LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Antarctica
Topic: Natural sciences

As a result of continued warming, the polar ice caps melted and much of Gondwana became a desert. In Eastern Antarctica, seed ferns or pteridosperms became abundant and large amounts of sandstone and shale were laid down at this time. Synapsids, commonly known as "mammal-like reptiles", were common in Antarctica during the Early Triassic and included forms such as Lystrosaurus. The Antarctic Peninsula began to form during the Jurassic period (206–146 Ma), and islands gradually rose out of the ocean. Ginkgo trees, conifers, bennettites, horsetails, ferns and cycads were plentiful during this period. In West Antarctica, coniferous forests dominated through the entire Cretaceous period (146–66 Ma), though southern beech became more prominent towards the end of this period. Ammonites were common in the seas around Antarctica, and dinosaurs were also present, though only three Antarctic dinosaur genera (Cryolophosaurus and Glacialisaurus, from the Hanson Formation, and Antarctopelta) have been described to date. It was during this era that Gondwana began to break up.

Q1: What did most of Gondwana become when the polar ice melted?
A1: desert
Q2: What plants were abundant during this time?
A2: pteridosperms
Q3: What type of reptiles were common during the early Triassic?
A3: Synapsids
Q4: When did the Antarctic peninsula form?
A4: Jurassic period
Q5: During what period did Gondwana begin to break apart?
A5: Cretaceous
Title: Egypt
Topic: Geography and places

As a result of modernisation efforts over the years, Egypt's healthcare system has made great strides forward. Access to healthcare in both urban and rural areas greatly improved and immunisation programs are now able to cover 98% of the population. Life expectancy increased from 44.8 years during the 1960s to 72.12 years in 2009. There was a noticeable decline of the infant mortality rate (during the 1970s to the 1980s the infant mortality rate was 101-132/1000 live births, in 2000 the rate was 50-60/1000, and in 2008 it was 28-30/1000).

Q1: What trend has Egypt healthcare made recently?
A1: great strides forward
Q2: How much of ppopulation can be covered by immunization programs?
A2: 98%
Q3: What was life expectancy in 1960s?
A3: 44.8 years
Q4: What was the life expectancy in 2009?
A4: 72.12 years
Q5: What direction has infant mortality rate taken?
A5: noticeable decline
Title: Iran
Topic: Geography and places

As a result of the 19th century Russo-Persian wars, the Russians took over the Caucasus, and Iran irrevocably lost control over its integral territories in the region (comprising modern-day Dagestan, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan), which got confirmed per the treaties of Gulistan and Turkmenchay. The area to the north of the river Aras, among which the contemporary Republic of Azerbaijan, eastern Georgia, Dagestan, and Armenia, were Iranian territory until they were occupied by Russia in the course of the 19th century.

Q1: What wars resulted in Iran losing control of the Caucasus to the Russians?
A1: the 19th century Russo-Persian wars
Q2: What region consisting of Dagestan, Georgia, Armenia, & Azerbaijan did Iran lose control of to the Russians?
A2: the Caucasus
Q3: The Gulistan and Turkmenchay treaties between Iran and Russia confirmed what?
A3: Iran irrevocably lost control over its integral territories in the region
Q4: What century did Iran lose the Caucasus to Russia?
A4: the 19th century
Title: Military_history_of_the_United_States
Topic: History

As a result of the Libyan Civil War, the United Nations enacted United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, which imposed a no-fly zone over Libya, and the protection of civilians from the forces of Muammar Gaddafi. The United States, along with Britain, France and several other nations, committed a coalition force against Gaddafi's forces. On 19 March, the first U.S. action was taken when 114 Tomahawk missiles launched by US and UK warships destroyed shoreline air defenses of the Gaddafi regime. The U.S. continued to play a major role in Operation Unified Protector, the NATO-directed mission that eventually incorporated all of the military coalition's actions in the theater. Throughout the conflict however, the U.S. maintained it was playing a supporting role only and was following the UN mandate to protect civilians, while the real conflict was between Gaddafi's loyalists and Libyan rebels fighting to depose him. During the conflict, American drones were also deployed.

Q1: What declaration established a no-fly zone over Libya?
A1: United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973
Q2: What is the name of the Libyan leader opposed by US and UN forces?
A2: Muammar Gaddafi
Q3: What was the name of the military action against Libya?
A3: Operation Unified Protector
Q4: What was the goal of this operation?
A4: to protect civilians
Q5: The Libyan conflict was primarily fought between which groups?
A5: Gaddafi's loyalists and Libyan rebels fighting to depose him
Title: Estonia
Topic: Geography and places

As a result of the abolition of serfdom and the availability of education to the native Estonian-speaking population, an active Estonian nationalist movement developed in the 19th century.[citation needed] It began on a cultural level, resulting in the establishment of Estonian language literature, theatre and professional music and led on to the formation of the Estonian national identity and the Age of Awakening. Among the leaders of the movement were Johann Voldemar Jannsen, Jakob Hurt and Carl Robert Jakobson.

