Lyntas/mining_domain_knowledge_reference_dataset huggingface dataset:
Area: Mining  Cu 
?Power and water are supplied to the Tritton mining areas from infrastructure originally installed for the Girilambone site. 
?Power is supplied from the Nyngan-Bourke 66kV transmission line which was extended from Girilambone to the Tritton site. 
?The Tritton and Girilambone/North East sites currently use approximately 9MVA of total power, and the grid is able to provide an additional 4.5MVA for future expansions.
Area: Minning Construction
The Thiess Sedgman Joint Venture (TSJV) has been awarded a $186 million contract to design and construct a Coal Handling and Preparation Plant (CHPP) for Boggabri Coal Pty Ltd.
The CHPP will support the expansion of Boggabri Coals mining operation located in the Gunnedah Basin in New South Wales. Boggabri Coal is expanding the annual production to 6.9Mt.
Thiess Managing Director Bruce Munro said the expansion is a big vote of confidence in the future of the coal sector by Boggabri Coal and its parent company Idemitsu Australia Resources.
This contract recognises the specialised capability of TSJV and is a tribute to the great relationship established between Thiess Sedgman and Boggabri Coal.
The project further cements our position as the leading provider of ore and coal handling and processing facilities, Mr Munro said.
The contract has a direct value to Leighton Holdings Limited of $124 million through its wholly-owned subsidiary Thiess and its 33 per cent stake in Sedgman.
Leighton Holdings' Chief Executive Hamish Tyrwhitt said the contract award illustrates the enormous depth and breadth of the Groups capability in resources.
The Group is a leading provider of construction and contract mining services to the resources market, both in Australia and in the region. Sustained global demand for resources  primarily out of Asia  will continue to underpin a good range of opportunities for the Group for the foreseeable future.
Detailed design and procurement work is underway with the plant scheduled for completion in the second quarter of 2015.
The Boggabri open cut coal mine is located 17 kilometres north east of Boggabri in north-west NSW.
Area: Minning Construction
Bulk Materials Handling
Our material handling products and systems include traditional trough-type belt conveyors, fixed/overland conveyors, portable conveyors, at-the-face mining conveyors, stacker/reclaimer systems, mobile conveyors, radial stackers, bulk material and bag loading and unloading systems for barges and ships, shuttle conveyors, chain feeders, belt feeders, apron feeders, spreading technologies, complete crushing and screening plants, fully enclosed pipe conveyors, and ancillary equipment such as high capacity tripper cars.
Considered the worldwide market leader with hundreds of installations and over 60 years of experience from trusted brand names like Möller, KOCH, MVT, RAHCO, Conveyor Engineering and FLSmidth Pneumatic Transport
Area: Minning Construction
Crushers, Sizers & Feeder Breakers
This expertise is supported by more than 1,700 installed crushers, feeder-breakers and sizers.
The Feeder Breaker is traditionally used between the mobile mining machinery and the fixed conveyor systems. The main function of the Feeder Breaker is to reduce the product down to a manageable size and smooth the flow on to the mines conveyor belts.
Our ABON sizer range utilises a combination of low roll speed / high torque and tooth profiles to arrive at the specified end product sizes with a minimum of fines production. FLSmidth offers and manufactures a range of Buffalo plant flight-bar Feeders and chain Feeder Breakers used in open-pit and underground coal and potash mining applications.
The original Buffalo Feeder Breaker was developed and successfully introduced into coal mines in 1975. FLSmidth offers a complete range of reliable Ludowici vibrating grizzly separators and vibrating feeders to suit almost every application.
Vibrating feeders driven by out-of balance motors have been used for many years to feed and convey all types of bulk materials. The feeders can be installed below hoppers and silos to feed material continuously or intermittently, or can be used to simply transfer material.
All of our crushing and sizing equipment is available for surface or underground installation, for stationary or mobile applications, and for climatic conditions that range from tropical to arctic.
Area: Minning Construction
Coal Classification & Water-based Cleaning Equipment
From advanced hydro cyclones and classifiers to spiral concentrators, FLSmidth delivers cutting-edge washing, solid-particle recovery and classification technology.
FLSmidth manufactures durable and flexible classifying equipment to dewater, concentrate, size and recover solids. Optimum cyclone performance relies on minimizing turbulence while extending residence time. The Krebs® gMAX® cyclone has the capability to produce finer and sharper particle separations using large high capacity hydrocyclones.
WEMCO® classifiers are designed to settle and dewater relatively coarse particles from high volume, low percent solid streams.
FLSmidth offers a comprehensive range of spiral concentrators* for coal preparation. Krebs® coal spiral concentrators wash the coal while using differences in density to efficiently separate the particles.
Area: Minning Construction
Heavy Media Separation
Wemco HMS systems are installed and operating on many different minerals ranging from coal, manganese, magnesite, right through to fluorspar, iron ore, and diamonds.
