LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Hunting (Sports and recreation)

However, excessive hunting and poachers have also contributed heavily to the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals, such as the quagga, the great auk, Steller's sea cow, the thylacine, the bluebuck, the Arabian oryx, the Caspian and Javan tigers, the markhor, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the bison, the North American cougar, the Altai argali sheep, the Asian elephant and many more, primarily for commercial sale or sport. All these animals have been hunted to endangerment or extinction.

Q1: What has excessive hunting contributed heavily to?
A1: the endangerment, extirpation and extinction of many animals
Q2: What do Steller's sea cow, the bluebuck, and the Javan tigers all have in common?
A2: extinction
Q3: Why have poachers killed endangered animals?
A3: primarily for commercial sale or sport.
Q4: How have the North American cougar and Asian elephant been hunted?
A4: to endangerment or extinction
Q5: How is excessive hunting related to the extinction of species?
A5: contributed heavily
Q6: What contributes to endangerment?
A6: excessive hunting
Q7: What have poachers contributed to hunting?
A7: endangerment
Friedrich_Hayek (Social sciences and society)

However, for his part, Hayek found this term "singularly unattractive" and offered the term "Old Whig" (a phrase borrowed from Edmund Burke) instead. In his later life, he said, "I am becoming a Burkean Whig." However, Whiggery as a political doctrine had little affinity for classical political economy, the tabernacle of the Manchester School and William Gladstone. His essay has served as an inspiration to other liberal-minded economists wishing to distinguish themselves from conservative thinkers, for example James M. Buchanan's essay "Why I, Too, Am Not a Conservative: The Normative Vision of Classical Liberalism".

Q1: What did Hayek suggest as an alternative to being called a libertarian?
A1: Old Whig
Q2: In opposition to conservatives, what group has Hayek's work influenced?
A2: liberal-minded economists
Q3: Who wrote an essay as a result of Hayek's "Why I Am Not a Conservative"?
A3: James M. Buchanan
Q4: From whom did Hayek acquire the term he proposed as an alternative to libertarian?
A4: Edmund Burke
Q5: In his later years, what term did Hayek use to describe himself?
A5: a Burkean Whig
Exhibition_game (Sports and recreation)

However, from 1971 to 1975, NBA teams played preseason exhibitions against American Basketball Association teams. In the early days of the NBA, league clubs sometimes challenged the legendary barnstorming Harlem Globetrotters, with mixed success. The NBA has played preseason games in Europe and Asia. In the 2006 and 2007 seasons, the NBA and the primary European club competition, the Euroleague, conducted a preseason tournament featuring two NBA teams and the finalists from that year's Euroleague.[citation needed] In the 1998-99 and 2011-12 seasons, teams were limited to only two preseason games due to lockouts.

Q1: When did the NBA play preseason games against the ABA?
A1: 1971 to 1975
Q2: What legendary team did the NBA sometimes formerly play against?
A2: Harlem Globetrotters
Q3: On what continents have NBA teams played preseason games outside the US?
A3: Europe and Asia
Q4: How many preseason games were NBA teams limited to in the 2011-12 season?
A4: two
Q5: What is the main European basketball club?
A5: the Euroleague
European_Central_Bank (Geography and places)

However, if the debt rescheduling causes losses on loans held by European banks, it weakens the private banking system, which then puts pressure on the central bank to come to the aid of those banks. Private-sector bond holders are an integral part of the public and private banking system. Another possible response is for wealthy member countries to guarantee or purchase the debt of countries that have defaulted or are likely to default. This alternative requires that the tax revenues and credit of the wealthy member countries be used to refinance the previous borrowing of the weaker member countries, and is politically controversial.

