MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Wolcott
Habitational surname from a place in Somerset, from Old English wielle (“well, spring”) + cot (“cottage, shelter”).
Woolley
Usually from Old English wulf (“wolf”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade frequented by wolves”). Equivalent to wolf + -ley (“lea”).
Worrall
From Old English wīr (“bog myrtle”) + healh (“nook, corner of land”).
Malebranche
Unadapted borrowing from French Malebranche.
Neri
Borrowed from Italian Neri; this surname is also well-attested in Spanish-speaking countries.
Hyrcania
From Latin Hyrcania, from Ancient Greek Ὑρκᾱνίᾱ (Hurkāníā), from Old Iranian. See Old Persian 𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴 (v-r-k-a-n /⁠varkāna⁠/) for more.
sheng nu
Borrowed from Mandarin 剩女 (shèngnǚ, “leftover woman”). Typologically compare Turkish kalık (“residue, leftover; leftover woman, spinster”).
Hasmonean
From Latin Asmonaeus (latinized name of the family's founder) + English -an, from (Hellenic) Ancient Greek Ἀσαμωναῖος (Asamōnaîos), from Hebrew חַשְׁמוֹנַאי (ḥašmōnay).
jinja
Borrowed from Japanese 神社 (じんじゃ, jinja), from Middle Chinese 神社, from Old Chinese 神社 (“sacrificial altar, shrine”), from 神 (*hlin, “deity, divine”) + 社 (*ɦljaːʔ, “Earth deity [and altar]”). Cognate with Mandarin 神社 (shénshè, “shrine”).
Tully
* A shortened Anglicization of Scottish Gaelic Ó Taithligh and Ó Maol Tuile.
* A variant of Tolley and Tullie.
Derived from Latin Tullius.
Pugliesi
From Italian Pugliesi, from pugliese (“Apulian, Puglian”).
deerfold
From Middle English *derfald, from Old English dēorfald (“an enclosure or cage for wild beasts, a deer-fold, a park, an enclosure for deer”), equivalent to deer + fold.
sandling
From Middle English sandeling, sandelynge, equivalent to sand + -ling.
herye
From Middle English herien, heryen, from Old English herian (“to extol, praise, commend, help”), from Proto-Germanic *hazjaną (“to call, praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱens- (“to speak in a florid, solemn style, attest, witness”). Cognate with Middle High German haren (“to call, shout”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hazjan, “to praise”), Latin cēnseō (“inspect, appraise, estimate”, verb), Latin cēnsus (“estimation”); see censor, census.
Tripitaka
Borrowed from Sanskrit त्रिपिटक (tripiṭaka, “Three Baskets”). Compare Pali tipiṭaka (“Three Baskets”).
groundwall
From Middle English groundwalle, grundwal, from Old English grundweall (“foundation”), equivalent to ground + wall. Cognate with Middle High German gruntwal (“foundation”), Danish grundvold (“foundation”), Swedish grundval (“base, basis, foundation”).
groundway
From Middle English *groundway, from Old English grundwæġ (“earth, world”).
Quayle
From a Manx form of McPhail (also compare Fayle). Also an English nickname from the quail bird.
heortology
From German Heortologie, from Ancient Greek ἑορτή (heortḗ, “festival”) + -ology.
Novak
Usually from Czech Novák or Slovak Novák, but possibly also from Serbo-Croatian Nȍvāk, Slovene Novák, or Hungarian Novák.
desant
From Russian десант (desant), from French descente (“descent”), in reference to parachuting. Doublet of descent.
mandelbrot
Spelling probably derived from German Mandelbrot. Compare Yiddish מאַנדלבראָט (mandlbrot, “almond bread”), which may have semantically influenced the English term.
odeia
From Ancient Greek ᾠδεῖᾰ (ōideîă).
caragana
Borrowed from translingual Caragana, from a Turkic language, perhaps ultimately Mongolic. Compare Kazakh қараған (qarağan), Mongolian харгана (xargana).
