LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Mali
Topic: Geography and places

Mali lies in the torrid zone and is among the hottest countries in the world. The thermal equator, which matches the hottest spots year-round on the planet based on the mean daily annual temperature, crosses the country. Most of Mali receives negligible rainfall and droughts are very frequent. Late June to early December is the rainy season in the southernmost area. During this time, flooding of the Niger River is common, creating the Inner Niger Delta. The vast northern desert part of Mali has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification (BWh) with long, extremely hot summers and scarce rainfall which decreases northwards. The central area has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification (BSh) with very high temperatures year-round, a long, intense dry season and a brief, irregular rainy season. The little southern band possesses a tropical wet and dry climate (Köppen climate classification (Aw) very high temperatures year-round with a dry season and a rainy season.

Q1: Mali is located in what Zone?
A1: torrid
Q2: What months are have a rainy season in the South?
A2: June to early December
Q3: Flooding of what river is typical during these months?
A3: Niger River
Q4: What is the name of the Delta that these floods cause?
A4: Inner Niger
Q5: What part of the country has the Köppen Climate Classification of (BWh)?
A5: northern desert
Title: Mali
Topic: Geography and places

Mali underwent economic reform, beginning in 1988 by signing agreements with the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. During 1988 to 1996, Mali's government largely reformed public enterprises. Since the agreement, sixteen enterprises were privatized, 12 partially privatized, and 20 liquidated. In 2005, the Malian government conceded a railroad company to the Savage Corporation. Two major companies, Societé de Telecommunications du Mali (SOTELMA) and the Cotton Ginning Company (CMDT), were expected to be privatized in 2008.

Q1: In what year did Mali start economic changes?
A1: 1988
Q2: Mali signed agreements with what to parties that began their economic changes?
A2: World Bank and the International Monetary Fund
Q3: In what years did Mali restructure public enterprises?
A3: 1988 to 1996
Q4: How many enterprises have been made completely private since the agreement?
A4: sixteen enterprises
Q5: How many companies were completely liquidated?
A5: 20
Title: Mali
Topic: Geography and places

Mali's constitution provides for an independent judiciary, but the executive continues to exercise influence over the judiciary by virtue of power to appoint judges and oversee both judicial functions and law enforcement. Mali's highest courts are the Supreme Court, which has both judicial and administrative powers, and a separate Constitutional Court that provides judicial review of legislative acts and serves as an election arbiter. Various lower courts exist, though village chiefs and elders resolve most local disputes in rural areas.

Q1: What is Mali's highest court?
A1: Supreme Court
Q2: What controls do the supreme court have?
A2: both judicial and administrative powers
Q3: Constitutional Court provides what type of review of legislative acts?
A3: judicial review
Q4: Constitutional Court also serves as what type of arbiter?
A4: election
Q5: Local disputes in rural areas are usually handled by what individuals?
A5: village chiefs and elders
Title: Child_labour
Topic: Social sciences and society

Malian migrants have long worked on cocoa farms in the Ivory Coast, but in 2000 cocoa prices had dropped to a 10-year low and some farmers stopped paying their employees. The Malian counsel had to rescue some boys who had not been paid for five years and who were beaten if they tried to run away. Malian officials believed that 15,000 children, some as young as 11 years old, were working in the Ivory Coast in 2001. These children were often from poor families or the slums and were sold to work in other countries. Parents were told the children would find work and send money home, but once the children left home, they often worked in conditions resembling slavery. In other cases, children begging for food were lured from bus stations and sold as slaves. In 2002, the Ivory Coast had 12,000 children with no relatives nearby, which suggested they were trafficked, likely from neighboring Mali, Burkina Faso and Togo.

Q1: What migrants worked on the Ivory Coast?
A1: Malian
Q2: After a 10 year low in prices what did some farmers resort to?
A2: stopped paying their employees
Q3: Where did the children mainly come from?
A3: slums
Q4: Where were begging children often targeted for being sold into slavery?
A4: bus stations
Title: Mali
Topic: Geography and places

Malian musical traditions are derived from the griots, who are known as "Keepers of Memories". Malian music is diverse and has several different genres. Some famous Malian influences in music are kora virtuoso musician Toumani Diabaté, the late roots and blues guitarist Ali Farka Touré, the Tuareg band Tinariwen, and several Afro-pop artists such as Salif Keita, the duo Amadou et Mariam, Oumou Sangare, and Habib Koité. Dance also plays a large role in Malian culture. Dance parties are common events among friends, and traditional mask dances are performed at ceremonial events.

Q1: What is the translation or meaning of a griot?
A1: Keepers of Memories
Q2: Aside from music what other activity plays a significant role in culture?
A2: Dance
Q3: What type of garment or accessory is traditionally worn at some of the dances held?
A3: mask
Q4: What is the name of the musician that was a part of the roots and was also a blues guitarist?
A4: Ali Farka Touré
Q5: What is a well known Afro-pop artist?
A5: Salif Keita
Title: Nutrition
Topic: Agriculture, food, and drink

Malnutrition refers to insufficient, excessive, or imbalanced consumption of nutrients by an organism. In developed countries, the diseases of malnutrition are most often associated with nutritional imbalances or excessive consumption. In developing countries, malnutrition is more likely to be caused by poor access to a range of nutritious foods or inadequate knowledge. In Mali the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and the Aga Khan Foundation, trained women's groups to make equinut, a healthy and nutritional version of the traditional recipe di-dèguè (comprising peanut paste, honey and millet or rice flour). The aim was to boost nutrition and livelihoods by producing a product that women could make and sell, and which would be accepted by the local community because of its local heritage.

