LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
2008_Sichuan_earthquake (Natural sciences)

Initially, officials were unable to contact the Wolong National Nature Reserve, home to around 280 giant pandas. However, the Foreign Ministry later said that a group of 31 British tourists visiting the Wolong Panda Reserve in the quake-hit area returned safe and uninjured to Chengdu. Nonetheless, the well-being of an even greater number of pandas in the neighbouring panda reserves remained unknown. Five security guards at the reserve were killed by the earthquake. Six pandas escaped after their enclosures were damaged. By May 20, two pandas at the reserve were found to be injured, while the search continued for another two adult pandas that went missing after the quake. By May 28, 2008, one panda was still missing. The missing panda was later found dead under the rubble of an enclosure. Nine-year-old Mao Mao, a mother of five at the breeding center, was discovered on Monday, her body crushed by a wall in her enclosure. Panda keepers and other workers placed her remains in a small wooden crate and buried her outside the breeding centre.

Q1: What place could officials not contact?
A1: the Wolong National Nature Reserve
Q2: How many pandas live at the Reserve?
A2: around 280
Q3: How many British visitors to the Reserve left unharmed?
A3: 31
Q4: How many pandas were injured?
A4: 2
Q5: What nature center was cutoff?
A5: Wolong National Nature Reserve
Q6: How many pandas escaped the reserve?
A6: Six
Q7: How many security guards died at the reserve?
A7: five
Q8: What famous panda was killed under the rubble?
A8: Mao Mao
Buddhism (Philosophy and religion)

Initially, prajñā is attained at a conceptual level by means of listening to sermons (dharma talks), reading, studying, and sometimes reciting Buddhist texts and engaging in discourse. Once the conceptual understanding is attained, it is applied to daily life so that each Buddhist can verify the truth of the Buddha's teaching at a practical level. Notably, one could in theory attain Nirvana at any point of practice, whether deep in meditation, listening to a sermon, conducting the business of one's daily life, or any other activity.

Q1: Initially prajna is attained at a conceptual level by means of listening to what?
A1: sermons
Q2: In theory when can one attain Nirvana during practice?
A2: at any point
Q3: What can be applied to daily life once it is attained?
A3: conceptual understanding
Cyprus (Geography and places)

Initially, the Turkish Cypriots favoured the continuation of the British rule. However, they were alarmed by the Greek Cypriot calls for enosis as they saw the union of Crete with Greece, which led to the exodus of Cretan Turks, as a precedent to be avoided, and they took a pro-partition stance in response to the militant activity of EOKA. The Turkish Cypriots also viewed themselves as a distinct ethnic group of the island and believed in their having a separate right to self-determination from Greek Cypriots. Meanwhile, in the 1950s, Turkish leader Menderes considered Cyprus an "extension of Anatolia", rejected the partition of Cyprus along ethnic lines and favoured the annexation of the whole island to Turkey. Nationalistic slogans centred on the idea that "Cyprus is Turkish" and the ruling party declared Cyprus to be a part of the Turkish homeland that was vital to its security. Upon realising the fact that the Turkish Cypriot population was only 20% of the islanders made annexation unfeasible, the national policy was changed to favour partition. The slogan "Partition or Death" was frequently used in Turkish Cypriot and Turkish protests starting in the late 1950s and continuing throughout the 1960s. Although after the Zürich and London conferences Turkey seemed to accept the existence of the Cypriot state and to distance itself from its policy of favouring the partition of the island, the goal of the Turkish and Turkish Cypriot leaders remained that of creating an independent Turkish state in the northern part of the island.

Q1: Initially Turkish Cypriots favoured the continued rule of what Western power?
A1: British
Q2: Who viewed themselves as a distinct ethnic group of the island of Cyprus?
A2: Turkish Cypriots
Q3: What percentage of the population did Turkish Cypriots make up?
A3: 20%
Q4: What slogan was frequently used in Turkish Cypriot protests?
A4: "Partition or Death"
BBC_Television (Media and drama)

Initially, the station's range was officially a 40 kilometres radius of the Alexandra Palace transmitter—in practice, however, transmissions could be picked up a good deal further away, and on one occasion in 1938 were picked up by engineers at RCA in New York, who were experimenting with a British television set.