]
Guadalquivir
Borrowed from Spanish Guadalquivir, derived from Arabic وَادِي الكَبِير (wādī l-kabīr, literally “the great river”).
Marotic
From French marotique, from Marot, the name of French poet Clément Marot (1496-1544).
do svidaniya
From Russian до свида́ния (do svidánija), from Russian до (do, “till”) + свида́ния (svidánija), genitive form of свида́ние (svidánije, “meeting, seeing (each other)”).
Engadin
Borrowed from Romansh Engiadina, which is first attested in 930 CE as Medieval Latin Vallis Eniatina. The toponym can perhaps be explained as a derivation from a reconstructed ethnonym *Eniates (“settlers on the Inn” (see Latin Aenus), with a Celtic suffix -ates for “settlers, inhabitants”; cf. Licātēs, Atrebatēs).
her's
From Middle English hires, equivalent to her + -'s (possessive marker).
Perusia
Borrowed from Latin Perusia. Doublet of Perugia.
specificker
From specific (“specific remedy”) + -er, originally a calque of German Spezifiker, used by Samuel Hahnemann (1755–1843).
heckelphone
From German Heckelphon, named after the inventors, Wilhelm Heckel and his sons.
blouwildebeesoog
Borrowed from Afrikaans blouwildebeesoog.
Dravid
Borrowed from Hindi द्रविड़ (draviṛ).
anteros
From Ancient Greek ἀντέρως (antérōs), reputedly coined by Plato. That in turn comes from ἀντί (antí, “against”) + ἔρως (érōs, “love”), hence the translation as counterlove.
speld
From Middle English speld, spelde, from Old English speld (“a splinter; a chip of wood; torch”), from Proto-Germanic *speldą (“splinter, board”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to split”).
Exonian
Borrowed from Medieval Latin Exonia, the Latin name for Exeter which appears in the Liber Exoniensis (1086), + -an. See its adjectival form Exoniensis.
K-theory
From circa 1960. The K stands for German Klasse (“class”).
The theory developed out of algebraic geometry after the 1957 publication of work by German-born French mathematician Alexander Grothendieck.
porray
From Middle English porrey, from Old French poree (“leek soup”), diminutive of por (“leek”), from Latin porrum (“leek(s)”). Doublet of porret.
horsecart
From horse + cart, perhaps continuing Middle English *hors-cart, from Old English horscræt (“chariot”, literally “horse-cart”).
Parnassian
From Parnassus, from Latin Parnassus, from Ancient Greek Παρνασσός (Parnassós).
birlinn
Borrowed from Scottish Gaelic bìrlinn, from Old Norse byrðingr.
shakshuka
From Arabic شَكْشُوكَة (šakšūka).
chetnik
From Serbo-Croatian četnik, from četa (“band, group”) + -nik.
dastar
From Punjabi دستار / ਦਸਤਾਰ (dastār), from Classical Persian دستار (dastār).
oxygal
From Latin oxygala, from Ancient Greek ὀξύγαλα (oxúgala).
hemoclysm
Coined by Matthew White (a historian) (see citation 1998, below), from hemo- + Ancient Greek κλυσμός (klusmós, “wash; flood”).
Mu'tazila
Borrowed from Arabic مُعْتَزِلَة (muʕtazila).
isopor
From iso- + Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “journey”), on the basis that isopors are "lines of equal travel".
duwende
Borrowed from Tagalog duwende, from Spanish duende (“goblin, elf”). Doublet of duende.
Hussey
* As an English surname of Norman origin, from Old French hosed, from Latin hosatus (“trousers, pants”).
* Also as an English surname, from Middle English houswyf (“housewife”).
* Also as an English surname of Norman origin, from the Norman habitational surname, from the town of Houssaye, from Medieval Latin Osseia, ultimately related to houx (“holly”).
* As an Irish surname, from Ó hEodhusa (“descendant of Eodhus”), a name of uncertain origin, but compare aodh (“fire”).
Tsarnaev
From Russian Царна́ев (Carnájev), from Chechen царна (carna).
anocracy
Apparently from an- + -ocracy, representing German Akratie.
