MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
canistel
From dialectal variant of Spanish canastillo (“small basket”), from Latin canistellum, diminutive of canistrum (“basket”).
metropole
From Middle English metropol, from Middle French metropole (“town with bishop's seat”), from Latin mētropolis. Doublet of metropolis.
unworthiness
From Middle English unworthynesse; equivalent to unworthy + -ness or un- + worthiness.
windowed
From Middle English wyndowed, wyndowid, equivalent to window + -ed.
blaspheming
From Middle English blasfemyng; equivalent to blaspheme + -ing.
asparagine
From French asparagine, from Latin asparagus + French -ine. By surface analysis, asparagus + -ine.
numerary
From Latin numerarius, from numerus (“number”). Doublet of numéraire.
androecium
From New Latin; from andro- + oecium (from Ancient Greek οἰκῐ́ον (oikĭ́on), diminutive of οἶκος (oîkos, “house”)).
forasmuch
From Middle English for-as-moche, vor asemoche, for as miche, equivalent to for + as + much.
blastula
From New Latin blastula, diminutive of Ancient Greek βλαστός (blastós, “a germ, bud, sprout, shoot”), from βλαστάνω (blastánō, “to bud, sprout, grow, properly of plants, but also of animals”).
profluence
From Latin prōfluentia, from prōfluere (“to flow forth”).
sho
Borrowed from Japanese 笙 (shō).
Of modern scholarly coinage. From its Bactrian pronunciation /ʃ/, and the final omricon (ο) found at the end of almost all Bactrian words.
collocate
Borrowed from Latin collocatum, supine of collocō. Doublet of couch.
collusive
From Latin collūs- + -ive, from Latin collūdere, from con- + lūdere.
Cairene
From Latin Cairenus, from Cairo + -nus (“-ene: forming related nouns”). Equivalent to Cairo + -ene.
funt
Borrowed from Russian фунт (funt). Doublet of pfund, pood, pound, and punt.
Borrowed from Yiddish פֿונט (funt, “pound (unit of weight)”). Doublet of pfund, pood, pound, and punt.
berkovets
From Russian бе́рковец (bérkovec); derived from бе́рковеск (bérkovesk), Old East Slavic бьрковьскъ (bĭrkovĭskŭ, “of Birka”), ultimately Old Norse Birka, a port city in mediaeval Sweden.
cephalalgia
Borrowed from Ancient Greek κεφαλαλγίᾱ (kephalalgíā). By surface analysis, cephal- + -algia.
scut
From Middle English scut (“hare”); further etymology uncertain, possibly related to Middle English scut, scute (“short”), possibly from Old French escorter, escurter, or Latin excurtāre, scurtāre, from curtō (“to cut short, shorten”), from curtus (“short; shortened”) (from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”)) + -ō. A derivation from Old Norse skut, skutr (“stern of a boat”), or Icelandic skott (“animal's tail”) is thought to be unlikely.
As to sense 3 (“the female pudenda, the vulva”), see the letter of 5 June 1875 from Joseph Crosby to Joseph Parker Norris published in One Touch of Shakespeare (1986).
Uncertain, possibly a variant of scout (“(obsolete except Scotland) contemptible person”), possibly related to scout (“to reject with contempt; to scoff”), from a North Germanic language; compare Old Norse skúta, skúte (“a taunt”), probably from Proto-Germanic *skeutaną (“to shoot”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewd- (“to shoot; to throw”). Compare Old Norse skútyrði, skotyrði (“abusive language”).
Origin unknown; perhaps from scut(tle), or related to Swedish scutla (“to leap”).
soutane
Borrowed from French soutane, from Italian sottana, from Latin subtana, from subtus (“below, beneath”), from sub (“under”).
blear
From Middle English blere, related to Low German bleeroged (“bleareyed”), Middle High German blerre (“double vision”), German Blerre (“double vision”). Perhaps also related to blur.
From Middle English bleren, from Old English *blerian.
From Middle English bleren, from Old English *blǣran, related to West Frisian blearje (“to bleat, shout”), Dutch bleren, blaren (“to bellow, bleat”), German Low German blaren, blarren (“to blare, howl, shriek”), German plärren (“to howl, shriek, blare”).
footless
From Middle English fotles, from Old English *fōtlēas (only found as fēþelēas (“footless”)), from Proto-Germanic *fōtalausaz (“footless”), equivalent to foot + -less. Cognate with Dutch voetloos, German fußlos, Swedish fotlös, Icelandic fótalaus (“footless, legless”).
commendably
From late Middle English commendably; equivalent to commendable + -ly.
heavenward
From Middle English hevenward, heveneward, hefneward, equivalent to heaven + -ward.
forestalling
From Middle English forstallyng, forstallynge, equivalent to forestall + -ing.
besnowed
From Middle English besnewed, bisnewed, from Old English besnīwod (“covered with snow”), equivalent to be- + snow + -ed. The form changed from -snew- to -snow- in conformity to snow.
thirling
From Middle English thurlunge, from Old English þȳrlung (“piercing”), verbal noun of þȳrlian (“to pierce”). Equivalent to thirl + -ing.
louring
From Middle English louryng, louringe, lowrynge, later variant of lourand, lowrand, lourande, lowrande, equivalent to lour + -ing. Cognate with Dutch loerend (“lurking, louring”).
From Middle English louring, lowrynge, luring, equivalent to lour + -ing.
Jolene
A blend of the element Jo... in common anglicized forms of various Hebrew names and the ending ...lene shared by the German names Helene and Magdalene. Cognate with Charlene, Darlene, and Marlene, which were constructed in similar manner from the names Charles, darling, and Maria.
Rusio
Borrowed from French Rusio, itself from Corsican Rusiu.
kasra
Borrowed from Arabic كَسْرَة (kasra, “a breaking”), instance noun of the verb كَسَرَ (kasara, “to break”).
vigenary
From Latin vīgēnus (“twenty each”), variant of vīcēnus, + -ary. Cognate with English vicenary and vicenarious.
amenorrhoea
Via New Latin from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “not”) + μήν (mḗn, “month”) + -ροια (-roia, “flowing”).
tother
From Middle English þe toþer, from the incorrect division of thet other (“the/that other”). Compare Scots tither; English tone. More at that, other.
burnoose
From French burnous, from Arabic بُرْنُس (burnus).
gentilic
From Latin gentilis (“of a clan or gens”) + English suffix -ic.
Serendib
From Arabic سَرَنْدِيب (sarandīb), from Persian سرندیپ (sarandip), from Prakrit *𑀲𑀻𑀳𑀮𑀤𑀻𑀯 (*sīhaladīva) or Sanskrit सिंहलद्वीप (siṃhaladvīpa, “island of the Sinhala people”). See सिंहल (siṃhala, “Sri Lanka”), द्वीप (dvīpa, “island”). Related to Ceylon.
blasphemer
From Middle English blasfemour, from Old French blasfemeor; equivalent to blaspheme + -er.
commemorator
First attested in 1854; borrowed from Latin commemorātor, by surface analysis, commemorate + -or.
commonalty
From Middle English comunalte, communalte, from Old French comunalté, comunauté (modern communauté), probably from an alteration of communité, from Latin commūnitās.
Some senses are influenced by commonality.
solfeggio
Borrowed from Italian solfeggio. Doublet of solfège.
Homeric
From Latin homēricus (“of or pertaining to Homer; Homeric”), from Ancient Greek Ὁμηρικός (Homērikós), from Ὅμηρος (Hómēros, “Homer”) (possibly from ὅμηρος (hómēros, “hostage”), a nickname) + -ῐκός (-ĭkós, suffix forming relational adjectives) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-kos (suffix forming relational adjectives)); analysable as Homer + -ic.
communicator
From communicate + -or, after Latin commūnicātor (“partner, sharer, participant”); compare Middle French communicateur (“sharer, participant”).
crioulo
Borrowed from Portuguese crioulo. Doublet of creole and criollo.
From Portuguese crioulo. Doublet of Creole, Criollo, and Krio.
thig
From Middle English thiggen, from Old English þiċġan (“to take, receive, accept; ingest; eat or drink, consume, partake of”), from Proto-West Germanic *þiggjan, from Proto-Germanic *þigjaną (“to accept, receive, beg”), from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to receive”).
Cognate with Middle High German digen (“to beg, implore, beseech”), German digen (“to beg, beseech, take, get”), Swedish tigga (“to beg, mooch”), Icelandic þiggja (“to get, receive, accept”).
amper
From Middle English ampre, from Old English ampre (“a dilated vein, varix, tumour, swelling; dock, sorrel”), from Proto-West Germanic *amprō, *amprā (“dock, sorrel”), which is related to Proto-Germanic *ampraz (“sharp”). Related to aber.
metachronism
From Ancient Greek μετά (metá, “after, behind”) + χρόνος (khrónos, “time”) + -ism.
matamata
Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese matamatá, from Nheengatu and Old Tupi matamatá.
