美国国务院
发言人办公室
2022年12月6日
 
国务卿安东尼·布林肯、国防部长劳埃德·奥斯汀、澳大利亚外交部长黄英贤和澳大利亚副总理兼国防部长理查德·马勒斯在联合新闻发布会上的讲话
 
美国国务院迪安·艾奇逊礼堂
华盛顿特区
 
[摘译]
 
布林肯国务卿：……70多年前，《澳新美条约》（ANZUS Treaty）开启了我们加强太平洋地区和平架构的共同努力。我们今天的讨论表明，这项正在继续认真进行的工作，不仅惠及澳大利亚、美国和印太地区的人民，也惠及世界人民。这是我们举行的第32次磋商。这样的会议持续了如此之久，表明了澳美联盟的持久重要性。它超越了党派。长期以来，这一联盟在美国一直获得两党强有力的支持。它涉及到我们两国人民面临的广泛及深刻的问题，反映出我们之间的关系未来只会继续深化。
 
以我们在气候危机方面的工作为例。气候危机对我们两国人民和世界各地人民的生存构成威胁，需要采取真正的全球性措施应对。今年秋初，澳大利亚加入了我们的《清洁能源需求倡议》（Clean Energy Demand Initiative），该倡议将公司企业和各个国家汇集在一起，为清洁能源转型提供动力。已有九家美国公司承诺投资至少22亿美元，帮助澳大利亚升级清洁能源基础设施。再以《蓝色太平洋伙伴》（Partners in the Blue Pacific）为例，这项新倡议旨在与太平洋岛国合作，实现我们共同的愿景，即建立一个有复原力、包容和繁荣的太平洋地区。
 
我们合作从事这项工作的方式之一是实施一项重点计划，在整个地区内能够确保安全的地点事先存放人道主义救援物资，以便太平洋诸岛更有效地防备及应对任何灾难。
 
今天，我们讨论了共同努力应对普京总统对乌克兰发动的野蛮战争以及支持乌克兰能源部门抵御俄罗斯攻击的问题。我们感谢澳大利亚与美国协调实施制裁的努力——以及通过乌克兰防务联络小组（Ukraine Defense Contact Group）与我们共同开展的工作，我们正在通过该小组协调援助行动。
 
澳大利亚在支持乌克兰捍卫国土方面也表现出非凡的慷慨，提供了超过4.4亿美元的军事和人道主义援助。
 
我们还通过历史悠久的多边组织尤其是东盟（ASEAN）来开展合作。我们两国都承诺支持东盟的中心地位，同时我们努力振兴其他机构，以发挥互补优势以及我们的盟友和合作伙伴的优势。
 
在四方伙伴关系中，我们与印度和日本一道，正在推进一个开放和自由的印太地区的共同愿景。 其中一个关键部分是确保商品和信息能在整个地区自由流动。就在上周，在悉尼举行的“四国技术商业和投资论坛”（Quad Technology Business and Investment Forum）上，我们四国私营部门和学术界的领袖一起讨论了新的合作方式，以支持人工智能和生物技术等新兴技术，确保这些技术维护我们的民主价值观。
 
5月，我们与占全球GDP超过40%的其他13个志同道合的合作伙伴共同发起了印太经济繁荣框架（Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity），这是建立一个自由、开放、安全及具有复原力的地区的积极平等的经济愿景。印太经济繁荣框架将帮助我们各国推进一系列优先事项，例如打击腐败、促进劳工权利和数字经济的高标准贸易条款、加速清洁能源转型、对供应链中断问题做好准备并予以应对。下周，当印太经济繁荣框架合作伙伴在布里斯班（Brisbane）举行会议讨论这些优先事项时，我们将看到这种合作的实际效力。
 
今天，我们还讨论了如何继续推进澳英美（AUKUS）伙伴关系，这是澳大利亚、英国和美国之间建立的至关重要的安全伙伴关系。我们三个国家为在澳大利亚获得核动力潜艇的同时遵守不扩散最高标准方面取得了重大进展。我们致力于尽早履行这一承诺。
 
