MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Poundbury
Named after "Poundbury Farm", which was the name of the land where the new development was built. Poundbury itself derives from Old English *pund (“enclosure”) + byriġ (“stronghold”). Note that this meaning of pound refers to a place meant for the detention of stray or wandering animals.
regie-book
From German Regiebuch, from Regie (“direction (of theatrical work)”) + Buch (“book”).
Gokuraku
Borrowed from Japanese 極楽 (Gokuraku).
goulash communism
Calque of Hungarian gulyáskommunizmus, likening the mixed dish of goulash to the mixed (less pure and strict) form of communist ideology.
barracks communism
Calque of German Kasernenkommunismus, coined by Karl Marx in reference to the workers' dormitories (not military barracks).
recycle shop
Borrowed from Japanese リサイクルショップ (risaikuru shoppu), from English recycle + shop.
sheftsvo
From Russian шефство (šefstvo, “patronage; sponsorship”).
Lamartinian
Calqued from French lamartinien or from Lamartine + -ian; after Alphonse de Lamartine.
Denby
From Old English Dene (“Dane”) + Old Norse býr (“farmstead”). Compare the doublet Danby.
Medusavirus
From Ancient Greek Μέδουσα (Médousa, “Medusa”) + virus. From Latin virus (“virus”). From being a virus which can turn amoeba into stone-like cysts. From Medusa, the Greek mythological figure which could petrify people with a glance.
From Ancient Greek Μέδουσα (Médousa, “Medusa”) + -virus. From Latin virus (“virus”). From being a virus which can turn amoeba into stone-like cysts. From Medusa, the Greek mythological figure which could petrify people with a glance.
decanate
From Medieval Latin decānātus, from Latin decānus. Equivalent to Latin decānus + -ate (forms nouns denoting rank or office, here the concrete charge of it). Compare dean.
lato sensu
From Latin lātō sēnsū and sēnsū lātō, both meaning the same. Various misspellings exist, such as lato senso, latu sensu, senso lato and sensu latu, which can be attributed to ignorance of the underlying Latin grammar causing analogical leveling of the endings. (The only grammatically correct alternative form is sensu lato, which is also commonly found in English.)
Lelant
From Cornish Lannanta, from lann Anta (“church-site of Anta”), from Proto-Brythonic *llann (“churchyard”). Anta was a Cornish saint, whose name was transcribed by Cornish historian Charles Henderson as British Latin Anta, Ansa.
Lanfear
A Cornish surname, with the first element being from lann (“enclosure (religious)”).
Uffington
From Old English Uffa + -ing (“belonging to”) + tun (“town”). The first element is a variant of Æffa, a king of the Angles (c. 575), attested in names such as Effingham, Abridge, and Ufford, but of uncertain origin.
Buckenham
From the Old English personal name Bucca + hām (“homestead”).
Blagoje
From Serbo-Croatian Blagoje (Благоје).
Blagoyevich
From Serbo-Croatian Blagojević (Благојевић).
Ditton
From Old English dīċ (“ditch, trench, moat”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement”); compare the doublet Deighton.
Borrowed from French dicton (“saying, maxim, proverb, adage”), from Latin dictum. First attested in the late 16th century.
Teviot
From Scottish Gaelic abhainn Tìbhiot, probably from the same ultimate source as the river Thames, which see.
Halsall
From an Old English personal name, from hæle (“warrior, hero”) + healh (“nook of land”).
Balham
From Belgeham (Domesday Book, 1086) and Bælgenham (957), from Old English bealg + hamm.
Bisley
From the Old English personal name *Bisi or *Bisa + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Anniesland
Possible calque of Scottish Gaelic Fearann Anna, by means of Annie + -s- + -land.
fenghuang
Borrowed from Mandarin 鳳凰 /凤凰 (fènghuáng). Doublet of Fung-wong, hoo, and ho-o.
From Mandarin 鳳凰 /凤凰 (Fènghuáng).
Haidao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 海島／海岛 (Hǎidǎo, literally “islands in the sea”).
Xiapu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 霞浦 (Xiápǔ).
Teposcolula
Borrowed from Spanish Teposcolula, from a Nahuan language; cf. Classical Nahuatl Tepozcolōllān (literally “place of metal hooks”).
San Pedro y San Pablo Teposcolula
Borrowed from Spanish San Pedro y San Pablo Teposcolula.
Branston
From the Old English personal name *Brant + -s- + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Rutherglen
From Scottish Gaelic An Ruadh-Ghleann (“the red valley”). Cognate with Scots Ruglen.
anemoia
Coined by American author and neologist John Koenig in 2012, whose project, The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, aims to come up with new words for emotions that currently lack words. From Ancient Greek ἄνεμος (ánemos, “wind”) + -oia, extracted from
loanwords like paranoia where -νοια (-noia) refers to a certain state of mind.
Troutbeck
From trout + beck (“stream”), from Old English truht + Old Norse bekkr.
night of the long knives
Calque of German Nacht der langen Messer, which see for more. In English it tied in with earlier uses of the motif of long knives, as in phrases like the Treachery of the Long Knives (a pseudohistorical massacre of Celts by Anglo-Saxons), used since at least the 1800s.
octogintillion
From Latin octōgintā (“eighty”) + -illion.
quadragintillion
From Latin quadrāgintā (“forty”) + -illion.
Ch'ung-ch'ing
From Mandarin 重慶 (Chóngqìng), Wade–Giles romanization: Chʻung²-chʻing⁴.
Huang-kang
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 黃岡 /黄冈 (Huang²-kang¹).
Hsiao-kan
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 孝感 (Hsiao⁴-kan³).
Sebek
Borrowed from Egyptian sbk.
Borrowed from Czech and Slovak Šebek.
Ballachulish
From Scottish Gaelic Baile a' Chaolais (literally “town of the strait”), from baile (“town”) + caolas (“narrows, strait”), from narrow.
Mulben
From Scottish Gaelic Am Muileann Bàn, from am (the) + muileann (mill) + bàn (white). Literally "the white mill".
Salavey
From Belarusian Салаве́й (Salavjéj), from Belarusian салаве́й (salavjéj, “nightingale”). Doublet of Slavik and Slowik.
Gjoa Haven
From Norwegian Gjøahavn.
From Gjøa+havn (“harbour”).
From Gjøa, a sailing sloop used by Roald Amundsen. From Old Norse Gyða, a contraction of Guðfríðr, from guð (“god”)+fríðr (“beautiful”).
Coined by Roald Amundsen's expedition.
Brabo
Borrowed from Portuguese Brabo, from brabo (“angry, furious”).
Athlone
From Irish Áth Luain (literally “Luan’s ford”).
Yong'an
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永安 (Yǒng'ān).
al pastor
From Spanish al pastor (literally “shepherd style”), because the dish is an adaptation by Mexican and Lebanese immigrant shepherds in Mexico of lamb shawarma.
caja china
Borrowing of (Cuban) Spanish caja china (especially into American English).
Martyropolis
Borrowed from Latin Martyropolis, from Ancient Greek Μαρτυρόπολις (Marturópolis), from μᾰ́ρτῠς (mắrtŭs, “martyr”) + πόλῐς (pólĭs, “city”).
Callinicum
Borrowed from Latin Callinīcum, from Ancient Greek Καλλίνικος (Kallínikos).
Resafa
From Arabic الرِصَافَة (ar-riṣāfa).
que sera sera
An ungrammatical hispanicization of the artificial Italian language phrase "che sara sara", from standard Italian quel che sarà, sarà (“what will be, will be”), coined by American composers Jay Livingston and Ray Evans for use as the title to their 1956 song “Que Sera, Sera” (as such, this phrase represents an artifice based upon an artifice).
