LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Time
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on twelve lunar months. Lunisolar calendars have a thirteenth month added to some years to make up for the difference between a full year (now known to be about 365.24 days) and a year of just twelve lunar months. The numbers twelve and thirteen came to feature prominently in many cultures, at least partly due to this relationship of months to years. Other early forms of calendars originated in Mesoamerica, particularly in ancient Mayan civilization. These calendars were religiously and astronomically based, with 18 months in a year and 20 days in a month.

Q1: Artifacts from which era suggest that the moon was used to reckon time around 6,000 years ago?
A1: the Paleolithic
Q2: Which calendars were among the first to appear?
A2: Lunar calendars
Q3: How long were the original lunar calendars?
A3: either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days)
Q4: Where did some of the other early forms of calendars originate?
A4: Mesoamerica
Q5: How many months were in a year in the original Mayan calendars?
A5: 18
Title: Adult_contemporary_music
Topic: Music

Artists contributing to this format include mainly soft rock/pop singers such as, Andy Williams, Johnny Mathis, Nana Mouskouri, Celine Dion, Julio Iglesias, Frank Sinatra, Barry Manilow, Engelbert Humperdinck, and Marc Anthony.

Q1: Along with Andy Williams, Johnny Mathis, Nana Mouskouri, Celine Dion, Julio Iglesias, Barry Manilow, Engelbert Humperdinck, and Marc Anthony, what notable artist is featured on the soft AC format?
A1: Frank Sinatra
Title: Post-punk
Topic: Music

Artists such as Gary Numan, the Human League, Soft Cell, John Foxx and Visage helped pioneer a new synthpop style that drew more heavily from electronic and synthesizer music and benefited from the rise of MTV. Post-punk artists such as Scritti Politti's Green Gartside and Josef K's Paul Haig, previously engaged in avant-garde practices, turned away from these approaches and pursued mainstream styles and commercial success. These new developments, in which post-punk artists attempted to bring subversive ideas into the pop mainstream, began to be categorized under the marketing term new pop.

Q1: What style of music was Gary Numan associated with?
A1: synthpop
Q2: What did the synthpop style of music benefit from the gaining popularity of?
A2: MTV
Q3: Synthpop heavily borrowed elements from what type of music?
A3: electronic and synthesizer music
Q4: What type of ideas did post-punk artists attempt to sneak into mainstream pop?
A4: subversive
Q5: What did some post-punk artists reject their previous avant-garde practices to pursue?
A5: commercial success
Q6: What new music style focused on electronic and synthesized sounds?
A6: synthpop
Q7: What really helped to launch synthpop?
A7: MTV
Q8: What else began to emerge as post-punk groups moved to a more commercial focus?
A8: pop
Q9: How did pos-punk give rise to pop?
A9: post-punk artists attempted to bring subversive ideas into the pop mainstream
Title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis
Topic: Geography and places

Arts & Sciences at Washington University comprises three divisions: the College of Arts & Sciences, the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences, and University College in Arts & Sciences. Barbara Schaal is Dean of the Faculty of Arts & Sciences. James E. McLeod was the Vice Chancellor for Students and Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences; according to a University news release he died at the University's Barnes-Jewish Hospital on Tuesday, September 6, 2011 of renal failure as a result of a two-year-long struggle with cancer. Richard J. Smith is Dean of the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences.

Q1: How many divisions make up Arts & Sciences at Washington University?
A1: three divisions
Q2: Who is the Dean of Faculty of Arts & Sciences at Washington University?
A2: Barbara Schaal
Q3: What positions did James Mcleod hold at Washington University?
A3: Vice Chancellor for Students and Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences
Q4: When did James Mcleod pass away?
A4: September 6, 2011
Q5: What position does Richard J. Smith hold at Washington University?
A5: Dean of the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences.
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Topic: Geography and places

Artspace on Orange Street is one of several contemporary art galleries around the city, showcasing the work of local, national, and international artists. Others include City Gallery and A. Leaf Gallery in the downtown area. Westville galleries include Kehler Liddell, Jennifer Jane Gallery, and The Hungry Eye. The Erector Square complex in the Fair Haven neighborhood houses the Parachute Factory gallery along with numerous artist studios, and the complex serves as an active destination during City-Wide Open Studios held yearly in October.

Q1: What is the name of a prominent contemporary art gallery on Orange Street in New Haven?
A1: Artspace
Q2: What are two contemporary art galleries located in downtown New Haven?
A2: City Gallery and A. Leaf Gallery
Q3: In what area of New Haven are Kehler Liddel, Jennider Jane Gallery, and The Hungry Eye Gallery located? 
A3: Westville
Q4: What New Haven gallery is housed in the Erector Square complex located in the Fair Haven neighborhood? 
A4: Parachute Factory
Q5: For what annual New Haven art event, held in early October, is the Erector Square complex used? 
A5: City-Wide Open Studios
Q6: What is the name of the art gallery that hosts multiple artist locally and around the world?
A6: Artspace
Q7: This gallery contains works of artist such as The Hungry Eye, what is name of the place?
A7: Westville galleries
Q8: The Erector Square complex is a gallery that is located where?
A8: Fair Haven neighborhood houses
Q9: During which month is the complex particularly active? 
A9: October
Title: Aircraft_carrier
Topic: Warfare

As "runways at sea", aircraft carriers have a flat-top flight deck, which launches and recovers aircraft. Aircraft launch forward, into the wind, and are recovered from astern. The flight deck is where the most notable differences between a carrier and a land runway are found. Creating such a surface at sea poses constraints on the carrier – for example, the fact that it is a ship means that a full-length runway would be costly to construct and maintain. This affects take-off procedure, as a shorter runway length of the deck requires that aircraft accelerate more quickly to gain lift. This either requires a thrust boost, a vertical component to its velocity, or a reduced take-off load (to lower mass). The differing types of deck configuration, as above, influence the structure of the flight deck. The form of launch assistance a carrier provides is strongly related to the types of aircraft embarked and the design of the carrier itself.

Q1: What are typically regarded as "runways at sea"?
A1: aircraft carriers
Q2: What design feature do aircraft carriers feature to aid in launching and recovering aircraft?
A2: flat-top flight deck
Q3: Where are the most notable differences between a carrier and a land runway found?
A3: The flight deck
Q4: What is a primary reason that ships have shorter runways than land runways have?
A4: a full-length runway would be costly to construct and maintain
Q5: What do aircraft need to do when using shorter runway lengths?
A5: accelerate more quickly to gain lift
Title: Black_people
Topic: Language and literature

As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered many of their citizens the chance to study in Russia. Over a period of 40 years, about 400,000 African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. This extended beyond the Soviet Union to many countries of the Eastern bloc.

Q1: When did African states become independent?
A1: 1960s
Q2: Who offered many Africans a chance to study in their country?
A2: Soviet Union
Q3: How many students moved from Africa to Russia?
A3: about 400,000
Q4: Why did students move to Russia?
A4: to pursue higher studies
Q5: Migration to Russia continued into many countries where?
A5: Eastern bloc.
Title: Ashkenazi_Jews
Topic: History

As Ashkenazi Jews moved away from Europe, mostly in the form of aliyah to Israel, or immigration to North America, and other English-speaking areas; and Europe (particularly France) and Latin America, the geographic isolation that gave rise to Ashkenazim has given way to mixing with other cultures, and with non-Ashkenazi Jews who, similarly, are no longer isolated in distinct geographic locales. Hebrew has replaced Yiddish as the primary Jewish language for many Ashkenazi Jews, although many Hasidic and Hareidi groups continue to use Yiddish in daily life. (There are numerous Ashkenazi Jewish anglophones and Russian-speakers as well, although English and Russian are not originally Jewish languages.)

Q1: Most of the Ashkenazi Jews moved away from Europe either immigrating to North America, or other English speaking areas but most to which place?
A1: Israel
Q2: For most Ashkenazi Jews, Yiddish was replaced with what language?
A2: Hebrew
Q3: What two groups continue to use Yiddish in daily life?
A3: many Hasidic and Hareidi groups
Title: Charleston,_South_Carolina
Topic: Geography and places

As Charles Town grew, so did the community's cultural and social opportunities, especially for the elite merchants and planters. The first theatre building in America was built in 1736 on the site of today's Dock Street Theatre. Benevolent societies were formed by different ethnic groups, from French Huguenots to free people of color to Germans to Jews. The Charles Towne Library Society was established in 1748 by well-born young men who wanted to share the financial cost to keep up with the scientific and philosophical issues of the day. This group also helped establish the College of Charles Towne in 1770, the oldest college in South Carolina. Until its transition to state ownership in 1970, this was the oldest municipally supported college in the United States.

Q1: What is the oldest college in South Carolina?
A1: College of Charles Towne
Q2: Charleston supported the College of Charles Towne until what year?
A2: 1970
Q3: What year was the Charles Towne Library Society established?
A3: 1748
Q4: When was the College of Charles Towe founded?
A4: 1770
Q5: What is located where the first theatre building in Charles Town once stood?
A5: Dock Street Theatre
Title: George_VI
Topic: History

As Edward was unmarried and had no children, Albert was the heir presumptive to the throne. Less than a year later, on 11 December 1936, Edward VIII abdicated in order to marry his mistress, Wallis Simpson, who was divorced from her first husband and divorcing her second. Edward had been advised by British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin that he could not remain king and marry a divorced woman with two living ex-husbands. Edward chose abdication in preference to abandoning his marriage plans. Thus Albert became king, a position he was reluctant to accept. The day before the abdication, he went to London to see his mother, Queen Mary. He wrote in his diary, "When I told her what had happened, I broke down and sobbed like a child."

Q1: Why was Albert the heir presumptive to the throne?
A1: Edward was unmarried and had no children
Q2: What was wrong with Edward marrying Wallis Simpson?
A2: divorced woman with two living ex-husbands
Q3: What did Edward do to marry Wallis Simpson?
A3: abdication
Q4: Who is Edward's mother?
A4: Queen Mary
Q5: How did Edward react when he became heir to the throne?
A5: broke down and sobbed like a child
Title: Madrasa
Topic: Language and literature

As Muslim institutions of higher learning, the madrasa had the legal designation of waqf. In central and eastern Islamic lands, the view that the madrasa, as a charitable endowment, will remain under the control of the donor (and their descendent), resulted in a "spurt" of establishment of madaris in the 11th and 12th centuries. However, in Western Islamic lands, where the Maliki views prohibited donors from controlling their endowment, madaris were not as popular. Unlike the corporate designation of Western institutions of higher learning, the waqf designation seemed to have led to the exclusion of non-orthodox religious subjects such a philosophy and natural science from the curricula. The madrasa of al-Qarawīyīn, one of the two surviving madaris that predate the founding of the earliest medieval universities and are thus claimed to be the "first universities" by some authors, has acquired official university status as late as 1947. The other, al-Azhar, did acquire this status in name and essence only in the course of numerous reforms during the 19th and 20th century, notably the one of 1961 which introduced non-religious subjects to its curriculum, such as economics, engineering, medicine, and agriculture. It should also be noted that many medieval universities were run for centuries as Christian cathedral schools or monastic schools prior to their formal establishment as universitas scholarium; evidence of these immediate forerunners of the university dates back to the 6th century AD, thus well preceding the earliest madaris. George Makdisi, who has published most extensively on the topic concludes in his comparison between the two institutions:

Q1: When did more madaris begin to form more rapidly?
A1: 11th and 12th centuries
Q2: Where are madaris considered less desirable?
A2: Western Islamic lands
Q3: When did the al-Qarawiyin officially become a university?
A3: 1947
Q4: When the madaris are considered as a charity, who controls the school?
A4: the donor
Q5: What disciplines were introduced at al-Azhar in 1961?
A5: economics, engineering, medicine, and agriculture
Title: LaserDisc
Topic: Engineering and technology

As Pioneer introduced Digital Audio to LaserDisc in 1985, they further refined the CAA format. CAA55 was introduced in 1985 with a total playback capacity per side of 55 minutes 5 seconds, reducing the video capacity to resolve bandwidth issues with the inclusion of Digital Audio. Several titles released between 1985 and 1987 were analog audio only due to the length of the title and the desire to keep the film on one disc (e.g., Back to the Future). By 1987, Pioneer had overcome the technical challenges and was able to once again encode in CAA60, allowing a total of 60 minutes 5 seconds. Pioneer further refined CAA, offering CAA45, encoding 45 minutes of material, but filling the entire playback surface of the side. Used on only a handful of titles, CAA65 offered 65 minutes 5 seconds of playback time per side. There are a handful of titles pressed by Technidisc that used CAA50. The final variant of CAA is CAA70, which could accommodate 70 minutes of playback time per side. There are not any known uses of this format on the consumer market.

Q1: What was the length capacity of the CAA55 format?
A1: 55 minutes 5 seconds
Q2: Why was Back to the Future released with analog sound?
A2: due to the length of the title and the desire to keep the film on one disc
Q3: What was the maximum length of the CAA60 format?
A3: 60 minutes 5 seconds
Q4: How many works were released to the public with the CAA70 format?
A4: There are not any known uses of this format on the consumer market
Title: Space_Race
Topic: History

As President, Johnson steadfastly pursued the Gemini and Apollo programs, promoting them as Kennedy's legacy to the American public. One week after Kennedy's death, he issued an executive order renaming the Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities after Kennedy.

Q1: What two locations in Florida were renamed after Kennedy by President Johnson?
A1: Cape Canaveral and Apollo launch facilities
Q2: Which two space programs were heavily worked on by President Johnson?
A2: Gemini and Apollo
Title: Pope_Paul_VI
Topic: Philosophy and religion

As Secretary of State Montini coordinated the activities of assistance to the persecuted hidden in convents, parishes, seminaries, and in ecclesiastical schools. At the request of the pope, together with Pascalina Lehnert, Ferdinando Baldelli and Otto Faller, he created the Pontificia Commissione di Assistenza, which aided large number of Romans and refugees from everywhere with shelter, food and other material assistance. In Rome alone this organization distributed almost two million portions of free food in the year 1944. The Vatican and the Papal Residence Castel Gandolfo were opened to refugees. Some 15,000 persons lived in Castel Gandolfo alone, supported by the Pontificia Commissione di Assistenza. At the request of Pius XII, Montini was also involved in the re-establishment of Church Asylum, providing protection to hundreds of Allied soldiers, who had escaped from Axis prison camps, Jews, anti-Fascists, Socialists, Communists, and after the liberation of Rome, German soldiers, partisans and other displaced persons. After the war and later as pope, Montini turned the Pontificia Commissione di Assistenza, into the major charity, Caritas Italiana.[b]

Q1: Who requested Montini become involved in the Church Asylum movement?
A1: Pius XII
Q2: What war time group did the Vatican and Papal residence open their doors to?
A2: refugees
Q3: How many people lived at Castel Gofolfo during the war?
A3: 15,000
Q4: What organization did Montini form with other fellow officials to help refugees?
A4: Pontificia Commissione di Assistenza
Q5: What did Montini strive to reestablish to help persecuted Jews and allied soldiers?
A5: Church Asylum
Title: Universal_Studios
Topic: Media and drama

As Universal's main product had always been low-budget film, it was one of the last major studios to have a contract with Technicolor. The studio did not make use of the three-strip Technicolor process until Arabian Nights (1942), starring Jon Hall and Maria Montez. The following year, Technicolor was also used in Universal's remake of their 1925 horror melodrama, Phantom of the Opera with Claude Rains and Nelson Eddy. With the success of their first two pictures, a regular schedule of high-budget, Technicolor films followed.

Q1: What was the first Universal film to use the three-strip Technicolor process?
A1: Arabian Nights
Q2: What actress starred in Arabian Nights?
A2: Maria Montez
Q3: Along with Nelson Eddy, who starred in the Phantom of the Opera?
A3: Claude Rains
Q4: When was Universal's first version of the Phantom of the Opera made?
A4: 1925
Q5: In what year was Arabian Nights produced?
A5: 1942
Title: Middle_Ages
Topic: History

As Western Europe witnessed the formation of new kingdoms, the Eastern Roman Empire remained intact and experienced an economic revival that lasted into the early 7th century. There were fewer invasions of the eastern section of the empire; most occurred in the Balkans. Peace with Persia, the traditional enemy of Rome, lasted throughout most of the 5th century. The Eastern Empire was marked by closer relations between the political state and Christian Church, with doctrinal matters assuming an importance in eastern politics that they did not have in Western Europe. Legal developments included the codification of Roman law; the first effort—the Theodosian Code—was completed in 438. Under Emperor Justinian (r. 527–565), another compilation took place—the Corpus Juris Civilis. Justinian also oversaw the construction of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople and the reconquest of North Africa from the Vandals and Italy from the Ostrogoths, under Belisarius (d. 565). The conquest of Italy was not complete, as a deadly outbreak of plague in 542 led to the rest of Justinian's reign concentrating on defensive measures rather than further conquests. At the emperor's death, the Byzantines had control of most of Italy, North Africa, and a small foothold in southern Spain. Justinian's reconquests have been criticised by historians for overextending his realm and setting the stage for the Muslim conquests, but many of the difficulties faced by Justinian's successors were due not just to over-taxation to pay for his wars but to the essentially civilian nature of the empire, which made raising troops difficult.

Q1: In what century did the economic revival in the Eastern Roman Empire end?
A1: 7th
Q2: In what century was there peace with one of Rome's traditional enemies?
A2: 5th
Q3: Where did most of the invasion in the Eastern Roman Empire take place?
A3: the Balkans
Q4: What year saw the completion of the Theodosian Code?
A4: 438
Q5: Who was Emperor when the Corpus Juris Civilis was compiled?
A5: Justinian
Title: Pope_Paul_VI
Topic: Philosophy and religion

As a Cardinal, Montini journeyed to Africa (1962), where he visited Ghana, Sudan, Kenya, Congo, Rhodesia, South Africa, and Nigeria. After his journey, John XXIII gave him a private audience on his trip which lasted for several hours. In fifteen other trips he visited Brazil (1960) and the USA (1960), including New York City, Washington, DC, Chicago, the University of Notre Dame in Indiana, Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. While a cardinal, he usually vacationed in Engelberg Abbey, a secluded Benedictine monastery in Switzerland.

Q1: What country did Montini visit as Cardinal?
A1: Africa
Q2: In what year did Montini travel to visit Africa as a cardinal?
A2: 1962
Q3: How many foreign trips did Montini make as Cardinal?
A3: fifteen
Q4: In what year did Montini visit the United States?
A4: 1960
Q5: Where did Montini like to use as a retreat as a cardinal?
A5: Engelberg Abbey
Title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Topic: Media and drama

As a Republican, he was first elected on October 7, 2003, in a special recall election to replace then-Governor Gray Davis. Schwarzenegger was sworn in on November 17, to serve the remainder of Davis's term. Schwarzenegger was then re-elected on November 7, 2006, in California's 2006 gubernatorial election, to serve a full term as governor, defeating Democrat Phil Angelides, who was California State Treasurer at the time. Schwarzenegger was sworn in for his second term on January 5, 2007. In 2011, Schwarzenegger completed his second term as governor.

Q1: What year marked the end of Schwarzenegger's second term in the governor's office?
A1: 2011
Q2: What political party did Schwarzenegger belong to?
A2: Republican
Q3: What governor did Schwarzenegger replace?
A3: Gray Davis
Q4: What date marked the start of Schwarzenegger's second gubernatorial term?
A4: January 5, 2007
Title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird
Topic: Language and literature

As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. The book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. Despite its themes, To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms, often challenged for its use of racial epithets.

Q1: To Kill a Mockingbird is widely read in which countries schools?
A1: United States
Q2: What genre of book is To Kill a Mockingbird?
A2: Southern Gothic novel
Q3: Some of the central themes of the book are what exactly?
A3: racial injustice and the destruction of innocence
Q4: Which region of America was the novel set in?
A4: Deep South
Q5: What has caused  the use of the novel in classrooms to be challenged?
A5: racial epithets
Title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Topic: Media and drama

As a boy, Schwarzenegger played several sports, heavily influenced by his father. He picked up his first barbell in 1960, when his soccer coach took his team to a local gym. At the age of 14, he chose bodybuilding over soccer as a career. Schwarzenegger has responded to a question asking if he was 13 when he started weightlifting: "I actually started weight training when I was 15, but I'd been participating in sports, like soccer, for years, so I felt that although I was slim, I was well-developed, at least enough so that I could start going to the gym and start Olympic lifting." However, his official website biography claims: "At 14, he started an intensive training program with Dan Farmer, studied psychology at 15 (to learn more about the power of mind over body) and at 17, officially started his competitive career." During a speech in 2001, he said, "My own plan formed when I was 14 years old. My father had wanted me to be a police officer like he was. My mother wanted me to go to trade school." Schwarzenegger took to visiting a gym in Graz, where he also frequented the local movie theaters to see bodybuilding idols such as Reg Park, Steve Reeves, and Johnny Weissmuller on the big screen. When Reeves died in 2000, Schwarzenegger fondly remembered him: "As a teenager, I grew up with Steve Reeves. His remarkable accomplishments allowed me a sense of what was possible, when others around me didn't always understand my dreams. Steve Reeves has been part of everything I've ever been fortunate enough to achieve." In 1961, Schwarzenegger met former Mr. Austria Kurt Marnul, who invited him to train at the gym in Graz. He was so dedicated as a youngster that he broke into the local gym on weekends, when it was usually closed, so that he could train. "It would make me sick to miss a workout... I knew I couldn't look at myself in the mirror the next morning if I didn't do it." When Schwarzenegger was asked about his first movie experience as a boy, he replied: "I was very young, but I remember my father taking me to the Austrian theaters and seeing some newsreels. The first real movie I saw, that I distinctly remember, was a John Wayne movie."

Q1: What sport Schwarzenegger played led to a trip to the gym that sparked his love of weightlifting?
A1: soccer
Q2: Who starred in the first movie Schwarzenegger remembers seeing?
A2: John Wayne
Q3: What job did Schwarzenegger's father want him to pursue?
A3: police officer
Q4: Which of Schwarzenegger's bodybuilding idols died in 2000?
A4: Steve Reeves
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Topic: Media and drama

As a child, Spielberg faced difficulty reconciling being an Orthodox Jew with the perception of him by other children he played with. "It isn't something I enjoy admitting," he once said, "but when I was seven, eight, nine years old, God forgive me, I was embarrassed because we were Orthodox Jews. I was embarrassed by the outward perception of my parents' Jewish practices. I was never really ashamed to be Jewish, but I was uneasy at times." Spielberg also said he suffered from acts of anti-Semitic prejudice and bullying: "In high school, I got smacked and kicked around. Two bloody noses. It was horrible."

Q1: When did Steven Spielberg have trouble dealing with being an Orthodox Jew?
A1: As a child
Q2: How did Steven Spielberg feel about being an Orhtodox Jew?
A2: embarrassed
Q3: What kind of prejudice did Spielberg have to deal with in High school?
A3: anti-Semitic
Q4: How many bloody noses did Spielberg get in High School?
A4: Two
Q5: At what age was Spielberg embarrassed by his family being Jewish?
A5: seven, eight, nine years old
Q6: What was Spielberg bullied because of?
A6: anti-Semitic prejudice
Q7: How many bloody noses did Spielberg get in high school?
A7: Two
Title: Alexander_Graham_Bell
Topic: Engineering and technology

As a child, young Bell displayed a natural curiosity about his world, resulting in gathering botanical specimens as well as experimenting even at an early age. His best friend was Ben Herdman, a neighbor whose family operated a flour mill, the scene of many forays. Young Bell asked what needed to be done at the mill. He was told wheat had to be dehusked through a laborious process and at the age of 12, Bell built a homemade device that combined rotating paddles with sets of nail brushes, creating a simple dehusking machine that was put into operation and used steadily for a number of years. In return, John Herdman gave both boys the run of a small workshop in which to "invent".

Q1: What sort of things did Bell collect as a child?
A1: botanical specimens
Q2: Who was Bell's closest friend as a child?
A2: Ben Herdman
Q3: What sort of mill did Bell's neighbors run?
A3: flour
Q4: Bell's dehusking machine combined what with nail brushes?
A4: rotating paddles
Q5: What was Bell's reward for his dehusking machine?
A5: small workshop
Title: Iranian_languages
Topic: Language and literature

As a common intermediate stage, it is possible to reconstruct depalatalized affricates: *c, *dz. (This coincides with the state of affairs in the neighboring Nuristani languages.) A further complication however concerns the consonant clusters *ćw and *dźw:

Q1: What languages share a similar situation?
A1: Nuristani languages
Q2: What other elements of early Iranian languages problematize the east-west division?
A2: *ćw and *dźw
Q3: What is the linguistic categorization of *ćw and *dźw?
A3: consonant clusters
Title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower
Topic: History

As a consequence of his heart attack, Eisenhower developed a left ventricular aneurysm, which was in turn the cause of a mild stroke on November 25, 1957. This incident occurred during a cabinet meeting when Eisenhower suddenly found himself unable to speak or move his right hand. The stroke had caused an aphasia. The president also suffered from Crohn's disease, chronic inflammatory condition of the intestine, which necessitated surgery for a bowel obstruction on June 9, 1956. To treat the intestinal block, surgeons bypassed about ten inches of his small intestine. His scheduled meeting with Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was postponed so he could recover from surgery at his farm in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. He was still recovering from this operation during the Suez Crisis. Eisenhower's health issues forced him to give up smoking and make some changes to his dietary habits, but he still indulged in alcohol. During a visit to England he complained of dizziness and had to have his blood pressure checked on August 29, 1959; however, before dinner at Chequers on the next day his doctor General Howard Snyder recalled Eisenhower "drank several gin-and-tonics, and one or two gins on the rocks ... three or four wines with the dinner".

Q1: What caused Eisenhower's stroke of 1957?
A1: left ventricular aneurysm
Q2: Where was Eisenhower when he suffered a stroke in 1957?
A2: cabinet meeting
Q3: What couldn't Eisenhower move as a result of his stroke?
A3: right hand
Q4: What is Crohn's disease?
A4: chronic inflammatory condition of the intestine
Q5: Why did Eisenhower need surgery on June 9, 1956?
A5: bowel obstruction
Title: Economy_of_Greece
Topic: Geography and places

As a consequence, there was a crisis in international confidence in Greece's ability to repay its sovereign debt, as reflected by the rise of the country's borrowing rates (although their slow rise – the 10-year government bond yield only exceeded 7% in April 2010 – coinciding with a large number of negative articles, has led to arguments about the role of international news media in the evolution of the crisis). In order to avert a default (as high borrowing rates effectively prohibited access to the markets), in May 2010 the other Eurozone countries, and the IMF, agreed to a "rescue package" which involved giving Greece an immediate €45 billion in bail-out loans, with more funds to follow, totaling €110 billion. In order to secure the funding, Greece was required to adopt harsh austerity measures to bring its deficit under control. Their implementation will be monitored and evaluated by the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the IMF.

Q1: What did the international banks have doubts about Greece's ability to repay?
A1: sovereign debt
Q2: What was a consequence of the doubt that Greece could pay it's debts?
A2: rise of the country's borrowing rates
Q3: How much money did the IMF and other Eurozone countries agree to give Greece in 2010?
A3: €45 billion in bail-out loans
Q4: What was the total amount of the rescue package given to Greece?
A4: €110 billion
Q5: What organizations are keeping a watchful eye on how Greece is implementing austerity measures?
A5: the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the IMF
Title: Culture
Topic: Philosophy and religion

As a defining aspect of what it means to be human, culture is a central concept in anthropology, encompassing the range of phenomena that are transmitted through social learning in human societies. The word is used in a general sense as the evolved ability to categorize and represent experiences with symbols and to act imaginatively and creatively. This ability arose with the evolution of behavioral modernity in humans around 50,000 years ago.[citation needed] This capacity is often thought to be unique to humans, although some other species have demonstrated similar, though much less complex abilities for social learning. It is also used to denote the complex networks of practices and accumulated knowledge and ideas that is transmitted through social interaction and exist in specific human groups, or cultures, using the plural form. Some aspects of human behavior, such as language, social practices such as kinship, gender and marriage, expressive forms such as art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies such as cooking, shelter, clothing are said to be cultural universals, found in all human societies. The concept material culture covers the physical expressions of culture, such as technology, architecture and art, whereas the immaterial aspects of culture such as principles of social organization (including, practices of political organization and social institutions), mythology, philosophy, literature (both written and oral), and science make up the intangible cultural heritage of a society.

Q1: Around when were humans able to understand to some degree what culture really meant?
A1: 50,000 years ago
Q2: Name some cultural universals that exist with humans today.
A2: kinship, gender and marriage
Q3: What does the term "concept material culture" cover?
A3: technology, architecture and art
Title: BBC_Television
Topic: Media and drama

As a division within the BBC, Television was formerly known as BBC Vision for a few years in the early 21st century, until its name reverted to Television in 2013. It is responsible for the commissioning, producing, scheduling and broadcasting of all programming on the BBC's television channels, and is led by Danny Cohen.

Q1: When did BBC Vision change back to BBC Television?
A1: 2013
Q2: Who is the current head of BBC Television?
A2: Danny Cohen
Q3: What are the four responsibilities of BBC Television?
A3: commissioning, producing, scheduling and broadcasting
Title: MP3
Topic: Engineering and technology

As a doctoral student at Germany's University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Karlheinz Brandenburg began working on digital music compression in the early 1980s, focusing on how people perceive music. He completed his doctoral work in 1989. MP3 is directly descended from OCF and PXFM, representing the outcome of the collaboration of Brandenburg—working as a postdoc at AT&T-Bell Labs with James D. Johnston ("JJ") of AT&T-Bell Labs—with the Fraunhofer Institut for Integrated Circuits, Erlangen, with relatively minor contributions from the MP2 branch of psychoacoustic sub-band coders. In 1990, Brandenburg became an assistant professor at Erlangen-Nuremberg. While there, he continued to work on music compression with scientists at the Fraunhofer Society (in 1993 he joined the staff of the Fraunhofer Institute).

Q1: What kind of student was Karlheinz Brandenburg?
A1: doctoral
Q2: When did Karlheinz start working on digitmal music compression?
A2: early 1980s
Q3: Where did Bradenburg become an assistant professor at?
A3: Erlangen-Nuremberg
Q4: Who did Brandenburg work with in music compression?
A4: Fraunhofer Society
Q5: When did Brandenburg join the Fraunhofen Institute?
A5: 1993
Title: Dutch_language
Topic: Language and literature

As a foreign language, Dutch is mainly taught in primary and secondary schools in areas adjacent to the Netherlands and Flanders. In French-speaking Belgium, over 300,000 pupils are enrolled in Dutch courses, followed by over 23,000 in the German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia, and about 7,000 in the French region of Nord-Pas-de-Calais (of which 4,550 are in primary school). At an academic level, the largest number of faculties of neerlandistiek can be found in Germany (30 universities), followed by France (20 universities) and the United Kingdom (5 universities).

Q1: About how many students in Belgium are studying Dutch?
A1: 300,000
Q2: How many primary school students are learning Dutch in Nord-Pas-de-Calais?
A2: 4,550
Q3: What country has the most universities offering courses in neerlandistiek?
A3: Germany
Q4: How many universities in France offer neerlandistiek courses?
A4: 20
Q5: Besides North Rhine-Westphalia, which German state has the most pupils of Dutch?
A5: Lower Saxony
Title: Apollo
Topic: Philosophy and religion

As a god of archery, Apollo was known as Aphetor (/əˈfiːtər/ ə-FEE-tər; Ἀφήτωρ, Aphētōr, from ἀφίημι, "to let loose") or Aphetorus (/əˈfɛtərəs/ ə-FET-ər-əs; Ἀφητόρος, Aphētoros, of the same origin), Argyrotoxus (/ˌɑːrdʒᵻrəˈtɒksəs/ AR-ji-rə-TOK-səs; Ἀργυρότοξος, Argyrotoxos, literally "with silver bow"), Hecaërgus (/ˌhɛkiˈɜːrɡəs/ HEK-ee-UR-gəs; Ἑκάεργος, Hekaergos, literally "far-shooting"), and Hecebolus (/hᵻˈsɛbələs/ hi-SEB-ə-ləs; Ἑκηβόλος, Hekēbolos, literally "far-shooting"). The Romans referred to Apollo as Articenens (/ɑːrˈtɪsᵻnənz/ ar-TISS-i-nənz; "bow-carrying"). Apollo was called Ismenius (/ɪzˈmiːniəs/ iz-MEE-nee-əs; Ἰσμηνιός, Ismēnios, literally "of Ismenus") after Ismenus, the son of Amphion and Niobe, whom he struck with an arrow.

Q1: As god of archery, Apollo was known by what name?
A1: Aphetor
Q2: What name literally means "far-shooting?"
A2: Hecaërgus
Q3: Who was the son of Amphion and Niobe?
A3: Ismenius
Q4: Who struck his parents with an arrow?
A4: Ismenius
Title: Tajikistan
Topic: Geography and places

As a landlocked country Tajikistan has no ports and the majority of transportation is via roads, air, and rail. In recent years Tajikistan has pursued agreements with Iran and Pakistan to gain port access in those countries via Afghanistan. In 2009, an agreement was made between Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan to improve and build a 1,300 km (810 mi) highway and rail system connecting the three countries to Pakistan's ports. The proposed route would go through the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in the eastern part of the country. And in 2012, the presidents of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran signed an agreement to construct roads and railways as well as oil, gas, and water pipelines to connect the three countries.

Q1: What are the majority of transportation options?
A1: via roads, air, and rail.
Q2: What countries had Tajikistan been working with to use ports?
A2: Iran and Pakistan
Q3: What countries did Tajikistan agree with to build a highway and a rail way?
A3: Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan
Q4: What year was the agreement signed?
A4: 2012
Title: Nanjing
Topic: Geography and places

As a major Chinese city, Nanjing is home to many professional sports teams. Jiangsu Sainty, the football club currently staying in Chinese Super League, is a long-term tenant of Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Jiangsu Nangang Basketball Club is a competitive team which has long been one of the major clubs fighting for the title in China top level league, CBA. Jiangsu Volleyball men and women teams are also traditionally considered as at top level in China volleyball league.

Q1: Generally, what types of teams call Nanjing home?
A1: many professional sports teams
Q2: What is the name of the football club in Nanjing?
A2: Jiangsu Sainty
Q3: What building is home to Jiangsu Sainty?
A3: Nanjing Olympic Sports Center
Q4: What is the name of the major basketball team in Nanjing?
A4: Jiangsu Nangang Basketball Club
Q5: What is the name of China's highest level basketball league?
A5: CBA
Title: Estonia
Topic: Geography and places

As a member of the European Union, Estonia is considered a high-income economy by the World Bank. The GDP (PPP) per capita of the country, a good indicator of wealth, was in 2015 $28,781 according to the IMF, between that of Slovak Republic and Lithuania, but below that of other long-time EU members such as Italy or Spain. The country is ranked 8th in the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom, and the 4th freest economy in Europe. Because of its rapid growth, Estonia has often been described as a Baltic Tiger beside Lithuania and Latvia. Beginning 1 January 2011, Estonia adopted the euro and became the 17th eurozone member state.

Q1: What institution views the economy of Estonia as high income?
A1: the World Bank
Q2: What was the GDP of Estonia in 2015?
A2: $28,781
Q3: What countries share similar levels of GDP with Estonia?
A3: Slovak Republic and Lithuania
Q4: Where is Estonia ranked in the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom?
A4: 8th
Title: Literature
Topic: Language and literature

As a more urban culture developed, academies provided a means of transmission for speculative and philosophical literature in early civilizations, resulting in the prevalence of literature in Ancient China, Ancient India, Persia and Ancient Greece and Rome. Many works of earlier periods, even in narrative form, had a covert moral or didactic purpose, such as the Sanskrit Panchatantra or the Metamorphoses of Ovid. Drama and satire also developed as urban culture provided a larger public audience, and later readership, for literary production. Lyric poetry (as opposed to epic poetry) was often the speciality of courts and aristocratic circles, particularly in East Asia where songs were collected by the Chinese aristocracy as poems, the most notable being the Shijing or Book of Songs. Over a long period, the poetry of popular pre-literate balladry and song interpenetrated and eventually influenced poetry in the literary medium.

Q1: What are some classical societies whose literature is still studied today?
A1: Ancient China, Ancient India, Persia and Ancient Greece and Rome
Q2: Besides entertainment or informational value, classic literature also possessed what quality?
A2: a covert moral or didactic purpose
Q3: What societal evolution helped to develop drama and satire by providing a ready audience?
A3: urban culture
Q4: From what settings did lyric poetry derive?
A4: courts and aristocratic circles
Q5: What is an example of a collection of classic Chinese lyric poetry?
A5: the Shijing or Book of Songs
Title: Identity_(social_science)
Topic: Philosophy and religion

As a non-directive and flexible analytical tool, the concept of boundaries helps both to map and to define the changeability and mutability that are characteristic of people's experiences of the self in society. While identity is a volatile, flexible and abstract 'thing', its manifestations and the ways in which it is exercised are often open to view. Identity is made evident through the use of markers such as language, dress, behaviour and choice of space, whose effect depends on their recognition by other social beings. Markers help to create the boundaries that define similarities or differences between the marker wearer and the marker perceivers, their effectiveness depends on a shared understanding of their meaning. In a social context, misunderstandings can arise due to a misinterpretation of the significance of specific markers. Equally, an individual can use markers of identity to exert influence on other people without necessarily fulfilling all the criteria that an external observer might typically associate with such an abstract identity.

Q1: What concept helps map and define people's experiences of self in society?
A1: the concept of boundaries
Q2: What is a volatile, flexible, and abstract thing?
A2: identity
Q3: Language, dress, behavior, and choice of space are affected by recognition by what group?
A3: other social beings
Q4: What do markers help create?
A4: boundaries
Q5: Markers can be used to exert what on other people?
A5: influence
Title: Apollo
Topic: Philosophy and religion

As a protector and founder, Apollo had the epithets Alexicacus (/əˌlɛksᵻˈkeɪkəs/ ə-LEK-si-KAY-kəs; Ἀλεξίκακος, Alexikakos, literally "warding off evil"), Apotropaeus (/əˌpɒtrəˈpiːəs/ ə-POT-rə-PEE-əs; Ἀποτρόπαιος, Apotropaios, from ἀποτρέπειν, "to avert"), and Epicurius (/ˌɛpᵻˈkjʊriəs/ EP-i-KEWR-ee-əs; Ἐπικούριος, Epikourios, from ἐπικουρέειν, "to aid"), and Archegetes (/ɑːrˈkɛdʒətiːz/ ar-KEJ-ə-teez; Ἀρχηγέτης, Arkhēgetēs, literally "founder"), Clarius (/ˈklæriəs/ KLARR-ee-əs; Κλάριος, Klārios, from Doric κλάρος, "allotted lot"), and Genetor (/ˈdʒɛnᵻtər/ JEN-i-tər; Γενέτωρ, Genetōr, literally "ancestor"). To the Romans, he was known in this capacity as Averruncus (/ˌævəˈrʌŋkəs/ AV-ər-RUNG-kəs; from Latin āverruncare, "to avert"). He was also called Agyieus (/əˈdʒaɪ.ᵻjuːs/ ə-GWEE-ews; Ἀγυιεύς, Aguīeus, from ἄγυια, "street") for his role in protecting roads and homes; and Nomius (/ˈnoʊmiəs/ NOH-mee-əs; Νόμιος, Nomios, literally "pastoral") and Nymphegetes (/nɪmˈfɛdʒᵻtiːz/ nim-FEJ-i-teez; Νυμφηγέτης, Numphēgetēs, from Νύμφη, "Nymph", and ἡγέτης, "leader") for his role as a protector of shepherds and pastoral life.

Q1: What word literally means "warding off evil?"
A1: Alexicacus
Q2: What world literally means "founder?"
A2: Archegetes
Q3: What word literally mens "ancestor?"
A3: Genetor
Q4: What word means "to avert?"
A4: Agyieus
Title: Red
Topic: Natural sciences

As a ray of white sunlight travels through the atmosphere to the eye, some of the colors are scattered out of the beam by air molecules and airborne particles due to Rayleigh scattering, changing the final color of the beam that is seen. Colors with a shorter wavelength, such as blue and green, scatter more strongly, and are removed from the light that finally reaches the eye. At sunrise and sunset, when the path of the sunlight through the atmosphere to the eye is longest, the blue and green components are removed almost completely, leaving the longer wavelength orange and red light. The remaining reddened sunlight can also be scattered by cloud droplets and other relatively large particles, which give the sky above the horizon its red glow.

Q1: What type of scattering is responsible for the shift in the color of sunlight?
A1: Rayleigh
Q2: What occurs to colors of short wavelengths in Rayleigh scattering?
A2: scatter more strongly
Q3: What is the effect on blue and green light experiencing Rayleigh scattering during sunrise?
A3: removed almost completely
Q4: In comparison to blue and green, what would describe the wavelength of orange or red light?
A4: longer
Title: Norfolk_Island
Topic: Geography and places

As a relatively small and isolated oceanic island, Norfolk has few land birds but a high degree of endemicity among them. Many of the endemic species and subspecies have become extinct as a result of massive clearance of the island's native vegetation of subtropical rainforest for agriculture, hunting and persecution as agricultural pests. The birds have also suffered from the introduction of mammals such as rats, cats, pigs and goats, as well as from introduced competitors such as common blackbirds and crimson rosellas.

Q1: What type of bird does Norfolk Island have few of?
A1: land
Q2: What is one reason that has caused many of the birds of Norfolk Island to become extinct?
A2: massive clearance of the island's native vegetation
Q3: What is the second thing that caused many of the birds of Norfolk Island to become extinct?
A3: hunting and persecution as agricultural pests
Q4: What non-bird animals caused the bird populations of Norfolk Island to suffer?
A4: mammals
Q5: What non-native birds caused the bird populations of Norfolk Island to suffer?
A5: common blackbirds and crimson rosellas