LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Arena_Football_League (Sports and recreation)

The first video game based on the AFL was Arena Football for the C-64 released in 1988. On May 18, 2000, Kurt Warner's Arena Football Unleashed was released by Midway Games for the PlayStation game console. On February 7, 2006 EA Sports released Arena Football for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. EA Sports released another AFL video game, titled Arena Football: Road to Glory, on February 21, 2007, for the PlayStation 2.

Q1: What was the first Arena Football League video game?
A1: Arena Football
Q2: For what system was the first Arena Football League video game released?
A2: the C-64
Q3: In what year was the first Arena Football League video game released?
A3: 1988
Q4: On what date was Kurt Warner's Arena Football Unleashed released?
A4: May 18, 2000
Q5: Who made Kurt Warner's Arena Football Unleashed?
A5: Midway Games
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 (History)

The first visible institution to run into trouble in the United States was the Southern California–based IndyMac, a spin-off of Countrywide Financial. Before its failure, IndyMac Bank was the largest savings and loan association in the Los Angeles market and the seventh largest mortgage originator in the United States. The failure of IndyMac Bank on July 11, 2008, was the fourth largest bank failure in United States history up until the crisis precipitated even larger failures, and the second largest failure of a regulated thrift. IndyMac Bank's parent corporation was IndyMac Bancorp until the FDIC seized IndyMac Bank. IndyMac Bancorp filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy in July 2008.

Q1: Which financial institution was the first one visible to run into trouble in the United States?
A1: IndyMac
Q2: Who was Southern California-based IndyMac a spin-off of?
A2: Countrywide Financial
Q3: Before its failure, which savings and loan association was the seventh largest mortgage originator in the United States?
A3: IndyMac Bank
Q4: On what date did IndyMac fail?
A4: July 11, 2008
Q5: Who was IndyMac's parent corporation?
A5: IndyMac Bancorp
Light-emitting_diode (Engineering and technology)

The first visible-spectrum (red) LED was developed in 1962 by Nick Holonyak, Jr., while working at General Electric Company. Holonyak first reported his LED in the journal Applied Physics Letters on the December 1, 1962. M. George Craford, a former graduate student of Holonyak, invented the first yellow LED and improved the brightness of red and red-orange LEDs by a factor of ten in 1972. In 1976, T. P. Pearsall created the first high-brightness, high-efficiency LEDs for optical fiber telecommunications by inventing new semiconductor materials specifically adapted to optical fiber transmission wavelengths.

Q1: At what global company was the first visible-spectrum LED developed?
A1: General Electric Company
Q2: What GE employee developed the visible-spectrum LED?
A2: Nick Holonyak, Jr.
Q3: What color is associated with the visible-spectrum LED?
A3: red
Q4: What color LED was later created in 1972?
A4: yellow
Q5: What graduate student of Holonyak created the yellow LED?
A5: M. George Craford
Israel (History)

The first wave of modern Jewish migration to Ottoman-ruled Palestine, known as the First Aliyah, began in 1881, as Jews fled pogroms in Eastern Europe. Although the Zionist movement already existed in practice, Austro-Hungarian journalist Theodor Herzl is credited with founding political Zionism, a movement which sought to establish a Jewish state in the Land of Israel, thus offering a solution to the so-called Jewish Question of the European states, in conformity with the goals and achievements of other national projects of the time. In 1896, Herzl published Der Judenstaat (The State of the Jews), offering his vision of a future Jewish state; the following year he presided over the first Zionist Congress.

Q1: What was the first wave of modern Jewish migration to Ottoman-ruled Palestine known as?
A1: First Aliyah
Q2: When did the First Aliyah begin?
A2: 1881
Q3: Who is credited as founding political Zionism?
A3: Theodor Herzl
Web_browser (Engineering and technology)

The first web browser was invented in 1990 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee. Berners-Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which oversees the Web's continued development, and is also the founder of the World Wide Web Foundation. His browser was called WorldWideWeb and later renamed Nexus.

