LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Chihuahua_(state)
Topic: History

The last census in Mexico that asked for an individual's race, which was taken in 1921, indicated that 50.09% of the population identified as Mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European descent). The second-largest group was whites at 36.33% of the population. The third-largest group was the "pure indigenous" population, constituting 12.76% of the population. The remaining 0.82% of the population of Chihuahua was considered "other", i.e., neither Mestizo, indigenous, nor white. The most important indigenous tribes of the state of Chihuahua are:

Q1: The last census in Mexico that asked for race was carried out in which year?
A1: 1921
Q2: According to the census of 1921, what percentage of citizens were Mestizo?
A2: 50.09%
Q3: The second largest group of people were whom?
A3: whites
Title: God
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The last centuries of philosophy have seen vigorous questions regarding the arguments for God's existence raised by such philosophers as Immanuel Kant, David Hume and Antony Flew, although Kant held that the argument from morality was valid. The theist response has been either to contend, as does Alvin Plantinga, that faith is "properly basic", or to take, as does Richard Swinburne, the evidentialist position. Some theists agree that none of the arguments for God's existence are compelling, but argue that faith is not a product of reason, but requires risk. There would be no risk, they say, if the arguments for God's existence were as solid as the laws of logic, a position summed up by Pascal as "the heart has reasons of which reason does not know." A recent theory using concepts from physics and neurophysiology proposes that God can be conceptualized within the theory of integrative level.

Q1: How does Alvin Plantinga describe faith?
A1: "properly basic"
Q2: Who stated "the heart has reasons of which reason does not know"?
A2: Pascal
Q3: Which philosopher takes the evidentialist position?
A3: Richard Swinburne
Q4: Name three philosophers of the last 100 years arguing for the existence of God?
A4: Immanuel Kant, David Hume and Antony Flew
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The last days of the Qing Dynasty were marked by civil unrest and foreign invasions. Responding to these civil failures and discontent, the Qing Imperial Court did attempt to reform the government in various ways, such as the decision to draft a constitution in 1906, the establishment of provincial legislatures in 1909, and the preparation for a national parliament in 1910. However, many of these measures were opposed by the conservatives of the Qing Court, and many reformers were either imprisoned or executed outright. The failures of the Imperial Court to enact such reforming measures of political liberalization and modernization caused the reformists to steer toward the road of revolution.

Q1: What were the last days of the Qing dynasty marked by? 
A1: civil unrest and foreign invasions.
Q2: What did the Qing dynasty attempt to do n the face of civil unrest? 
A2: attempt to reform the government in various
Q3: What happened to The reformers in the Qing dynasty? 
A3: either imprisoned or executed outright.
Q4: What caused the revolution against the Qing dynasty?
A4: failures of the Imperial Court to enact such reforming measures of political liberalization and modernization
Title: British_Empire
Topic: History

The last decades of the 19th century saw concerted political campaigns for Irish home rule. Ireland had been united with Britain into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland with the Act of Union 1800 after the Irish Rebellion of 1798, and had suffered a severe famine between 1845 and 1852. Home rule was supported by the British Prime minister, William Gladstone, who hoped that Ireland might follow in Canada's footsteps as a Dominion within the empire, but his 1886 Home Rule bill was defeated in Parliament. Although the bill, if passed, would have granted Ireland less autonomy within the UK than the Canadian provinces had within their own federation, many MPs feared that a partially independent Ireland might pose a security threat to Great Britain or mark the beginning of the break-up of the empire. A second Home Rule bill was also defeated for similar reasons. A third bill was passed by Parliament in 1914, but not implemented because of the outbreak of the First World War leading to the 1916 Easter Rising.

Q1: Which British Prime Minister first supported home rule of Ireland?
A1: William Gladstone
Q2: The first Home Rule bill would have given Ireland less self-control than what other territory?
A2: Canada
Q3: When was the Easter Rising?
A3: 1916
Q4: When was a Home Rule bill passed?
A4: 1914
Q5: The passed Home Rule Bill wasn't implemented because of which war?
A5: the First World War
Title: Geological_history_of_Earth
Topic: Natural sciences

The last glacial period of the current ice age ended about 10,000 years ago. Ice melt caused world sea levels to rise about 35 metres (115 ft) in the early part of the Holocene. In addition, many areas above about 40 degrees north latitude had been depressed by the weight of the Pleistocene glaciers and rose as much as 180 metres (591 ft) over the late Pleistocene and Holocene, and are still rising today. The sea level rise and temporary land depression allowed temporary marine incursions into areas that are now far from the sea. Holocene marine fossils are known from Vermont, Quebec, Ontario and Michigan. Other than higher latitude temporary marine incursions associated with glacial depression, Holocene fossils are found primarily in lakebed, floodplain and cave deposits. Holocene marine deposits along low-latitude coastlines are rare because the rise in sea levels during the period exceeds any likely upthrusting of non-glacial origin. Post-glacial rebound in Scandinavia resulted in the emergence of coastal areas around the Baltic Sea, including much of Finland. The region continues to rise, still causing weak earthquakes across Northern Europe. The equivalent event in North America was the rebound of Hudson Bay, as it shrank from its larger, immediate post-glacial Tyrrell Sea phase, to near its present boundaries.

