LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Seven_Years%27_War (History)

The British—by inclination as well as for practical reasons—had tended to avoid large-scale commitments of troops on the Continent. They sought to offset the disadvantage of this in Europe by allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies, particularly France.:15–16 By subsidising the armies of continental allies, Britain could turn London's enormous financial power to military advantage. In the Seven Years' War, the British chose as their principal partner the greatest general of the day, Frederick the Great of Prussia, then the rising power in central Europe, and paid Frederick substantial subsidies for his campaigns.:106 This was accomplished in the Diplomatic Revolution of 1756, in which Britain ended its long-standing alliance with Austria in favor of Prussia, leaving Austria to side with France. In marked contrast to France, Britain strove to prosecute the war actively in the colonies, taking full advantage of its naval power. :64–66 The British pursued a dual strategy – naval blockade and bombardment of enemy ports, and rapid movement of troops by sea. They harassed enemy shipping and attacked enemy colonies, frequently using colonists from nearby British colonies in the effort.

Q1: How did the British avoid having large contingents of troops in continental Europe?
A1: allying themselves with one or more Continental powers whose interests were antithetical to those of their enemies,
Q2: Identify an advantage that Britain had during the Seven Year's War.
A2: Britain could turn London's enormous financial power to military advantage
Q3: Who led the armies supporting British interests in central Europe?
A3: Frederick the Great of Prussia
Q4: What country was driven into an alliance with France by the British pairing with Prussia?
A4: leaving Austria to side with France
Q5: How did the British behave in defending their colonies compared to the French approach?
A5: In marked contrast to France, Britain strove to prosecute the war actively in the colonies
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx /ˈbrɒŋks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs (counties) of New York City in the state of New York, located south of Westchester County. Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south over the East River to the borough of Queens. Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014, has the fourth largest land area, the fourth highest population, and the third-highest population density.

Q1: How many boroughs are in NYC?
A1: five
Q2: Where is the Bronx positioned among NYC boroughs?
A2: northernmost
Q3: What is the Bronx's population?
A3: 1,438,159
Q4: How large is the Bronx?
A4: 42 square miles (109 km2)
Q5: What is unique about the Bronx's location?
A5: Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx Museum of the Arts, founded in 1971, exhibits 20th century and contemporary art through its central museum space and 11,000 square feet (1,000 m2) of galleries. Many of its exhibitions are on themes of special interest to the Bronx. Its permanent collection features more than 800 works of art, primarily by artists from Africa, Asia and Latin America, including paintings, photographs, prints, drawings, and mixed media. The museum was temporarily closed in 2006 while it underwent a major expansion designed by the architectural firm Arquitectonica.

Q1: When did the Bronx Museum of the Arts open?
A1: 1971
Q2: What types of art does the Bronx Museum of the Arts focus on?
A2: 20th century and contemporary art
Q3: How large are the Bronx Museum of the Arts' galleries?
A3: 11,000 square feet
Q4: How many works are in the Bronx Museum of the Arts' permanent collection?
A4: more than 800
Q5: Who designed the Bronx Museum of the Arts' 2006 expansion?
A5: Arquitectonica
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx contains one of the five poorest Congressional Districts in the United States, the 15th, but its wide diversity also includes affluent, upper-income and middle-income neighborhoods such as Riverdale, Fieldston, Spuyten Duyvil, Schuylerville, Pelham Bay, Pelham Gardens, Morris Park and Country Club. The Bronx, particularly the South Bronx, saw a sharp decline in population, livable housing, and the quality of life in the late 1960s and the 1970s, culminating in a wave of arson. Since then the communities have shown significant redevelopment starting in the late 1980s before picking up pace in the 1990s into today.

