白宫
华盛顿特区
2022年12月14日
 
促进性别公平和平等是美国在非洲和世界各地外交政策的基石。提高妇女和女童的地位不仅是人权、正义和公平的问题，也是一项减少贫困和促进可持续经济增长、增加受教育机会、改善健康状况、推进政治稳定，促进民主的战略要务。
 
在美国-非洲领导人峰会（U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit）上，卡玛拉·哈里斯（Kamala Harris）副总统宣布了促进非洲妇女经济参与的新承诺，包括非洲妇女贸易和投资项目（African Women’s Trade and Investment Project）以及重振非洲妇女创业项目（African Women’s Entrepreneurship Program）。这些项目建立在本届政府为促进非洲大陆妇女的经济、政治和社会包容而采取的一系列举措之上——其中许多举措推动了本届政府通过全球基础设施和投资伙伴关系（Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment）推动性别平等和公平投资以及符合性别平等的基础设施建设的优先事项。
 
妇女的经济参与
 
促进妇女的创业和平等：美国国际发展金融公司（U.S. International Development Finance Corporation, 简称DFC）宣布了一项3.58亿美元的新投资，包括该公司的2X妇女倡议（2X Women’s Initiative）所属的项目，这项倡议已经催生了数十亿美元由妇女拥有、由妇女领导或增进妇女权能的项目。投资包括支持有创意的创业，其中含有对Norrsken22非洲基金的1500万美元的股权投资，Norrsken22非洲基金是一个由女性领导的基金，投资于整个非洲具有重大影响的技术公司，支持金融、医药和教育方面的创业和技术进步；向“一英亩基金 ”（One Acre Fund）提供2000万美元的贷款，该基金将为农业投入提供资金，以提高撒哈拉以南非洲地区的农业产量，并侧重于帮助女性农户；以及向Uhuru Growth Fund I-A投资2500万美元，这一基金将为西非的中小型企业（包括女性领导的企业）提供所需的增长资金。
 
在美国-非洲商务论坛（U.S.-Africa Business Forum）上，千年挑战集团（Millennium Challenge Corporation，简称MCC）宣布了与尼日尔和贝宁政府签订的区域运输协议(Regional Transport Compact)，其中包括投入750万美元资金用于妇女和青年创业及培训计划，以减轻艾滋病病毒/艾滋病、基于性别的暴力和人口贩运的风险，以及改善道路以支持沿运输走廊出售商品的贫困和弱势妇女。今年年初，千年挑战集团还与莱索托政府签署了一项新的卫生和园艺协议（Health and Horticulture Compact），向该国提供约2100 万美元用于推动女性创业，包括推行在诸如妇女土地权、女儿继承权、加强农业工人的劳工权利和防止家庭暴力等方面的改革。
 
非洲妇女创业项目：副总统宣布了为“非洲妇女创业项目”（African Women’s Entrepreneurship Program， 简称AWEP）提供100万美元资金的计划，该项目将为培训女企业家和支持撒哈拉以南非洲地区的妇女拥有的企业提供小额赠款。
 
加快妇女参与绿色就业：美国国务院将启动“加速能源领域妇女权能”（Accelerating Women’s Empowerment in Energy，简称AWEE）项目，该项目初始投资为100万美元，以帮助通过绿色就业确保妇女的经济未来，项目侧重于肯尼亚和南非。项目将向当地组织提供赠款，以消除妇女进入职工队伍、在其中得到晋升以及留在工作岗位的障碍。 美国国际发展署的电力非洲（USAID Power Africa ）正在发起一项新的活动，通过培训和能力建设、促进职工队伍性别平等的政策，以及安排就业，支持妇女参与尼日利亚能源部门的工作。
 
为有尊严的工作调动有关网络：美国国务院将启动“中东和北非雇主促进性别平等和包容的工作场所政策行动计划”（Middle East and North Africa Employers for Gender Equitable and Inclusive Workplace Policies initiative ），投资350万美元，帮助制定性别平等、具有包容性的雇主政策和做法，改善就业妇女的安全，包括在阿尔及利亚、摩洛哥和突尼斯倡导国家立法。该项目将与当地和跨国公司、政府以及代表女工的公民社会组织进行合作。
 
人口贩运幸存者的经济安全：美国国务院将启动“通过加强对人口贩运受害者重返社会的支持来促进经济安全”（Fostering Economic Security Through Enhanced Reintegration Support for Victims of Trafficking）项目，初始投资为100万美元。该项目将通过开发工具和能力培养、增加和扩大支持以及加强监督，为选择创业的人口贩运幸存者增进及扩展重返社会的选择。 加纳和尼日利亚等国会受益于这项全球计划。
 
技术和创新
 
非洲数字转型行动计划：拜登-哈里斯政府与国会合作提出的这项标志性行动计划，拟为非洲投入超过 3.5 亿美元资金，并协助获得超过 4.5 亿美元的融资，以促进健康、具有包容性和韧性的非洲的数字生态系统的发展。“非洲数字转型行动计划”（Initiative on Digital Transformation with Africa ，简称DTA）将优先解决性别和其他社会数字鸿沟问题，并通过数字生态系统及在数字生态系统内加速增进妇女权能。
 
基于性别的暴力和人权
 
解决基于性别的在线骚扰和虐待问题：在美国-非洲领导人峰会上，美国宣布肯尼亚成为 “打击基于性别的在线骚扰和虐待行为全球行动伙伴关系”（Global Partnership for Action on Gender-Based Online Harassment and Abuse）的最新伙伴政府之一。 这一全球伙伴关系最初在民主峰会（Summit for Democracy）上发起，它把各国、国际组织、公民社会和私营部门聚集在一起，以解决日益严重的由技术驱动的基于性别的暴力这一祸患，包括制定和推进共同原则；增加针对性强的项目和相关资源；并改进涉及这一祸患的数据收集工作。此外，美国国际发展署署长萨曼莎·鲍尔（Samantha Power）在公民社会论坛（Civil Society Forum ）上宣布启动数字空间转型（Transform Digital Spaces）项目。该项目与国会合作，拟投资130万美元，在非洲通过开展切实可行的活动进行试点，以预防、应对和减轻技术所助长的基于性别的暴力风险，包括政治和公共服务中的妇女遭受的暴力。
 
打击工作场所基于性别的暴力：今年年初，千年挑战集团与马拉维签署了一项新协议，其中包括一项400万美元的“包容性增长市场监管计划”（Market Regulation for Inclusive Growth），以支持对市场和相关运输服务中基于性别的暴力进行更有力、更有效的监管。这包括普遍存在的价格歧视、性骚扰，以及损害女性商人利益的有针对性的盗窃行为。该计划将与市场委员会、非政府组织和各个公共部门利益相关者合作，在5年的协议期内确定有效的监管机制。
 
加强对妇女人权的尊重：美国国务院将与国会合作，投入100万美元资金，启动“掌握权利、倡导权利”（Holding Rights, Leading for Rights）行动计划，以增加西非残障妇女的资源和技术能力，争取法律规定的平等待遇，有效地要求获得自己的权利，减少对残障妇女的污名化和有害做法。
 
健康
 
推进全球卫生工作者队伍的平等：在世界各地，70%的卫生工作者是女性，但许多人对健康和经济做出重要贡献却未得到报酬。去年5月，认识到一支全面、经过培训、受到保护、拥有精良设备、得到支持的卫生工作者队伍是扩大公平获得公共卫生服务的基石，白宫发起了“全球卫生工作者倡议”（Global Health Worker Initiative，简称GHWI）。GHWI的一个支柱是致力于扩大公平和包容。作为GHWI的一部分，政府计划与国会合作，从2022年到2024年每年为非洲地区的卫生工作者投入13.3亿美元，到2025财政年度，投入资金总额至少达40亿美元。
 
通过投资于由妇女主导的基金来提高卫生系统的复原力：美国国际发展金融公司和美国国际发展署将与卫生转型基金 （Transform Health Fund ）合作，这是一个以女性为主导的基金，在非洲投资（AfricInvest）和卫生融资联盟（Health Finance Coalition）的领导下汇集了政府、捐助方和商业投资，向提高整个非洲大陆卫生复原力和疫情防范能力的企业提供资金。美国国际发展金融公司和美国国际发展署将分别完成1000万美元的股权融资和100万美元的催化捐赠资金。该基金还将在其内部提拔女性走上领导岗位，并以女性消费者为对象，同时确保其投资组合中至少有30%符合2X标准，这是美国国际发展金融公司支持新兴市场为女性增进经济权能的龙头项目。
 
妇女、和平和安全
 
促进妇女参与和平与安全进程：通过在民主峰会上宣布的“支持妇女赋权 – 妇女融入新安全”（Support Her Empowerment – Women’s Inclusion in New Security，简称SHE WINS）行动计划，国务院将为一个新项目投资150万美元，以加强当地妇女以及妇女主导的公民社会组织的领导能力，应对其社区的和平与安全挑战。该项目将通过在喀麦隆和刚果民主共和国等国采取的有针对性的举措来支持妇女参与当地和平构建和安全进程。
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欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/12/14/fact-sheet-u-s-africa-partnerships-in-gender-equality-and-womens-empowerment/
本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

Fact Sheet:  U.S.-Africa Partnerships in Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment

The White HouseWashington, D.C.December 14, 2022
 
Promoting gender equity and equality is a cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy in Africa and around the world. Advancing the status of women and girls is not only a matter of human rights, justice, and fairness—it is also a strategic imperative that reduces poverty and promotes sustainable economic growth, increases access to education, improves health outcomes, advances political stability, and fosters democracy.
At the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit, Vice President Kamala Harris announced new commitments to advance women’s economic participation in Africa, including the African Women’s Trade and Investment Project and the revitalization of the African Women’s Entrepreneurship Program.  These programs build upon a range of Administration initiatives to foster women’s economic, political, and social inclusion on the continent—many which advance the Administration’s priority to drive gender equality and equity investments and gender-aligned infrastructure development through the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment.
Women’s Economic Participation
Advancing Women’s Entrepreneurship and Equality: The U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) announced $358 million of new investments, including projects under DFC’s 2X Women’s Initiative, which has catalyzed billions of dollars of projects owned by women, led by women, or empowering women.  Investments include support for innovative entrepreneurship approaches, including an equity investment up to $15 million equity in the Norrsken22 Africa Fund, a women-led fund investing in high-impact technology companies across Africa, which will support entrepreneurship and technological advancements in finance, medicine, and education; a $20 million loan to One Acre Fund, which will provide financing for agricultural inputs, aiming to increase farm yields in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a strong focus on female farmers; and a $25 million investment in the Uhuru Growth Fund I-A, which will provide needed growth capital to small- and medium-sized enterprises in West Africa, including women-led businesses.
At the U.S.-Africa Business Forum, Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) announced a Regional Transport Compact with the governments of Niger and Benin that includes $7.5 million for entrepreneurship and training programs for women and youth, to mitigate HIV/AIDS, gender-based violence, trafficking in persons risks, and road enhancements to support poor and vulnerable women who sell their goods along the transport corridors. Earlier this year, MCC also signed a new Health and Horticulture Compact with the government of Lesotho that provides an estimated $21 million to advance women’s entrepreneurship, including pursuing reforms such as land rights for women, inheritance rights for daughters, stronger labor rights for agricultural workers, and protections against domestic violence.
African Women’s Entrepreneurship Program (AWEP): The Vice President announced plans to provide $1 million for AWEP, which will provide small grants to train women entrepreneurs and support women-owned businesses in sub-Saharan Africa.
Accelerating Women’s Participation in Green Jobs: The Department of State will launch the Accelerating Women’s Empowerment in Energy (AWEE) project with an initial investment of $1 million to help secure women’s economic future through green jobs, with a focus on Kenya and South Africa.  The program will provide grants to local organizations to address barriers to women’s entry, promotion, and retention in the workforce.  USAID Power Africa is launching a new activity to support women’s participation in the energy sector in Nigeria through training and capacity building, policies that promote gender equity in the workforce; and job placement.
Mobilizing Networks for Dignified Work: The Department of State will launch the Middle East and North Africa Employers for Gender Equitable and Inclusive Workplace Policies initiative with an investment of $3.5 million to help create employer policies and practices that are gender-equitable, inclusive, improve the security of employed women, including advocating for national legislation in Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. The project engages with local and multinational companies, governments, and civil society organizations representing women workers.
