LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact
Topic: History

At the same time, British, French, and Soviet negotiators scheduled three-party talks on military matters to occur in Moscow in August 1939, aiming to define what the agreement would specify should be the reaction of the three powers to a German attack. The tripartite military talks, started in mid-August, hit a sticking point regarding the passage of Soviet troops through Poland if Germans attacked, and the parties waited as British and French officials overseas pressured Polish officials to agree to such terms. Polish officials refused to allow Soviet troops into Polish territory if Germany attacked; as Polish foreign minister Józef Beck pointed out, they feared that once the Red Army entered their territories, it might never leave.

Q1: Why did Poland deny the proposal of the Soviet Union protecting them from a German Attack?
A1: once the Red Army entered their territories, it might never leave.
Q2: In what city did the tripartite military talks occur during the month of August?
A2: Moscow
Q3: Who did not want their country protected by the Soviet military?
A3: Poland
Title: Germans
Topic: Language and literature

At the same time, naval innovations led to a German domination of trade in the Baltic Sea and parts of Eastern Europe through the Hanseatic League. Along the trade routes, Hanseatic trade stations became centers of the German culture. German town law (Stadtrecht) was promoted by the presence of large, relatively wealthy German populations, their influence and political power. Thus people who would be considered "Germans", with a common culture, language, and worldview different from that of the surrounding rural peoples, colonized trading towns as far north of present-day Germany as Bergen (in Norway), Stockholm (in Sweden), and Vyborg (now in Russia). The Hanseatic League was not exclusively German in any ethnic sense: many towns who joined the league were outside the Holy Roman Empire and a number of them may only loosely be characterized as German. The Empire itself was not entirely German either. It had a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual structure, some of the smaller ethnicities and languages used at different times were Dutch, Italian, French, Czech and Polish.

Q1: German's domination of trade in the Eastern Europe was credited to what?
A1: naval innovations
Q2: Because of the increased trade what places became the hubs of German culture?
A2: Hanseatic trade stations
Q3: What was promoted due to wealth and power of the German families?
A3: Stadtrecht
Q4: the holy roman empire due to its many different conquests was seen as what type of society?
A4: multi-ethnic and multi-lingual
Q5: What helped the Germans dominate trade?
A5: naval innovations
Q6: What is the German work for German town law?
A6: Stadtrecht
Q7: Was the Hanseatic league exclusively German?
A7: The Hanseatic League was not exclusively German
Q8: What other ethnicities, besides German were part of The Empire?
A8: Dutch, Italian, French, Czech and Polish
Title: Alsace
Topic: History

At the same time, some Alsatians were in opposition to the Jacobins and sympathetic to the invading forces of Austria and Prussia who sought to crush the nascent revolutionary republic. Many of the residents of the Sundgau made "pilgrimages" to places like Mariastein Abbey, near Basel, in Switzerland, for baptisms and weddings. When the French Revolutionary Army of the Rhine was victorious, tens of thousands fled east before it. When they were later permitted to return (in some cases not until 1799), it was often to find that their lands and homes had been confiscated. These conditions led to emigration by hundreds of families to newly vacant lands in the Russian Empire in 1803–4 and again in 1808. A poignant retelling of this event based on what Goethe had personally witnessed can be found in his long poem Hermann and Dorothea.

Q1: Which two countries sought to crush the nascent republic?
A1: Austria and Prussia
Q2: What had happened to most of the people who fled Sungau during the war when they were allowed to return home?
A2: lands and homes had been confiscated
Q3: What was the name of the poem by Goethe?
A3: Hermann and Dorothea
Title: Political_party
Topic: Social sciences and society

At the same time, the political party reached its modern form, with a membership disciplined through the use of a party whip and the implementation of efficient structures of control. The Home Rule League Party, campaigning for Home Rule for Ireland in the British Parliament was fundamentally changed by the great Irish political leader Charles Stewart Parnell in the 1880s. In 1882, he changed his party's name to the Irish Parliamentary Party and created a well-organized grass roots structure, introducing membership to replace "ad hoc" informal groupings. He created a new selection procedure to ensure the professional selection of party candidates committed to taking their seats, and in 1884 he imposed a firm 'party pledge' which obliged MPs to vote as a bloc in parliament on all occasions. The creation of a strict party whip and a formal party structure was unique at the time. His party's efficient structure and control contrasted with the loose rules and flexible informality found in the main British parties; – they soon came to model themselves on the Parnellite model.

Q1: Who was the leader of the Irish political party in the 1880s?
A1: Charles Stewart Parnell
Q2: What did Charles Stewart Parnell change his parties name to in 1882?
A2: Irish Parliamentary Party
Q3: Did the Irish Parliamentary Party ever adopt the Parnellite model?
A3: they soon came to model themselves on the Parnellite model.
Title: Buddhism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

At the same time, these movements were influenced by, and in some respects continued, philosophical thought within the Vedic tradition as reflected e.g. in the Upanishads. These movements included, besides Buddhism, various skeptics (such as Sanjaya Belatthiputta), atomists (such as Pakudha Kaccayana), materialists (such as Ajita Kesakambali), antinomians (such as Purana Kassapa); the most important ones in the 5th century BCE were the Ajivikas, who emphasized the rule of fate, the Lokayata (materialists), the Ajnanas (agnostics) and the Jains, who stressed that the soul must be freed from matter. Many of these new movements shared the same conceptual vocabulary—atman ("Self"), buddha ("awakened one"), dhamma ("rule" or "law"), karma ("action"), nirvana ("extinguishing"), samsara ("eternal recurrence") and yoga ("spiritual practice").[note 24] The shramanas rejected the Veda, and the authority of the brahmans, who claimed they possessed revealed truths not knowable by any ordinary human means. Moreover, they declared that the entire Brahmanical system was fraudulent: a conspiracy of the brahmans to enrich themselves by charging exorbitant fees to perform bogus rites and give useless advice.

Q1: Movements were influenced by philosophical thought within the Vedic tradition such as what?
A1: in the Upanishads
Q2: The movement included atomists such as what?
A2: Pakudha Kaccayana
Q3: What is the term for agnostics?
A3: Ajnanas
Q4: What movement focused on the idea that the sould must be freed from matter?
A4: Jains
Title: John,_King_of_England
Topic: History

At the start of John's reign there was a sudden change in prices, as bad harvests and high demand for food resulted in much higher prices for grain and animals. This inflationary pressure was to continue for the rest of the 13th century and had long-term economic consequences for England. The resulting social pressures were complicated by bursts of deflation that resulted from John's military campaigns. It was usual at the time for the king to collect taxes in silver, which was then re-minted into new coins; these coins would then be put in barrels and sent to royal castles around the country, to be used to hire mercenaries or to meet other costs. At those times when John was preparing for campaigns in Normandy, for example, huge quantities of silver had to be withdrawn from the economy and stored for months, which unintentionally resulted in periods during which silver coins were simply hard to come by, commercial credit difficult to acquire and deflationary pressure placed on the economy. The result was political unrest across the country. John attempted to address some of the problems with the English currency in 1204 and 1205 by carrying out a radical overhaul of the coinage, improving its quality and consistency.

Q1: What happened at the start of John's reign?
A1: sudden change in prices
Q2: How long did the inflationary pressure continue?
A2: 13th century
Q3: When did John address problems with the English currency?
A3: 1204 and 1205
Q4: How did he address the problems with the English currency?
A4: carrying out a radical overhaul of the coinage
Title: Glacier
Topic: Natural sciences

At the start of a classic valley glacier is a bowl-shaped cirque, which has escarped walls on three sides but is open on the side that descends into the valley. Cirques are where ice begins to accumulate in a glacier. Two glacial cirques may form back to back and erode their backwalls until only a narrow ridge, called an arête is left. This structure may result in a mountain pass. If multiple cirques encircle a single mountain, they create pointed pyramidal peaks; particularly steep examples are called horns.

Q1: On which side is a cirque opened?
A1: the side that descends into the valley
Q2: Where does ice start accululating in a glacier?
A2: Cirques
Q3: What is a narrow ridge formed by two cirques eroding back to back called?
A3: arête
Q4: What are extremely steep cirques called?
A4: horns
Q5: How many sides are closed in a typical cirque?
A5: three sides
Title: Queen_Victoria
Topic: History

At the start of her reign Victoria was popular, but her reputation suffered in an 1839 court intrigue when one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings, developed an abdominal growth that was widely rumoured to be an out-of-wedlock pregnancy by Sir John Conroy. Victoria believed the rumours. She hated Conroy, and despised "that odious Lady Flora", because she had conspired with Conroy and the Duchess of Kent in the Kensington System. At first, Lady Flora refused to submit to a naked medical examination, until in mid-February she eventually agreed, and was found to be a virgin. Conroy, the Hastings family and the opposition Tories organised a press campaign implicating the Queen in the spreading of false rumours about Lady Flora. When Lady Flora died in July, the post-mortem revealed a large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen. At public appearances, Victoria was hissed and jeered as "Mrs. Melbourne".

Q1: What year did Victorias reputation begin to suffer?
A1: 1839
Q2: What was the job of lady Flora Hastings in Victorias household?
A2: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting
Q3: What health issue did Flora hastings develope that began to ruin Victorias reputation?
A3: an abdominal growth
Q4: What was Flora hastings abdominal growth rumored to be?
A4: an out-of-wedlock pregnancy
Q5: Who was rumored to be the father of Flora Hastings "pregnancy"?
A5: Sir John Conroy
Q6: What lady in waiting was at the heart of a 1839 court scandal?
A6: Lady Flora Hastings
Q7: What was the cause of Lady Flora's death in July? 
A7: large tumour on her liver
Q8: With whom did Lady Flora consipire against Queen Victoria? 
A8: Conroy and the Duchess of Kent
Q9: What was Queen Victoria called after Lady Flora's death due?
A9: Mrs. Melbourne
Q10: Who, in Victoria's court, was accused of having a pregnancy outside of mariage?
A10: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings
Q11: Who was believed to be the father of Lady Flor's "baby"?
A11: Sir John Conroy
Q12: What did Victoria think of Lady Flora?
A12: despised
Q13: Why did Victoria hate Sir Conroy and Lady Flora?
A13: the Kensington System
Q14: What was actually the cause of Lady Flora's "pregnancy"?
A14: large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen
Title: Melbourne
Topic: Geography and places

At the time of Australia's federation on 1 January 1901, Melbourne became the seat of government of the federation. The first federal parliament was convened on 9 May 1901 in the Royal Exhibition Building, subsequently moving to the Victorian Parliament House where it was located until 1927, when it was moved to Canberra. The Governor-General of Australia resided at Government House in Melbourne until 1930 and many major national institutions remained in Melbourne well into the twentieth century.

