LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Transistor
Topic: Engineering and technology

The JEDEC EIA370 transistor device numbers usually start with "2N", indicating a three-terminal device (dual-gate field-effect transistors are four-terminal devices, so begin with 3N), then a 2, 3 or 4-digit sequential number with no significance as to device properties (although early devices with low numbers tend to be germanium). For example, 2N3055 is a silicon n–p–n power transistor, 2N1301 is a p–n–p germanium switching transistor. A letter suffix (such as "A") is sometimes used to indicate a newer variant, but rarely gain groupings.

Q1: What does the JEDEC EIA370 transistor number start with?
A1: 2N
Q2: what does the 2N is the JEDEC EIA370 mean?
A2: a three-terminal device
Q3: What follows the 2N in a JEDEC EIA370?
A3: a 2, 3 or 4-digit sequential number with no significance as to device properties
Q4: What does a letter at the end of a device number mean?
A4: a newer variant
Q5: What does the number 2N1301 indicate?
A5: a p–n–p germanium switching transistor
Title: Muammar_Gaddafi
Topic: History

The Jamahiriya's radical direction earned the government many enemies. In February 1978, Gaddafi discovered that his head of military intelligence was plotting to kill him, and began to increasingly entrust security to his Qaddadfa tribe. Many who had seen their wealth and property confiscated turned against the administration, and a number of western-funded opposition groups were founded by exiles. Most prominent was the National Front for the Salvation of Libya (NFSL), founded in 1981 by Mohammed Magariaf, which orchestrated militant attacks against Libya's government, while another, al-Borkan, began killing Libyan diplomats abroad. Following Gaddafi's command to kill these "stray dogs", under Colonel Younis Bilgasim's leadership, the Revolutionary Committees set up overseas branches to suppress counter-revolutionary activity, assassinating various dissidents. Although nearby nations like Syria also used hit squads, Gaddafi was unusual in publicly bragging about his administration's use of them; in June 1980, he ordered all dissidents to return home or be "liquidated wherever you are."

Q1: What tribe did Gaddafi belong to?
A1: Qaddadfa
Q2: What Libyan government official allegedly plotted to kill Gaddafi in 1978?
A2: head of military intelligence
Q3: In 1981, what Libyan opposition group was founded?
A3: National Front for the Salvation of Libya
Q4: Who founded the NFSL?
A4: Mohammed Magariaf
Q5: What group notably murdered Libyan diplomats?
A5: al-Borkan,
Title: Richmond,_Virginia
Topic: Geography and places

The James River reaches tidewater at Richmond where flooding may occur in every month of the year, most frequently in March and least in July. Hurricanes and tropical storms have been responsible for most of the flooding during the summer and early fall months. Hurricanes passing near Richmond have produced record rainfalls. In 1955, three hurricanes brought record rainfall to Richmond within a six-week period. The most noteworthy of these were Hurricane Connie and Hurricane Diane that brought heavy rains five days apart. And in 2004, the downtown area suffered extensive flood damage after the remnants of Hurricane Gaston dumped up to 12 inches (300 mm) of rainfall.

Q1: What is the most likely month for the James to flood Richmond?
A1: March
Q2: What month sees the lowest likelihood of the James flooding?
A2: July
Q3: In 1955, Richmond was hit with three hurricanes in how many weeks?
A3: six
Q4: In 1955, what two hurricanes occurred within a week of one another?
A4: Hurricane Connie and Hurricane Diane
Q5: What hurricane hit Richmond in 2004?
A5: Gaston
Title: Philadelphia
Topic: History

The January daily average is 33.0 °F (0.6 °C), though, in a normal winter, the temperature frequently rises to 50 °F (10 °C) during thaws and dips to 10 °F (−12 °C) for 2 or 3 nights. July averages 78.1 °F (25.6 °C), although heat waves accompanied by high humidity and heat indices are frequent; highs reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on 27 days of the year. The average window for freezing temperatures is November 6 thru April 2, allowing a growing season of 217 days. Early fall and late winter are generally dry; February's average of 2.64 inches (67 mm) makes it the area's driest month. The dewpoint in the summer averages between 59.1 °F (15 °C) to 64.5 °F (18 °C).

Q1: What is the average January temp?
A1: 33.0 °F
Q2: What is the July average temp?
A2: 78.1 °F
Q3: What is the average time for freezing temps?
A3: November 6 thru April 2
Q4: How long does the grow season last on average?
A4: 217
Q5: Which month is the driest?
A5: February
Title: Samurai
Topic: Language and literature

The Japanese defenders recognized the possibility of a renewed invasion, and began construction of a great stone barrier around Hakata Bay in 1276. Completed in 1277, this wall stretched for 20 kilometers around the border of the bay. This would later serve as a strong defensive point against the Mongols. The Mongols attempted to settle matters in a diplomatic way from 1275 to 1279, but every envoy sent to Japan was executed. This set the stage for one of the most famous engagements in Japanese history.

