Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-09-11 00:00:00

SMITHSON lAN HOTEL, B stez .oWIT. Corner of HOUSTON-STREET, NEW YO3E. Na.ned In honour of the SEITESONIAN INSTITUTION, Drbablisheci at Was IN STO S, by the U. S. CONORE93, With Funds bequeathed by Limns SMITHION. of ENcLenb, -Waving the Friendsti!p of the OFFICERS of the NATIONAL INSTITUTION, Is eon lucted on the F. DAOPEAN PLAN. CHAS. H. SMITH. tio ;natant tr.:".l:s.—rbil 03n. twems o clock, at et e brokers' office, 16. Exchange-buildings, 100 uses Ea4t Indts Tallow.—J. H. Rayner and Co. At twelve o'cloc't, at the brokers' office, 2, Dale-street, 100 barre'.3 &S M.—Browne, Hunter a❑d Co. At twelve o'clock, at the broker's office, 18, Hackin's-hey, 2,600 bags Mldras R.CS.—A. and S. H. S'eigti. At twelve o'clock, a quantity of Cocoa Nut Oil and Jute.—Cox Aro hers. At twalve o'clock, a* the brckers' office, 4, Lancaster-buildings, 15 bons MyraSo:a ns.—John Davies and o. At twelve o'clock, at the brokers' oftize, 30, Exchange-alloy West, 14) b3gs ltapexe , 3d.—Y.yce and Lace. twelve o'clock, at the brokers' office, Apsley-buildings, 200 tans Fustic.—Bower and Slack. At twalve o'clock, et the broker'; offi,e, 17, Sweating-street, 5 pipes Oil and 20 tons Briatstone.—_ilex. S. Macrae. At twelve o'c'ock, at the hr3kers' office, Oldhall-strect, 234 93 bales Hemp.—Glaxlstone and SerjeAn:soa. Cam' For particu:a.r.l sea advertisamlnti. AMUSE.IIENTS, PU3Lte IttEENN(JS, &c. THIS PAY. ?Emma a ItoTat.—Dramatil Performzu p.m. Z 37.5. L Asi P HUM] EATICE— Dramatic Permrmance-7 p.m. iltvazx's HALL —MIB3 Julia Pastrami, —2 and S p.m. arrow HALL, Clayt.n-Kahre—Gordon Cumming-8 p.m. LOYAL COLO3SEU 31—Geaeral Entertainment-6.30 p.m. GAILDENT3—Grand nd Varied Entertainments. 'Z' For particulars see advertisements. Ti . 1 4: 4 cge FRIDAY SEPTEMBER 11, 1857. THE DAY'S NEWS. As we write we are without nny telegraphic despatch, in anticipation of the Overland Mail. 'We may, however, receive some intelligence before we go to press At anv rate, we cannot now be many hours without further news from India. The private letters which continue to pour in upon us, engross public attention and public solicitude, and we are assured that the dismal catalogue of horrors is not by any means exhausted. The detallsreceived at the East India House, we are told exceed in atrocity any which have as yet been published. Much is wanting to fill up the picture in all the ;ilk less of its cal Turing and the breadth of its deformity. How long tae veil will be permitted to rest upon it no one can say, but this we may be assured of, that every fresh disclosure, every new revelation, whilst it tends to unfold the foulness of the conspiracy from which we have suffered so Bauch, and to furnish sublime examples of the heroism and fortitude of our countrymen and countrywomen, will also have the effect of demon strating the deliberation and the foresight which have characterised the Sepoy revolt,—of enabling us to realize the the true nature and the actual danger of this emergeney.--and, it is to be hoped. of enlightening the nation as to the policy which bag become imperatively requisite to confirm British power and consolidate British influence iu India. The weekly meeting of the Dock and Health Committees were held yesterday. In the former the subject of raising the salary of Lieut. Lord was mooted, but it was agreed to leave the matter to the Marine Committee. From all accounts the bridges of the new landing-stage are too short, and it is impossible to use them with safety for more than two hours after high water. A short discussion ensued as to who were the real masters of the stage. Mr. Hartley is still of opinion that placing chains round the stage would be more dangerous than at present, but the majority of the Dock Committee seem to think otherwise, and there will doubtless, sooner or later, be chains placed an round. The health of the town continues below the 4111.110latc, LUC; Tr v.as. r 4 I UI VAG, Cu more than the corrected average of iihe same week in former years. A comparison of the mortality from diarrhea in the months of July and August last year, and the presmt year, shows an increase this prcz.3nt year of 69 deaths from that disease, the number being 412 in 1857, against 379 in 1856. The number of deaths from this disease last week was 73, the same as the week preceding. Mr. _Hodgson naaintamod that his re.narks of last week were perfectly correct. Perhaps so—but either the statements of that gentleman are very inaccurate, or the returns of the medical officer of health are zaperfect. Another most disgraceful case of touting was brought under the noti3e of the Stipendiary Magistrate yesterday. Mr. Cobb, through Mr. Bluck, complained that although he had been retained by two prisoners to defend them, had at tended on them in the bridewell and taken their instrultions, a Mr. Parker, had obtained access to the prisoners and importuned them to fee him as their advocate. This came to the e.ir of Mr. Cobb, and he accordingly had it enquired into. Mr. Parker maintained that ho had been engaged by the prisoners, this they denied, then ha said he was sent to them by a brother of one of them; this the brother also denied, and the rtealt was that Mr. Mansfiold believed that Mr Parker was guilty of the action imputed to him. The worthy magistrate was quite indignant, and said he was determin:d to put down the abominable practice of touting, and ordered the bridewell keepers not to allow Mr. Parker into the bridewell unless he was sent for by a prisoner. The thin end of the wedge is in, and