Definition: You are given a background paragraph that describes one or more causal or physical relationships, such as a relationship in economics, scientific law, or nature. You need to come up with a fictional story that makes use of the concepts or the relationship described in the provided paragraph. Make sure that your story does not repeat the relation in the given paragraph (e.g., by avoiding verbatim copies of the given paragraph). Start by reading the background paragraph, and determine what relationship(s) are in the paragraph. Write a story that involves the relationship(s) that you determined are in the background paragraph. Try to use your own words as much as possible and not repeat the background paragraph. Feel free to make up places and events as long as they tie back to the background paragraph in a way that you can ask a question about.

Positive Example 1 -
Input: Background Paragraph: A rise in price of a good or service almost always decreases the quantity demanded of that good or service. Conversely, a fall in price will increase the quantity demanded. When the price of a gallon of gasoline increases, for example, people look for ways to reduce their consumption by combining several errands, commuting by carpool or mass transit, or taking weekend or vacation trips closer to home. Economists call this inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded the law of demand. The law of demand assumes that all other variables that affect demand (which we explain in the next module) are held constant.
Output: The AAA auto club does a weekly report on the prices of gas and diesel in various cities. Historically, the prices have be fairly stagnant, but this week their report garnered widespread attention as the prices of gas and diesel plunged from last week in Seattle by $0.40 each. However, just across the border in Vancouver, the cost of gas went up dramatically by $0.50.

Positive Example 2 -
Input: Background Paragraph: The lesson is not that society is likely to make an extreme choice like devoting no resources to education at point A or no resources to health at point F. Instead, the lesson is that the gains from committing additional marginal resources to education depend on how much is already being spent. If on the one hand, very few resources are currently committed to education, then an increase in resources used can bring relatively large gains. On the other hand, if a large number of resources are already committed to education, then committing additional resources will bring relatively smaller gains.
Output: The state is deciding where to spend the rest of their budget for education. In an analysis of how districts in the state are spending their annual budgets, auditors found that in district A, most of the money was already being spent on schools. However, in district B, the money was not spent on school, but mostly on transportation.

Negative Example 1 -
Input: Background Paragraph: A rise in price of a good or service almost always decreases the quantity demanded of that good or service. Conversely, a fall in price will increase the quantity demanded. When the price of a gallon of gasoline increases, for example, people look for ways to reduce their consumption by combining several errands, commuting by carpool or mass transit, or taking weekend or vacation trips closer to home. Economists call this inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded the law of demand. The law of demand assumes that all other variables that affect demand (which we explain in the next module) are held constant.
Output: A rise in price of a good or service almost always decreases the quantity demanded of that good or service.

Now complete the following example -
Input: Background Paragraph: Communication is any way that animals share information. Many animals live in social groups. For these animals, being able to communicate is essential. Communicating increases the ability of group members to cooperate and avoid conflict. Communication may help animals work together to find food and defend themselves from predators. It also helps them find mates and care for their offspring. In addition, communication helps adult animals teach the next generation learned behaviors. Therefore, communication generally improves the chances of animals surviving and reproducing.
Output: 



Stories:
Manny and Dean were two classmates. They had to prepare for a school project so they decided to learn about animals. Manny studied animal communication, while Dean studied animal feeding patterns and nutrition.

There are 2 groups of prairie dogs that have been released into the wild. Group A was domesticated and therefor never learned to communicate danger to each other. Group B was rescued from a bad storm but lived in the wild for years before they were captured then released. One day the two groups encountered a lion that was trying to eat them. One of the members of group B made a peculiar high pitched sound, alerting the rest of it's members that there was something dangerous nearby and they all went inside their burrow and hid. The member of group A saw the lion and simply ran as fast as it could without altering any of the other members. Unfortunately one of group A's members was caught and eaten.

There are two species of animals, the Lips and the Bops, living in the Scallop forest in Montana. These two species have both been living inside the Scallop forest for the entirety of their existence. The Bops have always managed to easily fend off attackers, but the Lips are easily preyed upon and struggle to defend their own from predators.

There are two species of animals, the Moops and the Flavins, living in the Jarmal forest in Montana. These two species have both been living inside the Jarmal for the entirety of their existence. The Moops have recently begun to develop an effective method of communication that they use to pass important information to one another. The Flavins, however, are more primitive and currently have no method of communication.

There is an experiment being done on a group of animals. The animals in Group A are allowed to communicate with each other, while the animals in Group B have been sequestered and have no communication within their group.