MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Strutt
English surname of uncertain origin, but probably from the Old Norse byname Strútr. Alternatively, from Middle English strutt (“quarrel”), a nickname for a quarrelsome person.
Coonan
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Cuanáin (“descendant of Cuanán”), a diminutive of the personal name Cuana.
Wenham
Habitational surname from any of various places in Suffolk, from Old English wynn (“pasture”) + hām (“homestead”).
Fenby
Habitational surname from a village in Lincolnshire, from Old English fenn (“fen, marsh”) + Old Norse býr (“farmstead”).
Allingham
Habitational surname from the village of Alvingham, in Lincolnshire, which is from the Old English personal name Ælfa + -ing (“belonging to”) + hām (“homestead”).
Belfrage
Two main origins:
* Scottish habitational surname from an island in the Severn, from Old English befer (“beaver”) + īeġ (“island”).
* Borrowed from Swedish Belfrage.
Radomsky
A variant of Radomski or from Russian Радомський (Radomsʹkij).
Bysouth
Topographic surname for someone who lived to the south of a settlement, from Old English bī (“by”) + sūþ (“south”).
Streatfield
Habitational surname from a lost place in East Sussex, from Old English strǣt (“street, road”) + feld (“field”).
Iapydes
From Ancient Greek Ἰάποδες (Iápodes).
McSween
* As a Scottish Gaelic surname, from Mac Suibhne (“son of Suibhne”); see McQueen and McSweeney.
* As a Scottish surname, from MacSuain, from Old Norse sveinn (“boy servant”). This also appears as the variants McSwain and Whan.
Halyna
From Slavic (Ukrainian Галина (Halyna), etc), from Ancient Greek; Doublet of Halina, Galina, and Galyna.
agaration
From Malay agak (“to estimate”) + -ation. The r is epenthetic.
Hacikyan
Borrowed from Armenian Խաչիկյան (Xačʻikyan).
Dodwell
From the Old English personal name Dodda + wielle (“well, spring”).
Marland
Habitational surname from a minor place in Lancashire, from Old English mere (“lake, pool”) + land (“land, estate”).
Slowey
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Sluaghadhaigh (“descendant of Sluaghadach”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of sluaghadh (“hosting, fit for hosting”), from slua (“host”).
Rudick
Two main origins:
* A variant of Ruddock.
* An Americanized variant of German Rudich.
Salles
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from French Salles.
* Borrowed from Catalan Sallés.
McQuiston
Anglicized form of Northern Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Uisdein (“son of Uisdean”); compare McCutcheon.
Hartshorne
From Old English heorot (“stag”) + -s- + horn (“horn”).
Sloyan
Two main origins:
* A variant of Sloane.
* Borrowed from Armenian Սլոյան (Sloyan).
Ouseley
Habitational surname from a minor place in Shropshire; the second element is undoubtedly Old English lēah (“clearing, glade”).
Tang Soo Do
From Korean 당수도(唐手道) (dangsudo), possibly related to Japanese 唐手道 (karatedō, “the way of karate”) (now 空手道). First attributed in 1957.
surpeti
Borrowed from Hindi सुरपेटी (surpeṭī).
Jaichand
Borrowed from Hindi जयचन्द (jaycand) / जयचंद (jaycand), from Sanskrit जय (jaya, “victory”) + चन्द्र (candra, “moon”); the Hindi variant of Sanskrit जयचन्द्र (jayacandra, “Jayachandra”), a Gahadavala king whose rule immediately preceded the Ghurid Muslim conquest of much of India, and who was the accused in the poem Prithviraj Raso of conspiring with the Ghurids against India in order to defeat his rival Prithviraj Chauhan.
Krishnaswamy
Borrowed from Tamil கிருஷ்ணசாமி (kiruṣṇacāmi).
fromagier
From French fromagier. By surface analysis, fromage + -ier.
Seefeld
From German Seefeld (toponym).
From German Seefeld (surname).
