LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Hellenistic_period (History)

The second Diadochi war began following the death of Antipater in 319 BC. Passing over his own son, Cassander, Antipater had declared Polyperchon his successor as Regent. Cassander rose in revolt against Polyperchon (who was joined by Eumenes) and was supported by Antigonus, Lysimachus and Ptolemy. In 317, Cassander invaded Macedonia, attaining control of Macedon, sentencing Olympias to death and capturing the boy king Alexander IV, and his mother. In Asia, Eumenes was betrayed by his own men after years of campaign and was given up to Antigonus who had him executed.

Q1: When did Antipater die?
A1: 319 BC
Q2: Who did Antipater declar as his successor?
A2: Polyperchon
Q3: When did Cassander invade Macedonia?
A3: 317
Q4: Who ordered Eumenes' execution?
A4: Antigonus
Q5: Who sentenced Olympias to death?
A5: Cassander
Digimon (Video games)

The second Digimon series is direct continuation of the first one, and began airing on April 2, 2000. Three years later, with most of the original DigiDestined now in high school at age fourteen, the Digital World was supposedly secure and peaceful. However, a new evil has appeared in the form of the Digimon Emperor (Digimon Kaiser) who as opposed to previous enemies is a human just like the DigiDestined. The Digimon Emperor has been enslaving Digimon with Dark Rings and Control Spires and has somehow made regular Digivolution impossible. However, five set Digi-Eggs with engraved emblems had been appointed to three new DigiDestined along with T.K. and Kari, two of the DigiDestined from the previous series. This new evolutionary process, dubbed Armor Digivolution helps the new DigiDestined to defeat evil lurking in the Digital World. Eventually, the DigiDestined defeat the Digimon Emperor, more commonly known as Ken Ichijouji on Earth, only with the great sacrifice of Ken's own Digimon, Wormmon. Just when things were thought to be settled, new Digimon enemies made from the deactivated Control Spires start to appear and cause trouble in the Digital World. To atone for his past mistakes, Ken joins the DigiDestined, being a DigiDestined himself, with his Partner Wormmon revived to fight against them. They soon save countries including France and Australia from control spires and defeat MaloMyotismon (BelialVamdemon), the digivolved form of Myotismon (Vamdemon) from the previous series. They stop the evil from destroying the two worlds, and at the end, every person on Earth gains their own Digimon partner.

Q1: When did the second series of Digimon air?
A1: April 2, 2000
Q2: What age are the original DigiDestined now that they are in High School?
A2: fourteen
Q3: Who is the new evil force that has been enslaving people?
A3: Digimon Kaiser
Q4: What did Ken do in order to atone for his mistakes?
A4: joins the DigiDestined
Seattle (History)

The second and most dramatic boom and bust resulted from the Klondike Gold Rush, which ended the depression that had begun with the Panic of 1893; in a short time, Seattle became a major transportation center. On July 14, 1897, the S.S. Portland docked with its famed "ton of gold", and Seattle became the main transport and supply point for the miners in Alaska and the Yukon. Few of those working men found lasting wealth, however; it was Seattle's business of clothing the miners and feeding them salmon that panned out in the long run. Along with Seattle, other cities like Everett, Tacoma, Port Townsend, Bremerton, and Olympia, all in the Puget Sound region, became competitors for exchange, rather than mother lodes for extraction, of precious metals. The boom lasted well into the early part of the 20th century and funded many new Seattle companies and products. In 1907, 19-year-old James E. Casey borrowed $100 from a friend and founded the American Messenger Company (later UPS). Other Seattle companies founded during this period include Nordstrom and Eddie Bauer. Seattle brought in the Olmsted Brothers landscape architecture firm to design a system of parks and boulevards.

Q1: After lumbering, what was Seattle's second big economic boom?
A1: Klondike Gold Rush
Q2: What event ended the Gold Rush?
A2: depression
Q3: What was the start of the depression that stopped the Gold Rush?
A3: Panic of 1893
Q4: For whom was Seattle the main port of supply ?
A4: miners
Q5: What company did James E. Casey found in 1907 with a borrowed $100?
A5: American Messenger Company
John_von_Neumann (Mathematics)

The second approach to the problem took as its base the notion of class, and defines a set as a class which belongs to other classes, while a proper class is defined as a class which does not belong to other classes. Under the Zermelo–Fraenkel approach, the axioms impede the construction of a set of all sets which do not belong to themselves. In contrast, under the von Neumann approach, the class of all sets which do not belong to themselves can be constructed, but it is a proper class and not a set.

Q1: What is a proper class?
A1: a class which does not belong to other classes
Q2: Under what approach does an axiom impede a set of all sets which do not belong to themselves?
A2: Zermelo–Fraenkel
Q3: Under Von Neumann's approach can a class of all sets that do not belong to themselves be constructed?
A3: class of all sets which do not belong to themselves can be constructed, but it is a proper class and not a set.
Mandolin (Music)

The second decline was not as complete as the first. Thousands of people had learned to play the instrument. Even as the second wave of mandolin popularity declined in the early 20th century, new versions of the mandolin began to be used in new forms of music. Luthiers created the resonator mandolin, the flatback mandolin, the carved-top or arched-top mandolin, the mandolin-banjo and the electric mandolin. Musicians began playing it in Celtic, Bluegrass, Jazz and Rock-n-Roll styles — and Classical too.

Q1: When was the second decline of mandolin popularity?
A1: early 20th century,
Q2: Why was the second decline in popularity not a strong as the first?
A2: Thousands of people had learned to play the instrument
Q3: Who created the rasonator mandolin?
A3: Luthiers
Q4: What are two types of new mandolins the Luthiers created?
A4: mandolin-banjo and the electric mandolin
Q5: What types of music did musicians begin to play the mandolins in?
A5: Celtic, Bluegrass, Jazz and Rock-n-Roll styles — and Classical too.
BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System (Engineering and technology)

The second generation of the system, officially called the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and also known as COMPASS or BeiDou-2, will be a global satellite navigation system consisting of 35 satellites, and is under construction as of January 2015[update]. It became operational in China in December 2011, with 10 satellites in use, and began offering services to customers in the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012. It is planned to begin serving global customers upon its completion in 2020.

Q1: What is the name of the second generation of BDS?
A1: BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
Q2: What is another name for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System?
A2: COMPASS or BeiDou-2
Q3: How many satellites will the BeiDou-2 have?
A3: 35
Q4: When did the BeiDou-2 begin construction?
A4: January 2015
Q5: When did the BeiDou-2 begin operating?
A5: December 2011
Black_people (Language and literature)

The second half of the 20th century to the present has seen a gradual shift towards improved human rights for Aboriginal people. In a 1967 referendum over 90% of the Australian population voted to end constitutional discrimination and to include Aborigines in the national census. During this period many Aboriginal activists began to embrace the term "black" and use their ancestry as a source of pride. Activist Bob Maza said:

Q1: When did human rights for Aboriginal people begin to improve?
A1: The second half of the 20th century
Q2: What year was constitutional discrimination ended?
A2: 1967
Q3: What else was included in the 1967 referendum?
A3: to include Aborigines in the national census.
Q4: What term was embraced during this period?
A4: "black"
Q5: Who said the Aboriginal people started to embrace their ancestry?
A5: Activist Bob Maza
Mexico_City (Geography and places)

The second largest higher-education institution is the National Polytechnic Institute (IPN), which includes among many other relevant centers the Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), where varied high-level scientific and technological research is done. Other major higher-education institutions in the city include the Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM), the National School of Anthropology and History (ENAH), the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM), the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (3 campuses), the Universidad Panamericana (UP), the Universidad La Salle, the Universidad del Valle de Mexico (UVM), the Universidad Anáhuac, Simon Bolivar University (USB), the Alliant International University, the Universidad Iberoamericana, El Colegio de México (Colmex), Escuela Libre de Derecho and the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica, (CIDE). In addition, the prestigious University of California maintains a campus known as "Casa de California" in the city. The Universidad Tecnológica de México is also in Mexico City.

Q1: What is the second biggest education center in Mexico City?
A1: National Polytechnic Institute
Q2: What American University has a big campus in Mexico City?
A2: University of California
Q3: What does the University of California call its campus in Mexico City?
A3: Casa de California
Q4: Where is the Universidad Tecnologica located? 
A4: Mexico City
Protestantism (Philosophy and religion)

The second main principle, sola fide (by faith alone), states that faith in Christ is sufficient alone for eternal salvation. Though argued from scripture, and hence logically consequent to sola scriptura, this is the guiding principle of the work of Luther and the later reformers. Because sola scriptura placed the Bible as the only source of teaching, sola fide epitomises the main thrust of the teaching the reformers wanted to get back to, namely the direct, close, personal connection between Christ and the believer, hence the reformers' contention that their work was Christocentric.

Q1: What is the second principle of Protestantism?
A1: sola fide (by faith alone)
Q2: What was Luther's main principle?
A2: sola fide (by faith alone)
Q3: What principle made the Bible the one source for teaching?
A3: sola scriptura
Q4: What did reformers considered their beliefs to be, in terms of focus?
A4: Christocentric
Q5: Faith can bring what eternal benefit?
A5: salvation
Umayyad_Caliphate (History)

The second major event of the early reign of Abd al-Malik was the construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. Although the chronology remains somewhat uncertain, the building seems to have been completed in 692, which means that it was under construction during the conflict with Ibn al-Zubayr. This had led some historians, both medieval and modern, to suggest that the Dome of the Rock was built as a destination for pilgrimage to rival the Kaaba, which was under the control of Ibn al-Zubayr.

Q1: Where was the Dome of the Rock built?
A1: Jerusalem
Q2: In what year was the Dome of the Rock finished?
A2: 692
Q3: During whose reign was the Dome of the Rock constructed?
A3: Abd al-Malik
To_Kill_a_Mockingbird (Language and literature)

The second part of the novel deals with what book reviewer Harding LeMay termed "the spirit-corroding shame of the civilized white Southerner in the treatment of the Negro". In the years following its release, many reviewers considered To Kill a Mockingbird a novel primarily concerned with race relations. Claudia Durst Johnson considers it "reasonable to believe" that the novel was shaped by two events involving racial issues in Alabama: Rosa Parks' refusal to yield her seat on a city bus to a white person, which sparked the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott, and the 1956 riots at the University of Alabama after Autherine Lucy and Polly Myers were admitted (Myers eventually withdrew her application and Lucy was expelled, but reinstated in 1980). In writing about the historical context of the novel's construction, two other literary scholars remark: "To Kill a Mockingbird was written and published amidst the most significant and conflict-ridden social change in the South since the Civil War and Reconstruction. Inevitably, despite its mid-1930s setting, the story told from the perspective of the 1950s voices the conflicts, tensions, and fears induced by this transition."

Q1: When did the Montgomery Bus Boycott take place?
A1: 1955
Q2: Many reviewers consider the second part of the book to be about what issue?
A2: race relations
United_States_presidential_election,_2004 (History)

The second presidential debate was held at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, on October 8, moderated by Charles Gibson of ABC. Conducted in a town meeting format, less formal than the first presidential debate, this debate saw Bush and Kerry taking questions on a variety of subjects from a local audience. Bush attempted to deflect criticism of what was described as his scowling demeanor during the first debate, joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer made me want to scowl."

Q1: Where was the second debate for presidency held?
A1: Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
Q2: Was the second debate held in a rigid, formalistic manner?
A2: town meeting format, less formal
Q3: Was there a specific topic as the main focus for the second debate?
A3: taking questions on a variety of subjects from a local audience
Q4: Who was the moderator of the second debate, held at the Washington University?
A4: Charles Gibson
Q5: How did Bush try to make light of himself after being made fun of for his demeanor during the first debate?
A5: joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer made me want to scowl."
Buddhism (Philosophy and religion)

The second truth is that the origin of dukkha can be known. Within the context of the four noble truths, the origin of dukkha is commonly explained as craving (Pali: tanha) conditioned by ignorance (Pali: avijja). On a deeper level, the root cause of dukkha is identified as ignorance (Pali: avijja) of the true nature of things. The third noble truth is that the complete cessation of dukkha is possible, and the fourth noble truth identifies a path to this cessation.[note 7]

Q1: What does the second of the Four Noble Truths explain?
A1: that the origin of dukkha can be known
Q2: What is the origin of dukkha?
A2: craving (Pali: tanha) conditioned by ignorance (Pali: avijja)
Q3: What is the third of the Four Noble Truths explain?
A3: the complete cessation of dukkha is possible
Q4: What is the fourth of the Four Noble Truths explain?
A4: identifies a path to this cessation
Q5: What is the second truth?
A5: dukkha can be known.
Q6: How is the meaning of Dukkha explained?
A6: craving
Q7: What is a contributing factor to Dukkha?
A7: ignorance
Q8: The second truth is?
A8: the origin of dukkha can be known
Q9: The origin of dukkha is explained as craving conditioned by what?
A9: ignorance
Q10: The root cause of dukkha is identified as ignorance of what?
A10: true nature of things
Q11: The third noble truth is that the complete cessation of what is possible?
A11: dukkha
Paris (Geography and places)

The second-largest business district in terms of employment is La Défense, just west of the city, where many companies installed their offices in the 1990s. In 2010 it was the workplace of 144,600 employees, of whom 38 percent worked in finance and insurance, 16 percent in business support services. Two other important districts, Neuilly-sur-Seine and Levallois-Perret, are extensions of the Paris business district and of La Defense. Another district, including Boulogne-Billancourt, Issy-les-Moulineaux and the southern part of the 15th arrondissement, is a center of activity for the media and information technology.

Q1: Who is the second largest business district employer?
A1: La Défense
Q2: How many people worked for La Defense in 2010?
A2: 144,600
Q3: What field did the majority of the employees at La Defense work in?
A3: finance and insurance
Q4: What percentage of people worked in business support?
A4: 16
Q5: What two districts are extensions of the Paris business district?
A5: Neuilly-sur-Seine and Levallois-Perret
Houston (History)

The second-largest commercial airport is William P. Hobby Airport (named Houston International Airport until 1967) which operates primarily short- to medium-haul domestic flights. However, in 2015 Southwest Airlines launched service from a new international terminal at Hobby airport to several destinations in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. These were the first international flights flown from Hobby since 1969. Houston's aviation history is showcased in the 1940 Air Terminal Museum located in the old terminal building on the west side of the airport. Hobby Airport has been recognized with two awards for being one of the top five performing airports in the world and for customer service by Airports Council International.

Q1: What is the second airport that serves Houston?
A1: William P. Hobby Airport
Q2: What was the earlier name of Hobby Airport?
A2: Houston International Airport
Q3: When was Houston International Airport renamed to Hobby Airport?
A3: 1967
Q4: Which airline now offers international flights from Hobby Airport?
A4: Southwest Airlines
Q5: For what is Hobby Airport ranked in the top five performing airports?
A5: customer service
Swaziland (Geography and places)

The secondary and high school education system in Swaziland is a five-year programme divided into three years junior secondary and two years senior secondary. There is an external public examination (Junior Certificate) at the end of the junior secondary that learners have to pass to progress to the senior secondary level. The Examination Council of Swaziland (ECOS) administers this examination. At the end of the senior secondary level, learners sit for a public examination, the Swaziland General Certificate of Secondary Education (SGCSE) and International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) which is accredited by the Cambridge International Examination (CIE). A few schools offer the Advanced Studies (AS) programme in their curriculum.

Q1: How many years does a student spend in secondary and high school in Swaziland?
A1: five
Q2: For how many years is a Swazi student in junior secondary school?
A2: three
Q3: What is the ECOS within the Swazi education system?
A3: Examination Council of Swaziland
Q4: What do students finishing senior secondary school get?
A4: Swaziland General Certificate of Secondary Education
Q5: What institution does the accreditation for the IGCSE in Swaziland?
A5: Cambridge International Examination
Computer (Engineering and technology)

The sector, a calculating instrument used for solving problems in proportion, trigonometry, multiplication and division, and for various functions, such as squares and cube roots, was developed in the late 16th century and found application in gunnery, surveying and navigation.

Q1: The sector, a calculating instrument, was invented during what century?
A1: 16th century
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 (History)

The securitization markets supported by the shadow banking system started to close down in the spring of 2007 and nearly shut-down in the fall of 2008. More than a third of the private credit markets thus became unavailable as a source of funds. According to the Brookings Institution, the traditional banking system does not have the capital to close this gap as of June 2009: "It would take a number of years of strong profits to generate sufficient capital to support that additional lending volume." The authors also indicate that some forms of securitization are "likely to vanish forever, having been an artifact of excessively loose credit conditions."

Q1: When did the securitization markets supported by the shadow banking systems start to close down?
A1: spring of 2007
Q2: When did the securitization markets supported by the shadow banking system nearly shut-down completely?
A2: fall of 2008
Q3: How much of the private credit markets become unavailable as a source of funds?
A3: More than a third
Q4: What is the firm who reported that the traditional banking system does not have capital to close the gap as of June 2009?
A4: Brookings Institution
Q5: How many years would of strong profit would it take to generate enough capital to support additional lending?
A5: a number of years
Paris (Geography and places)

The security of Paris is mainly the responsibility of the Prefecture of Police of Paris, a subdivision of the Ministry of the Interior of France. It supervises the units of the National Police who patrol the city and the three neighbouring departments. It is also responsible for providing emergency services, including the Paris Fire Brigade. Its headquarters is on Place Louis Lépine on the Île de la Cité. There are 30,200 officers under the prefecture, and a fleet of more than 6,000 vehicles, including police cars, motorcycles, fire trucks, boats and helicopters. In addition to traditional police duties, the local police monitors the number of discount sales held by large stores (no more than two a year are allowed) and verify that, during summer holidays, at least one bakery is open in every neighbourhood. The national police has its own special unit for riot control and crowd control and security of public buildings, called the Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité (CRS), a unit formed in 1944 right after the liberation of France. Vans of CRS agents are frequently seen in the centre of the city when there are demonstrations and public events.

Q1: Who is responsible for the security of Paris?
A1: Prefecture of Police of Paris
Q2: Where is the headquarters for the Prefecture of Police of Paris?
A2: Place Louis Lépine on the Île de la Cité
Q3: How many officers are in the Prefecture of Police of Paris?
A3: 30,200
Q4: When was the Compagnies Republicaines de Securite formed?
A4: 1944
Q5: How many vehicles are in the fleet?
A5: 6,000
Oklahoma (Geography and places)

The semi-arid high plains in the state's northwestern corner harbor few natural forests; the region has a rolling to flat landscape with intermittent canyons and mesa ranges like the Glass Mountains. Partial plains interrupted by small, sky island mountain ranges like the Antelope Hills and the Wichita Mountains dot southwestern Oklahoma; transitional prairie and oak savannahs cover the central portion of the state. The Ozark and Ouachita Mountains rise from west to east over the state's eastern third, gradually increasing in elevation in an eastward direction.

Q1: What is an example of a mesa range?
A1: Glass Mountains
Q2: What part of Oklahoma is the Antelope Hills in?
A2: southwestern
Q3: What part of Oklahoma has oak savannahs?
A3: central
Q4: What mountains are in Oklahoma's eastern third?
A4: The Ozark and Ouachita Mountains
Q5: In which direction do the Ozark mountains get higher?
A5: eastward