国务卿对世界经济论坛的讲话
大家都知道，我们面临很多新威胁，有些不是太新。其范围涵盖北朝鲜的核计划、伊朗的对外冒险主义、中国的以国家为中心的经济模式、中国对邻居的好战性以及在国内拥抱极权主义。极端伊斯兰恐怖主义依然是我们将继续共同打击的持续性威胁。
在所有这些领域，我们都在取得进展。但是如果没有美国发挥核心作用的出色合作，这些进展都不可能实现。我们共同对北朝鲜施加了最大压力，这种压力让金来到谈判桌旁。联合国做了非常棒的工作，是这场全球联合制裁的重心。我们还召集了全球各国联合与伊朗对峙并支持伊朗民众的渴望。
与亚洲和全世界的伙伴国家一道，我们正在和中国重新平衡关系。值得一提的是，与“击败ISIS全球联盟”中的七十多个国家一道，我们还挫败了在叙利亚和伊拉克的ISIS哈里发。
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布伦德先生：谢谢您，国务卿。我们很高兴您加入了我们的论坛，那边的形势确实看起来不错。您也短暂提到了中国，我从达沃斯在座的所有与会者这里了解到，中美关系有着巨大利益。我们看到中国的增长在减速，我们还知道今年晚些时候会有一个贸易代表团访问华盛顿DC。所以，从您作为国务卿的角度，您如何看待中国今天在世界上作为一个新兴的地区大国和全球大国的角色，以及如何从美中关系的角度看待中国？
蓬佩奥国务卿：博格，有些人说冲突——我们两国之间的超级大国冲突——不可避免。我们不这样看，我们想要找到我们可以合作的点。你谈到了将要来访的贸易代表团，我很乐观，我们会接待好他们，我们会从那些对话中取得一个好结果。但是要记得，这一关系的道路将取决于美国支持的原则——美国支持：自由和开放的海洋；各国能把自己的商品带到世界各地；公平和对等的贸易安排，让每个国家得以在公平、透明和开放的基础上进行竞争。这些民主的原则，为全球创造了如此多的财富的这些东西，将驱动美国和中国未来的关系。我们希望中国会采取与此相符的政策，如果他们这么做，我非常有信心我们两国可以共同繁荣昌盛。
布伦德先生：谢谢您，国务卿。听到您很乐观，这很有意思。我知道你是个乐观的人。去年在达沃斯，一个重要的讨论是北美自由贸易协定（NAFTA）的未来，您在那里找到了解决方案。所以当您说“乐观”时，您认为我们可以说今年美中之间在贸易方面会有另一个突破吗？我想我们在座的很多公司CEO对此非常好奇。
蓬佩奥国务卿：我不想提前谈论这次谈话，这次正在进行的谈判。有很多艰难的工作要做，肯定有些关于贸易平衡的问题，这些问题当然重要。但是贸易安排的核心前提、世贸组织（WTO）的结构、将要设置的关税水平、美国公司能够在中国运营而不会冒着他们的商业秘密和知识财产被盗的风险、以及对在我们两国的投资的理解，这些都将会是对等的。一个国家——一个想要，想要来美国这里投资的中国公司——应当有充分的机会这样做，只要他们来这里公平竞争。同样，美国公司也应当被允许这样做，而不是不得不面对这样一个机制：他们所提供的技术将被强制转让。
这些不是公平的安排，它们不是对等的协议，它们不是自由和公平贸易应当进行的方式，所以我希望这些问题中的每一个都能得到建设性处理，我希望中国准备好在这些条件下竞争。如果是这样的话，我非常有信心，不仅美国及其人民将拥有光明的未来，中国人民也将拥有光明的未来。
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布伦德先生：国务卿，知道您个人在北朝鲜，朝鲜问题方面表现出了极大的领导力。去年六月，特朗普总统会晤了金正恩委员长，创造了历史，为改善韩朝半岛安全形势带来了很大希望。正如我所说的那样，期望很高。我们知道总统将于二月底与金正恩委员长会晤。我想外界有诸多好奇。也许您可以阐述一下，当特朗普总统再次与委员长会晤时，您所设想的后续步骤是什么，也许您也可以让我们知道将会在何地会晤。
蓬佩奥国务卿：博格，我今天在这方面没有任何消息要宣布，但我可以这样说：谈判迄今已经进行了一段时间了，已经进行了很多讨论。当金英哲上周访问华盛顿时，我们不仅在他与总统的讨论中取得了进一步的进展，而且特别代表比根也有机会与新指定的对口官员会晤，他们在那里能够讨论一些复杂问题，以实现双方领导人去年六月在新加坡所作出的安排。
这样，在双方领导人再次会晤之前，我们还有几周时间。上周末在瑞典举行的一系列讨论现在已经结束。再一次取得了更多一点进展。还有非常多的工作要做，但好的事情已经发生了。北朝鲜人没有在进行导弹试验，北朝鲜人没有在进行核试验。在实现在新加坡所作出的无核化的安排，以及在实现双方领导人达成一致的半岛安全、稳定与和平方面，还有许多路要走。我们决心努力实现这一目标。我相信在二月底我们还会有一个好的标志性事件。
布伦德先生：谢谢。当施瓦布教授和我十二月在您的办公室与您会面计划您在达沃斯这里的访问时，我们也谈到了如果情况有所突破，私营部门作出贡献的可能性。您对此有何进一步的思考？
蓬佩奥国务卿：我们确实就这一话题进行了良好的交谈，博格。今天还没有太大的角色给私营部门，但如果我们取得成功，如果我们能够朝着实现无核化和创造适当条件迈出实质性的一步，那么就会有私营部门出现，在后面等着出现，我知道北朝鲜人了解他们需要私营部门，无论是为这个国家的人民提供电力，还是建立北朝鲜迫切需要的基础设施。这些事肯定会有政府参与，但是还是需要私营部门的有力推动，才能实现北朝鲜的经济增长，这将最终引向我们所有人都在寻求的稳定。
所以疑虑，心存疑虑的私营企业，如果我们能够实现完全无核化，而且我知道这是全世界所希望的，他们准备投资北朝鲜并协助北朝鲜，私营部门也将成为实现协议最终内容的重要参与者。

As you all know, we face many new threats, some of them not so new. They range from North Korea’s nuclear program, to Iran’s foreign adventurism, to China’s state-centered economic model, its belligerence toward its neighbors, and its embraces of a totalitarian state at home. Radical Islamic terrorism remains a persistent threat that we will continue to fight together.
