MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Wea
Clipping of Waiatanwa and other forms, derived from Miami waayaahtanwa, from waayaahtanonki (“place of the whirpool”).
astraphobe
From Ancient Greek ἀστραπή (astrapḗ, “lightning”) + -phobe.
sanjakbey
From Ottoman Turkish سنجاقبك (sancakbeg), from سنجاق (“sanjak, banner”) + بك (“bey, ruler”).
Grande-Ile
From French Grande-Île, Grande Île (literally “grand island, big island”).
Houjie
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 厚街 (Hòujiē).
donde esta la biblioteca
From Spanish dónde (“interrogative form of where”) + está (“be, is, are”) + la (“the”) + biblioteca (“library”) (where is the library); a phrase apparently often taught to beginning Spanish-language learners. The accents are usually omitted in English.
yaara
Borrowed from Pahari-Potwari یارا (yārā), vocative case of یار (yār), from Classical Persian یَار (yār). Doublet of yaar.
niku-nuki
From Japanese 肉抜き (niku-nuki, literally “flesh removal”), introduced to English by Fukuda, Haga, and Tatara in 2007.
Windell
Two main origins:
* A variant of the English surname Windle.
* Borrowed from Swedish Windell.
Barrueta
Borrowed from Spanish Barrueta, a surname of Basque origin. This surname is mostly found in Mexico.
Arenivas
Borrowed from Spanish Arenivas. This surname is mostly found in Mexico.
McChesney
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic and Northern Irish Mac an tSasanaigh (“son of the Englishman”), from Sasanach (“Englishman”).
Chumulangma
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin for 珠穆朗瑪／珠穆朗玛 (Zhūmùlǎngmǎ), Wade-Giles romanization: Chu¹-mu⁴-lang³-ma³.
Riehm
Borrowed from German Riehm, from the noun Riemen (“strip, belt”).
Lo-ho
From Mandarin 漯河 (Luòhé) Wade–Giles romanization: Lo⁴-ho².
Lun-t'ai
From Mandarin 輪臺 /輪台 /轮台 (Lúntái) Wade–Giles romanization: Lun²-tʻai².
Berar
Borrowed from Hindi बिराड़ (birāṛ).
Chuxiong
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 楚雄 (Chǔxióng).
Talaing
Borrowed from Burmese တလိုင်း (ta.luing:).
Meknes
Borrowed from French Meknès, from Arabic مَكْنَاس (maknās), from Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⵎⴽⵏⴰⵙ (amknas).
Meenan
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Mianáin (“descendant of Mianán”), a diminutive form of mian (“desire, wish”).
Shiqi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 石岐 (Shíqí).
McEnroe
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Conchradha (“son of Conchradh”), a personal name composed of the elements cú (“hound”) + crádh (“torment”). See Mac.
Korea Fish
Pun on Han's name in Mandarin 韓國瑜 /韩国瑜 (Hán Guóyú), which is homophonous to 韓國／韩国 (Hánguó, “Korea”) + 魚／鱼 (yú, “fish”).
Vegetable English
Pun on Tsai's name in Mandarin 蔡英文 (Cài Yīngwén), which is homophonous to 菜 (cài, “vegetable”) + 英文 (Yīngwén, “English”).
Nitzel
Borrowed from German Nitzel, a surname of Slavic origin from a pet form of the personal name Nikolaus.
stellarite
From stellar (“starry”) + -ite (“mineral”). From being a form of oil coal (“a type of coal”) which emits sparks like stars (“Latin stella”) when burned.
musteefino
From Spanish mestizo fino or a short form thereof; compare English mustee from Spanish mestizo.
Macarius
From Latin Macarius, from Ancient Greek Μακάριος (Makários).
gyani
Borrowed from Hindi ज्ञानी (jñānī), from Sanskrit ज्ञानी (jñānī). Distantly related to know.
Filley
From Middle English filli (“filly, young female horse”), perhaps a nickname for a temperamental or skittish person.
Compo
Possibly an Americanized form of either Italian Campo or French Campeau.
