LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Political_party
Topic: Social sciences and society

From the second half of the 20th century on parties which continued to rely on donations or membership subscriptions ran into mounting problems. Along with the increased scrutiny of donations there has been a long-term decline in party memberships in most western democracies which itself places more strains on funding. For example, in the United Kingdom and Australia membership of the two main parties in 2006 is less than an 1/8 of what it was in 1950, despite significant increases in population over that period.

Q1: Why did parties that relied on donations or subscriptions run into problems?
A1: increased scrutiny of donations there has been a long-term decline in party memberships
Q2: When did parties that relied on donations start to run into problems?
A2: second half of the 20th century
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

From the semi-finals onwards, the fate of the contestants is decided by public vote. During the contestant's performance as well as the recap at the end, a toll-free telephone number for each contestant is displayed on the screen. For a two-hour period after the episode ends (up to four hours for the finale) in each US time zone, viewers may call or send a text message to their preferred contestant's telephone number, and each call or text message is registered as a vote for that contestant. Viewers are allowed to vote as many times as they can within the two-hour voting window. However, the show reserves the right to discard votes by power dialers. One or more of the least popular contestants may be eliminated in successive weeks until a winner emerges. Over 110 million votes were cast in the first season, and by season ten the seasonal total had increased to nearly 750 million. Voting via text messaging was made available in the second season when AT&T Wireless joined as a sponsor of the show, and 7.5 million text messages were sent to American Idol that season. The number of text messages rapidly increased, reaching 178 million texts by season eight. Online voting was offered for the first time in season ten. The votes are counted and verified by Telescope Inc.

Q1: How many text message votes were there in season eight?
A1: 178 million
Q2: In which season was online voting introduced?
A2: ten
Q3: What company counts the votes on American Idol? 
A3: Telescope Inc
Q4: At what point does the public begin voting for contestants?
A4: the semi-finals
Q5: How many votes were cast for contestants in the first season?
A5: Over 110 million
Q6: How many votes were cast by season ten for all contestants?
A6: nearly 750 million
Title: San_Diego
Topic: Geography and places

From the start of the 20th century through the 1970s, the American tuna fishing fleet and tuna canning industry were based in San Diego, "the tuna capital of the world". San Diego's first tuna cannery was founded in 1911, and by the mid-1930s the canneries employed more than 1,000 people. A large fishing fleet supported the canneries, mostly staffed by immigrant fishermen from Japan, and later from the Portuguese Azores and Italy whose influence is still felt in neighborhoods like Little Italy and Point Loma. Due to rising costs and foreign competition, the last of the canneries closed in the early 1980s.

Q1: What nickname was San Diego given by the tuna canning industry in the 1970s?
A1: the tuna capital of the world
Q2: How many jobs were created by the mid-1930s thanks to San Diego's tuna cannery that was developed in 1911?
A2: more than 1,000
Q3: Why were the canneries ultimately closed by the early 1980s?
A3: rising costs and foreign competition
Q4: Immigrants from what country were primarily hired by the fishing fleets that supported the canneries??
A4: Japan
Q5: From what region in Portugal did immigrants come from to work in San Diego's fishing industry?
A5: Portuguese Azores
Title: Black_people
Topic: Language and literature

From the years 1500 to 1850, an estimated 3.5 million captives were forcibly shipped from West/Central Africa to Brazil; the territory received the highest number of slaves of any country in the Americas. Scholars estimate that more than half of the Brazilian population is at least in part descended from these individuals. Brazil has the largest population of Afro-descendants outside of Africa. In contrast to the US, during the slavery period and after, the Portuguese colonial government and later Brazilian government did not pass formal anti-miscegenation or segregation laws. As in other Latin countries, intermarriage was prevalent during the colonial period and continued afterward. In addition, people of mixed race (pardo) often tended to marry white, and their descendants became accepted as white. As a result, some of the European descended population also has West African or Amerindian blood. According to the last census of the 20th century, in which Brazilians could choose from five color/ethnic categories with which they identified, 54% of individuals identified as white, 6.2% identified as black, and 39.5% identified as pardo (brown) — a broad multi-racial category, including tri-racial persons.

Q1: How many slaves were shipped from Africa to Brazil between 1500 and 1850?
A1: estimated 3.5 million
Q2: How much of the Brazilian population are descendants of slavery?
A2: more than half
Q3: Second to Africa, what is Brazil have the largest population of?
A3: Afro-descendants
Q4: What was not passed in Brazil during slavery?
A4: segregation laws
Q5: What was prevalent in Brazilian culture during slavery?
A5: intermarriage
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

From their beginnings in Sumer (now Iraq) around 3500 BC, the Mesopotamian people began to attempt to record some observations of the world with numerical data. But their observations and measurements were seemingly taken for purposes other than for elucidating scientific laws. A concrete instance of Pythagoras' law was recorded, as early as the 18th century BC: the Mesopotamian cuneiform tablet Plimpton 322 records a number of Pythagorean triplets (3,4,5) (5,12,13). ..., dated 1900 BC, possibly millennia before Pythagoras,  but an abstract formulation of the Pythagorean theorem was not.

