LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Ottoman_Empire
Topic: History

The art of carpet weaving was particularly significant in the Ottoman Empire, carpets having an immense importance both as decorative furnishings, rich in religious and other symbolism, and as a practical consideration, as it was customary to remove one's shoes in living quarters. The weaving of such carpets originated in the nomadic cultures of central Asia (carpets being an easily transportable form of furnishing), and was eventually spread to the settled societies of Anatolia. Turks used carpets, rugs and kilims not just on the floors of a room, but also as a hanging on walls and doorways, where they provided additional insulation. They were also commonly donated to mosques, which often amassed large collections of them.

Q1: Which art was important in religious symbolism and as a decoration in the Ottoman empire?
A1: carpet weaving
Q2: What was the custom for those wearing shoes indoors in the Ottoman empire?
A2: it was customary to remove one's shoes
Q3: Where did carpet weaving in the Empire originate?
A3: the nomadic cultures of central Asia
Q4: Where did carpet weaving initially spread to inside of the Empire?
A4: Anatolia
Q5: Kilims were used by Turks to provide insulation where?
A5: walls and doorways
Title: Computer
Topic: Engineering and technology

The art of mechanical analog computing reached its zenith with the differential analyzer, built by H. L. Hazen and Vannevar Bush at MIT starting in 1927. This built on the mechanical integrators of James Thomson and the torque amplifiers invented by H. W. Nieman. A dozen of these devices were built before their obsolescence became obvious.

Q1: Where was the differential analyzer built by H.L. Hazen?
A1: MIT
Q2: The differential analyzer by H.L. Hazen and Vannevar Bush was first being built in what year?
A2: 1927
Q3: The torque amplifiers of the differential analyzer were created by whom?
A3: H. W. Nieman
Title: Chinese_characters
Topic: Language and literature

The art of writing Chinese characters is called Chinese calligraphy. It is usually done with ink brushes. In ancient China, Chinese calligraphy is one of the Four Arts of the Chinese Scholars. There is a minimalist set of rules of Chinese calligraphy. Every character from the Chinese scripts is built into a uniform shape by means of assigning it a geometric area in which the character must occur. Each character has a set number of brushstrokes; none must be added or taken away from the character to enhance it visually, lest the meaning be lost. Finally, strict regularity is not required, meaning the strokes may be accentuated for dramatic effect of individual style. Calligraphy was the means by which scholars could mark their thoughts and teachings for immortality, and as such, represent some of the more precious treasures that can be found from ancient China.

Q1: What is the art of writing Chinese characters?
A1: Chinese calligraphy
Q2: What is one of the Four Arts of the Chinese Scholars?
A2: Chinese calligraphy
Q3: What is not required?
A3: strict regularity
Title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess
Topic: Video games

The artificial intelligence (AI) of enemies in Twilight Princess is more advanced than that of enemies in The Wind Waker. Enemies react to defeated companions and to arrows or slingshot pellets that pass by, and can detect Link from a greater distance than was possible in previous games.

Q1: What does AI stand for?
A1: artificial intelligence
Q2: What is a game whose enemies have more rudimentary programming than those in Twilight Princess?
A2: The Wind Waker
Q3: What do enemies do to defeated companions?
A3: react
Q4: What feature of the enemies in Twilight Princess is more advanced?
A4: artificial intelligence
Q5: Who can enemies detect from a greater distance than in previous games?
A5: Link
Title: Southeast_Asia
Topic: Geography and places

The arts of Southeast Asia have affinity with the arts of other areas. Dance in much of Southeast Asia includes movement of the hands as well as the feet, to express the dance's emotion and meaning of the story that the ballerina is going to tell the audience. Most of Southeast Asia introduced dance into their court; in particular, Cambodian royal ballet represented them in the early 7th century before the Khmer Empire, which was highly influenced by Indian Hinduism. Apsara Dance, famous for strong hand and feet movement, is a great example of Hindu symbolic dance.

Q1: Where did the Southeast Asians introduce their dance?
A1: into their court
Q2: Which dance was famous for strong feet & hand movements?
A2: Apsara Dance
Q3: The Khmer Empire was influenced by what?
A3: Indian Hinduism
Title: Catalan_language
Topic: Language and literature

The ascription of Catalan to the Occitano-Romance branch of Gallo-Romance languages is not shared by all linguists and philologists, particularly among Spanish ones, such as Ramón Menéndez Pidal.

Q1: To what branch of Gallo-Romance languages is Catalan attributed?
A1: Occitano-Romance
Q2: Who disagrees with putting Catalan in the Occitano-Romance branch?
A2: linguists
Q3: What kind of linguists do not like placing Catalan in the Occitano-Romance category?
A3: Spanish ones
Title: Roman_Republic
Topic: History

The assembly of the tribes (i.e. the citizens of Rome), the Comitia Tributa, was presided over by a consul, and was composed of 35 tribes. The tribes were not ethnic or kinship groups, but rather geographical subdivisions. The order that the thirty-five tribes would vote in was selected randomly by lot. Once a measure received support from a majority of the tribes, the voting would end. While it did not pass many laws, the Comitia Tributa did elect quaestors, curule aediles, and military tribunes. The Plebeian Council was identical to the assembly of the tribes, but excluded the patricians (the elite who could trace their ancestry to the founding of Rome). They elected their own officers, plebeian tribunes and plebeian aediles. Usually a plebeian tribune would preside over the assembly. This assembly passed most laws, and could also act as a court of appeal.

