MarcusBennevall/EtymologyTaggerDataset huggingface dataset:
bug-a-boo
An earlier form was seen in buggybow, probably an alteration of bugbear (see bug), but connected by Chapman ("Dictionary of American Slang") with Bugibu, demon in the Old French poem Aliscans from 1141, which is perhaps of Celtic origin as a pagan god (compare Cornish buccaboo (“devil”), from bucca (“bogle, goblin”)). Alternatively, bug + a + boo. For a similar semantic development from a heathen god to demon to monster, compare etymology of French lutin.
brady-
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥dus
Ancient Greek βρᾰδῠ́ς (brădŭ́s)bor.
English brady-
From Ancient Greek βραδύς (bradús, “slow”).
staniel
From Middle English staniel (“bird of prey”), from Old English stānġilla, stānġella (“staniel, pelican”, literally “rock-crier”), from stān (“stone, rock”) + ġella (“yeller, crier”). More at stone, yell.
Digby
From Old English dīc (“dyke”) + Old Norse býr (“settlement”).
The town in Nova Scotia is named after admiral Robert Digby (1732 - 1815).
primigenial
From Latin primus (“first”) and genio (from generare (“to create”)), + -al.
antoeci
From the Latin antoecī, from the Ancient Greek ἄντοικοι (ántoikoi, “dwellers opposite”), from ἀντί (antí, “opposite”) + οἶκος (oîkos, “dwelling”).
sand eel
From Middle English sandeel, sandell, sandel, equivalent to sand + eel. Cognate with German Sandaal (“sand eel”), Danish sandål (“sand eel”).
actinost
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek ἀκτίς (aktís, “ray”) + ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”).
synantherology
From obsolete French synanthérées, itself derived from the synanthery unique to the family.
inurbane
From Latin inurbānus. By surface analysis, in- + urbane.
acrotomophilia
From the Ancient Greek ἀκρότομος (akrótomos, “having the top cut off”) + φιλία (philía).
kyogen
Borrowed from Japanese 狂言 (kyōgen), from Middle Chinese 狂言 (MC gjwang ngjon, “crazed ramblings”)), from 狂 (MC gjwang, “crazy, mad”) + 言 (MC ngjon, “speech”).
Tarascan
From Spanish tarasco + -an, from a Purepecha word meaning indistinctly “father-in-law” or “son-in-law”.
Sanhedrin
Borrowed from Hebrew סַנְהֶדְרִין (sanhedrín, “Sanhedrin”), from Ancient Greek συνέδριον (sunédrion, “sitting together, hence assembly or council”). Doublet of synedrion.
psilocin
Blend of translingual Psilocybe + -in, from Ancient Greek ψιλός (psilós, “smooth”).
Deng
Borrowed from Mandarin 鄧／邓 (Dèng).
cendol
Learned borrowing from Balinese ᬘᬾᬦ᭄ᬤᭀᬮ᭄ (céndol, “rice or sago syrup”) or Javanese ꦕꦺꦤ꧀ꦝꦺꦴꦭ꧀ (cèndhol, “protuberant”), from Old Javanese ceṇḍol.
First attested in the Tantri Demung found at Sidemen Karangasem district in Bali, 1728 AD, as ᬘᬾᬦ᭄ᬤᭀᬮ᭄ (céndol).
lapsang souchong
From Cantonese 立山小種 /立山小种 (laap⁶ saan¹ siu² zung², literally “Mt. Li (Lapu) sub-variety”).
yacca
Borrowed from Spanish yaca, from Taíno.
Transferred sense from Kaurna yagu (“pine gum”), referring to the resinous exudation from yacca trunks.
