LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
IPod (Engineering and technology)

Foxconn, Apple's manufacturer, initially denied the abuses, but when an auditing team from Apple found that workers had been working longer hours than were allowed under Chinese law, they promised to prevent workers working more hours than the code allowed. Apple hired a workplace standards auditing company, Verité, and joined the Electronic Industry Code of Conduct Implementation Group to oversee the measures. On December 31, 2006, workers at the Foxconn factory in Longhua, Shenzhen formed a union affiliated with the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, the Chinese government-approved union umbrella organization.

Q1: Who did Apple partner with to monitor its labor policies?
A1: Verité
Q2: What organization did Apple join to monitor its labor policies?
A2: Electronic Industry Code of Conduct Implementation Group
Q3: What company was found to be violating Apple's labor policies?
A3: Foxconn
Q4: Where was the Foxconn plant located?
A4: Longhua, Shenzhen
Q5: What was the name of Apple's manufacturing company that was accused of overworking its employees?
A5: Foxconn
Q6: What auditor company did Apple hire to oversee worker conditions following the controversy?
A6: Verité
Q7: In what year did Foxconn workers first unionize?
A7: 2006
Ottoman_Empire (History)

France and the Ottoman Empire, united by mutual opposition to Habsburg rule, became strong allies. The French conquests of Nice (1543) and Corsica (1553) occurred as a joint venture between the forces of the French king Francis I and Suleiman, and were commanded by the Ottoman admirals Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha and Turgut Reis. A month prior to the siege of Nice, France supported the Ottomans with an artillery unit during the 1543 Ottoman conquest of Esztergom in northern Hungary. After further advances by the Turks, the Habsburg ruler Ferdinand officially recognized Ottoman ascendancy in Hungary in 1547.

Q1: France and the Ottoman Empire united against what?
A1: Habsburg rule
Q2: Where did the French lay conquest in 1553?
A2: Corsica
Q3: The conquest of Nice was an effort by Suleiman and what French king?
A3: Francis I
Q4: What were the names of the Ottoman admirals who commanded the conquest of Nice?
A4: Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha and Turgut Reis
Q5: What ruler recognized the Ottomans in 1547?
A5: Ferdinand
Gamal_Abdel_Nasser (History)

France and the UK, the largest shareholders in the Suez Canal Company, saw its nationalization as yet another hostile measure aimed at them by the Egyptian government. Nasser was aware that the canal's nationalization would instigate an international crisis and believed the prospect of military intervention by the two countries was 80 per cent likely. He believed, however, that the UK would not be able to intervene militarily for at least two months after the announcement, and dismissed Israeli action as "impossible". In early October, the UN Security Council met on the matter of the canal's nationalization and adopted a resolution recognizing Egypt's right to control the canal as long as it continued to allow passage through it for foreign ships. According to Heikal, after this agreement, "Nasser estimated that the danger of invasion had dropped to 10 per cent". Shortly thereafter, however, the UK, France, and Israel made a secret agreement to take over the Suez Canal, occupy the Suez Canal zone, and topple Nasser.

Q1: What nations were outraged by the nationalization scheme?
A1: France and the UK
Q2: What nation did Nasser judge impossible to become militarially involved?
A2: Israel
Q3: What entity drew up an agreement that drastically reduced the threat of military action against Egypt?
A3: UN Security Council
Q4: What did the UK, France and Israel intend to do to Nasser?
A4: topple
Alsace (History)

France started the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71), and was defeated by the Kingdom of Prussia and other German states. The end of the war led to the unification of Germany. Otto von Bismarck annexed Alsace and northern Lorraine to the new German Empire in 1871; unlike other members states of the German federation, which had governments of their own, the new Imperial territory of Alsace-Lorraine was under the sole authority of the Kaiser, administered directly by the imperial government in Berlin. Between 100,000 and 130,000 Alsatians (of a total population of about a million and a half) chose to remain French citizens and leave Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen, many of them resettling in French Algeria as Pieds-Noirs. Only in 1911 was Alsace-Lorraine granted some measure of autonomy, which was manifested also in a flag and an anthem (Elsässisches Fahnenlied). In 1913, however, the Saverne Affair (French: Incident de Saverne) showed the limits of this new tolerance of the Alsatian identity.

Q1: Which country defeated the French in 1871?
A1: Kingdom of Prussia
Q2: The end of the war led to which companies unification?
A2: Germany
Q3: Who annexed Alsace to the new German Empire in 1871?
A3: Otto von Bismarck
Crimean_War (History)

France used the right moment and occupied Alger in 1830. In 1831 Muhammad Ali of Egypt, who was the most powerful vassal of the Ottoman Empire, claimed independence. Ottoman forces were defeated in a number of battles, and Egyptians were ready to capture Constantinople, which forced the sultan Mahmud II to seek for Russian military aid. 10 000 Russian army corps landed on the Bosphorus shores in 1833 and helped to prevent the capture of Constantinople, thus the possible disappearance of the Ottoman Empire was prevented.

Q1: In what year did France move into Alger?
A1: 1830
Q2: In 1831, who was the strongest vassal of the Ottoman Empire?
A2: Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Q3: Who wanted to take over Constantinople?
A3: Egyptians
Q4: What military force did Mahmud II ask for aid?
A4: Russian
Q5: How many Russians troops were sent to the Bosphorus shores?
A5: 10 000
Ashkenazi_Jews (History)

France's blended Jewish community is typical of the cultural recombination that is going on among Jews throughout the world. Although France expelled its original Jewish population in the Middle Ages, by the time of the French Revolution, there were two distinct Jewish populations. One consisted of Sephardic Jews, originally refugees from the Inquisition and concentrated in the southwest, while the other community was Ashkenazi, concentrated in formerly German Alsace, and speaking mainly Yiddish. The two communities were so separate and different that the National Assembly emancipated them separately in 1790 and 1791.

Q1: When did France expel its original Jewish population?
A1: the Middle Ages
Q2: By the time of the French Revolution there were how many distinct Jewish populations?
A2: two distinct Jewish populations
Paris (Geography and places)

France's highest courts are located in Paris. The Court of Cassation, the highest court in the judicial order, which reviews criminal and civil cases, is located in the Palais de Justice on the Île de la Cité, while the Conseil d'État, which provides legal advice to the executive and acts as the highest court in the administrative order, judging litigation against public bodies, is located in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement. The Constitutional Council, an advisory body with ultimate authority on the constitutionality of laws and government decrees, also meets in the Montpensier wing of the Palais Royal.

Q1: Where are France's highest courts located?
A1: Paris
Q2: What is the highest court in the judicial order?
A2: Court of Cassation
Q3: Where does the Constitutional Council meet?
A3: Montpensier wing of the Palais Royal
Q4: Where is the Coutt of Cassation located?
A4: Palais de Justice
Q5: Where does the Consiel d'Etat meet?
A5: Palais-Royal
Department_store (Social sciences and society)

France's major upscale department stores are Galeries Lafayette and Le Printemps, which both have flagship stores on Boulevard Haussmann in Paris and branches around the country. The first department store in France, Le Bon Marché in Paris, was founded in 1852 and is now owned by the luxury goods conglomerate LVMH. La Samaritaine, another upscale department store also owned by LVMH, closed in 2005. Mid-range department stores chains also exist in France such as the BHV (Bazar de l'Hotel de Ville), part of the same group as Galeries Lafayette.

Q1: What are two main department stores in France?
A1: Galeries Lafayette and Le Printemps
Q2: What year was the first department store open in France? 
A2: 1852
Q3: Who currently owns Le Bon Marche?
A3: LVMH
Q4: What apartment store in Paris was closed in 2005? 
A4: La Samaritaine
Q5: What French department store is part of the same group as Galeries Lafayette?
A5: BHV (Bazar de l'Hotel de Ville)
Athanasius_of_Alexandria (Philosophy and religion)

Frances A. M. Forbes writes that when the Patriarch Alexander was on his death-bed he called Athanasius, who fled fearing he would be constrained to be made Bishop. "When the Bishops of the Church assembled to elect their new Patriarch, the whole Catholic population surrounded the church, holding up their hands to Heaven and crying; "Give us Athanasius!" The Bishops had nothing better. Athanasius was thus elected, as Gregory tells us..." (Pope Gregory I, would have full access to the Vatican Archives).

