LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Russian_language
Topic: Language and literature

In Armenia Russian has no official status, but it's recognised as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 15,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 1 million active speakers. 30% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 2% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is spoken by 1.4% of the population according to a 2009 estimate from the World Factbook.

Q1: What convention recognizes Russian in Armenia?
A1: Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
Q2: How many Armenians speak Russian natively?
A2: 15,000
Q3: How many Armenians speak Russian actively?
A3: 1 million
Q4: What percent of Armenia speaks Russian?
A4: 30%
Q5: What percent of Armenia uses Russian as their main language?
A5: 2%
Title: Somerset
Topic: Geography and places

In Arthurian legend, Avalon became associated with Glastonbury Tor when monks at Glastonbury Abbey claimed to have discovered the bones of King Arthur and his queen. What is more certain is that Glastonbury was an important religious centre by 700 and claims to be "the oldest above-ground Christian church in the World" situated "in the mystical land of Avalon." The claim is based on dating the founding of the community of monks at AD 63, the year of the legendary visit of Joseph of Arimathea, who was supposed to have brought the Holy Grail. During the Middle Ages there were also important religious sites at Woodspring Priory and Muchelney Abbey. The present Diocese of Bath and Wells covers Somerset – with the exception of the Parish of Abbots Leigh with Leigh Woods in North Somerset – and a small area of Dorset. The Episcopal seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells is now in the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew in the city of Wells, having previously been at Bath Abbey. Before the English Reformation, it was a Roman Catholic diocese; the county now falls within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Clifton. The Benedictine monastery Saint Gregory's Abbey, commonly known as Downside Abbey, is at Stratton-on-the-Fosse, and the ruins of the former Cistercian Cleeve Abbey are near the village of Washford.

Q1: What does Artharian legend claim about Glastonbury
A1: Avalon became associated with Glastonbury Tor when monks at Glastonbury Abbey claimed to have discovered the bones of King Arthur and his queen
Q2: What is built in Avalon 
A2: the oldest above-ground Christian church in the World" situated "in the mystical land of Avalon
Q3: The Episcopal seat of the Bishop is now where 
A3: The Episcopal seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells is now in the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew in the city of Wells, having previously been at Bath Abbey
Q4: Where is St Greggorys abbey
A4: is at Stratton-on-the-Fosse, and the ruins of the former Cistercian Cleeve Abbey are near the village of Washford
Title: 51st_state
Topic: Language and literature

In Article 3 of the Treaty of San Francisco between the Allied Powers and Japan, which came into force in April 1952, the U.S. put the outlying islands of the Ryukyus, including the island of Okinawa—home to over 1 million Okinawans related to the Japanese—and the Bonin Islands, the Volcano Islands, and Iwo Jima into U.S. trusteeship. All these trusteeships were slowly returned to Japanese rule. Okinawa was returned on May 15, 1972, but the U.S. stations troops in the island's bases as a defense for Japan.

Q1: When did Artcle 3 of the Treaty of San Francisco come into effect?
A1: April 1952
Q2: How many people lived on the island of Okinawa?
A2: over 1 million
Q3: When was Okinawa finally returned?
A3: May 15, 1972
Q4: Why did the US have troops on Okinawa?
A4: as a defense for Japan.
Title: Translation
Topic: Language and literature

In Asia, the spread of Buddhism led to large-scale ongoing translation efforts spanning well over a thousand years. The Tangut Empire was especially efficient in such efforts; exploiting the then newly invented block printing, and with the full support of the government (contemporary sources describe the Emperor and his mother personally contributing to the translation effort, alongside sages of various nationalities), the Tanguts took mere decades to translate volumes that had taken the Chinese centuries to render.[citation needed]

Q1: Where did Buddhism spread?
A1: Asia
Q2: Buddhism's spread led to what large-scale effort?
A2: translation
Q3: How long did the translation effort take?
A3: well over a thousand years
Q4: What Empire was especially good at translation?
A4: The Tangut Empire
Q5: What were the Tanguts able to do in only decades that took the Chinese centuries?
A5: translate volumes
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

In Asia, various Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates controlled the Asian sphere. In Japan, the Edo period from 1600 to 1868 is also referred to as the early modern period. And in Korea, from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong is referred to as the early modern period. In the Americas, Native Americans had built a large and varied civilization, including the Aztec Empire and alliance, the Inca civilization, the Mayan Empire and cities, and the Chibcha Confederation. In the west, the European kingdoms and movements were in a movement of reformation and expansion. Russia reached the Pacific coast in 1647 and consolidated its control over the Russian Far East in the 19th century.

Q1: Who controlled the Asian Sphere during the period between 1600-1868?
A1: Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates
Q2: What is the period between 1600-1868 referred to as?
A2: the Edo period
Q3: What is the Edo period also known as?
A3: the early modern period
Q4: What is time is considered the "Modern Period" in Korea?
A4: from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong
Q5: Name one of the tribes Native Americans established in the Americas.
A5: Aztec Empire
Q6: What two groups controlled the Asian Sphere?
A6: Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates
Q7: What time is referred to as the Edo period?
A7: 1600 to 1868
Q8: What is the 'Early Modern period" known as in Japan?
A8: the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong
Q9: Name one of the tribes Native Americans formed in the Americas?
A9: Aztec Empire
Title: Dog
Topic: Natural sciences

In Asian countries such as China, Korea, and Japan, dogs are viewed as kind protectors. The role of the dog in Chinese mythology includes a position as one of the twelve animals which cyclically represent years (the zodiacal dog).

