LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Qing_dynasty
Topic: History

The formal structure of the Qing government centered on the Emperor as the absolute ruler, who presided over six Boards (Ministries[c]), each headed by two presidents[d] and assisted by four vice presidents.[e] In contrast to the Ming system, however, Qing ethnic policy dictated that appointments were split between Manchu noblemen and Han officials who had passed the highest levels of the state examinations. The Grand Secretariat,[f] which had been an important policy-making body under the Ming, lost its importance during the Qing and evolved into an imperial chancery. The institutions which had been inherited from the Ming formed the core of the Qing "Outer Court," which handled routine matters and was located in the southern part of the Forbidden City.

Q1: Who was the main leader of the Qing?
A1: Emperor
Q2: Which ethnicities made up the Qing government?
A2: Manchu noblemen and Han officials
Q3: What happened to the Grand Secretariat?
A3: evolved into an imperial chancery
Title: Adolescence
Topic: Natural sciences

The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's "Adolescence in 1904." Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them.

Q1: Who was the first president of the American Psychological Association?
A1: G. Stanley Hall
Q2: What was the title of the publication that started the formal study of adolescent psychology?
A2: Adolescence in 1904
Q3: From the '50s to the '80s, was the field's focus devoted to describing patterns of behavior or explaining them?
A3: describing
Q4: Which theorist is known for his beliefs on evolution?
A4: Darwin
Title: Literature
Topic: Language and literature

The formalist definition is that the history of "literature" foregrounds poetic effects; it is the "literariness" or "poeticity" of literature that distinguishes it from ordinary speech or other kinds of writing (e.g., journalism). Jim Meyer considers this a useful characteristic in explaining the use of the term to mean published material in a particular field (e.g., "scientific literature"), as such writing must use language according to particular standards. The problem with the formalist definition is that in order to say that literature deviates from ordinary uses of language, those uses must first be identified; this is difficult because "ordinary language" is an unstable category, differing according to social categories and across history.

Q1: A definition of literature that incorporates style and the poetic nature of prose is what?
A1: formalist
Q2: What is one example of writing that the formalist definition distinguishes literature from?
A2: journalism
Q3: What element of the formalist definition makes it difficult to apply?
A3: "ordinary language"
Q4: What part of ordinary language makes it difficult to apply the formalist definition?
A4: an unstable category, differing according to social categories and across history
Q5: The formalist definition when applied to industry writing allows it to be called literature when it does what?
A5: must use language according to particular standards
Title: LaserDisc
Topic: Engineering and technology

The format also became quite popular in Hong Kong during the 1990s before the introduction of VCDs and DVD; although people rarely bought the discs (because each LD was priced around USD100), high rental activity helped the video rental business in the city grow larger than it had ever been previously. Due to integration with the Japanese export market, NTSC LaserDiscs were used in the Hong Kong market, in contrast to the PAL standard used for broadcast (This anomaly also exists for DVD). This created a market for multi-system TVs and multi-system VCRs which could display or play both PAL and NTSC materials in addition to SECAM materials (which were never popular in Hong Kong). Some LD players could convert NTSC signals to PAL so that most TVs used in Hong Kong could display the LD materials.

Q1: How much did a LD cost in Hong Kong in the 1990s?
A1: USD100
Q2: Broadcast in Hong Kong used which standard formatting?
A2: PAL standard
Q3: In contrast to broadcast, which format did consumers use in Hong Kong?
A3: NTSC
Title: LaserDisc
Topic: Engineering and technology

The format's instant-access capability made it possible for a new breed of LaserDisc-based video arcade games and several companies saw potential in using LaserDiscs for video games in the 1980s and 1990s, beginning in 1983 with Sega's Astron Belt. American Laser Games and Cinematronics produced elaborate arcade consoles that used the random-access features to create interactive movies such as Dragon's Lair and Space Ace. Similarly, the Pioneer Laseractive and Halcyon were introduced as home video game consoles that used LaserDisc media for their software.

Q1: What quality made LDs a consideration for videogames in the 1980s and 1990s?
A1: instant-access capability
Q2: What was the first game to use LaserDiscs?
A2: Sega's Astron Belt
Q3: In what year was Sega's AStron Belt released?
A3: 1983
Title: Alps
Topic: Geography and places

The formation of the Alps (the Alpine orogeny) was an episodic process that began about 300 million years ago. In the Paleozoic Era the Pangaean supercontinent consisted of a single tectonic plate; it broke into separate plates during the Mesozoic Era and the Tethys sea developed between Laurasia and Gondwana during the Jurassic Period. The Tethys was later squeezed between colliding plates causing the formation of mountain ranges called the Alpide belt, from Gibraltar through the Himalayas to Indonesia—a process that began at the end of the Mesozoic and continues into the present. The formation of the Alps was a segment of this orogenic process, caused by the collision between the African and the Eurasian plates that began in the late Cretaceous Period.

