MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Segovia
Borrowed from Spanish Segovia, from Latin Segovia, from Celtiberian Segouia, from a suffixed form of Proto-Celtic *segos (“victory”). Related city names include Segeda and Segontia.
inbreak
From Middle English *inbreken, from Old English inbrecan (“to break into”), equivalent to in- + break. Cognate with Dutch inbreken (“to break in”), German einbrechen (“to break in”).
euryphage
From eury- + -phage, from Ancient Greek εὐρύς (eurús, “wide”) + φαγεῖν (phageîn, “to eat”).
yokai
From Japanese 妖怪 (yōkai, “ghost, phantom”).
inblow
From Middle English inblowen, from Old English inblāwan (“to inspire, breathe upon, inflate, puff up”), equivalent to in- + blow. Doublet of inflate.
inburn
From Middle English *inbernen, *inbrennen, from Old English *inbiernan, *inbærnan, suggested by Old English inbryne (“fire, burning”) and inbærnednes (“burning, incense”), equivalent to in- + burn. Compare Old English onbiernan (“to be burning”). Cognate with Dutch inbranden (“to burn”), German einbrennen (“to burn”).
unright
From Middle English unright, unriȝt, unriht, from Old English unriht (“wrong, sin, vice, wickedness, evil, injustice, oppression, a wrong act”), equivalent to un- (“absence of”) + right. Cognate with Scots unricht (“wrongdoing, injustice”), Dutch onrecht (“injustice, inequity, wrong”), German Unrecht (“injustice”), Swedish orätt (“injustice, wrong, sin”).
From Middle English unrighten, from unright (“unright”, adj.).
From Middle English unright, unrighte, from Old English unrihte (“wrongly, crookedly, unjustly”), equivalent to un- + right.
upsend
From Middle English upsenden, equivalent to up- + send. Cognate with Scots upsend (“to ascend”), Dutch opzenden (“to redirect, forward”), Low German upsenden (“to send up, deliver (mail)”), Swedish uppsända (“to offer up”).
uprist
From Middle English uprist, opriste, from Old English *ūprist (“uprising”), from *upp (“up”) + *ristiz (“ascension, rise”); equivalent to up- + Old English rist (“a rising”). Compare Old English ǣrist (“rising, rising up, resurrection, awakening”), Old High German urrist (“resurrection”), Gothic 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (urrists, “resurrection”).
gemel
From Middle English gemow, from Old French gemel, from Latin gemellus, diminutive of geminus (“twin”). The modern form is influenced by the Latin etymon.
lunel
From French lunel, a heraldic term based on lune (“moon”). Compare Spanish lunel, Italian lunello.
brookie
From Afrikaans broekie, diminutive of broek (“pants”), from Dutch broek (“pants”). Cognate with Dutch broekje (“shorts”). Doublet of breeches and britches.
kashkaval
From Ottoman Turkish قاشقوال (kaşkaval), from Sicilian cascavaḍḍu. Doublet of caciocavallo.
aquamanile
Borrowed from Late Latin aquamanile, from Latin aqua (“water”), and the root of manus (“hand”).
chrismatory
From Middle English crismatorie, from Medieval Latin chrismatōrium, from chrisma, crisma (“chrism”).
Kabuli
From Kabul + -i, or directly from Persian کابلی (“Kabuli”).
chinar
From Hindustani चिनार (cinār) / چِنار (cinār), from Classical Persian چِنَار (činār, “Platanus”).
loutrophoros
From Ancient Greek λουτροφόρος (loutrophóros).
psykter
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ψυκτήρ (psuktḗr), literally "cooler". See psychro-.
gow
From Chinese 膏 (gāo, “ointment”), probably as a shortening of 藥膏／药膏 (yàogāo).
From Scottish Gaelic gobha (“smith”).
wali
Borrowed from Arabic وَالٍ (wālin).
From Arabic وَلِيّ (waliyy).
