LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Professional_wrestling (Sports and recreation)

An individual wrestler may sometimes use their real name, or a minor variation of it, for much of their career, such as Angelo Poffo, Ernie Ladd, Verne Gagne, Bret Hart, and Randy Orton. Others can keep one ring name for their entire career (cases in point include Chris Jericho, Shawn Michaels, CM Punk and Ricky Steamboat), or may change from time to time to better suit the demands of the audience or company. Sometimes a character is owned and trademarked by the company, forcing the wrestler to find a new one when they leave (although a simple typeset change, such as changing Rhyno to Rhino, can usually get around this), and sometimes a character is owned by the wrestler. Sometimes, a wrestler may change their legal name in order to obtain ownership of their ring name (examples include Andrew Martin and Warrior). Many wrestlers (such as The Rock and The Undertaker) are strongly identified with their character, even responding to the name in public or between friends. It's actually considered proper decorum for fellow wrestlers to refer to each other by their stage names/characters rather than their birth/legal names, unless otherwise introduced. A professional wrestling character's popularity can grow to the point that it makes appearances in other media (see Hulk Hogan and El Santo) or even give the performer enough visibility to enter politics (Antonio Inoki and Jesse Ventura, among others).

Q1: What is the popular way for wrestlers to refer to one another?
A1: by their stage names/characters
Q2: Other than a company, who else can own a character?
A2: the wrestler
Q3: How can a wrestler get around changing their ring name entirely?
A3: typeset change
Q4: What else might a wrestler do to obtain their ring name?
A4: change their legal name
Guam (Geography and places)

An infestation of the coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB), Oryctes rhinoceros, was detected on Guam on September 12, 2007. CRB is not known to occur in the United States except in American Samoa. Delimiting surveys performed September 13–25, 2007 indicated that the infestation was limited to Tumon Bay and Faifai Beach, an area of approximately 900 acres (3.6 km2). Guam Department of Agriculture (GDA) placed quarantine on all properties within the Tumon area on October 5 and later expanded the quarantine to about 2,500 acres (10 km2) on October 25; approximately 0.5 miles (800 m) radius in all directions from all known locations of CRB infestation. CRB is native to Southern Asia and distributed throughout Asia and the Western Pacific including Sri Lanka, Upolu, Samoa, American Samoa, Palau, New Britain, West Irian, New Ireland, Pak Island and Manus Island (New Guinea), Fiji, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Mauritius, and Reunion.

Q1: What insect was detected in 2007?
A1: coconut rhinoceros beetle
Q2: What other American territory has these beetles that have infested Guam?
A2: American Samoa
Q3: Where is the Coconut Beetle native to?
A3: Southern Asia
Phonology (Language and literature)

An influential school of phonology in the interwar period was the Prague school. One of its leading members was Prince Nikolai Trubetzkoy, whose Grundzüge der Phonologie (Principles of Phonology), published posthumously in 1939, is among the most important works in the field from this period. Directly influenced by Baudouin de Courtenay, Trubetzkoy is considered the founder of morphophonology, although this concept had also been recognized by de Courtenay. Trubetzkoy also developed the concept of the archiphoneme. Another important figure in the Prague school was Roman Jakobson, who was one of the most prominent linguists of the 20th century.

Q1: What was Nikolai Trubetzkoy's publication?
A1: Principles of Phonology
Q2: When was Principles of Phonology published?
A2: 1939
Q3: What is Trubetzkoy considered to have founded?
A3: morphophonology
Q4: What school was Trubetzkoy a member of?
A4: the Prague school.
Q5: What was Trubetzkoy's title?
A5: Prince
Melbourne (Geography and places)

An influx of interstate and overseas migrants, particularly Irish, German and Chinese, saw the development of slums including a temporary "tent city" established on the southern banks of the Yarra. Chinese migrants founded the Melbourne Chinatown in 1851, which remains the longest continuous Chinese settlement in the Western World. In the aftermath of the Eureka Stockade, mass public support for the plight of the miners resulted in major political changes to the colony, including changes to working conditions across local industries including mining, agriculture and manufacturing. The nationalities involved in the Eureka revolt and Burke and Wills expedition gave an indication of immigration flows in the second half of the nineteenth century.

Q1: What term is given to the slums established on the souther banks of the Yarra?
A1: tent city
Q2: In what year was Melbourne Chinatown founded?
A2: 1851
Q3: Which ethninticities contributed an influx of interstate and overseas migrants to Melbourne?
A3: Irish, German and Chinese
Q4: Which community is the longest continuous Chinese settlement in the Western World?
A4: Melbourne Chinatown
Q5: During the second half of what century did the Burke and Wills expedition give an indication of immigration flows?
A5: second half of the nineteenth century
Phonology (Language and literature)

An integrated approach to phonological theory that combines synchronic and diachronic accounts to sound patterns was initiated with Evolutionary Phonology in recent years.

Q1: What is Evolutionary Phonology an integrated approach to?
A1: phonological theory
Q2: What is combined to sound patterns by Evolutionary Phonology?
A2: synchronic and diachronic accounts
Q3: When did Evolutionary Phonology come into being?
A3: recent years.
Q4: What sort of approach did Evolutionary Phonology take?
A4: integrated
History_of_science (History)

An intellectual revitalization of Europe started with the birth of medieval universities in the 12th century. The contact with the Islamic world in Spain and Sicily, and during the Reconquista and the Crusades, allowed Europeans access to scientific Greek and Arabic texts, including the works of Aristotle, Ptolemy, Jābir ibn Hayyān, al-Khwarizmi, Alhazen, Avicenna, and Averroes. European scholars had access to the translation programs of Raymond of Toledo, who sponsored the 12th century Toledo School of Translators from Arabic to Latin. Later translators like Michael Scotus would learn Arabic in order to study these texts directly. The European universities aided materially in the translation and propagation of these texts and started a new infrastructure which was needed for scientific communities. In fact, European university put many works about the natural world and the study of nature at the center of its curriculum, with the result that the "medieval university laid far greater emphasis on science than does its modern counterpart and descendent."

Q1: When were medieval universities created?
A1: the 12th century
Q2: Who sponsored the Toledo School of Translators?
A2: Raymond of Toledo
Q3: At the Toledo School of Translators, what language was Arabic text translated into?
A3: Latin
Q4: Which translator learned Arabic to be able to study the Arabic texts directly?
A4: Michael Scotus
Pharmaceutical_industry (Natural sciences)

An investigation by ProPublica found that at least 21 doctors have been paid more than $500,000 for speeches and consulting by drugs manufacturers since 2009, with half of the top earners working in psychiatry, and about $2 billion in total paid to doctors for such services. AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson and Eli Lilly have paid billions of dollars in federal settlements over allegations that they paid doctors to promote drugs for unapproved uses. Some prominent medical schools have since tightened rules on faculty acceptance of such payments by drug companies.

Q1: Who conduced an investigation on doctors?
A1: ProPublica
Q2: Billions of dollars have been paid by which companies?
A2: AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson and Eli Lilly
Q3: How much was discovered to have been paid to doctors by drug companies?
A3: more than $500,000
Q4: What was the reason these companies have to pay fines?
A4: allegations that they paid doctors to promote drugs for unapproved uses
Q5: How many doctors have been paid by varies companies?
A5: at least 21
Q6: A ProPublica study found that some doctors were being paid how much money for speeches?
A6: more than $500,000
Q7: Half of the top earners were mostly in what field?
A7: psychiatry
Q8: Drug manufacturers paid off doctors a total of how much money?
A8: $2 billion
Computer_security (Engineering and technology)

An unauthorized user gaining physical access to a computer is most likely able to directly download data from it. They may also compromise security by making operating system modifications, installing software worms, keyloggers, or covert listening devices. Even when the system is protected by standard security measures, these may be able to be by passed by booting another operating system or tool from a CD-ROM or other bootable media. Disk encryption and Trusted Platform Module are designed to prevent these attacks.

Q1: Installing keyloggers and making operating system modifications are examples of ways unauthorized users for what?
A1: compromise security
Q2: Booting a tool or another operating system from a CD Rom can bypass what?
A2: standard security measures
Q3: Disk encryption and Trusted Platform Module are designed to prevent what?
A3: attacks
Q4: An unauthorized user with physical access to a computer can likely do what?
A4: directly download data from it
Kievan_Rus%27 (History)

An unconventional power succession system was established (rota system) whereby power was transferred to the eldest member of the ruling dynasty rather than from father to son, i.e. in most cases to the eldest brother of the ruler, fomenting constant hatred and rivalry within the royal family.[citation needed] Familicide was frequently deployed in obtaining power and can be traced particularly during the time of the Yaroslavichi rule (sons of Yaroslav) when the established system was skipped in the establishment of Vladimir II Monomakh as the Grand Prince of Kiev,[clarification needed] in turn creating major squabbles between Olegovichi from Chernihiv, Monomakhs from Pereyaslav, Izyaslavichi from Turov/Volhynia, and Polotsk Princes.[citation needed]

Q1: What was the name of the UN-conventional system that was implemented?
A1: rota system
Q2: What did the rota system do?
A2: power was transferred to the eldest member
Q3: What was often deployed when trying to gain power?
A3: Familicide
Daylight_saving_time (Engineering and technology)

An unexpected adverse effect of daylight saving time may lie in the fact that an extra part of morning rush hour traffic occurs before dawn and traffic emissions then cause higher air pollution than during daylight hours.

Q1: Do emissions from vehicle exhaust cause lower or higher pollution before dawn?
A1: higher
Q2: Does DST mean more rush hour traffic is on the road before dawn or after?
A2: before dawn
Q3: What kind of pollution is caused by emissions from cars while they're sitting in traffic?
A3: air pollution
Political_corruption (Social sciences and society)

An unholy alliance is a coalition among seemingly antagonistic groups for ad hoc or hidden gain, generally some influential non-governmental group forming ties with political parties, supplying funding in exchange for the favorable treatment. Like patronage, unholy alliances are not necessarily illegal, but unlike patronage, by its deceptive nature and often great financial resources, an unholy alliance can be much more dangerous to the public interest. An early use of the term was by former US President Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt:

Q1: When groups that are antagonistic to each other form a coalition for hidden gain, it is called what?
A1: unholy alliance
Q2: While not illegal, an unholy alliance can be more dangerous to the public than what?
A2: patronage
Windows_8 (Engineering and technology)

An upgrade to Windows 8 known as Windows 8.1 was officially announced by Microsoft on May 14, 2013. Following a presentation devoted to the upgrade at Build 2013, a public beta version of the upgrade was released on June 26, 2013. Windows 8.1 was released to OEM hardware partners on August 27, 2013, and released publicly as a free download through Windows Store on October 17, 2013. Volume license customers and subscribers to MSDN Plus and TechNet Plus were initially unable to obtain the RTM version upon its release; a spokesperson said the policy was changed to allow Microsoft to work with OEMs "to ensure a quality experience at general availability." However, after criticism, Microsoft reversed its decision and released the RTM build on MSDN and TechNet on September 9, 2013.

Q1: When was Windows 8.1 introduced?
A1: May 14, 2013
Q2: When did Microsoft release the beta version of Windows 8.1?
A2: June 26, 2013
Q3: When did MSDN and TechNet users gain access to Windows 8.1?
A3: September 9, 2013
Oklahoma_City (Geography and places)

An upscale lifestyle publication called Slice Magazine is circulated throughout the metropolitan area. In addition, there is a magazine published by Back40 Design Group called The Edmond Outlook. It contains local commentary and human interest pieces direct-mailed to over 50,000 Edmond residents.

Q1: What is the name of the lifestyle magazine?
A1: Slice Magazine
Q2: What is another magazine that is published in Oklahoma City?
A2: Back40
Sahara (Geography and places)

An urban civilization, the Garamantes, arose around 500 BCE in the heart of the Sahara, in a valley that is now called the Wadi al-Ajal in Fezzan, Libya. The Garamantes achieved this development by digging tunnels far into the mountains flanking the valley to tap fossil water and bring it to their fields. The Garamantes grew populous and strong, conquering their neighbors and capturing many slaves (which were put to work extending the tunnels). The ancient Greeks and the Romans knew of the Garamantes and regarded them as uncivilized nomads. However, they traded with the Garamantes, and a Roman bath has been found in the Garamantes capital of Garama. Archaeologists have found eight major towns and many other important settlements in the Garamantes territory. The Garamantes civilization eventually collapsed after they had depleted available water in the aquifers and could no longer sustain the effort to extend the tunnels further into the mountains.

Q1: What time period did the Garamantes arrive in?
A1: 500 BCE
Q2: What did the Garamantes do in order to bring water to   their crops?
A2: digging tunnels
Q3: How many towns are believed to be found by   Archaeologists?
A3: eight major towns
Q4: What was the reason for the collapse of the Garamantes   civilization?
A4: depleted available water
Santa_Monica,_California (Geography and places)

An urban runoff facility (SMURFF), the first of its kind in the US, catches and treats 3.5 million US gallons (13,000 m3) of water each week that would otherwise flow into the bay via storm-drains and sells it back to end-users within the city for reuse as gray-water, while bio-swales throughout the city allow rainwater to percolate into and replenish the groundwater supply. The groundwater supply in turn plays an important role in the city's Sustainable Water Master Plan, whereby Santa Monica has set a goal of attaining 100% water independence by 2020. The city has numerous programs designed to promote water conservation among residents, including a rebate of $1.50 per square foot for those who convert water intensive lawns to more local drought-tolerant gardens that require less water.

Q1: What is the name of the urban runoff facility?
A1: (SMURFF)
Q2: How many gallons of water does (SMURFF) treat every week?
A2: 3.5 million
Q3: Santa Monica plans on water independence by what year?
A3: 2020
Q4: How much money do residents get back for participating in water conservation per square foot?
A4: $1.50
Q5: If (SMURFF) did not collect water where would it go?
A5: into the bay
High-definition_television (Engineering and technology)

Analog tape recorders with bandwidth capable of recording analog HD signals, such as W-VHS recorders, are no longer produced for the consumer market and are both expensive and scarce in the secondary market.

Q1: W-VHS recorders are capable of recording what kinds of signals?
A1: analog HD
Q2: What kind of recorder is no longer produced for the consumer market?
A2: Analog tape
Q3: In the secondary market, analog tape recorders are considered what?
A3: expensive and scarce
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Analysis of lighting quality particularly emphasizes use of natural lighting, but also considers spectral content if artificial light is to be used. Not only will greater reliance on natural light reduce energy consumption, but will favorably impact human health and performance. New studies have shown that the performance of students is influenced by the time and duration of daylight in their regular schedules. Designing school facilities to incorporate the right types of light at the right time of day for the right duration may improve student performance and well-being. Similarly, designing lighting systems that maximize the right amount of light at the appropriate time of day for the elderly may help relieve symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease. The human circadian system is entrained to a 24-hour light-dark pattern that mimics the earth’s natural light/dark pattern. When those patterns are disrupted, they disrupt the natural circadian cycle. Circadian disruption may lead to numerous health problems including breast cancer, seasonal affective disorder, delayed sleep phase syndrome, and other ailments.

Q1: Maximizing the right amount of light at the appropriate time for elderly may help systems of what? 
A1: Alzheimer's Disease
Q2: The human circadian system is entrained to how many hours light-dark pattern?
A2: 24
Q3: What happens to the natural carcidan cycle when light-dark patterns are disrupted?
A3: disrupt the natural circadian cycle
Federalism (History)

Anarchists are against the State but are not against political organization or "governance"—so long as it is self-governance utilizing direct democracy. The mode of political organization preferred by anarchists, in general, is federalism or confederalism.[citation needed] However, the anarchist definition of federalism tends to differ from the definition of federalism assumed by pro-state political scientists. The following is a brief description of federalism from section I.5 of An Anarchist FAQ:

Q1: What are anarchists against? 
A1: State
Q2: What are anarchists not against? 
A2: not against political organization or "governance"—so long as it is self-governance utilizing direct democracy.
Q3: What mode of government does the anarchists prefer? 
A3: federalism or confederalism
History_of_science (History)

Ancient Egypt made significant advances in astronomy, mathematics and medicine. Their development of geometry was a necessary outgrowth of surveying to preserve the layout and ownership of farmland, which was flooded annually by the Nile river. The 3-4-5 right triangle and other rules of thumb were used to build rectilinear structures, and the post and lintel architecture of Egypt. Egypt was also a center of alchemy research for much of the Mediterranean.The Edwin Smith papyrus is one of the first medical documents still extant, and perhaps the earliest document that attempts to describe and analyse the brain: it might be seen as the very beginnings of modern neuroscience. However, while Egyptian medicine had some effective practices, it was not without its ineffective and sometimes harmful practices. Medical historians believe that ancient Egyptian pharmacology, for example, was largely ineffective. Nevertheless, it applies the following components to the treatment of disease: examination, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, which display strong parallels to the basic empirical method of science and according to G. E. R. Lloyd played a significant role in the development of this methodology. The Ebers papyrus (c. 1550 BC) also contains evidence of traditional empiricism.

Q1: Which civilization advanced in astronomy, mathematics, and medicine?
A1: Ancient Egypt
Q2: What did Egyptians use to better organize their farmland?
A2: geometry
Q3: What theory did the Egyptians use to build rectilinear structures?
A3: The 3-4-5 right triangle
Q4: What research was Egypt known for?
A4: alchemy
Q5: What is the name of the earliest medical document?
A5: The Edwin Smith papyrus
Hellenistic_period (History)

Ancient Greece had traditionally been a fractious collection of fiercely independent city-states. After the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), Greece had fallen under a Spartan hegemony, in which Sparta was pre-eminent but not all-powerful. Spartan hegemony was succeeded by a Theban one after the Battle of Leuctra (371 BC), but after the Battle of Mantinea (362 BC), all of Greece was so weakened that no one state could claim pre-eminence. It was against this backdrop, that the ascendancy of Macedon began, under king Philip II. Macedon was located at the periphery of the Greek world, and although its royal family claimed Greek descent, the Macedonians themselves were looked down upon as semi-barbaric by the rest of the Greeks. However, Macedon had a relatively strong and centralised government, and compared to most Greek states, directly controlled a large area.

Q1: When was the Peloponnesian War?
A1: 431–404 BC
Q2: What hegemoney replaced Sparta after the Battle of Leuctra?
A2: Theban
Q3: When was the Battle of Leuctra?
A3: 371 BC
Q4: When was the Battle of Mantinea?
A4: 362 BC
Q5: Which king lend the rise of Macedon?
A5: Philip II
Materialism (Philosophy and religion)

Ancient Greek philosophers like Thales, Anaxagoras (ca. 500 BC – 428 BC), Epicurus and Democritus prefigure later materialists. The Latin poem De Rerum Natura by Lucretius (ca. 99 BC – ca. 55 BC) reflects the mechanistic philosophy of Democritus and Epicurus. According to this view, all that exists is matter and void, and all phenomena result from different motions and conglomerations of base material particles called "atoms" (literally: "indivisibles"). De Rerum Natura provides mechanistic explanations for phenomena such as erosion, evaporation, wind, and sound. Famous principles like "nothing can touch body but body" first appeared in the works of Lucretius. Democritus and Epicurus however did not hold to a monist ontology since they held to the ontological separation of matter and space i.e. space being "another kind" of being, indicating that the definition of "materialism" is wider than given scope for in this article.

Q1: De Rerum Natura is a poem by who?
A1: Lucretius
Q2: What kinf of explanation does De Rerum Natura provide for phenomena?
A2: mechanistic explanations
Hindu_philosophy (Philosophy and religion)

Ancient and medieval Hindu texts identify six pramāṇas as correct means of accurate knowledge and truths: pratyakṣa (perception), anumāṇa (inference), upamāṇa (comparison and analogy), arthāpatti (postulation, derivation from circumstances), anupalabdi (non-perception, negative/cognitive proof) and śabda (word, testimony of past or present reliable experts) Each of these are further categorized in terms of conditionality, completeness, confidence and possibility of error, by each school . The various schools vary on how many of these six are valid paths of knowledge. For example, the Cārvāka nāstika philosophy holds that only one (perception) is an epistemically reliable means of knowledge, the Samkhya school holds three are (perception, inference and testimony), while the Mīmāṃsā and Advaita schools hold all six are epistemically useful and reliable means to knowledge.

Q1: What do ancient Hindu writings identify as the means to knowledge and truth?
A1: pramāṇas
Q2: How many pramanas are there in Hindu philosophy?
A2: six
Q3: What is the pramanas for perception?
A3: pratyakṣa
Q4: What Hindu philosohy is concerned with inference?
A4: anumāṇa
Q5: Which pramanas is understanding of experts?
A5: śabda