MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Estrin
Metronymic surname from the Yiddish female given name אסתּר (ester, “Esther”)
quatre quart
From French quatre-quarts, from quatre+quart. Literally, “4 quarters”.
Fairhall
A habitational surname from a lost or unidentified place, from Old English fæġer (“beautiful, pleasant”) + healh (“corner, nook”).
Noakhailla
A transliteration of Bengali নোয়াখাইল্লা (noakhailla), a dialectal variant of নোয়াখালীয়া (nōẇakhaliẏa), from নোয়াখালী (nōẇakhali) + -ইয়া (-iẏa).
Cachar
Transliteration of Bengali কাছাড় (kachaṛ), from Sylheti ꠇꠣꠍꠣꠠ (xasaṛ).
Poundstone
From pound + stone. Calque of German Pfundstein. From German Pfund (“pound”) + Stein (“stone”). Literally, “pound stone”.
apodemic
From Ancient Greek ἀπόδημος (apódēmos) + -ic, from ἀπο- (apo-, “away from”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “country, people”).
Apparently, in the travel sense, coined by German-language authors in the sixteenth century.
Tantallon
The first part of the name is Cumbric *dyn (“fort”) + *tal (“brow”). Specific element may be either Cumbric *cann (“bright”), Cumbric *cant (“rim, border”) or Cumbric *cein (“ridge”).
Kratky
Borrowed from Czech Krátký and Slovak Krátky, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *kortъkъ.
McGrogan
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Grúgáin (“son of Grúgán”), a personal name derived from a diminutive form of grúg (“anger”) or an Anglicized form of Irish Mac Gruagáin (“son of Gruagán”), a personal name derived from a diminutive form of gruag (“hair”). Compare Grogan.
Caerwent
From Welsh caer + Gwent, which itself was derived from Venta Silurum, the name of the Roman settlement at Caerwent. Recorded as Cair Gwent c.800.
Kallipolis
From Ancient Greek Καλλίπολις (Kallípolis, “City of Beauty”). Doublet of Callipolis, Gallipoli, and Gelibolu.
Gelibolu
From Turkish Gelibolu, from Ottoman Turkish گلیبولی (Gelibolu), from Byzantine Greek Καλλίπολις (Kallípolis), from the combining form of Ancient Greek κάλλος (kállos, “beauty, beautiful”) + πόλις (pólis, “city, city-state”). Doublet of Callipolis, Kallipolis, and Gallipoli.
Paraiso
Borrowed from Spanish Paraíso. This surname is predominantly found in the Philippines.
harmoniai
From Ancient Greek ἁρμονίαι (harmoníai), plural of ἁρμονίᾱ (harmoníā).
Yaghnob
From Tajik Яғноб (Yaġnob)
emperorism
From emperor + -ism, possibly a calque of Japanese 天皇制 (tennō-sei, “emperor system”) or 天皇主義 (tennō shugi, “emperor doctrine”).
Tollemache
Metonymic occupational surname for an itinerant merchant, from Old French talemasche (“knapsack”). Compare Talmadge.
kedushah
Borrowed from Hebrew קדושה (k'dushá, “holiness”).
ghoom
From Hindi घूमना (ghūmnā, “to wander, turn”).
Ascencion
Borrowed from Spanish Ascención. This surname is predominantly found in Mexico.
Badie
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Arabic بديع (badīʕ, “marvelous, wonderful”), a surname predominantly found in Iran and Egypt.
* Borrowed from French Badié, an Occitan occupational surname for a janitor.
hanfu
From Mandarin 漢服 /汉服 (hànfú).
Whitcombe
From either Old English wīd (“wide”) or hwīt (“white”) + cumb (“combe, valley”).
par avion
Borrowed from French par avion (“by plane”), a phrase often printed or stamped on air mail envelopes.
twelfhyndman
Learned borrowing from Old English twelfhynde man(n) / mon(n).
twyhyndman
Learned borrowing from Old English twihynde / twyhynde man(n).