Borrowed from Arabic وَلِيّ (waliyy, “prophet, saint”).
farseer
Modelled after German Fernseher (“TV set”, literally “farseer”), from Fernsehen (“television”, literally “farsee”), calque of French télévision, from Ancient Greek τῆλε (têle, “far away”) and Latin visio (“sight”).
By surface analysis, far + seer.
upleap
From Middle English uplepen, equivalent to up- + leap. Cognate with Dutch oplopen (“to incur, run up”), German auflaufen (“to accumulate, mount up, run aground”).
ghassoul
From French ghassoul, from Arabic غَاسُول (ḡāsūl).
muckamuck
Borrowed from Chinook Jargon muckamuck (“food”). In the sense of person of authority, it is short for high muckamuck, from Chinook Jargon hayo muckamuck (“plenty to eat, plenty of food; to eat”). See muckety muck. The ultimate source of the word is unclear; it is possible that the term originated within Chinook Jargon itself, rather than being borrowed from another language.
pilch
From Middle English pilche, from Old English pylċe, pyleċe, from Late Latin pellicia. A doublet of pelisse; also see pelt (“skin”).
isagoge
Borrowed from Latin īsagōgē, from Ancient Greek εἰσαγωγή (eisagōgḗ, “lead-in”), from εἰς (eis, “into”) + ἀγωγή (agōgḗ, “to lead”).
ischialgia
From New Latin ischialgia, from Latin ischion + -algia.
querulant
From Medieval Latin querulans, querulantis, ultimately from Latin querela.
cursitor
From Latin runner; in the legal sense, from Latin cursitor, from the words de cursu, applied in the statute to ordinary writs.
syenite
Borrowed from Latin Syēnītēs, from Syēnē (“Aswan”), because it was anciently quarried there.
khedive
From French khédive, from Ottoman Turkish خدیو (ḫediv, ḫıdiv), from Persian خدیو (xadêw, xedêw, “lord, master, king”), from Bactrian χοαδηο (khoadēo, “lord”).
insend
From Middle English insenden, from Old English insendan (“to send in, put in”), equivalent to in- + send. Cognate with Dutch inzenden (“to send in, put in”), German einsenden (“to send in, submit”).
robatayaki
Borrowed from Japanese 炉端焼き (literally “fireside cooking”).
inbring
From Middle English inbringen, from Old English inbringan (“to bring in, bring to, present”), equivalent to in- + bring. Cognate with Scots inbring (“to inbring, import”), Dutch inbrengen (“to bring in”), German einbringen (“to introduce, bring in”), Swedish inbringa (“to bring in, fetch”).
puckle
From Middle English *poukel, *pukel, from Old English pūcel (“a goblin, demon, a mischievous spirit”), diminutive of pūca (“demon, goblin, imp”), equivalent to puck + -le. Cognate with Danish pokker (“devil, deuce”). More at puck.
lanuginose
Borrowed from Latin lānūginōsus, from lānūgō, lānūginis (“woolly substance, down”), from lāna (“wool”).
gallows tree
From earlier gallow tree, from Middle English galowetre, galwe tree, from Old English gealgtrēow, equivalent to gallows + tree. Cognate with Danish galgetræ, Swedish galgträd, Norwegian galgetre, Icelandic gálgatré. Compare also West Frisian galgebeam, German Galgenbaum.
towkay
From Hokkien 頭家 /头家 (thâu-ke, “boss”). Doublet of taoke.
time attack
From time + attack. The time-trial sense is a calque of Japanese タイムアタック (taimu atakku), itself from English.
betine
From Middle English betinen, betynen, bitunen, bituinen, from Old English betȳnan (“to hedge in, enclose, shut, bury; shut out; conclude, end”), from Proto-West Germanic *bitūnijan (“to inclose, hedge about”), equivalent to be- + tine. Cognate with Middle Dutch betuinen, Middle Low German betü̂nen, Middle High German beziunen (German bezäunen (“to fence in, surround, border”)).
prasine
From Middle English [Term?], from a combination of Middle French prame (inherited from Late Latin prasinus) and Middle French prasine (borrowed from Late Latin prasinum), both ultimately from Latin prasinus (“leek-green”), from Ancient Greek πράσινος (prásinos), from πράσον (práson, “leek”).
