MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
priesthood
From Middle English presthed, presthede, presthod, presthode, from Old English prēosthād (“priesthood”), equivalent to priest + -hood. Compare Dutch priesterheid (“priesthood”).
prioress
From Middle English prieresse, priorasse, priores, prioresse, priorisse, priouresse, priures, priuresse, prowres, pryoras, pryorys, pryowresse, from Medieval Latin priōrissa and Old French prioresse, prieuresse; equivalent to prior + -ess.
usus
Borrowed from Latin ūsus (“use”), from Proto-Italic *oissos.
stunod
Italian-American immigrant slang; dialectal and derived from Southern Italian languages. In standard Italian it would be Italian stonato (“out of tune”). However, in the first half of the 20th century, the largely Southern Italian emigrants to America did not speak the Florentine dialect that modern Standard Italian is based upon and instead used the Sicilian stunatu or the Neapolitan stunato. The Italian-American meaning is nearly identical to the meaning in Sicilian and Neapolitan, though in Sicilian and Neapolitan stunatu and stuntato can also simply mean “out of tune” as well.
The word stoned (“exhilarated, intoxicated by substances”) is often theorized to be a phono-semantic matching from stunod.
stint
From Middle English stinten, from Old English styntan (“to make blunt”) and *stintan (attested in āstintan (“to make dull, stint, assuage”)), from Proto-West Germanic *stuntijan, from Proto-Germanic *stuntijaną and Proto-Germanic *stintaną (“to make short”), probably influenced in some senses by cognate Old Norse *stynta, stytta (“to make short, shorten”).
deeply
From Middle English deply, depely, from Old English dēoplīċe (“deeply”, adverb), from dēoplīc (“deep”), equivalent to deep + -ly.
Seneca
From Latin Seneca.
From Dutch Sennecaas, from Algonquian (probably Mahican [Term?]).
Gael
Borrowed from Irish Gael, alt. Gaol, from earlier Gaoidheal, cognate with Scottish Gaelic Gàidheal and Manx Gael, from Middle Irish Gaídel, from Old Irish Goídel (“Irishman”), a loanword from Old Welsh Guoidel (“wild man, warrior”) (also recorded as a personal name in the Book of Llandaff), from Proto-Brythonic *Guɨðel (“savage, woodsman”), from Proto-Celtic *weidelos (“savage, woodsman”), related to *weidus (“wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁weydʰh₁- (“wood, wilderness”) (cf. Old English wāþ (“hunt”)). Doublet of Goidel, unrelated to Gaul or Gallia.
Medieval Irish traditions, including the Lebor Gabála Érenn, trace the origin of the Goídels to an eponymous ancestor, Goídel Glas, but this is no longer held to be the ultimate etymology of the word.
enrich
From Middle English enrichen, from Anglo-Norman enrichir and Old French enrichier. By surface analysis, en- + rich.
parturient
Borrowed from Latin parturiēns, present participle of parturiō (“to be in labour”).
birr
From Middle English bir (“favorable or strong wind”), from Old English byre (“strong wind, storm”); cognate with Norwegian Nynorsk bør, Icelandic byrr (“sailing winds”), Albanian borë (“snow”), and Polish burza (“storm, thunderstorm”).
From Amharic ብር (bər, “silver”).
elude
From Latin ēlūdō (“to evade, elude”), from ē- (“out of”, short form of ex-) + lūdō (“to play; to trick”).
aloo chaat
From Hindi आलू चाट (ālū cāṭ), from आलू (ālū, “potato”) + चाट (cāṭ, “savory”).
witan
Learned borrowing from Old English witan, plural of wita (“wise man”).
mahogany
A word of unknown origin, concocted in either English or Middle Dutch from one or more exotic phytonyms and common European words.
alternative etymologies
Alternatively from Portuguese mogano, mógono, obsolete forms of mogno, itself of unknown origin (often suggested to be from the English word instead of the reverse), perhaps from an extinct indigenous language, such as a Mayan language originally spoken in Honduras or a South American language, but no known cognates survive. Another theory attempts to link Yoruba moganwo (“trees”, literally “tall ones”), but this has been criticized.
vada
Borrowed from Hindi वड़ा (vaṛā).
