美国国务院发言人办公室
即时发布
华盛顿特区
2022年7月12日
简报
 
根据拜登–哈里斯政府对在多边机构中强有力地重新参与和发挥领导作用的承诺，美国在联合国人权理事会 (HRC) 第 50 届例会期间积极促进对人权和基本自由的尊重和保护。这也是美国重返该机构之后所参加的第二届会议。
美国支持理事会发挥作用，将焦点放在值得关注的国家，促进对践踏人权的政府和行为者的问责，解决全球人权问题。
捍卫性别多样性群体（LGBTQI+）的人权：美国坚决支持延长防止基于性取向和性别认同的暴力和歧视问题独立专家 (IE) 的任务期限。作为该决议的共同提案人，美国与伙伴国协力争取广泛的支持，成功地把此项任务期限延长三年，并促进理事会采纳了关于以下各项的新语言：交叉性；成年人自愿同性行为合法化；不歧视的重要性。美方欢迎 独立专家在 8 月对美国进行正式访问。
支持妇女和女童的权利：在多项决议、联合声明、互动对话和会外活动中，美国强烈主张更多地尊重妇女和女童的人权和健康及其多样性。作为共同提案人，美国提出的决议侧重于消除对妇女和女童的歧视以及延长暴力侵害妇女和女童行为及其因果问题特别报告员的任务期限。拜登-哈里斯政府继续坚定地致力于在国内外推进和保护生殖健康和性健康及相关权利 (SRHR)——此等权利对健康、性别平等和公平以及可持续发展至关重要，是美国外交政策的一个核心优先事项。
通过紧急辩论重点关注阿富汗的人权问题：美国与国际社会共同支持一项紧急辩论和一项以阿富汗妇女和女童为重点的人权决议。我们对阿富汗境内的侵犯人权行为（常常归咎于塔利班）感到震惊，并对阿富汗妇女和女童在享有人权和基本自由方面受到的广泛限制感到不安。该决议将使阿富汗公民社会组织能够在 9 月的会议期间直接向人权理事会报告情况。
反对针对以色列的不限成员名额调查委员会（COI）：美国牵头发表了一份联合声明，代表 22 个国家（涵盖联合国所有区域集团）对COI就以色列、西岸和加沙地带局势进行调查这一没有先例的做法深表关切。
谴责中华人民共和国（PRC）的人权状况：美国自豪地成为创纪录的 47 个国家之一，通过荷兰牵头的联合声明公开谴责北京的国内人权记录，该声明对在新疆、西藏和香港发生的侵犯人权行为表达了深切的担忧。
应对俄罗斯日益恶化的人权状况：美国是由欧盟 (EU) 牵头的针对俄罗斯境内日益恶化的人权状况的联合声明的 47 个签署国之一。该声明强调了对逮捕和平抗议者、包括阿列克谢·纳瓦尔尼在内的政治犯、关闭公民社会组织和媒体机构、车臣共和国特别令人担忧的局势（包括法外处决和强迫失踪）、以及针对性别多样性群体和宗教少数群体的歧视性法律、政策和做法的严重关切。
维护和平集会和结社自由 (FOAA)：美国参加的一个核心小组起草了延长 FOAA 问题特别报告员任务期限的决议。作为共同提案人，美国成功地进行了游说，使该决议采纳了有关下列各项的语言：鼓励各国支持各种公民社会组织参与联合国论坛；强调确保互联网普及到每个人的重要性；呼吁各国建立和保持一个安全的、允许公民社会组织自由运作的环境。
促进和保护和平抗议：作为共同提案人，美国提出了关于在和平抗议中促进和保护人权的决议。该决议敦促各国为和平抗议提供便利，在其目标受众的视线和听力可及范围内为抗议者提供公共空间，并为个人行使其和平集会、言论和结社自由的权利营造一个安全和有利的环境（包括网络空间）。
揭露白俄罗斯侵犯和践踏人权的行为：作为共同提案人，美国参加了由欧盟牵头的一项决议，延长白俄罗斯问题特别报告员的任务期限，以便他们能够继续揭露卢卡申科政权系统性和有组织的侵犯和践踏人权的行为，包括限制媒体和言论自由以及干涉记者和公民社会组织的工作。
应对叙利亚持续存在的侵犯和践踏人权问题：作为核心小组成员，美国支持一项决议，旨在应对叙利亚境内持续存在的一系列侵犯和践踏人权的行为，特别是针对妇女和女童的行为，包括任意拘留和人员失踪问题。
延长利比亚问题独立实况调查团的任务期限：美国与利比亚密切合作，延长了利比亚问题独立实况调查团 (FFM) 的任务期限。 FFM 将于 2023 年 3 月发布最终报告。
呼吁就厄立特里亚局势开展合作：作为共同提案人，美国参加了由欧盟牵头的一项决议，成功地延长了厄立特里亚人权状况特别报告员的任务期限。该决议呼吁政府与特别报告员充分合作。
确保继续报告苏丹局势：作为核心小组成员，美国帮助起草并共同提出了有关苏丹局势的决议，确保继续支持苏丹局势独立专家（Independent Expert on Sudan），并确保独立专家的任务以及有关人权形势的报告要求得以保持，直到在苏丹恢复由文职官员领导的政府。
共同提出的决议：本届理事会所采纳的全部决议的半数以上是由美国共同提出的，其中包括有关性取向和性别认同（SOGI）、集会和结社自由（FOAA）、表达和见解自由（Freedom of Expression and Opinion）、和平抗议（Peaceful Protest）、消除对妇女和女童一切形式的歧视（Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and Girls）、对妇女和女童的暴力问题（Violence Against Women and Girls）、国内流离失所者（Internally Displaced Persons）、着重于妇女参与的司法独立和公正（Independence and Impartiality of the Judiciary）、阿富汗的妇女和女童的状况以及白俄罗斯、厄立特里亚、利比亚、苏丹和叙利亚的人权形势的各项决议。
联合声明：美国牵头起草了有关以色列以及西岸和加沙局势的调查委员会的联合声明，并签署了有关中华人民共和国和俄罗斯的联合声明；此外，美国还参与了有关斯里兰卡和乌克兰（特别着重于马里乌波尔）的联合声明。美国也支持了着重于以下议题的联合声明：性取向和性别认同、粮食安全、特别程序、移民、在暴行情况下保护妇女和女童的责任、在各项人权理事会活动中确保有关性别平等的更有力的措辞的重要性、水资源以及极端贫困。
在各项决议、联合声明以及互动对话中，美国倡导增加了有关语言以提倡平等和包容，其中涉及具有各种多样性的妇女和女童、国内流离失所者、LGBTQI+人士、残障人士、原住民、少数民族和宗教群体成员以及其他被边缘化的、弱势群体的成员。
此外，美国还参与了同乌克兰的人权状况有关的多个互动对话。我们也高兴地参与了同种族主义问题特别报告员的互动对话，强调了本届政府对种族正义的承诺。
会外活动：
 
