LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Liberia (History)

Liberia has the highest ratio of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world, with US$16 billion in investment since 2006. Following the inauguration of the Sirleaf administration in 2006, Liberia signed several multibillion-dollar concession agreements in the iron ore and palm oil industries with numerous multinational corporations, including BHP Billiton, ArcelorMittal, and Sime Darby. Especially palm oil companies like Sime Darby (Malaysia) and Golden Veroleum (USA) are being accused by critics of the destruction of livelihoods and the displacement of local communities, enabled through government concessions. The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company has operated the world's largest rubber plantation in Liberia since 1926.

Q1: Liberia has the highest ratio of what?
A1: of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world
Q2: How much money has the US invested in Liberia since 2006?
A2: 16 billion
Q3: What agreement did Liberia sign n 2006?
A3: several multibillion-dollar concession agreements
Q4: How long has Firestone tire and rubber company ran a rubber plantation in Liberia? 
A4: since 1926
Liberia (History)

Liberia is divided into fifteen counties, which, in turn, are subdivided into a total of 90 districts and further subdivided into clans. The oldest counties are Grand Bassa and Montserrado, both founded in 1839 prior to Liberian independence. Gbarpolu is the newest county, created in 2001. Nimba is the largest of the counties in size at 11,551 km2 (4,460 sq mi), while Montserrado is the smallest at 1,909 km2 (737 sq mi). Montserrado is also the most populous county with 1,144,806 residents as of the 2008 census.

Q1: How many counties is liberia divided into?
A1: fifteen
Q2: How many districts are the 15 counties of liberia divided into?
A2: 90
Q3: What is the oldest county in liberia?
A3: Grand Bassa
Q4: When was Grand Bassa founded?
A4: 1839
Q5: What is Liberia's newest county?
A5: Gbarpolu
Liberia (History)

Liberia scored a 3.3 on a scale from 10 (highly clean) to 0 (highly corrupt) on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions Index. This gave it a ranking 87th of 178 countries worldwide and 11th of 47 in Sub-Saharan Africa. This score represented a significant improvement since 2007, when the country scored 2.1 and ranked 150th of 180 countries. When seeking attention of a selection of service[clarification needed] providers, 89% of Liberians had to pay a bribe, the highest national percentage in the world according to the organization's 2010 Global Corruption Barometer.

Q1: What was liberia's score on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions index?
A1: 3.3
Q2: What was Liberia's ranking compared to the other 176 countries?
A2: 87th
Q3: What did Liberia's score  and ranking  on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions index represent? 
A3: a significant improvement since 2007
Q4: What was Liberia's score and rank on the 2007 Corruption Perceptions index?
A4: scored 2.1 and ranked 150th of 180 countries
Q5: In 2007, when seeking attention, selection or service . What percent of Liberians had to pay a bribe?
A5: 89%
Liberia (History)

Liberia's highest judicial authority is the Supreme Court, made up of five members and headed by the Chief Justice of Liberia. Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate, serving until the age of 70. The judiciary is further divided into circuit and speciality courts, magistrate courts and justices of the peace. The judicial system is a blend of common law, based on Anglo-American law, and customary law. An informal system of traditional courts still exists within the rural areas of the country, with trial by ordeal remaining common despite being officially outlawed.

Q1: What is Liberia's highest judicial authority? 
A1: Supreme Court
Q2: How many members are in the Supreme court?
A2: five
Q3: Who is the head of the supreme court?
A3: the Chief Justice of Liberia
Q4: How are members chosen for the court?
A4: Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate
Q5: How long do members of the supreme court serve?
A5: until the age of 70
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration (History)

Libraries and museums have been established for other presidents, but they are not part of the NARA presidential library system, and are operated by private foundations, historical societies, or state governments, including the Abraham Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, William McKinley, Woodrow Wilson and Calvin Coolidge libraries. For example, the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is owned and operated by the state of Illinois.

Q1: Libraries that are established for other presidents are operated by private foundations, historical societies, and what government entities?
A1: state governments
Q2: What state operates the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library?
A2: Illinois
Q3: What is the earliest President that NARA does not hold records for in its presidential library system?
A3: Abraham Lincoln
Q4: Abraham Lincoln's Presidential Library and Museum is operated by what type of entity?
A4: state
Muammar_Gaddafi (History)

Libya began to turn towards socialism. In March 1978, the government issued guidelines for housing redistribution, attempting to ensure the population that every adult Libyan owned his own home and that nobody was enslaved to paying their rent. Most families were banned from owning more than one house, while former rental properties were seized and sold to the tenants at a heavily subsidized price. In September, Gaddafi called for the People's Committees to eliminate the "bureaucracy of the public sector" and the "dictatorship of the private sector"; the People's Committees took control of several hundred companies, converting them into worker cooperatives run by elected representatives.

Q1: In September of 1978, what bureaucracy did Gaddafi speak out against?
A1: public sector
Q2: What "dictatorship" did Gaddafi attack in September of 1978?
A2: private sector
Q3: After People's Committees expropriated companies, what did they turn them into?
A3: worker cooperatives
Q4: How many companies were taken over by People's Committees?
A4: several hundred
Muammar_Gaddafi (History)

Libya's economy witnessed increasing privatization; although rejecting the socialist policies of nationalized industry advocated in The Green Book, government figures asserted that they were forging "people's socialism" rather than capitalism. Gaddafi welcomed these reforms, calling for wide-scale privatization in a March 2003 speech. In 2003, the oil industry was largely sold to private corporations, and by 2004, there was $40 billion of direct foreign investment in Libya, a sixfold rise over 2003. Sectors of Libya's population reacted against these reforms with public demonstrations, and in March 2006, revolutionary hard-liners took control of the GPC cabinet; although scaling back the pace of the changes, they did not halt them. In 2010, plans were announced that would have seen half the Libyan economy privatized over the following decade. While there was no accompanying political liberalization, with Gaddafi retaining predominant control, in March 2010, the government devolved further powers to the municipal councils. Rising numbers of reformist technocrats attained positions in the country's governance; best known was Gaddafi's son and heir apparent Saif al-Islam Gaddafi, who was openly critical of Libya's human rights record. He led a group who proposed the drafting of the new constitution, although it was never adopted, and in October 2009 was appointed to head the PSLC. Involved in encouraging tourism, Saif founded several privately run media channels in 2008, but after criticising the government they were nationalised in 2009. In October 2010, Gaddafi apologized to African leaders on behalf of Arab nations for their involvement in the African slave trade.

Q1: In what month and year did Gaddafi make a speech promoting economic privatization?
A1: March 2003
Q2: How much direct foreign investment existed in Libya circa 2004?
A2: $40 billion
Q3: By what factor did direct foreign investment in Libya increase between 2003 and 2004?
A3: sixfold
Q4: According to the plan of 2010, what fraction of Libya's economy was intended to be privatized?
A4: half
Q5: As of October 2009, who was the head of the PSLC?
A5: Saif al-Islam Gaddafi
Group_(mathematics) (Mathematics)

Lie groups are of fundamental importance in modern physics: Noether's theorem links continuous symmetries to conserved quantities. Rotation, as well as translations in space and time are basic symmetries of the laws of mechanics. They can, for instance, be used to construct simple models—imposing, say, axial symmetry on a situation will typically lead to significant simplification in the equations one needs to solve to provide a physical description.v[›] Another example are the Lorentz transformations, which relate measurements of time and velocity of two observers in motion relative to each other. They can be deduced in a purely group-theoretical way, by expressing the transformations as a rotational symmetry of Minkowski space. The latter serves—in the absence of significant gravitation—as a model of space time in special relativity. The full symmetry group of Minkowski space, i.e. including translations, is known as the Poincaré group. By the above, it plays a pivotal role in special relativity and, by implication, for quantum field theories. Symmetries that vary with location are central to the modern description of physical interactions with the help of gauge theory.

