LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Hellenistic_period
Topic: History

The west Balkan coast was inhabited by various Illyrian tribes and kingdoms such as the kingdom of the Dalmatae and of the Ardiaei, who often engaged in piracy under Queen Teuta (reigned 231 BC to 227 BCE). Further inland was the Illyrian Paeonian Kingdom and the tribe of the Agrianes which covers most of the modern republic of Macedonia. Illyrians on the coast of the Adriatic were under the effects and influence of Hellenisation and some tribes adopted Greek, becoming bilingual due to their proximity to the Greek colonies in Illyria. Illyrians imported weapons and armor from the Ancient Greeks (such as the Illyrian type helmet, originally a Greek type) and also adopted the ornamentation of Ancient Macedon on their shields and their war belts (a single one has been found, dated 3rd century BC at modern Selce e Poshtme part of Macedon at the time under Philip V of Macedon).

Q1: What years did Queen Teutra reign?
A1: 231 BC to 227 BCE
Q2: From where did Illyrians import there weapons and armor?
A2: Ancient Greeks
Q3: What type or ornamentation was featured on the Illyrians shilds and war belts?
A3: Ancient Macedon
Q4: What tribes inhabited the Balkan Coast?
A4: Illyrian
Q5: What tribe covered most of the republic of Macedonia?
A5: Agrianes
Title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan
Topic: Geography and places

The west end of these streets is Bowery and Third Avenue, except for 3rd Street (formerly Amity Place; to Sixth Avenue) and 4th Street (to 13th Street), which extend west and north, respectively, into Greenwich Village. Great Jones Street connects East 3rd to West 3rd.

Q1: What name did 3rd Street previously hold?
A1: Amity Place
Q2: Which village do 3rd and 4th Street extend into?
A2: Greenwich
Q3: Which street connects East 3rd to West 3rd?
A3: Great Jones
Q4: The west end of these streets is Third Avenue and where?
A4: Bowery
Title: Oklahoma
Topic: Geography and places

The western edge of the Oklahoma panhandle is out of alignment with its Texas border. The Oklahoma/New Mexico border is actually 2.1 to 2.2 miles east of the Texas line. The border between Texas and New Mexico was set first as a result of a survey by Spain in 1819. It was then set along the 103rd Meridian. In the 1890s, when Oklahoma was formally surveyed using more accurate surveying equipment and techniques, it was discovered that the Texas line was not set along the 103rd Meridian. Surveying techniques were not as accurate in 1819, and the actual 103rd Meridian was approximately 2.2 miles to the east. It was much easier to leave the mistake as it was than for Texas to cede land to New Mexico to correct the original surveying error. The placement of the Oklahoma/New Mexico border represents the true 103rd Meridian.

Q1: How far out of alignment is Oklahoma's western edge from Texas's border?
A1: 2.1 to 2.2 miles
Q2: When was the border between TX and NM first determined?
A2: 1819
Q3: When was Oklahoma's border determined?
A3: 1890s
Q4: Where is the NM border of both Oklahoma and Texas supposed to line up with?
A4: the 103rd Meridian
Q5: Which one is more accurately placed, the TX/NM border or the OK/NM border?
A5: Oklahoma/New Mexico border
Title: The_Bronx
Topic: Geography and places

The western parts of the Bronx are hillier and are dominated by a series of parallel ridges, running south to north. The West Bronx has older apartment buildings, low income public housing complexes, multifamily homes in its lower income areas as well as larger single family homes in more affluent areas such as Riverdale and Fieldston. It includes New York City's fourth largest park: Van Cortlandt Park along the Westchester-Bronx border. The Grand Concourse, a wide boulevard, runs through it, north to south.

Q1: What parts of the Bronx have more hills?
A1: western
Q2: What parts of West Bronx are more affluent?
A2: Riverdale and Fieldston.
Q3: What is NYC's 4th-largest park?
A3: Van Cortlandt Park
Q4: Where is Van Cortlandt Park?
A4: along the Westchester-Bronx border
Q5: What is the Grand Concourse?
A5: a wide boulevard
Title: North_Carolina
Topic: Geography and places

The western section of the state is part of the Appalachian Mountain range. Among the subranges of the Appalachians located in the state are the Great Smoky Mountains, Blue Ridge Mountains, Great Balsam Mountains, and Black Mountains. The Black Mountains are the highest in the eastern United States, and culminate in Mount Mitchell at 6,684 feet (2,037 m) the highest point east of the Mississippi River. Although agriculture still remains important, tourism has become a dominant industry in the mountains. Growing Christmas trees has recently become an important industry as well. Because of the higher altitude, the climate in the mountains often differs markedly from that of the rest of the state. Winter in western North Carolina typically features high snowfall and subfreezing temperatures more akin to those of a midwestern state than of a southern state.

