andrei Zhdanov, who was in charge of the "Anti-Cosmopolitan Campaign" under Stalin
komainu
From Japanese 狛犬 (komainu, “lion-dog”).
big-character poster
Calque of Mandarin 大字報 /大字报 (dàzìbào)
Lashio
Borrowed from Burmese လားရှိုး (la:hrui:).
Laikha
Borrowed from Shan လၢႆးၶႃႈ (láai khāa).
Poppleton
Habitational surname from the villages of Nether and Upper Poppleton, in North Yorkshire, from Old English *popel (“pebble”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
barin
From Russian ба́рин (bárin).
Borrowed from Uyghur بارىن (barin).
Clachnaharry
According to Roddy Maclean, from Scottish Gaelic clach na h-Aithrigh (“stone of repentance”) (see aithríoch), despite the popular derivation from clach na faire (“watchman's stone”).
Ystrad Mynach
From Welsh ystrad (“wide valley, strath”) + mynach (“monk”).
onomatopoesy
From Ancient Greek ὀνοματοποιία (onomatopoiía, “the coining of a word in imitation of a sound”).
onomatopoietic
From Ancient Greek ὀνοματοποιία (onomatopoiía, “the coining of a word in imitation of a sound”) + -ic.
Makit
Borrowed from Uyghur مەكىت (mekit).
Rowley Regis
Regis (from Latin regis) was added around 1140; an earlier spelling of Rowley is Roelea (recorded 1173).
Danby
From Old English Dene (“Dane”) + Old Norse býr (“farmstead”). Compare the doublet Denby.
Xiuyu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 秀嶼 /秀屿 (Xiùyǔ).
Nanri
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 南日 (Nánrì).
pashkevil
From Yiddish פּאַשקעוויל (pashkevil).
Lut
Borrowed from Arabic لُوط (lūṭ), ultimately from Hebrew לוֹט (lot). Doublet of Lot.