Q1: What was built around Hakata Bay?
A1: a great stone barrier
Q2: When did Japan begin building the Hakata Bay barrier?
A2: 1276
Q3: When did Japan finish building the Hakata Bay barrier?
A3: 1277
Q4: How long was the Hakata Bay barrier?
A4: 20 kilometers
Q5: What happened to diplomatic envoys the Mongols sent to Japan?
A5: executed
Title: Marshall_Islands
Topic: Geography and places

The Japanese enlarged administration and appointed local leaders, which weakened the authority of local traditional leaders. Japan also tried to change the social organization in the islands from Matrilineality to the Japanese Patriarchal system, but with no success. Moreover, during the 1930s, one third of all land up to the high water level was declared the property of the Japanese government. On the archipelago, before it banned foreign traders, the activities of Catholic and Protestant missionaries were allowed. Indigenous people were educated in Japanese schools, and studied Japanese language and Japanese culture. This policy was the government strategy not only in the Marshall Islands, but on all the other mandated territories in Micronesia. On March 27, 1933, Japan handed in its notice at the League of Nations, but continued to manage the islands, and in the late 1930s began building air bases on several atolls. The Marshall Islands were in an important geographical position, being the easternmost point in Japan's defensive ring at the beginning of World War II.

Q1: What was the traditional social organization of the Marshall Islanders?
A1: Matrilineality
Q2: What system of social organization was used in Japan?
A2: the Japanese Patriarchal system
Q3: On what date did the Japanese leave the League of Nations?
A3: March 27, 1933
Q4: What language were Marshall Islanders taught in schools while under Japanese colonial administration?
A4: Japanese
Q5: Along with Protestants, missionaries from what denomination were allowed to operate in the Marshalls?
A5: Catholic
Title: Compact_disc
Topic: Engineering and technology

The Japanese launch was followed in March 1983 by the introduction of CD players and discs to Europe and North America (where CBS Records released sixteen titles). This event is often seen as the "Big Bang" of the digital audio revolution. The new audio disc was enthusiastically received, especially in the early-adopting classical music and audiophile communities, and its handling quality received particular praise. As the price of players gradually came down, and with the introduction of the portable Walkman the CD began to gain popularity in the larger popular and rock music markets. The first artist to sell a million copies on CD was Dire Straits, with their 1985 album Brothers in Arms. The first major artist to have his entire catalogue converted to CD was David Bowie, whose 15 studio albums were made available by RCA Records in February 1985, along with four greatest hits albums. In 1988, 400 million CDs were manufactured by 50 pressing plants around the world.

Q1: Who first sold a million copies on CD?
A1: Dire Straits
Q2: Which artist was the first to have their full catalogue converted to CD?
A2: David Bowie
Q3: What year was the Dire Straits album Brothers in Arms released?
A3: 1985
Q4: How many CDs were mass produced in 1988?
A4: 400 million
Q5: How many studio albums did David Bowie release in February 1985?
A5: 15
Title: Pacific_War
Topic: History

The Japanese leadership was aware that a total military victory in a traditional sense against the USA was impossible; the alternative would be negotiating for peace after their initial victories, which would recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia. In fact, the Imperial GHQ noted, should acceptable negotiations be reached with the Americans, the attacks were to be canceled—even if the order to attack had already been given. The Japanese leadership looked to base the conduct of the war against America on the historical experiences of the successful wars against China (1894–95) and Russia (1904–05), in both of which a strong continental power was defeated by reaching limited military objectives, not by total conquest.

Q1: What would Japan accomplish by peace after their early victories?
A1: recognize Japanese hegemony in Asia.
Q2: What was Japan's strategic goal in attacking America?
A2: defeated by reaching limited military objectives, not by total conquest
Q3: Did The Japanese believe they could defeate the U.S.?
A3: impossible
Q4: What did the Japanese military leadership think the chances were of complete military victory ove the United States?
A4: impossible
Q5: What did Japan want recognised in planned peace negotiations after their initial victories?
A5: Japanese hegemony in Asia
Q6: If acceptable negotiations btween Japan and the United States were reached, what would be done regarding the attacks?
A6: canceled
Q7: What was the conduct of the war against the United States based on?
A7: historical experiences
Title: Pacific_War
Topic: History

The Japanese responded to the Allied attacks by launching an offensive of their own into India in the middle of March, across the mountainous and densely forested frontier. This attack, codenamed Operation U-Go, was advocated by Lieutenant General Renya Mutaguchi, the recently promoted commander of the Japanese Fifteenth Army; Imperial General Headquarters permitted it to proceed, despite misgivings at several intervening headquarters. Although several units of the British Fourteenth Army had to fight their way out of encirclement, by early April they had concentrated around Imphal in Manipur state. A Japanese division which had advanced to Kohima in Nagaland cut the main road to Imphal, but failed to capture the whole of the defences at Kohima. During April, the Japanese attacks against Imphal failed, while fresh Allied formations drove the Japanese from the positions they had captured at Kohima.

Q1: What month did the Japanese launch an offensive into India?
A1: March
Q2: Who commanded the Japanese Fifteenth Army in Operation U-Go?
A2: Lieutenant General Renya Mutaguchi
Q3: Where had the Japanese advanced to?
A3: Kohima in Nagaland
Q4: What did the Japanese cut?
A4: main road to Imphal
Q5: What had the Japanese failed to capture?
A5: defences at Kohima
Title: Southeast_Asia
Topic: Geography and places

The Jawa Dwipa Hindu kingdom in Java and Sumatra existed around 200 BCE. The history of the Malay-speaking world began with the advent of Indian influence, which dates back to at least the 3rd century BCE. Indian traders came to the archipelago both for its abundant forest and maritime products and to trade with merchants from China, who also discovered the Malay world at an early date. Both Hinduism and Buddhism were well established in the Malay Peninsula by the beginning of the 1st century CE, and from there spread across the archipelago.

Q1: Which Hindu kingdom existed around 200 BCE?
A1: Jawa Dwipa
Q2: Which traders came to the archipelago for trade?
A2: Indian traders
Q3: The Java Dwipa kingdom was well-known for what?
A3: abundant forest and maritime products
Q4: Which religions were well established in the Malay peninsula by the beginning of the 1st century CE?
A4: Hinduism and Buddhism
Q5: Apart from the Indian traders, who else discovered the Malay peninsula for trade?
A5: merchants from China
Title: Charleston,_South_Carolina
Topic: Geography and places

The Jenkins Orphanage was established in 1891 by the Rev. Daniel J. Jenkins in Charleston. The orphanage accepted donations of musical instruments and Rev. Jenkins hired local Charleston musicians and Avery Institute Graduates to tutor the boys in music. As a result, Charleston musicians became proficient on a variety of instruments and were able to read music expertly. These traits set Jenkins musicians apart and helped land some of them positions in big bands with Duke Ellington and Count Basie. William "Cat" Anderson, Jabbo Smith, and Freddie Green are but a few of the alumni from the Jenkins Orphanage band who became professional musicians in some of the best bands of the day. Orphanages around the country began to develop brass bands in the wake of the Jenkins Orphanage Band's success. At the Colored Waif's Home Brass Band in New Orleans, for example, a young trumpeter named Louis Armstrong first began to draw attention.

Q1: What year was the Jenkins Orphanage created?
A1: 1891
Q2: What Charleston Reverend established the Jenkins Orphanage?
A2: Daniel J. Jenkins
Q3: What type of donations did the Jerkins Orphanage accept?
A3: donations of musical instruments
Q4: Whose graduates tutored many boys from the Jenkins Orphanage?
A4: Avery Institute Graduates
Q5: What city was Louis Armstrong from?
A5: New Orleans
Title: History_of_science
Topic: History

The Jesuit China missions of the 16th and 17th centuries "learned to appreciate the scientific achievements of this ancient culture and made them known in Europe. Through their correspondence European scientists first learned about the Chinese science and culture." Western academic thought on the history of Chinese technology and science was galvanized by the work of Joseph Needham and the Needham Research Institute. Among the technological accomplishments of China were, according to the British scholar Needham, early seismological detectors (Zhang Heng in the 2nd century), the water-powered celestial globe (Zhang Heng), matches, the independent invention of the decimal system, dry docks, sliding calipers, the double-action piston pump, cast iron, the blast furnace, the iron plough, the multi-tube seed drill, the wheelbarrow, the suspension bridge, the winnowing machine, the rotary fan, the parachute, natural gas as fuel, the raised-relief map, the propeller, the crossbow, and a solid fuel rocket, the multistage rocket, the horse collar, along with contributions in logic, astronomy, medicine, and other fields.

Q1: Who was the Needham Research Institute named after?
A1: Joseph Needham
Q2: What type of bridge originated in China?
A2: suspension
Q3: What type of map originated in China?
A3: raised-relief
Q4: What type of fan originated in China?
A4: rotary
Q5: What type of globe did Zhang Heng invent?
A5: water-powered celestial
Title: Israel
Topic: History

The Jewish Legion, a group primarily of Zionist volunteers, assisted, in 1918, in the British conquest of Palestine. Arab opposition to British rule and Jewish immigration led to the 1920 Palestine riots and the formation of a Jewish militia known as the Haganah (meaning "The Defense" in Hebrew), from which the Irgun and Lehi, or Stern Gang, paramilitary groups later split off. In 1922, the League of Nations granted Britain a mandate over Palestine under terms which included the Balfour Declaration with its promise to the Jews, and with similar provisions regarding the Arab Palestinians. The population of the area at this time was predominantly Arab and Muslim, with Jews accounting for about 11%, and Arab Christians at about 9.5% of the population.

Q1: What is the Jewish Legion?
A1: a group primarily of Zionist volunteers
Q2: When did the League of Nations grant Britain a mandate over Palestine?
A2: 1922
Q3: What does Haganah mean in Hebrew?
A3: The Defense
Title: University_of_Notre_Dame
Topic: Geography and places

The Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies at the University of Notre Dame is dedicated to research, education and outreach on the causes of violent conflict and the conditions for sustainable peace. It offers PhD, Master's, and undergraduate degrees in peace studies. It was founded in 1986 through the donations of Joan B. Kroc, the widow of McDonald's owner Ray Kroc. The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame. The institute has contributed to international policy discussions about peace building practices.

Q1: What institute at Notre Dame studies  the reasons for violent conflict?
A1: Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies
Q2: In what year was the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies founded?
A2: 1986
Q3: To whom was John B. Kroc married?
A3: Ray Kroc
Q4: What is the title of Notre Dame's Theodore Hesburgh?
A4: President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame
Q5: What company did Ray Kroc own?
A5: McDonald's
Title: Israel
Topic: History

The Jordan Rift Valley is the result of tectonic movements within the Dead Sea Transform (DSF) fault system. The DSF forms the transform boundary between the African Plate to the west and the Arabian Plate to the east. The Golan Heights and all of Jordan are part of the Arabian Plate, while the Galilee, West Bank, Coastal Plain, and Negev along with the Sinai Peninsula are on the African Plate. This tectonic disposition leads to a relatively high seismic activity in the region. The entire Jordan Valley segment is thought to have ruptured repeatedly, for instance during the last two major earthquakes along this structure in 749 and 1033. The deficit in slip that has built up since the 1033 event is sufficient to cause an earthquake of Mw~7.4.