Smigel
Variant of Smigiel, from Polish Śmigiel.
hoguine
From French hoguine (or a Middle or Old French predecessor), which by the mid-1600s denoted a culet. In earlier French texts the term denoted armor for the arms, thighs and/or lower legs; compare the Scots borrowing hogingis (1541), which the Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue defines as "pieces of armour covering the arms, thighs and legs".
Of uncertain origin; compare Old French hoguette (“small barrel”), hoguinele, and French hoguiner (“annoy, torment, molest; thwart”); the FEW connects hoguine, hoguiner and houguette to Old Norse haugr (“hill”), but this is unconvincing from a semantic point of view.
Smigelski
Variant of Smigielski, from Polish Śmigielski.
Shmigelsky
Respelling of Polish Śmigielski, often via Russian or Ukrainian.
Shmigel
Respelling of Polish Śmigiel. Also, from East Slavic forms of the same surname, e.g. Russian Шмигель (Šmigelʹ).
Hesseman
From German Hessemann, from Hesse+Mann. Literally, “Hesse man” (habitational surname). May be decomposed as Hesse + man.
McElfresh
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Gille Bhris (“son of the servant of (Saint) Brice”).
Cranswick
Perhaps from Old English cran (“crane”) + -s- + wīċ (“village”).
pigache
From French pigache (“kind of hoe, kind of hoofprint, kind of shoe”).
Sumadija
From Serbo-Croatian Šumadija, from Шумадија. From šuma/шу̏ма (forest) + -džija/-џија (-ia).
McCart
Anglicized form of Northern Irish Mac Airt (“son of Art”), a byname from art (“bear”).
Groby
Perhaps from Old Norse gróf (“pit, hollow, gully”) + býr (“farmstead”).
Tigranyan
Borrowed from Armenian Տիգրանյան (Tigranyan).
Hanodaganears
From Seneca Hanödaga:nyas, from kanötayëʼ (“town”) + odiganyas (“he eats them”), thus "he destroys the town", "town destroyer", "devourer of villages", etc.
morose delectation
Calque of Medieval Latin dēlectātiō mōrōsa, used by Thomas Aquinas in the Summa Theologiae.
Lievanos
Borrowed from Spanish Liévanos. This surname is predominantly found in Mexico.
Kolek
Borrowed from Czech Kolek, Polish Kolek, or Polish Kołek, all pet forms of Mikołaj. The Polish surname is also derived from kołek (“peg”).
McKell
Shortened Anglicized form of a Scottish Gaelic or Irish surname beginning with Mac Giolla (“son of the lad”), from giolla (“lad, boy”).
ghazeeyeh
Borrowed from Egyptian Arabic غازية (ḡāziyya), plural غوازي (ḡawāzi).
satin de chine
Mid 19th century; from French satin de Chine (although this is apparently first attested later: 1859 or earlier), literally “satin of China”.
Challoner
Occupational surname for a maker or seller of blankets, from Middle English chaloun (“blanket”) + -er.
Fingerman
From Yiddish פֿינגער (finger, “finger, toe”) + מאַן (man, “man”), equivalent to finger + man.
Cukierman
From Polish Cukierman, from German Zuckermann.
Mascon
Borrowed from French Mascon, from Medieval Latin Masconis, a syncopated form of Madasconis and Matisco, probably from Gaulish matus (“bear”) (from Proto-Celtic *matus, commonly understood as a euphemistic derivation from *matis (“good”)) and a suffix equivalent to -iscus (“-ish: forming adjectives”).
Hemmingsen
Borrowed from Danish and Norwegian Hemmingsen, patronymic from Hemming.
market overt
Learned borrowing from Law French market overt, a calque of Anglo-Norman marché ouvert (“open market”).
schtickle
Borrowed from Yiddish שטיקל (shtikl).
Crispell
A variant spelling of German Krispel or French Crespel.
Cortner
Perhaps a variant of Cartner or an Americanized spelling of German Kortner.
