scientific modernization of milk cereals and machinery embossing of rail in the dozens of production steps that lead to the finished product this is a report to use the textile industry on how textile mills are modernizing the report deals with the chief friends eerie and processing techniques illustrated by the latest equipment the in america's let's look into them one of the time to see what they have to offer each mailman in the production of today's textiles first the clearly marked trend to modern male conditioning putting the millet self into condition for maximum production at minimum units cost proper milk conditioning means first air conditioning for the can role of humidity in temperature and for purification of air in the mill installations such as an opening room of a cotton mill cleaning the air of length films and dust will mean improve working conditions with good air conditioning combs turn out better tops and cleaner yarn without streaks the drawing of fibers is smoother and more compact and a cleaner slifer is delivering air conditioning avoids daily spinning losses and reduces the number of hands down yarn winding is smoother and there's less chafing automatically controlled humidity means more pliable yarns less static and more pounds per day in the we've cleaned air reduces down time by removing much of the dirt that collects in and around the loom and off quality dark shades and seconds can be eliminated in finished products but the biggest payoff of all comes because personnel feel better about their work there's no mill room fever here and morale is high modern mill conditioning also requires a new science the science of industrial lighting engineer and light conditioning throughout the mill means bright pleasant surroundings it provides an even distribution of light without sharp shadows or disturbing glare with correct illumination there's less waste and working conditions are safer in certain types of very fine work special illumination makes the spotting of defects quicker and again because better seeing means better doing good light conditioning has a lot to do with employee welfare and contentment modern mill conditioning eliminates a lot of the strong arm technique of cushion and shuffling into modern materials handling in the mill means newer mechanized methods tearing with electric lift truck puts to use the upper levels of storage space that formulae were wasted and it frees extra floor space for greater storage capacity modern mill transportation schools in speeds production flow the strong arm method is replaced by electrical and mechanical muscle power modern materials handling has increased production by speeding up handling of the left in this mill and overhead conveyor system carries lapse from the picture to the cardroom keeping each card supplied with a new lab as soon as the machine is empty in the dire ohm of another mill an electrically controlled place speeds up the handling of warp beams before dying after dying the beam is raised by the hoist then it's conveyed to the drying stand a new electrically controlled blending line feeder system is one of many up to date methods of handling stuff this overhead conveyer and storage system makes continuous processing possible by keeping a number of machines automatically and constantly supplied with fiber stock an excellent example of mill conditioning through modernized materials handling and finally mill conditioning means modern electric power distribution highly dependable electric power is generated at the power house and then carried over transmission lines through the mill alerts mill manor turning to modern units substations for reliable low cost distribution of mil power the unit substation shown here in scale models is a new self contained package for carrying power to centralized industrial control units for production equipment modern indoor control centers save floor space maintenance is less and it's flexible for easy expansion later on where a low voltage power is supplied up to date switch gear with draw out circuit breakers and adequate interrupting capacity protects both equipment and personnel lessens stops in production due to flow of capacitors to will help you to increase the capacity of the lines in your m the expert advice of your power supplier may mean real savings through the use of modern power distribution equipment the smil conditioning includes air conditioning modern lighting up to date materials handling and better electric power distribution for basic steps in conditioning your entire mill for lower unit cost production fower at the point of use is the second big trend in mill modernization on cars for example this means that you can apply electric motors where they will do the most good right at the machine itself compared with the old line shaft drive individual motor drive is cleaner and more flexible there is no jungle of bells to maintain starting is easier speed is more uniform and of course working conditions are safe with individual drives machines such as these netters can be arranged to save floor area and the machines turn out a product that's a lot cleaner power at the point of use also illustrated by this winder by replacing a single motor with two motors yarn tension became more uniform and winder speed was result output went up more than a third here's a ray on spinning frame powered by individual motors each bucket spinner has its own motor the rotor shaft of the motor is the spindle another motor operates the go days on the pumps still another operates the traverse motions the result is a fission machine operation and high production of uniform yarn even when there's some on balance in the cake one promising example of the trend to power at the point of use is a two for one twister shown here in the laboratory