LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Insect (Natural sciences)

Many insects possess very sensitive and, or specialized organs of perception. Some insects such as bees can perceive ultraviolet wavelengths, or detect polarized light, while the antennae of male moths can detect the pheromones of female moths over distances of many kilometers. The yellow paper wasp (Polistes versicolor) is known for its wagging movements as a form of communication within the colony; it can waggle with a frequency of 10.6±2.1 Hz (n=190). These wagging movements can signal the arrival of new material into the nest and aggression between workers can be used to stimulate others to increase foraging expeditions. There is a pronounced tendency for there to be a trade-off between visual acuity and chemical or tactile acuity, such that most insects with well-developed eyes have reduced or simple antennae, and vice versa. There are a variety of different mechanisms by which insects perceive sound, while the patterns are not universal, insects can generally hear sound if they can produce it. Different insect species can have varying hearing, though most insects can hear only a narrow range of frequencies related to the frequency of the sounds they can produce. Mosquitoes have been found to hear up to 2 kHz., and some grasshoppers can hear up to 50 kHz. Certain predatory and parasitic insects can detect the characteristic sounds made by their prey or hosts, respectively. For instance, some nocturnal moths can perceive the ultrasonic emissions of bats, which helps them avoid predation.:87–94 Insects that feed on blood have special sensory structures that can detect infrared emissions, and use them to home in on their hosts.

Q1: Insects have specialized organs of what kind?
A1: perception
Q2: Insect organs are described as sensitive and what?
A2: specialized
Q3: What kind of insect can detect ultraviolet wavelengths?
A3: bees
Q4: Bees can detect what kind of light?
A4: polarized light
Q5: What is a Polistes versicolor?
A5: yellow paper wasp
Classical_music (Music)

Many instruments originated during the Renaissance; others were variations of, or improvements upon, instruments that had existed previously. Some have survived to the present day; others have disappeared, only to be recreated in order to perform music of the period on authentic instruments. As in the modern day, instruments may be classified as brass, strings, percussion, and woodwind.

Q1: Many instruments originated during what era?
A1: the Renaissance
Q2: What has disappeared, then been recreated in order to perform music of the period?
A2: authentic instruments
Q3: Modern day instrument may be classified as brass, string, woodwind and what other classification?
A3: percussion
Classical_music (Music)

Many instruments today associated with popular music filled important roles in early classical music, such as bagpipes, vihuelas, hurdy-gurdies, and some woodwind instruments. On the other hand, instruments such as the acoustic guitar, once associated mainly with popular music, gained prominence in classical music in the 19th and 20th centuries.

Q1: In what did the bagpipe fill an important role?
A1: early classical music,
Q2: What instrument gained prominence in the 19th and 20th century?
A2: the acoustic guitar
Q3: Vihuelas and hurdy-gurdies are currently associated with what type of music?
A3: popular
Clothing (Natural sciences)

Many kinds of clothing are designed to be ironed before they are worn to remove wrinkles. Most modern formal and semi-formal clothing is in this category (for example, dress shirts and suits). Ironed clothes are believed to look clean, fresh, and neat. Much contemporary casual clothing is made of knit materials that do not readily wrinkle, and do not require ironing. Some clothing is permanent press, having been treated with a coating (such as polytetrafluoroethylene) that suppresses wrinkles and creates a smooth appearance without ironing.

Q1: What's the point of ironing clothing?
A1: to remove wrinkles
Q2: What type of clothing is believed to look neat, fresh and clean?
A2: Ironed
Q3: What material doesn't easily wrinkle?
A3: knit
Q4: Permanent press materials have been treated with what?
A4: a coating
Q5: What does polytetrafluoroethylene suppress?
A5: wrinkles
Airport (Engineering and technology)

Many large airports are located near railway trunk routes for seamless connection of multimodal transport, for instance Frankfurt Airport, Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, London Heathrow Airport, London Gatwick Airport and London Stansted Airport. It is also common to connect an airport and a city with rapid transit, light rail lines or other non-road public transport systems. Some examples of this would include the AirTrain JFK at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York, Link Light Rail that runs from the heart of downtown Seattle to Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, and the Silver Line T at Boston's Logan International Airport by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA). Such a connection lowers risk of missed flights due to traffic congestion. Large airports usually have access also through controlled-access highways ('freeways' or 'motorways') from which motor vehicles enter either the departure loop or the arrival loop.

Q1: For seamless connection of multimodal transport, where are many large airports located?
A1: near railway trunk routes
Q2: What does MBTA stand for?
A2: Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
Q3: It is also common to connect an airport and a city with what?
A3: rapid transit, light rail lines or other non-road public transport systems
British_Isles (Geography and places)

Many larger animals, such as wolf, bear and the European elk are today extinct. However, some species such as red deer are protected. Other small mammals, such as rabbits, foxes, badgers, hares, hedgehogs, and stoats, are very common and the European beaver has been reintroduced in parts of Scotland. Wild boar have also been reintroduced to parts of southern England, following escapes from boar farms and illegal releases. Many rivers contain otters and seals are common on coasts. Over 200 species of bird reside permanently and another 200 migrate. Common types are the common chaffinch, common blackbird, house sparrow and common starling; all small birds. Large birds are declining in number, except for those kept for game such as pheasant, partridge, and red grouse. Fish are abundant in the rivers and lakes, in particular salmon, trout, perch and pike. Sea fish include dogfish, cod, sole, pollock and bass, as well as mussels, crab and oysters along the coast. There are more than 21,000 species of insects.

Q1: Which two animals became extinct in the British Isles?
A1: wolf, bear
Q2: Which species of deer is protected in the British Isles?
A2: red deer
Q3: How many bird species does the British Isles have?
A3: Over 200 species of bird
Q4: What are three of the most common birds in the British Isles?
A4: chaffinch, common blackbird, house sparrow
Q5: What kinds of fish are abundent in the British Isles?
A5: salmon, trout, perch and pike
Bird_migration (Natural sciences)

Many long-distance migrants appear to be genetically programmed to respond to changing day length. Species that move short distances, however, may not need such a timing mechanism, instead moving in response to local weather conditions. Thus mountain and moorland breeders, such as wallcreeper Tichodroma muraria and white-throated dipper Cinclus cinclus, may move only altitudinally to escape the cold higher ground. Other species such as merlin Falco columbarius and Eurasian skylark Alauda arvensis move further, to the coast or towards the south. Species like the chaffinch are much less migratory in Britain than those of continental Europe, mostly not moving more than 5 km in their lives.

Q1: What are many long distance migrants genetically programmed to do?
A1: respond to changing day length
Q2: How do species that move short distances know when to migrate?
A2: response to local weather conditions
Q3: Why do mountain and moorland breeders move only altitudinally?
A3: to escape the cold higher ground
Q4: Where do the merlin Falco columbarius migrate to?
A4: the coast or towards the south
Q5: How far do British chaffinch more in their lives?
A5: 5 km
Internet_service_provider (Engineering and technology)

Many mailbox providers are also access providers, while others are not (e.g., Yahoo! Mail, Outlook.com, Gmail, AOL Mail, Po box). The definition given in RFC 6650 covers email hosting services, as well as the relevant department of companies, universities, organizations, groups, and individuals that manage their mail servers themselves. The task is typically accomplished by implementing Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and possibly providing access to messages through Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), the Post Office Protocol, Webmail, or a proprietary protocol.

Q1: What is SMTP?
A1: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Q2: What is IMAP?
A2: Internet Message Access Protocol
Q3: How is access to mail provided? 
A3: implementing Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and possibly providing access to messages through Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), the Post Office Protocol, Webmail, or a proprietary protocol.
Q4: what are most mailbox providers as well? 
A4: access providers
Q5: who possibly controls their own mail servers? 
A5: companies, universities, organizations, groups, and individuals
Tennessee (Geography and places)

Many major battles of the American Civil War were fought in Tennessee—most of them Union victories. Ulysses S. Grant and the U.S. Navy captured control of the Cumberland and Tennessee rivers in February 1862. They held off the Confederate counterattack at Shiloh in April. Memphis fell to the Union in June, following a naval battle on the Mississippi River in front of the city. The Capture of Memphis and Nashville gave the Union control of the western and middle sections; this control was confirmed at the Battle of Murfreesboro in early January 1863 and by the subsequent Tullahoma Campaign.

