MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
brachyology
From Late Latin brachiologia, from Ancient Greek βραχύς (brakhús, “short”) + -λογία (-logía, “speech”); compare brachylogy.
bubbe meise
Borrowed from Yiddish באָבע־מעשׂה (bobe-mayse).
burble
From Middle English burblen (“to bubble”), imitative.
Scottish; probably connected Old French barbouiller (“to confound”).
choreology
From Ancient Greek χορεία (khoreía, “dance”) + -logy.
communitas
Unadapted borrowing from Latin commūnitās. Doublet of community.
consilium abeundi
From Latin cōnsilium abeundī (literally “advice to leave”).
curry favor
Originally from a French poem Roman de Fauvel, written in the early 1300s; Fauvel was a conniving stallion, and the play was a satire on the corruption of social life. The name Fauvel points to the French fauve (“chestnut, reddish-yellow, or fawn”), another sense of fauve meaning the class of wild animals whose coats are at least partly brown, and the medieval belief that a fallow horse was a symbol of deceit and dishonesty. The phrase curry Fauvel, then, referred to currying (“combing”) the horse, and was altered (as folk etymology) by later speakers to curry favor.
dittography
From Ancient Greek διττός (dittós, “double”) + -graphy. Not related to English ditto.
Dyuti
Borrowed from Hindi [Term?], meaning halo, radiance and brightness.
graven
From Middle English graven, igraven, from Old English grafen, ġegrafen, from Proto-Germanic *grabanaz, past participle of Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”).
* As an English surname, a topographic surname for someone living near a ditch, from Middle Low German grav (“moat, ditch”), from Old Saxon graf, from Proto-Germanic *grabą, the source of grave.
* As a Norwegian surname, from Old Norse gróf (“depression, hollow”), from Proto-Germanic *grōbō.
Existenz
Unadapted borrowing from German Existenz. Doublet of existence.
cattail
From Middle English cattal, cattyle (also as cattestail), equivalent to cat + tail.
encomium
From Latin encōmium (“praise, eulogy”), from Ancient Greek ἐγκώμιον (enkṓmion, “laudatory ode, praise”), from ἐγκώμιος (enkṓmios, “of or pertaining to the victor”), from κῶμος (kômos, “festival, revel, ode”).
steading
From Middle English steding (“place, farm”), from Middle English stede (“estate, property, holdings”), from Old English stede (“locality, place, site, position, station”).
felix culpa
Borrowed from Latin fēlīx culpa (“blessed fault”), via Roman Catholic theology, first used in Latin in the 4th century CE.
fizgig
From Middle English gig (“a frivolous woman”); the first element of the word may be from fise (“an instance of flatulence”), from fist (“an act of breaking wind”).
Possibly from Spanish fisga (“harpoon”).
confluent
From Latin cōnfluēns, present participle of cōnfluō.
gayo
From Korean 가요 (gayo), 歌謠 (gayo), meaning Korean popular music.
sunshade
From Middle English *sunschade, from Old English sunsċeadu, sunnsċeadu (“a veil, a sun-shade, a covering to keep off the sun”), equivalent to sun + shade.
sukiyaki
From Japanese 鋤焼き (sukiyaki). First attested in 1907.
Antara
From Sanskrit अन्तर (antara), meaning interval, this body.
longimanous
From Latin longimanus. By surface analysis, long + -i- + manus.
manichord
From Latin monochordon, from Ancient Greek μονόχορδον (monókhordon), influenced by Latin manus (“hand”). So called because it originally had only one string. See monochord.
Taiyuan
From Mandarin 太原 (Tàiyuán).
symphoric
From Ancient Greek συμφορά (sumphorá, “mishap, mischance, misfortune”)?
spumoni
From Italian spumoni, plural of spumone, from spuma (“foam”).
stolidity
From stolid + -ity, from Middle French stolidité, from Late Latin stoliditas.
stonework
From Middle English stonewerk, stonwerk, ston-werke, stoonwerk, from Old English stānweorc; equivalent to stone + -work.
Tartu
Etymology tree
Proto-Finnic *tarvas
Estonian tarvasder.
Estonian Tartubor.
English Tartu
Borrowed from Estonian Tartu, from earlier Tarbatu, ultimately from tarvas (“aurochs”), qv.
micrology
Sense 1 is borrowed directly from Ancient Greek μικρολογία (mikrología, “pettiness, stinginess, triviality”), with the suffix reinterpreted as -logy.
