that's maddox's been called the one universal language of mankind that is perhaps our most powerful tool for problem solving and in terms of the subject pure mathematics and the subject matter consists in the relation generally solve the problem and then the machine will carry out these instructions accurately and with fantastic speeds all of this of course requires very precise logical thinking on the part of the problem solver it is the machines power to carry out these logical operations that gives it its great value as a tool for extending logic is not the science of how we think thinking much more than logic it is essential t logic in mathematics that given a set of premises the conclusion will follow in all cases results from a computer or the necessary conclusion the rising from the data in rules of operation provided the machine by the human programmer and yet these conclusions can accurately reflect foretell real life situations what is the nature of this remarkable correspondence between the abstract symbols of mathematics and logic in the real percepti world of objects and events we asked professor nagle to comment on this well i would like to know about that because this has been i suppose for many many centuries a problem that  about sometimes about the origin of the world something about the necessity of there being some particular kind of creative agency and so if one asks why is it that the consequences of assumptions that we make are in agreement with one in nature the answer is because nothing can count as an instance of the assumptions that we make unless the assumptions themselves was asked and the electronic computer in the service of the human problem solver reflects back to him the consequences of the assumptions the employer is when he  simple reminder of the sorts of things that enter into applying any formal system to any segment of nature one would have to say the as an instance of the assumptions unless it also conforms to whatever consequence was that you struck the problem solving power of mathematics and logic combined with the speed and accuracy of the machines were carrying out these mean by a new idea in some sense of the machine only produces what you expect in the other hand you do not foresee all combinations of the machine produces combination which you are not foreseen and have the impression of now of course the question  to whether machines are computers are capable of original thought or making original contributions to knowledge  very much debated one but before one can profitably discuss it it seems to me it's very important to distinguish between two senses in which a statement or an idea might be said to be necessarily or logically implied in the premises or the assumptions and the process of thought here simply is to unravel or make explicit w already contained in a logical sense in the premise i think i risk going out on a limb here and say that seems to me that at least on the basis of our present conceptions of the capacities of computers as well as the actual one that had been constructed that computers do not come up with logically new ideas and unless the nature of the beast change very radically and that they cannot come up with logically new ideas given the assumption that underlie the present theory of computers many people are attempting to use computers to replace man i am much more interested myself in using man and machine as a working combination i believe that some of the features already fairly player is obvious to the machines can do the creation of new ideas and the direction of this or us man machine how mation will find a dividing line passing gradually from man over to machine machine taking more and more of the burden as we learn how to use the machines the machines become and i think we have to say that in this respect the human mind is capable of doing things that none of the machines that are available today is capable of doing this certainly doesn't foreclose the question of whether some time in the future machines might not be the high so that the exactly this kind of the thing will be credited to machines but it's present and this is all that one can say at the moment there is they want to live to demarcation passes the human mind in respect to the capacity to make contributions to knowledge which situation the whole world but no responsible group can oppose the coming computer revolution therefore it seems to me we have a real one which will continue and i believe the reports bigger this revolution are very misleading they often view of ourselves and our world up this i believe is the most important part of the computer revolution i do think that the as a consequence of these increased complexities in society and the society to us to develop we shall have to find ways of training ourselves how to enjoy the leisure that we presumably are going to have the greatly that we're going to have in such a way that instead of being frustrating civilizations in so far as the material goods of life are going to be increased but it does raise a fundamental issue as to how what one sometimes call the spiritual aspect of life or i would prefer to call it the creative aspect of individuality would be given room for development now there is no simple answer to this question if there is any mystery in the computer revolution let's make sure that the mystery in the right place in spite of its magnetic memory complex circuitry and so on the mystery is not in the machine the sense of on mystery that we may experience when we invention is perhaps the central marlen intellectual challenge of our brief moment in time