LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke knew that many members of the Whig Party did not share Fox's views and he wanted to provoke them into condemning the French Revolution. Burke wrote that he wanted to represent the whole Whig party "as tolerating, and by a toleration, countenancing those proceedings" so that he could "stimulate them to a public declaration of what every one of their acquaintance privately knows to be...their sentiments". Therefore, on 3 August 1791 Burke published his Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs, in which he renewed his criticism of the radical revolutionary programmes inspired by the French Revolution and attacked the Whigs who supported them, as holding principles contrary to those traditionally held by the Whig party.

Q1: What did Burke want the Whigs to condemn?
A1: the French Revolution
Q2: What did Burke publish on Aug 3, 1791?
A2: Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs
Q3: Burke thought the French Revolution was against whose principles?
A3: the Whig party
Q4: Burke attacked Whigs who supported what?
A4: the French Revolution
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke put forward that "We fear God, we look up with awe to kings; with affection to parliaments; with duty to magistrates; with reverence to priests; and with respect to nobility. Why? Because when such ideas are brought before our minds, it is natural to be so affected". Burke defended this prejudice on the grounds that it is "the general bank and capital of nations, and of ages" and superior to individual reason, which is small in comparison. "Prejudice", Burke claimed, "is of ready application in the emergency; it previously engages the mind in a steady course of wisdom and virtue, and does not leave the man hesitating in the moment of decision, skeptical, puzzled, and unresolved. Prejudice renders a man's virtue his habit". Burke criticised social contract theory by claiming that society is indeed, a contract, but "a partnership not only between those who are living, but between those who are living, those who are dead, and those who are to be born".

Q1: Who did Burke say we look up to with awe?
A1: kings
Q2: Who did Burke say we look to with affection?
A2: parliaments
Q3: Who did Burke say we look to with reverence?
A3: priests
Q4: How did Burke say we look towards nobility?
A4: with respect
Q5: How did Burke say we look towards magistrates?
A5: duty
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke supported the war against revolutionary France, seeing Britain as fighting on the side of the royalists and émigres in a civil war, rather than fighting against the whole nation of France. Burke also supported the royalist uprising in La Vendée, describing it on 4 November 1793 in a letter to William Windham, as "the sole affair I have much heart in". Burke wrote to Henry Dundas on 7 October urging him to send reinforcements there, as he viewed it as the only theatre in the war that might lead to a march on Paris. Dundas did not follow Burke's advice, however.

Q1: Who did Burke write to on Nov 4, 1793?
A1: William Windham
Q2: Which faction's uprising in La Vendee did Burke support?
A2: royalist
Q3: Who did Burke urge to send reinforcements to La Vendee?
A3: Henry Dundas
Q4: Where did Burke think La Vendee might lead to a march on?
A4: Paris
Q5: What did Burke support Britain fighting against?
A5: revolutionary France
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke took a leading role in the debate regarding the constitutional limits to the executive authority of the king. He argued strongly against unrestrained royal power and for the role of political parties in maintaining a principled opposition capable of preventing abuses, either by the monarch, or by specific factions within the government. His most important publication in this regard was his Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents of 23 April 1770. Burke identified the "discontents" as stemming from the "secret influence" of a neo-Tory group he labelled as, the "king's friends", whose system "comprehending the exterior and interior administrations, is commonly called, in the technical language of the Court, Double Cabinet". Britain needed a party with "an unshaken adherence to principle, and attachment to connexion, against every allurement of interest". Party divisions "whether operating for good or evil, are things inseparable from free government".

Q1: Who did Burke want constitutional limits on the power of?
A1: the king
Q2: What type of institution did Burke think could offer opposition to abuses of power?
A2: political parties
Q3: What type of group were the "king's friends"?
A3: neo-Tory
Q4: What was Burke's most important publication about limiting royal power?
A4: Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents of 23 April 1770
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke was a leading sceptic with respect to democracy. While admitting that theoretically, in some cases it might be desirable, he insisted a democratic government in Britain in his day would not only be inept, but also oppressive. He opposed democracy for three basic reasons. First, government required a degree of intelligence and breadth of knowledge of the sort that occurred rarely among the common people. Second, he thought that if they had the vote, common people had dangerous and angry passions that could be aroused easily by demagogues; he feared that the authoritarian impulses that could be empowered by these passions would undermine cherished traditions and established religion, leading to violence and confiscation of property. Third, Burke warned that democracy would create a tyranny over unpopular minorities, who needed the protection of the upper classes.

Q1: What type of government did Burke think would be inept?
A1: democratic
Q2: For how many reasons did Burke oppose democracy?
A2: three
Q3: What did Burke think could arouse common people's dangerous passions?
A3: demagogues
Q4: What type of impulses did Burke think could gain power through commoners' passions?
A4: authoritarian
Q5: Who did Burke think protected unpopular minorities?
A5: the upper classes
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke was born in Dublin, Ireland. His mother Mary née Nagle (c. 1702 – 1770) was a Roman Catholic who hailed from a déclassé County Cork family (and a cousin of Nano Nagle), whereas his father, a successful solicitor, Richard (died 1761), was a member of the Church of Ireland; it remains unclear whether this is the same Richard Burke who converted from Catholicism. The Burke dynasty descends from an Anglo-Norman knight surnamed de Burgh (latinised as de Burgo) who arrived in Ireland in 1185 following Henry II of England's 1171 invasion of Ireland.

Q1: Where was Burke born?
A1: Dublin, Ireland
Q2: What was Burke's mother's maiden name?
A2: Nagle
Q3: When did Burke's mother die?
A3: 1770
Q4: When did Burke's father die?
A4: 1761
Q5: When did Burke's ancestors arrive in Ireland?
A5: 1185
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke was not merely presenting a peace agreement to Parliament; rather, he stepped forward with four reasons against using force, carefully reasoned. He laid out his objections in an orderly manner, focusing on one before moving to the next. His first concern was that the use of force would have to be temporary, and that the uprisings and objections to British governance in America would not be. Second, Burke worried about the uncertainty surrounding whether Britain would win a conflict in America. "An armament", Burke said, "is not a victory". Third, Burke brought up the issue of impairment; it would do the British Government no good to engage in a scorched earth war and have the object they desired (America) become damaged or even useless. The American colonists could always retreat into the mountains, but the land they left behind would most likely be unusable, whether by accident or design. The fourth and final reason to avoid the use of force was experience; the British had never attempted to rein in an unruly colony by force, and they did not know if it could be done, let alone accomplished thousands of miles away from home. Not only were all of these concerns reasonable, but some turned out to be prophetic – the American colonists did not surrender, even when things looked extremely bleak, and the British were ultimately unsuccessful in their attempts to win a war fought on American soil.

Q1: Where was Burke worried Britain might not win a war?
A1: America
Q2: How many reasons against violence did Burke present?
A2: four
Q3: How far away was the potential conflict Burke argued against?
A3: thousands of miles
Q4: What area could the American colonists retreat to?
A4: the mountains
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke's Reflections sparked a pamphlet war. Thomas Paine penned the Rights of Man in 1791 as a response to Burke; Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Men and James Mackintosh wrote Vindiciae Gallicae. Mackintosh was the first to see the Reflections as "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution". Mackintosh later agreed with Burke's views, remarking in December 1796 after meeting him, that Burke was "minutely and accurately informed, to a wonderful exactness, with respect to every fact relating to the French Revolution". Mackintosh later said: "Burke was one of the first thinkers as well as one of the greatest orators of his time. He is without parallel in any age, excepting perhaps Lord Bacon and Cicero; and his works contain an ampler store of political and moral wisdom than can be found in any other writer whatever".

Q1: Who wrote 'The Rights of Man'?
A1: Thomas Paine
Q2: Who wrote 'A Vindication of the Rights of Men'?
A2: Mary Wollstonecraft
Q3: Who said the Reflections were "the manifesto of a Counter Revolution"?
A3: James Mackintosh
Q4: Who did Mackintosh compare Burke to?
A4: Lord Bacon and Cicero
Q5: What types of wisdom did Mackintosh say Burke had?
A5: political and moral
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke's last publications were the Letters on a Regicide Peace (October 1796), called forth by negotiations for peace with France by the Pitt government. Burke regarded this as appeasement, injurious to national dignity and honour. In his Second Letter, Burke wrote of the French Revolutionary Government: "Individuality is left out of their scheme of government. The State is all in all. Everything is referred to the production of force; afterwards, everything is trusted to the use of it. It is military in its principle, in its maxims, in its spirit, and in all its movements. The State has dominion and conquest for its sole objects—dominion over minds by proselytism, over bodies by arms".

Q1: What was Burke's final publication?
A1: Letters on a Regicide Peace
Q2: When was Burke's final publication?
A2: October 1796
Q3: What did Burke think was missing from the French Revolutionary Government?
A3: Individuality
Q4: What did Burke think were the French Revolutionary Government's only goals?
A4: dominion and conquest
Q5: What negotiations did Burke think were appeasement?
A5: negotiations for peace with France by the Pitt government
Edmund_Burke (History)

Burke's religious writing comprises published works and commentary on the subject of religion. Burke's religious thought was grounded in the belief that religion is the foundation of civil society. He sharply criticised deism and atheism, and emphasised Christianity as a vehicle of social progress. Born in Ireland to a Catholic mother and a Protestant father, Burke vigorously defended the Anglican Church, but also demonstrated sensitivity to Catholic concerns. He linked the conservation of a state (established) religion with the preservation of citizens' constitutional liberties and highlighted Christianity's benefit not only to the believer's soul, but also to political arrangements.

Q1: Which church did Burke most defend?
A1: Anglican
Q2: What did Burke think was the foundation of society?
A2: religion
Q3: What religion was Burke's mother?
A3: Catholic
Q4: What religion was Burke's father?
A4: Protestant
Q5: Burke thought religion was beneficial to what besides souls?
A5: political arrangements
Myanmar (Geography and places)

Burma continues to be used in English by the governments of many countries, such as Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. Official United States policy retains Burma as the country's name, although the State Department's website lists the country as "Burma (Myanmar)" and Barack Obama has referred to the country by both names. The Czech Republic uses officially Myanmar, although its Ministry of Foreign Affairs mentions both Myanmar and Burma on its website. The United Nations uses Myanmar, as do the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Russia, Germany, China, India, Norway, and Japan.

Q1: By which name is the country called by most English speaking countries?
A1: Burma continues to be used in English by the governments of many countries, such as Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom
Q2: How is Burma officially identified in the United States 
A2: Burma (Myanmar)
Q3: What is the country called in sessions of the United Nations?
A3: United Nations uses Myanmar
Q4: What does the current president of the United States call the country in official settings?
A4: Burma (Myanmar)" and Barack Obama has referred to the country by both names
Myanmar (Geography and places)

Burma is bordered in the northwest by the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh and the Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh states of India. Its north and northeast border is with the Tibet Autonomous Region and Yunnan province for a Sino-Burman border total of 2,185 km (1,358 mi). It is bounded by Laos and Thailand to the southeast. Burma has 1,930 km (1,200 mi) of contiguous coastline along the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea to the southwest and the south, which forms one quarter of its total perimeter.

Q1: What countries surround the border that is opposite the southwest border of Burma?
A1: Burma is bordered in the northwest by the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh and the Mizoram
Q2: What sea is an integral part of the Burma landscape ?
A2: Andaman Sea to the southwest and the south, which forms one quarter of its total perimeter.
Q3: How many miles of uninterrupted coastline does Burma encompass?
A3: 1,200 mi
Q4: What is the name of the bay along the southwest coast of Burma ?
A4: Bay of Bengal
Q5: What region lays along the north border of Burma and is famed for the presence of monks ?
A5: the Tibet Autonomous Region
Myanmar (Geography and places)

Burmese resentment was strong and was vented in violent riots that paralysed Yangon (Rangoon) on occasion all the way until the 1930s. Some of the discontent was caused by a disrespect for Burmese culture and traditions such as the British refusal to remove shoes when they entered pagodas. Buddhist monks became the vanguards of the independence movement. U Wisara, an activist monk, died in prison after a 166-day hunger strike to protest against a rule that forbade him from wearing his Buddhist robes while imprisoned.

Q1: have the Burmese people ever shown any reservations about the ruling government bodies?
A1: Burmese resentment was strong and was vented in violent riots that paralysed Yangon (Rangoon) on occasion all the way until the 1930s.
Q2: What were some of problems experienced with the colonialism of Burma by the British?
A2: Some of the discontent was caused by a disrespect for Burmese culture and traditions
Q3: How long was U Wisara on a strike were he refused subsistence ?
A3: 166-day hunger strike
Q4: Was U Wisara able to survive  the protest?
A4: died in prison after a 166-day hunger strike
Q5: Why was U Wisara involved in a resistance movement of such extremes ?
A5: to protest against a rule that forbade him from wearing his Buddhist robes while imprisoned.
Myanmar (Geography and places)

Burmese, the mother tongue of the Bamar and official language of Myanmar, is related to Tibetan and Chinese language. It is written in a script consisting of circular and semi-circular letters, which were adapted from the Mon script, which in turn was developed from a southern Indian script in the 5th century. The earliest known inscriptions in the Burmese script date from the 11th century. It is also used to write Pali, the sacred language of Theravada Buddhism, as well as several ethnic minority languages, including Shan, several Karen dialects, and Kayah (Karenni), with the addition of specialised characters and diacritics for each language.

Q1: What is the matriarchal brogue of Burma that became the countries' standard vernacular ?
A1: Burmese
Q2: Which two vernaculars hold relation to the official language?
A2: Tibetan and Chinese language
Q3: How is the recognized official language of Burma displayed ? 
A3: It is written in a script consisting of circular and semi-circular letters
Q4: On what is the visual display of the language a subset of  ? 
A4: the Mon script, which in turn was developed from a southern Indian script in the 5th century
Q5: From when are the  first impressions of the visually displayed language ?
A5: The earliest known inscriptions in the Burmese script date from the 11th century.
Macintosh (Engineering and technology)

Burrel's innovative design, which combined the low production cost of an Apple II with the computing power of Lisa's CPU, the Motorola 68K, received the attention of Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple. Realizing that the Macintosh was more marketable than the Lisa, he began to focus his attention on the project. Raskin left the team in 1981 over a personality conflict with Jobs. Team member Andy Hertzfeld said that the final Macintosh design is closer to Jobs' ideas than Raskin's. After hearing of the pioneering GUI technology being developed at Xerox PARC, Jobs had negotiated a visit to see the Xerox Alto computer and its Smalltalk development tools in exchange for Apple stock options. The Lisa and Macintosh user interfaces were influenced by technology seen at Xerox PARC and were combined with the Macintosh group's own ideas. Jobs also commissioned industrial designer Hartmut Esslinger to work on the Macintosh line, resulting in the "Snow White" design language; although it came too late for the earliest Macs, it was implemented in most other mid- to late-1980s Apple computers. However, Jobs' leadership at the Macintosh project did not last; after an internal power struggle with new CEO John Sculley, Jobs resigned from Apple in 1985. He went on to found NeXT, another computer company targeting the education market, and did not return until 1997, when Apple acquired NeXT.

Q1: Why did Raskin leave the Apple team in 1981?
A1: over a personality conflict with Jobs
Q2: According to Andy Hertzfeld, whose idea is the final Mac design closer to?
A2: Jobs
Q3: What did Steve Jobs offer Xerox to visit and see their latest technology?
A3: Apple stock options
Q4: Whose technology influenced the user interfaces of the Lisa and Macintosh?
A4: Xerox PARC
Q5: What caused Steve Jobs to resign from Apple in 1985?
A5: an internal power struggle
Southampton (Geography and places)

Buses now provide the majority of local public transport. The main bus operators are First Southampton and Bluestar. Other operators include Brijan Tours, Stagecoach and Xelabus. The other large service provider is the Uni-link bus service (running from early in the morning to midnight), which was commissioned by the University of Southampton to provide transport from the university to the town. Previously run by Enterprise, it is now run by Bluestar. Free buses are provided by City-link'. The City-link runs from the Red Funnel ferry terminal at Town Quay to Central station via WestQuay and is operated by Bluestar. There is also a door-to-door minibus service called Southampton Dial a Ride, for residents who cannot access public transport. This is funded by the council and operated by SCA Support Services.

Q1: What form of public transport do most people in Southampton use now?
A1: Buses
Q2: Along with First Southampton, what is the other main bus operator in Southampton?
A2: Bluestar
Q3: What bus service did the University of Southampton commission to carry people between the city and the university?
A3: Uni-link
Q4: What time does Uni-link stop service to the university each night?
A4: midnight
Q5: What operator ran Uni-link before Bluestar?
A5: Enterprise
United_States_presidential_election,_2004 (History)

Bush and Kerry met for the third and final debate at Arizona State University on October 13. 51 million viewers watched the debate which was moderated by Bob Schieffer of CBS News. However, at the time of the ASU debate, there were 15.2 million viewers tuned in to watch the Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simultaneously. After Kerry, responding to a question about gay rights, reminded the audience that Vice President Cheney's daughter was a lesbian, Cheney responded with a statement calling himself "a pretty angry father" due to Kerry using Cheney's daughter's sexual orientation for his political purposes.

Q1: How many debates were there in total, between Kerry and Bush?
A1: third
Q2: Where was the final debate, between Kerry and Bush held?
A2: Arizona State University
Q3: What was the next biggest competitor for television viewers, next to the debate?
A3: Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simultaneously
Q4: Who did Kerry publicize as a lesbian while discussing gay rights, some time after the debate?
A4: Vice President Cheney's daughter
Q5: What did Cheney refer to him as, after hearing Kerry's comments about his daughter?
A5: "a pretty angry father"
United_States_presidential_election,_2004 (History)

Bush focused his campaign on national security, presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper." This strategy was designed to convey to American voters the idea that Bush could be trusted to be tough on terrorism while Kerry would be "uncertain in the face of danger." Bush (just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election) also sought to portray Kerry as a "Massachusetts liberal" who was out of touch with mainstream Americans. One of Kerry's slogans was "Stronger at home, respected in the world." This advanced the suggestion that Kerry would pay more attention to domestic concerns; it also encapsulated Kerry's contention that Bush had alienated American allies by his foreign policy.

Q1: What was the primary focus of Bush's campaign?
A1: national security
Q2: How did Bush try to convey that he was the stronger, tougher candidate?
A2: presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper."
Q3: What phrase did Kerry use to try to express that he was more concerned for America?
A3: "Stronger at home, respected in the world."
Q4: What does Kerry feel Bush aliented the American people with?
A4: his foreign policy
Q5: The stategy that Bush used against Kerry was compared to what other similar strategy in the past?
A5: just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election