LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Freemasonry
Topic: Unknown

At the dawn of the Grand Lodge era, during the 1720s, James Anderson composed the first printed constitutions for Freemasons, the basis for most subsequent constitutions, which specifically excluded women from Freemasonry. As Freemasonry spread, continental masons began to include their ladies in Lodges of Adoption, which worked three degrees with the same names as the men's but different content. The French officially abandoned the experiment in the early 19th century. Later organisations with a similar aim emerged in the United States, but distinguished the names of the degrees from those of male masonry.

Q1: When were the first constitutions for Freemasonry printed?
A1: during the 1720s
Q2: Who composed the first printed constitutions for Freemasonry?
A2: James Anderson
Q3: Which group was specifically excluded from Freemasonry in the printed constitutions?
A3: women
Q4: What was created for women as Freemasonry began to spread?
A4: Lodges of Adoption
Q5: When was the idea of the Lodges for Adoption abandoned?
A5: early 19th century
Q6: When was the dawn of the Grand Lodge era?
A6: during the 1720s
Q7: Who composed the first printed constitutions for Freemasons?
A7: James Anderson
Q8: Who is excluded from Freemasonry?
A8: women
Q9: What were lodges called that included women?
A9: Lodges of Adoption
Q10: Who abandoned the including of women in Freemasonry experiment in the early 19'th century?
A10: The French
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

At the decision-making point of their lives, youth is susceptible to drug addiction, sexual abuse, peer pressure, violent crimes and other illegal activities. Developmental Intervention Science (DIS) is a fusion of the literature of both developmental and intervention sciences. This association conducts youth interventions that mutually assist both the needs of the community as well as psychologically stranded youth by focusing on risky and inappropriate behaviors while promoting positive self-development along with self-esteem among adolescents.

Q1: What is DIS?
A1: a fusion of the literature of both developmental and intervention sciences
Q2: What are some of the negative things adolescents are susceptible to?
A2: drug addiction, sexual abuse, peer pressure, violent crimes and other illegal activities
Q3: What does the DIS focus on in adolescents?
A3: risky and inappropriate behaviors
Title: Westminster_Abbey
Topic: Art and architecture

At the east end of the Lady Chapel is a memorial chapel to the airmen of the RAF who were killed in the Second World War. It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war.

Q1: Where is the memorial chapel of the airmen of the RAF?
A1: At the east end of the Lady Chapel
Q2: The memorial chapel of the airmen of the RAF has a window for what?
A2: the Battle of Britain
Q3: The window for the Battle of Britain replaced what that was destroyed?
A3: Tudor stained glass window
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

At the end of 1831, Chopin received the first major endorsement from an outstanding contemporary when Robert Schumann, reviewing the Op. 2 Variations in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung (his first published article on music), declared: "Hats off, gentlemen! A genius." On 26 February 1832 Chopin gave a debut Paris concert at the Salle Pleyel which drew universal admiration. The critic François-Joseph Fétis wrote in the Revue et gazette musicale: "Here is a young man who ... taking no model, has found, if not a complete renewal of piano music, ... an abundance of original ideas of a kind to be found nowhere else ..." After this concert, Chopin realized that his essentially intimate keyboard technique was not optimal for large concert spaces. Later that year he was introduced to the wealthy Rothschild banking family, whose patronage also opened doors for him to other private salons (social gatherings of the aristocracy and artistic and literary elite). By the end of 1832 Chopin had established himself among the Parisian musical elite, and had earned the respect of his peers such as Hiller, Liszt, and Berlioz. He no longer depended financially upon his father, and in the winter of 1832 he began earning a handsome income from publishing his works and teaching piano to affluent students from all over Europe. This freed him from the strains of public concert-giving, which he disliked.

Q1: Who gave Frédéric his first significant public approval in regards to his compositions?
A1: Robert Schumann
Q2: On what date did Frédéric give his first performance at the Salle Pleyel?
A2: 26 February 1832
Q3: What is stated as a hindrance for Frédéric's ability to perform in large concert spaces?
A3: intimate keyboard technique
Q4: Who did Frédéric rely upon financially before earning a great income from his works?
A4: his father
Q5: From whom did Chopin receive his first big endorsement?
A5: Robert Schumann
Q6: When did Chopin debut at Salle Pleyel ?
A6: 26 February 1832
Q7: What affluent family did Chopin gain a patronage from?
A7: Rothschild
Q8: When did Chopin receive his first major endorsement from Robert Schumann?
A8: 1831
Q9: What did Chopin realize was not ideal for larger spaces after his first successful concert in Paris?
A9: keyboard technique
Q10: Once Chopin stopped performing concerts, how did he earn his income?
A10: publishing his works and teaching piano to affluent students
Title: Queen_(band)
Topic: Music

At the end of 2004, May and Taylor announced that they would reunite and return to touring in 2005 with Paul Rodgers (founder and former lead singer of Free and Bad Company). Brian May's website also stated that Rodgers would be "featured with" Queen as "Queen + Paul Rodgers", not replacing Mercury. The retired John Deacon would not be participating. In November 2004, Queen were among the inaugural inductees into the UK Music Hall of Fame, and the award ceremony was the first event at which Rodgers joined May and Taylor as vocalist.

