LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States
Topic: Social sciences and society

Proponents of affirmative action recognize that the policy is inherently unequal; however, minding the inescapable fact that historic inequalities exist in America, they believe the policy is much more fair than one in which these circumstances are not taken into account. Furthermore, those in favor of affirmative action see it as an effort towards inclusion rather than a discriminatory practice. "Job discrimination is grounded in prejudice and exclusion, whereas affirmative action is an effort to overcome prejudicial treatment through inclusion. The most effective way to cure society of exclusionary practices is to make special efforts at inclusion, which is exactly what affirmative action does."

Q1: What is one of the issues with affirmative action?
A1: inherently unequal
Q2: How do people who are in favor of affirmative action view it?
A2: an effort towards inclusion rather than a discriminatory practice
Q3: What does affirmative action supposedly aim to do?
A3: overcome prejudicial treatment through inclusion
Q4: What do proponents of affirmative action believe is the best way to combat exclusionary practices?
A4: make special efforts at inclusion
Title: Digestion
Topic: Natural sciences

Protein digestion occurs in the stomach and duodenum in which 3 main enzymes, pepsin secreted by the stomach and trypsin and chymotrypsin secreted by the pancreas, break down food proteins into polypeptides that are then broken down by various exopeptidases and dipeptidases into amino acids. The digestive enzymes however are mostly secreted as their inactive precursors, the zymogens. For example, trypsin is secreted by pancreas in the form of trypsinogen, which is activated in the duodenum by enterokinase to form trypsin. Trypsin then cleaves proteins to smaller polypeptides.

Q1: Where does protein digestion occur?
A1: in the stomach and duodenum
Q2: What are the three main enzymes that break down food?
A2: pepsin secreted by the stomach and trypsin and chymotrypsin
Q3: What are digestive enzymes mostly secreted as?
A3: inactive precursors, the zymogens
Q4: What are dipeptidases broken down into?
A4: amino acids
Q5: What organ secretes chymotrypsin?
A5: the pancreas
Title: Nutrition
Topic: Agriculture, food, and drink

Proteins are structural materials in much of the animal body (e.g. muscles, skin, and hair). They also form the enzymes that control chemical reactions throughout the body. Each protein molecule is composed of amino acids, which are characterized by inclusion of nitrogen and sometimes sulphur (these components are responsible for the distinctive smell of burning protein, such as the keratin in hair). The body requires amino acids to produce new proteins (protein retention) and to replace damaged proteins (maintenance). As there is no protein or amino acid storage provision, amino acids must be present in the diet. Excess amino acids are discarded, typically in the urine. For all animals, some amino acids are essential (an animal cannot produce them internally) and some are non-essential (the animal can produce them from other nitrogen-containing compounds). About twenty amino acids are found in the human body, and about ten of these are essential and, therefore, must be included in the diet. A diet that contains adequate amounts of amino acids (especially those that are essential) is particularly important in some situations: during early development and maturation, pregnancy, lactation, or injury (a burn, for instance). A complete protein source contains all the essential amino acids; an incomplete protein source lacks one or more of the essential amino acids.

Q1: What primarily makes up the enzymes in our body that regulate the chemical reactions that occur?
A1: Proteins
Q2: What is the primary component of every protein?
A2: amino acids
Q3: What is the term that refers to the body process that produces new proteins?
A3: protein retention
Q4: When the body no longer needs the amino acids that are present, through which excretion are they lost?
A4: urine
Q5: Approximately how many amino acid types does the human body generally have?
A5: twenty
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestantism also spread from the German lands into France, where the Protestants were nicknamed Huguenots. Calvin continued to take an interest in the French religious affairs from his base in Geneva. He regularly trained pastors to lead congregations there. Despite heavy persecution, the Reformed tradition made steady progress across large sections of the nation, appealing to people alienated by the obduracy and the complacency of the Catholic establishment. French Protestantism came to acquire a distinctly political character, made all the more obvious by the conversions of nobles during the 1550s. This established the preconditions for a series of conflicts, known as the French Wars of Religion. The civil wars gained impetus with the sudden death of Henry II of France in 1559. Atrocity and outrage became the defining characteristics of the time, illustrated at their most intense in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre of August 1572, when the Roman Catholic party annihilated between 30,000 and 100,000 Huguenots across France. The wars only concluded when Henry IV of France issued the Edict of Nantes, promising official toleration of the Protestant minority, but under highly restricted conditions. Roman Catholicism remained the official state religion, and the fortunes of French Protestants gradually declined over the next century, culminating in Louis XIV's Edict of Fontainebleau which revoked the Edict of Nantes and made Roman Catholicism the sole legal religion once again. In response to the Edict of Fontainebleau, Frederick William I, Elector of Brandenburg declared the Edict of Potsdam, giving free passage to Huguenot refugees. In the late 17th century many Huguenots fled to England, the Netherlands, Prussia, Switzerland, and the English and Dutch overseas colonies. A significant community in France remained in the Cévennes region.

Q1: What was the nickname for French Protestants?
A1: Huguenots
Q2: What did the French find alienating about Catholicism?
A2: the obduracy and the complacency of the Catholic establishment
Q3: When were French nobles converted to Protestantism?
A3: the 1550s
Q4: Whose death caused an increase in the French civil wars?
A4: Henry II
Q5: When was the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
A5: August 1572
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestantism has had an important influence on science. According to the Merton Thesis, there was a positive correlation between the rise of English Puritanism and German Pietism on the one hand and early experimental science on the other. The Merton Thesis has two separate parts: Firstly, it presents a theory that science changes due to an accumulation of observations and improvement in experimental technique and methodology; secondly, it puts forward the argument that the popularity of science in 17th-century England and the religious demography of the Royal Society (English scientists of that time were predominantly Puritans or other Protestants) can be explained by a correlation between Protestantism and the scientific values. Merton focused on English Puritanism and German Pietism as having been responsible for the development of the scientific revolution of the 17th and 18th centuries. He explained that the connection between religious affiliation and interest in science was the result of a significant synergy between the ascetic Protestant values and those of modern science. Protestant values encouraged scientific research by allowing science to identify God's influence on the world—his creation—and thus providing a religious justification for scientific research.

Q1: The rise of English Puritanism and German Pietism resulted in a corresponding rise in what?
A1: early experimental science
Q2: What religions did Merton think caused the scientific revolution of the 17th and 18th centuries?
A2: English Puritanism and German Pietism
Q3: What other reason did Merton believe causes science to advance?
A3: an accumulation of observations and improvement in experimental technique and methodology
Q4: What religions were English scientists in the 17th century?
A4: Puritans or other Protestants
Q5: What values were thought to have a significant synergy?
A5: ascetic Protestant values and those of modern science
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestantism is a form of Christian faith and practice which originated with the Protestant Reformation,[a] a movement against what its followers considered to be errors in the Roman Catholic Church. It is one of the three major divisions of Christendom, together with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy. Anglicanism is sometimes considered to be independent from Protestantism.[b] The term derives from the letter of protestation from Lutheran princes in 1529 against an edict condemning the teachings of Martin Luther as heretical.

Q1: What type of faith is Protestantism?
A1: Christian
Q2: Whose teachings were once considered to be heretical?
A2: Martin Luther
Q3: Other than Protestantism, what are the other two divisions of Christianity?
A3: Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy
Q4: Who wrote a letter protesting the condemnation of Martin Luther?
A4: Lutheran princes
Q5: What was the name of the movement that started Protestantism?
A5: the Protestant Reformation
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestantism spread in Europe during the 16th century. Lutheranism spread from Germany into its surrounding areas,[c] Denmark,[d] Norway,[e] Sweden,[f] Finland,[g] Prussia,[h] Latvia,[i], Estonia,[j] and Iceland,[k] as well as other smaller territories. Reformed churches were founded primarily in Germany and its adjacent regions,[l] Hungary,[m] the Netherlands,[n] Scotland,[o] Switzerland,[p] and France[q] by such reformers as John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Knox. Arminianism[r] gained supporters in the Netherlands and parts of Germany. In 1534, King Henry VIII put an end to all papal jurisdiction in England[s] after the Pope failed to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon; this opened the door to reformational ideas, notably during the following reign of Edward VI, through Thomas Cranmer, Richard Hooker, Matthew Parker and other theologians. There were also reformational efforts throughout continental Europe known as the Radical Reformation—a response to perceived corruption in both the Roman Catholic Church and the expanding Magisterial Reformation led by Luther and various other reformers—which gave rise to Anabaptist, Moravian, and other Pietistic movements. In later centuries, Protestants developed their own culture, which made major contributions in education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy and the arts, and other fields.

Q1: Where did Lutheranism begin?
A1: Germany
Q2: Name three early Protestant reformers.
A2: John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and John Knox
Q3: Where did Arminianism take hold?
A3: the Netherlands and parts of Germany
Q4: Who ended Catholic supremecy in England?
A4: King Henry VIII
Q5: Who made large contributions in the sciences in latter centuries?
A5: Protestants
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestants also took the initiative in advocating for religious freedom. Freedom of conscience had high priority on the theological, philosophical, and political agendas since Luther refused to recant his beliefs before the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire at Worms (1521). In his view, faith was a free work of the Holy Spirit and could, therefore, not be forced on a person. The persecuted Anabaptists and Huguenots demanded freedom of conscience, and they practised separation of church and state. In the early seventeenth century, Baptists like John Smyth and Thomas Helwys published tracts in defense of religious freedom. Their thinking influenced John Milton and John Locke's stance on tolerance. Under the leadership of Baptist Roger Williams, Congregationalist Thomas Hooker, and Quaker William Penn, respectively, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania combined democratic constitutions with freedom of religion. These colonies became safe havens for persecuted religious minorities, including Jews. The United States Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the American Bill of Rights with its fundamental human rights made this tradition permanent by giving it a legal and political framework. The great majority of American Protestants, both clergy and laity, strongly supported the independence movement. All major Protestant churches were represented in the First and Second Continental Congresses. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the American democracy became a model for numerous other countries and regions throughout the world (e.g., Latin America, Japan, and Germany). The strongest link between the American and French Revolutions was Marquis de Lafayette, an ardent supporter of the American constitutional principles. The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was mainly based on Lafayette's draft of this document. The United Nations Declaration and Universal Declaration of Human Rights also echo the American constitutional tradition.

Q1: What group initiated the right to religious freedom?
A1: Protestants
Q2: Where did Luther refuse to change his beliefs?
A2: Worms
Q3: What persecuted groups followed the separation of church and state?
A3: Anabaptists and Huguenots
Q4: Who wrote about religious freedom in the early 17th century?
A4: John Smyth and Thomas Helwys
Q5: How many American Protestants supported independence in America?
A5: The great majority
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestants can be differentiated according to how they have been influenced by important movements since the Reformation, today regarded as branches. Some of these movements have a common lineage, sometimes directly spawning individual denominations. Due to the earlier stated multitude of denominations, this section discusses only the largest denominational families, or branches, widely considered to be a part of Protestantism. These are, in alphabetical order: Adventist, Anglican, Baptist, Calvinist (Reformed), Lutheran, Methodist and Pentecostal. A small but historically significant Anabaptist branch is also discussed.

Q1: What is another name for denominational families?
A1: branches
Q2: What are the major branches of Protestantism?
A2: Adventist, Anglican, Baptist, Calvinist (Reformed), Lutheran, Methodist and Pentecostal
Q3: What small branch of Protestantism will also be discussed?
A3: Anabaptist
Q4: What created the differentiation of Protestant branches?
A4: how they have been influenced by important movements since the Reformation
Q5: What do some branches share in common?
A5: lineage
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestants have founded hospitals, homes for disabled or elderly people, educational institutions, organizations that give aid to developing countries, and other social welfare agencies. In the nineteenth century, throughout the Anglo-American world, numerous dedicated members of all Protestant denominations were active in social reform movements such as the abolition of slavery, prison reforms, and woman suffrage. As an answer to the "social question" of the nineteenth century, Germany under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck introduced insurance programs that led the way to the welfare state (health insurance, accident insurance, disability insurance, old-age pensions). To Bismarck this was "practical Christianity". These programs, too, were copied by many other nations, particularly in the Western world.

Q1: Who first introduced social insurance programs?
A1: Chancellor Otto von Bismarck
Q2: What did Bismarck consider social insurance programs to be?
A2: practical Christianity
Q3: What social reform movements were Protestants working toward in the nineteen century?
A3: the abolition of slavery, prison reforms, and woman suffrage
Q4: What country started programs that led to the welfare state?
A4: Germany
Q5: What area copied Bismarck's social programs the most?
A5: the Western world
Title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestants in general reject the veneration and invocation of the Saints.:1174 Protestants typically hold that Mary was the mother of Jesus, but was an ordinary woman devoted to God. Therefore, there is virtually no Marian veneration, Marian feasts, Marian pilgrimages, Marian art, Marian music or Marian spirituality in today's Protestant communities. Within these views, Roman Catholic beliefs and practices are at times rejected, e.g., theologian Karl Barth wrote that "the heresy of the Catholic Church is its Mariology".

Q1: Which theologian described Mariology as "the heresy of the Catholic Church?"
A1: Karl Barth
Q2: Protestants hold that Mary had what relationship to Jesus?
A2: mother
Q3: Protestants reject what practices in relation to the Saints?
A3: veneration and invocation
Q4: Protestants describe Mary as devoted to whom?
A4: God
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Protestants reject the Roman Catholic Church's doctrine that it is the one true church, believing in the invisible church, which consists of all who profess faith in Jesus Christ. Some Protestant denominations are less accepting of other denominations, and the basic orthodoxy of some is questioned by most of the others. Individual denominations also have formed over very subtle theological differences. Other denominations are simply regional or ethnic expressions of the same beliefs. Because the five solas are the main tenets of the Protestant faith, non-denominational groups and organizations are also considered Protestant.

Q1: What type of church do Protestants believe in?
A1: the invisible church
Q2: Who comprises the invisible church?
A2: all who profess faith in Jesus Christ
Q3: What is the name of the main principles of Protestantism?
A3: the five solas
Q4: What other entities are also considered to be Protestant?
A4: non-denominational groups and organizations
Q5: What Catholic doctrine do Protestants not believe in?
A5: it is the one true church
Title: Iranian_languages
Topic: Language and literature

Proto-Iranian thus dates to some time after Proto-Indo-Iranian break-up, or the early second millennium BCE, as the Old Iranian languages began to break off and evolve separately as the various Iranian tribes migrated and settled in vast areas of southeastern Europe, the Iranian plateau, and Central Asia.

Q1: Where did early Iranian people establish societies?
A1: southeastern Europe, the Iranian plateau, and Central Asia
Title: Slavs
Topic: History

Proto-Slavic, sometimes referred to as Common Slavic or Late Proto-Slavic, is defined as the last stage of the language preceding the geographical split of the historical Slavic languages. That language was uniform, and on the basis of borrowings from foreign languages and Slavic borrowings into other languages, cannot be said to have any recognizable dialects, suggesting a comparatively compact homeland. Slavic linguistic unity was to some extent visible as late as Old Church Slavonic manuscripts which, though based on local Slavic speech of Thessaloniki, could still serve the purpose of the first common Slavic literary language.

Q1: Proto-Slavic is sometimes referred to as what?
A1: Common Slavic or Late Proto-Slavic
Q2: What is defined as the last stage of the language preceding the geographical split of the historical Slavic languages?
A2: Proto-Slavic
Q3: Old Church Slavonic manuscripts were based on the local Slavic speech of what?
A3: Thessaloniki
Q4: What could still serve the purpose of the first common Slavic literary language?
A4: Old Church Slavonic manuscripts
Title: Slavs
Topic: History

Proto-Slavic, the supposed ancestor language of all Slavic languages, is a descendant of common Proto-Indo-European, via a Balto-Slavic stage in which it developed numerous lexical and morphophonological isoglosses with the Baltic languages. In the framework of the Kurgan hypothesis, "the Indo-Europeans who remained after the migrations [from the steppe] became speakers of Balto-Slavic".

Q1: What is the supposed ancestor of all Slavic languages?
A1: Proto-Slavic
Q2: Proto-Slavic developed numerous lexical and morphophonological isoglosses with what languages?
A2: Baltic languages
Q3: The Indo-Europeans who remained after the migrations became speakers of what?
A3: Balto-Slavic
Q4: Who became speakers of Balto-Slavic?
A4: Indo-Europeans
Q5: Proto-Slavic is a descendant of what?
A5: Proto-Indo-European
Title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives
Topic: History

Provide Campaign Assistance. Minority leaders are typically energetic and aggressive campaigners for partisan incumbents and challengers. There is hardly any major aspect of campaigning that does not engage their attention. For example, they assist in recruiting qualified candidates; they establish "leadership PACs" to raise and distribute funds to House candidates of their party; they try to persuade partisan colleagues not to retire or run for other offices so as to hold down the number of open seats the party would need to defend; they coordinate their campaign activities with congressional and national party campaign committees; they encourage outside groups to back their candidates; they travel around the country to speak on behalf of party candidates; and they encourage incumbent colleagues to make significant financial contributions to the party's campaign committee. "The amount of time that [Minority Leader] Gephardt is putting in to help the DCCC [Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee] is unheard of," noted a Democratic lobbyist."No DCCC chairman has ever had that kind of support."

Q1: How much concern do minority leaders have for campaigning?
A1: hardly any major aspect of campaigning that does not engage their attention
Q2: Who establishes leadership PACs?
A2: Minority leaders
Q3: Outside of Washington how much involvement do minority leaders have in campaigns?
A3: travel around the country to speak on behalf of party candidates; and they encourage incumbent colleagues to make significant financial contributions
Title: Wayback_Machine
Topic: Engineering and technology

Provided some additional requirements are met (e.g. providing an authoritative statement of the archivist), the United States patent office and the European Patent Office will accept date stamps from the Internet Archive as evidence of when a given Web page was accessible to the public. These dates are used to determine if a Web page is available as prior art for instance in examining a patent application.

Q1: When are Internet Archive timestamps useful for patent offices?
A1: in examining a patent application
Q2: What is an example of a condition that must be met for the Internet Archive data to be considered acceptable for submission to patent offices in the US and Europe?
A2: authoritative statement of the archivist
Title: Namibia
Topic: Social sciences and society

Providing 25% of Namibia's revenue, mining is the single most important contributor to the economy. Namibia is the fourth largest exporter of non-fuel minerals in Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of uranium. There has been significant investment in uranium mining and Namibia is set to become the largest exporter of uranium by 2015. Rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a primary source for gem-quality diamonds. While Namibia is known predominantly for its gem diamond and uranium deposits, a number of other minerals are extracted industrially such as lead, tungsten, gold, tin, fluorspar, manganese, marble, copper and zinc. There are offshore gas deposits in the Atlantic Ocean that are planned to be extracted in the future. According to "The Diamond Investigation", a book about the global diamond market, from 1978, De Beers, the largest diamond company, bought most of the Namibian diamonds, and would continue to do so, because "whatever government eventually comes to power they will need this revenue to survive".

Q1: How much revenue does mining provide Namibia?
A1: 25%
Q2: Where does Namibia rank in the exportation of uranium? 
A2: fourth
Q3: Namibia was expected to become the largest exporter of what in 2015?
A3: uranium
Q4: What does rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a source of?
A4: gem-quality diamonds
Title: Transistor
Topic: Engineering and technology

Providing sufficient base drive current is a key problem in the use of bipolar transistors as switches. The transistor provides current gain, allowing a relatively large current in the collector to be switched by a much smaller current into the base terminal. The ratio of these currents varies depending on the type of transistor, and even for a particular type, varies depending on the collector current. In the example light-switch circuit shown, the resistor is chosen to provide enough base current to ensure the transistor will be saturated.

Q1: What is a major problem with using bipolar transistors as switches?
A1: Providing sufficient base drive current
Q2: What does the transistor provide?
A2: current gain
Q3: What determines the current ratio in transistors?
A3: the type of transistor
Q4: If the type of transistor is the same what determines the current ratio?
A4: collector current
Title: Seven_Years%27_War
Topic: History

Prussia emerged from the war as a great power whose importance could no longer be challenged. Frederick the Great’s personal reputation was enormously enhanced, as his debt to fortune (Russia’s volte-face after Elizabeth’s death) and to the British subsidy were soon forgotten while the memory of his energy and his military genius was strenuously kept alive. Russia, on the other hand, made one great invisible gain from the war: the elimination of French influence in Poland. The First Partition of Poland (1772) was to be a Russo-Prussian transaction, with Austria only reluctantly involved and with France simply ignored.

Q1: What did the war do for the reputation of Frederick the Great?
A1: Frederick the Great’s personal reputation was enormously enhanced
Q2: What was the general opinion of Frederick the Great military acumen?
A2: his military genius was strenuously kept alive
Q3: What good fortune from Russia assisted Frederick the Great?
A3: Russia’s volte-face
Q4: What gain did Russia make from the results of the war?
A4: Russia, on the other hand, made one great invisible gain from the war: the elimination of French influence in Poland
Q5: What countries were party to The First Partition of Poland?
A5: a Russo-Prussian transaction, with Austria only reluctantly involved
Title: Time
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Psychoactive drugs can impair the judgment of time. Stimulants can lead both humans and rats to overestimate time intervals, while depressants can have the opposite effect. The level of activity in the brain of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine may be the reason for this. Such chemicals will either excite or inhibit the firing of neurons in the brain, with a greater firing rate allowing the brain to register the occurrence of more events within a given interval (speed up time) and a decreased firing rate reducing the brain's capacity to distinguish events occurring within a given interval (slow down time).

Q1: What type of drugs can impair the judgement of time?
A1: Psychoactive drugs
Q2: Stimulants lead humans to overestimate what?
A2: time intervals
Q3: What causes humans to underestimate time intervals?
A3: depressants
Q4: The level of what is the reason stimulants and depressants change human perceptions of time?
A4: The level of activity in the brain of neurotransmitters
Q5: Such chemicals do what to the firing of the brain's neurons?
A5: either excite or inhibit the firing of neurons
Title: Anthropology
Topic: Social sciences and society

Psychological anthropology is an interdisciplinary subfield of anthropology that studies the interaction of cultural and mental processes. This subfield tends to focus on ways in which humans' development and enculturation within a particular cultural group—with its own history, language, practices, and conceptual categories—shape processes of human cognition, emotion, perception, motivation, and mental health. It also examines how the understanding of cognition, emotion, motivation, and similar psychological processes inform or constrain our models of cultural and social processes.

Q1: What subfield of anthropology studies mental processes? 
A1: Psychological
Q2: What does psychological anthropology particularly focus on in a particular culture group?
A2: humans' development and enculturation
Q3: What aspects define a cultural group?
A3: its own history, language, practices, and conceptual categories
Q4: What shapes processes of human cognition?
A4: cultural group
Q5: Psychological anthropology examines how our models of social processes are informed by what?
A5: understanding
Title: Near_East
Topic: Geography and places

Ptolemy's Geography divided Asia on a similar basis. In the north is "Scythia this side of the Himalayas" and "Scythia beyond the Himalayas." To the south is "India on this side of the Ganges" and "India beyond the Ganges." Asia began on the coast of Anatolia ("land of the rising sun"). Beyond the Ganges and Himalayas (including the Tien Shan) were Serica and Serae (sections of China) and some other identifiable far eastern locations known to the voyagers and geographers but not to the general European public.

Q1: What divided Asia on a similar basis? 
A1: Ptolemy's Geography
Q2: "Scythia this side of the Himalayas" is located where? 
A2: In the north
Q3: "India on this side of the Ganges" is located where? 
A3: To the south
Q4: "Scythia beyond the Himalayas" is located where? 
A4: In the north
Q5: Where did Asia begin? 
A5: on the coast of Anatolia
Title: Hellenistic_period
Topic: History

Ptolemy's family ruled Egypt until the Roman conquest of 30 BC. All the male rulers of the dynasty took the name Ptolemy. Ptolemaic queens, some of whom were the sisters of their husbands, were usually called Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice. The most famous member of the line was the last queen, Cleopatra VII, known for her role in the Roman political battles between Julius Caesar and Pompey, and later between Octavian and Mark Antony. Her suicide at the conquest by Rome marked the end of Ptolemaic rule in Egypt though Hellenistic culture continued to thrive in Egypt throughout the Roman and Byzantine periods until the Muslim conquest.

Q1: Till what year did Ptolemy's family rule Egypt?
A1: 30 BC
Q2: All the male rulers of Egypt took what name during the Ptolemy dynasty?
A2: Ptolemy
Q3: Cleopatra, Arsinoe or Berenice were common names for whom?
A3: Ptolemaic queens
Q4: Who was the last and most famous queen of the Ptolemy dynasty?
A4: Cleopatra VII
Q5: How did Cleoptra die?
A5: suicide
Title: Hellenistic_period
Topic: History

Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour) for his role in helping the Rhodians during the siege of Rhodes. Ptolemy built new cities such as Ptolemais Hermiou in upper Egypt and settled his veterans throughout the country, especially in the region of the Faiyum. Alexandria, a major center of Greek culture and trade, became his capital city. As Egypt's first port city, it was the main grain exporter in the Mediterranean.

Q1: Who was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death?
A1: Ptolemy
Q2: When did Alexander die and Ptolemy assume his position?
A2: 323 BC
Q3: When did Ptolemy declare himself King Ptolemy I?
A3: 305 BC
Q4: What nickname did Rhodians give Ptolemy?
A4: Soter
Q5: Where did Ptolemy settle his most of his veterans?
A5: Faiyum
Title: Pub
Topic: History

Pub names are used to identify and differentiate each pub. Modern names are sometimes a marketing ploy or attempt to create "brand awareness", frequently using a comic theme thought to be memorable, Slug and Lettuce for a pub chain being an example. Interesting origins are not confined to old or traditional names, however. Names and their origins can be broken up into a relatively small number of categories.

Q1: What is an example of a memorable name for a pub chain?
A1: Slug and Lettuce
Q2: What sort of theme is thought memorable for modern pub names?
A2: comic
Q3: What is the purpose of a pub name?
A3: to identify and differentiate each pub
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Pubertal development also affects circulatory and respiratory systems as an adolescents' heart and lungs increase in both size and capacity. These changes lead to increased strength and tolerance for exercise. Sex differences are apparent as males tend to develop "larger hearts and lungs, higher systolic blood pressure, a lower resting heart rate, a greater capacity for carrying oxygen to the blood, a greater power for neutralizing the chemical products of muscular exercise, higher blood hemoglobin and more red blood cells".

Q1: How do a person's heart and lungs change during puberty?
A1: increase in both size and capacity
Q2: Increased size and capacity of the heart and lungs result in what changes to the body?
A2: increased strength and tolerance for exercise
Q3: Which sex tends to develop larger hearts and lungs?
A3: males
Q4: Which sex tends to have more red blood cells than the other?
A4: males
Q5: Which body system are a person's lungs a major proponent of?
A5: respiratory
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.

Q1: A surge in hormone production triggers a number of physical changes during what stage of life?
A1: Puberty
Q2: Which gland secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream?
A2: pituitary
Q3: Which part of the body releases testosterone in males?
A3: testes
Q4: Which part of the body relesases estrogen in females?
A4: ovaries
Q5: An imbalance in sex hormones, tissue responsiveness, or obesity can cause what in boys?
A5: gynecomastia
Title: Computer_security
Topic: Engineering and technology

Public Safety Canada’s Canadian Cyber Incident Response Centre (CCIRC) is responsible for mitigating and responding to threats to Canada’s critical infrastructure and cyber systems. The CCIRC provides support to mitigate cyber threats, technical support to respond and recover from targeted cyber attacks, and provides online tools for members of Canada’s critical infrastructure sectors. The CCIRC posts regular cyber security bulletins on the Public Safety Canada website. The CCIRC also operates an online reporting tool where individuals and organizations can report a cyber incident. Canada's Cyber Security Strategy is part of a larger, integrated approach to critical infrastructure protection, and functions as a counterpart document to the National Strategy and Action Plan for Critical Infrastructure.

Q1: What does CCIRC stand for?
A1: Canadian Cyber Incident Response Centre
Q2: Who is resposible for mitigating and responding to threats to Canada's critical infrastructure?
A2: CCIRC
Q3: Where does the CCIRC post regular cyber security bulletins?
A3: on the Public Safety Canada website
Q4: What functions as a counterpart document to the National Strategy and Action Plan for Critical Infrastructure?
A4: Canada's Cyber Security Strategy
Title: Hyderabad
Topic: Geography and places

Public and private schools in Hyderabad are governed by the Central Board of Secondary Education and follow a "10+2+3" plan. About two-thirds of pupils attend privately run institutions. Languages of instruction include English, Hindi, Telugu and Urdu. Depending on the institution, students are required to sit the Secondary School Certificate or the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education. After completing secondary education, students enroll in schools or junior colleges with a higher secondary facility. Admission to professional graduation colleges in Hyderabad, many of which are affiliated with either Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad (JNTUH) or Osmania University (OU), is through the Engineering Agricultural and Medical Common Entrance Test (EAM-CET).

Q1: What entity controls the schools in Hyderabad?
A1: Central Board of Secondary Education
Q2: What percentage of students are in private schools in Hyderabad?
A2: two-thirds
Q3: Which languages are used for teaching in the schools of Hyderabad?
A3: English, Hindi, Telugu and Urdu
Q4: What type of educational plan does the Central Board of Secondary Education use in Hyderabad?
A4: a "10+2+3" plan
Q5: Students in Hyderabad may be required to acquire one of two different certificates, one is  the Secondary School Certificate, what is the other?
A5: Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
Title: Nonprofit_organization
Topic: Social sciences and society

Public and private sector employment has, for the most part, been able to offer more for their employees than most nonprofit agencies throughout history. Either in the form of higher wages, more comprehensive benefit packages, or less tedious work, the public and private sector has enjoyed an advantage in attracting employees over NPOs. Traditionally, the NPO has attracted mission-driven individuals who want to assist their chosen cause. Compounding the issue is that some NPOs do not operate in a manner similar to most businesses, or only seasonally. This leads many young and driven employees to forego NPOs in favor of more stable employment. Today however, Nonprofit organizations are adopting methods used by their competitors and finding new means to retain their employees and attract the best of the newly minted workforce.

Q1: What can the public and private sector offer employers that NPOs usually cannot?
A1: higher wages, more comprehensive benefit packages, or less tedious work
Q2: What types of employees do NPOs usually attract?
A2: mission-driven individuals who want to assist their chosen cause
Q3: What is something that causes a huge problem with employment in NPOs?
A3: do not operate in a manner similar to most businesses, or only seasonally
Q4: Where are young grads looking for that NPOs?
A4: more stable employment
Title: Georgian_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

Public buildings generally varied between the extremes of plain boxes with grid windows and Italian Late Renaissance palaces, depending on budget. Somerset House in London, designed by Sir William Chambers in 1776 for government offices, was as magnificent as any country house, though never quite finished, as funds ran out. Barracks and other less prestigious buildings could be as functional as the mills and factories that were growing increasingly large by the end of the period. But as the period came to an end many commercial projects were becoming sufficiently large, and well-funded, to become "architectural in intention", rather than having their design left to the lesser class of "surveyors".

Q1: Somerset House was designed by whom?
A1: Sir William Chambers
Q2: In what year was Somerset House designed?
A2: 1776
Q3: Commercial projects in the late period tended to be "architectural" in what way?
A3: "architectural in intention"
Q4: What was considered a lesser class of designers?
A4: surveyors
Title: Cork_(city)
Topic: History

Public bus services within the city are provided by the national bus operator Bus Éireann. City routes are numbered from 201 through to 219 and connect the city centre to the principal suburbs, colleges, shopping centres and places of interest. Two of these bus routes provide orbital services across the Northern and Southern districts of the city respectively. Buses to the outer suburbs, such as Ballincollig, Glanmire, Midleton and Carrigaline are provided from the city's bus terminal at Parnell Place in the city centre. Suburban services also include shuttles to Cork Airport, and a park and ride facility in the south suburbs only.

Q1: Who runs the public busses in Cork?
A1: Bus Éireann
Q2: Besides busses, what kinds of public transportation are offered in Cork?
A2: shuttles to Cork Airport, and a park and ride facility in the south suburbs only
Q3: What do the routes consist of?
A3: connect the city centre to the principal suburbs, colleges, shopping centres and places of interest
Title: The_Blitz
Topic: History

Public demand caused the government in October 1940 to build new deep shelters:189–190 within the Underground to hold 80,000 people but were not completed until the period of heaviest bombing had passed. By the end of 1940 significant improvements had been made in the Underground and in many other large shelters. Authorities provided stoves and bathrooms and canteen trains provided food. Tickets were issued for bunks in large shelters to reduce the amount of time spent queuing. Committees quickly formed within shelters as informal governments, and organisations such as the British Red Cross and the Salvation Army worked to improve conditions. Entertainment included concerts, films, plays and books from local libraries. 

Q1: What year did the government start to build new deep shelters?
A1: 1940
Q2: How many people were the new shelters going to hold?
A2: 80,000
Q3: What helped cut down time standing in the queue for shelters?
A3: Tickets
Q4: Which two groups help improve life in the shelters?
A4: British Red Cross and the Salvation Army
Q5: What kind of trains provided food in the shelters?
A5: canteen
Title: Tajikistan
Topic: Geography and places

Public education in Tajikistan consists of 11 years of primary and secondary education but the government has plans to implement a 12-year system in 2016. There is a relatively large number of tertiary education institutions including Khujand State University which has 76 departments in 15 faculties, Tajikistan State University of Law, Business, & Politics, Khorugh State University, Agricultural University of Tajikistan, Tajik State National University, and several other institutions. Most, but not all, universities were established during the Soviet Era. As of 2008[update] tertiary education enrollment was 17%, significantly below the sub-regional average of 37%. Many Tajiks left the education system due to low demand in the labor market for people with extensive educational training or professional skills.

Q1: How many years of school are there in the Tajikistan school system?
A1: 11 years of primary and secondary education
Q2: What do they want to impliment in 2016?
A2: a 12-year system
Q3: What is the name of one of the tertiary education institutions?
A3: Khujand State University
Q4: What is the percent of tertiary education enrollment?
A4: 17%
Title: Republic_of_the_Congo
Topic: Geography and places

Public expenditure health was at 8.9% of the GDP in 2004, whereas private expenditure was at 1.3%. As of 2012, the HIV/AIDS prevalence was at 2.8% among 15- to 49-year-olds. Health expenditure was at US$30 per capita in 2004. A large proportion of the population is undernourished, with malnutrition being a problem in Congo-Brazzaville. There were 20 physicians per 100,000 persons in the early 2000s (decade).

Q1: How much of the gross domestic product was spent on public health in 2004?
A1: 8.9%
Q2: What was the overall incidence of HIV or AIDS throughout the 15 to 49 year old population?
A2: 2.8%
Q3: How much was spent per capita on health in 2004 as measured in US dollars?
A3: $30
Q4: For every 100,000 people, how many phyisicians were there in the Congo in the early '00s?
A4: 20
Title: Republic_of_the_Congo
Topic: Geography and places

Public expenditure of the GDP was less in 2002–05 than in 1991. Public education is theoretically free and mandatory for under-16-year-olds, but in practice, expenses exist. Net primary enrollment rate was 44% in 2005, much less than the 79% in 1991. The country has universities. Education between ages six and sixteen is compulsory. Pupils who complete six years of primary school and seven years of secondary school obtain a baccalaureate. At the university, students can obtain a bachelor's degree in three years and a master's after four. Marien Ngouabi University—which offers courses in medicine, law and several other fields—is the country's only public university. Instruction at all levels is in French, and the educational system as a whole models the French system. The educational infrastructure has been seriously degraded as a result of political and economic crises. There are no seats in most classrooms, forcing children to sit on the floor. Enterprising individuals have set up private schools, but they often lack the technical knowledge and familiarity with the national curriculum to teach effectively. Families frequently enroll their children in private schools only to find they cannot make the payments.

Q1: Public schooling is required for people under what age?
A1: 16
Q2: What was the school enrollment rate in 2005?
A2: 44%
Q3: What do students who finish 13 years of schooling receive?
A3: baccalaureate
Q4: What language is used in Congolese schools?
A4: French
Title: Saint_Helena
Topic: Geography and places

Public expenditure rose from £10 million in 2001-02 to £12 million in 2005-06 to £28m in 2012-13. The contribution of UK budgetary aid to total SHG government expenditure rose from £4.6 million in to £6.4 million to £12.1 million over the same period. Wages and salaries represent about 38% of recurrent expenditure.

Q1: How much was public expenditure on the island in 2001-2002?
A1: £10 million
Q2: By 2005-06 public expenditure had risen to what?
A2: £12 million
Q3: In 2012-2013, public expenditure was what?
A3: £28m
Q4: UK aid had risen to how much in the same period?
A4: £12.1 million
Q5:  Wages and salaries represent how much % of the island's expenditure?
A5: 38%
Title: Detroit
Topic: Geography and places

Public funding and private investment have also been made with promises to rehabilitate neighborhoods. In April 2008, the city announced a $300-million stimulus plan to create jobs and revitalize neighborhoods, financed by city bonds and paid for by earmarking about 15% of the wagering tax. The city's working plans for neighborhood revitalizations include 7-Mile/Livernois, Brightmoor, East English Village, Grand River/Greenfield, North End, and Osborn. Private organizations have pledged substantial funding to the efforts. Additionally, the city has cleared a 1,200-acre (490 ha) section of land for large-scale neighborhood construction, which the city is calling the Far Eastside Plan. In 2011, Mayor Bing announced a plan to categorize neighborhoods by their needs and prioritize the most needed services for those neighborhoods.

Q1: How much in stimulus money was announced in 2008?
A1: $300-million
Q2: Who was the Mayor of Detroit in 2011?
A2: Mayor Bing
Q3: What is the plan called that seeks to clear land for neighborhood construction?
A3: Far Eastside Plan
Q4: How many acres of land does the Far Eastside Plan seek to clear?
A4: 1,200
Q5: How was the 2008 stimulus plan payed for?
A5: earmarking about 15% of the wagering tax