MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
when shrimps whistle
Calque of Russian когда рак (на горе) свистнет (kogda rak (na gore) svistnet, “when the crawfish whistles (on the mountain)”)
Gorni Lipovikj
From Macedonian Горни Липовиќ (Gorni Lipoviḱ). Compare Gornji Lipovac.
Dolni Lipovikj
From Macedonian Долни Липовиќ (Dolni Lipoviḱ). Compare Donji Lipovac.
Lipovich
From Serbo-Croatian Lipović, in some forms via intermediate sources. Compare Lipkvich.
bullet climb
Calque of Japanese 弾丸登山 (dangan tozan).
Ongpin
The street, former Calle Sacristia, was renamed after Roman Ongpin, whose surname is from Hokkien 王彬 (Ông Pin), the surname and part of the given name of the Hokkien Chinese name of Roman Ongpin's father, Simon Ongpinco, known in Hokkien as 王翼彬 (Ông Ia̍k-pin).
Sakartvelo
Borrowed from Georgian საქართველო (sakartvelo).
trypograph
From Ancient Greek τρῦπα (trûpa, “hole”), compare Ancient Greek τρυπάω (trupáō, “bore”), + -graph.
tekiah
Borrowed from Hebrew תְּקִיעָה (t'ki'á).
Stagsden
Perhaps from the Old Norse personal name Stakkr, probably a nickname from stakkr (“stack”), + -s- + Old English denu (“valley”).
Stevington
From the unrecorded Old English personal name *Stȳfa + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Biddenham
From the Old English personal name Bieda + hām (“home; village”).
Tamilan
Borrowed from Tamil தமிழன் (tamiḻaṉ), likely influenced by similarity to Tamilian.
Shoigu
Borrowed from Russian Шойгу (Šojgu), ultimately from Tuvan Шойгу (Şoygu).
Gerasimov
Borrowed from Russian Гера́симов (Gerásimov).
merisa
From Juba Arabic meriisa, from Sudanese Arabic مريسة (marīsa).
domiati
From Arabic دُمْيَاطِي (dumyāṭī), from دُمْيَاط (dumyāṭ, “Damietta city”).
oladyi
From Russian ола́дьи (oládʹi), plural of ола́дья (oládʹja).
Jhongsha
From Mandarin 中沙 (Zhōngshā) Tongyong Pinyin romanization: Jhongsha.
Chung-sha
From Mandarin 中沙 (Zhōngshā), Wade–Giles romanization: Chung¹-sha¹.
Bektash
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بَكتاش (Bektâş).
Sassounian
Borrowed from Armenian Սասունյան (Sasunyan).
Gumi
Borrowed from Korean 구미(龜尾) (Gumi).
Uijeongbu
Borrowed from Korean 의정부(議政府) (Uijeongbu). Named for the State Council of Joseon.
swaa
Onomatopoeic. Borrowed from Korean 솨아 (swaa).
Serebrianka
From Ukrainian Серебря́нка (Serebrjánka). Compare Serebryanka and Syerabranka.
Sriblianka
From Ukrainian Сріблянка (Sribljanka).
Munus
Either from Russian and Ukrainian Муну́с (Munús) or directly from their etymon, Crimean Tatar Munus.
Lemegeton
Borrowed from Latin Lemegeton, of unknown further origin and meaning.
balaneion
From Ancient Greek βᾰλᾰνεῖον (bălăneîon). Doublet of bagnio, bain, and banya.
deshret
Learned borrowing from Egyptian S-r:t*-S3 (dšrt), from S-r-G27 (dšr, “red”) with S3 as determinative + t (-t, feminine ending), thus literally meaning “the red one”.
broad arrowhead
From Middle English brode arowe hed, brode arowe hede, brode arrowe head.
sochan
From Cherokee ᏐᏨᎾ (sotsvna).
nectopod
From Ancient Greek νηκτός (nēktós, “swimming”) + -pod. By surface analysis, necto- + -pod.
Yampolivka
From Ukrainian Я́мполівка (Jámpolivka).
Staryi Saltiv
From Ukrainian Стари́й Са́лтів (Starýj Sáltiv).
aletho-
From Ancient Greek ἀλήθεια (alḗtheia, “truth”).