Q1: Three Asian countries see dogs as what?
A1: kind protectors.
Q2: What country has the dog as part of its 12 animals that represent years?
A2: China
Q3: How are dogs viewed in Asian countries?
A3: as kind protectors
Title: Houston
Topic: History

In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs—Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen—from New York, purchased 6,642 acres (26.88 km2) of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the popular general at the Battle of San Jacinto, who was elected President of Texas in September 1836. The great majority of slaves in Texas came with their owners from the older slave states. Sizable numbers, however, came through the domestic slave trade. New Orleans was the center of this trade in the Deep South, but there were slave dealers in Houston. Thousands of enslaved African-Americans lived near the city before the Civil War. Many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs. In 1860 forty-nine percent of the city's population was enslaved. A few slaves, perhaps as many as 2,000 between 1835 and 1865, came through the illegal African trade. Post-war Texas grew rapidly as migrants poured into the cotton lands of the state. They also brought or purchased enslaved African Americans, whose numbers nearly tripled in the state from 1850 to 1860, from 58,000 to 182,566.

Q1: Where were Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen from?
A1: New York
Q2: How many acres of land did Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen purchase in 1836?
A2: 6,642
Q3: What was the reason the Allen brothers purchased land in 1836?
A3: founding a city
Q4: Who did the Allen brothers name the city they founded after?
A4: Sam Houston
Q5: In what year was Sam Houston elected President of Texas?
A5: 1836
Q6: Who bought land along Buffalo Bayou to build a city?
A6: Allen brothers
Q7: How much land did the Allen brothers buy?
A7: 6,642 acres
Q8: After which famous general was the city named?
A8: Sam Houston
Q9: In 1860 what percentage of the city's population was slaves?
A9: forty-nine percent
Q10: How much did the slave population of Houston increase from 1850 to 1860?
A10: tripled
Title: Crimean_War
Topic: History

In August 1855 a Franco-British naval force captured and destroyed the Russian Bomarsund fortress on Åland Islands. In the same month, the Western Allied Baltic Fleet tried to destroy heavily defended Russian dockyards at Sveaborg outside Helsinki. More than 1000 enemy guns tested the strength of the fortress for two days. Despite the shelling, the sailors of the 120-gun ship Rossiya, led by Captain Viktor Poplonsky, defended the entrance to the harbor. The Allies fired over 20,000 shells but failed to defeat the Russian batteries. A massive new fleet of more than 350 gunboats and mortar vessels was prepared[by whom?], but before the attack was launched, the war ended.

Q1: When did the French and British capture the Russian Bomarsund fortress?
A1: August 1855
Q2: Where was the Russian Bomarsund fortress at?
A2: Åland Islands
Q3: Who led the ship Rossiya?
A3: Captain Viktor Poplonsky
Q4: What was captain Viktor Poplonsky defending? 
A4: entrance to the harbor
Title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact
Topic: History

In August 1940, the Soviet Union briefly suspended its deliveries under their commercial agreement after their relations were strained following disagreement over policy in Romania, the Soviet war with Finland, Germany falling behind in its deliveries of goods under the pact and with Stalin worried that Hitler's war with the West might end quickly after France signed an armistice. The suspension created significant resource problems for Germany. By the end of August, relations improved again as the countries had redrawn the Hungarian and Romanian borders, settled some Bulgarian claims and Stalin was again convinced that Germany would face a long war in the west with Britain's improvement in its air battle with Germany and the execution of an agreement between the United States and Britain regarding destroyers and bases. However, in late August, Germany arranged its own occupation of Romania, targeting oil fields. The move raised tensions with the Soviets, who responded that Germany was supposed to have consulted with the Soviet Union under Article III of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.

Q1: Who stopped the trade because of a disagreement involving Romania?
A1: Soviet Union
Q2: What regions were redrawn in effort to improve relations between Germany and the Soviets?
A2: Hungarian and Romanian borders
Q3: Who started refining Romanian oil?
A3: Germany
Title: Pacific_War
Topic: History

In August 1943 the Allies formed a new South East Asia Command (SEAC) to take over strategic responsibilities for Burma and India from the British India Command, under Wavell. In October 1943 Winston Churchill appointed Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten as its Supreme Commander. The British and Indian Fourteenth Army was formed to face the Japanese in Burma. Under Lieutenant General William Slim, its training, morale and health greatly improved. The American General Joseph Stilwell, who also was deputy commander to Mountbatten and commanded U.S. forces in the China Burma India Theater, directed aid to China and prepared to construct the Ledo Road to link India and China by land.

Q1: What Allied command replaced the British India Command in August, 1943?
A1: South East Asia Command
Q2: Who was appointed Supreme Commander of the SEAC in October, 1943?
A2: Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten
Q3: Who was deputy commander to Mountbatten?
A3: General Joseph Stilwell
Q4: What was the name of the new link between India and China by land?
A4: Ledo Road
Q5: The British and Indian Fourteenth Army was formed to take on what force?
A5: Japanese in Burma
Title: Sony_Music_Entertainment
Topic: Music

In August 2004, Sony entered joint venture with equal partner Bertelsmann, by merging Sony Music and Bertelsmann Music Group, Germany, to establish Sony BMG Music Entertainment. However Sony continued to operate its Japanese music business independently from Sony BMG while BMG Japan was made part of the merger.

