LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
American_Idol (Music)

Chris Daughtry's performance of Fuel's "Hemorrhage (In My Hands)" on the show was widely praised and led to an invitation to join the band as Fuel's new lead singer, an invitation he declined. His performance of Live's version of "I Walk the Line" was well received by the judges but later criticized in some quarters for not crediting the arrangement to Live. He was eliminated at the top four in a shocking result.

Q1: Which contestant did the band Fuel ask to be their new lead singer?
A1: Chris Daughtry
Q2: Which season five contestant caused controversy with their performance of I Walk the Line?
A2: Chris Daughtry
Q3: Which contestant was surprisingly eliminated during the week of the top four?
A3: Chris Daughtry
Q4: Who performed a Fuel song on this season?
A4: Chris Daughtry
Q5: Fuel asked Chris Daughtry to become what?
A5: lead singer
Q6: Who was eliminated in the Top 4 show?
A6: Chris Daughtry
Q7: Which song performance did he receive both praise and criticism for?
A7: I Walk the Line
Q8: Why did he receive criticism for I Walk the Line
A8: not crediting the arrangement to Live
Nigeria (History)

Christian missions established Western educational institutions in the Protectorates. Under Britain's policy of indirect rule and validation of Islamic tradition, the Crown did not encourage the operation of Christian missions in the northern, Islamic part of the country. Some children of the southern elite went to Great Britain to pursue higher education. By independence in 1960, regional differences in modern educational access were marked. The legacy, though less pronounced, continues to the present-day. Imbalances between North and South were expressed in Nigeria's political life as well. For instance, northern Nigeria did not outlaw slavery until 1936 whilst in other parts of Nigeria slavery was abolished soon after colonialism.

Q1: What religion built Western schools in Nigeria?
A1: Christian
Q2: Britain discouraged building Christian missions in which part of Nigeria?
A2: northern
Q3: What religion was the majority in the northern part of Nigeria?
A3: Islamic
Q4: When did Nigeria receive independence?
A4: 1960
Q5: When did northern Nigeria ban slavery?
A5: 1936
Mosaic (Art and architecture)

Christian mosaic art also flourished in Rome, gradually declining as conditions became more difficult in the Early Middle Ages. 5th century mosaics can be found over the triumphal arch and in the nave of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The 27 surviving panels of the nave are the most important mosaic cycle in Rome of this period. Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. In the apse mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti (462–472, destroyed in 1589) Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side. At Sant'Andrea in Catabarbara (468–483, destroyed in 1686) Christ appeared in the center, flanked on either side by three Apostles. Four streams flowed from the little mountain supporting Christ. The original 5th-century apse mosaic of the Santa Sabina was replaced by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari in 1559. The composition probably remained unchanged: Christ flanked by male and female saints, seated on a hill while lambs drinking from a stream at its feet. All three mosaics had a similar iconography.

Q1: When did conditions become difficult for mosaic art in Rome?
A1: the Early Middle Ages
Q2: When was the mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti destroyed?
A2: 1589
Q3: What was similar between the three most important 5th century mosaics?
A3: iconography
Q4: When was the mosaic at Santa Sabina replaced with a fresco?
A4: 1559
Q5: Who was the artist that painted the fresco that replaced the mosaic at Santa Sobina?
A5: Taddeo Zuccari
Idealism (Philosophy and religion)

Christian theologians have held idealist views, often based on Neoplatonism, despite the influence of Aristotelian scholasticism from the 12th century onward. Later western theistic idealism such as that of Hermann Lotze offers a theory of the "world ground" in which all things find their unity: it has been widely accepted by Protestant theologians. Several modern religious movements, for example the organizations within the New Thought Movement and the Unity Church, may be said to have a particularly idealist orientation. The theology of Christian Science includes a form of idealism: it teaches that all that truly exists is God and God's ideas; that the world as it appears to the senses is a distortion of the underlying spiritual reality, a distortion that may be corrected (both conceptually and in terms of human experience) through a reorientation (spiritualization) of thought.

