LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Charleston,_South_Carolina (Geography and places)

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2), of which 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2) is land and 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2) is covered by water. The old city is located on a peninsula at the point where, as Charlestonians say, "The Ashley and the Cooper Rivers come together to form the Atlantic Ocean." The entire peninsula is very low, some is landfill material, and as such, frequently floods during heavy rains, storm surges, and unusually high tides. The city limits have expanded across the Ashley River from the peninsula, encompassing the majority of West Ashley as well as James Island and some of Johns Island. The city limits also have expanded across the Cooper River, encompassing Daniel Island and the Cainhoy area. North Charleston blocks any expansion up the peninsula, and Mount Pleasant occupies the land directly east of the Cooper River.

Q1: How large is Charleston, South Carolina?
A1: 127.5 square miles (330.2 km2)
Q2: Which city blocks Charleston for expanding up the peninsula? 
A2: North Charleston
Q3: How much of Charleston is covered by water?
A3: 18.5 square miles (47.9 km2)
Q4: How of Charleston's total area is dry land?
A4: 109.0 square miles (282.2 km2)
Q5: What town occupies the land directly east of the Cooper River?
A5: Mount Pleasant
Ann_Arbor,_Michigan (History)

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 28.70 square miles (74.33 km2), of which, 27.83 square miles (72.08 km2) of it is land and 0.87 square miles (2.25 km2) is water, much of which is part of the Huron River. Ann Arbor is about 35 miles (56 km) west of Detroit. Ann Arbor Charter Township adjoins the city's north and east sides. Ann Arbor is situated on the Huron River in a productive agricultural and fruit-growing region. The landscape of Ann Arbor consists of hills and valleys, with the terrain becoming steeper near the Huron River. The elevation ranges from about 750 feet (230 m) along the Huron River to 1,015 feet (309 m) on the city's west side, near the intersection of Maple Road and Pauline Blvd. Generally, the west-central and northwestern parts of the city and U-M's North Campus are the highest parts of the city; the lowest parts are along the Huron River and in the southeast. Ann Arbor Municipal Airport, which is south of the city at 42°13.38′N 83°44.74′W﻿ / ﻿42.22300°N 83.74567°W﻿ / 42.22300; -83.74567, has an elevation of 839 feet (256 m).

Q1: On which river is the city of Ann Arbor situated?
A1: Huron
Q2: What is the landscape of Ann Arbor like?
A2: hills and valleys
Q3: What is the name of the city's airport?
A3: Ann Arbor Municipal Airport
Oklahoma_City (Geography and places)

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 620.34 square miles (1,606.7 km2), of which, 601.11 square miles (1,556.9 km2) of it is land and 19.23 square miles (49.8 km2) of it is water. The total area is 3.09 percent water.

Q1: How many square miles is Oklahoma City?
A1: 620.34 square miles
Q2: Out of the 620.34 square miles, how much of it is water?
A2: 19.23 square miles
Houston (History)

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 656.3 square miles (1,700 km2); this comprises 634.0 square miles (1,642 km2) of land and 22.3 square miles (58 km2) of water. The Piney Woods is north of Houston. Most of Houston is located on the gulf coastal plain, and its vegetation is classified as temperate grassland and forest. Much of the city was built on forested land, marshes, swamp, or prairie which resembles the Deep South, and are all still visible in surrounding areas. Flatness of the local terrain, when combined with urban sprawl, has made flooding a recurring problem for the city. Downtown stands about 50 feet (15 m) above sea level, and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 125 feet (38 m) in elevation. The city once relied on groundwater for its needs, but land subsidence forced the city to turn to ground-level water sources such as Lake Houston, Lake Conroe and Lake Livingston. The city owns surface water rights for 1.20 billion gallons of water a day in addition to 150 million gallons a day worth of groundwater.

