LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Zinc (Unknown)

For fortification, however, a 2003 review recommended zinc oxide in cereals as cheap, stable, and as easily absorbed as more expensive forms. A 2005 study found that various compounds of zinc, including oxide and sulfate, did not show statistically significant differences in absorption when added as fortificants to maize tortillas. A 1987 study found that zinc picolinate was better absorbed than zinc gluconate or zinc citrate. However, a study published in 2008 determined that zinc glycinate is the best absorbed of the four dietary supplement types available.

Q1: Zinc oxide is used to fortify what product?
A1: cereals
Q2: In what product did  various compounds of zinc show little difference in absorption?
A2: maize tortillas
Q3: What compound is better absorbed than zinc gluconate?
A3: zinc picolinate
Q4: What is the best absorbed dietary zinc compound?
A4: zinc glycinate
Adolescence (Natural sciences)

For girls, early maturation can sometimes lead to increased self-consciousness, though a typical aspect in maturing females. Because of their bodies' developing in advance, pubescent girls can become more insecure and dependent. Consequently, girls that reach sexual maturation early are more likely than their peers to develop eating disorders (such as anorexia nervosa). Nearly half of all American high school girls' diets are to lose weight. In addition, girls may have to deal with sexual advances from older boys before they are emotionally and mentally mature. In addition to having earlier sexual experiences and more unwanted pregnancies than late maturing girls, early maturing girls are more exposed to alcohol and drug abuse. Those who have had such experiences tend to perform not as well in school as their "inexperienced" peers.

Q1: Are girls reaching sexual maturation early more or less likely to develop eating disorers?
A1: more likely
Q2: Nearly half of Americam high school girls hope to achieve what goal with their diet?
A2: lose weight
Q3: Are early or late maturing girls more exposed to alcohol and drug abuse?
A3: early maturing
Q4: Do early or late maturing girls have more unwanted pregnancies?
A4: early maturing
Q5: Who performs better in school: sexually experienced or inexperienced teen females?
A5: inexperienced
Orthodox_Judaism (Philosophy and religion)

For guidance in practical application of Jewish law, the majority of Orthodox Jews appeal to the Shulchan Aruch ("Code of Jewish Law" composed in the 16th century by Rabbi Joseph Caro) together with its surrounding commentaries. Thus, at a general level, there is a large degree of uniformity amongst all Orthodox Jews. Concerning the details, however, there is often variance: decisions may be based on various of the standardized codes of Jewish Law that have been developed over the centuries, as well as on the various responsa. These codes and responsa may differ from each other as regards detail (and reflecting the above philosophical differences, as regards the weight assigned to these). By and large, however, the differences result from the historic dispersal of the Jews and the consequent development of differences among regions in their practices (see minhag).

Q1: What do Orthodox Jews turn to for guidance and practical application of jewish law?
A1: Shulchan Aruch
Q2: there is a large degree of what amongst all orthodox jews?
A2: uniformity
Q3: What is the differences among regions in practices known as?
A3: minhag
Q4: Why are the codes and responsa different in regards to details?
A4: philosophical differences
Kanye_West (Music)

For his second album, Late Registration (2005), he collaborated with film score composer Jon Brion and drew influence from non-rap influences such as English trip hop group Portishead. Blending West's primary soulful hip hop production with Brion's elaborate chamber pop orchestration, the album experimentally incorporated a wide array of different genres and prominent orchestral elements, including string arrangements, piano chords, brass flecks, and horn riffs among other symphonic instrumentation. It also incorporated a myriad of foreign and vintage instruments not typical in popular music, let alone hip hop, such as a celesta, harpsichord, Chamberlin, CS-80 analog synthesizer, Chinese bells and berimbau, vibraphones, and marimba. Rolling Stone described Late Registration as West claiming "the whole world of music as hip-hop turf" chronicling the album as "his mad quest to explode every cliché about hip-hop identity." Critic Robert Christgau wrote that "there's never been hip-hop so complex and subtle musically." For a period of time, Kanye West stood as the sole current pop star to tour with a string section, as audible on his 2006 live album Late Orchestration.

