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2022 年 3 月 8 日
拜登总统宣布禁止美国进口俄罗斯的石油、液化天然气和煤炭

罗斯福厅
美国东部标准时间上午 11 点 25 分
总统：大家早上好。很抱歉，让你们久等了。我刚才有几个电话。
今天我宣布，美国正在将目标对准俄罗斯的经济大动脉。
我们将禁止进口所有俄罗斯石油、天然气和能源。
这意味着，俄罗斯的石油将不再能进入美国港口，美国人民将给予普京的战争机器又一个强有力的打击。
这是一个在国会得到两党强烈支持的举措，我相信在全国也是如此。
美国人民团结一致，支持乌克兰人民，并且表明，我们不会参与补贴普京的战争。
这是——我们是在与我们的盟国和世界各地的合作伙伴，尤其是欧洲的合作伙伴，密切协商后做出这个决定的，因为对普京的侵略行径做出一致回应一直是我的首要关注，让整个北约和整个欧盟以及我们的盟友完全保持团结一致。
我们在推进实施这项禁令，同时也理解我们的许多欧洲盟国和合作伙伴可能无法加入我们的行列。
美国国内生产的石油远远超过所有欧洲——所有欧洲国家的总和。事实上，我们是一个能源净出口国。所以，我们可以在其它国家做不到的情况下采取这一步骤。
但是，我们正在与欧洲以及我们的合作伙伴密切合作，制定一项长期战略，以减少它们对俄罗斯能源的依赖。
我们的团队正在积极讨论如何实现这一目标。今天，我们保持团结一致——我们对致力于继续对普京及其战争机器不断施加更大压力保持团结一致。
我们采取这一步骤是为了给普京造成进一步创伤。但是，美国也会付出代价。我从一开始就说过，我会对美国人民开诚布公。在第一次谈到这个问题时我就说过，捍卫自由需要付出代价——也会让我们在美国付出代价。
共和党人和民主党人都理解——都同样理解这一点。共和党人和民主党人都明确表示，我们必须这样做。
我在上周与泽连斯基总统多次通话，听他讲述当地局势，并与我们的欧洲盟友协商——就美国对乌克兰和乌克兰人民提供的支持不断进行协商。
到目前为止，我们已向乌克兰提供了超过 10 亿美元的安全援助。每天都有美国的防御性武器运抵乌克兰。并且，是我们在，是美国在协调我们盟国和合作伙的类似武器运输，从德国到芬兰到荷兰。我们正在取得——我们正在——我们正在完成这些安排。
我们也在为乌克兰人民提供人道支持——既为仍在乌克兰的人，也为那些已经安全逃到邻国的人。
我们正在与人道主义组织合作，急速将成千上万吨的食品、用水和医疗用品运到乌克兰，而且将不断送去更多。
上周末，我派布林肯国务卿走访了与波兰、乌克兰以及摩尔多瓦接壤的边界，了解第一手情况并进行汇报。
我们的国防部参谋长联席会议主席米利将军也曾在欧洲，与同等官员和北约东翼盟友会晤，向它们——那些与俄罗斯接壤的国家，北约国家——保证，我们将遵守我们对北约的承诺，即对第五条款 (Article 5) 的神圣承诺。
哈里斯副总统也将于本周晚些时候前往波兰和罗马尼亚，与我们的盟友会晤。
我已经明确表示，美国将分担照顾难民的责任，避免使这些费用完全落在与乌克兰接壤的欧洲国家肩上。
昨天，我与法国、德国和英国的领导人讨论了俄罗斯对乌克兰不断升级的暴力，以及我们将与我们的盟国和世界各地的合作伙伴针对这一侵略行径共同采取的回应措施。
我们正在实施有史以来最重大的一揽子经济制裁，它正在使俄罗斯经济遭受重创。
相当直率地说，它已经导致俄罗斯经济陷入困境。俄罗斯卢布现在已经下跌 50%——自普京宣布发动战争以来下跌了 50%。现在，一卢布的价值还不到一美分。一卢布小于一美分。
并且在阻止俄罗斯中央银行支撑卢布和为其保值。他们现在无法做到这一点。
我们将俄罗斯最大的银行从国际金融体系中剔除，这削弱了它们与世界其它地区开展业务的能力。
此外，我们正在切断俄罗斯获得技术的渠道，如半导体，并削弱其经济实力，使其军事力量今后一蹶不振。
大公司正在从俄罗斯完全撤出，甚至没有被要求——不是我们要求的。上周末，维萨 (Visa)、万事达 (Mastercard)、美国运通 (American Express)都暂停了在俄罗斯的业务。它们全都暂停。
从福特 (Ford)到耐克 (Nike)到苹果 (Apple)，越来越多的美国公司和全球公司都加入了这一行列，暂停了它们在俄罗斯的运作。
美国证券交易所已经停止了许多俄罗斯证券的交易。私营行业共同一致反对俄罗斯恶意的选择性战争。
美国司法部已经成立了专门工作组，追查俄罗斯——俄罗斯寡头们的罪行。
而且，我们正在与我们的欧洲盟友一道，查找并没收他们的游艇、他们的豪华公寓、他们的私人飞机以及他们所有的不义之财，让他们也尝到普京战争的痛苦。
顺便说一下，这些是巨型游艇。你们可以把其中一些在你们的媒体上刊出。我是说，其中一些是——我看到报道说，有一艘长达400多英尺。我的意思是说，它价值数亿美元。
今天的决定并非在国内没有代价。普京的战争已经给美国家庭带来油价伤害。
自从普京开始在乌克兰边境集结军事力量以来，就是从那时开始，美国加油站的油价上涨了 75 美分。随着这一举措的实施，油价还会进一步上升。