Q1: In what philosophy was Christian idealism often rooted?
A1: Neoplatonism
Q2: What philosophy influential in the medieval church was opposed to Christian idealism?
A2: Aristotelian scholasticism
Q3: In what century did Christian thought begin to be influenced by the scholasticism of Aristotle?
A3: 12th
Q4: Along with the Unity Church, what contemporary religious movement may be regarded as idealist?
A4: New Thought
Q5: What notable idealist was responsible for a "world ground" theory?
A5: Hermann Lotze
New_York_City (Geography and places)

Christianity (59%), particularly Catholicism (33%), was the most prevalently practiced religion in New York as of 2014, followed by Judaism, with approximately 1.1 million Jews in New York City, over half living in Brooklyn. Islam ranks third in New York City, with official estimates ranging between 600,000 and 1,000,000 observers and including 10% of the city's public schoolchildren, followed by Hinduism, Buddhism, and a variety of other religions, as well as atheism. In 2014, 24% self-identified with no organized religious affiliation.

Q1: What percentage of New Yorkers are Christians?
A1: 59%
Q2: What percentage of New Yorkers follow the Catholic faith?
A2: 33%
Q3: About how many Jews live in New York City?
A3: 1.1 million
Q4: What borough has the largest population of Jewish people?
A4: Brooklyn
Q5: What is the third most popular faith in New York City?
A5: Islam
Q6: What was the most prominent religion in New York as of 2014?
A6: Christianity
Q7: The second most prominent religion in New York is what?
A7: Judaism
Q8: Half the population of Jews live in what borough of New York City?
A8: Brooklyn
Q9: What percentage of people in 2014 had no religion?
A9: 24
Q10: The third most popular religion in NYC is what?
A10: Islam
Tuvalu (Geography and places)

Christianity came to Tuvalu in 1861 when Elekana, a deacon of a Congregational church in Manihiki, Cook Islands became caught in a storm and drifted for 8 weeks before landing at Nukulaelae on 10 May 1861. Elekana began proselytising Christianity. He was trained at Malua Theological College, a London Missionary Society (LMS) school in Samoa, before beginning his work in establishing the Church of Tuvalu. In 1865 the Rev. A. W. Murray of the LMS – a Protestant congregationalist missionary society – arrived as the first European missionary where he too proselytised among the inhabitants of Tuvalu. By 1878 Protestantism was well established with preachers on each island. In the later 19th and early 20th centuries the ministers of what became the Church of Tuvalu (Te Ekalesia Kelisiano Tuvalu) were predominantly Samoans, who influenced the development of the Tuvaluan language and the music of Tuvalu.

Q1: When did Christianity arrive in Tuvalu?
A1: 1861
Q2: What church deacon was washed ashore on Nukulaelae?
A2: Elekana
Q3: What missionary was the first European missionary to come to Tuvalu?
A3: Rev. A. W. Murray
Q4: Of what nationality were most of the ministers of the Church of Tuvalu?
A4: Samoans
Galicia_(Spain) (Geography and places)

Christianity is the most widely practised religion in Galicia, as it has been since its introduction in Late Antiquity, although it lived alongside the old Gallaeci religion for a few centuries. Today about 73% of Galicians identify themselves as Christians. The largest form of Christianity practised in the present day is Catholicism, though only 20% of the population described themselves as active members. The Catholic Church in Galicia has had its primatial seat in Santiago de Compostela since the 12th century.

Q1: What is Galicia's most widespread religion?
A1: Christianity
Q2: What percentage of Galicians identify with this religion?
A2: 73%
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Christianity is the predominant religion of Switzerland (about 71% of resident population and 75% of Swiss citizens), divided between the Catholic Church (38.21% of the population), the Swiss Reformed Church (26.93%), further Protestant churches (2.89%) and other Christian denominations (2.79%). There has been a recent rise in Evangelicalism. Immigration has brought Islam (4.95%) and Eastern Orthodoxy (around 2%) as sizeable minority religions. According to a 2015 poll by Gallup International, 12% of Swiss people self-identified as "convinced atheists."

Q1: What is the predominant religion of Switzerland?
A1: Christianity
Q2: What religion has immigration brought by 4.95%? 
A2: Islam
Q3: What religion has immigration brought by 2%?
A3: Eastern Orthodoxy
Q4: According to a 2015 Gallup Poll, what percentage of Swiss people are convinced atheists?
A4: 12%
Q5: What percentage of the Christian population is Catholic?
A5: 38.21%
Christian (Language and literature)

Christianity remains the dominant religion in the Western World, where 70% are Christians. A 2011 Pew Research Center survey found that 76.2% of Europeans, 73.3% in Oceania, and about 86.0% in the Americas (90% in Latin America and 77.4% in North America) described themselves as Christians.

