MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Kyiv
Transliteration of Ukrainian Ки́їв (Kýjiv), from Old East Slavic Кꙑевъ (Kyjevŭ), traditionally said to derive from the name of city's legendary founder, Kyi. Other proposals derive it from Proto-Slavic *kyjь (“stick, club, hammer”) (compare to Ukrainian кий (kyj)). See also at the article about Old East Slavic Кꙑевъ (Kyjevŭ).
tsuridono
Borrowed from Japanese 釣殿, literally "fishing pavilion".
Odesa
Borrowed from Ukrainian Оде́са (Odésa) (cognate with Russian Оде́сса (Odéssa)).
nematogen
Formed as nemat- + -o- + -gen, in zoölogical use after the French nématogène. Compare nematogenous and nematogenic, as well as the scientific Latin Nēmatogena.
razzia
Borrowed from French razzia, from Algerian Arabic غَزِيَّة (ḡaziya), equalling Arabic غَزْوَة (ḡazwa, “raid, military campaign”). Doublet of ghazwa.
calimocho
Borrowed from Spanish calimocho, from Basque kalimotxo.
homophora
From Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō, “to carry”). By surface analysis, homo- + -phor + -a.
wallowish
From Middle English walwisch, equivalent to wallow (“tasteless, bland”) + -ish.
mongo
Borrowed from Spanish mongo . Compare Tagalog munggo. Doublet of mung.
Nathanael
From Ancient Greek Ναθαναήλ (Nathanaḗl), from Biblical Hebrew נְתַנְאֵל (Netan'el, literally “God has given”).
bureau de change
Unadapted borrowing from French bureau de change (“office of exchange”).
Roxane
From French Roxane, from Ancient Greek Ῥωξᾱ́νη (Rhōxā́nē), from Old Persian *rauxšnā, from Proto-Indo-European *lówksneh₂. Doublet of Luna.
epicaricacy
From Ancient Greek ἐπιχαιρεκακία (epikhairekakía, “joy upon evil”). The word appears in most of the editions of Nathaniel Bailey's dictionary and many dictionaries that came after. Linguist Joseph T. Shipley included it in his Dictionary of Early English (1963), citing Bailey. Evidence of actual usage seems scant until it was picked up by various "interesting word" websites around the turn of the twenty-first century.
mayweed
From Middle English *maythe weed, equivalent to maythe (“mayweed”) + weed; reanalysed as May + weed.
arnis
From Tagalog arnis, from Spanish arnés in the archaic sense of “a chivalric set of weapons or armor” (compare English harness).
Stradivarius
Named after the Stradivari family (Latin Stradivarius), an Italian surname either from the plural of Lombard stradivare (“toll-man”), or from strada averta (“open road”) in the Cremonese dialect.
maritozzo
Borrowed from Italian, from marito (“husband”), possibly because it used to be given to a girl by her fiancé.
Ananias
From Ancient Greek Ἀνανίας (Ananías), from Hebrew חֲנַנְיָה (khananyá).
Maimonides
Borrowed from Latin Maimōnidēs, from Ancient Greek Μαϊμωνίδης (Maïmōnídēs), a translation of Hebrew בֵּן מַיְמוֹן (ben maymon) or Arabic اِبْن مَيْمُون (ibn maymūn), both meaning “son of Maymon”.
Abiturient
Borrowed from German Abiturient, from Latin abituriō (“to wish to leave”).
Mercia
Latinization of Old English Mierċe (literally “border people”), derived from mearc, whence mark.
cynegetic
PIE word
 *ḱwṓ
Borrowed from Greek κυνηγετικός (kynigetikós, “of or relating to hunting”). Κυνηγετικός (Kynigetikós) is inherited from Ancient Greek κῠνηγετῐκός (kŭnēgetĭkós), from κυνηγέτης (kunēgétēs, “hunter”) + -ῐκός (-ĭkós, suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives); and κυνηγέτης (kunēgétēs) from κύων (kúōn, “dog”) (from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”)) + ἡγέτης (hēgétēs, “leader”) (ultimately from ἡγέομαι (hēgéomai, “to lead”), possibly from ᾰ̓́γω (ắgō, “to guide; to lead”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- (“to drive”) or *seh₂g- (“to seek out”)).
