### Human: What is the difference between dark matter and dark energy? ### Assistant: Dark energy is a placeholder for the unknown physical mechanism by which the expansion of our universe is accelerating. On the other hand, dark matter is the stuff making up most of the mass in our galaxies. So while dark energy is responsible for things moving apart, dark matter holds things together.


### Human: What animals can I see on safari? ### Assistant: Typically, you can spot a variety of wildlife on Safari. Depending on the region, you can see lions, giraffes, elephants, leopards, wild birds, and more. The most popular safaris are found in Africa, in countries like Tanzania, South Africa and Kenya.


### Human: What are some popular game shows that can be watched on TV? ### Assistant: Popular game shows that can be watched on TV are Jeopardy!, Family Feud, and The Price is Right.


### Human: Names some of the famous bravolebrities from Million Dollar Listing Los Angeles ### Assistant: Tracy Tutor, Josh Flagg, Heather Altman and Josh Altman


### Human: What is Python? ### Assistant: Python is a programming language that has a design emphasis on code readability and is strongly typed.  You can interact with this programming language through writing 'python code' using proper coding syntax and semantics.  The code that is written can be used to build tools, applications, websites, and streaming services.  You can also automate tasks with python, analyze data, and perform machine learning and data science.


### Human: what does it mean to have brunette hair? ### Assistant: A person with brunette hair, or a brunette, is a person with brown or black hair color. People typically fall into the category of blonde, brunette, and red hair. It is sometimes misconceived to be only brown hair but it signifies all darker hair including black hair color.


### Human: What is the difference between a frog and a toad? ### Assistant: Frogs generally have smooth moist skin while Toads generally have bumpy dry skin.


### Human: What did George Dantzig develop? ### Assistant: Dantzig is known for his development of the simplex algorithm, an algorithm for solving linear programming problems, and for his other work with linear programming. In statistics, Dantzig solved two open problems in statistical theory, which he had mistaken for homework after arriving late to a lecture by Jerzy Neyman.


### Human: What nationality and percentage were forced into internment camps? ### Assistant: Japanese Americans ethnic group were forced into internment camps. Around 70% of Japanese Americans were impacted by this.


### Human: What modern city used to be known as New Amsterdam? ### Assistant: The modern city used to be known as New Amsterdam was founded in 1626, when the Dutch West India Company established a trading post at the tip of Manhattan Island. The city was renamed New York in 1664.


### Human: What is the Internet of Things (IoT)? ### Assistant: The Internet of Things (IoT) is a collection of physical objects (with sensors) that send and receive data via the internet or a private network. Over the past few years we have seen IoT becoming more relevant as more internet-enabled devices have been released to the market. Companies in different industries can use device sensors and IoT to, for example, predict equipment failures, increase productivity and efficiency of business operations, monitor human health via wearable devices, optimize track delivery routes, etc. IoT and IoT analytics applications are expected to continue to grow over the next few years as hardware becomes cheaper and more ML/AI services are developed to process the data generated by those devices.


### Human: Who is the star of the movie Breakfast at Tiffany's? ### Assistant: Audrey Hepburn starred in Breakfast at Tiffany's


### Human: What is a GPU? ### Assistant: A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is a specialized processor designed for processing graphical data. It is commonly found in video games consoles, computer monitors, and other graphics-intensive applications. GPUs are able to perform more complex operations than CPUs (Central Processing Units) and are more efficient at rendering and manipulating graphics.


### Human: What are some typical characteristics of a Persian cat? ### Assistant: Persian cats generally tend to be medium-sized cats with long-haired, fluffy coats, small, rounded ears, flatter faces, and small noses. They also have round heads and have the appearance of bigger eyes.


### Human: What is EDM? ### Assistant: EDM or Electronic Dance Music is a genre of Electronic music that is typically played at clubs, bars, pubs, and parties for groovy people to dance to while they have a great time.


### Human: What is calcium chloride? ### Assistant: Calcium Chloride is an inorganic salt used as an electrolyte in bottled water.  Calcium chloride ingested in large amounts can cause health problems, but the trace amounts found in your water bottles is safe.  They regulate fluid levels in the body, keep the blood’s pH level balanced and enable muscle contractions like the beating of your heart.


### Human: What is the difference between a kidnapping and a vacation? ### Assistant: A kidnapping is when someone is abducted against their will, whereas a vacation is when someone takes time away from their work or school, typically choosing to travel somewhere for pleasure.


### Human: What is Barkers Butts RFC? ### Assistant: Barkers Butts RFC (Rugby Football Club) is a rugby union club in the north west of Coventry, England. It is over 75 years old and operates four senior teams including a ladies team, a Colts team, a full range of boy and girls teams from Under 6s to Under 16s. The first XV currently play in Midlands 2 West (South), a seventh tier league in the English rugby union system.

When the league system was established in 1987, Barkers Butts was placed in the fifth tier, playing in Midlands 1 and were runners up in the first season (1987-88). They finished in second place twice more (1990–91 and 1992–93) but were relegated from tier 5, then called Courage League Division 5, after the 1994-95 season. Subsequently, they have alternated between the sixth and seventh levels.

Barkers Butts has produced several notable international players including one World Cup winner in Neil Back. Other recent mens' internationals include Tom Wood and Jim Hamilton. Barkers currently have two players in the England Women U20s squad.


### Human: Where is Budhor Kalan ### Assistant: Budhor Kalan is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Berasia tehsil.

Demographics
According to the 2011 census of India, Budhor Kalan has 144 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 66.83%.


### Human: What are common metrics used to measure the market value of a company? ### Assistant: Common metrics used to measure the market value of a company are:
1. Revenue
2. Free cash flow
3. Net income
4. Revenue growth rate
5. Free cash flow growth rate
6. Operating margin


### Human: Is a Hot dog a sandwich? ### Assistant: Technically a sandwich is defined as being made from 2 slices of some sort of bread or a split in half roll. By that definition, yes a hotdog is a sandwich.

This is however an extremely contentious subject that many dispute.


### Human: What does CEO stand for ### Assistant: Chief Executive Officer


### Human: What are the differences between a ukulele and guitar? ### Assistant: While a ukulele looks like a smaller version of a guitar, there are some notable differences.

A guitar has 6 strings and a ukulele has 4 strings. Because of this, the sound range of a ukulele is narrower than a guitar.

Looking from the front of a guitar, the thickness of the strings increases gradually from right to left. For a ukulele, the two outmost strings are the thinnest and the second left string is the thickest.

A ukulele is much smaller in the size, making it one of the most popular beginner instrument for kids.


### Human: What is a sandworm? ### Assistant: A sandworm is a creature described by Frank Herbert in his science-fiction book Dune. Sandworms are huge and aggressive and live in the sand seas of planet Arrakis.


### Human: When was Amsterdam founded? ### Assistant: Amsterdam was founded in the late 13th century.


### Human: Is tap water safe to drink in Japan? ### Assistant: Yes, tap water is safe to drink in Japan.


### Human: Who was Catelyn Stark originally betrothed to marry? ### Assistant: Catelyn Stark (nee Tully) was supposed to marry Brandon Stark, the heir to Winterfell, but Brandon was killed by the Mad King and instead, Catelyn married the next in line to the Winterfell claim, Eddard Stark.


### Human: What is Christmas? ### Assistant: Christmas is a Christian holiday that represents when Jesus was born.  This holiday is celebrated on December 25 every year.  Church's will have a manger setup with figures showing what the birth of Christ would have looked like thousands of years ago.  The figures represented would be the wise men, mary, joseph, and Jesus in the manger.  The wise men were led to the manger of Jesus by following a star in the sky.  Billions of people all over the world celebrate this holiday every year.


### Human: What genres of music were popular in the late 1990s? ### Assistant: In the late 90s, there were a few dominant genres of popular music: boy bands and the so-called "Latin Explosion." Boy bands usually consisted of 5 members, each with a distinct "look" that's desirable to a range of (usually) teenage girl fans. Their songs were usually "bubblegum pop" or love songs, all with catchy hooks or choruses. Popular groups in the late 90s were the Backstreet Boys, *NSync, 98 Degrees, and O-Town. "Latin Explosion" artists were Hispanic/Latino or of Hispanic/Latino descent and the songs sometimes featured Spanish words or phrases, along with Latino beats in otherwise standard pop music arrangements. Some popular acts include Ricky Martin, Jennifer Lopez, Marc Anthony, and Enrique Igelsias.


### Human: Name some of the most popular TV shows of the 2010s ### Assistant: Some of the most popular TV shows in the 2010s include Breaking Bad, Game of Thrones, Peaky Blinders, Succession or Better Call Saul


### Human: Which Targaryen has the dragon Rhaegal named after him? ### Assistant: Rhaegal is named for Rhaegar Targaryen, Daenerys Targaryen's eldest brother.


### Human: How does the train work? ### Assistant: How Does An Electric Locomotive Work:
Electric locomotives use electricity from overhead wires to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, making them lighter, faster, and quieter than steam or diesel engines.

How Does a Diesel Locomotive Work:
Diesel-electric locomotives provide cheaper upfront costs and improved reliability.

Train wheels are conical, allowing them to travel a longer distance while turning at the same speed as the inner wheel. The wheel on the left is positioned further out from the center of the axle than the right, which is beneficial for stability and comfort of the passengers. Railways have wide curves due to the "flange" of the wheel limiting lateral movement. Distance between tracks must be greater than wheel flanges to allow wheels to move laterally in curves, reducing efficiency and comfort. The "nominal gauge" of a railway is defined for the straight section and widened in curves to allow the train to tilt.


### Human: What were some historical reasons for the invention of pad thai? ### Assistant: The dish was invented in part to help Thailand develop a national identity, and also to promote consumption of noodles to alleviate rice shortages during world war 2.


### Human: The BCG vaccine has proved quite effective against which infection ### Assistant: SAR infection


### Human: What is positive cash flow? ### Assistant: Positive cash flow is when a business has more money coming in than going out. It is a measure of profitability and can be calculated by subtracting expenses from revenues.