Q1: The weatern part of North Carolina is part of what mountain range?
A1: Appalachian Mountain range
Q2: The Great Smokey Mountains and the Black Moutains are subranges of what mountains?
A2: Appalachians
Q3: What mountains are the highest in the eastern United States?
A3: The Black Mountains
Q4: What is the name of the highest point east of the Mississippi river?
A4: Mount Mitchell
Q5: How high is Mt. Mitchell?
A5: 6,684 feet
Title: Miami
Topic: Geography and places

The wet season begins some time in May, ending in mid-October. During this period, temperatures are in the mid 80s to low 90s (29–35 °C), accompanied by high humidity, though the heat is often relieved by afternoon thunderstorms or a sea breeze that develops off the Atlantic Ocean, which then allow lower temperatures, but conditions still remain very muggy. Much of the year's 55.9 inches (1,420 mm) of rainfall occurs during this period. Dewpoints in the warm months range from 71.9 °F (22.2 °C) in June to 73.7 °F (23.2 °C) in August.

Q1: When is the beginning of Miami's wet season?
A1: May
Q2: What month sees the end of the wet season in Miami?
A2: October
Q3: In degrees Celsius, what is the range of temperatures during the wet season?
A3: 29–35
Q4: How many millimeters of rain fall on Miami annually?
A4: 1,420
Q5: What is the typical August dew point in degrees Fahrenheit?
A5: 73.7
Title: New_York_City
Topic: Geography and places

The wider New York City metropolitan area, with over 20 million people, about 50% greater than the second-place Los Angeles metropolitan area in the United States, is also ethnically diverse. The New York region continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for legal immigrants admitted into the United States, substantially exceeding the combined totals of Los Angeles and Miami, the next most popular gateway regions. It is home to the largest Jewish as well as Israeli communities outside Israel, with the Jewish population in the region numbering over 1.5 million in 2012 and including many diverse Jewish sects from around the Middle East and Eastern Europe. The metropolitan area is also home to 20% of the nation's Indian Americans and at least 20 Little India enclaves, as well as 15% of all Korean Americans and four Koreatowns; the largest Asian Indian population in the Western Hemisphere; the largest Russian American, Italian American, and African American populations; the largest Dominican American, Puerto Rican American, and South American and second-largest overall Hispanic population in the United States, numbering 4.8 million; and includes at least 6 established Chinatowns within New York City alone, with the urban agglomeration comprising a population of 779,269 overseas Chinese as of 2013 Census estimates, the largest outside of Asia.

Q1: About how many people live in New York City's metropolitan area?
A1: 20 million
Q2: As of 2012, how many Jewish people lived in the New York metropolitan area?
A2: 1.5 million
Q3: What percentage of the total Indian-American population of the United States lives in the New York metropolitan area?
A3: 20%
Q4: How many Hispanic people live in the New York metropolitan area?
A4: 4.8 million
Q5: Approximately how many Chinatowns exist in New York City?
A5: 6
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.

Q1: How many wildcards were chosen by the judges in season eight?
A1: four
Q2: How many wildcard contestants were advanced in the competition in season ten?
A2: three
Q3: How many women were in the top ten in season twelve?
A3: five
Q4: How many finalists were there in season eight?
A4: thirteen
Q5: What season saw the return of the Wild Card round?
A5: season eight
Q6: How many contestants moved forward from each round?
A6: three
Q7: How many wildcard contestants were chosen?
A7: four
Q8: How many contestants were finalists for season 12?
A8: 10
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

The willingness to question previously held truths and search for new answers resulted in a period of major scientific advancements, now known as the Scientific Revolution. The Scientific Revolution is traditionally held by most historians to have begun in 1543, when the books De humani corporis fabrica (On the Workings of the Human Body) by Andreas Vesalius, and also De Revolutionibus, by the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus, were first printed. The thesis of Copernicus' book was that the Earth moved around the Sun. The period culminated with the publication of the Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica in 1687 by Isaac Newton, representative of the unprecedented growth of scientific publications throughout Europe.

Q1: What was the Scientific Revolution?
A1: a period of major scientific advancements
Q2: What year is considered to be the beginning of the Scientific Revolution?
A2: 1543
Q3: What book by Andreas Vesalius was published in 1543?
A3: De humani corporis fabrica (On the Workings of the Human Body)
Q4: What was the focus of De Revolutionibus by Nicolaus Copernicus?
A4: the Earth moved around the Sun
Q5: What book was printed by Isaac Newton in 1687?
A5: Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

The winner receives a record deal with a major label, which may be for up to six albums, and secures a management contract with American Idol-affiliated 19 Management (which has the right of first refusal to sign all contestants), as well as various lucrative contracts. All winners prior to season nine reportedly earned at least $1 million in their first year as winner. All the runners-up of the first ten seasons, as well as some of other finalists, have also received record deals with major labels. However, starting in season 11, the runner-up may only be guaranteed a single-only deal. BMG/Sony (seasons 1–9) and UMG (season 10–) had the right of first refusal to sign contestants for three months after the season's finale. Starting in the fourteenth season, the winner was signed with Big Machine Records. Prominent music mogul Clive Davis also produced some of the selected contestants' albums, such as Kelly Clarkson, Clay Aiken, Fantasia Barrino and Diana DeGarmo. All top 10 (11 in seasons 10 and 12) finalists earn the privilege of going on a tour, where the participants may each earn a six-figure sum.

