LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Internet_service_provider (Engineering and technology)

A mailbox provider is an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes. It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email for end users or other organizations.

Q1: What is a mailbox provider? 
A1: an organization that provides services for hosting electronic mail domains with access to storage for mail boxes
Q2: What is an organization that provides hosting of electronic mail domains? 
A2: A mailbox provider
Q3: what is the purpose of a mailbox provider? 
A3: It provides email servers to send, receive, accept, and store email
Q4: how does a user store electronic mail?
A4: A mailbox provider
Myanmar (Geography and places)

A major battleground, Burma was devastated during World War II. By March 1942, within months after they entered the war, Japanese troops had advanced on Rangoon and the British administration had collapsed. A Burmese Executive Administration headed by Ba Maw was established by the Japanese in August 1942. Wingate's British Chindits were formed into long-range penetration groups trained to operate deep behind Japanese lines. A similar American unit, Merrill's Marauders, followed the Chindits into the Burmese jungle in 1943. Beginning in late 1944, allied troops launched a series of offensives that led to the end of Japanese rule in July 1945. The battles were intense with much of Burma laid waste by the fighting. Overall, the Japanese lost some 150,000 men in Burma. Only 1,700 prisoners were taken.

Q1: Was Burma effected by the world wars?
A1: Burma was devastated during World War II
Q2: Did the British protect Burma as its colony during WWII?
A2: the British administration had collapsed
Q3: Where groups from Burma an advantage to the Allies during WWII?
A3: British Chindits were formed into long-range penetration groups trained to operate deep behind Japanese lines. A similar American unit, Merrill's Marauders
Q4: How many soldiers were lost by the Japanese in Burma during WWII ?
A4: the Japanese lost some 150,000 men in Burma
Q5: When did the temporary Japanese rule end in Burma?
A5: the end of Japanese rule in July 1945
Idealism (Philosophy and religion)

A major concern of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit (1807) and of the philosophy of Spirit that he lays out in his Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences (1817–1830) is the interrelation between individual humans, which he conceives in terms of "mutual recognition." However, what Climacus means by the aforementioned statement, is that Hegel, in the Philosophy of Right, believed the best solution was to surrender one's individuality to the customs of the State, identifying right and wrong in view of the prevailing bourgeois morality. Individual human will ought, at the State's highest level of development, to properly coincide with the will of the State. Climacus rejects Hegel's suppression of individuality by pointing out it is impossible to create a valid set of rules or system in any society which can adequately describe existence for any one individual. Submitting one's will to the State denies personal freedom, choice, and responsibility.

Q1: Who wrote Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences?
A1: Hegel
Q2: When was Phenomenology of Spirit published?
A2: 1807
Q3: What trait did Climacus believe that Hegel suppressed?
A3: individuality
Q4: Whose will did Hegel believe should prevail over that of the individual?
A4: State
Q5: What conception of right and wrong did Climacus believe Hegel endorsed?
A5: bourgeois
Korean_War (Warfare)

A major consideration was the possible Soviet reaction in the event that the US intervened. The Truman administration was fretful that a war in Korea was a diversionary assault that would escalate to a general war in Europe once the United States committed in Korea. At the same time, "[t]here was no suggestion from anyone that the United Nations or the United States could back away from [the conflict]". Yugoslavia–a possible Soviet target because of the Tito-Stalin Split—was vital to the defense of Italy and Greece, and the country was first on the list of the National Security Council's post-North Korea invasion list of "chief danger spots". Truman believed if aggression went unchecked a chain reaction would be initiated that would marginalize the United Nations and encourage Communist aggression elsewhere. The UN Security Council approved the use of force to help the South Koreans and the US immediately began using what air and naval forces that were in the area to that end. The Administration still refrained from committing on the ground because some advisers believed the North Koreans could be stopped by air and naval power alone.

