美国国务院
发言人办公室
2023年2月24日
纽约州纽约市
 
安东尼·布林肯国务卿在联合国安理会乌克兰问题部长级会议上的讲话
 
布林肯国务卿：主席先生，秘书长先生，各位理事会成员：
 
一年零一周前的2022年2月17日，我在这个理事会发出警示：俄罗斯计划入侵乌克兰。
 
我说，俄罗斯将制造借口，然后使用导弹、坦克、士兵、网络攻击等手段，打击预先确定
的目标，包括基辅在内，妄图推翻乌克兰民主选举产生的政府。
 
俄罗斯代表——今天也将发言的同一位代表——称这些警示是“毫无根据的指控”。
 
七天后的2022年2月24日，俄罗斯发动了全面入侵。
 
由于乌克兰保卫者的顽强抵抗，普京总统妄图征服乌克兰、结束其作为一个独立国家的存在并将其吞并入俄罗斯的首要目的没有得逞。
 
然后，他重演2014年克里米亚的故伎：在乌克兰四个被俄罗斯占领的地区举行了快速公投，驱逐了乌克兰人，用巴士运来俄罗斯人，在枪口下举行虚假投票，然后操纵投票结果，声称加入俄罗斯联邦几乎得到了全体支持。
 
当普京总统无法击垮乌克兰军队时，他变本加厉地试图击垮乌克兰人的精神。在过去一年中，俄罗斯已经杀害了数万名乌克兰男女老少，使超过1300万人流离失所，摧毁了该国一半以上的能源供应网，轰炸了700多家医院和2600多所学校，绑架了至少6000名乌克兰儿童——其中一些年仅4个月——并将他们转送到俄罗斯。
 
然而，乌克兰人的精神并未被击垮，反而比以往更坚强。
 
当乌克兰发起反攻，重新夺回大片本国领土时，普京总统又征召了30万人入伍——把越来越多的俄罗斯年轻人扔进他自己制造的绞肉机。他还任用瓦格纳集团（Wagner Group），其雇佣兵的暴行遍及非洲和中东，现在又在践踏乌克兰。
 
当然，这并非过去一年的全部情况。
 
还有乌克兰人民的历程。在敌众我寡的情况下，他们为捍卫自己的国家、自由及决定自
己未来的权利进行了英勇的斗争。他们表现出令人鼓舞的团结，互相帮助，抵御莫斯科
的肆意进攻。
 
教师和社区成员在掩体里给孩子上课。城市工人就地取材临时修补被破坏的设施，恢复供
暖、供电和供水。街坊邻里设立救济厨房为饥饿的人提供食物。
 
还有国际社会如何团结一致的历程。
 
绝大多数成员国已多次投票谴责俄罗斯违反《联合国宪章》，反对俄罗斯企图非法占领乌克兰领土的行为。昨天，141个国家在联合国大会上投票通过一项决议，重申国家主权和领土完整的核心原则，谴责俄罗斯的暴行，表示支持按照《联合国宪章》实现公正和全面和平。
 
当普京总统力图把饥饿作为武器——把自联合国成立以来最严重的全球粮食危机当作可趁之机——国际社会迅速作出回应。
 
自从去年五月美国主持的一个粮食安全会议以来，100多个国家加入了旨在减轻饥饿的一系列具体承诺。在很大程度上由古特雷斯秘书长和土耳其的努力而达成的黑海谷物倡议（Black Sea Grain Initiative），使俄罗斯放松了对乌克兰港口的封锁，全球粮食价格下降。现在，面对俄罗斯再次试图钳制出口，我们必须确保该倡议得到延长和扩大。
 
当普京总统试图把能源武器化时，我们对全球的天然气供应作出重新调运，使受俄罗斯打击的国家的人民能够温暖过冬。欧洲采取了非常措施，以结束对俄罗斯能源的依赖。
 
没有一个国家遭受到比乌克兰更大的俄罗斯战争造成的苦难，但是几乎每一个国家都感受到痛苦。然而，世界各地国家继续支持乌克兰，因为我们都认识到，如果我们放弃乌克兰，就是放弃联合国自身的《宪章》以及让所有国家更安全和更有保障的原则和规则。
 
不得以武力夺取土地。
 
不得取消另一个国家的边界。
 
不得在战争中攻击平民。
 
不得发动侵略战争。
 
如果我们不捍卫这些基本原则，我们就是在怂恿一个可能将恃强凌弱视为理所当然的世界。那个世界是成立这个机构所致力于结束的世界。本安理会的成员具有特殊的责任，确保不让我们回到那样的世界。我们可以通过三个途径做到这点。
 
第一，我们必须努力争取公正与持久的和平。
 
我预期许多国家今天会呼吁和平。
 
没有任何人比乌克兰人民更想要和平。美国早已明确表示——甚至在这场战争之前——我们随时准备通过任何有意义的外交努力，制止俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵犯。
 
但历史告诉我们，和平的性质很重要。
 
要获得公正的和平，就必须维护《联合国宪章》的核心原则：主权、领土完整、独立。
 
要获得持久的和平，就必须确保俄罗斯不是仅作歇息，重新武装，并在数月或数年内重新发动战争。
 
任何将俄罗斯以武力霸占的土地合法化的和平都将削弱宪章，并向各地未来的侵略者发出一个信息，那就是，他们可以侵略他国而不受惩罚。
 
泽连斯基总统提出了一个实现公正和持久和平的十点方案。与此相反，普京总统表明，除非乌克兰接受——我引述原话——“新领土现实”，否则毫无可谈，并同时将其残酷战术变本加厉。
 
本安理会成员具有确保使一切和平公正而持久的根本责任。
 
安理会成员不应受临时或无条件停火要求的蒙蔽。俄罗斯将利用任何作战间隙，巩固其对非法夺取的领土的控制，并为进一步发动进攻补充兵力。这是俄罗斯在2015年冻结其对乌克兰的第一次攻击时所发生的情况。看看随继而来的是什么。
 
本安理会成员不应陷入虚伪的等同，即呼吁双方均结束战斗，或者以和平的名义呼吁其他国家停止支持乌克兰。
 
本安理会的任何成员都不应在呼吁和平的同时，支持俄罗斯对乌克兰和对《联合国宪章》的战争。
 
在这场战争中，有侵略者，也有受害者。
 
俄罗斯为征服而战。乌克兰为自由而战。
 
如果俄罗斯停止战斗并撤离乌克兰，战争就会结束。如果乌克兰停止战斗，乌克兰就会终结。
 
事实仍然是：有一个人——弗拉基米尔·普京——发动了这场战争；这个人也可以结束战争。
 
其次，就在我们努力终结俄罗斯对乌克兰的战争时，安理会成员国也必须继续应对国际和平与安全所面临的其他挑战。
 
我们听到一些国家表示关切，他们担心与乌克兰站在一起并追究俄罗斯的责任会分散其他需要帮助的国家的注意力和资源。
 
对于这些国家，我只想说，请看我们的行动。
 
当你们听到俄罗斯及其辩护者指责支持乌克兰的国家无视世界其他地区时——我要说请看看莫斯科的所作所为。
 
请对比一下有关数字。美国除了去年为抗击饥饿提供135亿美元粮食援助外，我们还为世界粮食计划署40%以上的预算提供了资金。而俄罗斯的贡献还不到这项预算的1%。
 
这并非不同寻常。根据最新的联合国数据，美国对联合国维和行动的捐助是俄罗斯的九倍多。我们向联合国儿童基金会提供的款项是俄罗斯的390倍。我们给联合国难民署的资金几乎是俄罗斯的1000倍。
 
第三，我们必须重申我们对维护《联合国宪章》所说的——我引用原文——“人格尊严与价值”的承诺。
 
我们必须继续收集俄罗斯不断犯下的大规模暴行的证据，其中包括处决、酷刑、强奸和性暴力，以及将数以千计的乌克兰平民驱逐到俄罗斯。
 
我们必须继续记录俄罗斯的战争罪行及反人类罪行，并将这些证据提供给调查人员和检察人员，以便有一天能对犯下罪行的人追究责任。
 
俄罗斯日复一日的暴行很可能让我们对恐怖变得麻木，失去我们感到震惊和愤怒的能力。但我们绝不能让俄罗斯正在犯下的罪行成为我们的新常态。
 
布查惨案绝非正常。马里乌波尔惨案绝非正常。伊尔平惨案绝非正常。将学校、医院和公寓楼炸成瓦砾绝非正常。将乌克兰儿童从他们的家人那里偷走并交给俄罗斯人绝非正常。
 
我们绝不能让普京总统对人类生命的冷酷无情让我们也变得冷漠。
 
我们必须牢牢谨记，在这场悲惨的战争中以及在世界各地的冲突中，每一次暴行的背后都有一个活生生的人。
 
我最近参观了一个受战争影响的乌克兰儿童的艺术作品展。
 
我看到了一幅名叫维罗尼卡（Veronika）的10岁女孩画的画。去年四月，俄罗斯军队炮击了她在武赫莱达（Vuhledar）的家，杀害了她的全家。当急救人员把她从瓦砾中挖出来时，一块弹片卡在了她的头骨中。她的左手拇指被撕断了。医生救了她的命，但这次袭击导致她的右手基本瘫痪，左眼也看不见东西。
 
在她的画作中，维罗妮卡身穿亮粉色和橙色相间的连衣裙，手捧一束鲜花。一座建筑物矗立在她身旁。当被问及谁住在那里时，她说那里是她认识的所有在战争中罹难的人的安全之所。
 
