LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Institute_of_technology
Topic: Engineering and technology

Most of these institutes award diplomas after three or three and a half years of education. The Institute of technology implementation (IUT from Instituto universitario de tecnologia on Spanish) began with the creation of the first IUT at Caracas, capital city of Venezuela, called IUT. Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio adopted the French "Institut Universitaire de Technologie"s system, using French personnel and study system based on three-year periods, with research and engineering facilities at the same level as the main national universities to obtain French equivalent degrees. This IUT is the first and only one in Venezuela having French equivalent degrees accepted, implementing this system and observing the high-level degrees some other IUT's were created in Venezuela, regardless of this the term IUT was not used appropriately resulting in some institutions with mediocre quality and no equivalent degree in France. Later, some private institutions sprang up using IUT in their names, but they are not regulated by the original French system and award lower quality degrees.

Q1: What city in Venezuela had the first IUT?
A1: Caracas
Q2: Who pioneered using the French system of technological education?
A2: Dr. Federico Rivero Palacio
Title: Brain
Topic: Natural sciences

Most organisms studied to date utilize a reward–punishment mechanism: for instance, worms and insects can alter their behavior to seek food sources or to avoid dangers. In vertebrates, the reward-punishment system is implemented by a specific set of brain structures, at the heart of which lie the basal ganglia, a set of interconnected areas at the base of the forebrain. There is substantial evidence that the basal ganglia are the central site at which decisions are made: the basal ganglia exert a sustained inhibitory control over most of the motor systems in the brain; when this inhibition is released, a motor system is permitted to execute the action it is programmed to carry out. Rewards and punishments function by altering the relationship between the inputs that the basal ganglia receive and the decision-signals that are emitted. The reward mechanism is better understood than the punishment mechanism, because its role in drug abuse has caused it to be studied very intensively. Research has shown that the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a central role: addictive drugs such as cocaine, amphetamine, and nicotine either cause dopamine levels to rise or cause the effects of dopamine inside the brain to be enhanced.

Q1: A set of interconnected areas at the base of the forebrain is called what?
A1: basal ganglia
Q2: The basal ganglia is thought to be the central location at which what are made?
A2: decisions
Q3: Which neurotransmitter plays a large role in drug abuse?
A3: dopamine
Q4: Which of the two systems, reward or punishment is better understood?
A4: The reward mechanism
Title: Prime_minister
Topic: Social sciences and society

Most prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously in power until 1990, though she used the assembly of each House of Commons after a general election to reshuffle her cabinet.

Q1: Which prime minister was appointed only one time?
A1: Margaret Thatcher
Q2: When was Thatcher appointed prime minister?
A2: 1979
Q3: When did Thatcher last hold power?
A3: 1990
Q4: What did Margaret Thatcher reconfigure following each general election?
A4: cabinet
Title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration
Topic: History

Most records at NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified. Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.

Q1: Most of NARA's holdings are available to sector?
A1: public domain
Q2: Federal government works are excluded from what legal protection?
A2: copyright
Q3: Some records at NARA are legally protected by what?
A3: copyright
Q4: What executive order directs agencies to declassify documents before sending them to NARA?
A4: Executive Order 13526
Q5: What office of NARA oversees the declassification of classified materials?
A5: Information Security Oversight Office
Title: Saint_Helena
Topic: Geography and places

Most residents belong to the Anglican Communion and are members of the Diocese of St Helena, which has its own bishop and includes Ascension Island. The 150th anniversary of the diocese was celebrated in June 2009.

Q1: What communion do most residents of the island belong to?
A1: Anglican
Q2: When was the 150th anniversary of the diocese celebrated?
A2: June 2009
Q3: Not only are most residents of the island members of the Anglican communion, but what else?
A3: the Diocese of St Helena
Q4: The Diocese of Saint Helena has it's own what?
A4: bishop
Title: Samurai
Topic: Language and literature

Most samurai were bound by a code of honor and were expected to set an example for those below them. A notable part of their code is seppuku (切腹, seppuku?) or hara kiri, which allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death, where samurai were still beholden to social rules. Whilst there are many romanticized characterizations of samurai behavior such as the writing of Bushido (武士道, Bushidō?) in 1905, studies of Kobudo and traditional Budō indicate that the samurai were as practical on the battlefield as were any other warrior.

Q1: What was a synonym for seppuku?
A1: hara kiri
Q2: What was the reason for seppuku?
A2: allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death
Q3: How idealistic were samurai?
A3: as practical on the battlefield as were any other warrior
Q4: How were samurai unrealistically portrayed?
A4: romanticized
Title: Botany
Topic: Natural sciences

Most sexually reproducing organisms are diploid, with paired chromosomes, but doubling of their chromosome number may occur due to errors in cytokinesis. This can occur early in development to produce an autopolyploid or partly autopolyploid organism, or during normal processes of cellular differentiation to produce some cell types that are polyploid (endopolyploidy), or during gamete formation. An allopolyploid plant may result from a hybridisation event between two different species. Both autopolyploid and allopolyploid plants can often reproduce normally, but may be unable to cross-breed successfully with the parent population because there is a mismatch in chromosome numbers. These plants that are reproductively isolated from the parent species but live within the same geographical area, may be sufficiently successful to form a new species. Some otherwise sterile plant polyploids can still reproduce vegetatively or by seed apomixis, forming clonal populations of identical individuals. Durum wheat is a fertile tetraploid allopolyploid, while bread wheat is a fertile hexaploid. The commercial banana is an example of a sterile, seedless triploid hybrid. Common dandelion is a triploid that produces viable seeds by apomictic seed.

Q1: What can cause the doubling of chromosome pairs?
A1: errors in cytokinesis
Q2: Are the plants produced by this error, able to reproduce?
A2: often reproduce normally
Q3: Can these plants cross breed with the parent population of plants?
A3: unable to cross-breed successfully
Q4: What happens to these new plants if they are able to reproduce?
A4: form a new species
Q5: What is a yellow example of a sterile,hybrid plant with no seeds?
A5: commercial banana
Title: Clothing
Topic: Natural sciences

Most sports and physical activities are practiced wearing special clothing, for practical, comfort or safety reasons. Common sportswear garments include shorts, T-shirts, tennis shirts, leotards, tracksuits, and trainers. Specialized garments include wet suits (for swimming, diving or surfing), salopettes (for skiing) and leotards (for gymnastics). Also, spandex materials are often used as base layers to soak up sweat. Spandex is also preferable for active sports that require form fitting garments, such as volleyball, wrestling, track & field, dance, gymnastics and swimming.

Q1: Safety reasons may be why someone wears this type of clothing.
A1: special
Q2: Leotards are an example of what type of garment?
A2: sportswear
Q3: What does spandex soak up?
A3: sweat
Q4: What's an example of a form fitting garment?
A4: Spandex
Q5: What type of sport is wrestling considered?
A5: active
Title: Capacitor
Topic: Engineering and technology

Most types of capacitor include a dielectric spacer, which increases their capacitance. These dielectrics are most often insulators. However, low capacitance devices are available with a vacuum between their plates, which allows extremely high voltage operation and low losses. Variable capacitors with their plates open to the atmosphere were commonly used in radio tuning circuits. Later designs use polymer foil dielectric between the moving and stationary plates, with no significant air space between them.

Q1: What do many capacitors contain that raises the capacitance?
A1: a dielectric spacer
Q2: What sort of dielectric is used in low capacitance devices?
A2: a vacuum
Q3: What sort of capacitors have traditionally been used in radio tuning circuits?
A3: Variable capacitors
Q4: How did the capacitor traditionally used in radio tuning circuits change over time? 
A4: use polymer foil dielectric between the moving and stationary plates
Q5: What did the later designs of capacitors used in radio tuning circuits no longer have?
A5: no significant air space
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

Most videos enable users to leave comments, and these have attracted attention for the negative aspects of both their form and content. In 2006, Time praised Web 2.0 for enabling "community and collaboration on a scale never seen before", and added that YouTube "harnesses the stupidity of crowds as well as its wisdom. Some of the comments on YouTube make you weep for the future of humanity just for the spelling alone, never mind the obscenity and the naked hatred". The Guardian in 2009 described users' comments on YouTube as:

Q1: Most videos enable users to do what
A1: leave comments
Q2: What has attracted negative attention about comments on youtube besides their content?
A2: their form
Q3: Time in 2006 wrote that youtube harnessed the wisdom and what else of humanity?
A3: stupidity
Q4: Which magazine wrote about youtube in a 2009 article on user comments?
A4: The Guardian
Q5: Some of the positive aspects of youtube might be that it provides what on a scale we've never seen before?
A5: community and collaboration
Title: Web_browser
Topic: Engineering and technology

Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmarks" and behave like a folder of bookmarks corresponding to recent entries in the feed. In Opera, a more traditional feed reader is included which stores and displays the contents of the feed.

Q1: A list of websites a user can click to get back to easy have been what by the user?
A1: bookmarked
Q2: What are "bookmarks" called in Internet Explorer?
A2: Favorites
Q3: The top browsers have a built-in what?
A3: feed aggregator
Q4: Firefox does web feeds as what?
A4: live bookmarks
Q5: The Opera feed reader is more what?
A5: traditional
Title: Professional_wrestling
Topic: Sports and recreation

Most wrestling matches last for a set number of falls, with the first side to achieve the majority number of pinfalls, submissions, or countouts being the winner. Historically, matches were wrestled to 3 falls ("best 2 out of 3") or 5 falls ("best 3 out of 5"). The standard for modern matches is one fall. However, even though it is now standard, many announcers will explicitly state this (e.g. "The following contest is set for one fall with a 20-minute time limit"). These matches are given a time limit; if not enough falls are scored by the end of the time limit, the match is declared a draw. Modern matches are generally given a 10- to 30-minute time limit for standard matches; title matches can go for up to one hour. British wrestling matches held under Admiral-Lord Mountevans rules are 2 out of 3 falls.

Q1: Who wins in a wrestling match?
A1: the first side to achieve the majority number of pinfalls, submissions, or countouts being the winner.
Q2: How could a wrestler win in the past?
A2: Historically, matches were wrestled to 3 falls ("best 2 out of 3") or 5 falls ("best 3 out of 5").
Q3: How can a wrestler win in modern times?
A3: The standard for modern matches is one fall.
Q4: In what instance will a match be declared a draw?
A4: if not enough falls are scored by the end of the time limit, the match is declared a draw.
Q5: How long can a title match be?
A5: title matches can go for up to one hour
Title: Lighting
Topic: Engineering and technology

Motion picture and television production use many of the same tools and methods of stage lighting. Especially in the early days of these industries, very high light levels were required and heat produced by lighting equipment presented substantial challenges. Modern cameras require less light, and modern light sources emit less heat.

Q1: Motion pictures employee the similar lighting techniques as which other form of lighting?
A1: stage lighting
Title: Brain
Topic: Natural sciences

Motor systems are areas of the brain that are directly or indirectly involved in producing body movements, that is, in activating muscles. Except for the muscles that control the eye, which are driven by nuclei in the midbrain, all the voluntary muscles in the body are directly innervated by motor neurons in the spinal cord and hindbrain. Spinal motor neurons are controlled both by neural circuits intrinsic to the spinal cord, and by inputs that descend from the brain. The intrinsic spinal circuits implement many reflex responses, and contain pattern generators for rhythmic movements such as walking or swimming. The descending connections from the brain allow for more sophisticated control.

Q1: What part of the body is controlled by nuclei in the midbrain?
A1: the eye,
Q2: All the muscles controlled by motor neurons in the body are controlled by what?
A2: spinal cord and hindbrain
Title: Police
Topic: Social sciences and society

Motorcycles are also commonly used, particularly in locations that a car may not be able to reach, to control potential public order situations involving meetings of motorcyclists and often in escort duties where motorcycle police officers can quickly clear a path for escorted vehicles. Bicycle patrols are used in some areas because they allow for more open interaction with the public. In addition, their quieter operation can facilitate approaching suspects unawares and can help in pursuing them attempting to escape on foot.

Q1: Why do some cops use bicycles to patrol?
A1: they allow for more open interaction with the public
Q2: How do bicycles help catch some suspects?
A2: their quieter operation can facilitate approaching suspects unawares and can help in pursuing them attempting to escape on foot
Q3: What do police use to control motorcyclist events?
A3: Motorcycles
Title: Railway_electrification_system
Topic: Engineering and technology

Motors have very little room for electrical insulation so they generally have low voltage ratings. Because transformers (prior to the development of power electronics) cannot step down DC voltages, trains were supplied with a relatively low DC voltage that the motors can use directly. The most common DC voltages are listed in the previous section. Third (and fourth) rail systems almost always use voltages below 1 kV for safety reasons while overhead wires usually use higher voltages for efficiency. ("Low" voltage is relative; even 600 V can be instantly lethal when touched.)

Q1: Why do motors have little space for insulation?
A1: low voltage ratings
Q2: What is most common volatage range used by railway system?
A2: below 1 kV
Q3: Why 1kV voltage is almost always used by rail systems?
A3: safety reasons
Q4: Which system uses higher voltages?
A4: overhead wires
Q5: Is "low" voltage used by trains safe for people?
A5: lethal
Title: Switzerland
Topic: Geography and places

Motorsport racecourses and events were banned in Switzerland following the 1955 Le Mans disaster with exception to events such as Hillclimbing. During this period, the country still produced successful racing drivers such as Clay Regazzoni, Sebastian Buemi, Jo Siffert, Dominique Aegerter, successful World Touring Car Championship driver Alain Menu, 2014 24 Hours of Le Mans winner Marcel Fässler and 2015 24 Hours Nürburgring winner Nico Müller. Switzerland also won the A1GP World Cup of Motorsport in 2007–08 with driver Neel Jani. Swiss motorcycle racer Thomas Lüthi won the 2005 MotoGP World Championship in the 125cc category. In June 2007 the Swiss National Council, one house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, voted to overturn the ban, however the other house, the Swiss Council of States rejected the change and the ban remains in place.

Q1: What was banned in Switzerland in 1955 after the Le Mans disaster?
A1: Motorsport racecourses and events
Q2: Who voted to overturn the ban on motorsport events in June 2007?
A2: Swiss National Council
Q3: Who rejected the  2007 vote to overturn the motorsport ban in Switzerland?
A3: Swiss Council of States
Q4: Which successful World Touring Car Championship driver was produced in Switzerland despite the ban on motorsport events?
A4: Alain Menu
Q5: Which Swiss motorcycle racer won the 2005 MotoGP World Championship in the 125cc category?
A5: Thomas Lüthi
Title: Appalachian_Mountains
Topic: Geography and places

Mountains of the Long Range in Newfoundland reach heights of nearly 3,000 ft (900 m). In the Chic-Choc and Notre Dame mountain ranges in Quebec, the higher summits rise to about 4,000 ft (1,200 m) elevation. Isolated peaks and small ranges in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick vary from 1,000 to 2,700 ft (300 to 800 m). In Maine several peaks exceed 4,000 ft (1,200 m), including Mount Katahdin at 5,267 feet (1,605 m). In New Hampshire, many summits rise above 5,000 ft (1,500 m), including Mount Washington in the White Mountains at 6,288 ft (1,917 m), Adams at 5,771 ft (1,759 m), Jefferson at 5,712 ft (1,741 m), Monroe at 5,380 ft (1,640 m), Madison at 5,367 ft (1,636 m), Lafayette at 5,249 feet (1,600 m), and Lincoln at 5,089 ft (1,551 m). In the Green Mountains the highest point, Mt. Mansfield, is 4,393 ft (1,339 m) in elevation; others include Killington Peak at 4,226 ft (1,288 m), Camel's Hump at 4,083 ft (1,244 m), Mt. Abraham at 4,006 ft (1,221 m), and a number of other heights exceeding 3,000 ft (900 m).

Q1: How tall are the mountains in Newfoundland?
A1: 3,000 ft
Q2: How tall are the mountains in Nova Scotia?
A2: vary from 1,000 to 2,700 ft
Q3: How tall are the mountains in Maine?
A3: exceed 4,000 ft
Q4: How tall are the mountains in New Hampshire?
A4: many summits rise above 5,000 ft
Title: Muammar_Gaddafi
Topic: History

Moving to reduce Italian influence, in October 1970 all Italian-owned assets were expropriated and the 12,000-strong Italian community expelled from Libya alongside a smaller number of Jews. The day became a national holiday. Aiming to reduce NATO power in the Mediterranean, in 1971 Libya requested that Malta cease to allow NATO to use its land for a military base, in turn offering them foreign aid. Compromising, Malta's government continued allowing NATO use of the island, but only on the condition that they would not use it for launching attacks on Arab territory. Orchestrating a military build-up, the RCC began purchasing weapons from France and the Soviet Union. The commercial relationship with the latter led to an increasingly strained relationship with the U.S., who were then engaged in the Cold War with the Soviets.

Q1: How many Italians lived in Libya prior to October of 1970?
A1: 12,000
Q2: In addition to Italians, what people were kicked out of Libya in 1970?
A2: Jews
Q3: Who did the RCC buy military equipment from?
A3: France and the Soviet Union
Q4: Who were the adversaries of the Soviets during the Cold War?
A4: U.S.
Q5: Who did Libya offer foreign aid to in 1971?
A5: Malta
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

Mozart's Requiem was sung at the funeral; the soloists were the soprano Jeanne-Anais Castellan, the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, the tenor Alexis Dupont, and the bass Luigi Lablache; Chopin's Preludes No. 4 in E minor and No. 6 in B minor were also played. The organist at the funeral was Louis Lefébure-Wély. The funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery, which included Chopin's sister Ludwika, was led by the aged Prince Adam Czartoryski. The pallbearers included Delacroix, Franchomme, and Camille Pleyel. At the graveside, the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2 was played, in Reber's instrumentation.

Q1: What song was sung at Chopin's funeral?
A1: Mozart's Requiem
Q2: Who was the organist at Chopin's funeral?
A2: Louis Lefébure-Wély
Q3: Who led Chopin's funeral procession?
A3: Prince Adam Czartoryski
Q4: What was played at his graveside?
A4: Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2
Q5: What Mozart song was sung at Chopin's funeral?
A5: Mozart's Requiem
Q6: Who was the organist for Chopin's funeral?
A6: Louis Lefébure-Wély
Q7: Which cemetery was Chopin buried in?
A7: Père Lachaise Cemetery
Q8: Who led the funeral procession?
A8: Prince Adam Czartoryski
Q9: What was played at Chopin's graveside?
A9: the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2
Title: Umayyad_Caliphate
Topic: History

Mu'awiyah introduced postal service, Abd al-Malik extended it throughout his empire, and Walid made full use of it. The Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik developed a regular postal service. Umar bin Abdul-Aziz developed it further by building caravanserais at stages along the Khurasan highway. Relays of horses were used for the conveyance of dispatches between the caliph and his agents and officials posted in the provinces. The main highways were divided into stages of 12 miles (19 km) each and each stage had horses, donkeys or camels ready to carry the post. Primarily the service met the needs of Government officials, but travellers and their important dispatches were also benefitted by the system. The postal carriages were also used for the swift transport of troops. They were able to carry fifty to a hundred men at a time. Under Governor Yusuf bin Umar, the postal department of Iraq cost 4,000,000 dirhams a year.

Q1: Who first brought a postal service into Umayyad lands?
A1: Mu'awiyah
Q2: Along what highway did Umar bin Abdul-Aziz build caravanserais?
A2: Khurasan
Q3: Along with horses and camels, what animals were used by the postal service?
A3: donkeys
Q4: In dirhams, what was the yearly cost of the Iraqi postal service when Yusuf bin Umar was governor?
A4: 4,000,000
Q5: In kilometers, how far apart was each stage of the Umayyad highways?
A5: 19
Title: Muammar_Gaddafi
Topic: History

Muammar Gaddafi was born in a tent near Qasr Abu Hadi, a rural area outside the town of Sirte in the deserts of western Libya. His family came from a small, relatively un-influential tribal group called the Qadhadhfa, who were Arabized Berber in heritage. His father, Mohammad Abdul Salam bin Hamed bin Mohammad, was known as Abu Meniar (died 1985), and his mother was named Aisha (died 1978); Abu Meniar earned a meager subsistence as a goat and camel herder. Nomadic Bedouins, they were illiterate and kept no birth records. As such, Gaddafi's date of birth is not known with certainty, and sources have set it in 1942 or in the spring of 1943, although biographers Blundy and Lycett noted that it could have been pre-1940. His parents' only surviving son, he had three older sisters. Gaddafi's upbringing in Bedouin culture influenced his personal tastes for the rest of his life. He repeatedly expressed a preference for the desert over the city and retreated to the desert to meditate.

Q1: Describe Gaddafi's humble upbringing.
A1: was born in a tent near Qasr Abu Hadi, a rural area outside the town of Sirte in the deserts of western Libya
Q2: How did his upbringing impact his later life preferences?
A2: He repeatedly expressed a preference for the desert over the city and retreated to the desert to meditate.
Q3: When was Gaddafi born?
A3: Gaddafi's date of birth is not known with certainty, and sources have set it in 1942 or in the spring of 1943
Q4: What culture did Gaddafi experience as a child?
A4: Bedouin
Q5: Describe Gaddafi's early childhood.
A5: Gaddafi was born in a tent near Qasr Abu Hadi, a rural area outside the town of Sirte in the deserts of western Libya
Q6: How did Gaddafi's father earn a living?
A6: Abu Meniar earned a meager subsistence as a goat and camel herder
Q7: How come no one knows for sure when Gaddafi was born?
A7: Nomadic Bedouins, they were illiterate and kept no birth records
Q8: How did his early childhood experiences impact his later life?
A8: He repeatedly expressed a preference for the desert over the city and retreated to the desert to meditate.
Q9: When did Gaddafi's parents die?
A9: His father, Mohammad Abdul Salam bin Hamed bin Mohammad, was known as Abu Meniar (died 1985), and his mother was named Aisha (died 1978)
Q10: Near what town was Gaddafi's birthplace of Qasr Abu Hadi?
A10: Sirte
Q11: What was the name of Gaddafi's tribe?
A11: Qadhadhfa
Q12: Other than Mohammad Abdul Salam bin Hamed bin Mohammad, what was Gaddafi's father called?
A12: Abu Meniar
Q13: When did Gaddafi's mother die?
A13: 1978
Q14: How many sisters did Gaddafi have?
A14: three
Title: Muammar_Gaddafi
Topic: History

Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi (Arabic: معمر محمد أبو منيار القذافي‎ Arabic pronunciation: [muʕamar al.qaðaːfiː]; /ˈmoʊ.əmɑːr ɡəˈdɑːfi/;  audio (help·info); c. 1942 – 20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi,[b] was a Libyan revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He governed Libya as Revolutionary Chairman of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then as the "Brotherly Leader" of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011. Initially ideologically committed to Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, he came to rule according to his own Third International Theory before embracing Pan-Africanism and serving as Chairperson of the African Union from 2009 to 2010.

Q1: When was Gaddafi born, and when did he die?
A1: 1942 – 20 October 2011
Q2: What was Gaddifi's original political viewpoint?
A2: Initially ideologically committed to Arab nationalism and Arab socialism
Q3: What political philosophy did Gaddifi create?
A3: his own Third International Theory
Q4: What political philosophy did  Gaddafi adhere to when he was the Chairperson of the African Union?
A4: Pan-Africanism
Q5: What was Gaddafi's position when he was considered the "Brotherly Leader"?
A5: the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011
Q6: When did Gaddafi rule as the "Brotherly Leader"?
A6: from 1977 to 2011
Q7: What ideology did Gaddafi adopt when he was the Chairperson of the African Union?
A7: Pan-Africanism
Q8: List Gaddafi's lifespan.
A8: 1942 – 20 October 2011
Q9: When did he first gain power in Libya?
A9: 1969
Q10: What political ideology did Gaddafi create?
A10: Third International Theory
Q11: By what name was Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi typically known?
A11: Colonel Gaddafi
Q12: What was Gaddafi's nationality?
A12: Libyan
Q13: What was the official name of Libya between 1969 and 1977?
A13: Libyan Arab Republic
Q14: From 1977 to 2011, what was Gaddafi's title?
A14: Brotherly Leader
Q15: What was Colonel Gaddafi's date of death?
A15: 20 October 2011
Title: Umayyad_Caliphate
Topic: History

Muawiyah also encouraged peaceful coexistence with the Christian communities of Syria, granting his reign with "peace and prosperity for Christians and Arabs alike", and one of his closest advisers was Sarjun, the father of John of Damascus. At the same time, he waged unceasing war against the Byzantine Roman Empire. During his reign, Rhodes and Crete were occupied, and several assaults were launched against Constantinople. After their failure, and faced with a large-scale Christian uprising in the form of the Mardaites, Muawiyah concluded a peace with Byzantium. Muawiyah also oversaw military expansion in North Africa (the foundation of Kairouan) and in Central Asia (the conquest of Kabul, Bukhara, and Samarkand).

Q1: Who was the son of Sarjun?
A1: John of Damascus
Q2: Along with Rhodes, what Byzantine possession did Muawiyah occupy?
A2: Crete
Q3: Who group of Christians rose up against Muawiyah?
A3: Mardaites
Q4: What did Muawiyah found in North Africa?
A4: Kairouan
Title: The_Blitz
Topic: History

Much civil-defence preparation in the form of shelters was left in the hands of local authorities, and many areas such as Birmingham, Coventry, Belfast and the East End of London did not have enough shelters. The Phoney War, however, and the unexpected delay of civilian bombing permitted the shelter programme to finish in June 1940.:35 The programme favoured backyard Anderson shelters and small brick surface shelters; many of the latter were soon abandoned in 1940 as unsafe. In addition, authorities expected that the raids would be brief and during the day. Few predicted that attacks by night would force Londoners to sleep in shelters.

Q1: What civil-defense efforts were left to local authorities to handle?
A1: shelters
Q2: What year did the shelter program finish?
A2: 1940
Q3: Why were the shelters soon abandoned in 1940? 
A3: unsafe
Q4: Why were Londoners forced to sleep in shelters?
A4: attacks by night
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

Much media attention on the season had been focused on the three black singers, Fantasia Barrino, LaToya London, and Jennifer Hudson, dubbed the Three Divas. All three unexpectedly landed on the bottom three on the top seven result show, with Hudson controversially eliminated. Elton John, who was one of the mentors that season, called the results of the votes "incredibly racist". The prolonged stays of John Stevens and Jasmine Trias in the finals, despite negative comments from the judges, had aroused resentment, so much so that John Stevens reportedly received a death threat, which he dismissed as a joke 'blown out of proportion'.

Q1: What were the three black female contestants on season three of American Idol commonly referred to as?
A1: the Three Divas
Q2: Which contestant was eliminated during the week of the top seven?
A2: Jennifer Hudson
Q3: What famous singer made claims of racism after Jennifer Hudson was eliminated from American Idol?
A3: Elton John
Q4: Which season three contestant on American Idol was the recipient of reported death threats?
A4: John Stevens
Q5: What were Fantasia Barrino, LaToya London and Jennifer Hudson called?
A5: the Three Divas
Q6: Which of the three was eliminated?
A6: Jennifer Hudson
Q7: Who said that the results were racist?
A7: Elton John
Q8: Which contestant reportedly received a death threat on the show?
A8: John Stevens
Title: Geography_of_the_United_States
Topic: Geography and places

Much of California consists of a Mediterranean climate, with sometimes excessive rainfall from October–April and nearly no rain the rest of the year. In the Pacific Northwest rain falls year-round, but is much heavier during winter and spring. The mountains of the west receive abundant precipitation and very heavy snowfall. The Cascades are one of the snowiest places in the world, with some places averaging over 600 inches (1,524 cm) of snow annually, but the lower elevations closer to the coast receive very little snow.

Q1: What is the most prevalent type of climate nCalifornia?
A1: Mediterranean
Q2: During what time of the year does California receive the most rainfall?
A2: October–April
Q3: Which region of the US experiences rain year round?
A3: Pacific Northwest
Q4: Which region in the US is also one of the most snowiest places in the world?
A4: The Cascades
Q5: How many inches of snow do regions of the Cascades receive?
A5: 600 inches
Title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Topic: History

Much of El Salvador was home to the Pipil, the Lenca, Xinca, and Kakawira. The Pipil lived in western El Salvador, spoke Nawat, and had many settlements there, most noticeably Cuzcatlan. The Pipil had no precious mineral resources, but they did have rich and fertile land that was good for farming. The Spaniards were disappointed not to find gold or jewels in El Salvador as they had in other lands like Guatemala or Mexico, but upon learning of the fertile land in El Salvador, they attempted to conquer it. Noted Meso-American indigenous warriors to rise militarily against the Spanish included Princes Atonal and Atlacatl of the Pipil people in central El Salvador and Princess Antu Silan Ulap of the Lenca people in eastern El Salvador, who saw the Spanish not as gods but as barbaric invaders. After fierce battles, the Pipil successfully fought off the Spanish army led by Pedro de Alvarado along with their Mexican Indian allies (the Tlaxcalas), sending them back to Guatemala. After many other attacks with an army reinforced with Guatemalan Indian allies, the Spanish were able to conquer Cuzcatlan. After further attacks, the Spanish also conquered the Lenca people. Eventually, the Spaniards intermarried with Pipil and Lenca women, resulting in the Mestizo population which would become the majority of the Salvadoran people. Today many Pipil and other indigenous populations live in the many small towns of El Salvador like Izalco, Panchimalco, Sacacoyo, and Nahuizalco.

Q1: El Salvador was home to which indigenous peoples?
A1: the Pipil, the Lenca, Xinca, and Kakawira
Q2: What was a major Pipil settlement in western El Salvador?
A2: Cuzcatlan
Q3: What was the language of the Pipil?
A3: Nawat
Q4: What did the Princes and Princesses see the Spanish as?
A4: barbaric invaders
Q5: What people resulted from the Spaniards intermarrying with Pipll and Lenca women?
A5: Mestizo
Title: New_Delhi
Topic: Geography and places

Much of New Delhi, planned by the leading 20th-century British architect Edwin Lutyens, was laid out to be the central administrative area of the city as a testament to Britain's imperial pretensions. New Delhi is structured around two central promenades called the Rajpath and the Janpath. The Rajpath, or King's Way, stretches from the Rashtrapati Bhavan to the India Gate. The Janpath (Hindi: "Path of the People"), formerly Queen's Way, begins at Connaught Circus and cuts the Rajpath at right angles. 19 foreign embassies are located on the nearby Shantipath (Hindi: "Path of Peace"), making it the largest diplomatic enclave in India.

Q1: What British architect was responsible for designing much of New Delhi?
A1: Edwin Lutyens
Q2: What are the names of the two central promenades around which New Delhi is structured?
A2: Rajpath and the Janpath
Q3: Which of the two promenades is referred to as The King's Way?
A3: the Rajpath
Q4: Which promenade was formerly known as the Queen's Way?
A4: The Janpath
Q5: The largest diplomatic enclave in India which contains 19 foreign embassies is located along which promenade?
A5: Shantipath
Title: Richmond,_Virginia
Topic: Geography and places

Much of Richmond's early architecture was destroyed by the Evacuation Fire in 1865. It is estimated that 25% of all buildings in Richmond were destroyed during this fire. Even fewer now remain due to construction and demolition that has taken place since Reconstruction. In spite of this, Richmond contains many historically significant buildings and districts. Buildings remain from Richmond's colonial period, such as the Patteson-Schutte House and the Edgar Allan Poe Museum (Richmond, Virginia), both built before 1750.

Q1: What disaster destroyed many of the early buildings in Richmond?
A1: Evacuation Fire
Q2: What percentage of Richmond's buildings were burned in a single fire in 1865?
A2: 25
Q3: Prior to what year was the Patterson-Schutte House built?
A3: 1750
Q4: What is the name of the era from which the building housing the Edgar Allan Poe Museum dates?
A4: colonial
Title: Tucson,_Arizona
Topic: Geography and places

Much of Tucson's economic development has been centered on the development of the University of Arizona, which is currently the second largest employer in the city. Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, located on the southeastern edge of the city, also provides many jobs for Tucson residents. Its presence, as well as the presence of the US Army Intelligence Center (Fort Huachuca, the largest employer in the region in nearby Sierra Vista), has led to the development of a significant number of high-tech industries, including government contractors, in the area. The city of Tucson is also a major hub for the Union Pacific Railroad's Sunset Route that links the Los Angeles ports with the South/Southeast regions of the country.

Q1: What is the second-largest employer in Tucson?
A1: University of Arizona
Q2: Where is the US Army Intelligence Center?
A2: Sierra Vista
Q3: What railroad route passes through Tucson?
A3: Union Pacific Railroad's Sunset Route
Q4: Where does the Sunset Route connect to the west coast?
A4: Los Angeles ports
Title: Yale_University
Topic: History

Much of Yale University's staff, including most maintenance staff, dining hall employees, and administrative staff, are unionized. Clerical and technical employees are represented by Local 34 of UNITE HERE and service and maintenance workers by Local 35 of the same international. Together with the Graduate Employees and Students Organization (GESO), an unrecognized union of graduate employees, Locals 34 and 35 make up the Federation of Hospital and University Employees. Also included in FHUE are the dietary workers at Yale-New Haven Hospital, who are members of 1199 SEIU. In addition to these unions, officers of the Yale University Police Department are members of the Yale Police Benevolent Association, which affiliated in 2005 with the Connecticut Organization for Public Safety Employees. Finally, Yale security officers voted to join the International Union of Security, Police and Fire Professionals of America in fall 2010 after the National Labor Relations Board ruled they could not join AFSCME; the Yale administration contested the election.

Q1: What union are the members of the Yale University Police Department a part of?
A1: Yale Police Benevolent Association
Q2: What union do Yale security guards belong to?
A2: International Union of Security, Police and Fire Professionals of America
Q3: What is the name of the unrecognized union of graduate employees?
A3: Graduate Employees and Students Organization (GESO)
Q4: What union are Yale's clerical and technical employees a part of?
A4: Local 34 of UNITE HERE
Q5: What union are Yale's service and maintenance workers a part of?
A5: Local 35 of the same international
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

Much of YouTube's revenue goes to the copyright holders of the videos. In 2010 it was reported that nearly a third of the videos with advertisements were uploaded without permission of the copyright holders. YouTube gives an option for copyright holders to locate and remove their videos or to have them continue running for revenue. In May 2013, Nintendo began enforcing its copyright ownership and claiming the advertising revenue from video creators who posted screenshots of its games. In February 2015, Nintendo agreed to share the revenue with the video creators.

Q1: Where does the majority of youtube's revenue go?
A1: to the copyright holders
Q2: In 2010 what were the estimates for the amount of videos with advertisements uploaded without the copywriter's consent?
A2: nearly a third
Q3: Which major gaming company claimed copyright ad revenue rights against uploaders?
A3: Nintendo
Q4: When did Nintendo finally agree to share ad profits with the original uploaders?
A4: February 2015
Q5: What option besides removing the video does youtube grant copyright holders?
A5: have them continue running for revenue
Title: MP3
Topic: Engineering and technology

Much of its technology and ideas were incorporated into the definition of ISO MPEG Audio Layer I and Layer II and the filter bank alone into Layer III (MP3) format as part of the computationally inefficient hybrid filter bank. Under the chairmanship of Professor Musmann (University of Hannover) the editing of the standard was made under the responsibilities of Leon van de Kerkhof (Layer I) and Gerhard Stoll (Layer II).

Q1: What was only incorporated into Layer III and not Layers I or II?
A1: filter bank
Q2: Who was the chair that oversaw the editing of the standard?
A2: Professor Musmann
Q3: Who's responsibility was it to edit the standard for Layer I?
A3: Leon van de Kerkhof
Q4: Who's responsibility was it to edit the standard for Layer II?
A4: Gerhard Stoll
Title: Mandolin
Topic: Music

Much of mandolin development revolved around the soundboard (the top). Pre-mandolin instruments were quiet instruments, strung with as many as six courses of gut strings, and were plucked with the fingers or with a quill. However, modern instruments are louder—using four courses of metal strings, which exert more pressure than the gut strings. The modern soundboard is designed to withstand the pressure of metal strings that would break earlier instruments. The soundboard comes in many shapes—but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections. There is usually one or more sound holes in the soundboard, either round, oval, or shaped like a calligraphic F (f-hole). A round or oval sound hole may be covered or bordered with decorative rosettes or purfling.

Q1: What did most of the development of the mandolin revolve around?
A1: soundboard (the top)
Q2: Were premandolins quiet or loud instruments? 
A2: quiet instruments
Q3: What are modern mandolins' strings made of? 
A3: four courses of metal strings,
Q4: What is the most common soundboard shape?
A4: generally round or teardrop-shaped
Q5: What are the sound holes covered with? 
A5: bordered with decorative rosettes or purfling
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

Much of the Alpine culture is unchanged since the medieval period when skills that guaranteed survival in the mountain valleys and in the highest villages became mainstays, leading to strong traditions of carpentry, woodcarving, baking and pastry-making, and cheesemaking.

Q1: Much of what has not changed since the medieval period?
A1: Alpine culture
Q2: When were skills that guaranteed survival in the mountain valleys most important?
A2: the medieval period
Q3: What is one of the strongest traditions in Alpine culture?
A3: carpentry
Title: Great_Plains
Topic: History

Much of the Great Plains became open range, or rangeland where cattle roamed free, hosting ranching operations where anyone was theoretically free to run cattle. In the spring and fall, ranchers held roundups where their cowboys branded new calves, treated animals and sorted the cattle for sale. Such ranching began in Texas and gradually moved northward. In 1866-95, cowboys herded 10 million cattle north to rail heads such as Dodge City, Kansas and Ogallala, Nebraska; from there, cattle were shipped eastward.

Q1: what type of land is much of the great plans?
A1: open range
Q2: when did ranchers usually have a cattle round up?
A2: spring and fall
Q3: in a cattle round up, what did ranchers do to the new calves?
A3: branded
Q4: from 1866-95 about how many cattle did cowboys herd?
A4: 10 million
Title: Near_East
Topic: Geography and places

Much of the colonial administration belonged to this club, which had been formed by the Duke of Wellington. Meadows' terminology must represent usage by that administration. If not the first use of the terms, the letter to the Times was certainly one of the earliest presentations of this vocabulary to the general public. They became immediately popular, supplanting "Levant" and "East Indies," which gradually receded to minor usages and then began to change meaning.

Q1: What was one of the earliest presentations of this vocabulary?
A1: the letter to the Times
Q2: What was said must represent usage by that administration?
A2: Meadows' terminology
Q3: Who had formed the club that contained much of the colonial administration?
A3: Duke of Wellington
Title: Myanmar
Topic: Geography and places

Much of the country lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Equator. It lies in the monsoon region of Asia, with its coastal regions receiving over 5,000 mm (196.9 in) of rain annually. Annual rainfall in the delta region is approximately 2,500 mm (98.4 in), while average annual rainfall in the Dry Zone in central Myanmar is less than 1,000 mm (39.4 in). The Northern regions of Myanmar are the coolest, with average temperatures of 21 °C (70 °F). Coastal and delta regions have an average maximum temperature of 32 °C (89.6 °F).

Q1: Where does the majority of the Burmese country fall on the globe ?
A1: Much of the country lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Equator
Q2: How much rain is received in the region where Burma is located ?
A2: 5,000 mm (196.9 in) of rain annually
Q3: What is the expected rainfall in the zone considered to be dry in Burma ?
A3: 1,000 mm (39.4 in
Q4: What is the average temperature of the coldest  part of Burma and where is it located ?
A4: The Northern regions of Myanmar are the coolest, with average temperatures of 21 °C (70 °F).
Q5: How warm does it get at the height of summer along the in the delta and coastal regions of Burma?
A5: Coastal and delta regions have an average maximum temperature of 32 °C (89.6 °F).
Title: Ottoman_Empire
Topic: History

Much of the cuisine of former Ottoman territories today is descended from a shared Ottoman cuisine, especially Turkish cuisine, and including Greek cuisine, Balkan cuisine, Armenian cuisine, and Middle Eastern cuisine. Many common dishes in the region, descendants of the once-common Ottoman cuisine, include yogurt, döner kebab/gyro/shawarma, cacık/tzatziki, ayran, pita bread, feta cheese, baklava, lahmacun, moussaka, yuvarlak, köfte/keftés/kofta, börek/boureki, rakı/rakia/tsipouro/tsikoudia, meze, dolma, sarma, rice pilaf, Turkish coffee, sujuk, kashk, keşkek, manti, lavash, kanafeh, and more.

Q1: Turkish cuisine originates from what source?
A1: a shared Ottoman cuisine
Q2: The cuisine of what territories are descended from Ottoman cuisine?
A2: former Ottoman territories
Q3: Turkish and Greek cuisine are descended from Ottoman Cuisine, along with the food of what other regions?
A3: Balkan cuisine, Armenian cuisine, and Middle Eastern cuisine
Q4: Turkish coffee is descended from what?
A4: Ottoman cuisine
Q5: Pita bread descends from what type of cuisine?
A5: Ottoman cuisine