Repository: TGSAI/segy

Issue:
numpy 2.0 support
Would be useful to support numpy 2.0>

Discussion:
@tasansal: We will look into this in the next release, thanks for bringing it up.

Solution patch:
diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
index cadf935a..36371fab 100644
--- a/poetry.lock
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -2284,47 +2284,56 @@ numpy = ">=1.22,<2.1"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "numpy"
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+version = "2.0.2"
 description = "Fundamental package for array computing in Python"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.9"
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 [[package]]
@@ -2536,13 +2545,13 @@ tests = ["pytest (>=5.4.1)", "pytest-cov (>=2.8.1)", "pytest-mypy (>=0.8.0)", "p
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pre-commit"
-version = "3.8.0"
+version = "4.0.1"
 description = "A framework for managing and maintaining multi-language pre-commit hooks."
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 python-versions = ">=3.9"
 files = [
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 [package.dependencies]
@@ -2554,13 +2563,13 @@ virtualenv = ">=20.10.0"
 
 [[package]]
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-version = "4.6.0"
+version = "5.0.0"
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 python-versions = ">=3.8"
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 ]
 
 [package.dependencies]
@@ -3618,29 +3627,29 @@ files = [
 
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-version = "0.6.9"
+version = "0.7.4"
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 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
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+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-win_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:11bff065102c3ae9d3ea4dc9ecdfe5a5171349cdd0787c1fc64761212fc9cf1f"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:cd12e35031f5af6b9b93715d8c4f40360070b2041f81273d0527683d5708fce2"},
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -4163,13 +4172,13 @@ test = ["coverage[toml] (>=7)", "mypy (>=1.2.0)", "pytest (>=7)"]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "typer"
-version = "0.12.5"
+version = "0.13.1"
 description = "Typer, build great CLIs. Easy to code. Based on Python type hints."
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
 files = [
-    {file = "typer-0.12.5-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:62fe4e471711b147e3365034133904df3e235698399bc4de2b36c8579298d52b"},
-    {file = "typer-0.12.5.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:f592f089bedcc8ec1b974125d64851029c3b1af145f04aca64d69410f0c9b722"},
+    {file = "typer-0.13.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:5b59580fd925e89463a29d363e0a43245ec02765bde9fb77d39e5d0f29dd7157"},
+    {file = "typer-0.13.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:9d444cb96cc268ce6f8b94e13b4335084cef4c079998a9f4851a90229a3bd25c"},
 ]
 
 [package.dependencies]
@@ -4684,4 +4693,4 @@ cloud = ["adlfs", "gcsfs", "s3fs"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.0"
 python-versions = ">=3.9, <3.13"
-content-hash = "fe5812b3946026b98b1c7bcf0f2f5f2fb5753534ea7026aeaea7ab0ba8a31ba2"
+content-hash = "53fcbc4c0705b50b7e39b1bae175557eeef245da8bb36e04e520ae1dbbaa0aad"
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index c91a227a..89df90c6 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -14,27 +14,27 @@ keywords = ["segy", "seismic", "data", "geophysics"]
 
 [tool.poetry.dependencies]
 python = ">=3.9, <3.13"
-fsspec = ">=2024.9.0"
-numpy = "^1.26.4"
-pydantic = "^2.9.0"
-pydantic-settings = "^2.4.0"
+fsspec = "^2024.10.0"
+numpy = "^2.0.0"
+pydantic = "^2.9.2"
+pydantic-settings = "^2.6.1"
 numba = ">=0.59.1, <0.70.0"
 pandas = "^2.2.2"
-typer = "^0.12.5"
-rapidfuzz = "^3.9.7"
-gcsfs = { version = ">=2024.9.0.post1", optional = true }
-s3fs = { version = ">=2024.9.0", optional = true }
-adlfs = { version = ">=2024.7.0", optional = true }
+typer = "^0.13.1"
+rapidfuzz = "^3.10.1"
+gcsfs = {version = "^2024.10.0", optional = true}
+s3fs = {version = "^2024.10.0", optional = true}
+adlfs = {version = "^2024.7.0", optional = true}
 eval-type-backport = { version = "^0.2.0", python = "<3.10" }
 
 [tool.poetry.group.dev.dependencies]
-ruff = "^0.6.4"
-coverage = { version = "^7.5.3", extras = ["toml"] }
-mypy = "^1.11.2"
-pytest = "^8.3.2"
-pre-commit = "^3.8.0"
-pre-commit-hooks = "^4.6.0"
-typeguard = "^4.3.0"
+ruff = "^0.7.4"
+coverage = {version = "^7.6.7", extras = ["toml"]}
+mypy = "^1.13.0"
+pytest = "^8.3.3"
+pre-commit = "^4.0.1"
+pre-commit-hooks = "^5.0.0"
+typeguard = "^4.4.1"
 urllib3 = "^1.26.18"                                 # Workaround for poetry-plugin-export/issues/183
 pandas-stubs = "^2.2.2.240807"
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ select = [
     "TD",  # todos
     "PL",  # pylint
     "FLY", # flynt
-    "NPY", # numpy
+    "NPY201", # numpy
 ]
 
 ignore = [
diff --git a/src/segy/schema/format.py b/src/segy/schema/format.py
index 5e6c79dd..67ddcd19 100644
--- a/src/segy/schema/format.py
+++ b/src/segy/schema/format.py
@@ -2,10 +2,15 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
 import numpy as np
 
 from segy.compat import StrEnum
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Any
+
 
 class ScalarType(StrEnum):
     """A class representing scalar data types."""
@@ -29,18 +34,13 @@ def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"{self.__class__.__name__}.{self._name_}"
 
