MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
cater-cousin
Apparently from cater + cousin; further etymology uncertain. The following derivations of the first element cater have been suggested:
* Stephen Skinner (1623–1667) proposed a derivation from French quatre (“four”), used in place of quatrième (“fourth”) to refer to a fourth cousin. Samuel Johnson (1709–1784) agreed, saying that the term alluded to the “ridiculousness of calling cousin or relation to so remote a degree”. The Oxford English Dictionary (“OED”) states that this “seems very unlikely”.
* Instead, the OED suggests that the first element is from cater (“(obsolete) provider of food”, noun) or cater (“to provide with food”, verb), with the term originally referring to people being considered as related because they were catered for or boarded together: compare companion (literally “bread-sharer”), foster father (literally “food-father”), etc.
* Anatoly Liberman (born 1937) doubts both of the above, preferring a derivation from a lost North Germanic word meaning “angled; crooked; clumsy”: compare Danish kejte (“left hand”), kejtet (“awkward, clumsy”), English cater-corner (“of or pertaining to something at a diagonal to another; (Britain dialectal, obsolete) uneven, not square, as mislaid stones or people with a limping gait”), and Swedish kaitu (“left hand”). The OED says an early Scandinavian origin “seems less convincing”.
The modern use of the term was popularized by the English playwright William Shakespeare (1564–1616) in his play The Merchant of Venice (written c. 1596–1598; published 1600): see the quotation.
commorancy
From stem of Latin commorāns, present participle of commorārī (“to remain, delay”), from mora (“a delay”), + -cy.
illui
From Hebrew עִילּוּי (ilúi, “prodigy”).
ambagious
From Latin ambāgiōsus, from ambāgēs (“roundabout path”).
Elohim
From Hebrew אֱלֹהִים/אֱלוֹהִים (ʾélôhím, “god(s), heavenly power”), plural of אֱלוֹהַּ (ʾélôah, “god”), often taken to be an expanded form of אֵל (ʾēl, “god”) (whence El).
homophony
Internationalism, from French homophonie, from Ancient Greek ὁμοφωνία (homophōnía, “unison”), from ὁμόφωνος (homóphōnos, “of the same sound or tone”). By surface analysis, homo- + -phony.
bethel
From Hebrew בֵּית אֵל (beth el, literally “house of God”). See also Bethel on Wikipedia.Wikipedia .
From Hebrew בֵּיתְאֵל (betél, “Bethel”, literally “house of Ēl/God”).
epistasis
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐπίστασις (epístasis, “stopping”), from ἐφίστημι (ephístēmi, “stop”), from ἐφ- (eph-) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “make to stand”). The use in genetics was coined by English biologist William Bateson in 1909 in his book Mendel's Principles of Heredity.
alkalizate
From post-classical Latin alcalizatus, past participle of alcalizo.
animadversive
From classical Latin animadvers-, past participial stem of animadvertere (“animadvert”) + -ive. Compare post-classical Latin animadversīvus.
percipient
From Latin percipiēns, present participle of percipiō (“to perceive”).
animose
From Middle English animos, from Latin animosus (“full of courage, bold, spirited, proud”), from animus (“courage, spirit, mind”); see animus.
appellative
From the Late Latin appellātīvus, from the stem appella- (“to call”), with the adjectival suffix -ive.
appliable
From Middle English appliable, applyable; equivalent to apply + -able.
approbative
From Medieval Latin approbātīvus, from Latin approbō (“assert, accept, confirm”).
astonied
Apparently from astony, astonie, from Old French estonner, from Vulgar Latin *extonare. Compare English astonish, of which this was claimed in olden sources to be the more "correct" (or at least Biblical) version of the word.
Cerberus
From Latin Cerberus, from Ancient Greek Κέρβερος (Kérberos), of unknown origin.
alabandite
From ancient city of Alabanda in modern Turkey, from Ancient Greek Ἀλάβανδα (Alábanda).
ammonite
From French ammonite, from Latin Ammōnis (cornū) (“horn of Ammon”), as it was called by Pliny the Elder in reference to coiling ram horns used to symbolise the Egyptian god Amun. Equivalent to Ammon + -ite.
shemozzle
UK late-19th century. Borrowed from Yiddish שלימזל (shlimazl, “misfortune”), from Middle High German slim (“crooked”) and Hebrew מַזָּל (mazzāl, “luck”). Cognate with US English schlimazel (“unlucky person”). Compare German Schlamassel.