Q1: What composer did Kanye collaborate with for his second record?
A1: Jon Brion
Q2: What classical elements did Brion bring to the production of Kanye's album?
A2: orchestral elements, including string arrangements, piano chords, brass flecks, and horn riffs among other symphonic instrumentation
Q3: What sort of orchestra did Kanye tour with while promoting his second album?
A3: a string section
Q4: What composer did Kanye West work with for his second album?
A4: Jon Brion
Q5: What English trip-hop group helped influence Kanye on his second album?
A5: Portishead
Antenna_(radio) (Engineering and technology)

For horizontal propagation between transmitting and receiving antennas situated near the ground reasonably far from each other, the distances traveled by tne direct and reflected rays are nearly the same. There is almost no relative phase shift. If the emission is polarized vertically, the two fields (direct and reflected) add and there is maximum of received signal. If the signal is polarized horizontally, the two signals subtract and the received signal is largely cancelled. The vertical plane radiation patterns are shown in the image at right. With vertical polarization there is always a maximum for θ=0, horizontal propagation (left pattern). For horizontal polarization, there is cancellation at that angle. Note that the above formulae and these plots assume the ground as a perfect conductor. These plots of the radiation pattern correspond to a distance between the antenna and its image of 2.5λ. As the antenna height is increased, the number of lobes increases as well.

Q1: What is between recieving and transmitting antenna's?
A1: horizontal propagation
Q2: When is the emission at maximized recieved signal?
A2: polarized vertically
Q3: Where is the radiation patterns in the vertical plane shown?
A3: image at right
Q4: What is also increased along with the antenna's height?
A4: lobes
Database (Engineering and technology)

For instance, a common use of a database system is to track information about users, their name, login information, various addresses and phone numbers. In the navigational approach all of this data would be placed in a single record, and unused items would simply not be placed in the database. In the relational approach, the data would be normalized into a user table, an address table and a phone number table (for instance). Records would be created in these optional tables only if the address or phone numbers were actually provided.

Q1: How is a database system frequently used?
A1: to track information about users
Q2: How is information stored in a navigational system?
A2: in a single record
Q3: What happens to blank data fields in a navigational system?
A3: not be placed in the database
Q4: How is information stored in a relational system?
A4: normalized into a user table
Antenna_(radio) (Engineering and technology)

For instance, a phased array consists of two or more simple antennas which are connected together through an electrical network. This often involves a number of parallel dipole antennas with a certain spacing. Depending on the relative phase introduced by the network, the same combination of dipole antennas can operate as a "broadside array" (directional normal to a line connecting the elements) or as an "end-fire array" (directional along the line connecting the elements). Antenna arrays may employ any basic (omnidirectional or weakly directional) antenna type, such as dipole, loop or slot antennas. These elements are often identical.

Q1: How many antenna would make up a phased array?
A1: two or more
Q2: How are antennas oriented when arranged with specific spacing?
A2: parallel
Q3: What are the two standard antenna types?
A3: omnidirectional or weakly directional
Q4: What determines if the antenna creates a broadside array or an end fire array?
A4: relative phase
Antenna_(radio) (Engineering and technology)

For instance, if a transmitter delivers 100 W into an antenna having an efficiency of 80%, then the antenna will radiate 80 W as radio waves and produce 20 W of heat. In order to radiate 100 W of power, one would need to use a transmitter capable of supplying 125 W to the antenna. Note that antenna efficiency is a separate issue from impedance matching, which may also reduce the amount of power radiated using a given transmitter. If an SWR meter reads 150 W of incident power and 50 W of reflected power, that means that 100 W have actually been absorbed by the antenna (ignoring transmission line losses). How much of that power has actually been radiated cannot be directly determined through electrical measurements at (or before) the antenna terminals, but would require (for instance) careful measurement of field strength. Fortunately the loss resistance of antenna conductors such as aluminum rods can be calculated and the efficiency of an antenna using such materials predicted.

