Patent ID: 9212056
Filing Date: 2015-12-15
Classification: B82Y,C30B,G01N

Abstract:
1. A nanoparticle including a ligand attached to a surface thereof, wherein the ligand is represented by the formula: wherein: X represents: a secondary amine group, a urea, a thiourea, an amide group, a carboxylic acid or carboxylate group, a phosphonic acid group, an arsonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a phosphinic acid group, a phosphinate group, a phosphinite group, a phosphine group, an arsenic acid group, an arsenate group, an arsenous acid group, an arsenite group, an arsinic acid group, an arsine oxide group, or an arsine group; Sp represents a group capable of allowing a transfer of charge or an insulating group; and Z represents a multifunctional group including three or more functional groups capable of communicating a specific property or chemical reactivity to the nanoparticle, wherein Z includes a cyclic group including two or more functional substituent groups, wherein the cyclic group and at least two functional substituent groups are chemically distinct and at least one of the groups included in Z is selected to facilitate colloidal dispersion of the nanoparticle in an apolar solvent, non-polar, and/or a low polarity solvent, and wherein Z is not reactive upon exposure to light, and wherein the ligand is a native ligand that attaches or coordinates to the nanoparticle surface during the growth or overcoating thereof with an overcoating material comprising a semiconductor material.