LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Montevideo
Topic: Geography and places

Church and state are officially separated since 1916 in Uruguay. The religion with most followers in Montevideo is Roman Catholicism and has been so since the foundation of the city. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montevideo was created as the Apostolic Vicariate of Montevideo in 1830. The vicariate was promoted to the Diocese of Montevideo on 13 July 1878. Pope Leo XIII elevated it to the rank of a metropolitan archdiocese on 14 April 1897. The new archdiocese became the Metropolitan of the suffragan sees of Canelones, Florida, Maldonado–Punta del Este, Melo, Mercedes, Minas, Salto, San José de Mayo, Tacuarembó.

Q1: Church and state have been officially separated in Uruguay since what year?
A1: 1916
Q2: What religion has the most followers in Montevideo?
A2: Roman Catholicism
Q3: When was the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Montevideo created?
A3: 1830
Title: Greece
Topic: Geography and places

Cinema first appeared in Greece in 1896 but the first actual cine-theatre was opened in 1907. In 1914 the Asty Films Company was founded and the production of long films began. Golfo (Γκόλφω), a well known traditional love story, is considered the first Greek feature film, although there were several minor productions such as newscasts before this. In 1931 Orestis Laskos directed Daphnis and Chloe (Δάφνις και Χλόη), containing the first nude scene in the history of European cinema; it was also the first Greek movie which was played abroad. In 1944 Katina Paxinou was honoured with the Best Supporting Actress Academy Award for For Whom the Bell Tolls.

Q1: What year did cinema first appear in Greece?
A1: 1896
Q2: In what year did the first cinema theater open in Greece?
A2: 1907
Q3: In 1914 what was the name of the film company that was founded?
A3: Asty Films
Q4: What was the first Greek feature film?
A4: Golfo
Q5: Who directed the first nude scene in Greek film history?
A5: Orestis Laskos
Title: Circadian_rhythm
Topic: Natural sciences

Circadian rhythms allow organisms to anticipate and prepare for precise and regular environmental changes. They thus enable organisms to best capitalize on environmental resources (e.g. light and food) compared to those that cannot predict such availability. It has therefore been suggested that circadian rhythms put organisms at a selective advantage in evolutionary terms. However, rhythmicity appears to be as important in regulating and coordinating internal metabolic processes, as in coordinating with the environment. This is suggested by the maintenance (heritability) of circadian rhythms in fruit flies after several hundred generations in constant laboratory conditions, as well as in creatures in constant darkness in the wild, and by the experimental elimination of behavioral, but not physiological, circadian rhythms in quail.

Q1: For what do Circadian rhythms let an organism prepare?
A1: environmental changes
Q2: What can an organism that uses circadian rhythms use to its advantage that others can not?
A2: resources
Q3: By better using resources, how does that improve an organism's chances of surviving?
A3: selective advantage
Q4: By improving what processes does the use of circadian rhythms serve to benefit the individual?
A4: internal metabolic
Q5: What insect has been studied concerning the inheritability of rhythms?
A5: fruit flies
Title: Alaska
Topic: Geography and places

Cities not served by road, sea, or river can be reached only by air, foot, dogsled, or snowmachine, accounting for Alaska's extremely well developed bush air services—an Alaskan novelty. Anchorage and, to a lesser extent Fairbanks, is served by many major airlines. Because of limited highway access, air travel remains the most efficient form of transportation in and out of the state. Anchorage recently completed extensive remodeling and construction at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport to help accommodate the upsurge in tourism (in 2012-2013, Alaska received almost 2 million visitors).

Q1: Which two cities are served by major airlines?
A1: Anchorage and, to a lesser extent Fairbanks
Q2: What is the most efficient means of transportation into and out of Alaska?
A2: air travel
Q3: How many visitors came to Alaska between 2012-2013?
A3: almost 2 million
Title: Dog
Topic: Natural sciences

Citing a 2008 study, the U.S. Center for Disease Control estimated in 2015 that 4.5 million people in the USA are bitten by dogs each year. A 2015 study estimated that 1.8% of the U.S. population is bitten each year. In the 1980s and 1990s the US averaged 17 fatalities per year, while in the 2000s this has increased to 26. 77% of dog bites are from the pet of family or friends, and 50% of attacks occur on the property of the dog's legal owner.

Q1: How many people are bitten by dogs every year in America?
A1: 4.5 million
Q2: During the 1980s and 1990s, how many people were killed annually because of dog bites?
A2: 17
Q3: In the 2000s, how many people died every year because of dog bites?
A3: 26
Q4: According to a 2008 CDC report, how many are bitten in the United States annually?
A4: 4.5 million
Q5: What decade saw an increase from 17 to 26 deaths caused by dogs?
A5: 2000s
Title: Korean_War
Topic: Warfare

Citing the inability of the Joint Commission to make progress, the U.S. government decided to hold an election under United Nations auspices with the aim of creating an independent Korea. The Soviet authorities and the Korean Communists refused to co-operate on the grounds it would not be fair, and many South Korean politicians also boycotted it. A general election was held in the South on 10 May 1948. It was marred by terrorism and sabotage resulting in 600 deaths. North Korea held parliamentary elections three months later on 25 August.