Q1: More people belong to what religion than any other in the Western world?
A1: Christianity
Middle_Ages (History)

Christianity was a major unifying factor between Eastern and Western Europe before the Arab conquests, but the conquest of North Africa sundered maritime connections between those areas. Increasingly the Byzantine Church differed in language, practices, and liturgy from the western Church. The eastern church used Greek instead of the western Latin. Theological and political differences emerged, and by the early and middle 8th century issues such as iconoclasm, clerical marriage, and state control of the church had widened to the extent that the cultural and religious differences were greater than the similarities. The formal break came in 1054, when the papacy and the patriarchy of Constantinople clashed over papal supremacy and excommunicated each other, which led to the division of Christianity into two churches—the western branch became the Roman Catholic Church and the eastern branch the Orthodox Church.

Q1: What language was used by the eastern church?
A1: Greek
Q2: What language did the western church use?
A2: Latin
Q3: When did the eastern and western churches split?
A3: 1054
Q4: Over what issue did the eastern and western churches split?
A4: papal supremacy
Q5: What was the eastern church subsequently known as?
A5: the Orthodox Church
Alps (Geography and places)

Christianity was established in the region by the Romans, and saw the establishment of monasteries and churches in the high regions. The Frankish expansion of the Carolingian Empire and the Bavarian expansion in the eastern Alps introduced feudalism and the building of castles to support the growing number of dukedoms and kingdoms. Castello del Buonconsiglio in Trento, Italy, still has intricate frescoes, excellent examples of Gothic art, in a tower room. In Switzerland, Château de Chillon is preserved as an example of medieval architecture.

Q1: Who established Christianity in the region?
A1: Romans
Q2: What did the Frankish expansion and the Bavarian expansion introduce?
A2: feudalism
Q3: What area still has intricate frescoes?
A3: Castello del Buonconsiglio in Trento, Italy
Q4: What is preserved as an example of medieval architecture?
A4: Château de Chillon
Iran (Geography and places)

Christianity, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, and the Sunni branch of Islam are officially recognized by the government, and have reserved seats in the Iranian Parliament. But the Bahá'í Faith, which is said to be the largest non-Muslim religious minority in Iran, is not officially recognized, and has been persecuted during its existence in Iran since the 19th century. Since the 1979 Revolution, the persecution of Bahais has increased with executions, the denial of civil rights and liberties, and the denial of access to higher education and employment.

Q1: What other branch of Islam is recognized by the Iranian government?
A1: Sunni branch
Q2: Are the religious minorities in Iran - Christianity, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, and Sunnis - a part of the Iranian Parliament?
A2: have reserved seats
Q3: What religious minority is not officially recognized by the Iranian government?
A3: the Bahá'í Faith
Q4: How long has the Bahai Faith been persecuted in Iran?
A4: since the 19th century
Q5: Which religious minority since the 1979 Revolution has been persecuted and in some cases executed by the Iranian government?
A5: the Bahá'í Faith
Crucifixion_of_Jesus (Philosophy and religion)

Christians believe that Jesus’ death was instrumental in restoring humankind to relationship with God. Christians believe that through faith in Jesus’ substitutionary death and triumphant resurrection people are reunited with God and receive new joy and power in this life as well as eternal life in heaven after the body’s death. Thus the crucifixion of Jesus along with his resurrection restores access to a vibrant experience of God’s presence, love and grace as well as the confidence of eternal life.

Q1: What do Christians believe regarding Jesus' death?
A1: instrumental in restoring humankind to relationship with God
Q2: How are people united with God?
A2: through faith in Jesus’ substitutionary death
Q3: What specific fact do Christians believe about death?
A3: eternal life in heaven after the body’s death
Q4: Jesus's Resurrection fills believer with what?
A4: confidence of eternal life
Q5: What feeling usually fills a believer regarding the resurrection?
A5: joy
Spectre_(2015_film) (Media and drama)

Christoph Waltz was cast in the role of Franz Oberhauser, though he refused to comment on the nature of the part. It was later revealed with the film's release that he is Ernst Stavro Blofeld. Dave Bautista was cast as Mr. Hinx after producers sought an actor with a background in contact sports. After casting Bérénice Lim Marlohe, a relative newcomer, as Sévérine in Skyfall, Mendes consciously sought out a more experienced actor for the role of Madeleine Swann, ultimately casting Léa Seydoux in the role. Monica Bellucci joined the cast as Lucia Sciarra, becoming, at the age of fifty, the oldest actress to be cast as a Bond girl. In a separate interview with Danish website Euroman, Jesper Christensen revealed he would be reprising his role as Mr. White from Casino Royale and Quantum of Solace. Christensen's character was reportedly killed off in a scene intended to be used as an epilogue to Quantum of Solace, before it was removed from the final cut of the film, enabling his return in Spectre.