Camposano
Borrowed from either Spanish Camposano or Italian Camposano. This surname is mostly found in the Philippines.
umbramancy
From Latin umbra (“shadow”) + -mancy (“divination of”), from Latin -mantia, ultimately from Ancient Greek μᾰντείᾱ (mănteíā, “divination”).
photomancy
From photo (“light”) + -mancy (“divination of”), from Latin -mantia, ultimately from Ancient Greek μᾰντείᾱ (mănteíā, “divination”).
Goomba
Likely derived either from goombah (“friend”), in turn from Neapolitan cumpà, or from Hungarian gomba (“mushroom, fungus”). . For the voicing of stops compare gabagool.
malaun
From Bengali মালাউন (malaun, “cursed”), which is from Arabic مَلْعُون (malʕūn), ultimately from the root ل ع ن (l ʕ n).
Dalziel
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic dail (“field”) + geal (“white, bright”).
Culliton
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Codlatáin (“descendant of Codlatán”), a nickname derived from codlatán (“sleeper, sleepy-head”).
lunodrome
From Russian лунодром (lunodrom), with the second element assimilated to -drome; compare cosmodrome.
moondrome
From moon + -drome, likely a calque of Russian лунодром (lunodrom).
Nikole
Borrowed from the French Nicole, from Ancient Greek Νικόλαος (Nikólaos), from νίκη (níkē, “victory”) + λαός (laós, “people”).
Nambiar
Borrowed from Malayalam നമ്പ്യാർ (nampyāṟ). This surname is mostly found in Kerala.
McKelvin
Unclear, perhaps a Scottish Gaelic variant of McIlveen.
koinai
From Ancient Greek κοιναί (koinaí), plural of κοινή (koinḗ).
Gerlachus
Learned borrowing from Latin Gerlachus, from Proto-Germanic. Literally, “spear thrower”.
Pataky
Borrowed from Hungarian Pataky, from the noun patak (“creek”). Compare Patak.
Skehan
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Sceacháin (“descendant of Sceachán”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of sceach (“briar, thornbush”).
Sheu
From Mandarin 許 /许 (Sheu) in Gwoyeu Romatzyh romanization.
Albelo
Borrowed from Galician Albelo. This surname is mostly found in Argentina.
McGuffey
It could be a variant of the surname McDuffie. Alternatively, it may be an Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Dhabhoig (“son of Davuc”), a diminutive of the personal name David.
gneeve
Borrowed from Irish gníomh, from Old Irish gním, from Proto-Celtic *gnīmus, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-.
caouk
Borrowed from French caouk, from Ottoman Turkish قاوق (kavuk); compare Turkish kavuk.
Bozhou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 亳州 (Bózhōu).
Beardall
English habitational surname typical of Nottinghamshire. Perhaps from a place in Derbyshire named with Old English breord (“rim, brim”) + heall (“hall, residence”).
Panjshir Valley
Calque of Dari درهٔ پنجشير (dare-ye panjšêr, literally “valley of the five lions”).
Panjshir
Borrowed from Iranian Persian پنجشیر (panjšir), from Classical Persian پنجشیر (panjšēr, literally “five lions”).
Winokur
Jewish surname derived from a Germanized form of Russian виноку́р (vinokúr, “distiller”).
McGuckin
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Eocháin (“son of Eochán”), a diminutive of the personal name Eochaid.
Lin-ying
From Mandarin 臨潁 /临颍, Wade–Giles romanization: Lin²-ying³.
Lin-t'ung
From Mandarin 臨潼 /临潼, Wade–Giles romanization: Lin²-tʻung².
Ling-pao
From Mandarin 靈寶 /灵宝 (Língbǎo) Wade–Giles romanization: Ling²-pao³.
achluophobic
From Ancient Greek ἀχλύς (akhlús, “mist”) and -phobic.
Liao-yang
From Mandarin 遼陽 /辽阳 (Liáoyáng) Wade–Giles romanization: Liao²-yang².
Longnan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 龍南 /龙南 (Lóngnán).
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 隴南 /陇南 (Lǒngnán).