Q1: When did the formation of the alps began?
A1: about 300 million years ago
Q2: What did the Pangaean supercontinent consisted of what during the Paleozoic Era?
A2: a single tectonic plate
Q3: When did the single tectonic plate break into separate plates?
A3: the Mesozoic Era
Q4: The Tethys sea developed during what period of time? 
A4: Jurassic Period
Q5: The collision between the African and the Eurasian plates began during what time? 
A5: the late Cretaceous Period
Title: Neptune
Topic: Natural sciences

The formation of the ice giants, Neptune and Uranus, has proven difficult to model precisely. Current models suggest that the matter density in the outer regions of the Solar System was too low to account for the formation of such large bodies from the traditionally accepted method of core accretion, and various hypotheses have been advanced to explain their formation. One is that the ice giants were not formed by core accretion but from instabilities within the original protoplanetary disc and later had their atmospheres blasted away by radiation from a nearby massive OB star.

Q1: What could have blasted Neptune and Uranus's atmosphere with radiation, aiding in creation? 
A1: nearby massive OB star
Q2: What is too low to account for the formation of Neptune?
A2: matter density
Q3: If Neptune was formed from instabilities within the original protoplanetary disc, what was it not formed by?
A3: core accretion
Title: Liberal_Party_of_Australia
Topic: History

The formation of the party was formally announced at Sydney Town Hall on 31 August 1945. It took the name "Liberal" in honour of the old Commonwealth Liberal Party. The new party was dominated by the remains of the old UAP; with few exceptions, the UAP party room became the Liberal party room. The Australian Women's National League, a powerful conservative women's organisation, also merged with the new party. A conservative youth group Menzies had set up, the Young Nationalists, was also merged into the new party. It became the nucleus of the Liberal Party's youth division, the Young Liberals. By September 1945 there were more than 90,000 members, many of whom had not previously been members of any political party.

Q1: Where was the formation of the Liberal party officially announced?
A1: Sydney Town Hall
Q2: Where did the name "Liberal" come from?
A2: in honour of the old Commonwealth Liberal Party
Q3: What was the name of the Liberal Party's youth division?
A3: Young Liberals
Q4: How many members were in the Young Liberals by Sept 1945?
A4: more than 90,000
Title: Chicago_Cubs
Topic: Sports and recreation

The former location in Mesa is actually the second HoHoKam Park; the first was built in 1976 as the spring-training home of the Oakland Athletics who left the park in 1979. Apart from HoHoKam Park and Sloan Park the Cubs also have another Mesa training facility called Fitch Park, this complex provides 25,000 square feet (2,300 m2) of team facilities, including major league clubhouse, four practice fields, one practice infield, enclosed batting tunnels, batting cages, a maintenance facility, and administrative offices for the Cubs.

Q1: Where was the former location in Mesa?
A1: the second HoHoKam Park
Q2: How many square feet does Fitch Park provide?
A2: 25,000 square feet
Q3: When was the spring training home of the Oakland Athletics built?
A3: 1976
Title: Switzerland
Topic: Geography and places

The former ten-year moratorium on the construction of new nuclear power plants was the result of a citizens' initiative voted on in 1990 which had passed with 54.5% Yes vs. 45.5% No votes. Plans for a new nuclear plant in the Canton of Bern have been put on hold after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant in 2011. The Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) is the office responsible for all questions relating to energy supply and energy use within the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications (DETEC). The agency is supporting the 2000-watt society initiative to cut the nation's energy use by more than half by the year 2050.

Q1: What was the former 10-year moratorium on the construction of nuclear plants the result of?
A1: a citizens' initiative
Q2: What accident caused the delay in plans for the new nuclear power plant in Bern?
A2: Fukushima Daiichi power plant in 2011
Q3: What does SFOE stand for?
A3: Swiss Federal Office of Energy
Q4: What does DETEC stand for?
A4: Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications
Q5: What is the 2000-watt society initiative designed to cut by more than half by 2050?
A5: the nation's energy use
Title: Human_Development_Index
Topic: Social sciences and society

The formula defining the HDI is promulgated by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). In general, to transform a raw variable, say , into a unit-free index between 0 and 1 (which allows different indices to be added together), the following formula is used:

Q1: What entity makes the defining formula for the HDI well-known?
A1: the United Nations Development Programme
Title: Utrecht
Topic: History

The fortified city temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht at the Old Hollandic Waterline. In 1674, only two years after the French left, the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado. The halt to building before construction of flying buttresses in the 15th century now proved to be the undoing of the central section of the cathedral of St Martin church which collapsed; creating the current Dom square between the tower and choir. In 1713, Utrecht hosted one of the first international peace negotiations when the Treaty of Utrecht settled the War of the Spanish Succession. Since 1723 Utrecht became the centre of the non-Roman Old Catholic Churches in the world.

Q1: Who did the fortified city fall to in 1672 
A1: temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht
Q2: In 1674 what hit Utrecht 
A2: the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado
Q3: What collapsed during the tornado 
A3: The halt to building before construction of flying buttresses in the 15th century now proved to be the undoing of the central section of the cathedral
Q4: What did Utrecht host in 1713 
A4: In 1713, Utrecht hosted one of the first international peace negotiations when the Treaty of Utrecht settled the War of the Spanish Succession
Q5: Since 1723 what has Utrecht become 
A5: Utrecht became the centre of the non-Roman Old Catholic Churches in the world
Title: Bird
Topic: Natural sciences

The fossil record indicates that birds are the last surviving dinosaurs, having evolved from feathered ancestors within the theropod group of saurischian dinosaurs. True birds first appeared during the Cretaceous period, around 100 million years ago. DNA-based evidence finds that birds diversified dramatically around the time of the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event that killed off all other dinosaurs. Birds in South America survived this event and then migrated to other parts of the world via multiple land bridges while diversifying during periods of global cooling. Primitive bird-like dinosaurs that lie outside class Aves proper, in the broader group Avialae, have been found dating back to the mid-Jurassic period. Many of these early "stem-birds", such as Archaeopteryx, were not yet capable of fully powered flight, and many retained primitive characteristics like toothy jaws in place of beaks, and long bony tails.

Q1: What are the last surviving dinosaurs, according o the fossil record?
A1: birds
Q2: When did true birds first appear?
A2: Cretaceous period
Q3: Name an example of an early stem-bird.
A3: Archaeopteryx
Title: Biodiversity
Topic: Natural sciences

The fossil record suggests that the last few million years featured the greatest biodiversity in history. However, not all scientists support this view, since there is uncertainty as to how strongly the fossil record is biased by the greater availability and preservation of recent geologic sections. Some scientists believe that corrected for sampling artifacts, modern biodiversity may not be much different from biodiversity 300 million years ago., whereas others consider the fossil record reasonably reflective of the diversification of life. Estimates of the present global macroscopic species diversity vary from 2 million to 100 million, with a best estimate of somewhere near 9 million, the vast majority arthropods. Diversity appears to increase continually in the absence of natural selection.

Q1: What suggests that the last few million years featured the greatest biodiversity in history?
A1: The fossil record
Q2: Why are some scientists uncertain about the fossil record?
A2: how strongly the fossil record is biased by the greater availability and preservation of recent geologic sections.
Q3: What is the estimate variation of the present global macroscopic species diversity?
A3: from 2 million to 100 million
Q4: What appears increase continually in the absence of natural selection?
A4: Diversity
Title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation
Topic: Social sciences and society

The foundation explains on its website that its trustees divided the organization into two entities: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (foundation) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust (trust). The foundation section, based in Seattle, US, "focuses on improving health and alleviating extreme poverty," and its trustees are Bill and Melinda Gates and Warren Buffett. The trust section manages "the investment assets and transfer proceeds to the foundation as necessary to achieve the foundation's charitable goals"—it holds the assets of Bill and Melinda Gates, who are the sole trustees, and receives contributions from Buffett.

Q1: What two entities was the foundation divided into 
A1: trustees divided the organization into two entities: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (foundation) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust
Q2: What does the foundation entity focus on
A2: The foundation section, based in Seattle, US, "focuses on improving health and alleviating extreme poverty
Q3: What does the Trust entity focus on 
A3: The trust section manages "the investment assets and transfer proceeds to the foundation as necessary to achieve the foundation's charitable goals
Q4: What is held in the trust entity 
A4: it holds the assets of Bill and Melinda Gates, who are the sole trustees, and receives contributions from Buffett
Title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation
Topic: Social sciences and society

The foundation has donated billions of dollars to help sufferers of AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria, protecting millions of children from death at the hands of preventable diseases. However, a 2007 investigation by The Los Angeles Times claimed there are three major unintended consequences with the foundation's allocation of aid. First, sub-Saharan Africa already suffered from a shortage of primary doctors before the arrival of the Gates Foundation, but "by pouring most contributions into the fight against such high-profile killers as AIDS, Gates grantees have increased the demand for specially trained, higher-paid clinicians, diverting staff from basic care" in sub-Saharan Africa. This "brain drain" adds to the existing doctor shortage and pulls away additional trained staff from children and those suffering from other common killers. Second, "the focus on a few diseases has shortchanged basic needs such as nutrition and transportation". Third, "Gates-funded vaccination programs have instructed caregivers to ignore – even discourage patients from discussing – ailments that the vaccinations cannot prevent".

Q1: The foundation has donated billions to sufferers of 
A1: The foundation has donated billions of dollars to help sufferers of AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria
Q2: How many children were protected from death 
A2: protecting millions of children from death at the hands of preventable diseases
Q3: What are some consequences of the investments 
A3: Gates grantees have increased the demand for specially trained, higher-paid clinicians, diverting staff from basic care" in sub-Saharan Africa
Q4: What has the focus on a few diseases caused 
A4: "the focus on a few diseases has shortchanged basic needs such as nutrition and transportation
Q5: Vaccinations programs encouraged what 
A5: discourage patients from discussing – ailments that the vaccinations cannot prevent".
Title: Northwestern_University
Topic: History

The foundation of Northwestern University is traceable to a meeting on May 31, 1850 of nine prominent Chicago businessmen, Methodist leaders and attorneys who had formed the idea of establishing a university to serve what had once been known as the Northwest Territory. On January 28, 1851, the Illinois General Assembly granted a charter to the Trustees of the North-Western University, making it the first chartered university in Illinois. The school's nine founders, all of whom were Methodists (three of them ministers), knelt in prayer and worship before launching their first organizational meeting. Although they affiliated the university with the Methodist Episcopal Church, they were committed to non-sectarian admissions, believing that Northwestern should serve all people in the newly developing territory.

Q1: In what environment was the foundation for Northwestern University planned on May 31, 1850?
A1: a meeting
Q2: Who granted a charter to the Trustees of the North-Western University in January of 1851?
A2: the Illinois General Assembly
Q3: What was the religious affiliation of all 9 founding members of Northwestern?
A3: Methodists
Q4: How many of Northwestern's 9 founders were ministers?
A4: three
Q5: Which church did the 9 founders of Northwestern affiliate the university with?
A5: Methodist Episcopal
Title: New_Delhi
Topic: Geography and places

The foundation stone of the city was laid by George V, Emperor of India during the Delhi Durbar of 1911. It was designed by British architects, Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker. The new capital was inaugurated on 13 February 1931, by India's Viceroy Lord Irwin.

Q1: In what year was the foundation stone of New Delhi laid?
A1: 1911
Q2: Who designed the foundation stone of the city of New Delhi?
A2: Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker
Q3: On what date was New Delhi inaugurated?
A3: 13 February 1931
Q4: Who inaugurated the city of New Delhi?
A4: Viceroy Lord Irwin
Title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation
Topic: Social sciences and society

The foundation trust invests undistributed assets, with the exclusive goal of maximizing the return on investment. As a result, its investments include companies that have been criticized for worsening poverty in the same developing countries where the foundation is attempting to relieve poverty. These include companies that pollute heavily and pharmaceutical companies that do not sell into the developing world. In response to press criticism, the foundation announced in 2007 a review of its investments to assess social responsibility. It subsequently cancelled the review and stood by its policy of investing for maximum return, while using voting rights to influence company practices.

Q1: What does the Trust invest
A1: The foundation trust invests undistributed assets
Q2: What is the goal of the Trust investments 
A2: exclusive goal of maximizing the return on investment
Q3: What are some of the negatives of the investments 
A3: its investments include companies that have been criticized for worsening poverty in the same developing countries
Q4: What type of company's are  critiscized
A4: These include companies that pollute heavily and pharmaceutical companies that do not sell into the developing world
Q5: As a result of the critics what did the company announce 
A5: the foundation announced in 2007 a review of its investments to assess social responsibility. It subsequently cancelled the review
Title: British_Empire
Topic: History

The foundations of the British Empire were laid when England and Scotland were separate kingdoms. In 1496 King Henry VII of England, following the successes of Spain and Portugal in overseas exploration, commissioned John Cabot to lead a voyage to discover a route to Asia via the North Atlantic. Cabot sailed in 1497, five years after the European discovery of America, and although he successfully made landfall on the coast of Newfoundland (mistakenly believing, like Christopher Columbus, that he had reached Asia), there was no attempt to found a colony. Cabot led another voyage to the Americas the following year but nothing was heard of his ships again.

Q1: When was John Cabot's voyage commissioned?
A1: 1496
Q2: Who commissioned John Cabot's voyage?
A2: King Henry VII of England
Q3: Where was Cabot trying to find a route to via the North Atlantic?
A3: Asia
Q4: Where did Cabot make landfall?
A4: Newfoundland
Q5: Which explorer did Cabot make a mistake similar to?
A5: Christopher Columbus
Title: Old_English
Topic: Language and literature

The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains.

Q1: Along with West Saxon, Northumbrian and Mercian, what was one of the four main dialects of Old English?
A1: Kentish
Q2: What is a term that collectively refers to Northumbrian and Mercian?
A2: Anglian
Q3: Geographically, what river was Northumbria north of?
A3: Humber
Q4: What river was the Mercian region south of?
A4: Humber
Q5: Which of the Old English dialects covered the smallest geograhical region?
A5: Kentish
Title: Northwestern_University
Topic: History

The four-year, full-time undergraduate program comprises the majority of enrollments at the university and emphasizes instruction in the arts and sciences, plus the professions of engineering, journalism, communication, music, and education. Although a foundation in the liberal arts and sciences is required in all majors, there is no required common core curriculum; individual degree requirements are set by the faculty of each school. Northwestern's full-time undergraduate and graduate programs operate on an approximately 10-week academic quarter system with the academic year beginning in late September and ending in early June. Undergraduates typically take four courses each quarter and twelve courses in an academic year and are required to complete at least twelve quarters on campus to graduate. Northwestern offers honors, accelerated, and joint degree programs in medicine, science, mathematics, engineering, and journalism. The comprehensive doctoral graduate program has high coexistence with undergraduate programs.

Q1: Which 4-year program comprises the majority of enrollments at Northwestern?
A1: full-time undergraduate
Q2: Who sets individual degree requirements at Northwestern?
A2: the faculty of each school
Q3: How many quarters are undergraduates required to complete on campus to graduate?
A3: at least twelve
Q4: How many courses do undergrads typically take each quarter?
A4: four
Q5: How many weeks is one academic quarter at Northwestern?
A5: approximately 10
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

The fourteenth season premiered on January 7, 2015. Ryan Seacrest returned to host, while Jennifer Lopez, Keith Urban and Harry Connick, Jr. returned for their respective fourth, third and second seasons as judges. Eighth season runner-up Adam Lambert filled in for Urban during the New York City auditions. Randy Jackson did not return as the in-house mentor for this season.

Q1: What year did American Idol first air its fourteenth season?
A1: 2015
Q2: Who was the host of American Idol in its fourteenth season? 
A2: Ryan Seacrest
Q3: Which former contestant replaced Keith Urban for auditions in New York City?
A3: Adam Lambert
Q4: What was Keith Urbans position on American Idol in its fourteenth season? 
A4: judges
Q5: Who did not come back as a mentor in season 14?
A5: Randy Jackson
Q6: When did season 14 premiere?
A6: January 7, 2015
Q7: Who took Urban's spot at the New York auditions?
A7: Adam Lambert
Title: Digimon
Topic: Video games

The fourth Digimon series, which began airing on April 7, 2002, radically departs from the previous three by focusing on a new and very different kind of evolution, Spirit Evolution, in which the human characters use their D-Tectors (this series' Digivice) to transform themselves into special Digimon called Legendary Warriors, detracting from the customary formula of having digital partners. After receiving unusual phone messages from Ophanimon (one of the three ruling Digimon alongside Seraphimon and Cherubimon) Takuya Kanbara, Koji Minamoto, Junpei Shibayama, Zoe Orimoto, Tommy Himi, and Koichi Kimura go to a subway station and take a train to the Digital World. Summoned by Ophanimon, the Digidestined realize that they must find the ten legendary spirits and stop the forces of Cherubimon from physically destroying the Digital World. After finding the ten spirits of the Legendary Warriors and defeating Mercurymon, Grumblemon, Ranamon, and Arbormon, they finally end up fighting Cherubimon hoping to foil his effort to dominate the Digital World. After the defeat of Cherubimon, the Digidestined find they must face an even greater challenge as they try to stop the Royal Knights—Dynasmon and Crusadermon—from destroying the Digital World and using the collected data to revive the original ruler of the Digital World: the tyrannical Lucemon. Ultimately the Digidestined fail in preventing Lucemon from reawakening but they do manage to prevent him from escaping into the Real World. In the final battle, all of the legendary spirits the digidestined have collected thus far merge and create Susanoomon. With this new form, the digidestined are able to effectively defeat Lucemon and save the Digital World. In general, Frontier has a much lighter tone than that of Tamers, yet remains darker than Adventure and Adventure 02.

Q1: When did the fourth series of Digimon begin?
A1: April 7, 2002
Q2: What was the main focus surrounding the fourth series?
A2: Spirit Evolution
Q3: What did the characters use to transform themselves into special Digimons?
A3: D-Tectors
Q4: After the characters transformed into special Digimons, what were they called?
A4: Legendary Warriors
Title: A_cappella
Topic: Music

The fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features an eclectic mix of musical genres (including jazz, hip hop, Latin, rock, and country). In Transit incorporates vocal beat boxing into its contemporary a cappella arrangements through the use of a subway beat boxer character. Beat boxer and actor Chesney Snow performed this role for the 2010 Primary Stages production. According to the show's website, it is scheduled to reopen for an open-ended commercial run in the Fall of 2011. In 2011 the production received four Lucille Lortel Award nominations including Outstanding Musical, Outer Critics Circle and Drama League nominations, as well as five Drama Desk nominations including Outstanding Musical and won for Outstanding Ensemble Performance.

