Definition: Translate the given Spanish text to English

Positive Example 1 -
Input: A method for converting a series of m-bit information words to a modulated signal is described.
Output: Se describe un método para convertir una serie de palabras de informacion de bits m a una señal modulada.

Positive Example 2 -
Input: A last plastic cover is applied as a final protection.
Output: La presente invencion comprende un nuevo mezclador termocinetico.

Negative Example 1 -
Input: Luminescent optical sensor.
Output: SENSOR OPTICO LUMINISCENTE.

Negative Example 2 -
Input: The urinal is similar to a common toilet.
Output: El común es similar a un inodoro orinal.

Now complete the following example -
Input: A compound or salt thereof according to formula [1]: ** Formula ** wherein, A is a group selected from ** Formula ** T is CH or a nitrogen atom; R1 is a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogen, cyano or hydroxy; each of R2, R3, R4 and R5 is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, halogen, cyano or hydroxyl, or R2 together with R3 and R4 together with R5 they are taken independently together with a carbon atom to which they are anchored to form a carbonyl group (C = O); R6 is oxo, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, halogen, cyano or hydroxy; n is 0-2; each of X1, X2, X3 and X4 is independently a hydrogen atom, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, nitro, formyl, mercapto, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, haloalkenyl C2-C6, C2-C6 haloalkynyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkynyloxy, C2-C6 alkynyloxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C2-C6 haloalkenyloxy, carboxy, carbamoyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, halocycloalkyl C8, C3-C6 cycloalkoxy, C3-C8 halocycloalkoxy, C3-C6 alquinilalcoxi, haloalquinilalcoxi C3-C6alkoxy, C2-C6, C4-C10 cycloalkoxyalkyl, C2-C6 haloalkoxyalkyl, halocicloalcoxialquilo C4-C10, C3-C8 alkoxyalkoxyalkyl, C2 alkoxyalkoxy -C6, C4-C10 cycloalkylalkoxy, C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C4-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, C4-C10 alkylcycloalkyl, C6-C14 cycloalkyl, C4-C10 halocycloalkylalkyl, C6-C10-cycloalkyl, C4-C10-alkyl, haloalkyl -C8, C3-C8 halocycloalkenyl, -SR25, -S (O) R25, -S (O) 2R25, -OS (O) 2R25, - (C1-C6 alkyl) S (O) 2R25, C2-C6 alkylthioalkyl, C2-C6 alkylsulphinyl alkyl, C2-C6 alkyl sulfonylalkyl, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C4-cycloalkylcarbonyl C4 C2-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C2-C6 haloalkoxycarbonyl C4-C8 cycloalkoxycarbonyl C5-C10 cycloalkylalkoxycarbonyl, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyloxy, C2-C6 haloalkylcarbonyloxy, C2-C6-alkoxycarbonyloxy, C2-C6-alkoxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxycarboxyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyCoxycarbonyloxyC2 C3-C6 alkylcarbonylalkoxy, -NR26R27, C2-C6 alkylaminoalkyl, C3-C8 dialkylaminoalkyl, C2-C6 alkyl, C4-C10 cycloalkylaminoalkyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonylamino-C1-C6 alkylaminocarbonylcarbonylcarbonyl -C8, C2-C8 dialkylhydroxyamino, C2-C8 dialkylaminohydroxy, C3-C10 trialkylhydrazino, C3-C10 trialkylsilyl, C4-C10 trialkylsilylalkyl, C5-C10 trialkylsilylalkylalkyl, C3-C10trialkylsilyloxy, trialkylsilylalkyl C4-C12, C5-C12 trialkylsilylalkyloxyalkyl, C5-C12 trialkylsilylalkyloxy, C2-C6 alkylsulfonyloxyalkyl, C2-C6 haloalkylsulfonyloxyalkyl, -C (= NOR28) R29, -C (= NR30) R29, C-6-phenyl benzyl, or X1 together with X2, X2 together with X3 and X3 together with X4 form a C2-C6 alkylene chain that can include an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, or are taken together with an atom carbon to which they are anchored to form a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrrole ring, an imidazole ring, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a pyrimidine ring, a furan ring, a ring of pyrazine, a pyrazole ring or an oxazole ring; R25 is C1-C8 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C3-C8 halocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkylamino, C1-C6 phenyl or benzyl, and C1-C6 phenyl or benzyl may be substituted with at least one R31, R31 is C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C3-C8 cycloalkoxy, C3-C8 halocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkylsulfinyl, C1- alkylsulfonyl C6, C1-C6 haloalkylthio, C1-C6 haloalkylsulfinyl, C1-C6 haloalkylsulfonyl, halogen, cyano or hydroxy; each of R26 and R27 is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C3-C8 halocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C8 dialkylamino, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyl, C2 haloalkylcarbonyl -C6, C4-C8 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C2-C6 haloalkoxycarbonyl, or C3-C10 dialkylaminocarbonyl; R28 is a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl or benzyl; R29 is a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C3-C8 halocycloalkyl, C4-C10 cycloalkylalkyl, C1-C6 phenyl or benzyl; R30 is C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C3-C8 halocycloalkyl, C1-C6 phenyl or benzyl; each of R7 and R8 is independently C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl or C1-C4 haloalkyl; E is -CR32R33-or -NR34-; each of R9, R10, R11, R12, R32 and R33 is independently a hydrogen atom, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C2- haloalkenyl C6, C2-C6 haloalkynyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkylsulfinyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C6 haloalkylthio, C1-C6 haloalkylsulfinyl or C1-C6 haloalkylsulfonyl C6; R34 is a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C2-C6 haloalkenyl, C2-C6 haloalkynyl, C2-C6 alkoxyalkyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3- halocycloalkyl C6 alkylthioalkyl C2-C6 alkyl, alkylsulfinylalkyl C2-C6 alkyl, alkylsulfonylalkyl C2-C6 alkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 alkyl, haloalkylcarbonyl C2-C6 alkoxycarbonyl C2-C6 alkoxycarbonylalkyl C3-C6 alkylaminocarbonyl C1-C6 dialkylaminocarbonyl C3-C6 alkylsulphinyl, C1-C6 or C1-C6 haloalkylsulfonyl; G1, G2 and G3 is an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; each of R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, R20, R21, R22, R23 and R24 is independently a hydrogen atom, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, amino, nitro, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, alkynyl C2-C6, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C2-C6 haloalkenyl, C2-C6 haloalkynyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 halocycloalkyl, C4-C10 alkylcycloalkyl, C4-cycloalkyl, C4-alkyl alkyl C5-C10, alkoxyalkyl C2-C6, hydroxyalkyl C1-C6, alkylthio C1-C6, haloalkylthio C1-C6, alkylsulfinyl C1-C6, haloalkylsulfinyl C1-C6, alkylsulfonyl C1-C6, haloalkylsulfonyl C1-C6, alkylamino C1-C6, alkylamino C1-C6 C2-C8, C3-C6 cycloalkylamino, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C2-C6 haloalkoxycarbonyl, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyloxy, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyloxy, C-C6-C6-alkylcarbonyl C3-C6 trialkylsilyl; R18 is a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C1-C3 alkylthio, halogen, cyano or hydroxy; R19 is a hydrogen atom, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, formyl, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C2-C6 haloalkenyl, C2-C6 haloalkenyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C2-C6 alkenyloxy, C2-C6 alkynyloxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C2-C6 haloalkyloxy, C2-C6 haloalkyloxy, carboxy, carbamoyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 halocycloalkyl, C3-C6 alkoxy, C3-C6 alkoxy C2-C6, C4-C6 cycloalkylalkyl, C4-C6 alkylcycloalkyl, C4-C6 halocycloalkylalkyl, C3-C8 cycloalkenyl, C3-C8 halocycloalkenyl, C1-C6 alkylthio, C1-C6 alkylalkyl, C3-C6-alkyl6-C6-alkyl C2-C6, C2-C6 alkylsulfonylalkyl, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C4-C8 cycloalkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C4-C6 haloalkoxycarbonyl, C6-C6-alkyloxycarbonylcarbonylcarbonyl C2-C6, C1-C6 alkylamino, C1-C6 dialkylamino, C1-C haloalkylamino 6, C1-C6 halodialkylamino, C3-C6 cycloalkylamino, C2-C6 alkylaminoalkyl, C3-C6 dialkylaminoalkyl, C2-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonylamino, C1-C6 alkylcarbonylaminoC2-C6 alkylaminocarbonyl C6 or C3-C10 dialkylaminocarbonyl; or R18 and R19 are taken together with a carbon atom to which they are anchored to form a 3- to 7-membered ring containing members selected from carbon atoms and at most 4 heteroatoms independently