MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Cantos
Borrowed from Spanish Cantos. Usually a Filipino surname, but also a Spanish surname, prevalent in Ecuador and parts of Spain.
Endaya
Filipino and Spanish toponymic surname from Basque Hendaia (“Hendaye; town in Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France”), usually transcribed as Hendaya.
lokun
From Hokkien 老君 (ló-kun), from Malay dukun (“shaman or medicine man”). Doublet of dukun.
siam diu
From Siam (“historical name of Thailand”) and Cantonese 吊 (diu3, “to hang”), referring to the flower garlands.
gongylidium
Borrowed from Ancient Greek γογγυλίδιον (gongulídion).
gao lak
Borrowed from Teochew 侯栗 (gao⁶ lag⁸, “chestnut”).
mukim
Borrowed from Malay mukim, from Arabic مُقِيم (muqīm).
vadai
Borrowed from Tamil வடை (vaṭai). Compare cognates Hindi वड़ा (vaṛā) and Malayalam വട (vaṭa).
mai tu liao
From Hokkien 莫躇了 (mài thû liáu, “don't hesitate”).
najaasah
Borrowed from Arabic نَجَاسَة (najāsa).
Sobek
Borrowed from Egyptian s-b-k:I3 (sbk).
 Doublet of Suchus.
Borrowed from Polish Sobek.
mao shan wang
From Malay musang (“civet cat”), via Mandarin 貓山王 /猫山王 (māo shān wáng).
delay no more
Deliberate Hobson-Jobson of Cantonese 屌你老母 (diu² nei⁵ lou⁵ mou⁵⁻², “fuck your mother”).
win liao lor
win + liao (perfective aspect and change of state marker) + lor (final particle used to express resignation), from Hokkien 了 (liâu) and Cantonese 囉 /啰 (lo¹) respectively.
syneisaktism
From Ancient Greek συνείσακτος (suneísaktos, “(adjective) introduced together; (noun) participant in syneisaktism”), from συνεισάγω (suneiságō, “to bring in together”), from συν- (sun-, “together”) + εἰσάγω (eiságō, “to bring in, introduce”).
holmgang
From Old Norse hólmganga; cognate with Icelandic hólmganga, Swedish holmgång.
hypermese
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὑπερμέση (hupermésē, “lying over the μέση (mésē) string”).
Badshah
Borrowed from Classical Persian بادشاه (bādšāh) via Hindustani बादशाह/بادشاہ (bādśāh).
luanchari
Borrowed from Hindi लोआंचरी (loāñcrī).
phenogam
From Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō, “I shine”) + γαμέω (gaméō, “to marry”).
Haidong
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 海東 /海东 (Hǎidōng).
chapalang
From Cantonese 雜崩冷 /杂崩冷 (zaap⁶ bang¹ lang¹). Taking influence from the Hokkien words 食飽人 (tsia̍h-pá-lâng), meaning "people who have eaten their fill".
strapatsada
From Greek στραπατσάδα (strapatsáda), from Venetan strapazzada, from strapazzar (“to treat roughly; to scramble (eggs)”) + -ada (forms verbal nouns). Related to Italian strapazzare.
amorevolous
Borrowed from Italian amorevole + -ous, from Latin amor (“love”).
tassawuf
Borrowed from Arabic تَصَوُّف (taṣawwuf)
katechon
Borrowed from Ancient Greek κατέχον (katékhon, “that which withholds”) or Ancient Greek κατέχων (katékhōn, “the one who withholds”).
Phocian
From Latin Phōcis (itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek Φωκίς (Phōkís)) + -an.
tiatr
Borrowed from Konkani तियात्र (tiyātra), from Portuguese teatro. Doublet of theater.
ptitim
Borrowed from Hebrew פְּתִיתִים (ptitím, literally “flakes”).
thesaurismosis
From Ancient Greek θησαύρισμα (thēsaúrisma, “store”) + -osis. First used in the 1930s in thesaurismosis glycogenica, another name for glycogen storage disease.
muography
From mu (“shortening of muon or mu-meson”) + -o- + -graphy. Alternatively, a blend of muon + radiography.
