MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
trinary
From Late Latin trīnārius (“consisting of three”), from Latin trīni (“triple, three each”) + -ārius.
triune
PIE word
 *tréyes
Borrowed from New Latin triūnus.
adoratrice
Calque of Egyptian dwꜣt (“adoratrice”), from dwꜣ (“to worship, to praise”) + -t (feminine ending).
hajduk
Borrowed from Hungarian hajdúk, plural of hajdú (“foot-soldier”). The Hungarian word may derive from hajtó which meant “(cattle) drover”. In 16th century Hungary, cattle driving was an important and dangerous occupation and drovers traveled armed. Some of them ended up as bandits or retainers in the service of local landowners and many may have become soldiers. In any case, the term hajdúk came to be used in the 16th century to describe irregular soldiers. There is probably an etymological link between hajdú and the Turkish word haydut, which was used by the Ottomans to describe Hungarian infantry soldiers and has the sense 'outlaw, robber' in modern Turkish usage, though it is not clear whether the word travelled from Hungarian to Turkish or vice versa.
Borrowed from Polish Hajduk.
yatta
Borrowed from Japanese やった (yatta, “hurrah!, I did it!”).
nuncupate
Borrowed from Latin nuncupātus, past participle of nuncupō (“pronounce, name as heir”), contraction of nōmen (“name”) and capiō (“take, seize”).
marla
From Irish marla, from Middle English marle. Doublet of marl.
kabloona
Borrowed from Eastern Canadian Inuktitut ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖅ (qallunaaq, “foreigner”) or Greenlandic kablunâk (“white person, Dane”) (now spelled qallunaaq), or a combination of the two.
kudlik
Borrowed from Greenlandic ĸutdleĸ, now spelled qulleq; cognate to Inuktitut ᖁᓪᓕᖅ (qolliq).
piblokto
Borrowed from an Inuktitut word such as *pivliRuRtuq "is mad, has hysteria or fever".
Dnieper
From French Dnieper, from Russian Днепр (Dnepr), from Old East Slavic Дънѣпръ (Dŭněprŭ), from Proto-Slavic *Dъněprъ, from Proto-Sarmatian *Δānāfr (literally “deep river”). Doublet of Dnipro and Danasper. See also Latin Danapris and Ancient Greek Δάναπρις (Dánapris).
Donbas
From Ukrainian Донба́с (Donbás), abbreviation of Доне́цький басе́йн (Donécʹkyj baséjn, “Donets Basin”), after Доне́ць (Donécʹ, “Donets River”) + басе́йн (baséjn, “basin”). Compare Donbass, from Russian.
Azov
From Russian and Ukrainian Азо́в (Azóv), presumably from Kipchak Azaq (“lowlands”), a name applied to the region around the present town.
Chernivtsi
From Ukrainian Чернівці́ (Černivcí), from the legendary name Чернь (Černʹ). Compare чорний (čornyj, “black”).
Ivano-Frankivsk
From Ukrainian Іва́но-Франкі́вськ (Iváno-Frankívsʹk), after the Ukrainian writer Ivan Franko, Іва́н Франко́ (Iván Frankó).
Kherson
From Ukrainian Херсо́н (Xersón), named in memory of the Ancient Greek colony of Χερσόνησος (Khersónēsos). Compare Russian Херсоне́с (Xersonɛ́s, “the city of Chersonesos”), Old East Slavic Корсу́нь (Korsúnĭ, “Chersonesos”), Russian Херсо́н (Xersón, “Kherson”).
Khmelnytskyi
From Ukrainian Хмельни́цький (Xmelʹnýcʹkyj), after the Ukrainian Cossack Bohdan Khmelnytsky. Derived from хміль (xmilʹ, “hops, humulus”).
Kirovohrad
From Ukrainian Кіровогра́д (Kirovohrád), after Bolshevik leader Sergey Kirov + град (hrad, “walled city”). Compare Russian Кировогра́д (Kirovográd).
Simferopol
From Ukrainian Сімферо́поль (Simferópolʹ) and Russian Симферо́поль (Simferópolʹ), from Ancient Greek Συμφερούπολις (Sumpheroúpolis), from συμφέρων (sumphérōn, “to be useful”) + πόλις (pólis, “city, city-state”).
