LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Dwight_D._Eisenhower (History)

The trustees of Columbia University refused to accept Eisenhower's resignation in December 1950, when he took an extended leave from the university to become the Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and he was given operational command of NATO forces in Europe. Eisenhower retired from active service as an Army general on May 31, 1952, and he resumed his presidency of Columbia. He held this position until January 20, 1953, when he became the President of the United States.

Q1: When was Eisenhower's resignation of Columbia turned down?
A1: December 1950
Q2: What role did Eisenhower fill after leaving Columbia?
A2: Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Q3: On what date did Eisenhower leave active duty in the military?
A3: May 31, 1952
Q4: What job did Eisenhower hold after his second tenure as president of Columbia?
A4: President of the United States
Q5: When did Eisenhower become President of the United States?
A5: January 20, 1953
Frédéric_Chopin (Music)

The two became friends, and for many years lived in close proximity in Paris, Chopin at 38 Rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin, and Liszt at the Hôtel de France on the Rue Lafitte, a few blocks away. They performed together on seven occasions between 1833 and 1841. The first, on 2 April 1833, was at a benefit concert organized by Hector Berlioz for his bankrupt Shakespearean actress wife Harriet Smithson, during which they played George Onslow's Sonata in F minor for piano duet. Later joint appearances included a benefit concert for the Benevolent Association of Polish Ladies in Paris. Their last appearance together in public was for a charity concert conducted for the Beethoven Memorial in Bonn, held at the Salle Pleyel and the Paris Conservatory on 25 and 26 April 1841.

Q1: What address did Frédéric live at during his stay in Paris?
A1: 38 Rue de la Chaussée-d'Antin
Q2: How far down the road did Liszt live from Frédéric during this time?
A2: a few blocks
Q3: How many times did Frédéric and Liszt collaborate in performances during the years of 1833 to 1841?
A3: seven
Q4: For whose benefit was the first of these concerts performed for on 2 April 1833?
A4: Harriet Smithson
Q5: At which two establishments was the last of these performances conducted at on 25 and 26 April 1841?
A5: Salle Pleyel and the Paris Conservatory
Q6: When was the first time Liszt and Chopin performed together?
A6: 2 April 1833
Q7: What was the charity that Liszt and Chopin last performed for?
A7: the Beethoven Memorial in Bonn
Q8: Where did Liszt and Chopin last perform together?
A8: Salle Pleyel and the Paris Conservatory
Q9: When Liszt lived close to Chopin, where did he call home?
A9: the Hôtel de France on the Rue Lafitte
Q10: How many times did Chopin and Liszy perform together in public?
A10: seven
Q11: Who did the first concert of Chopin and Liszt benefit?
A11: Harriet Smithson
Estonian_language (Language and literature)

The two different historical Estonian languages (sometimes considered dialects), the North and South Estonian languages, are based on the ancestors of modern Estonians' migration into the territory of Estonia in at least two different waves, both groups speaking considerably different Finnic vernaculars. Modern standard Estonian has evolved on the basis of the dialects of Northern Estonia.

Q1: What was the minimum number of waves through which modern Estonians migrated into Estonia?
A1: two
Q2: What are the names of the two separate Estonian languages?
A2: North and South Estonian languages
American_Idol (Music)

The two finalists in 2011 were Lauren Alaina and Scotty McCreery, both teenage country singers. McCreery won the competition on May 25, being the youngest male winner and the fourth male in a row to win American Idol. McCreery released his first single, "I Love You This Big", as his coronation song, and Alaina released "Like My Mother Does". McCreery's debut album, Clear as Day, became the first debut album by an Idol winner to reach No. 1 on the US Billboard 200 since Ruben Studdard's Soulful in 2003, and he became the youngest male artist to reach No. 1 on the Billboard 200.