Q1: What is the name of the a cappella musical that debuted Off-Broadway in the same year as Perfect Harmony?
A1: In Transit
Q2: Where does most of In Transit take place? 
A2: the New York City subway system
Q3: What a cappella vocal style is implemented in many of In Transit's songs?
A3: beat boxing
Q4: How many Lucille Lortel Awards was In Transit nominated for?
A4: four
Q5: What is the name of the actor who played the subway beat boxer?
A5: Chesney Snow
Title: Dutch_Republic
Topic: History

The framers of the US Constitution were influenced by the Constitution of the Republic of the United Provinces, as Federalist No. 20, by James Madison, shows. Such influence appears, however, to have been of a negative nature, as Madison describes the Dutch confederacy as exhibiting "Imbecility in the government; discord among the provinces; foreign influence and indignities; a precarious existence in peace, and peculiar calamities from war." Apart from this, the American Declaration of Independence is similar to the Act of Abjuration, essentially the declaration of independence of the United Provinces, but concrete evidence that the former directly influenced the latter is absent.

Q1: Who was influenced by the Constitution of the Republic of the United Provinces?
A1: The framers of the US Constitution
Q2: Who described the Dutch confederacy as exhibiting "Imbecility in the government; discord among the provinces; foreign influence and indignities; a precarious existence in peace, and peculiar calamities from war."
A2: James Madison
Q3: The American Declaration of Independence is similar to what?
A3: the Act of Abjuration, essentially the declaration of independence of the United Provinces
Title: Digimon
Topic: Video games

The franchise was first created in 1997 as a series of virtual pets, akin to—and influenced in style by—the contemporary Tamagotchi or nano Giga Pet toys. The creatures were first designed to look cute and iconic even on the devices' small screens; later developments had them created with a harder-edged style influenced by American comics. The franchise gained momentum with its first anime incarnation, Digimon Adventure, and an early video game, Digimon World, both released in 1999. Several seasons of the anime and films based on them have aired, and the video game series has expanded into genres such as role-playing, racing, fighting, and MMORPGs. Other media forms have also been released.

Q1: When did Digimon first appear?
A1: 1997
Q2: Name the original Digimon anime.
A2: Digimon Adventure
Q3: Name the Digimon video game that was released in 1999.
A3: Digimon World
Q4: Name two types of toys the original Digimon bore a close resemblence to.
A4: Tamagotchi or nano Giga Pet toys
Q5: When was the Digimon series created?
A5: 1997
Q6: What influenced the look of the Digimons?
A6: Tamagotchi or nano Giga Pet toys
Q7: In what year was the Digimon video game released?
A7: 1999
Title: Comics
Topic: Language and literature

The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian comics began to dominate. The Adventures of Tintin, with its signature clear line style, was first serialized in newspaper comics supplements beginning in 1929, and became an icon of Franco-Belgian comics.

Q1: Who started producing comic strips and theories about them in 1827?
A1: Rodolphe Töpffer
Q2: What century had comics in wide production?
A2: 19th
Q3: What 1925 cartoon made speech bubbles popular?
A3: Zig et Puce
Q4: What comics began to dominate in Europe?
A4: Franco-Belgian
Q5: When was "The Adventures of Tintin" serialized?
A5: 1929
Title: Dutch_Republic
Topic: History

The free trade spirit of the time received a strong augmentation through the development of a modern, effective stock market in the Low Countries. The Netherlands has the oldest stock exchange in the world, founded in 1602 by the Dutch East India Company. While Rotterdam has the oldest bourse in the Netherlands, the world's first stock exchange – that of the Dutch East-India Company – went public in six different cities. Later, a court ruled that the company had to reside legally in a single city, so Amsterdam is recognized as the oldest such institution based on modern trading principles. While the banking system evolved in the Low Countries, it was quickly incorporated by the well-connected English, stimulating English economic output.

Q1: When was the stock exchange founded in the Netherlands?
A1: 1602
Q2: Which city in the Netherlands has the oldest stock exchange?
A2: Rotterdam
Q3: The Dutch East-India Company inhabited how many cities?
A3: six
Q4: Which city did the Dutch East-India Company decide to reside in after a court decided they could legally only operate in one city?
A4: Amsterdam
Title: Political_party
Topic: Social sciences and society

The freedom to form, declare membership in, or campaign for candidates from a political party is considered a measurement of a state's adherence to liberal democracy as a political value. Regulation of parties may run from a crackdown on or repression of all opposition parties, a norm for authoritarian governments, to the repression of certain parties which hold or promote ideals which run counter to the general ideology of the state's incumbents (or possess membership by-laws which are legally unenforceable).

Q1: What is considered a measurement of a state's support to liberal democracy?
A1: The freedom to form, declare membership in, or campaign for
Q2: How are parties regulated?
A2: a crackdown on or repression of all opposition parties
Q3: Will parties that hold a counter belief to the general beliefs of the state's incumbents be repressed?
A3: to the repression of certain parties which hold or promote ideals which run counter to the general ideology of the state's incumbents
Title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)
Topic: History

The front page caused outrage in Liverpool, where the paper lost more than three-quarters of its estimated 55,000 daily sales and still sells poorly in the city more than 25 years later (around 12,000). It is unavailable in many parts of the city, as many newsagents refuse to stock it. It was revealed in a documentary called Alexei Sayle's Liverpool, aired in September 2008, that many Liverpudlians will not even take the newspaper for free, and those who do may simply burn or tear it up. Liverpudlians refer to the paper as 'The Scum' with campaigners believing it handicapped their fight for justice.

