LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Somerset
Topic: Geography and places

Along with the rest of South West England, Somerset has a temperate climate which is generally wetter and milder than the rest of the country. The annual mean temperature is approximately 10 °C (50.0 °F). Seasonal temperature variation is less extreme than most of the United Kingdom because of the adjacent sea temperatures. The summer months of July and August are the warmest with mean daily maxima of approximately 21 °C (69.8 °F). In winter mean minimum temperatures of 1 °C (33.8 °F) or 2 °C (35.6 °F) are common. In the summer the Azores high pressure affects the south-west of England, but convective cloud sometimes forms inland, reducing the number of hours of sunshine. Annual sunshine rates are slightly less than the regional average of 1,600 hours. In December 1998 there were 20 days without sun recorded at Yeovilton. Most the rainfall in the south-west is caused by Atlantic depressions or by convection. Most of the rainfall in autumn and winter is caused by the Atlantic depressions, which is when they are most active. In summer, a large proportion of the rainfall is caused by sun heating the ground leading to convection and to showers and thunderstorms. Average rainfall is around 700 mm (28 in). About 8–15 days of snowfall is typical. November to March have the highest mean wind speeds, and June to August the lightest winds. The predominant wind direction is from the south-west.

Q1: What is the somerset climate like 
A1: a temperate climate which is generally wetter and milder than the rest of the country
Q2: The annual sunshine rate of somerset 
A2: Annual sunshine rates are slightly less than the regional average of 1,600 hours
Q3: How many days of snow on average 
A3: About 8–15 days of snowfall is typical
Q4: The average rainfall level of somerset 
A4: Average rainfall is around 700 mm (28 in)
Title: Somalis
Topic: Geography and places

Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Court, and suspended the constitution.

Q1: Along with Jama Korshel, who led the Supreme Revolutionary Council?
A1: Salaad Gabeyre Kediye
Q2: What was Jama Korshel's title?
A2: Chief of Police
Q3: What was the military rank of Salaad Gabeyre Kediye?
A3: Lieutenant Colonel
Q4: What name did the Supreme Revolutionary Council give to Somalia?
A4: the Somali Democratic Republic
Q5: Along with dissolving the Supreme Court and parliament, what action did the Supreme Revolutionary Council take?
A5: suspended the constitution
Title: Iran
Topic: Geography and places

Alongside the capital, the most popular tourist destinations are Isfahan, Mashhad and Shiraz. In the early 2000s, the industry faced serious limitations in infrastructure, communications, industry standards and personnel training. The majority of the 300,000 tourist visas granted in 2003 were obtained by Asian Muslims, who presumably intended to visit important pilgrimage sites in Mashhad and Qom. Several organized tours from Germany, France and other European countries come to Iran annually to visit archaeological sites and monuments. In 2003, Iran ranked 68th in tourism revenues worldwide. According to UNESCO and the deputy head of research for Iran Travel and Tourism Organization (ITTO), Iran is rated 4th among the top 10 destinations in the Middle East. Domestic tourism in Iran is one of the largest in the world. Weak advertising, unstable regional conditions, a poor public image in some parts of the world, and absence of efficient planning schemes in the tourism sector have all hindered the growth of tourism.

Q1: What does Teheran, Isfahan, Mashhad, and Shiraz have in common?
A1: the most popular tourist destinations
Q2: How many tourist visas were granted in 2003?
A2: 300,000
Q3: Which group made up the majority of granted tourist visas in 2003?
A3: Asian Muslims
Q4: In 2003, what was Iran's worldwide rank in tourism revenues?
A4: ranked 68th
Q5: What was Iran's rank in the top 10 Middle East destinations according to UNESCO?
A5: rated 4th
Title: Light-emitting_diode
Topic: Engineering and technology

Alphanumeric LEDs are available in seven-segment, starburst and dot-matrix format. Seven-segment displays handle all numbers and a limited set of letters. Starburst displays can display all letters. Dot-matrix displays typically use 5x7 pixels per character. Seven-segment LED displays were in widespread use in the 1970s and 1980s, but rising use of liquid crystal displays, with their lower power needs and greater display flexibility, has reduced the popularity of numeric and alphanumeric LED displays.

Q1: What type of LEDs are available in seven-segment format?
A1: Alphanumeric
Q2: What is another format that Alphanumeric LEDs are available in?
A2: dot-matrix
Q3: Which alphanumeric LED display can display all letters?
A3: Starburst
Q4: What type of pixels does a dot matrix display use?
A4: 5x7
Q5: What has reduced the popularity of numeric LED displays?
A5: liquid crystal displays
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

Alpine crystals have been studied and collected for hundreds of years, and began to be classified in the 18th century. Leonhard Euler studied the shapes of crystals, and by the 19th century crystal hunting was common in Alpine regions. David Friedrich Wiser amassed a collection of 8000 crystals that he studied and documented. In the 20th century Robert Parker wrote a well-known work about the rock crystals of the Swiss Alps; at the same period a commission was established to control and standardize the naming of Alpine minerals.