Q1: Where did the Mesopotamian people originate from?
A1: Sumer
Q2: How far back do the Mesopotamian people go?
A2: 3500 BC
Q3: What did the Mesopotamian use to record data about the world around them?
A3: numerical data
Q4: What was the earliest recording of Pythagoras' law?
A4: 18th century BC
Q5: Which tablet had Pythagorean triplets on it?
A5: Plimpton 322
Title: Crimean_War
Topic: History

Frustrated by the wasted effort, and with demands for action from their citizens, the allied force decided to attack the center of Russian strength in the Black Sea at Sevastopol on the Crimean peninsula. After extended preparations, the forces landed on the peninsula in September 1854 and fought their way to a point south of Sevastopol after a series of successful battles. The Russians counterattacked on 25 October in what became the Battle of Balaclava and were repulsed, but at the cost of seriously depleting the British Army forces. A second counterattack, ordered personally by Nicholas, was defeated by Omar Pasha. The front settled into a siege and led to horrible conditions for troops on both sides. Smaller actions were carried out in the Baltic, the Caucasus, the White Sea and in the North Pacific.

Q1: Near what sea did the allies decide to attack the Russians?
A1: Black Sea
Q2: In what year did the allies land on the Crimean peninsula?
A2: 1854
Q3: The battle of Battle of Balaclava took place in what month?
A3: October
Q4: Who defeated Nicholas's second counter strike at the Battle of Balaclava?
A4: Omar Pasha
Q5: The Crimean peninsula is located in what city?
A5: Sevastopol
Title: Comics
Topic: Language and literature

Frustration with censorship and editorial interference led to a group of Pilote cartoonists to found the adults-only L'Écho des savanes in 1972. Adult-oriented and experimental comics flourished in the 1970s, such as in the experimental science fiction of Mœbius and others in Métal hurlant, even mainstream publishers took to publishing prestige-format adult comics.

Q1: Pilote cartoonists were upset with censorship and what?
A1: editorial interference
Q2: When was L'Écho des savanes begun?
A2: 1972
Q3: Métal hurlant was of what genre?
A3: science fiction
Q4: What format did adult comics begin to be published in?
A4: prestige
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

Fryderyk Chopin was born in Żelazowa Wola, 46 kilometres (29 miles) west of Warsaw, in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, a Polish state established by Napoleon. The parish baptismal record gives his birthday as 22 February 1810, and cites his given names in the Latin form Fridericus Franciscus (in Polish, he was Fryderyk Franciszek). However, the composer and his family used the birthdate 1 March,[n 2] which is now generally accepted as the correct date.

Q1: In what village was Frédéric born in?
A1: Żelazowa Wola
Q2: On what date was Frédéric born on?
A2: 22 February 1810
Q3: Despite the birthdate given by parish baptismal, what date is given by the composer and his family instead?
A3: 1 March
Q4: What was the latin form of Frédéric's full name?
A4: Fridericus Franciscus
Q5: How many miles was the village Frédéric born in located to the west of Warsaw?
A5: 29
Q6: Where was Chopin born?
A6: Żelazowa Wola
Q7: Who was responsible for the creation of the Duchy of Warsaw?
A7: Napoleon
Q8: When was his birthday recorded as being?
A8: 22 February 1810
Q9: What birth date is now considered as his actual birthday?
A9: 1 March
Q10: Chopin's given names in Latin are what?
A10: Fridericus Franciscus
Q11: The Duchy of Warsaw was created by whom?
A11: Napoleon
Q12: Chopin's birth is recorded as when?
A12: 22 February 1810
Q13: What birth date is now considered correct for Chopin?
A13: 1 March
Q14: What is the Latin form of Chopin's name?
A14: Fridericus Franciscus
Q15: Chopin was actually born outside of Warsaw at what location?
A15: Żelazowa Wola
Q16: What famous French leader had established the Polish state at this time?
A16: Napoleon
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

Fryderyk may have had some piano instruction from his mother, but his first professional music tutor, from 1816 to 1821, was the Czech pianist Wojciech Żywny. His elder sister Ludwika also took lessons from Żywny, and occasionally played duets with her brother. It quickly became apparent that he was a child prodigy. By the age of seven Fryderyk had begun giving public concerts, and in 1817 he composed two polonaises, in G minor and B-flat major. His next work, a polonaise in A-flat major of 1821, dedicated to Żywny, is his earliest surviving musical manuscript.

Q1: Who was Frédéric's first professional teacher in music?
A1: Wojciech Żywny
Q2: Which sister did Frédéric play duets with sometimes while being tutored at this time?
A2: Ludwika
Q3: At what age did Frédéric start giving public concerts?
A3: 7
Q4: What did Frédéric compose during the year of 1817?
A4: two polonaises
Q5: What is the earliest surviving musical notation composed by Frédéric?
A5: a polonaise in A-flat major of 1821
Q6: Who was Chopin's initial piano teacher?
A6: Wojciech Żywny
Q7: Which of his sisters did Chopin sometimes duet with?
A7: Ludwika
Q8: At what age did Chopin start playing publicly?
A8: 7
Q9: What year did Chopin compose his first work?
A9: 1817
Q10: During what years did Chopin receive instruction from  Żywny?
A10: 1816 to 1821
Q11: What is the name of Chopin's first music teacher that was not an amateur musician?
A11: Wojciech Żywny
Q12: Which of Chopin's sisters would play music with him?
A12: Ludwika
Q13: How old was Chopin when he began to perform for the public?
A13: 7
Q14: Who was Chopin's earliest piece of music, that there is a record of, dedicated to?
A14: Wojciech Żywny
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

Fryderyk's father, Nicolas Chopin, was a Frenchman from Lorraine who had emigrated to Poland in 1787 at the age of sixteen. Nicolas tutored children of the Polish aristocracy, and in 1806 married Justyna Krzyżanowska, a poor relative of the Skarbeks, one of the families for whom he worked. Fryderyk was baptized on Easter Sunday, 23 April 1810, in the same church where his parents had married, in Brochów. His eighteen-year-old godfather, for whom he was named, was Fryderyk Skarbek, a pupil of Nicolas Chopin. Fryderyk was the couple's second child and only son; he had an elder sister, Ludwika (1807–55), and two younger sisters, Izabela (1811–81) and Emilia (1812–27). Nicolas was devoted to his adopted homeland, and insisted on the use of the Polish language in the household.

Q1: Who did Frédéric's father marry in 1806?
A1: Justyna Krzyżanowska
Q2: On what date was Frédéric baptised?
A2: 23 April 1810
Q3: What language did Frédéric's father, Nicolas, insist on using in the household?
A3: Polish
Q4: What was the given name of Chopin's father?
A4: Nicolas
Q5: Where was Chopin's father from?
A5: Lorraine
Q6: Chopin's father married who?
A6: Justyna Krzyżanowska
Q7: What is the name of Chopin's godfather?
A7: Fryderyk Skarbek
Q8: What is the name of Chopin's eldest sister?
A8: Ludwika
Q9: What was Chopin's father's first name?
A9: Nicolas
Q10: From where id Chopin's father emigrate from?
A10: Lorraine
Q11: What is Chopin's older sister's name?
A11: Ludwika
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

Frédéric François Chopin (/ˈʃoʊpæn/; French pronunciation: ​[fʁe.de.ʁik fʁɑ̃.swa ʃɔ.pɛ̃]; 22 February or 1 March 1810 – 17 October 1849), born Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin,[n 1] was a Polish and French (by citizenship and birth of father) composer and a virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era, who wrote primarily for the solo piano. He gained and has maintained renown worldwide as one of the leading musicians of his era, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique that was without equal in his generation." Chopin was born in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, and grew up in Warsaw, which after 1815 became part of Congress Poland. A child prodigy, he completed his musical education and composed his earlier works in Warsaw before leaving Poland at the age of 20, less than a month before the outbreak of the November 1830 Uprising.

Q1: What was Frédéric's nationalities?
A1: Polish and French
Q2: In what era was Frédéric active in?
A2: Romantic era
Q3: For what instrument did Frédéric write primarily for?
A3: solo piano
Q4: In what area was Frédéric born in?
A4: Duchy of Warsaw
Q5: At what age did Frédéric depart from Poland?
A5: 20
Q6: What year was Chopin born?
A6: 1810
Q7: What era was Chopin active during?
A7: Romantic era
Q8: Where did Chopin grow up?
A8: Warsaw
Q9: What instrument did he mostly compose for?
A9: solo piano
Q10: At what age did Chopin  leave Poland?
A10: 20
Q11: When did Chopin die?
A11: 17 October 1849
Q12: What was Chopin's full name?
A12: Fryderyk Franciszek Chopin
Q13: The majority of Chopin's compositions were for what instrument?
A13: solo piano
Q14: Chopin was active during what era?
A14: Romantic era
Q15: In what year was Chopin born?
A15: 1810
Q16: In what city was Chopin born and raised?
A16: Warsaw
Q17: How old was Chopin when he left Poland?
A17: 20
Q18: In what era of music did Chopin compose?
A18: Romantic
Q19: What year did Chopin die?
A19: 1849
Title: USB
Topic: Engineering and technology

Full-featured USB Type-C cables are active, electronically marked cables that contain a chip with an ID function based on the configuration data channel and vendor-defined messages (VDMs) from the USB Power Delivery 2.0 specification. USB Type-C devices also support power currents of 1.5 A and 3.0 A over the 5 V power bus in addition to baseline 900 mA; devices can either negotiate increased USB current through the configuration line, or they can support the full Power Delivery specification using both BMC-coded configuration line and legacy BFSK-coded VBUS line.

Q1: What kind of cables does the fully featured USB Type-C contain?
A1: active, electronically marked cables
Q2: Electronically marked cables have a chip that contains what?
A2: an ID function based on the configuration data channel and vendor-defined messages
Q3: What is the shortened version of vendor-defined messages?
A3: (VDMs)
Title: Tuvalu
Topic: Geography and places

Funafuti is the largest atoll of the nine low reef islands and atolls that form the Tuvalu volcanic island chain. It comprises numerous islets around a central lagoon that is approximately 25.1 kilometres (15.6 miles) (N–S) by 18.4 kilometres (11.4 miles) (W-E), centred on 179°7'E and 8°30'S. On the atolls, an annular reef rim surrounds the lagoon with several natural reef channels. Surveys were carried out in May 2010 of the reef habitats of Nanumea, Nukulaelae and Funafuti and a total of 317 fish species were recorded during this Tuvalu Marine Life study. The surveys identified 66 species that had not previously been recorded in Tuvalu, which brings the total number of identified species to 607.