Q1: What form of servitude was eliminated?
A1: serfdom
Q2: When did the Estonian nationalist movement begin?
A2: 19th century
Q3: The development of Estonian national identity was accompanied with what era?
A3: the Age of Awakening
Q4: Who were the leaders of the Age of Awakening?
A4: Johann Voldemar Jannsen, Jakob Hurt and Carl Robert Jakobson.
Title: Portugal
Topic: Geography and places

As a result of the change in its status and the arrival of the Portuguese royal family, Brazilian administrative, civic, economical, military, educational, and scientific apparatus were expanded and highly modernized. Portuguese and their allied British troops fought against the French Invasion of Portugal and by 1815 the situation in Europe had cooled down sufficiently that João VI would have been able to return safely to Lisbon. However, the King of Portugal remained in Brazil until the Liberal Revolution of 1820, which started in Porto, demanded his return to Lisbon in 1821.

Q1: What provoked the modernization and expansion of the Brazilian administrative, civic, economical, military, educational, and scientific apparatus?
A1: the change in its status and the arrival of the Portuguese royal family
Q2: Portugese and British troops fought against the invasion of which country?
A2: French
Q3: By what year had the situation in Europe cool down enough so that Joao VI would have been able to safely return to Lisbon?
A3: 1815
Q4: Until when did the King of Portugal remain in Brazil?
A4: until the Liberal Revolution of 1820
Q5: Where did the Liberal Revolution of 1820 begin?
A5: Porto
Title: Hellenistic_period
Topic: History

As a result of the confusion in Greece at the end of the Second Macedonian War, the Seleucid Empire also became entangled with the Romans. The Seleucid Antiochus III had allied with Philip V of Macedon in 203 BC, agreeing that they should jointly conquer the lands of the boy-king of Egypt, Ptolemy V. After defeating Ptolemy in the Fifth Syrian War, Antiochus concentrated on occupying the Ptolemaic possessions in Asia Minor. However, this brought Antiochus into conflict with Rhodes and Pergamum, two important Roman allies, and began a 'cold war' between Rome and Antiochus (not helped by the presence of Hannibal at the Seleucid court). Meanwhile, in mainland Greece, the Aetolian League, which had sided with Rome against Macedon, now grew to resent the Roman presence in Greece. This presented Antiochus III with a pretext to invade Greece and 'liberate' it from Roman influence, thus starting the Roman-Syrian War (192–188 BC). In 191 BC, the Romans under Manius Acilius Glabrio routed him at Thermopylae and obliged him to withdraw to Asia. During the course of this war Roman troops moved into Asia for the first time, where they defeated Antiochus again at the Battle of Magnesia (190 BC). A crippling treaty was imposed on Antiochus, with Seleucid possessions in Asia Minor removed and given to Rhodes and Pergamum, the size of the Seleucid navy reduced, and a massive war indemnity invoked.

Q1: Antiochus III allied with what king in 203 BC?
A1: Philip V
Q2: Who defeated Ptolemy?
A2: Antiochus
Q3: In what war was Ptolemy defeated?
A3: Fifth Syrian War
Q4: What war bgean when Antiochus III invaded Greece?
A4: Roman-Syrian War
Q5: What years did the Roman-Syrian war take place?
A5: 192–188 BC
Title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake
Topic: Natural sciences

As a result of the magnitude 7.9 earthquake and the many strong aftershocks, many rivers became blocked by large landslides, which resulted in the formation of "quake lakes" behind the blockages; these massive amounts of water were pooling up at a very high rate behind the natural landslide dams and it was feared that the blockages would eventually crumble under the weight of the ever-increasing water mass, potentially endangering the lives of millions of people living downstream. As of May 27, 2008, 34 lakes had formed due to earthquake debris blocking and damming rivers, and it was estimated that 28 of them were still of potential danger to the local people. Entire villages had to be evacuated because of the resultant flooding.

Q1: What formed behind blockages?
A1: quake lakes
Q2: How many quake lakes formed?
A2: 34
Q3: How many of the lakes were a danger to people?
A3: 28
Q4: What was the magnitude of the Sichuan earthquake?
A4: 7.9
Q5: What blocked many of the area's rivers?
A5: large landslides
Q6: What formed behind the blocked rivers?
A6: quake lakes
Q7: By May 27, how many earthquake lakes had formed up behind landslide debris?
A7: 34
Q8: What had to be evacuated due to potential flooding?
A8: Entire villages
Title: Hunter-gatherer
Topic: Natural sciences

As a result of the now near-universal human reliance upon agriculture, the few contemporary hunter-gatherer cultures usually live in areas unsuitable for agricultural use.

Q1: What type of areas do modern hunter-gathers live in?
A1: unsuitable for agricultural use
Q2: How many modern hunter-gatherer cultures are there?
A2: few
Q3: What do people basically rely on now?
A3: agriculture
Q4: Who lives in areas not usable for agriculture?
A4: hunter-gatherer cultures
Q5: What kind of food production is worldwide now?
A5: reliance upon agriculture
Title: History_of_India
Topic: History

As a result of the three Carnatic Wars, the British East India Company gained exclusive control over the entire Carnatic region of India. The Company soon expanded its territories around its bases in Bombay and Madras; the Anglo-Mysore Wars (1766–1799) and later the Anglo-Maratha Wars (1772–1818) led to control of the vast regions of India. Ahom Kingdom of North-east India first fell to Burmese invasion and then to British after Treaty of Yandabo in 1826. Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, and Kashmir were annexed after the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849; however, Kashmir was immediately sold under the Treaty of Amritsar to the Dogra Dynasty of Jammu and thereby became a princely state. The border dispute between Nepal and British India, which sharpened after 1801, had caused the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814–16 and brought the defeated Gurkhas under British influence. In 1854, Berar was annexed, and the state of Oudh was added two years later.

