MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
nucha
From Middle English nucha, nuche, nuca, nuka, nuke (“spinal cord”), borrowed from Medieval Latin nucha (“spinal cord; nape of the neck”). Doublet of nuque.
benben stone
From Egyptian bnbn (“Benben, the first mound or stone to arise from the primordial waters at the creation of the world”)—compare bnbnt (“pyramidion”)—and stone.
theorical
From Middle English theorycall, from Latin theōricus + -al. By surface analysis, theory + -ical.
Sokoban
Borrowed from Japanese 倉庫番 (sōkoban, “warehouseman”).
From the 1982 game Sokoban, from Japanese 倉庫番 (sōkoban, “warehouseman”).
childlove
From child + love, a calque of Ancient Greek παιδοφιλίᾱ (paidophilíā).
ingenerate
First attested in 1528; borrowed from Latin ingenerātus, perfect passive participle of ingenerō, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (verb-forming suffix).
First attested in 1656; borrowed from Late Latin ingenerātus, from in- (“not”) + generātus.
octopod
From octo- + -pod, after taxonomic name Octopoda. Piecewise doublet of octopede and octopus.
wearish
From Middle English warssh, werisch, werische, werish, werissh, werssh, werysshe, of unknown origin; compare Modern English dialectal wairsh and Early Modern English wersh; perhaps related to Middle English wery (modern weary).
cheap like borscht
Calque of Yiddish ביליק ווי באָרשט (bilik vi borsht), as the beets used to make it were among the cheapest vegetables.
carrageen
From Irish carraigín (“Irish moss”), from carraig (“rock”).
QID
Abbreviation of Latin quater / quattuor in diē.
The Wikidata Q prefix is from Uzbek Qamarniso.
wineberry
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y-?
Proto-Indo-European *-ō?
Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁ō
Proto-Italic *wīnom
Latin vīnumbor.
Proto-Germanic *wīną
Proto-Germanic *bazją
Proto-Germanic *wīnabazją
Proto-West Germanic *wīnabaʀi
Old English wīnberġe
Middle English wynberie
English wineberry
From Middle English wynberie, wynberie (“a grape or some other kind of berry”), from Old English wīnberġe (“grape”, literally “wine-berry”), from Proto-West Germanic *wīnabaʀi, from Proto-Germanic *wīnabasją (“wineberry; grape”), equivalent to wine + berry. Doublet of whimberry (“bilberry”).
Cognate with Dutch wijnbeer, West Frisian wynbei (“grape”), wiemer (“currant”), German Weinbeere (“grape”), Swedish vinbär (“currant”), Icelandic vínber (“grape”), Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐍃𐌹 (weinabasi, “grape”).
unfriend
From Middle English unfreend, onfrend, equivalent to un- (noun/adjective prefix) + friend. Cognate with Scots unfrend (“unfriend”). Compare Old English unfriþmann, unwine.
polegada
From Portuguese polegada (“inch”), from Vulgar Latin *pollicāta, from Latin pollicāris (“of or related to a thumb”), from pollex (“thumb”) + -āris (“-ary: forming adjectives”). Doublet of pulgada.
nuisant
From Middle English nusant, nuysande, from Middle French nuisant, present participle of nuire (“to harm”). Doublet of nocent.
bedust
From Middle English *bedusten (suggested by participle bedust (“covered with dust”)), equivalent to be- + dust.
broomy
From Middle English *bromy, from Old English brōmiġ, equivalent to broom + -y.
hystricomorph
From Latin hystrīx (“porcupine”) -o- + -morph.