Albiter
Borrowed from Spanish Albíter. This surname is mostly found in Mexico.
Brokenborough
From Old English brocen (“broken; uneven”) + beorg (“mountain, hill”).
Chenery
Possibly a Norman habitational surname from the village of Chenevrey-et-Morogne, in France.
Padley
From either the Old English personal name Padda or padde (“toad”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Lowbridge
Habitational surname from a minor place in Westmorland, from Old English hlǣw (“mountain, hill”) + brycġ (“bridge”).
Oge
* As a French surname, from Oge.
* As a Turkish surname, from Öge, Öğe, from the noun öge (“genius”).
* As a West African (mainly Nigeria) surname, shortened from Ogechukwukamma, see Chukwu.
Warhola
Borrowed from Ukrainian вархола (varxola, “quarrel”).
Flowerdew
Anglicized form of an Old French personal name composed of the elements flor (“flower”) + deu (“God”).
Tregoning
Habitational surname from any of several minor places in Cornwall, from Cornish tre (“homestead; settlement”) + a lenited form of the personal name Conan.
Shoard
Topographic surname for someone who lived by a gap between hills, or by a cleft in rocks, from Old English sċeard (“notch, gap; shard”).
Pakenham
From the Old English personal name Pacca + hām (“homestead”).
O'Halpin
Anglicized form of Irish Ó hAilpín (“descendant of Ailpín”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of ailp (“lump, stout person”). Compare McAlpine.
Denslow
Probably a habitational surname from a lost or unidentified place in Devon, from Old English dene (“valley”) + slōh (“slough, marsh”).
Zelayeta
Borrowed from Spanish Zelayeta, a surname of Basque origin.
Baltassar
From Latin Baltassar, from Ancient Greek Βαλτάσαρ (Baltásar), from Hebrew בֵּלְשַׁאצַּר (bēlšaṣṣar), from Akkadian 𒁹𒀭𒂗𒈗𒋀 (Bēl-šarra-uṣur, literally “May Bel protect the king”).
From Latin Baltassar, from Ancient Greek Βαλτάσαρ (Baltásar), from Hebrew בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר (bēletešaṣṣar), from Akkadian 𒊩𒆪𒈗𒋀 (beltu-šar-uṣur).
Skok
* As a Serbo-Croatian and Slovene surname, nickname for a Turkish refugee, from uskočiti (“to flee”) (compare Czech utéct). Also a nickname from the verb skok (“to jump”). This is also sometimes found as a Polish surname from the same verb skok.
* As a Jewish (Lithuania and Latvia) surname, from Skoki, the Polish and Russian name for Skakai, a small town in Kriukai in Lithuania.
Belteshazzar
From Hebrew בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּר (Bēltăša'ṣṣar), from Akkadian 𒊩𒆪𒈗𒋀 (beltu-šar-uṣur).
shavasana
From Modern Sanskrit शवासन (śavāsana), from शव (śava, “corpse”) + आसन (āsana, “asana”).
Ugwu
Borrowed from Igbo úgwú (“mountain, hill”), a topographic surname.
Tizzard
From Old French tissier (“to weave”) or tisseur (“weaver”), an occupational surname for a weaver.
Kander
* As a Jewish surname, variant of Kanter.
* As a German surname, from Kandern in Germany, which shares the same origin as Etymology 2 below.
* As a Polish surname, variant of the German names Konder, Gunter.
From Alemannic German Kander, a name said to be of pre-Roman/Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *kandera (“bright, brilliant”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kand-, see also Ancient Greek κάνδαρος (kándaros).
Luckham
Habitational surname from a lost place in Somerset, from the Old English personal name Lufa + hām (“homestead”).
Meynell
Two main origins:
* From Old French mesnil (“cottage”), a topographic surname for someone who lived in an isolated dwelling.
* From a Norman female personal name composed of the Proto-Germanic elements *maginą (“power, might”) and *hildiz (“battle, fight”).