Heihe
From Mandarin 黑河 (Hēihé, literally “black river”) referring to the Amur.
yielder
From Middle English yeldere, ȝelder, ȝeldere, continuing (with change of suffix) Old English ġylda, ġilda (“one who pays, yielder”), from Proto-West Germanic *geldō (“payer”). Equivalent to yield + -er.
pyriformis
Unadapted borrowing from Latin pyrifōrmis, ellipsis of mūsculus pyrifōrmis (“pear-shaped muscle”). Doublet of pyriform.
piriformis
Unadapted borrowing from New Latin pirifōrmis, ellipsis of mūsculus pirifōrmis (“pear-shaped muscle”). Doublet of piriform.
rhytidome
From Ancient Greek ῥυτίδωμα (rhutídōma, “wrinkle”), from ῥυτιδόω (rhutidóō, “to wrinkle”), from ῥυτίς (rhutís, “wrinkle”).
Cordelia
Shakespeare's spelling of a historical British name appearing as Cordeilla, etc., possibly derived from the Latin saint's name Cordula.
limulus
Borrowed from Latin līmulus, from līmus + -ulus. By surface analysis, Latin lim(us) + -ulus.
peepul
Borrowed from Hindi पीपल / Urdu پیپل (pīpal), from Sanskrit पिप्पल (pippala). Doublet of falafel and pepper.
Arean
From Ares + -an under influence of Ancient Greek άρεος (áreos) and άρειος (áreios, “Martian, martial”). Cf. Arian.
Jiamusi
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 佳木斯 (Jiāmùsī)
Venerian
From Middle English venerien, either from Old French venerien or from Latin Venerius.
ophthalmia
From Medieval Latin obtalmia and Old French obtalmie, ultimately from Ancient Greek ὀφθαλμός (ophthalmós). Re-classicized from the Greek spelling, instead of archaic obtalmy (“eye inflammation, (also?) longsightedness”).
osmidrosis
From osmo- (“smell”) + hidrosis, from Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ) + Ancient Greek ἱδρώς (hidrṓs) + -osis.
ptyalin
From Ancient Greek πτύαλον (ptúalon, “saliva”).
kauri
Borrowed from Māori kauri from Proto-Polynesian *kauquli, from *kau (“tree”) + *quli (“black”), originally referring to Samoan ebony ("Diospyros samoensis").
tsukemono
Borrowed from Japanese 漬け物 (tsukemono, “pickles”).
alphos
From Latin alphos, from Ancient Greek ἀλφός (alphós, “dull white, used for some leprosy, psoriasis, etc.”).
Putre
From Spanish Putre, from Aymara puxtiri (“loud river”).
dicrotism
From di- + Ancient Greek κρότος (krótos, “a rattling, beating”) + -ism.
didymalgia
From Ancient Greek δίδυμος (dídumos, “twin”) + -algia.
diprosopus
From Ancient Greek πρόσωπον (prósōpon, “face”). By surface analysis, di- (“two”) + prosop- + Latin -us.
hematic
From Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma) + -tic.
hydatoid
From hydato- + -oid.
Hydat- is the stem of Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”).
iniencephaly
From Ancient Greek ἰνίον (iníon) + ἐγκέφαλος (enképhalos) + -y.
matrass
From Anglo-Norman matraz (“shaft, dart”), Middle French materas, from an unattested post-classical variant of Latin mataris, materis (“Gaulish throwing-spear”), from a Gaulish language.
From New Latin matracium and its source, Middle French matheras, matraz etc., either from Middle French materas (see Etymology 1, above), with reference to its shape, or from Arabic مطرة, مطارة (“leather bottle, vase”).
polymelia
From poly- + Ancient Greek μέλος (mélos, “limb”) + -ia.
forspeak
From Middle English forspeken (“to bewitch”), from Old English forspecan, forsprecan (“to speak in vain; to speak amiss; to denounce; to deny”); analysable as for- + speak.
sporule
From French sporule or Latin sporula; equivalent to spore + -ule.