In all of these areas we’re making progress. But none of this progress could have happened without beautiful coalitions in which America has played a central role. Collectively, we have exerted maximum pressure on North Korea, and that pressure has gotten Kim to the negotiating table. The United Nations did amazing work, acting as the center of gravity for sanctions that built out this global coalition. We’ve also assembled a global coalition of nations to confront Iran and support the aspirations of the Iranian people.
And we’re rebalancing the relationship with China, alongside partner nations in Asia and all around the world. It should not go unnoticed that we’ve also defeated the ISIS caliphate in Syria and Iraq, alongside more than six dozen nations in the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS.
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MR BRENDE: Thank you, Secretary. We’re very pleased that you have joined us, and it does look brisk there. And you also mentioned China in your short intervention, and I know from all participants here in Davos there is huge interest in the Sino-U.S. relationship. We see that growth is slowing in China. We also know that there will be a trade delegation visiting DC later this year. So from your perspective as Secretary of State, how do you see the role of China in the world today as an emerging regional and global power, and also in relationship to the U.S.-Sino relationship?
SECRETARY POMPEO: Borge, there are those who say that conflict, superpower conflict between our two countries, is inevitable. We don’t see it that way. We want to find places where we can work together. You talked about the trade delegation coming. I am optimistic that we’ll receive them well and that we’ll have a good outcome from those conversations. But remember, the course of the relationship will be determined by the principles that America standbys – stands by: free and open seas, the capacity for nations to take their goods around the world, fair and reciprocal trade arrangements where every country has the opportunity to compete on a fair, transparent, and open basis. These principles of democracy, these things that have created so much wealth for the whole globe, will drive the relationship between the United States and China in the years ahead, and we hope that China will adopt policies that are consistent with that. If they do, I am very confident that our two nations can thrive and prosper together.
