MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
odour of sanctity
A calque of French odeur de sainteté (“sweet smell said to be emitted by bodies of saints at or after death”), from Late Latin odor sānctitātis (literally “odour of sanctity”) (compare odor suāvitātis (literally “sweet odour”)), from odor (“(sweet) smell, odour”) + sānctitātis (genitive singular of sānctitās (“sacredness, sanctity; holiness, virtue”)).
lirula
From Latin lirula, from lira (“ridge of soil between furrows”) + -ulus (“diminutive suffix”).
Tancheng
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 郯城.
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 潭城 (Tánchéng).
Tasher
From Tash + -er.
From Yiddish טאַהש (tosh), from Hebrew טאהש.
Piekary
Borrowed from Polish Piekary; derived from either pieczara (“grotto”) or piekarz (“baker”).
Bobcaygeon
From French Bobcaygeon, from Ojibwe [Term?].
Kawartha Lakes
From Ojibwe Ka-wa-tha, from Ka-wa-tae-gum-maug (“Land of Reflections”).
Kawartha
From Ojibwe Ka-wa-tha, from Gaa-waategamaag (“Land of Reflections”).
Coined in 1895, by Martha Whetung, a member of the Curve Lake First Nations.
Llandarcy
From Welsh llan + D'Arcy; named after William Knox D'Arcy.
hyraceum
From New Latin hyraceum, from hyrax (stem form hyrac-) + -eus.
rock badger
From rock + badger.
From Afrikaans dassie,
from Dutch das (“badger”).
Radonitsa
From Russian Ра́доница (Rádonica), literally "Day of Rejoicing". See also Russian рад (rad, “joyful”).
Porth
From Cornish and Welsh porth (“gateway”).
Borrowed from German Porth, variant of Port.
libellary
From Latin libellus (“petition”) + Latin adjective suffixes -aris and -arius.
Makedon
Borrowed from Macedonian Ма́кедон (Mákedon).
Abercynon
From Welsh aber + Cynon; situated at the bottom of the Cynon Valley at the confluence of the River Cynon and River Taff.
Tynemouth
Inherited from Middle English Tynemouth, Tynemouthe, from Old English Tīnanmūþe (literally “at the Tyne's mouth”); equivalent to the River Tyne + mouth.
Dasht-e Kavir
From Persian دشت کویر (dašt-e kavir).
Nezerbagh
Borrowed from Uyghur نەزەرباغ (nezerbagh).
Shamalbagh
Borrowed from Uyghur شامالباغ (shamalbagh).
Qoghan
Borrowed from Uyghur قوغان (qoghan).
hogling
From Middle English *hogling, hoggelin, hoglin, hogelyn, equivalent to hog + -ling.
Doletbagh
From Uyghur دۆلەتباغ (döletbagh).
Peyziwat
From Uyghur پەيزاۋات (peyzawat).
Craiglockhart
First recorded as Latin "Crag quam Stephanus Loccard miles tenuit" (Crag of Stepahnus Loccard). From crag + Loccard.
arteria innominata
From Latin artēria (“artery”) and innōmināta (“unnamed”).
zhanmadao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 斬馬刀 /斩马刀 (zhǎnmǎdāo).
transmiss
From Latin trānsmissus, past participle of Latin trānsmittere.
Sladen
Habitational surname from a minor place in Rochdale, Lancashire, perhaps from Old English slæf (“mud”) + denu (“valley”).
Starmer
A habitational surname derived from Stermore, a settlement, no longer extant, near Stowe-by-Chartley (Stafford, Staffordshire, England). The first element of the toponym is obscure, but the second element derives from the Old English mōr (“moor, mountain”).
Kenpeitai
Borrowed from Japanese 憲兵隊 (Kenpeitai).
Reff
Borrowed from German Reff (“wooden frame”), a metonymic occupational surname for a carrier or peddler.
Ashbourne
From Old English æsċ (“ash-tree”) + burna (“stream”).
Book of Life
From Middle English bok of lyfe, boke of lyfe. Compare Old English līflīċ bōc (“Book of Life”).
Mnuchin
From Russian Менухин (Menuxin) and its various forms.