stramonium
From New Latin stramonium, stramonia (attested since the 1540s), of unknown origin. (Compare Italian stramonio, attested since at least the 1560s.) The English word is attested since the 1660s. Some older dictionaries speculated that stramonium, as well as Russian дурма́н (durmán), might derive from a Turkic source like Tatar *turman (“medicine for horses”), but the Russian word is now thought to be an internal (native) formation, and the Tatar word, properly дәрман (därman, “remedy”), derives from Persian.
theriaca
From Late Latin theriaca, from Ancient Greek θηριακή (thēriakḗ, “of or related to poisonous reptiles”), from θηρίον (thēríon, “little beast”) + -κός (-kós), from θήρ (thḗr, “beast”) + -ίον (-íon, diminutive suffix). Doublet of theriac; compare treacle.
temporalis
Borrowed from Late Latin temporālis (“of or belonging to the temples of the head”), ellipsis of mūsculus temporālis (“the temporal muscle”). Doublet of temporal.
unnoteful
From Middle English unnoteful (“useless, unprofitable”), equivalent to un- + noteful.
onsen
From Japanese 温泉 (onsen), from Middle Chinese 溫泉 ('won dzjwen, “hot springs”), from 溫 /温 (wēn, “warm”) + 泉 (quán, “spring[s]”). Compare the modern Mandarin pronunciation 溫泉 /温泉 (wēnquán).
acanthion
From New Latin acanthion, from Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (ákantha, “thorn”) + -ion.
nagara
Ultimately derived from Arabic نَقَّارَة (naqqāra). Doublet of nacre, naqareh, and nagada.
From Ancient Greek Νάγαρα (Nágara).
unrestrainable
From Middle English unrestreynable; equivalent to un- + restrainable.
faujasite
Borrowed from French faujasite, named after Barthélemy Faujas de Saint-Fond (1741–1819), French geologist, by Alexis Damour, French mineralogist in 1842.
abaptiston
From Ancient Greek ἀβάπτιστος (abáptistos, “not dipped”).
senatrix
Learned borrowing from Latin senātrīx. By surface analysis, senator + -trix.
undersupport
Verb: from Middle English undersupporten, equivalent to under- + support.
wordhoard
A modern revival of Old English wordhord (“treasury of words”). Compare Dutch woordenschat, German Wortschatz. By surface analysis, word + hoard.
acardia
Borrowed from Late Latin acardia, formed on Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, “-less”) + κᾰρδῐ́ᾱ (kărdĭ́ā, “heart”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā, suffix forming abstract nouns). Equivalent to a- + -cardia.
orchitis
From orchi- (“testicular”) + -itis (“inflammation”), from Ancient Greek ὄρχις (órkhis, “testicle, ovary, orchid”).
bisson
From Middle English bisen, bisne (“blind, purblind”), from Old English bisene (“blind”), probably from bi- (“near”) + sīen (“sight”) in the sense of "near-sighted, short-sighted". Compare Dutch bijziende (“mole-eyed”), German beisichtig (“short-sighted”). More at by, see.
From French Bisson.
kayles
From Middle English keyles, plural of Middle English keyle (see Dutch kegel, German Kegel, Danish kegle, and Swedish kegla).
Wille zur Macht
Unadapted borrowing from German Wille zur Macht (“will to make/create/synthesize”).
libido dominandi
Unadapted borrowing from Latin libīdō dominandī (“lust for domination”). The term is taken from the first book of Saint Augustine's work De civitate Dei (published in 426).
Sybaris
Borrowed from Latin Sybaris, from Ancient Greek Σύβαρις (Súbaris).
cosmoi
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek κόσμοι (kósmoi), the nominative plural of κόσμος (kósmos) (whence cosmos).
sinfonietta
Either:
* from Italian sinfonietta;
* formed on the Italian roots sinfonia (“symphony”) + -etta (feminine diminutive suffix), either in English or in German (as Sinfonietta) and adopted thence; or,
* an alteration of the French symphoniette to resemble an Italian construction of the form sinfonia + -etta.
Compare the French–Italian hybrid symphonietta.
vesuvin
From German Vesuvin, from Vesuv (“Vesuvius”) + -in.
kotwal
Borrowed from Hindi कोतवाल (kotvāl); see there for more.
zaildar
Borrowed from Hindi ज़ैलदार (zaildār).
kiladar
Borrowed from Urdu قلعہ دار (qilādār).
faujdar
From Hindi फ़ौजदार (faujdār)/Urdu فوجدار, from Persian فوجدار (fowj-dâr), compound of فوج (fowj, “troop”) (from Arabic فَوْج (fawj, “group”)) and ـدار (-dâr).
lamprophyre
From Ancient Greek λαμπρός (lamprós, “bright”) + φύρω (phúrō, “to mix”).
lightsomeness
From Middle English lightsomnesse, equivalent to lightsome (“bright, radiant”) + -ness.
From Middle English lightsomnesse, equivalent to lightsome (“light in weight, light-hearted, easy”) + -ness.
telesm
From Byzantine Greek τέλεσμα (télesma). Doublet of talisman.
ductule
From New Latin ductulus, diminutive of Latin ductus. By surface analysis, duct + -ule.
vermiculation
Borrowed from Latin vermiculātiōnem, from vermiculor (“to be worm-eaten, to be wormy”) + -tiō (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or the results of actions) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tis (suffix forming abstract or action nouns from verb roots)). The Latin verb is from vermis (“worm”) (from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis (“worm”), possibly from *wer- (“to turn”)).
Bonifatius
From Late Latin Bonifātius, from bonus (“good”) + fātum (“fate”). See also Boniface.
HSK
Initials of Hanyu Pinyin for Mandarin 漢語水平考試／汉语水平考试 (Hànyǔ Shuǐpíng Kǎoshì).
fee tail
From Middle English fee taille, fetayll, from Anglo-Norman fee tailé, from Medieval Latin foedum talliātum.
farness
From Middle English fernesse, from Old English feornes (“farness, distance”), equivalent to far + -ness.
symphoniette
From the French symphoniette: first used in translation ante 1888, and for the name of an original composition in 1943.
Agrippa
From Latin Agrippa of uncertain origin. Possibly borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἀγρίππας (Agríppas) (compare Ancient Greek ἄγριππος (ágrippos)), although this is disputed since the name doesn't appear in Greek sources contemporary with the early Roman Republic, when such a praenomen was popular.
Zuckerman
From German Zuckermann Literally, “sugar man” (i.e. confectioner).
under the sun
From Middle English under þe sonne, under þe sunne (compare Old English under sunnan), a calque of Hebrew תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ (táchat hashémesh). The phrase has been associated with the book of Ecclesiastes ever since appearing 29 times in the translation to English by John Wycliffe https://www.biblegateway.com/quicksearch/?quicksearch=Under+the+sun&version=WYC
tapetum lucidum
From Latin tapētum (“tapestry”) and lūcidum (“bright, shining, clear”), the neuter of lūcidus, literally "bright tapestry".
horror autotoxicus
Latinate neologism coined c. 1900 by Paul Ehrlich in German, from Latin horror, auto- (“self”), toxicus (“toxic”). Compare horror vacui.
erythematosus
From Ancient Greek ἐρύθημα (erúthēma, “a redness or flush on the skin”), from ἐρυθρός (eruthrós, “red”).
