LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

Peer groups are essential to social and general development. Communication with peers increases significantly during adolescence and peer relationships become more intense than in other stages  and more influential to the teen, affecting both the decisions and choices being made. High quality friendships may enhance children's development regardless of the characteristics of those friends. As children begin to bond with various people and create friendships, it later helps them when they are adolescent and sets up the framework for adolescence and peer groups. Peer groups are especially important during adolescence, a period of development characterized by a dramatic increase in time spent with peers and a decrease in adult supervision. Adolescents also associate with friends of the opposite sex much more than in childhood and tend to identify with larger groups of peers based on shared characteristics. It is also common for adolescents to use friends as coping devices in different situations. A three-factor structure of dealing with friends including avoidance, mastery, and nonchalance has shown that adolescents use friends as coping devices with social stresses.

Q1: Does communication with peers increase or decrease during adolescence?
A1: increases
Q2: Do children or adolescents tend to associae with friends of the opposite sex more?
A2: Adolescents
Q3: How is adolescence defined socially?
A3: a period of development characterized by a dramatic increase in time spent with peers and a decrease in adult supervision
Title: Portugal
Topic: Geography and places

Pelayos' plan was to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from the invading Moors. He then aimed to regroup the Iberian Peninsula's Christian armies and use the Cantabrian mountains as a springboard from which to regain their lands from the Moors. In the process, after defeating the Moors in the Battle of Covadonga in 722 AD, Pelayos was proclaimed king, thus founding the Christian Kingdom of Asturias and starting the war of Christian reconquest known in Portuguese as the Reconquista Cristã.

Q1: What was Pelayos' plan?
A1: to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from the invading Moors
Q2: Against which group of people was Pelayos fighting?
A2: Moors
Q3: In which battle did Pelayos defeat the Moors?
A3: Battle of Covadonga
Q4: In which year was Pelayos proclaimed king?
A4: 722 AD
Q5: What was the war of Christian reconquest, started by Pelayos, known as in Portugese?
A5: Reconquista Cristã
Title: Canadian_football
Topic: Sports and recreation

Penalties never result in a score for the offence. For example, a point-of-foul infraction committed by the defence in their end zone is not ruled a touchdown, but instead advances the ball to the one-yard line with an automatic first down. For a distance penalty, if the yardage is greater than half the distance to the goal line, then the ball is advanced half the distance to the goal line, though only up to the one-yard line (unlike American football, in Canadian football no scrimmage may start inside either one-yard line). If the original penalty yardage would have resulted in a first down or moving the ball past the goal line, a first down is awarded.

Q1: Where is the ball placed when a defensive penalty is committed in their own end zone?
A1: one-yard line
Q2: In which North American style of football is the line of scrimmage never inside the one-yard line?
A2: Canadian
Q3: A play that results in what outcome will never also be a scoring play?
A3: Penalties
Q4: How many penalty yards are awarded when the ball is nearer the goal line than the usual penalty yardage?
A4: half the distance to the goal line
Title: Zinc
Topic: Unknown

Pennies and other small coins are sometimes ingested by dogs, resulting in the need for medical treatment to remove the foreign body. The zinc content of some coins can cause zinc toxicity, which is commonly fatal in dogs, where it causes a severe hemolytic anemia, and also liver or kidney damage; vomiting and diarrhea are possible symptoms. Zinc is highly toxic in parrots and poisoning can often be fatal. The consumption of fruit juices stored in galvanized cans has resulted in mass parrot poisonings with zinc.

Q1: What are dogs known to ingest?
A1: Pennies
Q2: What does the zinc coins ingested by dogs cause?
A2: zinc toxicity
Q3: In what animal is zinc toxic to the point of poisonous?
A3: parrots
Q4: What has been a cause of mass parrot poisonings attributed to zinc?
A4: juices stored in galvanized cans
Title: The_Bronx
Topic: Geography and places

Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; Robert De Niro was one of the patients who emerged from a catatonic (frozen) state. The home of Williams' character was shot not far from Sacks' actual City Island residence. A 1973 Yorkshire Television documentary and "A Kind of Alaska", a 1985 play by Harold Pinter, were also based on Sacks' book.

Q1: When did "Awakenings" come out?
A1: 1990
Q2: Whose real story is 'Awakenings' based on?
A2: Oliver Sacks
Q3: What is Sacks' career?
A3: neurologist
Q4: When was 'A Kind of Alaska' performed?
A4: 1985
Q5: Who wrote 'A Kind of Alaska'?
A5: Harold Pinter
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Pentecostalism eventually spawned hundreds of new denominations, including large groups such as the Assemblies of God and the Church of God in Christ, both in the United States and elsewhere. There are over 279 million Pentecostals worldwide, and the movement is growing in many parts of the world, especially the global South. Since the 1960s, Pentecostalism has increasingly gained acceptance from other Christian traditions, and Pentecostal beliefs concerning Spirit baptism and spiritual gifts have been embraced by non-Pentecostal Christians in Protestant and Catholic churches through the Charismatic Movement. Together, Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity numbers over 500 million adherents.

Q1: How many denominations were spawned by Pentecostalism?
A1: hundreds
Q2: How many Pentecostals are there in the world?
A2: over 279 million
Q3: What movement has caused non-Pentecostal churches to accept some Pentecostal beliefs?
A3: Charismatic
Q4: Who can claim over 500 million members?
A4: Pentecostal and Charismatic Christianity
Q5: Where is Pentecostalism currently growing the most?
A5: the global South
Title: Portugal
Topic: Geography and places

People are usually well informed about their health status, the positive and negative effects of their behaviour on their health and their use of health care services. Yet their perceptions of their health can differ from what administrative and examination-based data show about levels of illness within populations. Thus, survey results based on self-reporting at the household level complement other data on health status and the use of services. Only one third of adults rated their health as good or very good in Portugal (Kasmel et al., 2004). This is the lowest of the Eur-A countries reporting and reflects the relatively adverse situation of the country in terms of mortality and selected morbidity.

Q1: What survey results complement on data on health status?
A1: self-reporting at the household level
Q2: What number of Portuguese adults rated their health as good or very good?
A2: one third
Title: Asphalt
Topic: Natural sciences

People can be exposed to asphalt in the workplace by breathing in fumes or skin absorption. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a Recommended exposure limit (REL) of 5 mg/m3 over a 15-minute period. Asphalt is basically an inert material that must be heated or diluted to a point where it becomes workable for the production of materials for paving, roofing, and other applications. In examining the potential health hazards associated with asphalt, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) determined that it is the application parameters, predominantly temperature, that effect occupational exposure and the potential bioavailable carcinogenic hazard/risk of the asphalt emissions. In particular, temperatures greater than 199 °C (390 °F), were shown to produce a greater exposure risk than when asphalt was heated to lower temperatures, such as those typically used in asphalt pavement mix production and placement.

Q1: By what means can humans be exposed to bitumen?
A1: fumes or skin
Q2: What is the nationally set limit for exposure of asphalt in a 15 minute period?
A2: 5 mg/m3
Q3: How must asphalt be treated to be workable?
A3: heated or diluted
Q4: At what temperatures is heated asphalt seen to be a greater health risk?
A4: greater than 199 °C
Q5: What feature in the treatment of asphalt in the workplace causes the most potential danger?
A5: temperature
Title: Plymouth
Topic: History

People from Plymouth are known as Plymothians or less formally as Janners. Its meaning is described as a person from Devon, deriving from Cousin Jan (the Devon form of John), but more particularly in naval circles anyone from the Plymouth area.

Q1: What are Plymouth residents commonly called?
A1: Plymothians
Q2: What colloquial term is used for Plymouth residents?
A2: Janners
Q3: After what figure are Janners named?
A3: Cousin Jan
Q4: In Devon, Jan is another way of saying what common English name?
A4: John
Title: Wood
Topic: Natural sciences

People have used wood for millennia for many purposes, primarily as a fuel or as a construction material for making houses, tools, weapons, furniture, packaging, artworks, and paper. The year-to-year variation in tree-ring widths and isotopic abundances gives clues to the prevailing climate at that time.

Q1: What has been the primary purpose of wood for millennia other than fuel?
A1: construction material
Q2: What is often made of wood that provides shelter to people?
A2: houses
Q3: For clues about the climate of a place, we can look at variation in isotopic abundances or what other thing?
A3: tree-ring widths
Q4: What could be made out of wood that could be used to fight off attackers?
A4: weapons
Q5: What category of items often constructed from wood does a chair belong to?
A5: furniture
Title: Sahara
Topic: Geography and places

People lived on the edge of the desert thousands of years ago since the last ice age. The Sahara was then a much wetter place than it is today. Over 30,000 petroglyphs of river animals such as crocodiles survive, with half found in the Tassili n'Ajjer in southeast Algeria. Fossils of dinosaurs, including Afrovenator, Jobaria and Ouranosaurus, have also been found here. The modern Sahara, though, is not lush in vegetation, except in the Nile Valley, at a few oases, and in the northern highlands, where Mediterranean plants such as the olive tree are found to grow. It was long believed that the region had been this way since about 1600 BCE, after shifts in the Earth's axis increased temperatures and decreased precipitation. However, this theory has recently been called into dispute, when samples taken from several 7 million year old sand deposits led scientists to reconsider the timeline for desertification.

Q1: When did people start living on the edge of the desert?
A1: ice age
Q2: How many river animals were thought to be found during   the ice age era?
A2: Over 30,000 petroglyphs
Q3: What area of the Sahara is full of vegetation?
A3: the Nile Valley
Q4: What is believed to have increased temperatures in the   Sahara?
A4: shifts in the Earth's axis
Title: Ashkenazi_Jews
Topic: History

People of Ashkenazi descent constitute around 47.5% of Israeli Jews (and therefore 35–36% of Israelis). They have played a prominent role in the economy, media, and politics of Israel since its founding. During the first decades of Israel as a state, strong cultural conflict occurred between Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews (mainly east European Ashkenazim). The roots of this conflict, which still exists to a much smaller extent in present-day Israeli society, are chiefly attributed to the concept of the "melting pot". That is to say, all Jewish immigrants who arrived in Israel were strongly encouraged to "melt down" their own particular exilic identities within the general social "pot" in order to become Israeli.