Q1: Which company manages the winners of American Idol?
A1: 19 Management
Q2: What record label signed the winner of season fourteen of American Idol?
A2: Big Machine Records
Q3: How long does the record company have the right of first refusal for contestants on American Idol?
A3: three months
Q4: What does the winner of American Idol receive?
A4: a record deal
Q5: The winner also receives a management contract with which company?
A5: 19 Management
Q6: In season 14, the winner was signed to which company?
A6: Big Machine Records
Title: Samurai
Topic: Language and literature

The winner, Taira no Kiyomori, became an imperial advisor, and was the first warrior to attain such a position. He eventually seized control of the central government, establishing the first samurai-dominated government and relegating the Emperor to figurehead status. However, the Taira clan was still very conservative when compared to its eventual successor, the Minamoto, and instead of expanding or strengthening its military might, the clan had its women marry Emperors and exercise control through the Emperor.

Q1: Who was the first warrior to become imperial advisor?
A1: Taira no Kiyomori
Q2: Who established the first samurai-led administration?
A2: Taira no Kiyomori
Q3: What role did the Emperor have in the samurai-controlled government?
A3: figurehead
Q4: Who succeeded the Taira clan?
A4: the Minamoto
Q5: How did the Taira clan expand power?
A5: had its women marry Emperors
Title: Tuvalu
Topic: Geography and places

The women of Tuvalu use cowrie and other shells in traditional handicrafts. The artistic traditions of Tuvalu have traditionally been expressed in the design of clothing and traditional handicrafts such as the decoration of mats and fans. Crochet (kolose) is one of the art forms practiced by Tuvaluan women. The material culture of Tuvalu uses traditional design elements in artefacts used in everyday life such as the design of canoes and fish hooks made from traditional materials. The design of women's skirts (titi), tops (teuga saka), headbands, armbands, and wristbands, which continue to be used in performances of the traditional dance songs of Tuvalu, represents contemporary Tuvaluan art and design.

Q1: What sea creatures were used in traditional handicrafts?
A1: shells
Q2: In what item has Tuvalu traditional design been produced?
A2: clothing
Q3: What type of decorative items use traditional Tuvalu designs?
A3: mats and fans
Q4: For what  have objects having traditional design been used?
A4: everyday life
Q5: What traditional purpose are Tuvalu designs still used?
A5: dance songs
Title: Professional_wrestling
Topic: Sports and recreation

The women's division of professional wrestling has maintained a recognized world champion since 1937, when Mildred Burke won the original World Women's title. She then formed the World Women's Wrestling Association in the early 1950s and recognized herself as the first champion, although the championship would be vacated upon her retirement in 1956. The NWA, however, ceased to acknowledge Burke as their Women's World champion in 1954, and instead acknowledged June Byers as champion after a controversial finish to a high-profile match between Burke and Byers that year. Upon Byers' retirement in 1964, The Fabulous Moolah, who won a junior heavyweight version of the NWA World Women's Championship (the predecessor to the WWE's Women's Championship) in a tournament back in 1958, was recognized by most NWA promoters as champion by default.

Q1: Who won the women's title in 1937?
A1: Mildred Burke
Q2: What did Mildred Burke form?
A2: Women's Wrestling Association
Q3: What year did June Byers retire? 
A3: 1964
Q4: What year did Mildred Burke retire? 
A4: 1956
Title: Imamah_(Shia_doctrine)
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The word "Imām" denotes a person who stands or walks "in front". For Sunni Islam, the word is commonly used to mean a person who leads the course of prayer in the mosque. It also means the head of a madhhab ("school of thought"). However, from the Shia point of view this is merely the basic understanding of the word in the Arabic language and, for its proper religious usage, the word "Imam" is applicable only to those members of the house of Muhammad designated as infallible by the preceding Imam.

Q1: What word literally means a person who stands or walks in front?
A1: Imām
Q2: For Sunni Islam, what does the word Imam commonly mean?
A2: a person who leads the course of prayer in the mosque
Q3: What does the word madhhab mean?
A3: school of thought
Q4: What does Imam mean in its proper religious context?
A4: members of the house of Muhammad designated as infallible
Title: Slavs
Topic: History

The word "Slavs" was used in the national anthem of the Slovak Republic (1939–1945), Yugoslavia (1943–1992) and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992–2003), later Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006).

Q1: When was the word "Slavs" used in the national anthem of the Slovak Republic?
A1: 1939–1945
Q2: When was the word "Slavs" used in the national anthem of Yugoslavia?
A2: 1943–1992
Q3: When was the word "Slavs" used in the national anthem of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia?
A3: 1992–2003
Q4: When was the word "Slavs" used in the national anthem of Serbia and Montenegro?
A4: 2003–2006
Title: Animal
Topic: Natural sciences

The word "animal" comes from the Latin animalis, meaning having breath, having soul or living being. In everyday non-scientific usage the word excludes humans – that is, "animal" is often used to refer only to non-human members of the kingdom Animalia; often, only closer relatives of humans such as mammals, or mammals and other vertebrates, are meant. The biological definition of the word refers to all members of the kingdom Animalia, encompassing creatures as diverse as sponges, jellyfish, insects, and humans.

