美国驻联合国使团
新闻与公共外交办公室
2023年7月21日
 
谢谢您，主席女士。感谢格里菲斯（Griffiths）副秘书长和迪卡洛（DiCarlo）副秘书长令人警醒的通报。我还要对厄瓜多尔和法国发起召开这次重要会议表示感谢。
 
各位同仁，俄罗斯的卑劣行径似乎每一周都会变本加厉。上周，俄罗斯单方面阻止了向急需救援的叙利亚人提供跨境援助的折衷决议，而本周，俄罗斯中止参与《黑海谷物倡议》（Black Sea Grain Initiative）；该倡议一直帮助为全球最弱势的人口提供粮食，特别是中东和非洲地区的人口。我们听到一位通报情况的人称，这是微不足道的，但我们不妨问问那些正在接受援助的人们，看看他们是否认为这是微不足道的。
 
就在本周三，克里姆林宫向乌克兰港口发动导弹和无人机攻击，导致平民伤亡，并炸毁了6万吨粮食 ——6万吨粮食。据世界粮食计划署（World Food Program）估计，这足够超过27万人吃一年的。
 
本周，俄罗斯还宣布，所有在黑海水域前往乌克兰港口的船只都将被视为潜在的运载军用货物的船只，而根据《黑海谷物倡议》所规定的检查本可以避免这种情况。但就在昨晚，有报道称俄罗斯在敖德萨地区发动了又一轮攻击。
 
俄罗斯正在对全球粮食供应发动战争。在粮食需求如此急迫之际，它正在向穷困人口发动战争。你们已经听到了，民众很愤怒。而且有人会因此而死亡。
 
美国获悉，俄罗斯军队可能会扩大对乌克兰粮食设施的攻击，并将对黑海的民用船只也发动攻击。
 
我们的信息还表明，俄罗斯在乌克兰港口附近的水域布设了更多的水雷。我们认为这是一种蓄谋的协同行动，企图为在黑海地区对民用船只进行攻击制造借口，并将责任归咎于乌克兰。
 
在普京总统全面入侵乌克兰500多天之后，人们容易变得麻木——对俄罗斯的残酷攻势麻木。但我们不能麻木。这不正常。这不是负责任的国家或安理会常任理事国的做法。
 
安理会的职责是维护国际和平与安全。但俄罗斯破坏了全世界的和平与安全。它的行为与安理会所代表的一切背道而驰。
 
俄罗斯从对乌克兰发动无端、非法的战争一开始，就将粮食武器化。俄罗斯军队把乌克兰连绵的麦田变成战场。他们用地雷和炸弹毁坏了田地，他们偷盗并摧毁了重要的农业设备和基础设施。
 
莫斯科必须停止对乌克兰农田和基础设施的攻击。即使在俄罗斯是《黑海谷物倡议》的一员时，它也拒绝全面实施这一安排，并经常阻挠满载粮食的船只离港。
 
尽管如此，《黑海谷物倡议》仍然产生了实效。它帮助世界各地的人们获得口粮。这绝非像有人要我们相信的那样微不足道。
 
这一安排为全球粮食市场带来了稳定，降低了所有人的粮食价格。它加强了世界粮食计划署在阿富汗、索马里和也门等地的人道主义工作。它使3200万吨乌克兰谷物和食品得到出口。这相当于180亿个面包。
 
我们知道，通过这一安排出口的粮食有三分之二以上运往发展中国家。根据这一安排离开黑海的第一艘船只为黎巴嫩送去了粮食。从那时起，由于《黑海谷物倡议》的作用，货船将粮食运到了从苏丹到埃塞俄比亚以及利比亚的非洲和中东各地的港口。
 
但就在俄罗斯中断参与该倡议的当天，全球谷物价格大幅上涨。俄罗斯的出口商已经从中牟利，而数百万买不起高价粮食的人，尤其是中东和非洲的人民，则陷入困境。
 
明确无疑的是：俄罗斯毫无——毫无任何合理的理由中止参与这项安排。他们想让你们以为制裁阻止了他们的出口，但这与事实完全相反。他们的谷物出口比以往任何时候都多，而且价格更高。俄罗斯只是在利用黑海进行敲诈勒索。他们在玩政治游戏，他们以此胁迫全体人民。
 
各位同仁，联合国和土耳其已经公开表示他们希望这项安排继续下去。乌克兰也公开表示希望这项安排继续下去。全世界显然都希望这项安排继续下去。
 
现在，全世界的目光都集中在你们——俄罗斯身上。莫斯科现在改变其决定还为时不晚——延长、扩展并全面执行《黑海谷物倡议》。
 
我想借此机会感谢联合国和土耳其为维持这项安排的效力所做的一切努力。本理事会及其所有成员国必须团结一致，敦促俄罗斯本着诚意恢复谈判；而且为了全球最饥饿的人口以及全人类的福祉，必须终止在乌克兰的这场极为残酷的战争。
 