《联合国宪章》开宗明义：“我联合国人民同兹决心欲免后世再遭……惨不堪言之战祸……”
 
安理会各位成员：现在是兑现承诺的时候了。在乌克兰有很多人和那个叫维罗尼卡的小女孩都想拥有同样的东西：一个让他们能在自己的国家中和平生活并保障他们所爱的人的安全的世界。
 
我们有能力，也有责任为今天和子孙后代创造这样的世界。我们不能——我们将不会——听任某个国家摧毁它。
 
谢谢。
 
欲查看原稿内容: https://www.state.gov/secretary-blinkens-remarks-at-the-united-nations-security-council-ministerial-meeting-on-ukraine/
 
本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

REMARKS
ANTONY J. BLINKEN, SECRETARY OF STATE
UNITED NATIONS
NEW YORK, N.Y.
FEBRUARY 24, 2023
SECRETARY BLINKEN:  Mr.  President, Mr.  Secretary-General, fellow council members:
One year and one week ago – on February 17th, 2022 – I warned this council that Russia was planning to invade Ukraine.
I said that Russia would manufacture a pretext, and then use missiles, tanks, soldiers, cyber attacks to strike pre-identified targets, including Kyiv, with the aim of toppling Ukraine’s democratically elected government.
Russia’s representative – the same representative who will speak today – called these, and I quote, “groundless accusations.”
Seven days later, on February 24th, 2022, Russia launched its full-scale invasion.
Due to fierce resistance by Ukraine’s defenders, President Putin failed in his primary objective to conquer Ukraine, end its existence as an independent country, and absorb it into Russia.
Then, he dusted off his Crimea playbook from 2014: He called snap referenda in four occupied parts of Ukraine, deported Ukrainians, bussed in Russians, held sham votes at gunpoint, and then manipulated the results to claim near unanimous support for joining the Russian Federation.
When President Putin couldn’t break the Ukrainian military, he intensified efforts to break Ukrainians’ spirit.  Over the last year, Russia has killed tens of thousands of Ukrainian men, women, and children; uprooted more than 13 million people from their homes; destroyed more than half of the country’s energy grid; bombed more than 700 hospitals, 2,600 schools; and abducted at least 6,000 Ukrainian children – some as young as four months old – and relocated them to Russia.
And yet, the spirit of the Ukrainians remains unbroken; if anything, it’s stronger than ever.
When Ukraine launched a counteroffensive that retook large swaths of its territory, President Putin conscripted an additional 300,000 men – throwing more and more of Russia’s young people into a meat grinder of his own making.  And he unleashed the Wagner Group – mercenaries who have committed atrocities from Africa to the Middle East, and now, in Ukraine.
Of course, that’s not the whole story of the last year.
There is also the story of Ukraine’s people.  Vastly outnumbered, they have fought bravely to defend their nation, their freedom, the right to determine their own future.  And they’ve demonstrated inspiring unity in helping one another endure Moscow’s relentless assault.
Teachers and community members give classes in bunkers to children.  City workers improvise patches to restore heat and power and water to residents.  Neighbors set up soup kitchens to feed the hungry.
There’s also the story of how the international community has come together.
The vast majority of member-states have voted multiple times to condemn Russia’s violations of the UN Charter and reject its illegal attempt to seize Ukrainian territory.  Yesterday, 141 countries voted in the General Assembly for a resolution that reaffirms the core principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity, denounces Russia’s atrocities, expresses support for a just and comprehensive peace, in accordance with the United Nations Charter.
When President Putin tried to weaponize hunger – exploiting the worst global food crisis since the creation of the UN – the international community responded swiftly.
Since the United States chaired a Food Security meeting last May, more than 100 countries have signed onto a set of concrete commitments to alleviate hunger.  Thanks in large part to the Secretary-General Guterres and Türkiye, the Black Sea Grain Initiative loosened Russia’s stranglehold on Ukraine’s ports and brought down the cost of grain for the world.  Now, as Moscow again tries to throttle its output, we have to ensure that that initiative is extended and expanded.
When President Putin tried to weaponize energy, we redirected natural gas supplies from across the world, so that countries Russia targeted could keep their people warm in the winter.  And Europe took extraordinary steps to end its dependence on Russian energy.
No country has endured greater hardship from Russia’s war than Ukraine, but almost every country has felt the pain.  And yet, nations around the world continue to stand with Ukraine.  Because we all recognize that if we abandon Ukraine, we abandon the UN Charter itself, and the principles and rules that make all countries safer and more secure.
No seizing land by force.
No erasing another country’s borders.
No targeting civilians in war.
No wars of aggression.
If we do not defend these basic principles, we invite a world in which might makes right, the strong dominate the weak.  That’s the world this body was created to end.  And members of this council have a unique responsibility to make sure that we do not return to it.  We can do that in three ways.
First, we must push for a just and durable peace.
Now I expect that many countries will call for peace today.
No one wants peace more than the Ukrainian people.  And the United States has long made clear – even before this war – that we’re prepared to engage in any meaningful diplomatic effort to stop Russia’s aggression against Ukraine.