Q1: How far from its studio could the BBC's broadcast originally reach?
A1: 40 kilometres
Q2: In what year were BBC broadcasts seen in the United States?
A2: 1938
Q3: What company did the U.S. engineers who saw the BBC broadcast work for?
A3: RCA
Q4: What did the RCA employees use in order to receive the BBC signal?
A4: a British television set
Adult_contemporary_music (Music)

Initially, the vocalists consisted of artists such as Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Connie Francis, Nat King Cole, Perry Como, and others. The custom recordings were usually instrumental versions of current or recent rock and roll or pop hit songs, a move intended to give the stations more mass appeal without selling out. Some stations would also occasionally play earlier big band-era recordings from the 1940s and early 1950s.

Q1: Along with Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Nat King Cole, and Perry Como, who was a prominent early adult contemporary radio artist?
A1: Connie Francis
Q2: What type of covers of pop and rock songs were usually played on adult contemporary?
A2: instrumental
Q3: What songs from the 1940s and 1950s would adult contemporary stations play?
A3: big band-era recordings
Unicode (Engineering and technology)

Injective mappings must be provided between characters in existing legacy character sets and characters in Unicode to facilitate conversion to Unicode and allow interoperability with legacy software. Lack of consistency in various mappings between earlier Japanese encodings such as Shift-JIS or EUC-JP and Unicode led to round-trip format conversion mismatches, particularly the mapping of the character JIS X 0208 '～' (1-33, WAVE DASH), heavily used in legacy database data, to either U+FF5E ～ FULLWIDTH TILDE (in Microsoft Windows) or U+301C 〜 WAVE DASH (other vendors).

Q1: What kind of mappings must be provided between characters in existing legacy character sets and those in Unicode?
A1: Injective mappings
Q2: A lack of consistency between what earlier Japanese encodings and unicode led to mismatches?
A2: Shift-JIS or EUC-JP
Q3: what is the fullwidth tilde character code in Microsoft Windows?
A3: U+FF5E
Namibia (Social sciences and society)

Inline hockey was first played in 1995 and has also become more and more popular in the last years. The Women's inline hockey National Team participated in the 2008 FIRS World Championships. Namibia is the home for one of the toughest footraces in the world, the Namibian ultra marathon. The most famous athlete from Namibia is Frankie Fredericks, sprinter (100 and 200 m). He won four Olympic silver medals (1992, 1996) and also has medals from several World Athletics Championships. He is also known for humanitarian activities in Namibia and beyond.

Q1: What popular sport was first played in Namibia in 1995?
A1: Inline hockey
Q2: Which team participated in the 2008 FIRS World Championship?
A2: Women's inline hockey National Team
Q3: What is the toughest footrace around the world?
A3: Namibian ultra marathon
Q4: Who is the most famous athlete from Namibia?
A4: Frankie Fredericks
Q5: What sport does the most famous Namibian athlete participate in?
A5: sprinter
Sexual_orientation (Natural sciences)

Innate bisexuality is an idea introduced by Sigmund Freud. According to this theory, all humans are born bisexual in a very broad sense of the term, that of incorporating general aspects of both sexes. In Freud's view, this was true anatomically and therefore also psychologically, with sexual attraction to both sexes being one part of this psychological bisexuality. Freud believed that in the course of sexual development the masculine side would normally become dominant in men and the feminine side in women, but that as adults everyone still has desires derived from both the masculine and the feminine sides of their natures. Freud did not claim that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders.

Q1: What idea did Sigmund Freud bring to the table?
A1: Innate bisexuality
Q2: What does Sigmunds idea theorize?
A2: all humans are born bisexual
Q3: Why did SIgmund believe all humans are born bisexual?
A3: this was true anatomically and therefore also psychologically, with sexual attraction to both sexes being one part of this psychological bisexuality
Q4: What does Sigmund believe we all as adults desire?
A4: both the masculine and the feminine sides of their natures
Q5: Even though Sigmund believed all people where born bisexual what did he not believe to be true?
A5: that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders
Westminster_Abbey (Art and architecture)

Inner and outer vestibules lead to the octagonal chapter house, which is of exceptional architectural purity. It is built in a Geometrical Gothic style with an octagonal crypt below. A pier of eight shafts carries the vaulted ceiling. To the sides are blind arcading, remains of 14th-century paintings and numerous stone benches above which are innovatory large 4-light quatre-foiled windows. These are virtually contemporary with the Sainte-Chapelle, Paris.

