LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Macintosh (Engineering and technology)

Following the release of Intel-based Macs, third-party platform virtualization software such as Parallels Desktop, VMware Fusion, and VirtualBox began to emerge. These programs allow users to run Microsoft Windows or previously Windows-only software on Macs at near native speed. Apple also released Boot Camp and Mac-specific Windows drivers that help users to install Windows XP or Vista and natively dual boot between Mac OS X and Windows. Though not condoned by Apple, it is possible to run the Linux operating system using Boot camp or other virtualization workarounds. Unlike most PCs, however, Macs are unable to run many legacy PC operating systems. In particular, Intel-based macs lack the A20 gate.

Q1: What type of software began to emerge following the release of Intel-based Macs?
A1: third-party platform virtualization
Q2: At what speed do programs such as VirtualBox allow Microsoft Windows to run on Macs?
A2: at near native speed
Q3: What is possible to run by using Boot camp, even though it is not condoned by Apple?
A3: the Linux operating system
Q4: What do Macs lack that makes them unable to run many legacy PC operating systems?
A4: the A20 gate
Republic_of_the_Congo (Geography and places)

Following the revision of the French constitution that established the Fifth Republic in 1958, the AEF dissolved into its constituent parts, each of which became an autonomous colony within the French Community. During these reforms, Middle Congo became known as the Republic of the Congo in 1958 and published its first constitution in 1959. Antagonism between the pro-Opangault Mbochis and the pro-Youlou Balalis resulted in a series of riots in Brazzaville in February 1959, which the French Army subdued.

Q1: When was the Fifth Republic founded?
A1: 1958
Q2: What was disbanded in 1958?
A2: the AEF
Q3: In 1958, what did the Middle Congo change its name to?
A3: the Republic of the Congo
Q4: When did the Congo establish its first constitution?
A4: 1959
Muammar_Gaddafi (History)

Following the start of the Arab Spring in 2011, Gaddafi spoke out in favour of Tunisian President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, then threatened by the Tunisian Revolution. He suggested that Tunisia's people would be satisfied if Ben Ali introduced a Jamahiriyah system there. Fearing domestic protest, Libya's government implemented preventative measures, reducing food prices, purging the army leadership of potential defectors and releasing several Islamist prisoners. They proved ineffective, and on 17 February 2011, major protests broke out against Gaddafi's government. Unlike Tunisia or Egypt, Libya was largely religiously homogenous and had no strong Islamist movement, but there was widespread dissatisfaction with the corruption and entrenched systems of patronage, while unemployment had reached around 30%.

Q1: In what year did the so-called Arab Spring occur?
A1: 2011
Q2: Who was the president of Tunisia in 2011?
A2: Zine El Abidine Ben Ali
Q3: About what percentage of the Libyan population was unemployed in 2011?
A3: 30
Q4: On what date in 2011 did protests begin in Libya?
A4: 17 February
Q5: Along with corruption, what were Libyans upset with in 2011?
A5: patronage
Comics (Language and literature)

Following the success of Le Journal de Mickey (1934–44), dedicated comics magazines and full-colour comics albums became the primary outlet for comics in the mid-20th century. As in the US, at the time comics were seen as infantile and a threat to culture and literacy; commentators stated that "none bear up to the slightest serious analysis",[c] and that comics were "the sabotage of all art and all literature".[d]

Q1: In the United States in the middle of the 20th century comics were seen as a risk to culture and what?
A1: literacy
Q2: What was seen as "infantile" in the United States?
A2: comics
Q3: Comics were quoted as a sabotage of art and what?
A3: literature
American_Idol (Music)

Following the success of season one, the second season was moved up to air in January 2003. The number of episodes increased, as did the show's budget and the charge for commercial spots. Dunkleman left the show, leaving Seacrest as the lone host. Kristin Adams was a correspondent for this season.

Q1: What year did season two of American Idol first air?
A1: 2003
Q2: Who was a correspondent on season two of American Idol?
A2: Kristin Adams
Q3: When did season two air?
A3: January 2003
Q4: Who was a correspondent for season two?
A4: Kristin Adams
Arena_Football_League (Sports and recreation)

Following the successes of his trial-run games, Foster moved ahead with his idea for arena football. He founded the Arena Football League with four teams: the Pittsburgh Gladiators, Denver Dynamite, Washington Commandos, and Chicago Bruisers. Foster appointed legendary Darrel "Mouse" Davis, godfather of the "run and shoot" and modern pro offenses, as executive director of football operations. Davis hired the original coaches and was the architect of the league's original wide-open offensive playbooks.