selected from at most 2 oxygen atoms, to at most 2 sulfur atoms, at most 2 nitrogen atoms, and at most 2 silicon atoms, where at most 3 member carbon atoms can be substituted with oxo or thioxo, a member sulfur atom is independently selected from S (= O) p (= NR35) q, a silicon member atom is independently selected from SiR36R37, and ring may optionally be substituted with at most 4 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, C1-C2 alkyl, C1- haloalkyl C2, C1-C2 alkoxy or C1-C2 haloalkoxy in a member carbon atom, and cyano, C1-C2 alkyl or C1-C2 alkoxy in a member nitrogen atom; R35 is independently selected from a hydrogen atom, cyano, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, C3-C8 halocycloalkyl, C1-C6 alkylamino, C2 dialkylamino C6, C1-C6 haloalkylamino or C1-C6 phenyl; each of p and q is independently 0, 1 or 2, where a sum of p and q is 0, 1 or 2; each of R36 and R37 is independently C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 halocycloalkyl, C4 cycloalkylalkyl -C10, C4-C7 alkylcycloalkyl or C5-C7 alkylcycloalkylalkyl; Z is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, -N (R38) -, -C (R39) 2-, -OC (R39) 2-, -SC (R39) 2-or -N (R38) C ( R39) 2-, where a link on the left is a bond with a nitrogen atom of A-3, and a link on the right is a link with a carbon atom of A-3; R38 is a hydrogen atom, cyano, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl, C2-C4 alkoxyalkyl, C2-C4 alkylthioalkyl, C2-C4 alkylcarbonyl, C2-C4 haloalkylcarbonyl, C2-C4 alkylaminocarbonylcarbonyl C3-C5, C1-C4 alkylsulfonyl or C1-C4 haloalkylsulfonyl; R18 and R38 are taken together with a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom to which they are anchored to form a partially unsaturated ring of 5 to 7 members that contains members in addition to the selected connector atoms between carbon atoms and at most 5 selected heteroatoms independently between at most 1 oxygen atom, at most 1 sulfur atom, at most 3 nitrogen atoms, and the ring may be optionally substituted with at most 3 substituents independently selected from halogen, cyano, nitro, C1 alkyl -C2, C1-C2 haloalkyl, C1-C2 alkoxy or C1-C2 haloalkoxy in a member carbon atom, and cyano, C1-C2 alkyl or C1-C2 alkoxy in a member nitrogen atom; R39 is independently a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 haloalkyl, G4 is -OR40, -SR41, -NR42R43 or R44; each of R40 and R41 is independently C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C2-C6 haloalkenyl, C2-C6 haloalkynyl, C2-C6 alkoxyalkyl, C4-C8 cycloalkoxyalkyl, C3-C3 alkoxyalkyl alkyl -C6, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3-C6 halocycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkylaminoalkyl, C3-C6 dialkylaminoalkyl, C2-C6 alkyl, C4-C6 cycloalkylaminoalkyl, C4-C8 cycloalkylalkyl, C4-cycloalkyl, C4-cycloalkyl, C4-cycloalkyl-C4-alkyl-C4-alkyl-C4-alkyl-C4-alkyl-C4-C4-alkyl-alkyl -C8, C2-C6 alkylthioalkyl, C2-C6 alkylsulfinylalkyl, C2-C6 alkyl sulfonylalkyl, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 haloalkylcarbonyl, C2-C6 alkoxycarbonyl, C6-C6 alkylaminocarbonylcarbonyl - C8; R42 is a hydrogen atom, cyano, amino, hydroxy, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, C2-C6 haloalkenyl, C2-C6 haloalkenyl, C3-C6 cycloalkyl, C3 halocycloalkyl -C6, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 haloalkoxy, C2-C6 alkoxyalkyl, C1-C6 alkylamino, C2-C8 dialkylamino, C1-C6 haloalkylamino, C2-C8 halodyalkylamino, C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C6 alkylsulfonyl -C6, C2-C6 alkylcarbonyl or C2-C6 haloalkylcarbonyl; R43 is a hydrogen atom, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl or C3-C6 cycloalkyl; R42 and R43 are taken together with a nitrogen atom to which they are anchored to form a pyrrolidine ring, a piperidine ring or a morpholine ring; R44 is a hydrogen atom, cyano, C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 haloalkyl, C2-C4 alkoxyalkyl, C2-C4 alkylcarbonyl, C2-C4 alkoxycarbonyl, C2-C3 alkylaminocarbonyl, C1-C6 dialkylaminocarbonyl or haloalkylamino C2-C8; or a compound where A is A-1, T is CH, n is 0, G1 is oxygen, each of X1, X2, X3, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R9, and R10 is an atom of hydrogen, R7 is trifluoromethyl, R8 is methyl, and X4 is (2,2-dimethylhydrazone) methyl, or a salt of said compound.
