LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Sichuan (History)

Sichuan came under the firm control of a Chinese central government during the Sui dynasty, but it was during the subsequent Tang dynasty where Sichuan regained its previous political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han. Chengdu became nationally known as a supplier of armies and the home of Du Fu, who is sometimes called China's greatest poet. During the An Lushan Rebellion (755-763), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled from Chang'an to Sichuan. The region was torn by constant warfare and economic distress as it was besieged by the Tibetan Empire.

Q1: During which dynasty did Sichuan regain its political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han?
A1: Tang dynasty
Q2: Who was known as China's greatest poet and lived in Chengdu?
A2: Du Fu
Q3: What was Chengu known to supply the country with?
A3: armies
Q4: Which years saw the An Lushan Rebellion?
A4: 755-763
Q5: Which empire ravished the Chengdu region with constant warfare and economic distress?
A5: the Tibetan Empire
Sichuan (History)

Sichuan consists of two geographically very distinct parts. The eastern part of the province is mostly within the fertile Sichuan basin (which is shared by Sichuan with Chongqing Municipality). The western Sichuan consists of the numerous mountain ranges forming the easternmost part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which are known generically as Hengduan Mountains. One of these ranges, Daxue Mountains, contains the highest point of the province Gongga Shan, at 7,556 metres (24,790 ft) above sea level.

Q1: How many distinct parts make up Sichuan?
A1: two
Q2: What makes up majority of the eastern Sichuan province?
A2: Sichuan basin
Q3: Western Sichuan is delineated by what mountain range?
A3: Hengduan Mountains
Q4: Which mountain range contains the highest point in the Gongga Shan province?
A4: Daxue Mountains
Q5: How many feet above sea level is the highest point of the Saxue Mountains?
A5: 24,790 ft
Sichuan (History)

Sichuan has been historically known as the "Province of Abundance". It is one of the major agricultural production bases of China. Grain, including rice and wheat, is the major product with output that ranked first in China in 1999. Commercial crops include citrus fruits, sugar cane, sweet potatoes, peaches and grapes. Sichuan also had the largest output of pork among all the provinces and the second largest output of silkworm cocoons in 1999. Sichuan is rich in mineral resources. It has more than 132 kinds of proven underground mineral resources including vanadium, titanium, and lithium being the largest in China. The Panxi region alone possesses 13.3% of the reserves of iron, 93% of titanium, 69% of vanadium, and 83% of the cobalt of the whole country. Sichuan also possesses China's largest proven natural gas reserves, the majority of which is transported to more developed eastern regions.

Q1: What area for the "Province of Abundance" refer to?
A1: Sichuan
Q2: What are the major agricultural outputs of Sichuan?
A2: rice and wheat
Q3: What kind of meat is Sichuan known to produce in abundance?
A3: pork
Q4: How much of China's titanium is houses in Sichuan?
A4: 93%
Q5: What is often done with Sichuan's natural gas reserves?
A5: transported to more developed eastern regions
Sichuan (History)

Sichuan is one of the major industrial centers of China. In addition to heavy industries such as coal, energy, iron and steel, the province has also established a light industrial sector comprising building materials, wood processing, food and silk processing. Chengdu and Mianyang are the production centers for textiles and electronics products. Deyang, Panzhihua, and Yibin are the production centers for machinery, metallurgical industries, and wine, respectively. Sichuan's wine production accounted for 21.9% of the country’s total production in 2000.

Q1: What are some major industrial outputs of Sichuan?
A1: coal, energy, iron and steel
Q2: What areas are major areas of production for textiles and electronics?
A2: Chengdu and Mianyang
Q3: How much of China's wine did Sichuan produce in 2000?
A3: 21.9%
Q4: Which city in Sichuan is known for its machinery production?
A4: Deyang
Q5: Which city in Sichuan is known for its metallurgical industries?
A5: Panzhihua
Sichuan (History)

Sichuan was China's most populous province before Chongqing became a directly-controlled municipality; it is currently the fourth most populous, after Guangdong, Shandong and Henan. As of 1832, Sichuan was the most populous of the 18 provinces in China, with an estimated population at that time of 21 million. It was the third most populous sub-national entity in the world, after Uttar Pradesh, India and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic until 1991, when the Soviet Union was dissolved. It is also one of the only six to ever reach 100 million people (Uttar Pradesh, Russian RSFSR, Maharashtra, Sichuan, Bihar and Punjab). It is currently 10th.

