MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Beeroth
From Ancient Greek Βηρώθ (Bērṓth), from Biblical Hebrew בְּאֵרוֹת (bəʾērōṯ), ultimately from Proto-West Semitic *biʾrāt- (“wells”). Doublet of Beirut and Berytus.
skybook
From sky + book. Also Calque of Urdu آسمانی کتاب (asmānī kitāb, “heavenly book”), a popular term used in Pakistan for the Quran.
Referring to the belief that the Quran was first revealed by an angel to Muhammad, a prophet in Islam, so it is considered as a book from Heaven.
Easterbrook
From Middle English esterne (“eastern”) + brook (“brook, small stream”).
Garrabrant
Probably an Americanized form of German Garbrand or Gerbrant.
Handal
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Arabic حَنْضَل (ḥanḍal, “colocynth”), a dialectal merger of حَنْظَل (ḥanẓal, “colocynth”). This surname is particularly found in Honduras.
* Borrowed from Norwegian Handal, a habitational surname from any of several farmsteads in Norway.
Eveleigh
Habitational surname from a lost place in Devon, from the Old English personal name Ifa + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
saraka
From an unknown West African language, from Arabic صَدَقَة (ṣadaqa). Although owners of enslaved African Americans suppressed Islam, a small number of cultural practices originating from Islam persisted in the US. The West African tradition of giving rice cakes as charity (related to their practice of Islam) survived among various African Americans.
Wainfleet
Ultimately from Old English wæġn (“wagon”) + flēot (“small stream”).
Kettlewell
From Old English ċetel (“kettle; deep valley”) + wielle (“well”).
McClinton
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Giolla Fhionntáin (“son of the servant of (Saint) Fintán”), a personal name which derives from a hypocoristic form of fionn (“white”).
Moorfield
Habitational surname from any of various places in England called Moorfields, from Old English mōr (“moor, bog, fen”) + feld (“field”).
gardebras
Either borrowed from (Middle) French garde-bras, gardebras, or modified (under the influence of that word) from Middle English garbrasse, itself from that (Middle) French word.
Pelissier
Borrowed from French Pélissier, itself from Occitan.
Polio
Borrowed from Spanish Polio. This surname is mostly found in El Salvador.
Tierno
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Spanish Tierno, a nickname from tierno (“tender, soft”).
* Borrowed from Italian Tierno, a habitational surname.
Settlemire
Americanized spelling of German Sedlmeier or Settelmeier.
Thammavongsa
Borrowed from Lao ທັມມະວົງສ໌ (tham ma wong sa).
Bosanquet
Perhaps a habitational surname of Norman origin, from the village of Bossancourt in France.
kkachi durumagi
From Korean 까치 두루마기 (kkachi durumagi), literally "magpie overcoat".
Creevy
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Craobhaigh (“descendant of Craobhach”), a personal name deriving from craobhach (“branched, branching”). Compare Creagh.
Porlock
From Old English Portloc, from port + loca, literally “harbour enclosure”.
Belliard
Borrowed from French Belliard. This surname is mostly found in France and in the Dominican Republic.
Varkey
Borrowed from Malayalam വർക്കി (vaṟkki, “George”). This surname is mostly found in Kerala.
McStocker
Anglicized form of Irish Mac An Stocaire (“son of the trumpeter”), from stocaire (“trumpeter”).
Lusail
From Arabic لُوسَيْل (lūsayl).
Cumbre Vieja
From Spanish Cumbre Vieja (literally “old summit”).
Couzens
A Middle English surname from Norman terminology. From Anglo-Norman, from Old French cusin, cosin, cousin (“cousin”) (French cousin, cousine). Literally, “familial relative”.
chancely
From Middle English chauncely, chaunselich, equivalent to chance + -ly.
Qualey
Two main origins:
* Variant of Quealy.
* Americanized spelling of Norwegian Kvaløy.