* (patronymic): From Russian Менахем (Menaxem, “Menachem”) + -ин (-in, “possessive”), from Hebrew מְנַחֵם (Menahem, “a Jewish male given name”)
* (matronymic): From Russian Менуха (Menuxa, “Menucha”) + -ин (-in, “possessive”), from Hebrew מנוחה (Menuha, “a Jewish female given name”)
Redgrave
From Old English hrēod (“reed”) + græf (“grave; trench, ditch”).
mittelschmerz
From German Mittelschmerz, from mittel (“middle”) + Schmerz (“pain”), because it occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle.
Etlatongo
Borrowed from Spanish Etlatongo, from a Nahuan language (equivalent to Classical Nahuatl *Etlāntōnco (literally “little place of beans”)), a partial calque from a Mixtec language (cf. Teposcolula Mixtec Yucunduchi (literally “mountain of beans”)). The diminutive suffix -tōnco was added to distinguish it from Etlān (“Etla”, another town about 55 km away).
Aykol
From Uyghur ئايكۆل (ayköl).
Tehuantepec
Borrowed from Spanish Tehuantepec, from a Nahuan language (equivalent to Classical Nahuatl Tēcuāntepēc (literally “mountain of wild cats (jaguars, ocelots, etc.)”)), calqued from any of multiple local languages whose names for this city have similar meanings.
Kidner
Apparently from Middle English kidenere (“kidney”), but the sense is obscure.
Canso
From French Canseau, from Mi'kmaq gamso'q (literally “the place beyond the cliffs”), a seasonal Mikmaq fishing camp at what is now Canso, NS, Canada.
Tokkuzak
From Uyghur توققۇزاق (toqquzaq).
distrix
From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “apart”) + θρίξ (thríx, “hair”).
diabrosis
From Ancient Greek διάβρωσις (diábrōsis), from βιβρώσκω (bibrṓskō, “to eat”).
diaphemetric
From Ancient Greek διά (diá, “through”) + ἁφή (haphḗ, “sense of touch”) + -metric.
diachoresis
From Ancient Greek διαχώρησις (diakhṓrēsis, “a passing through”), from χωρέω (khōréō).
macrocormic
From macro- + Ancient Greek κορμός (kormós, “trunk (of a tree)”) + -ic.
Ashwick
From Old English æsc (“ashtree”) + wīc (“farm dwelling”).
Carcoforo
First attested 1383 as Italian Alpe Carchoffeni, founded by Walser settlers.
Pamber
From Old English penn (“fold, enclosure”) + beorg (“mountain, hill”).
Formazza
From Italian Formazza, Piedmontese Formassa, and Alemannic German (Walser German) Pomatt, of Germanic origin.
kadarka
From Hungarian kadarka, from Serbo-Croatian kadarka. Compare Romanian cadarcă.
playstead
From Middle English *playstede, playstude, from Old English plæġstede (“playplace”), equivalent to play + stead.
McBain
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac a' Ghille Bhàin (“son of the pale or white-haired man”).
Cytherea
From Ancient Greek Κυθέρεια (Kuthéreia), via Latin Cytherea.
scolecology
From Ancient Greek σκώληξ (skṓlēx, “worm”) + -logy.
Medonnegonix Lake
From Mi'kmaq [Term?] (“village halfway”), referring to its position between Belle Bay in Fortune Bay and Kaegudeck Lake.
Egginton
From the Old English personal name Ecga + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
stephanokont
From stephano- (“wreath”) + -kont (“flagellate”) from Ancient Greek στέφανος (stéphanos, “wreath”) and Ancient Greek κοντός (kontós, “pole”) respectively.
Shaptul
From Uyghur شاپتۇل (shaptul).
substantify
From Medieval Latin substantificō, from Classical Latin substantia (“substance”) + -ficō.
urfa biber
From Turkish Urfa biber, from Urfa + biber (“pepper”).
vinetree
From Middle English vyne-tre (modified after vine (“grapevine”)), from Old English wīntrēow, from Proto-Germanic *wīnatrewą, equivalent to vine + tree.