Ternopil
From Ukrainian Терно́піль (Ternópilʹ).
Vinnytsia
Borrowed from Ukrainian Ві́нниця (Vínnycja).
Uzhhorod
From Ukrainian У́жгород (Úžhorod), from Уг (Uh), Уж (Už, “Uzh River”) + го́род (hórod, “walled town, garden”).
Zhitomir
Borrowed from Russian Жито́мир (Žitómir), after a legendary Slavic prince. Compare Ukrainian Жито́мир (Žytómyr, “Zhytomyr”).
Volyn
Borrowed from Ukrainian Воли́нь (Volýnʹ).
Zakarpattia
From Ukrainian Закарпа́ття (Zakarpáttja, “Transcarpathia”), from за- (za-, “beyond”) + Карпа́ти (Karpáty, “Carpathians”) + -ття (-ttja, “denoting a place”).
Havarti
From Danish havarti. Named in 1952 after Havartigården near Holte, where the Danish cheese pioneer Hanne Nielsen worked in the 19th century.
Gujjar
From Hindi गूजर (gūjar)/गुज्जर (gujjar), from Sanskrit गुर्जर (gurjara). Compare Gujarat.
machicote
Borrowed from Ojibwe majigoodenh (“dress”), from Proto-Algonquian *-iko·tay (“skirt”), with an empty prefix and contemptive suffix.
manitou
From Pidgin Delaware Manétto, from Unami manëtu and Munsee manútoow, later influenced by French manitou, from Cree/Montagnais manito꞉w; from Proto-Algonquian *maneto·wa (“supernatural being”).
Mississauga
From French Mississague, from Ojibwe misizaagii (“inhabitant of large river mouth”) (with reference to the area where the Mississauga River drains into Lake Huron). Doublet of massasauga.
quickhatch
From East Cree *ᑸᐦᑾᐦᐋᒉᐤ (*kwiihkwahaacew) (modern Cree ᑮᐦᑿᐦᐋᐦᑫᐤ (kiihkwahaahkew, “wolverine”); compare Ojibwe gwiingwa'aage); assimilated to quick + hatch, omitting the middle syllable present in older forms.
mundu
From Malayalam മുണ്ട് (muṇṭŭ).
angakkuq
From (Eastern Canadian) Inuktitut ᐊᖓᑦᑯᖅ (angatkoq), ᐊᖓᒃᑯᖅ (angakkoq).
Sinai
From Vulgate Latin Sinai, from Ancient Greek Σινάι (Sinái), from Hebrew סִינַי (Sináy).
Jedidiah
Borrowed from Hebrew יְדִידְיָה (“beloved of Yahweh”).
strengthless
From Middle English strengthles, streintheles, strencthelæs, equivalent to strength + -less.
eulachon
Borrowed from Chinook Jargon ulakan, from Clatsop Chinook.
capelin
Borrowed from Middle French capelan, from Provençal and Old Occitan capelan, from Late Latin cappellānus (“chaplain”). Doublet of chaplain.
dung heap
From earlier dungheap, from Middle English donghēp (“dungheap”), equivalent to dung + heap. Compare dunghill.
verbalise
Partly from Middle French verbaliser and partly from verbal + -ise.
truthless
From Middle English trewðeleas, equivalent to truth + -less. Piecewise doublet of trothless.
dulosis
From Ancient Greek δοῦλος (doûlos, “servant, slave, thrall”) + -osis.
Mateo
From Spanish Mateo, from Latin Matthaeus, from Ancient Greek Ματθαῖος (Matthaîos), from Hebrew מַתִּתְיָהוּ (mattiṯyāhū). Doublet of Matthew.
Francisca
From Portuguese and Spanish Francisca, from Latin Francisca. Doublet of Frances.
ruffe
From Middle English ruff(e), roffe (“a saltwater fish, esp. of the family Sparidae; the freshwater fish Gymnocephalus cernua”), of uncertain origin. Theories include:
* Perhaps an alteration of rough, referring to its scales.