Q1: How long have Alpine crystals been studied and collected? 
A1: hundreds of years
Q2: When did the alpine crystals begin to be classified? 
A2: the 18th century
Q3: Who studied the shapes of crystals? 
A3: Leonhard Euler
Q4: By the 19th century what was common in the Alpine regions?
A4: crystal hunting
Q5: Who amassed a collection 8000 crystals?
A5: David Friedrich Wiser
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

Alpine glaciers can be straight rivers of ice, long sweeping rivers, spread in a fan-like shape (Piedmont glaciers), and curtains of ice that hang from vertical slopes of the mountain peaks. The stress of the movement causes the ice to break and crack loudly, perhaps explaining why the mountains were believed to be home to dragons in the medieval period. The cracking creates unpredictable and dangerous crevasses, often invisible under new snowfall, which cause the greatest danger to mountaineers.

Q1: How do Piedmont glaciers appear?
A1: spread in a fan-like shape
Q2: What causes the ice to break and crack loudly?
A2: The stress of the movement
Q3: What does the cracking of the ice create?
A3: unpredictable and dangerous crevasses
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

Alpine plants such the Alpine gentian grow in abundance in areas such as the meadows above the Lauterbrunnental. Gentians are named after the Illyrian king Gentius, and 40 species of the early-spring blooming flower grow in the Alps, in a range of 1,500 to 2,400 m (4,921 to 7,874 ft). Writing about the gentians in Switzerland D. H. Lawrence described them as "darkening the day-time, torch-like with the smoking blueness of Pluto's gloom." Gentians tend to "appear" repeatedly as the spring blooming takes place at progressively later dates, moving from the lower altitude to the higher altitude meadows where the snow melts much later than in the valleys. On the highest rocky ledges the spring flowers bloom in the summer.

Q1: What grows in abundance in areas such as the meadows above the Lauterbrunnental?
A1: Alpine plants such the Alpine gentian
Q2: What are Gentians named after?
A2: the Illyrian king Gentius
Q3: How many species of the early-spring blooming flower grow in the Alps?
A3: 40 species
Title: Switzerland
Topic: Geography and places

Alpine symbolism has played an essential role in shaping the history of the country and the Swiss national identity. Nowadays some concentrated mountain areas have a strong highly energetic ski resort culture in winter, and a hiking (ger: das Wandern) or Mountain biking culture in summer. Other areas throughout the year have a recreational culture that caters to tourism, yet the quieter seasons are spring and autumn when there are fewer visitors. A traditional farmer and herder culture also predominates in many areas and small farms are omnipresent outside the cities. Folk art is kept alive in organisations all over the country. In Switzerland it is mostly expressed in music, dance, poetry, wood carving and embroidery. The alphorn, a trumpet-like musical instrument made of wood, has become alongside yodeling and the accordion an epitome of traditional Swiss music.

Q1: What symbolism has played an important role in shaping the history of Switzerland?
A1: Alpine
Q2: What highly energetic culture is in some concentrated mountain areas in the winter?
A2: ski resort culture
Q3: What is the name of the trumpet like musical instrument made of wood has become the epitome of traditional Swiss music?
A3: alphorn
Q4: What traditional culture predominates in many areas of small farms?
A4: farmer and herder culture
Title: Alsace
Topic: History

Alsace is one of the most conservative régions of France. It is one of just two régions in metropolitan France where the conservative right won the 2004 région elections and thus controls the Alsace Regional Council. Conservative leader Nicolas Sarkozy got his best score in Alsace (over 65%) in the second round of the French presidential elections of 2007. The president of the Regional Council is Philippe Richert, a member of the Union for a Popular Movement, elected in the 2010 regional election. The frequently changing status of the région throughout history has left its mark on modern day politics in terms of a particular interest in national identity issues. Alsace is also one of the most pro-EU regions of France. It was one of the few French regions that voted 'yes' to the European Constitution in 2005.

Q1: Which conservative leader in 2007 received the best score during the second round of elections?
A1: Nicolas Sarkozy
Q2: Who is the president of the regional counsel?
A2: Philippe Richert
Q3: Alsace was one of the few to vote for this measure from France, what was it?
A3: European Constitution in 2005
Title: Alsace
Topic: History

Alsace-Lorraine was occupied by Germany in 1940 during the Second World War. Although Germany never formally annexed Alsace-Lorraine, it was incorporated into the Greater German Reich, which had been restructured into Reichsgaue. Alsace was merged with Baden, and Lorraine with the Saarland, to become part of a planned Westmark. During the war, 130,000 young men from Alsace and Lorraine were inducted into the German army against their will (malgré-nous) and in some cases, the Waffen SS. Some of the latter were involved in war crimes such as the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre. Most of them perished on the eastern front. The few that could escape fled to Switzerland or joined the resistance. In July 1944, 1500 malgré-nous were released from Soviet captivity and sent to Algiers, where they joined the Free French Forces.

Q1: What year was Alsace-Lorraine occupied by Germany?
A1: 1940
Q2: Approximately how many Alsace and Lorraine men were forced into the German army during World War II?
A2: 130,000
Q3: Which group of people were released by the Russians to Algiers?
A3: malgré-nous
Title: Post-punk
Topic: Music

Also emerging during this period was New York's no wave movement, a short-lived art and music scene that began in part as a reaction against punk's recycling of traditionalist rock tropes and often reflected an abrasive, confrontational and nihilistic worldview. No wave musicians such as the Contortions, Teenage Jesus and the Jerks, Mars, DNA, Theoretical Girls and Rhys Chatham instead experimented with noise, dissonance and atonality in addition to non-rock styles. The former four groups were included on the Eno-produced No New York compilation, often considered the quintessential testament to the scene. The no wave-affiliated label ZE Records was founded in 1978, and would also produce acclaimed and influential compilations in subsequent years.