Pharsalia
From Latin Pharsālia (“the region of Pharsalus”), borrowed as a title for Lucan's poem from a line in the work itself: “Pharsālia nostra / vīvet” (“Our Pharsalia / will live”, book 9, lines 985–6). The original Latin title was Dē Bellō Cīvīlī (“On the Civil War”).
Whangpoo
Anglicization of Shanghainese 黃浦 (hhuaan phu).
tremble and obey
Calque from Chinese 凜遵／凛遵 (lǐn zūn), a phrase historically used in Chinese imperial edicts.
sitzprobe
Borrowed from German Sitzprobe (“seated rehearsal”). From sitz + probe.
Zepu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 澤普 /泽普 (Zépǔ).
acroneme
From Ancient Greek ἄκρον (ákron, “end”) and Ancient Greek νῆμα (nêma, “thread”).
kabney
Borrowed from Dzongkha བཀབ་ནེ (bkab ne).
Shivini
From Urartian 𒀭𒅆𒄿𒌑𒄿𒉌 (ᵈši-i-u₂-i-ni /⁠Šiuini⁠/).
Gayatri
Borrowed from Sanskrit गायत्री (gāyatrī).
or not
Calque of Hokkien 抑無 /抑无 (a̍h-bô / á-bô, literally “or not; or no; or none”). See also Hokkien 是毋是 (sī-m̄-sī / sǐ-m̄-sǐ, “whether or not”), 是抑毋是 (sī á-m̄-sī / sǐ á-m̄-sǐ, “isn't?”, literally “is it? or is it not?”), Mandarin 是不是 (shìbùshì, “whether or not”), forming a question, and similar interrogative expressions with 不, 無 /无, 唔 and other dialectal synonyms.
Yilkiqi
From Uyghur يىلقىچى (yilqichi).
Roopa
Borrowed from Sanskrit रूप (rūpa, “any outward appearance or phenomenon or colour, form, shape, figure”).
tio bo
Borrowed from Hokkien 著無 /著无 (tio̍h bô, “right?”, literally “correct no?”).
stalworthly
From Middle English stalworthli, stalwartli, stealewurðliche. By surface analysis, stalworth + -ly.
Daggial
Borrowed from Arabic دَجَّال (dajjāl).
mesale
From Middle English mesel (“leprous, leper”), from Norman mesel (“leprous, leper”), from Old French mesel (“leprous, leper”), from Late Latin misellus (“leper”), from miser (“wretched, wretch”) + -ellus (“-elle”). Doublet of measles.
McCrum
Anglicized form of Northern Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Cruim (“son of the cripple”), from crom (“bent, twisted”).
nightmarcher
From night + marcher. Calque of Hawaiian huakaʻi pō.
kushtaka
From Tlingit kóoshdaakaa (“land-otter man”).
Alemannish
From Middle English Alemainisce, Alemanisse, Almainnisce, from Alemaine, Alemeyne, Almaigne, Almayne, Almeyn, Almeyne + -yssh.
cossist
From Italian cossista, from the word cosa (“thing”), in reference to an unknown quantity to be determined + -ista. See rule of coss.
chirocracy
From chiro- (“strong hand”) + -cracy, from Ancient Greek.
amalgavirus
Borrowed from taxonomic name Amalgavirus, from Medieval Latin amalgama (“amalgam”) + translingual -virus (“virus”).
Srinivas
Borrowed from Sanskrit श्रीनिवास (śrīnivāsa, “abode of Shri”) from श्री (śrī) + निवास (nivāsa).
Newlyn
Anglicized form of Cornish Lulynn, a toponym composed of the elements lu (“fleet”) + lynn (“pool”), from Old Cornish *lin, from Proto-Brythonic *llɨnn, from Proto-Celtic *lindom.
Swartruggens
Previously spelt Zwartruggens, from Dutch meaning "black ridges".
Touws River
Touws is from a Khoekhoe (Khoi) word for ash.
Paskenta
From Nomlaki paskenti ("under the hill" or "under the bank").
Nagarjuna
From Sanskrit नागार्जुन (nāgārjuna).
Savitri
Borrowed from Sanskrit सावित्री (sāvitrī).