Q1: What are the three most populist provinces in China?
A1: Guangdong, Shandong and Henan
Q2: What was the population of Sichuan in 1832?
A2: 21 million
Q3: What is the tenth most populous sub-national entity in the world?
A3: Sichuan
Q4: How many sub-national entities have surpassed 100 million people in total?
A4: six
Q5: In what year was the Soviet Union disbanded?
A5: 1991
Palermo (Unknown)

Sicily fell under the control of the Holy Roman Empire in 1194. Palermo was the preferred city of the Emperor Frederick II. Muslims of Palermo emigrated or were expelled during Holy Roman rule. After an interval of Angevin rule (1266–1282), Sicily came under control of the Aragon and Barcelona dynasties. By 1330, Palermo's population had declined to 51,000. From 1479 until 1713 Palermo was ruled by the Kingdom of Spain, and again between 1717 and 1718. Palermo was also under Savoy control between 1713 and 1717 and 1718–1720 as a result of the Treaty of Utrecht. It was also ruled by Austria between 1720 and 1734.

Q1: What year did Sicily become ruled by the Holy Roman Empire?
A1: 1194
Q2: What happened to Muslims during Holy Roman rule?
A2: emigrated or were expelled
Q3: What was Palermos population in 1330?
A3: 51,000
Q4: During what years did Austria rule Palermo?
A4: 1720 and 1734
St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador (Geography and places)

Signal Hill is a hill which overlooks the city of St. John's. It is the location of Cabot Tower which was built in 1897 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of John Cabot's discovery of Newfoundland, and Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. The first transatlantic wireless transmission was received here by Guglielmo Marconi on 12 December 1901. Today, Signal Hill is a National Historic Site of Canada and remains incredibly popular amongst tourists and locals alike; 97% of all tourists to St. John's visit Signal Hill. Amongst its popular attractions are the Signal Hill Tattoo, showcasing the Royal Newfoundland Regiment of foot, c. 1795, and the North Head Trail which grants an impressive view of the Atlantic Ocean and the surrounding coast.

Q1: What city does Signal Hill overlook?
A1: St. John's
Q2: Where exactly is Cabot Tower located in St. John' ?
A2: Signal Hill
Q3: What year was Cabot Tower built?
A3: 1897
Q4: In what year was Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee?
A4: 1897
Q5:  Who recieved the first transatlantic wireless transmission?
A5: Guglielmo Marconi
Russian_language (Language and literature)

Significant Russian-speaking groups also exist in Western Europe. These have been fed by several waves of immigrants since the beginning of the 20th century, each with its own flavor of language. The United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Belgium, Greece, Brazil, Norway, and Austria have significant Russian-speaking communities. According to the 2011 Census of Ireland, there were 21,639 people in the nation who use Russian as a home language. However, of this only 13% were Russian nationals. 20% held Irish citizenship, while 27% and 14% were holding the passports of Latvia and Lithuania respectively.

Q1: In which European countries do many Russian immigrants live?
A1: The United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Belgium, Greece, Brazil, Norway, and Austria
Q2: How many people in Ireland speak Russian?
A2: 21,639
Q3: How much of Ireland's Russian speakers are Russian citizens?
A3: 13%
Q4: How much of Ireland's Russian speakers are Irish citizens?
A4: 20%
Q5: How much of Ireland's Russian speakers are Latvian citizens?
A5: 27%
Southampton (Geography and places)

Significant employers in Southampton include The University of Southampton, Southampton Solent University, Southampton Airport, Ordnance Survey, BBC South, the NHS, ABP and Carnival UK. Southampton is noted for its association with the RMS Titanic, the Spitfire and more generally in the World War II narrative as one of the departure points for D-Day, and more recently as the home port of a number of the largest cruise ships in the world. Southampton has a large shopping centre and retail park called WestQuay. In October 2014, the City Council approved a follow-up from the WestQuay park, called WestQuay Watermark. Construction by Sir Robert McAlpine commenced in January 2015. Hammerson, the owners of the retail park, aim to have at least 1,550 people employed on its premises at year-end 2016.

