are all way is through to have the opportunity to partner with sustainable princeton this evening molly jones you secular director will be introducing the program thanks so much kim and i would say right back atcha we are so grateful to have the princeton public library here in princeton it is such a wonderful partner for all of us twenty nine profits trying to do good work so thank you kim we also want evening so we're grateful that for them as well and small world coffee they have brought the coffee to keep everybody you want to keep movin so many thinks for those who might like this program in spanish it will be made available in spanish for anyone interested so i'm going to start things off by creating a little orientation here for the context of what you're going to hear this evening in twenty seventeen  princeton municipal council put it in their goals and objectives to create a climate action plan for princeton sustainable princeton was very much in agreement and support even though we're an independent nonprofit and so we kind of led the charge funding and began pulling together group to make this a reality so what is a climate action plan a climate action plan it's really a strategic plan with two main focuses the first to develop resiliency strategies as all of us who have lived here in princeton over the last ten years can surely attest to climate change is happening here in princeton we see it through the intensity of our storms we see it in the intensity of the heat and so this change is coming we need to make our community resilient secondly the climate action plan focuses on developing mitigation strategies these are strategies to reduce the volume of greenhouse gas emissions so we don't continue adding to the challenge of climate change these are the steps that one goes through kind of roughly to create a climate action plan we here in princeton have already gone through the step of creating a baseline inventory of our greenhouse gas emissions some of you may have noticed as you walked in the door we have a new sign board that we have added in the back of the room that shows you where princeton is with its greenhouse gas emissions essentially two thirds of our emissions come from commercial and residential energy use and roughly a third comes from transportation we do have a little waste water and waste emissions as well but that is those are our two largest emitters are surely our energy consumption and transportation so now that we're moving past that stage we are now at the phase of adopting a target goal we have a steering committee developed with some outstanding leaders from within our community and they have been charged with this task they already met a number of times and have been discussing at length what target they think we should focus on the start target for the state in new jersey for example is to have an eighty percent reduction of their two thousand and emissions by the year two thousand and fifty we are anticipating princeton will adopt something similar in nature with a number of short term goals so helps us look where should we be in five years where should we be in ten years to make sure we're not letting anyone off the hook in staying focused on this challenge once a target is adopted we we're already working on the stages of doing some forecasting in coming up with strategies for how we're going to meet that goal we have five different working groups again of the area of experts we've really been fortunate to leverage princeton's expertise in our area to come up with a number of strategies so we're going working through that now and then we'll move into planning an implementation which will take place you know over an indefinite period moving forward but again we're very conscious of remaining focused on where we're going to make the jump the gun a bit and explain this a bit already as you can see this is roughly here the ballpark's of where princeton's emissions are this is based on true data from our p s e and g data as well as some  modeling per transportation our real numbers out of our municipal waste in water so that's you're going to hear about a little bit more in a moment that climate change truly is upon us so when we think of why princeton needs a climate action plan this is this is it this is what you're living here some images from right nearby here mercer road was closed as the police were posting this was just last month this was in the month of april these other images i believe are from hurricane irene are they maybe the shower of july two thousand and sixteen trees coming down as we all know our power grid is highly volatile to the winds that we've been enduring in the intensity of these storms these again are all images from within a couple miles of here maybe some recognize this alexander road  mountain lakes park this was after hurricane sandy many i'm sure have hiked these lands and can attest to the fact that as the wind blew through that hurricane a truly devastated some of our local for every dollar spent on resiliency projects which is kind of smart growth projects it's six dollars saved in the aftermath in the cost of what it cost to rebuild these things so this is really thinking about how do we build our bridges how do we build for the realities of today not for the storms we had one hundred years ago so this again is helping us think smart so that we build knowing that this education with a sustained professional and personal interest in the impact of behavior on physical health he has worked in public health for over thirty years with positions on the c d c new york state department of health is the deputy commissioner acting commissioner for the new jersey department of health in senior services more recently need to let directed the new jersey center of public health preparedness at the university of medicine and dentistry of new jersey  currently adjunct professor in the department of the reality on j public school of health chair of the princeton board of health and consult on adult women ization he's been a member of the new jersey climate adaptation alliance since it was formed