MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
rond de jambe
Borrowed from French rond de jambe (literally “circle of the leg”).
Rufforth
From Old English rūh (“rough”) + ford (“ford”); compare the doublet Rufford.
Fermanian
From Armenian Ֆերմանյան (Fermanyan).
Bekmezian
From Armenian Բեքմեզյան (Bekʻmezyan).
Vellalar
From Tamil வேளாளர் (vēḷāḷar). Vellalar denotes landlords and the ruling classes. வேள் (vēḷ, “land, velir class, petty chiefs, and rulers”) + ஆளர் (āḷar, “lord, authority, the one belonging to”).
Wernette
Altered form of German Wernet, through French Wernette.
Schultheiss
Borrowed from German Schultheiß (“mayor”), an occupational surname. Compare the variant Schultheis.
Theard
Borrowed from French Theard; this surname is also well-attested in Haiti.
Wyton
From Old English wīċ (“village”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Soppitt
Habitational surname from a minor place near Otterburn, Northumberland, which was recorded as Sokpeth in the past. This placename may derive from Old English soc (“suck, sucking”), probably meaning "moisture collecting in the soil" or "drainage of a dunghill", + pæþ (“path, track”).
Smarden
From Old English smeoru (“fat, lard”), perhaps alluding to a rich pasture, + denu (“valley”).
Gooderham
From the Old Norse personal name Guðormr, which is composed by the elements guð (“god”) and ormr (“snake”). This patronymic surname has been altered by folk etymology as if it were a habitational surname.
Verey
From Middle English verrei, verie (“true, reliable”), from Old French verai (“real, genuine”), a nickname for a trustworthy person.
Pingsi
From the Tongyong Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 平溪 (Píngxī), Tongyong Pinyin romanization: Píngsi.
BeVo
From German BeVo, from Beteiligung (“partnership”)+Vorsteher (“surname”). From the company that popularized the weave, Beteiligung Vorsteher.
anaphonesis
Borrowed from Italian anafonesi (“anaphonesis”), from ana- (“up”) + Ancient Greek φώνησις (phṓnēsis, “sound”).
Hambardzumyan
Borrowed from Armenian Համբարձումյան (Hambarjumyan).
Sibaja
Borrowed from Spanish Sibaja; this surname is predominantly found in Costa Rica.
Pesantes
Borrowed from Spanish Pesantes; this surname is predominantly found in Ecuador and Peru.
Pinela
Borrowed from Portuguese Pinela; this surname is predominantly found in Ecuador and Puerto Rico.
Ranjan
Ultimately from the Sanskrit personal name रञ्जन (rañjana, “pleasing, charming, rejoicing”).
Rawe
Two possible origins:
* From Middle English rawe (“row”), a topographic surname for someone who lived by a hedgerow or in a row of houses.
* From Middle English rawe (“raw”), a nickname for an ignorant or unskilled youth.
Soltys
Borrowed from Czech and Slovak Šoltys /Šoltýs or Polish Sołtys.
Ukrainian People's Republic
Calque of Ukrainian Украї́нська Наро́дна Респу́блика (Ukrajínsʹka Naródna Respúblyka).
aspergillo-
From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting a New Latin combining form, from aspergillus, from Aspergillus.
lotus-eater
Calque of Ancient Greek Λωτοφάγος (Lōtophágos), described in the epic poem the Odyssey, Book IX.
Kerestedjian
From Armenian Քերեսթեճյան (Kʻerestʻečyan).
Horishni Plavni
From Ukrainian Горі́шні Пла́вні (Horíšni Plávni).
Schnellbomber
Unadapted borrowing from German Schnellbomber, from schnell (“fast”) + Bomber (“bomber”).
Hammaker
Americanized spelling of Dutch Haemmaker, or altered spelling of German Hammacher.
Belarusian People's Republic
Calque of Belarusian Белару́ская Наро́дная Рэспу́бліка (Bjelarúskaja Naródnaja Respúblika).
Javid
Borrowed from Iranian Persian جاوید (jâvid), from Classical Persian جاوید (jāwēd). Doublet of Javed.
Gharib
Borrowed from Arabic غَرِيب (ḡarīb, “stranger, foreigner”).