Output: Reivindicación 1: Un compuesto o una de sus sales de acuerdo con la fórmula (1), caracterizado porque, A es un grupo seleccionado del grupo de fórmulas (2); T es ya sea CH o un átomo de nitrógeno; R¹ es un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, halógeno, ciano o hidroxi; cada uno de R², R³, R⁴ y R⁵ es, de modo independiente, un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, halógeno, ciano o hidroxilo o R² junto con R³ y R⁴ junto con R⁵ se toman, de modo independiente, junto con un átomo de carbono al que están unidos, para formar un grupo carbonilo (C=O); R⁶ es oxo, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, halógeno, ciano o hidroxi; n es 0 - 2; cada uno de X¹, X², X³ y X⁴ es, de modo independiente, un átomo de hidrógeno, halógeno, ciano, hidroxi, nitro, formilo, mercapto, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquinilo C₂₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, alquenil C₂₋₆-oxi, alquinil C₂₋₆-oxi, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalquenil C₂₋₆-oxi, haloalquinil C₂₋₆-oxi, carboxi, carbamoílo, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₈, cicloalcoxi C₃₋₆, halocicloalcoxi C₃₋₈, alquinil C₃₋₆-alcoxi, haloalquinil C₃₋₆-alcoxi, alcoxialquilo C₂₋₆, cicloalcoxialquilo C₄₋₁₀, haloalcoxialquilo C₂₋₆, halocicloalcoxialquilo C₄₋₁₀, alcoxialcoxialquilo C₃₋₈, alcoxialcoxi C₂₋₆, cicloalquil C₄₋₁₀-alcoxi, hidroxialquilo C₁₋₆, cicloalquil C₄₋₁₀-alquilo, alquilcicloalquilo C₄₋₁₀, cicloalquilcicloalquilo C₆₋₁₄, halocicloalquilalquilo C₄₋₁₀, halocicloalquilcicloalquilo C₆₋₁₄, haloalquilcicloalquilo C₄₋₁₀, alquilcicloalquilalquilo C₅₋₁₀, cicloalquenilo C₃₋₈, halocicloalquenilo C₃₋₈, -SR²⁵, -S(O)R²⁵, -S(O)₂R²⁵, -OS(O)₂R²⁵, -(alquil C₁₋₆)S(O)₂R²⁵, alquiltioalquilo C₂₋₆, alquilsulfinilalquilo C₂₋₆, alquilsulfonilalquilo C₂₋₆, alquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, cicloalquil C₄₋₈-carbonilo, alcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, cicloalcoxi C₄₋₈-carbonilo, cicloalquil C₅₋₁₀-alcoxicarbonilo, alquil C₂₋₆-carboniloxi, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carboniloxi, cicloalquil C₄₋₈-carboniloxi, alcoxicarbonil C₂₋₆-oxi, haloalcoxicarbonil C₂₋₆-oxi, cicloalcoxi C₄₋₈-carboniloxi, alquil C₃₋₆-carbonilalcoxi, -NR²⁶R²⁷, alquilaminoalquilo C₂₋₆, (dialquilamino)alquilo C₃₋₈, haloalquilaminoalquilo C₂₋₆, cicloalquilaminoalquilo C₄₋₁₀, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilamino, haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilamino, alquil C₂₋₆-aminocarbonilo, (dialquil C₃₋₁₀-amino)carbonilo, cicloalquil C₄₋₈-aminocarbonilo, dialquil C₂₋₈-hidroxiamino, (dialquil C₂₋₈-amino)hidroxi, trialquil C₃₋₁₀-hidrazinilo, trialquil C₃₋₁₀-sililo, trialquil C₄₋₁₀-sililalquilo, trialquil C₅₋₁₀-sililalquinilo, trialquil C₃₋₁₀-sililoxi, trialquil C₄₋₁₂-sililalquiloxi, trialquil C₅₋₁₂-sililalcoxialquilo, trialquil C₅₋₁₂-sililalquiniloxi, alquil C₂₋₆-sulfoniloxialquilo, haloalquil C₂₋₆-sulfoniloxialquilo, -C(=NOR²⁸)R²⁹, -C(=NR³⁰)R²⁹, cianoalquilo C₂₋₆, fenilo, fenoxi o bencilo o X¹ junto con X², X² junto con X³, y X³ junto con X⁴ forman una cadena de alquileno C₂₋₆ que pueden incluir un átomo de oxígeno, un átomo de azufre, un átomo de nitrógeno o se toman junto con un átomo de carbono al que están unidos para formar un anillo tiofeno, un anillo piridina, un anillo pirrol, un anillo imidazol, un anillo benceno, un anillo naftaleno, un