Latona
From Latin Lātōna, a Latinization of Ancient Greek Λητώ (Lētṓ).
Nastaliq
Borrowed from Classical Persian نَسْتَعْلِیق (nasta'līq), a compound of نسخ (nasx), from Arabic نَسْخ (nasḵ, literally “transcription”), and تَعْلِیق (ta'līq), from Arabic تَعْلِيق (taʕlīq, literally “hanging, suspension”), the names of two other styles.
beswinge
From Middle English *beswingen, from Old English beswingan (“to flog, scourge, beat, strike”), equivalent to be- + swinge (“to scourge”).
raphane
Borrowed from Latin raphanus, from Ancient Greek ῥάφανος (rháphanos).
hemodonation
From hemo- + donation; apparently a calque of Spanish hemodonación.
Hepburn
From Old English hēa, definite form of hēah (“high”) + byrġen (“tumulus”).
The romanization system is named after its inventor, James Curtis Hepburn.
VVD
Borrowed from Dutch VVD (“Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie”).
PVV
Borrowed from Dutch PVV (“Partij Voor de Vrijheid”).
unadvanced
From Middle English un-avanced, unavanced; equivalent to un- + advanced.
pudibund
From Latin pudibundus, from pudeō (“make ashamed, be ashamed”).
roomth
Inherited from Middle English rymthe, from Old English rȳmþ (“roominess, spaciousness”) (compare Old English rȳmet (“room, space”)), from Proto-West Germanic *rūmiþu (“roominess”), from Proto-West Germanic *rūm (“roomy, spacious”), equivalent to room (“wide, spacious, roomy”) + -th (abstract nominal suffix). Cognate with Dutch ruimte (“room, space”), German Low German Rüümte (“room, space”), German Räumte (“cargo capacity of a ship”), Swedish rymd (“space”).
elderdom
From Middle English *elderdom, alderdom, from Old English ealdordōm (“greatness, power, authority, lordship, eldership, rule, dominion, magistracy, principality, superiority, preeminence, primacy, government, any official position involving command of others, beginning”), equivalent to elder + -dom. Cognate with West Frisian âlderdom (“eld, old age, antiquity”), German Altertum (“antiquity”), Swedish ålderdom (“eld, age”).
chota hazri
Borrowed from Hindi छोटा हाज़िरी (choṭā hāzirī).
roopit
From Scots roupit, roupet, past participle of Scots roup (“to shout”), equivalent to English roop + -ed. More at roop.
budyonovka
Borrowed from Russian будёновка f (budjónovka), after Semyon Budyonny, Семён Будённый (Semjón Budjónnyj).
loremaster
From lore + master, possibly a learned borrowing from Middle English or calque of Middle English lore maistir (“teacher of knowledge”).
Magen David
Borrowed from Hebrew מָגֵן דָּוִד (“shield of David”), made of Hebrew מָגֵן (“shield”) and Hebrew דָּוִד (“David”).
vipper
From Japanese VIPPER (VIPPER), from /vip/ internet forum board.
deemer
From Middle English demere, from Old English dēmere (“a judge”), equivalent to deem + -er.
bumbo
Perhaps from Italian (baby-talk) bombo (“drink”), of imitative origin.
orfe
19th century. Borrowed from German orfe, orf, possibly from French orphe or Old High German orvo, from Latin orphus (“gilt-head bream”), from Ancient Greek ὀρφώς (orphṓs, “sea perch”).
May be related to Old English eorp, earp (“dark, dusky”), Old High German erpf (“brown”), Old Norse jarpr (“brown”), and Ancient Greek ὀρφνός (orphnós, “dark”).
Prem
From Sanskrit प्रे॒मन् (premán, “love, affection”).
Bodo
* As a Hungarian surname, Bodó, from the old name Bod or from a Slavic name meaning "to inspire" (see Buda).