Overton
From Old English ōfer (“riverbank”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
McBride
Anglicized form of Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Brighde (“son of the servant of (Saint) Brigit”). Compare Kilbride, Bredin.
Crichton
From Welsh carreg (“rock”) + Old English tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”), analysable as the modern -ton.
Dempsey
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Díomasaigh (“descendant of Díomasach”), a byname deriving from díomasach (“proud, arrogant”).
O'Shea
Anglicisation of the Irish surname Ó Séaghdha.
dakimakura
From Japanese 抱き枕 (dakimakura), from 抱き (daki, “to embrace or cling”) + 枕 (makura, “pillow”).
answeringly
From Middle English answeryngly, answeryngli, answeringli, equivalent to answering + -ly.
Worthing
* The name of the village in Norfolk derives from Old English worþig (“enclosure”).
* The name of the town in West Sussex derives from the unattested Old English personal name *Weorþ + -ing (“belonging to”).
ingenu
Borrowed from French ingénu (“guileless”), especially as used by Voltaire in L'Ingénu, from Latin ingenuus (“ingenuous”). Doublet of ingenuous.
suddent
From Middle English sodand, alternative form of sodeyn, by reanalysis of the ending as -and, -end, -ent (“present participle suffix”).
historio-
From combining form of Ancient Greek ἱστορία (historía, “history”). Compare historico-.
kogyaru
Borrowed from Japanese コギャル (“younger gyaru”), ultimately from English gal, a dialectal pronunciation of English girl.
angelique
From French angélique. Doublet of angelic and angélique (“plucked bowl lute”).
Irrawaddy
From Burmese ဧရာဝတီ (erawa.ti), from Sanskrit इरावती (irāvatī, “granting drink or refreshment”).
I am
Originally after Biblical usage (Exodus 3:14), translating Hebrew אֶהְיֶה ('ehyeh).
nine men's morris
Popularly claimed to ultimately be from Latin merellus (“gamepiece (incl. in draughts), token, etc.”); a possible connection has also been linked to French marelle (“hopscotch”).
tyrantess
From Middle English tiraunessis pl; equivalent to tyrant + -ess.
uncompelled
From Middle English uncompellyd, uncompelled; equivalent to un- + compelled.
daugh
Scottish Gaelic dabhach (“vat, large unit of land”); the "land unit" sense may reflect substrate influence on Gaelic from Pictish.
hairy molly
Possibly from hairy + Irish malaí (literally “eyebrows”)
soothfastness
From Middle English sothfastness, from Old English sōþfæstnes, equivalent to soothfast + -ness.
soothfastly
From Middle English sothefastly, soþfasstlike, soðfæstlice, from Old English sōþfæstlīċe, equivalent to soothfast + -ly.
Damascene
From Latin Damascēnus, from Ancient Greek Δαμασκηνός (Damaskēnós). By surface analysis, Damascus + -ene. The sense “pertaining to a sudden and complete change in one's beliefs” refers to the conversion of St Paul to Christianity on the road to Damascus.
From Ancient Greek Δαμασκηνή (Damaskēnḗ).
Greek foot
Calque of Ancient Greek πούς (poús, “foot”), qualified to distinguish it from other measures of the foot.
taijiquan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 太極拳／太极拳 (tàijíquán).
Jinnah
Borrowed from Urdu جِناح (jināh), from Gujarati ઝીણા (jhīṇā).
Mithridates
From Latin Mithridātēs, from Ancient Greek Μιθριδάτης (Mithridátēs), from Old Persian *Miθradātah.
heautoscopy
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἑαυτοῦ (heautoû, “itself”) + -scopy.
fishweir
From Middle English fysshwere, from Old English fisċwēr; equivalent to fish + weir.
genethliacon
Via Latin genethliacon from Ancient Greek γενεθλιακόν (genethliakón, “of or related to a birthday”, neuter sg.).
acanthocladous
From acantho- + Ancient Greek κλάδος (kládos), + -ous.