in two thousand mobile and he and his wife and their two children have lived here in princeton since two thousand george lots of initials lots of those things thank you for bearing with me on that so there's a presentation that marjorie kaplan who's at the rutgers climate institute and i have worked on giving a really just a smattering of the information that's been generated by the new jersey climate adaptation alliance over the past the years that climate adaptation ally's was developed bed eight years ago coincident with some election i can rig second remember which one  we're here in new jersey we were struggling to get information together about climate change of climate adaptation so with well to being housed in rutgers and this is co chaired by former governors kaine and flor who actually have participated in these meetings but it includes a lot of people from across the state including business people p s e g for eyes and other people who have a desire to look at at the time was called adaptation we didn't quote resilience we call it mitigation the mitigation issue is very politically charged at the time so it was called the new jersey climate adaptation allies but trust me everybody there is very interested in  mitigation so what this top once look at is a couple of the aspects of climate change are going to affect princeton specifically we're not going to talk too much about sea level rise because despite the fact we think we're close to the shore we're not but it's so close to the shore because climate has so much of an impact on health that if you just pay attention to the impact of climate on health if the climate happens to be changing then things will just be worse on the impact of climate on health but if you don't believe or don't feel it's going to change a whole lot it doesn't matter climate has a gigantic impact on health so here we've got a picture and we'll look at winter and summer temperatures and a little bit little bit about rainfall how much rainfall we have in winter and summer temperatures over the past hundred years is from one thousand eight hundred to two thousand and ten and there's been a greater warming trend in summer just about four degrees in winter pardon then in summer which really means if you're gardener like me the winters start later they're not as dramatic despite what happened to some of my plants with freezes and not flowering this year and they ended earlier that doesn't mean you can't have and with what we had in march we had a nice warm spell with a hard freeze that's really what wound up killing some of our our blooms here but we still had a pretty mild winter and that four degrees is pretty substantial now our summers are still somewhat warmer and we'll talk about that in  second we're not going to quite get nailed quite as much as some of the other parts of the country but we're still going to have quite a bit of heat the variability is much larger temperature variability is much larger in winter in general which makes it harder to look at these long term trends but nonetheless as i'm sure we've heard over and over again it seems like every year the four warmers winners in jersey have occurred since one nine hundred ninety eight and the four warmest summers since one thousand nine hundred nine and here we've got a nice picture of days above one hundred and this  so my data is days above ninety five in others days above one hundred we don't have many days above one hundred in i believe we got through last summer i can't exactly remember with one hundred degree day but you know bodies don't particularly care whether it's ninety five versus one hundred from a public health point of view hundreds a nice round number but it doesn't really matter to somebody my age somebody who's got ten years on me twenty years on me or someone who is sixty years younger than i am i a six year old a five year old a three year old if it's ninety five for a sustained period of time it's really going to put a stress on that person's cardiovascular system there are a respiratory system  not to mention the other impacts it has so here's here is current one thousand nine hundred to two thousand and ten and here is fifteen years from now now if you've seen these slides and people see the slides about obesity if you've been in public health long enough we've seen these slides were you know fifty years ago there were a few obese people in the united states and then there were more and then it gets covered over these temperature graphs look exactly the same way so the dark parts the really dark red parts will have more than fifty one hundred degree days by somewhere between twenty forty five and twenty seventy five we're going to have plenty of ninety five degree days as my relatives in north jersey say i live in south jersey my relatives in south jersey say i live in north jersey the fact that appears to be the north jersey will have about twenty more ninety five degree days by tw south jersey will have about forty more ninety five degree days thirty five years from now so you tell me are we in north jersey are we in south jersey or let's just split the difference and say we're going to have thirty more day s right now we have two to five days a year of ninety five degrees may feel like we've got more than that but that's all we've got thirty years from now we're going to have thirty more of those days that's thirty more stress days for the cardiovascular systems of the respiratory system not to mention other impacts that that temperature will have all right now what's happening with the rain we are lucky enough to have a little tiny ten copper roof on our house and two nights doesn't sound like a lot of selling a lot to me i'm not a climatologist maybe that's an incredible increase but the real problem is the variability that we've seen there's an upward trend that especially comes in the spring in the fall that we've seen but what's really going on is it's not your imagination the events and this is the this is this shows that that seventy one percent of our brain will be in massive events so we're going to have big rainstorms