Q1: Which of Tuvalu's atolls is largest?
A1: Funafuti
Q2: What type of island grouping is Tuvalu?
A2: volcanic island chain
Q3: What are the map coordinates fro Tuvalu?
A3: 179°7'E and 8°30'S
Q4: How species of creatures inhabit the Tuvalu lagoon?
A4: 607
Q5: How many new species were were found in the Tuvalu area that had not been previously recorded?
A5: 66
Title: Tuvalu
Topic: Geography and places

Funafuti is the only port but there is a deep-water berth in the harbour at Nukufetau. The merchant marine fleet consists of two passenger/cargo ships Nivaga III and Manu Folau. These ships carry cargo and passengers between the main atolls and travel between Suva, Fiji and Funafuti 3 to 4 times a year. The Nivaga III and Manu Folau provide round trip visits to the outer islands every three or four weeks. The Manu Folau is a 50-metre vessel that was a gift from Japan to the people of Tuvalu. In 2015 the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) assisted the government of Tuvalu to acquire MV Talamoana, a 30-metre vessel that will be used to implement Tuvalu's National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) to transport government officials and project personnel to the outer islands. In 2015 the Nivaga III was donated by the government of Japan; it replaced the Nivaga II, which had serviced Tuvalu from 1989.

Q1: Where is Tuvalu's only port?
A1: Funafuti
Q2: Where is there a deep water berth available on Tuvalu?
A2: Nukufetau
Q3: Of how many ships does the merchant marine fleet consist?
A3: two
Q4: What ship did Japan donate to Tuvalu in 2015?
A4: Nivaga III
Q5: What do Tuvalu's merchant fleet carry?
A5: cargo and passengers
Title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome
Topic: History

Funeral and commemorative rites varied according to wealth, status and religious context. In Cicero's time, the better-off sacrificed a sow at the funeral pyre before cremation. The dead consumed their portion in the flames of the pyre, Ceres her portion through the flame of her altar, and the family at the site of the cremation. For the less well-off, inhumation with "a libation of wine, incense, and fruit or crops was sufficient". Ceres functioned as an intermediary between the realms of the living and the dead: the deceased had not yet fully passed to the world of the dead and could share a last meal with the living. The ashes (or body) were entombed or buried. On the eighth day of mourning, the family offered further sacrifice, this time on the ground; the shade of the departed was assumed to have passed entirely into the underworld. They had become one of the di Manes, who were collectively celebrated and appeased at the Parentalia, a multi-day festival of remembrance in February.

Q1: What type of rites varied in accordance with status and religion?
A1: Funeral and commemorative
Q2: What was the grave sacrifice in Cicero's time?
A2: sow
Q3: What class gave only wine and food as a grave offering?
A3: less well-off
Q4: What was the multi day of remembrance for the dead? 
A4: Parentalia
Q5: What goddess was an intermediary  between the dead and the living?
A5: Ceres
Title: Communication
Topic: Language and literature

Fungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicellular eukaryote, plants and insects through biochemicals of biotic origin. The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react. This implies that fungal organisms can differentiate between molecules taking part in biotic messages and similar molecules being irrelevant in the situation. So far five different primary signalling molecules are known to coordinate different behavioral patterns such as filamentation, mating, growth, and pathogenicity. Behavioral coordination and production of signaling substances is achieved through interpretation processes that enables the organism to differ between self or non-self, a biotic indicator, biotic message from similar, related, or non-related species, and even filter out "noise", i.e. similar molecules without biotic content.

Q1: Why do fungi communicate?
A1: to coordinate and organize their growth and development
Q2: How do fungi communicate with insects?
A2: through biochemicals of biotic origin
Q3: How many primary signalling molecules are known to organize different behavioral patterns?
A3: five
Q4: What enables an organism to differentiate between self and other?
A4: interpretation processes
Q5: What is an example of "noise" that is filtered out through the interpretation processes?
A5: similar molecules without biotic content
Title: Intellectual_property
Topic: History

Further along these lines, The ethical problems brought up by IP rights are most pertinent when it is socially valuable goods like life-saving medicines are given IP protection. While the application of IP rights can allow companies to charge higher than the marginal cost of production in order to recoup the costs of research and development, the price may exclude from the market anyone who cannot afford the cost of the product, in this case a life-saving drug. "An IPR driven regime is therefore not a regime that is conductive to the investment of R&D of products that are socially valuable to predominately poor populations".:1108–9

Q1: For what type of goods are IP's ethical problems most pertinent?
A1: socially valuable
Q2: What is an example of socially valuable goods?
A2: life-saving medicines
Q3: What cost does IP rights allow companies to charge higher than?
A3: the marginal cost of production
Q4: Who might a higher price exclude from the market?
A4: anyone who cannot afford the cost of the product
Title: Immaculate_Conception
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Further claims were made that the Roman Catholic Church derives its doctrine from the Islamic teaching. In volume 5 of his Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, published in 1788, Edward Gibbon wrote: "The Latin Church has not disdained to borrow from the Koran the immaculate conception of his virgin mother." That he was speaking of her immaculate conception by her mother, not of her own virginal conception of Jesus, is shown by his footnote: "In the xiith century the immaculate conception was condemned by St. Bernard as a presumptuous novelty." In the aftermath of the definition of the dogma in 1854, this charge was repeated: "Strange as it may appear, that the doctrine which the church of Rome has promulgated, with so much pomp and ceremony, 'for the destruction of all heresies, and the confirmation of the faith of her adherents', should have its origin in the Mohametan Bible; yet the testimony of such authorities as Gibbon, and Sale, and Forster, and Gagnier, and Maracci, leave no doubt as to the marvellous fact."