谢谢您，主席女士。
 
欲查看原稿内容: https://usun.usmission.gov/remarks-by-ambassador-linda-thomas-greenfield-at-a-un-security-council-briefing-on-the-humanitarian-impacts-of-russias-withdrawal-from-the-black-sea/
本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

Remarks by Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield at a UN Security Council Briefing on Russia’s Withdrawal from the Black Sea Grain Initiative
 

Ambassador Linda Thomas-GreenfieldU.S. Representative to the United NationsNew York, New YorkJuly 21, 2023
AS DELIVERED
Thank you, Madam President. And thank you, to Under-Secretary-General Griffiths and DiCarlo, for your sobering briefing. And I want to express our appreciation to Ecuador and France for calling this important meeting.
Colleagues, it seems every single week, Russia stoops to a new low. Last week, Russia unilaterally blocked the compromise resolution that would have extended cross-border assistance to Syrians in dire need. And this week, Russia suspended its participation in the Black Sea Grain Initiative, an arrangement that has helped feed the world’s most vulnerable, particularly people in the Middle East and Africa. We heard from one of our briefers that this is trivial, but ask the people who are receiving this aid if they think it’s trivial.
This Wednesday, the Kremlin unleashed missiles and drones on Ukrainian ports killing and wounding civilians, and destroying 60,000 tons of grain – 60,000 tons of grain. According to the World Food Program, that is enough to feed more than 270,000 people for a year.
This week, Russia also announced that all ships proceeding to Ukrainian ports in Black Sea waters will be considered potential carriers of military cargo, which could have been avoided with the inspections that were provided under the Initiative. And just last night, reports indicate that Russia carried out yet another round of attacks in the Odesa region.
Russia is waging war on the world’s food supply. It is waging war on the poor at a time when needs are so dire. And you’ve heard that people are angry. And people will die.
And the United States has information that the Russian military may expand its targeting of Ukrainian grain facilities to include attacks against civilian shipping in the Black Sea.
Our information also indicates that Russia laid additional sea mines in the approaches to Ukrainian ports. We believe this is a coordinated effort to justify any attacks against civilian ships in the Black Sea, and lay blame on Ukraine for these attacks.
After more than 500 days of President Putin’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, it’s easy to become numb – numb to Russia’s campaign of cruelty. But we cannot become numb. This is not normal. This is not the behavior of a responsible country, of a permanent member of this Council.
This Council is charged with maintaining international peace and security. But Russia has upended peace and security around the world. Its actions fly in the face of everything this Council stands for.
From the earliest days of its unprovoked, illegal war against Ukraine, Russia has weaponized food. Russian forces have turned Ukraine’s rolling wheat fields into battlefields. They have spoiled fields with mines and bombs, and they have stolen and destroyed vital agricultural equipment and infrastructure.
Moscow must cease its attacks on Ukraine’s agricultural land and infrastructure. Even when Russia was party to the Black Sea Grain Initiative, it refused to fully implement the arrangement, and so often obstructed ships full of food from leaving port.
Despite this, the Black Sea Grain Initiative was making a real difference. It was helping feed the world. This is not trivial, as we have been made to believe.
This arrangement has brought stability to global food markets and lowered food prices for all. It has bolstered the World Food Program’s humanitarian work in places like Afghanistan, Somalia, and Yemen. And it has facilitated the export of 32 million metric tons of Ukrainian grain and foodstuffs. That’s the equivalent of 18 billion loaves of bread.
And we know that more than two-thirds of food exports through this arrangement went to developing countries. The first ship that left the Black Sea under this arrangement brought grain to Lebanon. And since then, thanks to the Black Sea Grain Initiative, ships have brought food into ports across Africa and the Middle East, from Sudan to Ethiopia to Libya.
But the very day Russia suspended its participation in the Initiative, global grain prices rose sharply. Russian exporters are already benefitting, while millions who cannot afford higher-priced grain suffer – especially people in the Middle East and Africa.
Let’s be clear: Russia has zero – zero – legitimate reason to suspend its participation in this arrangement. They would have you believe that sanctions have blocked their exports. That couldn’t be further from the truth. They are exporting more grains than ever before, and at higher prices. Russia is simply using the Black Sea as blackmail. It’s playing political games. It’s holding humanity hostage.
Colleagues, the United Nations and Türkiye have said publicly they want this arrangement to continue. Ukraine has said publicly it wants this arrangement to continue. The world clearly wants this arrangement to continue.
Now, the eyes of the world are on you, Russia. It is not too late for Moscow to reverse its decision – and extend, expand, and fully implement the Black Sea Grain Initiative.
I want to take this opportunity to thank the United Nations and Türkiye for all they have done to try to keep this arrangement alive. This Council – and all Member States – must come together and urge Russia to resume negotiations in good faith. And end this atrocious war in Ukraine for the good of the world’s most hungry, for the good of humanity.
Thank you, Madam President.
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