LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Unicode (Engineering and technology)

Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.

Q1: where are instructions embedded to tell fonts how to output sequences? 
A1: in fonts
Q2: Can real stacking be accomplished? 
A2: Real stacking is impossible
Q3: what is a solution to the placement of combining marks? 
A3: assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing
A_cappella (Music)

Instruments have divided Christendom since their introduction into worship. They were considered a Catholic innovation, not widely practiced until the 18th century, and were opposed vigorously in worship by a number of Protestant Reformers, including Martin Luther (1483–1546), Ulrich Zwingli, John Calvin (1509–1564) and John Wesley (1703–1791). Alexander Campbell referred to the use of an instrument in worship as "a cow bell in a concert". In Sir Walter Scott's The Heart of Midlothian, the heroine, Jeanie Deans, a Scottish Presbyterian, writes to her father about the church situation she has found in England (bold added):

Q1: Why were instruments more unwelcome to Christians?
A1: They were considered a Catholic innovation
Q2: What was the name of the book in which Jeanie Deans is the protagonist?
A2: The Heart of Midlothian
Q3: Who is quoted for saying instruments in religious services are like "A cow bell in a concert" 
A3: Alexander Campbell
Q4: Who authored The Heart of the Midlothian?
A4: Sir Walter Scott
Armenians (Geography and places)

Instruments like the duduk, the dhol, the zurna and the kanun are commonly found in Armenian folk music. Artists such as Sayat Nova are famous due to their influence in the development of Armenian folk music. One of the oldest types of Armenian music is the Armenian chant which is the most common kind of religious music in Armenia. Many of these chants are ancient in origin, extending to pre-Christian times, while others are relatively modern, including several composed by Saint Mesrop Mashtots, the inventor of the Armenian alphabet. Whilst under Soviet rule, Armenian classical music composer Aram Khatchaturian became internationally well known for his music, for various ballets and the Sabre Dance from his composition for the ballet Gayane.

Q1: What kind of music does Sayat Nova play?
A1: Armenian folk music
Q2: What instruments are used in Armenian folk music?
A2: the duduk, the dhol, the zurna and the kanun
Q3: What kind of Armenian religious music is prevalent?
A3: the Armenian chant
Q4: What did Mashtots do besides composing religious chants?
A4: inventor of the Armenian alphabet
Q5: What was Aram Khatchaturian's career?
A5: classical music composer
Armenia (History)

Instruments like the duduk, the dhol, the zurna, and the kanun are commonly found in Armenian folk music. Artists such as Sayat Nova are famous due to their influence in the development of Armenian folk music. One of the oldest types of Armenian music is the Armenian chant which is the most common kind of religious music in Armenia. Many of these chants are ancient in origin, extending to pre-Christian times, while others are relatively modern, including several composed by Saint Mesrop Mashtots, the inventor of the Armenian alphabet. Whilst under Soviet rule, Armenian classical music composer Aram Khatchaturian became internationally well known for his music, for various ballets and the Sabre Dance from his composition for the ballet Gayane.

Q1: What are some examples of Armenian folk music instruments?
A1: the duduk, the dhol, the zurna, and the kanun
Q2: Who created the Armenian alphabet?
A2: Saint Mesrop Mashtots
Q3: Who composed the Sabre Dance?
A3: Aram Khatchaturian
Q4: What is known as one of the most prolific type of religious music in Armenia?
A4: the Armenian chant
Mandolin (Music)

Instruments were marketed by teacher-dealers, much as the title character in the popular musical The Music Man. Often, these teacher-dealers conducted mandolin orchestras: groups of 4-50 musicians who played various mandolin family instruments. However, alongside the teacher-dealers were serious musicians, working to create a spot for the instrument in classical music, ragtime and jazz. Like the teacher-dealers, they traveled the U.S., recording records, giving performances and teaching individuals and mandolin orchestras. Samuel Siegel played mandolin in Vaudeville and became one of America's preeminent mandolinists. Seth Weeks was an African American who not only taught and performed in the United States, but also in Europe, where he recorded records. Another pioneering African American musician and director who made his start with a mandolin orchestra was composer James Reese Europe. W. Eugene Page toured the country with a group, and was well known for his mandolin and mandola performances. Other names include Valentine Abt, Samuel Adelstein, William Place, Jr., and Aubrey Stauffer.

