LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Elizabeth_II
Topic: History

Following their wedding, the couple leased Windlesham Moor, near Windsor Castle, until 4 July 1949, when they took up residence at Clarence House in London. At various times between 1949 and 1951, the Duke of Edinburgh was stationed in the British Crown Colony of Malta as a serving Royal Navy officer. He and Elizabeth lived intermittently, for several months at a time, in the hamlet of Gwardamanġa, at Villa Guardamangia, the rented home of Philip's uncle, Lord Mountbatten. The children remained in Britain.

Q1: Where did the newly married Elizabeth and Philip stay until 1949?
A1: Windlesham Moor
Q2: After 1949 where did Elizabeth live in London?
A2: Clarence House
Q3: In which armed force was the Duke of Edinburgh?
A3: Royal Navy
Q4: Where was Philip stationed during WWII?
A4: British Crown Colony of Malta
Q5: In whose home did Elizabeth and Philip stay in Malta?
A5: Lord Mountbatten
Title: Umayyad_Caliphate
Topic: History

Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin. The battle was stopped before either side had achieved victory, and the two parties agreed to arbitrate their dispute. After the battle Amr ibn al-As was appointed by Muawiyah as an arbitrator, and Ali appointed Abu Musa Ashaari. Seven months later, in February 658, the two arbitrators met at Adhruh, about 10 miles north west of Maan in Jordon. Amr ibn al-As convinced Abu Musa Ashaari that both Ali and Muawiyah should step down and a new Caliph be elected. Ali and his supporters were stunned by the decision which had lowered the Caliph to the status of the rebellious Muawiyah I. Ali was therefore outwitted by Muawiyah and Amr. Ali refused to accept the verdict and found himself technically in breach of his pledge to abide by the arbitration. This put Ali in a weak position even amongst his own supporters. The most vociferous opponents in Ali's camp were the very same people who had forced Ali into the ceasefire. They broke away from Ali's force, rallying under the slogan, "arbitration belongs to God alone." This group came to be known as the Kharijites ("those who leave"). In 659 Ali's forces and the Kharijites met in the Battle of Nahrawan. Although Ali won the battle, the constant conflict had begun to affect his standing, and in the following years some Syrians seem to have acclaimed Muawiyah as a rival caliph.

Q1: Where did Muawiyah fight Ali?
A1: Battle of Siffin
Q2: Who was appointed arbitrator by Ali?
A2: Abu Musa Ashaari
Q3: In what battle did Ali fight the Kharjites?
A3: Battle of Nahrawan
Q4: What did the term Kharjites mean?
A4: those who leave
Title: Roman_Republic
Topic: History

Following various military conquests in the Greek East, Romans adapted a number of Greek educational precepts to their own fledgling system. They began physical training to prepare the boys to grow as Roman citizens and for eventual recruitment into the army. Conforming to discipline was a point of great emphasis. Girls generally received instruction from their mothers in the art of spinning, weaving, and sewing. Schooling in a more formal sense was begun around 200 BC. Education began at the age of around six, and in the next six to seven years, boys and girls were expected to learn the basics of reading, writing and counting. By the age of twelve, they would be learning Latin, Greek, grammar and literature, followed by training for public speaking. Oratory was an art to be practiced and learnt, and good orators commanded respect.[citation needed]

Q1: How did Romans develop their male children as Roman citizens?
A1: physical training
Q2: Who could be expected to obtain guidance in the art of weaving?
A2: Girls
Q3: What Roman art involved speeches made to the public?
A3: Oratory
Q4: When did academic schooling begin in the Roman Republic?
A4: around 200 BC
Q5: What caused the Romans to conform several educational concepts to their own system?
A5: various military conquests in the Greek East
Title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Topic: History

Following years of mistreatment, the Taínos began to adopt suicidal behaviors, with women aborting or killing their infants and men jumping from the cliffs or ingesting untreated cassava, a violent poison. Eventually, a Taíno Cacique named Enriquillo managed to hold out in the Baoruco Mountain Range for thirteen years, causing serious damage to the Spanish, Carib-held plantations and their Indian auxiliaries. Hearing of the seriousness of the revolt, Emperor Charles V (also King of Spain) sent captain Francisco Barrionuevo to negotiate a peace treaty with the ever-increasing number of rebels. Two months later, after consultation with the Audencia of Santo Domingo, Enriquillo was offered any part of the island to live in peace.

Q1: What behaviors did the Taínos begin to adopt after years of mistreatment?
A1: suicidal
Q2: What did Taínos women start doing to their infants?
A2: aborting or killing
Q3: Why would ingesting untreated cassava be a bad idea?
A3: violent poison
Q4: How many years was a Taínos Cacique able to hold ou in the Baoruco Mountain Range?
A4: thirteen
Q5: Who was sent to negotiate a peace treaty with the rebels?
A5: Francisco Barrionuevo
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

Food is passed from the kitchen to the stube, where the dining room table is placed. Some meals are communal, such as fondue, where a pot is set in the middle of the table for each person to dip into. Other meals are still served in a traditional manner on carved wooden plates. Furniture has been traditionally elaborately carved and in many Alpine countries carpentry skills are passed from generation to generation.

Q1: The food is passed from the kitchen to where? 
A1: the stube
Q2: Where is the dining room table placed? 
A2: the stube
Q3: Traditionally, what are meals served on? 
A3: carved wooden plates
Q4: How is furniture traditionally carved? 
A4: elaborately
Title: Labour_Party_(UK)
Topic: Geography and places

Foot resigned and was replaced as leader by Neil Kinnock, with Roy Hattersley as his deputy. The new leadership progressively dropped unpopular policies. The miners strike of 1984–85 over coal mine closures, for which miners' leader Arthur Scargill was blamed, and the Wapping dispute led to clashes with the left of the party, and negative coverage in most of the press. Tabloid vilification of the so-called loony left continued to taint the parliamentary party by association from the activities of 'extra-parliamentary' militants in local government.

Q1: Who was Foot replaced by?
A1: Neil Kinnock
Q2: Who was Neil Knnocks deputy?
A2: Roy Hattersley
Q3: What years were the miners strike?
A3: 1984–85
Q4: What was the name of the miner's leader that was blamed for the strike?
A4: Arthur Scargill
Title: Kathmandu
Topic: Geography and places

Football and Cricket are the most popular sports among the younger generation in Nepal and there are several stadiums in the city. The sport is governed by the All Nepal Football Association (ANFA) from its headquarters in Kathmandu. The only international football stadium in the city is the Dasarath Rangasala Stadium, a multi-purpose stadium used mostly for football matches and cultural events, located in the neighborhood of Tripureshwor. It is the largest stadium in Nepal with a capacity of 25,000 spectators, built in 1956. Martyr's Memorial League is also held in this ground every year. The stadium was renovated with Chinese help before the 8th South Asian Games were held in Kathmandu and had floodlights installed. Kathmandu is home to the oldest football clubs of Nepal such as RCT, Sankata and NRT. Other prominent clubs include MMC, Machhindra FC, Tribhuwan Army Club (TAC) and MPC.

Q1: Along with cricket, what sport is highly popular among Nepali youth?
A1: Football
Q2: What body oversees soccer in Nepal?
A2: All Nepal Football Association
Q3: How many people can fit in Dasarath Rangasala Stadium?
A3: 25,000
Q4: In what part of Kathmandu is Dasarath Rangasala Stadium located?
A4: Tripureshwor
Q5: Who assisted Nepal in renovating Dasarath Rangasala Stadium?
A5: Chinese
Title: Eritrea
Topic: Natural sciences

Football and cycling are the most popular sports in Eritrea. In recent years, Eritrean athletes have also seen increasing success in the international arena. Zersenay Tadese, an Eritrean athlete, currently holds the world record in half marathon distance running. The Tour of Eritrea, a multi-stage international cycling event, is held annually throughout the country. The Eritrea national cycling team has experienced a lot of success, winning the continental cycling championship several years in a row. Six Eritrean riders have been signed to international cycling teams, including Natnael Berhane and Daniel Teklehaimanot. Berhane was named African Sportsman of the Year in 2013, ahead of footballers Yaya Touré and Didier Drogba, while Teklehaimanot became the first Eritrean to ride the Vuelta a España in 2012. In 2015 Teklehaimanot won the King of the Mountains classification in the Critérium du Dauphine. Teklehaimanot and fellow Eritrean Merhawi Kudus became the first black African riders to compete in the Tour de France when they were selected by the MTN–Qhubeka team for the 2015 edition of the race, where, on 9 July, Teklehaimanot became the first African rider to wear the polkadot jersey.

Q1: What are the most popular sports in Eritrea?
A1: Football and cycling
Q2: What world record is held by Eritrean athlete Zersenay Tadese?
A2: half marathon distance running
Q3: What is the name of the multi-stage international cycling event held throughout Eritrea?
A3: Tour of Eritrea
Q4: Who became the first black African riders to compete in the Tour de France?
A4: Teklehaimanot and fellow Eritrean Merhawi Kudus
Q5: Who became the first Eritrean to ride the Vuelta a Espana in 2012?
A5: Daniel Teklehaimanot
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame
Topic: Geography and places

Football gameday traditions During home games, activities occur all around campus and different dorms decorate their halls with a traditional item (e.g. Zahm House's two-story banner). Traditional activities begin at the stroke of midnight with the Drummers' Circle. This tradition involves the drum line of the Band of the Fighting Irish and ushers in the rest of the festivities that will continue the rest of the gameday Saturday. Later that day, the trumpet section will play the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater under the dome. The band entire will play a concert at the steps of Bond Hall, from where they will march into Notre Dame Stadium, leading fans and students alike across campus to the game.