beingness
Calque of German Seiendheit, equivalent to English being + -ness. Occasionally also used to translate German Sein (“being”).
pyknon
From Ancient Greek πυκνόν (puknón), form of Ancient Greek πυκνός (puknós, “dense, compressed”).
homeothermic
By surface analysis, homeo- + -thermic, from the Ancient Greek ὅμοιος (hómoios, “of like kind, similar”) in conjunction with θέρμη (thérmē, “heat”), or, by surface analysis, homeotherm + -ic.
twibill
From Middle English twibill, from Old English twibill, from twi- (“double”) + bill (“edge, blade”), see also billhook.
unicum
From the Latin ūnicum, the neuter nominative singular form of ūnicus (“unique”). Compare Dutch unicum, German Unicum. See unique.
samogon
Borrowed from Russian самого́н (samogón), from само- (samo-, “self”) + stem of гнать (gnatʹ, “to distill”).
purga
Etymology tree
Proto-Finnic *purkuder.
Finnicbor.
Russian пурга́ (purgá)bor.
English purga
From Russian пурга́ (purgá), from a Finnic source such as southern Karelian purgu or Veps purg (“snowstorm”).
shapka
From Russian ша́пка (šápka, “hat”). Doublet of chapka.
rishi
From Sanskrit ऋषि (ṛ́ṣi), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *r̥šíš (whence Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬌𐬴 (ərəṣ̌iṣ̌, “seer”)), probably related to अर्षति (árṣati, “to flow, pour”).
From Sanskrit ऋषि (ṛṣi, “rishi, sage”), via New Indo-Aryan languages, such as Punjabi ਰਿਸ਼ੀ (riśī). Compare rishi.
beek
From Middle English beken (“to warm, expose to heat; keep oneself warm; season (wood) with heat”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps a northern variant of Middle English *bechen, from Old English *bēċan (“to foment”), from Proto-West Germanic *bōkijan (“to warm”), from Proto-Germanic *bōkijaną (“to warm”), causative of Proto-Germanic *bakaną (“to bake”). Cognate with Scots beke, beik (“to warm, bask”).
Borrowed from Dutch Beek.
salt of the earth
Calque of Ancient Greek τὸ ἅλας τῆς γῆς (tò hálas tês gês) in the Book of Matthew, chapter 5, verse 13.
arum
From the botanical name Arum, from Latin arum, from Ancient Greek ἄρον (áron).
dewdrop
From Middle English deu drop, dew droppe, dewe droppe, equivalent to dew + drop. Compare Dutch dauwdruppel (“dewdrop”), German Tautropfen (“dewdrop”), Danish dugdråbe (“dewdrop”), Swedish daggdroppe (“dewdrop”), Faroese døggdropi (“dewdrop”).
wiseness
From Middle English wisnesse, from Old English wīsnes (“teaching, wisdom”), equivalent to wise + -ness.
deepness
From Middle English depnesse, from Old English dēopnes (“deepness; depth; an abyss”), from Proto-West Germanic *deupnassī, equivalent to deep + -ness. Cognate with German Low German Deepnis (“deepness, depth”).
greyness
From Middle English graynes, greynes; equivalent to grey + -ness.
Khatri
From Punjabi ਖਤਰੀ (khatrī), Hindi खत्री (khatrī), Nepali खत्री (khatrī).
Raku
From Japanese 楽 (raku, “fun, delightful”).
A seal engraved with this word was marked on the early pieces. It was the title and seal used by 15 generations of potters.
Probably a clipping of rakudo, the standard compiler, from Japanese 駱駝 (rakuda, “camel”), an allusion to the traditional symbol of the Perl language.
Iago
From Welsh, Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician Iago, from Latin Iācōbus (“James”), from Ancient Greek Ἰάκωβος (Iákōbos), from Hebrew יַעֲקֹב (ya‘ăqṓḇ, “Jacob”, literally “he will/shall heel”), from עָקֵב (‘āqḗḇ, “heel”) and the Biblical account of the patriarch Jacob's birth in Genesis 25:26. Doublet of Yago, Jago, James, Jacob, Jacques, and Santiago.
lebkuchen
Borrowed from German Lebkuchen, from Middle High German lebekuoche.
bonne bouche
Coined in English from French bonne bouche (“agreeable taste”, literally “good mouth(ful)”).
Appleton
From Old English æppel and -tun; alternatively, apple + -ton.
