LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Transistor
Topic: Engineering and technology

From November 17, 1947 to December 23, 1947, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain at AT&T's Bell Labs in the United States performed experiments and observed that when two gold point contacts were applied to a crystal of germanium, a signal was produced with the output power greater than the input. Solid State Physics Group leader William Shockley saw the potential in this, and over the next few months worked to greatly expand the knowledge of semiconductors. The term transistor was coined by John R. Pierce as a contraction of the term transresistance. According to Lillian Hoddeson and Vicki Daitch, authors of a biography of John Bardeen, Shockley had proposed that Bell Labs' first patent for a transistor should be based on the field-effect and that he be named as the inventor. Having unearthed Lilienfeld’s patents that went into obscurity years earlier, lawyers at Bell Labs advised against Shockley's proposal because the idea of a field-effect transistor that used an electric field as a "grid" was not new. Instead, what Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley invented in 1947 was the first point-contact transistor. In acknowledgement of this accomplishment, Shockley, Bardeen, and Brattain were jointly awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics "for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect."

Q1: At what time did Bardeen and Brattain experiment on increasing signal output?
A1: November 17, 1947 to December 23, 1947
Q2: What were gold contacts attached to to increase signal output?
A2: germanium
Q3: Who was the Solid State Physics Group Leader?
A3: William Shockley
Q4: Who came up with the term transistor?
A4: John R. Pierce
Q5: Why was the term transistor used?
A5: a contraction of the term transresistance
Title: The_Blitz
Topic: History

From November 1940 – February 1941, the Luftwaffe shifted its strategy and attacked other industrial cities. In particular, the West Midlands were targeted. On the night of 13/14 November, 77 He 111s of Kampfgeschwader 26 (26th Bomber Wing, or KG 26) bombed London while 63 from KG 55 hit Birmingham. The next night, a large force hit Coventry. "Pathfinders" from 12 Kampfgruppe 100 (Bomb Group 100 or KGr 100) led 437 bombers from KG 1, KG 3, KG 26, KG 27, KG 55 and Lehrgeschwader 1 (1st Training Wing, or LG 1) which dropped 394 short tons (357 t) of high explosive, 56 short tons (51 t) of incendiaries, and 127 parachute mines. Other sources say 449 bombers and a total of 530 short tons (480 t) of bombs were dropped. The raid against Coventry was particularly devastating, and led to widespread use of the phrase "to conventrate". Over 10,000 incendiaries were dropped. Around 21 factories were seriously damaged in Coventry, and loss of public utilities stopped work at nine others, disrupting industrial output for several months. Only one bomber was lost, to anti-aircraft fire, despite the RAF flying 125 night sorties. No follow up raids were made, as OKL underestimated the British power of recovery (as Bomber Command would do over Germany from 1943–1945). The Germans were surprised by the success of the attack. The concentration had been achieved by accident. The strategic effect of the raid was a brief 20 percent dip in aircraft production.

Q1: The Luftwaffe's change in strategy targeted what primarily?
A1: the West Midlands
Q2: How many parachute mines were dropped?
A2: 127
Q3: The Coventry raid led to what phrase being in widespread use?
A3: "to conventrate"
Q4: What stopped work in 9 factories in Coventry?
A4: loss of public utilities
Q5: What effect did the raid have strategically? 
A5: a brief 20 percent dip in aircraft production
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

From September 1823 to 1826 Chopin attended the Warsaw Lyceum, where he received organ lessons from the Czech musician Wilhelm Würfel during his first year. In the autumn of 1826 he began a three-year course under the Silesian composer Józef Elsner at the Warsaw Conservatory, studying music theory, figured bass and composition.[n 3] Throughout this period he continued to compose and to give recitals in concerts and salons in Warsaw. He was engaged by the inventors of a mechanical organ, the "eolomelodicon", and on this instrument in May 1825 he performed his own improvisation and part of a concerto by Moscheles. The success of this concert led to an invitation to give a similar recital on the instrument before Tsar Alexander I, who was visiting Warsaw; the Tsar presented him with a diamond ring. At a subsequent eolomelodicon concert on 10 June 1825, Chopin performed his Rondo Op. 1. This was the first of his works to be commercially published and earned him his first mention in the foreign press, when the Leipzig Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung praised his "wealth of musical ideas".

Q1: During what years did Frédéric visit the Warsaw Lyceum for lessons?
A1: 1823 to 1826
Q2: Who was Frédéric a student of involving music theory starting in 1826?
A2: Józef Elsner
Q3: What was the name of the mechanical organ Frédéric performed on during 1825?
A3: eolomelodicon
Q4: Which tsar did Frédéric perform for due to his success in previous concerts?
A4: Alexander I
Q5: On what date was Frédéric's first performance that earned international esteem?
A5: 10 June 1825
Q6: Who taught Chopin to play the organ?
A6: Wilhelm Würfel
Q7: Chopin had three years of lessons with whom?
A7: Józef Elsner
Q8: What instrument did Chopin play in front of Tsar Alexander I?
A8: eolomelodicon
Q9: What gift did Tsar Alexander I give to Chopin?
A9: diamond ring
Q10: What was the first of Chopin's works to gain international renown? 
A10: Rondo Op. 1
Q11: Who gave Chopin instruction on how to play the organ?
A11: Wilhelm Würfel
Q12: What was the name of the teacher of Chopin's three year course that began in the fall of 1826?
A12: Józef Elsner
Q13: What is th ename of the mechanical organ Chopin played in 1825?
A13: eolomelodicon
Q14: What did Tsar Alexander I give to Chopin?
A14: a diamond ring.
Q15: What is the title of his first commercially successful work?
A15: Rondo Op. 1.
Title: Lighting
Topic: Engineering and technology

