MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Giese
German, Dutch and Danish surname, from a short form of the personal name Gieselbert (see Gilbert) or related Germanic names such as Giesel, where the first element means "pledge, hostage." Compare Giesey.
Yin
A borrowing of Chinese 陰山／阴山 (Yīnshān)
From Mandarin 殷 (Yīn).
Buell
* As a Welsh surname, variant of Bowell, itself a variant of Powell (also see Howell).
* As a Dutch surname, from the noun beul (“hangman”).
Lizarraga
Borrowed from Spanish Lizárraga, from Basque lizarr (“ash tree”) + the locative suffix -aga.
Newhouse
* From new + house.
* Calque of German Neuhaus. Derived from Neuhaus (cf. Samuel Irving Newhouse Sr.), anglicization of German Neuhaus. From neu+Haus.
Cognate with, Catalan Casanova, French Maisonneuve, German Neuhaus, Italian Casanova, Occitan Casanova.
Hatley
From the Old English hætt + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Stowell
From Old English stān (“stone”) + wella (“spring, well, stream”).
Ritz
From the German surname, from the personal name Rizo, partially from Richard and partially from Heinrich. Also shortened from Moritz.
Hsieh
From the Mandarin 謝 /谢 (Xiè) Wade–Giles romanization: Hsieh⁴.
McQueen
* As a Scottish Gaelic and Irish surname, from Mac Shuibhne (“son of Suibhne”), a byname meaning "pleasant." See McSweeney.
* Also as a Scottish and Irish surname, from Mac Shuain, based on Old Norse sveinn (“boy servant”). Also compare Swain, McSwan.
* Also as a Scottish and Irish surname, Anglicized form of Irish Mac Caoimhín (literally “son of Kevin”).
* As a French surname, Americanized from Moquin.
Cumming
Borrowed from Scottish Gaelic Cuimeinich, presumably from Anglo-Norman de Comyn, which was a surname of toponymic origin, either from Commin near Rouen or Comines near Lille.
Gilmour
Variant of Gilmore, from Scottish Gaelic gille (“servant lad”) + Moire (“Mary mother of Jesus”).
Heaney
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó hÉighnigh (“descendant of Éighneach”), or an Anglicized form of Ó hÉanna (“descendant of Éanna”), a personal name of unclear origin, possibly containing the element éan (“bird”). Compare Bird, Heagney.
Kempf
German and Danish surname, variant of Kämpf, Kampf.
Izaguirre
Borrowed from Spanish Izaguirre, from Basque Izagirre.
Grillo
From Italian Grillo, from the Italianization of the Sicilian surname Agriḍḍu, a surname derived from agriḍḍu (“cricket”). Doublet of Agrillo.
Mulholland
Derived from Irish Ó Maolchalann (“descendant of Maolchalann”).
Reza
Borrowed from Iranian Persian رِضَا (rezâ), from Classical Persian رِضَا (rizā), borrowed from Arabic رِضَا (riḍā), from رِضًا (riḍan, “satisfaction, fulfillment”), verbal noun of رَضِيَ (raḍiya, “to be pleased; to be satisfied”).
Pfaff
Borrowed from German Pfaff, from Middle High German pfaffe (“cleric”).
Kingsbury
Originally from Old English Cingesburg, &c., from cyninges (“king's”) + burh (“fort, manor, town”). Later derived from earlier places named Kingsbury and from people bearing the surname. Equivalent to king + -'s + -bury. Doublet of Kingsburg, Kingsburgh, and Conisbrough. Cf. Kingstown, Kingston, Kingsville, Coniston, Conington, and Queensbury.
Luevano
Borrowed from Mexican Spanish Luévano, perhaps a misspelling of Cuévano.
Weddle
Scottish habitational surname, from a place called Wedale, in the Scottish Borders. This placename could derive from Old English wedd (“pledge, security”) + dæl (“dale, valley”).
Mansour
Borrowed from Arabic مَنْصُور (manṣūr).
Boylan
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Baoighealláin (“descendant of Baoigheallán”), a diminutive of Baoigheall, a personal name composed of the elements baoth (“vain, foolish”) + geall (“pledge, token”).
Rascon
Borrowed from Spanish Rascón. This surname is mostly found in Mexico.
Tait
From Middle English Tayte, Tayt, Teyt (personal name), from Middle English tayt, teyte (“cheerful, merry”), from Old Norse teitr (“cheerful, glad”), from Proto-Germanic *taitaz (“glad, delicate, tender, radiant”). Cognate with Old English tāt (“glad”, attested in names), Old High German zeiz (“loving, pleasant, tender”).