The town in Newfoundland is named for sawmill owner Appleton Cleaves.
conceivableness
From Middle English conceyvabilnes, equivalent to conceivable + -ness.
crabbedness
From Middle English crabbednes; equivalent to crabbed + -ness.
cursedness
From Middle English cursednesse, curstnesse, equivalent to cursed + -ness.
Gestapo
Unadapted borrowing from German Gestapo, a contraction of Geheime Staatspolizei (“secret state police”).
reredos
From Middle English reredos, from Anglo-Norman reredos, areredos; equivalent to rere (“rear”) + French dos (“back”).
unlace
From Middle English unlacen, unlasen, equivalent to un- + lace.
seigniory
From Middle English seignurie, from Old French seignurie, from seignor + -ie.
Olympian
From Late Middle English Olympyan, from Latin Olympius (“of or relating to Mount Olympus”) and its etymon Ancient Greek Ὀλῠ́μπῐος (Olŭ́mpĭos, “of or relating to Mount Olympus; living on Mount Olympus; Olympian”) + English -an (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘of or pertaining to’, or forming agent nouns). Ὀλῠ́μπῐος (Olŭ́mpĭos) is derived from Ὄλῠμπος (Ólŭmpos, “Mount Olympus”) (from Pre-Greek) + -ῐος (-ĭos, suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘of or pertaining to’).
From Late Latin Olympianus (“Olympic”) + English -an (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘of or pertaining to’, or forming agent nouns). Olympianus is derived from Latin Olympia (“town in Elis, Greece, where the ancient Olympic Games were held”) + -ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’); and Olympia is from Ancient Greek Ὀλυμπῐ́ᾱ (Olumpĭ́ā, “Olympia”), from Ὀλῠ́μπῐος (Olŭ́mpĭos, “of or pertaining to Mount Olympus; living on Mount Olympus, Olympian; (specifically) Zeus”) or Ὄλῠμπος (Ólŭmpos, “Mount Olympus”) (see further at etymology 1) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā, suffix forming feminine abstract nouns).
As regards noun sense 1 (“inhabitant of the city of Olympia, Washington, United States”), the city was named after the Olympic Mountains which are visible to the northwest, which in turn were named after Mount Olympus in Greece.
smiting
From Middle English smytinge, smitende, smytende, smitand, from Old English smītende, from Proto-Germanic *smītandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *smītaną (“to throw, hurl, bespatter”), equivalent to smite + -ing.
From Middle English smytinge, smytynge, equivalent to smite + -ing.
Notre Dame
From French Notre Dame (literally, “Our Lady”, a title of Mary, mother of Jesus; now hyphenated as Notre-Dame). The university was named by its founder, the French-born Catholic priest Edward Sorin. The place was named after the university.
deathliness
From Middle English dethliknesse, from Old English dēaþlīcnes, equivalent to deathly + -ness.
clastogenesis
From Ancient Greek κλαστός (klastós) + -genesis. See clastogen.
cicerone
1726, from Italian cicerone (surface analysis cicero + -one (augmentative)), from Latin Cicerōnem, form of Cicerō, agnomen of Marcus Tullius Cicero), the Roman orator, from cicer (“chickpea”) from Proto-Indo-European *ḱiker- (“pea”). Possibly humorous reference to loquaciousness of guides.
infliction
Borrowed, perhaps via French, from Latin īnflīctiōnem.
blamable
From Middle English blamable, blameable, equivalent to blame + -able.
the die is cast
Calque of Latin iacta ālea est, which is grammatically, and thereby semantically, an incorrect translation by the Roman historian Suetonius (c. 69 – p. 122 C.E.) in his work Vīta Dīvī Iūlī (On the Life of the Caesars, 121 C.E.) of the Ancient Greek ἀνερρίφθω κύβος (anerrhíphthō kúbos), which was said to have been spoken by Julius Caesar (100 – 44 B.C.E.) when he crossed the Rubicon to irreversibly begin a civil war in the Roman Republic (see cross the Rubicon).