Sense 2 is micro- + -logy, effectively the same etymological components.
Nikkei index
Borrowed from Japanese 日(にっ)経(けい) (nikkei), an abbreviation of 日(に)本(ほん)経(けい)済(ざい)新(しん)聞(ぶん) (Nihon Keizai Shinbun, literally “Japan Economics Newspaper”), a Japanese newspaper which publishes the index.
analytic mechanics
Calque from French Mécanique analytique, a 1788–1789 book by Joseph-Louis Lagrange.
flyting
From Middle English fliting, flytyng, equivalent to flyte + -ing.
sorrowfully
Inherited from Middle English sorwefully; by surface analysis, sorrowful + -ly.
Gleichschaltung
Unadapted borrowing from German Gleichschaltung (“synchronisation”).
sophistical
From Middle English sophistical, sophisticale, sophisticall, from Anglo-Latin sophisticālis, equivalent to sophist + -ical.
speediness
From Middle English spedines, from Old English spēdiġnes (“opulence, wealth”), equivalent to speedy + -ness.
grist
From Middle English grist, gryst, from Old English grist, gyrst (“the action of grinding, corn for grinding, gnashing”), of obscure origin: possibly from a pre-Germanic substrate language, or from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to rub, grind”). Cognate with Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”), German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”), Old English gristel (“gristle”).
hordeolum
Borrowed from Latin hordeolus, diminutive from hordeum (“barley”) + -olus, referring to its resemblance to a grain of barley in appearance and size.
Eos
From Ancient Greek Ἠώς (Ēṓs, “Greek goddess of the dawn”), from ἠώς (ēṓs, “dawn, daybreak; morning; day; east”). Doublet of Aurora.
reification
First attested around 1846; a macaronic calque of German Verdinglichung, using -ification (“making”) for ver- + -lich + -ung, and Latin rēs (“thing”) for Ding (“thing”)
chambray
From French cambrai (“cambric”), and its source, Cambrai, the city in France where it originated; probably with alteration after chamber.
chancellery
From Middle English chancelrie, from Old French chancelerie (Modern French chancellerie), from Late Latin cancellaria. Doublet of chancery.
chevrette
From French chevrette, diminutive of chèvre (“goat”). Compare chevron.
Mallorca
From Spanish and Catalan Mallorca, from Late Latin Maiorica, ultimately from Latin maior.
Ibiza
Borrowed from Spanish Ibiza, from Catalan Eivissa, from Arabic يَابِسَة (yābisa), from Latin Ebusus, from Phoenician 𐤀𐤉𐤁𐤔𐤌 (ʾybšm).
consubstantial
From Latin consubstāntiālis, from con- + substāntia (“substance”), translating Ancient Greek ὁμοούσιον (homooúsion).
lawbook
Perhaps from Middle English *lawe-bok, from Old Norse lǫgbók (“lawbook”), otherwise, from law + book. Compare Middle English laȝheboc.
geometer
From Middle English gemeter, geometer, ultimately from Late Latin geōmetrēs, from Ancient Greek γεωμέτρης (geōmétrēs), from γῆ (gê, “earth”) + μετρέω (metréō, “to measure”).
bounder
From bound + -er.
Sense 2 poss. from bandar, borrowed from Hindi बन्दर (bandar, “monkey”), via Indian English.
parados
Borrowed from French parados; in turn the French derived from Italian para, defence, cognate with English parry, plus French dos cognate with Latin dorsum: the back, i.e. the dorsal aspect. Parados is unrelated to parodos either in etymology or in meaning.
hospice
Borrowed from French hospice, from Old French hospise, from Latin hospitium (“hospitality, an inn”). Doublet of hospitium.
atorvastatin
From ator- + -vastatin (“HMG CoA reductase inhibitor”). The prefix probably from Spanish atorar (“to clog”), wherein the verb suffix -ar was taken off. Thus, the role is "to inhibit the clogging (of cholesterol)".
frangipane
Borrowed from French frangipane; see frangipani for more.
ateji
Borrowed from Japanese 当(あ)て字(じ) (ateji) or 宛字(あてじ) (ateji).
handakuten
From Japanese 半濁点(はんだくてん) (handakuten), from Middle Chinese 半 (pàn, “half”) + 濁 (ɖæwk, “muddy, voiced”) + 點 (tém, “mark, spot”).
porgy
From Portuguese or Spanish pargo, from Latin phagrum, accusative of phager, from Ancient Greek φάγρος (phágros, “sea bream”).