Ultimately from Ancient Greek μῦ (mû, “Greek letter”) + γράφω (gráphō, “sketch”).
Boge
Borrowed from Norwegian Boge, a topographic or habitational surname from Old Norse bugr (“hook; bay, inlet”).
dayenu
Borrowed from Hebrew דַּיֵּנוּ (“it would have sufficed”): the title of a Passover song.
Isabelline
Borrowed from Spanish isabelino. Equivalent to Isabella + -ine.
brandreth
From Middle English brandreth, from Old English brandrād, from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *brandaraidō.
ponkan
Borrowed from Japanese 椪柑(ポンかん) (ponkan), from Hokkien 椪柑 (phòng-kam).
chu shogi
Borrowed from Japanese 中将棋 (chū shōgi, literally “middle shogi”), so named for being between 小将棋 (shō shōgi, literally “small shogi”) (9×9) and 大将棋 (dai shōgi, literally “large shogi”) (15×15) in size.
featous
From Middle English fetis, from Old French fetis, faitis, from Latin factīcius. Doublet of factitious.
The spelling reflects an assumption that the word was derived from feat (“dexterous, neat”) + -ous.
Yanshan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 鉛山 /铅山 (Yánshān).
From Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 燕山 (Yānshān).
Westerveld
Borrowed from Dutch Westerveld. Doublet of Westfield.
Dongeradeel
Borrowed from Dutch Dongeradeel, from West Frisian Dongeradiel.
Franekeradeel
Borrowed from Dutch Franekeradeel, from West Frisian Frjentsjerteradiel.
Leeuwarderadeel
Borrowed from Dutch Leeuwarderadeel, from West Frisian Ljouwerteradiel.
Opsterland
Borrowed from Dutch Opsterland, from West Frisian Opsterlân.
Smallingerland
Borrowed from Dutch Smallingerland, from West Frisian Smellingerlân.
Dantumadiel
Borrowed from West Frisian Dantumadiel.
De Fryske Marren
Borrowed from West Frisian De Fryske Marren.
Ferwerderadiel
Borrowed from West Frisian Ferwerderadiel.
Tytsjerksteradiel
Borrowed from West Frisian Tytsjerksteradiel.
Middelburg
From Middle English Middelburgh (attested in Chaucer), which was borrowed from Middle Dutch Middelburgh. Compare Middlesbrough, Middleburg and Middlebury.
Notname
Borrowed from German Notname, literally "necessity name" or "contingency name".
Comnenus
Borrowed from Latin Comnenus, from Byzantine Greek Κομνηνός (Komnēnós).
Komnenos
Borrowed from Byzantine Greek Κομνηνός (Komnēnós).
Lionheart
From Middle English calques of Cœur de Lion (“[with the] Heart of a Lion”).
Pelagius
Borrowed from Latin Pelagius, from Ancient Greek Πελάγιος (Pelágios), from πελάγιος (pelágios, “of the sea”), from πέλαγος (pélagos, “sea”).
Ayyubid
Calque of Arabic أَيُّوبِيّ (ʔayyūbiyy), using Ayyub (the name of Saladin's father) + -id.
prosopon
Borrowed from Ancient Greek πρόσωπον (prósōpon, “face, mask, person”). Doublet of partzuf.
Saterlandic
From Saterland + -ic, from German Saterland, from Old Frisian Sageleterlōnd, Sagelterland.
Gallia Lugdunensis
From Latin Gallia Lugdūnēnsis.
corculum
From Latin corculum, diminutive of cor (“heart”). Doublet of corcule.
qalam
Borrowed from Arabic قَلَم (qalam, “pen”), derived from Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed”). Doublet of calamus.
cunca
From Galician cunca (“bowl, ¹⁄₆₀ Galician bushel”), from Old Galician-Portuguese cunca, from Latin concha (“mussel, vessel”), from Ancient Greek κόγχη (kónkhē, “shell, mussel”).
debilism
Compare Polish debilizm and Russian дебилизм (debilizm), ultimately from Latin debilis (“weak; disabled”). By surface analysis, debile + -ism.
