LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Premier_League (Sports and recreation)

In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players, in 1999, the Home Office tightened its rules for granting work permits to players from countries outside of the European Union. A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years, and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.

Q1: Why did the Home Office change it rules regardin work permits in 1999?
A1: In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players
Q2: What was one of their changes?
A2: A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches
Q3: What was another requirement of foreign players?
A3: his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years.
Q4: Could a club appeal a requirement?
A4: If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.
Q5: In which year did the Home Office tighten rules on granting work permits to foreign football players?
A5: 1999
Q6: For what percent must a player play of the competitive A team matches for which he was available for selection in the previous two years to get a work permit from the Home OFfice?
A6: 75
Q7: Over the last two years, what rank must a player's team average at least in order for them to receive a work permit from the Home Office?
A7: 70th place
Q8: What can a club do if a player they wish to sign does not meet the Home Office's work permit requirements?
A8: appeal
Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation (History)

In response to organized crime, on August 25, 1953, the FBI created the Top Hoodlum Program. The national office directed field offices to gather information on mobsters in their territories and to report it regularly to Washington for a centralized collection of intelligence on racketeers. After the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, or RICO Act, took effect, the FBI began investigating the former Prohibition-organized groups, which had become fronts for crime in major cities and small towns. All of the FBI work was done undercover and from within these organizations, using the provisions provided in the RICO Act. Gradually the agency dismantled many of the groups. Although Hoover initially denied the existence of a National Crime Syndicate in the United States, the Bureau later conducted operations against known organized crime syndicates and families, including those headed by Sam Giancana and John Gotti. The RICO Act is still used today for all organized crime and any individuals who might fall under the Act.

Q1: What was the Top Hoodlum Program a response to?
A1: organized crime
Q2: What did the Top Hoodlum Program gather information on?
A2: mobsters
Q3: After the RICO Act took effect what did the FBI start investigating?
A3: former Prohibition-organized groups
Q4: What groups did Hoover deny the existence of?
A4: National Crime Syndicate
Q5: Is the RICO Act still used today?
A5: The RICO Act is still used
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

In response to pro-Tibet and pro-human rights protests, the Chinese media focused on the more disruptive protesters, referring for example to "a very small number of 'Tibet independence' secessionists and a handful of so-called human rights-minded NGO activists" intent on "disrupting and sabotaging the Beijing Olympic Games". However, the Chinese media published articles about crowds supporting the torch relay.

Q1: What did the Chinese media focus on as far as human rights protesters?
A1: the more disruptive protesters
Namibia (Social sciences and society)

In response to the 1966 ruling by the International Court of Justice, South-West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) military wing, People's Liberation Army of Namibia, a guerrilla group began their armed struggle for independence, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its occupation of Namibia, in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region. During the South African occupation of Namibia, white commercial farmers, most of whom came as settlers from South Africa and represented 0.2% of the national population, owned 74% of the arable land. Outside the central-southern area of Namibia (known as the "Police Zone" since the German era and which contained the main towns, industries, mines and best arable land), the country was divided into "homelands", the version of South African bantustan applied to Namibia, although only a few were actually established because indigenous Namibians often did not cooperate.

Q1: Which guerrilla group fought for Namibia's independence? 
A1: People's Liberation Army of Namibia
Q2: When did a guerrilla group fight for Namibia's independence? 
A2: 1966
Q3: When did South Africa end occupation of Namibia?
A3: 1988
Q4: Why did South Africa end occupation in Namibia?
A4: UN peace plan
Q5: What is the central-southern area of Namibia known as?
A5: Police Zone
United_States_Air_Force (Warfare)

In response to the 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates accepted in June 2009 the resignations of Secretary of the Air Force Michael Wynne and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force General T. Michael Moseley. Moseley's successor, General Norton A. Schwartz, a former tactical airlift and special operations pilot was the first officer appointed to that position who did not have a background as a fighter or bomber pilot. The Washington Post reported in 2010 that General Schwartz began to dismantle the rigid class system of the USAF, particularly in the officer corps.

Q1: What US Secretary of Defense accepted resignations of top US Air Force officials in June of 2009?
A1: Robert Gates
Q2: What US Secretary of the Air Force resigned following a nuclear weapons problem ?
A2: Michael Wynne
Q3: Who was appointed to the Chief of Staff of the Air Force following Mosley's resignation?
A3: General Norton A. Schwartz
Q4: What newspaper reported on Schwartz's dismantlement of the US Air Force's class system?
A4: The Washington Post
United_States_Army (History)

In response to the September 11 attacks, and as part of the Global War on Terror, U.S. and NATO forces invaded Afghanistan in October 2001, displacing the Taliban government. The U.S. Army also led the combined U.S. and allied invasion of Iraq in 2003. It served as the primary source for ground forces with its ability to sustain short and long-term deployment operations. In the following years the mission changed from conflict between regular militaries to counterinsurgency, resulting in the deaths of more than 4,000 U.S service members (as of March 2008) and injuries to thousands more. 23,813 insurgents were killed in Iraq between 2003–2011.