Q1: What was the Truman administration concerned about that was preventing them from getting involved in the Korean conflict?
A1: Soviet reaction
Q2: What agency approved the use of force in South Korea?
A2: The UN Security Council
Q3: Why did the US not send in ground troops after the United Nations approved the use of force?
A3: advisers believed the North Koreans could be stopped by air and naval power
Q4: Who believed that if the issues in Korea were not dealt with the communist aggression would spread?
A4: Truman
Q5: What resources did the US devote to South Korea after the Security Council approved engaging in an armed conflict?
A5: air and naval forces
Carnival (Philosophy and religion)

A major feature is the calypso competition. Calypso music, originating in Trinidad, uses syncopated rhythm and topical lyrics. It offers a medium in which to satirise local politics, amidst the general bacchanal. Calypso tents, also originating in Trinidad, feature cadres of musicians who perform biting social commentaries, political exposés or rousing exhortations to "wuk dah waistline" and "roll dat bumper". The groups compete for the Calypso Monarch Award, while the air is redolent with the smells of Bajan cooking during the Bridgetown Market Street Fair. The Cohobblopot Festival blends dance, drama and music with the crowning of the King and Queen of costume bands. Every evening the "Pic-o-de-Crop" Show is performed after the King of Calypso is finally crowned. The climax of the festival is Kadooment Day celebrated with a national holiday when costume bands fill the streets with pulsating Barbadian rhythms and fireworks.

Q1: What type of competition is a major feature of the festival?
A1: calypso
Q2: Where did Calypso music originate?
A2: Trinidad
Q3: Who perform biting social commentaries?
A3: musicians
Q4: What do the musical groups compete for?
A4: the Calypso Monarch Award
Q5: What is the climax of the festival called?
A5: Kadooment Day
Tuvalu (Geography and places)

A major international priority for Tuvalu in the UN, at the 2002 Earth Summit in Johannesburg, South Africa and in other international fora, is promoting concern about global warming and the possible sea level rising. Tuvalu advocates ratification and implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. In December 2009 the islands stalled talks on climate change at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, fearing some other developing countries were not committing fully to binding deals on a reduction in carbon emissions. Their chief negotiator stated, "Tuvalu is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change and our future rests on the outcome of this meeting."

Q1: What crisis is a major concern for Tuvalu at the UN?
A1: global warming
Q2: In concert with global warming, what is Tuvalu's other envirnmental priority? 
A2: sea level rising
Q3: What agreement does Tuvalu advocate ratification?
A3: Kyoto Protocol
Q4: What did Tuvalu call for from other nations concerning reduction of carbon emissions?
A4: binding deals
Q5: What does Tuvalu feel its position to be in climate change?
A5: vulnerable
The_Blitz (History)

A major problem in the managing of the Luftwaffe was Hermann Göring. Hitler believed the Luftwaffe was "the most effective strategic weapon", and in reply to repeated requests from the Kriegsmarine for control over aircraft insisted, "We should never have been able to hold our own in this war if we had not had an undivided Luftwaffe". Such principles made it much harder to integrate the air force into the overall strategy and produced in Göring a jealous and damaging defence of his "empire" while removing Hitler voluntarily from the systematic direction of the Luftwaffe at either the strategic or operational level. When Hitler tried to intervene more in the running of the air force later in the war, he was faced with a political conflict of his own making between himself and Göring, which was not fully resolved until the war was almost over. In 1940 and 1941, Göring's refusal to cooperate with the Kriegsmarine denied the entire Wehrmacht military forces of the Reich the chance to strangle British sea communications, which might have had strategic or decisive effect in the war against the British Empire.

Q1: Who did Hitler have a conflict over running the air force?
A1: Hermann Göring
Q2: What strategy could have worked against the British Empire?
A2: strangle British sea communications
Q3: Who did Goring refuse to work with in 1940 and 1941?
A3: the Kriegsmarine
Q4: What did the Kriegsmarine try to gain control over?
A4: aircraft
Tuvalu (Geography and places)

A major sporting event is the "Independence Day Sports Festival" held annually on 1 October. The most important sports event within the country is arguably the Tuvalu Games, which are held yearly since 2008. Tuvalu first participated in the Pacific Games in 1978 and in the Commonwealth Games in 1998, when a weightlifter attended the games held at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Two table tennis players attended the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England; Tuvalu entered competitors in shooting, table tennis and weightlifting at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Australia; three athletes participated in the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, India, entering the discus, shot put and weightlifting events; and a team of 3 weightlifters and 2 table tennis players attended the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Tuvaluan athletes have also participated in the men's and women's 100 metre sprints at the World Championships in Athletics from 2009.

