LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Gamal_Abdel_Nasser (History)

While Nasser was in Syria, King Saud planned to have him assassinated on his return flight to Cairo. On 4 March, Nasser addressed the masses in Damascus and waved before them the Saudi check given to Syrian security chief and Nasser supporter Abdel Hamid Sarraj to shoot down Nasser's plane. As a consequence of Saud's scheme, he was forced by senior members of the Saudi royal family to informally cede most of his powers to his brother, King Faisal, a major opponent of Nasser and advocate for pan-Islamic unity over pan-Arabism.

Q1: Who tried to assassinate Nasser?
A1: King Saud
Q2: How was the assassination supposed to have been carried out?
A2: shoot down Nasser's plane
Q3: Who assumed power in Saudi Arabia after the failed assassination attempt?
A3: King Faisal
Q4: What was King Faisal's position toward Nasser?
A4: opponent
Gamal_Abdel_Nasser (History)

While Nasser was increasingly criticized by Egyptian intellectuals following the Six-Day War and his death in 1970, the general public was persistently sympathetic both during and after Nasser's life. According to political scientist Mahmoud Hamad, writing in 2008, "nostalgia for Nasser is easily sensed in Egypt and all Arab countries today". General malaise in Egyptian society, particularly during the Mubarak era, augmented nostalgia for Nasser's presidency, which increasingly became associated with the ideals of national purpose, hope, social cohesion, and vibrant culture.

Q1: Who was most critical of Nasser's rule?
A1: Egyptian intellectuals
Q2: What event generated criticism of Nasser from Egypt's elite?
A2: Six-Day War
Q3: During whose presidency were Egyptians nostalgic for Nasser?
A3: Mubarak
Q4: What ideals are associated with Nasser's time as prsident?
A4: national purpose, hope, social cohesion, and vibrant culture
Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System (Video games)

While Nintendo never released an adapter for playing NES games on the SNES (though the instructions included a way to connect both consoles to the same TV by either daisy chaining the RF switches or using AV outputs for one or both systems), the Super Game Boy adapter cartridge allows games designed for Nintendo's portable Game Boy system to be played on the SNES. The Super Game Boy touted several feature enhancements over the Game Boy, including palette substitution, custom screen borders, and (for specially enhanced games) access to the SNES console. Japan also saw the release of the Super Game Boy 2, which added a communication port to enable a second Game Boy to connect for multiplayer games.

Q1: How did Nintendo say an NES and SNES could be used on the same TV?
A1: either daisy chaining the RF switches or using AV outputs for one or both systems
Q2: Which other game system's cartridges could be adapted to the SNES?
A2: Game Boy
Q3: What improvements did the Super Game Boy have over the Game Boy?
A3: palette substitution, custom screen borders, and (for specially enhanced games) access to the SNES console
Q4: Where was the Super Game Boy 2 released?
A4: Japan
Q5: What did the Super Game Boy 2 add?
A5: a communication port to enable a second Game Boy to connect for multiplayer games
Czech_language (Language and literature)

While Old Czech had a basic alphabet from which a general set of orthographical correspondences was drawn, it did not have a standard orthography. It also contained a number of sound clusters which no longer exist; allowing ě (/jɛ/) after soft consonants, which has since shifted to e (/ɛ/), and allowing complex consonant clusters to be pronounced all at once rather than syllabically. A phonological phenomenon, Havlik's law (which began in Proto-Slavic and took various forms in other Slavic languages), appeared in Old Czech; counting backwards from the end of a clause, every odd-numbered yer was vocalized as a vowel, while the other yers disappeared.

Q1: What type of orthography did Old Czech lack?
A1: standard
Q2: Why aren't some sound clusters used in modern Czech?
A2: no longer exist
Q3: How did old Czech allow some complex consonant clusters to be pronounced?
A3: all at once
Q4: What type of phenomenon is Havlik's law?
A4: phonological
Q5: Which "yer"s were vocalized as vowels?
A5: every odd-numbered
Paris (Geography and places)

While Paris has some of the richest neighbourhoods in France, it also has some of the poorest, mostly on the eastern side of the city. In 2012, 14 percent of households in the city earned less than €977 per month, the official poverty line. Twenty-five percent of residents in the 19th arrondissement lived below the poverty line; 24 percent in the 18th, 22 percent in the 20th and 18 percent in the 10th. In the city's wealthiest neighbourhood, the 7th arrondissement, 7 percent lived below the poverty line; 8 percent in the 6th arrondissement; and 9 percent in the 16th arrondissement.