The German form erythematodes is arguably the preferred correct form.
wels
From German Wels, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”).
atypia
From New Latin atypia, from a- + typus (English “type”) + -ia.
terebene
From French térébène, from térébinthe, from Old French terebinte. By surface analysis, terebinth + -ene. Piecewise doublet of terpene.
appress
An adaptation of appress-, the perfect passive participial stem of the Latin apprimō (“to press close to”).
nyotaimori
Borrowed from Japanese 女体盛り (nyotaimori, literally “female body serving”).
fatigable
Borrowed from French fatigable, from Latin fatīgābilis, from Latin fatīgō.
charkha
Borrowed from Hindustani چرخہ (carxa) / चरख़ा (carxā), from Classical Persian چرخ (čarx), from Middle Persian 𐫝𐫍𐫡 (chr /⁠čahr⁠/, “wheel, cycle”), from Proto-Iranian *čaxrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *čakrám, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlos (“wheel, circle”). Doublet of chakra, chakram, chukker, cycle, cyclus, kike, and wheel.
colchicum
Borrowed from translingual Colchicum, from Latin colchicum, from Ancient Greek κολχικόν (kolkhikón).
Rostov-on-Don
Calque of Russian Росто́в-на-Дону́ (Rostóv-na-Donú).
enanthem
From Ancient Greek ἐνανθέω (enanthéō), from ἐν- (en-, “in”) + ἀνθέω (anthéō, “to blossom”).
epact
From French épacte, from Latin epactae, from Ancient Greek ἐπακταί (epaktaí, “intercalary days”), feminine plural of ἐπακτός (epaktós, “brought on or in, added”).
mounture
From Middle English mounture, from Old French mounteure; equivalent to mount + -ure.
divellicate
First attested in 1638; borrowed from Latin dīvellicātus, perfect passive participle of dīvellicō (“to pluck asunder”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from dis- + vellicō, from vellō (“to pluck”).
winter melon
Calque of Chinese 冬瓜 (dōngguā).
Calque of French melon d'hiver.
hurter
Inherited from Middle English hurtour, from Middle French hurtoir (modern French heurtoir); equivalent to hurt + -or.
justiciary
From Late Latin justitiaria, justiciaria (“judgeship, judiciarship; court sessions”), justitiarius, and justiciarius (“justiciar, judge, justice [of the peace]; judiciary, related to justice”), all from Latin iūstitia (“justice”) + -āria (“-ary”). Paralleled in Middle English and Early Modern English by forms from Anglo-Norman justiserie (“judgeship, judiciarship”), from Anglo-Norman and Middle French justicerie (“judgeship; tribunal”), from justice + -ery. As a translation of various Continental European offices, via Middle French justicier, Spanish justiciero, etc.
justiciar
From Late Latin justitiarius and justiciarius (“justiciar, judge, justice [of the peace]; judiciary, related to justice”), from Latin iūstitia (“justice”) + -āria (“-ary”). As a translation of various Continental European offices, via Middle French justicier, Spanish justiciero, justicia mayor, etc.
keftedes
Borrowed from Greek κεφτέδες (keftédes).
dimidiation
Continuing the Middle English dimydicion (circa 1425, in an arithmetical sense), from the Late Latin dīmidiātiō.
malapertness
From Middle English malepertnesse; equivalent to malapert + -ness.
murmuration
1350–1400; Medieval Latin murmuratio (“murmuring, grumbling”). The “flock of starlings” sense is probably derived from the sound of the very large groups that starlings form at dusk.
platysma
Borrowed from New Latin platysma, from Ancient Greek πλᾰ́τῠσμᾰ (plắtŭsmă, “flat object”), from πλᾰτῠ́νω (plătŭ́nō, “widen”) + -μᾰ (-mă, “nominal suffix”).
Noemvriana
Transliteration of the Greek Νοεμβριανά (Noemvrianá).
principate
Learned borrowing from Latin prīncipātus, referring to the titles prīnceps senātūs (“first among senators”) and prīnceps cīvitātis (“first among citizens”), adopted by Octavian Caesar Augustus in order to preserve the illusion of formal continuance of some aspects of the Roman Republic.
sternocleidomastoid
Borrowed from New Latin sternocleidomastoīdēs, from Latin sternum (“the breastbone”) + Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “the collarbone”) + Latin mastoīdēs (“like a breast”), equivalent to sterno- + cleido- + mastoid.
townish
From Middle English townishe, townysche, equivalent to town + -ish.
daywork
From Middle English daywork, daywerk, from Old English dæġweorc, from Proto-West Germanic *dagawerk, from Proto-Germanic *dagawerką. By surface analysis, day + work.
foretoken
From Middle English foretokne, fortacne, from Old English foretācn, foretācen (“foretoken, presage, prognostic, prodigy, sign, wonder”), equivalent to fore- + token. Cognate with Dutch voorteken, German Low German Vörteken, German Vorzeichen.