Q1: Who did Christoph Waltz portray in Spectre?
A1: Franz Oberhauser
Q2: What is Franz Oberhauser's other name?
A2: Ernst Stavro Blofeld
Q3: Who played Severine in the previous Bond film?
A3: Bérénice Lim Marlohe
Q4: In what movie was Mr. White originally supposed to die?
A4: Quantum of Solace
Q5: How old was Monica Bellucci when she filmed Spectre?
A5: fifty
Q6: Which actress was cast in the role of Severine in Skyfall?
A6: Bérénice Lim Marlohe
Q7: In what movie was it originally planned to kill the character Mr. White?
A7: Quantum of Solace.
Spectre_(2015_film) (Media and drama)

Christopher Orr, writing in The Atlantic, also criticised the film, saying that Spectre "backslides on virtually every [aspect]". Lawrence Toppman of The Charlotte Observer called Craig's performance "Bored, James Bored." Alyssa Rosenberg, writing for The Washington Post, stated that the film turned into "a disappointingly conventional Bond film."

Q1: Which Atlantic writer gave a negative review of Spectre?
A1: Christopher Orr
Q2: What adjective did Lawrence Toppman use to describe Craig's portrayal of James Bond?
A2: Bored
Q3: What publication does Alyssa Rosenberg write for?
A3: The Washington Post
Q4: What was the catch phrase Lawrence Toppman of the Charlotte Observer used for the film?
A4: Bored, James Bored
Copper (History)

Chromobacterium violaceum and Pseudomonas fluorescens can both mobilize solid copper, as a cyanide compound. The ericoid mycorrhizal fungi associated with Calluna, Erica and Vaccinium can grow in copper metalliferous soils. The ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus luteus protects young pine trees from copper toxicity. A sample of the fungus Aspergillus niger was found growing from gold mining solution; and was found to contain cyano metal complexes; such as gold, silver, copper iron and zinc. The fungus also plays a role in the solubilization of heavy metal sulfides.

Q1: Name a compond that can mobilize sold copper?
A1: Chromobacterium violaceum
Q2: What fungi can grow in copper metalliferous soils?
A2: ericoid mycorrhizal fungi
Q3: What fungus protects pine trees from copper toxicity? 
A3: Suillus luteus
Q4: What fungus grows from gold mining solution?
A4: Aspergillus niger
Q5: What fungus helps to soften heavy metal sulfides?
A5: fungus Aspergillus
Asthma (Natural sciences)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can coexist with asthma and can occur as a complication of chronic asthma. After the age of 65 most people with obstructive airway disease will have asthma and COPD. In this setting, COPD can be differentiated by increased airway neutrophils, abnormally increased wall thickness, and increased smooth muscle in the bronchi. However, this level of investigation is not performed due to COPD and asthma sharing similar principles of management: corticosteroids, long acting beta agonists, and smoking cessation. It closely resembles asthma in symptoms, is correlated with more exposure to cigarette smoke, an older age, less symptom reversibility after bronchodilator administration, and decreased likelihood of family history of atopy.

Q1: What is a complication of chronic asthma?
A1: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Q2: If you are 65 years old and have an obstructive airway disesase, you are more likely to have what other conditions?
A2: asthma and COPD
Q3: How is COPD differentiated?
A3: by increased airway neutrophils, abnormally increased wall thickness, and increased smooth muscle in the bronchi
Q4: Why is this not determined in a patient with COPD?
A4: due to COPD and asthma sharing similar principles of management
Q5: What are the principles of management for asthma and COPD?
A5: corticosteroids, long acting beta agonists, and smoking cessation
Religion_in_ancient_Rome (History)

Chthonic gods such as Dis pater, the di inferi ("gods below"), and the collective shades of the departed (di Manes) were given dark, fertile victims in nighttime rituals. Animal sacrifice usually took the form of a holocaust or burnt offering, and there was no shared banquet, as "the living cannot share a meal with the dead". Ceres and other underworld goddesses of fruitfulness were sometimes offered pregnant female animals; Tellus was given a pregnant cow at the Fordicidia festival. Color had a general symbolic value for sacrifices. Demigods and heroes, who belonged to the heavens and the underworld, were sometimes given black-and-white victims. Robigo (or Robigus) was given red dogs and libations of red wine at the Robigalia for the protection of crops from blight and red mildew.

