Patent ID: 6048996
Filing Date: 2000-04-11
Classification: C07C

Abstract:
A process for converting an acyclic monoolfin to its corresponding terminal organonitrile by reacting the monoolefin with HCN, at a temperature of -25.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. and a pressure of 0.05 to 100 atmospheres, in the presence of a zerovalent nickel compound, a phosphorous-containing ligand and an insoluble Lewis acid promoter selected from the group consisting of(1) an aryl-group containing polystyrene having metal cations covalently bound to the aryl groups, the metal cations being selected from the group consisting of zinc, cadmium, the first transition series (elements 21-29 of the Periodic Table), the second transition series (elements 39-47 of the Periodic Table), the rare earths (elements 57-71 of the Periodic Table), boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, germanium, tin, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, and rhenium,(2) a sulphonated or carboxylated polystyrene having metal cations ionically bound to the sulphonate or carboxylate groups, the metal cations being selected from the group consisting of zinc, cadmium, the first transition series (elements 21-29 of the Periodic Table), the second transition series (elements 39-47 of the Periodic Table), the rare earth metals (elements 57-71 of the Periodic Table), boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, germanium, tin, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, and rhenium,(3) a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of crystalline silicoaluminate clays or large pore zeolites having a pore size greater than about 8 Angstroms in their acid forms; substantially noncrystalline silicoaluminates, optionally promoted with chloride, sulfate or phosphate; zirconia and sulfate; niobic acid; acidic gamma-alumina; tungstic acid; molybdic acid; hydrous titania; zinc oxide; iron(III) oxide; and lanthanum oxide,(4) a metal-exchanged perfluorosulphonic acid resin, wherein the metal is Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, or Lu,(5) a metal cation with an anion which renders it insoluble in the reaction, the anion being selected from the group consisting of halide, sulfate and phosphate, provided, however, that if the cation is Zn, then the anion is other than sulfate,(6) metal fluorides, metal fluorides supported on a silicoaluminate support, iron phosphates, iron sulfates and zirconium hydrogen phosphate, and(7) AlF.sub.3, ZnF.sub.2, and SbF.sub.5 supported on an aluminosilicate support.