you work a little bit to get as we get started using your imagination to wait to see me when my story starts and nine fourteen and the germans are entering paris in a story starts in june forty well immediately our life changed quickly the moment germans were in paris night parents were out of work my parents were actors in the theater but in a very special type of theat certain proportion of the jewish population and my parents who were working acting for that book religion but the moment the germans into terrorists out of work no changes came up quickly especially with the french authorities working hand in hand with the germans  people said to each other that to themselves well this is our french police asking us to register it's not the germans so there were long lines of people in several days long lines old people young people children and so on the first the first job of the police was to take care of the young men my brother who was seven years older than i was so we knew  twenty's received a letter her from the french police from our area saying on search and search a date you have to come to such and such a place it was a gym if i remember will come to the gym bring your identity papers for verification and i remember the conversation between my brother and my father and do my father kept saying i don't know i don't understand they asked us to register  army when they did don't get calling me so there's nothing to hide he won't we try to bring papers i will so he and quite a few other young men when to the gym on that day and the police surrounded the gym and the young man did not come back ok no after some time we get a note from the police saying your son is in a camp be didn't call it concentration of the camp friends about the middle of friends is the longest river we have been friends the world river that and just north of only all two camps and one of those is where my brother was i'm trying to remember when the sequence was you know before that i mean before that since my brother was taken my parents got worried about me because they young men first who knows boys may come maybe second so i do not know how but my father managed to get in touch with a organization of women called french women against fascism and then organisation of women try to put sticks in the wheels of the french police as much as they could and among other things they would take care of boris that they would send off somewhere away from big cities into the countryside of friends here we are due to waiting i heard for the first time false identity i had a student card with another name than mine on on  and in normandy along all the coastline and on the whole of the coastline the germans were building a series of forty three occasions with r atlantic wall and so do the germans were very careful about that area but we had first to deal with the police in the station but they didn't pay attention to two boys of a woman arrives and she takes us to do train in the direction of the coastline and again again police aboard the train and eventually doof french police is replaced by german police but again again at that point they were not worried about bo the team and the woman and he takes us to a very small village in normandy we are the only person who knew who we were was the young priest w wonderful was very very helpful because it first we were placed two in a farm and here we were both two boys of fifteen coming from the city not exactly accustomed to the young priest kept checking and do we told him it's it's hard we're willing but it's really difficult you can complain about the food the first time i saw the fun table covered with food i had not seen for months i couldn't believe my eyes but but the work was there and it was hard any way the young priest took care of he said don't look around and he found a place for each of us where we're game we did where expected to work but it was feasible anyway i back i miss my parents and one day i decided to go back the former for whom i was working when he found out that i was planning to  parents which was wonderful so i was back in paris but the problem was in paris now that you had to really keep your ears open because there were rumors going around saying that maybe the police would be coming in a certain section of paris to pick up then and several nights we left our apartment and went up it was a big building with several levels we would go up to the top level where there used to be maids rooms and we would try to spend the night there on the bed if there was a bed among good pieces of the band and furniture and so one two for several nights but when the police came and we hadn't heard anything the threaten to break down the door and they were coming from my father and again we got a postcard saying that you we could send a package of food and a package of clothing each month now for my father it was just outside of which was also called a camp but not a concentration camp lead to pull things together and this is i think would happen my parents as actors were very well known in paris and the if my mother went to a store to shop people would come up to her and say we saw you in the play the other day good night and affairs and the actors and my mother was very very we'll known so here is this woman who is a star and his no choice to work with some money in one way or the other in order to keep us going to keep the three men going one in one camp one in another can been  you could do it but i think i think was possibly must have happened is that people that knew her so well as an actress but knew that she was out of work and possibly knew that her husband and her son were intense must have approached her and offered work what sort of work will money some supplements and of was a whole system organized itself called the black market where you could break practically find any type of food or any type of clothing and shoes of provided you willing to pay and some people must have approached my mother and offered work as a good between between the people who have the goods in the people want to buy the goods you had to have