Loonan
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Luanáin (“descendant of Luanán”), a personal name deriving from a diminutive form of Middle Irish lúan (“light, warrior's halo, warrior”). Compare Looney
Pyrgos
Learned borrowing from Greek Πύργος (Pýrgos).
Kilgour
Habitational surname from a place in Fife, from Scottish Gaelic coille (“wood”) + gobhar (“goat”).
brotherment
From brother + -ment; probably a calque of French affrèrement.
Verove
From French Vérove, from Walloon, from Dutch Verhoeven. Doublet of Verhoeven.
acetabulous
From New Latin acetabulosus; by surface analysis, acetabulo- + -ous.
sesma
From Spanish sesma, from Latin sexta (“sixth”), from its use as a sixth of the vara (Spanish yard or rod).
McGinn
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Finn (“son of Fionn”), a byname from fionn (“white”).
Amfikleia
From Greek Αμφίκλεια (Amfíkleia).
Livadeia
From Greek Λιβαδειά (Livadeiá).
Meligalas
From Greek Μελιγαλάς (Meligalás).
Ciofringeni
Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Ciofringeni.
diaulos
From Ancient Greek δίαυλος (díaulos) (equivalent to di- + aulos).
Kalo Nero
From Greek Καλό Νερό (Kaló Neró) or Καλόνερο (Kalónero, “good water”), from καλός (kalós) + νερό (neró).
Diakopto
From Greek Διακοπτό (Diakoptó).
Kalavryta
From Greek Καλάβρυτα (Kalávryta).
Abdy
From Middle English abbodie (“abbey”), itself from Old French abaie.
evocatrix
Learned borrowing from Latin ēvocātrīx. By surface analysis, evocate + -trix.
mangoda
Borrowed from Hindi मंगौड़ा (maṅgauṛā).
hanahaki
From Japanese 花吐き病 (hanahaki-byō), from 花 (hana, “flower”) + 吐く (haku, “to vomit”). An invention of Matsuda Naoko (松田奈緒子) for her manga Hanahaki Otome (『花吐き乙女』).
Gorsky
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Russian Горский (Gorskij).
* A variant of Gorski, a surname from Polish.
Doring
Two main origins:
* A patronymic form of the English surname Dear.
* Borrowed from German Döring.
Puth
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Khmer.
* Borrowed from German Puth.
McEllistrim
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Alastruim (“son of Alastrom”), a variant of Alastar (“Alexander”).
Patapoutian
Borrowed from Armenian Փաթափության (Pʻatʻapʻutʻyan).
diasyrm
From Ancient Greek διασυρμός (diasurmós, “ridicule”), from διασύρω (diasúrō, “tear into peaces; disparage”), from σύρω (súrō).
Rogin
Jewish habitational surname from Belarusian Рогин (Róhin), the name of several villages in Belarus.
Bhaiksuki
From Sanskrit भैक्षुकी (bhaikṣukī).
dumpoke
From Persian [Term?] (“baked”, literally “air-cooked”).
Susiana
Borrowed from Latin Susiana, alternative form of Susianē, from Ancient Greek Σουσιανή (Sousianḗ), from Σουσιανός (Sousianós), from Σοῦσα (Soûsa, “Susa”) + -ιανός (-ianós).
Hohenstaufen
Borrowed from German Hohenstaufen, from hohen (“high”) + Staufen (from Staufer (“member of a Swabian dynasty”), from Old High German stouf (“chalice”), related to Proto-West Germanic *staupijan (“to pour”)), first used to distinguish a hill called Staufer in the Swabian Jura from the village of the same name in the valley below. (See Hohenstaufen § Name on Wikipedia.Wikipedia ).
Crusan
Probably an Americanized spelling of Dutch Cruyssen. Compare Cruzen.
Colato
Borrowed from Italian Colato. However, this surname is mostly found in El Salvador.
Brostrom
Borrowed from Swedish Broström, from bro (“bridge”) + ström (“stream, current”).
Cartaya
Borrowed from Spanish Cartaya. This surname is mostly found in Venezuela and Cuba.