Q1: What is displayed at Zahm House for football home games at Notre Dame?
A1: two-story banner
Q2: What occurs at midnight preceding a football home game at Notre Dame?
A2: the Drummers' Circle
Q3: From where does the Band of the Fighting Irish lead a march to the Notre Dame Stadium for football home games?
A3: the steps of Bond Hall
Q4: What songs does the trumpet section of the Band of the Fighting Irish play preceding home football games?
A4: the Notre Dame Victory March and the Notre Dame Alma Mater
Q5: On what day do Notre Dame home football games occur?
A5: Saturday
Title: Armenia
Topic: History

Football is also popular in Armenia. The most successful team was the FC Ararat Yerevan team of the 1970s who won the Soviet Cup in 1973 and 1975 and the Soviet Top League in 1973. The latter achievement saw FC Ararat gain entry to the European Cup where – despite a home victory in the second leg – they lost on aggregate at the quarter final stage to eventual winner FC Bayern Munich. Armenia competed internationally as part of the USSR national football team until the Armenian national football team was formed in 1992 after the split of the Soviet Union. Armenia have never qualified for a major tournament although recent improvements saw the team to achieve 44th position in the FIFA World Rankings in September 2011. The national team is controlled by the Football Federation of Armenia. The Armenian Premier League is the highest level football competition in Armenia, and has been dominated by FC Pyunik in recent seasons. The league currently consists of eight teams and relegates to the Armenian First League.

Q1: What team won the Soviet football Cup in 1973 and 1975?
A1: FC Ararat Yerevan team
Q2: Which team did the FC Ararat lose to in the European Cup?
A2: FC Bayern Munich
Q3: What FIFA ranking did Armenia hold in 2011?
A3: 44th
Q4: How many teams does the Armenian Premier League have?
A4: eight teams
Title: Nigeria
Topic: History

Football is largely considered the Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. Nigeria's national football team, known as the "Super Eagles", has made the World Cup on five occasions 1994, 1998, 2002, 2010, and most recently in 2014. In April 1994, the Super Eagles ranked 5th in the FIFA World Rankings, the highest ranking achieved by an African football team. They won the African Cup of Nations in 1980, 1994, and 2013, and have also hosted the U-17 & U-20 World Cup. They won the gold medal for football in the 1996 Summer Olympics (in which they beat Argentina) becoming the first African football team to win gold in Olympic Football.

Q1: Which years did Nigeria win the African Cup of Nations?
A1: 1980, 1994, and 2013
Q2: When did Nigeria win a Summer Olympics gold medal?
A2: 1996
Q3: What did Nigeria win a Summer Olympics gold medal for?
A3: football
Q4: What country did Nigeria beat to win a Summer Olympics gold medal?
A4: Argentina
Q5: What is Nigeria's national football team called?
A5: Super Eagles
Title: Egypt
Topic: Geography and places

Football is the most popular national sport of Egypt. The Cairo Derby is one of the fiercest derbies in Africa, and the BBC picked it as one of the 7 toughest derbies in the world. Al Ahly is the most successful club of the 20th century in the African continent according to CAF, closely followed by their rivals Zamalek SC. Al Ahly was named in 2000 by the Confederation of African Football as the "African Club of the Century". With twenty titles, Al Ahly is currently the world's most successful club in terms of international trophies, surpassing Italy's A.C. Milan and Argentina's Boca Juniors, both having eighteen.

Q1: What is the most popular sport in Egypt?
A1: Football
Q2: What is one of the toughest derbies in the world, run in Egypt?
A2: The Cairo Derby
Q3: In terms of international trophies, whos is the most successful club?
A3: Al Ahly
Title: Somalis
Topic: Geography and places

Football is the most popular sport amongst Somalis. Important competitions are the Somalia League and Somalia Cup. The multi-ethnic Ocean Stars, Somalia's national team, first participated at the Olympic Games in 1972 and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games since then. The equally diverse Somali beach soccer team also represents the country in international beach soccer competitions. In addition, several international footballers such as Mohammed Ahamed Jama, Liban Abdi, Ayub Daud and Abdisalam Ibrahim have played in European top divisions.

Q1: What sport do Somalis most enjoy?
A1: Football
Q2: What is the name of the Somali national football team?
A2: Ocean Stars
Q3: In what year did the Ocean Stars first compete in the Olympics?
A3: 1972
Q4: Along with Liban Abdi, Ayub Daud and Abdisalam Ibrahim, who is a notable Somali football player?
A4: Mohammed Ahamed Jama
Q5: Along with the Somalia Cup, what is an important Somali football competition?
A5: the Somalia League
Title: Portugal
Topic: Geography and places

Football is the most popular sport in Portugal. There are several football competitions ranging from local amateur to world-class professional level. The legendary Eusébio is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history. FIFA World Player of the Year winners Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo who won the FIFA Ballon d'Or for 2013 and 2014, are among the numerous examples of other world-class football players born in Portugal and noted worldwide. Portuguese football managers are also noteworthy, with José Mourinho, André Villas-Boas, Fernando Santos, Carlos Queiroz and Manuel José among the most renowned.

Q1: What is the most popular sport in Portugal?
A1: Football
Q2: What is still a major symbol of Portuguese football history?
A2: Eusébio
Q3: Who are two examples of the top football players born in Portugal?
A3: Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo
Q4: What award did both Luís Figo and Cristiano Ronaldo win?
A4: FIFA World Player of the Year
Q5: Who are some of the most renowned football managers in Portugal?
A5: José Mourinho, André Villas-Boas, Fernando Santos, Carlos Queiroz and Manuel José
Title: Energy
Topic: Natural sciences

For "closed systems" with no external source or sink of energy, the first law of thermodynamics states that a system's energy is constant unless energy is transferred in or out by mechanical work or heat, and that no energy is lost in transfer. This means that it is impossible to create or destroy energy. While heat can always be fully converted into work in a reversible isothermal expansion of an ideal gas, for cyclic processes of practical interest in heat engines the second law of thermodynamics states that the system doing work always loses some energy as waste heat. This creates a limit to the amount of heat energy that can do work in a cyclic process, a limit called the available energy. Mechanical and other forms of energy can be transformed in the other direction into thermal energy without such limitations. The total energy of a system can be calculated by adding up all forms of energy in the system.