Q1: What did the writer of a 1788 multi-volumed text say concerning plagiarism and the Roman Catholic Church ?
A1: The Latin Church has not disdained to borrow from the Koran the immaculate conception of his virgin mother
Q2: Who is the author of the texts entailed in the fifth part of the the collection about the Roman Catholic Church ?
A2: Edward Gibbon
Q3: What was the group of volumes titled ?
A3: Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
Q4: Where does the author state that the Roman Catholic Church received her facts and confirmations ?
A4: Mohametan Bible
Title: Political_corruption
Topic: Social sciences and society

Further conventions were adopted at the regional level under the aegis of the Organization of American States (OAS or OEA), the African Union, and in 2003, at the universal level under that of the United Nations Convention against Corruption.

Q1: What is OAS?
A1: Organization of American States
Q2: Additional conventions were adopted at the regional level by OAS and who?
A2: the African Union
Q3: What organization joined at the universal level?
A3: the United Nations Convention against Corruption
Q4: When did the United Nations Convention against Corruption join?
A4: 2003
Title: John,_King_of_England
Topic: History

Further desertions of John's local allies at the beginning of 1203 steadily reduced John's freedom to manoeuvre in the region. He attempted to convince Pope Innocent III to intervene in the conflict, but Innocent's efforts were unsuccessful. As the situation became worse for John, he appears to have decided to have Arthur killed, with the aim of removing his potential rival and of undermining the rebel movement in Brittany. Arthur had initially been imprisoned at Falaise and was then moved to Rouen. After this, Arthur's fate remains uncertain, but modern historians believe he was murdered by John. The annals of Margam Abbey suggest that "John had captured Arthur and kept him alive in prison for some time in the castle of Rouen ... when John was drunk he slew Arthur with his own hand and tying a heavy stone to the body cast it into the Seine."[nb 7] Rumours of the manner of Arthur's death further reduced support for John across the region. Arthur's sister, Eleanor, who had also been captured at Mirebeau, was kept imprisoned by John for many years, albeit in relatively good conditions.

Q1: Who did John attempt to convince?
A1: Pope Innocent III
Q2: Where was Arthur imprisoned?
A2: Falaise
Q3: Who was kept imprisoned by John for many years?
A3: Eleanor
Title: Wood
Topic: Natural sciences

Further developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, or alternatively to modify wood, for example by adding components to wood, new more advanced products will appear on the marketplace. Moisture content electronic monitoring can also enhance next generation wood protection.

Q1: What could we monitor electronically that could help inform new methods of wood protection?
A1: Moisture content
Q2: Development in the wood manufacturing industry include using lignin to make what substance?
A2: glue
Q3: Instead of rubber, what important part of a car might someday be replaced by components of wood?
A3: tire
Q4: What material might be developed from wood that could make clothes that resist wear and tear?
A4: high strength fabrics
Q5: In addition to extracting components from wood, what might scientist do by adding components, for example, to make innovative products?
A5: modify wood
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Further distinctions in self-concept, called "differentiation," occur as the adolescent recognizes the contextual influences on their own behavior and the perceptions of others, and begin to qualify their traits when asked to describe themselves. Differentiation appears fully developed by mid-adolescence. Peaking in the 7th-9th grades, the personality traits adolescents use to describe themselves refer to specific contexts, and therefore may contradict one another. The recognition of inconsistent content in the self-concept is a common source of distress in these years (see Cognitive dissonance), but this distress may benefit adolescents by encouraging structural development.

Q1: When does differentiation appear fully developed?
A1: by mid-adolescence
Q2: When adolescents begin to qualify their traits, what are they demonstrating?
A2: differentiation
Q3: Does the recognition of inconsistent content in one's self-concept typically bring distress or peace to an adolescent?
A3: distress
Title: Armenia
Topic: History

Further firefights between Armenian militiamen and Soviet troops occurred in Sovetashen, near the capital and resulted in the deaths of over 26 people, mostly Armenians. The pogrom of Armenians in Baku in January 1990 forced almost all of the 200,000 Armenians in the Azerbaijani capital Baku to flee to Armenia. On 17 March 1991, Armenia, along with the Baltic states, Georgia and Moldova, boycotted a nationwide referendum in which 78% of all voters voted for the retention of the Soviet Union in a reformed form.

Q1: Continued fighting transpired between the Armenians and Soviets in which city?
A1: Sovetashen
Q2: Where did the Armenians living in Baku escape to during the January 1990 massacre?
A2: Armenia
Q3: When did Armenia reject the referendum proposing the retention of the Soviet Union?
A3: 17 March 1991
Title: Royal_Dutch_Shell
Topic: Natural sciences

Further problems hampered the Arctic project after the commencement of drilling in 2012, as Shell dealt with a series of issues that involved air permits, Coast Guard certification of a marine vessel and severe damage to essential oil-spill equipment. Additionally, difficult weather conditions resulted in the delay of drilling during mid-2012 and the already dire situation was exacerbated by the "Kulluk" incident at the end of the year. Royal Dutch Shell had invested nearly US$5 billion by this stage of the project.

Q1: What conditions caused the delay of drilling in mid-2012?
A1: difficult weather
Q2: What worsened the situation at the end of 2012?
A2: the "Kulluk" incident
Q3: What amount had Royal Dutch Shell invested in the project by the end of 2012?
A3: nearly US$5 billion
Q4: In what year did drilling in the Arctic region begin?
A4: 2012
Title: Spectre_(2015_film)
Topic: Media and drama

Further references to Fleming's material can be found throughout the film; an MI6 safehouse is called "Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques", a reference to the short story "The Hildebrand Rarity" from the For Your Eyes Only short story collection.[citation needed] Bond's torture by Blofeld mirrors his torture by the title character of Kingsley Amis' continuation novel Colonel Sun.[citation needed]

Q1: What is the name of a location in Spectre which draws its inspiration from an Ian Fleming short story?
A1: Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques
Q2: Who wrote the book Colonel Sun?
A2: Kingsley Amis
Q3: What short story inspired the name Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques?
A3: The Hildebrand Rarity
Q4: "The Hildebrand Rarity"  is from what short story collection?
A4: For Your Eyes Only
Q5: Which character tortures Bond?
A5: Blofeld
Q6: What is the name of the MI6 safehouse?
A6: Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

Further studies, e.g. Jerome Ravetz 1971 Scientific Knowledge and its Social Problems referred to the role of the scientific community, as a social construct, in accepting or rejecting (objective) scientific knowledge. The Science wars of the 1990 were about the influence of especially French philosophers, which denied the objectivity of science in general or seemed to do so. They described as well differences between the idealized model of a pure science and the actual scientific practice; while scientism, a revival of the positivism approach, saw in precise measurement and rigorous calculation the basis for finally settling enduring metaphysical and moral controversies. However, more recently some of the leading critical theorists have recognized that their postmodern deconstructions have at times been counter-productive, and are providing intellectual ammunition for reactionary interests. Bruno Latour noted that "dangerous extremists are using the very same argument of social construction to destroy hard-won evidence that could save our lives. Was I wrong to participate in the invention of this field known as science studies? Is it enough to say that we did not really mean what we meant?"

Q1: What did Scientific Knowledge and its Social Problems describe the scientific community as?
A1: a social construct
Q2: What was the era called when scientists were rejecting the notion of objectivity of science?
A2: The Science wars
Q3: What was positivism called after it was revived?
A3: scientism
Q4: What did scientism aim to do?
A4: settling enduring metaphysical and moral controversies
Title: MP3
Topic: Engineering and technology

Further work on MPEG audio was finalized in 1994 as part of the second suite of MPEG standards, MPEG-2, more formally known as international standard ISO/IEC 13818-3 (a.k.a. MPEG-2 Part 3 or backwards compatible MPEG-2 Audio or MPEG-2 Audio BC), originally published in 1995. MPEG-2 Part 3 (ISO/IEC 13818-3) defined additional bit rates and sample rates for MPEG-1 Audio Layer I, II and III. The new sampling rates are exactly half that of those originally defined in MPEG-1 Audio. This reduction in sampling rate serves to cut the available frequency fidelity in half while likewise cutting the bitrate by 50%. MPEG-2 Part 3 also enhanced MPEG-1's audio by allowing the coding of audio programs with more than two channels, up to 5.1 multichannel.

Q1: Further work on MPEG was finalized as a part of which MPEG standard?
A1: second suite
Q2: What was the official name of ISO/IEC 13818-3 better known as?
A2: MPEG-2
Q3: At what rate were the new sampling rates defined in comparison to MPEG-1 Audio?
A3: half
Q4: Apart from cutting the frequency fidelity in half, what else was cut in half?
A4: bitrate
Q5: Allowing the coding of audio programs with more than two channels was a major aspect of what?
A5: MPEG-2 Part 3
Title: Macintosh
Topic: Engineering and technology

Furthermore, Apple had created too many similar models that confused potential buyers. At one point, its product lineup was subdivided into Classic, LC, II, Quadra, Performa, and Centris models, with essentially the same computer being sold under a number of different names. These models competed against Macintosh clones, hardware manufactured by third parties that ran Apple's System 7. This succeeded in increasing the Macintosh's market share somewhat, and provided cheaper hardware for consumers, but hurt Apple financially as existing Apple customers began to buy cheaper clones which cannibalized the sales of Apple's higher-margin Macintosh systems, yet Apple still shouldered the burden of developing the Mac OS platform.