Q1: What did Athanasius do to avoid speaking to Alexander on his deathbed?
A1: fled
Q2: Who did the Alexandrian people want to be their Bishop?
A2: Give us Athanasius
Q3: Did the Bishops have someone else in mind?
A3: Bishops had nothing better
Q4: Who did Alexander ask for when he was dieing?
A4: called Athanasius
Age_of_Enlightenment (Philosophy and religion)

Francis Hutcheson, a moral philosopher, described the utilitarian and consequentialist principle that virtue is that which provides, in his words, "the greatest happiness for the greatest numbers". Much of what is incorporated in the scientific method (the nature of knowledge, evidence, experience, and causation) and some modern attitudes towards the relationship between science and religion were developed by his protégés David Hume and Adam Smith. Hume became a major figure in the skeptical philosophical and empiricist traditions of philosophy.

Q1: Which moral philosopher said "the greatest happiness for the greatest numbers"?
A1: Francis Hutcheson
Q2: Which two men were Francis Hutecheson's proteges?
A2: David Hume and Adam Smith
Q3: The nature of knowledge, evidence, experience, and causation together are called what?
A3: the scientific method
Q4: What type of philosopher was Francis Hutcheson?
A4: moral
Q5: In what areas of philosophy did Hume become a major figure?
A5: skeptical philosophical and empiricist traditions
2008_Sichuan_earthquake (Natural sciences)

Francis Marcus of the International Federation of the Red Cross praised the Chinese rescue effort as "swift and very efficient" in Beijing on Tuesday. But he added the scale of the disaster was such that "we can't expect that the government can do everything and handle every aspect of the needs". The Economist noted that China reacted to the disaster "rapidly and with uncharacteristic openness", contrasting it with Burma's secretive response to Cyclone Nargis, which devastated that country 10 days before the earthquake.

Q1: What did Francis Marcus say of the Chinese relief effort?
A1: swift and very efficient
Q2: What uncharacteristic attitude did China display?
A2: openness
Q3: What kind of attitude did Burma display in response to a cyclone a few days earlier?
A3: secretive
Q4: How long before the quake did Cyclone Nargis strike Burma?
A4: 10 days
Q5: What organization did Francis Marcus represent?
A5: International Federation of the Red Cross
Brigham_Young_University (Philosophy and religion)

Franklin S. Harris was appointed the university's president in 1921. He was the first BYU president to have a doctoral degree. Harris made several important changes to the school, reorganizing it into a true university, whereas before, its organization had remnants of the Academy days. At the beginning of his tenure, the school was not officially recognized as a university by any accreditation organization. By the end of his term, the school was accredited under all major accrediting organizations at the time. He was eventually replaced by Howard S. McDonald, who received his doctorate from the University of California. When he first received the position, the Second World War had just ended, and thousands of students were flooding into BYU. By the end of his stay, the school had grown nearly five times to an enrollment of 5,440 students. The university did not have the facilities to handle such a large influx, so he bought part of an Air Force Base in Ogden, Utah and rebuilt it to house some of the students. The next president, Ernest L. Wilkinson, also oversaw a period of intense growth, as the school adopted an accelerated building program. Wilkinson was responsible for the building of over eighty structures on the campus, many of which still stand. During his tenure, the student body increased six times, making BYU the largest private school at the time. The quality of the students also increased, leading to higher educational standards at the school. Finally, Wilkinson reorganized the LDS Church units on campus, with ten stakes and over 100 wards being added during his administration.

Q1: What sort of credentials did Franklin S. Harris have?
A1: doctoral degree
Q2: Who was responsible for getting BYU acknowledged as an official university?
A2: Franklin S. Harris
Q3: What was purchased to accommodate more students?
A3: an Air Force Base
Q4: Which president was responsible for the most amount of growth to the campus?
A4: Ernest L. Wilkinson
Q5: How much did the student body expand under Howard S. McDonald?
A5: nearly five times
Q6: What type of degree did BYU's appointed president of 1921, Franklin S. Harris have that no former BYU president had?
A6: doctoral
Q7: Which BYU president was responsible for BYU becoming fully accredited under all major organizations?
A7: Franklin S. Harris
Q8: What event prompted BYU Pres. Howard S. MacDonald to purchase a portion of an Air Force Base to house a sudden influx of students?
A8: the Second World War had just ended
Q9: How much did the studen body of BYU increase under the term of Pres. Ernest L. Wilkinson to become the largest private school at the time?
A9: six times
Q10: How many new LDS Church wards were added during Wilkinson's presidency?
A10: over 100
Liberal_Party_of_Australia (History)