From a military standpoint, lighting is a critical part of the battlefield conditions. Shadows are good places to hide, while bright areas are more exposed. It is often beneficial to fight with the Sun or other light source behind you, giving your enemy disturbing visual glare and partially hiding your own movements in backlight. If natural light is not present searchlights and flares can be used. However the use of light may disclose your own hidden position and modern warfare have seen increased use of night vision through the use of infrared cameras and image intensifiers.

Q1: In a battlefield does not have natural light what could you use instead? 
A1: searchlights and flares
Q2: The use of what may disclose your own hidden position on a battlefield? 
A2: light
Q3: Modern warfare has seen the increased use of what? 
A3: infrared cameras
Title: Neoclassical_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

From about 1800 a fresh influx of Greek architectural examples, seen through the medium of etchings and engravings, gave a new impetus to neoclassicism, the Greek Revival. There was little to no direct knowledge of Greek civilization before the middle of the 18th century in Western Europe, when an expedition funded by the Society of Dilettanti in 1751 and led by James Stuart and Nicholas Revett began serious archaeological enquiry. Stuart was commissioned after his return from Greece by George Lyttelton to produce the first Greek building in England, the garden temple at Hagley Hall (1758–59). A number of British architects in the second half of the century took up the expressive challenge of the Doric from their aristocratic patrons, including Joseph Bonomi and John Soane, but it was to remain the private enthusiasm of connoisseurs up to the first decade of the 19th century.

Q1: From around 1800 an influx of etchings and engravings came from where?
A1: Greek architectural
Q2: What was this new phase of neoclassicism?
A2: Greek Revival
Q3: Prior to what century had there been little contact between western europe and greek civilization?
A3: 18th century
Q4: Who led an expedition to Greece in 1751?
A4: James Stuart and Nicholas Revett
Q5: What was the first Greek building in England?
A5: garden temple at Hagley Hall (1758–59)
Title: Hydrogen
Topic: Natural sciences

From all the fault gases formed in power transformers, hydrogen is the most common and is generated under most fault conditions; thus, formation of hydrogen is an early indication of serious problems in the transformer's life cycle.

Q1: What is the most common gas found in power tranformers?
A1: hydrogen
Title: Brain
Topic: Natural sciences

From an evolutionary-biological perspective, the function of the brain is to provide coherent control over the actions of an animal. A centralized brain allows groups of muscles to be co-activated in complex patterns; it also allows stimuli impinging on one part of the body to evoke responses in other parts, and it can prevent different parts of the body from acting at cross-purposes to each other.

Q1: The function of the brain from an evolutionary-biological thought is what?
A1: provide coherent control over the actions of an animal
Title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives
Topic: History

From an institutional perspective, the rules of the House assign a number of specific responsibilities to the minority leader. For example, Rule XII, clause 6, grant the minority leader (or his designee) the right to offer a motion to recommit with instructions; Rule II, clause 6, states the Inspector General shall be appointed by joint recommendation of the Speaker, majority leader, and minority leader; and Rule XV, clause 6, provides that the Speaker, after consultation with the minority leader, may place legislation on the Corrections Calendar. The minority leader also has other institutional duties, such as appointing individuals to certain federal entities.

Q1: What rule gives minority leader right to offer motion to recommit with instructions?
A1: Rule XII, clause 6
Q2: Who may place legislation on a corrections calendar?
A2: minority leader
Q3: Minority leader may appoint individuals to what government roles?
A3: certain federal entities.
Title: Madrasa
Topic: Language and literature

From around 750, during the Abbasid Caliphate, women “became renowned for their brains as well as their beauty”. In particular, many well known women of the time were trained from childhood in music, dancing and poetry. Mahbuba was one of these. Another feminine figure to be remembered for her achievements was Tawaddud, "a slave girl who was said to have been bought at great cost by Hārūn al-Rashīd because she had passed her examinations by the most eminent scholars in astronomy, medicine, law, philosophy, music, history, Arabic grammar, literature, theology and chess". Moreover, among the most prominent feminine figures was Shuhda who was known as "the Scholar" or "the Pride of Women" during the 12th century in Baghdad. Despite the recognition of women's aptitudes during the Abbasid dynasty, all these came to an end in Iraq with the sack of Baghdad in 1258.

Q1: What disciplines were women trained in during the first century?
A1: music, dancing and poetry
Q2: Who was the most well known female scholar in Islamic schools?
A2: Shuhda
Q3: Where did Shuhda attend school?
A3: Baghdad
Q4: When was formal education for Islamic women halted?
A4: 1258
Q5: During which Caliphate did Islamic women begin attending formal school?
A5: Abbasid
Title: Pacific_War
Topic: History

From as early as 1935 Japanese military strategists had concluded the Dutch East Indies were, because of their oil reserves, of considerable importance to Japan. By 1940 they had expanded this to include Indo-China, Malaya, and the Philippines within their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japanese troop build ups in Hainan, Taiwan, and Haiphong were noted, Japanese Army officers were openly talking about an inevitable war, and Admiral Sankichi Takahashi was reported as saying a showdown with the United States was necessary.

Q1: Which Japanese Admiral felt it was necessary to go to war with the U.S.?
A1: Sankichi Takahashi
Q2: Why was the Dutch East Indies important to Japan?
A2: oil reserves
Q3: In what year did the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere expand?
A3: 1940
Q4: What was the importance of the Dutch East Indies to Japan?
A4: oil reserves
Q5: Who said a showdown between Japan and the United States would be necessary?
A5: Admiral Sankichi Takahashi
Q6: By what year did Japanese strategists expand their concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere?
A6: 1940
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

From at least the late nineteenth century in Europe, there was speculation that the range of human sexual response looked more like a continuum than two or three discrete categories. Berlin sexologist Magnus Hirschfeld published a scheme in 1896 that measured the strength of an individual's sexual desire on two independent 10-point scales, A (homosexual) and B (heterosexual). A heterosexual individual may be A0, B5; a homosexual individual may be A5, B0; an asexual would be A0, B0; and someone with an intense attraction to both sexes would be A9, B9.

Q1: Who was the sexologist that published a scheme in 1896?
A1: Magnus Hirschfeld
Q2: What did the published scheme attempt to do?
A2: measured the strength of an individual's sexual desire
Q3: How did the scheme measure desire?
A3: on two independent 10-point scales
Q4: What were the two scales defined as?
A4: A (homosexual) and B (heterosexual)
Q5: How many points were on each scale?
A5: 10-point
Q6: When did the questioning of human sexual responses begin?
A6: From at least the late nineteenth century
Q7: Who created the ten point scale on a persons sexuals desire?
A7: Magnus Hirschfeld
Q8: What year did Magnus Hirschfeld create the ten point scale on a persons sexual desire. 
A8: 1896
Q9: On Magnus's ten point scale what would a homosexual person be considered?
A9: a homosexual individual may be A5, B0
Q10: On the ten point scale what would an asexual person be considered as?
A10: an asexual would be A0, B0
Title: Muammar_Gaddafi
Topic: History

From childhood, Gaddafi was aware of the involvement of European colonialists in Libya; his nation was occupied by Italy, and during the North African Campaign of World War II it witnessed conflict between Italian and British troops. According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911. At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces. Although Britain and France intended on dividing the nation between their empires, the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) declared that the country be granted political independence. In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.

Q1: When did Libya become an independent nation?
A1: In 1951
Q2: When Libya first became an independent country, what form of government did it adopt?
A2: an absolute monarchy
Q3: What countries occupied Libya after World War II?
A3: British and French forces
Q4: Who was the first leader of Libya?
A4: a pro-western monarch, Idris
Q5: What World War I event directly impacted Gaddafi's family?
A5: Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911
Q6: How did World War I directly impact Gaddafi's family?
A6: According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911
Q7: What happened to Libya right after World War II?
A7: Libya was occupied by British and French forces
Q8: When was it announced that Libya would be independent?
A8: In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership
Q9: What was the first type of government that Libya had?
A9: a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.
Q10: What country occupied Libya during World War II?
A10: his nation was occupied by Italy
Q11: What nation controlled Libya as a colony when Gaddafi was a child?
A11: Italy
Q12: Who battled the Italians during the North African campaign?
A12: British
Q13: Who was Gaddafi's father's father?
A13: Abdessalam Bouminyar
Q14: During what year did the Italians invade Libya?
A14: 1911
Q15: Along with the British, who occupied Libya at the end of the Second World War?
A15: French
Title: General_Electric
Topic: Engineering and technology

From circa 1932 until 1977, General Electric polluted the Housatonic River with PCBs discharges from the General Electric plant at Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1260, made by Monsanto was the primary contaminant of the pollution. The highest concentrations of PCBs in the Housatonic River are found in Woods Pond in Lenox, Massachusetts, just south of Pittsfield, where they have been measured up to 110 mg/kg in the sediment. About 50% of all the PCBs currently in the river are estimated to be retained in the sediment behind Woods Pond dam. This is estimated to be about 11,000 pounds of PCBs. Former filled oxbows are also polluted. Waterfowl and fish who live in and around the river contain significant levels of PCBs and can present health risks if consumed.

