ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎡᏆ wels ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ (Silurus glanis) ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎦᏂᏴᏛ ᎾᎥᎢ Kevin Maddocks ᎾᎿ ᎦᎶᏂ 6, 1999, ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᎾᎾᎢ 202 ᎢᏧᏓᎨᏓ (91.62 kg). Tim Pruitt Illinois ᎦᏂᏴᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᏌᎪᏂᎨ ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ (Ictalurus furcatus) ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Mississippi ᎤᏪᏴ ᎾᎿ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ 22, 2005 Ꮎ ᎤᏔᏅᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎾᎢ 124 ᎢᏧᏓᎨᏓ (56.25 kg). ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ flathead ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ (Pylodictis olivaris) ᎢᏳᏊ ᎦᏂᏴᏛ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎬᏙᏗ, Kansas, ᎦᏛᏍᎬᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎾᎢ 123 ᎢᏧᏓᎨᏓ 9 ᏄᏓᎨᏒ (56 kg). ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏪᎸ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎾᎬᏁᎲ ᏂᎬᎢ Mekong ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎦᏂᏴᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎢᏗᏢ Thailand ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ 1, 2005 ᎠᎴ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏂᎴᏱᏗᏍᎩ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏗ 2 ᎢᏯᏅᏓ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ, Ꮎ ᎤᏔᏅᎩ 646 ᎢᏧᏓᎨᏓ (293 kg). ᎪᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᎢᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎢ Mekong ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎦᏂᏴᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ Thai ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎾᏒᎧᎵ ᎤᏂᎩᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏛ ᎪᏪᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1981 . ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎢ Mekong ᏧᎵᏍᏓᎾᎵ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ ᎤᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏙᎷᏩᏘᏍᎬ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᎾᏙᏢᏩᏗᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏰᎵᏊ Ꮎ ᎤᏅᏌ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎠᏛᏍᎬ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎡᏆᎯᎨᏍᏙᏗ.

ᏄᏦᏍᏛᎾ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᏚᏂᎯᏯᏍᏓ ᎨᏒᎢ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ Atlantic ᏎᎼᏂ ᏰᎵ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎤᏂᎾᏗᏅᏗ ᎠᎴ farmed (ᎡᏆ ᎢᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ 99%), ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ ᏎᎼᏂ ᎠᎴ ᎨᏯᏔᎯ-ᎦᏂᏴᏛ (ᎡᏆ ᎢᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ 80%).

ᎡᏍᎦᎢᏳᎾᎵᏍᏓᏁᎸ, ᎯᎠ ecosystem ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ nvwatohiyadv ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ. ᎤᏃᎴ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᏋ contributing ᎤᏁᏉᏨᎯ ᎩᎦᎨ ᏕᎦᏅᎦᎵᏍᎬ ᏡᎬ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏂᎦᏛᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏧᏍᎦ ᎠᏓᏯᏍᏗ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎡᎳᏗᎨ ᏂᎦᏛᎢ, ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎯᎠ invasive ᎠᏍᎩᎾᏗᏍᏗ ᎦᎶᏂᏗ adelgid ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᎾᏗᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎦᎶᏂᏗ adelgid ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏤ ᎠᏓ. Pseudoscymnus tsugae ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏩᏁᎸ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏁᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᎨᏔᏗᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎩᎾᏗᏍᏗ[4].

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎷᎦ, ᎺᎵ ᎠᏕᎶᏆᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏂᏓᏪᎯ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎸᏉᏗᏳ ᎠᏓᏅᏙ ᎤᎭ ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᏲᎵ. ᎺᎵ ᏗᎪᏍᏓᏱ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ Ꮎ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏛᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏓᏪᎯ ᎦᏬᎯᎵᏴᏍᏗ Ꮎ ""ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎥᏝ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᏎᎢ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏰᎵ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ."" ᏍᏆᎵᎯᎨ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎠᏍᎦᎭ ᎠᏂᏁᎳ ᎾᏍᎦᏅᎾ ᏧᏳᎪᏗᎭ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎣᏪᏅᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Nazareth ᎡᏙᎵᏙᎲ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ 150 kilometres (90 ᎢᏳᏟᎶᏛ) ᏧᏳᎪᏗᎭ ᎤᏤᎵ ᏧᏩᏓᏔᏅᏒ ᎣᏪᏅᏒ, Bethlehem, ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏓᏅᏍᏗ ᎠᎪᏪᎶᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎨᎦᏎᏍᏛ ᎠᏓᏅᏒᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏌᏕᎩ Augustus. ᎥᏩᏘᏍᎬ Ꮭ ᎧᏅᏑᎸ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏁᎸ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎤᏕᎵᏛ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏐᏈᎵ ᎤᏂᏴᏍᏗ. ᎾᎿᎢ ᎺᎵ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ ᎤᏕᏅ ᏥᏌ. ᎠᏂᏓᏪᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎡᎪᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏕᎦᎶᎨᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏂᏃᎮᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏉᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ""ᏗᏤᎢ ᎤᎵᎮᎵᏍᏗ."" ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᎢᎦᏪᏛ, ""ᏩᎦᎸᎳᏗᏴ ᎤᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏩᎦᎸᎳᏗᏴ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᎿ ᎡᎶᎯ ᏅᏩᏙ ᎯᏯᏛ ᎠᏂᏍᎦᏯ ᎾᎿ ᎦᎪᏃ ᎤᏤᎵ favor ᎠᏣᏪᏐᎸᏍᏙᏗ."" ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏉᏍᎬ ᎦᎷᏨ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ ᎠᏓᎳᏚᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏲᎵ ᏥᏌ .

ᎯᎠ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂᏱᏳ 18th sqohitsuqui tsudetiyvdi ᎢᎬᏱᏗᏢ ᎠᎢᏒ ᎤᏗᏅᏒᎩ ᏂᎬᎢ urbanization ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᏌᎳᏙᏗ ᎢᏤ ᎡᏆ ᏕᎦᏚᎲ, ᎢᎬᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Europe ᎠᎴ ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏐᎢ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ, ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎢᏤ ᏓᏓᏜᏅᏓᏕᎲ ᎠᏲᎸᎯ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏗᏎᏍᏗ migrants ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏍᏛ ᏕᎦᏅᏅ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎡᏆ ᎧᏂᎬᎾᎥ ᎯᎠ 1930s ᏕᎦᏚᎲ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎠᏍᏓᏯ ᎠᏓᏛᎾᏍᏗ ᎾᎥᎢ unemployment, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎬᏙᏗ alenvdidsv ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᎨᏛ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ. ᎪᎯ ᎢᎦ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎾᏂᎥ ᏴᏫ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎢᏴ ᎦᏁᎸ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᎢᏧᏆᏗᏅᏓ ᏙᎢ tohi adedi ᎾᏕᏘᏴᎯᏒ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏛᏏᏒ ᏕᎦᏚᎲ Asia, Africa ᎠᎴ Latin ᎠᎺᎵᎨ.

ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ fest ᏗᎫᎪᏔᏅ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎩᎵᏏ, ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ ᎧᏁᏨ festivus, ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ Latin ᎧᏁᏨ festivus. ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏚᏙᎥᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1589. ᎤᏓᎷᎸ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᏰᎲ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᏚᏏᏁ ᏍᏉᎯᏧᏈ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏗ, ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᎤᎾᏕᏘᏱᏍᎬ ᏗᎦᎳᏫᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦ. ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎤᏠᏱ Ꮎ ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ. ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏨ ""feste"" (ᏌᏊ ᎩᎶ ᏂᏓᏳᏅᏅ ᎪᏪᎵ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ""fest"") ᎦᎷᎦ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎩᎵᏏ, ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᎦᎸᏥ, ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ Latin ᎧᏁᏨ festa. ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᎾᎾᎯ ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏚᏙᎥᎢ circa 1200, ᎠᎴ ᏓᎾᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ verb circa 1300.