MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
Jeannine
From French Jeannine, from Jeanne + -ine, q.v. Sometimes also parsed as a diminutive of English Jean, Jeanne, &c.
Doublet of Ivanka, Jan, Janelle, Janet, Janey, Janine, Jeanette, Jeanie, Jeannette, Jen, Jenna, Jenny, Jessie, Jo, Jody, Juanita, Shanae, Sinead, and Vanna.
Laetitia
Unadapted borrowing from Latin Laetitia, laetitia (“happiness”).
connate
First attested in 1641; borrowed from Latin connātus, perfect active participle of connāscor (“to be born together (with)”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from con- + nāscor. Doublet of cognate.
myristic
Etymology tree
Ancient Greek μῠ́ρον (mŭ́ron)
Ancient Greek μυρίζω (murízō)
Byzantine Greek μυριστικός (muristikós)der.
Late Latin myristicusder.
Italian miristicoder.
English myristic
From Italian miristico, from Late Latin myristicus (“fragrant”); the form Myristica first used by Linnaeus as a genus name for the nutmeg tree. From Ancient Greek μυριστικός (muristikós, “fragrant”), from Ancient Greek μυρίζω (murízō, “to anoint”), from μύρον (múron, “unguent, perfume”). Compare myronic.
idli
From Tamil இட்லி (iṭli), Kannada ಇಡ್ಲಿ (iḍli).
omohyoid
Borrowing from New Latin ōmohȳoīdēs, from Ancient Greek ὦμος (ômos, “shoulder”) + Latin hȳoīdēs (“U-shaped”); equivalent to omo- (“shoulder”) + hyoid. Doublet of omohyoideus.
kamut
Taken from kamut, a transcription found in E. A. Wallis Budge's dictionary (where it was translated as "wheat") of Egyptian kꜣmwtt (“ear of barley”), in hieroglyphic form:
k-A-m-w-t:t-M2:Z2-!
caliculus
From Latin caliculus, diminutive of calix. By surface analysis, calic- + -ulus.
calicle
From Latin caliculus, diminutive of calix. By surface analysis, calic- + -le.
dialectician
From French dialecticien (“one skillful in dialectic”), from Latin dialecticus (“dialectic”) + French -ien (“-ian”) from Latin -ianus (“-ian”). Equivalent to dialectic + -ian.
hypoptilum
From New Latin hypoptilum, from hypo- + Ancient Greek πτίλον (ptílon, “soft feathers, down”).
queening
(apple): From Middle English quenynges pl, from quene (“queen”) but not completely certain.
douane
From French douane. Doublet of divan, dewan, and diwaniya.
gerocomy
From Ancient Greek γηροκομία (gērokomía), from γῆρας (gêras, “old age”) + -κομία (-komía, “looking after”).
Rusyn
From Carpathian Rusyn руси́н (rusýn), from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ, “Rus”). Compare Ruthenia.
twill
PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle English twyll, twylle, from Old English twilīċ (“two-threaded”), a partial calque of Latin bilix, bilic-, from bis (“twice”) + licium (“thread”).
estre
From Old French estre (“state, plan”). Cognate with some forms of be (including am, is and are).
oke
Shortened borrowing from Afrikaans outjie.
From Middle English oke.
combattant
From Middle English combattant, from Middle French combattant. Doublet of combatant.
bahadur
Transliteration of Hindustani بہادر / बहादुर (bahādur, “brave, valiant”), from Classical Persian بهادر (bahādur). Doublet of bogatyr.
Borrowed from Hindi बहादुर (bahādur, “brave, valiant”).
chuckler
From Tamil சக்கிலி (cakkili), denoting a member of a sub-caste of Dalits often employed in shoemaking.
zaikai
Borrowed from Japanese 財界 (zaikai, “world of money”), from 財 (zai, “money; wealth”) + 界 (kai, “world”).
devshirme
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دیوشیرمه (devşirme, literally “collection, gathering”) (Turkish devşirme).
schottische
From French Schottische bohème, from German schottische (“Scottish”), from German Schotte (“a Scot”). First attested in 1849. For the pronunciation, the Oxford English Dictionary comments that the "quasi-French pronunciation […] has no justification".
The Oxford Companion to Music (2002 edition) notes that this dance was first introduced to England as the German polka, but it was then superseded by a version known as the Schottische bohème or polka tremblante which appeared in Paris in the 1840s.
Rajput
Borrowed from Hindi राजपूत (rājpūt), from Sanskrit राजपुत्र (rājaputra, “prince”), a compound of राजन् (rājan, “king”) and पुत्र (putra, “son”). See also the related term Fitzroy.