Q1: What genre of music did season ten American Idol contestant Lauren Alaina sing?
A1: country
Q2: Who was the winner of American Idols tenth season?
A2: Scotty McCreery
Q3: What song did Scotty McCreery first release after winning American Idol?
A3: I Love You This Big
Q4: What song did Lauren Alaina release after coming in second on American Idol?
A4: Like My Mother Does
Q5: What is the name of the successful album that Ruben Studdard released in 2003?
A5: Soulful
Q6: When was the season finale of Idol?
A6: May 25
Q7: Scotty's first album reached the top Billboard spot, the first time for an Idol winner since when?
A7: Ruben Studdard
American_Idol (Music)

The two finalists were Kris Allen and Adam Lambert, both of whom had previously landed in the bottom three at the top five. Allen won the contest in the most controversial voting result since season two. It was claimed, later retracted, that 38 million of the 100 million votes cast on the night came from Allen's home state of Arkansas alone, and that AT&T employees unfairly influenced the votes by giving lessons on power-texting at viewing parties in Arkansas.

Q1: Who were the final two contestants on season eight of American Idol?
A1: Kris Allen and Adam Lambert
Q2: Who won season eight of American Idol?
A2: Kris Allen
Q3: What state is American Idol winner Kris Allen from?
A3: Arkansas
Q4: How many votes were cast in the American Idol finale in season eight?
A4: 100 million
Q5: Who won the season?
A5: Kris Allen
Q6: The only prior season to have matching controversy over the winner was?
A6: season two
Q7: How many votes were cast for the final two?
A7: 100 million
Q8: Who was accused of teaching the public how to power text for the winner?
A8: AT&T employees
Portugal (Geography and places)

The two largest metropolitan areas have subway systems: Lisbon Metro and Metro Sul do Tejo in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and Porto Metro in the Porto Metropolitan Area, each with more than 35 km (22 mi) of lines. In Portugal, Lisbon tram services have been supplied by the Companhia de Carris de Ferro de Lisboa (Carris), for over a century. In Porto, a tram network, of which only a tourist line on the shores of the Douro remain, began construction on 12 September 1895 (a first for the Iberian Peninsula). All major cities and towns have their own local urban transport network, as well as taxi services.

Q1: What are the two subway systems in Portugal?
A1: Lisbon Metro and Metro Sul do Tejo in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and Porto Metro in the Porto Metropolitan Area
Q2: How long are each of the subway systems?
A2: more than 35 km (22 mi)
Q3: By what company have the Lisbon tram services been supplies by?
A3: Companhia de Carris de Ferro de Lisboa (Carris)
Q4: For how long has the Libon tram service existed?
A4: over a century
Southampton (Geography and places)

The two local Sunday Leagues in the Southampton area are the City of Southampton Sunday Football League and the Southampton and District Sunday Football League.

Q1: Local Southampton football leagues have what day of the week in their names?
A1: Sunday
Q2: How many local Sunday football leagues does Southampton have? 
A2: two
Q3: What's the name of the local league with "City" in its name?
A3: City of Southampton Sunday Football League
Q4: What's the name of the the local league with "District" in its name?
A4: Southampton and District Sunday Football League
Muslim_world (Philosophy and religion)

The two main denominations of Islam are the Sunni and Shia sects. They differ primarily upon of how the life of the ummah ("faithful") should be governed, and the role of the imam. These two main differences stem from the understanding of which hadith are to interpret the Quran. Sunnis believe the true political successor of the Prophet in Sunnah is based on ٍShura (consultation) at the Saqifah which selected Abu Bakr, father of the Prophet's favourite wife, 'A'ishah, to lead the Islamic community while the religious succession ceased to exist on account of finality of Prophethood. Shia on the other hand believe that the true political as well as religious successor is Ali ibn Abi Talib, husband of the Prophet's daughter Fatimah (designated by the Prophet).