Rio Dell
Coined in 1870 by Lorenzo Painter, owner of the eponymous Rio Dell Hotel, as a combination of Spanish río (“river”) and English dell (“a small wooded valley”).
Maierform
From German Maier + Form, after Austrian engineer Fritz F. Maier.
Antrobus
Apparently from either:
* "within the woods", from the Norman French Entre-bois. (Eliding the last consonant verbally is only a latter-day variation in French originating in Paris.)
* the Old Norse personal name Eindriði + buski (“bush, thicket”).
Odyssea
From Greek Οδυσσέα (Odysséa), feminine of Οδυσσέας (Odysséas).
Sanyi
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 三義 (Sānyì).
laugh die me
Calque of Cantonese 笑死我 (siu3 sei2 ngo5, “very funny”, literally “making me laugh to death”).
Thota
Borrowed from Telugu తోట (tōṭa, “garden”).
Kasu
Borrowed from Telugu కాసు (kāsu, “a coin”).
tangzhuang
From Mandarin 唐裝／唐装 (tángzhuāng).
Hiouchi
From Tolowa Xaa-yuu-chit (“high-status stream”).
stocious
Uncertain. The ending -ious appears to be a mock-Latinate jocular formation. Suggestions for the initial sto- or stot- include:
* Arbitrary
* From an unidentified Irish word
** David Crystal doubtfully suggests Irish stuagach "pitcher" or Irish stab "stoup".
* Jonathon Green suggests Scots stot "totter"
* Tony Thorne suggests "a dialect word meaning waterlogged or muddy" (?stodge)
Green distinguishes this word from stocious, Caribbean slang for "stylish; good-looking; arrogant", a corruption of ostentatious.
nimps
Origin uncertain. Probably from the plural of nimp (“a small piece, fragment, bit”), perhaps in a phrase those are nimps "those are small bits", hence "that's easy". If so then cognate with Scots nimp (“a very small piece”); both from or akin to Middle English nimpen (“to chew, gnaw, take a bite, nibble”), likely a blend of nim + nip. Compare also related English nimble (“agile, quick”).
Zeerust
A shortening of Coetzee('s) Rust, Coetzee being a surname. Rust is probably from Dutch rust (“rest”).
puttun
Borrowed from Hindi पलटन (palṭan, “regiment”), itself from English platoon.
Tacloban
From Spanish Tacloban, from Waray-Waray Tarakluban (“place of the taklub”).
piel de sapo
From Spanish piel de sapo, which literally translates into English as "toad's skin" and comes from the characteristic green-olive striped pattern of its peel.
Phani
From Sanskrit फणिन् (phaṇin, ‘hooded’, a serpent).
Sasikala
From Sanskrit शशिकला (śaśikalā, “a digit or sickle of the moon”); ultimately शशि (śaśi) + कला (kalā).
Chinoy
Borrowed from Tagalog Tsinoy, modeled after a blend of Spanish chino (“Chinese”) + Tagalog Pinoy (“Filipino”). See also Indonesian chindo.
westwork
Calque of German Westwerk, from German West (“west”) + Werk (“work”); equivalent to English west + -work.
Hongkew
From Shanghainese 虹口 (3hhon kheu).
Dunsmuir
From Old English personal name *Dynn, genitive case *Dynnes + Scots muir (“moor”).
Alternatively from either:
# Scottish Gaelic dùn (“fort, fortress”) + muir (“sea, ocean”), 'the fort by the sea'.
# Old Welsh Din Maur (“great fort”).
The collative s in the proposed Celtic sources could come via Scots on analogy with words such as Dunsmore or Dunston, in which cases the -s is a remnant of a genitive case ending.
The town in California is named after San Francisco businessman Alexander Dunsmuir.
Vaisravana
From Sanskrit वैश्रवण (vaiśravaṇa).
Prayaga
From Sanskrit प्रयाग (prayāga, “place of sacrifice”).
Willimantic
From Eastern Algonquian, likely Mohegan-Pequot or Narragansett, meaning "land of swift-moving waters", referring to the steep drop of the Willimantic River, or "place near the cedar swamp".
