MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
foully
Inherited from Middle English foully, from Old English fūllīċe; by surface analysis, foul + ly.
fourfold
From Middle English fourfold, fourefold, from Old English fēowerfeald. Equivalent to four + -fold. Cognate with Dutch viervoud, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐌿𐍂𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 (fidurfalþs).
erogate
From Latin ērogātus, past participle of ērogō, from ex- (“out”) + rogō (“ask”). By surface analysis, e- + Latin rog- + -ate.
admeasure
From Middle English amesure, from Anglo-Norman amesurer, admesurer, from Medieval Latin admēnsūrō. Compare Classical Latin admētior (“measure out to”).
yataghan
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یتاغان (modern Turkish yatağan), related to Old Turkic [script needed] (yat-, “to bend, incline; to lie”), whence also words like yatmak (“to lie”), yatak (“bed”), yatay (“horizontal”), etc.
chur
From Hindustani چر / चर (car, “ford; island, shoal”).
Borrowed from Cantonese chur (coe²).
vicinage
From Old French visnage, respelled to more closer match its Latin source vīcīnus (“neighbor”). By surface analysis, vicine + -age.
outdrink
From Middle English outdrinken (“to drink more than”), equivalent to out- + drink.
Claus
From Dutch and German Claus, a contraction of Nicolaus (“Nicholas”). The spelling Klaus is from more modern German Klaus and other Germanic languages.
Elsinore
From Danish Helsingør, perhaps a derivation of hals (“narrow strait”, literally “throat; neck”), from Old Norse hals, from Proto-Germanic *halsaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kólsos. Compare also Helsinki and Helsingborg.
Devin
* As an Irish, English, and French surname, spelling variant of Devine. Also see Devon.
* Also as a French surname, from devin (“fortuneteller”).
* As a Russian surname, from дева (deva, “maiden”).
Dillon
From the Irish surname, from Breton Leon and Norman Léon, named after Sir Henry de Leon of the Viscounty of Léon. Related to the surname Lyon. Unrelated to the name Dylan, although the homophony may result in the two being considered variant spellings of the same name.
Duane
Anglicized form of the Irish name Dubhán (from Primitive Irish ᚇᚑᚃᚐᚌᚅᚔ (dovagni)), from dubh (“black, dark”).
Dwight
Probably from a Middle English female name Diot, a pet form of Dionysia, the feminine form of Dionysius.
aevum
Learned borrowing from Latin aevum (“temporal mode of existence between time and eternity”). Doublet of aeviternity and aye.
induration
From Middle English induracioun, from Old French induracion (“hardness, obstinacy”) or directly from Medieval Latin induratiō.
clitellum
From New Latin clitellum, from Latin clītella (singular noun), clītellae (“packsaddle”, plurale tantum).
emanata
Borrowed from Latin ēmānāre, "to flow out,". ēmānāre is the present active infinitive of ēmānō "flow out, ēmānō is derived from the Latin ex- (prefix meaning "out, away") + mānō (verb meaning "to give out; to flow").
empanel
The verb is from Middle English empanellen, from Anglo-Norman and Old French empaneller.
adaptogen
Borrowed from Russian адаптоген (adaptogen), coined by Soviet toxicologist and pharmacologist Nikolai Lazarev. By surface analysis, adapt + -o- + -gen.
dolerite
From French dolérite, from Ancient Greek δολερός (dolerós, “deceitful, deceptive”), because it was easily confounded with diorite, + -ite.
diabase
From French diabase, from Ancient Greek διάβασις (diábasis).
Huaxi
Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 花溪 (Huāxī, “flower brook”).
Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 華西 /华西 (Huàxī).
Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 華西 /华西.
sluttishness
From Middle English sluttysshenes, slwttisnes, equivalent to sluttish + -ness.
karyotype
Borrowed from Russian кариотип (kariotip), equivalent to karyo- + -type.
hydromancer
From Middle English idromauncer, equivalent to hydromancy + -er.
Jhingade
Borrowed from Marathi झिंगाडे (jhiṅgāḍe).
dubitante
Learned borrowing from Latin dubitante, ablative masculine singular of dubitāns (“doubting”), present participle of dubitāre (“to doubt”).
dubitate
First attested in 1837; borrowed from Latin dubitātus, perfect passive participle of dubitō (“to doubt”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of doubt.
