Task: NL2SQL (source dataset: bird)

Natural language to SQL, also known as NL2SQL, is the problem of generating a SQL query that can be executed on a input table, for a given natural language question.

You will be given an input table called "table" in the markdown format, as well as a question. Your task is to generate an SQL query that can be executed on the input table to answer the question.

Please ensure that the generated SQL only return relevant columns being specifically asked in the question (e.g., in SQL please don't return more than one columns in SELECT if only one column is needed to answer the given question, and similarly please refrain from using SELECT * unless the entire row is needed to answer the question).
 
When generating SQL code, please use the SQLite syntax to ensure that your SQL is executable on SQLite3. Use only columns that are present in the table, always use quotes around your column and table names (some column names have punctuation or special characters), and refer to the columns using the column-names exactly as they appear in the table, do not add or remove punctuation (underscore, slash, etc.)

No explanation, return the code only with the following markdown codeblock format : ```sql<SQL CODE>```. For example, ```sql
SELECT * FROM "table"
``` is a valid format.

Database:
superhero

Tables:

Table: alignment
|   id | alignment   |
|-----:|:------------|
|    1 | Good        |
|    2 | Bad         |
|    3 | Neutral     |
|    4 | N/A         |


Table: attribute
|   id | attribute_name   |
|-----:|:-----------------|
|    1 | Intelligence     |
|    2 | Strength         |
|    3 | Speed            |
|    4 | Durability       |
|    5 | Power            |
|    6 | Combat           |


Table: colour
|   id | colour      |
|-----:|:------------|
|    1 | No Colour   |
|    2 | Amber       |
|    3 | Auburn      |
|    4 | Black       |
|    5 | Black/Blue  |
|    6 | Blond       |
|    7 | Blue        |
|    8 | Blue/White  |
|    9 | Brown       |
|   10 | Brown/Black |


Table: gender
|   id | gender   |
|-----:|:---------|
|    1 | Male     |
|    2 | Female   |
|    3 | N/A      |


Table: publisher
|   id | publisher_name    |
|-----:|:------------------|
|    1 |                   |
|    2 | ABC Studios       |
|    3 | Dark Horse Comics |
|    4 | DC Comics         |
|    5 | George Lucas      |
|    6 | Hanna-Barbera     |
|    7 | HarperCollins     |
|    8 | Icon Comics       |
|    9 | IDW Publishing    |
|   10 | Image Comics      |


Table: race
|   id | race       |
|-----:|:-----------|
|    1 | -          |
|    2 | Alien      |
|    3 | Alpha      |
|    4 | Amazon     |
|    5 | Android    |
|    6 | Animal     |
|    7 | Asgardian  |
|    8 | Atlantean  |
|    9 | Bizarro    |
|   10 | Bolovaxian |


Table: superhero
|   id | superhero_name   | full_name              |   gender_id |   eye_colour_id |   hair_colour_id |   skin_colour_id |   race_id |   publisher_id |   alignment_id |   height_cm |   weight_kg |
|-----:|:-----------------|:-----------------------|------------:|----------------:|-----------------:|-----------------:|----------:|---------------:|---------------:|------------:|------------:|
|    1 | 3-D Man          | Charles Chandler       |           1 |               9 |               13 |                1 |         1 |             13 |              1 |         188 |          90 |
|    2 | A-Bomb           | Richard Milhouse Jones |           1 |              33 |                1 |                1 |        24 |             13 |              1 |         203 |         441 |
|    3 | Abe Sapien       | Abraham Sapien         |           1 |               7 |                1 |                7 |        33 |              3 |              1 |         191 |          65 |
|    4 | Abin Sur         | -                      |           1 |               7 |                1 |               23 |        55 |              4 |              1 |         185 |          90 |
|    5 | Abomination      | Emil Blonsky           |           1 |              14 |                1 |                1 |        28 |             13 |              2 |         203 |         441 |
|    6 | Abraxas          | Abraxas                |           1 |               7 |                4 |                1 |        12 |             13 |              2 |           0 |           0 |
|    7 | Absorbing Man    |                        |           1 |               7 |                1 |                1 |        24 |             13 |              2 |         193 |         122 |
|    8 | Adam Monroe      | -                      |           1 |               7 |                6 |                1 |         1 |             15 |              1 |           0 |           0 |
|    9 | Adam Strange     | Adam Strange           |           1 |               7 |                6 |                1 |        24 |              4 |              1 |         185 |          88 |
|   10 | Agent 13         | Sharon Carter          |           2 |               7 |                6 |                1 |         1 |             13 |              1 |         173 |          61 |


Table: hero_attribute
|   hero_id |   attribute_id |   attribute_value |
|----------:|---------------:|------------------:|
|         1 |              1 |                80 |
|         2 |              1 |                75 |
|         3 |              1 |                95 |
|         4 |              1 |                80 |
|         5 |              1 |                85 |
|         6 |              1 |               100 |
|         8 |              1 |                85 |
|         9 |              1 |                85 |
|        10 |              1 |                80 |
|        11 |              1 |                60 |


Table: superpower
|   id | power_name            |
|-----:|:----------------------|
|    1 | Agility               |
|    2 | Accelerated Healing   |
|    3 | Lantern Power Ring    |
|    4 | Dimensional Awareness |
|    5 | Cold Resistance       |
|    6 | Durability            |
|    7 | Stealth               |
|    8 | Energy Absorption     |
|    9 | Flight                |
|   10 | Danger Sense          |


Table: hero_power
|   hero_id |   power_id |
|----------:|-----------:|
|         1 |          1 |
|         1 |         18 |
|         1 |         26 |
|         1 |         31 |
|         2 |          2 |
|         2 |          6 |
|         2 |         16 |
|         2 |         18 |
|         2 |         26 |
|         2 |         51 |


Question: How many superheroes didn't have any publisher?

db_id: superhero
tables: name: alignment
data: alignment.csv
name: attribute
data: attribute.csv
name: colour
data: colour.csv
name: gender
data: gender.csv
name: publisher
data: publisher.csv
name: race
data: race.csv
name: superhero
data: superhero.csv
name: hero_attribute
data: hero_attribute.csv
name: superpower
data: superpower.csv
name: hero_power
data: hero_power.csv
label: SELECT COUNT(T1.id) FROM superhero AS T1 INNER JOIN publisher AS T2 ON T1.publisher_id = T2.id WHERE T2.id = 1
sqlite_path: $MMTU_HOME/data_sqlite/bird/dev_20240627/dev_databases/superhero/superhero.sqlite