Patent ID: 6447969
Filing Date: 2002-09-10
Classification: G03G

Abstract:
A toner, comprising: toner particles each comprising at least a binder resin and iron oxide particles, wherein(i) the toner particles exhibit a carbon content (A) and an iron content (B) giving a ratio B/A<0.001 at surfaces of the toner particles as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, (ii) the toner particles exhibit an average circularity of at least 0.970, (iii) the toner particles contain at least 50% by number of toner particles satisfying D/C&lE;0.02, wherein C denotes a projection area-equivalent circular diameter of each toner particle and D denotes a minimum distance of iron oxide particles from a surface of the toner particle, based oil a sectional view of the toner particle as observed through a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and (iv) the iron oxide particles have a volume-average particle size of 0.1-0.3 &mgr;m and contain at most 40% by number of particles having sizes of 0.03-0.1 &mgr;m.