MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
swordplay
Inherited from Old English sweordplega. By surface analysis, sword + play.
Percival
From Old French Perceval, name of a knight in a twelfth century Arthurian romance by the French poet Chrétien de Troyes. Shaped like Old French percier (“pierce”) + val (“valley”), but probably representing some Gaulish or Old Welsh name, possibly related to Welsh Peredur, from ber (“spear, lance”) (from Middle Welsh ber, from Proto-Brythonic *ber, from Proto-Celtic *beru (“spit”)) + dur (“hard metal, steel”) (see Latin durus).
Cognate with German Parzival and Parsifal.
infante
From Spanish infante and Portuguese infante, both from Latin īnfāntem (“child”). Doublet of infant. Cognate with infantry.
From Spanish.
grano
From Spanish grano (“grain, 1/9216 Spanish pound”), from Latin grānus (“grain”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm. Doublet of grain.
Borrowed from Spanish Grano, Italian Grano.
presa
From Italian presa (“capture, seizure”).
From Spanish presa (“dam”), related to the above.
Borrowed from Spanish Presa. This surname is predominantly found in Mexico.
sailcloth
From Middle English seylecloth, saylclath, seil-cloþ, seil-clæð, from Old English *seġlclāþ, equivalent to sail + cloth. Cognate with West Frisian seilkleed, Dutch zeilkleed, Middle Low German sēgelklêt, sēgelkleit, seilklêt, seilkleit, German Segelkleid.
Lawson
* As a Scottish and northern English surname meaning "son of Lawrence," from Lawrence + -son. Compare Law, Laws.
* As a Swedish, Danish, Norwegian, and north German surname, Americanized from Larsen, Larsson.
Sherwood
From Old English scīr + wudu (“forest”). The first element is either the ancestor of the modern noun shire, or an adjective meaning "bright" (ancestor to the modern word sheer), depending on the specific placename (listed below).
Omar
From Arabic عُمَر (ʕumar). Doublet of Umar.
Hortense
From the French form of the Latin Hortēnsia, feminine form of Hortēnsius (“name of a Roman gens”), probably derived from hortēnsis (“having to do with gardens”) on the basis that the first to bear the name was a gardener.
Cunningham
From Scottish Gaelic Coineagan, a district of Ayrshire, either from Old English cyning (“king”) or Scottish Gaelic coineanach (“rabbit”) + Old English hām (“home, estate; hamlet, village”).
Annette
From French Annette, diminutive of Anne, from Ἄννα (Ánna), the Ancient Greek New Testament form of the Hebrew female name חַנָּה (ḥannâ, “grace, gracious”) with the French suffix ette meaning cute, adorable or little. So, Annette could mean "Little favor of God", "cute grace" or "little Anne".
Jethro
Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew יִתְרוֹ (yitró).
Wilfrid
Inherited from Old English Wilfriþ, from wil (“will”) + friþ (“peace”).
Wentworth
From either the Old English byname Wintra, or Old English winter (“winter”) + worþ (“enclosure”).
Dion
Borrowed from Ancient Greek Δίων (Díōn). Also a medieval English and French diminutive of Dionysius (Dennis).
Hawkins
From the Middle English personal name Hawkin, diminutive of Hal (Henry), or from a byname "hawk" (Hawk), with -s.
Carlton
From Old English ċeorl (“freeman”) and tūn (“town”). Doublet of Charlton. The alteration of /tʃ/ to /k/ is down to Old Norse influence.
Ptolemy
From Ancient Greek Πτολεμαῖος (Ptolemaîos).
Ptolemaic
Via Latin Ptolemāicus from Koine Greek Πτολεμᾱϊκός (Ptolemāïkós) from Πτολεμαῖος (Ptolemaîos), a proper name derived from Epic Greek πτόλεμος (ptólemos), variant of Ancient Greek πόλεμος (pólemos, “battle, war”); equivalent to Ptolemy + -ic.
kratom
Borrowed from Thai กระท่อม (grà-tɔ̂m).
memorabilia
Borrowed from Latin memorābilia (“things to be remembered”); its use as noun is after Ancient Greek ἀπομνημονεύματα (apomnēmoneúmata) of the neuter plural of memorābilis (“memorable”). Its English use is perhaps after the Latin title Memorabilia of Xenophon’s collection of Socratic dialogues.
sarcophagi
Borrowed from Latin sarcophagī, from sarcophagus + -ī (suffix denoting the nominative or vocative plural form of a word ending in -us).
swinish
From Middle English swinisse, swynys, swynyse; equivalent to swine + -ish.
gammon
From Middle English *gammon, gambon, from Old French gambon (compare modern French jambon (“ham”)), from gambe (“leg”), from Late Latin gamba, from Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ). Doublet of jambon and jamon.