The similarity of porgy to paugie, especially in non-rhotic accents, may have reinforced both terms.
mad as a hatter
First recorded 1829. Of uncertain origin, though usually explained as referring to hat-makers suffering from Erethism due to handling mercury-contaminated felt. Derivation from Old English ātor (“poison”) or its descendant English atter lacks evidence.
sextile
From Latin sextīlis (“one sixth”), from sextus (“sixth”) + īlis (“-ile”).
anthimeria
Based on Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “opposite”) + μέρος (méros, “part”) with non-etymological ⟨h⟩.
longe
From French allonger (“to lengthen”), or Latin longa (“long”), i.e. the long rope.
plene
From Latin plēnus (“full”) (adjective) or plēnē (“fully”) (adverb).
woon
Borrowed from Burmese ဝန် (wan, “burden; responsibility; administrative officer”).
From Hokkien 溫／温 (Un) or Hakka 溫／温 (Vûn).
great Scott
Uncertain or disputed. May come from either the Scottish novelist Walter Scott, so called in some poems, or Gen. Winfield Scott of the American Civil War, who weighed about 300 pounds and was referred to by his troops as "Great Scott". Alternately, perhaps a corruption of German grüß Gott! (“Good day!, Hello!”, literally “May God greet (thee)!”), or a euphemism for great Satan or good God.
hobbledehoy
From Scots. Compare dialectal English hobbledygee (“(with a) limping movement”); also French hobereau (“country squire”), English hobby, and Old French hoi (“today”); the original sense may have been "an upstart of today".
Ihitha
From Hindi [Term?], from Sanskrit [Term?] Iha (world or earth) and 'Hitha' ("who does Good, favor").
Imtenan
From Arabic إِمْتِنَان (ʔimtinān, “gratitude”).
laconism
From Latin Laconia, from Ancient Greek Λακεδαίμων (Lakedaímōn, “the region surrounding the city of Sparta”).
lord of the flies
Calque of Biblical Hebrew בַּעַל זְבוּב (baʿal zəḇûḇ, “fly-lord, Beelzebub”), which in turn is a mistranslation of the name of the Semitic devil Baal-zevuv.
maldevelopment
From French maldéveloppement, introduced as a human and social development term in France in the 1990s, to replace the words malformation or développement anormal. The word can be broken down as mal- (“ill”) + development.
Malika
Borrowed from Arabic مَلِكَة (malika, “queen”).
Anubis
From Latin Anūbis, from Ancient Greek Ἄνουβις (Ánoubis), from Egyptian jnpw, i-n:p-w-E16
optimate
From Latin optimātēs, masculine plural form of optimās (“best, noblest”).
salpa
Borrowed from New Latin, from Latin salpa, from Ancient Greek σάλπη (sálpē, “a species of fish”). Doublet of salp.
zoar
From Zoar, mentioned in the Bible as the place where Lot fled with his wife and two daughters to escape death when Yahweh destroyed the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah, from Biblical Hebrew צֹעַר (tso`ar, “insignificance, smallness”).
From Biblical Hebrew צֹעַר (tso`ar, “insignificance, smallness”). Mentioned in the Bible in Genesis 19:22, 23, and 30 as the place where Lot fled with his wife and two daughters to escape death, when Yahweh destroyed the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. Was present in Old English as Segor.
Hail Mary
From Middle English Heil Marie. The extended figurative sense alludes to the notion of saying a prayer that the action will succeed.
twistle
Alteration of twissel (literally “double, forked”), from Middle English twisel, twisil, from Old English twisla (“confluence, junction, fork of a river or road”), from Proto-Germanic *twisilą (“fork, bifurcation”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwis- (“twice, in two”). Cognate with German Zwiesel (“fork”). Compare also Icelandic kvísl (“branch, a fork; fork of a river”).
gesith
Learned borrowing from Old English ġesīþ (“companion, fellow, comrade; companion or follower of an athel or king”), from Proto-West Germanic *gasinþ, from Proto-Germanic *gasinþô.
ritratto
Borrowed from Italian ritratto. Doublet of retract, retrait, and retreat.
never change a running system
From the field of computing, likely from German never change a running system.