Q1: Where did The sun lose a large portion of its daily sales as a result of the front page?
A1: Liverpool
Q2: What were the estimated daily sales in Liverpool 25 years later?
A2: around 12,000
Q3: What documentary aired in 2008?
A3: Alexei Sayle's Liverpool
Q4: What do many Liverpool residents do with the paper even if given to them free?
A4: simply burn or tear it up
Q5: What name have Liverpool residents given to The Sun?
A5: The Scum'
Title: Apollo
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The function of Apollo as a "healer" is connected with Paean (Παιών-Παιήων), the physician of the Gods in the Iliad, who seems to come from a more primitive religion. Paeοn is probably connected with the Mycenean pa-ja-wo-ne (Linear B: 𐀞𐀊𐀍𐀚), but this is not certain. He did not have a separate cult, but he was the personification of the holy magic-song sung by the magicians that was supposed to cure disease. Later the Greeks knew the original meaning of the relevant song "paean" (παιάν). The magicians were also called "seer-doctors" (ἰατρομάντεις), and they used an ecstatic prophetic art which was used exactly by the god Apollo at the oracles.

Q1: What were magicians also called?
A1: seer-doctors
Q2: Who is the physician of the Gods in the Iliad?
A2: Paean
Title: Rule_of_law
Topic: History

The functional interpretation of the term "rule of law", consistent with the traditional English meaning, contrasts the "rule of law" with the "rule of man." According to the functional view, a society in which government officers have a great deal of discretion has a low degree of "rule of law", whereas a society in which government officers have little discretion has a high degree of "rule of law". Upholding the rule of law can sometimes require the punishment of those who commit offenses that are justifiable under natural law but not statutory law. The rule of law is thus somewhat at odds with flexibility, even when flexibility may be preferable.

Q1: According to the functional interpretation, what principle is opposite of the rule of man?
A1: rule of law
Q2: What level of discretion do governments with a high degree of the "rule of law" have?
A2: little
Q3: What level of discretion do governments with a low degree of the "rule of law" have?
A3: a great deal
Q4: What happens to those that do not follow to the rule of law?
A4: punishment
Q5: What fights against the rule of law?
A5: flexibility
Title: Brain
Topic: Natural sciences

The functions of the brain depend on the ability of neurons to transmit electrochemical signals to other cells, and their ability to respond appropriately to electrochemical signals received from other cells. The electrical properties of neurons are controlled by a wide variety of biochemical and metabolic processes, most notably the interactions between neurotransmitters and receptors that take place at synapses.

Q1: The electrical properties of neurons are controlled by what?
A1: neurotransmitters and receptors that take place at synapses
Q2: What type of signals do neurons transfer from one another?
A2: electrochemical
Title: University
Topic: Language and literature

The funding and organization of universities varies widely between different countries around the world. In some countries universities are predominantly funded by the state, while in others funding may come from donors or from fees which students attending the university must pay. In some countries the vast majority of students attend university in their local town, while in other countries universities attract students from all over the world, and may provide university accommodation for their students.

Q1: How does the financial backing of universities around the world differ?
A1: varies widely
Q2: In nations that accept students from through the world what might the university offer to a student?
A2: accommodation
Q3: Outside of state funded schools, and funds coming from donors, how might a university collect funds?
A3: fees which students attending the university
Title: Kanye_West
Topic: Music

The funeral and burial for Donda West was held in Oklahoma City on November 20, 2007. West played his first concert following the funeral at The O2 in London on November 22. He dedicated a performance of "Hey Mama", as well as a cover of Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'", to his mother, and did so on all other dates of his Glow in the Dark tour.

Q1: Where was Donda West's funeral?
A1: Oklahoma City
Q2: What songs did Kanye dedicate to his late mother as his performance at The O2 in London?
A2: "Hey Mama", as well as a cover of Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'"
Q3: In what city was the funeral and burial for Donda West held?
A3: Oklahoma City
Q4: On what day was the funeral of Donda West?
A4: November 20, 2007
Q5: What day was Kanye's first concert after the death of his mother?
A5: November 22
Q6: On what tour did Kanye perform "Hey Mama" and his version of Journey's "Don't Stop Believing" in memory of his mother?
A6: Glow in the Dark tour
Title: Frédéric_Chopin
Topic: Music

The funeral, held at the Church of the Madeleine in Paris, was delayed almost two weeks, until 30 October. Entrance was restricted to ticket holders as many people were expected to attend. Over 3,000 people arrived without invitations, from as far as London, Berlin and Vienna, and were excluded.

