ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᏙᏒᏓᎵ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎠᏂᏁᏉᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᎠᏂᏁᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎧᏁᏉᏍᎬ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎤᎭ ᎯᎠ ᏅᏏᎾᏒ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᎯ. ᎠᎵᏍᎦᏁᏍᎩ ᎤᏂᎸᏉᏗ ᎤᏬᎯᏳᏒ, ᎢᎦᏛ ᏙᏒᏓᎵ ᎤᏁᏍᎩᎸᏒ ᎤᎭ ᏎᏍᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᎠᏂᏁᎳ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᏙᏒᏓᎵ, ᎤᏯᏅᎲ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗ, ᎨᎳᏛᏍᏗ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎧᏁᏉᏍᎬ ᎠᎨᏴ ᎠᏓᏄᎪᏫᏍᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏲᎵ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎪᏯᏛ (althought ᎢᎦᏛ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ, ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᎠᏂᏯᏫᏍᎩ ᏙᏒᏓᎵ, ᎫᏢᎥᏍᎬ't ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎪᏯᏛ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᎠᏂᏁᎳ), ᎠᎴ ᎿᏛᎦ ᎥᏝ ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎥᎴᏂᏙᎲ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴᏰᏑ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏰᏑ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏯᏖᏃ ᎦᏅᏗ ᎦᎷᎦ. ᎾᎾᎢ ᎪᎯ ᎠᎴᏰᏑ, ᏂᎦᏛ ᎧᏁᏉᏍᎬ ᏙᏒᏓᎵ, ᎪᎯᏳᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᎠᏂᏁᎳ, ᎠᏫᏛᏓ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎭᏢᏃ ᏐᎢ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏠᏱ. ᏀᎢᏳᎢ, ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏯᏛ ᎧᏁᏉᏍᎬ ᏙᏒᏓᎵ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎤᎳᏫᏛᏓ. ᎠᏯᏖᏃ ᎦᏅᏗ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎳᏫᏛᏓ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ ᏍᏆᎵᎯᎨ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎠᏥᎦᏘᏯ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᎨᏴ Ꮎ ᏩᎵᏃᎯᏯᏍᎬ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏯᏍᏗ ᏗᎾᏙᎳᎩ ᏀᎾᎢ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ ᎢᏳᎾᏓᎵ. ᏀᎾᎢ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏍᏆᎵᏍᏗ ᎤᏣᏘᎾ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᎣᏤᎵ ᎪᏯᏛ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎠᏠᏗ ᏧᏪᏥ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ. ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎣᏤᎢ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᏀᎢᏳᎨᏒ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏨᏓᏓᏨᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎳᏫᏛᏓ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏓᎾᏅ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏍᏚ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎤᏩᎫᏗᏗᏒ ᏧᏪᏥ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏔᏅ. ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏓᏂᏯᎢᏍᎬ ᎤᏓᏂᎳ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎣᏂᏯᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᎢᏯᏓᏛᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ ᎢᏳᎾᏓᎵ ᎾᏞᎬᏊ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᏔᏃᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏁᏍᎩᎸᏒ, ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏐᎢ ᏧᏪᏥ. ᎪᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎢᏤ ᎨᏥᏅᏏᏓ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏗ. ᎦᏲᎵ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ Ꮎ ᎤᎭ ᏎᏍᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᎠᏂᏁᎳ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎠᏂᎩᏍᏗ ᎢᏤ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ ᎢᏳᎾᏓᎵ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᎬᏫᏳ ᎠᏂᏁᎳ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎤᏁᏍᎩᎸᏒ ᎠᎩᏍᎪᎢ ᏎᏍᏗ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎢᏤ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎤᎾᏓᏡᎩ ᎢᏳᎾᏓᎵ ᏀᎾᎢ.

ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ Southerners ᏗᏓᏘᏁᎯ, ᎯᎠ preservation slavery ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ imperative. ᎢᎦᏛ southerners ᏚᏓᏂᎸᏨ ᎬᏙᏗ Robert E. Lee ᎦᎪ (echoing Jefferson) ᏄᏪᏒᎩ, ""slavery ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏓᎾᏕᏲᎲᏍᎬ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎦᏓᏅᏖᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᎤᏐᏅᎢ."" ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎢᏯ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎵᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᎠᏓᎾᏅ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎢᏗᏢ ᏄᏪᎾᎲᎢ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏙᏱᏯᏛ ᎠᎬᏩᎵ ᏧᏁᏉᏨ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏌᏊ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᎯ.