Nestryga
From both Russian and Ukrainian Нестри́га (Nestríga, Nestrýha), which are identical in their Cyrillic spelling but which differ in their Romanisation and pronunciation.
ars antiqua
Unadapted borrowing from Latin ars antīqua (literally “old art”).
dongsaeng
Borrowed from Korean 동생 (dongsaeng, “younger sibling”).
Kwangju
Borrowed from Korean 광주(光州) (gwangju). Doublet of Gwangju.
eonni
Borrowed from Korean 언니 (eonni, “older sister of a woman”).
Sotosalbos
Borrowed from Spanish Sotosalbos, from Spanish sotos (“groves”) + Spanish albos (“white”), literally “white groves”.
Hailaerh
From Mandarin 海拉爾 /海拉尔 (Hǎilā'ěr), Wade–Giles romanization: Hai³-la¹-êrh³.
Tianjun
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 天峻 (Tiānjùn).
Dulan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 都蘭 /都兰 (Dūlán).
deficit good
Calque of Russian дефици́тный това́р (deficítnyj továr, “scarce commodity”, literally “deficit good”).
least finger
From Middle English leste finguer, lest fynger, lest fyngyr, from Old English lǣst finger.
Olenye
From Russian Оле́нье (Olénʹje).
Olenya Guba
From Russian Оле́нья Губа́ (Olénʹja Gubá).
aneponymous
From Latin aneponymus under influence from eponymous, from an- (“un-: not, lacking”) + eponymus (“surnamed, distinguished by an epithet”). Equivalent to an- + eponymous.
protoiereus
From Ancient Greek πρωτοϊερεύς (prōtoïereús, literally “first priest”).
Dodekatheism
Borrowed from Greek δωδεκαθεϊσμός (dodekatheïsmós, “worship of twelve [Olympian] gods”).
Urozhaine
From Ukrainian Урожа́йне (Urožájne). Compare Urozhaynoye.
anagama kiln
From Japanese 穴窯(あながま) (anagama, literally “cave kiln”) + kiln.
dragon kiln
Calque of Chinese 龍窯 /龙窑 (lóngyáo).
hapua
Borrowed from Māori hāpua (“be hollow, depressed like a valley, be hollowed out, scooped out”).
Urozhaynoye
From Russian Урожа́йное (Urožájnoje). Compare Urozhaine.
Ru ware
Partial calque of Mandarin 汝瓷 (Rǔcí), using the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 汝 (Rǔ), in reference to the town of Ruzhou where it was manufactured.
Ju ware
Partial calque of Mandarin 汝瓷 (Rǔcí), using the Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 汝 (Rǔ), Ju³, in reference to the town of Ruzhou where it was manufactured.
Ru kiln
Partial calque of Mandarin 汝窯 /汝窑 (Rǔyáo), using the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 汝 (Rǔ), in reference to Ruzhou, where they were located.
Ju kiln
Partial calque of Mandarin 汝窯 /汝窑 (Rǔyáo), using the Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 汝 (Rǔ), Ju³, in reference to Ruzhou, where they were located.
don't tread on me
Calque of Late Latin nōlī mē tangere (literally “do not touch me”), from John 20:17 in the Bible.
The phrase was initially rendered as dont tread on me, without apostrophe, as dont was then an accepted contraction of do not. In some later versions, due to standards for apostrophes becoming more strict since the 18th century, the first word was changed to don't.
Soloviove
From Ukrainian Соловйо́ве (Solovjóve). Compare Solovyovo.
Jukdo
Borrowed from Korean 죽도(竹島) (Jukdo).
Dagelet
Borrowed from French Dagelet; named for French astronomer, clockmaker and mathematician Joseph Lepaute Dagelet.
transverberation
Borrowed from Latin trānsverberātiō (“empiercement”). By surface analysis, transverberate + -ion.
Sokil
Borrowed from Ukrainian Со́кіл (Sókil), from Ukrainian со́кіл (sókil, “falcon”).
Novopokrovske
From Ukrainian Новопокро́вське (Novopokróvsʹke). Compare Novopokrovskoye.
Insein
Borrowed from Burmese အင်းစိန် (ang:cin).
Kuancheng
From Mandarin 寬城 /宽城 (Kuānchéng).
Sandwip
From Bengali সন্দ্বীপ (śonddip).
dystychiphobia
Likely borrowed from Ancient Greek δυστυχία (dustukhía, “misfortune, ill luck”) + -phobia.
mechoui
From French méchoui, from Arabic مَشْوِيّ (mašwiyy).