Q1: Which side won more Civil War battles in Tennessee?
A1: Union
Q2: Which Union commander seized control of the Tennessee River in February 1862?
A2: Ulysses S. Grant
Q3: During which month in 1862 did Union forces capture Memphis?
A3: June
Q4: Union control of Middle Tennessee was reaffirmed by what battle in January 1863?
A4: Battle of Murfreesboro
Modern_history (Philosophy and religion)

Many major events caused Europe to change around the start of the 16th century, starting with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the fall of Muslim Spain and the discovery of the Americas in 1492, and Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation in 1517. In England the modern period is often dated to the start of the Tudor period with the victory of Henry VII over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. Early modern European history is usually seen to span from the start of the 15th century, through the Age of Reason and the Age of Enlightenment in the 17th and 18th centuries, until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century.

Q1: In what year did the fall of Constantinople happen? 
A1: 1453
Q2: When is the modern period dated in England?
A2: Battle of Bosworth in 1485
Q3: Who was defeated by Henry Vll at the battle of Bosworth?
A3: Richard III
Computer (Engineering and technology)

Many mechanical aids to calculation and measurement were constructed for astronomical and navigation use. The planisphere was a star chart invented by Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī in the early 11th century. The astrolabe was invented in the Hellenistic world in either the 1st or 2nd centuries BC and is often attributed to Hipparchus. A combination of the planisphere and dioptra, the astrolabe was effectively an analog computer capable of working out several different kinds of problems in spherical astronomy. An astrolabe incorporating a mechanical calendar computer and gear-wheels was invented by Abi Bakr of Isfahan, Persia in 1235. Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī invented the first mechanical geared lunisolar calendar astrolabe, an early fixed-wired knowledge processing machine with a gear train and gear-wheels, circa 1000 AD.

Q1: Who invented the planisphere?
A1: Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī
Q2: Who is thought to have invented the astrolabe in history?
A2: Hipparchus
Q3: The astrolabe was a combination of what two devices in history?
A3: the planisphere and dioptra
Q4: The first astrolabe with gear-wheels was invented when?
A4: 1235
Q5: The first astrolabe with a mechanical calendar was invented where?
A5: Persia
God (Philosophy and religion)

Many medieval philosophers developed arguments for the existence of God, while attempting to comprehend the precise implications of God's attributes. Reconciling some of those attributes generated important philosophical problems and debates. For example, God's omniscience may seem to imply that God knows how free agents will choose to act. If God does know this, their ostensible free will might be illusory, or foreknowledge does not imply predestination, and if God does not know it, God may not be omniscient.

Q1: What does it mean if God can't predict the future?
A1: God may not be omniscient.
Q2: Who posited the existence of God?
A2: medieval philosophers
Q3: What philosophical debates arose in the middle ages?
A3: God's omniscience
Seven_Years%27_War (History)

Many middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway. The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fearing the odds against Britain and Prussia fighting the great powers of Europe, even tried to prevent Britain's domination in India. Naples, Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with Franco-Spanish party, declined to join the coalition under the fear of British power. The taxation needed for war caused the Russian people considerable hardship, being added to the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759 to complete her addition to the Winter Palace. Like Sweden, Russia concluded a separate peace with Prussia.

