LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Switzerland (Geography and places)

 The English name Switzerland is a compound containing Switzer, an obsolete term for the Swiss, which was in use during the 16th to 19th centuries. The English adjective Swiss is a loan from French Suisse, also in use since the 16th century. The name Switzer is from the Alemannic Schwiizer, in origin an inhabitant of Schwyz and its associated territory, one of the Waldstätten cantons which formed the nucleus of the Old Swiss Confederacy. The name originates as an exonym, applied pars pro toto to the troops of the Confederacy. The Swiss began to adopt the name for themselves after the Swabian War of 1499, used alongside the term for "Confederates", Eidgenossen (literally: comrades by oath), used since the 14th century.

Q1: What was the Swiss term for Switzerland during the 16th - 19th centuries?
A1: Switzer
Q2: Where did the English adjective Swiss originate from?
A2: French Suisse
Q3: Where did the name Switzer originate from?
A3: the Alemannic Schwiizer
Q4: What did the Alemannic Schwiizer help form the nucleus of?
A4: the Old Swiss Confederacy
Religion_in_ancient_Rome (History)

 The exta were the entrails of a sacrificed animal, comprising in Cicero's enumeration the gall bladder (fel), liver (iecur), heart (cor), and lungs (pulmones). The exta were exposed for litatio (divine approval) as part of Roman liturgy, but were "read" in the context of the disciplina Etrusca. As a product of Roman sacrifice, the exta and blood are reserved for the gods, while the meat (viscera) is shared among human beings in a communal meal. The exta of bovine victims were usually stewed in a pot (olla or aula), while those of sheep or pigs were grilled on skewers. When the deity's portion was cooked, it was sprinkled with mola salsa (ritually prepared salted flour) and wine, then placed in the fire on the altar for the offering; the technical verb for this action was porricere.

Q1: What were the exta of a sacrifice?
A1: entrails
Q2: How were the exta read in Roman religious practice?
A2: disciplina Etrusca
Q3: What part of the sacrifice were reserved for the gods?
A3: exta and blood
Q4: What part of the sacrifice was shared among humans?
A4: meat
Q5: Into what was the god's portion of the sacrifice placed?
A5: fire on the altar
Beer (Agriculture, food, and drink)

 The strength of beers has climbed during the later years of the 20th century. Vetter 33, a 10.5% abv (33 degrees Plato, hence Vetter "33") doppelbock, was listed in the 1994 Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest beer at that time, though Samichlaus, by the Swiss brewer Hürlimann, had also been listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest at 14% abv. Since then, some brewers have used champagne yeasts to increase the alcohol content of their beers. Samuel Adams reached 20% abv with Millennium, and then surpassed that amount to 25.6% abv with Utopias. The strongest beer brewed in Britain was Baz's Super Brew by Parish Brewery, a 23% abv beer. In September 2011, the Scottish brewery BrewDog produced Ghost Deer, which, at 28%, they claim to be the world's strongest beer produced by fermentation alone.

Q1: How much alcohol is contained in the beer Vetter 33?
A1: 10.5%
Q2: What was the strongest beer in 1994 according to the Guinness Book of World Records?
A2: Vetter 33
Q3: What brewing company produced the beer Millennium?
A3: Samuel Adams
Q4: What year did the brewing company BrewDog start producing a beer called Ghost Deer?
A4: 2011
Q5: What do brewing companies sometimes use to give more alcohol content to their beer?
A5: champagne yeasts
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

 United States of America: The torch relay's North American leg occurred in San Francisco, California on April 9. On the day of the relay officials diverted the torch run to an unannounced route. The start was at McCovey Cove, where Norman Bellingham of the U.S. Olympic Committee gave the torch to the first torchbearer, Chinese 1992 Olympic champion swimmer Lin Li. The planned closing ceremony at Justin Herman Plaza was cancelled and instead, a ceremony was held at San Francisco International Airport, where the torch was to leave for Buenos Aires. The route changes allowed the run to avoid large numbers of China supporters and protesters against China. As people found out there would be no closing ceremony at Justin Herman Plaza, there were angry reactions. One demonstrator was quoted as saying that the route changes were an effort to "thwart any organized protest that had been planned." San Francisco Board of Supervisors President Aaron Peskin, a critic of Mayor Gavin Newsom, said that it was a "cynical plan to please the Bush State Department and the Chinese government because of the incredible influence of money." Newsom, on the other hand, said he felt it was in "everyone's best interest" and that he believed people had been "afforded the right to protest and support the torch" despite the route changes. Peter Ueberroth, head of the U.S. Olympic Committee, praised the route changes, saying, "The city of San Francisco, from a global perspective, will be applauded." People who saw the torch were surprised and cheered as shown from live video of CBS and NBC. The cost to the city for hosting the event was reported to be USD $726,400, nearly half of which has been recovered by private fundraising. Mayor Gavin Newsom said that "exponential" costs associated with mass arrests were avoided by his decision to change the route in consultation with police chief Heather Fong.