Q1: On what date was the first federal parliament convened?
A1: 9 May 1901
Q2: Where was the first federal parliament convened in 1901?
A2: Royal Exhibition Building
Q3: The Governor-General of Australia resided at the Government House in Melbourne until what year?
A3: 1930
Q4: Where was the federal parliament moved after 1927?
A4: Canberra
Title: The_Times
Topic: History

At the time of Harold Evans' appointment as editor in 1981, The Times had an average daily sale of 282,000 copies in comparison to the 1.4 million daily sales of its traditional rival The Daily Telegraph. By November 2005 The Times sold an average of 691,283 copies per day, the second-highest of any British "quality" newspaper (after The Daily Telegraph, which had a circulation of 903,405 copies in the period), and the highest in terms of full-rate sales. By March 2014, average daily circulation of The Times had fallen to 394,448 copies, compared to The Daily Telegraph's 523,048, with the two retaining respectively the second-highest and highest circulations among British "quality" newspapers. In contrast The Sun, the highest-selling "tabloid" daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, sold an average of 2,069,809 copies in March 2014, and the Daily Mail, the highest-selling "middle market" British daily newspaper, sold an average of 1,708,006 copies in the period.

Q1: What year was Harold Evans appointed to editor of The Times?
A1: 1981
Q2: The Times has a traditional rival with what other major British newspaper?
A2: The Daily Telegraph
Q3: What is the name of the highest-selling tabloid daily newspaper in the United Kingdom?
A3: The Sun
Q4: What is the name of the highest-selling middle market British daily newspaper?
A4: Daily Mail
Title: Queen_Victoria
Topic: History

At the time of her accession, the government was led by the Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne, who at once became a powerful influence on the politically inexperienced Queen, who relied on him for advice. Charles Greville supposed that the widowed and childless Melbourne was "passionately fond of her as he might be of his daughter if he had one", and Victoria probably saw him as a father figure. Her coronation took place on 28 June 1838 at Westminster Abbey. Over 400,000 visitors came to London for the celebrations. She became the first sovereign to take up residence at Buckingham Palace and inherited the revenues of the duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall as well as being granted a civil list allowance of £385,000 per year. Financially prudent, she paid off her father's debts.

Q1: Who was in charge of the Governemnt at the time of Victorias ascession?
A1: Lord Melbourne
Q2: What was the name of the Whig Prime minister at the time of Victorias ascession?
A2: Lord Melbourne
Q3: When was Queen Victorias coronation held?
A3: 28 June 1838
Q4: Where was Victorias coronation held?
A4: Westminster Abbey
Q5: How many visitors came to London for Victorias coronation?
A5: Over 400,000
Q6: What Whig was prime minister during Victoria's accession? 
A6: Lord Melbourne
Q7: Who thought that Melbourne saw Victoria as if she was his daughter? 
A7: Charles Greville
Q8: When did Victoria's coronation take place at Westminster Abbey?
A8: 28 June 1838
Q9: How many people visited London for the Coronation of Queen Victoria? 
A9: 400,000
Q10: What was Victoria's allowance upon becoming Queen? 
A10: £385,000 per year
Q11: Who was leading the government at the time of Victoria's accension?
A11: Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne
Q12: What kind of influence was Melbourne to Victoria?
A12: powerful
Q13: When was Victoria's coronation?
A13: 28 June 1838
Q14: What major accomplishment did Victoria achieve with her civil list allowance?
A14: she paid off her father's debts
Q15: Where did Queen Victoria reside?
A15: Buckingham Palace
Title: Turner_Classic_Movies
Topic: History

At the time of its launch, TCM was available to approximately one million cable television subscribers. The network originally served as a competitor to AMC – which at the time was known as "American Movie Classics" and maintained a virtually identical format to TCM, as both networks largely focused on films released prior to 1970 and aired them in an uncut, uncolorized, and commercial-free format. AMC had broadened its film content to feature colorized and more recent films by 2002 and abandoned its commercial-free format, leaving TCM as the only movie-oriented cable channel to devote its programming entirely to classic films without commercial interruption.

Q1: How many subscribers had access to TCM upon it launch?
A1: one million
Q2: When TCM premiered, what was AMC called?
A2: American Movie Classics
Q3: What sorts of films did American Movie Classics primarily show?
A3: released prior to 1970
Q4: By what year was AMC showing commercials?
A4: 2002
Title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess
Topic: Video games

At the time of its release, Twilight Princess was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series by many critics, including writers for 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, GamesRadar, IGN, and The Washington Post. It received several Game of the Year awards, and was the most critically acclaimed game of 2006. In 2011, the Wii version was rereleased under the Nintendo Selects label. A high-definition port for the Wii U, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD, will be released in March 2016.

Q1: What accolade did Twilight Princess receive after its release?
A1: Game of the Year
Q2: Under which brand was Twilight Princess for the Nintendo Wii published?
A2: Nintendo Selects
Q3: When is the HD version of Twilight Princess slated for launch?
A3: March 2016
Q4: At the time of release which episode of the Legend of Zelda series was considered the greatest entry?
A4: Twilight Princess
Q5: How many Game of the Year awards did Twilight Princess receive?
A5: several
Q6: What year was Twilight Princess the most critically acclaimed game?
A6: 2006
Q7: What year will the game release a high-definition port for the Wii U console?
A7: 2016
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

At the time of the Berlin Conference, Africa contained one-fifth of the world’s population living in one-quarter of the world’s land area. However, from Europe's perspective, they were dividing an unknown continent. European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession. Until the 1880s most of Africa remained unchartered, with western maps from the period generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior.

Q1: What percent of the worlds population did Africa posses at the Berlin Conference?
A1: one-fifth
Q2: What was Europe's perspective o Africa containing one-fifth of the worlds population?
A2: they were dividing an unknown continent.
Q3: When did European countries establish colonies in Africa?
A3: the mid-nineteenth century,
Q4: Europe did not feel the need to posses territory in Africa until?
A4: 1880s
Q5: How did maps show Africa Before 1880?
A5: generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior.
Title: British_Isles
Topic: Geography and places

At the time of the Roman Empire, about two thousand years ago, various tribes, which spoke Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group, were inhabiting the islands. The Romans expanded their civilisation to control southern Great Britain but were impeded in advancing any further, building Hadrian's Wall to mark the northern frontier of their empire in 122 AD. At that time, Ireland was populated by a people known as Hiberni, the northern third or so of Great Britain by a people known as Picts and the southern two thirds by Britons.

Q1: The people that lived in the British Isles during the Roman Empire era spoke which language?
A1: Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group
Q2: What was the name of the wall that the Romans built to mark their northern territory in the British Isles in 122AD?
A2: Hadrian's Wall
Q3: During the Roman Empire occupation in the British Isles, what was the name of the people that lived in Ireland?
A3: Hiberni
Q4: The northern area of Great Britain was populated by what native people during the Roman Empire occupation?
A4: Picts
Q5: What was the name of the native people that lived in the southern parts of the British Isles during the Roman Empire occupation?
A5: Britons
Title: Egypt
Topic: Geography and places

At the time of the fall of the Egyptian monarchy in the early 1950s, less than half a million Egyptians were considered upper class and rich, four million middle class and 17 million lower class and poor. Fewer than half of all primary-school-age children attended school, most of them being boys. Nasser's policies changed this. Land reform and distribution, the dramatic growth in university education, and government support to national industries greatly improved social mobility and flattened the social curve. From academic year 1953-54 through 1965-66, overall public school enrolments more than doubled. Millions of previously poor Egyptians, through education and jobs in the public sector, joined the middle class. Doctors, engineers, teachers, lawyers, journalists, constituted the bulk of the swelling middle class in Egypt under Nasser. During the 1960s, the Egyptian economy went from sluggish to the verge of collapse, the society became less free, and Nasser's appeal waned considerably.

Q1: How many rich, upper class were in Egypt in 1950s?
A1: less than half a million
Q2: How many middle class were in Egypt in 1950s
A2: four million
Q3: How many lower class were in Egypt in 1950s
A3: 17 million
Q4: What professions made up the buld on middle class under Nasser?
A4: Doctors, engineers, teachers, lawyers, journalists
Q5: What direction did the Egypt economy take in the 1960s?
A5: went from sluggish to the verge of collapse
Title: Nutrition
Topic: Agriculture, food, and drink

At the time of this entry, we were not able to identify any specific nutrition literacy studies in the U.S. at a national level. However, the findings of the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) provide a basis upon which to frame the nutrition literacy problem in the U.S. NAAL introduced the first ever measure of "the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions" – an objective of Healthy People 2010 and of which nutrition literacy might be considered an important subset. On a scale of below basic, basic, intermediate and proficient, NAAL found 13 percent of adult Americans have proficient health literacy, 44% have intermediate literacy, 29 percent have basic literacy and 14 percent have below basic health literacy. The study found that health literacy increases with education and people living below the level of poverty have lower health literacy than those above it.

Q1: In which country were there no specific nutritional literacy studies on a national level that could be found?
A1: U.S.
Q2: What does the abbreviation NAAL represent?
A2: National Assessment of Adult Literacy
Q3: How many Americans were found to have intermediate health literacy?
A3: 44%
Q4: What percentage of Americans fell below the basics of health literacy?
A4: 14
Q5: People who had a lower health literacy rate were found to be living below what standard?
A5: level of poverty
Title: YouTube
Topic: Engineering and technology

At the time of uploading a video, YouTube users are shown a message asking them not to violate copyright laws. Despite this advice, there are still many unauthorized clips of copyrighted material on YouTube. YouTube does not view videos before they are posted online, and it is left to copyright holders to issue a DMCA takedown notice pursuant to the terms of the Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act. Three successful complaints for copyright infringement against a user account will result in the account and all of its uploaded videos being deleted.

Q1: What does the message when uploading a video ask the user not to do?
A1: violate copyright laws
Q2: Posting a video without consent of the copyright holder is what according to youtube?
A2: unauthorized
Q3: How many copyright infringements must an account have before the account is deleted?
A3: Three
Q4: Youtube doesn't do what to videos before they're posted?
A4: view
Q5: What kind of notice must a copyright holder issue when trying to take down content?
A5: DMCA
Title: Alfred_North_Whitehead
Topic: Philosophy and religion

At the time structures such as Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions drew attention to the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class. In a review Alexander Macfarlane wrote: "The main idea of the work is not unification of the several methods, nor generalization of ordinary algebra so as to include them, but rather the comparative study of their several structures." In a separate review, G. B. Mathews wrote, "It possesses a unity of design which is really remarkable, considering the variety of its themes."

Q1: Lie algebras and hypobolic quanternions drew attention to the need for what?
A1: expand algebraic structures
Q2: What did reviewer GB Mathews say algebraic structures possessed? 
A2: unity of design
Q3: Reviewer Alexander Macfarlane believed that the main idea of the work is a comparative study of what?
A3: several structures
Q4: What did Lie algebras and hyperbolic quaternions demonstrate a need for?
A4: the need to expand algebraic structures beyond the associatively multiplicative class
Q5: How did Alexander Macfarlane summarize the relationship between different methods in "A Treatise on Algebra" in his review?
A5: comparative study of their several structures
Q6: What was G.B. Matthew's opinion of "A Treatise on Algebra"?
A6: "It possesses a unity of design which is really remarkable, considering the variety of its themes."
Title: IPod
Topic: Engineering and technology

At the time the store was introduced, purchased audio files used the AAC format with added encryption, based on the FairPlay DRM system. Up to five authorized computers and an unlimited number of iPods could play the files. Burning the files with iTunes as an audio CD, then re-importing would create music files without the DRM. The DRM could also be removed using third-party software. However, in a deal with Apple, EMI began selling DRM-free, higher-quality songs on the iTunes Stores, in a category called "iTunes Plus." While individual songs were made available at a cost of US$1.29, 30¢ more than the cost of a regular DRM song, entire albums were available for the same price, US$9.99, as DRM encoded albums. On October 17, 2007, Apple lowered the cost of individual iTunes Plus songs to US$0.99 per song, the same as DRM encoded tracks. On January 6, 2009, Apple announced that DRM has been removed from 80% of the music catalog, and that it would be removed from all music by April 2009.

Q1: When the iTunes store was launched, what type of file format was used?
A1: AAC
Q2: How many computers were allowed to play files that used the FairPlay DRM system?
A2: five
Q3: In what category could files without digital rights management be found on the iTunes store?
A3: iTunes Plus
Q4: When did Apple reveal that most of the iTunes selection was free from DRM?
A4: January 6, 2009
Q5: By what time did Apple project its entire catalog would be free of DRM?
A5: April 2009
Q6: What was the original format for purchased audio files on iTunes?
A6: AAC
Q7: What was the name of the DRM system originally used by Apple and iTunes?
A7: FairPlay
Q8: What was the name of the premium service that offered higher quality and DRM-free songs?
A8: iTunes Plus
Q9: In what year was DRM completely eliminated from the iTunes offerings?
A9: 2009
Title: Umayyad_Caliphate
Topic: History

At the time, the Umayyad taxation and administrative practice were perceived as unjust by some Muslims. The Christian and Jewish population had still autonomy; their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees, although they did pay a poll tax for policing to the central state. Muhammad had stated explicitly during his lifetime that abrahamic religious groups (still a majority in times of the Umayyad Caliphate), should be allowed to practice their own religion, provided that they paid the jizya taxation. The welfare state of both the Muslim and the non-Muslim poor started by Umar ibn al Khattab had also continued. Muawiya's wife Maysum (Yazid's mother) was also a Christian. The relations between the Muslims and the Christians in the state were stable in this time. The Umayyads were involved in frequent battles with the Christian Byzantines without being concerned with protecting themselves in Syria, which had remained largely Christian like many other parts of the empire. Prominent positions were held by Christians, some of whom belonged to families that had served in Byzantine governments. The employment of Christians was part of a broader policy of religious assimilation that was necessitated by the presence of large Christian populations in the conquered provinces, as in Syria. This policy also boosted Muawiya's popularity and solidified Syria as his power base.

Q1: What form of tax were Christians required to pay?
A1: jizya
Q2: Who was the mother of Yazid?
A2: Maysum
Q3: What was Maysum's religion?
A3: Christian
Title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome
Topic: History

At the time, there were many varying opinions about Christian doctrine, and no centralized way of enforcing orthodoxy. Constantine called all the Christian bishops throughout the Roman Empire to a meeting, and some 318 bishops (very few from the Western Empire) attended the First Council of Nicaea. The purpose of this meeting was to define Christian orthodoxy and clearly differentiate it from Christian heresies. The meeting reached consensus on the Nicene Creed and other statements. Later, Philostorgius criticized Christians who offered sacrifice at statues of the divus Constantine. Constantine nevertheless took great pains to assuage traditionalist and Christian anxieties.