Q1: What percentage of households earned less than 977 per month?
A1: 14
Q2: WHat percentage of people in the 19th arrondissement lived below the poverty line?
A2: Twenty-five
Q3: What percentage of people lived below the poverty line in Paris' wealthiest neighborhood?
A3: 7
Dwight_D._Eisenhower (History)

While President Truman had begun the process of desegregating the Armed Forces in 1948, actual implementation had been slow. Eisenhower made clear his stance in his first State of the Union address in February 1953, saying "I propose to use whatever authority exists in the office of the President to end segregation in the District of Columbia, including the Federal Government, and any segregation in the Armed Forces". When he encountered opposition from the services, he used government control of military spending to force the change through, stating "Wherever Federal Funds are expended ..., I do not see how any American can justify ... a discrimination in the expenditure of those funds".

Q1: Which president initially began to desegregate the US military?
A1: Truman
Q2: When did the desegregation of the United States Armed Forces begin?
A2: 1948
Q3: When did Eisenhower deliver his first State of the Union?
A3: February 1953
Q4: What control did Eisenhower use to push through desegregation?
A4: military spending
Q5: In what geographical area did Eisenhower promise to end desegregation in his State of the Union address?
A5: District of Columbia
Southampton (Geography and places)

While Southampton is no longer the base for any cross-channel ferries, it is the terminus for three internal ferry services, all of which operate from terminals at Town Quay. Two of these, a car ferry service and a fast catamaran passenger ferry service, provide links to East Cowes and Cowes respectively on the Isle of Wight and are operated by Red Funnel. The third ferry is the Hythe Ferry, providing a passenger service to Hythe on the other side of Southampton Water.

Q1: How many internal ferry services does Southampton serve?
A1: three
Q2: What is the name of the quay where all three ferries have their terminals?
A2: Town Quay
Q3: How many of the ferries connect to the Isle of Wight?
A3: Two
Q4: What company operates the ferries to East Cowes and Cowes?
A4: Red Funnel
Q5: What body of water does the Hythe Ferry cross to reach Hythe from Southampton?
A5: Southampton Water
Southeast_Asia (Geography and places)

While Southeast Asia is rich in flora and fauna, Southeast Asia is facing severe deforestation which causes habitat loss for various endangered species such as orangutan and the Sumatran tiger. Predictions have been made that more than 40% of the animal and plant species in Southeast Asia could be wiped out in the 21st century. At the same time, haze has been a regular occurrence. The two worst regional hazes were in 1997 and 2006 in which multiple countries were covered with thick haze, mostly caused by "slash and burn" activities in Sumatra and Borneo. In reaction, several countries in Southeast Asia signed the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution to combat haze pollution.

Q1: What percentage of plant and animal species extinction is predicted in the 21st century?
A1: 40%
Q2: Where has haze been predominant?
A2: Sumatra and Borneo
Q3: How is a haze formed?
A3: caused by "slash and burn" activities
Q4: What agreement has the Southeast Asian countries signed to combat haze pollution?
A4: Transboundary Haze Pollution
Q5: When did the 2 worst haze pollution occur in Southeast Asia?
A5: 1997 and 2006
Kanye_West (Music)

While West had encountered controversy a year prior when he stormed out of the American Music Awards of 2004 after losing Best New Artist, the rapper's first large-scale controversy came just days following Late Registration's release, during a benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina victims. In September 2005, NBC broadcast A Concert for Hurricane Relief, and West was a featured speaker. When West was presenting alongside actor Mike Myers, he deviated from the prepared script. Myers spoke next and continued to read the script. Once it was West's turn to speak again, he said, "George Bush doesn't care about black people." West's comment reached much of the United States, leading to mixed reactions; President Bush would later call it one of the most "disgusting moments" of his presidency. West raised further controversy in January 2006 when he posed on the cover of Rolling Stone wearing a crown of thorns.