FLSmidth supplies a comprehensive range of modular Dense Media Cyclone Plants utilising Krebs® HM cyclones and Wemco® HM drums.
Particle sizes up to 100 mm can be treated depending upon the size of Wemco and Krebs dense media equipment selected.
Area: Minning Construction
Thickening
FLSmidth supplies the worlds largest thickeners with the highest torque ratings.
From the well-known brands of EIMCO and Dorr-Oliver, our thickening equipment is utilized around the world and recognized as the leader in minerals-duty thickening applications such as concentrate, tailings, preleach, and CCD.
We offer a wide range of thickening and clarification equipment with enhanced flocculation to accelerate settling, and higher flow and loading rates to help reduce space requirements.
Our engineers will work with you to determine correct heavy-duty thickener and clarifier sizing to determine the most cost-effective mechanism for your application.
Deep Cone & High-Density Thickeners FLSmidth has the most experience when it comes to high solids concentrations and paste thickening.
Area: Minning Construction
Our EIMCO® Deep Cone® Paste Thickeners produce underflow solids with a paste consistency and the highest solids concentration of any thickener on the market. Paste is a non-segregating liquid/solid mixture with a yield stress and slump. The benefits of producing paste are considerable.
Area: Minning Construction
Screening
FLSmidth offers a full range of world-class vibrating screens to suit almost every screening application. Through FLSmidth Ludowici we have been producing screens for over 60 years and we are proud to be the market leader in the provision of mechanical screening equipment. Whether your requirements are for wet or dry screening or for polyurethane, wedgewire, wire mesh or rubber, we are able to supply it.
Our range includes:
 Exciter driven linear motion screens
 High frequency de-watering screens
 Unbalanced motor driven horizontal screens
 Circular motion horizontal/declined screens
 Sieve bends
Area: Minning Construction
Flotation
FLSmidth is the worlds largest supplier of flotation equipment with over 55,000 units sold.
FLSmidth combines the strength of WEMCO and Dorr- Oliver flotation technology, which accounts for more than two-thirds of all annual flotation sales globally. We attribute this success to our ability to provide either self-aspirated or forced-air flotation technology or a combination of the two.
FLSmidth is at the forefront of the industrys trend to install fewer, but larger units rather than multiple smaller cells, to save space, power, maintenance, and auxiliaries. FLSmidth pioneered the way for large cell technology. From its first Wemco 257m3 cell installed in 2003, to now even bigger 600m3 SuperCells
Area: Minning Construction
Filtration
Since 1910, FLSmidth has manufactured pressure and vacuum filters and continues to supply filtration technology for minerals and industrial processing flowsheets throughout the world.
Whether using for concurrent or countercurrent cake formation, cake discharge, washing, dewatering, settling, or drying, you can rely on years of experience with industry leading brands (Dorr-Oliver, EIMCO, Pneumapress, and Shriver) to gain the most efficient and cost-effective filtration equipment solutions tailored to your requirements.
A choice of Belt Press for the duty, for example if the product is for sale, as is the case in some coal fines pressing applications, then a type HDP Beltpress would be selected; this gives maximum moisture reduction, giving the lowest possible moisture content. If the product were merely a waste product which just requires stocking out for disposal, then a type MDP Belt Press would be recommended.
FLSmidths AFP IV Automatic Filter Press is another highly efficient solution for coal refuse dewatering when used in conjunction with FLSmidth paste thickening technologies.
Contact our FLSmidth specialists to see which of our filtration technologies will best meet your coal processing requirements.