### Human: Who was the first woman to finish the Boston Marathon? ### Assistant: Roberta Gibbs ran the 1966 Boston Marathon and was the first woman to finish it. At the time, women were not qualified to run in marathons, so she dressed up as a man and waited in the sidelines until about half the runners had already started then jumped in to join the pack.


### Human: What is geodesy? ### Assistant: Geodesy is the science of measuring and representing the geometry, gravity, and spatial orientation of the Earth in temporally varying 3D. It is called planetary geodesy when studying other astronomical bodies, such as planets or circumplanetary systems.

Geodynamical phenomena, including crustal motion, tides, and polar motion, can be studied by designing global and national control networks, applying space geodesy and terrestrial geodetic techniques, and relying on datums and coordinate systems. The job titles are geodesist and geodetic surveyor.


### Human: When did the American Civil War end? ### Assistant: The American Civil War formally concluded on August 20, 1866 when President Andrew Johnson issued a proclamation declaring that civil authority was restored in all of the states.


### Human: Who Invented the Zamboni ### Assistant: A zamboni is also known as an ice resurfacer.   It was invented in 1949 in California, by Frank Zamboni.  Zamboni was an American inventor and engineer.   His inspiration came from the fact that he owned an ice skating rink in California and the process to resurface the ice was very time consuming.   Through his refrigeration background during the years of 1941-1947 he began working on the first prototype.


### Human: In Berkeley, how do parents select their public middle school? ### Assistant: The Berkeley Unified Public Schools assign children to their middle school based on the location of their home.


### Human: Best places to visit in India During Winter to experience Snowfall ### Assistant: Kashmir, Manali, Shimla, Sikkim, Tawang


### Human: Astronomers are finding new planets every day. There could be potentially billions of planetary systems in the universe. Compare the these discovered planetary systems with our own Solar system. ### Assistant: One major difference between our Solar System and distant planet systems appears to be the eccentricities of those planet’s orbits. Planets in our Solar System have more or less circular orbits (with eccentricities < 10% from a perfect circular orbit), while exoplanets have up to 50% eccentricities. Exoplanets with high eccentricties may not be stable over the long-term. Another difference is that the most common size of exoplanets is super earth (that is 2-3x size of earth) while our solar system does not have any super earths.


### Human: What causes global warming? ### Assistant: Global warming is caused by the release of greenhouses gases into the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap the heat from the sun and lead to an overall increase in temperature on the planet. Greenhouse gases are mostly produced by burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas. Deforestation is also a contributing factor to global warming since trees capture carbon from the atmosphere when growing, so cutting them down or burning them both releases carbon they’ve been storing, as well as removes their ability to clean the air.


### Human: What are the most common meals? ### Assistant: The most common meals are breakfast, lunch and dinner.  Breakfast is eat when a person wakes up, lunch is eaten in the afternoon after 4 - 5 hours of being awake, and dinner is eaten in the evening before bed time.  Each of the meals is important to give the body energy to be able to function during the day.  Skipping meals is a form of fasting, and this is very common in certain cultures and certain religions too.  Eating in between meals is not a meal but a form of snacking.


### Human: What is the square root of 25? ### Assistant: The square root of 25 is 5.


### Human: Who won the Second World War? ### Assistant: There are no real winners in war, but the Second World War concluded with the liberation of German and Japanese occupied territories by the western allies (primarily the USA and Great Britain) and the Soviet Union.


### Human: Who produced the album Exit the Dragon ### Assistant: Exit the Dragon is the fifth album by American alternative rock group Urge Overkill, released in 1995. Exit the Dragon is characterized as being a darker album than their previous album, Saturation. It was their final album until 2011 saw the release of Rock & Roll Submarine, sixteen years after Exit the Dragon.


### Human: Name five Shakespeare plays or dramas. ### Assistant: Shakespeare has written approximately 39 dramatic works and collaborated on many more. His most renowned five dramas and plays include:
A Midsummer Night's Dream
Hamlet
Romeo and Juliet
Macbeth
Julius Caesar


### Human: is HR a great career ### Assistant: yes


### Human: Who is the founder of the Pilates method? ### Assistant: The Pilates method was founded by Joseph Pilates in the 1920s and 30s.  This exercise method was built around apparatus that Joseph created while interned with German prisoners in WWI England.  The apparatus contained springs and pulleys and were designed to promote rehabilitation through whole-body movement and complete muscular control.


### Human: Name some famous hindi film actresses ### Assistant: Here is a list of some famous hindi actresses  - Priyanka Chopra, Aishwarya Rai, Deepika Padukone, Alia Bhatt, Anushka Sharma and Katrina Kaif


### Human: Name different kinds of cheese ### Assistant: mozzarella, cheddar, gorgonzola, swiss, bleu, provolone, gouda, pepper jack, parmesan, cottage, asiago, brie, devil's gulch, ricotta, Gruyère, stilton, feta, & havarti


### Human: What coloring of cat is almost always female? ### Assistant: Calico cats are almost always female.


### Human: What is photosynthesis? ### Assistant: Photosynthesis is a process in plants that converts energy from light into chemical energy.


### Human: What is an adjustable rate mortgage? ### Assistant: A mortgage whose interest rate and monthly payments vary throughout the life of the loan


### Human: What is the difference between a Fender Strat and Gibson Les Paul guitar? ### Assistant: The main difference is the pickups used in each of these guitars. Fender Strat has single coil pickups which give it a brighter sound while the Gibson Les Paul uses humbucker pickups which give it a more thicker, deeper sound. Eric Clapton mostly uses Strats while Slash of Guns and Roses fame uses a les paul.


### Human: What city in Mexico is often referred to as San Pancho? ### Assistant: San Francisco


### Human: What were the reasons for Enzo Ferrari to leave Alfa Romeo and start his own auto company? ### Assistant: In 1937 Enzo Ferrari quit Alfa-Romeo under agreement that he could not race or design anything under his name for four years. During World War II, Ferrari's company was forced to undertake war production for Mussolini's fascist government, thus supplying auto parts for the Italian military.


### Human: Why some believe that continuous optimisation problems might be easier to solve than discrete optimisation problems? ### Assistant: Some believe that continuous optimisation problems might be easier to solve than their discrete counterparts, owing to the smoothness of the objective functions, which allows the use of calculus techniques. In general, calculus techniques mean to use objective and constraint information at a particular point x, to deduce information about the behaviour of the objective function at all surrounding points close to x. The deduced information is then used to guide the search direction. In contrast, combinatorial optimisation problems are to some extent harder to solve than continuous ones. This is because the behaviour of the objective and constraints may change significantly as we move from one feasible point to another, even if the two points are close according to some measure. Thus it is usually not possible to deduce information about the neighbouring points from the current one.


### Human: List five titles by Kevin Kwan. ### Assistant: Sex and Vanity, Crazy Rich Asians, China Rich Girlfriend, Rich People Problems, Luck: The Essential Guide


### Human: At what age should I get a shingles vaccine? ### Assistant: The US CDC recommends adults at the age of 50 or older receive a singles vaccine, but adults at the age of 19 or older are also recommended to get one if they have a weakened immune system.


### Human: When was the first iPhone released to the public? ### Assistant: June 29, 2007


### Human: What is the Evergreen Game? ### Assistant: The Evergreen Game is a famous chess game won by Adolf Anderssen against Jean Dufresne in 1852.


### Human: The highest civilian honour of Ladakh dPalr Ngam Duston was given to ### Assistant: Dalai Lama


### Human: Which episode of Game of Thrones does Dany go to the House of the Undying? ### Assistant: Daenerys Targaryen visits the House of the Undying in season two, episode five ("Harrenhal")


### Human: What is gortext? ### Assistant: Gortex is a waterproof fabric that breaths well, which makes it effective clothing for vigorous activities in cold and wet conditions.


### Human: Tracey and Hepburn first film in 1942 was what ### Assistant: Woman of the Year


### Human: What is the Taylor rule? ### Assistant: The Taylor rule is a monetary policy targeting rule. The rule was proposed in 1992 by American economist John B. Taylor for central banks to use to stabilize economic activity by appropriately setting short-term interest rates. The rule considers the federal funds rate, the price level and changes in real income. The Taylor rule computes the optimal federal funds rate based on the gap between the desired (targeted) inflation rate and the actual inflation rate; and the output gap between the actual and natural output level. According to Taylor, monetary policy is stabilizing when the nominal interest rate is higher/lower than the increase/decrease in inflation. Thus the Taylor rule prescribes a relatively high interest rate when actual inflation is higher than the inflation target.


### Human: What is the triple crown of baseball? ### Assistant: The triple crown is a rare feat accomplished in baseball when an individual player finishes the season with the American or National league lead in Home Runs, RBIs (runs batted in) and Batting Average.  There have been 14 triple crown winners all time in baseball.


### Human: Who was Arseny Bibikov ### Assistant: Arseny Nikolayevich Bibikov (1873 — 1927) was a writer, film and stage actor, poet. Bibikov played in almost 50 films.


### Human: What is Prometheus? ### Assistant: Prometheus is an open-source system for monitoring services and alerts based on a time series data model. Prometheus collects data and metrics from different services and stores them according to a unique identifier—the metric name—and a time stamp.


### Human: What is the difference between a guitar and a bass ### Assistant: A guitar is a musical instrument that generally houses six strings, while a bass usually has four much thicker strings. A bass guitar outputs lower frequency notes, while a regular guitar can play a wider variety of tones.


### Human: What are the top 3 largest countries by territory? ### Assistant: Russia, Canada and China


### Human: How many canals are in Amsterdam? ### Assistant: There are a total of 14 canals in Amsterdam, including the Singel, Herengracht, Keizersgracht, and Prinsengracht canals.


### Human: Van Halen famously banned what color M&Ms in their rider? ### Assistant: Brown.


### Human: what is the number of US house of representatives? ### Assistant: 435


### Human: What is XML? ### Assistant: Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing arbitrary data. It defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable.


