Patent ID: 8323423
Filing Date: 2012-12-04
Classification: C22C,Y10T

Abstract:
1. A method for protecting metal surfaces in oil & gas exploration and production, refinery and petrochemical process applications subject to solid particulate erosion at temperatures of up to 1000° C., the method comprising the step of providing said metal surfaces with a hot erosion resistant cermet lining or insert, wherein said cermet lining or insert comprises: a) a ceramic phase, and b) a metal binder phase, wherein said ceramic phase comprises from about 30 to about 95 vol % of the volume of said cermet lining or insert, and wherein said cermet lining or insert has a HEAT erosion resistance index of at least about 5.0 and a K wherein said cermet lining or insert is a composition gradient cermet material produced by the steps of: heating a metal alloy containing at least one of chromium and titanium at a temperature in the range of about 600° C. to about 1150° C. to form a heated metal alloy; exposing said heated metal alloy to a reactive environment comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of reactive carbon, reactive nitrogen, reactive boron, reactive oxygen and mixtures thereof in the range of about 600° C. to about 1150° C. for a time sufficient to provide a reacted alloy; and cooling said reacted alloy to a temperature below about 40° C. to provide a composition gradient cermet material, wherein said ceramic phase is (PQ) and said metal binder phase is (RS) wherein, P is a metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Si, Mg, Ca, Y, Fe, Mn, Group IV, Group V, Group VI elements, and mixtures thereof, Q is oxide, R is a base metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni Co, Mn and mixtures thereof, and S consists essentially of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al and Si and at least one reactive wetting element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Ta, Sc, Y, La, and Ce wherein said ceramic phase (PQ) has a multimodal distribution of particles, wherein said multimodal distribution of particles comprises fine grit particles in the size range of about 3 to 60 microns and coarse grit particles in the size range of about 61 to 800 microns.