Borrowed from Sabir vada, ultimately from Italian vedere (“to see”)
mountainous
From mountain + -ous after Middle French montagneux, from Late Latin montāniōsus, from montānia, from Latin montem (“mountain”).
glutinous
From Latin glūtinōsus. By surface analysis, gluten + -ous.
glint
15th century. Borrowed from Scots glint, from Middle English glenten (“to shine, gleam; flash”), probably from Old Norse *glenta, from Proto-Germanic *glantijaną, causitive of Proto-Germanic *glintaną (“to gleam, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to shine”). Cognate with Danish glente, Swedish glänta, Norwegian Nynorsk gletta (“to peep, look”), Middle High German glinzen; compare also Swedish glinta (“to slip, slide, gleam, shine”), Swedish glimt (“flash, glint, glimpse”), Norwegian Nynorsk glanta, gletta (“to glide, slip”). Reintroduced into literary English by Robert Burns.
post meridiem
Unadapted borrowing from Medieval Latin post merīdiem, from Latin post (“after”) + merīdiem, accusative singular of merīdiēs (“noon, midday”).
meridiem
Back-formation from the phrases ante meridiem and post meridiem (more commonly a.m. and p.m.), from Latin merīdiem, accusative of merīdiēs (“midday, noon”).
thespian
From Latin Thespis, from the name of the Ancient Greek actor Thespis (fl. 6th century BCE), from Θέσπις (Théspis) + -ian.
chary
From Middle English chari, charre, charri, chary, Early Middle English cearig, chariȝ (“concerned with, diligent; sad, sorrowful; of a person: cherished, loved”), from Old English ċeariġ (“careful; pensive; chary, wary; anxious, sad, sorrowful; dire, grievous”), from Proto-West Germanic *karag (“anxious; sad”), from Proto-Germanic *karō + *-gaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeh₂r- (“exclamation; voice”) + *-kos (suffix forming adjectives with the meaning ‘pertaining to; typical of’)); analysable as care + -y.
The English word is cognate with Danish karrig (“miserly, stingy”), Dutch karig (“austere, scant, sparing”), Norwegian karrig (“barren; meagre; poor”), Old High German charag, karag (“sparing”) (modern German karg (“barren; meagre, poor”)), Old Saxon carag, karag, Swedish karg (“austere; barren; hungry; needy, poor”). See further at care.
curtsey
Variant of courtesy (1525) (from court + -esy), from Middle English curteisie, curtesie, from Anglo-Norman curtesie, from Old French curteisie, cortoisie.
inferno
From Italian inferno (“hell”), from Latin infernus (“of the lower regions”), inferna (“the lower regions”); see infernal.
The meaning "big fire" came as a figurative use from the traditional idea of hellfire.
lexicologist
From Ancient Greek λεξικός (lexikós, “of words”), from λέξις (léxis, “a saying, speech, word”), from λέγειν (légein, “to speak”). By surface analysis, lexico- + -logist.
linden
From Middle English linden, from Old English linden (“linden”, adjective), from Proto-Germanic *lindīnaz, from Proto-Germanic *lindō (“linden tree”), equivalent to lind + -en. Cognate with Middle Low German linden (“linden”, adjective), German Low German Linnenboom (“linden-tree”), West Frisian linenbeam (“linden-tree”), German linden (“linden”, adjective). The English noun developed from the adjective.
* As a Dutch, German and Jewish surname, plural form of Linde.
* As a Dutch and West Flemish surname, from several placenames called Linden or Lienden. Also shortened from Vanderlinden.
* As a Swedish surname, from lind (“lime tree”). Compare Lindeen.
* As an English surname, variant of Lindon.
* As an Irish surname, shortened from McLinden, itself a variant of McClinton.
lawman
From Middle English laweman, laȝaman (as a man's name, Laȝamon, Layamon), from Old English lahmann, borrowed from Old Norse lǫgmaðr. In present use as a law-enforcement officer, law + -man.
lineament
From Middle French linéament, from Latin lineamentum, from linea (“line”).
loathsome
From Middle English lothsum, from Old English *lāþsum, from Proto-West Germanic *laiþasam, equivalent to loath + -some. Cognate with Middle Low German lêtsam (“arduous”), German leidsam (“sad, sorry”).
lecher
From Middle English lechour, from Old French lecheor (“glutton, sensualist, libertine”) , from Old French lecher, lechier, lekier, lescher (“to lick, live in gluttony or sensuality”), from Old Frankish *likkōn (“to lick”), from Proto-Germanic *likkōną (“to lick”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”). More at lick.