Q1: Which Muslim denominations are the most dominant?
A1: Sunni and Shia
Q2: What are the two main things differentiating Sunni and Shia?
A2: how the life of the ummah ("faithful") should be governed, and the role of the imam
Q3: Who is believed, among Sunnis,  to be the political successor of the Prophet?
A3: Abu Bakr
Q4: Who was Abu Bakr?
A4: father of the Prophet's favourite wife
Q5: Who was Ali ibn Abi Talib?
A5: husband of the Prophet's daughter Fatimah
Nonprofit_organization (Social sciences and society)

The two major types of nonprofit organization are membership and board-only. A membership organization elects the board and has regular meetings and the power to amend the bylaws. A board-only organization typically has a self-selected board, and a membership whose powers are limited to those delegated to it by the board. A board-only organization's bylaws may even state that the organization does not have any membership, although the organization's literature may refer to its donors or service recipients as "members"; examples of such organizations are Fairvote and the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws. The Model Nonprofit Corporation Act imposes many complexities and requirements on membership decision-making. Accordingly, many organizations, such as Wikimedia, have formed board-only structures. The National Association of Parliamentarians has generated concerns about the implications of this trend for the future of openness, accountability, and understanding of public concerns in nonprofit organizations. Specifically, they note that nonprofit organizations, unlike business corporations, are not subject to market discipline for products and shareholder discipline of their capital; therefore, without membership control of major decisions such as election of the board, there are few inherent safeguards against abuse. A rebuttal to this might be that as nonprofit organizations grow and seek larger donations, the degree of scrutiny increases, including expectations of audited financial statements. A further rebuttal might be that NPOs are constrained, by their choice of legal structure, from financial benefit as far as distribution of profit to its members/directors is concerned. Beware of board-only organizations- review the board members annual income before donating, such as the Clinton Foundation. Board members who decide what percentage of your donations will increase their personal wealth are rampant in abusing this designation of an NPO, and this is why they attempt to avoid audits and use a double bottom line for taxing.

Q1: What are the two top types of NPOs?
A1: membership and board-only
Q2: How is a membership organization run?
A2: elects the board and has regular meetings and the power to amend the bylaws
Q3: How is a board only organization run?
A3: self-selected board, and a membership whose powers are limited to those delegated to it by the board
Q4: What is a further constraint of an NPO, depending on their legal structure?
A4: financial benefit as far as distribution of profit to its members/directors is concerned
Q5: What should one be aware of when dealing with a board run NPO?
A5: Board members who decide what percentage of your donations will increase their personal wealth are rampant in abusing this designation
Frédéric_Chopin (Music)

The two mature piano sonatas (No. 2, Op. 35, written in 1839 and No. 3, Op. 58, written in 1844) are in four movements. In Op. 35, Chopin was able to combine within a formal large musical structure many elements of his virtuosic piano technique—"a kind of dialogue between the public pianism of the brilliant style and the German sonata principle". The last movement, a brief (75-bar) perpetuum mobile in which the hands play in unmodified octave unison throughout, was found shocking and unmusical by contemporaries, including Schumann. The Op. 58 sonata is closer to the German tradition, including many passages of complex counterpoint, "worthy of Brahms" according to the music historians Kornel Michałowski and Jim Samson.

Q1: How many movements are No. 2, Op. 35 and No. 3, Op 58 in?
A1: four
Q2: What two people claimed that Op 58 was "worthy of Brahms"?
A2: Kornel Michałowski and Jim Samson
Q3: How many movements are in No. 2, Op. 35 and No. 3, Op 58?
A3: four
Q4: Which movement was found lacking in musicality by Schumann?
A4: The last movement
Q5: According to music historians, which sonata is similar to German tradition and worthy of Brahms?
A5: Op. 58
Space_Race (History)

The two nations planned a joint mission to dock the last US Apollo craft with a Soyuz, known as the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP). To prepare, the US designed a docking module for the Apollo that was compatible with the Soviet docking system, which allowed any of their craft to dock with any other (e.g. Soyuz/Soyuz as well as Soyuz/Salyut). The module was also necessary as an airlock to allow the men to visit each other's craft, which had incompatible cabin atmospheres. The USSR used the Soyuz 16 mission in December 1974 to prepare for ASTP.

Q1: ASTP stands for what?
A1: Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
Q2: Which Soyuz mission in December 1974 was to be used for the ASTP?
A2: 16
Brain (Natural sciences)

The two neurotransmitters that are used most widely in the vertebrate brain are glutamate, which almost always exerts excitatory effects on target neurons, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is almost always inhibitory. Neurons using these transmitters can be found in nearly every part of the brain. Because of their ubiquity, drugs that act on glutamate or GABA tend to have broad and powerful effects. Some general anesthetics act by reducing the effects of glutamate; most tranquilizers exert their sedative effects by enhancing the effects of GABA.