欲查看原稿内容: https://www.state.gov/outcomes-of-the-50th-session-of-the-un-human-rights-council/ 
本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

FACT SHEET
OFFICE OF THE SPOKESPERSON
JULY 12, 2022
In line with the Biden-Harris Administration’s commitment to robust re-engagement and leadership in multilateral institutions, the United States marked its second session back on the UN Human Rights Council (HRC) by actively advancing respect for and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms during the body’s 50th regular session.
The United States supported the Council’s role of shining a spotlight on countries of concern, promoting accountability for governments and actors that abuse human rights, and addressing human rights issues across the globe.
Defending the Human Rights of LGBTQI+ Persons: The United States strongly supported the mandate renewal of the UN Independent Expert (IE) on protection against violence and discrimination based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity (SOGI).  As a co-sponsor of the resolution, the United States successfully worked with partners to galvanize support to renew the mandate for the next three years and to secure inclusion of new language on intersectionality; decriminalization of consensual adult, same-sex conduct; and the importance of non-discrimination.  The United States welcomes the SOGI IE’s official visit to the United States in August.
Supporting the Rights of Women and Girls:  Across several resolutions, joint statements, interactive dialogues, and side events, the United States strongly advocated for greater respect for the human rights and health of women and girls in all their diversity.  The United States co-sponsored resolutions focused on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women and Girls and the mandate renewal of the Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls, its causes and its consequences.  The Biden-Harris Administration remains resolutely committed to advancing and protecting sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) at home and abroad—SRHR are essential to health, gender equality and equity, and sustainable development and are a central U.S. foreign policy priority.
Highlighting Human Rights Concerns in Afghanistan with an Urgent Debate:  The United States, with the international community, supported an Urgent Debate and a resolution focused on the human rights of women and girls in Afghanistan.  We are alarmed by human rights abuses in Afghanistan, often attributed to the Taliban, and are disturbed by the extensive restrictions on the enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms by Afghan women and girls.  The resolution will enable Afghan civil society to address the HRC directly during its September session.
