LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Russian Civil War was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed and the Soviets under the domination of the Bolshevik party assumed power, first in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and then in other places. In the wake of the October Revolution, the old Russian Imperial Army had been demobilized; the volunteer-based Red Guard was the Bolsheviks' main military force, augmented by an armed military component of the Cheka, the Bolshevik state security apparatus. There was an instituted mandatory conscription of the rural peasantry into the Red Army. Opposition of rural Russians to Red Army conscription units was overcome by taking hostages and shooting them when necessary in order to force compliance. Former Tsarist officers were utilized as "military specialists" (voenspetsy), taking their families hostage in order to ensure loyalty. At the start of the war, three-fourths of the Red Army officer corps was composed of former Tsarist officers. By its end, 83% of all Red Army divisional and corps commanders were ex-Tsarist soldiers.

Q1: Where did Soviets under the rule of the  Bolshevik first assume power during the Russian Civil War?
A1: Petrograd (St. Petersburg)
Q2: In the wake of the October resolution, what happened to the Russian Imperial Army?
A2: demobilized
Q3: What was Bolshevik's main military force?
A3: volunteer-based Red Guard
Q4: How did the Red red Army overcome their foes?
A4: by taking hostages and shooting them when necessary in order to force compliance.
Q5: How were former Tsarist Officers utilized? 
A5: as "military specialists"
Title: Space_Race
Topic: History

The Russian R-7 rocket family, which launched the first Sputnik at the beginning of the space race, is still in use today. It services the International Space Station (ISS) as the launcher for both the Soyuz and Progress spacecraft. It also ferries both Russian and American crews to and from the station.

Q1: Which Russian rocket carries passengers to and from the International Space Station?
A1: R-7 rocket
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. Following the abdication of Nicholas II of Russia, the Russian Provisional Government was established. In October 1917, a red faction revolution occurred in which the Red Guard, armed groups of workers and deserting soldiers directed by the Bolshevik Party, seized control of Saint Petersburg (then known as Petrograd) and began an immediate armed takeover of cities and villages throughout the former Russian Empire.

Q1: What is the Russian Revolution?
A1: the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union.
Q2: What happened when Nicholas II was removed from power?
A2: the Russian Provisional Government was established.
Q3: What event happened in October of 1917?
A3: a red faction revolution
Q4: What happened during the red faction revolution?
A4: armed groups of workers and deserting soldiers directed by the Bolshevik Party, seized control of Saint Petersburg
Title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic
Topic: History

The Russian SFSR was controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, until the abortive 1991 August coup, which prompted President Yeltsin to suspend the recently created Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

Q1: What political organization controlled the RSFSR up to 1991?
A1: the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Q2: What event prompted the end to the control of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in the RSFSR?
A2: the abortive 1991 August coup
Q3: Who suspended the Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic?
A3: Yeltsin
Title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic
Topic: History

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika  listen (help·info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state in 1917–22, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 1922–91 and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 1990–91. The Republic comprised sixteen autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais, and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group. To the west it bordered Finland, Norway and Poland; and to the south, China, Mongolia and North Korea whilst bordering the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Black sea and Caspian Sea to the south. Within the USSR, it bordered the Baltic republics (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia), the Byelorussian SSR and the Ukrainian SSR to the west. To the south it bordered the Georgian, Azerbaijan and Kazakh SSRs.

Q1: Which ocean is along eastern Russia?
A1: the Pacific Ocean
Q2: Which union did Russia belong to after 1922?
A2: the Soviet Union
Q3: When did the RSFSR cease to be a part of the Soviet Union?
A3: 91
Q4: How many autonomous republics make up the RSFSR?
A4: sixteen
Q5: The RSFSR contains how many oblasts?
A5: forty
Q6: How many autonomous oblasts were part of the RSFSR?
A6: five
Q7: How many krais were present in the RSFSR?
A7: six
Title: Russian_language
Topic: Language and literature

The Russian alphabet has many systems of character encoding. KOI8-R was designed by the Soviet government and was intended to serve as the standard encoding. This encoding was and still is widely used in UNIX-like operating systems. Nevertheless, the spread of MS-DOS and OS/2 (IBM866), traditional Macintosh (ISO/IEC 8859-5) and Microsoft Windows (CP1251) created chaos and ended by establishing different encodings as de facto standards, with Windows-1251 becoming a de facto standard in Russian Internet and e-mail communication during the period of roughly 1995–2005.

Q1: Who created KOI8-R encoding?
A1: the Soviet government
Q2: What system used CP1251 encoding?
A2: Microsoft Windows
Q3: What systems used IBM866 encoding?
A3: MS-DOS and OS/2
Q4: What encoding did early Macs use?
A4: ISO/IEC 8859-5
Q5: In what years was CP1251 encoding used in most Russian online usage?
A5: 1995–2005
Title: Napoleon
Topic: History

The Russian army withdrew and retreated past Moscow. Napoleon entered the city, assuming its fall would end the war and Alexander would negotiate peace. However, on orders of the city's governor Feodor Rostopchin, rather than capitulation, Moscow was burned. After five weeks, Napoleon and his army left. In early November Napoleon got concerned about loss of control back in France after the Malet coup of 1812. His army walked through snow up to their knees and nearly 10,000 men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November alone. After Battle of Berezina Napoleon succeeded to escape but had to abandon much of the remaining artillery and baggage train. On 5 December, shortly before arriving in Vilnius, Napoleon left the army in a sledge.

Q1: When Napoleon entered Moscow, he expected an offer of peace from whom?
A1: Alexander
Q2: What was the name of the governor who ordered the burning of Moscow?
A2: Feodor Rostopchin
Q3: How long did Napoleon stay in Moscow before leaving?
A3: five weeks
Q4: What 1812 event turned Napoleon's attention back to France?
A4: the Malet coup
Q5: Approximately how many French men and horses froze to death on the night of 8/9 November?
A5: 10,000
Title: Napoleon
Topic: History

The Russians avoided Napoleon's objective of a decisive engagement and instead retreated deeper into Russia. A brief attempt at resistance was made at Smolensk in August; the Russians were defeated in a series of battles, and Napoleon resumed his advance. The Russians again avoided battle, although in a few cases this was only achieved because Napoleon uncharacteristically hesitated to attack when the opportunity arose. Owing to the Russian army's scorched earth tactics, the French found it increasingly difficult to forage food for themselves and their horses.

Q1: To avoid direct fighting with Napoleon, the Russians retreated into which country?
A1: Russia
Q2: Where did the Russians try to resist Napoleon and get defeated?
A2: Smolensk
Q3: In what month were the Russians defeated at Smolensk?
A3: August
Q4: What methods used by the Russian army made it hard for the French to find food?
A4: scorched earth tactics
Title: Crimean_War
Topic: History

The Russians evacuated Wallachia and Moldavia in late July 1854. With the evacuation of the Danubian Principalities, the immediate cause of war was withdrawn and the war might have ended at this time.:192 However, war fever among the public in both the UK and France had been whipped up by the press in both countries to the degree that politicians found it untenable to propose ending the war at this point. Indeed, the coalition government of George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen fell on 30 January 1855 on a no-confidence vote as Parliament voted to appoint a committee to investigate mismanagement of the war.:311

Q1: In what year did the Russians leave Wallachia and Moldavia?
A1: 1854
Q2: War fever from what two countries caused the war to continue on?
A2: UK and France
Q3: Who voted to have a committee investigate the mismanagement during the war?
A3: Parliament
Title: Napoleon
Topic: History

The Russians eventually offered battle outside Moscow on 7 September: the Battle of Borodino resulted in approximately 44,000 Russian and 35,000 French dead, wounded or captured, and may have been the bloodiest day of battle in history up to that point in time. Although the French had won, the Russian army had accepted, and withstood, the major battle Napoleon had hoped would be decisive. Napoleon's own account was: "The most terrible of all my battles was the one before Moscow. The French showed themselves to be worthy of victory, but the Russians showed themselves worthy of being invincible."

Q1: Outside what city did the Battle of Borodino occur?
A1: Moscow
Q2: On what date did the Battle of Borodino take place?
A2: 7 September
Q3: Approximately how many Russians were hurt, killed, or captured in the Battle of Borodino?
A3: 44,000
Q4:  Around how many French were killed, injured, or taken prisoner in the Battle of Borodino?
A4: 35,000
Q5: Who won the Battle of Borodino?
A5: the French
Title: Crimean_War
Topic: History

The Russians sent a fleet to Sinop in northern Anatolia. In the Battle of Sinop on 30 November 1853 they destroyed a patrol squadron of Ottoman frigates and corvettes while they were anchored in port. Public opinion in the UK and France was outraged and demanded war. Sinop provided the United Kingdom and France with the casus belli ("cause for war") for declaring war against Russia. On 28 March 1854, after Russia ignored an Anglo-French ultimatum to withdraw from the Danubian Principalities, the UK and France formally declared war.

Q1: What battle took place on November 30, 1853?
A1: Battle of Sinop
Q2: What did the Russian send to Sinop?
A2: a fleet
Q3: While anchored in the port, what did the Russians destroy?
A3: a patrol squadron of Ottoman frigates and corvettes
Q4: What did Battle of Sinop provide for France and the U.K?
A4: cause for war
Q5: When did the Russia disregard the ultimatum to leave the Danubian Principalities?
A5: 28 March 1854
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

The SASO consists of 12 questions. Six of these questions assess sexual attraction, four assess sexual behavior, and two assess sexual orientation identity. For each question on the scale that measures homosexuality there is a corresponding question that measures heterosexuality giving six matching pairs of questions. Taken all together, the six pairs of questions and responses provide a profile of an individual's sexual orientation. However, results can be further simplified into four summaries that look specifically at responses that correspond to either homosexuality, heterosexuality, bisexuality or asexuality.

Q1: How many questions does the SASO contain?
A1: 12
Q2: What do six of the questions asses?
A2: sexual attraction
Q3: What do the other six questions asses?
A3: four assess sexual behavior, and two assess sexual orientation identity
Q4: What questions corresponds to the homosexual ones?
A4: heterosexuality
Q5: How are the results simplified when using the SASO?
A5: into four summaries that look specifically at responses that correspond to either homosexuality, heterosexuality, bisexuality or asexuality.
Title: Brain
Topic: Natural sciences

The SCN projects to a set of areas in the hypothalamus, brainstem, and midbrain that are involved in implementing sleep-wake cycles. An important component of the system is the reticular formation, a group of neuron-clusters scattered diffusely through the core of the lower brain. Reticular neurons send signals to the thalamus, which in turn sends activity-level-controlling signals to every part of the cortex. Damage to the reticular formation can produce a permanent state of coma.

