LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Architecture (Art and architecture)

Architecture (Latin architectura, from the Greek ἀρχιτέκτων arkhitekton "architect", from ἀρχι- "chief" and τέκτων "builder") is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements.

Q1: What is the latin word for architecture?
A1: Architectural
Q2: In what language does the word "architecture" have its origins?
A2: Greek
Q3: What two words is "architecture" a combination of?
A3: ἀρχι- "chief" and τέκτων "builder"
Q4: Architecture involves the creation of what?
A4: buildings and other physical structures
Q5: Aside from symbolizing cultures, what else are architectural works thought of as?
A5: as works of art
Q6: What can extant architectural works be used to identify?
A6: Historical civilizations
Architecture (Art and architecture)

Architecture has to do with planning and designing form, space and ambience to reflect functional, technical, social, environmental and aesthetic considerations. It requires the creative manipulation and coordination of materials and technology, and of light and shadow. Often, conflicting requirements must be resolved. The practice of Architecture also encompasses the pragmatic aspects of realizing buildings and structures, including scheduling, cost estimation and construction administration. Documentation produced by architects, typically drawings, plans and technical specifications, defines the structure and/or behavior of a building or other kind of system that is to be or has been constructed.

Q1: What sort of considerations does architectural design take into account? 
A1: functional, technical, social, environmental and aesthetic
Q2: In architecture what aspects are planned and designed?
A2: form, space and ambience
Q3: Aside from planning and design what other types of aspects does architecture involve?
A3: pragmatic aspects
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration (History)

Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in Archival Research Catalog (ARC). The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. As of December 2012, the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. There are also 922,000 digital copies of already digitized materials.

Q1: Where are archival descriptions of holdings under the custody of NARA stored?
A1: Archival Research Catalog (ARC)
Q2: As of the end mid December of 2012, how many logical data records are stored at NARA?
A2: 10 billion
Q3: How many digital copies of previously digitized materials were there in December of 2012?
A3: 922,000
Q4: Archival descriptions include traditional paper holdings, electron records, and what?
A4: artifacts
Q5: The 10 billion logical data records are linked to how many artifacts?
A5: 527,000
Anti-aircraft_warfare (Warfare)

Area air defence, the air defence of a specific area or location, (as opposed to point defence), have historically been operated by both armies (Anti-Aircraft Command in the British Army, for instance) and Air Forces (the United States Air Force's CIM-10 Bomarc). Area defence systems have medium to long range and can be made up of various other systems and networked into an area defence system (in which case it may be made up of several short range systems combined to effectively cover an area). An example of area defence is the defence of Saudi Arabia and Israel by MIM-104 Patriot missile batteries during the first Gulf War, where the objective was to cover populated areas.

Q1: What is the air defence of a certain area called?
A1: Area air defence
Q2: Armies as well as what group have operated area air defences?
A2: Air Forces
Q3: What U.S. Air Forces operated area air defence?
A3: CIM-10 Bomarc
Q4: What range do area defence systems have?
A4: medium to long range
Q5: What was the objective of the MIM-104 Patriot Missile batteries during the first Gulf War?
A5: to cover populated areas
Philadelphia (History)

Areas such as South Street and Old City have a vibrant night life. The Avenue of the Arts in Center City contains many restaurants and theaters, such as the Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts, which is home to the Philadelphia Orchestra, generally considered one of the top five orchestras in the United States, and the Academy of Music, the nation's oldest continually operating opera house, home to the Opera Company of Philadelphia and the Pennsylvania Ballet. The Wilma Theatre and Philadelphia Theatre Company have new buildings constructed in the last decade on the avenue. They produce a variety of new works. Several blocks to the east are the Walnut Street Theatre, America's oldest theatre and the largest subscription theater in the world; as well as the Lantern Theatre at St. Stephens Church, one of a number of smaller venues.

Q1: Name two districts with good night life?
A1: South Street and Old City
Q2: What is the home of the orchestra?
A2: Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts
Q3: What is the countries oldest opera house?
A3: Academy of Music
Q4: Who uses the opera house?
A4: Opera Company of Philadelphia and the Pennsylvania Ballet
Q5: What is the oldest theater in the U.S.?
A5: Walnut Street Theatre
Printed_circuit_board (Engineering and technology)

Areas that should not be soldered may be covered with solder resist (solder mask). One of the most common solder resists used today is called "LPI" (liquid photoimageable solder mask).  A photo-sensitive coating is applied to the surface of the PWB, then exposed to light through the solder mask image film, and finally developed where the unexposed areas are washed away. Dry film solder mask is similar to the dry film used to image the PWB for plating or etching. After being laminated to the PWB surface it is imaged and develop as LPI. Once common but no longer commonly used because of its low accuracy and resolution is to screen print epoxy ink. Solder resist also provides protection from the environment.

Q1: If part of a PCB isn't solderable, what can be used instead?
A1: solder resist
Q2: What's another term used for "solder resist"?
A2: solder mask
Q3: What solder resist with a four-word name is a popular choice in the industry?
A3: liquid photoimageable solder mask
Q4: What kind of coating gets applied to the PWB before light exposure?
A4: photo-sensitive
Q5: What solder resist is so inaccurate that few choose it anymore?
A5: screen print epoxy ink
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

Argentine activists told a news conference that they would not try to snuff out the torch's flame as demonstrators had in Paris and London. "I want to announce that we will not put out the Olympic torch," said pro-Tibet activist Jorge Carcavallo. "We'll be carrying out surprise actions throughout the city of Buenos Aires, but all of these will be peaceful." Among other activities, protesters organized an alternative march that went from the Obelisk to the city hall, featuring their own "Human Rights Torch." A giant banner reading "Free Tibet" was also displayed on the torch route. According to a representative from the NGO 'Human Rights Torch Relay', their objective was to "show the contradiction between the Olympic Games and the presence of widespread human rights violations in China"

Q1: What is the name of the activist who promised peaceful protests?
A1: Jorge Carcavallo
Q2: What route was planned for an alternative march?
A2: from the Obelisk to the city hall
Q3: What was on the banner that was displayed where the torchbearers would carry the torch?
A3: Free Tibet
Q4: What is the name of the protester who said they would not try to extinguish the torch?
A4: Jorge Carcavallo.
Q5: Where did the other march travel form and to?
A5: Obelisk to the city hall
Q6: What was the name given to the torch carried on the alternative march?
A6: Human Rights Torch.
Q7: What did the large banner say that was along the alternative march route?
A7: Free Tibet
Q8: What was the unsanctioned alternative relay called?
A8: Human Rights Torch Relay
Philosophy_of_space_and_time (Philosophy and religion)

Arguing against the absolutist position, Leibniz offers a number of thought experiments with the purpose of showing that there is contradiction in assuming the existence of facts such as absolute location and velocity. These arguments trade heavily on two principles central to his philosophy: the principle of sufficient reason and the identity of indiscernibles. The principle of sufficient reason holds that for every fact, there is a reason that is sufficient to explain what and why it is the way it is and not otherwise. The identity of indiscernibles states that if there is no way of telling two entities apart, then they are one and the same thing.

Q1: What did Leibniz argue against?
A1: the absolutist position
Q2: Which principles did Leibniz's arguments trade heavily upon?
A2: the principle of sufficient reason and the identity of indiscernibles
Q3: Leibnitz held that there is a reason that is sufficient to explain what and why it is the way it is and not otherwise for every what?
A3: fact
Q4: What states that if there is no way of telling two entities apart, then they are one and the same thing?
A4: identity of indiscernibles
Bird_migration (Natural sciences)

Aristotle however suggested that swallows and other birds hibernated. This belief persisted as late as 1878, when Elliott Coues listed the titles of no less than 182 papers dealing with the hibernation of swallows. Even the "highly observant" Gilbert White, in his posthumously published 1789 The Natural History of Selborne, quoted a man's story about swallows being found in a chalk cliff collapse "while he was a schoolboy at Brighthelmstone", though the man denied being an eyewitness. However, he also writes that "as to swallows being found in a torpid state during the winter in the Isle of Wight or any part of this country, I never heard any such account worth attending to", and that if early swallows "happen to find frost and snow they immediately withdraw for a time—a circumstance this much more in favour of hiding than migration", since he doubts they would "return for a week or two to warmer latitudes".

Q1: Which bird did Aristotle believe hibernated?
A1: swallows
Q2: Until what year did the belief of hibernating birds persist?
A2: 1878
Q3: Who wrote 182 papers dealing with the hibernation of swallows?
A3: Elliott Coues
Q4: Who wrote "The Natural History of Selborne"?
A4: Gilbert White
Bird_migration (Natural sciences)

Aristotle noted that cranes traveled from the steppes of Scythia to marshes at the headwaters of the Nile. Pliny the Elder, in his Historia Naturalis, repeats Aristotle's observations.

Q1: Who noted that cranes traveled from Scythia to the Nile?
A1: Aristotle
Q2: Who repeats Aristotle's observations?
A2: Pliny the Elder
Q3: Where did Pliny the Elder repeat Aristotle's observations?
A3: in his Historia Naturalis
Q4: What kind of bird did Aristotle and Pliny the Elder write about?
A4: cranes
Greece (Geography and places)

Aristotle of Stagira, the most important disciple of Plato, shared with his teacher the title of the greatest philosopher of antiquity. But while Plato had sought to elucidate and explain things from the supra-sensual standpoint of the forms, his pupil preferred to start from the facts given us by experience. Except from these three most significant Greek philosophers other known schools of Greek philosophy from other founders during ancient times were Stoicism, Epicureanism, Skepticism and Neoplatonism.

Q1: Which disciple of Plato was considered the most important?
A1: Aristotle of Stagira
Q2: Plato's philosophy attempted to explain life from what standpoint?
A2: the supra-sensual
Q3: Aristotle's philosophy was based from what standpoint? 
A3: experience
Q4: What is the name of two schools of philosophy?
A4: Skepticism and Neoplatonism
Antarctica (Natural sciences)

Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D. The Roman authors Hyginus and Apuleius (1–2 centuries A.D.) used for the South Pole the romanized Greek name polus antarcticus, from which derived the Old French pole antartike (modern pôle antarctique) attested in 1270, and from there the Middle English pol antartik in a 1391 technical treatise by Geoffrey Chaucer (modern Antarctic Pole).

Q1: Who wrote a book describing a cold region in 350 B.C.?
A1: Aristotle
Q2: What map maker used the name Antarctica in his map of the 2nd century A.D.?
A2: Marinus of Tyre
Q3: What did authors Hyginus and Apuleious call the South Pole?
A3: polus antarcticus
Q4: What did Chaucer call the area in 1391?
A4: pol antartik
Q5: What was the old French words for the Antarctic?
A5: pole antartike
Empiricism (Philosophy and religion)

Aristotle's explanation of how this was possible was not strictly empiricist in a modern sense, but rather based on his theory of potentiality and actuality, and experience of sense perceptions still requires the help of the active nous. These notions contrasted with Platonic notions of the human mind as an entity that pre-existed somewhere in the heavens, before being sent down to join a body on Earth (see Plato's Phaedo and Apology, as well as others). Aristotle was considered to give a more important position to sense perception than Plato, and commentators in the Middle Ages summarized one of his positions as "nihil in intellectu nisi prius fuerit in sensu" (Latin for "nothing in the intellect without first being in the senses").