Namnetes
Borrowed from Latin Namnētēs, from Ancient Greek Ναμνιτῶν (Namnitôn).
Eustache
Borrowed from French Eustache. This surname is mostly found in Haiti.
planular
From Late Latin plānārius (“relating to a plane”), derived from Latin plānus (“flat”, “level”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat”).
strandflat
From Norwegian strandflate, a compound of strand (“beach”) and flate (“surface; plain; level area”). The E is not present because of comparison to flat (relatively level surface of land).
Etobicoke
From Ojibwe Wadoopikaang (wah-do-be-kang, “where the alders grow”) . From the Mississaugas name of the land between the Etobicoke Creek and the Humber River. First transliterated into English as Ato-be-coake, becoming Tobacock, before becoming Etobicoke.
Huainanzi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 淮南子 (Huáinánzǐ, “Writings of the Masters South of the Huai River”), the usual Chinese name of the work, from its origin among the scholars at the court of Liu An, prince of Huainan.
Xiangyao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 相繇 (Xiāngyáo).
Xiangliu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 相柳 (Xiāngliǔ).
Kanghui
From Mandarin 康回 (Kānghuí).
Gonggong
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 共工 (Gònggōng) (or 龔工／龚工 (Gōnggōng)), the name of the mythological figure.
churchtown
From Middle English cherch toune, church toune, from Old English ċiriċtūn, equivalent to church + town. Piecewise doublet of kirktown.
Kuche
From Mandarin 庫車／库车 (Kùchē).
Meleager
From Ancient Greek Μελέαγρος (Meléagros).
Laurentia
A New Latin formation named after the Saint Lawrence River: Laurentius (“Lawrence”) + -ia (New Latin suffix for creating place names). Or, back-formed from Laurentian (from French laurentien), already in use to describe the Laurentian Mountains and their associated geologic complex (and by extension Canada as a whole).
Kumari Kandam
From Tamil குமரிக்கண்டம் (kumarikkaṇṭam).
Amida
From Latin Amida, from Ancient Greek Ἄμιδα (Ámida), apparently from an Aramaic form with emphatic state ending equivalent to Classical Syriac ܐܡܝܕ (ʾamīḏ).
A borrowing of Japanese 阿弥陀 (Amida), q.v.
Chinchew
Uncertain. Either:
* Borrowed from Spanish Chincheo directly or indirectly via Portuguese Chincheo, ultimately from Hokkien 漳州 (Cheng-chiu, “Chiangchew/Zhangzhou”, IPA: /t͡ɕiɪŋ³³ t͡ɕiu³³/) specifically of the Quanzhou Hokkien dialect pronunciation, according to Van der Loon (1967), Boxer (1953) and the 1902 Encyclopedia from older late 1800s records, due to European sailors initially denoting on maps the Bay of Amoy and surrounding areas as "漳州" with various transcriptions such as "Chiochiu", "Chanchiu", "Chincheo", etc. as per Van der Loon (1967).
* From a supposed previous "Tsuien-chow" romanization, from Mandarin 泉州 (Quánzhōu, IPA: /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/) according to Duncan (1902)
Compare Chiangchew. See also Hokkien 晉江 /晋江 (Chìn-kang), 泉州 (Choân-chiu), 漳州 (Chiang-chiu / Cheng-chiu), 漳江.
Guiscard
Via Medieval Latin Guiscardus, Italian Guiscardo, Old French Guischart (literally “crafty rogue, trickster”), via Old Northern French guische (“ruse”) from Old Norse vizkr (“clever”) + harðr (“hard”); compare suffix -ard in Richard.
Dorylaeum
From Latin Dorylaeum, from Ancient Greek Δορύλαιον (Dorúlaion).
Alexandretta
From Latin Alexandretta and Byzantine Greek Ἀλεξανδρέττα (Alexandrétta), from Alexandria + -etta (“-ette: forming diminutives”), from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexándreia, “Alexandria”), from Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros, “Alexander”) + -ειᾰ (-eiă, “-ia: forming place names”). Equivalent to Alexandria + -etta. Doublet of Alexandria, Iskenderun, Kandahar, and Scandaroon.
Iskenderun
From Turkish İskenderun and Ottoman Turkish إسكندرون (İskenderun), from Arabic الْإِسْكَنْدَرُون (al-ʔIskandarūn), ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexándreia, “Alexandria”), from Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros, “Alexander”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming place names”) in reference to Alexander the Great of Macedonia. Doublet of Alexandria, Alexandretta, Kandahar, and Scandaroon.
raphigraph
From Ancient Greek ῥαφίς (rhaphís, “needle”) + -graph.
Tartus
From Arabic طَرْطُوس (ṭarṭūs), from Ancient Greek Αντιαράδος (Antiarádos).
Edessene
From Latin Edessēnus, from Ancient Greek Ἐδεσσηνός (Edessēnós). By surface analysis, Edessa + -ene.
Redones
Borrowed from Latin Rēdonēs. Doublet of Rennes.
Danishmend
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دانشمند (danişmend), from Classical Persian دَانِشْمَنْد (dānišmand).
Poitevin
Unadapted borrowing from French poitevin, ultimately from Late Latin pictāvīnus, from Pictāvus (“Poitou”), of Gaulish origin. See Poitiers and Poitou.
Amanus
From Latin Amānus, from Ancient Greek Ἄμανος (Ámanos).
Apamea
Borrowed from Latin Ăpămēa, from Ancient Greek Ἀπάμεια (Apámeia).
Baybars
Possibly from the Mamluk-Kipchak descendant of the compound of Proto-Turkic *bāy (“rich, noble”) and *bars (“leopard, large feline”).
Louvain-la-Neuve
Borrowed from French Louvain-la-Neuve.
Hauran
From Arabic حَوْرَان (ḥawrān).
Baalbek
Adapted from North Levantine Arabic بْعَلْبَك (bʕalbak) or the local pronunciation بْعَلْبِك (bʕalbik), from earlier Arabic بَعْلَبَكّ (baʕlabakk).
Attalia
Borrowed from Latin Attalīa, from Ancient Greek Ἀττάλεια (Attáleia). Doublet of Antalya and Adalia.
dry pot
Calque from Chinese 乾鍋／干锅 (gānguō).
to the nines
From Scots, perhaps a rebracketing of to then eyne (“to the eyes”) or to thyn eyne (“(up) to your eyes”).
Mopsuestia
From Latin Mopsuestia, from Ancient Greek Μοψουεστία (Mopsouestía), from Μόψου ἑστία (Mópsou hestía, “the house of Mopsus”).
Hethumid
From Hethum (“the name of the founder”) + -id, from Armenian Հեթում (Hetʻum).
buldak
Borrowed from Korean 불닭 (buldak), from 불 (bul, “fire”) + 닭 (dak, “fowl, chicken”).
Marinas
Borrowed from Galician Mariñas. This surname is mostly found in the Philippines.
Shigatse
From Tibetan གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ (gzhis ka rtse).
Imhotep
From Egyptian jj-m-ḥtp (literally “(the one) coming in peace, (the one) returning home safely”): M18-G17-R4:X1*Q3 from the perfective active participle of jj (“to come, to return”) + m ḥtp (“in peace, safely”).
Abellera
Borrowed from Tagalog Abellera, itself from Catalan abellera (“apiary”).
gelbstoff
Borrowed from German Gelbstoff (literally “yellow substance”) (coined by K. Kalle in a 1966 article: see the quotation), from German gelb (“amber, yellow”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃wós (“yellow”), from *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”) + *-wós (“suffix forming adjectives from verb stems”)) + German Stoff (“matter, stuff, substance”) (from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to close; to fill, stop up”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to hit; to push”)).
Sabang
From Indonesian Sabang.
Borrowed from Cebuano Sabang.
trieteric
From Ancient Greek τριετηρικός (trietērikós) from τρι- (tri-) and ἔτος (étos).
penteteric
From Ancient Greek πεντετηρικός (pentetērikós), from πέντε (pénte) and ἔτος (étos).
incastle
From Mediaeval Latin incastellāre (“to fortify, to incastle”), from in- (“in-: make into”) + castellum (“little fortification, castle”). Cognate with Italian incastellare and Old French encasteler.
trilabe
From tri- + Ancient Greek λαβή (labḗ, “handle”).
repetitorium
Borrowed from German Repetitorium, so called because it serves to repeat or review material rather than introduce new topics.
Utgard
Learned borrowing from Old Norse Útgarðar (“Outer Holds”). Compare to Norwegian Nynorsk utgard (“outer yard, forest space”)
diaconicon
From Greek διακονικό (diakonikó). Compare Ancient Greek διάκονος (diákonos) and English deacon.
Haskalah
Borrowed from Hebrew הַשְׂכָּלָה.
rantistirion
Borrowed from Byzantine Greek ῥαντιστήριον (rhantistḗrion), from ῥαντίζω (rhantízō) (a late form of ῥαίνω (rhaínō, “to sprinkle, purify”), from Proto-Indo-European *weri) + -ῐον (-ĭon, “suffix forming diminutive nouns”).
Trullan
From Byzantine Greek τρούλλος (troúllos, “a dome”), from Latin trulla (“a ladle”), in reference to the domed hall of the palace in Constantinople in which the council was held.
Chapelizod
From Irish Séipéal Iosóid (“Iseult's Chapel”).
maccaroni
From Italian maccaroni. Doublet of macaroni, macaron, and macaroon.
Jiexiu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 介休 (Jièxiū, “Jie's Rest”). Supposedly named by Ji Chong'er, the Wen Duke of Jin, in his remorse for having killed his loyal subject Jie Zhitui and Jie's mother with an intentional forest fire in the region.
maroonage
From maroon + -age, often as a calque of French marronnage.
Hoklo
Borrowed from a southern Chinese lect; compare Cantonese 學佬／学佬 (hok6 lou2), Hakka 學佬／学佬 (Ho̍k-ló), Hokkien 福佬 (Ho̍h-ló). The Hailufeng variety sense is influenced by Hong Kong Cantonese 學佬 /学佬 (hok⁶ lou²).
tolter
From Middle English *tolteren, from Old English tealtrian (“to totter, vacillate”), from Proto-Germanic *taltrōną, *taltōną (“to sway, dangle, hesitate”), from Proto-Indo-European *del-, *dul- (“to shake, hesitate”). Doublet of totter.
hireman
From Middle English hire man, from Old English hȳrmann, equivalent to hire + -man.
sceuophylacium
From Greek σκευοφυλάκιο (skevofylákio), compare Ancient Greek σκευοφύλαξ (skeuophúlax).
stegognathous
From Ancient Greek στέγω (stégō) + γνάθος (gnáthos) + -ous.
Adiv
From Hebrew אָדִיב (“splendid, pleasant, gallant, gracious, kind, considerate”), ultimately from Arabic أديب (“cultured, refined, polite”)
Jekyll
From a Breton name also appearing in various forms in French Judicaël, Gicquel, Jézéquel, etc., ultimately from Old Breton Iudicael, the name of a Breton king revered as a Catholic saint. His name is from Old Breton iudd (“lord, ruler, prince”) + Old Breton cael (“generous, noble”) (whence modern Breton cael (“generous, noble”)).
IEP
Borrowed from Spanish IEP (“Instituto de Estudios Peruanos”).
zongdu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 總督 /总督 (zǒngdū).
maki-e
Borrowed from Japanese 蒔絵 (maki e, literally “sown picture; scatter picture”).
Westernism
From Western + -ism. The Russian ideology is a calque of Russian за́падничество (západničestvo).