Pingala
From Sanskrit पिङ्गल (piṅgala, “reddish-brown, tawny, yellow, gold-coloured”).
Narendra
Borrowed from Sanskrit नरेन्द्र (narendra), from Sanskrit नर (nara, “man”) + इन्द्र (indra, “ruler, chief; Indra”), meaning "ruler of men".
coenocline
From Ancient Greek κοινός (koinós, “common”) plus Ancient Greek κλίνω (klínō, “to lean”).
Sekigahara
Borrowed from Japanese 関(せき)ヶ(が)原(はら) (Sekigahara).
Puerto Princesa
From Spanish Puerto Princesa, from puerto (“port”) + princesa (“princess”).
Newington
From Old English æt þǣm (“at the”) nīwan tūne (“new farm”).
elaiophore
From Ancient Greek έλαιο (élaio, “oil”) + -phore, from New Latin -phorus, from Ancient Greek -φόρος (-phóros, “bearing”), a derivative of φέρω (phérō, “to bear, to carry”).
Tabgach
Learned borrowing from Old Turkic 𐱃𐰉𐰍𐰲 (t¹b¹ǧč /⁠tabɣač⁠/).
Kishore
Borrowed from Sanskrit किशोर (kiśora, “a colt; a youth, lad”).
Damodar
Transliteration of Bengali দামোদর (damōdor), Hindi दामोदर (dāmodar), from Sanskrit दामोदर (dāmodara).
Vidyasagar
Borrowed from Sanskrit विद्यासागर (vidyāsāgara, “ocean of knowledge”), a compound of विद्या (vidyā, “knowledge”) + सागर (sāgara, “ocean”).
onomatodoxy
Borrowed from Russian ономатодо́ксия (onomatodóksija), from Ancient Greek ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”) + δόξα (dóxa, “glory”), meaning “name-glorification”. Compare Russian имясла́вие (imjaslávije).
Barlaam
Unknown. The immediate source is Medieval Latin Barlaam, itself borrowed from Byzantine Greek Βαρλαάμ (Barlaám) in the Byzantine Life of Barlaam and Josaphat (probably 11th c.), itself likely borrowed from Georgian ბალაჰვარ (balahvar). First attested c. 8th century as Arabic بِلَوْهَر (bilawhar), perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit भगवान् (bhagavān, “God”) or from Sanskrit पुरोहित (purohita, “priest”) via an unattested Middle Persian form.
Thabor
From Koine Greek Θαβώρ (Thabṓr), the name of the mountain in Israel in the Septuagint, rendering Biblical Hebrew תָּבוֹר (Tāḇôr), of uncertain origin.
Yengimehelle
From Uyghur يېڭىمەھەللە (yë'ngimehelle).
staturoponderal
Borrowed from French staturopondéral. By surface analysis, stature + -o- + ponderal.
Sunil
From Sanskrit सुनील (sunīla, “very black or blue, dark”); ultimately from सु (su) + नील (nīla).
onomatoclast
From onomato- (back-formation from onomatodoxy) + -clast, by analogy with iconoclast, from Byzantine Greek κλάω (kláō, “to break”).
South Ronaldsay
From Old Norse Rǫgnvald (“a personal name”) + ey (“island”).
kaleidograph
From Ancient Greek καλός (kalós, “beautiful”) + -graph.
Gangadhar
From Sanskrit गङ्गाधर (gaṅgādhara, “‘Ganges-receiver’, the ocean; ‘Ganges-supporter’, Name of Siva.”); ultimately from गङ्गा (gaṅgā, “the river Ganges”) + धर (dhara).
Mahendra
From Sanskrit महेन्द्र (mahendra, “the great Indra.”); ultimately from महा (mahā) + इन्द्र (indra).
Bere Ferrers
From Old English bǣr or bearu, with manorial affix from the de Ferers family.
Pherecydes
Borrowed from Latin Pherecȳdēs, from Ancient Greek Φερεκῡ́δης (Pherekū́dēs), from Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō, “to carry, to bring”) + κῦδος (kûdos, “renown, glory”) + -ης (-ēs).