Inkpen
From an unrecorded Old English element *ing (“hill, peak”), which has been postulated to explain a number of placenames such as Ingon or Ingham, + penn (“enclosure; fold”). The second element may alternatively be Proto-Brythonic *penn (“head; top, height”), but that's less likely.
Ransley
Habitational surname from a lost manor in Penshurst, Kent, which is recorded as Reneslegh in 1292, Ranshlegh in 1435 and Raneleights Heath in 1800. This placename derives from an uncertain first element + Old English lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Tunbridge
Habitational surname from any of various places called Tunbridge or Tonbridge, from Old English tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”) + bryċġ (“bridge”).
Bletchingley
From the Old English personal name Blæcca + -ing (“belonging to”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”).
Frittenden
From an unclear Old English personal name + -ing (“belonging to”) + denn (“woodland pasture for swine”).
Wychwood
Inherited from Middle English Whycchewode, Whucchewode, Whecchewode, from Old English Huiċċewudu, from Hwiċċe (an Anglo-Saxon tribe) + wudu (“forest”).
Karamanyan
Borrowed from Armenian Քարամանյան (Kʻaramanyan).
Mickleton
# For the place in County Durham: from Old English miċel (“large”) + tūn (“farm, village”).
# For the place in Gloucestershire: from Old English miċel (“great”), dative singular definite form miclan + tūn (“manor”).
haseki
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish خاصكی (hasseki, haseki), from Classical Persian خاصگی (xāssagī, xāsagī).
Thamirabarani
Borrowed from Tamil தாமிரபரணி (tāmiraparaṇi), itself borrowed from Sanskrit ताम्रपर्णी (tāmraparṇī, literally “copper-leaved”), from ताम्र (tāmra, “copper”) + पर्ण (parṇa, “leaf”) + -ई (-ī).
Chismar
Americanized form of Czech and Slovak Čižmář, or Carpathian Rusyn and Serbo-Croatian Čižmar, all occupational surnames for a shoemaker, from the noun čižma (“boot”).
Filatiev
Borrowed from Russian Филатьев (Filatʹjev).
Filatyev
Borrowed from Russian Филатьев (Filatʹjev).
Errett
From the Old English personal name Ēadrǣd, which is composed of the elements ēad (“prosperity”) and rǣd (“advice, wisdom”).
Nechepurenko
Borrowed from Ukrainian Нечепуре́нко (Nečepurénko).
preputium
From Latin praepūtium (“prepuce, foreskin”), from prae- (“fore-”) + Old Latin pūtos (“penis”).
quisutsch
From Russian ки́жуч (kížuč, “coho”).
dighi
Borrowed from Bengali দিঘি (dighi, “large and deep pond or tank”).
Aghjayan
Borrowed from Armenian Աղջայան (Aġǰayan).
Cedotal
Altered form of French Chedotal, variant of Chedotel.
Bucknor
Americanized form of German Buchner, or a variant of the Scottish surname Buckner.
Buley
Two possible origins:
* A variant of the English surnames Beaulieu or Bulley.
* An Americanized form of Czech, Polish and Slovak Bulej.
Goodstein
Partial translation of German Gutstein, a Jewish Ashkenazi surname.
Fredlund
Borrowed from Swedish Fredlund, an ornamental surname composed of the elements fred (“peace”) and lund (“grove”).
Tsedenbalism
Borrowed from Mongolian цэдэнбализм (cedenbalizm). By surface analysis, Tsedenbal + -ism.
Inskip
From Proto-Brythonic *ɨnɨs (“island”) + Old English cȳpe (“osier-basket, especially for catching fish”).
Linstead
Habitational surname from the villages of Linstead Magna and Linstead Parva, in Suffolk, from Old English līn (“flax”) or hlin (“maple tree”) + stede (“place”).
yetzer hara
From Hebrew יֵצֶר הַרַע.
besail
From be- (“at, toward”) + sail (“to attack, assail”), from Middle English sailen (“to attack”), short for assailen (“to assail”).
Ch'iung-hai
From Mandarin 瓊海 /琼海 (Qiónghǎi) Wade–Giles romanization: Chʻiung²-hai³.
Lukose
Borrowed from Malayalam ലൂക്കോസ് (lūkkōsŭ).
Reagor
Probably an Americanized form of German Rieger or Reger.
Vigrass
From Anglo-Norman vigrus, itself from Old French vigorous (“hardy, strong”), a nickname for a strong and powerful man.