Q1: When was the first browser created?
A1: 1990
Q2: Who invented the first browser?
A2: Sir Tim Berners-Lee
Q3: What was Berners-Lee a director of?
A3: the World Wide Web Consortium
Q4: What organization did Berners-Lee create?
A4: World Wide Web Foundation
Canadian_football (Sports and recreation)

The first written account of a game played was on October 15, 1862, on the Montreal Cricket Grounds. It was between the First Battalion Grenadier Guards and the Second Battalion Scots Fusilier Guards resulting in a win by the Grenadier Guards 3 goals, 2 rouges to nothing.[citation needed] In 1864, at Trinity College, Toronto, F. Barlow Cumberland, Frederick A. Bethune, and Christopher Gwynn, one of the founders of Milton, Massachusetts, devised rules based on rugby football. The game gradually gained a following, with the Hamilton Football Club formed on November 3, 1869, (the oldest football club in Canada). Montreal formed a team April 8, 1872, Toronto was formed on October 4, 1873, and the Ottawa FBC on September 20, 1876.

Q1: On which date was the first Canadian football game for which a written record has survived?
A1: October 15, 1862
Q2: Which team won the first recorded Canadian football game?
A2: First Battalion Grenadier Guards
Q3: What was the first final score recorded of a Canadian football game?
A3: 3 goals, 2 rouges to nothing
Q4: What is the oldest football club in Canada?
A4: Hamilton Football Club
Q5: Which founder of Milton, MA also helped develop the rules of Canadian football?
A5: Christopher Gwynn
Middle_Ages (History)

The first years of the 14th century were marked by famines, culminating in the Great Famine of 1315–17. The causes of the Great Famine included the slow transition from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age, which left the population vulnerable when bad weather caused crop failures. The years 1313–14 and 1317–21 were excessively rainy throughout Europe, resulting in widespread crop failures. The climate change—which resulted in a declining average annual temperature for Europe during the 14th century—was accompanied by an economic downturn.

Q1: In what years did the Great Famine occur?
A1: 1315–17
Q2: What period resulted in poor weather that increased crop failures?
A2: the Little Ice Age
Q3: What period preceded the Little Ice Age?
A3: the Medieval Warm Period
Q4: Along with 1317–21, what span saw extreme rains in Europe?
A4: 1313–14
Q5: In what century did the European average annual temperature decrease?
A5: 14th
Geography_of_the_United_States (Geography and places)

The five Great Lakes are located in the north-central portion of the country, four of them forming part of the border with Canada, only Lake Michigan situated entirely within United States. The southeast United States contain subtropical forests and, near the gulf coast, mangrove wetlands, especially in Florida. West of the Appalachians lies the Mississippi River basin and two large eastern tributaries, the Ohio River and the Tennessee River. The Ohio and Tennessee Valleys and the Midwest consist largely of rolling hills and productive farmland, stretching south to the Gulf Coast.

Q1: How many Great Lakes form a border with Canada?
A1: four
Q2: Which of the Great Lakes is entirely located in US territory?
A2: Lake Michigan
Q3: Which major river is located west of the Appalachian mountains?
A3: Mississippi River
Q4: What type of land makes up the Ohio and Tennessee valleys?
A4: rolling hills and productive farmland
Q5: Which section of the US contains subtropical forests and mangrove wetlands?
A5: southeast United States
Department_store (Social sciences and society)

The five most prevalent chains are Lotte, Hyundai, Shinsegae, Galleria, AK plaza. Lotte Department Store is the largest, operating more than 40 stores (include outlet, young plaza, foreign branches). Hyundai Department Store has about 14 stores (13dept, 1outlet), and there are 10 stores in Shinsegae. Shinsegae has 3 outlet store with Simon. Galleria has 5, AK has 5 stores. Galleriaeast and west is well known by luxury goods. These five department stores are known to people as representative corporations in the field of distirution in South Korea. From fashion items to electric appliances, people can buy various kinds of products. Every weekend, people are fond of going around these department stores, because their location is usually easy to visit. As of 2010 the Shinsegae department store in Centum City, Busan, is the largest department store in the world.

Q1: What department store chain operates the most stores? 
A1: Lotte Department Store
Q2: Where is the "field of distribution" most often associated with?
A2: South Korea
Q3: What store was the largest department store in the world in 2010?
A3: Shinsegae department store
Q4: Where is the largest department store in the world located?
A4: Centum City, Busan
Flowering_plant (Natural sciences)

The flower may consist only of these parts, as in willow, where each flower comprises only a few stamens or two carpels. Usually, other structures are present and serve to protect the sporophylls and to form an envelope attractive to pollinators. The individual members of these surrounding structures are known as sepals and petals (or tepals in flowers such as Magnolia where sepals and petals are not distinguishable from each other). The outer series (calyx of sepals) is usually green and leaf-like, and functions to protect the rest of the flower, especially the bud. The inner series (corolla of petals) is, in general, white or brightly colored, and is more delicate in structure. It functions to attract insect or bird pollinators. Attraction is effected by color, scent, and nectar, which may be secreted in some part of the flower. The characteristics that attract pollinators account for the popularity of flowers and flowering plants among humans.