anillo pirimidina, un anillo furano, un anillo pirazina, un anillo pirazol o un anillo oxazol; R²⁵ es alquilo C₁₋₈, cicloalquilo C₃₋₈, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₈, alquil C₁₋₆-amino, fenilo o bencilo y fenilo o bencilo se puede sustituir con al menos un R³¹; R³¹ es alquilo C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₈, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, cicloalcoxi C₃₋₈, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₈, alquil C₁₋₆-tio, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfinilo, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo, haloalquil C₁₋₆-tio, haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfinilo, haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo, halógeno, ciano o hidroxi; cada uno de R²⁶ y R²⁷ es, de modo independiente, un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₈, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₈, alcoxi C₁₋₆, dialquil C₂₋₈-amino, alquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, cicloalquil C₄₋₈-carbonilo, alcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo o (dialquil C₃₋₁₀-amino)carbonilo; R²⁸ es un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆ o bencilo; R²⁹ es un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₈, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₈, cicloalquil C₄₋₁₀-alquilo, fenilo o bencilo; R³⁰ es alquilo C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₈, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₈, fenilo o bencilo; cada uno de R⁷ y R⁸ es, de modo independiente, alquilo C₁₋₄, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆ o haloalquilo C₁₋₄; E es -CR³²R³³- o -NR³⁴-; cada uno de R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², R³² y R³³ es, de modo independiente, un átomo de hidrógeno, halógeno, ciano, hidroxi, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquinilo C₂₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, alquil C₁₋₆-tio, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfinilo, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo, haloalquil C₁₋₆-tio, haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfinilo o haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo; R³⁴ es un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquinilo C₂₋₆, alcoxialquilo C₂₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₆, alquiltioalquilo C₂₋₆, alquilsulfinilalquilo C₂₋₆, alquilsulfonilalquilo C₂₋₆, alquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, alcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, alcoxicarbonilalquilo C₃₋₆, alquil C₂₋₆-aminocarbonilo, (dialquil C₃₋₆-amino)carbonilo, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo o haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo; G¹, G² y G³ es un átomo de oxígeno o un átomo de azufre; cada uno de R¹³, R¹⁴, R¹⁵, R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R²⁰, R²¹, R²², R²³ y R²⁴ es, de modo independiente, un átomo de hidrógeno, halógeno, ciano, hidroxi, amino, nitro, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquinilo C₂₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₆, cicloalquil C₄₋₁₀-alquilo, alquilcicloalquilo C₄₋₁₀, alquilcicloalquilalquilo C₅₋₁₀, alcoxialquilo C₂₋₆, hidroxialquilo C₁₋₆, alquil C₁₋₆-tio, haloalquil C₁₋₆-tio, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfinilo, haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfinilo, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo, haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo, alquil C₁₋₆-amino, dialquil C₂₋₈-amino, cicloalquil C₃₋₆-amino, alquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, alcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, alquil C₂₋₆-carboniloxi, alquil C₂₋₆-carboniltio, alquil C₂₋₆-aminocarbonilo, (dialquil C₂₋₈-amino)carbonilo o trialquil C₃₋₆-sililo; R¹⁸ es un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, alquil C₁₋₃-tio, halógeno, ciano o hidroxi; R¹⁹ es un átomo de hidrógeno, halógeno, ciano, hidroxi, formilo, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquinilo C₂₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, alquenil C₂₋₆-oxi, alquinil C₂₋₆-oxi, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalquenil C₂₋₆-oxi, haloalquinil C₂₋₆-oxi, carboxi, carbamoílo, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₈, cicloalcoxi C₃₋₆, halocicloalcoxi C₃₋₈, alcoxialquilo C₂₋₆, cicloalquilalquilo C₄₋₆, alquilcicloalquilo C₄₋₆, halocicloalquilalquilo C₄₋₆, cicloalquenilo C₃₋₈, halocicloalquenilo C₃₋₈, alquil C₁₋₆-tio, haloalquil C₁₋₆-tio, cicloalquil C₃₋₆-tio, alquiltioalquilo C₂₋₆, alquilsulfinilalquilo C₂₋₆, alquilsulfonilalquilo C₂₋₆, alquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, cicloalquil C₄₋₈-carbonilo, alcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, cicloalcoxi C₄₋₆-carbonilo, cicloalquil C₅₋₁₀-alcoxicarbonilo, alquil C₂₋₆-carboniloxi, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carboniloxi, alquil C₁₋₆-amino, dialquil C₁₋₆-amino, haloalquil C₁₋₆-amino, halodialquil C₁₋₆-amino, cicloalquil C₃₋₆-amino, alquilaminoalquilo C₂₋₆, (dialquil C₃₋₆-amino)alquilo, haloalquilaminoalquilo C₂₋₆, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilamino, haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilamino, alquil C₂₋₆-carbonilamino, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carbonilamino, alquil C₂₋₆-aminocarbonilo o (dialquil C₃₋₁₀-amino)carbonilo; o R¹⁸ y R¹⁹ se toman junto con un átomo de carbono al que están unidos para formar un anillo de 3 - 7 miembros que contiene miembros seleccionados de átomo de carbono y a lo sumo 4 heteroátomos seleccionados, de modo independiente, de a lo sumo 2 átomos de oxigeno, a lo sumo 2 átomos de azufre, a lo sumo 2 átomos de nitrógeno y a lo sumo 2 átomos de silicio, en donde a lo sumo 3 miembros de átomos de carbono pueden estar sustituidos con oxo o tioxo, un miembro de átomos de azufre se selecciona, de modo independiente, de S(=O)ₚ(=NR³⁵)q, un miembro de átomos de silicio se selecciona, de modo independiente, de SiR³⁶R³⁷ y un anillo puede estar opcionalmente sustituido con a lo sumo 4 sustituyentes seleccionados, de modo independiente, de halógeno, ciano, alquilo C₁₋₂, haloalquilo C₁₋₂, alcoxi C₁₋₂ o haloalcoxi C₁₋₂ en un miembro de átomo de carbono y ciano, alquilo C₁₋₂ o alcoxi C₁₋₂ en un miembro del átomo de nitrógeno; R³⁵ se selecciona, de modo independiente, de un átomo de hidrógeno, ciano, alquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₈, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₈, alquil C₁₋₆-amino, dialquil C₂₋₆ amino, haloalquil C₁₋₆-amino o fenilo; cada uno de p y q es, de modo independiente, 0, 1 ó 2, en donde una suma de p y q es 0, 1 ó 2; cada uno de R³⁶ y R³⁷ es, de modo independiente, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₆, cicloalquil