Borrowed from Māori.
comme il faut
Borrowed from French comme il faut (literally “as is necessary, as must be”).
compensatory
Borrowed from French compensatoire. By surface analysis, compensate + -ory.
comportment
From Late Middle French comportement. By surface analysis, comport + -ment.
concertmaster
From concert + master, as a calque of German Konzertmeister. Piecewise doublet of concertmeister.
convolve
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm
Proto-Italic *kom
Proto-Italic *kom-
Latin con-
Proto-Indo-European *welH-der.
Proto-Italic *wolwō
Latin volvō
Latin convolvōbor.
English convolve
Borrowed from Latin convolvere (“roll together”), from con- (“together”) + volvō (“roll”); see voluble, volute, and compare involve, evolve, revolve.
cachexia
From Late Latin cachexia or French cachexie, from Ancient Greek καχεξία (kakhexía), from κακός (kakós, “bad; injurious”) + ἕξῐς (héxĭs, “act of having; habit or state of body”) (ultimately from ἔχω (ékhō, “to have”)) + -ῐᾰ (-ĭă, suffix added to adjectives to form abstract nouns).
occipital
Borrowing from Middle French occipital, from Medieval Latin occipitālis, from occiput (“the back of the head, occiput”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix), equivalent of occiput + -al. Doublet of occipitalis.
habitude
From Middle English habitude, from Middle French habitude, from Latin habitūdō (“condition, plight, habit, appearance”), from habeō (“to have, hold, keep”).
conciliator
From Latin conciliātor. By surface analysis, conciliate + -or.
pig dog
In Sense 2, a calque of German Schweinehund. Taj Burrow offers two (perhaps fanciful) explanations for Sense 3: that surfers tend to assume a dog-like expression when in this stance (page 119) or that the stance is low and sturdy like a dog (glossary page 171).
boscage
From the Middle English boskage, from the Old French boscage, from Vulgar Latin *boscāticum, from Late Latin boscus, from Frankish *busk (compare Middle Dutch busch), from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“forest, woods”).
sublative
Borrowed from New Latin sublātīvus, from tollere (“to lift up, to elevate; to abolish”) + -īvus.
chronometry
From chrono- + -metry on the model of chronometer, q.v., ultimately from Ancient Greek χρόνος (khrónos, “time”) and μέτρον (métron, “meter, measuring device”).
crystal clear
From Middle English cristal cleer. Emphatic form of clear in visual and metaphorical “understandable” senses. Compare clear as a bell (“very clear (of sound)”).
coulter
Inherited from Middle English culter, from Old English culter, from Latin culter (“a knife”). For the phonetic development, see poultry.
tartness
From Middle English *tartnesse, from Old English teartnes (“sharpness, severity, asperity”), equivalent to tart + -ness.
pursuivant
From Middle English pursevant et al., from Old French pursuivant, present participle of pursuivre (“to follow”). Doublet of pursuant.
humanely
From Middle English humanly; equivalent to humane + -ly. Piecewise doublet of humanly.
sequent
1550s; borrowed from Middle French sequent, from Old French sequent, itself borrowed from Latin sequentem, present participle of sequī (“to follow”).
conservatism
Either irregularly from conservative + -ism or from conservate + -ism; ultimately from Latin cōnservāre (“to conserve; to keep, guard, observe”).
Chilpancingo
Borrowed from Spanish Chilpancingo, from a Nahuan language.
Kali Yuga
Unadapted borrowing from Sanskrit कलियुग (kaliyuga, “age of darkness”), from कलि (kali, “Kali, Kalipurush, demon of corruption”) + युग (yuga, “yuga”). Some etymologies claim it was named after the worst throw in an ancient Indian dice game.
Shahab
From Persian شهاب (šahâb, literally “meteor”), from Arabic شِهَاب (šihāb).
Mixtec
Borrowed from Spanish mixteco, alteration of mixteca, from Classical Nahuatl mixtēcah (“Mixtecs”, plural).
depilate
First attested in 1575; borrowed from Latin dēpilātus, perfect passive participle of dēpilō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
directorium
From Latin dīrēctōrium (literally “guide”). Doublet of directory.