Q1: What popular musical casted a teacher-dealer? 
A1: The Music Man
Q2: What did these teacher-dealers often conduct? 
A2: mandolin orchestras
Q3: How many people were usually in these teacher-dealer orchestras? 
A3: 4-50 musicians
Q4: Who played the mandolin in Vaudeville? 
A4: Samuel Siegel
Q5: Who was the famous African American musican and director? 
A5: composer James Reese Europe.
Antarctica (Natural sciences)

Integral to the story of the origin of the name "Antarctica" is how it was not named Terra Australis—this name was given to Australia instead, and it was because of a mistake made by people who decided that a significant landmass would not be found farther south than Australia. Explorer Matthew Flinders, in particular, has been credited with popularizing the transfer of the name Terra Australis to Australia. He justified the titling of his book A Voyage to Terra Australis (1814) by writing in the introduction:

Q1: What did people once believe could not be found further south than Australia?
A1: significant landmass
Q2: What explorer gave the name of Terra Australis to Australia?
A2: Matthew Flinders
Q3: What was the name of Flinders book about his trip to Australia?
A3: A Voyage to Terra Australis
Q4: When did Flinders write his book of discovery?
A4: 1814
Q5: What event caused people to misname Antarctica?
A5: mistake
Macintosh (Engineering and technology)

Intel had tried unsuccessfully to push Apple to migrate the Macintosh platform to Intel chips. Apple concluded that Intel's CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) architecture ultimately would not be able to compete against RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) processors. While the Motorola 68040 offered the same features as the Intel 80486 and could on a clock-for-clock basis significantly outperform the Intel chip, the 486 had the ability to be clocked significantly faster without suffering from overheating problems, especially the clock-doubled i486DX2 which ran the CPU logic at twice the external bus speed, giving such equipped IBM compatible systems a significant performance lead over their Macintosh equivalents. Apple's product design and engineering didn't help matters as they restricted the use of the '040 to their expensive Quadras for a time while the 486 was readily available to OEMs as well as enthusiasts who put together their own machines. In late 1991, as the higher-end Macintosh desktop lineup transitioned to the '040, Apple was unable to offer the '040 in their top-of-the-line PowerBooks until early 1994 with the PowerBook 500 series, several years after the first 486-powered IBM compatible laptops hit the market which cost Apple considerable sales. In 1993 Intel rolled out the Pentium processors as the successor to the 486, while the Motorola 68050 was never released, leaving the Macintosh platform a generation behind IBM compatibles in the latest CPU technology. In 1994, Apple abandoned Motorola CPUs for the RISC PowerPC architecture developed by the AIM alliance of Apple Computer, IBM, and Motorola. The Power Macintosh line, the first to use the new chips, proved to be highly successful, with over a million PowerPC units sold in nine months. However, in the long run, spurning Intel for the PowerPC was a mistake as the commoditization of Intel-architecture chips meant Apple couldn't compete on price against "the Dells of the world".

Q1: What did Intel unsuccessfully try to push Apple to migrate to?
A1: Intel chips
Q2: Which platform did Apple choose to use?
A2: Motorola 68040
Q3: Who first rolled out Pentium processors in 1993?
A3: Intel
Q4: How far behind was Macintosh set back compared to the new IBM compatibles?
A4: a generation
Q5: When did Apple abandon Motorola CPU's?
A5: 1994
Age_of_Enlightenment (Philosophy and religion)

Intellectuals such as Robert Darnton and Jürgen Habermas have focused on the social conditions of the Enlightenment. Habermas described the creation of the "bourgeois public sphere" in 18th-century Europe, containing the new venues and modes of communication allowing for rational exchange. Habermas said that the public sphere was bourgeois, egalitarian, rational, and independent from the state, making it the ideal venue for intellectuals to critically examine contemporary politics and society, away from the interference of established authority. While the public sphere is generally an integral component of the social study of the Enlightenment, other historians have questioned whether the public sphere had these characteristics.

Q1: What aspect of the Enlightenment did Robert Darnton and Jurgen Habermas focus on within the Enlightenment?
A1: social conditions
Q2: How did Habermas describe the public sphere?
A2: bourgeois, egalitarian, rational, and independent from the state
Q3: The new venues and modes of communication allowing for rational exchange were given what term by Habermas in 18th century Europe?
A3: the "bourgeois public sphere"
Education (Philosophy and religion)

Intelligence is an important factor in how the individual responds to education. Those who have higher intelligence tend to perform better at school and go on to higher levels of education. This effect is also observable in the opposite direction, in that education increases measurable intelligence. Studies have shown that while educational attainment is important in predicting intelligence in later life, intelligence at 53 is more closely correlated to intelligence at 8 years old than to educational attainment.

Q1: What is important for a student in education?
A1: Intelligence
Q2: What does education increase in a student?
A2: measurable intelligence
Q3: What is intelligence at 53 more closely related to?
A3: intelligence at 8
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

Intended torchbearer Lin Hatfield Dodds withdrew from the event, explaining that she wished to express concern about China's human rights record. Foreign Minister Stephen Smith said her decision was "a very good example of peacefully making a point".