Q1: What is the result of tectonic movements within the Dead Sea Transform?
A1: Jordan Rift Valley
Q2: What does the tectonic disposition lead to?
A2: high seismic activity in the region
Q3: The deficit can cause an earthquake of what magnitude to occur?
A3: Mw~7.4.
Title: Israel
Topic: History

The Jordan River runs along the Jordan Rift Valley, from Mount Hermon through the Hulah Valley and the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea, the lowest point on the surface of the Earth. Further south is the Arabah, ending with the Gulf of Eilat, part of the Red Sea. Unique to Israel and the Sinai Peninsula are makhteshim, or erosion cirques. The largest makhtesh in the world is Ramon Crater in the Negev, which measures 40 by 8 kilometers (25 by 5 mi). A report on the environmental status of the Mediterranean basin states that Israel has the largest number of plant species per square meter of all the countries in the basin.

Q1: What river runs along the Jordan Rift Valley?
A1: Jordan River
Q2: What is the largest makhtesh in the world?
A2: Ramon Crater
Q3: Israel has the largest number of what per square meter in the basin?
A3: plant species
Title: Roman_Republic
Topic: History

The Jugurthine War of 111–104 BC was fought between Rome and Jugurtha of the North African kingdom of Numidia. It constituted the final Roman pacification of Northern Africa, after which Rome largely ceased expansion on the continent after reaching natural barriers of desert and mountain. Following Jugurtha's usurpation of the throne of Numidia, a loyal ally of Rome since the Punic Wars, Rome felt compelled to intervene. Jugurtha impudently bribed the Romans into accepting his usurpation. Jugurtha was finally captured not in battle but by treachery.

Q1: What war is considered to be the last Roman pacification in Northern Africa?
A1: The Jugurthine War
Q2: What eventually caused Jugurtha to become a captive?
A2: treachery
Q3: When did the Jugurthine War end?
A3: 104 BC
Q4: Who attempted to usurp the throne of Numidia?
A4: Jugurtha
Q5: Who did Jugurtha have to bribe in order for them to accept him as the new leader of Numidia?
A5: the Romans
Title: Geological_history_of_Earth
Topic: Natural sciences

The Jurassic Period extends from about 201.3 ± 0.2 to 145.0 Ma. During the early Jurassic, the supercontinent Pangaea broke up into the northern supercontinent Laurasia and the southern supercontinent Gondwana; the Gulf of Mexico opened in the new rift between North America and what is now Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula. The Jurassic North Atlantic Ocean was relatively narrow, while the South Atlantic did not open until the following Cretaceous Period, when Gondwana itself rifted apart. The Tethys Sea closed, and the Neotethys basin appeared. Climates were warm, with no evidence of glaciation. As in the Triassic, there was apparently no land near either pole, and no extensive ice caps existed. The Jurassic geological record is good in western Europe, where extensive marine sequences indicate a time when much of the continent was submerged under shallow tropical seas; famous locales include the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site and the renowned late Jurassic lagerstätten of Holzmaden and Solnhofen. In contrast, the North American Jurassic record is the poorest of the Mesozoic, with few outcrops at the surface. Though the epicontinental Sundance Sea left marine deposits in parts of the northern plains of the United States and Canada during the late Jurassic, most exposed sediments from this period are continental, such as the alluvial deposits of the Morrison Formation. The first of several massive batholiths were emplaced in the northern Cordillera beginning in the mid-Jurassic, marking the Nevadan orogeny. Important Jurassic exposures are also found in Russia, India, South America, Japan, Australasia and the United Kingdom.

Q1: During what years was the Jurassic period?
A1: 201.3 ± 0.2 to 145.0 Ma.
Q2: Which supercontinent came apart in the Jurassic period?
A2: Pangaea
Q3: The Gulf of Mexico formed in the rift between North America and what other land mass?
A3: Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula
Q4: At what point did the South Atlantic ocean begin to open?
A4: Cretaceous Period
Q5: Which late Jurassic cultural sites are famous in Europe?
A5: lagerstätten of Holzmaden and Solnhofen
Title: Bras%C3%ADlia
Topic: Geography and places

The Juscelino Kubitschek bridge, also known as the 'President JK Bridge' or the 'JK Bridge', crosses Lake Paranoá in Brasília. It is named after Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, former president of Brazil. It was designed by architect Alexandre Chan and structural engineer Mário Vila Verde. Chan won the Gustav Lindenthal Medal for this project at the 2003 International Bridge Conference in Pittsburgh due to "...outstanding achievement demonstrating harmony with the environment, aesthetic merit and successful community participation".