Q1: Where does the word animal come from?
A1: Latin animalis
Q2: What does the Latin word animalis mean?
A2: having breath, having soul or living being
Q3: The word animal is usually only used to refer to what?
A3: non-human members of the kingdom Animalia
Q4: The biological definition of the word animal refers to all member of what kingdom?
A4: Animalia
Q5: What are some of the creatures included in the kingdom of Animalia?
A5: sponges, jellyfish, insects, and humans
Title: United_States_dollar
Topic: History

The word "dollar" is one of the words in the first paragraph of Section 9 of Article 1 of the U.S. Constitution. In that context, "dollars" is a reference to the Spanish milled dollar, a coin that had a monetary value of 8 Spanish units of currency, or reales. In 1792 the U.S. Congress adopted legislation titled An act establishing a mint, and regulating the Coins of the United States. Section 9 of that act authorized the production of various coins, including "DOLLARS OR UNITS—each to be of the value of a Spanish milled dollar as the same is now current, and to contain three hundred and seventy-one grains and four sixteenth parts of a grain of pure, or four hundred and sixteen grains of standard silver". Section 20 of the act provided, "That the money of account of the United States shall be expressed in dollars, or units... and that all accounts in the public offices and all proceedings in the courts of the United States shall be kept and had in conformity to this regulation". In other words, this act designated the United States dollar as the unit of currency of the United States.

Q1: What is "dollars" a reference to?
A1: the Spanish milled dollar
Q2: How much value did a Spanish milled dollar have in relation to Spanish units of currency?
A2: 8 Spanish units
Q3: How much value was one dollar meant to be equivalent to?
A3: a Spanish milled dollar
Q4: How many grains of standard silver were meant to be in a single dollar?
A4: four hundred and sixteen
Q5: How many grains of pure silver were meant to be in a single dollar?
A5: three hundred and seventy-one
Title: Emotion
Topic: Natural sciences

The word "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern word emotion is heterogeneous In some uses of the word, emotions are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something. On the other hand, emotion can be used to refer to states that are mild (as in annoyed or content) and to states that are not directed at anything (as in anxiety and depression). One line of research thus looks at the meaning of the word emotion in everyday language and this usage is rather different from that in academic discourse. Another line of research asks about languages other than English, and one interesting finding is that many languages have a similar but not identical term

Q1: When did the word emotion enter the English language?
A1: 1579
Q2: From what French word is emotion derived?
A2: émouvoir
Q3: What does émouvoir mean in English?
A3: to stir up
Q4: Prior to the introduction of the word emotion, what word was used in its place?
A4: passion
Q5: Along with anxiety, what is an example of directionless emotion?
A5: depression
Title: Insect
Topic: Natural sciences

The word "insect" comes from the Latin word insectum, meaning "with a notched or divided body", or literally "cut into", from the neuter singular perfect passive participle of insectare, "to cut into, to cut up", from in- "into" and secare "to cut"; because insects appear "cut into" three sections. Pliny the Elder introduced the Latin designation as a loan-translation of the Greek word ἔντομος (éntomos) or "insect" (as in entomology), which was Aristotle's term for this class of life, also in reference to their "notched" bodies. "Insect" first appears documented in English in 1601 in Holland's translation of Pliny. Translations of Aristotle's term also form the usual word for "insect" in Welsh (trychfil, from trychu "to cut" and mil, "animal"), Serbo-Croatian (zareznik, from rezati, "to cut"), Russian (насекомое nasekomoje, from seč'/-sekat', "to cut"), etc.

Q1: What is the Latin term for insect?
A1: insectum
Q2: Who introduced the Latin term for insect, borrowing from the Greek vernacular?
A2: Pliny the Elder
Q3: How many sections does an insect's body appear to be divided?
A3: three
Q4: Which Greek philosopher used the term entomos to describe insects, making reference to their notched bodies?
A4: Aristotle
Q5: In what year is it typically reported that the word insect was first documented in English?
A5: 1601
Q6: Insect means to have a notched or divided what?
A6: body
Q7: Insects are cut into how many sections?
A7: three sections
Q8: Who gave this class of life the name "insect"?
A8: Aristotle
Q9: In what year did the word "insect" appear in a document?
A9: 1601
Q10: Who introduced the Latin version of the word "insect"?
A10: Pliny the Elder
Title: Mammal
Topic: Natural sciences

The word "mammal" is modern, from the scientific name Mammalia coined by Carl Linnaeus in 1758, derived from the Latin mamma ("teat, pap"). All female mammals nurse their young with milk, which is secreted from special glands, the mammary glands. According to Mammal Species of the World, 5,416 species were known in 2006. These were grouped in 1,229 genera, 153 families and 29 orders. In 2008 the IUCN completed a five-year, 1,700-scientist Global Mammal Assessment for its IUCN Red List, which counted 5,488 accepted species.

Q1: Who coined the name "mammal" from the scientific name Mammalia?
A1: Carl Linnaeus
Q2: What do all female mammals have in common when they have children?
A2: nurse their young with milk
Q3: How many mammals were known to exist up to 2006?
A3: 5,416
Q4: How many families did mammals consist of as of 2006?
A4: 153 families
Title: Paper
Topic: Natural sciences

The word "paper" is etymologically derived from Latin papyrus, which comes from the Greek πάπυρος (papuros), the word for the Cyperus papyrus plant. Papyrus is a thick, paper-like material produced from the pith of the Cyperus papyrus plant, which was used in ancient Egypt and other Mediterranean cultures for writing before the introduction of paper into the Middle East and Europe. Although the word paper is etymologically derived from papyrus, the two are produced very differently and the development of the first is distinct from the development of the second. Papyrus is a lamination of natural plant fibres, while paper is manufactured from fibres whose properties have been changed by maceration.