Winstanley
From the Old English personal name Wynnstān + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Yengiostang
From Uyghur يېڭىئۆستەڭ (yë'ngi'östeng).
Yingwusitang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 英吾斯塘 (Yīngwúsītáng).
Ardsley
From Old English personal name Ēorēd, genitive singular Ēorēdes + lēah (“clearing”).
Aberaeron
From Welsh aber + Aeron, the mouth of the River Aeron.
bataca
The word "Bataca" was registered as a trademark in 1967. Over time it became a generic trademark. The word is derived from Spanish batacazo.
Llanberis
From Welsh, llan (“parish, church”) + Beris, soft mutation of Peris (“(saint) Peris”).
graffitus
Back-formation from graffiti, as if using the Latin -ī plural, thus, graffiti + -us to create a singular.
Carriacou
Derived from the Kalinago toponym Kayryouacou, which translates to "land of reefs".
Petite Martinique
Derived from French petit (“small”) and the toponym Martinique. The island was named for its resemblance to Martinique. Compare Petit Canouan, Petit Nevis, Petit Saint Vincent, Petite Dominique and Petite Mustique.
Coedkernew
From Welsh Coedcernyw, probably from coed (“wood”) + carn (“cairn, enclosure”), meaning something like "wood of the cairn," "enclosure wood."
Monkwearmouth
From Wermuth Monachorum (1291), from Latin monachorum; see also Wearmouth.
zilant
From Russian Зилант (Zilant), from Tatar yılan/елан (yılan, “snake”).
polonchay
From Hokkien 菠倫菜 /菠伦菜 (po͘-lûn-chhài, “spinach”).
Nan'an
From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 南安 (Nán'ān).
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 南岸 (Nán'àn).
Shijing
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 石井 (Shíjǐng).
Shih-ching
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 石井 (Shih²-ching³).
Beddgelert
From Welsh, from Old Welsh bed (“grave”) + Old Welsh Gelert, a personal name most likely of a saint.
Beigan
Late 20th century, from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 北竿 (Běigān), reinforced by Tongyong Pinyin.
With respect to the township specifically, likely: 2000s, from Mandarin 北竿 (Běigān) Tongyong Pinyin romanization: Běigan, reinforced by Hanyu Pinyin.
spousehood
From Middle English spousehode, spoushod (also as spousehed, etc.), equivalent to spouse + -hood.
drawk
From Middle English drauke.
Possibly from Middle Welsh drewc (“darnel”), in which case related to Gaulish *drāyāka or Latin dravoca. Compare also Dutch dravik.
From Middle Scots drawken, perhaps akin to Old Norse drukna.
Alnwick
From the name of the river Aln + Old English wīċ (“dairy farm”).
Proletkult
From Russian Пролетку́льт (Proletkúlʹt).
Malenko
From Ukrainian Маленко (Malenko), Russian Маленко (Malenko) or Маленко́ (Malenkó), or Macedonian Маленко (Malenko).
Yengisar
From Uyghur يېڭىسار (yë'ngisar).
Yengiyer
From Uyghur يېڭىيەر (yë'ngiyer).
Egus
From Uyghur ئەگۈس (egüs).
Haddiscoe
From Old Norse Haddr (“a personal name”) + skógr (“wood”).
Staveley
From Old English stæf (“stave”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”). Equivalent to stave + -ley (“lea”).
Lieyu
From pinyin romanization of Mandarin 烈嶼 (Lièyǔ).
Aberdovey
From Welsh Aberdyfi, from aber (“river mouth”) + Dyfi (“River Dovey”).
ktetory
From ktetor, ultimately from Ancient Greek κτήτωρ (ktḗtōr).
Rothbury
From Middle English Rothebyr, probably from Old Norse rauðr (“red”) + Old English byriġ, dative singular of burh (“fort”), since the bedrock in the area is red. However, the first element could alternatively come from Old English personal name *Hroþa, thus 'Hrotha's fort'.
Colwick
Probably from Old English col (“coal”) + wīc (“abode, dwelling place, village”).