Q1: Paul Rodgers joined Queen in what year?
A1: 2005
Q2: Paul Rodgers used to be the lead singer of what two bands?
A2: Free and Bad Company
Q3: Which retired Queen member did not join the reunion?
A3: John Deacon
Q4: In what year was Queen inducted in the UK Hall of Fame?
A4: 2004
Title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Topic: History

At the end of May 1942, Eisenhower accompanied Lt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold, commanding general of the Army Air Forces, to London to assess the effectiveness of the theater commander in England, Maj. Gen. James E. Chaney. He returned to Washington on June 3 with a pessimistic assessment, stating he had an "uneasy feeling" about Chaney and his staff. On June 23, 1942, he returned to London as Commanding General, European Theater of Operations (ETOUSA), based in London and with a house on Coombe, Kingston upon Thames, and replaced Chaney. He was promoted to lieutenant general on July 7.

Q1: As of May 1942, who commanded the Army Air Forces?
A1: Henry H. Arnold
Q2: To what city did Eisenhower travel to May 1942?
A2: London
Q3: Who commanded the English theater in May 1942?
A3: James E. Chaney
Q4: What appointment did Eisenhower receive on June 23, 1942?
A4: Commanding General, European Theater of Operations
Q5: To what rank was Eisenhower promoted on July 7, 1942?
A5: lieutenant general
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

At the end of November, Chopin returned to Paris. He passed the winter in unremitting illness, but gave occasional lessons and was visited by friends, including Delacroix and Franchomme. Occasionally he played, or accompanied the singing of Delfina Potocka, for his friends. During the summer of 1849, his friends found him an apartment in Chaillot, out of the centre of the city, for which the rent was secretly subsidised by an admirer, Princess Obreskoff. Here in June 1849 he was visited by Jenny Lind.

Q1: Who did Chopin play for while she sang?
A1: Delfina Potocka
Q2: In 1849 where did Chopin live?
A2: Chaillot
Q3: Who was anonymously paying for Chopin's apartment?
A3: Princess Obreskoff
Q4: When did Chopin return to Paris?
A4: November
Q5: Chopin accompanied which singer for friends?
A5: Delfina Potocka
Q6: Where did his friends found Chopin an apartment in 1849?
A6: Chaillot
Q7: Who paid for Chopin's apartment in Chaillot?
A7: Princess Obreskoff.
Q8: When did Jenny Lind visit Chopin?
A8: June 1849
Title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic
Topic: History

At the end of World War II Soviet troops occupied southern Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands, making them part of the RSFSR. The status of the southernmost Kurils remains in dispute with Japan.

Q1: Along with Sakhalin Island, what islands were occupied by the Soviets after the Second World War?
A1: Kuril Islands
Q2: What administrative division did Sakhalin Island become a part of?
A2: the RSFSR
Q3: The ownership of what islands are disputed with Japan?
A3: the southernmost Kurils
Title: Gothic_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

At the end of the 12th century, Europe was divided into a multitude of city states and kingdoms. The area encompassing modern Germany, southern Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, Slovakia, Czech Republic and much of northern Italy (excluding Venice and Papal State) was nominally part of the Holy Roman Empire, but local rulers exercised considerable autonomy. France, Denmark, Poland, Hungary, Portugal, Scotland, Castile, Aragon, Navarre, Sicily and Cyprus were independent kingdoms, as was the Angevin Empire, whose Plantagenet kings ruled England and large domains in what was to become modern France. Norway came under the influence of England, while the other Scandinavian countries and Poland were influenced by trading contacts with the Hanseatic League. Angevin kings brought the Gothic tradition from France to Southern Italy, while Lusignan kings introduced French Gothic architecture to Cyprus.

Q1: At the end of what century was Europe separated into several city states and kingdoms?
A1: the end of the 12th century
Q2: What was the region covering modern Germany, southern Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, Slovakia, Czech Republic and much of northern Italy known as?
A2: the Holy Roman Empire
Q3: What modern country contains regions in which Plantagenet kings controlled large domains?
A3: modern France
Q4: Poland was affected by trade connections with what League?
A4: the Hanseatic League
Q5: What type of kings brought the Gothic style from France to Southern Italy?
A5: Angevin kings
Title: Late_Middle_Ages
Topic: History

At the end of the 15th century the Ottoman Empire advanced all over Southeastern Europe, eventually conquering the Byzantine Empire and extending control over the Balkan states. Hungary was the last bastion of the Latin Christian world in the East, and fought to keep its rule over a period of two centuries. After the tragic death of the young king Vladislaus I of Hungary during the Battle of Varna in 1444 against the Ottomans, the Kingdom was placed in the hands of count John Hunyadi, who became Hungary's regent-governor (1446–1453). Hunyadi was considered one of the most relevant military figures of the 15th century: Pope Pius II awarded him the title of Athleta Christi or Champion of Christ for being the only hope of resisting the Ottomans from advancing to Central and Western Europe.

Q1: Which empire completed its conquest of the Byzantines at the end of the 15th century?
A1: Ottoman
Q2: In what year did the Battle of Varna take place?
A2: 1444
Q3: Which Hungarian ruler was killed at the Battle of Varna?
A3: Vladislaus I
Q4: Who was appointed regent-governor of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1446?
A4: count John Hunyadi
Q5: Who gave the title of Champion of Christ to John Hyundai?
A5: Pope Pius II
Title: British_Empire
Topic: History

At the end of the 16th century, England and the Netherlands began to challenge Portugal's monopoly of trade with Asia, forming private joint-stock companies to finance the voyages—the English, later British, East India Company and the Dutch East India Company, chartered in 1600 and 1602 respectively. The primary aim of these companies was to tap into the lucrative spice trade, an effort focused mainly on two regions; the East Indies archipelago, and an important hub in the trade network, India. There, they competed for trade supremacy with Portugal and with each other. Although England ultimately eclipsed the Netherlands as a colonial power, in the short term the Netherlands' more advanced financial system and the three Anglo-Dutch Wars of the 17th century left it with a stronger position in Asia. Hostilities ceased after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 when the Dutch William of Orange ascended the English throne, bringing peace between the Netherlands and England. A deal between the two nations left the spice trade of the East Indies archipelago to the Netherlands and the textiles industry of India to England, but textiles soon overtook spices in terms of profitability, and by 1720, in terms of sales, the British company had overtaken the Dutch.

Q1: When was the British East India Company chartered?
A1: 1600
Q2: When was the Dutch East India Company chartered?
A2: 1602
Q3: When had the British East India Company overtaken the Dutch East India Company in sales?
A3: 1720
Q4: How many Anglo-Dutch Wars were there in the 17th century?
A4: three
Q5: The Dutch East India Company focused on trade in which industry?
A5: spice
Title: Eritrea
Topic: Natural sciences

At the end of the 16th century, the Aussa Sultanate was established in the Denkel lowlands of Eritrea. The polity had come into existence in 1577, when Muhammed Jasa moved his capital from Harar to Aussa (Asaita) with the split of the Adal Sultanate into Aussa and the Sultanate of Harar. At some point after 1672, Aussa declined in conjunction with Imam Umar Din bin Adam's recorded ascension to the throne. In 1734, the Afar leader Kedafu, head of the Mudaito clan, seized power and established the Mudaito Dynasty. This marked the start of a new and more sophisticated polity that would last into the colonial period.

Q1: When was the Aussa Sultanate established?
A1: end of the 16th century
Q2: Where was the Aussa Sultanate established?
A2: Denkel lowlands of Eritrea
Q3: Who was the leader of Afar in 1734?
A3: Kedafu, head of the Mudaito clan
Q4: What did Kedafu establish in 1734?
A4: Mudaito Dynasty
Q5: What marked the start of a new and sophisticated polity that would last into the colonial period?
A5: Mudaito Dynasty
Title: Estonia
Topic: Geography and places

At the end of the 1980s, Estonians perceived their demographic change as a national catastrophe. This was a result of the migration policies essential to the Soviet Nationalisation Programme aiming to russify Estonia – administrative and military immigration of non-Estonians from the USSR coupled with the deportation of Estonians to the USSR. In the decade following the reconstitution of independence, large-scale emigration by ethnic Russians and the removal of the Russian military bases in 1994 caused the proportion of ethnic Estonians in Estonia to increase from 61% to 69% in 2006.

Q1: How did Estonians view the demographic change of less ethnic Estonians?
A1: a national catastrophe
Q2: What Russian institutions were removed in the decade following Estonia's reclaim of independence?
A2: Russian military bases
Q3: What percentage of Estonians were ethnic in 2006?
A3: 69%
Title: Israel
Topic: History

At the end of the 1990s, Israel, under the leadership of Benjamin Netanyahu, withdrew from Hebron, and signed the Wye River Memorandum, giving greater control to the Palestinian National Authority. Ehud Barak, elected Prime Minister in 1999, began the new millennium by withdrawing forces from Southern Lebanon and conducting negotiations with Palestinian Authority Chairman Yasser Arafat and U.S. President Bill Clinton at the 2000 Camp David Summit. During the summit, Barak offered a plan for the establishment of a Palestinian state. The proposed state included the entirety of the Gaza Strip and over 90% of the West Bank with Jerusalem as a shared capital, although some argue that the plan was to annex areas which would lead to a cantonization of the West Bank into three blocs, which the Palestinian delegation likened to South African "bantustans", a loaded word that was disputed by the Israeli and American negotiators. Each side blamed the other for the failure of the talks.

Q1: Who led Israel in the 1990s?
A1: Benjamin Netanyahu
Q2: What did Benjamin Netanyahu sign?
A2: Wye River Memorandum
Q3: Who was elected Prime Minister in 1999?
A3: Ehud Barak
Title: Greece
Topic: Geography and places

At the end of the Balkan Wars, the extent of Greece's territory and population had increased. In the following years, the struggle between King Constantine I and charismatic Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos over the country's foreign policy on the eve of World War I dominated the country's political scene, and divided the country into two opposing groups. During parts of the First World War, Greece had two governments; a royalist pro-German government in Athens and a Venizelist pro-Britain one in Thessaloniki. The two governments were united in 1917, when Greece officially entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente.

Q1: What divided Greece into two political groups?
A1: the country's foreign policy
Q2: How many governments did Greece have in World War 1?
A2: two
Q3: When Greece entered World War I, on whose side did they fight?
A3: the Triple Entente
Q4: Greece's multiple governments came together in what year?
A4: 1917
Title: Late_Middle_Ages
Topic: History

At the end of the Late Middle Ages, professional actors began to appear in England and Europe. Richard III and Henry VII both maintained small companies of professional actors. Their plays were performed in the Great Hall of a nobleman's residence, often with a raised platform at one end for the audience and a "screen" at the other for the actors. Also important were Mummers' plays, performed during the Christmas season, and court masques. These masques were especially popular during the reign of Henry VIII who had a House of Revels built and an Office of Revels established in 1545.

Q1: Which Late Middle Age English kings kept their own troupes of professional actors?
A1: Richard III and Henry VII
Q2: Who performed the seasonal Christmas plays?
A2: Mummers
Q3: In what year did Henry VIII establish an Office of Revels?
A3: 1545
Q4: What did Henry VIII build in 1545 for the benefit of the theatrical arts?
A4: House of Revels
Q5: In what part of a nobleman's house were plays performed?
A5: the Great Hall
Title: History_of_India
Topic: History

At the end of the Rigvedic period, the Aryan society began to expand from the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent, into the western Ganges plain. It became increasingly agricultural and was socially organised around the hierarchy of the four varnas, or social classes. This social structure was characterized both by syncretising with the native cultures of northern India, but also eventually by the excluding of indigenous peoples by labelling their occupations impure. During this period, many of the previous small tribal units and chiefdoms began to coalesce into monarchical, state-level polities.

Q1: When did the Aryan culture begin its expansion?
A1: Rigvedic period
Q2: Into what area did the Aryan culture expand?
A2: western Ganges plain
Q3: What were the Aryan social classes called?
A3: varnas
Q4: What did the Aryans label as impure in the indigenous peoples in order to exclude them from certain social classes?
A4: occupations
Q5: What groupings formed up into larger monarchical groups?
A5: small tribal units
Title: New_York_City
Topic: Geography and places

At the end of the Second Anglo-Dutch War, the English gained New Amsterdam (New York) in North America in exchange for Dutch control of Run, an Indonesian island. Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and some epidemics brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizable population losses for the Lenape between the years 1660 and 1670. By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.

Q1: After what war did the English receive New Amsterdam?
A1: Second Anglo-Dutch War
Q2: How many Lenape lived in the area in 1700?
A2: 200
Q3: What was the name of the island the English traded to the Dutch in return for New Amsterdam?
A3: Run
Q4: In 1700, the Lenape Native American population had dwindled to how many?
A4: 200
Q5: After which war did England gain New York in exchange for Run, an Indonesian island?
A5: Second Anglo-Dutch War
Title: Canadian_Armed_Forces
Topic: Warfare

At the end of the Second World War, Canada possessed the fourth-largest air force and fifth-largest naval surface fleet in the world, as well as the largest volunteer army ever fielded. Conscription for overseas service was introduced only near the end of the war, and only 2,400 conscripts actually made it into battle. Originally, Canada was thought to have had the third-largest navy in the world, but with the fall of the Soviet Union, new data based on Japanese and Soviet sources found that to be incorrect.

Q1: Canada had which biggest army during the Second World War?
A1: the largest volunteer army ever
Q2: What country fell providing with more information on Canada's army size?
A2: the Soviet Union
Q3: Which other country had a sizable naval army?
A3: Japanese
Title: Tucson,_Arizona
Topic: Geography and places

At the end of the first decade of the 21st century, downtown Tucson underwent a revitalization effort by city planners and the business community. The primary project was Rio Nuevo, a large retail and community center that has been stalled in planning for more than ten years. Downtown is generally regarded as the area bordered by 17th Street to the south, I-10 to the west, and 6th Street to the north, and Toole Avenue and the Union Pacific (formerly Southern Pacific) railroad tracks, site of the historic train depot and "Locomotive #1673", built in 1900. Downtown is divided into the Presidio District, the Barrio Viejo, and the Congress Street Arts and Entertainment District. Some authorities include the 4th Avenue shopping district, which is set just northeast of the rest of downtown and connected by an underpass beneath the UPRR tracks.

Q1: What was the Union Pacific once known as?
A1: Southern Pacific
Q2: What year was Locomotive #1673 made in?
A2: 1900
Q3: What was the name of the retail and community center that took longer than a decade to build?
A3: Rio Nuevo
Q4: When did a revitalization of downtown Tucson begin?
A4: At the end of the first decade of the 21st century
Q5: What is Rio Nuevo?
A5: a large retail and community center
Q6: What is the southern edge of Tucson's downtown?
A6: 17th Street
Q7: What is the western edge of Tucson's downtown?
A7: I-10
Q8: What is the northern edge of Tucson's downtown?
A8: 6th Street
Title: British_Isles
Topic: Geography and places

At the end of the last ice age, what are now the British Isles were joined to the European mainland as a mass of land extending north west from the modern-day northern coastline of France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Ice covered almost all of what is now Scotland, most of Ireland and Wales, and the hills of northern England. From 14,000 to 10,000 years ago, as the ice melted, sea levels rose separating Ireland from Great Britain and also creating the Isle of Man. About two to four millennia later, Great Britain became separated from the mainland. Britain probably became repopulated with people before the ice age ended and certainly before it became separated from the mainland. It is likely that Ireland became settled by sea after it had already become an island.

Q1: What mainland was the British Isles once connected to?
A1: European mainland
Q2: What happened to British Isles area when the ice melted after the last ice age?
A2: sea levels rose
Q3: When sea levels rose what occured in the British Isles area?
A3: separating Ireland from Great Britain
Q4: When did the British Isles area become separated from the European continent?
A4: two to four millennia
Q5: Did Britain become populated with people again before or after the ice came to an end?
A5: before the ice age ended
Title: Florida
Topic: Geography and places

At the end of the third quarter in 2008, Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the country, with 7.8% of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days. A 2009 list of national housing markets that were hard hit in the real estate crash included a disproportionate number in Florida. The early 21st-century building boom left Florida with 300,000 vacant homes in 2009, according to state figures. In 2009, the US Census Bureau estimated that Floridians spent an average 49.1% of personal income on housing-related costs, the third highest percentage in the country.

Q1: What was the mortgage delinquency rate in 2008 
A1: Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the country, with 7.8% of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days
Q2: How many vacant homes in Florida in 2009 
A2: 300,000 vacant homes in 2009
Q3: What percentage of  personal income was spent of Housing in florida  
A3: Floridians spent an average 49.1% of personal income on housing-related costs
Q4: Where did housing spending ranking nationally 
A4: the third highest percentage in the country
Title: Armenia
Topic: History

At the end of the war, the victorious powers sought to divide up the Ottoman Empire. Signed between the Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire at Sèvres on 10 August 1920, the Treaty of Sèvres promised to maintain the existence of the Armenian republic and to attach the former territories of Ottoman Armenia to it. Because the new borders of Armenia were to be drawn by United States President Woodrow Wilson, Ottoman Armenia was also referred to as "Wilsonian Armenia." In addition, just days prior, on 5 August 1920, Mihran Damadian of the Armenian National Union, the de facto Armenian administration in Cilicia, declared the independence of Cilicia as an Armenian autonomous republic under French protectorate.

Q1: When was the Treaty of Sevres signed?
A1: 10 August 1920
Q2: What is another name for Ottoman Armenia?
A2: Wilsonian Armenia
Q3: Which US president specified the new Armenian borders?
A3: President Woodrow Wilson
Q4: When did Cilicia declare independence?
A4: 5 August 1920
Q5: Who signed the Treaty of Sevres?
A5: Allied and Associated Powers and Ottoman Empire
Title: Neoclassical_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

At the forefront of the new school of design was the aristocratic "architect earl", Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington; in 1729, he and William Kent, designed Chiswick House. This House was a reinterpretation of Palladio's Villa Capra, but purified of 16th century elements and ornament. This severe lack of ornamentation was to be a feature of the Palladianism. In 1734 William Kent and Lord Burlington designed one of England's finest examples of Palladian architecture with Holkham Hall in Norfolk. The main block of this house followed Palladio's dictates quite closely, but Palladio's low, often detached, wings of farm buildings were elevated in significance.

Q1: Who was the "architect earl"?
A1: Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington
Q2: When was Chiswick House designed?
A2: 1729
Q3: What was the original building that Chiswick House design was reinterpretation?
A3: Palladio's Villa Capra
Q4: What is 1734 design is considered one of the finest example of Palladian architecture in England, built in Norfolk?
A4: Holkham Hall
Title: Order_of_the_British_Empire
Topic: History

At the foundation of the Order, the "Medal of the Order of the British Empire" was instituted, to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation but not membership. In 1922, this was renamed the "British Empire Medal". It stopped being awarded by the United Kingdom as part of the 1993 reforms to the honours system, but was again awarded beginning in 2012, starting with 293 BEMs awarded for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee. In addition, the BEM is awarded by the Cook Islands and by some other Commonwealth nations. In 2004, a report entitled "A Matter of Honour: Reforming Our Honours System" by a Commons committee recommended to phase out the Order of the British Empire, as its title was "now considered to be unacceptable, being thought to embody values that are no longer shared by many of the country’s population".

Q1: What was instituted to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation?
A1: Medal of the Order of the British Empire
Q2: In what year was the Medal of the Order of the British Empire established?
A2: 1922
Q3: What was the medal renamed as?
A3: British Empire Medal
Q4: When was it stopped being rewarded?
A4: 1993
Q5: How many BEM's were awarded for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee?
A5: 293
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition.

Q1: What event were Chopin and Sand at on 26 July 1840?
A1: Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale
Q2: What anniversary was the July Revolution that Sand and Chopin were present at a dress rehearsal for?
A2: tenth
Q3: At whose funeral did Chopin play in 1839?
A3: Adolphe Nourrit
Q4: What instrument did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?
A4: organ
Q5: What piece did Chopin play at  Adolphe Nourrit's funeral?
A5: Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne
Q6: Chopin attended the funeral of who in 1839?
A6: Adolphe Nourrit
Q7: What did Chopin play at the funeral?
A7: Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne.
Q8: What was the dress rehearsal for?
A8: Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale
Q9: It was in commemoration of the tenth anniversary of what?
A9: the July Revolution.
Title: Printed_circuit_board
Topic: Engineering and technology

At the glass transition temperature the resin in the composite softens and significantly increases thermal expansion; exceeding Tg then exerts mechanical overload on the board components - e.g. the joints and the vias. Below Tg the thermal expansion of the resin roughly matches copper and glass, above it gets significantly higher. As the reinforcement and copper confine the board along the plane, virtually all volume expansion projects to the thickness and stresses the plated-through holes. Repeated soldering or other exposition to higher temperatures can cause failure of the plating, especially with thicker boards; thick boards therefore require high Tg matrix.

Q1: What's the temperature at which resin softens and expands called?
A1: glass transition temperature
Q2: Along with vias, what makes up the components of a board?
A2: joints
Q3: What will happen to the components when the temperature of resin goes above that of glass transition?
A3: mechanical overload
Q4: When resin stays below Tg, its thermal expansion is similar to that of copper and what other material?
A4: glass
Q5: What do thick boards require to resist plating failure?
A5: high Tg matrix
Title: New_Delhi
Topic: Geography and places

At the heart of the city is the magnificent Rashtrapati Bhavan (formerly known as Viceroy's House) which sits atop Raisina Hill. The Secretariat, which houses ministries of the Government of India, flanks out of the Rashtrapati Bhavan. The Parliament House, designed by Herbert Baker, is located at the Sansad Marg, which runs parallel to the Rajpath. Connaught Place is a large, circular commercial area in New Delhi, modelled after the Royal Crescent in England. Twelve separate roads lead out of the outer ring of Connaught Place, one of them being the Janpath.

Q1: Formerly known as the Viceroy's House, which large building is located at the heart of New Delhi?
A1: Rashtrapati Bhavan
Q2: The Rashtrapati Bhavan was formerly known by what name?
A2: Viceroy's House
Q3: Connaught Place in New Delhi is modeled after what area of England?
A3: the Royal Crescent
Q4: How many roads lead out of the outer ring of Connaught Place?
A4: Twelve
Title: Alexander_Graham_Bell
Topic: Engineering and technology

At the homestead, Bell set up his own workshop in the converted carriage house near to what he called his "dreaming place", a large hollow nestled in trees at the back of the property above the river. Despite his frail condition upon arriving in Canada, Bell found the climate and environs to his liking, and rapidly improved.[N 10] He continued his interest in the study of the human voice and when he discovered the Six Nations Reserve across the river at Onondaga, he learned the Mohawk language and translated its unwritten vocabulary into Visible Speech symbols. For his work, Bell was awarded the title of Honorary Chief and participated in a ceremony where he donned a Mohawk headdress and danced traditional dances.[N 11]

Q1: What building did Bell use as a workshop?
A1: carriage house
Q2: What did Bell call his special spot in the back of the property?
A2: dreaming place
Q3: What Native American language did Bell learn?
A3: Mohawk
Q4: What special status did Bell get in the Mohawk tribe?
A4: Honorary Chief
Q5: Where was the Six Nations Reserve located?
A5: Onondaga
Title: Premier_League
Topic: Sports and recreation

At the inception of the Premier League in 1992–93, just eleven players named in the starting line-ups for the first round of matches hailed from outside of the United Kingdom or Ireland. By 2000–01, the number of foreign players participating in the Premier League was 36 per cent of the total. In the 2004–05 season the figure had increased to 45 per cent. On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up, and on 14 February 2005 Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match. By 2009, under 40% of the players in the Premier League were English.

Q1: At the beginning of the Premier League how many foreign players were there for the first  round of games?
A1: At the inception of the Premier League in 1992–93, just eleven players named in the starting line-ups for the first round of matches
Q2: By the 2000-1 season what was the percentage of foreign players?
A2: By 2000–01, the number of foreign players participating in the Premier League was 36 per cent of the total.
Q3: Which team in 1999 had a line-up for starting that was consisted of all foreign players?
A3: On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up,
Q4: Which team in 2005 had all-foreign team players?
A4: on 14 February 2005 Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match
Q5: In 2009, what percent of the players were English in the Premier League?
A5: By 2009, under 40% of the players in the Premier League were English.
Q6: How many of the original Premier League players in the 1992-93 season hailed from outside the UK or Ireland?
A6: eleven
Q7: By 2000-01, what percentage of players in the Premier League were from outside the UK and Ireland?
A7: 36
Q8: By 2004-05, what percentage of players in the Premier League were from outside the UK and Ireland?
A8: 45
Q9: On which date did Chelsea host an entirely foreign starting line-up and therefore become the first team to do so?
A9: 26 December 1999
Q10: On which date did Arsenal name a fully foreign 16-man squad for a match?
A10: 14 February 2005
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Topic: History

At the invitation of the United States government, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) sent a team of observers to monitor the presidential elections in 2004. It was the first time the OSCE had sent observers to a U.S. presidential election, although they had been invited in the past. In September 2004 the OSCE issued a report on U.S. electoral processes and the election final report. The report reads: "The November 2, 2004 elections in the United States mostly met the OSCE commitments included in the 1990 Copenhagen Document. They were conducted in an environment that reflects a long-standing democratic tradition, including institutions governed by the rule of law, free and generally professional media, and a civil society intensively engaged in the election process. There was exceptional public interest in the two leading presidential candidates and the issues raised by their respective campaigns, as well as in the election process itself."

Q1: Who was called in to watch over the presidential election in 2004?
A1: the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) sent a team of observers to monitor the presidential elections in 2004
Q2: Was this the only occasion the OSCE was invited to preside over a presidential election?
A2: It was the first time the OSCE had sent observers to a U.S. presidential election, although they had been invited in the past.
Q3: What were the findings of the OSCE team?
A3: mostly met the OSCE commitments included in the 1990 Copenhagen Document
Q4: What type of values did the OSCE determine were adhered to during the election process?
A4: long-standing democratic tradition
Title: Guinea-Bissau
Topic: Geography and places

At the legislative level, a unicameral Assembleia Nacional Popular (National People's Assembly) is made up of 100 members. They are popularly elected from multi-member constituencies to serve a four-year term. The judicial system is headed by a Tribunal Supremo da Justiça (Supreme Court), made up of nine justices appointed by the president; they serve at the pleasure of the president.

Q1: How many members compose the legislature?
A1: 100
Q2: Is the legislature bicameral or unicameral?
A2: unicameral
Q3: How long do members serve in the legislature?
A3: four-year term
Q4: What is the head of the judicial system?
A4: Tribunal Supremo da Justiça (Supreme Court)
Q5: How many justices are on the Supreme Court?
A5: nine
Title: Education
Topic: Philosophy and religion

At the level of the individual, there is a large literature, generally related to the work of Jacob Mincer, on how earnings are related to the schooling and other human capital. This work has motivated a large number of studies, but is also controversial. The chief controversies revolve around how to interpret the impact of schooling. Some students who have indicated a high potential for learning, by testing with a high intelligence quotient, may not achieve their full academic potential, due to financial difficulties.[citation needed]

Q1: Literature on how earnings and how it relates to schooling was greatly influenced by who?
A1: Jacob Mincer
Q2: This view of how schooling and earnings has sparked a lot of studies, but what else has it brought up?
A2: is also controversial
Q3: What was one of the main concerns of this literature on how schooling and earnings?
A3: not achieve their full academic potential, due to financial difficulties
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Topic: History

At the official counting of the electoral votes on January 6, a motion was made contesting Ohio's electoral votes. Because the motion was supported by at least one member of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, election law mandated that each house retire to debate and vote on the motion. In the House of Representatives, the motion was supported by 31 Democrats. It was opposed by 178 Republicans, 88 Democrats and one independent. Not voting were 52 Republicans and 80 Democrats. Four people elected to the House had not yet taken office, and one seat was vacant. In the Senate, it was supported only by its maker, Senator Boxer, with 74 Senators opposed and 25 not voting. During the debate, no Senator argued that the outcome of the election should be changed by either court challenge or revote. Senator Boxer claimed that she had made the motion not to challenge the outcome, but to "shed the light of truth on these irregularities."

Q1: Was there any debate about the voting process in Ohio?
A1: a motion was made contesting Ohio's electoral votes
Q2: What was the decision regarding the motion to re-count the votes, after each House finalized their debates?
A2: During the debate, no Senator argued that the outcome of the election should be changed by either court challenge or revote
Q3: Who was the lone supporter of the motion, from the Senate?
A3: Senator Boxer
Q4: Why did Senator Boxer say she voted the way she did?
A4: Senator Boxer claimed that she had made the motion not to challenge the outcome, but to "shed the light of truth on these irregularities."
Q5: How many people from the House of Representatives did not vote?
A5: Not voting were 52 Republicans and 80 Democrats
Title: Israel
Topic: History

At the other extreme mountainous regions can be windy, cold, and areas at elevation of 750 meters or more (same elevation as Jerusalem) will usually receive at least one snowfall each year. From May to September, rain in Israel is rare. With scarce water resources, Israel has developed various water-saving technologies, including drip irrigation. Israelis also take advantage of the considerable sunlight available for solar energy, making Israel the leading nation in solar energy use per capita (practically every house uses solar panels for water heating).

Q1: Israel developed what?
A1: various water-saving technologies
Q2: What does Israelis take advantage of?
A2: sunlight
Q3: Who leads the nation in solar energy use?
A3: Israel
Title: Franco-Prussian_War
Topic: History

At the outset of the Franco-Prussian War, 462,000 German soldiers concentrated on the French frontier while only 270,000 French soldiers could be moved to face them, the French army having lost 100,000 stragglers before a shot was fired through poor planning and administration. This was partly due to the peacetime organisations of the armies. Each Prussian Corps was based within a Kreis (literally "circle") around the chief city in an area. Reservists rarely lived more than a day's travel from their regiment's depot. By contrast, French regiments generally served far from their depots, which in turn were not in the areas of France from which their soldiers were drawn. Reservists often faced several days' journey to report to their depots, and then another long journey to join their regiments. Large numbers of reservists choked railway stations, vainly seeking rations and orders.

Q1: At the start of the war, how many German troops were focused on the French frontier?
A1: 462,000
Q2: How many French troops were available to stand again the Germans?
A2: 270,000
Q3: What is the literal meaning of the Prussian word "Kreis?"
A3: literally "circle"
Q4: What did the French military numbers suffer from the most?
A4: having lost 100,000 stragglers
Title: Central_Intelligence_Agency
Topic: Geography and places

At the outset of the Korean War the CIA still only had a few thousand employees, a thousand of whom worked in analysis. Intelligence primarily came from the Office of Reports and Estimates, which drew its reports from a daily take of State Department telegrams, military dispatches, and other public documents. The CIA still lacked its own intelligence gathering abilities. On 21 August 1950, shortly after the invasion of South Korea, Truman announced Walter Bedell Smith as the new Director of the CIA to correct what was seen as a grave failure of Intelligence.[clarification needed]

Q1: Who was appointed to be the new Director of the CIA in 1950?
A1: Walter Bedell Smith
Q2: Where was most of the CIA's intelligence coming from before 1950?
A2: the Office of Reports and Estimates
Q3: What president announced the new CIA director?
A3: Truman
Title: Pope_Paul_VI
Topic: Philosophy and religion

At the request of the pope, he created an information office for prisoners of war and refugees, which in the years of its existence from 1939 until 1947 received almost ten million (9 891 497) information requests and produced over eleven million (11.293.511) answers about missing persons. Montini was several times openly attacked by Benito Mussolini's government as a politician, and meddling in politics, but each time he found powerful defenses by the Vatican. In 1944, Luigi Maglione died, and Pius XII appointed Tardini and Montini together as heads of the State Department. Montini's admiration was almost filial, when he described Pope Pius XII:

Q1: In what year was the office for information for prisoners and refugees founded?
A1: 1939
Q2: How many inquiries did Mintini receive regarding missing persons ?
A2: ten million
Q3: What was Montini accused of being by the Italian government?
A3: politician
Q4: With whom did Montini feel he had a brother like connection to?
A4: Pope Pius XII
Q5: What Italian Prime Minister attacked Montini for his political stances?
A5: Mussolini
Title: Hunter-gatherer
Topic: Natural sciences

At the same conference, Marshall Sahlins presented a paper entitled, "Notes on the Original Affluent Society", in which he challenged the popular view of hunter-gatherers lives as "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short," as Thomas Hobbes had put it in 1651. According to Sahlins, ethnographic data indicated that hunter-gatherers worked far fewer hours and enjoyed more leisure than typical members of industrial society, and they still ate well. Their "affluence" came from the idea that they were satisfied with very little in the material sense. Later, in 1996, Ross Sackett performed two distinct meta-analyses to empirically test Sahlin's view. The first of these studies looked at 102 time-allocation studies, and the second one analyzed 207 energy-expenditure studies. Sackett found that adults in foraging and horticultural societies work, on average, about 6.5 hours a day, where as people in agricultural and industrial societies work on average 8.8 hours a day.

Q1: Who called hunter-gathers the original affluent society?
A1: Marshall Sahlins
Q2: When did Ross Sackett study time and energy for hunter-gartherer groups?
A2: 1996
Q3: How long a day do people in other societies work?
A3: 8.8 hours a day
Title: Neoclassical_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

At the same time the Empire style in France was a more grandiose wave of neoclassicism in architecture and the decorative arts. Mainly based on Imperial Roman styles, it originated in, and took its name from, the rule of Napoleon I in the First French Empire, where it was intended to idealize Napoleon's leadership and the French state. The style corresponds to the more bourgeois Biedermeier style in the German-speaking lands, Federal style in the United States, the Regency style in Britain, and the Napoleonstil in Sweden. According to the art historian Hugh Honour "so far from being, as is sometimes supposed, the culmination of the Neo-classical movement, the Empire marks its rapid decline and transformation back once more into a mere antique revival, drained of all the high-minded ideas and force of conviction that had inspired its masterpieces".

Q1: How would the Empire style of France be characterized by comparison?
A1: more grandiose
Q2: What was the origination of the Imperial Roman Style?
A2: Napoleon I
Q3: What was the corresponding style to Empire in Britain?
A3: Regency
Q4: In the US, the style during this time of Neoclassical Empire was known as what?
A4: Federal style
Title: Dominican_Order
Topic: Philosophy and religion

At the same time the order found itself face to face with the Renaissance. It struggled against pagan tendencies in Renaissance humanism, in Italy through Dominici and Savonarola, in Germany through the theologians of Cologne but it also furnished humanism with such advanced writers as Francesco Colonna (probably the writer of the Hypnerotomachia Poliphili) and Matteo Bandello. Many Dominicans took part in the artistic activity of the age, the most prominent being Fra Angelico and Fra Bartolomeo.

Q1: What historical period gave the Dominican Order a challenge?
A1: the Renaissance
Q2: What was it about the Renaissance that gave the Dominican Order problems?
A2: pagan tendencies
Q3: The theologians of what German city gave the Dominican Order resistance?
A3: Cologne
Q4: What writer fused humanism with the Dominican Order teachings?
A4: Matteo Bandello
Q5: What Dominican friar celebrated the arts of the Renaissance age?
A5: Fra Angelico and Fra Bartolomeo