we hope that Mr. Mansfield will strike hard, and if possible eradicate all these pests from the Police Court, It is really quite time that they w.lre banished—they are a disgrace to the profession. In our paper of to-day will be found a report of an important meeting held at Toronto against the Hudson's Bay monopoly. The meeting was most enthusiastic, and the pretensions of the doomed Company to further monopoly and to hold sway over such a vast amount if ter ritory was scouted. Territorial reasons unite with commercial motives iu exciting the people CAtialLi on this question. In nothing is Canada less advantageously compared with tne United States than in the want of any established principle .f territorial expansion. This, in deed, is a want under %%hiuh our whole colonial system, but Canada especially, suffers. In the United States, oa the contrary, there is constantly at work, a sel'.-acting principle of extension. States ovcifluw with territories, and the latter become at once constituted and self goierned fragments of the Great Union. In this manner, says the Daily News, settlement has Already pushed up the Missouri river, and taken possession of the territory of Miunes)ta. By this advance the Uoited States are brought into con junction and active intercourse with the Red River settlemee. It is from St. Paul's, in Minnesota, that the Red River setters obtain those supplies which the parsimony of tha Hudson's Bay Com _ pany does not furnish. It is in St. Paul's that they find , a market f or th a t produce which the Buds s Bay Company occasionally refuse to provide freights for at New York. It is through that United States territory that these British subjects are compelled to send to Europe that oorrespondenoe which it is proved the agents of the Hudson's Bay Company have refused to trans mit, unless letters be placed in their hands open. The United States are, therefore, pressing on to the Red River settlement itself. It is in vain that the Hudson's Bay Company suggest that the Missouri is the natural route of communication. The Canadians reply that the Red River settle ment is compelled to look to the Missouri and Minnesota, because the selfish policy of the Com pany has blocked up communication with Canada. And in this way the H udsor4 s Bay Com. THE NORTHERN TIMES. -LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 11. 1857. pany has wounded the pride of Canada. That province sees od the other side of the Red River settlement the United States steadily advancing up the Missouri to the Rocky Mountains, and finds itself denied all ex pension, and refused the use of the Red River in the same direction by the Hudson's Bay Company. How such a struggle as this baween a great colony and a small compeny will terminate can hardly be doubted. At the meeting in London, for the relief of the sufferers in India, it was announced that the sub scriptions already reach £17,000. The Vote by Ballot Society have held a written controversy with Lord Alfred Churchill, relative to his views on that question. His Lordship had expressed an opinion that his recent visit to Aus tralia had modified his Conservative creed, and the Ballot Society naturally wrote to express a hope that he had become a convert to the Ballot because of its successful operation in that colony. To this Lerd A. Churchill replied by an announce ment which virtually means that the circumstances of Australia and England are different, and that what is good for the one may not be good for the other. The Ballot Society sent him a second communication combating this opinion, and par ticularly taking it up from that point of view which he had himself endeavoured to expound. Lord A. Churchill does not appear to have answered this last note. - Of foreign intelligence there is not much of an important nature this morning. In France every thing is quiet. A Paris correspondent says that agents have arrived at Lille for the purpose of recruiting for the British army. They are not to enrol any French subjects but such strangers as may be in the city, and wh are disposed to enlist. If our information be correct, recruits will be taken up from - the foreign population throughout France. No authority has been given for the enlistment of Frenchmen. Our Berlin correspondence' is of interest. It gives an account of the efforts of the Prussian Government to acquire some naval power. Prussia fortifies the port of Fande on the Noleh Sea, and at the same time it is about to erect works on the Isle of Rugen, which would make this island an important naval station in the Baltic. No further news has arrived from Holstein, but we hearof some expectations being entertained that the States will perceive the imprudence of their behaviour. For, in absolutely refusing to acknow ledge the conciliatory intentions of the Danish ministry, they render it difficult for their prc teeters iu Germany to take up a cause which they threaten to compromise, by accusations against the Government of the King. The King will leave the capital about the 20th of this month, and make a tonr through Jutland and Schleswig. The Crown Prince of Sweden will, most pro bably, be entrusted with the office of Regent of the Scandinavian kingdom. This, at least, is hoped by the Court at Stockholm. We hear from good authority that with regard to the Italian question a difference has arisen be tween France and Austria, as the Court of Vienna refuses to join France in her efforts to promote the introduction of reforms in the Papal States. The admirers of Napoleon express a hope that the King of Prussia will cerae to Darmstadt to meet the Emperor. But till now this wish seemed to he doomed to disappointment. The Paris Patrie says that the dismissal of Redschid Pasha has been confirmed, and that his successor is likely to be Fuad Pasha. Tile Moldavian elections were to take place on the 9th instant. THE present position and future prospects of cur Indian empire are, without doubt, of such a character as to demand from the Government the most serious consideration, energetic exertions to meet the dangers with promptitude and deter mination, and proper foresight to secure the future stability of British rule in the revolting provinces. It is due to Lord PALMERSTON and his col leagues to say that latterly they have evinced much anxiety respecting the Indian mutinies, catau auvpucti. 