Fraser maintained some of the social reforms of the Whitlam era, while seeking increased fiscal restraint. His government included the first Aboriginal federal parliamentarian, Neville Bonner, and in 1976, Parliament passed the Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1976, which, while limited to the Northern Territory, affirmed "inalienable" freehold title to some traditional lands. Fraser established the multicultural broadcaster SBS, accepted Vietnamese refugees, opposed minority white rule in Apartheid South Africa and Rhodesia and opposed Soviet expansionism. A significant program of economic reform however was not pursued. By 1983, the Australian economy was suffering with the early 1980s recession and amidst the effects of a severe drought. Fraser had promoted "states' rights" and his government refused to use Commonwealth powers to stop the construction of the Franklin Dam in Tasmania in 1982. Liberal minister, Don Chipp split off from the party to form a new social liberal party, the Australian Democrats in 1977. Fraser won further substantial majorities at the 1977 and 1980 elections, before losing to the Bob Hawke led Australian Labor Party in the 1983 election.

Q1: Which document allowed Indigenous peoples the right to some traditional lands?
A1: Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1976
Q2: What environmental consequence affected the Australian economy by 1983?
A2: a severe drought
Q3: Which party did Don Chipp seperate to form in 1977?
A3: Australian Democrats
Q4: Who did Frazer eventually lose to in 1983?
A4: Bob Hawke
Seven_Years%27_War (History)

Frederick II of Prussia had received reports of the clashes in North America and had formed an alliance with Great Britain. On 29 August 1756, he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria. He intended this as a bold pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French invasion of Silesia. He had three goals in his new war on Austria. First, he would seize Saxony and eliminate it as a threat to Prussia, then using the Saxon army and treasury to aid the Prussian war effort. His second goal was to advance into Bohemia where he might set up winter quarters at Austria's expense. Thirdly, he wanted to invade Moravia from Silesia, seize the fortress at Olmütz, and advance on Vienna to force an end to the war.

Q1: How did Frederick II of Prussia respond to news of British and French clashes in North America?
A1: he led Prussian troops across the border of Saxony
Q2: What country was Saxony aligned with?
A2: Saxony, one of the small German states in league with Austria
Q3: Fpr what possession of Prussia was the Saxony invasion a distraction?
A3: pre-emption of an anticipated Austro-French invasion of Silesia
Q4: What was one goal of the invasion of Saxony?
A4: he would seize Saxony and eliminate it as a threat to Prussia
Q5: What was another goal of the invasion of Saxony?
A5: to advance into Bohemia where he might set up winter quarters at Austria's expense
Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States (Social sciences and society)

Frederick Lynch, the author of Invisible Victims: White Males and the Crisis of Affirmative Action, did a study on white males that said they were victims of reverse discrimination. Lynch explains that these white men felt frustrated and unfairly victimized by affirmative action. Shelby Steele, another author against affirmative action, wanted to see affirmative action go back to its original meaning of enforcing equal opportunity. He argued that blacks had to take full responsibility in their education and in maintaining a job. Steele believes that there is still a long way to go in America to reach our goals of eradicating discrimination.

Q1: What book did Frederick Lynch author?
A1: Invisible Victims: White Males and the Crisis of Affirmative Action
Q2: What did white males feel was happening to them as a result of affirmative action?
A2: reverse discrimination
Q3: What moral position does Shelby Steele hold?
A3: against affirmative action
Q4: What does Shelby Steele believe that the true concept of affirmative action is?
A4: enforcing equal opportunity
Seven_Years%27_War (History)

Frederick saw Saxony and Polish west Prussia as potential fields for expansion but could not expect French support if he started an aggressive war for them. If he joined the French against the British in the hope of annexing Hanover, he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack. The hereditary elector of Saxony, Augustus III, was also elective King of Poland as Augustus III, but the two territories were physically separated by Brandenburg and Silesia. Neither state could pose as a great power. Saxony was merely a buffer between Prussia and Austrian Bohemia, whereas Poland, despite its union with the ancient lands of Lithuania, was prey to pro-French and pro-Russian factions. A Prussian scheme for compensating Frederick Augustus with Bohemia in exchange for Saxony obviously presupposed further spoliation of Austria.