Sardonian
From Latin sardonius, from Ancient Greek Σαρδόνιος (Sardónios, “Sardinian”), earlier σαρδάνιος (sardánios).
Nine Bows
Calque of Egyptian psḏt pḏt, from psḏt (“nine”) + pḏt (“bow”).
zelotic
Borrowed from Latin zēlōticus, from Ancient Greek ζηλωτικός (zēlōtikós). Equivalent to zealot + -ic.
Saoirse
Borrowed from Irish Saoirse, from saoirse (“freedom”).
subnivium
From sub- (“under”) + Latin nix (“snow”) + -ium.
conductrix
Learned borrowing from Latin conductrīx. By surface analysis, conduct + -trix.
soixante-huitard
Borrowed from French soixante-huitard (literally “sixty-eighter”).
categise
First attested around the turn of the sixteenth century. The origin is uncertain; derivation is perhaps from the Ancient Greek καταιγίζω (kataigízō, “I rush down like a storm”), from καταιγίς (kataigís, “a storm descending from above”, figuratively “battle”).
synesis
Ancient Greek σύνεσις (súnesis, “unification, meeting, intelligence”).
smittle
Frequentative from Middle English smitten (“to smear; smudge; stain; taint”), from Old English smittian (“to defile; pollute; befoul”). Cognate with German schmitzen (“to pollute”), Danish smitte (“to infect”). Related also to smite.
Ofudesaki
Borrowed from Japanese おふでさき (ofudesaki).
ewte
Dialectal variant from Middle English yuten, yutten, ȝhutten, yhoten, from Old English ġēotan (“to pour”), Proto-West Germanic *geutan, from Proto-Germanic *geutaną (“to flow, run, pour”). More at yete.
fremish
From Middle English fremyssh, *fremysshen, from (the stem of) Middle French fremir, from Late Latin *fremīre, from Latin fremere.
apeirotheism
From apeiro- + theism, from Ancient Greek ἄπειρος (ápeiros, “infinite”) and θεός (theós, “god”), modeled after atheism, monotheism, polytheism, etc.
Apparently coined by Scottish-American philosopher Thomas Davidson.
apeiro-
From Ancient Greek ἄπειρος (ápeiros, “infinite, boundless”).
haleem
Borrowed from Arabic حَلِيم (ḥalīm).
Amatsumara
Borrowed from Japanese 天津麻羅 (Amatsumara).
Kajishin
Borrowed from Japanese 鍛冶神 (Kajishin).
pamp
From Middle English pampen, from Middle Low German pampen (“to pamper oneself, live luxuriously”), from Old Saxon *pampōn, from Proto-West Germanic *pampōn, from Proto-Germanic *pampōną (“to swell”), from Proto-Indo-European *bamb- (“round object”). Cognate with West Frisian pampe (“to stuff, cram”), Dutch pampen (“to cram”), German Low German pampen (“to crush, pound, stuff oneself”), German bampfen, pampen, pampfen (“to cram, gobble, eat greedily”), Norwegian Nynorsk pampa (“to stuff oneself, cram”), Swedish pampen (“stuffed, swollen up”). Compare also Saterland Frisian pämpelje (“to nurture, care for, feed”), West Frisian pampelje (“to pamper”), Dutch pampelen, pamperen (“to cram, pamper”).
kilk
From Middle English *killock, kellock, from earlier ketlok, kedlock, from Old English cedelc (“mercury (herb)”). Cognate with Scots skelloch (“charlock”).
main de fer
From Middle English mayndefer, from Middle French main de fer (literally “hand of iron”).
Enma
From Japanese 閻魔 (Enma). Doublet of Yama.
Konohananosakuya-hime
Borrowed from Japanese 木花咲耶姫 (Konohanasakuya-hime).
Ame-no-Uzume
Borrowed from Japanese 天宇受売命, 天鈿女命 (あめのうずめ, Ame-no-Uzume).
Hotei
From Japanese 布袋 (Hotei), from Middle Chinese 布袋 (MC puH dojH, “cloth sack”) (compare Mandarin 布袋 (Bùdài), Vietnamese Bố Đại), by metonymy "Man with the cloth sack", the "Laughing Buddha" figure associated with the Maitreya Buddha.