Q1: What is a major annual sports event in Tuvalu?
A1: Independence Day Sports Festival
Q2: What is the most important sports event held on Tuvalu?
A2: Tuvalu Games
Q3: In what year did Tuvalu first appear in the Commonwealth Games?
A3: 1998
Q4: What type of competitor entered the commonwealth Games in 1998?
A4: weightlifter
Q5: What competitions have Tuvalu athletes entered in the World Championships in Athletics?
A5: 100 metre sprints
Electric_motor (Engineering and technology)

A major turning point in the development of DC machines took place in 1864, when Antonio Pacinotti described for the first time the ring armature with its symmetrically grouped coils closed upon themselves and connected to the bars of a commutator, the brushes of which delivered practically non-fluctuating current. The first commercially successful DC motors followed the invention by Zénobe Gramme who, in 1871, reinvented Pacinotti's design. In 1873, Gramme showed that his dynamo could be used as a motor, which he demonstrated to great effect at exhibitions in Vienna and Philadelphia by connecting two such DC motors at a distance of up to 2 km away from each other, one as a generator. (See also 1873 : l'expérience décisive [Decisive Workaround] .)

Q1: What made Pacinotti's motor an important advancement?
A1: non-fluctuating current
Q2: Who created a motor similar to Pacinotti?
A2: Zénobe Gramme
Q3: How far from each other were the motors in Gramme's demonstrations?
A3: 2 km
Q4: Besides a motor, what did Gramme use the other device for?
A4: generator
Q5: In what two cities did Gramme conduct his demonstrations?
A5: Vienna and Philadelphia
Mandolin (Music)

A mandolin (Italian: mandolino pronounced [mandoˈliːno]; literally "small mandola") is a musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or "pick". It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist. The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths. It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.

Q1: What country did the mandolin originate from?
A1: Italian
Q2: What does mandolin translate to? 
A2: small mandola
Q3: What musical family does the mandolin come from?
A3: lute family
Q4: How is the mandolin usually played?
A4: usually plucked with a plectrum or "pick"
Q5: How many courses does a mandolin commonly have? 
A5: four
Beer (Agriculture, food, and drink)

A microbrewery, or craft brewery, produces a limited amount of beer. The maximum amount of beer a brewery can produce and still be classed as a microbrewery varies by region and by authority, though is usually around 15,000 barrels (1.8 megalitres, 396 thousand imperial gallons or 475 thousand US gallons) a year. A brewpub is a type of microbrewery that incorporates a pub or other eating establishment. The highest density of breweries in the world, most of them microbreweries, exists in the German Region of Franconia, especially in the district of Upper Franconia, which has about 200 breweries. The Benedictine Weihenstephan Brewery in Bavaria, Germany, can trace its roots to the year 768, as a document from that year refers to a hop garden in the area paying a tithe to the monastery. The brewery was licensed by the City of Freising in 1040, and therefore is the oldest working brewery in the world.

Q1: What is a brewery called that makes a small amount of beer?
A1: microbrewery
Q2: In general, how much beer can a microbrewery make and still be classified as a microbrewery?
A2: around 15,000 barrels
Q3: What would you call a microbrewery that also has a restaurant or a pub?
A3: brewpub
Q4: What city is home to the oldest known brewery in the world that is still active?
A4: Freising
Q5: What year was The Benedictine Weihenstephan Brewery first licensed as a brewery?
A5: 1040
Saint_Helena (Geography and places)

A minibus offers a basic service to carry people around Saint Helena, with most services designed to take people into Jamestown for a few hours on weekdays to conduct their business. Car hire is available for visitors.