Q1: How can the total energy of a system be calculated?
A1: by adding up all forms of energy in the system
Q2: The limit to the amount of heat energy that can do work in a cyclic process is known as what?
A2: available energy
Q3: What can be fully converted into work in a reversible isothermal expansion of an ideal gas?
A3: heat
Q4: What states that the system doing work always loses some energy as waste heat?
A4: second law of thermodynamics
Title: Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census
Topic: Social sciences and society

For 1890, the Census Office changed the design of the population questionnaire. Residents were still listed individually, but a new questionnaire sheet was used for each family. Additionally, this was the first year that the census distinguished between different East Asian races, such as Japanese and Chinese, due to increased immigration. This census also marked the beginning of the term "race" in the questionnaires. Enumerators were instructed to write "White," "Black," "Mulatto," "Quadroon," "Octoroon," "Chinese," "Japanese," or "Indian."

Q1: In what year was the term race first used in the U.S. Census?
A1: 1890
Q2: How often was a new questionnaire sheet used in the 1890 census?
A2: for each family
Q3: How were residents listed in the census in 1890?
A3: individually
Q4: Why were different East Asian races divided in 1890 Census?
A4: increased immigration
Title: Brigham_Young_University
Topic: Philosophy and religion

For 2016, U.S. News & World Report ranked BYU as tied for 66th for national universities in the United States. A 2013 Quarterly Journal of Economics study of where the nation's top high school students choose to enroll ranked BYU No. 21 in its peer-reviewed study. The Princeton Review has ranked BYU the best value for college in 2007, and its library is consistently ranked in the nation's top ten — No. 1 in 2004 and No. 4 in 2007. BYU is also ranked No. 19 in the U.S. News and World Report's "Great Schools, Great Prices" lineup, and No. 12 in lowest student-incurred debt. Due in part to the school's emphasis on undergraduate research, in rankings for 2008-2009, BYU was ranked No. 10 nationally for the number of students who go on to earn PhDs, No. 1 nationally for students who go on to dental school, No. 6 nationally for students who go on to law school, and No. 10 nationally for students who go on to medical school. BYU is designated as a research university with high research activity by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.]] Forbes Magazine ranked it as the No. 1 "Top University to Work For in 2014" and as the best college in Utah.

Q1: Who ranked BYU as the best college in Utah?
A1: Forbes Magazine
Q2: Who designated BYU as having high research activity?
A2: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching
Q3: Who ranked BYU the vest value for college in 2007?
A3: The Princeton Review
Q4: Where was BYU  ranked No. 12 in schools with the lowest student-incurred debt?
A4: U.S. News and World Report's "Great Schools, Great Prices" lineup
Q5: In 2008-2009, how was BYU ranked nationally for the number of students who go on to earn PhDs?
A5: No. 10
Title: Warsaw_Pact
Topic: History

For 36 years, NATO and the Warsaw Pact never directly waged war against each other in Europe; the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies implemented strategic policies aimed at the containment of each other in Europe, while working and fighting for influence within the wider Cold War on the international stage.

Q1: What was the focus of both alliances' policies towards the other in lieu of direct fighting?
A1: containment
Q2: Which continent was considered to be at the center of NATO/Warsaw Pact intrigues?
A2: Europe
Title: Multiracial_American
Topic: History

For African Americans, the one-drop rule was a significant factor in ethnic solidarity. African Americans generally shared a common cause in society regardless of their multiracial admixture, or social/economic stratification. Additionally, African Americans found it, near, impossible to learn about their Indigenous American heritage as many family elders withheld pertinent genealogical information. Tracing the genealogy of African Americans can be a very difficult process, especially for descendants of Indigenous Americans, because African Americans who were slaves were forbidden to learn to read and write, and a majority of Indigenous Americans neither spoke English, nor read or wrote it.

Q1: What brought African Americans together?
A1: the one-drop rule
Q2: Who made it next to impossible to learn about their heritage for African Americans?
A2: family elders
Q3: Slaves were not allowed to do what?
A3: to learn to read and write
Q4: What did Indigenous Americans not do that makes it difficult to trace their heritage?
A4: spoke English, nor read or wrote it
Q5: What factors did not affect racial solidarity amoung African Americans?
A5: their multiracial admixture, or social/economic stratification
Title: Dominican_Order
Topic: Philosophy and religion

For English Dominican mystics, the mystical experience was not expressed just in one moment of the full knowledge of God, but in the journey of, or process of, faith. This then led to an understanding that was directed toward an experiential knowledge of divinity. It is important to understand, however, that for these mystics it was possible to pursue mystical life without the visions and voices that are usually associated with such a relationship with God. They experienced a mystical process that allowed them, in the end, to experience what they had already gained knowledge of through their faith only.

Q1: What was so important to English mystics?
A1: the journey of, or process of, faith
Q2: The process of faith leads one to what?
A2: knowledge of divinity
Q3: What did the English Dominican mystics not require in their work?
A3: visions and voices
Q4: What did the English Order of Dominicans believe was the only thing they needed?
A4: faith
Title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact
Topic: History

For Germany, because an autarkic economic approach or an alliance with Britain were impossible, closer relations with the Soviet Union to obtain raw materials became necessary, if not just for economic reasons alone. Moreover, an expected British blockade in the event of war would create massive shortages for Germany in a number of key raw materials. After the Munich agreement, the resulting increase in German military supply needs and Soviet demands for military machinery, talks between the two countries occurred from late 1938 to March 1939. The third Soviet Five Year Plan required new infusions of technology and industrial equipment.[clarification needed] German war planners had estimated serious shortfalls of raw materials if Germany entered a war without Soviet supply.

Q1: During conflict, what would prevent transport of materials?
A1: British blockade
Q2: Between german and the soviet union which country needed military machinery? 
A2: military machinery
Q3: Who believed they needed a supply line from the Soviet Union to sustain another war? 
A3: Germany
Title: Friedrich_Hayek
Topic: Social sciences and society

For Hayek, the supposedly stark difference between authoritarianism and totalitarianism has much importance and Hayek places heavy weight on this distinction in his defence of transitional dictatorship. For example, when Hayek visited Venezuela in May 1981, he was asked to comment on the prevalence of totalitarian regimes in Latin America. In reply, Hayek warned against confusing "totalitarianism with authoritarianism," and said that he was unaware of "any totalitarian governments in Latin America. The only one was Chile under Allende". For Hayek, however, the word 'totalitarian' signifies something very specific: the want to “organize the whole of society” to attain a “definite social goal” —which is stark in contrast to “liberalism and individualism”.

Q1: Hayek believed that authoritarianism was very different from what?
A1: totalitarianism
Q2: What country did Hayek arrive in where he provided his disctinction between totalitarianism and authoritarianism?
A2: Venezuela
Q3: What did Hayek believe to be absent from Latin America?
A3: totalitarian governments
Q4: What is Hayek's definition of totalitarian?
A4: the want to “organize the whole of society” to attain a “definite social goal”
Title: Architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

For Ruskin, the aesthetic was of overriding significance. His work goes on to state that a building is not truly a work of architecture unless it is in some way "adorned". For Ruskin, a well-constructed, well-proportioned, functional building needed string courses or rustication, at the very least.

Q1: Does Ruskin believe all buildings are works of architecture?
A1: not
Q2: What was most significant in architecture according to Ruskin?
A2: the aesthetic
Q3: To be true architecture in Ruskin's opinion what should be done to a structure?
A3: it is in some way "adorned"
Q4: What features at minimum did Ruskin insist on for a building to be considered functional?
A4: string courses or rustication
Title: Alfred_North_Whitehead
Topic: Philosophy and religion

For Whitehead the core of religion was individual. While he acknowledged that individuals cannot ever be fully separated from their society, he argued that life is an internal fact for its own sake before it is an external fact relating to others. His most famous remark on religion is that "religion is what the individual does with his own solitariness ... and if you are never solitary, you are never religious." Whitehead saw religion as a system of general truths that transformed a person's character. He took special care to note that while religion is often a good influence, it is not necessarily good – an idea which he called a "dangerous delusion" (e.g., a religion might encourage the violent extermination of a rival religion's adherents).

Q1: What did Whitehead believe was the basis of religion?
A1: individual
Q2: What is Whitehead's most famous statement on religion?
A2: "religion is what the individual does with his own solitariness ... and if you are never solitary, you are never religious."
Q3: How did Whitehead define religion?
A3: a system of general truths that transformed a person's character
Q4: How did Whitehead define "dangerous delusion" as it relates to religion?
A4: while religion is often a good influence, it is not necessarily good
Title: Guinea-Bissau
Topic: Geography and places

For a brief period in the 1790s, the British tried to establish a rival foothold on an offshore island, at Bolama. But by the 19th century the Portuguese were sufficiently secure in Bissau to regard the neighbouring coastline as their own special territory, also up north in part of present South Senegal.

Q1: Who tried to establish a rival foothold at Bolama?
A1: the British
Q2: When was a rival foothold  attempted at Bolama?
A2: the 1790s
Q3: Who regarded Bolama as their own in the 19th century?
A3: the Portuguese
Q4: What other area did the Portuguese regard as their special territory?
A4: part of present South Senegal
Q5: What rival did the Portuguese fend off in Guinea-Bissau?
A5: the British
Title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308
Topic: History

For a variety of reasons, market participants did not accurately measure the risk inherent with financial innovation such as MBS and CDOs or understand its impact on the overall stability of the financial system. For example, the pricing model for CDOs clearly did not reflect the level of risk they introduced into the system. Banks estimated that $450bn of CDO were sold between "late 2005 to the middle of 2007"; among the $102bn of those that had been liquidated, JPMorgan estimated that the average recovery rate for "high quality" CDOs was approximately 32 cents on the dollar, while the recovery rate for mezzanine CDO was approximately five cents for every dollar.