From Middle English gamenen, gamene, from Old English gamnian, gæmnian, gamenian (“to joke, play”), from Proto-West Germanic *gamanōn, from Proto-Germanic *gamanōną (“to play, have fun, joke”). Cognate with Middle High German gamenen (“to mock, make fun of”), Icelandic gamna (“to have fun”). More at game.
rumbullion
From French Rambouillet, a town between Paris and Chartres in France. Doublet of Rambouillet.
spousal
From Middle English spousaille, from Old French esposaille, espousaille, espousalle, Anglo-Norman (e)spusaille, esposalie, sposale, spousaille.
dunt
From Middle English dunt, dynt, from Old English dynt (“dint, blow, strike, stroke, bruise, stripe, thud, the mark or noise of a blow, a bruise, noise, crash”), from Proto-West Germanic *dunti, from Proto-Germanic *duntiz (“shock, blow”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰen- (“to beat, push”). Cognate with Swedish dialectal dunt (“stroke”). Doublet of dent and dint.
predication
From Middle English predicacion, from Anglo-Norman predicaciun, from Latin praedicātiō, from praedicō.
anapnograph
From French anapnographe, coined by the device's inventors Léon Bergeon and M. Kastus in the 1860s, from Ancient Greek ἀναπνοή (anapnoḗ, “recovery of breath; respiration”) (from ἀναπνέω (anapnéō, “to draw breath”), from ἀνα- (ana-, “up”) + πνέω (pnéō, “to breathe”)) + French -graphe (see -graph).
Hiram
From Biblical Hebrew חִירָם (Ḥirám, “high-born”), possibly from Phoenician, or a shortened form of אֲחִירָם ('aḥirám, “brother of the exalted”).
overspread
From Middle English overspreden, from Old English ofersprǣdan; equivalent to over- + spread. Cognate with Dutch overspreiden (“to overspread”), German überspreiten (“to overspread”).
episteme
From Ancient Greek ἐπιστήμη (epistḗmē, “knowledge”).
escarole
Borrowed from French escarole, from Italian scariola, scarola (“chicory; endive”), from Late Latin escariola, scariola, from Latin ēsca (“food; dish prepared for the table”) (from edō (“to eat”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”)) + -ola (from -olus, -ulus (suffix forming diminutive nouns)). Doublet of scariole.
escritoire
From French escritoire, from escrire (“to write”) (obsolete forms of écritoire and écrire, respectively) + -oire (“a tool or object”). Doublet of scriptorium.
lime
From Middle English lyme, lym, lime, from Old English līm, from Proto-West Germanic *līm, from Proto-Germanic *līmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“to smear”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Liem (“glue”), Dutch lijm, German Leim (“glue”), Danish lim (from Old Norse lím), Latin limus (“mud”).
Lime (17th c.) and line (16th c.) are alterations of obsolete lind, from Middle English lynde, from Old English lind, from Proto-Germanic *lindijō. The phonetic development is unusual, but it has been suggested that it began in compounds (loss of -d- perhaps before tree, the change to -m- before labials as in bark or wood). Doublet of linden, which see.
From French lime, from Spanish lima, from Arabic لِيمَة (līma), from Persian لیمو (limu). Doublet of lemon.
autarky
Borrowed from Ancient Greek αὐτᾰ́ρκειᾰ (autắrkeiă, “independence, self-sufficiency, autarky; satisfaction with one’s resources, contentment”) + English -y (suffix forming abstract nouns denoting a condition, quality, or state). Αὐτᾰ́ρκειᾰ (Autắrkeiă) is derived from αὐτάρκης (autárkēs, “self-sufficient; content with what one has”) + -ειᾰ (-eiă, suffix forming feminine nouns); while αὐτάρκης (autárkēs) is from αὐτο- (auto-, prefix meaning ‘self’) + ᾰ̓ρκέω (ărkéō, “to be enough for, satisfy, suffice; (passive) to be satisfied with”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to guard, protect; to hold; to lock”)) + -ης (-ēs, suffix forming third-declension adjectives).
pagophagia
From Ancient Greek πάγος (págos, “ice”) + -phagia.
entrail
From Middle English entraille, from Old French entraille (compare modern French entrailles), from Late Latin intrālia, modification of Latin intrānea, contraction of interāneum (“gut, intestine”), substantive of interāneus (“internal, inward”).
cantore
Borrowed from Dutch kantoor and its obsolete spelling cantoor, from Middle Dutch contoor, contoir, comptoir, from Middle French contoir, comptoir, from conter, compter (“to count”) + -oir (instrument suffix). Doublet of computer, counter, and kontor.