Barham
Two possible origins:
* The villages in Cambridgeshire and Suffolk are named with Old English beorg (“hill”) + hām (“homestead”).
* The village in Kent is probably named with an unattested Old English personal name *Beora, a derivative of bera (“bear”), + hām (“homestead”).
Almazan
From Spanish Almazán, after the town in Soria, Spain, of Arabic origin.
Vandiver
Americanized form of Dutch van Duiver, a habitational surname for someone from Duiven.
malmstone
From Middle English malmston, from Old English mealmstān, equivalent to malm + stone.
kinchaku
Borrowed from Japanese 巾(きん)着(ちゃく) (kinchaku).
Airavata
From Sanskrit ऐरावत (airāvata, “produced from the ocean”).
Akshayapatra
From Sanskrit अक्षय (akṣaya) + पात्र (pātra).
Dejong
Rare anglicized spelling of Dutch de Jong.
Anglicized spelling of Dutch de Jong.
Engstrom
Borrowed from Swedish Engström, from äng (“meadow”) + ström (“stream, current”).
Thach
Borrowed from Vietnamese Thạch. Doublet of Shih.
Tapp
* As an English surname, from the personal name Tapp, from Old English *Tæppa, thought to be related to the adjective top. Compare the placename Taplow, and the surname Taplin.
* Also as an English surname, variant of Topp.
* Also as an English surname, possibly related to the nouns tape or tap.
* As a German surname, from a derivative of the ancient Germanic name Theudobrand, from *þeudō (“people”) + *brandaz (“sword”).
* Also as a German surname, of Low German origin, from obsolete Middle Low German tappe (“oaf”), which could be related to zapfen (“tap, draw liquor”).
Dipietro
Very rare spelling of Italian Di Pietro.
From Italian di Pietro and Di Pietro, patronymic forms of Pietro.
Nolte
From German Nolte, from a short form of the given name Arnold.
Latta
Scottish surname, variant of Lawtie, a nick name from Early Scots lautee, from Anglo-Norman leauté, lauté (“loyalty, honesty”), from Old French leauté, from the adjective loial.
Yim
Borrowed from Cantonese 嚴 /严 (jim⁴) or Cantonese 閻 /阎 (jim⁴).
Castanos
Borrowed from Spanish Castaños; this surname is predominantly found in the Philippines.
Coakley
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Mac Caochlaoich (“son of Caochlaoch”), a personal name composed of the elements caoch (“blind”) + laoch (“hero”).
Aguila
Anglicization of Spanish Águila. Also a common Filipino surname. Doublet of Eagle.
Avendano
Anglicization of Spanish Avendaño, a surname of Basque origin.
landish
From Middle English londish, londiss, from Old English *lendisċ (attested in inlendisċ, ūtlendisċ, uplendisċ, etc.), from Proto-Germanic: *landiskaz. Equivalent to land + -ish.
Alakananda
From Sanskrit अलकनन्दा (alakanandā).
Abeyta
Borrowed from Spanish Abeyta, a surname of Basque origin.
Parton
From Old English pere (“pear”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Ehrlich
Borrowed from German Ehrlich, from ehrlich (“honest, honorable”).
Harr
* As a North German surname, from variants/ancestors of the noun Heer (“army”), similar to Herbert, Hermann.
* As an English surname, variant of Hare.
Guadarrama
Borrowed from Spanish Guadarrama, derived from Arabic وَادِي اَلرَّمْل (wādī r-raml, literally “the sand river”).
Benefield
Recorded as Beringafeld in the Cartularium Saxonicum, the placename derives from the Old English personal name Bera + -ing (“belonging to”) + feld (“field”). The -n- in the present name is most probably due to Anglo-Norman assimilation.
Schick
* As a German and Jewish surname, from the adjective Schick (“well-mannered, proper”) (see below). This is also borrowed into Czech as Šik, compare Sik.
* Also as a German surname, variant of Schiek, itself a variant of Schieck, from Middle High German schiec (“twisted, crooked”) (compare modern schief).
Compare Shick, Sheek.
Quiroga
Borrowed from Galician Quiroga, from the town of Quiroga, Galicia.
Grimaldo
From the Spanish and Italian surname, of Germanic origin, corresponding to Proto-West Germanic *grimm (“mask”) + *waldan (“rule”).
Baumgardner
Borrowed from German Baumgartner, influenced by Gardner.