Q1: When were the gods below and the dead celebrated?
A1: nighttime
Q2: What type of sacrifice victims were the dark gods offered?
A2: dark, fertile
Q3: How was the sacrifice to the gods below handled?
A3: burnt offering
Q4: What daylight event was not celebrated after the dark sacrifice?
A4: shared banquet
Q5: What feature had importance in sacrifices?
A5: Color
Montevideo (Geography and places)

Church and state are officially separated since 1916 in Uruguay. The religion with most followers in Montevideo is Roman Catholicism and has been so since the foundation of the city. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montevideo was created as the Apostolic Vicariate of Montevideo in 1830. The vicariate was promoted to the Diocese of Montevideo on 13 July 1878. Pope Leo XIII elevated it to the rank of a metropolitan archdiocese on 14 April 1897. The new archdiocese became the Metropolitan of the suffragan sees of Canelones, Florida, Maldonado–Punta del Este, Melo, Mercedes, Minas, Salto, San José de Mayo, Tacuarembó.

Q1: Church and state have been officially separated in Uruguay since what year?
A1: 1916
Q2: What religion has the most followers in Montevideo?
A2: Roman Catholicism
Q3: When was the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montevideo created?
A3: 1830
Greece (Geography and places)

Cinema first appeared in Greece in 1896 but the first actual cine-theatre was opened in 1907. In 1914 the Asty Films Company was founded and the production of long films began. Golfo (Γκόλφω), a well known traditional love story, is considered the first Greek feature film, although there were several minor productions such as newscasts before this. In 1931 Orestis Laskos directed Daphnis and Chloe (Δάφνις και Χλόη), containing the first nude scene in the history of European cinema; it was also the first Greek movie which was played abroad. In 1944 Katina Paxinou was honoured with the Best Supporting Actress Academy Award for For Whom the Bell Tolls.

Q1: What year did cinema first appear in Greece?
A1: 1896
Q2: In what year did the first cinema theater open in Greece?
A2: 1907
Q3: In 1914 what was the name of the film company that was founded?
A3: Asty Films
Q4: What was the first Greek feature film?
A4: Golfo
Q5: Who directed the first nude scene in Greek film history?
A5: Orestis Laskos
Circadian_rhythm (Natural sciences)

Circadian rhythms allow organisms to anticipate and prepare for precise and regular environmental changes. They thus enable organisms to best capitalize on environmental resources (e.g. light and food) compared to those that cannot predict such availability. It has therefore been suggested that circadian rhythms put organisms at a selective advantage in evolutionary terms. However, rhythmicity appears to be as important in regulating and coordinating internal metabolic processes, as in coordinating with the environment. This is suggested by the maintenance (heritability) of circadian rhythms in fruit flies after several hundred generations in constant laboratory conditions, as well as in creatures in constant darkness in the wild, and by the experimental elimination of behavioral, but not physiological, circadian rhythms in quail.

Q1: For what do Circadian rhythms let an organism prepare?
A1: environmental changes
Q2: What can an organism that uses circadian rhythms use to its advantage that others can not?
A2: resources
Q3: By better using resources, how does that improve an organism's chances of surviving?
A3: selective advantage
Q4: By improving what processes does the use of circadian rhythms serve to benefit the individual?
A4: internal metabolic
Q5: What insect has been studied concerning the inheritability of rhythms?
A5: fruit flies
Alaska (Geography and places)

Cities not served by road, sea, or river can be reached only by air, foot, dogsled, or snowmachine, accounting for Alaska's extremely well developed bush air services—an Alaskan novelty. Anchorage and, to a lesser extent Fairbanks, is served by many major airlines. Because of limited highway access, air travel remains the most efficient form of transportation in and out of the state. Anchorage recently completed extensive remodeling and construction at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport to help accommodate the upsurge in tourism (in 2012-2013, Alaska received almost 2 million visitors).

Q1: Which two cities are served by major airlines?
A1: Anchorage and, to a lesser extent Fairbanks
Q2: What is the most efficient means of transportation into and out of Alaska?
A2: air travel
Q3: How many visitors came to Alaska between 2012-2013?
A3: almost 2 million