LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Kanye_West (Music)

West's outspoken views and ventures outside of music have received significant mainstream attention. He has been a frequent source of controversy and public scrutiny for his conduct at award shows, on social media, and in other public settings. His more publicized comments include his declaration that President George W. Bush "doesn't care about black people" during a live 2005 television broadcast for Hurricane Katrina relief, and his interruption of singer Taylor Swift at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards. West's efforts as a designer include collaborations with Nike, Louis Vuitton, and A.P.C. on both clothing and footwear, and have most prominently resulted in the Yeezy Season collaboration with Adidas beginning in 2013. He is the founder and head of the creative content company DONDA.

Q1: What President did Kanye West insult on air in 2005?
A1: George W. Bush
Q2: Whose speech did Kanye West ruin at the 2009 MTV Awards?
A2: Taylor Swift
Q3: What fashion items does Kanye West design?
A3: clothing and footwear
Q4: What company did Kanye West begin?
A4: DONDA
Q5: What year did Kanye West begin working with Adidas?
A5: 2013
Kanye_West (Music)

West's third studio album, Graduation, garnered major publicity when its release date pitted West in a sales competition against rapper 50 Cent's Curtis. Upon their September 2007 releases, Graduation outsold Curtis by a large margin, debuting at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart and selling 957,000 copies in its first week. Graduation once again continued the string of critical and commercial successes by West, and the album's lead single, "Stronger", garnered the rapper his third number-one hit. "Stronger", which samples French house duo Daft Punk, has been accredited to not only encouraging other hip-hop artists to incorporate house and electronica elements into their music, but also for playing a part in the revival of disco and electro-infused music in the late 2000s. Ben Detrick of XXL cited the outcome of the sales competition between 50 Cent's Curtis and West's Graduation as being responsible for altering the direction of hip-hop and paving the way for new rappers who didn't follow the hardcore-gangster mold, writing, "If there was ever a watershed moment to indicate hip-hop's changing direction, it may have come when 50 Cent competed with Kanye in 2007 to see whose album would claim superior sales."

Q1: What was the name of Kanye's third album?
A1: Graduation
Q2: Kanye released Graduation at the same time of what other famous rapper, thus drawing media comparison?
A2: 50 Cent
Q3: How many copies did Graduation sell in its first week of release? 
A3: 957,000
Q4: What famous electronic duo did Kanye sample on his third album?
A4: Daft Punk
Q5: What was the name of Kanye West's third CD?
A5: Graduation
Q6: What artist was Kanye's third album release competing against?
A6: 50 Cent
Q7: What music group was in Kanye's first release off of Graduation?
A7: Daft Punk
Kanye_West (Music)

West, alongside his mother, founded the "Kanye West Foundation" in Chicago in 2003, tasked with a mission to battle dropout and illiteracy rates, while partnering with community organizations to provide underprivileged youth access to music education. In 2007, the West and the Foundation partnered with Strong American Schools as part of their "Ed in '08" campaign. As spokesman for the campaign, West appeared in a series of PSAs for the organization, and hosted an inaugural benefit concert in August of that year.

Q1: With the help of his mom, what foundation did Kanye create early in his career?
A1: Kanye West Foundation
Q2: What is the goal of the Kanye West Foundation?
A2: battle dropout and illiteracy rates, while partnering with community organizations to provide underprivileged youth access to music education
Q3: What was founded by Kanye West and his mother?
A3: Kanye West Foundation
Q4: In What year did the Kanye West Foundation Partner with Strong American Schools? 
A4: 2007
Q5: Where was the "Kanye West Foundation" founded?
A5: Chicago
Q6: What other mission besides dropout and illiteracy rates did the Kanye West Foundation seek to improve?
A6: music education
Q7: What campaign did the Kanye West Foundation partner with in 2007?
A7: "Ed in '08"
Q8: In what month was the inaugural concert held for the "Ed in '08" campaign?
A8: August
Aspirated_consonant (Language and literature)

Western Armenian has a two-way distinction between aspirated and voiced: /tʰ d/. Western Armenian aspirated /tʰ/ corresponds to Eastern Armenian aspirated /tʰ/ and voiced /d/, and Western voiced /d/ corresponds to Eastern voiceless /t/.