Q1: What Latin word is paper derived from?
A1: Papyrus
Q2: What language is papyrus derived from?
A2: Greek
Q3: What process changes the properties of the fibres used in papermaking?
A3: maceration
Q4: What plant was used in Egypt to make papyrus?
A4: Cyperus
Q5: What part of the Cyperus plant was used in making papyrus?
A5: the pith
Title: Police
Topic: Social sciences and society

The word "police" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were "disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th century, the first use of the word "police" recorded in government documents in the United Kingdom was the appointment of Commissioners of Police for Scotland in 1714 and the creation of the Marine Police in 1798.

Q1: When did the French language adopt the word 'police'?
A1: in the 18th century
Q2: What language did French borrow the word 'police' from?
A2: English
Q3: Which dictionary said police were 'a symbol of foreign oppression'?
A3: Britannica 1911
Q4: When were the Marine Police created in the UK?
A4: 1798
Q5: What was the first use of 'police' in the UK?
A5: the appointment of Commissioners of Police for Scotland in 1714
Title: Age_of_Enlightenment
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The word "public" implies the highest level of inclusivity – the public sphere by definition should be open to all. However, this sphere was only public to relative degrees. Enlightenment thinkers frequently contrasted their conception of the "public" with that of the people: Condorcet contrasted "opinion" with populace, Marmontel "the opinion of men of letters" with "the opinion of the multitude," and d'Alembert the "truly enlightened public" with "the blind and noisy multitude". Additionally, most institutions of the public sphere excluded both women and the lower classes. Cross-class influences occurred through noble and lower class participation in areas such as the coffeehouses and the Masonic lodges.

Q1: Whixh population groups were excluded from most institutions of the public sphere?
A1: women and the lower classes
Q2: Which two areas experienced criss-cross influences through noble and lower class participation?
A2: coffeehouses and the Masonic lodges
Q3: Marmontel contrasted "the opinion of men of letters" with what?
A3: "the opinion of the multitude,"
Q4: d'Alembert contrasted the "truly enlightened public" with whom?
A4: "the blind and noisy multitude"
Title: Catalan_language
Topic: Language and literature

The word Catalan derives from the territory of Catalonia, itself of disputed etymology. The main theory suggests that Catalunya (Latin Gathia Launia) derives from the name Gothia or Gauthia ("Land of the Goths"), since the origins of the Catalan counts, lords and people were found in the March of Gothia, whence Gothland > Gothlandia > Gothalania > Catalonia theoretically derived.

Q1: What is Catalan the derivitive of?
A1: Catalonia
Q2: What is the Latin for Calalunya?
A2: Gathia Launia
Q3: Where did the Catalan  people originate?
A3: March of Gothia
Q4: What is the root word from which Catalonia comes?
A4: Gothia
Title: Ottoman_Empire
Topic: History

The word Ottoman is a historical anglicisation of the name of Osman I, the founder of the Empire and of the ruling House of Osman (also known as the Ottoman dynasty). Osman's name in turn was derived from the Persian form of the name ʿUthmān عثمان of ultimately Arabic origin. In Ottoman Turkish, the empire was referred to as Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿOsmâniyye (دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه), (literally "The Supreme State of the Ottomans") or alternatively Osmanlı Devleti (عثمانلى دولتى).[dn 5] In Modern Turkish, it is known as Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ("Ottoman Empire") or Osmanlı Devleti ("The Ottoman State").

Q1: An anglicization of the name Osman I results in what word?
A1: Ottoman
Q2: What house was the founder of the Ottoman empire?
A2: House of Osman
Q3: What was another name for the Ottoman Dynasty? 
A3: House of Osman
Q4: What is the origin of Osman's name?
A4: Arabic
Q5: In a literal sense what was the Ottoman empire referred to as?
A5: The Supreme State of the Ottomans
Title: Beer
Topic: Agriculture, food, and drink

The word ale comes from Old English ealu (plural ealoþ), in turn from Proto-Germanic *alu (plural *aluþ), ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European base *h₂elut-, which holds connotations of "sorcery, magic, possession, intoxication". The word beer comes from Old English bēor, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą, probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeusóm, originally "brewer's yeast, beer dregs", although other theories have been provided connecting the word with Old English bēow, "barley", or Latin bibere, "to drink". On the currency of two words for the same thing in the Germanic languages, the 12th-century Old Icelandic poem Alvíssmál says, "Ale it is called among men, but among the gods, beer."

Q1: What is the origin of the word ale?
A1: Old English ealu
Q2: What is the origin of the word beer?
A2: Old English bēor
Q3: What word means to drink in Latin?
A3: bibere
Q4: What 12th century poet once wrote "Ale it is called among men, but among the gods, beer."?
A4: Alvíssmál
Title: Asphalt
Topic: Natural sciences

The word asphalt is derived from the late Middle English, in turn from French asphalte, based on Late Latin asphalton, asphaltum, which is the latinisation of the Greek ἄσφαλτος (ásphaltos, ásphalton), a word meaning "asphalt/bitumen/pitch", which perhaps derives from ἀ-, "without" and σφάλλω (sfallō), "make fall". Note that in French, the term asphalte is used for naturally occurring bitumen-soaked limestone deposits, and for specialised manufactured products with fewer voids or greater bitumen content than the "asphaltic concrete" used to pave roads. It is a significant fact that the first use of asphalt by the ancients was in the nature of a cement for securing or joining together various objects, and it thus seems likely that the name itself was expressive of this application. Specifically Herodotus mentioned that bitumen was brought to Babylon to build its gigantic fortification wall. From the Greek, the word passed into late Latin, and thence into French (asphalte) and English ("asphaltum" and "asphalt").