Bulsara
Borrowed from Gujarati બલસારા (balsārā).
Kaffaljidhma
Borrowed from Arabic الكَفّ الجَذْمَاء (al-kaff al-jaḏmāʔ, literally “the cut-short hand”).
Kitab al-Azif
Borrowed from Arabic كِتَاب العَزِيف (kitāb al-ʕazīf).
Great Altcar
Altcar is equivalent to Alt + carr, from the River Alt and Old Norse kjarr. Recorded as Altekar in 1251.
Gaoyang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 高陽 /高阳 (Gāoyáng).
Bila Hora
From Ukrainian Бі́ла Го́ра (Bíla Hóra). Compare Belaya Gora, Bijela Gora, and Bílá Hora.
nepsis
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek νῆψις (nêpsis)
divyang
Borrowed from Hindi दिव्यांग (divyāṅg, literally “divine organ”).
Ko-chiu
From Mandarin 箇舊 /个旧 (Gèjiù), Wade–Giles romanization: Ko⁴-chiu⁴.
Lengshuijiang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 冷水江 (Lěngshuǐjiāng).
Lianyuan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 漣源 /涟源 (Liányuán).
Louxing
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 婁星 /娄星.
Shuangfeng
From Mandarin 雙峰 /双峰 (Shuāngfēng).
Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain
From Welsh Llansantffraid-ym-Mechain.
Llansantffraid
From Welsh llan + sant + Ffraid, the church of Saint Ffraid, the Welsh name for St Bridget.
Llansantffraed
From Welsh llan + sant + Ffraid, the church of Saint Ffraid, the Welsh name for St Bridget.
Caddington
Recorded as Cadendone in the Domesday Book, the placename derives from the Old English personal name Cada + -ing (“belonging to”) + dūn (“hill, down”).
Clophill
From Old English clop (“tree stump”) + hyll (“hill”).
Pulloxhill
The only acceptable suggestion is that the first element is a lost Old English personal name *Pulloc, closely related to the name Pollock, hence *Pulloc + -s- + hill.
S rank
Derived from Japanese 秀 (shū) + rank. S, short for 秀(しゅう) (shū), can be given as a letter grade for exceptional work in Japanese schools.
Somersby
From Old Norse Sumarliði (“a personal name”) + býr (“settlement”). Compare the doublet Somerby.
Tonle Sap
From Khmer ទន្លេសាប (tɔɔtŭənlei saap).
sadaqa
Borrowed from Arabic صَدَقَة (ṣadaqa).
Yuhuan
From Mandarin 玉環 /玉环 (Yùhuán).
umzimbeet
Borrowed from Zulu umSimbithwa. Compare Afrikaans omsambeet, omzambeet, oesambiet.
manhuajia
Borrowed from Mandarin 漫畫家 /漫画家 (mànhuàjiā). Doublet of mangaka and manhwaga.
Jiaojiang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 椒江.
Tonle Bati
From Khmer ទន្លេបាទី (tɔɔnleibaatii).
hoppang
Borrowed from Korean 호빵 (hoppang), from 호 (ho, blowing sound), implying hotness + 빵 (ppang, “bread”), as a genericized trademark.
unnie line
Calque of Korean 언니 라인 (eonni rain), composed of 언니 (eonni, “unnie; elder sister of a woman”) and 라인 (rain, “members with a shared characteristic”), ultimately from English line. By surface analysis, unnie + line.
Refer to 라인 (rain, “members with a shared characteristic”) for more information.
ipso gender
Coined by C. G. Costello in 2014. Latin ipso means "at the very same" (gender as they were assigned), compare ipso facto or ipso substitution.
land of the living
Calque of Biblical Hebrew חַיִּים בְּאֶרֶץ from Psalm 27:13. Similar phrases are also found in other religions and mythologies, such as the Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh.
Honam
Borrowed from Korean 호남(湖南) (honam). Doublet of Hunan.
Schwider
Various etymologies:
* German respelling of Polish Świder
* variant of German Schweder
Schwieder
Various etymologies:
* German respelling of Polish Świder
* variant of German Schweder
Kiou
Borrowed from Middle Polish Kijów. Doublet of Kyiv and Kiev.
Soubeyran
Borrowed from French Soubeyran, itself from Occitan.
