LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Law_of_the_United_States (Social sciences and society)

After the President signs a bill into law (or Congress enacts it over his veto), it is delivered to the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) where it is assigned a law number, and prepared for publication as a slip law. Public laws, but not private laws, are also given legal statutory citation by the OFR. At the end of each session of Congress, the slip laws are compiled into bound volumes called the United States Statutes at Large, and they are known as session laws. The Statutes at Large present a chronological arrangement of the laws in the exact order that they have been enacted.

Q1: Who signs a bill into a law?
A1: the President
Q2: Where does a bill go after it is signed?
A2: Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)
Q3: What is a new law given at the OFR of the NARA?
A3: a law number
Q4: After being given a law number, a new law is prepared for publication as what?
A4: a slip law
Q5: What kind of laws are not given statutory citation by the OFR?
A5: private laws
Q6: Where does a bill go once the President signs it into effect?
A6: delivered to the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)
Q7: What happens after a bill is delivered to the OFR?
A7: assigned a law number
Q8: After a bill is assigned a number, what is it made ready for?
A8: publication as a slip law
Q9: Once the slip laws are placed into the United States Statutes at Large, what are they called?
A9: session laws
Q10: What is the United States Statutes at Large?
A10: a chronological arrangement of the laws in the exact order that they have been enacted
Iran (Geography and places)

After the Revolution of 1979, as the new government imposed new laws and standards, a new age in Iranian cinema emerged, starting with Viva... by Khosrow Sinai and followed by many other directors, such as Abbas Kiarostami and Jafar Panahi. Kiarostami, an admired Iranian director, planted Iran firmly on the map of world cinema when he won the Palme d'Or for Taste of Cherry in 1997. The continuous presence of Iranian films in prestigious international festivals, such as the Cannes Film Festival, the Venice Film Festival, and the Berlin International Film Festival, attracted world attention to Iranian masterpieces. In 2006, six Iranian films, of six different styles, represented Iranian cinema at the Berlin International Film Festival. Critics considered this a remarkable event in the history of Iranian cinema.

Q1: Which director led off a new age of Iranian film after the 1979 Revolution?
A1: Khosrow Sinai
Q2: What was the name of Sinai's film that ushered in Iran's new era of film after the 1979 Revolution?
A2: Viva...
Q3: Which Iranian director won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997?
A3: Abbas Kiarostami
Q4: What was the name of Kiarostami's film which won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997? 
A4: Taste of Cherry
Q5: What year did 6 different Iranian films of six different styles represent at the Berlin International Film Festival?
A5: 2006
Somerset (Geography and places)

After the Romans left, Britain was invaded by Anglo-Saxon peoples. By AD 600 they had established control over much of what is now England, but Somerset was still in native British hands. The British held back Saxon advance into the south-west for some time longer, but by the early eighth century King Ine of Wessex had pushed the boundaries of the West Saxon kingdom far enough west to include Somerset. The Saxon royal palace in Cheddar was used several times in the 10th century to host the Witenagemot. After the Norman Conquest, the county was divided into 700 fiefs, and large areas were owned by the crown, with fortifications such as Dunster Castle used for control and defence. Somerset contains HM Prison Shepton Mallet, which was England's oldest prison still in use prior to its closure in 2013, having opened in 1610. In the English Civil War Somerset was largely Parliamentarian, with key engagements being the Sieges of Taunton and the Battle of Langport. In 1685 the Monmouth Rebellion was played out in Somerset and neighbouring Dorset. The rebels landed at Lyme Regis and travelled north, hoping to capture Bristol and Bath, but they were defeated in the Battle of Sedgemoor at Westonzoyland, the last pitched battle fought in England. Arthur Wellesley took his title, Duke of Wellington from the town of Wellington; he is commemorated on a nearby hill by a large, spotlit obelisk, known as the Wellington Monument.

Q1: Who invaded Britain when the Romans Left 
A1: Britain was invaded by Anglo-Saxon peoples
Q2: It took how long for the Anglo Saxons to control  the Somerset area 
A2: by the early eighth century King Ine of Wessex had pushed the boundaries of the West Saxon kingdom far enough west to include Somerset
Q3: What was the Saxon Royal Palace used for 
A3: was used several times in the 10th century to host the Witenagemot
Q4: What prison does somerset county contain 
A4: HM Prison Shepton Mallet, which was England's oldest prison still in use prior to its closure in 2013, having opened in 1610
Q5: What rebellion took place in Somerset in 1685 
A5: Monmouth Rebellion was played out in Somerset and neighbouring Dorset
Kievan_Rus%27 (History)

After the Rus' attack on Constantinople in 860, the Byzantine Patriarch Photius sent missionaries north to convert the Rus' and the Slavs. Prince Rastislav of Moravia had requested the Emperor to provide teachers to interpret the holy scriptures, so in 863 the brothers Cyril and Methodius were sent as missionaries, due to their knowledge of the Slavonic language. The Slavs had no written language, so the brothers devised the Glagolitic alphabet, later developed into Cyrillic, and standardized the language of the Slavs, later known as Old Church Slavonic. They translated portions of the Bible and drafted the first Slavic civil code and other documents, and the language and texts spread throughout Slavic territories, including Kievan Rus’. The mission of Cyril and Methodius served both evangelical and diplomatic purposes, spreading Byzantine cultural influence in support of imperial foreign policy. In 867 the Patriarch announced that the Rus' had accepted a bishop, and in 874 he speaks of an "Archbishop of the Rus'."

Q1: In what year did the Rus attack Constantinople?
A1: 860
Q2: What had Prince Rastislav requested?
A2: provide teachers
Q3: What did Cyril and Mehodius come up with to help with the issue of the Slaves not having a written language?
A3: devised the Glagolitic alphabet
Q4: In what year did the Rus accept a bishop?
A4: 867
Tajikistan (Geography and places)

After the Russian Revolution of 1917 guerrillas throughout Central Asia, known as basmachi, waged a war against Bolshevik armies in a futile attempt to maintain independence. The Bolsheviks prevailed after a four-year war, in which mosques and villages were burned down and the population heavily suppressed. Soviet authorities started a campaign of secularization, practicing Islam, Judaism, and Christianity was discouraged and repressed, and many mosques, churches, and synagogues were closed. As a consequence of the conflict and Soviet agriculture policies, Central Asia, Tajikistan included, suffered a famine that claimed many lives.

Q1: Who went to war against Bolshevick armies?
A1: guerrillas throughout Central Asia, known as basmachi
Q2: What did they go to war against Bolshevick?
A2: to maintain independence
Q3: Who won the war?
A3: The Bolsheviks
Q4: What religions were discourages so their places of worship were closed?
A4: Islam, Judaism, and Christianity
Hellenistic_period (History)

After the Seleucid defeat at the Battle of Magnesia in 190 BC, the kings of Sophene and Greater Armenia revolted and declared their independence, with Artaxias becoming the first king of the Artaxiad dynasty of Armenia in 188. During the reign of the Artaxiads, Armenia went through a period of hellenization. Numismatic evidence shows Greek artistic styles and the use of the Greek language. Some coins describe the Armenian kings as "Philhellenes". During the reign of Tigranes the Great (95–55 BC), the kingdom of Armenia reached its greatest extent, containing many Greek cities including the entire Syrian tetrapolis. Cleopatra, the wife of Tigranes the Great, invited Greeks such as the rhetor Amphicrates and the historian Metrodorus of Scepsis to the Armenian court, and - according to Plutarch - when the Roman general Lucullus seized the Armenian capital Tigranocerta, he found a troupe of Greek actors who had arrived to perform plays for Tigranes. Tigranes' successor Artavasdes II even composed Greek tragedies himself.

Q1: When did the Seleucid defeat the Battle of Magnesia?
A1: 190 BC
Q2: Who was the first king of Artaxiad dynasty of Armenia?
A2: Artaxias
Q3: Artaxian coins called some Armenian kings what?
A3: Philhellenes
Q4: What years did Tigranes the Great reign?
A4: 95–55 BC
Q5: Which Tigranes successor composed Greek tragedies?
A5: Artavasdes II
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States (History)

After the September 2011 execution of Troy Davis, believed by many to be innocent, Richard Dieter, the director of the Death Penalty Information Center, said this case was a clear wake-up call to politicians across the United States. He said: "They weren't expecting such passion from people in opposition to the death penalty. There's a widely held perception that all Americans are united in favor of executions, but this message came across loud and clear that many people are not happy with it." Brian Evans of Amnesty International, which led the campaign to spare Davis's life, said that there was a groundswell in America of people "who are tired of a justice system that is inhumane and inflexible and allows executions where there is clear doubts about guilt". He predicted the debate would now be conducted with renewed energy.

Q1: In what month and year was Troy Davis executed?
A1: September 2011
Q2: Who was the Death Penalty Information Center director?
A2: Richard Dieter
Q3: What organization did Brian Evans work for?
A3: Amnesty International
Dwight_D._Eisenhower (History)

After the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite in 1957, Eisenhower authorized the establishment of NASA, which led to the space race. During the Suez Crisis of 1956, Eisenhower condemned the Israeli, British and French invasion of Egypt, and forced them to withdraw. He also condemned the Soviet invasion during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 but took no action. In 1958, Eisenhower sent 15,000 U.S. troops to Lebanon to prevent the pro-Western government from falling to a Nasser-inspired revolution. Near the end of his term, his efforts to set up a summit meeting with the Soviets collapsed because of the U-2 incident. In his January 17, 1961 farewell address to the nation, Eisenhower expressed his concerns about the dangers of massive military spending, particularly deficit spending and government contracts to private military manufacturers, and coined the term "military–industrial complex".

Q1: In what year did the Soviets launch humanity's first artificial satellite?
A1: 1957
Q2: What organization did Eisenhower support after the Soviets launched the first artificial satellite?
A2: NASA
Q3: Along with Israel, what countries' armies invaded Egypt in 1956?
A3: British and French
Q4: Where did Eisenhower send 15,000 military personnel in 1958?
A4: Lebanon
Q5: On what date did Eisenhower deliver his presidential farewell address?
A5: January 17, 1961
North_Carolina (Geography and places)

After the Spanish in the 16th century, the first permanent European settlers of North Carolina were English colonists who migrated south from Virginia. The latter had grown rapidly and land was less available. Nathaniel Batts was documented as one of the first of these Virginian migrants. He settled south of the Chowan River and east of the Great Dismal Swamp in 1655. By 1663, this northeastern area of the Province of Carolina, known as the Albemarle Settlements, was undergoing full-scale English settlement. During the same period, the English monarch Charles II gave the province to the Lords Proprietors, a group of noblemen who had helped restore Charles to the throne in 1660. The new province of "Carolina" was named in honor and memory of King Charles I (Latin: Carolus). In 1712, North Carolina became a separate colony. Except for the Earl Granville holdings, it became a royal colony seventeen years later. A large revolt happened in the state in 1711 known as Cary's Rebellion.

Q1: After the Spanish, who were the first Europeans to settle North Carolina?
A1: English colonists
Q2: Where did the English colonists that settle North carolina come from?
A2: Virginia
Q3: The English colonist  left virginia because of what issue with the land there?
A3: less available
Q4: Who was one of the first Virginian migrants to reach the carolinas?
A4: Nathaniel Batts
Q5: What year did Nathaniel Battes settle in North Carolina?
A5: 1655
Palermo (Unknown)

After the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), Sicily was handed over to the Savoia, but by 1734 it was again a Bourbon possession. Charles III chose Palermo for his coronation as King of Sicily. Charles had new houses built for the growing population, while trade and industry grew as well. However, by now Palermo was now just another provincial city as the Royal Court resided in Naples. Charles' son Ferdinand, though disliked by the population, took refuge in Palermo after the French Revolution in 1798. His son Alberto died on the way to Palermo and is buried in the city. When the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was founded, the original capital city was Palermo (1816) but a year later moved to Naples.

Q1: After what treaty did Savoia gain control of Italy?
A1: Treaty of Utrecht (1713)
Q2: For what event did Charles III choose Sicily as the location?
A2: his coronation
Q3: Where did the Royal Court reside?
A3: Naples
Q4: Where did the capital city move in 1817?
A4: Naples
Q5: Whose son died on the way to Palermo and is buried there?
A5: Charles III
Muammar_Gaddafi (History)

After the U.S. accused Libya of orchestrating the 1986 Berlin discotheque bombing, in which two American soldiers died, Reagan decided to retaliate militarily. The Central Intelligence Agency were critical of the move, believing that Syria were a greater threat and that an attack would strengthen Gaddafi's reputation; however Libya was recognised as a "soft target." Reagan was supported by the U.K. but opposed by other European allies, who argued that it would contravene international law. In Operation El Dorado Canyon, orchestrated on 15 April 1986, U.S. military planes launched a series of air-strikes on Libya, bombing military installations in various parts of the country, killing around 100 Libyans, including several civilians. One of the targets had been Gaddafi's home. Himself unharmed, two of Gaddafi's sons were injured, and he claimed that his four-year-old adopted daughter Hanna was killed, although her existence has since been questioned.  In the immediate aftermath, Gaddafi retreated to the desert to meditate, while there were sporadic clashes between Gaddafists and army officers who wanted to overthrow the government. Although the U.S. was condemned internationally, Reagan received a popularity boost at home. Publicly lambasting U.S. imperialism, Gaddafi's reputation as an anti-imperialist was strengthened both domestically and across the Arab world, and in June 1986, he ordered the names of the month to be changed in Libya.

Q1: About how many Libyans died in Operation El Dorado Canyon?
A1: 100
Q2: What terrorist attack did the United States claim Libya supported?
A2: 1986 Berlin discotheque bombing
Q3: How many Americans died in the Berlin disco bombing of 1986?
A3: two
Q4: What country did the CIA believe Reagan should attack instead of Libya?
A4: Syria
Q5: What was the name of Gaddafi's daughter who may not have existed?
A5: Hanna
Szlachta (History)

After the Union of Horodło the Lithuanian nobility acquired equal status with the Polish szlachta, and over time began to become more and more polonized, although they did preserve their national consciousness, and in most cases recognition of their Lithuanian family roots. In the 16th century some of the Lithuanian nobility claimed that they were of Roman extraction, and the Lithuanian language was just a morphed Latin language. This led to paradox: Polish nobility claimed own ancestry from Sarmatian tribes, but Sarmatians were considered enemies to Romans. Thus new Roman-Sarmatian theory was created. Strong cultural ties with Polish nobility led that in the 16th century the new term to name Lithuanian nobility appeared šlėkta—a direct loanword from Polish szlachta. From the view of historical truth Lithuanians also should use this term, šlėkta (szlachta), to name own nobility, but Lithuanian linguists forbade the usage of this Polish loanword. This refusal to use word szlachta (in Lithuanian text šlėkta) complicates all naming.

Q1: What other group had equal status with the lithuanian nobility?
A1: Polish szlachta
Q2: What did the polish szlachta become more of?
A2: polonized
Q3: What did some lithuanian nobility claim that caused a paradox?
A3: they were of Roman extraction
Q4: What is the new term used for the lithuanian nobility?
A4: šlėkta
Q5: Who forbid the use of the word slekta?
A5: Lithuanian linguists
Neptune (Natural sciences)

After the Voyager 2 flyby mission, the next step in scientific exploration of the Neptunian system, is considered to be a Flagship orbital mission. Such a hypothetical mission is envisioned to be possible at in the late 2020s or early 2030s. However, there have been a couple of discussions to launch Neptune missions sooner. In 2003, there was a proposal in NASA's "Vision Missions Studies" for a "Neptune Orbiter with Probes" mission that does Cassini-level science. Another, more recent proposal was for Argo, a flyby spacecraft to be launched in 2019, that would visit Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and a Kuiper belt object. The focus would be on Neptune and its largest moon Triton to be investigated around 2029. The proposed New Horizons 2 mission (which was later scrapped) might also have done a close flyby of the Neptunian system.

Q1: When is the next hypothetical mission to Neptune?
A1: late 2020s
Q2: What about Neptune did NASA propose in 2003 in their "Vision Missions Studies"?
A2: Neptune Orbiter with Probes
Q3: When will Argo be launched?
A3: 2019
Q4: What will Argo visit?
A4: Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and a Kuiper belt object
Q5: When can we expect Argo to visit Triton?
A5: 2029
Association_football (History)

After the World Cup, the most important international football competitions are the continental championships, which are organised by each continental confederation and contested between national teams. These are the European Championship (UEFA), the Copa América (CONMEBOL), African Cup of Nations (CAF), the Asian Cup (AFC), the CONCACAF Gold Cup (CONCACAF) and the OFC Nations Cup (OFC). The FIFA Confederations Cup is contested by the winners of all six continental championships, the current FIFA World Cup champions and the country which is hosting the Confederations Cup. This is generally regarded as a warm-up tournament for the upcoming FIFA World Cup and does not carry the same prestige as the World Cup itself. The most prestigious competitions in club football are the respective continental championships, which are generally contested between national champions, for example the UEFA Champions League in Europe and the Copa Libertadores in South America. The winners of each continental competition contest the FIFA Club World Cup.

Q1: What does UEFA Stand for?
A1: European Championship
Q2: The FIFA Confederations Cups is usually considered a warm-up for what?
A2: FIFA World Cup
Q3: What do winners of the continental competition get to do?
A3: contest the FIFA Club World Cup
Q4: What does CAF stand for?
A4: African Cup of Nations
Tibet (Geography and places)

After the Xinhai Revolution (1911–12) toppled the Qing dynasty and the last Qing troops were escorted out of Tibet, the new Republic of China apologized for the actions of the Qing and offered to restore the Dalai Lama's title. The Dalai Lama refused any Chinese title and declared himself ruler of an independent Tibet. In 1913, Tibet and Mongolia concluded a treaty of mutual recognition. For the next 36 years, the 13th Dalai Lama and the regents who succeeded him governed Tibet. During this time, Tibet fought Chinese warlords for control of the ethnically Tibetan areas in Xikang and Qinghai (parts of Kham and Amdo) along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In 1914 the Tibetan government signed the Simla Accord with Britain, ceding the South Tibet region to British India. The Chinese government denounced the agreement as illegal.

Q1: When did the Xinhai Revolution topple the Qing dynasty?
A1: 1911–12
Q2: Who declared himself ruler of an independent Tibet?
A2: Dalai Lama
Q3: When did Tibet and Mongolia conclude a treaty of mutual recognition?
A3: 1913
Q4: When did the Tibetan government sign the Simla Accord with Britain?
A4: 1914
Q5: Why did the Chinese goverment denounce the accord?
A5: illegal
Umayyad_Caliphate (History)

After the assassination of Uthman in 656, Ali, a member of the Quraysh tribe and the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was elected as the caliph. He soon met with resistance from several factions, owing to his relative political inexperience. Ali moved his capital from Medina to Kufa. The resulting conflict, which lasted from 656 until 661, is known as the First Fitna ("civil war"). Muawiyah I, the governor of Syria, a relative of Uthman ibn al-Affan and Marwan I, wanted the culprits arrested. Marwan I manipulated everyone and created conflict. Aisha, the wife of Muhammad, and Talhah and Al-Zubayr, two of the companions of Muhammad, went to Basra to tell Ali to arrest the culprits who murdered Uthman. Marwan I and other people who wanted conflict manipulated everyone to fight. The two sides clashed at the Battle of the Camel in 656, where Ali won a decisive victory.

Q1: When did Uthman die?
A1: 656
Q2: What tribe did Ali belong to?
A2: Quraysh
Q3: Along with being his cousin, what relationship did Ali have to Muhammad?
A3: son-in-law
Q4: Where was the capital before Ali changed it?
A4: Medina
Q5: What does Fitna mean?
A5: civil war
Roman_Republic (History)

After the assassination, Mark Antony formed an alliance with Caesar's adopted son and great-nephew, Gaius Octavian. Along with Marcus Lepidus, they formed an alliance known as the Second Triumvirate. They held powers that were nearly identical to the powers that Caesar had held under his constitution. As such, the Senate and assemblies remained powerless, even after Caesar had been assassinated. The conspirators were then defeated at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC. Eventually, however, Antony and Octavian fought against each other in one last battle. Antony was defeated in the naval Battle of Actium in 31 BC, and he committed suicide with his lover, Cleopatra. In 29 BC, Octavian returned to Rome as the unchallenged master of the Empire and later accepted the title of Augustus ("Exalted One"). He was convinced that only a single strong ruler could restore order in Rome.

Q1: Who was soon allied with Caesar's adopted son following his death?
A1: Mark Antony
Q2: In what year did the Battle of Philippi end?
A2: 42 BC
Q3: How did Mark Antony die?
A3: he committed suicide
Q4: What was the alliance that was formed with Marcus Lepidus named?
A4: the Second Triumvirate
Q5: In what battle did Mark Antony see defeat?
A5: Battle of Actium