Q1: What did market participants fail to measure accurately?
A1: risk inherent with financial innovation
Q2: What are the reasons market participants did not understand the impact financial innovation products would have?
A2: a variety of reasons
Q3: How much did JPMorgan estimate was the average recovery rate for high quality CDOs that had been liquidated?
A3: approximately 32 cents on the dollar
Q4: How much did JPMorgan estimate was the average recovery rate for mezzanine CDOs that had been liquidated?
A4: approximately five cents for every dollar
Q5: How much did banks estimate was the value of CDOs sold between late 2005 to the middle of 2007?
A5: $450bn
Title: Mexico_City
Topic: Geography and places

For administrative purposes, the Federal District is divided into 16 "delegaciones" or boroughs. While not fully equivalent to a municipality, the 16 boroughs have gained significant autonomy, and since 2000 their heads of government are elected directly by plurality (they were previously appointed by the head of government of the Federal District). Given that Mexico City is organized entirely as a Federal District, most of the city services are provided or organized by the Government of the Federal District and not by the boroughs themselves, while in the constituent states these services would be provided by the municipalities. The 16 boroughs of the Federal District with their 2010 populations are:

Q1: How many boroughs make up Mexico City?
A1: 16
Q2: How are the heads of the boroughs elected?
A2: plurality
Q3: How were the heads of the boroughs originally established? 
A3: appointed by the head of government of the Federal District
Q4: Who provides the city services?
A4: Government of the Federal District
Q5: When did election of borough heads begin?
A5: 2000
Title: Capacitor
Topic: Engineering and technology

For air dielectric capacitors the breakdown field strength is of the order 2 to 5 MV/m; for mica the breakdown is 100 to 300 MV/m; for oil, 15 to 25 MV/m; it can be much less when other materials are used for the dielectric. The dielectric is used in very thin layers and so absolute breakdown voltage of capacitors is limited. Typical ratings for capacitors used for general electronics applications range from a few volts to 1 kV. As the voltage increases, the dielectric must be thicker, making high-voltage capacitors larger per capacitance than those rated for lower voltages. The breakdown voltage is critically affected by factors such as the geometry of the capacitor conductive parts; sharp edges or points increase the electric field strength at that point and can lead to a local breakdown. Once this starts to happen, the breakdown quickly tracks through the dielectric until it reaches the opposite plate, leaving carbon behind and causing a short (or relatively low resistance) circuit. The results can be explosive as the short in the capacitor draws current from the surrounding circuitry and dissipates the energy.

Q1: What order is the breakdown field strength for air dielectric capacitors of?
A1: of the order 2 to 5 MV/m
Q2: Of what order is the breakdown field strength for mica dielectric capacitors?
A2: 100 to 300 MV/m
Q3: In what way is the dielectric used in order to cause the absolute breakdown voltage of capacitors to be limited?
A3: The dielectric is used in very thin layers
Q4: What is one factor that critically affects the breakdown voltage of the capacitor?
A4: the geometry of the capacitor conductive parts
Q5: What is the difference in the physical attributes of the dielectric used in high voltage capacitors compared to low voltage capacitors?
A5: the dielectric must be thicker
Title: IPod
Topic: Engineering and technology

For all iPods released in 2006 and earlier, some equalizer (EQ) sound settings would distort the bass sound far too easily, even on undemanding songs. This would happen for EQ settings like R&B, Rock, Acoustic, and Bass Booster, because the equalizer amplified the digital audio level beyond the software's limit, causing distortion (clipping) on bass instruments.

Q1: What acoustic element could be distorted by different audio settings in iPods prior to 2007?
A1: Bass
Q2: Name four sound profiles that would result in bass distortion on pre-2007 iPods.
A2: R&B, Rock, Acoustic, and Bass Booster
Q3: What specific problem caused the issue with bass distortion?
A3: clipping
Q4: iPods released before what year had issues with distorted bass?
A4: 2006
Q5: What EQ settings were known to have issues with bass distortion?
A5: R&B, Rock, Acoustic, and Bass Booster
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

For an unprecedented eight consecutive years, from the 2003–04 television season through the 2010–11 season, either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings. The popularity of American Idol however declined, and on May 11, 2015, Fox announced that the series would conclude its run in its fifteenth season.

Q1: What year did FOX announce that American Idol was cancelled?
A1: 2015
Q2: What year did FOX announce the cancellation of American Idol?
A2: 2015
Q3: For how many seasons did American Idol air? 
A3: 15
Q4: How many consecutive years did American Idol been ranked number one in ratings?
A4: eight
Q5: When did Fox announce that American Idol is ending?
A5: May 11, 2015
Title: Brain
Topic: Natural sciences

For any animal, survival requires maintaining a variety of parameters of bodily state within a limited range of variation: these include temperature, water content, salt concentration in the bloodstream, blood glucose levels, blood oxygen level, and others. The ability of an animal to regulate the internal environment of its body—the milieu intérieur, as pioneering physiologist Claude Bernard called it—is known as homeostasis (Greek for "standing still"). Maintaining homeostasis is a crucial function of the brain. The basic principle that underlies homeostasis is negative feedback: any time a parameter diverges from its set-point, sensors generate an error signal that evokes a response that causes the parameter to shift back toward its optimum value. (This principle is widely used in engineering, for example in the control of temperature using a thermostat.)

Q1: Homeostasis is defined as what?
A1: The ability of an animal to regulate the internal environment of its body
Q2: Homeostasis is Greek for what phrase?
A2: "standing still"
Q3: The milieu interieur term was used by what physiologist?
A3: Claude Bernard
Q4: Homeostasis is like what household tool?
A4: a thermostat.
Title: Group_(mathematics)
Topic: Mathematics

For any prime number p, there is also the multiplicative group of integers modulo p. Its elements are the integers 1 to p − 1. The group operation is multiplication modulo p. That is, the usual product is divided by p and the remainder of this division is the result of modular multiplication. For example, if p = 5, there are four group elements 1, 2, 3, 4. In this group, 4 · 4 = 1, because the usual product 16 is equivalent to 1, which divided by 5 yields a remainder of 1. for 5 divides 16 − 1 = 15, denoted

Q1: What term describes the group of integers related to a prime number?
A1: modulo p
Q2: What integers are included in modulo p?
A2: 1 to p − 1
Q3: How many group elements exist if p=5?
A3: four group elements
Title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome
Topic: History

For at least a century before the establishment of the Augustan principate, Jews and Judaism were tolerated in Rome by diplomatic treaty with Judaea's Hellenised elite. Diaspora Jews had much in common with the overwhelmingly Hellenic or Hellenised communities that surrounded them. Early Italian synagogues have left few traces; but one was dedicated in Ostia around the mid-1st century BC and several more are attested during the Imperial period. Judaea's enrollment as a client kingdom in 63 BC increased the Jewish diaspora; in Rome, this led to closer official scrutiny of their religion. Their synagogues were recognised as legitimate collegia by Julius Caesar. By the Augustan era, the city of Rome was home to several thousand Jews. In some periods under Roman rule, Jews were legally exempt from official sacrifice, under certain conditions. Judaism was a superstitio to Cicero, but the Church Father Tertullian described it as religio licita (an officially permitted religion) in contrast to Christianity.

Q1: What means guaranteed the Jews and Judaism in Rome?
A1: treaty
Q2: What religious buildings were established in Rome in the imperial period?
A2: synagogues
Q3: When did Judea become an allied kingdom to Rome?
A3: 63 BC
Q4: Who recognized the Jewish synagogues as being legitimate in Rome?
A4: Julius Caesar
Q5: In contrast to what religion was Judaism acceptable in Rome?
A5: Christianity
Title: Jews
Topic: History

For centuries, Jews worldwide have spoken the local or dominant languages of the regions they migrated to, often developing distinctive dialectal forms or branches that became independent languages. Yiddish is the Judæo-German language developed by Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to Central Europe. Ladino is the Judæo-Spanish language developed by Sephardic Jews who migrated to the Iberian peninsula. Due to many factors, including the impact of the Holocaust on European Jewry, the Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries, and widespread emigration from other Jewish communities around the world, ancient and distinct Jewish languages of several communities, including Judæo-Georgian, Judæo-Arabic, Judæo-Berber, Krymchak, Judæo-Malayalam and many others, have largely fallen out of use.

Q1: What is the Judaeo-German language developed by Ashkenazi Jews who migrated to Central Europe?
A1: Yiddish
Q2: What is the Judaeo-Spanish language developed by Sephardic Jews who migrated to the Iberian peninsula?
A2: Ladino
Q3: Name one reason the ancient and distinct Jewish languages have largely fallen out of use?
A3: Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries
Title: Paris
Topic: Geography and places

For centuries, Paris has attracted artists from around the world, who arrive in the city to educate themselves and to seek inspiration from its vast pool of artistic resources and galleries. As a result, Paris has acquired a reputation as the "City of Art". Italian artists were a profound influence on the development of art in Paris in the 16th and 17th centuries, particularly in sculpture and reliefs. Painting and sculpture became the pride of the French monarchy and the French royals commissioned many Parisian artists to adorn their palaces during the French Baroque and Classicism era. Sculptors such as Girardon, Coysevox and Coustou acquired reputations as the finest artists in the royal court in 17th-century France. Pierre Mignard became the first painter to King Louis XIV during this period. In 1648, the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture) was established to accommodate for the dramatic interest in art in the capital. This served as France's top art school until 1793.

Q1: What art was Paris famous for in the 16th and 17th centuries?
A1: sculpture and reliefs
Q2: Who was the first painter to King Louis XIV?
A2: Pierre Mignard
Q3: In what year was the Academie royale de peinture et de sculpture founded?
A3: 1648
Q4: Until what year was the Academie royale de peinture et de sculpture the top art school?
A4: 1793
Title: Nigeria
Topic: History

