MRMRbenchmark/traffic huggingface dataset:
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

185 At night, the depth of flood water can be deceptive. If in doubt, take an alternative route.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

186 Stretches of open highways are usually subjected to strong winds. To avoid the danger of being forced into the path of other traffic by the wind, you should slow down and drive cautiously.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

187 LIGHT CONDITIONS  

Too much or too little light will affect our ability to see. Sun-glare or light reflected off objects or a pool of water on the road can dazzle and even blind our vision. You should wear sunglasses or lower the sun-visor when it is very bright.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

188 Switch on your headlights from 7pm to 7am. Drive at a slower speed than you would during the day.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

189 When the headlight of an oncoming vehicle dazzles you, look to your left to avoid the glare. Use the edge of the road to guide your vehicle. If the light is blinding, slow down and stop by the side of the road.
# PART A: DRIVING LICENCES

# INTRODUCTION  

The “Basic Theory of Driving” handbook is essential reading for all road users in Singapore, which comprise the pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. It covers The Highway Code, which includes the traffic rules, traffic regulations, traffic signs and signals, and it aims to educate and promote road safety for the road users. Many of the rules and regulations in the Code are legal requirements, and if you disobey them, you are committing a traffic offence. You may be fined and given demerit points on your driving licence, which may lead to suspension or revocation of your driving licence, or you may be disqualified by the Courts from driving. Knowing and applying the traffic rules and regulations in The Highway Code could significantly help to reduce road accidents, casualties and fatalities on our roads.  

# DRIVER IMPROVEMENT POINTS SYSTEM (DIPS)  

# Key Features Of DIPS  

# Suspension Of Driving Licence  

# Non-Probationary Motorists  

19	 Where the suspension period lasts a year or longer (i.e. 3rd suspension onwards), the driving licence will be revoked and become invalid. The licence holder will have to retake all the necessary driving tests (theory and practical) to obtain a licence to drive/ride again.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

190 When facing oncoming traffic, dip your headlights.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

191 Dip your headlight when you are immediately behind another vehicle. If not, the beam from your headlight will be reflected by the rear view mirror of the car in front and dazzle the driver.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

192 On approaching bends where visibility is poor, use your high beam. This will attract the attention of other road users and warn them of your approach.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

193  It is safer not to out-drive your normal headlight range. The average headlight on high beam is about 100 metres.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

194 ROAD CONDITIONS  

A good driver should know how to read and adjust his/her speed accordingly to suit the road conditions, such as:  

(a) The width of the road;

(b) The kind of road surface he/she is driving on;

(c) The contour of the road;

(d) The possible danger of hazards ahead.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

195 On a sandy or pebbled surface, there is a greater risk of 'side slipping'. Try to avoid hard acceleration, braking and sudden sharp turning of the steering wheel.  
  

(a) On roads with uneven surfaces, drive slowly.  
  

(b) If you encounter large pot-holes, reduce your speed further and proceed slowly.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

196  If the rear of your vehicle skids side way, remove the foot from the accelerator at once. Never apply the brakes during a skid correction, steer in the direction of the skid.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

197 When driving round a bend or sharp corner at high speed, your vehicle tends to be pushed out of its path of travel by a force called the Centrifugal Force.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

198 The greater the travelling speed around the curve or the sharper the curve, the more the vehicle will be pushed from its path. You should therefore reduce speed when going round a bend. The diagram on the right shows the appropriate speed and the dangerous speed for each turning radius.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

199 TRAFFIC CONDITIONS  

Traffic conditions vary depending on time, place and situation. Traffic may be congested or relatively light. The speed of other vehicles also varies. Try to drive with the traffic in order not to disrupt its flow.
# PART A: DRIVING LICENCES

# INTRODUCTION  

The “Basic Theory of Driving” handbook is essential reading for all road users in Singapore, which comprise the pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. It covers The Highway Code, which includes the traffic rules, traffic regulations, traffic signs and signals, and it aims to educate and promote road safety for the road users. Many of the rules and regulations in the Code are legal requirements, and if you disobey them, you are committing a traffic offence. You may be fined and given demerit points on your driving licence, which may lead to suspension or revocation of your driving licence, or you may be disqualified by the Courts from driving. Knowing and applying the traffic rules and regulations in The Highway Code could significantly help to reduce road accidents, casualties and fatalities on our roads.  