Q1: What language has two-way distinctions between aspirated and voiced?
A1: Western Armenian
Q2: Western Armenian /tʰ/ compares to eastern Armenian /tʰ/ and what?
A2: /d/
Q3: The Western Armenian voiced /d/ compares to the Eastern Armenian voiceless what?
A3: /t/
Catalan_language (Language and literature)

Western Catalan comprises the two dialects of Northwestern Catalan and Valencian; the Eastern block comprises four dialects: Central Catalan, Balearic, Rossellonese, and Alguerese. Each dialect can be further subdivided in several subdialects.

Q1: What two dialects does Western Catalan include?
A1: Northwestern Catalan and Valencian
Q2: How many dialects are in the eastern group?
A2: four
Q3: To what division does Central Catalan belong?
A3: Eastern block
Q4: What other divisions can be made of dialects?
A4: subdialects
Q5: What block does Northwestern Catalan and Valencian belong to?
A5: Western Catalan
Jews (History)

Western Europe's largest Jewish community, and the third-largest Jewish community in the world, can be found in France, home to between 483,000 and 500,000 Jews, the majority of whom are immigrants or refugees from North African Arab countries such as Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia (or their descendants). The United Kingdom has a Jewish community of 292,000. In Eastern Europe, there are anywhere from 350,000 to one million Jews living in the former Soviet Union, but exact figures are difficult to establish. In Germany, the 102,000 Jews registered with the Jewish community are a slowly declining population, despite the immigration of tens of thousands of Jews from the former Soviet Union since the fall of the Berlin Wall. Thousands of Israelis also live in Germany, either permanently or temporarily, for economic reasons.

Q1: Where is Western Europe's largest Jewish community?
A1: France
Q2: How many Jews live in France?
A2: between 483,000 and 500,000
Q3: What is the population of Jews in the United Kingdom?
A3: 292,000
Daylight_saving_time (Engineering and technology)

Western France, Spain, and other areas skew time zones and shift clocks, in effect observing DST in winter with an extra hour in summer. Nome, Alaska, is at 165°24′ W longitude, which is just west of center of the idealized Samoa Time Zone (165° W), but Nome observes Alaska Time (135° W) with DST, so it is slightly more than two hours ahead of the sun in winter and three in summer. Double daylight saving time has been used on occasion; for example, it was used in some European countries during and shortly after World War II when it was referred to as "Double Summer Time". See British Double Summer Time and Central European Midsummer Time for details.

Q1: Places like Spain and parts of France effectively go by DST in the winter but add what in the summer?
A1: an extra hour
Q2: During the summer in Nome, about how many hours ahead of the sun do they set their clocks?
A2: three
Q3: What term was used in Britain for double daylight saving time?
A3: Double Summer Time
Q4: What's a third name for double daylight saving time or Double Summer Time used in Europe?
A4: Central European Midsummer Time
Madrasa (Language and literature)

Western commentators post-9/11 often perceive madaris as places of radical revivalism with a connotation of anti-Americanism and radical extremism, frequently associated in the Western press with Wahhabi attitudes toward non-Muslims. In Arabic the word madrasa simply means "school" and does not imply a political or religious affiliation, radical or otherwise. Madaris have varied curricula, and are not all religious. Some madaris in India, for example, have a secularised identity. Although early madaris were founded primarily to gain "knowledge of God" they also taught subjects such as mathematics and poetry. For example, in the Ottoman Empire, "Madrasahs had seven categories of sciences that were taught, such as: styles of writing, oral sciences like the Arabic language, grammar, rhetoric, and history and intellectual sciences, such as logic." This is similar to the Western world, in which universities began as institutions of the Catholic church.