Moqui
From Hopi mookwi. According to a Walpi chief and other older Hopi consulted in the 1940's, the name is the original self-designation of the Hopi móókwi. Similar names have been borrowed into neighboring languages, e.g. Zuni muukwi, Southern Paiute mo·q·wi-, Isleta Southern Tiwa buxíde, Acoma Keres mú·cʰi. It is noted for its similarity with Hopi mooki (“dead”).
sociality
From social + -ity, from French socialité or directly from Latin sociālitās (“fellowship, sociality”), from sociālis (“social”), from socius (“companion, ally”) + -ālis.
wau
From the transliteration of Ancient Greek *ϝαῦ (*waû) (reconstructed from Latin vau (/⁠wau̯⁠/)), from Phoenician 𐤅 (w /⁠wāw⁠/). Doublet of vav and waw.
syllabize
From Medieval Latin syllabizō, from Ancient Greek σῠλλᾰβῐ́ζω (sŭllăbĭ́zō), from σῠλλᾰβή (sŭllăbḗ, “syllable”) + -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō, “-ize”).
barse
From Middle English bars, from Old English bærs (“a fish, perch”), from Proto-West Germanic *bars, from Proto-Germanic *barsaz (“perch”, literally “prickly”). Cognate with Dutch baars (“perch, bass”), German Barsch (“perch”). More at bass (“fish”).
yonsei
From Japanese 四世 (よんせい (yonsei)), from 四 (yon-, “fourth”) + 世 (sei, “generation”).
leucoma
Borrowed from Ancient Greek λεύκωμα (leúkōma). By surface analysis, leuco- + -oma.
humectate
First attested in 1640; borrowed from Latin humectātus, perfect passive participle of humectō/ūmectō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from humectus/ūmectus (“moist”).
impanation
From Latin impānātiō, impānātiōnis, from Latin impānātus, past participle of impānō (“to impanate”), + -tiō, from im- (“in”) + pānis (“bread”). By surface analysis, impanate + -ion.
panipuri
Borrowed from Hindi पानी पूरी (pānī pūrī, literally “water bread”), from पानी (pānī, “water”) + पूरी (pūrī, “puri, poori”, a type of Indian bread).
tish
Borrowed from Yiddish טיש (tish, “table”). Doublet of desk, dais, disc, dish, and discus.
hippocentaur
From Latin hippocentaurus, from Ancient Greek ῐ̔πποκένταυρος (hĭppokéntauros).
hippocrepiform
From Ancient Greek ἵππος (híppos, “horse”) + κρηπίς (krēpís, “boot”) + -form, from Latin -formis.
Muzaffarabad
From Urdu مُظَفَّر آباد (muzaffar ābād), named after Sultan Muzaffar Khan who founded the city.
ceras
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek κέρας (kéras, “horn”).
poppadom
Borrowed from Tamil பப்படம் (pappaṭam), from Sanskrit पर्पट (parpaṭa). Although the word began to be attested in English in the 1860s, shortly after the establishment of the British Raj, it only came into consistent use around 1940, after which all of the forms indicated above as common have remained in use. Doublet of papad.
druse
Borrowed via French from German Druse (“crystallized piece of ore”); compare dross.
piller
Partly from Anglo-Norman pilour, from Old French piller (“to plunder”) (more at pillage)
Kamchatka
From Russian Камча́тка (Kamčátka), derived from Koryak [script needed] (konchachal), perhaps meaning “men of the far end”.
thecium
From New Latin thēcium, from Ancient Greek θήκιον (thḗkion), diminutive of θήκη (thḗkē, “sheath”).
gomeral
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-ōm
Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm
Proto-Indo-European *-ō
Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ
Proto-Germanic *gumô
Proto-West Germanic *gumō
Old English guma
Middle English gome
English -rel
English gomeral
Diminutive (by way of -rel) of Middle English gōme (“man, warrior, husband, male servant”), Old English guma (“male, hero”), from Proto-Germanic *gumô (“man, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰmṓ (“man, person”). More at groom.
Goliard
Uncertain, possibly from Old French goliard (“glutton”); compare Italian goliardo (“university student”).
versicle
From Middle English versicle, from Old French versicule, from Latin versiculus.
