ᏦᎢᏁ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏌᎨᎢ ᎠᏰᎸ ᎤᏍᏗᏰᎬ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎠᎵᏔᏲᏍᏗ Ꮎ Fisherian ᎠᏑᎳᎪᎢᏍᏗ sexual ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᏚᎾᏁᎶᏅ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎠᎭᏂ (ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᎠᏍᎪᎵ ᎤᏍᏗᏰᎬ). ᏰᎵᏊ ᏱᎩ ᎪᎯ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ neoteny, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᏛᏍᎩ-ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎬᎢ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏂᎪᎯᎸ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎢᏗᎦᎪᏘ ᎤᏍᏗᏰᎬ ᎠᎴ vellus ᎤᏍᏗᏰᎬ). ᎯᎠ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎠᏰᎸ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ vellus ᎤᏍᏗᏰᎬ (ᎠᏃᏢᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎦ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᎤᏰᎸᎭ), ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᏰᎸ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎤᎵᏍᏛ ᎤᏍᏗᏰᎬ (ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᏥ, ᎤᏍᏉᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏐᎯ). ᎯᎠ ᎢᏴ sexual ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᏗᎪᏏᏐᏗ ᎯᎠ sexual dimorphism ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏴᏫ ᎠᏰᎸ ᎤᏍᏗᏰᎬ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏂᏚᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᎠᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎥᏝ ᏳᏓᎷᎳ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ, ᎪᏍᏓᏱ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏐᎢ ᏔᎵ theories ᏝᏰᎵ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᏄᏠᏯᏍᏛᎾ ᎤᏓᏂᎳ ᎠᏏᏴᏫ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎾᏛᏁᎲᎢ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎨᏴ. ᏰᎵᏊ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏯᏛᎾ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ Ꮎ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏰᎸᎭ ᏗᏂᏃᎨᏂ ᎠᎴ ᏗᏂᏅᏍᎨᏂ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏠᏯᏍᏗ., ᎠᎴ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ""sexy"" ᎾᎿ ᎠᏂᎨᏴ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ, ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎠᏰᎸ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᏍᎦᏯ.

ᎯᎠ ᏗᎪᏍᎩ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ crisis Ꮎ culminated ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ secession stemmed ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏗᏒᏍᏗ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏚᏃᎯᏍᏔᏍᎧ slavery ᎾᎾᎯ ᎢᏤ territories. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏨᎫᎵ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ 1820, ᎪᎯ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᏄᏘᏴᎾ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎳᏂᎬᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏩᏥᏂ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ, ᎾᎥᎢ adding ᎺᏂ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏎᏊᎢ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᏨᎫᎵ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏥᎾᏝᎢ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ prohibited slavery ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏩᎵᏃᎯᏯᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎷᏫᏏᎡᎾ ᎠᏩᎯᏍᏗ ᎤᏴᏢ 36°30'N lat. (ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏨᎫᎵ). ᎯᎠ ᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎢᏤ ᏗᎦᏙᎯ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏆᏂ ᏓᏄᏩ (1846–1848), ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, reopened ᎯᎠ ᏗᏟᏴ ᏗᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ—ᎾᏊ focused ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅ Wilmot Proviso, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎤᎭ banned slavery ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ territories annexed ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏂᏍᏆᏂᎢ. ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏊ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎥᏝ ᎤᎶᏒᎩ, ᎯᎠ Proviso aroused ᎤᎭᎿᎸ ᏗᏟᏴ ᏗᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ. Northerners argued Ꮎ slavery ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏁᏗ ᏂᏚᏳᎪᏛᎾ ᎠᏓᎪᏅᏙᏗᏱ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏎᏊᎢ migrants ᎯᎠ territories; slaveholders ᎠᏆᏤᎵ ᎤᏛᏅᎩ ᏩᏥᏂ ᏗᏂᎳᏫᎩ ᎠᏰᎲ Ꮭ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ discriminate ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᎠᏂ ᎾᎥᎢ preventing ᎠᏂ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏲᎯᎲ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎧᎵᏗᎳᏏᏗ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ ᎾᎿᎢ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏗᏒᏍᏗ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᏓᎾᏩᏄᏁᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏂᎦᏔᏩᏙᏅᏩᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏂᎦᏔᏩᏙᏅᏩᏙᏗ-ᏎᎷᏱ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ 1854. ᎪᎯ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎯ repealed ᎯᎠ prohibition ᎾᎿ slavery ᎾᎿᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏨᎫᎵ ᎣᏍᏛ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᏩᏗᏱ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᏍᏓᏁᏗ slavery ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏃᏰᏂ ᎯᎠ ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᎤᏤᎵ settlers, ᏧᎵᎬᏩᎳᏅᎯ ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ""ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ sovereignty."" ᏓᎾᎵᎲ erupted ᎠᏰᎵ pro slavery ""ᎠᏟᎶᏛ ᎬᎪᏛ ruffians"" ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ neighboring ᏨᎫᎵ ᎠᎴ antislavery immigrants ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏴᏢ (ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ John ᏬᏗᎨ, ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᏐᎢ abolitionists). ᎢᏯᏍᎪᎯᏧᏈ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏥᎸᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏥᏐᏅᏅᎯ. Tensions ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎾᏊ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎬᏂᎦᎳᏍᏗ ᎦᎾᏰᎩ.