Q1: How many teams did the Arena Football League originally have?
A1: four
Q2: Along with the Chicago Bruisers, Denver Dynamite and Pittsburgh Gladiators, what team was one of the original AFL teams?
A2: Washington Commandos
Q3: What was the title of Darrell Davis in the AFL?
A3: executive director of football operations
Q4: What was Darrell Davis' nickname?
A4: Mouse
Q5: Who was responsible for hiring the first coaches of the AFL teams?
A5: Davis
Arena_Football_League (Sports and recreation)

Following the suspension of the AFL's 2009 season, league officials and owners of af2 (which had played its season as scheduled) began discussing the future of arena football and the two leagues. With its 50.1 percent ownership of af2, the AFL's bankruptcy and dissolution prompted the dissolution of af2 as well. That league was formally considered disbanded on September 8, 2009, when no owner committed his or her team to the league's eleventh season by that deadline. For legal reasons, af2 league officials and owners agreed to form a new legal entity, Arena Football 1 (AF1), with former AFL teams the Arizona Rattlers and Orlando Predators joining the former af2.

Q1: What percent of af2 was owned by the AFL?
A1: 50.1
Q2: On what date was af2 regarded as disbanded?
A2: September 8, 2009
Q3: What legal entity was created by af2 league owners?
A3: Arena Football 1
Q4: Along with the Orlando Predators, what former Arena Football League team joined af2?
A4: Arizona Rattlers
Q5: What Arena Football League season was suspended?
A5: 2009
Windows_8 (Engineering and technology)

Following the unveiling of Windows 8, Microsoft faced criticism (particularly from free software supporters) for mandating that devices receiving its optional certification for Windows 8 have secure boot enabled by default using a key provided by Microsoft. Concerns were raised that secure boot could prevent or hinder the use of alternate operating systems such as Linux. In a post discussing secure boot on the Building Windows 8 blog, Microsoft developer Tony Mangefeste indicated that vendors would provide means to customize secure boot, stating that "At the end of the day, the customer is in control of their PC. Microsoft's philosophy is to provide customers with the best experience first, and allow them to make decisions themselves." Microsoft's certification guidelines for Windows 8 ultimately revealed that vendors would be required to provide means for users to re-configure or disable secure boot in their device's UEFI firmware. It also revealed that ARM devices (Windows RT) would be required to have secure boot permanently enabled, with no way for users to disable it. However, Tom Warren of The Verge noted that other vendors have implemented similar hardware restrictions on their own ARM-based tablet and smartphone products (including those running Microsoft's own Windows Phone platform), but still argued that Microsoft should "keep a consistent approach across ARM and x86, though, not least because of the number of users who'd love to run Android alongside Windows 8 on their future tablets." No mandate is made regarding the installation of third-party certificates that would enable running alternative programs.

Q1: Who is Tony Mangefeste?
A1: Microsoft developer
Q2: What ideology does Microsoft follow?
A2: to provide customers with the best experience first, and allow them to make decisions themselves
Q3: Who condemned Microsoft for requiring devices to have secure boot enabled by default?
A3: free software supporters
Q4: What resolution did Microsoft come to in their certificiation guidelines?
A4: vendors would be required to provide means for users to re-configure or disable secure boot
Airport (Engineering and technology)

Following the war, some of these military airfields added civil facilities for handling passenger traffic. One of the earliest such fields was Paris – Le Bourget Airport at Le Bourget, near Paris. The first airport to operate scheduled international commercial services was Hounslow Heath Aerodrome in August 1919, but it was closed and supplanted by Croydon Airport in March 1920. In 1922, the first permanent airport and commercial terminal solely for commercial aviation was opened at Flughafen Devau near what was then Königsberg, East Prussia. The airports of this era used a paved "apron", which permitted night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft.