Dubach
From Alemannic German Dubach, Germanized form of French Dubois.
Berriew
Apparently from the Welsh name Aberriw, from aber + River Rhiw, on which the village is situated near its confluence with the Severn.
Yaqub
Borrowed from Arabic يَعْقُوب (yaʕqūb).
deer scarer
Calque of Japanese 鹿威し (shishiodoshi)
commafucker
Calque of Finnish pilkunnussija, equivalent to comma + fucker.
Pheme
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Φήμη (Phḗmē).
guama
From Hokkien 外媽 /外妈 (gōa-má, “maternal grandmother”). Compare Tagalog guwama.
Catterson
Reduced Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic and Irish Mac Uaitéir (“son of Walter”) + the patronymic suffix -son.
DeArcos
Borrowed from Spanish de Arcos. This surname is predominantly found in Mexico.
McCarville
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Cearbhaill (“son of Cearbhall”), a personal name of uncertain origin. Compare McCarroll, which shares the same etymology
fierasfer
From New Latin, from Provençal fielat-fèr, fierasfèr, from fielat, fieras (“net, moray”) (from Old Provençal filat, from fil (“thread”), from Latin fīlum) + fèr (“fierce, wild”), from Latin ferus.
Fordicidia
Borrowed from Latin Fordicīdia, from forda (“pregnant cow”) + -cīdia, plural of -cīdium (“denoting an act of slaughter”).
forthbringer
Inherited from Middle English forthe bryngere; equivalent to forthbring + -er.
girk
From Middle English ȝerken (“to move suddenly, excite, bind tightly, attack”), from Old English ġearcian (“to prepare, make ready”). Cognate with jerk and yerk.
Fu'an
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 福安 (Fú'ān).
vicecomes
From Latin vicecomes. Doublet of vicomte and viscount.
Hehir
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó hAichir (“descendant of Aichear”), a byname from aichear (“keen, sharp”).
Mednick
From Russian ме́дник (médnik, “coppersmith”), a Jewish Ashkenazi occupational surname.
Curneen
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Cuirnín (“descendant of Cuirnín”), a personal name which derives from a diminutive of corn (“horn; drinking-horn”).
Jahangirnagar
From Persian جهانگیر نگر (jahângir nagar), meaning city of Jahangir.
Lakhnauti
From Bengali লখনৌতি (lokhnōuti). The term rose to prominence after Muslim rule, and is a most likely a corruption of Lakshmanavati, the name of the city under the Senas.
Gutfeld
Borrowed from German Gutfeld. Equivalent to gut + Feld.
Lakshmanavati
From Sanskrit लक्ष्मणवती (lakṣmaṇavatī) from लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa), after Emperor Lakshmana Sena, and वती (vatī).
Jannatabad
From Persian جنّت آباد (jannat âbâd) from جنّت (jannat, “garden”) and آباد (âbâd, “inhabited place”).
Khalifatabad
From Persian خلیفت آباد (xalifat âbâd) from خلیفت (xalifat, “caliph”) and آباد (âbâd, “inhabited place”).
Sonargaon
From Bengali সোনারগাঁও (śōnargãō, “village of gold”).
jail khana
Borrowed from Hindustani جیل خانَہ (jel xāna) / जेल ख़ाना (jel xānā).
monoeye
From mono- + eye. The monster girl type sense is possibly a reborrowing from Japanese モノアイ (monoai) or a calque of Japanese 単眼 (tangan).
Overy
Habitational surname from the villages of Burnham Overy and Burton Overy, from Old English ofer (“over, above”) + īeġ (“island”).
Biswa
Borrowed from Bengali বিশ্ব (biśśo).
McRonald
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Raghnaill (“son of Ronald”).
Cawston
Recorded as Caustune in the Domesday Book, it probably derives from the genitive case of the Old Norse personal name Kalfr + -s- + Old English tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
alboka
Borrowed from Basque alboka, from Arabic الْبُوق (al-būq, “the trumpet”).
