LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Communications_in_Somalia (Engineering and technology)

Somalia established its first ISP in 1999, one of the last countries in Africa to get connected to the Internet. According to the telecommunications resource Balancing Act, growth in internet connectivity has since then grown considerably, with around 53% of the entire nation covered as of 2009. Both internet commerce and telephony have consequently become among the quickest growing local businesses.

Q1: What years was the first ISP established in Somalia?
A1: 1999
Q2: Somalia was one of the last countries on what continent to get connected tothe internet?
A2: Africa
Q3: In 2009, what percent of Somalia has internet coverage?
A3: 53%
Q4: The quickest growing local businesses in Somalia are what types of businesses?
A4: internet commerce and telephony
Somalis (Geography and places)

Somalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: صومال‎) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number around 16-20 million and are principally concentrated in Somalia (around 12.3 million), Ethiopia (4.6 million), Kenya (2.4 million), and Djibouti (464,600), with many also residing in parts of the Middle East, North America and Europe.

Q1: What language family is Somali a part of?
A1: Afro-Asiatic
Q2: What part of the Afro-Asiatic language family is Somali a part of?
A2: Cushitic
Q3: What is the majority religion of Somalis?
A3: Sunni Muslim
Q4: How many people of Somali ethnicity live in Somalia?
A4: 12.3 million
Q5: What country has the second largest Somali population?
A5: Ethiopia
Somalis (Geography and places)

Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Middle East, South Asia and Europe due to their seafaring tradition.

Q1: What is the biggest ethnic group in Somalia?
A1: Somalis
Q2: What percentage of Somalians are ethnic Somalis?
A2: 85%
Q3: During what century did the nomad lifestyle decline among Somalis?
A3: 20th
Q4: Why do many Somalis live in South Asia and Europe?
A4: their seafaring tradition
Q5: Along with Djibouti and Ethiopia, in what African country outside Somalia can Somalis be found?
A5: Kenya
Somalis (Geography and places)

Somalis for centuries have practiced a form of customary law, which they call Xeer. Xeer is a polycentric legal system where there is no monopolistic agent that determines what the law should be or how it should be interpreted.

Q1: What is the Somali system of customary law?
A1: Xeer
Somalis (Geography and places)

Somalis have a rich musical heritage centered on traditional Somali folklore. Most Somali songs are pentatonic. That is, they only use five pitches per octave in contrast to a heptatonic (seven note) scale, such as the major scale. At first listen, Somali music might be mistaken for the sounds of nearby regions such as Ethiopia, Sudan or Arabia, but it is ultimately recognizable by its own unique tunes and styles. Somali songs are usually the product of collaboration between lyricists (midho), songwriters (lahan) and singers ('odka or "voice").

Q1: What scale is used by most Somali songs?
A1: pentatonic
Q2: How many notes are in a hepatonic scale?
A2: seven
Q3: What is an exaple of a hepatonic scale?
A3: the major scale
Q4: Along with Arabia and Ethiopia, what land has songs that sound similar to those of Somalia?
A4: Sudan
Q5: What does midho mean in English?
A5: lyricists
Classical_music (Music)

Some "popular" genre musicians have had significant classical training, such as Billy Joel, Elton John, the Van Halen brothers, Randy Rhoads and Ritchie Blackmore. Moreover, formal training is not unique to the classical genre. Many rock and pop musicians have completed degrees in commercial music programs such as those offered by the Berklee College of Music and many jazz musicians have completed degrees in music from universities with jazz programs, such as the Manhattan School of Music and McGill University.

Q1: What brothers have had significant classical training?
A1: Van Halen brothers
Q2: Billy Joel and Elton John have both had what type of training?
A2: classical
Q3: Rock and pop musicians may have degrees in what type of music?
A3: commercial
Brigham_Young_University (Philosophy and religion)

Some 97 percent of male BYU graduates and 32 percent of female graduates took a hiatus from their undergraduate studies at one point to serve as LDS missionaries. In October 2012, the LDS Church announced at its general conference that young men could serve a mission after they turn 18 and have graduated from high school, rather than after age 19 under the old policy. Many young men would often attend a semester or two of higher education prior to beginning missionary service. This policy change will likely impact what has been the traditional incoming freshman class at BYU. Female students may now begin their missionary service anytime after turning 19, rather than age 21 under the previous policy. For males, a full-time mission is two years in length, and for females it lasts 18 months.