Mijares
Borrowed from Spanish Mijares. This surname is mostly found on Venezuelans and Filipinos.
epistocracy
From Ancient Greek ἐπιστήμη (epistḗmē, “knowledge”) + suffix -κρατία (-kratía), from κράτος (krátos, “power, rule”).
war to the knife
Calque of Spanish guerra al cuchillo (“extremely fierce or relentless war”).
croupon
Borrowed from German Croupon, from French croupon, from Middle French crepon, from Old French crepon, from crope (“buttocks”) + -on.
Inherited from Middle English cropoun, from Anglo-Norman cropoun (continental Old French crepon), thus a doublet of Etymology 1.
macapuno
From Philippine Spanish macapuno, from either or both Tagalog makapuno and Cebuano makapuno.
nuzzer
From Hindi [Term?] (literally “vow, votive offering, ceremonial gift”).
bainin
Borrowed from Irish báinín, from bán (“white”) + -ín (diminutive suffix).
anhypostasia
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀνῠποστασία (anŭpostasía), from ἀνῠπόστᾰσῐς (anŭpóstăsĭs, “unsubstantiality”) + -ίᾱ (-íā, suffix forming nouns). ἀνῠπόστᾰσῐς is derived from ἀν- (an-) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *n̥- (“un-”)) + ὑπόστᾰσῐς (hupóstăsĭs, “existence; essence; substance”) (from ῠ̔πο- (hŭpo-, “sub-”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“below, under”)) + στάσις (stásis, “standing”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis (“position, standing”))). By surface analysis, an- + hypostasis + -ia.
tanghulu
From Mandarin 糖葫蘆 /糖葫芦 (tánghúlu).
sangleyes
Borrowed from Spanish sangleyes.
Borrowed from Spanish Sangleyes.
thinken
From Middle English thinken, thenchen, equivalent to think + -en.
Verulamian
From Latin Verulamium (“an ancient British city near the site of St Albans”).
Louis-Quatorze
From Louis XIV. Essentially French Louis - quatorze (“fourteen”).
Dingzhou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 定州 (Dìngzhōu, “Orderly Prefecture”).
Lunu
From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 廬奴 /庐奴 (Lúnú).
Dingxian
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 定縣 /定县 (Dìngxiàn, “Orderly County”).
Regala
Borrowed from Spanish Regala; this surname is predominantly found in the Philippines.
oneseed juniper
Translated from the taxonomic name: translingual Juniperus is from Latin iuniperus (“juniper”) and monosperma is from Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos, “single, alone”) + σπέρμα (spérma, “seed”)
popotillo
Borrowed from Spanish popotillo from popote (“straw”) + -illo (“little”).
gammock
Uncertain. Perhaps from Middle English *gammok, from Old English *gamnoc, *gamenoc (“little game, bit of fun”), equivalent to game + -ock (diminutive suffix). Alternatively, perhaps from Old English *gamnecian, *gamenecian (“to frolic”), from Old English gamen (“sport, amusement”) + -(e)cian (frequentative suffix).
McKechnie
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Eacharna; compare McEachern.
sanjakate
From sanjak (“sanjakbey, the governor of a sanjak”) + -ate, from Ottoman Turkish سنجاق (sancâk, “sanjak, banner”).
Schuko
Short for German Schutzkontakt (safety socket) from Schutz (“protection”), + Kontakt (“contact”)
spodogenous
From Ancient Greek σποδός (spodós, “dust, ashes”) + -genous (here with an unusual meaning "caused by").
synadelphic
From Ancient Greek συνάδελφος (sunádelphos, “member of an association”).
yatga
From Mongolian ятга (jatga) / ᠶᠠᠲᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ (yatug-a).
Zeroah
From Hebrew זְרוֹעַ (z'róa', literally “arm”).
zeroa
From Hebrew זְרוֹעַ (z'róa, “arm”).
regmacarp
From Ancient Greek ῥῆγμα (rhêgma, “something broken or rent asunder; a breach, cleft, fracture”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break”)) + English -carp (suffix meaning ‘part of a fruit or fruiting body’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kerp- (“to harvest; to pluck”)), modelled after schizocarp. The word was probably coined by the Scottish physician and botanist William Ramsay McNab (1844–1889): see the 1871 article from the journal Nature quoted below.
pyinkado
From Burmese ပျဉ်းကတိုး (pyany:ka.tui:).
blood tofu
Calque from Chinese 血豆腐 (xuèdòufu).
tatsama
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit तत्सम (tatsama).
