Patent ID: 6812352
Filing Date: 2004-11-02
Classification: B01J,C07C,C07F

Abstract:
A hydrocyanation process, comprising reacting an acyclic, aliphatic, monoethylenically unsaturated compound in which the ethylenic double bond is not conjugated to any other olefinic group in the molecule with a source of HCN in the presence of a catalyst precursor composition comprising a Lewis acid, a zero-valent nickel, and a multidentate phosphite ligand selected from the group represented by the formulae I, I-A or I-B: wherein X1 is a bridging group selected from the group consisting of wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R1â€², and R2â€² are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1 to C18 alkyl, cycloalkyl, trialkylsilyl, triarylsilyl, halogen, nitrile, perfluoroalkyl, â€”SO2R11, â€”SO2NR212, acetal, ketal, dialkylamino, or diarylamino, â€”OR11, â€”CO2R11, â€”(CNR11)R11, â€”(CNOR11)R11, wherein R11 is C1 to C18 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or substituted aryl, â€”C(O)R12, â€”C(O)NR12R13, â€”Oâ€”C(O)R12, â€”NR12â€”C(O)R13, wherein R12 and R13 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1 to C18 allyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or substituted aryl; wherein positions other than R1 through R8 on the aromatic rings may also be substituted with C1 to C18 alkyl, cycloalkyl, trialkylsilyl, triarylsilyl, halogen, nitrile, perfluoroalkyl, sulfonyl, acetal, ketal, dialkylamino, diarylamino, â€”OR11, â€”CO2R11,R CNR11, or RCNOR11, wherein R9 and R10 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1 to C18 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or substituted aryl; wherein X2 through X5 are independently selected from the group consisting of: wherein Y is independently selected from the group consisting of H, aryl, CR143, (CR142)nâ€”OR14, (CR142)nâ€”NHR15 wherein n=0-3; wherein R14 is H, C1-C18 alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl; wherein R15 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, â€”SO2R11, â€”SO2NR122, â€”COR16; and wherein R16 is H, C1-C18 alkyl; aryl, or perfluoroalkyl; wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of (CR142)nâ€”OR14 wherein n=0-3 and wherein R14 is defined as above; and wherein, optionally, either one of the Y's may be linked with Z to form a cyclic ether; wherein a ligand of the structure of Formula I-A or Formula I-B has at least one aromatic ring carbon in the ortho position to an O bonded to a P bonded through (Z1)n1 to another aromatic ring carbon in the ortho position to the other O bonded to the P; wherein Z1 is independently; and wherein each R17 and R18 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C1 to C18 alkyl, cycloalkyl aryl, or substituted aryl, and n1 is either one or zero.