* As a Polish and Slovak surname Boďo, from the old Slavic name Ostrobod, from Proto-Slavic *ostrъ (“sharp”) + *bosti (“to sting, stab”).
* As a German surname, from the noun Bodo (“messenger”). This is also found in parts of France and Italy.
* As a French surname, variant of Bodeau (from Old French boel (“gut, intestine”), from Late Latin botellus) and Thibodeau.
guggul
Borrowed from Hindi गूगल (gūgal), from Sanskrit गुल्गु॒लु॒ (gúlgulu).
plethodontid
From scientific Latin Plethodontidae (family name), from Plethodon (genus name), from Ancient Greek πλῆθος (plêthos, “great number”) + ὀδούς (odoús, “tooth”).
Zabaykalsky Krai
Borrowed from Russian Забайка́льский край (Zabajkálʹskij kraj, literally “Trans-Baikal Krai”), in reference to its location on the far side of Lake Baikal.
orphrey
From Middle English orfray, orfrei, orefreys (“elaborate (especially gold) embroidery; fabric adorned with such embroidery; embroidered ornamental band or border; decorative elements”), from Anglo-Norman and Middle French orfrais, orfreis, orfrois, and other forms, from Late Latin aurifrasium, aurifrisium, aurifrigium and other forms, from Latin aurum Phrygium (“gold embroidery”, literally “Phrygian gold”), from aurum (“gold”) + Phrygium (neuter singular of Phrygius (“Phrygian”), the Phrygians being renowned for their gold embroidery). The English word is cognate with Late Latin orfrasium, orfresium, Old Occitan aurfre, aurfres, orfres (modern Occitan aurfrés), Spanish orofrés, orifrés.
daurade
Borrowed from French daurade, itself borrowed, through the intermediate of an Italian text, from Spanish dorada, partially from Latin aurāta, and influenced by the verb dorar (“gild, give a golden color”). Doublet of dorado.
grauwacke
From German Grauwacke, from grau (“grey”) + wacke (“boulder”).
final solution
Calque of German Endlösung, which is short for Endlösung der Judenfrage (“Final Solution to the Jewish Question”)
aglaonema
From the genus name taxonomic name Aglaonema, of Ancient Greek origin, from ἀγλαός (aglaós, “shining”) + νῆμα (nêma, “thread”).
cowflesh
From Middle English cowe flesh (also kowes flesche), equivalent to cow + flesh. Compare German Kuhfleisch (“cow meat”), West Frisian kowefleis, Dutch koeievlees, koeienvlees.
calfflesh
From Middle English calfflesch, equivalent to calf + flesh. Compare Dutch kalfsvlees (“veal”), German Kalbfleisch (“veal”).
potrzebie
From a case form of Polish potrzeba, adopted as a catchphrase by Mad magazine in the 1950s, and applied to a system of measurement by American computer scientist Donald Knuth (then a high-schooler).
basturma
From Armenian բաստուրմա (basturma). Doublet of pastrama.
Irtysh
From Russian Иртыш (Irtyš), possibly from Bashkir.
instrew
From Middle English *instrewen, instrien, equivalent to in- + strew.
ambe
From Ancient Greek ἄμβη (ámbē, “raised edge”), Ionic form of ἄμβων (ámbōn, “crest, edge”).
maracatu
Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese maracatu, from Old Tupi maraká (“rattle, maraca”) + katu (“good”).
panicum
Etymology tree
Latin pānicumder.
Translingual Panicumbor.
English panicum
From translingual Panicum (genus name), from New Latin panicum (“panicgrass”).
leadsman
From Middle English ledes-man (“a military commander”, “a general”); equivalent to leads (the genitive form of lead: “a leading”, “a directing”, “a guiding”) + man.
piedouche
Borrowed from French piédouche, itself a borrowing from Italian peduccio (“console, corbel”).
newcome
From Middle English neowecomen, from Old English nīwcumen, nīwancumen (“newly come, just arrived”), equivalent to new- + come.