Caesar was quoting from the comedy Ἀρρηφόρῳ (Arrhēphórōi, The Bearer of Ritual Objects) by the dramatist Menander (c. 342 or 341 – c. 290 B.C.E.). The Greek phrase is more accurately translated as “let the die be cast” (meaning “let the game be played” and implying “let us proceed irreversibly”), and refers a game of chance in which the outcome is determined by the throwing of dice or a single die.
liminary
From French liminaire (“introductory”) from Latin līmināris, from līmen (“doorstep, threshold; doorway, entrance; beginning, commencement”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship from nouns). Līmen is possibly derived from līmus (“askew; sideways”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l- (“to bend, bow; elbow”)) + -men (suffix forming neuter nouns of the third declension) (from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥ (suffix forming action nouns or result nouns from verbs)).
best friend
From Middle English best frend, best freond, equivalent to best + friend. Compare West Frisian bêste freon (“best friend”), Dutch beste vriend (“best friend”), German bester Freund (“best friend”).
primal scene
Calque of German Urszene. Coined by Sigmund Freud in 1914.
unpainted
From Middle English unpeinted, on-poyntid, equivalent to un- + painted.
flammeous
From Latin flammeus (“fiery”), derivative of flamma (“a flame”).
Chungyang Shanmo
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 中央山脈 /中央山脉 (Zhōngyāng Shānmò, “Central Mountain Range”), Wade-Giles romanization: Chung¹-yang¹ Shan¹-mo⁴.
heng
From Teochew 興 /兴 (hêng¹, “fortunate”) or Hokkien 幸 (hēng, “fortunate”). Compare Thai เฮง (heng), Khmer ហេង (heeng), Vietnamese hên.
From Wade–Giles and Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 恆 /恒 (Héng).
From romanization of the Teochew pronunciation Hêng⁵ of Chinese 王, Mandarin Wáng.
From romanization of the Hokkien pronunciation Hêng of Chinese 邢, Mandarin Xíng.
keng
Clipping of chao keng, from Teochew 臭 (cao³, “dirty, ill-reputed”) + 經 /经 (gêng¹, “to evade; to pass the buck”).
pau d'arco
From Portuguese pau-d’arco (literally “bow wood”). Compare bois d’arc.
barchan
Unadapted borrowing from Russian барха́н (barxán), from a Turkic language such as Kazakh барқан (barqan); further etymology unknown. The Russian word was first used in scientific literature in 1881 by the Russian zoologist and explorer Alexander von Middendorf (1815–1894).
idiopathy
From Latin idiopathia, from Ancient Greek ἰδιοπάθεια (idiopátheia). By surface analysis, idio- + -pathy. First appears c. 1634, in the publications of Philiatreus (fl. 1630).
otsu
Borrowed from Japanese 乙 (“second”).
Borrowed from Japanese 大津 (Ōtsu).
unadvertised
From Middle English unadvertised, equivalent to un- + advertised.
botcher
From Middle English bocchere, bochchare, equivalent to botch + -er.
unbaptized
From Middle English unbaptized, unbaptist, equivalent to un- + baptized.
brogan
An alteration of brogue. Most dictionaries give the source as Irish *brógán (from bróg (“shoe”) + -án (diminutive suffix)) or its Scottish Gaelic equivalent, but no such word can be confirmed to exist in either language (apart from the given name Brógán, the source of the surname Brogan).
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Brógáin (“descendants of Brógán”), probably from a diminutive of bróg (“shoe”).
jin
From Japanese 神 (jin).
The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 晉 /晋 (Jìn), adopted as the name of a river in Shanxi in antiquity. As a Zhou state, from the renaming of the marchland Tang (唐) by its second marquis Ji Xie when he relocated to the Jin River c. 1000 BC. As a surname, principally from the Zhou state and its region in China. As an empire and dynastic name, from Sima Yan's status as prince of Jin under the preceding Wei Empire. As a river in Fujian, named for the empire, which settled its banks with colonizers from China's Central Plains. As a dialect, from 晉語／晋语 (Jìnyǔ), from the region of the former Zhou state.
From Korean 진(晉) (jin).
From the atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 金 (Jīn, literally “gold, golden”). As a surname, legendarily derived from the descendants of Shaohao who took a golden phoenix as their tribal emblem. As an area and town in Shaanxi, named for the placer deposits of gold on the Yue River. As a Jurchen empire and dynastic name, a Chinese calque of Jurchen name of the Ashi River within modern Harbin, preserved in Chinese transcription as 按出虎 (Ànchūhǔ) (Middle Chinese: ʔan-tsyhwit-xu). As a Manchu empire and dynastic name, an early continuation of the former Jurchen name prior to the 1636 proclamation of the Qing.
From the atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Chinese 錦 /锦 (Jǐn).
From the atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Chinese 靳 (Jìn). As a surname, legendarily derived from Zhurong.