Q1: What did Apple's creation of too many similar models do to potential buyers?
A1: confused potential buyers
Q2: What was the hardware manufactured by third parties for Apple's System 7 known as?
A2: Macintosh clones
Q3: What did the Macintosh clones provide for consumers?
A3: cheaper hardware
Q4: What did Macintosh clones succeed in increasing for Macintosh?
A4: market share
Q5: Who did the Macintosh clones hurt financially?
A5: Apple
Title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird
Topic: Language and literature

Furthermore, despite the novel's thematic focus on racial injustice, its black characters are not fully examined. In its use of racial epithets, stereotyped depictions of superstitious blacks, and Calpurnia, who to some critics is an updated version of the "contented slave" motif and to others simply unexplored, the book is viewed as marginalizing black characters. One writer asserts that the use of Scout's narration serves as a convenient mechanism for readers to be innocent and detached from the racial conflict. Scout's voice "functions as the not-me which allows the rest of us—black and white, male and female—to find our relative position in society". A teaching guide for the novel published by The English Journal cautions, "what seems wonderful or powerful to one group of students may seem degrading to another". A Canadian language arts consultant found that the novel resonated well with white students, but that black students found it "demoralizing". Another criticism, articulated by Michael Lind, is that the novel indulges in classist stereotyping and demonization of poor rural "white trash".

Q1: Which character has some critics deemed a variation of a contented slave?
A1: Calpurnia
Q2: According to one consultant, which group found the book demoralizing?
A2: black students
Q3: Michael Lund criticized the novel for demonizing whom?
A3: poor rural "white trash"
Title: Brain
Topic: Natural sciences

Furthermore, even single neurons appear to be complex and capable of performing computations. So, brain models that don't reflect this are arguably too abstractive to be representative of brain operation; models that do try to capture this are very computationally expensive and arguably intractable with present computational resources. However, having said this, the Human Brain Project is trying to build a realistic, detailed computational model of the entire human brain. It remains to be seen what level of success they can achieve in the time frame of the project and the wisdom of it has been publicly contested, with high-profile scientists on both sides of the argument.

Q1: What is the project called that is trying to build a realistic, detailed computer model of the human brain?
A1: the Human Brain Project
Title: Hunting
Topic: Sports and recreation

Furthermore, evidence exists that hunting may have been one of the multiple environmental factors leading to extinctions of the holocene megafauna and their replacement by smaller herbivores. North American megafauna extinction was coincidental with the Younger Dryas impact event, possibly making hunting a less critical factor in prehistoric species loss than had been previously thought. However, in other locations such as Australia, humans are thought to have played a very significant role in the extinction of the Australian megafauna that was widespread prior to human occupation.

Q1: What does evidence suggest hunting may have been a factor in the extinction of?
A1: holocene megafauna
Q2: What was the North American megafauna extinction coincidental with?
A2: Younger Dryas impact event
Q3: What are humans thought to have played a significant role in, in Australia?
A3: extinction of the Australian megafauna
Q4: When was Australian's megafauna widespread?
A4: prior to human occupation
Q5: What along with multiple environmental factors led to the extinction of the holocene megafauna?
A5: hunting
Q6: What replaced the holocene megafauna?
A6: smaller herbivores
Q7: What event was coincidental with the North American megafauna extinction? 
A7: Younger Dryas impact event
Q8: What is thought to have played a significant role in the extinction of the Australian megafauna?
A8: humans
Title: Imperial_College_London
Topic: History

Furthermore, in terms of job prospects, as of 2014 the average starting salary of an Imperial graduate was the highest of any UK university. In terms of specific course salaries, the Sunday Times ranked Computing graduates from Imperial as earning the second highest average starting salary in the UK after graduation, over all universities and courses. In 2012, the New York Times ranked Imperial College as one of the top 10 most-welcomed universities by the global job market. In May 2014, the university was voted highest in the UK for Job Prospects by students voting in the Whatuni Student Choice Awards Imperial is jointly ranked as the 3rd best university in the UK for the quality of graduates according to recruiters from the UK's major companies.

Q1: What statistic did the average Imperial graduate rank the highest in for 2014?
A1: average starting salary
Q2: Which type of graduate from Imperial earned the second highest average starting salary after graduation?
A2: Computing graduates
Q3: Who ranked different graduates according to their average starting salary after graduation in the UK?
A3: Sunday Times
Q4: Which prestigious newspaper ranked Imperial College as one of the top 10 most welcomed universities by job markets?
A4: New York Times
Q5: In which year did Imperial University claim the award for being voted the highest in the UK for Job Prospects?
A5: 2014
Title: Political_party
Topic: Social sciences and society

Furthermore, in the case of far-right, far-left and regionalism parties in the national parliaments of much of the European Union, mainstream political parties may form an informal cordon sanitarian which applies a policy of non-cooperation towards those "Outsider Parties" present in the legislature which are viewed as 'anti-system' or otherwise unacceptable for government. Cordon Sanitarian, however, have been increasingly abandoned over the past two decades in multi-party democracies as the pressure to construct broad coalitions in order to win elections – along with the increased willingness of outsider parties themselves to participate in government – has led to many such parties entering electoral and government coalitions.

