LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Zhejiang (Geography and places)

In mid-2015 the government of Zhejiang recognised folk religion as "civil religion" beginning the registration of more than twenty thousand folk religious associations. Buddhism has an important presence since its arrival in Zhejiang 1,800 years ago.

Q1: What year did the government of Zhejiang recognise folk religion as 'civil religion'?
A1: 2015
Q2: When did Buddhism arrive in Zhejiang?
A2: 1,800 years ago
Q3: What has an important presence in Zhejiang since its arrival 1,800 years ago?
A3: Buddhism
Q4: What part of 2015 did the government of Zhejiang recognise folk religion as 'civil religion'?
A4: mid
Q5: More than how many thousand folk religious organisations were registered in Zhejiang in 2015?
A5: twenty
IPod (Engineering and technology)

In mid-2015, a new model of the iPod Touch was announced by Apple, and was officially released on the Apple store on July 15, 2015. The sixth generation iPod Touch includes a wide variety of spec improvements such as the upgraded A8 processor and higher-quality screen. The core is over 5 times faster than previous models and is built to be roughly on par with the iPhone 5S. It is available in 5 different colors: Space grey, pink, gold, silver and Product (red).

Q1: What processor model is used in the iPod Touch?
A1: A8
Q2: Which generation of iPod Touch was made availalbe in July of 2015?
A2: sixth
Q3: What's the most recent generation of iPod Touch?
A3: sixth
Q4: In what year was the most recent iPod Touch released?
A4: 2015
Q5: What type of processor does the current iPod Touch use?
A5: A8
Q6: In how many colors is the current iPod Touch available?
A6: 5
IPod (Engineering and technology)

In mid-2015, several new color schemes for all of the current iPod models were spotted in the latest version of iTunes, 12.2. Belgian website Belgium iPhone originally found the images when plugging in an iPod for the first time, and subsequent leaked photos were found by Pierre Dandumont.

Q1: When were images of new iPod colors leaked?
A1: mid-2015
Q2: Who leaked the photos of new iPod colors?
A2: Pierre Dandumont
Q3: What version of iTunes contained the leaked photos of new iPod colors?
A3: 12.2
Q4: What was the latest version of iTunes as of mid-2015?
A4: 12.2
Q5: Who first leaked the photos of the new iPod color scheme?
A5: Pierre Dandumont
Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact (History)

In mid-June 1940, when international attention was focused on the German invasion of France, Soviet NKVD troops raided border posts in Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia. State administrations were liquidated and replaced by Soviet cadres, in which 34,250 Latvians, 75,000 Lithuanians and almost 60,000 Estonians were deported or killed. Elections were held with single pro-Soviet candidates listed for many positions, with resulting peoples assemblies immediately requesting admission into the USSR, which was granted by the Soviet Union. The USSR annexed the whole of Lithuania, including the Scheschupe area, which was to be given to Germany.

Q1: Who invaded the countries of Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia? 
A1: Soviet NKVD
Q2: What region of Lithuania was to be turned over to the Nazis?
A2: Scheschupe area
Q3: Of the three countries invaded, which lost the least amount of people through deportation or loss of life?
A3: Latvia
Q4: How did these countries become part of the USSR?
A4: Elections were held with single pro-Soviet candidates
Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union (History)

In mid-November The Shevchenko Ukrainian Language Society was officially registered. On November 19, 1989, a public gathering in Kiev attracted thousands of mourners, friends and family to the reburial in Ukraine of three inmates of the infamous Gulag Camp No. 36 in Perm in the Ural Mountains: human-rights activists Vasyl Stus, Oleksiy Tykhy, and Yuriy Lytvyn. Their remains were reinterred in Baikove Cemetery. On November 26, 1989, a day of prayer and fasting was proclaimed by Cardinal Myroslav Lubachivsky, thousands of faithful in western Ukraine participated in religious services on the eve of a meeting between Pope John Paul II and Soviet President Gorbachev. On November 28, 1989, the Ukrainian SSR's Council for Religious Affairs issued a decree allowing Ukrainian Catholic congregations to register as legal organizations. The decree was proclaimed on December 1, coinciding with a meeting at the Vatican between the pope and the Soviet president.