Q1: What would need to be placed into the transmitter to create ten W oh warmth? 
A1: 100 W
Q2: What factor may play a hand in lessened power from a transmitter?
A2: impedance matching
Q3: What would need to be investigated to determine how much power was radiated?
A3: electrical measurements
Chinese_characters (Language and literature)

For instance, to look up the character where the sound is not known, e.g., 松 (pine tree), the user first determines which part of the character is the radical (here 木), then counts the number of strokes in the radical (four), and turns to the radical index (usually located on the inside front or back cover of the dictionary). Under the number "4" for radical stroke count, the user locates 木, then turns to the page number listed, which is the start of the listing of all the characters containing this radical. This page will have a sub-index giving remainder stroke numbers (for the non-radical portions of characters) and page numbers. The right half of the character also contains four strokes, so the user locates the number 4, and turns to the page number given. From there, the user must scan the entries to locate the character he or she is seeking. Some dictionaries have a sub-index which lists every character containing each radical, and if the user knows the number of strokes in the non-radical portion of the character, he or she can locate the correct page directly.

Q1: What contains four strokes?
A1: right half of the character
Q2: What do some dictionaries have?
A2: sub-index
Q3: What gives remaining stroke numbers?
A3: sub-index
Arena_Football_League (Sports and recreation)

For its 2015 season, the league consisted of 12 teams, all from the United States; however, upon the completion of the regular season, the league announced that the two teams it had assumed operation of during the season would cease all operations effective immediately; a regular season game slated between the two had previously been canceled and declared a tie. Subsequently, one of the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL. The AFL is divided into two conferences  –  the American Conference and National Conference. Starting 2016, each conference will have only four teams as the champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for "reasons not associated with League operations."

Q1: How many teams played in the Arena Football League in the 2015 season?
A1: 12
Q2: What team left the AFL after the 2015 season to join another league?
A2: Spokane Shock
Q3: What league did the Spokane Shock join after the 2015 season?
A3: IFL
Q4: Along with the American Conference, what is the other conference in the AFL?
A4: National Conference
Q5: As of 2016, how many teams does each conference have?
A5: four
Nintendo_Entertainment_System (Video games)

For its complete North American release, the Nintendo Entertainment System was progressively released over the ensuing years in four different bundles: the Deluxe Set, the Control Deck, the Action Set and the Power Set. The Deluxe Set, retailing at US$199.99 (equivalent to $475 in 2016), included R.O.B., a light gun called the NES Zapper, two controllers, and two Game Paks: Gyromite, and Duck Hunt. The Basic Set, retailing at US$89.99 with no game, and US$99.99 bundled with "Super Mario Bros." The Action Set, retailing in 1988 for US$149.99, came with the Control Deck, two game controllers, an NES Zapper, and a dual Game Pak containing both Super Mario Bros. and Duck Hunt. In 1989, the Power Set included the console, two game controllers, a NES Zapper, a Power Pad, and a triple Game Pak containing Super Mario Bros, Duck Hunt, and World Class Track Meet. In 1990, a Sports Set bundle was released, including the console, an NES Satellite infrared wireless multitap adapter, four game controllers, and a dual Game Pak containing Super Spike V'Ball and Nintendo World Cup. Two more bundle packages were later released using the original model NES console. The Challenge Set of 1992 included the console, two controllers, and a Super Mario Bros. 3 Game Pak for a retail price of US$89.99. The Basic Set, first released in 1987, was repackaged for a retail US$89.99. It included only the console and two controllers, and no longer was bundled with a cartridge. Instead, it contained a book called the Official Nintendo Player's Guide, which contained detailed information for every NES game made up to that point.

Q1: How much did the Deluxe NES sell for?
A1: US$199.99
Q2: How much was the selling price equivalent to in today's money?
A2: $475
Q3: How much did the console sell for bundled with just the Super Mario Bros. game?
A3: US$99.99
Q4: Super Mario Bros was paired with which game in the Action Set?
A4: Duck Hunt
Q5: The Basic Set sold for how much at release?
A5: US$89.99
Southern_Europe (Geography and places)

For its official works and publications, the United Nations Organization groups countries under a classification of regions. The assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories by the United Nations. Southern Europe, as grouped for statistical convenience by the United Nations (the sub-regions according to the UN), includes following countries and territories:

Q1: What term is used by the UNO to divide groups of nations?
A1: regions
Q2: What is the reason for the UNO's division into regions?
A2: statistical convenience
Q3: What smaller unit makes up the southern Europe region?
A3: sub-regions
Space_Race (History)

For its part, the Soviet Union harbored fears of invasion. Having suffered at least 27 million casualties during World War II after being invaded by Nazi Germany in 1941, the Soviet Union was wary of its former ally, the United States, which until late 1949 was the sole possessor of atomic weapons. The United States had used these weapons operationally during World War II, and it could use them again against the Soviet Union, laying waste its cities and military centers. Since the Americans had a much larger air force than the Soviet Union, and the United States maintained advance air bases near Soviet territory, in 1947 Stalin ordered the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) in order to counter the perceived American threat.

Q1: How many casualties did the Soviet Union have during WWII?
A1: 27 million
Q2: The Soviet Union was first invaded by Nazi controlled Germany in what year?
A2: 1941
Q3: Until what year, was the US the sole possessor of the atomic bomb?
A3: 1949
Q4: In what year did Stalin order the development of ICBMs?
A4: 1947
Q5: What type of military force did the US possess a much larger fleet than the Soviet Union?
A5: air force
Tuvalu (Geography and places)

For less than a year between 1862–63, Peruvian ships, engaged in what became to be called the "blackbirding" trade, combed the smaller islands of Polynesia from Easter Island in the eastern Pacific to Tuvalu and the southern atolls of the Gilbert Islands (now Kiribati), seeking recruits to fill the extreme labour shortage in Peru. While some islanders were voluntary recruits the "blackbirders" were notorious for enticing islanders on to ships with tricks, such as pretending to be Christian missionaries, as well as kidnapping islanders at gun point. The Rev. A. W. Murray, the earliest European missionary in Tuvalu, reported that in 1863 about 170 people were taken from Funafuti and about 250 were taken from Nukulaelae, as there were fewer than 100 of the 300 recorded in 1861 as living on Nukulaelae.

Q1: In what years did Peruvian ships seek laborers in the Polynesian islands?
A1: 1862–63
Q2: What was the name applied to the trade of dealing with labor hunters?
A2: blackbirding
Q3: By what means did Blackbirders often get islanders aboard their ships?
A3: tricks
Q4: Who was the earliest missionary to Tuvalu?
A4: Rev. A. W. Murray
Q5: When did Murray report people missing because of Blackbirders?
A5: 1863
Insect (Natural sciences)

For males, the reproductive system is the testis, suspended in the body cavity by tracheae and the fat body. Most male insects have a pair of testes, inside of which are sperm tubes or follicles that are enclosed within a membranous sac. The follicles connect to the vas deferens by the vas efferens, and the two tubular vasa deferentia connect to a median ejaculatory duct that leads to the outside. A portion of the vas deferens is often enlarged to form the seminal vesicle, which stores the sperm before they are discharged into the female. The seminal vesicles have glandular linings that secrete nutrients for nourishment and maintenance of the sperm. The ejaculatory duct is derived from an invagination of the epidermal cells during development and, as a result, has a cuticular lining. The terminal portion of the ejaculatory duct may be sclerotized to form the intromittent organ, the aedeagus. The remainder of the male reproductive system is derived from embryonic mesoderm, except for the germ cells, or spermatogonia, which descend from the primordial pole cells very early during embryogenesis.:885

Q1: What is the male reproductive system called? 
A1: testis
Q2: Where is tracheae located?
A2: the body cavity
Q3: Most make insects contain a pair of what?
A3: testes
Q4: What are inside male testes?
A4: sperm tubes
Q5: Follicles inside a male insect's reproductive system connect to what?
A5: the vas deferens
Szlachta (History)

For many centuries, wealthy and powerful members of the szlachta sought to gain legal privileges over their peers. Few szlachta were wealthy enough to be known as magnates (karmazyni—the "Crimsons", from the crimson colour of their boots). A proper magnate should be able to trace noble ancestors back for many generations and own at least 20 villages or estates. He should also hold a major office in the Commonwealth.