# FITNESS TO DRIVE  

2  In order to qualify for a driving licence to drive or ride a motor vehicle on the roads in Singapore, an applicant:  

(i) Must be at least 18 years old;

(ii) Must have passed the test of competence to drive;

(iii) Must not be suffering from mental disorder;

(iv) Must not be suffering from epilepsy;

(v) Must not be liable to sudden attacks of disabling giddiness or fainting;

(vi) Must be able to read at a distance of 25 metres (with the aid of glasses, if worn) a series of 6 letters and figures in white on a black background of the same size and arrangement as those prescribed for the identification mark of a motor vehicle; and

(vii) Must be able to distinguish the colours red, amber and green from a distance of 25 metres.
# PART A: DRIVING LICENCES

# INTRODUCTION  

The “Basic Theory of Driving” handbook is essential reading for all road users in Singapore, which comprise the pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. It covers The Highway Code, which includes the traffic rules, traffic regulations, traffic signs and signals, and it aims to educate and promote road safety for the road users. Many of the rules and regulations in the Code are legal requirements, and if you disobey them, you are committing a traffic offence. You may be fined and given demerit points on your driving licence, which may lead to suspension or revocation of your driving licence, or you may be disqualified by the Courts from driving. Knowing and applying the traffic rules and regulations in The Highway Code could significantly help to reduce road accidents, casualties and fatalities on our roads.  

# DRIVER IMPROVEMENT POINTS SYSTEM (DIPS)  

# Key Features Of DIPS  

# Suspension Of Driving Licence  

# Non-Probationary Motorists  

20  Motorists liable for 1st and 2nd suspensions will be offered a retraining course to correct their driving behaviour. If they take and pass the retraining course, they will be given a remission on their suspension period: 

(a) For 1st suspension, the suspension period will be reduced from 12 weeks to 4 weeks. If none of their traffic offences leading to their 1st suspension was involved in a traffic accident, their suspension period will be further reduced to 1 week; and 

(b) For 2nd suspension, it will be reduced from 24 weeks to 12 weeks.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

200 Adjust your speed to the traffic and road situation. Situations change as you travel from urban built-up areas to sub-urban and then to rural areas.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

201  In urban areas, traffic is slow and heavy. Traffic is faster and lighter in suburban areas. In rural areas, traffic is generally light. Whatever the traffic conditions, the driver has the responsibility to be careful and alert at all times.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# SAFE DRIVING TECHNIQUE (DEFENSIVE DRIVING TECHNIQUE)  

202 DRIVING OVERSEAS  

Most countries in Europe adopt a left hand drive system, ie. you'll find the steering wheel on the other side of the car.  

For more information on overseas driving tips, please refer to the Automobile Association of Singapore’s website. Being prepared will allow you to drive more confidently.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# STOPPING AND MOVING OFF AT TRAFFIC LIGHT JUNCTIONS

203 (a) WHEN STOPPING  

<html>
<table><thead><tr><th>DO's</th><th>DON'Ts</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1. Stop before and close to the stop-line.</td><td>1. Stop beyond or too far from the stopline.</td></tr><tr><td>2. Leave a safety gap of 2 metres between your vehicle and the vehicle in front.</td><td>2. Stop less than 2 metres behind the vehicle in front.</td></tr><tr><td>3. Apply the handbrake after stopping.</td><td>3. While waiting for the lights to change,</td></tr><tr><td>4. Be alert to the traffic around you while waiting for the lights to change.</td><td>a. read newspapers, magazines, etc.</td></tr><tr><td>5. Position your vehicle in the centre of the lane.</td><td>b.sip drinks,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>c. adjust the car audio system,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>d. use the car-phone,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>e. rev the engine.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>4. ‘Inch’ forward while waiting for the lights to change.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>5. Stop under shades which are far from the junction.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>6. Allow passengers to alight or board your vehicle.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>7. Stop suddenly.</td></tr></tbody></table>
</html>  

(b) WHEN MOVING OFF  

<html>
<table><thead><tr><th colspan="2" align="center"><strong>DO's</strong></th><th colspan="2" align="center"><strong>DON'Ts</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">1. Move only when the lights turn &#x27;green&#x27;.</td><td align="right">1. Move off before the lights change even though there are no approaching vehicles.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">2. Look to the right and left for approaching vehicles before moving.</td><td align="right">2. Accelerate harshly.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">3. Look out for pedestrians crossing the road in front of you.</td><td align="right">3. Move before it is safe to proceed.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">4. Wait 2 secs after the vehicle in front has moved off, before proceeding.</td><td align="right">4. Change your direction of travel.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">5. Proceed only in the direction indicated on the lane.</td><td align="right">5. Overtake slow moving vehicles in front of you.</td></tr><tr><td align="left">6. Give way to vehicles beating the lights.</td><td align="right">6. Weave past pedestrians crossing the road.</td></tr></tbody></table>
</html>
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE ROAD

# ROADWORTHINESS  

204 Maintain your vehicle in a roadworthy condition. You should pay attention to the following matters in regard to maintenance, which if attended to, could prevent accidents.  

