farming is america's biggest industry by most major american industries have made great advances in productivity agriculture has outpaced them all one of the reasons has been intense mechanization progress in mechani has been impressive however some crops must still be harvested by hand such things as inspection selection cutting or gentle handling are basic to quality yet even now practically every hand picked crop is under intensive study and the constant flow of new and remarkable experimental equipment is on trial all designed to relieve man's age old burden of manual labor but until each piece of equipment can be shown to eliminate hand labor and reduce cost with no sacrifice in quality until then much of the work must still be manual and the placement of thousands of workers at the right place at the right time is an immense job especially at harvest time overall the job has been successfully carried through even in the many crops calling for stoop labor here is stupid labor in the literal meaning of the term but the term is also applied to many of the toughest and least desirable farm jobs for example no stooping here yet because citrus trees are thorny more difficult to take than other fruits most farm workers avoid this kind of job all such farm jobs which are tough dirty or unpleasant are generally referred to as to play very understandably then this is the only area in which the american farm labor supply falls short and is supplemented by mexican citizens sometimes called nationals are mexican nationals but the term most commonly used is breast arrows in spanish this means a man who works with his arms and hands it so happens that the bristles form a tiny fraction of the total labor force used on our firearms yet some americans feel even this tiny fraction should not be used a difficult dialogue in points the major well with americans on relief rolls why bring in foreigners to work on our farms makes the same make sense to the farmer though brasero is work for a lower pay that americans would but doesn't the farmer realize he's cutting down  american labor cutting down out of the living state why doesn't somebody do something about it in short the big question in many minds is the question is so widespread that we consider it a public service to tell them why and how brasero is un american fireman's many feel crap still call for stupid labor especially at harvest time when demand for labor is at its peak it isn't easy to find men willing to take on such undesirable kinds of work so the farmer must begin recruiting his seasonal labor force long before his labor needs reach the critical point once he's estimated the number of men needed he goes to two potential sources one of them is the farm placement service a combined federal and state agency which links men looking for work and farmers who have work to be done here weeks before the season the grower registers the jobs he has to offer the types of work the specific crops the pay rates and so on this agency does an excellent recruiting job but the farmer knows from long experience that workers able and willing to do this  better are always in short supply so he goes to a second source a private labor recruiting association the farmers organized effort to recruit a labor force of their own again weeks in advance he notifies the association of his needs the farmer knows that if the domestic supply is as usual short the association can if authorized we repeat if authorized to supply b'seros to compensate for the shortage why is this so critical if labor is not on hand when the crop is ready the crop and the farmer's investment is loss which is why days before his harvest date he revisits the fireman placement service to see whether enough seasonal domestic labor is available to meet his specified needs even if this agency doesn't have enough the farmer is not authorized to import until he proves to the official satisfaction that the farmers own recruiting service has utilized all the seasonal domestic labor available what's more federal law says that the farmer can bring in all of the number of breast arrows required to fill the gap between the available domestic supply and the total number needed for a better understanding why not interview the agent himself would you mind answering a few questions for us or yes that big advantage of them you get a great many requests for foreign farmworkers brasero i'd have to say no to that question actually  supplemental workers are a very small part of the foreign labor force in california in fact not as manning being used now as a few years ago because there are more domestic labor is now available for far more we use every possible we could ing method to ensure an adequate supply of labor including newspaper ads radio recruiters and a key location i think we do a pretty complete job of recruiting domestic labor and we meet most of the farmers requests except for stoop labor you mean or even supply a good deal of that but only when we can find enough domestic labors and the farmer has utilized all his sources that we approve the use of nationals and the farmer is authorized to hire percent hours unless he agrees to continue every effort on his own to recruit and hire domestic workers wherever they might be available he must pay foreign workers at a rate no less than domestics doing the same kind of work he has to keep us currently advised of the status of any activity in which he's using foreign workers these regulations guarantee the employment rights of domestic workers and nationals are used only when the domestic labor supply yes can't meet the needs thank you sir the farmer now brings his certification barbara sorrows to his own labor recruiting association and as has been seen this certification four percent rose is fully authorized by state and federal authorities all the facts are checked and double checked and only if they meet the preset only now can the manager of the farmers association process through further channels the request for the authorized number of brasenose this involves placing the order with the proper authorities at the mexican border the association manager himself can give us interesting details roughly the number of mexican nationals that will be needed to supplement the local labor in this area crew here is an example of several that we run locally in an attempt to attract stoop labor we also have to use radio as a means of recruitment in states that is tech in arizona the results of where the next natural comes in by the local labor will not thank you sir very much and so in practically all such jobs the farmer has all the domestics he and the recruiting agencies can sorrows to fill the gap the entire crew domestic or foreign is paid at exactly the same rate but and this is very important even after the bus arrows are at work in the fields domestic workers still have priority the federal law is specific about this any local who wants to work has transportation all ready to take him out to the field where the farmer must take him on even if it means pulling out a bus out to whom he has already committed by contract yet even with free transportation provided by the farmers it is seldom that a breast arrow is made idle now what about the treatment are they mishandled are mistreated anyway the gentleman at the center of the scene is saying your antonino is less the mexican consul very close to the recital program listen to what he has to say on this question first of all let me clarify a point these and what of the money earned by the best arrows is it all as some people claim drained out of this country hardly look at the bus hours when they come here it is obvious they need a great many things like clothes for instance where do they spend their money at the local merchant but it as a matter of fact they spend a great deal of the money right here at my clothing and other domestic items such as transistor radios luggage home furnishings i don't have that iron readily available back home take a look at the bristles when they come into this country and again when they leave they have brand new shirts past shoes all items bought right here locally let's look at this in a little different angle the stoop labor situation being what it is i don't see how the local farmers can get along so without this source of labor many farmers are going to be unable to make a profit and we sure don't want this to happen because the farmer is still our best customer yes with a domestic supply of farm labor being inadequate brust arrows are a must but some people say to the farmer well make them pay a high enough and you'll pull in all the domestic labor you need the fact is that farm have gone up steadily for many years but we still don't have enough seasonal domestic labor willing to do this kind of work conclusion unless we have brasenose to fill the gap many stupid labor crops will be forced out of american agriculture consequences much of our food processing industries output would be replaced by imports these jobs now held by americans would be taken by workers in other lands and our plants and equipment would be slowed down or shut down jobs and investment in the transportation industry would feel the blow example in a recent typical year in just one state the transportation of such familiar items as lettuce and processed citrus asparagus and tomatoes totaled over one hundred sixty six and a half million dollars remove these familiar crops from production and these millions now going into transportation with disappear getting both its management and its labor force these same crops from the same state in the same typical year required many types of containers lathes caps and labels over a hundred and twelve million dollars worth of cut out this hundred twelve million dollars worth and what happens to the thousands of people who work in or invest in these allied industries and these are just a few of the a industries whose management machinery production and labor force are all geared to the availability of these familiar crops harvested for the most part by brussels if all such crops are driven out of american farming many jobs in allied industries would be lost many segments of our economy would feel a blow the solution to the problem as we've said even now machines to eliminate stoop labor are in the pilot stage until they're ready last bus arrows are a net this hour a supplement to our domestic crews in spanish brussels means a man who works with arms and hands but in american lingo they are called life savers and they are not only to the farmer but there's a housewife the grocer that transporter that can around the processor and to all of the other industries whose output and very existence are so closely inter locked and dependent on the continued supply of such crops