Q1: What is the common western perception of the teaching received at madaris?
A1: anti-Americanism and radical extremism
Q2: What type of content is delivered at madaris?
A2: varied curricula
Q3: What type of teaching is provided at Indian madaris?
A3: secularised
Q4: What are the origins of western schools?
A4: institutions of the Catholic church
Q5: How many science disciplines were taught at madaris in the Ottoman Empire?
A5: seven
Emotion (Natural sciences)

Western philosophy regarded emotion in varying ways. In stoic theories it was seen as a hindrance to reason and therefore a hindrance to virtue. Aristotle believed that emotions were an essential component of virtue. In the Aristotelian view all emotions (called passions) corresponded to appetites or capacities. During the Middle Ages, the Aristotelian view was adopted and further developed by scholasticism and Thomas Aquinas in particular. There are also theories of emotions in the works of philosophers such as René Descartes, Niccolò Machiavelli, Baruch Spinoza and David Hume. In the 19th century emotions were considered adaptive and were studied more frequently from an empiricist psychiatric perspective.

Q1: What school of thought saw emotion as an impediment to virtue?
A1: stoic
Q2: What thinker believed that emotions were necessary for virtue?
A2: Aristotle
Q3: What did the Aristotelians call emotions?
A3: passions
Q4: Who was a notable scholastic thinker?
A4: Thomas Aquinas
Q5: Along with Descartes, Machiavelli and Hume, what notable philosopher developed a theory of emotions?
A5: Baruch Spinoza
Political_philosophy (History)

Western political philosophy originates in the philosophy of ancient Greece, where political philosophy dates back to at least Plato. Ancient Greece was dominated by city-states, which experimented with various forms of political organization, grouped by Plato into four categories: timocracy, tyranny, democracy and oligarchy. One of the first, extremely important classical works of political philosophy is Plato's Republic, which was followed by Aristotle's Nichomachean Ethics and Politics. Roman political philosophy was influenced by the Stoics, including the Roman statesman Cicero.

Q1: Western political philosophy originates in what philosophy?
A1: ancient Greece
Q2: What philosophy has dates back to at least Plato?
A2: philosophy of ancient Greece
Q3: Ancient Greece was dominated by what?
A3: city-states
Westminster_Abbey (Art and architecture)

Westminster Abbey is a collegiate church governed by the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, as established by Royal charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1560, which created it as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster and a Royal Peculiar under the personal jurisdiction of the Sovereign. The members of the Chapter are the Dean and four canons residentiary, assisted by the Receiver General and Chapter Clerk. One of the canons is also Rector of St Margaret's Church, Westminster, and often holds also the post of Chaplain to the Speaker of the House of Commons.

Q1: What kind of church is Westminster Abbey?
A1: collegiate church
Q2: Who created Westminster Abbey as the Collegiate Church of St Peter Westminster?
A2: Queen Elizabeth I
Q3: Who governs the church?
A3: the Dean and Chapter of Westminster
Q4: Who are the members of the chapter of Westminster?
A4: the Dean and four canons residentiary
Q5: Who assist the chapter of Westminster?
A5: the Receiver General and Chapter Clerk
Westminster_Abbey (Art and architecture)

Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is one of the most notable religious buildings in the United Kingdom and has been the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English and, later, British monarchs. Between 1540 and 1556 the abbey had the status of a cathedral. Since 1560, however, the building is no longer an abbey nor a cathedral, having instead the status of a Church of England "Royal Peculiar"—a church responsible directly to the sovereign. The building itself is the original abbey church.

Q1: What is the formal name of Westminster Abbey?
A1: the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster
Q2: Where is Westminster Abbey located?
A2: City of Westminster, London
Q3: When was Westminster Abbey a cathedral?
A3: Between 1540 and 1556
Q4: What has been the status of Westminster Abbey since 1560?
A4: Church of England "Royal Peculiar"
Westminster_Abbey (Art and architecture)

Westminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School are also in the precincts of the abbey. It was natural for the learned and literate monks to be entrusted with education, and Benedictine monks were required by the Pope to maintain a charity school in 1179. The Choir School educates and trains the choirboys who sing for services in the Abbey.