Q1: How long ago did the last glacial period end?
A1: about 10,000 years ago
Q2: By what height did sea levels rise at the end of the last glacial period?
A2: 35 metres (115 ft)
Q3: During what period did sea levels rice 115 feet?
A3: Holocene
Q4: Glaciars from what period depressed the height of northern lands by 591 feet?
A4: Pleistocene
Q5: What sea did the Hudson Bay used to be a part of?
A5: Tyrrell Sea
Title: Mosaic
Topic: Art and architecture

The last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica di San Clemente, the façade of Santa Maria in Trastevere and San Paolo fuori le Mura. The beautiful apse mosaic of Santa Maria in Trastevere (1140) depicts Christ and Mary sitting next to each other on the heavenly throne, the first example of this iconographic scheme. A similar mosaic, the Coronation of the Virgin, decorates the apse of Santa Maria Maggiore. It is a work of Jacopo Torriti from 1295. The mosaics of Torriti and Jacopo da Camerino in the apse of San Giovanni in Laterano from 1288–94 were thoroughly restored in 1884. The apse mosaic of San Crisogono is attributed to Pietro Cavallini, the greatest Roman painter of the 13th century. Six scenes from the life of Mary in Santa Maria in Trastevere were also executed by Cavallini in 1290. These mosaics are praised for their realistic portrayal and attempts of perspective. There is an interesting mosaic medaillon from 1210 above the gate of the church of San Tommaso in Formis showing Christ enthroned between a white and a black slave. The church belonged to the Order of the Trinitarians which was devoted to ransoming Christian slaves.

Q1: When was the last period of Roman mosaic art?
A1: the 12th–13th century
Q2: Where is the church of Santa maria?
A2: Trastevere
Q3: Who does the facade at the Santa Maria church depict?
A3: Christ and Mary
Q4: When were the mosaics at Torriti and Jacopo fully restored?
A4: in 1884
Q5: What year was the medallion above the gate of the church of San Tommaso?
A5: 1210
Title: Roman_Republic
Topic: History

The last king of the Roman Kingdom, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, was overthrown in 509 BC by a group of noblemen led by Lucius Junius Brutus. Tarquin made a number of attempts to retake the throne, including the Tarquinian conspiracy, the war with Veii and Tarquinii and finally the war between Rome and Clusium, all of which failed to achieve Tarquin's objectives. The most important constitutional change during the transition from kingdom to republic concerned the chief magistrate. Before the revolution, a king would be elected by the senators for a life term. Now, two consuls were elected by the citizens for an annual term. Each consul would check his colleague, and their limited term in office would open them up to prosecution if they abused the powers of their office. Consular political powers, when exercised conjointly with a consular colleague, were no different from those of the old king.

Q1: Who was considered to be the last king of the Roman Kingdom?
A1: Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
Q2: When did the last king of the Roman Kingdom lose his seat of power?
A2: 509 BC
Q3: Who would elect a king in the Roman Kingdom prior to the revolution?
A3: senators
Q4: What was the length of a term that a king would be elected for in the Roman Kingdom?
A4: life term
Q5: Who were the joint consulars considered to be an equal of politically?
A5: old king
Title: The_Blitz
Topic: History

The last major attack on London was on 10/11 May 1941, on which the Luftwaffe flew 571 sorties and dropped 800 tonnes of bombs. This caused more than 2,000 fires. 1,436 people were killed and 1,792 seriously injured, which affected morale badly. Another raid was carried out on 11/12 May 1941. Westminster Abbey and the Law Courts were damaged, while the Chamber of the House of Commons was destroyed. One-third of London's streets were impassable. All but one railway station line was blocked for several weeks. This raid was significant, as 63 German fighters were sent with the bombers, indicating the growing effectiveness of RAF night fighter defences.

Q1: When was the last major attack London saw?
A1: 10/11 May 1941
Q2: How many tonnes of bombs did the Luftwaffe use on London?
A2: 800 tonnes
Q3: How many casualties were inflicted?
A3: 1,436 people were killed and 1,792 seriously injured
Q4: What was the damage done to London's streets?
A4: One-third of London's streets were impassable
Q5: What showed RAF night fighter effectiveness was increasing?
A5: 63 German fighters were sent with the bombers
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Topic: Art and architecture

The last major building work took place during the reign of King George V when, in 1913, Sir Aston Webb redesigned Blore's 1850 East Front to resemble in part Giacomo Leoni's Lyme Park in Cheshire. This new, refaced principal façade (of Portland stone) was designed to be the backdrop to the Victoria Memorial, a large memorial statue of Queen Victoria, placed outside the main gates. George V, who had succeeded Edward VII in 1910, had a more serious personality than his father; greater emphasis was now placed on official entertaining and royal duties than on lavish parties. He arranged a series of command performances featuring jazz musicians such as the Original Dixieland Jazz Band (1919) – the first jazz performance for a head of state, Sidney Bechet, and Louis Armstrong (1932), which earned the palace a nomination in 2009 for a (Kind of) Blue Plaque by the Brecon Jazz Festival as one of the venues making the greatest contribution to jazz music in the United Kingdom. George V's wife Queen Mary was a connoisseur of the arts, and took a keen interest in the Royal Collection of furniture and art, both restoring and adding to it. Queen Mary also had many new fixtures and fittings installed, such as the pair of marble Empire-style chimneypieces by Benjamin Vulliamy, dating from 1810, which the Queen had installed in the ground floor Bow Room, the huge low room at the centre of the garden façade. Queen Mary was also responsible for the decoration of the Blue Drawing Room. This room, 69 feet (21 metres) long, previously known as the South Drawing Room, has a ceiling designed specially by Nash, coffered with huge gilt console brackets.