Americanized German surname, from Löcher, Locher.
lectern
15th century partial re-Latinization of early 14th century Middle English lettorne, lettron, from Old French leitrun, from Medieval Latin lectrinum, from Late Latin lectrum, from lectus (from whence also lecture), form of Latin legō (“to read”).
ligature
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *leyǵ-der.
Latin ligō
Proto-Indo-European *-tew-?
Proto-Indo-European *-r-eh₂?
Latin -tūra
Late Latin ligātūrabor.
Middle French ligaturebor.
Middle English ligature
English ligature
From Middle English ligature, from Middle French ligature, from Late Latin ligātūra, from Latin ligātus, past participle of ligāre (“to tie, bind”).
tying
From Middle English tiȝing, teing, from Old English *tīgung, tīging (“connection”), from Proto-Germanic *taugungō, from *taugijaną from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to tug, draw”). Equivalent to tie + -ing. Present participle from Old English tīgende, from tīgan, tīegan.
lightness
From Middle English lightnes, lightnesse, from Old English līhtnes, lȳhtnys (“enlightening, illumination”), from Proto-West Germanic *liuhtinassī; equivalent to light (“to make bright, illuminate”, verb) + -ness (suffix forming nouns). Cognate with Old High German liuhtnissi (“illumination, enlightening”).
From Middle English lightnes, lightnesse, from Old English *lēohtnes (“lightness”) (compare Old English lēohtmōdnes (“lightness”, literally “light-moodedness”), līhtingnes (“lightness, alleviation”)); equivalent to light (“not heavy”, adjective) + -ness (suffix forming nouns). Cognate with Middle Low German luchtnisse, lüchtnisse (“lightness, frivolity, joyfulness”).
ligneous
From Latin ligneus; compare Latin lignōsus; equivalent to lign- + -eous.
lumpenproletariat
Unadapted borrowing from German Lumpenproletariat.
Jennifer
From Cornish, from Middle Cornish Gwynnever (cognate with Welsh Gwenhwyfar), from Proto-Brythonic *Gwɨnnohuɨβar. Doublet of Guinevere. Compare Irish Fionnbharr, Fionnabhair, which may be cognate.
debase
From de- + base, from Old French bas, from Latin bassus. Cognate with Spanish debajo (“under, beneath, below”). Compare abase.
strategus
From Latin strategus, from Ancient Greek στρατηγός (stratēgós, “general”). See stratagem.
asseverate
From Latin assevērāre, from assevērō (“to assert”).
footle
Probably variant of footer (“to screw around”), from obsolete fouter (“an act of sexual intercourse”), from French foutre (“to have sexual intercourse”), from Latin futuere.
fink
Unknown; first attested in 1894. A connection to Yiddish as some propose is unlikely.
Suggested origins include:
* German Fink (“finch; frivolous or dissolute person; informer”) as finches are notoriously chatty birds in groups. If so, then Doublet of finch. Compare canary (“informer”).
* Partly from the German theory, a fanciful association by students with the freedom of wild birds as opposed to caged ones.
* The slang name pink for Pinkerton agents and their use as strikebreakers in the 1892 Homestead strike. If the term is from the corporate name, then it is of Scots origin, Pinkerton being from a place near Dunbar, which is from an unrecognized first element (possibly ultimately pre-Celtic substrate) and Old English tūn (“enclosure, homestead, etc.”).
From Afrikaans vink.
lich
From Middle English līke, līch (“like”); see like and -like for more. Compare -ly and -lich.
