美国国务院
全球接触中心
华盛顿特区
2022年5月2日
中华人民共和国（PRC）政府官员和政府及政党媒体以及中国共产党（CCP）时时不断地宣扬克里姆林宫的宣传言论、阴谋论和虚假信息。这种做法把普京总统对乌克兰的无理和无端的战争合理化，同时破坏对美国和其他国家、民主机构以及独立媒体的信任。中华人民共和国和中国共产党的媒体和中华人民共和国的“战狼”外交官员运用在本国国内禁止使用的社交媒体平台，以多种语言向世界各地区传播克里姆林宫所偏向的论点。与此同时，在中华人民共和国国内，中国共产党和国家支持的实体查禁有关俄罗斯在乌克兰的暴行的可信报道，同时将普京选择的这场残酷战争归咎于北约和美国。中华人民共和国官员的“亲俄罗斯中立”回避公开支持或谴责俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵略和在乌克兰的行径，并且不断坚称北京是中立的利益相关者，尊重“所有国家的主权和领土完整”。然而，中华人民共和国和中国共产党媒体和官员对莫斯科言论给予的不加批评的进一步宣扬说明，北京支持俄罗斯。
中华人民共和国影响有关乌克兰的公共舆论的几种工具：
中华人民共和国支持俄罗斯的否定论并将责任转嫁于西方的时间表：
2022年2月——中华人共和国对俄罗斯发动侵略的准备以及最初制造的借口的支持：就在俄罗斯于2022年2月24日对乌克兰发动全面侵略之前，中华人民共和国和中国共产党的媒体和官员声称美国和其他方面有关俄罗斯即将发动侵略的报道是一场失败的“虚假信息”行动以及“信息恐怖主义”——附和了俄罗斯联邦外交部长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫（Sergey Lavrov）和俄罗斯外交部发言人玛丽亚·扎哈罗娃（Maria Zakharova）之前的说辞。中华人民共和国和中国共产党的媒体和官员自此以后很明显地拒绝将俄罗斯无端地进一步侵略乌克兰称为一场“战争”，而是将其称为一场“危机”，或使用克里姆林宫的官方说法“特别军事行动”，同时将“侵略”一词主要用于试图将公愤转嫁于西方、北约和美国的“那又怎么说”论调之中。
2022年3月——极力放大克里姆林宫有关美国在乌克兰资助生物实验室的说法：3月8日，中华人民共和国外交部发言人赵立坚开始宣扬已遭到驳斥的俄罗斯的虚假信息，声称美国在乌克兰资助了生物武器实验室，包括直接宣传由经常为受到美国制裁的亲克里姆林宫的《南部前线》（South Front）和《新闻前线》（News Front）供稿的迪利亚娜·盖坦吉耶娃（Dilyana Gaytandzhieva）散布的虚假信息。这些编造出来的指控借助于俄罗斯和中华人民共和国在这之前多年来趁机散布的宣传言论。据全球接触中心（GEC）的一个研究伙伴说，中华人民共和国宣扬有关在乌克兰的美国生物武器实验室的虚假信息最终成为中华人民共和国自2018年以来最大的虚假信息行动之一，针对全世界多种语言以及多个地区的受众进行宣传。
2022年4月——否认克里姆林宫对在布查的残暴罪行负有责任：在乌克兰指责俄罗斯在基辅附近的布查（Bucha）对平民犯有战争罪以后，中华人民共和国当局在国内压制对这一话题的讨论，官员呼呼展开调查，但不指出有证据反驳俄罗斯的否定论。4月3日，俄罗斯外交部和国防部声称，“来自布查的镜头画面[是]……[基辅]政权策划的挑衅”。在俄罗斯声明发布几天后，中华人民共和国国家和政党支持的媒体对俄罗斯有关美国和乌克兰编造暴行证据的阴谋论进行宣扬，而中华人民共和国官员同时呼吁“各方”停止“政治化”和“无端指责”。
2022年4月——在对克拉马托斯克的导弹攻击事件上为克里姆林宫回避责任：中华人民共和国官员和国家媒体回避报道能够表明俄罗斯对攻击平民目标负有责任的真实情况，而4月8日，“圆点”（Tochka-U）弹道导弹击中乌克兰克拉马托斯克（Kramatorsk）的主要火车站，造成包括五名儿童在内的50人死亡和数百人受伤。俄罗斯外交部否认对攻击负有责任，声称据知只有乌克兰使用这种导弹，尽管有证据显示俄罗斯过去部署了这些武器。同布查的情况一样，中华人民共和国官员对克拉马托斯克遭受攻击的反应是，呼呼开展全面调查和“各方”避免“政治化”和“无端指责”。中华人民共和国的媒体和驻日本大阪总领事薛剑甚至还转发俄罗斯所声称的乌克兰对攻击其自身在克拉马托斯克的平民负有责任的阴谋论。
有关中华人民共和国和中国共产党宣扬克里姆林宫虚假信息的更多情况，可参见《纽约时报》（New York Times）、《大西洋》（The Atlantic）杂志、《外交家》（The Diplomat）杂志、BBC英国广播公司、保障民主联盟（Alliance for Securing Democracy）和民主实验室（DoubleThink Lab）。
 
欲查看原稿内容:  https://www.state.gov/disarming-disinformation/prc-efforts-to-amplify-the-kremlins-voice-on-ukraine/
本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

The Global Engagement Center
U.S. Department of State
Washington, D.C.