and so people talk about this little while with the impact of that is from a physical plant point of view we're in a big rainstorms with drought periods if you're gartner like me this is been an unusual spring we've had some sprinkling we did have one little dry period there were much plants were barking at me i had had a water a few plants that i had put in earlier but we've had some years where it's really obvious that you have big storm and then a big long drive here i'm going to talk in a few minutes about what impact that has on the mosquito vectors that bring infectious diseases to all of us here in princeton but it has a direct impact on that and we have the heavy rains may become heavier this shows all across the world this is going to go on that we have really heavy rains this is the percentage of rain in this is from the two thousand and fourteen intergovernmental klamath panel on climate change we're not think clear we're going to get another one of these intergovernmental panel reports anytime soon but luckily there's still on the web page as is the n o a a chaz report that can be quoting from on the impact of climate and climate change on health and he got also with dry spells if you look at north america you'll see a lot of the area that in this definition the number of days been to a dry spell days so actually the northeast as well as the breadbasket of much of the planet that we had best get much of the planet here in the united states is going to have warm dry spells and so what you'll have is you'll have these rain events you'll have long dry spells you'll have more rain events and that has some interesting impacts on public health nor'easters affecting you jersey will these become more intense and frequent that's what people are asking we get so we're going to these really big storms are going to see a lot of sandy's we don't know the answer that question and this goes back to my point it really doesn't from a health point of view that doesn't interest me as much it does from an emergency planning point of view and i'm on the subcommittee on resiliency and we were having conversations i know there's a emergency planning things going on here princeton but from a health point of view this rain in this temperature is plenty so the summer eyes was going to go on in jersey in terms of climate more warm extremes if you're cold extremes heavier rains that are more intense with frequent dry spells and then sea level rise with increasing frequency and intensity of coastal flooding other than refugees from ocean county that may not have a big game to sea level rise or if you own a house now we put out a big report in december this is available to you  terms of the new jersey climate and health profile that talks about talks about all these issues in great detail that i'm about to talk about in a quick fashion we also did a large report for the new governor that talked about all the different climate change issues and they were nice enough to receive that the first lady in new jersey came to receive the new jersey climate adaptation alliance and the people who have worked in government on climate adaptation alliance and some of whom i see in the audience tonight are working with the new administration ideally to have some impact on both adaptation but ideally mitigation so this from the one i h s document which luckily is still available online a check today and really if you look at the implications for health this pretty this covers a lot of ground so if there's if there's wet periods with dry periods you can get some particula matter you can also get a nice growth of moss and other materials other pollen materials infectious disease are going to talk about in the second in detail the red tides the potential drinking water impairment that comes from flooding and heat stress which i've already extreme alluded to in extreme weather this covers a lot of ground but the n h s document really covers if you look at this there's not much that goes on in a humans life that is going to be affected by child climate change so that the rest of first is the respiratory system as well as the auto immune system of the immune system potential for cancers from eggs from rich from solar radiation and other possibilities cardiovascular disease stress from temperature and airborne particulates water contamination he related more to it directly related more to retaliate and then potentials which are a little more subtle for human developmental effects mental health and stress related disorders neurological disease disorders and addictive borne we're back to infectious diseases waterborne and whether related morbidity mortality and if i could target that mental health and stress related disorders one of the conversations we had last week was about the impact on an emergency response person when they go to an emergency response event and they have to take care of someone who is extremely ill maybe they even their hardest stopped or they stopped breathing this is extremely stressful for obviously it's stressful for the person who's being who's being recessed aetate it but it's incredibly stressful for our volunteers now with these events increase if we have thirty more days ninety five degree days in thirty years or twenty days if you were in the north of thirty days and they were in the south are volunteers are going to be incredibly stressed because they can be coming upon people who have he stress or who have a stroke due to their stress or have a heart attack do their stress and so it's not just what's going to be happening to the physical materials we have that we have to pay for in princeton it's the humans that have to deliver the services that are going to be stressed let alone and i think about this you might be of a certain age people of my tell stories about hiding under desks in the fifty's and sixty's i bet you when my relatives get together that's one of their favorite stories let me tell you about when we had to hide under a desk where we were afraid of getting bombed and we all laughed about it i've stopped telling that story to my kids because i have