Ilsley
Habitational surname from the villages of East and West Ilsley, from the Old English personal name Hild + -s- + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Coote
From Middle English cote (“coot”), a nickname for a bald or stupid person.
archaeologue
From French archéologue, from post-classical Latin archaiologus or its etymon Byzantine Greek ἀρχαιολόγος (arkhaiológos), from Ancient Greek ἀρχαιο- (arkhaio-) + -λογος (-logos). Equivalent to archaeo- + -logue.
cherry boy
Likely a calque from Japanese チェリーボーイ (cherī bōi), originally a pseudo-anglicism from English cherry + boy.
Bromlow
Habitational surname from a minor place in the parish of Worthen, in Shropshire, from Old English brōm (“broom”) + hlǣw (“mountain, hill, mound”).
Zarraga
Borrowed from Spanish Zárraga, a surname of Basque origin.
dittogram
From Ancient Greek διττός (dittós, “double”) + -gram.
docetize
From Docetae + -ize, from Late Latin Docetae, from Koine Greek Δοκηταί (Dokētaí), from Ancient Greek δοκεῖν (dokeîn, “to seem, to appear”).
Baghdasaryan
Borrowed from Armenian Բաղդասարյան (Baġdasaryan).
MacCabe
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Cába (“son of Cába”), a personal name of uncertain origin.
Westley Waterless
Recorded as Westle c.1045, Weslai 1086 (DB), and Westle Waterles 1285, the affix being from Old English wæter + lēas (“wet clearings”)
Sobalvarro
Borrowed from Spanish Sobalvarro. This surname is predominantly found in Nicaragua.
Pastran
Borrowed from Spanish Pastrán. This surname is predominantly found in Venezuela.
McCloy
Anglicized form of Northern Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Lugaidh (“son of Lugaid”), a personal name related to Old Irish Lug.
Swettenham
From the genitive form of the Old English personal name Sweta + hām (“homestead”) or hamm (“water meadow”).
theow
From Middle English theu, thewe (“servant; one bound in service to another, serf; disciple or servant of God; created being; servant of the devil; (figuratively) servant to sin, wealth, etc.”) [and other forms], from Old English þēow, þēo (“servant; slave”) [and other forms], from Proto-West Germanic *þeu (“slave”), from Proto-Germanic *þewaz, *þegwaz (“servant; slave”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekwos (“runner”), from Proto-Indo-European *tekʷ- (“to run; to flow”).
Cognates
* Dutch dienen (“to serve”)
* German dienen (“to serve”)
* Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍃 (þius, “bondman, slave; servant”)
* Old English þegn (“servant; minister; vassal”)
* Old High German dio (“unfree”), diu (“servant”)
Wojak
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Balto-Slavic *wájas
Proto-Slavic *vojь
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂kos
Proto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀkas
Proto-Slavic *-akъ
Proto-Slavic *vojakъ
Polish wojakbor.
English Wojak
From the Internet meme Wojak, a cartoon drawing of a bald man with a wistful or melancholic expression. The original image was posted on vichan, a Polish imageboard, in 2009, and was later reposted to the German imageboard krautchan in 2010 by a Polish user called "wojak"; the username is from Polish wojak (“soldier; fighter”).
Koschier
From German Koschier, Germanized form of Slovene Košir.
Palluch
From German Palluch, a Germanized form of Polish Paluch, Slovak Palúch, Slovak Paľuch, Slovak Paľúch, or Ukrainian Палюх (Paljux). paluch means "big toe" in Polish, while the Slovakian form comes from Pavol (“Paul”).
Homolya
From Hungarian Homolya, from Slovak homoľa, from Proto-Slavic *gomola.
Baughurst
From either the Old English personal name *Beagga or *bagga (“badger”) + hyrst (“wooded hill”).
Petsch
From the German surname, from a Slavic-influenced pet form of Peter, similar to Petz, Patsch.