Q1: What type of worldview did New York's no wave movement tend to have?
A1: nihilistic
Q2: The Contortions, Teenage Jesus and the Jerks were all musicians part of what movement?
A2: No wave
Q3: Who produced the compilation "No New York"?
A3: Eno
Q4: What no wave-affiliated label was founded in 1978?
A4: ZE Records
Q5: In addition to non-rock styles, what did some of the no-wave groups experiment with sonically?
A5: noise, dissonance and atonality
Q6: What was no wave?
A6: a short-lived art and music scene that began in part as a reaction against punk's recycling of traditionalist rock tropes
Q7: What type of a view did no wave have?
A7: an abrasive, confrontational and nihilistic
Q8: What types of musicians were the Contortions, Teenage Jesus and the Jerks, Mars, DNA, Theoretical Girls and Rhys Chatham?
A8: No wave
Q9: When was ZE Records founded?
A9: 1978
Q10: What was considered the true portrait of the no wave movement?
A10: No New York
Title: Detroit
Topic: Geography and places

Also founded in 1935 and based in Detroit the Michigan Chronicle is one of the oldest and most respected African-American weekly newspapers in America. Covering politics, entertainment, sports and community events. The Detroit television market is the 11th largest in the United States; according to estimates that do not include audiences located in large areas of Ontario, Canada (Windsor and its surrounding area on broadcast and cable TV, as well as several other cable markets in Ontario, such as the city of Ottawa) which receive and watch Detroit television stations.

Q1: What newspaper was founded in 1935?
A1: Michigan Chronicle
Q2: How is Detroit's TV market ranked?
A2: 11th largest
Q3: How often does the Michigan Chronicle publish?
A3: weekly
Q4: What province of Canada is a large consumer of Detroit programming?
A4: Ontario
Title: Friedrich_Hayek
Topic: Social sciences and society

Also in 1931, Hayek critiqued Keynes's Treatise on Money (1930) in his "Reflections on the pure theory of Mr. J. M. Keynes" and published his lectures at the LSE in book form as Prices and Production. Unemployment and idle resources are, for Keynes, caused by a lack of effective demand; for Hayek, they stem from a previous, unsustainable episode of easy money and artificially low interest rates. Keynes asked his friend Piero Sraffa to respond. Sraffa elaborated on the effect of inflation-induced "forced savings" on the capital sector and about the definition of a "natural" interest rate in a growing economy. Others who responded negatively to Hayek's work on the business cycle included John Hicks, Frank Knight, and Gunnar Myrdal. Kaldor later wrote that Hayek's Prices and Production had produced "a remarkable crop of critics" and that the total number of pages in British and American journals dedicated to the resulting debate "could rarely have been equalled in the economic controversies of the past."

Q1: Hayek's critical analysis of Keyne's work was published under what title?
A1: Prices and Production
Q2: Apart from easy money, what did Hayek believe unemployment was caused by?
A2: artificially low interest rates
Q3: Who did Keynes turn to for assistance in arguing his point to Hayek?
A3: Piero Sraffa
Q4: According to Nicholas Kaldor, what had Hayek's book created?
A4: "a remarkable crop of critics"
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Topic: Media and drama

Also in 2005, Spielberg directed a modern adaptation of War of the Worlds (a co-production of Paramount and DreamWorks), based on the H. G. Wells book of the same name (Spielberg had been a huge fan of the book and the original 1953 film). It starred Tom Cruise and Dakota Fanning, and, as with past Spielberg films, Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) provided the visual effects. Unlike E.T. and Close Encounters of the Third Kind, which depicted friendly alien visitors, War of the Worlds featured violent invaders. The film was another huge box office smash, grossing over $591 million worldwide.

Q1: Which studios produced Spielberg's 'War of the Worlds'?
A1: Paramount and DreamWorks
Q2: Who wrote the 'War of the Worlds' book?
A2: H. G. Wells
Q3: When was the first 'War of the Worlds' movie released?
A3: 1953
Q4: Who did the visual effects for 'War of the Worlds'?
A4: Industrial Light & Magic
Q5: How much did 'War of the Worlds' earn?
A5: over $591 million worldwide
Title: Montevideo
Topic: Geography and places

Also in Carrasco is The British Schools of Montevideo, one of the oldest educational institutions in the country, established in 1908.[citation needed] Its original purpose was to give Uruguayan children a complete education, on par with the best schools of the United Kingdom and to establish strong bonds between the British and Uruguayan children living in the country. The School is governed by the Board of Governors, elected by the British Schools Society in Uruguay, whose honorary president is the British Ambassador to Uruguay. Prominent alumni include former government ministers Pedro Bordaberry Herrán and Gabriel Gurméndez Armand-Ugon.

Q1: Where is the British Schools of Montevideo located?
A1: Carrasco
Q2: When was the British Schools of Montevideo established?
A2: 1908
Q3: What was the British Schools of Montevideo original purpose?
A3: to give Uruguayan children a complete education
Title: Sony_Music_Entertainment
Topic: Music

Also in late 1965, the Date subsidiary label was revived. This label released the first string of hits for Peaches & Herb and scored a few minor hits from various other artists. Date's biggest success was "Time of the Season" by the Zombies, peaking at #2 in 1969. The label was discontinued in 1970.