Q1: What is a willow's flower comprised of?
A1: only a few stamens or two carpels
Q2: What have some structures evolved to protect?
A2: the sporophylls
Q3: Individual members of enveloping structures are known by what terms?
A3: sepals and petals
Q4: What appearance are calyx of sepals typically?
A4: green and leaf-like
Q5: The features of flowers which attract pollinators also attract what other creature?
A5: humans
Flowering_plant (Natural sciences)

The flowering plants (angiosperms), also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with about 350,000 species. Like gymnosperms, angiosperms are seed-producing plants; they are distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics including flowers, endosperm within the seeds, and the production of fruits that contain the seeds. Etymologically, angiosperm means a plant that produces seeds within an enclosure, in other words, a fruiting plant. The term "angiosperm" comes from the Greek composite word (angeion-, "case" or "casing", and sperma, "seed") meaning "enclosed seeds", after the enclosed condition of the seeds.

Q1: What are the most diverse group of land plants?
A1: angiosperms
Q2: How many species of flowering plants are there about?
A2: 350,000
Q3: What do angiosperms have in common with gymnosperms?
A3: seed-producing plants
Q4: What does an angiosperm produce its seeds within?
A4: an enclosure
Q5: What is the Greek word for "case" or "casing"?
A5: angeion
Annelid (Natural sciences)

The fluid in the coelomata contains coelomocyte cells that defend the animals against parasites and infections. In some species coelomocytes may also contain a respiratory pigment – red hemoglobin in some species, green chlorocruorin in others (dissolved in the plasma) – and provide oxygen transport within their segments. Respiratory pigment is also dissolved in the blood plasma. Species with well-developed septa generally also have blood vessels running all long their bodies above and below the gut, the upper one carrying blood forwards while the lower one carries it backwards. Networks of capillaries in the body wall and around the gut transfer blood between the main blood vessels and to parts of the segment that need oxygen and nutrients. Both of the major vessels, especially the upper one, can pump blood by contracting. In some annelids the forward end of the upper blood vessel is enlarged with muscles to form a heart, while in the forward ends of many earthworms some of the vessels that connect the upper and lower main vessels function as hearts. Species with poorly developed or no septa generally have no blood vessels and rely on the circulation within the coelom for delivering nutrients and oxygen.

Q1: What can coelomocyte cells defend against?
A1: parasites and infections
Q2: What type of pigment is dissolved in annelids' blood?
A2: Respiratory
Q3: What runs the length of annelids' bodies with well-developed septa?
A3: blood vessels
Q4: What do annelids without septa have to use for circulation?
A4: circulation within the coelom
Hellenistic_period (History)

The focus on the Hellenistic period over the course of the 19th century by scholars and historians has led to an issue common to the study of historical periods; historians see the period of focus as a mirror of the period in which they are living. Many 19th century scholars contended that the Hellenistic period represented a cultural decline from the brilliance of classical Greece. Though this comparison is now seen as unfair and meaningless, it has been noted that even commentators of the time saw the end of a cultural era which could not be matched again. This may be inextricably linked with the nature of government. It has been noted by Herodotus that after the establishment of the Athenian democracy:

Q1: What century of scholars considered the Hellenistic period a decline in culture from classic Greece?
A1: 19th
Q2: How did 19th century scholars view the Hellenistic period?
A2: a mirror
Q3: The viewpoint that the Hellenistic period represented a decline in culture was proven to be meaningless and what?
A3: unfair
Israel (History)

The following day, the armies of four Arab countries—Egypt, Syria, Transjordan and Iraq—entered what had been British Mandatory Palestine, launching the 1948 Arab–Israeli War; Contingents from Yemen, Morocco, Saudi Arabia and Sudan joined the war. The apparent purpose of the invasion was to prevent the establishment of the Jewish state at inception, and some Arab leaders talked about driving the Jews into the sea. According to Benny Morris, Jews felt that the invading Arab armies aimed to slaughter the Jews. The Arab league stated that the invasion was to restore law and order and to prevent further bloodshed.