ᏓᎬᎾ ᏥᏳ ᏗᏔᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏴᏩᏁᎬ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏓᏃᏪᎵᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏄᏩ 1812 ᎠᎺᎵᎨ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ attacked ᎾᎿ Ꮝ ᎣᏪᏅᏒ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏄᏓᎴ ᏙᏱᏗᏢ ᎦᏚᎲ. ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎤᎭ ᏁᎵᏒ mythical ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ, ᎠᎴ Ꮝ ᏂᎦᏛᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎤᏓᏎᎮᎸᎩ ᏑᏓᎵᏍᎪᎯ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎯᎠ ᏚᎵᏍᏗ 11, 2001 ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ ᎾᎿᎢ: ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ ᏗᏓᏁᏟᏴᎡᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᎴ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏛ ᎤᏠᏱᎭᎢ ᏓᎬᎾ ᏥᏳ ᏗᏔᎳᏗᏍᏗ.

ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏗᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎤᏚᎳᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᏣᏩᏂᏏ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᏫᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎯᎠ ""ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎦᎷᎩ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ"", ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏈᎵᎢ, ᎯᎠ Dutch ᎧᎸᎬ Indies, Malaya, ᎠᎴ Burma, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᏄᏪᎵᏒ ᎠᏥᏂᏱᏍᎬ ᎪᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᏓᏓᏁᎭ. ᎯᎠ ᏣᏩᏂᏏ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏙᏢᏒ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎠᏕᎶᎰᎯᏍᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎾᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᎩᏒᎩ ᎤᏃᎴ ᎫᏢᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᎵᏍᏓ ᏗᎫᎪᏙᏗ, ᎠᎴ Nagumo ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᎯᏌᏛ ᏓᎾᏓᏅᏍᎬᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏁᎸᏙᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏓᏁᏤᏗ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎬᎫ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏙᏗ. ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏄᏩ ᏧᎾᏁᎶᏗᎢ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏛᏂᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎠᏰᎲ predicted Ꮎ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏔᎵ ᏅᎩ ᎠᏫᏗᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᎴᎾᎯᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ, Nagumo ᎠᏎ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎠᎵᎮᎵᏍᏗ ᎠᎩᎵᏲᎠᏍᏗ Ꮭ ᎤᏲᎱᏎᎸ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏛᏁᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏚᎳᏗ ᎦᏌᏙᏯᏍᏗ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎤᏝᏅᏓᏕᎲ.