MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
October
From Middle English, borrowed from Old French octobre, from Latin Octōber (“eighth month”), from Latin octō (“eight”), from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw (“twice four”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix; October was the eighth month in the Roman calendar.
November
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥
Proto-Italic *nowən
Latin novem
Latin November
Latin november
Old French novembrebor.
Middle English Novembre
English November
From Middle English Novembre, from Old French novembre, from Latin November (“ninth month”), from Latin novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix. November was the ninth month in the Roman calendar.
Displaced native Old English blōtmōnaþ (literally “sacrifice month”), so called because the Anglo-Saxons, when they were pagans, would sacrifice in this month before the winter set in.
day
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ-?
Proto-Germanic *dagaz
Proto-West Germanic *dag
Old English dæġ
Middle English day
English day
Inherited from Middle English day, from Old English dæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *dag, from Proto-Germanic *dagaz (“day”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots day, dei, dey, dy (“day”), Yola daie, dei, dey, die (“day”), North Frisian dai, doi, däi (“day”), Saterland Frisian Dai (“day”), West Frisian dei (“day”), Bavarian Dåg, Tåg (“day”), Central Franconian Daach (“day”), Cimbrian tag, tage (“day”), Dutch dag, dagge (“day”), German Tag (“day”), German Low German Dag, Dagg (“day”), Limburgish Daach, Daag (“day”), Luxembourgish Dag (“day”), Mòcheno ta (“day”), Vilamovian taog (“day”), West Flemish dag (“day”), Yiddish טאָג (tog, “day”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, and Swedish dag (“day”), Faroese and Icelandic dagur (“day”), Norn dagh (“day”), Crimean Gothic tag (“day”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍃 (dags, “day”), Vandalic *dag- (“day”); also Breton deviñ (“to burn”), Cornish dewi (“to kindle”), Irish daigh (“fire, flame”), dóigh (“to burn, singe; sear, scorch”), Manx daah (“to scorch, singe; to cauterize”), Scottish Gaelic dòth (“scorch, singe; burn”), Welsh deifio (“to scorch, singe”), Latin foveō (“to warm, keep warm”), Greek τέφρα (téfra, “ash, cinder”), Albanian dhez, ndez (“to kindle, light”), Old Prussian dagis (“summer”), Armenian հրդեհ (hrdeh, “fire”), Sanskrit दह् (dah, “to burn, consume by fire, scorch, roast”).
Monday
From Middle English Monday, Monenday, from Old English mōnandæġ (“day of the moon”), from Proto-West Germanic *mānini dag, a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Lūnae, equivalent to Moon + day. See also Japanese 月曜日 (“Moon's day”).
Cognates
Compare Scots Monanday (“Monday”), Yola Mondei (“Monday”), Saterland Frisian Moundai (“Monday”), West Frisian moandei (“Monday”), Alemannic German meintog, miantag, méntag, mìntàg, mäntag, Määntig (“Monday”), Bavarian Monda, Mondåg, montach, monti (“Monday”), Cimbrian matak, menta, méentag (“Monday”), Dutch maandag (“Monday”), German Montag (“Monday”), German Low German Maandag (“Monday”), Luxembourgish Méindeg (“Monday”), Mòcheno ma'ta (“Monday”), Pennsylvania German Mundaag, Muundaag (“Monday”), Vilamovian möntaog (“Monday”), West Flemish moandag (“Monday”), Yiddish מאָנטיק (montik, “Monday”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål mandag (“Monday”), Faroese mánadagur (“Monday”), Icelandic mánudagur (“Monday”), Norwegian Nynorsk, Swedish måndag (“Monday”), Finnish maanantai (“Monday”).
Tuesday
From Middle English Tewesday, from Old English tīwesdæġ (“Tuesday”), from Proto-West Germanic *Tīwas dag (“Tuesday”, literally “Tiw's Day”).
This was a Germanic interpretation of Latin diēs Mārtis, itself a translation of Ancient Greek Ἄρεως ἡμέρα (Áreōs hēméra) (interpretatio romana). Cognate with Scots Tysday (“Tuesday”), Saterland Frisian Täisdai (“Tuesday”), West Frisian tiisdei (“Tuesday”), dialectal German Ziestag (“Tuesday”), Danish tirsdag (“Tuesday”), Swedish tisdag (“Tuesday”), Finnish tiistai (“Tuesday”). More at Tyr, day.
