The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-10-06 00:00:00

Oct. A, is4d inourante go t trrs. THE MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE !SOCIETY, 37, OLD JEWRY, LONDON. THE LOCAL DIRECTORS mee t eve ry T H URSDAY, between the hours of One and Tviii, - a - t - the Offices, 9, Eldon Chambers, South John-street, Liverpool. JOHN BLAKE, Manager. CORPORATION OF THE LONDON ASSURANCE, ESTABLISHED A.D. 1720. No, 7, ROYAL EXCHANGE, CORNHILL, AND 10, REGENT-STREET, LONDON. TIRE INSURANCE effected upon every descrip tion of Property, including Rent. *** The usual Reductions allowed on and-inßuildings of Cer tified Warehouses, 4c., and for simleManagement, according to the lowest Rates current. Persons Assured against Fire by this Corporation, whose Po licies expire at MicllextmAs, are respectfully reminded, that, for their own securiff, they should.renew them within FIFTEEN DAYS from the said QUARTER-DAY. LIFE ASSURANCE S.—This branch of the Corporation's Business is carried on without any charge for management land offers peculiar advantages to the Assured. Life Prospectuses, Mercantile Rates, and every information 'ay be obtained on application to JAMES KENNEDY, No. 3, High-street, with Entrance, also, at 5, Exchange-street East; and TOWNLEY and WHITEHEAD, Liver-chambers, Tithebarn-street, Agents for Liverpool and adjacent parts. NORWICH UNION FIRE INSURANCE ill _ SOCIETY. ESTABLISHED 1821 CAPrTAL. £550,000. TRUSTEES. The Right Hon. Lord Hast- Thomas Amyot, Esq. ing. Henry Browne, Esq. The Lord Walpole. Henry Staniforth Patteson, Sir Henry Jardine, Knt. Esq. John Stracey, Esq. &C. Stc. &c. Edward Wenhan Martin, Esq. DIREC E. T. Booth, E Anthony Hudson, I George Morse, Esq., Allijor-General Sir%t e n Harvey, C.B. Isaac Jenny, Esq. ecorder of Norwich, i. Charles Evans, Esq., Chancel lor of the Diocese of Nor wich, :TORS. :sq., exident. : . Vice-President. Edward Stewart, Esq., Lewis Evans, Esq., M.D., Thos. Blakiston, - Esq., R.N., Timothy Steward, Esq., IGeorge Durrant, Esq., Robert John Harvey Harvey, Esq. SAMUEL ' BIGNOLD, Esq., Secretary. The Public are respectfully reminded, that all the Insurances renewable in the LIVERPOOL AGENCY on the 29th day of s Ei . TE M DER, 1846, must be paid at the Office, Exchange-street West, on or before the 14th day of OCTOBER next, or the Society will cease to be liable for the sums insured. The RETURNS OF PREMIUM for the four years ending the 29th September, 1845, are now in course of payment. This Society paid 470,569 16s. Id. Duty to Government for the year 1845. It INSURED, during the same year, £9,726,891 Farming Stock, which is free of Duty. In proof of the Public approbation of the principles and con duct of this Company, it may be sufficient to state, that its business now exceeds FIFTY-EIGHT MILLIONS. Prospecinie;May be had of Mr. R. L. MILLER, Agent. Treasurers—THE LIVERPOOL BOROUGH BANK. -ROYAL INSURANCE COMPANY, LIVERPOOL. 1, OLDHALL-STREET. CAPITAL, £ 2,000,000, in 100,000 SHARES of £2O Each. John Shaw Leigh, Esq. R. 8.8. H. Blundell, Esq. !TORS. Josh's Booker, Hugh J. Sanderson, Esq. Deputy- Esq. ' Chairman. and Charles Turner, Esq., Thairmen. 1 /1 James Lawrence, Esq. Thomas Lee,Esq. Francis Ma well; Esq. Robert - 11PAndrew, Esq. Edmund Molyneux, Esq. • f Bramley Moore, Esq. Henry Moore, Esq. James Pownall, Esq. Archibald Sinclair, Esq. Geo. J. Wainwright, Esq. William Blain, Esq. Thomas Bouch, Esq. John Campbell, Esq. David Cannon, Esq. Thomas Dover, Esq. Robert Dudgeon, Esq_ Richard Harbord, Esq. It. S. Henderson, Esq. R. Brodhurst Hill, Esq. T. B. Horst Esq. Henry Killick, Esq. AUDITORS.—Robert Pedder Garter, Esq. and James Hardy Macrae, Esq. PHTSICIAN.—Richard Formby, M.D. SURGEON.—Hugh Neill, Esq. SURVEYOR.—SamueI Holme, Esq. • SOLICITOR.—Septimus Booker, Esq. BIRKENHEAD BRANCH, Hamilton Buildings, Hamilton-street. SURGEON FOR BIRKENHEAD, James Theodorick Vale, Esq., Hamilton-square. THE Directors beg to announce that they continue to RECEIVE PROPOSALS for FIRE and LIFE INSU RANCES. The large Capital of the Company, and the number and in fluence of its Proprietors, enable it to take rank with the most el*ible offices in the kingdom, with respect to the advantages offered to the Public. FIRE INSURANCES Will. be effected at moderate rates of premium. The Company, having the advantage of a resident Directory, will be enabled to distinguish itself by its promptness in the Settlement of Claims. No Charge made for the Polley. LIFE BRANCH. Extract from Rates of Premiums for the Whole of Life. s. d. .t 4 s. d. Age. With Profits. Without Profits. 15 20 1 19 4 1 14 11 25 2 4 2 1 19 7 30 2 9 9 2 4 10 35 2 16 2 2 11 0 40 3 4 1. 2 18 6 45 3 14 6 3 8 5 50 The Company likewise assure Lives on any of the following contingencies, viz. : For the Term of ONE YEAR, SEVEN YEARS, or any other de finite period. For the WHOLE CONTINUANCE OF LIFE.—The Premium to cease after a LIMITED NUMBER OF ANNUAL PAYMENTS. On Two JOINT LIVES.—The sum Assured to be paid on the death of either. On the LONGEST OF Two OR THREE LIVES, the Sum AS- Mired to he payable at the death of the last Survivor, or On SURVIVORSH IPS to secure the payment of the Sum As et], if a Life A di e before another Life B. the important advantages offered by the Company . in the Life Branch will include the following, v i z:— OF OFTTIEI GUARANTEE OF AN AMPLE CAPITAL AND EXEMPTION AssureFaABSU in lieith ß er ED FROM LIABILITY OF PARTNERSHIP,—The being having to depend on an uncertain fund, nor M OD , R an A Lwa.Y accountable for the payment of Claims. charges t'n — ri c c 4 Emiums.—This Company, in determg its Pe ,ssurances under the various contingencies, de the (Ades ,. n Alma, li fe , has availed itself of the experience of cent d most prosperous London Offices, and of the re tent Math --gations on the subject, made by the ost compe ums co ematicians and Actuaries. Its TABLE S OF PREMI HIGH R nse quently avoid, on the one hand, an UNNECESSARILY Tint ATE OF PAYMENT BY THE ASSURED, and on the other, ,"ANGER RESULTING FROM INADEQUATE CHARGES. ..IROE PARTICIPATION OF PROFITS BY THE ASSURED, ~_itunting to TWO-THIRDS 'Ted at the o pti on o f th e party effecting the Assurance. an immediate payment of the sum so apportioned; * ---- B,y as equivalent reduction of the future premiums; or 3 , 8Z — By an equivalent increase of the sum assured. O f e.ALL CHARGE FOR MANAGEMENT.—The expenses of the gee being borne in due proportion by the two branches. Rum PT SETTLEMENT OF CLAIMS.—AII claims will be pay „t within three months a ft er satisfactory proof of the death ' t he Life Assured. The Directors reserving to themselves the ,Wer to discharge any claim immediately on its being estab ned. adarthENCE IN ANY PART OF EUROPE allowed without a tlonal charge, and the EXTRA PREMIUMS charged f or f or Yte to. and residence in, any other FOREIGN CLIMATE or nia Avs 1, and MILITARY, o r any other SPECIAL RISK is /7,, ° l, MODERATE BASIS. 4 11 e CiEs LAPSED BY NON-PAYMENT OF THE PREMIUM, ewed within three months, by paying the premium ta t i st . 4 fin e . of los. per tent., on the production of evidence to the L if action of the Directors of the good state of health of the • Assured J. • . nmpany will always be prepared to PURCHASE the Po • sof tuis o ffi ce at their EQUITABLE VALUE. atcRBUTRBCCS may be effected when needed with the UTMOST )r AND DESPATCH. 