国防部长
1000国防五角大楼
华盛顿特区，20301-1000
2022年10月27日
 
[美利坚合众国2022年国防战略前言]
 
拜登总统指出，我们正处于一个“决定性的十年”，它充满地缘政治、技术、经济因素和环境的急剧变化。美国寻求的国防战略将确定国防部今后数十年的路线。国防部有责任向我们全体义务兵役部队和美国人民明示一幅清晰的图像，说明我们在未来的关键岁月里所面对的挑战——并且有责任为他们拿出推进我国防务和安全目标的明确和有力的战略。
 
《2022年国防战略》（2022 National Defense Strategy）阐述了国防部走向这个决定性十年的道路——从帮助保护美国人民，到促进全球安全、把握新的战略机会和实现并捍卫我们的民主价值观。这是国防部首次以综合方式开展战略评估——针对《国防战略》、《核态势评估报告》（Nuclear Posture Review）和《导弹防御评估报告》（Missile Defense Review）——以做到使我们的战略与资源密切衔接。《国防战略》指示国防部采取紧迫行动，保持和加强美国的威慑能力，将中华人民共和国作为国防部的步调挑战。《国防战略》也进一步说明面对俄罗斯的侵略我们将如何与北约盟国和伙伴巩固强大威慑力，同时减少和防备来自朝鲜、伊朗、暴力极端主义组织的威胁以及像气候变化这类跨国挑战。
 
中华人民共和国仍然是我们在今后数十年最重要的战略竞争对手。我的这一结论是基于中华人民共和国为重新塑造印太地区和国际体系以便使之符合其专制取向而采取的日益加剧的胁迫行动，同时基于对中华人民共和国所表明的意图及其军队的快速现代化与扩展的深刻觉察。正如拜登总统的《国家安全战略》（National Security Strategy）所指出，中华人民共和国是“唯一一个既有意图重塑国际秩序，而且也越来越有经济、外交、军事和技术力量这样做的国家”。
 
与此同时，俄罗斯对乌克兰的无端、无理和肆无忌惮的侵略突出展现了其不负责任的行为。针对俄罗斯攻击乌克兰所作出的反应也高度显示了一项基于我们的价值观和我们的强大军事实力连同盟国和伙伴的军事实力的战略所具有的重要作用。我们协力对俄罗斯的进攻作出了强有力和团结一致的反应，并证明了北约团结的力量。
 
在这些时刻，国防部不能一切照旧。《2022年国防战略》阐述了国防部将把目光放在我们的步调挑战上，而与此同时我们要驾驭这个迅速变化的世界上的其他挑战。它扩大了我在2021年“给部队的寄语”（Message to the Force）的内容，寄语当时强调将保卫国家、保护人民和通过团队的努力取得成功作为核心价值观。
 
我们的中心职责是发展、联合并协调我们的实力，使之取得最大效力。这是一体化威慑的核心，是《2022年国防战略》的一项核心内容。一体化威慑意味着运用国防部具备的一切手段，与美国政府的同级部门和与盟国及伙伴进行密切合作，确保使潜在的对手看清侵略行径的愚蠢。国防部将协调各项政策、投资和活动，使之共同致力于维护和加强威慑力——要对具体的竞争对手和挑战具有针对性，并在国防部内外协调与同步。
 
国防部还将时时刻刻开展大力声势，致力于获得和保持军事优势、对抗我们竞争对手严重形式的胁迫，并使我们竞争对手的军事准备复杂化。这种声势不是例行公事——它是有目的的努力，旨在使国防部的活动和投资同步，将重点与资源汇聚，使条件向有利于我们转变。通过这些声势，国防部将把精力集中于影响最严重的竞争对手活动，即如果不予应对，将在现在和将来危及我国的军事优势。
 
在我们采取这些步骤的同时，我们将采取紧迫行动，建设未来联合部队的持久优势，开展改革以加速部队发展，更快获得所需技术，并对国防部杰出的人才进行投资，他们是我们最宝贵的资源。
 
美国从来不畏惧竞争，我们不回避艰巨的挑战，尤其是当这关系到保障我们的国家利益和捍卫我国的价值观时。为迎接这一时刻，我们将调动我们的核心实力：我们有活力的、多元的和富于创新的社会；我们无与伦比的盟国和伙伴网络；以及我们武装部队了不起的男女志士。
 