Bishamonten
From Japanese 毘沙門天 (Bishamonten).
Daikokuten
From Japanese 大黒天 (Daikokuten).
Ebisu
Borrowed from Japanese 恵比須, 恵比寿, 夷, 戎 (Ebisu).
streal
From Middle English strele, stral, from Old English strǣl (“beam, ray, arrow, shaft, dart, missile”), from Proto-West Germanic *strālu (“arrow, ray, beam”), from Proto-Indo-European *strēl- *strēlā- (“arrow, beam”). Cognate with West Frisian striel (“arrow, dart, shaft”), Dutch straal (“radius, ray, beam, stream”), German Strahl (“beam, ray, spurt”), Swedish stråle (“beam, ray”), Icelandic strjál (“arrow”), Lithuanian strėlė (“arrow, dart, jib”), Russian стрела (strela, “arrow, dart”). See also streel.
univocity
From Late Latin ūnivocitās, from ūnivocus (“univocal”).
mandu
Borrowed from Korean 만두(饅頭) (mandu), in turn from Chinese 饅頭 /馒头 (mántou). Doublet of manju, manti, and mantou.
shanda
From Yiddish שאַנדע (shande), from Middle High German schande, schante, from Old High German scanta, skanta, from Proto-West Germanic *skandu (“shame”). Doublet of shand.
herkogamy
From Ancient Greek ἕρκος (hérkos, “fence, wall”) + -gamy.
papyrophobia
From papyro- + -phobia (“fear, loathing”), from Ancient Greek πάπυρος (pápuros, “papyrus, paper”).
Capitolium
From Latin Capitōlium (“Capitoline Hill, its temples; similar citadels”), from the oblique stem of caput (“head”) + -ō (noun-forming suffix) or -ōlus (“-ole”, diminutive suffix) + -ium (suffix forming place names). Doublet of capitol and capitoul.
historical materialism
Calque of German historischer Materialismus.
Its earliest extant attestation - in German - is in Friedrich Engels's letter [5 August 1890] to Conrad Schmidt.
Its earliest extant public attestation - in English - is in Engels's 1892 "Introduction to the English Edition" to his 1880 booklet Socialism: Utopian and Scientific.
Hygieia
From Ancient Greek Ὑγίεια (Hugíeia) from ὑγίεια (hugíeia, “health”).
mastrope
From Middle English *mast-roop, *mastrap, from Old English mæstrāp (“mastrope”), equivalent to mast + rope.
plenipotential
From (the stem of) Latin plenipotens + -ial.
melittophily
From Ancient Greek μέλιττα (mélitta, “bee”) + -phily.
thelion
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek θηλή (thēlḗ, “nipple”) + -ion. By surface analysis, thel- + -ion.
thelium
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek θηλή (thēlḗ, “nipple”). By surface analysis, thel- + -ium.
chetverik
Borrowed from Russian четвери́к (četverík), from че́тверть (čétvertʹ, “quarter”) + -и́к (-ík).
blike
From Middle English bliken, from Old English blīcan (“to shine, glitter, dazzle, sparkle, twinkle”), from Proto-West Germanic *blīkan, from Proto-Germanic *blīkaną (“to gleam, shine”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to shine”). Compare blick.
seneschalty
From seneschal + -ty. In historical sense, under the influence of French sénéchaussée.
Kagutsuchi
Borrowed from Japanese 迦具土 (かぐつち, Kagutsuchi), originally a compound of かぐ (kagu, obsolete verb root meaning “to shine, to sparkle”) + つ (tsu, Old Japanese possessive particle) + ち (chi, “power, life force”).
Malabon
From Spanish Malabón, from Tagalog malabon.
longsomely
From Middle English *langsumliche, from Old English langsumlīċe (“long, during or for a long time; patiently, with long-suffering”), equivalent to longsome + -ly.
dindle
From Middle English dyndelen (“to tinkle; tingle; tremble”), perhaps equivalent to din + -le (frequentative suffix). Cognate with Scots dinnle (“to shake; tremble; to cause to shake or tremble”), Old Scots dyndill (“to cause to resound or vibrate”). Compare dandle, din.