Steinmetz
Borrowed from German Steinmetz, an occupational name for a stonemason.
campesterol
From Latin campester + -ol, campestris, from campus + -estris.
carnitine
From German Carnitin, coined from Latin carn- + Latin -i- + -t- (“arbitrary insertion”) + -in, for it was first described in meat extracts in 1905. By surface analysis, Latin carnit- + -ine.
farkakteh
Borrowed from Yiddish פֿאַרקאַקט (farkakt, “shitty, crappy, full of shit”).
attitudinise
From Italian attitudine + -ise, from Latin aptitūdin- + -ise, from oblique stem of Latin aptitūdō, from aptus + -tūdō. By surface analysis, attitude + -ise.
canzonet
From Italian canzonetta, from canzone (“song”) + -etta (“-ette: forming diminutives”), from Latin cantiō. Doublet of canzonetta. Cf. canzone.
auslaut
PIE word
 *úd
Borrowed from German Auslaut, from aus- (prefix meaning ‘out’) + Laut (“sound”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”)).
The plural form auslaute is borrowed from German Auslaute.
glucagon
From gluco- + Ancient Greek ἄγων (ágōn), present participle of ἄγω (ágō, “push forward, put in motion; stir up; excite, urge”).
phronemophobia
From Ancient Greek φρόνημα (phrónēma, “mind, thought”) + -o- + -phobia.
peniaphobia
From Ancient Greek πενία (penía, “poverty”) + -phobia. Related to Latin penuria (“poverty”).
batrachophobia
From Ancient Greek βάτραχος (bátrakhos, “frog”) + -phobia.
melophobia
From melo- + -phobia, from Ancient Greek μελῳδία (melōidía, “music”) + φόβος (phóbos, “fear”), “fear of music”.
anemophobia
From anemo- (“wind”) + -phobia. In some uses apparently a calque of Chinese 惡風 /恶风 (“aversion from wind (due to the coldness it brings about)”), a term used in traditional Chinese medicine.
Roch
From Middle English Rechedham, from Old English Reċedhām, of Brythonic origin, from the intensive Proto-Brythonic prefix *ar- + *koɨd (“wood”), meaning "river opposite of the wood." More at Roch.
illipe
From Tamil இலுப்பை (iluppai, “mahwa tree”).
enucleation
From Latin ēnucleātus, perfect passive participle of ēnucleō (“to remove the kernel, stone, etc. from (a fruit, grape)”). Equivalent to enucleate + -ion.
genual
PIE word
 *ǵónu
From New Latin genuālis, from Latin genū (“knee”). By surface analysis, Latin genū + -al.
tropho-
Etymology tree
Proto-Hellenic *tʰrépʰō
Ancient Greek τρέφω (tréphō)
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Ancient Greek -ᾱ (-ā)
Ancient Greek -η (-ē)
Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ)bor.
English tropho-
Borrowed from Ancient Greek τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”).
choleretic
From German cholereticum, from modern Latin choleresis (“bile secretion from the liver”) (modelled on diuretic).
apperceive
From Middle English aperceiven, from Old French aperceveir, apercevoir, from Late Latin *appercipiō, from ad- + percipiō.
Neman
From Russian Не́ман (Néman), from Lithuanian Nemunas, of uncertain origin, possibly from an Old Lithuanian word meaning "damp, wet" (Proto-Indo-European *ned- (“wet”), sharing Ancient Greek νοτερός (noterós)), or from nemti (“to become silent”), or from Finnic niemi (“cape”).