Q1: What percentage of Israeli Jews are people of Ashkenazi descent?
A1: 47.5%
Q2: When Israel was in its infancy as a state, there were cultural conflicts between which two groups?
A2: Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews
Q3: What was the conflict between Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews attributed to?
A3: the concept of the "melting pot"
Q4: What percentage of all Israelis are thought to be of Ashkenazi descent?
A4: 35–36%
Q5: When Israel was in its infancy as a state, the Ashkenazi Jews involved in conflicts with Sephardic Jews were mainly what type of Jews?
A5: east European Ashkenazim
Title: Germans
Topic: Language and literature

People of German origin are found in various places around the globe. United States is home to approximately 50 million German Americans or one third of the German diaspora, making it the largest centre of German-descended people outside Germany. Brazil is the second largest with 5 million people claiming German ancestry. Other significant centres are Canada, Argentina, South Africa and France each accounting for at least 1 million. While the exact number of German-descended people is difficult to calculate, the available data makes it safe to claim the number is exceeding 100 million people.

Q1: How many German Americans are there?
A1: 50 million
Q2: How many Germans live in Brazil?
A2: 5 million
Q3: How many people in the world have German heritage?
A3: 100 million
Q4: America is home to what percentage of German decedent people?
A4: one third
Title: Boston
Topic: Geography and places

People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian and Caribbean ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.0%, about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Over 27,000 Chinese Americans made their home in Boston city proper in 2013, and the city hosts a growing Chinatown accommodating heavily traveled Chinese-owned bus lines to and from Chinatown, Manhattan. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of people of Vietnamese ancestry in recent decades. Neighborhoods such as Jamaica Plain and Roslindale have experienced a growing number of Dominican Americans. The city and greater area also has a growing immigrant population of South Asians, including the tenth-largest Indian community in the country.

Q1: What people form the largest ethnic group in the city?
A1: People of Irish descent
Q2: What percentage of the city's population is Irish?
A2: 15.8%
Q3: What is the second largest ethnic group in the city?
A3: Italians
Q4: What percentage of the citys population is italian?
A4: 8.3%
Q5: How many Chinese Americans lived in Boston City proper in 2013?
A5: Over 27,000
Title: Hellenistic_period
Topic: History

People of all ages and social statuses were depicted in the art of the Hellenistic age. Artists such as Peiraikos chose mundane and lower class subjects for his paintings. According to Pliny, "He painted barbers' shops, cobblers' stalls, asses, eatables and similar subjects, earning for himself the name of rhyparographos [painter of dirt/low things]. In these subjects he could give consummate pleasure, selling them for more than other artists received for their large pictures" (Natural History, Book XXXV.112). Even barbarians, such as the Galatians, were depicted in heroic form, prefiguring the artistic theme of the noble savage. The image of Alexander the Great was also an important artistic theme, and all of the diadochi had themselves depicted imitating Alexander's youthful look. A number of the best-known works of Greek sculpture belong to the Hellenistic period, including Laocoön and his Sons, Venus de Milo, and the Winged Victory of Samothrace.

Q1: Which artist chose mundane and low class subjects?
A1: Peiraikos
Q2: Which barbarians were depicted in heroic form?
A2: Galatians
Q3: All of the diadochi painted themselves to look like what leader?
A3: Alexander the Great
Q4: Venus de Milo belongs to which period?
A4: Hellenistic
Title: Madrasa
Topic: Language and literature

People of all ages attend, and many often move on to becoming imams.[citation needed] The certificate of an ʻālim, for example, requires approximately twelve years of study.[citation needed] A good number of the ḥuffāẓ (plural of ḥāfiẓ) are the product of the madaris. The madaris also resemble colleges, where people take evening classes and reside in dormitories. An important function of the madaris is to admit orphans and poor children in order to provide them with education and training. Madaris may enroll female students; however, they study separately from the men.[citation needed]

Q1: What age groups are usually enrolled in madaris?
A1: all ages
Q2: How long does someone have to be enrolled in alim courses to earn a certificate or graduate?
A2: approximately twelve years
Q3: In what ways are madaris similar to western colleges?
A3: people take evening classes and reside in dormitories
Q4: Why do madaris extend enrollment to children of less fortunate circumstances?
A4: provide them with education and training
Q5: What is the format for co-education for women in madaris?
A5: they study separately from the men
Title: Pain
Topic: Language and literature

People with long-term pain frequently display psychological disturbance, with elevated scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory scales of hysteria, depression and hypochondriasis (the "neurotic triad"). Some investigators have argued that it is this neuroticism that causes acute pain to turn chronic, but clinical evidence points the other way, to chronic pain causing neuroticism. When long-term pain is relieved by therapeutic intervention, scores on the neurotic triad and anxiety fall, often to normal levels. Self-esteem, often low in chronic pain patients, also shows improvement once pain has resolved.