Q1: What theory was Aristotle's explanation based on?
A1: his theory of potentiality and actuality
Q2: How did Plato's Phaedo and Apology think of the mind?
A2: an entity that pre-existed somewhere in the heavens, before being sent down to join a body on Earth
Q3: Who thought the senses were more important, Aristotle or Plato?
A3: Aristotle
Q4: Who thought the senses were less important, Aristotle or Plato?
A4: Plato
Q5: What does "nihil in intellectu nisi prius fuerit in sensu" mean?
A5: Latin for "nothing in the intellect without first being in the senses"
Tucson,_Arizona (Geography and places)

Arizona, south of the Gila River was legally bought from Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase on June 8, 1854. Tucson became a part of the United States of America, although the American military did not formally take over control until March 1856. In 1857 Tucson became a stage station on the San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line and in 1858 became 3rd division headquarters of the Butterfield Overland Mail until the line shut down in March 1861. The Overland Mail Corporation attempted to continue running, however following the Bascom Affair, devastating Apache attacks on the stations and coaches ended operations in August 1861.[citation needed]

Q1: What was the date when Arizona was bought?
A1: June 8, 1854
Q2: What year did the Overland Mail Corporation end operations?
A2: 1861
Q3: What was the name of the deal in which Arizona was bought?
A3: Gadsden Purchase
Q4: Arizona is south of which river?
A4: Gila River
Q5: In what year did Tuscon become a stage station?
A5: 1857
Q6: When was the Gadsden Purchase?
A6: June 8, 1854
Q7: Where did the US buy land from in the Gadsden Purchase?
A7: Mexico
Q8: When did the US formally take control of the Tucson area?
A8: March 1856
Q9: When did the mail stagecoaches stop running?
A9: August 1861
Q10: Why did the mail stagecoaches stop running?
A10: devastating Apache attacks on the stations and coaches
Myanmar (Geography and places)

Armed conflict between ethnic Chinese rebels and the Myanmar Armed Forces have resulted in the Kokang offensive in February 2015. The conflict had forced 40,000 to 50,000 civilians to flee their homes and seek shelter on the Chinese side of the border. During the incident the government of China was accused of giving military assistance to the ethnic Chinese rebels. Burmese officials have been historically 'manipulated' and pressured by the communist Chinese government throughout Burmese modern history to create closer and binding ties with China, creating a Chinese satellite state in Southeast Asia.

Q1: What country was Burma involved with in 2015
A1: Armed conflict between ethnic Chinese rebels and the Myanmar Armed Forces
Q2: Were there any refuges that resulted from the Burmese conflict in 2015?
A2: The conflict had forced 40,000 to 50,000 civilians to flee their homes and seek shelter
Q3: What was the government of China accused of during the Kokang offensive ?
A3: China was accused of giving military assistance to the ethnic Chinese rebels.
Q4: Is China an affect on the government in Burma ?
A4: Burmese officials have been historically 'manipulated' and pressured by the communist Chinese
Q5: To what benefit of China has its interest in the Burmese government brought about ?
A5: creating a Chinese satellite state in Southeast Asia
Armenians (Geography and places)

Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, not to be confused with the Eastern Orthodox communion. During its later political eclipses, Armenia depended on the church to preserve and protect its unique identity. The original location of the Armenian Catholicosate is Echmiadzin. However, the continuous upheavals, which characterized the political scenes of Armenia, made the political power move to safer places. The Church center moved as well to different locations together with the political authority. Therefore, it eventually moved to Cilicia as the Holy See of Cilicia.

Q1: When did Armenia's church become independent?
A1: 451 AD
Q2: What is Armenia's church called?
A2: Armenian Apostolic Church
Q3: What type of Catholicism is Armenia's church part of?
A3: Oriental Orthodox
Q4: Where was the Armenian Catholicosate located at first?
A4: Echmiadzin
Q5: Where did the Armenian Catholicosate move to?
A5: Cilicia
Armenia (History)

Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. Urartu was established in 860 BC and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. In the 1st century BC the Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great. Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. In between the late 3rd century to early years of the 4th century, the state became the first Christian nation. The official date of state adoption of Christianity is 301 AD. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century.