Q1: What concept is of basic importance in modern physics?
A1: Lie groups
Q2: What connects continuous symmetries to conserved quantities?
A2: Noether's theorem
Q3: What term describes the basic symmetries of the laws of mechanics?
A3: Rotation
Q4: What concept relates measurements of time and velocity of two observers in motion relative to each other?
A4: Lorentz transformations
Q5: What describe the complete symmetry group of Minkowski space including translations?
A5: Poincaré group
Namibia (Social sciences and society)

Life expectancy at birth is estimated to be 52.2 years in 2012 – among the lowest in the world. The AIDS epidemic is a large problem in Namibia. Though its rate of infection is substantially lower than that of its eastern neighbour, Botswana, approximately 13.1% of the adult population is[update] infected with HIV. In 2001, there were an estimated 210,000 people living with HIV/AIDS, and the estimated death toll in 2003 was 16,000. According to the 2011 UNAIDS Report, the epidemic in Namibia "appears to be leveling off." As the HIV/AIDS epidemic has reduced the working-aged population, the number of orphans has increased. It falls to the government to provide education, food, shelter and clothing for these orphans.

Q1: What is the life expectancy in Namibia?
A1: 52.2
Q2: What epidemic is a large problem in Namibia?
A2: AIDS
Q3: How much of the Namibian population is infected with HIV?
A3: 13.1%
Q4: How many people living in 2001 had HIV/AIDS in Namibia?
A4: 210,000
Q5: How many deaths were associated with HIV/AIDS in Namibia in 2003?
A5: 16,000.
Roman_Republic (History)

Life in the Roman Republic revolved around the city of Rome, and its famed seven hills. The city also had several theatres, gymnasiums, and many taverns, baths and brothels. Throughout the territory under Rome's control, residential architecture ranged from very modest houses to country villas, and in the capital city of Rome, to the residences on the elegant Palatine Hill, from which the word "palace" is derived. The vast majority of the population lived in the city center, packed into apartment blocks.[citation needed]

Q1: Where did the bulk of the cities populace live?
A1: the city center
Q2: What type of housing could be located in the city center?
A2: apartment blocks
Q3: From what local area in Rome is the word palace borrowed from?
A3: Palatine Hill
Q4: How many areas in Rome could be called hills?
A4: seven
Madonna_(entertainer) (Music)

Life with My Sister Madonna, a book by Madonna's brother Christopher, debuted at number two on The New York Times bestseller list. The book caused some friction between Madonna and her brother, because of the unsolicited publication. Problems also arose between Madonna and Ritchie, with the media reporting that they were on the verge of separation. Ultimately, Madonna filed for divorce from Ritchie, citing irreconcilable differences, which was finalized in December 2008. She decided to adopt from Malawi. The country's High Court initially approved the adoption of Chifundo "Mercy" James; however, the application was rejected because Madonna was not a resident of the country. Madonna appealed, and on June 12, 2009, the Supreme Court of Malawi granted Madonna the right to adopt Mercy James. She also released Celebration, her third greatest-hits album and final release with Warner. It contained the new songs "Celebration" and "Revolver" along with 34 hits spanning her career. Celebration reached number one in the UK, tying her with Elvis Presley as the solo act with most number one albums in the British chart history. She appeared at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards on September 13, 2009, to speak in tribute to deceased pop star Michael Jackson.

Q1: What is the title of the book by Madonna's brother?
A1: Life with My Sister Madonna
Q2: The book debuted at number two on which best seller's list?
A2: The New York Times
Q3: When was the divorce finalized between Madonna and Ritchie?
A3: December 2008
Q4: When did the High Court of Malawi gave the right for Madonna to adopt her second son?
A4: June 12, 2009
Q5: When did Madonna appear in MTV for the tribute to Michael Jackson?
A5: September 13, 2009
PlayStation_3 (Video games)

Life with PlayStation, released on September 18, 2008 to succeed Folding@home, was retired November 6, 2012. Life with PlayStation used virtual globe data to display news and information by city. Along with Folding@home functionality, the application provided access to three other information "channels", the first being the Live Channel offering news headlines and weather which were provided by Google News, The Weather Channel, the University of Wisconsin–Madison Space Science and Engineering Center, among other sources. The second channel was the World Heritage channel which offered historical information about historical sites. The third channel was the United Village channel. United Village was designed to share information about communities and cultures worldwide. An update allowed video and photo viewing in the application. The fourth channel was the USA exclusive PlayStation Network Game Trailers Channel for direct streaming of game trailers.

Q1: Life was able to personalize information for users by what location division?
A1: city
Q2: On what date was Life with PlayStation shut down?
A2: November 6, 2012
Q3: For weather updates from The Weather Channel, which of Life's channels would you have visited?
A3: Live Channel
Q4: What's was Life's channel that delivered information about history topics?
A4: World Heritage
Circadian_rhythm (Natural sciences)

Light is the signal by which plants synchronize their internal clocks to their environment and is sensed by a wide variety of photoreceptors. Red and blue light are absorbed through several phytochromes and cryptochromes. One phytochrome, phyA, is the main phytochrome in seedlings grown in the dark but rapidly degrades in light to produce Cry1. Phytochromes B–E are more stable with phyB, the main phytochrome in seedlings grown in the light. The cryptochrome (cry) gene is also a light-sensitive component of the circadian clock and is thought to be involved both as a photoreceptor and as part of the clock's endogenous pacemaker mechanism. Cryptochromes 1–2 (involved in blue–UVA) help to maintain the period length in the clock through a whole range of light conditions.

Q1: What signals plants to synchronize their internal clocks?
A1: Light
Q2: What do plants use to sense light?
A2: photoreceptors
Q3: What receptors absorb red and blue light in plants?
A3: phytochromes and cryptochromes
Q4: Which phytochrome found in seedlings deteriorates with light and growth?
A4: phyA
Q5: What is the main phytochrome found in seedling grown in light?
A5: phyB
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Light pollution is a growing problem in reaction to excess light being given off by numerous signs, houses, and buildings. Polluting light is often wasted light involving unnecessary energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions. Light pollution is described as artificial light that is excessive or intrudes where it is not wanted. Well-designed lighting sends light only where it is needed without scattering it elsewhere. Poorly designed lighting can also compromise safety. For example, glare creates safety issues around buildings by causing very sharp shadows, temporarily blinding passersby making them vulnerable to would-be assailants.

Q1: What is known as artificial light that is excessive or intrusive?
A1: Light pollution
Q2: What causes sharp shadows around buildings? 
A2: glare
New_Haven,_Connecticut (Geography and places)

Lighthouse Point Park, a public beach run by the city, was a popular tourist destination during the Roaring Twenties, attracting luminaries of the period such as Babe Ruth and Ty Cobb. The park remains popular among New Haveners, and is home to the Five Mile Point Lighthouse, constructed in 1847, and the Lighthouse Point Carousel, constructed in 1916. Five Mile Point Light was decommissioned in 1877 following the construction of Southwest Ledge Light at the entrance of the harbor, which remains in service to this day. Both of the lighthouses and the carousel are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Q1: Throughout the Roaring Twenties, what public beach in New Haven was a favored destination for tourists?
A1: Lighthouse Point Park
Q2: Which famed professional baseball player is known to have visited at Lighthouse Point Park in New Haven during the 1920's?
A2: Babe Ruth
Q3: What notable New Haven attraction constructed in 1847 was located at Lighthouse Point Park?
A3: Five Mile Point Lighthouse
Q4: In what year was New Haven's Lighthouse Point carousel constructed? 
A4: 1916
Q5: In what year was Five Mile Point Lighthouse decommissioned upon construction of Southwest Ledge Lighthouse? 
A5: 1877
Q6: What popular tourist site was particularly active during the 20s?
A6: Lighthouse Point Park
Q7: In 1847, a new landmark was constructed at the park, what exactly was it?
A7: Lighthouse
Q8: After 1877 another lighthouse was build to replace File Mile Point, what was its' name?
A8: Southwest Ledge Light
Q9: Is Southwest Ledge Light still active today?
A9: in service to this day
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Lighting control systems reduce energy usage and cost by helping to provide light only when and where it is needed. Lighting control systems typically incorporate the use of time schedules, occupancy control, and photocell control (i.e.daylight harvesting). Some systems also support demand response and will automatically dim or turn off lights to take advantage of utility incentives. Lighting control systems are sometimes incorporated into larger building automation systems.

