Patent ID: 7302147
Filing Date: 2007-11-27
Classification: B82Y,G02B

Abstract:
1. A three-dimensional photonic crystal in which a plurality of layers including a periodic-refractive-index structure are periodically stacked, comprising: a first layer having a periodic structure in which holes filled with a second medium are provided at lattice points of a first rectangular lattice having a period of A along a first axis in the in-plane direction of the layers and a period of B along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis in the in-plane direction of the layers and at lattice points of a second rectangular lattice disposed at a position shifted by A/2 along the first axis and by B/4 along the second axis with respect to the position of the first rectangular lattice, and areas other than the holes are filled with a first medium; a second layer having a periodic structure in which columnar structures that are composed of the first medium and that have a longitudinal axis in the stacking direction are provided at lattice points of a face-centered rectangular lattice that is disposed at a position shifted by +3B/8 along the second axis with respect to the position of the first rectangular lattice and that has a period of A along the first axis and a period of B along the second axis, and the area other than the columnar structures is filled with the second medium; a third layer having a periodic structure the same as the periodic structure included in the first layer and disposed at a position shifted in the in-plane directions of the layer by A/2 along the first axis and by B/2 along the second axis with respect to the position of the periodic structure included in the first layer; and a fourth layer having a periodic structure the same as the periodic structure included in the second layer and disposed at the same position as the periodic structure included in the second layer in the in-plane directions of the layer, wherein the three-dimensional photonic crystal includes a plurality of layers including layers in which the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fourth layer are stacked in that order, and when the refractive index of the first medium is represented by N