LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Detroit (Geography and places)

On the shores of the strait, in 1701, the French officer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac, along with fifty-one French people and French Canadians, founded a settlement called Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit, naming it after Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain, Minister of Marine under Louis XIV. France offered free land to colonists to attract families to Detroit; when it reached a total population of 800 in 1765, it was the largest city between Montreal and New Orleans, both also French settlements. By 1773, the population of Detroit was 1,400. By 1778, its population was up to 2,144 and it was the third-largest city in the Province of Quebec.

Q1: What was Detroit's population in 1773?
A1: 1,400
Q2: What was Detroit's population in 1778?
A2: 2,144
Q3: What was Detroit's population in 1765?
A3: 800
Q4: Who was the French Minister of Marine in 1701?
A4: Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain
Q5: Which French officer led the 1701 expedition?
A5: Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac
Gymnastics (Sports and recreation)

On the uneven bars, the gymnast performs a routine on two horizontal bars set at different heights. These bars are made of fiberglass covered in wood laminate, to prevent them from breaking. In the past, bars were made of wood, but the bars were prone to breaking, providing an incentive to switch to newer technologies. The width and height of the bars may be adjusted. In the past, the uneven parallel bars were closer together. They've been moved increasingly further apart, allowing gymnasts to perform swinging, circling, transitional, and release moves, that may pass over, under, and between the two bars. At the Elite level, movements must pass through the handstand. Gymnasts often mount the Uneven Bars using a springboard, or a small mat. Chalk and grips (a leather strip with holes for fingers to protect hands and improve performance) may be used while doing this event. The chalk helps take the moisture out of gymnast's hands to decrease friction and prevent rips (tears to the skin of the hands), dowel grips help gymnasts grip the bar.

Q1: What are the uneven bars?
A1: two horizontal bars set at different heights
Q2: What are these bars made out of?
A2: fiberglass covered in wood laminate
Q3: Why are the bars not made of wood anymore?
A3: the bars were prone to breaking,
Q4: How have the bars changed over the years?
A4: They've been moved increasingly further apart
Q5: How do gymnasts normally mount the uneven bars?
A5: using a springboard, or a small mat
Dwight_D._Eisenhower (History)

On the whole, Eisenhower's support of the nation's fledgling space program was officially modest until the Soviet launch of Sputnik in 1957, gaining the Cold War enemy enormous prestige around the world. He then launched a national campaign that funded not just space exploration but a major strengthening of science and higher education. His Open Skies Policy attempted to legitimize illegal Lockheed U-2 flyovers and Project Genetrix while paving the way for spy satellite technology to orbit over sovereign territory, created NASA as a civilian space agency, signed a landmark science education law, and fostered improved relations with American scientists.

Q1: What caused Eisenhower to kickstart the US space program?
A1: Soviet launch of Sputnik
Q2: Along with the U-2 flyovers, what did Eisenhower try to legitimize with the Open Skies Policy?
A2: Project Genetrix
Q3: What was the legal status of the U-2 flyovers?
A3: illegal
Q4: What was the name of the civilian space agency created by Eisenhower?
A4: NASA
Q5: With whom did Eisenhower try to improve relations?
A5: American scientists
Railway_electrification_system (Engineering and technology)

On tracks that London Underground share with National Rail third-rail stock (the Bakerloo and District lines both have such sections), the centre rail is connected to the running rails, allowing both types of train to operate, at a compromise voltage of 660 V. Underground trains pass from one section to the other at speed; lineside electrical connections and resistances separate the two types of supply. These routes were originally solely electrified on the four-rail system by the LNWR before National Rail trains were rewired to their standard three-rail system to simplify rolling stock use.

Q1: What is the voltage shared two types of trains UK railroad system?
A1: 660 V
Q2: Why some sections of Bakerloo and District lines were rewired to three-rail system?
A2: to simplify rolling stock use
Q3: How did it become possible to share the voltage for different types of train?
A3: the centre rail is connected to the running rails
Apollo (Philosophy and religion)

Once Pan had the audacity to compare his music with that of Apollo, and to challenge Apollo, the god of the kithara, to a trial of skill. Tmolus, the mountain-god, was chosen to umpire. Pan blew on his pipes, and with his rustic melody gave great satisfaction to himself and his faithful follower, Midas, who happened to be present. Then Apollo struck the strings of his lyre. Tmolus at once awarded the victory to Apollo, and all but Midas agreed with the judgment. He dissented and questioned the justice of the award. Apollo would not suffer such a depraved pair of ears any longer, and caused them to become the ears of a donkey.