Longhai
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 龍海 /龙海 (Lónghǎi).
Gangwei
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 港尾 (Gǎngwěi).
Kang-wei
From the Wade-Giles romanization of Mandarin 港尾 (Kang³-wei³).
Chiang-wei
From the Wade-Giles romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 港尾 (Chiang³-wei³).
Takhtajyan
From Armenian Թախտաջյան (Tʻaxtaǰyan).
Anuket
From Egyptian a:n-q:t-B1 (ꜥnqt).
Hildenborough
From Middle English Hildenborough, from Middle English Hyldenn (from Old English hyll (“hill”) + denn (“pasture”)) + borough (“borough, manor”).
Headcorn
Possibly from the Old English personal name *Hydeca + hruna (“tree-trunk, fallen tree, log”).
Pacoima
Borrowed from Gabrielino-Fernandeño pakoinga (“entrance”).
Knockholt
From Old English āc (“oak”) + holt (“copse”), equivalent to oak + holt.
Ghazni
From Pashto and Persian غزنی (Ġazni). Compare Old Median *ganǰam (“treasure”).
Staplehurst
From Old English stapol (“post, pillar”) + hyrst (“wooded hillock”).
Yopurga
From Uyghur يوپۇرغا (yopurgha).
treiskaidekaphobia
From Ancient Greek τρεισκαίδεκα (treiskaídeka, “thirteen”) + -phobia.
Heathfield
From Old English hǣþ (“heath”) + feld (“field”), equivalent to heath + field. Doublet of Hothfield.
Biddenden
From the Old English personal name *Bida + -ing (“belonging to”) + denn (“woodland pasture for swine”).
Goudhurst
From an unclear Old English personal name + hyrst (“wooded hill”).
vagitate
Attested earliest as a ghost word in the 1928 volume of the New English Dictionary On Historical Principles (NED). Some later uses may have been based (directly or indirectly) on this entry.
The editors of the NED interpreted it as a borrowing from Latin vagitō, vagitāre, an obscure medieval verb Others read here "per Hispaniam e palatio vagitant". built on the root of Classical Latin vagor, vagārī (“to ramble, stroll about”), from vagus (“wandering”).
Borrowed from Latin vāgiō, vāgīre (“to wail, to squall (as an infant), to cry out”) via a frequentative form vāgītō, vāgītāre, attested in medieval Latin as a verb meaning "to wail, to cry out in distress (of an infant); to cry out (of a hare)". Compare French vagir, English vagitus (“the crying of a newborn baby”), vagient (“crying like a child”).
Dybal
From a Slavic language, e.g. Polish Dybał, from dybać, from Proto-Slavic *dybati, of uncertain origin.
Scholes
Ultimately from Old Norse skáli (“hut, shed”). Doublet of Scales.
tutovka
From Russian туто́вка (tutóvka), from ту́та (túta, “mulberry”).
McNaught
From Scottish Gaelic Mac Neachdan.
The comet was named after its discoverer, astronomer Robert H. McNaught, who discovered it in 2006.
ailurine
From New Latin Ailurinae (“taxonomic subfamily”), as Ailurus + -ine.
Yuepuhu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 岳普湖 (Yuèpǔhú).
zealousy
From Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos, “zeal, jealousy”), from ζηλόω (zēlóō, “to emulate, to be jealous”), equivalent to zealous + -y.
New Rochelle
From new + Rochelle.
From La Rochelle, from French La Rochelle, from Old French rochelle.
Sughd
From Tajik Суғд (Suġd); see it for more. Related to Sogdiana and Sogdia.
Hayling Island
From tribal name Old English *Hælingas from *Hægel (personal name) + -ling (“lineage of”).
changshan
From Mandarin 長衫／长衫 (chángshān).
Norbury
From Old English norþ (“north”) + byriġ, the dative case of burh (“fortified place”). Doublet of Northborough.
