and seventeenth century and in those days i always there was a phenomenon which was known you shouldn't want to see and that is kind of almost an infatuation with everything chinese and you go to the palaces that were built in royal palaces in stockholm or and in berlin and they have you know the borough palaces but you also have like the buildings that are built in the chinese style  invasion is the chinese you would see in the paintings in the room which are of western depictions of what they thought china and china would look like and but there was also a serious side to this because there was also the philosophical element of the study of the ideas of confucius was then introduced into western philosophy and the next person was especially important in that thoughts linus who wish considered economist who was working together with peter the great he created helped to create the basis of modern russia through his advice to peter the great who westernized russia a you know a long correspondence and he and he asked him questions because you know that china sometimes they will be open and sometimes they will withdraw and he wanted to make sure that we could get everything the day we could learn from them before really got to find out these questions what are they doing in medicine how do they deal with this what do they think of astronomy you know because he knew it this was going to be very important for the development of western science and of course these guys had a very important position because they did have some advanced users astronomy and they became astronomers at the imperial court and you had even one instance of conscientious who actually would get together with them the emory would say sit down and say let tell me about there's you know what is this all about teach me how to do this they brought clocks and they brought mechanical devices from the west that didn't exist that exist in china and so they want to know how do they work how do we build them you know how do we move forward on this so this was just a tremendous you know dialogue of cultures that led to tremendous advances both for the for the east and for the west this unfortunately was put at an end when certain of the jesuit west this is a painting of a confucius in sixty ninety seven and the difference is why you discover that this is not a chinese painting is  perspective and perspective in our was developed in the renaissance by people like raphael and others that is you can have a painting with the picture flat on the surface but here years war which was probably the most devastating war at this time in terms of what was fought almost half of the population of europe were decimated the cities were totally destroyed it took them decades to rebuild there and this is a painting by broyhill called the triumph of death where you see the devastation around there and it was in that kind of a situation where this dialogue of cultures and this attempt to revive science to to use as a basis of economic development for people like linus and others were so important and you can make a comparison with today i mean you can think about it in terms of many people in china believe that we were really the ultimate source of this idea because we have worked for well over forty years on the idea of what we called in the one nine hundred seventy s a new world economic order that is or based on the rapid development of science and technology in which finance is totally subordinate to the development of physical economy that the physical economy  is determinant for the future of mankind and in the financial either it has to be subordinate to it or you kind of just get it out of the way to do what you have to do and it was a fight at the time with a lot of the developing sector countries who are suffering after you know the nixon took the dollar off of the gold standard and then it was all kinds of inflation and the terms are traded curated so the many countries like in latin america were very highly industrialized like argentina and brazil then you know really kind of went belly up and they've never really recovered since so we've been working on this and we've been developing programs this is what you have to do how do you develop africa we have a program for the development of african one hundred seventy two building the rail lines to bring in you know the goods created cordova's development into the center of the country in order to raise the standard of living so when the wall came down do in terms of creating a policy so that these new countries do not become failed states how do we bring them into the mainstream of that konami progress so that they can develop as independent nations now when you know the structure of the soviet union that this kind of work for them is was now gone and the idea was well you know we can build a railroad our number of railroads going through central asia railroad you'll build factories you build power plants you create cities you build science centers and so that it's a transmission belt of progress to go to nations who have been impoverished and now are independent  and we this is our proposal ninety ninety two when you see it as all these new rail lines which you know didn't exist showing how you would how you would be able to do that and what we did is we put forward the program and  talked to people in europe and we also talked to people in russia because when the wall came down it was much more accessible you know we could go there and said look this is where we want to do you know what do you think about this and the russians you know are thought this was a great idea but they told us they said go to the chinese and talk to them they might be interested and so we began to talk to get into contact with chinese diplomats in europe and we presented the proposal you know this is and they said yes you know maybe some of our people with even thought of something like this but this is a good idea and during the course of the discussions during the early one nine hundred ninety s we should gestured that we should make a move in that direction so you the chinese side should set up an international conference in beijing under the rubric of eurasian land bridge a new silk road and bring your scholars there all the people who know about railroads and highways and construction we'll be there and the chinese said well we want to also like the european union should be there and say ok bring in the european union let's see what they say and there was who represented the support on this as well that they they didn't really understand it quite so well at the time they still don't understand it even now it did have the fact that the chinese did not act on it immediately in terms of putting it in the level of their rule of their agenda because one hundred ninety six a year after that nine hundred ninety seven year after that there was the asian financial crisis and it was affecting all the countries not so much china but china had to put in they had to make sure that there was debility in the currency systems