Q1: When people have long-term pain, what do they frequently display?
A1: psychological disturbance
Q2: What triad are the inventory scales of hysteria, depression and hypochondriasis classified as?
A2: neurotic
Q3: Clinical evidence indicates that neuroticism is caused by what?
A3: chronic pain
Q4: If long-term pain can be relieved by therapy, what does a person's neurotic triad score do?
A4: fall
Q5: What shows improvement in many patients once their pain has been resolved?
A5: Self-esteem
Title: Tuberculosis
Topic: Natural sciences

People with prolonged, frequent, or close contact with people with TB are at particularly high risk of becoming infected, with an estimated 22% infection rate. A person with active but untreated tuberculosis may infect 10–15 (or more) other people per year. Transmission should occur from only people with active TB – those with latent infection are not thought to be contagious. The probability of transmission from one person to another depends upon several factors, including the number of infectious droplets expelled by the carrier, the effectiveness of ventilation, the duration of exposure, the virulence of the M. tuberculosis strain, the level of immunity in the uninfected person, and others. The cascade of person-to-person spread can be circumvented by segregating those with active ("overt") TB and putting them on anti-TB drug regimens. After about two weeks of effective treatment, subjects with nonresistant active infections generally do not remain contagious to others. If someone does become infected, it typically takes three to four weeks before the newly infected person becomes infectious enough to transmit the disease to others.

Q1: If you're around someone with active TB, what's the chance you'll contract it expressed as a percentage?
A1: 22%
Q2: Left untreated, about how many people could contract tuberculosis from an active TB patient in a year?
A2: 10–15
Q3: About how long will a TB patient receiving effective treatment stay contagious?
A3: two weeks
Q4: If you contracted tuberculosis today, what's the estimated gestation period before you could spread the infection to others?
A4: three to four weeks
Q5: What term is interchangeable with "active" when talking about tuberculosis infection?
A5: overt
Title: MP3
Topic: Engineering and technology

Perceived quality can be influenced by listening environment (ambient noise), listener attention, and listener training and in most cases by listener audio equipment (such as sound cards, speakers and headphones).

Q1: A listening environment is also know by which term?
A1: ambient noise
Q2: Other than speakers and headphones, what other piece of equipment affects the listener's perceived quality?
A2: sound cards
Q3: Listening environment, listener attention, listener training and listener audio equipment can all affect what kind of quality?
A3: Perceived quality
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

Perceived sexual orientation may affect how a person is treated. For instance, in the United States, the FBI reported that 15.6% of hate crimes reported to police in 2004 were "because of a sexual-orientation bias". Under the UK Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003, as explained by Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service, "workers or job applicants must not be treated less favourably because of their sexual orientation, their perceived sexual orientation or because they associate with someone of a particular sexual orientation".

Q1: What can affect how a person is treated?
A1: Perceived sexual orientation
Q2: What percent of hate crimes did the FBI relate to sexual orientation bias?
A2: 15.6%
Q3: When was the UK emloyment eequality (sexual orientation) regulations law take effect?
A3: 2003,
Q4: Under this law what does this state that is required by employers?
A4: workers or job applicants must not be treated less favourably because of their sexual orientation
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

Performance of classical music repertoire requires a proficiency in sight-reading and ensemble playing, harmonic principles, strong ear training (to correct and adjust pitches by ear), knowledge of performance practice (e.g., Baroque ornamentation), and a familiarity with the style/musical idiom expected for a given composer or musical work (e.g., a Brahms symphony or a Mozart concerto).

Q1: Performance of classical music requires proficiency in what type of reading?
A1: sight-reading
Q2: Performance of classical music requires proficiency in what type of principles?
A2: harmonic
Q3: Familiarty with the style expected for any given composer is required for what kind of performance?
A3: classical music
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

Performers who have studied classical music extensively are said to be "classically trained". This training may be from private lessons from instrument or voice teachers or from completion of a formal program offered by a Conservatory, college or university, such as a B.mus. or M.mus. degree (which includes individual lessons from professors). In classical music, "...extensive formal music education and training, often to postgraduate [Master's degree] level" is required.

Q1: What have classical trained performers done extensively?
A1: studied classical music
Q2: What does a B.mus. or M.mus. degree include?
A2: individual lessons from professors
Q3: To what level is training for classical music often required?
A3: postgraduate
Title: Heresy
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Perhaps due to the many modern negative connotations associated with the term heretic, such as the Spanish inquisition, the term is used less often today. The subject of Christian heresy opens up broader questions as to who has a monopoly on spiritual truth, as explored by Jorge Luis Borges in the short story "The Theologians" within the compilation Labyrinths.

Q1: What event is stated as a reason why the word heretic is used less often in modern times?
A1: Spanish inquisition
Q2: Who was the author of the short story "The Theologians"?
A2: Jorge Luis Borges
Q3: What subject does the question of who has a monopoly on spiritual truth regard?
A3: Christian heresy
Title: Alfred_North_Whitehead
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Perhaps foremost among what Whitehead considered faulty metaphysical assumptions was the Cartesian idea that reality is fundamentally constructed of bits of matter that exist totally independently of one another, which he rejected in favor of an event-based or "process" ontology in which events are primary and are fundamentally interrelated and dependent on one another. He also argued that the most basic elements of reality can all be regarded as experiential, indeed that everything is constituted by its experience. He used the term "experience" very broadly, so that even inanimate processes such as electron collisions are said to manifest some degree of experience. In this, he went against Descartes' separation of two different kinds of real existence, either exclusively material or else exclusively mental. Whitehead referred to his metaphysical system as "philosophy of organism", but it would become known more widely as "process philosophy."

Q1: What idea states that reality is fundamentally constructed of bits of matter?
A1: Cartesian idea
Q2: Whitehead rejected the Cartesian idea in favor of what?
A2: an event-based or "process" ontology
Q3: Whitehead believed instead of matter existing independently of each other, it did what?
A3: interrelated and dependent
Q4: Whitehead believed that reality should be regarded as what?
A4: experiential
Q5: Whitehead's system as "philosophy of organism" became widely known as what term?
A5: process philosophy
Q6: What Cartesian concept did Whitehead believe to be erroneous?
A6: reality is fundamentally constructed of bits of matter that exist totally independently of one another
Q7: What theory did Whitehead prefer to the Cartesian concept?
A7: event-based or "process" ontology in which events are primary and are fundamentally interrelated and dependent on one another
Q8: How did whitehead define "experience"?
A8: He used the term "experience" very broadly, so that even inanimate processes such as electron collisions are said to manifest some degree of experience
Q9: How did Descartes' distinguish types of existence?
A9: two different kinds of real existence, either exclusively material or else exclusively mental
Q10: How did Whitehead identify his system of metaphysics?
A10: "philosophy of organism"
Title: Tucson,_Arizona
Topic: Geography and places

Perhaps the biggest sustainability problem in Tucson, with its high desert climate, is potable water supply. The state manages all water in Arizona through its Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR). The primary consumer of water is Agriculture (including golf courses), which consumes about 69% of all water. Municipal (which includes residential use) accounts for about 25% of use. Energy consumption and availability is another sustainability issue. However, with over 300 days of full sun a year, Tucson has demonstrated its potential to be an ideal solar energy producer.

Q1: How is most of Tucson's water used?
A1: Agriculture (including golf courses)
Q2: How much of Tucson's water is used on agriculture?
A2: 69%
Q3: How much of Tucson's water is used on residential/city use?
A3: 25%
Q4: How many days of full sun does Tucson get each year?
A4: over 300
Q5: What agency manages Tucson's water?
A5: Arizona Department of Water Resources
Title: Electric_motor
Topic: Engineering and technology

Perhaps the first electric motors were simple electrostatic devices created by the Scottish monk Andrew Gordon in the 1740s. The theoretical principle behind production of mechanical force by the interactions of an electric current and a magnetic field, Ampère's force law, was discovered later by André-Marie Ampère in 1820. The conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy by electromagnetic means was demonstrated by the British scientist Michael Faraday in 1821. A free-hanging wire was dipped into a pool of mercury, on which a permanent magnet (PM) was placed. When a current was passed through the wire, the wire rotated around the magnet, showing that the current gave rise to a close circular magnetic field around the wire. This motor is often demonstrated in physics experiments, brine substituting for toxic mercury. Though Barlow's wheel was an early refinement to this Faraday demonstration, these and similar homopolar motors were to remain unsuited to practical application until late in the century.

Q1: Who created the first electrostatic device?
A1: Andrew Gordon
Q2: Who discovered the principles of magnetic and electric interactions?
A2: André-Marie Ampère
Q3: In what year did Faraday convert electrical energy into mechanical energy?
A3: 1821
Q4: What toxic substance originally served the function of brine in primitive motors?
A4: mercury
Title: Police
Topic: Social sciences and society

Perhaps the greatest question regarding the future development of transnational policing is: in whose interest is it? At a more practical level, the question translates into one about how to make transnational policing institutions democratically accountable (Sheptycki, 2004). For example, according to the Global Accountability Report for 2007 (Lloyd, et al. 2007) Interpol had the lowest scores in its category (IGOs), coming in tenth with a score of 22% on overall accountability capabilities (p. 19). As this report points out, and the existing academic literature on transnational policing seems to confirm, this is a secretive area and one not open to civil society involvement.

