LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan
Topic: Geography and places

90th Street is split into two segments. The first segment, West 90th Street begins at Riverside Drive and ends at Central Park West or West Drive, when it is open, in Central Park on the Upper West Side. The second segment of East 90th Street begins at East Drive, at Engineers Gate of Central Park. When East Drive is closed, East 90th Street begins at Fifth Avenue on the Upper East Side and curves to the right at the FDR Drive becoming East End Avenue. Our Lady of Good Counsel Church, is located on East 90th Street between Third Avenue and Second Avenue, across the street from Ruppert Towers (1601 and 1619 Third Avenue) and Ruppert Park. Asphalt Green, which is located on East 90th Street between York Avenue and East End Avenue.

Q1: Which street begins at East Drive, at Engineers Gate of Central Park?
A1: East 90th Street
Q2: Which church is located on East 90th Street between Second and Third Avenue?
A2: Our Lady of Good Counsel Church
Q3: Which towers are located at 1601 and 1619 Third Avenue?
A3: Ruppert Towers
Q4: What is located on East 90th Street between York Avenue and East End Avenue?
A4: Asphalt Green
Title: Pub
Topic: History

A "beer engine" is a device for pumping beer, originally manually operated and typically used to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar.

Q1: What is a "beer engine"?
A1: a device for pumping beer
Q2: What is the function of a "beer engine"?
A2: to dispense beer from a cask or container in a pub's basement or cellar
Title: Pub
Topic: History

A "country pub" by tradition is a rural public house. However, the distinctive culture surrounding country pubs, that of functioning as a social centre for a village and rural community, has been changing over the last thirty or so years. In the past, many rural pubs provided opportunities for country folk to meet and exchange (often local) news, while others—especially those away from village centres—existed for the general purpose, before the advent of motor transport, of serving travellers as coaching inns.

Q1: What is another name for a rural public house?
A1: country pub
Q2: What was a function of distant country pubs before the rise of motor vehicles?
A2: serving travellers as coaching inns
Q3: Over what period of years has the traditional function of country pubs been changing?
A3: the last thirty
Title: United_States_dollar
Topic: History

A "grand", sometimes shortened to simply "G", is a common term for the amount of $1,000. The suffix "K" or "k" (from "kilo-") is also commonly used to denote this amount (such as "$10k" to mean $10,000). However, the $1,000 note is no longer in general use. A "large" or "stack", it is usually a reference to a multiple of $1,000 (such as "fifty large" meaning $50,000). The $100 note is nicknamed "Benjamin", "Benji", "Ben", or "Franklin" (after Benjamin Franklin), "C-note" (C being the Roman numeral for 100), "Century note" or "bill" (e.g. "two bills" being $200). The $50 note is occasionally called a "yardstick" or a "grant" (after President Ulysses S. Grant, pictured on the obverse). The $20 note is referred to as a "double sawbuck", "Jackson" (after Andrew Jackson), or "double eagle". The $10 note is referred to as a "sawbuck", "ten-spot" or "Hamilton" (after Alexander Hamilton). The $5 note as "Lincoln", "fin", "fiver" or "five-spot". The infrequently-used $2 note is sometimes called "deuce", "Tom", or "Jefferson" (after Thomas Jefferson). The $1 note as a "single" or "buck". The dollar has also been, referred to as a "bone" and "bones" in plural (e.g. "twenty bones" is equal to $20). The newer designs, with portraits displayed in the main body of the obverse rather than in cameo insets upon paper color-coded by denomination, are sometimes referred to as "bigface" notes or "Monopoly money".

Q1: What is a "grand" sometimes shortened to?
A1: "G"
Q2: What is another term other than "large" that means a stack of mutiple thousands?
A2: "stack"
Q3: What is a "C-note" a reference to?
A3: the Roman numeral for 100
Q4: Which note is occasionally called a "yardstick"?
A4: $50
Q5: What is another term for "bigface" notes?
A5: Monopoly money
Title: Pub
Topic: History

A "lock-in" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence.

Q1: What is it called when the owner of a pub allows patrons to remain when the pub should have closed?
A1: "lock-in"
Q2: What law allows pubs to apply to extend their closing hours after 11pm?
A2: Licensing Act 2003
Q3: A law of what year prompted the existence of the "lock-in"?
A3: 1915
Q4: What action by a pub owner can result in his prosecution?
A4: allowing smoking
Title: MP3
Topic: Engineering and technology

A "tag" in an audio file is a section of the file that contains metadata such as the title, artist, album, track number or other information about the file's contents. The MP3 standards do not define tag formats for MP3 files, nor is there a standard container format that would support metadata and obviate the need for tags.

Q1: What is a section of a file that contains metadeta referred to as?
A1: tag
Q2: What else can metadeta contain other than the title, artist or track  number?
A2: album
Q3: What do MP3 standards not define?
A3: tag formats for MP3 files
Q4: What would be needed to support metadata and obviate the need for tags?
A4: a standard container format
Title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308
Topic: History

A 2000 United States Department of the Treasury study of lending trends for 305 cities from 1993 to 1998 showed that $467 billion of mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act (CRA)-covered lenders into low and mid level income (LMI) borrowers and neighborhoods, representing 10% of all U.S. mortgage lending during the period. The majority of these were prime loans. Sub-prime loans made by CRA-covered institutions constituted a 3% market share of LMI loans in 1998, but in the run-up to the crisis, fully 25% of all sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions and another 25% of sub-prime loans had some connection with CRA. In addition, an analysis by the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas in 2009, however, concluded that the CRA was not responsible for the mortgage loan crisis, pointing out that CRA rules have been in place since 1995 whereas the poor lending emerged only a decade later. Furthermore, most sub-prime loans were not made to the LMI borrowers targeted by the CRA, especially in the years 2005–2006 leading up to the crisis. Nor did it find any evidence that lending under the CRA rules increased delinquency rates or that the CRA indirectly influenced independent mortgage lenders to ramp up sub-prime lending.

