LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Yale_University
Topic: History

Yale's secret society buildings (some of which are called "tombs") were built both to be private yet unmistakable. A diversity of architectural styles is represented: Berzelius, Donn Barber in an austere cube with classical detailing (erected in 1908 or 1910); Book and Snake, Louis R. Metcalfe in a Greek Ionic style (erected in 1901); Elihu, architect unknown but built in a Colonial style (constructed on an early 17th-century foundation although the building is from the 18th century); Mace and Chain, in a late colonial, early Victorian style (built in 1823). Interior moulding is said to have belonged to Benedict Arnold; Manuscript Society, King Lui-Wu with Dan Kniley responsible for landscaping and Josef Albers for the brickwork intaglio mural. Building constructed in a mid-century modern style; Scroll and Key, Richard Morris Hunt in a Moorish- or Islamic-inspired Beaux-Arts style (erected 1869–70); Skull and Bones, possibly Alexander Jackson Davis or Henry Austin in an Egypto-Doric style utilizing Brownstone (in 1856 the first wing was completed, in 1903 the second wing, 1911 the Neo-Gothic towers in rear garden were completed); St. Elmo, (former tomb) Kenneth M. Murchison, 1912, designs inspired by Elizabethan manor. Current location, brick colonial; Shabtai, 1882, the Anderson Mansion built in the Second Empire architectural style; and Wolf's Head, Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue (erected 1923-4).

Q1: What is another term for some of Yale's secret society buildings?
A1: tombs
Q2: Who is the interior moulding of the Mace and Chain building rumored to have belonged to?
A2: Benedict Arnold
Q3: Who was responsible for landscaping the Manuscript Society building?
A3: Dan Kniley
Q4: Who was the architect for St. Elmo?
A4: Kenneth M. Murchison
Q5: Who was the architect behind the Manuscript Society building?
A5: King Lui-Wu
Title: Kievan_Rus%27
Topic: History

Yaroslav, known as "the Wise", struggled for power with his brothers. A son of Vladimir the Great, he was vice-regent of Novgorod at the time of his father's death in 1015. Subsequently, his eldest surviving brother, Svyatopolk the Accursed, killed three of his other brothers and seized power in Kiev. Yaroslav, with the active support of the Novgorodians and the help of Viking mercenaries, defeated Svyatopolk and became the grand prince of Kiev in 1019. Although he first established his rule over Kiev in 1019, he did not have uncontested rule of all of Kievan Rus' until 1036. Like Vladimir, Yaroslav was eager to improve relations with the rest of Europe, especially the Byzantine Empire. Yaroslav's granddaughter, Eupraxia the daughter of his son Vsevolod I, Prince of Kiev, was married to Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. Yaroslav also arranged marriages for his sister and three daughters to the kings of Poland, France, Hungary and Norway. Yaroslav promulgated the first East Slavic law code, Russkaya Pravda; built Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev and Saint Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod; patronized local clergy and monasticism; and is said to have founded a school system. Yaroslav's sons developed the great Kiev Pechersk Lavra (monastery), which functioned in Kievan Rus' as an ecclesiastical academy.

Q1: What was Yaroslav also known as?
A1: the Wise
Q2: Who was Yaroslav's father?
A2: Vladimir the Great
Q3: In what year did Yaroslav become the prince of Kiev?
A3: 1019
Title: Umayyad_Caliphate
Topic: History

Yazid died while the siege was still in progress, and the Umayyad army returned to Damascus, leaving Ibn al-Zubayr in control of Mecca. Yazid's son Muawiya II (683–84) initially succeeded him but seems to have never been recognized as caliph outside of Syria. Two factions developed within Syria: the Confederation of Qays, who supported Ibn al-Zubayr, and the Quda'a, who supported Marwan, a descendant of Umayya via Wa'il ibn Umayyah. The partisans of Marwan triumphed at a battle at Marj Rahit, near Damascus, in 684, and Marwan became caliph shortly thereafter.

Q1: Who was the son of Yazid?
A1: Muawiya II
Q2: When did Muawiya II's reign begin?
A2: 683
Q3: Who had the support of the Confederation of Qays?
A3: Ibn al-Zubayr
Q4: From whom was Marwan descended?
A4: Umayya via Wa'il ibn Umayyah
Q5: In what year did the battle of Marj Rahit occur?
A5: 684
Title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake
Topic: Natural sciences

Ye Zhiping, the principal of Sangzao Middle School in Sangzao, one of the largest in An County, has been credited with proactive action that spared the lives of all 2,323 pupils in attendance when the earthquake happened. During a three-year period that ended in 2007, he oversaw a major overhaul of his school. During that time he obtained more than 400,000 yuan (US$60,000) from the county education department, money used to widen and strengthen concrete pillars and the balcony railing of all four storeys of his school, as well as secure its concrete floors.