For centuries, various peoples in modern-day Nigeria traded overland with traders from North Africa. Cities in the area became regional centres in a broad network of trade routes that spanned western, central and northern Africa. In the 16th century, Spanish and Portuguese explorers were the first Europeans to begin significant, direct trade with peoples of modern-day Nigeria, at the port they named Lagos and in Calabar. Europeans traded goods with peoples at the coast; coastal trade with Europeans also marked the beginnings of the Atlantic slave trade. The port of Calabar on the historical Bight of Biafra (now commonly referred to as the Bight of Bonny) become one of the largest slave trading posts in West Africa in the era of the transatlantic slave trade. Other major slaving ports in Nigeria were located in Badagry, Lagos on the Bight of Benin and on Bonny Island on the Bight of Biafra. The majority of those enslaved and taken to these ports were captured in raids and wars. Usually the captives were taken back to the conquerors' territory as forced labour; after time, they were sometimes acculturated and absorbed into the conquerors' society. A number of slave routes were established throughout Nigeria linking the hinterland areas with the major coastal ports. Some of the more prolific slave traders were linked with the Oyo Empire in the southwest, the Aro Confederacy in the southeast and the Sokoto Caliphate in the north.

Q1: What region has Nigeria traded with for centuries?
A1: North Africa
Q2: Which countries' explorers were the first Europeans to trade with Nigeria?
A2: Spanish and Portuguese
Q3: Calabar is on which historical Bight?
A3: Biafra
Q4: What is the current name of the Bight of Biafra?
A4: Bight of Bonny
Q5: Who were the major slave traders through Nigeria from the southwest?
A5: Oyo Empire
Title: Gramophone_record
Topic: Music

For collectable or nostalgia purposes, or for the benefit of higher-quality audio playback provided by the 78 rpm speed with newer vinyl records and their lightweight stylus pickups, a small number of 78 rpm records have been released since the major labels ceased production. One of the first attempts at this was in the 1950s, when inventor Ewing Dunbar Nunn founded the label Audiophile Records, which released, in addition to standard 33 1/3 rpm LPs, 78 rpm-mastered albums that were microgroove and pressed on vinyl (as opposed to traditional 78s, with their shellac composition and wider 3-mil sized grooves). This was done by the label mainly to take advantage of the wider audio frequency response that faster speeds like 78 rpm can provide for vinyl microgroove records, hence the label's name (obviously catering to the audiophiles of the 1950s "hi-fi" era, when stereo gear could provide a much wider range of audio than before). Also in the late 1950s, Bell Records released a few budget-priced 7" microgrooved records at 78 rpm.

Q1: What are reasons for recent releases of 78 rpm speed vinyls?
A1: collectable or nostalgia purposes
Q2: What is a benefit of newer releases of 78 rpm speed vinyls?
A2: higher-quality audio playback
Q3: Who released 7" microgrooved records in the 1950s?
A3: Bell Records
Q4: What benefits to vinyl have been found in the 1950s?
A4: wider range of audio
Q5: Who founded Audiophile Records?
A5: Ewing Dunbar Nunn
Title: Internet_service_provider
Topic: Engineering and technology

For customers with more demanding requirements (such as medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs) can use higher-speed DSL (such as single-pair high-speed digital subscriber line), Ethernet, metropolitan Ethernet, gigabit Ethernet, Frame Relay, ISDN Primary Rate Interface, ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and synchronous optical networking (SONET).

Q1: What type of customers would typically have more demanding requirements? 
A1: medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs
Q2: what does atm stand for in relation to internet providers? 
A2: Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Q3: what is high-speed dsl used for? 
A3: customers with more demanding requirements
Q4: what is SONET? 
A4: synchronous optical networking
Title: Germans
Topic: Language and literature

For decades after the Second World War, any national symbol or expression was a taboo. However, the Germans are becoming increasingly patriotic. During a study in 2009, in which some 2,000 German citizens age 14 and upwards filled out a questionnaire, nearly 60% of those surveyed agreed with the sentiment "I'm proud to be German." And 78%, if free to choose their nation, would opt for German nationality with "near or absolute certainty". Another study in 2009, carried out by the Identity Foundation in Düsseldorf, showed that 73% of the Germans were proud of their country, twice more than 8 years earlier. According to Eugen Buss, a sociology professor at the University of Hohenheim, there's an ongoing normalisation and more and more Germans are becoming openly proud of their country.

Q1: What percentage of 14 year olds said they were proud to be German in 2009?
A1: 60
Q2: What percentage of 14 year olds in 2009 said they would choose German for their nationality if they got to choose?
A2: 78
Q3: Where does Eugen Buss work?
A3: University of Hohenheim
Title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact
Topic: History

For decades, it was the official policy of the Soviet Union to deny the existence of the secret protocol to the Soviet–German Pact. At the behest of Mikhail Gorbachev, Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev headed a commission investigating the existence of such a protocol. In December 1989, the commission concluded that the protocol had existed and revealed its findings to the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union. As a result, the Congress passed the declaration confirming the existence of the secret protocols, condemning and denouncing them. Both successor-states of the pact parties have declared the secret protocols to be invalid from the moment they were signed. The Federal Republic of Germany declared this on September 1, 1989 and the Soviet Union on December 24, 1989, following an examination of the microfilmed copy of the German originals.

Q1: Who created an investigation into whether or not the Soviet-German Pact happened?
A1: Mikhail Gorbachev, Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev
Q2: Which states have argued that the Soviet-German Pact was invalid from the inception?
A2: Both successor-states of the pact parties
Q3: Which government agency received the news that the Soviet-German Pact had existed?
A3: Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union