Kuhl
From the German surname, from the noun Kuhle (“hollow, cave”). Also from the adjective kühl (“cool, fresh”).
Buckman
From either of two derivations:
# Old English bucca (“he-goat”) + mann (“man”), to denote a goat-keeper.
# Old English bōc (“book”) + mann (“man”), to denote a student or scholar, or else a book-copier or bookbinder.
Jaffe
Borrowed from Hebrew יפה (yafé, “beautiful, comely”).
Crabb
* As an English and Scottish surname, from the noun crab (both senses)
* As a German, Dutch, and occasionally Danish surname, spelling variant of Krabbe.
Frizzell
* As an English and Irish surname, from Old French frisel (“ribbon, tassel, fringe”), a nickname for someone with an ornate style of dress; see frise (“border, frieze”).
* As a Scottish surname, from Anglo-Norman fresel (“strawberry”) (see fraise).
* Also as a Scottish surname, Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Friseal, a Gaelicized form of Fraser.
Lally
Two main origins:
* Reduced form of Mullally, a surname of Irish origin.
* Borrowed from French L'Ally or a variant of Laly.
Prendergast
From the Irish and Welsh surname, perhaps derived from a now lost settlement in Flanders called Brontegeest. This surname was then brought to England through the Norman Conquest.
Palafox
Borrowed from Spanish, probably a habitational surname referring to Palafolls, Catalonia.
Tyrrell
Perhaps from a Norman nickname for a stubborn person, from Old French tirel (“an animal which pulls on the reins”), a derivative of tirer (“to pull”). Woulfe suggests that it may be from the personal name Thurold or Þorvaldr, from Old Norse Þórr (“Thor”) + valdr (“rule”).
Claxton
From either the Old Norse personal name Klakkr or Old English clacc (“hill, peak”) + -s- + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Hamill
Of multiple origins, but chiefly a reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó hÁdhmaill (“descendant of Ádhmall”), a nickname from ádhmall (“active”).
Iqbal
From Arabic إِقْبَال (ʔiqbāl).
Pelton
From the Old English personal name *Peola + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Meng
From non-English surnames:
* From Khmer មេង (meing)
* From Mandarin 孟 (Mèng).
* From German Meng
From German Meng.
Lerna
Borrowed from Latin Lerna, from Ancient Greek Λέρνη (Lérnē).
Madigan
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Madagáin (“descendant of Madagán”), a variant of the personal name Madadhán, which is from madadh (“dog”) + -án (“diminutive suffix”).
Theisen
Borrowed from German, Danish and Norwegian Theisen, a patronymic surname from a reduced form of the personal name Matthias.
Dilley
Possibly a pet form of an unrecorded Old English personal name *Dylla, found in placenames such as Dillington or Dilton.
Carmody
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Cearmada (“descendant of Cearmaid”), a personal name of unknown origin.
Suter
English, Dutch, and Swiss/Alemannic German surname, from Suter, from Middle High German sūter, from Old High German sūtāri, from Proto-West Germanic *sūtārī (“shoemaker”), borrowed from Latin sūtor (“cobbler”); ultimately from Latin sūo (“sew, stitch”). Related to English suture, which also comes from Latin.
Compare Sauter, Souter, Sooter, Sutor, Sutter.
Kwong
Borrowed from Cantonese 鄺／邝 (kwong3).
Worsham
From the Old English personal name Wulfmǣr + -s- + hām (“homestead”).
Tolson
* As an English surname, from Middle English personal name Tolle (see Towle) + -son.
* Also as an English surname, from the place Toulston in Yorkshire.
Arbogast
Southwest German and French surname, of Germanic origin, corresponding to Proto-West Germanic *arbī (“inheritance”) + *gasti (“stranger”).
Elizalde
Borrowed from Spanish Elizalde, a habitational surname from Basque.
Laroche
French surname, from several placenames or nicknames from la roche (“the rock”). Compare Roche.
Honaker
From German Honacker, from Middle High German hōch (“high”) (with dative -n) and acker (“field”).
Pridgen
Possibly from Old French preux (“wise; brave”) + Jehan (“John”).
Karp
* As a German, Polish, and Jewish surname, from Yiddish and German Karpfen (“carp”).
* As a German, Polish, and Russian surname, reduced from the Koine Greek saint names Καρπόφορος (Karpóphoros, “fruit-bearing”) and Πολύκαρπος (Polúkarpos, “rich in fruit”), from πολυ- (polu-) + καρπός (karpós).