Q1: Who was the principal of Sangzao Middle School? 
A1: Ye Zhiping
Q2: What was the principal credited with?
A2: proactive action that spared the lives of all 2,323 pupils in attendance when the earthquake happened
Q3: How many students attended the school?
A3: 2,323
Q4: How much money was used to strengthen the construction of the school?
A4: 400,000 yuan
Q5: What school principal strengthened his school?
A5: Ye Zhiping
Q6: Where is the Sangzao Middle School?
A6: Sangzao
Q7: The Sangzao school is one of the biggest in what county?
A7: An County
Q8: How many years was Ye Zhiping involved in the school overhaul?
A8: three-year period
Title: Seven_Years%27_War
Topic: History

Years later, Kaunitz kept trying to establish France's alliance with Austria. He tried as hard as he could for Austria to not get entangled in Hanover's political affairs, and was even willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid in recapturing Silesia. Frustrated by this decision and by the Dutch Republic's insistence on neutrality, Britain soon turned to Russia. On September 30, 1755, Britain pledged financial aid to Russia in order to station 50,000 troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border, so they could defend Britain's interests in Hanover immediately. Besthuzev, assuming the preparation was directed against Prussia, was more than happy to obey the request of the British. Unbeknownst to the other powers, King George II also made overtures to the Prussian king; Frederick, who began fearing the Austro-Russian intentions, and was excited to welcome a rapprochement with Britain. On January 16, 1756, the Convention of Westminster was signed wherein Britain and Prussia promised to aid one another in order to achieve lasting peace and stability in Europe.

Q1: What was Kaunitz of Austria willing to trade for French help in capturing Silesia?
A1: willing to trade Austrian Netherlands for France's aid
Q2: What did Russia use Britain's money for?
A2: to station 50,000 troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border, so they could defend Britain's interests in Hanover
Q3: What countries teamed together at the Convention of Westminster?
A3: Britain and Prussia
Q4: When was the Convention of Westminster signed?
A4: January 16, 1756
Q5: Why was Beshuzev happy to put the troops on the Livonian-Lithunian border?
A5: Besthuzev, assuming the preparation was directed against Prussia,
Title: Armenia
Topic: History

Yerevan Vernissage (arts and crafts market), close to Republic Square, bustles with hundreds of vendors selling a variety of crafts on weekends and Wednesdays (though the selection is much reduced mid-week). The market offers woodcarving, antiques, fine lace, and the hand-knotted wool carpets and kilims that are a Caucasus specialty. Obsidian, which is found locally, is crafted into assortment of jewellery and ornamental objects. Armenian gold smithery enjoys a long tradition, populating one corner of the market with a selection of gold items. Soviet relics and souvenirs of recent Russian manufacture – nesting dolls, watches, enamel boxes and so on – are also available at the Vernisage.

Q1: What is Obsidian used for?
A1: jewellery and ornamental objects
Q2: What are some examples of soviet memorabilia that can be purchased at Vernissage?
A2: nesting dolls, watches, enamel boxes
Q3: What types of crafts can be purchased at Vernissage?
A3: woodcarving, antiques, fine lace, and the hand-knotted wool carpets and kilims
Q4: What is Vernissage?
A4: arts and crafts market
Title: Seattle
Topic: History

Yet another boom began as the city emerged from the Great Recession. Amazon.com moved its headquarters from North Beacon Hill to South Lake Union and began a rapid expansion. For the five years beginning in 2010, Seattle gained an average of 14,511 residents per year, with the growth strongly skewed toward the center of the city, as unemployment dropped from roughly 9 percent to 3.6 percent. The city has found itself "bursting at the seams," with over 45,000 households spending more than half their income on housing and at least 2,800 people homeless, and with the country's sixth-worst rush hour traffic.

Q1: What large company moved its headquarters to South Lake Union in Seattle?
A1: Amazon.com
Q2: When did Amazon begin its latest expansion?
A2: 2010
Q3: How many new people move to Seattle each year?
A3: 14,511
Q4: How much of their income do half of Seattle's population have to spend on housing?
A4: more than half
Q5: Where does Seattle rank in rush hour traffic?
A5: sixth-worst
Title: Muslim_world
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Yet another influential philosopher who had an influence on modern philosophy was Ibn Tufail. His philosophical novel, Hayy ibn Yaqdha, translated into Latin as Philosophus Autodidactus in 1671, developed the themes of empiricism, tabula rasa, nature versus nurture, condition of possibility, materialism, and Molyneux's problem. European scholars and writers influenced by this novel include John Locke, Gottfried Leibniz, Melchisédech Thévenot, John Wallis, Christiaan Huygens, George Keith, Robert Barclay, the Quakers, and Samuel Hartlib.

Q1: Which philosopher from the Muslim world influenced modern philosophy?
A1: Ibn Tufail
Q2: Who wrote Hayy ibn Yaqdha?
A2: Ibn Tufail
Q3: In what year was Hayy ibn Yaqdha translated to the Latin language?
A3: 1671
Q4: What kind of book is Hayy ibn Yaqdha?
A4: philosophical novel
Title: The_Bronx
Topic: Geography and places

Yet another may have been a reduction in the real-estate listings and property-related financial services (such as mortgage loans or insurance policies) offered in some areas of the Bronx — a process known as redlining. Others have suggested a "planned shrinkage" of municipal services, such as fire-fighting. There was also much debate as to whether rent control laws had made it less profitable (or more costly) for landlords to maintain existing buildings with their existing tenants than to abandon or destroy those buildings.

Q1: What is redlining?
A1: a reduction in the real-estate listings and property-related financial services (such as mortgage loans or insurance policies) offered in some areas
Q2: What might have encouraged landlords to abandon or destroy buildings?
A2: rent control laws
Q3: What example city service was cut back on in the Bronx?
A3: fire-fighting
Title: Qing_dynasty
Topic: History

Yet controlling the "Mandate of Heaven" was a daunting task. The vastness of China's territory meant that there were only enough banner troops to garrison key cities forming the backbone of a defense network that relied heavily on surrendered Ming soldiers. In addition, three surrendered Ming generals were singled out for their contributions to the establishment of the Qing dynasty, ennobled as feudal princes (藩王), and given governorships over vast territories in Southern China. The chief of these was Wu Sangui, who was given the provinces of Yunnan and Guizhou, while generals Shang Kexi and Geng Jingzhong were given Guangdong and Fujian provinces respectively.

Q1: Who was the most important Ming general?
A1: Wu Sangui
Q2: What provinces did Sangui control?
A2: Yunnan and Guizhou
Q3: Name the other two important Ming generals?
A3: Shang Kexi and Geng Jingzhong
Q4: Which provinces did Kexi and Jingzhong receive?
A4: Guangdong and Fujian
Title: Qing_dynasty
Topic: History

Yet the most impressive aesthetic works were done among the scholars and urban elite. Calligraphy and painting remained a central interest to both court painters and scholar-gentry who considered the Four Arts part of their cultural identity and social standing. The painting of the early years of the dynasty included such painters as the orthodox Four Wangs and the individualists Bada Shanren (1626–1705) and Shitao (1641–1707). The nineteenth century saw such innovations as the Shanghai School and the Lingnan School which used the technical skills of tradition to set the stage for modern painting.

Q1: Name three painters?
A1: Four Wangs and the individualists Bada Shanren (1626–1705) and Shitao (1641–1707)
Q2: What two schools of art were created in the 19th century?
A2: Shanghai School and the Lingnan School
Q3: Name two arts of the Four Arts?
A3: Calligraphy and painting
Title: Qing_dynasty
Topic: History

Yongzheng also inherited diplomatic and strategic problems. A team made up entirely of Manchus drew up the Treaty of Kyakhta (1727) to solidify the diplomatic understanding with Russia. In exchange for territory and trading rights, the Qing would have a free hand dealing with the situation in Mongolia. Yongzheng then turned to that situation, where the Zunghars threatened to re-emerge, and to the southwest, where local Miao chieftains resisted Qing expansion. These campaigns drained the treasury but established the emperor's control of the military and military finance.

Q1: When was the Treaty of Kyakhta written?
A1: 1727
Q2: Who was the partner in the Treaty of Kyakhta?
A2: Russia
Q3: What did the treaty give to the Russians?
A3: territory and trading rights
Q4: What did the Qing get from the Treaty of Kyakhta?
A4: Mongolia
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

YouTube Red is YouTube's premium subscription service. It offers advertising-free streaming, access to exclusive content, background and offline video playback on mobile devices, and access to the Google Play Music "All Access" service. YouTube Red was originally announced on November 12, 2014, as "Music Key", a subscription music streaming service, and was intended to integrate with and replace the existing Google Play Music "All Access" service. On October 28, 2015, the service was re-launched as YouTube Red, offering ad-free streaming of all videos, as well as access to exclusive original content.

Q1: What is youtube red?
A1: YouTube's premium subscription service
Q2: When was youtube red originally announced?
A2: November 12, 2014
Q3: What was the original title of youtube red?
A3: Music Key
Q4: When was youtube red re-launched with its added features?
A4: October 28, 2015
Q5: What service was "music key" intended to replace?
A5: Google Play Music "All Access"
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

YouTube does not usually offer a download link for its videos, and intends for them to be viewed through its website interface. A small number of videos, such as the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama, can be downloaded as MP4 files. Numerous third-party web sites, applications and browser plug-ins allow users to download YouTube videos. In February 2009, YouTube announced a test service, allowing some partners to offer video downloads for free or for a fee paid through Google Checkout. In June 2012, Google sent cease and desist letters threatening legal action against several websites offering online download and conversion of YouTube videos. In response, Zamzar removed the ability to download YouTube videos from its site. The default settings when uploading a video to YouTube will retain a copyright on the video for the uploader, but since July 2012 it has been possible to select a Creative Commons license as the default, allowing other users to reuse and remix the material if it is free of copyright.

Q1: YOutube does not often post a what for its videos?
A1: download link
Q2: Youtube intends for users to watch videos where?
A2: through its website
Q3: What was added to the upload options in July of 2012?
A3: a Creative Commons license
Q4: Which site removed the option of downloading youtube videos after 2012?
A4: Zamzar
Q5: Which videos are often available for download straight from youtube?
A5: the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

YouTube entered into a marketing and advertising partnership with NBC in June 2006. In November 2008, YouTube reached an agreement with MGM, Lions Gate Entertainment, and CBS, allowing the companies to post full-length films and television episodes on the site, accompanied by advertisements in a section for US viewers called "Shows". The move was intended to create competition with websites such as Hulu, which features material from NBC, Fox, and Disney. In November 2009, YouTube launched a version of "Shows" available to UK viewers, offering around 4,000 full-length shows from more than 60 partners. In January 2010, YouTube introduced an online film rentals service, which is available only to users in the US, Canada and the UK as of 2010. The service offers over 6,000 films.

Q1: When did youtube enter a partnership with NBC?
A1: June 2006
Q2: What is the name of the section in youtube that allows major content publishers to post full length movies and episodes?
A2: Shows
Q3: What was the intended purpose of youtube's "shows" section?
A3: to create competition
Q4: When did youtube launch the version of "shows" for the UK?
A4: In November 2009
Q5: In 2010 how many movies did youtube's rental service offer?
A5: over 6,000 films
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

YouTube has enabled people to more directly engage with government, such as in the CNN/YouTube presidential debates (2007) in which ordinary people submitted questions to U.S. presidential candidates via YouTube video, with a techPresident co-founder saying that Internet video was changing the political landscape. Describing the Arab Spring (2010- ), sociologist Philip N. Howard quoted an activist's succinct description that organizing the political unrest involved using "Facebook to schedule the protests, Twitter to coordinate, and YouTube to tell the world." In 2012, more than a third of the U.S. Senate introduced a resolution condemning Joseph Kony 16 days after the "Kony 2012" video was posted to YouTube, with resolution co-sponsor Senator Lindsey Graham remarking that the video "will do more to lead to (Kony's) demise than all other action combined."

