LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser
Topic: History

While Nasser was in Syria, King Saud planned to have him assassinated on his return flight to Cairo. On 4 March, Nasser addressed the masses in Damascus and waved before them the Saudi check given to Syrian security chief and Nasser supporter Abdel Hamid Sarraj to shoot down Nasser's plane. As a consequence of Saud's scheme, he was forced by senior members of the Saudi royal family to informally cede most of his powers to his brother, King Faisal, a major opponent of Nasser and advocate for pan-Islamic unity over pan-Arabism.

Q1: Who tried to assassinate Nasser?
A1: King Saud
Q2: How was the assassination supposed to have been carried out?
A2: shoot down Nasser's plane
Q3: Who assumed power in Saudi Arabia after the failed assassination attempt?
A3: King Faisal
Q4: What was King Faisal's position toward Nasser?
A4: opponent
Title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser
Topic: History

While Nasser was increasingly criticized by Egyptian intellectuals following the Six-Day War and his death in 1970, the general public was persistently sympathetic both during and after Nasser's life. According to political scientist Mahmoud Hamad, writing in 2008, "nostalgia for Nasser is easily sensed in Egypt and all Arab countries today". General malaise in Egyptian society, particularly during the Mubarak era, augmented nostalgia for Nasser's presidency, which increasingly became associated with the ideals of national purpose, hope, social cohesion, and vibrant culture.

Q1: Who was most critical of Nasser's rule?
A1: Egyptian intellectuals
Q2: What event generated criticism of Nasser from Egypt's elite?
A2: Six-Day War
Q3: During whose presidency were Egyptians nostalgic for Nasser?
A3: Mubarak
Q4: What ideals are associated with Nasser's time as prsident?
A4: national purpose, hope, social cohesion, and vibrant culture
Title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System
Topic: Video games

While Nintendo never released an adapter for playing NES games on the SNES (though the instructions included a way to connect both consoles to the same TV by either daisy chaining the RF switches or using AV outputs for one or both systems), the Super Game Boy adapter cartridge allows games designed for Nintendo's portable Game Boy system to be played on the SNES. The Super Game Boy touted several feature enhancements over the Game Boy, including palette substitution, custom screen borders, and (for specially enhanced games) access to the SNES console. Japan also saw the release of the Super Game Boy 2, which added a communication port to enable a second Game Boy to connect for multiplayer games.

Q1: How did Nintendo say an NES and SNES could be used on the same TV?
A1: either daisy chaining the RF switches or using AV outputs for one or both systems
Q2: Which other game system's cartridges could be adapted to the SNES?
A2: Game Boy
Q3: What improvements did the Super Game Boy have over the Game Boy?
A3: palette substitution, custom screen borders, and (for specially enhanced games) access to the SNES console
Q4: Where was the Super Game Boy 2 released?
A4: Japan
Q5: What did the Super Game Boy 2 add?
A5: a communication port to enable a second Game Boy to connect for multiplayer games
Title: Czech_language
Topic: Language and literature

While Old Czech had a basic alphabet from which a general set of orthographical correspondences was drawn, it did not have a standard orthography. It also contained a number of sound clusters which no longer exist; allowing ě (/jɛ/) after soft consonants, which has since shifted to e (/ɛ/), and allowing complex consonant clusters to be pronounced all at once rather than syllabically. A phonological phenomenon, Havlik's law (which began in Proto-Slavic and took various forms in other Slavic languages), appeared in Old Czech; counting backwards from the end of a clause, every odd-numbered yer was vocalized as a vowel, while the other yers disappeared.

Q1: What type of orthography did Old Czech lack?
A1: standard
Q2: Why aren't some sound clusters used in modern Czech?
A2: no longer exist
Q3: How did old Czech allow some complex consonant clusters to be pronounced?
A3: all at once
Q4: What type of phenomenon is Havlik's law?
A4: phonological
Q5: Which "yer"s were vocalized as vowels?
A5: every odd-numbered
Title: Paris
Topic: Geography and places

While Paris has some of the richest neighbourhoods in France, it also has some of the poorest, mostly on the eastern side of the city. In 2012, 14 percent of households in the city earned less than €977 per month, the official poverty line. Twenty-five percent of residents in the 19th arrondissement lived below the poverty line; 24 percent in the 18th, 22 percent in the 20th and 18 percent in the 10th. In the city's wealthiest neighbourhood, the 7th arrondissement, 7 percent lived below the poverty line; 8 percent in the 6th arrondissement; and 9 percent in the 16th arrondissement.

Q1: What percentage of households earned less than 977 per month?
A1: 14
Q2: WHat percentage of people in the 19th arrondissement lived below the poverty line?
A2: Twenty-five
Q3: What percentage of people lived below the poverty line in Paris' wealthiest neighborhood?
A3: 7
Title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Topic: History

While President Truman had begun the process of desegregating the Armed Forces in 1948, actual implementation had been slow. Eisenhower made clear his stance in his first State of the Union address in February 1953, saying "I propose to use whatever authority exists in the office of the President to end segregation in the District of Columbia, including the Federal Government, and any segregation in the Armed Forces". When he encountered opposition from the services, he used government control of military spending to force the change through, stating "Wherever Federal Funds are expended ..., I do not see how any American can justify ... a discrimination in the expenditure of those funds".