Q1: What kind of government does Armenia have?
A1: democratic
Q2: Who brought Armenia to success in the 1st century BC?
A2: Tigranes the Great
Q3: What religion did Armenia support?
A3: Christianity
Q4: What two empires did Armenia belong to in the beginning of the 5th century?
A4: Byzantine and Sasanian
Q5: When was Urartu created?
A5: 860 BC
Armenia (History)

Armenia is also a member of the Council of Europe, maintaining friendly relations with the European Union, especially with its member states such as France and Greece. A 2005 survey reported that 64% of Armenia's population would be in favor of joining the EU. Several Armenian officials have also expressed the desire for their country to eventually become an EU member state, some[who?] predicting that it will make an official bid for membership in a few years.[citation needed] In 2004 its forces joined KFOR, a NATO-led international force in Kosovo. It is also an observer member of the Eurasian Economic Community and the Non-Aligned Movement.

Q1: How many of Armenias inhabitants approve of becoming part of the EU?
A1: 64%
Q2: What is KFOR?
A2: a NATO-led international force in Kosovo
Q3: What are some states join Armenia in the Council of Europe?
A3: France and Greece
Q4: When can the EU expect Armenia to attempt to join it?
A4: in a few years
Armenia (History)

Armenia is member of Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) along with Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and is in a NATO organisation called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC). Armenia has engaged in a peacekeeping mission in Kosovo as part of non-NATO KFOR troops under Greek command. Armenia also had 46 members of its military peacekeeping forces as a part of the Coalition Forces in Iraq War until October 2008.

Q1: What does CSTO stand for?
A1: Collective Security Treaty Organisation
Q2: What does EAPC stand for?
A2: Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
Q3: Who else joins Armenia in the CSTO?
A3: Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan
Q4: When did Armenia remove its peacekeepers from Iraq?
A4: October 2008
Armenia (History)

Armenia presently maintains good relations with almost every country in the world, with two major exceptions being its immediate neighbours, Turkey and Azerbaijan. Tensions were running high between Armenians and Azerbaijanis during the final years of the Soviet Union. The Nagorno-Karabakh War dominated the region's politics throughout the 1990s. The border between the two rival countries remains closed up to this day, and a permanent solution for the conflict has not been reached despite the mediation provided by organisations such as the OSCE.

Q1: With who does Armenia have bad relations?
A1: Turkey and Azerbaijan
Q2: Is the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan open or closed?
A2: closed
Q3: When was the Nagorno-Karabakh War?
A3: 1990s
Armenia (History)

Armenia was annexed by Bolshevist Russia and along with Georgia and Azerbaijan, it was incorporated into the Soviet Union as part of the Transcaucasian SFSR (TSFSR) on 4 March 1922. With this annexation, the Treaty of Alexandropol was superseded by the Turkish-Soviet Treaty of Kars. In the agreement, Turkey allowed the Soviet Union to assume control over Adjara with the port city of Batumi in return for sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır, all of which were part of Russian Armenia.

Q1: When was the Transcaucasian SFSR formed?
A1: 4 March 1922
Q2: The Soviet Union gained control over which city following the Treaty of Kars?
A2: Batumi
Q3: What did Turkey gain from the Treaty of Kars?
A3: sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır
Q4: Who annexed Armenia?
A4: Bolshevist Russia
Aspirated_consonant (Language and literature)

Armenian and Cantonese have aspiration that lasts about as long as English aspirated stops, in addition to unaspirated stops. Korean has lightly aspirated stops that fall between the Armenian and Cantonese unaspirated and aspirated stops as well as strongly aspirated stops whose aspiration lasts longer than that of Armenian or Cantonese. (See voice-onset time.)

Q1: As well as lasting as long as an English aspirated stop, the Armenian and Cantonese aspiration lasts as long as what?
A1: unaspirated stops