Q1: What is the JK Bridge a nickname for?
A1: The Juscelino Kubitschek bridge
Q2: What does the JK Bridge cross?
A2: Lake Paranoá
Q3: Who was the JK Bridge named for?
A3: Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira
Q4: Who was de Oliveira?
A4: former president of Brazil
Q5: Who designed the JK Bridge?
A5: architect Alexandre Chan and structural engineer Mário Vila Verde
Title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation
Topic: Social sciences and society

The K-12 and higher education reform programs of the Gates Foundation have been criticized by some education professionals, parents, and researchers because they have driven the conversation on education reform to such an extent that they may marginalize researchers who do not support Gates' predetermined policy preferences. Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes have been expensive and disruptive, but some studies indicate they have not improved educational outcomes and may have caused harm. Peer reviewed scientific studies at Stanford find that Charter Schools do not systematically improve student performance

Q1: Why were the gates foundation educational reforms critcized
A1: they may marginalize researchers who do not support Gates' predetermined policy preferences
Q2: What are several of the gates backed policies 
A2: Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes
Q3: Have the policies been criticized 
A3: but some studies indicate they have not improved educational outcomes and may have caused harm
Q4: What does 1 specific study of charter schools show 
A4: Peer reviewed scientific studies at Stanford find that Charter Schools do not systematically improve student performance
Title: University_of_Kansas
Topic: Geography and places

The KU School of Engineering is an ABET accredited, public engineering school located on the main campus. The School of Engineering was officially founded in 1891, although engineering degrees were awarded as early as 1873.

Q1: What is the acronym for an organization that serves as an accreditation body for engineering schools?
A1: ABET
Q2: On what campus is the University of Kansas School of Engineering located?
A2: main campus
Q3: When was KU's engineering school established?
A3: 1891
Q4: When did the University of Kansas start issuing degrees in engineering?
A4: 1873
Q5: What kind of institution is KU's engineering school?
A5: public
Title: University_of_Kansas
Topic: Geography and places

The KU men's basketball team has fielded a team every year since 1898. The Jayhawks are a perennial national contender currently coached by Bill Self. The team has won five national titles, including three NCAA tournament championships in 1952, 1988, and 2008. The basketball program is currently the second winningest program in college basketball history with an overall record of 2,070–806 through the 2011–12 season. The team plays at Allen Fieldhouse. Perhaps its best recognized player was Wilt Chamberlain, who played in the 1950s. Kansas has counted among its coaches Dr. James Naismith (the inventor of basketball and only coach in Kansas history to have a losing record), Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Phog Allen ("the Father of basketball coaching"), Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Roy Williams of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Basketball Hall of Fame inductee and former NBA Champion Detroit Pistons coach Larry Brown. In addition, legendary University of Kentucky coach and Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Adolph Rupp played for KU's 1922 and 1923 Helms National Championship teams, and NCAA Hall of Fame inductee and University of North Carolina Coach Dean Smith played for KU's 1952 NCAA Championship team. Both Rupp and Smith played under Phog Allen. Allen also coached Hall of Fame coaches Dutch Lonborg and Ralph Miller. Allen founded the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC), which started what is now the NCAA Tournament. The Tournament began in 1939 under the NABC and the next year was handed off to the newly formed NCAA.

Q1: What was the first year in which a men's team played basketball at the University of Kansas?
A1: 1898
Q2: Who is the head of men's basketball at KU?
A2: Bill Self
Q3: How many times has the University of Kansas won a national championship in men's basketball?
A3: five
Q4: Who is considered the most famous basketball alumnus of KU?
A4: Wilt Chamberlain
Q5: In what year did the NABC hold its first and only men's basketball tournament?
A5: 1939
Title: History_of_India
Topic: History

The Kabul Shahi dynasties ruled the Kabul Valley and Gandhara (modern-day Pakistan and Afghanistan) from the decline of the Kushan Empire in the 3rd century to the early 9th century. The Shahis are generally split up into two eras: the Buddhist Shahis and the Hindu Shahis, with the change-over thought to have occurred sometime around 870. The kingdom was known as the Kabul Shahan or Ratbelshahan from 565-670, when the capitals were located in Kapisa and Kabul, and later Udabhandapura, also known as Hund for its new capital.

Q1: Until what century did the Kabul Shahi dynasties rule the Kabul Valley?
A1: 9th century
Q2: The decline of what empire allowed the rule of the Kabul Shahi empire?
A2: Kushan
Q3: How many eras are the Shahis divided into?
A3: two
Q4: When did the Shahis switch from Buddhist to Hindu?
A4: 870
Q5: What was the kingdom of the Shahis called?
A5: Kabul Shahan
Title: Hyderabad
Topic: Geography and places

The Kakatiya dynasty was reduced to a vassal of the Khilji dynasty in 1310 after its defeat by Sultan Alauddin Khilji of the Delhi Sultanate. This lasted until 1321, when the Kakatiya dynasty was annexed by Malik Kafur, Allaudin Khilji's general. During this period, Alauddin Khilji took the Koh-i-Noor diamond, which is said to have been mined from the Kollur Mines of Golkonda, to Delhi. Muhammad bin Tughluq succeeded to the Delhi sultanate in 1325, bringing Warangal under the rule of the Tughlaq dynasty until 1347 when Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, a governor under bin Tughluq, rebelled against Delhi and established the Bahmani Sultanate in the Deccan Plateau, with Gulbarga, 200 km (124 mi) west of Hyderabad, as its capital. The Bahmani kings ruled the region until 1518 and were the first independent Muslim rulers of the Deccan.