Q1: What four Arab countries entered British Mandatory Palestine?
A1: Egypt, Syria, Transjordan and Iraq
Q2: When was the Arab-Israeli War launched?
A2: 1948
Q3: What were the invading Arab armies aim?
A3: slaughter the Jews
Greece (Geography and places)

The following era was marked by instability, as over 1.5 million propertyless Greek refugees from Turkey had to be integrated into Greek society. Because the term "Greeks" in the exchange was based on religion Cappadocian Greeks, Pontian Greeks, and non Greek followers of Greek Orthodoxy were all subject to the exchange as well. Many of these refugees couldn't even speak the language, and were from alien environments, such as the case of the non Greeks and Cappadocians. The refugees also made a dramatic post war population boost, as the amount of refugees was more than a quarter of Greece's prior population. The task was undertaken by settling the Pontians and Cappadocians in the Macedonian mountains, where they would adapt better, and settling the Demotic speakers and non Greeks in the Greek Isles and cities, where they were already adapted to.

Q1: How many Greek refugees came from Turkey?
A1: 1.5 million
Q2: Pontian and Cappadocian refugees were relocated to where?
A2: Macedonian mountains
Q3: Demotic speaking Greek refugees were placed where?
A3: Greek Isles and cities
Chinese_characters (Language and literature)

The following is a comparison of Chinese characters in the Standard Form of National Characters, a common traditional Chinese standard used in Taiwan, the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters, the standard for Mainland Chinese simplified Chinese characters, and the jōyō kanji, the standard for Japanese kanji. Generally, the jōyō kanji are more similar to traditional Chinese characters than simplified Chinese characters are to traditional Chinese characters. "Simplified" refers to having significant differences from the Taiwan standard, not necessarily being a newly created character or a newly performed substitution. The characters in the Hong Kong standard and the Kangxi Dictionary are also known as "Traditional," but are not shown.

Q1: What are also known as "traditional"?
A1: characters in the Hong Kong standard and the Kangxi Dictionary
Q2: What is usually more similar to traditional Chinese characters?
A2: jōyō kanji
Q3: What is commonly used in Taiwan?
A3: Table of General Standard Chinese Characters
Canadian_Armed_Forces (Warfare)

The following is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces. It begins at the top with the most senior-ranking personnel and works its way into lower organizations.

Q1: What is the hierarchy of the Canadian Armed Forces?
A1: It begins at the top with the most senior-ranking personnel and works its way into lower organizations.
Pesticide (Natural sciences)

The following sulfonylureas have been commercialized for weed control: amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, halosulfuron-methyl, imazosulfuron, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron-methyl Sulfosulfuron, terbacil, bispyribac-sodium, cyclosulfamuron, and pyrithiobac-sodium. Nicosulfuron, triflusulfuron methyl, and chlorsulfuron are broad-spectrum herbicides that kill plants by inhibiting the enzyme acetolactate synthase. In the 1960s, more than 1 kg/ha (0.89 lb/acre) crop protection chemical was typically applied, while sulfonylureates allow as little as 1% as much material to achieve the same effect.

Q1: What are sulfonyureas commonly used for?
A1: weed control
Q2: Nicosulfuron, triflusulfuron methyl and chlorsulfuron can be classified as what type of pesticides?
A2: broad-spectrum herbicides
Q3: The restriction of what enzyme allows broad-spectrum herbicides to kill plants?
A3: acetolactate synthase
Q4: The amount of material used as a crop protection measure decreased from 1kg/ha in what year to its current 1%?
A4: 1960s
United_States_presidential_election,_2004 (History)

The following week, John Edwards won the South Carolina primary and finished a strong second in Oklahoma to Clark. Lieberman dropped out of the campaign the following day. Kerry dominated throughout February and his support quickly snowballed as he won caucuses and primaries, taking in a string of wins in Michigan, Washington, Maine, Tennessee, Washington, D.C., Nevada, Wisconsin, Utah, Hawaii, and Idaho. Clark and Dean dropped out during this time, leaving Edwards as the only real threat to Kerry. Kucinich and Sharpton continued to run despite poor results at the polls.