Reusel-De Mierden
Borrowed from Dutch Reusel-De Mierden.
Vinogradoff
Americanized spelling of Russian Виногра́дов (Vinográdov).
Mackall
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Cathail (“son of Cathal”). Compare McCall.
Dalezios
Borrowed from Greek Δαλέζιος (Dalézios).
Balachandran
Borrowed from Malayalam ബാലചന്ദ്രൻ (bālacandraṉ).
O'Hurley
Anglicized form of Irish Ó hUrthuile (“descendant of Urthuile”), a personal name of obscure origin. Compare Hurley.
Mirchandani
Borrowed from Marathi मीरचंदानी (mīrcandānī). This surname is mostly found in Maharashtra.
O'Beirne
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Broin (“descendant of Bran”), a byname from bran (“raven”). See Byrne.
Mahowald
Borrowed from Luxembourgish Mahowald, a habitational surname.
McCullen
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Cuilinn (“son of Cuileann”), a byname from cuileann (“holly”).
Mulloughney
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Maolfhachtna (“descendant of the devotee of (Saint) Fachtna”).
Pingle
Two main origins:
* Americanized spelling of German Pingel.
* Borrowed from Marathi पिंगळे (piṅgḷe). This surname is mostly found in Maharashtra.
Sorbo
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Italian Sorbo, from sorbo (“service tree”).
* Borrowed from Norwegian Sørbø, a habitational surname from several farmsteads in Norway.
Nusaybin
From Turkish Nusaybin and Ottoman Turkish نصیبین (Nusaybin), from Arabic نُصَيْبِين (Nuṣaybīn), from Classical Syriac ܢܨܝܒܝܢ (Nəṣībīn), an Old Aramaic 2nd millennium BC plural formation from ܢܨܝܒ (nəṣīḇ, “planted, erected”, adjective), from the root ܢ ܨ ܒ cognate with Arabic ن ص ب (n ṣ b).
Cornforth
From a metathesized form of Old English cran (“crane”) + ford (“ford”).
Yenice
From Ottoman Turkish یكیجه (yenice), meaning "new town". See also yeni (“new”).
Martenson
Respelling of Danish and Norwegian Martensen, or Swedish Mårtensson.
Sukkur
Borrowed from Urdu سَکَّھرْ (sakkhar).
Charnock
Two origins:
* English habitational surname from the villages of Heath Charnock and Charnock Richard, in Lancashire, probably of Celtic origin and related to the name Cairns.
* Americanized spelling of Polish Czarnoch or Slovak Černok; see Cernik.
Kenrick
From Middle English Cenric, Kendrich, of several origins:
* From Old English Cyneric, from cyne- (“royal”) + ric (“power”),
* Borrowed from Middle Welsh Cynwrig (“greatest champion”), from cynt (“before, first”) + gwr (“man”) + -ig
* Borrowed from Irish Mac Ionnrachtaigh via Enright, in which case also a doublet of Hanratty
Dunbabin
From Old English dunn (“black, dark coloured”) + Middle English *Babin or *Bobin, a hypocoristic form of Robin.
Lineham
Two main origins:
* A variant of Lynam, a habitational surname of Old English origin.
* A variant of Linehan, a surname of Irish origin.
Lauture
Borrowed from French Lauture. This surname is mostly found in Haiti.
Goding
Two main origins:
* A variant of Gooding.
* Borrowed from German Göding.
McBrearty
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Mhuircheartaigh (“son of Muircheartach”), a personal name meaning "navigator". Compare Moriarty.
Tcholakian
From Armenian Չոլաքյան (Čʻolakʻyan), via French Tcholakian.
adawlut
Borrowed from Hindustani عدالت / अदालत (adālat), from Classical Persian عدالت ('adālat).
Addu
Borrowed from Dhivehi އައްޑޫ (aḍḍū), from earlier 𑤀𑤘𑤾𑤘𑤳𑤩𑤳 (aḍḍuvu); equivalent to އަށް (aṣ̊, “eight”) + ދޫ (dū, “island”).
