Secretary of State Mike Pompeo delivers a speech in Santiago, Chile, Friday, April 12, 2019, kicking off a four-country tour of Latin America. Pompeo said Friday that China’s financing of President Nicolás Maduro’s government is prolonging the crisis in Venezuela. (AP Photo/Luis Hidalgo) 
 
讲话 国务卿 迈克尔·R·蓬佩奥 卡萨彼德拉 智利维塔库拉
2019年4月12日
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特朗普行政当局认为，我们两国和美洲其他地区有一个难以置信的机会，有机会真正为所有这一半球的全体人民巩固一个民主、繁荣的未来。这不是一个不可能的梦想，虽然几年前我们可能不相信它。今天我们所有人都可以。这并不是说它必然会发生。我们将有工作要做。但机会是我们的，要么共同把握，要么共同浪费。
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看看吧，看看智利和其他国家已经发生的变化，这些变化曾经是不可想象的。智利实现了向一个民主国家的和平过渡，并拥抱了竞争、自由市场和资本主义。智利捍卫透明度。智利的角色是领导者——智利人做到了所有这一切。
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许多国家，这片大陆上的许多国家正在效仿智利的榜样。在一代人以前，许多南美国家曾经是军事独裁国家。
甚至在这些政权终结之后，这片大陆上的许多民主政体都曾背负着腐败的领导层。
嗯，这种情况已不复存在。
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在其他地方，特朗普总统已经对他称之为拉丁美洲的“新的一天”表示了称赞，他已经通过在贸易领域为我们所有人引领道路表明了他的认真态度。
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如果你最近一直在听，你已经看到特朗普行政当局关于中国带来的风险说了许多。
毋庸质疑，中国是智利的重要贸易伙伴，也是美国的重要贸易伙伴。特朗普总统一直在努力确保我们与中国的贸易是公平和对等的。但你应该知道这里有个问题。
但问题是，当中国在拉丁美洲这样的地方做生意时，它往往会在经济血液中注入腐蚀性资本，从而催生腐败并破坏善治。
你在这一地区厄瓜多尔丛林中的科卡科多–辛克莱水电站非常清楚地看到了这一点。（听不清）建造者是——抱歉——是在前任行政当局下由中国建造，这座水电站本该解决厄瓜多尔的能源需求并帮助拯救这一国家，使其摆脱贫困。
但是当然，我们知道这个故事的结局。该水电站如今产能仅半。用来制造这座水电站的钢材满是裂缝，而且有事故发生。几乎每一位参与了该水电站建设的高级官员都因贿赂指控而被监禁或判刑。
这一项目包括超过190亿美元的中国贷款作为抵押品。作为交换，中国以折扣价得到了厄瓜多尔80％的石油，然后对这些石油进行了转售以获取利润。这对我来说不像是一个可靠的伙伴。我相信它对你来说也不像是一个可靠的伙伴。
厄瓜多尔能源部长曾经直言不讳地说到此事。引用他的话说，“中国的战略很明确。他们对其他国家进行经济控制。”我们很高兴，事实上令我们激动不已的是，莫雷诺总统的行政当局已经迅速采取行动来对那些对自己的人民造成如此巨大伤害的责任人定罪。
美国会始终鼓励拉美伙伴避免这些债务交易陷阱。
同样想想看委内瑞拉。今天我与皮涅拉总统详细谈论了这个话题。中国对马杜罗政权的资助帮助了促成并延长该国的危机。中国投资超过600亿美元——600亿美元——没有任何附加条件。嗯，不足为奇的是，马杜罗将这笔钱用在了诸如用钱打发亲信、镇压支持民主的活动家和资助无效的社会计划等任务上。你们大家都知道——比美国任何人都更清楚——这一做法毁灭性的、破坏性的结果。
我认为这里有一个教训，一个有待我们所有人学习的教训：中国和其他方正在虚伪地呼吁不干涉委内瑞拉的事务。他们自己的财政干预已经帮助摧毁这个国家。
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但好消息是，对我们所有人来说好消息是南美洲国家正在抵制这一外部干预。美洲开发银行在庆祝成立60周年之际取消了它在成都的会议。它这么做——它这么做的根本原因是因为中国拒绝向委内瑞拉的胡安·瓜伊多的官方代表发放签证。
像巴拉圭一样的国家——同时，像巴拉圭一样的国家正在通过支持一个民主的台湾来捍卫他们自己的利益和信仰。
而利马集团国家——他们是如何奋起抗争的，我说也说不完。他们正在看清俄罗斯和古巴的真实面目。他们反对中国在联合国庇护委内瑞拉的马杜罗的努力。
也许最好的消息是所有这些大胆的举措代表着一种根本的转变——一种地区领导力的根本转变。在那些自愿采取行动在整个这一半球支持和平、支持繁荣和自由的国家，这构成了一种趋势。
另外一个很棒的例子是在智利，还有哥伦比亚：你们各国帮助建立了一个叫做Prosur的新区域一体化论坛。
既没有官僚主义也没有顽固的意识形态，它将有助于在基础设施以及医疗卫生还有自然灾害管理领域的合作。这对于该区域是重要的一步。
上个月，皮涅拉总统主办了南美洲国家元首五年来的首次聚会。美国称赞他采取这极其重要的一步。
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对于伪装的朋友，南美洲已经真的看得更加清楚并且更加谨慎。中国、俄罗斯——他们正出现在家门口，但是一旦他们登堂入室，我们就会知道债务陷阱。他们将使用债务陷阱，他们将无视规则，而且他们将在你的家里传播混乱。幸好，南美洲，你们所有人没有上当。你们应该知道美国将站在你们身后。

Remarks Michael R. Pompeo Secretary of StateCasa PiedraVitacura, Chile
April 12, 2019
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The Trump administration believes that our two nations and the rest of the Americas have an incredible opportunity, the chance truly to cement a future of democracy, prosperity for all of the people of all of this hemisphere. It’s not an impossible dream, although a few years ago we might not have believed it. Today we all can. Nor is it a forgone conclusion that it will take place. We’ll have work to do. But the chance is ours collectively to seize or to squander.
