LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Swaziland (Geography and places)

Swaziland derives its name from a later king named Mswati II. KaNgwane, named for Ngwane III, is an alternative name for Swaziland the surname of whose royal house remains Nkhosi Dlamini. Nkhosi literally means "king". Mswati II was the greatest of the fighting kings of Swaziland, and he greatly extended the area of the country to twice its current size. The Emakhandzambili clans were initially incorporated into the kingdom with wide autonomy, often including grants of special ritual and political status. The extent of their autonomy however was drastically curtailed by Mswati, who attacked and subdued some of them in the 1850s.

Q1: What is the literal translation of Nkhosi?
A1: king
Q2: In terms of the most successful Swaziland kings in battle, who was the best?
A2: Mswati II
Q3: What did Mswati II do to the land controlled by Swaziland during his reign?
A3: greatly extended the area of the country
Q4: What groups did Mswati attack in the mid 19th century?
A4: Emakhandzambili clans
Q5: Where does the name Swaziland originate?
A5: Mswati II. KaNgwane
Swaziland (Geography and places)

Swaziland is a developing country with a small economy. Its GDP per capita of $9,714 means it is classified as a country with a lower-middle income. As a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), its main local trading partner is South Africa. Swaziland's currency, the lilangeni, is pegged to the South African rand. Swaziland's major overseas trading partners are the United States and the European Union. The majority of the country's employment is provided by its agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Swaziland is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations.

Q1: What is the per capita GDP of Swaziland?
A1: $9,714
Q2: What is the SACU?
A2: Southern African Customs Union
Q3: What does the acronym COMESA represent?
A3: Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
Q4: What is the lilangeni?
A4: Swaziland's currency
Q5: What form of currency is the lilangeni fixed to?
A5: South African rand
Swaziland (Geography and places)

Swaziland's currency is pegged to the South African Rand, subsuming Swaziland's monetary policy to South Africa. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union, which may equal as much as 70% of government revenue this year, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. Swaziland is not poor enough to merit an IMF program; however, the country is struggling to reduce the size of the civil service and control costs at public enterprises. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign direct investment.

Q1: What currency is Swaziland bound to?
A1: South African Rand
Q2: Which nation does Swazi defer to when it comes to monetary policy?
A2: South Africa
Q3: Duties from customs represent what amount of Swaziland government revenue?
A3: as much as 70%
Q4: From where does Swaziland get customs revenue?
A4: Southern African Customs Union
Swaziland (Geography and places)

Swaziland's most well-known cultural event is the annual Umhlanga Reed Dance. In the eight-day ceremony, girls cut reeds and present them to the queen mother and then dance. (There is no formal competition.) It is done in late August or early September. Only childless, unmarried girls can take part. The aims of the ceremony are to preserve girls' chastity, provide tribute labour for the Queen mother, and to encourage solidarity by working together. The royal family appoints a commoner maiden to be "induna" (captain) of the girls and she announces over the radio the dates of the ceremony. She will be an expert dancer and knowledgeable on royal protocol. One of the King's daughters will be her counterpart.

Q1: What is the most widely known event in Swazi culture?
A1: Umhlanga Reed Dance.
Q2: How long is the Umhlanga Reed Dance?
A2: eight
Q3: During what time of year is the Umhlanga Reed Dance?
A3: late August or early September
Q4: What individuals can take part in the Umhlanga Reed Dance?
A4: childless, unmarried girls
Q5: As it relates to girls, what is the purpose of the Umhlanga Reed Dance?
A5: to preserve girls' chastity
Greece (Geography and places)

Sweet desserts such as galaktoboureko, and drinks such as ouzo, metaxa and a variety of wines including retsina. Greek cuisine differs widely from different parts of the mainland and from island to island. It uses some flavorings more often than other Mediterranean cuisines: oregano, mint, garlic, onion, dill and bay laurel leaves. Other common herbs and spices include basil, thyme and fennel seed. Many Greek recipes, especially in the northern parts of the country, use "sweet" spices in combination with meat, for example cinnamon and cloves in stews.

