LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
History_of_India (History)

Most of the subcontinent was conquered by the Maurya Empire during the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE. From the 3rd century BC onwards Prakrit and Pali literature in the north and the Sangam literature in southern India started to flourish. Wootz steel originated in south India in the 3rd century BC and was exported to foreign countries. Various parts of India were ruled by numerous dynasties for the next 1,500 years, among which the Gupta Empire stands out. This period, witnessing a Hindu religious and intellectual resurgence, is known as the classical or "Golden Age of India". During this period, aspects of Indian civilization, administration, culture, and religion (Hinduism and Buddhism) spread to much of Asia, while kingdoms in southern India had maritime business links with the Roman Empire from around 77 CE. Indian cultural influence spread over many parts of Southeast Asia which led to the establishment of Indianized kingdoms in Southeast Asia (Greater India).

Q1: What empire conquered most of the subcontinent in the 3rd and 4th centuries BC?
A1: Maurya Empire
Q2: After the 3rd century BC, what style of literature grew in northern area of the subcontinent?
A2: Prakrit and Pali
Q3: What form of metal was developed and  exported from southern India?
A3: Wootz steel
Q4: What was the period following 3rd century BC and extending 1500 years called?
A4: Golden Age of India
Q5: What was the foremost dynasty of the the Golden Age period? 
A5: Gupta
Airport (Engineering and technology)

Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India.

Q1: How many commercial airports did the British Airports Authority originally operate?
A1: eight
Q2: What group took over the British Airports Authority in 2006?
A2: Spanish Ferrovial consortium
Q3: What group manages the Frankfurt Airport?
A3: Fraport
Q4: Who operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport?
A4: GMR Group
Institute_of_technology (Engineering and technology)

Most of these institutes award diplomas after three or three and a half years of education. The Institute of technology implementation (IUT from Instituto universitario de tecnologia on Spanish) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, capital city of Venezuela, called IUT. Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio adopted the French "Institut Universitaire de Technologie"s system, using French personnel and study system based on three-year periods, with research and engineering facilities at the same level as the main national universities to obtain French equivalent degrees. This IUT is the first and only one in Venezuela having French equivalent degrees accepted, implementing this system and observing the high-level degrees some other IUT's were created in Venezuela, regardless of this the term IUT was not used appropriately resulting in some institutions with mediocre quality and no equivalent degree in France. Later, some private institutions sprang up using IUT in their names, but they are not regulated by the original French system and award lower quality degrees.

Q1: What city in Venezuela had the first IUT?
A1: Caracas
Q2: Who pioneered using the French system of technological education?
A2: Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio
Brain (Natural sciences)

Most organisms studied to date utilize a reward–punishment mechanism: for instance, worms and insects can alter their behavior to seek food sources or to avoid dangers. In vertebrates, the reward-punishment system is implemented by a specific set of brain structures, at the heart of which lie the basal ganglia, a set of interconnected areas at the base of the forebrain. There is substantial evidence that the basal ganglia are the central site at which decisions are made: the basal ganglia exert a sustained inhibitory control over most of the motor systems in the brain; when this inhibition is released, a motor system is permitted to execute the action it is programmed to carry out. Rewards and punishments function by altering the relationship between the inputs that the basal ganglia receive and the decision-signals that are emitted. The reward mechanism is better understood than the punishment mechanism, because its role in drug abuse has caused it to be studied very intensively. Research has shown that the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a central role: addictive drugs such as cocaine, amphetamine, and nicotine either cause dopamine levels to rise or cause the effects of dopamine inside the brain to be enhanced.

Q1: A set of interconnected areas at the base of the forebrain is called what?
A1: basal ganglia
Q2: The basal ganglia is thought to be the central location at which what are made?
A2: decisions
Q3: Which neurotransmitter plays a large role in drug abuse?
A3: dopamine
Q4: Which of the two systems, reward or punishment is better understood?
A4: The reward mechanism
Prime_minister (Social sciences and society)

Most prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously in power until 1990, though she used the assembly of each House of Commons after a general election to reshuffle her cabinet.

Q1: Which prime minister was appointed only one time?
A1: Margaret Thatcher
Q2: When was Thatcher appointed prime minister?
A2: 1979
Q3: When did Thatcher last hold power?
A3: 1990
Q4: What did Margaret Thatcher reconfigure following each general election?
A4: cabinet
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration (History)

Most records at NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified. Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.

Q1: Most of NARA's holdings are available to sector?
A1: public domain
Q2: Federal government works are excluded from what legal protection?
A2: copyright
Q3: Some records at NARA are legally protected by what?
A3: copyright
Q4: What executive order directs agencies to declassify documents before sending them to NARA?
A4: Executive Order 13526
Q5: What office of NARA oversees the declassification of classified materials?
A5: Information Security Oversight Office
Saint_Helena (Geography and places)

Most residents belong to the Anglican Communion and are members of the Diocese of St Helena, which has its own bishop and includes Ascension Island. The 150th anniversary of the diocese was celebrated in June 2009.

Q1: What communion do most residents of the island belong to?
A1: Anglican
Q2: When was the 150th anniversary of the diocese celebrated?
A2: June 2009
Q3: Not only are most residents of the island members of the Anglican communion, but what else?
A3: the Diocese of St Helena
Q4: The Diocese of Saint Helena has it's own what?
A4: bishop
Samurai (Language and literature)

Most samurai were bound by a code of honor and were expected to set an example for those below them. A notable part of their code is seppuku (切腹, seppuku?) or hara kiri, which allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death, where samurai were still beholden to social rules. Whilst there are many romanticized characterizations of samurai behavior such as the writing of Bushido (武士道, Bushidō?) in 1905, studies of Kobudo and traditional Budō indicate that the samurai were as practical on the battlefield as were any other warrior.

Q1: What was a synonym for seppuku?
A1: hara kiri
Q2: What was the reason for seppuku?
A2: allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death
Q3: How idealistic were samurai?
A3: as practical on the battlefield as were any other warrior
Q4: How were samurai unrealistically portrayed?
A4: romanticized
Botany (Natural sciences)

Most sexually reproducing organisms are diploid, with paired chromosomes, but doubling of their chromosome number may occur due to errors in cytokinesis. This can occur early in development to produce an autopolyploid or partly autopolyploid organism, or during normal processes of cellular differentiation to produce some cell types that are polyploid (endopolyploidy), or during gamete formation. An allopolyploid plant may result from a hybridisation event between two different species. Both autopolyploid and allopolyploid plants can often reproduce normally, but may be unable to cross-breed successfully with the parent population because there is a mismatch in chromosome numbers. These plants that are reproductively isolated from the parent species but live within the same geographical area, may be sufficiently successful to form a new species. Some otherwise sterile plant polyploids can still reproduce vegetatively or by seed apomixis, forming clonal populations of identical individuals. Durum wheat is a fertile tetraploid allopolyploid, while bread wheat is a fertile hexaploid. The commercial banana is an example of a sterile, seedless triploid hybrid. Common dandelion is a triploid that produces viable seeds by apomictic seed.

Q1: What can cause the doubling of chromosome pairs?
A1: errors in cytokinesis
Q2: Are the plants produced by this error, able to reproduce?
A2: often reproduce normally
Q3: Can these plants cross breed with the parent population of plants?
A3: unable to cross-breed successfully
Q4: What happens to these new plants if they are able to reproduce?
A4: form a new species
Q5: What is a yellow example of a sterile,hybrid plant with no seeds?
A5: commercial banana
Clothing (Natural sciences)

Most sports and physical activities are practiced wearing special clothing, for practical, comfort or safety reasons. Common sportswear garments include shorts, T-shirts, tennis shirts, leotards, tracksuits, and trainers. Specialized garments include wet suits (for swimming, diving or surfing), salopettes (for skiing) and leotards (for gymnastics). Also, spandex materials are often used as base layers to soak up sweat. Spandex is also preferable for active sports that require form fitting garments, such as volleyball, wrestling, track & field, dance, gymnastics and swimming.

Q1: Safety reasons may be why someone wears this type of clothing.
A1: special
Q2: Leotards are an example of what type of garment?
A2: sportswear
Q3: What does spandex soak up?
A3: sweat
Q4: What's an example of a form fitting garment?
A4: Spandex
Q5: What type of sport is wrestling considered?
A5: active
Capacitor (Engineering and technology)

Most types of capacitor include a dielectric spacer, which increases their capacitance. These dielectrics are most often insulators. However, low capacitance devices are available with a vacuum between their plates, which allows extremely high voltage operation and low losses. Variable capacitors with their plates open to the atmosphere were commonly used in radio tuning circuits. Later designs use polymer foil dielectric between the moving and stationary plates, with no significant air space between them.

Q1: What do many capacitors contain that raises the capacitance?
A1: a dielectric spacer
Q2: What sort of dielectric is used in low capacitance devices?
A2: a vacuum
Q3: What sort of capacitors have traditionally been used in radio tuning circuits?
A3: Variable capacitors
Q4: How did the capacitor traditionally used in radio tuning circuits change over time? 
A4: use polymer foil dielectric between the moving and stationary plates
Q5: What did the later designs of capacitors used in radio tuning circuits no longer have?
A5: no significant air space
YouTube (Engineering and technology)

Most videos enable users to leave comments, and these have attracted attention for the negative aspects of both their form and content. In 2006, Time praised Web 2.0 for enabling "community and collaboration on a scale never seen before", and added that YouTube "harnesses the stupidity of crowds as well as its wisdom. Some of the comments on YouTube make you weep for the future of humanity just for the spelling alone, never mind the obscenity and the naked hatred". The Guardian in 2009 described users' comments on YouTube as:

Q1: Most videos enable users to do what
A1: leave comments
Q2: What has attracted negative attention about comments on youtube besides their content?
A2: their form
Q3: Time in 2006 wrote that youtube harnessed the wisdom and what else of humanity?
A3: stupidity
Q4: Which magazine wrote about youtube in a 2009 article on user comments?
A4: The Guardian
Q5: Some of the positive aspects of youtube might be that it provides what on a scale we've never seen before?
A5: community and collaboration
Web_browser (Engineering and technology)

Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmarks" and behave like a folder of bookmarks corresponding to recent entries in the feed. In Opera, a more traditional feed reader is included which stores and displays the contents of the feed.

Q1: A list of websites a user can click to get back to easy have been what by the user?
A1: bookmarked
Q2: What are "bookmarks" called in Internet Explorer?
A2: Favorites
Q3: The top browsers have a built-in what?
A3: feed aggregator
Q4: Firefox does web feeds as what?
A4: live bookmarks
Q5: The Opera feed reader is more what?
A5: traditional
Professional_wrestling (Sports and recreation)

Most wrestling matches last for a set number of falls, with the first side to achieve the majority number of pinfalls, submissions, or countouts being the winner. Historically, matches were wrestled to 3 falls ("best 2 out of 3") or 5 falls ("best 3 out of 5"). The standard for modern matches is one fall. However, even though it is now standard, many announcers will explicitly state this (e.g. "The following contest is set for one fall with a 20-minute time limit"). These matches are given a time limit; if not enough falls are scored by the end of the time limit, the match is declared a draw. Modern matches are generally given a 10- to 30-minute time limit for standard matches; title matches can go for up to one hour. British wrestling matches held under Admiral-Lord Mountevans rules are 2 out of 3 falls.

Q1: Who wins in a wrestling match?
A1: the first side to achieve the majority number of pinfalls, submissions, or countouts being the winner.
Q2: How could a wrestler win in the past?
A2: Historically, matches were wrestled to 3 falls ("best 2 out of 3") or 5 falls ("best 3 out of 5").
Q3: How can a wrestler win in modern times?
A3: The standard for modern matches is one fall.
Q4: In what instance will a match be declared a draw?
A4: if not enough falls are scored by the end of the time limit, the match is declared a draw.
Q5: How long can a title match be?
A5: title matches can go for up to one hour
Lighting (Engineering and technology)

Motion picture and television production use many of the same tools and methods of stage lighting. Especially in the early days of these industries, very high light levels were required and heat produced by lighting equipment presented substantial challenges. Modern cameras require less light, and modern light sources emit less heat.

Q1: Motion pictures employee the similar lighting techniques as which other form of lighting?
A1: stage lighting
Brain (Natural sciences)

Motor systems are areas of the brain that are directly or indirectly involved in producing body movements, that is, in activating muscles. Except for the muscles that control the eye, which are driven by nuclei in the midbrain, all the voluntary muscles in the body are directly innervated by motor neurons in the spinal cord and hindbrain. Spinal motor neurons are controlled both by neural circuits intrinsic to the spinal cord, and by inputs that descend from the brain. The intrinsic spinal circuits implement many reflex responses, and contain pattern generators for rhythmic movements such as walking or swimming. The descending connections from the brain allow for more sophisticated control.

Q1: What part of the body is controlled by nuclei in the midbrain?
A1: the eye,
Q2: All the muscles controlled by motor neurons in the body are controlled by what?
A2: spinal cord and hindbrain
Police (Social sciences and society)

Motorcycles are also commonly used, particularly in locations that a car may not be able to reach, to control potential public order situations involving meetings of motorcyclists and often in escort duties where motorcycle police officers can quickly clear a path for escorted vehicles. Bicycle patrols are used in some areas because they allow for more open interaction with the public. In addition, their quieter operation can facilitate approaching suspects unawares and can help in pursuing them attempting to escape on foot.

Q1: Why do some cops use bicycles to patrol?
A1: they allow for more open interaction with the public
Q2: How do bicycles help catch some suspects?
A2: their quieter operation can facilitate approaching suspects unawares and can help in pursuing them attempting to escape on foot
Q3: What do police use to control motorcyclist events?
A3: Motorcycles
Railway_electrification_system (Engineering and technology)

Motors have very little room for electrical insulation so they generally have low voltage ratings. Because transformers (prior to the development of power electronics) cannot step down DC voltages, trains were supplied with a relatively low DC voltage that the motors can use directly. The most common DC voltages are listed in the previous section. Third (and fourth) rail systems almost always use voltages below 1 kV for safety reasons while overhead wires usually use higher voltages for efficiency. ("Low" voltage is relative; even 600 V can be instantly lethal when touched.)

Q1: Why do motors have little space for insulation?
A1: low voltage ratings
Q2: What is most common volatage range used by railway system?
A2: below 1 kV
Q3: Why 1kV voltage is almost always used by rail systems?
A3: safety reasons
Q4: Which system uses higher voltages?
A4: overhead wires
Q5: Is "low" voltage used by trains safe for people?
A5: lethal
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Motorsport racecourses and events were banned in Switzerland following the 1955 Le Mans disaster with exception to events such as Hillclimbing. During this period, the country still produced successful racing drivers such as Clay Regazzoni, Sebastian Buemi, Jo Siffert, Dominique Aegerter, successful World Touring Car Championship driver Alain Menu, 2014 24 Hours of Le Mans winner Marcel Fässler and 2015 24 Hours Nürburgring winner Nico Müller. Switzerland also won the A1GP World Cup of Motorsport in 2007–08 with driver Neel Jani. Swiss motorcycle racer Thomas Lüthi won the 2005 MotoGP World Championship in the 125cc category. In June 2007 the Swiss National Council, one house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, voted to overturn the ban, however the other house, the Swiss Council of States rejected the change and the ban remains in place.

Q1: What was banned in Switzerland in 1955 after the Le Mans disaster?
A1: Motorsport racecourses and events
Q2: Who voted to overturn the ban on motorsport events in June 2007?
A2: Swiss National Council
Q3: Who rejected the  2007 vote to overturn the motorsport ban in Switzerland?
A3: Swiss Council of States
Q4: Which successful World Touring Car Championship driver was produced in Switzerland despite the ban on motorsport events?
A4: Alain Menu
Q5: Which Swiss motorcycle racer won the 2005 MotoGP World Championship in the 125cc category?
A5: Thomas Lüthi
Appalachian_Mountains (Geography and places)

Mountains of the Long Range in Newfoundland reach heights of nearly 3,000 ft (900 m). In the Chic-Choc and Notre Dame mountain ranges in Quebec, the higher summits rise to about 4,000 ft (1,200 m) elevation. Isolated peaks and small ranges in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick vary from 1,000 to 2,700 ft (300 to 800 m). In Maine several peaks exceed 4,000 ft (1,200 m), including Mount Katahdin at 5,267 feet (1,605 m). In New Hampshire, many summits rise above 5,000 ft (1,500 m), including Mount Washington in the White Mountains at 6,288 ft (1,917 m), Adams at 5,771 ft (1,759 m), Jefferson at 5,712 ft (1,741 m), Monroe at 5,380 ft (1,640 m), Madison at 5,367 ft (1,636 m), Lafayette at 5,249 feet (1,600 m), and Lincoln at 5,089 ft (1,551 m). In the Green Mountains the highest point, Mt. Mansfield, is 4,393 ft (1,339 m) in elevation; others include Killington Peak at 4,226 ft (1,288 m), Camel's Hump at 4,083 ft (1,244 m), Mt. Abraham at 4,006 ft (1,221 m), and a number of other heights exceeding 3,000 ft (900 m).

Q1: How tall are the mountains in Newfoundland?
A1: 3,000 ft
Q2: How tall are the mountains in Nova Scotia?
A2: vary from 1,000 to 2,700 ft
Q3: How tall are the mountains in Maine?
A3: exceed 4,000 ft
Q4: How tall are the mountains in New Hampshire?
A4: many summits rise above 5,000 ft
Muammar_Gaddafi (History)

Moving to reduce Italian influence, in October 1970 all Italian-owned assets were expropriated and the 12,000-strong Italian community expelled from Libya alongside a smaller number of Jews. The day became a national holiday. Aiming to reduce NATO power in the Mediterranean, in 1971 Libya requested that Malta cease to allow NATO to use its land for a military base, in turn offering them foreign aid. Compromising, Malta's government continued allowing NATO use of the island, but only on the condition that they would not use it for launching attacks on Arab territory. Orchestrating a military build-up, the RCC began purchasing weapons from France and the Soviet Union. The commercial relationship with the latter led to an increasingly strained relationship with the U.S., who were then engaged in the Cold War with the Soviets.

Q1: How many Italians lived in Libya prior to October of 1970?
A1: 12,000
Q2: In addition to Italians, what people were kicked out of Libya in 1970?
A2: Jews
Q3: Who did the RCC buy military equipment from?
A3: France and the Soviet Union
Q4: Who were the adversaries of the Soviets during the Cold War?
A4: U.S.
Q5: Who did Libya offer foreign aid to in 1971?
A5: Malta