Henstridge
From Old English henġest (“stallion”) + hryċġ (“ridge”).
La-sa
From the Wade–Giles romanization of Mandarin 拉薩 /拉萨 (Lāsà).
sailyarn
From Middle English *sayl-yarn, *seyl-ȝarn, equivalent to sail + yarn. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Sailjäiden, West Frisian seiljern, Dutch zeilgaren, German Low German Seilgaarn, German Segelgarn, Danish sejlgarn, Swedish segelgarn, Icelandic seglgarn.
Erdan
From the Mandarin 二擔.
From the Mandarin 二膽 (Èrdǎn).
suffigation
From the present stem of Latin suffīgō (“to fasten onto”) + -ation. The formation on the Latin present stem is unusual; perhaps originally an innovation in German.
Hwamyeong
From Korean 화명(華明) (Hwamyeong).
Haydostian
From Armenian Հայդոստյան (Haydostyan).
Injijian
From Armenian Ինճիճյան (Inčičyan).
Hui'an
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 惠安 (Huì'ān).
Zhangpu
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 漳浦 (Zhāngpǔ).
Dongshan
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東山 /东山 (Dōngshān).
Pickler
Borrowed from German Pickler, or an altered form of South German Pichler.
Stave
Various origins:
* Borrowed from North German Stave, an occupational surname for a judge or church official, from Middle Low German Staf (“staff”).
* Borrowed from Norwegian Stave, a habitational surname from five farmsteads in the country.
* Americanized form of Polish Staw, a Jewish Ashkenazi surname.
Stanwix
From Old English stān (“stone”) + Old Norse veggr (“wall”).
Tresidder
Habitational surname from a minor place in Constantine, Cornwall, from Cornish tre (“estate, farm”) (compare Proto-Brythonic *treβ (“settlement, town”)) + an unrecorded Cornish personal name *Seder or *Sider.
Montmartrois
Borrowed from French montmartrois. By surface analysis, Montmartre + French -ois.
diezeugmenon
From Ancient Greek διεζευγμένων (diezeugménōn, “of the transposed (notes)”), aorist passive participle of διαζεύγνυμι (diazeúgnumi), from ζεύγνυμι (zeúgnumi).
Avrechy
Borrowed from French Avrechy, from Middle French Avrechy, attested in many varying forms throughout Middle French, Old French, and into Latin. The first attested form of this toponym is as Latin Habriciacus in the year 766 A.D. See Avrechy#Toponymie on the French Wikipedia for a more extensive list of attested forms.
so-iuy mullet
From so-iuy + mullet, Derived from translingual Mugil so-iuy, Derived from Mandarin 梭魚 /梭鱼 (suōyú).
petty knife
From petty + knife, Derived from Japanese ペティナイフ, a compound of ペティ (unknown, perhaps from French petit) + ナイフ (from English knife).
Varderesyan
Borrowed from Armenian Վարդերեսյան (Varderesyan).
Serdiuk
Derived from Russian and Ukrainian сердю́к (serdjúk).
Chingtunghsia
From Mandarin 青銅峽／青铜峡 (Qīngtóngxiá) Wade–Giles romanization: Chʻing¹-tʻung²-hsia².
Scobie
Scottish habitational surname from a lost settlement in Perthshire named with Scottish Gaelic sgolbach (“thorny place”).
Whitter
English occupational surname for a whitewasher, caulker or bleacher, from Middle English whitere, an agent derivative of Old English hwītian (“to whiten”).
Van Ryn
Borrowed from Dutch van Ryn, an archaic variant of van Rijn.
Erymna
From Ancient Greek Ἐρυμνή (Erumnḗ).
Republic of Nauru
Calque of Nauruan Ripubrikin Naoero.
Dingilian
Borrowed from Armenian Դինգիլյան (Dingilyan).
Renjilian
Borrowed from Armenian Ռենջիլյան (Ṙenǰilyan).
Merrington
Recorded as Muridon in the XIII century, the village in Shropshire is named with Old English myrġe (“merry, pleasant”) + dūn (“hill”). The surname could also derive from Kirk Merrington, in County Durham.