Q1: In what year did Sony and BMG Germany merge?
A1: 2004
Title: Houston
Topic: History

In August 2005, Houston became a shelter to more than 150,000 people from New Orleans who evacuated from Hurricane Katrina. One month later, approximately 2.5 million Houston area residents evacuated when Hurricane Rita approached the Gulf Coast, leaving little damage to the Houston area. This was the largest urban evacuation in the history of the United States. In September 2008, Houston was hit by Hurricane Ike. As many as forty percent refused to leave Galveston Island because they feared the traffic problems that happened after Hurricane Rita.

Q1: How many people evacuated to Houston after Hurricane Katrina?
A1: 150,000
Q2: What event caused 2.5 million people to evacuate through Houston?
A2: Hurricane Rita
Q3: The evacuation of the Gulf coast before Hurricane Rita was what type of evacuation?
A3: largest urban evacuation
Q4: When did Hurricane Ike hit the Houston area?
A4: September 2008
Q5: Fearing traffic problems, how many people refused to leave Galveston before Hurricane Ike?
A5: forty percent
Title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation
Topic: History

In August 2007 Virgil Griffith, a Caltech computation and neural-systems graduate student, created a searchable database that linked changes made by anonymous Wikipedia editors to companies and organizations from which the changes were made. The database cross-referenced logs of Wikipedia edits with publicly available records pertaining to the internet IP addresses edits were made from. Griffith was motivated by the edits from the United States Congress, and wanted to see if others were similarly promoting themselves. The tool was designed to detect conflict of interest edits. Among his findings were that FBI computers were used to edit the FBI article in Wikipedia. Although the edits correlated with known FBI IP addresses, there was no proof that the changes actually came from a member or employee of the FBI, only that someone who had access to their network had edited the FBI article in Wikipedia. Wikipedia spokespersons received Griffith's "WikiScanner" positively, noting that it helped prevent conflicts of interest from influencing articles as well as increasing transparency and mitigating attempts to remove or distort relevant facts.

Q1: What was Virgil Griffith focused on?
A1: computation and neural-systems
Q2: What part of the government was editing its own wikipedia page?
A2: United States Congress
Q3: What was Griffith's tool designed to detect?
A3: conflict of interest edits
Q4: What did Griffith's tool help increase?
A4: transparency
Q5: How as Griffith's wikipedia scanner viewed by wikipedia?
A5: positively
Title: Myanmar
Topic: Geography and places

In August 2007, an increase in the price of diesel and petrol led to Saffron Revolution led by Buddhist monks that were dealt with harshly by the government. The government cracked down on them on 26 September 2007. The crackdown was harsh, with reports of barricades at the Shwedagon Pagoda and monks killed. There were also rumours of disagreement within the Burmese armed forces, but none was confirmed. The military crackdown against unarmed protesters was widely condemned as part of the International reactions to the Saffron Revolution and led to an increase in economic sanctions against the Burmese Government.

Q1: What was the cause of the insurrection in the summer of 2007 ?
A1: an increase in the price of diesel and petrol
Q2: What was the name of the insurgency lead by Buddhist Monks?
A2: Saffron Revolution
Q3: Did the insurgency lead to any economic changes in Burma ?
A3: an increase in economic sanctions against the Burmese Government.
Q4: How did the world respond to the reported acts of military violence during the Burmese revolution of 2007?
A4: The military crackdown against unarmed protesters was widely condemned as part of the International reactions
Title: Kanye_West
Topic: Music

In August 2008, West revealed plans to open 10 Fatburger restaurants in the Chicago area; the first was set to open in September 2008 in Orland Park. The second followed in January 2009, while a third location is yet to be revealed, although the process is being finalized. His company, KW Foods LLC, bought the rights to the chain in Chicago. Ultimately, in 2009, only two locations actually opened. In February 2011, West shut down the Fatburger located in Orland Park. Later that year, the remaining Beverly location also was shuttered.

Q1: What restaurant chain did Kanye aspire to open in his native Chicago?
A1: Fatburger
Q2: How many restaurants did Kanye open?
A2: 2
Q3: What happened to the Fatburger chains that Kanye established?
A3: shut down
Q4: What was the name of the restaurant Kanye annouced he was opening?
A4: Fatburger
Q5: How many  of Kanye's Fatburger restaurants were actually opened?
A5: 2
Q6: When was Kanye's last Fatburger restaurant closed?
A6: 2011
Q7: What is the name of Kanye West's food company?
A7: KW Foods LLC
Title: Arena_Football_League
Topic: Sports and recreation

In August 2012, the AFL announced a new project into China, known as the China American Football League. The CAFL project is headed up by ESPN NFL analyst and Philadelphia Soul majority owner president Ron Jaworski. The plans were to establish a six-team league that would play a 10-week schedule that was slated to start in October 2014. The AFL coaches and trainers will travel to China to help teach the rules of the sport to squads made up of Chinese and American players with the goal of starting an official Chinese arena league. Ganlan Media International were given exclusive rights to the new Chinese league.

Q1: What league did the AFL found in China?
A1: the China American Football League
Q2: When was the AFL's China project announced?
A2: August 2012
Q3: Who is leading the China American Football League?
A3: Ron Jaworski
Q4: What television network does Ron Jaworski work for?
A4: ESPN
Q5: What team is Ron Jaworski the majority owner of?
A5: Philadelphia Soul
Title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)
Topic: History

In August 2013, The Irish Sun ended the practice of featuring topless models on Page 3. The main newspaper was reported to have followed in 2015 with the edition of 16 January supposedly the last to carry such photographs after a report in The Times made such an assertion. After substantial coverage in the media about an alleged change in editorial policy, Page 3 returned to its usual format on 22 January 2015. A few hours before the issue was published, the Head of PR at the newspaper said the reputed end of Page 3 had been "speculation" only.

Q1: What did The Irish Sun stop doing in 2013?
A1: featuring topless models on Page 3
Q2: What was stated to be the last edition of the regular Sun to publish topless models?
A2: the edition of 16 January
Q3: Which newspaper claimed that The Sun stopped featuring topless models in 2013?
A3: The Times
Q4: What happened on 22 January 2015?
A4: Page 3 returned to its usual format
Q5: What did The Sun's Head of PR say about the reported editorial change at The Sun?
A5: the reputed end of Page 3 had been "speculation" only
Title: Aircraft_carrier
Topic: Warfare

In August 2013, a launching ceremony for Japan's largest military ship since World War II was held in Yokohama. The 820-foot-long (250 m), 19,500-ton flattop Izumo was deployed in March 2015. The ship is able to carry up to 14 helicopters; however, only seven ASW helicopters and two SAR helicopters were planned for the initial aircraft complement. For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried. The flight deck has five helicopter landing spots that allow simultaneous landings or take-offs. The ship is equipped with two Phalanx CIWS and two SeaRAM for its defense. The destroyers of this class were initially intended to replace the two ships of the Shirane class, which were originally scheduled to begin decommissioning in FY2014.

Q1: What was the August 2013 launching ceremony in Yokohama held for?
A1: Japan's largest military ship since World War II
Q2: How many helicopters can simultaneously land on Japan's largest military ship?
A2: five
Q3: How long is Japan's largest military ship?
A3: 820-foot-long (250 m)
Q4: How many troops can Japan's largest military ship carry?
A4: 400
Q5: How much does Japan's largest military ship weigh?
A5: 19,500-ton
Title: Beyoncé
Topic: Music

In August, the couple attended the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, at which Beyoncé performed "Love on Top" and started the performance saying "Tonight I want you to stand up on your feet, I want you to feel the love that's growing inside of me". At the end of the performance, she dropped her microphone, unbuttoned her blazer and rubbed her stomach, confirming her pregnancy she had alluded to earlier in the evening. Her appearance helped that year's MTV Video Music Awards become the most-watched broadcast in MTV history, pulling in 12.4 million viewers; the announcement was listed in Guinness World Records for "most tweets per second recorded for a single event" on Twitter, receiving 8,868 tweets per second and "Beyonce pregnant" was the most Googled term the week of August 29, 2011.

Q1: Jay Z and Beyonce attended which event together in August of 2011?
A1: MTV Video Music Awards
Q2: Beyonce confirmed what after performing one of her songs?
A2: her pregnancy
Q3: How many people watched the 2011 MTV Music Awards?
A3: 12.4 million
Q4: Where did she announce her pregnancy?
A4: 2011 MTV Video Music Awards
Q5: Why was the broadcast the most-watched in history?
A5: Her appearance
Q6: What even was recorded in the Guinness World Records?
A6: most tweets per second
Q7: What was the most searched term in week of Aug 29, 2011?
A7: Beyonce pregnant
Q8: What song did she perform at the MTV Awards?
A8: Love on Top
Q9: Where did Beyoncé announce her pregnancy?
A9: 2011 MTV Video Music Awards
Q10: What song did Beyoncé sing prior to announcing her pregnancy?
A10: Love on Top
Q11: How many people watched the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards?
A11: 12.4 million
Q12: What was the most searched term on Google for the week of August 29, 2011?
A12: Beyonce pregnant
Title: Presbyterianism
Topic: History

In Australia, Presbyterianism is the fourth largest denomination of Christianity, with nearly 600,000 Australians claiming to be Presbyterian in the 2006 Commonwealth Census. Presbyterian churches were founded in each colony, some with links to the Church of Scotland and others to the Free Church. There were also congregations originating from United Presbyterian Church of Scotland as well as a number founded by John Dunmore Lang. Most of these bodies merged between 1859 and 1870, and in 1901 formed a federal union called the Presbyterian Church of Australia but retaining their state assemblies. The Presbyterian Church of Eastern Australia representing the Free Church of Scotland tradition, and congregations in Victoria of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, originally from Ireland, are the other existing denominations dating from colonial times.

