LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Memory (Social sciences and society)

One of the key concerns of older adults is the experience of memory loss, especially as it is one of the hallmark symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. However, memory loss is qualitatively different in normal aging from the kind of memory loss associated with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's (Budson & Price, 2005). Research has revealed that individuals’ performance on memory tasks that rely on frontal regions declines with age. Older adults tend to exhibit deficits on tasks that involve knowing the temporal order in which they learned information; source memory tasks that require them to remember the specific circumstances or context in which they learned information; and prospective memory tasks that involve remembering to perform an act at a future time. Older adults can manage their problems with prospective memory by using appointment books, for example.

Q1: What do most elderly people worry about?
A1: memory loss,
Q2: Is an eldery person with alzheimers having the same problem as a similar aged person experiencing memory loss?
A2: memory loss is qualitatively different
Q3: Which part of the brain is associated with the memory loss an elderly person suffers?
A3: frontal regions
Q4: Which memory is an elderly person helping by using appointment books?
A4: prospective memory
Arena_Football_League (Sports and recreation)

One of the league's early success stories was the Detroit Drive. A primary team for some of the AFL's most highly regarded players, including George LaFrance and Gary and Alvin Rettig, as well as being a second career chance for quarterback Art Schlichter, the Drive regularly played before sold out crowds at Joe Louis Arena, and went to the ArenaBowl every year of their existence (1988–1993). The AFL's first dynasty came to an end when their owner, Mike Ilitch (who also owned Little Caesars Pizza and the Detroit Red Wings) bought the Detroit Tigers baseball team and sold the AFL team.

Q1: What team did Art Schlichter play for?
A1: Detroit Drive
Q2: Where did the Detroit Drive play their home games?
A2: Joe Louis Arena
Q3: In what year did the Drive go to their first Arena Bowl?
A3: 1988
Q4: Who owned the Detroit Drive in this period?
A4: Mike Ilitch
Q5: What team did the owner of the Detroit Drive buy that led him to sell the Drive?
A5: Detroit Tigers
University_of_Notre_Dame (Geography and places)

One of the main driving forces in the growth of the University was its football team, the Notre Dame Fighting Irish. Knute Rockne became head coach in 1918. Under Rockne, the Irish would post a record of 105 wins, 12 losses, and five ties. During his 13 years the Irish won three national championships, had five undefeated seasons, won the Rose Bowl in 1925, and produced players such as George Gipp and the "Four Horsemen". Knute Rockne has the highest winning percentage (.881) in NCAA Division I/FBS football history. Rockne's offenses employed the Notre Dame Box and his defenses ran a 7–2–2 scheme. The last game Rockne coached was on December 14, 1930 when he led a group of Notre Dame all-stars against the New York Giants in New York City.

Q1: The Notre Dame football team got a new head coach in 1918, who was it?
A1: Knute Rockne
Q2: What was the amount of wins Knute Rockne attained at Notre Dame while head coach?
A2: 105
Q3: How many years was Knute Rockne head coach at Notre Dame?
A3: 13
Q4: How many national titles were won when Knute Rockne coached at Notre Dame?
A4: three
Q5: In what year did the team lead by Knute Rockne win the Rose Bowl?
A5: 1925
Middle_Ages (History)

One of the major developments in the military sphere during the Late Middle Ages was the increased use of infantry and light cavalry. The English also employed longbowmen, but other countries were unable to create similar forces with the same success. Armour continued to advance, spurred by the increasing power of crossbows, and plate armour was developed to protect soldiers from crossbows as well as the hand-held guns that were developed. Pole arms reached new prominence with the development of the Flemish and Swiss infantry armed with pikes and other long spears.

Q1: Along with light cavalry, what military arm was used with increasing frequency in the Late Middle Ages?
A1: infantry
Q2: What troops were uniquely successful in English service?
A2: longbowmen
Q3: What influenced the increasing development of armor?
A3: the increasing power of crossbows
Q4: What weapons were notably employed by the Swiss infantry?
A4: pikes
Q5: Along with crossbows, what was plate armor designed to defend against?
A5: hand-held guns
American_Idol (Music)

One of the more prominent contestants this year was Chris Medina, whose story of caring for his brain-damaged fiancée received widespread coverage. Medina was cut in the Top 40 round. Casey Abrams, who suffers from ulcerative colitis, was hospitalized twice and missed the Top 13 result show. The judges used their one save on Abrams on the Top 11, and as a result this was the first season that 11 finalists went on tour instead of 10. In the following week, Naima Adedapo and Thia Megia were both eliminated the following week.

Q1: Which contestant had a fiancé that had suffered brain damage?
A1: Chris Medina
Q2: In which round was Chris Medina eliminated n season ten of American Idol?
A2: Top 40
Q3: Which season ten contestant was in the hospital instead of at the Top 13 results show?
A3: Casey Abrams
Q4: Which contestants did the judges save on season ten of American Idol?
A4: Casey Abrams
Q5: Which contestant cared for his brain-damaged fiancee?
A5: Chris Medina
Q6: When was Medina eliminated from the competition?
A6: Top 40 round
Q7: Which contestant suffered from ulcerative colitis?
A7: Casey Abrams
Q8: Which show did Abrams miss because he was in the hospital?
A8: Top 13 result show
Oklahoma_City (Geography and places)

One of the more prominent landmarks downtown is the Crystal Bridge at the Myriad Botanical Gardens, a large downtown urban park. Designed by I. M. Pei, the Crystal Bridge is a tropical conservatory in the area. The park has an amphitheater, known as the Water Stage. In 2007, following a renovation of the stage, Oklahoma Shakespeare in the Park relocated to the Myriad Gardens. The Myriad Gardens will undergo a massive renovation in conjunction with the recently built Devon Tower directly north of it.

Q1: Who designed the bridge?
A1: I. M. Pei
Q2: What is the name of the amphitheater located inside the Botanical Gardens?
A2: Water Stage
Chinese_characters (Language and literature)

One of the most complex characters found in modern Chinese dictionaries[g] is 齉 (U+9F49) (nàng,  listen (help·info), pictured below, middle image), meaning "snuffle" (that is, a pronunciation marred by a blocked nose), with "just" thirty-six strokes. However, this is not in common use. The most complex character that can be input using the Microsoft New Phonetic IME 2002a for traditional Chinese is 龘 (dá, "the appearance of a dragon flying"). It is composed of the dragon radical represented three times, for a total of 16 × 3 = 48 strokes. Among the most complex characters in modern dictionaries and also in frequent modern use are 籲 (yù, "to implore"), with 32 strokes; 鬱 (yù, "luxuriant, lush; gloomy"), with 29 strokes, as in 憂鬱 (yōuyù, "depressed"); 豔 (yàn, "colorful"), with 28 strokes; and 釁 (xìn, "quarrel"), with 25 strokes, as in 挑釁 (tiǎoxìn, "to pick a fight"). Also in occasional modern use is 鱻 (xiān "fresh"; variant of 鮮 xiān) with 33 strokes.

Q1: What is one of the most complex characters in modern Chinese dictionaries?
A1: U+9F49
Q2: What features 33 strokes?
A2: xiān
Q3: What are among the most complex characters in modern dictionaries? 
A3: yù
Age_of_Enlightenment (Philosophy and religion)

One of the most important developments that the Enlightenment era brought to the discipline of science was its popularization. An increasingly literate population seeking knowledge and education in both the arts and the sciences drove the expansion of print culture and the dissemination of scientific learning. The new literate population was due to a high rise in the availability of food. This enabled many people to rise out of poverty, and instead of paying more for food, they had money for education. Popularization was generally part of an overarching Enlightenment ideal that endeavoured "to make information available to the greatest number of people." As public interest in natural philosophy grew during the 18th century, public lecture courses and the publication of popular texts opened up new roads to money and fame for amateurs and scientists who remained on the periphery of universities and academies. More formal works included explanations of scientific theories for individuals lacking the educational background to comprehend the original scientific text. Sir Isaac Newton's celebrated Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica was published in Latin and remained inaccessible to readers without education in the classics until Enlightenment writers began to translate and analyze the text in the vernacular.

Q1: What caused an increasingly literate population to develop in the Enlightenment era?
A1: a high rise in the availability of food
Q2: Instead of paying more for food, on what did people spend their money?
A2: education
Q3: Which ideal endeavoured to make information available to the greatest number of people?
A3: Popularization
Q4: Who wrote the celebrated Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica?
A4: Sir Isaac Newton
Q5: Which work of Isaac Newton was published in Latin and remained inaccessible to readers without education until Enlightenment writers began to translate and analyze it in the vernacular?
A5: Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica
History_of_India (History)

One of the most important events of the 19th century was the rise of Indian nationalism, leading Indians to seek first "self-rule" and later "complete independence". However, historians are divided over the causes of its rise. Probable reasons include a "clash of interests of the Indian people with British interests", "racial discriminations", "the revelation of India's past", "inter-linking of the new social groups in different regions", and Indians coming in close contact with "European education".

Q1: What movement rose in the 19th century?
A1: Indian nationalism
Q2: What did Indian first want as government?
A2: self-rule
Q3: What did Indians finally begin to demand?
A3: complete independence
Q4: What feature of the nationalism movement is unknown?
A4: causes
Q5: What can only be listed without absolute firmness in the nationalism movement?
A5: Probable reasons
Szlachta (History)

One of the most important victories of the magnates was the late 16th century right to create ordynacja's (similar to majorats), which ensured that a family which gained wealth and power could more easily preserve this. Ordynacje's of families of Radziwiłł, Zamoyski, Potocki or Lubomirski often rivalled the estates of the king and were important power bases for the magnates.

Q1: The right to create ordynacja's was important to what group?
A1: magnates
Q2: When did the right to create ordynacja's happen?
A2: late 16th century
Q3: What did the right to create ordynacja's entail?
A3: ensured that a family which gained wealth and power could more easily preserve this
Q4: What did the powerful families do with the kings estates?
A4: often rivalled
Q5: What was an important power basis for the magnates?
A5: estates of the king
Political_philosophy (History)

One of the most influential works during this burgeoning period was Niccolò Machiavelli's The Prince, written between 1511–12 and published in 1532, after Machiavelli's death. That work, as well as The Discourses, a rigorous analysis of the classical period, did much to influence modern political thought in the West. A minority (including Jean-Jacques Rousseau) interpreted The Prince as a satire meant to be given to the Medici after their recapture of Florence and their subsequent expulsion of Machiavelli from Florence. Though the work was written for the di Medici family in order to perhaps influence them to free him from exile, Machiavelli supported the Republic of Florence rather than the oligarchy of the di Medici family. At any rate, Machiavelli presents a pragmatic and somewhat consequentialist view of politics, whereby good and evil are mere means used to bring about an end—i.e., the secure and powerful state. Thomas Hobbes, well known for his theory of the social contract, goes on to expand this view at the start of the 17th century during the English Renaissance. Although neither Machiavelli nor Hobbes believed in the divine right of kings, they both believed in the inherent selfishness of the individual. It was necessarily this belief that led them to adopt a strong central power as the only means of preventing the disintegration of the social order.

Q1: What was one of the most influential works during the period? 
A1: Niccolò Machiavelli's The Prince
Q2: When was Niccolo Machiavelli's The Prince published? 
A2: 1532
Q3: Who wrote The  Prince?
A3: Niccolò Machiavelli
Q4: Who was well known for his theory of the social contract?
A4: Thomas Hobbes
CBC_Television (History)

One of the most popular shows on CBC Television is the weekly Saturday night broadcast of NHL hockey games, Hockey Night in Canada. It has been televised by the network since 1952. During the NHL lockout and subsequent cancellation of the 2004-2005 hockey season, CBC instead aired various recent and classic movies, branded as Movie Night in Canada, on Saturday nights. Many cultural groups criticized this and suggested the CBC air games from minor hockey leagues; the CBC responded that most such broadcast rights were already held by other groups, but it did base each Movie Night broadcast from a different Canadian hockey venue. Other than hockey, CBC Sports properties include Toronto Raptors basketball, Toronto FC Soccer, and various other amateur and professional events.

Q1: What year did HNIC begin being broadcasted on CBC?
A1: 1952
Q2: What did CBC air during the NHL lockout?
A2: various recent and classic movies
Q3: What did CBC call it's movie showings during the NHL Lockout?
A3: Movie Night in Canada
Q4: On what nights does CBC generally reserve broadcasting for hockey?
A4: Saturday
Alaska (Geography and places)

One of the most prominent movies filmed in Alaska is MGM's Eskimo/Mala The Magnificent, starring Alaska Native Ray Mala. In 1932 an expedition set out from MGM's studios in Hollywood to Alaska to film what was then billed as "The Biggest Picture Ever Made." Upon arriving in Alaska, they set up "Camp Hollywood" in Northwest Alaska, where they lived during the duration of the filming. Louis B. Mayer spared no expense in spite of the remote location, going so far as to hire the chef from the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood to prepare meals.

Q1: Which Alaskan native starred in a film also set in Alaska?
A1: Ray Mala
Q2: Where did actors on the set of The Magnificent live during their stay in Alaska?
A2: "Camp Hollywood"
Q3: In what area of Alaska was Camp Hollywood located?
A3: Northwest
Q4: Which chef was hired to prepare meals for the actors in The Magnificent?
A4: from the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood
To_Kill_a_Mockingbird (Language and literature)

One of the most significant impacts To Kill a Mockingbird has had is Atticus Finch's model of integrity for the legal profession. As scholar Alice Petry explains, "Atticus has become something of a folk hero in legal circles and is treated almost as if he were an actual person." Morris Dees of the Southern Poverty Law Center cites Atticus Finch as the reason he became a lawyer, and Richard Matsch, the federal judge who presided over the Timothy McVeigh trial, counts Atticus as a major judicial influence. One law professor at the University of Notre Dame stated that the most influential textbook he taught from was To Kill a Mockingbird, and an article in the Michigan Law Review claims, "No real-life lawyer has done more for the self-image or public perception of the legal profession," before questioning whether, "Atticus Finch is a paragon of honor or an especially slick hired gun".

Q1: Atticus Finch's integrity has become a model for which job?
A1: lawyer
Q2: Atticus Finch is a model of what for legal professionals?
A2: integrity
Symbiosis (Natural sciences)

One of the most spectacular examples of obligate mutualism is between the siboglinid tube worms and symbiotic bacteria that live at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. The worm has no digestive tract and is wholly reliant on its internal symbionts for nutrition. The bacteria oxidize either hydrogen sulfide or methane, which the host supplies to them. These worms were discovered in the late 1980s at the hydrothermal vents near the Galapagos Islands and have since been found at deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in all of the world's oceans.

Q1: When were the worms found?
A1: the late 1980s
Q2: What does the bacteria give the worm?
A2: nutrition
Q3: What land is near the worms' first known location?
A3: the Galapagos Islands
Quran (Philosophy and religion)

One of the notable authors of esoteric interpretation prior to the 12th century is Sulami (d. 1021) without whose work the majority of very early Sufi commentaries would not have been preserved. Sulami's major commentary is a book named haqaiq al-tafsir ("Truths of Exegesis") which is a compilation of commentaries of earlier Sufis. From the 11th century onwards several other works appear, including commentaries by Qushayri (d. 1074), Daylami (d. 1193), Shirazi (d. 1209) and Suhrawardi (d. 1234). These works include material from Sulami's books plus the author's contributions. Many works are written in Persian such as the works of Maybudi (d. 1135) kash al-asrar ("the unveiling of the secrets"). Rumi (d. 1273) wrote a vast amount of mystical poetry in his book Mathnawi. Rumi makes heavy use of the Quran in his poetry, a feature that is sometimes omitted in translations of Rumi's work. A large number of Quranic passages can be found in Mathnawi, which some consider a kind of Sufi interpretation of the Quran. Rumi's book is not exceptional for containing citations from and elaboration on the Quran, however, Rumi does mention Quran more frequently. Simnani (d. 1336) wrote two influential works of esoteric exegesis on the Quran. He reconciled notions of God's manifestation through and in the physical world with the sentiments of Sunni Islam. Comprehensive Sufi commentaries appear in the 18th century such as the work of Ismail Hakki Bursevi (d. 1725). His work ruh al-Bayan (the Spirit of Elucidation) is a voluminous exegesis. Written in Arabic, it combines the author's own ideas with those of his predecessors (notably Ibn Arabi and Ghazali), all woven together in Hafiz, a Persian poetry form.

Q1: Who was an important esoteric interpreter of the Quran in the 11th century?
A1: Sulami
Q2: What is the English name of Sulami's major work?
A2: Truths of Exegesis
Q3: In which language did Maybudi write?
A3: Persian
Q4: In which year did the poet Rumi die?
A4: 1273
Q5: Which Sufi commentator wrote the Spirit of Elucidation?
A5: Ismail Hakki Bursevi
Boston (Geography and places)

One of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Upon American independence from Great Britain, the city continued to be an important port and manufacturing hub, as well as a center for education and culture. Through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the original peninsula. Its rich history attracts many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone drawing over 20 million visitors per year. Boston's many firsts include the United States' first public school, Boston Latin School (1635), and first subway system (1897).

Q1: What year was Boston founded?
A1: 1630
Q2: What is the name of the peninsula Boston was founded on?
A2: the Shawmut Peninsula
Q3: Bostons rich history attracts many what each year?
A3: tourists
Q4: The Faneuil Hall draws over how many tourists to Boston each year?
A4: 20 million
Institute_of_technology (Engineering and technology)

One of the oldest observatories in South America is the Quito Astronomical Observatory. Founded in 1873 and located 12 minutes south of the Equator in Quito, Ecuador. The Quito Astronomical Observatory is the National Observatory of Ecuador and is located in the Historic Center of Quito and is managed by the National Polytechnic School.

Q1: What observatory is the National Observatory of Ecuador?
A1: Quito Astronomical Observatory
Q2: What school oversees the Quito Astronomical Observatory?
A2: National Polytechnic School
Q3: When was the Quito Astronomical Observatory founded?
A3: 1873
The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) (History)

One of the paper's best known front pages, published on 4 May 1982, commemorated the torpedoing of the Argentine ship the General Belgrano by running the story under the headline "GOTCHA". At MacKenzie's insistence, and against the wishes of Murdoch (the mogul was present because almost all the journalists were on strike), the headline was changed for later editions after the extent of Argentinian casualties became known. John Shirley, a reporter for The Sunday Times, witnessed copies of this edition of The Sun being thrown overboard by sailors and marines on HMS Fearless.

Q1: What was the Sun's headline on 4 May 1982?
A1: "GOTCHA"
Q2: Which Argentine ship was torpedoed?
A2: the General Belgrano
Q3: Why did The Sun change the wording of the headline?
A3: the extent of Argentinian casualties became known
Q4: Which reporter saw copies of The Sun being thrown into the ocean?
A4: John Shirley
Q5: What ship were copies of The Sun thrown from?
A5: HMS Fearless
Age_of_Enlightenment (Philosophy and religion)

One of the primary elements of the culture of the Enlightenment was the rise of the public sphere, a "realm of communication marked by new arenas of debate, more open and accessible forms of urban public space and sociability, and an explosion of print culture," in the late 17th century and 18th century. Elements of the public sphere included: it was egalitarian, it discussed the domain of "common concern," and argument was founded on reason. Habermas uses the term "common concern" to describe those areas of political/social knowledge and discussion that were previously the exclusive territory of the state and religious authorities, now open to critical examination by the public sphere. The values of this bourgeois public sphere included holding reason to be supreme, considering everything to be open to criticism (the public sphere is critical), and the opposition of secrecy of all sorts.

Q1: How was the public sphere defined?
A1: realm of communication marked by new arenas of debate, more open and accessible forms of urban public space and sociability, and an explosion of print culture
Q2: During what centuries was the rise of the public sphere?
A2: late 17th century and 18th century
Q3: The argument of the public sphere was founded on what?
A3: reason
Q4: What term did Habermas give to describe the areas of political/social knowledge and discussion that were previously exlusive territory of the state and religious authorities?
A4: common concern
Q5: The values of the bourgeois public sphere included holding reason to the supreme, considering everything open to criticism, and the opposition of what?
A5: secrecy of all sorts