Coahuila y Tejas
Borrowed from Spanish Coahuila y Tejas (“Coahuila and Texas”).
suchomimus
Borrowed from translingual Suchomimus, from sucho- + Latin mīmus (“mimic”).
special military operation
Calque of Russian специа́льная вое́нная опера́ция (speciálʹnaja vojénnaja operácija), a phrase used by Vladimir Putin upon launching an attack on Ukraine on 24 February 2022:
In this regard, in accordance with Article 51 of Part 7 of the UN Charter, with the approval of the Federation Council of Russia and in pursuance of the treaties of friendship and mutual assistance ratified by the Duma on 22 February with the Donetsk People’s Republic and the Luhansk People’s Republic, I decided to launch a special military operation.
Shaanbei
From a modified form of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 陝北 /陕北 (Shǎnběi) following the pattern of Shaanxi.
Ningshaan
From a modified form of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 寧陝／宁陕 following the pattern of Shaanxi.
Hathifushi
Borrowed from Dhivehi ހަތިފުށި (hatifuṣi).
Rhenish fan
Calque of German Rheinischer Fächer. So called because all or most of the isoglosses collapse in Hesse and fan out to the west.
Telfeyan
Borrowed from Armenian Թելֆեյան (Tʻelfeyan).
Rhule
Probably an altered spelling of German Rühl or Rühle.
McGruder
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Grudaire (“son of the brewer”), from grudaire (“brewer”).
Stryjewka
From Belarusian Стрыеўка (Stryjewka).
Curete
Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κουρῆτες (Kourêtes).
North Western Province
From north + western + province, either a calque of Tamil வட மேல் மாகாணம் (vaṭa mēl mākāṇam, “Northwest Province”) or a calque of Sinhalese වයඹ පළාත (wayaᵐba paḷāta).
Central Province
Either:
* A calque of Sinhalese මධ්යම පළාත (madhyama paḷāta).
* A calque of Tamil மத்திய மாகாணம் (mattiya mākāṇam).
Calque of Swahili Mkoa wa Kati.
Eastern Province
A calque of either Sinhalese නැගෙනහිර පළාත (nægenahira paḷāta) or Tamil கிழக்கு மாகாணம் (kiḻakku mākāṇam).
Calque of Arabic الْمِنْطَقَة الشَرْقِيَّة (al-minṭaqa(t) aš-šarqiyya).
Calque of Swahili Mkoa wa Mashariki.
Uva Province
Either:
* A calque of Tamil ஊவா மாகாணம் (ūvā mākāṇam).
* A calque of Sinhalese ඌව පළාත (ūwa paḷāta).
Sabaragamuwa Province
Calque of Sinhalese සබරගමුව පළාත (sabaragamuwa paḷāta).
Northern Province
In Sri Lanka either:
* A calque of Tamil வட மாகாணம் (vaṭa mākāṇam).
* A calque of Sinhalese උතුරු පළාත (uturu paḷāta).
North Central Province
Either:
* A calque of Sinhalese උතුරු මැද පළාත (uturu mæda paḷāta).
* A calque of Tamil வட மத்திய மாகாணம் (vaṭa mattiya mākāṇam).
Frangulyan
Borrowed from Armenian Ֆրանգուլյան (Frangulyan).
holenmerism
From Ancient Greek ὅλος (hólos, “whole”) + Ancient Greek ἐν (en, “in”) + Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “part”) + -ism.
McPhedran
Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Pheadarain (“son of Pheadaran”), a pet form of Peadar (“Peter”).
Treweek
Habitational surname from a minor place in Stithians, Cornwall, from Cornish tre (“estate; farmstead”) + gwig (“village; forest settlement”).
Chegwin
From Cornish chi (“house”) + gwynn (“white”), a topographic or habitational surname.
Nankang
From Mandarin 南康 (Nánkāng).
From Mandarin 南港 (Nángǎng) Wade–Giles romanization: Nan²-kang³.
Chinshan
Borrowed from Mandarin 金山 (Jīnshān) Wade–Giles romanization: Chin¹-shan¹.
Shawforth
From Old English sċeaga (“wood or grove”) + ford (“ford”).
Calderbrook
From Old English Calder (“River Calder”) + broc (“brook”).
Spotland
From Old English Spodden (“River Spodden”) + land (“land”).