Q1: Who defeated the Kakatiya dynasty in 1310?
A1: Sultan Alauddin Khilji
Q2: Which entity subsumed the Kakatiya dynasty?
A2: Khilji dynasty
Q3: What did the Malik Kafur do to the Kakatiya dynasty in 1321?
A3: the Kakatiya dynasty was annexed
Q4: In what year did Muhammad bin Tughluq succeed the Delhi sultanate?
A4: 1325
Q5: When was the Behmani Sultanate established?
A5: 1347
Title: Namibia
Topic: Social sciences and society

The Kalahari Desert, an arid region shared with South Africa and Botswana, is one of Namibia's well-known geographical features. The Kalahari, while popularly known as a desert, has a variety of localised environments, including some verdant and technically non-desert areas. One of these, known as the Succulent Karoo, is home to over 5,000 species of plants, nearly half of them endemic; Approximately 10 percent of the world's succulents are found in the Karoo. The reason behind this high productivity and endemism may be the relatively stable nature of precipitation.

Q1: What Desert is shared between South Africa and Botswana?
A1: Kalahari Desert
Q2: How many plants species are found in Succulent Karoo?
A2: 5,000
Q3: How many plants are endemic to the Succulent Karoo?
A3: half
Q4: How many of the worlds succulents are found in Karoo?
A4: 10 percent
Q5: What is probably the reason there are so many unique plants in Karoo?
A5: stable nature of precipitation
Title: Armenia
Topic: History

The Karabakh war ended after a Russian-brokered cease-fire was put in place in 1994. The war was a success for the Karabakh Armenian forces who managed to capture 16% of Azerbaijan's internationally recognised territory including Nagorno-Karabakh itself. Since then, Armenia and Azerbaijan have held peace talks, mediated by the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). The status of Karabakh has yet to be determined. The economies of both countries have been hurt in the absence of a complete resolution and Armenia's borders with Turkey and Azerbaijan remain closed. By the time both Azerbaijan and Armenia had finally agreed to a ceasefire in 1994, an estimated 30,000 people had been killed and over a million had been displaced.

Q1: When did the Karabakh War end?
A1: 1994
Q2: What does OSCE stand for?
A2: Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Q3: Armenia has closed borders with which two countries?
A3: Turkey and Azerbaijan
Q4: How many people died as a result of the fighting betwen Armenia and Azerbaijan?
A4: 30,000
Q5: Who gained the most from the Karabakh War?
A5: Karabakh Armenian forces
Title: John_Kerry
Topic: Warfare

The Kerry Committee report found that "the Contra drug links included..... payments to drug traffickers by the U.S. State Department of funds authorized by the Congress for humanitarian assistance to the Contras, in some cases after the traffickers had been indicted by federal law enforcement agencies on drug charges, in others while traffickers were under active investigation by these same agencies." The U.S. State Department paid over $806,000 to known drug traffickers to carry humanitarian assistance to the Contras. Kerry's findings provoked little reaction in the media and official Washington.

Q1: Who was the State Department giving money to?
A1: drug traffickers
Q2: Where had the money given to drug traffickers come from?
A2: funds authorized by the Congress for humanitarian assistance to the Contras
Q3: How much money did the State Department give the traffickers?
A3: over $806,000
Q4: What was the response to Kerry's accusation of funding traffickers?
A4: little reaction in the media and official Washington
Title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan
Topic: History

The Kerrytown Shops, Main Street Business District, the State Street Business District, and the South University Business District are commercial areas in downtown Ann Arbor. Three commercial areas south of downtown include the areas near I-94 and Ann Arbor-Saline Road, Briarwood Mall, and the South Industrial area. Other commercial areas include the Arborland/Washtenaw Avenue and Packard Road merchants on the east side, the Plymouth Road area in the northeast, and the Westgate/West Stadium areas on the west side. Downtown contains a mix of 19th- and early-20th-century structures and modern-style buildings, as well as a farmers' market in the Kerrytown district. The city's commercial districts are composed mostly of two- to four-story structures, although downtown and the area near Briarwood Mall contain a small number of high-rise buildings.

Q1: Which district has the farmers market in the city?
A1: Kerrytown district
Q2: Which districts compose mostly of 2-4 story structures?
A2: commercial districts
Q3: Which area in the city contains 19th&20th century as well as modern structures?
A3: Downtown
Title: Carnival
Topic: Philosophy and religion

The King presides over a period of misrule in which conventional social rules may be broken and reckless behavior is encouraged. Festivities are held in the open air, beginning with a cercavila, a ritual procession throughout the town to call everyone to attend. Rues of masked revelers dance alongside. On Thursday Dijous Gras (Fat Thursday) is celebrated, also called 'omelette day' (el dia de la truita), coques (de llardons, butifarra d'ou, butifarra) and omelettes are eaten. The festivities end on Ash Wednesday with elaborate funeral rituals marking the death of King Carnival, who is typically burned on a pyre in what is called the burial of the sardine (enterrament de la sardina), or, in Vilanova, as l'enterro.

Q1: When may conventional social rules be broken?
A1: a period of misrule
Q2: Who oversees the period of reckless behavior?
A2: The King
Q3: What is the ritual procession through the town to call everyone to attendance called?
A3: cercavila
Q4: Fat Thursday is also known as what day?
A4: omelette day
Q5: Who is typically burned on a pyre?
A5: King Carnival
Title: Nigeria
Topic: History

The Kingdom of Nri of the Igbo people consolidated in the 10th century and continued until it lost its sovereignty to the British in 1911. Nri was ruled by the Eze Nri, and the city of Nri is considered to be the foundation of Igbo culture. Nri and Aguleri, where the Igbo creation myth originates, are in the territory of the Umeuri clan. Members of the clan trace their lineages back to the patriarchal king-figure Eri. In West Africa, the oldest bronzes made using the lost-wax process were from Igbo Ukwu, a city under Nri influence.