Q1: What style is the octagonal chapter house?
A1: Geometrical Gothic style
Q2: There is an octagonal what below the chapter house?
A2: crypt
Q3: What kind of ceiling is in the chapter house?
A3: vaulted
Q4: What kind of windows are in the chapter house?
A4: 4-light quatre-foiled windows
Q5: The architecture of the chapter house is contemporary with what?
A5: the Sainte-Chapelle, Paris
John,_King_of_England (History)

Innocent gave some dispensations as the crisis progressed. Monastic communities were allowed to celebrate Mass in private from 1209 onwards, and late in 1212 the Holy Viaticum for the dying was authorised. The rules on burials and lay access to churches appear to have been steadily circumvented, at least unofficially. Although the interdict was a burden to much of the population, it did not result in rebellion against John. By 1213, though, John was increasingly worried about the threat of French invasion. Some contemporary chroniclers suggested that in January Philip II of France had been charged with deposing John on behalf of the papacy, although it appears that Innocent merely prepared secret letters in case Innocent needed to claim the credit if Philip did successfully invade England.

Q1: Where were Monastic communities allowed to celebrate Mass in private?
A1: 1209
Q2: When was the Holy Viaticum for the dying authorised?
A2: 1212
Q3: What threat was John worried about?
A3: French invasion
Pub (History)

Inns are buildings where travellers can seek lodging and, usually, food and drink. They are typically located in the country or along a highway. In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.[citation needed] Some inns in Europe are several centuries old. In addition to providing for the needs of travellers, inns traditionally acted as community gathering places.

Q1: Aside from lodging, what amenities are often offered at inns?
A1: food and drink
Q2: What road is an inn often located near?
A2: highway
Q3: How many thousand years ago did the Romans build their road system?
A3: two
Q4: About how old are the oldest inns in Europe?
A4: several centuries
Q5: What role did inns serve other than housing travelers?
A5: community gathering places
Queen_(band) (Music)

Innuendo was released in early 1991 with an eponymous number 1 UK hit and other charting singles including, "The Show Must Go On". Mercury was increasingly ill and could barely walk when the band recorded "The Show Must Go On" in 1990. Because of this, May had concerns about whether he was physically capable of singing it. Recalling Mercury's successful performance May states; "he went in and killed it, completely lacerated that vocal". The rest of the band were ready to record when Mercury felt able to come in to the studio, for an hour or two at a time. May says of Mercury: “He just kept saying. 'Write me more. Write me stuff. I want to just sing this and do it and when I am gone you can finish it off.’ He had no fear, really.” The band's second greatest hits compilation, Greatest Hits II, followed in October 1991, which is the eighth best-selling album of all time in the UK and has sold 16 million copies worldwide.

Q1: What was one single from Queen's Innuendo that charted in the UK?
A1: The Show Must Go On
Q2: What was the name of Queen's second greatest hits compilation?
A2: Greatest Hits II
Q3: Which Queen album is the eighth best-selling album in the UK of all time?
A3: Greatest Hits II
Q4: Which band member of Queen was seriously ill in 1991?
A4: Mercury
Q5: Queen's Greatest Hits II has sold how many copies worldwide?
A5: 16 million
Anthropology (Social sciences and society)

Inquiry in sociocultural anthropology is guided in part by cultural relativism, the attempt to understand other societies in terms of their own cultural symbols and values. Accepting other cultures in their own terms moderates reductionism in cross-cultural comparison. This project is often accommodated in the field of ethnography. Ethnography can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research, i.e. an ethnographic monograph. As methodology, ethnography is based upon long-term fieldwork within a community or other research site. Participant observation is one of the foundational methods of social and cultural anthropology. Ethnology involves the systematic comparison of different cultures. The process of participant-observation can be especially helpful to understanding a culture from an emic (conceptual, vs. etic, or technical) point of view.

