Patent ID: 8722227
Filing Date: 2014-05-13
Classification: B60L,H01M,Y02E,Y02T

Abstract:
1. An energy storage device, comprising: a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode current collector, and an ion-permeable membrane separating the positive current collector and the negative current collector; a positive electrode disposed between the positive electrode current collector and the ion-permeable membrane; the positive electrode current collector and the ion-permeable membrane defining a positive electroactive zone accommodating the positive electrode; and a negative electrode disposed between the negative electrode current collector and the ion-permeable membrane; the negative electrode current collector and the ion-permeable membrane defining a negative electroactive zone accommodating the negative electrode; wherein at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode includes a semi-solid or condensed liquid ion-storing redox composition, the semi-solid or condensed liquid ion-storing redox composition including a conductive additive selected from metal carbides, metal nitrides, carbon black, graphitic carbon powder, carbon fibers, carbon microfibers, vapor-grown carbon fibers (VGCF), fullerenes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), graphene sheets, and materials comprising fullerenic fragments that are not predominantly a closed shell or tube of the graphene sheet, and mixtures thereof, and wherein the semi-solid or condensed liquid ion-storing redox composition is capable of taking up or releasing ions, remains substantially insoluble during operation of the cell, and has a thickness of about 250 μm to about 800 μm.