nosh
From Yiddish נאַשן (nashn), from Middle High German naschen (“nibble”) (which is also the parent of German naschen), from Old High German naskōn (“to nibble; parasite”), from Proto-West Germanic *hnaskwōn (“to weaken; make soft; tenderise”). Doublet of nesh.
outbye
From Middle English outby, outbi, equivalent to out (adverb) + by (adverb).
anthropophagi
From Latin anthrōpophagī, the plural of anthrōpophagus, from Ancient Greek ἀνθρωποφάγος (anthrōpophágos, “man-eating”). First attested in 1581, as an ethnonym. Use of the singular anthropophagus is rare.
soreness
From Middle English sornes, sornesse, sarnesse, from Old English sārnes (“bodily pain; mental pain, affliction, grief”), from Proto-West Germanic *sairanassī, equivalent to sore + -ness. Cognate with Scots sairness (“soreness”), Old Frisian sērnisse, sērnesse (“injury, lesion”), Middle Low German sêrnisse, sêrenisse (“wounding, injury, distress, need”).
sourdough
From Middle English sour dogh, equivalent to sour + dough, compare German Sauerteig and Dutch zuurdeeg. The senses pertaining to California, Alaska and the Yukon derive from the distinctive pouches of bread starter (starter dough used to make sourdough) worn on a belt or around the neck by experienced prospectors during the Klondike Gold Rush and California Gold Rush.
charlatanry
From French charlatanerie. By surface analysis, charlatan + -ry. Doublet of charlatanerie.
chastely
From Middle English chasteliche, chastliche, chastely; equivalent to chaste + -ly.
chasteness
From Middle English chastnesse; equivalent to chaste + -ness.
chastiser
From Middle English chastisoure, chastisere; equivalent to chastise + -er.
ploce
From Latin plŏcē, from Ancient Greek πλοκή (plokḗ, “complication”).
sorriness
From Middle English sorinesse, from Old English sāriġnes, from Proto-West Germanic *sairaganassī, *sairīganassī; equivalent to sorry + -ness. Cognate with West Frisian searigens (“soreness, tenderness”).
harden
From Middle English hardenen, equivalent to hard + -en. Cognate with Danish hærdne (“to harden; cure”), Swedish hårdna (“to harden”), Norwegian herdne (“to harden”), Icelandic harðna (“to harden”).
senhor
From Portuguese senhor, which see for more. Doublet of seigneur, seignior, senior, señor, senyor, signore, sir, and sire.
son of the morning
From Hebrew בֶּן־שָׁחַר (Ben-Shahar, “son of dawn”), an allusion to the practice in the Middle East of travelers rising before dawn so they would not have to travel in the heat of day.
tempus fugit
Borrowed from Latin tempus fugit, from the third book of the Georgics by the Roman poet Virgil (70–19 BCE): sed fugit interea fugit irreparabile tempus (“meanwhile, the irreplaceable time escapes”, literally “but it flees meanwhile: irretrievable time flees”).
troglobite
From German Troglobie (from Ancient Greek τρώγλη (trṓglē, “hole”) + βίος (bíos, “life”)). By surface analysis, troglo- + -obe + -ite.
vale of tears
Calque of Latin lacrimārum vallis from the “Salve Regina” (a hymn to the Virgin Mary), based on Hebrew עמק הבכא (ʿēmeq habbāḵāʾ) from Psalm 84:6 of the Bible. The Hebrew term may mean “valley of the baka tree”, a tree of uncertain species (compare 2 Samuel 5:23–24 where baka is used to refer to a tree, and is often translated into English as “balsam tree”, “mulberry tree”, or “poplar tree”), but ancient Greek translations assumed the word intended was בָּכָה (bakhá, “to cry, weep”) and so rendered the term as “valley of weeping”, which was then used in Latin and English translations. See, for example, the Douay–Rheims Bible (1610) where the verse is numbered as Psalm 83:6.
vial
From Middle English vial, viole, a variant of fiole, phiole, phial (“small bowl or cup for liquids, etc.; flask”) [and other forms]: see further at phial. Doublet of phiale.
paradiastole
From Ancient Greek παραδιαστολή (paradiastolḗ), from παρα- (para-, “next to, alongside”) + διαστολή (diastolḗ, “separation, distinction”).
laird
The noun is borrowed from Scots laird, from northern or Scottish Middle English lard, laverd, a variant of lord. The verb is derived from the noun. Doublet of hlaford and lord.
constative
Coined to translate the German konstatierend, using cōnstāt-, the perfect passive participial stem of the Latin verb cōnstō (“to agree, correspond, or fit; to am certain, decided, or consistent”), suffixed with the English -ive, suggesting a hypothetical Latin etymon of the form *cōnstātīvus.
departmental
Borrowed from French départemental. By surface analysis, department + -al. Doublet of départemental.