Q1: Which country was invaded by the U.S. in October 2001?
A1: Afghanistan
Q2: The U.S. Army invaded Iraq in what year?
A2: 2003
Q3: About how many U.S. soldiers died as of March 2008 due to counterinsurgency?
A3: more than 4,000
Q4: How many Iraqi insurgents were killed from 2003-2011?
A4: 23,813
Sexual_orientation (Natural sciences)

In response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation, Fritz Klein developed the Klein sexual orientation grid (KSOG), a multidimensional scale for describing sexual orientation. Introduced in Klein's book The Bisexual Option, the KSOG uses a 7-point scale to assess seven different dimensions of sexuality at three different points in an individual's life: past (from early adolescence up to one year ago), present (within the last 12 months), and ideal (what would you choose if it were completely your choice).

Q1: What does KSOG stand for?
A1: Klein sexual orientation grid
Q2: Who invented the KSOG?
A2: Fritz Klein
Q3: Why did pritz klein come up with the KSOG?
A3: response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation
Q4: What kind of scale does the KSOG use?
A4: a 7-point scale
Q5: What three points in life does the KSOG evaluate?
A5: past (from early adolescence up to one year ago), present (within the last 12 months), and ideal (what would you choose if it were completely your choice).
Mexico_City (Geography and places)

In response to the demands, in 1987 the Federal District received a greater degree of autonomy, with the elaboration the first Statute of Government (Estatuto de Gobierno), and the creation of an Assembly of Representatives.[citation needed] In the 1990s, this autonomy was further expanded and, starting from 1997, residents can directly elect the head of government of the Federal District and the representatives of a unicameral Legislative Assembly (which succeeded the previous Assembly) by popular vote.

Q1: When did the Federal District receive more power? 
A1: 1987
Q2: When did citizens receive the right to elect the head of the Federal District?
A2: 1997
Q3: How is the leader of Mexico City now established?
A3: popular vote
Q4: What gave the Federal District more autonomy? 
A4: first Statute of Government
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

In response to the demonstrations, an editorial in the People's Daily urged Chinese people to "express [their] patriotic enthusiasm calmly and rationally, and express patriotic aspiration in an orderly and legal manner".

Q1: In what publication were Chinese people asked to be orderly and legal because of the protests and demonstrations?
A1: People's Daily
Q2: What is the name of the publication where Chinese people were advised to be calm and rational about patriotism?
A2: People's Daily
Q3: The Chinese people were told to show patriotism in an orderly and what manner?
A3: legal
2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay (Sports and recreation)

In response to the demonstrations, the Chinese government attempted to calm the situation, possibly fearing the protests may spiral out of control as has happened in recent years, including the anti-Japanese protests in 2005. State media and commentaries began to call for calm, such as an editorial in the People's Daily which urged Chinese people to "express [their] patriotic enthusiasm calmly and rationally, and express patriotic aspiration in an orderly and legal manner". The government also began to patrol and censor the internet forums such as Sohu.com, with comments related to the Carrefour boycott removed. In the days prior to the planned boycott, evidence of efforts by Chinese authorities to choke the mass boycott's efforts online became even more evident, including barring searches of words related to the French protests, but protests broke out nonetheless in front of Carrefour's stores at Beijing, Changsha, Fuzhou and Shenyang on May 1.

Q1: The Chinese government tried to tamper the boycott, trying to avoid a similar outcome to which protests in 2005?
A1: anti-Japanese protests
Q2: Which newspaper urged citizens to protest peacefully?
A2: People's Daily
Q3: Which website had mentions of the Carrefour boycott removed by the government?
A3: Sohu.com
Q4: When did protests in front of Carrefour's stores occur in China?
A4: May 1
Q5: The Chinese government did not want a repeat of what protests?
A5: the anti-Japanese protests in 2005.
Q6: Which newspaper asked the Chinese people to protest peacefully?
A6: People's Daily
Q7: Who removed Carrefour boycott comments from some websites?
A7: the Chinese government
Q8: What day did protests occur in front of Carrefour stores?
A8: May 1.
Empiricism (Philosophy and religion)