Borrowed from German Lich.
leitmotif
From German Leitmotiv (“leading motif”), from leiten (“to lead”) + Motiv (“motif”), originally used to describe Wagnerian opera. The spelling was influenced by motif.
longitudinal
From Middle English longitudinal, from Latin longitūdin-, oblique stem of longitūdō (“length, longitude”). By surface analysis, longitude + -in- + -al.
nosocomial
Learned borrowing from Late Latin nosocomīum (“hospital, infirmary”) + English -al (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives). Nosocomīum is borrowed from Ancient Greek νοσοκομεῖον (nosokomeîon, “hospital, infirmary”), from νοσοκομέω (nosokoméō, “to tend the sick”) + -εῖον (-eîon, suffix forming nouns denoting places); νοσοκομέω (nosokoméō) is from νόσος (nósos, “disease, illness, sickness”) (further etymology uncertain) + κομέω (koméō, “to take care of, look after, tend”) (from Proto-Indo-European *kem(H)- (“to be tired; to exert oneself”)).
Nisei
Borrowed from Japanese 二世 (“second generation”).
Borrowed from Japanese 二世 (にせい, nisei), from 二 (ni-, “second”) + 世 (sei, “generation”).
nighttime
From Middle English nyght tyme, nyȝttyme, equivalent to night + time. Compare Dutch nachttijd, German Nachtzeit, Danish nattetid, Swedish nattetid. Compare also Middle English nyȝter tyme (“nighttime”), from Old Norse náttartími, nætrtími (“nighttime”).
novelty
From Middle English novelte, from Old French novelté (Modern French nouveauté), from the adjective novel, ultimately from Latin novellus. By surface analysis, novel + -ty.
Nidhogg
Learned borrowing from Old Norse Níðhǫggr (“Malice Striker”)
moan
From Middle English mone, mane, mān, (also as mene), from Old English *mān, *mǣn (“complaint; lamentation”), from Proto-West Germanic *mainu, from Proto-Germanic *mainō (“opinion; mind”).
Cognate with Old Frisian mēne (“opinion”), Old High German meina (“opinion”). Old English *mān, *mǣn is inferred from Old English mǣnan (“to complain over; grieve; mourn”). More at mean.
cardinal virtue
From Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge (hence applied to that on which something turns or depends), important, principal, chief”).
chanson
From French chanson f (“song”), from Latin cantio f. Doublet of cantion and canzone.
catamite
From Latin catamītus (“boy kept as a sexual partner”), from Catamītus, from Etruscan 𐌂𐌀𐌕𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌄 (catmite), from Ancient Greek Γανυμήδης (Ganumḗdēs, “Ganymede”), an attractive Trojan boy supposedly abducted to Mount Olympus by the god Zeus to become his cupbearer and lover. Doublet of Ganymede.
noontide
From Middle English non-tyde, from Old English nōntīd (“noontide”), equivalent to noon + tide.
skyclad
From sky + clad, indicating that the person in question is clad only in the sky. Attested from early 20th century England, it is partially a calque of Sanskrit दिगम्बर (digambara, “having all (=ten) quarters of the globe as one's only clothing, i.e., naked”).
point-blank
From French point blanc (“white point”), originally referring to the white spot to be aimed at on a target (see blank's "bull's eye") or alternatively into empty space being fired horizontally.
politic
From Middle French politique, from Latin politicus, from Ancient Greek πολιτικός (politikós), from πολίτης (polítēs, “citizen”). Cognate with German politisch (“political”). Doublet of politico.
polyp
From Latin polypus (“a polyp, a polypus in the nose”), from Ancient Greek πολύπους (polúpous, from πολύς (polús, “many”) + πούς (poús, “foot”)). Doublet of polypus.
thematic
From Ancient Greek θεματικός (thematikós), from θέμα (théma, “theme”). Equivalent to theme + -atic.
mediastinum
From New Latin mediastīnum, from Medieval Latin mediastīnus (“middling; middle”), from Latin mediastīnus (“a common servant”).
quadrivium
From Medieval Latin quadrivium (“the four mathematical studies”), from Latin quattuor (“four”) + via (“road”).
harquebus
From French harquebuse, borrowed from Middle Low German hakebusse or Middle Dutch hakebus, hagebus (modern Dutch haakbus), from hôk (“hook”) + busse (“box; firelock”), from Old Saxon hōk + *buhsa, from Proto-Germanic *hōkaz + *buhsā.
garn
From Middle English garne, from Old English ġearn. Compare also Danish and Old Norse garn. Doublet of yarn.
preventive
Borrowed from New Latin praeventīvus. Equivalent to prevent + -ive.
pediculosis
From Latin pēdiculus (“louse”) + -osis. By surface analysis, pedic(u)le + -osis.
preside
From Old French presider, from Latin praesidēre (“preside”), from pre- (“before”) + sedere (“to sit”). Displaced Old English foresittan, which might have been a calque of the Latin.
haut gout
From French haut goût, from haut (“high”), goût (“taste”).