Sapporo
Borrowed from Japanese 札幌 (Sapporo), from Ainu サッ・ポロ・ペッ (sat poro pet, literally “dry, great river”).
parti pris
Unadapted borrowing from French parti pris (“decision taken; prejudice”).
uber
From German über (“above”, preposition), which is also used as a prefix (über-); cognate with over. Entered English through Nietzsche's use of the word Übermensch. Doublet of over, super, and hyper.
The company's name is from uber, from German über (“above, over”), as in “above all the rest (of the competition),” a principle the founders wanted to build upon.
ursodeoxycholic acid
Calque of German Ursodesoxycholsäure; equivalent to Latin urs(us) (“bear”) + deoxycholic acid. In 1901–1902, Swedish biochemist Olof Hammarsten isolated an unknown bile acid from polar bear bile at Uppsala University, naming it Ursocholeinsäure (in German) in a two-part paper in Hoppe-Seyler's Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie. In 1927, Japanese researcher Masato Shoda crystallized the compound from a commercial preparation of Asian black bear bile and found it to be an isomer of deoxycholic acid, renaming it Ursodesoxycholsäure (in German) in a paper in The Journal of Biochemistry.
mesenterium
From Late Latin mesenterium and its source, Ancient Greek μεσεντέριον (mesentérion).
Kurdistani
From Northern Kurdish kurdistanî. Equivalent to Kurdistan + -i.
babiche
First attested around 1800–10. From Canadian French, from Mi'kmaq ápapíj (“cord, thread”), diminutive of ápapi, from Proto-Algonquian *aʔlapa·py, *aʔlapa·pyi, from *aʔlapy- (“net”) + *-a·py (“string”).
scute
Borrowed from Latin scutum (“shield”). Compare scutum, escudo, scudo, and écu.
Ol Cemet'
From Santali ᱚᱞ ᱪᱮᱢᱮᱫ (ôl cemet’).
Vltava
From Czech Vltava, of uncertain origin; possibly cognate to Moldau, the German name for the river, as it is sometimes suggested that both words derive from Old High German * wilt awa, wilt aha (“wild river”), corresponding to Proto-Germanic *wilþijaz (“wild”) + *ahwō (“water”); older texts have spellings such as Fuldaha (in 872), Wultha (1113), Wlitaua (1125). However, compare Ltava.
isopach
From iso- + Ancient Greek παχύς (pakhús, “thick”) (see pachy-).
inlaw
From Middle English inlawen, inlaghen, from Old English inlagian, ġeinlagian (“to restore to the protection of the law, inlaw”), equivalent to in- + law.
From Middle English inlaghe, inlage, from the verb (see above).
angiocarpian
From Ancient Greek ἀγγεῖον (angeîon, “container”) + καρπός (karpós, “fruit, grain”).
Vaughan
Borrowed from Welsh Vychan, from bychan, diminutive of bach (“little”).
Santali
Borrowed from Santali ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ (santaṛi), equivalent to Santal + -i.
nebulize
Borrowed from Latin nebula (“little cloud, mist”) + -ize.
paraprosdokian
From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “against”) + προσδοκία (prosdokía, “expectation”).
Bava Metzi'a
From Aramaic בבא מציעא (literally “the middle chapter”).
escarmouche
Borrowed from French escarmouche. Doublet of skirmish and Scaramouche.
horilka
From Ukrainian горі́лка (horílka, “vodka”). Compare Belarusian гарэ́лка (harélka), South Russian горе́лка (gorélka).
Dnipropetrovsk
From Ukrainian Дніпропетро́вськ (Dnipropetróvsʹk), from Дніпро́ (Dnipró, “Dnipro River”) + Петро́вський (Petróvsʹkyj), after Soviet revolutionary Grigory Petrovsky. The city was renamed in 2016 as part of general decommunization of placenames but renaming the oblast has not yet occurred because it is mentioned by name in the Ukrainian constitution. Doublet of Dnepropetrovsk, from Russian Днепропетро́вск (Dnepropetróvsk).