Glittertind
From Norwegian Bokmål Glittertind, a historical form of Glittertinden.
mansa
Borrowed from Eastern Maninkakan mànsa (“king”) and other related languages.
verjuice
From Middle English verjous, vergeous, from Old French vertjus, verjus (French verjus), from vert + jus. First attested in c. 1302.
corrigible
From Middle English corrigible, corigyble, from Old French corrigible.
Puter
Probably from Romansh put (“porridge”), therefore meaning "porridge-eaters." Compare Latvian putra (“porridge”) and Proto-Finnic *putro.
pruce
From Middle English Pruce (“Prussia”) (whence also spruce), from new Latin, from a Baltic language, probably Old Prussian; for more, see Prussia. Compare French Prusse.
setar
From Iranian Persian سهتار (se-târ). Doublet of sitar.
ettin
From Middle English eten, etend, from Old English eoten (“giant, monster, enemy”), from Proto-West Germanic *etun, from Proto-Germanic *etunaz (“giant, glutton”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Cognate with Icelandic jötunn (“giant”), Swedish jätte (“giant”), Danish jætte (“giant”). Doublet of jotun.
prosoponology
From Ancient Greek πρόσωπον (prósōpon, “face”) + -logy. By surface analysis, prosopo- + logy or prosop- + -ology.
stercoraceous
From Latin stercorāceus, from stercus (“dung”).
buron
Borrowed from French buron, from Middle French buron, from Old French buiron (“cabin, hut”), from Frankish *būr (“dwelling, residence”), from Proto-Germanic *būraz (“room, chamber, dwelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be, become, live, dwell”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Búur (“room, cage”), English bower, Swedish bur (“hutch, coop, cage”). Doublet of bower.
Ithaka
Learned borrowing from Doric Greek Ἰθάκα (Itháka).
Cockaigne
From Old French cocagne, of obscure origin, but the many references to sweet delicacies in the 13th century poem that is the first record of the word suggest it may have come from a Germanic word for a cake, probably the ancestor of the modern German Kuchen.
See also Proto-Germanic *kōkô.
May also relate to or be influenced by Old Irish cucainn (“food ration, sweet pie”).
birchen
From Middle English birchen, birken, from Old English bircen, *biercen, beorcen (“made of birch, birchen”), from Proto-Germanic *birkīnaz (“made of birch”), equivalent to birch + -en. Cognate with Scots birken, birkin (“birchen”), Dutch berken (“birchen”), Low German berken (“birchen”), German birken (“birchen”).
hircose
By surface analysis, hirc- (“buck, male goat”) + -ose.
Ultimately related to Latin hircīnus (“of a goat”, “goat-scented”)
hirsuties papillaris genitalis
Borrowed from Latin hīrsūtiēs papillāris genitālis (literally “genital papillary hirsutism”).
periaktos
From Ancient Greek περίακτος (períaktos, “revolving”), from περιάγω (periágō), from περι- (peri-) + ἄγω (ágō).
upturning
From Middle English upturnynge, equivalent to upturn + -ing and/or up- + turning.
smallage
From Middle English smalache, equivalent to small + ache (“celery, parsley”).
coom
From Middle English culme, colme, of unknown origin but probably from or related to Old English col (“coal”). Related to culm and Icelandic kámugur.
From Scots coom, of unknown origin.
calpoltin
Borrowed from Classical Nahuatl calpoltin, plural of calpolli.
triones
Borrowed from Latin triōnēs, plural of triō; compare septentrion.
foreshowing
From Middle English forshowyng, forshewyng, foresceuing, foresceawunge, from Old English foresċēawung, equivalent to foreshow + -ing.
cyperus
Borrowed from translingual Cyperus. Further from Latin cypērus and Ancient Greek κύπειρος (kúpeiros).
