白宫
华盛顿特区
2021年12月6日
简报：《美国反腐败战略》

“腐败威胁美国的国家安全，经济公平，全球反贫困和求发展的努力，以及民主本身。但是，通过有效防范和打击腐败并展现透明与问责管理的好处，我们能够使美国和其他民主国家把握一个关键优势。”
——拜登总统 2021年6月3日
 
腐败是社会机体的毒瘤——是侵蚀公众信任和政府为公民服务能力的疾病。腐败的有害影响波及社会的几乎各个方面。它加剧社会、政治和经济的不平等和两极分化；阻碍国家应对公共健康危机或提供优质教育的能力；破坏商务环境和经济机会；引起冲突；并损害对政府的信任。滥用职权谋取私利的人所窃取的不仅是物质财富，而且是人的尊严与福祉。
明晰腐败对民主的侵蚀性，拜登总统于2021年6月3日将打击腐败确立为美国国家安全的一个核心利益。据此，他指示国家安全团队牵头制定一项全面战略，实施后，将加强美国政府的防腐败能力，更加有效地打击非法金融活动，更有利于追究腐败行为者的责任，并且增强活动人士、调查性新闻工作者，以及站在揭露腐败最前沿的其他人士的能力。
今天，根据总统的指示，拜登-哈里斯政府公布首创《美国反腐败战略》（United States Strategy on Countering Corruption）。《战略》阐述了全政府共同加强打击腐败的方针，尤其强调要更好理解和应对这个威胁中的跨国因素，包括采取措施，限制腐败行为者利用美国和国际金融系统隐藏资产和洗转贪腐钱财。
为指导实施，《战略》将美国政府的反腐败努力定为五个相互巩固的支柱：
美国政府反腐败努力的现代化、协调与资源：美国长期以来一直在全球反腐败斗争中发挥主导作用，但是，要将腐败的威胁作为一项国家安全要务来对待，必须有更新的方针。这将包括：
遏止非法融资：腐败行为者和他们的帮手依赖美国和国际金融系统中的薄弱环节掩盖资产所有权信息和洗转其非法活动赃款。美国作为世界最大经济体，有责任解决我们自身管理系统中的漏洞，并为盟国和伙伴也这样做而共同努力。这意味着纠正缺陷，方法包括：
追究腐败者责任：美国政府在弥补规则漏洞和与伙伴及盟友一道这样做的同时，也将对那些执意从事腐败活动的人追究责任，方法包括：
维护和加强多边防腐败构架：美国政府致力于加强国际反腐构架，其中包括多边行动计划，作出承诺，以及推动各国在反腐败领域取得切实进展的标准。美国将继续维护和加强这一关键构架，做法包括：
增进外交接触和运用对外援助资源达到反腐政策目标：外交接触和对外援助，包括安全援助，对美国反腐败努力有极为重要的作用。这些努力并举，可以有力提高伙伴政府打击腐败的能力和决心，并支持公民社会和有关方面的宣传和行动。为确保援助资金不被无意中用于支持腐败行为者，美国将改进风险管理程序，并且更好地了解地方政治、经济和社会动态关系。美国将为此扩大和增进努力，方法包括：
《美国反腐败战略》标志着美国努力遏止腐败危害的新篇章。鉴于问责至关重要，联邦部门和机构将每年向总统汇报实现《战略》目标的进展情况。
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DECEMBER 06, 2021•STATEMENTS AND RELEASES
“Corruption threatens United States national security, economic equity, global anti-poverty and development efforts, and democracy itself.  But by effectively preventing and countering corruption and demonstrating the advantages of transparent and accountable governance, we can secure a critical advantage for the United States and other democracies.”
President Joe Biden June 3, 2021
Corruption is a cancer within the body of societies—a disease that eats at public trust and the ability of governments to deliver for their citizens. The deleterious effects of corruption impact nearly all aspects of society. It exacerbates social, political, and economic inequality and polarization; impedes the ability of states to respond to public health crises or to deliver quality education; degrades the business environment and economic opportunity; drives conflict; and undermines faith in government. Those that abuse positions of power for private gain steal not just material wealth, but human dignity and welfare.
Recognizing corruption’s ability to corrode democracy, on June 3, 2021, President Biden established the fight against corruption as a core U.S. national security interest. Accordingly, he directed his national security team to lead the creation of a comprehensive strategy that, when implemented, would improve the U.S. Government’s ability to prevent corruption, more effectively combat illicit finance, better hold corrupt actors accountable, and strengthen the capacity of activists, investigative journalists, and others on the front lines of exposing corrupt acts.
Today, in line with the President’s direction, the Biden-Harris Administration is releasing the first-ever United States Strategy on Countering Corruption. The Strategy outlines a whole-of-government approach to elevating the fight against corruption. It places particular emphasis on better understanding and responding to the threat’s transnational dimensions, including by taking additional steps to reduce the ability of corrupt actors to use the U.S. and international financial systems to hide assets and launder the proceeds of corrupt acts.
To guide implementation, the Strategy organizes U.S. Government efforts to fight corruption under five mutually-reinforcing pillars:
Modernizing, coordinating, and resourcing U.S. Government efforts to fight corruption: While the United States has long been a leader in the global fight against corruption, addressing the threat as a national security imperative requires an updated approach. This will include:
Curbing illicit finance: Corrupt actors and their facilitators rely on vulnerabilities in the United States and international financial systems to obscure ownership of assets and launder the proceeds of their illicit activities.  As the world’s largest economy, the United States bears responsibility to address gaps in our own regulatory system and work with our allies and partners to do the same.  This means addressing deficiencies, including by:
Holding Corrupt Actors Accountable: While the U.S. Government shores up regulatory gaps and works with partners and allies to do the same, we will also hold accountable those who choose to engage in corruption, including by:
Preserving and strengthening the multilateral anti-corruption architecture: The U.S. Government is committed to strengthening the international anti-corruption architecture, which includes multilateral initiatives, commitments, and standards that push countries to make real improvements in countering corruption.  The United States will continue to preserve and strengthen this vital architecture, including by:
Improving diplomatic engagement and leveraging foreign assistance resources to achieve anti-corruption policy goals: Diplomatic engagement and foreign assistance, including security assistance, are vital to the United States’ efforts to counter corruption.  Taken together, these efforts can bolster partner governments’ capacity and will to counter corruption, and support civil society and others engaged in advocacy and action.  To safeguard assistance dollars from inadvertently supporting corrupt actors, the United States will improve its risk management processes and better understand local political, economic, and social dynamics.  The United States will therefore expand and enhance its efforts, including by:
The United States Strategy on Countering Corruption marks a new chapter in the United States’ efforts to curb corruption’s harmful effects.  As accountability is vital, Federal departments and agencies will report annually to the President on progress made against the Strategy’s objectives.
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