Patent ID: 8355421
Filing Date: 2013-01-15
Classification: H01S

Abstract:
1. A vertical cavity surface emitting laser element, comprising: a semiconductor layered structure comprising: an optical resonator formed above the active layer, comprising an upper DBR mirror comprising a second multilayered film layer of dielectric substance, wherein the second multilayered film comprises a third layer and a fourth layer, wherein the upper DBR mirror is formed by utilizing a periodic structure between the third layer and the fourth layer, wherein the third layer has a higher index of refraction than the fourth layer, wherein nitrogen is included in the lower DBR mirror to prevent dislocation, wherein an average composition of the nitrogen in the first DBR mirror is one of (A) greater than or equal to 0.028% and less than or equal to 0.390%, (B) greater than or equal to 0.072% and less than or equal to 0.390% or (C) greater than or equal to 0.263% and less than or equal to 0.390%, wherein an average of strain of the lower DBR mirror and a thickness of the lower DBR mirror are set in reference to the following formula (2) so that a curvature of the substrate satisfies the following formula (1) where C is the curvature of the substrate in units of microns, D is a diameter of the substrate in units of inches, d is a thickness of the substrate in units of microns, T is a thickness of the lower DBR mirror in microns, and S is a percent average of strain of the lower DBR mirror, wherein an average of a composition of the nitrogen corresponds to S, wherein accumulation of the active layer applies a compressive strain or a tensile strain to the lower DBR mirror, wherein, when the accumulation of the active layer applies the compressive strain, the amount of curvature of the substrate increases by about 15 μm and the lattice strain S where −0.020% is substituted for a value S wherein, when the accumulation of the active layer applies the tensile strain, the value of the lower limit of the lattice strain does not substantially vary and formula (3) is not used, and wherein, when the accumulation of the active layer is onto the lower DBR mirror and accumulation of the upper DBR mirror is onto the active layer, the amount of curvature of the substrate increases by about an additional 65 μm.