Q1: With whom did the Dutch Republic align?
A1: The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact
Q2: Which side of the coalitions did Naples, Sicily and Savoy join?
A2: Naples, Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with Franco-Spanish party, declined to join the coalition under the fear of British power
Q3: How did the war impact the Russian population?
A3: The taxation needed for war caused the Russian people considerable hardship
Q4: What items had already been taxed by Russian Empress Elizabeth?
A4: being added to the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759
Q5: What two countries concluded a separate peace with Prussia?
A5: Like Sweden, Russia concluded a separate peace with Prussia.
Q6: Why did Denmark-Norway remain neutral rather than assisting its longtime ally, Britain?
A6: The Dutch Republic, long-time British ally, kept its neutrality intact, fearing the odds against Britain and Prussia fighting the great powers of Europe
Q7: What did Russian Empress Elizabeth use the proceeds of the tax on salt and alcohol for?
A7: the taxation of salt and alcohol begun by Empress Elizabeth in 1759 to complete her addition to the Winter Palace.
Q8: Why did Naples remain neutral?
A8: Naples, Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with Franco-Spanish party, declined to join the coalition under the fear of British power
Q9: Who would Sicily and Savoy normally align with?
A9: Sicily, and Savoy, although sided with Franco-Spanish party
Green (Language and literature)

Many minerals provide pigments which have been used in green paints and dyes over the centuries. Pigments, in this case, are minerals which reflect the color green, rather that emitting it through luminescent or phosphorescent qualities. The large number of green pigments makes it impossible to mention them all. Among the more notable green minerals, however is the emerald, which is colored green by trace amounts of chromium and sometimes vanadium. Chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3), is called chrome green, also called viridian or institutional green when used as a pigment. For many years, the source of amazonite's color was a mystery. Widely thought to have been due to copper because copper compounds often have blue and green colors, the blue-green color is likely to be derived from small quantities of lead and water in the feldspar. Copper is the source of the green color in malachite pigments, chemically known as basic copper(II) carbonate.

Q1: What do pigments do with the color green?
A1: reflect
Q2: What are green paints and dyes usually made of?
A2: minerals
Q3: What is the main chemical that causes emeralds to be green?
A3: chromium
Q4: What is the source of the green color in malachite pigments?
A4: Copper
Q5: What is the source of amazonite's color?
A5: small quantities of lead and water in the feldspar
Professional_wrestling (Sports and recreation)

Many modern specialty matches have been devised, with unique winning conditions. The most common of these is the ladder match. In the basic ladder match, the wrestlers or teams of wrestlers must climb a ladder to obtain a prize that is hoisted above the ring. The key to winning this match is that the wrestler or team of wrestlers must try to incapacitate each other long enough for one wrestler to climb the ladder and secure that prize for their team. As a result, the ladder can be used as a weapon. The prizes include – but are not limited to any given championship belt (the traditional prize), a document granting the winner the right to a future title shot, or any document that matters to the wrestlers involved in the match (such as one granting the winner a cash prize). Another common specialty match is known as the battle royal. In a battle royal, all the wrestlers enter the ring to the point that there are 20-30 wrestlers in the ring at one time. When the match begins, the simple objective is to throw the opponent over the top rope and out of the ring with both feet on the floor in order to eliminate that opponent. The last wrestler standing is declared the winner. A variant on this type of match is the WWE's Royal Rumble where two wrestlers enter the ring to start the match and other wrestlers follow in 90 second intervals (previously 2 minutes) until 30-40 wrestlers have entered the ring. All other rules stay the same. For more match types, see Professional wrestling match types.

Q1: What is the most common of the special matches?
A1: The most common of these is the ladder match
Q2: What must the wrestlers do in a ladder match?
A2: In the basic ladder match, the wrestlers or teams of wrestlers must climb a ladder to obtain a prize that is hoisted above the ring.
Q3: How does one win a ladder match?
A3: the wrestler or team of wrestlers must try to incapacitate each other long enough for one wrestler to climb the ladder and secure that prize for their team.
Q4: What is a common prize in a ladder match?
A4: championship belt
Q5: How many wrestlers are in a standard battle royal match?
A5: 20-30 wrestlers
Crimean_War (History)

Many more artillery pieces had arrived and been dug into batteries. In June, a third bombardment was followed after two days by a successful attack on the Mamelon, but a follow-up assault on the Malakoff failed with heavy losses. During this time the garrison commander, Admiral Nakhimov fell on 30 June 1855.:378 Raglan having also died on 28 June.:460 In August, the Russians again made an attack towards the base at Balaclava, defended by the French, newly arrived Sardinian and Ottoman troops.:461 The resulting battle of Tchernaya was a defeat for the Russians, who suffered heavy casualties.