Rawalpindi
Borrowed from Urdu راولپنڈی (rāvalpinḍī), from Western Punjabi راولپنڈی (rāvalpinḍī), from راول (rāval) and پنڈی (pinḍī), diminutive of پنڈ (pinḍ, “village”). The metonymical sense is from the Joint Staff Headquarters, the headquarters of the Pakistan Armed Forces located in that city.
Quetta
Anglicisation of Urdu کوئٹَہ (kuveṭa).
phelloderm
From Ancient Greek φελλός (phellós) + -derm.
Shoop
* As a German surname, Americanized from Schupp.
* Also an Americanized spelling of Dutch and North German Schoop, from Middle Dutch schoepe and Middle Low German schōpe (“ladle”) (for which see modern Schöpflöffel).
From Middle English schoupe, from Old Norse *hjúpa (“rosehip”), from Proto-Germanic *heupǭ (“haw, hawthorn, thornbush, rosehip”). Cognate with Faroese hjúpa (“rosehip”), Old English hēope (“hip, rosehip”). Doublet of hip.
decidua
From Latin dēciduus (“falling down or off”), from dēcidō (“fall down”).
tsutsugamushi
From Japanese つつがむし (tsutsugamushi, “chigger”).
millier
From French millier (“a thousand, a 1000-ish, 1000 kg”), from mille (“thousand”) + -ier (“-er”).
gynoecium
From New Latin; from gyno- + oecium (from Ancient Greek οἰκῐ́ον (oikĭ́on), diminutive of οἶκος (oîkos, “house”)).
glandulous
Borrowed from Late Latin glandulōsus, from Latin glandula. By surface analysis, glandule + -ous.
burbly
From Middle English burbly, burbely, burbli, equivalent to burble + -y.
Aomori
Borrowed from Japanese 青(あお)森(もり) (Aomori).
The original Japanese name was first used in 1624. One origin claims that the city's name was derived from a former forest on a hill near present-day Honcho (本町) used by fishermen to locate the town.
percher
From Middle English percher; equivalent to perch (“bar to support a candle”) + -er.
siffle
Borrowed from French siffler, from Latin sibilāre. Doublet of sibilate.
astrologian
From Middle English astrologien, astrologen, from Old French astrologien.
septembrize
From French septembriser, a reference to the September massacres of Paris in 1797 during the French Revolution.
Roma
Borrowed from Romani roma, plural of rom (“man, husband, Romani man”). The latter probably comes from Sanskrit डोम्ब (ḍomba, “lower-caste person working as a wandering musician”), from Sanskrit डमरु (ḍamaru, “drum”), which may have been borrowed from a Dravidian language. Folk etymology pointed to a legend that the ethnic group were an exiled people from Roman Imperial times.
The other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt) and cognates of tzigane (words derived from Greek); see those entries for more information.
From Latin and Italian Roma (“Rome”). Doublet of Rome and Rum.
contrabandista
Unadapted borrowing from Spanish contrabandista and Unadapted borrowing from Portuguese contrabandista.
lavant
Uncertain. Possibly from Middle English *lavand, *lavant, lavande, present participle of Middle English laven (“to stream, pour out a stream, wash”), from Old English lafian (“to pour water on, wash, lave, bathe, ladle out”), equivalent to lave + -and; or from Old French lavant, present participle of laver (“to wash”). See lave.
kirpan
Borrowed from Punjabi ਕਿਰਪਾਨ (kirpān), from Sanskrit कृपाण (kṛpāṇa, “sword, dagger, sacrificial knife”), from कल्पयति (kalpáyati, “he orders, apportions, cuts, trims”).
heiti
From Icelandic heiti, from Old Norse heiti, from Old Norse heita (“to be named”), from Proto-Germanic *haitaną (“to call, name, order”). Doublet of hight.
Maratha
Borrowed from Marathi मराठा (marāṭhā). Doublet of Maharashtra.
Yolande
Borrowed from French Yolande. Doublet of Yolanda.
pekan
From the Abenaki apanakes (“pine marten, Martes americana”), or a Penobscot cognate of it.
rakan
From Japanese 羅漢 (rakan).