Q1: The loss of which award caused Kanye to leave the American Music Awards?
A1: Best New Artist
Q2: Kanye participated alongside Mike Meyers in a relief benefit show for what natural disaster?
A2: Hurricane Katrina
Q3: What magazine did Kanye don a thorn crown for the cover of in 2006?
A3: Rolling Stone
Q4: In which AMA category did Kanye lose in 2004?
A4: Best New Artist
Q5: Which actor was alongside Kanye West when he insulted President Bush?
A5: Mike Myers
Q6: What magazine did Kanye West pose for in 2006 that caused another controversy?
A6: Rolling Stone
Q7: What broadcast for NBC was Kanye presenting for when he spoke negatively about President Bush?
A7: A Concert for Hurricane Relief
Armenia (History)

While Western Armenia still remained under Ottoman rule, the Armenians were granted considerable autonomy within their own enclaves and lived in relative harmony with other groups in the empire (including the ruling Turks). However, as Christians under a strict Muslim social system, Armenians faced pervasive discrimination. When they began pushing for more rights within the Ottoman Empire, Sultan ‘Abdu’l-Hamid II, in response, organized state-sponsored massacres against the Armenians between 1894 and 1896, resulting in an estimated death toll of 80,000 to 300,000 people. The Hamidian massacres, as they came to be known, gave Hamid international infamy as the "Red Sultan" or "Bloody Sultan."

Q1: How many Armenians were slaughtered between 1894-1896
A1: 80,000 to 300,000
Q2: What prompted the state-sponsored slaughter of Armenians?
A2: pushing for more rights
Q3: What nicknames was Sultan 'Abdu'l-Hamid II given?
A3: "Red Sultan" or "Bloody Sultan."
Q4: What was the name given to the slaughter of the Armenians between 1894-1896?
A4: Hamidian massacres
Q5: What type of social system was in place under the Ottoman Empire?
A5: Muslim
Computer (Engineering and technology)

While a computer may be viewed as running one gigantic program stored in its main memory, in some systems it is necessary to give the appearance of running several programs simultaneously. This is achieved by multitasking i.e. having the computer switch rapidly between running each program in turn.

Q1: In computer terms, when a computer is switching rapidly between running each program in turn, is called what?
A1: multitasking
Hellenistic_period (History)

While a few fragments exist, there is no surviving historical work which dates to the hundred years following Alexander's death. The works of the major Hellenistic historians Hieronymus of Cardia (who worked under Alexander, Antigonus I and other successors), Duris of Samos and Phylarchus which were used by surviving sources are all lost. The earliest and most credible surviving source for the Hellenistic period is Polybius of Megalopolis (c. 200-118), a statesman of the Achaean League until 168 BCE when he was forced to go to Rome as a hostage. His Histories eventually grew to a length of forty books, covering the years 220 to 167 BCE.

Q1: What is the earliest, most credible source of the Hellenistic period?
A1: Polybius
Q2: Where was Polybius from?
A2: Megalopolis
Q3: Where was Polybius forced to go as hostage?
A3: Rome
Q4: What years do Polybius books cover?
A4: 220 to 167 BCE
Q5: What League was Polybius a statesman?
A5: Achaean
Dog (Natural sciences)

While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.

Q1: Natural selection and what makes certain dogs behave certain ways?
A1: selective breeding
Q2: What distinguishes different types of dogs from one another?
A2: breed
Q3: Who keeps classifications of different dog breeds?
A3: modern kennel clubs.
Q4: What is responsible for different dog types and breeds today?
A4: natural selection and selective breeding
Q5: Animals that share characteristics that are different than what other animals in that species have is known as what?
A5: breeds
Q6: Modern dog breeds are what type of classification which is maintained by modern kennel clubs?
A6: non-scientific
Diarrhea (Natural sciences)

While antibiotics are beneficial in certain types of acute diarrhea, they are usually not used except in specific situations. There are concerns that antibiotics may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome in people infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7. In resource-poor countries, treatment with antibiotics may be beneficial. However, some bacteria are developing antibiotic resistance, particularly Shigella. Antibiotics can also cause diarrhea, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea is the most common adverse effect of treatment with general antibiotics.