Puerto Vallarta
From Spanish Puerto Vallarta (literally “Port Vallarta”). Named after Ignacio Vallarta, governor of Jalisco.
Nuevo Vallarta
From Spanish Nuevo Vallarta (literally “New Vallarta”).
Boshiamy
From Hokkien 無啥物／无啥物 (bô siáⁿ-mih, “it's nothing; not a big deal”). Cognate with Mandarin 嘸蝦米／呒虾米 (Wúxiāmǐ).
Rubert
From the German and Catalan surname, from Rubert, a variant of the name Robert.
Sanghera
Borrowed from Punjabi ਸੰਘੇੜਾ (saṅgheṛā).
McCready
Anglicized form of Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Riada (“son of Riada”), a byname meaning "expert", "trained".
rashtravadi
Borrowed from Hindi राष्ट्रवादी (rāṣṭravādī).
Yanqing
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 延慶 /延庆 (Yánqìng).
Huairou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 懷柔 /怀柔 (Huáiróu).
Miyun
From Mandarin 密雲 /密云 (Mìyún).
Pinggu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 平谷 (Pínggǔ).
Shunyi
From Mandarin 順義 /顺义 (Shùnyì).
Changping
From Mandarin 昌平 (Chāngpíng).
Haidian
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 海淀 (Hǎidiàn).
Dongcheng
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東城 /东城 (Dōngchéng).
Shijingshan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 石景山 (Shíjǐngshān).
Mentougou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 門頭溝 /门头沟 (Méntóugōu).
Daxing
The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 大興 /大兴 (Dàxīng, “Greatly Prosperous”).
ogok-bap
From Korean 오곡(五穀)밥 (ogokbap, “Five Grains rice”).
Lytham
From Old English hleoþum, dative plural of hliþ (“slope”).
Sieh
Various origins:
* Borrowed from German Sieh.
* A variant spelling of Xie.
* Borrowed from Hindi सिेह (sieh).
Milman
Variant of Millman. Sometimes a Jewish variant, calqued from Yiddish מיל (mil) (compare German Mühle) + מאַן (man).
Mowell
From Middle English moul, older form of mule (“mule”), a nickname for a stubborn person.
Karakorum
From Classical Mongolian ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠣᠷᠣᠮ (qaraqorom).
Sijiangou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 泗澗溝／泗涧沟 (Sìjiàngōu).
azadi
Borrowed from Hindustani آزادی (āzādī) / आज़ादी (āzādī), from Classical Persian آزادی (āzādī).
drungar
Borrowed from Ancient Greek δρουγγάριος (droungários), from Late Latin drungārius, from drungus (“a troop”).
Alaskan Klee Kai
From Alaskan + Athabaskan words meaning “little dog”.
Tamaskan Dog
From Munsee tamaska (“mighty wolf”) (+ English -n), from teme, tama (“wolf”) + maska (“big, strong, or mighty”); + English dog.
Sijian'gou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 泗澗溝 /泗涧沟 (Sìjiàngōu) incorrectly as Sìjiàn'gōu.
postcibal
Borrowed from Late Latin postcibal, By surface analysis, post- + Latin cibus (“food”) + -al.
Ngawa
From Tibetan རྔ་བ་་ (rnga ba).
Bramall
Variant of Bramhall, itself Old English brōm (“broom”) + healh (“corner, angle, nook”).
Linne
Various origins:
* Borrowed from German Linne, a variant of Linde (“lime tree”).
* Borrowed from Swedish Linné; compare Linnaeus.
* Borrowed from French Linné.
Lovgren
Borrowed from Swedish Lövgren, a variant of Löfgren.
Isch
Borrowed from Alemannic German Isch, shortened from names containing the noun Iise (“iron”) (from Middle High German isern).
Twells
Contraction of Old English æt (“at, by, near”) + wielle (“well, spring”), a toponymic surname for a person who lived by a spring or stream. The final -s derives from the genitive form.
Inglett
From the Middle English personal name Ingelot, a hypocoristic form of any of various names such as Ingelbald, Ingelbert, or Ingelard.