From Middle English *foretoknen, fortaknen, from Old English foretācnian (“to foreshow”).
gnomonics
From Ancient Greek γνωμονικός (gnōmonikós, “concerning sundials”) (also attested as ἡ γνωμονική (hē gnōmonikḗ, “the art of making sundials”)).
indicatrix
Learned borrowing from Latin indicātrīx. By surface analysis, indicate + -trix.
Slavey
From French Esclave, a calque of a Cree name, as the Cree called these people (and several other traditional enemies) slaves. In English, the final e came to be pronounced as if Slave were a native name; this pronunciation was first written Slavé and later Slavey.
The names of the Slave River, Lesser Slave River, Great Slave Lake and Lesser Slave Lake do not necessarily derive from the people now known as Slavey in English.
nummulite
From French nummulite, and its source, Latin nummulus (“little coin”); and from scientific Latin Nummulites (genus name). By surface analysis, numm(us) + -ule + -ite.
provisor
From Latin prōvīsor, agent noun of prōvideō (“provide”).
resupinate
From Latin resupino, where the re- prefix occurs in its "back or backward" sense, not its "again" sense.
vardo
Borrowed from Angloromani vardo, from Romani vordon, borrowed from Iranian (compare Ossetian уӕрдон (wærdon)), from Proto-Iranian *wart- (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wart-, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn, rotate”).
Zimmermann
From German Zimmermann. Thus cognate with Zimmerer and analogous to Carpenter from carpenter.
Xanthe
From Ancient Greek Ξανθή (Xanthḗ, literally “blond-haired”), from ξανθός (xanthós, “yellow”).
withspeak
A revival of Middle English withspeken (“to speak against, contradict”), from Old English wiþsprecan (“to contradict, gainsay, revile”), from Proto-West Germanic *wiþisprekan, equivalent to with- + speak. Cognate with Old Frisian withspreka (“to disagree”), Saterland Frisian wierspreeke (“to contradict”), West Frisian wjersprekke (“to contradict”), Dutch weerspreken (“to contradict”), German widersprechen (“to contradict, gainsay”).
withsit
From Middle English withsitten (“to resist”), from with- (“against”) + sitten (“to be positioned, sit”). More at with-, sit.
Mudanjiang
From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 牡丹江 (Mǔdānjiāng).
beliven
From Middle English beliven, from Old English belifen, past participle of belīfan (“to remain”).
workly
From Middle English *workly, *werklich, from Old English *weorclīċ (“suitable for work”) (attested in unweorclīċ), equivalent to work + -ly. Compare Scots warkly (“diligent, industrious”), West Frisian werklik (“real, actual”), Dutch werkelijk (“real, actual, factual, effective”), German wirklich (“real, actual, true, substantial”), Hunsrik werklich, Swedish verklig (“real, actual, true”).
quantivalence
From Latin quantus (“how much”) + English -i- (interfix inserted between morphemes of Latin origin for ease of pronunciation) + Latin valentia (“bodily strength; health; vigour”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁- (“to rule; powerful, strong”)) + -ence (suffix meaning ‘having the condition or state of’), coined by F. O. Ward who communicated it to the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818–1892), leading him to coin the German word Quantivalenz from which valence is derived.
vomiturition
Borrowed from New Latin vomitūritiō (“nausea”), alteration of vomitiō (“a vomiting”).