Kuril Islands
Borrowed from Russian Кури́лы (Kuríly). One theory suggests that its name is ultimately from Ainu クㇽ (“a person”).
fideist
From French fidéisme + -ist, from Latin fidēs + -isme. By surface analysis, Latin fide- + -ist.
muricide
Borrowed from Latin mūricīdus (literally “mouse-killer”). By surface analysis, Latin mūs (“mouse”) + -icide (“killing; killer”).
Hollander
From Middle English holander, Hollander; equivalent to Holland + -er; compare the German Holländer.
Haryanvi
From Haryanvi हरियाणवी (hariyāṇvī).
historiaster
Probably borrowed from New Latin historiaster, from Latin historia (“history”) + -aster (suffix denoting incomplete or partial resemblance, and hence sometimes having a derogatory connotation). Historia is derived from Ancient Greek ῐ̔στορῐ́ᾱ (hĭstorĭ́ā, “systematic observation, inquiry; knowledge or written account of such an inquiry”), from ῐ̔στορέω (hĭstoréō, “to ask, inquire; to examine, observe; to record”) (from ῐ̔́στωρ (hĭ́stōr, “one who knows law and right, judge; wise man; witness”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see”)) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā, suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). Analyzable as history + -aster.
pieman
* From Middle English pyman (attested as a surname), equivalent to pie + -man.
* (caller in gambling games): Such games were once often run by sellers of pies as a sideline.
onza
From Spanish onza (“ounce, Spanish ounce”), from Latin ū̆ncia. Doublet of a, one, inch, uncia, onça, oka, ouguiya, and awqiyyah.
From Spanish onza, from Middle French once, from Old French lonce (“lynx”) by false division assuming the l was an article, from Italian lonza, from Latin lynx, from Ancient Greek λύγξ (lúnx, “lynx”). Doublet of lynx and ounce.
Palaeologus
From Ancient Greek Παλαιολόγος (Palaiológos), through Latin Palaeologus.
Brython
Etymology tree
Proto-Brythonic *Brɨθon
Welsh Brythonbor.
English Brython
From Welsh Brython. Doublet of Briton and Breton.
besteal
From Middle English bistelen, from Old English bestelan, from Proto-West Germanic *bestelan, from Proto-Germanic *bistelaną, corresponding to be- (“off, away”) + steal. Cognate with Saterland Frisian besteele, Dutch bestelen, German Low German bestehlen, Luxembourgish bestielen, German bestehlen, Swedish bestjäla (“to rob”).
abiosis
From abio- + -osis; from Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “not, without, opposite of”), βίος (bíos, “life”), and -ωσις (-ōsis, “action, process, condition”).
watergate
From Middle English watergate, wateregate, watur-ȝate, equivalent to water + gate.
yeuk
From (northern) Middle English *ȝuken, *ȝokken (suggested by Middle English ȝukynge, ȝokkyn (“itching”) and yuke (“an itching disease”)), from Middle Dutch jucken, jocken (“to itch”), from Old Dutch *jukken, from Proto-West Germanic *jukkjan (“to itch”). Doublet of itch.
From Cantonese 約 /约 (joek3).
cierge
From earlier cerge, from Middle English serge, cerge, from Old French cierge, cerge from Latin cereus (“waxy”), from cera (“wax”). The current pronunciation is learnedly taken from modern French cierge (with varying degrees of nativisation).
airbridge
From air + bridge. In some cases, Calque of German Luftbrücke.
upshift
From Middle English upshiften, upschyften (“to raise”), equivalent to up- + shift.
imbroccata
From Italian imbroccata, feminine past participle of imbroccare (“to hit a target”).
whinger
Perhaps from Old English winn (“contention, war”) + geard, gyrd (“a staff, rod, yard”).
goropism
From Goropius + -ism (suffix forming names of schools of thought, systems, or theories), possibly influenced by French goropiser (“to goropize”), coined by the German philosopher and scientist Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) in his work Nouveaux essais sur l’entendement humain (New Essays on Human Understanding, written 1704, published 1765).