8,.2? ENTRANCE MONEY, nor any charge except for the Policy usual Commission allowed to Solicitors. li e p. Directors likewise beg to announce that they have made c ra n9ements to GRANT LOANS to persons assured by this 444Pflny, on Personal Security, or upon the Security of Assign e Property of adequate value and to allow the assured C redit of half the Premiums, for a limited number of years, as ' 4 a. s tr be agreed upon. PERCY M. DOVE, Manager. " k ,ePtember, 1846. N.B. The Directors are willing to receive applications from ersons of INFLUENCE, INTELLIGENCE, and ACTIVITY, to unalertake AGENCIES aroughout the Counties of Lancas ter, Cumberland, Chester, and elsewhere, it being their deter , tnination only to appoint Agents possessing those qualifications. FIRE POLICIES clue at MICHAELMAS should be paid on or before the 14th of October. TO HEADS OF FAMILIES, &c. . FREEMAN'S SWEET ESSENCE OF SENNA, (The moat agreeable Purgative,) `Containing in a highly-concentrated form all the active pKinci :Ve of Senna entirely deprived of its nauseating and griping ' r oPerties and rendered so peculiarly pleasant to the taste, th at children will take it with a positive relish. Th e i nt extraordinary merit of this medicinal novelty has ob oVed for it the distinguished patronage of Her Maj . esty—the tretn Dowager —the following Physiehms Her , M v es and ~!eValen Dowager, Sir C. M. Clark, ~ M.D. D . Fergu -"n3 4 44 Dr. Locock—Sir David D es, and Dr. Holland—by .Th.anY Winces, Nobles, and sof distinction —by most av o e f the emin.it Physicians and Nfdical Men in Lond on, _vroh tftieral y e ars, an ow are, in the daily habi o f pre -Berinerl-ni4 • git as the best and safest domestic 4 ,,,, -- ent for fem ales d children—the aged and delicate—the ' °oa— tbeidi ale rt s the habitually costive, and those suffer !rain i w clu o s, sickness, or headache, and as . being li'?tticularly adapted for ladies during pregnancy, and children dentition. nati n „P„etted by-a sense of duty, con fi dent of conferring a great tr o ,;-a. nenefit, the Proprietor proudly submits it to the 1) . 7 co n ,Age of a dis cern i ng pu bli c , assure d t h at a single trial w And e r g e e YeTY one of its inestimable value as a pleasant, safe, m ac sacious domestic aperient, the moderate price of which Ab l !! it within the reach of every family. Sold by all respect 115e venders of Medicine, in bottles at is. lid., 2s. Gd., 4s. 6d., .;! and 20s. each. hal±fiUTlON.—The great celebrity this medicine has attained, b„raS induced many druggists in Scotland and England to i il `, ll P for sale base and worthless imitations, to the serious r e JurY of the original preparation, purchasers are therefore Rename the to ask Mr Freeman's Sweet Essence of Senna, each littinea.ottle of which is signed John Freeman. To Maical Profession, Captains of skips, and Persons Travellitui abroad. TESTIMONIAL. 48, Stamford-street London, August 2, 1844. lillr, —I have much pleasure in bearing testimony to y our !lique and elegant preparation of Seam, which contains in a WBhly-concentrated form the active principle of that valuable • - ' o lnestic Aperient. I have taken it out with me twice to India, pi 41 1(1 having found it to preserve the active principle of Senna, te free from fermentation, I consider it admirably adapted „r Persons travelling abroad ; and am quite voyage no per un who knew its value would ever take a without a su pply of your Sweet Essence of Senna. I remain, Sir, yours respectfully, To Mr. J. Freeman 6 I g4PLETON, Surgeon. nitration. THE Rev. H. W. BECKWITH, of University College, Oxford, receives Pupils into TOXTETH LODGE, to EDUCATE for Professional or Mercantile pursuits, and to prepare for the Public Schools and Universities. The situation is in one of the healthiest and most agreeable suburbsof Liverpool, immediately joining the Prince's Park ; and the House and Grounds a every respect adapted to the purposes of a Boarding I. A limited number o AY PUPILS will also be admitted. Toxteih Lodge, Lodge-lane, near Liverpool. TARVIN HALL SCHOOL, For the Education of One Hundred resident Pupils, under the superintendence and tuition of the following resident Masters: PRINCIPAL—JOHN BRiNDLEY, of Magdalen College, Cam bridge; M.A. of the University of Giessen ; formerly Second Master of the Grammar School, Brigg, and Head Master of the Oldswinsford Hospital Endowed School, Worcestershire. AssisTANT—CHARLES JONES Trinity College, Dublin. FIRST CLASSICAL MASTER—E. S. CROOKE, 8.A., Pembroke College, Cambridge, in double honours. FIRST MATHEMATICAL MASTER—THOS. WADDINGHAM, 8.A., St. John's College, Cambridge L ltraiibk honours. FOREIGN MASTER—Monsieur JIOIN, B.A. of the University of Paris. ENGLISH MASTER--f f. ORGE SIMPSON, C. C. College, Cambridge, late Assistant Master of the Huddersfield College, and the Collegiate Institution, Liverpool. PROFESSOR OF MUSIC AND ASSISTANT FOREIGN MASTER. — F. H. S. PENDLETON, of the University of Ghent, and Pupil of the Royal Academy of Music, Ghent. WARDEN, AND OUT-DOOR SUPERINTENDENT.—JOSEPH DEMPSEY. PREPARATORY SCHOOL—Mr. and Mrs. WISBEY. Attendant Masters. DRAWING MASTER—MT. T. BAILEY, Chester. DANCING MASTER—Mr. EDGAR WEBSTER, Chester. VISITING SURGEON—Mr. GEORGE HARRISON, Chester. THE OBJECTS AIMED AT IN THIS ESTABLISHMENT ARE : I. — To insure a thoroughly Scriptural and Gentlemanly Educa tion, under Masters of first rate attainments-in their respec tive departments. 2.—To provide a sound Classical and Mathematical Education for Pupils preparing for the Universities, Military and Naval Colleges, and Learned Professions ; and a Comprehen sive course of Business Instruction, with daily practice in the modern Continental Languages, for such as are intended for Mercantile Appointments. 3.—To maintain in every Department the strictest Discipline, united with kindness and moderation, and the absence of corporal punishment, except in extreme cases, and then to be inflicted by the Principal only. 4.—To treat the Pupils as members of the family, providing them liberally with domestic comforts at the same table with the Principal and Masters. s.—To include tinder one charge every expense both in the Educational and Domestic departments, that there may be no extras whatever. TRUSTEES TERMS : Including instruction in Greek, latin, French, German, Ma thematics, Navigation, English, Singing, Drawing, Dancing, and Drill; also the charges for Stationery, Drawing Mate rials, Seat in Church, and ordinary medical attendance — Under 12 years of age Forty Guineas per annum. Above 12, and under 15 years of age Fifty Guineas per annum. Above 15 years of age Sixty Guineas per annum. Private Pupils One Hundred Guineas per annum. A QUARTER'S NOTICE WILL BE EXPECTED PREVIOUSLY TO THE REMOVAL OF A PI , PIL. Payments in advance either Quarterly or Half Yearly. The present Quarter terminates on the 29th instant. Taruin Hall, near Chester, September 24th, 1846. pew ipublirationo. This day is published, the FOURTH EDITION, price ]s., EVERY EYE SHALL SEE HIM ; or, Prince Albert's Visit to Liverpool used in Illustration of the Second Coming of Christ. A SERMON, preached in St..Tude's Church, on the 2nd of August, 1846, the Sunday next after the Prince's Visit, by the REV. HUGH M'YEILE, M.A. (Published by desire, fopihe benefit of the Liverpool Sours' Home.) London : J. HATCHARD and SON, 187, Piccadilly; A. NEW LINO, 31, Ranelagh.:street, Liverpool. Just published, price 2s. 6d., AN ESSAY ON THE WEAR AND TEAR OF HUMAN LIFE, and the REAL REMEDY FOR THIS COMPLAINT. By G. T. HAYDEN, M.A., of Trinity College, Dublin, ex •Fe ir — ol the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Lectur Anatomy, Physiology, and Surgery in the Original of of Medicine, Peter-street. Dublin : JAMES AV ASHAN, 21, D'Olier-street. Sold by JOSHUA WALMSLEY, WAREING WEBB, and W. GRAPEL, Liverpool. Second Edition, in post Bvo., bound in cloth, price 55., E LORD OUR SHEPHERD An Exposition of Psalm xxiii. By the Rev. JOHN STEVENSON, Perpetual Curate of Cury and Gunwalloe, Cornwall. Also, Sixth Edition, in post Bvo., cloth, price 7s. 6d., CHRIST ON Tott . ECROSS ; An Exposition ofj„ienty-second Psalm. Bs.tife same Author. London : J. H.--31CKSON, Islington-green ; ROBERTSON Dublin; ALLom, York; INNES, Edinburgh; and all othe Booksellers. BLACKWOOD'S MAGAZINE. No. CCCLXXII., for OCTOBER, 1846. Price 2s. 6d. CONTENTS I.—Wild Sports and Natural History . of the Highlands. 11. —Letters and Impressions from Paris. lll.—'Visit to the Vladika of Montenegro. IV.—Elinor Travis. Chapter the Last. V.—Hochelaga. Vl.—Letters on,Bnglish Hexameters. Letter 111. Vll.—The Dance : fronyKhiller. VIII.—A New Sentimental Journey. IX.—Poems. By Miss Barrett. X.