Dewhurst
Topographic surname from Lancashire, from Old English dēawig (“dewy”) + hyrst (“wooded hill”).
Adonia
From Ancient Greek Ἀδώνια (Adṓnia).
Aerope
From Ancient Greek Ἀερόπη (Aerópē).
agoranomos
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀγορανόμος (agoranómos).
Ahir
Borrowed from Hindi अहीर (ahīr), from Sanskrit आभीर (ābhīra).
Ravenhill
From the Old Norse female given name Hrafnhildr, composed of the elements hrafn (“raven”) + hildr (“battle”).
Horwood
From Old English hore (“mud, muck”) + wudu (“wood”).
airampo
Borrowed from Spanish airampo, from Quechua ayrampu.
ainoi
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek αἶνοι (aînoi), plural of αἶνος (aînos).
cuapao
From Hokkien 割包 (koah-pau). Compare Tagalog kuwapaw.
ajari
From Japanese 阿闍梨. Doublet of acharya.
akhrot
Borrowed from Hindustani अख़रोट (axroṭ) / اَخْروٹ (axroṭ), in turn from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄𑀝 (akkhoṭa), ultimately from Sanskrit अक्षोट (akṣoṭa).
Yovanovich
Borrowed from Russian Йова́нович (Jovánovič).
seacunny
From Arabic سُكَّان (sukkān, “helm”), influenced by sea.
death of the author
Calque of French la mort de l'auteur, the title of a 1967 essay by the French literary critic and theorist Roland Barthes (1915–1980).
Luxton
Habitational surname from a minor place in Devon, from the Old English personal name *Lugga + -s- + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
anargyros
From Ancient Greek ἀνἀργυρος (anarguros, “incorruptible”), from ἄργυρος (árguros, “silver”).
McEachin
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Eachainn (“son of Eachann”), a personal name composed of the elements each (“horse”) + donn (“brown”).
Disborough
Habitational surname from a lost or unidentified place, from Old English dwostle (“pennyroyal”) + beorg (“hill”).
Liaw
From Mandarin or Hakka, Hokkien, Teochew, Taishanese 廖.
Lauterbrunnen
From Alemannic German; the second element is Brunnen (“well, spring, fountain”). The first element could be laut (“clear, pure”).
Grindelwald
From Alemannic German, probably corresponding to Grindel (from Middle High German grintel, from Old High German grintil (“bar, bolt”)) + Wald (“forest”).
Barelvi
From Urdu بریلوی (barelvī); which means "of Bareilly" from Bareilly, a city in Uttar Pradesh, India; the location in which the movement began.
Bygrave
From Old English bī (“by, near, around”) + græf (“ditch, trench”).
Nidd
From Old English *Nid, from Proto-West Germanic *Nǐd, from Proto-Germanic *Nidā, from Proto-Indo-European *neid-/*nid- (“flow”).
Pinsker
Borrowed from German Pinsker, a Jewish Ashkenazi habitational surname for someone from Pinsk, in Belarus.
Gingold
Borrowed from Yiddish גינגאָלד (gingold, “fine gold”), a Jewish Ashkenazi ornamental surname.
Geldrop-Mierlo
Borrowed from Dutch Geldrop-Mierlo.
Troughton
Habitational surname from a minor place in Lancashire, from Old English trog (“trough”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
sanghi
Borrowed from Hindi संघी (saṅghī), from Hindi संघ (saṅgh, “association, union”), clipping of राष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवक संघ (rāṣṭrīya svayansevak saṅgh, “Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh”), a Hindu nationalist right-wing group in India.
Boell
From Germanic (Danish Bøll, German Böll). See Boll.
Finkley
From Old English finċ (“finch”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”). Equivalent to finch + -ley (“lea”). Doublet of Finchley.