### Human: Queen Elizabeth II closed coffin was adorned with several interesting objects and symbols including what? ### Assistant: Personal flag, the Royal Standard Flag, crown jewels Orb and Sceptre


### Human: Name a famous silent comedy film ### Assistant: Andersson's Kalle (Swedish: Anderssonskans Kalle) is a 1922 Swedish silent comedy film directed by Sigurd Wallén and starring Gösta Alexandersson, Dagmar Ebbesen and Stina Berg. It is based on the 1901 novel of the same title by Emil Norlander, which has been adapted into films on several occasions. It was followed by a sequel New Pranks of Andersson's Kalle in 1923. In 1934 Wallén remade it into a sound film.


### Human: What is the Shiba Inu ### Assistant: The Shiba Inu is a breed of hunting dog from Japan. A small-to-medium breed, it is the smallest of the six original and distinct spitz breeds of dog native to Japan. Its name literally translates to "brushwood dog", as it is used to flush game.


### Human: What is the study of flags called? ### Assistant: The Study of Flags Is Called Vexillology. Vexillology as a word is derived from the Latin vexillum, a term used by the Romans to refer to a kind of standard with a fabric hung from a horizontal crossbar on a pole. It is the nearest equivalent in the classical languages to what we call a flag today.


### Human: In what month did the Russian October revolution take place ### Assistant: November


### Human: What does “that’s sus” mean? ### Assistant: “Sus” is slang for “suspicious” or “suspect” and the phrase is used by young people to express skepticism, as in “that new kid who started a fight is sus.”


### Human: What is the name of Portland, Oregon's light rail system? ### Assistant: MAX Light Rail


### Human: What is SSO? ### Assistant: Single sign-on (SSO) is an authentication scheme that allows a user to log in with a single ID to any of several related, yet independent, software systems. True single sign-on allows the user to log in once and access services without re-entering authentication factors.


### Human: How deep can the roots of Big Bluestem grass go into the ground? ### Assistant: In ideal conditions, the roots of Big Bluestem grass can go six to seven feet deep.


### Human: What are the most abundant greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere ### Assistant: The most abundant greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere, listed in decreasing order:

Water vapor
Carbon dioxide
Methane
Nitrous oxide
Ozone
Chlorofluorocarbons
Hydrofluorocarbons
Perfluorocarbons


### Human: Who was the first man in space ### Assistant: Yuri Gagarin


### Human: Who is the author of books "It Starts With Us" and "It Ends With Us"? ### Assistant: Colleen Hoover is the author of bestselling books "It Starts With Us" and "It Ends With Us".


### Human: What are the types of space objects ? ### Assistant: The International Astronomical Union (IAU) classifies objects in the Solar system into 3 categories :
1. Planet : a celestial body orbiting the Sun, with enough mass to assume a (nearly round) hydrostatic equilibrium shape, and that has "cleared the neighbourhood" around its orbit,
2. Dwarf planet : a celestial body orbiting the Sun, with enough mass to assume a (nearly round) hydrostatic equilibrium shape, but that has not "cleared the neighbourhood" around its orbit and is not a satellite,
3. Small Solar System Bodies : all other objects orbiting the sun that are not satellites.

Small Solar System Bodies of the Solar system include :
- Moons : celestial bodies that orbit a planet or a dwarf planet,
- Asteroids : rocky non-spherical left-over objects from the early formation of the Solar system. They travel around the sun and most of them are located within the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter,
- Comets : icy bodies that can also contain minerals, rocks and dust left over from the formation of the solar system. They travel around the sun and can be found mostly beyond Neptune in the Kuiper Belt, as well as far beyond Pluto in the Oort cloud,
- Meteoroids : objects in space that often come from other larger bodies such as comets, asteroids or even moons and planets. Meteoroids can be rocky, others can be metallic, or combinations of both. Their sizes range from dust grains to small asteroids.


### Human: What is C#? ### Assistant: C# (pronounced C sharp)is a general-purpose high-level programming language supporting multiple paradigms. C# encompasses static typing, strong typing, lexically scoped, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines.


### Human: Can AI systems fall in love? ### Assistant: AI, unlike humans, has no emotions or feelings. It does, however, have the unique ability to perceive and analyze human sentiments from vast amounts of data on which it has been trained. It can even outperform humans when it comes to mimicking and reproducing these emotions in a more efficient and effective manner. While AI does not experience emotions in the same way that humans do, it is still capable of understanding and replicating them in a remarkable and unprecedented way.


### Human: How spicy is the hottest peppers ### Assistant: The hottest pepper is the ghost pepper with a measure of a million scoville units.


### Human: Explain in few words how traditional exploratory data analysis (in statistics) is different from machine learning? ### Assistant: An important general difference in the focus and purpose between machine learning and the traditional Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) is that machine learning is more oriented towards applications than explaining the basic nature of the underlying phenomena. Machine Learning is relatively less concerned with identifying the specific relations between the involved variables. For example, uncovering the nature of the underlying functions or the specific types of interactive, multivariate dependencies between variables are not the main goal of machine learning. Instead, the focus is on producing a solution that can generate useful predictions. Machine Learning accepts among others a "black box" type approach to data exploration or knowledge discovery and uses not only the traditional Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) techniques, but also such techniques as Neural Networks which can generate valid predictions but are not capable of identifying the specific nature of the interrelations between the variables on which the predictions are based.


### Human: What was Britain's first colony (annexed in 1583) ### Assistant: Newfoundland


### Human: What are top JavaScript frameworks? ### Assistant: - React
- Angular
- Vue.js
- Next.js
- Svelte


### Human: Who was the first person to do spacewalk? ### Assistant: Alexei Leonov, a soviet cosmonaut was the first person to do spacewalk


### Human: How data engineers are different from software engineers? ### Assistant: Data engineers build data systems and databases while software engineers create applications, software, and other products.


### Human: Who created the musical genre metal? ### Assistant: The creation of metal is often attributed to the band Black Sabbath. Specifically, the feel and sound of metal come from their guitarist, Tony Iommi. War Pigs is a great song of theirs which shows the feel and sound of early metal.

Fans of metal are often referred to as metalheads. Though its appearance and lyrics can be dark, metal actually has some of the more happiest fans of any musical genres. There have been studies on this proving this to be true; often citing the catharsis that is achieved via the expression of negative emotion.


### Human: Who invented SQL? ### Assistant: SQL was invented by Don Chamberlain at IBM early in the 1970s. It was originally named SEQUEL, which is why to this day, SQL is generally pronounced as "sequel".


### Human: Who was the first person to have more than 100 million likes on Facebook? ### Assistant: Shakira is the first person to have more than 100 million likes on Facebook.


### Human: Why is my car making a clicking sound when I try to start it? The lights are turning on for a little bit but the engine is not turning over. ### Assistant: It could be your battery, especially if you have left a light on overnight, or had the key in auxiliary mode for sometime as both of those will drain even a new batter in a short amount of time. If your battery is new you may be able to have it charged, but if your battery is older than 3 years you will probably need a new battery.


### Human: Why does it rain? ### Assistant: Rain is droplet of water falling from the sky. In the water life cycle, water from water bodies on earth evaporates and become clouds. The water droplets in the cloud coalesce and get bigger. When clouds become saturated, or get bigger and bigger, that the air can no longer hold it, they fall down as rain.


### Human: What are the 3 largest oil companies? ### Assistant: The 3 largest oil companies are Saudi Aramco, ExxonMobil, and Chevron.


### Human: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Florent? ### Assistant: Florys the Fox, who is sibling to the founders of House Gardener and House Beesbury


### Human: What is the benefit of turmeric ### Assistant: Fights against Alzheimer's disease, and certain types of cancer, Acts as an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial, Enhances digestion and prevents the cold and flu.


### Human: Why everyone doesn't see solar eclipse when it occurs? ### Assistant: You have to be in the moon's darkest shadow (umbra). This place is small, so other areas around the world won't see it.


### Human: Why is the Pacific NorthWest so unique? ### Assistant: The Pacific NorthWest (PNW) is indeed a unique location for living. It combines several good qualities including job opportunities, outdoor activities and amazing scenery.

The PNW is also home for a lot of transplants from other locations bringing together very diverse and rich cultures.


### Human: What date was the Men's Madison Competition at the 2018 UCI Track Cycling World Championships? ### Assistant: The Men's madison competition at the 2018 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was held on 4 March 2018.


### Human: What is abstract class? ### Assistant: A generic class that is used only as a template for derived classes, and
that cannot be instantiated.


### Human: Who is the greatest physicist of all time? ### Assistant: There have been many great physicists over the years, and while it's not possible to say with certainty who was the 'greatest', Isaac Newton and Albert Einstein are very strong contenders for that title.

Isaac Newton (1642-1746) was an English physicist and mathematician  most famous for inventing calculus, classical mechanics. His three laws of classical mechanics successfully predicted the behavior of solid bodies across all observable scales - from the motion of planets to falling apples. For over 250 years his laws were applied with greater and greater precision, always giving the correct answers.

However, in the late 1800s physicists struggled to reconcile measurements of the speed of light with Newton's laws. This one of the observations that led to Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity.

Albert Einstein (1879-1955) was a German-born physicist who revolutionized our understanding of space, time and matter with his theories of relativity and quantum mechanics. His theories of special and general relativity changed our understanding of space and time and successfully explained the motion of light and the behavior of gravity.  His theories of quantum mechanics likewise revolutionized our understand of the sub-atomic world.

In addition to Newton and Einstein there are many other physicists who made groundbreaking discoveries,  including Galileo Galilei, James Clerk Maxwell,  Marie Curie, Neils Bohr, Richard Feynman, and Stephen Hawking.


### Human: What are the similarities between buns, pizza, and taco? ### Assistant: They are all traditional foods of various peoples. Many peoples have invented similar food in history. It contains the three major nutrients necessary for human beings, carbohydrates, protein and fat, and can be prepared and eaten relatively quickly. This was crucial to the workers and farmers in ancient times.