Q1: What group did Constantine call to a meeting?
A1: First Council of Nicaea
Q2: How many bishops attended the First Council?
A2: 318
Q3: From where were the bishops in attendance at the Council few in number?
A3: Western Empire
Q4: What was the Council of Nicaea meant to define?
A4: Christian orthodoxy
Q5: What agreement was reached a the Council of Nicaea ?
A5: Nicene Creed
Title: Post-punk
Topic: Music

At the turn of the 21st century, a post-punk revival developed in British and American alternative and indie rock, which soon started appearing in other countries, as well. The earliest sign of a revival was the emergence of various underground bands in the mid-'90s. However, the first commercially successful bands – the Strokes, Franz Ferdinand, Interpol, Neils Children and Editors – surfaced in the late 1990s to early 2000s, as did several dance-oriented bands such as the Rapture, Radio 4 and LCD Soundsystem. Additionally, some darker post-punk bands began to appear in the indie music scene in the 2010s, including Cold Cave, She Wants Revenge, Eagulls, the Soft Moon, She Past Away and Light Asylum, who were also affiliated with the darkwave revival, as well as A Place to Bury Strangers, who combined early post-punk and shoegaze. These bands tend to draw a fanbase who are a combination of the indie music subculture, older post-punk fans and the current goth subculture. In the 2010s, Savages played a music reminiscent of early British post-punk bands of the late '70s.

Q1: When did a post-punk revival start happening in England and the Colonies?
A1: turn of the 21st century
Q2: What early sign heralded the post-punk revival?
A2: emergence of various underground bands
Q3: When did some of the darker post-punk bands start to appear in the indie scene?
A3: the 2010s
Q4: The post-punk revival bands bring in a fanbase from what subculture?
A4: indie music
Q5: What band played music similar to that of the early British post-punk bands of the late '70s as recently as 2010?
A5: Savages
Q6: When was the post-punk revival in British and American cultures?
A6: turn of the 21st century
Q7: What was the earliest sign of the post-punk revival?
A7: emergence of various underground bands in the mid-'90s
Q8: Who were the most commercially successful bands of the post-punk revival?
A8: the Strokes, Franz Ferdinand, Interpol, Neils Children and Editors
Q9: When did the commercially successful post-punk bands begin to hit the scene?
A9: late 1990s to early 2000s
Q10: Which dark post-punk bands began to emmerge in the indie scene?
A10: Cold Cave, She Wants Revenge, Eagulls, the Soft Moon, She Past Away and Light Asylum
Title: Mandolin
Topic: Music

At the very end of the 19th century, a new style, with a carved top and back construction inspired by violin family instruments began to supplant the European-style bowl-back instruments in the United States. This new style is credited to mandolins designed and built by Orville Gibson, a Kalamazoo, Michigan luthier who founded the "Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Manufacturing Co., Limited" in 1902. Gibson mandolins evolved into two basic styles: the Florentine or F-style, which has a decorative scroll near the neck, two points on the lower body and usually a scroll carved into the headstock; and the A-style, which is pear shaped, has no points and usually has a simpler headstock.

Q1: When was a new sytle of carved top and back construction mandolins created?
A1: end of the 19th century
Q2: What was the new sytle of mandolins inspired from?
A2: violin family instruments
Q3: What sytle did the new style of mandolins supplant?
A3: European-style bowl-back
Q4: Who founded the Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Manufacturing Co, Limited? 
A4: Orville Gibson
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

At these higher altitudes, the plants tend to form isolated cushions. In the Alps, several species of flowering plants have been recorded above 4,000 m (13,120 ft), including Ranunculus glacialis, Androsace alpina and Saxifraga biflora. The Eritrichium nanum, commonly known as the King of the Alps, is the most elusive of the alpine flowers, growing on rocky ridges at 2,600 to 3,750 m (8,530 to 12,303 ft). Perhaps the best known of the alpine plants is the Edelweiss which grows in rocky areas and can be found at altitudes as low as 1,400 m (4,593 ft) and as high as 3,400 m (11,155 ft). The plants that grow at the highest altitudes have adapted to conditions by specialization such as growing in rock screes that give protection from winds.

Q1: What do the plants tend to form at higher altitudes? 
A1: isolated cushions
Q2: Ranunculus glacialis have been recorded to have been found how far in the alps?
A2: above 4,000 m
Q3: What is Eritrichium nanum commonly known as?
A3: the King of the Alps
Q4: What is the best known of the alpine plants?
A4: Edelweiss
Title: Edmund_Burke
Topic: History

At this point, Fox whispered that there was "no loss of friendship". "I regret to say there is", Burke replied, "I have indeed made a great sacrifice; I have done my duty though I have lost my friend. There is something in the detested French constitution that envenoms every thing it touches". This provoked a reply from Fox, yet he was unable to give his speech for some time since he was overcome with tears and emotion, he appealed to Burke to remember their inalienable friendship, but also repeated his criticisms of Burke and uttered "unusually bitter sarcasms". This only aggravated the rupture between the two men. Burke demonstrated his separation from the party on 5 June 1791 by writing to Fitzwilliam, declining money from him.

Q1: When did Burke leave the Whig party?
A1: 5 June 1791
Q2: Who did Burke turn down money from?
A2: Fitzwilliam
Q3: What did Burke say 'envenoms everything it touches'?
A3: French constitution
Q4: Who thought that Fox and Burke could still be friends?
A4: Fox
Q5: Who thought that Fox and Burke's friendship was lost?
A5: Burke
Title: East_India_Company
Topic: History

At this time, Britain and France became bitter rivals. Frequent skirmishes between them took place for control of colonial possessions. In 1742, fearing the monetary consequences of a war, the British government agreed to extend the deadline for the licensed exclusive trade by the company in India until 1783, in return for a further loan of £1 million. Between 1756 and 1763, the Seven Years' War diverted the state's attention towards consolidation and defence of its territorial possessions in Europe and its colonies in North America.

Q1: The British Government agrree to extend the licensed for the company in India until 1793 for how much money
A1: £1 million
Q2: What was the big fear that brought the British government to extend the deadline for the trade license for the company?
A2: monetary consequences of a war
Q3: What was the name of the  war that lasted from 1756 to 1763?
A3: Seven Years' War
Q4: The seven years' war  changed the British state focus from trade to protecting  europe and defending  which colonies?
A4: colonies in North America
Q5: in what year did the Seven years' war
A5: 1763
Title: Universal_Studios
Topic: Media and drama

At this time, Hal B. Wallis, who had latterly worked as a major producer at Paramount, moved over to Universal, where he produced several films, among them a lavish version of Maxwell Anderson's Anne of the Thousand Days (1969), and the equally lavish Mary, Queen of Scots (1971). Though neither could claim to be a big financial hit, both films received Academy Award nominations, and Anne was nominated for Best Picture, Best Actor (Richard Burton), Best Actress (Geneviève Bujold), and Best Supporting Actor (Anthony Quayle). Wallis retired from Universal after making the film Rooster Cogburn (1975), a sequel to True Grit (1969), which Wallis had produced at Paramount. Rooster Cogburn co-starred John Wayne, reprising his Oscar-winning role from the earlier film, and Katharine Hepburn, their only film together. The film was only a moderate success.

Q1: Who produced Anne of the Thousand Days?
A1: Hal B. Wallis
Q2: Who wrote the original work that the film version of Anne of the Thousand Days was based on?
A2: Maxwell Anderson
Q3: In what year was the film version of Mary, Queen of Scots made?
A3: 1971
Q4: Whose performance in Anne of the Thousand Days garnered a Best Actor nod?
A4: Richard Burton
Q5: What was the name of the sequel to True Grit produced by Universal?
A5: Rooster Cogburn
Title: Professional_wrestling
Topic: Sports and recreation

At times a character may "turn", altering their face/heel alignment. This may be an abrupt, surprising event, or it may slowly build up over time. It almost always is accomplished with a markable change in behavior on the part of the character. Some turns become defining points in a wrestler's career, as was the case when Hulk Hogan turned heel after being a top face for over a decade. Others may have no noticeable effect on the character's status. If a character repeatedly switches between being a face and heel, this lessens the effect of such turns, and may result in apathy from the audience. Vince McMahon is a good example of having more heel and face turns than anyone in WWE history.

Q1: What might a character do with their persona?
A1: turn
Q2: What did Hulk Hogan become? 
A2: heel
Q3: Who has the most turns in the WWE?
A3: Vince McMahon
Title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
Topic: History

At times when a death sentence is affirmed on direct review, it is considered final. Yet, supplemental methods to attack the judgment, though less familiar than a typical appeal, do remain. These supplemental remedies are considered collateral review, that is, an avenue for upsetting judgments that have become otherwise final. Where the prisoner received his death sentence in a state-level trial, as is usually the case, the first step in collateral review is state collateral review. (If the case is a federal death penalty case, it proceeds immediately from direct review to federal habeas corpus.) Although all states have some type of collateral review, the process varies widely from state to state. Generally, the purpose of these collateral proceedings is to permit the prisoner to challenge his sentence on grounds that could not have been raised reasonably at trial or on direct review. Most often these are claims, such as ineffective assistance of counsel, which requires the court to consider new evidence outside the original trial record, something courts may not do in an ordinary appeal. State collateral review, though an important step in that it helps define the scope of subsequent review through federal habeas corpus, is rarely successful in and of itself. Only around 6 percent of death sentences are overturned on state collateral review. In 2010, the death sentences of 53 inmates were overturned as a result of legal appeals or high court reversals.