Borrowed from Arabic راكان ("steadfast, strong").
gay
From Middle English gay, from Old French gai (“joyful, laughing, merry”), usually thought to be a borrowing of Old Occitan gai (“impetuous, lively”), from Gothic *𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍃 (*gaheis, “impetuous”), merging with earlier Old French jai ("merry"; see jay), from Frankish *gāhi; both from Proto-Germanic *ganhuz, *ganhwaz (“sudden”). This is possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (“to stride, step”), from *ǵʰeh₁- (“to leave”), but Kroonen rejects this derivation and treats the Germanic word as having no known etymology.
cognates and sense derivation
Cognate with Dutch gauw (“fast, quickly”), Westphalian Low German gau, gai (“fast, quick”), German jäh (“abrupt, sudden”).
Anatoly Liberman, following Frank Chance and Harri Meier, believes Old French gai was instead a native development from Latin vagus (“wandering, inconstant, flighty”), with *[w] > [g] as in French gaine.
The sense of homosexual (first recorded no later than 1937 by Cary Grant in the film Bringing Up Baby, and possibly earlier in 1922 in the poem "Miss Furr and Miss Skeene" by Gertrude Stein) was shortened from earlier gay boy ("young male prostitute") - and gay cat ("homosexual boy") in underworld and prison slang, itself first attested about 1935, but used earlier for a young tramp or hobo attached to an older one.
Pejorative usage is due to hostility towards homosexuality.
The sense of ‘upright’, used in reference to a dog’s tail, probably derives from the ‘happy’ sense of the word.
trismus
Borrowed from New Latin trismus, from Ancient Greek τρισμός (trismós, “a grinding, rasping, scream”), from Ancient Greek τρίζω (trízō).
Chao
From Mandarin 趙／赵 (Zhào), Wade–Giles romanization: Chao⁴.
marocchino
From Italian marocchino, ellipsis of caffè marocchino, from its colour, as marocchino was a type of light brown leather (see Morocco leather) used in the 1930s to make hair bands.
rompu
Borrowed from French rompu, past participle of rompre to break, Latin rumpō. See rupture.
high sea
From Middle English hey see, hey se, from Old English hēahsǣ (“the high sea, the deep”), equivalent to high + sea.
metron
From Ancient Greek μέτρον (métron). Doublet of meter, metre, and mether.
Homeros
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek Ὅμηρος (Hómēros).
come in
From Middle English com in, imperative form of Middle English incomen (“to come in; enter”), from Old English incuman (“to come in; enter”), from Proto-Germanic *inkwemaną (“to come in; enter”), equivalent to come + in. Compare Dutch kom in (“come in”), singular imperative form of inkomen (“to come in; enter”), German einkommen (“to come in; enter”). See also income, incoming.
speechful
From Middle English specheful, spekeful, equivalent to speech + -ful.
interpellate
First attested in 1599; borrowed from Latin interpellātus, perfect passive participle of interpellō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Cognate with French interpeller.
schemata
From Ancient Greek σχήματα (skhḗmata), the nominative plural form of σχῆμα (skhêma).
Numidia
From Latin Numidia, from Numida + -ia, from an earlier interpretation of Ancient Greek Νομάς (Nomás) (genitive Νομάδος (Nomádos)). Compare Latin Nomas, whence English nomad.
bock beer
From German Bockbier, from Bock + Bier (“beer”). The former component is a southern German alteration of Einbeck, a brewery town in Lower Saxony, where the beer originally hails from. The Low German placename suffix -beck (“-brook”) was reinterpreted in southern dialects as the plural of Bock (“buck”).
logge
From Italian logge, from Italian singular loggia, from Old French loge, from Late Latin laubia, from Frankish *laubjā (“pergola”).
From Middle English logge (“stick”), see below.
melliferous
PIE word
 *mélit
Learned borrowing from Latin mellifer (“honey-bearing, honey-producing, melliferous”) + English -ous (suffix forming adjectives denoting the presence of a quality, typically in abundance). Mellifer is derived from mel (“honey”) (plural form mella; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mélit (“honey”)) + -fer (suffix meaning ‘bearing, bringing, carrying’).
mesocarp
From meso- + -carp (from Ancient Greek μέσος (mésos, “middle”) + καρπός (karpós, “fruit”)).
Elisheba
Borrowed from Hebrew אלישבע. Doublet of Elizabeth.
irrorate
First attested in 1623; borrowed from Latin irrōrātus, perfect passive participle of irrōrō (“to bedew”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
up-
From Middle English up-, from Old English ūp- (“up-”), from ūp (“up, from above”). Cognate with Dutch op- (“up-”), German auf- (“up-”). More at up.
methinketh
From Middle English me thinketh, from Old English mē þynceþ; equivalent to me + thinketh, where me is the object pronoun.
reckoner
From Middle English reknere, rekenere. Cognate with Afrikaans rekenaar, Dutch Low Saxon rekener, German Rechner, Danish regner, Swedish räknare. By surface analysis, reckon + -er.
bogue
From Cajun French, from Choctaw bok (“creek, stream”). Doublet of bayou.
