MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Haemimontus
From Latin Haemimontus, from Haemus + mons.
Sandhikharka
Borrowed from Nepali सन्धिखर्क (sandhikharka).
vibrotaxis
From vibro-, from Latin vibrāre (“vibrate”) + Ancient Greek τάξις (táxis, “arrangement”)
rhabdiferous
From rhabd-, from Ancient Greek ῥάβδος (rhábdos, “rod”) + -iferous.
Artenkreis
Borrowed from German, from Arten, plural of Art (“species”) + Kreis (“cycle”).
Kaiser Wilhelm II Land
Calque of German Kaiser-Wilhelmsland. The area was discovered on 22 February 1902, during the Gauss expedition of 1901–1903 led by Arctic veteran and geologist Erich von Drygalski. Drygalski named it after the sitting Kaiser Wilhelm II who had funded the expedition with 1.2 million goldmarks.
Qikiqtaaluk
Borrowed from Inuktitut ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓗᒃ (qikiqtaalok).
Matangi
Borrowed from Sanskrit मातङ्गी (mātaṅgī).
Tostito
Likely from Spanish tosta (“toast”), tostado (“toasted”), with an ending matching other brands of Frito-Lay Inc. (Doritos, Cheetos, Fritos), from Spanish frito (“fried”).
Foong
Borrowed from Mandarin 馮／冯 (Féng) or Cantonese 馮／冯 (fung4).
Choong
Borrowed from Mandarin 鍾／钟 (Zhōng), Cantonese 鍾／钟 (zung1) or Hakka 鍾／钟 (Chûng).
melophone
Probably from French mélophone, from mélo- + -phone. By surface analysis, melo- + -phone.
Raumism
Calque of Esperanto Raŭmismo, after the Finnish town of Rauma + -ism.
Finvenkism
From Esperanto finvenkismo, from Esperanto fina venko (“final victory”) + -ism.
Granborough
From Old English grēne + beorg (“green hill”), recorded as Grenebeorge c.1060 and Grenesberga in 1086 (DB), and Grandborough c.1600, which was revised to Granborough in the 20th century (between 1930 and 1968 on OS maps).
mochitsuki
From Japanese 餅搗き (もちつき, mochitsuki, “pounding mochi”), from Japanese 餅 (もち, mochi) + Japanese 搗 (つく, tsuku, “pounding”).
Vladimirovichi
From Russian Влади́мировичи (Vladímiroviči).
Aihui
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 愛輝 /爱辉 (Àihuī).
trikirion
Ultimately from Ancient Greek τρικήριον (trikḗrion).
dikirion
Ultimately from Ancient Greek δικήριον (dikḗrion).
Pontlliw
From Welsh pont (“bridge”) + Lliw: bridge over the River or Afon Lliw.
Shanhaiguan
From Mandarin 山海關 /山海关 (Shānhǎiguān).
Haigang
From Mandarin 海港 (Hǎigǎng).
Funing
From Mandarin 撫寧 /抚宁 (Fǔníng).
Lulong
From Mandarin 盧龍 /卢龙 (Lúlóng).
Changli
From Mandarin 昌黎 (Chānglí).
Panaitan
From Indonesian Panaitan, from Sundanese Panaitan.
urdoxa
German Urdoxa, equivalent to ur- + doxa (Ancient Greek δόξα (dóxa)), in Husserlian phenomenology.
ho kua bo ho jiak
From Hokkien 好看無好食 /好看无好食 (hó-khòaⁿ bô hó-chia̍h, literally “good to look at, not good to eat”).
Los Feliz
Borrowed from Spanish los Féliz, named after the Féliz family who owned Rancho Los Feliz.
Kleopatrai
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Κλεοπάτραι (Kleopátrai).
mesode
From Ancient Greek μεσῳδός (mesōidós); see meso-, ode.
cleft habitus
Calque of French habitus clivé, coined by French sociologist, anthropologist, and philosopher Pierre Bourdieu.
maamar
Borrowed from Hebrew מַאֲמָר (ma'amár, “statement”).
Edot HaMizrach
Borrowed from Hebrew עֵדוֹת הַמִּזְרָח (edót hamizrákh, literally “communities of the east”).
Girgashite
From Ecclesiastical Latin Gergeseum, from Ancient Greek Γεργεσαῖον (Gergesaîon), from Biblical Hebrew גִּרְגָּשִׁי (girgāšî).
Further etymology is unknown.
nimisin
From Toki Pona nimi sin (literally “new word”), formed from nimi (“word”) (from Finnish nimi) + sin (“new”) (from Mandarin 新 (xīn, “new, fresh”)).
Lenaia
Borrowed from Ancient Greek Λήναια (Lḗnaia).
Bezalel
Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew בְּצַלְאֵל (Bəṣalʼēl).
taoke
Borrowed from Hokkien 頭家 /头家 (thâu-ke, “boss”). Doublet of towkay. Compare Tagalog taoke, Tausug tawki, Malay tauke, Indonesian tauke, Burmese ထောင်ကဲ (htaungkai:), Puyuma tawki, Rukai tawki, Sakizaya tawki.
Kenter
From Middle English Kenter, probably from earlier Kent-wærre, from Old English Cantware (“inhabitants of Kent”), equivalent to Kent + -er.
Dzvinkove
From Ukrainian Дзвінкове́ (Dzvinkové).
Represa
Borrowed from Spanish represa (“dam”), named after the nearby dam under construction in 1892.
endware
Inherited from Middle English *endeware, from Old English *endeware (literally “village people”), from ende (“end, extremity”) + -ware (“inhabitants”), metonymically extended from the inhabitants of a settlement to the settlement itself. Compare endship for a similar formation.
dark forest hypothesis
From dark + forest + hypothesis. From the title of the novel The Dark Forest (2008) (黑暗森林), by Liu Cixin (刘慈欣), from Chinese 黑暗森林, from 黑暗+森林. Coined by Chinese author Cixin Liu originally in Chinese, then translated into English.
Bromius
Ancient Greek Βρόμιος (Brómios)
Ancient Greek Βρομίος (Bromíos)
Addaru
Learned borrowing from Akkadian 𒌚𒊺 (Addaru). Doublet of Adar.
Pereviz
From Ukrainian Переві́з (Perevíz). Compare Perevoz and Pieravoz.
xylospongium
From Latin xylospongium, from Ancient Greek ξῠλοσπόγγῐον (xŭlospóngĭon), diminutive of ξῠλόσπογγος (xŭlóspongos). By surface analysis, xylo- (“wood”) + sponge.
Liujiang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 柳江 (Liǔjiāng).
Xuejia
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 學甲 (Xuéjiǎ).
anidolic
Coined around 1990 (see first quotation), from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, “non-”) + Ancient Greek εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “figure, representation”) + -ic.
eThekwini
Borrowed from Zulu eThekwini, from itheku (“bay, lagoon”).
Wissahickon
Borrowed from Unami [Term?], from wisamèkw (“catfish”) + [Term?], referencing the nearby Wissahickon Creek, once plentiful with catfish.
Maliutianka
From Ukrainian Малю́тянка (Maljútjanka).
Ivankiv
From Ukrainian Іва́нків (Ivánkiv). Compare Ivankov.
From Ukrainian Іва́ньків (Ivánʹkiv). Compare Ivańkaŭ.
Iron Dome
Calque of Hebrew כיפת ברזל (kipát barzél).
Erhlitou
From Mandarin 二里頭 (Èrlǐtóu), Wade–Giles romanization: Êrh⁴-li³-tʻou².
Qiezihe
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 茄子河.
El Minya
Borrowed from Arabic الْمِنْيَا (al-minyā).