In response to the early-to-mid-17th century "continental rationalism" John Locke (1632–1704) proposed in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689) a very influential view wherein the only knowledge humans can have is a posteriori, i.e., based upon experience. Locke is famously attributed with holding the proposition that the human mind is a tabula rasa, a "blank tablet", in Locke's words "white paper", on which the experiences derived from sense impressions as a person's life proceeds are written. There are two sources of our ideas: sensation and reflection. In both cases, a distinction is made between simple and complex ideas. The former are unanalysable, and are broken down into primary and secondary qualities. Primary qualities are essential for the object in question to be what it is. Without specific primary qualities, an object would not be what it is. For example, an apple is an apple because of the arrangement of its atomic structure. If an apple was structured differently, it would cease to be an apple. Secondary qualities are the sensory information we can perceive from its primary qualities. For example, an apple can be perceived in various colours, sizes, and textures but it is still identified as an apple. Therefore, its primary qualities dictate what the object essentially is, while its secondary qualities define its attributes. Complex ideas combine simple ones, and divide into substances, modes, and relations. According to Locke, our knowledge of things is a perception of ideas that are in accordance or discordance with each other, which is very different from the quest for certainty of Descartes.

Q1: When was 'An Essay Concerning Human Understanding' published?
A1: 1689
Q2: Who wrote 'An Essay Concerning Human Understanding'?
A2: John Locke
Q3: What does 'tabula rasa' mean?
A3: blank tablet
Q4: What did Locke say 'tabula rasa' meant?
A4: white paper
Q5: What did Locke's 'tabula rasa' concept say happens to the mind?
A5: on which the experiences derived from sense impressions as a person's life proceeds are written
Adult_contemporary_music (Music)

In response to the pressure on Hot AC, a new kind of AC format cropped up among American radio recently. The urban adult contemporary format (a term coined by Barry Mayo) usually attracts a large number of African Americans and sometimes Caucasian listeners through playing a great deal of R&B (without any form of rapping), gospel music, classic soul and dance music (including disco).

Q1: Who invented the term "urban adult contemporary format"?
A1: Barry Mayo
Q2: What demographic group is the urban adult contemporary format marketed to?
A2: African Americans
Q3: What style of singing is absent from R&B played on urban adult contemporary format stations?
A3: rapping
Q4: Along with R&B, gospel and dance music, what type of music is represented on urban adult contemporary stations?
A4: classic soul
Q5: Urban adult contemporary music came into being because of pressure on what previously existing format?
A5: Hot AC
Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact (History)

In response to the publication of the secret protocols and other secret German–Soviet relations documents in the State Department edition Nazi–Soviet Relations (1948), Stalin published Falsifiers of History, which included the claim that, during the Pact's operation, Stalin rejected Hitler's claim to share in a division of the world, without mentioning the Soviet offer to join the Axis. That version persisted, without exception, in historical studies, official accounts, memoirs and textbooks published in the Soviet Union until the Soviet Union's dissolution.

Q1: What year was Joseph Stalin’s version of the pact published?
A1: 1948
Q2: What was the Soviet response to the Nazi-Soviet Relations publication
A2: Falsifiers of History
Q3: How long did Stalins version of what happened between the Germans and the Soviets last?
A3: until the Soviet Union's dissolution
Nintendo_Entertainment_System (Video games)

In response to these hardware flaws, "Nintendo Authorized Repair Centers" sprang up across the U.S. According to Nintendo, the authorization program was designed to ensure that the machines were properly repaired. Nintendo would ship the necessary replacement parts only to shops that had enrolled in the authorization program. In practice, the authorization process consisted of nothing more than paying a fee to Nintendo for the privilege. In a recent trend, many sites have sprung up to offer Nintendo repair parts, guides, and services that replace those formerly offered by the authorized repair centers.

Q1: To address the shoddy hardware, what popped up across the United States?
A1: Nintendo Authorized Repair Centers
Q2: What did the repair centers promise?
A2: ensure that the machines were properly repaired
Q3: What was done to have the privilege of working on an NES for repair?
A3: paying a fee
Macintosh (Engineering and technology)

In response, Apple introduced a range of relatively inexpensive Macs in October 1990. The Macintosh Classic, essentially a less expensive version of the Macintosh SE, was the least expensive Mac offered until early 2001. The 68020-powered Macintosh LC, in its distinctive "pizza box" case, offered color graphics and was accompanied by a new, low-cost 512×384 pixel monitor. The Macintosh IIsi was essentially a 20 MHz IIci with only one expansion slot. All three machines sold well, although Apple's profit margin on them was considerably lower than that on earlier models.