Q1: What is the last origination of the word asphalt?
A1: late Middle English
Q2: From what language does asphalt initially come?
A2: Greek
Q3: What are the meanings of the Greek word for asphalt?
A3: asphalt/bitumen/pitch
Q4: What is the French term for natural asphalt?
A4: asphalte
Q5: To construct what feature was asphalt brought to Babylon?
A5: wall
Title: Gene
Topic: Natural sciences

The word gene is derived (via pangene) from the Ancient Greek word γένος (génos) meaning "race, offspring". Gene was coined in 1909 by Danish botanist Wilhelm Johannsen to describe the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity, while the related word genetics was first used by William Bateson in 1905.

Q1: What ancient Greek word is the word 'gene' derived from?
A1: γένος (génos)
Q2: What does the ancient Greek word 'génos' mean?
A2: "race, offspring"
Q3: What Danish botanist coined the word 'gene'?
A3: Wilhelm Johannsen
Q4: What was the word 'gene' used to describe in 1909?
A4: the fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity
Q5: Who first used the word 'genetics' in 1905?
A5: William Bateson
Title: Genocide
Topic: History

The word genocide was later included as a descriptive term to the process of indictment, but not yet as a formal legal term According to Lemming, genocide was defined as "a coordinated strategy to destroy a group of people, a process that could be accomplished through total annihilation as well as strategies that eliminate key elements of the group's basic existence, including language, culture, and economic infrastructure.” He created a concept of mobilizing much of the international relations and community, to working together and preventing the occurrence of such events happening within history and the international society. Australian anthropologist Peg LeVine coined the term "ritualcide" to describe the destruction of a group's cultural identity without necessarily destroying its members.

Q1: Prior to being a formal legal term, how was the word "genocide" used in an indictment scenario?
A1: as a descriptive term
Q2: Who ultimately defined genocide as a series of strategies leading up to the annihilation of an entire group?
A2: Lemming
Q3: Lemming's concept of genocide triggered legal action in which realm?
A3: international relations and community
Q4: What was the nationality of anthropologist Peg LeVine?
A4: Australian
Q5: What relative term did LeVine coin to refer to cultural destruction, without the death of its members?
A5: "ritualcide"
Title: Guinea-Bissau
Topic: Geography and places

The word gumbe is sometimes used generically, to refer to any music of the country, although it most specifically refers to a unique style that fuses about ten of the country's folk music traditions. Tina and tinga are other popular genres, while extent folk traditions include ceremonial music used in funerals, initiations and other rituals, as well as Balanta brosca and kussundé, Mandinga djambadon, and the kundere sound of the Bissagos Islands.

Q1: What is sometimes used as a generic word for any music of Guinea-Bissau?
A1: gumbe
Q2: Gumbe fuses how many of the country's folk music traditions?
A2: about ten
Q3: Other than gumbe, what are two popular music genres?
A3: Tina and tinga
Q4: What sound comes from the Bissagos Islands?
A4: kundere
Q5: What type of tradition includes ceremonial music used in funerals?
A5: folk
Title: Gymnastics
Topic: Sports and recreation

The word gymnastics derives from the common Greek adjective γυμνός (gymnos) meaning "naked", by way of the related verb γυμνάζω (gymnazo), whose meaning is to train naked", "train in gymnastic exercise", generally "to train, to exercise". The verb had this meaning, because athletes in ancient times exercised and competed without clothing. It came into use in the 1570s, from Latin gymnasticus, from Greek gymnastikos "fond of or skilled in bodily exercise," from gymnazein "to exercise or train" (see gymnasium).

Q1: What Greek word did gymnastics derive from?
A1: γυμνός (gymnos) meaning "naked"
Q2: What does the  verb gymnazo mean?
A2: to train naked", "train in gymnastic exercise", generally "to train, to exercise"
Q3: Why was this verb used?
A3: because athletes in ancient times exercised and competed without clothing
Q4: When did the word come into use?
A4: 1570s
Title: Madrasa
Topic: Language and literature

The word madrasah derives from the triconsonantal Semitic root د-ر-س D-R-S 'to learn, study', through the wazn (form/stem) مفعل(ة)‎; mafʻal(ah), meaning "a place where something is done". Therefore, madrasah literally means "a place where learning and studying take place". The word is also present as a loanword with the same innocuous meaning in many Arabic-influenced languages, such as: Urdu, Bengali, Hindi, Persian, Turkish, Azeri, Kurdish, Indonesian, Malay and Bosnian / Croatian. In the Arabic language, the word مدرسة madrasah simply means the same as school does in the English language, whether that is private, public or parochial school, as well as for any primary or secondary school whether Muslim, non-Muslim, or secular. Unlike the use of the word school in British English, the word madrasah more closely resembles the term school in American English, in that it can refer to a university-level or post-graduate school as well as to a primary or secondary school. For example, in the Ottoman Empire during the Early Modern Period, madaris had lower schools and specialised schools where the students became known as danişmends. The usual Arabic word for a university, however, is جامعة (jāmiʻah). The Hebrew cognate midrasha also connotes the meaning of a place of learning; the related term midrash literally refers to study or learning, but has acquired mystical and religious connotations.