— Conde's Daughter. WILLIAM BLAcxwoop and SONS, 45, George-street, Edin burgh, and 37, Pater s ter-row, London ; Sold by EvANs and CnEOWIN, W. Ga L, W. WEBB, and the other Booksellers, Liverpool. NEW EDITION OF STEWART'S GEOGRAPHY. In ismo, with 10 Maps, price 3s. 6d. bound, the ElunTii EDI TION, Enlarged and Improved, of ACOMPENDIUM of MODERN GEOGRAPHY; with Remarks on the Physical Peculiarities, Productions, Commerce, and Government of the various Countries ; Ques tions for Examination at the end of each Division ; and De scriptive Tables, in which are given the Pronunciation, and a concise Account of every place of importance throughout the World. By the Rev. ALEX. STEWART. • " More simple, more correct, and better_arranged than any other we have seen."—Quarterly Review: OLIVER and BOYD, Edinburgh; SIMPEIN, MARSHALL, and Co., London. Of whom maybe had, STEWART'S MAIR'S_INTRODUCTION ; with Vocabulary. Seventh Edition. 18m u 3s. bound. STEWART'S CORNELIUS.NEPOS ; with Notes and Index. Eighteenth Edition. 18mo, 3s. bound. SURENNE'S PRONOUNCING FRENCH DICTIONARY. In large thick 12mo, price 10s. 6d. bound, the FOURTH EDI TION of the QTANDARD PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY of L. 7 the FRENCH and ENGLISH LANGUAGES. In Two Parts. Part 1., FRENCH and ENGLISH. Part 11., ENGLISH and FRENCH. By G. SURENNE, F.A.S.E., French Teacher in Edinburgh, Correspondin g Member of the French Gramma tical Society of Paris, &c., &c. " It is accurate, critical, and comurehensive."—Athenceum. OLIVER and BOYD, Edinburgh; •SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, and Co., London. Of whom may be had, Nejegditions of SURENNE'S PRONOUNCING FRENCH PRIMER. 12mo, Is. 6d. half-bound. --- SURENNE'S NEW FRENCH MANUAL and TRAVEL LER'S COMPANION. 12mo, 4s. half-bound. SURENNE'S FRENCH READING INSTRUCTOR. 12mo, 4s. bound. REID'S ENGLISH SCHOOL DICTIONARY. In large 12mo, price 6s. 6d., strongly bound, the THIRD EDI TION Of ADICTIONARY of the ENGLISH LANGUAGE, containing the Pronunciation, Etymology, and Explana tion of all Words authorised by eminent Writers : to which are added, a Vocabulary of the Roots of English Words, and an Accented List of Greek, Latin, and Scripture Proper Names. By ALEX. REID, A.M., Rector of the Circus Place School, Edinburgh. " The most complete School Dictionafy we have yet seen."— Academic and Collegiate Circular: " This work is, beyond dispute, the best of its class that has yet appeared."—Christip Witness. OLIVER and BOYDEdinburgh ; SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, and Co., London. Of Whom may be had, New Editions of REID'S RUDIMENTS of ENGLISH GRAMMAR 6d. REID'S RUDIMENTS of ENGLISH COMPOSITION, 2s. REID'S RUDIMENTS of MODERN GEOGRAPHY, Is. REID'S ATLAS of MODERN GEOGRAPHY, 7s. REID'S OUTLINE of SACRED GEOGRAPHY, Ad. NEW SCHOOL-BOOKS PUBIITSHED BY OLIVER AND BOYD, EDINBURGH AN INITIATORY GRAMMAR of the ENGLISH LANGUAGE, with numerous Exercises. By JOHN MILLEN. 18mo. price Is. cloth, 126 pages. INGRAM'S EUCLID'S ELEMENTS of PLANE GEOME TRY. With the ELEMENTS of PLANE TRIGONOMETRY, and their Practical Application. Adapted to"the Use of Schools and Private Students, with numerous and appropriate Exer cises annexed to each Book, by JAMES TaorrEa, of the Scot- tish Naval and Military Academy, Author of A Key to Ingram's Mathematics, &c. 12mo, price 2s. 6d. bound, 232 pages. ELEMENTS of ALGEBRA, Theoretical and Practical. With numerous Exercises under each Head, and a large Collection of Miscellaneous Questions. By ALEX. INGRAM and JAMES TROTTER. 12m0, 48. bound. M. T. CICERONIS ORATIONES SELECTAE ; pro Lege Manilia, IV. in Catilinatn, pro A. L. Archie, pro T. A. Milone. Ex Orellii recensione. Edited lay GEORGE FERGUSON, A.M., one of the Masters of the Edin ugh Academy, Author of the Edinburgh Academy Latin diments, Latin Delectus, &c. 18mo, price Is. 6d. cloth. FERGUSON'S M. . CICERONIS CATO MAJOR sive de Senectute, LAELIU sive de Amicitia, SOMNIUM SCI PIONIS, et EPISTOLAE SELECFAE. Ex Orellii recensione. 18mo, price Is. 6d. cloth. FERGUSON'S M. T. CICERONIS DE OFFICHS. Ex Orellii recensione. 18mo, price is. 6d. cloth. A NEW. FRENCH GRAMMAR, with EXERCISES. By F. A. WOLSKI, Master of the Modern Language Department in the High Schoel of Glasgow. 12mo, price 3s. 6d. bound. "It seems an able and useful work—full and elaborate with out complexity, and teaching thoroughly what it undertakes." —Spectator. "The rules and explanations are full, clear, and accurate: the examples well chosen, and the exercises excellent." — Brighton herald. 'Sold also by Sim raiN, MARSHALL, and Co., London. INVESTMENT OF CAPITAL.—.-A useful little book by Mr. G. M. Bell, entitled a Gusde to the Investment of Capital, has just been published. Under the various heads of houses, lands, annuities, joint-stock bank s , rail ways, shipping, insurance companies, mines, bills of ex change, bonds, and mortgages, and foreign funds, is com prised a short description of all ,the means of investment which are offered to capitalists. Much clear and use f u l advice is given as to the choice of various modes t, of invest. ment, to suit the particular views o f the capitalist. on the particular circumstances of any 'given period. Mr. Bell is well kuown as a gentleman possessing much practical information on the subjects which be here passes under review. The hints which form part of the "general sum mary " that concludes the work, we extra c t, says the Editor of the Times, in a recent nioney article, as they give a good classification of the various kinds of invest ment, made to suit the various kinds of parties invest ing. NOTICE TO THE LESSEES UNDER THE COR PORATION OF LIVERPOOL. GROUND RENTS for the present year having become due on the 29th of September, the Lesseek are hereby requested to pay the sarge...-in ifirediately at this Office. And such Persons as are in rrEar for the like Ground Rents are hereby informed th gal Measures will be instituted without further notic nless the demands which have repeat edly been made sha e liquidated forthwith. JOHN WYBERGH, Treasurer of the said Corporation. Town-hall, Ist October. (PROVISIONALLY REGISTERED.) PROSPECTUS OF TIIE LIVERPOOL BUILDING LAND SOCIETY. Capital, ''15,000, in 300 Shares of £ 5O each. Entrance or Subscription Money, ss. per Share. THE objects of this Society are .two-fold, namely, the purchase of a quantity ockinil eligible for Building purposes, and the re-sale of the.same in Lots, to builders or others; the Societe making thepurchasers advances of cash as their buildings proceed, such advances, and interest thereon, to -be repaid to the Society with the Purchase-money of the Land. The Shares will be payable by Monthly Instalments of -el, until is realised upon each. The duration of the Society will only be limited by the will of the majority of the Share holders, but the Shares will be transferable at tile option of the holder. The operations of the Society will be conducted by a Ma naging Committee of gentlemen practically acquainted with this department of business, and with the value of Land, and will commence, in all probability, in the suburbs of Liverpool, where at present there is a large and increasing demand for Villas. _ . _ _ Interest will be paid upon the deposits, and the profits will be periodically divided amongst the Shareholders. The promoters confidently submit that the objects of this Society are sound and tangible, and its mode of operation simple and clear, and that, consequently, it will form a most advantageous medium for investment; for while the guarantee of a large and available capital will enable it to purchase on the most reasonable terms, the facility and promptitude with which it can advance to Builders will enable it to dispose of its Land in the shortest possible time. This opinion is further confirmed by the well-known fact that many private individuals have realised large fortunes in this way; and in any case where they have failed, the failure may be traced to the absence, in such individual, of that which this Society is formed to create, namely, a capital adequate to the extent of its operations. Applications for Shares or for information to be made to Mr. WILLIAM