ELOT
From Greek ΕΛΟΤ (ELOT), from Ο Ελληνικός Οργανισμός Τυποποίησης (O Ellinikós Organismós Typopoíisis, “the Hellenic Organisation for Standardisation”).
programma
Borrowed from Ancient Greek πρόγραμμα (prógramma). Doublet of program.
protomartyr
From Middle English prothomartir, prothomartyr, from Middle French prothomartir and Medieval Latin prōtomartyr, from Koine Greek πρωτομάρτυς (prōtomártus). By surface analysis, proto- + martyr.
gleaner
From Middle English glenar, glenere, equivalent to glean + -er.
Cairns
* As a Scottish surname, from Scots cairn, describing a manmade heap or mound of stones.
* As an Irish surname, from Ó Ciaráin, Anglicized as Kieran and Kearns, sometimes conflated with the Scottish above.
convolvulus
From Latin convolvulus (“bindweed; caterpillar”), from convolvō (“convolve”).
constructor
From Medieval Latin cōnstrūctor, from Latin cōnstruō (“to build”). By surface analysis, construct + -or.
traverso
Borrowed from Italian traverso (or flauto traverso). Doublet of transverse.
loos
From Middle English loos, lōs (“reputation, renown, fame, infamy, rumor, news”), from Old French los, from Latin laus (“praise, glory, fame, renown”). Doublet of laud.
Aichi
Borrowed from Japanese 愛(あい)知(ち) (Aichi).
warm the cockles of someone's heart
PIE word
 *ḱḗr
Either from:
* the similarity of a closed cockle (“European bivalve mollusk of the family Cardiidae”) to a heart; or
* a corruption of Latin cochleae (“ventricles”) in cochleae cordis (“ventricles of the heart”).
The term cockles of [someone’s] heart is first attested in 1671: see the quotation.
lapsus linguae
From Latin lāpsus linguae (literally “slip or fault of the tongue”), from lāpsus (“fault”) and linguae (the genitive form of lingua (“tongue”)).
obeah
Uncertain; apparently from a Caribbean creole, probably ultimately from a West African language. The Oxford English Dictionary points to Igbo abià (“knowledge, wisdom”), obìa (“doctor, healer”). Cognate of Aukan obiya, Saramaccan obia, and Sranan Tongo obia.
obedientiary
From Medieval Latin obedientiarius, from Latin oboedientia (“obedience”) + la + -arius.
By surface analysis, from obedient + -i- (“connecting vowel”) + -ary.
obelus
From Middle English obelus, obelo, from Old English obelus, from Late Latin obelus (“critical mark”), from Koine Greek ὀβελός (obelós, “critical mark”), Ancient Greek ὀβελός (obelós, “rod, spit; obelisk; critical mark”). The further etymology is uncertain; a derivation from βέλος (bélos, “arrow, dart, missile”) (from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to pierce; to reach; to throw; to hit by throwing”)) has been suggested, but the initial vowel remains unexplained. Compare obelisk.
The plural form obeli is derived from Late Latin obeli, from Ancient Greek ὀβελοί (obeloí).
oast
From Middle English ost, from Old English āst (“a kiln”), from Proto-Germanic *aistaz (“kiln”), from *aisǭ (“fire”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydʰ- (“to burn; fire”). Cognate with Dutch eest (“kiln”), Middle Low German eiste (“kiln”), Latin aedes (“house; hearth”), Old English ād (“fire; funeral pyre”).
gillie
From Scottish Gaelic gille (“helper”), from Middle Irish gilla (“youth, young man; boy, male child; messenger, page, servant”), possibly borrowed from Old Norse gildr (“brawny, stout; of full worth”). Compare Irish giolla (“boy”).
intelligence quotient
Calque of German Intelligenzquotient. Coined in 1912 by German psychologist William Stern.
conqueress
From Middle English conqueresse, conquiris, conquires, probably from Old French; equivalent to conquer + -ess.
unchristian
Alternation (due to Christian) of Middle English uncristen, uncristene, from Old English uncristen (“unchristian”),
equivalent to un- + Christian. Compare West Frisian onkristen, Dutch onkristen (obsolete Dutch onchristen), Danish ukristen, Swedish okristen, Icelandic ókristinn.
consultative
From Latin-type *cōnsultātīvus (probably used in Medieval Latin), from cōnsultāt-, past participial stem of cōnsultō, + -īvus. By surface analysis, consult + -ative.
seel
From Middle English sel, sele, from Old English *sǣle (“good, fortunate, happy”) (attested in Old English unsǣle (“evil, wicked”)), from Proto-Germanic *sēliz (“good, happy”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel-, *sēl- (“to calm, quiet, be favourable”). Cognate with Danish sæl (“blissful”), Dutch zalig (“blissful”), Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃 (sēls, “good, kind, useful”), Icelandic sæll (“blissful”), Latin sōlor (“to comfort, console”), Swedish säll (“blissful”).
