Patent ID: 7957224
Filing Date: 2011-06-07
Classification: G01S,Y10S

Abstract:
1. A method of echolocation practiced by a human operator, comprising the steps of: (a) emitting toward one or more target objects a series of discrete sound transmissions, wherein each sound transmission in the series has one discrete transmission frequency, and wherein the series begins at a selected low frequency in the audible range and progresses by a selected fixed frequency increment through a plurality of increasing transmission frequencies to a selected high frequency; (b) for a non-large target object having dimensions smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the low frequency, initially detecting an absence of echoes, wherein diffraction causes the sound transmissions not to reflect from the target object until the series of sound transmissions progresses to a threshold frequency corresponding to a wavelength equal to the maximum dimension of the target object; (c) for a large target object having a maximum dimension greater than or equal to the wavelength corresponding to the low frequency, using one or more reception means to receive from the large target object an echo at the low frequency; (d) upon the series of sound transmissions progressing to the threshold frequency, using one or more reception means to receive from the non-large target object an echo at the threshold transmission frequency; (e) for a large target object, detecting an echo delay between the time of the emission of the low frequency and the time of the reception of the echo at the low frequency; (f) for a non-large target object, detecting an echo delay between the time of the emission of the threshold frequency and the time of the reception of the echo at the threshold frequency; (g) stretching the echo delay by a stretch factor to produce a stretched echo delay discernable to human hearing; (h) using one or more audio processing means to process the sound transmission so as to generate a first audible signal, having a signal format and a signal pitch, wherein the signal pitch of an audible sound transmission corresponds to the transmission frequency, and wherein the signal pitch of an ultrasonic sound transmission corresponds to the transmission frequency proportionately reduced by a reduction factor, and wherein the signal format generated for an ultrasonic sound transmission is audibly distinguishable from the signal format generated for an audible sound transmission; (i) using the audio processing means to process the echo so as to generate a second audible signal, having the same signal format and the same signal pitch as the first audible signal, wherein the second audible signal follows the first audible signal by a time interval equal to the stretched echo delay; (j) estimating by the human operator of the target distance based on the stretched echo delay, wherein the stretched echo delay corresponds to a target distance equal to one-half the speed of sound multiplied by the stretched echo delay divided by the stretch factor, and wherein, with repetitive practice, the human operator learns to associate the duration of the stretched echo delay with an approximate target distance; (k) estimating by the human operator of the maximum dimension of the target object based on the signal pitch, wherein the maximum dimension of the non-large target object equals the speed of sound divided by the threshold frequency, and wherein the maximum dimension of the large target object equals or exceeds the speed of sound divided by the low frequency, and wherein, with repetitive practice, the human operator learns to associate the signal pitch with an approximate maximum dimension of the target object; (l) continuing to incrementally increase the transmission frequency in accordance with step (a), and repeating steps (b) through (k) for each target object; and (m) upon the transmission frequency reaching the high frequency, completing a current system cycle and performing a succeeding system cycle by repeating steps (a) through (l).