Q1: How poor is part of the Bronx?
A1: one of the five poorest Congressional Districts in the United States
Q2: What neighborhoods of the Bronx are more affluent?
A2: Riverdale, Fieldston, Spuyten Duyvil, Schuylerville, Pelham Bay, Pelham Gardens, Morris Park and Country Club
Q3: When did the South Bronx lose quality of life?
A3: the late 1960s and the 1970s
Q4: What crime problem happened in the Bronx in the 70s?
A4: arson
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx has also become home to a peculiar poetic tribute, in the form of the Heinrich Heine Memorial, better known as the Lorelei Fountain from one of Heine's best-known works (1838). After Heine's German birthplace of Düsseldorf had rejected, allegedly for anti-Semitic motives, a centennial monument to the radical German-Jewish poet (1797–1856), his incensed German-American admirers, including Carl Schurz, started a movement to place one instead in Midtown Manhattan, at Fifth Avenue and 59th Street. However, this intention was thwarted by a combination of ethnic antagonism, aesthetic controversy and political struggles over the institutional control of public art.

Q1: When was the Lorelei Fountain written about?
A1: 1838
Q2: Where was Heinrich Heine born?
A2: Düsseldorf
Q3: When was Heine born?
A3: 1797
Q4: When did Heine die?
A4: 1856
Q5: What ethnicity is Carl Schurz?
A5: German-American
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account of a Polish-Jewish girl in an immigrant family growing up before World War II, and living near Arthur Avenue and Tremont Avenue. In Jacob M. Appel's short story, "The Grand Concourse" (2007), a woman who grew up in the iconic Lewis Morris Building returns to the Morrisania neighborhood with her adult daughter. Similarly, in Avery Corman's book The Old Neighborhood (1980), an upper-middle class white protagonist returns to his birth neighborhood (Fordham Road and the Grand Concourse), and learns that even though the folks are poor, Hispanic and African-American, they are good people.

Q1: When was 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' published?
A1: 1948
Q2: How much of 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' is set in the Bronx?
A2: about half
Q3: Who wrote 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder'?
A3: Herman Wouk
Q4: When was 'The Grand Concourse' published?
A4: 2007
Q5: Who wrote 'The Grand Concourse'?
A5: Jacob M. Appel
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx has often shown striking differences from other boroughs in elections for Mayor. The only Republican to carry the Bronx since 1914 was Fiorello La Guardia in 1933, 1937 and 1941 (and in the latter two elections, only because his 30-32% vote on the American Labor Party line was added to 22-23% as a Republican). The Bronx was thus the only borough not carried by the successful Republican re-election campaigns of Mayors Rudolph Giuliani in 1997 and Michael Bloomberg in 2005. The anti-war Socialist campaign of Morris Hillquit in the 1917 mayoral election won over 31% of the Bronx's vote, putting him second and well ahead of the 20% won by the incumbent pro-war Fusion Mayor John P. Mitchel, who came in second (ahead of Hillquit) everywhere else and outpolled Hillquit city-wide by 23.2% to 21.7%.

Q1: Who was the only Republican Mayor candidate to win the Bronx since 1914?
A1: Fiorello La Guardia
Q2: Who did the Bronx vote against for mayor in 1997?
A2: Rudolph Giuliani
Q3: Who did the Bronx vote against for mayor in 2005?
A3: Michael Bloomberg
Q4: What party was Hillquit?
A4: Socialist
Q5: How much of the Bronx vote did Hillquit get in 1917?
A5: over 31%
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx has several local newspapers, including The Bronx News, Parkchester News, City News, The Riverdale Press, Riverdale Review, The Bronx Times Reporter, Inner City Press  (which now has more of a focus on national issues) and Co-Op City Times. Four non-profit news outlets, Norwood News, Mount Hope Monitor, Mott Haven Herald and The Hunts Point Express serve the borough's poorer communities. The editor and co-publisher of The Riverdale Press, Bernard Stein, won the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing for his editorials about Bronx and New York City issues in 1998. (Stein graduated from the Bronx High School of Science in 1959.)

Q1: What does the Inner City Press now focus on?
A1: national issues
Q2: Who is the Riverdale Press's editor?
A2: Bernard Stein
Q3: When did Stein win a Pulitzer?
A3: 1998
Q4: Why did Stein win a Pulitzer?
A4: for his editorials about Bronx and New York City issues
Q5: Where did Stein graduate from?
A5: the Bronx High School of Science
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx is almost entirely situated on the North American mainland. The Hudson River separates the Bronx on the west from Alpine, Tenafly and Englewood Cliffs in Bergen County, New Jersey; the Harlem River separates it from the island of Manhattan to the southwest; the East River separates it from Queens to the southeast; and to the east, Long Island Sound separates it from Nassau County in western Long Island. Directly north of the Bronx are (from west to east) the adjoining Westchester County communities of Yonkers, Mount Vernon, Pelham Manor and New Rochelle. (There is also a short southern land boundary with Marble Hill in the Borough of Manhattan, over the filled-in former course of the Spuyten Duyvil Creek. Marble Hill's postal ZIP code, telephonic Area Code and fire service, however, are shared with the Bronx and not Manhattan.)

Q1: What's on the other side of the Hudson from the Bronx?
A1: Alpine, Tenafly and Englewood Cliffs
Q2: What county is Tenafly in?
A2: Bergen County
Q3: What state is Alpine in?
A3: New Jersey
Q4: What's on the other side of the Harlem River from the Bronx?
A4: Manhattan
Q5: What's on the other side of the East River from the Bronx?
A5: Queens
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx is home to several Off-Off-Broadway theaters, many staging new works by immigrant playwrights from Latin America and Africa. The Pregones Theater, which produces Latin American work, opened a new 130-seat theater in 2005 on Walton Avenue in the South Bronx. Some artists from elsewhere in New York City have begun to converge on the area, and housing prices have nearly quadrupled in the area since 2002. However rising prices directly correlate to a housing shortage across the city and the entire metro area.

Q1: Where are many of the Bronx's playwrights from?
A1: Latin America and Africa
Q2: How many seats does the Pregones' new theater have?
A2: 130
Q3: What does the Pregones specialize in?
A3: Latin American work
Q4: When did the Pregones' new theater open?
A4: 2005
Q5: Where is the Pregones' new theater?
A5: on Walton Avenue in the South Bronx
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community, first from various European countries (particularly Ireland, Germany and Italy) and later from the Caribbean region (particularly Puerto Rico, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic), as well as African American migrants from the American South. This cultural mix has made the Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop.

Q1: Who is the Bronx named for?
A1: Jonas Bronck
Q2: What did Bronck do?
A2: created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony
Q3: When did Bronck settle in the New York area?
A3: 1639
Q4: What native tribe lived in the New York area?
A4: Lenape
Q5: What types of music the Bronx famous for?
A5: Latin music and hip hop
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx is referred to, both legally and colloquially, with a definite article, as the Bronx. (The County of Bronx, unlike the coextensive Borough of the Bronx, does not place the immediately before Bronx in formal references, nor does the United States Postal Service in its database of Bronx addresses.) The name for this region, apparently after the Bronx River, first appeared in the Annexed District of the Bronx created in 1874 out of part of Westchester County and was continued in the Borough of the Bronx, which included a larger annexation from Westchester County in 1898. The use of the definite article is attributed to the style of referring to rivers. Another explanation for the use of the definite article in the borough's name is that the original form of the name was a possessive or collective one referring to the family, as in visiting The Broncks, The Bronck's or The Broncks'.

Q1: What is the Bronx's county name?
A1: The County of Bronx
Q2: What is the Bronx's borough name?
A2: Borough of the Bronx
Q3: When was the Bronx created?
A3: 1874
Q4: What county was the Bronx split off from?
A4: Westchester
Q5: When was the Bronx added to?
A5: 1898
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx is the home of the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball. The original Yankee Stadium opened in 1923 on 161st Street and River Avenue, a year that saw the Yankees bring home their first of 27 World Series Championships. With the famous facade, the short right field porch and Monument Park, Yankee Stadium has been home to many of baseball's greatest players including Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera.

Q1: When did the first Yankee Stadium open?
A1: 1923
Q2: Where was the first Yankee Stadium?
A2: on 161st Street and River Avenue
Q3: How many times have the Yankees won the World Series?
A3: 27
Q4: Which historic great players have played at Yankee Stadium?
A4: Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera
Q5: What league are the NY Yankees in?
A5: Major League Baseball
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx street grid is irregular. Like the northernmost part of upper Manhattan, the West Bronx's hilly terrain leaves a relatively free-style street grid. Much of the West Bronx's street numbering carries over from upper Manhattan, but does not match it exactly; East 132nd Street is the lowest numbered street in the Bronx. This dates from the mid-19th century when the southwestern area of Westchester County west of the Bronx River, was incorporated into New York City and known as the Northside.

Q1: What part of Manhattan are the West Bronx's streets similar to?
A1: northernmost part of upper Manhattan
Q2: What is the lowest street number seen in the Bronx?
A2: 132nd
Q3: What was the Bronx called in the mid-19th century?
A3: the Northside
Q4: When was the Bronx added to NYC?
A4: the mid-19th century
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx underwent rapid urban growth after World War I. Extensions of the New York City Subway contributed to the increase in population as thousands of immigrants came to the Bronx, resulting in a major boom in residential construction. Among these groups, many Irish Americans, Italian Americans and especially Jewish Americans settled here. In addition, French, German, Polish and other immigrants moved into the borough. The Jewish population also increased notably during this time. In 1937, according to Jewish organizations, 592,185 Jews lived in The Bronx (43.9% of the borough's population), while only 54,000 Jews lived in the borough in 2011. Many synagogues still stand in the Bronx, but most have been converted to other uses.

Q1: How many Jews lived in the Bronx in 1937?
A1: 592,185
Q2: How many Jews lived in the Bronx in 2011?
A2: 54,000
Q3: What led to the Bronx's population growth?
A3: Extensions of the New York City Subway
Q4: What immigrant groups were the most prevalent in the Bronx?
A4: Irish Americans, Italian Americans and especially Jewish Americans
Q5: How much of the Bronx was Jewish in 1937?
A5: 43.9%
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx's evolution from a hot bed of Latin jazz to an incubator of hip hop was the subject of an award-winning documentary, produced by City Lore and broadcast on PBS in 2006, "From Mambo to Hip Hop: A South Bronx Tale". Hip Hop first emerged in the South Bronx in the early 1970s. The New York Times has identified 1520 Sedgwick Avenue "an otherwise unremarkable high-rise just north of the Cross Bronx Expressway and hard along the Major Deegan Expressway" as a starting point, where DJ Kool Herc presided over parties in the community room.

Q1: When did a PBS documentary air about the Bronx's music history?
A1: 2006
Q2: What PBS documentary covered the Bronx's music history?
A2: "From Mambo to Hip Hop: A South Bronx Tale"
Q3: Where did DJ Kool Herc hold parties?
A3: 1520 Sedgwick Avenue
Q4: Who produced 'From Mambo To Hip Hop'?
A4: City Lore
Q5: Where is 1520 Sedgwick?
A5: just north of the Cross Bronx Expressway and hard along the Major Deegan Expressway
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

The Bronx's highest elevation at 280 feet (85 m) is in the northwest corner, west of Van Cortlandt Park and in the Chapel Farm area near the Riverdale Country School. The opposite (southeastern) side of the Bronx has four large low peninsulas or "necks" of low-lying land that jut into the waters of the East River and were once salt marsh: Hunt's Point, Clason's Point, Screvin's Neck and Throg's Neck. Further up the coastline, Rodman's Neck lies between Pelham Bay Park in the northeast and City Island. The Bronx's irregular shoreline extends for 75 square miles (194 km2).