Q1: Where did the torch start it's North American route?
A1: San Francisco
Q2: What day did the torch arrive in San Francisco?
A2: April 9
Q3: What is the name of the first North American torchbearer?
A3: Lin Li
Q4: The route end was changed from Justin Herman plaza to what?
A4: San Francisco International Airport
Q5: Who was the head of the U.S. Olympic Committee?
A5: Peter Ueberroth
Q6: What city in the United States held the 2008 Olympic Torch relay?
A6: San Francisco
Q7: What was the date of the relay in the United States?
A7: April 9.
Q8: What is the name of the person who handed off the torch to the torchbearer in the United States 2008 Olympic relay?
A8: Norman Bellingham
Q9: What is the name of the location where the relay ending event was canceled?
A9: Justin Herman Plaza
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

 Vietnam: The event was held in Ho Chi Minh City on April 29. Some 60 torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium near Tan Son Nhat International Airport along an undisclosed route. Vietnam is involved in a territorial dispute with China (and other countries) for sovereignty of the Spratly and Paracel Islands; tensions have risen recently[when?] following reports that the Chinese government had established a county-level city named Sansha in the disputed territories, resulting in anti-Chinese demonstrations in December 2007 in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. However to sustain its relationship with China the Vietnamese government has actively sought to head off protests during the torch relay, with Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng warning government agencies that "hostile forces" may try to disrupt the torch relay.

Q1: When did the torch arrive in Vietnam?
A1: April 29
Q2: Where was the torch event held in Vietnam?
A2: Ho Chi Minh City
Q3: How many torchbearers carried the torch in Vietnam?
A3: 60
Q4: Where did the torch event begin in Vietnam?
A4: the downtown Opera House
Q5: Where did the torch event end?
A5: the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium
Q6: Where was the torch event held in Vietnam?
A6: Ho Chi Minh City.
Q7: What areas are involved in the dispute between Vietnam and China?
A7: the Spratly and Paracel Islands
Q8: The Chinese government established what city in this disputed area?
A8: Sansha
Q9: As a result, demonstrations were held in what two cities in December 2007?
A9: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
Q10: Who was the Prime Minister of Vietnam?
A10: Nguyễn Tấn Dũng
Zhejiang (Geography and places)

 Zhejiang (help·info), formerly romanized as Chekiang, is an eastern coastal province of China. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiangsu province and Shanghai municipality to the north, Anhui province to the northwest, Jiangxi province to the west, and Fujian province to the south; to the east is the East China Sea, beyond which lie the Ryukyu Islands of Japan.

Q1: What was Zhejiang formerly romanized as?
A1: Chekiang
Q2: Which province is Zhejiang bordered by to the northwest?
A2: Anhui
Q3: Which province is Zhejiang bordered by to the west?
A3: Jiangxi
Q4: Which province is Zhejiang bordered by to the south?
A4: Fujian
Q5: Which body of water is to the east of Zhejiang?
A5: East China Sea
Madonna_(entertainer) (Music)

"4 Minutes" was released as the album's lead single and peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100. It was Madonna's 37th top-ten hit on the chart—it pushed Madonna past Elvis Presley as the artist with the most top-ten hits. In the UK she retained her record for the most number-one singles for a female artist; "4 Minutes" becoming her thirteenth. At the 23rd Japan Gold Disc Awards, Madonna received her fifth Artist of the Year trophy from Recording Industry Association of Japan, the most for any artist. To further promote the album, Madonna embarked on the Sticky & Sweet Tour; her first major venture with Live Nation. With a gross of $280 million, it became the highest-grossing tour by a solo artist then, surpassing the previous record Madonna set with the Confessions Tour; it was later surpassed by Roger Waters' The Wall Live. It was extended to the next year, adding new European dates, and after it ended, the total gross was $408 million.

Q1: Which single was released as the album's lead single?
A1: 4 Minutes
Q2: Madonna surpassed which artist with the most top-ten hits?
A2: Elvis Presley
Q3: 4 minutes became Madonna's which number one single in the UK?
A3: thirteenth
Q4: What is the name of the first tour with Live Nation?
A4: Sticky & Sweet Tour
Q5: How much did Stick and Sweet Tour grossed?
A5: $280 million,
Alsace (History)

"Alsatia", the Latin form of Alsace's name, has long ago entered the English language with the specialized meaning of "a lawless place" or "a place under no jurisdiction" - since Alsace was conceived by English people to be such. It was used into the 20th century as a term for a ramshackle marketplace, "protected by ancient custom and the independence of their patrons". As of 2007, the word is still in use among the English and Australian judiciaries with the meaning of a place where the law cannot reach: "In setting up the Serious Organised Crime Agency, the state has set out to create an Alsatia - a region of executive action free of judicial oversight," Lord Justice Sedley in UMBS v SOCA 2007.

Q1: What is the meaning of the name Aslatia in English?
A1: a lawless place" or "a place under no jurisdiction
Q2: What was the meaning or term used for Aslace that was used by english people in the 20th century?
A2: ramshackle marketplace
Q3: Which nationalities still refer it to Alslace "ramshackle marketplace" as of 2007?
A3: English and Australian
Pope_John_XXIII (Philosophy and religion)

"At 11 am Petrus Canisius Van Lierde as Papal Sacristan was at the bedside of the dying pope, ready to anoint him. The pope began to speak for the very last time: "I had the great grace to be born into a Christian family, modest and poor, but with the fear of the Lord. My time on earth is drawing to a close. But Christ lives on and continues his work in the Church. Souls, souls, ut omnes unum sint."[c] Van Lierde then anointed his eyes, ears, mouth, hands and feet. Overcome by emotion, Van Lierde forgot the right order of anointing. John XXIII gently helped him before bidding those present a last farewell.

Q1: Who was at the dying pope's bedside?
A1: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde
Q2: Who was the Papal Sacristan for John XXIII?
A2: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde
Q3: When did the pope bid farewell?
A3: 11 am
East_India_Company (History)

"Azure, three ships with three masts, rigged and under full sail, the sails, pennants and ensigns Argent, each charged with a cross Gules; on a chief of the second a pale quarterly Azure and Gules, on the 1st and 4th a fleur-de-lis or, on the 2nd and 3rd a leopard or, between two roses Gules seeded Or barbed Vert." The shield had as a crest: "A sphere without a frame, bounded with the Zodiac in bend Or, between two pennants flottant Argent, each charged with a cross Gules, over the sphere the words DEUS INDICAT" (Latin: God Indicates). The supporters were two sea lions (lions with fishes' tails) and the motto was DEO DUCENTE NIL NOCET (Latin: Where God Leads, Nothing Hurts).

Q1: What does DEUS INDICAT mean?
A1: God Indicates
Q2: what type of flowers did Gules use?
A2: roses
Q3: after the DEUS INDICAT what type of sea animals were pictured?
A3: sea lions
Q4: in the above quote how many ship and masts were indicated?
A4: three
Q5: What animal was listed as part of the four fleur-de-lis in the above quote
A5: leopard
Chicago_Cubs (Sports and recreation)

"Baseball's Sad Lexicon," also known as "Tinker to Evers to Chance" after its refrain, is a 1910 baseball poem by Franklin Pierce Adams. The poem is presented as a single, rueful stanza from the point of view of a New York Giants fan seeing the talented Chicago Cubs infield of shortstop Joe Tinker, second baseman Johnny Evers, and first baseman Frank Chance complete a double play. The trio began playing together with the Cubs in 1902, and formed a double play combination that lasted through April 1912. The Cubs won the pennant four times between 1906 and 1910, often defeating the Giants en route to the World Series.

Q1: What was "Baseball's Sad Lexicon" also known as?
A1: "Tinker to Evers to Chance"
Q2: Who wrote "Baseball's Sad Lexicon"?
A2: Franklin Pierce Adams
Q3: What poem did Franklin Pierce Adams write? 
A3: "Baseball's Sad Lexicon,
Florida (Geography and places)

"By May 1539, Conquistador Hernando de Soto skirted the coast of Florida, searching for a deep harbor to land. He described seeing a thick wall of red mangroves spread mile after mile, some reaching as high as 70 feet (21 m), with intertwined and elevated roots making landing difficult. Very soon, 'many smokes' appeared 'along the whole coast', billowing against the sky, when the Native ancestors of the Seminole spotted the newcomers and spread the alarm by signal fires". The Spanish introduced Christianity, cattle, horses, sheep, the Spanish language, and more to Florida.[full citation needed] Both the Spanish and French established settlements in Florida, with varying degrees of success. In 1559, Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano established a colony at present-day Pensacola, one of the first European settlements in the continental United States, but it was abandoned by 1561.

