LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects (Art and architecture)

The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members. Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the collections are on permanent display at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in the V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery and included in temporary exhibitions at the RIBA and across Europe and North America. Its collections include:

Q1: What is another name for the Royal Institute Library?
A1: The British Architectural Library
Q2: When was the RIBA library founded?
A2: 1834
Q3: How many materials are housed in the RIBA library?
A3: over four million
Q4: The British Architectural Library is the biggest library of its kind in which continent?
A4: Europe
Q5: In what institution are some materials from the RIBA collection located?
A5: Victoria and Albert Museum
British_Empire (History)

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height, it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-fifth of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 13,000,000 sq mi (33,670,000 km2), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, legal, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, the phrase "the empire on which the sun never sets" was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories.

Q1: The United Kingdom ruled what empire?
A1: British
Q2: Which empire was the largest in history, at its height?
A2: British
Q3: When did 458 million people live in the British Empire?
A3: 1922
Q4: How much of the world's population did the British Empire rule in 1922?
A4: one-fifth
Q5: How many square miles did the British Empire rule in 1922?
A5: 13,000,000
British_Isles (Geography and places)

The British Isles are a group of islands off the north-western coast of continental Europe that consist of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland and over six thousand smaller isles. Situated in the North Atlantic, the islands have a total area of approximately 315,159 km2, and a combined population of just under 70 million. Two sovereign states are located on the islands: Ireland (which covers roughly five-sixths of the island with the same name) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The British Isles also include three Crown Dependencies: the Isle of Man and, by tradition, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the Bailiwick of Guernsey in the Channel Islands, although the latter are not physically a part of the archipelago.

Q1: What is two islands that are part of the British Isles?
A1: Great Britain, Ireland
Q2: Where are the British Isles located?
A2: North Atlantic,
Q3: How many people live in the British Isles?
A3: just under 70 million
Q4: What is one of the three Crown Dependencies of the British Isles?
A4: Isle of Man
Q5: Where are the Bailiwick of Jersey and the Bailiwick of Guernsey located?
A5: in the Channel Islands
British_Isles (Geography and places)

The British Isles lie at the juncture of several regions with past episodes of tectonic mountain building. These orogenic belts form a complex geology that records a huge and varied span of Earth's history. Of particular note was the Caledonian Orogeny during the Ordovician Period, c. 488–444 Ma and early Silurian period, when the craton Baltica collided with the terrane Avalonia to form the mountains and hills in northern Britain and Ireland. Baltica formed roughly the northwestern half of Ireland and Scotland. Further collisions caused the Variscan orogeny in the Devonian and Carboniferous periods, forming the hills of Munster, southwest England, and southern Wales. Over the last 500 million years the land that forms the islands has drifted northwest from around 30°S, crossing the equator around 370 million years ago to reach its present northern latitude.

Q1: When did the Caledonian Orogeny occur?
A1: c. 488–444 Ma and early Silurian period
Q2: What happened during the c. 488–444 Ma and early Silurian period?
A2: craton Baltica collided with the terrane Avalonia
Q3: What formed after the craton Baltica and the terrane Avalonia collision?
A3: mountains and hills
Q4: What formed the hills of Munster and the southern part of Wales?
A4: Variscan orogeny
Q5: In which direction have the British Isles been drifting?
A5: northwest
Frédéric_Chopin (Music)

The British Library notes that "Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era." The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions.

Q1: What year was the earliest Chopin recording created?
A1: 1895
Q2: What is the title of the earliest known recording of Chopin's work?
A2: Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2
Q3: Who played the earlier known recording of Chopin's work?
A3: Paul Pabst
Q4: What has stated that every pianist in the recording era has used Chopin's music?
A4: The British Library
Q5: When did Pabst record his Chopin performance?
A5: 1895
Q6: Who has given a discography of pianists' representation of Chopin's pedagogic style?
A6: Methuen-Campbell
British_Empire (History)

The British Mandate of Palestine, where an Arab majority lived alongside a Jewish minority, presented the British with a similar problem to that of India. The matter was complicated by large numbers of Jewish refugees seeking to be admitted to Palestine following the Holocaust, while Arabs were opposed to the creation of a Jewish state. Frustrated by the intractability of the problem, attacks by Jewish paramilitary organisations and the increasing cost of maintaining its military presence, Britain announced in 1947 that it would withdraw in 1948 and leave the matter to the United Nations to solve. The UN General Assembly subsequently voted for a plan to partition Palestine into a Jewish and an Arab state.

