LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas (History)

Cultural practices in the Americas seem to have been shared mostly within geographical zones where unrelated peoples adopted similar technologies and social organizations. An example of such a cultural area is Mesoamerica, where millennia of coexistence and shared development among the peoples of the region produced a fairly homogeneous culture with complex agricultural and social patterns. Another well-known example is the North American plains where until the 19th century several peoples shared the traits of nomadic hunter-gatherers based primarily on buffalo hunting.

Q1: What did geographical zones encourage the sharing of?
A1: Cultural practices
Q2: What did people in the same reason adopt?
A2: similar technologies and social organizations
Q3: Where did millennia of coexistence produce a culture with advanced agricultural and social patterns?
A3: Mesoamerica
Q4: How long was there a homogeneous culture on the North American plains?
A4: until the 19th century
Q5: What creature did the nomadic hunter-gatherers of the plains hunt?
A5: buffalo
Culture (Philosophy and religion)

Cultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (1918–1933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie (cultural sociology). Cultural sociology was then "reinvented" in the English-speaking world as a product of the "cultural turn" of the 1960s, which ushered in structuralist and postmodern approaches to social science. This type of cultural sociology may loosely be regarded as an approach incorporating cultural analysis and critical theory. Cultural sociologists tend to reject scientific methods,[citation needed] instead hermeneutically focusing on words, artifacts and symbols. "Culture" has since become an important concept across many branches of sociology, including resolutely scientific fields like social stratification and social network analysis. As a result, there has been a recent influx of quantitative sociologists to the field. Thus there is now a growing group of sociologists of culture who are, confusingly, not cultural sociologists. These scholars reject the abstracted postmodern aspects of cultural sociology, and instead look for a theoretical backing in the more scientific vein of social psychology and cognitive science. "Cultural sociology" is one of the largest sections of the American Sociological Association. The British establishment of cultural studies means the latter is often taught as a loosely distinct discipline in the UK.

Q1: Where did sociology culture stem from?
A1: Weimar Germany
Q2: Who was the first to refer to culture as sociology?
A2: Alfred Weber
Q3: What do cultural  sociologist tend to reject as key attribute of culture?
A3: scientific methods
Ashkenazi_Jews (History)

Culturally, an Ashkenazi Jew can be identified by the concept of Yiddishkeit, which means "Jewishness" in the Yiddish language. Yiddishkeit is specifically the Jewishness of Ashkenazi Jews. Before the Haskalah and the emancipation of Jews in Europe, this meant the study of Torah and Talmud for men, and a family and communal life governed by the observance of Jewish Law for men and women. From the Rhineland to Riga to Romania, most Jews prayed in liturgical Ashkenazi Hebrew, and spoke Yiddish in their secular lives. But with modernization, Yiddishkeit now encompasses not just Orthodoxy and Hasidism, but a broad range of movements, ideologies, practices, and traditions in which Ashkenazi Jews have participated and somehow retained a sense of Jewishness. Although a far smaller number of Jews still speak Yiddish, Yiddishkeit can be identified in manners of speech, in styles of humor, in patterns of association. Broadly speaking, a Jew is one who associates culturally with Jews, supports Jewish institutions, reads Jewish books and periodicals, attends Jewish movies and theater, travels to Israel, visits historical synagogues, and so forth. It is a definition that applies to Jewish culture in general, and to Ashkenazi Yiddishkeit in particular.

Q1: Culturally, an Ashkenazi Jew can be identified by what concept?
A1: Yiddishkeit
Q2: What does Yiddishkeit mean in the Yiddish language?
A2: "Jewishness"
Q3: In the past most Jews prayed in what language?
A3: liturgical Ashkenazi Hebrew
Q4: In the past, while most Jews prayed in one language, they used which other language in their secular lives?
A4: Yiddish
Q5: Is there a larger or smaller number of Jews that speak Yiddish today than in the past?
A5: a far smaller number of Jews still speak Yiddish
Culture (Philosophy and religion)

Cultures are externally affected via contact between societies, which may also produce—or inhibit—social shifts and changes in cultural practices. War or competition over resources may impact technological development or social dynamics. Additionally, cultural ideas may transfer from one society to another, through diffusion or acculturation. In diffusion, the form of something (though not necessarily its meaning) moves from one culture to another. For example, hamburgers, fast food in the United States, seemed exotic when introduced into China. "Stimulus diffusion" (the sharing of ideas) refers to an element of one culture leading to an invention or propagation in another. "Direct Borrowing" on the other hand tends to refer to technological or tangible diffusion from one culture to another. Diffusion of innovations theory presents a research-based model of why and when individuals and cultures adopt new ideas, practices, and products.

Q1: What may impact social dynamics and technical development?
A1: War or competition over resources
Q2: In the example given, what seemed exotic when introduced into China but is common in the United States?
A2: fast food
Q3: What does the term Stimulus diffusion mean?
A3: the sharing of ideas
Q4: Which theory consist of cultured adopting new practices,ideas, and products?
A4: Diffusion of innovations
Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308 (History)

Current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India Raghuram Rajan had predicted the crisis in 2005 when he became chief economist at the International Monetary Fund.In 2005, at a celebration honouring Alan Greenspan, who was about to retire as chairman of the US Federal Reserve, Rajan delivered a controversial paper that was critical of the financial sector. In that paper, "Has Financial Development Made the World Riskier?", Rajan "argued that disaster might loom." Rajan argued that financial sector managers were encouraged to "take risks that generate severe adverse consequences with small probability but, in return, offer generous compensation the rest of the time. These risks are known as tail risks. But perhaps the most important concern is whether banks will be able to provide liquidity to financial markets so that if the tail risk does materialise, financial positions can be unwound and losses allocated so that the consequences to the real economy are minimised."

Q1: Who was the current Governor of the Reserve Bank of India that predicted the crisis in 2005?
A1: Raghuram Rajan
Q2: When did Raghuram Rajan become chief economist the the International Monetary Fund?
A2: 2005
Q3: In 2005, where did Rajan deliver a controversial paper that was critical of the financial paper?
A3: at a celebration honouring Alan Greenspan
Q4: What was the name of Raghuram Rajan's controversial paper delivered in 2005?
A4: "Has Financial Development Made the World Riskier?"
Q5: What are risks called that generate severe adverse consequences with small probability but generous compensation the rest of the time?
A5: tail risks
Antenna_(radio) (Engineering and technology)

Current circulating in one antenna generally induces a voltage across the feedpoint of nearby antennas or antenna elements. The mathematics presented below are useful in analyzing the electrical behaviour of antenna arrays, where the properties of the individual array elements (such as half wave dipoles) are already known. If those elements were widely separated and driven in a certain amplitude and phase, then each would act independently as that element is known to. However, because of the mutual interaction between their electric and magnetic fields due to proximity, the currents in each element are not simply a function of the applied voltage (according to its driving point impedance), but depend on the currents in the other nearby elements. Note that this now is a near field phenomenon which could not be properly accounted for using the Friis transmission equation for instance.

Q1: Where are the indiviual array elements known?
A1: antenna arrays
Q2: What induces a feedpoint to antennas nearby?
A2: Current circulating
Q3: What are the mathmatic useful towards?
A3: electrical behaviour
Q4: What cause mutual interactions between the elements electric and magnetic fields?
A4: proximity
Everton_F.C. (History)

Current manager, Roberto Martínez, is the fourteenth permanent holder of the position since it was established in 1939. There have also been four caretaker managers, and before 1939 the team was selected by either the club secretary or by committee. The club's longest-serving manager has been Harry Catterick, who was in charge of the team from 1961–73, taking in 594 first team matches. The Everton manager to win most domestic and international trophies is Howard Kendall, who won two Division One championships, the 1984 FA Cup, the 1984 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, and three Charity Shields.

Q1: Who is the current manager of the Everton Football Club?
A1: Roberto Martínez
Q2: How many caretaker managers have their been in the Everton FC's history?
A2: four
Q3: Who was the Everton FC team's longest serving manager?
A3: Harry Catterick
Q4: When did Harry Catterick manage the Everton Football Club?
A4: 1961–73
Q5: Which Everton manager won the most domestic and international trophies during his time?
A5: Howard Kendall
Ann_Arbor,_Michigan (History)

Current publications in the city include the Ann Arbor Journal (A2 Journal), a weekly community newspaper; the Ann Arbor Observer, a free monthly local magazine; the Ann Arbor Independent, a locally owned, independent weekly; and Current, a free entertainment-focused alt-weekly. The Ann Arbor Business Review covers local business in the area. Car and Driver magazine and Automobile Magazine are also based in Ann Arbor. The University of Michigan is served by many student publications, including the independent Michigan Daily student newspaper, which reports on local, state, and regional issues in addition to campus news.

Q1: What magazine covers Ann Arbor's local businesses?
A1: Ann Arbor Business Review
Q2: Which automobile magazines are based from Ann Arbor?
A2: Car and Driver magazine and Automobile Magazine
Q3: Which university magazine reports local, state & regional issues in addition to campus news?
A3: Michigan Daily student newspaper
United_States_dollar (History)

Currently printed denominations are $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100. Notes above the $100 denomination stopped being printed in 1946 and were officially withdrawn from circulation in 1969. These notes were used primarily in inter-bank transactions or by organized crime; it was the latter usage that prompted President Richard Nixon to issue an executive order in 1969 halting their use. With the advent of electronic banking, they became less necessary. Notes in denominations of $500, $1,000, $5,000, $10,000 and $100,000 were all produced at one time; see large denomination bills in U.S. currency for details. These notes are now collectors' items and are worth more than their face value to collectors.

