LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Religion_in_ancient_Rome (History)

Public religion took place within a sacred precinct that had been marked out ritually by an augur. The original meaning of the Latin word templum was this sacred space, and only later referred to a building. Rome itself was an intrinsically sacred space; its ancient boundary (pomerium) had been marked by Romulus himself with oxen and plough; what lay within was the earthly home and protectorate of the gods of the state. In Rome, the central references for the establishment of an augural templum appear to have been the Via Sacra (Sacred Way) and the pomerium. Magistrates sought divine opinion of proposed official acts through an augur, who read the divine will through observations made within the templum before, during and after an act of sacrifice. Divine disapproval could arise through unfit sacrifice, errant rites (vitium) or an unacceptable plan of action. If an unfavourable sign was given, the magistrate could repeat the sacrifice until favourable signs were seen, consult with his augural colleagues, or abandon the project. Magistrates could use their right of augury (ius augurum) to adjourn and overturn the process of law, but were obliged to base their decision on the augur's observations and advice. For Cicero, himself an augur, this made the augur the most powerful authority in the Late Republic. By his time (mid 1st century BC) augury was supervised by the college of pontifices, whose powers were increasingly woven into the magistracies of the cursus honorum.

Q1: In what area did public rites take place in Rome?
A1: sacred precinct
Q2: What person marked the religious area ritually?
A2: augur
Q3: What was the original meaning of the templum in Latin?
A3: sacred space
Q4: Who designated the first boundary of Rome?
A4: Romulus
Q5: What did augers seek to understand through observances?
A5: divine will
Ann_Arbor,_Michigan (History)

Public schools are part of the Ann Arbor Public Schools (AAPS) district. AAPS has one of the country's leading music programs. In September 2008, 16,539 students had been enrolled in the Ann Arbor Public Schools. There were 21 elementary schools, five middle schools (Forsythe, Slauson, Tappan, Scarlett, and Clague) three traditional high schools (Pioneer, Huron, and Skyline), and three alternative high schools (Community High, Stone School, and Roberto Clemente) in the district. The district also operates a K-8 open school program, Ann Arbor Open School, out of the former Mack School. This program is open to all families who live within the district. Ann Arbor Public Schools also operates a preschool and family center, with programs for at-risk infants and children before kindergarten. The district has a preschool center with both free and tuition-based programs for preschoolers in the district.

Q1: Ann Arbor has one of the leading programs in what subject?
A1: music
Q2: What program is open to the residents of Ann arbor?
A2: Ann Arbor Open School
Q3: In 2008, how many were enrolled in public schools?
A3: 16,539
Raleigh,_North_Carolina (Geography and places)

Public schools in Raleigh are operated by the Wake County Public School System. Observers have praised the Wake County Public School System for its innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system by using income as a prime factor in assigning students to schools. Raleigh is home to three magnet high schools and three high schools offering the International Baccalaureate program. There are four early college high schools in Raleigh. Raleigh also has two alternative high schools.

Q1: Who operates the public schools in Raleigh?
A1: Wake County Public School System
Q2: What is the school system praised for?
A2: innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system
Q3: How many magnet schools are there in Raleigh?
A3: three
Q4: What type of degree can you get from a high school in Raleigh?
A4: International Baccalaureate
Q5: Does Raleigh have alternate high schools?
A5: Raleigh also has two alternative high schools.
New_York_City (Geography and places)

Public transport is essential in New York City. 54.6% of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005 using mass transit. This is in contrast to the rest of the United States, where about 90% of commuters drive automobiles to their workplace. According to the US Census Bureau, New York City residents spend an average of 38.4 minutes a day getting to work, the longest commute time in the nation among large cities. New York is the only US city in which a majority (52%) of households do not have a car; only 22% of Manhattanites own a car. Due to their high usage of mass transit, New Yorkers spend less of their household income on transportation than the national average, saving $19 billion annually on transportation compared to other urban Americans.

Q1: How many minutes does it take the average New Yorker to get to work?
A1: 38.4
Q2: What percentage of New Yorkers use public transportation to get to work?
A2: 54.6
Q3: What percentage of people living in Manhattan own a car?
A3: 22
Q4: In 2005, what percentage of New York residents used mass transit to get to work?
A4: 54.6%
Q5: What percentage of Americans drive cars to work?
A5: 90%
Q6: In minutes, how long does it take for the average New Yorker to get to work?
A6: 38.4
Q7: What percentage of New York households don't own an automobile?
A7: 52%
Q8: What percentage of Manhattan residents own an automobile?
A8: 22%
Valencia (Geography and places)

Public transport is provided by the Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana (FGV), which operates the Metrovalencia and other rail and bus services. The Estació del Nord (North Station) is the main railway terminus in Valencia. A new temporary station, Estación de València-Joaquín Sorolla, has been built on land adjacent to this terminus to accommodate high speed AVE trains to and from Madrid, Barcelona, Seville and Alicante. Valencia Airport is situated 9 km (5.6 mi) west of Valencia city centre. Alicante Airport is situated about 170 km (110 mi) south of Valencia.

Q1: What airport is closest to Valencia?
A1: Valencia Airport
Q2: What airport is south of Valencia?
A2: Alicante Airport
Q3: What is the main train station in Valencia?
A3: Estació del Nord
Q4: What group runs Valencia's public transit?
A4: Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana
Q5: What station in Valencia was built for high-speed trains?
A5: Estación de València-Joaquín Sorolla
Virgil (Language and literature)

Publius Vergilius Maro (Classical Latin: [ˈpuː.blɪ.ʊs wɛrˈɡɪ.lɪ.ʊs ˈma.roː]; October 15, 70 BC – September 21, 19 BC), usually called Virgil or Vergil /ˈvɜːrdʒᵻl/ in English, was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He is known for three major works of Latin literature, the Eclogues (or Bucolics), the Georgics, and the epic Aeneid. A number of minor poems, collected in the Appendix Vergiliana, are sometimes attributed to him.

Q1: During which period was Vigil a poet?
A1: Augustan
Q2: How many major works of literature is Virgil known for?
A2: three
Q3: Which major Latin epic is Virgil known for?
A3: Aeneid
Q4: What is Virgil's full name?
A4: Publius Vergilius Maro
Q5: Which collection of minor poems are sometimes attributed to Virgil?
A5: Appendix Vergiliana
Pub (History)

Pubs may be venues for pub songs and live music. During the 1970s pubs provided an outlet for a number of bands, such as Kilburn and the High Roads, Dr. Feelgood and The Kursaal Flyers, who formed a musical genre called Pub rock that was a precursor to Punk music.

Q1: Dr. Feelgood and the Kursaal Flyers are examples of bands from what genre of music?
A1: Pub rock
Q2: What genre of music was influenced by pub rock?
A2: Punk music
Q3: In what decade was Pub rock popular?
A3: the 1970s
Pub (History)

Pubs often have traditional names. A common name is the "Marquis of Granby". These pubs were named after John Manners, Marquess of Granby, who was the son of John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland and a general in the 18th century British Army. He showed a great concern for the welfare of his men, and on their retirement, provided funds for many of them to establish taverns, which were subsequently named after him. All pubs granted their licence in 1780 were called the Royal George[citation needed], after King George III, and the twentieth anniversary of his coronation.

Q1: After whom was the Marquis of Granby pub named?
A1: John Manners, Marquess of Granby
Q2: Who was the father of John Manners, Marquess of Granby?
A2: John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland
Q3: What was the military rank of the 3rd Duke of Rutland?
A3: general
Q4: In what century did the 3rd Duke of Rutland live?
A4: 18th
Q5: What were pubs licensed in 1780 named?
A5: the Royal George
Pub (History)

Pubs that cater for a niche clientele, such as sports fans or people of certain nationalities are known as theme pubs. Examples of theme pubs include sports bars, rock pubs, biker pubs, Goth pubs, strip pubs, gay bars, karaoke bars and Irish pubs.

Q1: What is a blanket term for pubs that, for example, cater to sports fans?
A1: theme pubs
Q2: What is an example of a theme pub that caters to people of a certain nationality?
A2: Irish pubs
Q3: What is an example of a theme pub that caters to people with certain musical interests?
A3: rock pubs
Q4: What sort of theme pub would be likely to feature strippers?
A4: strip pubs
Q5: In what sort of theme pub could one find visitors singing with musical accompaniment?
A5: karaoke bars
Pub (History)

Pubs within a chain will usually have items in common, such as fittings, promotions, ambience and range of food and drink on offer. A pub chain will position itself in the marketplace for a target audience. One company may run several pub chains aimed at different segments of the market. Pubs for use in a chain are bought and sold in large units, often from regional breweries which are then closed down. Newly acquired pubs are often renamed by the new owners, and many people resent the loss of traditional names, especially if their favourite regional beer disappears at the same time.

Q1: When a pub is bought by a new owner, what often happens to them?
A1: renamed
Q2: What often happens to regional breweries after they sell their pubs?
A2: closed down
51st_state (Language and literature)

Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). On December 11, 2012, Puerto Rico's legislature resolved to request that the President and the U.S. Congress act on the results, end the current form of territorial status and begin the process of admitting Puerto Rico to the Union as a state.

Q1: What country has been regarded as a potential new addition to the United States?
A1: Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States
Q2: What percentage of voters expressed dissatisfaction with their current political relationship?
A2: 54%
Q3: What percentage of voters supported statehood?
A3: 61%
Q4: When did Puerto Rico resolve to request that the United States act on these results?
A4: December 11, 2012
Q5: What would be an ideal reaction from the United States, according to Puerto Rico?
A5: end the current form of territorial status and begin the process of admitting Puerto Rico to the Union as a state
Q6: What territory has been suggested as a new addition to the United States?
A6: Puerto Rico
Q7: What percentages of voters expressed unhappiness with the current political relationship between the U.S. and Puerto Rico?
A7: 54%
Q8: When did the legislature of Puerto Rico request that they be considered for statehood?
A8: December 11, 2012
51st_state (Language and literature)

Puerto Rico has been under U.S. sovereignty for over a century when it was ceded to the U.S. by Spain following the end of the Spanish–American War, and Puerto Ricans have been U.S. citizens since 1917. The island's ultimate status has not been determined as of 2012[update], its residents do not have voting representation in their federal government. Puerto Rico has limited representation in the U.S. Congress in the form of a Resident Commissioner, a delegate with limited no voting rights. Like the states, Puerto Rico has self-rule, a republican form of government organized pursuant to a constitution adopted by its people, and a bill of rights.

Q1: In the aftermath of which war was the U.S. granted Puerto Rico?
A1: Spanish–American War
Q2: What country handed over Puerto Rico to the US?
A2: Spain
Q3: How long have Puerto Ricans been U.S. citizens?
A3: since 1917
Q4: What form of government do the Puerto Ricans have?
A4: republican
51st_state (Language and literature)

Puerto Rico is designated in its constitution as the "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico". The Constitution of Puerto Rico which became effective in 1952 adopted the name of Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as "Free Associated State"), officially translated into English as Commonwealth, for its body politic. The island is under the jurisdiction of the Territorial Clause of the U.S. Constitution, which has led to doubts about the finality of the Commonwealth status for Puerto Rico. In addition, all people born in Puerto Rico become citizens of the U.S. at birth (under provisions of the Jones–Shafroth Act in 1917), but citizens residing in Puerto Rico cannot vote for president nor for full members of either house of Congress. Statehood would grant island residents full voting rights at the Federal level. The Puerto Rico Democracy Act (H.R. 2499) was approved on April 29, 2010, by the United States House of Representatives 223–169, but was not approved by the Senate before the end of the 111th Congress. It would have provided for a federally sanctioned self-determination process for the people of Puerto Rico. This act would provide for referendums to be held in Puerto Rico to determine the island's ultimate political status. It had also been introduced in 2007.

Q1: How is Puerto Rico designated in its constitution?
A1: Commonwealth of Puerto Rico
Q2: What title does the country have?
A2: Estado Libre Asociado (literally translated as "Free Associated State")
Q3: What is the island under jurisdiction of?
A3: Territorial Clause of the U.S. Constitution
Q4: What act was approved on April 29th, 2010?
A4: The Puerto Rico Democracy Act (H.R. 2499)
Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States (History)

Puerto Rico's constitution expressly forbids capital punishment, stating "The death penalty shall not exist", setting it apart from all U.S. states and territories other than Michigan, which also has a constitutional prohibition (eleven other states and the District of Columbia have abolished capital punishment through statutory law). However, capital punishment is still applicable to offenses committed in Puerto Rico, if they fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government, though federal death penalty prosecutions there have generated significant controversy.

Q1: What territory's constitution says "The death penalty shall not exist"?
A1: Puerto Rico's
Q2: What US state prohibits the death penalty in its constitution?
A2: Michigan
Q3: How many US states have passed laws outlawing the death penalty?
A3: eleven
Q4: Under what jurisdiction can capital offenses still be committed in Puerto Rico?
A4: federal
Solar_energy (Natural sciences)

Pumped-storage hydroelectricity stores energy in the form of water pumped when energy is available from a lower elevation reservoir to a higher elevation one. The energy is recovered when demand is high by releasing the water, with the pump becoming a hydroelectric power generator.

Q1: When water is released due to high demand, the pump become swhat?
A1: a hydroelectric power generator
Q2: Pumped-storage hydroelectricity stores energy in what form?
A2: water pumped when energy is available from a lower elevation reservoir to a higher elevation one
Q3: How is the energy stored by pumped-storage hydroelectricity recovered?
A3: by releasing the water, with the pump becoming a hydroelectric power generator
Punjab,_Pakistan (Geography and places)

Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters":  listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan. It has an area of 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles) and a population of 91.379.615 in 2011, approximately 56% of the country's total population. Its provincial capital and largest city is Lahore. Punjab is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the northeast and Punjab and Rajasthan to the east. In Pakistan it is bordered by Sindh to the south, Balochistān and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and Islamabad and Azad Kashmir to the north.

Q1: What does Punjab mean?
A1: five waters
Q2: How many provinces does Pakistan have?
A2: four
Q3: How large is Punjab?
A3: 205,344 square kilometres (79,284 square miles)
Q4: What is Punjab's population?
A4: 91.379.615
Q5: What is Punjab's biggest city?
A5: Lahore
Punjab,_Pakistan (Geography and places)

Punjab during Mahabharata times was known as Panchanada. Punjab was part of the Indus Valley Civilization, more than 4000 years ago. The main site in Punjab was the city of Harrapa. The Indus Valley Civilization spanned much of what is today Pakistan and eventually evolved into the Indo-Aryan civilisation. The Vedic civilisation flourished along the length of the Indus River. This civilisation shaped subsequent cultures in South Asia and Afghanistan. Although the archaeological site at Harappa was partially damaged in 1857 when engineers constructing the Lahore-Multan railroad used brick from the Harappa ruins for track ballast, an abundance of artefacts have nevertheless been found. Punjab was part of the great ancient empires including the Gandhara Mahajanapadas, Achaemenids, Macedonians, Mauryas, Kushans, Guptas, and Hindu Shahi. It also comprised the Gujar empire for a period of time, otherwise known as the Gurjara-Pratihara empire. Agriculture flourished and trading cities (such as Multan and Lahore) grew in wealth.

Q1: What was Punjab formerly known as?
A1: Panchanada
Q2: What ancient civilization lived in Punjab?
A2: the Indus Valley Civilization
Q3: When was Punjab part of the Indus Valley Civilization?
A3: more than 4000 years ago
Q4: What was the major Indus city in Punjab?
A4: Harrapa
Q5: What were bricks taken from Harrapa for the construction of?
A5: the Lahore-Multan railroad
Punjab,_Pakistan (Geography and places)

Punjab has the largest economy in Pakistan, contributing most to the national GDP. The province's economy has quadrupled since 1972. Its share of Pakistan's GDP was 54.7% in 2000 and 59% as of 2010. It is especially dominant in the service and agriculture sectors of Pakistan's economy. With its contribution ranging from 52.1% to 64.5% in the Service Sector and 56.1% to 61.5% in the agriculture sector. It is also major manpower contributor because it has largest pool of professionals and highly skilled (technically trained) manpower in Pakistan. It is also dominant in the manufacturing sector, though the dominance is not as huge, with historical contributions raging from a low of 44% to a high of 52.6%. In 2007, Punjab achieved a growth rate of 7.8% and during the period 2002–03 to 2007–08, its economy grew at a rate of between 7% to 8% per year. and during 2008–09 grew at 6% against the total GDP growth of Pakistan at 4%.

Q1: How much has Punjab's economy grown since 1972?
A1: quadrupled
Q2: How much of Pakistan's GDP came from Punjab in 2000?
A2: 54.7%
Q3: How much of Pakistan's GDP came from Punjab in 2010?
A3: 59%
Q4: What manpower does Punjab provide?
A4: largest pool of professionals and highly skilled (technically trained) manpower in Pakistan
Q5: How much did Punjab's economy grow in 2008-09?
A5: 6%
Punjab,_Pakistan (Geography and places)

Punjab is Pakistan's second largest province in terms of land area at 205,344 km2 (79,284 sq mi), after Balochistan, and is located at the north western edge of the geologic Indian plate in South Asia. The province is bordered by Kashmir (Azad Kashmir, Pakistan and Jammu and Kashmir, India) to the northeast, the Indian states of Punjab and Rajasthan to the east, the Pakistani province of Sindh to the south, the province of Balochistan to the southwest, the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to the west, and the Islamabad Capital Territory to the north.

Q1: How large is Punjab compared to the other three provinces?
A1: second largest
Q2: What is Pakistan's largest province?
A2: Balochistan
Q3: How many square miles is Punjab?
A3: 79,284
Q4: What Indian states are on the east side of Punjab, Pakistan?
A4: Punjab and Rajasthan
Q5: What Pakistani province is south of Punjab?
A5: Sindh
Punjab,_Pakistan (Geography and places)

Punjab witnessed major battles between the armies of India and Pakistan in the wars of 1965 and 1971. Since the 1990s Punjab hosted several key sites of Pakistan's nuclear program such as Kahuta. It also hosts major military bases such as at Sargodha and Rawalpindi. The peace process between India and Pakistan, which began in earnest in 2004, has helped pacify the situation. Trade and people-to-people contacts through the Wagah border are now starting to become common. Indian Sikh pilgrims visit holy sites such as Nankana Sahib.

Q1: When did India and Pakistan fight in Punjab?
A1: 1965 and 1971
Q2: What is Kahuta an important location for?
A2: Pakistan's nuclear program
Q3: Where does Punjab have major military bases?
A3: Sargodha and Rawalpindi
Q4: When did India and Pakistan begin serious peace talks?
A4: 2004
Q5: Who visits Nankana Sahib?
A5: Sikh pilgrims
Punjab,_Pakistan (Geography and places)

Punjab's geography mostly consists of the alluvial plain of the Indus River and its four major tributaries in Pakistan, the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej rivers. There are several mountainous regions, including the Sulaiman Mountains in the southwest part of the province, and Margalla Hills, Salt Range, and Pothohar Plateau in the north. Agriculture is the chief source of income and employment in Punjab; wheat and cotton are the principal crops. Since independence, Punjab has become the seat of political and economic power; it remains the most industrialised province of Pakistan. It counts for 39.2% of large scale manufacturing and 70% of small scale manufacturing in the country. Its capital Lahore is a major regional cultural, historical, and economic centre.

Q1: What plain is Punjab in?
A1: the alluvial plain of the Indus River
Q2: What are the Indus River's tributaries?
A2: the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, and Sutlej rivers
Q3: How much of Pakistan's large-scale manufacturing is in Punjab?
A3: 39.2%
Q4: How much of Pakistan's small-scale manufacturing is in Punjab?
A4: 70%
Q5: What crops does Punjab grow?
A5: wheat and cotton
Southeast_Asia (Geography and places)

Puppetry and shadow plays were also a favoured form of entertainment in past centuries, a famous one being Wayang from Indonesia. The arts and literature in some of Southeast Asia is quite influenced by Hinduism, which was brought to them centuries ago. Indonesia, despite conversion to Islam which opposes certain forms of art, has retained many forms of Hindu-influenced practices, culture, art and literature. An example is the Wayang Kulit (Shadow Puppet) and literature like the Ramayana. The wayang kulit show has been recognized by UNESCO on November 7, 2003, as a Masterpiece of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

Q1: What were the favorite forms of entertainment in Southeast Asia?
A1: Puppetry and shadow plays
Q2: Art & literature in Southeast Asia is influenced by which religion?
A2: Hinduism
Q3: The UNESCO has recognized which show as a Masterpiece of Oral & Intangible Heritage of Humanity
A3: The wayang kulit
Q4: Which country despite converting to Islam has retained many forms of Hindu practices, culture, art & literature?
A4: Indonesia