111C113U1 ULU Wll,ll crisis, by sending forward large forces to Cal cutta, who will proceed on to the seat of the rebellion without delay. We observe, too, th at a large number of Artillery and Engineers are preparing to embark. These are much needed at the seat of war, for, according to our last despatches, that branch of the military service had been nearly annihilat in India, in conse quence of the mutiny, fil!owed by the disarming of the greater portion of the Bengal army. Notwithstanding the great number of British soldiers now in, or on their way to India, it is quite evident that we must take means for despatching still greater numbers of all kinds of soldiers before we can successfully cope with the Bengal rebels, and restore the reign of law and order in all the disturbed pro vinces. According to the best informed autho rities both at home and in India, we require to have an army of 80,000 to 100,000 British soldiers, to keep the country until its military defence is re-established. To show the urgent necessity for such an extensive force as this, we have only to consider the extreme length of the line of communication which must be maintained from Calcutta to Delhi, the density of the native population in many parts and the dangers which threatens it by the numerous and revengeful sections of mutineers which hover about in all directions, anxious for the slightest chance of inflicting a b!ow, great or small, upon the unconquered power of England. Again, the means of transit from the seaboard to the interior of India is still stunted and defective, so that small steamers and trains of bullock carts must be improvised for the unfortunate emergency which has arisen. True it is, that the defence of Delhi is wasting the military power and strength of the mutineers, but the long sea voyage, unhealthy climate, and harrassing marches-of the European soldiers are drawbacks of greater magnitude on our side. We must, at least, have thirty thousand men before Delhi , and to keep up that effective force of fighting msr, constant reinforcements must be upon their way to the capital of Bengal. The whole line must be well guarded, so that guns and stores essential to the siege shall pass in safety and with dispatch. Ca re also must be taken to maintain possession of Cawnpere, Agra,, Allahabad, and their surrounding districts_ Calcutta should not be left unprotected. It may be, too, that the kingdom of Oude and the Pun jaub Provinces will give us renewed Trouble, an•d compel in those quarter's the ma;Latenanee of armies as numerous and as experaivel as 'those required to assert British A up , enarkcy in Bengal In addition to all this, we must not depend upon again, keeping possession of India by means of a native army. The confidence heretofore reposed in Sepoys, Sikhs, and Ghoorkas must be for the future of the most limited cha racter. We must be in a position to do without their services as soldiers upon a moment's notice, and rely solely upon the military resources of this country, for the sup pression of the mutiny, and the pacification of the provinces which they have overspread with savage brutalities and nefarious plunder. Under such circumstances, it is not possible to estimate the requisite strength of the European army in India, for years to come, at less than one hun dred thousand men. To meet this enormous demand for soldiers Government is straining every nerve to raise the required complement of men. The recruiting sergeant is to be seen in every city, town, and hamlet of the United Kingdom, the standard of height has been reduced, the bounty raised, and commissions offered to every gentleman who shall procure a hundred recruits. Added to all this, there is a partial embodiment of the militia. This will meet the necessities of the case for a time ; but the Government must not rest satisfied that it will be all the means required to allay the fears entertained by many, that India may pass out of our hands, or that peace, law, and order shall again reign undisturbed in the disaffected provinces. At last we have imposed upon us the imperative necessity of a new and better organisation of the military resources of Great Britain. The Crimean war taught us valuable lessons upon this important subject, and circumstances have occurred which compel us to act upon the wholesome character of these lessons. If England desires to maintain the military prestige she enjoys, and remain mistress of India, Australasia, the Cape of Good llope, British North America, and other portions of the globe, she must become a military country, and her people accustomed and trained to the use of arms. The last few years' experience must convince every one that we cannot go on as we have been doing, and that every man in his turn shall act the part of the soldier- For India alone, we have imposed upon us the duty of manu facturing soldiers, to maintain in that empire an army of 80,000 men. To attempt this, so as to keep up the strength of the reserve, and effect the constant changes so essential to health and climate in India, by the old military process of this country, is simple absurdity. And here we are met by the enquiry —How and by what means shall we attain the wants and require ments of the service ? \Ve see nothing else for it but the adoption of a military system co-exten sive with the entire youth of the country. Our metropolitan namesake, the Times, has been con vinced that the time has come for the adoption of a universal, militia system, so that the military aptitudes of our pDpuhtion shall be put under • ,-,1• CULLA, c, thereby giving us, on the shortest notice, a standing army of properly educated and drilled soldiers, amounting, at least, to half-a-million, in round numbers. With this force, and a navy corresponding, we could defy the world, and dare the most gigantic combination of Sovereigns to dispute our supremacy in any or in every quarter of the globes WE were among the earliest, if not the very earliest, of the English Press, to recommend that the Atlantic telegraph cable, which met with an accident on the 11th cf August last, should be employed to link England with India. The Press has been unanimous in urging forward this scheme, and forcing it on the attention of the Government. A difference of opinion prevails whether the route of the Euphrates Valley and the Persian Gulf, or the Red Sea, should be preferred. There is no difference as to the supreme importance to us, at this juncture, of a rapid communication with India. How many tearful eyes and anxious hearts are at this moment scanning over the heart-rending narra tives of Indian mutinies ? One list after another of the killed, wounded, escaped, or massacred, carries weeping lamentation and woe into many a British home. To relieve the unutterable anxiety of thousands, and to put Ministers in prompt and rapid communication with British authorities in India, a telegraphic chain would be invaluable. There is one great difficulty connected with the route of the Euphrates Valley, and therefore forming a strong objection to it—the difficulty of protecting the rails and wires from injury by the lawless wandering tribes of the vicinity. If this course is taken, either Turkey or England must find means to give the need ful security. Can Turkey do it ? She says no. Shall England ? She must first obtain the permission of the Sultan or the Shah. It certainly would be embarrassing and tanta lising to rise some fine morning and find the wires cut by some wanton, wandering vagabonds, who, either in spite or in ignorance, had done this stupid and wicked thing. We understand that th e Indian mutineers have cut the electric wires. and used the iron for ammunition. It shov;s the straits to which the villains are ree.lueed, But in laying down a railway or a ):ine of telegraph, we, of course, require reasona- ble security that it shall be protected fre, m injury. Now, the difficulty of doing this fcr the lines of railway or of telegraph by the - route of the Euphrates Valley and the Persian Gulf is so great, that it may appear to countrabalance all the anticipated advantages. Supposing a line of railway completed as far - as the head of the Persian Gulf, the navigation of this is safer than that of the Rid Sea. Safer for passengers, it would also be safer lot receiving the telegraphic cable. We do not, ofcourse, deny the possibility of safely laying an electric chain over the rugged channel of the Red Sea. After the famous pre diction that the Atlantic never could possibly be bridged by steam, we must he chary of pro phesying what science can or cannot do. We are not fond of quoting kings as authorities in matters civil, political, or military. They belong to the class of frages consu►nere nati. That is their cue ; and though they and their satellites have diminished the world's store of wealth, they have never added much to its wit or wisdom. But a late King of England (William IV.) was a bit of a sailor, and he decidedly, on public grounds, gave his preference to the direction of the Persian Gulf. Next, this line could be easily connected with the entire system of Indian railways and telegraphs, that must acquire prodigious expansion hereafter. The more easterly line has evidently, in this particular, an advantage over the more westerly. the greatest superiority is in the shorter distance traversed by the Valley of the Euphrates. From London to the entrance of the Red Sea may be reckoned 4,370 miles; from London to the entrance of the Persian Gulf 4,270—a difference of only a hundred miles in favour of the more easterly route. From the entrance of the Red Sea to Bombay, say 1,700 miles ; from the entrance of the Persian Gulf to Bombay, say 'OO miles. The telegraphic cable Would have to traverse seventeen hundred miles in the one case, and only seven hundred miles in the other. Adding now the hundred miles named above, we find that the route of the Euphrates Valley and Persian Gulf is eleven hundred miles shorter than the other. Thus, whether we consider the rapid transit of soldiers, passengers, and commodities,, or restrict ourselves to communication by electric wires, the advantages seem to preponderate in favour of the Euphrates Valley and the Persian Gulf. But, whichever route is selected, proceedings should be taken promptly, immediately, and without delay. Our Eastern empire trembles n the balance. Military men are saying that India has to be reconquered. We do not doubt that re-conquest. But this must be done by energetic action, worthy of England, anti com mensurate with the occasion. If Parliament and PALMERSTON have not good and sufficient reasons to show why the overland route was not chosen in sending reinforcements to India ; why ships conveying soldiers and ammunition have to go round by the Cape instead of across through Turkey. If anything like Crimean mismanage ment is to be repeated, or has been repeated, in reference to India, and to our countrymen, their wives and families, now being massacred there; and if, through the supineness and incapacity of our rurert., lIMIK 5110 Ula ultimately be lost to us —then we will venture to utter a slight prophecy. It is this :—The storm of indignation and reproach that overthrew a Ministry, and stirred England to her centre when she heard how her brave fellows were perishing before Sebastopol, was only a gentle 'breeze to the simoon and tornado of public wrath and reprobation which would sweep away the incapables. TITLIN T) LAND IN Bomn.a.v.—Raturns relative to the commission issued by the Government of Bombay to inquire into the tides and to rein ne hulls held in " inane," or rent free, in hereditary (neap ation by native lendowriers in the southera M'shratta country, have just bean printed by order of the Route of Commons. These papers show that the total number of inam claims adjudicated upon by the commission up to the 33th of April, 13513, wee 6,913, of which 6,787 belong to the southern division, and the rem.;ining 126 to the northern division of the Pre sidency. The estimwed accession to the revenue from these resumptions is -4,31,773 rs 6an 2p ; of which, 1,58,467 rs Oaa 9p have been, and 2,73 306 rs san 5p will, after the lapse of one, two, or three lives, be recovetcd- Besiles a variety of correspondence, the returns include a statement of the proceedings in the three first and three last trials where lads have been resumed, yielding a rental respectively of £lOO a year, together with a copy of the Act No. 11 (1852) of the Governor General in Council for the ajulication of these Ctles. Th3s. Act provides for the appointment of an roam commis - donor wit's. assistants is any zillah or other division of the territories subject, to the Presidency of Bombsy, sad empowers them to procure the attendance of witnesses, and to take evidence. Annexed to the Act are schedules, defining the duties of the commis sioners and their assist ants, and also prescribing the rules to govern their decisiions. MALTA. —our letters from, ?Malta to the 4th of Septem ber announce the departure on the 30th of August, for Constantinople, of the Osprey steam gunboat, which relieves the Reser, whose are val at Malta, where she is r•Etfitsg. has bean already msctioned. Thera ware in port the Hibernia receiving ship of the line, be ring the flag of Rear-Admiral Sir Montigu Stopford, and the Wanderer steam ganboat, awaiting inteniance from India to send it to Loudon by electric tel.graph. Th.o European and Australian steers -packet .2E:na arrived at Malta from Alexandria on the 30:1i of Auzuet, bringing, among other passengers, Cunmantier Parker, R.N., and left on the following morning for L'.verpool ; the Cimhrian piddle steamer, belonging to the same conynny, having left f r the same destination oa the precAkg evening. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam-packet Valetta , with the London ratils of the 26th of August, arrived at Malta on the 31st from May.eil!es, haring, among other passenn, , rs for Malta, Major Stewart and Capfain Jones, Mb. Re;iment fs4 A.'ex tnirie, Gsnr.,Nr.4 Wiadhaea, Major-Gen. Sir Hugh !Zee, Colonel Little, Maier and Mrs. Foster and son, Major - Heston, Major and MrF. Larkins ; Captains Coles, Ciurtenay, Elwyn, Hare, Hill, Johnson, Lock, Macgregor, Maclle.hon, Palley, Richard, Sterile, Stevenson, Thoter.s, W md, and Rabin. The Valetta, I left Malta fur Alexandria on the morning of the 31st, pre ceded by the Colowbo, belonging to the same company, carrying the heavy mail and passengers for India from Southampton. The Lebanon screw steamer took her depart ure from Malta on the tad for Corfu and Cephalonia to embark the remainder of the 68. h Regialeat for England. It was stated at M ilia that orders had been issued from the Horse G lards for the despatch to England for India Of several regiments stationed is the Mediterranean garrisons. The 46:h R liment from Corfu, the Ist Regiment (Royalo TELEGRAPIIIC NEWS -4 from Gibraltar, and the 21st, 28th, and 71st from Malta are amen the regiments expected to be remoras], LORD DALHOUSIE AND THE REY)LT.--A correspondent. who writes to suggest that the Dike of Cambridge should be appointed Military Viceroy of India, remarks :—" The Marquis of Dalhousie, just before Tiitting India in 1856, after a remarkable administration of our Asiatic empire of eight years' duration, recapitulates, with seaming compla. cency, the flourishing condi:ion in which he leaves his government. Four kingdoms and divers minor possessions annexed to our Eastern dominions, four mitlionn sterling added to the revenues of India, useful innovations in the internal administration, prison discipline reformed, a splendid scheme for the elucation of all classes of both sexes carried into effect, government colleges and a uni versity in each of the Presidencies establishe,l, railways and electric telegraphs in full activity; in short, all the elements of material improvement were at work, and the whole country was tranquil. ' Yet,' adds the noble marquis, 'no prudent man who has any knowledge of Eastern affairs would venture to predict the maintenance of continua peace within our Eastern dominions.' His lordship, perhaps, alluded only to external warfare ; but ws should not overlook the appropriate application of the word " within." ENOL/5/1 CAPITAL AND ANZIIICA.N Iterenomes.