Q1: What is the highest currently printed denomination of bill?
A1: $100
Q2: In which year were notes valued above $100 no longer printed?
A2: 1946
Q3: When were bills above the $100 denomination withdrawn from circulation?
A3: 1969
Q4: What use of higher value bills prompted Nixon to halt the use of said bills?
A4: organized crime
Q5: What was issued to halt the use of higher currency denomations?
A5: an executive order
Canon_law (Philosophy and religion)

Currently, (2004), there are principles of canon law common to the churches within the Anglican Communion; their existence can be factually established; each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion; these principles have a strong persuasive authority and are fundamental to the self-understanding of each of the churches of the Communion; these principles have a living force, and contain in themselves the possibility of further development; and the existence of these principles both demonstrates unity and promotes unity within the Anglican Communion. 

Q1: As of 2004, what do all Anglican Communion Churches share?
A1: principles of canon law
Q2: What term characterizes the way in which the existence of canon principles can be shown?
A2: factually
Q3: Through what does each member of the Anglican Communion make a contribution to Church law? 
A3: its own legal system
Q4: What kind of force could the canonical principles be said to have within the Communion?
A4: living
Q5: What does having common principles show and support for churches int he Communion?
A5: unity
Treaty (Language and literature)

Currently, international agreements are executed by executive agreement rather than treaties at a rate of 10:1. Despite the relative ease of executive agreements, the President still often chooses to pursue the formal treaty process over an executive agreement in order to gain congressional support on matters that require the Congress to pass implementing legislation or appropriate funds, and those agreements that impose long-term, complex legal obligations on the United States. For example, the deal by the United States, Iran and other countries is not a Treaty.

Q1: In the United States, what is the ratio of executive agreements to treaties?
A1: 10:1
Q2: What is it about the approval process of executive agreements might lead a US president to prefer them over treaties?
A2: the relative ease
Q3: The president of the United States might prefer the formal treaty process on matters that require Congress to do what?
A3: pass implementing legislation or appropriate funds
Q4: The president of the United States might prefer the formal treaty process for agreements that impose what type of legal obligations on the US?
A4: long-term, complex
Q5: The international deal between the US, other countries, and what controversial nation is not a treaty?
A5: Iran
Canadian_Armed_Forces (Warfare)

Currently, the Regular Force component of the Army consists of three field-ready brigade groups: 1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Edmonton and CFB Shilo; 2 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Petawawa and CFB Gagetown; and 5 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, at CFB Valcartier and Quebec City. Each contains one regiment each of artillery, armour, and combat engineers, three battalions of infantry (all scaled in the British fashion), one battalion for logistics, a squadron for headquarters/signals, and several smaller support organizations. A tactical helicopter squadron and a field ambulance are co-located with each brigade, but do not form part of the brigade's command structure.

Q1: How many brigades does the Army consist of?
A1: three
Q2: Each Brigade contains how many regiments?
A2: one
Q3: What squadron is present but not an official part of the Brigade?
A3: tactical helicopter squadron
Q4: What medical group is present at all Brigades but not part of it?
A4: a field ambulance
United_States_Army (History)

Currently, the army is divided into the Regular Army, the Army Reserve, and the Army National Guard. The army is also divided into major branches such as Air Defense Artillery, Infantry, Aviation, Signal Corps, Corps of Engineers, and Armor. Before 1903 members of the National Guard were considered state soldiers unless federalized (i.e., activated) by the President. Since the Militia Act of 1903 all National Guard soldiers have held dual status: as National Guardsmen under the authority of the governor of their state or territory and, when activated, as a reserve of the U.S. Army under the authority of the President.

Q1: What were National Guard members considered before 1903?
A1: state soldiers
Q2: In what year did the Milita Act take place?
A2: 1903
Q3: The Air Defense Artillery is a branch of what?
A3: the Army
Q4: National Guardsmen are under the authority of who?
A4: the governor
Professional_wrestling (Sports and recreation)

Currently, the largest professional wrestling company worldwide is the United States-based WWE, which bought out many smaller regional companies in the late 20th century, as well as its primary US competitors WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) in early 2001. Other prominent professional wrestling companies worldwide include the US-based Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and Ring of Honor (ROH), Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) and Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) in Mexico, and the Japanese New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW), All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), and Pro Wrestling Noah (NOAH) leagues.

Q1: What is the biggest wrestling company?
A1: the United States-based WWE
Q2: Which companies are some of WWE's competition?
A2: WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW)
Q3: What are some other major wrestling companies?
A3: Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and Ring of Honor (ROH), Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) and Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA)
Q4: What is the name of a Japanese wrestling company?
A4: Japanese New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW)
North_Carolina (Geography and places)

Currently, the rapid influx of northerners and immigrants from Latin America is steadily increasing ethnic and religious diversity: the number of Roman Catholics and Jews in the state has increased, as well as general religious diversity. The second-largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina after Baptist traditions is Methodism, which is strong in the northern Piedmont, especially in populous Guilford County. There are also a substantial number of Quakers in Guilford County and northeastern North Carolina. Many universities and colleges in the state have been founded on religious traditions, and some currently maintain that affiliation, including:

Q1: Immigrants from latin America coming to North Carolina is increasing what?
A1: ethnic and religious diversity
Q2: What has happened to the number of Roman Catholics and Jews in North Carolina?
A2: increased
Q3: Religious diversity in North Carolina has generally what?
A3: increased
Q4: What is the second largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina?
A4: Methodism
Q5: What county in Piedmont is methodism especially strong in?
A5: Guilford
Electric_motor (Engineering and technology)

Currents induced into this winding provide the rotor magnetic field. The shape of the rotor bars determines the speed-torque characteristics. At low speeds, the current induced in the squirrel cage is nearly at line frequency and tends to be in the outer parts of the rotor cage. As the motor accelerates, the slip frequency becomes lower, and more current is in the interior of the winding. By shaping the bars to change the resistance of the winding portions in the interior and outer parts of the cage, effectively a variable resistance is inserted in the rotor circuit. However, the majority of such motors have uniform bars.

Q1: What determines the properties of speed and torque?
A1: shape of the rotor bars
Q2: At high speed, where is the most current?
A2: interior of the winding
Q3: Is the current frequency higher or lower at high speed?
A3: lower
Q4: Changing the shapes of the bars creates what?
A4: variable resistance
Q5: Where can variable resistance be created?
A5: rotor circuit
United_States_Air_Force (Warfare)

Cyberspace Support is foundational, continuous, or responsive operations ensuring information integrity and availability in, through, and from Air Force-controlled infrastructure and its interconnected analog and digital portion of the battle space. Inherent in this mission is the ability to establish, extend, secure, protect, and defend in order to sustain assigned networks and missions. This includes protection measures against supply chain components plus critical C2 networks/communications links and nuclear C2 networks. The cyberspace support mission incorporates CNE and CND techniques. It incorporates all elements of Air Force Network Operations, information transport, enterprise management, and information assurance, and is dependent on ISR and all-source intelligence.

Q1: What division ensures the Air Force's information integrity and availability? 
A1: Cyberspace Support
Q2: What is ability is critical in Cyberspace Supports mission?
A2: sustain assigned networks and missions
Q3: What important networks is it the function of Cyberspace support to protect?
A3: C2 networks/communications links and nuclear C2 networks
Q4: What techniques does the Cyberspace Support branch of the Air Force use? 
A4: CNE and CND
Anthropology (Social sciences and society)

Cyborg anthropology originated as a sub-focus group within the American Anthropological Association's annual meeting in 1993. The sub-group was very closely related to STS and the Society for the Social Studies of Science. Donna Haraway's 1985 Cyborg Manifesto could be considered the founding document of cyborg anthropology by first exploring the philosophical and sociological ramifications of the term. Cyborg anthropology studies humankind and its relations with the technological systems it has built, specifically modern technological systems that have reflexively shaped notions of what it means to be human beings.

Q1: What type of anthropology originated as a sub-focus group?
A1: Cyborg
Q2: When did the division of cyborg anthropology originate?
A2: 1993
Q3: What the sub-group of cyborg anthropology very closely related to, in addition to STS?
A3: the Society for the Social Studies of Science
Q4: Who published a Cyborg Manifesto?
A4: Donna Haraway
Q5: What does cyborg anthropology study about humankind and technological systems humans have built?
A5: its relations
Tucson,_Arizona (Geography and places)

Cycling is popular in Tucson due to its flat terrain and dry climate. Tucson and Pima County maintain an extensive network of marked bike routes, signal crossings, on-street bike lanes, mountain-biking trails, and dedicated shared-use paths. The Loop is a network of seven linear parks comprising over 100 mi (160 km) of paved, vehicle-free trails that encircles the majority of the city with links to Marana and Oro Valley. The Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee (TPCBAC) serves in an advisory capacity to local governments on issues relating to bicycle recreation, transportation, and safety. Tucson was awarded a gold rating for bicycle-friendliness by the League of American Bicyclists in 2006.

Q1: Why is cycling popular in Tucson?
A1: its flat terrain and dry climate
Q2: What is The Loop?
A2: a network of seven linear parks
Q3: How many miles of trails are in The Loop?
A3: over 100
Q4: What organization advises the Tucson government on bike concerns?
A4: Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee
Q5: What kind of places to ride bikes does Tucson have?
A5: marked bike routes, signal crossings, on-street bike lanes, mountain-biking trails, and dedicated shared-use paths