LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Catalan_language
Topic: Language and literature

The AVL, created by the Valencian parliament, is in charge of dictating the official rules governing the use of Valencian, and its standard is based on the Norms of Castelló (Normes de Castelló). Currently, everyone who writes in Valencian uses this standard, except the Royal Academy of Valencian Culture (Acadèmia de Cultura Valenciana, RACV), which uses for Valencian an independent standard.

Q1: Who established the AVL?
A1: Valencian parliament
Q2: Over what does the AVL  make rules governing?
A2: use of Valencian
Q3: What is the AVL standard based on?
A3: Norms of Castelló
Q4: Who uses this standard?
A4: everyone who writes
Q5: Who is exempt from the standard and uses their own?
A5: Royal Academy of Valencian Culture
Title: Mosaic
Topic: Art and architecture

The Abbot of Monte Cassino, Desiderius sent envoys to Constantinople some time after 1066 to hire expert Byzantine mosaicists for the decoration of the rebuilt abbey church. According to chronicler Leo of Ostia the Greek artists decorated the apse, the arch and the vestibule of the basilica. Their work was admired by contemporaries but was totally destroyed in later centuries except two fragments depicting greyhounds (now in the Monte Cassino Museum). "The abbot in his wisdom decided that great number of young monks in the monastery should be thoroughly initiated in these arts" – says the chronicler about the role of the Greeks in the revival of mosaic art in medieval Italy.

Q1: Who hired Byzantine experts to decorate a rebuilt abbey church?
A1: The Abbot of Monte Cassino
Q2: After what time did the Abbot of Monte Cassino send for Byzantine mosaicists?
A2: 1066
Q3: What animal was on the only surviving mosaics created by the greeks at the rebuilt abbey?
A3: greyhounds
Q4: Where are the only remaining greek mosaic panels now kept?
A4: in the Monte Cassino Museum
Title: Mexico_City
Topic: Geography and places

The Acta Constitutiva de la Federación of January 31, 1824, and the Federal Constitution of October 4, 1824, fixed the political and administrative organization of the United Mexican States after the Mexican War of Independence. In addition, Section XXVIII of Article 50 gave the new Congress the right to choose where the federal government would be located. This location would then be appropriated as federal land, with the federal government acting as the local authority. The two main candidates to become the capital were Mexico City and Querétaro.

Q1: What was the other city in the running to become capital of Mexico?
A1: Querétaro
Q2: What part of the constitution established the right to create a capital city?
A2: Section XXVIII of Article 50
Q3: When was the federal constitution signed? 
A3: October 4, 1824
Q4: What type of land is Mexico City?
A4: federal
Q5: Who is in charge of the land of Mexico City according to the original constitution?
A5: federal government
Title: East_Prussia
Topic: History

The Administrator of Prussia, the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order Maximilian III, son of emperor Maximilian II died in 1618. When Maximilian died, Albert's line died out, and the Duchy of Prussia passed to the Electors of Brandenburg, forming Brandenburg-Prussia. Taking advantage of the Swedish invasion of Poland in 1655, and instead of fulfilling his vassal's duties towards the Polish Kingdom, by joining forces with the Swedes and subsequent treaties of Wehlau, Labiau, and Oliva, Elector and Duke Frederick William succeeded in revoking king of Poland's sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia in 1660. The absolutist elector also subdued the noble estates of Prussia.

Q1: In what year did Maximilian III die?
A1: 1618
Q2: What happened as a result of Maximilian's death?
A2: Albert's line died out
Q3: Who revoked the King of Poland's sovereignty over Prussia in 1660?
A3: Frederick William
Title: Virgil
Topic: Language and literature

The Aeneid appears to have been a great success. Virgil is said to have recited Books 2, 4, and 6 to Augustus; and Book 6 apparently caused Augustus' sister Octavia to faint. Although the truth of this claim is subject to scholarly scepticism, it has served as a basis for later art, such as Jean-Baptiste Wicar's Virgil Reading the Aeneid.

Q1: Which book supposedly caused Augustus' sister to faint?
A1: 6
Q2: What was the title of Jean-Baptiste Wicar's artwork inspired by the Aeneid?
A2: Virgil Reading the Aeneid
Q3: Who did Virgil recite Books 2, 4, and 6 of the Aeneid to?
A3: Augustus
Title: Virgil
Topic: Language and literature

The Aeneid is widely considered Virgil's finest work and one of the most important poems in the history of western literature. Virgil worked on the Aeneid during the last eleven years of his life (29–19 BC), commissioned, according to Propertius, by Augustus. The epic poem consists of 12 books in dactylic hexameter verse which describe the journey of Aeneas, a warrior fleeing the sack of Troy, to Italy, his battle with the Italian prince Turnus, and the foundation of a city from which Rome would emerge. The Aeneid's first six books describe the journey of Aeneas from Troy to Rome. Virgil made use of several models in the composition of his epic; Homer, the preeminent author of classical epic, is everywhere present, but Virgil also makes special use of the Latin poet Ennius and the Hellenistic poet Apollonius of Rhodes among the various other writers to which he alludes. Although the Aeneid casts itself firmly into the epic mode, it often seeks to expand the genre by including elements of other genres such as tragedy and aetiological poetry. Ancient commentators noted that Virgil seems to divide the Aeneid into two sections based on the poetry of Homer; the first six books were viewed as employing the Odyssey as a model while the last six were connected to the Iliad.