Q1: What whole region did the East India company get control over after the Carnatic Wars?
A1: Carnatic
Q2: During what time were the Anglo-Mysore Wars?
A2: 1766–1799
Q3: When were the Anglo-Maratha Wars fought?
A3: 1772–1818
Q4: To what dynasty was Kashmir sold in 1849?
A4: Dogra Dynasty of Jammu
Q5: After the sale of Kashmir, what did the area become?
A5: princely state
Title: Florida
Topic: Geography and places

As a result of these initiatives northeastern Florida prospered economically in a way it never did under Spanish rule. Furthermore, the British governors were directed to call general assemblies as soon as possible in order to make laws for the Floridas and in the meantime they were, with the advice of councils, to establish courts. This would be the first introduction of much of the English-derived legal system which Florida still has today including trial by jury, habeas corpus and county-based government. Neither East Florida nor West Florida would send any representatives to Philadelphia to draft the Declaration of Independence. Florida would remain a Loyalist stronghold for the duration of the American Revolution.

Q1: What legal system was introduced by the British in Florida 
A1: British governors were directed to call general assemblies
Q2: Did Florida send Representatives to Philadelphia for the Declaration of Independence 
A2: Neither East Florida nor West Florida would send any representatives to Philadelphia to draft the Declaration of Independence
Q3: Who did Florida side with during the revolution
A3: Florida would remain a Loyalist stronghold for the duration of the American Revolution.
Q4: What legal system is still used by florida 
A4: English-derived legal system which Florida still has today including trial by jury, habeas corpus and county-based government
Title: Compact_disc
Topic: Engineering and technology

As a result, in 1979, Sony and Philips set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc. Led by engineers Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi, the research pushed forward laser and optical disc technology. After a year of experimentation and discussion, the task force produced the Red Book CD-DA standard. First published in 1980, the standard was formally adopted by the IEC as an international standard in 1987, with various amendments becoming part of the standard in 1996.

Q1: In what year did Sony and Philips band together to design a new digital audio disc?
A1: 1979
Q2: What year was the Red Book CD-DA standard released?
A2: 1980
Q3: When did the IEC isntigate the Red Book CD-DA as an international standard?
A3: 1987
Q4: Who headed the 1979 Sony and Philips digital audio disc task force?
A4: Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Topic: Media and drama

As a result, they broke up in 1979, but remained close friends. Then in 1984 they renewed their romance, and in November 1985, they married, already having had a son, Max Samuel. After three and a half years of marriage, however, many of the same competing stresses of their careers caused them to divorce in 1989. They agreed to maintain homes near each other as to facilitate the shared custody and parenting of their son.:403 Their divorce was recorded as the third most costly celebrity divorce in history.

Q1: When did Spielberg and Irving initially break up?
A1: 1979
Q2: When did Spielberg and Irving get back together?
A2: 1984
Q3: When did Spielberg and Irving marry?
A3: November 1985
Q4: When did Spielberg and Irving divorce?
A4: 1989
Q5: How expensive was Spielberg and Irving's divorce?
A5: third most costly celebrity divorce in history
Title: Muammar_Gaddafi
Topic: History

As a schoolboy, Gaddafi adopted the ideologies of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, influenced in particular by Nasserism, the thought of Egyptian revolutionary and president Gamal Abdel Nasser, whom Gaddafi adopted as his hero. During the early 1970s, Gaddafi formulated his own particular approach to Arab nationalism and socialism, known as Third International Theory, which has been described as a combination of "utopian socialism, Arab nationalism, and the Third World revolutionary theory that was in vogue at the time". He laid out the principles of this Theory in the three volumes of The Green Book, in which he sought to "explain the structure of the ideal society." His Arab nationalist views led him to believe that there needed to be unity across the Arab world, combining the Arab nation under a single nation-state. He described his approach to economics as "Islamic socialism", although biographers Blundy and Lycett noted that Gaddafi's socialism had a "curiously Marxist undertone", with political scientist Sami Hajjar arguing that Gaddafi's model of socialism offered a simplification of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels' theories. Gaddafi saw his socialist Jamahiriyah as a model for the Arab, Islamic, and non-aligned worlds to follow.

Q1: What philosophy was named for Gamal Abdel Nasser?
A1: Nasserism
Q2: What did Gaddafi call his political philosophy created in the 1970s?
A2: Third International Theory
Q3: What philosophy was combined with socialism and nationalism to form Third International Theory?
A3: Third World revolutionary theory
Q4: The Green Book consisted of how many volumes?
A4: three
Q5: What is the occupation of Sami Hajjar?
A5: political scientist
Title: Brain
Topic: Natural sciences

As a side effect of the electrochemical processes used by neurons for signaling, brain tissue generates electric fields when it is active. When large numbers of neurons show synchronized activity, the electric fields that they generate can be large enough to detect outside the skull, using electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG). EEG recordings, along with recordings made from electrodes implanted inside the brains of animals such as rats, show that the brain of a living animal is constantly active, even during sleep. Each part of the brain shows a mixture of rhythmic and nonrhythmic activity, which may vary according to behavioral state. In mammals, the cerebral cortex tends to show large slow delta waves during sleep, faster alpha waves when the animal is awake but inattentive, and chaotic-looking irregular activity when the animal is actively engaged in a task. During an epileptic seizure, the brain's inhibitory control mechanisms fail to function and electrical activity rises to pathological levels, producing EEG traces that show large wave and spike patterns not seen in a healthy brain. Relating these population-level patterns to the computational functions of individual neurons is a major focus of current research in neurophysiology.

Q1: An EEG of the brain stands for what?
A1: electroencephalography
Q2: MEG of the brain is an abbreviation of what?
A2: magnetoencephalography
Q3: What type of test is used to tell that a brain is active even during sleep?
A3: EEG
Q4: What type of brain waves are seen in mammals during sleep?
A4: large slow delta waves
Q5: What type of brain waves are sen when a creature is awake, but inattentive?
A5: faster alpha waves
Title: Avicenna
Topic: Language and literature

As a teenager, he was greatly troubled by the Metaphysics of Aristotle, which he could not understand until he read al-Farabi's commentary on the work. For the next year and a half, he studied philosophy, in which he encountered greater obstacles. In such moments of baffled inquiry, he would leave his books, perform the requisite ablutions, then go to the mosque, and continue in prayer till light broke on his difficulties. Deep into the night, he would continue his studies, and even in his dreams problems would pursue him and work out their solution. Forty times, it is said, he read through the Metaphysics of Aristotle, till the words were imprinted on his memory; but their meaning was hopelessly obscure, until one day they found illumination, from the little commentary by Farabi, which he bought at a bookstall for the small sum of three dirhams. So great was his joy at the discovery, made with the help of a work from which he had expected only mystery, that he hastened to return thanks to God, and bestowed alms upon the poor.

Q1: What text could Avicenna not understand?
A1: the Metaphysics of Aristotle
Q2: What helped Avicenna understand the Metaphysics of Aristotle?
A2: al-Farabi's commentary
Q3: How long did Avicenna study philosophy?
A3: year and a half
Q4: How many times did Avicenna read through the Metaphysics of Aristotle?
A4: Forty times
Q5: How much did Avicenna pay for the book that helped him understand the Aristotle text?
A5: three dirhams
Title: United_States_Army
Topic: History

As a uniformed military service, the Army is part of the Department of the Army, which is one of the three military departments of the Department of Defense. The U.S. Army is headed by a civilian senior appointed civil servant, the Secretary of the Army (SECARMY), and by a chief military officer, the Chief of Staff of the Army (CSA) who is also a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In the fiscal year 2016, the projected end strength for the Regular Army (USA) was 475,000 soldiers; the Army National Guard (ARNG) had 342,000 soldiers, and the United States Army Reserve (USAR) had 198,000 soldiers; the combined-component strength of the U.S. Army was 1,015,000 soldiers. As a branch of the armed forces, the mission of the U.S. Army is "to fight and win our Nation's wars, by providing prompt, sustained, land dominance, across the full range of military operations and the spectrum of conflict, in support of combatant commanders." The service participates in conflicts worldwide and is the major ground-based offensive and defensive force.

Q1: How many military departments does the Department of Defense have?
A1: three
Q2: What does SECARMY stand for?
A2: Secretary of the Army
Q3: What does CSA stand for?
A3: Chief of Staff of the Army
Q4: At the end of 2016, how many soldiers were in the Regular Army?
A4: 475,000
Q5: How many soldiers were there in the entire U.S. Army at the end of 2016?
A5: 1,015,000
Title: Alexander_Graham_Bell
Topic: Engineering and technology

As a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, however, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at age 15, completing only the first four forms. His school record was undistinguished, marked by absenteeism and lacklustre grades. His main interest remained in the sciences, especially biology, while he treated other school subjects with indifference, to the dismay of his demanding father. Upon leaving school, Bell travelled to London to live with his grandfather, Alexander Bell. During the year he spent with his grandfather, a love of learning was born, with long hours spent in serious discussion and study. The elder Bell took great efforts to have his young pupil learn to speak clearly and with conviction, the attributes that his pupil would need to become a teacher himself. At age 16, Bell secured a position as a "pupil-teacher" of elocution and music, in Weston House Academy, at Elgin, Moray, Scotland. Although he was enrolled as a student in Latin and Greek, he instructed classes himself in return for board and £10 per session. The following year, he attended the University of Edinburgh; joining his older brother Melville who had enrolled there the previous year. In 1868, not long before he departed for Canada with his family, Bell completed his matriculation exams and was accepted for admission to the University of London.

Q1: Who taught Bell when he was very young?
A1: father
Q2: What school did Bell leave at 15?
A2: Royal High School
Q3: What was Bell's favorite subject?
A3: biology
Q4: How old was Bell when he became a "pupil-teacher"?
A4: 16
Title: Literature
Topic: Language and literature

As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries. Now, science appears mostly in journals. Scientific works of Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton still exhibit great value, but since the science in them has largely become outdated, they no longer serve for scientific instruction. Yet, they remain too technical to sit well in most programmes of literary study. Outside of "history of science" programmes, students rarely read such works.

Q1: What two elements have reduced the literary nature of scientific journals?
A1: advances and specialization
Q2: The segregation of science writing means that articles in those subjects primarily appear where?
A2: journals
Q3: The work of what classical scientists is caught between being outdated and of literary importance?
A3: Aristotle, Copernicus, and Newton
Q4: In what coursework is one still likely to encounter the works of these classic scientists?
A4: "history of science" programmes
Title: Anti-aircraft_warfare
Topic: Warfare

As aircraft started to be used against ground targets on the battlefield, the AA guns could not be traversed quickly enough at close targets and, being relatively few, were not always in the right place (and were often unpopular with other troops), so changed positions frequently. Soon the forces were adding various machine-gun based weapons mounted on poles. These short-range weapons proved more deadly, and the "Red Baron" is believed to have been shot down by an anti-aircraft Vickers machine gun. When the war ended, it was clear that the increasing capabilities of aircraft would require better means of acquiring targets and aiming at them. Nevertheless, a pattern had been set: anti-aircraft weapons would be based around heavy weapons attacking high-altitude targets and lighter weapons for use when they came to lower altitudes.

Q1: What was many times unpopular with other troops?
A1: AA guns
Q2: What was mounted on poles by forces?
A2: machine-gun based weapons
Q3: What type of weapon is thought to have shot down the Red Baron?
A3: anti-aircraft Vickers machine gun
Q4: What made acquiring targets and aiming more required?
A4: increasing capabilities of aircraft
Q5: Heavy weapons shot at high-altitude targets and what shot at low-altitude targets?
A5: lighter weapons
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

As an academic field, history of science began with the publication of William Whewell's History of the Inductive Sciences (first published in 1837). A more formal study of the history of science as an independent discipline was launched by George Sarton's publications, Introduction to the History of Science (1927) and the Isis journal (founded in 1912). Sarton exemplified the early 20th-century view of the history of science as the history of great men and great ideas. He shared with many of his contemporaries a Whiggish belief in history as a record of the advances and delays in the march of progress. The history of science was not a recognized subfield of American history in this period, and most of the work was carried out by interested scientists and physicians rather than professional historians. With the work of I. Bernard Cohen at Harvard, the history of science became an established subdiscipline of history after 1945.

Q1: What text is the foundation of the study of the history of science?
A1: History of the Inductive Sciences
Q2: Who wrote a more professional version of History of the Inductive Sciences?
A2: George Sarton's
Q3: What was the history of science during the 20th century?
A3: the history of great men and great ideas
Q4: How could Sarton's ideas be described?
A4: Whiggish
Q5: Who studied the history of science?
A5: interested scientists and physicians
Title: Education
Topic: Philosophy and religion

As an academic field, philosophy of education is "the philosophical study of education and its problems (...) its central subject matter is education, and its methods are those of philosophy". "The philosophy of education may be either the philosophy of the process of education or the philosophy of the discipline of education. That is, it may be part of the discipline in the sense of being concerned with the aims, forms, methods, or results of the process of educating or being educated; or it may be metadisciplinary in the sense of being concerned with the concepts, aims, and methods of the discipline." As such, it is both part of the field of education and a field of applied philosophy, drawing from fields of metaphysics, epistemology, axiology and the philosophical approaches (speculative, prescriptive, and/or analytic) to address questions in and about pedagogy, education policy, and curriculum, as well as the process of learning, to name a few. For example, it might study what constitutes upbringing and education, the values and norms revealed through upbringing and educational practices, the limits and legitimization of education as an academic discipline, and the relation between education theory and practice.

Q1: What can Philosophy education be when we talk about the process?
A1: philosophy of the process of education or the philosophy of the discipline of education
Q2: What defines Philosophy education?
A2: the philosophical study of education and its problems
Q3: What fields make up field education and a field applied philosophy?
A3: metaphysics, epistemology, axiology and the philosophical approaches
Title: Dominican_Order
Topic: Philosophy and religion

As an adolescent, he had a particular love of theology and the Scriptures became the foundation of his spirituality. During his studies in Palencia, Spain, he experienced a dreadful famine, prompting Dominic to sell all of his beloved books and other equipment to help his neighbors. After he completed his studies, Bishop Martin Bazan and Prior Diego d'Achebes appointed Dominic to the cathedral chapter and he became a regular canon under the Rule of St. Augustine and the Constitutions for the cathedral church of Osma. At the age of twenty-four or twenty-five, he was ordained to the priesthood.

Q1: What subject did Dominic particularly love?
A1: theology
Q2: Why did Dominic sell his books?
A2: to help his neighbors
Q3: In what country did Dominic experience a great famine?
A3: Spain
Q4: At around what age was Dominic ordained as a Priest?
A4: twenty-five
Q5: After completing his studies, under whose rule did he become a regular canon?
A5: St. Augustine
Title: Antenna_(radio)
Topic: Engineering and technology

As an electro-magnetic wave travels through the different parts of the antenna system (radio, feed line, antenna, free space) it may encounter differences in impedance (E/H, V/I, etc.). At each interface, depending on the impedance match, some fraction of the wave's energy will reflect back to the source, forming a standing wave in the feed line. The ratio of maximum power to minimum power in the wave can be measured and is called the standing wave ratio (SWR). A SWR of 1:1 is ideal. A SWR of 1.5:1 is considered to be marginally acceptable in low power applications where power loss is more critical, although an SWR as high as 6:1 may still be usable with the right equipment. Minimizing impedance differences at each interface (impedance matching) will reduce SWR and maximize power transfer through each part of the antenna system.