(a) Tyres
Keep your tyres up to the correct pressure. Tyres that have treads less than 1.6mm in depth should be replaced. Smooth or bald tyres will cause skids when you brake hard in an emergency, whether the road is wet or dry.
(b) Brakes
Have the brake system checked regularly, particularly hydraulic brakes, for any leakage of brake fluid may indicate that a serious fault is developing.
(c) Steering
The steering assembly of your car should be regularly checked and kept in good condition. Check for vibration or too much looseness in the steering mechanism or wheels that are out of alignment. A car that wanders on the road because of faulty steering is as dangerous as a car being driven by a drunk driver.
(d) Lights
Check all your vehicle lights regularly.
(e) Direction Indicators
Keep your signalling devices in order by checking them frequently. Signal lights that do not light up when required may cause an accident.
(f) Horn
Check your horn to make sure it is in working order.
(g) Radiator Coolant
Check the level of coolant in the radiator regularly. Most modern cars come with a coolant reservoir and the correct coolant level should be somewhere between the 'high' and 'low' indicator markings. Checking should be done when the engine is cool especially for cars without coolant reservoirs. Coolant in the radiator is highly pressurised when hot and releasing the radiator cap may drench you with boiling liquid. Ensure that the engine is cool before opening the radiator cap.
(h) Engine Oil
Keep enough oil in the engine and have the oil changed periodically. Check the oil level with the help of the dip-stick.
(i) Windscreen Wipers
Make sure that your windscreen wipers are kept in good condition. Dirty windscreens and faulty wipers will hinder vision when it rains.
(j) Battery
Keep the battery and its terminals clean. Make sure that the connections at the terminals are securely tightened. Check the level of the battery water if your battery is not the maintenance-free type. If the water level is below the 'low' level, add distilled or commercially available battery water. Refilling with tap water will shorten battery life considerably.
(k) Exhaust
All vehicles must be maintained in a condition and be driven in a manner so as to eliminate excessive emission of smoke and noise. Smoke and noise are a nuisance and hazardous to health. Check the exhaust system regularly. If exhaust fumes leak into the passenger compartment, especially if the car is idling with its air-conditioner on, it can be dangerous as there is a likelihood of carbon-monoxide poisoning.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# WORK ZONES

# ROAD USERS AT WORK ZONES  

# Motorists, Motorcyclists or Cyclists  

205 Take special care to watch out for the warning of the work activity and the obstruction ahead. Be alert of the traffic situation around you.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# WORK ZONES

# ROAD USERS AT WORK ZONES  

# Motorists, Motorcyclists or Cyclists  

206 Observe the orange warning and information signs that are to help you. You must not exceed any temporary maximum speed limit posted at the work zone for your safety.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# WORK ZONES

# ROAD USERS AT WORK ZONES  

# Motorists, Motorcyclists or Cyclists  

207 Get into the correct lane in good time. Do not switch lanes to overtake queuing traffic or move through an area marked off by traffic cones or barriers.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# WORK ZONES

# ROAD USERS AT WORK ZONES  

# Motorists, Motorcyclists or Cyclists  

208 Be careful not to get into the path of traffic entering or leaving the work area. Do not be distracted by the activity in the work area. Concentrate on the road ahead and keep a safe distance from the traffic in front.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# WORK ZONES

# ROAD USERS AT WORK ZONES  

# Pedestrians  

209 Keep away from the work area. Do not enter the work area for convenience or a short cut.
# PART A: DRIVING LICENCES

# INTRODUCTION  

The “Basic Theory of Driving” handbook is essential reading for all road users in Singapore, which comprise the pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. It covers The Highway Code, which includes the traffic rules, traffic regulations, traffic signs and signals, and it aims to educate and promote road safety for the road users. Many of the rules and regulations in the Code are legal requirements, and if you disobey them, you are committing a traffic offence. You may be fined and given demerit points on your driving licence, which may lead to suspension or revocation of your driving licence, or you may be disqualified by the Courts from driving. Knowing and applying the traffic rules and regulations in The Highway Code could significantly help to reduce road accidents, casualties and fatalities on our roads.  

# DRIVER IMPROVEMENT POINTS SYSTEM (DIPS)  

# Key Features Of DIPS  

# Suspension Of Driving Licence  

# Non-Probationary Motorists  

21	 There is no offer of retraining course and remission for 3rd and subsequent suspensions.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# WORK ZONES

# ROAD USERS AT WORK ZONES  

# Pedestrians  

210 Follow the direction sign for the alternative path provided when the footpath is blocked. Do not walk along the traffic lane if it is not designated and cordoned off for pedestrians.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# WORK ZONES

# WORK ZONE SIGNS  

211 These signs are displayed along the work zone, the section of the road affected by a work activity where temporary traffic control is exercised. These signs contain a black symbol or message with or without a logo on an orange background and are either diamond-shaped for warning or rectangular-shaped for information to the road users. Lateral shift markers are work zone signs that indicate a lateral change in direction of the carriageway or a sharp bend in a road diversion through the work zone.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# WORK ZONES

# WORK ZONE SIGNS  

212 Typical examples of work zone signs are illustrated below:
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN SPECIAL ZONES