Chiahsien
From Mandarin 甲仙 (Jiǎxiān), Wade–Giles romanization: Chia³-hsien¹.
unlittle
From Middle English unlitel, unnlitell, from Old English unlȳtel, unlytel (“not little, large, great”), from Proto-West Germanic *unlutil (“not little”), equivalent to un- + little. Cognate with Old High German unluzzil (“excessive, inordinate”), Old Norse úlítill (“not little”).
Mikhailov
Borrowed from Russian and Ukrainian Михайлов (Myxajlov).
Jaruda
Borrowed from Japanese 春田 (Haruda), possibly through Spanish.
Mirzakhanyan
Borrowed from Armenian Միրզախանյան (Mirzaxanyan).
Bila Tserkva
From Ukrainian Бі́ла Це́рква (Bíla Cérkva, “White Church”).
Dniprodzerzhynsk
From Ukrainian Дніпродзержи́нськ (Dniprodzeržýnsʹk), from Дніпро́ (Dnipró, “Dnipro River”) + Дзержи́нський (Dzeržýnsʹkyj), after Soviet revolutionary Felix Dzerzhinsky. The city was renamed in 2016 as part of general decommunization of placenames. Doublet of Dneprodzerzhinsk, from Russian Дне́продзержи́нск (Dnéprodzeržínsk).
Oleksandriia
From Ukrainian Олександрі́я (Oleksandríja).
Oleksandrivsk
From Ukrainian Олекса́ндрівськ (Oleksándrivsʹk).
Boryspil
From Ukrainian Бори́спіль (Borýspilʹ). Compare Borispol.
Yampil
From Ukrainian Я́мпіль (Jámpilʹ).
McGarrigle
Anglicized form of Irish Mac Fhearghail (“son of Fearghal”), a personal name composed of the elements fear (“man”) and gal (“courage”).
Delagrange
Borrowed from French Delagrange.
Variant of French Lagrange.
Ananiv
From Ukrainian Ана́ньїв (Anánʹjiv).
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi
From Ukrainian Бі́лгород-Дністро́вський (Bílhorod-Dnistróvsʹkyj).
Shevchenkove
From Ukrainian Шевче́нкове (Ševčénkove).
Bakhmut
Borrowed from Ukrainian Бахму́т (Baxmút). Named after the nearby Bakhmutka River (aka Bakhmut River), the name of which apparently derives from the word Ukrainian бахма́т (baxmát, “pony; war-horse, pack-horse”) (cf. Russian бахма́т (baxmát) and Polish bachmat), from a Turkic language. Regarding the word бахмат (baxmat) (and its Russian and Polish cognates), linguists offer the following hypotheses:
* It is considered a borrowing from a Turkic (Crimean Tatar, or rather Nogai) language paχn at, in which it is explained (according to Lokotsch and Miklosich, for example) as a compound word formed from Persian پهن (pahn, “wide, broad”) (cf. Ottoman Turkish پهن (pehn)) + at (“horse”) of Common Turkic origin (cf. Nogai at, Crimean Tatar at). Vasmer considers this highly unlikely.
* Menges derives it from a Turkic form of the name Mähmäd ("Mohammed") (cf. Old East Slavic Бохмитъ (Boxmitŭ, “Магомет/Magomet”).
Presumably related place names: Бахматівці, Bachmatówka, Bachmackie Kolonie, Bahmut.
bread-artist
Calque of German Brotkünstler (literally “bread artist”)
Chiaohsi
Borrowed from Mandarin 礁溪 (Jiāoxī) Wade–Giles romanization: Chiao¹-hsi¹.
Zhydachiv
From Ukrainian Жида́чів (Žydáčiv).
Vuhlehirsk
From Ukrainian Вуглегі́рськ (Vuhlehírsʹk, literally “coal town”).
Vilnohirsk
From Ukrainian Вільногірськ (Vilʹnohirsʹk).
Tatan
Borrowed from Mandarin 大膽 (Dàdǎn) Wade–Giles romanization: Ta⁴-tan³.
Baranivka
From Ukrainian Бара́нівка (Baránivka). Compare Baranovka.
Hsuehshan
Borrowed from Mandarin 雪山 (Xuěshān) Wade–Giles romanization: Hsüeh³-shan¹.
Kropyvnytskyi
From Ukrainian Кропивни́цький (Kropyvnýcʹkyj), after Ukrainian writer and dramaturge Marko Kropyvnytskyi (Марко Кропивницький).