Q1: An imbalance in the intake of nutrients by any organism can be referred by which term?
A1: Malnutrition
Q2: In what kind of country is malnutrition often found as excessive consumption or as a nutritional imbalance?
A2: developed
Q3: Aside from inadequate knowledge, what else is characteristic of malnutrition found in developing countries?
A3: poor access to a range of nutritious foods
Q4: What is the abbreviation ICRISAT short for?
A4: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics
Q5: What is the name of the traditional Mali recipe that equinut is a twist on?
A5: di-dèguè
Title: Mammal
Topic: Natural sciences

Mammalian hair, also known as pelage, can vary in color between populations, organisms within a population, and even on the individual organism. Light-dark color variation is common in the mammalian taxa. Sometimes, this color variation is determined by age variation, however, in other cases, it is determined by other factors. Selective pressures, such as ecological interactions with other populations or environmental conditions, often lead to the variation in mammalian coloration. These selective pressures favor certain colors in order to increase survival. Camouflage is thought to be a major selection pressure shaping coloration in mammals, although there is also evidence that sexual selection, communication, and physiological processes may influence the evolution of coloration as well. Camouflage is the most predominant mechanism for color variation, as it aids in the concealment of the organisms from predators or from their prey. Coat color can also be for intraspecies communication such as warning members of their species about predators, indicating health for reproductive purposes, communicating between mother and young, and intimidating predators. Studies have shown that in some cases, differences in female and male coat color could indicate information nutrition and hormone levels, which are important in the mate selection process. One final mechanism for coat color variation is physiological response purposes, such as temperature regulation in tropical or arctic environments. Although much has been observed about color variation, much of the genetic that link coat color to genes is still unknown. The genetic sites where pigmentation genes are found are known to affect phenotype by: 1) altering the spatial distribution of pigmentation of the hairs, and 2) altering the density and distribution of the hairs. Quantitative trait mapping is being used to better understand the distribution of loci responsible for pigmentation variation. However, although the genetic sites are known, there is still much to learn about how these genes are expressed.

Q1: What is another name used for mammalian hair?
A1: pelage
Q2: Which color of hair is most common among mammalian taxa?
A2: Light-dark color
Q3: Besides Camouflage being a reason for having certain hair colors, what other reasons have been discovered? 
A3: sexual selection, communication, and physiological processes
Title: Mammal
Topic: Natural sciences

Mammals include the largest animals on the planet, the rorquals and other large whales, as well as some of the most intelligent, such as elephants, primates, including humans, and cetaceans. The basic body type is a four-legged land-borne animal, but some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, or on two legs. The largest group of mammals, the placentals, have a placenta, which enables feeding the fetus during gestation. Mammals range in size from the 30–40 mm (1.2–1.6 in) bumblebee bat to the 33-meter (108 ft) blue whale.

Q1: Which specific mammal is the largest today?
A1: blue whale
Q2: Which mammal is the smallest?
A2: bumblebee bat
Q3: Which four legged mammal is considered to be the smartest?
A3: elephants
Q4: About how small is the average bumble bee bat?
A4: 30–40 mm (1.2–1.6 in)
Title: Premier_League
Topic: Sports and recreation

Managers in the Premier League are involved in the day-to-day running of the team, including the training, team selection, and player acquisition. Their influence varies from club-to-club and is related to the ownership of the club and the relationship of the manager with fans. Managers are required to have a UEFA Pro Licence which is the final coaching qualification available, and follows the completion of the UEFA 'B' and 'A' Licences. The UEFA Pro Licence is required by every person who wishes to manage a club in the Premier League on a permanent basis (i.e. more than 12 weeks – the amount of time an unqualified caretaker manager is allowed to take control). Caretaker appointments are managers that fill the gap between a managerial departure and a new appointment. Several caretaker managers have gone on to secure a permanent managerial post after performing well as a caretaker; examples include Paul Hart at Portsmouth and David Pleat at Tottenham Hotspur.

Q1: What are some of the every day tasks that a manager of a team has to deal with?
A1: Managers in the Premier League are involved in the day-to-day running of the team, including the training, team selection, and player acquisition.
Q2: What type of licence does a manager need?
A2: Managers are required to have a UEFA Pro Licence
Q3: Is this licence required on a permanent basis?
A3: The UEFA Pro Licence is required by every person who wishes to manage a club in the Premier League on a permanent basis
Q4: What is a caretaker manager?
A4: Caretaker appointments are managers that fill the gap between a managerial departure and a new appointment.
Q5: Give an example of someone who was a caretaker manager?
A5: examples include Paul Hart at Portsmouth and David Pleat at Tottenham Hotspur.
Q6: What license are managers in the Premier League required to hold?
A6: UEFA Pro Licence
Q7: Which licence follows completion of both the UEFA B and A licences?
A7: UEFA Pro Licence
Q8: For how long at most is an unlicenced caretaker manager allowed to control a Premier League team for?
A8: 12 weeks
Q9: Which caretaker manager was later promoted to permanent manager at Portsmouth?
A9: Paul Hart
Q10: Which caretaker manager was later promoted to permanent manager at Tottenham Hotspur?
A10: David Pleat
Title: Mandolin
Topic: Music

Mandolin awareness in the United States blossomed in the 1880s, as the instrument became part of a fad that continued into the mid-1920s. According to Clarence L. Partee, the first mandolin made in the United States was made in 1883 or 1884 by Joseph Bohmann, who was an established maker of violins in Chicago. Partee characterized the early instrument as being larger than the European instruments he was used to, with a "peculiar shape" and "crude construction," and said that the quality improved, until American instruments were "superior" to imported instruments. At the time, Partee was using an imported French-made mandolin.

Q1: When did madolin awareness in the US become fluent?
A1: 1880s
Q2: When was the first madolin made in the US?
A2: 1883 or 1884
Q3: Who made the first US mandolin?
A3: Joseph Bohm
Q4: Where was Joseph Bohmann from? 
A4: Chicago
Q5: What type of madolin was Partee using ?
A5: French-made mandolin
Title: Mandolin
Topic: Music

Mandolin has also been used in blues music, most notably by Ry Cooder, who performed outstanding covers on his very first recordings, Yank Rachell, Johnny "Man" Young, Carl Martin, and Gerry Hundt. Howard Armstrong, who is famous for blues violin, got his start with his father's mandolin and played in string bands similar to the other Tennessee string bands he came into contact with, with band makeup including "mandolins and fiddles and guitars and banjos. And once in a while they would ease a little ukulele in there and a bass fiddle." Other blues players from the era's string bands include Willie Black (Whistler And His Jug Band), Dink Brister, Jim Hill, Charles Johnson, Coley Jones (Dallas String Band), Bobby Leecan (Need More Band), Alfred Martin, Charlie McCoy (1909-1950), Al Miller, Matthew Prater, and Herb Quinn.

Q1: Who got his start with his father's mandolin? 
A1: Howard Armstrong,
Q2: Who is the most popular blue music mandolinist?
A2: Ry Cooder
Q3: What other instrument did the Tennessee string bands use? 
A3: ukulele in there and a bass fiddle
Q4: Who played in the Whistler and His Jug Band? 
A4: Willie Black
Title: New_York_City
Topic: Geography and places

Manhattan Island is linked to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey by several tunnels as well. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sailed through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel when it opened in 1927. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940. President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Hugh L. Carey Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.

Q1: Which tunnel do 120,000 vehicles travel through a day in NYC?
A1: The Lincoln Tunnel
Q2: The Holland Tunnel opened in what year?
A2: 1927
Q3: The Queens-Midtown Tunnel was finished in what year?
A3: 1940
Q4: Who was the first person to drive through The Queens-Midtown Tunnel?
A4: President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Q5: How many vehicles utilize the Lincoln Tunnel daily?
A5: 120,000
Q6: What body of water is above the Lincoln Tunnel?
A6: Hudson River
Q7: What borough is connected to New Jersey via the Lincoln Tunnel?
A7: Manhattan
Q8: In what New Jersey city does the Holland Tunnel terminate?
A8: Jersey City
Q9: Who drove through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel before anyone else?
A9: Franklin D. Roosevelt
Title: New_York_City
Topic: Geography and places

Manhattan was on track to have an estimated 90,000 hotel rooms at the end of 2014, a 10% increase from 2013. In October 2014, the Anbang Insurance Group, based in China, purchased the Waldorf Astoria New York for US$1.95 billion, making it the world's most expensive hotel ever sold.

Q1: About how many hotel rooms are there in Manhattan?
A1: 90,000
Q2: What was the percentage increase of Manhattan hotel rooms between 2013 and 2014?
A2: 10%
Q3: Who owns the Waldorf Astoria?
A3: Anbang Insurance Group
Q4: What was the October 2014 purchase price of the Waldorf Astoria?
A4: US$1.95 billion
Q5: The hotel that sold for the most money in 2014 was which in NYC?
A5: Waldorf Astoria New York
Q6: How many hotel rooms are located in NYC as of the end of 2014?
A6: 90,000
Q7: Who bought the Waldorf Astoria hotel in NYC in 2014?
A7: Anbang Insurance Group
Q8: The Waldorf Astoria hotel sold for how many dollars?
A8: 1.95 billion
Title: New_York_City
Topic: Geography and places

Manhattan's skyline, with its many skyscrapers, is universally recognized, and the city has been home to several of the tallest buildings in the world. As of 2011, New York City had 5,937 high-rise buildings, of which 550 completed structures were at least 330 feet (100 m) high, both second in the world after Hong Kong, with over 50 completed skyscrapers taller than 656 feet (200 m). These include the Woolworth Building (1913), an early gothic revival skyscraper built with massively scaled gothic detailing.

Q1: How many high-rises were present in New York City in 2011?
A1: 5,937
Q2: What city has the most high-rise buildings in the world?
A2: Hong Kong
Q3: How many structures in New York City are over 100m tall?
A3: 550
Q4: In what year was the Woolworth Building completed?
A4: 1913
Q5: How many buildings in New York City are over 200m high?
A5: 50
Q6: NYC has the highest quantity of skyscrapers after which other world city?
A6: Hong Kong
Q7: How many buildings located in NYC are at least 330 feet in height?
A7: 550
Title: Vacuum
Topic: Natural sciences

Manifold vacuum can be used to drive accessories on automobiles. The best-known application is the vacuum servo, used to provide power assistance for the brakes. Obsolete applications include vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps. Some aircraft instruments (Attitude Indicator (AI) and the Heading Indicator (HI)) are typically vacuum-powered, as protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments, since early aircraft often did not have electrical systems, and since there are two readily available sources of vacuum on a moving aircraft—the engine and an external venturi. Vacuum induction melting uses electromagnetic induction within a vacuum.

Q1: What provides power assistance for auto brakes?
A1: vacuum servo
Q2: What are two available sources of vacuum on a moving airplane?
A2: engine and an external venturi
Q3: Why are the Attitude indicator and heading indicator vacuum-powered?
A3: protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments,
Q4: What does a manifold vacuum do on a car?
A4: drive accessories
Q5: What no longer used accessories were powered by vacuum?
A5: vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps
Title: Transistor
Topic: Engineering and technology

Manufacturers of devices may have their own proprietary numbering system, for example CK722. Since devices are second-sourced, a manufacturer's prefix (like "MPF" in MPF102, which originally would denote a Motorola FET) now is an unreliable indicator of who made the device. Some proprietary naming schemes adopt parts of other naming schemes, for example a PN2222A is a (possibly Fairchild Semiconductor) 2N2222A in a plastic case (but a PN108 is a plastic version of a BC108, not a 2N108, while the PN100 is unrelated to other xx100 devices).

Q1: What was once an indicator of the devices creator?
A1: a manufacturer's prefix
Q2: What makes a manufacturer's prefix less reliable?
A2: devices are second-sourced
Q3: What is the marking for a 2N2222A in a plastic case?
A3: PN2222A
Q4: What is a plastic version of a BC108?
A4: PN108
Title: Baptists
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Many Baptist churches choose to affiliate with organizational groups that provide fellowship without control. The largest such group is the Southern Baptist Convention. There also are a substantial number of smaller cooperative groups. Finally, there are Baptist churches that choose to remain autonomous and independent of any denomination, organization, or association. It has been suggested that a primary Baptist principle is that local Baptist Churches are independent and self-governing, and if so the term 'Baptist denomination' may be considered somewhat incongruous.

Q1: What is the largest fellowship without control?
A1: Southern Baptist Convention
Q2: It has been suggested that a primary Baptist principle is that local Baptist Churches are what?
A2: independent and self-governing
Q3: What term is considered somewhat incongrous is a self-governing church?
A3: Baptist denomination
Title: New_York_City
Topic: Geography and places

Many Fortune 500 corporations are headquartered in New York City, as are a large number of foreign corporations. One out of ten private sector jobs in the city is with a foreign company. New York City has been ranked first among cities across the globe in attracting capital, business, and tourists. This ability to attract foreign investment helped New York City top the FDi Magazine American Cities of the Future ranking for 2013.

Q1: What fraction of New Yorkers in the private sector are employed by foreign companies?
A1: One out of ten
Q2: What publication ranked New York first in the 2013 American Cities of the Future rankings?
A2: FDi Magazine
Title: Aspirated_consonant
Topic: Language and literature

Many Indo-Aryan languages have aspirated stops. Sanskrit, Hindi, Bengali, Marathi, and Gujarati have a four-way distinction in stops: voiceless, aspirated, voiced, and breathy-voiced or voiced aspirated, such as /p pʰ b bʱ/. Punjabi has lost breathy-voiced consonants, which resulted in a tone system, and therefore has a distinction between voiceless, aspirated, and voiced: /p pʰ b/.

Q1: How many distinctions in stops do languages like Bengali and Hindi have?
A1: four
Q2: What is another term for voice-aspirated?
A2: breathy-voiced
Q3: Which distinction has Punjabi lost?
A3: breathy-voiced consonants
Title: Freemasonry
Topic: Unknown

Many Islamic anti-Masonic arguments are closely tied to both antisemitism and Anti-Zionism, though other criticisms are made such as linking Freemasonry to al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah). Some Muslim anti-Masons argue that Freemasonry promotes the interests of the Jews around the world and that one of its aims is to destroy the Al-Aqsa Mosque in order to rebuild the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. In article 28 of its Covenant, Hamas states that Freemasonry, Rotary, and other similar groups "work in the interest of Zionism and according to its instructions ..."

Q1: What do Islamic anti-masonics link Freemasonry to?
A1: al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah
Q2: Why do muslim anti-masonics believe that the Freemasons want to destroy the Al-Aqsa Mosque?
A2: rebuild the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem
Q3: What is another group that anti-masonic muslims link to zionism?
A3: Rotary
Q4: What are most of the arguements by anti-masonic muslims centered on? 
A4: antisemitism and Anti-Zionism
Q5: Who's interests are the muslin anti-masonics afraid that the Freemasons are protecting?
A5: Jews
Q6: What do many Islamic and anti-Masonic argue about Freemasonry?
A6: linking Freemasonry to al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah)
Q7: Some Muslims argue that Freemasonry promotes what?
A7: the interests of the Jews
Q8: What article states that Freemasonry work in the interest of Zionism?
A8: article 28
Title: Multiracial_American
Topic: History

Many Latin American migrants have been mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race. Multiracial Latinos have limited media appearance; critics have accused the U.S. Hispanic media of overlooking the brown-skinned indigenous and multiracial Hispanic and black Hispanic populations by over-representation of blond and blue/green-eyed white Hispanic and Latino Americans (who resemble Scandinavians and other Northern Europeans rather than they look like white Hispanic and Latino Americans mostly of typical Southern European features), and also light-skinned mulatto and mestizo Hispanic and Latino Americans (often deemed as white persons in U.S. Hispanic and Latino populations if achieving the middle class or higher social status), especially some of the actors on the telenovelas.

Q1: What are many Latin American migrants?
A1: mestizo, Amerindian, or other mixed race
Q2: What do latinos consider a light skinned mulatto to be?
A2: white
Q3: Who is overlooking darker skinned latino multiracial people?
A3: the U.S. Hispanic media
Q4: What does the typical latino in media look like?
A4: blond and blue/green-eyed white
Title: Umayyad_Caliphate
Topic: History

Many Muslims criticized the Umayyads for having too many non-Muslim, former Roman administrators in their government. St John of Damascus was also a high administrator in the Umayyad administration. As the Muslims took over cities, they left the peoples political representatives and the Roman tax collectors and the administrators. The taxes to the central government were calculated and negotiated by the peoples political representatives. The Central government got paid for the services it provided and the local government got the money for the services it provided. Many Christian cities also used some of the taxes on maintain their churches and run their own organizations. Later the Umayyads were criticized by some Muslims for not reducing the taxes of the people who converted to Islam. These new converts continues to pay the same taxes that were previously negotiated.

Q1: What Christian saint was also an Umayyad administrator?
A1: John of Damascus
Q2: What tax collectors did the Umayyads often leave in place after they conquered regions?
A2: Roman
Q3: In addition to criticism received for employing non-Muslims, for what notable reason did some Muslims criticize the Umayyads?
A3: not reducing the taxes of the people who converted to Islam
Title: Switzerland
Topic: Geography and places

Many Nobel prizes have been awarded to Swiss scientists, for example to the world-famous physicist Albert Einstein in the field of physics who developed his Special relativity while working in Bern. More recently Vladimir Prelog, Heinrich Rohrer, Richard Ernst, Edmond Fischer, Rolf Zinkernagel and Kurt Wüthrich received Nobel prizes in the sciences. In total, 113 Nobel Prize winners in all fields stand in relation to Switzerland[note 11] and the Nobel Peace Prize has been awarded nine times to organisations residing in Switzerland.

Q1: What Swiss world famous physicist developed his Special relativity while working in Bern?
A1: Albert Einstein
Q2: How many total Nobel prizes were awarded to Swiss scientists?
A2: 113
Q3: How many times has the Nobel Peace Prize been awarded to organisations residing in Switzerland?
A3: nine
Title: Portugal
Topic: Geography and places

Many Portuguese holidays, festivals and traditions have a Christian origin or connotation. Although relations between the Portuguese state and the Roman Catholic Church were generally amiable and stable since the earliest years of the Portuguese nation, their relative power fluctuated. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the church enjoyed both riches and power stemming from its role in the reconquest, its close identification with early Portuguese nationalism and the foundation of the Portuguese educational system, including the first university. The growth of the Portuguese overseas empire made its missionaries important agents of colonization, with important roles in the education and evangelization of people from all the inhabited continents. The growth of liberal and nascent republican movements during the eras leading to the formation of the First Portuguese Republic (1910–26) changed the role and importance of organized religion.

Q1: In what religion do many Portuguese holidays and festivals find their origin?
A1: Christian
Q2: In what centuries did the Roman Catholic Church play a role in the reconquest?
A2: 13th and 14th
Q3: What changed the role and importance of organized religion in Portugal?
A3: formation of the First Portuguese Republic
Q4: During what years did the formation of the First Portuguese Republic take place?
A4: 1910–26
Title: Republic_of_the_Congo
Topic: Geography and places

Many Pygmies belong from birth to Bantus in a relationship many refer to as slavery. The Congolese Human Rights Observatory says that the Pygmies are treated as property the same way "pets" are. On December 30, 2010, the Congolese parliament adopted a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. This law is the first of its kind in Africa, and its adoption is a historic development for indigenous peoples on the continent.

Q1: Who is considered to own members of the Pygmies?
A1: Bantus
Q2: The treatment of Pygmies has been compared to the treatment of what?
A2: pets
Q3: When did the government of the Congo pass a law to assist indigenous people?
A3: December 30, 2010
Title: Sanskrit
Topic: Language and literature

Many Sanskrit dramas also indicate that the language coexisted with Prakrits, spoken by multilingual speakers with a more extensive education. Sanskrit speakers were almost always multilingual. In the medieval era, Sanskrit continued to be spoken and written, particularly by learned Brahmins for scholarly communication. This was a thin layer of Indian society, but covered a wide geography. Centres like Varanasi, Paithan, Pune and Kanchipuram had a strong presence of teaching and debating institutions, and high classical Sanskrit was maintained until British times.