Q1: Under whose reign did the last major building works take place?
A1: King George V
Q2: The principle facade of the East Front is made from what type of stone?
A2: Portland stone
Q3: Which king preferred official entertaining and royal duties to lavish parties?
A3: George V
Q4: Who added and restored furniture to The Royal Collection?
A4: Queen Mary
Q5: Who was responsible for decorating The Blue Drawing Room?
A5: Queen Mary
Q6: Who redesigned Blore's 1850 East Front?
A6: Sir Aston Webb
Q7: The refaced facade was made from what type of stone?
A7: Portland stone
Q8: Which king placed more emphasis on official entertaining and royal duties instead of lavish parties?
A8: George V
Q9: What collection did Queen Mary take an interest in by adding and restoring pieces?
A9: Royal Collection of furniture and art
Q10: Who decorated the Blue Drawing Room?
A10: Queen Mary
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and grouped them into eight further opus numbers (Opp. 66–73), published in 1855. In 1857, 17 Polish songs that Chopin wrote at various stages of his life were collected and published as Op. 74, though their order within the opus did not reflect the order of composition.

Q1: What was the last number Chopin gave to an opus?
A1: 65
Q2: Who was Chopin's musical executor?
A2: Julian Fontana
Q3: How many unfinished pieces did Julian Fontana make into eight more opus numbers?
A3: 23
Q4: Op. 74 is made up of how many Polish songs?
A4: 17
Q5: What is the last opus number that Chopin used?
A5: 65
Q6: Who grouped 23 unpublished pieces and published them as Opp. 66-73 in 1855?
A6: Julian Fontana
Q7: When was Op. 74 published?
A7: 1857
Title: Bern
Topic: Geography and places

The last regular election of the City Parliament was held on 25 November 2012 for the mandate period (German: Legislatur, French: la législature) from 2013 to 2016. Currently the City Parliament consist of 23 members of the Social Democratic Party (SP/PS), 11 Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC), 8 Green Alliance of Berne (GB), 8 Grüne Freie Liste (GFL) (Green Free List), 7 The Liberals (FDP/PLR), 7 Conservative Democratic Party (BDP/PBD), 7 Green Liberal Party (GLP/PVL), 2 Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP/PDC), 2 Evangelical People's Party (EVP/PEV), 1 Junge Alternative (JA!) (or Young Alternatives), 1 Grüne Partei Bern - Demokratische Alternative (GPB-DA) (or Green Party Bern - Democratic Alternative), 1 Swiss Party of Labour (PdA), 1 Alternative Linke Bern (AL) and finally one independent. The following parties combine their parliamentary power in parliamentary groups (German: Fraktion(en)): Independent and AL and GPB-DA and PdA (4), SP (23), GB and JA! (9), GFL and EVP (10), GLP (7), BDP and CVP (9), FDP (7), and SVP (11). This gives the left parties an absolute majority of 46 seats.

Q1: Which party has the absolute majority of the seats?
A1: left parties
Q2: How many seats are there?
A2: 46
Q3: Which specific party has the most members in the City Parliament?
A3: Social Democratic Party
Title: Egypt
Topic: Geography and places

The last ruler from the Ptolemaic line was Cleopatra VII, who committed suicide following the burial of her lover Mark Antony who had died in her arms (from a self-inflicted stab wound), after Octavian had captured Alexandria and her mercenary forces had fled. The Ptolemies faced rebellions of native Egyptians often caused by an unwanted regime and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its annexation by Rome. Nevertheless, Hellenistic culture continued to thrive in Egypt well after the Muslim conquest.

Q1: Who was last ruler of Ptolemaic Kingdom?
A1: Cleopatra VII
Q2: Who captured Alexandria, ending Ptolemaic rule?
A2: Octavian
Q3: How did Mark Anthony's love die?
A3: suicide
Q4: What culture annexed Egypt?
A4: Rome
Title: Kievan_Rus%27
Topic: History

The last ruler to maintain united state was Mstislav the Great. After his death in 1132 the Kievan Rus' fell into recession and a rapid decline, and Mstislav's successor Yaropolk II of Kiev instead of focussing on the external threat of the Cumans was embroiled in conflicts with the growing power of the Novgorod Republic. In 1169, as the Kievan Rus' state was full of internal conflict, Andrei Bogolyubsky of Vladimir sacked the city of Kiev. The sack of the city fundamentally changed the perception of Kiev and was evidence of the fragmentation of the Kievan Rus'. By the end of the 12th century, the Kievan state became even further fragmented and had been divided into roughly twelve different principalities.