Q1: What is the attempt to understand other societies on their own terms?
A1: cultural relativism
Q2: What does accepting other cultures in their own terms moderate?
A2: reductionism in cross-cultural comparison
Q3: What can refer to both a methodology and the product of ethnographic research?
A3: Ethnography
Q4: What is one of the foundational methods of social anthropology?
A4: Participant observation
Q5: What is a needlessly complicated word which means "conceptual"?
A5: emic
Somalis (Geography and places)

Inscriptions have been found beneath many of the rock paintings, but archaeologists have so far been unable to decipher this form of ancient writing. During the Stone age, the Doian culture and the Hargeisan culture flourished here with their respective industries and factories.

Q1: Along with the Hargesian culture, what culture was present in Somalia in the Stone age?
A1: the Doian culture
Q2: What undeciphered writings were found alongside the rock paintings?
A2: Inscriptions
Q3: During what period did the Doian culture thrive?
A3: the Stone age
Insect (Natural sciences)

Insect ecology is the scientific study of how insects, individually or as a community, interact with the surrounding environment or ecosystem.:3 Insects play one of the most important roles in their ecosystems, which includes many roles, such as soil turning and aeration, dung burial, pest control, pollination and wildlife nutrition. An example is the beetles, which are scavengers that feed on dead animals and fallen trees and thereby recycle biological materials into forms found useful by other organisms. These insects, and others, are responsible for much of the process by which topsoil is created.:3, 218–228

Q1: Learning how insects interact with the surrounding environment is called what?
A1: Insect ecology
Q2: Another term for surrounding environment is what?
A2: ecosystem
Q3: What kind of role do insects play in their ecosystem?
A3: important
Q4: What type of burial do insects engage in?
A4: dung
Q5: Beetles are also known as what?
A5: scavengers
Insect (Natural sciences)

Insect respiration is accomplished without lungs. Instead, the insect respiratory system uses a system of internal tubes and sacs through which gases either diffuse or are actively pumped, delivering oxygen directly to tissues that need it via their trachea (element 8 in numbered diagram). Since oxygen is delivered directly, the circulatory system is not used to carry oxygen, and is therefore greatly reduced. The insect circulatory system has no veins or arteries, and instead consists of little more than a single, perforated dorsal tube which pulses peristaltically. Toward the thorax, the dorsal tube (element 14) divides into chambers and acts like the insect's heart. The opposite end of the dorsal tube is like the aorta of the insect circulating the hemolymph, arthropods' fluid analog of blood, inside the body cavity.:61–65 Air is taken in through openings on the sides of the abdomen called spiracles.

Q1: Respiration for insects happens without what?
A1: lungs
Q2: Insect's respiratory system contains sacs, and what else?
A2: internal tubes
Q3: What gets diffused or actively pumped through an insect's respiratory system?
A3: gases
Q4: What gets delivered to tissues in an insect's respiratory system?
A4: oxygen
Q5: Which system inside an insect's respiratory system does not carry oxygen?
A5: circulatory system
Insect (Natural sciences)

Insectivorous insects, or insects which feed on other insects, are beneficial to humans because they eat insects that could cause damage to agriculture and human structures. For example, aphids feed on crops and cause problems for farmers, but ladybugs feed on aphids, and can be used as a means to get significantly reduce pest aphid populations. While birds are perhaps more visible predators of insects, insects themselves account for the vast majority of insect consumption. Ants also help control animal populations by consuming small vertebrates. Without predators to keep them in check, insects can undergo almost unstoppable population explosions.:328–348:400

Q1: What insects feed on other insects?
A1: Insectivorous
Q2: Insectivorous insects are beneficial or harmful to humans?
A2: beneficial
Q3: What insect feeds on aphids?
A3: ladybugs
Q4: What are the most visible predators of insects?
A4: birds
Q5: What is the largest consumer of insects?
A5: insects themselves
Insect (Natural sciences)

Insects (from Latin insectum, a calque of Greek ἔντομον [éntomon], "cut into sections") are a class of invertebrates within the arthropod phylum that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms. The number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million, and potentially represent over 90% of the differing animal life forms on Earth. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, a habitat dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans.