Yeak Laom
From Khmer យក្សឡោម (yɔɔksɑɑlaom).
Ratanakiri
From Khmer រតនគិរី (rŏətaʼnaʼkirii).
Lumphat
From Khmer លំផាត់ (lumphat).
Veun Sai
From Khmer វើនសៃ (vəənsay).
Fengchieh
From Mandarin 奉節 /奉节 (Fèngjié), Wade–Giles romanization: Fêng⁴-chieh².
Yakeshi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 牙克石 (Yákèshí).
Jiagedaqi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 加格達奇 /加格达奇 (Jiāgédáqí).
Jalainur
Ultimately from Mongolian Далай нуур (Dalaj nuur, “the Hulun Lake”), from далай (dalaj) and нуур (nuur, “lake”).
Sheinbaum
Borrowed from Yiddish שיינבוים (sheynboym, literally “beautiful tree”).
Goicoechea
Borrowed from Spanish Goicoechea, itself from Basque Goikoetxea.
Huanren
From Mandarin 桓仁 (Huánrén).
Mingshan
From Mandarin 名山 (Míngshān).
From Mandarin 明山.
Xihu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 西湖 (Xī Hú).
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 溪湖 (Xīhú).
Pyeongtaek
Borrowed from Korean 평택(平澤) (Pyeongtaek).
Hwaseong
Borrowed from Korean 화성(華城) (Hwaseong).
Gwangmyeong
Borrowed from Korean 광명(光明) (Gwangmyeong, “light”). Doublet of Kwangmyong.
Supervielle
Borrowed from French Supervielle (alternatively via Spanish Supervielle as it is common in Argentina and Uruguay), itself from Occitan Supervièla.
banjeonse
Borrowed from Korean 반전세(半傳貰) (banjeonse, literally “half-jeonse”).
castlelet
From Middle English castelet, from Old French castelet, northern form of chastelet. Equivalent to castle + -let.
Pavano
From the Italianization of the Sicilian surname Paganu/Pavanu, from paganu.
Borrowed from Italian Pavano.
Svay Pak
From Khmer ស្វាយប៉ាក (svaaypaak).
Starolaspa
From Russian and Ukrainian Старола́спа (Staroláspa).
Tau-lak
Borrowed from Hokkien, specifically Taiwanese Hokkien 斗六 (Táu-la̍k).
Elishah
From Biblical Hebrew אֱלִישָׁה (ʾĔlîšāh).
Perekop
From Russian and Ukrainian Переко́п (Perekóp). Compare Perekip and Pierakop.
Goloka
Borrowed from Sanskrit गोलोक (goloka, literally “cow’s world”), from a compound of गो (go, “cow”) + लोक (loka, “world, realm”).
tahrif
Borrowed from Arabic تَحْرِيف (taḥrīf).
Sandia Mountains
Borrowed from Spanish sandía (“watermelon”), which is popularly believed to be a reference to the reddish color of the mountains at sunset.
misease
From Middle English myssease, from Old French mesaise, from mes- (“mis-”) + aise (“ease”). Equivalent to mis- + ease. Cognate with French mésaise.
Khatlon
Borrowed from Tajik Хатлон (Xatlon).
miseased
From Middle English mysesed, myseised, myssaysid. Equivalent to mis- + eased or misease + -ed.
maghaz
Borrowed from Hindi मग़ज़ (maġaz, “brain”). Doublet of marrow.
Rumworth
Inherited from Middle English Rumworth, Romworth, from Old English *Rūmworþ, from rūm (“spacious, roomy”) + worþ (“enclosure”).
kyrkmaster
From Middle English kirkmaster, kyrkmaster, equivalent to kyrk + master. Piecewise doublet of churchmaster.
Tsagaan Khas
Borrowed from Mongolian Цагаан Хас (Cagaan Xas), from цагаан (cagaan, “white”) + хас (xas, “swastika”).
evenglome
Learned borrowing from Old English ǣfenglōm, as the term began being used soon after the publication of Early England and the Saxon-English in 1869, where the word is first listed in this form. By surface analysis, even + glome (“gloom”).
Rennish
See Rhenish. Likely influenced by Middle English Rine.
Poylish
Borrowed from Yiddish פּויליש (poylish). Doublet of Polish.
nightgloom
Either from night + gloom or a learned borrowing from Old English nihtglōm,
Rendlesham
From Old English Rendlæsham, possibly from an uncertain element *rend + lǣs + ham.