Gallogly
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Mac an Ghallóglaigh (“son of the gallowglass”), from gallóglach (“gallowglass, Gaelic mercenary warrior”).
Demetriou
Borrowed from Greek Δημητρίου (Dimitríou).
Burby
English habitational surname from a lost or unidentified place, probably from Old Norse in view of the suffix -by.
McBroom
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac an Bhreitheamhan (“son of the judge”), from breitheamh (“judge”).
Malaspina
From Italian Malaspina and/or Latin Malaspīna.
Echenique
Borrowed from Spanish Echenique, Castilianized form of Basque Etxenike.
Eschete
Variant of French Eschette, a habitational surname from a place in Luxembourg.
Guichard
Borrowed from French Guichard. Doublet of Old English Wigheard (viz.)
Halabi
Borrowed from Arabic حَلَبِي (ḥalabī, “Haleppine”). This surname is mostly found in Saudi Arabia.
Hsishuangpanna
From Mandarin 西雙版納／西双版纳 (Xīshuāngbǎnnà) Wade–Giles romanization: Hsi¹-shuang¹-pan³-na⁴.
Ching-pien
From Mandarin 靖邊 /靖边 (Jìngbiān) Wade–Giles romanization: Ching⁴-pien¹.
Ji'nan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 濟南 /济南 (Jǐnán) incorrectly as Jǐ'nán.
Lambing
Probably a North German and Dutch patronymic surname from a short form of Lambert.
Kristof
Borrowed from either Hungarian Kristóf or Czech, Slovak and Slovene Krištof.
Nivar
Borrowed from Spanish Nívar. This surname is mostly found in the Dominican Republic.
Obara
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Polish Obara.
* Borrowed from Japanese 小原 (Obara).
Chiang-chin
From Mandarin 江津 (Jiāngjīn), Wade–Giles romanization: Chiang¹-chin¹.
Karakhanid
From Persian قراخانیان (qarâkhân), of Turkic origin, from Old Turkic 𐰴𐰺𐰀 (qr¹a, “black; courageous”) (from Proto-Turkic *kara) + 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qǧn¹, “khan, ruler”) (corresponding to modern English khan).
Teh
Borrowed from Hokkien 鄭 /郑 (Tēⁿ).
He'nan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 河南 (Hénán) incorrectly as Hé'nán.
McAdory
Anglicized form of Northern Irish Mac an Deoraidh (“son of the stranger”), from Old Irish déorad (“stranger, outlaw”).
Lingao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 臨高／临高 (Língāo).
Wetwang
From either Old Norse vaett-vangr (“field for the trial of a legal action”) or Old English wet (“wet”) + Old English wang (“field”), as compared to the nearby dry field at Driffield
Blinken
Variant of Ukrainian Блінкін (Blinkin), a Jewish surname.
Hladki
From a Slavic language, e.g. Belarusian гладкі (hladki), Upper Sorbian hładki, Czech hladký, Slovak hladký, or Ukrainian гладкий (hladkyj), all from Proto-Slavic *gladъkъ (“smooth”).
Kai Ken
Named after Kai Province, where the breed is said to have originated; + Japanese 犬 (ken, “dog”).
Bolla
Various origins:
* Borrowed from Catalan and Spanish bola (“sphere, ball”).
* Borrowed from Hungarian Bolla, a surname, from a pet form of Barabás, Barnabás; see Barnaby.
* Borrowed from Telugu [Term?].
Wernick
Borrowed from German Wernick, a variant of Wernicke.
Vivero
Borrowed from Spanish Vivero, Castilianized form of Galician Viveiro. This surname is mostly found in Ecuador.
Yanik
Borrowed from Turkish Yanık or a partly Americanized form of Janik.
Gaoyao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 高要 (Gāoyāo).
McPhilemy
Anglicized form of Northern Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Feidhlimidh (“son of Feidhlimidh”), a personal name explained as meaning "the ever good".