From Middle English neowecomen, from Old English nīwcumen, nīwancumen (“new-comer, neophyte, novice”).
Swedish Vallhund
From Swedish + Swedish vallhund (“herding dog”), from valla (“herd”) + hund (“dog”).
diya
Borrowed from Hindi दिया (diyā).
Borrowed from Sanskrit दिया (diyā).
acroterium
From Latin acrōtērium, from Ancient Greek ἀκρωτήριον (akrōtḗrion); related to ἄκρος (ákros, “highest, at the extremity”). By surface analysis, acro- + Latin -tērium. Fully Latinized form. Doublet of acroter.
oheloberry
From Hawaiian, from the plant's name ʻŌhelo ʻai, and berry.
Bashir
From Arabic بَشِير (bašīr, “bringer of good news”).
Basheer
From Arabic بَشِير (bašīr, “bringer of good news”)
Aegeus
From Ancient Greek Αἰγεύς (Aigeús).
breastplated
From Middle English brest-plated, equivalent to breastplate + -ed.
digraphia
From Ancient Greek διγραφία (digraphía), δι- (di-, “twice”) + -γραφία (-graphía, “writing”), modeled on diglossia.
Kirchnerism
Borrowed from Spanish kirchnerismo. By surface analysis, Kirchner + -ism.
tummo
Borrowed from Tibetan གཏུམ་མོ (gtum mo, literally “fierce woman”).
Kazuo
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 喀左.
raskol
Reborrowed from Tok Pisin, from English rascal.
From Russian раскол (raskol).
kulich
From Russian кулич (kulič), ultimately from Ancient Greek κόλλιξ (kóllix, “roll or loaf of bread”). Cognate to Persian کلوچه، کلیچه (koluče, količe). Doublet of kulcha.
Borrowed from Czech and Slovak Kulich.
indelve
From Middle English indelven (“to bury”), equivalent to in- + delve. Cognate with Dutch indelven (“to dig into”). More at in-, delve.
retent
From Latin retentum, from retentus, perfect passive participle of retineō. See retain.
yoshoku
Borrowed from Japanese 洋食 (yōshoku), from Middle Chinese 洋 (yáng "ocean", by extension "foreign", "Western") + 食 (ʒik "eat", "food").
Takao
Borrowed from Japanese 高(たか)雄(お) (Takao), from Min Nan 打狗 (Tá-káu).
oxherd
From Middle English oxeherde, oxherd, oxhyrde, from Old English oxanhierde, equivalent to ox + herd. Cognate with German Ochsenhirt (“oxherd”).
houngan
Etymology tree
Fon houn
Proto-Bantu *mʊ̀gàngà
Kongo nganga
Haitian Creole ounganbor.
English houngan
From Haitian Creole oungan, apparently from Fon houn (“spirit”) + Kongo nganga (“high priest”).
erhua
From Mandarin 兒化 /儿化 (érhuà).
skeeved
Formed of skeeve + -ed, from Italian schifo (“disgust, nausea”), schifare (“to disgust, to loathe”), and schifoso (“disgusting, loathsome”).
ryokan
From Japanese 旅館(りょかん) (ryokan), which is from Middle Chinese 旅館 (MC ljoX kwanH, “inn, traveller's lodge”).
Compare modern Chinese 旅館／旅馆 (lǚguǎn, “hotel”), from 旅 (lǚ, “travel”) + 館／馆 (guǎn, “lodging-house”).
erization
From er + -ization, a calque of Chinese 兒化 /儿化 (érhuà).
anthra-
Abbreviation of anthracene, from Ancient Greek ἄνθραξ (ánthrax, “coal”) + -ene.
gompa
Borrowed from Tibetan དགོན་པ (dgon pa).
kalarippayattu
Borrowed from Malayalam കളരിപ്പയറ്റ് (kaḷarippayaṟṟŭ).
diwaniya
From Gulf Arabic ديوانية (dīwānīya).
padauk
From Burmese ပိတောက် (pi.tauk).
seafoam
From Middle English see fom, see fome, equivalent to sea + foam.
phrygana
Borrowed from Greek φρύγανα (frýgana).