Chesterman
Perhaps from Old English ċeaster (“city, town”) + mann (“man”), a topographic surname for someone who lived near a Roman fort or a habitational surname for someone from any of various places called Chester.
Mears
* As an English surname, variant of Mear, topographic surname for someone who lived by a pond, from Old English mere (“lake, pool”), or near a boundary, from ġemǣre (“boundary, border”).
* As an Irish surname, from Ó Meidhir, from meidhir (“mirth”). Compare Myers.
Unstone
From the unattested Old English personal name *Ōn or *Ōna + -s- + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Tottle
Perhaps a topographic surname for someone who lived by a hill used as a look-out station, from Old English tot (“look-out”) + hyll (“hill”).
Widdicombe
Habitational surname from any of several minor places in England, from Old English wīd (“wide”) or wīþiġ (“willow”) + cumb (“valley”).
Ghannam
Borrowed from Arabic غنام (ghannam, “shepherd”). This surname is mostly found in Saudi Arabia.
Gelpi
Borrowed from Catalan Gelpí, of uncertain origin, but compare gelpa (“goblet, cup”), presumably a borrowing from Old French gobelet.
Germer
* As a German surname, from Germer, from an old Germanic name composed of *gaiʀ (“spear”) and *mār (“famous”).
* As a Slavic surname, from the personal name Jaromir.
Harle
Various origins:
* Borrowed from South German Härle.
* Habitational surname from the villages of Kirkharle and Little Harle, possibly named from an Old English personal name Herela, a derivative of here (“army”).
* Borrowed from French Harlé, a topographic surname from harle (“ditch”).
McGettigan
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Eiteagáin (“son of Eiteagán”), a diminutive of eiteach (“winged”).
Sint-Michielsgestel
Borrowed from Dutch Sint-Michielsgestel.
Daintith
A nickname for a pleasant or handsome person, from Middle English deinteth (“pleasure, tidbit”), which is from Old French deintié (“dignity”).
Skipwith
Recorded as Schipwic in the Domesday Book, from Old English sċēap (“sheep”) + wīc (“outlying settlement”). The last element was later changed under the influence of Old Norse viðr (“tree; forest, wood”).
Pelagia
Borrowed from Latin Pelagia, from Ancient Greek Πελαγία (Pelagía). Doublet of Pelagie.
Tharoor
Borrowed from Malayalam തരൂർ (tarūṟ).
Ramesside
From French Ramesside, from Ramsès (“Ramesses”) + -ide (“-id: forming dynastic names”). Doublet of Ramessid.
Scargill
Recorded as Scracreghil in the Domesday Book, from Old Norse skraki (“diving duck”) + gil (“valley, ravine”).
Horder
Two possible etymologies:
* From Middle English horder (“keeper of a store of goods”), an occupational surname for a person who looked after other people's money.
* A variant of Middle English herder (“herdsman”), an occupational surname.
O'Meara
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Meadhra (“descendant of Meadhair”), a byname from meadhair, variant of meidhir (“mirth, merriment”).
ice burn
Phono-semantic matching of Japanese アイスバーン (aisubān), from German Eisbahn (literally “ice road”).
Wiman
* As a Swedish surname, from vi (“sacred place”) + man.
* As an English surname, variant of Wyman.
* As a German surname, Americanized from Weimann.
Youngkin
Americanized spelling of German Juncken or Jünken.
Lynskey
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Loingscigh, a variant of Ó Loingsigh, from which Lynch.
Maknojia
Borrowed from Marathi मकनोजिया (maknojiyā).
McCaughan
Anglicized form of Northern Irish Mac Eacháin (“son of Eachán”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of each (“horse”).
Nettleship
Habitational surname from a lost place in Yorkshire, from Old English netle (“nettle”) + -s- + hop (“small valley, enclosure”). The change of ending from -shop to -ship is common in Northern English.
Kille
* As an English surname, variant of Kill.