* Perhaps from Latin rufus (“red”), referring to the colour of some Sparidae fish.
Crigan
Anglicized from Irish Ó Croidheagáin.
benne
From Malay bene, or possibly from Wolof or Eastern Maninkakan.
Borrowed from North German Benne, a variant of the surname Benn. Borrowed also from French Benne, a metonymic occupational surname for the maker or driver of a cart.
amin
From Arabic أَمِين (ʔamīn).
Borrowed from Arabic أَمِين (ʔamīn).
prosencephalon
From pros- + encephalon. pros- is from Ancient Greek πρόσω (prósō).
qursh
From Arabic قِرْش (qirš). Doublet of kurus, grosz, groschen, and grush.
rackie
A diminutive ( + -ie) formed from Middle English rak, rack, rakke (“parrel”), from Old English racca (“parrel”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakkō, from Proto-Germanic *rakkô (“rope, cord”), from Proto-Indo-European *reǵ- (“to tie, bind”). Cognate with dialectal Norwegian rakke (“parrel”).
Edmonchuk
Edmonton + -chuk, a suffix from Ukrainian surnames, from Ukrainian -чук (-čuk), in reference to Edmonton's large proportion of residents of Ukrainian ancestry.
Radnor
From Radnorshire, former county in Wales. Originally from Old English rēad + ōra (“red bank”).
raik
From Middle English rake (“path”), from Old Norse rák (“trail”), from Proto-Germanic *rēkō, *raką, *rakō, *rakǭ (“file of tracks, line”), from Proto-Indo-European *(o)reg'-, *(o)reg'a- (“to straighten, direct”). Cognate with Icelandic rák (“streak, grazing”), Icelandic raka (“strip, series”), Norwegian røk (“grazing”), Norwegian rak (“wick”), Old English race, racu (“a run, riverbed”).
Syntyche
From Ancient Greek Συντύχη (Suntúkhē, “fortunate”), from συν- (sun-, “with”) + τύχη (túkhē, “fate”).
Hornsby
From places in England, from genitive singular of the Old Norse given name Ormr (“serpent”) + býr (“settlement”).
Rajkumari
Borrowed from Hindi राजकुमारी (rājkumārī).
rakhi
Borrowed from Hindi राखी (rākhī, “a rakhi”), from Sanskrit रक्षिका (rakṣikā, “a rakhi”), from रक्षा (rakṣā, “care, guarding, preservation, protection; a rakhi”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lek- (“to protect”).
Borrowed from Sanskrit राखी (rākhī).
emendate
From the Latin ēmendātus (“corrected”), the perfect passive participle of ēmendō (“to free from faults, correct”).
Novosibirsk
From Russian Новосиби́рск (Novosibírsk), from но́вый (nóvyj, “new”) and Сиби́рь (Sibírʹ, “Siberia”).
Novgorod
From Russian Но́вгород (Nóvgorod, “Newtown”). Doublet of Novigrad.
Neva
Etymology tree
Russian Нева́ (Nevá)bor.
English Neva
From Russian Нева́ (Nevá), from Finnic (compare Finnish neva).
Ryukyu
From Japanese 琉球 (Ryūkyū), from Middle Chinese 流求 (MC ljuw gjuw), a Chinese exonym for the island kingdom, of unclear origin. Doublet of Liuqiu.
Izanagi
Borrowed from Japanese 伊邪那岐 (いざなぎ, Izanagi).
Izanami
Borrowed from Japanese 伊邪那美 (いざなみ, Izanami).
Amaterasu
Borrowed from Japanese 天照 (Amaterasu), from 天 (ama, “sky, the heavens”) + 照らす (terasu, “to illuminate something”).
Hieronymus
From Latin Hierōnymus, from Ancient Greek Ἱερώνυμος (Hierṓnumos, “holy name”). Doublet of Jerome.
Volgograd
Borrowed from Russian Волгогра́д (Volgográd). Named after the Volga River.
Yaroslavl
Borrowed from Russian Яросла́вль (Jaroslávlʹ).
