LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay
Topic: Sports and recreation

Reports on the Delhi relay were similarly distinct. Despite intended torchbearers Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar and Bhaichung Bhutia all withdrawing from the event, the official Chinese website for the relay reported "Indian torchbearers vow to run for spirit of Olympics", and quoted torchbearers Manavjit Singh Sandhu, Abhinav Bindra, Ayaan Ali Khan and Rajinder Singh Rahelu all stating that sports and politics should not be mixed.

Q1: Though several torchbearers withdrew from the torch relay, the official website for China stated that Indian torch participants vowed to run for what?
A1: spirit of Olympics
Q2: What did Ayaan Ali Khan and Manavjit Singh Sandhu say should not be mixed?
A2: sports and politics
Q3: Though four withdrew, it was reported that Indian torchbearers vowed to what?
A3: run for spirit of Olympics
Q4: Several torchbearers said what two things should not be combined?
A4: sports and politics
Title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Topic: History

Representatives from indigenous and rural organizations from major South American countries, including Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Chile and Brazil, started a forum in support of Morales' legal process of change. The meeting condemned plans by the European "foreign power elite" to destabilize the country. The forum also expressed solidarity with the Morales and his economic and social changes in the interest of historically marginalized majorities. Furthermore, in a cathartic blow to the US-backed elite, it questioned US interference through diplomats and NGOs. The forum was suspicious of plots against Bolivia and other countries, including Cuba, Venezuela, Ecuador, Paraguay and Nicaragua.

Q1: Who started a forum in support of Morales' legal process of change?
A1: Representatives
Q2: What did the meeting condemn plans by the Europeans to do?
A2: destabilize the country
Q3: What did the forum express for Morales and his proposed changes?
A3: solidarity
Q4: What did the forum question about US interference?
A4: diplomats and NGOs
Q5: What was the forum suspicious of?
A5: plots against Bolivia and other countries
Title: East_Prussia
Topic: History

Representatives of the Polish government officially took over the civilian administration of the southern part of East Prussia on 23 May 1945. Subsequently Polish expatriates from Polish lands annexed by the Soviet Union as well as Ukrainians and Lemkos from southern Poland, expelled in Operation Vistula in 1947, were settled in the southern part of East Prussia, now the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. In 1950 the Olsztyn Voivodeship counted 689,000 inhabitants, 22.6% of them coming from areas annexed by the Soviet Union, 10% Ukrainians, and 18.5% of them pre-war inhabitants. The remaining pre-war population was treated as Germanized Poles and a policy of re-Polonization was pursued throughout the country Most of these "Autochthones" chose to emigrate to West Germany from the 1950s through 1970s (between 1970 and 1988 55,227 persons from Warmia and Masuria moved to Western Germany). Local toponyms were Polonised by the Polish Commission for the Determination of Place Names.

Q1: In what year did the Polish government officially take over the administration in East Prussia?
A1: 1945
Q2: How was the pre-war population in East Prussia referred to as?
A2: Germanized Poles
Q3: How much did the Ukrainians make up in population as a percentage in East Prussia?
A3: 18.5%
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

Reptiles such as adders and vipers live up to the snow line; because they cannot bear the cold temperatures they hibernate underground and soak up the warmth on rocky ledges. The high-altitude Alpine salamanders have adapted to living above the snow line by giving birth to fully developed young rather than laying eggs. Brown trout can be found in the streams up to the snow line. Molluscs such as the wood snail live up the snow line. Popularly gathered as food, the snails are now protected.

Q1: Why do reptiles only live up to the snow line?
A1: they cannot bear the cold temperatures
Q2: What do reptiles due since they cannot bear the cold temperatures?
A2: they hibernate underground
Q3: How have the Alpine salamanders adapted to living above the snow line?
A3: by giving birth to fully developed young rather than laying eggs
Q4: What can be found in the streams up to the snow line?
A4: Brown trout
Title: Tuvalu
Topic: Geography and places

Required attendance at school is 10 years for males and 11 years for females (2001). The adult literacy rate is 99.0% (2002). In 2010, there were 1,918 students who were taught by 109 teachers (98 certified and 11 uncertified). The teacher-pupil ratio for primary schools in Tuvalu is around 1:18 for all schools with the exception of Nauti School, which has a teacher-student ratio of 1:27. Nauti School on Funafuti is the largest primary in Tuvalu with more than 900 students (45 percent of the total primary school enrolment). The pupil-teacher ratio for Tuvalu is low compared to the Pacific region (ratio of 1:29).

Q1: What is the required education for males on Tuvalu?
A1: 10 years
Q2: How long are females required to go to school?
A2: 11 years
Q3: What was the literacy rate on Tuvalu in 2002?
A3: 99.0%
Q4: How many students were in Tuvalu schools in 2010?
A4: 1,918
Q5: What si the teacher-student ratio for Tuvalu schools?
A5: 1:18
Title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake
Topic: Natural sciences

Rescue efforts performed by the Chinese government were praised by western media, especially in comparison with Myanmar's blockage of foreign aid during Cyclone Nargis, as well as China's previous performance during the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. China's openness during the media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake led a professor at the Peking University to say, “This is the first time [that] the Chinese media has lived up to international standards”. Los Angeles Times praised China's media coverage of the quake of being "democratic".