# SCHOOL ZONE SAFETY  

213  Children are vulnerable road users with limited experience using the roads, thus it is of paramount importance to keep school zones safe.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN SPECIAL ZONES

# ROAD SAFETY MEASURES  

214  Several road engineering measures have been installed in school zones to enhance safety. These include: (a) Prominent school zone signs that remind motorists to drive carefully (b) Traffic calming measures such as road humps (c) Pedestrian crossings (d) Parking restriction lines (e) Railings along the road centre to deter jaywalking (f) Parts of the road surface near the school gate are covered with a red texture to catch drivers' attention and alert them to drive carefully and to look out for children crossing the road.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN SPECIAL ZONES

# DRIVING IN SCHOOL ZONES  

215  (a) Slow down and drive very carefully when you are in a school zone  

(b) Be extra vigilant in watching out for children crossing the road as they may be easily blocked from your view due to their height.

(c) Be patient when you encounter heavy traffic at school zones during school peak hours. If you are rushing for time, please take other routes if you can.

(d) If you drive your child to school, let him/her alight at safe and proper drop-off points.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN SPECIAL ZONES

# SILVER ZONE SAFETY  

216 Silver zones are designated areas with enhanced road safety engineering measures such as new signs, road features and markings to change the character of the street, making it safe and more convenient for senior pedestrians to cross the road.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN SPECIAL ZONES

# SILVER ZONE SAFETY  

217 Silver zones are found in selected housing estates with high senior populations, relatively higher accident rates involving senior and proximity to places where seniors frequent.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN SPECIAL ZONES

# ROAD SAFETY MEASURES  

218 Several road safety engineering measures have been installed in silver zones to enhance road safety for all road users, senior pedestrians in particular. These includes: (a) Silver zone gateway treatment which includes signs and road markings to indicate the start of a silver zone.  
  

(b) Setback crossings to provide reduced crossing distance for pedestrians. (c) 2-stage crossings so that pedestrians can rest momentarily at the pedestrian refuge (centre divider) before continuing to cross the road (d) Centre divider to narrow lanes and reduce vehicles’ travel speeds. (e) Traffic calming measures such as chicanes and eye\-lands (horizontal curves constructed along existing straight stretches of roads), pinch points (narrowed lanes to slow motorists down) and bus\-friendly humps. (f) Silver zone bollards at crossings to highlight the crossing points.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN SPECIAL ZONES

# DRIVING IN SILVER ZONES  

219 (a) Drive slow and carefully within silver zones, especially when approaching crossings. (b) Be extra vigilant in watching out for all pedestrians, especially senior pedestrians crossing the road. (c) Be patient when you encounter senior pedestrians crossing within silver zones as they may require a longer crossing time.
# PART A: DRIVING LICENCES

# INTRODUCTION  

The “Basic Theory of Driving” handbook is essential reading for all road users in Singapore, which comprise the pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. It covers The Highway Code, which includes the traffic rules, traffic regulations, traffic signs and signals, and it aims to educate and promote road safety for the road users. Many of the rules and regulations in the Code are legal requirements, and if you disobey them, you are committing a traffic offence. You may be fined and given demerit points on your driving licence, which may lead to suspension or revocation of your driving licence, or you may be disqualified by the Courts from driving. Knowing and applying the traffic rules and regulations in The Highway Code could significantly help to reduce road accidents, casualties and fatalities on our roads.  

# DRIVER IMPROVEMENT POINTS SYSTEM (DIPS)  

# Key Features Of DIPS  

# Suspension Of Driving Licence  

# Non-Probationary Motorists  

22	 During the suspension period, the licence holder’s photocard driving licence must be surrendered to Traffic Police. For 1st and 2nd suspensions, the licence holder’s photocard driving licence will be returned to him/her upon the expiry of the suspension period.  

The following table summarises the suspension rules under DIPS for non-probationary motorists.  

<html>
<table><thead><tr><th>Level Of Suspensions</th><th>Criteria for Suspension</th><th>Period of Suspension</th><th>Maximum Remission Allowed</th><th>Balance Period Of Suspension After Retraining</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1st suspension</td><td>24 points or more within 24 months</td><td>12 weeks</td><td>8 weeks (after passing retraining)</td><td>4 weeks OR 1 week (If none of the traffic offences leading to the 1st suspension was involved in a traffic accident)</td></tr><tr><td>2nd suspension</td><td>12 points or more within 12 months</td><td>24 weeks</td><td>12 weeks (after passing retraining)</td><td>12 weeks</td></tr><tr><td>3rd suspension</td><td>12 points or more within 12 months</td><td>12 months</td><td>0</td><td>12 months (Licence revoked)</td></tr><tr><td>4th suspension</td><td>12 points or more within 12 months</td><td>24 months</td><td>0</td><td>24 months (Licence revoked)</td></tr><tr><td>5th suspension and above</td><td>12 points or more within 12 months</td><td>36 months</td><td>0</td><td>36 months (Licence revoked)</td></tr></tbody></table>
</html>
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN TUNNELS

