LucaSailor/squad-v2-instruction-dataset huggingface dataset:
Black_people (Language and literature)

In 1988, the civil rights leader Jesse Jackson urged Americans to use instead the term "African American" because it had a historical cultural base and was a construction similar to terms used by European descendants, such as German American, Italian American, etc. Since then, African American and black have often had parallel status. However, controversy continues over which if any of the two terms is more appropriate. Maulana Karenga argues that the term African-American is more appropriate because it accurately articulates their geographical and historical origin.[citation needed] Others have argued that "black" is a better term because "African" suggests foreignness, although Black Americans helped found the United States. Still others believe that the term black is inaccurate because African Americans have a variety of skin tones. Some surveys suggest that the majority of Black Americans have no preference for "African American" or "Black", although they have a slight preference for "black" in personal settings and "African American" in more formal settings.

Q1: Who argued for Americans to use the term "African American"?
A1: Jesse Jackson
Q2: What year did Jesse Jackson make this argument?
A2: 1988
Q3: Why did Jackson want this term to be used?
A3: it had a historical cultural base and was a construction similar to terms used by European descendants
Q4: Who also argued for the term "African American"?
A4: African-American
Q5: Why did some argue that "black" was the better term?
A5: because "African" suggests foreignness
Myanmar (Geography and places)

In 1988, unrest over economic mismanagement and political oppression by the government led to widespread pro-democracy demonstrations throughout the country known as the 8888 Uprising. Security forces killed thousands of demonstrators, and General Saw Maung staged a coup d'état and formed the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC). In 1989, SLORC declared martial law after widespread protests. The military government finalised plans for People's Assembly elections on 31 May 1989. SLORC changed the country's official English name from the "Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma" to the "Union of Myanmar" in 1989.

Q1: What are the 1988 demonstrations in Burma called?
A1: 8888 Uprising
Q2: Who lead the government coup in 1988 ?
A2: General Saw Maung
Q3: Why was marshal law declared in Burma in 1989?
A3: declared martial law after widespread protests.
Q4: What was the official name of Burma changed to by the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC)
A4: Union of Myanmar
Q5: Have elections been held in Burma since the military coup in 1988 ?
A5: The military government finalised plans for People's Assembly elections on 31 May 1989
Textual_criticism (Language and literature)

In 1988, with that preliminary phase of the project completed, Professor Skousen took over as editor and head of the FARMS Critical Text of the Book of Mormon Project and proceeded to gather still scattered fragments of the Original Manuscript of the Book of Mormon and to have advanced photographic techniques applied to obtain fine readings from otherwise unreadable pages and fragments. He also closely examined the Printer’s Manuscript (owned by the Community of Christ—RLDS Church in Independence, Missouri) for differences in types of ink or pencil, in order to determine when and by whom they were made. He also collated the various editions of the Book of Mormon down to the present to see what sorts of changes have been made through time.

Q1: When was phase one completed?
A1: 1988
Q2: Who took over after the preliminary phase?
A2: Professor Skousen
Q3: Why did Professor Skousen gather fragments and have them analyzed?
A3: to obtain fine readings
Q4: What process what used to study the gathered fragments?
A4: advanced photographic techniques
Q5: On what did Skousen analyze ink and pencil remnants?
A5: Printer’s Manuscript
Sony_Music_Entertainment (Music)

In 1989, CBS Records re-entered the music publishing business by acquiring Nashville music publisher Tree International Publishing for more than $30 million.