Lien-chiang
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 連江 /连江 (Lien²-chiang¹).
Meltham
From Middle English Meltham, perhaps from Old English *melt (“smelting”) or mealt (“malt”) + Old English hām (“-ham”).
Mildenhall
From either an Old English personal name *Milda or middel (“middle”) + healh (“nook, corner, angle”).
moderlieschen
From German Moderlieschen, from or corresponding to Mutterlöschen, Mutterloseken, literally "motherless one(s)", because the eggs can withstand long exposure to air, stick to ducks and other birds, and be carried to ephemeral ponds, where they may hatch without adults present, leading to folk beliefs that the fish were motherless.
bombase
From Old French bombace (“cotton, cotton wadding”), from Late Latin bombax (“cotton”), a variant of bombyx (“silkworm”), from Ancient Greek βόμβυξ (bómbux, “silkworm”), possibly related to Middle Persian pmbk' (“cotton”), from a Proto-Indo-European.
Luba
From Slavic
* (English-language female given name found in Canada): From Ukrainian Люба (Ljuba)
Dark Learning
Calque from Chinese 玄學／玄学 (xuánxué).
Xuanxue
From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 玄學／玄学 (xuánxué).
Yayan
From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 雅言 (Yǎyán), literally, "elegant speech".
Fooching
From the Postal Romanization of Mandarin 福清 (Fúqīng).
Huangqu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 黃渠 /黄渠 (Huángqú).
Zhuanqukou
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 轉渠口 /转渠口.
T'ai-lu
From Mandarin 苔菉 (Táilù), Wade–Giles romanization: Tʻai²-lu⁴.
Tailu
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 苔菉 (Táilù).
secotioid
From translingual Secotium (“enclosed fruiting body”) + -oid, from 1840 by German zoologyist, entomologist, and botanist Gustav Kunze from Ancient Greek σηκός (sēkós, “enclosure”).
rajgira
Borrowed from Hindi राजगिरा (rājgirā) and Marathi राजगिरा (rājgirā) of the same meaning.
Lienkiang
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 連江／连江 (Liánjiāng).
From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 廉江 (Liánjiāng).
Yemishi
From Japanese 蝦夷 (Emishi).
The initial y- (also found in Yedo, Yezo, etc.) resulted from the merging between え (e) and 𛀁 (ye) into the latter in the 10th century CE.
Teaneck
From Dutch Tiene Neck. From Middle Dutch necke (“neck”) + Munsee terms, possibly meaning "the woods" or "the willows".
Lienkong
From the Postal Romanization of Eastern Min 連江／连江 (Lièng-gŏng).
Ma-tsu
From the Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 馬祖 (Ma³-tsu³).
From the Wade-Giles romanization of Mandarin 媽祖 /妈祖 (Māzǔ).
Yezo
From Japanese 蝦夷 (Ezo).
The initial y- (also found in Yedo, Yemishi, etc.) resulted from the merging between え (e) and 𛀁 (ye) into the latter in the 10th century CE.
Darlaston
From Middle English Derleston, Dorleston; from Old English Dēorlāf + tūn. Doublet of Dalston.
Kamianets-Podilskyi
From Ukrainian Кам'янець-Подільський (Kamʺjanecʹ-Podilʹsʹkyj).
Horley
From Old English horn + lēah (“meadow”); "clearing in a horn-shaped piece of land".
Singaporize
From Singapore + -ize. The former is from Malay Singapura, from Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhá-pura), from सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) + पुर (pura, “city”).
Cidu
From the Tongyong Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 七堵 (Cidǔ).
Huangqi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 黃岐／黄岐 (Huángqí).
Quarmby
From Old Norse kvern (“millstone; quern, handmill”) + býr (“farmstead”).
de Stafford
From Middle English de Stafford, from Anglo-Norman de Stafford, from Middle English Stafford.
Penshaw
Historically Pencher. From Cumbric *penn (“head, top, summit”) + Cumbric *cerr, plural of Cumbric *carr (“rocks”).