Brahmi
Borrowed from Sanskrit ब्राह्मी (brāhmī, “speech, narrative”)
vardapet
Borrowed from Armenian վարդապետ (vardapet), from Old Armenian վարդապետ (vardapet, “teacher; vardapet”), from a South-Western Iranian word of the form *vard(a)-pet (literally “master of students; master of work”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *warj- (“to do; to work; to till the land”) (from Proto-Indo-European *werǵ- (“to make”), whence Old Persian vard- (“to work”) in the given name 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎺𐎼𐎮𐎡𐎹 (Artavardiya-)) + Proto-Iranian *pati- (from Proto-Indo-European *pótis (“master; ruler”), whence Old Armenian պետ (pet, “chief, commander”), Parthian *pet).
endful
From Middle English *endful (suggested by the Middle English adverb endfully), equivalent to end + -ful.
redamancy
From the New Latin redamantia, from the Classical Latin redamō (“to requite love”, transitive verb).
paramita
From Sanskrit पारमिता (pāramitā, “perfection; completeness”).
with a grain of salt
Calque of Latin cum grānō salis , literally with a grain of salt, figuratively with a bit of common sense (from Pliny’s Pompey’s discovery of an antidote against poison to be taken with a grain of salt).
orangelo
Blend of orange + pomelo. Calque of Puerto Rican Spanish chironja, itself a blend of china (“orange”) + toronja (“grapefruit”).
Nibelung
From German Nibelung, a singular form corresponding to the plural Nibelungen; from Old High German nibel (“mist”) + the patronymic ending -ung, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *nebulaz + *-ungō.
congou
From Chinese 工夫, possibly Hokkien 工夫 (kang-hu). Compare kung fu.
Chud
From Russian чудь (čudʹ). Doublet of tuath.
iron rice bowl
Calque from Chinese 鐵飯碗／铁饭碗 (tiěfànwǎn), from 鐵／铁 (tiě, “iron”) + 飯碗／饭碗 (fànwǎn, “rice bowl”).
Rif
From Arabic الريف (ar-rīf) and/or Tarifit arrif.
kusarigama
From Japanese 鎖鎌 (kusarigama).
ngawha
Borrowed from Māori ngāwhā (“geyser, fumarole, hot spring”).
muryan
From Cornish moryon. Cognate with Breton merien and Welsh myrion.
elderfather
From Middle English eldrefader, aldurfadur, equivalent to elder + father.
kleftiko
From Greek κλέφτικο (kléftiko, “in the style of the klephts”).
sandridge
From Middle English *sandrygge, from Old English sandhryċġ (“a sandbank”), equivalent to sand + ridge. Cognate with West Frisian sânrêch, Dutch zandrug, German Sandrücken.
From Old English sand (“sand”) + hryċġ (“ridge”).
fluviation
From Latin fluviātiō, from fluviātus (“fluviated”) + -iō (“-tion: forming abstract nouns”), from fluvius (“river”) + -ātus (“-ate: forming adjectives”) as if from a verb fluviō. Equivalent to fluviated + -ion.
pantanal
Portuguese pantanal, in Bolivia and Paraguay probably via Spanish.
From Brazilian Portuguese Pantanal, from pantanal (“wetland, bog”).
Cornouaille
Unadapted borrowing from French Cornouaille. Doublet of Cornwall.
kawakawa
Borrowed from Māori kawakawa.
Borrowed from Māori kawakawa, a shrub.
Annaba
From Arabic عَنَّابَة (ʕannāba).
bishophood
From Middle English bischophood, bishophod, bischophad, from Old English bisċophād (“the office or state of a bishop; the episcopate”), equivalent to bishop + -hood.
oshinko
From Japanese お新香 (oshinko, “pickled vegetables”, literally “new fragrance”).
ayubowan
From Sinhalese ආයුබෝවන් (āyubōwan).
gulliver
From Russian голова́ (golová, “head; mind, brains”). Probably initially popularized by the Russian-influenced argot spoken by characters in the 1962 novel A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess. Spelling influenced by Gulliver.