我们还深化在其他一些关键领域的合作，其中包括网络、人工智能、量子技术和水下能力，这将帮助我们在未来确保我们的技术优势和我们的安全。我们正在加快把我们在欧洲和亚洲、大西洋地区以及整个太平洋地区的各个联盟联合在一起，因为这些联盟所面临的挑战和威胁越来越密切相关，而且当我们并肩努力时，我们会更有成效。
 
我们还讨论了应对中华人民共和国对基于规则的国际秩序所构成的挑战的工作，这些挑战包括试图扰乱南中国海的航行自由，试图单方面改变现状及破坏台湾海峡的和平与稳定，以及试图通过经济胁迫恐吓其他国家。澳大利亚对这些企图并不陌生，我们重申将与澳大利亚站在一起，反对这些施压手段。
 
我们还同意有必要负责任地管理与中国的关系，以确保竞争不会演变成冲突，并找到可以合作的领域——例如气候和全球卫生领域——这将有利于我们两国人民和世界各国人民。
 
纵观我们关系的广度和深度，对我来说，最令人兴奋的部分之一是我们的研究人员和科学家共同开发领先技术而建立起来的蓬勃发展的科学伙伴关系。今年早些时候，我有幸参观了墨尔本大学（University of Melbourne）的生物医学项目。我们有像Illumina和IBM这样的美国公司正在进行基因组学研究并加速量子计算的进展。当我抵达澳大利亚时，莫德纳（Moderna）公司刚宣布在墨尔本开设一家mRNA疫苗生产设施，这是他们在南半球开设的第一个此类设施。
 
这些都是有助于塑造21世纪的尖端问题。澳大利亚和美国之间的合作正在帮助引领方向。回顾我们两国的历史，澳美关系始终如一地发展、成长，并最终为两国人民造福；使他们的生活更安全、更有保障、更加繁荣。今天的澳大利亚-美国部长级磋商（AUSMIN ）是朝着为所有人建设更美好未来迈出的又一步。我要再次表示，有你们两位出席真是太好了，非常感谢大家今天所做的工作。
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奥斯汀部长：谢谢。各位下午好。马勒斯副总理和黄部长，感谢你们今天来到华盛顿参加我们的会议。很高兴在这里与我的好朋友和同事布林肯国务卿一起接待你们。
 
我们将美国和澳大利亚之间的关系称为牢不可破的联盟，这是有充分理由的：一个多世纪以来，澳大利亚和美国在每一次重大冲突中都肩并肩站在一起。我们的民主制度和我们的人民之间的纽带是通过共同的牺牲、共同的价值观和共同的历史而建立起来的。展望未来，这些纽带比以往任何时候都更加牢固。
 
这鲜明地体现在我们今天进行的极好的讨论中。我们涵盖了很多领域。我们谈到了我们所面临的错综复杂且不断变化的安全环境。我们讨论了我们在战略方面的强有力的协调。我们还承诺采取具体步骤以深化我们在外交和国防领域的合作。
 
美国和澳大利亚的共同愿景是建设一个各国能够决定自己未来的地区，他们应该能够在不受胁迫和恐吓的情况下寻求安全和繁荣。令人遗憾的是，这一愿景今天正在受到挑战。中国在整个印太地区——包括台湾周边、太平洋岛国以及东中国海和南中国海——从事的危险的胁迫性行动威胁着地区和平与稳定。
 
与此同时，俄罗斯对乌克兰的野蛮、无端的入侵也是对基于规则的国际秩序的攻击，而这种秩序使各个地区的国家都更加安全。
 
面对这些挑战，美国和澳大利亚团结一致，决心成为一支稳定的力量，并与志同道合的伙伴合作，建设一个自由开放的印太地区。
 
今天，我们同意在几个重要方面深化我们的防务合作，包括加强我们的军力态势合作。基于今天的会谈，我们将增加美军在澳大利亚的轮换驻防规模。这包括轰炸机特遣队和战斗机的轮换驻防，以及美国海军和美国陆军未来的轮换驻防。
 
