Patent ID: 8317909
Filing Date: 2012-11-27
Classification: C23C

Abstract:
1. A process for producing aqueous solutions of non-alkaline metals for deposition of non-alkaline metals onto surfaces, comprising the steps: 1) forming a solution of water with orthophosphoric acid; 2) adding ammonium hydroxide to the solution of step 1, wherein the ammonium hydroxide is added over a period of at least 7 minutes to prevent a rapid or quick addition of the ammonium hydroxide to the solution of step 1, thereby preventing a highly or violent exothermic reaction; 3) adding an alkali metal hydroxide in water to the solution produced by steps 1 and 2; and 4) adding a non-alkaline metal salt to the solution produced by steps 1, 2 and 3, wherein the aqueous solution of step 4 produces a tenacious film on substrates by immersion, brushing, or spraying without the use of applied external electromotive force, said film containing said non-alkaline metal, phosphorous, and nitrogen, and said film forming an oxide-free conversion surface.