Wednesday
From Middle English Wednesday, from unattested Old English *wēdnesdæġ (“Wednesday”), synchronically an i-mutated form of attested wōdnesdæġ (itself from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdanas dag, its reflex Middle English Wodnesdei falling into disuse), from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdinas dag also attested in Old Frisian wednesdei and Middle Dutch wenesdach. In any case, a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Mercuriī (“day of Mercury”) and Koine Ancient Greek ἡμέρα (hēméra, “day”) Ἑρμοῦ (Hermoû, “of Hermes”), via an association of the god Odin (“Woden”) with Mercury and Hermes. See also Japanese 水曜日 (“Mercury's day”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots Wadensday (“Wednesday”), Yola Wennesdei (“Wednesday”), West Frisian woansdei (“Wednesday”), Afrikaans Woensdag (“Wednesday”), Central Franconian Jodesdaach (“Wednesday”), Dutch, West Flemish woensdag (“Wednesday”), Dutch Low Saxon woensdag, woonsdag, wonsdag (“Wednesday”), German Wodenstag, Wotanstag (“Wednesday”), Low German Goonsdag, Woonsdag (“Wednesday”), Danish, Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk, Swedish onsdag (“Wednesday”), Faroese ónsdagur (“Wednesday”), Icelandic óðinsdagur (“Wednesday”).
Thursday
From Middle English Thursday, Thuresday, from Old English þursdæġ, þuresdæġ (“Thursday”), possibly from a contraction of þunresdæġ (“Thursday”, literally “Thor's day”), but more likely of North Germanic origin, from Old Norse þórsdagr; all from Proto-West Germanic *Þunras dag (“day of the thunder god”). Compare West Frisian tongersdei, German Low German Dunnersdag, Dutch donderdag, German Donnerstag, Danish torsdag. More at thunder, day.
A calque of Latin diēs Iovis (diēs Jovis), via an association (interpretātiō germānica) of the god Thor with the Roman god of thunder Jove (Jupiter).
Friday
From Middle English Friday, from Old English frīġedæġ. Compound of Frīġ and dæġ (“day”), from Proto-West Germanic *Frījā dag, a calque of Latin diēs Veneris, via an association (interpretātiō germānica) of the goddess Frigg with the Roman goddess of love Venus. See also friend.
Compare West Frisian freed, German Low German Freedag, Friedag, Dutch vrijdag, German Freitag, Danish fredag.
Old Norse Frigg (genitive Friggjar), Old Saxon Fri, and Old English Frīġ are derived from Proto-Germanic *Frijjō. Frigg is cognate with Sanskrit प्रिया (priyā́, “wife”). The root also appears in Old Saxon fri (“beloved lady”); in Swedish fria, in Danish and Norwegian as fri (“to propose for marriage”); a related meaning exists in Icelandic as frjá (“to love”) and similarly in Dutch vrijen (“to make love (to have sex)”).
Compare Japanese 金曜日.
Saturday
From Middle English Saterday, from Old English sæterdæġ, earlier sæternesdæġ (“Saterday”, literally “Saturn's day”), from Proto-West Germanic *Sāturnas dag; a translation of Latin diēs Saturnī. Compare West Frisian saterdei (“Saturday”), Dutch zaterdag (“Saturday”), German Low German Saterdag (“Saturday”).
Sunday
From Middle English Sonday, from Old English sunnandæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *Sunnōn dag (literally “day of the Sun”), equivalent to sun + day, as a calque (interpretātiō germānica) of Latin diēs Sōlis; declared the "venerable day of the sun" by Roman Emperor Constantine on March 7, 321 C.E.