Area: Minning Construction

Step 1- Convey rocks to concentrator
Step 2  34 foot diameter sag mill powered by 2 X 8500 HP motors
Water is added with ore and rolled with 5 inch diameter ball to crush the ore to 2 inch
Area: Minning Construction
Ore less than ½ inches size will drop down and pumped to two ball mills for grinding
Area: Minning Construction
Larger than ½ inch travel the conveyed to a pebble crusher
Area: Minning Construction
Pebble crusher
Crushed into approximately ½ inch size and return back to the sag mill for further processing
Area: Minning Construction
225 X 40 Ball mills
Power by 4 X 8500 HP motors, use 3.5 inch balls to grind the ore finer
Area: Minning Construction
Ball Mill Products pumped into cyclones
Separates coarse material from the finer and revert coarse material to the ball Mills
Area: Minning Construction
The Water and Fine Ore which is ground above the size of salt is mixterre flows to the rougher flotation circuit
Area: Minning Construction
The separation of barren rock from the minerals is performed in the rough flotation cells
Area: Minning Construction
Bubble are created adding air and small amount of alcohol 
The mineral concentration from the rougher flotation cells are further processed in regrind mill and cleaner flotation
Area: Minning Construction
The concentrate with 22% copper will flow to the thickner
Area: Minning Construction
The thickened concentrator then pumped to the filer press panels
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
SAG Mill Installation and Commissioning
The 40 ft (12.2 m) diameter 20 MW Cadia gearless SAG mill, was commissioned. This was a leap of over 40% above the largest operating SAG mill. A significant saving in capital cost gave the incentive necessary for a single mill line at Cadia, resulting in the selection of the 40 ft (12.2 m) diameter mill. Now, after 18 months of operation,
The grinding ball mills are important in the ore comminution circuits. Depending on numerous factors, such as, for example, inappropriate design, manufacturing, overloads, poor maintenance and inadequate operating procedures, flaws are developed in the structural components of this equipment. The structural components of a mill, basically, shell, heads and trunnions, besides high costs, have lead times that might reach three years.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Foundation survey and repair
Foundations of older equipment can be surveyed to assess the condition of the concrete, which can deteriorate over time from movement and/or vibration. New soleplates can be used to modify and repair the foundation, helping to eliminate future problems.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Overall inspection and basic assessment
Cracks, missing bolts, wash and wear, excessive vibration, oil or slurry leaks are all examples of what can be discovered during an overall mill inspection. Engineering evaluation complements the inspection in order to troubleshoot the causes.
Recommendations are made to remedy the situation. In some cases, it may be best to do nothing but monitor on a continual basis.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Grout injection
Injecting or pumping grout is an effective way of filling-in a cavity or securing a loose trunnion liner within a trunnion. The expertise of grout injection requires designing the inlet and outlet ports strategically to ensure smooth filling of the cavity as well as venting of the trapped air.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Trunnion seal upgrade
Older mill trunnion seals and bearing housings can be upgraded to accommodate Metsos current standard of grease purged triple lip seals.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Trunnion liner repair
When the fit between the trunnion and the trunnion liner is worn, the trunnion liner becomes loose and the bolts attaching the trunnion liner to the trunnion start breaking.
Rather than machining the trunnions on site, a new machined sleeve is centered and grouted in place.
This becomes the new trunnion bore for a slightly smaller, new trunnion liner.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Structural parts remachining
Off-site machining is an effective cost and time means of refurbishing large structural components such as trunnions and heads. Controlled machining in a machine shop environment provides the most accurate clean-up of bearing surfaces, flanges, re-drilling of holes,
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Site machining
Site machining is an effective cost and time means of refurbishing large structural components. Site machining is generally used after weld repairing large components at site to skim-cut flanges and bolted connections that have distorted or lost their machined surfaces.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Finite element analysis (FEA)
Structural evaluation using FEA techniques is a very effective tool to design new and retrofit equipment, to evaluate damage caused by slurry wash, or to verify the effectiveness of mechanical reinforcements such as adding gussets and wrapper plates.
FEA results are continuously verified against strain-gauge stress measurements on actual operating equipment and the in-house developed methods are refined frequently
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Site shell welding
Worn or cracked shells can be weld repaired at site. Reinforcing gussets can also be welded to minimize distortion due to welding and to add structural strength. Over time, welding procedures have been refined and complemented with weld grinding and shot-peening.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
First-of-its-kind, complex repairs
First-of-its-kind, complex repairs are usually needed when a crack or severe wash is discovered in the rotating structural components, or when a design improvement is necessary to change operational parameters such as increased mill loading.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Pinion temperature monitoring
The pinion temperature monitoring system uses differential temperature checks across the pinion face to ensure proper pinion alignment. Automatic sensing and continuous condition monitoring is accomplished through infrared sensor technology (4 to 20 mA to PLC or DCS). The system uses low-maintenance parts for operational efficiency and is customizable to fit most gear guards.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Trunnion bearing RTD installation
Older trunnion bearing housings either do not have RTDs to measure bearing temperatures or the RTDs are embedded in the bearing sleeve making maintenance very difficult. These bearing housings can be retrofitted with RTDs using 100 ohm sensor technology, which rides directly on the bearing surface. They provide automatic, continuous, and accurate differential temperature checks of the trunnion journal surface to ensure alignment.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Trunnion bearing lubrication system
Replacing an outdated lubrication system can extend the life of bearings and trunnions. The system automatically maintains constant temperature and even flow as well as improves the efficiency of the oil filtration process.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Olympic dam sag mill down
BHP said the huge Svedala mill had experienced an electrical failure and would be out of service for about six months, reducing copper production by 60,000-70,000 tonnes in this financial year
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Mill Liners
Liners can be metal or rubber
Grate and ware plate are normally made from alloy ware resistant cast steel or rubber.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Kanex CG offers the rubber and combined lining for mills, liner bolts, as well as rubber trommels.

Rubber wear-resisting linings, manufactured by the Company, are widely applied in the field of non-ferrous and ferrous metals enrichment, coal mining and electrical power supply.
