Definition: Translate the given Spanish text to English

Positive Example 1 -
Input: A method for converting a series of m-bit information words to a modulated signal is described.
Output: Se describe un método para convertir una serie de palabras de informacion de bits m a una señal modulada.

Positive Example 2 -
Input: A last plastic cover is applied as a final protection.
Output: La presente invencion comprende un nuevo mezclador termocinetico.

Negative Example 1 -
Input: Luminescent optical sensor.
Output: SENSOR OPTICO LUMINISCENTE.

Negative Example 2 -
Input: The urinal is similar to a common toilet.
Output: El común es similar a un inodoro orinal.

Now complete the following example -
Input: When X is 2-valent, q is 0 and when X is 4-valent, q is 1.
Output: Cuando X es divalente, q es 0 y cuando X es tetravalente, q es 1.