LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Yale_University (History)

Yale's Office of Sustainability develops and implements sustainability practices at Yale. Yale is committed to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions 10% below 1990 levels by the year 2020. As part of this commitment, the university allocates renewable energy credits to offset some of the energy used by residential colleges. Eleven campus buildings are candidates for LEED design and certification. Yale Sustainable Food Project initiated the introduction of local, organic vegetables, fruits, and beef to all residential college dining halls. Yale was listed as a Campus Sustainability Leader on the Sustainable Endowments Institute’s College Sustainability Report Card 2008, and received a "B+" grade overall.

Q1: Who creates sustainability practices at Yale?
A1: Yale's Office of Sustainability
Q2: By what percent is Yale committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions below 1990 levels by the year 2020?
A2: 10%
Q3: How many campus buildings are candidates for LEED design and certification?
A3: Eleven
Q4: What project is bringing organic food to all of Yale's residential college dining areas?
A4: Yale Sustainable Food Project
Q5: What grade did Yale get on their Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2008?
A5: B+
Yale_University (History)

Yale's central campus in downtown New Haven covers 260 acres (1.1 km2) and comprises its main, historic campus and a medical campus adjacent to the Yale-New Haven Hospital. In western New Haven, the university holds 500 acres (2.0 km2) of athletic facilities, including the Yale Golf Course. In 2008, Yale purchased the 136-acre (0.55 km2) former Bayer Pharmaceutical campus in West Haven, Connecticut, the buildings of which are now used as laboratory and research space. Yale also owns seven forests in Connecticut, Vermont, and New Hampshire—the largest of which is the 7,840-acre (31.7 km2) Yale-Myers Forest in Connecticut's Quiet Corner—and nature preserves including Horse Island.

Q1: Where does Yale own 500 acres of athletic facilities?
A1: western New Haven
Q2: What campus did Yale buy in 2008?
A2: former Bayer Pharmaceutical campus
Q3: What is the former Bayer Pharmaceutical campus used for?
A3: laboratory and research space
Q4: How many forests does Yale own?
A4: seven
Q5: How big is the largest forest in Yale's possession?
A5: 7,840-acre
Yale_University (History)

Yale's museum collections are also of international stature. The Yale University Art Gallery, the country's first university-affiliated art museum, contains more than 180,000 works, including Old Masters and important collections of modern art, in the Swartout and Kahn buildings. The latter, Louis Kahn's first large-scale American work (1953), was renovated and reopened in December 2006. The Yale Center for British Art, the largest collection of British art outside of the UK, grew from a gift of Paul Mellon and is housed in another Kahn-designed building.

Q1: What is the name of the country's first university partnered art museum?
A1: The Yale University Art Gallery
Q2: How many items are in The Yale University Art Gallery?
A2: more than 180,000
Q3: Where is the largest center for British art, UK not included?
A3: The Yale Center for British Art
Q4: Whose contributions started The Yale Center for British Art?
A4: Paul Mellon
Q5: Who designed the building for The Yale Center for British Art?
A5: Louis Kahn
Yale_University (History)

Yale's residential college system was established in 1933 by Edward S. Harkness, who admired the social intimacy of Oxford and Cambridge and donated significant funds to found similar colleges at Yale and Harvard. Though Yale's colleges resemble their English precursors organizationally and architecturally, they are dependent entities of Yale College and have limited autonomy. The colleges are led by a master and an academic dean, who reside in the college, and university faculty and affiliates comprise each college's fellowship. Colleges offer their own seminars, social events, and speaking engagements known as "Master's Teas," but do not contain programs of study or academic departments. Instead, all undergraduate courses are taught by the Faculty of Arts and Sciences and are open to members of any college.

Q1: When was Yale's residential college system established?
A1: 1933
Q2: Who established Yale's residential college system?
A2: Edward S. Harkness
Q3: Who runs Yale's residential colleges?
A3: The colleges are led by a master and an academic dean
Q4: Are there academic programs in Yale's residential colleges?
A4: do not contain programs of study or academic departments
Q5: Who teaches Yale's residential college's undergraduate classes?
A5: Faculty of Arts and Sciences
Yale_University (History)

Yale's secret society buildings (some of which are called "tombs") were built both to be private yet unmistakable. A diversity of architectural styles is represented: Berzelius, Donn Barber in an austere cube with classical detailing (erected in 1908 or 1910); Book and Snake, Louis R. Metcalfe in a Greek Ionic style (erected in 1901); Elihu, architect unknown but built in a Colonial style (constructed on an early 17th-century foundation although the building is from the 18th century); Mace and Chain, in a late colonial, early Victorian style (built in 1823). Interior moulding is said to have belonged to Benedict Arnold; Manuscript Society, King Lui-Wu with Dan Kniley responsible for landscaping and Josef Albers for the brickwork intaglio mural. Building constructed in a mid-century modern style; Scroll and Key, Richard Morris Hunt in a Moorish- or Islamic-inspired Beaux-Arts style (erected 1869–70); Skull and Bones, possibly Alexander Jackson Davis or Henry Austin in an Egypto-Doric style utilizing Brownstone (in 1856 the first wing was completed, in 1903 the second wing, 1911 the Neo-Gothic towers in rear garden were completed); St. Elmo, (former tomb) Kenneth M. Murchison, 1912, designs inspired by Elizabethan manor. Current location, brick colonial; Shabtai, 1882, the Anderson Mansion built in the Second Empire architectural style; and Wolf's Head, Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue (erected 1923-4).

Q1: What is another term for some of Yale's secret society buildings?
A1: tombs
Q2: Who is the interior moulding of the Mace and Chain building rumored to have belonged to?
A2: Benedict Arnold
Q3: Who was responsible for landscaping the Manuscript Society building?
A3: Dan Kniley
Q4: Who was the architect for St. Elmo?
A4: Kenneth M. Murchison
Q5: Who was the architect behind the Manuscript Society building?
A5: King Lui-Wu
Kievan_Rus%27 (History)

Yaroslav, known as "the Wise", struggled for power with his brothers. A son of Vladimir the Great, he was vice-regent of Novgorod at the time of his father's death in 1015. Subsequently, his eldest surviving brother, Svyatopolk the Accursed, killed three of his other brothers and seized power in Kiev. Yaroslav, with the active support of the Novgorodians and the help of Viking mercenaries, defeated Svyatopolk and became the grand prince of Kiev in 1019. Although he first established his rule over Kiev in 1019, he did not have uncontested rule of all of Kievan Rus' until 1036. Like Vladimir, Yaroslav was eager to improve relations with the rest of Europe, especially the Byzantine Empire. Yaroslav's granddaughter, Eupraxia the daughter of his son Vsevolod I, Prince of Kiev, was married to Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. Yaroslav also arranged marriages for his sister and three daughters to the kings of Poland, France, Hungary and Norway. Yaroslav promulgated the first East Slavic law code, Russkaya Pravda; built Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev and Saint Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod; patronized local clergy and monasticism; and is said to have founded a school system. Yaroslav's sons developed the great Kiev Pechersk Lavra (monastery), which functioned in Kievan Rus' as an ecclesiastical academy.

Q1: What was Yaroslav also known as?
A1: the Wise
Q2: Who was Yaroslav's father?
A2: Vladimir the Great
Q3: In what year did Yaroslav become the prince of Kiev?
A3: 1019
Umayyad_Caliphate (History)

Yazid died while the siege was still in progress, and the Umayyad army returned to Damascus, leaving Ibn al-Zubayr in control of Mecca. Yazid's son Muawiya II (683–84) initially succeeded him but seems to have never been recognized as caliph outside of Syria. Two factions developed within Syria: the Confederation of Qays, who supported Ibn al-Zubayr, and the Quda'a, who supported Marwan, a descendant of Umayya via Wa'il ibn Umayyah. The partisans of Marwan triumphed at a battle at Marj Rahit, near Damascus, in 684, and Marwan became caliph shortly thereafter.

Q1: Who was the son of Yazid?
A1: Muawiya II
Q2: When did Muawiya II's reign begin?
A2: 683
Q3: Who had the support of the Confederation of Qays?
A3: Ibn al-Zubayr
Q4: From whom was Marwan descended?
A4: Umayya via Wa'il ibn Umayyah
Q5: In what year did the battle of Marj Rahit occur?
A5: 684
2008_Sichuan_earthquake (Natural sciences)

Ye Zhiping, the principal of Sangzao Middle School in Sangzao, one of the largest in An County, has been credited with proactive action that spared the lives of all 2,323 pupils in attendance when the earthquake happened. During a three-year period that ended in 2007, he oversaw a major overhaul of his school. During that time he obtained more than 400,000 yuan (US$60,000) from the county education department, money used to widen and strengthen concrete pillars and the balcony railing of all four storeys of his school, as well as secure its concrete floors.

Q1: Who was the principal of Sangzao Middle School? 
A1: Ye Zhiping
Q2: What was the principal credited with?
A2: proactive action that spared the lives of all 2,323 pupils in attendance when the earthquake happened
Q3: How many students attended the school?
A3: 2,323
Q4: How much money was used to strengthen the construction of the school?
A4: 400,000 yuan
Q5: What school principal strengthened his school?
A5: Ye Zhiping
Q6: Where is the Sangzao Middle School?
A6: Sangzao
Q7: The Sangzao school is one of the biggest in what county?
A7: An County
Q8: How many years was Ye Zhiping involved in the school overhaul?
A8: three-year period
Seven_Years%27_War (History)

Years later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision and by the Dutch Republic's insistence on neutrality, Britain soon turned to Russia. On September 30, 1755, Britain pledged financial aid to Russia in order to station 50,000 troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border, so they could defend Britain's interests in Hanover immediately. Besthuzev, assuming the preparation was directed against Prussia, was more than happy to obey the request of the British. Unbeknownst to the other powers, King George II also made overtures to the Prussian king; Frederick, who began fearing the Austro-Russian intentions, and was excited to welcome a rapprochement with Britain. On January 16, 1756, the Convention of Westminster was signed wherein Britain and Prussia promised to aid one another in order to achieve lasting peace and stability in Europe.

Q1: What was Kaunitz of Austria willing to trade for French help in capturing Silesia?
A1: willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid
Q2: What did Russia use Britain's money for?
A2: to station 50,000 troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border, so they could defend Britain's interests in Hanover
Q3: What countries teamed together at the Convention of Westminster?
A3: Britain and Prussia
Q4: When was the Convention of Westminster signed?
A4: January 16, 1756
Q5: Why was Beshuzev happy to put the troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border?
A5: Besthuzev, assuming the preparation was directed against Prussia,
Armenia (History)

Yerevan Vernissage (arts and crafts market), close to Republic Square, bustles with hundreds of vendors selling a variety of crafts on weekends and Wednesdays (though the selection is much reduced mid-week). The market offers woodcarving, antiques, fine lace, and the hand-knotted wool carpets and kilims that are a Caucasus specialty. Obsidian, which is found locally, is crafted into assortment of jewellery and ornamental objects. Armenian gold smithery enjoys a long tradition, populating one corner of the market with a selection of gold items. Soviet relics and souvenirs of recent Russian manufacture – nesting dolls, watches, enamel boxes and so on – are also available at the Vernisage.

Q1: What is Obsidian used for?
A1: jewellery and ornamental objects
Q2: What are some examples of soviet memorabilia that can be purchased at Vernissage?
A2: nesting dolls, watches, enamel boxes
Q3: What types of crafts can be purchased at Vernissage?
A3: woodcarving, antiques, fine lace, and the hand-knotted wool carpets and kilims
Q4: What is Vernissage?
A4: arts and crafts market
Seattle (History)

Yet another boom began as the city emerged from the Great Recession. Amazon.com moved its headquarters from North Beacon Hill to South Lake Union and began a rapid expansion. For the five years beginning in 2010, Seattle gained an average of 14,511 residents per year, with the growth strongly skewed toward the center of the city, as unemployment dropped from roughly 9 percent to 3.6 percent. The city has found itself "bursting at the seams," with over 45,000 households spending more than half their income on housing and at least 2,800 people homeless, and with the country's sixth-worst rush hour traffic.

Q1: What large company moved its headquarters to South Lake Union in Seattle?
A1: Amazon.com
Q2: When did Amazon begin its latest expansion?
A2: 2010
Q3: How many new people move to Seattle each year?
A3: 14,511
Q4: How much of their income do half of Seattle's population have to spend on housing?
A4: more than half
Q5: Where does Seattle rank in rush hour traffic?
A5: sixth-worst
Muslim_world (Philosophy and religion)

Yet another influential philosopher who had an influence on modern philosophy was Ibn Tufail. His philosophical novel, Hayy ibn Yaqdha, translated into Latin as Philosophus Autodidactus in 1671, developed the themes of empiricism, tabula rasa, nature versus nurture, condition of possibility, materialism, and Molyneux's problem. European scholars and writers influenced by this novel include John Locke, Gottfried Leibniz, Melchisédech Thévenot, John Wallis, Christiaan Huygens, George Keith, Robert Barclay, the Quakers, and Samuel Hartlib.

Q1: Which philosopher from the Muslim world influenced modern philosophy?
A1: Ibn Tufail
Q2: Who wrote Hayy ibn Yaqdha?
A2: Ibn Tufail
Q3: In what year was Hayy ibn Yaqdha translated to the Latin language?
A3: 1671
Q4: What kind of book is Hayy ibn Yaqdha?
A4: philosophical novel
The_Bronx (Geography and places)

Yet another may have been a reduction in the real-estate listings and property-related financial services (such as mortgage loans or insurance policies) offered in some areas of the Bronx — a process known as redlining. Others have suggested a "planned shrinkage" of municipal services, such as fire-fighting. There was also much debate as to whether rent control laws had made it less profitable (or more costly) for landlords to maintain existing buildings with their existing tenants than to abandon or destroy those buildings.

Q1: What is redlining?
A1: a reduction in the real-estate listings and property-related financial services (such as mortgage loans or insurance policies) offered in some areas
Q2: What might have encouraged landlords to abandon or destroy buildings?
A2: rent control laws
Q3: What example city service was cut back on in the Bronx?
A3: fire-fighting
Qing_dynasty (History)

Yet controlling the "Mandate of Heaven" was a daunting task. The vastness of China's territory meant that there were only enough banner troops to garrison key cities forming the backbone of a defense network that relied heavily on surrendered Ming soldiers. In addition, three surrendered Ming generals were singled out for their contributions to the establishment of the Qing dynasty, ennobled as feudal princes (藩王), and given governorships over vast territories in Southern China. The chief of these was Wu Sangui, who was given the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou, while generals Shang Kexi and Geng Jingzhong were given Guangdong and Fujian provinces respectively.

Q1: Who was the most important Ming general?
A1: Wu Sangui
Q2: What provinces did Sangui control?
A2: Yunnan and Guizhou
Q3: Name the other two important Ming generals?
A3: Shang Kexi and Geng Jingzhong
Q4: Which provinces did Kexi and Jingzhong receive?
A4: Guangdong and Fujian
Qing_dynasty (History)

Yet the most impressive aesthetic works were done among the scholars and urban elite. Calligraphy and painting remained a central interest to both court painters and scholar-gentry who considered the Four Arts part of their cultural identity and social standing. The painting of the early years of the dynasty included such painters as the orthodox Four Wangs and the individualists Bada Shanren (1626–1705) and Shitao (1641–1707). The nineteenth century saw such innovations as the Shanghai School and the Lingnan School which used the technical skills of tradition to set the stage for modern painting.

Q1: Name three painters?
A1: Four Wangs and the individualists Bada Shanren (1626–1705) and Shitao (1641–1707)
Q2: What two schools of art were created in the 19th century?
A2: Shanghai School and the Lingnan School
Q3: Name two arts of the Four Arts?
A3: Calligraphy and painting
Qing_dynasty (History)

Yongzheng also inherited diplomatic and strategic problems. A team made up entirely of Manchus drew up the Treaty of Kyakhta (1727) to solidify the diplomatic understanding with Russia. In exchange for territory and trading rights, the Qing would have a free hand dealing with the situation in Mongolia. Yongzheng then turned to that situation, where the Zunghars threatened to re-emerge, and to the southwest, where local Miao chieftains resisted Qing expansion. These campaigns drained the treasury but established the emperor's control of the military and military finance.

Q1: When was the Treaty of Kyakhta written?
A1: 1727
Q2: Who was the partner in the Treaty of Kyakhta?
A2: Russia
Q3: What did the treaty give to the Russians?
A3: territory and trading rights
Q4: What did the Qing get from the Treaty of Kyakhta?
A4: Mongolia
YouTube (Engineering and technology)

YouTube Red is YouTube's premium subscription service. It offers advertising-free streaming, access to exclusive content, background and offline video playback on mobile devices, and access to the Google Play Music "All Access" service. YouTube Red was originally announced on November 12, 2014, as "Music Key", a subscription music streaming service, and was intended to integrate with and replace the existing Google Play Music "All Access" service. On October 28, 2015, the service was re-launched as YouTube Red, offering ad-free streaming of all videos, as well as access to exclusive original content.

Q1: What is youtube red?
A1: YouTube's premium subscription service
Q2: When was youtube red originally announced?
A2: November 12, 2014
Q3: What was the original title of youtube red?
A3: Music Key
Q4: When was youtube red re-launched with its added features?
A4: October 28, 2015
Q5: What service was "music key" intended to replace?
A5: Google Play Music "All Access"
YouTube (Engineering and technology)

YouTube does not usually offer a download link for its videos, and intends for them to be viewed through its website interface. A small number of videos, such as the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama, can be downloaded as MP4 files. Numerous third-party web sites, applications and browser plug-ins allow users to download YouTube videos. In February 2009, YouTube announced a test service, allowing some partners to offer video downloads for free or for a fee paid through Google Checkout. In June 2012, Google sent cease and desist letters threatening legal action against several websites offering online download and conversion of YouTube videos. In response, Zamzar removed the ability to download YouTube videos from its site. The default settings when uploading a video to YouTube will retain a copyright on the video for the uploader, but since July 2012 it has been possible to select a Creative Commons license as the default, allowing other users to reuse and remix the material if it is free of copyright.

Q1: YOutube does not often post a what for its videos?
A1: download link
Q2: Youtube intends for users to watch videos where?
A2: through its website
Q3: What was added to the upload options in July of 2012?
A3: a Creative Commons license
Q4: Which site removed the option of downloading youtube videos after 2012?
A4: Zamzar
Q5: Which videos are often available for download straight from youtube?
A5: the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama
YouTube (Engineering and technology)

YouTube entered into a marketing and advertising partnership with NBC in June 2006. In November 2008, YouTube reached an agreement with MGM, Lions Gate Entertainment, and CBS, allowing the companies to post full-length films and television episodes on the site, accompanied by advertisements in a section for US viewers called "Shows". The move was intended to create competition with websites such as Hulu, which features material from NBC, Fox, and Disney. In November 2009, YouTube launched a version of "Shows" available to UK viewers, offering around 4,000 full-length shows from more than 60 partners. In January 2010, YouTube introduced an online film rentals service, which is available only to users in the US, Canada and the UK as of 2010. The service offers over 6,000 films.

Q1: When did youtube enter a partnership with NBC?
A1: June 2006
Q2: What is the name of the section in youtube that allows major content publishers to post full length movies and episodes?
A2: Shows
Q3: What was the intended purpose of youtube's "shows" section?
A3: to create competition
Q4: When did youtube launch the version of "shows" for the UK?
A4: In November 2009
Q5: In 2010 how many movies did youtube's rental service offer?
A5: over 6,000 films
YouTube (Engineering and technology)

YouTube has enabled people to more directly engage with government, such as in the CNN/YouTube presidential debates (2007) in which ordinary people submitted questions to U.S. presidential candidates via YouTube video, with a techPresident co-founder saying that Internet video was changing the political landscape. Describing the Arab Spring (2010- ), sociologist Philip N. Howard quoted an activist's succinct description that organizing the political unrest involved using "Facebook to schedule the protests, Twitter to coordinate, and YouTube to tell the world." In 2012, more than a third of the U.S. Senate introduced a resolution condemning Joseph Kony 16 days after the "Kony 2012" video was posted to YouTube, with resolution co-sponsor Senator Lindsey Graham remarking that the video "will do more to lead to (Kony's) demise than all other action combined."

Q1: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using Facebook to what?
A1: schedule the protests
Q2: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using Twitter to do what?
A2: coordinate
Q3: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using youtube to do what?
A3: tell the world
Q4: Who was the co-sponsor of the condemnation by the US Senate over the kony 2012 video?
A4: Senator Lindsey Graham
Q5: What year was the first youtube question asked to a presidential nominee?
A5: 2007