LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Federalism
Topic: History

Federations often have special procedures for amendment of the federal constitution. As well as reflecting the federal structure of the state this may guarantee that the self-governing status of the component states cannot be abolished without their consent. An amendment to the constitution of the United States must be ratified by three-quarters of either the state legislatures, or of constitutional conventions specially elected in each of the states, before it can come into effect. In referendums to amend the constitutions of Australia and Switzerland it is required that a proposal be endorsed not just by an overall majority of the electorate in the nation as a whole, but also by separate majorities in each of a majority of the states or cantons. In Australia, this latter requirement is known as a double majority.

Q1: What does federations have for amendments of the constitution? 
A1: special procedures
Q2: What may guarantee the self-governing status of the competent states?
A2: federal structure
Q3: What needs to be done in order to amend the Australia and Switzerland Constitution?
A3: required that a proposal be endorsed not just by an overall majority of the electorate in the nation as a whole
Title: Annelid
Topic: Natural sciences

Feeding structures in the mouth region vary widely, and have little correlation with the animals' diets. Many polychaetes have a muscular pharynx that can be everted (turned inside out to extend it). In these animals the foremost few segments often lack septa so that, when the muscles in these segments contract, the sharp increase in fluid pressure from all these segments everts the pharynx very quickly. Two families, the Eunicidae and Phyllodocidae, have evolved jaws, which can be used for seizing prey, biting off pieces of vegetation, or grasping dead and decaying matter. On the other hand, some predatory polychaetes have neither jaws nor eversible pharynges. Selective deposit feeders generally live in tubes on the sea-floor and use palps to find food particles in the sediment and then wipe them into their mouths. Filter feeders use "crowns" of palps covered in cilia that wash food particles towards their mouths. Non-selective deposit feeders ingest soil or marine sediments via mouths that are generally unspecialized. Some clitellates have sticky pads in the roofs of their mouths, and some of these can evert the pads to capture prey. Leeches often have an eversible proboscis, or a muscular pharynx with two or three teeth.

Q1: What does 'everted' mean?
A1: turned inside out to extend
Q2: What part of a polychaete can be everted?
A2: pharynx
Q3: What types of annelids have evolved jaws?
A3: Eunicidae and Phyllodocidae
Q4: What do annelids use jaws for?
A4: seizing prey, biting off pieces of vegetation, or grasping dead and decaying matter
Q5: What do some annelids have 'crowns' of?
A5: palps covered in cilia
Title: Dominican_Order
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Female houses differed from male Dominican houses in a lack of apostolic work for the women. Instead, the sisters chanted the Divine Office and kept all the monastic observances. Their lives were often much more strict than their brothers' lives. The sisters had no government of their own, but lived under the authority of the general and provincial chapters of the order. They were compelled to obey all the rules and shared in all the applicable privileges of the order. Like the Priory of Dartford, all Dominican nunneries were under the jurisdiction of friars. The friars served as their confessors, priests, teachers and spiritual mentors.

Q1: How did female Dominican houses differ from male ones?
A1: lack of apostolic work
Q2: What did the sisters do instead of apostolic work?
A2: chanted the Divine Office
Q3: What did the sisters not have?
A3: government of their own
Q4: Who were the nunneries under the jurisdiction of?
A4: friars
Q5: What is one role that the friars served as to the nuns?
A5: teachers
Title: Anthropology
Topic: Social sciences and society

Feminist anthropology is a four field approach to anthropology (archeological, biological, cultural, linguistic) that seeks to reduce male bias in research findings, anthropological hiring practices, and the scholarly production of knowledge. Anthropology engages often with feminists from non-Western traditions, whose perspectives and experiences can differ from those of white European and American feminists. Historically, such 'peripheral' perspectives have sometimes been marginalized and regarded as less valid or important than knowledge from the western world. Feminist anthropologists have claimed that their research helps to correct this systematic bias in mainstream feminist theory. Feminist anthropologists are centrally concerned with the construction of gender across societies. Feminist anthropology is inclusive of birth anthropology as a specialization.

Q1: What type of anthropology focuses on a political agenda rather than on contributing to science?
A1: Feminist
Q2: What does feminist anthropology self-reports as seeking to reduce in research findings?
A2: male bias
Q3: What do feminist anthropologists claim their research helps to correct?
A3: systematic bias
Q4: What are feminist anthropologists centrally concerned about?
A4: gender
Q5: What type of anthropology do feminist anthropologists inclusively specialize in?
A5: birth anthropology
Title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308
Topic: History

Feminist economists Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjørnholt argue that the financial crisis and the response to it revealed a crisis of ideas in mainstream economics and within the economics profession, and call for a reshaping of both the economy, economic theory and the economics profession. They argue that such a reshaping should include new advances within feminist economics and ecological economics that take as their starting point the socially responsible, sensible and accountable subject in creating an economy and economic theories that fully acknowledge care for each other as well as the planet.

Q1: Who is one of the feminist economists that believe the financial crisis revealed a crisis of mainstream economics and call for a complete reshaping of the economy?
A1: Ailsa McKay
Q2: Feminist economists Ailsa McKay and Margunn Bjornhold believe that the financial crisis and response reveal a crisis of ideas in this?
A2: mainstream economics
Q3: According to feminist economists McKay and Bjornholt, would type economics should be included in a reshaping?
A3: feminist economics
Q4: What do economists McKay and Bjornholt want to occur in the economy, economic theory, and economics profession?
A4: a reshaping
Title: Valencia
Topic: Geography and places

Ferdinand refused and went to Valencia instead of Madrid. Here, on 17 April, General Elio invited the King to reclaim his absolute rights and put his troops at the King's disposition. The king abolished the Constitution of 1812. He followed this act by dissolving the two chambers of the Spanish Parliament on 10 May. Thus began six years (1814–1820) of absolutist rule, but the constitution was reinstated during the Trienio Liberal, a period of three years of liberal government in Spain from 1820–1823.

Q1: Where did Ferdinand go rather than Madrid?
A1: Valencia
Q2: How long did absolutist rule last?
A2: six years
Q3: When was the Trieno Liberal?
A3: 1820–1823
Q4: When was the Constitution abolished?
A4: 1812
Q5: Who offered troops to the King?
A5: General Elio
Title: Tuvalu
Topic: Geography and places

Fetuvalu offers the Cambridge syllabus. Motufoua offers the Fiji Junior Certificate (FJC) at year 10, Tuvaluan Certificate at Year 11 and the Pacific Senior Secondary Certificate (PSSC) at Year 12, set by the Fiji-based exam board SPBEA. Sixth form students who pass their PSSC go on to the Augmented Foundation Programme, funded by the government of Tuvalu. This program is required for tertiary education programmes outside of Tuvalu and is available at the University of the South Pacific (USP) Extension Centre in Funafuti.

Q1: What group funds the Augmented Foundation Programme?
A1: government of Tuvalu
Q2: Where is the Augmented Programme required for further education?
A2: outside of Tuvalu
Q3: In what educational institution is the program found?
A3: University of the South Pacific
Q4: Where is the Extension Centre for the USP?
A4: Funafuti
Q5: Which students go into the Augmented Foundation Programme?
A5: Sixth form
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Few Chinese had any illusions about Japanese designs on China. Hungry for raw materials and pressed by a growing population, Japan initiated the seizure of Manchuria in September 1931 and established ex-Qing emperor Puyi as head of the puppet state of Manchukuo in 1932. During the Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), the loss of Manchuria, and its vast potential for industrial development and war industries, was a blow to the Kuomintang economy. The League of Nations, established at the end of World War I, was unable to act in the face of the Japanese defiance. After 1940, conflicts between the Kuomintang and Communists became more frequent in the areas not under Japanese control. The Communists expanded their influence wherever opportunities presented themselves through mass organizations, administrative reforms, and the land- and tax-reform measures favoring the peasants—while the Kuomintang attempted to neutralize the spread of Communist influence.

Q1: When did the seizure of Manchuria occur?
A1: September 1931
Q2: Who was named the head of the puppet state after the seizure of Manchuria?
A2: ex-Qing emperor Puyi
Q3: What dealt a blow to the Kuomintang economy?
A3: loss of Manchuria, and its vast potential for industrial development and war industries,
Q4: In what year did conflict between the Kuomintang and Communist intensify? 
A4: 1940
Q5: What was Kuomintang's main goal pertaining to Communist? 
A5: neutralize the spread of Communist influence.
Title: Middle_Ages
Topic: History

Few large stone buildings were constructed between the Constantinian basilicas of the 4th century and the 8th century, although many smaller ones were built during the 6th and 7th centuries. By the beginning of the 8th century, the Carolingian Empire revived the basilica form of architecture. One feature of the basilica is the use of a transept, or the "arms" of a cross-shaped building that are perpendicular to the long nave. Other new features of religious architecture include the crossing tower and a monumental entrance to the church, usually at the west end of the building.

Q1: When were the Constantinian basilicas built?
A1: 4th century
Q2: In what part of the church was the monumental entrance typically placed?
A2: the west end
Q3: What type of architecture did the Carolingian Empire bring back into use?
A3: the basilica
Q4: What is a notable architectural feature of the basilica?
A4: transept
Q5: How is the transept positioned in relation to the nave?
A5: perpendicular
Title: British_Isles
Topic: Geography and places

Few species of reptiles or amphibians are found in Great Britain or Ireland. Only three snakes are native to Great Britain: the common European adder, the grass snake and the smooth snake; none are native to Ireland. In general, Great Britain has slightly more variation and native wild life, with weasels, polecats, wildcats, most shrews, moles, water voles, roe deer and common toads also being absent from Ireland. This pattern is also true for birds and insects. Notable exceptions include the Kerry slug and certain species of wood lice native to Ireland but not Great Britain.

Q1: Which snakes are considered native to the British Isles but not Ireland?
A1: European adder, the grass snake and the smooth snake
Q2: What is the name of the slug that is native to both Britain and Ireland?
A2: Kerry slug
Q3: Is the grass nake or the smooth snake native to Ireland?
A3: none are native to Ireland
Q4: What type of wild life are not native to Ireland but are in Britain?
A4: water voles, roe deer and common toads
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman alludes to his thoughts on the justification for getting involved in the Manhattan project in The Pleasure of Finding Things Out. He felt the possibility of Nazi Germany developing the bomb before the Allies was a compelling reason to help with its development for the U.S. He goes on to say that it was an error on his part not to reconsider the situation once Germany was defeated. In the same publication, Feynman also talks about his worries in the atomic bomb age, feeling for some considerable time that there was a high risk that the bomb would be used again soon, so that it was pointless to build for the future. Later he describes this period as a "depression".

Q1: In which book did Feynman talk about the Manhattan project?
A1: The Pleasure of Finding Things Out
Q2: What was his reasoning in helping make the atomic bomb?
A2: possibility of Nazi Germany developing the bomb before the Allies
Q3: After feeling guilty for helping make an atomic bomb, Feynman went through what mental disorder?
A3: depression
Q4: What did Feynman think of his part in making the bomb after Germany had been defeated?
A4: error on his part
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman attended Far Rockaway High School, a school in Far Rockaway, Queens also attended by fellow Nobel laureates Burton Richter and Baruch Samuel Blumberg. Upon starting high school, Feynman was quickly promoted into a higher math class. An unspecified school-administered IQ test estimated his IQ at 123—high, but "merely respectable" according to biographer James Gleick. When he turned 15, he taught himself trigonometry, advanced algebra, infinite series, analytic geometry, and both differential and integral calculus. In high school he was developing the mathematical intuition behind his Taylor series of mathematical operators. Before entering college, he was experimenting with and deriving mathematical topics such as the half-derivative using his own notation.

Q1: What IQ score did Feyman attain in high school?
A1: 123
Q2: What high school did Feynman go to?
A2: Far Rockaway High School
Q3: Feyman taught himself many math subjects, including Trigonometry at what age?
A3: 15
Q4: What did Feyman derive before he went to college?
A4: half-derivative
Q5: What burrough was Feynman's high school in?
A5: Queens
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman devoted the latter half of his book What Do You Care What Other People Think? to his experience on the Rogers Commission, straying from his usual convention of brief, light-hearted anecdotes to deliver an extended and sober narrative. Feynman's account reveals a disconnect between NASA's engineers and executives that was far more striking than he expected. His interviews of NASA's high-ranking managers revealed startling misunderstandings of elementary concepts. For instance, NASA managers claimed that there was a 1 in 100,000 chance of a catastrophic failure aboard the shuttle, but Feynman discovered that NASA's own engineers estimated the chance of a catastrophe at closer to 1 in 200. He concluded that the space shuttle reliability estimate by NASA management was fantastically unrealistic, and he was particularly angered that NASA used these figures to recruit Christa McAuliffe into the Teacher-in-Space program. He warned in his appendix to the commission's report (which was included only after he threatened not to sign the report), "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled."

Q1: Feyman's experience on the Rogers Commission was talked about is which of his books?
A1: What Do You Care What Other People Think?
Q2: In which way did he write about his experience on the Rogers Commission?
A2: sober narrative
Q3: His writings about the Rogers Commission showed that trouble was brewing between scientists and executives at which prolific institute?
A3: NASA
Q4: While the higher-ups said a failure was unlikely, at 1 in 100,000 odds, the scientists felt the odd were what?
A4: 1 in 200
Q5: Who did NASA recruit by using flawed safety numbers?
A5: Christa McAuliffe
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman diagrams are now fundamental for string theory and M-theory, and have even been extended topologically. The world-lines of the diagrams have developed to become tubes to allow better modeling of more complicated objects such as strings and membranes. Shortly before his death, Feynman criticized string theory in an interview: "I don't like that they're not calculating anything," he said. "I don't like that they don't check their ideas. I don't like that for anything that disagrees with an experiment, they cook up an explanation—a fix-up to say, 'Well, it still might be true.'" These words have since been much-quoted by opponents of the string-theoretic direction for particle physics.

Q1: What theories do Feynman diagrams help explain?
A1: string theory and M-theory
Q2: The diagrams have been made from lines into what 3 dimensional shape?
A2: tubes
Q3: What angst did Feynman have against string theorists?
A3: they don't check their ideas
Q4: Which quote by Feynman is often used by string theory opponents?
A4: 'Well, it still might be true.'"
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman had a great deal of success teaching Carl, using, for example, discussions about ants and Martians as a device for gaining perspective on problems and issues. He was surprised to learn that the same teaching devices were not useful with Michelle. Mathematics was a common interest for father and son; they both entered the computer field as consultants and were involved in advancing a new method of using multiple computers to solve complex problems—later known as parallel computing. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory retained Feynman as a computational consultant during critical missions. One co-worker characterized Feynman as akin to Don Quixote at his desk, rather than at a computer workstation, ready to do battle with the windmills.

Q1: What analogies did Feynman use to teach Carl?
A1: ants and Martians
Q2: Which subject did Feynman and Carl both enjoy?
A2: Mathematics
Q3: What type of computing did Feynman and his son help develop?
A3: parallel computing
Q4: What Laboratory employed Feynman for critical missions?
A4: The Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Q5: What fictional character was Feynman compared to by a colleague?
A5: Don Quixote
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman has been called the "Great Explainer". He gained a reputation for taking great care when giving explanations to his students and for making it a moral duty to make the topic accessible. His guiding principle was that, if a topic could not be explained in a freshman lecture, it was not yet fully understood. Feynman gained great pleasure from coming up with such a "freshman-level" explanation, for example, of the connection between spin and statistics. What he said was that groups of particles with spin ½ "repel", whereas groups with integer spin "clump". This was a brilliantly simplified way of demonstrating how Fermi–Dirac statistics and Bose–Einstein statistics evolved as a consequence of studying how fermions and bosons behave under a rotation of 360°. This was also a question he pondered in his more advanced lectures, and to which he demonstrated the solution in the 1986 Dirac memorial lecture. In the same lecture, he further explained that antiparticles must exist, for if particles had only positive energies, they would not be restricted to a so-called "light cone".

Q1: Which nickname did Feynman receive?
A1: Great Explainer
Q2: Feynman believed that if a topic was not easily accessible to freshmen than it was not yet what?
A2: fully understood
Q3: In a lecture, Feynman said that what had to exist?
A3: antiparticles
Q4: Antiparticles had to exist because if particles only were of positive energy, they would not be in what?
A4: light cone
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman traveled to Brazil, where he gave courses at the BCPF (Brazilian Center for Physics Research) and near the end of his life schemed to visit the Russian land of Tuva, a dream that, because of Cold War bureaucratic problems, never became reality. The day after he died, a letter arrived for him from the Soviet government, giving him authorization to travel to Tuva. Later Feynman's daughter Michelle would realize this journey. Out of his enthusiastic interest in reaching Tuva came the phrase "Tuva or Bust" (also the title of a book about his efforts to get there), which was tossed about frequently amongst his circle of friends in hope that they, one day, could see it firsthand. The documentary movie, Genghis Blues, mentions some of his attempts to communicate with Tuva and chronicles the successful journey there by his friends. Responding to Hubert Humphrey's congratulation for his Nobel Prize, Feynman admitted to a long admiration for the then vice president.

Q1: Where did Feynman work at in Brazil?
A1: Brazilian Center for Physics Research
Q2: Which place in Russia could Feynman not visit, but wished to do so?
A2: Tuva
Q3: When was Feynman allowed to go to Tuva?
A3: The day after he died
Q4: Who went to Tuva in Feynman's stead?
A4: Feynman's daughter Michelle
Q5: What is the name of the film that discusses Feynman's attempt to get to Tuva?
A5: Genghis Blues
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiographical books Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! and What Do You Care What Other People Think? and books written about him, such as Tuva or Bust! and Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman by James Gleick.

Q1: What was the name of Feynman's 1959 talk on nanotech?
A1: There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom
Q2: What was the name of Feynman's lectures he made as an undergraduate?
A2: The Feynman Lectures on Physics
Q3: What was the name of one of his semi-autobiographical books?
A3: Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!
Q4: What book did James Gleck write about Feynman?
A4: Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman
Q5: Feynman wrote many books and gave many ___
A5: lectures
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1965. At this time in the early 1960s, Feynman exhausted himself by working on multiple major projects at the same time, including a request, while at Caltech, to "spruce up" the teaching of undergraduates. After three years devoted to the task, he produced a series of lectures that eventually became The Feynman Lectures on Physics. He wanted a picture of a drumhead sprinkled with powder to show the modes of vibration at the beginning of the book. Concerned over the connections to drugs and rock and roll that could be made from the image, the publishers changed the cover to plain red, though they included a picture of him playing drums in the foreword. The Feynman Lectures on Physics occupied two physicists, Robert B. Leighton and Matthew Sands, as part-time co-authors for several years. Even though the books were not adopted by most universities as textbooks, they continue to sell well because they provide a deep understanding of physics. Many of his lectures and miscellaneous talks were turned into other books, including The Character of Physical Law, QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter, Statistical Mechanics, Lectures on Gravitation, and the Feynman Lectures on Computation.

Q1: Which society was Feynman elected to?
A1: Royal Society
Q2: After 3 years at Caltech what lectures did Feynman produce?
A2: The Feynman Lectures on Physics
Q3: Why did publisher change the cover picture on Feynman's book?
A3: connections to drugs and rock and roll
Q4: In his book, Feynman was shown playing what instrument?
A4: drums
Q5: What was the name of the book Feynman wrote over light and matter?
A5: The Character of Physical Law, QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter
Title: Richard_Feynman
Topic: Mathematics

Feynman's other work at Los Alamos included calculating neutron equations for the Los Alamos "Water Boiler", a small nuclear reactor, to measure how close an assembly of fissile material was to criticality. On completing this work he was transferred to the Oak Ridge facility, where he aided engineers in devising safety procedures for material storage so that criticality accidents (for example, due to sub-critical amounts of fissile material inadvertently stored in proximity on opposite sides of a wall) could be avoided. He also did theoretical work and calculations on the proposed uranium hydride bomb, which later proved not to be feasible.

Q1: What was the Water Boiler that Feyman worked on?
A1: nuclear reactor
Q2: Where was Feyman sent after his work at Los Alamos?
A2: Oak Ridge facility
Q3: What did Feynman help produce at the Oak Ridge Facility?
A3: safety procedures
Q4: Which weapon did Feynman found to not be feasible?
A4: uranium hydride bomb
Q5: Where did Feynman work on the "Wateer Boiler"?
A5: Los Alamos
Title: Samoa
Topic: Geography and places

Fiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u II, one of the four highest-ranking paramount chiefs in the country, became Samoa's first Prime Minister. Two other paramount chiefs at the time of independence were appointed joint heads of state for life. Tupua Tamasese Mea'ole died in 1963, leaving Malietoa Tanumafili II sole head of state until his death on 11 May 2007, upon which Samoa changed from a constitutional monarchy to a parliamentary republic de facto. The next Head of State, Tuiatua Tupua Tamasese Efi, was elected by the legislature on 17 June 2007 for a fixed five-year term, and was re-elected unopposed in July 2012.

Q1: What office was held by Fiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu'u II?
A1: Prime Minister
Q2: What was the term of office for Samoa's first joint heads of state?
A2: life
Q3: What year did the first of the two heads of state die?
A3: 1963
Q4: Who was the head of state in Samoa in 2006?
A4: Malietoa Tanumafili II
Q5: Before becoming a de facto parliamentary republic, what form of government did Samoa have?
A5: constitutional monarchy
Title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger
Topic: Media and drama

Fifty-year-old Baena, of Guatemalan origin, was employed by the family for 20 years and retired in January 2011. The pregnant Baena was working in the home while Shriver was pregnant with the youngest of the couple’s four children. Baena's son with Schwarzenegger, Joseph, was born on October 2, 1997; Shriver gave birth to Christopher on September 27, 1997. Schwarzenegger says it took seven or eight years before he found out that he had fathered a child with his housekeeper. It wasn't until the boy "started looking like me, that's when I kind of got it. I put things together," the action star and former California governor, told 60 Minutes. Schwarzenegger has taken financial responsibility for the child "from the start and continued to provide support." KNX 1070 radio reported that in 2010 he bought a new four-bedroom house, with a pool, for Baena and their son in Bakersfield, about 112 miles (180 km) north of Los Angeles. Baena separated from her husband, Rogelio, in 1997, a few months after Joseph's birth, and filed for divorce in 2008. Baena's ex-husband says that the child's birth certificate was falsified and that he plans to sue Schwarzenegger for engaging in conspiracy to falsify a public document, a serious crime in California.

Q1: Baena worked for the Schwarzenegger/Shriver family for how many years?
A1: 20
Q2: What's the first name of Schwarzenegger's son with Baena?
A2: Joseph
Q3: Schwarzenegger bought Baena and their son a four-bedroom house in what year?
A3: 2010
Title: Military_history_of_the_United_States
Topic: History

Fighting on one side was a coalition of forces including the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam or the "RVN"), the United States, supplemented by South Korea, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, and the Philippines. The allies fought against the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) as well as the National Liberation Front (NLF, also known as Viet communists Viet Cong), or "VC", a guerrilla force within South Vietnam. The NVA received substantial military and economic aid from the Soviet Union and China, turning Vietnam into a proxy war.

Q1: What acronym was given to South Vietnamese troops?
A1: RVN
Q2: What acronym was given to North Vietnamese army regulars?
A2: NVA
Q3: By what name were fighters of the National Liberation Front known?
A3: Viet Cong
Q4: The VC operated in what geographic area?
A4: South Vietnam
Q5: The NVA was aided by military and financial aid from what two countries?
A5: Soviet Union and China
Title: Eton_College
Topic: History

Figures obtained by The Daily Telegraph had revealed that, in 2010, 37 applicants from Eton were accepted by Oxford whilst state schools had difficulty obtaining entry even for pupils with the country's most impressive exam results. According to The Economist, Oxford and Cambridge admit more Etonians each year than applicants from the whole country who qualify for free school meals. In April 2011 the Labour MP David Lammy described as unfair and 'indefensible' the fact that Oxford University had organised nine 'outreach events' at Eton in 2010, although he admitted that it had, in fact, held fewer such events for Eton than for another independent school, Wellington College.

Q1: How many outreach events were held at Eton by Oxford University in 2010?
A1: nine
Q2: Which independent school had more hosted outreach events than Eton?
A2: Wellington College
Q3: Who described outreach events at Eton as "unfair and indefensible?"
A3: Labour MP David Lammy
Q4: In 2010, how many applicants from Eton were accepted to Oxford?
A4: 37
Title: Film_speed
Topic: Engineering and technology

Film speed is found from a plot of optical density vs. log of exposure for the film, known as the D–log H curve or Hurter–Driffield curve. There typically are five regions in the curve: the base + fog, the toe, the linear region, the shoulder, and the overexposed region. For black-and-white negative film, the “speed point” m is the point on the curve where density exceeds the base + fog density by 0.1 when the negative is developed so that a point n where the log of exposure is 1.3 units greater than the exposure at point m has a density 0.8 greater than the density at point m. The exposure Hm, in lux-s, is that for point m when the specified contrast condition is satisfied. The ISO arithmetic speed is determined from:

Q1: What is the plot from which film speed is derived called?
A1: the D–log H curve or Hurter–Driffield curve
Q2: How many regions does the Hurter-Driffield curve have?
A2: five
Q3: What is plotted in the Hurter-Driffield curve?
A3: a plot of optical density vs. log of exposure for the film
Q4: What is denoted when the specified contrast condition is met?
A4: The exposure Hm, in lux-s
Q5: What are the five regions of the Hurter-Driffield curve?
A5: the base + fog, the toe, the linear region, the shoulder, and the overexposed region
Title: Film_speed
Topic: Engineering and technology

Film speed is used in the exposure equations to find the appropriate exposure parameters. Four variables are available to the photographer to obtain the desired effect: lighting, film speed, f-number (aperture size), and shutter speed (exposure time). The equation may be expressed as ratios, or, by taking the logarithm (base 2) of both sides, by addition, using the APEX system, in which every increment of 1 is a doubling of exposure; this increment is commonly known as a "stop". The effective f-number is proportional to the ratio between the lens focal length and aperture diameter, the diameter itself being proportional to the square root of the aperture area. Thus, a lens set to f/1.4 allows twice as much light to strike the focal plane as a lens set to f/2. Therefore, each f-number factor of the square root of two (approximately 1.4) is also a stop, so lenses are typically marked in that progression: f/1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22, 32, etc.

Q1: What is the effective f-number proportional to?
A1: the ratio between the lens focal length and aperture diameter
Q2: What is used to discover the right exposure parameters?
A2: Film speed
Q3: What variables help the photographer produce the desired effect?
A3: lighting, film speed, f-number (aperture size), and shutter speed (exposure time)
Q4: A lens with a setting of f/1.4 lets how much to hit the focal plane compared with a setting of f/2?
A4: twice as much
Q5: In the APEX system, the increment that doubles the exposure is called what?
A5: "stop"
Title: Spectre_(2015_film)
Topic: Media and drama

Filming started in Austria in December 2014, with production taking in the area around Sölden—including the Ötztal Glacier Road, Rettenbach glacier and the adjacent ski resort and cable car station—and Obertilliach and Lake Altaussee, before concluding in February 2015. Scenes filmed in Austria centred on the Ice Q Restaurant, standing in for the fictional Hoffler Klinik, a private medical clinic in the Austrian Alps. Filming included an action scene featuring a Land Rover Defender Bigfoot and a Range Rover Sport. Production was temporarily halted first by an injury to Craig, who sprained his knee whilst shooting a fight scene, and later by an accident involving a filming vehicle that saw three crew members injured, at least one of them seriously.

Q1: When did Spectre begin production in Austria?
A1: December 2014
Q2: When did the Austrian filming of Spectre finish?
A2: February 2015
Q3: What location was the focus of the Austrian leg of Spectre's production?
A3: Ice Q Restaurant
Q4: What part of his body did Craig injure?
A4: knee
Q5: What building was used in the film as the Hoffler Klinik?
A5: Ice Q Restaurant
Q6: Where was the Hoffler Klinik supposed to be located?
A6: Austrian Alps.
Q7: Near what glacier in Austria was filming done?
A7: Rettenbach glacier
Title: Spectre_(2015_film)
Topic: Media and drama

Filming temporarily returned to England to shoot scenes at Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire, which stood in for a location in Rome, before moving on to the city itself for a five-week shoot across the city, with locations including the Ponte Sisto bridge and the Roman Forum. The production faced opposition from a variety of special interest groups and city authorities, who were concerned about the potential for damage to historical sites around the city, and problems with graffiti and rubbish appearing in the film. A car chase scene set along the banks of the Tiber River and through the streets of Rome featured an Aston Martin DB10 and a Jaguar C-X75. The C-X75 was originally developed as a hybrid electric vehicle with four independent electric engines powered by two jet turbines, before the project was cancelled. The version used for filming was converted to use a conventional internal combustion engine, to minimise the potential for disruption from mechanical problems with the complex hybrid system. The C-X75s used for filming were developed by the engineering division of Formula One racing team Williams, who built the original C-X75 prototype for Jaguar.

Q1: What are two landmarks in Rome used in filming Spectre?
A1: Ponte Sisto bridge and the Roman Forum
Q2: Which group was responsible for the C-X75s featured in Spectre?
A2: Williams
Q3: For which auto maker did Williams first develop the C-X75?
A3: Jaguar
Q4: How many engines did the C-X75 originally have?
A4: four
Q5: Where in England were scenes shot that represented a location in Rome?
A5: Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire
Q6: What bridge in Rome was a filming location?
A6: the Ponte Sisto bridge
Q7: What two cars were featured in a chase scene along the banks of the Tiber River?
A7: Aston Martin DB10 and a Jaguar C-X75
Q8: Which Formula One racing team developed the C-X75's used for filming.
A8: Williams
Q9: What company did the Williams Formula One team originally build the C-X75 prototype for?
A9: Jaguar.
Title: Bacteria
Topic: Natural sciences

Fimbriae (sometimes called "attachment pili") are fine filaments of protein, usually 2–10 nanometres in diameter and up to several micrometers in length. They are distributed over the surface of the cell, and resemble fine hairs when seen under the electron microscope. Fimbriae are believed to be involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells, and are essential for the virulence of some bacterial pathogens. Pili (sing. pilus) are cellular appendages, slightly larger than fimbriae, that can transfer genetic material between bacterial cells in a process called conjugation where they are called conjugation pili or "sex pili" (see bacterial genetics, below). They can also generate movement where they are called type IV pili (see movement, below).

Q1: What are fimbriae?
A1: fine filaments of protein
Q2: What is the diameter of fimbriae?
A2: 2–10 nanometres
Q3: What are fimbriae liable for?
A3: involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells
Q4: What are pili?
A4: cellular appendages
Title: Supreme_court
Topic: Language and literature

Final interpretation of and amendments to the German Constitution, the Grundgesetz, is the task of the Bundesverfassungsgericht (Federal Constitutional Court), which is the de facto highest German court, as it can declare both federal and state legislation ineffective, and has the power to overrule decisions of all other federal courts, despite not being a regular court of appeals on itself in the German court system. It is also the only court possessing the power and authority to outlaw political parties, if it is deemed that these parties have repeatedly violated articles of the Constitution.

Q1: What is Germany's constitution called?
A1: the Grundgesetz
Q2: What German high court has the responsibility for interpreting this document?
A2: Bundesverfassungsgericht
Q3: The english translation of this court and its duties is what?
A3: Federal Constitutional Court
Q4: What unique electoral power does this German high court possess?
A4: the power and authority to outlaw political parties
Q5: Under what circumstances may the court enact this responsibility?
A5: it is deemed that these parties have repeatedly violated articles of the Constitution
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

Finalist Phillip Phillips suffered from kidney pain and was taken to the hospital before the Top 13 results show, and later received medical procedure to alleviate a blockage caused by kidney stones. He was reported to have eight surgeries during his Idol run, and had considered quitting the show due to the pain. He underwent surgery to remove the stones and reconstruct his kidney soon after the season had finished.

Q1: Which season 11 contestant had to go to the hospital before the Top 13 Results?
A1: Phillip Phillips
Q2: Why was Phillip Phillips hospitalized during his time on American Idol?
A2: kidney stones
Q3: How many times did Phillip Phillips have surgery when he was on American Idol?
A3: eight
Q4: Which contestant thought about leaving the contest because of pain in his kidney?
A4: Phillip Phillips
Q5: Which contestant had eight surgeries during his Idol run?
A5: Phillip Phillips
Q6: What kind of pain did Phillips endure?
A6: kidney pain
Title: Biodiversity
Topic: Natural sciences

Finally, an introduced species may unintentionally injure a species that depends on the species it replaces. In Belgium, Prunus spinosa from Eastern Europe leafs much sooner than its West European counterparts, disrupting the feeding habits of the Thecla betulae butterfly (which feeds on the leaves). Introducing new species often leaves endemic and other local species unable to compete with the exotic species and unable to survive. The exotic organisms may be predators, parasites, or may simply outcompete indigenous species for nutrients, water and light.

Q1: What may unintentionally injure a species that depends on the species it replaces?
A1: an introduced species
Q2: Where does the Prunus spinosa leaf much sooner?
A2: In Belgium
Q3: What animal can its feeding habits disturbed by the Prunus spinosa?
A3: leaves endemic and other local species unable to compete with the exotic species and unable to survive
Q4: What species struggle to with the introduction of new species?
A4: endemic and other local species
Q5: What types of new species can be introduced?
A5: The exotic organisms may be predators, parasites
Title: Electric_motor
Topic: Engineering and technology

Finally, hysteresis synchronous motors typically are (essentially) two-phase motors with a phase-shifting capacitor for one phase. They start like induction motors, but when slip rate decreases sufficiently, the rotor (a smooth cylinder) becomes temporarily magnetized. Its distributed poles make it act like a PMSM. The rotor material, like that of a common nail, will stay magnetized, but can also be demagnetized with little difficulty. Once running, the rotor poles stay in place; they do not drift.

Q1: What do hysteresis synchronous motors' rotors do when slip rate decreases?
A1: becomes temporarily magnetized
Q2: When in operation, what do hysteresis synchronous motors poles do?
A2: stay in place
Q3: What do hysteresis synchronous motors resemble at startup?
A3: induction motors
Q4: How can a hysteresis synchronous motor's rotor be described?
A4: a smooth cylinder
Q5: What do the distributed poles of a hysteresis synchronous motor resemble?
A5: PMSM
Title: Videoconferencing
Topic: History

Finally, in the 1990s, Internet Protocol-based videoconferencing became possible, and more efficient video compression technologies were developed, permitting desktop, or personal computer (PC)-based videoconferencing. In 1992 CU-SeeMe was developed at Cornell by Tim Dorcey et al. In 1995 the first public videoconference between North America and Africa took place, linking a technofair in San Francisco with a techno-rave and cyberdeli in Cape Town. At the Winter Olympics opening ceremony in Nagano, Japan, Seiji Ozawa conducted the Ode to Joy from Beethoven's Ninth Symphony simultaneously across five continents in near-real time.

Q1: In what decade was Internet video-conferencing made possible?
A1: 1990s
Q2: In what device was videoconferencing finally able to be used in?
A2: desktop
Q3: In what year was CU-SeeMe, a desktop-based videoconferencing tool, developed?
A3: 1992
Q4: In what year did the first public video-conference take place?
A4: 1995
Q5: What South African city participated in the first public video-conference?
A5: Cape Town
Title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact
Topic: History

Finally, on 26 June, four days after France sued for an armistice with the Third Reich, the Soviet Union issued an ultimatum demanding Bessarabia and, unexpectedly, Northern Bukovina from Romania. Two days later, the Romanians caved to the Soviet demands and the Soviets occupied the territory. The Hertza region was initially not requested by the USSR but was later occupied by force after the Romanians agreed to the initial Soviet demands. The subsequent waves of deportations began in Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina.

Q1: How many days after France sued for peace did the Romanians meet the requests of the USSR?
A1: 6
Q2: What month did France sue for peace?
A2: June
Q3: How many days did it take for the Romanians give into the Soviets requests?
A3: Two days
Title: Labour_Party_(UK)
Topic: Geography and places

Finance proved a major problem for the Labour Party during this period; a "cash for peerages" scandal under Blair resulted in the drying up of many major sources of donations. Declining party membership, partially due to the reduction of activists' influence upon policy-making under the reforms of Neil Kinnock and Blair, also contributed to financial problems. Between January and March 2008, the Labour Party received just over £3 million in donations and were £17 million in debt; compared to the Conservatives' £6 million in donations and £12 million in debt.

Q1: How much in contributions did the Labour party get from January to Marrch 2008?
A1: £3 million
Q2: How far was the party in debt for the same time period?
A2: £17 million
Q3: How far was the Conservative party in debt?
A3: £12 million
Title: Norfolk_Island
Topic: Geography and places

Financial problems and a reduction in tourism led to Norfolk Island's administration appealing to the Australian federal government for assistance in 2010. In return, the islanders were to pay income tax for the first time but would be eligible for greater welfare benefits. However, by May 2013 agreement had not been reached and islanders were having to leave to find work and welfare. An agreement was finally signed in Canberra on 12 March 2015 to replace self-government with a local council but against the wishes of the Norfolk Island government. A majority of Norfolk Islanders have objected to the Australian plan to make changes to Norfolk Island without first consulting them and allowing their say with 68% of voters against forced changes.

Q1:  What lead to Norfolk Island asking for assistance from Australia in 2010?
A1: Financial problems and a reduction in tourism
Q2: What benefit were residents of Norfolk Island told they would receive as a result of Australia's assistance?
A2: greater welfare benefits
Q3: What actually ended up happening after Norfolk Island asked Australia for help?
A3: islanders were having to leave to find work and welfare
Q4: An agreement was finally signed in Canberra on March 12, 2015, to do what for Norfolk Island?
A4: replace self-government with a local council
Q5: What percentage of Norfolk Island voters were against the changes brought by Australia?
A5: 68%
Title: Group_(mathematics)
Topic: Mathematics

Finite symmetry groups such as the Mathieu groups are used in coding theory, which is in turn applied in error correction of transmitted data, and in CD players. Another application is differential Galois theory, which characterizes functions having antiderivatives of a prescribed form, giving group-theoretic criteria for when solutions of certain differential equations are well-behaved.u[›] Geometric properties that remain stable under group actions are investigated in (geometric) invariant theory.

Q1: What are examples of finite symmetry groups used in coding theory?
A1: Mathieu groups
Q2: What is used for error correction of transferred data?
A2: coding theory
Q3: What describes functions having antiderivatives of a prescribed form?
A3: differential Galois theory
Q4: What concept investigates geometric elements that stay stable under group action?
A4: invariant theory
Title: Comprehensive_school
Topic: Social sciences and society

Finland has used comprehensive schools since the 1970s, in the sense that everyone is expected to complete the nine grades of peruskoulu, from the age 7 to 16. The division to lower comprehensive school (grades 1–6, ala-aste, alakoulu) and upper comprehensive school (grades 7–9, yläaste, yläkoulu) has been discontinued.

Q1: In what decade did Finland begin employing comprehensive schools?
A1: 1970s
Q2: What age ranges does Finnish comprehensive school cover?
A2: 7 to 16
Title: Computer
Topic: Engineering and technology

Firmware is the technology which has the combination of both hardware and software such as BIOS chip inside a computer. This chip (hardware) is located on the motherboard and has the BIOS set up (software) stored in it.

Q1: A BIOS chip is located where in a computer?
A1: the motherboard
Q2: What type of software is stored in a BIOS chip?
A2: BIOS set up