Ivankivtsi
From Ukrainian Іва́нківці (Ivánkivci). Compare Ivankovtsi and Ivankovtsy.
lirophthalmy
Borrowed from Ancient Greek λῑρόφθᾰλμος (līróphthălmos, “lewd-eyed”), from λῑρός (līrós, “lewd; shameless”) + ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós, “eye”).
Ivanky
From Ukrainian Іва́ньки (Ivánʹky). Compare Ivańki.
go-stop
Borrowed from Korean 고스톱 (goseutop), from English go + stop.
koi-koi
Borrowed from Japanese こいこい (koikoi), a reduplication of 来(こ)い (koi, imperative form of 来(く)る (kuru, “to come”)).
plagiosaur
Clipping of taxonomic name Plagiosauroidea or Plagiosauridae. By surface analysis, plagio- + -saur.
rasavalli
Borrowed from Tamil இராசவள்ளி (irācavaḷḷi), ultimately from Sanskrit रस (rasa, “juice, essence”) + native Tamil வள்ளி (vaḷḷi, “climber, creeper”).
fotiaoqiang
Borrowed from Mandarin 佛跳墙 (fótiàoqiáng, literally “Buddha Jumps Over the Wall”)
Dytiatky
From Ukrainian Дитя́тки (Dytjátky).
Fenevychi
From Ukrainian Фе́невичі (Fénevyči).
Hornostaipil
From Ukrainian Горноста́йпіль (Hornostájpilʹ).
Kukhari
From Ukrainian Кухарі́ (Kuxarí). Compare Kuchary.
Makarivka
From Ukrainian Мака́рівка (Makárivka).
Musiiky
From Ukrainian Мусі́йки (Musíjky).
Obukhovychi
From Ukrainian Обухо́вичі (Obuxóvyči).
Prybirsk
From Ukrainian Прибі́рськ (Prybírsʹk).
Rozvazhiv
From Ukrainian Розва́жів (Rozváživ).
Termakhivka
From Ukrainian Термахі́вка (Termaxívka).
Zaprudka
From Ukrainian Запру́дка (Zaprúdka).
Zhmiivka
From Ukrainian Жмії́вка (Žmijívka).
aravani
Borrowed from Tamil அரவாணி (aravāṇi)
Turpu Kapu
From Telugu తూర్పు కాపు (tūrpu kāpu).
Zhezkazgan
Borrowed from Russian Жезқазған (Jezqazğan).
kao peh kao bu
From Hokkien 哭爸哭母 (khàu-pē-khàu-bú, “to complain to high heaven”, literally “to quarrel with one’s parents; to weep for one’s father and mother”).
Kusulaka
From Proto-Saka *Kuzulaka (“striving, ambitious, energetic”)
Krapkowice
Unadapted borrowing from Polish Krapkowice.
Shule
From Mandarin 疏勒 (Shūlè).
beetel
Borrowed from Portuguese bétele, from Malayalam വെറ്റില (veṟṟila) or Tamil வெற்றிலை (veṟṟilai).
shashlyki
From Russian шашлыки́ (šašlykí).
propitiary
From Latin propitiāre (“to appease”) + -ary.
Hemish
Borrowed from Jemez hį́·mį́š (“people”)
supracargo
From English supra- (prefix meaning ‘above, over’) + borrowed from Italian sopracargo, a dialectal form of sopraccarico, from sopra- (prefix meaning ‘above, over’) + carico (“cargo”) (from caricare (“to load; to take aboard”), from Late Latin carricāre, the present active infinitive of carricō (“to load”), from Latin carrus (“cart, wagon; cartload”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”)) + -icō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)).
phragmocyttarous
From phragmo-, from Ancient Greek φρᾰγμός (phrăgmós) + κύτταρος (kúttaros).
Wisma Putra
From Malay Wisma Putra (literally “Building of the Prince”), which was the former location of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' headquarters building.