Q1: A group of neuron-clusters scattered in the core of the lower brain is called what?
A1: the reticular formation
Q2: Reticular neurons transfer signals to what part of the brain?
A2: the thalamus
Q3: Damage to the reticular formation can cause what?
A3: state of coma
Q4: The SCN transfers signals to a set of areas that implement what?
A4: sleep-wake cycles.
Title: Lighting
Topic: Engineering and technology

The SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance, being the luminous power per area, is measured in Lux. It is used in photometry as a measure of the intensity, as perceived by the human eye, of light that hits or passes through a surface. It is analogous to the radiometric unit watts per square metre, but with the power at each wavelength weighted according to the luminosity function, a standardized model of human visual brightness perception. In English, "lux" is used in both singular and plural.

Q1: What is a standardized model of human visual brightness?
A1: luminosity function
Q2: What is the SI unit of illuminace and luminous emittance?
A2: Lux
Title: Vacuum
Topic: Natural sciences

The SI unit of pressure is the pascal (symbol Pa), but vacuum is often measured in torrs, named for Torricelli, an early Italian physicist (1608–1647). A torr is equal to the displacement of a millimeter of mercury (mmHg) in a manometer with 1 torr equaling 133.3223684 pascals above absolute zero pressure. Vacuum is often also measured on the barometric scale or as a percentage of atmospheric pressure in bars or atmospheres. Low vacuum is often measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or pascals (Pa) below standard atmospheric pressure. "Below atmospheric" means that the absolute pressure is equal to the current atmospheric pressure.

Q1: Absolute pressure  being equal to current atmospheric pressure means what?
A1: "Below atmospheric"
Q2: What is a torr equal to?
A2: displacement of a millimeter of mercury
Q3: What is another often used options to measure vacuum?
A3: barometric scale
Title: Sahara
Topic: Geography and places

The Sahara (Arabic: الصحراء الكبرى‎, aṣ-ṣaḥrāʾ al-kubrā , 'the Greatest Desert') is the largest hot desert in the world. It is the third largest desert after Antarctica and the Arctic. Its surface area of 9,400,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi)[citation needed]—including the Libyan Desert—is comparable to the respective land areas of China or the United States. The desert comprises much of the land found within North Africa, excluding the fertile coastal region situated against the Mediterranean Sea, the Atlas Mountains of the Maghreb, and the Nile Valley of Egypt and Sudan. The Sahara stretches from the Red Sea in the east and the Mediterranean in the north, to the Atlantic Ocean in the west, where the landscape gradually transitions to a coastal plain. To the south, it is delimited by the Sahel, a belt of semi-arid tropical savanna around the Niger River valley and Sudan Region of Sub-Saharan Africa. The Sahara can be divided into several regions, including the western Sahara, the central Ahaggar Mountains, the Tibesti Mountains, the Aïr Mountains, the Ténéré desert, and the Libyan Desert. Its name is derived from the plural Arabic language word for desert (صحارى ṣaḥārā  [ˈsˤɑħɑːrɑː]).

Q1: What is the third hottest desert in the world?
A1: The Sahara
Q2: What is the third largest desert in the world?
A2: The Sahara
Q3: What is the surface area of the Sahara Desert?
A3: 9,400,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi)
Q4: What is the hottest desert in the world?
A4: Sahara
Title: Sahara
Topic: Geography and places

The Sahara is the world's largest low-latitude hot desert. The area is located in the horse latitudes under the subtropical ridge, a significant belt of semi-permanent subtropical warm-core high pressure where the air from upper levels of the troposphere tends to sink towards the ground. This steady descending airflow causes a warming and a drying effect in the upper troposphere. The sinking air prevents evaporating water from rising and, therefore, prevents the adiabatic cooling, which makes cloud formation extremely difficult to nearly impossible.

Q1: What is the world's largest low latitude hot desert?
A1: Sahara
Q2: What ares is the Sahara located in?
A2: horse latitudes
Q3: What makes it difficult for clouds to form?
A3: sinking air
Title: Sahara
Topic: Geography and places

The Saharan cheetah (northwest African cheetah) lives in Algeria, Togo, Niger, Mali, Benin, and Burkina Faso. There remain fewer than 250 mature cheetahs, which are very cautious, fleeing any human presence. The cheetah avoids the sun from April to October, seeking the shelter of shrubs such as balanites and acacias. They are unusually pale. The other cheetah subspecies (northeast African cheetah) lives in Chad, Sudan and the eastern region of Niger. However, it is currently extinct in the wild of Egypt and Libya. They are approximately 2,000 mature individuals left in the wild.

Q1: How many cheetahs remain in the Northwest Africa area?
A1: 250
Q2: What months do the cheetah's avoid the sun?
A2: April to October
Q3: How many many cheetah's are left in the wild?
A3: 2,000
Title: Saint_Helena
Topic: Geography and places

The Saint Helena Constitution took effect in 1989 and provided that the island would be governed by a Governor and Commander-in-Chief, and an elected Executive and Legislative Council. In 2002, the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 granted full British citizenship to the islanders, and renamed the Dependent Territories (including Saint Helena) the British Overseas Territories. In 2009, Saint Helena and its two territories received equal status under a new constitution, and the British Overseas Territory was renamed Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Q1: What year did the Saint Helena Constitution officially take effect?
A1: 1989
Q2: In 2002 what act granted full British citizenship to the citizens of the islands?
A2: British Overseas Territories Act 2002
Q3: What were the dependent territories renamed to?
A3: British Overseas Territories
Title: Samoa
Topic: Geography and places

The Samoan government has called for deregulation of the financial sector, encouragement of investment, and continued fiscal discipline.[citation needed] Observers point to the flexibility of the labour market as a basic strength for future economic advances.[citation needed] The sector has been helped enormously by major capital investment in hotel infrastructure, political instability in neighbouring Pacific countries, and the 2005 launch of Virgin Samoa a joint-venture between the government and Virgin Australia (then Virgin Blue).

Q1: In which sector would the government of Samoa like to see deregulation?
A1: financial
Q2: The flexibility of what segment could support economic growth in Samoa?
A2: the labour market
Q3: What infrastructure has benefited greatly from capital investment?
A3: hotel infrastructure
Q4: What's the name of the team-up between Samoa and Virgin Australia?
A4: Virgin Samoa
Q5: Is Samoa helped or hurt by political upheaval in the countries around them?
A5: helped
Title: Samoa
Topic: Geography and places

The Samoan islands have been produced by vulcanism, the source of which is the Samoa hotspot which is probably the result of a mantle plume. While all of the islands have volcanic origins, only Savai'i, the western most island in Samoa, is volcanically active with the most recent eruptions in Mt Matavanu (1905–1911), Mata o le Afi (1902) and Mauga Afi (1725). The highest point in Samoa is Mt Silisili, at 1858 m (6,096 ft). The Saleaula lava fields situated on the central north coast of Savai'i are the result of the Mt Matavanu eruptions which left 50 km² (20 sq mi) of solidified lava.

Q1: What natural process formed the land masses that would become the Samoan islands?
A1: vulcanism
Q2: Which of the Samoan islands has active volcanoes?
A2: Savai'i
Q3: What's the name of the highest peak in Samoa?
A3: Mt Silisili,
Q4: How many meters is 6,096 feet?
A4: 1858
Q5: What volcano created the Saleaula lava fields?
A5: Mt Matavanu
Title: Samoa
Topic: Geography and places

The Samoan word for dance is siva with unique gentle movements of the body in time to music and which tells a story, although the Samoan male dances can be more physical and snappy. The sasa is also a traditional dance where rows of dancers perform rapid synchronised movements in time to the rhythm of wooden drums (pate) or rolled mats. Another dance performed by males is called the fa'ataupati or the slap dance, creating rhythmic sounds by slapping different parts of the body. This is believed to have been derived from slapping insects on the body.

Q1: What does "siva" mean in Samoan?
A1: dance
Q2: What's the name of the traditional Samoan dance performed by synchronized rows of dancers?
A2: sasa
Q3: What are pates?
A3: wooden drums
Q4: What is the name of the Samoan dance only men can perform?
A4: fa'ataupati
Q5: The "slap dance" probably mimics the movements of Samoans trying to rid themselves of what creatures?
A5: insects
Title: San_Diego
Topic: Geography and places

The San Diego Surf of the American Basketball Association is located in the city. The annual Farmers Insurance Open golf tournament (formerly the Buick Invitational) on the PGA Tour occurs at Torrey Pines Golf Course. This course was also the site of the 2008 U.S. Open Golf Championship. The San Diego Yacht Club hosted the America's Cup yacht races three times during the period 1988 to 1995. The amateur beach sport Over-the-line was invented in San Diego, and the annual world Over-the-line championships are held at Mission Bay every year.

Q1: What tournament used to be known as the Buick Invitational?
A1: Farmers Insurance Open
Q2: How many times were the America's Cup yacht races hosted by the San Diego Yacht Club from 1988 to 1955?
A2: three times
Q3: What beach sport was inveted in San Diego?
A3: Over-the-line
Q4: What yacht-related event is held annually in Mission Bay?
A4: Over-the-line championships
Q5: What golf course hosts the Farmers Insurance Open?
A5: Torrey Pines Golf Course
Title: San_Diego
Topic: Geography and places

The San Diego Symphony at Symphony Towers performs on a regular basis and is directed by Jahja Ling. The San Diego Opera at Civic Center Plaza, directed by Ian Campbell, was ranked by Opera America as one of the top 10 opera companies in the United States. Old Globe Theatre at Balboa Park produces about 15 plays and musicals annually. The La Jolla Playhouse at UCSD is directed by Christopher Ashley. Both the Old Globe Theatre and the La Jolla Playhouse have produced the world premieres of plays and musicals that have gone on to win Tony Awards or nominations on Broadway. The Joan B. Kroc Theatre at Kroc Center's Performing Arts Center is a 600-seat state-of-the-art theatre that hosts music, dance, and theatre performances. The San Diego Repertory Theatre at the Lyceum Theatres in Horton Plaza produces a variety of plays and musicals. Hundreds of movies and a dozen TV shows have been filmed in San Diego, a tradition going back as far as 1898.

Q1: Who is the director of the San Diego Symphony? 
A1: Jahja Ling
Q2: Where can one enjoy a performance directed by Christopher Ashley?
A2: La Jolla Playhouse at UCSD
Q3: Which theater is known for hosting a variety of musicals and plays?
A3: San Diego Repertory Theatre at the Lyceum Theatres
Q4: How far back to San Diego's roots in the arts and theater sector go?
A4: 1898
Q5: What did Opera America call the San Diego Opera at the Civic Center Plaza?
A5: one of the top 10 opera companies in the United States
Title: Swaziland
Topic: Geography and places

The Sangoma is a traditional diviner chosen by the ancestors of that particular family. The training of the Sangoma is called "kwetfwasa". At the end of the training, a graduation ceremony takes place where all the local sangoma come together for feasting and dancing. The diviner is consulted for various reasons, such the cause of sickness or even death. His diagnosis is based on "kubhula", a process of communication, through trance, with the natural superpowers. The Inyanga (a medical and pharmaceutical specialist in western terms) possesses the bone throwing skill ("kushaya ematsambo") used to determine the cause of the sickness.

Q1: In Swaziland, what is kwetfwasa?
A1: training of the Sangoma
Q2: What is a Sangoma in Swaziland?
A2: a traditional diviner
Q3: Why might one want to discover when consulting a sangoma in Swaziland?
A3: the cause of sickness or even death
Q4: How does a sangoma in Swaziland communicate?
A4: kubhula
Q5: What is kushaya ematsambo used for?
A5: to determine the cause of the sickness
Title: Sanskrit
Topic: Language and literature

The Sanskrit grammatical tradition, Vyākaraṇa, one of the six Vedangas, began in the late Vedic period and culminated in the Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini, which consists of 3990 sutras (ca. fifth century BCE). About a century after Pāṇini (around 400 BCE), Kātyāyana composed Vārtikas on the Pāṇini sũtras. Patanjali, who lived three centuries after Pāṇini, wrote the Mahābhāṣya, the "Great Commentary" on the Aṣṭādhyāyī and Vārtikas. Because of these three ancient Vyākaraṇins (grammarians), this grammar is called Trimuni Vyākarana. To understand the meaning of the sutras, Jayaditya and Vāmana wrote a commentary, the Kāsikā, in 600 CE. Pāṇinian grammar is based on 14 Shiva sutras (aphorisms), where the whole mātrika (alphabet) is abbreviated. This abbreviation is called the Pratyāhara.

Q1: What is the Sanskrit grammatical tradition?
A1: Vyākaraṇa
Q2: In what period did Vyakarana begin?
A2: late Vedic
Q3: How many sutras are in the Astadhyayi?
A3: 3990 sutras
Q4: Who composed Vartikas on the Panini sutras?
A4: Kātyāyana
Q5: What is the abbreviated alphabet called? 
A5: Pratyāhara
Title: Santa_Monica,_California
Topic: Geography and places

The Santa Monica Freeway (Interstate 10) begins in Santa Monica near the Pacific Ocean and heads east. The Santa Monica Freeway between Santa Monica and downtown Los Angeles has the distinction of being one of the busiest highways in all of North America. After traversing Los Angeles County, I-10 crosses seven more states, terminating at Jacksonville, Florida. In Santa Monica, there is a road sign designating this route as the Christopher Columbus Transcontinental Highway. State Route 2 (Santa Monica Boulevard) begins in Santa Monica, barely grazing State Route 1 at Lincoln Boulevard, and continues northeast across Los Angeles County, through the Angeles National Forest, crossing the San Gabriel Mountains as the Angeles Crest Highway, ending in Wrightwood. Santa Monica is also the western (Pacific) terminus of historic U.S. Route 66. Close to the eastern boundary of Santa Monica, Sepulveda Boulevard reaches from Long Beach at the south, to the northern end of the San Fernando Valley. Just east of Santa Monica is Interstate 405, the "San Diego Freeway", a major north-south route in Los Angeles County and Orange County, California.

Q1: What is the name of the Santa Monica Freeway?
A1: Interstate 10
Q2: Where does the Santa Monica Freeway begin around?
A2: Pacific Ocean
Q3: How many more states aside from California does the interstate 10 run through?
A3: seven more
Q4: What city and state does the interstate 10 end at?
A4: Jacksonville, Florida
Q5: What road does state route 2 begin on?
A5: Santa Monica Boulevard
Title: Santa_Monica,_California
Topic: Geography and places

The Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome (carousel) is a National Historic Landmark. It sits on the Santa Monica Pier, which was built in 1909. The La Monica Ballroom on the pier was once the largest ballroom in the US and the source for many New Year's Eve national network broadcasts. The Santa Monica Civic Auditorium was an important music venue for several decades and hosted the Academy Awards in the 1960s. McCabe's Guitar Shop is still a leading acoustic performance space as well as retail outlet. Bergamot Station is a city-owned art gallery compound that includes the Santa Monica Museum of Art. The city is also home to the California Heritage Museum and the Angels Attic dollhouse and toy museum.

Q1: What year was the Sanat Monica Pier buildt?
A1: 1909
Q2: What historic landmark is located on the Pier?
A2: Looff Hippodrome
Q3: La Monica Ballroom used to be what type of ballroom in the United States?
A3: largest
Q4: Where were the Academy Awards held in the 1960's?
A4: Santa Monica Civic Auditorium
Q5: What place is still considered a prominent acoustic performance area?
A5: McCabe's Guitar Shop
Title: Dialect
Topic: Language and literature

The Sardinian language is considered to be its own Romance language family, separate not only from standard Italian but also the wider Italo-Dalmatian family, and it includes the Campidanese Sardinian and Logudorese Sardinian variants. However, Gallurese, Sassarese, and Corsican are also spoken in Sardinia, and these languages are considered closely related or derived from the Italian Tuscan language and thus are Italo-Dalmatian languages. Furthermore, the Gallo-Romance language of Ligurian and the Catalan Algherese dialect are also spoken in Sardinia.

Q1: Campidanese Sardinian is a variant of what language?
A1: The Sardinian language
Q2: What language is Sassarese closely related to?
A2: Italian Tuscan
Q3: What language family does Gallurese belong to?
A3: Italo-Dalmatian
Q4: What language family does Ligurian belong to?
A4: Gallo-Romance
Q5: Where is the Catalan Algherese dialect spoken?
A5: Sardinian
Title: The_Times
Topic: History

The Saturday edition of The Times contains a variety of supplements. These supplements were relaunched in January 2009 as: Sport, Weekend (including travel and lifestyle features), Saturday Review (arts, books, and ideas), The Times Magazine (columns on various topics), and Playlist (an entertainment listings guide).

Q1: What is the name of the section of the Saturday edition of The Times that features travel and lifestyle?
A1: Weekend
Q2: Arts, books, and ideas are featured in what section in the Saturday edition of The Times?
A2: Saturday Review
Q3: An entertainment listings guide in the Saturday edition of The Times is called what?
A3: Playlist
Title: Seven_Years%27_War
Topic: History

The Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered. Frederick occupied Dresden with little or no opposition from the Saxons. At the Battle of Lobositz on 1 October 1756, Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne. The Prussians then occupied Saxony; after the Siege of Pirna, the Saxon army surrendered in October 1756, and was forcibly incorporated into the Prussian army. The attack on neutral Saxony caused outrage across Europe and led to the strengthening of the anti-Prussian coalition. The only significant Austrian success was the partial occupation of Silesia. Far from being easy, Frederick's early successes proved indecisive and very costly for Prussia's smaller army. This led him to remark that he did not fight the same Austrians as he had during the previous war.

Q1: How much resistance did Frederick encounter in Saxon?
A1: Saxon and Austrian armies were unprepared, and their forces were scattered.
Q2: What reinforcements were the Saxons expecting?
A2: Frederick prevented the isolated Saxon army from being reinforced by an Austrian army under General Browne
Q3: What happened to the Saxon army?
A3: Saxon army surrendered in October 1756, and was forcibly incorporated into the Prussian army
Q4: What characteristic of Saxony caused Europe to be mad?
A4: attack on neutral Saxony caused outrage
Q5: What was the result of the fury of Europe?
A5: led to the strengthening of the anti-Prussian coalition
Title: Film_speed
Topic: Engineering and technology

The Scheinergrade (Sch.) system was devised by the German astronomer Julius Scheiner (1858–1913) in 1894 originally as a method of comparing the speeds of plates used for astronomical photography. Scheiner's system rated the speed of a plate by the least exposure to produce a visible darkening upon development. Speed was expressed in degrees Scheiner, originally ranging from 1° Sch. to 20° Sch., where an increment of 19° Sch. corresponded to a hundredfold increase in sensitivity, which meant that an increment of 3° Sch. came close to a doubling of sensitivity.

Q1: Who created the Scheinergrade system? 
A1: the German astronomer Julius Scheiner
Q2: What is the Scheinergrade system used for?
A2: comparing the speeds of plates used for astronomical photography
Q3: What do degrees Scheiner indicate?
A3: the speed of a plate
Q4: What is the range of Scheiner speeds?
A4: from 1° Sch. to 20° Sch
Q5: Approximately how many degrees indicate double the sensitivity? 
A5: an increment of 3° Sch
Title: Hanover
Topic: History

The Schnellweg (en: expressway) system, a number of Bundesstraße roads, forms a structure loosely resembling a large ring road together with A2 and A7. The roads are B 3, B 6 and B 65, called Westschnellweg (B6 on the northern part, B3 on the southern part), Messeschnellweg (B3, becomes A37 near Burgdorf, crosses A2, becomes B3 again, changes to B6 at Seelhorster Kreuz, then passes the Hanover fairground as B6 and becomes A37 again before merging into A7) and Südschnellweg (starts out as B65, becomes B3/B6/B65 upon crossing Westschnellweg, then becomes B65 again at Seelhorster Kreuz).

Q1: What is a Schnellweg?
A1: expressway
Q2: What structure does the Schnellweg and a number of roads roughly form?
A2: a large ring road
Q3: When does the Messeschnellweg change to the B6?
A3: Seelhorster Kreuz
Q4: What road does the Messeschnellweg pass the Hanover fairground as?
A4: B6
Q5: What road does the Südschnellweg start out as?
A5: B65
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame
Topic: Geography and places

The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize.

Q1: In 1899 Notre Dame formed which college?
A1: School of Architecture
Q2: In what building is the current School of Architecture housed at Notre Dame?
A2: Bond Hall
Q3: What length is the course of study at the Notre Dame School of Architecture?
A3: five-year
Q4: In which location do students of the School of Architecture of Notre Dame spend their 3rd year?
A4: Rome
Q5: Which prestigious prize does the School of Architecture at Notre Dame give out?
A5: Driehaus Architecture Prize
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Topic: Media and drama

The Science Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Spielberg in 2005, the first year it considered non-literary contributors. In November 2007, he was chosen for a Lifetime Achievement Award to be presented at the sixth annual Visual Effects Society Awards in February 2009. He was set to be honored with the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the January 2008 Golden Globes; however, the new, watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike, the HFPA postponed his honor to the 2009 ceremony. In 2008, Spielberg was awarded the Légion d'honneur.

Q1: When was Spielberg added to the Science Fiction Hall of Fame?
A1: 2005
Q2: When did the Visual Effects Society give Spielberg a Lifetime Achievement Award?
A2: February 2009
Q3: When did Spielberg win the Cecil B. DeMille Award?
A3: 2009
Q4: Why was Spielberg's Cecil B. DeMille Award postponed from 2008?
A4: watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike
Title: Oklahoma_City
Topic: Geography and places

The Science Museum Oklahoma (formerly Kirkpatrick Science and Air Space Museum at Omniplex) houses exhibits on science, aviation, and an IMAX theater. The museum formerly housed the International Photography Hall of Fame (IPHF) that exhibits photographs and artifacts from a large collection of cameras and other artifacts preserving the history of photography. IPHF honors those who have made significant contributions to the art and/or science of photography and relocated to St. Louis, Missouri in 2013.

Q1: What was the original name of the Science Museum of Oklahoma?
A1: Kirkpatrick Science and Air Space Museum at Omniplex
Q2: When was the International Photography Hall of Fame relocated?
A2: 2013
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Scientific Revolution was a period when European ideas in classical physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other classical sciences were rejected and led to doctrines supplanting those that had prevailed from Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages which would lead to a transition to modern science. This period saw a fundamental transformation in scientific ideas across physics, astronomy, and biology, in institutions supporting scientific investigation, and in the more widely held picture of the universe. Individuals started to question all manners of things and it was this questioning that led to the Scientific Revolution, which in turn formed the foundations of contemporary sciences and the establishment of several modern scientific fields.

Q1: What s the Scientific Revolution?
A1: a period when European ideas in classical physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other classical sciences were rejected
Q2: What did the Scientific Revolution cause?
A2: a transition to modern science
Q3: What did the Scientific Revolution force people to do?
A3: question all manners of things
Q4: What did Scientific Revolution form?
A4: several modern scientific fields.
Title: Neptune
Topic: Natural sciences

The Scooter is another storm, a white cloud group farther south than the Great Dark Spot. This nickname first arose during the months leading up to the Voyager 2 encounter in 1989, when they were observed moving at speeds faster than the Great Dark Spot (and images acquired later would subsequently reveal the presence of clouds moving even faster than those that had initially been detected by Voyager 2). The Small Dark Spot is a southern cyclonic storm, the second-most-intense storm observed during the 1989 encounter. It was initially completely dark, but as Voyager 2 approached the planet, a bright core developed and can be seen in most of the highest-resolution images.

Q1: What white cloud group on Neptune is farther south than the dark great spot?
A1: The Scooter
Q2: When was The Scooter on Neptune observed?
A2: 1989
Q3: What type of storm is The Scooter on Neptune? 
A3: southern cyclonic storm
Q4: What detected the storms on Neptune? 
A4: Voyager 2)
Q5: What is the second most intense storm on Neptune? 
A5: The Small Dark Spot
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Scottish Reformation of 1560 decisively shaped the Church of Scotland. The Reformation in Scotland culminated ecclesiastically in the establishment of a church along Reformed lines, and politically in the triumph of English influence over that of France. John Knox is regarded as the leader of the Scottish Reformation. The Scottish Reformation Parliament of 1560 repudiated the pope's authority by the Papal Jurisdiction Act 1560, forbade the celebration of the Mass and approved a Protestant Confession of Faith. It was made possible by a revolution against French hegemony under the regime of the regent Mary of Guise, who had governed Scotland in the name of her absent daughter.