this sense that art kids hear the same story but about climate change they don't hear it about you know we laugh now that we survived that you know what was what was all this about the cold war anyway but i remember i was old enough to remember you know the cuban missile crisis and you know crawling under my bed and i was just i was you know a pre teen at that point so i have some sense and there's no quantifying this right how much of all of the talk a bit somebody my age a little bit younger we had a sense talk about this like it's one other problem what impact that has on a fifteen year old and year old a five year old who hears about this stuff and says that the world's time and now we don't have a quantify that but i think we can  probably can agree that it probably has some impact on where their brains are where their emotional sequences are and let's look a little bit at specific impacts and i going to get three minutes  boom new jersey gram little old ozone has been decreasing that's a nice thing but it's a long year ten associated with increase hospitalizations cardiovascular effects here are the elderly and the children again and so higher ozone levels are increased with increased pediatric emergency department as a visits during the warm seasons and when it gets hotter that's the link to create if you want some physiological link the heat will increase local events of increased ozone which will wind up causing reactions in both we and youngsters especially in areas right down the road like trend where there's effect and in the inner city there are things we can do here in princeton to decrease that heat effect i'm going to skip this one i'm going to talk about what i've been kind of teasing and that is when you have these rain storms and then you don't have a dry period imagine you're behind my house on clover lane and there's this nice stream that's flowing we i'm as it's not a name stream we had that  friends from the town come out so we don't know that this stream's becker trust me it runs all year but if it rains and there's a big rainstorm but then it doesn't rain for two weeks the mosquitoes couldn't love it better you've given them water to play and to reproduce and but you haven't flushed the water out so the eggs that they're laying get a full period of time to develop and develop nice big crops of the ski toes so if you happen to be a paranoid about mosquitoes or you know worry about ticks or things like that this will be perfect for you but if you do worry about them so now we're going to finish up by talking about the difference in climb aboard ability based on the individual level which really i've been focusing on might be your age which i've really harped on but it might be your occupation might be somebody who climbs trees and takes down trees for a living all these ashes are going to be incredibly dangerous to take down so please take your dead ashes enough money to get a generator either a gas powered generator or or a gasoline powered or gas line powered generator what will it do or public health researchers what will we wind up needing now there are here the events in  this this will be available i believe on some website somewhere but certainly this our work is available for distribution to be distributed some people i'm not going to go through each one of these but there are potential heat effects for each weather event and different populations that are affected this you can find in our report and this is our good public health we'll this is what your town department of health we in conjunction with other departments of health and with the mercer county and the new jersey department of health and senior services ideally will be doing it will continue to track diseases and investigate water and food borne out as going to attempt to communicate on the health impacts of climate change we're going to have to partner with lots of people that's what really you're going to be hearing about for the rest of the time and we're going to be ready to deal with heat waves or severe storms now we're not really the state of new jersey itself and the county or mercer aren't as top of dealing with mass community based events as the town of princeton would be in dealing with isolated events for a certain dozens of people but we can do situation were hundreds or thousands of people are displaced like our part or like our friends in southern states we're not ready for this new jersey we're six years post sandy but we're not ready to move bodies around in this state in a way to protect it but we've had plenty of time to deal with it but it just has not been done over the past six years hopefully it's going to be done some time in the near future prior to an event that the people in puerto rico florida and texas had less than six months ago so my nightmare is like that nursing home in florida where they lose power they survive the weather event the climate event they spread the weather event but they lose their air conditioner and the people in that place get stressed to the point that they have a heart attack they have a stroke they were respiratory arrest that's why paranoid from it and let's see i'm just going to skip all the and say we have a beautiful little website there you can connect with us of climate change and we actually got that you know you were real can if you can believe it you know on the climate action plan resiliency committee so hopefully that gives you good faith that we've put good people on the task so our next speaker is so people who she is a princeton new jersey based author and environmental advocate currently she serves as the chair of the princeton environmental commission and as vice chair of the garden club of america's conservation international and national affairs who legislation committee she's a member of the sea change conversations  volunteer lead group committed to permuting non partisan dialogue in education around the topic of climate change so he has served on a wide variety of environmental nonprofit boards including d n r greenway land trust friends of princeton open space sustainable princeton