Q1: Who withdrew as a torchbearer because of her concerns about human rights?
A1: Lin Hatfield Dodds
Q2: Who said Dodds' withdrawal was a good example of peacefully protesting?
A2: Foreign Minister Stephen Smith
Q3: Who withdrew from the torch event?
A3: Lin Hatfield Dodds
Q4: Who was the foreign minister that said her decision was a good example of peacefully making a point?
A4: Stephen Smith
Elizabeth_II (History)

Intense media interest in the opinions and private lives of the royal family during the 1980s led to a series of sensational stories in the press, not all of which were entirely true. As Kelvin MacKenzie, editor of The Sun, told his staff: "Give me a Sunday for Monday splash on the Royals. Don't worry if it's not true—so long as there's not too much of a fuss about it afterwards." Newspaper editor Donald Trelford wrote in The Observer of 21 September 1986: "The royal soap opera has now reached such a pitch of public interest that the boundary between fact and fiction has been lost sight of ... it is not just that some papers don't check their facts or accept denials: they don't care if the stories are true or not." It was reported, most notably in The Sunday Times of 20 July 1986, that the Queen was worried that Margaret Thatcher's economic policies fostered social divisions and was alarmed by high unemployment, a series of riots, the violence of a miners' strike, and Thatcher's refusal to apply sanctions against the apartheid regime in South Africa. The sources of the rumours included royal aide Michael Shea and Commonwealth Secretary-General Shridath Ramphal, but Shea claimed his remarks were taken out of context and embellished by speculation. Thatcher reputedly said the Queen would vote for the Social Democratic Party—Thatcher's political opponents. Thatcher's biographer John Campbell claimed "the report was a piece of journalistic mischief-making". Belying reports of acrimony between them, Thatcher later conveyed her personal admiration for the Queen, and the Queen gave two honours in her personal gift—membership in the Order of Merit and the Order of the Garter—to Thatcher after her replacement as prime minister by John Major. Former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney said Elizabeth was a "behind the scenes force" in ending apartheid.

Q1: What did high public interest in the  private lives of the royal family cause in the press?
A1: sensational stories
Q2: Who was editor of The Sun in the 1980s?
A2: Kelvin MacKenzie
Q3: What did the editor of The Observer call the sensational stories about the royals?
A3: royal soap opera
Q4: Who, it was rumored,  did Margaret Thatcher say the Queen would vote for?
A4: Thatcher's political opponents
Q5: Who said the Elizabeth was a behind the scenes force in ending apartheid?
A5: Brian Mulroney
Antibiotics (History)

Interactions between alcohol and certain antibiotics may occur and may cause side-effects and decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy. While moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics, there are specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects. Therefore, potential risks of side-effects and effectiveness depend on the type of antibiotic administered. Despite the lack of a categorical counterindication, the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed is widespread.

Q1: What is one potential issue with drinking alcohol while taking antibiotics?
A1: decreased effectiveness
Q2: Do all antibiotics interact dangerously with alcohol?
A2: moderate alcohol consumption is unlikely to interfere with many common antibiotics
Q3: Is it OK to drink alcohol while taking any antibiotic?
A3: there are specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects
Q4: How common is the belief that alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed?
A4: widespread
Q5: What can alcohol and certain antibiotics cause?
A5: decreased effectiveness of antibiotic therapy
Q6: What is unlikely to interfere with  with many common antibiotics?
A6: alcohol consumption
Q7: What belief should bever be mixed widespread?
A7: alcohol and antibiotics
Q8: What common drug can reduce antibiotic effectiveness?
A8: alcohol
Q9: What type of antibiotic is most likely to be a problem with alcohol?
A9: specific types of antibiotics with which alcohol consumption may cause serious side-effects
Q10: Should alcohol be used while on antibiotics?
A10: alcohol and antibiotics should never be mixed
Cyprus (Geography and places)

Intercommunal violence erupted on December 21, 1963, when two Turkish Cypriots were killed at an incident involving the Greek Cypriot police. The violence resulted in the death of 364 Turkish and 174 Greek Cypriots, destruction of 109 Turkish Cypriot or mixed villages and displacement of 25,000-30,000 Turkish Cypriots. The crisis resulted in the end of the Turkish Cypriot involvement in the administration and their claiming that it had lost its legitimacy; the nature of this event is still controversial. In some areas, Greek Cypriots prevented Turkish Cypriots from travelling and entering government buildings, while some Turkish Cypriots willingly withdrew due to the calls of the Turkish Cypriot administration. Turkish Cypriots started living in enclaves; the republic's structure was changed unilaterally by Makarios and Nicosia was divided by the Green Line, with the deployment of UNFICYP troops.

