for lack of a better way of putting your traceability the call nine one one calls in many jurisdictions are recorded regularly and can be traced back to the person making the call and that  is that in this day if they need to throw away phones or see a thousand people phone there's a crack phone you can buy a telephone for cash you can buy in minutes car both of those at wal mart you caught someplace in india you give them any name address you're not billed for that in danville which is a housing project so while the there was an anonymous nine one one tip but under alabama versus white where the tip is anonymous if the details of the crime or the details of the particular participants and especially some kind of predictive information showing that person is in fact side information you can rely last hour countless on the and i'm going to be on the call because you have  was not named or identified yet pretty tight said he never spoke to the caller he mentioned in his in his testimony that somebody in the truck drove by and didn't later come and say here's what i saw here so i am here's how i know that they are quadricycle was violating the law the person just broke on that person could have been a personal  call made by the worker at the back mary clinic and decide that these allegations how the clerk at the clinic described these two men who dropped off the dog they were in the car they got into which way they were going and of course where they road in this case though there is no evidence that officer smith made any kind of police he terminations of the credibility of the informant or about the fact that was the single fact that was complained about going at a high rate speak in alabama versus white the tip was anonymous and the court characterized the dad as a close case but the thing that tipped the scales and white was a predictive information of the criminal behavior of  white that later turned out to be true after the police observed what miss white was doing where she was going to the dopey motel and what she was carrying a crown attache case the court didn't rely so much on the fact that the car was there describe only facts yeah at the time all of the call it was no predictive information at all there were no facts describing criminal behavior and the bigger description of the person and the vehicle don't rise to the kind of detail there was found in the other cases where there was some more information that would show insight knowledge or inside information  than reasonable speed when he left the parking lot area stopped the car for they are reason found evidence of crime but the court said that wasn't good enough for a reason no suspicion to stop the car the officer had seen a car pull into the dock area where people were known to parity and letter and observe the car in their car after the police car broke and started leaving and the officer testified he went at a greater r stakes cases is we have a lot of cases payout report criminality of drug offenses violent offenses but we don't have any cases that report speeding all simply aren't there simply very few of them in the reporters at all we have cases that report drunk driving that's a whole different situation here to a parking lot with the story they waited there for the police while the defendant went into the store the two testers identified themselves and indeed one testified at trial meanwhile mr de pace went into the store came out and drove off and it's important to note that he brought off first before he was stopped by the police officer and the police followed him noticed a traffic violation and stopped to pace on the basis of a traffic violation  explained this he didn't explain what the point is supposed moreover and indeed as argued in court that deputy todd really should have done this continue to follow the defendant on a motorcycle until the number one of serve some kind of a traffic gave him a reasonable suspicion to hold the motorcycle driver over or to simply follow him until the motorcycle driver right dennis destination got off this mortar cycle then the police officer walked up to him as any citizen could walk up to any other citizen at that citizen would paul go to the trouble to call the police and report on hiring speed that it meant it was speeding so there's a lead player that has a rate of speed mean speeding at a high rate of speed doesn't necessarily mean speeding i came here this morning at a high rate of speed it took me more than two hours to get your st joseph which about two hours away because i don't drive there fast and there was construction but i did get here at a high rate of speed if i left at the same time i wouldn't be here if i was on my therefore at the time that the stop was initiated officer deputy time did not get specific in articulable facts they are could raise a reasonable suspicion that  violating a law for speeding also isn't a criminal law so we're we're not talking about cases like a gun feeding the murder the case is like identification of the terrorist or or the predictive information showing the inside information base or basis of the tip of criminality this is not even a close case like alabama persis white and in jail the supreme court warned us that making an exception for certain crimes and in that case firearms would enable any person seeking to harass another person call in a report and subject their victim purpose is there any corroboration of that he was speeding several cases indicate you don't need to cooperate the specific criminal