Q1: What are also in the precincts of Westminster Abbey?
A1: Westminster School and Westminster Abbey Choir School
Q2: Who required the Benedictine monks to maintain a charity school?
A2: the Pope
Q3: When were the Benedictine monks required to maintain a charity school?
A3: 1179
Q4: The choirboys of the abbey are trained where?
A4: Westminster Abbey Choir School
Westminster_Abbey (Art and architecture)

Westminster diocese was dissolved in 1550, but the abbey was recognised (in 1552, retroactively to 1550) as a second cathedral of the Diocese of London until 1556. The already-old expression "robbing Peter to pay Paul" may have been given a new lease of life when money meant for the abbey, which is dedicated to Saint Peter, was diverted to the treasury of St Paul's Cathedral.

Q1: When was Westminster Diocese dissolved?
A1: 1550
Q2: The abbey was recognised as what until 1556?
A2: a second cathedral of the Diocese of London
Q3: Who is the abbey dedicated to?
A3: Saint Peter
The_Blitz (History)

Wever argued that the Luftwaffe General Staff should not be solely educated in tactical and operational matters. He argued they should be educated in grand strategy, war economics, armament production, and the mentality of potential opponents (also known as mirror imaging). Wever's vision was not realised; the General Staff studies in those subjects fell by the wayside, and the Air Academies focused on tactics, technology, and operational planning, rather than on independent strategic air offensives.

Q1: Who said the Luftwaffe General Staff should be taught grand strategy?
A1: Wever
Q2: What is the mentality of potential opponents also known as?
A2: mirror imaging
Q3: What did the Air Academies not focus on?
A3: independent strategic air offensives
Q4: What army does the general staff belong to?
A4: the Luftwaffe
Circadian_rhythm (Natural sciences)

What drove circadian rhythms to evolve has been an enigmatic question. Previous hypotheses emphasized that photosensitive proteins and circadian rhythms may have originated together in the earliest cells, with the purpose of protecting replicating DNA from high levels of damaging ultraviolet radiation during the daytime. As a result, replication was relegated to the dark. However, evidence for this is lacking, since the simplest organisms with a circadian rhythm, the cyanobacteria, do the opposite of this - they divide more in the daytime. Recent studies instead highlight the importance of co-evolution of redox proteins with circadian oscillators in all three kingdoms of life following the Great Oxidation Event approximately 2.3 billion years ago. The current view is that circadian changes in environmental oxygen levels and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of daylight are likely to have driven a need to evolve circadian rhythms to preempt, and therefore counteract, damaging redox reactions on a daily basis.

Q1: What is theorized to have evolved with circadian rhythms?
A1: photosensitive proteins
Q2: What is thought that circadian rhythm evolved to protect?
A2: replicating DNA
Q3: From what did  DNA need to be protected in the earliest cells? 
A3: ultraviolet radiation
Q4: One possible reason for the development of the circadian system is the need to counteract what ?
A4: redox reactions
Q5: What environmental event occurred 2.3 million years ago?
A5: Great Oxidation Event
Child_labour (Social sciences and society)

What industries children work in depends on if they grew up in a rural area or an urban area. Children who were born in urban areas often found themselves working for street vendors, washing cars, helping in construction sites, weaving clothing, and sometimes even working as exotic dancers. While children who grew up in rural areas would work on farms doing physical labour, working with animals, and selling crops. Of all the child workers, the most serious cases involved street children and trafficked children due to the physical and emotional abuse they endured by their employers. To address the issue of child labour, the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child Act was implemented in 1959. Yet due to poverty, lack of education and ignorance, the legal actions were not/are not wholly enforced or accepted in Africa.

Q1: Where did children from urban areas primarily work?
A1: street vendors, washing cars, helping in construction sites, weaving clothing, and sometimes even working as exotic dancers
Q2: Where did children from rural areas work?
A2: farms
Q3: When was the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child Act implemented?
A3: 1959
Q4: What was the most serious aftereffects of child labour?
A4: physical and emotional abuse
Iranian_languages (Language and literature)

What is known in Iranian linguistic history as the "Middle Iranian" era is thought to begin around the 4th century BCE lasting through the 9th century. Linguistically the Middle Iranian languages are conventionally classified into two main groups, Western and Eastern.