Q1: What did Apple introduce in 1990 to combat competition from smartphones?
A1: relatively inexpensive Macs
Q2: What was the less expensive version of the Macintosh SE that was offered until 2001?
A2: The Macintosh Classic
Q3: Which Macintosh had a distinctive "pizza box" case?
A3: LC
Q4: How many expansion slots did the Macintosh IIsi have?
A4: only one
Q5: How did Apple's profit margin on the lower cost Mac's compare to the profit margin onearlier models?
A5: considerably lower
Royal_Dutch_Shell (Natural sciences)

In response, Shell filed lawsuits to seek injunctions from possible protests, and Benjamin Jealous of the NAACP and Radford argued that the legal action was "trampling American's rights." According to Greenpeace, Shell lodged a request with Google to ban video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the Shell-sponsored Formula One (F1) Belgian Grand Prix on 25 August 2013, in which "SaveTheArctic.org" banners appear at the winners' podium ceremony. In the video, the banners rise up automatically—activists controlled their appearance with the use of four radio car antennas—revealing the website URL, alongside an image that consists of half of a polar bear's head and half of the Shell logo.

Q1: Why did Shell file lawsuits?
A1: to seek injunctions from possible protests
Q2: Jealous and Radford asserted that the legal action taken by Shell was what?
A2: "trampling American's rights."
Q3: Greenpeace claimed that Shell requested Google to ban what?
A3: video footage of a Greenpeace protest action that occurred at the Shell-sponsored Formula One (F1) Belgian Grand Prix
Q4: What banners appeared on the winners' podium at the August 2013 ceremony?
A4: "SaveTheArctic.org"
Q5: At the 2013 ceremony, activitsts controlled their appearance with what?
A5: the use of four radio car antennas
United_Nations_Population_Fund (Social sciences and society)

In response, the EU decided to fill the gap left behind by the US under the Sandbaek report. According to its Annual Report for 2008, the UNFPA received its funding mainly from European Governments: Of the total income of M845.3 M, $118 was donated by the Netherlands, $67 M by Sweden, $62 M by Norway, $54 M by Denmark, $53 M by the UK, $52 M by Spain, $19 M by Luxembourg. The European Commission donated further $36 M. The most important non-European donor State was Japan ($36 M). The number of donors exceeded 180 in one year.

Q1: Which European government contributed the most to the UNFPA in 2008?
A1: the Netherlands
Q2: Which European government contributed the least to the UNFPA in 2008?
A2: Luxembourg
Q3: Which non-European donor was most important to the UNFPA in 2008?
A3: Japan
Q4: In 2008, over how many countries contributed to the UNFPA?
A4: 180
Wood (Natural sciences)

In ring-porous species, such as ash, black locust, catalpa, chestnut, elm, hickory, mulberry, and oak, the larger vessels or pores (as cross sections of vessels are called) are localised in the part of the growth ring formed in spring, thus forming a region of more or less open and porous tissue. The rest of the ring, produced in summer, is made up of smaller vessels and a much greater proportion of wood fibers. These fibers are the elements which give strength and toughness to wood, while the vessels are a source of weakness.[citation needed]

Q1: What species of hardwood are hickory and mulberry trees?
A1: ring-porous
Q2: In what season do the growth-rings of ring-porous species form with larger vessels localized?
A2: spring
Q3: In what season does the part of the growth-ring with smaller vessels form in ring-porous species?
A3: summer
Q4: What fibers does the summer's section of growth-ring have more of?
A4: wood fibers
Q5: Along with strength, what property do wood fibers lend to wood?
A5: toughness
Wood (Natural sciences)

In ring-porous woods each season's growth is always well defined, because the large pores formed early in the season abut on the denser tissue of the year before.

Q1: What kind of woods always have very clearly marked seasonal growth?
A1: ring-porous
Q2: What size pores form early in ring-porous woods' growing season?
A2: large
Q3: When does the denser tissue the new pores abut come from?
A3: the year before
Wood (Natural sciences)

In ring-porous woods of good growth it is usually the latewood in which the thick-walled, strength-giving fibers are most abundant. As the breadth of ring diminishes, this latewood is reduced so that very slow growth produces comparatively light, porous wood composed of thin-walled vessels and wood parenchyma. In good oak these large vessels of the earlywood occupy from 6 to 10 percent of the volume of the log, while in inferior material they may make up 25% or more. The latewood of good oak is dark colored and firm, and consists mostly of thick-walled fibers which form one-half or more of the wood. In inferior oak, this latewood is much reduced both in quantity and quality. Such variation is very largely the result of rate of growth.

Q1: Which specific type of wood within ring-porous woods have more fibers to make it strong?
A1: latewood
Q2: When there is less latewood, what is diminishing?
A2: breadth of ring
Q3: Does slow or rapid growth make relatively porous, light wood?
A3: slow
Q4: What kind of oak has just 6-10% volume of large vessels in the log?
A4: good
Q5: What kind of fibers are in the latewood of good oak, making it very firm?
A5: thick-walled