From Middle English sele, sel, from Old English sǣl (“time, occasion, a fit time, season, opportunity, the definite time at which an event should take place, time as in bad or good times, circumstances, condition, position, happiness, joy, good fortune, good time, prosperity”), from Proto-Germanic *sēliz (“luck, joy”), from Proto-Indo-European *sel-, *sēl- (“to calm, quiet, be favourable”). Cognate with Icelandic sæla (“bliss”), Dutch zalig (“blissful, blessed”). More at silly.
From Middle English silen, from Old French siller, ciller (“to sew up the eyelids of, hoodwink, wink”), from cil (“eyelid”), from Latin cilium (“eyelid, eyelash”).
Ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *sīgan (“to drop”). Compare Low German sielen (“to lead off water”), French siller (“to run ahead, to make headway”), and English sile (transitive verb).
sudd
Borrowed from Arabic سُدّ (sudd, “dam, barrier”).
From an inflected form of Arabic سد; not related to Sudan.
pua
Borrowed from Hindi पुआ (puā).
Borrowed from Spanish Pua, from Hokkien 潘 (Phoaⁿ).
contributory
From earlier contributary, from Middle English contributarie, from con- + tributarie after Middle French contributaire.
analects
First attested in 1658, from Ancient Greek ἀνάλεκτα (análekta, “things chosen”), from ἀνα- (ana-, “up”) + λέγω (légō, “I gather”). Compare lecture.
From James Legge's 1861 translation of the work's Mandarin Chinese title 論語 (Lúnyǔ). "Analects" itself is a 1658 Ancient Greek loanword from ἀνάλεκτα (análekta, “things chosen”), from ἀνα- (ana-, “up”) + λέγειν (légein, “to gather”). Compare lecture.
Rubik's cube
Calque of Hungarian Rubik-kocka, named after the inventor Ernő Rubik.
cutler
From Middle English coteler (“knife-maker”), from Anglo-Norman cuteler, from Old French coutelier (“knife-maker”).
hanko
Borrowed from Japanese 版行(はんこ) (hanko).
From Finnish Hanko.
Both from Polish Hanko and Czech Hanko.
quinary
From the Latin quīnārius (“containing five each”), from quīnī (“five each”, “five at a time”) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary); compare the French quinaire, the Italian quinario, and the Portuguese quinário. Doublet of quinarius.
alizarin
Borrowed from French alizarine, corresponding to alizari + -in.
stipple
Probably from Dutch stippel (“small dot”), originally applied to the dots themselves and later to the technique.
tricenary
From Latin trīcēnārius, from trīcēnus (“thirty each”) + -ārius (“-ary: forming adjectives and related nouns”).
From Medieval Latin trīcēnārium, from Latin trīcēnārius + -ium.
concept
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm
Proto-Italic *kom
Proto-Italic *kom-
Latin con-
Proto-Indo-European *kap-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *kapyéti
Proto-Italic *kapjō
Old Latin kapiō
Latin capiō
Ancient Greek σῠλλᾰμβᾰ́νω (sŭllămbắnō)calq.
Latin concipiō
Proto-Indo-European *-tus
Proto-Italic *-tus
Latin -tus
Latin conceptusder.
Middle French conceptbor.
English concept
Borrowed from Middle French concept, from Latin conceptus (“a thought, purpose, also a conceiving, etc.”), from concipiō (“to take in, conceive”). Doublet of conceit and concetto. See conceive.
Kirkwall
A folk-etymological alteration of Scots Kirkwaa, from Norn Kirkavå (literally “church bay”), from Old Norse Kirkjuvágr.