Q1: Which tribe ran the city of Nri?
A1: Igbo
Q2: When was Nri taken over by the British?
A2: 1911
Q3: Igbo Ukwu made the oldest bronze art using which process?
A3: lost-wax
Q4: Who ruled Nri?
A4: the Eze Nri
Q5: Which clan is Nri in the territory of?
A5: Umeuri
Title: Hellenistic_period
Topic: History

The Kingdom of Pontus was a Hellenistic kingdom on the southern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by Mithridates I in 291 BC and lasted until its conquest by the Roman Republic in 63 BC. Despite being ruled by a dynasty which was a descendant of the Persian Achaemenid Empire it became hellenized due to the influence of the Greek cities on the Black Sea and its neighboring kingdoms. Pontic culture was a mix of Greek and Iranian elements, the most hellenized parts of the kingdom were on the coast, populated by Greek colonies such as Trapezus and Sinope, which became the capital of the kingdom. Epigraphic evidence also shows extensive Hellenistic influence in the interior. During the reign of Mithridates II, Pontus was allied with the Seleucids through dynastic marriages. By the time of Mithridates VI Eupator, Greek was the official language of the kingdom though Anatolian languages continued to be spoken.

Q1: What kingdom was Hellenistic and on the southern coast of the Black Sea?
A1: Pontus
Q2: Who founded the Kingdom of Pontus?
A2: Mithridates I
Q3: When was the Kingdom of Pontus founded?
A3: 291 BC
Q4: When was the Kingdom of Pontus taken over by the Roman Republic?
A4: 63 BC
Q5: What was the official language of the Kingdom of Pontus during the reign of Mithridates VI Eupator?
A5: Greek
Title: East_Prussia
Topic: History

The Kingdom of Prussia became the leading state of the German Empire after its creation in 1871. However, the Treaty of Versailles following World War I granted West Prussia to Poland and made East Prussia an exclave of Weimar Germany (the new Polish Corridor separating East Prussia from the rest of Germany), while the Memel Territory was detached and was annexed by Lithuania in 1923. Following Nazi Germany's defeat in World War II in 1945, war-torn East Prussia was divided at Joseph Stalin's insistence between the Soviet Union (the Kaliningrad Oblast in the Russian SFSR and the constituent counties of the Klaipėda Region in the Lithuanian SSR) and the People's Republic of Poland (the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship). The capital city Königsberg was renamed Kaliningrad in 1946. The German population of the province was largely evacuated during the war or expelled shortly thereafter in the expulsion of Germans after World War II. An estimated 300,000 (around one fifth of the population) died either in war time bombings raids or in the battles to defend the province.[citation needed]

Q1: What year did the Kingdom of Prussia become the leading state of the German Empire?
A1: 1871
Q2: What well known treaty would eventually would grant West Prussia to Poland?
A2: Versailles
Q3: What year did the Nazi's fall in World War II?
A3: 1945
Q4: How many died trying to defend the province in Kaliningrad?
A4: 300,000
Title: British_Isles
Topic: Geography and places

The Kingdoms of England and Scotland were unified in 1707 creating the Kingdom of Great Britain. Following an attempted republican revolution in Ireland in 1798, the Kingdoms of Ireland and Great Britain were unified in 1801, creating the United Kingdom. The Isle of Man and the Channel Islands remaining outside of the United Kingdom but with their ultimate good governance being the responsibility of the British Crown (effectively the British government). Although, the colonies of North American that would become the United States of America were lost by the start of the 19th century, the British Empire expanded rapidly elsewhere. A century later it would cover one third of the globe. Poverty in the United Kingdom remained desperate however and industrialisation in England led to terrible condition for the working class. Mass migrations following the Irish Famine and Highland Clearances resulted in the distribution of the islands' population and culture throughout the world and a rapid de-population of Ireland in the second-half of the 19th century. Most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom after the Irish War of Independence and the subsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty (1919–1922), with the six counties that formed Northern Ireland remaining as an autonomous region of the UK.

Q1: In what year was the Kingdom of Great Britain founded?
A1: 1707
Q2: When did the Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland unite?
A2: 1801
Q3: How large did the British Empire become by the beginning of the 20th century?
A3: one third of the globe
Q4: What negative factor occurred as a result of the Industrial Revolution in England?
A4: terrible condition for the working class
Q5: What was the result of the Anglo-Irish Treaty in 1919-1922?
A5: Most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

The Kinsey scale has been praised for dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality. However, the scale has been criticized because it is still not a true continuum. Despite seven categories being able to provide a more accurate description of sexual orientation than a dichotomous scale it is still difficult to determine which category individuals should be assigned to. In a major study comparing sexual response in homosexual males and females, Masters and Johnson discuss the difficulty of assigning the Kinsey ratings to participants. Particularly, they found it difficult to determine the relative amount heterosexual and homosexual experience and response in a person's history when using the scale. They report finding it difficult to assign ratings 2-4 for individuals with a large number of heterosexual and homosexual experiences. When, there is a lot of heterosexual and homosexual experiences in one's history it becomes difficult for that individual to be fully objective in assessing the relative amount of each.