我将尽我所能把普京引起的国内价格上涨限制到最低。我们通过与合作伙伴协调，已经宣布从我们的联合石油储备中释放 6000 万桶油。其中一半，300 亿，对不起， 3000万，来自美国。
我们还正在采取措施以保证可靠的全球能源供应。
我们还将继续使用我们可以使用的一切工具来保护美国的家庭和企业。
现在，让我来这样说，对石油和天然气公司以及支持它们的金融公司这样说：我们理解普京对乌克兰人民发动的战争导致了价格上涨。我们知道这一点。这是显而易见的。但是——但是，但是，但是——这并不能成为过度提价或增加利润或以任何做法来借机利用局势或美国——或剥削美国消费者的借口。
俄罗斯的侵略让我们所有人都在付出代价，现在不是牟取暴利或哄抬物价的时候。
我要明确表示什么是我们将不会容忍的，但我也想对那些加入到以身作则的企业行列，正在从俄罗斯撤出的石油和天然气公司表示感谢。
这是一个我们必须各自尽自己的力量并且保证我们不借机图利的时刻。
请允许我澄清另外两点。首先，有关本届政府或其政策要限制国内能源生产的说法根本不属实。它根本不属实。
即使是在疫情期间，美国公司在我上任第一年的石油产量也比在我前任的第一年里要多。
我们正在接近美国石油和天然气产量的创纪录水平，我们有望在明年创石油产量纪录。
在美国，90% 的陆上石油生产是在不属于联邦政府的土地上进行。在其余10% 的联邦土地上，石油和天然气行业租赁了数百万英亩。它们现在拥有 9000 个钻探许可。它们可能现在、昨天、上周、去年就已在钻探。它们有 9000 个已获批准的陆上钻探许可。
所以让我明确一点，让我明确一点：它们目前没有将其用于石油生产。这是它们的决定。这些是事实。我们应当诚实对待事实。
其次，这场危机是一个严峻的提醒：为了长期保护我们的经济，我们需要实现能源独立。
在过去三个月里，我与我们的欧洲朋友们进行了无数次对话，讨论他们必须摆脱俄罗斯——俄罗斯石油。这根本是——这根本是靠不住的。
这应激励我们加快向清洁能源过渡。正如我所说，这是一个与我们的欧洲盟友共有的远景，一个我们共同可以更加独立的未来。
放松环境法规或撤回清洁能源投资不会——让我解释一下——不会——不会给家庭降低能源价格。但是，将我们的经济转变为使用由清洁能源驱动的电动车，并通过提供税收抵免帮助美国家庭为住房采取过冬防寒措施和减少能源消耗，这会大有帮助。
如果我们能够，如果我们做到我们能够做的，那意味着将来人们就不必再担心加油站的价格。
它将意味着，像普京这样的暴君将无法利用化石燃料作为打击其它国家的武器。
而且，它将使美国在世界上成为生产和向全球国家出口未来清洁能源技术的领先国家。
我们应该朝着这个目标快速前进。
在过去两周里，乌克兰人民鼓舞了全世界——我是指名副其实地。他们的勇敢无畏、爱国精神和对自由生活的顽强决心鼓舞了全世界。
普京的战争，普京的战争给乌克兰的妇女、儿童和每一个人都带来了巨大的痛苦和不必要的生命损失——既在乌克兰，而且也对俄罗斯人。
乌克兰领导人以及世界各地的领导人一再呼吁要求停火，要求人道救援，要求进行真正的外交努力。但普京似乎决意不惜一切代价继续他的屠杀之路。
普京现在正在攻击城市，并一直在攻击城市和平民——学校、医院、公寓楼。
上周，他显然无视引发核外泄的可能性，攻击了欧洲最大的核电站。
他已经使200万乌克兰人沦为难民。
俄罗斯可能会继续以可怕的代价步步推进。但这一点已经非常清楚：普京永远不会在乌克兰取得胜利。
普京或许可以占领一座城市，但他永远无法控制这个国家。如果我们今天不对普京对全球和平与稳定的攻击做出回应，自由以及美国人民的代价明天会更高。
因此，我们将继续支持勇敢的乌克兰人民为自己的国家而战。我呼吁国会通过我最近提出的 120 亿美元的乌克兰援助计划。
乌克兰人民在用自己的血肉之躯勇敢表明，他们不会让普京的欲望得逞。这一点很清楚。他们将捍卫自己的自由、民主和生命。
我们将继续提供安全援助、经济援助和人道援助。我们将支持他们对抗暴政、压迫和暴力征服行径。
世界各地的人们——我想你们中的有些人甚至可能感到惊讶——世界各地的人们都在为自由大声疾呼。当这场战争被载入史册时，普京对乌克兰的战争将使俄罗斯变得更加脆弱，而世界其它地区更加强大。
愿上帝保佑乌克兰所有的英雄们。现在我将前往德克萨斯。非常、非常感谢各位。
（记者们交叉谈话）
我知道有很多问题……
问：总统先生，您会切断与俄罗斯的贸易吗？您会切断与俄罗斯的贸易吗？
总统：我知道，我知道有很多问题，但还有很多事情需要理清。我会在获得更多信息以后给你们答复。谢谢你们。多谢。
美国东部标准时间上午 11 点 37 分
 
欲查看原稿内容: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2022/03/08/remarks-by-president-biden-announcing-u-s-ban-on-imports-of-russian-oil-liquefied-natural-gas-and-coal/