Q1: Who challenged Apollo to a trial of skill?
A1: Pan
Q2: Who was a faithful follower of Pan?
A2: Midas
Q3: Who was the mountain-god?
A3: Tmolus
Q4: Who was chosen as umpire of the trial of skill?
A4: Tmolus
Brain (Natural sciences)

Once a neuron is in place, it extends dendrites and an axon into the area around it. Axons, because they commonly extend a great distance from the cell body and need to reach specific targets, grow in a particularly complex way. The tip of a growing axon consists of a blob of protoplasm called a growth cone, studded with chemical receptors. These receptors sense the local environment, causing the growth cone to be attracted or repelled by various cellular elements, and thus to be pulled in a particular direction at each point along its path. The result of this pathfinding process is that the growth cone navigates through the brain until it reaches its destination area, where other chemical cues cause it to begin generating synapses. Considering the entire brain, thousands of genes create products that influence axonal pathfinding.

Q1: A growth cone of an axon is made up of a blob of what?
A1: protoplasm
Q2: What two structures does a neuron extend when it is in place during development?
A2: dendrites and an axon
Valencia (Geography and places)

Once a year between 2008–2012 the European Formula One Grand Prix took place in the Valencia Street Circuit. Valencia is among with Barcelona, Porto and Monte Carlo the only European cities ever to host Formula One World Championship Grands Prix on public roads in the middle of cities. The final race in 2012 European Grand Prix saw an extremely popular winner, since home driver Fernando Alonso won for Ferrari in spite of starting halfway down the field. The Valencian Community motorcycle Grand Prix (Gran Premi de la Comunitat Valenciana de motociclisme) is part of the Grand Prix motorcycle racing season at the Circuit Ricardo Tormo (also known as Circuit de Valencia). Periodically the Spanish round of the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters touring car racing Championship (DTM) is held in Valencia.

Q1: Who won the last race of the European Grand Prix in 2012?
A1: Fernando Alonso
Q2: What motorcycle event is held in Valencia?
A2: Valencian Community motorcycle Grand Prix
Q3: In which years was the European Formula One Grand Prix in Valencia?
A3: 2008–2012
Q4: What is another name for the Circuit Recardo Tormo?
A4: Circuit de Valencia
Dwight_D._Eisenhower (History)

Once again his spirits were raised when the unit under his command received orders overseas to France. This time his wishes were thwarted when the armistice was signed, just a week before departure. Completely missing out on the warfront left him depressed and bitter for a time, despite being given the Distinguished Service Medal for his work at home.[citation needed] In World War II, rivals who had combat service in the first great war (led by Gen. Bernard Montgomery) sought to denigrate Eisenhower for his previous lack of combat duty, despite his stateside experience establishing a camp, completely equipped, for thousands of troops, and developing a full combat training schedule.

Q1: How long before Eisenhower was to be transferred to France did World War I end?
A1: week
Q2: What decoration did Eisenhower receive as a result of his First World War service?
A2: Distinguished Service Medal
Q3: What notable Second World War commander disparaged Eisenhower for his lack of combat experience?
A3: Montgomery
Crucifixion_of_Jesus (Philosophy and religion)

Once at Golgotha, Jesus was offered wine mixed with gall to drink. Matthew's and Mark's Gospels record that he refused this. He was then crucified and hung between two convicted thieves. According to some translations from the original Greek, the thieves may have been bandits or Jewish rebels. According to Mark's Gospel, he endured the torment of crucifixion for some six hours from the third hour, at approximately 9 am, until his death at the ninth hour, corresponding to about 3 pm. The soldiers affixed a sign above his head stating "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" in three languages, divided his garments and cast lots for his seamless robe. The Roman soldiers did not break Jesus' legs, as they did to the other two men crucified (breaking the legs hastened the crucifixion process), as Jesus was dead already. Each gospel has its own account of Jesus' last words, seven statements altogether. In the Synoptic Gospels, various supernatural events accompany the crucifixion, including darkness, an earthquake, and (in Matthew) the resurrection of saints. Following Jesus' death, his body was removed from the cross by Joseph of Arimathea and buried in a rock-hewn tomb, with Nicodemus assisting.