# DAILY DRIVING RULES  

220 The following is a list of Do's in the tunnel:  

(a) Plan your route well in advance; (b) Turn on the vehicle headlights; (c) Turn on the radio; (d) Follow the traffic signs; (e) Heavy vehicles to keep left; (f) Stay in lane; (g) Insert cash card in advance for ERP payments.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN TUNNELS

# DAILY DRIVING RULES  

221 The following is a list of Don'ts in the tunnel:  

Existing Rules  

(a) Do not stop your vehicle unless in the case of an accident, breakdown, emergency or when lawfully required to do so; (b) Do not make any U\-turns or reverse your vehicle.  

Tunnel-Specific Rules  

(a) Do not alight from your vehicle unless in an emergency; (b) Do not use your horn except in an emergency; (c) Do not change your tyre or wheel; (d) Do not refuel or repair your vehicle; (e) Do not overtake; (f) Do not tailgate; (g) Do not speed.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN TUNNELS

# DAILY DRIVING RULES  

222  The following is a list of vehicles which are prohibited in the tunnel:  

(a) Vehicle which is not carrying sufficient fuel in its fuel tank; (b) Vehicle carrying animals or poultry which are not properly controlled or confined, or carrying garbage, fine particles or other similar materials which are not sufficiently covered; (c) Vehicle with a load or the cover of the load not properly secured; (d) Vehicle carrying a person standing on the outside of the vehicle or seated with any part of his/her person overhanging the sides or rear of the vehicle; (e) Vehicle whose overall height is 4.5 metres or above; (f) Vehicle whose overall width exceeds 3 metres; (g) Vehicle whose overall length exceeds 13 metres; (h) Vehicle which is carrying hazardous materials; (i) Trailer conveying a standard container; (j) Tanker carrying diesel fuel; (k) Motorcycles with side cars attached, invalid carriages, three-wheeled vans, low trailers, concrete trucks, cranes, excavators, road pavers, tractors, dumpers, wheel loaders, bulldozers, graders, mobile concrete pumps or hydrant dispensers; (l) Vehicle with speed limit of 40km/h and below.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# DRIVING IN TUNNELS

# DAILY DRIVING RULES  

223 Vehicles which have a speed limit of 60km/h and below shall be driven along the left lane of the expressway.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# AUTONOMOUS VEHIVLE(AV)

# INTRODUCTION  

224 An AV is a vehicle that can drive from a starting location to a pre-determined destination using various technologies and sensors to sense its environment and navigate in autonomous mode.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# AUTONOMOUS VEHIVLE(AV)

# INTRODUCTION  

225 As part of the long-term vision of deploying autonomous vehicles and shared-mobility concepts to complement our multi-modal land transport system in Singapore, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) started facilitating AV trials in July 2015 at one-north. The AV test-bed area was recently expanded to neighbouring areas such as the National University of Singapore, Singapore Science Park 1 and 2, Dover and Buona Vista. For public notification, signboards are put up in the test areas to indicate that trials are being carried out.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# AUTONOMOUS VEHIVLE(AV)

# HOW TO RECOGNISE AN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES ON TRIAL?  

226 AVs that are approved by LTA for the purpose of trials on public roads are issued with permits and sport decals for easy recognition by road users.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# AUTONOMOUS VEHIVLE(AV)

# HOW TO INTERACT WITH AN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE ON TRIAL  

227 A good driver is not merely one who is skilful in handling his/her vehicle competently but more importantly is one who is safe. In addition, a good driver must also be patient, considerate and courteous. He must have a sense of responsibility for the safety of other road users and the ability to concentrate, anticipate and react appropriately while driving.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# AUTONOMOUS VEHIVLE(AV)

# HOW TO INTERACT WITH AN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE ON TRIAL  

228 Safe driving calls for total awareness of what other road users are doing. The correct attitude towards driving will make the road a safer and more pleasant place.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# AUTONOMOUS VEHIVLE(AV)

# HOW TO INTERACT WITH AN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE ON TRIAL  

229 When you notice an AV being tested on the road, you should continue driving safely as you would normally do. You are advised to observe these simple driving practices:  

(a) Do not tailgate  

(i) Tailgating, or following too closely behind another vehicle is a dangerous practice. If the front vehicle stops suddenly, an accident is inevitable since you will not be able to stop in time.  

(b) Maintain a safe following distance  

(i) Drive at a steady speed and avoid unnecessary acceleration or braking.

(ii) Maintain a safe distance between your vehicle and the AV so that you will have more time to react if necessary.  