Q1: What has the KInsey scaled been praised for?
A1: dismissing the dichotomous classification of sexual orientation and allowing for a new perspective on human sexuality.
Q2: What has the Kinsey scale been critisized for?
A2: because it is still not a true continuum
Q3: How many categories are used in the KInsey scale?
A3: seven
Q4: In a study by Masters and Johnson what did the find difficult about KIneys ratings?
A4: to determine the relative amount heterosexual and homosexual experience and response in a person's history when using the scale
Q5: What in somebodys past caused problems for the Kinsey scale?
A5: a large number of heterosexual and homosexual experiences
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

The Kinsey scale provides a classification of sexual orientation based on the relative amounts of heterosexual and homosexual experience or psychic response in one's history at a given time. The classification scheme works such that individuals in the same category show the same balance between the heterosexual and homosexual elements in their histories. The position on the scale is based on the relation of heterosexuality to homosexuality in one's history, rather than the actual amount of overt experience or psychic response. An individual can be assigned a position on the scale in accordance with the following definitions of the points of the scale:

Q1: What does the Kinsey scale provide a classification for?
A1: sexual orientation based on the relative amounts of heterosexual and homosexual experience or psychic response in one's history at a given time.
Q2: How does the classifiacation scheme work on the Kinsey scale?
A2: such that individuals in the same category show the same balance between the heterosexual and homosexual elements in their histories
Q3: What is the position on the Kinsey scale based on?
A3: relation of heterosexuality to homosexuality in one's history
Q4: What positions does the KInsey scale not use?
A4: the actual amount of overt experience or psychic response
Title: Sexual_orientation
Topic: Natural sciences

The Kinsey scale, also called the Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale, was first published in Sexual Behavior in the Human Male (1948) by Alfred Kinsey, Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin and also featured in Sexual Behavior in the Human Female (1953). The scale was developed to combat the assumption at the time that people are either heterosexual or homosexual and that these two types represent antitheses in the sexual world. Recognizing that a large portion of population is not completely heterosexual or homosexual and people can experience both heterosexual and homosexual behavior and psychic responses, Kinsey et al., stated:

Q1: What other name does the KInsey scale go by?
A1: Heterosexual-Homosexual Rating Scale
Q2: When was the KInsey scale first published?
A2: 1948
Q3: Why was the KInsey scale developed?
A3: to combat the assumption at the time that people are either heterosexual or homosexual
Q4: What did KInsey state as his reasoning for the scale?
A4: Recognizing that a large portion of population is not completely heterosexual or homosexual and people can experience both heterosexual and homosexual behavior
Q5: Who else was featured in The sexual behavior of the human male?
A5: Wardell Pomeroy, and Clyde Martin
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Topic: Geography and places

The Knights of Columbus, the world's largest Catholic fraternal service organization and a Fortune 1000 company, is headquartered in New Haven. Two more Fortune 1000 companies are based in Greater New Haven: the electrical equipment producers Hubbell, based in Orange, and Amphenol, based in Wallingford. Eight Courant 100 companies are based in Greater New Haven, with four headquartered in New Haven proper. New Haven-based companies traded on stock exchanges include NewAlliance Bank, the second largest bank in Connecticut and fourth-largest in New England (NYSE: NAL), Higher One Holdings (NYSE: ONE), a financial services firm United Illuminating, the electricity distributor for southern Connecticut (NYSE: UIL), Achillion Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: ACHN), Alexion Pharmaceuticals (NasdaqGS: ALXN), and Transpro Inc. (AMEX: TPR). Vion Pharmaceuticals is traded OTC (OTC BB: VIONQ.OB). Other notable companies based in the city include the Peter Paul Candy Manufacturing Company (the candy-making division of the Hershey Company), the American division of Assa Abloy (one of the world's leading manufacturers of locks), Yale University Press, and the Russell Trust Association (the business arm of the Skull and Bones Society). The Southern New England Telephone Company (SNET) began operations in the city as the District Telephone Company of New Haven in 1878; the company remains headquartered in New Haven as a subsidiary of AT&T Inc., now doing business as AT&T Connecticut, and provides telephone service for all but two municipalities in Connecticut.

Q1: What Fortune 1000 company, also the largest Catholic service organization in the world, is based in New Haven?
A1: The Knights of Columbus
Q2: What prominent producer of electrical equipment, also a Fortune 1000 company, is based in Greater New Haven? 
A2: Hubbell
Q3: What publicly traded bank, also the second largest in Connecticut, is based in New Haven?
A3: NewAlliance
Q4: What is the name of the New Haven-based business faction of the infamous Skull and Bones Society?
A4: Russell Trust Association
Q5: In what year did the Southern New England Telephone Company, formerly the District Telephone Company of New Haven, establish operations in the area? 
A5: 1878
Q6: New Haven contains one of largest religious service organization in the world, it's name?
A6: Knights of Columbus
Q7: Within the New Haven metropolitan area contain a Fortune 1000 company located in Orange, the name of the company?
A7: Hubbell
Q8: What is the name of the second largest bank found in Connecticut?
A8: NewAlliance Bank
Q9: As one of the oldest telephone companies, the SNET started in what year?
A9: 1878
Q10: In modern day SNET operates as what in New Haven?
A10: subsidiary of AT&T