Sokol
From several Slavic languages, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *sokolъ (“falcon”).
Appleby
From Old English æppel (“apple”) and Old Norse býr (“farm, town”), from the root of the verb Old Norse búa (“to dwell”).
Lejeune
Borrowed from French Lejeune, from le + jeune, inherited from Middle French jeune. From Middle French le, from Old French le, from Latin illum, from ille. From Old French juene, juefne, from Vulgar Latin *iŏvenem, from Latin iuvenem.
Shrestha
Borrowed from Nepali श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha, “excellent”).
Nordstrom
Borrowed from Swedish Nordström, an ornamental surname composed of the elements nord (“north”) and ström (“stream”) .
Bracey
English habitational surname of Norman origin, from either of two places in France called Brécy.
Halloran
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó hAllmhuráin (“descendant of Allmhurán”), a personal name derived from a hypocoristic form of allmhurach (“foreigner”).
Saad
From Arabic ص (ṣ).
From Arabic سَعْد (saʕd).
Bushey
From Old English bysċe (“bush, thicket”), with possible influence from Old French boisseie (“woodland”).
Pfister
South German and Alemannic German surname, from the noun Pfister (“baker”).
Agarwal
Borrowed from Hindi अगरवाल (agarvāl).
Markey
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Marcaigh (“descendant of Marcach”), a byname from marcach (“rider, horseman, cavalryman”).
Hensel
From German Hänsel or Hensel; see also Hansel, Ansell, Anselm, Henschel.
Beckley
"Becca's wood or clearing", from Old English personal name Becca + lēah (“wood, clearing”).
Aycock
From a pet form of any of various personal names beginning with A- + the Middle English hypocoristic suffix -cok. Compare, for example, Adcock, Alcock, Hancock, Wilcock.
Galdamez
Borrowed from Spanish Galdámez, Castilianized form of Basque Galdames, a habitational surname. This surname is mostly found in El Salvador.
Delano
Americanized form of French Delannoy, from Old French de (“from”) + Lannoy (the name of several places in France and Belgium), from l (“the”) + Latin alnētum (“alderwood”), from alnus (“alder”) + -ētum (“place”).
Schaaf
From the German surname, from Schafe (“sheep”). Also compare Schaap.
Dhillon
Borrowed from Punjabi ਢਿੱਲੋਂ (ḍhillõ), ablative of Punjabi ਢਿੱਲ (ḍhilla). Ultimately from Prakrit 𑀠𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (ḍhilla), of unknown substrate origin.
Wortham
From Old English worþ (“enclosure”) + hām (“homestead”).
Decastro
From Spanish de Castro, a common Filipino surname, but also a Hispanic surname.
Skeen
From the Scottish Gaelic surname, from sceathan (“thorn bush”), from Proto-Celtic *skʷiyats (“hawthorn”), from Proto-Indo-European *skw-iy-h₂e-ts, from *skwey-.
Elwell
From Old English hæl (“omen”) + wielle (“well, spring”), presumably in reference to a pagan river worship.
Wieland
German, Alemannic German, and Jewish surname, from Wieland, the German reflex of the legendary craftsman Wayland the Smith in Germanic folklore, from Old High German Wiolant, from Proto-Germanic *Wēlanduz.
Brehm
South German surname, from the noun Bremse (“gadfly”). Also from
placenames such as Bremgarten or Bremkamp, where the first element is the archaic *brām (“bramble, broom”).
Wyckoff
Borrowed from Dutch Wyckoff, from wijk (“district”) + hof (“farmstead”).
Riddell
Scottish and English surname from the Norman personal name Ridel, of uncertain origin; possibly of Germanic origin, from the root of ride, or from Old French ridel (“small hill”), a diminutive of ride (“fold”), itself from Germanic.
Steger
* As a German surname for someone who lived near a steep path, from Steiger (“one who ascends”). This surname is also very common in Slavic countries.
* As an English surname, variant of Stigger, Sticker (from the noun sticker, referring to several uses of "one who sticks").
Kahl
German surname, from the adjective kahl (“bald”).
Also from Kahl am Main in Lower Franconia, itself named after the River Kahl, from Old High German kaldaha (literally “the cold river”), from kalt (“cold”) + aha (“river”).
Compare Cale.
Eubank
Topographic surname, from Old English īw (“yew”) + banc (“bank, hillock, embankment”).
Mak
* As a Chinese surname, borrowed from Cantonese 麥／麦 (mak6).