Q1: Who wrote the Global Accountability Report for 2007?
A1: Lloyd, et al.
Q2: What is the least-accountable IGO?
A2: Interpol
Q3: How accountable is Interpol?
A3: 22%
Q4: Why is transnational policing so unaccountable?
A4: this is a secretive area and one not open to civil society involvement
Title: Estonia
Topic: Geography and places

Perhaps the most famous raid by Oeselian pirates occurred in 1187, with the attack on the Swedish town of Sigtuna by Finnic raiders from Couronia and Oesel. Among the casualties of this raid was the Swedish archbishop Johannes. The city remained occupied for some time, contributing to its decline as a center of commerce in the 13th century and the rise of Uppsala, Visby, Kalmar and Stockholm. The Livonian Chronicle describes the Oeselians as using two kinds of ships, the piratica and the liburna. The former was a warship, the latter mainly a merchant ship. A piratica could carry approximately 30 men and had a high prow shaped like a dragon or a snakehead and a rectangular sail. Viking-age treasures from Estonia mostly contain silver coins and bars. Saaremaa has the richest finds of Viking treasures after Gotland in Sweden. This strongly suggests that Estonia was an important transit country during the Viking era.

Q1: What year did the Oeselian pirates carry out a famous raid?
A1: 1187
Q2: Who did the Oeselian pirates atack?
A2: the Swedish town of Sigtuna
Q3: What important figure was killed in the raid?
A3: Swedish archbishop Johannes
Q4: What two ships were used by the Oeselian pirates?
A4: the piratica and the liburna
Q5: What type of ship was the liburna?
A5: merchant ship
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

Perhaps the most prominent, controversial and far-reaching theory in all of science has been the theory of evolution by natural selection put forward by the British naturalist Charles Darwin in his book On the Origin of Species in 1859. Darwin proposed that the features of all living things, including humans, were shaped by natural processes over long periods of time. The theory of evolution in its current form affects almost all areas of biology. Implications of evolution on fields outside of pure science have led to both opposition and support from different parts of society, and profoundly influenced the popular understanding of "man's place in the universe". In the early 20th century, the study of heredity became a major investigation after the rediscovery in 1900 of the laws of inheritance developed by the Moravian monk Gregor Mendel in 1866. Mendel's laws provided the beginnings of the study of genetics, which became a major field of research for both scientific and industrial research. By 1953, James D. Watson, Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins clarified the basic structure of DNA, the genetic material for expressing life in all its forms. In the late 20th century, the possibilities of genetic engineering became practical for the first time, and a massive international effort began in 1990 to map out an entire human genome (the Human Genome Project).

Q1: Which scientist championed the idea of evolution?
A1: Charles Darwin
Q2: What was the name of the book that Darwin wrote about evolution?
A2: On the Origin of Species
Q3: What was the reception of Darwin's ideas about evolution?
A3: both opposition and support from different parts of society
Q4: Who rediscovered the laws of inheritance?
A4: Moravian monk Gregor Mendel
Q5: What was the major break through for the study of genetics?
A5: the basic structure of DNA
Title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Perhaps, his most notable letter was his Festal Letter, written to his Church in Alexandria when he was in exile, as he could not be in their presence. This letter shows clearly his stand that accepting Jesus is the Divine Son of God is not optional but necessary; "I know moreover that not only this thing saddens you, but also the fact that while others have obtained the churches by violence, you are meanwhile cast out from your places. For they hold the places, but you the Apostolic Faith. They are, it is true, in the places, but outside of the true Faith; while you are outside the places indeed, but the Faith, within you. Let us consider whether is the greater, the place or the Faith. Clearly the true Faith. Who then has lost more, or who possesses more? He who holds the place, or he who holds the Faith?

Q1: Did Athanasius feel that it was important to believe that Jesus was the Son of God?
A1: not optional but necessary
Q2: Did his place more value on his Faith or where he was living?
A2: the true Faith
Q3: Did he think that the people that had exiled him were true believers?
A3: outside of the true Faith
Q4: Where did Athanasius think Faith resides?
A4: within you
Q5: Who was the Festal Letter written for?
A5: his Church in Alexandria
Title: Sumer
Topic: History

Periodically "clean slate" decrees were signed by rulers which cancelled all the rural (but not commercial) debt and allowed bondservants to return to their homes. Customarily rulers did it at the beginning of the first full year of their reign, but they could also be proclaimed at times of military conflict or crop failure. The first known ones were made by Enmetena and Urukagina of Lagash in 2400-2350 BC. According to Hudson, the purpose of these decrees was to prevent debts mounting to a degree that they threatened fighting force which could happen if peasants lost the subsistence land or became bondservants due to the inability to repay the debt.