Q1: What two geographies did Frederick want for Prussia?
A1: Saxony and Polish west Prussia
Q2: What country would refuse support if Frederick wen to war for Saxony and west Prussia?
A2: could not expect French support
Q3: What was his concern about trying take Hanover from the British?
A3: he might fall victim to an Austro-Russian attack
Q4: What kept Augustus III from consolidating Saxony and Poland?
A4: the two territories were physically separated by Brandenburg and Silesia
Q5: Who was Poland's ancient ally?
A5: Poland, despite its union with the ancient lands of Lithuania,
Age_of_Enlightenment (Philosophy and religion)

Frederick the Great, the king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786, saw himself as a leader of the Enlightenment and patronized philosophers and scientists at his court in Berlin. Voltaire, who had been imprisoned and maltreated by the French government, was eager to accept Frederick's invitation to live at his palace. Frederick explained, "My principal occupation is to combat ignorance and prejudice ... to enlighten minds, cultivate morality, and to make people as happy as it suits human nature, and as the means at my disposal permit."

Q1: Which king of Prussia saw himself as the leader of the Enlightenment?
A1: Frederick the Great
Q2: Which Enlightenment theorist was extended an invitation to live at the palace after being iprisoned by the French government?
A2: Voltaire
Q3: Who was the king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786?
A3: Frederick the Great,
Internet_service_provider (Engineering and technology)

Free ISPs are Internet service providers that provide service free of charge. Many free ISPs display advertisements while the user is connected; like commercial television, in a sense they are selling the user's attention to the advertiser. Other free ISPs, sometimes called freenets, are run on a nonprofit basis, usually with volunteer staff.[citation needed]

Q1: What are free ISPs?
A1: Internet service providers that provide service free of charge
Q2: What do free ISPs display in exchange for service?
A2: advertisements
Q3: What are free ISPs similar to? 
A3: commercial television
Q4: How are freenets run? 
A4: on a nonprofit basis
Intellectual_property (History)

Free Software Foundation founder Richard Stallman argues that, although the term intellectual property is in wide use, it should be rejected altogether, because it "systematically distorts and confuses these issues, and its use was and is promoted by those who gain from this confusion". He claims that the term "operates as a catch-all to lump together disparate laws [which] originated separately, evolved differently, cover different activities, have different rules, and raise different public policy issues" and that it creates a "bias" by confusing these monopolies with ownership of limited physical things, likening them to "property rights". Stallman advocates referring to copyrights, patents and trademarks in the singular and warns against abstracting disparate laws into a collective term.

Q1: Who founded the Free Software Foundation?
A1: Richard Stallman
Q2: Who said the term 'intellectual property' should be rejected altogether?
A2: Richard Stallman
Q3: Who said the term 'intellectual property' "operates as a catch-all"?
A3: Richard Stallman
Q4: How does Stallman advocate referring to copyrights, patents, and trademarks?
A4: in the singular
Tajikistan (Geography and places)

Freedom of the press is ostensibly officially guaranteed by the government, but independent press outlets remain restricted, as does a substantial amount of web content. According to the Institute for War & Peace Reporting, access is blocked to local and foreign websites including avesta.tj, Tjknews.com, ferghana.ru, centrasia.ru and journalists are often obstructed from reporting on controversial events. In practice, no public criticism of the regime is tolerated and all direct protest is severely suppressed and does not receive coverage in the local media.

Q1: Even though Tajikistan has freedom of the press, what is the problem with it?
A1: independent press outlets remain restricted
Q2: What access is blocked?
A2: access is blocked to local and foreign websites including avesta.tj, Tjknews.com, ferghana.ru, centrasia.ru
Q3: What is not tolerated by the government in respect to media?
A3: no public criticism of the regime is tolerated
Q4: What is not covered by local media?
A4: all direct protest is severely suppressed