Q1: Which candidate went on to win the South Carolina primary?
A1: John Edwards
Q2: Which candidate won the Oklahoma primary?
A2: Clark
Q3: Which candidate dropped out of the race, following losing the Oklahoma primary?
A3: Lieberman
Q4: Which candidate received heighted support after winning caucuses and primaries in many states?
A4: Kerry
Q5: After Clark and Dean dropped out, which candidate was considered to be the only real contender against Kerry?
A5: Edwards
The_Times (History)

The following year, when Philip Graves, the Constantinople (modern Istanbul) correspondent of The Times, exposed The Protocols as a forgery, The Times retracted the editorial of the previous year.

Q1: A Constantinople correspondent of The Times exposed what anti-Semitic document as a forgery?
A1: The Protocols
Q2: Who was the name of the The Times Constantinople correspondent who exposed the anti-Semitic document as a forgery?
A2: Philip Graves
Q3: How did The Times respond to the exposing of anti-Semitic documents as forgery?
A3: retracted the editorial
Northwestern_University (History)

The football team plays at Ryan Field (formerly known as Dyche Stadium); the basketball, wrestling, and volleyball teams play at Welsh-Ryan Arena. Northwestern's athletic teams are nicknamed the Wildcats. Before 1924, they were known as "The Purple" and unofficially as "The Fighting Methodists." The name Wildcats was bestowed upon the university in 1924 by Wallace Abbey, a writer for the Chicago Daily Tribune who wrote that even in a loss to the University of Chicago, "Football players had not come down from Evanston; wildcats would be a name better suited to [Coach Glenn] Thistletwaite's boys." The name was so popular that university board members made "wildcats" the official nickname just months later. In 1972, the student body voted to change the official nickname from "Wildcats" to "Purple Haze" but the new name never stuck.

Q1: Where do Northwestern's basketball, wrestling, and volleyball teams play?
A1: Welsh-Ryan Arena
Q2: What is the nickname given to Northwestern's athletic teams?
A2: Wildcats
Q3: What was the official nickname of Northwestern's athletic teams prior to 1924?
A3: The Purple
Q4: What was the unofficial nickname of the Northwestern athletic teams prior to 1924?
A4: The Fighting Methodists
Q5: What name did the student body unsuccessfully try to rename the Wildcats in 1972?
A5: Purple Haze
Pacific_War (History)

The forces converged in the largest sea battle of World War II up to that point. Over the previous month American destroyers had destroyed 17 of 25 submarines out of Ozawa's screening force. Repeated U.S. raids destroyed the Japanese land-based planes. Ozawa's main attack lacked coordination, with the Japanese planes arriving at their targets in a staggered sequence. Following a directive from Nimitz, the U.S. carriers all had combat information centers, which interpreted the flow of radar data and radioed interception orders to the Hellcats. The result was later dubbed the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot. The few attackers to reach the U.S. fleet encountered massive AA fire with proximity fuzes. Only one American warship was slightly damaged.

Q1: How many of Ozawa's submarines were sunk by American destroyers?
A1: 17
Q2: How many American warships were damaged during the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot?
A2: one
Q3: In what sequence did Japanese planes arrive at their targets?
A3: staggered
Q4: Where did the radio interception orders to U.S> Hellcat fighters come from?
A4: combat information centers
Q5: Who gave the directive for all carriers in the US Navy to have combat information centers?
A5: Nimitz
Biodiversity (Natural sciences)

The forests play a vital role in harbouring more than 45,000 floral and 81,000 faunal species of which 5150 floral and 1837 faunal species are endemic. Plant and animal species confined to a specific geographical area are called endemic species. In reserved forests, rights to activities like hunting and grazing are sometimes given to communities living on the fringes of the forest, who sustain their livelihood partially or wholly from forest resources or products. The unclassed forests covers 6.4 percent of the total forest area and they are marked by the following characteristics:

Q1: What plays a vital role in harbouring floral and faunal species?
A1: The forests
Q2: How many endemic floral species do forests harbor?
A2: 5150
Q3: How many endemic faunal species do forests harbor?
A3: 1837
Q4: What types of animals and plans are confined to a specific geographical area?
A4: endemic species
Q5: What types of activities are granted rights in reserved forests?
A5: hunting and grazing