Grecism
From Middle French grecisme (modern French grécisme), from Medieval Latin graecismus, from Classical Latin graecus + -ismus. Compare Middle English Gryscysme (“Graecismus by Eberhard of Béthune”). Doublet of graecismus.
imago
From Latin imāgō. Doublet of image.
Compare typologically a Russian term for coordinate larva: личи́нка (ličínka) (akin to лик (lik)).
mediate
The adjective is first attested in the 1440s in Middle English, the verb in 1538; from Middle English mediat(e) (“intermediate; intercessory”), borrowed from Late Latin mediātus, perfect passive participle of mediō (“to divide in the middle; (in Medieval Latin) to be in the middle, be or become between, mediate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from medius (“middle”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).
perseverance
From Middle English perseveraunce, from Old French perseverance, from Latin persevērantia.
Darius
Borrowed from Latin Dārīus, from Ancient Greek Δᾱρεῖος (Dāreîos), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎢𐏁 (Dārayauš), shortened form of 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 (Dārayavaʰuš), see it for more.
fontanelle
Borrowed from French fontanelle, from Old French fontenelle, a diminutive of fontaine (“fountain, spring”) + -elle, from Late Latin fontāna, from Latin fontānus, from font- + -ānus. By surface analysis, font + -an + -elle.
ger
Borrowed from Mongolian гэр (ger)/ᠭᠡᠷ (ger).
Borrowed from Hebrew גֵּר (ger).
kunoichi
Borrowed from Japanese くノ一(いち) (kunoichi).
shiro
Possibly from Amharic or Tigrinya ሺሮ (širo, “chickpea flour”)
Of Japanese origin, either 城 (shiro, “castle”) or 白 (shiro, “white”) (see quotation below).
Borrowed from Japanese しろう (Shirō).
rejuvenation
From rejuvenate + -ion, cf. Latin reiuvenatiō.
kokoro
Borrowed from Japanese 心(こころ) (kokoro, “heart, mind, spirit”).
tabula rasa
Unadapted borrowing from Latin tabula rāsa (literally “erased tablet”), where the collocation comprised tabula (“wax-covered writing tablet”, noun) + rāsa, feminine singular of rāsus (“scraped, erased, cleaned (of text)”, participial adjective).
apraxia
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Hellenic *ə-
Ancient Greek ᾰ̓- (ă-)
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.
Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂-k-yé-ti
Proto-Hellenic *prā́ťťō
Ancient Greek πρᾱ́σσω (prā́ssō)
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Ancient Greek -τις (-tis)
Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)
Ancient Greek πρᾶξῐς (prâxĭs)
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂
Proto-Hellenic *-íā
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)
Ancient Greek ᾰ̓πρᾱξῐ́ᾱ (ăprāxĭ́ā)der.
English apraxia
From Ancient Greek ἀπραξία (apraxía, “inaction”), from ἀ- (a-, “without”) + πρᾶξις (prâxis, “activity”) + -ία (-ía, abstract noun suffix). By surface analysis, a- + -praxia.
facticity
From fact + -icity, possibly modelled on German Faktizität which first appeared in the writings of the German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762–1814).
truffle
Borrowed from French trufle, a variant of truffe (whence also Danish and Norwegian trøffel, Swedish tryffel, German Trüffel), from Old Occitan trufa, a metathesis of Late Latin tufera (plural), from Latin tūber (“truffle”).
nomadic
From Ancient Greek νομαδικός (nomadikós), equivalent to nomad (“a member of a society or class of herdsmen”) + -ic (forming adjectives).
nectar
From Latin nectar, from Ancient Greek νέκταρ (néktar, “nourishment of the gods”), from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“perish, disappear”) + *-tr̥h₂ (“overcoming”), from *terh₂- (“to overcome, pass through, cross over”).
chemo-
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă)
Ancient Greek χῠ́μᾰ (khŭ́mă)
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂
Proto-Hellenic *-íā
Ancient Greek -ία (-ía)
Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā)bor.