Kharkiv
From Ukrainian Ха́рків (Xárkiv), from Old Ruthenian Ха́рьковъ (Xárʹkov) (compare Russian Ха́рьков (Xárʹkov), whence English Kharkov). The city is named after the Kharkiv River. A folk etymology says the city and river are named after a Cossack called Харко́ (Xarkó), from Харько́ (Xarʹkó), from Greek Χαρίτων (Charíton), but there is no hard evidence supporting this.
Lviv
From Ukrainian Львів (Lʹviv), from Old East Slavic Лвовъ (Lvovŭ) or Львовъ (Lĭvovŭ), originally named after the founder's son, Левъ (Levŭ), Lev I of Galicia (ca. 1228 – ca. 1301).
Compare Belarusian Львоў (Lʹvow), Polish Lwów, Russian Львов (Lʹvov), Slovak Ľvov, Middle Armenian Իլով (Ilov), Armeno-Kipchak Իլօվ (Ilōv). Also compare Old East Slavic Льва городъ (Lĭva gorodŭ, literally “Lev's city”), Greek Λεόπολις (Leópolis) or Λεοντόπολις (Leontópolis), Latin Leopolis and German Lemberg.
Mykolaiv
From Ukrainian Микола́їв (Mykolájiv), from Микола́й (Mykoláj, “Nicholas”). The city near the Dniester was founded under the Polish name Mikołajów, named for its founder and first owner, Mikołaj Tarło. The city on the Southern Buh was founded under the Russian name Никола́ев (Nikolájev), named by the city’s founder, H.S.H. Prince Grigory Potemkin, for Никола́й Чудотво́рец (Nikoláj Čudotvórec, St Nicholas the Wonderworker), on whose feast day (the 6th of December) in 1788 (reckoned according to the Julian calendar) the Russian siege of Özi concluded with the capture of the Ottoman fortress-city (now Ochakiv, the Ukraine) by Russian forces under the Prince’s command. Both Polish Mikołajów and Russian Никола́ев (Nikolájev) are cognate with the Ukrainian name, being derived respectively from Mikołaj and Никола́й (Nikoláj), themselves cognate with Ukrainian Микола́й (Mykoláj) by common descent from Ancient Greek Νῑκόλᾱος (Nīkólāos). Compare Nikolayev.
Sevastopol
Late 18th century. From Ukrainian Севасто́поль (Sevastópolʹ) and Russian Севасто́поль (Sevastópolʹ), from Ancient Greek Σεβαστόπολις (Sebastópolis) from σεβαστός (sebastós, “august”) + πόλις (pólis, “city”), probably after Empress (=Augusta) Catherine II of Russia.
Zaporizhzhia
From the historical region of the same name, Ukrainian Запорі́жжя (Zaporížžja, “place beyond the rapids”), from за (za, “beyond”) + поро́ги (poróhy, “rapids”), plural of порі́г (poríh, “river rapid, threshold”). Compare Russian Запоро́жье (Zaporóžʹje).
cultigen
From culti(vated) + -gen, or from Latin cultus (“cultivated”) + gēns (“kind”). Coined by American botanist Liberty Hyde Bailey in 1918.
basilar
Borrowing from New Latin basilāris, irregularly from basis (“a pedestal, foot, base”) + -āris (“-ar, -ary”, adjectival suffix); or from French basilaire, from base (“base, basis”) + -aire (“-ar, -ary”, adjectival suffix), in the pattern of cimbalaire (“cymbal-shaped”).
uhlan
From French uhlan, from German Uhlan, from Polish ułan, from Ottoman Turkish اوغلان (oğlan).
seventh art
Calque of Italian settima arte, which was coined by the Italian film theoretician Ricciotto Canudo (1877–1923) in 1921, considering filmmaking to be a new art combining the six previous arts of architecture, sculpture, painting, music, dance, and poetry. Canudo had previously used the term sesta arte (literally “sixth art”) to describe filmmaking around 1911 when he did not include dance in the set of preceding arts.
anuran
From New Latin Anoura, Anura (“name of the order of amphibians”), or from French Anoures (“name of a family of amphibians”), from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, “lacking”)) + Ancient Greek οὐρά (ourá, “tail”) + -an.
one swallow does not a summer make
Calque of Ancient Greek μία χελιδὼν ἔαρ οὐ ποιεῖ (mía khelidṑn éar ou poieî), part of a remark found in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (1098a18: “one swallow does not a spring make, nor one fine day; similarly one day or brief time of happiness does not make a person entirely happy”), itself inspired by the fable The Young Man and the Swallow by Aesop.