Q1: What form of speech shows that Sanskrit and Prakrits existed together?
A1: Sanskrit dramas
Q2: What type of speakers spoke Sanskrit?
A2: multilingual
Q3: For what did Brahmins use Sanskrit?
A3: scholarly communication
Q4: Until what period was high Sanskrit used?
A4: British times
Q5: How large of a group in society use Sanskrit?
A5: thin layer
Title: Sanskrit
Topic: Language and literature

Many Sanskrit loanwords are also found in Austronesian languages, such as Javanese, particularly the older form in which nearly half the vocabulary is borrowed. Other Austronesian languages, such as traditional Malay and modern Indonesian, also derive much of their vocabulary from Sanskrit, albeit to a lesser extent, with a larger proportion derived from Arabic. Similarly, Philippine languages such as Tagalog have some Sanskrit loanwords, although more are derived from Spanish. A Sanskrit loanword encountered in many Southeast Asian languages is the word bhāṣā, or spoken language, which is used to refer to the names of many languages.

Q1: Tagalog is what kind of language?
A1: Philippine
Q2: From what language is a large proportion of Tagalog derived?
A2: Spanish
Q3: What is an example of a Sanskrit loanword used in Southeast Asian languages?
A3: bhāṣā
Q4: What is the meaning of the Sanskrit loanword "bhāṣā?"
A4: spoken language
Q5: What is an example of a traditional language that derives much of its vocabulary from Sanskrit?
A5: Malay
Q6: Where were many Sanskrit words found?
A6: Austronesian languages
Q7: In what older from of which language were more than half the words borrowed from Sanskrit?
A7: Javanese
Q8: What Sanskrit borrowed word is found in many Asian languages?
A8: bhāṣā
Q9: What is the meaning of bhasa?
A9: spoken language
Q10: Where does traditional Malay get many of its loanwords?
A10: Sanskrit
Title: Somerset
Topic: Geography and places

Many Somerset soldiers died during the First World War, with the Somerset Light Infantry suffering nearly 5,000 casualties. War memorials were put up in most of the county's towns and villages; only nine, described as the Thankful Villages, had none of their residents killed. During the Second World War the county was a base for troops preparing for the D-Day landings. Some of the hospitals which were built for the casualties of the war remain in use. The Taunton Stop Line was set up to repel a potential German invasion. The remains of its pill boxes can still be seen along the coast, and south through Ilminster and Chard.

Q1: How many Somerset soldiers were killed in WW1
A1: Many Somerset soldiers died during the First World War, with the Somerset Light Infantry suffering nearly 5,000 casualties
Q2: How many counties had no casualties in WW1 
A2: only nine, described as the Thankful Villages, had none of their residents killed
Q3: The county was base for what in WW2
A3: for troops preparing for the D-Day landings
Q4: What is the Tauton stop line 
A4: The Taunton Stop Line was set up to repel a potential German invasion
Title: Switzerland
Topic: Geography and places

Many Swiss also follow ice hockey and support one of the 12 clubs in the League A, which is the most attended league in Europe. In 2009, Switzerland hosted the IIHF World Championship for the 10th time. It also became World Vice-Champion in 2013. The numerous lakes make Switzerland an attractive place for sailing. The largest, Lake Geneva, is the home of the sailing team Alinghi which was the first European team to win the America's Cup in 2003 and which successfully defended the title in 2007. Tennis has become an increasingly popular sport, and Swiss players such as Martina Hingis, Roger Federer, and most recently, Stanislas Wawrinka have won multiple Grand Slams. Swiss professional wrestler Claudio Castagnoli is currently signed with WWE, and is a former United States champion.

Q1: What was hosted for the 10th time by Switzerland in 2009?
A1: IIHF World Championship
Q2: What was the name of the 1st European sailing team to win America's cup in 2013?
A2: Alinghi
Q3: Which Swiss professional wrestler is currently signed with WWE?
A3: Claudio Castagnoli
Q4: Which Swiss sailing team was the 1st to win America's Cup in 2003?
A4: Alinghi
Title: Myanmar
Topic: Geography and places

Many US and European jewellery companies, including Bulgari, Tiffany, and Cartier, refuse to import these stones based on reports of deplorable working conditions in the mines. Human Rights Watch has encouraged a complete ban on the purchase of Burmese gems based on these reports and because nearly all profits go to the ruling junta, as the majority of mining activity in the country is government-run. The government of Myanmar controls the gem trade by direct ownership or by joint ventures with private owners of mines.

Q1: What is the difficulty with expanding the gem business in Burma ?
A1: US and European jewellery companies, including Bulgari, Tiffany, and Cartier, refuse to import these stones based
Q2: Why is Burma experiencing this problem with the gems industry  ?
A2: reports of deplorable working conditions in the mines.
Q3: Who gave information on the gem industries in Burma ?
A3: Human Rights Watch
Q4: What did the group advised based on the information's results ?
A4: encouraged a complete ban on the purchase of Burmese gems based
Q5: Who receives the majority of financial benefits from the gem mining ? 
A5: the ruling junta
Title: IPod
Topic: Engineering and technology

Many accessories have been made for the iPod line. A large number are made by third party companies, although many, such as the iPod Hi-Fi, are made by Apple. Some accessories add extra features that other music players have, such as sound recorders, FM radio tuners, wired remote controls, and audio/visual cables for TV connections. Other accessories offer unique features like the Nike+iPod pedometer and the iPod Camera Connector. Other notable accessories include external speakers, wireless remote controls, protective case, screen films, and wireless earphones. Among the first accessory manufacturers were Griffin Technology, Belkin, JBL, Bose, Monster Cable, and SendStation.

Q1: What is the name of an Apple-produced iPod accessory?
A1: iPod Hi-Fi
Q2: What is an example of an iPod accessory made work exercise?
A2: Nike+iPod pedometer
Q3: What are six companies that made some of the first peripherals for the iPod?
A3: Griffin Technology, Belkin, JBL, Bose, Monster Cable, and SendStation
Q4: What can A/V cables be used to connect the iPod to?
A4: TV
Q5: Who manufactures a pedometer accessory for the iPod?
A5: Nike
Q6: Which company manufactures the iPod Hi-Fi accessory?
A6: Apple
Title: Mandolin
Topic: Music

Many adaptations of the instrument have been done to cater to the special needs of Indian Carnatic music. In Indian classical music and Indian light music, the mandolin, which bears little resemblance to the European mandolin, is usually tuned E-B-E-B. As there is no concept of absolute pitch in Indian classical music, any convenient tuning maintaining these relative pitch intervals between the strings can be used. Another prevalent tuning with these intervals is C-G-C-G, which corresponds to Sa-Pa-Sa-Pa in the Indian carnatic classical music style. This tuning corresponds to the way violins are tuned for carnatic classical music. This type of mandolin is also used in Bhangra, dance music popular in Punjabi culture.

Q1: Many adaptations of the instruments were done to cater to what type of music? 
A1: Indian Carnatic
Q2: What is the mandolin usually tuned to for Indian music?
A2: E-B-E-B.
Q3: There is no concept of what in Indian music? 
A3: absolute pitch
Q4: What is another popular madonlin tuning? 
A4: C-G-C-G
Q5: These mandolin are used in a popular dance music called? 
A5: Bhangra
Title: Insect
Topic: Natural sciences

Many adult insects use six legs for walking and have adopted a tripedal gait. The tripedal gait allows for rapid walking while always having a stable stance and has been studied extensively in cockroaches. The legs are used in alternate triangles touching the ground. For the first step, the middle right leg and the front and rear left legs are in contact with the ground and move the insect forward, while the front and rear right leg and the middle left leg are lifted and moved forward to a new position. When they touch the ground to form a new stable triangle the other legs can be lifted and brought forward in turn and so on. The purest form of the tripedal gait is seen in insects moving at high speeds. However, this type of locomotion is not rigid and insects can adapt a variety of gaits. For example, when moving slowly, turning, or avoiding obstacles, four or more feet may be touching the ground. Insects can also adapt their gait to cope with the loss of one or more limbs.

Q1: How many legs do adult insects contain?
A1: six
Q2: Most adult insects have adopted what kind of gait?
A2: tripedal
Q3: The tripedal gait allows what kind of walking?
A3: rapid
Q4: Insects can adopt how many gaits?
A4: a variety
Q5: Insects can change their gait to deal with the loss of what?
A5: limbs
Title: Alloy
Topic: Mathematics

Many ancient civilizations alloyed metals for purely aesthetic purposes. In ancient Egypt and Mycenae, gold was often alloyed with copper to produce red-gold, or iron to produce a bright burgundy-gold. Gold was often found alloyed with silver or other metals to produce various types of colored gold. These metals were also used to strengthen each other, for more practical purposes. Copper was often added to silver to make sterling silver, increasing its strength for use in dishes, silverware, and other practical items. Quite often, precious metals were alloyed with less valuable substances as a means to deceive buyers. Around 250 BC, Archimedes was commissioned by the king to find a way to check the purity of the gold in a crown, leading to the famous bath-house shouting of "Eureka!" upon the discovery of Archimedes' principle.

Q1: Ancient civilizations often alloyed metals for what reason?
A1: purely aesthetic purposes
Q2: Red gold is made by combining gold with?
A2: copper
Q3:  Around what time was the Archimedes' principle discovered?
A3: 250 BC
Q4: Who shouted "Eureka!" while checking the purity of a crown?
A4: Archimedes
Q5: Buyers were often deceived when precious metals were mixed with?
A5: less valuable substances
Title: Textual_criticism
Topic: Language and literature

Many ancient works, such as the Bible and the Greek tragedies,[citation needed] survive in hundreds of copies, and the relationship of each copy to the original may be unclear. Textual scholars have debated for centuries which sources are most closely derived from the original, hence which readings in those sources are correct.[citation needed] Although biblical books that are letters, like Greek plays, presumably had one original, the question of whether some biblical books, like the Gospels, ever had just one original has been discussed. Interest in applying textual criticism to the Qur'an has also developed after the discovery of the Sana'a manuscripts in 1972, which possibly date back to the 7–8th centuries.

Q1: Interest in an analysis of what text has arose in the early 1970's?
A1: Qur'an
Q2: Why are scholars concerned with analysis of the Gospels over the letters?
A2: biblical books that are letters, like Greek plays, presumably had one original
Q3: Why is it important for textual critics to analyze the Gospels?
A3: the question of whether some biblical books, like the Gospels, ever had just one original has been discussed
Q4: What manuscripts prompted a textual analysis of the Qur'an
A4: Sana'a manuscripts
Q5: When were the Sana'a manuscripts probably written?
A5: possibly date back to the 7–8th centuries.
Title: Annelid
Topic: Natural sciences

Many annelids move by peristalsis (waves of contraction and expansion that sweep along the body), or flex the body while using parapodia to crawl or swim. In these animals the septa enable the circular and longitudinal muscles to change the shape of individual segments, by making each segment a separate fluid-filled "balloon". However, the septa are often incomplete in annelids that are semi-sessile or that do not move by peristalsis or by movements of parapodia – for example some move by whipping movements of the body, some small marine species move by means of cilia (fine muscle-powered hairs) and some burrowers turn their pharynges (throats) inside out to penetrate the sea-floor and drag themselves into it.

Q1: How does peristalsis work?
A1: waves of contraction and expansion that sweep along the body
Q2: Why are annelids' segments like water-balloons?
A2: the septa enable the circular and longitudinal muscles to change the shape of individual segments
Q3: What are phrynges?
A3: throats
Q4: What are cilia?
A4: fine muscle-powered hairs
Title: Houston
Topic: History

Many annual events celebrate the diverse cultures of Houston. The largest and longest running is the annual Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, held over 20 days from early to late March, is the largest annual livestock show and rodeo in the world. Another large celebration is the annual night-time Houston Pride Parade, held at the end of June. Other annual events include the Houston Greek Festival, Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show, the Houston International Festival, and the Bayou City Art Festival, which is considered to be one of the top five art festivals in the United States.

Q1: What is the largest annual event held in Houston?
A1: Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo
Q2: How long does the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo last?
A2: 20 days
Q3: When is the annual Houston Pride Parade held?
A3: the end of June
Q4: What is some other annual events held in Houston?
A4: Houston Greek Festival, Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show, the Houston International Festival, and the Bayou City Art Festival
Q5: What art festival held in Houston is one of the top 5 in the US?
A5: the Bayou City Art Festival
Q6: What event is the longest running in Houston?
A6: Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo
Q7: When is the Houston Livestock show and Rodeo held?
A7: March
Q8: When is the Houston Pride Parade held?
A8: end of June
Q9: What form of car parade is held in Houston?
A9: Art Car Parade
Q10: Where does the Bayou City Art Festival rank in U.S. art festivals?
A10: one of the top five
Title: Glass
Topic: Art and architecture

Many applications of silicate glasses derive from their optical transparency, which gives rise to one of silicate glasses' primary uses as window panes. Glass will transmit, reflect and refract light; these qualities can be enhanced by cutting and polishing to make optical lenses, prisms, fine glassware, and optical fibers for high speed data transmission by light. Glass can be colored by adding metallic salts, and can also be painted and printed with vitreous enamels. These qualities have led to the extensive use of glass in the manufacture of art objects and in particular, stained glass windows. Although brittle, silicate glass is extremely durable, and many examples of glass fragments exist from early glass-making cultures. Because glass can be formed or molded into any shape, and also because it is a sterile product, it has been traditionally used for vessels: bowls, vases, bottles, jars and drinking glasses. In its most solid forms it has also been used for paperweights, marbles, and beads. When extruded as glass fiber and matted as glass wool in a way to trap air, it becomes a thermal insulating material, and when these glass fibers are embedded into an organic polymer plastic, they are a key structural reinforcement part of the composite material fiberglass. Some objects historically were so commonly made of silicate glass that they are simply called by the name of the material, such as drinking glasses and reading glasses.

Q1: What ingredient makes glass colorful?
A1: metallic salts
Q2: What in combination with glass fibers is used to make fiberglass?
A2: organic polymer plastic
Q3: What quality of silicate glass allows it to be used for windows?
A3: transparency
Q4: What type of glass products can be used for sending information?
A4: optical fibers
Q5: In what product are glass fibers used to hold dead air?
A5: thermal insulating material
Title: Architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

Many architects resisted modernism, finding it devoid of the decorative richness of historical styles. As the first generation of modernists began to die after WWII, a second generation of architects including Paul Rudolph, Marcel Breuer, and Eero Saarinen tried to expand the aesthetics of modernism with Brutalism, buildings with expressive sculptural facades made of unfinished concrete. But an even new younger postwar generation critiqued modernism and Brutalism for being too austere, standardized, monotone, and not taking into account the richness of human experience offered in historical buildings across time and in different places and cultures.

Q1: What aspect of historical styles did a lot of architects find lacking in modernist styles?
A1: decorative richness
Q2: Who were three architects who influenced Brutalism?
A2: Paul Rudolph, Marcel Breuer, and Eero Saarinen
Q3: What material was used in Brutalist structures?
A3: unfinished concrete
Q4: Who disagreed with the aesthetic of Brutalism?
A4: postwar generation