Q1: What kind of vehicle offers basic transportation to people in Saint Helena?
A1: A minibus
Q2: Where does the minibus travel to?
A2: Jamestown
Q3: On what days does the minibus take people into Jamestown?
A3: weekdays
Baptists (Philosophy and religion)

A minority view is that early seventeenth-century Baptists were influenced by (but not directly connected to) continental Anabaptists. According to this view, the General Baptists shared similarities with Dutch Waterlander Mennonites (one of many Anabaptist groups) including believer's baptism only, religious liberty, separation of church and state, and Arminian views of salvation, predestination and original sin. Representative writers including A.C. Underwood and William R. Estep. Gourley wrote that among some contemporary Baptist scholars who emphasize the faith of the community over soul liberty, the Anabaptist influence theory is making a comeback.

Q1: Who was thought to be influenced by continental Anabaptists?
A1: early seventeenth-century Baptists
Q2: Early seventeenth-century Baptists were thought to be influenced by who?
A2: continental Anabaptists
Q3: General Baptists shared similarities with who?
A3: Dutch Waterlander Mennonites
Q4: Who are two representative writers?
A4: A.C. Underwood and William R. Estep. Gourley
Q5: What were the Dutch Waterlander Mennonites?
A5: one of many Anabaptist groups
Hydrogen (Natural sciences)

A molecular form called protonated molecular hydrogen (H+
3) is found in the interstellar medium, where it is generated by ionization of molecular hydrogen from cosmic rays. This charged ion has also been observed in the upper atmosphere of the planet Jupiter. The ion is relatively stable in the environment of outer space due to the low temperature and density. H+
3 is one of the most abundant ions in the Universe, and it plays a notable role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium. Neutral triatomic hydrogen H3 can only exist in an excited form and is unstable. By contrast, the positive hydrogen molecular ion (H+
2) is a rare molecule in the universe.

Q1: What molecular form is found in the interstellar medium?
A1: protonated molecular hydrogen
Q2: What generates protonated molecular hydrogen?
A2: ionization of molecular hydrogen from cosmic rays
Q3: On what planet can you find  protonated molecular hydrogen?
A3: Jupiter
Q4: In what way can Neutral triatomic hydrogen exist?
A4: excited form
Nutrition (Agriculture, food, and drink)

A molecule of dietary fat typically consists of several fatty acids (containing long chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms), bonded to a glycerol. They are typically found as triglycerides (three fatty acids attached to one glycerol backbone). Fats may be classified as saturated or unsaturated depending on the detailed structure of the fatty acids involved. Saturated fats have all of the carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains bonded to hydrogen atoms, whereas unsaturated fats have some of these carbon atoms double-bonded, so their molecules have relatively fewer hydrogen atoms than a saturated fatty acid of the same length. Unsaturated fats may be further classified as monounsaturated (one double-bond) or polyunsaturated (many double-bonds). Furthermore, depending on the location of the double-bond in the fatty acid chain, unsaturated fatty acids are classified as omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids. Trans fats are a type of unsaturated fat with trans-isomer bonds; these are rare in nature and in foods from natural sources; they are typically created in an industrial process called (partial) hydrogenation. There are nine kilocalories in each gram of fat. Fatty acids such as conjugated linoleic acid, catalpic acid, eleostearic acid and punicic acid, in addition to providing energy, represent potent immune modulatory molecules.

Q1: Dietary fat can be said to consist of fatty acids bonded to which molecule?
A1: glycerol
Q2: How many glycerol backbones does a triglyceride contain?
A2: one
Q3: What needs to be examined to determine whether a fat can be classified as saturated or unsaturated?
A3: the detailed structure of the fatty acids involved
Q4: Which element is present that is bonded to all of the carbons in a saturated fat?
A4: hydrogen
Q5: What kind of fat can a trans fat be categorized as?
A5: unsaturated fat
Gregorian_calendar (Mathematics)

A month after having decreed the reform, the pope with a brief of 3 April 1582 granted to Antonio Lilio, the brother of Luigi Lilio, the exclusive right to publish the calendar for a period of ten years. The Lunario Novo secondo la nuova riforma printed by Vincenzo Accolti, one of the first calendars printed in Rome after the reform, notes at the bottom that it was signed with papal authorization and by Lilio (Con licentia delli Superiori... et permissu Ant(onii) Lilij). The papal brief was later revoked, on 20 September 1582, because Antonio Lilio proved unable to keep up with the demand for copies.