Goly
From the Norman surname of Anglo-Norman origin, from Old English and Old French jolif. Also a Polish surname Anglicized from Goły.
Mahavir
From Sanskrit महावीर (mahāvīra, “a great hero”).
alvinolagnia
From Latin alvus (“belly”) + -ine + -o- + -lagnia.
Purushottam
Borrowed from Sanskrit पुरुषोत्तम (puruṣottama, “the best of men”).
Vavilikolanu
From Telugu వావిలికొలను (vāvilikolanu); ultimately from వావిలి (vāvili) + కొలను (kolanu).
Ambemohar
from Marathi अंबेमोहोर (ambemohor)
I-lan
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 宜蘭 (I²-lan²).
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 依蘭 (I¹-lan²).
proverse
From Latin prōversus (“turned forwards”), perfect passive participle of prōvertō (“to turn forwards”), from prō- (“before, in front of”) + vertō (“to turn”). By surface analysis, pro- + -verse. Doublet of prose.
Thorley
From Old English þorn (“thornbush”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”). Equivalent to thorn + -ley (“lea”).
Siccawei
A romanization of the Shanghainese pronunciation of Chinese 徐家匯 /徐家汇 (xxi-ka-hhue).
leechbook
From Middle English leche (“doctor, physician”), from Old English lǣċe (“medical doctor”) + boc (“book”).
chionophobe
From Ancient Greek χιών (khiṓn, “snow”) + -phobe.
Padmavati
From Sanskrit पद्मावती (padmāvatī).
furcocercous
From Medieval Latin furcātus (“forked, branched”), from Latin furca (“fork”) + -cercous.
Krcmar
From Czech krčmář, Slovak krčmár, Serbo-Croatian krčmar or Slovene krčmar. Doublet of Kretschmer.
gonyleptoid
From New Latin Gonyleptoidea (the superfamily name) or Gonyleptidae (the family name) + -oid. The element gony- (“joint”), is derived from Ancient Greek γόνυ (gónu, “joint, knee”).
Smid
Borrowed from Dutch Smid or Czech Šmíd. Doublet of Schmidt and Smith.
Birkthwaite
From Old Norse bjǫrk (“birch”) + þveit (“clearing”).
Shortall
Re-Anglicized form of Irish Soirtéil, a Gaelicized form of an obsolete English surname.
Swineshead
Inherited from Middle English Swynesheved, Swynesheed, from Old English *Swīneshēafod, from swīnes (“pig's”) + hēafod (“head”); compare Old Italian Suinsivede.
The euphemistic forms Swanshead and Swayneshead were known in Early Modern English.
amphibolia
From Ancient Greek ἀμφιβολία (amphibolía, “ambiguity”), from ἀμφίβολος (amphíbolos, “ambiguous, doubtful”).
McNair
Various origins:
* Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Iain Uidhir (“son of sallow John”), from the personal name Iain (“John”) and odhar (“dun; sallow”).
* Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac an Oighre (“son of the heir”), from oighre (“heir, inheritor”).
* Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac an Mhaoir (“son of the officer”), from maor (“officer”).
Portus Julius
From Latin Portus Iulius (Port Julian).
From Iulius (“Gaius Julius Caesar (Gaius Iulius Caesar)”) + portus.
From the gens Iulia (Julii clan).
Padmini
Borrowed from Sanskrit पद्मिनी (padminī, “a lotus, a multitude of lotuses or a lotus-pond”).
Kingdom of Morocco
Calque of Arabic الْمَمْلَكَة الْمَغْرِبِيَّة (al-mamlaka l-maḡribiyya).
bossale
From French bossale, from Spanish bozal (“wild, untamed, raw; born in Africa and recently enslaved in a colony”). Doublet of bozal and bosal.
Hever
For the place in England: 'The settlement at the high ridge', from Old English Heanyfre, from hēah (“high”), in the oblique case hēan + *ȳfre (“ridge”), or perhaps the Kentish dialectal variant *ēfre (see ōfer for more). In reference to the site being located atop a hill overlooking the valley of the river Eden. Akin to Highover.
Glyndwr
From Welsh Glyndŵr, from glyn (“valley”) + dŵr (“water”).