Q1: Who was the last ruller to keep the region united?
A1: Mstislav the Great
Q2: When did Mstislav die?
A2: 1169
Q3: When did the Kievan state break up into twelve seperate principalities?
A3: 12th century,
Title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Topic: History

The last three years of Eisenhower's second term in office were ones of relatively good health. Eventually after leaving the White House, he suffered several additional and ultimately crippling heart attacks. A severe heart attack in August 1965 largely ended his participation in public affairs. In August 1966 he began to show symptoms of cholecystitis, for which he underwent surgery on December 12, 1966, when his gallbladder was removed, containing 16 gallstones. After Eisenhower's death in 1969 (see below), an autopsy unexpectedly revealed an adrenal pheochromocytoma, a benign adrenaline-secreting tumor that may have made the President more vulnerable to heart disease. Eisenhower suffered seven heart attacks in total from 1955 until his death.

Q1: What August 1965 event caused Eisenhower to drop out of public life?
A1: heart attack
Q2: For what ailment did Eisenhower receive surgery in 1966?
A2: cholecystitis
Q3: What did Eisenhower have removed via surgery on December 12, 1966?
A3: gallbladder
Q4: In what year did Eisenhower die?
A4: 1969
Q5: How many heart attacks did Eisenhower have between 1955 and 1969?
A5: seven
Title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
Topic: History

The last use of the firing squad between 1608 and the moratorium on judicial executions between 1967 and 1977 was when Utah shot James W. Rodgers on March 30, 1960. The last use of the gallows between 1608 and the moratorium was when Kansas hanged George York on June 22, 1965. The last use of the electric chair between the first electrocution on August 6, 1890 and the moratorium was when Oklahoma electrocuted James French on August 10, 1966. The last use of the gas chamber between the first gassing on February 8, 1924 and the moratorium was when Colorado gassed Luis Monge on June 2, 1967.

Q1: Who was executed on March 30, 1960?
A1: James W. Rodgers
Q2: What method of execution was used on James W. Rodgers?
A2: firing squad
Q3: In what state was Rodgers executed?
A3: Utah
Q4: On what date was George York executed?
A4: June 22, 1965
Q5: Which state executed James French?
A5: Oklahoma
Title: Muammar_Gaddafi
Topic: History

The late 1980s saw a series of liberalising economic reforms within Libya designed to cope with the decline in oil revenues. In May 1987, Gaddafi announced the start of the "Revolution within a Revolution", which began with reforms to industry and agriculture and saw the re-opening of small business. Restrictions were placed on the activities of the Revolutionary Committees; in March 1988, their role was narrowed by the newly created Ministry for Mass Mobilization and Revolutionary Leadership to restrict their violence and judicial role, while in August 1988 Gaddafi publicly criticised them, asserting that "they deviated, harmed, tortured" and that "the true revolutionary does not practise repression." In March, hundreds of political prisoners were freed, with Gaddafi falsely claiming that there were no further political prisoners in Libya. In June, Libya's government issued the Great Green Charter on Human Rights in the Era of the Masses, in which 27 articles laid out goals, rights and guarantees to improve the situation of human rights in Libya, restricting the use of the death penalty and calling for its eventual abolition. Many of the measures suggested in the charter would be implemented the following year, although others remained inactive. Also in 1989, the government founded the Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights, to be awarded to figures from the Third World who had struggled against colonialism and imperialism; the first year's winner was South African anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela. From 1994 through to 1997, the government initiated cleansing committees to root out corruption, particularly in the economic sector.

Q1: In what year did the "Revolution within a Revolution" begin?
A1: 1987
Q2: In what year was the Ministry for Mass Mobilization and Revolutionary Leadership created?
A2: 1988
Q3: How many articles were contained in the Great Green Charter on Human Rights in the Era of the Masses?
A3: 27
Q4: Who won the Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights in 1989?
A4: Nelson Mandela
Q5: What was Mandela's nationality?
A5: South African
Title: Georgian_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

The late Georgian period saw the birth of the semi-detached house, planned systematically, as a suburban compromise between the terraced houses of the city and the detached "villas" further out, where land was cheaper. There had been occasional examples in town centres going back to medieval times. Most early suburban examples are large, and in what are now the outer fringes of Central London, but were then in areas being built up for the first time. Blackheath, Chalk Farm and St John's Wood are among the areas contesting being the original home of the semi. Sir John Summerson gave primacy to the Eyre Estate of St John's Wood. A plan for this exists dated 1794, where "the whole development consists of pairs of semi-detached houses, So far as I know, this is the first recorded scheme of the kind". In fact the French Wars put an end to this scheme, but when the development was finally built it retained the semi-detached form, "a revolution of striking significance and far-reaching effect".

Q1: What cities contest to being the original home of the semi?
A1: Blackheath, Chalk Farm and St John's Wood
Q2: Who conferred primacy to the Eyre Estate of St John's Wood?
A2: Sir John Summerson
Q3: A plan for a semi-detached houses was dated for what year?
A3: 1794
Q4: What put an end to the scheme of semi-detached houses?
A4: the French Wars
Title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty
Topic: History

The late Turrell V. Wylie, a former professor of the University of Washington, and Li Tieh-tseng argue that the reliability of the heavily censored History of Ming as a credible source on Sino-Tibetan relations is questionable, in the light of modern scholarship. Other historians also assert that these Ming titles were nominal and did not actually confer the authority that the earlier Yuan titles had. Van Praag writes that the "numerous economically motivated Tibetan missions to the Ming Court are referred to as 'tributary missions' in the Ming Shih." Van Praag writes that these "tributary missions" were simply prompted by China's need for horses from Tibet, since a viable horse market in Mongol lands was closed as a result of incessant conflict. Morris Rossabi also writes that "Tibet, which had extensive contacts with China during the Yuan, scarcely had diplomatic relations with the Ming."

Q1: who was a professor of the University of Washington?
A1: Turrell V. Wylie
Q2: Who had a large amount of contacts with china during Yuan?
A2: Tibet
Q3: Who believed that Tibet barely had any diplomatic relations with the Ming?
A3: Morris Rossabi
Title: Green
Topic: Language and literature

The late nineteenth century also brought the systematic study of color theory, and particularly the study of how complementary colors such as red and green reinforced each other when they were placed next to each other. These studies were avidly followed by artists such as Vincent van Gogh. Describing his painting, The Night Cafe, to his brother Theo in 1888, Van Gogh wrote: "I sought to express with red and green the terrible human passions. The hall is blood red and pale yellow, with a green billiard table in the center, and four lamps of lemon yellow, with rays of orange and green. Everywhere it is a battle and antithesis of the most different reds and greens."

Q1: When did the systematic study of color theory begin?
A1: late nineteenth century
Q2: Who painted The Night Cafe?
A2: Vincent van Gogh
Q3: What type of colors are red and green?
A3: complementary
Title: Gramophone_record
Topic: Music

The lateral cut NAB curve was remarkably similar to the NBC Orthacoustic curve that evolved from practices within the National Broadcasting Company since the mid-1930s. Empirically, and not by any formula, it was learned that the bass end of the audio spectrum below 100 Hz could be boosted somewhat to override system hum and turntable rumble noises. Likewise at the treble end beginning at 1,000 Hz, if audio frequencies were boosted by 16 dB at 10,000 Hz the delicate sibilant sounds of speech and high overtones of musical instruments could survive the noise level of cellulose acetate, lacquer/aluminum, and vinyl disc media. When the record was played back using a complementary inverse curve, signal-to-noise ratio was improved and the programming sounded more lifelike.

Q1: What was a benefit to broadcasters of recording standards?
A1: programming sounded more lifelike.
Q2: How did the NBC Othacoustic curve relate to the NAB curve?
A2: remarkably similar
Q3: What bass settings were needed to eliminate hum?
A3: below 100 Hz
Q4: What helped cause the most life like sound?
A4: using a complementary inverse curve
Title: Dog
Topic: Natural sciences

The latest study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to humans and dogs together proved that dogs have same response to voices and use the same parts of the brain as humans to do so. This gives dogs the ability to recognize emotional human sounds, making them friendly social pets to humans.

Q1: What type of imaging was used to study the relationship between humans and dogs?
A1: magnetic resonance imaging
Q2: An MRI study on dogs proved that dogs have the same response as humans to what?
A2: voices
Q3: An MRI study on dogs proved that dogs use the same parts of what as humans?
A3: the brain
Q4: Because dogs respond to voices the same way humans do, they are able to recognize what in human sounds, making them social?
A4: emotion
Q5: What technology was used to show that dogs respond to voices in the same brain parts as people?
A5: MRI
Q6: Dogs have the ability to recognize what type of human sounds?
A6: emotional
Title: Prime_minister
Topic: Social sciences and society

The latter in effect allows the government to appeal the opposition of parliament to the electorate. However, in many jurisdictions a head of state may refuse a parliamentary dissolution, requiring the resignation of the prime minister and his or her government. In most modern parliamentary systems, the prime minister is the person who decides when to request a parliamentary dissolution.

Q1: Who can put a stop the parliamentary attempts at dissovling itself in some areas?
A1: head of state
Q2: If the head of state prevents the dissolution of parliament, what needs to happen?
A2: resignation of the prime minister and his or her government
Q3: In contemporary parliamentary governments, which official is usually in charge of asking parliament to dissolve?
A3: prime minister
Title: Law_of_the_United_States
Topic: Social sciences and society

The law of civil procedure governs process in all judicial proceedings involving lawsuits between private parties. Traditional common law pleading was replaced by code pleading in 24 states after New York enacted the Field Code in 1850 and code pleading in turn was subsequently replaced again in most states by modern notice pleading during the 20th century. The old English division between common law and equity courts was abolished in the federal courts by the adoption of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938; it has also been independently abolished by legislative acts in nearly all states. The Delaware Court of Chancery is the most prominent of the small number of remaining equity courts.

Q1: What is over all judicial proceedings involving private party lawsuits?
A1: The law of civil procedure
Q2: What did New York enact that replaced traditional common law proceeding?
A2: code pleading
Q3: What was code pleading ultimately replaced by?
A3: modern notice pleading
Q4: When did code pleading get replaced by modern notice pleading?
A4: 20th century
Q5: What did the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure abolish?
A5: The old English division between common law and equity courts
Title: Law_of_the_United_States
Topic: Social sciences and society

The law of criminal procedure in the United States consists of a massive overlay of federal constitutional case law interwoven with the federal and state statutes that actually provide the foundation for the creation and operation of law enforcement agencies and prison systems as well as the proceedings in criminal trials. Due to the perennial inability of legislatures in the U.S. to enact statutes that would actually force law enforcement officers to respect the constitutional rights of criminal suspects and convicts, the federal judiciary gradually developed the exclusionary rule as a method to enforce such rights. In turn, the exclusionary rule spawned a family of judge-made remedies for the abuse of law enforcement powers, of which the most famous is the Miranda warning. The writ of habeas corpus is often used by suspects and convicts to challenge their detention, while the Civil Rights Act of 1871 and Bivens actions are used by suspects to recover tort damages for police brutality.

Q1: What makes up the law of criminal procedure?
A1: federal constitutional case law interwoven with the federal and state statutes
Q2: What did the exclusionary rule provide for?
A2: inability of legislatures in the U.S. to enact statutes that would actually force law enforcement officers to respect the constitutional rights
Q3: What might a suspect use to challenge their detention?
A3: writ of habeas corpus
Q4: What must a police officer recite to a suspect upon arrest/
A4: Miranda warning
Q5: What acts cover tort damages from police brutality cases?
A5: Civil Rights Act of 1871 and Bivens actions
Title: Canon_law
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The law of the Eastern Catholic Churches in full union with Rome was in much the same state as that of the Latin or Western Church before 1917; much more diversity in legislation existed in the various Eastern Catholic Churches. Each had its own special law, in which custom still played an important part. In 1929 Pius XI informed the Eastern Churches of his intention to work out a Code for the whole of the Eastern Church. The publication of these Codes for the Eastern Churches regarding the law of persons was made between 1949 through 1958 but finalized nearly 30 years later.

Q1: Prior to 1917, what church was in a similar situation as the Eastern Catholic Churches as regards its legal system?
A1: the Latin or Western Church
Q2: What was different about the Eastern Churches compared with the Western?
A2: more diversity in legislation
Q3: What was still a main factor in the Eastern Church laws?
A3: custom
Q4: When did Pius XI announce his goal of codifying the law of all Eastern Churches?
A4: 1929
Q5: During what time period were the Codes for Eastern Churches made available, prior to the final version?
A5: 1949 through 1958
Title: Law_of_the_United_States
Topic: Social sciences and society

The law of the United States comprises many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law, of which the most important is the United States Constitution, the foundation of the federal government of the United States. The Constitution sets out the boundaries of federal law, which consists of acts of Congress, treaties ratified by the Senate, regulations promulgated by the executive branch, and case law originating from the federal judiciary. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of general and permanent federal statutory law.

Q1: What is the foundation of the United States federal government?
A1: United States Constitution
Q2: In the Unites States what sets out the boundaries of federal law?
A2: The Constitution
Q3: What is defined as the official codification of federal statutory law?
A3: The United States Code
Q4: What is compromised of many levels of codified and uncodified forms of law?
A4: law of the United States
Q5: The constitution set boundaries for case law that originates from where?
A5: federal judiciary
Q6: What is the foundation of the U.S. federal government?
A6: the United States Constitution
Q7: What sets out the boundries of federal law?
A7: The Constitution
Q8: What two forms of law make up the laws of the United States?
A8: codified and uncodified
Q9: What is th eofficial compilation of federal statutory law called?
A9: The United States Code
Q10: What different kinds of law make up the laws of the United States?
A10: codified and uncodified
Q11: What is the most important document in the US, setting the boundries for all other laws?
A11: the United States Constitution
Q12: What branch of gevernment is responsible for ratifing treaties?
A12: Senate
Q13: With branch of government deals with new regulations?
A13: the executive branch
Q14: Who's responsibility is case law?
A14: the federal judiciary
Title: Association_football
Topic: History

The laws of the game are determined by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). The Board was formed in 1886 after a meeting in Manchester of The Football Association, the Scottish Football Association, the Football Association of Wales, and the Irish Football Association. FIFA, the international football body, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that they would adhere to Laws of the Game of the Football Association. The growing popularity of the international game led to the admittance of FIFA representatives to the International Football Association Board in 1913. The board consists of four representatives from FIFA and one representative from each of the four British associations.

Q1: What does the abbreviation IFAB stand for?
A1: International Football Association Board
Q2: What year was the IFAB formed?
A2: 1886
Q3: What city was FIFA formed?
A3: Paris
Q4: How many representatives did FIFA have in the IFAB?
A4: four
Q5: How many different British associations where part of the IFAB?
A5: four
Title: Melbourne
Topic: Geography and places

The layout of the inner suburbs on a largely one-mile grid pattern, cut through by wide radial boulevards, and string of gardens surrounding the central city was largely established in the 1850s and 1860s. These areas were rapidly filled from the mid 1850s by the ubiquitous terrace house, as well as detached houses and some grand mansions in large grounds, while some of the major roads developed as shopping streets. Melbourne quickly became a major finance centre, home to several banks, the Royal Mint, and Australia's first stock exchange in 1861. In 1855 the Melbourne Cricket Club secured possession of its now famous ground, the MCG. Members of the Melbourne Football Club codified Australian football in 1859, and Yarra rowing clubs and "regattas" became popular about the same time. In 1861 the Melbourne Cup was first run. In 1864 Melbourne acquired its first public monument—the Burke and Wills statue.