Q1: GABA is the abbreviation for what?
A1: gamma-aminobutyric acid
Q2: Which of two neurotransmitters is usually inhibitory?
A2: gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Q3: The neurostransmitter that usually excites targets is called what?
A3: glutamate,
Q4: Tranquilizers affect which of the two common neurotransmitters?
A4: gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
BBC_Television (Media and drama)

The two systems were to run on a trial basis for six months; early television sets supported both resolutions. However, the Baird system, which used a mechanical camera for filmed programming and Farnsworth image dissector cameras for live programming, proved too cumbersome and visually inferior, and ended with closedown (at 22:00) on Saturday 13 February 1937. 

Q1: For how long did the BBC alternate different broadcasting systems?
A1: six months
Q2: What kind of camera was used to broadcast live shows under the Baird system?
A2: Farnsworth image dissector
Q3: When was the Baird system officially abandoned?
A3: 13 February 1937
Spectre_(2015_film) (Media and drama)

The two travel to the hotel and discover White's secret room where they find co-ordinates pointing to Oberhauser's operations base in the desert. They travel by train to the nearest station, but are once again confronted by Hinx; they engage in a fight throughout the train in which Mr Hinx is eventually thrown off the train by Bond with Swann's assistance. After arriving at the station, Bond and Swann are escorted to Oberhauser's base. There, he reveals that Spectre has been staging terrorist attacks around the world, creating a need for the Nine Eyes programme. In return Spectre will be given unlimited access to intelligence gathered by Nine Eyes. Bond is tortured as Oberhauser discusses their shared history: after the younger Bond was orphaned, Oberhauser's father, Hannes, became his temporary guardian. Believing that Bond supplanted his role as son, Oberhauser killed his father and staged his own death, subsequently adopting the name Ernst Stavro Blofeld and going on to form Spectre. Bond and Swann escape, destroying the base in the process, leaving Blofeld to apparently die during the explosion.

Q1: What method of transportation is used to get to Oberhauser's base?
A1: train
Q2: Who is the link between Oberhauser and Bond?
A2: Hannes
Q3: What did Oberhauser call himself after he faked his death?
A3: Ernst Stavro Blofeld
Q4: After staging his own death, what name did Hanz Oberhauser begin to use?
A4: Ernst Stavro Blofeld
Alfred_North_Whitehead (Philosophy and religion)

The two volume biography of Whitehead by Victor Lowe is the most definitive presentation of the life of Whitehead. However, many details of Whitehead's life remain obscure because he left no Nachlass; his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his death. Additionally, Whitehead was known for his "almost fanatical belief in the right to privacy", and for writing very few personal letters of the kind that would help to gain insight on his life. This led to Lowe himself remarking on the first page of Whitehead's biography, "No professional biographer in his right mind would touch him."

Q1: How many volumes is the biography of Whitehead?
A1: two
Q2: Who wrote the biography of Whitehead?
A2: Victor Lowe
Q3: What was Whitehead's wish upon his death for his family?
A3: all of his papers be destroyed after his death.
Q4: What did Whitehead believe in so profusely that it was difficult to write a biography on him?
A4: right to privacy
Q5: Who authored Whitehead's biography that is considered to be the most reliable description of Whitehead's life?
A5: Victor Lowe
Q6: Why was no Nachlass left behind after Whitehead's death?
A6: his family carried out his instructions that all of his papers be destroyed after his death
Q7: What was Whitehead's opinion on privacy?
A7: almost fanatical belief in the right to privacy
Q8: What did the author of Whitehead's biography comment on the first page regarding the difficulty of obtaining information about Whitehead?
A8: "No professional biographer in his right mind would touch him."
Bird_migration (Natural sciences)