Q1: What was the value of mortgage lending made by Community Reinvestment Act covered lenders to low and mid level income borrowers and neighborhoods from 1993-1998?
A1: $467 billion
Q2: What percent of mortgage lending was made by Community Reinvestment Act covered lenders from 1993 to 1998?
A2: 10%
Q3: What does CRA stand for?
A3: Community Reinvestment Act
Q4: What percent of sub-prime lending occurred at CRA-covered institutions in the run-up to the financial crisis?
A4: 25%
Q5: What percent of sub-prime loans had some connection with CRA in the run-up to the financial crisis?
A5: 25%
Title: Ashkenazi_Jews
Topic: History

A 2001 study by Nebel et al. showed that both Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jewish populations share the same overall paternal Near Eastern ancestries. In comparison with data available from other relevant populations in the region, Jews were found to be more closely related to groups in the north of the Fertile Crescent. The authors also report on Eu 19 (R1a) chromosomes, which are very frequent in Central and Eastern Europeans (54%–60%) at elevated frequency (12.7%) in Ashkenazi Jews. They hypothesized that the differences among Ashkenazim Jews could reflect low-level gene flow from surrounding European populations and/or genetic drift during isolation. A later 2005 study by Nebel et al., found a similar level of 11.5% of male Ashkenazim belonging to R1a1a (M17+), the dominant Y-chromosome haplogroup in Central and Eastern Europeans.

Q1: A 2001 study by Nebel et al. showed that which two populations share the same overall paternal Near Eastern ancestries?
A1: Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jewish populations
Q2: Levels of the Eu 19 (R1a) chromosome are typically seen between what two percentages in Central and Eastern Europeans?
A2: 54%–60%
Q3: Levels of the Eu 19 (R1a) chromosome were seen in what percentage of the Ashkenazi Jewish population?
A3: 12.7%
Q4: The difference in percentages of the levels of Eu 19 (R1a) chromosomes between Central and Eastern Europeans and the Ashkenazi population would indicate what?
A4: low-level gene flow from surrounding European populations and/or genetic drift during isolation
Title: Dog
Topic: Natural sciences

A 2005 paper states "recent research has failed to support earlier findings that pet ownership is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, a reduced use of general practitioner services, or any psychological or physical benefits on health for community dwelling older people. Research has, however, pointed to significantly less absenteeism from school through sickness among children who live with pets." In one study, new guardians reported a highly significant reduction in minor health problems during the first month following pet acquisition, and this effect was sustained in those with dogs through to the end of the study.

Q1: What year did a publication come out indicating having a pet does not mean lower risk of heart disease in the elderly?
A1: 2005
Q2: What is lowered in children who have pets?
A2: absenteeism from school
Q3: What year did a report state that research did not support better health for elderly people who own pets?
A3: 2005
Title: Ashkenazi_Jews
Topic: History

A 2006 study by Seldin et al. used over five thousand autosomal SNPs to demonstrate European genetic substructure. The results showed "a consistent and reproducible distinction between 'northern' and 'southern' European population groups". Most northern, central, and eastern Europeans (Finns, Swedes, English, Irish, Germans, and Ukrainians) showed >90% in the "northern" population group, while most individual participants with southern European ancestry (Italians, Greeks, Portuguese, Spaniards) showed >85% in the "southern" group. Both Ashkenazi Jews as well as Sephardic Jews showed >85% membership in the "southern" group. Referring to the Jews clustering with southern Europeans, the authors state the results were "consistent with a later Mediterranean origin of these ethnic groups".

Q1: In a 2006 study, how many autosomal SNPs were used?
A1: five thousand
Title: Ashkenazi_Jews
Topic: History

A 2006 study found Ashkenazi Jews to be a clear, homogeneous genetic subgroup. Strikingly, regardless of the place of origin, Ashkenazi Jews can be grouped in the same genetic cohort – that is, regardless of whether an Ashkenazi Jew's ancestors came from Poland, Russia, Hungary, Lithuania, or any other place with a historical Jewish population, they belong to the same ethnic group. The research demonstrates the endogamy of the Jewish population in Europe and lends further credence to the idea of Ashkenazi Jews as an ethnic group. Moreover, though intermarriage among Jews of Ashkenazi descent has become increasingly common, many Haredi Jews, particularly members of Hasidic or Hareidi sects, continue to marry exclusively fellow Ashkenazi Jews. This trend keeps Ashkenazi genes prevalent and also helps researchers further study the genes of Ashkenazi Jews with relative ease. It is noteworthy that these Haredi Jews often have extremely large families.