Khitan small script
From Khitan + small + script, from a calque of Chinese 小字 (xiǎozì, “small script”), in reference to the script's comparatively small number of characters when contrasted with Khitan large script.
Khitan large script
From Khitan + large + script, from a calque of Chinese 大字 (dàzì, “large script”), in reference to the script's comparatively large number of characters when contrasted with Khitan small script.
Peltekian
Borrowed from Armenian Փելթեքյան (Pʻeltʻekʻyan).
bairn-time
From Scots bairntime, from Middle English barntem, from Old English bearntēam. Influenced by time.
no sabo kid
From Spanish (yo) no sabo, an incorrect way of saying no sé (“I don't know”), + kid.
New Valley
After the New Valley Project, calque of Arabic الوَادِي الجَدِيد (al-wādī l-jadīd).
fuiyoh
From possibly Hokkien 媠唷 (súi--ió, literally “beautiful!”), popularized as "Fuiyoh!" by the Malaysian comedian, Nigel Ng, using his comedic alter ego, Uncle Roger since the 2020s. Cognate of Malay fuyoh.
anisong
From Japanese アニソン (anison), from アニ(メ) (anime) + ソン(グ) (songu), itself from English anime song. Equivalent to a blend of anime + song.
Maelor South
Maelor is from Welsh, and is an area of north-east Wales along the border with England.
valetude
Learned borrowing from Latin valētūdō, valitūdō (“state of health”).
obnebulate
Borrowed from Medieval Latin obnebulatus, perfect passive participle of obnebulare (“to overcloud”), from ob- + nebula + -are. Compare obnubilate, derived from the unrelated Latin nūbēs.
Sophon
Borrowed from Thai โสภณ, from Pali sobhaṇa.
Kanishka
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कनिष्क (kaniṣka), from Bactrian Κανηϸκο (Kanēško).
Hunquminum
Borrowed from Halkomelem Hul̓q̓umín̓um̓.
Mankayan
Borrowed from Philippine Spanish Nancayan, from Kankanaey Nangkayang. See that for more details.
Andong
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 安東 /安东 (Āndōng).
ship of fools
From ship + of + fools, a calque of German Narrenschiff. From a German poem named "Narrenschiff", published in 1494 by Sebastian Brant, about a ship carrying 112 passengers, each of whom represents a specific human foible, which sails into oblivion. The poem was translated into English in 1509 by Alexander Barclay. Brant may have been inspired by an allegory that first appeared in Book VI of Plato's Republic, about a ship with a dysfunctional crew.
Sulby
From Old Norse Sóla-bør (“Soli's farm”).
victimary
Borrowed from Middle French victimaire, from Latin victimārius, from victima + -ārius.
Soulby
Possibly from Old Norse súla (“pillar”) + bȳ (“farmstead village”).
Bhudevi
Borrowed from Sanskrit भूदेवी (bhūdevī).
Myrotvorets
Borrowed from Ukrainian Миротво́рець (Myrotvórecʹ, literally “Peacemaker”).
Periyalvar
Borrowed from Tamil பெரியாழ்வார் (periyāḻvār).
Angala Devi
Borrowed from Tamil அங்காளதேவி (aṅkāḷatēvi).
churchmaster
From Middle English chirche maister, equivalent to church + master. Piecewise doublet of kyrkmaster.
Devi Kanya Kumari
Borrowed from Sanskrit देवी कन्या कुमारि (devī kanyā kumāri).
Mangasaryan
Borrowed from Armenian Մանգասարյան (Mangasaryan).
karsevak
Transliteration of Hindi कारसेवक (kārsevak), in turn from Sanskrit कार (kāra, “work”) + सेवा (sevā, “service done with devotion”).
Judenhetze
Unadapted borrowing from German Judenhetze (literally “Jew-baiting”), from Jude (“Jew”) + Hetze (“baiting; agitating; rabble-rousing; witch-hunting”).
rigaree
From Italian rigare, from riga (“line”) + -are, inherited from Old Italian riga, from Lombardic rīga (“line, row”), from Proto-Germanic *rīgǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyk- (-kh-) (“to scratch, cut”).
Ciissinraq
Given the location of the river, it is likely borrowed from Yup'ik [Term?].