and the stony brook mill stone watershed shed association where she served as board chair for three years so he is the author of walk the trails in and around princeton a trail guide that has sold over four thousand copies and rees for more than ten thousand dollars for stewardship of the trails she's an active investor with the princeton chapter of the investor circle and a graduate of princeton university in columbia business school and has received a postmaster certification in sustainability and strategy from the new school in two thousand and six you well thank you george for all that information about public health and i think what you'll see which is one of the reasons why it's so important that we're doing this climate action plan is that all of these things are so generally added and there's so much data that we have to pull together from the health community and i'm going to have a focus tonight and stormwater and the extreme rain events that george started to talk about but all these things are interrelated and impactful to the health of our community and we really need a plan to address how we're going to move forward with them i wanted to start this presentation by recognizing the contributions of the watershed to it as chair of the prince and environmental commission and over the past two years we've spent a lot of time thinking about stormwater i see a few other representatives or commissioners of the peace these are good you raise your hands thank you for being here and i'd like to recognize tammy's dan's who also works at  share with you this evening more prepared by jim walton the executive director as part of a presentation that he gave to the town council last year educating on storm water so this is a slide similar but different to the one that george showed is from climate central and this shows data starting with the change that we've seen since one thousand fifty eight in the percentage of the percentage increase in exterior precipitation events so as george said we're going to be experiencing our precipitation in fewer advance of heavier volume and why is that well that's because as the climate warms evaporation increases so scientists say that for every degree fahrenheit increase in temperature the saturation level of the atmosphere increases by four percent and so when that moisture condenses to come down in brazil petition there's more of it to come down and we've seen in princeton recently some really extreme examples this is a picture of the train station after a significant rain event that we had in july of two thousand and sixteen we had so in inches of rain and most of that came and three hours and here's a picture of route one so we are experiencing this so we have the climate impacts but then we have to understand also what's going on around us in terms of land use and this is a slide that shows how development has increased in new jersey between the one nine hundred seventy s and the two thousands and i don't think this is a surprise to anybody else but it's pretty amazing to think about the fact that between one thousand nine hundred five and twenty twelve the impervious surface in our watershed increased by more than thirty percent and just to review what impervious surfaces things like roofs and parking lots and driveways that when the water falls down out of the sky it can't get through so it becomes something called runoff so that runs off into our storm drains and streams and waterways at an increasing level so let's get more specific about princeton the slide shows the increase in impervious coverage between ninety ninety five and twenty twelve so that comes out to an eight percent increase which is about one hundred twenty three so princeton is eight out of eighteen square miles and right now we have fourteen percent impervious cover and i think we all recognize that that number continues to go out as new properties are developed and smaller homes are torn down and replaced with larger homes with bigger roofs and bigger driveways than patios and so the watershed is calculated that right now we are generating over two billion gallons of runoff every year and if you walk in open space frequently in the way i do you're probably noticed along the stream beds if you walk back the when the water is really running you can see how high and you can see the  so we're altering our water cycle i thought this was a really interesting slide that shows in the natural environment about half the rain that falls infiltrates into the ground and  an extreme example of an urban watershed which has seventy five to one hundred percent of impervious cover more than fifty five percent of the water is now become brown off rather than into infiltrating only fifteen whole trading so i think we have to recognize that we're adopt some of the newer green infrastructure strategies where we capture and hold the strong martyrs so that it can and has more time to infiltrate we're really changing the way our watershed functions at the same time that the climate is changing and adding these large downpours so that is compounding and exacerbating the problem in ways that only seem to be getting worse rather than better wildman likes to say this is not rocket science we have more water and we have more impervious copper and that's going to lead to more flooding and the issue is really what are we as a community going to do about it this is a really good bird's eye view of that shows the type of flooding that we're experiencing so this is information from the federal emergency management agency and it shows what is expected to happen when there is a one hundred year flood and that is in the yellow princeton is demarcated there with the purple line and you can see obviously that the flooding follows our waterways but many of our important arteries are located along with three one hundred year storms so those were hurricane floyd hurricane irene and the unusual summer storm that we had in july twenty sixth seen and we recognize that there are problem areas when that happens so you've seen pictures throughout this presentation for road mercer road river