but was ordered to reduce a military hazard at a time when danger of invasion was great two thirds of the evacuees are american citizens by right of birth the rest are there japanese born parents and grandparents the people are not  different relocation centers in unsettled parts of california arizona utah idaho wyoming colorado and arkansas all they relocation centers are supervised by the war relocation authority which is doomed responsibility for the people after they had been evacuated and cared for example early by the army relocation centers housing from seven to eighteen thousand people barrack type buildings divided into compartments twelve report teen residents building through a block each block provided with the mess hall bath house laundry building and recreation about three hundred people to a block the entire community bounded b guarded by military police symbols of the military nature of the evacuation each family upon arrival at a relocation saturday was assigned to a single room compartment about twenty by twenty five feet ba scrap lumber perhaps some wallboard and a great deal of energy curtains pictures great depending on the family's own ingenuity and take help to make the place livable some families built and to provide some privacy others took what they received and made the best of it the three hundred or so residents of the block heat in a mess hall cafeteria style rough wooden tables  the paths benches the food is nourishing but simple and maximum of forty five cents a day per person is allowed for food and the actual cost is considerably less than that for an increasing amount of the food is produced that  standard combination of oriental dishes to meet the tastes of the each day born in japan and american type bake is to satisfy the need a born in america lands that had never been occupied or farmed were ditches laid out for rebuilt in order that the people could produce a part of their own food then came the ploughing and preparation of the soil and planting that few of the setters had dropped in before and around the relocation centers they could and did do it again by the application of hard work and water for irrigation at the two centers in arkansas they have introduced western type irrigation and succeeded in producing vegetables in the heat of mid summer when ordinary production methods were not successful tomatoes peppers cumbers corn melons and many other crops have been grown on land that a year or two years ago was unproductive arizona center there most productive in winter the others produce only in summer or fall so vegetable crops are exchange because the workers engaged in farming take many other to handle food in the warehouses in transportation in the kitchen to keep the rolling equipment trucks cars and tractors in operation it takes mechanics and machine it water mains have to be laid and repaired roads sanitation systems and buildings have to be maintained at the arkansas side or the land is covered with trees in the clearing process provides lumber for construction and firewood for heating those who work for pay wages buyouts nad standards are low twelve dollars a month for beginners sixteen dollars a month for most of the workers and one thousand dollars for professional people such as doctors and others on skilled or difficult work the workers also receive a small cap allowance for clothing the money received his wages let an evacuee buy the things he needs which are not provided by the government but most have had to draw on their savings to live as they would like  a cooperative business association operates stores which handle clothing toilet articles and the merchandise which would be needed in any community the co ops also run barber shops beauty parlors he repair shops and other services for the community when the school bell rings it's a signal for the students at heart mountain in wyoming to change class in the school curriculum meet the standard of the state where the center is located mathematics american history he already the fundamentals of an american education this is a class in mathematics and a rhythm class a fifth grade pupil in the modern school many subject the right had to read and write and decorate the walls of their barrack building classroom the same kind of beautifully clumsy drawings that can be found in almost any first grade room in the high schools vocational training gets plenty of attention scientific farming studied in school and in the field and older boys are learning trades they use them first as part of the regular work of the relocation center as welders mechanics machinists frequently learning to do the necessary jobs in a relocation center and lead to better jobs outside health protection is part of the obligation assumed by the government evacuee doctors and nurses served in the hospital under the supervision of caucasian dentist oculus and pharmacist dullsville they japanese professional men and women most of them american citizens had their own practices on the west coast before evacuation many of them now  in the army medical corps and others have replaced doctors and other health workers in communities outside the center of the health service and relocation centers in proportion the population is about like that of any other american community in wartime barely adequate the evacuees have a form of community self government with the aid of the appointed officials an administration now the community a community council of evacuees here's elected to make rules and regulations anyone eighteen years old or older is eligible to vote in the elections which are carried on in the democratic manner a judicial commission sits in judgment on minor offenses attorneys among the evacuees represent the prosecution and the defen serious crime would be tried in the regular courts outside the center of the crime rate among people who japanese ancestry in