MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Steppingley
From the rare Old English personal name Stēapa + -ing (“belonging to”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Satavahana
Borrowed from Sanskrit सातवाहन (sātavāhana).
Orthogonian
Coined by Richard M. Nixon in 1930 from Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “straight”), Ancient Greek γωνία (gōnía, “corner, angle”), + -ian, to mean "straight shooter".
wammikin
From an Algonquian language spoken in the Maine area. Compare wannigan.
chikhirtma
Borrowed from Georgian ჩიხირთმა (čixirtma), from Azerbaijani çığırtma, from Azerbaijani çığırtmaq (“to cause somebody to cry, to cause somebody to shout, to cause somebody to scream”). Cognate with English chigirtma.
chigirtma
Borrowed from Azerbaijani çığırtma, from Azerbaijani çığırtmaq (“to cause somebody to cry, to cause somebody to shout, to cause somebody to scream”). Cognate with English chikhirtma.
Galoyan
Borrowed from Armenian Գալոյան (Galoyan).
Yueqing
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 樂清 /乐清 (Yuèqīng).
Yongjia
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永嘉 (Yǒngjiā).
Ouhai
From Mandarin 甌海 /瓯海 (Ōuhǎi).
Longwan
From Mandarin 龍灣 /龙湾 (Lóngwān).
Rui'an
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 瑞安 (Ruì'ān).
Wencheng
From Mandarin 文城 (Wénchéng).
Taishun
From Mandarin 泰順 /泰顺 (Tàishùn).
Pingyang
From Mandarin 平陽 /平阳 (Píngyáng).
Cangnan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 蒼南 /苍南 (Cāngnán).
stonewright
From Old English stanwyrhta (“mason”). By surface analysis, stone + wright.
Ortenaukreis
Unadapted borrowing from German Ortenaukreis.
Dhat al-Humam
From Arabic ذات الحمام (Ḏāt al-Ḥumām).
Saptarishi
Borrowed from Sanskrit सप्तर्षि (saptarṣi).
Krems white
A calque of German Kremsweiss, from its original production from exceptionally pure white lead produced by galena mines near Krems, Austria.
bucellarius
Borrowed from Latin Bucellarius (“biscuit-eater”), from buccellātum (“hardtack”) + -arius.
pelecoid
From Ancient Greek πέλεκῠς (pélekŭs, “axe, hatchet”) + -oid.
Polydorus
From Latin Polydoros/Polydorus, itself from Ancient Greek Πολύδωρος (Polúdōros).
Alpuente
From Spanish Alpuente, from Arabic البُنْت (al-Būnt), from ال (al-, “the, place of the”) + بُنْت (būnt).
Tewahedo
Borrowed from Ge'ez ተዋሕዶ (täwaḥdo).
grammagram
From Ancient Greek γράμμα (grámma, “written character, letter, that which is drawn”) + -gram.
Chungkuo Kuomintang
From Mandarin 中國國民黨 /中国国民党 (Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng) Wade–Giles romanization: Chung¹-kuo² Kuo²-min²-tang³.
Barbalissos
From Byzantine Greek Βαρβαλισσός (Barbalissós), from Latin Barbalissus, from Aramaic.
Balis
From Arabic بالس (Balis), from Byzantine Greek Βαρβαλισσός (Barbalissós), from Latin Barbalissus, from Aramaic. Doublet of Barbalissus.
Alphandery
Borrowed from French Alphandéry, from Ladino, ultimately from Arabic.
Hai Lok Hong
Possibly either Hailufeng Min 海陸豐 /海陆丰 or Teochew 海陸豐 /海陆丰. Compare Indonesian Hailokhong, Dutch Hailokhong. Doublet of Hailufeng.
pugioniform
Borrowed from New Latin pugioniformis, from Latin pūgiō (“dagger”). By surface analysis, Latin pugion + -i- + form.
embolium
From New Latin embolium, from Ancient Greek ἐμβόλιον (embólion, “insertion”).
stapediform
From Latin stapēs, stapedem (“stirrup”) + -iform.
dabke
Borrowed from North Levantine Arabic دَبْكة (dabka) and South Levantine Arabic دَبْكة (dabke).
Barqa
From Arabic برقة (Barqa), from Byzantine Greek Βάρκη (Bárkē), from Ancient Greek, from the local tribe of the Barraci.