Q1: What did the Joint Commission's lack of progress cause the US government to do?
A1: hold an election
Q2: Why did the Korean Communists and the Soviets refuse to cooperate in the elections and creation of independent Korea?
A2: it would not be fair
Q3: When was the South Korean general election held?
A3: 10 May 1948
Q4: What problems did the elections face?
A4: terrorism and sabotage
Q5: Who held parliamentary elections on August 25, 1948?
A5: North Korea
Title: Roman_Republic
Topic: History

Citizens were organized on the basis of centuries and tribes, which would each gather into their own assemblies. The Comitia Centuriata ("Centuriate Assembly") was the assembly of the centuries (i.e. soldiers). The president of the Comitia Centuriata was usually a consul. The centuries would vote, one at a time, until a measure received support from a majority of the centuries. The Comitia Centuriata would elect magistrates who had imperium powers (consuls and praetors). It also elected censors. Only the Comitia Centuriata could declare war, and ratify the results of a census. It also served as the highest court of appeal in certain judicial cases.

Q1: What Roman assembly elected both magistrates and censors?
A1: Comitia Centuriata
Q2: What profession of people made up the entireity of the Comitia Centuriata?
A2: centuries
Q3: Would the Comitia Centuriata occasionally be called upon to serve as the highest court of appeal?
A3: It also served as the highest court of appeal in certain judicial cases
Q4: Which elected official had imperium powers?
A4: magistrates
Title: Imperial_College_London
Topic: History

City and Guilds College was founded in 1876 from a meeting of 16 of the City of London's livery companies for the Advancement of Technical Education (CGLI), which aimed to improve the training of craftsmen, technicians, technologists, and engineers. The two main objectives were to create a Central Institution in London and to conduct a system of qualifying examinations in technical subjects. Faced with their continuing inability to find a substantial site, the Companies were eventually persuaded by the Secretary of the Science and Art Department, General Sir John Donnelly (who was also a Royal Engineer) to found their institution on the eighty-seven acre (350,000 m²) site at South Kensington bought by the 1851 Exhibition Commissioners (for GBP 342,500) for 'purposes of art and science' in perpetuity. The latter two colleges were incorporated by Royal Charter into the Imperial College of Science and Technology and the CGLI Central Technical College was renamed the City and Guilds College in 1907, but not incorporated into Imperial College until 1910.

Q1: When was the City and Guilds College founded?
A1: 1876
Q2: What was the aim of the City and Guilds College when it was founded?
A2: improve the training of craftsmen, technicians, technologists, and engineers
Q3: What were the main objectives of establishing the City and Guilds College?
A3: to create a Central Institution in London and to conduct a system of qualifying examinations in technical subjects
Q4: How much did the 1851 Exhibition Commissioners pay for the land that became the City and Guilds College?
A4: GBP 342,500
Q5: What was the former name of the City and Guilds College?
A5: CGLI Central Technical College
Q6: Which college was founded in 1876?
A6: City and Guilds College
Q7: How many livery companies were in the meeting that founded the college?
A7: 16
Q8: What does CGLI stand for?
A8: Advancement of Technical Education
Q9: Other than conducting a system of qualifying examinations, what was the other main objective of the meeting of CGLI?
A9: to create a Central Institution in London
Q10: How large was the land (in acres) that the institution was founded on?
A10: eighty-seven
Title: Strasbourg
Topic: Geography and places

City transportation in Strasbourg includes the futurist-looking Strasbourg tramway that opened in 1994 and is operated by the regional transit company Compagnie des Transports Strasbourgeois (CTS), consisting of 6 lines with a total length of 55.8 km (34.7 mi). The CTS also operates a comprehensive bus network throughout the city that is integrated with the trams. With more than 500 km (311 mi) of bicycle paths, biking in the city is convenient and the CTS operates a cheap bike-sharing scheme named Vélhop'. The CTS, and its predecessors, also operated a previous generation of tram system between 1878 and 1960, complemented by trolleybus routes between 1939 and 1962.

Q1: What year did the Strasbourg tramway open? 
A1: 1994
Q2: Who operates the Strasbourg tramway?
A2: regional transit company Compagnie des Transports Strasbourgeois
Q3: How many lines does the Strasbourg tramway have?
A3: 6
Q4: What is the length of the Strasbourg tramway in total?
A4: 55.8 km
Q5: How far do bike paths stretch in Strasbourg?
A5: 500 km
Title: Somalis
Topic: Geography and places

Civil strife in the early 1990s greatly increased the size of the Somali diaspora, as many of the best educated Somalis left for the Middle East, Europe and North America. In Canada, the cities of Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Hamilton all harbor Somali populations. Statistics Canada's 2006 census ranks people of Somali descent as the 69th largest ethnic group in Canada.

Q1: What led to an increase in the number of Somalis leaving the country?
A1: Civil strife
Q2: Along with the Middle East and North America, to what continent did the Somali diaspora go in the 1990s?
A2: Europe
Q3: Along with Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Winnipeg, Hamilton and Vancouver, what Canadian city has a significant Somali population?
A3: Toronto
Q4: As of 2006, where did Somalis rank in terms of population by ethnicity in Canada?
A4: 69th
Title: Textual_criticism
Topic: Language and literature

Cladistics is a technique borrowed from biology, where it was originally named phylogenetic systematics by Willi Hennig. In biology, the technique is used to determine the evolutionary relationships between different species. In its application in textual criticism, the text of a number of different manuscripts is entered into a computer, which records all the differences between them. The manuscripts are then grouped according to their shared characteristics. The difference between cladistics and more traditional forms of statistical analysis is that, rather than simply arranging the manuscripts into rough groupings according to their overall similarity, cladistics assumes that they are part of a branching family tree and uses that assumption to derive relationships between them. This makes it more like an automated approach to stemmatics. However, where there is a difference, the computer does not attempt to decide which reading is closer to the original text, and so does not indicate which branch of the tree is the "root"—which manuscript tradition is closest to the original. Other types of evidence must be used for that purpose.

Q1: What is the biological basis for Cladistics?
A1: to determine the evolutionary relationships between different species
Q2: How is evolution applied to textual criticism?
A2: manuscripts are then grouped according to their shared characteristics
Q3: How is cladistics similar to the stemmatic method?
A3: cladistics assumes that they are part of a branching family tree
Q4: What is the main difference between cladistics and stemmatics?
A4: does not indicate which branch of the tree is the "root"
Title: Race_(human_categorization)
Topic: Natural sciences

Cladistics is another method of classification. A clade is a taxonomic group of organisms consisting of a single common ancestor and all the descendants of that ancestor. Every creature produced by sexual reproduction has two immediate lineages, one maternal and one paternal. Whereas Carl Linnaeus established a taxonomy of living organisms based on anatomical similarities and differences, cladistics seeks to establish a taxonomy—the phylogenetic tree—based on genetic similarities and differences and tracing the process of acquisition of multiple characteristics by single organisms. Some researchers have tried to clarify the idea of race by equating it to the biological idea of the clade. Often mitochondrial DNA or Y chromosome sequences are used to study ancient human migration paths. These single-locus sources of DNA do not recombine and are inherited from a single parent. Individuals from the various continental groups tend to be more similar to one another than to people from other continents, and tracing either mitochondrial DNA or non-recombinant Y-chromosome DNA explains how people in one place may be largely derived from people in some remote location.

Q1: What is cladistics a method of?
A1: classification
Q2: What is a clade a taxonomic group of?
A2: organisms
Q3: How many common ancestors does a clade have?
A3: single
Q4: What is another term for a phylogenetic tree?
A4: taxonomy
Q5: Which chromosome sequences are used to study ancient human migration paths?
A5: Y
Title: Neptune
Topic: Natural sciences

Claiming the right to name his discovery, Le Verrier quickly proposed the name Neptune for this new planet, though falsely stating that this had been officially approved by the French Bureau des Longitudes. In October, he sought to name the planet Le Verrier, after himself, and he had loyal support in this from the observatory director, François Arago. This suggestion met with stiff resistance outside France. French almanacs quickly reintroduced the name Herschel for Uranus, after that planet's discoverer Sir William Herschel, and Leverrier for the new planet.

Q1: Who claimed the right to name Neptune? 
A1: Le Verrier
Q2: What did the discoverer want to name Neptune first? 
A2: Le Verrier
Q3: What country approved Neptune's first name? 
A3: France
Q4: What first introduced Neptune and Uranus's names? 
A4: French almanacs
Q5: Who did not approve of the first name for Neptune? 
A5: French Bureau des Longitudes
Title: History_of_India
Topic: History

Classical India refers to the period when much of the Indian subcontinent was reunited under the Gupta Empire (c. 320–550 CE). This period has been called the Golden Age of India and was marked by extensive achievements in science, technology, engineering, art, dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy, religion, and philosophy that crystallized the elements of what is generally known as Hindu culture. The Hindu-Arabic numerals, a positional numeral system, originated in India and was later transmitted to the West through the Arabs. Early Hindu numerals had only nine symbols, until 600 to 800 CE, when a symbol for zero was developed for the numeral system. The peace and prosperity created under leadership of Guptas enabled the pursuit of scientific and artistic endeavors in India.

Q1: By what is India under the Gupta Empire referered?
A1: Classical India
Q2: What was the time span of the Gupta Empire?
A2: c. 320–550 CE
Q3: What is the period of the Gupta Empire called?
A3: Golden Age of India
Q4: What philosophy  formed at the time of the Gupta Empire?
A4: Hindu culture
Q5: What numeral system originated in India?
A5: Hindu-Arabic
Title: Immunology
Topic: Natural sciences

Classical immunology ties in with the fields of epidemiology and medicine. It studies the relationship between the body systems, pathogens, and immunity. The earliest written mention of immunity can be traced back to the plague of Athens in 430 BCE. Thucydides noted that people who had recovered from a previous bout of the disease could nurse the sick without contracting the illness a second time. Many other ancient societies have references to this phenomenon, but it was not until the 19th and 20th centuries before the concept developed into scientific theory.