我们还将扩大我们的后勤和持续保障合作，这将深化我们的互操作性，并创造更灵活且有韧性的能力。我们还将在未来几年继续寻找进一步整合我们的国防工业基地的方式。我们同意加强三边防务合作，并邀请日本加入我们在澳大利亚的军力态势计划。这些努力不仅能证明我们联盟的紧密程度；它们还展示了我们共同开展的工作，为实现我们的共同愿景取得切实成效。我为我们所取得的成就感到自豪，并对于我们将在不久的将来能够一起完成的工作感到振奋。
 
因此，让我以此作为结语：我知道我们的纽带和我们的友谊将成为未来许多年和平与安全的基石。因此，马勒斯副总理和黄部长，再次感谢你们参加我们今天的讨论，感谢你们为我们的持久联盟所做的一切。谢谢。
 
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问：奥斯汀部长和布林肯国务卿，请允许我先向你们两位提问。几乎就在去年的今天，我们也是在这个礼堂被告知，美国人员、战斗机、轰炸机、海军人员到澳大利亚的轮换驻防将会增加。但实际上，那段时间并没有显著增加。您能否对你们今天达成的共识提供一些量化介绍？您对于这可能向中国发出的​​信息有什么看法或有什么预期吗？
 
奥斯汀部长：是的，我们同意做的是增加我们的空中、陆地和海上部队到澳大利亚的轮换驻防——显然，这些是轮换驻防部队——这显然有助于我们的互操作能力，而且在一个战区中驻防肯定会有所帮助。这些轮换驻防的细节将由我们的工作人员制定并稍后公布；我们今天没有要对大家公布的具体细节，但我们两国确实承诺切实履行我们刚刚阐明的工作。
 
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问：……我的第二个问题与台湾和乌克兰有关，因为我估计台湾是今天讨论的一个主要议题。霍利（Hawley）参议员今天给您写了一封信，认为台湾对于美国国家利益比乌克兰更重要，而提供给乌克兰的武器妨碍了美国向台湾提供其所需武器的能力。您如何回应？
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布林肯国务卿：……关于台湾，是这样，我无法谈及武器系统等问题。但我认为事实恰恰相反，也就是说中国正在非常认真地关注在乌克兰所发生的一切——非常认真地关注美国和世界各国对俄罗斯侵略行动的反应。他们所看到的是，各国以非凡的方式团结一致，以确保乌克兰拥有保卫自己所需的物资，同时向俄罗斯施加巨大压力以迫使它停止侵略。在北约方面，我们正在加强我们自身的能力来保卫自己，以应对侵略行动扩大的可能性。我认为这一定会对中国未来的想法及其可能就台湾局势采取的行动产生影响。
 
维护台湾海峡的和平与稳定与我们利害攸关。这一直是几十年来的现状；我们决心保持这种现状。这当然是几周前拜登总统与习主席进行的重要讨论所涉及的问题之一。但是，可以请我们的国防部长谈谈有关武器系统的具体问题。
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普赖斯先生：我们请天空新闻（Sky News）的安娜丽斯·尼尔森（Annelise Nielson）提最后一个问题。
 
问：……布林肯国务卿，您曾多次表示，在应对中国时，美国不会让澳大利亚孤军奋战。特别是，我们看到外交关系有点缓和，但我们仍然面临着一些相当严重的经济胁迫。美国正在采取什么实际行动来帮助澳大利亚应对中国的经济胁迫？具体而言，对类似于我们已经看到的有关巴厘协定和葡萄酒的问题，世界贸易组织（WTO）上诉机构本来能够做出裁决，但美国为什么要阻止裁决？
 
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布林肯国务卿：……首先，在面对中国的经济胁迫时，澳大利亚在抵御这种胁迫方面做得非常出色，并进而处于一个更好、更强的地位。我认为无论是总体而言还是具体而言，我们当然是其中的一部分。我们是澳大利亚最重要的经济伙伴。我们的贸易和投资占澳大利亚年度经济的大约7%，而且显然为两国都提供了成千上万的就业机会，并且是双向的。我们的——这种贸易和投资关系是我们双方拥有的最强大的根基之一，我认为它增强了澳大利亚应对任何形式的经济胁迫的韧性。
 