Kharijite
From Arabic خَارِجِي (ḵārijī, “one who split off, one who departed”), from the root خ ر ج (ḵ r j).
nazir
Borrowed from Hindustani, from Classical Persian نَظِیر (nazīr), from Arabic نَظِير (naẓīr).
From Hebrew נָזִיר (nāzīr).
suona
From the Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 嗩吶／唢呐 (suǒnà), from Persian سورنا (sornâ). Doublet of zurna and horn.
tunny
From Middle French thon + -y, from Old Occitan ton, from Latin thunnus, from Ancient Greek θύννος (thúnnos), + -y.
causate
First attested in 1652; borrowed from Medieval Latin causātus, perfect passive participle of causō (“to cause”), see -ate (noun-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
dotate
First attested in c. 1540; borrowed from Latin dōtātus, perfect passive participle of Latin dōtō (“to endow, apportion”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from dōs (“dowry, gift”, oblique stem in dōt-) + -ō, from Proto-Italic *dōtis, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃tis, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to give”).
Sylvester
Borrowed from Latin sylvester (“woody, rural”) from silva (“wood”); name of a saint whose feast day falls on December 31.
syconium
From New Latin sȳconium, from Ancient Greek σῦκον (sûkon, “fig”) + -ium.
anthesis
Ancient Greek ἄνθησις (ánthēsis, “flowering”), from ἀνθέω (anthéō), from ἄνθος (ánthos).
Pinocchio
Borrowed from Italian Pinocchio, possibly from the rare Tuscan form pinocchio (“pine nut”) or constructed from pino (“pine tree, pine wood”), also similar to Pino, diminutive of Giuseppe (“Joseph”), as is Geppetto (the maker of Pinocchio).
adorate
Learned borrowing from Latin adōrāt-, past participial stem of adōrō.
declinate
The adjective is first attested in 1820; borrowed from Latin dēclīnātus, perfect passive participle of dēclīnō (“to bend down”), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Avery
From Anglo-Norman Averay, Auveray, Alverey, from Latin Alveredus, Aluredus, from Old English Ælfræd, from ælf (“elf”) and ræd (“counsel”). Doublet of Alfred.
Dara
An Irish saint's name, from Irish Dáire.
From Persian دارا (dārā), equivalent to Darius.
Darragh
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Dubhdarach (“descendant of Dubhdarach”), a personal name composed of the elements dubh (“black”) and darach, genitive of dair (“oak”).
continuate
Inherited from Middle English continuaten, from continuat(e) (“continuous”, also used as the past participle of continuaten) + -en (verb-forming suffix), borrowed from Latin continuātus, perfect passive participle of continuō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of continue.
First attested in 1471; inherited from Middle English continuat(e) (“continuous”, also used as the past participle of continuaten), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and Etymology 1.
Adela
Latinate form of French Adèle, short form of Germanic compound names beginning with Proto-Germanic *aþalaz (“noble”). Compare Old English æþele, English athel.
Adeline
From Old French Adeline, a diminutive form of Adela and Adele brought to England by the Normans.
sperate
Borrowed from Latin speratus, past participle of sperare (“to hope”).
imperate
First attested in 1543, as an adjective, as a verb in 1598; borrowed from Latin imperātus, perfect passive participle of imperō (“to command”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix). Doublet of mpret.
instaurate
First attested in 1583; borrowed from Latin īnstaurātus, perfect passive participle of īnstaurō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Cognate with French instaurer.
deplorate
First attested in 1544; borrowed from Latin dēplōrātus, perfect passive participle of dēplōrō, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
enfant terrible
Unadapted borrowing from French enfant terrible (literally “terrible child”).
cavate
From Latin cavātus (“hollowed out”), perfect passive participle of cavō (“to hollow out, to excavate”), see -ate (noun-forming suffix).
coli
Ellipsis of Bacterium coli or Bacillus coli, obsolete taxonomic names of the species (now called Escherichia coli). The word itself derives from Latin colī, genitive of colon (“colon, large intestine”).
contino
From early modern Portuguese and Spanish contino, ellipsis of ombre contino, from Latin continuum.