Q1: Which two fields of study are associated with immunology?
A1: epidemiology and medicine
Q2: Immunology studies how which three areas impact one another?
A2: the body systems, pathogens, and immunity
Q3: When was the first written mention of immunity as it pertains to the body?
A3: 430 BCE
Q4: Which Greek historian made that notation?
A4: Thucydides
Q5: When did immunology start to become codified as a scientific theory?
A5: 19th and 20th centuries
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

Classical music has often incorporated elements or material from popular music of the composer's time. Examples include occasional music such as Brahms' use of student drinking songs in his Academic Festival Overture, genres exemplified by Kurt Weill's The Threepenny Opera, and the influence of jazz on early- and mid-20th-century composers including Maurice Ravel, exemplified by the movement entitled "Blues" in his sonata for violin and piano. Certain postmodern, minimalist and postminimalist classical composers acknowledge a debt to popular music.

Q1: Popular music from the composer's time was incorporation into what?
A1: Classical music
Q2: What did Brahms sometimes use in his Academic Festival Overture?
A2: student drinking songs
Q3: What type of music was Maurice Ravel influenced by?
A3: jazz
Q4: Who wrote The Threepenny Opera?
A4: Kurt Weill
Q5: What type of music do certain composers acknowledge a debt to?
A5: popular
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western music, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music. While a similar term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from roughly the 11th century to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods. The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common practice period. The major time divisions of classical music are as follows: the early music period, which includes the Medieval (500–1400) and the Renaissance (1400–1600) eras; the Common practice period, which includes the Baroque (1600–1750), Classical (1750–1820), and Romantic eras (1804–1910); and the 20th century (1901–2000) which includes the modern (1890–1930) that overlaps from the late 19th-century, the high modern (mid 20th-century), and contemporary or postmodern (1975–2015) eras.[citation needed]

Q1: What term is used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820?
A1: the Classical period
Q2: What years are termed the Renaissance period?
A2: 1400–1600
Q3: What years are termed the Baroque period? 
A3: 1600–1750
Q4: From 1804-1910 was called what era?
A4: Romantic
Q5: Classical music is rooted in what kind of tradition? 
A5: Western music
Q6: Classical music is rooted the the traditions of what kind of music?
A6: Western
Q7: What is the period from 1750 to 1820 called?
A7: the Classical period
Q8: What time period is known at the common practice period?
A8: between 1550 and 1900
Q9: When was the modern era?
A9: 1890–1930
Title: Classical_music
Topic: Music

Classical musicians continued to use many of instruments from the Baroque era, such as the cello, contrabass, recorder, trombone, timpani, fortepiano and organ. While some Baroque instruments fell into disuse (e.g., the theorbo and rackett), many Baroque instruments were changed into the versions that are still in use today, such as the Baroque violin (which became the violin), the Baroque oboe (which became the oboe) and the Baroque trumpet, which transitioned to the regular valved trumpet.

Q1: Classical musicians continued to use many instruments from what era?
A1: Baroque
Q2: The theorbo and what other Baroque instrument fell into disuse?
A2: rackett
Q3: The Baroque violin became what modern instrument?
A3: the violin
Q4: What did the Baroque trumpet become?
A4: the regular valved trumpet
Title: Planck_constant
Topic: Mathematics

Classical statistical mechanics requires the existence of h (but does not define its value). Eventually, following upon Planck's discovery, it was recognized that physical action cannot take on an arbitrary value. Instead, it must be some multiple of a very small quantity, the "quantum of action", now called the Planck constant. Classical physics cannot explain this fact. In many cases, such as for monochromatic light or for atoms, this quantum of action also implies that only certain energy levels are allowed, and values in between are forbidden.

Q1: Classical statistical mechanics requires the existence of what?
A1: h
Q2: What was realized after Planck's discovery?
A2: that physical action cannot take on an arbitrary value
Q3: What is the Planck constant formerly known as?
A3: quantum of action
Q4: Regarding atoms, what does the Planck constant imply?
A4: that only certain energy levels are allowed
Q5: Regarding atoms, what are values in between certain energy levels considered by the Planck constant?
A5: forbidden
Q6: Following Planck's discovery, what was realized about values of physical action?
A6: physical action cannot take on an arbitrary value
Q7: The Planck constant initially was given what name?
A7: the "quantum of action"
Q8: How is the proportional nature of the Planck constant explained?
A8: Classical physics cannot explain this fact
Q9: For certain cases of light or atoms, what does the quantum of action yield?
A9: only certain energy levels are allowed, and values in between are forbidden.
Title: Predation
Topic: Natural sciences

Classification of predators by the extent to which they feed on and interact with their prey is one way ecologists may wish to categorize the different types of predation. Instead of focusing on what they eat, this system classifies predators by the way in which they eat, and the general nature of the interaction between predator and prey species. Two factors are considered here: How close the predator and prey are (in the latter two cases the term prey may be replaced with host) and whether or not the prey are directly murdered by the predator is considered, with true predation and parasitoidism involving certain death.

Q1: How many synergetic qualities are there in the predator-prey mechanism? 
A1: Two factors
Q2: Proximity and the ending of life is called? 
A2: true predation
Q3: If the prey is not killed the predator-prey interaction is called? 
A3: parasitoidism
Q4: Instead of what predators eat, how else can they be classified?
A4: the way in which they eat
Q5: Certain death is involved with true predation and what other classification?
A5: parasitoidism
Q6: The study in which ecologists examine the way predators interact with their prey is called what?
A6: predation
Title: Bacteria
Topic: Natural sciences

Classification seeks to describe the diversity of bacterial species by naming and grouping organisms based on similarities. Bacteria can be classified on the basis of cell structure, cellular metabolism or on differences in cell components, such as DNA, fatty acids, pigments, antigens and quinones. While these schemes allowed the identification and classification of bacterial strains, it was unclear whether these differences represented variation between distinct species or between strains of the same species. This uncertainty was due to the lack of distinctive structures in most bacteria, as well as lateral gene transfer between unrelated species. Due to lateral gene transfer, some closely related bacteria can have very different morphologies and metabolisms. To overcome this uncertainty, modern bacterial classification emphasizes molecular systematics, using genetic techniques such as guanine cytosine ratio determination, genome-genome hybridization, as well as sequencing genes that have not undergone extensive lateral gene transfer, such as the rRNA gene. Classification of bacteria is determined by publication in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, and Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology (ICSB) maintains international rules for the naming of bacteria and taxonomic categories and for the ranking of them in the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria.

Q1: How can we classify the vast variety of bacterial species?
A1: grouping organisms based on similarities
Q2: Can classification be helpful in determining differences between distinct species?
A2: unclear
Q3: What supports the uncertainty in classification between the same kind of bacteria?
A3: lack of distinctive structures in most bacteria,
Q4: What can lateral gene transfer create in bacteria?
A4: different morphologies and metabolisms
Q5: What is the way modern classification tries to determine species?
A5: emphasizes molecular systematics
Title: Santa_Monica,_California
Topic: Geography and places

Classified as a Subtropical Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb), Santa Monica enjoys an average of 310 days of sunshine a year. It is located in USDA plant hardiness zone 11a. Because of its location, nestled on the vast and open Santa Monica Bay, morning fog is a common phenomenon in May, June and early July (caused by ocean temperature variations and currents). Like other inhabitants of the greater Los Angeles area, residents have a particular terminology for this phenomenon: the "May Gray" and the "June Gloom". Overcast skies are common during June mornings, but usually the strong sun burns the fog off by noon. In the late winter/early summer, daily fog is a phenomenon too. It happens suddenly and it may last some hours or past sunset time. Nonetheless, it will sometimes stay cloudy and cool all day during June, even as other parts of the Los Angeles area enjoy sunny skies and warmer temperatures. At times, the sun can be shining east of 20th Street, while the beach area is overcast. As a general rule, the beach temperature is from 5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit (3 to 6 degrees Celsius) cooler than it is inland during summer days, and 5–10 degrees warmer during winter nights.

Q1: Roughly how many days of sunshine does Santa Monica get annually? 
A1: 310
Q2: What USDA hardiness zone is Santa Monica located in?
A2: 11a
Q3: What commonly occurs on the mornings in May?
A3: fog
Q4: What have locals coined the morning time in May?
A4: "May Gray"
Q5: What is the beach temperature in Fahrenheit during the summer ? 
A5: 5 to 10 degrees
Title: Poultry
Topic: Natural sciences

Clay models of ducks found in China dating back to 4000 BC may indicate the domestication of ducks took place there during the Yangshao culture. Even if this is not the case, domestication of the duck took place in the Far East at least 1500 years earlier than in the West. Lucius Columella, writing in the first century BC, advised those who sought to rear ducks to collect wildfowl eggs and put them under a broody hen, because when raised in this way, the ducks "lay aside their wild nature and without hesitation breed when shut up in the bird pen". Despite this, ducks did not appear in agricultural texts in Western Europe until about 810 AD, when they began to be mentioned alongside geese, chickens, and peafowl as being used for rental payments made by tenants to landowners.

Q1: How long have ducks possibly been in domesticated domicile with humans?
A1: Clay models of ducks found in China dating back to 4000 BC may indicate the domestication of ducks took place there during the Yangshao culture
Q2: How far behind the east society was the western culture in domesticating ducks?
A2: domestication of the duck took place in the Far East at least 1500 years earlier than in the West
Q3: How did Lucius Columella recommend that one go abbout the business of domesticating ducks.?
A3: collect wildfowl eggs and put them under a broody hen,
Q4: When did ducks begin to appear in the books of Western Europeon Society ?
A4: ducks did not appear in agricultural texts in Western Europe until about 810 AD
Q5: Where ducks ever used as a type of commerence in the world?
A5: mentioned alongside geese, chickens, and peafowl as being used for rental payments made by tenants to landowners.
Title: Computer_security
Topic: Engineering and technology

Clickjacking, also known as "UI redress attack or User Interface redress attack", is a malicious technique in which an attacker tricks a user into clicking on a button or link on another webpage while the user intended to click on the top level page. This is done using multiple transparent or opaque layers. The attacker is basically "hijacking" the clicks meant for the top level page and routing them to some other irrelevant page, most likely owned by someone else. A similar technique can be used to hijack keystrokes. Carefully drafting a combination of stylesheets, iframes, buttons and text boxes, a user can be led into believing that they are typing the password or other information on some authentic webpage while it is being channeled into an invisible frame controlled by the attacker.