Q1: What race was the majority in Palestine in the 1940s?
A1: Arab
Q2: When did Britain announce plans to withdraw from Palestine?
A2: 1947
Q3: Which entity decided to partition Palestine into Jewish and Arab states?
A3: The UN General Assembly
Q4: Where did many Jewish refugees want to move because of the Holocaust?
A4: Palestine
Saint_Helena (Geography and places)

The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Saint Helena and the other Crown colonies as British Dependent Territories. The islanders lost their right of abode in Britain. For the next 20 years, many could find only low-paid work with the island government, and the only available employment outside Saint Helena was on the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island. The Development and Economic Planning Department, which still operates, was formed in 1988 to contribute to raising the living standards of the people of Saint Helena.

Q1: What right was lost by the citizen of the islands due to the act?
A1: right of abode in Britain
Q2: What department was formed to help raise the living standards of the citizens in Saint Helena?
A2: The Development and Economic Planning Department
Q3: What year was the Development and Economic Planning Department formed?
A3: 1988
Q4: Where was the only work outside of Saint Helena located?
A4: Falkland Islands and Ascension Island
Seven_Years%27_War (History)

The British Prime Minister, the Duke of Newcastle, was optimistic that the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe. However, a large French force was assembled at Toulon, and the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca in the Mediterranean. A British attempt at relief was foiled at the Battle of Minorca, and the island was captured on 28 June (for which Admiral Byng was court-martialed and executed). War between Britain and France had been formally declared on 18 May nearly two years after fighting had broken out in the Ohio Country.

Q1: What was the reason that the British Prime Minister thought that ware in Europe could be prevented?
A1: the new series of alliances could prevent war from breaking out in Europe
Q2: What country initiated conflict?
A2: the French opened the campaign against the British by an attack on Minorca
Q3: What was the result for Admiral Byng?
A3: Admiral Byng was court-martialed and executed
Q4: When was war declared between Britain and France?
A4: War between Britain and France had been formally declared on 18 May
Q5: How did the timing of the declaration of war compare to the conflicts in North America between Britain and France?
A5: nearly two years after fighting had broken out in the Ohio Country.
Aircraft_carrier (Warfare)

The British Royal Navy is constructing two new larger STOVL aircraft carriers, the Queen Elizabeth class, to replace the three Invincible-class carriers. The ships will be named HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales. They will be able to operate up to 40 aircraft in peace time with a tailored group of up to 50, and will have a displacement of 70,600 tonnes. The ships are due to become operational from 2020. Their primary aircraft complement will be made up of F-35B Lightning IIs, and their ship's company will number around 680 with the total complement rising to about 1,600 when the air group is embarked. Defensive weapons will include the Phalanx Close-In Weapons System for anti-aircraft and anti-missile defence; also 30 mm Automated Small Calibre Guns and miniguns for use against fast attack craft. The two ships will be the largest warships ever built for the Royal Navy.

Q1: What is the British Navy constructing to replace their three Invincible-class carriers?
A1: two new larger STOVL aircraft carriers, the Queen Elizabeth class
Q2: What will the 2 Queen Elizabeth class ships be named?
A2: HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales
Q3: When are the 2 Queen Elizabeth class ships due to become operational?
A3: 2020
Q4: How many tonnes can the Queen Elizabeth class ships displace?
A4: 70,600
Q5: How large will the two Queen Elizabeth ships be?
A5: the largest warships ever built for the Royal Navy
Anti-aircraft_warfare (Warfare)

The British adopted "effective ceiling", meaning the altitude at which a gun could deliver a series of shells against a moving target; this could be constrained by maximum fuse running time as well as the gun's capability. By the late 1930s the British definition was "that height at which a directly approaching target at 400 mph (=643.6 km/h) can be engaged for 20 seconds before the gun reaches 70 degrees elevation". However, effective ceiling for heavy AA guns was affected by non-ballistic factors:

Q1: What term is used to describe the altitude for a gun to shoot shells against a target that is moving?
A1: "effective ceiling"
Q2: Who adopted the use of the term, effective ceiling?
A2: The British
Q3: Along with other factors, how long must a target be engaged to have effective ceiling?
A3: for 20 seconds
Q4: What affected the effective ceiling for heavy AA guns?
A4: non-ballistic factors
British_Empire (History)

The British and French struggles in India became but one theatre of the global Seven Years' War (1756–1763) involving France, Britain and the other major European powers. The signing of the Treaty of Paris (1763) had important consequences for the future of the British Empire. In North America, France's future as a colonial power there was effectively ended with the recognition of British claims to Rupert's Land, and the ceding of New France to Britain (leaving a sizeable French-speaking population under British control) and Louisiana to Spain. Spain ceded Florida to Britain. Along with its victory over France in India, the Seven Years' War therefore left Britain as the world's most powerful maritime power.