Q1: What would cause the private banking system to weaken?
A1: if the debt rescheduling causes losses on loans held by European banks
Q2: Who purchases the debt of countries that cannot repay and are in danger of default?
A2: wealthy member countries
Q3: What happens when the private banking system is weakened?
A3: pressure on the central bank to come to the aid of those banks
Q4: What is to be used to guarantee the debtors repayment, by the banks assuming their debt?
A4: tax revenues and credit of the wealthy member countries
Q5: Is using the tax revenues and credit of the more stable banks to bail out the ones in danger of default an accepted practice?
A5: is politically controversial
Institute_of_technology (Engineering and technology)

However, in Bahasa Indonesia, Politeknik carries a rather different meaning than Institut Teknologi. Politeknik provides vocational education and typically offers three-year Diploma degrees, which is similar to associate degrees, instead of full, four-year bachelor's degree and the more advanced Master's and doctoral degrees being offered by an Institut Teknologi.

Q1: Rather than four-year Bachelor's degrees, Politeknik offer a diploma after how many years?
A1: three
Madrasa (Language and literature)

However, in English, the term madrasah usually refers to the specifically Islamic institutions. A typical Islamic school usually offers two courses of study: a ḥifẓ course teaching memorization of the Qur'an (the person who commits the entire Qurʼan to memory is called a ḥāfiẓ); and an ʻālim course leading the candidate to become an accepted scholar in the community. A regular curriculum includes courses in Arabic, tafsir (Qur'anic interpretation), sharīʻah (Islamic law), hadiths (recorded sayings and deeds of Muhammad), mantiq (logic), and Muslim history. In the Ottoman Empire, during the Early Modern Period, the study of hadiths was introduced by Süleyman I. Depending on the educational demands, some madaris also offer additional advanced courses in Arabic literature, English and other foreign languages, as well as science and world history. Ottoman madaris along with religious teachings also taught "styles of writing, grammary, syntax, poetry, composition, natural sciences, political sciences, and etiquette."

Q1: What is the English connotative understanding of the word madrash? 
A1: Islamic institutions
Q2: What is taught through a hifz class or set of classes?
A2: memorization of the Qur'an
Q3: What is shariah?
A3: Islamic law
Q4: What is the discipline taught in mantiq courses?
A4: logic
Q5: What set of courses does someone need to take for preparation to be considered as a scholar?
A5: ʻālim
Federalism (History)

However, in order to manage the tensions present in the Spanish transition to democracy, the drafters of the current Spanish constitution avoided giving labels such as 'federal' to the territorial arrangements. Besides, unlike in the federal system, the main taxes are taken centrally from Madrid (except for the Basque Country and Navarre, which were recognized in the Spanish democratic constitution as charter territories drawing from historical reasons) and then distributed to the Autonomous Communities.

Q1: How did they manage the tensions in the present of Spanish Transition to democracy?
A1: the drafters of the current Spanish constitution avoided giving labels such as 'federal' to the territorial arrangements.
Q2: Which cities are recognized in the Spanish Democratic Constitution? 
A2: Basque Country and Navarre
Q3: Where are the main taxes taken?
A3: Madrid
Law_of_the_United_States (Social sciences and society)

However, it is important to understand that despite the presence of reception statutes, much of contemporary American common law has diverged significantly from English common law. The reason is that although the courts of the various Commonwealth nations are often influenced by each other's rulings, American courts rarely follow post-Revolution Commonwealth rulings unless there is no American ruling on point, the facts and law at issue are nearly identical, and the reasoning is strongly persuasive.

Q1: A lot of American common law diverged from where?
A1: English common law
Q2: When would American courts follow post-revolution commonwealth rulings?
A2: there is no American ruling on point
Q3: Courts in commonwealth nations are often influenced by what?
A3: by each other's rulings
Q4: Most modern American common law came from what kind of law?
A4: English common law
Q5: Couts of commonwealth nations are often influenced by who's rulings?
A5: each other's
Q6: What rulings do American courts rarely follow?
A6: post-Revolution Commonwealth rulings
Q7: What is one reason American courts may follow a post Revolutionary Commonwealth ruling under what circumstances?
A7: there is no American ruling on point
Q8: How close is current American law to English law?
A8: diverged significantly
Q9: What differs about American and English law?
A9: American courts rarely follow post-Revolution Commonwealth rulings
Q10: When would American law be more likely to follow English law?
A10: no American ruling on point
Q11: How close do the issues have to be in order for an English law to be used?
A11: nearly identical
Annelid (Natural sciences)

However, leeches and their closest relatives have a body structure that is very uniform within the group but significantly different from that of other annelids, including other members of the Clitellata. In leeches there are no septa, the connective tissue layer of the body wall is so thick that it occupies much of the body, and the two coelomata are widely separated and run the length of the body. They function as the main blood vessels, although they are side-by-side rather than upper and lower. However, they are lined with mesothelium, like the coelomata and unlike the blood vessels of other annelids. Leeches generally use suckers at their front and rear ends to move like inchworms. The anus is on the upper surface of the pygidium.

Q1: What type of annelids are very different from others?
A1: leeches and their closest relatives
Q2: What type of tissue takes up most of the body of a leech?
A2: connective tissue layer of the body wall
Q3: How many coelomata do leeches have?
A3: two
Q4: What lines the coelomata of leeches?
A4: mesothelium
Q5: What do leeches use to move?
A5: suckers at their front and rear ends
Memory (Social sciences and society)

However, memory performance can be enhanced when material is linked to the learning context, even when learning occurs under stress. A separate study by cognitive psychologists Schwabe and Wolf shows that when retention testing is done in a context similar to or congruent with the original learning task (i.e., in the same room), memory impairment and the detrimental effects of stress on learning can be attenuated. Seventy-two healthy female and male university students, randomly assigned to the SECPT stress test or to a control group, were asked to remember the locations of 15 pairs of picture cards – a computerized version of the card game "Concentration" or "Memory". The room in which the experiment took place was infused with the scent of vanilla, as odour is a strong cue for memory. Retention testing took place the following day, either in the same room with the vanilla scent again present, or in a different room without the fragrance. The memory performance of subjects who experienced stress during the object-location task decreased significantly when they were tested in an unfamiliar room without the vanilla scent (an incongruent context); however, the memory performance of stressed subjects showed no impairment when they were tested in the original room with the vanilla scent (a congruent context). All participants in the experiment, both stressed and unstressed, performed faster when the learning and retrieval contexts were similar.

Q1: What can impact memory performance in a positive way?
A1: when material is linked to the learning context,
Q2: What can the scent of vanilla be used for?
A2: strong cue for memory.
Q3: What did a study performed by Schwabe and wolf show?
A3: memory impairment and the detrimental effects of stress on learning can be attenuated.
Q4: In Schwabe and wolfs study what where particpants asked to memorize?
A4: were asked to remember the locations of 15 pairs of picture cards –
Q5: In their study what was the relationship that both groups shared?
A5: both stressed and unstressed, performed faster when the learning and retrieval contexts were similar.
Serbo-Croatian (Language and literature)

However, most intellectuals and writers from Dalmatia who used the Štokavian dialect and practiced the Catholic faith saw themselves as part of a Croatian nation as far back as the mid-16th to 17th centuries, some 300 years before Serbo-Croatian ideology appeared. Their loyalty was first and foremost to Catholic Christendom, but when they professed an ethnic identity, they referred to themselves as "Slovin" and "Illyrian" (a sort of forerunner of Catholic baroque pan-Slavism) and Croat – these 30-odd writers over the span of c. 350 years always saw themselves as Croats first and never as part of a Serbian nation. It should also be noted that, in the pre-national era, Catholic religious orientation did not necessarily equate with Croat ethnic identity in Dalmatia. A Croatian follower of Vuk Karadžić, Ivan Broz, noted that for a Dalmatian to identify oneself as a Serb was seen as foreign as identifying oneself as Macedonian or Greek. Vatroslav Jagić pointed out in 1864:

Q1: To which group did the people of the Catholic faith refer to themselves primarily?
A1: Catholic Christendom
Q2: After allowing for their religion, did the people of the Catholic faith see themselves as Serbian or Croatian?
A2: Croatian
Q3: Ivan Broz stated that a Dalmatian identifiying as a Serb was just as foreign as what two other ethnicities?
A3: Macedonian or Greek
Exhibition_game (Sports and recreation)

However, most of the major FBS teams annually schedule early season non-conference preseason home games against lesser opponents that are lower-tier FBS, Football Championship, or Division II schools, which often result in lopsided victories in favor of the FBS teams and act as exhibition games in all but name, though they additionally provide a large appearance fee and at least one guaranteed television appearance for the smaller school. These games also receive the same criticism as NFL exhibition games, but instead it is targeted to schools scheduling low-quality opponents and the simplicity for a team to run up the score against a weak opponent. However, these games are susceptible to backfiring, resulting in damage in poll position and public perception, especially if the higher ranked team loses, although the mere act of scheduling a weak opponent is harmful to a team's overall strength of schedule itself. Games an FBS team schedules against lower division opponents do not count toward the minimum seven wins required for bowl eligibility, and only one game against an FCS team can be counted. With the start of the College Football Playoff system for the 2014 season, major teams are now discouraged from scheduling weaker opponents for their non-conference schedule because of a much higher emphasis on strength of schedule than in the Bowl Championship Series era.

Q1: Major FBS teams can have lopsided victories against what kinds of lesser opponents?
A1: lower-tier FBS, Football Championship, or Division II schools
Q2: Why do smaller schools want to play against major FBS teams?
A2: a large appearance fee and at least one guaranteed television appearance
Q3: How many wins are required for an FBS team to be eligible for the bowl?
A3: seven
Q4: How many games between FBS and FCS teams count towards the FBS's bowl eligibility?
A4: one
Q5: When did the College Football Playoff System begin?
A5: 2014
Supreme_court (Language and literature)

However, not all highest courts are named as such. Civil law states do not tend to have singular highest courts. Additionally, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the "Supreme Court", for example, the High Court of Australia; this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the Privy Council. On the other hand, in some places the court named the "Supreme Court" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales, which are all superseded by higher Courts of Appeal.

Q1: What kinds of governed nations may not have a specific, individual high court?
A1: Civil law states
Q2: What is an example of a highest court not being specifically called a Supreme Court?
A2: the High Court of Australia
Q3: To which body can decisions made by this specific high court be appealed?
A3: the Privy Council
Q4: What Canadian courts also are not specifically the highest courts in that country?
A4: the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories
Elevator (History)

However, performance enhancements cannot be generalized as the benefits and limitations of the system are dependent on many factors. One problem is that the system is subject to gaming. Sometimes, one person enters the destination for a large group of people going to the same floor. The dispatching algorithm is usually unable to completely cater for the variation, and latecomers may find the elevator they are assigned to is already full. Also, occasionally, one person may press the floor multiple times. This is common with up/down buttons when people believe this to be an effective way to hurry elevators. However, this will make the computer think multiple people are waiting and will allocate empty cars to serve this one person.

Q1: What is one example of a limitation on the system? 
A1: the system is subject to gaming
Q2: What is generally unable to support variations in the number of people for a particular destination?
A2: The dispatching algorithm
Q3: For what reason do people repeatedly push the up/down buttons on a panel?
A3: people believe this to be an effective way to hurry elevators
Q4: Why is this a bad practice?
A4: this will make the computer think multiple people are waiting and will allocate empty cars to serve this one person
Computer_security (Engineering and technology)

However, relatively few organisations maintain computer systems with effective detection systems, and fewer still have organised response mechanisms in place. As result, as Reuters points out: "Companies for the first time report they are losing more through electronic theft of data than physical stealing of assets". The primary obstacle to effective eradication of cyber crime could be traced to excessive reliance on firewalls and other automated "detection" systems. Yet it is basic evidence gathering by using packet capture appliances that puts criminals behind bars.