---The last intelligence from. New York suggests some curious considerations regarding the conditions on which Euglish capital is invested in America; The amount of American securities held here can merely be c3ejeetured. Five years back,it was thought to be nearly sixty millions sterling ; and it may now be eighty or a hundred millions. Until the approach of the Itassian war, they almost all paid large and regular dividends ; but the ability of the various railway and other companies, to raise fresh money as it was wanted, on second, third, and fourth mortgages, in London, having then received a check, there has since been a constant downward tendency, until perhaps two-thirds of the weaker sort have gone into comparative insolvency. For a time, when distributions could no loeger be made from capital, the device was hit upon of paying what are called scrip dividends, and as these cost nothing they were always on adiberal scale. The accounts usually showed to the share holders that there was a profit of about IQ per cent., but, uufortunately, the cash balanoe had invariably been absorbed through some temporary and accidental circum stances. The gain was therefore handed over to them in paper, redeemable a year or two hence. The plan, however, although it was thought at first to b 3 all right, failed upon repetition to satisfy the hunger of the parties interested; and probably many of our Birming ham theorists have received, from experience in this respect, the first blow to their ideas regarding the natur e and functions of money. At last, in a number of instances, exposure became unavoidable, examples of deception, fraud, and repudiation abounded on all sides, and prices even of the leading undertakings went to a point which showed that in tha minds of the public, years of economy and good management would be requisite to restore any of them to a solid position. Taus far the result had, perhaps , been little other than might have been expected. It was the old story of the State loans over again., Any Honourable member of Congress or Assembly coming over to England had only to make a demand large enough, and ha could get all he wanted. He would go to a leading ironmaster, give a heavy order for rail., pay about 30 or 40 per cent. above their value, and trust to this gentlemen for the disposal, through brokers and others tempted by a noble per cen. tags, of suck amount of stocks and bonds as might be deemed appropriate for the moment. The next and each succeeding year the process might, of course, be repeated, since the prosperity of the part already constructed rendered extensions of ad kinds indispensable. But it was to have beau supposed that experience dearly purchased would at. length have generated some prudence, Apparently, how ever, our people are incurable. The last railway concern that has broken down is the Michigan Southern, and it is said that only a few months have elapsed since the Presi— dent paid a visit to tha English shareholders, and induced thertr considerably to extend their commitments. Still, instances or tins nine are as notneng compared with the wholesale apathy exhibited. Incredible as it may seem, our 80 millions or more of American securities are left to take their chance, without the holders. knowing or learning anything about them except from the managing parties. The railway companies issue reports only once a year, usually of the most vague description, and no accounts of what passes- at their nvoings• transpire. Everything is taken for granted, and each individual Eng lish holder assumes that some other holder, by whom, perhaps, ha was first led into the investment, keeps careful watch. And while this total absence of org tnisation pre vails in England, there is actually a powerful combination on the other side for the avowed purpose of bringing all the principal undertakings to ruin. Unlike those of ;any other country, the leading. speculators of New York are devoted to the task of depreciating the national credit. Whether this arises from the extent to which American liabilitien are held by foreigners need not be discussed. large body of active persons aro known to be associated for the purpose; they infinence the press to work out their views, and are allog.id, not merely to operate with a joint capital, but to hold regular meetings, and permanently to retain legal advisers, whose chi :f vocation it may be assumed is to discover points that may enable the validity of each kind of security to be called in question, and thus to create universal distrust. They are a'so said to succeed in the vast number of inetances in getting their own creatures intuthe control of companies, ostensibly supporting or opposing them, as may best suit their tactics in each particular case. Each new revelation of fraud is hailed as a triumph and such directors and shareholders as may show a diepesition to take adeaetaze of technica— lities to defeat all equitable claims, icstead of being hooted from the Exchange,. find a circle of admirers. Of course, this state of things would end, or ba greatly mitigated, if the stock and bondholders were to exercise vigilance. In moot instances the proceedings are so notorious, and the laxity of the management so complete