LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Premier_League (Sports and recreation)

The Football Association Premier League Ltd (FAPL) is operated as a corporation and is owned by the 20 member clubs. Each club is a shareholder, with one vote each on issues such as rule changes and contracts. The clubs elect a chairman, chief executive, and board of directors to oversee the daily operations of the league. The current chairman is Sir Dave Richards, who was appointed in April 1999, and the chief executive is Richard Scudamore, appointed in November 1999. The former chairman and chief executive, John Quinton and Peter Leaver, were forced to resign in March 1999 after awarding consultancy contracts to former Sky executives Sam Chisholm and David Chance. The Football Association is not directly involved in the day-to-day operations of the Premier League, but has veto power as a special shareholder during the election of the chairman and chief executive and when new rules are adopted by the league.

Q1: How many votes does each Football Association Premier League Ltd (FAPL) club have on issues?
A1: Each club is a shareholder, with one vote each on issues such as rule changes and contracts.
Q2: Who is the chairman of the FAPL and when was he appointed?
A2: The current chairman is Sir Dave Richards, who was appointed in April 199
Q3: Why did John Quinton and Peter Leaver resign as chairman and chief excutive?
A3: John Quinton and Peter Leaver, were forced to resign in March 1999 after awarding consultancy contracts to former Sky executives Sam Chisholm and David Chance.
Q4: Does the Football Association say about the management of the Premier League?
A4: has veto power as a special shareholder during the election of the chairman and chief executive and when new rules are adopted by the league.
Q5: Who owns the Football Association Premier League?
A5: member clubs
Q6: How many votes do the member clubs of the Premier League have each?
A6: one
Q7: What do the people each club elect oversee?
A7: the daily operations of the league
Q8: Who is the current chairman of the Premier League?
A8: Sir Dave Richards
Q9: Who is the current CEO of the Premier League?
A9: Richard Scudamore
FA_Cup (Sports and recreation)

The Football League was founded in 1888, 16 years after the first FA Cup competition. Since the creation of The Football League, Tottenham Hotspur is the only non-league "giant-killer" to win the Cup, taking the 1901 FA Cup with a victory over reigning league runners-up Sheffield United: although at that time, there were only two divisions and 36 clubs in the Football League, and Spurs were champions of the next lowest football tier - the Southern League and probably already good enough for the First Division (as was shown when they joined the Second Division in 1908 and immediately won promotion to the First.) Only two other actual non-League clubs have even reached the final since the founding of the League: Sheffield Wednesday in 1890 (champions of the Football Alliance, a rival league which was already effectively the Second Division, which it formally became in 1892 – Wednesday being let straight into the First Division), and Southampton in 1900 and 1902 (in which years they were also Southern League champions, proving the strength of that league: again, they were probably of equivalent standard to a First Division club at the time, but Southampton's form subsequently faded and they did not join the League till 1920 and the formation of the Third Division.)

Q1: When was the football league founded? 
A1: The Football League was founded in 1888
Q2: Who is the only non league giant killer to win a cup?
A2: Tottenham Hotspur is the only non-league "giant-killer" to win the Cup
Q3: What year did they win the cup? 
A3: 1901
Q4: Who did they delete for the cup? 
A4: Sheffield United
Q5: How many clubs where in the football league? 
A5: 36 clubs in the Football League
John_Kerry (Warfare)

The Forbes 400 survey estimated in 2004 that Teresa Heinz Kerry had a net worth of $750 million. However, estimates have frequently varied, ranging from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion, according to a study in the Los Angeles Times. Regardless of which figure is correct, Kerry was the wealthiest U.S. Senator while serving in the Senate. Independent of Heinz, Kerry is wealthy in his own right, and is the beneficiary of at least four trusts inherited from Forbes family relatives, including his mother, Rosemary Forbes Kerry, who died in 2002. Forbes magazine (named for the Forbes family of publishers, unrelated to Kerry) estimated that if elected, and if Heinz family assets were included, Kerry would have been the third-richest U.S. President in history, when adjusted for inflation. This assessment was based on Heinz and Kerry's combined assets, but the couple signed a prenuptial agreement that keeps their assets separate. Kerry's financial disclosure form for 2011 put his personal assets in the range of $230,000,000 to $320,000,000, including the assets of his spouse and any dependent children. This included slightly more than three million dollars worth of H. J. Heinz Company assets, which increased in value by over six hundred thousand dollars in 2013 when Berkshire Hathaway announced their intention to purchase the company.