Barqah
From Arabic برقة (Barqa), from Byzantine Greek Βάρκη (Bárkē), from Ancient Greek, from the local tribe of the Barraci.
Khachiyan
Borrowed from Armenian Խաչիյան (Xačʻiyan).
marasmatic
From Russian маразма́тик (marazmátik, “senile dement, marasmatic”).
Jingang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 金剛山 /金刚山 (Jīngāngshān).
Okhotsk
From Russian Охо́тск (Oxótsk), derived from Even окат (okat, “river”).
Kendujhar
Borrowed from Odia କେନ୍ଦୁଝର (kendujhara).
choseong
Borrowed from Korean 초성 (choseong, “initial sound”).
jungseong
Borrowed from Korean 중성 (jungseong, “medial sound”).
jongseong
Borrowed from Korean 종성 (jongseong, “final sound”).
Pilibosian
Borrowed from Armenian Փիլիպոսյան (Pʻiliposyan).
Aristy
Borrowed from Spanish Aristy, variant of Aristi, a surname of Basque origin. This surname is predominantly found in the Dominican Republic.
Abdelhamid
Borrowed from Arabic عَبْد الْحَمِيد (ʕabd al-ḥamīd).
Aldworth
From the Old English personal name Ealda + worþ (“enclosure”).
Pok'ot'u
From Mandarin 博克圖 /博克图, Wade–Giles romanization: Po²-kʻo⁴-tʻu².
Grimnir
Borrowed from Old Norse Grímnir (“masked one”). Compare Old Norse Grímr, from which comes the synonym Grim. See also Icelandic gríma (“mask”).
Cynosarges
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κυνόσαργες (Kunósarges).
septemfoliate
From septem- + foliate, after New Latin septemfoliātus.
Sepharad
Borrowed from Hebrew סְפָרַד (s'farád).
qungua
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 裙褂 (qúnguà).
funiform
From Latin funis (“rope, cord”) + -form. First attested in 1862.
furtherover
Inherited from Middle English furtherover. By surface analysis, further + over.
Ashmedai
Borrowed from Hebrew אַשְׁמְדַאי (ashmedáy). Doublet of Asmodeus.
mesugaki
Borrowed from Japanese メスガキ (mesugaki), from 雌(めす) (mesu, “female (animal)”) + 餓鬼(がき) (gaki, “brat”). The term began being used among English speakers around 2020.
fiery searcher
Compound of fiery + searcher. Fiery comes from the orange colors found around the edge of the abdomen. Searcher is a partial calque of translingual Calosoma scrutator, itself from Latin scrūtātor (“searcher, examinator, investigator”), which references its diet of certain other bugs, which it hunts to find. Searcher could also reference other species of the genus Calosoma, sometimes known as caterpillar searchers.
po po
Borrowed from Mandarin 婆婆 (pópo, “husband's mother”), Cantonese 婆婆 (po⁴ po⁴⁻², “maternal grandmother”).
kibbutznikim
From Hebrew קִיבּוּצְנִיקִים (kibutsnikím)
Arzew
From irregular French romanization of Arabic أرزيو (“Arzew, Bethioua”), presumably ultimately from Latin Arsenaria, an ancient settlement 3 Roman miles inland from the sea near Bethioua. The name was applied to the present location under French rule.
boortsog
Borrowed from Mongolian боорцог (boorcog) and Kazakh бауырсақ (bauyrsaq).
Ekserjyan
Borrowed from Armenian Էքսերճյան (Ēkʻserčyan).
Bulbulian
Borrowed from Armenian Պյուլպյուլյան (Pyulpyulyan).
Gondar
Borrowed from Amharic ጎንደር (gondär).
Sitia
From Medieval Latin Sitia, from Byzantine Greek Σητεία (Sēteía), probably from rebracketing of σε (se) + Ἠτεία (Ēteía), from Minoan.
mesple
Ultimately from Dutch mispel (“medlar”), probably via Papiamentu.
Tref Alaw
From Welsh tref; Alaw probably refers to the Afon Alaw, a river in the community.
Hoyan
From Oneida Hoyá:n, meaning "one more" or "again".
jeonse
Borrowed from Korean 전세(傳貰) (jeonse).
Gaztambide
Borrowed from Spanish Gaztambide, itself from Basque.
Bacolor
Borrowed from Spanish Bácolor, modern variant of Spanish Bacolod, from Kapampangan bakulud (“elevated piece of land; highland plain; plateau”). Compare Tagalog Bacoor and Hiligaynon Bacolod.