Q1: Which of Virgil's works is widely considered his finest?
A1: The Aeneid
Q2: Who commissioned the Aeneid according to Propertius?
A2: Augustus
Q3: How many books are included in The Aeneid?
A3: 12
Q4: Which of Homer's works did the first six books of the Aeneid model after?
A4: Odyssey
Q5: Which of Homer's works did the last six books of the Aeneid connect to?
A5: Iliad
Title: Federal_Aviation_Administration
Topic: History

The Aeronautics Branch was renamed the Bureau of Air Commerce in 1934 to reflect its enhanced status within the Department. As commercial flying increased, the Bureau encouraged a group of airlines to establish the first three centers for providing air traffic control (ATC) along the airways. In 1936, the Bureau itself took over the centers and began to expand the ATC system. The pioneer air traffic controllers used maps, blackboards, and mental calculations to ensure the safe separation of aircraft traveling along designated routes between cities.

Q1: What was the Areonautics Branch renamed to?
A1: Bureau of Air Commerce
Q2: When was the Aeronautics Branch renamed?
A2: 1934
Q3: When did the Buerau take over and begin to expant the ATC system?
A3: 1936
Q4: What were the people who used maps, blackboards, and mental calculation to ensure the safe separation of aircraft traveling between cities called?
A4: air traffic controllers
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Age of Enlightenment is a time in Western philosophy and cultural life centered upon the 18th century in which reason was advocated as the primary source and legitimacy for authority. Enlightenment gained momentum more or less simultaneously in many parts of Europe and America. Developing during the Enlightenment era, Renaissance humanism as an intellectual movement spread across Europe. The basic training of the humanist was to speak well and write (typically, in the form of a letter). The term umanista comes from the latter part of the 15th century. The people were associated with the studia humanitatis, a novel curriculum that was competing with the quadrivium and scholastic logic.

Q1: What was the age of Enlightenment centered on?
A1: the 18th century in which reason was advocated as the primary source and legitimacy for authority.
Q2: Where did Enlightenment gain momentum?
A2: Europe and America
Q3: What is the basic training of a humanist?
A3: speak well and write
Q4: From where does the phrase humanist originate? 
A4: the 15th century
Q5: What were the studia humanitatis competing against?
A5: quadrivium and scholastic logic.
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

The Age of Enlightenment was a European affair. The 17th century "Age of Reason" opened the avenues to the decisive steps towards modern science, which took place during the 18th century "Age of Enlightenment". Directly based on the works of Newton, Descartes, Pascal and Leibniz, the way was now clear to the development of modern mathematics, physics and technology by the generation of Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), Leonhard Euler (1707–1783), Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765) and Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1717–1783), epitomized in the appearance of Denis Diderot's Encyclopédie between 1751 and 1772. The impact of this process was not limited to science and technology, but affected philosophy (Immanuel Kant, David Hume), religion (the increasingly significant impact of science upon religion), and society and politics in general (Adam Smith, Voltaire), the French Revolution of 1789 setting a bloody cesura indicating the beginning of political modernity[citation needed]. The early modern period is seen as a flowering of the European Renaissance, in what is often known as the Scientific Revolution, viewed as a foundation of modern science.

Q1: The Age of Reason made way for which movement?
A1: Age of Enlightenment
Q2: What event is considered to be the start of political modernity?
A2: the French Revolution of 1789
Q3: What book did Denis Diderot write?
A3: Encyclopédie
Title: Age_of_Enlightenment
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The Age of Enlightenment was preceded by and closely associated with the scientific revolution. Earlier philosophers whose work influenced the Enlightenment included Francis Bacon, Descartes, Locke, and Spinoza. The major figures of the Enlightenment included Cesare Beccaria, Voltaire, Denis Diderot, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, David Hume, Adam Smith, and Immanuel Kant. Some European rulers, including Catherine II of Russia, Joseph II of Austria and Frederick I of Prussia, tried to apply Enlightenment thought on religious and political tolerance, which became known as enlightened absolutism. The Americans Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson came to Europe during the period and contributed actively to the scientific and political debate, and the ideals of the Enlightenment were incorporated into the United States Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.

Q1: Trying to apply Enlightenment thought on religious and political tolerance became known as what?
A1: enlightened absolutism
Q2: Which two Americans travelled to Europe during the Enlightenment and actively contributed to the scienific and political debate?
A2: Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson
Q3: The ideals of the Enlightenment were incorporated into which two United States documents?
A3: Declaration of Independence and the Constitution
Q4: Did the scientific revolution precede or follow the Age of Enlightenment?
A4: preceded
Title: Federal_Aviation_Administration
Topic: History

The Air Commerce Act of May 20, 1926, is the cornerstone of the federal government's regulation of civil aviation. This landmark legislation was passed at the urging of the aviation industry, whose leaders believed the airplane could not reach its full commercial potential without federal action to improve and maintain safety standards. The Act charged the Secretary of Commerce with fostering air commerce, issuing and enforcing air traffic rules, licensing pilots, certifying aircraft, establishing airways, and operating and maintaining aids to air navigation. The newly created Aeronautics Branch, operating under the Department of Commerce assumed primary responsibility for aviation oversight.

Q1: When was the Air Commerce Act passed?
A1: May 20, 1926
Q2: Who was charged with fostering air commerce?
A2: Secretary of Commerce
Q3: What new branch was created and operates under the Department of Commerce?
A3: Aeronautics Branch
Q4: Who assumed primary responsibility for aviation oversight?
A4: Aeronautics Branch
Q5: Who was responsible for operating and maintaining aids to air navigation?
A5: Secretary of Commerce
Title: United_States_Air_Force
Topic: Warfare

The Air Force also provides Commissioned Officer Training (COT) for officers of all three components who are direct-commissioned to non-line positions due to their credentials in medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration. Originally viewed as a "knife and fork school" that covered little beyond basic wear of the uniform, COT in recent years has been fully integrated into the OTS program and today encompasses extensive coursework as well as field exercises in leadership, confidence, fitness, and deployed-environment operations.

Q1: What does the Air Force provide for officers of direct to non-line positions?
A1: Commissioned Officer Training
Q2: What fields of study in the COT are included in this area of the USAF? 
A2: medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration
Q3: What is an example of the coursework now offered in the COT in the USAF? 
A3: deployed-environment operations
Title: Eritrea
Topic: Natural sciences

The Aksumites erected a number of large stelae, which served a religious purpose in pre-Christian times. One of these granite columns, the obelisk of Aksum, is the largest such structure in the world, standing at 90 feet. Under Ezana (fl. 320–360), Aksum later adopted Christianity. In the 7th century, early Muslims from Mecca also sought refuge from Quraysh persecution by travelling to the kingdom, a journey known in Islamic history as the First Hijra. It is also the alleged resting place of the Ark of the Covenant and the purported home of the Queen of Sheba.

Q1: What purpose did stelae serve?
A1: religious
Q2: Who erected a number of large stelae in pre-Christian times?
A2: The Aksumites
Q3: Which stelae is considered the largest in the world, standing at 90 feet?
A3: the obelisk of Aksum
Q4: Who eventually adopted Christianity under Ezana?
A4: Aksum
Q5: Where is the Ark of the Covenant believed to be resting?
A5: Aksum
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

The Alaska Bush, central Juneau, midtown and downtown Anchorage, and the areas surrounding the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus and Ester have been strongholds of the Democratic Party. The Matanuska-Susitna Borough, the majority of Fairbanks (including North Pole and the military base), and South Anchorage typically have the strongest Republican showing. As of 2004[update], well over half of all registered voters have chosen "Non-Partisan" or "Undeclared" as their affiliation, despite recent attempts to close primaries to unaffiliated voters.

Q1: The areas surrounding which university has been historically a Democratic stronghold?
A1: University of Alaska Fairbanks
Q2: Which areas of Alaska have the highest Republican concentrations?
A2: The Matanuska-Susitna Borough, the majority of Fairbanks (including North Pole and the military base), and South Anchorage
Q3: As of 2004, how many Alaskan residents refuse to select a political party?
A3: well over half
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

The Alaska Constitution was written so as to discourage dedicating state funds for a particular purpose. The Permanent Fund has become the rare exception to this, mostly due to the political climate of distrust existing during the time of its creation. From its initial principal of $734,000, the fund has grown to $50 billion as a result of oil royalties and capital investment programs. Most if not all the principal is invested conservatively outside Alaska. This has led to frequent calls by Alaskan politicians for the Fund to make investments within Alaska, though such a stance has never gained momentum.

Q1: Was Alaska's Constitution written to encourage or discourage state funds being used for a particular purpose?
A1: discourage
Q2: Why is the Permanent Fund an exception to the premise of the Alaskan Constitution?
A2: political climate of distrust existing during the time of its creation
Q3: Where is the principal of the Permanent Fund invested?
A3: outside Alaska
Q4: How much was the initial principal of the Permanent Fund?
A4: $734,000
Q5: How high has the principal of the Permanent Fund grown?
A5: $50 billion
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

The Alaska Native Language Center at the University of Alaska Fairbanks claims that at least 20 Alaskan native languages exist and there are also some languages with different dialects. Most of Alaska's native languages belong to either the Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene language families however some languages are thought to be isolates (e.g. Haida) or have not yet been classified (e.g. Tsimshianic). As of 2014[update] nearly all of Alaska's native languages were classified as either threatened, shifting, moribund, nearly extinct, or dormant languages.

Q1: At least how many native Alaskan languages exist, according to the Alaska Native Language Center?
A1: at least 20
Q2: What are the two main native Alaskan language families?
A2: Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene
Q3: How many of Alaska's native languages are in danger of becoing dormant or extinct languages according to a 2014 study?
A3: nearly all
Q4: A study completed in what year found that nearly all of Alaska's native languages are at risk of becoming extinct?
A4: 2014
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

The Alaska Permanent Fund is a constitutionally authorized appropriation of oil revenues, established by voters in 1976 to manage a surplus in state petroleum revenues from oil, largely in anticipation of the recently constructed Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. The fund was originally proposed by Governor Keith Miller on the eve of the 1969 Prudhoe Bay lease sale, out of fear that the legislature would spend the entire proceeds of the sale (which amounted to $900 million) at once. It was later championed by Governor Jay Hammond and Kenai state representative Hugh Malone. It has served as an attractive political prospect ever since, diverting revenues which would normally be deposited into the general fund.

Q1: What is the Alaska Permanent Fund?
A1: constitutionally authorized appropriation of oil revenues
Q2: In what year was the Alaska Permanent Fund established?
A2: 1976
Q3: Why was the Alaska Permament Fund established?
A3: to manage a surplus in state petroleum revenues from oil
Q4: Who originally proposed the Alaska Permanent Fund?
A4: Governor Keith Miller
Q5: Why did Governor Keith Miller propose the Alaska Permanent Fund before the Prudhoe Bay sale?
A5: fear that the legislature would spend the entire proceeds of the sale (which amounted to $900 million) at once
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

The Alaska Railroad was one of the last railroads in North America to use cabooses in regular service and still uses them on some gravel trains. It continues to offer one of the last flag stop routes in the country. A stretch of about 60 miles (100 km) of track along an area north of Talkeetna remains inaccessible by road; the railroad provides the only transportation to rural homes and cabins in the area. Until construction of the Parks Highway in the 1970s, the railroad provided the only land access to most of the region along its entire route.

Q1: The ARR was one of the last railroads in the US to use what?
A1: cabooses
Q2: When are cabooses still used occasionally?
A2: some gravel trains
Q3: When was the Parks Highway constructed?
A3: 1970s
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

The Alaska State Troopers are Alaska's statewide police force. They have a long and storied history, but were not an official organization until 1941. Before the force was officially organized, law enforcement in Alaska was handled by various federal agencies. Larger towns usually have their own local police and some villages rely on "Public Safety Officers" who have police training but do not carry firearms. In much of the state, the troopers serve as the only police force available. In addition to enforcing traffic and criminal law, wildlife Troopers enforce hunting and fishing regulations. Due to the varied terrain and wide scope of the Troopers' duties, they employ a wide variety of land, air, and water patrol vehicles.

Q1: In what year did Alaskan State Troopers become an official organization?
A1: 1941
Q2: What is different about a "Public Safety Officer" that distiguishes the position from a policeman?
A2: have police training but do not carry firearms
Q3: What do wildlife enforcers regulate?
A3: hunting and fishing regulations
Q4: What type of vehicles do Troopers operate?
A4: a wide variety of land, air, and water patrol vehicles
Title: Asphalt
Topic: Natural sciences

The Albanian bitumen extraction has a long history and was practiced in an organized way by the Romans. After centuries of silence, the first mentions of Albanian bitumen appeared only in 1868, when the Frenchman Coquand published the first geological description of the deposits of Albanian bitumen. In 1875, the exploitation rights were granted to the Ottoman government and in 1912, they were transferred to the Italian company Simsa. Since 1945, the mine was exploited by the Albanian government and from 2001 to date, the management passed to a French company, which organized the mining process for the manufacture of the natural bitumen on an industrial scale.

Q1: What ancient group used bitumen extraction?
A1: Romans
Q2: When were the first published reports of bitumen extraction in Albania?
A2: 1868
Q3: What government had exploitation rights for bitumen extraction?
A3: Ottoman
Q4: When were the Ottoman rights given to the Simsa company?
A4: 1912
Q5: When was management of Albanian bitumen acquired by the French?
A5: 2001
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

The Aleutian Islands are still home to the Aleut people's seafaring society, although they were the first Native Alaskans to be exploited by Russians. Western and Southwestern Alaska are home to the Yup'ik, while their cousins the Alutiiq ~ Sugpiaq lived in what is now Southcentral Alaska. The Gwich'in people of the northern Interior region are Athabaskan and primarily known today for their dependence on the caribou within the much-contested Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The North Slope and Little Diomede Island are occupied by the widespread Inupiat people.

Q1: Which indigenous group is controversially known for hunting caribou on protected land?
A1: The Gwich'in people of the northern Interior region
Q2: The Inuplat population inhabit what areas?
A2: The North Slope and Little Diomede Island
Q3: Which Alaskan indigenous group was the fist to be exploited by Russians?
A3: Aleut
Title: Crimean_War
Topic: History

The Allied army relocated without problems to the south and the heavy artillery was brought ashore with batteries and connecting trenches built so that by 10 October some batteries were ready and by 17 October—when the bombardment commenced—126 guns were firing, 53 of them French.:430 The fleet at the same time engaged the shore batteries. The British bombardment worked better than the French, who had smaller caliber guns. The fleet suffered high casualties during the day. The British wanted to attack that afternoon, but the French wanted to defer the attack. A postponement was agreed, but on the next day the French were still not ready. By 19 October the Russians had transferred some heavy guns to the southern defenses and outgunned the allies.:431

Q1: When did the continuous attack start?
A1: 17 October
Q2: When the continuous attack started, how many guns were firing?
A2: 126 guns
Q3: Who was not ready to start the attack?
A3: the French
Q4: Who was outgunned due to heavy guns at a southern defense?
A4: the allies
Q5: Who wanted to commence with the attack during the afternoon?
A5: The British
Title: Napoleon
Topic: History

The Allied disaster at Austerlitz significantly shook the faith of Emperor Francis in the British-led war effort. France and Austria agreed to an armistice immediately and the Treaty of Pressburg followed shortly after on 26 December. Pressburg took Austria out of both the war and the Coalition while reinforcing the earlier treaties of Campo Formio and of Lunéville between the two powers. The treaty confirmed the Austrian loss of lands to France in Italy and Bavaria, and lands in Germany to Napoleon's German allies. It also imposed an indemnity of 40 million francs on the defeated Habsburgs and allowed the fleeing Russian troops free passage through hostile territories and back to their home soil. Napoleon went on to say, "The battle of Austerlitz is the finest of all I have fought." Frank McLynn suggests that Napoleon was so successful at Austerlitz that he lost touch with reality, and what used to be French foreign policy became a "personal Napoleonic one". Vincent Cronin disagrees, stating that Napoleon was not overly ambitious for himself, "he embodied the ambitions of thirty million Frenchmen".

Q1: The Allied defeat at what location caused Emperor Francis to doubt the chances of the war effort?
A1: Austerlitz
Q2: What was the name of the treaty signed by France and Austria on 26 December?
A2: the Treaty of Pressburg
Q3: On what date was the Treaty of Pressburg signed?
A3: 26 December
Q4: The Treaty of Pressburg resulted in which country leaving the war?
A4: Austria
Q5: How much did the Habsburgs have to pay as a result of the Treaty of Pressburg?
A5: 40 million francs
Title: Crimean_War
Topic: History

The Allies had had time to consider the problem. The French being brought around to agree that the key to the defence was the Malakoff.:441 Emphasis of the siege at Sevastopol shifted to the British left, against the fortifications on Malakoff hill.:339 In March, there was fighting by the French over a new fort being built by the Russians at Mamelon, located on a hill in front of the Malakoff. Several weeks of fighting saw little change in the front line, and the Mamelon remained in Russian hands.

Q1: What did the French believe was instrumental in their defense?
A1: the Malakoff
Q2: Where was the Russians building a new fort?
A2: Mamelon
Q3: Mamelon is found on a hill in front of what suburban commune?
A3: Malakoff
Q4: After fighting for weeks, what did the Russians continue to have control over?
A4: the Mamelon
Title: Napoleon
Topic: History

The Allies offered peace terms in the Frankfurt proposals in November 1813. Napoleon would remain as Emperor of France, but it would be reduced to its "natural frontiers." That meant that France could retain control of Belgium, Savoy and the Rhineland (the west bank of the Rhine River), while giving up control of all the rest, including all of Spain and the Netherlands, and most of Italy and Germany. Metternich told Napoleon these were the best terms the Allies were likely to offer; after further victories, the terms would be harsher and harsher. Metternich's motivation was to maintain France as a balance against Russian threats, while ending the highly destabilizing series of wars.

Q1: The Allies suggested peace terms in which set of proposals?
A1: the Frankfurt proposals
Q2: When were the Frankfurt proposals made?
A2: November 1813
Q3: The Frankfurt proposals allowed Napoleon to retain what position in France?
A3: Emperor
Q4: The Frankfurt proposals sought to reduce France to what?
A4: its "natural frontiers."
Q5:  Who told Napoleon that the Frankfurt proposals were probably the best terms the Allies would offer?
A5: Metternich
Title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union
Topic: History

The Alma-Ata Protocol also addressed other issues, including UN membership. Notably, Russia was authorized to assume the Soviet Union's UN membership, including its permanent seat on the Security Council. The Soviet Ambassador to the UN delivered a letter signed by Russian President Yeltsin to the UN Secretary-General dated December 24, 1991, informing him that by virtue of the Alma-Ata Protocol, Russia was the successor state to the USSR. After being circulated among the other UN member states, with no objection raised, the statement was declared accepted on the last day of the year, December 31, 1991.

Q1: Which country took over the Soviet Union's UN membership?
A1: Russia
Q2: What made Russia the successor state to the USSR?
A2: Alma-Ata Protocol
Q3: Who wrote the letter to the UN secretary general informing them that Russia would be replacing the USSR?
A3: Yeltsin
Q4: What was the date on the Yeltsin letter?
A4: December 24, 1991
Q5: When did the UN accept the statement?
A5: December 31, 1991
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alpine orogeny occurred in ongoing cycles through to the Paleogene causing differences in nappe structures, with a late-stage orogeny causing the development of the Jura Mountains. A series of tectonic events in the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods caused different paleogeographic regions. The Alps are subdivided by different lithology (rock composition) and nappe structure according to the orogenic events that affected them. The geological subdivision differentiates the Western, Eastern Alps and Southern Alps: the Helveticum in the north, the Penninicum and Austroalpine system in the center and, south of the Periadriatic Seam, the Southern Alpine system.

Q1: What caused the development of the Jura Mountains? 
A1: a late-stage orogeny
Q2: What cause different paleogeographic regions in the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods?
A2: A series of tectonic events
Q3: What is another word for rock composition? 
A3: lithology
Q4: What geological subdivision is located in the north?
A4: Helveticum
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alpine region has a strong cultural identity. The traditional culture of farming, cheesemaking, and woodworking still exists in Alpine villages, although the tourist industry began to grow early in the 20th century and expanded greatly after World War II to become the dominant industry by the end of the century. The Winter Olympic Games have been hosted in the Swiss, French, Italian, Austrian and German Alps. At present the region is home to 14 million people and has 120 million annual visitors.

Q1: The alps is home to how many people?
A1: 14 million people
Q2: How many visitors go to the Alps annually?
A2: 120 million
Q3: What is the dominant industry in the Alpine region? 
A3: tourist industry
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alps (/ælps/; Italian: Alpi [ˈalpi]; French: Alpes [alp]; German: Alpen [ˈʔalpm̩]; Slovene: Alpe [ˈáːlpɛ]) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, stretching approximately 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) across eight Alpine countries: Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Slovenia, and Switzerland. The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia. The mountains were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrusting and folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the French–Italian border, and at 4,810 m (15,781 ft) is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains about a hundred peaks higher than 4,000 m (13,123 ft), known as the "four-thousanders".

Q1: What Country are the Alps located in?
A1: Europe
Q2: How many kilometres do the Alps stretch?
A2: 1,200 kilometres
Q3: How long has it taken for the Alps to form? 
A3: over tens of millions of years
Q4: What is the highest mountain in the Alps?
A4: Mont Blanc
Q5: The Alpine region is also known as what? 
A5: the "four-thousanders"
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alps are a classic example of what happens when a temperate area at lower altitude gives way to higher-elevation terrain. Elevations around the world that have cold climates similar to those of the polar regions have been called Alpine. A rise from sea level into the upper regions of the atmosphere causes the temperature to decrease (see adiabatic lapse rate). The effect of mountain chains on prevailing winds is to carry warm air belonging to the lower region into an upper zone, where it expands in volume at the cost of a proportionate loss of temperature, often accompanied by precipitation in the form of snow or rain. The height of the Alps is sufficient to divide the weather patterns in Europe into a wet north and a dry south because moisture is sucked from the air as it flows over the high peaks.

Q1: What are a classic example of what happens when a temperate area at lower altitude gives way to higher-elevation terrain?
A1: The Alps
Q2: Elevations around the world that have a cold climate similar to that of the polar region have been called what?
A2: Alpine
Q3: What causes the temperature to decrease?
A3: A rise from sea level into the upper regions of the atmosphere
Q4: What is sufficient to divide the weather patterns in Europe into a wet north and dry south?
A4: The height of the Alps
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alps are a crescent shaped geographic feature of central Europe that ranges in a 800 km (500 mi) arc from east to west and is 200 km (120 mi) in width. The mean height of the mountain peaks is 2.5 km (1.6 mi). The range stretches from the Mediterranean Sea north above the Po basin, extending through France from Grenoble, eastward through mid and southern Switzerland. The range continues toward Vienna in Austria, and east to the Adriatic Sea and into Slovenia. To the south it dips into northern Italy and to the north extends to the south border of Bavaria in Germany. In areas like Chiasso, Switzerland, and Neuschwanstein, Bavaria, the demarcation between the mountain range and the flatlands are clear; in other places such as Geneva, the demarcation is less clear. The countries with the greatest alpine territory are Switzerland, France, Austria and Italy.

Q1: What are the crescent shaped geographic feature of central Europe?
A1: The Alps
Q2: What is the mean height of the Alp's peak?
A2: 2.5 km (1.6 mi)
Q3: How far does the Alps range stretch?
A3: the Mediterranean Sea north above the Po basin, extending through France from Grenoble, eastward through mid and southern Switzerland
Q4: Switzerland, France, Austria and Italy have the greatest what? 
A4: alpine territory
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alps are a habitat for 30,000 species of wildlife, ranging from the tiniest snow fleas to brown bears, many of which have made adaptations to the harsh cold conditions and high altitudes to the point that some only survive in specific micro-climates either directly above or below the snow line.

Q1: How many species of wildlife habitat the Alps?
A1: 30,000 species
Q2: What have the wildlife done to survive the harsh conditions of the Alps?
A2: made adaptations
Q3: Some species of wildlife can only survive in what specific environment?
A3: directly above or below the snow line
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alps are a source of minerals that have been mined for thousands of years. In the 8th to 6th centuries BC during the Hallstatt culture, Celtic tribes mined copper; later the Romans mined gold for coins in the Bad Gastein area. Erzberg in Styria furnishes high-quality iron ore for the steel industry. Crystals are found throughout much of the Alpine region such as cinnabar, amethyst, and quartz. The cinnabar deposits in Slovenia are a notable source of cinnabar pigments.

Q1: What have been mined in the Alps for thousands of years? 
A1: minerals
Q2: What did Celtic tribes mine from the Alps?
A2: copper
Q3: What did the Romans mine in the Bad Gastein area?
A3: gold
Q4: What does Erzberd in Styria furnish?
A4: high-quality iron ore
Q5: The cinnabar deposits are found in what area?
A5: Slovenia
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alps are split into five climatic zones, each with different vegetation. The climate, plant life and animal life vary among the different sections or zones of the mountains. The lowest zone is the colline zone, which exists between 500 and 1,000 m (1,640 and 3,281 ft), depending on the location. The montane zone extends from 800 to 1,700 m (2,625 to 5,577 ft), followed by the sub-Alpine zone from 1,600 to 2,400 m (5,249 to 7,874 ft). The Alpine zone, extending from tree line to snow line, is followed by the glacial zone, which covers the glaciated areas of the mountain. Climatic conditions show variances within the same zones; for example, weather conditions at the head of a mountain valley, extending directly from the peaks, are colder and more severe than those at the mouth of a valley which tend to be less severe and receive less snowfall.

Q1: How many zones are the Alps split into?
A1: five climatic zones
Q2: What is the lowest zone of the Alps called?
A2: colline zone
Q3: Where does the lowest zone of the Alps exist? 
A3: between 500 and 1,000 m
Q4: Where does the montane zone extend from?
A4: from 800 to 1,700 m
Q5: Where does the sub-Alpine zone extend from?
A5: from 1,600 to 2,400 m
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alps have been crossed for war and commerce, and by pilgrims, students and tourists. Crossing routes by road, train or foot are known as passes, and usually consist of depressions in the mountains in which a valley leads from the plains and hilly pre-mountainous zones. In the medieval period hospices were established by religious orders at the summits of many of the main passes. The most important passes are the Col de l'Iseran (the highest), the Brenner Pass, the Mont-Cenis, the Great St. Bernard Pass, the Col de Tende, the Gotthard Pass, the Semmering Pass, and the Stelvio Pass.

Q1: What have been crossed for war and commerce? 
A1: The Alps
Q2: What was established during medieval periods by religious orders?
A2: hospices
Q3: Where were hospices established? 
A3: the summits of many of the main passes
Q4: What is the highest of the most important passes of the Alps?
A4: Col de l'Iseran
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The Alps provide lowland Europe with drinking water, irrigation, and hydroelectric power. Although the area is only about 11 percent of the surface area of Europe, the Alps provide up to 90 percent of water to lowland Europe, particularly to arid areas and during the summer months. Cities such as Milan depend on 80 percent of water from Alpine runoff. Water from the rivers is used in over 500 hydroelectricity power plants, generating as much as 2900 kilowatts of electricity.

Q1: What provides Europe with drinking water, irrigation, and hydroelectric power?
A1: The Alps
Q2: How much of Europe does the Alps cover?
A2: 11 percent of the surface area
Q3: How much water does the Alps provide to lowland Europe?
A3: 90 percent
Q4: How much water does Milan depend on from the Alpine runoff?
A4: 80 percent
Q5: Water from the rivers is used in over how many hydroelectric power plants?
A5: 500
Title: Oklahoma_City
Topic: Geography and places

The American Banjo Museum located in the Bricktown Entertainment district is dedicated to preserving and promoting the music and heritage of America's native musical instrument – the banjo. With a collection valued at $3.5 million it is truly a national treasure. An interpretive exhibits tells the evolution of the banjo from its humble roots in American slavery, to bluegrass, to folk and world music.

Q1: What musical instrument has it's own museum in Oklahoma City?
A1: the banjo
Q2: How much is the collection worth in the museum?
A2: $3.5 million
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Topic: Geography and places

The American Civil War boosted the local economy with wartime purchases of industrial goods, including that of the New Haven Arms Company, which would later become the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. (Winchester would continue to produce arms in New Haven until 2006, and many of the buildings that were a part of the Winchester plant are now a part of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company Historic District.) After the war, population grew and doubled by the start of the 20th century, most notably due to the influx of immigrants from southern Europe, particularly Italy. Today, roughly half the populations of East Haven, West Haven, and North Haven are Italian-American. Jewish immigration to New Haven has left an enduring mark on the city. Westville was the center of Jewish life in New Haven, though today many have fanned out to suburban communities such as Woodbridge and Cheshire.

Q1: What major war stimulated the New Haven economy by way of industrial goods purchased through the New Haven Arms Company?
A1: American Civil War
Q2: What was the New Haven Arms Company later renamed?
A2: Winchester Repeating Arms Company
Q3: The increase in immigrants from what country in southern Europe had a notable impact on the population growth in New Haven in the early 20th century?
A3: Italy
Q4: What ethnic group currently comprises approximately half the population of East Haven, West Haven and North Haven?
A4: Italian-American
Q5: What area of New Haven was known for being the center of the Jewish community?
A5: Westville
Q6: What was the original name of the famous rifle manufacturing companies in New Haven?
A6: New Haven Arms Company
Q7: In modern day New Haven who makes up for majority of the demographics in terms of ethnicity?
A7: Italian-American
Q8: The Civil War had many effects after the war, what was the main effect for New Haven?
A8: population grew and doubled
Title: Military_history_of_the_United_States
Topic: History

The American Civil War caught both sides unprepared. The Confederacy hoped to win by getting Britain and France to intervene, or else by wearing down the North's willingness to fight. The U.S. sought a quick victory focused on capturing the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. The Confederates under Robert E. Lee tenaciously defended their capital until the very end. The war spilled across the continent, and even to the high seas. Most of the material and personnel of the South were used up, while the North prospered.

Q1: What was the Confederate overall strategy to win the Civil War?
A1: getting Britain and France to intervene
Q2: What was the Union's original war aim?
A2: capturing the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia
Q3: Who led the Confederate forces defending Richmond throughout the war?
A3: Robert E. Lee
Q4: How did the war effect both sides?
A4: the material and personnel of the South were used up, while the North prospered
Title: United_States_Army
Topic: History

The American Civil War was the costliest war for the U.S. in terms of casualties. After most slave states, located in the southern U.S., formed the Confederate States, C.S. troops led by former U.S. Army officers, mobilized a very large fraction of Southern white manpower. Forces of the United States (the "Union" or "the North") formed the Union Army consisting of a small body of regular army units and a large body of volunteer units raised from every state, north and south, except South Carolina.[citation needed]

Q1: Which war had the most U.S. casualties associated with it?
A1: The American Civil War
Q2: What were the U.S. forces referred to as?
A2: the "Union" or "the North"
Q3: What state did not contribute any troops to the Union Army?
A3: South Carolina
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

The American Idol Songwriter contest was also held this season. From ten of the most popular submissions, each of the final two contestants chose a song to perform, although neither of their selections was used as the "coronation song". The winning song, "The Time of My Life", was recorded by David Cook and released on May 22, 2008.

Q1: What was the name of the first song released by David Cook after winning American Idol?
A1: The Time of My Life
Q2: How was the winning single chose on season seven of American Idol?
A2: The American Idol Songwriter contest
Q3: What year did David Cook release the single, "The Time of My Life"?
A3: 2008
Q4: What was the coronation song?
A4: The Time of My Life
Q5: When did Cook release his version of The Time of My Life?
A5: May 22, 2008
Title: Space_Race
Topic: History

The American Lunar Module was finally ready for a successful piloted test flight in low Earth orbit on Apollo 9 in March 1969. The next mission, Apollo 10, conducted a "dress rehearsal" for the first landing in May 1969, flying the LM in lunar orbit as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surface, the point where the powered descent to the surface would begin. With the LM proven to work well, the next step was to attempt the actual landing.

Q1: How close to the ground was the Lunar Module in May 1969 during its landing test?
A1: 47,400 feet
Q2: The Lunar Module completed its first low Earth orbit on what date?
A2: March 1969
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

The American Psychological Association states that "[s]exual orientation refers to an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes" and that "[t]his range of behaviors and attractions has been described in various cultures and nations throughout the world. Many cultures use identity labels to describe people who express these attractions. In the United States, the most frequent labels are lesbians (women attracted to women), gay men (men attracted to men), and bisexual people (men or women attracted to both sexes). However, some people may use different labels or none at all". They additionally state that sexual orientation "is distinct from other components of sex and gender, including biological sex (the anatomical, physiological, and genetic characteristics associated with being male or female), gender identity (the psychological sense of being male or female), and social gender role (the cultural norms that define feminine and masculine behavior)". According to psychologists, sexual orientation also refers to a person’s choice of sexual partners, who may be homosexual, heterosexual, or bisexual.

Q1: What does the American Physocological Association say that sexual orientation refers to?
A1: an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes
Q2: What do a lot of cultures use to describe homosexual people?
A2: identity labels
Q3: What are the most used labels in America to describe homosexuals?
A3: lesbians (women attracted to women), gay men (men attracted to men), and bisexual people (men or women attracted to both sexes).
Q4: What do psychologists says sexual orientation can also mean?
A4: a person’s choice of sexual partners
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The American Revolution begun with fighting at Lexington and Concord. On July 4, 1776, they issued the Declaration of Independence, which proclaimed their independence from Great Britain and their formation of a cooperative union. In June 1776, Benjamin Franklin was appointed a member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence. Although he was temporarily disabled by gout and unable to attend most meetings of the Committee, Franklin made several small changes to the draft sent to him by Thomas Jefferson.

Q1: Where did the American Revolution start?
A1: Lexington and Concord
Q2: What was issued on July 4, 1776?
A2: Declaration of Independence
Q3: What did the Declaration Of Independence proclaim?
A3: independence from Great Britain and their formation of a cooperative union.
Q4: What position was Ben Franklin appointed in 1776?
A4: member of the Committee of Five that drafted the Declaration of Independence.
Q5: What was Ben Franklin disabled by? 
A5: gout