Jakkamma
Borrowed from Tamil ஜக்கம்மா (jakkammā).
Kannagi
Borrowed from Tamil கண்ணகி (kaṇṇaki).
Meenakshi
Borrowed from Tamil மீனாக்ஷி (mīṉākṣi).
Niladevi
Borrowed from Sanskrit नीलदेवी (nīladevī).
Nappinnai
Borrowed from Tamil நப்பின்னை (nappiṉṉai).
Pavadairayan
Borrowed from Tamil பாவாடைராயன் (pāvāṭairāyaṉ).
Perumal
Borrowed from Tamil பெருமாள் (perumāḷ).
Pidari
Borrowed from Tamil பிடாரி (piṭāri).
Sudalai Madan
Borrowed from Tamil சுடலைமாடன் (cuṭalaimāṭaṉ).
Madurai Veeran
Borrowed from Tamil மதுரைவீரன் (maturaivīraṉ).
Annamar
Borrowed from Tamil அண்ணமார் (aṇṇamār).
Tsum
Possibly either borrowed from Tsum [Term?], or possibly from an exonym from another language.
Ardraly
Borrowed from Irish Ard Ráile, from Irish ard m (“a small hill”) + Irish [Term?].
churchset
From Middle English churset, chirset, chershet, chirshet, from Old English ċiriċsċeatt (“churchscot”), equivalent to church + scat.
Zafarobod
Borrowed from Tajik Зафаробод (Zafarobod).
Singkapor
From Hokkien 新加坡 (Sin-ka-pho). Singkarpor and Singkapor are both Hokkien pronunciations of Singapore's Chinese name.
Menghai
From Mandarin 勐海 (Měnghǎi).
Mengla
From Mandarin 勐臘 /勐腊 (Měnglà).
gombessa
Borrowed from Ngazidja Comorian gombesa (“coelacanth”).
Gyatso
Borrowed from Tibetan རྒྱ་མཚོ (rgya mtsho).
rhopalocercous
From New Latin rhopalium, from Ancient Greek ῥοπαλιον (rhopalion), diminutive of ῥόπαλον (rhópalon, “club”) + -cercous.
unbaleful
From Middle English unbaleful, from Old English unbealuful, equivalent to un- + baleful.
motor banca
From motor + banca, where the latter itself is from Tagalog bangka.
barangay captain
From barangay + captain, with the former from Tagalog barangay.
Sariwon
Borrowed from Korean 사리원(沙里院) (Sariwon).
Singkarpor
From Hokkien 新加坡 (Sin-ka-pho). Singkarpor and Singkapor are both Hokkien pronunciations of Singapore's Chinese name.
nocency
Learned borrowing from Latin nocentia (“guilt, transgression”), from nocēns (“harmful, guilty”). Doublet of nuisance.
benefacture
Borrowed from Latin benefactūrus, future active participle of benefaciō (“to do good, to benefit”) + -ure (noun-forming suffix).
nocence
Learned borrowing from Latin nocentia (“guilt, transgression”), from nocēns (“harmful, guilty”). Doublet of nuisance.
in sequence
By surface analysis, in + sequence. Possibly a confusion from Latin īnsequēns (“following, pursuing, next”, present active participle).
cymo-
From cyme + -o-, from Latin cȳma, from Ancient Greek κῦμα (kûma).
Colel
Possibly from Hebrew כלל (kalel, “to complete, to make perfect”)
morfound
From Middle English morfounden, morefounden (“to take cold”), from Middle French morfondre (“to chill, to cool”), from Franco-Provençal mor, more (“snout”) + Middle French fondre (“to melt”), where the first part comes from Vulgar Latin *murrum (“muzzle, snout”), and the second from Latin fundere. Cognate with French morfondre.
The noun is inherited from Middle English mareffownd, mareffownde, likely from the Middle English morfounden, morefounden (“to take cold”).
trollkrem
From Norwegian Bokmål troll (“troll”) + krem (“cream”).
exorbitation
Borrowed from Latin exorbitatio, from exorbitō (“to go off the track, deviate”) + -tio.
Lower Xiajiadian culture
Calque of Mandarin 夏家店下層文化 /夏家店下层文化 (Xiàjiādiàn xiàcéng wénhuà), from 夏家店 (Xiàjiādiàn, “Xiajiadian”) + 下層 /下层 (xiàcéng, “lower strata”) + 文化 (wénhuà, “culture”), with Xiajiadian being the location of the type site, which was discovered at a lower level than that of the Upper Xiajiadian culture. By surface analysis, lower + Xiajiadian + culture.