Q1: A 2006 study found Ashkenazi Jews to be a what?
A1: a clear, homogeneous genetic subgroup
Q2: Ashkenazi Jews, regardless of their place of origin, belong to the same what?
A2: ethnic group
Q3: Members of which two Haredi Jewish sects continue to marry exclusively within the Ashkenazi Jewish population?
A3: Hasidic or Hareidi sects
Q4: Do Haredi Jews tend to have large or small families?
A4: Haredi Jews often have extremely large families
Title: Biodiversity
Topic: Natural sciences

A 2007 study conducted by the National Science Foundation found that biodiversity and genetic diversity are codependent—that diversity among species requires diversity within a species, and vice versa. "If any one type is removed from the system, the cycle can break down, and the community becomes dominated by a single species." At present, the most threatened ecosystems are found in fresh water, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005, which was confirmed by the "Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment", organised by the biodiversity platform, and the French Institut de recherche pour le développement (MNHNP).

Q1: In which year was the study published that found biodiversity and genetic diversity are codependent?
A1: 2007
Q2: Who conducted the 2007 study?
A2: National Science Foundation
Q3: What can cause a break down of a biodiversity system?
A3: If any one type is removed from the system
Q4: Where are the most threatened ecosystems found?
A4: in fresh water
Title: Pharmaceutical_industry
Topic: Natural sciences

A 2009 Cochrane review concluded that thiazide antihypertensive drugs reduce the risk of death (RR 0.89), stroke (RR 0.63), coronary heart disease (RR 0.84), and cardiovascular events (RR 0.70) in people with high blood pressure. In the ensuring years other classes of antihypertensive drug were developed and found wide acceptance in combination therapy, including loop diuretics (Lasix/furosemide, Hoechst Pharmaceuticals, 1963), beta blockers (ICI Pharmaceuticals, 1964) ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers. ACE inhibitors reduce the risk of new onset kidney disease [RR 0.71] and death [RR 0.84] in diabetic patients, irrespective of whether they have hypertension.

Q1: What do ACE inhibitors do?
A1: reduce the risk of new onset kidney disease [RR 0.71] and death [RR 0.84] in diabetic patients
Q2: What drugs reduce the risk of death and other events in people with high blood pressure?
A2: thiazide antihypertensive drugs
Q3: Who conducted the review on Thiazide Antihypertensive drugs?
A3: Cochrane
Q4: What were Thiazide Antihypertensive drugs used with?
A4: combination therapy
Q5: In what year did Cochrane release the report?
A5: 2009
Q6: What reduces the risk of new onset kidney diseases and death?
A6: ACE inhibitors
Q7: What type of drugs reduced the risk of strokes and heart disease for people with high blood pressure?
A7: thiazide antihypertensive drugs
Q8: In what year was thiazide antihypertensive drugs shown to help those with heart problems?
A8: 2009
Title: Ashkenazi_Jews
Topic: History

A 2010 study by Bray et al., using SNP microarray techniques and linkage analysis found that when assuming Druze and Palestinian Arab populations to represent the reference to world Jewry ancestor genome, between 35 to 55 percent of the modern Ashkenazi genome can possibly be of European origin, and that European "admixture is considerably higher than previous estimates by studies that used the Y chromosome" with this reference point. Assuming this reference point the linkage disequilibrium in the Ashkenazi Jewish population was interpreted as "matches signs of interbreeding or 'admixture' between Middle Eastern and European populations". On the Bray et al. tree, Ashkenazi Jews were found to be a genetically more divergent population than Russians, Orcadians, French, Basques, Italians, Sardinians and Tuscans. The study also observed that Ashkenazim are more diverse than their Middle Eastern relatives, which was counterintuitive because Ashkenazim are supposed to be a subset, not a superset, of their assumed geographical source population. Bray et al. therefore postulate that these results reflect not the population antiquity but a history of mixing between genetically distinct populations in Europe. However, it's possible that the relaxation of marriage prescription in the ancestors of Ashkenazim that drove their heterozygosity up, while the maintenance of the FBD rule in native Middle Easterners have been keeping their heterozygosity values in check. Ashkenazim distinctiveness as found in the Bray et al. study, therefore, may come from their ethnic endogamy (ethnic inbreeding), which allowed them to "mine" their ancestral gene pool in the context of relative reproductive isolation from European neighbors, and not from clan endogamy (clan inbreeding). Consequently, their higher diversity compared to Middle Easterners stems from the latter's marriage practices, not necessarily from the former's admixture with Europeans.

Q1: What percentage of the modern Ashkenazi genome could possibly be of European origin?
A1: 35 to 55 percent
Q2: Is the percentage of admixture in the modern Ashkenazi genome higher or lower than previously thought?
A2: admixture is considerably higher
Q3: Were Ashkenazi Jews found to be a more or less genetically divergent population than Russians, Orcadians, French, and Basques?
A3: a genetically more divergent population
Q4: In one study it was found that the Ashkenazim were more or less diverse than their Middle Eastern relatives?
A4: more diverse
Q5: Were the Ashkenazim thought to be a subset or superset of their assumed geographical source population?
A5: Ashkenazim are supposed to be a subset, not a superset
Title: Ashkenazi_Jews
Topic: History

A 2010 study on Jewish ancestry by Atzmon-Ostrer et al. stated "Two major groups were identified by principal component, phylogenetic, and identity by descent (IBD) analysis: Middle Eastern Jews and European/Syrian Jews. The IBD segment sharing and the proximity of European Jews to each other and to southern European populations suggested similar origins for European Jewry and refuted large-scale genetic contributions of Central and Eastern European and Slavic populations to the formation of Ashkenazi Jewry", as both groups – the Middle Eastern Jews and European/Syrian Jews – shared common ancestors in the Middle East about 2500 years ago. The study examines genetic markers spread across the entire genome and shows that the Jewish groups (Ashkenazi and non Ashkenazi) share large swaths of DNA, indicating close relationships and that each of the Jewish groups in the study (Iranian, Iraqi, Syrian, Italian, Turkish, Greek and Ashkenazi) has its own genetic signature but is more closely related to the other Jewish groups than to their fellow non-Jewish countrymen. Atzmon's team found that the SNP markers in genetic segments of 3 million DNA letters or longer were 10 times more likely to be identical among Jews than non-Jews. Results of the analysis also tally with biblical accounts of the fate of the Jews. The study also found that with respect to non-Jewish European groups, the population most closely related to Ashkenazi Jews are modern-day Italians. The study speculated that the genetic-similarity between Ashkenazi Jews and Italians may be due to inter-marriage and conversions in the time of the Roman Empire. It was also found that any two Ashkenazi Jewish participants in the study shared about as much DNA as fourth or fifth cousins.

Q1: In a 2010 study, which two groups were identified by principal component, phylogenetic, and identity by descent analysis?
A1: Middle Eastern Jews and European/Syrian Jews
Q2: The 2010 study found that what modern population is most closely related to Ashkenazi Jews?
A2: modern-day Italians
Q3: Ashkenazi Jews and Italians may be genetically similar due to what two factors?
A3: inter-marriage and conversions in the time of the Roman Empire
Title: Wood
Topic: Natural sciences

A 2011 discovery in the Canadian province of New Brunswick uncovered the earliest known plants to have grown wood, approximately 395 to 400 million years ago. Wood can be dated by carbon dating and in some species by dendrochronology to make inferences about when a wooden object was created.

Q1: What year were the earliest plants that grew wood discovered?
A1: 2011
Q2: In which Canadian province were the oldest woody plants found?
A2: New Brunswick
Q3: If dendrochronology can't be used, what method would scientists employ to date wood?
A3: carbon dating
Q4: How many millions of years old were the plants that were discovered in New Brunswick?
A4: 395 to 400
Title: Poultry
Topic: Natural sciences

A 2011 study by the Translational Genomics Research Institute showed that 47% of the meat and poultry sold in United States grocery stores was contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, and 52% of the bacteria concerned showed resistance to at least three groups of antibiotics. Thorough cooking of the product would kill these bacteria, but a risk of cross-contamination from improper handling of the raw product is still present. Also, some risk is present for consumers of poultry meat and eggs to bacterial infections such as Salmonella and Campylobacter. Poultry products may become contaminated by these bacteria during handling, processing, marketing, or storage, resulting in food-borne illness if the product is improperly cooked or handled.

Q1: When is it possible for baccteria is enter into poultry before you get it home?
A1: Translational Genomics Research
Q2: What percentage of poultry is tainted with Staphylococcus bacteria?
A2: 47%
Q3: Are the bacteria that is found on poultry easy to get rid of?
A3: Thorough cooking of the product would kill these bacteria,
Q4: What considerations do consumers need when using safe handling procedures with poultry regardless of cooking method used??
A4: a risk of cross-contamination from improper handling of the raw product is still present
Title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Topic: History

A 2013 study in Nature reported that DNA found in the 24,000-year-old remains of a young boy from the archaeological Mal'ta-Buret' culture suggest that up to one-third of the indigenous Americans may have ancestry that can be traced back to western Eurasians, who may have "had a more north-easterly distribution 24,000 years ago than commonly thought". "We estimate that 14 to 38 percent of Native American ancestry may originate through gene flow from this ancient population," the authors wrote. Professor Kelly Graf said,

Q1: When was a study about the DNA of a young boy published in Nature?
A1: 2013
Q2: How old was the young boy's remains?
A2: 24,000-year-old
Q3: What culture was the boy from?
A3: Mal'ta-Buret'
Q4: What may one-third of the indigenous Americans ancestry be traced back to?
A4: western Eurasians
Q5: What percent of Native American ancestry may originate through gene flow from the Mal'ta-Buret' population?
A5: 14 to 38 percent
Title: Ashkenazi_Jews
Topic: History

A 2013 trans-genome study carried out by 30 geneticists, from 13 universities and academies, from 9 countries, assembling the largest data set available to date, for assessment of Ashkenazi Jewish genetic origins found no evidence of Khazar origin among Ashkenazi Jews. "Thus, analysis of Ashkenazi Jews together with a large sample from the region of the Khazar Khaganate corroborates the earlier results that Ashkenazi Jews derive their ancestry primarily from populations of the Middle East and Europe, that they possess considerable shared ancestry with other Jewish populations, and that there is no indication of a significant genetic contribution either from within or from north of the Caucasus region", the authors concluded.

Q1: How many geneticists carried out the 2013 trans-genome study?
A1: 30 geneticists
Q2: How many universities and academies participated in the 2013 trans-genome study?
A2: 13 universities and academies
Q3: What did the 2013 trans-genome study find in regards to Ashkenazi Jews and Khazar origins?
A3: found no evidence of Khazar origin among Ashkenazi Jews
Title: Plymouth
Topic: History

A 2014 profile by the National Health Service showed Plymouth had higher than average levels of poverty and deprivation (26.2% of population among the poorest 20.4% nationally). Life expectancy, at 78.3 years for men and 82.1 for women, was the lowest of any region in the South West of England.