Seghatoleslam
Borrowed from Iranian Persian ثقت الاسلام (seġato l-eslâm), from Classical Persian ثِقَةُ الْاِسْلَام (siqatu l-islām), from Arabic ثِقَةُ الإِسْلَام (ṯiqatu l-ʔislām, literally “Trustworthy of Islam”).
yene velt
From Yiddish יענע וועלט (yene velt, “the world to come”, literally “that world”).
Gettler
Borrowed from German Gettler, a variant of Gättler.
Utrechtse Heuvelrug
Borrowed from Dutch Utrechtse Heuvelrug.
marchmount
From march (“borderland”) + mount; coined by Edward H. Schafer to translate Chinese 嶽／岳 (yuè).
Hexi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 河西 (Héxī).
braffin
A variant form of bargham (“horse collar”), of which other forms include bahfam, barcom, barfing, bariham, barsham, braffam, and (with the morphemes reversed) hamburgh, from Middle English berw-ham, bergham, from Old English beorgan (“shelter”) + ham (“cover”). Or else, a link with Welsh breuant (“throat”), from Proto-Celtic *brāgants, has been suggested.
DelDuca
Borrowed from Italian Del Duca.
From Italian Del Duca, from del+duca, from being a surname of someone who worked for a duke (“duca”).
Del Duca
From Italian Del Duca.
Borrowed from Italian Del Duca.
Economos
Anglicized form of Greek Οικονόμος (Oikonómos).
McGrane
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Ráighne (“son of Ráighne”), a Gaelicized pet form of the personal name Reynold.
Meadowcroft
Habitational surname from a lost settlement in the parish of Middleton, Lancashire, from Old English mǣdwe, inflected form of mǣd (“meadow”), + croft (“enclosed field”).
Pedler
From Middle English pedlere, altered form of peddere (“hawker, peddler”), an occupational surname for a hawker or huckster.
Ramessid
From Ramesses + -id, probably under influence from German Ramessiden.
Binhai
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 濱海 /滨海 (Bīnhǎi).
Cappagh
From Irish Ceapach, An Cheapach, An Cheapaigh, etc., variations of ceapach (“plot, field, clearing”).
Sanatana Dharma
Borrowed from Sanskrit सनातन धर्म (sanātana dharma, “the eternal way, the eternal law”).
Kuzmin
Borrowed from Russian Кузьмин (Kuzʹmin).
phallocrypt
From phallo- + -crypt, from Ancient Greek φαλλός (phallós, “penis”) + κρυπτός (kruptós, literally “hidden, concealed”).
Westhead
From Old English west (“west”) + hēafod (“head; headland”).
manicle
From Middle English manicle, from Old French manicle (“gauntlet; manacle”).
krantikari
From Hindi क्रांतिकारी (krāntikārī).
Ordorica
Borrowed from Spanish Ordorica, a Castilianized spelling of Basque Ordorika. This surname is predominantly found in Mexico.
McMath
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Matha (“son of Matha”), a patronymic from a Scottish Gaelic form of Matthew.
Ch'en
From Mandarin 陳／陈 (Chén), Wade–Giles romanization: Ch'en².
bandar log
From Hindi बन्दर-लोग (bandar-log).
baizuo
Borrowed from Mandarin 白左 (báizuǒ, “white left”), derived from 白種人／白种人 (báizhǒngrén, “White person”) + 左派 (zuǒpài, “left-wing”).
Ghazwa-e-Hind
Partly re-Arabized form of Urdu غزوہ ہند (ġazvā-e hind), from Classical Persian غزوهٔ هند (ġazwa-yi hind), from Arabic غزوة الهند (“battle of Hind [India]”).
Hechi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 河池 (Héchí).
La Cognata
From Sicilian La Cognata, a surname derived from cugnata (“hatchet”).
Kudela
From Czech Kúdela or Kuděla, Slovak Kúdeľa and Polish Kudela.
Sanatani
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सनातनी (sanātanī, “of the eternal [way], Hindu”).
Teaford
Americanized spelling of German Tiefert or Tiffert.
Seyoum
Borrowed from Amharic ሰዩም (säyum).