road our access to the hospital and not only is that act that's important for me getting people to the hospital perspective but also towns tend to collaborate in situations of emergency and this is a real barrier to that so we have to think if this is going to be happening more frequently these are issues that we really have to deal with and to go back to this is the town needs to make decisions about where relocating  infrastructures how do we need to plan for resiliency all this information and very important to have george alluded to this but storm water as a storm water runoff is the largest source of pollution that is compromising our water quality and this is from a report card that the watershed is from their water and head saying and you can see that we are not doing very well we have elevated levels of phosphorus and that can come from our version of stream bank as fertilizers headways getting into our water and elevated levels of the whole as well something that elevated levels of phosphorus does is to increase the level of dissolved oxygen in the water and i can have very negative impacts on aquatic life so one of the great things i believe about the climate action plan is that we need to figure out what we need to know and we need to pull this information together i just generated a few questions here but i'm sure everybody in the audience could come up with lots more of what kind of data do we need to figure out what kind of connections to we need to identify how can we bring that all together and the ultimate goal of course is to protect our residents and our property and best adapt to the changes that are coming in own environment and to decide what investments we need to make to protect our communities so with that i'll turn it over to christine some of the areas that are prone to flooding and what we've learned in the resiliency working group that so far in georgia are part of talking to our emergency management folks is what they're saying is places they can't predict flood now so it's difficult to prepare for these flooding events when you don't know where things are going to start flooding and so they're seeing some increased areas of flooding that just aren't typical so not to make you all despair we did title this what is the climate action plan a white as princeton need when we whole self interest presentations have helped you to understand why we think we need one it's not just about the mitigation strategy it's about reducing emissions it's about being you're prepared community but we don't want you to leave with a feeling of despair so i'm going to talk a little bit about what we're doing about it as molly mentioned earlier this is where we are in terms of developing a climate action plan we have convened a steering committee a smiley mention it's met a few times we have started some of our working groups  devising and strategies that will help with the mitigation and the resiliency strategies for the climate action plan and we have lots of very  extruding experts extreme experts for many of these topics almost all members of the princeton community so they're very invested in developing a successful plan we couldn't be more fortunate to have resources like this and are town and willing and very eager to help with the creation of this plan so this is just sort of a collage of the different types of expertise that we have that is going to be assisting with creating this plan folks from municipal staff municipal council folks from our boards committees and commissions we have small independent businesses represented we have folks from our different neighborhoods we're really trying to make a concerted effort that this planning process involves as many stakeholders as possible we like to say it's not really about the plan it's about the process we could have bunch sit together in a room and draft a plan that would be a good plan but it doesn't mean it's going to be a successful plan and so our goal is to have a drafted plan by the end of twenty nineteen and people say why is it gonna take you so long and it's not the planets the process it's involving folks so that everyone feels invested in the outcome so here are some potential solutions now i want to preface this by saying these are things we are thinking about and want to start communicating with the public to sort of get these ideas out there these are some you know larger scale war more kinds of efforts that rely on a lot of understanding in community by strides in reducing our missions and being prepared one concept that could help us reduce our emissions from energy in is what is called community renewable energy aggregation also called community charges you get you get charged for your usage the electricity and the natural gas that you consume but you also get charged for the delivery of the lines on the wires that bring that to your home you don't have to buy your energy from p s e and g who is our utility you have a choice you can source your energy from a third party some people may do that individually and you can choose to have that source of energy come from sources some communities are looking at doing aggregation where the entire community will go out to the market and try to procure energy for the community and ask for that portion as much as possible come from a noble energy and so there are some communities that are in the process of trying to do this this is something that princeton could consider doing these are opt out programs  what they the sort of specifications are a certain percentage of our noble energy that's greater than what you get from your basic generation service from p s e and g and you would ask for it to be at a cost equal to or less than what you would get so this is something that the communities they set are looking to do and so this is a possibility that we could explore as a community and you can imagine that by doing this as a larger community you can sort of knew you can get better pricing as a group rather than individually something to consider another solution for energy is something called community solar this is right now it's