Q1: What is the square mile area of Houston?
A1: 656.3 square miles
Q2: How much of Houston's total area is water?
A2: 22.3 square miles
Q3: In what topography is Houston located?
A3: gulf coastal plain
Q4: How is the vegetation of the area classified?
A4: temperate grassland and forest
Q5: What kind of weather event is a recurring problem for Houston?
A5: flooding
New_York_City (Geography and places)

According to the United States Geological Survey, an updated analysis of seismic hazard in July 2014 revealed a "slightly lower hazard for tall buildings" in New York City than previously assessed. Scientists estimated this lessened risk based upon a lower likelihood than previously thought of slow shaking near the city, which would be more likely to cause damage to taller structures from an earthquake in the vicinity of the city.

Q1: When did the United States Geological Survey released its seismic hazard analysis?
A1: July 2014
Mary_(mother_of_Jesus) (Philosophy and religion)

According to the apocryphal Gospel of James, Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the Tabernacle as recorded in the Old Testament. Some apocryphal accounts state that at the time of her betrothal to Joseph, Mary was 12–14 years old, and he was thirty years old, but such accounts are unreliable.

Q1: Who were Mary's parents?
A1: Saint Joachim and Saint Anne
Q2: How old was Mary when she was consecrated as a virgin?
A2: three years old
Q3: Who was Mary betrothed to?
A3: Joseph
Q4: When she was betrothed to Joseph, approximately how old was Mary?
A4: 12–14 years old
Q5: Where was Mary consecrated as a virgin?
A5: the Temple in Jerusalem
Crucifixion_of_Jesus (Philosophy and religion)

According to the canonical gospels, Jesus, whom Christians believe to be the Son of God as well as the Messiah (Christ), was arrested, tried, and sentenced by Pontius Pilate to be scourged, and finally crucified by the Romans. Jesus was stripped of his clothing and offered wine mixed with gall to drink, before being crucified. He was then hung for six hours (according to Mark's Gospel) between two convicted thieves. During this time, the soldiers affixed a sign to the top of the cross stating "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" in three languages. They then divided his garments among them, but cast lots for his seamless robe. After Jesus' death they pierced his side with a spear to be certain that he had died. The Bible records seven statements that Jesus made while he was on the cross, as well as several supernatural events that occurred.

Q1: Who was the person that tried Jesus?
A1: Pontius Pilate
Q2: How long was Jesus hung for?
A2: six hours
Q3: What did the sign say on top of Jesus' cross?
A3: Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews
Q4: What was done to make sure Jesus was dead?
A4: they pierced his side with a spear
Q5: How many statements did Jesus make on the cross?
A5: seven statements
Montevideo (Geography and places)

According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, Montevideo had a population of 1,325,968 persons, compared to Uruguay's total population of 3,241,003. The female population was 707,697 (53.4%) while the male population accounted for 618,271 (46.6%). The population had declined since the previous census carried out in 1996, with an average annual growth rate of −1.5 per thousand. Continual decline has been documented since the census period of 1975–1985, which showed a rate of −5.6 per thousand. The decrease is due in large part to lowered fertility, partly offset by mortality, and to a smaller degree in migration. The birth rate declined by 19% from 1996 (17 per thousand) to 2004 (13.8 per thousand). Similarly, the total fertility rate (TFR) declined from 2.24 in 1996 to 1.79 in 2004. However, mortality continued to fall with life expectancy at birth for both sexes increasing by 1.73 years.

Q1: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Montevideo's population?
A1: 1,325,968 persons
Q2: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Uruguay's population?
A2: 3,241,003
Q3: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Montevideo's female population?
A3: 707,697
Q4: According to the census survey carried out between 15 June and 31 July 2004, what was Montevideo's male population?
A4: 618,271
Virgil (Language and literature)

According to the commentators, Virgil received his first education when he was five years old and he later went to Cremona, Milan, and finally Rome to study rhetoric, medicine, and astronomy, which he soon abandoned for philosophy. From Virgil's admiring references to the neoteric writers Pollio and Cinna, it has been inferred that he was, for a time, associated with Catullus' neoteric circle. However schoolmates considered Virgil extremely shy and reserved, according to Servius, and he was nicknamed "Parthenias" or "maiden" because of his social aloofness. Virgil seems to have suffered bad health throughout his life and in some ways lived the life of an invalid. According to the Catalepton, while in the Epicurean school of Siro the Epicurean at Naples, he began to write poetry. A group of small works attributed to the youthful Virgil by the commentators survive collected under the title Appendix Vergiliana, but are largely considered spurious by scholars. One, the Catalepton, consists of fourteen short poems, some of which may be Virgil's, and another, a short narrative poem titled the Culex ("The Gnat"), was attributed to Virgil as early as the 1st century AD.

Q1: Which three studies did Virgil abandon for philosophy?
A1: rhetoric, medicine, and astronomy
Q2: How was Virgil regarded socially by his schoolmates?
A2: extremely shy and reserved
Q3: What was Virgil's nickname?
A3: Parthenias
Q4: How did Virgil earn his nickname "Parthenias" or "maiden"?
A4: social aloofness
Q5: Which short narrative poem was attributed to Virgil as early as the 1st century AD?
A5: the Culex
Materialism (Philosophy and religion)

According to the dominant cosmological model, the Lambda-CDM model, less than 5% of the universe's energy density is made up of the "matter" described by the Standard Model of Particle Physics, and the majority of the universe is composed of dark matter and dark energy - with little agreement amongst scientists about what these are made of.

Q1: Which model suggests that matter is 5% of the universe?
A1: Lambda-CDM model
Q2: What type of matter does the model consider it to be?
A2: dark matter
Hunter-gatherer (Natural sciences)

According to the endurance running hypothesis, long-distance running as in persistence hunting, a method still practiced by some hunter-gatherer groups in modern times, was likely the driving evolutionary force leading to the evolution of certain human characteristics. This hypothesis does not necessarily contradict the scavenging hypothesis: both subsistence strategies could have been in use – sequentially, alternating or even simultaneously.

Q1: What is long-distance running as a food hunting-gathering technique?
A1: persistence hunting
Q2: What theory says that long-distance running drove the evolution of some human traits?
A2: endurance running hypothesis
Q3: Who still practices persistence hunting?
A3: some hunter-gatherer groups
Q4: Besides the endurance running hypothesis, what other theory of food collection is there?
A4: scavenging hypothesis
Q5: What food gathering techniques could have been used by early man at the same time?
A5: both subsistence strategies
University_of_Kansas (Geography and places)

According to the journal DesignIntelligence, which annually publishes "America's Best Architecture and Design Schools," the School of Architecture and Urban Design at the University of Kansas was named the best in the Midwest and ranked 11th among all undergraduate architecture programs in the U.S in 2012.

Q1: What is the name of the publication that ranks schools engaged in architecture and design education?
A1: DesignIntelligence
Q2: What is the name of the yearly ratings published by DesignIntelligence?
A2: America's Best Architecture and Design Schools
Q3: What title did KU's architecture school receive in 2012?
A3: best in the Midwest
Q4: In what place did the University of Kansas finish in national rankings for undergraduate architecture programs in 2012?
A4: 11th
Cyprus (Geography and places)

According to the latest International Monetary Fund estimates, its per capita GDP (adjusted for purchasing power) at $30,769 is just above the average of the European Union.[citation needed] Cyprus has been sought as a base for several offshore businesses for its low tax rates. Tourism, financial services and shipping are significant parts of the economy. Economic policy of the Cyprus government has focused on meeting the criteria for admission to the European Union. The Cypriot government adopted the euro as the national currency on 1 January 2008.

Q1: What is the per capita GDP of Cyprus given by the IMF?
A1: $30,769
Q2: Why has Cyprus been sought out by offshore businesses?
A2: low tax rates
Q3: What are three of the largest contributors to the Cyprus economy?
A3: Tourism, financial services and shipping
Q4: When was the Euro declared as the national currency of Cyprus?
A4: 1 January 2008
Germans (Language and literature)

According to the latest nationwide census, Roman Catholics constituted 30.8% of the total population of Germany, followed by the Evangelical Protestants at 30.3%. Other religions, atheists or not specified constituted 38.8% of the population at the time. Among "others" are Protestants not included in Evangelical Church of Germany, and other Christians such as the Restorationist New Apostolic Church. Protestantism was more common among the citizens of Germany. The North and East Germany is predominantly Protestant, the South and West rather Catholic. Nowadays there is a non-religious majority in Hamburg and the East German states.

Q1: What percentage of Germans are Roman Catholic?
A1: 30.8
Q2: What percentage of Germans are Evangelical Protestants?
A2: 30.3
Q3: What religion is the North and East part of Germany?
A3: Protestant
Q4: Where is there a non-religious majority?
A4: Hamburg and the East German states
Imamah_(Shia_doctrine) (Philosophy and religion)

According to the majority of Shī'a, namely the Twelvers (Ithnā'ashariyya), the following is a listing of the rightful successors to Muḥammad. Each Imam was the son of the previous Imam except for Hussayn ibn 'Alī, who was the brother of Hassan ibn 'Alī.The belief in this succession to Muḥammad stems from various Quranic verses which include: 75:36, 13:7, 35:24, 2:30, 2:124, 36:26, 7:142, 42:23.[citation needed] They support their discussion by citing Genesis 17:19–20 and Sunni hadith:Sahih Muslim, Hadith number 4478, English translation by Abdul Hamid Siddiqui.[original research?]

Q1: Who was the brother of Hassan ibn 'Ali?
A1: Hussayn ibn 'Alī
Q2: Usually, how has each Imam been related to the previous Imam?
A2: son
Q3: What bible verse do Shia use to support their belief of succession?
A3: Genesis 17:19–20
Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty (History)

According to the official Twenty-Four Histories, the History of Ming compiled in 1739 by the subsequent Qing dynasty (1644–1912), the Ming dynasty established the "É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office" (Chinese: 俄力思軍民元帥府) in western Tibet and installed the "Ü-Tsang Itinerant High Commandery" and "Amdo-Kham Itinerant High Commandery" to administer Kham. The Mingshi states that administrative offices were set up under these high commanderies, including one Itinerant Commandery, three Pacification Commissioner's Offices, six Expedition Commissioner's Offices, four Wanhu offices (myriarchies, in command of 10,000 households each) and seventeen Qianhu offices (chiliarchies, each in command of 1,000 households).

Q1: What years did the Qing dynasty rule?
A1: 1644–1912
Q2: what year was the history of Ming produced? 
A2: 1739
Q3: What did the Ming dynasty create?
A3: É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office
Q4: How many Qianhu offices were there?
A4: seventeen Qianhu offices
Q5: where was the É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office established?
A5: western Tibet
Treaty (Language and literature)

According to the preamble in The Law of Treaties, treaties are a source of international law. If an act or lack thereof is condemned under international law, the act will not assume international legality even if approved by internal law. This means that in case of a conflict with domestic law, international law will always prevail.

Q1: The preamble of what states that treaties are a source of international law?
A1: The Law of Treaties
Q2: Which will prevail in a conflict between international and domestic law?
A2: international law
Q3: What are started to be a source of international law in the preamble in The Law of Treaties?
A3: treaties
Q4: Approval under what law will not make an act or lack thereof legal if condemned under international law?
A4: internal law
Q5: An act or lack thereof cannot be made legal under what law even if made legal under internal law?
A5: international law
Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas (History)

According to the prevailing theories of the settlement of the Americas, migrations of humans from Asia (in particular North Asia) to the Americas took place via Beringia, a land bridge which connected the two continents across what is now the Bering Strait. The majority of experts agree that the earliest pre-modern human migration via Beringia took place at least 13,500 years ago, with disputed evidence that people had migrated into the Americas much earlier, up to 40,000 years ago. These early Paleo-Indians spread throughout the Americas, diversifying into many hundreds of culturally distinct nations and tribes. According to the oral histories of many of the indigenous peoples of the Americas, they have been living there since their genesis, described by a wide range of creation myths.

Q1: Where do most theories today attribute the settlement of the Americas as originating from?
A1: Asia
Q2: How did humans cross over to the Americas from Asia?
A2: Beringia
Q3: What was Beringia?
A3: a land bridge which connected the two continents
Q4: Most experts can at least agree that the earliest pre-modern human migration took place when?
A4: 13,500 years ago
Q5: How do the indigenous peoples explain how they came to live in the Americas?
A5: a wide range of creation myths
Copyright_infringement (Language and literature)

According to the same study, even though digital piracy inflicts additional costs on the production side of media, it also offers the main access to media goods in developing countries. The strong tradeoffs that favor using digital piracy in developing economies dictate the current neglected law enforcements toward digital piracy. In China, the issue of digital infringement is not merely legal, but social – originating from the high demand for cheap and affordable goods as well as the governmental connections of the businesses which produce such goods.

Q1: Even though piracy adds costs to production, what else is offered to developing countries?
A1: main access to media goods
Q2: What do the tradeoffs of digital piracy support?
A2: current neglected law enforcements
Q3: In what country is the issue of digital infringement social?
A3: China
Q4: What is in high demand in this country?
A4: cheap and affordable goods
Q5: What does the government of this country provide to businesses that produce content?
A5: connections
Buddhism (Philosophy and religion)

According to the scriptures, Gautama Buddha presented himself as a model. The Dharma offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering and the attainment of Nirvana. The Sangha is considered to provide a refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha and providing further examples that the truth of the Buddha's teachings is attainable.

Q1: Who presented himself as a model?
A1: Gautama Buddha
Q2: What offers a refuge by providing guidelines for the alleviation of suffering?
A2: Dharma
Q3: What provides refuge by preserving the authentic teachings of the Buddha?
A3: Sangha
Buddhism (Philosophy and religion)

According to the scriptures, soon after the death of the Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held; a monk named Mahākāśyapa (Pāli: Mahākassapa) presided. The goal of the council was to record the Buddha's teachings. Upāli recited the vinaya. Ānanda, the Buddha's personal attendant, was called upon to recite the dhamma. These became the basis of the Tripitaka. However, this record was initially transmitted orally in form of chanting, and was committed to text in the last century BCE. Both the sūtras and the vinaya of every Buddhist school contain a wide variety of elements including discourses on the Dharma, commentaries on other teachings, cosmological and cosmogonical texts, stories of the Gautama Buddha's previous lives, and various other subjects.

Q1: Which monk presided after the death of the Buddha?
A1: Mahākāśyapa
Q2: What was the goal of the council?
A2: to record the Buddha's teachings
Q3: the vinaya was recited by?
A3: Upāli
Q4: Who was the Buddha's personal attendant?
A4: Ānanda
Q5: Ananda was called upon to recite what?
A5: dhamma
Buddhism (Philosophy and religion)

According to the scriptures, soon after the parinirvāṇa (from Sanskrit: "highest extinguishment") of Gautama Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held. As with any ancient Indian tradition, transmission of teaching was done orally. The primary purpose of the assembly was to collectively recite the teachings to ensure that no errors occurred in oral transmission. In the first council, Ānanda, a cousin of the Buddha and his personal attendant, was called upon to recite the discourses (sūtras, Pāli suttas) of the Buddha, and, according to some sources, the abhidhamma. Upāli, another disciple, recited the monastic rules (vinaya). Most scholars regard the traditional accounts of the council as greatly exaggerated if not entirely fictitious.[note 36]Richard Gombrich noted Sariputta led communal recitations of the Buddha's teaching for preservation in the Buddha's lifetime in Sangiti Sutta (Digha Nikaya #33), and something similar to the First Council must have taken place to compose Buddhist scriptures.

Q1: Soon after the parinirvana of Gautama Buddha, what type of council was held?
A1: Buddhist
Q2: Who was cousin of the Buddha?
A2: Ānanda
Q3: What are the discourses of the Buddha called?
A3: sūtras
Q4: Some sources say that discourse of who else were recited along with Buddha's?
A4: abhidhamma