* Also as an English surname, from the Middle English personal name Kille, probably of Scandinavian/North Germanic origin; compare the Old Norse name Kíli.
* As a German surname, borrowed from German Kille, a variant of Kilian.
Upfield
From Old English upp (“up”) + feld (“field”), a toponymic surname for someone who lived at the upper field.
Polynoe
From Ancient Greek Πουλυνόη (Poulunóē, literally “giver of reason; richness of mind, thoughtful”).
polyphonia
From Ancient Greek πολυφωνίᾱ (poluphōníā, “variety of tones”).
Degazon
Borrowed from French Degazon. This surname is predominantly found in Haiti.
Kirkup
Probably a habitational surname from a lost place in England, from Old English ċiriċe (“church”) + upp (“up, top”).
Mellanby
Habitational surname from a lost village in England, from an unclear first element + Old Norse býr (“farmstead”).
Shcherbina
Borrowed from Ukrainian Щербина (Ščerbyna).
Elworthy
From the Old English personal name Ella + worþig (“estate, enclosure”).
Cropley
Two possible origins:
* English habitational surname from a minor place in Suffolk, from Old English cropp (“swelling, mound”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”). Equivalent to crop + -ley (“lea”).
* Americanized spelling of Swiss German Kroppli, a variant of Kropf.
Dearnley
Habitational surname from a minor place in Lancashire, from Old English dierne (“secret, hidden”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”). Equivalent to dearn + -ley (“lea”).
Sayce
Anglicized form of Welsh Sais (“Englishman”), an ethnonymic surname.
Tyman
English surname of uncertain origin, possibly from the obsolete Middle English teie (“enclosed field”) + man. Compare Tymon.
bingsu
From Korean 빙수(氷水) (bingsu, “shaved ice”).
Tano
Borrowed from Spanish Taño. This surname is mostly found in the Philippines.
Subba
Borrowed from Nepali सुब्बा (subbā).
Sapkota
Borrowed from Nepali सापकोटा (sāpkoṭā).
Parrales
Borrowed from Spanish Parrales. This surname is mostly found in Ecuador.
Beddington
From the Old English personal name *Beadda + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
molnupiravir
From -vir. Coined by Merck in 2020, named after Thor's Hammer; from Old Norse Mjǫllnir
Furse
From Middle English Furse, topographic surname for someone who lived in a piece of land abundant with gorse, from Old English fyrs (“gorse”).
Glynos
Borrowed from Greek Γλυνός (Glynós).
laoshi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of 老師／老师 (lǎoshī, “teacher”).
Derg
Borrowed from Amharic ደርግ (därg, “committee; council”).
Walsworth
From Old English wealh (“Briton”) + -s- + worþ (“enclosure”). Compare Walworth.
Ormsby
Habitational surname from the village of South Ormsby in Lincolnshire, from the Old Norse personal name Ormr + býr (“village”). Compare Ormesby.
Santry
Anglicized form of Irish Seantrabh, from sean (“old”) + treibh (“tribe”).
Conran
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Conaráin (“descendant of Conarán”), a pet form of the personal name Conaire.
Andreeva
Borrowed from Russian Андре́ева (Andréjeva), feminine form of Андре́ев (Andréjev).
Sorokin
Borrowed from Russian Соро́кин (Sorókin).
Cooch Behar
Borrowed from Kamta কোচবিহাৰ (küsbihar).
hofan
From Cantonese 河粉 (ho⁴⁻² fan²).
McRobbie
From the Scottish Gaelic patronymic surname from the personal name Robbie.
jovicline
From Jove + -cline. From Latin Jovi (“Jupiter”) (Iove, Iuppiter) + clino (“incline”) (gradient). Coined in reference to thermocline and halocline.
Micklethwaite
From Old Norse mikill (“great, large”) + þveit (“clearing”).