Q1: What is the name of one sweet dessert in Greece?
A1: galaktoboureko
Q2: What is one of the flavorings commonly used in Greek Mediterranean food? 
A2: oregano
Q3: What is one of the sweet spices Greeks like to use with meat?
A3: cinnamon
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Swiss are fans of football and the national team is nicknamed the 'Nati'. The headquarters of the sport's governing body, the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA), is located in Zürich. Switzerland hosted the 1954 FIFA World Cup, and was the joint host, with Austria, of the Euro 2008 tournament. The Swiss Super League is the nation's professional club league. For the Brasil 2014 World Cup finals tournament, the country's German-speaking cantons will be closely monitored by local police forces to prevent celebrations beyond one hour after matches end. Europe's highest football pitch, at 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) above sea level, is located in Switzerland and is named the Ottmar Hitzfeld Stadium.

Q1: What is the nickname for the Swiss national football team?
A1: Nati
Q2: What does FIFA stand for?
A2: International Federation of Association Football
Q3: Where is Europe's highest football pitch located?
A3: Switzerland
Q4: Where is the FIFA located?
A4: Zürich
Q5: Which FIFA world cup did Switzerland host?
A5: 1954
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Swiss citizens are universally required to buy health insurance from private insurance companies, which in turn are required to accept every applicant. While the cost of the system is among the highest it compares well with other European countries in terms of health outcomes; patients who are citizens have been reported as being, in general, highly satisfied with it. In 2012, life expectancy at birth was 80.4 years for men and 84.7 years for women — the highest in the world. However, spending on health is particularly high at 11.4% of GDP (2010), on par with Germany and France (11.6%) and other European countries, and notably less than spending in the USA (17.6%). From 1990, a steady increase can be observed, reflecting the high costs of the services provided. With an ageing population and new healthcare technologies, health spending will likely continue to rise.

Q1: Who are Swiss citizens required to buy health insurance from?
A1: private insurance companies
Q2: Who are private insurance companies required to accept?
A2: every applicant
Q3: In 2012, what was Switzerland's world ranking for life expectancy in 2012?
A3: highest
Q4: What population will cause health spending to likely rise in the future?
A4: ageing
Q5: What do new high tech healthcare technologies translate to?
A5: high costs of the services provided
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Swiss private-public managed road network is funded by road tolls and vehicle taxes. The Swiss autobahn/autoroute system requires the purchase of a vignette (toll sticker)—which costs 40 Swiss francs—for one calendar year in order to use its roadways, for both passenger cars and trucks. The Swiss autobahn/autoroute network has a total length of 1,638 km (1,018 mi) (as of 2000) and has, by an area of 41,290 km2 (15,940 sq mi), also one of the highest motorway densities in the world. Zürich Airport is Switzerland's largest international flight gateway, which handled 22.8 million passengers in 2012. The other international airports are Geneva Airport (13.9 million passengers in 2012), EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg which is located in France, Bern Airport, Lugano Airport, St. Gallen-Altenrhein Airport and Sion Airport. Swiss International Air Lines is the flag carrier of Switzerland. Its main hub is Zürich.

Q1: What is the Swiss private-public managed road network funded by?
A1: road tolls and vehicle taxes
Q2: How much does the Swiss autoroute network charge for a toll sticker to use Swiss roadways for a year?
A2: 40 Swiss francs
Q3: Which airport is Switzerland's largest international flight gateway?
A3: Zürich
Q4: What is the name of the flag airline carrier in Switzerland?
A4: Swiss International Air Lines
Q5: How many passengers used the Zurich airport in 2012?
A5: 22.8 million
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland (/ˈswɪtsərlənd/), officially the Swiss Confederation (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica, hence its abbreviation CH), is a country in Europe. While still named the "Swiss Confederation" for historical reasons, modern Switzerland is a federal directorial republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities, called Bundesstadt ("federal city").[note 3] The country is situated in Western and Central Europe,[note 4] and is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8 million people is concentrated mostly on the Plateau, where the largest cities are to be found: among them are the two global and economic centres, Zürich and Geneva.