### Human: What is the difference between an adverb and adjective? ### Assistant: An adjective describes an item, whereas an adverb modifies a verb


### Human: What is the significance of the moon's hidden face? ### Assistant: The Moon's hidden face is the hemisphere of this satellite that is not visible from Earth because the Moon always shows the same face. This is because the moon takes the same amount of time to rotate on its own axis (rotation) as it does to orbit the Earth (translation). Tidal coupling is the term used to describe this phenomenon. The first images of the Moon's far side were sent by the Soviet spacecraft Luna 3, the third spacecraft launched to the Moon, on October 7, 1959.


### Human: What was the tagline on The X-Files episode "Anasazi"? ### Assistant: The tagline "Éí 'Aaníígóó 'Áhoot'é" replaced the usual tagline of "The Truth is Out There" on the season 2 episode entitled "Anasazi." The phrase translated to "the truth is out there" in Navajo.


### Human: What is a kidney transplant? ### Assistant: A kidney transplant is a medical procedure during which a healthy kidney is removed from either a living or deceased donor and given to a patient without a any healthy kidneys.


### Human: What is the Simpson family dog named? ### Assistant: Santa's little helper


### Human: Is the Earth round? ### Assistant: The planet Earth is generally considered to be round, although it is not a perfect sphere. The poles are slightly depressed, making the Earth slightly thicker around the equator.


### Human: When does the world  celebrates  Hindi diwas every year ### Assistant: On January 10


### Human: How can you make a science fair volcano? ### Assistant: A simple way to create a volcano for a science fair is to use the reaction of baking soda and vinegar colored with red food dye. When combined, these two chemicals will fizz and bubble in a safe but visually appealing reaction.


### Human: Which USA Women's world cup player famously celebrated a goal by miming a tea sip? ### Assistant: Alex Morgan


### Human: Who was Calvin Parker MacDonald ### Assistant: Calvin Parker MacDonald (June 14, 1933 — August 17, 2017) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who played for five National Hockey League teams between 1953 and 1969. He later coached the Minnesota North Stars and the Los Angeles Kings.


### Human: What is a Central Bank? ### Assistant: A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages the currency and monetary policy of a country or monetary union, and oversees their commercial banking system. In contrast to a commercial bank, a central bank possesses a monopoly on increasing the monetary base. Most central banks also have supervisory and regulatory powers to ensure the stability of member institutions, to prevent bank runs, and to discourage reckless or fraudulent behavior by member banks.


### Human: What are the four major tournaments in professional golf? ### Assistant: The four major tournaments in professional golf are the Masters, PGA Championship, Open Championship, and U.S. Open.


### Human: Why Linux fails as a desktop? ### Assistant: Linux has been criticized for a number of reasons, including lack of user-friendliness and having a steep learning curve, being inadequate for desktop use, lacking support for some hardware, having a relatively small games library, lacking native versions of widely used applications.


### Human: If I wanted to travel the world, would it be faster to travel by air or sea? ### Assistant: Generally, you can travel faster by air than sea.


### Human: Define unemployment and how it is expressed in most countries. ### Assistant: Percentage of total workforce who are unemployed and are actively seeking a paid job.
Unemployment rate (# of unemployed / # in labor force) = %
Unemployment rate is one of the most closely watched statistics because a rising rate is seen as a sign of weakening economy that may call for cut in interest rate. A falling rate, similarly, indicates a growing economy which is usually accompanied by higher inflation rate and may call for increase in interest rates.


### Human: How is a distiller used? ### Assistant: A distiller is used in the production of alcohol or hard liquor.  It works by using heat to cause evaporation and condensation with a source substance.  If you take water for example, distilling happens when you heat the water and then it evaporates into steam and then the steam is re-condensed.  This re-condensed steam is distilled water.  This same process can be applied to other raw foods than have been fermenting to produce clear alcohol.


### Human: What is "Scandoval?" ### Assistant: "Scandoval" is a term coined to describe the interpersonal relationship drama between multiple cast members on the reality show Vanderpump Rules (VPR). It combines the word "scandal" with the surname of the main perpetrator, Tom Sandoval. Tom Sandoval, a sometime bartender and longtime cast member on VPR, had an affair on his girlfriend of 8 years, fellow bartender and cast member Ariana Maddox, with Raquel Leviss. Leviss is a VPR cast member, former beauty queen, and most notably, one of Ariana's closest friends. The scandal shocked cast members and VPR fans alike, primarily due to the unforeseen nature of the affair, as well as Tom and Raquel's lack of remorse for their behavior. The drama became so nationally amplified that even celebrities - from model Chrissy Teigen to SNL's Aidy Bryant - and fashion brands - including bag brand Beis - made public comments regarding it.


### Human: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Durrandon? ### Assistant: Durran, also known as Durran Godsgrief


### Human: What is unique about the NCAA men's basketball tournament in 2023? ### Assistant: The tournament didn't include any top seeded teams in the final four, and included an exceedingly rare upset of a 16th seed over a 1 seed when Purdue lost.


### Human: What is physical security? ### Assistant: Physical security describes security measures that are designed to deny unauthorized access to facilities, equipment, and resources and to protect personnel and property from damage or harm (such as espionage, theft, or terrorist attacks).  Physical security involves the use of multiple layers of interdependent systems that can include CCTV surveillance, security guards, protective barriers, locks, access control, perimeter intrusion detection, deterrent systems, fire protection, and other systems designed to protect persons and property.


### Human: As a child, what singer held the longest note ever on Star Search? ### Assistant: Usher


### Human: Why does my dog dig in the furniture? ### Assistant: Most dogs were originally bred to service a function.  Some dogs were bred to chase small animals, for hunting rabbits or fox.  Many of these breeds were also intended to dig for their kills, so your dog may burrow because it's born to do that.  Said differently, some terrier breeds were meant to hunt rats, i.e. the rat terrier.  These dogs will dig even if there is nothing to dig for simply because it's what they were bred to do.  Other dogs dig to create nesting areas, to warm up their area before they lay down, or to check for bugs.


### Human: What is Humanism? ### Assistant: Humanism is a belief system that emphasizes the power of the human individual rather than any god or other divinity. Humanists believe in the innate goodness of human beings, the inherent capacity of humans to care about each other, and it stresses the rational in explaining the world around us.  It is a belief system for those who cannot embrace the supernatural and prefer instead to reside in the actual world and try to understand it with scientific explanations. Humanists use facts, reasoning, and empathy to make decisions. Some others call Humanism 'Good without god'. Humanists aren't openly hostile or antagonistic towards organized religions, but instead they respect that everyone has the right to their own beliefs.


### Human: What Is a Request for Quote (RFQ)? ### Assistant: A request for quote (RFQ) is a structured acquisition process in which a company or Govt. Agency solicits select suppliers and contractors to submit price quotes and bids for the chance to fulfill specific tasks or projects. The RFQ process is especially important to businesses or government agencies that need a consistent supply of a specific number of standard products. Companies may send RFQs alone or before a request for proposal (RFP).


### Human: What is the difference between a flute and piccolo? ### Assistant: The main difference between a flute and piccolo is that the flute is a woodwind instrument and the piccolo is a brass instrument. The flute is typically made from wood and is played with the mouth, while the piccolo is typically made from brass and is played with the fingers. Additionally, the flute is usually pitched higher than the piccolo, and the flute is used for a variety of musical styles while the piccolo is typically used for jazz and classical music.


### Human: How do you increase your output on a Peloton ride? ### Assistant: If you want to increase your output on a Peloton ride there are definitely a few tips and tricks to follow to ensure progress. First off, I would always recommend using the same official Peloton equipment (Peloton Bike or Peloton Bike+) to ensure you are tracking consistent metrics between your rides. I would also recommend doing a Functional Threshold Power Test (FTP Test), to get a baseline of your maximum performance as well as get a power meter for each of your rides. From there, a big amount of increasing your power comes from consistency of both riding frequency as well as consistency in overloading your leg muscles during those durations. Taking Power Zone rides (PZE, PZ, PZMax) or Power Zone programs is a great way to increase your output over time. These rides/programs are tailored to your max level of effort, and as you progress over time, so will your 7 power zone levels. Besides consistently riding and keeping track of your metrics/FTP, there is a quick trick for increasing your output which is not that sustainable. The trick is to ride out of the saddle and crank the resistance all the way up (75+). If you can move your legs at 50+ cadence and over say an 80 resistance, you will be putting up over 300 output. If you can sustain that for a minute at a time and do that 3-5 times during a ride, you will easily increase your total output. Lower cadence is not ideal for increasing your power from a longevity strategy, but is a quick answer for breaking a personal record. Good luck on your future rides, and don't forget to send love with some highfives!


### Human: What does an east coast oyster taste like? ### Assistant: East Coast oysters tend to have high salinity and a lot of minerality. Predominant flavors include brine, copper, seaweed, or vegetal tastes. The meat, or texture, is often chewy, distinctly more solid than a West Coast oyster.


### Human: How to do discovery in sales? ### Assistant: A discovery call is a crucial step in the sales process . Here are some tips on how to conduct an effective discovery call:

Do your research: Before the call, research the prospect's company and industry to better understand their business and what challenges they may be facing. Google for companies, linkedin, people, word of mouth.

Set a clear agenda: At the beginning of the call, set a clear agenda for what you hope to accomplish during the call.

Ensure two-way conversation: Ask open-ended questions to encourage a dialogue and allow the prospect to share their thoughts and concerns.

Have a positive sign-off: At the end of the call, summarize the key points discussed and clarify any next steps or action items.

By conducting an effective discovery call, you can gather valuable information about the prospect and their needs, and begin to build a relationship of trust and understanding. This can lead to a more successful sales process and help you close more deals.