Q1: When were the rights to publish the calendar granted?
A1: 3 April 1582
Q2: Who awarded the rights to publish the calendar?
A2: the pope
Q3: What problem caused the papal brief granting the right to publish to be withdrawn?
A3: demand for copies
Q4: When were the rights to print the calendar withdrawn?
A4: 20 September 1582
Q5: Where were the first calendars printed?
A5: Rome
FC_Barcelona (Sports and recreation)

A month after the Spanish Civil War began in 1936, several players from Barcelona enlisted in the ranks of those who fought against the military uprising, along with players from Athletic Bilbao. On 6 August, Falangist soldiers near Guadarrama murdered club president Josep Sunyol, a representative of the pro-independence political party. He was dubbed the martyr of barcelonisme, and his murder was a defining moment in the history of FC Barcelona and Catalan identity. In the summer of 1937, the squad was on tour in Mexico and the United States, where it was received as an ambassador of the Second Spanish Republic. The tour led to the financial security of the club, but also resulted in half of the team seeking asylum in Mexico and France, making it harder for the remaining team to contest for trophies.

Q1: Who was murdered on 6 August, 1936?
A1: Josep Sunyol
Q2: Besides being club president, what was Sunyol involved in to have caused his murder?
A2: pro-independence political party
Q3: What was Sunyol called after his death?
A3: martyr
Q4: What was club Barcelona considered to represent when on tour in 1937?
A4: Second Spanish Republic
Q5: Where did half of the Barcelona team seek asylum in 1937?
A5: Mexico and France
Nanjing (Geography and places)

A monument to the huge human cost of some of the gigantic construction projects of the early Ming dynasty is the Yangshan Quarry (located some 15–20 km (9–12 mi) east of the walled city and Ming Xiaoling mausoleum), where a gigantic stele, cut on the orders of the Yongle Emperor, lies abandoned, just as it was left 600 years ago when it was understood it was impossible to move or complete it.

Q1: How far from Nanjing is the Yangshan Quarry?
A1: 15–20 km (9–12 mi) east of the walled city
Q2: What large item is abandoned at the Quarry?
A2: a gigantic stele
Q3: How long ago was the stele abandoned?
A3: 600 years ago
Q4: Why was the stele abandoned?
A4: it was impossible to move or complete it
Q5: Who ordered the creation of the stele?
A5: the Yongle Emperor
Hydrogen (Natural sciences)

A more accurate description of the hydrogen atom comes from a purely quantum mechanical treatment that uses the Schrödinger equation, Dirac equation or even the Feynman path integral formulation to calculate the probability density of the electron around the proton. The most complicated treatments allow for the small effects of special relativity and vacuum polarization. In the quantum mechanical treatment, the electron in a ground state hydrogen atom has no angular momentum at all—an illustration of how the "planetary orbit" conception of electron motion differs from reality.

Q1: What kind of movement does the electron not have in ground state?
A1: angular
Adult_contemporary_music (Music)

A more elaborate form of urban AC is the rhythmic oldies format, which focuses primarily on "old school" R&B and soul hits from the 1960s to the 1990s, including Motown and disco hits. The format includes soul or disco artists such as ABBA, The Village People, The Jackson 5, Donna Summer, Tina Charles, Gloria Gaynor and the Bee Gees. Rhythmic oldies stations still exist today, but target African-Americans as opposed to a mass audience.

Q1: What radio format is similar to urban AC but features older soul and R&B songs?
A1: rhythmic oldies
Q2: What is the earliest decade of music typically featured on the rhythmic oldies format?
A2: 1960s
Q3: What is the most recent decade music from which music can be heard on a rhythmic oldies station?
A3: 1990s
Q4: What is the target demographic of the rhythmic oldies format?
A4: African-Americans