of the manufacturer this twister will apply to turns of twist forever and at the same time will increase spindle speed about twenty percent and increase in yarn output of one hundred forty percent is possible and individual motor will be used on each spindle by slowing down the usual fourteen thousand r p m speed of the motor we can see the double twist to each single revolution of the motor and the spindle shaft the speed of spindles will be electrically synchronized this tensiometer shows how closely tension and twist are automatically controlled within the machine so the two for one twister is a modern example of new mechanical design coordinated with the electric motors right where they are needed power at the point of view fire control speeds is another production and processing trend that affects almost all phases of the industry in spinning higher controlled speeds are being achieved by a pilot installation of an adjustable speed drive for spinning frames although final details of this drive are still in the developmental stage there is encourage evidence that spending frames will be able to turn out more yarn than ever before with a constant speed motor the our intention varies of course limiting the speed of spinning but with a new adjustable speed control note how tension is constantly kept at its ideal maximum and the machine always runs at the maximum safe speed for each phase of the spinning operation with this device spinning frames already in service can deliver more yarn for a day at less cost here's a full fashion hose or a net or that illustrates the trend to higher controls speeds and electronic brain automatically regulates more than one hundred successive speed changes during the forty five minute knitting cycle and it controls the speed changes so closely that there's no hunting or overshooting and no bothersome gallop at every stage the fastest safe speed is provided and the finished product is very very well made the product that is another kind of knitting machine a circular netter also is controlled electronically a push of a button at the start of the shift and the nylon stocking knitter automatically makes the weld with reinforcing yarns in it the sheer leg reinforces the heel with than the foot and the toe a complete seam free stocking in seventeen minutes and this goes on all day long automatically the operator simply comes around to collect the stockings and replace the yarn packages a new war prey drive is another example of the trend to higher control speeds this drive will handle yarns of any fiber or filament no matter how delicate they are because speed is controlled electronically your intention is uniform for yarn speed is kept constant within one half of one percent throughout the doff as the beam diameter increases iron breaks are headaches and any man's mill constant tension reduces them so there aren't so many stoppages slasher drive cannot be accurately controlled through the use of ample dein generators and a slasher control panel that they have depending on the old feel and guess work is a longer automatic control of both tension and moisture means that the slasher can supply the we've shed with beams of even density wound with more uniform stronger war warps with exactly the right moisture content here's another example of higher control speeds this fully automatic machine winds the standard six inch traverse on cones and two boys at a rate of nine hundred to a thousand bobbins an hour and the machine needs only one operator a portable work tying machine does its job in a third of the time required by hand twisting in an eighth of the time required by hand drawing and it will tie warps for similar patterns but different colors just as easily as it will tie identical patterns the machine works directly behind the loom so there's no need for a moving transporting and resetting your weaving element and loom down time is cut in a few minutes you're ready for the next loom  elected on a drive on an axe minster loom permits properly control speeds the widest and operate at its highest controls the when in production electronic drive means controlled acceleration and deceleration the result that arrives and more of the need for higher control speeds brought about the development of this cotton that runs twenty four percent faster than the older one it replaced but turns out forty percent more cloth this jump in production isn't due entirely to the jump in speed the loom has a larger diameter beam heads it uses a bigger filling package and you can count on it for a long steady surface this loom equipped with an individual drive motor you completely enclosed loom drive motors are smaller but they deliver the same amount of power motors of this type include this one with a built in fly wheel shown here with the cover removed these motors may be equipped with a synthetically insulated cable that prevents shorts fire and production delay a significant development of the trend of higher production speeds is this new weaving machine it uses individual picks in the filling instead of the usual continuous filling no bobbin winding here very little wear on the war and you get a uniform feeling  a modern example of higher control speeds finer quality control here is another important trend in today's tech filmmaking methods for better quality slifer less fly an improved product there's a vacuum card stripper in this device there's no brush to touch the clothing the vacuum stripper has cut direct stripping costs and at the same time boosted output the modern pin rafter includes even the very shortest fibers as it levels out and reduces the fibers it will hold the uniformity of the thirty's yarn closely to half account this finer control of quality can result in a saving of as much as thirty five percent in the final cost