Komisarivka
Borrowed from Ukrainian Коміса́рівка (Komisárivka).
Shigotizh
Borrowed from Russian Шиготи́ж f anim (Šigotíž).
Shush
Borrowed from Persian شوش (šuš), from Middle Persian 𐭮𐭥𐭱𐭩 (sūš), from Old Persian 𐏂𐎢𐏁𐎠 (çūšā), from Elamite 𒀸𒋗𒊺𒂗 (šušen). Doublet of Susa and Sus.
Methana
From Latin Methana, from Ancient Greek Μέθανα (Méthana).
Pokotu
From Mandarin 博克圖 /博克图, Wade–Giles romanization: Po²-kʻo⁴-tʻu².
tertium non datur
Borrowed from Latin tertium non datur. Literally, “A third thing is not given.”.
hurkle-durkle
Etymology tree
Old Norse herpa?
Proto-Germanic *-lōną
Old English -lian
Middle English -elen
Scots -le
Scots hurkle
Scots hurkle-durklebor.
English hurkle-durkle
Borrowed from Scots hurkle-durkle (“to lounge in bed”), from hurkle. The term was introduced into English after lexicographer Susie Dent began spreading awareness of the term in 2015, and went viral on TikTok in 2024.
Gulf of Beibu
From Mandarin 北部灣 /北部湾 (Běibù Wān).
craftly
From Middle English crafftly, craftely, from Old English cræftlīc; equivalent to craft + -ly.
From Middle English craflike, craftli, craftliche, craftly, creftly, from Old English cræftlīce; equivalent to craft + -ly.
Untergrainau
Borrowed from German Untergrainau. By surface analysis, German unter- (“under-; lower”) + Grainau.
Swackhamer
Possibly from German Schwaikheimer, from Schwaikheim, a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
Abayudaya
Borrowed from Luganda Abayudaya (literally “People of Judah”).
Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins
Borrowed from Spanish, named after Bernardo O'Higgins.
hojicha
Borrowed from Japanese 焙じ茶 (hōjicha, literally “roasted tea”).
theyyam
Borrowed from Malayalam തെയ്യം (teyyaṁ).
stephano-
From Ancient Greek στέφανος (stéphanos, “wreath”).
Kuaichi
From Mandarin 會稽 /会稽, Wade–Giles romanization: Kʻuai⁴-chi¹.
Maizhokunggar
From Tibetan མལ་གྲོ་གུང་དཀར (mal gro gung dkar).
Damxung
From Tibetan འདམ་གཞུང ('dam gzhung).
Resheph
Probably from Hebrew רֶשֶׁף, but ultimately from Eblaite 𒀭𒊏𒊓𒀊 (ra-sa-ap). Cognate with Ugaritic 𐎗𐎌𐎔 (ršp), Egyptian ršpw
Cananor
Borrowed from Portuguese Cananor, itself borrowed from Malayalam കണ്ണൂർ (kaṇṇūṟ).
arseward
From arse + -ward, also already Middle English aisword, arseworde, erseward.
rigsar
Borrowed from Dzongkha རིག་གསར (rig gsar, “new idea”).
Milaner
From Late Middle English Milener, Miloner (“native of Milan”), from Milan + -er(e) (suffix denoting an inhabitant or resident). The English word is analysable as Milan + -er.
Jingzhao
The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 京兆 (Jīngzhào).
High Legh
From Old English lēah, recorded as Lege in 1086 (DB); High was added from the 15th century.
shemaya
From Persian شاه (šâh) + ماهی (mâhi).
Chungcheng
From Mandarin 中正 (Zhōngzhèng), Wade–Giles romanization: Chung¹-chêng⁴.
talkloid
Borrowed from Japanese トークロイド (tōkuroido); (analyzable as) blend of talk + VOCALOID.
Belozersk
Borrowed from Russian Белозерск (Belozersk).
Bilohorivka
From Ukrainian Білого́рівка (Bilohórivka). Compare Belogorovka.
pallido-
From Latin pallidus (“pale yellow-green”). By surface analysis, pallid- + -o-.
Belogorovka
From Russian Белого́ровка (Belogórovka). Compare Bilohorivka.
shable
Borrrowed from either Italian sciabla, Hungarian szablya or Polish szabla. Doublet of sabre.