and lorg-eontinued that English investors, if they had any rational agents on the spot, could nu: fail to be warned. Bat there is no London Committee of American StoeTholdtre, and appareLty, no possibility of [By British and Irish Magnetic Telegraph.] THE BELFAST RIOTS, DUBLIN. THURSDAI To-clay the Lord Lieutenant appointed Mr. David Lynch, Q.C., and Mr. Smyth, Q.O , as commission ors to inquire into the BAfast riots. THE IMPEiIAL MOVEMENTS. PARIS, THUNSDAY EVERIN G• The King of Bavaria it is said be at Stull' gait during the visit of the two Emperors, and afr cording to some reports the King of Prussia, but in other quarters it is rumoured. that the Emperor Napoleon and the King of Prussia will meet At Darmstadt. These Imperial and Royal move ments are at present the only topics of interest on the continent. THE AFRICAN MAILS. PLYMOUTH, THURSDAY MORNING. forming one. Yet s onething should be done if possible to remedy the evil. Some persons will say the best remedy would be found by an avoidance of American investments altogether ; but thie, although it seems likely enough to be brought about unless the respectable portion of the American mercantile oommunly can Contrive to influence public opinion, is not a result that any one anxious for the advancement of the best interests of both countries wou'd wish to see take place. Na RAI for the employment of capital is superior to that of the Ucited States ; and the sympathies of business beget a naive's il disposition hero to Feek it and trust to ir. Under such circumstances it is deplorable that, owie to a want of concerted action among the honest portion of the two com munities, a depraved minority should command all the channels of enterprise, and render confilence impossible. The Gambia arrived here this morning from the West Coast of Africa, with the mails and a general cargo, 9.906 ounces of gold, and 13 passengers• She left Bonny on the sth, Lagos on the 7th, Accra on the Ilth, Cape Coast on the 12th, Sierra Leone on the 19th, Bathurst on the 25th, Goree on the 25th of August, Teneriffe on the Ist of September, and Madeira on the 3rd. Trade was rather dull at Lagos. Bathurst was quiet and trade brisk. At Sic nee Leone the rainy season was: breaking• Mr. Collett, Qaeenvs advocate, died at Sierre Leona on the 27th July. The 'Tinto arrived at Sierra Leone on the 14th August. The slave trade was very brisk in the Bights 47 Benin. The Tenzer had captured a slaver carf vying Spanish n)lours, with 230 slaves, off Quittah and another saver had been destroyed at Accra'. The Ship Agnes, of Liverpool..was totally W 1 e2loti on Bimbay Plats on the 1811 July. At the Gold Coast things were progressing moat' satisfactorily under the new governor. Tne Myrmidon , and Merlin were at Fernando Po; at Old Calabar,. the Trident : at Ma..icirs., the Devastation, Terror, Sparrowhawk, and Roebueck•- REMARKABLE CIRCUNMANCS.—The Berwick Warder says:—`• On Friday evenilg last, at 6.3 D p.m., the royal salute fired by the guns in E linbargh Castle, to announce her Majest)'s arrival at St. Margaret's ststioo, was distinctly heard at Douse ; the distance, as the crow flies, being about 36 miles. The sound would require 21 minutes to travel this distil - Ice. EXTi,NSIVE ISSUB or FORGED BANK OF ENGLAND NOTES. —ln f.:rmation has been received at the chief po'ice station, Scotland-yard, of an extensive issue of spurious notes, purporting to be of the Bank of England, by a gang of forgers who hav's?sureeeded in putting off great numbers in the Easters district of the metropolis and county of Essex. They are capital imitations of the genuine note, and are dated, both .£lO and £5 notes, June 18. h, 1857, No. H.P. 49,037. The forgers sign the name of " Seymour" to the notes, and represent themselves as, servants.to respect able persons who require change. INTELLIGENCL At Fernando Po, July 29( her Majesty's ship Myrrnirloll' bound south, and the Merlia. At Oh! Calabar, the dent. At Lagos, Aug. 7, the steamer Firefly. At Sierra , Leone, Aug. 18, the Hecla, Medusa, and the Pluter• which was about to proceed to the river Pongas. Madeira, Sept. 3, the Sparrow Hawk, Devastation', Roebuck, Plyades, Assuramce and Terror Battery.- A: French screw frigate was steaming out from Tonerifftr as the Gambia was entering; the African Mail sereram' steamer Hop was off Now Calabar Aug. 5; the Candace' was at Monrovia Aug. 15; and the Ethiope at sea Sept. At Accra, July 20, the barque Chevy Chase and brig Edward Collett, both bound south. At Cameroons, July, 2d, the barque Moselle, of Bristol. The ship Agaes, ei Liverpool, with oil. from Cameroons, which went ashore on the 18th on Bunbay Fiats, has become a total ver"jcic.. The ship Dorothea was off Boon) , Aug. 5. At Lagos the barque Batanga, of Bristol, French- ship Fille Solt. Lewine,. and steamers Sydney Hall and St. George. Al Liberia, Aug. 15, the Ariel of Liverpool, Antelope, , a; Boston,. Kingfisher, Mary Attwell, and Victoria and Albert. At Madeira, Sept. 3, the Sardinian (s.), bound' for Marseilles. THE HOBTICULTURiL. FETE AT THR,CRYSTO PALACE. The autumnal fete at the Crystal Palace commenced el Wednesday, and was continued yesterday, arid vr 11 ` terminate to-day (Friday). The season is certain'y rather advanced for an exhibition of this kind ; heti judging from the excellence and extent. of the display' e t yesterday, one would almost feel inclined to believe 'tilt our gardeners had discovered how to bid deSance to seasons altogether. The fi-iwers, 'with the excepe t egi r,,,,h,p e . of rhe- tticAias and scarlet geraniums. were nothing to boast