Yenisei
Borrowed from Russian Енисе́й (Jeniséj) from Old Kyrgyz Эне-Сай (Ene-Say, “mother river”) or from Evenki Ионэсси (Ionəssi, “big water”). See more detail
coto
From Spanish coto (“half-span, quarter-cubit”), supposedly a variant of codo (“Spanish cubit”), from Vulgar Latin forms of Latin cubitum (“elbow, Roman cubit”), but more probably a development of or influenced by Latin quārtus (“a fourth”) from its use as a fourth of the cubit or Latin quattuor (“four”) from its approximation of the span across four fingers.
mealie
Borrowed from Afrikaans mielie, from obsolete Dutch milie (“millet, maize”), from Old French mil (“millet”).
longue-vue
From French longue-vue; Literally, “long view”. From longue (“long”) + vue (“view”).
unguis
From Latin unguis (“nail, claw, hoof”). Doublet of onyx.
caligo
Borrowed from Latin cālīgō (“darkness”). Doublet of garua.
Capitoline
From Latin Capitolīnus (adj. & n.), from Capitolium (“Capitoline Hill”) + -inus (“-ine: forming adjectives”), from the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (“forming nouns”) or -ōlus (“-ole: forming diminutives”) + -ium (“forming location names”).
tripton
From Ancient Greek τριπτός (triptós, “rubbed off matter”) + -on.
tega
From Galician tega, variant of earlier talega, from Andalusian Arabic تَعْلِيقَة (taʕlíqa, “hanging thing”).
gular
From gula (“upper throat”) + -ar (suffix forming adjectives). Gula is derived from Latin gula (“gullet, throat; palate”).
Borrowed from Hindi गूलर (gūlar).
Scanlon
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Scannláin (“descendant of Scannlán”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of Scannal. Compare Scannell.
glyptodont
From Ancient Greek γλυπτός (gluptós) + -odont.
acequia
From Spanish acequia, from Arabic الساقیة (“water conduit”), ultimately from Classical Arabic سَقَى (saqā, “to irrigate”). Doublet of sakia.
Johnsen
Borrowed from Danish Johnsen, patronymic from John + -sen.
spier
Inherited from Middle English spier, spyer, spiar, equivalent to spy + -er. Compare Dutch verspieder and bespieder (“spier”), German Späher (“spier”). Compare also Danish spejde (“spy”), Swedish speja (“spy”).
freak of nature
From lusus naturae, from Latin lūsus nātūrae (literally “sport of nature”), originally used to explain fossils or abnormalities such as two-headed snakes.
darnel
From Middle English darnel, dernel, from Old Northern French darnelle ( > dialectal French dernelle, darnette), of Germanic origin, possibly Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to harm, injure”). Displaced native Old English boþen.
Related to Walloon darne, derne (“stunned, dazed, drunk”), Middle Dutch verdarnt, verdaernt (“stunned, dumbfounded, angry”). The association with being dazed or drunkenness is due to the well-known intoxicating effects of the plant.
Savitr
From Sanskrit सवितृ (savitṛ, “stimulator, rouser, vivifier”).
bek
Borrowed from Russian бек (bek). Doublet of bey and beg.
barszcz
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰers-
Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥s-t-yós
Proto-Balto-Slavic *burštjás
Proto-Slavic *bъ̃rščь
Old Polish barszcz
Polish barszczubor.
English barszcz
Unadapted borrowing from Polish barszcz. Doublet of borscht.
anosognosia
From a- (“not”) + noso- (“disease”) + -gnosia (“knowledge”), from Ancient Greek ἁ- (ha-) + νόσος (nósos) + γνῶσις (gnôsis).
gley
1920s, from Ukrainian ґлей (glej, “clayey soil”), from Proto-Slavic *glьjь, from Proto-Indo-European *gl̥h₁y-ó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁y-. Cognate of clay.
From Scots.