Q1: At what age, since 2012, are men allowed to serve a mission after high school graduation?
A1: 18
Q2: At what age, since 2012, are women allowed to serve a mission after high school graduation?
A2: 19
Q3: How long is a full-time mission for males?
A3: two years
Q4: How long is a full-time mission for females?
A4: 18 months
Q5: What percentage of graduates had taken a hiatus from their BYU studies to serve as an LDS missionary?
A5: 97
Carnival (Philosophy and religion)

Some Belgian cities hold Carnivals during Lent. One of the best-known is Stavelot, where the Carnival de la Laetare takes place on Laetare Sunday, the fourth Sunday of Lent. The participants include the Blancs-Moussis, who dress in white, carry long red noses and parade through town attacking bystanders with confetti and dried pig bladders. The town of Halle also celebrates on Laetare Sunday. Belgium's oldest parade is the Carnival Parade of Maaseik, also held on Laetare Sunday, which originated in 1865.

Q1: What do some Belgian cities hold during Lent?
A1: Carnivals
Q2: What Carnival takes place on Laetare Sunday?
A2: the Carnival de la Laetare
Q3: What group of participants attack bystanders with confetti and dried pig bladders?
A3: Blancs-Moussis
Q4: What day does the town of Halle engage in its celebration?
A4: Laetare Sunday
Q5: What's the name of Belgium's oldest parade? 
A5: Carnival Parade of Maaseik
Crucifixion_of_Jesus (Philosophy and religion)

Some Christian writers considered the possibility that pagan commentators may have mentioned this event, mistaking it for a solar eclipse - although this would have been impossible during the Passover, which takes place at the full moon. Christian traveller and historian Sextus Julius Africanus and Christian theologian Origen refer to Greek historian Phlegon, who lived in the 2nd century AD, as having written "with regard to the eclipse in the time of Tiberius Caesar, in whose reign Jesus appears to have been crucified, and the great earthquakes which then took place"

Q1: As what was the event mistaken by some pagans?
A1: a solar eclipse
Q2: Why was a solar eclipse impossible?
A2: the full moon
Q3: Which Greek historian wrote about these natural occurrences?
A3: Greek historian Phlegon
Q4: Who reigned Rome during the Crucifixion of Jesus?
A4: Tiberius Caesar
Q5: What other event supposedly took place that shook people?
A5: earthquakes
Federalism (History)

Some Christians argue that the earliest source of political federalism (or federalism in human institutions; in contrast to theological federalism) is the ecclesiastical federalism found in the Bible. They point to the structure of the early Christian Church as described (and prescribed, as believed by many) in the New Testament. In their arguments, this is particularly demonstrated in the Council of Jerusalem, described in Acts chapter 15, where the Apostles and elders gathered together to govern the Church; the Apostles being representatives of the universal Church, and elders being such for the local church. To this day, elements of federalism can be found in almost every Christian denomination, some more than others.

Q1: When was the earliest source of political federalism according to Christians?
A1: is the ecclesiastical federalism found in the Bible.
Q2: What was the structure that the early Christian church described?
A2: in the New Testament
Q3: What happens in the council of Jerusalem?
A3: the Apostles and elders gathered together to govern the Church
Q4: Where can the elements of federalism can be found?
A4: can be found in almost every Christian denomination, some more than others.
Estonia (Geography and places)

Some Estonians, unwilling to side directly with the Nazis, joined the Finnish Army (which was allied with the Nazis) to fight against the Soviet Union. The Finnish Infantry Regiment 200 (Estonian: soomepoisid) was formed out of Estonian volunteers in Finland. Although many Estonians were recruited into the German armed forces (including Estonian Waffen-SS), the majority of them did so only in 1944 when the threat of a new invasion of Estonia by the Red Army had become imminent. In January 1944 Estonia was again facing the prospect of invasion from the Red Army and the last legitimate prime minister of the Republic of Estonia (according to the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia) delivered a radio address asking all able-bodied men born from 1904 through 1923 to report for military service. The call resulted in around 38,000 new enlistments and several thousand Estonians who had joined the Finnish Army came back to join the newly formed Territorial Defense Force, assigned to defend Estonia against the Soviet advance. It was hoped[by whom?] that by engaging in such a war Estonia would be able to attract Western support for Estonian independence.

Q1: Who did some Estonians join as an alternative to the Germans?
A1: the Finnish Army
Q2: Who was the Finnish Army allied with?
A2: the Nazis
Q3: Who composed the The Finnish Infantry Regiment 200?
A3: Estonian volunteers in Finland
Q4: What year did most Estonians join the Germans after a new Soviet threat was emerging?
A4: 1944
Multiracial_American (History)

Some Europeans living among Indigenous Americans were called "white Indians". They "lived in native communities for years, learned native languages fluently, attended native councils, and often fought alongside their native companions." More numerous and typical were traders and trappers, who married Indigenous American women from tribes on the frontier and had families with them. Some traders, who kept bases in the cities, had what ware called "country wives" among Indigenous Americans, with legal European-American wives and children at home in the city. Not all abandoned their "natural" mixed-race children. Some arranged for sons to be sent to European-American schools for their education.

Q1: Who were considered "white Indians"?
A1: Europeans living among Indigenous Americans
Q2: Who had Indigenous "Country wives"?
A2: Some traders
Q3: Who lived in native communities, speaking the language and participating in the affairs of tribes?
A3: "white Indians"
Q4: Why were some multiracial children sent to Europe?
A4: for their education
Q5: Where were legal wives usually kept?
A5: in the city
Dutch_language (Language and literature)

Some Flemish dialects are so distinct that they might be considered as separate language variants, although the strong significance of language in Belgian politics would prevent the government from classifying them as such. West Flemish in particular has sometimes been considered a distinct variety. Dialect borders of these dialects do not correspond to present political boundaries, but reflect older, medieval divisions. The Brabantian dialect group, for instance, also extends to much of the south of the Netherlands, and so does Limburgish. West Flemish is also spoken in Zeelandic Flanders (part of the Dutch province of Zeeland), and by older people in French Flanders (a small area that borders Belgium).

Q1: What Dutch dialect is so distinct that it's often considered a language variant?
A1: West Flemish
Q2: What kind of governmental boundary does dialect distribution transcend, reflecting medieval divisions?
A2: political boundaries
Q3: What province is Zeelandic Flanders in?
A3: Zeeland
Q4: What area that abuts Belgium still has some older people who speak West Flemish?
A4: French Flanders
Q5: Along with Limburgish, what other Dutch dialect is spoken down into a lot of the southern Netherlands?
A5: Brabantian
Nonprofit_organization (Social sciences and society)

Some NPOs may also be a charity or service organization; they may be organized as a profit corporation or as a trust, a cooperative, or they exist informally. A very similar type of organization termed a supporting organization operates like a foundation, but they are more complicated to administer, hold more favorable tax status and are restricted in the public charities they support. Their mole is not to be successful in terms of wealth, but in terms of giving value to the groups of people they administer to.

Q1: How are charity or service NPOs usually organized?
A1: profit corporation or as a trust, a cooperative, or they exist informally
Q2: What type of organization behaves much like a foundation?
A2: a supporting organization
Q3:  What is a major function of a foundation?
A3: giving value to the groups of people they administer to
Nonprofit_organization (Social sciences and society)

Some NPOs which are particularly well known, often for the charitable or social nature of their activities performed during a long period of time, include Amnesty International, Oxfam, Rotary International, Kiwanis International, Carnegie Corporation of New York, Nourishing USA, DEMIRA Deutsche Minenräumer (German Mine Clearers), FIDH International Federation for Human Rights, Goodwill Industries, United Way, ACORN (now defunct), Habitat for Humanity, Teach For America, the Red Cross and Red Crescent organizations, UNESCO, IEEE, INCOSE, World Wide Fund for Nature, Heifer International, Translators Without Borders and SOS Children's Villages.

Q1: What is a well known NPO that helps people from low incomes become homeowners?
A1: Habitat for Humanity
Q2: What is a international NPO that works on local levels to help communities thrive?
A2: Rotary International
Q3: What is a national charite that helps to bring food and health care to low income families?
A3: United Way
Q4: Which NPO is on the fore front of help when national disasters strike?
A4: Red Cross and Red Crescent
Q5: Which organization is a leader in promoting nature and preserving the enviornment?
A5: World Wide Fund for Nature
Presbyterianism (History)

Some Presbyterian traditions adopt only the Westminster Confession of Faith as the doctrinal standard to which teaching elders are required to subscribe, in contrast to the Larger and Shorter catechisms, which are approved for use in instruction. Many Presbyterian denominations, especially in North America, have adopted all of the Westminster Standards as their standard of doctrine which is subordinate to the Bible. These documents are Calvinistic in their doctrinal orientation. The Presbyterian Church in Canada retains the Westminster Confession of Faith in its original form, while admitting the historical period in which it was written should be understood when it is read.

Q1: What traditions do some Presbyterian churches only adopt as their doctrinal standard?
A1: Westminster Confession of Faith
Q2: Many Presbyterian churches in America have adopted this doctrine as their standard, what is it?
A2: Westminster Standards
Q3: The Presbyterian church in Canada has retains which Doctrine in its original form?
A3: Westminster Confession of Faith
Samoa (Geography and places)

Some Samoans are spiritual and religious, and have subtly adapted the dominant religion of Christianity to 'fit in' with fa'a Samoa and vice versa. As such, ancient beliefs continue to co-exist side-by-side with Christianity, particularly in regard to the traditional customs and rituals of fa'a Samoa. The Samoan culture is centred around the principle of vāfealoa'i, the relationships between people. These relationships are based on respect, or fa'aaloalo. When Christianity was introduced in Samoa, most Samoan people converted. Currently 98% of the population identify themselves as Christian.

Q1: What religion is practiced by the vast majority of Samoans?
A1: Christianity
Q2: What word that means human relationships is at the core of Samoa's culture?
A2: vāfealoa'i
Q3: What word is used in Samoa to mean "respect"?
A3: fa'aaloalo
Q4: What percentage of Samoans call themselves Christians?
A4: 98%
USB (Engineering and technology)

Some USB devices require more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port. This is common for external hard and optical disc drives, and generally for devices with motors or lamps. Such devices can use an external power supply, which is allowed by the standard, or use a dual-input USB cable, one input of which is used for power and data transfer, the other solely for power, which makes the device a non-standard USB device. Some USB ports and external hubs can, in practice, supply more power to USB devices than required by the specification but a standard-compliant device may not depend on this.

Q1: Some USB devices require what?
A1: more power than is permitted by the specifications for a single port.
Q2: Some devices such as an external hard and optical disk drive can use what?
A2: an external power supply
Q3: What is another alternative for power for an external hard and optical disk drive?
A3: a dual-input USB cable
Q4: What is the purpose of a dual-input USB cable?
A4: one input of which is used for power and data transfer, the other solely for power
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

Some Western media have reported on Chinese accusations of Western media bias. The Daily Telegraph published an opinion piece by the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom, Fu Ying, who accused Western media of "demonising" China during their coverage of the torch relays. The Telegraph also asked its readers to send their views in response to the question "Is the West demonising China?" The BBC reported on a demonstration in Sydney by Chinese Australians "voicing support for Beijing amid controversy over Tibet" and protesting against what they saw as Western media bias. The report showed demonstrators carrying signs which read "Shame on some Western media", "BBC CNN lies too" and "Stop media distortion!". One demonstrator interviewed by the BBC stated: "I saw some news from CNN, from the BBC, some media [inaudible], and they are just lying." Libération also reported that it had been accused of bias by the Chinese media.

Q1: Which United Kingdom newspaper published a Chinese ambassador's opinion that Western media had demonized China with torch coverage?
A1: The Daily Telegraph
Q2: What French newspaper did the Chinese media accuse of bias?
A2: Libération
Q3: Some Chinese have accused Western media of what in their reportings?
A3: Western media bias.
Q4: Who was the Chinese ambassador to the U.K.?
A4: Fu Ying
Q5: Which newspaper published these accusations?
A5: The Daily Telegraph
Q6: What other newspaper was accused of bias?
A6: Libération
Immaculate_Conception (Philosophy and religion)

Some Western writers claim that the immaculate conception of Mary is a teaching of Islam. Thus, commenting in 1734 on the passage in the Qur'an, "I have called her Mary; and I commend her to thy protection, and also her issue, against Satan driven away with stones", George Sale stated: "It is not improbable that the pretended immaculate conception of the virgin Mary is intimated in this passage. For according to a tradition of Mohammed, every person that comes into the world, is touched at his birth by the devil, and therefore cries out, Mary and her son only excepted; between whom, and the evil spirit God placed a veil, so that his touch did not reach them. And for this reason they say, neither of them were guilty of any sin, like the rest of the children of Adam."

Q1: What  religion is credited by some authors from the west for initiating the story of the conceiving of Mary ?
A1: claim that the immaculate conception of Mary is a teaching of Islam.
Q2: What do these authors use in the form of proof for credit given to the other religion  ?
A2: passage in the Qur'an, "I have called her Mary; and I commend her to thy protection, and also her issue, against Satan driven away with stones
Q3: According to the teaching of this other religion what occurred to Mary during the birth of her first child ?
A3: Mary and her son only excepted; between whom, and the evil spirit God placed a veil, so that his touch did not reach them.
Q4: What does this other religion also state  happens  to everyone besides Mary and her First born child  ?
A4: every person that comes into the world, is touched at his birth by the devil
Q5: What does the event cause to happen to everyone but Mary and her first born child ?
A5: every person that comes into the world, is touched at his birth by the devil, and therefore cries out,
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

Some advocates for Tibet, Darfur, and the spiritual practice Falun Gong, planned to protest the April 9 arrival of the torch in San Francisco. China had already requested the torch route in San Francisco be shortened. On April 7, 2008, two days prior to the actual torch relay, three activists carrying Tibetan flags scaled the suspension cables of the Golden Gate Bridge to unfurl two banners, one saying "One World, One Dream. Free Tibet", and the other, "Free Tibet '08". Among them was San Francisco resident Laurel Sutherlin, who spoke to the local TV station KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone, urging the International Olympic Committee to ask China not to allow the torch to go through Tibet. "Sutherlin said he was worried that the torch's planned route through Tibet would lead to more arrests and Chinese officials would use force to stifle dissent." The three activists and five supporters face charges related to trespassing, conspiracy and causing a public nuisance.

Q1: Three protester climbed what to hang two banners on April 7, 2008?
A1: Golden Gate Bridge
Q2: Laurel Sutherlin spoke to which TV station about his concerns?
A2: KPIX-CBS5
Q3: Who asked that the San Francisco relay route be shortened?
A3: China
Q4: What famous bridge had two banners hung from it by protesters?
A4: Golden Gate Bridge
Q5: Who spoke to station KPIX-CBS5 about the bridge banner protests?
A5: Laurel Sutherlin
Q6: How many supporters face charges for the bridge stunt?
A6: five
Q7: How many activists may be charged with crimes for the bridge stunt?
A7: three
Hunter-gatherer (Natural sciences)

Some agriculturalists also regularly hunt and gather (e.g., farming during the frost-free season and hunting during the winter). Still others in developed countries go hunting, primarily for leisure. In the Brazilian rainforest, those groups that recently did, or even continue to, rely on hunting and gathering techniques seem to have adopted this lifestyle, abandoning most agriculture, as a way to escape colonial control and as a result of the introduction of European diseases reducing their populations to levels where agriculture became difficult.[citation needed][dubious – discuss]

Q1: What do some agriculturalists often do?
A1: hunt and gather
Q2: What do they sometimes do for entertainment?
A2: go hunting
Q3: Why would they leave agricultural lifestyle?
A3: to escape colonial control
Q4: Besides avoiding government controls, what other reason could they have?
A4: agriculture became difficult