Xianyou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 仙遊 /仙游 (Xiānyóu).
lautiously
1547 coined by Andrew Boorde from Latin lautus + -i- + -ous + -ly.
puccinia
Borrowed from translingual Puccinia, from Italian Puccini, named after Tommaso Puccini.
Suwayda
Borrowed from Arabic السُّوَيْدَاء (as-suwaydāʔ).
Chinese Dream
Calque of Chinese 中國夢 /中国梦 (Zhōngguómèng).
Belinyu
From Indonesian Belinyu, from Bangka Belinyu.
Liuyang
From Mandarin 瀏陽 /浏阳 (Liúyáng).
Furong
From Mandarin 芙蓉 (Fúróng).
Tianxin
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 天心 (tiānxīn).
Wangcheng
From Mandarin 望城 (Wàngchéng).
Yuelu
From Mandarin 嶽麓 /岳麓 (Yuèlù).
Ningxiang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 寧鄉 /宁乡 (Níngxiāng).
tian nan xing
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 天南星 (tiānnánxīng).
munjen
From Tamil மஞ்சள் (mañcaḷ, “turmeric, yellow”).
potong ice cream
From Malay potong (“to cut into parts”) + ice cream.
sheer khurma
Ultimately from Persian شیرخرما from شیر (šīr or šir, “milk”) + خرما (xormâ or xurmâ, “date (fruit)”)
Matrika
Borrowed from Sanskrit मातृका (mātṛkā, “mother”).
Wuming
From Mandarin 武鳴 /武鸣 (Wǔmíng).
Nandini
Borrowed from Hindi नंदिनी (nandinī, “daughter, epithet of Durga”), from Sanskrit.
okruhy
From Ukrainian округи́ (okruhý), о́круги (ókruhy).
watalappam
Borrowed from Sinhalese වටලප්පන් (waṭalappan), from Tamil வட்டிலப்பம் (vaṭṭilappam).
Carlowrie
From Cumbric *cayr (“fort”) + Cumbric *lowern (“fox”).
Saptamatrikas
Borrowed from Sanskrit सप्तमातृका (saptamātṛkā, “seven mothers”) + -s, from सप्त (sapta, “seven”) + मातृका (mātṛkā, “mothers”).
skutch
From Italian scocciare (“to annoy; to bother; to pester”).
Serbonian Bog
Semantic loan from Latin Sirbonis Lacus, from Ancient Greek Σιρβωνίδος λίμνη (Sirbōnídos límnē).
alectryomantic
From Ancient Greek ἀλεκτρυών (alektruṓn), ἀλέκτωρ (aléktōr, “a rooster”) + -mantic.
chartomantic
From Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs, “leaf of paper”) + -mantic.
cledonomantic
From Ancient Greek κληδών (klēdṓn, “an omen”) + -mantic.
Koiwai
Borrowed from Japanese 小岩井(こいわい) (Koiwai).
nostrovia
Borrowed from Russian на здоро́вье (na zdoróvʹje), commonly misunderstood by English speakers to mean "cheers".
Khmara
Transliteration of Ukrainian Хмара (Xmara) and transliteration of Belarusian Хмара (Xmara), from хмара (xmara), from Proto-Slavic *xmara.
Chemeryntsi
From Ukrainian Чемери́нці (Čemerýnci).
thigh-shower
Calque of Ancient Greek φαινομηρίδες (phainomērídes).
road horse
From Middle English rode hors, rodehors, from Old English rādhors (“saddle-horse”), equivalent to road + horse.
kalampokiphobia
Coined by the 2020s. From Greek καλαμπόκι (kalampóki, “corn, maize”) and the modern English suffix -phobia, itself from the Ancient Greek -φοβία (-phobía, “fear”).
Plenykiv
From Ukrainian Пле́ників (Plénykiv).
Vyshnivchyk
From Ukrainian Вишнівчи́к (Vyšnivčýk). Compare Wiśniowczyk.
Midt-Telemark
From Norwegian midt (“mid”) + Telemark. Formed in 2020 from the municipalities of Bø and Sauherad.
