Repository: ApeWorX/ape

Issue:
Improve performance of `accounts.test_accounts`
### Describe

Calling `accounts.test_accounts` should be super snappy.

### Specification

Make it feel instant, at least after the first time (caching?)

### Dependencies

_No response_

Discussion:
@linear: <p><a href="https://linear.app/apeworx/issue/APE-1865/improve-performance-of-accountstest-accounts">APE-1865 Improve performance of `accounts.test_accounts`</a></p>

Solution patch:
diff --git a/src/ape/managers/accounts.py b/src/ape/managers/accounts.py
index e45939204..69ebc3190 100644
--- a/src/ape/managers/accounts.py
+++ b/src/ape/managers/accounts.py
@@ -41,8 +41,7 @@ class TestAccountManager(list, ManagerAccessMixin):
 
     @log_instead_of_fail(default="<TestAccountManager>")
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        accounts_str = ", ".join([a.address for a in self.accounts])
-        return f"[{accounts_str}]"
+        return f"<apetest-wallet {self.hd_path}>"
 
     @cached_property
     def containers(self) -> dict[str, TestAccountContainerAPI]:
@@ -54,6 +53,13 @@ class TestAccountManager(list, ManagerAccessMixin):
             for plugin_name, (container_type, account_type) in account_types
         }
 
+    @property
+    def hd_path(self) -> str:
+        """
+        The HD path used for generating the test accounts.
+        """
+        return self.config_manager.get_config("test").hd_path
+
     @property
     def accounts(self) -> Iterator[AccountAPI]:
         for container in self.containers.values():
@@ -76,15 +82,14 @@ class TestAccountManager(list, ManagerAccessMixin):
 
     @__getitem__.register
     def __getitem_int(self, account_id: int):
-        if account_id in self._accounts_by_index:
-            return self._accounts_by_index[account_id]
-
-        original_account_id = account_id
         if account_id < 0:
             account_id = len(self) + account_id
 
+        if account_id in self._accounts_by_index:
+            return self._accounts_by_index[account_id]
+
         account = self.containers["test"].get_test_account(account_id)
-        self._accounts_by_index[original_account_id] = account
+        self._accounts_by_index[account_id] = account
         return account
 
     @__getitem__.register
@@ -265,7 +270,7 @@ class AccountManager(BaseManager):
 
     @log_instead_of_fail(default="<AccountManager>")
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return "[" + ", ".join(repr(a) for a in self) + "]"
+        return "<AccountManager>"
 
     @cached_property
     def test_accounts(self) -> TestAccountManager:


Test patch:
diff --git a/src/ape_test/accounts.py b/src/ape_test/accounts.py
index a0abea03a..d14f09fcb 100644
--- a/src/ape_test/accounts.py
+++ b/src/ape_test/accounts.py
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ from ape.api.accounts import TestAccountAPI, TestAccountContainerAPI
 from ape.exceptions import ProviderNotConnectedError, SignatureError
 from ape.types.signatures import MessageSignature, TransactionSignature
 from ape.utils._web3_compat import sign_hash
+from ape.utils.misc import log_instead_of_fail
 from ape.utils.testing import (
     DEFAULT_NUMBER_OF_TEST_ACCOUNTS,
     DEFAULT_TEST_HD_PATH,
@@ -113,6 +114,10 @@ class TestAccount(TestAccountAPI):
     def address(self) -> "AddressType":
         return self.network_manager.ethereum.decode_address(self.address_str)
 
+    @log_instead_of_fail(default="<TestAccount>")
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}_{self.index} {self.address_str}>"
+
     def sign_message(self, msg: Any, **signer_options) -> Optional[MessageSignature]:
         # Convert str and int to SignableMessage if needed
         if isinstance(msg, str):
diff --git a/tests/functional/test_accounts.py b/tests/functional/test_accounts.py
index 9f330de27..a66c8a02a 100644
--- a/tests/functional/test_accounts.py
+++ b/tests/functional/test_accounts.py
@@ -412,12 +412,19 @@ def test_send_transaction_sets_defaults(sender, receiver):
     assert receipt.required_confirmations == 0
 
 
+def test_account_index_access(accounts):
+    account = accounts[0]
+    assert account.index == 0
+    last_account = accounts[-1]
+    assert last_account.index == len(accounts) - 1
+
+
 def test_accounts_splice_access(accounts):
-    a, b = accounts[:2]
-    assert a == accounts[0]
-    assert b == accounts[1]
-    c = accounts[-1]
-    assert c == accounts[len(accounts) - 1]
+    alice, bob = accounts[:2]
+    assert alice == accounts[0]
+    assert bob == accounts[1]
+    cat = accounts[-1]
+    assert cat == accounts[len(accounts) - 1]
     expected = (len(accounts) // 2) if len(accounts) % 2 == 0 else (len(accounts) // 2 + 1)
     assert len(accounts[::2]) == expected
 
@@ -612,9 +619,9 @@ def test_custom_num_of_test_accounts_config(accounts, project):
         assert len(accounts) == custom_number_of_test_accounts
 
 
-def test_test_accounts_repr(accounts):
+def test_test_accounts_repr(accounts, config):
     actual = repr(accounts)
-    assert all(a.address in actual for a in accounts)
+    assert config.get_config("test").hd_path in actual
 
 
 def test_account_comparison_to_non_account(core_account):
@@ -629,11 +636,20 @@ def test_create_account(accounts):
     assert isinstance(created_account, TestAccount)
     assert created_account.index == length_at_start
 
+    length_at_start = len(accounts)
     second_created_account = accounts.generate_test_account()
+    assert len(accounts) == length_at_start + 1
 
     assert created_account.address != second_created_account.address
     assert second_created_account.index == created_account.index + 1
 
+    # Last index should now refer to the last-created account.
+    last_idx_acct = accounts[-1]
+    assert last_idx_acct.index == second_created_account.index
+    assert last_idx_acct.address == second_created_account.address
+    assert last_idx_acct.address != accounts[0].address
+    assert last_idx_acct.address != created_account.address
+
 
 def test_dir(core_account):
     actual = dir(core_account)
@@ -951,3 +967,14 @@ def test_get_deployment_address(owner, vyper_contract_container):
     assert instance_1.address == deployment_address_1
     instance_2 = owner.deploy(vyper_contract_container, 490)
     assert instance_2.address == deployment_address_2
+
+
+def test_repr(account_manager):
+    """
+    NOTE: __repr__ should be simple and fast!
+      Previously, we showed the repr of all the accounts.
+      That was a bad idea, as that can be very unnecessarily slow.
+      Hence, this test exists to ensure care is taken.
+    """
+    actual = repr(account_manager)
+    assert actual == "<AccountManager>"