Q1: What conquistador landed in Florida in 1539 
A1: Hernando de Soto
Q2: Who established early settlements in Florida 
A2: Both the Spanish and French established settlements
Q3: Who established 1 of the first Us settlements in Florida 
A3: Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano
Q4: What people were discovered by early settlers of Florida 
A4: Native ancestors of the Seminole
Q5: What did Spanish settlers introduce to Florida 
A5: Christianity, cattle, horses, sheep, the Spanish language, and more
United_States_Air_Force (Warfare)

"Chopped" units are referred to as forces. The top-level structure of these forces is the Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force (AETF). The AETF is the Air Force presentation of forces to a CCDR for the employment of Air Power. Each CCDR is supported by a standing Component Numbered Air Force (C-NAF) to provide planning and execution of aerospace forces in support of CCDR requirements. Each C-NAF consists of a Commander, Air Force Forces (COMAFFOR) and AFFOR/A-staff, and an Air Operations Center (AOC). As needed to support multiple Joint Force Commanders (JFC) in the COCOM's Area of Responsibility (AOR), the C-NAF may deploy Air Component Coordinate Elements (ACCE) to liaise with the JFC. If the Air Force possesses the preponderance of air forces in a JFC's area of operations, the COMAFFOR will also serve as the Joint Forces Air Component Commander (JFACC).

Q1: What are "Chopped" units called in the USAF?
A1: forces
Q2: What is the top level structure of these Chopped forces in the USAF? 
A2: Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force
Q3: What does the C-NAF provide support to?
A3: planning and execution of aerospace forces
Q4: Who does the C-NAFF coordinate with on ACEE missions?
A4: JFC
Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census (Social sciences and society)

"Data on ethnic groups are important for putting into effect a number of federal statutes (i.e., enforcing bilingual election rules under the Voting Rights Act; monitoring and enforcing equal employment opportunities under the Civil Rights Act). Data on Ethnic Groups are also needed by local governments to run programs and meet legislative requirements (i.e., identifying segments of the population who may not be receiving medical services under the Public Health Act; evaluating whether financial institutions are meeting the credit needs of minority populations under the Community Reinvestment Act)."

Q1: What act has rules and regulations for bilingual election? 
A1: the Voting Rights Act
Q2: What act has rules and regulations for meeting the credit needs of minority populations?
A2: the Community Reinvestment Act
Q3: What act has laws about equal employment opportunities for ethnic groups?
A3: the Civil Rights Act
Digimon (Video games)

"Digimon" are "Digital Monsters". According to the stories, they are inhabitants of the "DigiWorld", a manifestation of Earth's communication network. The stories tell of a group of mostly pre-teens, who accompany special Digimon born to defend their world (and ours) from various evil forces. To help them surmount the most difficult obstacles found within both realms, the Digimon have the ability to evolve (Digivolve) In this process, the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well. The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series.

Q1: What is the world in which the digimon live?
A1: a manifestation of Earth's communication network
Q2: What happens to a digimon after they evolve?
A2: the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well
Q3: Who accompanies the digimon as they work to save their world?
A3: a group of mostly pre-teens
Q4: Are the children who accompany the digimon always the same?
A4: The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series
Q5: What is the world of the digimon called?
A5: DigiWorld
Q6: Where are Digimon the inhabitants of?
A6: DigiWorld
Q7: What group of kids are in charge of the Digimons?
A7: mostly pre-teens
Q8: What is the process called when Digimon get stronger?
A8: Digivolve
Samurai (Language and literature)

"First of all, a samurai who dislikes battle and has not put his heart in the right place even though he has been born in the house of the warrior, should not be reckoned among one's retainers....It is forbidden to forget the great debt of kindness one owes to his master and ancestors and thereby make light of the virtues of loyalty and filial piety....It is forbidden that one should...attach little importance to his duties to his master...There is a primary need to distinguish loyalty from disloyalty and to establish rewards and punishments."