Sarmazian
Borrowed from Armenian Սարմազյան (Sarmazyan).
Topoozian
Borrowed from Armenian Թոփուզյան (Tʻopʻuzyan).
nagkesar
Borrowed from Sanskrit नागकेसर (nāgakesara).
Lizalde
Borrowed from Spanish Lizalde, shortened form of Elizalde, a surname of Basque origin.
Iftikhar
Borrowed from Arabic اِفْتِخار (iftiḵār, “haughtiness, loftiness”), a popular surname in Pakistan.
neckercher
From Middle English nekcher, neke-kycher; equivalent to neck + kercher.
Childrey
From either the Old English personal name *Cilla or cille (“spring”) + rīþ (“stream, rivulet”).
Wheatcroft
From Old English hwǣte (“wheat”) + croft (“enclosed field”).
Ninevite
From Old English Niniuete, from Latin Ninivita; by surface analysis, Nineveh + -ite.
Chiamay
From Italian Chiamay in reference to the town and—via Portuguese Chimay—the imaginary lake, from Thai เชียงใหม่ (Chiiang Mai, “Chiang Mai, New Town”).
Cyuanjhou
From the Tongyong Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 泉州 (Quánzhōu) Tongyong Pinyin romanization: Cyuánjhou.
Burra Din
Borrowed from Hindustani بڑا دن / बड़ा दिन (baṛā din, literally “great day”).
Nambeadarim
From Malayalam [Term?] (literally “a general, a prince”).
spintherism
From Ancient Greek σπινθήρ (spinthḗr, “spark”) + -ism.
misua
From Hokkien 麵線 /面线 (mī-soàⁿ). Compare Tagalog miswa, Malay misoa, Indonesian misoa.
mee sua
From Hokkien 麵線 /面线 (mī-soàⁿ). Compare Malay misoa, Indonesian misoa, Tagalog miswa.
Lotoo
Borrowed from Burmese လွှတ်တော် (hlwattau, “council of ministers”)
Mayyun
Borrowed from Arabic مَيُّون (mayyūn).
sailor fuku
Partial calque from Japanese セーラー服(ふく) (sērāfuku, literally “sailor outfit”), from セーラー (sērā, “sailor”) (from English sailor) + 服(ふく) (-fuku, “clothes”).
submembranaceous
Borrowed from Latin submembrānāceus. By surface analysis, sub- + membranaceous.
substantious
Borrowed from Middle French substantieux, from Old French substancieus, from substance + -ieus; compare Medieval Latin substantiosus.
Men-t'ou-kou
From Mandarin 門頭溝 /门头沟 (Méntóugōu) Wade–Giles romanization: Mên²-tʻou²-kou¹.
Edgren
Borrowed from Swedish Edgren, an ornamental surname composed of the elements ed (“isthmus”) and gren (“branch”).
Torricella Sicura
Borrowed from Italian Torricella Sicura, from sicura (feminine of sicuro, "secure"), from a castle said to previously exist in the region.
Birkbeck
Habitational surname from a minor place in Westmorland, from Old Norse birki (“birch”) + bekkr (“stream”).
Khorramabad
Borrowed from Persian خرمآباد, from خرم (xorram) + ـآباد (abad), Northern Luri خۆڕمۏںە (xorrmwə), Laki خۆڕماوە (xořmawe).
psychopompos
From Ancient Greek ψῡχοπομπός (psūkhopompós).
Crimmins
Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Cruimín (“descendant of Cruimín”), a byname from a diminutive of crom (“bent, crooked”).
Garowe
From Arabic غَاْرَّوْؤَيَ (ḡārrawʔaya) from Somali garowe (“a place of rich sorghum grain”).
Kill Van Kull
From Middle Dutch Kille Van Col (“Dutch Kil Van Col”) Literally, “watercourse of the pass” From being a tidal strait (kille) and low point (pass, col) beyond Bergen Hill, between Bergen Point and Staten Island.
haluski
From Czech halušky, Polish hałuski, Slovak halušky, Ukrainian галу́шки (halúšky).
Huliaipole
Borrowed from Ukrainian Гуляйполе (Huljajpole, “walk-about field”).
Hola Prystan
From Ukrainian Го́ла При́стань (Hóla Prýstanʹ, “barren pier”).
Zhovti Vody
From Ukrainian Жо́вті Во́ди (Žóvti Vódy).
Kakhovka
From Ukrainian Кахо́вка (Kaxóvka).
Nova Kakhovka
From Ukrainian Нова́ Кахо́вка (Nová Kaxóvka, literally “New Kakhovka”).
Nova Odesa
From Ukrainian Нова́ Оде́са (Nová Odésa, literally “New Odesa”).
Novyi Buh
From Ukrainian Но́вий Буг (Nóvyj Buh).
Zviahel
From Ukrainian Звя́гель (Zvjáhelʹ).
Novohrad-Volynskyi
From Ukrainian Новогра́д-Воли́нський (Novohrád-Volýnsʹkyj).
Novhorod-Siverskyi
From Ukrainian Но́вгород-Сі́верський (Nóvhorod-Síversʹkyj).
backpfeifengesicht
Borrowed from German Backpfeifengesicht.
Pilley
From Old English pīl (“pile, post”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”). Equivalent to pile + -ley (“lea”).
Edric
From Old English Ēadrīc, from Proto-West Germanic *Audarīk, from Proto-Germanic *Audarīks, from *audaz (“wealth, riches”) + *rīks (“king, ruler”).
Edrick
From Old English Ēadrīc, from Proto-Germanic *Audarīks, from *audaz (“wealth, riches”) + *rīks (“king, ruler”).
Chorbajian
Borrowed from Armenian Չորբաջյան (Čʻorbaǰyan).
Bazoian
Borrowed from Armenian Բազոյան (Bazoyan).
Alupka
From Ukrainian Алу́пка (Alúpka), from Greek Ἀλώπηξ (Alópix) which derived from αλεπού (alepoú).
Barsham
From the Old English personal name Bār, a byname from bār (“boar”), + -s- + hām (“homestead”).
Hannington
From the Old English personal name *Hana + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Vyshneve
From Ukrainian Вишне́ве (Vyšnéve).
grasserie
From French grasserie, from gras (“fat”) + -erie (“-ery”).
Four Marks
Recorded as Fowremerkes in 1548; from Old English fēower + mearc (boundary), so called because the boundaries of four ancient parishes met here.
Kangeanese
From Kangean + -ese, from Dutch Kangeanisch or Kangeansch, from Kangean kangean or kangayan.
hwatu
Borrowed from Korean 화투 (hwatu), a Sino-Korean word from 花 (“flower”) + 鬪 (“fight”).
Sungshan
From Mandarin 松山 (Sōngshān), Wade–Giles romanization: Sung¹-shan¹.
treewright
From Middle English *tre-wrighte, from Old English trēowwyrhta (“wood-worker, carpenter”), equivalent to tree + wright.
piciere
From Middle English picer, piciere, from Old French piciere; compare modern French pissière.
garde-faude
From French gardes-des-faudes (related to English fauld).
timberwright
From Middle English timber-wrighte, tymbre wryth, equivalent to timber + wright.
Liehyu
From Mandarin 烈嶼 (Lièyǔ), Wade–Giles romanization: Lieh⁴-yü³.
Chukuang
1970s, from Mandarin 莒光 (Jǔguāng), Wade–Giles romanization: Chü³-kuang¹.
Sanchih
From Mandarin 三芝 (Sānzhī), Wade–Giles romanization: San¹-chih¹.
Juisui
From Mandarin 瑞穗 (Ruìsuì), Wade–Giles romanization: Jui⁴-sui⁴.
Liuchiu
From Mandarin 琉球 (Liúqiú), Wade–Giles romanization: Liu²-chʻiu².
Peikan
From Mandarin 北竿 (Běigān), Wade–Giles romanization: Pei³-kan¹.
Chupei
From Mandarin 竹北 (Zhúběi), Wade–Giles romanization: Chu²-pei³.
Treglown
Habitational surname from a minor place near St Keverne, Cornwall, from Cornish tre (“estate; farmstead”) + an unidentified second element.
Popasna
Borrowed from Ukrainian Попа́сна (Popásna).
Mohyliv-Podilskyi
From Ukrainian Могилі́в-Поді́льський (Mohylív-Podílʹsʹkyj).
Miquelonnais
From French Miquelonnais, from Miquelon + -ais.