Goropius was the name of the Dutch physician and linguist Johannes Goropius Becanus (1519–1573) who hypothesized that the oldest language on earth would be the simplest language, and since Brabantic (a Dutch dialect) had more short words than Greek, Hebrew, or Latin, it was the language spoken by Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden from which all other languages derived. The name is from Dutch Gorp (“hamlet in Hilvarenbeek, Noord-Brabant, Netherlands”) (Goropius’ birthplace) + Latin -ius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns, and used to Latinize surnames).
gastrulation
From German Gastrulation, coined by Ernst Haeckel in his 1872 work "Biology of Calcareous Sponges" (see also gastrula).
melittin
Borrowed from German Melittin, from Attic Greek μέλιττα (mélitta, “bee”) + -in, from German -in.
Yalta
From Crimean Tatar Yalta, from Byzantine Greek Γιαλίτα (Gialíta), a derivative of γιαλός (gialós, “beach, seashore”), from Ancient Greek αἰγιαλός (aigialós).
allopatry
From Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos, “different”) + πᾰτρῐ́ς (pătrĭ́s, “fatherland”).
Lusatia
From New Latin, from Sorbian łužicy, łuža (“swamp, swampy land”), from Proto-Slavic *luža (“pool, puddle”).
Tiflis
From Russian Тифли́с (Tiflís) and Ottoman Turkish تفليس (Tiflis), from Persian تفلیس (Teflis).
brickmaker
From Middle English brekemeker, breke maker, equivalent to brick + maker.
oxlip
From Middle English *oxeslyppe, from Old English oxanslyppe (“oxlip”), from oxan, genitive of oxa (“ox”) + slyppe (“paste, slimy substance”). Compare cowslip, of similar formation.
bucranium
From Latin būcrānium, from Ancient Greek βουκράνιον (boukránion).
doorless
From Middle English dureleas, durelease; equivalent to door + -less.
ujamaa
Etymology tree
Swahili ujamaabor.
English ujamaa
Borrowed from Swahili ujamaa (“brotherhood, extended family”), from jamaa (“family”), from Arabic جَمَاعَة (jamāʕa, “group (of people)”).
concertmistress
Possibly a calque of German Konzertmeisterin, corresponding to concert + mistress.
poulaine
From Anglo-Norman poleine (“(shoe with a) pointed toe”) and Middle French poulaine (“(shoe with a) pointed toe”), apparently from Old French poulain (“Polish”) (compare crackow), the style being supposed to be Polish. Possibly related to poleyn (“knee armor”).
ichthyophthiriasis
From Ichthyophthirius + -iasis, from Ancient Greek ἰχθύς (ikhthús, “fish”) + Ancient Greek φθείρ (phtheír, “louse”) + -ius.
splanchnic
From New Latin splanchnicus, from Ancient Greek σπλαγχνικός (splankhnikós), from σπλάγχνα (splánkhna, “viscera”) + -ικός (-ikós, “-ic”).
Baekje
From the Revised Romanization of Korean 백제(百濟) (Baekje).
silvern
From Middle English sylveren, selverne, from Old English seolfren, from Proto-Germanic *silubrīnaz (“made of silver”); equivalent to silver + -(e)n. Cognate with Dutch zilveren (“silvern”), German silbern (“silvern”).
altitudinal
From Latin altitūdin- + -al, from oblique stem of Latin altitūdō, from altus + -tūdō. By surface analysis, altitude + -al.
trending
From Middle English trendinge, trendynge, equivalent to trend + -ing.
cat's eye
An allusion to the way a cat's eyes will appear to glow when illuminated in the dark. In mineralogy, a calque of French œil de chat.
sidth
From Middle English *sidth, equivalent to side (“long, ample, trailing, vast, distant”, adjective) + -th (abstract nominal suffix). More at side.