Q1: In what two decades was the layout of Melbourne's inner suburbs established?
A1: 1850s and 1860s
Q2: In what year did the Melbourne Cricket Club secure possession of its now famous ground, the MCG?
A2: 1855
Q3: Around what year did Yarra rowing clubs and "regattas" become popular?
A3: 1859
Q4: In what year was the Melbourne Cup first run?
A4: 1861
Q5: What was the first public monumnet acquired in Melbourne in 1864?
A5: the Burke and Wills statue
Title: Cubism
Topic: Art and architecture

The leading Cubist architects were Pavel Janák, Josef Gočár, Vlastislav Hofman, Emil Králíček and Josef Chochol. They worked mostly in Prague but also in other Bohemian towns. The best-known Cubist building is the House of the Black Madonna in the Old Town of Prague built in 1912 by Josef Gočár with the only Cubist café in the world, Grand Café Orient. Vlastislav Hofman built the entrance pavilions of Ďáblice Cemetery in 1912–1914, Josef Chochol designed several residential houses under Vyšehrad. A Cubist streetlamp has also been preserved near the Wenceslas Square, designed by Emil Králíček in 1912, who also built the Diamond House in the New Town of Prague around 1913.

Q1: Who were the leading Cubist architects? 
A1: Pavel Janák, Josef Gočár, Vlastislav Hofman, Emil Králíček and Josef Chochol
Q2: Where did the leading Cubist architects work?
A2: Prague
Q3: What is the best known Cubist architecture building? 
A3: House of the Black Madonna
Q4: Where is the House of the Black Madonna located? 
A4: Old Town of Prague
Q5: Who built the House of the Black Madonna?
A5: Vlastislav Hofman
Title: On_the_Origin_of_Species
Topic: Natural sciences

The leading naturalist in Britain was the anatomist Richard Owen, an idealist who had shifted to the view in the 1850s that the history of life was the gradual unfolding of a divine plan. Owen's review of the Origin in the April 1860 Edinburgh Review bitterly attacked Huxley, Hooker and Darwin, but also signalled acceptance of a kind of evolution as a teleological plan in a continuous "ordained becoming", with new species appearing by natural birth. Others that rejected natural selection, but supported "creation by birth", included the Duke of Argyll who explained beauty in plumage by design. Since 1858, Huxley had emphasised anatomical similarities between apes and humans, contesting Owen's view that humans were a separate sub-class. Their disagreement over human origins came to the fore at the British Association for the Advancement of Science meeting featuring the legendary 1860 Oxford evolution debate. In two years of acrimonious public dispute that Charles Kingsley satirised as the "Great Hippocampus Question" and parodied in The Water-Babies as the "great hippopotamus test", Huxley showed that Owen was incorrect in asserting that ape brains lacked a structure present in human brains. Others, including Charles Lyell and Alfred Russel Wallace, thought that humans shared a common ancestor with apes, but higher mental faculties could not have evolved through a purely material process. Darwin published his own explanation in the Descent of Man (1871).

Q1: Who was the leading naturalist in Britain?
A1: Richard Owen,
Q2: How did Owen respond to On the Origin of Species with his review?
A2: bitterly attacked Huxley, Hooker and Darwin, but also signalled acceptance of a kind of evolution as a teleological plan in a continuous "ordained becoming"
Q3: What was the debate between Huxley and Owen concerning humans and apes?
A3: Huxley had emphasised anatomical similarities between apes and humans, contesting Owen's view that humans were a separate sub-class
Q4: What was the primary debate at the British Association for the Advancement of Science meeting of 1860?
A4: legendary 1860 Oxford evolution debate
Q5: When did Darwin publish his own explanation of the question of the evolution of man and ape?
A5: Darwin published his own explanation in the Descent of Man (1871)
Title: Premier_League
Topic: Sports and recreation

The league held its first season in 1992–93 and was originally composed of 22 clubs. The first ever Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United. The 22 inaugural members of the new Premier League were Arsenal, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Coventry City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Ipswich Town, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Middlesbrough, Norwich City, Nottingham Forest, Oldham Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, Tottenham Hotspur, and Wimbledon. Luton Town, Notts County and West Ham United were the three teams relegated from the old first division at the end of the 1991–92 season, and did not take part in the inaugural Premier League season.

Q1: When did the Premier League hold its first season?
A1: The league held its first season in 1992–93
Q2: Originally, how many clubs did the Premier League have?
A2: was originally composed of 22 clubs.
Q3: Who scored the first ever goal for the Premier League
A3: The first ever Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United.
Q4: Which blubs were relegated from the old first division at the end of the 1991-1992 season and didn't take part in the first Premier League season?
A4: Luton Town, Notts County and West Ham United were the three teams relegated from the old first division
Q5: In which years were the first season?
A5: 1992–93
Q6: How many clubs originally made up the league?
A6: 22
Q7: Who scored the first goal in the Premier League?
A7: Brian Deane
Q8: For which team was the first goal scored?
A8: Sheffield United
Q9: Against which team was the first goal scored?
A9: Manchester United
Title: Arena_Football_League
Topic: Sports and recreation

The league's 2016 schedule, announced on the league's website on December 10, 2015, shows an eight-team league playing a 16-game regular season over 18 weeks, with two bye weeks for each team, one on a rotational basis and the other a "universal bye" for all teams during the Independence Day weekend, the first weekend in July. All teams will qualify for the postseason, meaning that the regular season will serve only to establish seeding.