Tatsama was originally employed to refer to those inherited Prakrit words that were identical in form with Sanskrit; later it came to refer to learned loans introduced into the post-Prakritic speech as well. Traditionally, the term was used for both inherited words that were unmodified in form, and learned words. However from a strict linguistic point of view, the term refers only to learned borrowings from Sanskrit.
outscrape
From out- + scrape, or possibly continuing Middle English outscrapen (“to remove, erase”).
Bogue Chitto
Borrowed from Choctaw bok chito (“big river”).
met tet
From Haitian Creole mèt tèt, from French maître (“master”) + tête (“head”).
en-papillote
Borrowed from French en papillote (literally “in paper”), see papillote.
qite
Borrowed from Demotic Egyptian qt, from Egyptian qdt, with the vowels supplied by the word’s descendant, Coptic ⲕⲓⲧⲉ (kite).
Eoan
From either of the following:
* Learned borrowing from Latin ē̆ōus (“of the east; of the dawn”) + -an (suffix forming adjectives). Ē̆ōus is derived from ἠῷος (ēōîos, “of the east; of the morning”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”).
* Eos (“Greek goddess of the dawn”) + -an. Eos is derived from Ancient Greek Ἠώς (Ēṓs, “Greek goddess of the dawn”), from ἠώς (ēṓs, “dawn, daybreak; morning; day; east”): see above.
Cognates
* Italian eoo
* Portuguese eoo
nipter
From Ancient Greek νιπτήρ (niptḗr, “basin”).
Remoboth
From Latin remoboth, a loan from Coptic ⲣⲙⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ (rmnouōt), from ⲣⲱⲙⲉ (rōme) + ⲟⲩⲱⲧ (ouōt).
Lukomorye
From Russian Лукомо́рье (Lukomórʹje, literally “the curve of the sea”).
drant
From Scots drant, draunt (“droning or drawling tone”), borrowed from Scottish Gaelic dranndan, draundan (“hum, buzzing, complaint, growl, snarl”), akin to Irish drantán (“hum, buzzing, growl”).
dieb
From Arabic ذِئْب (ḏiʔb). Doublet of adive.
Jeolla
Borrowed from Korean 전라도(全羅道) (Jeollado). Doublet of Chŏlla.
Gyeongsang
Borrowed from Korean 경상도(慶尙道) (Gyeongsangdo). Doublet of Kyŏngsang.
Reformasi
Unadapted borrowing from Malay reformasi and Indonesian reformasi.
officialhood
From Middle English officialhod, officiallhoode, equivalent to official + -hood.
philopolemical
From philo- + polemical, modelled after Ancient Greek φιλοπόλεμος (philopólemos); see further at philopolemic. By surface analysis, philo- + polem- + -ic + -al.
Zhanjiang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 湛江 (Zhànjiāng).
Sicel
From Latin Siculi, from Ancient Greek Σικελός (Sikelós). See also Sicily.
Greek historians including Thucydides suggested Siculus, a legendary king and son of Italus, as the progenitor of the Sicels.
mesail
Probably from Old French muçaille (“concealment”), via French mézail; only attested in English since the 1800s (also spelled mezail, mursail). Alternatively, a connection to muzzle has also been suggested.
wordful
From Middle English wordefull, from Old English wordfull, equivalent to word + -ful.
spargosis
From Ancient Greek σπάργωσις (spárgōsis), from σπαργάω (spargáō, “to be full to bursting”).
moolinyan
Derived from a Calabrian dialect word for Neapolitan mulignana (“an eggplant”). Doublet of melongene.
chiliocosm
From chilia- + Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos, “world”).
Vidian
Borrowed from New Latin Vidianus. By surface analysis, Vidius + an. Named after Italian surgeon and anatomist Vidus Vidius (1509–1569).