Echezuria
Borrowed from Spanish Echezuria, Castilianized form of Basque Etxezuria. This surname is predominantly found in Venezuela.
Boyajyan
Borrowed from Armenian Բոյաջյան (Boyaǰyan).
Sandham
From Manipuri ꯁꯥꯟꯙꯝ (sāndham).
Mickleburgh
Probably a habitational surname from a lost place in England, from Old English miċel (“big, large, great”) + burg (“fortified place, stronghold”).
Taan
From Mandarin 大安 (Dà'ān) Wade–Giles romanization: Ta⁴-an¹.
Loosemore
Perhaps a habitational surname from a lost place in England, from Old English hlōse (“pigsty”) + mōr (“moor”).
Dar al-Islam
Borrowed from Arabic دار الإسلام (“land of submission [to God]”).
savarna
From Hindi सवर्ण (savarṇ), derived from Sanskrit सवर्ण (savarṇa, “same colour, same caste”).
Shoshana
Borrowed from Hebrew שׁוֹשַׁנָּה (shoshána).
Youkhana
Borrowed from Arabic يُوحَنَّا (yūḥannā, “John”). This surname is typical of the Assyrian community of Iraq.
Abreo
Borrowed from Spanish Abreo. This surname is predominantly found in Colombia and Mexico.
Arostegui
Borrowed from Spanish Arostegui, a Castilianized spelling of Basque Aroztegi.
Vicens
Borrowed from Catalan Vicens, variant of Vicente (see Vincent).
Shami
Borrowed from Arabic شَامِيّ (šāmiyy, “Syrian; Damascene”). This surname is predominantly found in Yemen and Iran.
Eusebios
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Εὐσέβιος (Eusébios).
Xiongan
c. 2017, from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 雄安 (Xióng'ān), without syllable-dividing mark (隔音符號／隔音符号 (géyīn fúhào)).
Zhongnanhai
The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 中南海 (Zhōngnánhǎi, “Central South Sea”), a compound of the names 中海 (zhōnghǎi, “Central Sea”) + 南海 (Nánhǎi, “South Sea; Nanhai”), two lakes in central Beijing just west of the Forbidden City.
Paparella
Borrowed from Italian Paparella and/or from the Italianization of Sicilian Papareḍḍa (“little duck”).
Four Books and Five Classics
Calque of Chinese 四書五經 /四书五经 (Sìshūwǔjīng).
Ialpujeni
Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Ialpujeni.
gelotophile
From Ancient Greek γέλως, γέλωτος (gélōs, gélōtos, “laughter”) + φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”).
Brearton
From Old English brǣr (“briar”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
watermelon cap
Calque from Chinese 西瓜帽 (xīguāmào).
Xiahe
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 夏河 (Xiàhé).
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 下和.
Gangajal
From Hindi गंगाजल (gaṅgājal).
Nagar
Borrowed from Hindi नगर (nagar), from Sanskrit नगर (nagara, “of the city”).
Borrowed from Hebrew נַגָּר (nagár, “carpenter”), an occupational surname.
Ch'ang-chih
From Mandarin 長治 /长治 (Chángzhì) Wade–Giles romanization: Chʻang²-chih⁴.
Frech
From the German and Alemannic German surname, from the adjective frech (“bold, daring”).
Gannan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 甘南 (Gānnán).
cleronomy
From Ancient Greek κληρονομία (klēronomía), related to Ancient Greek κληρονόμος (klēronómos). By surface analysis, clero + -nomy.
Paektu
From Korean 백두(白頭) (Baekdu).
Rosewarne
Perhaps from Cornish ros (“heathland”) + Anglo-Norman warrene (“warren; game-park”).
Ch'ang-pai
From Mandarin 長白／长白 (Chángbái) Wade–Giles romanization: Chʻang²-pai².
hustlement
From Middle English ostelment, borrowed from Old French ostillement, ultimately from Vulgar Latin *usitilium, from neuter plural *usitilia, from Latin utensilia (“utensils”).
hippopede
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἱπποπέδη (hippopédē, “horse fetter”).