与此同时——你们今天已经听到我们就此谈到的几点，而且我们每天都在为此努力——我们都在建设抵御胁迫的各种韧性，其中包括，例如，通过致力于使供应链多样化；正如理查德所说的友岸外包（friendshoring）；并确保任何国家都难以操纵其针对我们任何一方的经济杠杆。而这就是我们每天所做的工作的重要组成部分。
 
关于世贸组织的这个案例，我可能并不熟悉有关情况，但我愿意之后就此再做答复。谢谢。
 
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Secretary Antony J. Blinken, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin, Australian Foreign Minister Penny Wong, and Australian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Defense Richard Marles at a Joint Press Availability

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATEOffice of the SpokespersonDecember 6, 2022
REMARKS
Secretary Antony J. Blinken,Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin, Australian Foreign Minister Penny Wong,And Australian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Defense Richard MarlesAt a Joint Press Availability
Dean Acheson Auditorium Washington, DC
[Excerpts]
SECRETARY BLINKEN:  … . More than seven decades ago the ANZUS Treaty kicked off our shared work to strengthen the fabric of peace in the Pacific.  Our discussions today show that that work continues in earnest not only for the benefit of Australians and Americans and others in the Indo-Pacific, but for people around the world.  This is our 32nd consultation overall.  That such a meeting has persisted for so long shows the enduring importance of the Australian-American alliance.  It transcends parties.  It has long enjoyed strong bipartisan support in the United States.  It covers the breadth and depth of issues facing our people and it reflects a relationship that will only continue to grow deeper.
Take our work on the climate crisis, which reflects an existential threat to the survival of our people and people everywhere and one that demands a truly global response.  Early this fall, Australia joined our Clean Energy Demand Initiative, which brings together companies and countries to power the clean energy transition.  Already nine American companies have committed to investing at least $2.2 billion to help upgrade Australia’s clean energy infrastructure.  Or take Partners in the Blue Pacific, a new initiative that seeks to work with Pacific Island countries toward our shared vision of a resilient, inclusive, and prosperous Pacific.
One of the ways we’re doing that together is through an initiative focused on pre-placing humanitarian supplies in secure locations across the region so the Pacific Islands can better prepare and respond to any disaster.
Today, we discussed our joint efforts to counter President Putin’s brutal war on Ukraine and to support Ukraine’s energy sector against Russian attacks.  We’re grateful for Australia’s efforts to impose sanctions coordinated with ours – as well as our shared work through the Ukraine Defense Contact Group, through which we’re coordinating our aid efforts.
Australia has also shown extraordinary generosity in supporting Ukraine as it defends its territory, contributing more than $440 million in military and humanitarian assistance.
We’re also working together through longstanding multilateral organizations, notably ASEAN.  Both our countries are committed to its centrality, and we’re standing up and revitalizing other bodies to draw on complementary strengths and those of our allies and partners.
In the Quad, along with India and Japan, we’re advancing a shared vision of an open and free Indo-Pacific region.  A key part of that is making sure that goods and ideas can flow freely throughout the region.  Just last week at the Quad Technology Business and Investment Forum in Sydney, leaders from the private sector, academia from across our countries discussed new ways to collaborate on supporting emerging technologies like artificial intelligence and biotech and ensuring that they uphold our democratic values.
In May, together with 13 other like-minded partners representing more than 40 percent of global GDP, we launched the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity, an affirmative economic vision for a region that is free and open, secure and resilient.  IPEF will help our countries advance a number of priorities like combatting corruption, promoting high-standard trade provisions for labor rights and the digital economy, hastening the clean energy transition, preparing for and responding to supply chain disruptions.  We’ll see this collaboration in action next week when the IPEF partners meet in Brisbane to discuss each of these priorities.
Today, we discussed as well how we can continue to advance AUKUS, a vital security partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.  Our three countries have made significant strides toward Australia obtaining nuclear-powered submarines while adhering to the highest nonproliferation standards.  We’re committed to delivering on that promise at the earliest possible time.
We’re also deepening our collaboration on a number of other key areas, including cyber, artificial intelligence, quantum technologies, and undersea capabilities that will help us secure our technological edge and our security going forward. We’re increasingly weaving together our alliances in Europe and Asia, in the Atlantic, and across the Pacific because the challenges and threats that those alliances face are increasingly interconnected, and we’re more effective when we stand and work together.