Q1: When was The Shevchenko Ukrainian Language Society made official?
A1: mid-November
Q2: The three human rights activists reburied November 19th were prisoners where?
A2: Gulag Camp No. 36
Q3: Where was Gulag Camp No. 36 located?
A3: Perm in the Ural Mountains
Q4: Where were the activists reburied?
A4: Baikove Cemetery.
Q5: Who met with Gorbachev on November 22?
A5: Pope John Paul II
Middle_Ages (History)

In military affairs, the use of infantry with specialised roles increased. Along with the still-dominant heavy cavalry, armies often included mounted and infantry crossbowmen, as well as sappers and engineers. Crossbows, which had been known in Late Antiquity, increased in use partly because of the increase in siege warfare in the 10th and 11th centuries.[AB] The increasing use of crossbows during the 12th and 13th centuries led to the use of closed-face helmets, heavy body armour, as well as horse armour. Gunpowder was known in Europe by the mid-13th century with a recorded use in European warfare by the English against the Scots in 1304, although it was merely used as an explosive and not as a weapon. Cannon were being used for sieges in the 1320s, and hand-held guns were in use by the 1360s.

Q1: In what century did Europeans become aware of gunpowder?
A1: 13th
Q2: Who was recorded as using gunpowder in 1304?
A2: the English
Q3: Against whom was gunpowder used in 1304?
A3: the Scots
Q4: In what decade were siege cannon known to have been used?
A4: 1320s
Q5: What led to the increased use of armor in the 12th century?
A5: The increasing use of crossbows
Avicenna (Language and literature)

In modern Iran, he is considered a national icon, and is often regarded as one of the greatest Persians to have ever lived. A monument was erected outside the Bukhara museum[year needed]. The Avicenna Mausoleum and Museum in Hamadan was built in 1952. Bu-Ali Sina University in Hamadan (Iran), Avicenna Research Institute in Tehran (Iran), the ibn Sīnā Tajik State Medical University in Dushanbe, Ibn Sina Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences at Aligarh, India, Avicenna School in Karachi and Avicenna Medical College in Lahore, Pakistan Ibne Sina Balkh Medical School in his native province of Balkh in Afghanistan, Ibni Sina Faculty Of Medicine of Ankara University Ankara, Turkey and Ibn Sina Integrated School in Marawi City (Philippines) are all named in his honour. His portrait hangs in the Hall of the Avicenna Faculty of Medicine in the University of Paris. There is also a crater on the Moon named Avicenna and a plant genus Avicennia.

Q1: In what modern country is Avicenna considered an icon?
A1: Iran
Q2: Where is a monument located that honors Avicenna?
A2: the Bukhara museum
Q3: Where is the Avicenna Mausoleum and Museum located?
A3: Hamadan
Q4: In what European school does Avicenna's portrait hang in their hall of medicine?
A4: the University of Paris
Q5: What plant genus is named after Avicenna?
A5: Avicennia
Red (Natural sciences)

In modern color theory, also known as the RGB color model, red, green and blue are additive primary colors. Red, green and blue light combined together makes white light, and these three colors, combined in different mixtures, can produce nearly any other color. This is the principle that is used to make all of the colors on your computer screen and your television. For example, purple on a computer screen is made by a similar formula to used by Cennino Cennini in the Renaissance to make violet, but using additive colors and light instead of pigment: it is created by combining red and blue light at equal intensity on a black screen. Violet is made on a computer screen in a similar way, but with a greater amount of blue light and less red light.

Q1: Which colors are part of the RGB model?
A1: red, green and blue
Q2: What color light is created when one mixes red, green, and blue?
A2: white
Q3: The RGB color model has three colors in it that are described as what kind of colors?
A3: additive primary colors
Q4: Which era did Cennino Cennini actively paint in?
A4: the Renaissance
Q5: What colors are used to create purple on a computer screen?
A5: red and blue
Alps (Geography and places)

In modern languages the term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks. An alp refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months and where hay barns can be found, and the term "the Alps", referring to the mountains, is a misnomer. The term for the mountain peaks varies by nation and language: words such as horn, kogel, gipfel, spitz, and berg are used in German speaking regions: mont, pic, dent and aiguille in French speaking regions; and monte, picco or cima in Italian speaking regions.

Q1: The term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to what in modern languages? 
A1: a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks
Q2: What refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months?
A2: An alp
Q3: Words such as horn, kogel, gipfel, spitz, and berd are used in what regions?
A3: German speaking regions
Q4: Mont, pic, dent and aiguille are words used in what regions?
A4: French speaking regions
Genome (Natural sciences)

In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the genetic material of an organism. It consists of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA/RNA.

Q1: In what fields of science is the genome studied?
A1: molecular biology and genetics
Q2: What is the content of the human genome?
A2: DNA
Q3: What constitutes the viral genome?
A3: RNA
Cyprus (Geography and places)

In modern times Cypriot art history begins with the painter Vassilis Vryonides (1883–1958) who studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Venice. Arguably the two founding fathers of modern Cypriot art were Adamantios Diamantis (1900–1994) who studied at London's Royal College of Art and Christopheros Savva (1924–1968) who also studied in London, at Saint Martin's School of Art. In many ways these two artists set the template for subsequent Cypriot art and both their artistic styles and the patterns of their education remain influential to this day. In particular the majority of Cypriot artists still train in England while others train at art schools in Greece and local art institutions such as the Cyprus College of Art, University of Nicosia and the Frederick Institute of Technology.

Q1: Who was the first important Cyprus painter of modern times?
A1: Vassilis Vryonides
Q2: Where did Vassilis Vryonides study?
A2: Academy of Fine Arts in Venice
Q3: Name one of the individuals considered the founding fathers of modern Cypriot art.
A3: Adamantios Diamantis
Q4: Name the other individual considered the founding fathers of modern Cypriot art.
A4: Christopheros Savva
Q5: Where do many Cypriot artists train?
A5: England
Federalism (History)

In modern times, a process of devolution in the United Kingdom has decentralised power once again. Since the 1997 referendums in Scotland and Wales and the Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland, three of the four constituent countries of the UK now have some level of autonomy. Government has been devolved to the Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales and the Northern Ireland Assembly. England does not have its own parliament and English affairs continue to be decided by the Westminster Parliament. In 1998 a set of eight unelected Regional assemblies, or chambers, was created to support the English Regional Development Agencies, but these were abolished between 2008 and 2010. The Regions of England continue to be used in certain governmental administrative functions.

Q1: What has the process of devolution in the UK did?
A1: decentralised power once again
Q2: What happened since 1997?
A2: referendums in Scotland and Wales and the Good Friday Agreement in Northern Ireland
Q3: Does England have its own Parliament?
A3: England does not have its own parliament and English affairs continue to be decided by the Westminster Parliament
Q4: What does the region of England continue to use?
A4: certain governmental administrative functions
Southeast_Asia (Geography and places)

In modern times, the Javanese are the largest ethnic group in Southeast Asia, with more than 100 million people, mostly concentrated in Java, Indonesia. In Burma, the Burmese account for more than two-thirds of the ethnic stock in this country, while ethnic Thais and Vietnamese account for about four-fifths of the respective populations of those countries. Indonesia is clearly dominated by the Javanese and Sundanese ethnic groups, while Malaysia is split between half Malays and one-quarter Chinese. Within the Philippines, the Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, and Hiligaynon groups are significant.

Q1: name the largest ethnic group in Southeast Asia.
A1: the Javanese
Q2: Which ethnic groups dominate in Indonesia?
A2: Javanese and Sundanese
Q3: The Tagalog, Cebuano,Ilocano & Hiligaynon groups are significant within which country in Southeast Asia?
A3: Philippines
Q4: The ethnic groups Malays & Chinese are predominant in which country?
A4: Malaysia
Cardinal_(Catholicism) (History)

In modern times, the name "cardinal priest" is interpreted as meaning a cardinal who is of the order of priests. Originally, however, this referred to certain key priests of important churches of the Diocese of Rome, who were recognized as the cardinal priests, the important priests chosen by the pope to advise him in his duties as Bishop of Rome (the Latin cardo means "hinge"). Certain clerics in many dioceses at the time, not just that of Rome, were said to be the key personnel — the term gradually became exclusive to Rome to indicate those entrusted with electing the bishop of Rome, the pope.

Q1: What was the original definition of a cardinal priest?
A1: priests chosen by the pope
Middle_Ages (History)

In modern-day Germany, the Holy Roman Empire continued to rule, but the elective nature of the imperial crown meant there was no enduring dynasty around which a strong state could form. Further east, the kingdoms of Poland, Hungary, and Bohemia grew powerful. In Iberia, the Christian kingdoms continued to gain land from the Muslim kingdoms of the peninsula; Portugal concentrated on expanding overseas during the 15th century, while the other kingdoms were riven by difficulties over royal succession and other concerns. After losing the Hundred Years' War, England went on to suffer a long civil war known as the Wars of the Roses, which lasted into the 1490s and only ended when Henry Tudor (r. 1485–1509 as Henry VII) became king and consolidated power with his victory over Richard III (r. 1483–85) at Bosworth in 1485. In Scandinavia, Margaret I of Denmark (r. in Denmark 1387–1412) consolidated Norway, Denmark, and Sweden in the Union of Kalmar, which continued until 1523. The major power around the Baltic Sea was the Hanseatic League, a commercial confederation of city states that traded from Western Europe to Russia. Scotland emerged from English domination under Robert the Bruce (r. 1306–29), who secured papal recognition of his kingship in 1328.

Q1: Along with Poland and Hungary, what Eastern European state grew in power?
A1: Bohemia
Q2: During what century did Portugal devote itself to overseas expansion?
A2: 15th
Q3: What nation lost the Hundred Years' War?
A3: England
Q4: What was the regnal name of Henry Tudor?
A4: Henry VII
Q5: Along with Denmark and Sweden, what country was part of the Union of Kalmar?
A5: Norway
Group_(mathematics) (Mathematics)

In modular arithmetic, two integers are added and then the sum is divided by a positive integer called the modulus. The result of modular addition is the remainder of that division. For any modulus, n, the set of integers from 0 to n − 1 forms a group under modular addition: the inverse of any element a is n − a, and 0 is the identity element. This is familiar from the addition of hours on the face of a clock: if the hour hand is on 9 and is advanced 4 hours, it ends up on 1, as shown at the right. This is expressed by saying that 9 + 4 equals 1 "modulo 12" or, in symbols,

Q1: What positive integer is used to divide the sum of two positive integers in modular mathematics?
A1: the modulus
Q2: What results from modular addition?
A2: the remainder of that division
Q3: What type of device can be use to demonstrate modular addition?
A3: a clock
God (Philosophy and religion)

In monotheism and henotheism, God is conceived of as the Supreme Being and principal object of faith. The concept of God as described by theologians commonly includes the attributes of omniscience (infinite knowledge), omnipotence (unlimited power), omnipresence (present everywhere), omnibenevolence (perfect goodness), divine simplicity, and eternal and necessary existence. God is also usually defined as a non-corporeal being without any human biological gender, but the concept of God actively (as opposed to receptively) creating the universe has caused some religions to give "Him" the metaphorical name of "Father". Because God is conceived as not being a corporeal being, God cannot(some say should not) be portrayed in a literal visual image; some religious groups use a man (sometimes old and bearded) to symbolize God because of His deed of creating man's mind in the image of His own.

Q1: What does it mean to say that God is omnipotent?
A1: unlimited power
Q2: What is the feeling of God being everywhere?
A2: omnipresence
Q3: What is the extent of God's knowledge?
A3: infinite knowledge
Q4: What is infinite knowledge classified as?
A4: omniscience
Q5: What is the benevolence of God called?
A5: omnibenevolence
Q6: Does God have a gender?
A6: without any human biological gender
Q7: What type of human is God portrayed as in some religions?
A7: a man (sometimes old and bearded)
Q8: What is a God in monotheism?
A8: Supreme Being and principal object of faith
Hydrogen (Natural sciences)

In more recent applications, hydrogen is used pure or mixed with nitrogen (sometimes called forming gas) as a tracer gas for minute leak detection. Applications can be found in the automotive, chemical, power generation, aerospace, and telecommunications industries. Hydrogen is an authorized food additive (E 949) that allows food package leak testing among other anti-oxidizing properties.