From Spanish and Portuguese contino.
gilden
From Middle English gilden, gelden, gulden, from Old English gylden, from Proto-West Germanic *gulþīn, from Proto-Germanic *gulþīnaz (“golden”), from *gulþą (“gold”), equivalent to gold + -en. Cognate with Dutch gulden, German gülden, Swedish gyllen.
maraschino
From Italian maraschino, from marasca (“morello cherry”) + -ino (“diminutive suffix”), from amarasca, from amaro (“bitter”).
marasca
From Italian marasca, from amarasca, from amaro (“bitter”), from Latin amārus (“bitter”).
coprophage
Borrowed from Latin coprophagus, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek κοπροφάγος (koprophágos), from κόπρος (kópros, “dung”) + -φάγος (-phágos, “eater; glutton”). Equivalent to copro- + -phage.
marvellously
From Middle English merveilously; equivalent to marvellous + -ly.
curvate
Inherited from Middle English (y)curvat(e) (“bent; hunched, stooped”), borrowed from Latin curvātus (“curved”), perfect passive participle of curvō (“to curve”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from curvus + -ō (verb-forming suffix).
aulic
From Latin aulicus (“of a prince's court”), from aula (“royal court”), from Ancient Greek αὐλή (aulḗ, “courtyard”).
From Ancient Greek αὐλός (aulós, “hollow tube, pipe”).
trow
From Middle English trowen, trouwen, treuwen, treowen, trouen, from Old English trēowan, trīewan (“to trust”) and Old English trūwian (“to trust, confide”), from Proto-Germanic *trewwāną (“to trust”) and Proto-Germanic *trūwāną (“to trust”); both from Proto-Indo-European *drew- (“faithful, true”).
Akin to Scots trow, trew (“to believe, trust, confide in, prove”), Dutch trouwen (“to wed, marry”), German trauen (“to trust, marry”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål and Swedish tro (“to believe, think”), Norwegian Nynorsk tru (“to believe, think”), Icelandic trúa (“to trust, believe, believe in”).
From Shetlandic and Orcadian Scots trow, from Norn *drou, *drau (compare 18th c. Norwegian drau, modern drov, drauv), from Old Norse draugr (“malevolent revenant”); along the variation drow, intermixed with Norn troll, from Old Norse trǫll (“troll, malevolent supernatural being”), a partial synonym to draugr. L-vocalisation occurred in the early 15th century in Middle Scots, so trolly, knolls probably became *trowie, knowes around this time.
Various origins:
* A nickname for a trustworthy person, from Middle English trewe (“faithful, loyal”).
* A topographic surname for someone who lived near a depression in the ground, from Middle English trow (“trough”).
delirate
First attested in 1623; borrowed from Latin dēlīrātus, perfect passive participle of dēlīrō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Cognate with French délirer.
ortolan
From Middle French hortolan (“gardener”), from Latin hortulānus (“gardener”). Doublet of hortulan.
denominate
PIE word
 *h₁nómn̥
Inherited from Middle English denominat(e) (“named, called”), borrowed from Latin dēnōminātus, perfect passive participle of dēnōminō, see -ate (etymology 1, 2 and 3). By surface analysis, de- + nominate.
denotate
First attested in 1597; either borrowed from Latin dēnotātus, perfect passive participle dēnotō (“to mark, observe”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)) or a back-formation from denotation. Doublet of denote.
rollmop
Back-formation from the plural rollmops, from the German singular Rollmops.
shagged
From Old English sceacgede, from sceacga (“hair”), from Proto-Germanic *skaggiją (“beard, stem”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to jump, move, hurry”).
Beulah
A biblical name applied to the land of Israel in Isaiah 62:4, from Biblical Hebrew בְּעוּלָה (bəʿûlâ, “married (woman)”), taken up as a given name by Puritans and used figuratively for the New Earth.
disciplinate
First attested in 1584; borrowed from Latin disciplīnātus, perfect passive participle of disciplīnō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Glenda
Coined in the twentieth century from Welsh glân (“holy, fair”) and da (“good”).
Jeannette
From French Jeannette, from Jeanne + -ette, q.v.