Q1: What was Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth in 2004 according to Forbes?
A1: $750 million
Q2: What range of estimates have been given for Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth?
A2: from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion
Q3: What was Kerry's mother's name?
A3: Rosemary Forbes Kerry
Q4: When did Kerry's mother pass away?
A4: 2002
Q5: Where would Kerry have ranked among richest US presidents, adjusted for inflation?
A5: third-richest
Near_East (Geography and places)

The Foreign and Commonwealth Office of United Kingdom recognises a Middle East and North Africa region, but not a Near East. Their original Middle East consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea, ceded India to the Asia and Oceania region, and went into partnership with North Africa as far as the Atlantic.

Q1: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office of United Kingdom recognizes what?
A1: a Middle East and North Africa region
Q2: What region does the Foreign and Commonwealth office of United Kingdom not recognize?
A2: Near East
Q3: What consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea?
A3: Their original Middle East
Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States (Philosophy and religion)

The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (Amendment XIV) is one of the post-Civil War amendments, intended to secure rights for former slaves. It includes the due process and equal protection clauses among others. The amendment introduces the concept of incorporation of all relevant federal rights against the states. While it has not been fully implemented, the doctrine of incorporation has been used to ensure, through the Due Process Clause and Privileges and Immunities Clause, the application of most of the rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights to the states.

Q1: When was the 14th Amendment to the US Constitution created?
A1: post-Civil War
Q2: What was the intent of the 14th Amendment?
A2: secure rights for former slaves
Q3: What clauses does the 14th Amendment include?
A3: due process and equal protection clauses
Q4: What does the 14th Amendment also introduce the concept of?
A4: incorporation of all relevant federal rights against the states
Q5: What has the doctrine of incorporation been used to ensure?
A5: application of most of the rights enumerated in the Bill of Rights to the states
Franco-Prussian_War (History)

The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War (German: Deutsch-Französischer Krieg, lit. German-French War, French: Guerre franco-allemande, lit. Franco-German War), often referred to in France as the War of 1870 (19 July 1870 – 10 May 1871), was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the German states of the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. The conflict was caused by Prussian ambitions to extend German unification. Some historians argue that the Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck planned to provoke a French attack in order to draw the southern German states—Baden, Württemberg, Bavaria and Hesse-Darmstadt—into an alliance with the North German Confederation dominated by Prussia, while others contend that Bismarck did not plan anything and merely exploited the circumstances as they unfolded.

Q1: What is the Franco-Prussian War also known as?
A1: Franco-German War
Q2: What was the war often referred to in France as?
A2: the War of 1870
Q3: In the conflict, who lead the German states of the North German Confederation?
A3: the Kingdom of Prussia
Q4: Whose ambitions are credited with causing the conflict?
A4: Prussian ambitions
Q5: Which Prussian chancellor's motives in the conflict are still disputed?
A5: Otto von Bismarck
Modern_history (Philosophy and religion)

The Franco-Prussian War was a conflict between France and Prussia, while Prussia was backed up by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and Bavaria. The complete Prussian and German victory brought about the final unification of Germany under King Wilhelm I of Prussia. It also marked the downfall of Napoleon III and the end of the Second French Empire, which was replaced by the Third Republic. As part of the settlement, almost all of the territory of Alsace-Lorraine was taken by Prussia to become a part of Germany, which it would retain until the end of World War I.

Q1: What countries were involved in the Franco-Russian war?
A1: France and Prussia
Q2: Name one of the groups who backed Prussia in the Franco-Russian war?
A2: North German Confederation
Q3: What did the Prussian and German victory mark?
A3: final unification of Germany under King Wilhelm I of Prussia.
Q4: Prussia claimed almost all of what territory?
A4: Alsace-Lorraine
Q5: Prussia retained most of Alsace-Lorraine up until what event?
A5: World War I.
Middle_Ages (History)

The Frankish kingdom in northern Gaul split into kingdoms called Austrasia, Neustria, and Burgundy during the 6th and 7th centuries, all of them ruled by the Merovingian dynasty, who were descended from Clovis. The 7th century was a tumultuous period of wars between Austrasia and Neustria. Such warfare was exploited by Pippin (d. 640), the Mayor of the Palace for Austrasia who became the power behind the Austrasian throne. Later members of his family inherited the office, acting as advisers and regents. One of his descendants, Charles Martel (d. 741), won the Battle of Poitiers in 732, halting the advance of Muslim armies across the Pyrenees.[K] Great Britain was divided into small states dominated by the kingdoms of Northumbria, Mercia, Wessex, and East Anglia, which were descended from the Anglo-Saxon invaders. Smaller kingdoms in present-day Wales and Scotland were still under the control of the native Britons and Picts. Ireland was divided into even smaller political units, usually known as tribal kingdoms, under the control of kings. There were perhaps as many as 150 local kings in Ireland, of varying importance.

Q1: Along with Austrasia and Neustria, what kingdom was originally part of the Frankish kingdom?
A1: Burgundy
Q2: What dynasty ruled Neustria?
A2: Merovingian
Q3: From whom did the rulers of the Merovingian dynasty trace their ancestry?
A3: Clovis
Q4: What was the title of Pippin?
A4: Mayor of the Palace
Q5: What leader was victorious at the Battle of Poitiers?
A5: Charles Martel
Gamal_Abdel_Nasser (History)

The Free Officers' intention was not to install themselves in government, but to re-establish a parliamentary democracy. Nasser did not believe that a low-ranking officer like himself (a lieutenant colonel) would be accepted by the Egyptian people, and so selected General Naguib to be his "boss" and lead the coup in name. The revolution they had long sought was launched on 22 July and was declared a success the next day. The Free Officers seized control of all government buildings, radio stations, and police stations, as well as army headquarters in Cairo. While many of the rebel officers were leading their units, Nasser donned civilian clothing to avoid detection by royalists and moved around Cairo monitoring the situation. In a move to stave off foreign intervention two days before the revolution, Nasser had notified the American and British governments of his intentions, and both had agreed not to aid Farouk. Under pressure from the Americans, Nasser had agreed to exile the deposed king with an honorary ceremony.

Q1: What type of government did the Free Officer's want to establish?
A1: parliamentary democracy
Q2: Who did Nasser choose to lead his coup?
A2: General Naguib
Q3: What was teh fate of King Farouk after the coup?
A3: exile
Q4: What did Nasser wear during the coup?
A4: civilian clothing
Q5: What day did the revolution begin?
A5: 22 July
High-definition_television (Engineering and technology)

The Freeview HD service currently contains 10 HD channels (as of December 2013[update]) and was rolled out region by region across the UK in accordance with the digital switchover process, finally being completed in October 2012. However, Freeview HD is not the first HDTV service over digital terrestrial television in Europe;

Q1: How many HD channels did the Freeview HD service contain as of December 2013?
A1: 10
Q2: When was the digital switchover process completed in the UK?
A2: October 2012
Q3: Which service contains 10 HD channels and finished its roll out in October 2012?
A3: Freeview HD
Q4: How was the Freeview HD service rolled out in the UK?
A4: region by region
Franco-Prussian_War (History)

The French Army consisted in peacetime of approximately 400,000 soldiers, some of them regulars, others conscripts who until 1869 served the comparatively long period of seven years with the colours. Some of them were veterans of previous French campaigns in the Crimean War, Algeria, the Franco-Austrian War in Italy, and in the Franco-Mexican War. However, following the "Seven Weeks War" between Prussia and Austria four years earlier, it had been calculated that the French Army could field only 288,000 men to face the Prussian Army when perhaps 1,000,000 would be required. Under Marshal Adolphe Niel, urgent reforms were made. Universal conscription (rather than by ballot, as previously) and a shorter period of service gave increased numbers of reservists, who would swell the army to a planned strength of 800,000 on mobilisation. Those who for any reason were not conscripted were to be enrolled in the Garde Mobile, a militia with a nominal strength of 400,000. However, the Franco-Prussian War broke out before these reforms could be completely implemented. The mobilisation of reservists was chaotic and resulted in large numbers of stragglers, while the Garde Mobile were generally untrained and often mutinous.

Q1: In peacetime, what the approximate number of French soldiers?
A1: 400,000
Q2: Veterans of the French Army had prviously fought in which war in Italy?
A2: the Franco-Austrian War
Q3: The "Seven Weeks War" was between which two countries?
A3: Prussia and Austria
Q4: Who reformed the low numbers of troops by implementing universal conscription?
A4: Marshal Adolphe Niel
Q5: If a citizen was for some reason not conscripted, in what militia were they were registered?
A5: the Garde Mobile
Franco-Prussian_War (History)

The French Marines and naval infantry intended for the invasion of northern Germany were dispatched to reinforce the French Army of Châlons and fell into captivity at Sedan along with Napoleon III. A shortage of officers, following the capture of most of the professional French army at the Siege of Metz and at the Battle of Sedan, led naval officers to be sent from their ships to command hastily assembled reservists of the Garde Mobile. As the autumn storms of the North Sea forced the return of more of the French ships, the blockade of the north German ports diminished and in September 1870 the French navy abandoned the blockade for the winter. The rest of the navy retired to ports along the English Channel and remained in port for the rest of the war.

Q1: The French Marines and naval infantry were dispatched to reinforce what?
A1: French Army of Châlons
Q2: The French navy fell captive where?
A2: at Sedan
Q3: Who also was captured at Sedan?
A3: Napoleon III
Q4: The autumn storms of what sea forced the return of yet more French ships?
A4: the North Sea
Q5: On which rough date did the French navy abandon their blockade?
A5: September 1870
Franco-Prussian_War (History)

The French breech-loading rifle, the Chassepot, had a far longer range than the German needle gun; 1,500 yards (1,400 m) compared to 600 yd (550 m). The French also had an early machine-gun type weapon, the mitrailleuse, which could fire its thirty-seven barrels at a range of around 1,200 yd (1,100 m). It was developed in such secrecy, that little training with the weapon had occurred, leaving French gunners with no experience; the gun was treated like artillery and in this role it was ineffective. Worse still, once the small number of soldiers who had been trained how to use the new weapon became casualties, there were no replacements who knew how to operate the mitrailleuse.

Q1: What aspect of the Chassepot was superior to the German needle gun?
A1: longer range
Q2: What French weapon was considered a rough prototype of the first machine gun? 
A2: the mitrailleuse
Q3: How many barrels did the mitrailleuse feature?
A3: thirty-seven barrels
Q4: What was the range of the mitrailleuse?
A4: 1,200 yd (1,100 m)
Q5: Treating the mitrailleuse like what rendered it far less effective
A5: artillery
Materialism (Philosophy and religion)

The French cleric Pierre Gassendi (1592-1665) represented the materialist tradition in opposition to the attempts of René Descartes (1596-1650) to provide the natural sciences with dualist foundations. There followed the materialist and atheist abbé Jean Meslier (1664-1729), Julien Offray de La Mettrie, the German-French Paul-Henri Thiry Baron d'Holbach (1723-1789), the Encyclopedist Denis Diderot (1713-1784), and other French Enlightenment thinkers; as well as (in England) John "Walking" Stewart (1747-1822), whose insistence in seeing matter as endowed with a moral dimension had a major impact on the philosophical poetry of William Wordsworth (1770-1850).

Q1: Pierre Gassendi lived from what year to what year?
A1: 1592-1665
Q2: René Descartes lived from what year to what year?
A2: 1596-1650
Q3: abbé Jean Meslier lived from what year to what year?
A3: 1664-1729
Q4: Denis Diderot lived from what year to what year?
A4: 1713-1784
Q5: William Wordsworth lived from what year to what year?
A5: 1770-1850
Late_Middle_Ages (History)

The French crown's increasing dominance over the Papacy culminated in the transference of the Holy See to Avignon in 1309. When the Pope returned to Rome in 1377, this led to the election of different popes in Avignon and Rome, resulting in the Papal Schism (1378–1417). The Schism divided Europe along political lines; while France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms supported the Avignon Papacy, France's enemy England stood behind the Pope in Rome, together with Portugal, Scandinavia and most of the German princes.

Q1: What was the result of the election of two popes at the same time?
A1: Papal Schism
Q2: Where was the Holy See transferred to in 1309?
A2: Avignon
Q3: In what year did the Pope return to Rome from Avignon?
A3: 1377
Q4: What was the time frame of the Papal Schism?
A4: 1378–1417
Q5: Who were the supporters of the Avignon Papacy?
A5: France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms
Chihuahua_(state) (History)

The French forces tried to subdue and capture the liberal government based in Saltillo. On September 21, 1864, José María Patoni and Jesús González Ortega lost against the French forces at the Battle of Estanzuelas; the supreme government led by President Juárez was forced to evacuate the city of Saltillo and relocate to Chihuahua. Juárez stopped in Ciudad Jiménez, Valle de Allende, and Hidalgo de Parral, in turn. He decreed Parral the capital of Mexico from October 2–5, 1864. Perceiving the threat from the advancing French forces, the president continued his evacuation through Santa Rosalía de Camargo, Santa Cruz de Rosales, and finally Chihuahua, Chihuahua. On October 12, 1864, the people of the state gave President Juárez an overwhelmingly supportive reception, led by Governor Ángel Trías. On October 15, 1864 the city of Chihuahua was declared the temporary capital of Mexico.

Q1: French forces tried to capture the liberal government based where?
A1: Saltillo
Q2: Which two generals lost against the French on September 21, 1864?
A2: José María Patoni and Jesús González
Q3: The goverment led by whom was forced to evacuate Saltillo?
A3: President Juárez
Q4: Which was the last city through which Juarez evacuated?
A4: Chihuahua, Chihuahua
Q5: Which governor led the supportive reception of President Juarez?
A5: Ángel Trías
Seven_Years%27_War (History)

The French planned to invade the British Isles during 1759 by accumulating troops near the mouth of the Loire and concentrating their Brest and Toulon fleets. However, two sea defeats prevented this. In August, the Mediterranean fleet under Jean-François de La Clue-Sabran was scattered by a larger British fleet under Edward Boscawen at the Battle of Lagos. In the Battle of Quiberon Bay on 20 November, the British admiral Edward Hawke with 23 ships of the line caught the French Brest fleet with 21 ships of the line under Marshal de Conflans and sank, captured, or forced many of them aground, putting an end to the French plans.

Q1: Where was the planned invasion of Britain by France?
A1: near the mouth of the Loire
Q2: How did the French plan to transport their troops to Britain for the invasion?
A2: their Brest and Toulon fleets
Q3: What happened to the French Mediterranean fleet?
A3: the Mediterranean fleet under Jean-François de La Clue-Sabran was scattered by a larger British fleet
Q4: What happened to the French Brest fleet?
A4: caught the French Brest fleet with 21 ships of the line under Marshal de Conflans and sank, captured, or forced many of them aground
Q5: With the loss of the two fleets, how did the French get their troops to Britain for the invasion?
A5: putting an end to the French plans.
Franco-Prussian_War (History)

The French were equipped with bronze, rifled muzzle-loading artillery, while the Prussians used new steel breech-loading guns, which had a far longer range and a faster rate of fire. Prussian gunners strove for a high rate of fire, which was discouraged in the French army in the belief that it wasted ammunition. In addition, the Prussian artillery batteries had 30% more guns than their French counterparts. The Prussian guns typically opened fire at a range of 2–3 kilometres (1.2–1.9 mi), beyond the range of French artillery or the Chassepot rifle. The Prussian batteries could thus destroy French artillery with impunity, before being moved forward to directly support infantry attacks.

Q1: What type of artillery were the French equipped with?
A1: bronze, rifled muzzle-loading
Q2: What newer artillery were Prussians using?
A2: steel breech-loading guns
Q3: What did the French believe was overly wasted in artillery with a higher rate of fire?
A3: ammunition
Q4: The Prussian artillery batteries had what percentage more of guns than the French?
A4: 30% more
Q5: What was the typical range that Prussian guns could fire?
A5: 2–3 kilometres