Lerwick
From Norn Larvik, from Old Norse Leirvík, from leir (“clay”) + vík (“bay”).
hexapod
From hexa- + -pod, from Ancient Greek ἑξαποδ- (hexapod-), oblique stem of ἑξάπους (hexápous, “six-footed”), from ἑξα- (hexa-, “six”) + πούς (poús, “foot”).
countervail
From Anglo-Norman countrevaloir (Old French contrevaloir), from Latin contrā valēre (“to be strong against”).
cowherd
From Middle English couherde, from Old English cūhierde, equivalent to cow + herd (“herder”). Doublet of Coward (the surname). Cognate with German Kuhhirte (“cowherd”). Compare shepherd, goatherd, swineherd, etc.
criminality
From French criminalité, from Latin criminalitas, from Latin criminalis. By surface analysis, criminal + -ity.
cross-dressing
From cross- + dressing, a calque of German Transvestismus.
somen
Borrowed from Japanese 素麺 (sōmen, “white noodles”).
pausa
From Latin pausa (“break”), from Ancient Greek παῦσις (paûsis). Doublet of pause.
Africana
From Latin āfricāna, the neuter plural of āfricānus (“African”). By surface analysis, Africa + -ana (“things (plural)”), analogous to Americana. First attested in 1908.
cruller
Borrowed from Dutch kruller (“curler”), from krullen + -er.
cursedly
From Middle English cursedly, cursidli, curstely, corsedlich, equivalent to cursed + -ly.
drowse
The verb is either:
* a back-formation from drowsy, which is attested earlier; or
* possibly from Middle English *drousen (no known attestations), from Old English drūsan, drūsian (“to droop, sink; to become feeble, inactive, low, or slow, drowse”), from Proto-Germanic *drūsijaną (“to look down; mourn”) (possibly merged with *dreusaną (“to fall”)), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewHs- (“to break off; to fall down”).
The noun is derived from the verb.
cognates
* Danish drøse (“to be negligent; to slow down”)
* Dutch drozen (“to doze; muse”)
* German trauern (“to mourn, be sad”)
* Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽 (driusan, “to fall; to fall down”)
* Norwegian døse (“to drowse”)
* Old English drēosan (“to fall; to perish; to rush”) (whence Middle English dresen (“to fall down”))
* Swedish drösa (“to be slow”)
cassiterite
From Ancient Greek κασσίτερος (kassíteros, “tin”).
ayat
Borrowed from Persian آیت, from Arabic آيَة (ʔāya, “sign, token”).
yeo
From Middle English ea, eo, from Old English ēa (“running water, water, stream, river”), from Proto-West Germanic *ahu, from Proto-Germanic *ahwō (“waters, river”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ekʷeh₂ (“water, flowing water”). Doublet of aqua. Compare ea, Eau, eau.
Borrowed from Hokkien 楊／杨 (Iûⁿ, Iôⁿ), Teochew 楊／杨 (ion5), Teochew 姚 (io5), etc.
Borrowed from Korean 여(呂) (Yeo).
Bolshevism
Borrowed from Russian большеви́зм (bolʹševízm, “Bolshevism”), from большинство (bolʹšinstvo, “majority, most”) (referring to the fact that the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party won on the majority of the important issues at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1903) + -и́зм (-ízm, “-ism”, suffix forming the names of systems, schools of thought or theories based on the names of their subjects or objects). большинство is derived from большо́й (bolʹšój, “great, large”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bel-) + -ство (-stvo, suffix forming a neuter noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a relation, social status, scientific discipline, quality or state) (from Proto-Slavic *-ьstvo (suffix forming nouns denoting a condition or state)).
cerargyrite
By surface analysis, cer- + argyr- + -ite. First element from Ancient Greek κέρας (kéras, “horn”).
parotid gland
From Ancient Greek παρωτίς (parōtís, “(gland) behind the ear”), from παρά (pará, “behind”) + οὖς (oûs, “ear”).
barelegged
From Middle English barelegyde, barlegged, from the phrase bare legs, equivalent to bare + legged.
hugger-mugger
Unknown; perhaps from Anglo-Irish cuggermugger (“a whispering, a low-voiced gossiping”), from Irish cogar (“whisper”). Compare also Scots hudge-mudge, hody-moke, Swedish mjugg (“stealth, secrecy”).
tsuga
Borrowing from Japanese 栂 (tsuga, “hemlock (tree)”).
balefire
From Middle English bale-fyre, from Old English bǣlfȳr (“balefire, funeral or sacrificial fire”); equivalent to bale (“funeral pyre”) + fire.