Haifeng
From Mandarin 海豐／海丰 (Hǎifēng).
Davao de Oro
From Spanish Davao de Oro, from Davao + de (“of”) + oro (“gold”).
pteruge
Derived from Ancient Greek πτέρυξ (ptérux, “feather”).
Makati
From Spanish Macati as in its old name San Pedro de Macati, ultimately from Tagalog Makati.
Muntinlupa
From Spanish Muntinlupa, from Tagalog Muntinglupa, from munti + -ng- + lupa.
Navotas
From Spanish Navotas, from Tagalog nabutas, from na- + butas.
Taguig
From Spanish Taguig, from Tagalog Tagiig, supposedly from tagagiik (“rice thresher”).
Pateros
Borrowed from Spanish Pateros, from pateros, the plural of patero (“duck hunter”), from pato (“duck”) + -ero.
Metaxism
Borrowed from Greek μεταξισμός (metaxismós).
chitoniskos
From Ancient Greek χιτωνίσκος (khitōnískos), from χιτών (khitṓn).
Pancras
Inherited from Middle English Pancrace, borrowed from Latin Pancratius, from Ancient Greek Παγκράτιος (Pankrátios), a name derived from παγκρατής (pankratḗs, “all-powerful, almighty”).
Ch'ang-sha
From Mandarin 長沙 (Chángshā), Wade–Giles romanization: Chʻang²-sha¹.
Huang-ch'i
From Mandarin 黃岐 /黄岐 (Huángqí), Wade-Giles romanization: Huang²-chʻi².
From Mandarin 黃芪 /黄芪 (huángqí), Wade–Giles romanization: Huang²-chʻi².
Cobh
From Irish an Cóbh, itself a Gaelicisation of English cove. Part of a wave of renamings in the 1920s following the Irish Revolution.
Athy
From Irish Baile Átha Í, "(town of the) ford of Ae," from áth (“ford”) + Ae, the latter being a Celtic chieftain who is said to have been killed on the river crossing in battle. However, Í could instead mean "yew tree," from iúr.
Navan
From Irish An Uaimh or its alternative form An Uamhain.
Ma Tsu
From the Wade-Giles romanization of Mandarin 媽祖／妈祖 (Māzǔ).
Payzawat
From Uyghur پەيزاۋات (peyzawat).
apioglucoside
From apiose + glucoside. The combining form of apiose comes from Latin apiō, a declensive form of Latin apium (“parsley, celery”).
Issaverdens
From Armenian Իսավերտենց (Isavertencʻ), a variant of Իսավերդյան (Isaverdyan).
Kargilik
From Uyghur قاغىلىق (qaghiliq).
Brumby
From Old Norse brunnr (“water well”)+býr (“farmstead, village”).
Cappe
* Clipping of Capitofsky; Anglicization of Capitofsky.
* French Cappé
* Middle English Cappe
Vanna
From Slavic Vanna, from Ivana (Ѝвана) and Ivanna (Ива́нна), ultimately from Koine Greek Ἰωάννα (Iōánna), from Hebrew יוֹחָנָה (Yôḥānāh, literally “God is gracious”), the feminized form of יְהוֹחָנָן (Yəhōḥānān) which produced John and its many doublets.
Doublet of Ivanka, Jan, Janelle, Janet, Janey, Janine, Jeanette, Jeanie, Jeannette, Jeannine, Jen, Jenna, Jenny, Jessie, Jo, Jody, Juanita, Shanae, and Sinead.
From Italian Vanna.
Dinsdale
From the Old English personal name *Dyttīn + -s- + healh (“corner, nook, recess”).
Massalia
Borrowed from Ancient Greek Μασσαλία (Massalía).
Battye
From Batte, a Middle English pet-form of Bartholomew.
compurgatrix
From Latin compurgatrix, equivalent to compurgator (“someone who vouches for another person's innocence”) + -trix (female agent noun-forming suffix).