Opposing the Open-Ended Commission of Inquiry (COI) on Israel: The United States led a joint statement on behalf of 22 countries (representing all UN regional groups) expressing deep concern about the unprecedented and open-ended COI on the situation in Israel and the West Bank and Gaza.
Condemning the Human Rights Situation in the People’s Republic of China (PRC):  The United States was proud to be one of the record-breaking 47 countries to publicly condemn Beijing’s domestic human rights record via a Netherlands-led joint statement that expressed deep concern over human rights abuses in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Hong Kong.
Addressing the Deteriorating Human Rights Situation in Russia:  The United States was one of 47 signatories to a strong European Union (EU)-led joint statement addressing the deteriorating human rights situation inside Russia.  This statement highlighted serious concerns about the arrest of peaceful protestors, political prisoners including Alexei Navalny, the closure of civil society and media outlets, the particularly concerning situation in the Chechen Republic up to and including extrajudicial executions and enforced disappearances, and discriminatory laws, policies, and practices against LGBTI persons and members of religious minority groups.
Upholding Freedoms of Peaceful Assembly and of Association (FOAA):  The United States was a member of the Core Group that drafted the resolution renewing the mandate for the Special Rapporteur on FOAA.  As a co-sponsor, the United States successfully lobbied for the resolution to include language encouraging States to support diverse civil society participation in UN fora, stressing the importance of ensuring internet access extends to everyone, and calling upon States to establish and maintain a safe environment in which civil society can operate freely.
Promoting and Protecting Peaceful Protest:  The United States co-sponsored the resolution on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of peaceful protests.  This resolution urges States to facilitate peaceful protests by providing protesters with access to public space within sight and sound of their intended target audience and to promote a safe and enabling environment for individuals to exercise their rights to freedoms of peaceful assembly, expression, and association, both online and offline.
Exposing Violations and Abuses in Belarus:  The United States co-sponsored the EU-led resolution to extend the mandate for the Special Rapporteur on Belarus so they can continue to expose the Lukashenka regime’s systemic and systematic human rights violations and abuses, including restrictions on the media and freedom of expression and interference with the work of journalists and civil society.
Addressing Ongoing Violations and Abuses in Syria:  As part of the Core Group, the United States supported a resolution addressing a range of ongoing human rights violations and abuses in Syria, particularly against women and girls and including the issues of arbitrarily detained and missing persons.
Renewing the Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Libya:  The United States worked closely with Libya to renew the mandate for the Independent Fact-Finding Mission (FFM) on Libya.  The FFM will release its final report in March 2023.
Calling for Cooperation on the Situation in Eritrea:  The United States co-sponsored the EU-led resolution that successfully extended the mandate for the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Eritrea.  The resolution calls for the government to fully cooperate with the Special Rapporteur.
Ensuring Continued Reporting on Sudan:  As part of the Core Group, the United States helped draft and co-sponsored the resolution on the situation in Sudan, ensuring continued support for the Independent Expert (IE) on Sudan and ensuring the IE’s mandate remains, along with reporting requirements on the human rights situation, until the restoration of Sudan’s civilian-led government.
Co-sponsored Resolutions:  The United States co-sponsored more than half of the resolutions adopted this session, including the resolutions on SOGI, FOAA, Freedom of Expression and Opinion, Peaceful Protest, Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and Girls, Violence Against Women and Girls, Internally Displaced Persons, the Independence and Impartiality of the Judiciary with a focus on women’s participation, the situation of women and girls in Afghanistan, as well as the human rights situations in Belarus, Eritrea, Libya, Sudan, and Syria.
Joint Statements:  Besides leading the joint statement on the COI on the situation in Israel and the West Bank and Gaza and signing onto the joint statements on the PRC and Russia, the United States also joined the joint statements on Sri Lanka and Ukraine (with a specific focus on Mariupol).  The United States also supported thematic joint statements focused on SOGI, food security, special procedures, migrants, responsibility to protect, women and girls in the context of atrocities, the importance of ensuring stronger language on gender equality across HRC activity, water, and extreme poverty.
Across resolutions, joint statements, and interactive dialogues, the United States advanced language to promote equity and inclusion, including regarding women and girls in all their diversity, internally displaced persons, LGBTQI+ persons, persons with disabilities, indigenous persons, members of ethnic and religious minority groups, and members of other marginalized and vulnerable groups.
Additionally, the United States participated in multiple interactive dialogues related to the human rights situation in Ukraine.  We were also pleased to participate in the interactive dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on racism, highlighting the Administration’s commitment to racial justice.
Side Events: