LucaSailor/old huggingface dataset:
Title: Ottoman_Empire
Topic: History

Before the reforms of the 19th and 20th centuries, the state organisation of the Ottoman Empire was a simple system that had two main dimensions, which were the military administration and the civil administration. The Sultan was the highest position in the system. The civil system was based on local administrative units based on the region's characteristics. The Ottomans practiced a system in which the state (as in the Byzantine Empire) had control over the clergy. Certain pre-Islamic Turkish traditions that had survived the adoption of administrative and legal practices from Islamic Iran remained important in Ottoman administrative circles. According to Ottoman understanding, the state's primary responsibility was to defend and extend the land of the Muslims and to ensure security and harmony within its borders within the overarching context of orthodox Islamic practice and dynastic sovereignty.

Q1: What was the highest ranked person in the Ottoman Empire until the 19th century?
A1: Sultan was the highest position
Q2: On type of system were the civil administrations of the empire based on? 
A2: local administrative units based on the region's characteristics
Q3: Who had control over the clergy in the Ottoman empire?
A3: the state
Q4: What was the main responsibility of the Ottoman state as it relates to lands?
A4: to defend and extend the land of the Muslims
Q5: What type of practice guided the Ottoman state in its responsibilities?
A5: orthodox Islamic practice
Title: Royal_assent
Topic: History

Before the reign of Henry VIII, the sovereign always granted his or her assent in person. The sovereign, wearing the Imperial State Crown, would be seated on the throne in the Lords chamber, surrounded by heralds and members of the royal court—a scene that nowadays is repeated only at the annual State Opening of Parliament. The Commons, led by their speaker, would listen from the Bar of the Lords, just outside the chamber. The Clerk of the Parliaments presented the bills awaiting assent to the monarch, save that supply bills were traditionally brought up by the speaker. The Clerk of the Crown, standing on the sovereign's right, then read aloud the titles of the bills (in earlier times, the entire text of the bills). The Clerk of the Parliaments, standing on the sovereign's left, responded by stating the appropriate Norman French formula.

Q1: When assention was formally granted in person, who read the titles of the bills?
A1: The Clerk of the Crown
Q2: What job did the Clerk of the Parliaments have during assention notifications?
A2: stating the appropriate Norman French formula
Q3: Before whose reign was assent always granted in person?
A3: Henry VIII
Q4: Nowadays, when is the only time a formal assention ceremony occurs?
A4: the annual State Opening of Parliament
Q5: On which side of the soverign does the Clerk of the Crown stand?
A5: right
Title: IPod
Topic: Engineering and technology

Before the release of iOS 5, the iPod branding was used for the media player included with the iPhone and iPad, a combination of the Music and Videos apps on the iPod Touch. As of iOS 5, separate apps named "Music" and "Videos" are standardized across all iOS-powered products. While the iPhone and iPad have essentially the same media player capabilities as the iPod line, they are generally treated as separate products. During the middle of 2010, iPhone sales overtook those of the iPod.

Q1: Prior to iOS 5, how many apps were required to play music and videos on iPhone and iPad?
A1: one
Q2: In mid-2010, which Apple device had higher sales than iPod?
A2: iPhone
Q3: With what iOS release did Apple standardize media apps on all their products?
A3: iOS 5
Q4: In what year did iPhone sales surpass those of iPods?
A4: 2010
Q5: What are the titles of the standard media apps on current Apple devices?
A5: "Music" and "Videos"
Title: Military_history_of_the_United_States
Topic: History

Before the war, many observers believed the US and its allies could win but might suffer substantial casualties (certainly more than any conflict since Vietnam), and that the tank battles across the harsh desert might rival those of North Africa during World War II. After nearly 50 years of proxy wars, and constant fears of another war in Europe between NATO and the Warsaw Pact, some thought the Persian Gulf War might finally answer the question of which military philosophy would have reigned supreme. Iraqi forces were battle-hardened after 8 years of war with Iran, and they were well equipped with late model Soviet tanks and jet fighters, but the antiaircraft weapons were crippled; in comparison, the US had no large-scale combat experience since its withdrawal from Vietnam nearly 20 years earlier, and major changes in US doctrine, equipment and technology since then had never been tested under fire.

Q1: Some observers thought that the Persian Gulf War would have tank battles similar to what war?
A1: North Africa during World War II
Q2: What conflict was supposed to have provided Iraqi forces with battle experience?
A2: 8 years of war with Iran
Q3: What equipment did the Iraqi army possess?
A3: late model Soviet tanks and jet fighters
Q4: Prior to the Persian Gulf War, where and when was the last major American military conflict?
A4: Vietnam nearly 20 years earlier
Q5: What problem did the Iraqi forces have?
A5: the antiaircraft weapons were crippled
Title: Daylight_saving_time
Topic: Engineering and technology

Beginning and ending dates are roughly the reverse in the southern hemisphere. For example, mainland Chile observed DST from the second Saturday in October to the second Saturday in March, with transitions at 24:00 local time. The time difference between the United Kingdom and mainland Chile could therefore be five hours during the Northern summer, three hours during the Southern summer and four hours a few weeks per year because of mismatch of changing dates.

Q1: In the southern hemisphere, what aspect of DST is about the reverse of that of the northern hemisphere?
A1: Beginning and ending dates
Q2: At what local time does Chile change their clocks for DST?
A2: 24:00
Q3: What day of the week does DST begin and end in Chile?
A3: Saturday
Q4: In the Northern hemisphere's summer, what is the time difference between the UK and Chile?
A4: five hours
Q5: During what season in the Southern hemisphere is there a three-hour time difference between mainland Chile and the United Kingdom?
A5: summer
Title: Guinea-Bissau
Topic: Geography and places

Beginning around 2005, drug traffickers based in Latin America began to use Guinea-Bissau, along with several neighboring West African nations, as a transshipment point to Europe for cocaine. The nation was described by a United Nations official as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state". The government and the military have done little to stop drug trafficking, which increased after the 2012 coup d'état.

Q1: When did drug traffickers begin to use Guinea-Bissau?
A1: 2005
Q2: Where did the drug traffickers come from?
A2: Latin America
Q3: What was the final destination of the drugs going through Guinea-Bissau?
A3: Europe
Q4: Who described Guinea-Bissau as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state"?
A4: a United Nations official
Q5: Who has done little to stop drug trafficking in the country?
A5: The government and the military
Title: Cotton
Topic: Natural sciences

Beginning as a self-help program in the mid-1960s, the Cotton Research and Promotion Program (CRPP) was organized by U.S. cotton producers in response to cotton's steady decline in market share. At that time, producers voted to set up a per-bale assessment system to fund the program, with built-in safeguards to protect their investments. With the passage of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act of 1966, the program joined forces and began battling synthetic competitors and re-establishing markets for cotton. Today, the success of this program has made cotton the best-selling fiber in the U.S. and one of the best-selling fibers in the world.[citation needed]

Q1: What prompted a help program produced by cotton producers in the 1960s?
A1: decline in market share
Q2: What law was passed in 1966 to aid cotton producers?
A2: Cotton Research and Promotion Act
Q3: What type of competitors does the 1966 act help combat?
A3: synthetic competitors
Q4: Where has the Cotton Research and Promotion Act made cotton the best selling fiber?
A4: U.S.
Q5: What did producers of cotton have to re-establish after the market declined?
A5: markets for cotton
Title: Kanye_West
Topic: Music

Beginning his second effort that fall, West would invest two million dollars and take over a year to craft his second album. West was significantly inspired by Roseland NYC Live, a 1998 live album by English trip hop group Portishead, produced with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. Early in his career, the live album had inspired him to incorporate string arrangements into his hip-hop production. Though West had not been able to afford many live instruments around the time of his debut album, the money from his commercial success enabled him to hire a string orchestra for his second album Late Registration. West collaborated with American film score composer Jon Brion, who served as the album's co-executive producer for several tracks. Although Brion had no prior experience in creating hip-hop records, he and West found that they could productively work together after their first afternoon in the studio where they discovered that neither confined his musical knowledge and vision to one specific genre. Late Registration sold over 2.3 million units in the United States alone by the end of 2005 and was considered by industry observers as the only successful major album release of the fall season, which had been plagued by steadily declining CD sales.

Q1: What kind of ensemble did Kanye hire to work on his second album?
A1: string orchestra
Q2: What composer worked alongside Kanye on the album's production?
A2: Jon Brion
Q3: What was the name of Kanye's second studio album?
A3: Late Registration
Q4: How many copies of Late Registration sold in its first year?
A4: 2.3 million
Q5: What English music group was an inspiration for Kanye West on his second album?
A5: Portishead
Q6: What was the name of West's second album?
A6: Late Registration
Q7: How many copies of Late Registration were sold in the United States?
A7: 2.3 million
Title: Military_history_of_the_United_States
Topic: History

Beginning in 1689, the colonies became involved in a series of wars between Great Britain and France for control of North America, the most important of which were Queen Anne's War, in which the British conquered French colony Acadia, and the final French and Indian War (1754–63) when Britain was victorious over all the French colonies in North America. This final war was to give thousands of colonists, including Virginia colonel George Washington, military experience which they put to use during the American Revolutionary War.

Q1: When did wars between Britain and France in North America start?
A1: 1689
Q2: What was the most important North American conflict between France and Britain called?
A2: Queen Anne's War
Q3: What French colony did Great Britain conquer in Queen Anne's War?
A3: Acadia
Q4: When was the final French and Indian War fought?
A4: 1754–63
Q5: What future American founding father fought in the French and Indian War?
A5: George Washington
Title: Gramophone_record
Topic: Music

Beginning in 1939, Dr. Peter Goldmark and his staff at Columbia Records and at CBS Laboratories undertook efforts to address problems of recording and playing back narrow grooves and developing an inexpensive, reliable consumer playback system. It took about eight years of study, except when it was suspended because of World War II. Finally, the 12-inch (30 cm) Long Play (LP) 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove record album was introduced by the Columbia Record Company at a New York press conference on June 18, 1948.

Q1: What caused a delay in the production of high quality records?
A1: World War II
Q2: Who released the 12 inch LP?
A2: Columbia Record Company
Q3: On what date was the 12 inch LP released?
A3: June 18, 1948
Q4: In what city was the 12 in LP released?
A4: New York
Q5: How long did it take Columbia to produce a consumer friendly long play record?
A5: about eight years
Title: Nigeria
Topic: History

Beginning in 1979, Nigerians participated in a brief return to democracy when Olusegun Obasanjo transferred power to the civilian regime of Shehu Shagari. The Shagari government became viewed as corrupt and incompetent by virtually all sectors of Nigerian society. The military coup of Muhammadu Buhari shortly after the regime's fraudulent re-election in 1984 was generally viewed as a positive development. Buhari promised major reforms, but his government fared little better than its predecessor. His regime was overthrown by another military coup in 1985.

Q1: Which Nigerian leader transferred power in 1979?
A1: Olusegun Obasanjo
Q2: Which Nigerian leader received power in 1979?
A2: Shehu Shagari
Q3: How did Nigerians view the Shagari administration?
A3: corrupt and incompetent
Q4: Who led a military coup against Shagari?
A4: Muhammadu Buhari
Q5: When did another military coup overthrow Buhari?
A5: 1985
Title: Institute_of_technology
Topic: Engineering and technology

Beginning in 2004 former Technikons have either been merged with traditional Universities to form Comprehensive Universities or have become Universities of Technology, however the Universities of Technology have not to date acquired all of the traditional rights and privileges of a University (such as the ability to confer a wide range of degrees).

Q1: When did Technikons start being integrated with traditional South African universities?
A1: 2004
Title: CBC_Television
Topic: History

Beginning in 2005, the CBC has contributed production funds for the BBC Wales revival of Doctor Who, for which it received a special credit at the end of each episode. This arrangement continued until the end of fourth season, broadcast in 2008. The CBC similarly contributed to the first season of the spin-off series, Torchwood. More recently, the network has also begun picking up Canadian rights to some Australian series, including the drama series Janet King and Love Child, and the comedy-drama series Please Like Me.

Q1: What year did the CBC begin contributing funds to the show Doctor Who?
A1: 2005
Q2: When did CBC end its Doctor Who contributions?
A2: the end of fourth season, broadcast in 2008
Q3: Which Doctor Who spinoff did CBC contribute to?
A3: Torchwood
Q4: Which Australian series has CBC taken interest in?
A4: Janet King and Love Child, and the comedy-drama series Please Like Me
Title: Madonna_(entertainer)
Topic: Music

Beginning in April 1985, Madonna embarked on her first concert tour in North America, The Virgin Tour, with the Beastie Boys as her opening act. She progressed from playing CBGB and the Mudd Club to playing large sporting arenas. At that time she released two more hit singles from the album, "Angel" and "Dress You Up". In July, Penthouse and Playboy magazines published a number of nude photos of Madonna, taken in New York in 1978. She had posed for the photographs as she needed money at the time, and was paid as little as $25 a session. The publication of the photos caused a media uproar, but Madonna remained "unapologetic and defiant". The photographs were ultimately sold for up to $100,000. She referred to these events at the 1985 outdoor Live Aid charity concert, saying that she would not take her jacket off because "[the media] might hold it against me ten years from now."

Q1: When was Madonna's first concert tour in North America?
A1: Beginning in April 1985
Q2: Who were the opening act for Madonna's concert The Virgin tour?
A2: Beastie Boys
Q3: When did Madonna have nude photos taken of her in New York?
A3: 1978
Q4: How much was Madonna's nude photos were finally sold for?
A4: up to $100,000
Q5: When was the Live Aid Charity Concert held?
A5: 1985
Title: FA_Cup
Topic: Sports and recreation

Beginning in August, the competition proceeds as a knockout tournament throughout, consisting of twelve rounds, a semi-final and then a final, in May. A system of byes ensures clubs above Level 9 and 10 enter the competition at later stages. There is no seeding, the fixtures in each round being determined by a random draw. Prior to the semi-finals, fixtures ending in a tie are replayed once only. The first six rounds are qualifiers, with the draws organised on a regional basis. The next six rounds are the "proper" rounds where all clubs are in one draw.

Q1: When is the final?
A1: May
Q2: When do clubs above 9 enter? 
A2: clubs above Level 9 and 10 enter the competition at later stages
Q3: Is there seeding?
A3: There is no seeding,
Q4: What happens in the event of a tie?
A4: fixtures ending in a tie are replayed once only
Q5: What are the first 6 rounds? 
A5: The first six rounds are qualifiers
Title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union
Topic: History

Beginning in February 1988, the Democratic Movement of Moldova (formerly Moldavia) organized public meetings, demonstrations, and song festivals, which gradually grew in size and intensity. In the streets, the center of public manifestations was the Stephen the Great Monument in Chişinău, and the adjacent park harboring Aleea Clasicilor (The "Alee of the Classics [of the Literature]"). On January 15, 1988, in a tribute to Mihai Eminescu at his bust on the Aleea Clasicilor, Anatol Şalaru submitted a proposal to continue the meetings. In the public discourse, the movement called for national awakening, freedom of speech, revival of Moldavian traditions, and for attainment of official status for the Romanian language and return to the Latin alphabet. The transition from "movement" (an informal association) to "front" (a formal association) was seen as a natural "upgrade" once a movement gained momentum with the public, and the Soviet authorities no longer dared to crack down on it.

Q1: When did the Democratic Movement of Moldova start operating?
A1: February 1988
Q2: Which monument was a popular meeting place?
A2: Stephen the Great Monument
Q3: Where was the Stephen the Great Monument located?
A3: Chişinău
Q4: What did the movement seek to make the official language of Moldova?
A4: Romanian
Q5: What was Moldova's previous name?
A5: Moldavia
Title: Protestantism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Beginning in first decade of the 15th century, Jan Hus—a Roman Catholic priest, Czech reformist and professor—influenced by John Wycliffe's writings, founded the Hussite movement. He strongly advocated his reformist Bohemian religious denomination. He was excommunicated and burned at the stake in Constance, Bishopric of Constance in 1415 by secular authorities for unrepentant and persistent heresy. After his execution, a revolt erupted. Hussites defeated five continuous crusades proclaimed against them by the Pope.

Q1: Who started the Hussite movement?
A1: Jan Hus
Q2: Whose words were an inspiration for Jan Hus?
A2: John Wycliffe
Q3: How many crusades were waged against the Hussites?
A3: five
Q4: Who called the crusades against the Hussites?
A4: the Pope
Q5: How did Jan Hus die?
A5: burned at the stake
Title: IPod
Topic: Engineering and technology

Beginning in mid-2007, four major airlines, United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates, reached agreements to install iPod seat connections. The free service will allow passengers to power and charge an iPod, and view video and music libraries on individual seat-back displays. Originally KLM and Air France were reported to be part of the deal with Apple, but they later released statements explaining that they were only contemplating the possibility of incorporating such systems.

Q1: In 2007, which airlines made deals to include iPod connections on their planes?
A1: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates
Q2: Where can people using iPods on planes view the device's interface?
A2: individual seat-back displays
Q3: What are two airlines that considered implementing iPod connections but did not join the 2007 agreement?
A3: KLM and Air France
Q4: Which airlines first agreed to install seat connections for iPods?
A4: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates
Q5: In what year did airlines first start to accommodate the iPod?
A5: 2007
Title: Dutch_Republic
Topic: History

Beginning in the 18th century, the situation changed from more or less active persecution of religious services to a state of restricted toleration of other religions, as long as their services took place secretly in private churches.

Q1: When did the active persecution of religious services become more of a restricted tolerance?
A1: in the 18th century
Q2: Religious services for other religions were tolerated as long as they adhered to what rule?
A2: as long as their services took place secretly in private churches
Title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation
Topic: History

Beginning in the 1940s and continuing into the 1970s, the bureau investigated cases of espionage against the United States and its allies. Eight Nazi agents who had planned sabotage operations against American targets were arrested, and six were executed (Ex parte Quirin) under their sentences. Also during this time, a joint US/UK code-breaking effort (the Venona project)—with which the FBI was heavily involved—broke Soviet diplomatic and intelligence communications codes, allowing the US and British governments to read Soviet communications. This effort confirmed the existence of Americans working in the United States for Soviet intelligence. Hoover was administering this project but failed to notify the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) until 1952. Another notable case is the arrest of Soviet spy Rudolf Abel in 1957. The discovery of Soviet spies operating in the US allowed Hoover to pursue his longstanding obsession with the threat he perceived from the American Left, ranging from Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) union organizers to American liberals.

Q1: When did the FBI begin investigating espionage?
A1: 1940s
Q2: How many Nazis were arrested?
A2: Eight
Q3: What project broke Soviet codes?
A3: the Venona project
Q4: What agency did Hoover not tell about the code break and the discoveries gained from it?
A4: CIA
Title: University_of_Kansas
Topic: Geography and places

Beginning in the 2007–2008 academic year, first-time freshman at KU pay a fixed tuition rate for 48 months according to the Four-Year Tuition Compact passed by the Kansas Board of Regents. For the 2014–15 academic year, tuition was $318 per credit hour for in-state freshman and $828 for out-of-state freshmen. For transfer students, who do not take part in the compact, 2014–15 per-credit-hour tuition was $295 for in-state undergraduates and $785 for out-of-state undergraduates; subject to annual increases. Students enrolled in 6 or more credit hours also paid an annual required campus fee of $888. The schools of architecture, music, arts, business, education, engineering, journalism, law, pharmacy, and social welfare charge additional fees.

Q1: What was first instituted for first year students in the 2007-2008 school year?
A1: fixed tuition rate
Q2: For how long does the fixed rate of tuition last?
A2: 48 months
Q3: What was the edict approved by the Board of Regents that provided for the fixed tuition program?
A3: Four-Year Tuition Compact
Q4: How much did a student from outside of Kansas have to pay per course credit in 2014-15?
A4: $828
Q5: What is charged at KU's specialized professional schools?
A5: additional fees
Title: Alfred_North_Whitehead
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Beginning in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Whitehead gradually turned his attention from mathematics to philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics. He developed a comprehensive metaphysical system which radically departed from most of western philosophy. Whitehead argued that reality consists of processes rather than material objects, and that processes are best defined by their relations with other processes, thus rejecting the theory that reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of one another. Today Whitehead's philosophical works – particularly Process and Reality – are regarded as the foundational texts of process philosophy.

Q1: What did Whitehead first study?
A1: mathematics
Q2: What was Whitehead's second area of study?
A2: philosophy
Q3: What was Whitehead's final area of study?
A3: metaphysics
Q4: What type of system did he develop?
A4: metaphysical
Q5: What did Whitehead argue reality consists of?
A5: processes
Q6: During which decade did Whitehead's focus start shifting away from mathematics?
A6: 1910s
Q7: After moving away from mathematics, what subjects did Whitehead explore?
A7: philosophy of science, and finally to metaphysics
Q8: As opposed to physical objects, what did Whitehead believe reality is composed of?
A8: processes
Q9: What was the predominant theory of reality that Whitehead opposed?
A9: reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of one another
Q10: What book of Whitehead's is now considered a primary source of process philosophy?
A10: Process and Reality
Title: Architecture
Topic: Art and architecture

Beginning in the late 1950s and 1960s, architectural phenomenology emerged as an important movement in the early reaction against modernism, with architects like Charles Moore in the USA, Christian Norberg-Schulz in Norway, and Ernesto Nathan Rogers and Vittorio Gregotti in Italy, who collectively popularized an interest in a new contemporary architecture aimed at expanding human experience using historical buildings as models and precedents. Postmodernism produced a style that combined contemporary building technology and cheap materials, with the aesthetics of older pre-modern and non-modern styles, from high classical architecture to popular or vernacular regional building styles. Robert Venturi famously defined postmodern architecture as a "decorated shed" (an ordinary building which is functionally designed inside and embellished on the outside), and upheld it against modernist and brutalist "ducks" (buildings with unnecessarily expressive tectonic forms).

Q1: When was the start of the  architectural phenomenology movement?
A1: the late 1950s and 1960s
Q2: What was  architectural phenomenology reacting to?
A2: modernism
Q3: What were the architectural phenomenologists hoping to expand?
A3: human experience
Q4: Who called postmodern architecture a "decorated shed"?
A4: Robert Venturi
Q5: What term did Venturi use for brutalist and mondernist buildings?
A5: "ducks"
Title: Roman_Republic
Topic: History

Beginning in the summer of 54 BC, a wave of political corruption and violence swept Rome. This chaos reached a climax in January of 52 BC, when Clodius was murdered in a gang war by Milo. On 1 January 49 BC, an agent of Caesar presented an ultimatum to the senate. The ultimatum was rejected, and the senate then passed a resolution which declared that if Caesar did not lay down his arms by July of that year, he would be considered an enemy of the Republic. Meanwhile, the senators adopted Pompey as their new champion against Caesar. On 7 January of 49 BC, the senate passed a senatus consultum ultimum, which vested Pompey with dictatorial powers. Pompey's army, however, was composed largely of untested conscripts. On 10 January, Caesar crossed the Rubicon with his veteran army (in violation of Roman laws) and marched towards Rome. Caesar's rapid advance forced Pompey, the consuls and the senate to abandon Rome for Greece. Caesar entered the city unopposed.

Q1: In which year did Clodius die?
A1: 52 BC
Q2: Who was responsible for the death of Clodius?
A2: Milo
Q3: Who did the senators decide would aid them in their conflict with Caesar?
A3: Pompey
Q4: What type of powers were granted to Pompey by the senate?
A4: dictatorial
Q5: Ultimately what forced the senate to abandon Rome and flee to Greece?
A5: Caesar's rapid advance
Title: American_Idol
Topic: Music

Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..

Q1: Who was a mentor to the contestants on American Idol in its thirteenth season? 
A1: Randy Jackson
Q2: Who mentored contestants in the fourteenth and fifteenth seasons of American Idol?
A2: Scott Borchetta
Q3: What two things did the mentors help the contestants with?
A3: song choice and performance
Q4: Who was the mentor for seasons 10 - 12?
A4: Jimmy Iovine
Q5: Who was the mentor for season 13?
A5: Randy Jackson
Q6: Who was the mentor for seasons 14 and 15?
A6: Scott Borchetta
Title: Southern_Europe
Topic: Geography and places

Beginning roughly in the 14th century in Florence, and later spreading through Europe with the development of the printing press, a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology, with the Arabic texts and thought bringing about rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman knowledge.

Q1: When was the start of the period known as the Renaissance?
A1: 14th century
Q2: In what city did the Renaissance begin?
A2: Florence
Q3: What areas of knowledge were subject to much debate during the Renaissance?
A3: science and theology
Q4: The encounter with Arabic knowledge put Renaissance thinkers back in touch with the teachings of which ancient civilizations?
A4: Greek and Roman
Title: Black_people
Topic: Language and literature

Beginning several centuries ago, during the period of the Ottoman Empire, tens of thousands of Black Africans were brought by slave traders to plantations and agricultural areas situated between Antalya and Istanbul in present-day Turkey. Some of their descendants remained in situ, and many migrated to larger cities and towns. Other blacks slaves were transported to Crete, from where they or their descendants later reached the İzmir area through the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923, or indirectly from Ayvalık in pursuit of work.

Q1: When did the slave trade begin?
A1: during the period of the Ottoman Empire
Q2: Where were the slaves brought?
A2: Antalya and Istanbul in present-day Turkey
Q3: Where did former slaves go for work once freed?
A3: İzmir area
Q4: What year did they begin to migrate to Izmir?
A4: 1923
Title: Modern_history
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Beginning the Age of Revolution, the American Revolution and the ensuing political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century saw the Thirteen Colonies of North America overthrow the governance of the Parliament of Great Britain, and then reject the British monarchy itself to become the sovereign United States of America. In this period the colonies first rejected the authority of the Parliament to govern them without representation, and formed self-governing independent states. The Second Continental Congress then joined together against the British to defend that self-governance in the armed conflict from 1775 to 1783 known as the American Revolutionary War (also called American War of Independence).

Q1: What event did the American revolution cause?
A1: British monarchy itself to become the sovereign United States of America.
Q2: How did the Thirteen Colonies become The United States Of America?
A2: overthrow the governance of the Parliament of Great Britain, and then reject the British monarchy
Q3: Why did the United States form independent states?
A3: the colonies first rejected the authority of the Parliament to govern them without representation
Q4: Who did the Second Continental Congress join together against?
A4: the British
Q5: What is the armed conflict form 1775 to 1783 is known as?
A5: American Revolutionary War
Title: Idealism
Topic: Philosophy and religion

Beginning with Immanuel Kant, German idealists such as G. W. F. Hegel, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, and Arthur Schopenhauer dominated 19th-century philosophy. This tradition, which emphasized the mental or "ideal" character of all phenomena, gave birth to idealistic and subjectivist schools ranging from British idealism to phenomenalism to existentialism. The historical influence of this branch of idealism remains central even to the schools that rejected its metaphysical assumptions, such as Marxism, pragmatism and positivism.

Q1: What was the ethnicity of Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling?
A1: German
Q2: In what century did Hegel write?
A2: 19th
Q3: Along with British idealism and existentialism, what philosophy was influenced by the German idealistic tradition?
A3: phenomenalism
Q4: Along with positivism and pragmatism, what philosophy rejected idealism's metaphysical views but what nevertheless influenced by it?
A4: Marxism
Title: Detroit
Topic: Geography and places

Beginning with its incorporation in 1802, Detroit has had a total of 74 mayors. Detroit's last mayor from the Republican Party was Louis Miriani, who served from 1957 to 1962. In 1973, the city elected its first black mayor, Coleman Young. Despite development efforts, his combative style during his five terms in office was not well received by many suburban residents. Mayor Dennis Archer, a former Michigan Supreme Court Justice, refocused the city's attention on redevelopment with a plan to permit three casinos downtown. By 2008, three major casino resort hotels established operations in the city.

Q1: When was Detroit incorporated?
A1: 1802
Q2: How many mayors has Detroit had?
A2: 74
Q3: Who was Detroit's last Republican mayor?
A3: Louis Miriani
Q4: Who was Detroit's first black mayor?
A4: Coleman Young
Q5: What was Dennis Archer's former occupation?
A5: Supreme Court Justice
Title: Arena_Football_League
Topic: Sports and recreation

Beginning with the 2003 season, the AFL made a deal with NBC to televise league games, which was renewed for another two years in 2005. In conjunction with this, the league moved the beginning of the season from May to February (the week after the NFL's Super Bowl) and scheduled most of its games on Sunday instead of Friday or Saturday as it had in the past. In 2006, because of the XX Winter Olympic Games, the Stanley Cup playoffs and the Daytona 500, NBC scaled back from weekly coverage to scattered coverage during the regular season, but committed to a full playoff schedule ending with the 20th ArenaBowl. NBC and the Arena Football League officially severed ties on June 30, 2006, having failed to reach a new broadcast deal. Las Vegas owner Jim Ferraro stated during a radio interview that the reason why a deal failed is because ESPN refused to show highlights or even mention a product being broadcast on NBC.

Q1: In what month did the AFL season originally begin?
A1: May
Q2: After the TV deal, when was the start of the AFL season moved to?
A2: February
Q3: What days were AFL games traditionally played on before the TV deal?
A3: Friday or Saturday
Q4: When were most of the AFL's games played after the TV deal?
A4: Sunday
Q5: On what date did the business relationship between the AFL and NBC end?
A5: June 30, 2006
Title: Mandolin
Topic: Music

Beginning with the Paris Exposition of 1878, the instrument's popularity rebounded. The Exposition was one of many stops for a popular new performing group the Estudiantes Españoles (Spanish Students). They danced and played guitars, violins and the bandurria, which became confused with the mandolin. Along with the energy and awareness created by the day's hit sensation, a wave of Italian mandolinists travelled Europe in the 1880s and 1890s and in the United States by the mid-1880s, playing and teaching their instrument. The instrument's popularity continued to increase during the 1890s and mandolin popularity was at its height in "early years of the 20th century." Thousands were taking up the instrument as a pastime, and it became an instrument of society, taken up by young men and women. Mandolin orchestras were formed worldwide, incorporating not only the mandolin family of instruments, but also guitars, double basses and zithers.

Q1: When did the mandolin's poplarity rebound?
A1: Beginning with the Paris Exposition of 1878
Q2: What popular group performed at the Paris Exposition? 
A2: Estudiantes Españoles (Spanish Students)
Q3: When was it said that mandolin's popularity peaked? 
A3: early years of the 20th century.
Q4: What instrument was the mandolin confused with during the 1880's? 
A4: bandurria
Q5: What were formed worldwide that incorporated the mandolin famiy of instruments and other instruments as well?
A5: Mandolin orchestras
Title: The_Bronx
Topic: Geography and places

Beginning with the advent of beat match DJing, in which Bronx DJs (Disc Jockeys) including Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa and DJ Kool Herc extended the breaks of funk records, a major new musical genre emerged that sought to isolate the percussion breaks of hit funk, disco and soul songs. As hip hop's popularity grew, performers began speaking ("rapping") in sync with the beats, and became known as MCs or emcees. The Herculoids, made up of Herc, Coke La Rock, and DJ Clark Kent, were the earliest to gain major fame. The Bronx is referred to in hip-hop slang as "The Boogie Down Bronx", or just "The Boogie Down". This was hip-hop pioneer KRS-One's inspiration for his thought provoking group BDP, or Boogie Down Productions, which included DJ Scott La Rock. Newer hip hop artists from the Bronx include Big Pun, Lord Toriq and Peter Gunz, Camp Lo, Swizz Beatz, Drag-On, Fat Joe, Terror Squad and Corey Gunz.

Q1: Who were the Herculoids?
A1: Herc, Coke La Rock, and DJ Clark Kent
Q2: What is 'The Boogie Down'?
A2: The Bronx
Q3: Where is Big Pun from?
A3: the Bronx
Q4: What types of music did hip hop emerge from?
A4: funk, disco and soul
Q5: Who started BDP?
A5: KRS-One
Title: Solar_energy
Topic: Natural sciences

Beginning with the surge in coal use which accompanied the Industrial Revolution, energy consumption has steadily transitioned from wood and biomass to fossil fuels. The early development of solar technologies starting in the 1860s was driven by an expectation that coal would soon become scarce. However, development of solar technologies stagnated in the early 20th century in the face of the increasing availability, economy, and utility of coal and petroleum.

Q1: Why was solar technology developed in the 1860s?
A1: driven by an expectation that coal would soon become scarce
Q2: What slowed the development of solar technologies in the early 20th century?
A2: increasing availability, economy, and utility of coal and petroleum
Title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308
Topic: History

Behavior that may be optimal for an individual (e.g., saving more during adverse economic conditions) can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior, as ultimately one person's consumption is another person's income. Too many consumers attempting to save (or pay down debt) simultaneously is called the paradox of thrift and can cause or deepen a recession. Economist Hyman Minsky also described a "paradox of deleveraging" as financial institutions that have too much leverage (debt relative to equity) cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without significant declines in the value of their assets.

Q1: What is an example of something that can be detrimental if too many individuals pursue the same behavior?
A1: saving more during adverse economic conditions
Q2: What is it called when too many consumers attempt to save or pay down debt at the same time?
A2: paradox of thrift
Q3: What will happen if too many consumers save or pay down debt simultaneously?
A3: can cause or deepen a recession
Q4: Who is the economist who described a "paradox of deleveraging"?
A4: Hyman Minsky
Q5: Financial institutions cannot all de-leverage simultaneously without a decline in the value of this?
A5: their assets
Title: Professional_wrestling
Topic: Sports and recreation

Behind the scenes, the bookers in a company will place the title on the most accomplished performer, or those the bookers believe will generate fan interest in terms of event attendance and television viewership. Lower ranked titles may also be used on the performers who show potential, thus allowing them greater exposure to the audience. However other circumstances may also determine the use of a championship. A combination of a championship's lineage, the caliber of performers as champion, and the frequency and manner of title changes, dictates the audience's perception of the title's quality, significance and reputation.

Q1: What happens behind the scenes of a match?
A1: bookers in a company will place the title on the most accomplished performer,
Q2: Who else do bookers focus on? 
A2: those the bookers believe will generate fan interest
Q3: Who might they use a lower ranked title on?
A3: performers who show potential
Title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System
Topic: Engineering and technology

BeiDou-1 is an experimental regional navigation system, which consists of four satellites (three working satellites and one backup satellite). The satellites themselves were based on the Chinese DFH-3 geostationary communications satellite and had a launch weight of 1,000 kilograms (2,200 pounds) each.

Q1: What is the BeiDou-1?
A1: an experimental regional navigation system
Q2: The BeiDou-1 is made up of how may satellites?
A2: four
Q3: How many satellites in the BeiDou-1 system is used for back up?
A3: one
Q4: What were the BeiDou-1 system satellites based on?
A4: the Chinese DFH-3 geostationary communications satellite
Q5: How much did each satellite for the BeiDou-1 system weigh?
A5: 1,000 kilograms (2,200 pounds) each
Title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System
Topic: Engineering and technology

BeiDou-2 (formerly known as COMPASS) is not an extension to the older BeiDou-1, but rather supersedes it outright. The new system will be a constellation of 35 satellites, which include 5 geostationary orbit satellites for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1, and 30 non-geostationary satellites (27 in medium Earth orbit and 3 in inclined geosynchronous orbit), that will offer complete coverage of the globe.