Doublet of Ivanka, Jan, Janelle, Janet, Janey, Janine, Jeanette, Jeanie, Jeannine, Jen, Jenna, Jenny, Jessie, Jo, Jody, Juanita, Shanae, Sinead, and Vanna.
gustate
Borrowed from Latin gustātus, perfect passive participle of gustō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
limitate
Borrowed from Latin līmitātus, perfect passive participle of līmitō (“to limit”), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (verb-forming suffix). See limit.
Irma
From German Irma in the nineteenth century. Short form of Germanic names beginning with irm(en)-, erm(en) "whole, entire", from Proto-Germanic *ermunaz. Cognate with English Emma.
prestate
From Latin praestatus, from Latin praestō (“to provide, show, vouch for”). Compare also prest, imprest, prestation, prestable.
preparate
From Middle English preparaten, from preparat + -en, from Medieval Latin preparātus, perfect passive participle of preparō. Equivalent to prepare + -ate (verb-forming suffix). In some recent uses, probably back-formation from preparation. Compare prepare, from Middle French.
From Middle English preparat, from Medieval Latin preparātus. See -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
majorant
Borrowed from French majorant, present participle of majorer (“to majorate, to dominate”), from Latin maior. By surface analysis, major + -ant.
marginate
Borrowed from Latin marginātus, perfect passive participle of marginō (“to margin”), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (verb-forming suffix).
burakumin
Borrowed from Japanese 部落民, from Middle Chinese 部落 (bu^X lak, “tribe”) + 民 (mjin, “people”).
registrate
From the post-Classical Latin registrātus, the perfect passive participle of registrō (“to register”).
From registrāt-, the perfect passive participial stem of the post-Classical Latin registrō (“to register”).
all eyes and ears
Calque of French tout yeux, tout oreilles; originally found only in translations of French works. Compare all eyes, all ears.
chopped liver
Calque of Yiddish געהאַקטע לעבער (gehakte leber), from געהאַקטע (gehakte, “chopped”) (compare the verb האַקן (hakn, “to chop”)) + לעבער (leber, “liver”).
According to the Hungarian-American lexicographer and linguist Sol Steinmetz (1930–2010), sense 2 (“person or object not worthy of being noticed”) may be from the fact that chopped liver is served as an appetizer or side dish rather than as a main dish.
biotope
Borrowed from German Biotop, from bio- (“life”) + -tope (“place”).
preoccupate
Borrowed from past participle stem of Latin praeoccupare, from prae- (“pre-”) + occupare (“occupy”); equivalent to pre- + occupate. Doublet of preoccupy.
guido
From Italian Guido, a male given name. Doublet of Guy and guy.
vastitude
From Latin vāstitūdō. By surface analysis, vast + -itude.
occupate
First attested in 1547; borrowed from Latin occupātus, perfect passive participle of occupō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix). Doublet of occupy
buchi
From Tagalog butsi / butse, possibly from Hokkien 麻糍 (môa-chî) or a similar cognate, or Spanish buche (“gulp a mouthful”). Compare Cebuano butsi (“Jian dui”), Tagalog matse (“Mache”), Cebuano masi (“Masi”), Kapampangan motsi (“Moche”).
Api
From Tibetan ཨ་ཕྱི (a phyi, “grandmother”).
garba
Borrowed from Gujarati ગરબા (garbā). Doublet of Delphos.
nephelometry
From Ancient Greek νεφέλη (nephélē, “cloud”) + -metry.
Zoilus
Borrowed from Latin Zōilus, from Ancient Greek Ζωΐλος (Zōḯlos).
serrefine
From French serre fine (“small clamp”), from serre (“clamp”) and fine, feminine form of fin (“thin, fine”).
Khorramshahr
From Persian خرمشهر (xorramšahr) itself from خرم (xorram, “happy, green”) + شهر (šahr, “city”).
adposition
From ad- + position, from Latin adpositio, from adpositum, past participle of adponere, an alternative form of apponere (“to put near”).
paragram
Borrowed from Late Latin paragramma, from Ancient Greek παράγραμμα (parágramma).
majordomo
From Italian maggiordomo and Spanish mayordomo, from Late Latin maior domūs (“steward”), from Latin maior (“main, principal”) + genitive singular of domus (“household”).
nunation
From nun (“Semitic letter”) + -ation, after Arabic تَنْوِين (tanwīn), verbal noun of نَوَّنَ (nawwana, literally “to nunate, nunify”), derived from the letter name نُون (nūn).