Dahl
From Danish, Norwegian and Swedish Dahl. Doublet of Dale and Dell.
thalasso-
From Ancient Greek θάλασσα (thálassa, “sea”).
dojocho
From Japanese 道場長 (dōjōchō, literally “dojo chief, dojo head”).
dutty
According to one source, from the Twi Akan word dutty (“ground”). Probably reinforced by the English terms dirt, dirty.
locofoco
Etymology tree
Latin locus
Latin focus
English locofoco
From Latin locus (“place; cause”) and focus (“hearth; fire”), although possibly prompted by misunderstanding the prefix of locomotive (itself from locus) as instead meaning something like self- or auto-. In reference to the NY political faction, derived from the use of locofoco matches to light candles and continue a meeting the rival Tammany Hall faction had attempted to end by killing the meeting place's gaslights.
Often folk etymologized to derive from Spanish loco (“crazy”).
ichthyocolla
From Latin ichthyocolla, from Ancient Greek ἰχθυόκολλα (ikhthuókolla, “fish-glue”), from ἰχθύς (ikhthús, “fish”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue”).
leuconychia
Fromm leuco- + Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux) + -ia.
baryte
From French barote, 1782 coinage from Ancient Greek βαρύτης (barútēs, “heaviness”), from βαρύς (barús) + -της (-tēs).
eratapokriseis
From Ancient Greek ἐρωταποκρίσεις (erōtapokríseis), from ἐρωτάω (erōtáō, “ask”) + ἀπόκρισις (apókrisis, “answer”).
bewrite
From Middle English bewriten, from Old English bewrītan (“to write, record, copy”), from Proto-West Germanic *biwrītan (“to write down; write about”), equivalent to be- (“about, over”) + write. Cognate with Old Frisian biwrīta (“to write down”), Middle Low German bewriten (“to engrave; to pronounce a blessing”), German bereiẞen (“to scale something by hand, carry out manually”). Compare also Dutch beschrijven (“to describe”), German beschreiben (“to describe”), Swedish beskriva (“to describe”).
Tianjin preserved vegetable
Calque from Chinese 天津冬菜 (Tiānjīn dōngcài).
Torres
From Romance Torres (Portuguese Torres and Spanish Torres); from torres ("towers"; Portuguese torres and Spanish torres); indicating someone who lived in or near a tower. From Latin turris.
Castro
Borrowed from Spanish Castro. The neighborhood is named after Californio politician José Castro (1808–1860).
Navarro
Borrowed from Spanish Navarro, from navarro, demonym of Navarra, from Basque Nafarroa.
Vargas
Borrowed from Spanish Vargas. This surname is predominantly found in Mexico and Colombia.
Aguilar
Borrowed from Spanish Aguilar. This surname is mostly found in Mexico.
Bustamante
Habitational surname borrowed from Spanish Bustamante. This surname is mostly found in Mexico.
Flores
From Portuguese Flores, from flores (“flowers”).
From Spanish Flores, from flores (“flowers”).
Linares
From Spanish Linares, from linares (“flax fields”). For places outside Spain, derived from Spanish cities or from Spanish nobles bearing the name in their primary titles. As a surname mostly found in Venezuela, variously derived from all these sources.
Ochoa
Borrowed from Spanish Ochoa, from Basque otsoa, otxoa (“wolf”).