Q1: Which river did GE pollute with PCBs from its plant in Pittsfield, MA?
A1: Housatonic River
Q2: What were the primary contaminants contained in the pollution discharged into the Housatonic River?
A2: Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1260
Q3: Which company produced the Aroctor 1254 and Aroctor 1260?
A3: Monsanto
Q4: How many pounds of PCBs are estimated to be retained in the sediment behind Woods Pond dam?
A4: 11,000
Q5: How high have the levels of PCBs in the sediments behind Woods Pond dam been measured at?
A5: 110 mg/kg
Title: Richmond,_Virginia
Topic: Geography and places

From earliest days, Virginia, and Richmond in particular, have welcomed live theatrical performances. From Lewis Hallam's early productions of Shakespeare in Williamsburg, the focus shifted to Richmond's antebellum prominence as a main colonial and early 19th century performance venue for such celebrated American and English actors as William Macready, Edwin Forrest, and the Booth family. In the 20th century, Richmonders' love of theater continued with many amateur troupes and regular touring professional productions. In the 1960s a small renaissance or golden age accompanied the growth of professional dinner theaters and the fostering of theater by the Virginia Museum, reaching a peak in the 1970s with the establishment of a resident Equity company at the Virginia Museum Theater (now the Leslie Cheek) and the birth of Theatre IV, a company that continues to this day.

Q1: In what city did Lewis Hallam present Shakespeare's plays?
A1: Williamsburg
Q2: What family of actors notably performed in 19th century Richmond?
A2: Booth
Q3: What is Virginia Museum Theater known as today?
A3: Leslie Cheek
Q4: During what decade did the Virginia Museum most significantly work to promote theater in Richmond?
A4: 1970s
Title: Pacific_War
Topic: History

From early 1944 until the days leading up to the invasion, Kuribayashi transformed the island into a massive network of bunkers, hidden guns, and 11 mi (18 km) of underground tunnels. The heavy American naval and air bombardment did little but drive the Japanese further underground, making their positions impervious to enemy fire. Their pillboxes and bunkers were all connected so that if one was knocked out, it could be reoccupied again. The network of bunkers and pillboxes greatly favored the defender.

Q1: How many miles of hidden tunnel were on the island?
A1: 11
Q2: Who transformed the island into a fortress?
A2: Kuribayashi
Q3: What were the pillboxes and bunkers connected by?
A3: underground tunnels
Q4: Who did the network of fortifications on the island favor?
A4: the defender
Title: Hunting
Topic: Sports and recreation

From early Christian times, hunting has been forbidden to Roman Catholic Church clerics. Thus the Corpus Juris Canonici (C. ii, X, De cleric. venat.) says, "We forbid to all servants of God hunting and expeditions through the woods with hounds; and we also forbid them to keep hawks or falcons." The Fourth Council of the Lateran, held under Pope Innocent III, decreed (canon xv): "We interdict hunting or hawking to all clerics." The decree of the Council of Trent is worded more mildly: "Let clerics abstain from illicit hunting and hawking" (Sess. XXIV, De reform., c. xii), which seems to imply that not all hunting is illicit, and canonists generally make a distinction declaring noisy (clamorosa) hunting unlawful, but not quiet (quieta) hunting.

Q1: Who has hunting been forbidden to since early Christian times?
A1: Roman Catholic Church clerics
Q2: Who forbid to all servants of God hunting?
A2: Corpus Juris Canonici
Q3: What pope was the Fourth Council of the Lateran held under?
A3: Pope Innocent III
Q4: What does the decree of the Council of Trent imply?
A4: not all hunting is illicit
Q5: What type of hunting is unlawful?
A5: clamorosa
Q6: Who was forbidden to hunt in early Christian time?
A6: Roman Catholic Church clerics
Q7: What forbid hunting in the woods with hounds and keeping hawks or falcons?
A7: Corpus Juris Canonici
Q8: Who held the Fourth Council of the Lateran?
A8: Pope Innocent III
Q9: How is the the decree of the Council of Trent is worded?
A9: mildly
Q10: Who stated quiet hunting is allowed?
A10: Council of Trent
Title: ASCII
Topic: Engineering and technology

From early in its development, ASCII was intended to be just one of several national variants of an international character code standard, ultimately published as ISO/IEC 646 (1972), which would share most characters in common but assign other locally useful characters to several code points reserved for "national use." However, the four years that elapsed between the publication of ASCII-1963 and ISO's first acceptance of an international recommendation during 1967 caused ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world, causing confusion and incompatibility once other countries did begin to make their own assignments to these code points.

Q1: When was ISO/IEC 646 published?
A1: 1972
Q2: What was ASCII inteded to be?
A2: one of several national variants of an international character code standard
Q3: When was ISO's first acceptance of an international recommendation?
A3: 1967
Q4: What was causing the confusion and incompatibility of the code points?
A4: ASCII's choices for the national use characters to seem to be de facto standards for the world
Title: Pope_Paul_VI
Topic: Philosophy and religion

From his bed he participated in Sunday Mass at 18:00. After communion, the pope suffered a massive heart attack, after which he continued to live for three hours. On 6 August 1978 at 21:41 Paul VI died in Castel Gandolfo. According to his will, he was buried in the grottos of the Vatican not in an ornate tomb, but in a grave in the ground. He is buried beneath the floor of Saint Peter's Basilica with other popes. In his will, he requested to be buried in the "true earth" and therefore, he does not have an ornate sarcophagus but an in-ground grave.

Q1: How long did Paul VI live for after experiencing a massive heart attack in 1978?
A1: three hours
Q2: At what time did Paul VI die?
A2: 21:41
Q3: On what day did Paul VI die?
A3: 6 August
Q4: From where did Paul VI conduct mass on the day of his death?
A4: bed
Q5: What residence was the Paul VI staying in on the day of his death?
A5: Castel Gandolfo
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

From his diagrams of a small number of particles interacting in spacetime, Feynman could then model all of physics in terms of the spins of those particles and the range of coupling of the fundamental forces. Feynman attempted an explanation of the strong interactions governing nucleons scattering called the parton model. The parton model emerged as a complement to the quark model developed by his Caltech colleague Murray Gell-Mann. The relationship between the two models was murky; Gell-Mann referred to Feynman's partons derisively as "put-ons". In the mid-1960s, physicists believed that quarks were just a bookkeeping device for symmetry numbers, not real particles, as the statistics of the Omega-minus particle, if it were interpreted as three identical strange quarks bound together, seemed impossible if quarks were real. The Stanford linear accelerator deep inelastic scattering experiments of the late 1960s showed, analogously to Ernest Rutherford's experiment of scattering alpha particles on gold nuclei in 1911, that nucleons (protons and neutrons) contained point-like particles that scattered electrons. It was natural to identify these with quarks, but Feynman's parton model attempted to interpret the experimental data in a way that did not introduce additional hypotheses. For example, the data showed that some 45% of the energy momentum was carried by electrically-neutral particles in the nucleon. These electrically-neutral particles are now seen to be the gluons that carry the forces between the quarks and carry also the three-valued color quantum number that solves the Omega-minus problem. Feynman did not dispute the quark model; for example, when the fifth quark was discovered in 1977, Feynman immediately pointed out to his students that the discovery implied the existence of a sixth quark, which was discovered in the decade after his death.

Q1: What model did Murray Gell-Mann develop?
A1: quark model
Q2: What model did Feynman produce to complement the quark model?
A2: parton model
Q3: Quarks were thought of as what in the 1960s?
A3: not real particles
Q4: Which scientist experimented with blasting alpha particles at the nuclei of gold?
A4: Ernest Rutherford
Q5: After the fifth quark was discovered, Feynman said what had to also exist?
A5: sixth quark
Title: Alexander_Graham_Bell
Topic: Engineering and technology

From his early years, Bell showed a sensitive nature and a talent for art, poetry, and music that was encouraged by his mother. With no formal training, he mastered the piano and became the family's pianist. Despite being normally quiet and introspective, he reveled in mimicry and "voice tricks" akin to ventriloquism that continually entertained family guests during their occasional visits. Bell was also deeply affected by his mother's gradual deafness, (she began to lose her hearing when he was 12) and learned a manual finger language so he could sit at her side and tap out silently the conversations swirling around the family parlour. He also developed a technique of speaking in clear, modulated tones directly into his mother's forehead wherein she would hear him with reasonable clarity. Bell's preoccupation with his mother's deafness led him to study acoustics.

Q1: Bell was gifted at art, poetry, and what?
A1: music
Q2: What did Bell succeed at without being taught?
A2: piano
Q3: How old was Bell when his mom started to go deaf?
A3: 12
Q4: What part of his mom's head would Bell talk into?
A4: forehead
Q5: What did Bell research because of his mom's deafness?
A5: acoustics
Title: Apollo
Topic: Philosophy and religion

From his eastern origin Apollo brought the art of inspection of "symbols and omina" (σημεία και τέρατα : semeia kai terata), and of the observation of the omens of the days. The inspiration oracular-cult was probably introduced from Anatolia. The ritualism belonged to Apollo from the beginning. The Greeks created the legalism, the supervision of the orders of the gods, and the demand for moderation and harmony. Apollo became the god of shining youth, the protector of music, spiritual-life, moderation and perceptible order. The improvement of the old Anatolian god, and his elevation to an intellectual sphere, may be considered an achievement of the Greek people.

Q1: Who brought the art of inspection of "symbols and omina?"
A1: Apollo
Q2: The inspiration oracular-cult was probably introduced from where?
A2: Anatolia
Q3: Which group created the legalism, the supervision of the orders of the gods, and the demand for moderation and harmony?
A3: The Greeks
Title: British_Empire
Topic: History

From its base in India, the Company had also been engaged in an increasingly profitable opium export trade to China since the 1730s. This trade, illegal since it was outlawed by the Qing dynasty in 1729, helped reverse the trade imbalances resulting from the British imports of tea, which saw large outflows of silver from Britain to China. In 1839, the confiscation by the Chinese authorities at Canton of 20,000 chests of opium led Britain to attack China in the First Opium War, and resulted in the seizure by Britain of Hong Kong Island, at that time a minor settlement.

Q1: What illegal trade was the British East India Company involved in?
A1: opium
Q2: How many chests of opium did China confiscate in 1839?
A2: 20,000
Q3: The First Opium War led to Britain seizing what island?
A3: Hong Kong
Q4: Which dynasty outlawed opium trade?
A4: Qing
Q5: When did China outlaw opium trade?
A5: 1729
Title: Neptune
Topic: Natural sciences

From its discovery in 1846 until the subsequent discovery of Pluto in 1930, Neptune was the farthest known planet. When Pluto was discovered it was considered a planet, and Neptune thus became the penultimate known planet, except for a 20-year period between 1979 and 1999 when Pluto's elliptical orbit brought it closer to the Sun than Neptune. The discovery of the Kuiper belt in 1992 led many astronomers to debate whether Pluto should be considered a planet or as part of the Kuiper belt. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union defined the word "planet" for the first time, reclassifying Pluto as a "dwarf planet" and making Neptune once again the outermost known planet in the Solar System.

Q1: What was Neptune before Pluto was discovered? 
A1: farthest known planet
Q2: What period was Pluto closer to the sun than Neptune? 
A2: between 1979 and 1999
Q3: What discovery made astronomer's debate Pluto's status as a planet? 
A3: the Kuiper belt
Q4: What year did the International Astronomical Union define the word planet? 
A4: 2006
Q5: Now that Pluto isn't a planet, what is Neptune known for in our solar system? 
A5: the outermost known planet
Title: Department_store
Topic: Social sciences and society

From its origins in the fur trade, the Hudson's Bay Company is the oldest corporation in North America and was the largest department store operator in Canada until the mid-1980s, with locations across the country. It also previously owned Zellers, another major Canadian department store which ceased to exist in March 2013 after selling its lease holdings to Target Canada. Other department stores in Canada are: Canadian Tire, Sears Canada, Ogilvy, Les Ailes de la Mode, Giant Tiger, Co-op, Costco and Holt Renfrew. Grocery giant Superstores carry many non-grocery items akin to a department store. Woolco had 160 stores in Canada when operations ceased (Walmart bought out Woolco in 1994). Today low-price Walmart is by far the most dominant department store retailer in Canada with outlets throughout the country. Historically, department stores were a significant component in Canadian economic life, and chain stores such as Eaton's, Charles Ogilvy Limited, Freiman's, Spencer's, Simpsons, Morgan's, and Woodward's were staples in their respective communities. Department stores in Canada are similar in design and style to department stores in the United States.

Q1: What business was the Hudson's Bay Company originally involved in? 
A1: the fur trade
Q2: What department store chain did Hudson's Bay Company own until it dissolved in 2013?
A2: Zellers
Q3: How many stores did Woolco operate before selling their shares to Walmart? 
A3: 160
Q4: Currently, what department store is most popular in Canada? 
A4: Walmart
Title: European_Central_Bank
Topic: Geography and places

From late 2009 a handful of mainly southern eurozone member states started being unable to repay their national Euro-denominated government debt or to finance the bail-out of troubled financial sectors under their national supervision without the assistance of third parties. This so-called European debt crisis began after Greece's new elected government stopped masking its true indebtedness and budget deficit and openly communicated the imminent danger of a Greek sovereign default. Seeing a sovereign default in the eurozone as a shock, the general public, international and European institutions, and the financial community started to intensively reassess the economic situation and creditworthiness of eurozone states. Those eurozone states being assessed as not financially sustainable enough on their current path, faced waves of credit rating downgrades and rising borrowing costs including increasing interest rate spreads. As a consequence, the ability of these states to borrow new money to further finance their budget deficits or to refinance existing unsustainable debt levels was strongly reduced.

Q1: When did the European debt Crisis begin?
A1: 2009
Q2: What did the eurozone states that were thought to not be able to repay their debt face as a consequence?
A2: the ability of these states to borrow new money to further finance their budget deficits or to refinance existing unsustainable debt levels was strongly reduced
Q3: Which country was the first to be at risk for soverign default?
A3: Greece
Q4: Who brought Greece's financial crisis to the forefront?
A4: new elected government
Q5: What had Greece's previous government been hiding?
A5: its true indebtedness and budget deficit
Title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union
Topic: History

From mid-May to September 1989, Ukrainian Greek-Catholic hunger strikers staged protests on Moscow's Arbat to call attention to the plight of their Church. They were especially active during the July session of the World Council of Churches held in Moscow. The protest ended with the arrests of the group on September 18. On May 27, 1989, the founding conference of the Lviv regional Memorial Society was held. On June 18, 1989, an estimated 100,000 faithful participated in public religious services in Ivano-Frankivsk in western Ukraine, responding to Cardinal Myroslav Lubachivsky's call for an international day of prayer.

Q1: What were the hunger strikers hoping to draw attention to?
A1: plight of their Church.
Q2: When did the Lviv regional Memorial Society have its first conference?
A2: May 27, 1989
Q3: How many people attended the services in western Ukraine?
A3: an estimated 100,000
Title: Hard_rock
Topic: Music

From outside the United Kingdom and the United States, the Canadian trio Rush released three distinctively hard rock albums in 1974–75 (Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel) before moving toward a more progressive sound with the 1976 album 2112. The Irish band Thin Lizzy, which had formed in the late 1960s, made their most substantial commercial breakthrough in 1976 with the hard rock album Jailbreak and their worldwide hit "The Boys Are Back in Town", which reached number 8 in the UK and number 12 in the US. Their style, consisting of two duelling guitarists often playing leads in harmony, proved itself to be a large influence on later bands. They reached their commercial, and arguably their artistic peak with Black Rose: A Rock Legend (1979). The arrival of Scorpions from Germany marked the geographical expansion of the subgenre. Australian-formed AC/DC, with a stripped back, riff heavy and abrasive style that also appealed to the punk generation, began to gain international attention from 1976, culminating in the release of their multi-platinum albums Let There Be Rock (1977) and Highway to Hell (1979). Also influenced by a punk ethos were heavy metal bands like Motörhead, while Judas Priest abandoned the remaining elements of the blues in their music, further differentiating the hard rock and heavy metal styles and helping to create the New Wave of British Heavy Metal which was pursued by bands like Iron Maiden, Saxon and Venom.