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Just look, just look at the once unthinkable changes that have taken place in Chile and other countries. Chile made the transition peacefully to a democratic nation and embraced competition, free markets, and capitalism. Chile champions transparency. Chile is a leader in the role – Chileans did all of that.
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Many countries, many countries on this continent, are following Chile’s example. A generation ago, many South American countries were military dictatorships.
And even after those regimes ended, many of the continent’s democracies were saddled with corrupt leadership.
Well, that’s no longer the case.
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Elsewhere, President Trump has praised what he called a “new day” in Latin America, and he has shown that he means it by leading the way on trade for all of us.
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If you’ve been listening recently, you have watched the Trump administration speak quite a bit about the risks that China presents.
Make no mistake, China is an important trade partner for Chile, for the United States as well. President Trump’s been working hard to make sure our trade with China is fair and reciprocal. But you should know there is a problem.
The problem, though, is when China does business in places like Latin America, it often injects corrosive capital into the economic bloodstream, giving life to corruption and eroding good governance.
You saw this quite clearly here in the region at the Coca Codo Sinclair dam in the jungles of Ecuador. (Inaudible) and built by – excuse me – built by China under a previous administration, the dam was supposed to solve Ecuador’s energy needs and help save the country and keep them out of poverty.
But of course we know how this story ends. The dam now runs to half capacity. The steel used to make it is full of cracks and there are accidents. Nearly every top official that was involved in the dam’s construction is either imprisoned or sentenced on bribery charges.
The project included over $19 billion in Chinese loans as collateral. China, in exchange, received 80 percent of Ecuador’s oil at a discount and then resold that oil to make a profit. This does not seem like a reliable partner to me. I am confident that it does not seem like a reliable partner to you either.
It was the Ecuadorian energy minister who put it quite bluntly. He said, quote, “The strategy of China is clear. They take economic control of countries.” We’re glad, indeed we’re thrilled, that President Moreno’s administration has taken swift action to convict those responsible for doing so much harm to their own people.
The United States will always encourage Latin American partners to avoid these debt deal traps.
Also consider Venezuela. I spoke with President Pinera at length about this today. China’s bankrolling of the Maduro regime helped precipitate and prolong the crisis in that country. China invested over $60 billion – $60 billion – with no strings attached. Well, it’s no surprise that Maduro used the money to use for tasks like paying off cronies, crushing pro-democracy activists, and funding ineffective social programs. And you all know, better than anyone in America could know, the crushing, devastating results of that.
I think there’s a lesson, a lesson to be learned for all of us: China and others are being hypocritical calling for non-intervention in Venezuela’s affairs. Their own financial interventions have helped destroy that country.
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But the good news is, the good news for all of us, is that South American countries are pushing back against this external meddling. The Inter-American Development Bank, celebrating its 60th anniversary, canceled its meeting in Chengdu. It did this – it did this for the basic reason that China had refused to grant a visa to Venezuelan Juan Guido’s official representative.
Countries like Paraguay – countries like Paraguay, meanwhile, are staffing[1] up for their own interests and beliefs by supporting a democratic Taiwan.
And the Lima Group countries – I cannot say enough about how they have stood up. They’re seeing Russia and Cuba for what they truly are. They were opposed to China’s efforts at the United Nations to protect Maduro in Venezuela.
Perhaps the best news is that all of these bold steps represent a fundamental shift – a fundamental shift in regional leadership. It’s part of a trend in countries that have voluntarily stepped up to support peace, to support prosperity and freedom throughout this hemisphere.
Another great example in Chile, along with Colombia: Each of you helped launch a new regional integration forum called Prosur.
Free of both bureaucracy and inflexible ideology, it will facilitate cooperation in areas of infrastructure and healthcare and management of natural disasters. This is an important step for this region.
Last month, President Pinera hosted the first gathering of South American heads of state in five years. The United States commends him for taking this incredibly important step.
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South America has truly become more clear-eyed and more wary of its pretended friends. China, Russia – they’re showing up at the doorstep, but once they enter the house, we know the debt traps. They will use debt traps, they will disregard rules, and they will spread disorder in your home. Thankfully, you all, South America, is not buying it. You should know that the United States will stand behind you.
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