Economic Security for Survivors of Trafficking: The Department of State will launch the Fostering Economic Security Through Enhanced Reintegration Support for Victims of Trafficking program with an initial investment of $1 million. This project will enhance and extend reintegration options for trafficking survivors who choose to pursue entrepreneurship by developing tools and capacity building, increasing and extending support, and enhancing monitoring. Countries that may benefit from global programming are Ghana and Nigeria.
Technology and Innovation
Initiative on Digital Transformation with Africa (DTA): Working with Congress, this signature initiative of the Biden-Harris Administration intends to invest over $350 million and facilitate over $450 million in financing for Africa to foster the growth of a healthy, inclusive, and resilient digital ecosystem in Africa. DTA will prioritize addressing gender and other social digital divides and accelerating women’s empowerment through and within the digital ecosystem.
Gender-Based Violence and Human Rights
Addressing Gender-Based Online Harassment and Abuse: At the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit, the United States announced Kenya’s membership as one of the newest partner governments in the Global Partnership for Action on Gender-Based Online Harassment and Abuse.  First launched at the Summit for Democracy, the Global Partnership brings together countries, international organizations, civil society, and the private sector to address the growing scourge of technology-facilitated gender-based violence, including developing and advancing shared principles; increasing targeted programming and resources; and improving data collection on this scourge.  Furthermore, USAID Administrator Power announced at the Civil Society Forum the launch of the Transform Digital Spaces program. Working with Congress, the program plans to invest $1.3 million to pilot practical activities in Africa to prevent, respond to, and mitigate the risk of technology facilitated gender-based violence, including perpetrated against women in politics and public life.
Combating Gender-Based Violence in the Workplace:  Earlier this year, MCC signed a new Compact with Malawi, which includes a $4 million Market Regulation for Inclusive Growth program to support stronger and more effective regulation of gender-based violence in markets and associated transport services.  This includes pervasive price discrimination, sexual harassment, and targeted theft that affects women traders.  This program will work with market committees, NGOs, and various public sector stakeholders to identify effective regulatory mechanisms across the 5-year Compact period.
Strengthening Respect for Human Rights of Women: Working with Congress, the State Department will launch the Holding Rights, Leading for Rights initiative with a $1 million investment to increase the resources and technical capacity of women with disabilities in West Africa to seek equal treatment under the law, effectively demand their rights, and reduce stigma and harmful practices.
Health
Advancing Equity in the Global Health Workforce: Around the world 70% of health workers are women, but many are unpaid for their critical contributions to health and the economy. Last May, the White House launched the Global Health Worker Initiative (GHWI), recognizing that a comprehensive, trained, protected, well-equipped, and supported health workforce is foundational to expanding equitable access to public health services. One pillar of the GHWI is focused on expanding equity and inclusion. As part of the GHWI, the Administration plans to work with Congress to invest $1.33 billion annually from 2022 to 2024 in the health workforce in the Africa region, for a total of at least $4 billion by Fiscal Year 2025.
Improving Health System Resilience by Investing in Women-Led Funds:  DFC and USAID will partner with the Transform Health Fund, a majority women-led fund that brings together government, donor, and commercial investments under the leadership of AfricInvest and the Health Finance Coalition to finance enterprises that improve health system resilience and pandemic preparedness across the continent. DFC and USAID will finalize $10 million in equity financing and $1 million in catalytic grant funding respectively. The Fund will also promote women in leadership positions across its pipeline and target female consumers while ensuring that at least 30% of its portfolio is aligned with 2X criteria, DFCs flagship program to support women’s economic empowerment in emerging markets.
Women, Peace, and Security
Fostering Women’s Inclusion in Peace and Security Processes: The Department of State, though the Support Her Empowerment – Women’s Inclusion in New Security (SHE WINS) initiative announced at the Summit for Democracy, will invest $1.5 million in a new project to strengthen the leadership of local women and women-led civil society organizations to address peace and security challenges in their communities.  This program will support women’s participation in local peace building and security processes through targeted initiatives, including in Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
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