Manson
An Anglicised version of the North Germanic (Scandinavian) name Magnuson "son of Magnus" (Swedish Magnusson, Danish Magnussen, Norwegian Magnusen, Icelandic Magnússon), using + -son.
plightful
From Middle English plightful, plihtful, equivalent to plight + -ful.
bookly
From Middle English *bocli, from Old English bōclīċ (“of or belonging to a book, scientific, biblical, scriptural”); equivalent to book + -ly. Cognate with Danish boglig (“bookish”), Swedish boklig (“bookish, literary”).
angu
Borrowed from Portuguese angu, from Yoruba à ń gún (“we are pounding”) or Fon agǔ (“pounded yam”).
plightly
From Middle English plihtliche, from Old English *plihtlīċe (“dangerously”), from plihtlīċ (“dangerous, perilous”), equivalent to plight + -ly.
plaw
From Middle English plawen, playen, plaȝen, from Old English plagian, a dialectal (Anglian) variant of Old English plegian (“to move about quickly, play”). More at play.
theoxenia
From Ancient Greek θεοξενία (theoxenía), equivalent to theo- + xenia.
Justinian
Borrowed from Latin Iūstīniānus, from Iūstīnus (“Justin”) + -iānus.
zamouse
Ultimately from Arabic جاموس (jāmūs, “buffalo”).
zayat
From Burmese ဇရပ် (ja.rap).
zain
Borrowed from French zain.
From Arabic زَيْن (zayn, “beauty”)
zillah
Borrowed from Hindi ज़िला (zilā) and Urdu ضلع (zilā), from Classical Persian ضلع (zil', “side, edge”), from Arabic ضِلْع (ḍilʕ, “side, edge, division”). Cognate with Nepali जिल्ला (jillā) and Marathi जिल्हा (jilhā).
quadragenarious
Learned borrowing from Latin quadrāgēnārius (“containing 40”), either directly or via French quadragénaire, from Latin quadrāgēnus (“40 each”) + -ārius (“-ary”), from quadrāgintā (“four tens, forty”). Doublet of quadragenarian, quadragenary, and quadragene.
quadragene
From Late Latin quadragēna (“40-day period, Lent”), from Latin quadrāgēnus (“40 each”), from quadrāgintā (“four tens, forty”). Doublet of carene.
wish fulfilment
From wish + fulfilment, a calque of German Wunscherfüllung.
youngth
From Middle English yongthe, equivalent to young + -th (abstract nominal suffix).
quadrantal
From Latin quadrantal.
From Latin quadrantālis (“quarter, containing the fourth part of a measure”).
recamier
Borrowed from French récamier, named after the 19th century French socialite Juliette Récamier.
Skeffington
From the Old English personal name *Sċeaft, a byname from sċeaft (“shaft”), + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).
Ethiopic
From Latin aethiopicus, from Ancient Greek Αἰθιοπικός (Aithiopikós). By surface analysis, Ethiop + -ic.
Mashhad
Borrowed from Persian مشهد (mašhad), from Arabic مشهد (mašhad).
tokoloshe
Borrowed from Zulu [Term?]. Compare Afrikaans tokkelossie.
douhua
Borrowed from Mandarin 豆花 (dòuhuā).
xiaolongbao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 小籠包 /小笼包 (xiǎolóngbāo, literally “little-basket dumpling”).
douchi
From Mandarin 豆豉 (dòuchǐ). Doublet of tousi.
Rochelle
Habitational or topographic name from places in France, La Rochelle, from Old French rochelle diminutive form of roche (“rock”).
elmen
From Middle English elmen, elmyn, equivalent to elm + -en (“made or consisting of”).
Langley
From Old English lang (“long”) + lēah (“woodland clearing, glade”). Equivalent to long + -ley (“lea”).
cither
From Latin cithara, from Ancient Greek κιθάρα (kithára). Doublet of cithara, guitar, and zither.
Farhud
From Arabic الفَرْهُود (al-farhūd).
papyrine
From Latin papȳrīnus, from papȳrus + -īnus (suffix forming relational adjectives), equivalent to papyrus + -ine. Cf. Ancient Greek πᾰπῡ́ρῐνος (păpū́rĭnos).
From French papyrine, from Latin papȳrus + French -ine.
irrumate
First attested in 1887; borrowed from Latin irrumātus, perfect passive participle of irrumō (“to irrumate”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
closestool
From Middle English close stol, equivalent to close (“enclosed”, adjective) + stool.
Eighty Years' War
Calque of Dutch Tachtigjarige Oorlog.