OWEN, Solicitor, Clayton-square ; Or tO RADCLIFFE and PICKEN, Estate Agents, 26, North John-street, corner of Harrington-street. Tilt LIVERPOOL STANDARD. INTERESTING HISTORY OF THE STAFFORD SHIRE POTTERIES. (From the Staffordshire Advertiser.) When Dr. Platt wrote his famous " Natural History of Staffordshire,"- in the sixteenth century, he noticed the part of the country now known as the Potteries principally for the manufacture of butter-pots—long course earthern vessels, something like brass-work crucibles,—in which farmers packed their butter for distant markets. We may fairly conclude from this circumstance, that the finer de scriptions of earthenware were not then made in the county. At a later period, the manufacture of black, red, and yellow wares, from native clays, began, and the more extensive trade thus commenced was further increased by the introduction of the white clays of Devonshire and Cornwall; until, about the middle of the last century, the genius and enterprise of several eminent potters had ele vated a rude manufacture into an elegant art, becoming also an important tributary to the sources of natural wealth. The district then consisted of a number of scat tered villages—we might almost say hamlets—extending nearly ten miles from north to south, but very thinly populated,'and destitute of public buildings, markets, and, if we except the old parish churches of Stoke-upon-Trent and Burslem, without even places of worship. Streets there were none, and scarcely a turnpike road—for the great highway ran through the neighbouring borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme, and there the inhabitants seemed disposed to keep it, for they actually petitioned parliament against the opening of a road from Cliff Bank to She'ton, because it would enable persons to go from Stoke to Bur slem without going through Newcastle ! Printed copies of this petition are still in existence. The fact was, that Newcastle being well supplied with inns, shops, markets, and all the conveniences of a respectable old town, was a sort of metropolis to the neighbourhood, and its inha bitants naturally viewed with some little jealousy improve ments which seemed likely to make it less the centre of attraction, or threatened to interfere with the stream of custom from the Potteries which was enriching its trades men. Up to this time, the conveyance of goods to and from the Potteries was on the back of pack-horses. Even the lumbering wagon, which then formed the principal means of transit between distant places, had not been intro duced, on account of the narrowness and steepness of the toads. The want of some better means of conveyance for articles so heavy and bulky as potters' materials and manufactured goods, was sensibly felt, and the attention of persons, locally interested, was directed to the advan tages of canal navigation, then being developed by the enterprise of the Duke of Bridgwater, aided by the ski .l of Brindley, the engineer. The Trent and Mersey canal was projected, and. in 1776, the " first sod " was cut by the celebrated Wedgwood. Sanguine as may have been the expectations of the promoters of the undertaking, they were speedily more than realised. Parliament did not then limit the amount of profit to shareholders in public works, and so great was the traffic on the canal, that the proprietors were for many years able to divide something like cent. per cent. on the capital. The advan tage to the public was equally great. Trade extended rapidly, and villages grew up into busy towns, which have gone on increasing till the aggregate amount of their population is near upon 100,000—nearly all engaged in manufacturing, mining, or trading pursuits. Thus, from a place of little note, the Potteries have risen, in less than a century, to great national impe,rtance. The two solitary places of worship have increased to about sixty churches and chapels, several of them calculated to ac commodate irorn 2,000 to 3,000 persons. Day and Sunday schools exist in abundance. There are six public mar kets, held twice a week, and so well frequented that the tolls of one of them (let forty years ago for about £3O per annum) arc now estimated at upwards of £1,500. Handsome town-halls have been erected for the conve nience of each township. The streets are lined with hand some shops; gas gives its cheerful light by night; there are news-rooms, mechanics' institutes, libraries, literary institutions, schools of design, savings' banks, and a well supported public hospitil. A stipendiary magistrate ad ministers justice daily, taking the different towns in rotation. And perhaps not the least of the advantages possessed, the district is constituted a Parliamentary bo rough by the Reform-bill, and sends two members to the legislature. How few of these things could have been imagined, when, eighty years ago, the " first sod" of the canal was turned in Etruria valley ! One would have thought, that with the experience of the advantages derivable from improved modes of convey ance, the dawn of the railway era, in the opening of the Manchester and Liverpool line, would have been eagerly hailed by the inhabitants of the Potteries ; and so it was, with admiration ! but nothing more. It never seemed to enter men's minds that a rail way might become available to this district. The Grand Junction Company, after other schemes had failed, made various offers of accommodation. First they proposed what is called the T line from Whitmore, which was rejected. Then there was the Crescent line from Crewe. through the Potteries to Stafford, which was also rejected, and it became evident that nothing less than a main line would give satisfaction. This brings us to the close of 1844, when, at public meetings, called through the instrumentality of Alderman Copeland (one of the Borough Members,) and Mr. Ridgway, various plans were mooted, for direct communication with Man chester, Liverpool, and the new Port of Birkenhead. Toe Grand Junction Company also again proposed its Branches ; but the idea of them was scouted, though there was a strong disposition in some influential quarters to leave the matter with the Grand Junction on certain con ditions, the stipulation, that they should make the line, to be pointed out by engineers, mutually employed, as being the best the nature of the country would admit of. Af'er much negotiation, it was found that the Grand Junction Company would not acquiesce in anything likely to im pair the value of their own main line; and public spirit being now aroused, and the notice of capitalists drawn to the subject, it was at length determined to form an inde pendent company, of which John Lewis Ricardo, Esq., the other borough member, became the chairman. No sooner did the prospectus appear than the project met with an almost unanimous support, and as much anxiety was manifested for allotments of shares, as there had been previous indifference to a participation in such un dertakings. Our readers are aware of the formidable opposition, and the number of rival schemes which im mediately appeared. For the way in which opposition was disarmed by skilful negotiation, rivals converted into allies by amalgamation, and bubble schemes exploded, until finally the sanction of parliament was gained for the " North Staffordshire Company," we must refer to what has appeared from time to time in the public papers. The local companies (pensioners) are called out for drill and exercise for (cur days, commencing on Tuesday, the 13th instant. MESSRS. LUCAS'S ESTABLISHMENT, GREAT CHAR LOTTE -STREET.—Amongst the improvements effected by private enterprize in our town, we have seen few of so unique adescription as an addition recently made by Messrs. Lucas and Co., to their well-known extensive Horse and Carriage Repository, Great Charlotte-street. Many of our readers have doubtless walked through the splendid carriage room, which during the race week is appropriated to the reception of the leading turf men, and has been used frequently as a dining room for the members of the Liverpool Agricultural Society. Under this room Messrs. Lucas have lately constructed capacious stabling, calcu lated to accommodate, in separate stalls and boxes, from 42 to 50 horses, and at a pinch at least 70. The entrance is down a platform from the yard. The stable itself is floored with asphaltum, excellently drained, and is the airiest and best ventilated apartment we ever entered. The stalls, of alvery elegant construction, run up each side of the stable, with very neat cast iron racks and mangers, and channels to carry off at once the liquid manure from each. Down the centre is a row of boxes, railed round and of very neat construction, affording to the horses oc cupying them plenty both of standing and breathing space. The supply of water in abundance is introduced into the stable ; and, in fact, the accommodation for the conve nience of grooming, &c., is complete. The construc tion of the stalls and boxes is upon a plan which allows of the whole stable being converted, at not more than an hour's notice, into a splendid and commodious carriage repository, the stalls being unshipped easily and falling on hinges like gates against the wall, while the interior division of the boxes are removed with equal facility. The improvement reflects credit both upon the enterprise of Messrs Lucas and the ability of the architect employed by them. Mr. LOVES' POLYPHONIC ENTERTA /NMENTS.—On Friday and Monday evenings next, this unique mimic and ventriloquist will give historical lectures upon the occult powers of the . human voice, at the Royal Assembly Rooms, St. George-street. In addition to his ventrilo quism, Mr. Love is full of power as an illustrator of human oddity •, and altogether his nights are well worth a few hours of the time of people not employed in very extraordinarily engrossing avocations. THE CHAMELRON.—Urame l eons spend their lives in trees, for clinging to the oranches of which, their organi sation is admirably adapted. On trees they lie in wait for insects which constitute their food ; in catching which they are probably aided by their extraordinary faculty of changing their colour, so as to be able to conceal them. selves. They possess extraordinary power of abstaining Ct a oh i le r o . ruer ne gx T i s h mt e i i na r tgt e p ir o n. w p e t Ih r aec e o ds f k io c nn h e a t, n wa g ob i nogv layerse c a o n l ou r depends from food. Hence arose the notion that th e y li ve d 00 0 rn n otohferpigment the animal can influence by means of a mechanism given for the purpose so as to produce various hues. Its lung is so large, that the animal has the power of filling every part of the body with air, so as to double its size. This is done by gentle irregular efforts. Chameleons are inoffensive, but irascible one with another. In a state of excitement they change colour rapidly, dark, yellow, or grer; when quiescent they pass into green, purple, or black. —The People's Dictionary of the Bible. FLINTS ONCE SPolsGEs. — The mere assertion, that flints were sponges, would no doubt startle the reader who was unacquainted with the history of those fossil relics of a former ocean ; but we apprehend that a little reflection will satisfy the most sceptical of the truth of this strange announcement. Imbedded in the substance of the chalk, which, during long periods, by its accumulation had con. tinued to overwhelm successive generations of marine ani mals, the sponges have remained for centuries exposed to the water that continually percolates such strata—water which contains silicious matter in solution. From a well known law of chemistry, it is easy to explain why particles of similar matter should become aggregated, and thug to understand how, in the lapse of ages, the silicious spicula that originally constituted the frame-work of a sponge have formed nuclei around which kindred atoms have con stantly accumulated, until the entire mass has been at last converted into solid flint. We are, moreover, by no means left to mere conjecture or hypothesis upon this interesting point ; nothing is more common in chalky dis tricts than to find flints which, on being broken, still con taicondition, and thus afford irrefrag ab!e p roof of the original ooi r l a d p it o io rt o io o a r s t o h f c the original sponge iman almost unaltered entire mass.—Jones's Natural TiMicry of oinitnals, CONDITION OF THE PEASANTRY. (From Yesterday's Times:) On Thursday, an inquiry was instituted at Byrne, Dor setshire, into the truth of the statements made in the Times, by the Hon. and Rev. G. Osborne, as to the condi tion of the labourers in that county. What Mr. Osborne had stated in his letter to the Times was substantially proved. The employers, how ever, appear to claim a sort of triumph, as if the result was not at all against them. This is important. The yeomen of Ryme are quite satisfied with the exposi. They consider themselves not a bit worse than their neighbburs —if anything, rather more liberal. Ryme, therefore, may be set down as a favourable, or at least fair, specimen of Dorsetshire ; and unless the proprietors and occupiers of the county come farward to protest against the inference, we may assume that their labourers live under the very same regime that is here disclosed. As the apiculture! oligarchy of Ryme is so satisfied with the evidence, we shall be acting fairly by all parties if we quote it. On the subject of wages there appears to be a great consent of testimony. Till this year, when a railroad raised the market 7s. all the year round, with a little more at harvest, was considered enough for a full-grown man at Ryme. WILLIAM BARTLETT had no more than 7s. and cider at harvest. His eldest son, two-and-twenty, was so fortunate for a time as to get Bs., the usual rate for single men being only Gs. Tnis was last spring, and he is now off to the railroad. Previous to that at the age of 16. he had 2s. 6d. a-week, and neither of the sons had 3s. a-week till they were 17. Another labourer, WILLIAM BUGLER, was born and bred in the place, and had worked for his employer a dozen years, in and out, doing any kind of work. For 24 days in the summer he had 9s. a-week, besides cider, but, he continues, " the rest of the year I hare 71. a-meek. That has been the usual amount of wages here ; we have not had more that I recollect." He proceeds to explain the difficulty of rising a shilling or two above this hungry average by " tut-work." His two sorts, 17 and 14. each has the nominal income of 2s. 6d., with considerable deductions for lost time when work cannot be found for them. HENRY SIMS says,— " The regular price of labour given in this parish for • years past has been seven shillings a week. I worked for Mr. Brake for that sum all through the summer and harvest of last year, but liquor was allowed me. This ' spring the wages were raised to Bs., and this harvest I made 9s. by tut-work. I bad seven children living when I worked for 7s. a week, and in the summer of last year I had only one day's tut.work at mowing. My eldest son is 15 ; he works for Mr. Genge, the farmer and carpenter, at 2s. Gd. a week. My next son is ten ;he works for Mr. Brake, at Is. 3d. a week." Agrippa Gill, nearly 23, says that before June in this year his wages were never more than ss. a week, except when he was at tut-wot k out of his regular employ. Two young men at 17, threshed oats by the measure, and got 3a. a week. The same evidence is given by all. It is remark able that 10s. is the very highest wages mentioned in the whole proceedings, whatever the work, whoever the master. It appears to be the acme of a Dorsetshire labourer's ambition. If for two or three months in the year, by being up early and late, and taxing his sinews to the utmost, he can get 10s. a week, he is a prosperous man, and the envy of the pari th. But, as our readers are probably aware by this time, these magnificent 75., and 65., and 2s. Gd. are not to be set down as net income. They are not given solely, or even chiefly, in money, but also in goods ; and what those goods shall be does not entirely depend on the labourer's