Q1: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using Facebook to what?
A1: schedule the protests
Q2: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using Twitter to do what?
A2: coordinate
Q3: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using youtube to do what?
A3: tell the world
Q4: Who was the co-sponsor of the condemnation by the US Senate over the kony 2012 video?
A4: Senator Lindsey Graham
Q5: What year was the first youtube question asked to a presidential nominee?
A5: 2007
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

YouTube is a global video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California, United States. The service was created by three former PayPal employees in February 2005. In November 2006, it was bought by Google for US$1.65 billion. YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries. The site allows users to upload, view, rate, share, and comment on videos, and it makes use of WebM, H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, and Adobe Flash Video technology to display a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media video. Available content includes video clips, TV clips, music videos, movie trailers, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos.

Q1: Where is Youtube headquartered? 
A1: San Bruno, California, United States
Q2: When was Youtube created?
A2: February 2005
Q3: How much did Google pay for Youtube in 2006?
A3: US$1.65 billion
Q4: Other than video blogging and and educational videos, what content is available on youtube?
A4: short original videos
Q5: How does youtube now operate as a business?
A5: as one of Google's subsidiaries
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

YouTube offered the public a beta test of the site in May 2005. The first video to reach one million views was a Nike advertisement featuring Ronaldinho in September 2005. Following a $3.5 million investment from Sequoia Capital in November, the site launched officially on December 15, 2005, by which time the site was receiving 8 million views a day. The site grew rapidly, and in July 2006 the company announced that more than 65,000 new videos were being uploaded every day, and that the site was receiving 100 million video views per day. According to data published by market research company comScore, YouTube is the dominant provider of online video in the United States, with a market share of around 43% and more than 14 billion views of videos in May 2010.

Q1: when was the first beta test for the youtube site?
A1: May 2005
Q2: What was the first video to reach a million views?
A2: a Nike advertisement
Q3: How much did Sequoia Capital invest in youtube in November of 2005?
A3: $3.5 million
Q4: What was the official launch date for the youtube website?
A4: December 15, 2005
Q5: As of May 2010 how many total video views had youtube attained?
A5: 14 billion
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

YouTube offers users the ability to view its videos on web pages outside their website. Each YouTube video is accompanied by a piece of HTML that can be used to embed it on any page on the Web. This functionality is often used to embed YouTube videos in social networking pages and blogs. Users wishing to post a video discussing, inspired by or related to another user's video are able to make a "video response". On August 27, 2013, YouTube announced that it would remove video responses for being an underused feature. Embedding, rating, commenting and response posting can be disabled by the video owner.

Q1: Youtube offers users the option to watch content where?
A1: outside their website
Q2: What is used to embed a youtube video to a webpage?
A2: HTML
Q3: What is the most common use of embedded youtube videos?
A3: social networking pages and blogs
Q4: What is a video called when a person records themselves watching a different video?
A4: "video response"
Q5: When did youtube officially remove the response feature?
A5: On August 27, 2013
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

YouTube relies on its users to flag the content of videos as inappropriate, and a YouTube employee will view a flagged video to determine whether it violates the site's terms of service. In July 2008, the Culture and Media Committee of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom stated that it was "unimpressed" with YouTube's system for policing its videos, and argued that "proactive review of content should be standard practice for sites hosting user-generated content". YouTube responded by stating:

Q1: Youtube depends on who to flag inappropriate videos?
A1: users
Q2: Who checks the flagged videos for unauthorized content?
A2: a YouTube employee
Q3: The United Kingdom stated it was what with youtube's policies with moderating its content?
A3: unimpressed
Q4: When did the UK speak out against youtube's copyright policies?
A4: In July 2008
Q5: Who of the house of commons spoke out on youtube's policies?
A5: the Culture and Media Committee
Title: Josip_Broz_Tito
Topic: History

Yugoslavia had a liberal travel policy permitting foreigners to freely travel through the country and its citizens to travel worldwide, whereas it was limited by most Communist countries. A number[quantify] of Yugoslav citizens worked throughout Western Europe. Tito met many world leaders during his rule, such as Soviet rulers Joseph Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev and Leonid Brezhnev; Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser, Indian politicians Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi; British Prime Ministers Winston Churchill, James Callaghan and Margaret Thatcher; U.S. Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, John F. Kennedy, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter; other political leaders, dignitaries and heads of state that Tito met at least once in his lifetime included Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Yasser Arafat, Willy Brandt, Helmut Schmidt, Georges Pompidou, Queen Elizabeth II, Hua Guofeng, Kim Il Sung, Sukarno, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Suharto, Idi Amin, Haile Selassie, Kenneth Kaunda, Gaddafi, Erich Honecker, Nicolae Ceaușescu, János Kádár and Urho Kekkonen. He also met numerous celebrities.

Q1: Nasser was a leader of what country?
A1: Egypt
Q2: Nehru was a leader of what country?
A2: Indian
Q3: Gandhi was a leader of what country?
A3: Indian
Q4: Eisenhower was a president of what country?
A4: U.S.
Q5: Nixon was a president of what country?
A5: U.S.
Title: Josip_Broz_Tito
Topic: History

Yugoslavia organized the Yugoslav People's Army (Jugoslavenska narodna armija, or JNA) from the Partisan movement and became the fourth strongest army in Europe at the time. The State Security Administration (Uprava državne bezbednosti/sigurnosti/varnosti, UDBA) was also formed as the new secret police, along with a security agency, the Department of People's Security (Organ Zaštite Naroda (Armije), OZNA). Yugoslav intelligence was charged with imprisoning and bringing to trial large numbers of Nazi collaborators; controversially, this included Catholic clergymen due to the widespread involvement of Croatian Catholic clergy with the Ustaša regime. Draža Mihailović was found guilty of collaboration, high treason and war crimes and was subsequently executed by firing squad in July 1946.