Q1: What type of debt did "clean slate" decrees cancel?
A1: rural
Q2: When did rulers typically proclaim "clean slate" decrees?
A2: the first full year of their reign
Q3: Who made the first known clean slate decrees?
A3: Enmetena and Urukagina
Q4: Why were the clean slate decrees useful to the rulers of Sumer?
A4: to prevent debts mounting to a degree that they threatened fighting force
Q5: What would happen if peasants couldn't repay their debts?
A5: lost the subsistence land or became bondservants
Title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake
Topic: Natural sciences

Persistent heavy rain and landslides in Wenchuan County and the nearby area badly affected rescue efforts. At the start of rescue operations on May 12, 20 helicopters were deployed for the delivery of food, water, and emergency aid, and also the evacuation of the injured and reconnaissance of quake-stricken areas. By 17:37 CST on May 13, a total of over 15,600 troops and militia reservists from the Chengdu Military Region had joined the rescue force in the heavily affected areas. A commander reported from Yingxiu Town, Wenchuan, that around 3,000 survivors were found, while the status of the other inhabitants (around 9,000) remained unclear. The 1,300 rescuers reached the epicenter, and 300 pioneer troops reached the seat of Wenchuan at about 23:30 CST. By 12:17 CST, May 14, 2008, communication in the seat of Wenchuan was partly revived. On the afternoon of May 14, 15 Special Operations Troops, along with relief supplies and communications gear, parachuted into inaccessible Mao County, northeast of Wenchuan.

Q1: What natural disasters were occurring in Wenchuan County?
A1: landslides
Q2: How many helicopters were deployed?
A2: 20
Q3: How many militia reservists joined in on rescue efforts?
A3: 15,600
Q4: How many survivors were found?
A4: around 3,000
Q5: How many troops parachuted into Mao County?
A5: 15
Q6: What were the biggest difficulties in reaching affected areas?
A6: heavy rain and landslides
Q7: How many helicopters were sent to deliver aid to the affected areas?
A7: 20
Q8: By May 13, how many troops had been added to the rescue efforts?
A8: 15,600
Q9: How people were reported to be survivors in Yingxiu Town?
A9: around 3,000
Q10: How many persons were still unaccounted for in Yingxiu?
A10: around 9,000
Title: Infection
Topic: Natural sciences

Persistent infections occur because the body is unable to clear the organism after the initial infection. Persistent infections are characterized by the continual presence of the infectious organism, often as latent infection with occasional recurrent relapses of active infection. There are some viruses that can maintain a persistent infection by infecting different cells of the body. Some viruses once acquired never leave the body. A typical example is the herpes virus, which tends to hide in nerves and become reactivated when specific circumstances arise.

Q1: Why do persistent infections occur?
A1: body is unable to clear the organism after the initial infection
Q2: What are persistent infections characterized by the continual presence of?
A2: the infectious organism
Q3: How can some viruses main a persistent infection?
A3: by infecting different cells of the body
Q4: What never leave the body when acquired?
A4: Some viruses
Q5: Where does the herpes virus hide?
A5: in nerves
Title: United_States_Air_Force
Topic: Warfare

Personnel Recovery (PR) is defined as "the sum of military, diplomatic, and civil efforts to prepare for and execute the recovery and reintegration of isolated personnel" (JP 1-02). It is the ability of the US government and its international partners to effect the recovery of isolated personnel across the ROMO and return those personnel to duty. PR also enhances the development of an effective, global capacity to protect and recover isolated personnel wherever they are placed at risk; deny an adversary's ability to exploit a nation through propaganda; and develop joint, interagency, and international capabilities that contribute to crisis response and regional stability.

Q1: What does the abbreviation PR stand for in terms of the US military?
A1: Personnel Recovery
Q2: What is the definition of a Personnel Recovery mission? 
A2: military, diplomatic, and civil efforts to prepare for and execute the recovery and reintegration of isolated personnel
Q3: What is one of the ways that PR uses its capabilities in a crisis? 
A3: deny an adversary's ability to exploit a nation through propaganda
Q4: What are the types of international duties of the PR mission? 
A4: crisis response and regional stability
Title: Germans
Topic: Language and literature

Persons who speak German as their first language, look German and whose families have lived in Germany for generations are considered "most German", followed by categories of diminishing Germanness such as Aussiedler (people of German ancestry whose families have lived in Eastern Europe but who have returned to Germany), Restdeutsche (people living in lands that have historically belonged to Germany but which is currently outside of Germany), Auswanderer (people whose families have emigrated from Germany and who still speak German), German speakers in German-speaking nations such as Austrians, and finally people of German emigrant background who no longer speak German.

Q1: Residence that speak German as their mother tongue and  families have been in place for generations are often consider?
A1: most German
Q2: What is the name given to Germans who family left but came back to the lands?
A2: Aussiedler
Q3: What is the name of  gven to the population that lives outside of current Germany boundary but still within historic Germany?
A3: Restdeutsche
Q4: What are refugees from Germany that still speak German referred to?
A4: Auswanderer
Q5: People who have generations of family in Germany, and look and speak German are classified as what?
A5: most German
Q6: Who are people of German ancestry but have lived in other parts of Europe, then returned to Germany?
A6: Aussiedler
Q7: What are people who have ancestral roots in Germany, but now live outside of Germany called?
A7: Restdeutsche
Q8: What are people called who have left Germany but still speak German?
A8: Auswanderer
Title: Emotion
Topic: Natural sciences

Perspectives on emotions from evolutionary theory were initiated in the late 19th century with Charles Darwin's book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Darwin argued that emotions actually served a purpose for humans, in communication and also in aiding their survival. Darwin, therefore, argued that emotions evolved via natural selection and therefore have universal cross-cultural counterparts. Darwin also detailed the virtues of experiencing emotions and the parallel experiences that occur in animals. This led the way for animal research on emotions and the eventual determination of the neural underpinnings of emotion.

Q1: What was the name of the book that Darwin wrote on emotions?
A1: The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
Q2: Along with survival, what did Darwin see as the role of emotions in humans?
A2: communication
Q3: Through what process did Darwin believe emotions developed?
A3: natural selection
Q4: In what century did Darwin write?
A4: 19th
Title: Carnival
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Peruvian Carnival incorporates elements of violence and reflects the urban violence in Peruvian society following the internal conflict in Peru. Traditionally, Peruvian Andean festivities were held on this period every year because it is the rainy season. It was already violent during the 19th century, but the government limited the practice. During the early 20th century it consisted partying and parading, while in the second half of the 20th century it acquired violent characteristics that continued. It was banned, first from the streets in 1958 and altogether in 1959 by the Prado government. It consisted basically of water battles in a traditional way,[clarification needed] while in later years it included playing with dirty water, mud, oil and colorants -and also including fighting and sometimes looting private property and sexual assaults on women. It has become an excuse for criminal gangs to rob people while pretending to celebrate. As of 2010, it had become so violent that the government imposed penalties of up to eight years in prison for violence during the games (the games themselves are not forbidden, but using violence during the games or coercing others to participate is).

Q1: What does the Peruvian Carnival incorporate elements of?
A1: violence
Q2: Why are the festivals in Peru held when they are?
A2: because it is the rainy season
Q3: When did the festivities acquire their violent tendencies?
A3: second half of the 20th century
Q4: What is an element of Peruvian's Carnival not found in any other country's celebrations?
A4: sexual assaults on women
Q5: How many years in prison can someone expect for being violent during the fun and games?
A5: eight
Title: Pesticide
Topic: Natural sciences

Pesticide use raises a number of environmental concerns. Over 98% of sprayed insecticides and 95% of herbicides reach a destination other than their target species, including non-target species, air, water and soil. Pesticide drift occurs when pesticides suspended in the air as particles are carried by wind to other areas, potentially contaminating them. Pesticides are one of the causes of water pollution, and some pesticides are persistent organic pollutants and contribute to soil contamination.

Q1: What pecentage of sprayed pesticides affect the wrong species?
A1: Over 98%
Q2: What is affected when pesticides don't reach their target?
A2: non-target species, air, water and soil
Q3: What is it called when pesticides are caught in the wind and carried to unintended areas?
A3: Pesticide drift
Q4: Pesticides contribute to what sort of pollution?
A4: water pollution
Q5: What is the effect of pesticide drift?
A5: potentially contaminating
Title: Pesticide
Topic: Natural sciences

Pesticides are often referred to according to the type of pest they control. Pesticides can also be considered as either biodegradable pesticides, which will be broken down by microbes and other living beings into harmless compounds, or persistent pesticides, which may take months or years before they are broken down: it was the persistence of DDT, for example, which led to its accumulation in the food chain and its killing of birds of prey at the top of the food chain. Another way to think about pesticides is to consider those that are chemical pesticides or are derived from a common source or production method.

Q1: What is one type of pesticide?
A1: biodegradable
Q2: How long may it take for persistent pesticides to be broken down?
A2: months or years
Q3: What quality caused DDT to build up in various organisms?
A3: persistence
Q4: What is one way to classify pesticides?
A4: type of pest they control
Title: Pesticide
Topic: Natural sciences

Pesticides are substances meant for attracting, seducing, and then destroying any pest. They are a class of biocide. The most common use of pesticides is as plant protection products (also known as crop protection products), which in general protect plants from damaging influences such as weeds, fungi, or insects. This use of pesticides is so common that the term pesticide is often treated as synonymous with plant protection product, although it is in fact a broader term, as pesticides are also used for non-agricultural purposes. The term pesticide includes all of the following: herbicide, insecticide, insect growth regulator, nematicide, termiticide, molluscicide, piscicide, avicide, rodenticide, predacide, bactericide, insect repellent, animal repellent, antimicrobial, fungicide, disinfectant (antimicrobial), and sanitizer.

Q1: What is the difference between a pesticide and a plant protection product?
A1: pesticides are also used for non-agricultural purposes
Q2: What is the purpose of a pesticide?
A2: Pesticides are substances meant for attracting, seducing, and then destroying any pest
Q3: What are pesticides most commonly used for?
A3: The most common use of pesticides is as plant protection products
Q4: What can pesticides protect plants from?
A4: protect plants from damaging influences such as weeds, fungi, or insects
Q5: What item commonly used in hospitals, schools and offices is a pesticide?
A5: sanitizer