Wilkins
In most cases, the surname derives from the Middle English Wilkin, from Will, diminutive of William, + -kin (“small”). However, in the case of a formidable number of those that bear the surname 'Wilkins', the name derives from an earlier form Welsh Wilkyn, itself from Middle English Wylcolyna or Witcoline, from Latin Wintona, compare Winton.
abax
From Ancient Greek ἄβαξ (ábax, “board covered with sand”). Doublet of abacus and abaque.
Cramlington
From earlier kramelston, of North Germanic origin, from Danish kram (“tight, narrow”) + -ton (“town”).
amphid
From Ancient Greek ἀμφιδέα (amphidéa, “anything that binds or is bound around”), from ἀμφιδέω (amphidéō, “to bind around”) + -ᾱ (-ā, action noun suffix).
malleate
First attested in 1598; borrowed from Medieval Latin malleātus, perfect passive participle of malleō (“to beat with a hammer”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Bhumi
Borrowed from Sanskrit भूमि (bhūmi).
From Sanskrit भूमि (bhūmi).
oillet
Borrowed from French œillet, from œil (“eye”), from Latin oculum, accusative singular of oculus.
fundiform
Borrowed from New Latin fundifōrmis (“shaped like a sling”), from funda (“a sling”) + -i- + -formis (“-form”).
good faith
Calque of Anglo-Norman bone fei, Middle French bonne foy and Old French bonne foy, en bone fei (“loyally, with honesty, with sincere intention”) (modern French bonne foi (“good faith”), de bonne foi (“in good faith, in earnest”)), from Latin bona fidēs (“good faith”).
aksaite
From Aksay + -ite, named in 1963 after the locality in Kazakhstan where it was found, which comes from Kazakh Ақсай (Aqsai), literally "white glen".
adscript
From Latin adscriptus, past participle of adscribere (“to enroll”). See ascribe.
advene
Borrowed from Latin advenire (“to come to, arrive at”), from ad (“to”) + venire (“to come”). Compare convene, intervene, supervene.
adventive
Borrowed from Latin adventīvus, from adveniō (“to come (to)”) + -īvus (verbal-adjective suffix).
Arnaut
From Turkish arnavut, from Ottoman Turkish آرناوود (arnavut, “an Albanian”).
Entered Ottoman Turkish from the Byzantine Greek ethnonym Arvanitis (Αρβανίτης) after the syllable cluster van was rearranged through metathesis to nav giving the final Turkish forms as Arnavut and Arnaut. Meanwhile in Greek the name Arvanitis was derived from the original term Alvanitis (Ἀλβάνίτης) as a process of rhotacism Alv- into Arv-. In return Alvanitis stems from the name Alvanos (Ἀλβάνος) Albanian, from Ancient Greek Ἀλβανοί (Albanoí).
airan
From a Turkic source, probably from Ottoman Turkish آیران (hence Turkish ayran).
bashi-bazouk
From Turkish başıbozuk, from Ottoman Turkish باشی بوزوق (“an irregular soldier”). Literally, “broken-head”.
bashlyk
From Russian башлы́к (bašlýk), from Ottoman Turkish باشلق (başlık).
Bektashi
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بَكتاشی (Bektâşî).
martagon
From Middle French martagon, from Old Anatolian Turkish [Term?] (Ottoman Turkish مارطغان, modern Turkish martağan), originally a style of turban.
beylerbey
From Ottoman Turkish بكلر بكی (beyler beyi).
binbashi
From Ottoman Turkish بیكباشی (binbaşı, literally “leader of a thousand”).
galiongee
From Ottoman Turkish قالیونجی (“someone associated with galleon ships”) (modern Turkish kalyoncu).
imbat
A widespread word in the Mediterranean related to Latin battuo (“beat, strike”). Possibly directly from Ottoman Turkish ایمبات (imbat, “sea breeze; etesian”). Doublet of limbat.
kasseri
Borrowed from Greek κασέρι (kaséri), from Ottoman Turkish قاشر (kaşer), from the plural of Aromanian caș (“cheese”), from Latin cāseus.