本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

Remarks by President Biden Announcing U.S. Ban on Imports of Russian Oil, Liquefied Natural Gas, and Coal
MARCH 08, 2022•SPEECHES AND REMARKS
Roosevelt Room

11:25 A.M. EST
THE PRESIDENT:  Good morning, folks.  Sorry to keep you waiting.  I was on a couple of phone calls.
Today I’m announcing the United States is targeting the main artery of Russia’s economy.
We’re banning all imports of Russian oil and gas and energy.
That means Russian oil will no longer be acceptable at U.S. ports, and the American people will deal another powerful blow to Putin’s war machine.
This is a move that has strong bipartisan support in the Congress and, I believe, in the country.
Americans have rallied support — have rallied to support the Ukrainian people and made it clear we will not be part of subsidizing Putin’s war.
This made — we made this decision in close consultation with our Allies and our partners around the world, particularly in Europe, because a united response to Putin’s aggression has been my overriding focus, to keep all NATO and all of the EU and our allies totally united.
We’re moving forward on this ban, understanding that many of our European Allies and partners may not be in a position to join us.
The United States produces far more oil domestically than all of European — all the European countries combined.  In fact, we’re a net exporter of energy.  So we can take this step when others cannot.
But we’re working closely with Europe and our partners to develop a long-term strategy to reduce their dependence on Russian energy as well.
Our teams are actively discussing how to make this happen.  And today, we remain united — we remain united in our purpose to keep pressure mounting on Putin and his war machine.
This is a step that we’re taking to inflict further pain on Putin.  But there will be costs as well here in the United States.  I said I would level with the American people from the beginning.  And when I first spoke to this, I said defending freedom is going to cost — it’s going to cost us as well, in the United States.