MR BRENDE: Thank you, Secretary. It’s interesting to hear that you are optimistic. I know that you are an optimistic person. Last year in Davos, the big discussion was the future of NAFTA. There you found a solution. So when you’re saying “optimistic,” you think we will say another breakthrough this year on the trade side between the U.S. and China? I think a lot of our business CEOs are very curious about that here.
SECRETARY POMPEO: I don’t want to get ahead of the conversations, the negotiations that are taking place. There’s lots of hard work to do. There are certainly issues around trade balances; those certainly matter. But the central premises of the trade arrangements, the structures at the WTO, the tariff levels that will be set, the capacity for American businesses to operate in China without risk that their trade secrets and their intellectual property will be stolen, the understandings that investments in our two countries will be reciprocal. A country – a Chinese company that want to – wants to invest here in the United States should have every opportunity to do so, so long as they’re coming here to compete fairly. In the same sense, American companies should be permitted to do that as well without having to have a mechanism by which the technology that they’re providing will be forced to be transferred.
Those aren’t fair arrangements, they’re not reciprocal agreements, they’re not the way free and fair trade ought to be conducted, and so I am hopeful that each of those issues can be dealt with constructively and that China is prepared to compete on those terms. And if they are, I am very confident that there will be a bright future not only for the United States and its people but for the Chinese people as well.
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MR BRENDE: Secretary, know that you personally have shown a lot of leadership when it comes to North Korea and the DPRK. History was made last June when President Trump met with Chairman Kim Jong-un, which a lot of hope for improvements of the security situation in the Korean Peninsula was established. Expectations, as I said, were high. We know that the President will meet with Chairman Kim Jong-un late in February. I think there is a lot of curiosity. Maybe you can shed some light on the next steps you envisage when President Trump meets again with the chairman, and maybe you can also let us know where it’s going to happen.
SECRETARY POMPEO: Borge, I don’t have any news to break today on that front, but I can say this: The negotiations have been underway for some time now. There’s lots of discussions that have taken place. When Kim Yong-chol visited Washington last week, we made further progress not only in the discussions that he had with the President, but Special Representative Biegun had the opportunity to meet with his newly designated counterpart as well, where they were able to discuss some of the complicated issues towards achieving what the two leaders laid out back last June in Singapore.
And so we have a handful of weeks before the two leaders will meet together again. A set of discussions that took place in Sweden over the weekend have now wrapped up. Again, a little bit more progress. There remains an awful lot of work to do, but good things have happened already. The North Koreans aren’t conducting missile tests. The North Koreans aren’t conducting nuclear tests. There are many steps yet along the way towards achieving the denuclearization that was laid out in Singapore and in achieving the security and stability and peace on the peninsula that the two leaders agreed to as well. We’re determined to work towards achieving that. I believe at the end of February we’ll have another good marker along the way.
MR BRENDE: Thank you. When Professor Schwab and I met with you in your office in December, planning for your visit here in Davos, we also touched on a possibility for private sector to contribute, if there was a breakthrough. Any further reflections on that?
SECRETARY POMPEO: We did have a good conversation about that, Borge. There’s not much role for the private sector today, but if we’re successful, if we can make a substantial step towards achieving the denuclearization and create the right conditions, it’ll be the private sector that sits there, looming in the background, that I know the North Koreans understand they need, whether that’s power for the people of the country, whether it’s to install the infrastructure that is so desperately needed in North Korea. Those things will certainly have a government component to them, but there’ll be an enormous private sector push that will be required to achieve the economic growth in North Korea that will ultimately lead to the stability that we’re all looking for.
And so the specter, the specter of private sector companies who are prepared to invest in North Korea and to assist North Korea if we’re able to achieve that full denuclearization that I know the entire world wants, the private sector will be an important player in achieving the final elements of the agreement as well.