美国驻联合国使团
新闻与公共外交办公室
纽约州纽约市
2022年9月7日
琳达·托马斯–格林菲尔德大使在联合国安全理事会关于俄罗斯过滤行动会议上的讲话
谢谢您，主席先生。也感谢副秘书长迪卡洛（DiCarlo）和助理秘书长基里斯（Kehris）的通报。同时非常感谢德里克（Drik）女士从公民社会角度对局势提出了严峻而可信的看法。 
各位同仁，我想请诸位想象一下，假如你是马里乌波尔（Mariupol）的一位家长。你和伴侣都很年轻、健康，有一个10岁的儿子和一个两岁的女儿；你们过得很幸福，并不特别对政治感兴趣，但热爱乌克兰的生活，却突然遭到俄罗斯入侵。 
俄罗斯军队轰炸了你们的学校和医院，摧毁了安宁的城市。即便如此，你还是尽力来保证自己家人安全。你们蜷缩在避难所里，力图活下来。 
一天，你和家人出外搜寻食物，被俄罗斯军队在街上拦下。你们被强行押送到一个中心，接受过滤筛查。你对将会发生的事感到恐惧，因为你祖母曾说过她朋友和邻居在苏联时期被失踪的事，乃至俄罗斯在车臣战争期间对自己公民的所作所为。 
你与伴侣及孩子被分开，个人生物识别信息被收集记录，乌克兰驾驶执照和护照被没收，手机被搜查来查找所谓反俄信息。 
你的衣服被剥光，被审问，被殴打。你听到隔壁房间的枪声和尖叫声——这是其他被认定更具威胁性的人士正被施以酷刑和遭到杀害所发出的声响。 
由于你已到当兵作战年龄，被要求为俄罗斯去打仗。当拒绝这一要求后，你会得到一本俄罗斯护照，在违背你本人意愿的情况下，被强行送到遥远的俄罗斯某地，远离家人，无法与所认识或所爱的人们交流沟通。 
你就这样被过滤筛查了。 
这就是来自不同消息来源的许多可靠报告对俄罗斯在乌克兰实施的所谓 “过滤行动 “的描述。我们手头掌握来自受害者的目击证词，以及来自人权观察（Human Rights Watch）、欧洲安全与合作组织 （Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe）、耶鲁大学公共卫生学院人道主义研究实验室（Yale School of Public Health’s Humanitarian Research Lab）等团体的越来越详尽的报告，你们今天已听到两位简报员分享这些信息。连俄罗斯国家控制的塔斯社也报道过许多乌克兰人被迁往俄罗斯的情况。  
在这些过滤站点，俄罗斯当局或其代理人进行搜查，从事审讯，施加胁迫，据说有时还对在押人员实施酷刑。但这些恐怖行为并不局限于设置的过滤中心 ——在检查站、常规交通站或街道上都可能发生这类过滤。 
在人权观察进行的一次采访中，一名来自马里乌波尔的男子说，他和几十名马里乌波尔的居民被迫呆在一个条件肮脏的校舍内—— 这还只是他们被带去接受过滤之前的遭遇。 
他说，许多人得了病。他还说，“我们感到像人质一样。” 
这些行动旨在确认俄罗斯认为对其控制不够顺从或格格不入的人。而且越来越多的可靠证据表明，那些因被认为有亲乌克兰倾向而被认定对俄罗斯控制构成威胁的人被 “失踪 “或遭到延期拘押。 一位目击者说，她听到一名俄罗斯士兵说，“我至少射杀了10个（未能通过过滤筛查的）人。” 
包括俄罗斯政府在内的各种消息来源的估计表明，俄罗斯当局已经审讯、拘留、强行将 90万至160万乌克兰公民从其家园驱赶到俄罗斯——通常把他们赶到远东的偏远地区。   
我要很明确。美国已掌握信息，俄罗斯总统办公厅的官员在监管和协调这些过滤行动。我们进一步知道，俄罗斯总统办公厅官员正在提供被列为过滤对象的乌克兰人名单，并得到有关这些行动的规模和进展的汇报。 
过滤。这个词根本难以说明这些有预谋的政策的恐怖与邪恶。只需看看俄罗斯正在如何对待乌克兰儿童。 
一些估计显示，有数以千计儿童受到过滤，有些被与家人分离，被从孤儿院带走，然后在俄罗斯供人领养。美国掌握的信息说明，仅在7月份内，就有1800多名儿童被从俄罗斯控制的乌克兰地区转移到俄罗斯。  
当然，我无需告诉本安理会，从被占领土将受保护的人员强行转运或驱逐到占领者的领土是对有关保护平民的《日内瓦第四公约》（Fourth Geneva Convention）的严重违犯，并且构成战争罪行。 
我们应沉思片刻，想一想那些未能通过过滤的人的命运。每天有越来越多的证据显示，数以千计的乌克兰人因与乌克兰军队、领土防御力量、媒体、政府和公民社会团体有可能的关联而被视为威胁，据报受到拘留或完全失踪。 
那么他们为什么这样做？他们为什么没收乌克兰人的身份证件？他们为什么强迫乌克兰人申请俄罗斯护照？他们为什么恫吓当地人并且驱逐任何被视为威胁的人？他们为什么对从其系统中经过的乌克兰人进行系统化的编录？俄罗斯为什么在占领区任命官员，在学校强制实行其教学大纲，并极力要乌克兰公民申请俄罗斯护照？俄罗斯军队及其代理势力为什么正在竭尽全力抹杀对乌克兰的鲜活记忆？ 
原因很简单：为企图吞并作准备。 
其目的是用武力改变情结。是为俄罗斯的占领和最终所谓吞并乌克兰的更多领土提供合法性的假像。在当地捏造这些事实是在为举行假公投作设置。这是俄罗斯对乌克兰玩弄的伎俩之一，从战争一开始我们就针对这些一直向安理会成员发出警告。 
这些公投试图制造合法性和公众支持的假像，从而让俄罗斯感到它可以吞并赫尔松（Kherson）、扎波罗热（Zaporizhzhya）以及乌克兰其他地区。当然，我们永远不会承认俄罗斯用武力改变乌克兰的边界。我们必须将实施这些暴行的人绳之以法。我们必须作出国际社会的反应——一个仍然尊重联合国宪章的国际社会。 
我们知道俄罗斯对所有这一切会作何说辞。他们将否认、否认再否认。但是，有一个简单的方法可以知道其中任何一点是否属实。让联合国进入。让独立观察员进入。让非政府组织进入。让人道援助进入。让世界看到正在发生的情况。 