Benedictine
From French bénédictin, from Latin benedictus, named after Italian 6th century Saint Benedict of Nursia (Latin: Benedictus Nursiae). Recorded in English from the 17th century. By surface analysis, Benedict + -ine.
bezoar
Borrowed from Spanish bezoar and/or French bézoard, based on Arabic بَازَهْر (bāzahr), from Middle Persian pʾtzhl (pādzahr, “bezoar, antidote”), from a compound of words meaning “to protect” and “poison” (literally “killing thing”), thus a bezoar was “that which protects against poison”. In ancient times, bezoars from animals were ground up and ingested as remedies for various maladies and as antidotes to poisons.
enterolith
Coined based on Ancient Greek ἔντερον (énteron, “intestine”) + λίθος (líthos, “stone”). By surface analysis, entero- + -lith.
strophe
Borrowed from Latin stropha, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek στροφή (strophḗ, “a turn, bend, twist”). Compare strap and strop.
galleass
1540s, from Old French galleasse, from Italian galeaza ‘large galley’, from Latin galea.
gavial
From Hindi घड़ियाल (ghaṛiyāl). Doublet of gharial.
Meiji period
Semi-calque of Japanese 明治時代 (Meiji jidai).
Mount Fuji
From Japanese 富士山 (ふじさん, Fuji-san), from 富士 (ふじ, Fuji, the name of the mountain; see there for more) + 山 (-さん, -san, suffix for mountains, which has been translated).
eviction
Borrowed from Middle French éviction, from Late Latin ēvictiō, from Latin ēvincō.
kantar
From Arabic قِنْطَار (qinṭār). Doublet of centenary, centner, and quintal.
tian
From French, from Provençal tian, from Old Occitan, from Ancient Greek τήγανον (tḗganon), variant of τάγηνον (tágēnon, “frying pan”).
The pinyin romanization of Mandarin 田 (Tián).
The pinyin romanization of Mandarin 天 (Tiān).
salver
From Middle English salver (attested only in the sense of "ointment box"), from Old English *sealfere (“salver, one who anoints”), equivalent to salve + -er. Cognate with Dutch zalver (“salver”), German Salber (“salver”).
From Middle English salver (“serving platter”), from Spanish salva (“a testing of food or drink to test for poison”), from salvar (“to save, taste food for one's master”), from Latin salvō (“save”, verb). More at save.
maci
From Hokkien 麻糍 (môa-chî).
prosphora
From Ancient Greek προσφορά (prosphorá, “offering”), from πρός (towards) + φέρω (bring).
Shahbag
From Bengali শাহবাগ (śahobag, literally “royal garden”), from শাহ (śah, “king”) + বাগ (bag, “garden”).
as it were
From Middle English as it were, as hyt were, als it were, als hit were, from Old English *ealswā hit wǣre, attested only as swā hit wǣre and swylċe hit wǣre (“as it were”, literally “as it would be”).
Compare Dutch als het ware.
bromidrosis
From Ancient Greek βρῶμος (brômos, “foul-smelling”) + ῑ̔δρώς (hīdrṓs, “sweat”) + -ωσῐς (-ōsĭs, “condition”), a Neo-Classical compound meaning the condition of foul-smelling sweating.
aisle
From Middle English ele, from Middle French aisle (“wing”) (Modern French aile), from Latin āla (whence English ala). Further from Latin axis (whence English axis, atelier). Via Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs- cognate with English axle, Ancient Greek ἄξων (áxōn) (whence English axo-, axon).
Cabriole leg
From French cabriole (“goat's leap”), from Italian capriola.
den of iniquity
Unclear, but probably inspired by the “den of thieves” in the KJV Bible, which is a calque of Latin spēlunca latrōnum.
eristic
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐριστικός (eristikós, “eager for strife”). See also Eris.
haversack
From French havresac, from Low German Haaversack and/or German Habersack, Hafersack (literally “oat-sack”), from Hafer + Sack. Compare also Dutch haverzak.
horse
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱers-
Proto-Indo-European *-ós
Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós?
