Patent ID: 9117680
Filing Date: 2015-08-25
Classification: A61B,A61N,B23K,B82Y,H01L

Abstract:
1. An electrode comprising a solid, monolithic substrate having an outer peripheral surface; the outer peripheral surface having a topography defined by a plurality of discrete macro protrusions distributed about and extending outwardly from the outer peripheral surface, the macro protrusions having a width in the range of from about 0.15 μm to about 50 μm; a plurality of discrete micro protrusions distributed on and extending outwardly from the macro protrusions, the micro protrusions having a width ranging from about 0.15 μm to about 5 μm; and a plurality of discrete nano protrusions distributed on and extending outwardly from the micro protrusions, the nano protrusions having a width ranging from about 0.01 μm to about 1 μm.