LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Virgil (Language and literature)

At Maecenas' insistence (according to the tradition) Virgil spent the ensuing years (perhaps 37–29 BC) on the long didactic hexameter poem called the Georgics (from Greek, "On Working the Earth") which he dedicated to Maecenas. The ostensible theme of the Georgics is instruction in the methods of running a farm. In handling this theme, Virgil follows in the didactic ("how to") tradition of the Greek poet Hesiod's Works and Days and several works of the later Hellenistic poets. The four books of the Georgics focus respectively on raising crops and trees (1 and 2), livestock and horses (3), and beekeeping and the qualities of bees (4). Well-known passages include the beloved Laus Italiae of Book 2, the prologue description of the temple in Book 3, and the description of the plague at the end of Book 3. Book 4 concludes with a long mythological narrative, in the form of an epyllion which describes vividly the discovery of beekeeping by Aristaeus and the story of Orpheus' journey to the underworld. Ancient scholars, such as Servius, conjectured that the Aristaeus episode replaced, at the emperor's request, a long section in praise of Virgil's friend, the poet Gallus, who was disgraced by Augustus, and who committed suicide in 26 BC.

Q1: Which long didactic hexameter poem did Virgil work on for several years?
A1: Georgics
Q2: To whom was Georgics dedicated to?
A2: Maecenas
Q3: The theme of Georgics is instruction in the methods of what?
A3: running a farm
Q4: Which of Virgil's poet friends committed suicide in 26 BC?
A4: Gallus
Q5: Who was Gallus disgraced by?
A5: Augustus
Richard_Feynman (Mathematics)

At Princeton, the physicist Robert R. Wilson encouraged Feynman to participate in the Manhattan Project—the wartime U.S. Army project at Los Alamos developing the atomic bomb. Feynman said he was persuaded to join this effort to build it before Nazi Germany developed their own bomb. He was assigned to Hans Bethe's theoretical division and impressed Bethe enough to be made a group leader. He and Bethe developed the Bethe–Feynman formula for calculating the yield of a fission bomb, which built upon previous work by Robert Serber.

Q1: Which weaponry research did Feynman engage in?
A1: Manhattan Project
Q2: Whose division was Feynman assigned to at the Manhattan Project?
A2: Hans Bethe
Q3: What did Feynman produce with the help of Bethe?
A3: Bethe–Feynman formula
Q4: What was the purpose of the Bethe-Feynman formula?
A4: calculating the yield of a fission bomb
Q5: Who had previously worked on fission bomb yields before Feynman?
A5: Robert Serber
Kanye_West (Music)

At a December 2008 press conference in New Zealand, West spoke about his mother's death for the first time. "It was like losing an arm and a leg and trying to walk through that", he told reporters.

Q1: Where did Kanye first speak on his mother's death?
A1: New Zealand
Q2: Where did Kanye West first speak about his mother's death?
A2: New Zealand
Alloy (Mathematics)

At a certain temperature, (usually between 1,500 °F (820 °C) and 1,600 °F (870 °C), depending on carbon content), the base metal of steel undergoes a change in the arrangement of the atoms in its crystal matrix, called allotropy. This allows the small carbon atoms to enter the interstices of the iron crystal, diffusing into the iron matrix. When this happens, the carbon atoms are said to be in solution, or mixed with the iron, forming a single, homogeneous, crystalline phase called austenite. If the steel is cooled slowly, the iron will gradually change into its low temperature allotrope. When this happens the carbon atoms will no longer be soluble with the iron, and will be forced to precipitate out of solution, nucleating into the spaces between the crystals. The steel then becomes heterogeneous, being formed of two phases; the carbon (carbide) phase cementite, and ferrite. This type of heat treatment produces steel that is rather soft and bendable. However, if the steel is cooled quickly the carbon atoms will not have time to precipitate. When rapidly cooled, a diffusionless (martensite) transformation occurs, in which the carbon atoms become trapped in solution. This causes the iron crystals to deform intrinsically when the crystal structure tries to change to its low temperature state, making it very hard and brittle.

Q1: What is the name of steel when it is being formed of two phases?
A1: heterogeneous
Q2: What are the two phases when steel becomes heterogenous?
A2: carbon (carbide) phase cementite, and ferrite
Q3: What are the characteristics of steel if it is cooled to quickly?
A3: very hard and brittle
Q4: Soft and bendable steel is caused by what?
A4: If the steel is cooled slowly
Q5: Allotrophy happens between what temperatures?
A5: 1,500 °F (820 °C) and 1,600 °F (870 °C)
Chihuahua_(state) (History)

At a convention of citizens called to select a new provisional ruler, Gutierrez obtained the vote, with P. J. Escalante for his deputy, and a council to guide the administration. Santa Anna ordered the reinstatement of Mendarozqueta as comandante general. Gutiérrez yielded, but Escalante refused to surrender office, demonstrations of support ensued, but Escalante yielded when troops were summoned from Zacatecas. A new election brought a new legislature, and conforming governors. In September 1835 José Urrea a federalist army officer came into power.

Q1: Who did Santa Anna order the reinstatement as comandante general?
A1: Mendarozqueta
Q2: What was the name of the federalist army officer who eventually came into power during the new election?
A2: José Urrea
Q3: Who had actually won the original vote?
A3: Gutierrez
Q4: Who was his deputy?
A4: P. J. Escalante
Q5: Who refused to yield until troops were summoned?
A5: Escalante
Identity_(social_science) (Philosophy and religion)

At a general level, self-psychology is compelled to investigate the question of how the personal self relates to the social environment. To the extent that these theories place themselves in the tradition of "psychological" social psychology, they focus on explaining an individual's actions within a group in terms of mental events and states. However, some "sociological" social psychology theories go further by attempting to deal with the issue of identity at both the levels of individual cognition and of collective behavior.

Q1: Self-psychology is compelled to investigate how personal self relates to what?
A1: the social environment
Q2: What two factors are focused on when explaining an individual's actions within a group?
A2: mental events and states
Q3: What are individual cognition and collective behavior are levels of?
A3: identity
High-definition_television (Engineering and technology)

At a minimum, HDTV has twice the linear resolution of standard-definition television (SDTV), thus showing greater detail than either analog television or regular DVD. The technical standards for broadcasting HDTV also handle the 16:9 aspect ratio images without using letterboxing or anamorphic stretching, thus increasing the effective image resolution.

Q1: At least how many times more linear resolution does HDTV have over SDTV?
A1: twice
Q2: HDTV increases the effective image resolution by not using what?
A2: letterboxing or anamorphic stretching
Q3: What does SDTV stand for?
A3: standard-definition television
Q4: HDTV handles what aspect ratio without using letterboxing or anamorphic stretching?
A4: 16:9
Association_football (History)

At a professional level, most matches produce only a few goals. For example, the 2005–06 season of the English Premier League produced an average of 2.48 goals per match. The Laws of the Game do not specify any player positions other than goalkeeper, but a number of specialised roles have evolved. Broadly, these include three main categories: strikers, or forwards, whose main task is to score goals; defenders, who specialise in preventing their opponents from scoring; and midfielders, who dispossess the opposition and keep possession of the ball to pass it to the forwards on their team. Players in these positions are referred to as outfield players, to distinguish them from the goalkeeper. These positions are further subdivided according to the area of the field in which the player spends most time. For example, there are central defenders, and left and right midfielders. The ten outfield players may be arranged in any combination. The number of players in each position determines the style of the team's play; more forwards and fewer defenders creates a more aggressive and offensive-minded game, while the reverse creates a slower, more defensive style of play. While players typically spend most of the game in a specific position, there are few restrictions on player movement, and players can switch positions at any time. The layout of a team's players is known as a formation. Defining the team's formation and tactics is usually the prerogative of the team's manager.