Q1: Why would one use hydrogen mixed with nitrogen?
A1: as a tracer gas for minute leak detection
Q2: What industries can you find these applications?
A2: automotive, chemical, power generation, aerospace, and telecommunications
Q3: How is hydrogen used as a food additive?
A3: allows food package leak testing
Pub (History)

In more recent years, however, many country pubs have either closed down, or have been converted to establishments intent on providing seating facilities for the consumption of food, rather than a venue for members of the local community meeting and convivially drinking.

Q1: What is a frequent modern function of country pubs?
A1: providing seating facilities for the consumption of food
Q2: Along with community meetings, what was the traditional purpose of country pubs?
A2: drinking
Computer (Engineering and technology)

In more sophisticated computers there may be one or more RAM cache memories, which are slower than registers but faster than main memory. Generally computers with this sort of cache are designed to move frequently needed data into the cache automatically, often without the need for any intervention on the programmer's part.

Q1: RAM cache memory is slower than what?
A1: registers
Elevator (History)

In most US and Canadian jurisdictions, passenger elevators are required to conform to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers' Standard A17.1, Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators. As of 2006, all states except Kansas, Mississippi, North Dakota, and South Dakota have adopted some version of ASME codes, though not necessarily the most recent. In Canada the document is the CAN/CSA B44 Safety Standard, which was harmonized with the US version in the 2000 edition.[citation needed] In addition, passenger elevators may be required to conform to the requirements of A17.3 for existing elevators where referenced by the local jurisdiction. Passenger elevators are tested using the ASME A17.2 Standard. The frequency of these tests is mandated by the local jurisdiction, which may be a town, city, state or provincial standard.

Q1: In what neighboring countries are passenger elevators required to adhere to Standard A17.1?
A1: most US and Canadian jurisdictions
Q2:  What is Standard A17.1?
A2: Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators
Q3: What is the equivilent to the US Standard A17.1 called in Canada?
A3: CAN/CSA B44 Safety Standard
Q4: What are passenger elevators tested with?
A4: ASME A17.2 Standard
Bacteria (Natural sciences)

In most bacteria, a cell wall is present on the outside of the cell membrane. The cell membrane and cell wall comprise the cell envelope. A common bacterial cell wall material is peptidoglycan (called "murein" in older sources), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by peptides containing D-amino acids. Bacterial cell walls are different from the cell walls of plants and fungi, which are made of cellulose and chitin, respectively. The cell wall of bacteria is also distinct from that of Archaea, which do not contain peptidoglycan. The cell wall is essential to the survival of many bacteria, and the antibiotic penicillin is able to kill bacteria by inhibiting a step in the synthesis of peptidoglycan.

Q1: What composes the cell envelope?
A1: cell membrane and cell wall
Q2: What is most common cell wall material?
A2: peptidoglycan
Q3: Are cell walls of bacteria similar to cell walls of plants and fungi?
A3: Bacterial cell walls are different
Q4: What are the main materials of cell walls of plants and fungi?
A4: cellulose and chitin
Q5: How can antibiotic penicillin destroy bacteria?
A5: by inhibiting a step in the synthesis of peptidoglycan
Canadian_football (Sports and recreation)

In most cases, the non-penalized team will have the option of declining the penalty; in which case the results of the previous play stand as if the penalty had not been called. One notable exception to this rule is if the kicking team on a 3rd down punt play is penalized before the kick occurs: the receiving team may not decline the penalty and take over on downs. After the kick is made, change of possession occurs and subsequent penalties are assessed against either the spot where the ball is caught, or the runback.

Q1: Who can decline a penalty?
A1: the non-penalized team
Q2: A team receiving a punt cannot decline a penalty on which down?
A2: 3rd down
Q3: The outcome of which play determines the placement of the ball when a penalty is declined?
A3: the previous play
Q4: What can a team do when they prefer the original outcome of a play to the situation they would have with a penalty assessed on the other team for that play?
A4: decline the penalty