it's all say it's illegal in new jersey the the regulatory structure is not set up to allow for this to happen but it is happening in other states and this is a solution for folks who rent who can't put solar on their on the roof people whose homes may not be ideal for solar because they have too many truths they have an older roof or maybe they just don't can't afford it so the community solar is a concept whereby individuals can get together and basically you know own a portion of a solar array and you get the benefit and the offset of that energy electricity produced from that solar array that sort of offsets your consumption so this is something else that could be considered and promoted in princeton hopefully the legislation will change in the school piece allowable in princeton potential solutions that have a large impact on transportation again these are large scale sorts of solutions transit oriented development we know that princeton is going to have to build a lot more fordable housing in princeton and you saw what the impervious surface coverage is already and what it's increased well it's likely there's going to be more so how we develop that is important and one way we can do it in a very smart way is density building more densely building things so that people are closer to transportation that it's easier to walk and to bike to shift away from impervious surface that's dedicated to parking and  another potential solution that would help us reduce our emissions from waste is going to a system called save as you throw or pay as you throw there are communities that do this right now you do pay for your wast removal it is wrapped up in your taxes and if you're not really disincentive from throwing out more things you don't directly feel the increased cost that the business polity feels when you throw more things away by putting them out on the curb so we could shift to a system whereby you incentivize people diverting from their landfill a bit and and putting more of things that can be recycled in there recycling waste into an organic spend and you can have variable roles to sort of do that incentive isolation where were frequent pick up for the recycling in the organics and there's no additional cost for that but you may get one landfill been for free and if you want more you have to pay for it out of pocket so this is something we could shift to as a community which would help set up the incentivization to reduce landfill waste and divert what was going to the landfill to being recycled or being compost and otherwise turned into something that's a better product another potential solution that would help our town be more resilient is a concept called a micro grid so this is where you have a set of buildings usually critical buildings like police departments fire departments schools and the sort of emergency response buildings where they are powered by renewable energy they have battery backup storage and they're able to disconnect from the grid when we have a major power outage so that they are up and running when we have storms and this is something princeton could do imagine four hundred witherspoon that complex down there we've got the police department we've got the municipal hall we've got the fire station we've got valley road it's bless you we have a community park school and i think we have to put the pizza parlor in there too because we're going to need to eat and the power is out but that could be you know able to have power when we have power outages there are towns in new jersey that are doing feasibility studies to is a resource and we think of it as something now that just means to be taken away from the property and out of sight but water is a resource and we should try to keep it where it falls and utilized as best we can and so green infrastructure includes different interventions such as green roofs the picture up there in the top or a hand corner is you know imagine a long nassau street where you just now have these impervious surface between the curb in the stream imagine that those are vegetative bios wales where they can absorb water rather than just go right into the flooding in the streets and our homes so these are a number of strategies you can do some of these at home i'm with the rain barrel rain gardens but you can do larger scale things like green roofs and these other types of interventions so as we mentioned we've been trying to engage the community in part of this and we have been very conscious of trying to make sure we're hearing from the community about what their concerns are with respect to climate change and how it's going to impact let's talk climate events where we had facilitated discussion groups where we heard people's individual concerns and we're collecting all of this summer sharing this with our steering committee in our working group so that there's a feedback loop so that as they're making decisions they're doing so with the understanding of what the community feels that's important and we're going to continue to be doing this throughout the climate action development process so how can you get involved this is an image of the info graphic we have in the back which shows our greenhouse gas emissions and some things you can do as an individual right now so before you leave please take a moment to read the sign and there are just some very simple strategies on here that we can all do right now switch to l e d's walk or bike more so don't despair go home and start doing these things what else can you do you can come to if you haven't already been to one of our let's talk climate ments we have two more coming up once may twenty second at the john middle school and the second is saturday the sixteenth at the princeton senior resource or presentation like this with your neighborhood groups and faith based groups youth groups let us know we'll host and we'll help you organize an event just like this or facilitated conversations and senator newsletter can tip we send out weekly newsletter with information of what's going on with the climate action plan and what you can do so thank you very very much