Q1: What are the root origins of the word madrasah?
A1: triconsonantal Semitic
Q2: What is the literal translation of madrasah?
A2: a place where learning and studying take place
Q3: In Arabic, what does madarasah mean?
A3: same as school does in the English language
Q4: During the Ottoman Empire, what types of schools were typical?
A4: lower schools and specialised
Q5: What were the students in madaris called?
A5: danişmends
Title: Phonology
Topic: Language and literature

The word phonology (as in the phonology of English) can also refer to the phonological system (sound system) of a given language. This is one of the fundamental systems which a language is considered to comprise, like its syntax and its vocabulary.

Q1: What part of a language can phonology as a word also refer to?
A1: the phonological system
Q2: What is another term for phonological system?
A2: sound system
Q3: Aside from syntax and the phonological system, what else comprises a language?
A3: vocabulary
Q4: What sort of language system is phonology?
A4: fundamental
Title: Phonology
Topic: Language and literature

The word phonology comes from the Greek φωνή, phōnḗ, "voice, sound," and the suffix -logy (which is from Greek λόγος, lógos, "word, speech, subject of discussion"). Definitions of the term vary. Nikolai Trubetzkoy in Grundzüge der Phonologie (1939) defines phonology as "the study of sound pertaining to the system of language," as opposed to phonetics, which is "the study of sound pertaining to the act of speech" (the distinction between language and speech being basically Saussure's distinction between langue and parole). More recently, Lass (1998) writes that phonology refers broadly to the subdiscipline of linguistics concerned with the sounds of language, while in more narrow terms, "phonology proper is concerned with the function, behavior and organization of sounds as linguistic items." According to Clark et al. (2007), it means the systematic use of sound to encode meaning in any spoken human language, or the field of linguistics studying this use.

Q1: What language does phonology as a word come from?
A1: Greek
Q2: What Greek word is -logy derived from?
A2: lógos
Q3: Who in 1939 defined phonology?
A3: Nikolai Trubetzkoy
Q4: A distinction was drawn between language and what?
A4: speech
Q5: When did Lass write about phonology?
A5: 1998
Title: Quran
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The word qurʼān appears about 70 times in the Quran itself, assuming various meanings. It is a verbal noun (maṣdar) of the Arabic verb qaraʼa (قرأ), meaning "he read" or "he recited". The Syriac equivalent is (ܩܪܝܢܐ) qeryānā, which refers to "scripture reading" or "lesson". While some Western scholars consider the word to be derived from the Syriac, the majority of Muslim authorities hold the origin of the word is qaraʼa itself. Regardless, it had become an Arabic term by Muhammad's lifetime. An important meaning of the word is the "act of reciting", as reflected in an early Quranic passage: "It is for Us to collect it and to recite it (qurʼānahu)."

Q1: From which Arabic verb might "Quran" be derived?
A1: qaraʼa
Q2: What Syriac word might be related to "Quran"?
A2: qeryānā
Q3: The words from which the name "Quran" might be described are related to which act?
A3: reciting
Q4: Which word do most Muslim scholars point to as the origin of the Quran's name?
A4: qaraʼa
Title: Slavs
Topic: History

The word slovo ("word") and the related slava ("fame") and slukh ("hearing") originate from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew- ("be spoken of, fame"), cognate with Ancient Greek κλῆς (klês - "famous"), whence the name Pericles, and Latin clueo ("be called"), and English loud.

Q1: Slovo, slava, and slukh all originate from what Proto-Indo-European root?
A1: *ḱlew
Q2: The Ancient Greek κλῆς (klês - "famous") helped create what famous name?
A2: Pericles
Q3: What three words originated from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew- ("be spoken of, fame")?
A3: he word slovo ("word") and the related slava ("fame") and slukh ("hearing")
Title: Antenna_(radio)
Topic: Engineering and technology

The words antenna (plural: antennas in US English, although both "antennas" and "antennae" are used in International English) and aerial are used interchangeably. Occasionally the term "aerial" is used to mean a wire antenna. However, note the important international technical journal, the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. In the United Kingdom and other areas where British English is used, the term aerial is sometimes used although 'antenna' has been universal in professional use for many years.