Q1: What can help reduce energy and usage cost by providing light only when or where it is needed? 
A1: Lighting control
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Lighting design as it applies to the built environment is known as 'architectural lighting design'. Lighting of structures considers aesthetic elements as well as practical considerations of quantity of light required, occupants of the structure, energy efficiency and cost. Artificial lighting takes into account the amount of daylight received in an internal space by using Daylight factor calculation. For simple installations, hand-calculations based on tabular data are used to provide an acceptable lighting design. More critical or optimized designs now routinely use mathematical modeling on a computer using software such as Radiance which can allow an Architect to quickly undertake complex calculations to review the benefit of a particular design.

Q1: What is designing as it applies to built environments?
A1: architectural lighting design
Q2: Would you consider aesthetic elements alone in architectural lighting design?
A2: kno
Q3: What is the name of the software sometimes used to help calculate lighting needs in a built environment?
A3: Radiance
Q4: Hand-calculations are based off of what type of data?
A4: tabular
Q5: What type of factor calculation can be used to find out how much daylight is received in a internal space.
A5: Daylight factor calculation.
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Lighting fixtures come in a wide variety of styles for various functions. The most important functions are as a holder for the light source, to provide directed light and to avoid visual glare. Some are very plain and functional, while some are pieces of art in themselves. Nearly any material can be used, so long as it can tolerate the excess heat and is in keeping with safety codes.

Q1: What can come in a wide variety of styles for various functions?
A1: Lighting fixtures
Q2: Functioning as holder a light fixture can provide directed light and avoid?
A2: visual glare
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Lighting illuminates the performers and artists in a live theatre, dance, or musical performance, and is selected and arranged to create dramatic effects. Stage lighting uses general illumination technology in devices configured for easy adjustment of their output characteristics.[citation needed] The setup of stage lighting is tailored for each scene of each production. Dimmers, colored filters, reflectors, lenses, motorized or manually aimed lamps, and different kinds of flood and spot lights are among the tools used by a stage lighting designer to produce the desired effects. A set of lighting cues are prepared so that the lighting operator can control the lights in step with the performance; complex theatre lighting systems use computer control of lighting instruments.

Q1: What is prepared prior to the performance for the lighting operator?
A1: lighting cues
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Lighting is classified by intended use as general, accent, or task lighting, depending largely on the distribution of the light produced by the fixture.

Q1: A light is classified by intended purpose, what mainly changes its classification?
A1: light produced by the fixture.
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect. Lighting includes the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight. Daylighting (using windows, skylights, or light shelves) is sometimes used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings. This can save energy in place of using artificial lighting, which represents a major component of energy consumption in buildings. Proper lighting can enhance task performance, improve the appearance of an area, or have positive psychological effects on occupants.

Q1: What is used a main source of light for a building during the day?
A1: Daylighting
Q2: What kind of effects can natural illumination have on a persons psychological?
A2: positive
Q3: Using natural illumination instead of artificial light sources help with what?
A3: energy consumption
Q4: Lamps and light fixtures are a form of what?
A4: artificial light sources
Q5: The use of light to achieve an aesthetic effect is know as?
A5: Lighting or illumination
Q6: What can be used a main source of light for a building during the day?
A6: Daylighting
Q7: Lamps and light fixtures  are a form of what?
A7: Lighting
Q8: What kind of effects can proper lighting have on a persons psychologically?
A8: positive
Q9: What does using natural illumination instead of artificial lighting help with?
A9: energy consumption
Q10: What is the used to achieve a practical effect?
A10: Lighting or illumination