May 2, 2022
Government officials and state and party media from the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) routinely amplify Kremlin propaganda, conspiracy theories, and disinformation. This amplification rationalizes President Putin’s unjustified and unprovoked war against Ukraine while undermining trust in the United States and other countries, democratic institutions, and independent media. Using social media platforms banned within the PRC, PRC and CCP media and PRC “wolf warrior” diplomats convey biased Kremlin talking points to audiences in multiple languages and regions across the world. Meanwhile, within the PRC, CCP and state-backed entities censor credible reporting on Russia’s atrocities in Ukraine while blaming NATO and the United States for Putin’s brutal war of choice. The “pro-Russia neutrality” of PRC officials avoids explicit public endorsement or condemnation of Russia’s invasion of and conduct in Ukraine, and continues to insist Beijing is a neutral stakeholder that respects the “sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations.” However, PRC and CCP media and officials’ further uncritical amplification of Moscow’s messaging demonstrates Beijing’s support for Russia.
PRC TOOLBOX TO INFLUENCE PUBLIC OPINION ON UKRAINE:
TIMELINE OF PRC SUPPORT FOR RUSSIAN DENIALISM & BLAME-SHIFTING ONTO THE WEST:
FEBRUARY 2022 – PRC SUPPORT IN THE LEAD UP TO AND INITIAL FRAMING OF RUSSIA’S INVASION: Just prior to Russia’s February 24, 2022, full-scale invasion of Ukraine, PRC and CCP media and officials labeled U.S. and other reports of Russia’s imminent invasion a failed “disinformation” campaign and “information terrorism”– echoing Russian Federation Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov and Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Spokeswoman Maria Zakharova’s earlier statements. PRC and CCP media and officials have since conspicuously refused to call Russia’s unprovoked further invasion of Ukraine a “war,” instead calling it a “crisis” or using the Kremlin’s official term “special military operation,” while primarily using the word “invasion” in “whataboutism” rhetoric aimed at redirecting outrage at the West, NATO, and the United States.
MARCH 2022 – HEAVY AMPLIFICATION OF KREMLIN MESSAGING REGARDING U.S.-SPONSORED BIOLABS IN UKRAINE: On March 8, PRC MFA Spokesperson Zhao Lijian began amplifying Russia’s debunked disinformation alleging the United States sponsored biological weapons laboratories in Ukraine, including direct amplification of disinformation pushed by Dilyana Gaytandzhieva, a frequent contributor to U.S.-sanctioned pro-Kremlin outlets South Front and News Front. These fabricated accusations build on years of previous opportunistic messaging both by Russia and the PRC. According to a GEC research partner, PRC amplification of disinformation surrounding U.S. bioweapon laboratories in Ukraine ultimately became one of the PRC’s largest disinformation campaigns since 2018, with messaging targeting audiences in multiple languages and regions around the world.
APRIL 2022 – DENYING KREMLIN RESPONSIBILITY FOR ATROCITIES IN BUCHA: After Ukraine accused Russia of war crimes against civilians in Bucha, near Kyiv, PRC authorities suppressed discussion of the topic within the PRC and officials called for an investigation without acknowledging evidence that discredits Russia’s denialism. On April 3, Russia’s MFA and MoD claimed the “footage from Bucha [is]… a staged provocation by the [Kyiv] regime.” In the days following Russia’s statement, PRC state and party-backed media amplified Russia’s conspiracies that the United States and Ukraine may have fabricated evidence of the atrocities, even as PRC officials called for “all sides” to refrain from “politicization” and “unfounded accusations.”
APRIL 2022– DEFLECTING BLAME FROM KREMLIN FOR KRAMATORSK BOMBING: PRC officials and state media avoided reporting facts that would indicate Russia’s responsibility for attacks against civilian targets even when, on April 8, a Tochka-U ballistic missile struck the main railway station in Kramatorsk, Ukraine, killing more than 50 people, including five children, and injuring hundreds. The Russian MFA denied responsibility for the strike, saying only Ukraine was known to use the missile in question, despite evidence that Russia has previously deployed these weapons. As with Bucha, PRC officials responded to the Kramatorsk bombing by calling for a full investigation and for “all sides” to refrain from “politicization” and “unfounded accusations.” PRC media and Consul General in Osaka, Japan, Xue Jian, went so far as to repost the Russian conspiracy theory that Ukraine is responsible for bombing its own civilians in Kramatorsk.
For additional information about PRC and CCP efforts to amplify the Kremlin’s disinformation, you can visit: New York Times, The Atlantic, The Diplomat, the BBC, the Alliance for Securing Democracy, and DoubleThink Lab.