### Human: What is a plot hole? ### Assistant: A plot hole is a plot point that happens in a fictional story, such as a movie, that contradicts the established logic of the story. For example, if a character is established as being extremely selfish, but in one scene he gives money to another character in need for no apparent reason, this would be a plot hole as this development would not make sense to a reasonable audience member.

Most plot holes can still be explained if someone tries hard enough, but if the story does not give enough clues for an audience member to easily understand what is going on, it is a plot hole.

Plot holes have different effects on different people. Some people are taken out of the story when they notice a plot hole. Others never notice it. Still others notice plot holes or learn of them afterwards, but do not mind the plot holes.


### Human: Tell me the history of Singapore ### Assistant: Singapore was founded on 6 February 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles. Singapore started out as a British colony, where a free trading port was established for ships passing through the Malacca Straits. Singapore continued to thrive and became an important port globally which attracted many Chinese, Malay, Indian and Arab traders to operate in Singapore.

Singapore continued to prosper for many years until World War II. On 15 February 1942, the British surrendered to Japan and Singapore was renamed to Syonan-to. During the Japanese occupation, over 2500 lives were executed and many suffered hardships.

Post World War II, Singapore operated as a self-government led by Lee Kuan Yew, reducing its reliance on the British. During 1963 to 1965, Singapore had a merger with neighbouring country Malayisa. However, the merger brought about many disagreement, tensions and unrest. Eventually, Singapore separated from Malaysia and became a fully independent country on 9 August 1965.


### Human: What are some of Whitney Houston's top hits? ### Assistant: Whitney Houston had many top hits including but not limited to:
- I'm Your Baby Tonight
- How Will I Know
- I Have Nothing
- I'm Every Woman
- I Will Always Love You
- I Wanna Dance With Somebody


### Human: What is the history of the Masters Golf Tournament ### Assistant: The Masters was started by amateur champion Bobby Jones and investment banker Clifford Roberts. After his grand slam in 1930, Jones acquired the former plant nursery and co-designed Augusta National with course architect Alister MacKenzie. First played 89 years ago in 1934, the tournament is an official money event on the PGA Tour, the European Tour, and the Japan Golf Tour. The field of players is smaller than those of the other major championships because it is an invitational event, held by the Augusta National Golf Club.

The tournament has a number of traditions. Since 1949, a green jacket has been awarded to the champion, who must return it to the clubhouse one year after his victory, although it remains his personal property and is stored with other champions' jackets in a specially designated cloakroom. In most instances, only a first-time and currently reigning champion may remove his jacket from the club grounds. A golfer who wins the event multiple times uses the same green jacket awarded upon his initial win (unless they need to be re-fitted with a new jacket). The Champions Dinner, inaugurated by Ben Hogan in 1952, is held on the Tuesday before each tournament, and is open only to past champions and certain board members of the Augusta National Golf Club. Beginning in 1963, legendary golfers, usually past champions, have hit an honorary tee shot on the morning of the first round to commence play. These have included Fred McLeod, Jock Hutchinson, Gene Sarazen, Sam Snead, Byron Nelson, Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, Gary Player, Lee Elder, and Tom Watson. Since 1960, a semi-social contest at the par-3 course has been played on Wednesday, the day before the first round.

Nicklaus has the most Masters wins, with six between 1963 and 1986. Tiger Woods won five between 1997 and 2019. Palmer won four between 1958 and 1964. Five have won three titles at Augusta: Jimmy Demaret, Sam Snead, Gary Player, Nick Faldo, and Phil Mickelson. Player, from South Africa, was the first non-American player to win the tournament, in 1961; the second was Seve Ballesteros of Spain, the champion in 1980 and 1983.

The Augusta National course first opened 90 years ago in 1933 and has been modified many times by different architects. Among the changes: greens have been reshaped and, on occasion, entirely re-designed, bunkers have been added, water hazards have been extended, new tee boxes have been built, hundreds of trees have been planted, and several mounds have been installed.


### Human: Who was Bran the Builder? ### Assistant: Brandon Stark, known as Bran(don) the Builder, is purported to have lived during the Age of Heroes and was the founder of House Stark. Legend claims he built Winterfell and the magical Wall.


### Human: What is SOAP? ### Assistant: SOAP (formerly a backronym for Simple Object Access Protocol) is a messaging protocol specification for exchanging structured information in the implementation of web services in computer networks. It uses XML Information Set for its message format, and relies on application layer protocols, most often Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), although some legacy systems communicate over Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), for message negotiation and transmission.


### Human: Who is the winner of Abel Prize 2022 ? ### Assistant: Dennis Parness Sullivan(American Mathematician)


### Human: Alfred White was a famous author under which name ### Assistant: James Herriot


### Human: Does Almond Joy or Mounds have nuts? ### Assistant: Almond Joy has nuts enrobed in milk chocolate.


### Human: What are the five largest countries in the world in terms of land area? ### Assistant: The five largest countries in the world in terms of land area are Russia (17,098,250 km²), Canada (9,879,750 km²), China (9,600,013 km²), the United States (9,525,067 - 9,831,510 km²), and Brazil (8,515,770 km²).


### Human: Name five teams in the Ligue 1 in France. ### Assistant: Five teams in League 1 are Lyon, Nice, Marseille, Lens, and PSG.


### Human: What are the primary causes of inflation? ### Assistant: There is often a decrease in the quality of money (currency value) when the money supply increases too rapidly in an economy.
In general, economists believe that increased money supply (monetary inflation) causes price increases over the long run, but disagree on causes for short-term inflation.


### Human: Which is the well-known sport in India? ### Assistant: while India as a country has followers for many sports, Cricket has been the most popular game of all time. In recent times there has been a great following for Football however the popularity is still with Cricket


### Human: Who is Magic Johnson? ### Assistant: Earvin “Magic” Johnson grew up in Michigan and attended Michigan State University. He played basketball for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). His hall-of-fame career included five NBA championships. Following his basketball career, Magic has pursued coaching, entertainment and business.


### Human: Aztec civilization originated from which country? ### Assistant: Mexico


### Human: What shape is the constellation of Orion? ### Assistant: The constellation of Orion is also known as Orion's belt. The arrangement of it's three bright stars (Alnitak, Alnilam and Mintaka) are in a straight line and the constellation is considered to look like a hunter.


### Human: How to make a traditional cup of English tea? ### Assistant: Add loose leaf tea to a china teapot and add near boiling water.  Allow the tea to brew for 4-5 minutes.  Following this time pour the tea through a tea strainer to catch the loose leaves and for the brewed tea to flow into a tea cup.  Fill the cup three quarters high and add milk and sugar to your taste.  Enjoy your traditional cup of English tea.


### Human: What is a surf board used for? ### Assistant: A surfboard is shaped like a narrow plank.  Surfers stand on the top of the surfboard and use it to surf on the ocean.  They tend to be light and are strong enough to get hit by a large wave without breaking in half.  Surfboards were originally invented in Hawaii and were made using the wood from local trees.  Early surfboards from Hawaii were over 15 feet long and were referred to as longboards.  Surfboards got a lot shorter as surfers had wanted to be more agile with them in the ocean.


### Human: Who is the winningest college women's basketball coach? ### Assistant: Geno Auriemma has the most wins in NCAA women's basketball history for a head coach. He has 1180 career wins, all with the University of Connecticut.


### Human: Which film holds the record for most Academy Award wins? ### Assistant: Three films own the record for the most Academy Award wins. They are Titanic, Ben Hur, and Lord of the Rings: Return of the King


### Human: Where did the marathon come from? ### Assistant: The marathon is a long distance foot race that goes for 42.195 km (26mi 385 yd). The name 'marathon' came from the legend of Philippides, a Greek messenger. The legend states that during the Battle of Marathon, Philippides saw a Persian vessel change course towards Athens. He say this as an attempt by the Persions to rush into the city and claim a fake win over the Greeks. Philippides was said to have run the entire distance to Athens. When he arrived he ran into the assembly and shouted νενικήκαμεν (nenikēkamen, "we have won!"). Then he collapsed and died.

While there is debate over the accuracy of this legend, when the modern olympics began in 1896, organizers were looking for an event to recall the glory of ancient Greece. The winner of the first Olympic marathon was Spyridon Louis on April 10 1896.


### Human: What is the difference between NumPy and pandas? ### Assistant: Pandas is mostly used for data analysis tasks in Python. NumPy is mostly used for working with numerical values as it makes it easy to apply mathematical functions.


### Human: how does an electric car work ### Assistant: Electric cars work by receiving energy from the battery, which is converted into power by an electric motor. The power is converted from the DC battery to AC for the electric motor. When an accelerator is pressed, it sends signal to the controller which adjusts the vehicle's speed by changing the frequency of the AC power from the inverter to the motor. Since the electric car gets is power from the battery, it usually consists of a rechargeable battery and doesn't contain liquid fuel components like fuel pump or fuel tank etc. This also makes the electric cars emit no exhaust.


### Human: What decade is the Great Gatsby set in, and what is the nickname for that time period? ### Assistant: The Great Gatsby is set in the 1920s, known as the Roaring Twenties


### Human: Who was among the famous Roman poets? ### Assistant: Virgil


### Human: Name the largest cities in Canada ### Assistant: The largest cities in Canada by population are Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Toronto has a population of 5.6 million, Montreal has a population of 3.6 million and Vancouver has a population of 2.4 million.


### Human: Neeraj Chopra the Tokyo Olympic Gold Medallist won the Silver Medal at ### Assistant: Diamond League Meet in Stockholm


### Human: What is the difference between a sitar and a tanpura? ### Assistant: Both the sitar and tanpura are string music instruments.  The sitar has frets and is used for composing and playing complete melodies.  Sitar players are like guitar players who perform solo or as part of an ensemble band.  The tanpura on the other hand does not have any frets and is only an accompanying instrument.  Its strings provide a continued background rhythm to a music performance.   While the tanpura alone cannot be used for composing a melody, a music performance is incomplete without a tanpura.


### Human: What is SAS language? ### Assistant: The SAS language is a computer programming language used for statistical analysis, created by Anthony James Barr at North Carolina State University.


### Human: Name a few great fantasy book series. ### Assistant: Any list of great fantasy series is sure to include the Lord of the Rings.  Written in the mid 20th century by J.R.R Tolkien, the story centers on Frodo Baggins, a young hobbit tasked with the impossible task of carrying and ultimately destroying the One Ring, which was forged by Sauron as a means to claim complete dominion over all of Middle-earth.   In his quest, Frodo is aided by three hobbits, a human ranger, a dwarf, an elf and a wizard.  Together this band of friends and heroes battle orcs, trolls, wargs, giant spider and a host of dark creatures in their quest to save Middle-earth.

Another epic fantasy series is the Wheel of Time by Robert Jordan. Told over 14 volumes, this tale is set in a high fantasy world where magic exists, but only some can access it. The series begins with Moraine, a powerful channeler on a quest to find the prophesied "Dragon" who has been reborn with the power to defeat The Dark One. Moraine follows the clues to a small village and to five young men and women, one of whom she is convinced is The Dragon reborn. Throughout the series, these six, along with a coterie of interesting and intricately webbed characters quest throughout the world, fighting the emergence of dark forces and working to discover their own powers and destinies.

Arguably the most popular fantasy series ever written is Harry Potter by J.K. Rowling. The seven novels in this series follow the story of Harry Potter, a young orphan who discovers on his 11th birthday that he is a wizard. He is welcomed into the prestigious Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry where he learns magics, makes wonderful friends and a few enemies. He also learns of and must faced his dark history and connection to Lord Voldemort, one of the most powerful, evil dark wizards who killed Harry's parents and tried to kill Harry when he was just an infant.


### Human: What are some of the most well-known castles in the Loire Valley in France? ### Assistant: The list of castles includes Château de Cheverny, Château de Chambord, Château de Chenonceau, Château d'Azay-le-Rideau, Château de Villandry, Château d'Amboise, and Château de Chaumont.


### Human: What is a recession? ### Assistant: In economics, a recession is a business cycle contraction that occurs when there is a general decline in economic activity. Recessions generally occur when there is a widespread drop in spending and it may be triggered by various events such as a financial crisis, the bursting of an economic bubble or a large-scale anthropogenic or natural disaster (e.g. a pandemic). Governments usually respond to recessions by adopting expansionary macroeconomic policies such as increasing money supply, decreasing interest rates, increasing government spending or decreasing taxes.


### Human: What does nationwide do? ### Assistant: Nationwide is a group of insurance companies in the United States, and other financial services.  Their main head quarters is out of Arizona and they offer many services.  Some of the services they offer are car insurance, home owners insurance, motorcycle insurance, pet and farm insurance, and life and commercial insurance.  Insurance is a great thing to have in case you have an accident.


### Human: Which cities did some of the most famous English rock bands come from? ### Assistant: Cities that some of the most famous English rock bands came from are Liverpool (The Beatles), London (Led Zeppelin, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Pink Floyd, Queen, Deep Purple), Sheffield (Def Leppard), Birmingham (Black Sabbath), and Manchester (Oasis).


### Human: What is absolute URL? ### Assistant: The full Internet address of a page or other World Wide Web resource


### Human: What do west coast oysters taste like? ### Assistant: West Coast oysters have a signature cucumber or melon note, they're mild in salt and tend to be smaller overall.


### Human: Who is the most decorated olympian of all time? ### Assistant: Michael Phelps is the most decorated olympian winning a total of 28 medals.


### Human: What is the former prince of Wales is now referred as? ### Assistant: King Charles III of United Kingdom


### Human: What is the difference between a piano and a guitar? ### Assistant: A piano is a, usually large, percussive instrument where the player sits down facing the instrument and uses their fingers to press down on keys that cause a hammer to strike strings of varying tone. There are pedals on a piano that allow the strings to sustain their vibrations or dampen the strings to create a quieter playing effect. A guitar is a hand held instrument where the player uses one hand to pick or strum the strings and the other hand to press down on the strings in various positions in order to change the tone of the string.


### Human: What does this mean: "Steady-state theory"? ### Assistant: In cosmology, the steady-state model, or steady state theory, is an alternative to the Big Bang theory of the evolution of the universe. In the steady-state model, the density of matter in an expanding universe stays the same because matter is always being made. This fits with the perfect cosmological principle, which says that the universe we can see is pretty much the same everywhere and at any time.

Problems with the steady-state model began to emerge in the 1950s and 60s, when observations began to support the idea that the universe was in fact changing: bright radio sources (quasars and radio galaxies) were found only at large distances (therefore could have existed only in the distant past due to the effects of the speed of light on astronomy), not in closer galaxies.

The discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1964, which the Big Bang theory had predicted, provided the majority of cosmologists with a conclusive challenge to the steady-state model.


### Human: How is chocolate made? ### Assistant: Chocolate comes from cacao beans. These beans need to be cleaned and roasted at low temperatures to develop flavor. The shells are seperated from the nibs through winnowing. Nibs are finely ground into cocoa mass which becomes solid at room temperature. Other ingredients then get added to the solid and then machines knead the chocolate paste making sweet chocolate.


### Human: What wine is the Oregon Willamette Valley known for? ### Assistant: Oregon's Willamette Valley is known best for producing renowned Pinot Noirs.


### Human: What is the mascot of Cornell University? ### Assistant: Cornell's mascot is "Big Red" or "Touchdown the Bear." It's common to hear Cornellian's chant "Go Big Red" at sporting events.


### Human: Which rock band from the 2000s is the most influential? ### Assistant: The most influential rock band from the 2000s is The Strokes. They are often credited with spearheading a revival of rock. They have influenced and inspired extremely popular bands such as The Arctic Monkeys, The Killers, and Franz Ferdinand.


### Human: What is sbt in Scala? ### Assistant: sbt is an open-source build tool for Scala and Java projects, similar to Apache's Maven and Gradle.


### Human: Which Australia Rules Football team has won the most grand finals? ### Assistant: Carlton Football Club AKA Blues


### Human: Who has been elected as the 15th President of India? ### Assistant: Ms.Draupadi Murmu


### Human: What is "woke" and why is it so controversial? ### Assistant: Woke is a general political term used to group a set of similar ideologies in an attempt to characterize the political motivations typically ascribed to the far left. Although many definitions of woke exist, these definitions run along a few common threads. Woke is typically used to describe the ideals underpinning what is known as equality of outcome. This is to be contrasted with the opposing political forces who support equality of opportunity.

Those who engage in wokeness more often than not cite disparities as evidence of systemic biases or expressions of racism, sexism, classism, genderism, agism and other prejudices. A common example would be that females are disproportionately represented in elementary school teaching whereas males are disproportionately represented in railroad construction. Woke politics would lead us to believe that this is evidence of sexism: women and men are socialized differently so they are pushed into different positions by institutions. Woke opponents would lead us to believe this is evidence of inate preferences different between the sexes: males are generally stronger than females, so men are more suited to performing heavy labor.

Wokeness is controversial because its opponents do not believe disparity is evidence of bias. Disparities can exist due to natural or cultural differences, neither of which can be governed out of existence. The opponents of woke ideology also proclaim that it ignores the root cause of problems which plague society. If one's analysis stops at disparity and from disparity an answer is assumed, one can miss the nuances present in a situation. A common unavoidable disparity cited is that 100% of births are to females, but this is not sexism. Analysis past disparity is required to prove or disprove systemic or individual bias.


### Human: What is the difference between American football and European football? ### Assistant: American football and European football are two different sports. American football, also known as gridiron, was first played in 1869 in the United States and mostly known in the United States and Canada. It rivals two teams on a rectangular field. Both teams have an offence as well as a defence formation. The first offence and defence of the match is decided by coin tossed where the winner decide for the first half of the match while the opposite match starts at the half-time mark. The offence team tries to take the oval-shaped ball to the other side of the field by passing or running it at each play. The defence team blocks the offence team so they get the balls themselves either by steeling it or when the offence team hasn’t progressed 10 yards in 4 plays. Then, offence team becomes defence and vice versa. When the offence team successfully reach the 10-yard lines, they obtain a new set of 4 plays to get to the endzone, where they obtain points when succeeding, called a touchdown. They also get points from kicking the ball within the goalpost. The winning team is the one with the most points at the end of the game. European football, also known as soccer, is a match between two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field, known as pitch. Players primarily use their feet to propel a sphere-shaped ball across the field into the rectangular shaped goal guarded by a goalkeeper. The goalkeeper is the only player of each team that can use his hands and arms on the ball within a specific region of the field close to their goals. The game is played continuously until a fault is committed or the ball exits the field. Each team tried and kick the ball in the goal to get points and the winner is the team with the most point at the end of the match.


### Human: What is the capital of the Netherlands? ### Assistant: The capital of the Netherlands is Amsterdam.


### Human: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Seaworth? ### Assistant: Davos Seaworth is the founder of House Seaworth, a knighthood that was granted after Robert's Rebellion


### Human: What is the oldest musical composition in the world? ### Assistant: The Seikilos Epitaph is the oldest musical composition in the world.


### Human: What can you produce by chopping down a tree? ### Assistant: Trees can be chopped for wood, or paper products.


### Human: What athlete created the 'beast quake' for the Seattle Seahawks? ### Assistant: Marshan Lynch


### Human: Is it better to invest in the stock market or to keep money in a savings account? ### Assistant: There are key differences between investing in the stock market versus keeping money in a savings account. Savings accounts can be FDIC insured up to $250k (although there are services that can increase this limit such as Wealthfront) and thus are extremely safe places to store money, but these accounts generally have very low interest rates and thus the money will not grow quickly (or at all, compared to inflation). Generally it is recommended to keep an emergency fund available in savings accounts as they may need to be quickly accessible.