     @property
-    def char(self) -> str:
-        """Returns the numpy character code for a given data type string."""
-        # IBM Float
+    def dtype(self) -> np.dtype[Any]:
+        """Return numpy dtype of the format."""
+        # Special case for IBM 32-bit float
         if self.value == "ibm32":
-            return np.sctype2char("uint32")  # noqa: NPY201
-
-        # String
-        if self.name.startswith("STRING"):
-            return str(self.value)
+            return np.dtype("uint32")
 
-        # Everything Else
-        return np.sctype2char(str(self.value))  # noqa: NPY201
+        return np.dtype(self.value)
 
 
 class TextHeaderEncoding(StrEnum):
diff --git a/src/segy/schema/header.py b/src/segy/schema/header.py
index b6f9ed1d..7c6122b2 100644
--- a/src/segy/schema/header.py
+++ b/src/segy/schema/header.py
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ def offset(self) -> int:
 
     @property
     def dtype(self) -> np.dtype[Any]:
-        """Converts the byte order and data type of the object into a NumPy dtype."""
-        return np.dtype(self.format.char)
+        """Converts the data type of the object into a NumPy dtype."""
+        return self.format.dtype
 
 
 class HeaderSpec(BaseDataType):
diff --git a/src/segy/schema/trace.py b/src/segy/schema/trace.py
index 281fe105..faa71500 100644
--- a/src/segy/schema/trace.py
+++ b/src/segy/schema/trace.py
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ class TraceDataSpec(BaseDataType):
 
     @property
     def dtype(self) -> np.dtype[Any]:
-        """Get numpy dtype."""
-        dtype = (self.format.char, (self.samples,))
+        """Get numpy dtype with # of samples."""
+        dtype = (self.format.dtype, (self.samples,))
         return np.dtype(dtype)
 
 
diff --git a/src/segy/transforms.py b/src/segy/transforms.py
index 9b0af8c5..f9aa18b5 100644
--- a/src/segy/transforms.py
+++ b/src/segy/transforms.py
@@ -166,7 +166,9 @@ def transform(self, data: NDArray[Any]) -> NDArray[Any]:
         source_order = get_endianness(data)
 
         if source_order != self.target_order:
-            data = data.byteswap(inplace=True).newbyteorder(self.target_order.symbol)
+            data = data.byteswap(inplace=True)
+            swapped_dtype = data.dtype.newbyteorder(self.target_order.symbol)
+            data = data.view(swapped_dtype)
 
         return data
 


Test patch:
diff --git a/tests/test_schema_trace.py b/tests/test_schema_trace.py
index 4c18b75b..64ee0995 100644
--- a/tests/test_schema_trace.py
+++ b/tests/test_schema_trace.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import numpy as np
 import pytest
 
 from segy.schema import Endianness
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ def test_trace_spec(
 
         expected_itemsize = header_spec.dtype.itemsize + data_spec.dtype.itemsize
         expected_header_itemsize = header_spec.dtype.itemsize
-        expected_sample_subtype = (np.dtype(sample_format.char), (samples_per_trace,))
+        expected_sample_subtype = (sample_format.dtype, (samples_per_trace,))
         assert trace_spec.dtype.itemsize == expected_itemsize
         assert trace_spec.header.dtype.names == ("h1", "h2")
         assert trace_spec.header.dtype.itemsize == expected_header_itemsize
diff --git a/tests/test_segy_factory.py b/tests/test_segy_factory.py
index 745a3d37..6ccaff44 100644
--- a/tests/test_segy_factory.py
+++ b/tests/test_segy_factory.py
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ def test_trace_sample_template(
         if mock_segy_factory.sample_format == ScalarType.IBM32:
             expected_dtype = np.dtype("float32")
         else:
-            expected_dtype = np.dtype(mock_segy_factory.sample_format.char)
+            expected_dtype = mock_segy_factory.sample_format.dtype
 
         expected_shape = (num_traces, n_samples)
         assert samples.dtype == expected_dtype
@@ -257,7 +257,9 @@ def test_trace_serialize(
         for field_name, values in rand_fields.items():
             expected_traces["header"][field_name] = values
         if mock_segy_factory.spec.endianness == Endianness.BIG:
-            expected_traces = expected_traces.byteswap(inplace=True).newbyteorder(">")
+            expected_traces = expected_traces.byteswap(inplace=True)
+            expected_dtype = expected_traces.dtype.newbyteorder(">")
+            expected_traces = expected_traces.view(expected_dtype)
 
         assert trace_bytes == expected_traces.tobytes()
 
diff --git a/tests/test_transforms.py b/tests/test_transforms.py
index ab518f38..56a38824 100644
--- a/tests/test_transforms.py
+++ b/tests/test_transforms.py
@@ -37,7 +37,9 @@ def mock_header_little() -> NDArray[Any]:
 @pytest.fixture()
 def mock_header_big(mock_header_little: NDArray[Any]) -> NDArray[Any]:
     """Generate a mock structured array to test transforms with big endian."""
-    return mock_header_little.byteswap().newbyteorder()
+    data = mock_header_little.byteswap()
+    swapped_dtype = data.dtype.newbyteorder()
+    return data.view(swapped_dtype)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture()
@@ -62,7 +64,9 @@ def mock_data_little() -> NDArray[Any]:
 @pytest.fixture()
 def mock_data_big(mock_data_little: NDArray[Any]) -> NDArray[Any]:
     """Generate a mock big endian structured array to test transforms."""
-    return mock_data_little.byteswap().newbyteorder()
+    data = mock_data_little.byteswap()
+    swapped_dtype = data.dtype.newbyteorder()
+    return data.view(swapped_dtype)
 
 
 class TestByteSwap: