LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Human_Development_Index
Topic: Social sciences and society

Some countries were not included for various reasons, mainly the unavailability of certain crucial data. The following United Nations Member States were not included in the 2010 report. Cuba lodged a formal protest at its lack of inclusion. The UNDP explained that Cuba had been excluded due to the lack of an "internationally reported figure for Cuba’s Gross National Income adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity". All other indicators for Cuba were available, and reported by the UNDP, but the lack of one indicator meant that no ranking could be attributed to the country. The situation has been addressed and, in later years, Cuba has ranked as a High Human Development country.

Q1: What is the main reason that countries were excluded from the 2010 report?
A1: unavailability of certain crucial data
Q2: Which Caribbean nation protested its exclusion from the 2010 report?
A2: Cuba
Q3: What ranking has Cuba been given since the situation with the missing data was addressed?
A3: High Human Development country
Title: Human_Development_Index
Topic: Social sciences and society

Some countries were not included for various reasons, mainly the unavailability of certain crucial data. The following United Nations Member States were not included in the 2011 report: North Korea, Marshall Islands, Monaco, Nauru, San Marino, South Sudan, Somalia and Tuvalu.

Q1: What is the main reason that countries were excluded from the 2011 report?
A1: unavailability of certain crucial data
Q2: Which East Asian dictatorship was excluded from the 2011 report?
A2: North Korea
Title: Human_Development_Index
Topic: Social sciences and society

Some countries were not included for various reasons, primarily the lack of necessary data. The following United Nations Member States were not included in the 2014 report: North Korea, Marshall Islands, Monaco, Nauru, San Marino, Somalia, India, Pakistan, South Sudan, and Tuvalu.

Q1: What is the main reason that countries were excluded from the 2014 report?
A1: lack of necessary data
Q2: Which East Asian dictatorship was excluded from the 2014 report?
A2: North Korea
Title: Human_Development_Index
Topic: Social sciences and society

Some countries were not included for various reasons, such as being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication. Besides the states with limited recognition, the following states were also not included.

Q1: What three reasons were mentioned for countries being excluded?
A1: being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication
Title: Textual_criticism
Topic: Language and literature

Some critics believe that a clear-text edition gives the edited text too great a prominence, relegating textual variants to appendices that are difficult to use, and suggesting a greater sense of certainty about the established text than it deserves. As Shillingsburg notes, "English scholarly editions have tended to use notes at the foot of the text page, indicating, tacitly, a greater modesty about the "established" text and drawing attention more forcibly to at least some of the alternative forms of the text".

Q1: Are appendices easy to use for the average reader?
A1: appendices that are difficult to use,
Q2: Can a reader be certain of the validity of information found in a clear-text edition?
A2: suggesting a greater sense of certainty about the established text than it deserves
Q3: How do most editors work around the reference problems of clear-text editing?
A3: notes at the foot of the text page
Q4: Where can a reader find more information on text variants after noticing a footnote?
A4: appendices
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

Some critics express the opinion that it is only from the mid-19th century, and especially in the 20th century, that the score began to hold such a high significance. Previously, improvisation (in preludes, cadenzas and ornaments), rhythmic flexibility (e.g., tempo rubato), improvisatory deviation from the score and oral tradition of playing was integral to the style. Yet in the 20th century, this oral tradition and passing on of stylistic features within classical music disappeared. Instead, musicians tend to use just the score to play music. Yet, even with the score providing the key elements of the music, there is considerable controversy about how to perform the works. Some of this controversy relates to the fact that this score-centric approach has led to performances that emphasize metrically strict block-rhythms (just as the music is notated in the score).

Q1: Improvisation is integral before what took a high significance?
A1: the score
Q2: When did oral tradition disappear?
A2: the 20th century
Q3: There is still controversy about how to perform works, even though scores provide what?
A3: key elements of the music
Q4: A score-centric approach strictly emphasizes what?
A4: block-rhythms
Title: Materialism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Some critics object to materialism as part of an overly skeptical, narrow or reductivist approach to theorizing, rather than to the ontological claim that matter is the only substance. Particle physicist and Anglican theologian John Polkinghorne objects to what he calls promissory materialism — claims that materialistic science will eventually succeed in explaining phenomena it has not so far been able to explain. Polkinghorne prefers "dual-aspect monism" to faith in materialism.

Q1: Instead of faith, John Polkinghorne relies on what when it comes to the theory of materialism?
A1: dual-aspect monism
Title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact
Topic: History

Some critics of Stalin's policy, such as the popular writer Viktor Suvorov, claim that Stalin's primary motive for signing the Soviet–German non-aggression treaty was his calculation that such a pact could result in a conflict between the capitalist countries of Western Europe.[citation needed] This idea is supported by Albert L. Weeks.[page needed] Claims by Suvorov that Stalin planned to invade Germany in 1941 are debated by historians with, for example, David Glantz opposing such claims, while Mikhail Meltyukhov supports them.[citation needed] The authors of The Black Book of Communism consider the pact a crime against peace and a "conspiracy to conduct war of aggression."

Q1: Who was skeptical of Stalin’s policies?
A1: Viktor Suvorov
Q2: What is the claim the pact promoted, purported by the The Black Book of Communism?
A2: a "conspiracy to conduct war of aggression."
Q3: Who doesn’t believe that Joseph Stalin had plans to invade Germany?
A3: David Glantz
Title: Intellectual_property
Topic: History

Some critics of intellectual property, such as those in the free culture movement, point at intellectual monopolies as harming health (in the case of pharmaceutical patents), preventing progress, and benefiting concentrated interests to the detriment of the masses, and argue that the public interest is harmed by ever-expansive monopolies in the form of copyright extensions, software patents, and business method patents. More recently scientists and engineers are expressing concern that patent thickets are undermining technological development even in high-tech fields like nanotechnology.

Q1: What can be harmed by pharmaceutical patents?
A1: health
Q2: IP benefits concentrated interests to whose detriment?
A2: the masses
Q3: Whose interests are harmed by expanding IP?
A3: the public
Q4: Developments in nanotechnology are being undermined by what type of IP?
A4: patent
Q5: What type of monopolies does IP create?
A5: intellectual
Title: Pope_Paul_VI
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Some critiqued Paul VI's decision; the newly created Synod of Bishops had an advisory role only and could not make decisions on their own, although the Council decided exactly that. During the pontificate of Paul VI, five such synods took place, and he is on record of implementing all their decisions. Related questions were raised about the new National Bishop Conferences, which became mandatory after Vatican II. Others questioned his Ostpolitik and contacts with Communism and the deals he engaged in for the faithful.

Q1: How many Synod of Bishops took place during Paul VI's papacy?
A1: five
Q2: What conferences became a requirement after Vatican II?
A2: National Bishop Conferences
Q3: What political movement was Paul VI criticized for having a relationship with?
A3: Communism
Q4: The Council, under Paul VI, decided whom could make decisions independently of Rome?
A4: Bishops
Q5: How many of his bishop's decisions did Paul VI end up enacting?
A5: all
Title: Southern_Europe
Topic: Geography and places

Some definitions of southern Europe, also known as Mediterranean Europe, include the countries of the Iberian peninsula (Spain and Portugal), the Italian peninsula, southern France and Greece. Other definitions sometimes include the Balkan countries of southeast Europe, which are geographically in the southern part of Europe, but which have different historical, political, economic, and cultural backgrounds.

Q1: What is another term for southern Europe
A1: Mediterranean Europe
Q2: What is the name for the stretch of land on which Spain and Portugal are located?
A2: Iberian peninsula
Q3: What nations are sometimes included in the scope of southern Europe?
A3: Balkan countries
Q4: What area of France is considered a part of Mediterranean Europe?
A4: southern France
Title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308
Topic: History

Some developing countries that had seen strong economic growth saw significant slowdowns. For example, growth forecasts in Cambodia show a fall from more than 10% in 2007 to close to zero in 2009, and Kenya may achieve only 3–4% growth in 2009, down from 7% in 2007. According to the research by the Overseas Development Institute, reductions in growth can be attributed to falls in trade, commodity prices, investment and remittances sent from migrant workers (which reached a record $251 billion in 2007, but have fallen in many countries since). This has stark implications and has led to a dramatic rise in the number of households living below the poverty line, be it 300,000 in Bangladesh or 230,000 in Ghana. Especially states with a fragile political system have to fear that investors from Western states withdraw their money because of the crisis. Bruno Wenn of the German DEG recommends to provide a sound economic policymaking and good governance to attract new investors

Q1: What is the growth forecast for Cambodia in 2009?
A1: close to zero
Q2: How much were remittances sent from migrant workers in 2007?
A2: $251 billion
Q3: How many people live below the poverty line in Bangladesh?
A3: 300,000
Q4: What does Bruno Wenn of the German DEG recommend to attract new investors?
A4: sound economic policymaking and good governance
Q5: According to Overseas Development Institute, what is one reason for the reduction in growth in developing countries?
A5: falls in trade
Title: USB
Topic: Engineering and technology

Some devices, such as high-speed external disk drives, require more than 500 mA of current and therefore may have power issues if powered from just one USB 2.0 port: erratic function, failure to function, or overloading/damaging the port. Such devices may come with an external power source or a Y-shaped cable that has two USB connectors (one for power and data, the other for power only) to plug into a computer. With such a cable, a device can draw power from two USB ports simultaneously. However, USB compliance specification states that "use of a 'Y' cable (a cable with two A-plugs) is prohibited on any USB peripheral", meaning that "if a USB peripheral requires more power than allowed by the USB specification to which it is designed, then it must be self-powered."

Q1: What is an example of a device that requires more than 500 mA of current?
A1: high-speed external disk drives
Q2: What is an issue that may occur if a high-speed external disk drive is powered from just one USB 2.0 port.
A2: may have power issues
Q3: What does USB compliance specification prohibit?
A3: "use of a 'Y' cable (a cable with two A-plugs)
Title: Dog
Topic: Natural sciences

Some dog breeds have acquired traits through selective breeding that interfere with reproduction. Male French Bulldogs, for instance, are incapable of mounting the female. For many dogs of this breed, the female must be artificially inseminated in order to reproduce.

Q1: Which dog is not able to mount a female dog?
A1: Male French Bulldogs
Title: Multiracial_American
Topic: History

Some early male settlers married Indigenous American women and had informal unions with them. Early contact between Indigenous Americans and Europeans was often charged with tension, but also had moments of friendship, cooperation, and intimacy. Marriages took place in both English and Latin colonies between European men and Native women. For instance, on April 5, 1614, Pocahontas, a Powhatan woman in present-day Virginia, married the Englishman John Rolfe of Jamestown. Their son Thomas Rolfe was an ancestor to many descendants in First Families of Virginia. As a result, English laws did not exclude people with some Indigenous American ancestry from being considered English or white.

Q1: When was the wedding of Rolfe and Pocahontas?
A1: April 5, 1614
Q2: What did English laws not exclude people with some native blood from being?
A2: considered English or white
Q3: Who married Indigenous women early on?
A3: male settlers
Q4: Where did Rolfe marry Pocahontas?
A4: present-day Virginia
Q5: Who was an ancestor of the First Families of Virginia?
A5: Thomas Rolfe
Title: Hard_rock
Topic: Music

Some established acts continued to enjoy commercial success, such as Aerosmith, with their number one multi-platinum albums: Get a Grip (1993), which produced four Top 40 singles and became the band's best-selling album worldwide (going on to sell over 10 million copies), and Nine Lives (1997). In 1998, Aerosmith released the number one hit "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing", which remains the only single by a hard rock band to debut at number one. AC/DC produced the double platinum Ballbreaker (1995). Bon Jovi appealed to their hard rock audience with songs such as "Keep the Faith" (1992), but also achieved success in adult contemporary radio, with the Top 10 ballads "Bed of Roses" (1993) and "Always" (1994). Bon Jovi's 1995 album These Days was a bigger hit in Europe than it was in the United States, spawning four Top 10 singles on the UK Singles Chart. Metallica's Load (1996) and ReLoad (1997) each sold in excess of 4 million copies in the US and saw the band develop a more melodic and blues rock sound. As the initial impetus of grunge bands faltered in the middle years of the decade, post-grunge bands emerged. They emulated the attitudes and music of grunge, particularly thick, distorted guitars, but with a more radio-friendly commercially oriented sound that drew more directly on traditional hard rock. Among the most successful acts were the Foo Fighters, Candlebox, Live, Collective Soul, Australia's Silverchair and England's Bush, who all cemented post-grunge as one of the most commercially viable subgenres by the late 1990s. Similarly, some post-Britpop bands that followed in the wake of Oasis, including Feeder and Stereophonics, adopted a hard rock or "pop-metal" sound.

Q1: What Aerosmith ballad debuted at number one on the charts?
A1: "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing"
Q2: What was the title of AC/DC's 1995 double lp?
A2: Ballbreaker
Q3: Bon Jovi's 1995 album was called what?
A3: These Days
Q4: What commercially successful sub-genre emerged from the grunge movement?
A4: post-grunge
Q5: When did Aerosmith's album Get A Grip come out?
A5: 1993
Title: Pesticide
Topic: Natural sciences

Some evidence shows that alternatives to pesticides can be equally effective as the use of chemicals. For example, Sweden has halved its use of pesticides with hardly any reduction in crops.[unreliable source?] In Indonesia, farmers have reduced pesticide use on rice fields by 65% and experienced a 15% crop increase.[unreliable source?] A study of Maize fields in northern Florida found that the application of composted yard waste with high carbon to nitrogen ratio to agricultural fields was highly effective at reducing the population of plant-parasitic nematodes and increasing crop yield, with yield increases ranging from 10% to 212%; the observed effects were long-term, often not appearing until the third season of the study.

Q1: How much was Sweden able to lower thier pesticide usage?
A1: halved its use
Q2: What other country has reduced its pesticide usage?
A2: Indonesia
Q3: What natural substance has been found to effectively increase crop yields
A3: carbon to nitrogen
Q4: What amount of gain in crops can be contributed to application of composted yard waste?
A4: 10% to 212%
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Some examples of social and religious transition ceremonies that can be found in the U.S., as well as in other cultures around the world, are Confirmation, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, Quinceañeras, sweet sixteens, cotillions, and débutante balls. In other countries, initiation ceremonies play an important role, marking the transition into adulthood or the entrance into adolescence. This transition may be accompanied by obvious physical changes, which can vary from a change in clothing to tattoos and scarification. Furthermore, transitions into adulthood may also vary by gender, and specific rituals may be more common for males or for females. This illuminates the extent to which adolescence is, at least in part, a social construction; it takes shape differently depending on the cultural context, and may be enforced more by cultural practices or transitions than by universal chemical or biological physical changes.

Q1: What are a few examples of social and religious transition ceremonies?
A1: Confirmation, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, Quinceañeras, sweet sixteens, cotillions, and débutante balls
Q2: What are some physical ways that some cultures mark the transition into adulthood?
A2: tattoos and scarification
Q3: Do cultural transitions into adulthood vary, or are they the same?
A3: vary
Title: Treaty
Topic: Language and literature

Some examples: the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) established a framework for the development of binding greenhouse gas emission limits, while the Kyoto Protocol contained the specific provisions and regulations later agreed upon.

Q1: The Kyoto Protocol is associated with what treaty?
A1: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Q2: The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was supplemented by what protocol?
A2: the Kyoto Protocol
Q3: The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change established a framework for the development of what?
A3: binding greenhouse gas emission limits
Q4: While the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change established a framework for developing greenhouse gas emission limits, the Kyoto Protocol contained what?
A4: the specific provisions and regulations later agreed upon
Q5: The agreement that contained specific provisions related to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is an example of what agreement that supplements a treaty?
A5: Protocol
Title: Wood
Topic: Natural sciences

Some experiments on very resinous Longleaf Pine specimens indicate an increase in strength, due to the resin which increases the strength when dry. Such resin-saturated heartwood is called "fat lighter". Structures built of fat lighter are almost impervious to rot and termites; however they are very flammable. Stumps of old longleaf pines are often dug, split into small pieces and sold as kindling for fires. Stumps thus dug may actually remain a century or more since being cut. Spruce impregnated with crude resin and dried is also greatly increased in strength thereby.

Q1: What type of tree has resin that makes it stronger when it dries?
A1: Longleaf Pine
Q2: What's the funny name for resin-saturated heartwood?
A2: fat lighter
Q3: What is fat lighter practically impervious to in addition to termites?
A3: rot
Q4: If spruce is shot full of crude resin and dried, which of its properties is increased?
A4: strength
Q5: Since it's highly flammable, what do people often use little pieces of longleaf pine tree stumps for?
A5: kindling
Title: Professional_wrestling
Topic: Sports and recreation

Some fans enjoy a pastime of collecting tapes of wrestling shows from specific companies, of certain wrestlers, or of specific genres. The Internet has given fans exposure to worldwide variations of wrestling they would be unable to see otherwise. Since the 1990s, many companies have been founded which deal primarily in wrestling footage. When the WWF purchased both WCW and ECW in 2001, they also obtained the entire past video libraries of both productions and have released many past matches online and on home video.

Q1: What do some fans like to do?
A1: collecting tapes of wrestling shows
Q2: What has the internet done for wrestling fans? 
A2: exposure to worldwide variations of wrestling
Q3: Many companies who handle wrestling footage have been founded since what decade?
A3: 1990s
Q4: What companies did WWF purchase in 2001? 
A4: WCW and ECW
Title: Federalism
Topic: History

Some federal constitutions also provide that certain constitutional amendments cannot occur without the unanimous consent of all states or of a particular state. The US constitution provides that no state may be deprived of equal representation in the senate without its consent. In Australia, if a proposed amendment will specifically impact one or more states, then it must be endorsed in the referendum held in each of those states. Any amendment to the Canadian constitution that would modify the role of the monarchy would require unanimous consent of the provinces. The German Basic Law provides that no amendment is admissible at all that would abolish the federal system.

Q1: The US Constitution says what to amendments? 
A1: provides that no state may be deprived of equal representation in the senate without its consent
Q2: What happens when certain constitutional amendments cannot occur?
A2: cannot occur without the unanimous consent of all states or of a particular state
Q3: Any amendment in the Canadian constitution that needs to be modified, needs to do what first?
A3: would require unanimous consent of the provinces.
Q4: What is the German basic law?
A4: provides that no amendment is admissible at all that would abolish the federal system.
Title: God
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Some findings in the fields of cosmology, evolutionary biology and neuroscience are interpreted by atheists (including Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris) as evidence that God is an imaginary entity only, with no basis in reality. A single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined, embellished and promulgated in a trans-generational manner. Richard Dawkins interprets various findings not only as a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God but extensive evidence to the contrary.

Q1: How does Dawkins interpret evidence for or against the existence of God?
A1: a lack of evidence for the material existence
Q2: What do atheists believe of God?
A2: an imaginary entity only
Q3: How long has the thought of the existence of God been carried on?
A3: trans-generational
Q4: How does Dawkins interpret his findings on the existence, or not, of God.
A4: a lack of evidence for the material existence of such a God
Q5: Who believes God isn't real?
A5: Lawrence M. Krauss and Sam Harris
Title: Aspirated_consonant
Topic: Language and literature

Some forms of Greek before the Koine Greek period are reconstructed as having aspirated stops. The Classical Attic dialect of Ancient Greek had a three-way distinction in stops like Eastern Armenian: /t tʰ d/. These stops were called ψιλά, δασέα, μέσα "thin, thick, middle" by Koine Greek grammarians.

Q1: Early Greek (before Koine) have been redone with what?
A1: aspirated stops.
Q2: What Greek dialect had three-way stop distinction like Eastern Armenian?
A2: Classical Attic
Q3: Who referred to the Classical Attic dialect stops by the three distinctions?
A3: Greek grammarians
Title: Political_corruption
Topic: Social sciences and society

Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institution.

Q1: What are some forms of corruption now  called?
A1: institutional corruption
Q2: Institutional corruption is distinguished from what type of corruption?
A2: bribery
Q3: This type of problem happens in any organization where the interests of the people who financially support it conflicts with what?
A3: the primary purpose of the institution
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

Some high mountain villages, such as Avoriaz (in France), Wengen, and Zermatt (in Switzerland) are accessible only by cable car or cog-rail trains, and are car free. Other villages in the Alps are considering becoming car free zones or limiting the number of cars for reasons of sustainability of the fragile Alpine terrain.

Q1: Where is the village of Avoriaz located? 
A1: France
Q2: Where are the villages of Wengen and Zermatt located? 
A2: Switzerland
Q3: Why are villages considering becoming car free zones?
A3: reasons of sustainability
Title: Film_speed
Topic: Engineering and technology

Some high-speed black-and-white films, such as Ilford Delta 3200 and Kodak T-MAX P3200, are marketed with film speeds in excess of their true ISO speed as determined using the ISO testing method. For example, the Ilford product is actually an ISO 1000 film, according to its data sheet. The manufacturers do not indicate that the 3200 number is an ISO rating on their packaging. Kodak and Fuji also marketed E6 films designed for pushing (hence the "P" prefix), such as Ektachrome P800/1600 and Fujichrome P1600, both with a base speed of ISO 400.

Q1: What are two examples of films that are marketed with speeds above their true ISO speed?
A1: Ilford Delta 3200 and Kodak T-MAX P3200
Q2: What speed of film is the Ilford Delta 3200?
A2: ISO 1000
Q3: Which two companies produced E6 films meant for "pushing"?
A3: Kodak and Fuji
Q4: What is the base speed of Ektachrome P800/1600 and Fujichrome P1600?
A4: ISO 400
Q5: What type of films are Ilford Delta 3200 and Kodak T-MAX P3200?
A5: high-speed black-and-white films
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

Some historians and researchers argue that the emotional and affectionate activities associated with sexual-orientation terms such as "gay" and "heterosexual" change significantly over time and across cultural boundaries. For example, in many English-speaking nations, it is assumed that same-sex kissing, particularly between men, is a sign of homosexuality, whereas various types of same-sex kissing are common expressions of friendship in other nations. Also, many modern and historic cultures have formal ceremonies expressing long-term commitment between same-sex friends, even though homosexuality itself is taboo within the cultures.

Q1: What do historians and researches argue about concerning the emotional and affectionate activities?
A1: activities associated with sexual-orientation terms such as "gay" and "heterosexual" change significantly over time and across cultural boundaries.
Q2: What can be assumed in english speaking nations when two men kiss?
A2: is a sign of homosexuality
Q3: What do some cultures have formal ceremonies for?
A3: expressing long-term commitment between same-sex friends
Title: Franco-Prussian_War
Topic: History

Some historians argue that Napoleon III also sought war, particularly for the diplomatic defeat in 1866 in leveraging any benefits from the Austro-Prussian War, and he believed he would win a conflict with Prussia. They also argue that he wanted a war to resolve growing domestic political problems. Other historians, notably French historian Pierre Milza, dispute this. On 8 May 1870, shortly before the war, French voters had overwhelmingly supported Napoleon III's program in a national plebiscite, with 7,358,000 votes yes against 1,582,000 votes no, an increase of support of two million votes since the legislative elections in 1869. According to Milza, the Emperor had no need for a war to increase his popularity.

Q1: Some historians counter that Napolean III sought what?
A1: war
Q2: Napoleon III belived he would win the Astro-Prussian war and win a conflict with what country?
A2: Prussia
Q3: It is also argued that Napoleon III thought a war would resolve the growing issue of what?
A3: domestic political problems
Q4: Before the war, French voters overwhelming supported what program of Napoleon III?
A4: a national plebiscite
Q5: Who proposed that Emperor needed no war to increase his public appeal?
A5: Milza
Title: Szlachta
Topic: History

Some historians estimate the number of magnates as 1% of the number of szlachta. Out of approx. one million szlachta, tens of thousands of families, only 200–300 persons could be classed as great magnates with country-wide possessions and influence, and 30–40 of them could be viewed as those with significant impact on Poland's politics.

Q1: Historians estimate how much of magnates make up szlachta?
A1: 1%
Q2: Out of one million szlachtas how many were magnates? 
A2: 200–300
Q3: Out of one million how many people could be viewed with significant impact politically?
A3: 30–40
Title: Hunter-gatherer
Topic: Natural sciences

Some hunter-gatherer cultures, such as the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, lived in particularly rich environments that allowed them to be sedentary or semi-sedentary.

Q1: What kind of area allowed a more permanent settlement?
A1: rich environments
Q2: What is the life style of the indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest?
A2: hunter-gatherer
Q3: What does a lush environment allow hunter-gatherers to be?
A3: sedentary or semi-sedentary
Q4: What kind of environment is the Pacific Northwest?
A4: rich environments
Q5: What are the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest?
A5: hunter-gatherer cultures
Title: Han_dynasty
Topic: History

Some important texts were created and studied by scholars. Philosophical works written by Yang Xiong (53 BC – 18 AD), Huan Tan (43 BC – 28 AD), Wang Chong (27–100 AD), and Wang Fu (78–163 AD) questioned whether human nature was innately good or evil and posed challenges to Dong's universal order. The Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Tan (d. 110 BC) and his son Sima Qian (145–86 BC) established the standard model for all of imperial China's Standard Histories, such as the Book of Han written by Ban Biao (3–54 AD), his son Ban Gu (32–92 AD), and his daughter Ban Zhao (45–116 AD). There were dictionaries such as the Shuowen Jiezi by Xu Shen (c. 58 – c. 147 AD) and the Fangyan by Yang Xiong. Biographies on important figures were written by various gentrymen. Han dynasty poetry was dominated by the fu genre, which achieved its greatest prominence during the reign of Emperor Wu.

Q1: Who had produced biographies of individuals of significant importance?
A1: various gentrymen
Q2: What type of poetry had much influence in the Han dynasty?
A2: fu
Q3: Who had written the dictionary Fangyan?
A3: Yang Xiong
Q4: Which person had authored the Book of Han?
A4: Ban Biao
Q5: What was the name of Ban Biao's female offspring?
A5: Ban Zhao
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs".

Q1: What famous singer declined an offer to be a judge on American Idol after having been a mentor? 
A1: Elton John
Q2: What year did Carrie Underwood win a Country Music Award for Best Female Artist? 
A2: 2006
Q3: What singer criticized Carrie Underwood for winning a Country Music Award? 
A3: LeAnn Rimes
Q4: Who felt that American Idol helped the true art form of music get lost?
A4: Usher
Q5: Who won the Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards in 2006?
A5: Carrie Underwood
Q6: Who did Carrie beat out for the award?
A6: Faith Hill
Q7: Who said that Carrie had not paid her dues to win that award?
A7: LeAnn Rimes
Q8: Who was a mentor but later turned down the opportunity to judge Idol?
A8: Elton John
Title: IPod
Topic: Engineering and technology

Some independent stereo manufacturers including JVC, Pioneer, Kenwood, Alpine, Sony, and Harman Kardon also have iPod-specific integration solutions. Alternative connection methods include adapter kits (that use the cassette deck or the CD changer port), audio input jacks, and FM transmitters such as the iTrip—although personal FM transmitters are illegal in some countries. Many car manufacturers have added audio input jacks as standard.

Q1: What companies have developed iPod interfacing for their stereo systems?
A1: JVC, Pioneer, Kenwood, Alpine, Sony, and Harman Kardon
Q2: What type of transmitter is used in the iTrip?
A2: FM
Q3: What has become a standard inclusion in cars for several different auto companies?
A3: audio input jacks
Q4: Which type of iPod car integration product is illegal in certain countries?
A4: FM transmitters
Q5: What audio integration feature has become standard on many car models?
A5: audio input jacks
Title: Insect
Topic: Natural sciences

Some insects display a rudimentary sense of numbers, such as the solitary wasps that prey upon a single species. The mother wasp lays her eggs in individual cells and provides each egg with a number of live caterpillars on which the young feed when hatched. Some species of wasp always provide five, others twelve, and others as high as twenty-four caterpillars per cell. The number of caterpillars is different among species, but always the same for each sex of larva. The male solitary wasp in the genus Eumenes is smaller than the female, so the mother of one species supplies him with only five caterpillars; the larger female receives ten caterpillars in her cell.

Q1: Insects have what kind of sense of numbers?
A1: rudimentary
Q2: Which insect displays a rudimentary sense of numbers?
A2: solitary wasps
Q3: What kind of species does a solitary wasp prey upon?
A3: single
Q4: What does the mother wasp provide for her eggs when they hatch?
A4: caterpillars
Q5: Is the male solitary wasp bigger or smaller than the female solitary wasp?
A5: smaller
Title: Insect
Topic: Natural sciences

Some insects use parthenogenesis, a process in which the female can reproduce and give birth without having the eggs fertilized by a male. Many aphids undergo a form of parthenogenesis, called cyclical parthenogenesis, in which they alternate between one or many generations of asexual and sexual reproduction. In summer, aphids are generally female and parthenogenetic; in the autumn, males may be produced for sexual reproduction. Other insects produced by parthenogenesis are bees, wasps and ants, in which they spawn males. However, overall, most individuals are female, which are produced by fertilization. The males are haploid and the females are diploid. More rarely, some insects display hermaphroditism, in which a given individual has both male and female reproductive organs.

Q1: How many insects use parthenogenesis?
A1: Some
Q2: GIving birth without fertilized eggs is called what?
A2: parthenogenesis
Q3: What usually partakes in a form of parthenogenesis?
A3: aphids
Q4: Aphis have asexual and sexual what?
A4: reproduction
Q5: Aphis are usually female and what else during the summer?
A5: parthenogenetic
Title: London
Topic: Geography and places

Some international railway services to Continental Europe were operated during the 20th century as boat trains, such as the Admiraal de Ruijter to Amsterdam and the Night Ferry to Paris and Brussels. The opening of the Channel Tunnel in 1994 connected London directly to the continental rail network, allowing Eurostar services to begin. Since 2007, high-speed trains link St. Pancras International with Lille, Paris, Brussels and European tourist destinations via the High Speed 1 rail link and the Channel Tunnel. The first high-speed domestic trains started in June 2009 linking Kent to London. There are plans for a second high speed line linking London to the Midlands, North West England, and Yorkshire.

Q1: In the 20th century the Night Ferry was a boat train that provided connections between London and which cities?
A1: Paris and Brussels
Q2: London is directly connected to continental Europe through what rail service?
A2: Eurostar
Q3: In what year did the Channel Tunnel open?
A3: 1994
Q4: St. Pancras International is linked to Paris and other popular European tourist destinations via what method of transportation?
A4: high-speed trains
Q5: When did local high speed rail service that linked London and Kent begin?
A5: June 2009
Title: Bird_migration
Topic: Natural sciences

Some large broad-winged birds rely on thermal columns of rising hot air to enable them to soar. These include many birds of prey such as vultures, eagles, and buzzards, but also storks. These birds migrate in the daytime. Migratory species in these groups have great difficulty crossing large bodies of water, since thermals only form over land, and these birds cannot maintain active flight for long distances. Mediterranean and other seas present a major obstacle to soaring birds, which must cross at the narrowest points. Massive numbers of large raptors and storks pass through areas such as the Strait of Messina, Gibraltar, Falsterbo, and the Bosphorus at migration times. More common species, such as the European honey buzzard Pernis apivorus, can be counted in hundreds of thousands in autumn. Other barriers, such as mountain ranges, can also cause funnelling, particularly of large diurnal migrants. This is a notable factor in the Central American migratory bottleneck. Batumi bottleneck in the Caucasus is one of the heaviest migratory funnels on earth. Avoiding flying over the Black Sea surface and across high mountains, hundreds of thousands of soaring birds funnel through an area around the city of Batumi, Georgia. Birds of prey such as honey buzzards which migrate using thermals lose only 10 to 20% of their weight during migration, which may explain why they forage less during migration than do smaller birds of prey with more active flight such as falcons, hawks and harriers.

Q1: What do some large broad-winged birds rely on to help them soar?
A1: thermal columns of rising hot air
Q2: When do large birds of pray migrate?
A2: daytime
Q3: What is one of the heaviest migratory funnels?
A3: Batumi bottleneck
Q4: How much of their body weight do honey buzzards lose during migration?
A4: 10 to 20%
Q5: How many birds funnel through Batumi, Georgia each year?
A5: hundreds of thousands
Title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Some legal scholars, such as John Baker of LSU, theorize that Madison's initial proposed language—that Congress should make no law regarding the establishment of a "national religion"—was rejected by the House, in favor of the more general "religion" in an effort to appease the Anti-Federalists. To both the Anti-Federalists and the Federalists, the very word "national" was a cause for alarm because of the experience under the British crown. During the debate over the establishment clause, Rep. Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts took issue with Madison's language regarding whether the government was a national or federal government (in which the states retained their individual sovereignty), which Baker suggests compelled Madison to withdraw his language from the debate.

Q1: What is John Baker of LSU's profession?
A1: legal scholars
Q2: Why was a more general "religion" used in the language of the First Amendment?
A2: to appease the Anti-Federalists
Q3: Why was the word "national" a cause for alarm to both Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
A3: because of the experience under the British crown
Q4: Who took issue with Madison's language during the debate over the establishment clause?
A4: Elbridge Gerry
Q5: What was Elbridge Gerry's constituency? 
A5: Massachusetts
Title: Aspirated_consonant
Topic: Language and literature

Some linguists restrict the double-dot subscript ⟨◌̤⟩ to murmured sonorants, such as vowels and nasals, which are murmured throughout their duration, and use the superscript hook-aitch ⟨◌ʱ⟩ for the breathy-voiced release of obstruents.

Q1: What do some linguists restrict the double-dot subscript ⟨◌̤⟩ to?
A1: murmured sonorants
Q2: What are, according to the text, murmured for their duration?
A2: vowels and nasals
Q3: What uses the ⟨◌ʱ⟩?
A3: breathy-voiced release of obstruents.
Title: Paper
Topic: Natural sciences

Some manufacturers have started using a new, significantly more environmentally friendly alternative to expanded plastic packaging. Made out of paper, and known commercially as paperfoam, the new packaging has very similar mechanical properties to some expanded plastic packaging, but is biodegradable and can also be recycled with ordinary paper.

Q1: What product used in the sale ofpaper is newly used by manufacturers in an effort to be more environmentally friendly?
A1: paperfoam
Q2: What is the main benefit of using paperfoam over traditional shrink-wrap?
A2: biodegradable
Q3: What is paperfoam primarily made of?
A3: paper
Q4: How is paperfoam commonly disposed of?
A4: recycled
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a "nationalist" or "patriotic" composer. George Golos refers to earlier "nationalist" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin "felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field.

Q1: Who said that Chopin's familiarity with Polish music was more "urbanised"  than true folk music?
A1: Barbara Milewski
Q2: George Golos references what two musicians when claiming Chopin's nationalism was overrated? 
A2: Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel
Q3: Who said Chopin's works were modeled after Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field?
A3: Richard Taruskin
Title: Materialism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Some modern day physicists and science writers—such as Paul Davies and John Gribbin—have argued that materialism has been disproven by certain scientific findings in physics, such as quantum mechanics and chaos theory. In 1991, Gribbin and Davies released their book The Matter Myth, the first chapter of which, "The Death of Materialism", contained the following passage:

Q1: What are some of the findings that support their argument?
A1: quantum mechanics and chaos theory.
Q2: What is the name of the 1991 book by Paul Davies and John Gribbins?
A2: The Matter Myth
Title: Szlachta
Topic: History

Some możni (Magnates) descending from past tribal dynasties regarded themselves as co-proprietors of Piast realms, even though the Piasts attempted to deprive them of their independence. These możni (Magnates) constantly sought to undermine princely authority.:75, 76 In Gall Anonym's chronicle, there is noted the nobility's alarm when the Palatine Sieciech "elevated those of a lower class over those who were noble born" entrusting them with state offices. (Manteuffel 1982, p. 149)

Q1: What did some Mozni regard themselves with?
A1: co-proprietors of Piast realms
Q2: What did the magnates do to the Piasts realms?
A2: attempted to deprive them of their independence
Q3: Who constantly sought to undermine princely authority?
A3: możni
Title: Multiracial_American
Topic: History

Some multiracial individuals feel marginalized by U.S. society. For example, when applying to schools or for a job, or when taking standardized tests, Americans are sometimes asked to check boxes corresponding to race or ethnicity. Typically, about five race choices are given, with the instruction to "check only one." While some surveys offer an "other" box, this choice groups together individuals of many different multiracial types (ex: European Americans/African-Americans are grouped with Asian/Native American Indians).

Q1: How do some mixed raced people feel?
A1: marginalized by U.S. society
Q2: How many racial choices are there on standardized tests?
A2: Typically, about five race choices
Q3: How many race choices may someone check?
A3: only one
Q4: What does the "other" box do?
A4: groups together individuals of many different multiracial types
Q5: When do mixed race individuals feel marginalized?
A5: when applying to schools or for a job
Title: Anti-aircraft_warfare
Topic: Warfare

Some nations started rocket research before World War II, including for anti-aircraft use. Further research started during the war. The first step was unguided missile systems like the British 2-inch RP and 3-inch, which was fired in large numbers from Z batteries, and were also fitted to warships. The firing of one of these devices during an air raid is suspected to have caused the Bethnal Green disaster in 1943. Facing the threat of Japanese Kamikaze attacks the British and US developed surface-to-air rockets like British Stooge or the American Lark as counter measures, but none of them were ready at the end of the war. The Germans missile research was the most advanced of the war as the Germans put considerable effort in the research and development of rocket systems for all purposes. Among them were several guided and unguided systems. Unguided systems involved the Fliegerfaust (literally "aircraft fist") as the first MANPADS. Guided systems were several sophisticated radio, wire, or radar guided missiles like the Wasserfall ("waterfall") rocket. Due to the severe war situation for Germany all of those systems were only produced in small numbers and most of them were only used by training or trial units.

Q1: Rocket research began prior to which war in some countries?
A1: World War II
Q2: What unguided missile systems was fitted to warships?
A2: the British 2-inch RP and 3-inch
Q3: When did the Bethnal Green disaster occur?
A3: 1943
Q4: What was the US military's counterpart to the British Stooge to counter the attacks by Kamikazes?
A4: American Lark
Q5: Which country's research was ahead of all other countries for missiles?
A5: Germans missile research