Q1: What is the big retail shopping center in Southampton called?
A1: WestQuay
Q2: In what month of 2014 did Southampton's City Council give the go-ahead for WestQuay Watermark?
A2: October
Q3: What war is Southampton often associated with?
A3: World War II
Q4: What company owns WestQuay Watermark?
A4: Hammerson
Q5: By the end of 2016, how many people are projected to be working onsite at WestQuay Watermark?
A5: 1,550
Szlachta (History)

Significant legislative changes in the status of the szlachta, as defined by Robert Bideleux and Ian Jeffries, consist of its 1374 exemption from the land tax, a 1425 guarantee against the 'arbitrary arrests and/or seizure of property' of its members, a 1454 requirement that military forces and new taxes be approved by provincial Sejms, and statutes issued between 1496 and 1611 that prescribed the rights of commoners.

Q1: Who defined the significant legislative changes?
A1: Robert Bideleux and Ian Jeffries
Q2: What is one exemption was part of the significant changes in legislation?
A2: 1374 exemption from the land tax,
Q3: What did the 1425 requirement entail? 
A3: requirement that military forces and new taxes be approved by provincial Sejms
Q4: What were the statutes issued between 1496 and 1611 prescribed from?
A4: rights of commoners
Kathmandu (Geography and places)

Sikhism is practiced primarily in Gurudwara at Kupundole. An earlier temple of Sikhism is also present in Kathmandu which is now defunct. Jainism is practiced by a small community. A Jain temple is present in Gyaneshwar, where Jains practice their faith. According to the records of the Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of Nepal, there are approximately 300 Baha'is in Kathmandu valley. They have a National Office located in Shantinagar, Baneshwor. The Baha'is also have classes for children at the National Centre and other localities in Kathmandu. Islam is practised in Kathmandu but Muslims are a minority, accounting for about 4.2% of the population of Nepal.[citation needed] It is said that in Kathmandu alone there are 170 Christian churches. Christian missionary hospitals, welfare organizations, and schools are also operating. Nepali citizens who served as soldiers in Indian and British armies, who had converted to Christianity while in service, on return to Nepal continue to practice their religion. They have contributed to the spread of Christianity and the building of churches in Nepal and in Kathmandu, in particular.

Q1: Where can a temple of the Jain faith be found?
A1: Gyaneshwar
Q2: Kathmandu valley is home to about how many Baha'i?
A2: 300
Q3: Where is the Baha'i national office located in Nepal?
A3: Shantinagar, Baneshwor
Q4: About what percentage of the Nepali population follows Islam?
A4: 4.2
Q5: About how many Christian houses of worship exist in Kathmandu?
A5: 170
New_York_City (Geography and places)

Silicon Alley, centered in Manhattan, has evolved into a metonym for the sphere encompassing the New York City metropolitan region's high technology industries involving the Internet, new media, telecommunications, digital media, software development, biotechnology, game design, financial technology ("fintech"), and other fields within information technology that are supported by its entrepreneurship ecosystem and venture capital investments. In the first half of 2015, Silicon Alley generated over US$3.7 billion in venture capital investment across a broad spectrum of high technology enterprises, most based in Manhattan, with others in Brooklyn, Queens, and elsewhere in the region. High technology startup companies and employment are growing in New York City and the region, bolstered by the city's position in North America as the leading Internet hub and telecommunications center, including its vicinity to several transatlantic fiber optic trunk lines, New York's intellectual capital, and its extensive outdoor wireless connectivity. Verizon Communications, headquartered at 140 West Street in Lower Manhattan, was at the final stages in 2014 of completing a US$3 billion fiberoptic telecommunications upgrade throughout New York City. As of 2014, New York City hosted 300,000 employees in the tech sector.

Q1: In what borough is Silicon Alley located?
A1: Manhattan
Q2: What is the street address of the headquarters of Verizon Communciations?
A2: 140 West Street
Q3: How much did Verizon spend on fiber optic upgrades in New York City?
A3: US$3 billion
Q4: Approximately how many tech sector jobs are in New York City?
A4: 300,000
Q5: The technology sector of work in NYC has how many employees in its service?
A5: 300,000
Zinc (Unknown)

Similar alloys with the addition of a small amount of lead can be cold-rolled into sheets. An alloy of 96% zinc and 4% aluminium is used to make stamping dies for low production run applications for which ferrous metal dies would be too expensive. In building facades, roofs or other applications in which zinc is used as sheet metal and for methods such as deep drawing, roll forming or bending, zinc alloys with titanium and copper are used. Unalloyed zinc is too brittle for these kinds of manufacturing processes.

Q1: What can be done when small amounts of lead are added to alloys?
A1: cold-rolled into sheets
Q2: What is made with an alloy of 4% aluminium mixed with 96% zinc?
A2: stamping dies
Q3: Why are alloys used to make stamping dies rather than metal?
A3: too expensive
Q4: Why isn't unalloyed zinc used in construction applications?
A4: too brittle
Letter_case (Language and literature)

Similar developments have taken place in other alphabets. The lower-case script for the Greek alphabet has its origins in the 7th century and acquired its quadrilinear form in the 8th century. Over time, uncial letter forms were increasingly mixed into the script. The earliest dated Greek lower-case text is the Uspenski Gospels (MS 461) in the year 835.[citation needed] The modern practice of capitalising the first letter of every sentence seems to be imported (and is rarely used when printing Ancient Greek materials even today).

Q1: Which century did the lower-case script for the Greek Alphabet originate?
A1: 7th
Q2: Which century did the Greek alphabet acquire its quadrilinear form?
A2: 8th
Q3: Overtime which type of letter forms were mixed increasingly into the Greek language script?
A3: uncial
Q4: Which year is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text?
A4: 835
Q5: In which literature is the earliest dated Greek lower-case text?
A5: Uspenski Gospels
Dialect (Language and literature)

Similar examples abound. Macedonian, although mutually intelligible with Bulgarian, certain dialects of Serbian and to a lesser extent the rest of the South Slavic dialect continuum, is considered by Bulgarian linguists to be a Bulgarian dialect, in contrast with the contemporary international view and the view in the Republic of Macedonia, which regards it as a language in its own right. Nevertheless, before the establishment of a literary standard of Macedonian in 1944, in most sources in and out of Bulgaria before the Second World War, the southern Slavonic dialect continuum covering the area of today's Republic of Macedonia were referred to as Bulgarian dialects.

Q1: Along with Serbian, with what language is Macedonian mutually intelligible?
A1: Bulgarian
Q2: What dialect continuum does Macedonian belong to?
A2: South Slavic
Q3: What do Bulgarian linguists regard the Macedonian language as?
A3: a Bulgarian dialect
Q4: In what year was a Macedonian literary standard established?
A4: 1944
Q5: In what country is Macedonian most commonly spoken?
A5: Republic of Macedonia
Anthropology (Social sciences and society)

Similar organizations in other countries followed: The American Anthropological Association in 1902, the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865), the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870), the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871), and many others subsequently. The majority of these were evolutionist. One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation.

Q1: When was the American Anthropological Association founded?
A1: 1902
Q2: When did Madrid get it's own anthropological society?
A2: 1865
Q3: Vienna created it's society in what year?
A3: 1870
Q4: When was the Berlin Society of Anthropology founded by Rudolph Virchow?
A4: 1869
Q5: What did Virchow feel Darwin's conclusions lacked?
A5: empirical foundation
LaserDisc (Engineering and technology)

Similar to the CD versus LP sound quality debates common in the audiophile community, some videophiles argue that LaserDisc maintains a "smoother", more "film-like", natural image while DVD still looks slightly more artificial. Early DVD demo discs often had compression or encoding problems, lending additional support to such claims at the time. However, the video signal-to-noise ratio and bandwidth of LaserDisc are substantially less than that of DVDs, making DVDs appear sharper and clearer to most viewers.

Q1: Which format is considered to look most realistic, LaserDisc or DVD?
A1: LaserDisc
Q2: Which format, LaserDisc or DVD, is said to appear sharper and clearer to most viewers?
A2: DVDs
Q3: What features do LaserDiscs lack in, causing DVDs to appear sharper and clearer?
A3: video signal-to-noise ratio and bandwidth
Portugal (Geography and places)

Similar to the other Eur-A countries, most Portuguese die from noncommunicable diseases. Mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is higher than in the eurozone, but its two main components, ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease, display inverse trends compared with the Eur-A, with cerebrovascular disease being the single biggest killer in Portugal (17%). Portuguese people die 12% less often from cancer than in the Eur-A, but mortality is not declining as rapidly as in the Eur-A. Cancer is more frequent among children as well as among women younger than 44 years. Although lung cancer (slowly increasing among women) and breast cancer (decreasing rapidly) are scarcer, cancer of the cervix and the prostate are more frequent. Portugal has the highest mortality rate for diabetes in the Eur-A, with a sharp increase since the 1980s.

Q1: What do most Portuguese people die from?
A1: noncommunicable diseases
Q2: What are the two main components of cardiovascular disease?
A2: ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease
Q3: What is the biggest killer in Portugal?
A3: cerebrovascular disease
Q4: What percentage of Portuguese people die less often from cancer than in the Eur-A?
A4: 12%
Q5: Who is cancer more common among in Portugal?
A5: children as well as among women younger than 44 years
Comics (Language and literature)

Similar to the problems of defining literature and film, no consensus has been reached on a definition of the comics medium, and attempted definitions and descriptions have fallen prey to numerous exceptions. Theorists such as Töpffer, R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner, David Carrier, Alain Rey, and Lawrence Grove emphasize the combination of text and images, though there are prominent examples of pantomime comics throughout its history. Other critics, such as Thierry Groensteen and Scott McCloud, have emphasized the primacy of sequences of images. Towards the close of the 20th century, different cultures' discoveries of each other's comics traditions, the rediscovery of forgotten early comics forms, and the rise of new forms made defining comics a more complicated task.

Q1: What has not been reached as far as defining comics is concerned?
A1: consensus
Q2: R. C. Harvey, Will Eisner and others are considered to be comic what?
A2: Theorists
Q3: What are there prominent examples of in comic history?
A3: pantomime comics
Q4: Comic critics, such as McCloud, stressed that sequences of what should be primary?
A4: images
Q5: What century had forgotten comic forms rediscovered?
A5: 20th
Education (Philosophy and religion)

Similarities — in systems or even in ideas — that schools share internationally have led to an increase in international student exchanges. The European Socrates-Erasmus Program facilitates exchanges across European universities. The Soros Foundation provides many opportunities for students from central Asia and eastern Europe. Programs such as the International Baccalaureate have contributed to the internationalization of education. The global campus online, led by American universities, allows free access to class materials and lecture files recorded during the actual classes.

Q1: What has come from similarities in systems?
A1: increase in international student exchanges
Q2: Which programfacilitates the exchange students across Europe?
A2: The European Socrates-Erasmus Program
Q3: Which group provides opportunities for Eastern Europe and Asia exchange students?
A3: The Soros Foundation
Race_(human_categorization) (Natural sciences)

Similarly, forensic anthropologists draw on highly heritable morphological features of human remains (e.g. cranial measurements) to aid in the identification of the body, including in terms of race. In a 1992 article, anthropologist Norman Sauer noted that anthropologists had generally abandoned the concept of race as a valid representation of human biological diversity, except for forensic anthropologists. He asked, "If races don't exist, why are forensic anthropologists so good at identifying them?" He concluded:

Q1: What morphological features do forensic anthropologists draw on?
A1: highly heritable
Q2: What measurement can aid in the identification of a human body?
A2: cranial
Q3: Who noted in a 1992 article that anthropologists had generally abandoned the concept of race as valid?
A3: Norman Sauer
Q4: What group still uses race as a valid means to represent human biological diversity?
A4: forensic anthropologists
Q5: What are forensic anthropologists very good at identifying?
A5: races