Q1: What was Jesus offered to drink after his arrest?
A1: wine mixed with gall
Q2: How many hours did Jesus endure Crucifixion?
A2: six hours
Q3: How many accounts are there of Jesus' last words?
A3: seven statements altogether
Q4: Who removed Jesus from the cross?
A4: Joseph of Arimathea
Insect (Natural sciences)

Once food leaves the crop, it passes to the midgut (element 13 in numbered diagram), also known as the mesenteron, where the majority of digestion takes place. Microscopic projections from the midgut wall, called microvilli, increase the surface area of the wall and allow more nutrients to be absorbed; they tend to be close to the origin of the midgut. In some insects, the role of the microvilli and where they are located may vary. For example, specialized microvilli producing digestive enzymes may more likely be near the end of the midgut, and absorption near the origin or beginning of the midgut.:32

Q1: What is another name for mesenteron?
A1: midgut
Q2: Food goes in to the midgut after leaving where?
A2: the crop
Q3: The majority of an insects digestion happens where?
A3: the mesenteron
Q4: What kind of projections are in the midgut wall?
A4: Microscopic
Q5: What are microscopic projections called?
A5: microvilli
American_Idol (Music)

Once in Hollywood, the contestants perform individually or in groups in a series of rounds. Until season ten, there were usually three rounds of eliminations in Hollywood. In the first round the contestants emerged in groups but performed individually. For the next round, the contestants put themselves in small groups and perform a song together. In the final round, the contestants perform solo with a song of their choice a cappella or accompanied by a band‍—‌depending on the season. In seasons two and three, contestants were also asked to write original lyrics or melody in an additional round after the first round. In season seven, the group round was eliminated and contestants may, after a first solo performance and on judges approval, skip a second solo round and move directly to the final Hollywood round. In season twelve, the executive producers split up the females and males and chose the members to form the groups in the group round.

Q1: Which season did not have a group round in Hollywood?
A1: seven
Q2: In which seasons were contestants required to write original lyrics?
A2: two and three
Q3: How many Hollywood rounds were there in the first nine seasons?
A3: usually three
Q4: In which season were contestants separated by gender to form groups?
A4: twelve
Q5: How many rounds of cuts were in the Hollywood stage until season ten?
A5: three
Q6: What was eliminated from the Hollywood round in Season seven?
A6: groups
Q7: Which seasons did contestants have to write an original lyric or melody?
A7: seasons two and three
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration (History)

Once inside the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom, there are no lines to see the individual documents and visitors are allowed to walk from document to document as they wish. For over 30 years the National Archives have forbidden flash photography but the advent of cameras with automatic flashes have made the rules increasingly difficult to enforce. As a result, all filming, photographing, and videotaping by the public in the exhibition areas has been prohibited since February 25, 2010.

Q1: Since when has all filming and photography in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom been banned?
A1: February 25, 2010
Q2: For how long has the National Archives prohibited flash photography?
A2: over 30 years
Q3: What is an aspect of a visit to the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
A3: no lines
Q4: What has made the no photography rule hard to enforce in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
A4: advent of cameras with automatic flashes
Bermuda (History)

Once known as "the Gibraltar of the West" and "Fortress Bermuda", Bermuda today is defended by forces of the British government. For the first two centuries of settlement, the most potent armed force operating from Bermuda was its merchant shipping fleet, which turned to privateering at every opportunity. The Bermuda government maintained a local militia. After the American Revolutionary War, Bermuda was established as the Western Atlantic headquarters of the Royal Navy. Once the Royal Navy established a base and dockyard defended by regular soldiers, however, the militias were disbanded following the War of 1812. At the end of the 19th century, the colony raised volunteer units to form a reserve for the military garrison.