Compare Saterland Frisian Sundai (“Sunday”), German Low German Sünndag, Dutch zondag, West Frisian snein, German Sonntag, Danish søndag.
antonym
From French antonyme (1840s and 1850s), which was modeled on earlier synonyme and influenced by the etymons of Ancient Greek ἀντωνυμία (antōnumía, “pronoun”); credit for popularization of the French loanword's naturalization into English is given principally to Charles John Smith and his 1867 book Synonyms and Antonyms: Or, Kindred Words and Their Opposites. Collected and Contrasted. By surface analysis, ant- + -onym.
connotation
Borrowed from Medieval Latin connotātiō, from connotō (“to mark in addition”), from Latin con- (“together, with”) + notō (“to note”); equivalent to connote + -ation.
denotation
From Late Latin dēnotātiō, from Latin dēnotāre (“to denote, mark out”) + -tiō (suffix forming nouns of action), from dē- (“completely”) + notāre (“to mark”); equivalent to denote + -ation.
synonym
From Middle English sinonyme, from Latin synōnymum, from Ancient Greek συνώνυμον (sunṓnumon), neuter singular form of συνώνυμος (sunṓnumos, “synonymous”), from σύν (sún, “with”) + ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”). By surface analysis, syn- + -onym.
dialect
From Middle French dialecte, from Latin dialectos, dialectus, from Ancient Greek διάλεκτος (diálektos, “conversation, the language of a country or a place or a nation, the local idiom which derives from a dominant language”), from διαλέγομαι (dialégomai, “to participate in a dialogue”), from διά (diá, “inter, through”) + λέγω (légō, “to speak”); by surface analysis, dia- + -lect.
hyponym
From hyp- + -onym or hypo- + -nym; from Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupó, “under”) + ὄνυμα (ónuma) ("appellation"), a Doric specific dialectal form of ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”).
semantics
From French sémantique, displacing earlier semasiology. From Ancient Greek σημαντικός (sēmantikós). By surface analysis, semantic + -ics.
false friend
Calque of French faux-ami, from the longer phrase faux amis du traducteur (“false friends of a translator”), first used by Maxime Kœssler and Jules Derocquigny in 1928 in their book Les Faux Amis ou les trahisons du vocabulaire anglais (False Friends, or the Pitfalls of the English Vocabulary).
noun
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥
Proto-Italic *nōmn̥
Latin nōmen
Anglo-Norman noun, non, nombor.
Middle English noun
English noun
Inherited from Middle English noun, from Anglo-Norman noun, non, nom, from Latin nōmen (“name; noun”). The grammatical sense in Latin was a semantic loan from Koine Greek ὄνομα (ónoma). Doublet of name and nomen.
hour
From Middle English houre, hour, oure, from Old French houre, from Latin hōra (“hour”), from Ancient Greek ὥρα (hṓra, “any time or period, whether of the year, month, or day”), from Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year, season”). Akin to Old English ġēar (“year”). Doublet of hora and year. Compare horary.
Partly displaced native Old English tīd (“time, hour”), whence Modern English tide.
minute
From Middle English mynute, minute, mynet, from Old French minute, from Medieval Latin minūta (“60th of an hour; note”). Doublet of menu and menudo.
Borrowed from Latin minūtus (“small", "petty”), perfect passive participle of minuō (“make smaller”).
etymology
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *set-?
Ancient Greek ἐτεός (eteós)der.?
Ancient Greek ἔτῠμος (étŭmos)
Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-
Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos)
Ancient Greek -λογος (-logos)
Ancient Greek ἐτῠμόλογος (etŭmólogos)
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂
Proto-Hellenic *-íā
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)
Ancient Greek ἐτῠμολογῐ́ᾱ (etŭmologĭ́ā)bor.
Latin etymologiader.
Old French ethimologiebor.
Middle English ethymologie
English etymology
From Middle English ethymologie, from Old French ethimologie, from Latin etymologia, from Ancient Greek ἐτυμολογία (etumología), from ἔτυμον (étumon, “true sense”) and -λογία (-logía, “study or logic of”), from λόγος (lógos, “word; explanation”). Equivalent to etymon + -ology.
swap
From Middle English swappen (“to swap”), originally meaning "to hurl" or "to strike", the word alludes to striking hands together when making an exchange; probably from Old English *swappian, a secondary form of Old English swāpan (“to swoop”). Cognate with German schwappen (“to slosh, slop”). Compare also Middle English swippen (“to strike, hit”), from Old English swipian (“to scourge, strike, beat, lash”), Old Norse svipa (“to swoop, flash, whip, look after, look around”). More at swipe.