(c) Overtake only if necessary  

(i) Never overtake unless you can do so without endangering yourself or others. Similar to overtaking any other vehicles, you need to check that it is safe to do so and leave a safe gap between your vehicle and the AV when overtaking.

(ii) After overtaking, return to the appropriate lane on the road as soon as it is safe to do so, but do not cut in sharply in front of the vehicle you have just overtaken.
# PART A: DRIVING LICENCES

# INTRODUCTION  

The “Basic Theory of Driving” handbook is essential reading for all road users in Singapore, which comprise the pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. It covers The Highway Code, which includes the traffic rules, traffic regulations, traffic signs and signals, and it aims to educate and promote road safety for the road users. Many of the rules and regulations in the Code are legal requirements, and if you disobey them, you are committing a traffic offence. You may be fined and given demerit points on your driving licence, which may lead to suspension or revocation of your driving licence, or you may be disqualified by the Courts from driving. Knowing and applying the traffic rules and regulations in The Highway Code could significantly help to reduce road accidents, casualties and fatalities on our roads.  

# DRIVER IMPROVEMENT POINTS SYSTEM (DIPS)  

# Key Features Of DIPS  

# Multiple Notice Of Demerit Points Accumulated  

23 Motorists will be notified and updated of their demerit point status after settling every offence where demerit points are awarded. The intent of the letter is to pre-warn the licence holders to improve their driving behaviour, and encourage them to remain offence-free for 12 months for their demerit points to be expunged; otherwise they may face the consequence of becoming liable for suspension.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE (EM) 

# INTRODUCTION  

230 Electric powered motorcycles and scooters are plug-in-electric vehicles with two or three wheels. The electricity is stored on board in a rechargeable battery, which drives one or more electric motors.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE (EM) 

# INTRODUCTION  

231 Electric powered motorcycles and scooters are generally of the same size and weight and are comparable in performance with petrol driven motorcycles.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE (EM) 

# FEATURES OF ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLES  

232  The features of the electric motorcycles are similar to the petrol engine motorcycles. They generally have the same operating function such as brakes, mirrors, lights and etc.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE (EM) 

# FEATURES OF ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLES  

233  The only diference is that electric motorcycle runs on automatic transmission gear without having the clutch which is used for manual transmission motorcycles. Similarly, some petrol engine motorcycles and scooters presently runs on automatic transmission.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE (EM) 

# FEATURES OF ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLES  

234  Electric motorcycles have better acceleration as they develop higher torque. Generally electric motorcycles weigh lighter and have a low engine noise.
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE (EM) 

# CLASSES OF DRIVING LICENCES  

235 The following table is the categorisation of electric motorcycles with existing Class 2B, 2A and 2 categories under the law.  

<html>
<table><thead><tr><th><strong>Licence Class</strong></th><th><strong>Categorisation for Petrol Motorcycles</strong></th><th><strong>Categorisation for Electric Motorcycles</strong></th><th><strong>Existing Driving Requirements</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Class 2B</strong></td><td>Below 200cc.</td><td>Below 15kW.</td><td>Pass the Basic Theory Test, Riding Theory Test and Class 2B practical driving test.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Class 2A</strong></td><td>Between 200cc and 400cc.</td><td>Between 15kW to 25 kW.</td><td>Possess a valid Class 2B licence for at least one year, and pass the Class 2A practical driving test.</td></tr><tr><td><strong>Class 2</strong></td><td>Above 400cc.</td><td>Above 25kW.</td><td>Possess a valid Class 2A licence for at least one year, and pass the Class 2 practical driving test.</td></tr></tbody></table>
</html>
# PART B(to be tested during Basic Theory Test)

# ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE (EM) 

# ADAPTING TO ELECTRIC MOTORCYCLE  

236 Although the electric motorcycle features and operations are quite similar to petrol engine motorcycles, riders should accustom themselves with the electric motorcycle faster acceleration. The general road safety rules should be when riding the electric motorcycle.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# PARKING IN URA/HDB CAR PARKS  

237 Coupon Parking System  

(a) Please read the car park signboard carefully when parking your vehicle at any HDB or URA car park. Besides the car park signboard, motorists are advised to look out for other parking restrictions signs within the car park. (b) The car park signboard, which is located either at the entrance of each car park or along the public road, will indicate the different parking schemes, their operating hours and parking rates available in the car parks. (c) Sufficient coupons must be displayed to cover the parking period. The relevant tabs must be torn off completely to indicate the date and start time of parking the vehicle. (d) Displaying a coupon with any irregularity which indicates that the coupon has been tampered with (e.g. tabs with folded/creased marks) is a serious offence. Such offences are chargeable in Court. (e) Parking coupons can be purchased from authorised sales outlets.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# PARKING IN URA/HDB CAR PARKS  