The proverb is an allusion to the migration of swallows to Europe during spring. The unexpected translation of ἔαρ (éar) (meaning "spring") as "summer" seen in English is also encountered in many other languages, such as Dutch een zwaluw maakt nog geen zomer and German eine Schwalbe macht noch keinen Sommer (note the descendants at the Ancient Greek entry).
The unusual English word order (in use from circa 1920) may be intended to reflect the Greek word order, or it may be influenced by the line “Stone walls do not a prison make,” from To Althea, from Prison by Richard Lovelace (1642).
Sherlock
Supposedly from an Old English scir-locc (“bright-lock”).
One of a group of surnames originally denoting hair colour, parallel to Blacklock, Harlock (Old English har (“grey”)), Silverlock.
In the sense of “a detective”, from Sherlock Holmes.
In the computing verb sense, refers to the software Sherlock, which in 2002 came to replicate some of the features of an earlier complementary program called Watson.
scilla
Borrowed from Latin scilla, from Ancient Greek σκίλλα (skílla). Doublet of squill.
revelator
From Middle English revelator, from Latin revēlātor; by surface analysis, revelate + -or.
pantofle
From Middle English pantuflis pl, pantuiffillis pl, from Middle French pantoufle (“slipper”), of uncertain origin.
pseudohistory
From pseudo- + history, coined around 1815, after New Latin pseudo-historia (since 1654 or earlier according to OED).
Yama
Borrowed from Sanskrit यम (yamá). Doublet of Enma.
Borrowed from Japanese やま (Yama).
fatherfucker
Compound of father + fucker. Calque of Hindustani پِدَر چود (pidar cod) / पिदरचोद (pidarcod).
sisterfucker
Compound of sister + fucker. Calque of Hindustani بہن چود / बहनचोद (bahancod).
tyan
From Brythonic numerals, from an assumed *dwau, from Proto-Brythonic *dọw.
methera
From Brythonic numerals. Compare to Welsh mhedwerydd, nasal mutation of pedwerydd.
lethera
From Brythonic numerals, from a mutation of an assumed *sext.
hovera
From Brythonic/Cumbric numerals, from an assumed *(h)oxt. Compare hwyth, the h-mutation of the Welsh form.
dovera
From Cumbric numerals, from an assumed Proto-Brythonic *naw (“nine”). For the initial consonant compare Lithuanian devyni and Proto-Slavic *devętь (“nine”).
brotherfucker
Compound of brother + fucker, after motherfucker. Calque of Hindustani بِرادَر چود (birādar cod) / बिरादरचोद (birādarcod).
yan-a-dick
From Cumbric *ün gwar ðeg (literally “one over ten”). Compare Welsh un ar ddeg.
tyan-a-dick
From Brythonic numerals. Literally tyan a (“and”) dick.
tethera-a-dick
From Brythonic numerals. Literally tethera a (and) dick.
methera-a-dick
From Brythonic numerals. Literally methera (four) a (and) dick (ten).
bumfit
From Cumbric *pǝmtheg (compare Welsh pymtheg), eventually from Cumbric *pımp (“five”) + *deg (“ten”).
yan-a-bumfit
From Brythonic numerals. Literally yan a (and) bumfit.
tyan-a-bumfit
From Brythonic numerals. Literally tyan a (and) bumfit.