Q1: In what phylum are insects classified? 
A1: arthropod
Q2: How many parts comprise the body of an insect?
A2: three-part
Q3: In addition to the head and abdomen, what is the other major section of an insect's body?
A3: thorax
Q4: What type of exoskeleton do insects have?
A4: chitinous
Q5: How many pairs of jointed legs do insects have?
A5: three
Q6: What does insect mean in latin?
A6: cut into sections
Q7: What is the Latin word for insect?
A7: insectum
Q8: Insects are a class of what?
A8: invertebrates
Q9: Insects have what kind of skeleton?
A9: chitinous exoskeleton
Q10: An insects 3-part body includes a throat, abdomen, and what?
A10: head
Insect (Natural sciences)

Insects are the only group of invertebrates to have developed flight. The evolution of insect wings has been a subject of debate. Some entomologists suggest that the wings are from paranotal lobes, or extensions from the insect's exoskeleton called the nota, called the paranotal theory. Other theories are based on a pleural origin. These theories include suggestions that wings originated from modified gills, spiracular flaps or as from an appendage of the epicoxa. The epicoxal theory suggests the insect wings are modified epicoxal exites, a modified appendage at the base of the legs or coxa. In the Carboniferous age, some of the Meganeura dragonflies had as much as a 50 cm (20 in) wide wingspan. The appearance of gigantic insects has been found to be consistent with high atmospheric oxygen. The respiratory system of insects constrains their size, however the high oxygen in the atmosphere allowed larger sizes. The largest flying insects today are much smaller and include several moth species such as the Atlas moth and the White Witch (Thysania agrippina).

Q1: Insects are the only invertebrates that have evolved into what?
A1: flight
Q2: What part of the insect has been up for debate?
A2: wings
Q3: Wings from the paranotal lobes are based on what theory?
A3: paranotal theory
Q4: Wings from modified gills is from what origin?
A4: pleural origin
Q5: The epicoxal theory suggests insect wings are modified what?
A5: epicoxal exites
Insect (Natural sciences)

Insects are the only invertebrates to have developed active flight capability, and this has played an important role in their success.:186 Their muscles are able to contract multiple times for each single nerve impulse, allowing the wings to beat faster than would ordinarily be possible. Having their muscles attached to their exoskeletons is more efficient and allows more muscle connections; crustaceans also use the same method, though all spiders use hydraulic pressure to extend their legs, a system inherited from their pre-arthropod ancestors. Unlike insects, though, most aquatic crustaceans are biomineralized with calcium carbonate extracted from the water.

Q1: Insects are also known as what kind of vertebra?
A1: invertebrates
Q2: Insects have developed what kind of active capability?
A2: flight
Q3: Active flight ability has played what kind of role for insects?
A3: important
Q4: How many times are insects muscles able to contract?
A4: multiple
Q5: Insects muscles are attached to their what?
A5: exoskeletons
Insect (Natural sciences)

Insects can be divided into two groups historically treated as subclasses: wingless insects, known as Apterygota, and winged insects, known as Pterygota. The Apterygota consist of the primitively wingless order of the silverfish (Thysanura). Archaeognatha make up the Monocondylia based on the shape of their mandibles, while Thysanura and Pterygota are grouped together as Dicondylia. The Thysanura themselves possibly are not monophyletic, with the family Lepidotrichidae being a sister group to the Dicondylia (Pterygota and the remaining Thysanura).

Q1: What is the term for the class of insects with wings?
A1: Pterygota
Q2: What is the term for the class of insects without wings? 
A2: Apterygota
Q3: What group of insects are inclusive within the Monocondylia primarily due to the shape of their mandible?
A3: Archaeognatha
Q4: What is the collective group to which Thysanura and Pterygota belong?
A4: Dicondylia
Q5: Insects are historically divided into how many groups?
A5: two groups
Q6: Insects with wings are known as what?
A6: Pterygota
Q7: Does an Apterygots have wings or wingless?
A7: wingless
Q8: What is a Thysanura?
A8: silverfish
Q9: Thysanura and Pterygota are what?
A9: Dicondylia