From the revised romanization of Korean 진 (jin). As an ancient kingdom, originally from Chinese 辰 (chén, “5th earthly branch”), possibly used by the ancient state from its association with "east". As the medieval precursor of Balhae, originally Chinese 震, possibly intended as a variant of the original state's name (Middle Chinese: dzyin) or to signify "thunderclap", "shock", "tremor", etc. As a surname, the modern Korean form of originally separate names derived from Chinese 陳 /陈 (chén), 秦 (Qín), 眞 /真 (zhēn), as well as 晉 above.
From Japanese 仁 (“Jin”, literally “benevolence”).
bureaucratize
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥
Proto-Hellenic *pāwər
Ancient Greek πῦρ (pûr)
Proto-Indo-European *-rós
Proto-Hellenic *-rós
Ancient Greek -ρός (-rós)
Ancient Greek πῠρρός (pŭrrhós)bor.
Latin burrus
Latin burra
Old French *bure
Proto-Indo-European *-lós
Proto-Indo-European *-elós
Proto-Italic *-elos
Latin -ulus
Latin -ellus
Old French -el
Old French burel
French bureau
Proto-Indo-European *kret-
Ancient Greek κρᾰ́τος (krắtos)
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂
Proto-Hellenic *-íā
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)
Ancient Greek -κρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (-krătĭ́ā)lbor.
French -cratie
French bureaucratie
French bureaucratebor.
English bureaucrat
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.
Late Latin -izōder.
Middle French -iserbor.
Middle English -isen
English -ize
English bureaucratize
From French bureaucratiser or bureaucrat, bureaucracy + -ize.
chalcanthite
From chalcanthum (“flowers of copper”) + -ite, from Ancient Greek χάλκανθον (khálkanthon).
hypochondriasis
From New Latin; by surface analysis, hypochondr(ium) + -iasis. See also hypochondria, hypochondrium, and Wikipedia at hypochondriasis § Etymology.
mutability
From Middle English mutabilite, from Old French mutabilite, from Latin mutabilitas; equivalent to mutable + -ity.
tribrach
PIE word
 *tréyes
From the Latin tribrachys, from the Ancient Greek τρῐ́βρᾰχῠς (trĭ́brăkhŭs), from τρῐ- (trĭ-, “tri-”) + βρᾰχῠ́ς (brăkhŭ́s, “short”). Compare the French tribraque.
English tri- + Ancient Greek βρᾰχῑ́ων (brăkhī́ōn, “arm”)
Ivo
Latinate form of a medieval name of Old French origin, from Proto-Germanic *īhwaz (“yew, bow”). Name of French and English saints. Cognate with modern French Yves.
educable
From New Latin educabilis, from Latin ēducō (“to educate”) + -ābilis; see educate.
sook
English from the 14th century, Scottish from the 19th century. From Old English sūcan (“to suck”). See suck.
From Arabic سُوق (sūq, “market”). From 1926. See souq.
unready
From Middle English unredy, equivalent to un- + ready. Compare Dutch ongereed and onbereid, German unbereit, Swedish oberedd.
unrecoverable
From Middle English unrecoverable, un recoverabyll, un recoverabylle, unrecuverable, equivalent to un- + recoverable. Attested earlier than recoverable.
turbary
Inherited from Middle English turbarie (“place where peat is dug, peat bog; substance obtained from such a place, peat”), from Anglo-Norman turbarie, turberie, and Old French torberie, tourbarie, turbarie, from Medieval Latin turbāria, from turba (“turf”) (whence Old French tourbe) + Latin -āria (suffix forming abstract nouns). Turba is derived from Proto-West Germanic *turb (“peat; turf”); from Proto-Germanic *turbz (“peat; turf”), from Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“grass; tuft”). Doublet of turf.
unrighteous
From Middle English unrightwis, from Old English unrihtwīs; equivalent to un- + righteous.
sememe
Ultimately from Ancient Greek σημαίνω (sēmaínō, “I signify, I mean”) + -eme. Compare morpheme.
sleepful
From Middle English slepeful, slepful, equivalent to sleep + -ful.
renitent
From Latin renītēns, present participle of renītor (“resist, struggle”).
bocconcini
Borrowed from Italian bocconcini, plural of diminutive of boccone (“mouthful”).
panpsychism
From pan- + psychism, a calque of German Panpsychismus (1874), from New Latin pampsychia coined by Francisco Patrizi in his 1591 Nova de Universis Philosophia, from Ancient Greek πᾰν- (păn-, “all”) + ψυχή (psukhḗ, “mind, life force, soul”) + -ία (-ía, “-ia: forming abstract nouns”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πάμψυχος (pámpsukhos, “in full life”) and Modern Greek παμψυχισμός (pampsychismós, “panpsychism”).