Q1: UI redress attack or User Interface redress attack is also known as what?
A1: Clickjacking
Q2: What is a malicious technique in which an attacker tricks the user into clicking on a button or link?
A2: Clickjacking
Q3: Where are the clicks meant for the top level page routed?
A3: some other irrelevant page
Q4: Where would a password typed on a seemingly authetic webpage be directed?
A4: into an invisible frame controlled by the attacker
Q5: How istricking the user accomplished in clickjacking?
A5: using multiple transparent or opaque layers
Title: Immunology
Topic: Natural sciences

Clinical immunology is the study of diseases caused by disorders of the immune system (failure, aberrant action, and malignant growth of the cellular elements of the system). It also involves diseases of other systems, where immune reactions play a part in the pathology and clinical features.

Q1: The study of diseases caused by immune system disorders is called?
A1: Clinical immunology
Q2: What are three problems of the immune system studied by clinical immunology?
A2: failure, aberrant action, and malignant growth
Q3: Where can these three elements occur in the immune system?
A3: cellular elements
Q4: What else does clinical immunology concern itself with?
A4: diseases of other systems
Q5: Why does clinical immunology extend to those areas?
A5: immune reactions play a part in the pathology and clinical features
Title: Charleston,_South_Carolina
Topic: Geography and places

Clinton returned in 1780 with 14,000 soldiers. American General Benjamin Lincoln was trapped and surrendered his entire 5,400-man force after a long fight, and the Siege of Charles Towne was the greatest American defeat of the war. Several Americans who escaped the carnage joined other militias, including those of Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox"; and Andrew Pickens. The British retained control of the city until December 1782. After the British left, the city's name was officially changed to Charleston in 1783.

Q1: What was the greatest American defeat of the American Revolution?
A1: Siege of Charles Towne
Q2: How many soldiers did General Clinton return with?
A2: 14,000
Q3: In what year did General Clinton return to Charles Towne?
A3: 1780
Q4: Who was the leader of the American forces defending Charles Towne?
A4: General Benjamin Lincoln
Q5: How many soldiers did General Lincoln lead?
A5: 5,400
Title: Daylight_saving_time
Topic: Engineering and technology

Clock shifts are usually scheduled near a weekend midnight to lessen disruption to weekday schedules. A one-hour shift is customary, but Australia's Lord Howe Island uses a half-hour shift. Twenty-minute and two-hour shifts have been used in the past.

Q1: During what part of the week is the time change most often scheduled?
A1: weekend
Q2: What do we avoid disrupting by doing the time shift during days most people don't work?
A2: weekday schedules
Title: Daylight_saving_time
Topic: Engineering and technology

Clock shifts were found to increase the risk of heart attack by 10 percent, and to disrupt sleep and reduce its efficiency. Effects on seasonal adaptation of the circadian rhythm can be severe and last for weeks. A 2008 study found that although male suicide rates rise in the weeks after the spring transition, the relationship weakened greatly after adjusting for season. A 2008 Swedish study found that heart attacks were significantly more common the first three weekdays after the spring transition, and significantly less common the first weekday after the autumn transition. The government of Kazakhstan cited health complications due to clock shifts as a reason for abolishing DST in 2005. In March 2011, Dmitri Medvedev, president of Russia, claimed that "stress of changing clocks" was the motivation for Russia to stay in DST all year long. Officials at the time talked about an annual increase in suicides.

Q1: What natural rhythm is disrupted by seasonal changes?
A1: circadian rhythm
Q2: In 2005, what country used increased health risks as rationalization for getting rid of DST?
A2: Kazakhstan
Q3: Which Russian president argued that the country should stay in DST year-round because of the stresses of time shifts?
A3: Dmitri Medvedev
Q4: According to the Swedish study in 2008, for how many weekdays following the "spring forward" do you have a higher risk of heart attack?
A4: three
Title: Roman_Republic
Topic: History

Clodius formed armed gangs that terrorised the city and eventually began to attack Pompey's followers, who in response funded counter-gangs formed by Titus Annius Milo. The political alliance of the triumvirate was crumbling. Domitius Ahenobarbus ran for the consulship in 55 BC promising to take Caesar's command from him. Eventually, the triumvirate was renewed at Lucca. Pompey and Crassus were promised the consulship in 55 BC, and Caesar's term as governor was extended for five years. Crassus led an ill-fated expedition with legions led by his son, Caesar's lieutenant, against the Kingdom of Parthia. This resulted in his defeat and death at the Battle of Carrhae. Finally, Pompey's wife, Julia, who was Caesar's daughter, died in childbirth. This event severed the last remaining bond between Pompey and Caesar.

Q1: Who was responsible for the attacks on followers of Pompey?
A1: Clodius
Q2: What political position were Pompey and Crassus assured they would receive in 55 BC?
A2: consul
Q3: What caused the death of Julius Caesar's female offspring?
A3: childbirth
Q4: Which individual ran for consul in 55 BC?
A4: Domitius Ahenobarbus
Q5: Who was responsible for an expedition against the Parthian Kingdom?
A5: Crassus
Title: London
Topic: Geography and places

Close to Richmond Park is Kew Gardens which has the world's largest collection of living plants. In 2003, the gardens were put on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. There are also numerous parks administered by London's borough Councils, including Victoria Park in the East End and Battersea Park in the centre. Some more informal, semi-natural open spaces also exist, including the 320-hectare (790-acre) Hampstead Heath of North London, and Epping Forest, which covers 2,476 hectares (6,118.32 acres) in the east. Both are controlled by the City of London Corporation. Hampstead Heath incorporates Kenwood House, the former stately home and a popular location in the summer months where classical musical concerts are held by the lake, attracting thousands of people every weekend to enjoy the music, scenery and fireworks. Epping Forest is a popular venue for various outdoor activities, including mountain biking, walking, horse riding, golf, angling, and orienteering.

