LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
New_York_City (Geography and places)

Lower Manhattan is the third-largest central business district in the United States and is home to the New York Stock Exchange, on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, at 165 Broadway, representing the world's largest and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured both by overall average daily trading volume and by total market capitalization of their listed companies in 2013. Investment banking fees on Wall Street totaled approximately $40 billion in 2012, while in 2013, senior New York City bank officers who manage risk and compliance functions earned as much as $324,000 annually. In fiscal year 2013–14, Wall Street's securities industry generated 19% of New York State's tax revenue. New York City remains the largest global center for trading in public equity and debt capital markets, driven in part by the size and financial development of the U.S. economy.:31–32 In July 2013, NYSE Euronext, the operator of the New York Stock Exchange, took over the administration of the London interbank offered rate from the British Bankers Association. New York also leads in hedge fund management; private equity; and the monetary volume of mergers and acquisitions. Several investment banks and investment mangers headquartered in Manhattan are important participants in other global financial centers.:34–35 New York is also the principal commercial banking center of the United States.

Q1: On what street is the New York Stock Exchange headquartered?
A1: Wall Street
Q2: What is the street address of NASDAQ?
A2: 165 Broadway
Q3: In 2012, how many investment banking fees were paid out to Wall Street?
A3: $40 billion
Q4: In 2013-4, what percentage of New York state tax revenues came from the securities business on Wall Street?
A4: 19%
Q5: Who was the previous overseer of the London interbank offered rate?
A5: British Bankers Association
Q6: The New York Stock exchange is located where in NYC?
A6: Wall Street
Q7: The NASDAQ is located on what street in NYC?
A7: 165 Broadway
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 (History)

Lower interest rates encouraged borrowing. From 2000 to 2003, the Federal Reserve lowered the federal funds rate target from 6.5% to 1.0%. This was done to soften the effects of the collapse of the dot-com bubble and the September 2001 terrorist attacks, as well as to combat a perceived risk of deflation. As early as 2002 it was apparent that credit was fueling housing instead of business investment as some economists went so far as to advocate that the Fed "needs to create a housing bubble to replace the Nasdaq bubble". Moreover, empirical studies using data from advanced countries show that excessive credit growth contributed greatly to the severity of the crisis.

Q1: Was was the federal funds rate target lowered to by the Federal Reserve in 2003?
A1: 1.0%
Q2: What is one reason the Federal Reserve lowered the federal funds rate target to 1.0% in 2003?
A2: to combat a perceived risk of deflation
Q3: In the early 2000s, what type bubble did some economists believe the Fed needed to create to replace the Nasdaq bubble?
A3: a housing bubble
Q4: What contributed greatly to the severity of the financial crisis of 2007?
A4: excessive credit growth
Q5: What encouraged borrowing from 2000 to 2003?
A5: Lower interest rates
Religion_in_ancient_Rome (History)

Lucan depicts Sextus Pompeius, the doomed son of Pompey the Great, as convinced "the gods of heaven knew too little" and awaiting the Battle of Pharsalus by consulting with the Thessalian witch Erichtho, who practices necromancy and inhabits deserted graves, feeding on rotting corpses. Erichtho, it is said, can arrest "the rotation of the heavens and the flow of rivers" and make "austere old men blaze with illicit passions". She and her clients are portrayed as undermining the natural order of gods, mankind and destiny. A female foreigner from Thessaly, notorious for witchcraft, Erichtho is the stereotypical witch of Latin literature, along with Horace's Canidia.