English surname of Norman origin, nickname for a greedy person, from Old French goulafre (“glutton”), from goule (“mouth”).
Acoemetae
From Ancient Greek ἀκοιμητής (akoimētḗs, “one who doesn't sleep”), from κοιμάω (koimáō).
alqueire
From Portuguese alqueire, from Arabic الكَيْل (al-kayl, “a measure”), from ك ي ل (k y l).
heptalemma
English hepta- (“seven”) + Ancient Greek λῆμμᾰ (lêmmă, “premise, assumption”), as in dilemma, trilemma, tetralemma, etc.
takfir
Borrowed from Arabic تَكْفِير (takfīr).
soulscot
From Middle English saulesoth, *soulescot, from sāwolsċeatt (“an ecclesiastical due, to be paid for every deceased person to the clergy of the church to which he belonged, in consideration of the services performed by them in his behalf”), equivalent to soul + scot.
unnie
Borrowed from Korean 언니 (eonni, “older sister of a woman”).
barbasco
From American Spanish barbasco, perhaps alteration of Spanish verbasco, varbasco (“mullein”), from Latin verbascum.
wuxia
From Mandarin 武俠／武侠 (wǔxiá, “martial hero”).
Songkran
From Thai สงกรานต์ (sǒng-graan), from Sanskrit सङ्क्रान्ति (saṅkrānti, “transmigration of the Sun from one sign of the zodiac (Rāshi) to the next”).
Malmquist
Borrowed from Swedish Malmqvist, from malm (“ore”) + kvist (“twig”).
Bakriyyah
Borrowed from Arabic بَكْرِيَّة (bakriyya).
Nicodemite
Borrowed from Middle French Nicodemite, corresponding to Nicodemus + -ite, after a Pharisee in the Gospel of John who secretly comes to Jesus for instruction while outwardly remaining a pious Jew.
chilgoza
From Classical Persian چِلْغوزَه (čilġōza) (in Modern Iranian Persian, چِلْغوزِه (čelġuze)).
naveta
Borrowed from Catalan naveta, diminutive of nau (“ship”).
Spetsnaz
Borrowed from Russian спецна́з (specnáz), abbreviation of войска́ специа́льного назначе́ния (vojská speciálʹnovo naznačénija, “special purpose forces/troops”).
interstellar planet
Constructed from Latin: inter- + stellar + planet. The latter derives from Middle English planete, from Old English planēta (“planet, chasuble”), from Latin planeta, planetes, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs) variant of πλάνης (plánēs, “wanderer, planet”), from πλανάω (planáō, “wander about, stray”), of unknown origin. Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to wander, roam”), cognate with Latin pālor (“wander about, stray”), Old Norse flana (“to rush about”), Norwegian flanta (“to wander about”). More at flaunt.
paan
Borrowed from Hindi पान (pān).
Possible doublet of fern via Proto-Indo-European *pornóm.
Phocaea
From Latin Phōcaea, from Ancient Greek Φώκαια (Phṓkaia).
crab tree
From Middle English crabbetre, crabtre; see crab (“wild apple”).
mikoshi
From Japanese 神(み)輿(こし) (mikoshi, “divine sedan”).
mimiamb
From mimiambus, possibly from French mimiambe, from Ancient Greek μιμιάμβους (mimiámbous, “mime-iamb”), from μῖμος (mîmos, “actor, imitator”) + ἴαμβος (íambos, “iamb”).
koumpounophobia
Modern Greek κουμπί (koumpí) + -phobia. The anomalous first element may be from a related form such as κουμπώνω (koumpóno), a verb.
galyak
From dialectal Russian голя́к (golják), from го́лый (gólyj, “naked”).
Umari
From Arabic عُمَري (ʕumari). Equivalent to Umar + -i. See also Amari.