Q1: How many members make up the Presbyterian church in Australia?
A1: 600,000
Q2: Which Australian church follows the traditions of Scotland Presbyterians?
A2: The Presbyterian Church of Eastern Australia
Q3: Most of the churches in Australia merged in which years?
A3: 1859 and 1870, and in 1901
Title: Royal_assent
Topic: History

In Australia, a technical issue arose with the royal assent in both 1976 and 2001. In 1976, a bill originating in the House of Representatives was mistakenly submitted to the Governor-General and assented to. However, it was later discovered that it had not been passed by each house. The error arose because two bills of the same title had originated from the house. The Governor-General revoked the first assent, before assenting to the bill which had actually passed. The same procedure was followed to correct a similar error which arose in 2001.

Q1: The bill from the Australian House of Representatives was mistakenly sent and assented to by whom in 1976?
A1: Governor-General
Q2: Why did this occur?
A2: two bills of the same title had originated from the house
Q3: What did the Governor-General do with the first assent?
A3: revoked the first assent
Q4: This same procedure was more recently done to fix a similar error in which year?
A4: 2001
Q5: What was the reason a bill was accidentally assented in 1976?
A5: two bills of the same title had originated from the house
Q6: After an accidental assention of a bill with same name in 1976, when did a similar mistaken assention occur in Australia?
A6: 2001
Q7: What protocol was not followed in 1976 when a bill was mistakenly assented?
A7: it had not been passed by each house
Q8: How was the case of two bills mistakenly assented corrected both in 1796 and 2001?
A8: The Governor-General revoked the first assent, before assenting to the bill which had actually passed
Title: Nonprofit_organization
Topic: Social sciences and society

In Australia, nonprofit organisations include trade unions, charitable entities, co-operatives, universities and hospitals, mutual societies, grass-root and support groups, political parties, religious groups, incorporated associations, not-for-profit companies, trusts and more. Furthermore, they operate across a multitude of domains and industries, from health, employment, disability and other human services to local sporting clubs, credit unions and research institutes. A nonprofit organisation in Australia can choose from a number of legal forms depending on the needs and activities of the organisation: co-operative, company limited by guarantee, unincorporated association, incorporated association (by the Associations Incorporation Act 1985) or incorporated association or council (by the Commonwealth Aboriginal Councils and Associations Act 1976). From an academic perspective, social enterprise is for the most part considered a sub-set of the nonprofit sector as typically they too are concerned with a purpose relating to a public good, however these are not bound to adhere to a nonprofit legal structure and many incorporate and operate as for-profit entities.

Q1: What is the biggest concern of non-profits in Australia?
A1: a purpose relating to a public good
Q2: When was the Commonwealth Aboriginal Councils and Associations Act adopted?
A2: 1976
Q3: When was the Associations Incorporation Act adopted?
A3: 1985
Q4: What does the Associations Incorporation Act cover?
A4: incorporated association
Q5: Who covers incorporated associations or councils?
A5: Commonwealth Aboriginal Councils and Associations Act
Title: Prime_minister
Topic: Social sciences and society

In Australia, the Prime Minister is expected to step down if s/he loses the majority support of his/her party under a spill motion as have many such as Tony Abbott, Julia Gillard and Kevin Rudd.

Q1: What process signals the need for the prime minister to resign in Australia?
A1: spill motion
Title: Royal_assent
Topic: History

In Australia, the formal ceremony of granting assent in parliament has not been regularly used since the early 20th century. Now, the bill is sent to the governor-general's residence by the house in which it originated. The governor-general then signs the bill, sending messages to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, who notify their respective houses of the governor-general's action. A similar practice is followed in New Zealand, where the governor-general has not personally granted the Royal Assent in parliament since 1875.

Q1: In what year did the New Zealand governor-general last personally grant the royal assent in parliament?
A1: 1875
Q2: Which country has not used the formal assention ceremony since the early 20th century?
A2: Australia
Q3: Who are the leaders of each house given the responsibility of informing their group of the governor-generals actions?
A3: President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives
Title: Supreme_court
Topic: Language and literature

In Austria, the Austrian Constitution of 1920 (based on a draft by Hans Kelsen) introduced judicial review of legislative acts for their constitutionality. This function is performed by the Constitutional Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof), which is also charged with the review of administrative acts on whether they violate constitutionally guaranteed rights. Other than that, administrative acts are reviewed by the Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof). The Supreme Court (Oberste Gerichtshof (OGH)), stands at the top of Austria's system of "ordinary courts" (ordentliche Gerichte) as the final instance in issues of private law and criminal law.

Q1: What document established judicial oversight of legislation in Austria?
A1: the Austrian Constitution of 1920
Q2: What court is charged with the responsibility of deciding the constitutionality of laws in Austria?
A2: Constitutional Court
Q3: What is the German word for this constitutional high court?
A3: Verfassungsgerichtshof
Q4: What is the Constitutional Court's power over the executive branch of Austrian government?
A4: the review of administrative acts on whether they violate constitutionally guaranteed rights
Q5: The Supreme Court of Austria is known by what German name?
A5: Oberste Gerichtshof (OGH)
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

In Babylonian astronomy, records of the motions of the stars, planets, and the moon are left on thousands of clay tablets created by scribes. Even today, astronomical periods identified by Mesopotamian proto-scientists are still widely used in Western calendars such as the solar year and the lunar month. Using these data they developed arithmetical methods to compute the changing length of daylight in the course of the year and to predict the appearances and disappearances of the Moon and planets and eclipses of the Sun and Moon. Only a few astronomers' names are known, such as that of Kidinnu, a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician. Kiddinu's value for the solar year is in use for today's calendars. Babylonian astronomy was "the first and highly successful attempt at giving a refined mathematical description of astronomical phenomena." According to the historian A. Aaboe, "all subsequent varieties of scientific astronomy, in the Hellenistic world, in India, in Islam, and in the West—if not indeed all subsequent endeavour in the exact sciences—depend upon Babylonian astronomy in decisive and fundamental ways."

Q1: Who wrote on the clay tablets in Babylonian astronomy?
A1: scribes
Q2: Where are Mesopotamian astronomical periods still used?
A2: in Western calendars
Q3: Who was Kidinnu?
A3: a Chaldean astronomer and mathematician
Q4: Who believes that the Hellenistic world relies on Babylonian astronomy?
A4: A. Aaboe
Q5: Where can Kidinnu's solar year be found in use?
A5: today's calendars
Title: Royal_assent
Topic: History

In Belgium, the sanction royale has the same legal effect as royal assent; the Belgian constitution requires a theoretically possible refusal of royal sanction to be countersigned—as any other act of the monarch—by a minister responsible before the House of Representatives. The monarch promulgates the law, meaning that he or she formally orders that the law be officially published and executed. In 1990, when King Baudouin advised his cabinet he could not, in conscience, sign a bill decriminalising abortion (a refusal patently not covered by a responsible minister), the Council of Ministers, at the King's own request, declared Baudouin incapable of exercising his powers. In accordance with the Belgian constitution, upon the declaration of the sovereign's incapacity, the Council of Ministers assumed the powers of the head of state until parliament could rule on the King's incapacity and appoint a regent. The bill was then assented to by all members of the Council of Ministers "on behalf of the Belgian People". In a joint meeting, both houses of parliament declared the King capable of exercising his powers again the next day.

Q1: What is royal assent called in Belgium?
A1: sanction royale
Q2: Who declared the monarch incapable of acting upon an abortion decriminalization bill in 1990?
A2: Council of Ministers
Q3: Which King refused to sign an abortion decriminalization bill in 1990?
A3: King Baudouin
Q4: Who declared the King capable of excersizing power again after a brief lapse in 1990?
A4: both houses of parliament
Title: Bern
Topic: Geography and places

In Bern, about 50,418 or (39.2%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 24,311 or (18.9%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 24,311 who completed tertiary schooling, 51.6% were Swiss men, 33.0% were Swiss women, 8.9% were non-Swiss men and 6.5% were non-Swiss women.

Q1: What percent of the population has completed non-mandatory upper secondary education?
A1: 39.2%
Q2: What percent of the population has completed additionaly higher education?
A2: 18.9%
Q3: The majority of the population to finish tertiary schooling in bern are what people?
A3: Swiss men
Title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Topic: History

In Bolivia, a 62% majority of residents over the age of 15 self-identify as belonging to an indigenous people, while another 3.7% grew up with an indigenous mother tongue yet do not self-identify as indigenous. Including both of these categories, and children under 15, some 66.4% of Bolivia's population was registered as indigenous in the 2001 Census. The largest indigenous ethnic groups are: Quechua, about 2.5 million people; Aymara, 2.0 million; Chiquitano, 181,000; Guaraní, 126,000; and Mojeño, 69,000. Some 124,000 belong to smaller indigenous groups. The Constitution of Bolivia, enacted in 2009, recognizes 36 cultures, each with its own language, as part of a plurinational state. Some groups, including CONAMAQ (the National Council of Ayllus and Markas of Qullasuyu) draw ethnic boundaries within the Quechua- and Aymara-speaking population, resulting in a total of fifty indigenous peoples native to Bolivia.

Q1: What percentage of the residents in Bolivia self-identify as belonging to an indigenous people?
A1: 62%
Q2: What percent of people in Bolivia grew up with an indigenous mother tongue yet don't call themselves indigenous?
A2: 3.7%
Q3: In the 2001 census, how much of Bolivia's population was labeled as being indigenous?
A3: 66.4%
Q4: How many cultures does the Constitution of Bolivia recognize?
A4: 36
Q5: How many total groups of indigenous peoples are in Bolivia?
A5: fifty
Title: Philosophy_of_space_and_time
Topic: Philosophy and religion

In Book 11 of St. Augustine's Confessions, he ruminates on the nature of time, asking, "What then is time? If no one asks me, I know: if I wish to explain it to one that asketh, I know not." He goes on to comment on the difficulty of thinking about time, pointing out the inaccuracy of common speech: "For but few things are there of which we speak properly; of most things we speak improperly, still the things intended are understood."  But Augustine presented the first philosophical argument for the reality of Creation (against Aristotle) in the context of his discussion of time, saying that knowledge of time depends on the knowledge of the movement of things, and therefore time cannot be where there are no creatures to measure its passing (Confessions Book XI ¶30; City of God Book XI ch.6).

Q1: Which christian philosopher ruminated on time?
A1: St. Augustine
Q2: What did St. Augustine comment on in Book 11, regarding thinking about time?
A2: the difficulty
Q3: Who presented the first philosophical argument for the reality of Creation? 
A3: Augustine
Q4: What did Augustine say that the knowledge of time depended on?
A4: the knowledge of the movement of things
Q5: Where did Augustine say time could not appear?
A5: where there are no creatures to measure its passing
Title: Time
Topic: Philosophy and religion

In Book 11 of his Confessions, St. Augustine of Hippo ruminates on the nature of time, asking, "What then is time? If no one asks me, I know: if I wish to explain it to one that asketh, I know not." He begins to define time by what it is not rather than what it is, an approach similar to that taken in other negative definitions. However, Augustine ends up calling time a “distention” of the mind (Confessions 11.26) by which we simultaneously grasp the past in memory, the present by attention, and the future by expectation.

Q1: Who commented on the nature of time in Book 11 of his confessions?
A1: St. Augustine of Hippo
Q2: By what does St. Augustine of Hippo begin to define time?
A2: by what it is not rather than what it is
Q3: What does Augustine call time in Confessions 11.26?
A3: a “distention” of the mind
Title: Presbyterianism
Topic: History

In Brazil, the Presbyterian Church of Brazil (Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil) totals approximately 1,011,300 members; other Presbyterian churches (Independents, United, Conservatives, Renovated, etc.) in this nation have around 350,000 members. The Renewed Presbyterian Church in Brazil was influenced by the charismatic movement and has about 131 000 members as of 2011. The Conservative Presbyterian Church was founded in 1940 and has eight presbyteries. The Fundamentalist Presbyterian church in Brazil was influenced by Karl McIntosh and the Bible Presbyterian church USA and has around 1 800 members. The Independent Presbyterian Church in Brasil was founded in 1903 by pastor Pereira, has 500 congregations and 75 000 members. The United Presbyterian Church in Brazil has around 4 000 members. There are also ethnic Korean Presbyterian churches in the country. The Evangelical Reformed Church in Brazil has Dutch origin. The Reformed Churches in Brazil were recently founded by the Canadian Reformed Churches with the Reformed Church in the Netherlands (liberated).

Q1: How many members are in the Presbyterian Church of Brazil?
A1: 1,011,300
Q2: As of 2011, how many members were in The Renewed Presbyterian Church in Brazil?
A2: 131 000
Q3: When was Conservative Presbyterian Church formed?
A3: 1940
Q4: What is the name of the Presbyterian church in Brazil with Dutch origins?
A4: The Evangelical Reformed Church in Brazil
Title: Supreme_court
Topic: Language and literature

In Brazil, the Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal) is the highest court. It is both the constitutional court and the court of last resort in Brazilian law. It only reviews cases that may be unconstitutional or final habeas corpus pleads for criminal cases. It also judges, in original jurisdiction, cases involving members of congress, senators, ministers of state, members of the high courts and the President and Vice-President of the Republic. The Superior Court of Justice (Tribunal Superior de Justiça) reviews State and Federal Circuit courts decisions for civil law and criminal law cases, when dealing with federal law or conflicting rulings. The Superior Labour Tribunal (Tribunal Superior do Trabalho) reviews cases involving labour law. The Superior Electoral Tribunal (Tribunal Superior Eleitoral) is the court of last resort of electoral law, and also oversees general elections. The Superior Military Tribunal (Tribunal Superior Militar) is the highest court in matters of federal military law.

Q1: What is the highest court in Brazil?
A1: Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal)
Q2: What are the two areas this court has supremacy over?
A2: cases that may be unconstitutional or final habeas corpus pleads for criminal cases
Q3: Which legislative bodies does this court sit in cases over?
A3: cases involving members of congress, senators
Q4: What other government officials are subject to judgments of Brazil's highest court?
A4: ministers of state, members of the high courts and the President and Vice-President of the Republic
Q5: What is Brazil's high court for labor law?
A5: The Superior Labour Tribunal (Tribunal Superior do Trabalho)
Title: Federalism
Topic: History

In Brazil, the fall of the monarchy in 1889 by a military coup d'état led to the rise of the presidential system, headed by Deodoro da Fonseca. Aided by well-known jurist Ruy Barbosa, Fonseca established federalism in Brazil by decree, but this system of government would be confirmed by every Brazilian constitution since 1891, although some of them would distort some of the federalist principles. The 1937 Constitution, for example, granted the federal government the authority to appoint State Governors (called interventors) at will, thus centralizing power in the hands of President Getúlio Vargas. Brazil also uses the Fonseca system to regulate interstate trade. Brazil is one of the biggest federal governments.

Q1: When was Brazil's fall of the monarchy?
A1: 1889
Q2: Who caused the fall of the monarchy happened in Brazil?
A2: military coup d'état led to the rise of the presidential system, headed by Deodoro da Fonseca.
Q3: When did Brazil adopt federalism? 
A3: 1891
Q4: What other system does Brazil use? 
A4: Fonseca system
Q5: What is the fonseca system? 
A5: regulate interstate trade
Title: Child_labour
Topic: Social sciences and society

In Brazil, the minimum working age has been identified as fourteen due to continuous constitutional amendments that occurred in 1934, 1937, and 1946. Yet due to a change in the dictatorship by the military in the 80’s, the minimum age restriction was reduced to the age of twelve but was reviewed due to reports of dangerous and hazardous working conditions in 1988. This led to the minimum age being raised once again to 14. Another set of restrictions was passed in 1998 that restricted the kinds of work youth could partake in, such as work that was considered hazardous like running construction equipment, or certain kinds of factory work. Although many steps were taken to reduce the risk and occurrence of child labour, there is still a high number of children and adolescents working under the age of fourteen in Brazil. It was not until recently in the 80’s that it was discovered that almost nine million children in Brazil were working illegally and not partaking in traditional childhood activities that help to develop important life experiences.

Q1: What is the min working age in Brazil?
A1: fourteen
Q2: What year was hazardous working conditions limited to children in Brazil?
A2: 1998
Q3: Is there underage children working in Brazil?
A3: there is still a high number of children and adolescents working under the age of fourteen in Brazil
Q4: In the 80's how many children were working illegally in Brazil?
A4: almost nine million
Title: Neoclassical_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

In Britain a number of architects are active in the neoclassical style. Two new university Libraries, Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College and ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library illustrate that the approach taken can range from the traditional, in the former case, to the unconventional, in the latter case. Recently, Prince Charles came under controversy for promoting a classically designed development on the land of the former Chelsea Barracks in London. Writing to the Qatari Royal family (who were funding the development through the property development company Qatari Diar) he condemned the accepted modernist plans, instead advocating a classical approach. His appeal was met with success and the plans were withdrawn. A new design by architecture house Dixon Jones is currently being drafted.

Q1: Who has stirred controversy for development and design of Chelsea Barracks?
A1: Prince Charles
Q2: What family was funding the development of former Chelsea Barracks?
A2: Qatari Royal family
Q3: What new library illustrates the traditional style of neoclassicism?
A3: Quinlan Terry's Maitland Robinson Library at Downing College
Q4: What is the name of the library that illustrates the unconventional style of neoclassical?
A4: ADAM Architecture's Sackler Library
Q5: Is neoclassical design current in Britain?
A5: a number of architects are active in the neoclassical
Title: Anti-aircraft_warfare
Topic: Warfare

In Britain and some other armies, the single artillery branch has been responsible for both home and overseas ground-based air defence, although there was divided responsibility with the Royal Navy for air defence of the British Isles in World War I. However, during the Second World War the RAF Regiment was formed to protect airfields everywhere, and this included light air defences. In the later decades of the Cold War this included the United States Air Force's operating bases in UK. However, all ground-based air defence was removed from Royal Air Force (RAF) jurisdiction in 2004. The British Army's Anti-Aircraft Command was disbanded in March 1955, but during the 1960s and 1970s the RAF's Fighter Command operated long-range air -defence missiles to protect key areas in the UK. During World War II the Royal Marines also provided air defence units; formally part of the mobile naval base defence organisation, they were handled as an integral part of the army-commanded ground based air defences.

Q1: Who provided part of the air defence of the British Isles in WWI
A1: Royal Navy
Q2: Who protected airfields in WWII?
A2: RAF Regiment
Q3: The United States Air Force helped protect the UK during what 'war'?
A3: Cold War
Q4: What year was ground-based air defence taken from RAF?
A4: 2004
Q5: What was disbanded in 1955?
A5: British Army's Anti-Aircraft Command
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

In Britain's "imperial century", victory over Napoleon left Britain without any serious international rival, other than Russia in central Asia. Unchallenged at sea, Britain adopted the role of global policeman, a state of affairs later known as the Pax Britannica, and a foreign policy of "splendid isolation". Alongside the formal control it exerted over its own colonies, Britain's dominant position in world trade meant that it effectively controlled the economies of many nominally independent countries, such as China, Argentina and Siam, which has been generally characterized as "informal empire". Of note during this time was the Anglo-Zulu War, which was fought in 1879 between the British Empire and the Zulu Empire.

Q1: What did defeating Napoleon leave Britain without?
A1: any serious international rival
Q2: Why did Britain adopt the role of Global Policemen?
A2: Unchallenged at sea
Q3: Britain adopting the role as global policeman is known as
A3: Pax Britannica
Q4: What was Britain's foreign policy called?
A4: splendid isolation
Q5: Britain's dominant position in the world trade allowed them to do what?
A5: effectively controlled the economies of many nominally independent countries, such as China, Argentina and Siam
Title: Daylight_saving_time
Topic: Engineering and technology

In Britain, Willett's 1907 proposal used the term daylight saving, but by 1911 the term summer time replaced daylight saving time in draft legislation. Continental Europe uses similar phrases, such as Sommerzeit in Germany, zomertijd in Dutch-speaking regions, kesäaika in Finland, horario de verano or hora de verano in Spain and heure d'été in France, whereas in Italy the term is ora legale, that is, legal time (legally enforced time) as opposed to "ora solare", solar time, in winter.

Q1: Which term did Willett use in his 1907 proposal to refer to DST?
A1: daylight saving
Q2: What phrase had replaced daylight saving time by 1911 as Willett's proposal evolved into draft legislation?
A2: summer time
Q3: What word do speakers of Dutch use for DST?
A3: zomertijd
Q4: What term do Italians use for DST that literally translates as "legal time"?
A4: ora legale
Q5: What does the Italian term for their winter time, ora solare, translate to in English?
A5: solar time