Q1: How many tribes were considered to be in the Comitia Tributa?
A1: 35 tribes
Q2: How were the assembly of tribes segregated into specific tribes?
A2: geographical subdivisions
Q3: What assembly was responsible for the election of quaestors?
A3: the Comitia Tributa
Q4: When would the assembly of tribes cease voting?
A4: Once a measure received support from a majority of the tribes
Q5: Who would be responsible for the election of a plebeian tribune?
A5: a plebeian
Title: Cubism
Topic: Art and architecture

The assertion that the Cubist depiction of space, mass, time, and volume supports (rather than contradicts) the flatness of the canvas was made by Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler as early as 1920, but it was subject to criticism in the 1950s and 1960s, especially by Clement Greenberg. Contemporary views of Cubism are complex, formed to some extent in response to the "Salle 41" Cubists, whose methods were too distinct from those of Picasso and Braque to be considered merely secondary to them. Alternative interpretations of Cubism have therefore developed. Wider views of Cubism include artists who were later associated with the "Salle 41" artists, e.g., Francis Picabia; the brothers Jacques Villon, Raymond Duchamp-Villon and Marcel Duchamp, who beginning in late 1911 formed the core of the Section d'Or (or the Puteaux Group); the sculptors Alexander Archipenko, Joseph Csaky and Ossip Zadkine as well as Jacques Lipchitz and Henri Laurens; and painters such as Louis Marcoussis, Roger de La Fresnaye, František Kupka, Diego Rivera, Léopold Survage, Auguste Herbin, André Lhote, Gino Severini (after 1916), María Blanchard (after 1916) and Georges Valmier (after 1918). More fundamentally, Christopher Green argues that Douglas Cooper's terms were "later undermined by interpretations of the work of Picasso, Braque, Gris and Léger that stress iconographic and ideological questions rather than methods of representation."

Q1: Who asserted that the flat canvas supported Cubism? 
A1: Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler
Q2: In what year was the assertion made that the flat canvas supported Cubism?
A2: early as 1920
Q3: When was the assertion that the flat canvas supported Cubism put into debate?
A3: 1950s and 1960s,
Q4: Who was the main opponent that began to argue that the flat canvas did not support Cubism? 
A4: Clement Greenberg.
Q5: Who's work undermined Douglass  Coopers terms describing Cubism?
A5: Picasso, Braque, Gris and Léger
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The assertions of Chinese philosophy began to integrate concepts of Western philosophy, as steps toward modernization. By the time of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, there were many calls, such as the May Fourth Movement, to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China. There were attempts to incorporate democracy, republicanism, and industrialism into Chinese philosophy, notably by Sun Yat-Sen (Sūn yì xiān, in one Mandarin form of the name) at the beginning of the 20th century. Mao Zedong (Máo zé dōng) added Marxist-Leninist thought. When the Communist Party of China took over power, previous schools of thought, excepting notably Legalism, were denounced as backward, and later even purged during the Cultural Revolution.

Q1: Why did Chinese philosophy begin to mix with western concepts?
A1: as steps toward modernization
Q2: When did the Xinhai Revolution begin?
A2: 1911
Q3: What is the May Forth Movement?
A3: to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China
Q4: What did Marxist-Leninst add to Chinese philosophy? 
A4: Marxist-Leninist thought
Q5: During what event was Legalism abolished?
A5: the Cultural Revolution
Title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The assumption of the use of a two-beamed cross does not determine the number of nails used in the crucifixion and some theories suggest three nails while others suggest four nails. However, throughout history larger numbers of nails have been hypothesized, at times as high as 14 nails. These variations are also present in the artistic depictions of the crucifixion. In the Western Church, before the Renaissance usually four nails would be depicted, with the feet side by side. After the Renaissance most depictions use three nails, with one foot placed on the other. Nails are almost always depicted in art, although Romans sometimes just tied the victims to the cross. The tradition also carries to Christian emblems, e.g. the Jesuits use three nails under the IHS monogram and a cross to symbolize the crucifixion.

Q1: How many nails were suggested they used for the crucifixion?
A1: three nails
Q2: According to some sources, what is theorized to be the maximum nails used?
A2: 14 nails
Q3: What adds to the confusion of the number of nails used?
A3: artistic depictions of the crucifixion
Q4: What do all artworks have in common regarding the crucifixion?
A4: Nails are almost always depicted
Q5: Jesuits claim how many nails were used?
A5: three nails
Title: Planck_constant
Topic: Mathematics

The assumption that black-body radiation is thermal leads to an accurate prediction: the total amount of emitted energy goes up with the temperature according to a definite rule, the Stefan–Boltzmann law (1879–84). But it was also known that the colour of the light given off by a hot object changes with the temperature, so that "white hot" is hotter than "red hot". Nevertheless, Wilhelm Wien discovered the mathematical relationship between the peaks of the curves at different temperatures, by using the principle of adiabatic invariance. At each different temperature, the curve is moved over by Wien's displacement law (1893). Wien also proposed an approximation for the spectrum of the object, which was correct at high frequencies (short wavelength) but not at low frequencies (long wavelength). It still was not clear why the spectrum of a hot object had the form that it has (see diagram).

Q1: What assumption that black-body radiation is what leads to an accurate prediction?
A1: thermal
Q2: What does the Stefan-Boltzmann law state?
A2: the total amount of emitted energy goes up with the temperature according to a definite rule
Q3: What about a hot object changes with the temperature?
A3: the colour of the light
Q4: What color is hotter than "red hot"?
A4: white hot
Q5: What did Wilhelm Wien discover?
A5: the mathematical relationship between the peaks of the curves at different temperatures
Q6: What rule predicts that emitted energy increases with temperature?
A6: the Stefan–Boltzmann law
Q7: What characteristic of the light emitted by a hot object changes with temperature?
A7: the colour of the light given off
Q8: Who discovered the mathematical relationship between peaks and curves of light at different temperatures?
A8: Wilhelm Wien
Q9: The rule that adjust the curve at different temperatures is known as what?
A9: Wien's displacement law
Q10: Wien's spectrum model could not predict accurate at what end of the spectrum?
A10: at low frequencies (long wavelength)
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

The astronomer Aristarchus of Samos was the first known person to propose a heliocentric model of the solar system, while the geographer Eratosthenes accurately calculated the circumference of the Earth. Hipparchus (c. 190 – c. 120 BC) produced the first systematic star catalog. The level of achievement in Hellenistic astronomy and engineering is impressively shown by the Antikythera mechanism (150-100 BC), an analog computer for calculating the position of planets. Technological artifacts of similar complexity did not reappear until the 14th century, when mechanical astronomical clocks appeared in Europe.

Q1: Who created the sun-centered model of the solar system?
A1: Aristarchus of Samos
Q2: Who was able to determine the circumference of the Earth?
A2: Eratosthenes
Q3: Who made the first catalog of stars?
A3: Hipparchus
Q4: What was used to determine the position of planets within the solar system?
A4: the Antikythera mechanism
Q5: When was the Antikythera mechanism used?
A5: 150-100 BC
Title: Quran
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The astrophysicist Nidhal Guessoum while being highly critical of pseudo-scientific claims made about the Quran, has highlighted the encouragement for sciences that the Quran provides by developing "the concept of knowledge.". He writes: "The Qur'an draws attention to the danger of conjecturing without evidence (And follow not that of which you have not the (certain) knowledge of... 17:36) and in several different verses asks Muslims to require proofs (Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful 2:111), both in matters of theological belief and in natural science." Guessoum cites Ghaleb Hasan on the definition of "proof" according the Quran being "clear and strong... convincing evidence or argument." Also, such a proof cannot rely on an argument from authority, citing verse 5:104. Lastly, both assertions and rejections require a proof, according to verse 4:174. Ismail al-Faruqi and Taha Jabir Alalwani are of the view that any reawakening of the Muslim civilization must start with the Quran; however, the biggest obstacle on this route is the "centuries old heritage of tafseer (exegesis) and other classical disciplines" which inhibit a "universal, epidemiological and systematic conception" of the Quran's message. The philosopher Muhammad Iqbal, considered the Quran's methodology and epistemology to be empirical and rational.

Q1: Which astrophysicist has written about the ways the Quran encourages scientific thinking?
A1: Nidhal Guessoum
Q2: Verse 2:111 of the Quran supports which aspect of scientific thought and practice?
A2: proof
Q3: Whose scholarship on the concept of proof in the Quran does Guessoum cite?
A3: Ghaleb Hasan
Q4: Which philosopher believed the Quran had a rational and empirical basis like science?
A4: Muhammad Iqbal
Title: Tibet
Topic: Geography and places

The atmosphere is severely dry nine months of the year, and average annual snowfall is only 18 inches (46 cm), due to the rain shadow effect. Western passes receive small amounts of fresh snow each year but remain traversible all year round. Low temperatures are prevalent throughout these western regions, where bleak desolation is unrelieved by any vegetation bigger than a low bush, and where wind sweeps unchecked across vast expanses of arid plain. The Indian monsoon exerts some influence on eastern Tibet. Northern Tibet is subject to high temperatures in the summer and intense cold in the winter.

Q1: What is the average annual snowfall in Tibet?
A1: 18 inches
Q2: What weather pattern exerts some influence on eastern TIbet?
A2: Indian monsoon
Q3: What are winters like in Tibet?
A3: intense cold
Title: Tuvalu
Topic: Geography and places

The atolls have shown resilience to gradual sea-level rise, with atolls and reef islands being able to grow under current climate conditions by generating sufficient sand and coral debris that accumulates and gets dumped on the islands during cyclones. Gradual sea-level rise also allows for coral polyp activity to increase the reefs. However, if the increase in sea level occurs at faster rate as compared to coral growth, or if polyp activity is damaged by ocean acidification, then the resilience of the atolls and reef islands is less certain. The 2011 report of Pacific Climate Change Science Program of Australia concludes, in relation to Tuvalu, states the conclusions that over the course of the 21st century:

Q1: What have the Tuvalu atolls displayed about sea level rise?
A1: resilience
Q2: What does gradual sea level rise allow for coral to increase?
A2: reefs
Q3: What sea level rise rate could cause more uncertainty to the welfare of coral reefs? 
A3: faster rate
Q4: What condition besides sea level rise can damage coral reefs?
A4: ocean acidification
Q5: Where does sand and coral debris end up because of the action of cyclones?
A5: on the islands
Title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay
Topic: Sports and recreation

The attacks on the torch in London and Paris were described as "despicable" by the Chinese government, condemning them as "deliberate disruptions... who gave no thought to the Olympic spirit or the laws of Britain and France" and who "tarnish the lofty Olympic spirit", and vowed they would continue with the relay and not allow the protests to "impede the Olympic spirit". Large-scale counter-protests by overseas Chinese and foreign-based Chinese nationals became prevalent in later segments of the relay. In San Francisco, the number of supporters were much more than the number of protesters, and in Australia, Japan, South Korea, the counter-protesters overwhelmed the protesters. A couple of skirmishes between the protesters and supporters were reported. No major protests were visible in the Latin America, Africa, and Western Asia legs of the torch relay.

Q1: Who condemned the various attacks on the torch relay route?
A1: the Chinese government
Q2: In San Francisco, who had a larger presence than the protesters? 
A2: supporters
Q3: Who overwhelmed the protesters in Japan?
A3: counter-protesters
Q4: Who amassed in large scale against protesters?
A4: counter-protesters
Q5: What was said to have occurred between some supporters and protesters?
A5: skirmishes
Q6: What three areas of the globe were protests reported as not big?
A6: Latin America, Africa, and Western Asia
Title: The_Blitz
Topic: History

The attacks were focused against western ports in March. These attacks produced some breaks in morale, with civil leaders fleeing the cities before the offensive reached its height. But the Luftwaffe's effort eased in the last 10 attacks as seven Kampfgruppen moved to Austria in preparation for the Balkans Campaign in Yugoslavia and Greece. The shortage of bombers caused the OKL to improvise. Some 50 Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers and Jabos (fighter-bombers) were used, officially classed as Leichte Kampfflugzeuge ("light bombers") and sometimes called Leichte Kesselringe ("Light Kesselrings"). The defences failed to prevent widespread damage but on some occasions did prevent German bombers concentrating on their targets. On occasion, only one-third of German bombs hit their targets.

Q1: What was focused in March?
A1: western ports
Q2: What did these attacks accomplish?
A2: breaks in morale
Q3: Why was the OKL forced to improvise?
A3: shortage of bombers
Q4: How many Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers and Jabos were used?
A4: 50
Q5: How many German bombs hit their target?
A5: only one-third
Title: Light-emitting_diode
Topic: Engineering and technology

The attainment of high efficiency in blue LEDs was quickly followed by the development of the first white LED. In this device a Y
3Al
5O
12:Ce (known as "YAG") phosphor coating on the emitter absorbs some of the blue emission and produces yellow light through fluorescence. The combination of that yellow with remaining blue light appears white to the eye. However using different phosphors (fluorescent materials) it also became possible to instead produce green and red light through fluorescence. The resulting mixture of red, green and blue is not only perceived by humans as white light but is superior for illumination in terms of color rendering, whereas one cannot appreciate the color of red or green objects illuminated only by the yellow (and remaining blue) wavelengths from the YAG phosphor.

Q1: What LED quickly followed the blue LEDs?
A1: white
Q2: What does the YAG phosphor coating produce?
A2: yellow light
Title: The_Blitz
Topic: History

The attitude of the Air Ministry was in contrast to the experiences of the First World War when a few German bombers caused physical and psychological damage out of all proportion to their numbers. Around 280 short tons (250 t) (9,000 bombs) had been dropped, killing 1,413 people and injuring 3,500 more. Most people aged 35 or over remembered the threat and greeted the bombings with great trepidation. From 1916–1918, German raids had diminished against countermeasures which demonstrated defence against night air raids was possible.

Q1: People over the age of 35 reacted to the bombings with what?
A1: great trepidation
Q2: Why had German raids decreased between 1916-1918?
A2: countermeasures
Q3: How many people were killed by bomb drops during the first World War?
A3: 1,413
Q4: How many bombs had been dropped?
A4: 9,000
Title: Race_(human_categorization)
Topic: Natural sciences

The authors of the study also examined 77 college textbooks in biology and 69 in physical anthropology published between 1932 and 1989. Physical anthropology texts argued that biological races exist until the 1970s, when they began to argue that races do not exist. In contrast, biology textbooks did not undergo such a reversal but many instead dropped their discussion of race altogether. The authors attributed this to biologists trying to avoid discussing the political implications of racial classifications, instead of discussing them, and to the ongoing discussions in biology about the validity of the concept "subspecies". The authors also noted that some widely used textbooks in biology such as Douglas J. Futuyama's 1986 "Evolutionary Biology" had abandoned the race concept, "The concept of race, masking the overwhelming genetic similarity of all peoples and the mosaic patterns of variation that do not correspond to racial divisions, is not only socially dysfunctional but is biologically indefensible as well (pp. 5 18-5 19)." (Lieberman et al. 1992, pp. 316–17)

Q1: How many college textbooks in biology did the authors of the study examine?
A1: 77
Q2: Up until when did physical anthropology texts still argue that biological races exist?
A2: the 1970s
Q3: What did biology textbooks drop altogether?
A3: their discussion of race
Q4: What were biologists trying to avoid discussing the political implications of?
A4: racial classifications
Q5: What did Douglas J. Futuyama consider the concept of race as not only being socially dysfunctional but this as well?
A5: biologically indefensible
Title: Sahara
Topic: Geography and places

The average annual rainfall ranges from very low in the northern and southern fringes of the desert to nearly non-existent over the central and the eastern part. The thin northern fringe of the desert receives more winter cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of low pressure systems over the Mediterranean Sea along the polar front, although very attenuated by the rain shadow effects of the mountains and the annual average rainfall ranges from 100 mm (3,93 in) to 250 mm (9,84 in). For example, Biskra, Algeria and Ouarzazate, Morocco are found in this zone. The southern fringe of the desert along the border with the Sahel receives summer cloudiness and rainfall due to the arrival of the Intertropical Convergence Zone from the south and the annual average rainfall ranges from 100 mm (3,93 in) to 250 mm (9,84 in). For example, Timbuktu, Mali and Agadez, Niger are found in this zone. The vast central hyper-arid core of the desert is virtually never affected by northerly or southerly atmospheric disturbances and permanently remains under the influence of the strongest anticyclonic weather regime and the annual average rainfall can drop to less than 1 mm (0.04 in). In fact, most of the Sahara receives less than 20 mm (0.79 in). Of the 9,000,000 km2 of desert land in the Sahara, an area of about 2,800,000 km2 (about 31% of the total area) receives an annual average rainfall amount of 10 mm (0.39 in) or less, while some 1,500,000 km2 (about 17% of the total area) receive an average of 5 mm or less. The annual average rainfall is virtually zero over a wide area of some 1,000,000 km2 in the eastern Sahara comprising deserts of Libya, Egypt and Sudan (Tazirbu, Kufra, Dakhla, Kharga, Farafra, Siwa, Asyut, Sohag, Luxor, Aswan, Abu Simbel, Wadi Halfa) where the long-term mean approximates 0.5 mm per year. The rainfall is very unreliable and erratic in the Sahara as it may vary considerably year by year. In full contrast to the negligible annual rainfall amounts, the annual rates of potential evaporation are extraordinarily high, roughly ranging from 2,500 mm/year to more than 6,000 mm/year in the whole desert. Nowhere else on Earth has air been found as dry and evaporative as in the Sahara region. With such an evaporative power, the Sahara can only be desiccated and dried out further more and the moisture deficit is tremendous.

Q1: What is the reason the northern fringe receives more   cloudiness and rainfall?
A1: low pressure systems
Q2: What is the average rainfall of the Sahara?
A2: less than 1 mm
Q3: How much desert land is the Sahara?
A3: 9,000,000 km2 of desert land
Q4: What causes the southern fringe to receive cloudiness and   rainfall?
A4: Intertropical Convergence Zone
Title: Paris
Topic: Geography and places

The average net household income (after social, pension and health insurance contributions) in Paris was €36,085 for 2011. It ranged from €22,095 in the 19th arrondissement to €82,449 in the 7th arrondissement. The median taxable income for 2011 was around €25,000 in Paris and €22,200 for Île-de-France. Generally speaking, incomes are higher in the Western part of the city and in the western suburbs than in the northern and eastern parts of the urban area.[citation needed] Unemployment was estimated at 8.2 percent in the city of Paris and 8.8 percent in the Île-de-France region in the first trimester of 2015. It ranged from 7.6 percent in the wealthy Essonne department to 13.1 percent in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, where many recent immigrants live.

Q1: What was the average net household income in Paris in 2011?
A1: €36,085
Q2: What was the average income in the 19th arrondissement?
A2: €22,095
Q3: What was the average in come in the 7th arrondissement?
A3: €82,449
Q4: What was the unemployment rate in the city of Paris?
A4: 8.2
Q5: What was the unemployment rate in the Siene-Saint-Denis department?
A5: 13.1
Title: Philadelphia
Topic: History

The average population density was 11,457 people per square mile (4,405.4/km²). The Census reported that 1,468,623 people (96.2% of the population) lived in households, 38,007 (2.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 19,376 (1.3%) were institutionalized. In 2013, the city reported having 668,247 total housing units, down slightly from 670,171 housing units in 2010. As of 2013[update], 87 percent of housing units were occupied, while 13 percent were vacant, a slight change from 2010 where 89.5 percent of units were occupied, or 599,736 and 10.5 percent were vacant, or 70,435. Of the city's residents, 32 percent reported having no vehicles available while 23 percent had two or more vehicles available, as of 2013[update].

Q1: What is the density?
A1: 11,457 people per square mile
Q2: How many houses or apartments were there in 2010?
A2: 670,171
Q3: What percent are vacant as of 2013?
A3: 13 percent
Q4: What percent don't own cars?
A4: 32
Q5: What percent own 2 or more cars?
A5: 23
Title: Oklahoma_City
Topic: Geography and places

The average temperature is 61.4 °F (16.3 °C), with the monthly daily average ranging from 39.2 °F (4.0 °C) in January to 83.0 °F (28.3 °C) in July. Extremes range from −17 °F (−27 °C) on February 12, 1899 to 113 °F (45 °C) on August 11, 1936 and August 3, 2012; the last sub-zero (°F) reading was −5 °F (−21 °C) on February 10, 2011. Temperatures reach 100 °F (38 °C) on 10.4 days of the year, 90 °F (32 °C) on nearly 70 days, and fail to rise above freezing on 8.3 days. The city receives about 35.9 inches (91.2 cm) of precipitation annually, of which 8.6 inches (21.8 cm) is snow.

Q1: How much precipitation on average falls within the city?
A1: 35.9 inches
Q2: Out of the precipitation that falls, how much of it is snow?
A2: 8.6 inches
Title: Bird
Topic: Natural sciences

The avian circulatory system is driven by a four-chambered, myogenic heart contained in a fibrous pericardial sac. This pericardial sac is filled with a serous fluid for lubrication. The heart itself is divided into a right and left half, each with an atrium and ventricle. The atrium and ventricles of each side are separated by atrioventricular valves which prevent back flow from one chamber to the next during contraction. Being myogenic, the heart's pace is maintained by pacemaker cells found in the sinoatrial node, located on the right atrium. The sinoatrial node uses calcium to cause a depolarizing signal transduction pathway from the atrium through right and left atrioventricular bundle which communicates contraction to the ventricles. The avian heart also consists of muscular arches that are made up of thick bundles of muscular layers. Much like a mammalian heart, the avian heart is composed of endocardial, myocardial and epicardial layers. The atrium walls tend to be thinner than the ventricle walls, due to the intense ventricular contraction used to pump oxygenated blood throughout the body. Avian hearts are generally larger than mammalian hearts when compared to body mass. This adaptation allows more blood to be pumped to meet the high metabolic need associated with flight.

Q1: The avian circulatory system is driven by what?
A1: four-chambered, myogenic heart
Q2: Where is the heart contained in the avian circulatory system?
A2: fibrous pericardial sac
Q3: What lubricates the pericardial sac?
A3: serous fluid
Q4: Why are Avian hearts larger than mammalian hearts when compared to body mass?
A4: allows more blood to be pumped
Title: John_von_Neumann
Topic: Mathematics

The axiom of foundation established that every set can be constructed from the bottom up in an ordered succession of steps by way of the principles of Zermelo and Fraenkel, in such a manner that if one set belongs to another then the first must necessarily come before the second in the succession, hence excluding the possibility of a set belonging to itself. To demonstrate that the addition of this new axiom to the others did not produce contradictions, von Neumann introduced a method of demonstration, called the method of inner models, which later became an essential instrument in set theory.

Q1: What is the method to demonstrate that no contradictions were created by the addition of axiom of foundation?
A1: method of inner models
Q2: Zermelo and Fraenkel's axiom of foundation established that every set be constructed how?
A2: from the bottom up in an ordered succession of steps
Q3: What excluded a set from belonging to itself in set theory?
A3: if one set belongs to another then the first must necessarily come before the second in the succession
Title: John_von_Neumann
Topic: Mathematics

The axiomatization of mathematics, on the model of Euclid's Elements, had reached new levels of rigour and breadth at the end of the 19th century, particularly in arithmetic, thanks to the axiom schema of Richard Dedekind and Charles Sanders Peirce, and geometry, thanks to David Hilbert. At the beginning of the 20th century, efforts to base mathematics on naive set theory suffered a setback due to Russell's paradox (on the set of all sets that do not belong to themselves). The problem of an adequate axiomatization of set theory was resolved implicitly about twenty years later by Ernst Zermelo and Abraham Fraenkel. Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory provided a series of principles that allowed for the construction of the sets used in the everyday practice of mathematics. But they did not explicitly exclude the possibility of the existence of a set that belongs to itself. In his doctoral thesis of 1925, von Neumann demonstrated two techniques to exclude such sets—the axiom of foundation and the notion of class.

Q1: What caused a setback in naive set theory at the beginning of 20th century?
A1: Russell's paradox
Q2: Who resolved the problem of adequate axiomatization of set theory?
A2: Ernst Zermelo and Abraham Fraenkel
Q3: What 2 techniques did Von Neumann use to exclude sets in his doctoral thesis in 1925?
A3: the axiom of foundation and the notion of class.
Title: Tuberculosis
Topic: Natural sciences

The bacillus causing tuberculosis, M. tuberculosis, was identified and described on 24 March 1882 by Robert Koch. He received the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1905 for this discovery. Koch did not believe the bovine (cattle) and human tuberculosis diseases were similar, which delayed the recognition of infected milk as a source of infection. Later, the risk of transmission from this source was dramatically reduced by the invention of the pasteurization process. Koch announced a glycerine extract of the tubercle bacilli as a "remedy" for tuberculosis in 1890, calling it "tuberculin". While it was not effective, it was later successfully adapted as a screening test for the presence of pre-symptomatic tuberculosis. The World Tuberculosis Day was established on 24 March for this reason.

Q1: Who discovered M. tuberculosis?
A1: Robert Koch
Q2: What year was Koch awarded a Nobel Prize?
A2: 1905
Q3: Koch's conviction that human and bovine strains of TB were unrelated meant more people were exposed by drinking what?
A3: milk
Q4: What did Koch call the ineffective treatment for TB he came up with in 1890?
A4: tuberculin
Q5: What event is celebrated on March 24th to recognize the test for latent TB?
A5: World Tuberculosis Day
Title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System
Topic: Video games

The back of the cartridge bears a label with instructions on handling. Production and software revision codes were imprinted as stamps on the back label to correspond with the software version and producer. With the exception of The Legend of Zelda and Zelda II: The Adventure of Link, manufactured in gold-plastic carts, all licensed NTSC and PAL cartridges are a standard shade of gray plastic. Unlicensed carts were produced in black, robin egg blue, and gold, and are all slightly different shapes than standard NES cartridges. Nintendo also produced yellow-plastic carts for internal use at Nintendo Service Centers, although these "test carts" were never made available for purchase. All licensed US cartridges were made by Nintendo, Konami and Acclaim. For promotion of DuckTales: Remastered, Capcom sent 150 limited-edition gold NES cartridges with the original game, featuring the Remastered art as the sticker, to different gaming news agencies. The instruction label on the back included the opening lyric from the show's theme song, "Life is like a hurricane".

Q1: The Zelda games were manufactured in what color cartridge?
A1: gold
Q2: What is the standard color of all other cartridges?
A2: gray
Q3: What color were cartridges produced by Nintendo for internal use?
A3: yellow
Q4: What was distinctly made by Nintendo, Konami, and Acclaim?
A4: licensed US cartridges
Q5: What was the opening lyric from the Duck Tales theme show?
A5: Life is like a hurricane
Title: Bacteria
Topic: Natural sciences

The bacterial cell is surrounded by a cell membrane (also known as a lipid, cytoplasmic or plasma membrane). This membrane encloses the contents of the cell and acts as a barrier to hold nutrients, proteins and other essential components of the cytoplasm within the cell. As they are prokaryotes, bacteria do not usually have membrane-bound organelles in their cytoplasm, and thus contain few large intracellular structures. They lack a true nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts and the other organelles present in eukaryotic cells. Bacteria were once seen as simple bags of cytoplasm, but structures such as the prokaryotic cytoskeleton and the localization of proteins to specific locations within the cytoplasm that give bacteria some complexity have been discovered. These subcellular levels of organization have been called "bacterial hyperstructures".

Q1: What is a cell membrane?
A1: lipid
Q2: What does membrane accomplish?
A2: barrier to hold nutrients, proteins and other essential components
Q3: Do bacteria have membrabe-bound organelles in their cytoplasm?
A3: do not
Q4: Absence of what make bacteria belong to prokaryotes?
A4: true nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts and the other organelles
Q5: What bacteria was observed as before prokaryotic cytoskeleton was discovered?
A5: simple bags of cytoplasm
Title: Mosaic
Topic: Art and architecture

The ban on figurative depiction was not taken so seriously by the Jews living in Byzantine Gaza. In 1966 remains of a synagogue were found in the ancient harbour area. Its mosaic floor depicts King David as Orpheus, identified by his name in Hebrew letters. Near him were lion cubs, a giraffe and a snake listening to him playing a lyre. A further portion of the floor was divided by medallions formed by vine leaves, each of which contains an animal: a lioness suckling her cub, a giraffe, peacocks, panthers, bears, a zebra and so on. The floor was paved in 508/509. It is very similar to that of the synagogue at Maon (Menois) and the Christian church at Shellal, suggesting that the same artist most probably worked at all three places.

Q1: In Byzantine Gaza, Jews were relaxed on what ban?
A1: figurative depiction
Q2: Where were ancient remains of a synagogue found in 1966?
A2: in the ancient harbour area
Q3: The mosaic found in 1966 depicts who as the central figure?
A3: King David as Orpheus
Q4: What is the central figure doing in the mosaic found in 1966?
A4: playing a lyre
Q5: When was the mosaic floor constructed?
A5: in 508/509
Title: Queen_(band)
Topic: Music

The band had a number of bass players during this period who did not fit with the band's chemistry. It was not until February 1971 that they settled on John Deacon and began to rehearse for their first album. They recorded four of their own songs, "Liar", "Keep Yourself Alive", "The Night Comes Down" and "Jesus", for a demo tape; no record companies were interested. It was also around this time Freddie changed his surname to "Mercury", inspired by the line "Mother Mercury, look what they've done to me" in the song "My Fairy King". On 2 July 1971, Queen played their first show in the classic line-up of Mercury, May, Taylor and Deacon at a Surrey college outside London.

Q1: John Deacon played what instrument?
A1: bass
Q2: In what year did John Deacon join Queen?
A2: 1971
Q3: What did Freddie from Queen change his last name to?
A3: Mercury
Q4: What song inspired Freddie from Queen's surname?
A4: My Fairy King
Q5: On what date did Queen play their first show?
A5: 2 July 1971
Title: Queen_(band)
Topic: Music

The band have released a total of eighteen number one albums, eighteen number one singles, and ten number one DVDs worldwide, making them one of the world's best-selling music artists. Queen have sold over 150 million records, with some estimates in excess of 300 million records worldwide, including 34.5 million albums in the US as of 2004. Inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001, the band is the only group in which every member has composed more than one chart-topping single, and all four members were inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2003. In 2009, "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions" were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, and the latter was voted the world's favourite song in a global music poll.

Q1: How many number one albums has Queen released?
A1: eighteen
Q2: How many number one singles did Queen release?
A2: eighteen
Q3: How many number one DVD's has Queen released?
A3: ten
Q4: How many albums has Queen sold worldwide?
A4: over 150 million
Q5: When was Queen inducted into the Hall of Fame?
A5: 2001
Title: Queen_(band)
Topic: Music

The band's sixth studio album News of the World was released in 1977, which has gone four times platinum in the United States, and twice in the UK. The album contained many songs tailor-made for live performance, including two of rock's most recognisable anthems, "We Will Rock You" and the rock ballad "We Are the Champions", both of which became enduring international sports anthems, and the latter reached number four in the US. Queen commenced the News of the World Tour in October 1977, and Robert Hilburn of the Los Angeles Times called this concert tour the band's "most spectacularly staged and finely honed show".

Q1: Queen's sixth album was released in what year?
A1: 1977
Q2: How many times platinum did Queen's News of the World go?
A2: four
Q3: Queen's News of the World contained which two rock anthems?
A3: "We Will Rock You" and the rock ballad "We Are the Champions"
Q4: Queen's News of the World Tour took place in what year?
A4: 1977
Title: Queen_(band)
Topic: Music

The band, now revitalised by the response to Live Aid – a "shot in the arm" Roger Taylor called it, — and the ensuing increase in record sales, ended 1985 by releasing the single "One Vision", which was the third time after "Stone Cold Crazy" and "Under Pressure (with David Bowie)" that all four bandmembers received a writing credit for the one song. Also, a limited-edition boxed set containing all Queen albums to date was released under the title of The Complete Works. The package included previously unreleased material, most notably Queen's non-album single of Christmas 1984, titled "Thank God It's Christmas".

Q1: What year was Queen's One Vision released?
A1: 1985
Q2: How many band members wrote Queen's One Vision?
A2: four
Q3: What was the mid 1980s Queen boxed set called?
A3: The Complete Works
Q4: What was Queen's 1984 Christmas song called?
A4: Thank God It's Christmas
Title: Mandolin
Topic: Music

The bandolim (Portuguese for "mandolin") was a favourite instrument within the Portuguese bourgeoisie of the 19th century, but its rapid spread took it to other places, joining other instruments. Today you can see mandolins as part of the traditional and folk culture of Portuguese singing groups and the majority of the mandolin scene in Portugal is in Madeira Island. Madeira has over 17 active mandolin Orchestras and Tunas. The mandolin virtuoso Fabio Machado is one of Portugal's most accomplished mandolin players. The Portuguese influence brought the mandolin to Brazil.

Q1: What does bandolim mean?
A1: Portuguese for "mandolin"
Q2: When was the bandolim porpular among the Portugese bourgeoisie?
A2: 19th century
Q3: Where can you see mandolins a part of in Portgal? 
A3: traditional and folk culture
Q4: Where is the Portuguese mandolin scene located? 
A4: Madeira Island
Q5: How many active mandolin orchestras does the Madiera Island have? 
A5: over 17
Title: Antenna_(radio)
Topic: Engineering and technology

The bandwidth characteristics of a resonant antenna element can be characterized according to its Q, just as one uses to characterize the sharpness of an L-C resonant circuit. However it is often assumed that there is an advantage in an antenna having a high Q. After all, Q is short for "quality factor" and a low Q typically signifies excessive loss (due to unwanted resistance) in a resonant L-C circuit. However this understanding does not apply to resonant antennas where the resistance involved is the radiation resistance, a desired quantity which removes energy from the resonant element in order to radiate it (the purpose of an antenna, after all!). The Q is a measure of the ratio of reactance to resistance, so with a fixed radiation resistance (an element's radiation resistance is almost independent of its diameter) a greater reactance off-resonance corresponds to the poorer bandwidth of a very thin conductor. The Q of such a narrowband antenna can be as high as 15. On the other hand, a thick element presents less reactance at an off-resonant frequency, and consequently a Q as low as 5. These two antennas will perform equivalently at the resonant frequency, but the second antenna will perform over a bandwidth 3 times as wide as the "hi-Q" antenna consisting of a thin conductor.

Q1: The properties of a usable radio frequency can be called its?
A1: Q
Q2: What is a measure of the comparison between reactance and resistance?
A2: Q
Q3: What is the largest Q that could be achieved with a slimmer band antenna?
A3: 15
Q4: What type of element would be used to encounter less reactance?
A4: thick
Title: European_Central_Bank
Topic: Geography and places

The bank is based in Frankfurt, the largest financial centre in the Eurozone. Its location in the city is fixed by the Amsterdam Treaty. The bank moved to new purpose-built headquarters in 2014 which were designed a Vienna-based architectural office named Coop Himmelbau. The building is approximately 180 metres (591 ft) tall and will be accompanied with other secondary buildings on a landscaped site on the site of the former wholesale market in the eastern part of Frankfurt am Main. The main construction began in October 2008, and it was expected that the building will become an architectural symbol for Europe. While it was designed to accommodate double the number of staff who operate in the former Eurotower, that building has been retained since the ECB took responsibility for banking supervision and more space was hence required.

Q1: Where is the European Central bank located?
A1: Frankfurt
Q2: What decided where the bank was to be located?
A2: Amsterdam Treaty
Q3: When did the bank move to it's new headquarters?
A3: 2014
Q4: What previously stood where the bank is now?
A4: the former wholesale market
Q5: When did construction of the new bank begin?
A5: October 2008
Title: European_Central_Bank
Topic: Geography and places

The bank must also co-operate within the EU and internationally with third bodies and entities. Finally, it contributes to maintaining a stable financial system and monitoring the banking sector. The latter can be seen, for example, in the bank's intervention during the subprime mortgage crisis when it loaned billions of euros to banks to stabilise the financial system. In December 2007, the ECB decided in conjunction with the Federal Reserve System under a programme called Term auction facility to improve dollar liquidity in the eurozone and to stabilise the money market.

Q1: What did the ECB do to help stabilise the financial system during the subprime mortgage crisis?
A1: loaned billions of euros to banks
Q2: Why did the ECB intervene during the subprime mortgage crisis?
A2: to stabilise the financial system
Q3: Who decided, along with the ECB, to use Term auction to help stabilize the financial crisis and improve dollar liquidity?
A3: Federal Reserve System
Q4: Besides cooperating with other financial institutions, how does the ECB help to maintain stability?
A4: contributes to maintaining a stable financial system and monitoring the banking sector
Q5: When did the ECB and Federal Rserve decide to collaborate on Term auction facility?
A5: December 2007