Q1: When was the Seven Years' War?
A1: 1756–1763
Q2: When was the Treaty of Paris?
A2: 1763
Q3: Which country acquired New France from France?
A3: Britain
Q4: Which country acquired Louisiana from France?
A4: Spain
Q5: Which country acquired Florida from Spain?
A5: Britain
Anti-aircraft_warfare (Warfare)

The British dealt with range measurement first, when it was realised that range was the key to producing a better fuse setting. This led to the Height/Range Finder (HRF), the first model being the Barr & Stroud UB2, a 2-metre optical coincident rangefinder mounted on a tripod. It measured the distance to the target and the elevation angle, which together gave the height of the aircraft. These were complex instruments and various other methods were also used. The HRF was soon joined by the Height/Fuse Indicator (HFI), this was marked with elevation angles and height lines overlaid with fuse length curves, using the height reported by the HRF operator, the necessary fuse length could be read off.

Q1: What helped with better fuse setting?
A1: range measurement
Q2: What was the first model of HRF (Height Range Finder) used by the British?
A2: Barr & Stroud UB2
Q3: The HRF measured target distance and what else?
A3: elevation angle
Q4: What was the HRF used with to set fuses?
A4: Height/Fuse Indicator (HFI)
Q5: The fuse length could be set using height reported by whom?
A5: HRF operator
British_Empire (History)

The British declaration of war on Germany and its allies also committed the colonies and Dominions, which provided invaluable military, financial and material support. Over 2.5 million men served in the armies of the Dominions, as well as many thousands of volunteers from the Crown colonies. The contributions of Australian and New Zealand troops during the 1915 Gallipoli Campaign against the Ottoman Empire had a great impact on the national consciousness at home, and marked a watershed in the transition of Australia and New Zealand from colonies to nations in their own right. The countries continue to commemorate this occasion on Anzac Day. Canadians viewed the Battle of Vimy Ridge in a similar light. The important contribution of the Dominions to the war effort was recognised in 1917 by the British Prime Minister David Lloyd George when he invited each of the Dominion Prime Ministers to join an Imperial War Cabinet to co-ordinate imperial policy.

Q1: How many people were in the Dominions' armies?
A1: Over 2.5 million
Q2: When was the Gallipoli Campaign?
A2: 1915
Q3: Which British Prime Minister recognized the Dominions' contributions in 1917?
A3: David Lloyd George
Q4: The Imperial War Cabinet was created by which British Prime Minister?
A4: Gallipoli Campaign
Q5: The Gallipoli Campaign fought against which country?
A5: the Ottoman Empire
Florida (Geography and places)

The British divided Florida into the two colonies of British East Florida and British West Florida. The British government gave land grants to officers and soldiers who had fought in the French and Indian War in order to encourage settlement. In order to induce settlers to move to the two new colonies reports of the natural wealth of Florida were published in England. A large number of British colonists who were "energetic and of good character" moved to Florida, mostly coming from South Carolina, Georgia and England though there was also a group of settlers who came from the colony of Bermuda. This would be the first permanent English-speaking population in what is now Duval County, Baker County, St. Johns County and Nassau County. The British built good public roads and introduced the cultivation of sugar cane, indigo and fruits as well the export of lumber.

Q1: What were the names of the 2 British colony's in Florida 
A1: British East Florida and British West Florida
Q2: Who was given Florida land grants 
A2: officers and soldiers who had fought in the French and Indian War in order to encourage settlement
Q3: Where did a large number of British Colonist come to florida from 
A3: coming from South Carolina, Georgia and England though there was also a group of settlers who came from the colony of Bermuda
Q4: The first Permanent Colony in Florida is Now known as 
A4: what is now Duval County, Baker County, St. Johns County and Nassau County
Q5: What did the Colonist cultivate 
A5: the cultivation of sugar cane, indigo and fruits as well the export of lumber
Seven_Years%27_War (History)

The British government was close to bankruptcy, and Britain now faced the delicate task of pacifying its new French-Canadian subjects as well as the many American Indian tribes who had supported France. George III's Proclamation of 1763, which forbade white settlement beyond the crest of the Appalachians, was intended to appease the latter but led to considerable outrage in the Thirteen Colonies, whose inhabitants were eager to acquire native lands. The Quebec Act of 1774, similarly intended to win over the loyalty of French Canadians, also spurred resentment among American colonists. The act protected Catholic religion and French language, which enraged the Americans, but the Québécois remained loyal and did not rebel.