Q1: Who was the garrison commander that died on June 30th 1855?
A1: Admiral Nakhimov
Q2: What figure died on June 28th 1855?
A2: Raglan
Q3: What did the Russians try to attack during the month of August?
A3: the base at Balaclava
Q4: Who defended the base at Balaclava?
A4: newly arrived Sardinian and Ottoman troops
Q5: Who was defeated at the battle of Tchernaya?
A5: the Russians
ASCII (Engineering and technology)

Many more of the control codes have been given meanings quite different from their original ones. The "escape" character (ESC, code 27), for example, was intended originally to allow sending other control characters as literals instead of invoking their meaning. This is the same meaning of "escape" encountered in URL encodings, C language strings, and other systems where certain characters have a reserved meaning. Over time this meaning has been co-opted and has eventually been changed. In modern use, an ESC sent to the terminal usually indicates the start of a command sequence, usually in the form of a so-called "ANSI escape code" (or, more properly, a "Control Sequence Introducer") beginning with ESC followed by a "[" (left-bracket) character. An ESC sent from the terminal is most often used as an out-of-band character used to terminate an operation, as in the TECO and vi text editors. In graphical user interface (GUI) and windowing systems, ESC generally causes an application to abort its current operation or to exit (terminate) altogether.

Q1: What was the "escape" character originally intended for?
A1: to allow sending other control characters as literals instead of invoking their meaning
Q2: What does modern ESC code do?
A2: most often used as an out-of-band character used to terminate an operation
Q3: What does ESC generally mean for graphical user interfaces and windowing systems?
A3: an application to abort its current operation or to exit (terminate) altogether
Pub (History)

Many names for pubs that appear nonsensical may have come from corruptions of old slogans or phrases, such as "The Bag o'Nails" (Bacchanals), "The Goat and Compasses" (God Encompasseth Us), "The Cat and the Fiddle" (Chaton Fidèle: Faithful Kitten) and "The Bull and Bush", which purportedly celebrates the victory of Henry VIII at "Boulogne Bouche" or Boulogne-sur-Mer Harbour.

Q1: The pub "The Bag o'Nails" was a corruption of what word?
A1: Bacchanals
Q2: What phrase was "The Goat and Compasses" a corruption of?
A2: God Encompasseth Us
Q3: What does Chaton Fidèle mean in English?
A3: Faithful Kitten
Q4: What location does Boulogne Bouche refer to?
A4: Boulogne-sur-Mer Harbour
Q5: Who won a victory at Boulogne-sur-Mer Harbour?
A5: Henry VIII
Dutch_language (Language and literature)

Many native speakers of Dutch, both in Belgium and the Netherlands, assume that Afrikaans and West Frisian are dialects of Dutch but are considered separate and distinct from Dutch: a daughter language and a sister language, respectively. Afrikaans evolved mainly from 17th century Dutch dialects, but had influences from various other languages in South Africa. However, it is still largely mutually intelligible with Dutch. (West) Frisian evolved from the same West Germanic branch as Old English and is less akin to Dutch.

Q1: What dialect is considered a sister language to Dutch?
A1: West Frisian
Q2: Which Dutch dialect is so distinct that it's often called a daughter language?
A2: Afrikaans
Q3: Afrikaans is mostly derived from the Dutch spoken in what century?
A3: 17th
Q4: The Dutch influence on Afrikaans was seasoned with languages from what country?
A4: South Africa
Q5: What two-word phrase describes the relationship whereby Dutch and Afrikaans speakers can understand each other?
A5: mutually intelligible
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Many newer control systems are using wireless mesh open standards (such as ZigBee), which provides benefits including easier installation (no need to run control wires) and interoperability with other standards-based building control systems (e.g. security).

Q1: What type of standard do newer control systems use? 
A1: wireless mesh open standards
Q2: What is the name of one type of control system used? 
A2: ZigBee
Q3: Does a wireless mesh open standard make installation harder?
A3: no