Q1: Which president initially began to desegregate the US military?
A1: Truman
Q2: When did the desegregation of the United States Armed Forces begin?
A2: 1948
Q3: When did Eisenhower deliver his first State of the Union?
A3: February 1953
Q4: What control did Eisenhower use to push through desegregation?
A4: military spending
Q5: In what geographical area did Eisenhower promise to end desegregation in his State of the Union address?
A5: District of Columbia
Title: Southampton
Topic: Geography and places

While Southampton is no longer the base for any cross-channel ferries, it is the terminus for three internal ferry services, all of which operate from terminals at Town Quay. Two of these, a car ferry service and a fast catamaran passenger ferry service, provide links to East Cowes and Cowes respectively on the Isle of Wight and are operated by Red Funnel. The third ferry is the Hythe Ferry, providing a passenger service to Hythe on the other side of Southampton Water.

Q1: How many internal ferry services does Southampton serve?
A1: three
Q2: What is the name of the quay where all three ferries have their terminals?
A2: Town Quay
Q3: How many of the ferries connect to the Isle of Wight?
A3: Two
Q4: What company operates the ferries to East Cowes and Cowes?
A4: Red Funnel
Q5: What body of water does the Hythe Ferry cross to reach Hythe from Southampton?
A5: Southampton Water
Title: Southeast_Asia
Topic: Geography and places

While Southeast Asia is rich in flora and fauna, Southeast Asia is facing severe deforestation which causes habitat loss for various endangered species such as orangutan and the Sumatran tiger. Predictions have been made that more than 40% of the animal and plant species in Southeast Asia could be wiped out in the 21st century. At the same time, haze has been a regular occurrence. The two worst regional hazes were in 1997 and 2006 in which multiple countries were covered with thick haze, mostly caused by "slash and burn" activities in Sumatra and Borneo. In reaction, several countries in Southeast Asia signed the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution to combat haze pollution.

Q1: What percentage of plant and animal species extinction is predicted in the 21st century?
A1: 40%
Q2: Where has haze been predominant?
A2: Sumatra and Borneo
Q3: How is a haze formed?
A3: caused by "slash and burn" activities
Q4: What agreement has the Southeast Asian countries signed to combat haze pollution?
A4: Transboundary Haze Pollution
Q5: When did the 2 worst haze pollution occur in Southeast Asia?
A5: 1997 and 2006
Title: Kanye_West
Topic: Music

While West had encountered controversy a year prior when he stormed out of the American Music Awards of 2004 after losing Best New Artist, the rapper's first large-scale controversy came just days following Late Registration's release, during a benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina victims. In September 2005, NBC broadcast A Concert for Hurricane Relief, and West was a featured speaker. When West was presenting alongside actor Mike Myers, he deviated from the prepared script. Myers spoke next and continued to read the script. Once it was West's turn to speak again, he said, "George Bush doesn't care about black people." West's comment reached much of the United States, leading to mixed reactions; President Bush would later call it one of the most "disgusting moments" of his presidency. West raised further controversy in January 2006 when he posed on the cover of Rolling Stone wearing a crown of thorns.

Q1: The loss of which award caused Kanye to leave the American Music Awards?
A1: Best New Artist
Q2: Kanye participated alongside Mike Meyers in a relief benefit show for what natural disaster?
A2: Hurricane Katrina
Q3: What magazine did Kanye don a thorn crown for the cover of in 2006?
A3: Rolling Stone
Q4: In which AMA category did Kanye lose in 2004?
A4: Best New Artist
Q5: Which actor was alongside Kanye West when he insulted President Bush?
A5: Mike Myers
Q6: What magazine did Kanye West pose for in 2006 that caused another controversy?
A6: Rolling Stone
Q7: What broadcast for NBC was Kanye presenting for when he spoke negatively about President Bush?
A7: A Concert for Hurricane Relief
Title: Armenia
Topic: History

While Western Armenia still remained under Ottoman rule, the Armenians were granted considerable autonomy within their own enclaves and lived in relative harmony with other groups in the empire (including the ruling Turks). However, as Christians under a strict Muslim social system, Armenians faced pervasive discrimination. When they began pushing for more rights within the Ottoman Empire, Sultan ‘Abdu’l-Hamid II, in response, organized state-sponsored massacres against the Armenians between 1894 and 1896, resulting in an estimated death toll of 80,000 to 300,000 people. The Hamidian massacres, as they came to be known, gave Hamid international infamy as the "Red Sultan" or "Bloody Sultan."

Q1: How many Armenians were slaughtered between 1894-1896
A1: 80,000 to 300,000
Q2: What prompted the state-sponsored slaughter of Armenians?
A2: pushing for more rights
Q3: What nicknames was Sultan 'Abdu'l-Hamid II given?
A3: "Red Sultan" or "Bloody Sultan."
Q4: What was the name given to the slaughter of the Armenians between 1894-1896?
A4: Hamidian massacres
Q5: What type of social system was in place under the Ottoman Empire?
A5: Muslim
Title: Computer
Topic: Engineering and technology

While a computer may be viewed as running one gigantic program stored in its main memory, in some systems it is necessary to give the appearance of running several programs simultaneously. This is achieved by multitasking i.e. having the computer switch rapidly between running each program in turn.

Q1: In computer terms, when a computer is switching rapidly between running each program in turn, is called what?
A1: multitasking
Title: Hellenistic_period
Topic: History

While a few fragments exist, there is no surviving historical work which dates to the hundred years following Alexander's death. The works of the major Hellenistic historians Hieronymus of Cardia (who worked under Alexander, Antigonus I and other successors), Duris of Samos and Phylarchus which were used by surviving sources are all lost. The earliest and most credible surviving source for the Hellenistic period is Polybius of Megalopolis (c. 200-118), a statesman of the Achaean League until 168 BCE when he was forced to go to Rome as a hostage. His Histories eventually grew to a length of forty books, covering the years 220 to 167 BCE.

Q1: What is the earliest, most credible source of the Hellenistic period?
A1: Polybius
Q2: Where was Polybius from?
A2: Megalopolis
Q3: Where was Polybius forced to go as hostage?
A3: Rome
Q4: What years do Polybius books cover?
A4: 220 to 167 BCE
Q5: What League was Polybius a statesman?
A5: Achaean
Title: Dog
Topic: Natural sciences

While all dogs are genetically very similar, natural selection and selective breeding have reinforced certain characteristics in certain populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics, or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possess a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs.

Q1: Natural selection and what makes certain dogs behave certain ways?
A1: selective breeding
Q2: What distinguishes different types of dogs from one another?
A2: breed
Q3: Who keeps classifications of different dog breeds?
A3: modern kennel clubs.
Q4: What is responsible for different dog types and breeds today?
A4: natural selection and selective breeding
Q5: Animals that share characteristics that are different than what other animals in that species have is known as what?
A5: breeds
Q6: Modern dog breeds are what type of classification which is maintained by modern kennel clubs?
A6: non-scientific
Title: Diarrhea
Topic: Natural sciences

While antibiotics are beneficial in certain types of acute diarrhea, they are usually not used except in specific situations. There are concerns that antibiotics may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome in people infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7. In resource-poor countries, treatment with antibiotics may be beneficial. However, some bacteria are developing antibiotic resistance, particularly Shigella. Antibiotics can also cause diarrhea, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea is the most common adverse effect of treatment with general antibiotics.

Q1: Are antibiotics used in diarrhea instances?
A1: they are usually not used except in specific situations
Q2: What are the concerns with anitbiotics?
A2: may increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome in people infected with Escherichia coli O157:H7
Q3: What are bacteria doing that makes them not work as well?
A3: some bacteria are developing antibiotic resistance
Title: Asthma
Topic: Natural sciences

While asthma is a well recognized condition, there is not one universal agreed upon definition. It is defined by the Global Initiative for Asthma as "a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role. The chronic inflammation is associated with airway hyper-responsiveness that leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing particularly at night or in the early morning. These episodes are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction within the lung that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment".

Q1: Is there a universal definition of astham?
A1: there is not one universal agreed upon definition
Q2: What main components play a role in asthma?
A2: many cells and cellular elements play a role
Q3: What is the inflamation a result of?
A3: airway hyper-responsiveness
Q4: What does hyper-responsiveness of the airways cause?
A4: episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing
Q5: What are two ways to reverse an asthma attack?
A5: spontaneously or with treatment
Title: Queen_(band)
Topic: Music

While attending Ealing Art College, Tim Staffell became friends with Farrokh Bulsara, a fellow student who had assumed the English name of Freddie. Bulsara felt that he and the band had the same tastes and soon became a keen fan of Smile. In late 1970, after Staffell left to join the band Humpy Bong, the remaining Smile members, encouraged by Bulsara, changed their name to "Queen" and continued working together. When asked about the name, Bulsara explained, "I thought up the name Queen. It's just a name, but it's very regal obviously, and it sounds splendid. It's a strong name, very universal and immediate. It had a lot of visual potential and was open to all sorts of interpretations. I was certainly aware of gay connotations, but that was just one facet of it."

Q1: Tim Staffell left the band Smile in what year?
A1: 1970
Q2: What band did Tim Staffell join after leaving Smile?
A2: Humpy Bong
Q3: What was the name of the college Tim Staffell attended when he met Farrokh Bulsara?
A3: Ealing Art College
Q4: In what year did Smile change their name to Queen?
A4: 1970
Q5: What was the English first name Farrokh Bulsara adopted?
A5: Freddie
Title: Carnival
Topic: Philosophy and religion

While christian festivals such as corpus christi were church-sanctioned celebrations, Carnival was also a manifestation of European folk culture. In the Christian tradition the fasting is to commemorate the 40 days that Jesus fasted in the desert according to the New Testament and also to reflect on Christian values. As with many other Christian festivals such as Christmas which was originally a pagan midwinter festival, the Christian church has found it easier to turn the pagan Carnaval in a catholic tradition than to eliminate it.  Unlike today, carnival in the Middle Ages took not just a few days, but it covered almost the entire period between Christmas and the beginning of Lent. In those two months, several Catholic holidays were seized by the Catholic population as an outlet for their daily frustrations.