Gunton
From the Old Norse personal name Gunni + Old English tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
spiritrompe
Borrowed from French spiritrompe, from Latin spira (“spiral”) + French trompe (“trumpet, trunk (of an elephant)”)
Stepanyan
Borrowed from Armenian Ստեփանյան (Stepʻanyan).
McClatchey
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic and Northern Scottish Gaelic Mac Gille Èitigh (“son of the ugly lad”), from gille (“boy, lad”) and èitigh (“unseemly, ugly”).
Debney
English habitational surname of Norman origins, from any of several places in France called Aubigné or Aubigny. Ultimately from Norman Dieubeneye (“may God bless”).
Ooi
Borrowed from Hokkien 黃／黄 (Ûiⁿ).
Memelland
From German Memelland. By surface analysis, Memel + -land.
kikiam
From Tagalog kikiam or Spanish que-quian, from Hokkien, possibly 雞 /鸡 (ke, “chicken”) + 繭 /茧 (kián, “cocoon”) or 鹹 /咸 (kiâm, “viand; rice topping”). See also kiampong, tawkiam, Hokkien 鹹飯 /咸饭 (kiâm-pn̄g) and Taiwanese Hokkien 雞卷 /鸡卷 (koe-kńg), 肉繭 /肉茧, 肉繭仔 /肉茧仔, 繭仔 /茧仔, Cebuano ngohiong, Cebuano tempura, Singaporean and Malaysian English ngoh hiang.
 Manuel (1948) also notes that the first syllable implies "chicken", but the chief ingredient more often used these days is now pork.
Angier
Patronymic surname from the Old French personal name Angier, probably a compound of Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“deity”) + *gaizaz (“spear, javelin”).
Upcott
Habitational surname from any of several minor places, from Old English upp (“up”) + cot (“cottage”).
Karpiak
Borrowed from either Ukrainian Карпяк (Karpjak) or Polish Karpiak.
Hyams
Americanized form of any of various Ashkenazi surnames derived from the Yiddish personal name חיים (khayem, “Chaim”).
Calcott
From Old English cald (“cold”) + cot (“cottage”), denoting a place provided with a shelter for the wintertime. Compare Calcutt, Caldecote, Caldecott and Caldicot, which share the same etymology.
Susla
Borrowed from either Ukrainian Сусла (Susla) or Polish Susła.
Zariczny
From a Polish transliteration of Ukrainian Зарічний (Zaričnyj).
Kainth
Borrowed from Punjabi ਕੈਂਥ (kainth).
Bathla
Borrowed from Punjabi ਬਠਲਾ (baṭhlā).
Crolly
Anglicised from Irish Croithlí or Croichshlí.
Volsky
From Belarusian Вольскі (Vólʹski), Russian Вольский (Volʹskij), or Ukrainian Вольський (Volʹsʹkyj), or a respelling of Polish Wolski.
Outhwaite
Habitational surname from a lost place in Yorkshire, from the Old Norse personal name Ufi + þveit (“clearing, glade”). Compare Dowthwaite.
Dutro
Two main origins:
* Perhaps an American variant of the German surname Dotterer.
* An Americanized spelling of French Dutraux, Dutroux.
Reuss
German surname for a cobbler, from the obsolete Middle High German (alt)riusse. Also from the noun Russe (“Russian”).
For the river see Reuss below.
Carolean
From Latin Carolus (“Charles”) + -ean. May be decomposed as Carol (“Charles”) + -ean.
Calque of Swedish karolin, ultimately derived from Latin Carolus (“Charles”).
Era of Great Power
Calque of Swedish stormaktstiden (“the great power period”).
Gilhooly
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Mac Giolla Ghuala (“son of the gluttonous lad”), from giolla (“boy, lad”) and guala (“gullet, gut”).
Itani
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Arabic عيتاني, a surname predominantly found in Lebanon.
* Borrowed from Japanese 伊谷 (Itani).
Jelen
From a Slavic word meaning deer, like Czech jelen, Slovene jelen, Serbo-Croatian jelen, Polish jeleń or Slovak jeleň.