Q1: Are antibiotics used in diarrhea instances?
A1: they are usually not used except in specific situations
Q2: What are the concerns with anitbiotics?
A2: may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome in people infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7
Q3: What are bacteria doing that makes them not work as well?
A3: some bacteria are developing antibiotic resistance
Asthma (Natural sciences)

While asthma is a well recognized condition, there is not one universal agreed upon definition. It is defined by the Global Initiative for Asthma as "a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role. The chronic inflammation is associated with airway hyper-responsiveness that leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing particularly at night or in the early morning. These episodes are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction within the lung that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment".

Q1: Is there a universal definition of astham?
A1: there is not one universal agreed upon definition
Q2: What main components play a role in asthma?
A2: many cells and cellular elements play a role
Q3: What is the inflamation a result of?
A3: airway hyper-responsiveness
Q4: What does hyper-responsiveness of the airways cause?
A4: episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing
Q5: What are two ways to reverse an asthma attack?
A5: spontaneously or with treatment
Queen_(band) (Music)

While attending Ealing Art College, Tim Staffell became friends with Farrokh Bulsara, a fellow student who had assumed the English name of Freddie. Bulsara felt that he and the band had the same tastes and soon became a keen fan of Smile. In late 1970, after Staffell left to join the band Humpy Bong, the remaining Smile members, encouraged by Bulsara, changed their name to "Queen" and continued working together. When asked about the name, Bulsara explained, "I thought up the name Queen. It's just a name, but it's very regal obviously, and it sounds splendid. It's a strong name, very universal and immediate. It had a lot of visual potential and was open to all sorts of interpretations. I was certainly aware of gay connotations, but that was just one facet of it."

Q1: Tim Staffell left the band Smile in what year?
A1: 1970
Q2: What band did Tim Staffell join after leaving Smile?
A2: Humpy Bong
Q3: What was the name of the college Tim Staffell attended when he met Farrokh Bulsara?
A3: Ealing Art College
Q4: In what year did Smile change their name to Queen?
A4: 1970
Q5: What was the English first name Farrokh Bulsara adopted?
A5: Freddie
Carnival (Philosophy and religion)

While christian festivals such as corpus christi were church-sanctioned celebrations, Carnival was also a manifestation of European folk culture. In the Christian tradition the fasting is to commemorate the 40 days that Jesus fasted in the desert according to the New Testament and also to reflect on Christian values. As with many other Christian festivals such as Christmas which was originally a pagan midwinter festival, the Christian church has found it easier to turn the pagan Carnaval in a catholic tradition than to eliminate it.  Unlike today, carnival in the Middle Ages took not just a few days, but it covered almost the entire period between Christmas and the beginning of Lent. In those two months, several Catholic holidays were seized by the Catholic population as an outlet for their daily frustrations.

Q1: What was one of the festivals sanctioned by the church?
A1: corpus christi
Q2: Carnival was also a result of what area's folk culture?
A2: European
Q3: How many days is Jesus traditionally said to have fasted in the desert?
A3: 40
Q4: What pagan midwinter festival did the church find easier to subvert than eliminate?
A4: Christmas
Q5: Why were multiple holidays seized by the Catholic population?
A5: outlet for their daily frustrations
Comics (Language and literature)

While comics are often the work of a single creator, the labour of making them is frequently divided between a number of specialists. There may be separate writers and artists, and artists may specialize in parts of the artwork such as characters or backgrounds, as is common in Japan. Particularly in American superhero comic books, the art may be divided between a penciller, who lays out the artwork in pencil; an inker, who finishes the artwork in ink; a colourist; and a letterer, who adds the captions and speech balloons.