some people carrying the goods and so they offered this work to my mother if you were caught carrying goods you could really be in trouble she had to take the chance of the top of it after eight o'clock jews could not circulate in paris so she had to do all that in the course of the day keeping our eyes open to policemen and so ones who for deliver we never he was given to deliver and being paid and being able to keep some of that money for us i don't ever remember no mother complaining in closing it and going to sell them in the black market of course ok you know let's see who's left well women children old people sick people  and they did their job the section about letters letters from from home there was a letter from a young man there are you member it really struck me you this is a young man who they worked in his neighborhood had told him and other people don't stay at home tonight we have orders to come and get everybody and  in men was writing a think you letter to the policeman that you remembered and whose name you did not know and so i want i wanted to say yes on that day there have been some policeman who did that but only son the rest picking up women children old people and sick people it's just a job and they did their job there were buses travelling in paris in the early morning hours as people were getting ready going to work where they saw these buses full of women children old people and some people on stretchers i spent two three months in don't see you must have lost about twenty pounds during your period when we came to the t sometimes brought with us a book or two and the depend stone from one to the other until the literally disintegrated but after some time there were a group of young people and then something something happened and then noticed the fact that the young people would do get together and so on any called a meeting informal meeting where you explain to us what we did i don't already know that the whole see it become a transit camp you came to the they kept you certain amount of time but they called lists of names almost every day if you were one of those lists they would put you in a special enclosure cut off from the rest of the camp you could not use the latrines for instance you could not receive the book the food whatever i did not tell you about the food coffee bad coffee so this name would coldest together said we are all badly off but among us there are some that are worse off than the rest it's the people that are put in that enclosure because they know that they will be cut off from the rest of the camp cannot communicate with anybody anymore and the next day probably talks will take them off to the trains in the trains would you like to help the people that are put in that enclosure you could take food to them you could take messages from then to the camp from the camp to them and he said the toughest part of the job would be since they cannot uses the toilets that everybody uses you were left to carry to in enclosure up and down heavy metal containers that would be portable the trains we talked and we thought it was a good idea and so we became the volunteers inside the camp and we work that way one day the names on the list were my parents and i and we were put in the enclosure and my friends came with food with those metal metal containers and to say goodbye the next morning we're done waiting they they we wait and then we hear someone is calling a list of names but we pay no attention we've already been chosen but that person keeps calling that list again and again and again and finally i think my father says to the person what is this that you're calling and they say it's a list to be taken out of the came out but not on the troops out it in my father said what are all the names and the names were on that list too we didn't know skinny questions as you can imagine we were put on a bus after some time and that bus took us out of out of the  so here we are now where do we do what we try to understand what happened what happened here is simply and i won't go into details about that germany and russia had a non aggression pact but as far as the germans are concerned that was a piece of paper when they would be ready they would attack well the plan worked out almost will for the germans but they got slowed down they got slow done because the resistance diversion resistance increased as time went on and the supply lines became longer maybe another year another spring and maybe another winter and so they decided that any of the people that made for coats for bonnets for gloves for boots that would work for them would be protected and is so happened that among the professions in paris for instance there were quite a few small workshops said i can do i can make coach for you but you have to give me back some of my best workers and this did german said give me your list and he put my parents on back in paris we have to we have to get help that men who had saved us because he would be in real danger if the germans ver you had to wait and see what would happen or would you take some chances and since i came out of the camp i had rejoined the jewish boys girls where i was  leader and found out that there was a so among the jew you boys girls that made false identity papers now you could so you could buy  that waiting any longer for the protection of those protection cords was out of the out of the question any more we decided to leave paris to go to the s the train stopped and german police would come on board and check all identity papers and that was the big chains we were taking i mean if the papers we had were perfect for they worried about into it took you of the train and called two very far away where your papers were supposed to come from and so on and so forth so that was a big chance of course we knew we stopped at the line between north and south german police comes on board we take out of papers they pass they call the germans were not interested in our papers they were looking for italian soldiers who were drop their uniforms phone civilian clothing and were going back to italy and my mother well