C₄₋₁₀-alquilo, alquilcicloalquilo C₄₋₇ o alquilcicloalquilalquilo C₅₋₇; Z es un átomo de oxígeno, un átomo de azufre, -N(R³⁸)-, -C(R³⁹)₂-, -OC(R³⁹)₂-, -SC(R³⁹)₂- o -N(R³⁸)C(R³⁹)₂-, en donde un enlace izquierdo es un enlace con un átomo de nitrógeno de A-3 del grupo de fórmulas (2) y un enlace derecho es un enlace con un átomo de carbono de A-3 del grupo de fórmulas (2); R³⁸ es un átomo de hidrógeno, ciano, alquilo C₁₋₄, haloalquilo C₁₋₄, alcoxialquilo C₂₋₄, alquiltioalquilo C₂₋₄, alquil C₂₋₄-carbonilo, haloalquil C₂₋₄-carbonilo, alcoxi C₂₋₄-carbonilo, alquil C₂₋₄-aminocarbonilo, (dialquil C₃₋₅-amino)carbonilo, alquil C₁₋₄-sulfonilo o haloalquil C₁₋₄-sulfonilo; R¹⁸ y R³⁸ se toman junto con un átomo de carbono y un átomo de nitrógeno a los que están unidos para formar un anillo de 5 - 7 miembros parcialmente insaturado que contiene miembros además de los átomos de unión seleccionados de átomo de carbono y a lo sumo 5 heteroátomos seleccionados, de modo independiente, de a lo sumo 1 átomo de oxígeno, a lo sumo 1 átomo de azufre, a lo sumo 3 átomos de nitrógeno y un anillo puede estar opcionalmente sustituido con a lo sumo 3 sustituyentes seleccionados, de modo independiente, de halógeno, ciano, nitro, alquilo C₁₋₂, haloalquilo C₁₋₂, alcoxi C₁₋₂ o haloalcoxi C₁₋₂ en un miembro de átomo de carbono y ciano, alquilo C₁₋₂ o alcoxi C₁₋₂ en un miembro del átomo de nitrógeno; R³⁹ es, de modo independiente, un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆ o haloalquilo C₁₋₆; G⁴ es -OR⁴⁰, -SR⁴¹, -NR⁴²R⁴³ o R⁴⁴; cada uno de R⁴⁰ y R⁴¹ es, de modo independiente, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquinilo C₂₋₆, alcoxialquilo C₂₋₆, cicloalcoxialquilo C₄₋₈, alcoxialcoxialquilo C₃₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₆, alquilaminoalquilo C₂₋₆, (dialquil C₃₋₆-amino)alquilo, haloalquilaminoalquilo C₂₋₆, cicloalquilaminoalquilo C₄₋₈, cicloalquilalquilo C₄₋₈, alquilcicloalquilo C₄₋₈, halocicloalquilalquilo C₄₋₈, alquilcicloalquilalquilo C₅₋₈, alquiltioalquilo C₂₋₆, alquilsulfinilalquilo C₂₋₆, alquilsulfonilalquilo C₂₋₆, alquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, haloalquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo, cicloalquil C₄₋₈-carbonilo, alcoxi C₂₋₆-carbonilo, alquil C₂₋₆-aminocarbonilo, (dialquil C₃₋₆-amino)carbonilo o cicloalquil C₄₋₈-aminocarbonilo; R⁴² es un átomo de hidrógeno, ciano, amino, hidroxi, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆, haloalquenilo C₂₋₆, haloalquinilo C₂₋₆, cicloalquilo C₃₋₆, halocicloalquilo C₃₋₆, alcoxi C₁₋₆, haloalcoxi C₁₋₆, alcoxialquilo C₂₋₆, alquil C₁₋₆-amino, dialquil C₂₋₈-amino, haloalquil C₁₋₆-amino, halodialquil C₂₋₈-amino, cicloalquilalquilo C₄₋₈, alquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo, haloalquil C₁₋₆-sulfonilo, alquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo o haloalquil C₂₋₆-carbonilo; R⁴³ es un átomo de hidrógeno, alquilo C₁₋₆, alquenilo C₂₋₆, alquinilo C₂₋₆, haloalquilo C₁₋₆ o cicloalquilo C₃₋₆; R⁴² y R⁴³ se toman junto con un átomo de nitrógeno al que están unidos para poder formar un anillo pirrolidina, un anillo piperidina o un anillo morfolina; R⁴⁴ es un átomo de hidrógeno, ciano, alquilo C₁₋₄, haloalquilo C₁₋₄, alcoxialquilo C₂₋₄, alquil C₂₋₄-carbonilo, alcoxi C₂₋₄-carbonilo, alquil C₂₋₄, aminocarbonilo, (dialquil C₃₋₆-amino)carbonilo, haloalquil C₁₋₆-amino o halodialquil C₂₋₈-amino}.