Q1: Will mainstream political parties not cooperate towards outsider parties if they are too extream?
A1: mainstream political parties may form an informal cordon sanitarian which applies a policy of non-cooperation towards those "Outsider Parties"
Q2: which  outsider parties considered unacceptable to work with?
A2: far-right, far-left and regionalism
Q3: What has been increasingly abandoned in the past two decades?
A3: Cordon Sanitarian
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Furthermore, the amount of time adolescents spend on work and leisure activities varies greatly by culture as a result of cultural norms and expectations, as well as various socioeconomic factors. American teenagers spend less time in school or working and more time on leisure activities—which include playing sports, socializing, and caring for their appearance—than do adolescents in many other countries. These differences may be influenced by cultural values of education and the amount of responsibility adolescents are expected to assume in their family or community.

Q1: Do American teenagers spend more or less time in shool than adolescents in other countires?
A1: less
Q2: Do American teenagers spend more or less time on leisure activities than adolescents in other countries?
A2: more
Q3: Does the amount of time adolescents spend on work and leisure vary from culture to culture or reman relatively constant?
A3: varies greatly
Q4: What are two potential reasons that adolescents in different cultures spend varying time on work and leisure activities?
A4: cultural norms and expectations, as well as various socioeconomic factors
Title: Glass
Topic: Art and architecture

Fused quartz is a glass made from chemically-pure SiO2 (silica). It has excellent thermal shock characteristics, being able to survive immersion in water while red hot. However, its high melting-temperature (1723 °C) and viscosity make it difficult to work with. Normally, other substances are added to simplify processing. One is sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, "soda"), which lowers the glass transition temperature. The soda makes the glass water-soluble, which is usually undesirable, so lime (calcium oxide [CaO], generally obtained from limestone), some magnesium oxide (MgO) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3) are added to provide for a better chemical durability. The resulting glass contains about 70 to 74% silica by weight and is called a soda-lime glass. Soda-lime glasses account for about 90% of manufactured glass.

Q1: What causes glass to dissolve in water?
A1: soda
Q2: Why is lime often added to glass?
A2: better chemical durability
Q3: What percentage of soda-lime glass is silica?
A3: 70 to 74
Q4: What is a benefit of fused quartz?
A4: excellent thermal shock characteristics
Q5: What besides viscosity is a drawback of fused quartz?
A5: high melting-temperature
Title: General_Electric
Topic: Engineering and technology

GE (General Electric) Energy's renewable energy business has expanded greatly, to keep up with growing U.S. and global demand for clean energy. Since entering the renewable energy industry in 2002, GE has invested more than $850 million in renewable energy commercialization. In August 2008 it acquired Kelman Ltd, a Northern Ireland company specializing in advanced monitoring and diagnostics technologies for transformers used in renewable energy generation, and announced an expansion of its business in Northern Ireland in May 2010. In 2009, GE's renewable energy initiatives, which include solar power, wind power and GE Jenbacher gas engines using renewable and non-renewable methane-based gases, employ more than 4,900 people globally and have created more than 10,000 supporting jobs.

Q1: In what year did GE enter the renewable energy industry?
A1: 2002
Q2: How much money has GE invested in renewable energy commercialization?
A2: more than $850 million
Q3: In what year did GE acquire Kelman Ltd.?
A3: 2008
Q4: As of 2009, how many people did GE employ in its renewable energy initiatives?
A4: more than 4,900
Q5: When did GE announce an expansion of its business in Northern Ireland?
A5: May 2010
Title: General_Electric
Topic: Engineering and technology

GE has a history of some of its activities giving rise to large-scale air and water pollution. Based on year 2000 data, researchers at the Political Economy Research Institute listed the corporation as the fourth-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States, with more than 4.4 million pounds per year (2,000 tons) of toxic chemicals released into the air. GE has also been implicated in the creation of toxic waste. According to EPA documents, only the United States Government, Honeywell, and Chevron Corporation are responsible for producing more Superfund toxic waste sites.

Q1: Based on year 2000 data, where is GE ranked among the largest corporate producers of air pollution in the US?
A1: fourth-largest
Q2: How many tons of toxic chemicals does GE release into the atmosphere each year?
A2: 2,000
Q3: According to which government agency is GE a leading producer of Superfund toxic waste sites?
A3: EPA
Q4: Which two commercial businesses produce more Superfund toxic waste sites than GE?
A4: Honeywell, and Chevron Corporation
Q5: Which organization identified GE as the fourth largest corporate producer of air pollution in the US?
A5: Political Economy Research Institute
Title: General_Electric
Topic: Engineering and technology

GE has said that it will invest $1.4 billion in clean technology research and development in 2008 as part of its Ecomagination initiative. As of October 2008, the scheme had resulted in 70 green products being brought to market, ranging from halogen lamps to biogas engines. In 2007, GE raised the annual revenue target for its Ecomagination initiative from $20 billion in 2010 to $25 billion following positive market response to its new product lines. In 2010, GE continued to raise its investment by adding $10 billion into Ecomagination over the next five years.

Q1: How much money has GE said it will invest in 2008 for clean technology R&D?
A1: $1.4 billion
Q2: How many green products did GE bring to market via its Ecoimagination program as of October 2008?
A2: 70
Q3: What was GE's new revenue target for its Ecoimagination program in 2010?
A3: $25 billion
Q4: What type of lamp was introduced by GE as part of its Ecoimagination initiative?
A4: halogen
Q5: What type of engine did GE bring to market as part of its Ecoimagination project?
A5: biogas