Q1: Date Records gave rise to the group "Peaches and Herb" in what year?
A1: 1965
Q2: Date Records released what major success in 1969?
A2: "Time of the Season" by the Zombies
Q3: What place on the charts did Date Records' big success land on?
A3: #2
Q4: Despite the success, in what year did Date Records cease to exist?
A4: 1970
Title: Gramophone_record
Topic: Music

Also in the late 1970s, "direct-to-disc" records were produced, aimed at an audiophile niche market. These completely bypassed the use of magnetic tape in favor of a "purist" transcription directly to the master lacquer disc. Also during this period, half-speed mastered and "original master" records were released, using expensive state-of-the-art technology. A further late 1970s development was the Disco Eye-Cued system used mainly on Motown 12-inch singles released between 1978 and 1980. The introduction, drum-breaks, or choruses of a track were indicated by widely separated grooves, giving a visual cue to DJs mixing the records. The appearance of these records is similar to an LP, but they only contain one track each side.

Q1: How did Disco Eye-Cued system benefit DJs?
A1: visual cue to DJs mixing the records
Q2: How did Disco Eye-Cued sysems differ from LPs?
A2: only contain one track each side
Q3: When was the Disco Eye-Cued System developed?
A3: late 1970s
Q4: What were direct to disc recordings expected to product?
A4: a "purist" transcription
Q5: When were 'half speed' and 'digitally remastered' recordings being released?
A5: late 1970s
Title: Cubism
Topic: Art and architecture

Also labeled an Orphist by Apollinaire, Marcel Duchamp was responsible for another extreme development inspired by Cubism. The ready-made arose from a joint consideration that the work itself is considered an object (just as a painting), and that it uses the material detritus of the world (as collage and papier collé in the Cubist construction and Assemblage). The next logical step, for Duchamp, was to present an ordinary object as a self-sufficient work of art representing only itself. In 1913 he attached a bicycle wheel to a kitchen stool and in 1914 selected a bottle-drying rack as a sculpture in its own right.

Q1: By whom was Marcel Duchamp labeled an Orphanist? 
A1: Apollinaire
Q2: What two items did Duchamp attach together in 1913? 
A2: a bicycle wheel to a kitchen stool
Q3: What object did Duchamp select in 1914 as a scuplture by itself? 
A3: bottle-drying rack
Title: Montevideo
Topic: Geography and places

Also of major note in Ciudad Vieja is the Plaza de la Constitución (or Plaza Matriz). During the first decades of Uruguayan independence this square was the main hub of city life. On the square are the Cabildo—the seat of colonial government—and the Montevideo Metropolitan Cathedral. The cathedral is the burial place of Fructuoso Rivera, Juan Antonio Lavalleja and Venancio Flores. Another notable square is Plaza Zabala with the equestrian statue of Bruno Mauricio de Zabala. On its south side, Palacio Taranco, once residence of the Ortiz Taranco brothers, is now the Museum of Decorative Arts. A few blocks northwest of Plaza Zabala is the Mercado del Puerto, another major tourist destination.

Q1: What is also a major note in Ciudad Vieja?
A1: Plaza de la Constitución
Q2: What is the Cabildo?
A2: the seat of colonial government
Q3: What is the burial place of Fructuoso Rivera?
A3: Montevideo Metropolitan Cathedral
Q4: Where is the equestrian statue of Bruno Mauricio de Zabala located? 
A4: Plaza Zabala
Title: Tucson,_Arizona
Topic: Geography and places

Also on the north side is the suburban community of Catalina Foothills, located in the foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of the city limits. This community includes among the area's most expensive homes, sometimes multimillion-dollar estates. The Foothills area is generally defined as north of River Road, east of Oracle Road, and west of Sabino Creek. Some of the Tucson area's major resorts are located in the Catalina Foothills, including the Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort. La Encantada, an upscale outdoor shopping mall, is also in the Foothills.

Q1: What is the Foothills west of?
A1: Sabino Creek
Q2: Where are some of the major resorts of Tuscon?
A2: Catalina Foothills
Q3: What is the Foothills east of?
A3: Oracle Road
Q4: What is La Encantada?
A4: upscale outdoor shopping mall
Q5: What community is north of Tucson's city limits?
A5: Catalina Foothills
Q6: Where are the most expensive homes in the Tucson metro area?
A6: Catalina Foothills
Q7: What is the southern edge of the Catalina Foothills area?
A7: River Road
Q8: What outdoor mall is in Catalina Foothills?
A8: La Encantada
Q9: Which big resorts are in Catalina Foothills?
A9: Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

Also referred to as the Panhandle or Inside Passage, this is the region of Alaska closest to the rest of the United States. As such, this was where most of the initial non-indigenous settlement occurred in the years following the Alaska Purchase. The region is dominated by the Alexander Archipelago as well as the Tongass National Forest, the largest national forest in the United States. It contains the state capital Juneau, the former capital Sitka, and Ketchikan, at one time Alaska's largest city. The Alaska Marine Highway provides a vital surface transportation link throughout the area, as only three communities (Haines, Hyder and Skagway) enjoy direct connections to the contiguous North American road system.