Q1: Though one person typically creates the comic, there are usually a number of what involved in actually designing it?
A1: specialists
Q2: What is a person called who does the initial pencil work for the artwork?
A2: penciller
Q3: What does an inker do?
A3: finishes the artwork in ink
Education (Philosophy and religion)

While considered "alternative" today, most alternative systems have existed since ancient times. After the public school system was widely developed beginning in the 19th century, some parents found reasons to be discontented with the new system. Alternative education developed in part as a reaction to perceived limitations and failings of traditional education. A broad range of educational approaches emerged, including alternative schools, self learning, homeschooling and unschooling. Example alternative schools include Montessori schools, Waldorf schools (or Steiner schools), Friends schools, Sands School, Summerhill School, The Peepal Grove School, Sudbury Valley School, Krishnamurti schools, and open classroom schools. Charter schools are another example of alternative education, which have in the recent years grown in numbers in the US and gained greater importance in its public education system.

Q1: What is another term used for Special Education Services?
A1: alternative
Q2: When were public schools become more and more developed?
A2: 19th century
Q3: What are some examples of alternative schools?
A3: Montessori schools, Waldorf schools (or Steiner schools), Friends schools
John_von_Neumann (Mathematics)

While consulting for the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania on the EDVAC project, von Neumann wrote an incomplete First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC. The paper, whose premature distribution nullified the patent claims of EDVAC designers J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, described a computer architecture in which the data and the program are both stored in the computer's memory in the same address space. This architecture is to this day the basis of modern computer design, unlike the earliest computers that were "programmed" using a separate memory device such as a paper tape or plugboard. Although the single-memory, stored program architecture is commonly called von Neumann architecture as a result of von Neumann's paper, the architecture's description was based on the work of J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly, inventors of the ENIAC computer at the University of Pennsylvania.

Q1: What nullified patent claims of EDVAC designers?
A1: von Neumann wrote an incomplete First Draft of a Report
Q2: What was the significance of EDVAC?
A2: architecture is to this day the basis of modern computer design,
Q3: Where was ENIAC located?
A3: University of Pennsylvania
Professional_wrestling (Sports and recreation)

While each wrestling match is ostensibly a competition of athletics and strategy, the goal of each match from a business standpoint is to excite and entertain the audience. Although the competition is staged, dramatic emphasis can be utilized to draw out the most intense reaction from the audience. Heightened interest results in higher attendance rates, increased ticket sales, higher ratings on television broadcasts (which result in greater ad revenue), higher pay-per-view buyrates, and sales of branded merchandise and recorded video footage. All of these contribute to the profit of the promotion company.

Q1: What is the point of a match?
A1: to excite and entertain the audience
Q2: Higher attendance and more ticket sales can be the result of what?
A2: Heightened interest
Q3: Though the contest is staged, what can garner more interest from the crowd? 
A3: dramatic emphasis
Classical_music (Music)

While equal temperament became gradually accepted as the dominant musical temperament during the 18th century, different historical temperaments are often used for music from earlier periods. For instance, music of the English Renaissance is often performed in meantone temperament.

Q1: What type of temperament became accepted during the 18th century?
A1: equal temperament
Q2: When did equal temperament become accepted as the dominant musical temperament?
A2: the 18th century
Q3: What temperament is the English Renaissance performed in?
A3: meantone temperament
Appalachian_Mountains (Geography and places)

While exploring inland along the northern coast of Florida in 1528, the members of the Narváez expedition, including Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, found a Native American village near present-day Tallahassee, Florida whose name they transcribed as Apalchen or Apalachen [a.paˈla.tʃɛn]. The name was soon altered by the Spanish to Apalachee and used as a name for the tribe and region spreading well inland to the north. Pánfilo de Narváez's expedition first entered Apalachee territory on June 15, 1528, and applied the name. Now spelled "Appalachian," it is the fourth-oldest surviving European place-name in the US.

Q1: What area did the Narvaez expedition explore?
A1: northern coast of Florida
Q2: When did the Narvaez expedition explore Florida?
A2: 1528
Q3: What did they transcribe Florida's name as? 
A3: Apalchen
Q4: What was the name eventually used for?
A4: as a name for the tribe and region spreading well inland to the north