Q1: What was formed as the new secret police?
A1: The State Security Administration
Q2: Who was charged with brining to trial large numbers of Nazi collaborators?
A2: Yugoslav intelligence
Q3: Who were controversial among those brought to trial for Nazi collaboration?
A3: Catholic clergymen
Q4: Who was found guilty of collaboration, high treason?
A4: Draža Mihailović
Q5: How was Draza executed?
A5: firing squad
Title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser
Topic: History

Zakaria Mohieddin, who was Nasser's vice president, said that Nasser gradually changed during his reign. He ceased consulting his colleagues and made more and more of the decisions himself. Although Nasser repeatedly said that a war with Israel will start at a time of his, or Arab, choosing, on 1967 he started a bluffing game "but a successful bluff means your opponent must not know which cards you are holding. In this case Nasser's opponent could see his hand in the mirror and knew he was only holding a pair of deuces" and Nasser knew that his army is not prepared yet. "All of this was out of character...His tendencies in this regard may have been accentuated by diabetes... That was the only rational explanation for his actions in 1967".

Q1: Who was Nasser's vice president?
A1: Zakaria Mohieddin
Q2: What gambit did Nasser fail at in his bluster with Israel?
A2: bluffing
Q3: What did Nasser do over the years of his rule?
A3: gradually changed
Q4: What did Mohieddin attribute Nassir's mistakes in 1967 to?
A4: diabetes
Title: Mexico_City
Topic: Geography and places

Zapatist forces, which were based in neighboring Morelos had strengths in the southern edge of the Federal District, which included Xochimilco, Tlalpan, Tláhuac and Milpa Alta to fight against the regimes of Victoriano Huerta and Venustiano Carranza. After the assassination of Carranza and a short mandate by Adolfo de la Huerta, Álvaro Obregón took power. After willing to be re-elected, he was killed by José de León Toral, a devout Catholic, in a restaurant near La Bombilla Park in San Ángel in 1928. Plutarco Elias Calles replaced Obregón and culminated the Mexican Revolution.

Q1: Who was the leader at the end of the Mexican Revolution?
A1: Plutarco Elias Calles
Q2: Where was Alvaro Obregon killed? 
A2: in a restaurant near La Bombilla Park in San Ángel
Q3: When was Alvaro Obregon killed? 
A3: 1928
Q4: Where were the Zapatist forces from?
A4: Morelos
Q5: Who was the third to last leader before the end of the Mexican Revolution?
A5: Adolfo de la Huerta
Title: Buddhism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Zen Buddhism (禅), pronounced Chán in Chinese, seon in Korean or zen in Japanese (derived from the Sanskrit term dhyāna, meaning "meditation") is a form of Buddhism that became popular in China, Korea and Japan and that lays special emphasis on meditation.[note 12] Zen places less emphasis on scriptures than some other forms of Buddhism and prefers to focus on direct spiritual breakthroughs to truth.

Q1: Zen Buddhism is known as what in Korea?
A1: seon
Q2: What form of buddhism lays special emphasis on meditation?
A2: Zen
Q3: What form of Buddhism places less emphasis on scriptures?
A3: Zen
Q4: Zen focuses on what type of breakthroughs?
A4: spiritual
Title: Buddhism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Zen Buddhism is divided into two main schools: Rinzai (臨済宗) and Sōtō (曹洞宗), the former greatly favouring the use in meditation on the koan (公案, a meditative riddle or puzzle) as a device for spiritual break-through, and the latter (while certainly employing koans) focusing more on shikantaza or "just sitting".[note 13]

Q1: Zen Buddhism is divided into how many main schools?
A1: two
Q2: Which schools of Zen likes the use of meditation on the koan for spiritual breakthroughs?
A2: Rinzai
Title: Buddhism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Zen Buddhist teaching is often full of paradox, in order to loosen the grip of the ego and to facilitate the penetration into the realm of the True Self or Formless Self, which is equated with the Buddha himself.[note 14] According to Zen master Kosho Uchiyama, when thoughts and fixation on the little "I" are transcended, an Awakening to a universal, non-dual Self occurs: "When we let go of thoughts and wake up to the reality of life that is working beyond them, we discover the Self that is living universal non-dual life (before the separation into two) that pervades all living creatures and all existence." Thinking and thought must therefore not be allowed to confine and bind one.

Q1: What Buddhist teachings are often full of paradox?
A1: Zen
Q2: What type of self is equated with the Buddha?
A2: True Self
Q3: What is not allowed to confine and bind oneself?
A3: Thinking and thought
Title: Qing_dynasty
Topic: History

Zeng Guofan had no prior military experience. Being a classically educated official, he took his blueprint for the Xiang Army from the Ming general Qi Jiguang, who, because of the weakness of regular Ming troops, had decided to form his own "private" army to repel raiding Japanese pirates in the mid-16th century. Qi Jiguang's doctrine was based on Neo-Confucian ideas of binding troops' loyalty to their immediate superiors and also to the regions in which they were raised. Zeng Guofan's original intention for the Xiang Army was simply to eradicate the Taiping rebels. However, the success of the Yongying system led to its becoming a permanent regional force within the Qing military, which in the long run created problems for the beleaguered central government.

Q1: Who inspired Zeng Guofan in creating his army?
A1: Qi Jiguang
Q2: What did Qi Jiguang's private army do?
A2: repel raiding Japanese pirates
Q3: What was the original plan for the Xiang Army?
A3: eradicate the Taiping rebels
Title: Zhejiang
Topic: Geography and places

Zhejiang benefited less from central government investment than some other provinces due to its lack of natural resources, a location vulnerable to potential flooding from the sea, and an economic base at the national average. Zhejiang, however, has been an epicenter of capitalist development in China, and has led the nation in the development of a market economy and private enterprises. Northeast Zhejiang, as part of the Yangtze Delta, is flat, more developed, and industrial.

Q1: What type of resources does Zhejiang have a lack of?
A1: natural
Q2: What is Zhejiang's location vulnerable to from the sea?
A2: flooding
Q3: What type of development has Zhejiang been an epicenter of?
A3: capitalist
Q4: Which part of Zhejiang is part of the Yangtze Delta?
A4: Northeast Zhejiang
Q5: What type of geography is Northeast Zhejiang?
A5: flat
Title: Zhejiang
Topic: Geography and places

Zhejiang consists mostly of hills, which account for about 70% of its total area. Altitudes tend to be the highest to the south and west and the highest peak of the province, Huangmaojian Peak (1,929 meters or 6,329 feet), is located there. Other prominent mountains include Mounts Yandang, Tianmu, Tiantai, and Mogan, which reach altitudes of 700 to 1,500 meters (2,300 to 4,900 ft).

Q1: What does Zhejiang consist mostly of?
A1: hills
Q2: What percent of Zhejiang is hills?
A2: 70%
Q3: What is the highest peak of the province?
A3: Huangmaojian Peak
Q4: How high is Huangmaojian Peak in meters?
A4: 1,929
Q5: How high is Huangmaojian Peak in feet?
A5: 6,329
Title: Zhejiang
Topic: Geography and places

Zhejiang is mountainous and has therefore fostered the development of many distinct local cultures. Linguistically speaking, Zhejiang is extremely diverse. Most inhabitants of Zhejiang speak Wu, but the Wu dialects are very diverse, especially in the south, where one valley may speak a dialect completely unintelligible to the next valley a few kilometers away. Other varieties of Chinese are spoken as well, mostly along the borders; Mandarin and Huizhou dialects are spoken on the border with Anhui, while Min dialects are spoken on the border with Fujian. (See Hangzhou dialect, Shaoxing dialect, Ningbo dialect, Wenzhou dialect, Taizhou dialect, Jinhua dialect, and Quzhou dialect for more information).

Q1: How diverse is Zhejiang, linguistically speaking?
A1: extremely
Q2: What do most inhabitants of Zhejiang speak?
A2: Wu
Q3: Mandarin and Huizhou dialects are spoken on the border where?
A3: with Anhui
Q4: Min dialects are spoken on the border where?
A4: with Fujian
Q5: What type of geography is Zhejiang?
A5: mountainous
Title: Zhejiang
Topic: Geography and places

Zhejiang is the home of Yueju (越劇), one of the most prominent forms of Chinese opera. Yueju originated in Shengzhou and is traditionally performed by actresses only, in both male and female roles. Other important opera traditions include Yongju (of Ningbo), Shaoju (of Shaoxing), Ouju (of Wenzhou), Wuju (of Jinhua), Taizhou Luantan (of Taizhou) and Zhuji Luantan (of Zhuji).

Q1: What is one of the most prominent forms of Chinese opera?
A1: Yueju
Q2: Where did Yueju originate?
A2: Shengzhou
Q3: Who is Yueju traditionally performed by?
A3: actresses only
Q4: Who plays male roles in Yueju?
A4: actresses
Q5: Who plays female roles in Yueju?
A5: actresses
Title: Zhejiang
Topic: Geography and places

Zhejiang was part of the Wu during the Three Kingdoms. Wu (229–280), commonly known as Eastern Wu or Sun Wu, had been the economically most developed state among the Three Kingdoms (220–280 CE). The historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms records that Zhejiang had the best-equipped, strong navy force. The story depicts how the states of Wei (魏) and Shu (蜀), lack of material resources, avoided direct confrontation with the Wu. In armed military conflicts with Wu, the two states relied intensively on tactics of camouflage and deception to steal Wu's military resources including arrows and bows.

Q1: When was Zhejiang part of the Wu?
A1: during the Three Kingdoms
Q2: What is another name for Wu or Eastern Wu?
A2: Sun Wu
Q3: What was the most developed state among the Three Kingdoms?
A3: Wu
Q4: Which historical novel records that Zhejiang had the best-equipped, strong navy force?
A4: Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Q5: Along with Wei, which state avoided direct conflict with Wu?
A5: Shu
Title: Zhejiang
Topic: Geography and places

Zhejiang was the site of the Neolithic cultures of the Hemudu and Liangzhu. A 2007 analysis of the DNA recovered from human remains in the archeological sites of prehistoric peoples along the Yangtze River shows high frequencies of haplogroup O1 in the Liangzhu culture, linking them to Austronesian and Tai-Kadai peoples.

Q1: What kind of cultures were the Hemudu and Liangzhu?
A1: Neolithic
Q2: Where was the site of the Hemudu and LIangzhu cultures?
A2: Zhejiang
Q3: What year was there an analysis of the DNA recovered from human remains in Liangzhu culture?
A3: 2007
Q4: Which culture were the Austronesian and Tai-Kadai peoples linked to in the DNA analysis?
A4: Liangzhu
Q5: What haplogroup did a DNA analysis of the Liangzhu culture reveal?
A5: O1
Title: Zhejiang
Topic: Geography and places

Zhejiang's main manufacturing sectors are electromechanical industries, textiles, chemical industries, food, and construction materials. In recent years Zhejiang has followed its own development model, dubbed the "Zhejiang model", which is based on prioritizing and encouraging entrepreneurship, an emphasis on small businesses responsive to the whims of the market, large public investments into infrastructure, and the production of low-cost goods in bulk for both domestic consumption and export. As a result, Zhejiang has made itself one of the richest provinces, and the "Zhejiang spirit" has become something of a legend within China. However, some economists now worry that this model is not sustainable, in that it is inefficient and places unreasonable demands on raw materials and public utilities, and also a dead end, in that the myriad small businesses in Zhejiang producing cheap goods in bulk are unable to move to more sophisticated or technologically more advanced industries. The economic heart of Zhejiang is moving from North Zhejiang, centered on Hangzhou, southeastward to the region centered on Wenzhou and Taizhou. The per capita disposable income of urbanites in Zhejiang reached 24,611 yuan (US$3,603) in 2009, an annual real growth of 8.3%. The per capita pure income of rural residents stood at 10,007 yuan (US$1,465), a real growth of 8.1% year-on-year. Zhejiang's nominal GDP for 2011 was 3.20 trillion yuan (US$506 billion) with a per capita GDP of 44,335 yuan (US$6,490). In 2009, Zhejiang's primary, secondary, and tertiary industries were worth 116.2 billion yuan (US$17 billion), 1.1843 trillion yuan (US$173.4 billion), and 982.7 billion yuan (US$143.9 billion) respectively.

Q1: What is Zhejiang's own development model dubbed?
A1: Zhejiang model
Q2: What is the Zhejiang model based on prioritizing and encouraging?
A2: entrepreneurship
Q3: What direction is the economic heart of Zhejiang moving toward?
A3: southeast
Q4: What was the annual real growth of urbanites in Zhejiang in 2009?
A4: 8.3%
Q5: What was Zhejiang's nominal GDP in yuan for 2011?
A5: 3.20 trillion
Title: Zhejiang
Topic: Geography and places

Zhejiang, as the heartland of the Jiangnan (Yangtze River Delta), remained the wealthiest area during the Six Dynasties (220 or 222–589), Sui, and Tang. After being incorporated into the Sui dynasty, its economic richness was used for the Sui dynasty's ambitions to expand north and south, particularly into Korea and Vietnam. The plan led the Sui dynasty to restore and expand the network which became the Grand Canal of China. The Canal regularly transported grains and resources from Zhejiang, through its metropolitan center Hangzhou (and its hinterland along both the Zhe River and the shores of Hangzhou Bay), and from Suzhou, and thence to the North China Plain. The débâcle of the Korean war led to Sui's overthrow by the Tang, who then presided over a centuries-long golden age for the country. Zhejiang was an important economic center of the empire's Jiangnan East Circuit and was considered particularly prosperous. Throughout the Tang dynasty, The Grand Canal had remained effective, transporting grains and material resources to North China plain and metropolitan centers of the empire. As the Tang Dynasty disintegrated, Zhejiang constituted most of the territory of the regional kingdom of Wuyue.

Q1: When did the Six Dynasties end?
A1: 589
Q2: What was the wealthiest area during the Six Dynasties?
A2: Zhejiang
Q3: Which dynasty restored and expanded the network that became the Grand Canal of China?
A3: the Sui dynasty
Q4: What river was one of the Grand Canal of China's hinterlands?
A4: the Zhe River
Title: Nanjing
Topic: Geography and places

Zhu Yousong, however, fared a lot worse than his ancestor Zhu Yuanzhang three centuries earlier. Beset by factional conflicts, his regime could not offer effective resistance to Qing forces, when the Qing army, led by the Manchu prince Dodo approached Jiangnan the next spring. Days after Yangzhou fell to the Manchus in late May 1645, the Hongguang Emperor fled Nanjing, and the imperial Ming Palace was looted by local residents. On June 6, Dodo's troops approached Nanjing, and the commander of the city's garrison, Zhao the Earl of Xincheng, promptly surrendered the city to them. The Manchus soon ordered all male residents of the city to shave their heads in the Manchu queue way. They requisitioned a large section of the city for the bannermen's cantonment, and destroyed the former imperial Ming Palace, but otherwise the city was spared the mass murders and destruction that befell Yangzhou.

Q1: When did the Hongguang Emperor leave Nanjing, having been defeated?
A1: late May 1645
Q2: Who surrendered Nanjing to invaders on June 6?
A2: Zhao the Earl of Xincheng
Q3: What did the Manchu's make all the men in the city do?
A3: shave their heads
Title: Sumer
Topic: History

Ziggurats (Sumerian temples) each had an individual name and consisted of a forecourt, with a central pond for purification. The temple itself had a central nave with aisles along either side. Flanking the aisles would be rooms for the priests. At one end would stand the podium and a mudbrick table for animal and vegetable sacrifices. Granaries and storehouses were usually located near the temples. After a time the Sumerians began to place the temples on top of multi-layered square constructions built as a series of rising terraces, giving rise to the Ziggurat style.

Q1: What were Sumerian temples known as?
A1: Ziggurats
Q2: What was the central pond in the forecourt of a Ziggurat for?
A2: purification
Q3: Who were the rooms on either side of the aisles in the temple for?
A3: the priests
Q4: What was the mudbrick table in the temple for?
A4: animal and vegetable sacrifices
Q5: Where did the Sumerians usually locate their granaries and storehouses?
A5: near the temples
Title: Zinc
Topic: Unknown

Zinc chemistry is similar to the chemistry of the late first-row transition metals nickel and copper, though it has a filled d-shell, so its compounds are diamagnetic and mostly colorless. The ionic radii of zinc and magnesium happen to be nearly identical. Because of this some of their salts have the same crystal structure and in circumstances where ionic radius is a determining factor zinc and magnesium chemistries have much in common. Otherwise there is little similarity. Zinc tends to form bonds with a greater degree of covalency and it forms much more stable complexes with N- and S- donors. Complexes of zinc are mostly 4- or 6- coordinate although 5-coordinate complexes are known.

Q1: Because zinc has a filled d-shell, its compounds are usually what?
A1: diamagnetic and mostly colorless.
Q2: The ionic radii of what two elements are almost identical?
A2: zinc and magnesium
Q3: What is the determining factor where zinc and magnesium are very similar chemically?
A3: ionic radius
Q4: Whit what donors does zinc form stable complexes?
A4: N- and S-
Title: Zinc
Topic: Unknown

Zinc chloride is often added to lumber as a fire retardant and can be used as a wood preservative. It is also used to make other chemicals. Zinc methyl (Zn(CH3)
2) is used in a number of organic syntheses. Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is used in luminescent pigments such as on the hands of clocks, X-ray and television screens, and luminous paints. Crystals of ZnS are used in lasers that operate in the mid-infrared part of the spectrum. Zinc sulfate is a chemical in dyes and pigments. Zinc pyrithione is used in antifouling paints.

Q1: What is added to wood in order to preserve it?
A1: Zinc chloride
Q2: What is the feature of zinc sufide that makes it useful in television screens?
A2: luminescent pigments
Q3: What kind of lasers are crystals of zinc suflde used in?
A3: mid-infrared
Q4: Where is zinc pyrithion used?
A4: antifouling paints.
Title: Zinc
Topic: Unknown

Zinc deficiency is crop plants' most common micronutrient deficiency; it is particularly common in high-pH soils. Zinc-deficient soil is cultivated in the cropland of about half of Turkey and India, a third of China, and most of Western Australia, and substantial responses to zinc fertilization have been reported in these areas. Plants that grow in soils that are zinc-deficient are more susceptible to disease. Zinc is primarily added to the soil through the weathering of rocks, but humans have added zinc through fossil fuel combustion, mine waste, phosphate fertilizers, pesticide (zinc phosphide), limestone, manure, sewage sludge, and particles from galvanized surfaces. Excess zinc is toxic to plants, although zinc toxicity is far less widespread.

Q1: In what type of soil is zinc deficiency most common?
A1: high-pH soils
Q2: Growing plants in zinc deficient soil makes them more susceptible to what?
A2: disease.
Q3: Excess zinc has what effect on plants?
A3: toxic
Q4: How is zinc primarily added to soil?
A4: weathering of rocks
Title: Zinc
Topic: Unknown

Zinc is a bluish-white, lustrous, diamagnetic metal, though most common commercial grades of the metal have a dull finish. It is somewhat less dense than iron and has a hexagonal crystal structure, with a distorted form of hexagonal close packing, in which each atom has six nearest neighbors (at 265.9 pm) in its own plane and six others at a greater distance of 290.6 pm. The metal is hard and brittle at most temperatures but becomes malleable between 100 and 150 °C. Above 210 °C, the metal becomes brittle again and can be pulverized by beating. Zinc is a fair conductor of electricity. For a metal, zinc has relatively low melting (419.5 °C) and boiling points (907 °C). Its melting point is the lowest of all the transition metals aside from mercury and cadmium.

Q1: What color is zinc?
A1: bluish-white
Q2: Is iron more dense than zinc?
A2: It is somewhat less dense than iron
Q3: At what temperature does the metal become malleable?
A3: 100 and 150 °C
Q4: At what temperature to zinc become brittle?
A4: 210 °C
Q5: What is the boiling point of zinc?
A5: 907 °C
Q6: In it's pre commercial state, what color is zinc?
A6: bluish-white
Q7: What is the crystalline structure of sync?
A7: hexagonal
Q8: What happens to zinc when it is manipulated to the temperatures between 100 and 150 Celsius?
A8: becomes malleable
Q9: At what temperature can zinc be pulverized?
A9: 210 °C
Title: Zinc
Topic: Unknown

Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is the first element of group 12 of the periodic table. In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: its ion is of similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2. Zinc is the 24th most abundant element in Earth's crust and has five stable isotopes. The most common zinc ore is sphalerite (zinc blende), a zinc sulfide mineral. The largest mineable amounts are found in Australia, Asia, and the United States. Zinc production includes froth flotation of the ore, roasting, and final extraction using electricity (electrowinning).

Q1: What is the symbol for Zinc?
A1: Zn
Q2: What is the atomic number for Zinc?
A2: 30
Q3: What is zinc chemically close to?
A3: magnesium
Q4: What is the oxidation state for zinc?
A4: +2
Q5: How many stable isotopes does zinc have?
A5: five
Q6: What is the symbol for zinc?
A6: Zn
Q7: What is zinc's atomic number?
A7: 30
Q8: What other element on the periodic table is zinc similar to?
A8: magnesium
Q9: What is the most common zinc ore?
A9: sphalerite
Q10: What is used to extract zinc during the production process?
A10: electricity