Q1: What did a professor at the Peking University say about the handling of the earthquake?
A1: This is the first time [that] the Chinese media has lived up to international standards
Q2: What did Myanmar block after Cyclone Nargis?
A2: foreign aid
Q3: What did a Peking professor say about Chinese media coverage?
A3: up to international standards
Q4: Who praised Chinese media coverage as being democratic?
A4: Los Angeles Times
Q5: In which previous catastrophe not live up to international standards?
A5: 1976 Tangshan earthquake
Title: European_Central_Bank
Topic: Geography and places

Rescue operations involving sovereign debt have included temporarily moving bad or weak assets off the balance sheets of the weak member banks into the balance sheets of the European Central Bank. Such action is viewed as monetisation and can be seen as an inflationary threat, whereby the strong member countries of the ECB shoulder the burden of monetary expansion (and potential inflation) to save the weak member countries. Most central banks prefer to move weak assets off their balance sheets with some kind of agreement as to how the debt will continue to be serviced. This preference has typically led the ECB to argue that the weaker member countries must:

Q1: What can be shuffeled around during a soverign debt crisis to mitigate the damage?
A1: temporarily moving bad or weak assets
Q2: Where do bad and weak assets get moved in times of soverign debt crisis?
A2: the balance sheets of the European Central Bank
Q3: What is shuffling around bad or weak debts from a weaker eurozone member to the ECB known as?
A3: monetisation
Q4: What is monetisation usually viewed as?
A4: inflationary threat
Q5: If the central banks can come to an agreement with the eurozone member about the continued repayment of the debt, what happens to the bad or weak debt?
A5: move weak assets off their balance sheets
Title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)
Topic: History

Research commissioned by Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University, The Newspaper Reading Public of Tomorrow, identified demographic changes which suggested reasons why the Herald might be in decline. The new paper was intended to add a readership of 'social radicals' to the Herald's 'political radicals'. Launched with an advertising budget of £400,000 the brash new paper "burst forth with tremendous energy", according to The Times. Its initial print run of 3.5 million was attributed to 'curiosity' and the 'advantage of novelty', and had declined to the previous circulation of the Daily Herald (1.2 million) within a few weeks.

Q1: Who ordered research on the Herald?
A1: Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University
Q2: What was named as a potential reason for the Herald's decline?
A2: demographic changes
Q3: What type of people was the new paper supposed to attract?
A3: 'social radicals'
Q4: What was the advertising budget of the new paper?
A4: £400,000
Q5: What was the number of papers in the first print run of the Times?
A5: 3.5 million
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

Research focusing on sexual orientation uses scales of assessment to identify who belongs in which sexual population group. It is assumed that these scales will be able to reliably identify and categorize people by their sexual orientation. However, it is difficult to determine an individual's sexual orientation through scales of assessment, due to ambiguity regarding the definition of sexual orientation. Generally, there are three components of sexual orientation used in assessment. Their definitions and examples of how they may be assessed are as follows:

Q1: How does research identify sexual population groups?
A1: scales of assessment
Q2: What is the understanding of the scales used?
A2: to reliably identify and categorize people by their sexual orientation
Q3: Why might the scales fail?
A3: due to ambiguity regarding the definition of sexual orientation
Q4: How many components are used in assessment?
A4: three components
Q5: What does the research on sexual orientation use to determine who belongs in which sexual populaiton group?
A5: scales of assessment
Q6: What is the general idea regading these scales that are used?
A6: assumed that these scales will be able to reliably identify and categorize people by their sexual orientation.
Q7: What can cause problems with these scales that are used?
A7: ambiguity regarding the definition of sexual orientation
Q8: How many components are used in an assessment?
A8: there are three components of sexual orientation
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Research has generally shown striking uniformity across different cultures in the motives behind teen alcohol use. Social engagement and personal enjoyment appear to play a fairly universal role in adolescents' decision to drink throughout separate cultural contexts. Surveys conducted in Argentina, Hong Kong, and Canada have each indicated the most common reason for drinking among adolescents to relate to pleasure and recreation; 80% of Argentinian teens reported drinking for enjoyment, while only 7% drank to improve a bad mood. The most prevalent answers among Canadian adolescents were to "get in a party mood," 18%; "because I enjoy it," 16%; and "to get drunk," 10%. In Hong Kong, female participants most frequently reported drinking for social enjoyment, while males most frequently reported drinking to feel the effects of alcohol.

Q1: Are motives behind teen alcohol use varied or uniform across different cultures?
A1: uniform
Q2: What two reasons for adolescent drinking are shared across cultural contexts?
A2: Social engagement and personal enjoyment
Q3: What is the most common reason for drinking among adolescents according to surveys in Argentina, Hong Kong, and Canada?
A3: pleasure and recreation
Q4: What percentage of Argentenian teens reported drinking to improve a bad mood?
A4: 7%
Q5: In Hong Kong, did males or females most frequently report drinking to feel the effects of the alcohol?
A5: males
Title: Nutrition
Topic: Agriculture, food, and drink

Research in the field of nutrition has greatly contributed in finding out the essential facts about how environmental depletion can lead to crucial nutrition-related health problems like contamination, spread of contagious diseases, malnutrition, etc. Moreover, environmental contamination due to discharge of agricultural as well as industrial chemicals like organocholrines, heavy metal, and radionucleotides may adversely affect the human and the ecosystem as a whole. As far as safety of the human health is concerned, then these environmental contaminants can reduce people's nutritional status and health. This could directly or indirectly cause drastic changes in their diet habits. Hence, food-based remedial as well as preventive strategies are essential to address global issues like hunger and malnutrition and to enable the susceptible people to adapt themselves to all these environmental as well as socio-economic alterations.

Q1: What can environmental depletion lead to?
A1: crucial nutrition-related health problems
Q2: Other than malnutrition and a spread of disease, what is an example of a health problem that arose due to environmental depletion?
A2: contamination
Q3: Other than industrial chemicals, what other industry discharges chemicals that can contaminate the environment?
A3: agricultural
Q4: The release and contamination of the environment affects what important system other than the human race?
A4: the ecosystem
Q5: If people's nutritional status and health changes, what could this affect in their daily routine?
A5: diet habits
Title: Cork_(city)
Topic: History

Research institutes linked to the third level colleges in the city support the research and innovation capacity of the city and region. Examples include the Tyndall National Institute (ICT hardware research), IMERC (Marine Energy), Environmental Research Institute, NIMBUS (Network Embedded Systems); and CREATE (Advanced Therapeutic Engineering). UCC and CIT also have start-up company incubation centres. In UCC, the IGNITE Graduate Business Innovation Centre aims to foster and support entrepreneurship. In CIT, The Rubicon Centre is a business innovation hub that is home to 57 knowledge based start-up companies.

Q1: What is the biggest conglomeration of start-up companies in Cork?
A1: The Rubicon Centre
Q2: Where is a good source of marine research in Cork?
A2: IMERC (Marine Energy)
Q3: What is a good source for business start-ups in Cork?
A3: the IGNITE Graduate Business Innovation Centre
Q4: How many start-ups are associated with the Rubicon Center?
A4: 57
Title: Education
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Research into LCPS (low cost private schools) found that over 5 years to July 2013, debate around LCPSs to achieving Education for All (EFA) objectives was polarised and finding growing coverage in international policy. The polarisation was due to disputes around whether the schools are affordable for the poor, reach disadvantaged groups, provide quality education, support or undermine equality, and are financially sustainable. The report examined the main challenges encountered by development organisations which support LCPSs. Surveys suggest these types of schools are expanding across Africa and Asia. This success is attributed to excess demand. These surveys found concern for:

Q1: What does LCPS stand for?
A1: low cost private schools
Q2: What was the reason for the polarisation for affordable schooling?
A2: disputes around whether the schools are affordable for the poor
Q3: Where are these types of school spreading across?
A3: Africa and Asia
Title: Emotion
Topic: Natural sciences

Research on emotion has increased significantly over the past two decades with many fields contributing including psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history, sociology, and even computer science. The numerous theories that attempt to explain the origin, neurobiology, experience, and function of emotions have only fostered more intense research on this topic. Current areas of research in the concept of emotion include the development of materials that stimulate and elicit emotion. In addition PET scans and fMRI scans help study the affective processes in the brain. It also is influenced by hormones and neurotransmitters such as dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, oxytocin, cortisol and GABA.

Q1: Along with psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history and sociology, what field has engaged in research on emotion?
A1: computer science
Q2: Along with dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, cortisol and oxytocin, what neurotransmitter or hormone influences emotion?
A2: GABA
Q3: Along with the experience, function and origin of emotion, what aspect of emotion does current research attempt to explain?
A3: neurobiology
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Research seems to favor the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk in similar ways, but hold different values and thus come to different conclusions. Some have argued that there may be evolutionary benefits to an increased propensity for risk-taking in adolescence. For example, without a willingness to take risks, teenagers would not have the motivation or confidence necessary to leave their family of origin. In addition, from a population perspective, there is an advantage to having a group of individuals willing to take more risks and try new methods, counterbalancing the more conservative elements more typical of the received knowledge held by older adults. Risktaking may also have reproductive advantages: adolescents have a newfound priority in sexual attraction and dating, and risk-taking is required to impress potential mates. Research also indicates that baseline sensation seeking may affect risk-taking behavior throughout the lifespan.

Q1: Does research favor or reject the hypothesis that adolescents and adults think about risk similarly but hold different values and therefore come to different conclusions?
A1: favor
Q2: A priority in sexual attraction and dating can prove helpful in order to complete what reproductive advantage?
A2: impress potential mates
Q3: What does research indicate may affect risk-taking behavior throughout the lifespan?
A3: baseline sensation seeking
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Research since reveals self-examination beginning early in adolescence, but identity achievement rarely occurring before age 18. The freshman year of college influences identity development significantly, but may actually prolong psychosocial moratorium by encouraging reexamination of previous commitments and further exploration of alternate possibilities without encouraging resolution. For the most part, evidence has supported Erikson's stages: each correlates with the personality traits he originally predicted. Studies also confirm the impermanence of the stages; there is no final endpoint in identity development.

Q1: Identity achievement rarely occurs before what age?
A1: 18
Q2: Is there a final endpoint in identity development?
A2: no
Q3: Evidence has supported which theorist's idea concerning stages of development?
A3: Erikson
Q4: Does self-examination begin early or late in adolescence?
A4: early
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

Research suggests that sexual orientation is independent of cultural and other social influences, but that open identification of one's sexual orientation may be hindered by homophobic/hetereosexist settings. Social systems such as religion, language and ethnic traditions can have a powerful impact on realization of sexual orientation. Influences of culture may complicate the process of measuring sexual orientation. The majority of empirical and clinical research on LGBT populations are done with largely white, middle-class, well-educated samples, however there are pockets of research that document various other cultural groups, although these are frequently limited in diversity of gender and sexual orientation of the subjects. Integration of sexual orientation with sociocultural identity may be a challenge for LGBT individuals. Individuals may or may not consider their sexual orientation to define their sexual identity, as they may experience various degrees of fluidity of sexuality, or may simply identify more strongly with another aspect of their identity such as family role. American culture puts a great emphasis on individual attributes, and views the self as unchangeable and constant. In contrast, East Asian cultures put a great emphasis on a person's social role within social hierarchies, and view the self as fluid and malleable. These differing cultural perspectives have many implications on cognitions of the self, including perception of sexual orientation.

Q1: What does research show about sexual orientation?
A1: is independent of cultural and other social influences
Q2: What can being openly gay be hindered by?
A2: homophobic/hetereosexist settings.
Q3: What social systems can greatly influence someone realization of their sexual preference?
A3: religion, language and ethnic traditions
Q4: What group of the LGBT community are the most researched?
A4: white, middle-class, well-educated
Q5: What does the american culture put a large emphasis on?
A5: individual attributes, and views the self as unchangeable and constant.
Title: Antarctica
Topic: Natural sciences

Researchers include biologists, geologists, oceanographers, physicists, astronomers, glaciologists, and meteorologists. Geologists tend to study plate tectonics, meteorites from outer space, and resources from the breakup of the supercontinent Gondwana. Glaciologists in Antarctica are concerned with the study of the history and dynamics of floating ice, seasonal snow, glaciers, and ice sheets. Biologists, in addition to examining the wildlife, are interested in how harsh temperatures and the presence of people affect adaptation and survival strategies in a wide variety of organisms. Medical physicians have made discoveries concerning the spreading of viruses and the body's response to extreme seasonal temperatures. Astrophysicists at Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station study the celestial dome and cosmic microwave background radiation. Many astronomical observations are better made from the interior of Antarctica than from most surface locations because of the high elevation, which results in a thin atmosphere; low temperature, which minimizes the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere; and absence of light pollution, thus allowing for a view of space clearer than anywhere else on Earth. Antarctic ice serves as both the shield and the detection medium for the largest neutrino telescope in the world, built 2 km (1.2 mi) below Amundsen–Scott station.

Q1: What group of scientists study tectonics?
A1: Geologists
Q2: Which science is concerned with the study of the dynamics of ice?
A2: Glaciologists
Q3: Who is interested in the effects of harsh environment on humans?
A3: Biologists
Q4: What kind of observations use  the high elevations and thin atmosphere for viewing space?
A4: astronomical
Q5: Where is the largest neutrino telescope on Earth?
A5: Amundsen–Scott station.
Title: Treaty
Topic: Language and literature

Reservations are essentially caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty. Reservations are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effects on the reserving state. These must be included at the time of signing or ratification, i.e. "a party cannot add a reservation after it has already joined a treaty".

Q1: What are caveats to a state's acceptance of a treaty?
A1: Reservations
Q2: What are unilateral statements purporting to exclude or to modify the legal obligation and its effects on a state?
A2: Reservations
Q3: When must reservations be included in a treaty?
A3: at the time of signing or ratification
Q4: What are parties to a treaty forbidden to do after they have already joined a treaty?
A4: add a reservation
Q5: A reserving party to a treaty may include a statement that attempts to do what to its legal obligations or their effects?
A5: exclude or to modify
Title: Melbourne
Topic: Geography and places

Residential architecture is not defined by a single architectural style, but rather an eclectic mix of houses, townhouses, condominiums, and apartment buildings in the metropolitan area (particularly in areas of urban sprawl). Free standing dwellings with relatively large gardens are perhaps the most common type of housing outside inner city Melbourne. Victorian terrace housing, townhouses and historic Italianate, Tudor revival and Neo-Georgian mansions are all common in neighbourhoods such as Toorak.

Q1: What are the most common type of housing outside inner city Melbourne?
A1: Free standing dwellings with relatively large gardens
Q2: Is residential architecture in Melbourne defined by a single architectural style or an eclectic mix of buildings?
A2: single architectural style
Q3: Are townhouses, condominiums, and apartment buildings found more prevalent in the metropolitan area or outside the city?
A3: metropolitan area (particularly in areas of urban sprawl)
Title: Norfolk_Island
Topic: Geography and places

Residents of Norfolk Island do not pay Australian federal taxes, creating a tax haven for locals and visitors alike. Because there is no income tax, the island's legislative assembly raises money through an import duty, fuel levy, medicare levy, GST of 12% and local/international phone calls. In a move that apparently surprised many islanders the Chief Minister of Norfolk Island, David Buffett, announced on 6 November 2010 that the island would voluntarily surrender its tax free status in return for a financial bailout from the federal government to cover significant debts. The introduction of income taxation will now come into effect on July 1, 2016, with a variation of opinion on the island about these changes but with many understanding that for the island's governance to continue there is a need to pay into the commonwealth revenue pool so that the island can have assistance in supporting its delivery of State government responsibilities such as health, education, medicare, and infrastructure. Prior to these reforms residents of Norfolk Island were not entitled to social services. It appears that the reforms do extend to companies and trustees and not only individuals.

Q1: Norfolk Island inhabitants and visitors don't pay what?
A1: Australian federal taxes
Q2: Who is the Chief Minister of Norfolk Island?
A2: David Buffett
Q3: What reason did David Buffett give for Norfolk Island surrendering its' tax-free status?
A3: for a financial bailout from the federal government
Q4: When will income tax be introduced on Norfolk Island?
A4: July 1, 2016
Q5: What type of services were Norfolk Island inhabitants unable to receive prior to this announcement?
A5: social
Title: Oklahoma_City
Topic: Geography and places

Residents of Oklahoma City suffered substantial losses on April 19, 1995 when Timothy McVeigh detonated a bomb in front of the Murrah building. The building was destroyed (the remnants of which had to be imploded in a controlled demolition later that year), more than 100 nearby buildings suffered severe damage, and 168 people were killed. The site has been commemorated as the Oklahoma City National Memorial and Museum. Since its opening in 2000, over three million people have visited. Every year on April 19, survivors, families and friends return to the memorial to read the names of each person lost.

Q1: What is the name of the newly renovated site where the bombing occured?
A1: Oklahoma City National Memorial and Museum
Q2: What year did the memorial first opened?
A2: 2000
Title: 51st_state
Topic: Language and literature

Residents of Puerto Rico pay U.S. federal taxes: import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes, therefore contributing to the American Government. Most Puerto Rico residents do not pay federal income tax but do pay federal payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare). However, federal employees, those who do business with the federal government, Puerto Rico–based corporations that intend to send funds to the U.S. and others do pay federal income taxes. Puerto Ricans may enlist in the U.S. military. Puerto Ricans have participated in all American wars since 1898; 52 Puerto Ricans had been killed in the Iraq War and War in Afghanistan by November 2012.

Q1: What types of taxes do Puerto Ricans pay?
A1: U.S. federal taxes
Q2: What makes up the federal taxes Puerto Rican citizens pay?
A2: import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes
Q3: How else can they serve the U.S.?
A3: Puerto Ricans may enlist in the U.S. military.
Q4: How many Puerto Ricans have died in the Iraq War and War in Afghanistan?
A4: 52
Title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
Topic: Geography and places

Residents of Saint-Barthélemy (Saint-Barthélemoise people) are French citizens and work at establishments on the island. Most of them are descendants of the first settlers, of Breton, Norman, Poitevin, Saintongeais and Angevin lineage. French is the native tongue of the population. English is understood in hotels and restaurants, and a small population of Anglophones have been resident in Gustavia for many years. The St. Barthélemy French patois is spoken by some 500–700 people in the leeward portion of the island and is superficially related to Quebec French, whereas Créole French is limited to the windward side. Unlike other populations in the Caribbean, language preference between the Créole and Patois is geographically, and not racially, determined.[page needed]

Q1: What are the people of St. Barts called?
A1: Saint-Barthélemoise
Q2: Of what nation do the people of St. Barts claim citizenship?
A2: French
Q3: What is the native language of St. Barts?
A3: French
Q4: How does the determination between Patois and Creole French usually determined?
A4: racially
Q5: About how many people speak Patois French in St. Barts?
A5: 500–700
Title: Infection
Topic: Natural sciences

Resistance to infection (immunity) may be acquired following a disease, by asymptomatic carriage of the pathogen, by harboring an organism with a similar structure (crossreacting), or by vaccination. Knowledge of the protective antigens and specific acquired host immune factors is more complete for primary pathogens than for opportunistic pathogens. There is also the phenomenon of herd immunity which offers a measure of protection to those otherwise vulnerable people when a large enough proportion of the population has acquired immunity from certain infections.

Q1: What is resistance to infection known technically as?
A1: immunity
Q2: When may immunity be acquired?
A2: following a disease
Q3: What is knowledge of protective antigens more complete for?
A3: primary pathogens
Q4: What does herd immunity offer to vulnerable people when a large enough proportion of the population has acquired immunity?
A4: a measure of protection
Q5: Vaccination is a way in which what may be acquired?
A5: immunity
Title: Antenna_(radio)
Topic: Engineering and technology

Resonant antennas are expected to be used around a particular resonant frequency; an antenna must therefore be built or ordered to match the frequency range of the intended application. A particular antenna design will present a particular feedpoint impedance. While this may affect the choice of an antenna, an antenna's impedance can also be adapted to the desired impedance level of a system using a matching network while maintaining the other characteristics (except for a possible loss of efficiency).

Q1: Which antenna type would be best for a project requiring a specific frequency?
A1: Resonant antennas
Q2: How could an antenna be made to coordinate with the needed frequency?
A2: built or ordered
Q3: What factor would result in a desired feedback independence?
A3: particular antenna design
Q4: If you were unable to choose the antenna you wanted how could you still achieve this result?
A4: matching network
Title: Near_East
Topic: Geography and places

Resorting to this verbal device, however, did not protect the "Ancient Near East" from the inroads of "the Middle East." For example, a high point in the use of "Ancient Near East" was for Biblical scholars the Ancient Near Eastern Texts relating to the Old Testament by James Bennett Pritchard, a textbook of first edition dated 1950. The last great book written by Leonard Woolley, British archaeologist, excavator of ancient Ur and associate of T.E. Lawrence and Arthur Evans, was The Art of the Middle East, Including Persia, Mesopotamia and Palestine, published in 1961. Woolley had completed it in 1960 two weeks before his death. The geographical ranges in each case are identical.

Q1: James Bennett Pritchard wrote what?
A1: Texts relating to the Old Testament
Q2: When did James Bennett Pritchard write his textbook?
A2: 1950
Q3: Who was a British archaeologist?
A3: Leonard Woolley
Q4: Who excavated ancient Ur?
A4: Leonard Woolley
Title: Nonprofit_organization
Topic: Social sciences and society

Resource mismanagement is a particular problem with NPOs because the employees are not accountable to anybody with a direct stake in the organization. For example, an employee may start a new program without disclosing its complete liabilities. The employee may be rewarded for improving the NPO's reputation, making other employees happy, and attracting new donors. Liabilities promised on the full faith and credit of the organization but not recorded anywhere constitute accounting fraud. But even indirect liabilities negatively affect the financial sustainability of the NPO, and the NPO will have financial problems unless strict controls are instated. Some commentators have also argued that receiving significant funding from large for-profit corporations can ultimately alter the NPO's functions.

Q1: What is a major hurdle of the financial aspect of an NPO?
A1: Resource mismanagement
Q2: How is resource mismanagement allowed to happen so easily?
A2: employees are not accountable to anybody with a direct stake in the organization
Q3: How can an NPO help to prevent financial problems?
A3: strict controls
Q4: What can constitute accounting fraud when nothing is recorded?
A4: Liabilities promised on the full faith and credit of the organization
Q5: What can a large influx of money from a for-profit company do to an organization?
A5: alter the NPO's functions
Title: Quran
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Respect for the written text of the Quran is an important element of religious faith by many Muslims, and the Quran is treated with reverence. Based on tradition and a literal interpretation of Quran 56:79 ("none shall touch but those who are clean"), some Muslims believe that they must perform a ritual cleansing with water before touching a copy of the Quran, although this view is not universal. Worn-out copies of the Quran are wrapped in a cloth and stored indefinitely in a safe place, buried in a mosque or a Muslim cemetery, or burned and the ashes buried or scattered over water.

Q1: Which section of the Quran inspires some Muslims to ritually wash themselves before touching their copy?
A1: 56:79
Q2: What is done with the ashes of burned copies of the Quran?
A2: buried or scattered over water
Q3: In what state are copies of the Quran sometime wrapped in cloth and buried?
A3: Worn-out
Q4: Which are the safest places to inter an older copy of the Quran?
A4: a mosque or a Muslim cemetery
Title: Myanmar
Topic: Geography and places

Restrictions on media censorship were significantly eased in August 2012 following demonstrations by hundreds of protesters who wore shirts demanding that the government "Stop Killing the Press." The most significant change has come in the form that media organisations will no longer have to submit their content to a censorship board before publication. However, as explained by one editorial in the exiled press The Irrawaddy, this new "freedom" has caused some Burmese journalists to simply see the new law as an attempt to create an environment of self-censorship as journalists "are required to follow 16 guidelines towards protecting the three national causes — non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity, perpetuation of sovereignty — and "journalistic ethics" to ensure their stories are accurate and do not jeopardise national security." In July 2014 five journalists were sentenced to 10 years in jail after publishing a report saying the country was planning to build a new chemical weapons plant. Journalists described the jailings as a blow to the recently-won news media freedoms that had followed five decades of censorship and persecution.

Q1: Have there been any changes to restrictions placed on the communications networks in Burma ?
A1: Restrictions on media censorship were significantly eased in August 2012
Q2: If communications restrictions have changed how so?
A2: The most significant change has come in the form that media organisations will no longer have to submit their content to a censorship board before publication.
Q3: What is the name of the newspaper that was banished from Burma?
A3: The Irrawaddy
Q4: What is required of commentators before publishing or airing content ?
A4: journalists "are required to follow 16 guidelines towards protecting the three national causes
Q5: What did demonstrators wear during the media rally?
A5: wore shirts demanding that the government "Stop Killing the Press.
Title: Windows_8
Topic: Engineering and technology

Retail distribution of Windows 8 has since been discontinued in favor of Windows 8.1. Unlike 8, 8.1 is available as "full version software" at both retail and online for download that does not require a previous version of Windows in order to be installed. Pricing for these new copies remain identical. With the retail release returning to full version software for Windows 8.1, the "Personal Use License" exemption was removed from the OEM SKU, meaning that end users building their own PCs for personal use must use the full retail version in order to satisfy the Windows 8.1 licensing requirements. Windows 8.1 with Bing is a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine.

Q1: What replaced Windows 8?
A1: Windows 8.1
Q2: What is the primary difference in Windows 8.1? 
A2: 8.1 is available as "full version software"
Q3: What exemption was removed from Windows 8.1?
A3: Personal Use License
Q4: What is Windows 8.1 with Bing?
A4: a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine
Title: Windows_8
Topic: Engineering and technology

Retail versions of Windows 8 are only able to install these apps through Windows Store—a namesake distribution platform which offers both apps, and listings for desktop programs certified for comparability with Windows 8. A method to sideload apps from outside Windows Store is available to devices running Windows 8 Enterprise and joined to a domain; Windows 8 Pro and Windows RT devices that are not part of a domain can also sideload apps, but only after special product keys are obtained through volume licensing.

Q1: Where can Windows 8 install apps from?
A1: Windows Store
Q2: How do devices with Windows 8 Enterprise attain apps outside of the Windows Store?
A2: sideload apps
Q3: What other devices can sideload apps?
A3: Windows 8 Pro and Windows RT devices
Title: Daylight_saving_time
Topic: Engineering and technology

Retailers, sporting goods makers, and other businesses benefit from extra afternoon sunlight, as it induces customers to shop and to participate in outdoor afternoon sports. In 1984, Fortune magazine estimated that a seven-week extension of DST would yield an additional $30 million for 7-Eleven stores, and the National Golf Foundation estimated the extension would increase golf industry revenues $200 million to $300 million. A 1999 study estimated that DST increases the revenue of the European Union's leisure sector by about 3%.

Q1: What category of goods that are used in outdoor activities benefit from the extra hour of daylight from DST?
A1: sporting goods
Q2: What organization predicted a $100 million increase for the golf sector because of extended DST?
A2: the National Golf Foundation
Q3: What year did Fortune magazine make predictions about the increased revenue an extended daylight savings would provide?
A3: 1984
Q4: According to a study in 1999, daylight savings has caused what approximate percentage of increase in leisure industry revenue in the European Union?
A4: 3%
Q5: How much extra money from DST did Fortune predict for 7-Eleven on account of DST?
A5: $30 million
Title: Genome
Topic: Natural sciences

Retrotransposons can be transcribed into RNA, which are then duplicated at another site into the genome. Retrotransposons can be divided into Long terminal repeats (LTRs) and Non-Long Terminal Repeats (Non-LTR).

Q1: What kind of genetic material can be produced from retrotransposons?
A1: RNA
Title: New_York_City
Topic: Geography and places

Returning World War II veterans created a post-war economic boom and the development of large housing tracts in eastern Queens. New York emerged from the war unscathed as the leading city of the world, with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The United Nations Headquarters was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global geopolitical influence, and the rise of abstract expressionism in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.

Q1: When was construction finished on the United Nations Headquarters?
A1: 1952
Q2: Prior to New York, what city was the center of the world of art?
A2: Paris
Q3: What artistic movement caused New York to overtake Paris as the global art center?
A3: abstract expressionism
Q4: The headquarters what organization was done being build in 1952 in New York?
A4: United Nations
Title: Alexander_Graham_Bell
Topic: Engineering and technology

Returning home to Brantford after six months abroad, Bell continued his experiments with his "harmonic telegraph".[N 12] The basic concept behind his device was that messages could be sent through a single wire if each message was transmitted at a different pitch, but work on both the transmitter and receiver was needed.

Q1: How many wires did Bell send a signal through?
A1: 1
Q2: For  his system to work, Bell had to change what about each code?
A2: pitch
Q3: Bell needed to fix both the transmitter and what?
A3: receiver
Q4: Where was Bell's home?
A4: Brantford
Title: Antenna_(radio)
Topic: Engineering and technology

Returning to the basic concept of current flows in a conductor, consider what happens if a half-wave dipole is not connected to a feed point, but instead shorted out. Electrically this forms a single 1⁄2-wavelength element. But the overall current pattern is the same; the current will be zero at the two ends, and reach a maximum in the center. Thus signals near the design frequency will continue to create a standing wave pattern. Any varying electrical current, like the standing wave in the element, will radiate a signal. In this case, aside from resistive losses in the element, the rebroadcast signal will be significantly similar to the original signal in both magnitude and shape. If this element is placed so its signal reaches the main dipole in-phase, it will reinforce the original signal, and increase the current in the dipole. Elements used in this way are known as passive elements.

Q1: What is a half wave dipole need to be coupled with in most instances?
A1: feed point
Q2: What part of the current is usually strongest?
A2: center
Q3: What does this result in?
A3: standing wave pattern
Q4: Element used to provide support to the original signal are called?
A4: passive elements
Title: Bird_migration
Topic: Natural sciences

Reverse migration, where the genetic programming of young birds fails to work properly, can lead to rarities turning up as vagrants thousands of kilometres out of range.

Q1: What is it called when the genetic programing of young birds fail?
A1: Reverse migration
Q2: What is reverse migration?
A2: where the genetic programming of young birds fails to work properly
Q3: What does reverse migration lead to?
A3: rarities turning up as vagrants thousands of kilometres out of range
Q4: How far out of range can rarities get?
A4: thousands of kilometres
Title: Tuvalu
Topic: Geography and places

Reverse osmosis (R/O) desalination units supplement rainwater harvesting on Funafuti. The 65 m3 desalination plant operates at a real production level of around 40 m3 per day. R/O water is only intended to be produced when storage falls below 30%, however demand to replenish household storage supplies with tanker-delivered water means that the R/O desalination units are continually operating. Water is delivered at a cost of A$3.50 per m3. Cost of production and delivery has been estimated at A$6 per m3, with the difference subsidised by the government.

Q1: What type of desalination is used on Funafuti?
A1: Reverse osmosis
Q2: How much water does the Funafuti plant produce?
A2: 40 m3 per day
Q3: At what storage  point is R/O water production meant to be used?
A3: below 30%
Q4: What is the cost of R/O produced water?
A4: A$3.50 per m3
Q5: What organization subsidizes the cost of water desalination?
A5: government
Title: Windows_8
Topic: Engineering and technology

Reviews of the various editions of Windows 8 have been mixed. Tom Warren of The Verge said that although Windows 8's emphasis on touch computing was significant and risked alienating desktop users, a "tablet PC with Windows 8 makes an iPad feel immediately out of date" due to the capabilities of the operating system's hybrid model and increased focus on cloud services. David Pierce of The Verge described Windows 8 as "the first desktop operating system that understands what a computer is supposed to do in 2012" and praised Microsoft's "no compromise" approach and the operating system's emphasis on Internet connectivity and cloud services. Pierce also considered the Start Screen to be a "brilliant innovation for desktop computers" when compared with "folder-littered desktops on every other OS" because it allows users to interact with dynamic information. In contrast, an ExtremeTech article said it was Microsoft "flailing" and a review in PC Magazine condemned the Metro-style user interface. Some of the included apps in Windows 8 were considered to be basic and lacking in functionality, but the Xbox apps were praised for their promotion of a multi-platform entertainment experience. Other improvements and features (such as File History, Storage Spaces, and the updated Task Manager) were also regarded as positive changes. Peter Bright of Ars Technica wrote that while its user interface changes may overshadow them, Windows 8's improved performance, updated file manager, new storage functionality, expanded security features, and updated Task Manager were still positive improvements for the operating system. Bright also said that Windows 8's duality towards tablets and traditional PCs was an "extremely ambitious" aspect of the platform as well, but criticized Microsoft for emulating Apple's model of a closed distribution platform when implementing the Windows Store.

Q1: Who equated windos 8 as the first desktop operating system that understand what a computer is supposed to do?
A1: David Pierce
Q2: Why did Pierce give the Start Screen such glowing reviews?
A2: because it allows users to interact with dynamic information
Q3: Which improvements were most well regarded?
A3: File History, Storage Spaces, and the updated Task Manager
Q4: Who else uses a closed distribution platform?
A4: Apple
Title: The_Times
Topic: History

Rex Stout's fictional detective Nero Wolfe is described as fond of solving the London Times' crossword puzzle at his New York home, in preference to those of American papers.

Q1: The author, Rex Stout, created a fictional detection that is fond of solving London Times' crossword puzzles that goes by what name?
A1: Nero Wolfe
Q2: In what part of the world did the fictional detective, Nero Wolfe, live in?
A2: New York
Q3: The fictional detective, Nero Wolfe, preferred what newspaper to American newspapers?
A3: London Times
Q4: The fictional detective, Nero Wolfe, is described as fond of solving what kind of puzzle in the London Times newspaper?
A4: crossword