我们生活在动荡的时代。但是我相信，国防部，通过与美国政府和我们全球的盟国与伙伴一道，立足于迎接这个关键十年挑战的有利之地。
 
劳埃德·奥斯汀[签字]
 
欲查看原稿内容: https://media.defense.gov/2022/Oct/27/2003103845/-1/-1/1/2022-NATIONAL-DEFENSE-STRATEGY-NPR-MDR.PDF
本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

October 27, 2022
 
President Biden has stated that we are living in a “decisive decade,” one stamped by dramatic changes in geopolitics, technology, economics, and our environment. The defense strategy that the United States pursues will set the Department’s course for decades to come. The Department of Defense owes it to our All-Volunteer Force and the American people to provide a clear picture of the challenges we expect to face in the crucial years ahead—and we owe them a clear and rigorous strategy for advancing our defense and security goals.
The 2022 National Defense Strategy (NDS) details the Department’s path forward into that decisive decade—from helping to protect the American people, to promoting global security, to seizing new strategic opportunities, and to realizing and defending our democratic values. For the first time, the Department conducted its strategic reviews—the NDS, the Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) and Missile Defense Review (MDR)—in an integrated way, ensuring tight linkages between our strategy and our resources. The NDS directs the Department to act urgently to sustain and strengthen U.S. deterrence, with the People’s Republic of China (PRC) as the pacing challenge for the Department. The NDS further explains how we will collaborate with our NATO Allies and partners to reinforce robust deterrence in the face of Russian aggression while mitigating and protecting against threats from North Korea, Iran, violent extremist organizations, and transboundary challenges such as climate change.
The PRC remains our most consequential strategic competitor for the coming decades. I have reached this conclusion based on the PRC’s increasingly coercive actions to reshape the Indo-Pacific region and the international system to fit its authoritarian preferences, alongside a keen awareness of the PRC’s clearly stated intentions and the rapid modernization and expansion of its military. As President Biden’s National Security Strategy notes, the PRC is “the only country with both the intent to reshape the international order, and, increasingly, the economic, diplomatic, military, and technological power to do so.”
Meanwhile, Russia’s unprovoked, unjust, and reckless invasion of Ukraine underscores its irresponsible behavior. Efforts to respond to Russia’s assault on Ukraine also dramatically highlight the importance of a strategy that leverages the power of our values and our military might with that of our Allies and partners. Together, we have marshalled a strong, unified response to Russia’s attack and proven the strength of NATO unity.
In these times, business as usual at the Department is not acceptable. The 2022 NDS lays out our vision for focusing the Defense Department around our pacing challenge, even as we manage the other threats of our swiftly changing world. It builds on my 2021 Message to the Force, which stressed as core values defending the nation, taking care of our people, and succeeding through teamwork.
Our central charge is to develop, combine, and coordinate our strengths to maximum effect. This is the core of integrated deterrence, a centerpiece of the 2022 NDS. Integrated deterrence means using every tool at the Department’s disposal, in close collaboration with our counterparts across the U.S. Government and with Allies and partners, to ensure that potential foes understand the folly of aggression. The Department will align policies, investments, and activities to sustain and strengthen deterrence—tailored to specific competitors and challenges and coordinated and synchronized inside and outside the Department.
The Department will also campaign day-to-day to gain and sustain military advantages, counter acute forms of our competitors’ coercion, and complicate our competitors’ military preparations. Campaigning is not business as usual—it is the deliberate effort to synchronize the Department’s activities and investments to aggregate focus and resources to shift conditions in our favor. Through campaigning, the Department will focus on the most consequential competitor activities that, if left unaddressed, would endanger our military advantages now and in the future.
Even as we take these steps, we will act with urgency to build enduring advantages for the future Joint Force, undertaking reforms to accelerate force development, getting the technology we need more quickly, and making investments in the extraordinary people of the Department, who remain our most valuable resource.
America has never been afraid of competition, and we do not shy away from tough challenges, especially when it comes to securing our national interests and defending our national values. To meet this moment, we will tap into our core strengths: our dynamic, diverse, and innovative society; our unmatched network of Allies and partners; and the tremendous men and women of our armed forces.
We live in turbulent times. Yet, I am confident that the Department, along with our counterparts throughout the U.S. Government and our Allies and partners around the world, is well positioned to meet the challenges of this decisive decade.
 
Read the full National Defense Strategy (PDF 7.96M)