Q1: Due to the British goverment's defense forces, what are two nicknames for bermuda?
A1: the Gibraltar of the West" and "Fortress Bermuda"
Q2: What did Bermuda's merchant shipping fleet do whenever it had the chance?
A2: turned to privateering
Q3: What was Bermuda established as after the American Revolutionary War?
A3: Western Atlantic headquarters of the Royal Navy.
Q4: When were the militias in Bermuda disbanded?
A4: following the War of 1812
Q5: How did the colony form a military garrison in the 19th century?
A5: raised volunteer units to form a reserve
Bacteria (Natural sciences)

Once regarded as plants constituting the class Schizomycetes, bacteria are now classified as prokaryotes. Unlike cells of animals and other eukaryotes, bacterial cells do not contain a nucleus and rarely harbour membrane-bound organelles. Although the term bacteria traditionally included all prokaryotes, the scientific classification changed after the discovery in the 1990s that prokaryotes consist of two very different groups of organisms that evolved from an ancient common ancestor. These evolutionary domains are called Bacteria and Archaea.

Q1: What living organisms are bacteria being reffered as?
A1: prokaryotes
Q2: What vital part is missing in bacteria to eukaryotes?
A2: nucleus
Q3: When did the scientific classification change?
A3: 1990s
Q4: What are two main groups prokaryotes can be divided into?
A4: Bacteria and Archaea
Hellenistic_period (History)

Once the Second Punic War had been resolved, and the Romans had begun to regather their strength, they looked to re-assert their influence in the Balkans, and to curb the expansion of Philip. A pretext for war was provided by Philip's refusal to end his war with Attalid Pergamum, and Rhodes, both Roman allies. The Romans, also allied with the Aetolian League of Greek city-states (which resented Philip's power), thus declared war on Macedon in 200 BC, starting the Second Macedonian War. This ended with a decisive Roman victory at the Battle of Cynoscephalae (197 BC). Like most Roman peace treaties of the period, the resultant 'Peace of Flaminius' was designed utterly to crush the power of the defeated party; a massive indemnity was levied, Philip's fleet was surrendered to Rome, and Macedon was effectively returned to its ancient boundaries, losing influence over the city-states of southern Greece, and land in Thrace and Asia Minor. The result was the end of Macedon as a major power in the Mediterranean.

Q1: In what region did the Romans aim to re-bolster the influence after the Second Punic war?
A1: the Balkans
Q2: Whose refusal to end wars with Attalid Pergamum and Rhodes led to the Second Macedonian War?
A2: Philip
Q3: What year did the Second Macedonian War begin?
A3: 200 BC
Q4: What battle signaled the end to the Second Macedonian War?
A4: Battle of Cynoscephalae
Q5: What empire won the Second Macedonian War?
A5: Roman
Dwight_D._Eisenhower (History)

Once the coastal assault had succeeded, Eisenhower insisted on retaining personal control over the land battle strategy, and was immersed in the command and supply of multiple assaults through France on Germany. Field Marshal Montgomery insisted priority be given to his 21st Army Group's attack being made in the north, while Generals Bradley (12th U.S. Army Group) and Devers (Sixth U.S. Army Group) insisted they be given priority in the center and south of the front (respectively). Eisenhower worked tirelessly to address the demands of the rival commanders to optimize Allied forces, often by giving them tactical, though sometimes ineffective, latitude; many historians conclude this delayed the Allied victory in Europe. However, due to Eisenhower's persistence, the pivotal supply port at Antwerp was successfully, albeit belatedly, opened in late 1944, and victory became a more distinct probability.

Q1: What unit did Montgomery command?
A1: 21st Army Group
Q2: What general commanded the 12th US Army Group?
A2: Bradley
Q3: Who was the Sixth US Army Group's commander?
A3: Devers
Q4: What geographic portion of the front did the Sixth US Army Group operate on?
A4: south
Q5: What supply port was opened late in 1944?
A5: Antwerp
Elevator (History)

Once the elevator arrives at the floor, it will park with its doors open and the car buttons will be disabled to prevent a passenger from taking control of the elevator. Medical personnel must then activate the code-blue key switch inside the car, select their floor and close the doors with the door close button. The elevator will then travel non-stop to the selected floor, and will remain in code-blue service until switched off in the car. Some hospital elevators will feature a 'hold' position on the code-blue key switch (similar to fire service) which allows the elevator to remain at a floor locked out of service until code blue is deactivated.