Unserdeutsch
From Unserdeutsch Unserdeutsch, from German unser (“our”) + Deutsch (“German”).
chasma
From Latin chasma, from Ancient Greek χάσμα (khásma, “abyss, cleft”), from Ancient Greek χᾰ́σκω (khắskō, “to gape, yawn”) (possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰan-, *gʰan- (“to gape, yawn”) + -σκω (-skō, inchoative suffix forming a present-tense word), from Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti (suffix forming a durative or iterative imperfective verb); or from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁y- (“to gape, yawn”)) + Ancient Greek -μᾰ (-mă, suffix forming a noun denoting the result of an action) (from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ (suffix forming an action or result noun)). Doublet of chasm.
The obsolete “aurora” sense is from the fact that aurorae were thought to be rifts in the sky from which light shone through: see the 1822 quotation.
macula
From Middle English macula (“spot on the skin or in the eye”), borrowed from Latin macula (“spot, stain”). Doublet of macchia and macule.
artiodactyl
Learned borrowing from taxonomic name Artiodactyla, from Ancient Greek ἄρτιος (ártios, “even”) + δάκτυλος (dáktulos, “finger, toe”).
perissodactyl
From Ancient Greek περισσός (perissós, “uneven”) + δάκτυλος (dáktulos, “a finger, toe”). Compare the taxon name Perissodactyla.
Schuhplattler
Borrowed from German Schuhplattler, from Schuhe (“shoes”) + platt (“flat”) + -ler.
leafworm
From Middle English leyf worme, lef-worme, from Old English lēafwyrm (“caterpillar”), equivalent to leaf + worm.
incantate
First attested in 1623; borrowed from Latin incantātus, perfect passive participle of incantō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of enchant and incant, cognate with French incantation.
jnana
From Sanskrit ज्ञान (jñāna, “knowledge”).
colorate
From Latin colōrātus, past participle of colōrō (“to color”). Equivalent to color + -ate (adjective-froming suffix)
seminate
From Latin seminat-, perfect passive participial stem of seminō (“to plant, sow”). Doublet of semé and semined.
tummler
Circa 1930, from Yiddish טומלער (tumler). Related to English tumble, and ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tūmōną (“to turn, rotate”).
Emil
From German Emil, from Latin Aemilius, a Roman family name possibly from aemulus (“rival”). Cognate with French Émile.
Inez
Anglicised form of Spanish Inés and Portuguese Inês, both from Latin Agnes, from Ancient Greek Ἁγνή (Hagnḗ). First used in 18th century English poetry and plays referring to Inês de Castro. Doublet of Agnes.
fiacre
Borrowed from French fiacre. From Hôtel de Saint Fiacre, a tavern in Paris operating a horse-carriage service from the 1640s, itself named after the Irish Saint Fiacre (c. 600–670 CE), perhaps from Irish fiach (“raven”).
equivoque
From Late Latin aequivocus (“ambiguous, equivocal”), from Latin aequus (“equal”) + vocō (“call”).
gusle
Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian gȕsle /гу̏сле. Doublet of gusli.
nebule
From Latin nebula (“little cloud, mist”), though the first sense ("a decorative wavy pattern", as a noun) is perhaps a misunderstanding of the adjective nebulé (“wavy”).
tendinous
Borrowed from New Latin tendinōsus, from tendō (“sinew, tendon”) + -ōsus (“-ous”).
symptomatology
From Ancient Greek σύμπτωμα (súmptōma, “symptom (of diseases)”) and -λογία (-logía, “study, branch of knowledge”) (i.e., symptomato- and -logy). Compare French symptomatologie.
puddle
From Middle English podel, diminutive of Old English pudd (“ditch”), from Proto-Germanic *puddaz (compare Low German Pudel (“puddle”), Middle High German podel (“quagmire, mudhole”), Hunsrik Puttel, dialectal German Pfudel (“puddle”), German pudeln (“to splash about”)), ultimately imitative.