Republicans and Democrats understand — alike understand that.  Republicans and Democrats alike have been clear that we must do this.
Over the last week, I’ve spoken with President Zelenskyy several times to hear from him about the situation on the ground and to consult and continuing to consult with our European allies and — about U.S. support for Ukraine and the Ukrainian people.
Thus far, we’ve provided more than $1 billion in security assistance to Ukraine.  Shipments of defensive weapons are arriving in Ukraine every day from the United States.  And we, the United States, are the ones coordinating the delivery of our Allies and partners of similar weapons, from Germany to Finland to the Netherlands.  We’re accom- — we’re — we’re working that out.
We’re also providing humanitarian support for the Ukrainian people, both those still in Ukraine and those who have fled safely to a neighboring country.
We’re working with humanitarian organizations to surge tens of thousands of tons of food, water, and medical supplies into Ukraine, and with more on the way.
Over the weekend, I sent Secretary Blinken to visit our border between — the border Poland and Ukraine and to Moldova to see what the situation was firsthand and report back.
General Milley, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of our Defense Department, is also — was also in Europe, meeting with his counterparts and Allies on NATO’s eastern flank to reassure them — those countries bordering Russia, NATO countries — that we will keep our NATO commitment — a sacred commitment to Article — of Article 5.
The Vice President Harris is going to be traveling to meet with our allies in Poland and Romania later this week as well.
I’ve made it clear that the United States will share in the responsibility of caring for the refugees so the costs do not fall entirely on the European countries bordering Ukraine.
And yesterday I spoke with my counterparts from France, Germany, and the United Kingdom about Russia’s escalating violence against Ukraine and the steps that we’re going to take together with our Allies and partners around the world to respond to this aggression.
We are enforcing the most significant package of economic sanctions in history, and it’s causing significant damage to Russia’s economy.
It has caused the Russian economy to, quite frankly, crater.  The Russian ruble is now down to 50 percent — by 50 percent since Putin announced his war.  One ruble is now worth less than one American penny.  One ruble is less than one American penny.
And preventing Russia’s Central Bank from propping up the ruble and to keep its value up.  They’re not going to be able to do that now.
We cut Russia’s largest banks from the international financial system, and it’s crippled their ability to do business with the rest of the world.
In addition, we’re choking off Russia’s access to technology, like semiconductors that are — and sap its economic strength and weaken its military for years to come.
Major companies are pulling out of Russia entirely, without even being asked — not by us.  Over the weekend, Visa, Mastercard, American Express — they all suspended their services in Russia.  All of them.
Joining a growing list of American and global companies from Ford to Nike to Apple, they’ve suspended their operations in Russia.
The U.S. stock exchange has halted trading of many Russian securities.  And the private sector is standing united against Russia’s vicious war of choice.
The U.S. Department of Justice has assembled a dedicated task force to go after Russian — the crimes of Russian oligarchs.
And we’re joining with our European allies to find and seize their yachts, their luxury apartments, their private jets, and all their ill-begotten gains to make sure they share in the pain of Putin’s war.
These, by the way, are giant yachts.  You put some of them in your press.  I mean, some of them are — I think I read one was over 400 feet long.  I mean, it’s — this is worth hundreds of millions of dollars.
The decision today is not without cost here at home.  Putin’s war is already hurting American families at the gas pump.
Since Putin began his military buildup on Ukrainian borders, just since then, the price of the gas at the pump in America went up 75 cents.  And with this action, it’s going to go up further.
I’m going to do everything I can to minimize Putin’s price hike here at home.  In coordination with our partners, we’ve already announced that we’re releasing 60 million barrels of oil from our joint oil reserves.  Half of that — 30 billion — million — excuse me — is coming from the United States.
And we’re taking steps to ensure the reliable supply of global energy.
And we’re also going to keep working with every tool at our disposal to protect American families and businesses.
Now, let me — let me say this.  To the oil and gas companies and to the finance firms that back them: We understand Putin’s war against the people of Ukraine is causing prices to rise.  We get that.  That’s self-evident.  But — but, but, but — it’s no excuse to exercise excessive price increases or padding profits or any kind of effort to exploit this situation or Ameri- — or American consumers — exploit them.