the united states always has been extremely low and this is proved to be the case in the cent after working hours over a weekend a relocation center is the scene of baseball and softball games by the dozen the teams are counted by the hundreds be back in ways of providing practically all of their own equipment for little government money has been spent for strictly recreational purposes in the fall touch football is in season and more quiet form the recreation the relocation centers include many well known artists and mature and professional artists and craftsmen have used their spare time in creating beauty in many different forms sunday church services advanced preparations include carrying the benches into the back building most of the alien japanese are booted but almost half their american when born children belong to some christian denomination catholic methodist presbyterian except for state canto involving emperor work there is no restriction on religion in relocation cent boy scouts who usually provide the color guard for the american flag which float over eight centers are typical of the american organizations which are prominent in each relocation center there's a u s o club to provide entertainment for the japanese american soldiers who come to the center to visit their families or friends girl scouts camp fire girls parent teacher association the red cross the evacuees belong to these organizations in their former home and transplanted them to the floats and to join in the good time that goes with the full day of celebration while a have many things in common with ordinary american communities in the really important things relocation centers are not normal and probably never can be home life is disrupted eating living and working conditions are abnormal training of children is difficult american isn't taught in the schools and churches and on the playgrounds loses much of its meaning in the confines of a relocation center when i want relocation authority was only a few months old it was decided that relocation centers should not be maintained any longer than necessary the first people to leave the relocation centers were volunteer workers recruited to help tanned and later to harvest the sugar beet crop of the western states almost one tenth of the evacuees volunteered for this seasonal work in one hundred forty two the result of their labor it was a year sugar ration for about ten million people but work in the beet field was temporary most of the people returned to the center of the war relocation authority has been more concerned with permanent relocation getting the evacuees out of the backwaters of the relocation centers into the mainstream of american life so their labor can help to win the war so the cost to the taxpayers may be reduced so there can be no question of the constitutionality of any part of the action taken by the government to meet the dangers of war so no law abiding american need to fear for his own freedom relocation of the evacuees is not being carried on at the sacrifice of national security only those evacuees whose statements and whose acts leave no question of their loyalty to the united states are permitted to leave all information available from intelligence agencies is considered in determining whether or not each individual is eligible to lead those who are not eligible to leave have been moved to one side or to live presumably for the duration of the war the others as they believe the law nurse and a large hospital he was a teaching supervisor of nurses in a seattle hospital before evacuation he has three brothers all in the army they tracked a grabber here is roy here moto who used to farm near walnut and cultivate potatoes on a farm in the middle west this is ruth meet her father ran a proof stand in berkeley california and ruth helped him after living in the post and relocation center he moved to chicago and has become a skillful turret lathe operator the young man spraying potatoes are from the minute the relocation center this boy like a printing crate but had no chance to learn it until after he had left the relocation center he's helping to print some of the nation's supply of magazines american eggs are shipped all over the world to americans in the armed forces and to our allies marry her good he breaks  which are to be dry and in the same plant john here mury feed the drying machine him kharif who used to be a clerk in madeira california now he's a candy maker in chicago american flags some of them for the armed forces are turned out by mrs yochi a hobby he hopes that one of the flag he makes someday may be carried in triumph down the streets of tokyo to produce business  to make marshmallows breaking oats in the middle west is a new experience to teche the older well used to grow vegetables near venice california an artificial leg doesn't interfere with the way he handles a pit young fellow operating a bookbinding machine is typical of the evacuees who are adjusting to new communities getting along with their employers fellow workers and neighbors and finding satisfaction in becoming self supporting once more the american ism of the great majority of americans japanese finds its highest expression in the thousands who are in the united states army almost half of them are in a japanese american combat team created by order of the secretary of war early in one nine hundred forty three some of the volunteers came from hawaii some from the eastern part of the united states mainland where there was no math evacuation hundreds of them volunteered while they were in relocation centers volunteered to fight against the militarism and oppression of japan and germany they know what they're fighting against and they know what they're fighting for their country and for the american ideals that are part of their upbringing democracy freedom equality of opportunity regardless of race creed