Q1: When was the Scottish Reformation?
A1: 1560
Q2: The Scottish Reformation decreased what country's influence?
A2: France
Q3: Who was the leader of the Scottish Reformation?
A3: John Knox
Q4: Whose regime made possible the Scottish Reformation?
A4: Mary of Guise
Q5: When was the Papal Jurisdiction Act passed?
A5: 1560
Title: Empiricism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Scottish philosopher David Hume (1711–1776) responded to Berkeley's criticisms of Locke, as well as other differences between early modern philosophers, and moved empiricism to a new level of skepticism. Hume argued in keeping with the empiricist view that all knowledge derives from sense experience, but he accepted that this has implications not normally acceptable to philosophers. He wrote for example, "Locke divides all arguments into demonstrative and probable. On this view, we must say that it is only probable that all men must die or that the sun will rise to-morrow, because neither of these can be demonstrated. But to conform our language more to common use, we ought to divide arguments into demonstrations, proofs, and probabilities—by ‘proofs’ meaning arguments from experience that leave no room for doubt or opposition." And,

Q1: What did Hume bring to empiricism?
A1: a new level of skepticism
Q2: What was Hume's nationality?
A2: Scottish
Q3: What two types of arguments did Locke say there are?
A3: demonstrative and probable
Q4: When was Hume born?
A4: 1711
Q5: When did Hume die?
A5: 1776
Title: Eritrea
Topic: Natural sciences

The Scottish traveler James Bruce reported in 1770 that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia, noting that the two territories were frequently in conflict. The Bahre-Nagassi ("Kings of the Sea") alternately fought with or against the Abyssinians and the neighbouring Muslim Adal Sultanate depending on the geopolitical circumstances. Medri Bahri was thus part of the Christian resistance against Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi of Adal's forces, but later joined the Adalite states and the Ottoman Empire front against Abyssinia in 1572. That 16th century also marked the arrival of the Ottomans, who began making inroads in the Red Sea area.

Q1: Who was James Bruce?
A1: Scottish traveler
Q2: In 1770, who reported that Medri Bahri was a distinct political entity from Abyssinia?
A2: James Bruce
Q3: How is The Bahre-Nagassi translated?
A3: "Kings of the Sea"
Q4: What determined whether The Bahre-Nagassi fought with or against the Abyssinians?
A4: geopolitical circumstances
Q5: Which century marked the arrival of the Ottomans?
A5: 16th
Title: Seattle
Topic: History

The Seahawks' CenturyLink Field has hosted NFL playoff games in 2006, 2008, 2011, 2014 and 2015. The Seahawks have advanced to the Super Bowl three times: 2005, 2013 and 2014. They defeated the Denver Broncos 43-8 to win their first Super Bowl championship in Super Bowl XLVIII, but lost 24-28 against the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XLIX. Seattle Sounders FC has played in Major League Soccer since 2009, sharing CenturyLink Field with the Seahawks, as a continuation of earlier teams in the lower divisions of American soccer. The Sounders have not won the MLS Cup but have, however, won the MLS Supporters' Shield in 2014 and the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup on four occasions: 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2014.

Q1: How many times have the Seattle Seahawks played in the World Series?
A1: three
Q2: Who did the Seahawks beat to win the Super Bowl?
A2: Denver Broncos
Q3: What team defeated the Seattle Seahawks to win Super Bowl XLIX?
A3: New England Patriots
Q4: What is the Seattle soccer club named?
A4: Seattle Sounders FC
Q5: With what team do the Sounders share Century Link Field?
A5: Seahawks
Title: Israel
Topic: History

The Second Aliyah (1904–14), began after the Kishinev pogrom; some 40,000 Jews settled in Palestine, although nearly half of them left eventually. Both the first and second waves of migrants were mainly Orthodox Jews, although the Second Aliyah included socialist groups who established the kibbutz movement. During World War I, British Foreign Secretary Arthur Balfour sent the Balfour Declaration of 1917 to Baron Rothschild (Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild), a leader of the British Jewish community, that stated that Britain intended for the creation of a Jewish "national home" within the Palestinian Mandate.

Q1: When did the Second Aliyah begin?
A1: after the Kishinev pogrom
Q2: How many Jews settled into Palestine?
A2: 40,000
Q3: The first and second wave of migrants were mainly who?
A3: Orthodox Jews
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Second Great Awakening began around 1790. It gained momentum by 1800. After 1820, membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations, whose preachers led the movement. It was past its peak by the late 1840s. It has been described as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism, although why those forces became pressing enough at the time to spark revivals is not fully understood. It enrolled millions of new members in existing evangelical denominations and led to the formation of new denominations.

Q1: When did the Second Great Awakening start?
A1: around 1790
Q2: Which congregations joined the Second Great Awakening the most after 1820?
A2: Baptist and Methodist
Q3: When did the Second Great Awakening lose momentum?
A3: by the late 1840s
Q4: What did the Second Great Awakening create?
A4: the formation of new denominations
Q5: What was the Second Great Awakening a reaction against?
A5: skepticism, deism, and rationalism
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Second Sino-Japanese War had seen tensions rise between Imperial Japan and the United States; events such as the Panay incident and the Nanking Massacre turned American public opinion against Japan. With the occupation of French Indochina in the years of 1940–41, and with the continuing war in China, the United States placed embargoes on Japan of strategic materials such as scrap metal and oil, which were vitally needed for the war effort. The Japanese were faced with the option of either withdrawing from China and losing face or seizing and securing new sources of raw materials in the resource-rich, European-controlled colonies of South East Asia—specifically British Malaya and the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia). In 1940, Imperial Japan signed the Tripartite Pact with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.

Q1: What war saw tensions arise between between Imperial Japan and the United States?
A1: The Second Sino-Japanese War
Q2: What did the United States place on Japans war efforts?
A2: embargoes
Q3: What did the American Embargoes prevent Japan from aquiring?
A3: strategic materials such as scrap metal and oil
Q4: Who did Imperial Japan sign a Tripartite pact with? 
A4: Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.