Yuchingkou
From Mandarin 餘慶溝 /余庆沟, Wade–Giles romanization: Yü²-chʻing⁴-kou¹.
axis of resistance
Calque of Arabic مِحْوَرُ المُقَاوَمَة (miḥwaru l-muqāwama). First used in 2002 in Libya in response to George W. Bush's axis of evil.
Yoav
Borrowed from Hebrew יוֹאָב (yo'áv).
Nosferatu spider
Calque of German Nosferatu-Spinne. Named for the resemblance of its markings to the vampire Count Orlok from the 1922 movie Nosferatu.
Lesbosian
From Ancient Greek Λέσβος (Lésbos) + adjective suffix -ian, irregularly retaining -os to avoid clashing in spoken language with lesbian.
Balaibalan
From Ottoman Turkish باليبلن (bâleybelen).
Universalglot
Presumably from Latin ūniversālis (“universal”) + Ancient Greek γλῶττα (glôtta, “tongue”). By surface analysis, universal + -glot.
Spocanian
From Dutch Spokaans, from Spokanië, a fictional island group in the Atlantic Ocean. Equivalent to Spocania + -n.
Tong-King
From irregular romanization of Vietnamese Đông Kinh (“Hanoi; its former kingdom”), from đông (“east, eastern”) + kinh (“capital”), from Middle Chinese 東 (tuwng) + 京 (kjaeng), q.v.
Malappuram
Borrowed from Malayalam മലപ്പുറം (malappuṟaṁ).
Lingua Sistemfrater
From Latin lingua systēma + frater (“language of brotherhood”).
Thekkumkur
Borrowed from Malayalam തെക്കുംകൂർ (tekkuṅkūṟ).
Kasaragod
Borrowed from Malayalam കാസർഗോഡ് (kāsaṟgōḍŭ).
Pathanamthitta
Borrowed from Malayalam പത്തനംതിട്ട (pattanantiṭṭa).
Venad
Borrowed from Malayalam വേണാട് (vēṇāṭŭ).
Chalampa
From Manipuri ꯆꯂꯥꯝꯄ (calāmpa).
Othniel
From Biblical Hebrew עָתְנִיאֵל (ʿOṯnīʾēl), of uncertain meaning but at any rate ending in אֵל (ʾēl, “God”).
Keturah
From Hebrew קְטוּרָה (Qəṭūrā, “Keturah”).
lavvu
Probably from Northern Sami lávvu, ultimately from Proto-Samic *lāvō.
Bowell
Habitational surname from Norman Bouelles, a commune in present-day Seine-Maritime, France.
Rathmines
From Irish Ráth Maonais, from ráth (“hillfort”) and Maonais, genitive of Maonas, a personal name.
Chernyshevo
Borrowed from Russian Чернышево (Černyševo).
Chishminsky
Borrowed from Russian Чишми́нский (Čišmínskij).
Kakyen
From Manipuri ꯀꯛꯌꯦꯟ (kakyen).
Yoimongba
From Manipuri ꯌꯣꯏꯃꯣꯡꯕ (yoʼimongba).
Pebet
From Manipuri ꯄꯦꯕꯦꯠ (pebet).
Pepet
From Manipuri ꯄꯦꯄꯦꯠ (pepet).
percumbent
A humorous neologism and nonce word coined by Canadian sketch comedy troupe The Kids in the Hall for a 1991 episode of their eponymous Canadian sketch comedy.
In principle, Latin per- (“throughout”) + *cumbō (“to lie down”).
chism
Uncertain. Possibly from *chissen, a plural of Middle English chis, chys (“sprout”), variant of Middle English chithe, from Old English ċīþ, from Proto-West Germanic *kīþ, from Proto-Germanic *kīþą.
Drukpa Kagyu
Borrowed from Dzongkha and Tibetan འབྲུག་པ་བཀའ་བརྒྱུད ('brug pa bka' brgyud).
Pattar
Borrowed from Malayalam പട്ടർ (paṭṭaṟ).
Je Khenpo
Borrowed from Dzongkha and Tibetan རྗེ་མཁན་པོ (rje mkhan po, literally “Chief Abbot”).
Khambrangchak
Borrowed from Manipuri ꯈꯝꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯡꯆꯥꯛ (khamb͟rāngcāk).
noona
Borrowed from Korean 누나 (nuna, “older sister of a man”).
husayniyya
Borrowed from Arabic حُسَيْنِيَّة f (ḥusayniyya), from حُسَيْن (ḥusayn).
