Patent ID: 8361779
Filing Date: 2013-01-29
Classification: C07D,C07F

Abstract:
1. A method of buffering a chemical or biological composition, comprising adding to the composition an effective buffering amount of at least one protonated or un-protonated amine-quaternary ammonium compound having a general formula: wherein: n has integer values in the range 0-4, k is 0 for the un-protonated compound and k is 1 for the protonated compound; each G each G each G each R wherein when the compound comprises the cyclic chemical moiety, the cyclic chemical moiety is one or more selected from (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f) and (g): wherein CI is a non-interfering counter-ion or mixture of non-interfering counter-ions as needed to maintain electroneutrality, with the charge on the amine-quaternary ammonium compound being equal to the value of quantity (j+k−z+1) wherein z equals the absolute value of the numerical sum of all negative charges on each —CO wherein d equals |j+k−z+1| for monovalent counter-ions, |j+k−z+1|/2 for divalent counter-ions, |j+k−z+1|/3 for trivalent counter-ions, |j+k−z+1|/4 for tetravalent counter-ions and the sign of (z−j−k+1) reflects the charge on the counter-ion(s), except that when (j+z−k+1) is zero, d is zero and no separate counter-ion is present.