Q1: On what date did the league announce its schedule for 2016?
A1: December 10, 2015
Q2: How many teams are active in the AFL for 2016?
A2: eight
Q3: How many regular season games will each team play in 2016?
A3: 16
Q4: How many weeks will the 2016 regular season last?
A4: 18
Q5: On the weekend of what holiday will all teams have a bye?
A5: Independence Day
Title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States
Topic: History

The legal administration of the death penalty in the United States is complex. Typically, it involves four critical steps: (1) sentencing, (2) direct review, (3) state collateral review, and (4) federal habeas corpus. Recently, a narrow and final fifth level of process – (5) the Section 1983 challenge – has become increasingly important. (Clemency or pardon, through which the Governor or President of the jurisdiction can unilaterally reduce or abrogate a death sentence, is an executive rather than judicial process.) The number of new death sentences handed down peaked in 1995–1996 (309). There were 73 new death sentences handed down in 2014, the lowest number since 1973 (44).

Q1: In the United States, how many important steps are usually present in the administration of capital punishment?
A1: four
Q2: Along with the President, what officeholder can issue pardons?
A2: Governor
Q3: How many death sentences were issued in the period 1995-1996?
A3: 309
Q4: How many capital sentences were given in 1973?
A4: 44
Q5: In what year were there 73 death penalty convictions?
A5: 2014
Title: Planck_constant
Topic: Mathematics

The legal process to change the definition of the kilogram is already underway, but it had been decided that no final decision would be made before the next meeting of the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 2011. (For more detailed information, see kilogram definitions.) The Planck constant is a leading contender to form the basis of the new definition, although not the only one. Possible new definitions include "the mass of a body at rest whose equivalent energy equals the energy of photons whose frequencies sum to 7050135639273999999♠135639274×1042 Hz", or simply "the kilogram is defined so that the Planck constant equals 6966662606895999999♠6.62606896×10−34 J⋅s".

Q1: Where would the decision to change the definition of the kilogram have occured at the earliest?
A1: the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 2011
Q2: Was the Planck constant the only option for redefining the kilogram?
A2: The Planck constant is a leading contender to form the basis of the new definition, although not the only one
Q3: The mass of a resting body with what energy would be equal to a kilogram?
A3: 7050135639273999999♠135639274×1042 Hz
Q4: A kilogram could be definined as having a Planck constant of what value?
A4: 6966662606895999999♠6.62606896×10−34 J⋅s
Title: Roman_Republic
Topic: History

The legal status of Roman citizenship was limited and was a vital prerequisite to possessing many important legal rights such as the right to trial and appeal, to marry, to vote, to hold office, to enter binding contracts, and to special tax exemptions. An adult male citizen with the full complement of legal and political rights was called "optimo jure." The optimo jure elected their assemblies, whereupon the assemblies elected magistrates, enacted legislation, presided over trials in capital cases, declared war and peace, and forged or dissolved treaties. There were two types of legislative assemblies. The first was the comitia ("committees"), which were assemblies of all optimo jure. The second was the concilia ("councils"), which were assemblies of specific groups of optimo jure.

Q1: What was the main requirement of seeking a trial in the Roman courts?
A1: legal status of Roman citizenship
Q2: Who would be expected to oversee a capital case in the Roman courts?
A2: assemblies
Q3: Which designation of people made up the entirety of the members of a comitia?
A3: optimo jure
Q4: Who did the assemblies elected by the optimo jure elect?
A4: magistrates
Q5: What type of assembly could specific groupings of optimo jure be found in?
A5: concilia
Title: Virgil
Topic: Language and literature

The legend of Virgil in his Basket arose in the Middle Ages, and is often seen in art and mentioned in literature as part of the Power of Women literary topos, demonstrating the disruptive force of female attractiveness on men. In this story Virgil became enamoured of a beautiful woman, sometimes described as the emperor's daughter or mistress and called Lucretia. She played him along and agreed to an assignation at her house, which he was to sneak into at night by climbing into a large basket let down from a window. When he did so he was only hoisted halfway up the wall and then left him trapped there into the next day, exposed to public ridicule. The story paralleled that of Phyllis riding Aristotle. Among other artists depicting the scene, Lucas van Leyden made a woodcut and later an engraving.

Q1: During which time period did the legend of Virgil in his Basket arise?
A1: Middle Ages
Q2: What is the name of the beautiful woman who Virgil enamoured?
A2: Lucretia
Q3: Which story did Virgil being left halfway in basket parallel?
A3: Phyllis riding Aristotle
Q4: Which artist made a woodcut and later an engraving of Virgil and his basket?
A4: Lucas van Leyden