am by nature an argumentative governmental cause but looking back i've also always been sensitive to fairness and concerned about social justice and it turns out that justice is the inseparable twin i'm here tonight as a part time professor of all college but for twenty seven years i was an eye surgeon here and now and first as a partner of my father william arens fourth and that of the partner my younger brother john i really enjoyed hearing from patients and my career with both rewarding and very educational for me i grew up believing that in the united states everyone was supposed to have the same opportunity to succeed my life in medicine cured me of this delusion as i tried to care for people whose chances were truncated by his advantages of health of heredity of poverty of race of intelligence all the nerd limitations against which they struggle to succeed  competitive world i saw families without the means to pay their bills he said people for whom a ride for my office was a community event people who work with all their might or become social prejudices and a heartless medical insurance system i was repeatedly n ot of my patients who terminations courage and hold within the hold with which they strolled to deal with adversity the sum of these career experiences nudge me to learn more and to i nvolve myself in justice and service i put some time and energy into community nonprofit organizations dedicated to helping disadvantaged families and youth the community as you know the boys and girls club the home and community health center and free health clinic and you believe ministries i work as part of medical missions and hundreds and elsewhere sometimes with my weight here and we raised our two sons which provided we meet with more lessons in justice and p i wanted to be an advocate for justice and grew increasingly interested in learning more so i have more than opinions offered for there's another reason i retired in two thousand and four from my practice in ophthalmology and went back to school earning a master degree in peace studies at the university of notre dame and the joan kroc is a coup for international peace studies my time is a crock and two when sharon was a transformative experience living in close community was fourteen brilliant much younger students from all over the globe and learning from an renowned professors who dedicated their lives to doing the whole for greater peace and justice in the world part of my master's studies involved living in kenya for six months as an intern for the nairobi peace initiative to pivotal events in my development followed after sharon and i returned to holland whole college invited me to deliver them two thousand and seven a j must lecture a great honor which introduced me to my hometown and a new way of boosted my confidence of that he said because then in two thousand and ten after sharon and i had been observers of a christian peacemaker team for two weeks in israel   pression on and reminded me of similar mistaken policies systems and structures of injustice and intolerance they drove our own countries persecution and genocide in native americans and nazi germany's persecution and genocide against jews in europe four years ago a group of old college professors gathered to develop the peace and justice minor for hope students and they invited me to be part of this beginning planning group that was evident in the leadership of holds a new president yonhap but they face difficulties any it is in those courses in the college as costs and colleges are wary of probe program bloat and hope support it helps that the new minor is a natural fit for hope's mission statement to educate students for lives of service and leadership in global society and of course hold is a great an institution and jesus there exist in the united states and abroad a collection collection of collegiate majors and minors and peace and justice studies but they're not common and many are merely collections of already existing courses the core faculty group wanted to hold peace and justice program to be more than that they considered best practices among the best programs and determine to ground the minor into required courses first a gateway course that  and provide a solid base of peace and justice concepts and second of capstone course the finishing course that would bring together christianity of the quest for peace my peace studies or so being diverse the foundation of the minor college offers a wide variety of courses that are deeply involved in issues of justice and peace from inner loop from inner group dialogue to ethics and kristin to side which is to reason ethnic relations to genocide in the modern world to environmental sociology to civil war america to feminist visions of justice and these would become electives in the new minor these and others in two thousand in the college approved this new miner to be offered to students first that fall just as collegiate studies of biology political science elite or chinese economics music an art says a psychology business management religion mathematics and education prepa as minor includes law diplomacy education conflict resolution and mediation economic development counseling a broad field of non governmental organizations and even business management or even medicine i tell my students that understanding processes of peace and justice will make them better at anything and everything that they do and i believe that of us and interviewed my professors in order damon hope professors would birth this idea hoping to learn how to conduct a course and actually teach so the students would be engaged and soused and get their money's worth  thought i was going a little overboard on that first autumn six students signed up for my course in peace studies and by this measure my class was a closed summit some a circle of four young women who are really smart and really across history wealth has been of the loving bedfellow of war and in time money comes in the side of  oh i didn't look back studies minor and i'm really interested in a way it's kind of by accident actually i've been talking to professor kaku a little bit about it came to an introductory meeting and it really fit with my social work major  