Q1: What is the only position specified by the Laws of the Game
A1: goalkeeper
Q2: The focus of strikers and forwards are to do what?
A2: score goals
Q3: Who's job is to prevent the opponents from scoring?
A3: defenders
Q4:  A team players layout is a what?
A4: formation
Q5: Who's the most responsible for the teams tactics?
A5: team's manager
General_Electric (Engineering and technology)

At about the same time, Charles Coffin, leading the Thomson-Houston Electric Company, acquired a number of competitors and gained access to their key patents. General Electric was formed through the 1892 merger of Edison General Electric Company of Schenectady, New York, and Thomson-Houston Electric Company of Lynn, Massachusetts, with the support of Drexel, Morgan & Co. Both plants continue to operate under the GE banner to this day. The company was incorporated in New York, with the Schenectady plant used as headquarters for many years thereafter. Around the same time, General Electric's Canadian counterpart, Canadian General Electric, was formed.

Q1: In what year was General Electric formed?
A1: 1892
Q2: In which US state was GE incorporated?
A2: New York
Q3: Which city was the home of GE's first headquarters?
A3: Schenectady
Q4: Who led the Thomson-Houston Electric Company when GE was formed?
A4: Charles Coffin
Q5: Where was the Thomson-Houston Electric Company based?
A5: Lynn, Massachusetts
Humanism (Philosophy and religion)

At about the same time, the word "humanism" as a philosophy centred on humankind (as opposed to institutionalised religion) was also being used in Germany by the so-called Left Hegelians, Arnold Ruge, and Karl Marx, who were critical of the close involvement of the church in the repressive German government. There has been a persistent confusion between the several uses of the terms: philanthropic humanists look to what they consider their antecedents in critical thinking and human-centered philosophy among the Greek philosophers and the great figures of Renaissance history; and scholarly humanists stress the linguistic and cultural disciplines needed to understand and interpret these philosophers and artists.

Q1: What was the main difference between humanism and the religions of the time?
A1: centred on humankind
Q2: What well known socialist adopted the usage of this term in Germany?
A2: Karl Marx
Q3: Who did benevolent believers in humanism turn to for ideas about the philosophy?
A3: Greek philosophers
Q4: Where did the learned believers place their focus?
A4: linguistic and cultural disciplines
Edmund_Burke (History)

At about this same time, Burke was introduced to William Gerard Hamilton (known as "Single-speech Hamilton"). When Hamilton was appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, Burke accompanied him to Dublin as his private secretary, a position he held for three years. In 1765 Burke became private secretary to the liberal Whig statesman, Charles, Marquess of Rockingham, then Prime Minister of Great Britain, who remained Burke's close friend and associate until his untimely death in 1782. Rockingham also introduced Burke as a Freemason.

Q1: What was William Gerard Hamilton's nickname?
A1: Single-speech Hamilton
Q2: Who was William Gerard Hamilton's private secretary?
A2: Burke
Q3: When did Burke become the Prime Minister's private secretary?
A3: 1765
Q4: Who invited Burke to join the Freemasons?
A4: Charles, Marquess of Rockingham
Q5: What political party was Charles, Marquess of Rockingham in?
A5: Whig
Alsace (History)

At about this time the surrounding areas experienced recurring fragmentation and reincorporations among a number of feudal secular and ecclesiastical lordships, a common process in the Holy Roman Empire. Alsace experienced great prosperity during the 12th and 13th centuries under Hohenstaufen emperors. Frederick I set up Alsace as a province (a procuratio, not a provincia) to be ruled by ministeriales, a non-noble class of civil servants. The idea was that such men would be more tractable and less likely to alienate the fief from the crown out of their own greed. The province had a single provincial court (Landgericht) and a central administration with its seat at Hagenau. Frederick II designated the Bishop of Strasbourg to administer Alsace, but the authority of the bishop was challenged by Count Rudolf of Habsburg, who received his rights from Frederick II's son Conrad IV. Strasbourg began to grow to become the most populous and commercially important town in the region. In 1262, after a long struggle with the ruling bishops, its citizens gained the status of free imperial city. A stop on the Paris-Vienna-Orient trade route, as well as a port on the Rhine route linking southern Germany and Switzerland to the Netherlands, England and Scandinavia, it became the political and economic center of the region. Cities such as Colmar and Hagenau also began to grow in economic importance and gained a kind of autonomy within the "Decapole" or "Dekapolis", a federation of ten free towns.

Q1: What was considered a common practice in during the Holy Roman Empire?
A1: fragmentation and reincorporations among a number of feudal secular and ecclesiastical lordships
Q2: Under who's rule did Alsace thrive under?
A2: Hohenstaufen emperors
Q3: Was was the name given to the Alsace provincinal court?
A3: Landgericht
Q4: What was the name of the route that linked Germany,Switzerland , Netherlands, and England
A4: Paris-Vienna-Orient trade route
Q5: Which other two cities also started to grow economically?
A5: Colmar and Hagenau
Beyoncé (Music)

At age eight, Beyoncé and childhood friend Kelly Rowland met LaTavia Roberson while in an audition for an all-girl entertainment group. They were placed into a group with three other girls as Girl's Tyme, and rapped and danced on the talent show circuit in Houston. After seeing the group, R&B producer Arne Frager brought them to his Northern California studio and placed them in Star Search, the largest talent show on national TV at the time. Girl's Tyme failed to win, and Beyoncé later said the song they performed was not good. In 1995 Beyoncé's father resigned from his job to manage the group. The move reduced Beyoncé's family's income by half, and her parents were forced to move into separated apartments. Mathew cut the original line-up to four and the group continued performing as an opening act for other established R&B girl groups. The girls auditioned before record labels and were finally signed to Elektra Records, moving to Atlanta Records briefly to work on their first recording, only to be cut by the company. This put further strain on the family, and Beyoncé's parents separated. On October 5, 1995, Dwayne Wiggins's Grass Roots Entertainment signed the group. In 1996, the girls began recording their debut album under an agreement with Sony Music, the Knowles family reunited, and shortly after, the group got a contract with Columbia Records.

Q1: Who decided to place Beyonce's group in Star Search the talent show?
A1: Arne Frager
Q2: In 1995, who decided to manage the girls singing group?
A2: Beyoncé's father
Q3: Who was the first record label to give the girls a record deal?
A3: Elektra Records
Q4: Who brought Beyonce to California and enter her group in Star Search?
A4: Arne Frager
Q5: In what year did Beyonce's father quit his job to manage her group?
A5: 1995
Q6: What large record company recorded Beyonce's group's first album?
A6: Sony Music
Q7: What record company first signed Beyonce's group and later cut them?
A7: Elektra Records
Q8: At what age did Beyonce meet LaTavia Robertson?
A8: age eight
Q9: How old was Beyoncé when she met LaTavia Roberson?
A9: eight
Q10: What was the name of the first group Beyoncé was a part of?
A10: Girl's Tyme
Q11: Who placed Girl's Tyme in Star Search?
A11: Arne Frager
Q12: When did Beyoncé begin to manage the girl group?
A12: 1995
Q13: Who signed the girl group on October 5, 1995?
A13: Dwayne Wiggins's Grass Roots Entertainment
Airport (Engineering and technology)

At all airports the use of a traffic pattern (often called a traffic circuit outside the U.S.) is possible. They may help to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There is no technical need within modern aviation for performing this pattern, provided there is no queue. And due to the so-called SLOT-times, the overall traffic planning tend to assure landing queues are avoided. If for instance an aircraft approaches runway 17 (which has a heading of approx. 170 degrees) from the north (coming from 360/0 degrees heading towards 180 degrees), the aircraft will land as fast as possible by just turning 10 degrees and follow the glidepath, without orbit the runway for visual reasons, whenever this is possible. For smaller piston engined airplanes at smaller airfields without ILS equipment, things are very differently though.

