LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Genome
Topic: Natural sciences

Genome composition is used to describe the make up of contents of a haploid genome, which should include genome size, proportions of non-repetitive DNA and repetitive DNA in details. By comparing the genome compositions between genomes, scientists can better understand the evolutionary history of a given genome.

Q1: What is the term that accounts for the constituents of the haploid genome?
A1: Genome composition
Q2: What aspect of a genome can genome compositions help researchers in learning about?
A2: evolutionary history
Title: Genome
Topic: Natural sciences

Genome size is the total number of DNA base pairs in one copy of a haploid genome. The genome size is positively correlated with the morphological complexity among prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes; however, after mollusks and all the other higher eukaryotes above, this correlation is no longer effective. This phenomenon also indicates the mighty influence coming from repetitive DNA act on the genomes.

Q1: What is the name for the count of all DNA base pairs in a single haploid genome?
A1: Genome size
Q2: What does genome size have a direct relationship with in prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes?
A2: morphological complexity
Q3: What accounts for the breakdown of the relation between genome size and morphological complexity in higher eukaryotes?
A3: repetitive DNA
Title: Genome
Topic: Natural sciences

Genomes are more than the sum of an organism's genes and have traits that may be measured and studied without reference to the details of any particular genes and their products. Researchers compare traits such as chromosome number (karyotype), genome size, gene order, codon usage bias, and GC-content to determine what mechanisms could have produced the great variety of genomes that exist today (for recent overviews, see Brown 2002; Saccone and Pesole 2003; Benfey and Protopapas 2004; Gibson and Muse 2004; Reese 2004; Gregory 2005).

Q1: What is another word for the total count of chromosomes?
A1: karyotype
Q2: Aside from karyotype, what are other genomic traits studied by scientists?
A2: genome size, gene order, codon usage bias, and GC-content
Title: Literature
Topic: Language and literature

Genre fiction also showed it could question reality in its 20th century forms, in spite of its fixed formulas, through the enquiries of the skeptical detective and the alternative realities of science fiction. The separation of "mainstream" and "genre" forms (including journalism) continued to blur during the period up to our own times. William Burroughs, in his early works, and Hunter S. Thompson expanded documentary reporting into strong subjective statements after the second World War, and post-modern critics have disparaged the idea of objective realism in general.

Q1: What sub-group of literature emerged in the 20th century?
A1: Genre fiction
Q2: Alternative reality genre fiction is also known as what?
A2: science fiction
Q3: Who were two 20th century writers who blurred the lines between journalism and literature?
A3: William Burroughs, in his early works, and Hunter S. Thompson
Q4: By what means did these two writers create and emergent convergence of literature and journalism?
A4: strong subjective statements
Q5: Critics based in what movement find fault in objective realism?
A5: post-modern
Title: Umayyad_Caliphate
Topic: History

Geographically, the empire was divided into several provinces, the borders of which changed numerous times during the Umayyad reign. Each province had a governor appointed by the khalifah. The governor was in charge of the religious officials, army leaders, police, and civil administrators in his province. Local expenses were paid for by taxes coming from that province, with the remainder each year being sent to the central government in Damascus. As the central power of the Umayyad rulers waned in the later years of the dynasty, some governors neglected to send the extra tax revenue to Damascus and created great personal fortunes.

Q1: Who appointed the governors in the Umayyad empire?
A1: khalifah
Q2: Where was the government of the Umayyads based?
A2: Damascus
Q3: Along with army leaders, police and civil administration, what did the governor control in his province?
A3: religious officials
Title: Solar_energy
Topic: Natural sciences

Geography effects solar energy potential because areas that are closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation. However, the use of photovoltaics that can follow the position of the sun can significantly increase the solar energy potential in areas that are farther from the equator. Time variation effects the potential of solar energy because during the nighttime there is little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth for solar panels to absorb. This limits the amount of energy that solar panels can absorb in one day. Cloud cover can effect the potential of solar panels because clouds block incoming light from the sun and reduce the light available for solar cells.

Q1: Why does geography have an effect of the amount of solar energy available?
A1: areas that are closer to the equator have a greater amount of solar radiation
Q2: What is the process called that can increase solar energy in areas further away from the earth's equator?
A2: photovoltaics
Q3: Why does time have an effect of the amount of available solar energy?
A3: during the nighttime there is little solar radiation on the surface of the Earth for solar panels to absorb
Q4: What effect does cloud coverage have on the amount of solar energy available?
A4: clouds block incoming light from the sun and reduce the light available for solar cells
Title: Plymouth
Topic: History

Geologically, Plymouth has a mixture of limestone, Devonian slate, granite and Middle Devonian limestone. Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs is a Site of Special Scientific Interest, because of its geology. The bulk of the city is built upon Upper Devonian slates and shales and the headlands at the entrance to Plymouth Sound are formed of Lower Devonian slates, which can withstand the power of the sea.

Q1: What special designation does Plymouth Sound, Shores and Cliffs possess?
A1: Site of Special Scientific Interest
Q2: What stones form the headlands near Plymouth Sound?
A2: Lower Devonian slates
Q3: Along with Devonian slate, Middle Devonian limestone and limestone, what stone provides the geologic base of Plymouth?
A3: granite
Q4: Along with shales, what is most of the city built on?
A4: Upper Devonian slates
Q5: For what reason is Plymouth Sound a Site of Special Scientific Interest?
A5: its geology
Title: Antarctica
Topic: Natural sciences

Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.

Q1: To what mountainous area is Antarctica geologically similar?
A1: Andes
Q2: An uplift of what formed Antarctica?
A2: sea bed sediments
Q3: Starting from the late Paleozoic era, when did Antarctica finish forming?
A3: early Mesozoic
Q4: What are the most often found rocks in Antarctica?
A4: andesite and rhyolite
Q5: What type of geologic activity occurred even after the formation of the ice sheets?
A5: volcanic
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

Geology did not undergo systematic restructuring during the Scientific Revolution, but individual theorists made important contributions. Robert Hooke, for example, formulated a theory of earthquakes, and Nicholas Steno developed the theory of superposition and argued that fossils were the remains of once-living creatures. Beginning with Thomas Burnet's Sacred Theory of the Earth in 1681, natural philosophers began to explore the idea that the Earth had changed over time. Burnet and his contemporaries interpreted Earth's past in terms of events described in the Bible, but their work laid the intellectual foundations for secular interpretations of Earth history.

Q1: What happened to geology during the Scientific Revolution?
A1: individual theorists made important contributions
Q2: What did Robert Hooke study?
A2: earthquakes
Q3: What theory did Nicholas Steno discover?
A3: the theory of superposition
Q4: What book did Thomas Burnet right in 1681?
A4: Sacred Theory of the Earth
Q5: What text did Burnet base his work off of?
A5: the Bible
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

Geology existed as a cloud of isolated, disconnected ideas about rocks, minerals, and landforms long before it became a coherent science. Theophrastus' work on rocks, Peri lithōn, remained authoritative for millennia: its interpretation of fossils was not overturned until after the Scientific Revolution. Chinese polymath Shen Kua (1031–1095) first formulated hypotheses for the process of land formation. Based on his observation of fossils in a geological stratum in a mountain hundreds of miles from the ocean, he deduced that the land was formed by erosion of the mountains and by deposition of silt.

Q1: What was the work of Theophrastus on rocks called?
A1: Peri lithōn
Q2: When were Theophrastus' ideas about fossils proven false?
A2: the Scientific Revolution
Q3: When did Shen Kua live?
A3: 1031–1095
Q4: What science did Shen Kua observe?
A4: land formation
Title: Department_store
Topic: Social sciences and society

George Dayton had founded his Dayton's Dry Goods store in Minneapolis in 1902 and the AMC cooperative in 1912. His descendants built Southdale Center in 1956, opened the Target discount store chain in 1962 and the B. Dalton Bookseller chain in 1966. Dayton's grew to 19 stores under the Dayton's name plus five other regional names acquired by Dayton-Hudson. The Dayton-Hudson Corporation closed the flagship J. L. Hudson Department Store in downtown Detroit in 1983, but expanded its other retail operations. It acquired Mervyn's in 1978, Marshall Field's in 1990, and renamed itself the Target Corporation in 2000. In 2002, Dayton's and Hudson's were consolidated into the Marshall Field's name. In 2005, May Department Stores acquired all of the Marshall Field's stores and shortly thereafter, Macy's acquired May.

Q1: Who opened Dayton's Dry Goods?
A1: George Dayton
Q2: In what year was Dayton's Dry Goods established? 
A2: 1902
Q3: When was the Southdale Center opened? 
A3: 1956
Q4: What store did the Dayton-Hudson Corporation purchase in 1978?
A4: Mervyn's
Title: Mammal
Topic: Natural sciences

George Gaylord Simpson's "Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals" (AMNH Bulletin v. 85, 1945) was the original source for the taxonomy listed here. Simpson laid out a systematics of mammal origins and relationships that was universally taught until the end of the 20th century. Since Simpson's classification, the paleontological record has been recalibrated, and the intervening years have seen much debate and progress concerning the theoretical underpinnings of systematization itself, partly through the new concept of cladistics. Though field work gradually made Simpson's classification outdated, it remained the closest thing to an official classification of mammals.

Q1: Who wrote the "Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals?
A1: George Gaylord Simpson
Q2: Simpson laid the systematics of mammal origins and was taught universally up until the end of what century?
A2: 20th
Q3: Which new concept has greatly taken over Simpsons much debated theoretical systematization?
A3: cladistics
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame
Topic: Geography and places

George Gipp was the school's legendary football player during 1916–20. He played semiprofessional baseball and smoked, drank, and gambled when not playing sports. He was also humble, generous to the needy, and a man of integrity. It was in 1928 that famed coach Knute Rockne used his final conversation with the dying Gipp to inspire the Notre Dame team to beat the Army team and "win one for the Gipper." The 1940 film, Knute Rockne, All American, starred Pat O'Brien as Knute Rockne and Ronald Reagan as Gipp. Today the team competes in Notre Dame Stadium, an 80,795-seat stadium on campus. The current head coach is Brian Kelly, hired from the University of Cincinnati on December 11, 2009. Kelly's record in midway through his sixth season at Notre Dame is 52–21. In 2012, Kelly's Fighting Irish squad went undefeated and played in the BCS National Championship Game. Kelly succeeded Charlie Weis, who was fired in November 2009 after five seasons. Although Weis led his team to two Bowl Championship Series bowl games, his overall record was 35–27, mediocre by Notre Dame standards, and the 2007 team had the most losses in school history. The football team generates enough revenue to operate independently while $22.1 million is retained from the team's profits for academic use. Forbes named the team as the most valuable in college football, worth a total of $101 million in 2007.

Q1: What notable football player played at Notre Dame from 1916 to 1920?
A1: George Gipp
Q2: Against which opponent did Knute Rockne tell his team to "win one for the Gipper?"
A2: the Army team
Q3: Which person portrayed Knute Rockne in the 1940 movie "Knute Rockne?"
A3: Pat O'Brien
Q4: Ronald Reagan played the role of whom in 1940's "Knute Rockne?"
A4: Gipp
Q5: How many seats are in Notre Dame Stadium?
A5: 80,795
Title: Avicenna
Topic: Language and literature

George Sarton, the author of The History of Science, described Ibn Sīnā as "one of the greatest thinkers and medical scholars in history" and called him "the most famous scientist of Islam and one of the most famous of all races, places, and times." He was one of the Islamic world's leading writers in the field of medicine. Along with Rhazes, Abulcasis, Ibn al-Nafis, and al-Ibadi, Ibn Sīnā is considered an important compiler of early Muslim medicine. He is remembered in the Western history of medicine as a major historical figure who made important contributions to medicine and the European Renaissance. His medical texts were unusual in that where controversy existed between Galen and Aristotle's views on medical matters (such as anatomy), he preferred to side with Aristotle, where necessary updating Aristotle's position to take into account post-Aristotelian advances in anatomical knowledge. Aristotle's dominant intellectual influence among medieval European scholars meant that Avicenna's linking of Galen's medical writings with Aristotle's philosophical writings in the Canon of Medicine (along with its comprehensive and logical organisation of knowledge) significantly increased Avicenna's importance in medieval Europe in comparison to other Islamic writers on medicine. His influence following translation of the Canon was such that from the early fourteenth to the mid-sixteenth centuries he was ranked with Hippocrates and Galen as one of the acknowledged authorities, princeps medicorum ("prince of physicians").

Q1: Who said that Ibn Sina was one of the greatest thinkers?
A1: George Sarton
Q2: What did George Sarton write?
A2: The History of Science
Q3: Ibn Sina was described as the most famous scientist in what religion?
A3: Islam
Q4: Who is another leading Islamic figure in medicine?
A4: Abulcasis
Q5: During what centuries was Ibn Sina ranked among such medical greats as Hippocrates?
A5: early fourteenth to the mid-sixteenth centuries
Title: George_VI
Topic: History

George VI's coronation took place on 12 May 1937, the date previously intended for Edward's coronation. In a break with tradition, Queen Mary attended the ceremony in a show of support for her son. There was no Durbar held in Delhi for George VI, as had occurred for his father, as the cost would have been a burden to the government of India. Rising Indian nationalism made the welcome that the royal couple would have received likely to be muted at best, and a prolonged absence from Britain would have been undesirable in the tense period before the Second World War. Two overseas tours were undertaken, to France and to North America, both of which promised greater strategic advantages in the event of war.

Q1: What day did George VI become coronated?
A1: 12 May 1937
Q2: Who attended the coronation that was a break from tradition?
A2: Queen Mary
Q3: How many overseas tours happened after the coronation to France and North America?
A3: Two
Q4: In which city are Durbars usually held?
A4: Delhi
Title: George_VI
Topic: History

George VI's reign saw the acceleration of the dissolution of the British Empire. The Statute of Westminster 1931 had already acknowledged the evolution of the Dominions into separate sovereign states. The process of transformation from an empire to a voluntary association of independent states, known as the Commonwealth, gathered pace after the Second World War. During the ministry of Clement Attlee, British India became the two independent dominions of India and Pakistan in 1947. George relinquished the title of Emperor of India, and became King of India and King of Pakistan instead. In 1950 he ceased to be King of India when it became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations, but he remained King of Pakistan until his death and India recognised his new title of Head of the Commonwealth. Other countries left the Commonwealth, such as Burma in January 1948, Palestine (divided between Israel and the Arab states) in May 1948 and the Republic of Ireland in 1949.

Q1: What is the association of independent states in Britain called?
A1: the Commonwealth
Q2: What two dominions did British India become?
A2: India and Pakistan
Q3: What country left the Commonwealth in January 1948?
A3: Burma
Q4: What year was the Republic of Ireland formed?
A4: 1949
Title: Georgian_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

Georgian architecture is characterized by its proportion and balance; simple mathematical ratios were used to determine the height of a window in relation to its width or the shape of a room as a double cube. Regularity, as with ashlar (uniformly cut) stonework, was strongly approved, imbuing symmetry and adherence to classical rules: the lack of symmetry, where Georgian additions were added to earlier structures remaining visible, was deeply felt as a flaw, at least before Nash began to introduce it in a variety of styles. Regularity of housefronts along a street was a desirable feature of Georgian town planning. Until the start of the Gothic Revival in the early 19th century, Georgian designs usually lay within the Classical orders of architecture and employed a decorative vocabulary derived from ancient Rome or Greece.

Q1: Georgian architecture is characterized by?
A1: its proportion and balance
Q2: What was a desirable feature of Georgian town planning?
A2: Regularity of housefronts
Q3: What decorative vocabulary did Georgian designs draw from?
A3: ancient Rome or Greece
Q4: What was considered a deep flaw of Georgian architecture?
A4: lack of symmetry
Title: Georgian_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1714 and 1830. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover—George I, George II, George III, and George IV—who reigned in continuous succession from August 1714 to June 1830. The style was revived in the late 19th century in the United States as Colonial Revival architecture and in the early 20th century in Great Britain as Neo-Georgian architecture; in both it is also called Georgian Revival architecture. In America the term "Georgian" is generally used to describe all building from the period, regardless of style; in Britain it is generally restricted to buildings that are "architectural in intention", and have stylistic characteristics that are typical of the period, though that covers a wide range.

Q1: Who were the British monarchs of the House of Hanover from August 1714 to June 1830?
A1: George I, George II, George III, and George IV
Q2: What was the 19th century revival of Georgian architecture in the United States referred to as?
A2: Colonial Revival
Q3: Between what years was Georgian architecture in style?
A3: between 1714 and 1830
Q4: What was the name given to the 20th century Great British revival Georgian architecture.
A4: Neo-Georgian
Q5: What was the name of the house of the monarchs in power from 1714 and 1830?
A5: House of Hanover
Title: Georgian_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

Georgian architecture was widely disseminated in the English colonies during the Georgian era. American buildings of the Georgian period were very often constructed of wood with clapboards; even columns were made of timber, framed up, and turned on an over-sized lathe. At the start of the period the difficulties of obtaining and transporting brick or stone made them a common alternative only in the larger cities, or where they were obtainable locally. Dartmouth College, Harvard University, and the College of William and Mary, offer leading examples of Georgian architecture in the Americas.

Q1: American buildings in the Georgian period were frequently constructed of which materials?
A1: wood with clapboards
Q2: What was difficult to obtain and transport during the Georgian period?
A2: brick or stone
Q3: Which colleges are considered examples of Georgian architecture in America?
A3: Dartmouth College, Harvard University, and the College of William and Mary
Title: Georgian_architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

Georgian succeeded the English Baroque of Sir Christopher Wren, Sir John Vanbrugh, Thomas Archer, William Talman, and Nicholas Hawksmoor; this in fact continued into at least the 1720s, overlapping with a more restrained Georgian style. The architect James Gibbs was a transitional figure, his earlier buildings are Baroque, reflecting the time he spent in Rome in the early 18th century, but he adjusted his style after 1720. Major architects to promote the change in direction from baroque were Colen Campbell, author of the influential book Vitruvius Britannicus (1715-1725); Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington and his protégé William Kent; Isaac Ware; Henry Flitcroft and the Venetian Giacomo Leoni, who spent most of his career in England. Other prominent architects of the early Georgian period include James Paine, Robert Taylor, and John Wood, the Elder. The European Grand Tour became very common for wealthy patrons in the period, and Italian influence remained dominant, though at the start of the period Hanover Square, Westminster (1713 on), developed and occupied by Whig supporters of the new dynasty, seems to have deliberately adopted German stylisic elements in their honour, especially vertical bands connecting the windows.

Q1: What style did Georgian succeed?
A1: English Baroque
Q2: Which architect was a transitional figure?
A2: James Gibbs
Q3: Which book did Colen Campbell write?
A3: Vitruvius Britannicus
Q4: What became very popular with wealthy patrons during this period?
A4: The European Grand Tour
Q5: What Venetian spent most of his career in England?
A5: Giacomo Leoni
Title: Renewable_energy_commercialization
Topic: Engineering and technology

Geothermal power capacity grew from around 1 GW in 1975 to almost 10 GW in 2008. The United States is the world leader in terms of installed capacity, representing 3.1 GW. Other countries with significant installed capacity include the Philippines (1.9 GW), Indonesia (1.2 GW), Mexico (1.0 GW), Italy (0.8 GW), Iceland (0.6 GW), Japan (0.5 GW), and New Zealand (0.5 GW). In some countries, geothermal power accounts for a significant share of the total electricity supply, such as in the Philippines, where geothermal represented 17 percent of the total power mix at the end of 2008.

Q1: What was the geothermal capacity in 1975?
A1: 1 GW
Q2: What was the geothermal capacity in 2008?
A2: 10 GW
Q3: In the Phillipines, geothermal represented what percentage of the total power mix at the end of 2008?
A3: 17 percent
Title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives
Topic: History

Gephardt added that "inclusion and empowerment of the people on the line have to be done to get the best performance" from the minority party. Other techniques for fostering party harmony include the appointment of task forces composed of partisan colleagues with conflicting views to reach consensus on issues; the creation of new leadership positions as a way to reach out and involve a greater diversity of partisans in the leadership structure; and daily meetings in the Leader's office (or at breakfast, lunch, or dinner) to lay out floor strategy or political objectives for the minority party.

Q1: What is a good technique to foster party harmony?
A1: appointment of task forces
Q2: What colleagues are best to work with to reach a consensus?
A2: partisan colleagues with conflicting views
Q3: What does the creation of leadership positions allow for?
A3: way to reach out and involve a greater diversity of partisans in the leadership structure
Title: Anti-aircraft_warfare
Topic: Warfare

German air attacks on the British Isles increased in 1915 and the AA efforts were deemed somewhat ineffective, so a Royal Navy gunnery expert, Admiral Sir Percy Scott, was appointed to make improvements, particularly an integrated AA defence for London. The air defences were expanded with more RNVR AA guns, 75 mm and 3-inch, the pom-poms being ineffective. The naval 3-inch was also adopted by the army, the QF 3 inch 20 cwt (76 mm), a new field mounting was introduced in 1916. Since most attacks were at night, searchlights were soon used, and acoustic methods of detection and locating were developed. By December 1916 there were 183 AA Sections defending Britain (most with the 3-inch), 74 with the BEF in France and 10 in the Middle East.

Q1: Air attacks headed by  Germany increased in 1915 in what area?
A1: the British Isles
Q2: Who was tasked with the job to make improvements to the AA as a result of the German attacks?
A2: Royal Navy gunnery expert, Admiral Sir Percy Scott
Q3: What was used because of night attacks?
A3: searchlights
Q4: How many AA Sections were defending Britain by December 1916?
A4: 183
Q5: How many AA Sections were with the BEF in France during the same time?
A5: 74
Title: The_Blitz
Topic: History

German air supremacy at night was also now under threat. British night-fighter operations out over the Channel were proving highly successful. This was not immediately apparent. The Bristol Blenheim F.1 was undergunned, with just four .303 in (7.7 mm) machine guns which struggled to down the Do 17, Ju 88, or Heinkel He 111. Moreover, the Blenheim struggled to reach the speed of the German bombers. Added to the fact an interception relied on visual sighting, a kill was most elusive even in the conditions of a moonlit sky.

Q1: How was the British night fighter operations faring?
A1: were proving highly successful.
Q2: How did the Bristol Blenheim F.1 perform against German aircraft?
A2: was undergunned, with just four .303 in (7.7 mm) machine guns
Q3: How did the Bristol Blenheim F.1 compare to German aircraft speed?
A3: struggled to reach the speed of the German bombers
Q4: What did interception rely upon?
A4: visual sighting
Title: The_Blitz
Topic: History

German beacons operated on the medium-frequency band and the signals involved a two-letter Morse identifier followed by a lengthy time-lapse which enabled the Luftwaffe crews to determine the signal's bearing. The Meacon system involved separate locations for a receiver with a directional aerial and a transmitter. The receipt of the German signal by the receiver was duly passed to the transmitter, the signal to be repeated. The action did not guarantee automatic success. If the German bomber flew closer to its own beam than the Meacon then the former signal would come through the stronger on the direction finder. The reverse would apply only if the meacon were closer.

Q1: The German beacons used what frequency band?
A1: medium
Q2: What two letter identifier did the signal have?
A2: Morse
Q3: What system used a separate locations for a receiver and a directional aerial?
A3: Meacon
Q4: When a German bomber flew to close to its own beam what happened to the signal?
A4: stronger on the direction finder
Title: Germans
Topic: Language and literature

German cinema dates back to the very early years of the medium with the work of Max Skladanowsky. It was particularly influential during the years of the Weimar Republic with German expressionists such as Robert Wiene and Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau. The Nazi era produced mostly propaganda films although the work of Leni Riefenstahl still introduced new aesthetics in film. From the 1960s, New German Cinema directors such as Volker Schlöndorff, Werner Herzog, Wim Wenders, Rainer Werner Fassbinder placed West-German cinema back onto the international stage with their often provocative films, while the Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft controlled film production in the GDR.

Q1: Who was the original German cinematic?
A1: Max Skladanowsky
Q2: What types of film were produced in the Nazi era?
A2: propaganda
Q3: Who controls film production in the GDR?
A3: Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft
Q4: When did German cinema come back internationally?
A4: 1960s
Title: Age_of_Enlightenment
Topic: Philosophy and religion

German historian Reinhart Koselleck claimed that "On the Continent there were two social structures that left a decisive imprint on the Age of Enlightenment: the Republic of Letters and the Masonic lodges." Scottish professor Thomas Munck argues that "although the Masons did promote international and cross-social contacts which were essentially non-religious and broadly in agreement with enlightened values, they can hardly be described as a major radical or reformist network in their own right." Many of the Masons values seemed to greatly appeal to Enlightenment values and thinkers. Diderot discusses the link between Freemason ideals and the enlightenment in D'Alembert's Dream, exploring masonry as a way of spreading enlightenment beliefs. Historian Margaret Jacob stresses the importance of the Masons in indirectly inspiring enlightened political thought. On the negative side, Daniel Roche contests claims that Masonry promoted egalitarianism. He argues that the lodges only attracted men of similar social backgrounds. The presence of noble women in the French "lodges of adoption" that formed in the 1780s was largely due to the close ties shared between these lodges and aristocratic society.

Q1: According to German historian Reinhart Koselleck, which two social structures left a decisive imprint on the Age of Enlightenment?
A1: the Republic of Letters and the Masonic lodges
Q2: Which Scottish professor believes that Masons were not a major radical or reformist network in their own right?
A2: Thomas Munck
Q3: Historian Margaret Jacob stresses the importance of the Masons in indirectly inspriting what type of thinking?
A3: political thought
Q4: Daniel Roche claims that Masonry promoted what idea by only attracting men of similar social background?
A4: egalitarianism
Q5: The presence of whom in the French "lodges of adoption" formed in the 1780s was die to the close ties shared with aristocratic society?
A5: noble women
Title: Oklahoma
Topic: Geography and places

German is the fourth most commonly used language, with 13,444 speakers representing about 0.4% of the total state population. Fifth is Vietnamese, spoken by 11,330 people, or about 0.4% of the population, many of whom live in the Asia District of Oklahoma City. Other languages include French with 8,258 speakers (0.3%), Chinese with 6,413 (0.2%), Korean with 3,948 (0.1%), Arabic with 3,265 (0.1%), other Asian languages with 3,134 (0.1%), Tagalog with 2,888 (0.1%), Japanese with 2,546 (0.1%), and African languages with 2,546 (0.1%). In addition to Cherokee, more than 25 Native American languages are spoken in Oklahoma, second only to California (though, it should be noted that only Cherokee exhibits language vitality at present).

Q1: What is Oklahoma's fourth most popular language?
A1: German
Q2: How many Oklahomans speak German?
A2: 13,444
Q3: What is Oklahoma's fifth most popular language?
A3: Vietnamese
Q4: How many Oklahomans speak Vietnamese?
A4: 11,330
Q5: How many Native American languages are used in Oklahoma?
A5: more than 25
Title: Germans
Topic: Language and literature

German philosophers have helped shape western philosophy from as early as the Middle Ages (Albertus Magnus). Later, Leibniz (17th century) and most importantly Kant played central roles in the history of philosophy. Kantianism inspired the work of Schopenhauer and Nietzsche as well as German idealism defended by Fichte and Hegel. Engels helped develop communist theory in the second half of the 19th century while Heidegger and Gadamer pursued the tradition of German philosophy in the 20th century. A number of German intellectuals were also influential in sociology, most notably Adorno, Habermas, Horkheimer, Luhmann, Simmel, Tönnies, and Weber. The University of Berlin founded in 1810 by linguist and philosopher Wilhelm von Humboldt served as an influential model for a number of modern western universities.

Q1: Who is a German philosopher from the middle ages?
A1: Albertus Magnus
Q2: When was Leibniz an active philosopher?
A2: 17th century
Q3: What German philosopher inspired Schopenhauer and Nietzsche?
A3: Kant
Q4: In the late 19th century, which German philosopher helped develop the idea of communism?
A4: Engels
Q5: When was the University of Berlin founded?
A5: 1810
Title: Gramophone_record
Topic: Music

German record company Odeon is often said to have pioneered the album in 1909 when it released the Nutcracker Suite by Tchaikovsky on 4 double-sided discs in a specially designed package. (It is not indicated what size the records are.) However, Deutsche Grammophon had produced an album for its complete recording of the opera Carmen in the previous year. The practice of issuing albums does not seem to have been widely taken up by other record companies for many years; however, HMV provided an album, with a pictorial cover, for the 1917 recording of The Mikado (Gilbert & Sullivan).

Q1: What was unique about Odeon's 1909 release of the Nutcracker Suite?
A1: 4 double-sided discs in a specially designed package
Q2: What was one of the first releases with a photo on the cover?
A2: The Mikado (Gilbert & Sullivan)
Q3: When were albums said to be pioneered?
A3: 1909
Q4: What was one of the very first albums released?
A4: Nutcracker Suite by Tchaikovsky
Title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact
Topic: History

Germany and the Soviet Union entered an intricate trade pact on February 11, 1940, that was over four times larger than the one the two countries had signed in August 1939. The trade pact helped Germany to surmount a British blockade of Germany. In the first year, Germany received one million tons of cereals, half a million tons of wheat, 900,000 tons of oil, 100,000 tons of cotton, 500,000 tons of phosphates and considerable amounts of other vital raw materials, along with the transit of one million tons of soybeans from Manchuria.[citation needed] These and other supplies were being transported through Soviet and occupied Polish territories. The Soviets were to receive a naval cruiser, the plans to the battleship Bismarck, heavy naval guns, other naval gear and thirty of Germany's latest warplanes, including the Me-109 and Me-110 fighters and Ju-88 bomber. The Soviets would also receive oil and electric equipment, locomotives, turbines, generators, diesel engines, ships, machine tools and samples of German artillery, tanks, explosives, chemical-warfare equipment and other items.

Q1: How much more expansive was the newest trade agreement?
A1: was over four times larger
Q2: What was the trade route between german and the soviet union?
A2: occupied Polish territories
Q3: Where were the soybeans coming from?
A3: Manchuria
Q4:  What famous ship was the soviet union getting the plans for?
A4: the battleship Bismarck
Q5: How many new airplanes were the soviets getting in this agreement?
A5: thirty
Title: Comprehensive_school
Topic: Social sciences and society

Germany has a comprehensive school known as the Gesamtschule. While some German schools such as the Gymnasium and the Realschule have rather strict entrance requirements, the Gesamtschule does not have such requirements. They offer college preparatory classes for the students who are doing well, general education classes for average students, and remedial courses for those who aren't doing that well. In most cases students attending a Gesamtschule may graduate with the Hauptschulabschluss, the Realschulabschluss or the Abitur depending on how well they did in school.

Q1: What type of school is the Gesamtschule?
A1: comprehensive
Q2: What kinds of courses are offered to students who are not experiencing academic success?
A2: remedial
Q3: What are the different kinds of certificates that Gesamtschule students can earn?
A3: the Hauptschulabschluss, the Realschulabschluss or the Abitur
Title: States_of_Germany
Topic: Geography and places

Germany is a federal republic consisting of sixteen federal states (German: Bundesland, or Land).[a] Since today's Germany was formed from an earlier collection of several states, it has a federal constitution, and the constituent states retain a measure of sovereignty. With an emphasis on geographical conditions, Berlin and Hamburg are frequently called Stadtstaaten (city-states), as is the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, which in fact includes the cities of Bremen and Bremerhaven. The remaining 13 states are called Flächenländer (literally: area states).

Q1: How many states are in Germany?
A1: sixteen
Q2: What is the German terms for states?
A2: Bundesland, or Land
Q3: Which cities are called Stadtstaaten, other than Bremen?
A3: Berlin and Hamburg
Q4: How many states are called "Flächenländer"?
A4: 13
Q5: The Free Hanseatic City of Bremen includes which cities?
A5: Bremen and Bremerhaven
Title: Anti-aircraft_warfare
Topic: Warfare

Germany's high-altitude needs were originally going to be filled by a 75 mm gun from Krupp, designed in collaboration with their Swedish counterpart Bofors, but the specifications were later amended to require much higher performance. In response Krupp's engineers presented a new 88 mm design, the FlaK 36. First used in Spain during the Spanish Civil War, the gun proved to be one of the best anti-aircraft guns in the world, as well as particularly deadly against light, medium, and even early heavy tanks.

Q1: High altitude needs in Germany were going to be handled by what?
A1: a 75 mm gun from Krupp
Q2: Who also collaborated in the design of the 75 mm gun?
A2: Bofors
Q3: Because higher performance was needed, Krupp's workers designed what?
A3: a new 88 mm design, the FlaK 36
Q4: Where was the first place the FlaK 36 was used?
A4: Spain
Q5: What war was the FlaK first used in?
A5: Spanish Civil War
Title: Israel
Topic: History

Germany's strong ties with Israel include cooperation on scientific and educational endeavors and the two states remain strong economic and military partners. Under the reparations agreement, by 2007[update] Germany had paid 25 billion euros in reparations to the Israeli state and individual Israeli Holocaust survivors. The UK has kept full diplomatic relations with Israel since its formation having had two visits from heads of state in 2007. The UK is seen as having a "natural" relationship with Israel on account of the British Mandate for Palestine. Relations between the two countries were also made stronger by former prime minister Tony Blair's efforts for a two state resolution. Israel is included in the European Union's European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), which aims at bringing the EU and its neighbours closer.

Q1: How much did Germany pay in reparations to the Israeli state?
A1: 25 billion euros
Q2: What prime minister helped relations?
A2: Tony Blair
Q3: What aims at bringing EU and its neighbours closer?
A3: European Neighbourhood Policy
Title: Comprehensive_school
Topic: Social sciences and society

Gesamtschulen might put bright working class students at risk according to several studies. It could be shown that an achievement gap opens between working class students attending a comprehensive and their middle class peers. Also working class students attending a Gymnasium or a Realschule outperform students from similar backgrounds attending a comprehensive. However it is not students attending a comprehensive, but students attending a Hauptschule, who perform the poorest.

Q1: Who could be made vulnerable by the Gasemtschulen?
A1: bright working class students
Q2: From what group does an achievement gap separate working class students at comprehensive schools?
A2: middle class peers
Q3: At which school do students achieve the least success?
A3: Hauptschule
Title: Space_Race
Topic: History

Gherman Titov became the first Soviet cosmonaut to exercise manual control of his Vostok 2 craft on August 6, 1961. The Soviet Union demonstrated 24-hour launch pad turnaround and the capability to launch two piloted spacecraft, Vostok 3 and Vostok 4, in essentially identical orbits, on August 11 and 12, 1962. The two spacecraft came within approximately 6.5 kilometers (4.0 mi) of one another, close enough for radio communication. Vostok 4 also set a record of nearly four days in space. Though the two craft's orbits were as nearly identical as possible given the accuracy of the launch rocket's guidance system, slight variations still existed which drew the two craft at first as close to each other as 6.5 kilometers (3.5 nautical miles), then as far apart as 2,850 kilometers (1,540 nautical miles). There were no maneuvering rockets on the Vostok to permit space rendezvous, required to keep two spacecraft a controlled distance apart.

Q1: What first person from the USSR controlled their own spacecraft?
A1: Gherman Titov
Q2: Gherman Titov from the USSR drove his own spacecraft on what date?
A2: August 6, 1961
Q3: Radio communication was possible between which two spacecrafts in August 11 and 12, 1962?
A3: Vostok 3 and Vostok 4
Title: Comprehensive_school
Topic: Social sciences and society

Gibraltar opened its first comprehensive school in 1972. Between the ages of 12 and 16 two comprehensive schools cater for girls and boys separately. Students may also continue into the sixth form to complete their A-levels.

Q1: When was the first comprehensive school opened in Gibraltar?
A1: 1972
Q2: Where can students go after finishing comprehensive school in Gibraltar?
A2: sixth form
Q3: What examinations do students prepare for in the sixth form?
A3: A-levels
Title: Pope_Paul_VI
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Giovanni Battista Montini was born in the village of Concesio, in the province of Brescia, Lombardy in 1897. His father Giorgio Montini was a lawyer, journalist, director of the Catholic Action and member of the Italian Parliament. His mother was Giudetta Alghisi, from a family of rural nobility. He had two brothers, Francesco Montini, who became a physician, and Lodovico Montini, who became a lawyer and politician. On 30 September 1897, he was baptized in the name of Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini. He attended Cesare Arici, a school run by the Jesuits, and in 1916, he received a diploma from Arnaldo da Brescia, a public school in Brescia. His education was often interrupted by bouts of illness.

Q1: In what Italian province was Giovanni Battista Montini born?
A1: Brescia, Lombardy
Q2: In what Italian village was Giovanni Battista Montini born?
A2: Concesio
Q3: What political organization was Giovanni's father a member of?
A3: Italian Parliament
Q4: How many brothers did Giovanni have?
A4: two
Q5: What was Giovanni's mother descended from?
A5: rural nobility
Title: Diarrhea
Topic: Natural sciences

Given that water contamination is a major means of transmitting diarrheal disease, efforts to provide clean water supply and improved sanitation have the potential to dramatically cut the rate of disease incidence. In fact, it has been proposed that we might expect an 88% reduction in child mortality resulting from diarrheal disease as a result of improved water sanitation and hygiene. Similarly, a meta-analysis of numerous studies on improving water supply and sanitation shows a 22–27% reduction in disease incidence, and a 21–30% reduction in mortality rate associated with diarrheal disease.

Q1: What is a major means of the spread of diarrhea disease?
A1: water contamination
Q2: What has cut the rate of diarrhea disease incidents? 
A2: clean water supply and improved sanitation
Q3: What would be the reduction in deisease incedence if there was better water and sanitation?
A3: 22–27% reduction in disease incidence
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Given the potential consequences, engaging in sexual behavior is somewhat risky, particularly for adolescents. Having unprotected sex, using poor birth control methods (e.g. withdrawal), having multiple sexual partners, and poor communication are some aspects of sexual behavior that increase individual and/or social risk. Some qualities of adolescents' lives that are often correlated with risky sexual behavior include higher rates of experienced abuse, lower rates of parental support and monitoring. Adolescence is also commonly a time of questioning sexuality and gender. This may involve intimate experimentation with people identifying as the same gender as well as with people of differing genders. Such exploratory sexual behavior can be seen as similar to other aspects of identity, including the exploration of vocational, social, and leisure identity, all of which involve some risk.

Q1: What is an example of a poor birth control method?
A1: withdrawal
Q2: Are higher or lower levels of parental support associated with risky sexual behavior?
A2: lower
Q3: Is exploratory sexual behavior seen as similar or seperate to other aspects of identity?
A3: similar
Q4: Does having unprotected sex, multiple sexual partners, and poor communication increase or decrease individual and social risk?
A4: increase
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

Given the wide range of styles in classical music, from Medieval plainchant sung by monks to Classical and Romantic symphonies for orchestra from the 1700s and 1800s to avant-garde atonal compositions for solo piano from the 1900s, it is difficult to list characteristics that can be attributed to all works of that type. However, there are characteristics that classical music contains that few or no other genres of music contain, such as the use of a printed score and the performance of very complex instrumental works (e.g., the fugue). As well, although the symphony did not exist through the entire classical music period, from the mid-1700s to the 2000s the symphony ensemble—and the works written for it—have become a defining feature of classical music.

Q1: Who sang Medieval plainchant?
A1: monks
Q2: Avant-garde atonal compositions were written for what instrument?
A2: solo piano
Q3: What two characteristics of classical music can not be attributed to other genres?
A3: use of a printed score and the performance of very complex instrumental works
Q4: Through what period did the symphony not exist?
A4: the entire classical music period
Q5: What has become a defining feature of classical music?
A5: the symphony ensemble
Q6: What did not exist through the entire classical music period?
A6: the symphony
Q7: The use of a printed score and the performance of very complex instrumental works are characteristics of what?
A7: classical music
Q8: Who sang medieval plainchant?
A8: monks