Bachok
Borrowed from Malay Bachok, from Thai บ้านจาก (Bâan Jàak, literally “Village of Nipa Palms”) via Pattani Malay [Term?].
Forest of Lyme
Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Celtic *limos (“elm”). However, note the objections of Coates (2003), who argued for a derivation from, via Proto-Brythonic, Latin līmes (“boundary”).
Bombay Hook
Borrowed from Middle Dutch Boompjes Hoeck (modern Dutch Boompjes Hoek, literally “Little-tree Hook”). Spelling influenced by, and thus remodeled after, Bombay (“historical name of Mumbai”) + hook (“a curve”), and thus also inadvertently a partial calque from Middle Dutch.
Shabungoth
Most likely derived from Sephardi Hebrew, where the pronunciation of ע in the original Hebrew שָׁבוּעוֹת (shavu'ót) is "ng".
Nowe Brusno
Unadapted borrowing from Polish Nowe Brusno.
Stare Brusno
Unadapted borrowing from Polish Stare Brusno.
Puchacze
Unadapted borrowing from Polish Puchacze. Compare Puhăceni, Puhačy, and Puvočiai.
eupatheia
Borrowed from Ancient Greek εὐπάθεια (eupátheia).
agronym
Ancient Greek ᾰ̓γρός (ăgrós, “field, tilled land, farm”) + English -onym (“name”)
Doofenshmirtzian
From Doofenshmirtz + -ian; the character's name is possibly inspired by doofus or German doof (“stupid”) and German surnames such as Schmitz.
Ghiduleni
Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Ghiduleni.
pad kee mao
Borrowed from Thai ผัดขี้เมา (pàt-kîi-mao).
count form
Calque of Bulgarian бро́йна фо́рма (brójna fórma), coined by American linguist Ernest Scatton in 1984 in A Reference Grammar of Modern Bulgarian.
ang kong kia
From Hokkien 尪公囝 (ang-kong-kiáⁿ, “tattoo (diminutive); doll; idol of a male deity”).
ang kong siao
From Hokkien 尪公痟 (ang-kong-siáu, literally “tattoo crazy”).
Zhuangwei
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 壯圍 (Zhuàngwéi).
jugaadu
Borrowed from Hindi जुगाड़ू (jugāṛū), from जुगाड़ (jugāṛ, “hack; quick fix”).
bakchod
Borrowed from Hindi बकचोद (bakcod), from बकना (baknā, “to babble, talk nonsense”) + चोद (cod, “fucker (vulgar)”).
agalinis
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *méǵh₂sder.
Proto-Indo-European *m̥ǵh₂-
Proto-Hellenic *əga-
Ancient Greek ἀγα- (aga-)
Proto-Indo-European *līnomder.
Proto-Italic *līnom
Latin linis
taxonomic name Agalinislbor.
English agalinis
Learned borrowing from taxonomic name Agalinis.
bakait
Borrowed from Hindi बकैती (bakaitī), a regional slang noun formed from बक (bak, “talk/blabber”) and a suffix implying boastful or exaggerated behaviour.
panauti
Borrowed from Hindi पनौती (panautī, “misfortune, bringer of bad luck”).
Polycaon
Ancient Greek Πολυκάων (Polukáōn, literally “much-burning”)
Tarasivka
From Ukrainian Тара́сівка (Tarásivka). Compare Tarasaŭka and Tarasovka.
Slumbay
Earlier Slumba, Slumpa, from Middle English Slomba, from Scottish Gaelic Slumba, probably from Old Norse slaemr-vágr (“slim or small bay”). Alternatively, perhaps from Scottish Gaelic Slugag (“small pool”). Possibly influenced by bay.
Rudong
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 如東 /如东.
Rugao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 如皋 (Rúgāo).
Chongchuan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 崇川.
pad woon sen
Borrowed from Thai ผัดวุ้นเส้น, a compound of ผัด (pàt, “stir fry”) and วุ้นเส้น (wún-sên, “glass noodles”).
Durotriges
From Ancient Greek Δουρότριγες (Dourótriges) (from c. 150 CE, Ptolemy, Geography), transliterated from inscriptions on Hadrian's Wall.
Pisar
From Czech písař, Slovak pisár, Serbo-Croatian pìsār, Ukrainian писар (pysar) and Russian писарь (pisarʹ).
Timok
From Serbo-Croatian, Bulgarian Тимок (Timok).
faltu
Borrowed from Hindi फालतू (phāltū, “useless, unnecessary”).
baklol
Borrowed from Hindi बकलोल (baklol, “fool, idiot”).
tharki
Borrowed from Hindi थरकी (tharkī), from थरक (tharak, “lust, desire”).
tapori
Borrowed from Marathi टपोरी (ṭaporī).
gossip mirror
From gossip (noun) + mirror (noun), a calque of a North Germanic language (compare Finnish juorupeili and Swedish skvallerspegel), from the idea that such mirrors are used by gossips to spy on other people in the street.
New Sparta
Calque of Spanish Nueva Esparta, adopted in 1864 in honor of the inhabitants' heroism during the Venezuelan War of Independence, which was likened to that of the ancient Spartans. Doublet of Nueva Esparta.
Lakshmidas
Borrowed from Sanskrit लक्ष्मीदास (lakṣmīdāsa, “servant of Lakshmi”), from लक्ष्मी (lakṣmī, “the goddess Lakshmi”) + दास (dāsa, “servant, slave”).
heead
From Old English hēafd-, hēafod (“head; top; chief”).
Akrotiri
Borrowed from Greek ακρωτήρι (akrotíri), from Ancient Greek ἀκρωτήρῐον (akrōtḗrĭon).
Lakhan
Borrowed from Hindi लखन (lakhan), ultimately from Sanskrit लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa).
fish-eating crocodile
Calque of Bengali মেছো কুমির (mechō kumir).
sterication
Coined by mathematician Norman Johnson from Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós, “sold, firm, hard”) + -ation.
black mongo
From black + Spanish mongo, which is a calque of Hokkien 烏豆 /乌豆 (o͘-tāu, literally “black bean”). See also Tagalog utaw (“black mongo”), Cebuano utaw (“black mongo”).
Payinkuoleng
From Mandarin 巴音郭楞 (Bāyīnguōléng), Wade–Giles romanization: Pa¹-yin¹-kuo¹-lêng².
Zemarite
From Ecclesiastical Latin Samariten, from Ancient Greek Σαμαραῖον (Samaraîon), from Hebrew צְמָרִי (ṣᵊmārî).
Hatsukaichi
From Japanese 廿日(はつか)市(いち) (Hatsukaichi).
Kalakuta
Borrowed from Sanskrit कालकूट (kālakūṭa).
syncerebrum
From syn-, from Ancient Greek συν- (sun-, “together”) + Latin cerebrum (“brain”).
Brauronia
Ancient Greek βραυρώνια (braurṓnia)
Ziskind
Transliteration of Yiddish זיסקינד (ziskind), from Yiddish זיס (zis, “sweet”) and Yiddish קינד (kind, “child”), from Old High German.
Zilberstein
Borrowed from Yiddish זילבערשטיין (zilbershteyn), from Yiddish זילבער (zilber, “silver”) and Yiddish שטיין (shteyn, “stone”), from Old High German.
Zilberschlag
Borrowed from Yiddish זילבערשלאָג (zilbershlog), from Yiddish זילבער (zilber, “silver”) and Yiddish שלאָג (shlog, “strike”), from Middle High German.
strobo-
From Ancient Greek στρόβος (stróbos, “whirl”).
capitalist roadist
By analogy with capitalist roadism, itself formed by analogy with capitalist roader, a calque of Chinese 走資派 /走资派 (zǒuzīpài, literally “one who takes the capitalist road”). By surface analysis, capitalist + road (figurative) + -ist (adjectival suffix).
whale's road
Calque of Old English hranrād, from hran (“whale”) + rād (“road”).
whale's way
Calque of Old English hranrād, from hran (“whale”) + rād (“road, way”).
Andalus
From Arabic الْأَنْدَلُس (al-ʔandalus).
Shariff Aguak
Renamed from Maganoy by virtue of Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 45 on 22 February 1996 after the Muslim preacher Shariff (Arabic شَرِيف (šarīf, “noble”)) Aguak, a “great son” of Shariff Ampatuan who was one of the first people to bring the Islamic faith to the Maguindanao area.
Koine Greek
Derived from Koine Greek ἡ κοινή δῐᾰ́λεκτος (hē koinḗ dĭắlektos, literally “the common dialect”).
Musashino
Borrowed from Japanese 武蔵(むさし)野(の) (Musashino).
Turkmenbashi
Borrowed from Turkmen Türkmenbaşy (“Head of the Turkmen”), possibly through Russian Түркменбаши.
Automedon
Borrowed from Ancient Greek Αὐτομέδων (Automédōn).
Huzhu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 互助 (Hùzhù).
Ledu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 樂都 /乐都 (Lèdū).
Xunhua
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 循化 (Xúnhuà).
duniewassal
From Scottish Gaelic duine (“man”) plus Scottish Gaelic uasal (“noble”).
mountain-elf
From mountain + elf; compare Old English muntælfen, from munt (“mountain”) + ælfen (“elf”).
dorcadion
Borrowed from translingual Dorcadion, itself from Ancient Greek δορκάδιον (dorkádion), a diminutive form of Ancient Greek δορκᾰ́ς (dorkắs, “roe, gazelle, antelope”).
unlief
From Middle English unleeffe, unlef, from Old English unlēof (“not dear, not beloved, odious, hateful”), from Proto-West Germanic *unleub (“unloved, unpleasant”), from Proto-Germanic *unleubaz (“not dear, unpleasant”). By surface analysis, un- + lief. Cognate with Dutch onlief, German unlieb, Icelandic óljúfur (“unpleasant”).
ex nihilo nihil fit
Learned borrowing from Latin ex nihilō nihil fit (literally “out of nothing is made nothing”), from De rerum natura by Lucretius.
encraty
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐνκράτεια (enkráteia)
eidolism
From Ancient Greek εἴδωλον (eídōlon, “image, apparition, phantom, ghost”) + -ism.
Ceryx
Ancient Greek Κῆρυξ (Kêrux, literally “herald”)
manpo-kei
Borrowed from Japanese 万歩計 (literally “10,000 steps”)
poplolly
Likely a fanciful variant of poplet, ultimately from French poupe (“doll”).
dictyota
Borrowed from translingual Dictyota, from Ancient Greek δικτυωτός (diktuōtós, “netted; latticed”).
green mongo
From green + Spanish mongo, which is a calque of Hokkien 綠豆 /绿豆 (lia̍k-tāu, literally “green bean”).
tujeon
Borrowed from Korean 투전 (鬪牋) (tujeon).
galamah
From Neapolitan calamad, compare Italian and Sicilian calamari. Doublet of calamari.
Other words attributed to Italian Americans, like gabagool and rigot, also exhibit voicing of /p t k/ in the source language, and elision of final -i, -o and -a.
Diocles
From Ancient Greek Διοκλῆς (Dioklês)
ghodu
From Hindi घोड़ू (ghoṛū), a combination of घोड़ा (ghoṛā) + -ऊ (-ū), literally meaning "horse-like." (The voiced retroflex flap is colloquially rendered in English as a "d" instead of as an "r" by Hindi transliteration.)
Red Beach
red + beach. From being a coastal area with a red coloured environment.
* (coastal marsh in Liaoning, China): Calque of Chinese 紅海灘 /红海滩 (Hóng hǎitān).
chey
From Cantonese 唓 /𪠳 (ce²) or Singaporean Hokkien 唓 /𪠳 (chhê, expression of dismissal).
Brusno
Unadapted borrowing from Polish Brusno.
Unadapted borrowing from Slovak Brusno.
BaZi
Borrowed from Chinese 八字 (bāzì, “eight characters [indicating year, month, etc.]”).
Tanjong Katong
From Malay Tanjong Katong (“Turtle Point”, literally “Cape of Leatherback Turtle”). Katong referred to a now-extinct species of sea turtle once found in the area, and may also describe the rippling effect seen along a shoreline caused by a sea mirage.
melodium
Alternative form of melodeon.
Both this word and its variant melodeon are ultimately borrowings from French French mélodium and German German Melodium. Attested from 1846.
Sanseito
Borrowed from Japanese 参政党 (sansei tō, literally “Political Participation Party”).
KPL
Initialism of Lao ຂ່າວສານປະເທດລາວ (khāo sān pa thēt lāo).
King Frederick VIII Land
Calque of Danish Kong Frederik VIII Land, named after Frederick VIII of Denmark.
Spenard
From French Spénard
* The lake in Alaska is named after early settler Joe Spenard, who settled on its shores. A road from what was Anchorage city limits to the lake is named Spenard Road, after the lake, which is now contained within Anchorage. The neighborhood surrounding the lake is named after the road. The type of divorce is named after the neighborhood.
Lishu
From Mandarin 梨樹 /梨树 (Líshù).
Tiexi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization for Mandarin 鐵西 /铁西.
Tiedong
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization for Mandarin 鐵東 /铁东.
Yitong
From Mandarin 伊通 (Yītōng).
cardiophylax
Borrowed from Latin cardiophylax, derived from Ancient Greek καρδία (kardía) + φύλαξ (phúlax).
Shushanik
From Armenian Շուշանիկ (Šušanik).
Sinite
From Ecclesiastical Latin Sineum, from Ancient Greek Ασενναῖον (Asennaîon), from Biblical Hebrew סִינִי (sînî).
dapanji
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 大盤雞 /大盘鸡 (dàpánjī).
Arvadite
From Ecclesiastical Latin Aradium, from Ancient Greek Ἀράδιον (Arádion), from Biblical Hebrew אַרְוָדִי ('arvāḏî) , gentilic of Biblical Hebrew אַרְוַד ('arvaḏ) .
Compare Phoenician 𐤀𐤓𐤅𐤃 (ʾrwd) and Ancient Greek Ἄραδος (Árados).
frontoclypeus
From Latin frōns (“forehead”) + clypeus (“shield”)
dragonship
From dragon + ship; calque of Old Norse drekaskip, from dreki (“dragon”) + skip (“ship”).
Neronic
From Latin Nerōn- (the stem of Nerō) + -ic.
Tynda
Borrowed from Russian Ты́нда (Týnda), from Evenki.
Peigan
Ultimately derived from Blackfoot Piikáni, possibly through a language such as Muskogee or Apsalooke due to voicing of intervocalic /k/.
Doublet of Piikani.
atheed
Learned borrowing from Old English ġeþēode (“language”), from ġe- + þēode (“people, nation”).
Pugach
From Ukrainian or Russian Пугач (Pugač), or from Polish Puchacz; Literally, “owl”.
Crvenkoska
Borrowed from Macedonian Црвенкоска (Crvenkoska).
Shuruppak
Learned borrowing from Sumerian 𒋢𒆳𒊒𒆠.
Thermaean
From Therma + -ean, modelled after Latin Thermaeus, from Ancient Greek Θερμαῖος (Thermaîos).
Thermaic
From Latin Thermaicus, from Ancient Greek Θερμαϊκός (Thermaïkós).
Idaeus
Borrowed from Latin Idaeus, from Ancient Greek Ἰδαῖος (Idaîos).