Q1: What is a traffic pattern often called outside of the U.S.?
A1: traffic pattern
Q2: What assures smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft?
A2: traffic pattern
Q3: Due to this, the overall traffic planning tend to assure landing queues are avoided.
A3: so-called SLOT-times
Queen_Victoria (History)

At birth, Victoria was fifth in the line of succession after her father and his three older brothers: the Prince Regent, the Duke of York, and the Duke of Clarence (later William IV). The Prince Regent and the Duke of York were estranged from their wives, who were both past child-bearing age, so the two eldest brothers were unlikely to have any further children. The Dukes of Kent and Clarence married on the same day 12 months before Victoria's birth, but both of Clarence's daughters (born in 1819 and 1820 respectively) died as infants. Victoria's grandfather and father died in 1820, within a week of each other, and the Duke of York died in 1827. On the death of her uncle George IV in 1830, Victoria became heiress presumptive to her next surviving uncle, William IV. The Regency Act 1830 made special provision for the Duchess of Kent to act as regent in case William died while Victoria was still a minor. King William distrusted the Duchess's capacity to be regent, and in 1836 declared in her presence that he wanted to live until Victoria's 18th birthday, so that a regency could be avoided.

Q1: What was Victorias place in line of succession to the throne when she was born?
A1: fifth
Q2: What year did Victoria's father and grandfather die?
A2: 1820
Q3: What was th elength of time between the deaths of Victoria's father and grandfather?
A3: within a week of each other
Q4: What year did the Duke of York die?
A4: 1827
Q5: What year did Victorias Uncle George IV die?
A5: 1830
Q6: What place was Victoria in the line of succession after her birth? 
A6: fifth
Q7: Whose infant daugheters both died, leaving him without an heir to the throne of England? 
A7: Duke of Clarence
Q8: When did George IV die? 
A8: 1830
Q9: What was the Regency Act of 1830?
A9: made special provision for the Duchess of Kent to act as regent in case William died while Victoria was still a minor.
Q10: Who distrusted the Duchesses capability to reign in Victoria's place until she became of age? 
A10: King William
Q11: Where did Victoria fall in the line of succession?
A11: fifth
Q12: Who came in line for the throne before Victoria?
A12: her father and his three older brothers
Q13: What happened when Victoria's Uncle George IV died?
A13: became heiress presumptive to her next surviving uncle
Q14: Who was Victoria's last surviving uncle?
A14: William IV
Q15: Who was to act as regent if George died while Victoria was still a minor?
A15: Duchess of Kent
Southampton (Geography and places)

At certain times of the year, The Queen Mary 2, Queen Elizabeth and Queen Victoria may all visit Southampton at the same time, in an event commonly called 'Arrival of the Three Queens'.

Q1: What does Southampton call the event when three ships named after queens all visit the city?
A1: Arrival of the Three Queens
Q2: Which of the "Three Queens" has a number in its name?
A2: Queen Mary 2
Q3: Along with the Queen Mary 2 and Queen Victoria, which third ship must be present for the 'Arrival of the Three Queens'?
A3: Queen Elizabeth
Korean_War (Warfare)

At dawn on Sunday, 25 June 1950, the Korean People's Army crossed the 38th parallel behind artillery fire. The KPA justified its assault with the claim that ROK troops had attacked first, and that they were aiming to arrest and execute the "bandit traitor Syngman Rhee". Fighting began on the strategic Ongjin peninsula in the west. There were initial South Korean claims that they had captured the city of Haeju, and this sequence of events has led some scholars to argue that the South Koreans actually fired first.

Q1: Who provoked a conflict by crossing the 38th parallel?
A1: Korean People's Army
Q2: Where did the fighting begin?
A2: Ongjin peninsula
Q3: Who claimed to have taken control of Haeju?
A3: the South Koreans
Q4: Who questioned the claim that South Korean did not provoke the KPA?
A4: scholars
Q5: Who was the Korean People's Army trying to execute?
A5: Syngman Rhee
Airport (Engineering and technology)

At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air.

Q1: At an extremely large airport, what is in place but not usually used?
A1: a circuit
Q2: What is the frequency called that is used by departing aircraft for the purpose of requesting approach clearance?
A2: Clearance Delivery
Q3: Which aircraft request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport?
A3: commercial with long routes