Q1: What was one of the festivals sanctioned by the church?
A1: corpus christi
Q2: Carnival was also a result of what area's folk culture?
A2: European
Q3: How many days is Jesus traditionally said to have fasted in the desert?
A3: 40
Q4: What pagan midwinter festival did the church find easier to subvert than eliminate?
A4: Christmas
Q5: Why were multiple holidays seized by the Catholic population?
A5: outlet for their daily frustrations
Title: Comics
Topic: Language and literature

While comics are often the work of a single creator, the labour of making them is frequently divided between a number of specialists. There may be separate writers and artists, and artists may specialize in parts of the artwork such as characters or backgrounds, as is common in Japan. Particularly in American superhero comic books, the art may be divided between a penciller, who lays out the artwork in pencil; an inker, who finishes the artwork in ink; a colourist; and a letterer, who adds the captions and speech balloons.

Q1: Though one person typically creates the comic, there are usually a number of what involved in actually designing it?
A1: specialists
Q2: What is a person called who does the initial pencil work for the artwork?
A2: penciller
Q3: What does an inker do?
A3: finishes the artwork in ink
Title: Education
Topic: Philosophy and religion

While considered "alternative" today, most alternative systems have existed since ancient times. After the public school system was widely developed beginning in the 19th century, some parents found reasons to be discontented with the new system. Alternative education developed in part as a reaction to perceived limitations and failings of traditional education. A broad range of educational approaches emerged, including alternative schools, self learning, homeschooling and unschooling. Example alternative schools include Montessori schools, Waldorf schools (or Steiner schools), Friends schools, Sands School, Summerhill School, The Peepal Grove School, Sudbury Valley School, Krishnamurti schools, and open classroom schools. Charter schools are another example of alternative education, which have in the recent years grown in numbers in the US and gained greater importance in its public education system.

Q1: What is another term used for Special Education Services?
A1: alternative
Q2: When were public schools become more and more developed?
A2: 19th century
Q3: What are some examples of alternative schools?
A3: Montessori schools, Waldorf schools (or Steiner schools), Friends schools
Title: John_von_Neumann
Topic: Mathematics

While consulting for the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania on the EDVAC project, von Neumann wrote an incomplete First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC. The paper, whose premature distribution nullified the patent claims of EDVAC designers J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, described a computer architecture in which the data and the program are both stored in the computer's memory in the same address space. This architecture is to this day the basis of modern computer design, unlike the earliest computers that were "programmed" using a separate memory device such as a paper tape or plugboard. Although the single-memory, stored program architecture is commonly called von Neumann architecture as a result of von Neumann's paper, the architecture's description was based on the work of J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly, inventors of the ENIAC computer at the University of Pennsylvania.

Q1: What nullified patent claims of EDVAC designers?
A1: von Neumann wrote an incomplete First Draft of a Report
Q2: What was the significance of EDVAC?
A2: architecture is to this day the basis of modern computer design,
Q3: Where was ENIAC located?
A3: University of Pennsylvania
Title: Professional_wrestling
Topic: Sports and recreation

While each wrestling match is ostensibly a competition of athletics and strategy, the goal of each match from a business standpoint is to excite and entertain the audience. Although the competition is staged, dramatic emphasis can be utilized to draw out the most intense reaction from the audience. Heightened interest results in higher attendance rates, increased ticket sales, higher ratings on television broadcasts (which result in greater ad revenue), higher pay-per-view buyrates, and sales of branded merchandise and recorded video footage. All of these contribute to the profit of the promotion company.

Q1: What is the point of a match?
A1: to excite and entertain the audience
Q2: Higher attendance and more ticket sales can be the result of what?
A2: Heightened interest
Q3: Though the contest is staged, what can garner more interest from the crowd? 
A3: dramatic emphasis
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

While equal temperament became gradually accepted as the dominant musical temperament during the 18th century, different historical temperaments are often used for music from earlier periods. For instance, music of the English Renaissance is often performed in meantone temperament.

Q1: What type of temperament became accepted during the 18th century?
A1: equal temperament
Q2: When did equal temperament become accepted as the dominant musical temperament?
A2: the 18th century
Q3: What temperament is the English Renaissance performed in?
A3: meantone temperament
Title: Appalachian_Mountains
Topic: Geography and places

While exploring inland along the northern coast of Florida in 1528, the members of the Narváez expedition, including Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, found a Native American village near present-day Tallahassee, Florida whose name they transcribed as Apalchen or Apalachen [a.paˈla.tʃɛn]. The name was soon altered by the Spanish to Apalachee and used as a name for the tribe and region spreading well inland to the north. Pánfilo de Narváez's expedition first entered Apalachee territory on June 15, 1528, and applied the name. Now spelled "Appalachian," it is the fourth-oldest surviving European place-name in the US.

Q1: What area did the Narvaez expedition explore?
A1: northern coast of Florida
Q2: When did the Narvaez expedition explore Florida?
A2: 1528
Q3: What did they transcribe Florida's name as? 
A3: Apalchen
Q4: What was the name eventually used for?
A4: as a name for the tribe and region spreading well inland to the north
Title: Carnival
Topic: Philosophy and religion

While forming an integral part of the Christian calendar, particularly in Catholic regions, many Carnival traditions resemble those antedating Christianity. Italian Carnival is sometimes thought to be derived from the ancient Roman festivals of Saturnalia and Bacchanalia. The Saturnalia, in turn, may be based on the Greek Dionysia and Oriental festivals. For the start of the Roman Saturnalia, on December 17 authorities chose an enemy of the Roman people to represent the Lord of Misrule in each community. These men and women were forced to indulge in food and physical pleasures throughout the week, horribly murdered on December 25th: "destroying the forces of darkness".

Q1: Many Carnival traditions form an integral part of whose calendar?
A1: Christian
Q2: What two ancient Roman festivals is Carnival thought to stem from?
A2: Saturnalia and Bacchanalia
Q3: The Saturnalia is potentially based on what Greek festival?
A3: Dionysia
Q4: On which month and day did Saturnalia start?
A4: December 17
Q5: What happened to the men and women chosen to represent the Lord of Misrule?
A5: horribly murdered
Title: Child_labour
Topic: Social sciences and society

While full-time work hinders schooling, empirical evidence is varied on the relationship between part-time work and school. Sometimes even part-time work may hinder school attendance or performance. On the other hand, many poor children work for resources to attend school. Children who are not doing well at school sometimes seek more satisfactory experience in work. Good relations with a supervisor at work can provide relief from tensions that children feel at school and home. In the modern world, school education has become so central to society that schoolwork has become the dominant work for most children, often replacing participation in productive work. If school curricula or quality do not provide children with appropriate skills for available jobs or if children do nor have the aptitude for schoolwork, school may impede the learning of skills, such as agriculture, which will become necessary for future livelihood.

Q1: What hinders schooling for child labourers?
A1: full-time work
Q2: What can relieve tension for children at work?
A2: Good relations with a supervisor
Q3: What can schools do to help children led to better work lives?
A3: school may impede the learning of skills
Title: Computer_security
Topic: Engineering and technology

While hardware may be a source of insecurity, such as with microchip vulnerabilities maliciously introduced during the manufacturing process, hardware-based or assisted computer security also offers an alternative to software-only computer security. Using devices and methods such as dongles, trusted platform modules, intrusion-aware cases, drive locks, disabling USB ports, and mobile-enabled access may be considered more secure due to the physical access (or sophisticated backdoor access) required in order to be compromised. Each of these is covered in more detail below.

Q1: Microchips vulnerabilities are introduced when?
A1: during the manufacturing process
Q2: What offers an alternative to soft-ware only computer security?
A2: hardware-based or assisted computer security
Q3: What can hardware be a source of?
A3: insecurity
Q4: What is required in order for hardware to be compromised?
A4: physical access (or sophisticated backdoor access)
Title: Buddhism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

While he searched for enlightenment, Gautama combined the yoga practice of his teacher Kalama with what later became known as "the immeasurables".[dubious – discuss] Gautama thus invented a new kind of human, one without egotism.[dubious – discuss] What Thich Nhat Hanh calls the "Four Immeasurable Minds" of love, compassion, joy, and equanimity[full citation needed] are also known as brahmaviharas, divine abodes, or simply as four immeasurables.[web 5] Pema Chödrön calls them the "four limitless ones". Of the four, mettā or loving-kindness meditation is perhaps the best known.[web 5] The Four Immeasurables are taught as a form of meditation that cultivates "wholesome attitudes towards all sentient beings."[web 6][web 7]

Q1: During his search for enlightenment, Gautama combined what teachings?
A1: the yoga practice of his teacher Kalama with what later became known as "the immeasurables"
Q2: What was the new kind of human invented by Gautama?
A2: one without egotism
Q3: What are the Four Immeasurable Minds also known as?
A3: brahmaviharas, divine abodes, or simply as four immeasurables
Q4: What is the best known of the four immeasurables?
A4: mettā or loving-kindness meditation
Q5: The Four Immeasurables are taught as a form of meditation that cultivates what?
A5: wholesome attitudes towards all sentient beings
Q6: Gautama combined the yoga practice of what teacher?
A6: Kalama
Q7: Gautama invented a new kind of human without what?
A7: egotism
Q8: What are the "four Immeasurable minds"?
A8: love, compassion, joy, and equanimity
Q9: Who calls the four immeasurable minds "four limitless ones"?
A9: Pema Chödrön
Q10: The Four Immeasurables are taught as a form of what?
A10: meditation
Title: Avicenna
Topic: Language and literature

While he was imprisoned in the castle of Fardajan near Hamadhan, Avicenna wrote his famous "Floating Man" – literally falling man – thought experiment to demonstrate human self-awareness and the substantiality and immateriality of the soul. Avicenna believed his "Floating Man" thought experiment demonstrated that the soul is a substance, and claimed humans cannot doubt their own consciousness, even in a situation that prevents all sensory data input. The thought experiment told its readers to imagine themselves created all at once while suspended in the air, isolated from all sensations, which includes no sensory contact with even their own bodies. He argued that, in this scenario, one would still have self-consciousness. Because it is conceivable that a person, suspended in air while cut off from sense experience, would still be capable of determining his own existence, the thought experiment points to the conclusions that the soul is a perfection, independent of the body, and an immaterial substance. The conceivability of this "Floating Man" indicates that the soul is perceived intellectually, which entails the soul's separateness from the body. Avicenna referred to the living human intelligence, particularly the active intellect, which he believed to be the hypostasis by which God communicates truth to the human mind and imparts order and intelligibility to nature. Following is an English translation of the argument:

Q1: Where was Avicenna once imprisoned?
A1: the castle of Fardajan
Q2: What did Avicenna write while he was imprisoned?
A2: "Floating Man"
Q3: What was the soul according to Avicenna?
A3: a substance
Q4: How is the soul perceived according to Avicenna's work "Floating Man"?
A4: intellectually
Q5: How did Avicenna want man to think of themselves as?
A5: suspended in the air, isolated from all sensations
Title: Pharmaceutical_industry
Topic: Natural sciences

While highly effective, the requirement for injection limited the use of norepinephrine[clarification needed] and orally active derivatives were sought. A structurally similar compound, ephedrine, was identified by Japanese chemists in the Ma Huang plant and marketed by Eli Lilly as an oral treatment for asthma. Following the work of Henry Dale and George Barger at Burroughs-Wellcome, academic chemist Gordon Alles synthesized amphetamine and tested it in asthma patients in 1929. The drug proved to have only modest anti-asthma effects, but produced sensations of exhilaration and palpitations. Amphetamine was developed by Smith, Kline and French as a nasal decongestant under the trade name Benzedrine Inhaler. Amphetamine was eventually developed for the treatment of narcolepsy, post-encepheletic parkinsonism, and mood elevation in depression and other psychiatric indications. It received approval as a New and Nonofficial Remedy from the American Medical Association for these uses in 1937 and remained in common use for depression until the development of tricyclic antidepressants in the 1960s.

Q1: Who developed Amphetamine?
A1: Smith, Kline and French
Q2: What are common side effects of Amphetamine?
A2: sensations of exhilaration and palpitations
Q3: When were tricyclic antidepressants developed?
A3: 1960s
Q4: What were some uses for Amphetamine?
A4: narcolepsy, post-encepheletic parkinsonism, and mood elevation in depression and other psychiatric indications
Q5: Who synthesized Amphetamine for asthma?
A5: Gordon Alles
Q6: Ephedrine was used as an oral medicine for what illness?
A6: asthma
Q7: In what year was amphetamine first tested on asthma patients?
A7: 1929
Q8: What was the trade name of amphetamine as a nasal decongestant?
A8: Benzedrine Inhaler
Q9: In what year did the American Medical Association approve amphetamine for medical use?
A9: 1937
Q10: In what decade were tricyclic antidepressants created?
A10: 1960s
Title: Symbiosis
Topic: Natural sciences

While historically, symbiosis has received less attention than other interactions such as predation or competition, it is increasingly recognized as an important selective force behind evolution, with many species having a long history of interdependent co-evolution. In fact, the evolution of all eukaryotes (plants, animals, fungi, and protists) is believed under the endosymbiotic theory to have resulted from a symbiosis between various sorts of bacteria. This theory is supported by certain organelles dividing independently of the cell, and the observation that some organelles seem to have their own nucleic acid.

Q1: What far-reaching result do scientists think has come about from symbiosis with bacteria?
A1: the evolution of all eukaryotes
Q2: What are eukaryotes?
A2: plants, animals, fungi, and protists
Title: Incandescent_light_bulb
Topic: Engineering and technology

While inert gas reduces filament evaporation, it also conducts heat from the filament, thereby cooling the filament and reducing efficiency. At constant pressure and temperature, the thermal conductivity of a gas depends upon the molecular weight of the gas and the cross sectional area of the gas molecules. Higher molecular weight gasses have lower thermal conductivity, because both the molecular weight is higher and also the cross sectional area is higher. Xenon gas improves efficiency because of its high molecular weight, but is also more expensive, so its use is limited to smaller lamps.

Q1: Why does inert gas reduce efficiency?
A1: conducts heat from the filament, thereby cooling the filament
Q2: What affects the thermal conductivity of a gas?
A2: molecular weight of the gas and the cross sectional area of the gas molecules
Q3: How does the molecular weight of a gas relate to thermal conductivity?
A3: Higher molecular weight gasses have lower thermal conductivity
Q4: Why is xenon gas not more widely used?
A4: more expensive, so its use is limited to smaller lamps
Q5: What is the advantage of using inert gas in a light bulb?
A5: reduces filament evaporation
Title: Computer
Topic: Engineering and technology

While it is possible to write computer programs as long lists of numbers (machine language) and while this technique was used with many early computers, it is extremely tedious and potentially error-prone to do so in practice, especially for complicated programs. Instead, each basic instruction can be given a short name that is indicative of its function and easy to remember – a mnemonic such as ADD, SUB, MULT or JUMP. These mnemonics are collectively known as a computer's assembly language. Converting programs written in assembly language into something the computer can actually understand (machine language) is usually done by a computer program called an assembler.

Q1: A computer's assembly language is known as what?
A1: basic instruction can be given a short name that is indicative of its function
Q2: Programs that convert assembly language into machine language are called what?
A2: an assembler.
Q3: Computer programs that are long lists of numbers are called what?
A3: machine language
Title: Hunting
Topic: Sports and recreation

While it is undisputed that early humans were hunters, the importance of this for the emergence of the Homo genus from the earlier Australopithecines, including the production of stone tools and eventually the control of fire, are emphasised in the hunting hypothesis and de-emphasised in scenarios that stress omnivory and social interaction, including mating behaviour, as essential in the emergence of human behavioural modernity. With the establishment of language, culture, and religion, hunting became a theme of stories and myths, as well as rituals such as dance and animal sacrifice.

Q1: What is undisputed about early humans?
A1: were hunters
Q2: Hunting was important for the emergence of the Homo genus from what?
A2: earlier Australopithecines
Q3: Production of stone tools and control of fire were also pushed forward by what?
A3: hunting
Q4: What became a theme of stories and myths?
A4: hunting
Q5: Hunting allowed what type of rituals?
A5: dance and animal sacrifice
Q6: What is undisputed about earlier humans?
A6: humans were hunters
Q7: What did hunting become a theme of?
A7: stories and myths
Q8: Stone tools and control of fire are emphasised in what hypothesis? 
A8: hunting hypothesis
Title: CBC_Television
Topic: History

While its fellow Canadian broadcasters converted most of their transmitters to digital by the Canadian digital television transition deadline of August 31, 2011, CBC converted only about half of the analogue transmitters in mandatory areas to digital (15 of 28 markets with CBC Television stations, and 14 of 28 markets with Télévision de Radio-Canada stations). Due to financial difficulties reported by the corporation, the corporation published digital transition plans for none of its analogue retransmitters in mandatory markets to be converted to digital by the deadline. Under this plan, communities that receive analogue signals by rebroadcast transmitters in mandatory markets would lose their over-the-air signals as of the deadline. Rebroadcast transmitters account for 23 of the 48 CBC and Radio-Canada transmitters in mandatory markets. Mandatory markets losing both CBC and Radio-Canada over-the-air signals include London, Ontario (metropolitan area population 457,000) and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (metro area population 257,000). In both of those markets, the corporation's television transmitters are the only ones that were not planned to be converted to digital by the deadline.

Q1: What was the deadline for converstion to digital transmission from analogue?
A1: August 31, 2011
Q2: How many of CBC's mandatory transmitters were updated before the deadline?
A2: only about half
Q3: Which two large metropolitan areas lost CBC and Radio-Canada broadcasts?
A3: London, Ontario (metropolitan area population 457,000) and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan (metro area population 257,000)
Title: Cork_(city)
Topic: History

While local government in Ireland has limited powers in comparison with other countries, the council has responsibility for planning, roads, sanitation, libraries, street lighting, parks, and a number of other important functions. Cork City Council has 31 elected members representing six electoral wards. The members are affiliated to the following political parties: Fine Gael (5 members), Fianna Fáil (10 members), Sinn Féin (8 members), Anti-Austerity Alliance (3 members), Workers' Party (1 member), Independents (4 members). Certain councillors are co-opted to represent the city at the South-West Regional Authority. A new Lord Mayor of Cork is chosen in a vote by the elected members of the council under a D'Hondt system count.

Q1: Who takes care of roads and sanitation in Cork?
A1: local government
Q2: How many wards make up Cork?
A2: six electoral wards
Q3: What is the most well represented ward in Cork?
A3: Fianna Fáil (10 members)
Q4: Which party has the least amount of members?
A4: Workers' Party
Q5: How is a mayor chosen in Cork?
A5: vote by the elected members of the council under a D'Hondt system count
Title: Gothic_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

While many secular buildings exist from the Late Middle Ages, it is in the buildings of cathedrals and great churches that Gothic architecture displays its pertinent structures and characteristics to the fullest advantage. A Gothic cathedral or abbey was, prior to the 20th century, generally the landmark building in its town, rising high above all the domestic structures and often surmounted by one or more towers and pinnacles and perhaps tall spires. These cathedrals were the skyscrapers of that day and would have been the largest buildings by far that Europeans would ever have seen. It is in the architecture of these Gothic churches that a unique combination of existing technologies established the emergence of a new building style. Those technologies were the ogival or pointed arch, the ribbed vault, and the buttress.

Q1: What type of buildings most prominently display the design aspects of the Gothic architectural style?
A1: cathedrals and great churches
Q2: Prior to the 20th century, a Gothic cathedral was considered to be what type of building in the town in which it was constructed?
A2: the landmark building
Q3: What is another name for the pointed arch?
A3: the ogival
Q4: What is an example of architectural technology that is seen in Gothic construction?
A4: the ribbed vault
Q5: What is another example of architectural technology that is seen in Gothic construction?
A5: the buttress
Title: Carnival
Topic: Philosophy and religion