Q1: In December of what year did intercommunal violence erupt?
A1: 1963
Q2: The violence beginning in 1963 resulted in the deaths of many Turks?
A2: 364
Q3: How many Turkish Cypriots were displaced due to the violence?
A3: 25,000-30,
Q4: Turkish Cypriots were prevented from doing what?
A4: travelling and entering government buildings
On_the_Origin_of_Species (Natural sciences)

Interest in Darwin's writings continues, and scholars have generated an extensive literature, the Darwin Industry, about his life and work. The text of Origin itself has been subject to much analysis including a variorum, detailing the changes made in every edition, first published in 1959, and a concordance, an exhaustive external index published in 1981. Worldwide commemorations of the 150th anniversary of the publication of On the Origin of Species and the bicentenary of Darwin's birth were scheduled for 2009. They celebrated the ideas which "over the last 150 years have revolutionised our understanding of nature and our place within it".

Q1: What kinds of things have been done by scholars interested in Darwin's work?
A1: scholars have generated an extensive literature, the Darwin Industry, about his life and work.
Q2: What has been created in 1959 and filled with information about changes in every edition of On the Origin of Species?
A2: a variorum
Q3: What was done on the 150th anniversary of the publication of On the Origin of Species?
A3: Worldwide commemorations
Q4: What were the celebrants honoring with their commemorations?
A4: They celebrated the ideas which "over the last 150 years have revolutionised our understanding of nature and our place within it".
Memory (Social sciences and society)

Interestingly, research has revealed that asking individuals to repeatedly imagine actions that they have never performed or events that they have never experienced could result in false memories. For instance, Goff and Roediger (1998) asked participants to imagine that they performed an act (e.g., break a toothpick) and then later asked them whether they had done such a thing. Findings revealed that those participants who repeatedly imagined performing such an act were more likely to think that they had actually performed that act during the first session of the experiment. Similarly, Garry and her colleagues (1996) asked college students to report how certain they were that they experienced a number of events as children (e.g., broke a window with their hand) and then two weeks later asked them to imagine four of those events. The researchers found that one-fourth of the students asked to imagine the four events reported that they had actually experienced such events as children. That is, when asked to imagine the events they were more confident that they experienced the events.

Q1: What can cause a person to have fake memories?
A1: repeatedly imagine actions that they have never performed or events that they have never experienced
Q2: Who performed a study that showed the similarirty of imaginging doing something and then later remembering actually doing that task?
A2: Goff and Roediger
Q3: What did a similar study done by Garry find?
A3: researchers found that one-fourth of the students asked to imagine the four events reported that they had actually experienced such events as children
Memory (Social sciences and society)

Interference can hamper memorization and retrieval. There is retroactive interference, when learning new information makes it harder to recall old information and proactive interference, where prior learning disrupts recall of new information. Although interference can lead to forgetting, it is important to keep in mind that there are situations when old information can facilitate learning of new information. Knowing Latin, for instance, can help an individual learn a related language such as French – this phenomenon is known as positive transfer.

Q1: What trouble can interference cause?
A1: can hamper memorization and retrieval
Q2: What is retroactive interference?
A2: when learning new information makes it harder to recall old information
Q3: What is proactive interference?
A3: where prior learning disrupts recall of new information
Q4: What is a term used to describe being able to learn something quicker due to an older ability?
A4: positive transfer.
Professional_wrestling (Sports and recreation)

Intergender singles bouts were first fought on a national level in the 1990s. This began with Luna Vachon, who faced men in ECW and WWF. Later, Chyna became the first female to hold a belt that was not exclusive to women when she won the Intercontinental Championship. While it is a rare feat in WWE, in TNA, ODB participates in singles intergender matches. Also, ODB's kayfabe husband and tag team partner Eric Young held the Knockouts Tag Team Championship for a record 478 days before it was stripped by Brooke Hogan because Young was a male.

Q1: When were intergender singles bouts fought on a national scale? 
A1: 1990s
Q2: Who was the first woman to hold a belt that wasn't exclusive to women?
A2: Chyna
Q3: What was the record before it was stripped? 
A3: 478 days
Q4: Who stripped the previous record? 
A4: Brooke Hogan
Guam (Geography and places)

Intermittent warfare lasting from July 23, 1670 until July 1695, plus the typhoons of 1671 and 1693, and in particular the smallpox epidemic of 1688, reduced the Chamorro population from 50,000 to 10,000 to less than 5,000.:86 Precipitated by the death of Quipuha, and the murder of Father San Vitores and Pedro Calungsod by local rebel chief Matapang, tensions led to a number of conflicts. Captain Juan de Santiago started a campaign to pacify the island, which was continued by the successive commanders of the Spanish forces.:68–74

Q1: When did the Smallpox epidemic take place?
A1: 1688
Q2: In what years was there intermittent war fare?
A2: July 23, 1670 until July 1695
Q3: What did the smallpox epidemic reduce the population down to in Chamorro?
A3: 50,000 to 10,000
Q4: What was the name of the person who started the campaign to pacify the area?
A4: Juan de Santiago