Q1: How many organisations are estimated to maintain computer systems with effective detection systems?
A1: relatively few
Q2: What is the basic evidence gathered by that puts criminals behind bars?
A2: packet capture appliances
Q3: The primary obstacle to the eradication of cyber crime is the excessive reliance on what?
A3: firewalls and other automated "detection" systems
Q4: What is the source of the quote?
A4: Reuters
Q5: Electronic theft of data is causing more loss than what? 
A5: physical stealing of assets
MP3 (Engineering and technology)

However, several de facto standards for tag formats exist. As of 2010, the most widespread are ID3v1 and ID3v2, and the more recently introduced APEv2. These tags are normally embedded at the beginning or end of MP3 files, separate from the actual MP3 frame data. MP3 decoders either extract information from the tags, or just treat them as ignorable, non-MP3 junk data.

Q1: Other than the ID3v1, which similar standard format for tag exists?
A1: ID3v2
Q2: What is the most recently introduced standard for tag formatting?
A2: APEv2
Q3: What is the second place in a file that tags are normally stored, with the first being at the beginning?
A3: end
Q4: What is important to note about where the tags are stored?
A4: separate from the actual MP3 frame data
Q5: If the MP3 decoders do not extract information from the tags, what do they do to them?
A5: treat them as ignorable, non-MP3 junk data
Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas (History)

However, since the 20th century, indigenous peoples in the Americas have been more vocal about the ways they wish to be referred to, pressing for the elimination of terms widely considered to be obsolete, inaccurate, or racist. During the latter half of the 20th century and the rise of the Indian rights movement, the United States government responded by proposing the use of the term "Native American," to recognize the primacy of indigenous peoples' tenure in the nation, but this term was not fully accepted. Other naming conventions have been proposed and used, but none are accepted by all indigenous groups.

Q1: What have the peoples in the Americas been more vocal about since the 20th century?
A1: the ways they wish to be referred to
Q2: What terms do the indigenous people press to eliminate?
A2: obsolete, inaccurate, or racist.
Q3: Who initially proposed using the term "Native American" to recognize the primacy of the native population?
A3: United States government
Q4: What naming convention is accepted by all indigenous groups?
A4: none
Canadian_Armed_Forces (Warfare)

However, since the end of the Cold War, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has moved much of its defence focus "out of area", the Canadian military has also become more deeply engaged in international security operations in various other parts of the world – most notably in Afghanistan since 2002.

Q1: What Treaty is the CAF part of?
A1: the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Q2: What type of operation is the Canadian Military involved in?
A2: international security operations
Q3: What country has the Canadian Military worked in the last years?
A3: Afghanistan
Q4: What year did the Canadian Military operation in Afghanistan start?
A4: 2002
Q5: Where is the current focus of the Canadian Military set?
A5: out of area
Sumer (History)

However, some scholars contest the idea of a Proto-Euphratean language or one substrate language. It has been suggested by them and others, that the Sumerian language was originally that of the hunter and fisher peoples, who lived in the marshland and the Eastern Arabia littoral region, and were part of the Arabian bifacial culture. Reliable historical records begin much later; there are none in Sumer of any kind that have been dated before Enmebaragesi (c. 26th century BC). Professor Juris Zarins believes the Sumerians were settled along the coast of Eastern Arabia, today's Persian Gulf region, before it flooded at the end of the Ice Age.

Q1: Some scholars contest that there was only one what?
A1: substrate language
Q2: Who do some scholars think the Sumerian language originally belonged to?
A2: hunter and fisher peoples
Q3: Where did the original Sumerians live?
A3: marshland
Q4: What culture did the peoples who would be called Sumerian have a part in?
A4: Arabian bifacial
Q5: When were the earliest historical records of Sumer?
A5: 26th century BC