作为安理会成员，我们在这里是为了促进国际和平与安全，并维护联合国宪章。最起码，我希望我们今天在座的每个成员确认，所有作为过滤对象的人均需能尽快与联合国和人道救援机构接触，以便让我们能够核实他们的状况，就像今天我们听联合国人权事务高级专员办事处（OHCHR）所说的那样。直到俄罗斯提供那种接触机会，我们将不得不依靠我们汇集的证据和幸存人员的勇敢证词。他们的描述以及越来越多的报告所提供的情形令人不寒而栗。 
各位同仁，有一天我们将会聚在本安理会对俄罗斯联邦试图吞并更多的乌克兰领土发出谴责。我将请各位谨记你们今天在这里听到的情况。没有一个人——没有一个人——将能够说他们不曾得到警告。 
谢谢。 
 
欲查看原稿内容: https://usun.usmission.gov/remarks-by-ambassador-linda-thomas-greenfield-at-a-un-security-council-meeting-on-russias-filtration-operations/
本译文仅供参考，只有英文原稿才可以被视为权威资料来源。

Ambassador Linda Thomas-GreenfieldU.S. Representative to the United NationsNew York, New YorkSeptember 7, 2022
AS DELIVERED
Thank you, Mr. President. And also thank you to Under-Secretary-General DiCarlo and Assistant-Secretary-General Kehris for your briefings. And thank you so much, Ms. Drik, for offering a stark and credible view on the situation from a civil society perspective.
Colleagues, I want you to imagine, for a moment, you are a parent in Mariupol. You and your partner are young and healthy. You have a 10-year-old son and a two-year-old daughter. You’re happy. You’re not particularly political, but you love your life in Ukraine. And suddenly, Russia invades.
Russian forces bomb your schools and hospitals. They destroy your peaceful city. Still, you’ve done the best to keep your family safe. You’ve huddled in shelters. You’ve tried to survive.
And one day, you and your family are trying to scrounge up some food – and you are stopped on the street by Russian forces. You are escorted, against your will, to a center to undergo filtration. You’re terrified about what happens next, because your grandmother told you stories of her friends and neighbors disappearing under the Soviet Union – and even what Russia did to its own citizens during the war in Chechnya.
You are separated from your partner and your children. Your personal biometric information is recorded. Your Ukrainian driver’s license and passports are confiscated. Your cell phone is searched for perceived anti-Russian messages.
You’re stripped of your clothes. You are interrogated. You are beaten. You hear gunfire and screams from rooms next door – others deemed more threatening are being tortured and killed.
Because you are of fighting age, you are asked to fight for Russia. When you refuse, you’re given a Russian passport and sent deep into Russia against your will, far away from your family and with no means to communicate with anyone you know or love.