Q1: What did powerful leaders of szlachta sought?
A1: gain legal privileges over their peers
Q2: What were most szlachtas class?
A2: Few szlachta were wealthy enough to be known as magnates
Q3: What is another name for magnates?
A3: Crimsons
Q4: A proper magnates own what?
A4: own at least 20 villages or estates.
Q5: Who is properly in the major office in the commonwealth?
A5: magnates
Arsenal_F.C. (Sports and recreation)

For many years Arsenal's away colours were white shirts and either black or white shorts. In the 1969–70 season, Arsenal introduced an away kit of yellow shirts with blue shorts. This kit was worn in the 1971 FA Cup Final as Arsenal beat Liverpool to secure the double for the first time in their history. Arsenal reached the FA Cup final again the following year wearing the red and white home strip and were beaten by Leeds United. Arsenal then competed in three consecutive FA Cup finals between 1978 and 1980 wearing their "lucky" yellow and blue strip, which remained the club's away strip until the release of a green and navy away kit in 1982–83. The following season, Arsenal returned to the yellow and blue scheme, albeit with a darker shade of blue than before.

Q1: During what season were Arsenal's away colors white shirts and white or black shorts?
A1: 1969–70 season
Q2: When did Arsenal adolpt the away colors or yellow shirts and blue shorts?
A2: 1969–70 season
Q3: For what competition did Arsenal use the yellow and blue away kit?
A3: 1971 FA Cup Final
Q4: What did Arsenal consider the yellow and blue colors to be after losing a FA Cup final wearing red and white?
A4: lucky
Q5: What is the difference in the Arsenal color of blue in the away kit after 1983?
A5: darker shade
Arnold_Schwarzenegger (Media and drama)

For many years, he wrote a monthly column for the bodybuilding magazines Muscle & Fitness and Flex. Shortly after being elected Governor, he was appointed executive editor of both magazines, in a largely symbolic capacity. The magazines agreed to donate $250,000 a year to the Governor's various physical fitness initiatives. When the deal, including the contract that gave Schwarzenegger at least $1 million a year, was made public in 2005, many criticized it as being a conflict of interest since the governor's office made decisions concerning regulation of dietary supplements in California. Consequently, Schwarzenegger relinquished the executive editor role in 2005. American Media Inc., which owns Muscle & Fitness and Flex, announced in March 2013 that Schwarzenegger had accepted their renewed offer to be executive editor of the magazines.

Q1: How frequently did Schwarzenegger write a column for Muscle & Fitness and Flex?
A1: monthly
Q2: How much did the magazines Schwarzenegger wrote for pledge to contribute to physical fitness initiatives each year when he was Governor?
A2: $250,000
Q3: What position did Schwarzenegger briefly hold at Muscle & Fitness and Flex?
A3: executive editor
Capacitor (Engineering and technology)

For maximum life, capacitors usually need to be able to handle the maximum amount of reversal that a system will experience. An AC circuit will experience 100% voltage reversal, while under-damped DC circuits will experience less than 100%. Reversal creates excess electric fields in the dielectric, causes excess heating of both the dielectric and the conductors, and can dramatically shorten the life expectancy of the capacitor. Reversal ratings will often affect the design considerations for the capacitor, from the choice of dielectric materials and voltage ratings to the types of internal connections used.

Q1: What percentage of voltage reversal does an AC circuit experience?
A1: 100% voltage reversal
Q2: What does voltage reversal create in the dielectric of a capacitor?
A2: excess electric fields
Q3: What percentage of voltage reversal will an under damped DC circuit experience?
A3: less than 100%
Q4: What does excess electric field present in the dielectric lead to?
A4: heating of both the dielectric and the conductors
Q5: When designing a capacitor, what is an important rating to consider?
A5: Reversal ratings