Upper Xiajiadian culture
Calque of Mandarin 夏家店上層文化 /夏家店上层文化 (Xiàjiādiàn shàngcéng wénhuà), from 夏家店 (Xiàjiādiàn, “Xiajiadian”) + 上層 /上层 (shàngcéng, “upper strata”) + 文化 (wénhuà, “culture”), with Xiajiadian being the location of the type site, which was discovered at a higher level than that of the Lower Xiajiadian culture. By surface analysis, upper + Xiajiadian + culture.
resh cicada
Partial calque of taxonomic name Megatibicen resh. From the character resh, either Aramaic 𐡓, Hebrew ר or Arabic ر, which resembles patterns commonly found on the thoraxes of members of this species.
chanyu
Borrowed from Mandarin 單于 (chányú); ultimately from Xiongnu.
lycaena
A learned borrowing from translingual Lycaena, from Ancient Greek λῠ́καινᾰ f (lŭ́kaină, “she-wolf”).
miskeen
Borrowed from Arabic مِسْكِين (miskīn, “poor”).
Haizhou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 海州 (Hǎizhōu).
Sralin
Borrowed from Russian Сра́лин (Srálin).
Panagbenga
Borrowed from Kankanaey Panagbenga, from panagbenga.
Kashag
Borrowed from Tibetan བཀའ་ཤག (bka' shag).
Soisy-sous-Montmorency
From French Soisy-sous-Montmorency (literally “Soisy under Montmorency”).
tortoise shell bracket
Calque from Japanese 亀(きっ)甲(こう)括(かっ)弧(こ) (kikkōkakko, literally “tortoise shell bracket”), due to their resemblance to the shell of a tortoise. By surface analysis, tortoise shell + bracket.
Hsinking
From Mandarin 新京 (Xīnjīng). Literally, “new capital” (because of the circumstances during the occupation).
Shahed
From Persian شاهد (“witness”) Arabic شَاهِد (šāhid, “witness”); or from Russian Шахед (Šaxed).
Lufthansa
Borrowed from German Lufthansa, from a compound of Luft (“air”) + Hansa (“guild; Hanseatic League”).
petukh
Borrowed from Russian петух (petux, “prison bitch”), literally “rooster”.
Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar
From German Hellschen-Heringsand-Unterschaar.
Pfaffenschlag bei Waidhofen an der Thaya
From German Pfaffenschlag bei Waidhofen an der Thaya.
Waidhofen an der Thaya
From German Waidhofen an der Thaya.
Ningguta
From Chinese 寧古塔 /宁古塔 (Nínggǔtǎ), from Manchu ᠨᡳᠩᡤᡠᡨᠠ (ningguta).
Mudan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 牡丹 (Mǔdān).
Rooh Afza
Borrowed from Hindustani رُوح اَفْزا / रूह अफ़ज़ा (Rūh Afzā, literally “Soul Refresher”).
Kalpakian
Borrowed from Armenian Գալբագյան (Galbagyan), Գալփագյան (Galpʻagyan).
Haigazian
Borrowed from Armenian Հայկազյան (Haykazyan).
aufruf
Borrowed from Yiddish אויפֿרוף (oyfruf, “summoning”), with the spelling influenced by German Aufruf.
Malachy
From Irish Maolmhaodhóg and Maolseachnaill/Maolseachlainn, influenced by the etymologically unrelated name Malachi, which is of Hebrew origin.
Chuhsiung
From Mandarin 楚雄 (Chǔxióng) Wade–Giles romanization: Chʻu³-hsiung².
Dongfeng
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東豐 /东丰.
Dongliao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東遼 /东辽.
tircha d'tzibura
Borrowed from Aramaic טִרְחָא דְּצִבּוּרָא.
Labourd
Borrowed from French Labourd, from Latin Lapurdum.
taharat hamishpacha
Borrowed from Hebrew טהרת המשפחה (“family purity”).
Vasishtha
Borrowed from Sanskrit वसिष्ठ (vasiṣṭha).
chasseneh
Borrowed from Yiddish חתונה (khasene), from Hebrew חתונה /חֲתֻנָּה (khatuná).