Q1: What does a samurai has his heart in the wrong place dislike?
A1: battle
Q2: What debt should samurai not forget?
A2: the great debt of kindness one owes to his master and ancestors
Q3: What virtues should samurai not be dismissive of?
A3: loyalty and filial piety
Turner_Classic_Movies (History)

"Funday Night at the Movies" was replaced in 2008 by "Essentials Jr.", a youth-oriented version of its weekly series The Essentials (originally hosted by actors Abigail Breslin and Chris O'Donnell, then by John Lithgow from 2009 to 2011, and then by Bill Hader starting with the 2011 season), which included such family-themed films as National Velvet, Captains Courageous and Yours, Mine and Ours, as well as more eclectic selections as Sherlock, Jr., The Music Box, Harvey, Mutiny on the Bounty and The Man Who Knew Too Much.

Q1: What series replaced Funday Night at the Movies?
A1: Essentials Jr.
Q2: Along with Chris O'Donnell, who was the original host of Essentials Jr.?
A2: Abigail Breslin
Q3: Who hosted Essentials Jr. between 2009 and 2011?
A3: John Lithgow
Q4: Who began to host Essentials Jr. in 2011?
A4: Bill Hader
Q5: In what year did Essentials Jr. replace Funday Night at the Movies?
A5: 2008
Green (Language and literature)

"Green" in modern European languages corresponds to about 520–570 nm, but many historical and non-European languages make other choices, e.g. using a term for the range of ca. 450–530 nm ("blue/green") and another for ca. 530–590 nm ("green/yellow").[citation needed] In the comparative study of color terms in the world's languages, green is only found as a separate category in languages with the fully developed range of six colors (white, black, red, green, yellow, and blue), or more rarely in systems with five colors (white, red, yellow, green, and black/blue). (See distinction of green from blue) These languages have introduced supplementary vocabulary to denote "green", but these terms are recognizable as recent adoptions that are not in origin color terms (much like the English adjective orange being in origin not a color term but the name of a fruit). Thus, the Thai word เขียว besides meaning "green" also means "rank" and "smelly" and holds other unpleasant associations.

Q1: In which language does the word for "green" also mean "rank" and "smelly"?
A1: Thai
Q2: In what range does the color green fall in modern European languages?
A2: 520–570 nm
Q3: What is the origin of the word "orange"?
A3: the name of a fruit
Hanover (History)

"Hanover" is the traditional English spelling. The German spelling (with a double n) is becoming more popular in English; recent editions of encyclopedias prefer the German spelling, and the local government uses the German spelling on English websites. The English pronunciation /ˈhænəvər/, with stress on the first syllable and a reduced second syllable, is applied to both the German and English spellings, which is different from German pronunciation [haˈnoːfɐ], with stress on the second syllable and a long second vowel. The traditional English spelling is still used in historical contexts, especially when referring to the British House of Hanover.

Q1: What does the German spelling of Hanover have that English does not?
A1: a double n
Q2: Which version of the spelling of Hanover does the local Government use on English websites?
A2: German
Q3: Which syllable does the English spoken version of Hanover stress?
A3: first
Q4: Which syllable does the German pronunciation of Hanover stress?
A4: second
Q5: Which spelling of Hanover is used in historical contexts?
A5: traditional English spelling
Hellenistic_period (History)

"Hellenistic" is a modern word and a 19th-century concept; the idea of a Hellenistic period did not exist in Ancient Greece. Although words related in form or meaning, e.g. Hellenist (Ancient Greek: Ἑλληνιστής, Hellēnistēs), have been attested since ancient times, it was J. G. Droysen in the mid-19th century, who in his classic work Geschichte des Hellenismus, i.e. History of Hellenism, coined the term Hellenistic to refer to and define the period when Greek culture spread in the non-Greek world after Alexander’s conquest. Following Droysen, Hellenistic and related terms, e.g. Hellenism, have been widely used in various contexts; a notable such use is in Culture and Anarchy by Matthew Arnold, where Hellenism is used in contrast with Hebraism.

Q1: Who wrote Geschichte des Hellenismus?
A1: J. G. Droysen
Q2: What does Geschichte des Hellenismus mean?
A2: History of Hellenism
Q3: Who wrote Culture and Anarchy?
A3: Matthew Arnold
Q4: What century did Hellenistic become a concept?
A4: 19th
Q5: In Culture and Anarchy, Hebraism is contrasted with what?
A5: Hellenism