who work with kids with disabilities and these sorts of conflict resolution tactics that i learned through the minor or very helpful in working across culturally through translator all that sort of fun  classes that have been oriented towards peace studies whether or not they're count toward the mine or the first nigerian class i remember walking in the first day we had i think a reading assignment per se although intrigued i didn't give it much thought at first since i was already a double major and determined to graduate in the first four years however i have not ever being a research assistants one of the miners developer is dr d johnson and then later that summer we were together and she began to realize that my passion for cross cultural research and understanding aligned had been even deeper a passion for peace and justice and dr either depressed or in green so much of human history revolves around one group of people driving at the cost of exploiting another and it is hard to be confronted with that reality and it's hard to realize that in many ways my american conflicts it is the complete restoration of all things being put back into right relationship with each other with this understanding it is impossible to separate peace mercy and love justice and righteousness and this is what dr insurer's is going to refer to as positive it's so fast forward almost a year and a half after i graduated from hope i had studied peace and justice and northern ireland and scotland in south africa and worked spiritual values and sizing service and promoting peace and justice all in addition to providing a quality education a big part of my job is helping the campus engage and living out this mission of peace justice and  amusing i'm so grateful for the academic foundation of peace and justice that this miner has given me and full heartedly believe it will continue to shape where i go from here and i continue to work is all going i also find myself preparing to apply for a masters in islamic studies among shareware that will take me but excited to find out lives are heading and where they're going and where you're going what you're doing already he studies originates in the assumption that there's war is too important to the left or the generals pieces to important to the left only to those who have warm and fuzzy notions about doing good in this world records in peace studies develops understanding of the precursors and processes of violent conflict and peace and revive a strong foundation on which students can build further learning related to these this is one of these studies of developed over the past century and continues to develop evidence based understanding this and strategies that are much more effective than established theories in resolving a very for me conflict and moving societies towards sustainable these this course these studies aims to engage questions and elements what is peace what is positive peace what are the forces and nine am it's a conflict especially violent conflict at different levels of human interaction interaction what is proper for all violence what are professed and actual causes and purposes of war what is the relationship connecting justice and peace how can people respond to conflict without violence how culture religion economics and politics create peace and in what ways do these stimulate violence and why are diplomatic or accords so problematic water core principles of negotiation conflict transformation and nonviolence social action what makes nonviolent action so powerful what is peace building and what principles guided practices among people trapped in violent conflict finally how can we individually and together live as agents of peace and justice ideas second the students learn and understand basic concepts and information developed by the discipline he studies third the students reflect on the ways in which these my horse is oriented around this because of bills and central questions the first principle is the fusion of said and inseparability of justice and peace what in our culture generally passes for peace is the near violence again peace and sustainable requires much more positive peace requires restoration of usual trust and concern real change in a troubled relationship is negative ease the absence of over violence plus justice justice that addresses the equities that have fueled the violent conflict justice that reforms structural injustices lives give a wonderful definition of the justice that you know of the justice of other pieces justice and support positive piece this is this is the one that i think that i give the students in the classroom very just as it is a society  what are examples of justice concern racial ethnic and sex and sexual orientation discrimination attempts to hinder or prevent people of color from voting tax cuts for the wealthy congress make it extremely difficult to gain citizenship but it allows employers to hire undocumented waiters it serves when it is laws that allow people to carry lethal guns among other citizens hate speech hate actions these these are some of the sins and we all know of many more even though each of us can make a list of what are examples of justice laws they guarantee everyone agony of opportunity to participate in and impact the political prioritize supported by the many of the on able and is able to is is this kind of justice possible is surely possible to move toward justice positive the recalls the biblical concept of shalom maybe this peace without justice isn't really peace at all as paul policy said if you hope for is you hope for peace were for justice attack social political and economic justice can only happen when different groups of people all the tribe the society choose to honor respect and have concern for the well being of all the others this is the of forming a peacefully and are greeted structurally fair society peace is about sharing all this harmonies and forming new just relationships i mentioned structural injustice structural structural violence then always imposed in the name of stability in order always greed reactive violence structural violence racism economic favoritism  an intolerant intolerance laws that give some but not others access to the political process every system other than what other structural violence systems have a deficit surround unintended and implicit biases our structural injustices the cause of and or the results of social biases and political processes was just peace means been directed reform existing imbalances of power the saddest poll is the systems of injustices swede's harmony endure and kill people in families who lack it and within a society the structural  violence rises on the strong skeleton of dollar that buys even political power and the project invest peace must confront those abuses in order to lead to or the reformation among nations the violence a war going build around the proper cons a political realism the machiavellian international system of state sovereignty and balance of violent power you and i are living today in the first period of time since the seventeenth century in which political real ism is rapidly eroding boundaries no longer hold people and don't even try to restrict movement of money and material modern weaponry has overwhelmed the ability of and the most powerful and that and that is in the world have not been able to have that the status quo is changing the hopes of peace lie in new relationships and systems that will learn from the past and respond to human peaceful force of the nonviolent american civil rights movement changed justice in the united states forever and laid a foundation for continuing movement toward social peace social change movements can and do  the semester long flow of all colleges he studies courses start with a basic understand is a positive piece and among the many philosophies of the justice tries to identify the justice of social democracy that is consistent with positive peace the building on the foundation of positive peace justice and interpersonal peace we then gave the dynamics of conflict and the many ways a social political and economic structural justice from in towers and racism to oppression and genocide country the risks of weak and feeling states terrorism in their responses to terrorism and the costs and feelings of militarism at that point that these days course turns away from wars and violent and violence and moves into our world attempts to generate half as a nice after learning about the united nations of the idea of global governance for peace we look at the policy and formal peace negotiations or agreements and then the transition of nations from protracted internal wars toward developing sustainable peace within each strategic is building a long term on the ground work of helping families and peoples to move from course covers goods towards social change for justice and peace and finally to spend time thinking and talking together about personal peace and then suddenly each year of course is over and my students are sp back out of my life when so many watermelon seed was planted i hope they will be equipped stimulated and even inspired a little to make the priorities of justice and peace a part of their lives destination or achievement he says and how we live and not knowing what we achieve peace begins and exists begins it exists in relationships not only among individuals who hold each other closely but in the quality relationships are among groups even among groups of peoples who are under who are very unlike each other and have no contact with each other we can be age of the peace by expanding our circles of concern by caring not only for families and friends but for everyone in our communities everyone in our complex diverse society everyone in the world we can expand or circles of concern if you hope for peace work for justice justice is the essential inner structure of peace we can be advocates and activists for justice the enemies of activism are tended to be complacency in sent unique gifts we can be advocates and agents of justice and peace by doing these things listen for the call of ease see this voice listen for  thirty seconds that expresses what you believe is important and use it in conversations speak out when you witness in justice speak peace give peace money is necessary powerfully shielded from the violence in the rest of the world our oceans protect us our military protects us and and even in world war two where where the united states suffered terribly two percent of the casualties in world war two are united states soldiers wars they're everywhere else that have been fought in countries and we've never experienced that so this stuff is is just leave horrifying to us other people who live through these things and it's amazing that these an example that pops in my mind right away is serially own a country in africa oh that that had an internet in for village and cut off hands and feet of people just almost for sport and rape babies and kill them and it would if this went on for years and the conflict ended compared to what it was and i agree with you i don't understand how things like this can happen i would say that for instance in our experience living in in  the group of people the subculture in kenya that that sell the most interested and dedicated to peace was the muslim population along the coast and so the characterizations we often hear of a religion other than there are prevailing religion being dedicated to violence and hating everybody else i i do not believe that that's even remotely and they recruit religious differences just as in europe so a few hundred years ago there were christian sects that were there were destroying killing matterhorn each other as well then there's  similarity i think the then the relatively on technology guys will is going from a term feudal society to trying to become something like modern society moving away from some of these things slavery was accepted a normal in this country hundred in seventy five years ago and internet and we see that we actually have slavery now we have human trafficking  but i do i do i do believe personally that then we have been poorly served by the minute by the rhetoric and the messages the come out of not only process as we're talking about i think one of the one of the things they can they can elevate each of our confidence in not only the future versus i even our potential own rules to do this is the awareness