Q1: When a prisoner is given a death sentence in a state, what is the first step of collateral review?
A1: state collateral review
Q2: About what percentage of capital convictions are overturned due to state collateral review?
A2: 6
Q3: In 2010, how many death sentences were overturned due to reversals from courts or appeals?
A3: 53
Q4: What is an example of an issue that is raised in collateral review?
A4: ineffective assistance of counsel
Title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)
Topic: History

At various times, there have been cardinals who had only received first tonsure and minor orders but not yet been ordained as deacons or priests. Though clerics, they were inaccurately called "lay cardinals" and were permitted to marry. Teodolfo Mertel was among the last of the lay cardinals. When he died in 1899 he was the last surviving cardinal who was not at least ordained a priest. With the revision of the Code of Canon Law promulgated in 1917 by Pope Benedict XV, only those who are already priests or bishops may be appointed cardinals. Since the time of Pope John XXIII a priest who is appointed a cardinal must be consecrated a bishop, unless he obtains a dispensation.

Q1: What was a "lay cardinal" allowed to do that is not considered a normal status of a Cardinal?
A1: marry
Q2: In what year did Pope Benedict XV revise the Code of Canon Law?
A2: 1917
Q3: What did the Code of Canon Law state in regards to Cardinals?
A3: only those who are already priests or bishops may be appointed cardinals
Title: Space_Race
Topic: History

At war's end, American, British, and Soviet scientific intelligence teams competed to capture Germany's rocket engineers along with the German rockets themselves and the designs on which they were based. Each of the Allies captured a share of the available members of the German rocket team, but the United States benefited the most with Operation Paperclip, recruiting von Braun and most of his engineering team, who later helped develop the American missile and space exploration programs. The United States also acquired a large number of complete V2 rockets.

Q1: What military operation allowed the US to recruit the German engineer, Von Braun?
A1: Operation Paperclip
Q2: The US had captured what type of missiles during Operation Paperclip?
A2: V2 rockets
Title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System
Topic: Video games

Atari Games created a line of NES products under the name Tengen and took a different approach. The company attempted to reverse engineer the lockout chip to develop its own "Rabbit" chip. However, Tengen also obtained a description of the lockout chip from the United States Patent and Trademark Office by falsely claiming that it was required to defend against present infringement claims in a legal case. Nintendo sued Tengen for copyright infringement, which Tengen lost as it could not prove that the legally obtained patent documents had not been used by the reverse engineering team. Tengen's antitrust claims against Nintendo were never finally decided.

Q1: Atari created NES products under which name?
A1: Tengen
Q2: What did Nintendo sue Tengen for?
A2: copyright infringement
Q3: Tengen reverse engineered the lockout chip to develop what animal monikered prototype?
A3: "Rabbit" chip
Q4: Tengen got a description of Nintendo's chip from whom?
A4: United States Patent and Trademark Office
Title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Athanasius also wrote a two-part Against the Heathen and The Incarnation of the Word of God. Completed probably early in his life, before the Arian controversy, they constitute the first classic work of developed Orthodox theology. In the first part, Athanasius attacks several pagan practices and beliefs. The second part presents teachings on the redemption. Also in these books, Athanasius put forward the belief that the Son of God, the eternal Word through whom God created the world, entered that world in human form to lead men back into the harmony from which they had earlier fallen away.

Q1: When did he write his first works on Orthodox Christianity?
A1: before the Arian controversy
Q2: Which of the two first works addresses pagan practices?
A2: Against the Heathen
Q3: How did he believe Jesus came into the world?
A3: in human form
Q4: Which of his works addresses redemption and the Son of God?
A4: Incarnation of the Word of God
Title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Athanasius is the first person to identify the same 27 books of the New Testament that are in use today. Up until then, various similar lists of works to be read in churches were in use. Athanasius compiled the list to resolve questions about such texts as The Epistle of Barnabas. Athanasius includes the Book of Baruch and the Letter of Jeremiah and places the Book of Esther among the "7 books not in the canon but to be read" along with the Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Judith, Tobit, the Didache, and the Shepherd of Hermas.

Q1: Who standardized the books of the New Testament?
A1: Athanasius
Q2: What books were used before his decision to standardize?
A2: various
Q3: How many books are listed that should be included but were not?
A3: 7 books
Q4: How many books are in the New Testament?
A4: 27 books
Q5: Have those books changed over time?
A5: in use today
Title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Athanasius knew Greek and admitted not knowing Hebrew [see, e.g., the 39th Festal Letter of St. Athan.]. The Old Testament passages he quotes frequently come from the Septuagint Greek translation. Only rarely did he use other Greek versions (to Aquila once in the Ecthesis, to other versions once or twice on the Psalms), and his knowledge of the Old Testament was limited to the Septuagint. Nonetheless, during his later exile, with no access to a copy of the Scriptures, Athanasius could quote from memory every verse in the Old Testament with a supposed reference to the Trinity without missing any.[citation needed] The combination of Scriptural study and of Greek learning was characteristic of the famous Alexandrian School.

Q1: Did Athanasius speak Greek?
A1: knew Greek
Q2: Did he understand Hebrew?
A2: not knowing Hebrew
Q3: Did he know all of the Old Testament?
A3: limited to the Septuagint
Q4: What did students learn in the school in Alexandria?
A4: Scriptural study and of Greek
Q5: What translation of the Old Testament did he study?
A5: Septuagint Greek