Vaidyanatha
From Sanskrit वैद्यनाथ (vaidyanātha, “lord of physicians”).
Lokesh
From Sanskrit लोकेश (lokeśa, “lord of the world”).
rhynchodaeum
From rhyncho- + Ancient Greek ὁδαῖος (hodaîos, “on the way”), after proctodeum.
Swinger
Perhaps an Americanized spelling of German Schwinger or Zwinger.
gallise
From German Gall + English -ise (variant of -ize); see gallize.
Lydford
From the River Lyd + ford; Lyd is from Old English hlȳd; recorded as Hlydanforda c.1000, and Lideforda in 1086 (DB).
Yurchi
From Uyghur يۇرچى (yurchi).
murder hornet
Calque of Japanese 殺人スズメバチ (literally “murder hornet”), from 殺人 (satsujin, “さつじん”)+スズメバチ (suzumebachi, “雀蜂”), equivalent to murder + hornet. From its ability to kill people through its painful venomous stings, which can pierce through most regular beekeeper suits, killing some dozens of people a year in Japan; and its propensity for killing off honeybee colonies.
Ammit
From Egyptian ꜥm-mwt (literally “devourer of the dead”).
Laithwaite
From Old Norse hlaða (“barn”) + þveit (“clearing”).
sasaeng
Borrowed from Korean 사생팬 (sasaengpaen), from 사생(私生) (sasaeng, “private life”) + 팬 (paen, “fan”).
cabanossi
Borrowed from German Cabanossi, Kabanossi, from Polish kabanosy, nominative plural of kabanos.
Gargee'an
From Gulf Arabic قرقيعان (gargīʕān).
state of siege
Calque of French état de siège, first codified in a 1791 law of the Constituent Assembly during the French Revolution as an aggravated condition of war justifying the subordination of the civilian government to military authorities. Extended to apply to internal rebellion by a French law of 1797; subsequently broadened again in 1849 to denote any political state of emergency.
Anput
From Egyptian jnpwt as rendered in the outdated 19th-century transcription scheme developed by Karl Richard Lepsius (ȧnput).
state of exception
Calque of German Ausnahmezustand, primarily as used by the German jurist and philosopher Carl Schmitt; popularised in English by the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben in the 1990s–2000s.
megaduke
From Byzantine Greek μέγας δούξ (mégas doúx, literally “great leader”). By surface analysis, mega- + duke.
McSwain
Probably an Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Suibhne, like McSweeney or a Gaelic patronymic based on Old Norse sveinn (“boy, servant”).
El Nido
Borrowed from Spanish El Nido, from el (“the”) + nido (“nest”). The municipality in the Philippines is referring to edible bird's nest historically harvested in the location for the bird's nest soup industry.
re infecta
From Latin rē, ablative singular of rēs (“matter, affair”) + infectā, ablative singular feminine of infectus (“incomplete”).
Lingqijing
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 靈棋經 /灵棋经 (Língqíjīng, literally “Divine Chess Classic”).
Wolston
Mentioned as Ulvricetone in the Domesday Book, the placename derives from the Old English personal name Wulfrīc + -s- + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
McMichael
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Mìcheil (“son of Michael”).
Szekler
From German Szekler (“Szekler, Székely”).
Aqyar
From Crimean Tatar Aqyar.
From Uyghur ئاقيار (aqyar).
Uqturpan
From Uyghur ئۇچتۇرپان (uchturpan).
amalaka
From Sanskrit आमलक (āmalaka, “emblic, Indian gooseberry”).
Great Church
Calque of Koine Greek μεγάλη ἐκκλησία (megálē ekklēsía). In sense of “orthodox Christian church”, cf. Celsus (2nd century) describing mainstream Christian believers, quoted in Origen, Contra Celsum, 5.59: “Σαφῶς γε τῶν ἀπὸ μεγάλης ἐκκλησίας τοῦτο ὁμολογούντων […] ” (“Certainly, the members of the Great Church agree […] ”).
valedict
From Latin valedictus, past participle of valedīcō, from Latin valē (“farewell”) + Latin dīcō (“to speak”).