Funen
From Danish Fyn, likely through German Fünen. Related with Danish fyge (“to blow around”), hence "windswept place".
Ningxia
c. mid 20th c., from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 寧夏 /宁夏 (Níngxià).
terraqueous
PIE word
 *h₂ékʷeh₂
Learned borrowing from Late Latin terraqueus + English -ous (suffix denoting the presence of a quality in any degree, usually an abundance). Terraqueus is derived from Latin terra (“dry land; earth, soil”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”)) + Late Latin aqueus (“aqueous; watery”) (from Latin aqua (“water”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ékʷeh₂ (“water”)) + -eus (suffix forming adjectives from nouns denoting the sources of attributes)).
mondial
From French mondial, from Latin mundiālis. Compare Middle English mondiall, mundyall (“worldly, temporal”).
Likely from French mondial (“worldwide, global”).
childishness
From Middle English childishnes, childisnes, equivalent to childish + -ness.
bulgur
From Ottoman Turkish بلغور (bulğur) (modern Turkish bulgur), by metathesis from older بورغول (burğul), from Arabic بُرْغُل (burḡul), from Persian برغول (barġul), پرغول (parġul).
churlishness
From Middle English *churlischnesse, *cherlischnesse, from Old English ċeorlisċnes, equivalent to churlish + -ness.
Fromase
From French fromage (“cheese”) + -ase, coined as a trademark.
Floyd
Anglicisation of the Welsh name Lloyd, from Welsh llwyd (“grey, grey-haired”).
Sakha
Borrowed from Russian саха́ (saxá), from Yakut саха (saqa), from Proto-Turkic *yaka (“edge; collar”).
Borrowed from Russian Саха́ (Saxá), from Yakut Саха (Saqa), from Proto-Turkic *jaka (“edge; collar”).
Yakut
From Russian яку́т (jakút), from Proto-Turkic *yaka (“collar; edge”). Related to Yakut саха (saqa) via earlier *čaqa < *ǰaqa. Compare Turkish yaka (“collar”). The ending -ут possibly contains the Mongol plural suffix; compare Buryat яхад (jaxad, “Yakuts”).
copiousness
From Middle English copyousnesse, equivalent to copious + -ness.
loper
From American Spanish lobo (“wolf”) (/ˈloβo/), reinterpreted as or conflated with loper (“one who lopes”); compare the alternative forms which reflect other re-interpretations and conflations.
imprimantur
From Latin imprimantur (“let them be printed”), third-person plural present subjunctive passive form of imprimere (“to print”).
firefox
Calque from Mandarin 火狐 (huǒhú, literally “fire fox”).
Calque of Finnish tulikettu or Finnish tulirepo.
gastrula
From German Gastrula, coined by Ernst Haeckel in his 1872 work "Biology of Calcareous Sponges". From gastr- (from Ancient Greek γαστήρ (gastḗr, “stomach”) + Latin -ula.
amphioxus
From Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “both”) + Ancient Greek ὀξύς (oxús, “sharp, keen”).
Haag
* As a German and Dutch surname, from the noun Hecke (“hedge”).
* Also as a Dutch surname, shortened from Van den Haag, a name derived from the Hague.
* As a south German and Alemannic German surname (and Swedish adoption of it), from the personal name Hago, from a derivative of Proto-West Germanic *haggju (“hedge”) and thus related to the first sense.
Mardi Gras
Borrowed from French mardi gras (literally “fat Tuesday”).
childbearing
From Middle English childberyng, childbering, chyldberynge, child berynge. By surface analysis, child + bearing.
jodi
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *yewg-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *yugtós
Sanskrit युक्त (yukta)
Prakrit 𑀚𑀼𑀢𑁆𑀢 (jutta)denom.
Prakrit 𑀚𑁄𑀟𑁂𑀇 (joḍei)deverb.
Prakrit 𑀚𑁄𑀟 (joḍa)
Hindi जोड़ी (joṛī)bor.