The stock market works differently - you are purchasing shares of a company, and ideally that company grows over time, thus increasing the value of the underlying stocks. People generally invest in the stock market in order to grow their money over time, although it is recommended to measure the success or failure of investments over a long time period (greater than 10 years). The broader US stock market has historically grown nearly 10%/year on average, although many years significantly deviate from that growth rate.


### Human: In The Big Lebowski, The Dude can't stand which band? ### Assistant: The Eagles.


### Human: List five titles by Isaac Asimov. ### Assistant: Pebble in the Sky, The Stars, Like Dust, Foundation, The Robots of Dawn, The Naked Sun


### Human: Name some of the bravolebrities from The Real Housewives of Salt Lake City ### Assistant: Heather Gay, Lisa Barlow, Meredith Marks and Whitney Rose


### Human: What is a use case? ### Assistant: A use case is considered a business opportunity.  Use cases are usually identified as opportunities to deliver business value by the business.  Solution architects helped to define the use case and the requirements needed to deliver the use case into development and production.  Use case identification is an excellent way to sell platform products and services that help to deliver use case development for business and customers faster.


### Human: When was the Tesla Factory in Fremont purchased by Tesla? ### Assistant: In May 2010


### Human: Who is the NBA's all time leading scorer? ### Assistant: In February 2023, LeBron James became the NBA's all time leading scorer surpassing Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. James scored 38 points that night while moving past Abdul-Jabbar's career total of 38,387 points.


### Human: What is POP3 protocol? ### Assistant: Post Office Protocol 3 (POP3) is the most commonly used protocol for receiving email over the internet. This standard protocol, which most email servers and their clients support, is used to receive emails from a remote server and send to a local client.


### Human: Who are the founders of OpenAI? ### Assistant: OpenAI was founded by by Sam Altman, Reid Hoffman, Ilya Sutskever, Elon Musk, Wojciech Zaremba, Peter Thiel, Jessica Livingston and others in 2015.


### Human: How are people from the Netherlands called (in English)? ### Assistant: People from the Netherlands are commonly referred to as "Netherlanders" in English.


### Human: Who is the current prime minister of India? ### Assistant: Shri Narendra Modi is the current prime minister of India.


### Human: What is Vue.js? ### Assistant: Vue.js is a JavaScript framework for building user interfaces. It builds on top of standard HTML, CSS, and JavaScript and provides a declarative and component-based programming model that helps you efficiently develop user interfaces, be they simple or complex.


### Human: What is Apache Hive? ### Assistant: Apache Hive is a data warehouse software project built on top of Apache Hadoop for providing data query and analysis. Hive gives an SQL-like interface to query data stored in various databases and file systems that integrate with Hadoop.


### Human: Who won an Oscar for the African Queen ### Assistant: Bogart


### Human: How do you play an E major chord on a guitar? ### Assistant: There are many ways to play an E major chord, which includes the notes E, G sharp, and B. The most common variation is played by putting your middle finger on the 2nd fret of the A string, your ring finger on the 2nd fret of the D string, and your index finger on the first fret of the G string. Ensure that the Low E, B, and High E strings are not muted, and strum all 6 strings.


### Human: Who are the most famous athletes in Seattle sports history? ### Assistant: Seattle sports are relatively young with Seattle only gaining franchises in the 1970s in the NBA, NFL and MLB.  The most famous athletes include Ken Griffey Jr (MLB), Ichiro Suzuki (MLB), Russell Wilson, Marshan Lynch & Steve Largent (NFL) and Gary Payton, Shawn Kemp and Kevin Durant (NBA)


### Human: What is a database schema? ### Assistant: A database schema is a definition for how to organize data within a relational database.  a relational database can also have multiple schemas.  Schemas may also describe the source system the data in that schema comes from.  Schema includes table names, fields, data types, and the relationships between all these items.  Schemas are visually represented using Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERDs), and the process of creating schema definitions is called data modeling.


### Human: What do you think is the best Kanye album of all time? ### Assistant: The best Kanye album of all time is a topic of extremely heated debate with many warring factions continuously in flux.

The traditional school of thought places My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy at the #1 spot due to its redemption arc origins with Kanye composing it in Hawaii following his famous meltdown at the Grammys where he interrupted long time frenemy Taylor Swift during her acceptance speech to call out Beyonce as being robbed of the Best Music Video award.

There are however strong arguments for Kanye's original trilogy of releases from the start of his career with The College Dropout, Late Registration, and Graduation. Graduation being his first stadium album that really skyrocketed Kanye into the mainstream resulting in sold out tours and solidifying pop culture relevance. The fundamentalists fight for The College Dropout as it is a reflection of a simpler time and arguably his most honest and well produced album to date. The construction of this album was the subject of the Netflix 2022 documentary Jeen-yus.

At the end of the day, there is no right or wrong answer. Every person has a Kanye album that is their GOAT as it were. One cannot answer this question objectively. Such is life and the question itself reflects that journey so beautifully. Kanye albums are things you feel deep within your heart and resonate with you for a lifetime.


### Human: Karl Lienstater discovered which medical breakthrough in 1901 ### Assistant: ABO Blood Groups


### Human: Where does the sun rise and set? ### Assistant: The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west.


### Human: Do vegetarians eat meat? ### Assistant: No, vegetarians do not eat meat. People who eat meat are called carnivores or omnivores. People who do not eat meat are called vegetarians. People who eat only fish are called pescatarians. People who do not consume any animals products are called vegans.


### Human: “Social Distancing”  refers to keeping a safe distance of ### Assistant: About 3 to 6 feet from others


### Human: What part of history called a fervent period of European cultural, artistic, political, and economic “rebirth” following the Middle Ages? ### Assistant: The Renaissance


### Human: What component do you need to have to build a PC? ### Assistant: You will need at least the following components to build a PC:

* Motherboard
* Processor (CPU)
* Storage (hard drive or SSD)
* Memory (RAM)
* Case
* CPU Fans/Cooling Unit
* Power supply
* GPU (Optionally)


### Human: Which is the last dynasty in China? ### Assistant: The Qing Dynasty


### Human: What is the difference between a day on Earth and Mars? ### Assistant: A day on mars is called a Sol whose name is borrowed from the Latin word for Sun. Compared to a day on Earth, a sol is slightly longer at 24 hours, 39 minutes, and 35 seconds which is equivalent to 1.0275 Earth days. Spacecraft that have landed on Mars conventionally use a 24 hour Mars clock where the hours, minutes, and seconds are 2.75% longer than the standard Earth durations.


### Human: What are the three original citrus fruits? ### Assistant: Contrary to popular belief, the three original citrus fruits are the mandarin, pomelo and citron. All other popular fruits such as the bitter orange, lemons or grapefruit are all hybrids.


### Human: What is geovisualization? ### Assistant: Geovisualization or geovisualisation (short for geographic visualization), also known as cartographic visualization, refers to a set of tools and techniques supporting the analysis of geospatial data through the use of interactive visualization.

Like the related fields of scientific visualization and information visualization geovisualization emphasizes knowledge construction over knowledge storage or information transmission.[To do this, geovisualization communicates geospatial information in ways that, when combined with human understanding, allow for data exploration and decision-making processes.

Traditional, static maps have a limited exploratory capability; the graphical representations are inextricably linked to the geographical information beneath. GIS and geovisualization allow for more interactive maps; including the ability to explore different layers of the map, to zoom in or out, and to change the visual appearance of the map, usually on a computer display. Geovisualization represents a set of cartographic technologies and practices that take advantage of the ability of modern microprocessors to render changes to a map in real time, allowing users to adjust the mapped data on the fly.


### Human: How much money comes in a game of Monopoly? ### Assistant: Newer (September 2008 and later) U.S. editions provide a total of $20,580—30 of each denomination


### Human: Which festival takes place next to Walibi Holland every year in august? ### Assistant: The next Walibi Holland festival is in August.


### Human: Who was the first Grand Prix driver to used a safety belt in 1967 ### Assistant: Jackie Stuart


### Human: The final of Asia cup was held in UAE, was won by Sri Lanka from which country ### Assistant: Pakistan by 23 runs


### Human: Who is Christopher Hope ### Assistant: Christopher Hope, FRSL (born 26 February 1944) is a South African novelist and poet who is known for his controversial works dealing with racism and politics in South Africa. His son is violinist Daniel Hope.


### Human: What is a hockey hat trick ? ### Assistant: when a player scores three goals in a game, usually earning him a cascade of hats thrown onto the ice by fans (especially if the player is on the home team). A natural hat trick is when a player scores three consecutive goals in a game.


### Human: What was the deadliest battle in history? ### Assistant: The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. The battle is infamous as one of the largest, longest and bloodiest engagements in modern warfare: From August 1942 through February 1943, more than two million troops fought in close quarters – and nearly two million people were killed or injured in the fighting, including tens of thousands of Russian civilians. The giant campaign was really a showdown between Hitler and Stalin over the city that bore the name of the Soviet dictator, which ultimately turned the tide of World War II in favor of the Allied forces, and helped bring about a change of fortunes that would eventually destroy Nazi Germany and doom Hitler.


### Human: When was Belgium founded? ### Assistant: 4th of October 1830


### Human: What University has most Heisman Trophy winners? ### Assistant: USC, The University of Southern California, has the most Heisman Trophy Winners: 1965 Mike Garrett, 1968 O. J. Simpson, 1979 Charles White, 1981 Marcus Allen, 2002 Carson Palmer, 2004 Matt Leinart, 2005, Reggie Bush, 2022 Caleb Williams. The Heisman Trophy is considered the most prestigious collegiate individual athletic award.


### Human: In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Gardener? ### Assistant: Garth the Gardener


### Human: What are the names of the different scores you can shoot for each hole when golfing? ### Assistant: The following are the names for different scores you can shoot on a golf hole:
- Hole-in-One: The hole was completed with only one shot.
- Albatross: The hole was completed in 3 shots less than par.
- Eagle: The hole was completed in 2 shots less than par.
- Birdie: The hole was completed in 1 shot less than par.
- Par: The hole was completed in the same number of shots as par.
- Bogey: The hole was completed in 1 shot more than par.
- Double Bogey: The hole was completed in 2 shots more than par.
- Triple Bogey: The hole was completed in 3 shots more than par.
- Quadruple Bogey: The hole was completed in 4 shots more than par.
- Quintuple Bogey: The hole was completed in 5 shots more than par.