of, were of a very superior que l s4 hut the dahlias indisputably bore off the palm, never saw a finer collection. So excellent were they , I. ' fact, that the judges had to award " extra prizes,"' and 1111 one class, viz., that of twelre, fancy dahlias, the (10%e n exhibited by Mr% Keynes, of Salisbury,.and the like cure' herr exhibited by Mr. Turner, of Slough, were so nearly on a par that they felt themselves unable to award the precedence to ether; and had in consequence, to give s i "first prize" to both. Two roses, asters (Gorman a n u French) balsams, and cockscombs, were all particularly fine , So also were the orchids. The plants of fine foliage,' the ferns, the exotic plants, and shrubs, including sever al new specimens from India and other- foreign parts, wer e likewise well worthy of inspection. As for the fruit, the only possible fault we could find with it was that it wa s most carefully and provokingly placed beyond our reach' Apples, pears, peaches, nectarines, plums, grapes, pin e apples, cherries, and we know cot how many other fru.tte besides, all of the most luscious character, and all ettg played in the most tempting mariner, were really a sore f . temptation. Hew delightful it would be if, instead e„ merely gazing at the fruit, one could have " jast a taste_ as well. ferhaps the most interesting feature of the sho w was the exhibition of flowers, fruit,: and vegetables bi cottagers—a suggestion, we believe, of Sir Joseph PO: tan's. This portion of the exhibition; is in the old concerto ream, and is well worthy of a visit, 17 of only from. the ell: (*Hence of the articles displayed, but, also trom.the belle ficial effect which such an incentive 7.s calculated to prO• duce on cottage gardeners generally. CANADIAN PATRIOTISM.—In 11113 Q2CbBC- Chronic l e, of Aeigust 21, we read—" We learn that the Ottawa Militia Field Battery have offered their services to the imperial government, and volunteered to serve in India." THN JEWISH SYNAGOGUE.--Ampagit the company at the dinner in celebration of the opening of the new Syneeerie' were the following gentlemen :—The Rev. Professor Iseaesr and Messrs. J. Sell versenski, Charles S. Samuel, A. Levi , Newlands, Nichol, D. Daqiem, Rishton, J. Seville, L Foie'" guinea, R. Crossley, Thomas Jones, Ralph Samuel, S; Branch, J. Reay, B. Marks, E. Moss, N, Defries, &e. Monet, or A New SeetAte-snee:,—Yesterday, Mr.. o' Clare, jau., exhibited a fine model of a monster sweat' ship, to be of 30,000 tons, and capable of going. 25 miles an hew, propelled by screw and paddles. This great contemplated leviathan is to be 1,000 fee, long, 70 'dreads and 30 feet deep, and her construction is to be on new atl i a scientifie principles, in accordance w ith natura l d ews . 1f the model we saw be capable of p rac ti ca l wor ki n g, of which there seems no doubt, a desideratum in sir construction of ships will have been accompushea• The construction of the vessel between the an i load lines is so arranged ? , that the resistance ° water against ordinary vessels, is made, as it were in thit to aujinent, rather than retard speed. I s e is stated 00: wilt a full cargo, in the best trim, the vessel would 0°: draw more than 20 feet of water. The model is forth the attention of' the scientific, and to ship-builders, mus prove attractive. SIIOCEING ACCIDENT AT KI , I , )TTY KILLED.—On Wednesday afternoon, between five and eis o'clock, a deplorable accident he ppened at Knotty M! : by which a young man named J unes B r i dles lost 111: life. It appears, that the unfortunate deceased, who 1- about 32 years. of age, and the eldest son of Mr. Bridges , ta , highly respectable farmer, residing at llnyton, who filled the respect:ve offices of overseer and churchwarden the perish, was r e t urn i ng h ome from Liverpool on 1.111, evening in ques t i on , i n c h arge of a cart, heavily laden 011 ,a mature, and drawn by two spirited horses. The deceas' was unfortaeattly int ox i cate d at t h e t i me and when betwil. a 0 l" the Old Swan and K notty A sh, near the Turk ' s Head pab.`4_ house, he sudde u ly se i ze d hold of the shaft horse to chec k , but long his balance, an d t h e h orses go i ng at a s h ar p P3ce ie he fell backw ar d s , an d after holding on by the cart slYta for a few moments, the horse caught his foot, and he f i e down, and rolled on his lett side, when the wheel of ti` j , Girt pissed o v e r hi s s id e an d b reast. Some persons s taa' ing near the spot rau to the poor fellow's assistance, but never spoke a woe, He breathed once, and gave a deer ones sigh, and was fo un d t o b e d ea d. Th e b o d y was at ones conveyed to the T ur k' s llead public-hoase, where it 1 / 1 ,0 found that a wa t c h w hi c h h e wore, was crushed, an d t o IPoken by the cart wheel p ass i ng over i t . The 14 01 and seal were also pressed inwards, towards the heart ; ' ta e he was otherwise much crushed about the breast. i . o o t, deceased was a married man, and we regre t t o s t a te tti , he leaves a widow and four children. Yesterday aftera . r o i an inquest noon the body Was h e ld at t h e Turk's Kee, Inn, before C. E. D r iffi e ld, E sq., the county coroner, 1"113,1s. after hearing the evid ence, a verd i ct of " Accidental de - was returned. The an Liv e s, c t aok piac i diOining 1 40r/14 1g there(' Al the d ay .w The eh, but it vc, c ° ll2 pany te ° lll istir rotuidi to the toy taisistini ftzalty, a; Wi!ch es ,, the band stationei Played s etyle. ehor Vete d blo ciuc 'for th i 4 ittrg, 'Wer e t ?co . ; W ork TY drri Wit 404 r, and ditto 0 0 , tenl , 2 MN , Thr I 1 th( ,