Proto-Indo-European *h₁wers-?
Proto-Indo-European *wers-
Proto-Indo-European *-ḗn
Proto-Indo-European *wérsēn
Proto-Indo-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā
Proto-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šāder.?
Proto-Germanic *hrussą
Proto-West Germanic *hross
Old English hors
Middle English hors
English horse
From Middle English hors, horse, ors, from Old English hors (“horse”), from Proto-West Germanic *hors, *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós (“vehicle”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of car and carrus.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots horse (“horse”), West Frisian hoars (“horse”), Cimbrian ross (“horse”), Dutch hors, ros (“horse”), German Ross, Roß (“horse”), Danish and Norwegian Nynorsk hors (“horse, mare”), Faroese hors, ross (“horse”), Icelandic hross (“horse”), Swedish russ (“horse”); also Cornish karr (“car”), Welsh car (“car; cart, wagon”), Latin currus (“car, chariot; wagon, wain”), Ancient Greek ἐπίκουρος (epíkouros, “aiding, assisting; defending; ally, helper; hireling”), Tocharian A kursär (“vehicle; mile”), Tocharian B kwarsär (“course; path”).
From Middle English horsen, from Old English horsian (“to horse, provide with horses”) and ġehorsian (“to horse, set or mount on a horse, supply with horses”), from the noun (see above).
kairine
From Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “the right time”) + -ine.
slumgullion
Uncertain, but said to derive from slime and Scots gullion (“swamp; cesspool”). Attested from the late nineteenth century in reference to a watery beverage (see quotation below). Compare Irish góilín (“a creek; a small inlet”).
tomentose
From New Latin tōmentōsus of like application, from tōmentum + -ōsus.
exiguity
From Middle French exiguite, from Late Latin exiguitas. See exiguous.
expounder
From Middle English expounder, expounere, expowner, expownere; equivalent to expound + -er.
vort
Borrowed from Yiddish וואָרט (vort, “word”). Doublet of word.
Brendan
Anglicized form of the name of Irish saints, Irish Bréanainn (via Latin Brendanus), from Old Irish Brénainn, from Old Welsh breenhin (“prince, king”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *brigantīnos (“(someone) preeminent, outstanding”), a diminutive of *brigantī (“high, exalted”). Doublet of Brian.
didymium
From Ancient Greek δίδυμος (dídumos, “twin”) + -ium.
cherimoya
Borrowed from Spanish chirimoya, from Quechua chirimuya.
instanter
Unadapted borrowing from Medieval Latin īnstanter (“immediately”), originally “vehemently” in Classical Latin.
Acheulean
From French acheuléen, from Saint-Acheul, a suburb of Amiens where the first tools from this period were found.
pluvial
Borrowed from French pluvial, from Middle French pluvial, borrowed from Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”).
Cyrenaica
From Latin Cȳrenaica, from Ancient Greek Κῡρηναϊκή (Kūrēnaïkḗ), from Κῡρηνᾰῐ̈κός (Kūrēnăĭ̈kós, “Cyrenean, adj.”) + -ή (-ḗ, “-a: forming feminine nouns”), from Κῡρηναῖος (Kūrēnaîos, “Cyrenean, n.”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic: forming adjectives”), from Κυρήνη (Kurḗnē, “Cyrene”) + -ιος (-ios, “-y: forming demonyms”). Equivalent to Cyrenaic + -a.
sengreen
From Middle English singrene, from Old English singrēne (“evergreen; houseleek”), from Proto-West Germanic *singrōnijā (“evergreen, houseleek”), from Proto-Germanic *singrōniz (literally “ever-green”). Cognate with Dutch zenegroen, German Singrün.
trencher
From Middle English trenchour, from Anglo-Norman trenchour and Old Northern French trencheor (French tranchoir), from trenchier (“to cut, to carve”). See trench (verb).
look like
From Middle English loken like, equivalent to look + like (conjunction and preposition).
houseleek
From Middle English houslek, probably from Old English *hūslēac, from Proto-West Germanic *hūsalauk. Cognate with Dutch huislook, German Hauslauch, Danish husløg, Swedish huslök. By surface analysis, house + leek.
sphene
From French sphène, coined by René Just Haüy in 1801, Traité de minéralogie vol. 3 p. 114, after Ancient Greek σφήν (sphḗn, “wedge”).
todorokite
From Japanese 轟 (todoroki, “boom, rumble; sound of thunder”) + -ite, after Todoroki Mine (轟鉱山) in Shiribeshi, Hokkaido where it was discovered.
tige
Borrowed from French tige (“stem”), from Latin tibia (“shin bone, leg”). Doublet of tibia.
saxifrage
From Old French saxifrage, from Late Latin saxifraga, from Latin saxifragus (“stone-breaking”). Doublet of sassafras.