Q1: What percentage of Plymouth residents were suffering from poverty and deprivation in 2014?
A1: 26.2%
Q2: As of 2014, what was the life expectancy of male Plymouth residents?
A2: 78.3 years
Q3: As of 2014, what was the life expectancy of female Plymouth residents?
A3: 82.1
Q4: Where did Plymouth's life expectancy rank out of the regions of South West England?
A4: lowest
Title: Mosaic
Topic: Art and architecture

A 5th-century building in Huldah may be a Samaritan synagogue. Its mosaic floor contains typical Jewish symbols (menorah, lulav, etrog) but the inscriptions are Greek. Another Samaritan synagogue with a mosaic floor was located in Bet She'an (excavated in 1960). The floor had only decorative motifs and an aedicule (shrine) with cultic symbols. The ban on human or animal images was more strictly observed by the Samaritans than their Jewish neighbours in the same town (see above). The mosaic was laid by the same masters who made the floor of the Beit Alfa synagogue. One of the inscriptions was written in Samaritan script.

Q1: A 5th-century building in Huldah is believed to be what?
A1: a Samaritan synagogue
Q2: What does the mosaic at Huldah contain?
A2: typical Jewish symbols
Q3: What language are the inscriptions on the mosaic at Huldah?
A3: Greek
Q4: The synagogue located in Bet She'an had what kind of symbols depicted in its mosaic?
A4: cultic
Q5: The masters who built the floor in the synagogue at Bet She'an also constructed what other mosaic?
A5: the floor of the Beit Alfa synagogue
Title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess
Topic: Video games

A CD containing 20 musical selections from the game was available as a GameStop preorder bonus in the United States; it is included in all bundles in Japan, Europe, and Australia.[citation needed]

Q1: What company included the soundtrack as a reward for ordering the game prior to release?
A1: GameStop
Q2: How many tracks were recorded on the preorder CD?
A2: 20
Q3: In what areas is the content of the GameStop bonus CD provided for all versions of the game?
A3: Japan, Europe, and Australia
Q4: What was included as a Gamestop preorder item?
A4: CD
Title: Compact_disc
Topic: Engineering and technology

A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer. The change in height between pits and lands results in a difference in the way the light is reflected. By measuring the intensity change with a photodiode, the data can be read from the disc. In order to accommodate the spiral pattern of data, the semiconductor laser is placed on a swing arm within the disc tray of any CD player. This swing arm allows the laser to read information from the centre to the edge of a disc, without having to interrupt the spinning of the disc itself.

Q1: Where is the semiconductor laser found in a CD player?
A1: on a swing arm
Q2: What wavelenght is used to pull data from a CD?
A2: 780 nm
Q3: In what pattern is data stored on a CD?
A3: spiral
Q4: What is used to discern the change of intensity in light on a CD?
A4: photodiode
Q5: What createds the change in light reflected off of a CD?
A5: change in height between pits and lands
Title: Christian
Topic: Language and literature

A Christian ( pronunciation (help·info)) is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. "Christian" derives from the Koine Greek word Christós (Χριστός), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term mashiach.

Q1: What is a person who follows Christianity called?
A1: Christian
Q2: Whose life do Christians learn from?
A2: Jesus Christ
Q3: What Greek word is Christian derived from?
A3: Christós
Q4: Christós is translated from what Biblical term?
A4: mashiach
Title: Dog
Topic: Natural sciences

A Colorado study found bites in children were less severe than bites in adults. The incidence of dog bites in the US is 12.9 per 10,000 inhabitants, but for boys aged 5 to 9, the incidence rate is 60.7 per 10,000. Moreover, children have a much higher chance to be bitten in the face or neck. Sharp claws with powerful muscles behind them can lacerate flesh in a scratch that can lead to serious infections.

Q1: According to a Colorado study, dog bites are what in children as compared to adults?
A1: less severe
Q2: Out of 10,000 people, how many people are bitten by dogs in the United States?
A2: 12.9
Q3: Out of 10,000 boys between five and nine years old, how many are bitten annually by dogs?
A3: 60.7
Q4: Children are often bit where by dogs?
A4: the face or neck.
Q5: A dog scratch can lead to what medical condition?
A5: infections.
Q6: Where was the study done that showed dog bites were less serious in children than adults?
A6: Colorado
Q7: About 12.9 out of 10,000 are bit by dogs, but what is the number in 10,000 for young boys from 5 to 9?
A7: 60.7
Q8: According to the text, dog scratches can cause what?
A8: infections.
Title: Database
Topic: Engineering and technology

A DBMS has evolved into a complex software system and its development typically requires thousands of human years of development effort.[a] Some general-purpose DBMSs such as Adabas, Oracle and DB2 have been undergoing upgrades since the 1970s. General-purpose DBMSs aim to meet the needs of as many applications as possible, which adds to the complexity. However, the fact that their development cost can be spread over a large number of users means that they are often the most cost-effective approach. However, a general-purpose DBMS is not always the optimal solution: in some cases a general-purpose DBMS may introduce unnecessary overhead. Therefore, there are many examples of systems that use special-purpose databases. A common example is an email system that performs many of the functions of a general-purpose DBMS such as the insertion and deletion of messages composed of various items of data or associating messages with a particular email address; but these functions are limited to what is required to handle email and don't provide the user with all of the functionality that would be available using a general-purpose DBMS.