The typical image of migration is of northern landbirds, such as swallows (Hirundinidae) and birds of prey, making long flights to the tropics. However, many Holarctic wildfowl and finch (Fringillidae) species winter in the North Temperate Zone, in regions with milder winters than their summer breeding grounds. For example, the pink-footed goose Anser brachyrhynchus migrates from Iceland to Britain and neighbouring countries, whilst the dark-eyed junco Junco hyemalis migrates from subarctic and arctic climates to the contiguous United States and the American goldfinch from taiga to wintering grounds extending from the American South northwestward to Western Oregon. Migratory routes and wintering grounds are traditional and learned by young during their first migration with their parents. Some ducks, such as the garganey Anas querquedula, move completely or partially into the tropics. The European pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca also follows this migratory trend, breeding in Asia and Europe and wintering in Africa.

Q1: Where do the pink-footed goose migrate?
A1: from Iceland to Britain
Q2: Where do the dark-eyed junco migrate?
A2: arctic climates to the contiguous United States
Q3: Where do the European pied flycatcher breed?
A3: Asia and Europe
Q4: Where does the European pied flycatcher spend the winter?
A4: Africa
Q5: How do young learn migratory routes?
A5: during their first migration with their parents
Dog (Natural sciences)

The typical lifespan of dogs varies widely among breeds, but for most the median longevity, the age at which half the dogs in a population have died and half are still alive, ranges from 10 to 13 years. Individual dogs may live well beyond the median of their breed.

Q1: What is the median lifespan of canines?
A1: 10 to 13 years.
Alfred_North_Whitehead (Philosophy and religion)

The ultimate substantive legacy of Principia Mathematica is mixed. It is generally accepted that Kurt Gödel's incompleteness theorem of 1931 definitively demonstrated that for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of mathematics which could not be deduced from them, and hence that Principia Mathematica could never achieve its aims. However, Gödel could not have come to this conclusion without Whitehead and Russell's book. In this way, Principia Mathematica's legacy might be described as its key role in disproving the possibility of achieving its own stated goals. But beyond this somewhat ironic legacy, the book popularized modern mathematical logic and drew important connections between logic, epistemology, and metaphysics.

Q1: When was Kurt Godel's incompleteness theorem?
A1: 1931
Q2: What did Kurt Godel's theorem demonstrate about axioms and the inference rules?
A2: some truths of mathematics which could not be deduced from them
Q3: Godel couldn't have come to his conclusion without what book?
A3: Principia Mathematica
Q4: Besides logic and epistemology, what else did Principia Mathematica connect?
A4: metaphysics
Q5: What is the general consensus of the axioms and inference rules declared in Principia Mathematica? 
A5: mixed
Q6: Who discovered the incompleteness theorem of 1931?
A6: Kurt Gödel
Q7: What did the incompleteness theorem of 1931 indicate regarding Principia Mathematica?
A7: for any set of axioms and inference rules proposed to encapsulate mathematics, there would in fact be some truths of mathematics which could not be deduced
Q8: Why was Gödels finding ironic?
A8: Gödel could not have come to this conclusion without Whitehead and Russell's book
Q9: Despite its imperfection, what are now considered valuable achievements of Principia Mathematica?
A9: the book popularized modern mathematical logic and drew important connections between logic, epistemology, and metaphysics
Hydrogen (Natural sciences)

The uncatalyzed interconversion between para and ortho H2 increases with increasing temperature; thus rapidly condensed H2 contains large quantities of the high-energy ortho form that converts to the para form very slowly. The ortho/para ratio in condensed H2 is an important consideration in the preparation and storage of liquid hydrogen: the conversion from ortho to para is exothermic and produces enough heat to evaporate some of the hydrogen liquid, leading to loss of liquefied material. Catalysts for the ortho-para interconversion, such as ferric oxide, activated carbon, platinized asbestos, rare earth metals, uranium compounds, chromic oxide, or some nickel compounds, are used during hydrogen cooling.

Q1: What are some catalysts used in hydrogen cooling
A1: ferric oxide, activated carbon, platinized asbestos, rare earth metals, uranium compounds, chromic oxide, or some nickel compounds