Raaya
Associated with Hindi [Term?], meaning "royal" or "royalty", from the terms rai, raj, etc. Some texts also indicate it means "always". Also associated with the term Rah, meaning path, road or journey.
decime
From Latin decima (“a tenth; a tithing”). By surface analysis, dec- + -ime. Doublet of decim, decima, and dime.
From French décime (“a tenth; a decime”). Doublet of decim, decima, and dime.
prede
Borrowed from Latin praedārī. Doublet of prey.
From Middle English prede, from Latin praeda. Doublet of prey.
ruote
Unadapted borrowing from Italian ruote (“wheels”). Doublet of rotor and rota.
carbonari
From Italian carbonari, plural of carbonaro.
From Italian carbonari, plural of carbonaro (dialectal, literally “charcoal burner”), from carbone (“coal”). Cognate with carbonara.
afuera
From Spanish afuera, the English definition originates from a video where Javier Milei removes the names of government agencies off a board.
cunette
From French cunette (possibly also lacunette), from Italian cunetta (“cunette”), said to be from lacunetta, diminutive of lacuna (“ditch; lagoon; gap”), from Latin lacūna (“hole, pit; cavity, cleft, hollow, opening; gap, void”), from lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).
arvicole
From Latin arvum (“field”) + colo (“to inhabit”); compare Italian arvicola.
cumulate
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *ḱuh₁mósder.?
Latin cumulus
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin cumulō
Latin cumulātusbor.
English cumulate
First attested in 1534; borrowed from Latin cumulātus, perfect passive participle of cumulō (“to pile up”), see -ate (etymology 1, 2 and 3). Sporadic use of the participle up until Early Modern English.
procelle
From Middle French procelle, from Latin procella (“storm”), from procello (“to throw violently forward”), from pro- (“pro-: forward”) + cello (“to rise, to tower”).
Cilicia
Borrowed from Latin Cilicia, from Ancient Greek Κιλικία (Kilikía).
foumart
From Middle English fulmard, from Old English fūl (“foul”) + mearþ (“marten”), in reference to its offensive smell.
Beverley
From Old English befer (“beaver”) + lēah (“clearing”). Equivalent to Beaver + -ley (“lea”).
Tanganyika
Etymology tree
Proto-Bantu *-cànga
Proto-Sabaki *-canga
Proto-Sabaki *-canganya
Swahili -changanya
Swahili -changanyikader.
English Tanganyika
After Lake Tanganyika, from Swahili changanyika (“to mix”) which might have meant where the water of the rivers mix.
Baikal
From Russian Байка́л (Bajkál, “Baikal”), from Buryat Байгал нуур (Bajgal nuur, “Lake Baikal”), perhaps ultimately from the Turkic *bāy (“rich”), and *köl, *kȫl (“lake”), with reference to the abundance of high-quality salmon in the lake. The Turkic origin is rejected by Vasmer. Native Mongolic origins have also been proposed.
Arianna
From Italian Arianna, from Ancient Greek Ἀριάδνη (Ariádnē).
Hayden
Originally a place name, from Old English heg (“hay”) + denu (“valley”). Alternatively, from Middle Dutch heiden (“heathen”).
Brady
From Old English brād (“broad”) + ēage (“eye”) and brād (“broad”) + ēġ (“island”); or from Irish Ó Brádaigh.
indiscipline
From French indiscipline, from Middle French [Term?], from Late Latin indisciplina.
isolani
Coined by Aron Nimzowitsch, from Italian isolano (“islander”).
intendant
Originally and usually from French intendant, but translating Spanish or Chinese equivalents in some contexts.
patriline
Borrowed from Latin pater (“father”) + linea (“line”). By surface analysis, patri- + line.
matriline
Borrowed from Latin mater (“mother”) + linea (“line”). By surface analysis, matri- + line.
bothy
Probably from booth + -y (diminutive suffix). Booth is ultimately derived from Proto-Germanic *bōþō (“building; dwelling; hut”), from *būaną (“to dwell, reside”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”). The short vowel /ɒ/, /ɑ/, etc., in the first syllable instead of the long vowel /uː/ in booth may be due to the influence of Irish both and Scottish Gaelic both (“booth, hut”), which have the same etymology as booth.