Otamatone
Borrowed from Japanese オタマトーン (otamatōn, “Otamatone”), from a blend of オタマジャクシ (otamajakushi, “ladle, tadpole”) + トーン (tōn, “tone”).
Bathou
Borrowed from Bodo (India) बाथौ (batwu).
Zhongjian Island
Partial calque of Mandarin 中建島 /中建岛 (Zhōngjiàndǎo) via Hanyu Pinyin.
Minamitorishima
From Japanese 南鳥島 (literally “Southern Bird Island”).
Koitur
Borrowed from Gondi కోఈతోర్ (kōītōr).
Har Har Mahadev
Borrowed from Hindi हर हर महादेव (har har mahādev), from Sanskrit हर हर महादेव (hara hara mahādeva).
tikkun olam
Borrowed from Hebrew תִּקּוּן עוֹלָם (tikún olám, literally “repairing the world”). The Hebrew phrase has been used to refer to a variety of things through Jewish history, including the elimination of idolatry.
tsokanye
Borrowed from Russian цо́канье (cókanʹje).
chokanye
Borrowed from Russian чо́канье (čókanʹje).
hyung
Borrowed from Korean 형(兄) (hyeong, “older brother of a man”).
Frithville
Recorded as Le Frith in 1331, from Old English fyrhth (“sparse woodland”), with the later addition of + -ville.
Behun
From Slovak Behúň, from behúň, or a related language.
Bosmajian
A variant of Basmajian, from Armenian Բասմաջյան (Basmaǰyan).
Tarverdian
Borrowed from Armenian Թարվերդյան (Tʻarverdyan).
Kraskino
Borrowed from Russian Кра́скино (Kráskino).
Andriivka
From Ukrainian Андрі́ївка (Andríjivka). Compare Andreyevka.
ahjussi
Borrowed from Korean 아저씨 (ajeossi).
North Jeolla
Borrowed from Korean 전라북도(全羅北道) (Jeollabukdo).
Llantwit Fardre
From Welsh, partly llan + (Saint) Illtud.
Kleverlandish
Calque of Dutch Kleverlands, German Kleverländisch, from Kleverland, from the town of Kleve (“Cleves”).
Chiating
From Mandarin 嘉定 (Jiādìng), Wade–Giles romanization: Chia¹-ting⁴.
Minqin
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 民勤 (Mínqín).
Liangzhou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 涼州 /凉州 (Liángzhōu).
Gulang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 古浪 (Gǔlàng).
Frutiger Aero
Coined by Consumer Aesthetics Research Institute member Sofi Lee in 2017. From Frutiger (“a sans-serif typeface”), from German Frutiger, the surname of its designer in turn meaning “of Frutigen”, and (Windows) Aero (“a design language”), a backronym for Authentic, Energetic, Reflective, and Open.
Chiyuan
From Mandarin 濟源 /济源 (Jǐyuán), Wade–Giles romanization: Chi³-yüan².
Shangsi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 上思 (Shàngsī).
Dongxing
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東興／东兴 (Dōngxīng).
Gangkou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 港口 (Gǎngkǒu).
Jamin
From Hebrew יָמִין (yamin, “right hand or right side”).
Chunghsing
From Mandarin 中興 /中兴 (Zhōngxīng), Wade–Giles romanization: Chung¹-hsing¹.
xenointoxication
From xeno- (“From a donor of another species”) + intoxication. The term first appeared as a translation of Spanish xenointoxicación, both attested in an Argentinan research article in December 1948.
Ocheretyne
From Ukrainian Очере́тине (Očerétyne).
ponchik
From Russian по́нчик (pónčik) or Yiddish פּאָנטשיק (pontshik). Doublet of pączek.
sosiska
From Russian соси́ска (sosíska), from French saucisse (“sausage (hot dog style)”) (whence English saucisse) + Russian -ка (-ka, diminutive suffix), from Old French saucice (whence English sausage).
corn cheese
Calque of Korean 콘치즈 (konchijeu), itself a pseudo-anglicism from English corn + cheese.
nosognosia
From the Ancient Greek νόσος (nósos, “disease”) and γνῶσις (gnôsis, “knowledge”).
Deheubarth
Borrowed from Welsh Deheubarth, from deheubarth (“southern region”).
edling
Borrowed from Welsh edling, from Middle Welsh edling, edlyg, from Old English eþeling, Mercian form of æþeling, possibly through an intermediate Middle English *edelyng. Doublet of atheling.