Samarkand
From Russian Самарка́нд (Samarkánd), from Persian سمرقند (samarqand), from Sogdian 𐼼𐼺𐼰𐽀𐼸𐼻𐼹𐼳 (smʾrknδh /⁠*Smā́rkąθ⁠/).
Osmanli
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish عثمانلی (Osmanlı).
saic
From French saïque, from Italian saicca, from Ottoman Turkish شایقه (şayka), from Bulgarian ша́йка (šájka) (a variant of Bulgarian ча́йка (čájka)), from Proto-Slavic *čajьka. Doublet of Czajka.
tekke
From Ottoman Turkish تكه (tekke), from Classical Persian تکیه (takya). Doublet of takya, takiyya, and takyeh.
rayah
From Turkish reaya, from Arabic رَعَايَا (raʕāyā), plural of رَعِيَّة (raʕiyya).
ziamet
From Ottoman Turkish زعامت (zeamet), from Arabic زَعَامَة (zaʕāma, “leadership”)
calpack
From Ottoman Turkish قلپاق (Turkish kalpak), from Proto-Turkic or from Middle Persian kwlʾp̄k' (kulāfak, “little cap; calyx”), diminutive of kwlʾp̄ (kulāf, “cap, bonnet”), (Persian کلاهک (kolâhak), diminutive of کلاه (kolâh, “hat”)), or from Proto-Common Turkic *kalpak. Doublet of kolpik.
chiaus
First attested c. 1600, from Ottoman Turkish چاوش (çavuş, “messenger, herald, licitor, sergeant”). Cognate with Turkish çavuş, Old Turkic 𐰲𐰉𐰾 (čabïš, “army commander”). Doublet of chouse.
rampion
Ultimately from Medieval Latin rapuntium from Latin rapunculus, diminutive of rapum (“turnip”)
chibouk
Borrowed from French chibouque, from Ottoman Turkish چبوق (çibuk, çıbuk, çubuk) (modern Turkish çubuk).
dolma
From Greek ντολμάς (ntolmás) or its etymon, Turkish dolma, from Ottoman Turkish طولمه (dolma), from طولمق (dolmak, “to get full, be filled”). Thus, the word literally means “stuffed thing”.
kurbash
From Arabic كُرْبَاج (kurbāj), from Turkish kırbaç. Compare French cravache and German Karbatsche. Doublet of cravache.
practic
From Middle English practic, practik, partly from Old French practique and partly from its etymon, Late Latin prācticus (“active”), from Ancient Greek πρακτικός (praktikós, “of or pertaining to action, concerned with action or business, active, practical”), from πράσσω (prássō, “to do”). Doublet of practico.
ender
From Middle English endere, ender; equivalent to end (verb) + -er (agent noun suffix).
Borrowed from German Ender.
shashlik
Borrowed from Russian шашлы́к (šašlýk), from Turkic; compare Turkish şaşlık, Turkish şişlik. Doublet of chislic.
Bama
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 巴馬 /巴马 (Bāmǎ).
desman
From French desman, German Desman, from Swedish desmanråtta (“muskrat”), from desman (“musk”, older also desma, desme), from Middle Low German dēsem, from Old Saxon desamo, alteration of *besamo (cf. Old High German bisamo), from Late Latin bisamum (“musk”), from Hebrew בושם (bāśām, bōśem). Doublet of balm and balsam.
gazon
Borrowing from French gazon, from Middle French gazon, from Old French gason, wason (“piece of ground covered with grass, turf”), from Old Frankish *wasō (“ground, turf, sod”), from Proto-Germanic *wasô (“moisture; ground”), from Proto-Indo-European *wes- (“moist, damp, wet”). Cognate with German Wasen (“lawn”), German Low German Waas (“bundle of twigs”), Dutch waas (“haze, mist, film”).