Q1: Following the war, why did some military airfields add civil facilities?
A1: for handling passenger traffic
Q2: Which airport near Paris was one of the first to add civil facilities for handling passenger traffic?
A2: Le Bourget Airport
Q3: What was the first airport to operate scheduled international commercial services?
A3: Hounslow Heath Aerodrome
Q4: When did the Hounslow Heath Aerodrome begin to operate scheduled international commercial services?
A4: August 1919
Q5: What did airports use to permit night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft?
A5: a paved "apron"
United_States_Army (History)

Following their basic and advanced training at the individual-level, soldiers may choose to continue their training and apply for an "additional skill identifier" (ASI). The ASI allows the army to take a wide ranging MOS and focus it into a more specific MOS. For example, a combat medic, whose duties are to provide pre-hospital emergency treatment, may receive ASI training to become a cardiovascular specialist, a dialysis specialist, or even a licensed practical nurse. For commissioned officers, ASI training includes pre-commissioning training either at USMA, or via ROTC, or by completing OCS. After commissioning, officers undergo branch specific training at the Basic Officer Leaders Course, (formerly called Officer Basic Course), which varies in time and location according their future assignments. Further career development is available through the Army Correspondence Course Program.

Q1: What does ASI stand for?
A1: additional skill identifier
Q2: What is are combat medics duties?
A2: provide pre-hospital emergency treatment
Q3: Where do the officers go to complete their branch specific training?
A3: Basic Officer Leaders Course
Q4: If the officers want to advance their careers even further, where is that available?
A4: Army Correspondence Course Program
Elizabeth_II (History)

Following their wedding, the couple leased Windlesham Moor, near Windsor Castle, until 4 July 1949, when they took up residence at Clarence House in London. At various times between 1949 and 1951, the Duke of Edinburgh was stationed in the British Crown Colony of Malta as a serving Royal Navy officer. He and Elizabeth lived intermittently, for several months at a time, in the hamlet of Gwardamanġa, at Villa Guardamangia, the rented home of Philip's uncle, Lord Mountbatten. The children remained in Britain.

Q1: Where did the newly married Elizabeth and Philip stay until 1949?
A1: Windlesham Moor
Q2: After 1949 where did Elizabeth live in London?
A2: Clarence House
Q3: In which armed force was the Duke of Edinburgh?
A3: Royal Navy
Q4: Where was Philip stationed during WWII?
A4: British Crown Colony of Malta
Q5: In whose home did Elizabeth and Philip stay in Malta?
A5: Lord Mountbatten
Umayyad_Caliphate (History)

Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari. Seven months later, in February 658, the two arbitrators met at Adhruh, about 10 miles north west of Maan in Jordon. Amr ibn al-As convinced Abu Musa Ashaari that both Ali and Muawiyah should step down and a new Caliph be elected. Ali and his supporters were stunned by the decision which had lowered the Caliph to the status of the rebellious Muawiyah I. Ali was therefore outwitted by Muawiyah and Amr. Ali refused to accept the verdict and found himself technically in breach of his pledge to abide by the arbitration. This put Ali in a weak position even amongst his own supporters. The most vociferous opponents in Ali's camp were the very same people who had forced Ali into the ceasefire. They broke away from Ali's force, rallying under the slogan, "arbitration belongs to God alone." This group came to be known as the Kharijites ("those who leave"). In 659 Ali's forces and the Kharijites met in the Battle of Nahrawan. Although Ali won the battle, the constant conflict had begun to affect his standing, and in the following years some Syrians seem to have acclaimed Muawiyah as a rival caliph.

Q1: Where did Muawiyah fight Ali?
A1: Battle of Siffin
Q2: Who was appointed arbitrator by Ali?
A2: Abu Musa Ashaari
Q3: In what battle did Ali fight the Kharjites?
A3: Battle of Nahrawan
Q4: What did the term Kharjites mean?
A4: those who leave
Roman_Republic (History)

Following various military conquests in the Greek East, Romans adapted a number of Greek educational precepts to their own fledgling system. They began physical training to prepare the boys to grow as Roman citizens and for eventual recruitment into the army. Conforming to discipline was a point of great emphasis. Girls generally received instruction from their mothers in the art of spinning, weaving, and sewing. Schooling in a more formal sense was begun around 200 BC. Education began at the age of around six, and in the next six to seven years, boys and girls were expected to learn the basics of reading, writing and counting. By the age of twelve, they would be learning Latin, Greek, grammar and literature, followed by training for public speaking. Oratory was an art to be practiced and learnt, and good orators commanded respect.[citation needed]

Q1: How did Romans develop their male children as Roman citizens?
A1: physical training
Q2: Who could be expected to obtain guidance in the art of weaving?
A2: Girls
Q3: What Roman art involved speeches made to the public?
A3: Oratory
Q4: When did academic schooling begin in the Roman Republic?
A4: around 200 BC
Q5: What caused the Romans to conform several educational concepts to their own system?
A5: various military conquests in the Greek East
Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas (History)

Following years of mistreatment, the Taínos began to adopt suicidal behaviors, with women aborting or killing their infants and men jumping from the cliffs or ingesting untreated cassava, a violent poison. Eventually, a Taíno Cacique named Enriquillo managed to hold out in the Baoruco Mountain Range for thirteen years, causing serious damage to the Spanish, Carib-held plantations and their Indian auxiliaries. Hearing of the seriousness of the revolt, Emperor Charles V (also King of Spain) sent captain Francisco Barrionuevo to negotiate a peace treaty with the ever-increasing number of rebels. Two months later, after consultation with the Audencia of Santo Domingo, Enriquillo was offered any part of the island to live in peace.

Q1: What behaviors did the Taínos begin to adopt after years of mistreatment?
A1: suicidal
Q2: What did Taínos women start doing to their infants?
A2: aborting or killing
Q3: Why would ingesting untreated cassava be a bad idea?
A3: violent poison
Q4: How many years was a Taínos Cacique able to hold ou in the Baoruco Mountain Range?
A4: thirteen
Q5: Who was sent to negotiate a peace treaty with the rebels?
A5: Francisco Barrionuevo
Alps (Geography and places)

Food is passed from the kitchen to the stube, where the dining room table is placed. Some meals are communal, such as fondue, where a pot is set in the middle of the table for each person to dip into. Other meals are still served in a traditional manner on carved wooden plates. Furniture has been traditionally elaborately carved and in many Alpine countries carpentry skills are passed from generation to generation.

Q1: The food is passed from the kitchen to where? 
A1: the stube
Q2: Where is the dining room table placed? 
A2: the stube
Q3: Traditionally, what are meals served on? 
A3: carved wooden plates
Q4: How is furniture traditionally carved? 
A4: elaborately
Labour_Party_(UK) (Geography and places)

Foot resigned and was replaced as leader by Neil Kinnock, with Roy Hattersley as his deputy. The new leadership progressively dropped unpopular policies. The miners strike of 1984–85 over coal mine closures, for which miners' leader Arthur Scargill was blamed, and the Wapping dispute led to clashes with the left of the party, and negative coverage in most of the press. Tabloid vilification of the so-called loony left continued to taint the parliamentary party by association from the activities of 'extra-parliamentary' militants in local government.

Q1: Who was Foot replaced by?
A1: Neil Kinnock
Q2: Who was Neil Knnocks deputy?
A2: Roy Hattersley
Q3: What years were the miners strike?
A3: 1984–85
Q4: What was the name of the miner's leader that was blamed for the strike?
A4: Arthur Scargill
Kathmandu (Geography and places)

Football and Cricket are the most popular sports among the younger generation in Nepal and there are several stadiums in the city. The sport is governed by the All Nepal Football Association (ANFA) from its headquarters in Kathmandu. The only international football stadium in the city is the Dasarath Rangasala Stadium, a multi-purpose stadium used mostly for football matches and cultural events, located in the neighborhood of Tripureshwor. It is the largest stadium in Nepal with a capacity of 25,000 spectators, built in 1956. Martyr's Memorial League is also held in this ground every year. The stadium was renovated with Chinese help before the 8th South Asian Games were held in Kathmandu and had floodlights installed. Kathmandu is home to the oldest football clubs of Nepal such as RCT, Sankata and NRT. Other prominent clubs include MMC, Machhindra FC, Tribhuwan Army Club (TAC) and MPC.

Q1: Along with cricket, what sport is highly popular among Nepali youth?
A1: Football
Q2: What body oversees soccer in Nepal?
A2: All Nepal Football Association
Q3: How many people can fit in Dasarath Rangasala Stadium?
A3: 25,000
Q4: In what part of Kathmandu is Dasarath Rangasala Stadium located?
A4: Tripureshwor
Q5: Who assisted Nepal in renovating Dasarath Rangasala Stadium?
A5: Chinese
Eritrea (Natural sciences)

Football and cycling are the most popular sports in Eritrea. In recent years, Eritrean athletes have also seen increasing success in the international arena. Zersenay Tadese, an Eritrean athlete, currently holds the world record in half marathon distance running. The Tour of Eritrea, a multi-stage international cycling event, is held annually throughout the country. The Eritrea national cycling team has experienced a lot of success, winning the continental cycling championship several years in a row. Six Eritrean riders have been signed to international cycling teams, including Natnael Berhane and Daniel Teklehaimanot. Berhane was named African Sportsman of the Year in 2013, ahead of footballers Yaya Touré and Didier Drogba, while Teklehaimanot became the first Eritrean to ride the Vuelta a España in 2012. In 2015 Teklehaimanot won the King of the Mountains classification in the Critérium du Dauphine. Teklehaimanot and fellow Eritrean Merhawi Kudus became the first black African riders to compete in the Tour de France when they were selected by the MTN–Qhubeka team for the 2015 edition of the race, where, on 9 July, Teklehaimanot became the first African rider to wear the polkadot jersey.

Q1: What are the most popular sports in Eritrea?
A1: Football and cycling
Q2: What world record is held by Eritrean athlete Zersenay Tadese?
A2: half marathon distance running
Q3: What is the name of the multi-stage international cycling event held throughout Eritrea?
A3: Tour of Eritrea
Q4: Who became the first black African riders to compete in the Tour de France?
A4: Teklehaimanot and fellow Eritrean Merhawi Kudus
Q5: Who became the first Eritrean to ride the Vuelta a Espana in 2012?
A5: Daniel Teklehaimanot
University_of_Notre_Dame (Geography and places)

Football gameday traditions During home games, activities occur all around campus and different dorms decorate their halls with a traditional item (e.g. Zahm House's two-story banner). Traditional activities begin at the stroke of midnight with the Drummers' Circle. This tradition involves the drum line of the Band of the Fighting Irish and ushers in the rest of the festivities that will continue the rest of the gameday Saturday. Later that day, the trumpet section will play the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater under the dome. The band entire will play a concert at the steps of Bond Hall, from where they will march into Notre Dame Stadium, leading fans and students alike across campus to the game.

Q1: What is displayed at Zahm House for football home games at Notre Dame?
A1: two-story banner
Q2: What occurs at midnight preceding a football home game at Notre Dame?
A2: the Drummers' Circle
Q3: From where does the Band of the Fighting Irish lead a march to the Notre Dame Stadium for football home games?
A3: the steps of Bond Hall
Q4: What songs does the trumpet section of the Band of the Fighting Irish play preceding home football games?
A4: the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater
Q5: On what day do Notre Dame home football games occur?
A5: Saturday
Armenia (History)

Football is also popular in Armenia. The most successful team was the FC Ararat Yerevan team of the 1970s who won the Soviet Cup in 1973 and 1975 and the Soviet Top League in 1973. The latter achievement saw FC Ararat gain entry to the European Cup where – despite a home victory in the second leg – they lost on aggregate at the quarter final stage to eventual winner FC Bayern Munich. Armenia competed internationally as part of the USSR national football team until the Armenian national football team was formed in 1992 after the split of the Soviet Union. Armenia have never qualified for a major tournament although recent improvements saw the team to achieve 44th position in the FIFA World Rankings in September 2011. The national team is controlled by the Football Federation of Armenia. The Armenian Premier League is the highest level football competition in Armenia, and has been dominated by FC Pyunik in recent seasons. The league currently consists of eight teams and relegates to the Armenian First League.

Q1: What team won the Soviet football Cup in 1973 and 1975?
A1: FC Ararat Yerevan team
Q2: Which team did the FC Ararat lose to in the European Cup?
A2: FC Bayern Munich
Q3: What FIFA ranking did Armenia hold in 2011?
A3: 44th
Q4: How many teams does the Armenian Premier League have?
A4: eight teams