The modern pronunciation with /d/ is either a spelling pronunciation (in Middle Welsh, represented /ð/) or represents the development of earlier /ðl/ into /dl/ in Middle English.
Changjin
Borrowed from Korean 장진(長津) (Jangjin).
krembo
From Hebrew קְרֶמְבּוֹ (krembo), from קְרֵם (k'rem, “cream”) + בּוֹ (bo, “in it”). The name was coined by the first manufacturer, the Whitman Company.
holubky
From Czech holubky and Slovak holubky. Doublet of golabki.
Stambolian
Borrowed from Armenian Ստամպոլյան (Stampolyan).
pirohy
From Czech pirohy and Slovak pirohy. Doublet of pierogi (from Polish), pirogi (from Russian), and pyrohy (from Ukrainian).
Thevenot
Borrowed from French Thévenot (or its variants: Thevenot and Thèvenot).
Jankoy
From Russian and Ukrainian Джанко́й (Džankój), both from Crimean Tatar Canköy (literally “new village”).
sardelki
From Russian сарде́льки (sardélʹki), plural of сарде́лька (sardélʹka), from сарде́ль (sardélʹ, “sardine, sausage”) + -ка (-ka, diminutive suffix), from Polish sardela (“anchovy”), from Italian sardella (“sardine”), whence English sardel.
shvartser
Borrowed from Yiddish שוואַרצער (shvartser), nominative masculine singular form of שוואַרץ (shvarts, “black”).
eyethurl
From eye + thurl (“hole”), a modern calque of Old English ēagþyrel. Popularized by Susan Kelz Sperling’s 1977 book Poplollies and Bellibones: A Celebration of Lost Words (see quotation).
peach of immortality
Calque of Chinese 仙桃 (xiāntáo, literally “immortal peach”).
Vaxelaire
Borrowed from French Vaxelaire, itself from Alemannic German.
Seow
From Chinese 蕭／萧 (Cantonese: siu1, Hakka: Sêu, Hokkien: Sio, Siau, Teochew: siao1, siou1), etc.
lamian
Borrowed from Mandarin 拉麵 /拉面 (lāmiàn, “pulled noodle”). Doublet of laghman, ramen, and ramyeon.
Waxiang
From a shortening of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 瓦鄉話 /瓦乡话 (Wǎxiānghuà).
kyaraben
Borrowed from Japanese キャラ弁 (kyaraben), a contraction of キャラクター弁当 (kyarakutā bentō), itself from English character and Japanese 弁当 (bentō).
Phu Lam
Borrowed from Vietnamese Phú Lâm (富林).
Chungsha
From Mandarin 中沙 (Zhōngshā), Wade–Giles romanization: Chung¹-sha¹.
geh kiang
From Singaporean Hokkien 假勥 (ké-khiàng, literally “fake cleverness”).
Montreuil-sur-Mer
From French Montreuil-sur-Mer (“Montreuil-by-the-Sea”), distinguishing it from the numerous other places named Montreuil.
Jiuduansha
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 九段沙 (Jiǔduànshā).
malchick
From Russian ма́льчик (málʹčik, “boy; lad”).
Zarabi
Borrowed from Persian ضرابی (Zarrâbi), "master of the mint", from Persian ضرابخانه (zarrâb-xâne, “mint”).
gloeo-
Derived from Ancient Greek γλοιός (gloiós).
fanouropita
From Greek φανουρόπιτα (fanourópita), from Φανούριος (Fanoúrios, “Saint Phanourios”) + -ό- (-ó-, linking vowel) + πίτα (píta, “pita, pie”).
Huanggu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 皇姑 (Huánggū).
chee cheong fun
Borrowed from Cantonese 豬腸粉／猪肠粉 (zyu1 coeng4 fan2).
becocked
Probably from German bekackt (“shitty”, literally “covered in shit”), from German kacken (“to shit”), or its Yiddish cognate באַקאַקט (bakakt). Compare older English becacked, from becack, with the same meaning.
Montceau-les-Mines
Borrowed from French Montceau-les-Mines.
tukkhum
Borrowed from Chechen тукхам (tuqam), from Old Persian tau(h)ma.
Bellsund
Borrowed from Norwegian Bellsund, itself a reborrowing from Bell Sound, named by Jonas Poole because of a local bell-shaped mountain (now known as Klokkefjellet).
According to Soviet sources, named after a big ancient bell raised by a Pomor merchant Ivan Starostin (or his ancestors), although this bell was located in Starostin Cape area far away from Bellsund many years after Poole’s expedition.
glutinaceous
From Latin glūtin-, stem of glūten, + -aceous.
Pussy
From French Pussy, claimed to be from an inherited Roman personal name Pussius.
clunter
From Middle Dutch clonter (modern Dutch klonter (“lump, clod”), an extension of Middle Dutch clont (“shapeless mass, clump”), related to Middle Low German klunter, klünter (“lump”), German Low German Klunter (“clump, clod”), Saterland Frisian Kluntje (“sugar cube”).
From Middle Dutch clonteren (“to clot”), whence Dutch klonteren (“to become lumpy”). Cognate with West Frisian klonterje (“to become lumpy”), German Low German kluntern (“to curdle”).
Origin obscure. Cognate with Scots clanter (“to make a clattering noise”). Perhaps from Middle English clondren (“to drone, hum”); alternatively, from clunt (“to walk noisily; tread heavily”) + -er (frequentative suffix). Compare also Middle Low German klunderen (“to rumble, make a noise”).
clunt
Origin obscure. Likely from Middle Low German klunden (“to rumble, make noise, swallow loudly, gurgle, speak in a gurgling manner”). Compare also Scots clunk (“to walk heavily”), where the shift from -t to -k is a regular occurrence.
nares-jux
Borrowed from Northern Khanty нарс йўх (nars jŭh).
Quemenes
From French Quémènès, from Breton Kemenez, from enez (“island”).
saraph
From Biblical Hebrew שָׂרָף (śārāp̄).
Draupadi
Borrowed from Sanskrit द्रौपदी (draupadī).
bidri
From Hindi [Term?], in relation to the city of Bidar where it was often produced.
kharita
From Hindi ख़रीता (xarītā), from Arabic خَرِيطَة (ḵarīṭa).
Kozachi Laheri
From Ukrainian Коза́чі Ла́гері (Kozáči Láheri, literally “Cossack Camps”). Compare Kazachi Lageri.
Krynky
From Ukrainian Кринки́ (Krynký). Compare Krinki and Krynki.
budlee
Borrowed from Hindustani बदली (badlī) / بَدلِی (badlī).
Khudabad
Borrowed from Sindhi خدا آباد (xdā ābād).
cloor
From Scots cloor, from Norwegian klore (“to scratch with the fingers, scrawl”), from Old Norse klóra (“to scrawl, scratch”), klór (“a scratching”), a frequentative verb derived from Old Norse kló (“claw”). Cognate with Icelandic klóra (“to scratch”), Faroese klóra (“to scratch, tear, claw”).
hotteok
Borrowed from Korean 호떡 (hotteok), from 호(胡)- (ho-, “foreign, i.e. Chinese”) + 떡 (tteok, “tteok”).
maknae
Borrowed from Korean 막내 (mangnae, “youngest person in a group”), transferred from its original meaning of "lastborn child".
andersmeat
Apparently from a variant of undern + -s- + meat, but perhaps via alteration of Old English undernmete (“breakfast”), unattested in this sense. Compare Middle English orendron mete.
Leow
From Chinese 廖 (Cantonese: liu6, Hakka: Liau, Hokkien: Liāu, Teochew: liao7, liou7), etc.
Chellington
Probably from the Old English female given name Ċēolwynn, a compound of ċēol (“ship”) and wynn (“joy, delight, pleasure”), + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Felmersham
According to Skeat, the first part of this placename derives from an Old English personal name *Feolomǣr, a compound of feolo (“many, much, a lot”) and mǣre (“famous, renowned”), + hām (“home”).
Radwell
From Old English rēad (“red”) + wielle (“spring, source, well”).
meetha paan
Unadapted borrowing from Hindi मीठा पान (mīṭhā pān, “sweet betel”), from मीठा (mīṭhā, “sweet, gentle”) + पान (pān, “betel leaf, paan”).
Imsouane
Borrowed from French Imsouane, from Tashelhit imswan.
Farndish
Probably from Old English fearn (“fern”) + edisċ (“eddish; pasture, enclosed pasture”).
Hinwick
Possibly from Old English henn (“hen”) + wīc (“village”).
Podington
From the Old English personal name *Poda or Puda + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).