But history teaches us that it’s the nature of peace that matters.
For peace to be just, it must uphold the principles at the heart of the UN Charter: sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence.
For peace to be durable, it must ensure that Russia can’t simply rest, rearm, and relaunch the war in a few months or a few years.
Any peace that legitimizes Russia’s seizure of land by force will weaken the charter and send a message to would-be aggressors everywhere that they can invade countries and get away with it.
President Zelenskyy has put forward a ten-point plan for a just and durable peace.  President Putin, by contrast, has made clear that there is nothing to talk about until Ukraine accepts, and I quote, “the new territorial realities,” while doubling down on his brutal tactics.
Members of this council have a fundamental responsibility to ensure that any peace is just and durable.
Council members should not be fooled by calls for a temporary or unconditional ceasefire.  Russia will use any pause in fighting to consolidate control over the territory it’s illegally seized and replenish its forces for further attacks.  That’s what happened when Russia’s first assault on Ukraine froze in 2015.  Look at what followed.
And members of this council should not fall into the false equivalency of calling on both sides to stop fighting, or calling on other nations to stop supporting Ukraine in the name of peace.
No member of this council should call for peace while supporting Russia’s war on Ukraine and on the UN Charter.
In this war, there is an aggressor and there is a victim.
Russia fights for conquest.  Ukraine fights for its freedom.
If Russia stops fighting and leaves Ukraine, the war ends.  If Ukraine stops fighting, Ukraine ends.
The fact remains:  One man – Vladimir Putin – started this war; one man can end it.
Second, even as we work to end Russia’s war against Ukraine, members of this council must continue to address other challenges to international peace and security.
We hear the concerns of countries who worry that standing with Ukraine and holding Russia accountable is diverting focus and resources from others in need.
To those countries, I would say, simply, look at our actions.
And when you hear Russia and its defenders accuse the countries who support Ukraine of ignoring the rest of the world – I say look at Moscow’s actions.
Compare the numbers.  In addition to the $13.5 billion in food aid that the United States contributed to fight hunger over the last year, we also fund more than 40 percent of the World Food Program’s budget.  Russia contributes less than 1 percent of that budget.
That’s not an outlier.  Based on the latest UN figures, the United States donates over nine times as much as Russia to UN peacekeeping.  We donate 390 times as much as Russia to UNICEF.  We give nearly a thousand times as much as Russia to the UN Refugee Agency.
Third, we must reaffirm our commitment to upholding what the UN Charter calls, and I quote, “the dignity and worth of the human person.”
We must continue to compile evidence of Russia’s ongoing and widespread atrocities, including executions; torture; rape and sexual violence; the deportation of thousands of Ukrainian civilians to Russia.
We must continue to document Russia’s war crimes and crimes against humanity, and share this evidence with investigators and prosecutors, so that one day, the perpetrators can be held accountable.
Day after day of Russia’s atrocities, it’s easy to become numb to the horror, to lose our ability to feel shock and outrage.  But we can never let the crimes Russia is committing become our new normal.
Bucha is not normal.  Mariupol is not normal.  Irpin is not normal.  Bombing schools and hospitals and apartment buildings to rubble is not normal.  Stealing Ukrainian children from their families and giving them to people in Russia is not normal.
We must not let President Putin’s callous indifference to human life become our own.
We must force ourselves to remember that behind every atrocity in this wretched war, in conflicts around the world, is a human being.
I recently visited an exhibit of artwork made by Ukrainian children affected by the war.
One painting I saw was made by a ten-year-old girl named Veronika.  Last April, Russian forces shelled her home in Vuhledar, killing her whole family.  When first responders dug her from the rubble, a piece of shrapnel was lodged in her skull.  Her left thumb had been ripped off.  Doctors saved her life, but the attack left her right hand mostly paralyzed, and she can’t see out of her left eye.
In her painting, Veronika drew herself in a bright pink and orange dress, holding a bouquet of flowers.  A building stands next to her.  When asked who lived there, she said it was a place where all the people she knew who had been killed in the war could be safe.
“We the peoples of the United Nations determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war…” That’s how the UN Charter begins.
Fellow members of this council:  Now is the time to meet that promise.  There are so many people in Ukraine who want the same thing as that little girl, Veronika: a world where they can live in peace, in their own country, and keep the people they love safe.
We have the power, we have the responsibility to create that world, today and for generations to come.  We cannot – we will not – let one country destroy it.
Thank you.