Q1: What is one piece that makes up an antenna system?
A1: radio
Q2: What is created by a portion of a radio waves energy reversing?
A2: standing wave
Q3: A term that refers to the highs and lows of power in electro magnetic waves is?
A3: standing wave ratio
Q4: Impedance matching makes an important difference in what antenna function?
A4: power transfer
Title: Galicia_(Spain)
Topic: Geography and places

As an example, Santiago de Compostela, the political capital city, has an average of 129 rainy days and 1,362 millimetres (53.6 in) per year (with just 17 rainy days in the three summer months) and 2,101 sunlight hours per year, with just 6 days with frosts per year. But the colder city of Lugo, to the east, has an average of 1,759 sunlight hours per year, 117 days with precipitations (> 1 mm) totalling 901.54 millimetres (35.5 in), and 40 days with frosts per year. The more mountainous parts of the provinces of Ourense and Lugo receive significant snowfall during the winter months. The sunniest city is Pontevedra with 2,223 sunny hours per year.

Q1: What is the political capital city?
A1: Santiago de Compostela
Q2: How many rainy days does it typically have?
A2: 129
Q3: How many days with frosts?
A3: 6
Q4: A colder city like Lugo has how many days with frosts?
A4: 40
Q5: Its sunniest city, Pontevedra, gets how may hours of sunlight per year?
A5: 2,223
Title: Hanover
Topic: History

As an important railroad and road junction and production center, Hanover was a major target for strategic bombing during World War II, including the Oil Campaign. Targets included the AFA (Stöcken), the Deurag-Nerag refinery (Misburg), the Continental plants (Vahrenwald and Limmer), the United light metal works (VLW) in Ricklingen and Laatzen (today Hanover fairground), the Hanover/Limmer rubber reclamation plant, the Hanomag factory (Linden) and the tank factory M.N.H. Maschinenfabrik Niedersachsen (Badenstedt). Forced labourers were sometimes used from the Hannover-Misburg subcamp of the Neuengamme concentration camp. Residential areas were also targeted, and more than 6,000 civilians were killed by the Allied bombing raids. More than 90% of the city center was destroyed in a total of 88 bombing raids. After the war, the Aegidienkirche was not rebuilt and its ruins were left as a war memorial.

Q1: Other than for railroads and road junction, what did Hanover have that made it a major target?
A1: production center
Q2: Which campaign specifically was Hanover a target for in World War II?
A2: Oil Campaign
Q3: What does VLW stand for?
A3: United light metal works
Q4: How many civilians were killed in the Allied bombing raids in World War II?
A4: more than 6,000
Q5: How many bombing raids were there during World War II?
A5: 88
Title: Korean_War
Topic: Warfare

As an initial response, Truman called for a naval blockade of North Korea, and was shocked to learn that such a blockade could be imposed only 'on paper', since the U.S. Navy no longer had the warships with which to carry out his request. In fact, because of the extensive defense cuts and the emphasis placed on building a nuclear bomber force, none of the services were in a position to make a robust response with conventional military strength. General Omar Bradley, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, was faced with re-organizing and deploying an American military force that was a shadow of its World War II counterpart. The impact of the Truman administration's defense budget cutbacks were now keenly felt, as American troops fought a series of costly rearguard actions. Lacking sufficient anti-tank weapons, artillery or armor, they were driven back down the Korean peninsula to Pusan. In a postwar analysis of the unpreparedness of U.S. Army forces deployed to Korea during the summer and fall of 1950, Army Major General Floyd L. Parks stated that "Many who never lived to tell the tale had to fight the full range of ground warfare from offensive to delaying action, unit by unit, man by man ... [T]hat we were able to snatch victory from the jaws of defeat ... does not relieve us from the blame of having placed our own flesh and blood in such a predicament."

Q1: Why was the US naval blockade not feasible?
A1: U.S. Navy no longer had the warships
Q2: Why was the US not able to provide an adequate response to the Korean invasion?
A2: defense budget cutbacks
Q3: Who was tasked with reorganization and deploying of the US military?
A3: General Omar Bradley
Q4: Who was forced to retreat back to the Pusan Peninsula due to unpreparedness?
A4: American troops
Q5: Who stated that winning the war does not excuse putting US troops into a bad situation?
A5: Major General Floyd L. Parks
Title: Race_(human_categorization)
Topic: Natural sciences

As another example, she points to work by Thomas et al., who sought to distinguish between the Y chromosomes of Jewish priests (Kohanim), (in Judaism, membership in the priesthood is passed on through the father's line) and the Y chromosomes of non-Jews. Abu el-Haj concluded that this new "race science" calls attention to the importance of "ancestry" (narrowly defined, as it does not include all ancestors) in some religions and in popular culture, and people's desire to use science to confirm their claims about ancestry; this "race science", she argues, is fundamentally different from older notions of race that were used to explain differences in human behaviour or social status:

Q1: Thomas and others sought to distinguish between what chromosome of Jewish priests and that of non-Jews?
A1: Y
Q2: What does the new "race science" call attention to the importance of?
A2: ancestry
Q3: What do people desire to use science to confirm?
A3: their claims about ancestry
Q4: What is fundamentally different from older notions of race?
A4: race science
Q5: How were older notions of race used?
A5: to explain differences in human behaviour or social status
Title: Pacific_War
Topic: History

As anticipated by Nimitz, the Japanese fleet arrived off Midway on 4 June and was spotted by PBY patrol aircraft. Nagumo executed a first strike against Midway, while Fletcher launched his aircraft, bound for Nagumo's carriers. At 09:20 the first U.S. carrier aircraft arrived, TBD Devastator torpedo bombers from Hornet, but their attacks were poorly coordinated and ineffectual; thanks in part to faulty aerial torpedoes, they failed to score a single hit and all 15 were wiped out by defending Zero fighters. At 09:35, 15 additional TBDs from Enterprise attacked in which 14 were lost, again with no hits. Thus far, Fletcher's attacks had been disorganized and seemingly ineffectual, but they succeeded in drawing Nagumo's defensive fighters down to sea level where they expended much of their fuel and ammunition repulsing the two waves of torpedo bombers. As a result, when U.S. dive bombers arrived at high altitude, the Zeros were poorly positioned to defend. To make matters worse, Nagumo's four carriers had drifted out of formation in their efforts to avoid torpedoes, reducing the concentration of their anti-aircraft fire. Nagumo's indecision had also created confusion aboard his carriers. Alerted to the need of a second strike on Midway, but also wary of the need to deal with the American carriers that he now knew were in the vicinity, Nagumo twice changed the arming orders for his aircraft. As a result, the American dive bombers found the Japanese carriers with their decks cluttered with munitions as the crews worked hastily to properly re-arm their air groups.

Q1: When did the Japanese fleet arrive off Midway?
A1: 4 June
Q2: How many TBD Devastator torpedo bombers were lauched from the Hornet?
A2: 15
Q3: How many carriers did Nagumo have at the Battle of Midway?
A3: four
Q4: How many times did Nagumo change orders for arming his aircraft?
A4: twice
Q5: What were on the decks of the Japanese aircraft carriers when the American dive bobers attacked?
A5: munitions
Title: Samurai
Topic: Language and literature

As aristocrats for centuries, samurai developed their own cultures that influenced Japanese culture as a whole. The culture associated with the samurai such as the tea ceremony, monochrome ink painting, rock gardens and poetry were adopted by warrior patrons throughout the centuries 1200–1600. These practices were adapted from the Chinese arts. Zen monks introduced them to Japan and they were allowed to flourish due to the interest of powerful warrior elites. Musō Soseki (1275–1351) was a Zen monk who was advisor to both Emperor Go-Daigo and General Ashikaga Takauji (1304–58). Musō, as well as other monks, acted as political and cultural diplomat between Japan and China. Musō was particularly well known for his garden design. Another Ashikaga patron of the arts was Yoshimasa. His cultural advisor, the Zen monk Zeami, introduced tea ceremony to him. Previously, tea had been used primarily for Buddhist monks to stay awake during meditation.

Q1: Whose culture included tea ceremonies?
A1: samurai
Q2: What kind of painting did samurai do?
A2: monochrome ink
Q3: What was Japanese culture influenced by?
A3: Chinese arts
Q4: Who brought Chinese arts to Japan?
A4: Zen monks
Q5: When was Muso Soseki born?
A5: 1275
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame
Topic: Geography and places

As at most other universities, Notre Dame's students run a number of news media outlets. The nine student-run outlets include three newspapers, both a radio and television station, and several magazines and journals. Begun as a one-page journal in September 1876, the Scholastic magazine is issued twice monthly and claims to be the oldest continuous collegiate publication in the United States. The other magazine, The Juggler, is released twice a year and focuses on student literature and artwork. The Dome yearbook is published annually. The newspapers have varying publication interests, with The Observer published daily and mainly reporting university and other news, and staffed by students from both Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College. Unlike Scholastic and The Dome, The Observer is an independent publication and does not have a faculty advisor or any editorial oversight from the University. In 1987, when some students believed that The Observer began to show a conservative bias, a liberal newspaper, Common Sense was published. Likewise, in 2003, when other students believed that the paper showed a liberal bias, the conservative paper Irish Rover went into production. Neither paper is published as often as The Observer; however, all three are distributed to all students. Finally, in Spring 2008 an undergraduate journal for political science research, Beyond Politics, made its debut.