Q1: Who was George III trying to please with the Proclamation of 1763?
A1: American Indian tribes
Q2: Who was aggravated by the Proclamation of 1763?
A2: outrage in the Thirteen Colonies, whose inhabitants were eager to acquire native lands
Q3: Who did George III try to please with the Quebec Act of 1774?
A3: French Canadians
Q4: How did the Quebec Act of 1774 affect religion?
A4: The act protected Catholic religion
Q5: What did the Quebec Act of 1774 do about language?
A5: The act protected Catholic religion and French language
Anti-aircraft_warfare (Warfare)

The British had already arranged licence building of the Bofors 40 mm, and introduced these into service. These had the power to knock down aircraft of any size, yet were light enough to be mobile and easily swung. The gun became so important to the British war effort that they even produced a movie, The Gun, that encouraged workers on the assembly line to work harder. The Imperial measurement production drawings the British had developed were supplied to the Americans who produced their own (unlicensed) copy of the 40 mm at the start of the war, moving to licensed production in mid-1941.

Q1: What did the British get a license to build?
A1: the Bofors 40 mm
Q2: While light, the Bofors 40mm were powerful enough to take down what size aircraft?
A2: aircraft of any size
Q3: What was produced to inspire people on the assembly line to work harder?
A3: a movie
Q4: What was the movie made to inspire assembly line workers called?
A4: The Gun
Q5: Who started making an unlicensed version of the 40mm at the beginning of the war?
A5: Americans
High-definition_television (Engineering and technology)

The British high-definition TV service started trials in August 1936 and a regular service on 2 November 1936 using both the (mechanical) Baird 240 line sequential scan (later to be inaccurately rechristened 'progressive') and the (electronic) Marconi-EMI 405 line interlaced systems. The Baird system was discontinued in February 1937. In 1938 France followed with their own 441-line system, variants of which were also used by a number of other countries. The US NTSC 525-line system joined in 1941. In 1949 France introduced an even higher-resolution standard at 819 lines, a system that should have been high definition even by today's standards, but was monochrome only and the technical limitations of the time prevented it from achieving the definition of which it should have been capable. All of these systems used interlacing and a 4:3 aspect ratio except the 240-line system which was progressive (actually described at the time by the technically correct term "sequential") and the 405-line system which started as 5:4 and later changed to 4:3. The 405-line system adopted the (at that time) revolutionary idea of interlaced scanning to overcome the flicker problem of the 240-line with its 25 Hz frame rate. The 240-line system could have doubled its frame rate but this would have meant that the transmitted signal would have doubled in bandwidth, an unacceptable option as the video baseband bandwidth was required to be not more than 3 MHz.

Q1: Who started trials in August 1936?
A1: The British high-definition TV service
Q2: When was the Baird system discontinued?
A2: February 1937
Q3: Which country developed the 441-line system?
A3: France
Q4: What prevented France's 819-line system from achieving the definition it was capable of?
A4: the technical limitations of the time
Q5: Which system used interlaced scanning to correct the flicker problem of the 240-line?
A5: 405-line system
Anti-aircraft_warfare (Warfare)

The British recognised the need for anti-aircraft capability a few weeks before World War I broke out; on 8 July 1914, the New York Times reported that the British government had decided to 'dot the coasts of the British Isles with a series of towers, each armed with two quick-firing guns of special design,' while 'a complete circle of towers' was to be built around 'naval installations' and 'at other especially vulnerable points.' By December 1914 the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) was manning AA guns and searchlights assembled from various sources at some nine ports. The Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) was given responsibility for AA defence in the field, using motorised two-gun sections. The first were formally formed in November 1914. Initially they used QF 1-pounder "pom-pom" (a 37 mm version of the Maxim Gun).

Q1: When did the British see the need to add anti-aircraft capability?
A1: 8 July 1914
Q2: Where did the New York times report say towers with guns should go?
A2: the coasts of the British Isles
Q3: What was built around naval installations?
A3: complete circle of towers
Q4: Who manned AA guns and searchlights?
A4: Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR)
Q5: Who used motorised two-gun sections?
A5: Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA)
Military_history_of_the_United_States (History)

The British, for their part, lacked both a unified command and a clear strategy for winning. With the use of the Royal Navy, the British were able to capture coastal cities, but control of the countryside eluded them. A British sortie from Canada in 1777 ended with the disastrous surrender of a British army at Saratoga. With the coming in 1777 of General von Steuben, the training and discipline along Prussian lines began, and the Continental Army began to evolve into a modern force. France and Spain then entered the war against Great Britain as Allies of the US, ending its naval advantage and escalating the conflict into a world war. The Netherlands later joined France, and the British were outnumbered on land and sea in a world war, as they had no major allies apart from Indian tribes.

Q1: What battle ended a British invasion from Canada in the Revolutionary War?
A1: Saratoga
Q2: When was the battle of Saratoga fought?
A2: 1777
Q3: What Prussian expatriate helped train the Continental army?
A3: General von Steuben
Q4: What two European countries entered the Revolutionary War against Britain?
A4: France and Spain
Q5: What advantage did Britain lose when the European countries entered the war?
A5: its naval advantage