between these nations some of which were going under so that their task was to keep  twenty first century maritime silk road which would go through south asia but not so much there be trains but it would also be shipping that goes to newport so when the bill which would take goods through to asia all the way into the indian ocean and from there to africa to the middle east as well as to europe so excellent here is the original idea that  it was published by the chinese about the row you see the upper the upper line that is the silk road economic belt that is the that is the rail lines which were going to europe that's one of the first ones and a maritime road of course really kind of goes down to the south from port to port there are also train lines there but it's largely a a maritime route and it goes all the way to africa and of course although it's not on this on this chart here there is an aft africa is a part of the silk road economic belt that they got from the ports in so mali and  djibouti they are building a railroad now to kenya to to times in the and they're also doing the infrastructure that would also include africa and of course last  belt and of course a notion regions the regions that have been the most difficulty for us because we're always starting wars there which is totally devastated in which you have you know thousands or maybe hundreds of thousands of young kids who see no hope turning putting on a suicide vest and devoting themselves to destruction  what they will need i mean in addition to whatever military efforts measures are what is really needed is the economic possibilities to give them work hope and  future and china is not going to get at least not at this point involved militarily in any of these crises other than at a un peacekeeping force but they will contribute whatever is needed to building the highways and building the roads and building the size of the science centers and everything that will be needed for the long term development of the region create an opportunity and an option in the middle east which has been the most difficult place in the world for us and for others to work with the last four decades this is these are additional lines to it which has generations to really realize i mean it's really massive but it's holding out hope for so many people in the world that you know it is really has to has to take place and then we go to back and we had done a new report on the silk road economic belt we had updated our nine hundred ninety seven report added onto it the chinese were so happy with it they thought it was an excellent report they thought it was something that the chinese scholars should be doing this quality work out a told us that they had translated into chinese and now we friend of mine in sweden who's from iraq spent his time last few months or a few months transport ministry when they got that arabic translation they said we will sponsor that they held a press conference to announce this silk road economic belt and they feel they're part and they've built a new issue as can now using their own small stage a lot of small smaller states in those days whether you're protestant or catholic or whenever you know that state has to design there should be no interference to change that from the outside n that is when you come together the people have different meanings and they want to you come to some kind of a conclusion each of them has got to think of the good of the other like in the other death what can i give the other so that they agreed to go into this agreement and this is something this is a it's just old paradigm in one sense but we call it a new paradigm because we live we have just lived and still living in the e going to get ahead of us you know and china and russia not anybody and we're going to be the top dog and that's what led to the iraq war syria war movie or boy that was such a successful policy that  has to be changed so this is kind of a new paradigm for relations between nations and it's not only us it's saying that it is the chinese president who is seeing that and he's saying that almost in all of his speeches and all of the statements that he makes that we need a new relationship between countries that is a win win situation and not a zero sum game and with the united states he also says that that's what we should do every time he comes here he says to president obama we should have a relationship of major nations we should be be friends we're both big powers you know we know but let's try and find a common denominator we can work together and work together for the good of mankind and he said this silk road economic bell it's a paradigm for the world a paradigm for mankind and they want the united states to be a part of it and every time president xi comes here i ask president obama i've got this project that i that we initiated but it's not our project as a project for all these countries why don't you be a part of it why don't we work together on that and there has been moments from the president of the united states on this issue and that's really got to be changed because what has been coming out of the white house are more and more zero sum games and virulence and and attacks and and paranoia and all the other stuff china just instituted today a new science program and they said we are going to bring one hundred fifty thousand what they call science and technology personnel all of the silk road countries to china who in exchanges and for education and we will bring five thousand young scientifically talented young people from the silk road countries the people along the road to train them and really to create six create a school of creativity to deal with some of the problems that we have to deal with and these are problems that go from cancer to space research and everything else that day be involved in this like i call it the man and style rivalry you know for world development they succeed and the united states should be part of this because of the capabilities that we have with that we have and because of the capabilities that we should have who are as foolish as we have been over the last twelve forty years and in out sourcing our capabilities are and in fine shape from other countries rather than pushing the envelope of science and technology we scrapped the space program stepped another number of things that should have never been scrapped and they've got to be revived again and then we can work with countries like china and all the other countries they're working with for realizing the colonies of mankind and then the last one one model for this new paradigm of the bric groups is representing kind of the people in the developing sector countries who have decided we're going to try and work together to get development going new institutions  the which the united states trying to get people to boycott and nobody came into the united states is not a part of it japan is still not a part of that they're still playing a game but they're looking more closely at it now because they know where their interests lie