Jebus
From Ecclesiastical Latin Iebus, from Ancient Greek Ιεβους (Iebous), from Biblical Hebrew יְבוּס (yᵊḇûs).
kway teow
From either or both Hokkien 粿條 /粿条 (kóe-tiâu) and Teochew 粿條 /粿条 (guê² diao⁵). Compare Malay kuetiau, Indonesian kwetiau, Burmese ကွေ့တီယို (kwe.tiyui), Khmer គុយទាវ (kuy tiəw), Thai ก๋วยเตี๋ยว (gǔai-dtǐao), Vietnamese hủ tiếu.
hor fun
From Cantonese 河粉 (ho⁴⁻² fan²).
Kishu Ken
Borrowed from Japanese 紀州犬 (Kishū-ken, “Kishū dog”).
Norrbottenspets
From Swedish, from Norrbotten + spets (“spitz”).
Norwegian Buhund
From Norwegian + Norwegian buhund, from bu (“homestead, a simple building or mountain hut (where the shepherd lived while looking after his herd in the summer) but can also mean stock, as in livestock”) + hund (“dog”).
Booton
From the Old English personal name *Bōta + tūn (“enclosure; settlement”).
Armenteros
Borrowed from Spanish Armenteros. This surname is mostly found in Cuba.
McCance
Anglicized form of Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Aonghuis (“son of Angus”). Compare McInnis and McGinnis.
Bowbrick
Topographic surname for someone who lived above the brook, from Old English bufan (“above”) + brōc (“brook, stream, torrent”).
episio-
From Ancient Greek ἐπίσιον (epísion, “pubic region”).
Muskerry
From Irish Múscraí, from Old Irish Múscraige.
Donggyeongi
From Korean 동경이 (donggyeong'i).
Eurasier
Borrowed from German Eurasier (“Eurasian”), signifying the breed’s European and Asian background.
Siddiq
Borrowed from Arabic صِدِّيق (ṣiddīq, “truthful”). This surname is mostly found in Pakistan.
Slotnick
Jewish occupational surname for a goldsmith, from either Belarusian Злотник (Zlótnik) or Polish Zlotnik.
Stanis
Two main origins:
* Americanized form of Polish Stanisz.
* Borrowed from Greek Στάνης (Stánis), probably a derivative of the personal name Stanislaus.
pye-dog
From Hindi पाहि (pāhi, “migrant farmer, passer-through”), from Sanskrit पार्श्व (pārśva, “side, vicinity”).
Raffel
* As a German surname, from the archaic Middle High German raffeln (“to be noisy”). Also compare Raff.
* As an English surname, variant of Rayfield.
* As a Scottish surname, variant of Revels.
Ockerman
Borrowed from Dutch Ockerman, a variant of Ackerman.
Kness
Borrowed from German Kness, a Germanized form of a Slavic surname.
Pax Sinica
From Latin pāx (“peace”) + Sīnica (“Chinese”) after the model of the imperial Roman Pax Romana, former British Pax Britannica, and present Pax Americana.
Dufton
From Old English *dūfe (“dove”) + tūn (“enclosure; town”).
Hartburn
From Old English heorot (“hart, stag”) + burna (“stream”).
Netherbury
From Old English niþera (“lower”) + byriġ (“fort”).
Ridsdale
From Rede (“a river in Northumberland”) + -s- + Old English dæl (“valley, dale”).
Bircham
From Old English bierċe (“birch”) + hām (“homestead; village”).
Redshaw
Habitational surname from a place in West Yorkshire, from Old English rēad (“red”) + sċeaga (“copse, thicket, shaw”).
Garrelts
Borrowed from Dutch and North German Garrelts, a variant of Garrels.
Birkenshaw
From Old English birċen (“birchen, made of birch”) + sċeaga (“copse, thicket, shaw”).
Sturmey
Perhaps from the Old French personal name Estourmi, which ultimately derives from Proto-Germanic *sturmaz (“storm”).
chillu
Borrowed from Malayalam ചില്ല് (cillŭ).
chillaksharam
Borrowed from Malayalam ചില്ലക്ഷരം (cillakṣaraṁ).
pandejo
Likely borrowed from Spanish pandejo (see below), or formed in English from pandemic and Spanish pendejo (“contemptible person”). Attested from 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
joget
Borrowed from Malay joget, probably from Old Javanese jogèd (“dance”).