Q1: What was the BeiDou-2 system previously known as?
A1: COMPASS
Q2: How may satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?
A2: 35
Q3: How many geostationary orbit satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?
A3: 5
Q4: How many non-geostationary orbit satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?
A4: 30
Q5: What is the purpose of the geostationary orbit satellites in the BeiDou-2 system?
A5: for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1
Title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake
Topic: Natural sciences

Beijing accepted the aid of the Tzu Chi Foundation from Taiwan late on May 13. Tzu Chi was the first force from outside the People's Republic of China to join the rescue effort. China stated it would gratefully accept international help to cope with the quake.

Q1: What Foundation wanted to aid Beijing?
A1: the Tzu Chi Foundation
Q2: Where was the foundation based?
A2: Taiwan
Q3: When did Beijing agree to aid from Taiwan?
A3: late on May 13
Q4: What was the first group from outside China to join in the relief operation?
A4: Tzu Chi Foundation
Q5: What did China say they would accept?
A5: international help
Q6: What did China need help for?
A6: cope with the quake
Title: Palermo
Topic: Unknown

Being Sicily's administrative capital, Palermo is a centre for much of the region's finance, tourism and commerce. The city currently hosts an international airport, and Palermo's economic growth over the years has brought the opening of many new businesses. The economy mainly relies on tourism and services, but also has commerce, shipbuilding and agriculture. The city, however, still has high unemployment levels, high corruption and a significant black market empire (Palermo being the home of the Sicilian Mafia). Even though the city still suffers from widespread corruption, inefficient bureaucracy and organized crime, the level of crime in Palermo's has gone down dramatically, unemployment has been decreasing and many new, profitable opportunities for growth (especially regarding tourism) have been introduced, making the city safer and better to live in.

Q1: On what does Palermo's economy rely?
A1: tourism and services, but also has commerce, shipbuilding and agriculture
Q2: Palermo is the home of what mafia?
A2: the Sicilian Mafia
Q3: Has the level of crime in Palermo risen or declined?
A3: gone down dramatically
Q4: What negative qualities does Palermo carry?
A4: high unemployment levels, high corruption and a significant black market empire
Title: Strasbourg
Topic: Geography and places

Being a city on the Ill and close to the Rhine, Strasbourg has always been an important centre of fluvial navigation, as is attested by archeological findings. In 1682 the Canal de la Bruche was added to the river navigations, initially to provide transport for sandstone from quarries in the Vosges for use in the fortification of the city. That canal has since closed, but the subsequent Canal du Rhone au Rhine, Canal de la Marne au Rhin and Grand Canal d'Alsace are still in use, as is the important activity of the Port autonome de Strasbourg. Water tourism inside the city proper attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists yearly.

Q1: What year was the Canal de la Bruche added? 
A1: 1682
Q2: What kind of tourism attracts tourists yearly?
A2: Water tourism
Q3: What river is Strasbourg by?
A3: Rhine
Title: Black_people
Topic: Language and literature

Being identified as either "black" or "white" in Australia during the 19th and early 20th centuries was critical in one's employment and social prospects. Various state-based Aboriginal Protection Boards were established which had virtually complete control over the lives of Indigenous Australians – where they lived, their employment, marriage, education and included the power to separate children from their parents. Aborigines were not allowed to vote and were often confined to reserves and forced into low paid or effectively slave labour. The social position of mixed-race or "half-caste" individuals varied over time. A 1913 report by Sir Baldwin Spencer states that:

Q1: What was established to control the Indigenous Australians?
A1: Aboriginal Protection Boards
Q2: What did the Aboriginal Protection Boards control?
A2: where they lived, their employment, marriage, education and included the power to separate children from their parents.
Q3: Were Aborigines allowed to vote?
A3: Aborigines were not allowed to vote
Q4: Who reported how the Aborigines were treated?
A4: Sir Baldwin Spencer
Q5: What year was his report from?
A5: 1913
Title: Galicia_(Spain)
Topic: Geography and places

Being located on the Atlantic coastline, Galicia has a very mild climate for the latitude and the marine influence affects most of the province to various degrees. In comparison to similar latitudes on the other side of the Atlantic, winters are exceptionally mild, with consistently heavy rainfall. Snow is rare due to temperatures rarely dropping below freezing. The warmest coastal station of Pontevedra has a yearly mean temperature of 14.8 °C (58.6 °F). Ourense located somewhat inland is only slightly warmer with 14.9 °C (58.8 °F). Due to its exposed north-westerly location, the climate is still very cool by Spanish standards. In coastal areas summers are temperered, averaging around 25 °C (77 °F) in Vigo. Temperatures are further cooler in A Coruña, with a subdued 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) normal. Temperatures do however soar in inland areas such as Ourense, where days above 30 °C (86 °F) are very regular.

Q1: Where is Galicia's warmest coastal station?
A1: Pontevedra
Q2: What about inland?
A2: Ourense