English jodi
Borrowed from Hindi जोड़ी (joṛī) or Marathi जोडी (joḍī); possibly through Bollywood.
puerperium
Borrowed from Latin puerperium (“childbed, childbirth”), from puerpera (“woman in labor or childbed”) + -ium (nominal suffix), from puerperus (“parturient, bringing forth children”), from puer (“child, boy”) + pariō (“to bring forth, bear”) + -us (adjectival suffix).
barretter
Likely from Old French bareter (“to exchange”), or barateor (“exchanger”). Compare barrator
Aubrey
From Middle English Aubrey, Aubry, from Norman Auberi, Alberi, from Latin Alberīcus, Latinized form of Old High German Alberich, from Proto-Germanic *Albirīks, from *albiz (“elf, fairy”) + *rīks (“king, ruler”). Possibly influenced by Gaulish Albiorīx (literally "ruler of the world").
Cognates include German Alberich and Italian Alberico.
Carmen
From Spanish Carmen, cognate with English Carmel. Made famous outside Spain by the opera Carmen (1875) by Georges Bizet.
From Italian Carmine.
* From Spanish Carmen.
* A variant of Carman.
Maitland
Uncertain, possibly a nickname for an ungracious individual, from Anglo-Norman maltalent (“bad temper”). However, it could also derive from the French village of Mautalant, in Normandy.
Rosamund
Of Germanic origin (probably Frankish via French Rosemonde or Lombardic via Italian Rosmunda), from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”) and *mundō (“protection”). By medieval folk etymology interpreted as Latin rosa munda (“pure rose”) or rosa mundī (“rose of the world”) in reference to the Virgin Mary.
Heliogabalus
Borrowed from Latin Hēliogabalus, a Greek form of Elagabalus, with the first element (and the god) identified with Helios.
O'Dare
Variant of O'Deere, anglicised from Irish Ó Duibhuidir. Most of the O’Dare clan now lives on the Eastern Coast of the US.
Gwendolen
From Welsh gwen (“white, fair, blessed”) + dolen (“ring, bow, hair, brow”).
Gareth
Of Old Welsh origin and cognate with the Welsh name Geraint (from Latin Gerontius (“old man”), from Ancient Greek γέρων (gérōn, “old man”)) or perhaps the word gwareddawg, gwaredd (“gentleness”); see gwâr (“gentle”).
liang
The atonal Wade-Giles and pinyin romanization of the standard Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 兩 /两 (liǎng). Doublet of leung and yang.
chirography
From chirograph + -y under influence from geography &c., from French chirographe, from Latin chirographus and chirographum, from Ancient Greek χειρόγραφος (kheirógraphos) and χειρόγραφον (kheirógraphon), from χειρο- (kheiro-, “hand-”) + γραφος (graphos, “writing, written thing”). Equivalent to chiro- (“hand”) + -graphy (“writing”) and handwriting.
chukker
Borrowed from Hindi चक्कर (cakkar), from Sanskrit चक्र (cakra). Doublet of chakra, chakram, charkha, cycle, cyclus, kike, and wheel.
hemiplegia
From New Latin hemiplegia, from Ancient Greek ἡμιπλήξ (hēmiplḗx), also ἡμιπληγής (hēmiplēgḗs, “stricken on one side”), from ἡμι- (hēmi-, “half”) + πλήσσω (plḗssō, “to strike”). By surface analysis, hemi- + -plegia.
Liam
From Irish Liam, a clipping of Uilliam, itself from English William.
axiom of choice
A calque of German Axiom der Auswahl (now more commonly Auswahlaxiom), which first appeared in print with a description of the axiom in 1908, Ernst Zermelo, Untersuchungen über die Grundlagen der Mengenlehre I ["Investigations in the foundations of set theory I"], Mathematische Annalen, 65 (although the paper was dated 1907).
cankered
From Middle English cankered, y-cancred, past participle of Middle English cankren, equivalent to canker + -ed.
From Middle English cancrede (preterite) and Middle English cankered, y-cancred (past participle) of Middle English cankren (“to canker”), equivalent to canker + -ed.
jacinth
From Middle English jacynct, partly from Old French jacincte, and partly from Old English iacinþ, both from Medieval Latin jacintus, jacinthus, from Latin hyacinthus, from Ancient Greek ὑάκινθος (huákinthos). Doublet of hyacinth.
paskha
Borrowed from Russian па́сха (pásxa), from Па́сха (Pásxa, “Easter”). Doublet of Pasch, Pascha, paska, and Pesach.