of the product the machine is used here for was to dion's but it will also handle synthetics or blends in knitting finer quality control requires correct operation in this application electricity does its work by feeling while in the west straightener it does its work by seeing the photoelectric i just takes a steady look at the cloth going through the tender when it sees fuel it's set to true and it will do this even when the tender is operating at top speed by eliminating skewl it cuts down inspection time later on and it makes possible more accurate cutting and making up it takes over for the operators eyes and nerves and best of all automatic electric west straightening adds value to the product finer quality control in inspection is also possible by this equipment used here on a tender can be used for finer quality control of printed fat and materials and in several other ways a modern back your drive all electrically controlled keeps tension uniform during being winding operations by keeping correct cross tension this drive prevents crashing of the inner layers of cloth during the wind he promotes smooth roll and safeguards the texture and finish this new diet jagged illustrates the trenta finer quality control consistent on varying diet work depends on consistent on varying tension in the club in this machine tension is closely controlled electrically then to check di and fabric colors and check them accurately and scientifically there's a spectrum for tom other this instrument can detect and record more than two million different colors measures colors mathematically and it does the job right the first time the spectrophotometer unable as the mill to produce uniform colors in succeeding batches and repeat orders so there are likely to be complaints from customers it permits exact matching to international color standards and the answer is always graphically recorded still another instrument for finer quality control is the electronic tensile tester by compensating for instrument and class characteristics it gives us move test at a constant rate of stress so it's really accurate this accuracy is made possible by applying automatic electronic controls to the pendulum type  tester for finer quality control of either fiber or roving an air arfa system of measurement is proving successful here in this instrument in a laboratory measuring by air pressure the this or thinness of a section of cotton roving finer quality control here as in many other processes helps the male produce better textiles another trend the trend to new processing methods his getting a lot of attention from progressive middle men for example there's a new technique of in for red radiant heating infrared lamps are already doing a multitude of processing jobs setting starches drying rain predating fabrics drying impregnation dehydration incense arising drying twist setting operation no kinks allowed in these tire carts carefully controlled dielectric heat assures us move uniform twist this fast modern method heat clear through from the inside out no to that no special heating cans are needed to simply heat through the final wrapping and the package comes out ready for shipment and this is only one of several practical applications of dielectric heating non woven fabric so illustrate this trend to new processing methods for example this material is made by blending cotton and re on fibers then bonding instead of weaving them then there's an entirely new and different process of making pile fabrics of great density and with long wearing qualities with this method floppy is propelled electrically onto a cross backing that has been coated with  fibers hit the backing squarely and stick forming a thick durable pile plain pile fabric for shoes can be made by this process so can embroidery materials automobile rugs and fabrics for other applications from the trend to new processing methods let's turn to the final chapter in this report can tenuous processing one of the most important production and processing trends in the textile industry range operation continuous processing with two or more machines operating in tandem as a common length of fabric moves through them without interruption the basis of efficient range operation is the electrical system of coordinates in the relative speeds of individually powered units the range will accelerate quickly it will decelerate smoothly and run steadily with just the right fabric tension automatically maintained  at each individual unit the electric drive will provide speeds as fast as processing techniques will allow a compensating gait is one of the most commonly used control devices for the coordination of range speed and fabric tension another type of automatic control uses the photoelectric eye to scan a loop in the fabric or so called soft motors can be used for the warp of the fabric is strong enough itself to act as a controlled belt and slow down or speed up the motors for correct tension this is the principle of electrically coordinated adjustable speed range drive continuous processing for bleaching washing dying and soaping printing and plane finishing in actual range operation each length of fabric receives identical treatment so uniformly higher quality of product assured the handling of material between machine units is done away with and in between losses a reduced continuous processing cuts down power and maintenance cost and production is production at the point of use putting electric motors right where they are needed to increase machine production control speed to closely coordinated each step in fabric finer quality control to meet the growing demand for better text processing methods to help solve problems and create new markets and continuous processing of the modern textile techniques mass production by range driven