Q1: In what year did CBS Records buy out Tree International Publishing?
A1: 1989
Q2: How much did CBS Records pay for Tree International Publishing?
A2: $30 million
Q3: In what city was Tree International Publishing located?
A3: Nashville
Muammar_Gaddafi (History)

In 1989, Gaddafi was overjoyed by the foundation of the Arab Maghreb Union, uniting Libya in an economic pact with Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria, viewing it as beginnings of a new Pan-Arab union. Meanwhile, Libya stepped up its support for anti-western militants such as the Provisional IRA, and in 1988, Pan Am Flight 103 was blown up over Lockerbie in Scotland, killing 243 passengers and 16 crew members, plus 11 people on the ground. British police investigations identified two Libyans – Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and Lamin Khalifah Fhimah – as the chief suspects, and in November 1991 issued a declaration demanding that Libya hand them over. When Gaddafi refused, citing the Montreal Convention, the United Nations (UN) imposed Resolution 748 in March 1992, initiating economic sanctions against Libya which had deep repercussions for the country's economy. The country suffered an estimated $900 million financial loss as a result. Further problems arose with the west when in January 1989, two Libyan warplanes were shot down by the U.S. off the Libyan coast. Many African states opposed the UN sanctions, with Mandela criticising them on a visit to Gaddafi in October 1997, when he praised Libya for its work in fighting apartheid and awarded Gaddafi the Order of Good Hope. They would only be suspended in 1998 when Libya agreed to allow the extradition of the suspects to the Scottish Court in the Netherlands, in a process overseen by Mandela.

Q1: Along with Libya, Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria, who was a founding member of the Arab Maghreb Union?
A1: Mauritania
Q2: How many people not on Pan Am Flight 103 were killed by its destruction?
A2: 11
Q3: Along with Lamin Khalifah Fhimah, who was suspected of the attack on Pan Am Flight 103?
A3: Abdelbaset al-Megrahi
Q4: What 1992 UN Resolution imposed sanctions on Libya for its refusal to hand over the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing suspects?
A4: 748
Q5: What was the value of the economic losses experienced by Libya as a result of Resolution 748?
A5: $900 million
Adult_contemporary_music (Music)

In 1989, Linda Ronstadt released Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind, described by critics as "the first true Adult Contemporary album of the decade", featuring American soul singer Aaron Neville on several of the twelve tracks. The album was certified Triple Platinum in the United States alone and became a major success throughout the globe. The Grammy Award-winning singles, "Don't Know Much" and "All My Life", were both long-running #1 Adult Contemporary hits. Several additional singles from the disc made the AC Top 10 as well. The album won over many critics in the need to define AC, and appeared to change the tolerance and acceptance of AC music into mainstream day to day radio play.

Q1: What artist issued the album known as "the first true Adult Contemporary album of the decade"?
A1: Linda Ronstadt
Q2: In what year was the album Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind released?
A2: 1989
Q3: What male singer featured on several songs from Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind?
A3: Aaron Neville
Q4: What certification did Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind receive?
A4: Triple Platinum
Q5: Along with "Don't Know Much," what single won a Grammy?
A5: "All My Life"
Saint_Helena (Geography and places)

In 1989, Prince Andrew launched the replacement RMS St Helena to serve the island; the vessel was specially built for the Cardiff–Cape Town route and features a mixed cargo/passenger layout.

Q1: What year was the replacement for the RMS St Helena launched?
A1: 1989
Q2: Who launched the replacement RMS St Helena?
A2: Prince Andrew
Q3: What route was the replacement RMS St Helena built for?
A3: Cardiff–Cape Town route
Q4: What kind of layout did the RMS St Helena have?
A4: a mixed cargo/passenger layout.
Adolescence (Natural sciences)

In 1989, Troiden proposed a four-stage model for the development of homosexual sexual identity. The first stage, known as sensitization, usually starts in childhood, and is marked by the child's becoming aware of same-sex attractions. The second stage, identity confusion, tends to occur a few years later. In this stage, the youth is overwhelmed by feelings of inner turmoil regarding their sexual orientation, and begins to engage sexual experiences with same-sex partners. In the third stage of identity assumption, which usually takes place a few years after the adolescent has left home, adolescents begin to come out to their family and close friends, and assumes a self-definition as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. In the final stage, known as commitment, the young adult adopts their sexual identity as a lifestyle. Therefore, this model estimates that the process of coming out begins in childhood, and continues through the early to mid 20s. This model has been contested, and alternate ideas have been explored in recent years.

Q1: In what year did Troiden propose a four-stage model for the development of homosexual sexual identity?
A1: 1989
Q2: What is Troiden's first stage of development known as?
A2: sensitization
Q3: When does sensitization usually start?
A3: childhood
Q4: Troiden's second stage is referred to as what?
A4: identity confusion
Q5: In what stage is youth overwhelmed by feelings of inner turmoil regarding their sexual orientation?
A5: identity confusion
Estonia (Geography and places)

In 1989, during the "Singing Revolution", in a landmark demonstration for more independence, more than two million people formed a human chain stretching through Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, called the Baltic Way. All three nations had similar experiences of occupation and similar aspirations for regaining independence. The Estonian Sovereignty Declaration was issued on 16 November 1988. On 20 August 1991, Estonia declared formal independence during the Soviet military coup attempt in Moscow, reconstituting the pre-1940 state. The Soviet Union recognised the independence of Estonia on 6 September 1991. The first country to diplomatically recognise Estonia's reclaimed independence was Iceland. The last units of the Russian army left on 31 August 1994.

Q1: What year did the Singing Revolution occur?
A1: 1989
Q2: What was the demonstration of the Singing Revolution trying to fight for?
A2: independence
Q3: How many people created a chain of solidarity that went Estonia and other countries?
A3: more than two million people
Q4: What was the name of the human chain?
A4: the Baltic Way
Internet_service_provider (Engineering and technology)

In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States. In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989.

Q1: Where were the first isps established?
A1: Australia and the United States
Q2: where was the first commercial isp in the us located? 
A2: Brookline, Massachusetts
Q3: when was the first commercial isp customer served?
A3: November 1989
Q4: when were the first commercial isps established?
A4: 1989
Q5: what was the name of the first commercial isp in the us?
A5: The World
Chicago_Cubs (Sports and recreation)

In 1989, the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field, Don Zimmer's Cubs were led by a core group of veterans in Ryne Sandberg, Rick Sutcliffe and Andre Dawson, who were boosted by a crop of youngsters such as Mark Grace, Shawon Dunston, Greg Maddux, Rookie of the Year Jerome Walton, and Rookie of the Year Runner-Up Dwight Smith. The Cubs won the NL East once again that season winning 93 games. This time the Cubs met the San Francisco Giants in the NLCS. After splitting the first two games at home, the Cubs headed to the Bay Area, where despite holding a lead at some point in each of the next three games, bullpen meltdowns and managerial blunders ultimately led to three straight losses. The Cubs couldn't overcome the efforts of Will Clark, whose home run off Maddux, just after a managerial visit to the mound, led Maddux to think Clark knew what pitch was coming. Afterward, Maddux would speak into his glove during any mound conversation, beginning what is a norm today. Mark Grace was 11–17 in the series with 8 RBI. Eventually, the Giants lost to the "Bash Brothers" and the Oakland A's in the famous "Earthquake Series."

Q1: What year was the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field?
A1: 1989
Q2: Who was rookie of the year in 1989?
A2: Jerome Walton
Q3: Who was rookie of the year Runner-Up in 1989?
A3: Dwight Smith
Q4: Who did the Cubs meet in the NLCS during 1989?
A4: San Francisco Giants
Richmond,_Virginia (Geography and places)

In 1990 religion and politics intersected to impact the outcome of the Eighth District election in South Richmond. With the endorsements of black power brokers, black clergy and the Richmond Crusade for Voters, South Richmond residents made history, electing Reverend A. Carl Prince to the Richmond City Council. As the first African American Baptist Minister elected to the Richmond City Council, Prince's election paved the way for a political paradigm shift in politics that persist today. Following Prince's election, Reverend Gwendolyn Hedgepeth and the Reverend Leonidas Young, former Richmond Mayor were elected to public office. Prior to Prince's election black clergy made political endorsements and served as appointees to the Richmond School Board and other boards throughout the city. Today religion and politics continues to thrive in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Honorable Dwight C. Jones, a prominent Baptist pastor and former Chairman of the Richmond School Board and Member of the Virginia House of Delegates serves as Mayor of the City of Richmond.

Q1: What is A. Carl Prince's religious affiliation?
A1: Baptist
Q2: What is the current mayor of Richmond?
A2: Dwight C. Jones
Q3: In what year was the first black Baptist minister elected to the city council?
A3: 1990
Q4: In what district did A. Carl Prince win election to the city council?
A4: Eighth
Q5: What political organization supported the city council candidacy of A. Carl Prince?
A5: Richmond Crusade for Voters
Alps (Geography and places)

In 1991 a mummy of a neolithic body, known as Ötzi the Iceman, was discovered by hikers on the Similaun glacier. His clothing and gear indicate that he lived in an alpine farming community, while the location and manner of his death - an arrowhead was discovered in his shoulder - suggests he was travelling from one place to another. Analysis of the mitochondrial DNA of Ötzi, has shown that he belongs to the K1 subclade which cannot be categorized into any of the three modern branches of that subclade. The new subclade has provisionally been named K1ö for Ötzi.

Q1: Who was Otzi the Iceman?
A1: a mummy of a neolithic body
Q2: When was Otzi the Iceman found?
A2: In 1991
Q3: Where was Otzi the Iceman discovered?
A3: the Similaun glacier
Friedrich_Hayek (Social sciences and society)

In 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a "lifetime of looking beyond the horizon". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany, and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am Walde cemetery in the northern outskirts of Vienna according to the Catholic rite. In 2011, his article The Use of Knowledge in Society was selected as one of the top 20 articles published in the American Economic Review during its first 100 years.

Q1: What was the reason given for Hayek's 1991 award from the President?
A1: a "lifetime of looking beyond the horizon"
Q2: Which President presented the award to Hayek?
A2: George H. W. Bush
Q3: Where was Hayek when he died?
A3: Freiburg, Germany
Q4: Where was Hayek buried in relation to his home town of Vienna?
A4: northern outskirts
Q5: Where was The Use of Knowledge in Society published?
A5: American Economic Review
LaserDisc (Engineering and technology)

In 1991, several manufacturers announced specifications for what would become known as MUSE LaserDisc, representing a span of almost 15 years until the feats of this HD analog optical disc system would finally be duplicated digitally by HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc. Encoded using NHK's MUSE "Hi-Vision" analogue TV system, MUSE discs would operate like standard LaserDiscs but would contain high-definition 1,125-line (1,035 visible lines) (Sony HDVS) video with a 5:3 aspect ratio. The MUSE players were also capable of playing standard NTSC format discs and are superior in performance to non-MUSE players even with these NTSC discs. The MUSE-capable players had several noteworthy advantages over standard LaserDisc players, including a red laser with a much narrower wavelength than the lasers found in standard players. The red laser was capable of reading through disc defects such as scratches and even mild disc rot that would cause most other players to stop, stutter or drop-out. Crosstalk was not an issue with MUSE discs, and the narrow wavelength of the laser allowed for the virtual elimination of crosstalk with normal discs.

Q1: With what operating ratio would MUSE Discs operate?
A1: 5:3
Q2: What benefits did the MUSE narrow wavelength red laser have?
A2: capable of reading through disc defects such as scratches and even mild disc rot that would cause most other players to stop, stutter or drop-out
Q3: In addition to scratches and rot, what other common LaserDisc issue was to be eliminated by MUSE discs?
A3: Crosstalk
Q4: How many years did it take Blu-ray and HD-DVD players to duplicate MUSE technology?
A4: almost 15 years
MP3 (Engineering and technology)

In 1991, there were only two proposals available that could be completely assessed for an MPEG audio standard: Musicam (Masking pattern adapted Universal Subband Integrated Coding And Multiplexing) and ASPEC (Adaptive Spectral Perceptual Entropy Coding). The Musicam technique, as proposed by Philips (the Netherlands), CCETT (France) and Institut für Rundfunktechnik (Germany) was chosen due to its simplicity and error robustness, as well as its low computational power associated with the encoding of high quality compressed audio. The Musicam format, based on sub-band coding, was the basis of the MPEG Audio compression format (sampling rates, structure of frames, headers, number of samples per frame).

Q1: How many proposals were available in 1991?
A1: two
Q2: Other than ASPEC what was another proposal?
A2: Musicam
Q3: The Musicam format was proposed by Philips, based in which country?
A3: Netherlands
Q4: Which other quality alongside simplicty was key in selecting this proposal?
A4: error robustness
Q5: What was the Musican format based on?
A5: sub-band coding
Madonna_(entertainer) (Music)

In 1992, Madonna had a role in A League of Their Own as Mae Mordabito, a baseball player on an all-women's team. She recorded the film's theme song, "This Used to Be My Playground", which became a Hot 100 number one hit. The same year, she founded her own entertainment company, Maverick, consisting of a record company (Maverick Records), a film production company (Maverick Films), and associated music publishing, television broadcasting, book publishing and merchandising divisions. The deal was a joint venture with Time Warner and paid Madonna an advance of $60 million. It gave her 20% royalties from the music proceedings, one of the highest rates in the industry, equaled at that time only by Michael Jackson's royalty rate established a year earlier with Sony. The first release from the venture was Madonna's book, titled Sex. It consisted of sexually provocative and explicit images, photographed by Steven Meisel. The book received strong negative reaction from the media and the general public, but sold 1.5 million copies at $50 each in a matter of days. At the same time she released her fifth studio album, Erotica, which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200. Its title track peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100. Erotica also produced five singles: "Deeper and Deeper", "Bad Girl", "Fever", "Rain" and "Bye Bye Baby". Madonna had provocative imagery featured in the erotic thriller, Body of Evidence, a film which contained scenes of sadomasochism and bondage. It was poorly received by critics. She also starred in the film Dangerous Game, which was released straight to video in North America. The New York Times described the film as "angry and painful, and the pain feels real."

Q1: Who did Madonna play in the role A League Of Their Own?
A1: Mae Mordabito
Q2: What is the film's theme song?
A2: This Used to Be My Playground
Q3: When did Madonna open her own entertainment company, Maverick?
A3: 1992
Q4: How much was the royalties paid to Madonna for the music proceedings?
A4: 20%
Q5: What was the name of the erotic thriller that shows scenes of sadomasochism and bondage?
A5: Body of Evidence
Arnold_Schwarzenegger (Media and drama)

In 1992, Schwarzenegger and his wife opened a restaurant in Santa Monica called Schatzi On Main. Schatzi literally means "little treasure," colloquial for "honey" or "darling" in German. In 1998, he sold his restaurant.

Q1: What's the name of the restaurant Schwarzenegger opened with his wife?
A1: Schatzi On Main
Q2: Where is the Schwarzenegger restaurant located?
A2: Santa Monica
Q3: What is the literal translation of the word "schatzi"?
A3: little treasure
Q4: What year did Schwarzenegger sell Schatzi on Main?
A4: 1998
Israel (History)

In 1992, Yitzhak Rabin became Prime Minister following an election in which his party called for compromise with Israel's neighbors. The following year, Shimon Peres on behalf of Israel, and Mahmoud Abbas for the PLO, signed the Oslo Accords, which gave the Palestinian National Authority the right to govern parts of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. The PLO also recognized Israel's right to exist and pledged an end to terrorism. In 1994, the Israel–Jordan Treaty of Peace was signed, making Jordan the second Arab country to normalize relations with Israel. Arab public support for the Accords was damaged by the continuation of Israeli settlements and checkpoints, and the deterioration of economic conditions. Israeli public support for the Accords waned as Israel was struck by Palestinian suicide attacks. Finally, while leaving a peace rally in November 1995, Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated by a far-right-wing Jew who opposed the Accords.

Q1: Who became the Prime Minister in 1992?
A1: Yitzhak Rabin
Q2: When was the Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace signed?
A2: 1994
Q3: When was Yitzhak Rabin assassinated?
A3: November 1995