Maura
Either Irish Máire and Scottish Gaelic Màiri, or from Italian Maura. When borrowed from Irish, a doublet of Moira.
Borrowed from Catalan, French, and Italian Maura.
savable
From Middle English savable, from Middle French sauvable, from Old French salvable, sauvable, from Medieval Latin salvābilis; equivalent to save + -able.
ethe
From the Ancient Greek ἤθη (ḗthē), the contracted nominative plural form of ἦθος (êthos).
ethea
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἤθεα (ḗthea), the uncontracted nominative plural form of ἦθος (êthos).
satori
Borrowed from Japanese 悟り (satori, “understanding; (Buddhism) enlightenment, satori”), from 悟る (satoru, “to perceive; to comprehend, understand; to come to enlightenment”), from Middle Chinese 悟 (nguH, “to become aware, apprehend, realize; to awaken”) (modern Mandarin 悟 (wù)), used to translate Pali bodhi (“supreme knowledge”) or its etymon Sanskrit बोधि (bodhi, “perfect knowledge or wisdom by which a person becomes a buddha or jina; enlightened or illuminated intellect of a Buddha or jina”).
Etymology 1 sense 3 (“mutant gene of Drosophila that causes homosexual behaviour in males”) was coined by the Japanese scientist Daisuke Yamamoto in a 1991 paper, based on the Japanese term.
Borrowed from Japanese 覚 (satori), from Middle Chinese 覺 (kaewk, “to become aware, awaken to, dawn on”) (modern Mandarin 覺 /觉 (jué); referring to the creature’s mind-reading ability).
seniority
From Middle English senyoryte, from Medieval Latin senioritas, from Latin senior (“elder”).
scarify
From French scarifier, from Late Latin scarificāre, from Latin scarifāre (“to scarify”), from Ancient Greek σκαριφᾶσθαι (skariphâsthai, “scratch”), from σκάριφος (skáriphos, “writing, drawing, sketching”). Unrelated to scar.
hornless
From Middle English hornles, equivalent to horn + -less. Piecewise doublet of cornless.
gazump
Possibly from Yiddish גזלן (gazlen, “thief, bandit”).
stare decisis
Learned borrowing from Latin stāre dēcīsīs, from stāre (“to stand; to stay, to remain”) + dēcīsīs, ablative plural of dēcīsus, from dēcidere (“to sever, to decide”). Literally, “to stand by decided matters”.
unbelief
From Middle English unbilefe, unbileve, equivalent to un- + belief.
alveolate
Borrowed from Latin alveolatus, from alveolus (“cavity”). For the protists, a borrowing of taxonomic name Alveolata.
unikont
From uni- (“one”) + -kont (“flagellate”) from Ancient Greek κοντός (kontós, “pole”).
bikont
From bi- (“twice”) + -kont (“flagellate”) from Ancient Greek κοντός (kontós, “pole”).
beatify
From French béatifier, from Medieval Latin beātifico (“I bless”).
schlepp
From Yiddish שלעפּן (shlepn, “to drag”), from Middle High German slepen, from Middle Low German slêpen, from or related to Old High German sleifen (“to drag”) and slifan (“to slip”), from Proto-West Germanic *sleupan.
Compare German schleppen (“to haul”) and its inherited doublet schleifen (“to drag”), Dutch slepen (“to drag”), Danish slæbe (“to haul”).
iter
Borrowed from Latin iter (“passage”).
(experimental reactor): originally an acronym, now explained as derived from Latin iter (“way, path”).
scrod
One theory derives it from scrawed, past participle of Cornwall dialect scraw (“to split and dry fish”), but the further origin of this word seems not to have been traced.
