it but some people have noticed that their cars are being completed more quickly than ever these days one reason for it is operator's toll dialing a new method of speeding speech now being introduced in city after cities throughout the bell system such operator dialing can be done with a familiar telephone dial or as in this office with a key set which is faster these operators are using equipment which improves the service and reduces the time in which the average long distance call after writing down the two numbers on the ticket record looking up the route to chicago and plugging into a trunk or pathway to the equipment the operator depresses the proper keys to advance the call each key goes part of the information needed from there on the new equipment takes over and promptly advances the call right through to ringing the system telephone directly that's all there is to it when our signal light shows of the called party is answered the for the time on the ticket for a comparison let's suppose that you are making a toll call between two cities with no direct lines connecting them and the call is handled by one of the methods used before operator tol you reached a long distance operator in city and gave her the number of the called party she probably calls another operator in your city and asked to be connected with city x and intermediate point when the girl answers your operator ask for a connection through to study b but suppose this is the unusual case when all the lines to be are busy your operator then has to start all over again she asks the other operator in your city for city why an alternate routing when this connection is not the girl in the city why puts the call through to city b the operator in city b connect through to the number you called brings it and your party answers service by such methods has been developed to a high degree of efficiency but operator total dialing will make it even better now if this call is handled by the new method you began the same way by reaching your long distance operator and telling her the number you want she brings in the automatic switching equipment serving your city plugs into a trunk she is connected to a sender such as this by pressing her keys she puts the tones into the sender for example on the stimulus call the chicago the first three times a then it calls on another device the marker telephone people call it the brain because of its complex nerve system the marker picks up the first three tone selects a clear path to the distance that sets up the connection between here's a test panel which provides a visible record of all calls going through the equipment if there is any trouble in handling a call marker and mediately complains on the trouble indicator panel here it calls for the doctor so to speak at the present time long distance offices like the one you've seen can control existing mechanical equipment in many parts of the country further installations are now going forward how does the development like this come about a broad program of research and development covering all aspects of communication is constantly carried on the bell telephone laboratories over the years scientists like these developed equipment which would be able in a measure sing to make decisions by itself they conceived and designed automatic switching and the use of tones for sending signals over long distances used in pole dialing but new devices must be designed for mass production at low cost that's why bell telephone laboratories around the western electric company the manufacture and supply member of the bell system team work hand in hand in designing and building for telephone service of special parts needed for operator told dialing are manufactured and assembled in various western electric plants then put through rigid tests before being shipped their experts follow the prince up to the operating greater knowledge and skills are needed to maintain this new system so many telephone people are going back to school and of course the operators have to be trained in using the new equipment today more and more long distance call service becomes better people use it more and greater use means a steadily growing number of telephone people today for example there are about twice as many men and women in the bell system as there were twenty five years ago operator toll dialing as a method of speeding speech is already an accomplished fact to the scientists of the bell system even though it will take a great deal of time and money before all the needed equipment can be built in stone and put into operation all over the country what will the outcome of their present research be how many uses will be found for and perhaps these men themselves cannot tell us the details now about the final aim is clear goal is the goal of the men and women of the bell system the best possible service at the least possible cost and that means a constantly improve done faster service for all of