* As a Polish surname, borrowed from Polish Mak, or shortened from Polish Makary.
* As a Ukrainian surname, shortened from Ukrainian Макар (Makar).
* As a Hungarian surname, shortened from Hungarian Makár.
Warnock
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Giolla Mhearnóg (“son of the servant of (Saint) Mearnóg”), the patron saint of Kilmarnock.
Matz
From the German surname, pet forms of Mattheus and Matthias; see Matthew.
Lalonde
Borrowed from French Lalonde, from Norman Lalonde, from Old Norse lundr (“woods”).
Dishman
Americanized form of North German Dischmann, an occupational surname for a joiner.
Gehring
From the German and Alemannic German surname, from Gehring, a short form of Gerhard; equivalent to Gerard + -ing.
nejayote
Borrowed from Spanish nejayote, from a Nahuan language; cf. Guerrero Nahuatl nexayotl, Tlamacazapa Nahuatl nexayotl, Pipil nexāyut.
Ambika
From Sanskrit अम्बिका (ambikā, “mother, good woman”).
Brotherton
From Old English brōþor (“brother”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement”). Compare Bretherton.
Arrieta
Borrowed from Spanish Arrieta, from Basque Arrieta (literally “rocky place”).
Messner
Jewish and south German occupational surname for a churchwarden, from Middle High German mesnære, from Old High German mesināri, from Late Latin mansionarius, a derivative of mansio (“abode, dwelling”). Compare Mesner. This is also Slavicized as Slovene Mežnar (see Meznarich).
Frisch
* As a German and North Germanic surname, from a pet form of Friedrich. Compare Fritz.
* Also as a German and Jewish surname, from the adjective frisch.
Haworth
From Old English haga (“enclosure, yard; hedge”) + worþ (“enclosure”).
Calzada
Borrowed from Spanish Calzada, from calzada. Doublet of Causey.
Gottschalk
From German, Jewish, and Danish surname, equivalent to Gott (“god”) + Schalk (“servant”).
Elwood
From the Middle English personal name Elwald, Elwold, Alwold, which is composed of the Old English elements ælf (“elf”) and weald (“rule”).
Zhong
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 忠 (Zhōng).
Haug
* As a German surname, variant of Hugo, which shares the same origin as Hugh. Compare Hauck.
* As a Norwegian surname, from Old Norse haugr (“hill mound”).
Langan
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Longáin (“descendant of Longán”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of long (“tall”) or long (“ship”), thus a nickname for a seafarer.
Musgrave
From Old English mūs (“mouse”) + grāf (“grove”).
Gebhardt
Borrowed from German Gebhardt, from the old Germanic elements *geban (“to give (a gift)”) + *hard(ī) (“hardy, brave, strong”).
Sorrentino
From Italian Sorrentino, from sorrentino (“Sorrentine”), ultimately from Latin Surrentum (“Sorrento”).
Toland
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Tuathaláin (“descendant of Tuathalán”), a pet form of the personal name Tuathal.
Gormley
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Gormghail (“descendant of Gormghal”), a personal name based on gorm (“blue”) + gal (“valor”).
Vizcarra
From Spanish Vizcarra, from Basque Bizkarra.
Naves
Various origins:
* Borrowed from Portuguese Naves, a habitational surname.
* Borrowed from Spanish Naves, a habitational surname from Naves (Llanes), in Asturia.
* Borrowed from French Naves, a habitational surname from Naves, Corrèze.
Shih
From Wade–Giles Romanization of Mandarin 石 (shí), 史 (shǐ), 師／师 (shī), 時／时 (shí), 士 (shì), 釋／释 (shì), and 施 (shī). Doublet of Thach.
Habib
From Arabic حبيب (“beloved”).
From Arabic حبيب (“[my] dear”).
Torgerson
Americanized form of Norwegian Torgersen or Sweden/Swedish: Torgerson.
Villalba
From the Spanish surname, from villa (“settlement, farmstead”) + albo (“white”).
Burford
From Old English Beorgford, equivalent to beorg (“mountain”) + ford (“ford”).
Scharf
South German and Jewish surname, from the adjective scharf (“sharp”) or its Yiddish equivalent שאַרף (sharf). Compare Sharp, Sharf, Sarff.
Siu
Borrowed from Cantonese 蕭／萧 (siu1) or 邵 (siu6).
Burciaga
Borrowed from Spanish Burciaga, probably of Basque origin.
Koval
From Ukrainian Коваль (Kovalʹ, “blacksmith”).
Pastrana
Borrowed from Spanish Pastrana. This surname is predominantly found in Puerto Rico.
Cockerham
From the name of the River Cocker + Old English hām (“homestead”).
Aguinaga
Borrowed from Spanish Aguinaga, a habitational surname of Basque origin, from hagin (“yew”) + the suffix -aga.
Sidhu
Borrowed from Punjabi ਸਿੱਧੂ (siddhū).
Dillingham
From Dullingham in East Cambridgeshire, dating back to Old English; from the personal name *Dulla + -ing + ham. The first element may be related to dæl (“divide, separate, pay over”), referring to a dealer.
Fulk
* As an English surname, variant of Foulk, itself related to the noun folk.
* As a German surname, variant of Volk (from the noun Volk (“people”)), Falk (from Falke (“falcon”)).
Southworth
Habitational surname from a minor place in Cheshire, from Old English sūþ (“south”) + worþ (“enclosure”).
Sheehy
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Síthigh (“descendant of Sítheach”), a byname from sítheach (“peaceful”).
Henshaw
From the Old English personal name *Heþin + -s- + healh (“corner, angle, nook”).
Welton
From Old English wella (“well, spring, stream”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Gandara
From Galician Gándara, from gándara (“wetland”).
Maynor
English surname of Norman origin, from a Proto-Germanic personal name composed of the elements *maginą (“power, might”) + *harjaz (“army”). Compare Mayner, Mainer, Manor, Mannor.
Cathcart
From Scottish Gaelic cath (“battle”) + the name of the River Cart.
Rusch
* As a German surname, from Middle Low German rusch (“rushes, reeds”), from Old Saxon rusk, from Proto-West Germanic *ruskijā. Compare Ruesch.
* Also as a German surname Rüsch, shortened from names derived from Old High German hrōd (“fame”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrōþi.
* As a north/Low German surname, from Middle Low German rusch (“quick, hasty, rash”), compare *hurskaz.
* Germanized from Lower Sorbian Roš, see Rosch.
Compare Rush.
Dilworth
A habitational surname from a minor place in Lancashire, from Old English dile (“dill, anise”) + worþ (“enclosure”).
Bowler
English occupational surname for a maker or seller of bowls, dishes and cups, from Middle English bollere.
Ansari
From Arabic أَنْصَارِيّ (ʔanṣāriyy), from أَنْصَار (ʔanṣār, “helpers, supporters”)
jugaad
Borrowed from Hindi जुगाड़ (jugāṛ, “joining or union”), itself cognate to English yoke. There are similar idioms in the Dravidian languages, for example, Malayalam തട്ടിക്കൂട്ട് (taṭṭikkūṭṭŭ, “put together”), Malayalam ഒപ്പീര് (oppīrŭ, “fixing or getting”), or Tamil மழட்டு (maḻaṭṭu, “to distract”), Telugu ఉపాయము (upāyamu).
Bidwell
From Old English byden (“tub, vat”) + wella (“spring, well”).
Moncrief
Scottish habitational surname from a place near Perth, from Scottish Gaelic monadh (“mountain, hill”) + craoibhe, genitive of craobh (“tree”).
Celaya
Borrowed from Spanish Celaya, a habitational surname from Basque Zelaia.
Kwak
From the Korean surname, from 곽 (gwak). More at Kwak. Borrowed also from Polish Kwak.
Maley
* As an Irish surname, variant of Malley, see O'Malley.
* As a Carpathian Rusyn surname, variant of Mljec, from млєц (mljec, “to mill”), from Proto-Slavic *melti.
* As a Czech and Slovak (Malý), Polish (Mały, Maly), and Slovene surname (Mali), from *malъ (“little, small”). Compare Maly.
Dufour
Borrowed from French Dufour, meaning "of the oven". See there for more.
Luker
Either a habitational surname from the village of Lucker, in Northumberland, or an occupational surname for someone who had to watch or look after something, from Middle English lokere (“looker; watchman”).
Spector
From Yiddish ספּעקטאָר (spektor), an occupational surname for a teacher's assistant in a Jewish school.
Shealy
Reduced form of O'Shealy, an Anglicized form of Irish Ó Sealbhaig (“descendant of Sealbhach”), a byname from the adjective sealbhach (“wealthy”).
Medel
From the Spanish surname, possibly from Latin Emetherius, from Ancient Greek ἐμός (emós) + ἀθάνατος (athánatos, “undying, immortal”).