Q1: How many student news papers are found at Notre Dame?
A1: three
Q2: When did the Scholastic Magazine of Notre dame begin publishing?
A2: September 1876
Q3: How often is Notre Dame's the Juggler published?
A3: twice
Q4: What is the daily student paper at Notre Dame called?
A4: The Observer
Q5: In what year did the student paper Common Sense begin publication at Notre Dame?
A5: 1987
Title: Letter_case
Topic: Language and literature

As briefly discussed in Unicode Technical Note #26, "In terms of implementation issues, any attempt at a unification of Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would wreak havoc [and] make casing operations an unholy mess, in effect making all casing operations context sensitive […]". In other words, while the shapes of letters like A, B, E, H, K, M, O, P, T, X, Y and so on are shared between the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic alphabets (and small differences in their canonical forms may be considered to be of a merely typographical nature), it would still be problematic for a multilingual character set or a font to provide only a single codepoint for, say, uppercase letter B, as this would make it quite difficult for a wordprocessor to change that single uppercase letter to one of the three different choices for the lower-case letter, b (Latin), β (Greek), or в (Cyrillic). Without letter case, a "unified European alphabet" – such as ABБCГDΔΕZЄЗFΦGHIИJ…Z, with an appropriate subset for each language – is feasible; but considering letter case, it becomes very clear that these alphabets are rather distinct sets of symbols.

Q1: Attempts to unify Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic would create which sort of problems?
A1: make casing operations an unholy mess
Q2: What among many common letters is shared between Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic?
A2: shapes
Q3: What would be problematic for a multilingual character set or font to provide?
A3: single codepoint
Q4: What distinguishes Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic from one another?
A4: sets of symbols
Q5: Although there are challenges a unified European alphabet is feasible even in the absence of which common language rule?
A5: letter case
Title: Nutrition
Topic: Agriculture, food, and drink

As cellular metabolism/energy production requires oxygen, potentially damaging (e.g., mutation causing) compounds known as free radicals can form. Most of these are oxidizers (i.e., acceptors of electrons) and some react very strongly. For the continued normal cellular maintenance, growth, and division, these free radicals must be sufficiently neutralized by antioxidant compounds. Recently, some researchers suggested an interesting theory of evolution of dietary antioxidants. Some are produced by the human body with adequate precursors (glutathione, Vitamin C), and those the body cannot produce may only be obtained in the diet via direct sources (Vitamin C in humans, Vitamin A, Vitamin K) or produced by the body from other compounds (Beta-carotene converted to Vitamin A by the body, Vitamin D synthesized from cholesterol by sunlight). Phytochemicals (Section Below) and their subgroup, polyphenols, make up the majority of antioxidants; about 4,000 are known. Different antioxidants are now known to function in a cooperative network. For example, Vitamin C can reactivate free radical-containing glutathione or Vitamin E by accepting the free radical itself. Some antioxidants are more effective than others at neutralizing different free radicals. Some cannot neutralize certain free radicals. Some cannot be present in certain areas of free radical development (Vitamin A is fat-soluble and protects fat areas, Vitamin C is water-soluble and protects those areas). When interacting with a free radical, some antioxidants produce a different free radical compound that is less dangerous or more dangerous than the previous compound. Having a variety of antioxidants allows any byproducts to be safely dealt with by more efficient antioxidants in neutralizing a free radical's butterfly effect.

Q1: What is another term that can be used to describe "potentially damaging" compounds?
A1: mutation causing
Q2: What are oxidizers?
A2: acceptors of electrons
Q3: In order for the body to function normally, what must be used to neutralize free radicals?
A3: antioxidant compounds
Q4: What subgroup of phytochemicals helps make up the majority of the body's antioxidants?
A4: polyphenols
Q5: Which area of the body does vitamin A protect?
A5: fat areas
Title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird
Topic: Language and literature

As children coming of age, Scout and Jem face hard realities and learn from them. Lee seems to examine Jem's sense of loss about how his neighbors have disappointed him more than Scout's. Jem says to their neighbor Miss Maudie the day after the trial, "It's like bein' a caterpillar wrapped in a cocoon ... I always thought Maycomb folks were the best folks in the world, least that's what they seemed like". This leads him to struggle with understanding the separations of race and class. Just as the novel is an illustration of the changes Jem faces, it is also an exploration of the realities Scout must face as an atypical girl on the verge of womanhood. As one scholar writes, "To Kill a Mockingbird can be read as a feminist Bildungsroman, for Scout emerges from her childhood experiences with a clear sense of her place in her community and an awareness of her potential power as the woman she will one day be."

Q1: What was the name of the neighbor that Jem speaks too after Tom Robinson's trial?
A1: Miss Maudie
Q2: What des Jem struggle to understand?
A2: separations of race and class
Title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States
Topic: Language and literature

As civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s, hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990, the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,000 to 465,000. The number of Salvadoran immigrants in the United States continued to grow in the 1990s and 2000s as a result of family reunification and new arrivals fleeing a series of natural disasters that hit El Salvador, including earthquakes and hurricanes. By 2008, there were about 1.1 million Salvadoran immigrants in the United States.

Q1: Why did Central Americans flee to the U.S.?
A1: civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s
Q2: When did Salvadorans flee 
A2: Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990
Q3: Are the Salvadorans a large population in the U.S.?
A3: the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,000 to 465,000.
Q4: Is the  Salvadoran population still growing?
A4: the United States continued to grow in the 1990s and 2000s as a result of family reunification and new arrivals fleeing a series of natural disasters
Q5: How many  Salvadorans  are in America now?
A5: By 2008, there were about 1.1 million Salvadoran immigrants in the United States.