Q1: The band Rush is what nationality?
A1: Canadian
Q2: What are the first three Rush albums?
A2: Rush, Fly by Night and Caress of Steel
Q3: What nationality was Thin Lizzy?
A3: Irish
Q4: What was Thin Lizzy's hit single?
A4: "The Boys Are Back in Town"
Q5: The Scorpions hailed from what country?
A5: Germany
Title: Han_dynasty
Topic: History

From roughly 115 to 60 BC, Han forces fought the Xiongnu over control of the oasis city-states in the Tarim Basin. Han was eventually victorious and established the Protectorate of the Western Regions in 60 BC, which dealt with the region's defense and foreign affairs. The Han also expanded southward. The naval conquest of Nanyue in 111 BC expanded the Han realm into what are now modern Guangdong, Guangxi, and northern Vietnam. Yunnan was brought into the Han realm with the conquest of the Dian Kingdom in 109 BC, followed by parts of the Korean Peninsula with the colonial establishments of Xuantu Commandery and Lelang Commandery in 108 BC. In China's first known nationwide census taken in 2 AD, the population was registered as having 57,671,400 individuals in 12,366,470 households.

Q1: Which group did Han forces fight in the Tarm Basin?
A1: the Xiongnu
Q2: When was the first national census taken in China?
A2: 2 AD
Q3: What was the population of China in 2 AD?
A3: 57,671,400
Q4: What year was the Protectorate of Western Regions created in?
A4: 60 BC
Q5: Which kingdom did the Han conquer in 109 BC?
A5: Dian
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

From seasons four to seven and nine, the twenty-four semi-finalists were divided by gender in order to ensure an equal gender division in the top twelve. The men and women sang separately on consecutive nights, and the bottom two in each groups were eliminated each week until only six of each remained to form the top twelve.

Q1: How many semi-finalists were there in season 4?
A1: twenty-four
Q2: How were the semi-finalists divided in season four?
A2: by gender
Q3: How many men were in the top twelve on season five of American Idol?
A3: six
Q4: How many women were in the top twelve on season nine of American Idol?
A4: six
Q5: How many women were semi-finalists on season six of American Idol?
A5: twelve
Title: Galicia_(Spain)
Topic: Geography and places

From that moment Galicia, which participated to a minor extent in the American expansion of the Spanish Empire, found itself at the center of the Atlantic wars fought by Spain against the French and the Protestant powers of England and the Netherlands, whose privateers attacked the coastal areas, but major assaults were not common as the coastline was difficult and the harbors easily defended. The most famous assaults were upon the city of Vigo by Sir Francis Drake in 1585 and 1589, and the siege of A Coruña in 1589 by the English Armada. Galicia also suffered occasional slave raids by Barbary pirates, but not as frequently as the Mediterranean coastal areas. The most famous Barbary attack was the bloody sack of the town of Cangas in 1617. At the time, the king's petitions for money and troops became more frequent, due to the human and economic exhaustion of Castile; the Junta of the Kingdom of Galicia (the local Cortes or representative assembly) was initially receptive to these petitions, raising large sums, accepting the conscription of the men of the kingdom, and even commissioning a new naval squadron which was sustained with the incomes of the Kingdom.

Q1: Where did Sir Francis Drake attack in 1585 and again in 1589?
A1: Vigo
Q2: Who attacked Cangas in 1617?
A2: Barbary pirates
Title: Gothic_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

From the 10th to the 13th century, Romanesque architecture had become a pan-European style and manner of construction, affecting buildings in countries as far apart as Ireland, Croatia, Sweden and Sicily. The same wide geographic area was then affected by the development of Gothic architecture, but the acceptance of the Gothic style and methods of construction differed from place to place, as did the expressions of Gothic taste. The proximity of some regions meant that modern country borders do not define divisions of style. On the other hand, some regions such as England and Spain produced defining characteristics rarely seen elsewhere, except where they have been carried by itinerant craftsmen, or the transfer of bishops. Regional differences that are apparent in the great abbey churches and cathedrals of the Romanesque period often become even more apparent in the Gothic.

Q1: During what time period did Romanesque architecture become a pan-European style of construction?
A1: 10th to the 13th century
Q2: What is one country in the geographic area that was affected by the development of the Gothic style of architecture?
A2: Croatia
Q3: Why did country borders not affect differences in style within Gothic architecture?
A3: proximity of some regions
Q4: During which period did regional differences in Romanesque architecture become even more pronounced?
A4: the Gothic
Q5: England and what other country showed differences in architectural style rarely observed anywhere else?
A5: Spain
Title: Race_(human_categorization)
Topic: Natural sciences

From the 17th through 19th centuries, the merging of folk beliefs about group differences with scientific explanations of those differences produced what one scholar has called an "ideology of race". According to this ideology, races are primordial, natural, enduring and distinct. It was further argued that some groups may be the result of mixture between formerly distinct populations, but that careful study could distinguish the ancestral races that had combined to produce admixed groups. Subsequent influential classifications by Georges Buffon, Petrus Camper and Christoph Meiners all classified "Negros" as inferior to Europeans. In the United States the racial theories of Thomas Jefferson were influential. He saw Africans as inferior to Whites especially in regards to their intellect, and imbued with unnatural sexual appetites, but described Native Americans as equals to whites.

Q1: What did the merging of superstitious beliefs and scientific ones regarding group differences produce?
A1: an "ideology of race"
Q2: What were races considered to be, according to the ideology of race?
A2: primordial, natural, enduring and distinct
Q3: How might some groups have resulted, according to the ideology?
A3: mixture between formerly distinct populations
Q4: What group was identified as being inferior to Europeans?
A4: Negros
Q5: Who particularly noted the unnatural sexual appetites of Africans?
A5: Thomas Jefferson
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

From the 1880s to 1914, the European powers expanded their control across the African continent, competing with each other for Africa’s land and resources. Great Britain controlled various colonial holdings in East Africa that spanned the length of the African continent from Egypt in the north to South Africa. The French gained major ground in West Africa, and the Portuguese held colonies in southern Africa. Germany, Italy, and Spain established a small number of colonies at various points throughout the continent, which included German East Africa (Tanganyika) and German Southwest Africa for Germany, Eritrea and Libya for Italy, and the Canary Islands and Rio de Oro in northwestern Africa for Spain. Finally, for King Leopold (ruled from 1865–1909), there was the large “piece of that great African cake” known as the Congo, which, unfortunately for the native Congolese, became his personal fiefdom to do with as he pleased in Central Africa. By 1914, almost the entire continent was under European control. Liberia, which was settled by freed American slaves in the 1820s, and Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in eastern Africa were the last remaining independent African states. (John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, Volume Two: From the French Revolution to the Present, Third Edition (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2010), pp. 819–859).

Q1: Through what period did European powers expand control in Africa?
A1: 1880s to 1914
Q2: What was Europe competing for? 
A2: Africa’s land and resources.
Q3: What did Great Britain control?
A3: various colonial holdings in East Africa
Q4: Where in Africa did the French have control? 
A4: West Africa
Q5: Where in Africa did Portuguese have control? 
A5: southern Africa
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

From the 18th century through late 20th century, the history of science, especially of the physical and biological sciences, was often presented in a progressive narrative in which true theories replaced false beliefs. More recent historical interpretations, such as those of Thomas Kuhn, tend to portray the history of science in different terms, such as that of competing paradigms or conceptual systems in a wider matrix that includes intellectual, cultural, economic and political themes outside of science.

Q1: What replaced false beliefs?
A1: true theories
Q2: Who depicts the history of science in a wider matrix?
A2: Thomas Kuhn
Q3: What time period did the history of science begin to take a progressive narrative?
A3: the 18th century
Q4: Thomas Kuhn used conceptual systems and what other term to define the history of science?
A4: competing paradigms
Title: Florida
Topic: Geography and places

From the 1930s through much of the 1960s, Florida was essentially a one-party state dominated by white conservative Democrats, who together with other Democrats of the Solid South, exercised considerable control in Congress. They gained federal money from national programs; like other southern states, Florida residents have received more federal monies than they pay in taxes: the state is a net beneficiary. Since the 1970s, the conservative white majority of voters in the state has largely shifted from the Democratic to the Republican Party. It has continued to support Republican presidential candidates through the 20th century, except in 1976 and 1996, when the Democratic nominee was from the South. They have had "the luxury of voting for presidential candidates who pledge to cut taxes and halt the expansion of government while knowing that their congressional delegations will continue to protect federal spending."

Q1: What party dominated florida politics from 1930 to 1960 
A1: 1930s through much of the 1960s, Florida was essentially a one-party state dominated by white conservative Democrats
Q2: Does Florida benefit from taxes
A2: Florida residents have received more federal monies than they pay in taxes: the state is a net beneficiary
Q3: What party political party dominates Florida now 
A3: Since the 1970s, the conservative white majority of voters in the state has largely shifted from the Democratic to the Republican Party
Q4: How does Florida vote in presidential elections 
A4: continued to support Republican presidential candidates through the 20th century, except in 1976 and 1996, when the Democratic nominee was from the South
Q5: What do these candidates that Florida supports pledge  
A5: the luxury of voting for presidential candidates who pledge to cut taxes and halt the expansion of government
Title: Great_Plains
Topic: History

From the 1950s on, many areas of the Great Plains have become productive crop-growing areas because of extensive irrigation on large landholdings. The United States is a major exporter of agricultural products. The southern portion of the Great Plains lies over the Ogallala Aquifer, a huge underground layer of water-bearing strata dating from the last ice age. Center pivot irrigation is used extensively in drier sections of the Great Plains, resulting in aquifer depletion at a rate that is greater than the ground's ability to recharge.

Q1: around when did the great plains become productive for crop growing
A1: 1950s
Q2: what is the large underground layer of water in the great plains called?
A2: Ogallala Aquifer
Q3: what type of irrigation is used in the great plains?
A3: Center pivot irrigation