Q1: How long can it take to create a DBMS?
A1: thousands of human years
Q2: Name three DBMSs that have been used since the 1970s.
A2: Adabas, Oracle and DB2
Q3: How is the cost to create a DBMS distributed?
A3: spread over a large number of users
Q4: Name an example of a general-purpose DBMS.
A4: an email system
Title: Pharmaceutical_industry
Topic: Natural sciences

A Federal Trade Commission report issued in 1958 attempted to quantify the effect of antibiotic development on American public health. The report found that over the period 1946-1955, there was a 42% drop in the incidence of diseases for which antibiotics were effective and only a 20% drop in those for which antibiotics were not effective. The report concluded that "it appears that the use of antibiotics, early diagnosis, and other factors have limited the epidemic spread and thus the number of these diseases which have occurred". The study further examined mortality rates for eight common diseases for which antibiotics offered effective therapy (syphilis, tuberculosis, dysentery, scarlet fever, whooping cough, meningococcal infections, and pneumonia), and found a 56% decline over the same period. Notable among these was a 75% decline in deaths due to tuberculosis.

Q1: What disease had the biggest decline of deaths?
A1: tuberculosis
Q2: What period was the report issued in 1958 cover?
A2: 1946-1955
Q3: Who issued the report in 1958?
A3: Federal Trade Commission
Q4: What were eight diseases examined for?
A4: mortality rates
Q5: What was responsible for the decline in spreading diseases?
A5: use of antibiotics, early diagnosis, and other factors
Q6: How much did the mortality rate of common bacterial infections decline between 1946-1955?
A6: 56%
Q7: How much did the mortality rate of tuberculosis drop between 1946-1955?
A7: 75%
Q8: Who issued a report describing the effects of antibiotic developments?
A8: Federal Trade Commission
Q9: In what year was the FTC's report issued?
A9: 1958
Title: Dutch_language
Topic: Language and literature

A Frankish identity emerged and so did their Frankish or Franconian language. The language itself is poorly attested. A notable exception is the Bergakker inscription, found near the Dutch city of Tiel, which may represent a primary record of 5th-century Frankish. Although some placenames recorded in Roman texts could arguably be considered as the oldest "Dutch" single words, like vadam (modern Dutch: wad, English: "mudflat"), the Bergakker inscription yields the oldest evidence of Dutch morphology, but there is no consensus on the interpretation of the rest of the text.

Q1: What's another term for "Frankish"?
A1: Franconian
Q2: What city is closest to the Bergakker inscription?
A2: Tiel
Q3: To which century do some researchers attribute the Bergakker inscription?
A3: 5th
Q4: What word found in Roman writings became "wad" in modern Dutch?
A4: vadam
Q5: What does the Dutch word "wad" mean in English?
A5: mudflat
Title: Eton_College
Topic: History

A Freedom of Information request in 2005 revealed that Eton had received £2,652 in farming subsidies in 2004 under the Common Agricultural Policy. Asked to explain under what grounds it was eligible to receive farming subsidies, Eton admitted that it was 'a bit of a mystery'. The TaxPayers' Alliance also stated that Eton had received a total of £5,300 in CAP subsidies between 2002 and 2007. Panorama revealed in March 2012 that farming subsidies were granted to Eton for 'environmental improvements', in effect 'being paid without having to do any farming at all'.

Q1: How much had Eton received in farming subsidies in 2005?
A1: £2,652
Q2: Under what policy was Eton able to receive funds without farming?
A2: Common Agricultural Policy
Q3: What did Panorama say was the documented reason Eton was eligible for farming subsidies?
A3: environmental improvements
Title: Germans
Topic: Language and literature

A German ethnicity emerged in the course of the Middle Ages, ultimately as a result of the formation of the kingdom of Germany within East Francia and later the Holy Roman Empire, beginning in the 9th century. The process was gradual and lacked any clear definition, and the use of exonyms designating "the Germans" develops only during the High Middle Ages. The title of rex teutonicum "King of the Germans" is first used in the late 11th century, by the chancery of Pope Gregory VII, to describe the future Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation Henry IV. Natively, the term ein diutscher ("a German") is used for the people of Germany from the 12th century.

Q1: What period in history do we see the emergence of German culture?
A1: High Middle Ages
Q2: The kingdom of Germany formed within what outer established empires?
A2: East Francia
Q3: When was the Title King of the Germans first used?
A3: late 11th century
Q4: Who coined the phrase "king of the Germans"
A4: chancery of Pope Gregory VII,
Q5: Who was given the prilavage of being called the first King of the Germans?
A5: Henry IV
Q6: When did a German ethnicity emerge?
A6: the Middle Ages
Q7: When is the title of rex teutonicum first used?
A7: the late 11th century
Q8: Who first used rex teutonicum?
A8: Pope Gregory VII
Q9: When is ein diutscher first used?
A9: 12th century
Q10: What does ein diutscher mean?
A10: a German
Title: Marshall_Islands
Topic: Geography and places

A German trading company, the Jaluit Gesellschaft, administered the islands from 1887 until 1905. They conscripted the islanders as laborers and mistreated them. After the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899, in which Germany acquired the Carolines, Palau, and the Marianas from Spain, Germany placed all of its Micronesian islands, including the Marshalls, under the governor of German New Guinea.

Q1: What company ran the Marshall Islands in the late 19th century?
A1: the Jaluit Gesellschaft
Q2: When did the Jaluit Gesellschaft's administration of the islands end?
A2: 1905
Q3: What document was signed in 1899?
A3: the German–Spanish Treaty of 1899
Q4: Along with the Marianas and Palau, what islands were acquired from Spain in 1899?
A4: the Carolines
Q5: What official administered Germany's Micronesian possessions?
A5: the governor of German New Guinea
Title: Human_Development_Index
Topic: Social sciences and society

A HDI below 0.5 is considered to represent "low development". All 22 countries in that category are located in Africa. The highest-scoring Sub-Saharan countries, Gabon and South Africa, are ranked 119th and 121st, respectively. Nine countries departed from this category this year and joined the "medium development" group.

Q1: Under what number does a country need to fall in order to be considered a "low development" country?
A1: 0.5
Q2: On which continent are all 22 of the low development countries located?
A2: Africa
Q3: What is Gabon's ranking?
A3: 119th
Q4: What is South Africa's ranking?
A4: 121st
Q5: What are the two highest ranking Sub-Saharan countries?
A5: Gabon and South Africa
Title: Human_Development_Index
Topic: Social sciences and society

A HDI of 0.8 or more is considered to represent "high development". This includes all developed countries, such as those in North America, Western Europe, Oceania, and Eastern Asia, as well as some developing countries in Eastern Europe, Central and South America, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, and the oil-rich Arabian Peninsula. Seven countries were promoted to this category this year, leaving the "medium development" group: Albania, Belarus, Brazil, Libya, Macedonia, Russia and Saudi Arabia.

Q1: What number indicates the minimum score for a country to be considered a "high development" country?
A1: 0.8
Q2: Which South American country was included among the seven promoted countries?
A2: Brazil
Q3: What is the largest country that was included among the seven promoted countries?
A3: Russia
Title: USB
Topic: Engineering and technology

A January 2013 press release from the USB group revealed plans to update USB 3.0 to 10 Gbit/s. The group ended up creating a new USB version, USB 3.1, which was released on 31 July 2013, introducing a faster transfer mode called SuperSpeed USB 10 Gbit/s, putting it on par with a single first-generation Thunderbolt channel. The new mode's logo features a "Superspeed+" caption (stylized as SUPERSPEED+). The USB 3.1 standard increases the data signaling rate to 10 Gbit/s in the USB 3.1 Gen2 mode, double that of USB 3.0 (referred to as USB 3.1 Gen1) and reduces line encoding overhead to just 3% by changing the encoding scheme to 128b/132b. The first USB 3.1 implementation demonstrated transfer speeds of 7.2 Gbit/s.

Q1: When were the plans to update USB 3.0 to 10 Gbit/s revealed?
A1: January 2013
Q2: What actually happened whenever USB 3.0 was updated?
A2: The group ended up creating a new USB version
Q3: When was USB 3.1 released?
A3: 31 July 2013
Q4: What does the USB 3.1 standard increase?
A4: the data signaling rate to 10 Gbit/s in the USB 3.1 Gen2 mode
Title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess
Topic: Video games

A Japan-exclusive manga series based on Twilight Princess, penned and illustrated by Akira Himekawa, was first released on February 8, 2016. The series is available solely via publisher Shogakukan's MangaOne mobile application. While the manga adaptation began almost ten years after the initial release of the game on which it is based, it launched only a month before the release of the high-definition remake.

Q1: Who wrote and provided art for a Twilight Princess comic book series?
A1: Akira Himekawa
Q2: The Twilight Princess manga was only available in what country?
A2: Japan
Q3: Who published the Twilight Princess comic book series?
A3: Shogakukan
Q4: What kind of device can access the Twilight Princess manga?
A4: mobile
Title: Pacific_War
Topic: History

A Japanese force was sent north to attack the Aleutian Islands. The next stage of the plan called for the capture of Midway, which would give him an opportunity to destroy Nimitz's remaining carriers. In May, Allied codebreakers discovered his intentions. Nagumo was again in tactical command but was focused on the invasion of Midway; Yamamoto's complex plan had no provision for intervention by Nimitz before the Japanese expected him. Planned surveillance of the U.S. fleet by long range seaplane did not happen (as a result of an abortive identical operation in March), so Fletcher's carriers were able to proceed to a flanking position without being detected. Nagumo had 272 planes operating from his four carriers, the U.S. 348 (115 land-based).

Q1: In Yamamoto's plan, what northern islands were to be attacked?
A1: Aleutian Islands
Q2: What was the second stage objective of Yamaoto's plan?
A2: capture of Midway
Q3: How many planes did Nagumo have for the Midway invasion?
A3: 272
Q4: How many planes did the United States have in the Battle of Midway?
A4: 348
Q5: How many U.S. planes were land-based?
A5: 115
Title: Muslim_world
Topic: Philosophy and religion

A Latin translation of Ibn Tufail's work, Philosophus Autodidactus, first appeared in 1671, prepared by Edward Pococke the Younger, followed by an English translation by Simon Ockley in 1708, as well as German and Dutch translations. These translations might have later inspired Daniel Defoe to write Robinson Crusoe, regarded as the first novel in English. Philosophus Autodidactus, continuing the thoughts of philosophers such as Aristotle from earlier ages, inspired Robert Boyle to write his own philosophical novel set on an island, The Aspiring Naturalist.

Q1: Which year did a translation of Philosophus Autodidactus in Latin come to be?
A1: 1671
Q2: Who first translated Philosophus Autodidactus into latin?
A2: Edward Pococke the Younger
Q3: Simon Ockley translated Philosophus Autodidactus into English, in what year did he do that?
A3: 1708
Q4: Who wrote Robinson Crusoe?
A4: Daniel Defoe
Q5: What book is Robert Boyle believe to have written after being inspired by Philosophus Autodidactus?
A5: The Aspiring Naturalist
Title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay
Topic: Sports and recreation

A Macau resident was arrested on April 26 for posting a message on cyberctm.com encouraging people to disrupt the relay. Both orchidbbs.com and cyberctm.com Internet forums were shut down from May 2 to 4. This fueled speculation that the shutdowns were targeting speeches against the relay. The head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation has denied that the shutdowns of the websites were politically motivated. About 2,200 police were deployed on the streets, there were no interruptions.

Q1: A Macau citizen was arrested for posting a plea to disrupt the relay on what website?
A1: cyberctm.com
Q2: In addition to cyberctm.com, what other website was shut down for two days?
A2: orchidbbs.com
Q3: Who was arrested on April 26 for posting an online message?
A3: A Macau resident
Q4: Where was the message posted?
A4: cyberctm.com
Q5: Who denied the shutdown was motivated by politics?
A5: The head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation
Title: Muammar_Gaddafi
Topic: History

A Misratan militia took Gaddafi prisoner, beating him, causing serious injuries; the events were filmed on a mobile phone. A video appears to picture Gaddafi being poked or stabbed in the rear end "with some kind of stick or knife" or possibly a bayonet. Pulled onto the front of a pick-up truck, he fell off as it drove away. His semi-naked, lifeless body was then placed into an ambulance and taken to Misrata; upon arrival, he was found to be dead. Official NTC accounts claimed that Gaddafi was caught in a cross-fire and died from his bullet wounds. Other eye-witness accounts claimed that rebels had fatally shot Gaddafi in the stomach; a rebel identifying himself as Senad el-Sadik el-Ureybi later claimed responsibility. Gaddafi's son Mutassim, who had also been among the convoy, was also captured, and found dead several hours later, most probably from an extrajudicial execution. Around 140 Gaddafi loyalists were rounded up from the convoy; tied up and abused, the corpses of 66 were found at the nearby Mahari Hotel, victims of extrajudicial execution. Libya's chief forensic pathologist, Dr. Othman al-Zintani, carried out the autopsies of Gaddafi, his son and Jabr in the days following their deaths; although the pathologist initially told the press that Gaddafi had died from a gunshot wound to the head, the autopsy report was not made public.

Q1: Who claimed to have murdered Gaddafi?
A1: Senad el-Sadik el-Ureybi
Q2: What son of Gaddafi, present in the convoy, was found dead shortly after being captured?
A2: Mutassim
Q3: Where did an ambulance take Gaddafi after he was murdered?
A3: Misrata
Q4: How many bodies of Gaddafi supporters were found at the Mahari Hotel?
A4: 66
Q5: Who was the chief forensic pathologist of Libya?
A5: Dr. Othman al-Zintani
Title: Light-emitting_diode
Topic: Engineering and technology

A P-N junction can convert absorbed light energy into a proportional electric current. The same process is reversed here (i.e. the P-N junction emits light when electrical energy is applied to it). This phenomenon is generally called electroluminescence, which can be defined as the emission of light from a semi-conductor under the influence of an electric field. The charge carriers recombine in a forward-biased P-N junction as the electrons cross from the N-region and recombine with the holes existing in the P-region. Free electrons are in the conduction band of energy levels, while holes are in the valence energy band. Thus the energy level of the holes will be lesser than the energy levels of the electrons. Some portion of the energy must be dissipated in order to recombine the electrons and the holes. This energy is emitted in the form of heat and light.

Q1: What converts absorbed light energy into an electric current?
A1: P-N junction
Q2: What is the phenomenon where a P-N junction emits light when an electrical current is applied to it?
A2: electroluminescence
Q3: Where are the free electrons located in the production of electroluminescence?
A3: the conduction band
Q4: Whose energy levels are lower than the electrons in the electroluminescence process?
A4: holes existing in the P-region
Q5: Why is some energy in the electroluminescence process emitted as heat and light?
A5: to recombine the electrons and the holes
Title: Electric_motor
Topic: Engineering and technology

A PM motor does not have a field winding on the stator frame, instead relying on PMs to provide the magnetic field against which the rotor field interacts to produce torque. Compensating windings in series with the armature may be used on large motors to improve commutation under load. Because this field is fixed, it cannot be adjusted for speed control. PM fields (stators) are convenient in miniature motors to eliminate the power consumption of the field winding. Most larger DC motors are of the "dynamo" type, which have stator windings. Historically, PMs could not be made to retain high flux if they were disassembled; field windings were more practical to obtain the needed amount of flux. However, large PMs are costly, as well as dangerous and difficult to assemble; this favors wound fields for large machines.

Q1: What can a PM motor not be adjusted for?
A1: speed control
Q2: What is another name for PM fields?
A2: stators
Q3: What design feature does a PM motor lack?
A3: field winding
Q4: What do field windings provide?
A4: flux