Arabic الْكِيمِيَاء (al-kīmiyāʔ)bor.
Medieval Latin alchēmia
▲
Ancient Greek χυμείᾱ (khumeíā)influ.
New Latin chēmīader.
English chemo-
Back-formation from compounds built on New Latin chēmicus (“pertaining to alchemy or chemistry”) and chēmia (“chemistry”), ultimately of Ancient Greek origin.
apadravya
From Sanskrit अपद्रव्य (apadravya), a generic name for a penile extension device as used in Kama Sutra.
juvenile
Borrowed from Latin iuvenīlis (“youthful; juvenile”), from iuvenis (“young; a youth”) + -īlis (suffix forming adjectives indicating a relationship or a pertaining to). Iuvenis is ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuh₁en- (“young”), from *h₂óyu (“long life; lifetime”) (from *h₂ey- (“age; life”)) + *h₁én (“in”).
agogic
Apparently from German Agoge (“tempo”), from Ancient Greek ἀγωγή (agōgḗ, “carrying, leading, reduplicated formation; tempo”), + -ic, after German agogisch. By surface analysis, agoge + -ic.
wagtail
From a partial suppletion of Middle English wagstert (literally “wag-tail”), equivalent to wag + tail.
permanence
From Middle English permanence, permanens, from Middle French permanence, from Medieval Latin permanentia, from Latin permaneō (“to remain; last”).
wigeon
Early 16th century. Probably from Middle French vigeon, from Old French vigeon, vingeon (“wigeon”), from Old French vignier (“to whine or shout”) + -on (“noun suffix”).
woodcock
From Middle English wodecocke, wode-koc, wodekok, from Old English wudecocc, wuducoc, equivalent to wood + cock.
From Old English wuducoc (“woodcock”), a nickname for a stupid or gullible person.
pavlova
From the surname Pavlova, from Russian Па́влова (Pávlova), feminine form of Па́влов (Pávlov), named after Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova (1881–1931). Australia/New Zealand from circa 1930. Both nations lay claim to origination of the dish and the name. According to research undertaken by the Oxford English Dictionary, however, the earliest known attestation for the term is from New Zealand in 1927.
Borrowed from Russian Па́влова (Pávlova), feminine form of Па́влов (Pávlov).
pav
From Konkani पाव (pāv) or Marathi पाव (pāv), from Portuguese pão.
Timothy
From Middle French Timothée, from Latin Tīmotheus, from Ancient Greek Τῑμόθεος (Tīmótheos), from τῑμάω (tīmáō, “to honour”) + θεός (theós, “god”).
bedizen
PIE word
 *h₁epi
From be- (intensifying prefix) + dizen (“to attire, dress, especially showily”). Dizen is derived from dialectal dize (“to put (tow) on a distaff”), probably from Middle English *disen, from Old English *disan, *disian, from *dise, *disen (“bunch of flax on a distaff”), from Proto-Germanic *disanō (“distaff”); further etymology unknown.
glaciology
From Latin glaciēs (“ice”) + -ology (“study of a particular subject”).
suppletion
From German Suppletivwesen, from Latin supplēre (“to supply”), perfect stem supplet-, + -ion.
tropic
From Late Latin tropicus (“of or pertaining to the solstice, as a noun, one of the tropics”), from Ancient Greek τροπικός (tropikós, “of or pertaining to a turn or change; or the solstice; or a trope or figure; tropic; tropical; etc.”), from τροπή (tropḗ, “turn; solstice; trope”).
decurtate
First attested around the beginning of the 16th century; borrowed from Latin dēcurtātus, perfect passive participle of dēcurtō, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of decurt.
chemoautotroph
From chemo- + autotroph, the latter from auto- (from Ancient Greek αὐτο- (auto-, “self-”)) + -troph (from Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”)).
cytokine
From cyto- + -kine from Ancient Greek κίνησις (kínēsis, “movement”).