fancy. A labourer with five children says, that "he sometimes takes as little as £2 in a whole year in money, taking the rest of his earnings in goods." The employers keep shop either with or without disguise, and the !a -1 bourers must deal with them. We say " must," but that is questioned ;so let us see. In the first place, the labourers are generally in debt, that is, if they are honest men. " I have not very often been out of debt at the shop," says one of the witnesses ; " I don't think any working men about here are, if " they can be trusted." Everybody will see what an ele ment of necessity there is in that poverty which keeps the labourer always in arrear. As for the degree of compul sion there is to take goods in lieu of money, that is rather a question of terms than of fact. Whether it be called compulsion, or constraint, or persuasion, or expectation,' the fact is the same, and appears to be very thoroughly apprehended and felt by the labourers of Ryme. For our own part, we should be exceedingly sorry to find ourselves under the same persuasion to do anything we do not like to do as these labourers are under to take their wages in " goods." But they shall describe this peculiar degree of persuasion. William Bugler says— " We are not obliged to take our wages in goods, but certainly we are expected to do it. " Mr. Brake.—Oh, no, no ; you don't understand ; are you compelled to take goods? " Mr. Osborne.—No, my last question was, are you ' expected to take part in goods? " Witness.—Yes ; Mr. Brake expects us to take some in goods. In times past lam sure I have given offence when I did not take some out in goods, and if I did not, there was nothing for me to do. I have been told by Air. Brake that if I did not take some of my wars in goods, there would be no employment for me. I would sooner have the ready money, if I could, and lay it out the cheapest way." Another witness mentions an agreement with a shop keeper farmer to do some draining, and take half the pay in meat. When pay-day came, there was not money enough to be found, so the deficiency was made up by in creasing the proportion of meat. Again— " Charles Bugler examined.—Mr. Bastion, the farmer, sent to me a year ago to do some thatching for him, but told me ' He should not pay me in money, for Brake did not poy his men in money. and he should not; it mode a d—d deal of direrence, paying all in money, to what it was when it was taken out fn goods; it made more than ls. week difference. I took the job ;it came to 7s. I had one cheese of him that was not weight by a quarter of a pound. I have three young children." Are EXECUTION IN FRANCE.—John Petry. a waiter at a coffee-house, at St. Ouen, was convicted a month ago of the murder of his mistress, under circumstances of pe culiar atrocity. He was executed last week, at the Bar riere St. Jacques. He retained the same revolting ind,f ference which he evinced ever since the committal of his crime ; and when ascending the steps of the scaffold, he stopped for a moment, and coolly called out in German to an acquaintance in the crowd, and asked him whether his (Petry's) uncle was present. Almost the entire com mune of St. Ouen was present at the execution. INCAUTION WITH FIRE-ARMS.—One of those acci dents of frequent occurrence from the incautious use of fire-arms, occurred last week to the Rev. Mr. Thompson, of Llanfechan, Montgomeryshire. The reverend gentle man was out shooting, and as he was drawing his gun through a hedge, with the muzzle towards him, it went off, and shattered his right arm, which it was found ne cessary to amputate above the elbow. A Cork paper re lates another melancholy occurrence of the same kind, which proved fatal to Mr. W. Ilallaran, eldest son of the rector of Magourney, in that county :—" The young gen tleman, leaning on the muzzle of his gun, the butt-end resting on the ground, and at that moment his dog was observed whisking his tail and pawing, the consequence of which was the discharge of the fowling-piece, the contents of which entered his left breast, perforating the lung of that side obliquely, and passing out under the collar bone, lodged beneath the under jaw, at the base of the brain. He was removed to his father's residence, where he shortly afterwards expired." THE SALT TRADE—ENGLAND, INDIA, AND FRANCE. —The exorbitant duty imposed upon salt by the French Government, which may be boulifide called the royal mono poliserof this important article, not only so requisite for the salubrity of every class of the population, but also to the great manufacturers of cotton and linen fabrics, the agricul turalists in the improvement of their lands, and the curers of meat and fish, who annually consume to a very great ex tent, so as to.allow them to compete with foreign nations in bringing their productions with advantage to market. Session after session the question has been brought for ward in the Chamber of Deputies, and petitions after pe titions, presented by the liberal members, praying for its total repeal, or at least a great reduction in the du y. which is so prejudicial to the progress of the industry of the country. Promises have been repeatedly made, but in vain, by the Ministers of Commerce and Finance, that the sub ject was under the serious consideration of the government ; but as yet no measure has been brought forward by them in the Chambers, to alter the oppression so much complained of, and so vital to the well-being of the nation. The lion may slumber for a time, but if tortured will arise with greater vigour. Seeing that petitions have had but little avail, M. Auguste Demesnay, the deputy for the de partment of the Doubs, has addreesed a very spirited letter to the different Paris journals in which he states— " That he has laid before the President of the Chamber of Deputies a proposition for the reduction of twenty centimes cr twopence per kilogramme (2 lbs.) on the present duty imposed upon salt. During the last session, the hon. deputy M. Gay-Lusac, in his re port presented to the Chamber of Peers, on the 10th of June last, stated that the dearness of salt was the chief cause of the extensive injury inflicted on the pro gress of agriculture ; that it was the means of Creating the most painful privations to the labouring and poorer classes of the population, and its reduction would not only be a general benefit to the nation at large, but would create a large developement in consumption.' These are facts that could not be denied ; and however disagreeable free trade and the reduction of duty might be to monopolists, France, like England, will sooner or later enjoy those be nefits that a wise government is in duty bound to bestow upon the industry and welfare of the nation it governs, and that particularly after above 30 years of general peace." The value of salt, " free on board ship," at Liverpool, is 15s. ; the tax on salt in India is £8 3s. 6d. per ton ; the retail price in the interior about 21d. per lb. ; the con sumption estimated, even by " the Indian Government," at 121bs. per head, or say half that of England ; the average number comprising one family, five persons; and the rate of wages, in many parts of the interior, only £1 16s. a-year, on which the wretched ryot has to feed and clothe himself, and also buy salt ! This is one of the most obnoxious dutie s i n fli c t e d b y t h e C om pany upon English produce ; and it is to be hoped that, ere long, after the important meeting that recently was held at Northwich, of our white salt manufacturers, the monopolisers of Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta, will take the subject into their consideration, and the :aorta of Lealenhall-street will, before many overland mails arrive, issue their wise—and, we must say, liberal and just—decree, if not repealing it, at least granting a great reduction on its importation—it being proved that the authorities cannot produce a sufficient quantity to meet the demand of so requisite an article in one of the hottest and most changeable climates in the globe. Our salt trade with Hong Kong and China is rapidly on the in crease ; and all that our salt manufacturers of Cheshire desire is, that they may leave the opportunity of developing , their industry by a moderate import duty into the differ- i eat ports of ladis.—Miniv Journal, FINANCIAL SUMMARY OF THE WEEK. (From the Britannia.) SATURDAY.—There has been considerable fluctuation in the price of Consols this week, and the market has exhibited that feverish disposition which very slight cir cumstances have en effect upon, one way or the other. Ceesols f or M oney h ave fluctuated between 95 1 an d 4 , and for the account in proportion. Although the state of Spanish affairs is not regarded very seriously, yet the uncertainty that hangs over them has a prejudicial effect in preventing that feelinz of secu rity which would give more firmness to the market. The knowledge that formal protests had been delivered to the Cabinets both of Spain and France, has had some influ ence on the mind of speculators, who surmise that the matter will not rest there, and that our government has gone too far to quietly withdraw its opposition without insisting on some stipulations or conditions that may em barrass the relations between the two countries. Spanish Stock it is believed, will rise with the completion of the marriage of the Infanta, for though the nation, by the alliance, may be politically degraded, the probability is, that it will be commercially and provincially improved by a closer connection with i:s powerful neighbour. But the entente cordiale between France and England will almost certainly be disturbed, and some time may elapse before the intercourse between them is placed on the same friendly feeling as during the late administration. The gloomy accounts from Ireland, end the rise of prices in Mark-lane, have had some depressing influence, though there teems no reason whatever to apprehend any real scarcity, as extensive importations continue to arrive, and the Government Stores in Ireland are known to be amply furnished. The Railway calls have been heavy this week, annuity to upwards of one million and a half, but we do not hear of any pressure for money in cdnsequence. The transac tions have`been very quietly managed, and prices have not given way. Consols, which closed last week at 954 to 1 per cent. for present transfer, and 951 to 1 for account, advanced on Monday 4 per cent., and the market generally wore a firmer aspect. Bet, on Tuesday, though prices at open ing were firm, a disposition was manifested to sell, and Consols fell back 4 to per cent. Towards the close they again recovered, the last quotations being 95t to 1•lOth for money. and 951 to 1 for account. Wednesday was a quiet day, though prices receded one-eighth ; and at that decline they continued throughout Thursday. Yesterday, they again fell back, Consols for money doing at 96k to 1, and for the account 954 to 1. We note ExchequPr Bills a little higher. They were done yesterday at 15s. to 18s. India bonds have been done at 258. In Foreign Securities the business has been extremely limited. Spanish Stock has advanced, and was yesterday done; Three per Cents at 374 to and the Fives at 261 for account. Portuguese Bonds are 42; Dutch Two-and-a-Halves, 591; Mexico, 25. In the Share Marko' we continue to notice that absence of speculation which has for some time past characterised dealings there. The London and Blackwell have been materially influenced by the connexion with • the London and Birmingham, both this week and last. They were yesterday inquired after and done at 9 prem. The market has been, though so dull, steady ; when prospects are clearer as to the apprehended scarcity, we make little doubt that we shall have to record a gradual rise in good descriptions of stock. _ _ _ Yesterday, the accounts from the Continent were of a somewhat alarming tendency. Scarcity was either felt or apprehended, and arrangements were entered into for ex portations of grain. We may speedily, however, expect extensive supplies from America, and from Odessa. By the Gazette of last night we see that the prices for the week were 535. ld., and, as the tendency at Mark-lane was still upwards yesterday, we may expect that the lowest point of duty, 45., will soon prevail. Bs. is the present figure. The importations from abroad for the last week. recorded in the Gazette, amounted to 41,409 quarters of wheat, and 13,000 quarters of oats. The supplies of Indian corn amounted only to 2,464 quarters. A report prevails that Lord John Russell will take the responsibility of suspending the present system of corn duties. We doubt the truth of this, because it is ex, tremely improbable that were they removed, supplies would come in any faster. The limit to them is the scanty stocks on hand, and the difficulty in procuring shipping, and that limit would still exist, though all duties were to be temporarily abolished. WATER SUPPLY. (From the Liverpool Health of Towns' Advocate for October.j Although we have already stated our views on this most important subject, we are very desirous at the presets time of keeping public att e ntion alive to some points, in regard to the projected increase of our water supply, which, if overlooked or neglected, will leave the vast mass of our fellow townsmen liable to evils similar in character to those which now press so heavily upon them. No plus of water supply must be submitted to by the public, which does not ensure certain indispensable c o nditions. FIRST.—We must base soft water. All bard waters are expensive, both for domestic consumption and mane-. ficturing purposes. This hardness arises from the pre sence of earthy and saline substances, which decompose and destroy a certain quantity of soap in washing, and occasion a larger consumption of that article than neces-, sary. It has been proved that the water which supplies Aberdeen contains only one grain per gallon of hardness; while that of Manchester has fourteen grains. The water at present supplied to Liverpool contains rather more; but we may assume the hardness at fourteen grains per gallon. Now Dr. Playfair has shewn that water with fourteen grains per gallon destroys and renders useless a quantity of the soap used for washing purposes, equal in value to I6s. Bd. a year to a family of five individuals. If we assume the present population of Liverpool at 330,000, and suppose there were a supply of water of the same quality now used, adequate to the wants of that population, there would be an extra expense of no less than £55,000 a year to the town, in addition to the wear and tear of clothes. Water, however, could not be ob tained quire pure, but if it could be had with a hardness . of two degrees a gallon, whi c h we b e , i,ce to be quite pos. : Bible, a saving would be effected to the town of nearly £50,000 a year; And this without taking into account the saving accruing in manufactories, steam boilers, breweries, &c. It is a low estimate, tberefore, to state the hard water tax of Liverpool at £50,000 a year, every farthing of which is actually thrown away, without any return whatever. Now this sum represents a capital of one million and a quarter sterling, at 4 per cent., which might be laid out in obtaining a supply of soft water, without adding one farthing to the present water rental of the town. We must therefore hare no additional supply of hard water. SECOND.—We must go beyond the new red sandstone formation for our supply. All the water of the new red sandstone is bard, and contans in r!delitiona quantity of sulphate of lime (plaster of Pa ris), in solution. Now it has been shewn, in a communication lately made by M. Dnpasquier to the French Academy of Sciences, that all, waters containing sulphate of lime in solution are injurious to health, and are to be a voided ; and w e h ave th us a very strong argument for obta inin g our supply f rom some ot h er formation, which does not yield that ingredient. THIRD.