Q1: What is the official name of Switzerland?
A1: Swiss Confederation
Q2: What type of government does Switzerland have?
A2: a federal directorial republic
Q3: How many cantons are in Switzerland's federal directorial republic?
A3: 26
Q4: What 3 geographical features divide Switzerland?
A4: the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura
Q5: What is the population of Switzerland?
A5: approximately 8 million
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland has a dense network of cities, where large, medium and small cities are complementary. The plateau is very densely populated with about 450 people per km2 and the landscape continually shows signs of human presence. The weight of the largest metropolitan areas, which are Zürich, Geneva–Lausanne, Basel and Bern tend to increase. In international comparison the importance of these urban areas is stronger than their number of inhabitants suggests. In addition the two main centers of Zürich and Geneva are recognized for their particularly great quality of life.

Q1: What is the population density of the plateau?
A1: 450 people per km2
Q2: Which 2 centers are recognized for their particularly great quality of life?
A2: Zürich and Geneva
Q3: What does the weight of the largest metropolitan areas tend to do?
A3: increase
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland has a stable, prosperous and high-tech economy and enjoys great wealth, being ranked as the wealthiest country in the world per capita in multiple rankings. In 2011 it was ranked as the wealthiest country in the world in per capita terms (with "wealth" being defined to include both financial and non-financial assets), while the 2013 Credit Suisse Global Wealth Report showed that Switzerland was the country with the highest average wealth per adult in 2013. It has the world's nineteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and the thirty-sixth largest by purchasing power parity. It is the twentieth largest exporter, despite its small size. Switzerland has the highest European rating in the Index of Economic Freedom 2010, while also providing large coverage through public services. The nominal per capita GDP is higher than those of the larger Western and Central European economies and Japan. If adjusted for purchasing power parity, Switzerland ranks 8th in the world in terms of GDP per capita, according to the World Bank and IMF (ranked 15th according to the CIA Worldfactbook).

Q1: How does the Swiss economy rank worldwide by nominal GDP?
A1: nineteenth largest
Q2: How does the Swiss economy rank worldwide by purchasing power parity?
A2: thirty-sixth largest
Q3: What ranking does Switzerland hold in terms of GDP per capita, adjusting for purchasing power, according to the World Bank?
A3: 8th in the world
Q4: Which rating was assigned to Switzerland by the Index of Economic Freedom of 2010?
A4: highest European rating
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland has an overwhelmingly private sector economy and low tax rates by Western World standards; overall taxation is one of the smallest of developed countries. Switzerland is a relatively easy place to do business, currently ranking 20th of 189 countries in the Ease of Doing Business Index. The slow growth Switzerland experienced in the 1990s and the early 2000s has brought greater support for economic reforms and harmonization with the European Union. According to Credit Suisse, only about 37% of residents own their own homes, one of the lowest rates of home ownership in Europe. Housing and food price levels were 171% and 145% of the EU-25 index in 2007, compared to 113% and 104% in Germany.

Q1: How is Switzerland ranked of 189 countries in the Ease of Doing Business Index?
A1: 20th
Q2: According to Credit Suisse, what percentage of residents own their homes?
A2: about 37%
Q3: How do Switzerland's tax rates compare by Western World standards?
A3: low
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland has four official languages: principally German (63.5% total population share, with foreign residents, in 2013); French (22.5%) in the west; and Italian (8.1%) in the south. The fourth official language, Romansh (0.5%), is a Romance language spoken locally in the southeastern trilingual canton of Graubünden, and is designated by Article 4 of the Federal Constitution as a national language along with German, French, and Italian, and in Article 70 as an official language if the authorities communicate with persons who speak Romansh. However, federal laws and other official acts do not need to be decreed in Romansh.

Q1: How many official languages does Switzerland have?
A1: four
Q2: What is the principal official language in Switzerland?
A2: German
Q3: What is the principal official language in the western part of Switzerland?
A3: French
Q4: What is the principal official language in the southern part of Switzerland?
A4: Italian
Q5: What is the least popular official language of Switzerland?
A5: Romansh
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland has one of the best environmental records among nations in the developed world; it was one of the countries to sign the Kyoto Protocol in 1998 and ratified it in 2003. With Mexico and the Republic of Korea it forms the Environmental Integrity Group (EIG). The country is heavily active in recycling and anti-littering regulations and is one of the top recyclers in the world, with 66% to 96% of recyclable materials being recycled, depending on the area of the country. The 2014 Global Green Economy Index ranked Switzerland among the top 10 green economies in the world.

Q1: When did Switzerland sign the Kyoto Protocol?
A1: 1998
Q2: When did Switzerland ratify the Kyoto Protocol
A2: 2003
Q3: What was formed by Switzerland, Mexico, and the Republic of Korea?
A3: Environmental Integrity Group (EIG)
Q4: What percentage of recyclable materials are being recycled in Switzerland?
A4: 66% to 96%
Q5: How did the 2010 Global Green Economy Index rank Switzerland?
A5: among the top 10 green economies in the world
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland is one of the richest and wealthiest countries in the world. Switzerland ranks top or close to the top in several metrics of national performance, including government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic competitiveness, and human development. It has the highest nominal wealth (financial and non-financial assets) per adult in the world according to Credit Suisse and the eighth-highest per capita gross domestic product on the IMF list. Zürich and Geneva have each been ranked among the top cities with the highest quality of life in the world, with the former ranked 2nd globally, according to Mercer.

Q1: How does Switzerland rank worldwide in areas such as quality of life and civil liberties?
A1: top or close to the top
Q2: Which country has the highest nominal wealth per adult in the world according to Credit Suisse?
A2: Switzerland
Q3: Which two Swiss cities have been ranked as having the highest quality of life in the world?
A3: Zürich and Geneva
Q4: What assets are included in nominal wealth?
A4: financial and non-financial
Q5: What is Switzerland's ranking for per capita gross domestic product on the IMF list?
A5: eighth-highest
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland lies between latitudes 45° and 48° N, and longitudes 5° and 11° E. It contains three basic topographical areas: the Swiss Alps to the south, the Swiss Plateau or Central Plateau, and the Jura mountains on the west. The Alps are a high mountain range running across the central-south of the country, comprising about 60% of the country's total area. The majority of the Swiss population live in the Swiss Plateau. Among the high valleys of the Swiss Alps many glaciers are found, totalling an area of 1,063 square kilometres (410 sq mi). From these originate the headwaters of several major rivers, such as the Rhine, Inn, Ticino and Rhône, which flow in the four cardinal directions into the whole of Europe. The hydrographic network includes several of the largest bodies of freshwater in Central and Western Europe, among which are included Lake Geneva (also called le Lac Léman in French), Lake Constance (known as Bodensee in German) and Lake Maggiore. Switzerland has more than 1500 lakes, and contains 6% of Europe's stock of fresh water. Lakes and glaciers cover about 6% of the national territory. The largest lake is Lake Geneva, in western Switzerland shared with France. The Rhône is both the main source and outflow of Lake Geneva. Lake Constance is the second largest Swiss lake and, like the Lake Geneva, an intermediate step by the Rhine at the border to Austria and Germany. While the Rhône flows into the Mediterranean Sea at the French Camarque region and the Rhine flows into the North Sea at Rotterdam in the Netherlands, about 1000 km apart, both springs are only about 22 km apart from each other in the Swiss Alps.

Q1: Which basic topographical area is in the south of Switzerland?
A1: Swiss Alps
Q2: Which basic topographical area is in central Switzerland?
A2: Swiss Plateau
Q3: Which basic topographical area is in western Switzerland?
A3: Jura mountains
Q4: How much of Switzerland's total area do the Alps comprise?
A4: 60%
Q5: What is the largest lake in Switzerland?
A5: Lake Geneva
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland voted against membership in the European Economic Area in a referendum in December 1992 and has since maintained and developed its relationships with the European Union (EU) and European countries through bilateral agreements. In March 2001, the Swiss people refused in a popular vote to start accession negotiations with the EU. In recent years, the Swiss have brought their economic practices largely into conformity with those of the EU in many ways, in an effort to enhance their international competitiveness. The economy grew at 3% in 2010, 1.9% in 2011, and 1% in 2012. Full EU membership is a long-term objective of some in the Swiss government, but there is considerable popular sentiment against this supported by the conservative SVP party. The western French-speaking areas and the urban regions of the rest of the country tend to be more pro-EU, however with far from any significant share of the population.

Q1: How has Switzerland maintained its relationships with the EU?
A1: through bilateral agreements
Q2: In recent years, what have the Swiss brought their economic practices into conformity with?
A2: the EU
Q3: What have the Swiss tried to enhance by conforming to EU economic practices?
A3: international competitiveness
Q4: How much did the Swiss economy grow in 2010?
A4: 3%
Q5: Which conservative party is popularly against joining the EU?
A5: SVP party
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland was the last Western republic to grant women the right to vote. Some Swiss cantons approved this in 1959, while at the federal level it was achieved in 1971 and, after resistance, in the last canton Appenzell Innerrhoden (one of only two remaining Landsgemeinde) in 1990. After obtaining suffrage at the federal level, women quickly rose in political significance, with the first woman on the seven member Federal Council executive being Elisabeth Kopp, who served from 1984–1989, and the first female president being Ruth Dreifuss in 1999.

Q1: Who did Switzerland finally grant the right to vote to following the rest of the Western republic?
A1: women
Q2: When were Switzerland women granted the right to vote on a federal level?
A2: 1971
Q3: Who was the first woman to serve on the Federal Council?
A3: Elisabeth Kopp
Q4: Who was Switzerland's first female president?
A4: Ruth Dreifuss
Q5: In what year did Ruth Dreifuss become president?
A5: 1999
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland's ecosystems can be particularly fragile, because the many delicate valleys separated by high mountains often form unique ecologies. The mountainous regions themselves are also vulnerable, with a rich range of plants not found at other altitudes, and experience some pressure from visitors and grazing. The climatic, geological and topographical conditions of the alpine region make for a very fragile ecosystem that is particularly sensitive to climate change. Nevertheless, according to the 2014 Environmental Performance Index, Switzerland ranks first among 132 nations in safeguarding the environment, due to its high scores on environmental public health, its heavy reliance on renewable sources of energy (hydropower and geothermal energy), and its control of greenhouse gas emissions.

Q1: What rank was Switzerland in safeguarding the environment according to the 2014 Environmental Performance Index?
A1: first among 132 nations
Q2: What do mountainous regions have that make their ecosystems particularly fragile?
A2: plants not found at other altitudes
Q3: What is the ecosystem in the alpine region particularly sensitive to?
A3: climate change
Q4: What sources of energy does Switzerland heavily rely on?
A4: renewable
Switzerland (Geography and places)

Switzerland's most important economic sector is manufacturing. Manufacturing consists largely of the production of specialist chemicals, health and pharmaceutical goods, scientific and precision measuring instruments and musical instruments. The largest exported goods are chemicals (34% of exported goods), machines/electronics (20.9%), and precision instruments/watches (16.9%). Exported services amount to a third of exports. The service sector – especially banking and insurance, tourism, and international organisations – is another important industry for Switzerland.

Q1: What is Switzerland's most important economic sector?
A1: manufacturing
Q2: What accounts for 34% of Switzerland's exported goods?
A2: chemicals
Q3: What accounts for 20.9% of Switzerland's exported goods?
A3: machines/electronics
Q4: What accounts for 16.9% of Switzerland's exported goods?
A4: precision instruments/watches
Q5: What percentage of exports are exported services?
A5: a third