Castoreum ᎨᏒᎢ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏔᎵ ᏗᎦᏛᏗ-ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ pouches ᎾᎿ ᎨᏒ ᎾᎥᏂᎨ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏔᎾ ᏗᎧᏃᎩᏍᏗ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ, ᎤᏴᏍᏗ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎠᎩᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ foetid odor, ᎾᎾᎢ ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᏩᎪᏗ ᎡᏆᏯ ᎠᏥᎾᏝᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏅᏬᏘ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏊ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎵᏍᏚᏟᏍᏗry.

landspout ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎾᎵᏖᎸᎲᏍᎬ ᎦᏁᏰᎩ ᎠᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏃᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏅᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ mesocyclone. ᎤᎾᏅᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᏒᎧᎵ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᏍᏚᎭ-ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏍᎬ ᎤᏃᎴ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎤᏓᏂᎳ, ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎨᎦᏃᏗ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᎠᏟᏍᏗᏱ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎾᏛᏁ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎪᏪᎳᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎢᏅ ᎢᎦᏘ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏍᎬ ᎪᏍᏚᎭ ᎠᎴ/ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᎾᏙᏯᏅᎯᏗᏍᎬ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎢᏅ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᎦᏴᎵᎨ ᎤᎶᎩᎸ. ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏊ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ weaker ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎠᎦᎷᎦ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎦᎷᎦ, ᎠᎴ ᏰᎵᏇ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᏢᏲᎵᏍᏗ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ.

ᎯᎠ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᏍᏆᏗᏏᏐᏗ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏩᎪᎲᏍᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏂᎳᏫ ᏂᎬᎢ' ᎠᏥᎸ ᏔᎷᎩᏍᎩ infrastructures ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏃᎸᏔᏅ ᎤᏣᏘᎾ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏘᏍᎬ ᏓᏓᏛᎾᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏃᎯᎵᏙ ᎠᎴ Ꮎ, ᎢᏳᏃ ᎪᎯ ᎠᏰᎲ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅᎩ, ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎢ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᎤᎭ ᏂᎦᏰᏙᎲᏊ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ. ᎯᎠ ᎠᏥᎸ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎯᎠ trusses ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏯᏖᏃᎯ, ᎠᏃᏢᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏯᏖᏃᎯ ᎤᏃᏴᏨ. ᎯᎠ sagging ᎠᏯᏖᏃᎯ ᎤᎾᏌᏁᏒ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᎠᏥᎸ ᏔᎷᎩᏍᎩ ᏚᏓᏅᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎪᏍᏓᏱ ᎭᏢᏃ ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏚᏓᏅᏅ ᎠᏗᏌᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᎢᎦᏛ. ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏚᏓᏅᏅ, ᎯᎠ buckling ᏙᏯᏗᏢ ᏚᏓᏅᏅ ᏰᎵᏇ Ꮭ ᎦᏅᎯᏓᎨ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᏁᎸ, causing ᎠᏂ ᏰᎵ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬᎾ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ, ᎯᎠ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏗᏱ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᎢ' stairwells ᎨᏒᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ eligwa igai reinforced ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏁᏗ ᎤᎢᏍᏓ ᎢᎦᎵᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᏗᏓᎩᏯᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏴᏫ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏓᏓᏛᎾᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ. NIST ᎤᏃᎮᎸᎩ Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᏭᎵᏍᏆᏙᏅ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᏰᎵ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬᎾ 7 WTC ᏫᎵ ᎦᎾᏄᎪᎢᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ.

ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᏤ ᎩᎵᏏᏲ ᏂᎦᎸᏉᏛᎾ ᏓᏂᏍᏓᏲᎯᎲ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏅᏓᏗᏍᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ outlawed ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Boston, ᎺᏌᏧᏎᏗ (1659-81). ᏩᏥᏂ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏯᎩ, ᎾᎯᏳ ᏯᏛᎿ, ᎤᎾᏕᏗᏴᎲ ᏄᏚᏓᎸᎾ. ᏓᏂᏍᏓᏲᎯᎲ ᎤᏅᏨᎩ ᎠᏥᏄᏉᏫᏍᎬ ᎠᏑᏰᏍᏗ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎹᏰᏟ ᎠᏕᏲᎲ, ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ ""ᎩᎵᏏ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ"". ᎤᏁᏉᏨ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ revived ᎾᎥᎢ Washington Irving ᎤᏤᎵ ᎢᏗᎦᎸᎳᏗ, ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏓᏥ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ homecomings ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᏁᎯ ᏓᏄᏩ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎤᏁᏨᎩ ᏂᎬᎾᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᎦᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᎢᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ 1870.