Q1: Where was Chopin's funeral held?
A1: Church of the Madeleine
Q2: How long was Chopin's funeral delayed?
A2: two weeks
Q3: How many people arrived for Chopin's funeral?
A3: Over 3,000
Q4: Where was Chopin's funeral held?
A4: the Church of the Madeleine in Paris
Q5: How long was Chopin's funeral delayed?
A5: two weeks
Q6: How many people arrived without an invitation?
A6: Over 3,000
Title: Anti-aircraft_warfare
Topic: Warfare

The future of projectile based weapons may be found in the railgun. Currently tests are underway on developing systems that could create as much damage as a Tomahawk (missile), but at a fraction of the cost. In February 2008 the US Navy tested a railgun; it fired a shell at 5,600 miles (9,000 km) per hour using 10 megajoules of energy. Its expected performance is over 13,000 miles (21,000 km) per hour muzzle velocity, accurate enough to hit a 5-meter target from 200 nautical miles (370 km) away while shooting at 10 shots per minute. It is expected to be ready in 2020 to 2025.[verification needed] These systems while currently designed for static targets would only need the ability to be retargeted to become the next generation of AA system.

Q1: Where can the future of projectile based weapons possibly be found?
A1: the railgun
Q2: Testing is being done on weapons to create as much damage as what missile at a much lower cost?
A2: a Tomahawk
Q3: When did the United States Navy test a railgun?
A3: February 2008
Q4: How fast was the shell that the Navy fired from the railgun?
A4: 5,600 miles (9,000 km) per hour
Q5: When is the railgun expected to be ready?
A5: 2020 to 2025
Title: Heian_period
Topic: History

The game Total War: Shogun 2 has the Rise of the Samurai expansion pack as downloadable campaign. It allows the player to make their own version of the Gempei War which happened during the Heian period. The player is able to choose one of the most powerful families of Japan at the time, the Taira, Minamoto or Fujiwara; each family fielding two branches for a total of six playable clans. The expansion pack features a different set of land units, ships and buildings and is also playable in the multiplayer modes.

Q1: Which Total War game has an expansion set during the Heian period?
A1: Shogun 2
Q2: What families are playable characters in Total War: Shogun 2?
A2: Taira, Minamoto or Fujiwara
Q3: The Rise of the Samurai expansion for Total War: Shogun 2 depicts which war during the Heian period?
A3: Gempei War
Title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess
Topic: Video games

The game features nine dungeons—large, contained areas where Link battles enemies, collects items, and solves puzzles. Link navigates these dungeons and fights a boss at the end in order to obtain an item or otherwise advance the plot. The dungeons are connected by a large overworld, across which Link can travel on foot; on his horse, Epona; or by teleporting.

Q1: How many dungeon instances are provided in Twilight Princess?
A1: nine
Q2: What does Link fight in dungeons?
A2: enemies
Q3: What provides a bridge between the different dungeons?
A3: overworld
Q4: What is the name of Link's steed?
A4: Epona
Q5: What must Link solve throughout the game?
A5: puzzles
Q6: Who must Link fight at the end of a dungeon level?
A6: boss
Q7: What connects the dungeons?
A7: overworld
Title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System
Topic: Video games

The game pad controllers were more-or-less copied directly from the Game & Watch machines, although the Famicom design team originally wanted to use arcade-style joysticks, even taking apart ones from American game consoles to see how they worked. However, it was eventually decided that children might step on joysticks left on the floor and their durability was also questioned. Katsuyah Nakawaka attached a Game & Watch D-pad to the Famicom prototype and found that it was easy to use and had no discomfort. Ultimately though, they did install a 15-pin expansion port on the front of the console so that an arcade-style joystick could be used optionally. The controllers were hard-wired to the console with no connectors for cost reasons.

Q1: Who attached a Game & Watch D-pad to the Famicom prototype?
A1: Katsuyah Nakawaka
Q2: What was installed on the front of the console so the joystick could be used?
A2: 15-pin expansion port
Q3: Why were the controllers hard-wired to the console with no connectors?
A3: cost reasons
Q4: Where were the game pad controllers copied from?
A4: Game & Watch machines
Title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess
Topic: Video games

The game's score was composed by Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta, with series regular Koji Kondo serving as the sound supervisor. Minegishi took charge of composition and sound design in Twilight Princess, providing all field and dungeon music under the supervision of Kondo. For the trailers, three pieces were written by different composers, two of which were created by Mahito Yokota and Kondo. Michiru Ōshima created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions, later to be performed by an ensemble conducted by Yasuzo Takemoto. Kondo's piece was later chosen as music for the E3 2005 trailer and for the demo movie after the game's title screen.

Q1: Who wrote the music for Twilight Princess?
A1: Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta
Q2: Who was in charge of overseeing audio production?
A2: Koji Kondo
Q3: Who worked adapting the score for performance by an orchestra?
A3: Michiru Ōshima
Q4: Who wrote the music used in the game's trailer and demo?
A4: Koji Kondo
Q5: Who created orchestral arrangements for the game?
A5: Michiru Ōshima
Q6: Who was to conduct the ensemble that would perform the pieces?
A6: Yasuzo Takemoto