Q1: What is an acceptable synonym for antenna?
A1: aerial
Q2: What can sometimes be meant by the term aerial specifically?
A2: wire antenna
Q3: What is one way of referring to more than one antenna?
A3: antennae
Q4: What is the most widely accepted term for an electrical device that converts electric power into radio waves?
A4: antenna
Title: Humanism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The words of the comic playwright P. Terentius Afer reverberated across the Roman world of the mid-2nd century BCE and beyond. Terence, an African and a former slave, was well placed to preach the message of universalism, of the essential unity of the human race, that had come down in philosophical form from the Greeks, but needed the pragmatic muscles of Rome in order to become a practical reality. The influence of Terence's felicitous phrase on Roman thinking about human rights can hardly be overestimated. Two hundred years later Seneca ended his seminal exposition of the unity of humankind with a clarion-call:

Q1:  What author had a great impact in Rome?
A1: P. Terentius Afer
Q2: Who was able to spread the idea of equality among all through his words?
A2: Terence
Q3: From where did this school of thought emerge?
A3: the Greeks
Q4: Who again issued the same type of challenge centuries later
A4: Seneca
Q5: What was the name of the main belief Terence offered
A5: universalism
Title: Germans
Topic: Language and literature

The work of David Hilbert and Max Planck was crucial to the foundation of modern physics, which Werner Heisenberg and Erwin Schrödinger developed further. They were preceded by such key physicists as Hermann von Helmholtz, Joseph von Fraunhofer, and Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit, among others. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered X-rays, an accomplishment that made him the first winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901. The Walhalla temple for "laudable and distinguished Germans", features a number of scientists, and is located east of Regensburg, in Bavaria.

Q1: Who discovered X-Rays?
A1: Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
Q2: Who won the first Nobel Prize in Physics?
A2: Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
Q3: In what year, was the first Nobel Prize in Physics won?
A3: 1901
Q4: Where is the Walhalla temple located?
A4: Bavaria
Q5: What two people were important to the creation of modern physics?
A5: David Hilbert and Max Planck
Title: Child_labour
Topic: Social sciences and society

The work of children was important in pre-industrial societies, as children needed to provide their labour for their survival and that of their group. Pre-industrial societies were characterised by low productivity and short life expectancy, preventing children from participating in productive work would be more harmful to their welfare and that of their group in the long run. In pre-industrial societies, there was little need for children to attend school. This is especially the case in non literate societies. Most pre-industrial skill and knowledge were amenable to being passed down through direct mentoring or apprenticing by competent adults.

Q1: Was there a period when child labour was essential?
A1: pre-industrial societies
Q2: Was there a great need for childhood education in a pre-industrial society?
A2: little need for children to attend school
Q3: Who taught the skills needed for the children to work?
A3: competent adults
Q4: Were peopel in pre-industrial societies considered to have long or short lifespans?
A4: short life expectancy
Title: Memory
Topic: Social sciences and society

The working memory model explains many practical observations, such as why it is easier to do two different tasks (one verbal and one visual) than two similar tasks (e.g., two visual), and the aforementioned word-length effect. However, the concept of a central executive as noted here has been criticised as inadequate and vague.[citation needed] Working memory is also the premise for what allows us to do everyday activities involving thought. It is the section of memory where we carry out thought processes and use them to learn and reason about topics.

Q1: Which model explains why bob has an easier time reading a book, and then discussing it rather than reading two books?
A1: working memory model
Q2: Which concept is criticised for being unworthy and too broad?
A2: concept of a central executive
Q3: Which part of memory allows us to go about our daily lives?
A3: Working memory
Title: Virgil
Topic: Language and literature

The works of Virgil almost from the moment of their publication revolutionized Latin poetry. The Eclogues, Georgics, and above all the Aeneid became standard texts in school curricula with which all educated Romans were familiar. Poets following Virgil often refer intertextually to his works to generate meaning in their own poetry. The Augustan poet Ovid parodies the opening lines of the Aeneid in Amores 1.1.1–2, and his summary of the Aeneas story in Book 14 of the Metamorphoses, the so-called "mini-Aeneid", has been viewed as a particularly important example of post-Virgilian response to the epic genre. Lucan's epic, the Bellum Civile has been considered an anti-Virgilian epic, disposing with the divine mechanism, treating historical events, and diverging drastically from Virgilian epic practice. The Flavian poet Statius in his 12-book epic Thebaid engages closely with the poetry of Virgil; in his epilogue he advises his poem not to "rival the divine Aeneid, but follow afar and ever venerate its footsteps." In Silius Italicus, Virgil finds one of his most ardent admirers. With almost every line of his epic Punica Silius references Virgil. Indeed, Silius is known to have bought Virgil's tomb and worshipped the poet. Partially as a result of his so-called "Messianic" Fourth Eclogue—widely interpreted later to have predicted the birth of Jesus Christ—Virgil was in later antiquity imputed to have the magical abilities of a seer; the Sortes Vergilianae, the process of using Virgil's poetry as a tool of divination, is found in the time of Hadrian, and continued into the Middle Ages. In a similar vein Macrobius in the Saturnalia credits the work of Virgil as the embodiment of human knowledge and experience, mirroring the Greek conception of Homer. Virgil also found commentators in antiquity. Servius, a commentator of the 4th century AD, based his work on the commentary of Donatus. Servius' commentary provides us with a great deal of information about Virgil's life, sources, and references; however, many modern scholars find the variable quality of his work and the often simplistic interpretations frustrating.

Q1: Who was one of Virgil's most ardent admirers who referenced Virgil in almost every line of his epic?
A1: Silius Italicus
Q2: .What was the title of Silius Italicus' epic in which Virgil was referenced in almost every line?
A2: Punica
Q3: Who bought Virgil's tomb?
A3: Silius
Q4: Which of Virgil's works was later widely interpreted to have predicted the birth of Jesus Christ?
A4: Fourth Eclogue