Dunstan
From the name of a 10th century Archbishop of Canterbury, from Old English dunn (“dark”) + stān (“stone”).
bubale
PIE word
 *gʷṓws
From Latin būbalus, from Ancient Greek βούβαλος (boúbalos). Doublet of buffalo and buffle.
avizandum
From Late Latin avizō (“consider”), from Latin a + vīsō (“look carefully”).
quindecim
From Medieval Latin quindecima (“15th”), from quindecim (“15”). In reference to 2-week periods, based upon the Roman and medieval practice of counting inclusively.
ab extra
First attested in the mid 17th century. Learned borrowing from Latin ab extra (literally “from outside”) From Late Latin ab (“from”) extra (“outside”).
spam musubi
From spam + musubi, from Japanese 結び (musubi, “rice ball”).
optate
First attested in 1611; borrowed from Latin optātus, perfect passive participle of optō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Doublet of opt.
renunciate
From Latin renuntiātus, past participle of Latin renūntiāre. Doublet of renounce.
arval
Etymology tree
Old Norse arfr
Old Norse öl
Old Norse erfiǫlder.
Middle English arvellder.
English arval
From Middle English arvell, from Old Norse erfiǫl (“a funeral feast”), from arfr (“inheritance”) + öl (“ale”). Cognate with Danish arveøl (“a wake, funeral feast”). More at erf, ale.
koulan
Borrowed from Russian кулан (kulan, “Asiatic wild ass”), ultimately from Turkic. Compare Ottoman Turkish قولان (kulan, “wild ass”), Kyrgyz кулан (kulan), Kazakh құлан (qūlan), Karakalpak qulan, Nogai кулан (kulan), Bashkir ҡолан (qolan), Tatar колан (qolan), Uyghur قۇلان (qulan), Chagatai قولان (qwlān /⁠qulan⁠/) and Mongolian хулан (xulan), a Turkic borrowing.
lande
From Middle English lande, londe (dative form), from Old English lande, dative singular of Old English land (“land”).
Borrowed from French lande, from Middle French lande, from Old French lande (“clearing in a wood, leigh; remote wooded area”). Doublet of lawn and land.
penultima
From Latin, from pēnultimus, paenultimus (“the last but one”).
traverse
From Middle English traversen, from Old French traverser, from Latin trans (“across”) + versus (“turned”), perfect passive participle of Latin vertere (“to turn”).
Borrowed from French Traverse.
koloa
Borrowed from Hawaiian koloa, from Proto-Polynesian *toloa (“duck”).
pignorate
From Medieval Latin pignoratus, variant of earlier Latin pignerātus (“pledged, guaranteed”).
From Medieval Latin pignoro, variant of earlier Latin pignerō (“to pledge, to guarantee”).
sophistically
From Middle English sofisticali, sofistically, sofisticaly, sophisticali, sophystycallye; equivalent to sophistical + -ly.
sophistic
Learned borrowing from Latin sophisticus, borrowing of Ancient Greek σοφιστικός (sophistikós). Equivalent to sophist + -ic and sophism + -istic.
contorniate
From Italian contorniato, present participle of contorniare (“to make a circuit or outline”).
trapo
Contraction of traditional politician; also influenced by Tagalog trapo (“rag”), from Spanish trapo.
Perm
Borrowed from Russian Пермь (Permʹ), probably from a Proto-Finno-Permic (Uralic) stem; compared to Estonian põrand, dialectal põrmand (“floor, ground”) by P. Alvre in Keel ja Kirjandus No 7, 1981, pp. 407-413. Compare Bjarmaland.
Appears on western maps as latinized Permia in the late 16th century (Mercator (1595)). The Russian city of Perm is a modern foundation, established under Peter I in 1723.
huissier
Borrowed from French huissier. Doublet of usher and possibly ostiary.
troublous
Inherited from Middle English troublous, from Anglo-Norman troublous and Middle French troubleus, corresponding to trouble + -ous.