In reference to the Chinese strait, a corruption of Portuguese Boca do Tigre (literally “Mouth of the Tiger”), a calque of the Chinese name 虎門 /虎门 (Hǔmén, literally “Tiger Gate”).
kano
Borrowed from Tagalog Kano, initial clipping of Amerikano, ultimately from Spanish americano (“male American”).
Borrowed from Hausa Kanṑ.
Borrowed from Japanese 狩野 (Kano) or Japanese 加納 (Kanō).
umbilicate
Borrowed from New Latin umbilicātus, from umbilicus (“navel”) + -ātus. By surface analysis, umbilic- + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
huanglongbing
From Mandarin 黃龍病／黄龙病 (huánglóngbìng), literally "yellow dragon disease".
mixen
From Middle English myxen, from Old English mixen, myxen, from meohx, meox (“dung, filth”), from Proto-West Germanic *mīgan, from Proto-Germanic *mīganą (“to urinate”); akin to German Mist (“manure”).
leme
From Middle English leem, leme, leam, from Old English lēoma (“light, brightness”); akin to light.
ladrone
Borrowed from Spanish ladrón, from Latin latrōnem, accusative singular of latrō. Doublet of latron.
languente
Borrowed from Italian languente, present participle of languire. See languish.
latrate
First attested in 1623; borrowed from Latin lātrātus, perfect passive participle of lātrō (“to bark”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix). Compare Spanish ladrar (“to bark”). Originally seemingly attested as a ghost word.
hooved
From Middle English hoved, hovyde, from Old English ġehōfod (“hoofed, hooved”), equivalent to hoof + -ed.
yukata
From Japanese 浴衣(ゆかた) (yukata), originally short for 湯帷子(ゆかたびら) (yukatabira, “kimono worn during or after bathing”).
erythritol
From erythr- + -itol; ultimately from Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós, “red”).
lubricous
Learned borrowing from Latin lūbricus (“slippery”). Doublet of lubricious.
panga
Back-formation from the plural, from the stem of translingual Pangasius (genus name), from Bengali পাঙ্গাশ (paṅgaś, “mud- or brown-coloured fish”).
From Spanish panga (“motorboat”).
muricate
First attested in 1661; borrowed from Latin mūricātus (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from mūrex (“a pointed rock or stone”).
bopomofo
Borrowed from Mandarin ㄅㄆㄇㄈ (bōpōmōfō), from the first four letters: ㄅ (bō), ㄆ (pō), ㄇ (mō), ㄈ (fō).
latifundium
From Latin lātifundium, from lātus (“wide, extensive”) + fundus (“ground, base, estate, farm”). Doublet of latifundio.
outen
From Middle English outen, uten, from Old English ūtan (“from outside, on the outside, without”), from Proto-West Germanic *ūtanā, from Proto-Germanic *ūtanē (“from without, outside of”), from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“up, over”).
Cognate with Middle Low German ûten (“out, forth”), German außen (“outside, out”), Swedish utan (“without, free from”). More at out.
* As an English surname, topographic surname from Middle English ove (“above”) (from Old English ufan) + toun (“village, town”). Also a variant of Oulton, Oughton (itself from Old English Ofa + tun).
* As a Dutch surname, variant spelling of Ooten.
sowl
From Middle English sowel, souel, suvel (“food eaten with bread; food in general”), from Old English sufel, sufol (“anything (especially relish) eaten with bread; sowl”), from Proto-West Germanic *sufl, from Proto-Germanic *suflą (“entremets, viands”), from Proto-Indo-European *seu-, *sew- (“juice; moisture; rain”). The word is cognate with Danish sul (“sowl”), Middle Dutch suvel, zuvel (Dutch zuivel (“dairy products”)), Middle Low German suvel, süvel, suffel (“sowl”), Old High German sufil, sufili, Old Norse sufl, Norwegian suvl, sovl, sul (“milk porridge; food eaten with bread, porridge or soup”), Saterland Frisian süfel (“dairy products”), Swedish sovel (“sowl”), West Frisian suvel (“dairy products”).
From Middle English soul, soule, sowel, sawel (“soul”). See further at soul.