Q1: Where is the Bronx's highest point?
A1: in the northwest corner, west of Van Cortlandt Park and in the Chapel Farm area near the Riverdale Country School
Q2: What part of the Bronx formerly a salt marsh?
A2: southeastern
Q3: What are the Bronx's four low peninsulas?
A3: Hunt's Point, Clason's Point, Screvin's Neck and Throg's Neck
Q4: What is Rodman's Neck between?
A4: Pelham Bay Park in the northeast and City Island
Q5: How long is the Bronx's shoreline?
A5: 75 square miles
Myanmar (Geography and places)

The Bronze Age arrived circa 1500 BC when people in the region were turning copper into bronze, growing rice and domesticating poultry and pigs; they were among the first people in the world to do so. Human remains and artifacts from this era were discovered in Monywa District in the Sagaing Division. The Iron Age began around 500 BC with the emergence of iron-working settlements in an area south of present-day Mandalay. Evidence also shows the presence of rice-growing settlements of large villages and small towns that traded with their surroundings as far as China between 500 BC and 200 AD. Iron Age Burmese cultures also had influences from outside sources such as India and Thailand, as seen in their funerary practices concerning child burials. This indicates some form of communication between groups in Myanmar and other places, possibly through trade.

Q1: By what name is the era in the 3rd millennium around 1500 BC known?
A1: The Bronze Age
Q2: What events of significance to human development occurred during the Bronze Age ?
A2: people in the region were turning copper into bronze, growing rice
Q3: What event evolving animals are the Myanmar also accredited with being the first to accomplish?
A3: domesticating poultry and pigs
Q4: When did the Age of Iron begin?
A4: The Iron Age began around 500 BC
Q5: What events punctuate the beginning of the Iron Age?
A5: with the emergence of iron-working settlements in an area south of present-day Mandalay
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 (History)

The Brookings Institution reported in June 2009 that U.S. consumption accounted for more than a third of the growth in global consumption between 2000 and 2007. "The US economy has been spending too much and borrowing too much for years and the rest of the world depended on the U.S. consumer as a source of global demand." With a recession in the U.S. and the increased savings rate of U.S. consumers, declines in growth elsewhere have been dramatic. For the first quarter of 2009, the annualized rate of decline in GDP was 14.4% in Germany, 15.2% in Japan, 7.4% in the UK, 18% in Latvia, 9.8% in the Euro area and 21.5% for Mexico.

Q1: According to The Brookings Institution report in June 2009, how much growth did U.S. consumption account for between 2000 and 2007?
A1: more than a third
Q2: For the first quarter of 2009, what was the annualized rate of decline in GDP in Germany?
A2: 14.4%
Q3: For the first quarter of 2009, what was the annualized rate of decline in GDP in Mexico?
A3: 21.5%
Q4: Who depended on the U.S. consumer as a source of global demand?
A4: the rest of the world
Q5: What is one reason for the decline in growth around the world in 2009?
A5: recession in the U.S.
Buddhism (Philosophy and religion)

The Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, he is living on in other planes of existence, and monks are therefore permitted to offer "new truths" based on his input. Mahayana also differs from Theravada in its concept of śūnyatā (that ultimately nothing has existence), and in its belief in bodhisattvas (enlightened people who vow to continue being reborn until all beings can be enlightened).

Q1: Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, as he is living in other planes of what?
A1: existence
Q2: Who is permitted to offer "new truths" based on Buddhas input?
A2: monks
Q3: What is the term for the idea of ultimately nothing has existance?
A3: śūnyatā
Q4: Who are enlightened people who vow to continue being reborn?
A4: bodhisattvas
Buddhism (Philosophy and religion)

The Buddhist texts are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques. They describe meditative practices and states that existed before the Buddha as well as those first developed within Buddhism. Two Upanishads written after the rise of Buddhism do contain full-fledged descriptions of yoga as a means to liberation.

Q1: What are probably the earliest texts describing meditation techniques?
A1: Buddhist texts
Q2: What describes meditative states exising before the Buddha?
A2: Buddhist texts
Q3: What two items were written after the rise of Buddhism?
A3: Upanishads