it takes all kinds to make a world
Calque of Spanish de todos ha de haber en el mundo (“There must be of all [types] in the world”), Miguel de Cervantes,
El ingenioso caballero Don Quijote de la Mancha, Capítulo VI, 1615 (Don Quixote, Volume 2, Chapter VI); translated 1620, Shelton, as "In the world there must surely be of all sorts." and appeared in various forms thereafter.
methera-bumfit
From Brythonic, likely Cumbric, numerals. Literally an amalgamation of methera and bumfit.
giggot
From Brythonic numerals, from an assumed Cumbric *gwıgeint, from Proto-Brythonic *ʉgėnt, from Proto-Celtic *wikantī.
silovik
From Russian силови́к (silovík), from си́ла (síla, “force”) + adjective suffix -ов (-ov, “-able/-ible”) + agent suffix -ик (-ik, “-ist, -er”), adjective: силово́й (silovój, “of or related to force”).
morpho-
Representing combining form of Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ, “form”).
demonstrant
From Latin dēmonstrant- (stem of dēmonstrāns).
cencerro
Borrowed from Spanish cencerro, from Basque zinzerri (“animal bell”).
gmina
From Polish gmina, from Middle High German gemeine, gemeinde. Doublet of mean, common, and commune.
dhimmi
From French dhimmi, from Arabic ذِمِّيّ (ḏimmiyy, “a dhimmi”), from ذِمَّة (ḏimma, “protection, custody”).
caxixi
Borrowed from Portuguese caxixi, which is probably borrowed from an African language.
berimbau
Etymology tree
Kimbundu mbirimbaubor.
Brazilian Portuguese berimbaubor.
English berimbau
From Brazilian Portuguese berimbau, ultimately from Kimbundu mbirimbau.
Keats
From a Middle English byname meaning “kite” (bird), from kete, from Old English cȳta (“kite, bittern”), from Proto-Germanic *kūtijô, diminutive of *kūt (“bird of prey”), from Proto-Indo-European *gū- (“to cry, screech”).
nakba
Borrowed from Arabic نَكْبَة (nakba, “disaster, catastrophe”); see further at Nakba.
Borrowed from Arabic نَكْبَة (nakba, “catastrophe, disaster”), from نَكَبَ (nakaba, “to make miserable”).
Al-Nakba
With the Arabic definite article اَل (al-) instead of English the; compare Arabic النَّكْبَة (an-nakba).
Tengmalm's owl
Calque of translingual Strix tengmalmi, a now-obsolete obsolete name for the species, from Swedish Tengmalm (eponymous to Peter Gustaf Tengmalm, Swedish naturalist).
Noe
Borrowed from Latin Nōē, from Ancient Greek Νῶε (Nôe), from Hebrew נֹחַ (Nōaḥ).
doryphore
A modification of doriphore, borrowed from French doryphore (“Colorado beetle”) by Harold Nicolson in 1952, presumably under the influence of the various senses of pest. The French term was a translation of the New Latin genus Doryphora, itself from Ancient Greek δορυφόρος (doruphóros, “lance-bearing; lance-bearer”).
Podunk
From an Eastern Algonquian, likely Loup A, word or words. Similar names were applied to various small and generally unknown places. By the late 19th century the word came to mean an obscure small town, a use possibly popularized by Mark Twain (see quotation). Carlton and Reed survey similar place names and note a transformation from Potaecke to Potunke to Podunk. Carlton suggests a derivation from the adjective petukque ("round"). Tooker compares Ojibwe petobeg (“bog”) (as Chippewa) and Abenaki poteba (“to sink in the mire”) and divides the word into pot- ("to sink") and -unk (locative). Algonquian expert Ives Goddard says "We have no idea what the word means. You'll be able to find guesses in the sources if you look around. Don't believe any of it."
From Podunk, a mythical small town of no importance, from Eastern Algonquian.
Walia
Borrowed from Punjabi ਵਾਲੀਆ (vālīā), a surname of unexplained origin.
Borrowed from Amharic ዋሊያ (waliya).