my mother continues saving us and her way but are you going every day to market in coming back that was a small miracle i mean we hadn't seen a potato for i don't know how long so that went into the oven and each each of us got about two babies resources and it was wonderful what she did because she is the person she he he was she died in providence and of course if you were lucky enough to have the olive trees or two to know someone who had all of oil with that you could exchange for almost anything  so she would come back having done her shopping but you would come back with a little booking and the lady in the bakery would say oh that was a false identity named bo done by the way when i was in school in the secondary school do corrosion sometimes the teacher would call a in the next day the lady would say minimal the welsh come over he said we have some birds from yesterday and we go to take home take it home so bread a being careful because there were germans do the germans came in occupied southern france which they had no to occupy it but it's w now i get a letter from the police this is always very new who has been you get a letter from the police i hope you don't know about that what do they want they remind me we're supposed to young men are supposed to help the germans built a system of defenses along the mediterranean as i said to you we're supposed to work i think it was two weeks now should i go or should i go certainly didn't want to go and work for the germans the problem was if i didn't since different police that send me the invitation did come in check if they came to check here we are with our false identity papers so i went and i work two weeks  the germans know they must have been of a sixty young men between the ages of eighteen and twenty five working in a huge field what were we so one old german on a bicycle is in charge of sixty young men who are trained not to work so he comes it cruises very very slowly and enough so we look and over the wall a whole series of cherry trees in full production well our best climber with a big head is sent and comes zone with a horace to be shared by everybody and we're just in the middle of doing it when all of a sudden normandy must be getting ready to lend relatively soon after or since since they are after all in north africa in a even in italy and know all they need to do is just cross over into to the coastline of southern france where we have build that tremendous defense that ari that i described to you with oh yes oh yes thank you they we had a nickname for those romell asparagus romell being one of the great german generals and asparagus plains paratroopers jumping we can see the white jumping jumping so many are so many of them it's incredible what a night world in eight in the next morning story i walk out of the house we live on the hill right next to the german central organization office right next to the i pass and there is a german at the gate there my parents have said to me where are you going i said i'm going to try and see where they can do to help i can take messages or i can even than if i don't do it now when will i do it and they let me go and i go down and i see the first members of the underground one to another to another to another until i am facing the leader of the french underground in drag in you and in the region and he says to me someone told me that you speak english is a true and i said yes sorry i speak english in the he said to me are you sure you're a godsend and i said what do you mean i'm quite willing to help but i don't  if i can handle a weapon to this point but i mean i'm will i'll do whatever you want me to do he said look what we heard is we're occupying the center of town but the german stronghold if since you speak english you can make contact either with the paratroopers relented all over the area or to the lens forces will be coming from the mediterr there and explain to them the situation and see would they can do and be with them so as to explain if they needed explanations so situ ok i'll do it so that that night that evening started i walk out of the town with the another young man who is a small machine gun  and know we listen because if there is a vehicle on the road that as gas it's either german or french men that works for the germans so whenever we hear a vehicle we jump in a ditch the other thing is the germans have also a motorcycle with a machine gun on the side  until all of a sudden facing us it was like i it's hard to the score a bird it's hard to find back to it's a few years and that was the first mission from then on i had several other missions with the paratroopers especially because so many things had been dropped this famous gli chief of the underground and said and done i said the is there anything else i can do with my english he said why don't you join one of the american outfits that are going to go in the direction of the so he said why why don't you leave with the first american unit that is going to be full following that route you will be their interpreter you can wherever you come you can always ask traveled and we traveled north i discovered american military food is metal boxes with eight am and eggs i have not seen ham or eggs in quite a while and had there they were in a b well essentially after guiding the americans when i came back to the already known because i didn't don't want to lose another year i had to take exams the final  there was a little monument that said here the members of the underground meant the first paratroopers and there were the two of us that was our monument a little later travelling with my wife quite a few years later just want to mention one thing i tried to help the americans as much as possible but when we came into the arps we came into a tone which was a ski station and we were in the have the information they had there on the forts surrounding the town the germans were taking over one forward after another that the italian is abandoned and we were going to be surrounded by the germans i brought the americans to the french map room so they could see and we left that in a hurry