238 Electronic Parking System  

(a) Some HDB/URA car parks use the Electronic Parking System (EPS). With EPS, parking charges are on a per-minute basis. (b) For short\-term parking, the system reads the In\-Vehicle Unit (IU) numbers of the vehicles entering the car park. Payment of parking charges can be through cash card or EZ\-link card. (c) For season parking, the system captures the IU numbers of the season parking ticket holder’s vehicle for identification, to allow the vehicle to enter and leave the car park. (d) For more information, please visit www.hdb.gov.sg or www.ura.gov.sg.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# PARKING IN URA/HDB CAR PARKS  

239   

(a) Signboards In Housing & Development Board (HDB) Car Parks
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# PARKING IN URA/HDB CAR PARKS  

239   

(b) Signboards In Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) Car Parks
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# PARKING IN URA/HDB CAR PARKS  

239 

(c) Line Markings For Parking Lots
# PART A: DRIVING LICENCES

# INTRODUCTION  

The “Basic Theory of Driving” handbook is essential reading for all road users in Singapore, which comprise the pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. It covers The Highway Code, which includes the traffic rules, traffic regulations, traffic signs and signals, and it aims to educate and promote road safety for the road users. Many of the rules and regulations in the Code are legal requirements, and if you disobey them, you are committing a traffic offence. You may be fined and given demerit points on your driving licence, which may lead to suspension or revocation of your driving licence, or you may be disqualified by the Courts from driving. Knowing and applying the traffic rules and regulations in The Highway Code could significantly help to reduce road accidents, casualties and fatalities on our roads.  

# DRIVER IMPROVEMENT POINTS SYSTEM (DIPS)  

# Key Features Of DIPS  

# Incentives For Good Driving Behaviour  

24	 A licence holder who maintains a 12\-month period free of scheduled offences from the date of the last scheduled offence committed will have all his/her previous demerit points removed from his/her record.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# LANE USE AND VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNS (LUS)  

240 Lane Use Signs are overhead signs in the KPE, CTE, MCE, Woodsville and Fort Canning tunnels which are used to inform motorists of any precautions to take prior to proceeding ahead on the lane. Each lane use sign will display either a green-down arrow, flashing amber cross or a red cross. A green-down arrow indicates that a motorist can drive on ahead; a flashing amber cross indicates that a motorist needs to drive with caution (e.g. obstructions on the lane ahead); and a red cross indicates that a motorist shall not proceed beyond the sign. Motorists travelling in the tunnel are to adhere to the displays shown on these overhead lane use signs.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# LANE USE AND VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNS (LUS)  

241 The Variable Message Signs on the road are used to disseminate traffic condition information to motorists.  

There are various types of Variable Message Signs along the tunnels and at arterial roads leading to tunnels:  

(a) Entrance Variable Message Signs (EVMS): Located at the entrance of the slip road leading into the tunnel.  

(b) Arterial Variable Message Signs (AVMS): Located along an arterial road that leads to the entrance to the tunnel.  

(c) Tunnel Variable Message Signs (TVMS): An overhead sign located in the tunnel.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# LANE USE AND VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNS (LUS)  

242  For closure of the KPE, MCE and Woodsville tunnel, barriers and traffic signal controls at entry slip road approaches will be activated.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# LANE USE AND VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNS (LUS)  

243 Variable speed limit signs are also provided in the KPE and MCE tunnels. In smooth traffic conditions, the display on the signs will show a posted speed limit (with a red ring) that requires motorists' compliance. At times of congestion, recommended lower speed limits can be displayed (without a red ring) to smoothen out the flow, reduce the risk of flow breakdown and minimise the risk of accidents.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# LANE USE AND VARIABLE MESSAGE SIGNS (LUS)  

244 KM markings are found on the vertical face of the kerb wall in the MCE, KPE and CTE tunnels to provide location referencing for the motorists
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Exit  

245 Exit doors are located next to both the slow and fast lanes of the MCE, KPE and CTE tunnels.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Exit  

246  Escape Staircase doors - These exit doors next to the slow lanes can generally be found at intervals of 500m in the main tunnel. There are also exit doors along the slip roads. These exit doors lead to escape staircases which open up to surface roads or open areas. 
 

CTE Escape
Staircase Doors
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Exit  

247 Cross-passage doors - These exit doors next to the fast lanes are located at intervals of 100m in the main tunnel and they lead to the opposite-bound tunnel.   
  

CTE Cross
Passage Doors
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Exit  

248 During an emergency, additional flashing lights at the doors will be lighted up to alert motorists of the emergency situation and the need for evacuation, and to draw their attention to the exit locations.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Communication (OCC - Operations Control Centre)  

249 Emergency telephones are provided in the tunnel next to the slow lane at approximately 100m intervals.  
  

Emergency (SOS) Phone
# PART A: DRIVING LICENCES

# INTRODUCTION  

The “Basic Theory of Driving” handbook is essential reading for all road users in Singapore, which comprise the pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and drivers. It covers The Highway Code, which includes the traffic rules, traffic regulations, traffic signs and signals, and it aims to educate and promote road safety for the road users. Many of the rules and regulations in the Code are legal requirements, and if you disobey them, you are committing a traffic offence. You may be fined and given demerit points on your driving licence, which may lead to suspension or revocation of your driving licence, or you may be disqualified by the Courts from driving. Knowing and applying the traffic rules and regulations in The Highway Code could significantly help to reduce road accidents, casualties and fatalities on our roads.  