Q1: What famous London gardens were named as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2003?
A1: Kew Gardens
Q2: Victoria Park is located in what London district?
A2: the East End
Q3: What entity oversees both Hampstead Heath of North London and Epping Forest?
A3: the City of London Corporation
Q4: What former private home hosts lake-side classical music concerts ever summer?
A4: Kenwood House
Q5: People frequently engage in physical activities such as walking, biking, and golf, in what forest?
A5: Epping Forest
Title: Clothing
Topic: Natural sciences

Clothing can and has in history been made from a very wide variety of materials. Materials have ranged from leather and furs, to woven materials, to elaborate and exotic natural and synthetic fabrics. Not all body coverings are regarded as clothing. Articles carried rather than worn (such as purses), worn on a single part of the body and easily removed (scarves), worn purely for adornment (jewelry), or those that serve a function other than protection (eyeglasses), are normally considered accessories rather than clothing, as are footwear and hats.

Q1: What variety has there been in the materials of clothing throughout history?
A1: very wide
Q2: What is an article that is carried rather than worn that isn't regarded as clothing?
A2: purses
Q3: Jewelry isn't considered clothing because it's usually worn purely for what reason?
A3: adornment
Q4: What are footwear and hats both considered?
A4: accessories
Q5: What is an example of something that serves a function other than protection?
A5: eyeglasses
Title: Clothing
Topic: Natural sciences

Clothing protects against many things that might injure the uncovered human body. Clothes protect people from the elements, including rain, snow, wind, and other weather, as well as from the sun. However, clothing that is too sheer, thin, small, tight, etc., offers less protection. Clothes also reduce risk during activities such as work or sport. Some clothing protects from specific environmental hazards, such as insects, noxious chemicals, weather, weapons, and contact with abrasive substances. Conversely, clothing may protect the environment from the clothing wearer, as with doctors wearing medical scrubs.

Q1: What does clothing protect from things which may injure it?
A1: the uncovered human body
Q2: Rain, snow, and wind are what class of things clothing protects the wearer from?
A2: elements
Q3: Clothing that is too sheer will offer less what?
A3: protection
Q4: What type of hazard is noxious chemicals?
A4: environmental
Q5: What type of clothing do doctors wear to protect their surroundings?
A5: medical scrubs
Title: Paris
Topic: Geography and places

Clovis the Frank, the first king of the Merovingian dynasty, made the city his capital from 508. A gradual immigration by the Franks also occurred in Paris in the beginning of the Frankish domination of Gaul which created the Parisian Francien dialects. Fortification of the Île-de-France failed to prevent sacking by Vikings in 845 but Paris' strategic importance—with its bridges preventing ships from passing—was established by successful defence in the Siege of Paris (885–86). In 987 Hugh Capet, Count of Paris (comte de Paris), Duke of the Franks (duc des Francs) was elected King of the Franks (roi des Franks). Under the rule of the Capetian kings, Paris gradually became the largest and most prosperous city in France.

Q1: who was the first king of the Merovingian dynasty?
A1: Clovis the Frank
Q2: In what year was Hugh Capet elected as king?
A2: 987
Q3: What helped establish a successful defense in the Siege of Paris?
A3: bridges
Q4: The domination of what helped create the Parisian dialect?
A4: Gaul
Title: House_music
Topic: Music

Club play from pioneering Chicago DJs such as Hardy and Lil Louis, local dance music record shops such as Importes, State Street Records, Loop Records, Gramaphone Records and the popular Hot Mix 5 shows on radio station WBMX-FM helped popularize house music in Chicago. Later, visiting DJs & producers from Detroit fell into the genre. Trax Records and DJ International Records, Chicago labels with wider distribution, helped popularize house music inside and outside of Chicago. One 1986 house tune called "Move Your Body" by Marshall Jefferson, taken from the appropriately titled "The House Music Anthem" EP, became a big hit in Chicago and eventually worldwide. By 1986, UK labels were releasing house music by Chicago acts, and by 1987 house tracks by Chicago DJs and producers were appearing on and topping the UK music chart. By this time, house music released by Chicago-based labels was considered a must-play in clubs.

Q1: what radio station aired the Hot Mix 5 show?
A1: WBMX-FM
Q2: what record labels helped popularize house music?
A2: Trax Records and DJ International Records
Q3: what song by marshall jefferson became a big house hit?
A3: "Move Your Body"
Q4: what european country were big house music hits being released in, in 1987?
A4: UK
Q5: where was house music from chicago-based labels considered a must-play?
A5: clubs
Title: Szlachta
Topic: History

Coats of arms were very important to the Polish nobility. Its heraldic system evolved together with its neighbours in Central Europe, while differing in many ways from the heraldry of other European countries. Polish knighthood families had its counterparts, links or roots in Moravia (i.e. Poraj) and Germany (i.e. Junosza).

Q1: What was very important to the polish nobility?
A1: Coats of arms
Q2: What kind of system was the coats of arms?
A2: heraldic system
Q3: how did the polish nobility system compare to other heraldy countries?
A3: differing in many ways
Q4: Where did polish knightshood originate?
A4: Moravia (i.e. Poraj) and Germany
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

Coca-Cola's archrival PepsiCo declined to sponsor American Idol at the show's start. What the Los Angeles Times later called "missing one of the biggest marketing opportunities in a generation" contributed to Pepsi losing market share, by 2010 falling to third place from second in the United States. PepsiCo sponsored the American version of Cowell's The X Factor in hopes of not repeating its Idol mistake until its cancellation.

Q1: Which major drink manufacturer decided at the beginning of American Idol not to be a sponsor? 
A1: PepsiCo
Q2: What show did PepsiCo begin sponsoring in hopes of not missing another opportunity like American Idol? 
A2: The X Factor
Q3: Which soda company did not want to sponsor American Idol?
A3: PepsiCo
Q4: In hopes of not repeating another mistake, which show did PepsiCo sponsor?
A4: The X Factor
Q5: PepsiCo fell to what place by 2010, which is in part credited with refusing to sponsor American Idol?
A5: third
Title: Poultry
Topic: Natural sciences

Cockfighting is said to be the world's oldest spectator sport and may have originated in Persia 6,000 years ago. Two mature males (cocks or roosters) are set to fight each other, and will do so with great vigour until one is critically injured or killed. Breeds such as the Aseel were developed in the Indian subcontinent for their aggressive behaviour. The sport formed part of the culture of the ancient Indians, Chinese, Greeks, and Romans, and large sums were won or lost depending on the outcome of an encounter. Cockfighting has been banned in many countries during the last century on the grounds of cruelty to animals.

Q1: How long ago was the sport of fighting chickens been around?
A1: Cockfighting is said to be the world's oldest spectator sport and may have originated in Persia 6,000 years ago.
Q2: What is the termed used to define the game of fighting chickens called?
A2: Cockfighting
Q3: Do chickens die in the sport of cockfighting?
A3: fight each other, and will do so with great vigour until one is critically injured or killed.
Q4: Have theere been any types of chickens who were really good at cockfighting?
A4: Breeds such as the Aseel were developed in the Indian subcontinent for their aggressive behaviour
Q5: Do people bet on the cockfighting or is it just for entertainment?
A5: large sums were won or lost depending on the outcome of an encounter.
Title: Insect
Topic: Natural sciences

Cockroaches are among the fastest insect runners and, at full speed, adopt a bipedal run to reach a high velocity in proportion to their body size. As cockroaches move very quickly, they need to be video recorded at several hundred frames per second to reveal their gait. More sedate locomotion is seen in the stick insects or walking sticks (Phasmatodea). A few insects have evolved to walk on the surface of the water, especially members of the Gerridae family, commonly known as water striders. A few species of ocean-skaters in the genus Halobates even live on the surface of open oceans, a habitat that has few insect species.

Q1: What kind of locomotion is seen in stick insects?
A1: sedate
Q2: What is another name for walking stick insects?
A2: Phasmatodea
Q3: Some insects can walk on top of what?
A3: water
Q4: What insect can walk on the surface of water?
A4: water striders
Q5: Water striders are part of what insect family?
A5: Gerridae
Title: Database
Topic: Engineering and technology

Codd's paper was picked up by two people at Berkeley, Eugene Wong and Michael Stonebraker. They started a project known as INGRES using funding that had already been allocated for a geographical database project and student programmers to produce code. Beginning in 1973, INGRES delivered its first test products which were generally ready for widespread use in 1979. INGRES was similar to System R in a number of ways, including the use of a "language" for data access, known as QUEL. Over time, INGRES moved to the emerging SQL standard.

Q1: Who used Codd's paper at Berkeley to improve a geographical database?
A1: Eugene Wong and Michael Stonebraker
Q2: What was the name of the project to create a geographical database?
A2: INGRES
Q3: When was INGRES first tested?
A3: 1973
Q4: What computer language was used in INGRES to access data?
A4: QUEL
Q5: Is QUEL still used to access data in INGRES?
A5: INGRES moved to the emerging SQL standard
Title: ASCII
Topic: Engineering and technology

Code 127 is officially named "delete" but the Teletype label was "rubout". Since the original standard did not give detailed interpretation for most control codes, interpretations of this code varied. The original Teletype meaning, and the intent of the standard, was to make it an ignored character, the same as NUL (all zeroes). This was useful specifically for paper tape, because punching the all-ones bit pattern on top of an existing mark would obliterate it. Tapes designed to be "hand edited" could even be produced with spaces of extra NULs (blank tape) so that a block of characters could be "rubbed out" and then replacements put into the empty space.

Q1: What is the official name of code 127?
A1: delete
Q2: What was code 127 labeled as for the Teletype?
A2: rubout
Q3: Why did Teletype have the code for "rubout"?
A3: to make it an ignored character