Q1: Upon arriving at the desinated floor, what does the elevator do?
A1: it will park with its doors open and the car buttons will be disabled to prevent a passenger from taking control of the elevator
Q2: What steps do medical personnel take at that point?
A2: Medical personnel must then activate the code-blue key switch inside the car, select their floor and close the doors with the door close button
Q3: Where then does the elevator go?
A3: The elevator will then travel non-stop to the selected floor
Q4: Once it arrives what does the elevator do
A4: will remain in code-blue service until switched off in the car
Q5: What does the hold feature do?
A5: allows the elevator to remain at a floor locked out of service until code blue is deactivated
Buddhism (Philosophy and religion)

Once the meditator achieves a strong and powerful concentration (jhāna, Sanskrit ध्यान dhyāna), his mind is ready to penetrate and gain insight (vipassanā) into the ultimate nature of reality, eventually obtaining release from all suffering. The cultivation of mindfulness is essential to mental concentration, which is needed to achieve insight.

Q1: What is powerful concentration called?
A1: jhāna
Q2: What is the term when the mind is ready to penetrate and gain insight?
A2: vipassanā
Q3: Mindfulness is essential to concentration, which is neede to achieve what?
A3: insight
Aircraft_carrier (Warfare)

One CATOBAR carrier: São Paulo is a Clemenceau-class aircraft carrier currently in service with the Brazilian Navy. São Paulo was first commissioned in 1963 by the French Navy as Foch and was transferred in 2000 to Brazil, where she became the new flagship of the Brazilian Navy. During the period from 2005–2010, São Paulo underwent extensive modernization. At the end of 2010, sea trials began, and as of 2011[update] São Paulo had been evaluated by the CIASA (Inspection Commission and Training Advisory). She was expected to rejoin the fleet in late 2013, but suffered another major fire in 2012.

Q1: What class carrier is the Sao Paulo?
A1: Clemenceau
Q2: Who is the Sao Paulo currently in service for?
A2: the Brazilian Navy
Q3: Who was the Sao Paulo first commissioned by in 1963?
A3: the French Navy
Q4: What did Sao Paulo undergo during the period from 2005-2010?
A4: extensive modernization
Q5: What setback happened to Sao Paula in 2012?
A5: another major fire
Aircraft_carrier (Warfare)

One STOBAR carrier: Liaoning was originally built as the 57,000 tonne Soviet Admiral Kuznetsov-class carrier Varyag and was later purchased as a stripped hulk by China in 1998 on the pretext of use as a floating casino, then partially rebuilt and towed to China for completion. Liaoning was commissioned on 25 September 2012, and began service for testing and training. On 24 or 25 November 2012, Liaoning successfully launched and recovered several Shenyang J-15 jet fighter aircraft. She is classified as a training ship, intended to allow the navy to practice with carrier usage. On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession. As it is a training ship, Liaoning is not assigned to any of China's operation fleets.

Q1: Why did China purchase the STOBAR carrier Liaoning in 1998?
A1: on the pretext of use as a floating casino
Q2: What is Liaoning classifed as?
A2: a training ship
Q3: What is the Liaoning intended to help the navy practice with?
A3: carrier usage
Q4: Why is Liaoning not assigned to any of China's operation fleets?
A4: it is a training ship
Q5: Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 4-5 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity?
A5: this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession
Predation (Natural sciences)

One adaptation helping both predators and prey avoid detection is camouflage, a form of crypsis where species have an appearance that helps them blend into the background. Camouflage consists of not only color but also shape and pattern. The background upon which the organism is seen can be both its environment (e.g., the praying mantis to the right resembling dead leaves) or other organisms (e.g., zebras' stripes blend in with each other in a herd, making it difficult for lions to focus on a single target). The more convincing camouflage is, the more likely it is that the organism will go unseen.

Q1: Which adaptation helps both predators and prey?
A1: camouflage
Q2: What term is used for an adaptation that enables species to blend into the background?
A2: camouflage
Q3: Camoflauge consists of what else, in addition to color?
A3: shape and pattern
Q4: Ogranisms use camoflauge to blend with their habitat and what else?
A4: other organisms