# DRIVER IMPROVEMENT POINTS SYSTEM (DIPS)  

# Key Features Of DIPS  

# Incentives For Good Driving Behaviour  

25	 A licence holder who maintains a 24\-month period free of scheduled offences from the date of expiry of the last suspension will also have all his/her previous suspension(s) removed from his/her record, i.e. he/she will be treated similar to a driver with no previous suspension record.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Communication (OCC - Operations Control Centre)  

250 Each phone also has an amber light next to it that can be switched on to indicate to the motorist the OCC’s intention to communicate with him/her in the MCE and KPE tunnel. The motorist can pick up the phone set to speak to the OCC.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Communication (OCC - Operations Control Centre)

251 Radio break-in is an important tool for the OCC to communicate with motorists in the tunnel during an emergency and as a good driving habit, motorists are encouraged to tune into an FM radio channel before entering the tunnel.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Fire Protection  

252  Portable fire extinguishers are also provided in the emergency cabinet which is available at 50m intervals along the tunnel. Motorists can make use of the fire extinguishers to put out any small scale fire in their vehicles.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Fire Protection  

253  MCE and Woodsville tunnels are equipped with a water-based firefighting system. This is an overhead water sprinkler system that helps suppress fire growth rates to further protect major structural tunnel elements and minimise the potential impact of a fire.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY FACILITIES  

# Fire Protection 

254 Coupled with the ventilation system present in all our road tunnels, the water-based firefighting system enhances the overall incident management process in the event of fire.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY/INCIDENT PROCEDURES  

255 For Motorist Whose Vehicle Is Broken Down  

(a) Switch on vehicle hazard lights. (b) When possible, drive onto the road shoulder and stop the vehicle. (c) The motorist can use the nearest emergency (SOS) phone (located next to the slow lane of tunnel) to contact the OCC for assistance. Alternatively, the motorist can dial 1800-CALL LTA (1800-2255582) for assistance. (d) LTA EMAS vehicle recovery service crew will arrive at the incident site to tow the stalled vehicle to the nearest designated car park.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY/INCIDENT PROCEDURES  

256 For Motorist Who Meets With An Accident  

(a) If there is neither injury nor serious damage caused to the accident vehicles, motorists involved in the accident are advised to drive out of the tunnel (especially for accidents which occur in the tunnel) and discuss all details pertaining to the accident at a safe location e.g. public car park. (b) If there is injury, or if an accident vehicle cannot be moved, motorists can use the nearest emergency (SOS) phone (if the accident occurs in the tunnel) to contact the OCC for assistance. Alternatively, motorists can dial 1800-CALL LTA (1800-2255582) or 995/ 999 for assistance. (c) LTA EMAS and SCDF/Traffic Police response teams will arrive at the incident site to assist the motorists.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY/INCIDENT PROCEDURES  

257 For Motorist Whose Vehicle Is On Fire  

(a) Use the manual call point to sound an alarm and wait for help. (b) Use the portable fire extinguisher inside the emergency cabinet to attempt to extinguish the smoke if the situation appears manageable. (c) Dial 1800\-CALL LTA (1800\-2255582) or use the nearest emergency (SOS) phone to contact the OCC for assistance. Alternatively, the motorist could contact the OCC immediately. (d) LTA and SCDF/Traffic Police response teams will arrive at the incident site to assist the motorist.
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY/INCIDENT PROCEDURES  

258 For Motorist Who Encounters A Tunnel Emergency Eg. Fire in Tunnel  

If you are in the tunnel:  

(a) Listen to any of the local radio channels for LTA emergency announcements and instructions. (b) Look out for the lane use signs. (c) If you cannot proceed, do not attempt to reverse your vehicle; turn off your engine and leave your vehicle. Proceed to the nearest exit or escape route to leave the tunnel immediately. (d) Do not be alarmed if the overhead water sprinkler system (water\-based firefighting system) is activated (MCE and Woodsville Tunnel only).
# PART C(USEFUL INFORMATION)

# EMERGENCY/INCIDENT PROCEDURES  

259 Escape Route:  

(a) Fort Canning Tunnel (FCT) and Woodsville Tunnel (WVT) - head for the tunnel entrance or exit, whichever is safer.

(b) CTE - head for the escape staircase and cross passage doors within tunnels with walls painted with red and white stripes.

(c) KPE/MCE - head for the white escape doors with green walls within tunnels.