From Middle English sōlen (“to become dirty or soiled; to make dirty, soil; to be defiled, polluted”), from Old English solian (“to make or become foul, sully”), from Proto-Germanic *sulwōną, *sulwijaną; compare sullow and sully, and Danish søle (“to make dirty, defile”), Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bisauljan, “to bemire”), Middle Dutch soluwen, seulewen (“to besmirch, soil”), Old French soillier, souillier, soller (“to dirty, stain; to tarnish (a reputation, etc.)”) (modern French souiller), Old High German solagōn, bisullen (“to make dirty”), German suhlen (“to make dirty, soil”), Old Saxon sulian (“to mire, soil”), West Flemish sowelen, suwelen.
posset
From Middle English posset, possot, possate, poshet, posthot, of unclear origin. Perhaps from Welsh posel. A connection to Latin pōsca (medieval/dialectal poscada) has also been suggested.
pappus
Via Latin pappus from Ancient Greek πάππος (páppos), an affectionate term for elderly men (referencing beards).
verrucose
Borrowed from Late Latin verrūcōsus, from Latin verrūca (“wart”). By surface analysis, verruca + -ose. Doublet of verrucous.
fretum
Unadapted borrowing from Latin fretum (“strait, channel”). Doublet of fret (“strait; channel”).
Narayana
Borrowed from Sanskrit नारायण (nārāyaṇá). Doublet of Narayan.
Atharvaveda
From Sanskrit अथर्ववेद (atharva-véda), from अथर्वन् (átharvan, “a type of priest”) and वेद (veda, “knowledge”).
Methone
From Latin Methōnē, from Ancient Greek Μεθώνη (Methṓnē). Doublet of Methoni and Modon.
Eurydice
From Latin Eurydicē, from Ancient Greek Εὐρυδίκη (Eurudíkē).
Erebus
From Latin Erebus. Doublet of rajas.
[Alt: Mount Erebus]
Zhuyin fuhao
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 注音符號 /注音符号 (zhùyīn fúhào, literally “symbol(s) for annotation of sounds”).
Key lime
From Keys (“the Florida Keys”), from key (“an island in a chain of islands”), variant of cay, from Spanish cayo.
lustrate
From Latin lustrātus (“lustrated”), perfect passive participle of lustrō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from lustrum (“ritual purification”) + -ō (first conjugation verb-forming suffix), q.v. In reference to imparting luster, further via senses of Middle French lustre, from Old Italian lustro.
Lake Superior
From French lac Supérieur (“uppermost lake”), named by 17th-century French explorers for its location as the furthest upstream and highest in altitude of the Great Lakes. By surface analysis, a proprialization from superior.
fishing line
From Middle English *fyshenge lyne (found in plural fyshenge lynes), equivalent to fishing + line.
black swan
From Middle English blak swan, calqued from a Latin quotation from Satire VI (written late 1st century – early 2nd century B.C.E.) of the Roman poet Juvenal: “Rara avis in terris, nigroque simillima cygno [a bird as rare upon the earth as a black swan]!”. Equivalent to black + swan.
Sense 2.1 (“something believed impossible or not to exist”) is from the fact that all swans were thought to have white plumage until black swans were discovered in Australia in the 17th century by Dutch explorers. Sense 2.2 (“rare and hard-to-predict event”) was popularized by the Lebanese-American author Nassim Nicholas Taleb (born 1960) in his book The Black Swan: The Impact of the Highly Improbable (2007): see the quotation.
tortuosity
From tortuo(u)s + -ity, from Latin tortuositas; compare French tortuosité.
foliose
From Latin foliōsus (“leafy”), from folio (“leaf”).
scagliola
Borrowed from Italian scagliola, a diminutive of scaglia.
calpolli
Learned borrowing from Classical Nahuatl calpolli, from calli (“house”) + -polli (“big”).
Godzilla
From Japanese ゴジラ (Gojira), blend created for the movie from the words ゴリラ (gorira, “gorilla”) and 鯨 (kujira, “whale”).
Santa Lucia
From Spanish Santa Lucía. Piecewise doublet of Saint Lucia and Saint Lucy.
Romulus
Learned borrowing from Latin Rōmulus.
Borrowed from French Romulus. This surname is mostly found in Haiti.
rosetta
From Italian rosetta.
Likely borrowed from Arabic رَشِيد (rašīd) eventually.
Borrowed from Italian Rosetta. By surface analysis, Rose + -etta. Piecewise doublet of Rosette.