From Middle English swap, swappe (“a blow, strike, lash from a whip”), from the verb (see Etymology 1 above).
trade
From Middle English trade (“path, course of conduct”), introduced into English by Hanseatic merchants, from Middle Low German trade (“track, course”), from Old Saxon trada (“spoor, track”), from Proto-West Germanic *tradu, from Proto-Germanic *tradō (“track, way”), and cognate with Old English tredan (“to tread”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dreh₂- (“to tread, walk, step, run”).
Cognate with Dutch trade, tra (“path, trail, course, trade”), German Low German Traad (“track, wagon trail”), Luxembourgish Tratt (“step, pace”), Icelandic tröð (“a lane between fences, enclosure, pen”).
quid pro quo
Borrowed from Latin quid prō quō (literally “something for something”).
verb
From Middle English verbe, directly from Latin verbum (“word, verb”), reinforced by Old French verbe, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo-. Doublet of verve and word.
adjective
From Middle English adjectif, adjective, from Old French adjectif, from Latin adiectivus, from adiciō + -īvus, from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + iaciō (“throw”). The Latin word adiectivus in turn was a calque of Ancient Greek ἐπιθετικόν (epithetikón, “added”), a derivative of the compound verb ἐπιτίθημι (epitíthēmi), from which also comes epithet.
craft
Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *krafjaną
Proto-Indo-European *-tus
Proto-Germanic *-þuz
Proto-Germanic *kraftuz
Proto-West Germanic *kraftu
Old English cræft
Middle English craft
English craft
Inherited from Middle English craft (“strength, skill”), from Old English cræft (“strength, skill”), from Proto-West Germanic *kraftu, from Proto-Germanic *kraftuz (“strength, power”); further origin obscure.
Cognate with German Kraft (“strength, power, force, energy, employee”) and Danish kraft (“strength, power, force”).
* As an English surname, from the noun craft.
* Also as an English surname, from Croft in Leicestershire.
* As a German, Jewish, Danish, and Swedish surname, Americanized from Kraft.
patronage
From Middle English patronage, from Old French patronage (modern French patronage). Equivalent to patron + -age. Piecewise doublet of patternage.
deal
From Middle English del, dele, from Old English dǣl (“part, share, portion”), from Proto-West Germanic *daili, from Proto-Germanic *dailiz (“part, deal”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰ(h₁)-oy-lo- (“part, watershed”). Cognate with Scots dele (“part, portion”), West Frisian diel (“part, share”), Dutch deel (“part, share, portion”), German Teil (“part, portion, section”), Danish, Slovene, and Swedish del (“part”), Icelandic deila (“division, contention”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (dails, “portion”). Related to Old English dāl (“portion”). More at dole.
From Middle English delen, from Old English dǣlan (“to divide, part”), from Proto-West Germanic *dailijan, from Proto-Germanic *dailijaną (“to divide, part, deal”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰail- (“part, watershed”).
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian diele (“to divide, separate”), Dutch delen, German teilen, Swedish dela; and with Lithuanian dalinti (“divide”), Russian дели́ть (delítʹ).
From Middle English dele (“plank”), from Middle Low German dele, from Old Saxon thili, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *þiljǭ (“plank, board”); cognate with Old English þille. Doublet of thill.
From Old English dæl (“valley”), corresponding to modern dale.
merchandise
Etymology tree
Anglo-Norman marchaundisebor.
Proto-Italic *merks
Latin merx
Latin mercor
Proto-Indo-European *-tus
Proto-Italic *-tus
Latin -tus
Latin mercātus
Vulgar Latin *mercātāntem
Vulgar Latin *mercātāntem
Old French marcheant
Old French -ise
Old French marcheandisebor.
Middle English marchaundise
English merchandise
From Middle English marchaundise (“commerce, trading; buying; business transaction, deal; merchandise, goods, wares; possessions”), from Anglo-Norman marchaundise and Old French marcheandise (modern French marchandise), from Old French marcheant (“seller, vendor”) (ultimately from Latin mercātus (“buying and selling, trade, traffic; market; marketplace”), possibly originally Etruscan) + -ise (suffix forming feminine nouns, often denoting a quality or state). The English word is analysable as merchant + -ise.
Etymology tree
Anglo-Norman marchaundisebor.
Proto-Italic *merks
Latin merx
Latin mercor
Proto-Indo-European *-tus
Proto-Italic *-tus
Latin -tus
Latin mercātus
Vulgar Latin *mercātāntem
Vulgar Latin *mercātāntem
Old French marcheant
Old French -ise
Old French marcheandisebor.