McHaney
Perhaps an unusual Anglicized form of Irish Mac Giolla Choinnigh or Scottish Gaelic Mac Gille Choinnigh (“son of the servant of (Saint) Canice”) from the personal name Coinneach (“Kenneth, Canice”).
troiki
From Russian тро́йки (trójki), plural of тро́йка (trójka).
Galano
Borrowed from Spanish or Italian Galano. This surname is mostly found in the Philippines.
Fripp
Perhaps from Old French frepe (“rag”), a metonymic occupational surname for a dealer in old clothes.
McClintock
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Giolla Fhionntóg and Scottish Gaelic Mac Gille Fhionndaig (“son of the servant of (Saint) Finndag”), a personal name derived from fionn (“white”).
samgyeopsal
Borrowed from Korean 삼겹살 (samgyeopsal, literally “three-layered meat”), referring to the layered appearance of the fat.
pentakaidecahedron
From Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte, “five”) + καί (kaí, “and”) + δέκᾰ (dékă, “ten”) + -hedron.
hexakaidecahedron
From Ancient Greek ἑξα- (hexa-, “six”) + καί (kaí, “and”) + δέκᾰ (dékă, “ten”) + -hedron. Compare Ancient Greek ἑκκαίδεκα (hekkaídeka, “sixteen”).
gumiho
Borrowed from Korean 구미호 (gumiho, “nine-tailed fox”).
heptakaidecahedron
From Ancient Greek ἑπτᾰ́ (heptắ, “seven”) + καί (kaí, “and”) + δέκᾰ (dékă, “ten”) + -hedron.
pentakaidecahedral
From Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte, “five”) + καί (kaí, “and”) + δέκᾰ (dékă, “ten”) + -hedral.
Jaggi
Two main origins:
* Borrowed from Swiss German Jäggi.
* Borrowed from Punjabi.
Hashimi
Borrowed from Arabic هَاشِمِيّ (hāšimiyy, literally “Hashemite”). This surname is mostly found in Saudi Arabia.
Laris
Two main origins:
* A variant of Lariz, a Spanish surname of Basque origin.
* An Americanized spelling of Polish Larysz.
Joswick
Americanized spelling of Polish Jóźwiak and Polish Jóźwik.
O'Gara
Anglicized form of Irish Ó Gadhra (“descendant of Gadhra”), a personal name derived from gadhar (“hound, mastiff”).
Lucker
The name may mean "lake marsh," in which case probably borrowed from Old Norse lǫgr (“lake, sea”).
namazi
From Urdu نَمازی (namāzī), from Urdu نَماز (namāz) and their source, Persian نَمَاز.
Majcher
Borrowed from dialectal Polish Majcher, from Melchior, from Latin Melchior.
Narvaiz
Borrowed from Spanish Narvaiz, Castilianized form of Basque Narbaitz.
Papesh
Americanized form of Czech and Slovak Papeš or Slovene Papež.
McGlamery
Of either Scottish Gaelic or Irish origin; perhaps related to McClamrock.
Wymington
From the Old English personal name Wīdmund, a compound of wīd (“wide”) and mund (“security, protection”), + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Jairus
From Latin Iaīrus, from Ancient Greek Ἰάϊρος (Iáïros), from Biblical Hebrew יָאִיר (yāʾîr, literally “he will light up”). Doublet of Jair.
Simonyan
Borrowed from Armenian Սիմոնյան (Simonyan).
Temkin
Jewish metronymic surname, from a hypocoristic form of the Yiddish personal name תָּמָר (Tomer) (see Tomer) + the Proto-Slavic possessive suffix *-inъ.
tailorcraft
From Middle English tailour craft, taillour crafte, talyour craft, equivalent to tailor + -craft.
Salsgiver
Partial transaltion of the German surname Salzgeber, an occupational surname for a salt merchant from Salz (“salt”) + Geber (“giver, donor”).
Blaxhall
From the Old English personal name *Blæc + -s- + healh (“corner, nook, angle”).