Surya
From Sanskrit सूर्य (sū́rya, “the sun or its deity”). Doublet of sun.
milfoil
From Old French milfoil (modern French mille-feuille), from Latin millefolium, from mīlle + folium. Doublet of mille-feuille.
bedstraw
From Middle English bedstraw, bedstrau, bedde-straw, equivalent to bed + straw.
colocynth
From Latin colocynthis, from Ancient Greek κολοκυνθίς (kolokunthís), ultimately Pre-Greek.
germander
Late Middle English, from French germandrée, itself from Latin chamaedrys, from Ancient Greek χαμαίδρῡς (khamaídrūs, literally “ground-oak”).
diluvium
Learned borrowing from Latin dīluvium (“flood”), from lavō (“to wash”). Doublet of deluge.
corporative
From Latin corporātīvus, from the participle stem of corporō (“to embody”).
tenuis
Unadapted borrowing from Latin tenuis (“thin, fine; weak”). Doublet of thin.
decrescent
From decressant, from Anglo-Norman [Term?], present participle of decreistre (“to decrease”).
obscuration
From Latin obscūrātiō. By surface analysis, obscure + -ation.
deedless
From deed + -less; obsolete sense is from earlier dadless, probably from Old Norse dáðlauss (“without virtue, incapable, lacking in courage and drive, despicable, cowardly”). Cognate with Danish dådløs (“non-heroic”), Swedish dådlös (“listless, shiftless”).
herb bennet
From Middle English herbe-benet, from Old French herbe beneite (“blessed herb”) (because of its medicinal properties).
begetter
From Middle English begetare, begettare, biȝetere, equivalent to beget + -er.
usufruct
From Late Latin ūsufrūctus, from ūsus + frūctus (“usage of the fruits of production”). Cognate with French usufruit, Italian usufrutto, usofrutto, Occitan usufrug, Portuguese usufruto, Spanish usufructo.
stegodont
From the genus name †Stegodon, referring to the shape of the molars: from Ancient Greek στέγη (stégē)/στέγος (stégos, “roof”) and ὀδούς (odoús, “tooth”). Doublet of stegodon.
deinothere
From scientific Latin Deinotherium, Dinotherium (genus names), from Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós, “fearful, terrible”) + θηρίον (thēríon, “wild beast”).
mithril
Coined by J. R. R. Tolkien in his constructed language Sindarin as mithril, from mith (“pale grey”) + a derivative of the Primitive Elvish root *ril- (‘brilliant light, glitter’).
mirepoix
Borrowed from French mirepoix, named after Gaston de Lévis, duc de Mirepoix (1699–1757).
From French Mirepoix.
cooptate
First attested in 1623; borrowed from Latin cooptātus, perfect passive participle of cooptō (“to elect”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from co- + optō (“to choose”).
Kamadeva
Borrowed from Sanskrit कामदेव (kā́ma-deva).
bhakti
From Sanskrit भक्ति (bhaktí).
Borrowed from Sanskrit भक्ति (bhakti).
sequacious
Derived from Latin sequāx (“a follower”), from sequī (“to follow”), + -ious (adjective-forming suffix).
childly
From Middle English childly, childlich, childli, from Old English ċildlīċ (“childly, childlish”), equivalent to child + -ly.
tarbagan
Borrowed from Russian тарбаган (tarbagan), from Southern Altai (Teleut) тарбаган (tarbagan), ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *tarbagan.
opsimath
From the Ancient Greek ὀψιμαθής (opsimathḗs, “late in learning”), ultimately from ὀψέ (opsé, “late”) and μανθάνω (manthánō, “I learn”); compare opsimathy, philomath, and polymath. First appears c. 1808 in The Gentleman's Magazine.
gharial
From Hindi घड़ियाल (ghaṛiyāl). Doublet of gavial.
Jammu
From Hindustani جَمُّوں (jammū̃) / जम्मू (jammū), ultimately from Sanskrit जम्बू (jambū). Traditionally considered to be named after Raja Jambulochan.
Vasu
Borrowed from Sanskrit वसु (vásu, “dwelling, dweller”).
jook
From Cantonese 粥 (zuk1) and Korean 죽 (juk). Doublet of zhou and juk.
From Gullah juke, jook, joog (“wicked, disorderly”).
From Jamaican Creole jook, from Fula jukka (“to poke”).
terzetto
From Italian terzetto, diminutive of Italian terzo (“the third”), from Latin tertius. See tierce.
diaspore
From Ancient Greek διασπείρω (diaspeírō, “to scatter”), describing its decrepitation on heating.
gelateria
Borrowed from Italian gelateria, from gelato (“ice cream”) + -eria (“-ery”).
knar
From Middle English knarre (“a crag; twisted rock; knot in wood”), probably from Old English *cnearra, which could be related to cnotta.