While medieval pageants and festivals such as Corpus Christi were church-sanctioned, Carnival was also a manifestation of medieval folk culture. Many local Carnival customs are claimed to derive from local pre-Christian rituals, such as elaborate rites involving masked figures in the Swabian–Alemannic Fastnacht. However, evidence is insufficient to establish a direct origin from Saturnalia or other ancient festivals. No complete accounts of Saturnalia survive and the shared features of feasting, role reversals, temporary social equality, masks and permitted rule-breaking do not necessarily constitute a coherent festival or link these festivals. These similarities may represent a reservoir of cultural resources that can embody multiple meanings and functions. For example, Easter begins with the resurrection of Jesus, followed by a liminal period and ends with rebirth. Carnival reverses this as King Carnival comes to life, a liminal period follows before his death. Both feasts are calculated by the lunar calendar. Both Jesus and King Carnival may be seen as expiatory figures who make a gift to the people with their deaths. In the case of Jesus, the gift is eternal life in heaven and in the case of King Carnival, the acknowledgement that death is a necessary part of the cycle of life. Besides Christian anti-Judaism, the commonalities between church and Carnival rituals and imagery suggest a common root. Christ's passion is itself grotesque: Since early Christianity Christ is figured as the victim of summary judgement, is tortured and executed by Romans before a Jewish mob ("His blood is on us and on our children!" Matthew 27:24–25). Holy Week processions in Spain include crowds who vociferously insult the figure of Jesus. Irreverence, parody, degradation and laughter at a tragicomic effigy God can be seen as intensifications of the sacred order. In 1466, the Catholic Church under Pope Paul II revieved customs of the Saturnalia carnival: Jews were forced to race naked through the streets of the city of Rome. “Before they were to run, the Jews were richly fed, so as to make the race more difficult for them and at the same time more amusing for spectators. They ran… amid Rome’s taunting shrieks and peals of laughter, while the Holy Father stood upon a richly ornamented balcony and laughed heartily”, an eyewitness reports.

Q1: What is insufficient to establish a direct origin from ancient festivals to Carnival?
A1: evidence
Q2: What festival did no complete accounts describing survive?
A2: Saturnalia
Q3: How do both Jesus and King Carnival make a gift to the people?
A3: with their deaths
Q4: What is the gift of King Carnival?
A4: acknowledgement that death is a necessary part of the cycle of life
Q5: Who was forced to race naked through the streets of Rom by Pope Paul II?
A5: Jews
Title: Hokkien
Topic: Language and literature

While most Hokkien morphemes have standard designated characters, they are not always etymological or phono-semantic. Similar-sounding, similar-meaning or rare characters are commonly borrowed or substituted to represent a particular morpheme. Examples include "beautiful" (美 bí is the literary form), whose vernacular morpheme suí is represented by characters like 媠 (an obsolete character), 婎 (a vernacular reading of this character) and even 水 (transliteration of the sound suí), or "tall" (高 ko is the literary form), whose morpheme kôan is 懸. Common grammatical particles are not exempt; the negation particle m̄ (not) is variously represented by 毋, 呣 or 唔, among others. In other cases, characters are invented to represent a particular morpheme (a common example is the character 𪜶 in, which represents the personal pronoun "they"). In addition, some characters have multiple and unrelated pronunciations, adapted to represent Hokkien words. For example, the Hokkien word bah ("meat") has been reduced to the character 肉, which has etymologically unrelated colloquial and literary readings (he̍k and jio̍k, respectively). Another case is the word 'to eat,' chia̍h, which is often transcribed in Taiwanese newspapers and media as 呷 (a Mandarin transliteration, xiā, to approximate the Hokkien term), even though its recommended character in dictionaries is 食.

Q1: Most Hokkein morphemes have what type of characters?
A1: standard designated
Q2: In some cases, charcters are invented to represent what?
A2: a particular morpheme
Q3: Hokkien morphemes are not always what?
A3: etymological or phono-semantic
Q4: What are often borrowed to represent a particular morpheme?
A4: Similar-sounding, similar-meaning or rare characters
Title: Adult_contemporary_music
Topic: Music

While most artists became established in other formats before moving to adult contemporary, Michael Bublé and Josh Groban started out as AC artists. Throughout this decade, artists such as Nick Lachey, James Blunt, John Mayer, Bruno Mars, Jason Mraz, Kelly Clarkson, Adele, Clay Aiken and Susan Boyle have become successful thanks to a ballad heavy sound. Much as some hot AC and modern rock artists have crossed over into each other, so too has soft AC crossed with country music in this decade. Country musicians such as Faith Hill, Shania Twain, LeAnn Rimes and Carrie Underwood have had success on both charts.

Q1: Along with Josh Groban, what notable pop artist started out his career on adult contemporary radio?
A1: Michael Bublé
Q2: What sort of sound does the music of Susan Boyle have?
A2: ballad heavy
Q3: Along with Faith Hill, Shania Twain and LeAnn Rimes, what country artist has had adult contemporary hits?
A3: Carrie Underwood
Q4: What genre of music has soft AC found common ground with? 
A4: country
Title: Greece
Topic: Geography and places

While most of mainland Greece and the Aegean islands was under Ottoman control by the end of the 15th century, Cyprus and Crete remained Venetian territory and did not fall to the Ottomans until 1571 and 1670 respectively. The only part of the Greek-speaking world that escaped long-term Ottoman rule was the Ionian Islands, which remained Venetian until their capture by the First French Republic in 1797, then passed to the United Kingdom in 1809 until their unification with Greece in 1864.[page needed]

Q1: The Ottomans controlled what islands b y the end of the 15th century?
A1: Aegean islands
Q2: The Venetians had control of which two islands in the 15th century?
A2: Cyprus and Crete
Q3: The Ottomans took which islands from the Venetians?
A3: Cyprus and Crete
Q4: In what year were the Ionian Islands captured by the French?
A4: 1797
Q5: Who gained control of the Ionian Islands in 1809?
A5: United Kingdom