Q1: Who consulted a witch before the battle of Pharsalus?
A1: Sextus Pompeius
Q2: What witch was reputed to be able to stop the rotation of the heavens?
A2: Erichtho
Q3: What natural order was Erichtho accused of undermining?
A3: order of gods
Q4: How was Erichtho portrayed?
A4: stereotypical witch
Q5: From what country did Erichtho come?
A5: Thessaly
The_Blitz (History)

Luftwaffe policy at this point was primarily to continue progressive attacks on London, chiefly by night attack; second, to interfere with production in the vast industrial arms factories of the West Midlands, again chiefly by night attack; and third to disrupt plants and factories during the day by means of fighter-bombers. Kesselring, commanding Luftflotte 2, was ordered to send 50 sorties per night against London and attack eastern harbours in daylight. Sperrle, commanding Luftflotte 3, was ordered to dispatch 250 sorties per night including 100 against the West Midlands. Seeschlange would be carried out by Fliegerkorps X (10th Air Corps) which concentrated on mining operations against shipping. It also took part in the bombing over Britain. By 19/20 April 1941, it had dropped 3,984 mines, ⅓ of the total dropped. The mines' ability to destroy entire streets earned them respect in Britain, but several fell unexploded into British hands allowing counter-measures to be developed which damaged the German anti-shipping campaign.

Q1: What was the Luftwaffe's second primary policy?
A1: to interfere with production in the vast industrial arms factories of the West Midlands
Q2: Who was in command of the Luftflotte 2?
A2: Kesselring
Q3: How many sorties a night was Luftflotte 3 doing?
A3: 250
Q4: What did the Fliegerkorps X concentrate on?
A4: mining operations against shipping
Q5: By April of 1941 about how many mines had been dropped?
A5: 3,984 mines
Crucifixion_of_Jesus (Philosophy and religion)

Luke's gospel also describes an interaction between Jesus and the women among the crowd of mourners following him, quoting Jesus as saying "Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. For behold, the days are coming when they will say, 'Blessed are the barren and the wombs that never bore and the breasts that never nursed!' Then they will begin to say to the mountains, 'Fall on us,' and to the hills, 'Cover us.' For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk. 23:28-31]

Q1: Who described an interaction between Jesus on the cross and women?
A1: Luke's gospel
Q2: What did Jesus say to women in the crowd?
A2: do not weep for me
Q3: Where are the words found in the Gospel?
A3: Lk. 23:28-31
Q4: What followed Jesus around?
A4: crowd of mourners
Incandescent_light_bulb (Engineering and technology)

Luminous efficacy of a light source may be defined in two ways. The radiant luminous efficacy (LER) is the ratio of the visible light flux emitted (the luminous flux) to the total power radiated over all wavelengths. The source luminous efficacy (LES) is the ratio of the visible light flux emitted (the luminous flux) to the total power input to the source, such as a lamp. Visible light is measured in lumens, a unit which is defined in part by the differing sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths of light. Not all wavelengths of visible electromagnetic energy are equally effective at stimulating the human eye; the luminous efficacy of radiant energy (LER) is a measure of how well the distribution of energy matches the perception of the eye. The units of luminous efficacy are "lumens per watt" (lpw). The maximum LER possible is 683 lm/W for monochromatic green light at 555 nanometers wavelength, the peak sensitivity of the human eye.

Q1: What does the acronym LER refer to?
A1: radiant luminous efficacy
Q2: What is the maximum LER possible?
A2: 683 lm/W
Q3: In how many ways can one define luminous efficacy of a light source?
A3: two ways
Q4: What is the definition of radiant luminous efficacy?
A4: the ratio of the visible light flux emitted (the luminous flux) to the total power radiated over all wavelengths
Q5: What does the acronym LES refer to?
A5: source luminous efficacy
Guinea-Bissau (Geography and places)

Luís Cabral, brother of Amílcar and co-founder of PAIGC, was appointed the first President of Guinea-Bissau. Following independence, the PAIGC killed thousands of local Guinean soldiers who had fought along with the Portuguese Army against guerrillas. Some escaped to settle in Portugal or other African nations. One of the massacres occurred in the town of Bissorã. In 1980 the PAIGC acknowledged in its newspaper Nó Pintcha (dated 29 November 1980) that many Gueinean soldiers had been executed and buried in unmarked collective graves in the woods of Cumerá, Portogole, and Mansabá.

Q1: Who was the first President of Guinea-Bissau?
A1: Luís Cabral
Q2: How many Guinean soldiers did the PAIGC kill?
A2: thousands
Q3: Where did one of the massacres occur?
A3: Bissorã
Q4: When did the PAIGC acknowledge the executions?
A4: 29 November 1980
Q5: Where were the soldiers buried?
A5: Cumerá, Portogole, and Mansabá
Guam (Geography and places)

Lying in the western Pacific, Guam is a popular destination for Japanese tourists. Its tourist hub, Tumon, features over 20 large hotels, a Duty Free Shoppers Galleria, Pleasure Island district, indoor aquarium, Sandcastle Las Vegas–styled shows and other shopping and entertainment venues. It is a relatively short flight from Asia or Australia compared to Hawaii, with hotels and seven public golf courses accommodating over a million tourists per year. Although 75% of the tourists are Japanese, Guam receives a sizable number of tourists from South Korea, the U.S., the Philippines, and Taiwan. Significant sources of revenue include duty-free designer shopping outlets, and the American-style malls: Micronesia Mall, Guam Premier Outlets, the Agana Shopping Center, and the world's largest Kmart.[citation needed]

Q1: What tourist commonly visits Guam?
A1: Japanese
Q2: Around how many Hotels does Guam currently have?
A2: 20 large hotels
Q3: How many public golf courses does Guam currently have?
A3: seven
Q4: About how many tourist visit Guam yearly?
A4: a million
Q5: Which major U.S store does Guam currently have that happens to be the largest in the world?
A5: Kmart
Oklahoma_City (Geography and places)

METRO Transit is the city's public transit company. The main transfer terminal is located downtown at NW 5th Street and Hudson Avenue. METRO Transit maintains limited coverage of the city's main street grid using a hub-and-spoke system from the main terminal, making many journeys impractical due to the rather small number of bus routes offered and that most trips require a transfer downtown. The city has recognized that transit as a major issue for the rapidly growing and urbanizing city and has initiated several studies in recent times to improve upon the existing bus system starting with a plan known as the Fixed Guideway Study. This study identified several potential commuter transit routes from the suburbs into downtown OKC as well as feeder-line bus and/or rail routes throughout the city.

Q1: What is Oklahoma Cities transit company?
A1: METRO Transit
Q2: What is the name of the plan that is being made to enhance the bus system?
A2: Fixed Guideway Study
Houston (History)

METRO began light rail service on January 1, 2004, with the inaugural track ("Red Line") running about 8 miles (13 km) from the University of Houston–Downtown (UHD), which traverses through the Texas Medical Center and terminates at NRG Park. METRO is currently in the design phase of a 10-year expansion plan that will add five more lines. and expand the current Red Line. Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service three times a week to Houston via the Sunset Limited (Los Angeles–New Orleans), which stops at a train station on the north side of the downtown area. The station saw 14,891 boardings and alightings in fiscal year 2008. In 2012, there was a 25 percent increase in ridership to 20,327 passengers embarking from the Houston Amtrak station.

Q1: When did Houston start using light rail lines?
A1: January 1, 2004
Q2: How long was the first light rail line in Houston?
A2: about 8 miles
Q3: Where did the Red Line rail track terminate?
A3: NRG Park
Q4: How many new rail lines are planned for the future in Houston light rail?
A4: five
Q5: How many passengers used Amtrak to embark at Houston?
A5: 20,327
Unicode (Engineering and technology)

MIME defines two different mechanisms for encoding non-ASCII characters in email, depending on whether the characters are in email headers (such as the "Subject:"), or in the text body of the message; in both cases, the original character set is identified as well as a transfer encoding. For email transmission of Unicode the UTF-8 character set and the Base64 or the Quoted-printable transfer encoding are recommended, depending on whether much of the message consists of ASCII-characters. The details of the two different mechanisms are specified in the MIME standards and generally are hidden from users of email software.

Q1: What is recommended for email transmission of Unicode? 
A1: the UTF-8 character set and the Base64 or the Quoted-printable transfer encoding
Q2: Where are the details of the two mechanisms for email transmission specified? 
A2: MIME standards
Q3: How many different mechanisms does MIME define for encoding Unicode in email? 
A3: two different mechanisms
Institute_of_technology (Engineering and technology)

MIT raises funds from non-governmental organizations and individuals who support the mission and objectives of the Institute. Tigray Development Association, its supporters, and REST have provided the initial funds for the launching of the Institute. As a result of the unstinting efforts made by the Provisional Governing Board to obtain technical and financial assistance, the Institute has so far secured financial and material support as well as pledges of sponsorship for 50 students, covering their tuition fees, room and board up to graduation. The MIT has also been able to create linkages with some universities and colleges in the United States of America, which have provided manpower and material support to MIT. The institute is governed by a provisional governing board.

Q1: MIT raised money to cover tuition, room and board for what number of students?
A1: 50
MP3 (Engineering and technology)

MP3 was designed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) as part of its MPEG-1 standard and later extended in the MPEG-2 standard. The first subgroup for audio was formed by several teams of engineers at Fraunhofer IIS, University of Hannover, AT&T-Bell Labs, Thomson-Brandt, CCETT, and others. MPEG-1 Audio (MPEG-1 Part 3), which included MPEG-1 Audio Layer I, II and III was approved as a committee draft of ISO/IEC standard in 1991, finalised in 1992 and published in 1993 (ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993). Backwards compatible MPEG-2 Audio (MPEG-2 Part 3) with additional bit rates and sample rates was published in 1995 (ISO/IEC 13818-3:1995).

Q1: Who designed MP3?
A1: Moving Picture Experts Group
Q2: What was the first standard that this group had?
A2: MPEG-1
Q3: The first standard later developed into which standard?
A3: MPEG-2
Q4: When was the draft passed to have MPEG-1 Audio approved as a standard?
A4: 1991
Q5: When was MPEG-2 Audio finally published?
A5: 1995
MP3 (Engineering and technology)

MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III, more commonly referred to as MP3, is an audio coding format for digital audio which uses a form of lossy data compression. It is a common audio format for consumer audio streaming or storage, as well as a de facto standard of digital audio compression for the transfer and playback of music on most digital audio players.

Q1: What is the common name for MPEG-2 Audio Layer III?
A1: MP3
Q2: What kind of audio is the coding format for?
A2: digital
Q3: Other than storage, what is the common audio format used for?
A3: consumer audio streaming
Q4: What does MP3 use to format it's data?
A4: lossy data compression
Q5: Where will MP3 files most commonly be found?
A5: digital audio players
Textual_criticism (Language and literature)

Maas comments further that "A dictation revised by the author must be regarded as equivalent to an autograph manuscript". The lack of autograph manuscripts applies to many cultures other than Greek and Roman. In such a situation, a key objective becomes the identification of the first exemplar before any split in the tradition. That exemplar is known as the archetype. "If we succeed in establishing the text of [the archetype], the constitutio (reconstruction of the original) is considerably advanced.

Q1: What is the first goal when attempting to analyze a new text?
A1: identification of the first exemplar
Q2: Why is finding the first exemplar important in textual criticism?
A2: split in the tradition
Q3: The exemplar is otherwise known as what?
A3: the archetype
Q4: The final product of reconstruction is known as what?
A4: the constitutio
Macintosh (Engineering and technology)

Mac OS continued to evolve up to version 9.2.2, including retrofits such as the addition of a nanokernel and support for Multiprocessing Services 2.0 in Mac OS 8.6, though its dated architecture made replacement necessary. Initially developed in the Pascal programming language, it was substantially rewritten in C++ for System 7. From its beginnings on an 8 MHz machine with 128 KB of RAM, it had grown to support Apple's latest 1 GHz G4-equipped Macs. Since its architecture was laid down, features that were already common on Apple's competition, like preemptive multitasking and protected memory, had become feasible on the kind of hardware Apple manufactured. As such, Apple introduced Mac OS X, a fully overhauled Unix-based successor to Mac OS 9. OS X uses Darwin, XNU, and Mach as foundations, and is based on NeXTSTEP. It was released to the public in September 2000, as the Mac OS X Public Beta, featuring a revamped user interface called "Aqua". At US$29.99, it allowed adventurous Mac users to sample Apple's new operating system and provide feedback for the actual release. The initial version of Mac OS X, 10.0 "Cheetah", was released on March 24, 2001. Older Mac OS applications could still run under early Mac OS X versions, using an environment called "Classic". Subsequent releases of Mac OS X included 10.1 "Puma" (2001), 10.2 "Jaguar" (2002), 10.3 "Panther" (2003) and 10.4 "Tiger" (2005).