hylogeny
From Ancient Greek ὕλη (húlē, “matter”) + -geny from γένεσις (génesis, “birth”).
phiran
From Kashmiri پھؠرَن (phyaran), from Sanskrit परिधान (paridhā́na, “wrap, clothing”).
kangri
Borrowed from Kashmiri کانٛگٕر (kāngụr).
charas
Borrowed from Hindustani चरस / چرس (caras).
panchayat
Borrowed from Hindi पंचायत (pañcāyat, “panchayat (originally a council of five)”).
emancipator
From Late Latin ēmancipātor, from Latin ēmancipō (“to emancipate”). By surface analysis, emancipate + -or.
emulative
First attested in 1593; borrowed from New Latin emulatīvus, by surface analysis, emulate + -ive.
babouche
From French babouche, from Arabic بَابُوش (bābūš), from Persian پاپوش (pâpuš, “slipper”).
juvenescent
From Latin juvenescens, present participle of juvenesco; by surface analysis, juven(ile) + -escent.
pestiferous
Mid 15th century, in sense “mischievous, pernicious”, from Latin pestiferus (“bearing plague”), from pestifer, from pestis (“plague”) + ferre (“carry”) (see infer).
By surface analysis, pest + -i- (“bearing, carrying”) + -ferous.
amaurosis
Borrowed from New Latin amaurōsis, from Ancient Greek ἀμαύρωσις (amaúrōsis, “dimming, obscuring, amaurosis”), from ᾰ̓μαυρόω (ămauróō, “to grow dim”), from ἀμαυρός (amaurós, “dim”).
bandoneon
From Spanish bandoneón, from German Bandoneon, named after Heinrich Band.
borshch
From Russian борщ (boršč) and Ukrainian борщ (boršč).
agamogenesis
From a- + Ancient Greek γάμος (gámos, “marriage”) + -genesis.
Mudathir
From Arabic مُدَّثِّر (muddaṯṯir).
rhetor
From Middle English rethor, from Old French retor and Latin rhētor, rētor, rēthor (“teacher of rhetoric, rhetorician”), from Ancient Greek ῥήτωρ (rhḗtōr).
mischievously
From Middle English mischevously, myschevously, equivalent to mischievous + -ly.
Tasbeha
From Arabic تَسْبِيحَة (tasbīḥa).
candiru
Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese candiru, from Nheengatu kandirú.
coetaneous
Learned borrowing from Late Latin coaetaneus (“one of the same age”).
commissionaire
Borrowed from French commissionaire, from Latin commissio. Doublet of commissioner.
dolman
Apparently from French doliman, dolman (sense 2), ultimately from Ottoman Turkish طولامان, دولامان (dolaman, “robe”), from طولامق (dolamak, “to wrap around”). Compare German Doliman, Dollman; Hungarian dolmány.
groschen
From German Groschen, from Middle High German grosse, from Medieval Latin (denarius) grossus (“thick (penny)”).
Keelin
Borrowed from Irish Caoilfhionn, from caol (“thin, slender”) + fionn (“light, fair”).
dasyure
From Ancient Greek δασύς (dasús, “hairy”) + οὐρά (ourá, “tail”). By surface analysis, dasy- + -ure (“tail”).
Harki
Borrowed from French Harki, from Algerian Arabic حركي (ḥarkī), from حركة (ḥarka, “military operation”) (standard Arabic حركة (ḥaraka, “movement”)).
hodja
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish خواجه (modern Turkish hoca), from Classical Persian خْوَاجَه (xwāja), ultimately from Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya). Doublet of howadji, Khoja, Hoxha, and Osho.
ithyphallic
Borrowed from Late Latin ithyphallicus, from Ancient Greek ἰθυφαλλικός (ithuphallikós), from ῑ̓θῠ́φαλλος (īthŭ́phallos, “phallus carried in festivals of Bacchus; ode sung in honour of the phallus; dance accompanying such an ode; dancer performing such a dance”) + -ῐκός (-ĭkós, suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘of or pertaining to’). ῑ̓θῠ́φαλλος is derived from ἰθῠ́ς (ithŭ́s) (variant of εὐθῠ́ς (euthŭ́s, “straight”)) + φαλλός (phallós, “penis; image of a penis, phallus”). The English word can be analysed as ithyphallus + -ic.
As regards the noun, compare Latin ithyphallicum (“poem with the same metre as the hymns to Priapus”).