Another theory derives it from an obsolete Dutch term: either from schrood (“slice, shred”), from Middle Dutch schrode, schroode, referring to the splitting of the fish; or alternatively from the related schrot (“inferior product, cull”), the scrod being originally a cod too small for filleting. In both of these cases, the word is ultimately cognate to shred. Compare East Frisian schrod (“small or worthless thing; shred”), German Schrott (“scrap”).
opisthokont
From opistho- + -kont (“flagellate”) from Ancient Greek κοντός (kontós, “pole”).
prescind
From Latin praescindō (“to cut off in front”), from prae- (“before”) + scindō (“split, divide”).
lorica
Borrowed from Latin lōrīca, literally "a corselet of thongs", probably from lorum (“thong”).
drenching
From Middle English drenchyng, drenchynge, drenchende, from Old English drenċende, from Proto-Germanic *drankijandz, present participle of *drankijaną (“to drench”), equivalent to drench + -ing.
From Middle English drenchinge, equivalent to drench + -ing.
anserine
From Latin anserīnus, from anser (“goose”).
From Latin anser (“goose”) + -ine, after German Anserin.
Ute
From Utah, from Spanish Yuta, of Pueblo and/or Apache origin.
Lemnos
From Greek Λήμνος (Límnos) and Ancient Greek Λῆμνος (Lêmnos).
Metsovo
Borrowed from Greek Μέτσοβο (Métsovo).
Kefalovrysi
From Greek Κεφαλόβρυσο (Kefalóvryso, “headspring”), from κεφαλή (kephalḗ, “head”) + βρυσί (brusí, “hose”).
al-
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *h₂elnós
Proto-Germanic *allaz
Proto-Germanic *ala-
Proto-West Germanic *ala-
Old English æl-
Middle English al-
English al-
From Middle English al-, from Old English eal-, eall- (“all-”). More at all.
Assimilated form of ad- before l. From Latin ad-.
sneezy
From Middle English fnesy, equivalent to sneeze + -y. For change of initial f to s see sneeze.
definiendum
Borrowed from Latin dēfīniendum, gerund of dēfīniō.
definiens
From Latin, substantive use of dēfīniēns (“[a] defining”), present active participle of dēfīniō.
Magna Carta
From Late Middle English Magna Carta, borrowed from Medieval Latin Magna Carta, from Latin magna (“great”) + carta (“charter”).
earthiness
From Middle English erthinesse, erthynesse, eorþynesse, equivalent to earthy + -ness.
earthshaking
From earth + shaking as a calque of Ancient Greek ἐννοσίγαιος (ennosígaios), ἐνοσίχθων (enosíkhthōn).
neuroleptic
Borrowed from French neuroleptique, coined by Jean Delay and Pierre Deniker in 1955. Constructed from Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “neuron”) and λῆψις (lêpsis), noun form of λαμβάνω (lambánō, “take hold of”).
femoral
Borrowed from Latin femorālis, from Latin root femor-, from femur (genitive femoris). Equivalent to femur + -al.
fibril
Borrowed from Latin fibrilla, diminutive of Latin fibra. Doublet of fibrilla. Compare fibre.
scorner
Inherited from Middle English scornere, scorner; equivalent to scorn + -er.
paladar
From Spanish paladar, from Old Spanish, from Vulgar Latin *palātārem, from Latin palātum.
chancre
Borrowed from French chancre (“cancer”), from Latin cancer (“crab”). Cognate to canker and cancer.
sotto voce
Borrowed from Italian sottovoce (literally “under [the] voice”).
Drunken Fist
Calque from Chinese 醉拳 (zuìquán).
purpura
Learned borrowing from Latin purpura. Doublet of purple and purpure.
no doubt
Inherited from Middle English ne doute, a calque of Old French saunz doute, itself borrowed unadapted into Middle English.
schoolhouse
From Middle English scolehous, scole-hous, equivalent to school + house. Compare West Frisian skoallehûs,
skoalhûs (“schoolhouse”), Dutch schoolhuis (“schoolhouse”), German Schulhaus (“schoolhouse”).
Latinity
From Latin Latīnitās, from Latin Latīnus (“Latin”).
macuahuitl
From Spanish macuahuitl, from Classical Nahuatl māccuahuitl.
bestrew
From Middle English bistrewen, from Old English bestrēawian, bestrēowian (“to bestrew, besprinkle”), equivalent to be- + strew. Cognate with Dutch bestrooien (“to sprinkle, bestrew”), German bestreuen (“to sprinkle, cover”), Swedish beströ (“to strew, sprinkle, scatter”).