Constantin
From Latin Cōnstantīnus, the name of Roman emperors, Latin cōnstāns (“constant, steadfast”). Doublet of Konstadinos.
blandiloquent
From Latin blandus (“flattering”) + loquēns (“speaking”).
vadouvan
Borrowed from French vadouvan, from Tamil வடகம் (vaṭakam).
bowery
From bower + -y, calque of Dutch bouwerij.
Unexplained. Perhaps a topographic surname for someone who lived in a small cottage, from Middle English bour (“chamber, cottage”) or, alternatively, an occupational surname for someone who worked there.
From Dutch bouwerij (“farm”).
leeboard
From Middle English lebord, leburd, probably from Old Norse *hléborð, equivalent to lee + board. Cognate with Icelandic hléborð.
clandestinity
From clandestine + -ity, borrowed from Latin clandestinitas (“illegality, clandestiness, underground life”).
medullary
From Classical Latin medullāris. By surface analysis, medulla + -ary.
emprise
Noun is from Middle English emprise, from Old French emprise, emprinse, from Late Latin *imprensa, from Latin in- + prehendere (“to take”). The verb is from emprisen, from the same source.
loke
From Middle English loke, from Old English loca (“a bar, bolt; enclosure, stronghold”), from Proto-Germanic *lukô, *lukǭ (“lock, clasp, shutter, opening”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“to bend, turn”). Cognate with Icelandic loka (“clasp, latch, lock, bolt”). More at lock.
forcemeat
From force + meat, the former element a variant of obsolete farce (“to stuff”) influenced by force, itself from French farcir (“to stuff”).
Juana
From Spanish Juana, from Old Spanish Johanna, from Medieval Latin Johanna, variant of Joanna, from Koine Greek Ἰωάννα (Iōánna), from Hebrew יוֹחָנָה (Yôḥānāh, literally “God is gracious”), the feminized form of יְהוֹחָנָן (Yəhōḥānān) which produced John and its many doublets.
Doublet of Ivana, Jana, Jane, Janice, Janis, Jean, Jeanne, Jen, Joan, Joanna, Joanne, Johanna, Shavonne, Sian, Siobhan, Shane, Shaun, Shauna, and Sheena.
telium
Borrowed from New Latin telium, from Ancient Greek τέλειος (téleios) + Latin -ium, from τέλος (télos).
sorus
From New Latin sōrus, from Ancient Greek σωρός (sōrós, “heap”).
dystonia
Borrowed from New Latin dystonia, from German Dystonie. By surface analysis, dys- + -tonia.
neuropil
Probably an abbreviation of obsolete neuropilema, from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “nerve”) + πίλημα (pílēma, “felt”); or neuro- + Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “hair”).
Gutnish
From Swedish gotländsk (“from Gotland”). Equivalent to Got(land) + -ish.
carmagnole
18th-century, borrowed from French carmagnole, named after Carmagnole, the French name of the northwestern Italian town of Carmagnola.
graticule
Borrowed from French graticule, from Medieval Latin grātīcula, from Latin crāticula (“grating, grill”), from crātis (“hurdle; wickerwork”) (probably from Proto-Indo-European *kréh₂-tis (“fenced handiwork”)) + -cula (feminine form of -culus, a variant of -ulus (“diminutive suffix”)).
hakim
From Hindustani حکیم / हकीम (hakīm), from Classical Persian حکیم (hakīm), from Arabic حَكِيم (ḥakīm, “wise, learned”).
From Classical Persian حاکم (hākim), from Arabic حَاكِم (ḥākim).
Borrowed from Arabic حَكِيم (ḥakīm, “wise”). This surname is mostly found in Indonesia.
supercherie
Borrowed from Middle French supercherie, itself borrowed from Italian soperchieria.
beechen
From Middle English bechen, from Old English bēċen (“made of beechwood, beechen”), Proto-West Germanic *bōkīn, equivalent to beech + -en. Cognate with Dutch beuken (“beechen”).