Malpas
From Old French mal (“bad”) + pas (“passage”), because of the difficulty of the terrain.
Penwortham
Probably from Cumbric *penn (“head, top, summit”) + Old English worþham (“(high status) land holding”). Or else, the full name may be equivalent to Welsh pen (“head, top summitt”) + y (“(of) the”) + werddon (“green”)
Deeley
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Duibhghiolla (“descendant of Duibhghiolla”), a personal name composed of the elements dubh (“black”) + giolla (“lad”).
Tobermory
From Scottish Gaelic Tobar Mhoire (literally “Mary's well”).
Swaffham
From Middle English Swafham, from Old English Suāfhām/Swǣfhām, a combination of Swǣfe (“Swabian person”) and hām (“home”).
Tokat
Borrowed from Turkish Tokat, from Ottoman Turkish توقاد (Tokad).
Otley
From the unattested Old English personal name *Otta + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Kisly
From Russian Ки́слый (Kíslyj) or Belarusian Кі́слы (Kísly), respectively from Russian ки́слый (kíslyj) and Belarusian кі́слы (kísly), both meaning "sour, acidic".
Rhosllanerchrugog
From Welsh rhos (“moor”) + llannerch (“clearing”) + grugog (“heathery”).
reencrypt
From re- + encrypt, from en- + -crypt, from Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós, literally “hidden, concealed, private, secret”).
Chin-men
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 金門 (Chin¹-mên²).
Livermere
From Old English lifer (“liver; probably used of thick, clotted water”) or lēfer (“rush, reed, yellow iris, levers”) and mere (“pond, pool, lake”).
Allam
Borrowed from Arabic عَلَّام (ʕallām). This surname is mostly found in Egypt.
Han-yang
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 漢陽 (Han⁴-yang²).
Wu-ch'ang
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 武昌 (Wu³-chʻang¹).
Han-k'ou
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 漢口 (Han⁴-kʻou³).
Tenby
From Welsh din ("fort") + bych, variant form of bychan (“small”). Doublet of Denbigh.
Shao-hsing
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 紹興 (Shao⁴-hsing¹).
Fu-chou
From the Wade–Giles romanization of the Mandarin 福州 (Fu²-chou¹).
alectorian
From Ancient Greek ἀλέκτωρ (aléktōr, “cock”).
Wabana
Possibly from a form of Mi'kmaq wôbi (“white, light”), referring to dawn.
Ardley
From the Old English personal name Eardwulf, which is composed of the elements eard (“homeland; earth”) and wulf (“wolf”), + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Dorotheus
Borrowed from Latin Dorotheus, from Ancient Greek Δωρόθεος (Dōrótheos), from δῶρον (dôron, “gift”) + θεός (theós, “God”).
Coupar Angus
From Pictish *cuper (“confluence”) + Angus, added to distinguish the place from Cupar, which has the same origin.
Cihtong
From the Tongyong Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 莿桐 (Cìhtóng).
Juxtlahuaca
Borrowed from Spanish Juxtlahuaca, from a Nahuan language (equivalent to Classical Nahuatl xiuh- (“year”) + ixtlāhuacan (“plain”)), calqued from a Mixtec language (equivalent to Proto-Mixtec *yosoʔ (“plain”) + *kʷìyà (“year”)).
Rona
From Hungarian Róna.
Possibly from Old Norse [Term?] (“rough island”). Doublet of Ronay.
Borrowed from Russian РОНА (RONA), short for Русская освободительная народная армия (Russkaja osvoboditelʹnaja narodnaja armija)
Pingtan
From the Mandarin 平潭 (Píngtán).
Monk Fryston
Recorded as Fristun c.1030, from Old English Frīsa + tūn (farmstead of the Frisians), and as Munechesfryston in 1166, from Old English munuc (“monk”), for possession by Selby Abbey.
Archaeopolis
Likely from Ancient Greek ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos) meaning "beginning, ancient, primeval" and Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis) meaning "city".