We also discussed our efforts to address challenges posed by the PRC to the international rules-based order, including attempts to disrupt the freedom of navigation in the South China Sea, efforts to unilaterally change the status quo and undermine peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait, and attempts to intimidate other countries through economic coercion.  Australia is no stranger to such efforts, and we reaffirmed that we would stand with them against these pressure tactics.
We also agreed on the need to responsibly manage the relationship with China to ensure that competition does not veer into conflict and to find areas of cooperation – such as on climate, on global health – that would help both our own people as well as people around the world.
Across the breadth and depth of our relationship, one of the most exciting parts to me is the thriving scientific partnership with researchers and scientists working together developing leading technologies.  Earlier this year, I had the chance to visit the University of Melbourne’s biomedical project.  We’ve got American companies like Illumina and IBM conducting genomics research and accelerating progress on quantum computing.  When I arrived, Moderna had recently announced that they would be opening an mRNA vaccine manufacturing facility in Melbourne, the first such facility of theirs in the Southern Hemisphere.
These are the cutting-edge issues that will help define the 21st century.  Our collaboration between Australia and the United States is helping to lead the way.  Throughout our history, that’s what the Australia-U.S. relationship has always: evolve, grow, and ultimately deliver for our people; and make their lives a little bit more safe, a little bit more secure, a little bit more prosperous.  Today’s AUSMIN was another step towards building that brighter future for all of our people.  It’s wonderful, again, to have you both here, and we’re so grateful for the work that we did today.
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SECRETARY AUSTIN:  Thanks.  Good afternoon, everyone.  Deputy Prime Minister Marles and Minister Wong, thank you for traveling to Washington to join us today.  It has been a real pleasure hosting you here along with my good friend and colleague, Secretary Blinken.
Now, we call the relationship between the United States and Australia the unbreakable alliance and for good reason: Australia and the United States have stood shoulder to shoulder in every major conflict for more than a century.  The bond between our democracies and our peoples have been forged by shared sacrifice, shared values, and shared history.  And as we look to the future, those bonds are stronger than they’ve ever been.
That was clear throughout the outstanding discussions that we had today.  We covered a lot of ground.  We spoke about the complex and changing security environment that we face.  We discussed our strong strategic alignment.  And we committed ourselves to concrete steps to deepen our cooperation in both diplomacy and defense.
The United States and Australia share a vision of a region where countries can determine their own futures, and they should be able to seek security, prosperity free from – and prosperity free from coercion and intimidation.  Unfortunately, that vision is being challenged today.  China’s dangerous and coercive actions throughout the Indo-Pacific, including around Taiwan, and toward the Pacific Island countries and in the East and South China Seas threaten regional peace and stability.
And meanwhile, Russia’s cruel and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine is also an attack on the rules-based international order that makes countries everywhere more secure.
In the face of these challenges, the United States and Australia stand united and determined to be a force for stability and to work with likeminded partners for a free and open Indo-Pacific.
Today, we agreed to deepen our defense cooperation in several important ways, including enhancing our force posture cooperation.  And based upon today’s talks, we will increase rotational presence of U.S. forces in Australia.  That includes rotations of bomber task forces, fighters, and future rotations of U.S. Navy and U.S. Army capabilities.
We’ll also expand our logistics and sustainment cooperation, and that will deepen our interoperability and create more agile and resilient capabilities.  We’ll also continue to find ways to further integrate our defense industrial bases in the years ahead.  And we agreed to enhance trilateral defense cooperation and to invite Japan to integrate into our force posture initiatives in Australia.  These efforts just don’t demonstrate the closeness of our alliance; they also show the work that we’re doing together to deliver tangible results toward our common vision.  I’m proud of what we’ve accomplished, and I’m excited about we’ll get done together in the near future.