### Human: As per WHO Marburg Virus Disease(MVD) is a severe often fatal haemorrhagic fever it was earlier known as ### Assistant: Marburg Haemorrhagic Fever


### Human: What are the benefits of a high protein diet ### Assistant: High protein diets can have a lot of benefits. For one, if you are interested in muscle growth, protein helps with that, and a high protein diet can lead to increased muscle growth. Additionally, protein rich meals can help people stay full longer which can help decrease snacking leading to weight loss


### Human: When did Lebron James become the NBA's all time leading scorer? ### Assistant: Lebron James passed Kareem Abdul-Jabbar as the NBA's all time leading scorer on February 7, 2023.


### Human: On which day did Theodore Roosevelt lose both his first wife and his mother? ### Assistant: February 14, 1884.


### Human: Who directed the premiere episode of season four of Game of Thrones? ### Assistant: D.B. Weiss, who also co-authored the season four premiere episode, directed "Two Swords."


### Human: What year did Wyoming become a state? ### Assistant: 1890


### Human: Who and when was the compass invented? ### Assistant: Over 2000 years ago by the Chinese, by magnetizing needles made from iron, and placing them in water


### Human: What is mutually assured destruction? ### Assistant: Mutually assured destruction is the belief that two countries will not attack each other if each country has the ability to destroy the other with the same amount of military power. Mutually assured destruction or "MAD" is a principle from the era of the Cold War and is considered part of a US military doctrine. The policy is often applied to the use of nuclear weapons. For example, because both the United States and Russia have nuclear weapons that could annihilate large populations, neither uses them. To do so, would mean the end of both populations, and a large part of humanity.


### Human: What is the difference between it's and its? ### Assistant: "It's" is a contraction for "it is".  Whereas "its" is the possessive pronoun for it


### Human: What is efficient market hypothesis? ### Assistant: Efficient market hypothesis postulates that markets converge on a fair price with all available information being generally available to the market.  Thus it is not logical that any one person can beat the market, if all information is generally available.


### Human: Which are the states in India with coastlines? ### Assistant: Most of the southern states in India are having coastlines that include Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andra Pradesh, and Telangana. Towards the east-west Bengal and Orissa have a long coastline and towards the west Maharashtra and Gujrat.


### Human: Who was General Sir Henry Clinton ### Assistant: General Sir Henry Clinton, KB (16 April 1730 – 23 December 1795) was a British Army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1772 and 1795. He is best known for his service as a general during the American War of Independence. First arriving in Boston in May 1775, from 1778 to 1782 he was the British Commander-in-Chief in North America. In addition to his military service, due to the influence of his cousin Henry Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle, he was a Member of Parliament for many years. Late in life he was named Governor of Gibraltar, but died before assuming the post.


### Human: The first Battle of Panipat was fought in the year ### Assistant: The first Battle of Panipat was fought in the year 1761.


### Human: Who are the tallest people in the world? ### Assistant: The Dutch are the tallest people in the world, with an average height between 175-176cm (depending on your source). The Dutch man drive this number up, with an average of 183 cm, the dutch ladies are only 171 cm on average.

Why they are so tall is unknown. Some think it is a combination of genetics, universal healthcare, and dairy at that delicious Gouda cheese consumption - others think the local delicacies called "bitterballen" might have something to do with it.


### Human: is operations a great career ### Assistant: yes


### Human: What popular wine varietal is produced in Washington? ### Assistant: Washington is well known for its white wine, Riesling, and red wine, Cabernet Sauvignon.


### Human: What are AAC devices used for? ### Assistant: AAC stands for Augmentative and Alternative Communication.  AAC devices provide a way of communication for those with speech impairments.  They can be used by people of all ages.  There are various kind of AAC devices such as symbol cards or high tech mobile apps.


### Human: What kind of species is the Epophthalmia ### Assistant: Epophthalmia a genus of dragonflies in the family Macromiidae.


### Human: What is nihilism and why do some people believe it? List some ways that philosophers have proposed to fight against nihilism. Explain to me in a casual tone ### Assistant: Nihilism is a belief that life is ultimately meaningless. Sounds pretty depressing right? Well, there are a number of reasons why one might feel this way. Do you ever feel like you are just going through the motions each day? You wake up, go to work, get off work, sleep, and the cycle continues. You chased after a goal, such as graduating college or getting that next promotion, thinking it would solve all your problems, only to be disappointed after finally getting it. Then you look around the universe that you lives in and find how insignificant your individuality is in the grand schemes of things, you can't help but think to yourself: man, is there any point to life? Does what I do actually matter at all, especially if I'm going to die anyways?

If you ever feel this way, know that you are not alone. Many, many philosophers throughout human history have pondered upon this very idea. I'll present a select few philosophers and their proposals to fight against nihilism.

One obvious solution, per Danish philosophers Kierkegaard, is religion. He believes that faith should be our purpose in life, following Him and doing good in this life will reap rewards in the afterlife.

Now, German philosopher Nietzsche does not agree with that at all; in fact his most famous quote was "God is dead and we killed him". He's talking about how with new advances in science comes the death of religion -- each man must now create his own values and become an ubermensch. The idea of ubermensch, however, kind of throws morality out of window — who is to say one’s value is wrong?

Enter Albert Camus and his idea of absurdism. He compares human life to Sisyphus — rolling a giant rock uphill, only for the rock to fall back down after reaching the top — an absurd and meaningless struggle. He suggests that we accept the absurdity of this world and human existence, and instead embrace the present, because “The struggle itself towards the heights is enough to fill a man's heart. One must imagine Sisyphus happy”.

And there you have it, what nihilism is all about, why it happens and a few ways to fight against it. Note that this is a very extensive topic and what I covered here is only the tip of the iceberg, I’d suggest reading up more if you're interested. Hope it helped!


### Human: Where were the 13th South Asian Games held? ### Assistant: They were held in 3 cities of Nepal-Kathmandu, Pokhara & Janakpur


### Human: What is microeconomics? ### Assistant: Microeconimics is concerned with decision-making by individual economic agents such as firms and consumers.


### Human: What is a mitochondrion? ### Assistant: A mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy. They were discovered by Albert von Kölliker in 1857  in the voluntary muscles of insects. The term mitochondrion was coined by Carl Benda in 1898. The mitochondrion is popularly nicknamed the "powerhouse of the cell", a phrase coined by Philip Siekevitz in a 1957 article of the same name.

Some cells in some multicellular organisms lack mitochondria (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells). A large number of unicellular organisms, such as microsporidia, parabasalids and diplomonads, have reduced or transformed their mitochondria into other structures. One eukaryote, Monocercomonoides, is known to have completely lost its mitochondria, and one multicellular organism, Henneguya salminicola, is known to have retained mitochondrion-related organelles in association with a complete loss of their mitochondrial genome.

Mitochondria are commonly between 0.75 and 3 μm2 in cross section, but vary considerably in size and structure. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondrial biogenesis is in turn temporally coordinated with these cellular processes. Mitochondria have been implicated in several human disorders and conditions, such as mitochondrial diseases, cardiac dysfunction, heart failure and autism.

The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. A mature red blood cell has no mitochondria, whereas a liver cell can have more than 2000. The mitochondrion is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, intermembrane space, inner membrane, cristae, and matrix.

Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy.


### Human: What are five cities in the state of North Carolina? ### Assistant: Five cities in North Carolina are Charlotte, Raleigh, Boone, Durham, and Asheville.


### Human: Which artist's entire 1985 Live Aid set consisted of just a single cover song? ### Assistant: Elvis Costello.


### Human: Who were King Aenys I Targaryen's children? ### Assistant: Aegon, Viserys, Jaehaerys, Rhaena, Alysanne, Vaella


### Human: How do airplanes land? ### Assistant: The pilot reduces engine power which lowers thrust. This reduces the lift and the plane descends.


### Human: What is a calendar? ### Assistant: A calendar is an arrangement of a depiction of time defined by humans.  It is a collection of multiple days that makes up a month with multiple months representing a year of time.  Each day of the week on a calendar is assigned a word to represent the day - Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday.  A calendar is used for planning scheduled events in the future, remembering birthdays, and other important dates like tests in school.  A calendar can also be broken down into seasonal months that represent the months that match the weather during any particular time of the year.


### Human: Who invented Boltzmann Machines? ### Assistant: Boltzmann machines were invented in 1985 by Geoffrey Hinton and Terrence Sejnowski.


### Human: What causes leaves to change color in fall ### Assistant: Leaves are green due to the presence of chlorophyll. During the spring and summer months when trees are growing, there's an abundance of chlorophyll pigments in the leaves.

Chlorophyll serves the vital function of capturing sun rays and converting it to energy for the plants i.e, plants food & source of nourishment. In late summer, early fall as the days shorten there's less solar energy and thus Chlorophyll starts to breakdown giving way for other pigments such as Carotenoids to become more obvious and there orange-yellow-red colors to surface giving the trees the famous "fall color" look


### Human: What are some interesting facts about tigers? ### Assistant: 1. Tiger stripes are unique.
2. Tigers can use their ears to communicate.
3. India has over half the world's population of tigers.
4. Only one in ten hunts are successful.


### Human: How many full-length "The X-Files" movies are there? ### Assistant: Two: "The X-Files: Fight the Future" and "The X-Files: I Want to Believe"


### Human: What is the difference between a bath and a shower? ### Assistant: While both a bath and a shower are common ways to get clean, they involve different processes. A bath is when someone fills a tub and immerses themselves in it, whereas a shower is when someone stands under a steady stream of water in order to get clean.


### Human: What is the national bird of India ### Assistant: The Peacock