Q1: Which forest is the largest national forest in the US?
A1: Tongass National Forest
Q2: Which city was Alaska's former capital?
A2: Sitka
Q3: What is the area closest to the continental US called?
A3: Panhandle or Inside Passage
Q4: Where did most settlement occur after the Louisiana Purchase?
A4: Panhandle or Inside Passage
Title: Intellectual_property
Topic: History

Also with respect to copyright, the American film industry helped to change the social construct of intellectual property via its trade organization, the Motion Picture Association of America. In amicus briefs in important cases, in lobbying before Congress, and in its statements to the public, the MPAA has advocated strong protection of intellectual-property rights. In framing its presentations, the association has claimed that people are entitled to the property that is produced by their labor. Additionally Congress's awareness of the position of the United States as the world's largest producer of films has made it convenient to expand the conception of intellectual property. These doctrinal reforms have further strengthened the industry, lending the MPAA even more power and authority.

Q1: What is the American film industry's trade organization?
A1: Motion Picture Association of America
Q2: The Motion Picture Association of America is which industry's trade organization?
A2: film
Q3: Which country is the world's largest producer of films?
A3: United States
Q4: The MPAA has advocated strong protection of what kind of rights?
A4: intellectual-property
Title: Department_store
Topic: Social sciences and society

Also, Kendals in Manchester can lay claim to being one of the oldest department stores in the UK. Beginning as a small shop owned by S. and J. Watts in 1796, its sold a variety of goods. Kendal Milne and Faulkner purchased the business in 1835. Expanding the space, rather than use it as a typical warehouse simply to showcase textiles, it became a vast bazaar. Serving Manchester's upmarket clientele for over 200 years, it was taken over by House of Fraser and recently rebranded as House of Fraser Manchester – although most Mancunians still refer to it as Kendals. The Kendal Milne signage still remains over the main entrance to the art deco building in the city's Deansgate.

Q1: Who purchased a small shop in 1835, which would eventually become Kendals?
A1: Kendal Milne and Faulkner
Q2: Where was the store located? 
A2: Manchester
Q3: How long did the store operate for? 
A3: over 200 years
Q4: Who eventually purchased and assumed operation of the store? 
A4: House of Fraser
Title: Professional_wrestling
Topic: Sports and recreation

Also, anything that can be used as an element of drama can exist in professional wrestling stories: romantic relationships (including love triangles and marriage), racism, classism, nepotism, favoritism, corporate corruption, family bonds, personal histories, grudges, theft, cheating, assault, betrayal, bribery, seduction, stalking, confidence tricks, extortion, blackmail, substance abuse, self-doubt, self-sacrifice; even kidnapping, sexual fetishism, necrophilia, misogyny, rape and death have been portrayed in wrestling. Some promotions have included supernatural elements such as magic, curses, the undead and Satanic imagery (most notably The Undertaker and his Ministry of Darkness, a stable that regularly performed evil rituals and human sacrifice in Satanic-like worship of a hidden power figure). Celebrities would also be involved in storylines.

Q1: What supernatural things have been portrayed in matches?
A1: magic, curses, the undead and Satanic imagery
Q2: What can be used in a wrestling story? 
A2: anything that can be used as an element of drama
Q3: What romantic drama might be used in a story? 
A3: love triangles and marriage
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Also, other human rights were advocated for by some Protestants. For example, torture was abolished in Prussia in 1740, slavery in Britain in 1834 and in the United States in 1865 (William Wilberforce, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Abraham Lincoln - against Southern Protestants). Hugo Grotius and Samuel Pufendorf were among the first thinkers who made significant contributions to international law. The Geneva Convention, an important part of humanitarian international law, was largely the work of Henry Dunant, a reformed pietist. He also founded the Red Cross.

Q1: When did Prussia stop torture?
A1: 1740
Q2: When did Britain end slavery?
A2: 1834
Q3: Who were the first men to make large contributions to international law?
A3: Hugo Grotius and Samuel Pufendorf
Q4: Who founded the Red Cross?
A4: Henry Dunant
Q5: What international law was Henry Dunant mostly responsible for?
A5: The Geneva Convention
Title: Szlachta
Topic: History

Also, the tradition of differentiating between the coat of arms proper and a lozenge granted to women did not develop in Poland. Usually men inherited the coat of arms from their fathers. Also, the brisure was rarely used.

Q1: What was rarely used?
A1: brisure
Q2: Where did the  coat of arms proper and a lozenge granted to women not develoupe?
A2: Poland
Q3: Where did men get their coat of arms usually?
A3: their fathers
Title: Political_corruption
Topic: Social sciences and society

Alternative approaches, such as the British aid agency's Drivers of Change research, skips numbers and promotes understanding corruption via political economy analysis of who controls power in a given society.

Q1: What is the British aid agency's research called?
A1: Drivers of Change
Q2: What does Drivers of Change skip?
A2: numbers
Q3: What does Drivers of Change promote?
A3: understanding corruption
Title: Slavs
Topic: History

Alternative proposals for the etymology of *Slověninъ propounded by some scholars have much less support. Lozinski argues that the word *slava once had the meaning of worshipper, in this context meaning "practicer of a common Slavic religion," and from that evolved into an ethnonym. S.B. Bernstein speculates that it derives from a reconstructed Proto-Indo-European *(s)lawos, cognate to Ancient Greek λαός laós "population, people," which itself has no commonly accepted etymology. Meanwhile, others have pointed out that the suffix -enin indicates a man from a certain place, which in this case should be a place called Slova or Slava, possibly a river name. The Old East Slavic Slavuta for the Dnieper River was argued by Henrich Bartek (1907–1986) to be derived from slova and also the origin of Slovene.

Q1: Who argues that the word *slava once had the meaning of worshipper?
A1: Lozinski
Q2: Who speculates that *slava derives from a reconstructed Proto-Indo-European *(s)lawos?
A2: S.B. Bernstein
Q3: The suffix -enin indicates what?
A3: a man from a certain place
Q4: Who argued that the Old East Slavic Slavuta for the Dnieper River was derived from slova?
A4: Henrich Bartek
Title: Federalism
Topic: History

Alternatively, or in addition to this practice, the members of an upper house may be indirectly elected by the government or legislature of the component states, as occurred in the United States prior to 1913, or be actual members or delegates of the state governments, as, for example, is the case in the German Bundesrat and in the Council of the European Union. The lower house of a federal legislature is usually directly elected, with apportionment in proportion to population, although states may sometimes still be guaranteed a certain minimum number of seats.

Q1: Who can elect the members of the upper house? 
A1: government or legislature
Q2: Can the members of the upper house be elected directly or indirectly? 
A2: indirectly
Q3: Can the members of the lower house be elected directly or indirectly? 
A3: directly
Title: Pesticide
Topic: Natural sciences

Alternatives to pesticides are available and include methods of cultivation, use of biological pest controls (such as pheromones and microbial pesticides), genetic engineering, and methods of interfering with insect breeding. Application of composted yard waste has also been used as a way of controlling pests. These methods are becoming increasingly popular and often are safer than traditional chemical pesticides. In addition, EPA is registering reduced-risk conventional pesticides in increasing numbers.

Q1: What is one thing that can be used in place of pesticides?
A1: methods of cultivation
Q2: What natural product can be used to control pests?
A2: composted yard waste
Q3: Why are alternative methods of pest control gaining popularity?
A3: safer than traditional chemical pesticides
Q4: What agency has offered acceptance of safer pesticides?
A4: EPA
Q5: What is one non chemical way of dealing with pests?
A5: interfering with insect breeding
Title: Pub
Topic: History

Although "British" pubs found outside of Britain and its former colonies are often themed bars owing little to the original British pub, a number of "true" pubs may be found around the world.

Q1: What would be a more accurate classification for many "British" pubs found outside Britain?
A1: themed bars
Title: Buddhism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Although "Nibbāna" (Sanskrit: Nirvāna) is the common term for the desired goal of this practice, many other terms can be found throughout the Nikayas, which are not specified.[note 35]

Q1: What is the Sanskrit form of Nibbana?
A1: Nirvāna
Q2: Many terms for Nibbana can be found throughout the what?
A2: Nikayas
Q3: The desired goal for buddhism is what?
A3: Nirvāna
Title: Dominican_Order
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Although Albertus Magnus did much to instill mysticism in the Order of Preachers, it is a concept that reaches back to the Hebrew Bible. In the tradition of Holy Writ, the impossibility of coming face to face with God is a recurring motif, thus the commandment against graven images (Exodus 20.4-5). As time passed, Jewish and early Christian writings presented the idea of 'unknowing,' where God's presence was enveloped in a dark cloud. These images arose out of a confusing mass of ambiguous and ambivalent statements regarding the nature of God and man's relationship to Him.

Q1: The search for mysticism in the Dominican Order goes back to what?
A1: Hebrew Bible
Q2: What is the Holy Writ?
A2: Bible
Q3: Who wanted to put mysticism into the Dominican Order?
A3: Albertus Magnus
Q4: Whose writings introduced the idea of 'unknowing' to the Order of Preachers?
A4: Jewish and early Christian writings
Title: Alexander_Graham_Bell
Topic: Engineering and technology

Although Alexander Graham Bell is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, his interests were extremely varied. According to one of his biographers, Charlotte Gray, Bell's work ranged "unfettered across the scientific landscape" and he often went to bed voraciously reading the Encyclopædia Britannica, scouring it for new areas of interest. The range of Bell's inventive genius is represented only in part by the 18 patents granted in his name alone and the 12 he shared with his collaborators. These included 14 for the telephone and telegraph, four for the photophone, one for the phonograph, five for aerial vehicles, four for "hydroairplanes" and two for selenium cells. Bell's inventions spanned a wide range of interests and included a metal jacket to assist in breathing, the audiometer to detect minor hearing problems, a device to locate icebergs, investigations on how to separate salt from seawater, and work on finding alternative fuels.

Q1: What series of books does Gray say Bell would go to sleep reading?
A1: Encyclopædia Britannica
Q2: How many solo patents did Bell get?
A2: 18
Q3: How many patents did Bell co-author?
A3: 12
Title: Alexander_Graham_Bell
Topic: Engineering and technology

Although Bell was, and still is, accused of stealing the telephone from Gray, Bell used Gray's water transmitter design only after Bell's patent had been granted, and only as a proof of concept scientific experiment, to prove to his own satisfaction that intelligible "articulate speech" (Bell's words) could be electrically transmitted. After March 1876, Bell focused on improving the electromagnetic telephone and never used Gray's liquid transmitter in public demonstrations or commercial use.

Q1: Bell implemented Gray's design as a what?
A1: proof of concept
Q2: Bell stopped using the liquid-based method after what month?
A2: March
Q3: Bell used his own design in all public demonstrations and what?
A3: commercial use
Title: East_Prussia
Topic: History

Although Brandenburg was a part of the Holy Roman Empire, the Prussian lands were not within the Holy Roman Empire and were with the administration by the Teutonic Order grandmasters under jurisdiction of the Emperor. In return for supporting Emperor Leopold I in the War of the Spanish Succession, Elector Frederick III was allowed to crown himself "King in Prussia" in 1701. The new kingdom ruled by the Hohenzollern dynasty became known as the Kingdom of Prussia. The designation "Kingdom of Prussia" was gradually applied to the various lands of Brandenburg-Prussia. To differentiate from the larger entity, the former Duchy of Prussia became known as Altpreußen ("Old Prussia"), the province of Prussia, or "East Prussia".

Q1: Brandenburg was part of what dominating force?
A1: Holy Roman Empire
Q2: What jurisdiction was the Prussian lands under?
A2: Teutonic Order
Q3: Who elected there self as King of Prussia in 1701?
A3: Frederick III
Q4: What did the former Duchy of Prussia become known as?
A4: Altpreußen ("Old Prussia")
Title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Although Calvin and Huldrych Zwingli honored Mary as the Mother of God in the 16th century, they did so less than Martin Luther. Thus the idea of respect and high honor for Mary was not rejected by the first Protestants; but, they came to criticize the Roman Catholics for venerating Mary. Following the Council of Trent in the 16th century, as Marian veneration became associated with Catholics, Protestant interest in Mary decreased. During the Age of the Enlightenment any residual interest in Mary within Protestant churches almost disappeared, although Anglicans and Lutherans continued to honor her.

Q1: For what practice did the first Protestants criticize the Roman Catholics?
A1: venerating Mary
Q2: In which century did the Council of Trent occur?
A2: 16th
Q3: Which Protestant churches still honor Mary?
A3: Anglicans and Lutherans
Q4: During which historical era did Protestant interest in Mary almost disappear?
A4: Age of the Enlightenment
Q5: Marian veneration became associated with which Christians after the Council of Trent?
A5: Catholics
Title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis
Topic: Geography and places

Although Chancellor Wrighton had noted after the 2004 debate that it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility, he subsequently changed his view and the university submitted a bid for the 2008 debates. "These one-of-a-kind events are great experiences for our students, they contribute to a national understanding of important issues, and they allow us to help bring national and international attention to the St. Louis region as one of America's great metropolitan areas," said Wrighton.

Q1: What was Chancellor Wrighton's initial sentiment to hosting another presidential debate at Washington University after 2004?
A1: it would be "improbable" that the university will host another debate and was not eager to commit to the possibility
Q2: What did  Chancellor Wrighton state as one of the reasons for hosting another debate at Washington University?
A2: These one-of-a-kind events are great experiences for our students, they contribute to a national understanding of important issues
Q3: What year did Chancellor Wrighton submit another bid for a presidential debate at Washington University after 2004? 
A3: 2008
Title: Chihuahua_(state)
Topic: History

Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide river valleys. The Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range, an extension of the Rocky Mountains, dominates the state's terrain and is home to the state's greatest attraction, Las Barrancas del Cobre, or Copper Canyon, a canyon system larger and deeper than the Grand Canyon. On the slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains (around the regions of Casas Grandes, Cuauhtémoc and Parral), there are vast prairies of short yellow grass, the source of the bulk of the state's agricultural production. Most of the inhabitants live along the Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley.

Q1: Which state has more forests than Chihuahua?
A1: Durango
Q2: The state of Chihuahua is primarily identified with what type of landscape?
A2: Desert
Q3: The Copper Canyon is deeper than what popular American canyon?
A3: Grand Canyon
Q4: Along which two valleys do most inhabitants of Chihuahua live?
A4: Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley
Q5: The Sierra Madre Occidentals are an extension of which American mountain range?
A5: Rocky Mountains
Title: Chinese_characters
Topic: Language and literature

Although Chinese characters in Vietnam are now limited to ceremonial uses, they were once in widespread use. Until the early 20th century, Literary Chinese was used in Vietnam for all official and scholarly writing. Around the 13th century the Nôm script was developed to record folk literature in the Vietnamese language. The script used Chinese characters to represent both borrowed Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary and native words with similar pronunciation or meaning. In addition thousands of new compound characters were created to write Vietnamese words. This process resulted in a highly complex system that was never mastered by more than 5% of the population. Both Literary Chinese and Nôm were replaced in the early 20th century by Vietnamese written with the Latin-based Vietnamese alphabet.

Q1: What is now limited to ceremonial uses?
A1: Chinese characters in Vietnam
Q2: What were once in widespread use?
A2: Chinese characters in Vietnam
Q3: What was used in schooling?
A3: Literary Chinese
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

Although Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical improvisation, from the Baroque era to the Romantic era, there are examples of performers who could improvise in the style of their era. In the Baroque era, organ performers would improvise preludes, keyboard performers playing harpsichord would improvise chords from the figured bass symbols beneath the bass notes of the basso continuo part and both vocal and instrumental performers would improvise musical ornaments. J.S. Bach was particularly noted for his complex improvisations. During the Classical era, the composer-performer Mozart was noted for his ability to improvise melodies in different styles. During the Classical era, some virtuoso soloists would improvise the cadenza sections of a concerto. During the Romantic era, Beethoven would improvise at the piano. For more information, see Improvisation.

Q1: Classical music in the 2000s has lost most of its tradition for musical what?
A1: improvisation
Q2: In the Baroque era, who would improvise preludes?
A2: organ performers
Q3: Who would improvise musical ornaments in the Baroque era?
A3: instrumental performers
Q4: Who was noted for his complex improvisations?
A4: J.S. Bach
Q5: What was Mozart noted for?
A5: his ability to improvise melodies in different styles
Title: Dominican_Order
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Although Dominic and the early brethren had instituted female Dominican houses at Prouille and other places by 1227, some of the brethren of the order had misgivings about the necessity of female religious establishments in an order whose major purpose was preaching, a duty in which women could not traditionally engage. In spite of these doubts, women's houses dotted the countryside throughout Europe. There were seventy-four Dominican female houses in Germany, forty-two in Italy, nine in France, eight in Spain, six in Bohemia, three in Hungary, and three in Poland. Many of the German religious houses that lodged women had been home to communities of women, such as Beguines, that became Dominican once they were taught by the traveling preachers and put under the jurisdiction of the Dominican authoritative structure. A number of these houses became centers of study and mystical spirituality in the 14th century. There were one hundred and fifty-seven nunneries in the order by 1358. In that year, the number lessened due to disasters like the Black Death.

Q1: Who did some early Dominican followers have trouble reconciling?
A1: female Dominican houses
Q2: Where was one female Dominican house located?
A2: Prouille
Q3: How many female Dominican houses were there in Germany?
A3: seventy-four
Q4: Who were an order of religious women who later converted to Dominican?
A4: Beguines
Q5: How many Dominican nunneries were there by 1358?
A5: one hundred and fifty-seven
Title: Egypt
Topic: Geography and places

Although Egypt was a majority Christian country before the 7th Century, after Islam arrived, the country was slowly Islamified to become a majority Muslim country. Egypt emerged as a centre of politics and culture in the Muslim world. Under Anwar Sadat, Islam became the official state religion and Sharia the main source of law. It is estimated that 15 million Egyptians follow Native Sufi orders, with the Sufi leadership asserting that the numbers are much greater as many Egyptian Sufis are not officially registered with a Sufi order.

Q1: Prior to 7th century, what was primary religion of Egypt?
A1: Christian
Q2: What became the main source of law with increasing Islamic influence in Egypt?
A2: Sharia
Q3: Under what leader did Islam become official religion of Egypt?
A3: Anwar Sadat
Title: England_national_football_team
Topic: Sports and recreation

Although England's first away kits were blue, England's traditional away colours are red shirts, white shorts and red socks. In 1996, England's away kit was changed to grey shirts, shorts and socks. This kit was only worn three times, including against Germany in the semi-final of Euro 96 but the deviation from the traditional red was unpopular with supporters and the England away kit remained red until 2011, when a navy blue away kit was introduced. The away kit is also sometimes worn during home matches, when a new edition has been released to promote it.

Q1: What color were England's first away kits?
A1: blue
Q2: What color are the socks traditionally worn in England's away kits?
A2: red
Q3: Three times in 1996, England wore what color socks in their away kits instead of the traditional red socks?
A3: grey
Q4: In 2011, England introduced a new away kit in what color?
A4: navy blue
Q5: When a new edition of England's away kit has been introduced, the kit is sometimes worn during what type of matches?
A5: home matches
Title: Hard_rock
Topic: Music

Although Foo Fighters continued to be one of the most successful rock acts, with albums like In Your Honor (2005) reaching number two in the US and UK, many of the first wave of post-grunge bands began to fade in popularity. Acts like Creed, Staind, Puddle of Mudd and Nickelback took the genre into the 2000s with considerable commercial success, abandoning most of the angst and anger of the original movement for more conventional anthems, narratives and romantic songs. They were followed in this vein by new acts including Shinedown and Seether. Acts with more conventional hard rock sounds included Andrew W.K., Beautiful Creatures and Buckcherry, whose breakthrough album 15 (2006) went platinum and spawned the single "Sorry" (2007), which made the Top 10 of the Billboard 100. These were joined by bands with hard rock leanings that emerged in the mid-2000s from the garage rock or post punk revival, including Black Rebel Motorcycle Club and Kings of Leon, and Queens of the Stone Age from the US, Three Days Grace from Canada, Jet from Australia and The Datsuns from New Zealand. In 2009 Them Crooked Vultures, a supergroup that brought together Foo Fighters' Dave Grohl, Queens of the Stone Age's Josh Homme and Led Zeppelin bass player John Paul Jones attracted attention as a live act and released a self-titled debut album that reached the top 20 in the US and UK and the top ten in several other countries.

Q1: When did the Foo Fighters album In Your Honor come out?
A1: 2005
Q2: Three Days Grace is from what country?
A2: Canada
Q3: The band Jet is from what country?
A3: Australia
Q4: What supergroup featured members of Foo Fighters, Queens of the Stone Age and Led Zeppelin?
A4: Them Crooked Vultures
Q5: What was the title of Buckcherry's 2007 hit single?
A5: "Sorry"