Russia’s aggression is costing us all, and it’s no time for profiteering or price gouging.
I want to be clear about what we’ll not tolerate, but I also want to acknowledge those firms in oil and gas industries that are pulling out of Russia and joining other businesses that are leading by example.
This is a time when we have to do our part and make sure we’re not taking — we’re not taking advantage.
Look, let me be clear about two other points.  First, it’s simply not true that my administration or policies are holding back domestic energy production.  That’s simply not true.
Even amid the pandemic, companies in the United States pumped more oil during my first year in office than they did during my predecessor’s first year.
We’re approaching record levels of oil and gas production in the United States, and we’re on track to set a record of oil production next year.
In the United States, 90 percent of onshore oil production takes place on land that isn’t owned by the federal government.  And of the remaining 10 percent that occurs on federal land, the oil and gas industry has millions of acres leased.  They have 9,000 permits to drill now.  They could be drilling right now, yesterday, last week, last year.  They have 9,000 to drill onshore that are already approved.
So let me be clear — let me be clear: They are not using them for production now.  That’s their decision.  These are the facts.  We should be honest about the facts.
Second, this crisis is a stark reminder: To protect our economy over the long term, we need to become energy independent.
I’ve had numerous conversations over the last three months with our European friends of how they have to wean themselves off of Russia — Russian oil.  It’s just not — it’s just not tenable.
It should motivate us to accelerate the transition to clean energy.  This is a perspective, as I said, that our European allies share and the — a future where together we can achieve greater independence.
Loosening environmental regulations or pulling back clean energy investment won’t — let me explain — won’t — will not lower energy prices for families.  But transforming our economy to run on electric vehicles powered by clean energy with tax credits to help American families winterize their homes and use less energy, that will — that will help.
And if we can — if we do what we can, it will mean that no one has to worry about the price at the gas pump in the future.
That’ll mean tyrants like Putin won’t be able to use fossil fuels as weapons against other nations.
And it will make America a world leader manufacturing and exporting clean energy technologies of the future to countries all around the world.
This is the goal we should be racing toward.
Over the last two weeks, the Ukrainian people have inspired the world — and I mean that in a literal sense.  They’ve inspired the world with their bravery, their patriotism, their defiant determination to live free.
Putin’s war — Putin’s war has caused enormous suffering and needless loss of life of women, children, everyone in Ukraine — both Ukraine and, I might add, Russians.
Ukrainian leaders, as well as leaders around the world, have repeatedly called for a ceasefire, for humanitarian relief, for real diplomacy.  But Putin seems determined to continue on his murderous path no matter the cost.
Putin is now targeting cities and has been targeting cities and civilians — schools, hospitals, apartment buildings.
Last week, he attacked the largest nuclear power plant in Europe, with an apparent disregard for the potential of triggering a nuclear meltdown.
He has already turned 2 million Ukrainians into refugees.
Russia may continue to grind out its advance at a horrible price, but this much is already clear: Ukraine will never be a victory for Putin.
Putin may be able to take a city, but he’ll never be able to hold the country.  And if we do not respond to Putin’s assault on global peace and stability today, the cost of freedom and to the American people will be even greater tomorrow.
So we’re going to continue to support the brave Ukrainian people as they fight for their country.  And I call on Congress to pass the $12 billion Ukraine assistance package that I have asked them for of late.
The Ukrainian people are demonstrating by their physical courage that they are not about to just let Putin take what he wants.  That’s clear.  They’ll defend their freedom, their democracy, their lives.
And we’re going to keep providing security assistance, economic assistance, and humanitarian assistance.  We’re going to support them against tyranny, oppression, violent acts of subjugation.
People everywhere — and I think it’s maybe even surprised some of you all — people everywhere are speaking up for freedom.  And when the history of this war is written, Putin’s war on Ukraine will have left Russia weaker and the rest of the world stronger.
May God bless all those heroes of Ukraine.  And now I’m off to Texas.  Thank you very, very much.
(Cross-talk by reporters.)
I know there’s a lot of que- —
Q    Mr. President, will you cut off trade with Russia? Will you cut off trade with Russia?
THE PRESIDENT:  I know — I know there’s a lot of questions, but there’s a lot more that has to be made clear.  And I’m going to hold on that until we get more information.  Thank you.  Appreciate it.
11:37 A.M. EST
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