Zhuyin
Short for Zhuyin fuhao, from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 註音 /注音 (zhùyīn).
hentaigana
From Japanese 変(へん)体(たい)仮(が)名(な) (hentaigana).
duppy
Jamaica, circa 18th century. From Bube dupe (“ghost”) (compare Akan adɔpe).
Dioscuri
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dyew-
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws
Proto-Hellenic *Dzéus
Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeús)
Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-
Proto-Hellenic *kórwos
Ancient Greek κόρος (kóros)
Ancient Greek Δῐόσκορος (Dĭóskoros)lbor.
Latin Dioscūrīlbor.
English Dioscuri
From Latin Dioscūrī, from Ancient Greek Διόσκουροι (Dióskouroi, “the youths of Zeus”).
Sea of Azov
Calque of Russian Азо́вское мо́ре (Azóvskoje móre). Calque of Ukrainian Азо́вське мо́ре (Azóvsʹke móre)
strophiole
Diminutive of Ancient Greek στροφή (strophḗ, “a turn, bend, twist”).
Chalcis
From Ancient Greek Χαλκίς (Khalkís).
trigonal
From Latin trigōnālis (“triangular”), equivalent to trigon + -al.
Gomorrah
From Ancient Greek Γόμορρᾰ (Gómorrhă), from Biblical Hebrew עֲמֹרָה (ʿămōrā).
Cydonia
From Latin Cydonia, from Ancient Greek Κυδωνία (Kudōnía), q.v.
trigona
From Ancient Greek τρῐ́γωνᾰ (trĭ́gōnă), plural of τρῐ́γωνον (trĭ́gōnon).
trigone
From French trigone, from Latin trigōnum, from Ancient Greek τρῐ́γωνον (trĭ́gōnon). Doublet of trigon and trigonon.
divarication
Unattested Latin *dīvāricātiō, from the verb dīvāricō (“to spread out”), from di- + vāricō (“to spread apart”).
adscititious
From Latin adscitus, from past participle of adscisco (“admit”).
hatchel
From Middle English hechele, of West Germanic origin, related to the root of hook. Compare hackle.
inquiet
Borrowed from Latin inquietare: compare French inquiéter. See quiet.
gert
From Middle English girt, gert, a metathetic variant of gret (“great”). More at great.
witloof
Borrowed from Dutch witloof, from wit (“white”) + loof (“leaf”), after the typical pale color of the leaves.
skedaddle
First use appears c. 1861, in the New York Tribune. The word appeared and gained prominence in Civil War military contexts around 1861, and rapidly passing into more general use. Possibly an alteration of British dialect scaddle (“to run off in a fright”), from the adjective scaddle (“wild, timid, skittish”), from Middle English scathel, skadylle (“harmful, fierce, wild”), perhaps of North Germanic/Scandinavian origin, from Old Norse *sköþull; or from Old English *scaþol, *sceaþol (see scathel); akin to Old Norse skaði (“harm”). Possibly related to the Ancient Greek σκέδασις (skédasis, “scattering”), σκεδασμός (skedasmós, “dispersion”). Possibly related to scud or scat. It is possibly a corruption of "Let's get outa here".
Minos
From Ancient Greek Μῑ́νως (Mī́nōs).
magic cube
Calque of Hungarian bűvös kocka, the original name (according to Singmaster's Notes on Rubik's 'Magic Cube' and the Wikipedia page) for what later became known in Western markets as Rubik's cube.
adive
From Spanish adive, from Andalusian Arabic, from Arabic الذِّئْب (aḏ-ḏiʔb). Doublet of dieb..
Ahasuerus
From Hebrew אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ (Akhashverósh) from Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 (x-š-y-a-r-š-a /⁠xšayāršā⁠/, “ruler among kings”). Cognates include Xerxes from Ancient Greek Ξέρξης (Xérxēs), from the same Old Persian name.
posticipate
From the Latin verb posticipare, composed of post (“later, after”) + cipare (“as in cipere, to take part”).
gremolata
Borrowed from Italian gremolata, a variant of gremolada; originally from Lombard gremolà, gremolaa, gremolad. Compare Italian gramolata, from gramolare (“crush, grind, knead”).
baldacchin
Borrowed from French baldaquin, from Italian baldacchino, from Baldacca, a variant of Baghdad, where the material originally came from.
mysteriosophy
From Ancient Greek μυστήριον (mustḗrion, “mystery”) + -sophy (“knowledge or wisdom”).
pansophy
Originally from Ancient Greek pan- (“all”) + -sophy (“wisdom, knowledge”), then from Latin pansophia to English.