You’ve been filtered.
This is the picture that many credible reports from diverse sources present of the so-called “filtration operations” that Russia has set up in Ukraine. We now have eye-witness testimony from victims – and increasingly detailed reporting from groups such as Human Rights Watch, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Yale School of Public Health’s Humanitarian Research Lab, and you’ve heard two of our briefers today share this information. Even the Russian state-managed TASS news agency has reported on the many Ukrainians who have been relocated to Russia.
At these filtration locations, Russian authorities or proxies search, they interrogate, they coerce, and reportedly sometimes torture subjects. But these horrors are not limited to the centers that have been set up – filtration may also occur at checkpoints, routine traffic stops, or on the streets.
In an interview conducted by Human Rights Watch, a man from Mariupol said he and dozens of Mariupol residents were forced to stay in a schoolhouse under filthy conditions – and that was before they even were taken to undergo filtration.
He said many got sick. He said, “We felt like hostages.”
These operations aim to identify individuals Russia deems insufficiently compliant or compatible to its control. And there is mounting and credible evidence that those considered threatening to Russian control because of perceived pro-Ukrainian leanings are “disappeared” or further detained. One eyewitness said that she overheard a Russian soldier say, “I shot at least 10 people” who had not passed filtration.
Estimates from a variety of sources, including the Russian government, indicate that Russian authorities have interrogated, detained, forcibly deported between 900,000 and 1.6 million Ukrainian citizens from their homes to Russia – often to isolated regions in the Far East.
And I want to be clear. The United States has information that officials from Russia’s Presidential Administration are overseeing and coordinating these filtration operations. And we are further aware that Russian Presidential Administration officials are providing lists of Ukrainians to be targeted for filtration, and receiving reports on the scope and the progress of operations.
Filtered. The word does not begin to convey the horror and the depravity of these pre-meditated policies. Just look at how Russia is treating Ukrainian children.
Estimates indicate that thousands of children have been subject to filtration, some separated from their families and taken from orphanages before being put up for adoption in Russia. The United States has information that over the course of July alone, more than 1,800 children were transferred from Russian-controlled areas of Ukraine to Russia.
Of course, I need not remind this Council that the forcible transfer or deportation of protected persons from occupied territories, to the territory of the occupier, is a grave breach of the Fourth Geneva Convention on the protection of civilians, and constitutes a war crime.
We should take a moment to consider the fate of those who do not pass filtration. The evidence is growing every day that thousands of Ukrainians deemed threatening due to their potential affiliation with the Ukrainian army, territorial defense forces, media, government, and civil society groups are reportedly being detained or simply disappearing.
So why are they doing this? Why are they confiscating Ukrainian identity documents? Why are they forcing Ukrainians to fill out Russian passport applications? Why are they intimidating locals and deporting anyone deemed threatening? Why are they systematically cataloguing Ukrainians moving through the system? Why is Russia appointing officials in occupied areas, imposing its educational curriculum in schools, and trying to get Ukrainian citizens to apply for Russian passports? Why are Russian forces and proxies doing their best to erase the living memory of Ukraine?
The reason is simple: to prepare for an attempted annexation.
The goal is to change sentiments by force. To provide a fraudulent veneer of legitimacy for the Russian occupation and eventual, purported annexation of even more Ukrainian territory. This effort to fabricate these facts on the ground is the predicate to sham referenda. It is part of the Russian playbook for Ukraine that we’ve been warning Council members about since even the beginning of the war.
These referenda will attempt to create a false semblance of legality and public support, so Russia feels it can annex Kherson, Zaporizhzhya, and other regions of Ukraine. Of course, we will never recognize any efforts by Russia to change Ukraine’s borders by force. We must hold the perpetrators of these atrocities to account. We must respond as an international community – an international community that still respects the UN Charter.
We know what Russia will say about all of this. They will deny, deny, deny. But there’s a simple way to know if any of this is true. Let the United Nations in. Give the independent observers access. Give NGOs access. Allow humanitarian access. Let the world see what is going on.
As Security Council members, we are here to promote international peace and security and uphold the UN Charter. At a minimum, I hope each of us here today acknowledges that all persons subject to filtration need access to UN and humanitarian agencies as soon as possible, so that we can verify their well-being as we heard today from OHCHR. Until Russia provides that access, we will have to rely on the evidence we have accumulated and the brave testimony of survivors. The picture they paint, alongside the mounting reports, is chilling.
Colleagues, there will come a day when we are gathered in this Council to condemn the Russian Federation’s attempts to annex more of Ukraine’s territory. And I will ask that you remember what you’ve heard here today. No one – no one – will be able to say they were not warned.
Thank you.
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