Q1: When did the age of Middle Iranian come to a close?
A1: 9th century
Q2: What are the two main divisions of Middle Iranian?
A2: Western and Eastern
Central_African_Republic (Geography and places)

What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited for millennia; however, the country's current borders were established by France, which ruled the country as a colony starting in the late 19th century. After gaining independence from France in 1960, the Central African Republic was ruled by a series of autocratic leaders; by the 1990s, calls for democracy led to the first multi-party democratic elections in 1993. Ange-Félix Patassé became president, but was later removed by General François Bozizé in the 2003 coup. The Central African Republic Bush War began in 2004 and, despite a peace treaty in 2007 and another in 2011, fighting broke out between various factions in December 2012, leading to ethnic and religious cleansing of the Muslim minority and massive population displacement in 2013 and 2014.

Q1: Who established CAR's borders?
A1: France
Q2: What country ruled CAR as a colony?
A2: France
Q3: When did CAR become independent?
A3: in 1960
Q4: Who was the first democratically elected President?
A4: Ange-Félix Patassé
Q5: What religion is a minority in CAR?
A5: Muslim minority
Neoclassical_architecture (Art and architecture)

What little there was, started with Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80), and Claude Nicolas Ledoux's Barriere des Bonshommes (1785–89). First-hand evidence of Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French, due to the influence of Marc-Antoine Laugier's doctrines that sought to discern the principles of the Greeks instead of their mere practices. It would take until Laboustre's Neo-Grec of the second Empire for the Greek revival to flower briefly in France.

Q1: What is the earliest example of Greek architecture in France?
A1: Charles de Wailly's crypt in the church of St Leu-St Gilles (1773–80
Q2: How concerned was France with Greek architecture?
A2: Greek architecture was of very little importance to the French
Q3: Who's influence brought about Greek revival in France?
A3: Laboustre
Q4: In which wave of neoclassical was the greek revival in France?
A4: second Empire
PlayStation_3 (Video games)

What's New was announced at Gamescom 2009 and was released on September 1, 2009, with PlayStation 3 system software 3.0. The feature was to replace the existing [Information Board], which displayed news from the PlayStation website associated with the user's region. The concept was developed further into a major PlayStation Network feature, which interacts with the [Status Indicator] to display a ticker of all content, excluding recently played content (currently in North America and Japan only).

Q1: What new feature for PS3 was released in September of 2009?
A1: What's New
Q2: At what event did Sony announce What's New?
A2: Gamescom
Q3: What did What's New replace?
A3: Information Board
Q4: What type of information is disseminated through What's New?
A4: news
Q5: What's geographical area does What's New tailor information to for each user?
A5: region
Mandolin (Music)

When Cowan Powers and his family recorded their old-time music from 1924-1926, his daughter Orpha Powers was one of the earliest known southern-music artists to record with the mandolin. By the 1930s, single mandolins were becoming more commonly used in southern string band music, most notably by brother duets such as the sedate Blue Sky Boys (Bill Bolick and Earl Bolick) and the more hard-driving Monroe Brothers (Bill Monroe and Charlie Monroe). However, the mandolin's modern popularity in country music can be directly traced to one man: Bill Monroe, the father of bluegrass music. After the Monroe Brothers broke up in 1939, Bill Monroe formed his own group, after a brief time called the Blue Grass Boys, and completed the transition of mandolin styles from a "parlor" sound typical of brother duets to the modern "bluegrass" style. He joined the Grand Ole Opry in 1939 and its powerful clear-channel broadcast signal on WSM-AM spread his style throughout the South, directly inspiring many musicians to take up the mandolin. Monroe famously played Gibson F-5 mandolin, signed and dated July 9, 1923, by Lloyd Loar, chief acoustic engineer at Gibson. The F-5 has since become the most imitated tonally and aesthetically by modern builders.

Q1: What family recorded an old-time music in 1924-1926?
A1: Cowan Powers and his family
Q2: Who was the earliest known southern music artist?
A2: Orpha Powers
Q3: What type of mandolin was becoming popular by 1930's? 
A3: single mandolins
Q4: Who was considered the father of Bluegrass music?
A4: Bill Monroe
Q5: What was Bill Monroe's group called? 
A5: Blue Grass Boys