Q1: What did dated architecture on the Mac OS line make necessary?
A1: replacement
Q2: What programming language was the Mac OS initially developed in?
A2: Pascal
Q3: What language replaced Pascal for System 7?
A3: C++
Q4: What was the fuly overhauled successor to Mac OS 9?
A4: Mac OS X
Q5: Upon release, what interface allowed Mac users to sample Apple's new operating system and provide feedback for the actual release?
A5: Aqua
Philosophy_of_space_and_time (Philosophy and religion)

Mach argued that, in effect, the water experiment in an otherwise empty universe would remain flat. But if another object were introduced into this universe, perhaps a distant star, there would now be something relative to which the bucket could be seen as rotating. The water inside the bucket could possibly have a slight curve. To account for the curve that we observe, an increase in the number of objects in the universe also increases the curvature in the water. Mach argued that the momentum of an object, whether angular or linear, exists as a result of the sum of the effects of other objects in the universe (Mach's Principle).

Q1: What did Mach argue about the water experiment in an otherwise empty universe?
A1: would remain flat
Q2: What did Mach argue would happen if another object were introduce in the bucket's universe?
A2: the bucket could be seen as rotating
Q3: What does the increase in the number of objects in the universe do to the curvature of the water?
A3: increases the curvature
Q4: The Mach argument is called what?
A4: Mach's Principle
Q5: Mach argued that the momentum of an object exists as a result of the sum of the effects of what?
A5: effects of other objects in the universe
Philosophy_of_space_and_time (Philosophy and religion)

Mach suggested that thought experiments like the bucket argument are problematic. If we were to imagine a universe that only contains a bucket, on Newton's account, this bucket could be set to spin relative to absolute space, and the water it contained would form the characteristic concave surface. But in the absence of anything else in the universe, it would be difficult to confirm that the bucket was indeed spinning. It seems equally possible that the surface of the water in the bucket would remain flat.

Q1: How did Mach describe thought experiments like the bucket argument?
A1: problematic
Q2: What is difficult to confirm about the bucket in the absence of anything else in the universe?
A2: that the bucket was indeed spinning
Q3: What was equally possible about the surface of the water in the bucket?
A3: would remain flat.
Computer (Engineering and technology)

Machine languages and the assembly languages that represent them (collectively termed low-level programming languages) tend to be unique to a particular type of computer. For instance, an ARM architecture computer (such as may be found in a PDA or a hand-held videogame) cannot understand the machine language of an Intel Pentium or the AMD Athlon 64 computer that might be in a PC.

Q1: An ARM architecture computer can be found in what?
A1: a PDA or a hand-held videogame
Light-emitting_diode (Engineering and technology)

Machine vision systems often require bright and homogeneous illumination, so features of interest are easier to process. LEDs are often used for this purpose, and this is likely to remain one of their major uses until the price drops low enough to make signaling and illumination uses more widespread. Barcode scanners are the most common example of machine vision, and many low cost products use red LEDs instead of lasers. Optical computer mice are an example of LEDs in machine vision, as it is used to provide an even light source on the surface for the miniature camera within the mouse. LEDs constitute a nearly ideal light source for machine vision systems for several reasons:

Q1: LEDs are often used for what type of systems?
A1: Machine vision
Q2: Why are LEDs preferred for machine vision systems?
A2: so features of interest are easier to process
Q3: What can help make LEDs more widely used?
A3: price drops
Q4: What is the most common example of a machine vision system?
A4: Barcode scanners
Q5: Where are some LEDs in machine vision systems found?
A5: Optical computer mice