LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Paris (Geography and places)

After a tentative creation of several smaller suburban cemeteries, the Prefect Nicholas Frochot under Napoleon Bonaparte provided a more definitive solution in the creation of three massive Parisian cemeteries outside the city limits. Open from 1804, these were the cemeteries of Père Lachaise, Montmartre, Montparnasse, and later Passy; these cemeteries became inner-city once again when Paris annexed all neighbouring communes to the inside of its much larger ring of suburban fortifications in 1860. New suburban cemeteries were created in the early 20th century: The largest of these are the Cimetière parisien de Saint-Ouen, the Cimetière parisien de Pantin (also known as Cimetière parisien de Pantin-Bobigny, the Cimetière parisien d'Ivry, and the Cimetière parisien de Bagneux).[citation needed] Some of the most famous people in the world are buried in Parisian cemeteries.

Q1: Who was Prefect Nicholas Frochot under?
A1: Napoleon Bonaparte
Q2: When were the 3 new cemeteries open?
A2: 1804
Q3: What is the largest of the cemeteries created in the 20th centuries?
A3: Cimetière parisien de Saint-Ouen
Melbourne (Geography and places)

After a trend of declining population density since World War II, the city has seen increased density in the inner and western suburbs, aided in part by Victorian Government planning, such as Postcode 3000 and Melbourne 2030 which have aimed to curtail urban sprawl. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics as of June 2013, inner city Melbourne had the highest population density with 12,400 people per km2. Surrounding inner city suburbs experienced an increase in population density between 2012 and 2013; Carlton (9,000 people per km2) and Fitzroy (7,900).

Q1: What have Postcode 3000 and Melbourne 2030 aimed to do?
A1: curtail urban sprawl
Q2: How many people did Carlton have per km2 between 2012 and 2013?
A2: 9,000
Q3: How many people did Fitzroy have per km2 between 2012 and 2013?
A3: 7,900
Q4: According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics as of June 2013, inner city Melbourne had a population density of how many people per km2?
A4: 12,400
Bras%C3%ADlia (Geography and places)

After a visit to Brasília, the French writer Simone de Beauvoir complained that all of its superquadras exuded "the same air of elegant monotony," and other observers have equated the city's large open lawns, plazas, and fields to wastelands. As the city has matured, some of these have gained adornments, and many have been improved by landscaping, giving some observers a sense of "humanized" spaciousness. Although not fully accomplished, the "Brasília utopia" has produced a city of relatively high quality of life, in which the citizens live in forested areas with sporting and leisure structure (the superquadras) flanked by small commercial areas, bookstores and cafes; the city is famous for its cuisine and efficiency of transit.

Q1: Who complained that Brasilia was monotonous?
A1: Simone de Beauvoir
Q2: What nationality was de Beauvoir?
A2: French
Q3: What was de Beauvoir's career?
A3: writer
Q4: What is Brasilia famous for?
A4: its cuisine and efficiency of transit
Georgian_architecture (Art and architecture)

After about 1840, Georgian conventions were slowly abandoned as a number of revival styles, including Gothic Revival, that had originated in the Georgian period, developed and contested in Victorian architecture, and in the case of Gothic became better researched, and closer to their originals. Neoclassical architecture remained popular, and was the opponent of Gothic in the Battle of the Styles of the early Victorian period. In the United States the Federalist Style contained many elements of Georgian style, but incorporated revolutionary symbols.

Q1: What year did Georgian architecture begin to be abandoned?
A1: 1840
Q2: What was the rivalry between Gothic Revival and Neoclassical referred to as?
A2: the Battle of the Styles
Q3: What style from the United States used many elements of Georgian style but with revolutionary symbols?
A3: Federalist Style
Q4: When was the Battle of the Styles contested?
A4: early Victorian period
Qing_dynasty (History)

After agreeing to sign the Boxer Protocol the government then initiated unprecedented fiscal and administrative reforms, including elections, a new legal code, and abolition of the examination system. Sun Yat-sen and other revolutionaries competed with reformers such as Liang Qichao and monarchists such as Kang Youwei to transform the Qing empire into a modern nation. After the death of Empress Dowager Cixi and the Guangxu Emperor in 1908, the hardline Manchu court alienated reformers and local elites alike. Local uprisings starting on October 11, 1911 led to the Xinhai Revolution. Puyi, the last emperor, abdicated on February 12, 1912.

Q1: What started on October 11, 1911?
A1: Xinhai Revolution
Q2: Who was the last Qing emperor?
A2: Puyi
Q3: When did he step down?
A3: February 12, 1912
Space_Race (History)

After almost a year in the area around Peenemünde, Soviet officials moved most of the captured German rocket specialists to Gorodomlya Island on Lake Seliger, about 240 kilometers (150 mi) northwest of Moscow. They were not allowed to participate in Soviet missile design, but were used as problem-solving consultants to the Soviet engineers. They helped in the following areas: the creation of a Soviet version of the A-4; work on "organizational schemes"; research in improving the A-4 main engine; development of a 100-ton engine; assistance in the "layout" of plant production rooms; and preparation of rocket assembly using German components. With their help, particularly Helmut Groettrup's group, Korolev reverse-engineered the A-4 and built his own version of the rocket, the R-1, in 1948. Later, he developed his own distinct designs, though many of these designs were influenced by the Groettrup Group's G4-R10 design from 1949. The Germans were eventually repatriated in 1951–53.

Q1: What year was the R1 rocket born?
A1: 1948
Liberal_Party_of_Australia (History)

After an initial loss to Labor at the 1946 election, Menzies led the Liberals to victory at the 1949 election, and the party stayed in office for a record 23 years—still the longest unbroken run in government at the federal level. Australia experienced prolonged economic growth during the post-war boom period of the Menzies Government (1949–1966) and Menzies fulfilled his promises at the 1949 election to end rationing of butter, tea and petrol and provided a five-shilling endowment for first-born children, as well as for others. While himself an unashamed anglophile, Menzies' government concluded a number of major defence and trade treaties that set Australia on its post-war trajectory out of Britain's orbit; opened Australia to multi-ethnic immigration; and instigated important legal reforms regarding Aboriginal Australians.

Q1: How many years did the Liberals stay in office after the 1949 election?
A1: a record 23 years
Q2: What promises did Menzies make in the 1949 election?
A2: end rationing of butter, tea and petrol and provided a five-shilling endowment for first-born children
Q3: During what period did Australia experience long-term economic growth?
A3: the post-war boom period of the Menzies Government (1949–1966)
Portugal (Geography and places)

After annexing the County of Portugal into one of the several counties that made up the Kingdom of Asturias, King Alfonso III of Asturias knighted Vimara Peres, in 868 AD, as the First Count of Portus Cale (Portugal). The region became known as Portucale, Portugale, and simultaneously Portugália — the County of Portugal. Later the Kingdom of Asturias was divided into a number of Christian Kingdoms in Northern Spain due to dynastic divisions of inheritance among the kings offspring. With the forced abdication of Alfonso III "the Great" of Asturias by his sons in 910, the Kingdom of Asturias split into three separate kingdoms of León, Galicia and Asturias. The three kingdoms were eventually reunited in 924 (León and Galicia in 914, Asturias later) under the crown of León.

Q1: Who annexed the County of Portugal into the Kingdom of Asturias?
A1: King Alfonso III
Q2: In which year was Vimara Peres knighted?
A2: 868 AD
Q3: What was Vimara knighted as?
A3: First Count of Portus Cale
Q4: What three names did Portugal become known as after Vimara Peres was knighted?
A4: Portucale, Portugale, and simultaneously Portugália
Q5: Why was the Kingdom of Asturias divided?
A5: dynastic divisions of inheritance among the kings offspring
Chicago_Cubs (Sports and recreation)

After back-to-back pennants in 1880 and 1881, Hulbert died, and Spalding, who had retired to start Spalding sporting goods, assumed ownership of the club. The White Stockings, with Anson acting as player/manager, captured their third consecutive pennant in 1882, and Anson established himself as the game's first true superstar. In 1885 and '86, after winning N.L. pennants, the White Stockings met the short-lived American Association champion in that era's version of a World Series. Both seasons resulted in match ups with the St. Louis Brown Stockings, with the clubs tying in 1885 and with St. Louis winning in 1886. This was the genesis of what would eventually become one of the greatest rivalries in sports. In all, the Anson-led Chicago Base Ball Club won six National League pennants between 1876 and 1886. As a result, Chicago's club nickname transitioned, and by 1890 they had become known as the Chicago Colts, or sometimes "Anson's Colts", referring to Cap's influence within the club. Anson was the first player in history credited with collecting 3,000 career hits. After a disappointing record of 59-73 and a 9th-place finish in 1897, Anson was released by the Cubs as both a player and manager. Due to Anson's absence from the club after 22 years, local newspaper reporters started to refer to the Cubs as the "Orphans".

Q1: Who assumed ownership of the Cubs after Hulbert died?
A1: Spalding
Q2: What year did the White Stockings capture their third consecutive pennant?
A2: 1882
Q3: While Anson led the Chicago cubs how many National League pennants did they win?
A3: six
Q4: What did the Chicago Cubs become know as by 1890?
A4: Chicago Colts
Q5: Who was the first player in history credited with collecting 3,000 career hits?
A5: Anson
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event.

Q1: What day was the Olympic torch lit for the 2008 games?
A1: March 24
Q2: Where did the Olympics originate?
A2: Olympia, Greece
Q3: When did the Olympic torch reach Beijing?
A3: March 31
Q4: How many continents did the torch visit after Beijing?
A4: six
Q5: The torch was on what road to symbolize historic links between China and the world?
A5: Silk Road
Q6: Where was the Olympic torch lit?
A6: Olympia, Greece
Q7: What date was the Olympic torch lit?
A7: March 24
Q8: What is the name of the stadium in Greece were the torch was taken to?
A8: Panathinaiko Stadium
Q9: What date did the Olympic torch arrive at its destination in China?
A9: March 31.
Q10: What mountain was the torch taken up?
A10: Mount Everest
FA_Cup (Sports and recreation)

After being rendered obsolete by the redesign, the 1895 replica was presented in 1910 to the FA's long-serving president Lord Kinnaird. Kinnaird died in 1923, and his family kept it in their possession, out of view, until putting it up for auction in 2005. It was duly sold at Christie's auction house on 19 May 2005 for £420,000 (£478,400 including auction fees and taxes). The sale price set a new world record for a piece of football memorabilia, surpassing the £254,000 paid for the Jules Rimet World Cup Trophy in 1997. The successful bidder was David Gold, the then joint chairman of Birmingham City; claiming the FA and government were doing nothing proactive to ensure the trophy remained in the country, Gold stated his purchase was motivated by wanting to save it for the nation. Accordingly, Gold presented the trophy to the National Football Museum in Preston on 20 April 2006, where it went on immediate public display. It later moved with the museum to its new location in Manchester. In November 2012, it was ceremonially presented to Royal Engineers, after they beat Wanderers 7–1 in a charity replay of the first FA Cup final.

Q1: Who was the long-serving president of the FA cup?
A1: Lord Kinnaird
Q2: What year did Lord Kinnard die? 
A2: Lord Kinnaird. Kinnaird died in 1923,
Q3: Was the cup lost during that time? 
A3: his family kept it in their possession, out of view, until putting it up for auction in 2005
Q4: Where did it sell? 
A4: Christie's auction house on 19 May 2005 for £420,000 (£478,400 including auction fees and taxes)
Q5: Who won the bid? 
A5: David Gold
Beer (Agriculture, food, and drink)

After boiling, the hopped wort is now cooled, ready for the yeast. In some breweries, the hopped wort may pass through a hopback, which is a small vat filled with hops, to add aromatic hop flavouring and to act as a filter; but usually the hopped wort is simply cooled for the fermenter, where the yeast is added. During fermentation, the wort becomes beer in a process which requires a week to months depending on the type of yeast and strength of the beer. In addition to producing ethanol, fine particulate matter suspended in the wort settles during fermentation. Once fermentation is complete, the yeast also settles, leaving the beer clear.

Q1: In breweries, what do you call a small vat that is filled with hops?
A1: a hopback
Q2: In what phase of brewing does hopped wort become beer? 
A2: fermentation
Q3: What substance settles and make beer clear after it ferments? 
A3: yeast
Q4: How long does the fermentation process take in brewing beer? 
A4: a week to months
Q5: What substance is added to hopped wort once it cools after boiling? 
A5: yeast
Estonia (Geography and places)

After centuries of Danish, Swedish and German rule the native Estonians started to yearn for independence during the period of national awakening while being governed by the Russian Empire. Established on 24 February 1918, the Republic of Estonia came into existence towards the end of World War I. During World War II, Estonia was then occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940, then Nazi Germany a year later and again in 1944 establishing the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1988, during the Singing Revolution, the Estonian SSR issued the Estonian Sovereignty Declaration to defy against the illegal Soviet rule. Estonia then restored its independence during the 1991 coup by the Soviets on the night of 20 August 1991.

Q1: Who was in control of Estonia for most of the country's history?
A1: Danish, Swedish and German rule
Q2: When did Estonia start hoping for freedom?
A2: the period of national awakening
Q3: Who was in control during the national awakening?
A3: the Russian Empire
Q4: What year was the Republic of Estonia established?
A4: 1918
Q5: What war ended as Estonia was born?
A5: World War I
Steven_Spielberg (Media and drama)

After completing filming on Ready Player One, while it is in its lengthy, effects-heavy post-production, he will film his long-planned adaptation of David Kertzer's acclaimed The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara. The book follows the true story of a young Jewish boy in 1858 Italy who was secretly baptized by a family servant and then kidnapped from his family by the Papal States, where he was raised and trained as a priest, causing international outrage and becoming a media sensation. First announced in 2014, the book has been adapted by Tony Kushner and the film will again star Mark Rylance, as Pope Pius IX. It will be filmed in early 2017 for release at the end of that year, before Ready Player One is completed and released in 2018.

Q1: Who wrote 'The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara'?
A1: David Kertzer
Q2: When does 'The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara' take place?
A2: 1858
Q3: Where does 'The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara' take place?
A3: Italy
Q4: Who plays Pope Pius IX in 'The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara'?
A4: Mark Rylance
Q5: When is 'Ready Player One' planned to be released?
A5: 2018
Qing_dynasty (History)

After conquering "China proper", the Manchus identified their state as "China" (中國, Zhōngguó; "Middle Kingdom"), and referred to it as Dulimbai Gurun in Manchu (Dulimbai means "central" or "middle," gurun means "nation" or "state"). The emperors equated the lands of the Qing state (including present day Northeast China, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Tibet and other areas) as "China" in both the Chinese and Manchu languages, defining China as a multi-ethnic state, and rejecting the idea that "China" only meant Han areas. The Qing emperors proclaimed that both Han and non-Han peoples were part of "China." They used both "China" and "Qing" to refer to their state in official documents, international treaties (as the Qing was known internationally as "China" or the "Chinese Empire") and foreign affairs, and "Chinese language" (Dulimbai gurun i bithe) included Chinese, Manchu, and Mongol languages, and "Chinese people" (中國之人 Zhōngguó zhī rén; Manchu: Dulimbai gurun i niyalma) referred to all subjects of the empire. In the Chinese-language versions of its treaties and its maps of the world, the Qing government used "Qing" and "China" interchangeably.

Q1: After taking the bulk of China what did the Manchuse call their state?
A1: China
Q2: What does China mean?
A2: Middle Kingdom
Q3: What ethnice groups did the Qing thin made up China?
A3: Han and non-Han peoples
Portugal (Geography and places)

After defeating the Visigoths in only a few months, the Umayyad Caliphate started expanding rapidly in the peninsula. Beginning in 711, the land that is now Portugal became part of the vast Umayyad Caliphate's empire of Damascus, which stretched from the Indus river in the Indian sub-continent (now Pakistan) up to the South of France, until its collapse in 750. That year the west of the empire gained its independence under Abd-ar-Rahman I with the establishment of the Emirate of Córdoba. After almost two centuries, the Emirate became the Caliphate of Córdoba in 929, until its dissolution a century later in 1031 into no less than 23 small kingdoms, called Taifa kingdoms.

Q1: How long did it take the Umayyad Caliphate to defeat the Visigoths?
A1: a few months
Q2: In what year did Portugal become a part of Umayyad Caliphate's empire?
A2: 711
Q3: In which year did Umayyad Caliphate's empire collapse?
A3: 750
Q4: Under whom did the Western part of Umayyad Caliphate's empire gain its independence?
A4: Abd-ar-Rahman
Q5: How long did it take the Emirate to become the Caliphate of Codoba?
A5: almost two centuries
Tennessee (Geography and places)

After disenfranchisement of blacks, the GOP in Tennessee was historically a sectional party supported by whites only in the eastern part of the state. In the 20th century, except for two nationwide Republican landslides of the 1920s (in 1920, when Tennessee narrowly supported Warren G. Harding over Ohio Governor James Cox, and in 1928, when it more decisively voted for Herbert Hoover over New York Governor Al Smith, a Catholic), the state was part of the Democratic Solid South until the 1950s. In that postwar decade, it twice voted for Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower, former Allied Commander of the Armed Forces during World War II. Since then, more of the state's voters have shifted to supporting Republicans, and Democratic presidential candidates have carried Tennessee only four times.

Q1: Which Republican presidential candidate did Tennessee support in 1920?
A1: Warren G. Harding
Q2: What religion was the Democratic presidential candidate that Tennessee voted against in 1928?
A2: Catholic
Q3: How many times has Tennessee supported Democratic presidential candidates in the general elections since the 1950s?
A3: four
Q4: Which Republican won the Presidency while carrying Tennessee in 1928?
A4: Herbert Hoover
Palermo (Unknown)

After dynastic quarrels however, there was a Christian reconquest in 1072. The family who returned the city to Christianity were called the Hautevilles, including Robert Guiscard and his army, who is regarded as a hero by the natives. It was under Roger II of Sicily that Norman holdings in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula were promoted from the County of Sicily into the Kingdom of Sicily. The Kingdom's capital was Palermo, with the King's Court held at the Palazzo dei Normanni. Much construction was undertaken during this period, such as the building of Palermo Cathedral. The Kingdom of Sicily became one of the wealthiest states in Europe.

Q1: Who is considered a hero by natives for ending Muslim control of Palermo?
A1: Robert Guiscard
Q2: What was the family name who returned Palermo to Christianity after reconquest in 1072?
A2: Hautevilles
Q3: Where was the Kings Court held in the Kingdom of Sicily?
A3: Palazzo dei Normanni
Q4: How did the Kingdom of Sicily compare monetarily with the other European staes?
A4: one of the wealthiest states in Europe
Friedrich_Hayek (Social sciences and society)

After editing a book on John Stuart Mill's letters he planned to publish two books on the liberal order, The Constitution of Liberty and "The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization" (eventually the title for the second chapter of The Constitution of Liberty). He completed The Constitution of Liberty in May 1959, with publication in February 1960. Hayek was concerned "with that condition of men in which coercion of some by others is reduced as much as is possible in society". Hayek was disappointed that the book did not receive the same enthusiastic general reception as The Road to Serfdom had sixteen years before.

Q1: What topic were Hayek's next two books going to cover?
A1: the liberal order
Q2: Which of Hayek's books was not as well received as The Road to Serfdom?
A2: The Constitution of Liberty
Q3: As of the release of his 1960 book, how long had it been since The Road to Serfdom was released?
A3: sixteen years
Q4: What was the title of the his 1960 book's second chapter?
A4: The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization
Q5: How did Hayek feel about the success of the book he released in 1960?
A5: disappointed
Queen_(band) (Music)

After fans noticed Mercury's increasingly gaunt appearance in 1988, rumours began to spread that Mercury was suffering from AIDS. Mercury flatly denied this, insisting he was merely "exhausted" and too busy to provide interviews. The band decided to continue making albums, starting with The Miracle in 1989 and continuing with Innuendo in 1991. Despite his deteriorating health, the lead singer continued to contribute. For the last two albums made while Mercury was still alive, the band credited all songs to Queen, rather than specific members of the group, freeing them of internal conflict and differences. In 1990, Queen ended their contract with Capitol and signed with Disney's Hollywood Records, which has since remained the group's music catalogue owner in the United States and Canada. That same year, Mercury made his final public appearance when he joined the rest of Queen to collect the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to British Music.

Q1: When did Queen end their contract with Capitol?
A1: 1990
Q2: After leaving Capitol, who did Queen sign with?
A2: Disney's Hollywood Records
Q3: What year was Freddie Mercury's final public appearance with Queen?
A3: 1990
Q4: Which Queen album was released in 1991?
A4: Innuendo