Uskudar
From Turkish Üsküdar, from Ottoman Turkish اوسكدار (üsküdar). Doublet of Scutari.
Sawant
Borrowed from Marathi सावंत (sāvanta). This surname is mostly found in Maharashtra.
phaneron
Coined by Charles Sanders Peirce in 1905 based on Ancient Greek φανερόν n (phanerón, “that which is visible”), substantivized from the adjective φανερός (phanerós, “visible, apparent, manifest”).
Berland
* As a French surname, of Germanic origin, composed of *berō (“bear”) + *land.
* As a Norwegian surname, from several farms in Norway, from Old Norse bjarg (“mountain”) or ber (“berry”) + land.
* As a Jewish surname, variant of Brillant, from Yiddish בריליאַנט (brilyant, “jewel, diamond”), itself from French brillant (“shining”). Compare Brilliant.
Santa Maria degli Angeli
From Italian Santa Maria degli Angeli (“Holy Mary of the Angels”).
Fameuse
From French fameuse, feminine (after pomme f (“apple”)) of fameux (“famous”).
Weissmann
Borrowed from German Weissmann. Doublet of Whiteman.
Wiler
Variant of Wheeler or an Americanized spelling of German Weiler.
Antonopoulos
Borrowed from Greek Αντωνόπουλος (Antonópoulos).
Scaff
Various origins:
* An English surname, perhaps a variant of Scaife.
* Borrowed from Belgian Dutch Scaff.
* A variant of Skaff, a Lebanese surname of Arabic origin. Possibly related to Arabic سَكَّاف (sakkāf, “shoemaker”).
McCarrick
Two main origins:
* Anglicized form of Irish Mac Con Charraige (“son of the hound of the rock”), from cú (“hound”) and carraig (“rock”).
* Anglicized form of Irish Mac Con Chathrach (“son of the hound of the fortress”), from cú (“hound”) and cathair (“castle, fortress”).
mastidion
From Ancient Greek μαστίδιον (mastídion), diminutive of μαστός (mastós, “breast(-shaped object”). Compare mastoid.
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
Either a calque of Pashto د افغانستان اسلامي امارت (də afǧānestãn islāmī imārat) or Dari امارت اسلامی افغانستان (imārat-i islāmī-yi afġānistān).
Roston
From the Old English personal name *Hrōþsiġe + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”). The personal name is composed by the elements hrēþ (“glory, triumph”) + siġe (“victory”).
Takhar
Borrowed from Punjabi ਤੱਖਰ (takkhar).
From Persian تخار (taxâr).
Quirin
From the German and French surname, from Medieval Latin Quirinus. Compare Queer and Kerin.
Ramo
Various origins:
* Borrowed from Finnish Rämö, a surname of unexplained origin.
* Borrowed from Galician and Portuguese Ramo, a habitational surname.
* Borrowed from Spanish Ramo, a topographic surname from ramo (“branch”). Compare Ramos.
Raptis
Borrowed from Greek Ράπτης (Ráptis).
Caldecott
From Old English cald (“cold”) + cot (“cottage”), denoting a place provided with a shelter for the wintertime. Compare Caldecote and Calcott, which share the same etymology.
tinctura myrrhae
From Latin tīnctūra myrrhae.
unaccordant
From Middle English unaccordant, unaccordaunte; equivalent to un- + accordant.
Glace Bay
Calque of French baie de glace (literally “ice bay”), from baie (“bay”) + glace (“ice”). The calque treats "glace" as a proper noun "Glace" instead of common noun "glace". From the fact that the harbour fills with sea ice in winter.
Kiskatom
From an Algonquian language term for "(place of) hickory nuts", or "rough".
Pacas
Borrowed from Spanish Pacas. This surname is mostly found in El Salvador.
Omana
Borrowed from Spanish Omaña. This surname is mostly found in Venezuela.
Montacute
Latinized from Montagu, from Old French mont (“mountain”) + aigu (“sharp”). Alternatively from Latin mons acutus.
Freemantle
From French Fromental (“a place name, a commune in Limousin, France”), from Old French froit (“cold”) + mantel (“cloak, mantle”). The suburb in Hampshire is named after the French village.
Haverstick
Probably an Americanized spelling of Swiss German Haberstich.
Gojcaj
Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Gojčaj. This surname is mostly found in Montenegro.
McGannon
Anglicized form of Irish Mag Fhionnáin (“son of Fhionnán”), a personal name from a diminutive of fionn (“white, fair”). Compare McLennan.
ypogegrammeni
Borrowed from Greek υπογεγραμμένη (ypogegramméni), from Ancient Greek ὑπογεγραμμένη (hupogegramménē).
Saljuqid
From Saljuq + -id, from Arabic سَلْجُوق (Saljūq) and Persian سلجوق (Saljuq).
Saljuq
From Arabic سَلْجُوق (Saljūq) and Persian سلجوق (Saljuq).
Deasis
Borrowed from Spanish De Asís. This surname is mostly found in the Philippines.
Caratachea
Corrupted form of Spanish Garat de Axea, a surname of Basque origin.
Galbally
From Irish gall (“foreigner, stranger”) + baile (“settlement”).
dalgona coffee
Borrowed from Korean 달고나 커피 (dalgona keopi).
xerocomorubin
From the genus name Xerocomus, Latin ruber (“red”), + -in.
Balmain
Perhaps a habitational surname from a place in Scotland, from Scottish Gaelic baile (“village, town”) + meadhan (“middle, center”).
Garavito
Borrowed from Spanish Garavito. This surname is mostly found in Colombia.
Kemple
Americanized spelling of German Kempel or Kempfle.
Hochelaga
Borrowed from French Hochelaga, from Laurentian osheaga (“waterfall”), referring to the Lachine Rapids.
francize
From French franciser (“to frenchify”), from France + -iser. Equivalent to France + -ize.
Karling
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂-der.
Proto-Germanic *karaz
Proto-Germanic *karilaz
Proto-West Germanic *karil
Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷo-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Germanic *-īnaz
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Proto-Germanic *-gaz
?
Proto-Germanic *-ingaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ing
Medieval Latin Karlingusbor.
English Karling
From Medieval Latin Karlingus, from a Frankish patronymic ultimately composed of Proto-West Germanic *karil + *-ing. By surface analysis, Karl + -ing.
Cognate with Middle High German Kärling.
kiddushin
From Jewish Babylonian Aramaic קידושין (literally “sanctifications”), plural of קידוש. Syntactically equivalent to, but differs in meaning from, Hebrew קִדּוּשִׁים.
Londo
From the Dutch habitational surname from a place called Longdoz, in Belgium.
Lips
Borrowed from Dutch and North German Lips, from a reduced form of the personal name Philips.
Stathopoulos
Borrowed from Greek Σταθόπουλος (Stathópoulos).
Taiwo
Borrowed from Yoruba Táíwò (“The first child born in a set of twins”).
McCunniff
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Conduibh (“son of the black hound”), from cú (“hound”) and dubh (“black”). Compare McAdoo and McNiff.
Pattenden
Habitational surname from a lost place in Kent, from the Old English personal name *Peatta + dene (“valley”).
Cruzen
Probably an Americanized spelling of Dutch Cruyssen. Compare Crusan.
Veblen
Borrowed from Norwegian Veblen, the name of a farmstead in Vang, Innlandet.
Fownes
From Old French faon (“fawn”), probably a nickname for a lively or frisky person.
Maharal
Borrowed from Hebrew מהר״ל, an acronym of מוֹרֵינוּ הַרָב לֵיווא (Moreinu Ha-Rav Loew, “our teacher Rabbi Loew”), referring to Judah Loew ben Bezalel (circa 1512-26–1609).
Saljuqian
From Saljuq + -ian, from Arabic سَلْجُوق (Saljūq) and Persian سلجوق (Saljuq).
Respicio
Borrowed from Spanish Respicio. This surname is mostly found in the Philippines.
Beetham
Probably from Old Norse bjothum, dative plural form of beth (“embankment”).
McCowan
Anglicized form of either Scottish Gaelic Mac Eoghain (“son of Eoghan”) or Mac Gille Comghain (“son of the servant of (Saint) Comghan”), from which also McElhone.
Cahalane
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Cathaláin (“descendant of Cathalán”), a diminutive of the personal name Cathal. Compare Callan.
Kelaart
Borrowed from Sinhalese කෙලාර්ට් (kelārṭ).
Dishel
Borrowed from Russian Дишель (Dišelʹ).
Attoun
Borrowed from Arabic اتون. This surname is mostly found in Saudi Arabia.
Lambros
Borrowed from Greek Λάμπρος (Lámpros).
Ahmaud
Apparently a variant of Ahmad, from Arabic أَحْمَد (ʔaḥmad), from حَمِدَ (ḥamida, “to thank or to praise”).
Holmyard
Topographic surname for someone who lived near a holm surrounded by a fenced or walled area, from Old Norse holmr (“islet, holm”) + Old English ġeard (“enclosed place”).
Aldington
From the Old English personal name Ealda + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Yakel
Americanized spelling of German Jackl or Jäckel.
Villamizar
Borrowed from Spanish Villamizar. This surname is mostly found in Colombia.
Madresfield
Possibly from Old English mōdor (“mother”) + -s- + feld (“field”).
Sohi
Borrowed from Punjabi ਸੋਹੀ (sohī).
Coulton
Probably from Old English col (“coal”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Nishitani
Borrowed from Japanese 西谷 (Nishitani).
Hamerton
From Old English hamor (“hammer; rocky mound”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Opie
From the Cornish surname, from a pet form of various personal names such as Osborn or Osbald.
Swynnerton
From either:
# Old English swīn (“swine, pig”) + ford + tūn, 'the settlement at Swinford, the swine ford'.
# Old English swille (“a sloppy or liquid mess”) + ford + tūn, 'the settlement at Swilford, the dirty ford'.
# Old English swan or swān (“herdsman”) + ford + tūn, 'the settlement at Swanford, the herdsmen's or swan's ford'.
# Old English sumor (“summer”) + ford + tūn, 'the settlement at Somerford, the summer ford'.
Amjad
Borrowed from Arabic أمجد (ʔamjad, “most glorious”). This surname is mostly found in Pakistan.
Acebo
Borrowed from Spanish Acebo. This surname is mostly found in the Philippines.
Swatzell
Probably an Americanized form of German Schwärzel or Schwerzel.
McAninch
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Aonghuis (“son of Angus”). Compare McInnis.
Fortnum
From Old French fort (“strong”) + anon (“young foal”), probably a nickname of some sort.
Lennoxtown
From Scottish Gaelic leamhnachd + -town (possibly developed with the interfix -s-, leading to the modern term being spelled with an 'x'), a partial calque of Scottish Gaelic Baile na Leamhnachd, composed of Scottish Gaelic baile (“town, village”) + Scottish Gaelic na (“of”) + Scottish Gaelic leamhnachd (“new/fresh/raw milk”), literally “town of new/fresh/raw milk”, related to Irish leamhnacht (“new/fresh/raw milk”). Also compare Scots Lennoxtoon.
djong
Borrowed from Javanese ꦗꦺꦴꦁ (jong), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *d₂luuŋ ~ *d₂luŋ ~ *d₂luəŋ ~ *d₂ləŋ (“boat”). Doublet of junk.
zabt
Borrowed from Hindustani ज़ब्त (zabt)/ضَبْط (zabt), from Classical Persian ضبط (zabt), from Arabic ضَبْط (ḍabṭ).
Ruthven
Possibly from Scottish Gaelic ruadh (“red”) + mhaighin (“place”). Some places with this name may be from Pictish, equivalent to Welsh rhudd (“red”) + Welsh maen (“stone”).
Brookner
Probably an Americanized spelling of the German surnames Brockner and Bruckner.
Thimmesh
Borrowed from Kannada ತಿಮ್ಮೇಶ್ (timmēś).
Bewick
From Old English beo (“bee”) + wīc (“village; farm”), hence a farm for the production of honey.
Kwantlen
Borrowed from Halkomelem q̓ʷa:n̓ƛ̓ən̓.
Hoyland
From Old English hoh (“hill spur”) + land (“(cultivated) land”).
Wasserstein
Borrowed from German Wasserstein, a Jewish Ashkenazi surname.
Ellerton
The name of the village in the East Riding of Yorkshire derives from the Old English personal name Æþelheard + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”), while the hamlet in Shropshire is from Old English alor (“alder”) + tūn.
Ardmore
From Irish Ard Mór (or Aird Mhór) and Scottish Gaelic Aird Mhòr, meaning "great height". See further Old Irish - and Old Irish -.
Wollacott
Habitational surname from a place in Somerset, from Old English wielle (“well, spring”) + cot (“cottage”).
Louisjean
Borrowed from French Louisjean. This surname is mostly found in Haiti.
Mein
* Borrowed from Dutch and German Mein, from the personal name Maino, Meino, from a derivative of Proto-West Germanic *magan (“to be able, be strong”).
* Also as a German surname, from the adjective (ge)mein (“mean, nasty”).
* As a Scottish surname, variant of Main.
McTurk
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic and Northern Irish Mac Toirc (“son of Torc”), a byname from torc (“wild boar”).
Finglas
Anglicized form of Irish Fionnghlas, from fionn (“fair; clear”) + glas (“rivulet, stream”).
Owston
From Old English ēast (“east”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Hulskamp
Borrowed from either Dutch Hulskamp or German Hülskamp.
Dolge
Borrowed from German Dolge.
From Russian Долге (Dolge).
Superville
Borrowed from French Superville, itself from Occitan Supervila.
Wraxall
From a lost Old English word *wrocc (“buzzard”), perhaps used as a personal name, + -s- + healh (“corner, angle, nook”). Compare the doublet Wroxall.
Elwes
From the Norman female given name Helois, cognate with modern French Éloïse.
Enstone
From the Old English personal name Ēana + stān (“stone”), from a standing stone which was part of ancient neolithic tomb.
Crosthwaite
From Old Norse kross (“cross”) + þveit (“clearing”).
Presland
Habitational surname from the village of Priestland, in Scotland, which is from Old English prēost (“priest”) + land (“(cultivated) land”).
McGlasson
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Glasain (“son of Glasan”), a personal name derived from a diminutive of glas (“gray, green, blue”).
propagatrix
Learned borrowing from Latin propāgātrīx. By surface analysis, propagate + -trix.
Bromwich
Habitational surname from the town of West Bromwich, in West Midlands, from Old English brōm (“brushwood”) + wīc (“village”).
Maor
Borrowed from Hebrew מָאוֹר (ma'or, “light, luminary”).
Wrighton
Perhaps a habitational surname from Old English hryċġ (“ridge”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”), or from the village of Reighton, in North Yorkshire.
Cardonald
Probably from Cumbric *cayr (“fort”) + Cumbric *Duvinwal, a personal name (see Donald).
Hebblethwaite
Habitational surname from a place in Cumbria, from Old English hēope (“rosehip”) + Old Norse þveit (“clearing”).
Engholm
Borrowed from Swedish Engholm, from äng (“meadow”) + holm (“small island”).
Schultheis
From the German surname, from Schultheiß (“mayor, headman”). Compare Schulz.
Saltman
English occupational surname, from salt + man. See also Salter.
This has parallels and adaptions from other surnames such as Jewish and German Salzmann, Jewish Saltsman.
Cottee
From Old French cotte (“coat of mail”), a metonymic occupational surname for a maker of chainmail.