Cognate with Dutch knar, knor (“gnarl, knot”), German Low German Knurre, Knur (“knot in wood”), German Knorren (“knot in wood”). Related also to English knurl and gnarl.
vendaval
From Galician vendaval, Spanish vendaval, or a related term.
divagation
Nominalization of divagate (from the Latin verb divagare) + -ion (from the Latin suffix -io).
swallet
Compare German Schwall (“a sea swell”), from schwellen (“to swell”). See English swell.
dactylus
Unadapted borrowing from Latin dactylus. Doublet of dactyl and date.
Dogger Bank
From 1660s; origin obscure, but see Dutch dogger (“fishing boat for cod or haddock”) and bank (“shallow part of sea near coast”). Compare Dutch Doggersbank, Danish Doggerbanke, German Doggerbank.
polymyodian
From Ancient Greek πολυ- (polu-, “many, much”) + μυώδης (muṓdēs, “muscular”) + -ian.
colubrid
From translingual Colubridae, from the genus translingual Coluber, from Latin coluber (“snake”).
pungence
From Latin pungēns, present participle of pungō (“to sting”).
shalk
From Middle English schalk, scalk, from Old English scealc (“servant; man, soldier, sailor”), from Proto-West Germanic *skalk, from Proto-Germanic *skalkaz (“servant, knight”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to cleave, separate, part, divide”). Cognate with German Schalk (“joker”), Old Norse skálkr (“servant, rogue”) ( > Danish and Swedish skalk), Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌺𐍃 (skalks, “servant”).
prosodia
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek προσόδια (prosódia).
patteran
From Romani patrin (“leaf”), perhaps specifically from an inflected form like Vlax Romani pateryánsa.
quartern
From Middle English quartern, quarteroun, quartroun, from Anglo-Norman quatroun (“quarter of a hundred”), from Old French quarter (“fourth”).
paclitaxel
From Pac(ific yew) + Latin (brevifo)li(a) + -taxel (“alteration of taxol”).
anagrammatism
Either from Middle French anagrammatisme or Ancient Greek ἀναγραμματισμός (anagrammatismós).
anagrammatist
From anagrammatism or anagrammatize + -ist, perhaps modelled on French anagrammatiste.
anagrammatise
From Ancient Greek ἀναγραμματίζω (anagrammatízō).
phall
Likely from Bengali ফাল (phal), metathesis of লাফ (laph), from Sanskrit लम्फ (lampha).
Borrowed from Bengali ফাল (phal).
demark
From French démarquer, from New Latin *demarcō (“to mark off, set the bounds of, bound”), from Latin dē- (“off”) + Medieval Latin marcō (“to mark”), from marca (“bound, mark, march”). By surface analysis, de- + mark. See mark, march.
Altered spelling of French Demarcq, or alternatively an Americanized form of Italian De Marco.
Mahometan
From Renaissance Latin Mahomētānus. By surface analysis, Mahomet + -an.
miswrite
From Middle English miswriten, from Old English miswrītan, misƿrītan (“to write incorrectly; make a mistake in writing; miswrite”), equivalent to mis- + write.
carrot cake
The Singaporean senses are calque of Hokkien 菜頭粿 /菜头粿 (chhài-thâu-kóe / chhài-thâu-ké / chhài-thâu-kér, literally “radish cake”), which may have arisen from a confusion between Hokkien 菜頭 /菜头 (chhài-thâu, “radish”) and 紅菜頭 /红菜头 (âng-chhài-thâu, “carrot”, literally “red radish”).
laika
From Russian ла́йка (lájka, “laika”, literally “barker”).
boobook
From Dharug bokbok (imitative of the primary call of the Australian boobook, Ninox boobook).
corbicula
A learned borrowing from Latin corbicula, diminutive of corbis, a basket. Doublet of corbeil.
contravallation
By surface analysis, contra- + vallation (“rampart”). Possibly from French contrevallation or Italian contravvallazione; in any case, from Latin contrā + vallātiō (from vallare (“to surround with a rampart”), from vallum (“rampart”)).