Colglazier
Probably an Americanized spelling of German Kalcklöser.
Corales
Variant spelling of Spanish Corrales, from corrales (plural of corral, same as English corral.)
Buchko
Borrowed from Carpathian Rusyn, Pannonian Rusyn, and Ukrainian Бучко (Bučko).
Xinchengzi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 新城子 (Xīnchéngzi).
P'an-ku
From Mandarin 盤古 /盘古 (Pángǔ) Wade–Giles romanization: Pʻan²-ku³.
Fleurant
Borrowed from French Fleurant. This surname is mostly found in Haiti.
Hongya
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 洪雅.
McMurtry
Anglicized form of Northern Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Muircheartaigh (“son of Muircheartach”), a personal name composed of the elements muir (“sea”) + ceartach (“ruler”). Compare McCurdy and Moriarty.
Blancas
Borrowed from Spanish Blancas. This surname is mostly found in Mexico.
Huang-shan
From Mandarin 黃山 /黄山 (Huángshān) Wade–Giles romanization: Huang²-shan¹.
Marhefka
From Polish Marchewka, from marchewka (“redhead”).
Durness
From Scottish Gaelic Diùranais, further etymology uncertain; possibly dòrainn nis (“tempest point”), dhu (see dubh) thír nis (“point of the black land”), or a borrowing from Old Norse dýr (“deer, wild animal”). More at Durness.
Agopian
From Armenian Ակոբյան (Akobyan), a form of Հակոբյան (Hakobyan).
McCosh
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic and Northern Irish Mac Coise (“son of Cos”), a byname deriving from cos (“foot, leg”).
Cuadros
Borrowed from Spanish Cuadros. This surname is mostly found in Peru.
Esquivias
Borrowed from Spanish Esquivias. This surname is mostly found in Mexico.
jorim
From Korean 조림 (jorim) (South Korean) or Korean 졸임 (jorim) (North Korean), verbal noun of 조리다 (jorida, “to boil down”), from the causative form of 졸다 (jolda).
Soderman
Borrowed from Swedish Söderman, from söder (“south”) + man (“man”).
Heng-yang
From Mandarin 衡陽 /衡阳 (Héngyáng) Wade–Giles romanization: Hêng²-yang².
Honghe
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 紅河 /红河 (Hónghé).
Alhassan
Borrowed from Arabic ﺍﻟْﺤَﺴَﻦ. This surname is mostly found in Nigeria.
Zaveri
Borrowed from Gujarati ઝવેરી (jhaverī, “jeweler”),
from Persian جواهری (javâheri, “jeweller”),
borrowed from Arabic جَوَاهِر (jawāhir),
ultimately borrowed from Early Classical Persian گوهر (gawhar, “jewel, gem, pearl, essence”)
Svarog
Learned borrowing from Old East Slavic Сварогъ (Svarogŭ), ultimately from Proto-Slavic *Sъvarogъ.
Peekskill
From the name Jan Peeck + kill (“creek”), from Dutch kil.
Llangefni
From Welsh llan + Afon Cefni, a river.
Bahri
Borrowed from Arabic بَحْرِيّ (baḥriyy, “seaman, sailor”). This surname is mostly found in Algeria.
Wallgren
Borrowed from Swedish Wallgren, from vall (“pasture”) + gren (“branch”). Compare Wahlgren.
McLawhorn
Americanized form of Northern Irish Mac Labhrainn (“son of Labhrann”). Compare McLaren, which derives from the same source.
Rhomania
From Ancient Greek Ῥωμᾱνῐ́ᾱ (Rhōmānĭ́ā).
Wainman
Occupational surname for a cartwright, from Middle English wayn (“wagon, cart”) + man.
Akhaioi
From Ancient Greek Ἀχαιοί (Akhaioí).