So let me close by saying that I know that our bond, our mateship, will serve as a bedrock of peace and security for many years to come.  And so, Deputy Prime Minister Marles and Minister Wong, thank you again for our discussion today and thank you for all that you do for our enduring alliance.  Thanks.
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QUESTION:  Secretary Austin and Secretary Blinken, if I can address you two first.  Almost to the day last year we were told in this same room that there would be increased rotations of U.S. personnel, of fighters, bombers, navy, to Australia.  And really, there hasn’t been a significant increase in that time.  Could you please provide some quantification of what you’ve agreed on today?  And do you get a feeling or do you have any anticipation of what – the message that might send to China?
SECRETARY AUSTIN:  Yeah, so what we’ve agreed to do is to increase rotations of our air, land, and sea forces to – and these are rotational forces, obviously – to Australia, to – and that helps, obviously, with our interoperability, and the presence in a theater will certainly help.  The details of those rotations will be worked out by our staffs and announced later; we don’t have specifics to announce to you today, but we do have a commitment between our two countries to in fact do what we just described.
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QUESTION:  … And then my second question is Taiwan and Ukraine-related, given I expect Taiwan was a major topic of discussion today.  Senator Hawley wrote you a letter today arguing that Taiwan is more important for U.S. national interests than Ukraine, and arms transferred to Ukraine are impeding the U.S. ability to supply Taiwan with the weapons it needs.  How do you respond?
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SECRETARY BLINKEN:  … With regard to Taiwan, look, I can’t speak to weapons systems, et cetera.  But I think in fact it’s exactly the opposite, in the sense that China is watching very carefully what’s happening in Ukraine – watching very carefully the response of the United States and countries around the world to the Russian aggression.  And what they’ve seen are countries coming together in extraordinary ways to make sure that Ukraine has what it needs to defend itself, to put tremendous pressure on Russia to end its aggression, and as well to make sure that, in the case of NATO, we’re strengthening our own capacity to defend ourselves in case that aggression were to spread.  And I think that has to have an impact on China’s thinking about the future and about what it may be looking at in terms of Taiwan.
We have a strong stake in preserving peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait.  This has been the status quo for decades; we’re determined to preserve it.  It’s one of the issues of course that came up in the important discussions that President Biden had with President Xi a few weeks ago.  But the Secretary of Defense is certainly welcome to address the specific question of weapons systems.
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MR PRICE:  We’ll take a final question from Annelise Nielson of Sky News.
QUESTION:  … Secretary Blinken, you’ve stated on quite a few occasions that America won’t leave Australia alone on the field when dealing with China.  In particular, we’ve had a bit of a thaw in diplomatic relations, but we’re still facing some pretty severe economic coercion.  What’s the U.S. doing in practical terms to help Australia with the economic coercion with China?  And specifically, why is the U.S. blocking an appellate court at the World Trade Organization that would be able to adjudicate issues like that we’ve seen with Bali and wine?
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SECRETARY BLINKEN:  … . First, when it comes to Chinese economic coercion, Australia has done an extraordinary job of standing up to that coercion and coming out in a better and stronger place.  I think in a general sense as well as in a specific sense, we’re of course part of that.  We’re Australia’s most important economic partner.  Our trade and investment contributes about seven percent of Australia’s annual economy and, obviously, thousands and thousands of jobs in both countries, in both directions.  Our – this trade and investment relationship is one of the most powerful foundations that we both have, and I think it contributes to Australian resilience when it comes to any kind of economic coercion.
At the same time – and you’ve heard us talk a little bit about this today, but we’re working on this every day – we are all building different kinds of resilience against coercion, including, for example, by working on diversifying supply chains; friendshoring, as Richard said; and making sure that it is difficult for any country to use what economic leverage it has against either of us.  So that’s part and parcel of the work that we’re doing every day.
With regard to the WTO case, I’m afraid I’m just not familiar with it, but I’m happy to come back to you on it.  Thanks.
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