Such linings are gradually replacing the traditional metal ones because of its superior properties:
-High wear-resistance. Much higher than metal ones.
-Smaller weight  lower electricity cost; smaller frame wear  efficiency and mills easy starting;
-easy installation and replacement;
-Noise level is less for 8-10 dB;
-High-quality raw materials, the lack of metal impurities; 
- Low wear over the service life.

Combined linings, manufactured by the Company, are designed for use in large-sized semi-autogenous grinding mills. Such linings construction is the solution of problem with cracks in the metal linings and slurry leaks through bolt holes. The term of non-stop operation is significantly increased and maintenance costs are reduced. Features:
Shock and wear-resistance. It is suitable for severe conditions.
Long service life. Excellent quality-price ratio.
Reduced noise level compared to the fully metallic analogues.
Smaller weight. It can be easy installedand replaced
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Bolts by their very nature are designed to undo, from the very moment the load used to tighten a bolt for the very first time is released, a bolt starts to loosen, it can loose anywhere from 10-20% of its load in the first 48 hours and thats without the normal bedding in process.
This is why a re-torque is specified and is usually carried out, (mostly seen on liner bolts), but what about the bolts holding the mill together?, All to often they are just overlooked, and the results can be seen above.
When the mill finally goes into operation the structural bolts on mills are exposed to extreme loads during operation and after a period of time they start to relax and loosen off further, this can lead in a surprisingly short time to joint leakage and eventually failure.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Breaking or Leaking Mill Liner Bolts
In many grinding plants mills which have metallic or rubber liners suffer from bolt breakage.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Ball Mill Repair
Ball mill preventive maintenance, SAG mill, AG mill planned maintenance
Minor repair cycle for ball mill is about one month, (repair at any time for special conditions) and the repair items include:
1.	Check and clean the oil pump, oil filter and lub. Oil pipeline, then renewal the lub. oil;
2.	Check all bolts on the equipment, re-fasten them;
3.	Examine the large and small driving gear of the ball mill, take notes of the wearing patterns, then repair or change the small worn gear;
4.	Check the coupling, replace rubber elastic ring and other spares;
5.	Replace the shell liner of ball mill. Wear resistant rubber liners manufactured by Naipu are widely used in mining equipment for replacing traditional cast steel liners. Naipu spare parts for ball mill, SAG mill, AG mill include rubber liners and composite liners (rubber + alloy). Rubber liners include pulp discharger assembly segment, rubber head liner, rubber pan liner, FE head liner, rubber lifter bar etc. Composite liners include composite lifer, head liner, shell liner etc. 
6.	Check and repair the inlet and outlet pipe;
7.	Check the feeding machine, driving system and accessory equipment;
8.	Minor repairs for AG mill, SAG mill in mining are the same with that of ball mill.
Ball mill repairRepair cycle of ball mill is 4 to 6 month, the repair items include:
1.	All items in minor repair;
2.	Examine and replace inlet pipe, outlet pipe and feeding machine;
3.	Repair large driving gear;
4.	Repairs for AG mill, SAG mill in mining are the same with that of ball mill.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Ball mill overhaulIn the repairs of mining ball mill PM, overhaul has the largest workload and the longest cycle. Overhaul means to dismantle most or all the parts of the equipment, then repair or replace the mechanical parts, electric parts, adjust working system, and then do mounting and commissioning, so as to rule out the faults and regain rated performance and precision. Overhaul cycle of ball mill is 2 to 4 years, the repair items include:
1.	All items in minor repair and repair;
2.	Examine and replace main shaft bearing and large gear;
3.	Examine, repair and replace the shell;
4.	Repair and replace inlet and outlet end cover. According to the using results of rubber liners and metal liners applied in mines, ball mills equipped with Naipu wear resistant rubber liners or Naipu composite liners have long service life than others.
5.	Overhaul for AG mill, SAG mill in mining are the same with that of ball mill.
Area: Minning Maintenance Realibility
Daily maintenance of ball mill
1.	All lubricating points and the oil surface height should be checked at least one time every 4hours.
2.	The temperature of the bearing grease should not be higher than 55?, when the ball mill stays in operation.
3.	The temperature of transmission bearing and the reducer should be no higher than 60?, when the ball mill is in normal operation.
4.	When ball mills works, the large and small gear transmission smoothly, no abnormal noise, and if necessary, adjust the clearance.
5.	The ball mill should operate smoothly without strong vibration.
6.	Motor current should be no abnormal fluctuations
7.	Each connecting fasteners stay no loose, the combined parts have no oil leakage, no leak water and no leak ore phenomenon.
8.	The steel ball should be added in time according to the wear situation.
9.	If you find the abnormal situation, the ball mill should be stopped immediately to examine and repair.