Grana Padano
From Italian Grana Padano, from grana (a cheese similar to parmesan, masculine) and padano (“from the Po Valley”).
afuega'l pitu
Borrowed from Asturian afuega'l pitu. Literally "choke the chicken". According to local legend, the cheese is deemed to be ready when it is strong enough to choke a chicken that eats it.
Wogan
From the Welsh personal name Gwgan, from gwg (“scowl”).
Axford
From a metathesised form of Old English æsċ (“ash tree”) + ford (“ford”).
Bignell
Habitational surname from a small place near Bicester, from the Old English personal name Biċġa + hyll (“hill”).
Belger
Borrowed from German Belger. It could also be a variant of Bolger.
Shutter
Two main origins:
* Occupational surname for a marksman, from an agent derivative of Middle English shoten (“to shoot”).
* An Americanized spelling of Schutter.
Oberlander
From German Oberländer (literally “highlander, uplander”).
From Oberland + -er, literally “highlander, uplander”, from German Oberland (“highland”).
Mu'tazili
From Arabic مُعْتَزِلِيّ (muʕtaziliyy).
communicatrix
Learned borrowing from Latin commūnicātrīx. By surface analysis, communicate + -trix.
Coxley
From Old English cōces (“cook's”) + lēah (“wood, clearing”).
Tlatenchi
Ultimately of Nahuatl origin. This surname is mostly found in the state of Puebla, in Mexico.
Clutton
From Old English clūdiġ (“rocky, stony”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
McCraney
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Bhranaigh (“son of Branach”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of bran (“raven”).
Monville
Borrowed from French Monville a habitational surname from villages in Belgium and Normandy, syncopic form of Montville, from Old French mont and ville.
Karman
Various origins:
* Borrowed from Dutch Karman, an occupational surname for a carter.
* A variant of German Karmann, which shares the same origin of the Dutch surname.
* Borrowed from Hungarian Kármán, an ethnic name for the Turkish people of the Karaman Province.
* A Jewish surname from Russian карман (karman, “pocket”), probably a metonymic occupational surname.
Hilling
Topographic surname for a person living on a hill, from an unattested Old English word *hylling (“hill-dweller”).
Hreha
As a Carpathian Rusyn and Slovak surname, from Hreha, short form of the personal name Hrehor, a regional variant of Gregor.
McGarvey
Anglicized form of Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Gairbhshíth (“son of Gairbhshíth”), a personal name composed of the elements garbh (“rough”) + síth (“peace”).
Childer Thornton
Childer is from cildra, genitive plural of Old English cild, referring to the young monks of St Werburgh's Abbey, Chester.
Mayland
The placename may be from Old English mæġþe (“mayweed”) + land. Or, from īegland (“island”) with initial -m carried over from þæm (dative case of the definite article).
* As an English surname, from the placenames (see Etymology 1 above).
* Also as an English surname, variant of Malin, likely with influence from the surname May.
* As a German surname, from Mayland, variant spelling of Mailand (“Milan”).
Najibullah
From Arabic نجيبالله (literally “distinguished servant of the god Allah”), from نجيب (“Najib”)+الله (allāh, “Allah”).
Basnett
From Anglo-Norman bacynet (“bascinet, kind of helmet”).
Murton
From Old English mōr (“moor, marsh, fen”) + tūn (“enclosure; town, settlement”).
Sigl
From German Sigl, from Siegel (“seal”), from Siegelbeamter (“sealmaker”); from Latin sigillum (“seal”).
Oskarsdottir
Borrowed from Icelandic Óskarsdóttir, a patronymic, from Óskar + -s + dóttir, literally “Oskar's daughter”.
chaudin
From Cajun French chaudin (“stuffed and baked pig's stomach; pig's large intestine”), from Poitevin-Saintongeais chàudin, from Old French chaudun, from Medieval Latin caldūmen. Doublet of chawdron.
cothon
From Ancient Greek κώθων (kṓthōn), rendering a Phoenician term meaning something like "excavated". (Cothon was the name of the island in Carthage's artificial harbor, namesake of the type.)