Middle English marchaundise
Proto-Indo-European *-o-
Proto-Indo-European *-nom
Proto-Indo-European *-onom
Proto-Germanic *-aną
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Proto-Germanic *-janą
Old English -an
Middle English -en
Middle English marchaundisen
English merchandise
From Middle English marchaundisen (“to engage in commerce, traffic”), from marchaundise (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming the infinitive of verbs).
product
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *pér
Proto-Indo-European *-o
Proto-Indo-European *pró
Proto-Indo-European *pro-
Proto-Italic *pro-
Latin prō-
Proto-Indo-European *dewk-
Proto-Indo-European *déwkti
Proto-Italic *doukō
Latin dūcō
Latin prōdūcō
Latin prōductusder.
Middle English product
English product
From Middle English product, from Latin prōductus, perfect participle of prōdūcō, first attested in English in the mathematics sense.
eagle
From Middle English egle, from Anglo-Norman egle, from Old French aigle, from Latin aquila. Displaced native Middle English ern, earn, arn, from Old English earn (“eagle”). More at erne.
* As an English surname, from the noun eagle.
* As an English surname of Norman origin, from L'Aigle in Orne, first attested in 1055 and from Latin aquila, itself meaning "eagle."
* Also translated from names in other languages meaning "eagle," such as German Adler, Polish Orzeł, Orzel, Slovene Orel, Lakota waŋbli (compare Eagleman, Redeagle, Whiteeagle).
* The name of the English village is believed to be from Old English āc (“oak”) + lēah: compare with Acle.
sesquipedalianism
Surface form analyzed as sesquipedalian + -ism, from sesqui- (“one and a half”) + pedalian (“of the foot”).
From Latin sēsquipedālis (“a foot and a half long; in metaphorical use, “of an unnatural length, huge, big””), from sēsqui (“one and a half times as great”) + pedālis (“foot”).
head
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kap-
Proto-Indo-European *káput-
Proto-Germanic *haubudą
Old English hēafod
Middle English heed
English head
From Middle English efd, had, hafd, heafd, hed, heed, hefet, heid, het, hevd, heved, hevid, hiede, hæfd, hæfedd, from Old English hēafod (“head; top; leader; origin”), from Proto-West Germanic *haubud, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą (“head”), from Proto-Indo-European *káput (“head”), from *kap- (“head; bowl, cup”).
The modern word comes from Old English oblique stem hēafd-; the expected Modern English outcome for hēafod would be *heaved (similar to the Middle English word). Doublet of cape, capo, caput, chef, chief, and Howth.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots heid (“head”), Yola haade, hade, heade (“head”), North Frisian Haur, hood (“head”), Saterland Frisian Haud, Hööft (“head”), West Frisian haad (“head”), Alemannic German Haupt (“head”), Dutch hoofd (“head”), German Haupt, Häupt (“head”), Vilamovian hiöet, hiöt, huöt, huø̄t (“head”), Yiddish הויפּט (hoypt, “head”), Danish hode, hoved (“head”), Elfdalian ovuð (“head”), Faroese høvd, høvur (“head”), Icelandic höfuð (“head”), Jamtish huvu (“head”), Norwegian Bokmål hode, hue (“head”), Norwegian Nynorsk haud, hauv, hove, hovu, hovud, hue, huggu, hugu, hugud, huvu, huvud (“head”), Scanian huweð (“head”), Swedish hufvud, hufwud, huve, huvud, hövve (“head”), Crimean Gothic hoef (“head”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳 (haubid), 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸 (haubiþ, “head”); also Irish and Scottish Gaelic cuach (“bowl; dome (of head)”), Welsh cawg (“basin, bowl, vessel”), Latin capud, capus, caput (“head”), Greek κεφάλι (kefáli), κεφαλή (kefalí, “head”), Central Kurdish کاپۆڵ (kapoll, “skull”), Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “skull; bowl”).
From Middle English heed, from Old English hēafod- (“main”), from Proto-West Germanic *haubida-, derived from the noun *haubid (“head”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian hööft-, West Frisian haad-, Dutch hoofd-, German Low German höövd-, German haupt-.
pumpkin
Alteration of pompion, pumpion (“pumpkin”) with the diminutive -kin, from Middle French pompon, from Latin pepō (whence English pepo), from Ancient Greek πέπων (pépōn, “large melon”), from πέπων (pépōn, “ripe”), from πέπτω (péptō, “ripen”). The first attestation is from 1647.