Joseonjok
Borrowed from Korean 조선족(朝鮮族) (joseonjok).
yellow tea
Calque of Chinese 黃茶 /黄茶 (huángchá).
Nandinagari
Borrowed from Sanskrit नन्दिनागरी (nandināgarī). By surface analysis, Nandi + Nagari.
Dubrow
Borrowed from Eastern German Dubrow, Germanized form of several Slavic placenames beginning with Proto-Slavic *dǫ̑bъ (“oak”).
McGivern
Anglicized form of Northern Irish Mac Uidhrín (“son of Uidhrín”), a personal name which is from a diminutive of odhar (“dun”).
Offenburg
From German Offenburg, from Old High German burg (castle, fortification) with an unclear first element, possibly a given name.
Hasakah
From Arabic اَلْحَسَكَة (al-ḥasaka).
Chung-nan-hai
The atonal Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 中南海 (Zhōngnánhǎi).
Scowcroft
Topographic surname for someone who lived by a croft with a hut, from Old Norse skáli (“barn; shed, hut”) + Old English croft (“enclosed field”).
Uttarakuru
From Sanskrit उत्तरकुरु (uttarakuru).
Cholula
Probably of Nahuatl origin, from the original name of the city of Cholollan, now Cholula, Pueblo, Mexico. This surname is predominantly found in Mexico.
DeLacy
Habitational surname of Norman origin, from the village of Lassy, Calvados, in Normandy.
Iliffe
Three possible origins:
* A matronymic surname from the Middle English personal name Ayleve, which is from Old English Ǣþelġifu; this name is composed of the elements ǣþel (“noble”) and ġiefu (“gift, present”).
* From the Old Norse personal name Eilif, which is composed of the elements ei (“always”) and líf (“life”).
* From the Middle English personal name Ilif, from Old Norse nickname Ílífr, from ílllífr (“wicked”), from íllr (“ill, evil”) + líf (“life”) + -r (“-ed”, adjectival suffix).
McAndie
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Shanndaidh.
Colmworth
From the Old English personal name *Culma + worþ (“enclosure”).
Goldington
From the Old English personal name Gold + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Putnoe
Recorded as Putenehou, the placename is named with the dative form of the Old English personal name Putta + hōh (“spur of land”).
Sukumar
Borrowed from Sanskrit सुकुमार (sukumāra) (cf. Bengali সুকুমার (śukumar)).
Tregenna
From Cornish tre (“homestead”) + kensa (“first, foremost”).
Rodchenkov
Derived from Russian Родченков (Rodčenkov).
Po-chou
From Mandarin 亳州 (Bózhōu) Wade–Giles romanization: Po²-chou¹.
Normanby
"Village of the Norwegians", from Old Norse Norðmanna, genitive plural of Norðmaðr (“Norseman”) + býr (“village”).
Chirnogeni
Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Chirnogeni.
Hebenstreit
Borrowed from German Hebenstreit, a nickname for a quarrelsome person, from heben (“to lift, raise”) + Streit (“quarrel, argument”).
Lachica
Borrowed from Spanish Lachica. This surname is predominantly found in the Philippines.
McEldowney
Anglicized form of Northern Irish Mac Giolla Dhomhnaigh (“son of the lad of the Sunday”), from giolla (“lad, boy”) and Domhnach (“Sunday”).
Osorto
Borrowed from Spanish Osorto. This surname is predominantly found in Honduras.
Chatto
Two main origins:
* Scottish habitational surname from the name of an estate in the parish of Hownam, in the Scottish Borders.
* Borrowed from Tagalog Chatto; this surname is predominantly found in Davao Region.
Rotherfield
'Open land of the cattle', from Middle English Ridrefelda, from Old English Hrȳþeranfeld, from hrīþer (“cattle”), genitive plural hrȳþera + feld (“field”).
Debao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 德保 (Débǎo).