thro
From Middle English thro, thra, from Old Norse þrár (“stubborn, obstinate, persevering”), from Proto-Germanic *þrawaz (“obstinate”), from Proto-Indo-European *ter- (“to grind, drill, turn”).
imprescriptible
From Middle French imprescriptible, corresponding to im- + prescriptible.
membraneous
From the Middle French membraneux, or the Classical Latin membrāneus (“made of parchment”, “consisting of or resembling a membrane”) or formed in English as: membrane + -eous.
hydatid
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὑδατίς (hudatís, “watery vesicle”).
chaturanga
From Sanskrit चतुरङ्ग (caturaṅga).
Bayoud disease
From Arabic أَبْيَض (ʔabyaḍ, “white”), in reference to the whitish discoloration of diseased fronds.
Manzhouli
Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 滿洲里 (Mǎnzhōulǐ).
Albina
From Latin Albina (name of a third-century martyr), feminine form of the Roman cognomen Albīnus, derivative of Latin albus (“white”).
agrypnia
From Ancient Greek ἀγρυπνία (agrupnía, “sleeplessness, vigilance”).
whirl-bone
From Middle English whirlebon, whyrlebone, whorlbane (“hip or hip joint; the thighbone, femur; the rounded head of the femur; the kneecap, patella; a vertebra; ankle”), perhaps an alteration of Old English hweorfbān (“a joint, kneecap, vertebra”), equivalent to whirl + bone. Cognate with Scots whorlebone, whorle-bane (“hip bone, joint, vertebra”), German Wirbelbein (“vertebra”).
zygomaticus
Unadapted borrowing from New Latin zygomaticus, clipping of mūsculus zygomaticus (“zygomatic muscle”). Doublet of zygomatic.
tinctura
From Latin tīnctūra. Doublet of tainture, teinture, and tincture.
charlock
From Middle English charlok, cherlok, from Old English ċyrlic, ċirlic, ċerlic. Further origin unknown.
Bowden
* As an English surname, from several places in England, derived from Old English boga (“bow”) + dun (“hill”).
* Also as an English surname, from Old English būfan dun (“above the hill”).
* As a Scottish surname, from the place in Roxburghshire from Old English bōthl (“dwelling house”) + denu (“valley”).
* As an Irish surname, Anglicized from Ó Buadáin (literally “descendant of Buadán”).
* Also as an English surname, variant of Bawden.
pursy
From Middle English pursyf (“short of breath, asthmatic”), probably from Old French pousser (“to push; to breathe with difficulty”); see French poussif (“wheezy”).
ungood
From Middle English ungod, from Old English ungōd, equivalent to un- (“not”) + good (adjective). Popularised by its appearance in Newspeak, a fictional language coined in Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), a dystopian novel by George Orwell.
From Middle English ungod (“evil”), equivalent to un- (“lack of”) + good (noun). Cognate with German Low German Ungood (“bad, evil”), German Ungüte (“ungood”).
kaffeeklatsch
Borrowed from German Kaffeeklatsch, 1877.
epagomenal
From Ancient Greek αἱ ἐπαγόμεναι (ἡμέραι) (hai epagómenai (hēmérai), “the five additional days of the calendar of the Egyptians”), from ἐπάγω (epágō, “I bring in”).
acritochromacy
From Ancient Greek ἄκριτος (ákritos, “indistinguishable”) + χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”) + -acy.
betell
From Middle English betellen (“to tell about, calumniate”), from Old English betellan (“to speak about, answer, defend oneself against a charge or accusation”), equivalent to be- (“about, concerning”) + tell.
rhegma
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ῥῆγμα (rhêgma, “breaking, fracture”). Doublet of regma.
Phan
Borrowed from Vietnamese Phan.
Borrowed from Hakka 潘 (pān).
From Thai พาน (paan).
custumal
Borrowed from Late Latin custumale (adjective, neuter form of custumalis), used as an adjectival noun. Attested to 1576.