The alternative theory that it may be from Massachusett pôhpukun (“grows forth round”) is false.
The automotive sense is by fancied resemblance.
name
PIE word
 *h₁nómn̥
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥
Proto-Germanic *namô
Proto-West Germanic *namō
Old English nama
Middle English name
English name
From Middle English name, nome, from Old English nama, noma, from Proto-West Germanic *namō, from Proto-Germanic *namô (“name”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”).
Cognates
Germanic Cognates: Yola naame, name, naume (“name”), North Frisian Naam, neem, noome, nööm (“name”), Saterland Frisian Nome, Noome (“name”), West Frisian namme (“name”), Alemannic German Naame, namä, noame, nomu, nàmund (“name”), Cimbrian naamo, name, nåm (“name”), Dutch naam, name (“name”), German Nahme, Name (“name”), German Low German Naam (“name”), Luxembourgish Numm (“name”), Mòcheno nu'm (“name”), Vilamovian noma (“name”), Yiddish נאָמען (nomen, “name”), Danish, Faroese and Norwegian Bokmål navn (“name”), Icelandic nafn (“name”), Norwegian Nynorsk nabn, namn (“name”), Swedish namn (“name”), Gothic 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉 (namō, “name”).
Indo-European Cognates: Latin nōmen (“name”) (whence Spanish nombre (“name”)), Russian имя (imja, “name”), Ashkun nām (“name”), Kamkata-viri nom, num (“name”), Prasuni nom, nëmë (“name”), Waigali nām (“name”), Sanskrit नामन् (nā́man, “name”). Possible cognates outside of Indo-European include Finnish nimi (“name”) and Hungarian név (“name”). Doublet of nomen and noun.
From Middle English namen, from Old English namian (“to name, mention”) and ġenamian (“to name, call, appoint”), from Proto-West Germanic *namōn (“to name”). Cognate with West Frisian neame (“to name; to mention”). Compare also Old English nemnan, nemnian (“to name, give a name to a person or thing”).
Borrowed from Spanish ñame, substituting n for the unfamiliar Spanish letter ñ. Doublet of yam.
f
Old English lower case letter f, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case f of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚠ (f, “fe”).
fa
From Glover's solmization, from Middle English fa (“fourth degree or note of Guido of Arezzo's hexachordal scales”), Italian fa in the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the first syllable of Latin famulī (“servants”) in the lyrics of the scale-ascending hymn Ut queant laxis by Paulus Deacon.
fabaceous
From Latin fabaceus, from faba (“bean”). By surface analysis, Latin fab(a) + -aceous.
For sense 2, from translingual Fabaceae + -ous, from Faba.
fabella
Borrowed from New Latin fābella, diminutive of Latin faba (“bean”).
Fabian
From Latin Fabiānus (“belonging to Fabius”), derived from Fabius + -ānus.
fable
From Middle English, borrowed from Old French fable, from Latin fābula, from fārī (“to speak, say”) + -bula (“instrumental suffix”). See ban, and compare fabulous, fame. Doublet of fabula.
a-
From Middle English a- (“up, out, away”), from Old English ā-, originally *ar-, *or-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out-”), from Proto-Indo-European *uds- (“up, out”). Cognate with Old Saxon a-, German er-.
* From Middle English a- (“on”), derived from unstressed Middle English an (“on”), from Old English an (“on”).
* See a (preposition, on, to, in, etc.)
From Middle English a-, a variant form of y-, from Old English ġe-, from Proto-West Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”).
From Anglo-Norman a-, from Old French e-, from Latin ex-.
From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-), preconsonantal form of ἀν- (an-). Distant doublet of un-.
Assimilated form of ad- before b, sc, sp, st, and sometimes m. From Middle English a-, from Middle French a-, from Latin ad (“towards”).
From Latin ab (“of, off, from, away”).
From Middle English a-, o- (“of”). See a (preposition, of).
aam
Borrowed from Dutch aam, from Latin ama, a variant of hama, from Ancient Greek ἄμη (ámē, “bucket”).