—We must have an ample supply. I n o r d er t o meet every necessity for domestic uses, flu s hi ng th e sewers, washing and watering streets, supplying the shipping, steam-engines, manufactcries, &s., there ought to be a command of water even greater than is proposed for Glasgow. We :want at least twenty millions of gallons per day, and as much more as we can get, in order to provide for the great prospective increase of the popula tion. The contemplated daily supply of thirty millions of gallons would therefore not be too much. Let it not be forgotten that the present supply of Rome is about. 250 gallons per diem to each inhabitant; and that the citizens of New York have spent twelve millions Of dollars on their magnificent works. FOURTH.—The intermittent plan of supply must no longer be tolerated. It is a clumsy and inefficient, as well as a very expensive method, and should be abolished everywhere. It would be discreditable to the engineering character of the country to submit to its continuance. We can never expect to realize all the benefits of water as a sanatory agent, till every street and house has a con stant supply, day and night, at high pressure, and all water cisterns are removed out of the way. ANNALS OF THE Pooa.—Mr. Wakley held an inquest at Chelsea last Saturday. on the body of a female infant three months old, the child of very poor parents named Frith. The father is a man of good character, who struggled hard to support his wife and two children, but sickness came upon him, and he was unable to work constantly. Little by little, the family sunk down to the lowest state of destitution, and when the chi:d on whom the inquest was held was born, the mother was too weak to afford it sustenance from her breast. They tried to feed it as they best could, but it sickened and died, most pro bably through want of proper nourishment. About three weeks before the infant's death, Frith was himself laid up with quinsey ; and his wife applied to the parish for relief, which was offered them on condition that they should go into the workhouse, but the man declined to do so " as it would break up his little home that was dear to him." They lived during his illness by pawning their clothes and moveables, the usual recourse of persona so sitnated. When they appeared before the corner on Saturday, they were frighfnlly emaciated, and the woman's intellect ap peared to have been affected by want of food. Mr. Bush, the relieving officer, when asked by the coroner why he refused relief, said he had done all be could far them. He offered them the workhouse, and they re, fused it ;he acted' strictly by the law. The coroner doubted whether Mr. Bush's interpretation of the law was correct, and assumed, that as the man was sick he was bound to relieve tbeir family. Mr. Keene, the medical officer, stated that the man looked very thin and miserable when be was suffering under the qurnsey. He did not order him nourishing food, as a man with a quinsey could not swallow. On a former occasion he had ordered nourishing food, and that order had not been at tended to. A verdict of " natural death" was returned of f yi t n h g e officer fam ily, o,f whenthe parishs sickness ne tr with respect to the child, and the coroner and j ury con curred nit providing in forcensuring the the wants relieving h was in their house. ETHIOPIAN S BRUN ADP RS .--Th • ese entertaining and clever singers, we observe, commence a series of enter tainments on Wednesday (to-in ), at the Liver Theatre. The bulk of our we dare reader s,say, al ready heard and admired their unique ' harmonies. Those who have heard them, however, will doubtless embrace hearing them aga in; the opportunity of who arid those have not, ou g ht b y all means to do so. Ma. JACOB'S ENTERTA I N MENTs.--This redoutable TVi:.ard commenced hi s f eats o f s l e ight-of-hand, or magic, or whatever else the spectator may call them, last night, in the Theatre-Royal, M'illiarnson-square. Cer tainly be is a surprising genius,—one such as we never saw before : clumsy tricks are not his forte. He is the Magnet" Apollo of his art ; unequalled as a magician, anal more amusing than any other of his profesaloo. THE GREAT BRITAIN STEAM-SHIP. The Irish Mail did not arrive last night until nearly eleven, and, consequently, too late for our first country post. We received by it a letter from our correspondent at Dundrum Bay, dated Sunday, at 4 p.m. Great exertions were made that morning to get the Great Britain from the bank, but without effect, in fact, no perceptible difference was made in her position. RELIEF IN KERRY.—The Kerry Evening Post says: —" The good work goes on bravely in this county. The landlords of Kerry ate discharging nobly the duties of their high position. To relieve the distress of their destitute fellow-countrymen, they are taxing their pro perties with a liberal—we might almost say ruinous— hand. A half-barony in this county, (North Dunker ron,) valued at £6,000 per annum, taxes itself with £l2,ooo—the fourth of the Government grant for all Ire land. Already have we announced the granting by the magistrates and cesspayers of £20,000 at Cahirciveen, for the barony of Iveragh ; and of £12.000 in the north half barony of Dunkerron. We have this day to add to that list £22,000 granted on Wednesday last in Listowel, for Irraghticonnor; and £30,000 on Thursday, at O'Dorr.ey, for Ulanmaurice. THE NAVAL RETIREMENT.—In the scheme promul gated on the 31st of August by the present Board of Admiralty, it was intimated that officers not in Eu rope, who might be desirous of accepting the retire ment, would not be excluded in consequence of their letters not reaching England before the Ist inst., as a reasonable time would be allowed for such appli cations. Although the number fixed as the retired list (200) has, we believe, within a very few, been com pleted, the Board, acting with becoming good faith, have extended the period during which officers may intimate their desire of accepting the retirement to the Ist of Nov. ; the retired pay commencing from the Ist of October, as originally intended. The scheme includes officers of 50 years of age, who from wounds or ill health are incap a bl e of service. We cannot help thinking the terms offered and this extension of time most liberal on the part of the pre sent Board of Admiralty, and we trust those for whom it is designed will avail themselves of an arrangement so ho nourable to them and doubly beneficial, as it will enable a younger, and not less deserving set of men to be brought forward in our naval service. VARIETIES. " HALT " —The late Judge Pease, of the Supreme Court of Ohio, was a noted wag. A young lawyer was once making his first effort before him, and having thrown himself on the wings of his imagination into the seventh heaven, was preparing for a still higher ascent, when the judge struck his ruler on the desk two or three times, and exclaimed to his astonished orator •--Hold on, hold on. Doriwt gb any higher;for you are already out of the jurisdiction of th.s court. WANT OF QUALIFIED SCHOOLMASTERS. —ln the whole, we have employment for 8,000 qualified masters and mistresses. Taking eight years to be the average period of a master or mistress's stay at any one school, the number annually required to be sent out properly trained from the training schools of the country, will he 1,000. if we had as many primary schools as are needed, that number would of course be doubled,-2,000 per an num. At present, the whole supply of pupils, at all com petent, cannot exceed 300, and fully qualified will not amount to 100 per annum. " A system of education," says Mrs. Austin, " is nothing without an unfailing sup ply of competent masters." Have we any provision for such a supply ? It must be admitted that, under the pre sent system, we can neither supply teachers in proper quantity nor of proper quality.—Haly on Education. TUE MOSAIC NARRATION OF THE CREATION.— Apart from the religious importance of the truths dis closed in the Mosaic account of the creation, which it is impossible for language fully to represent, and which can be appreciated only by those whose mind and soul have been happily brought into union with the great Creator ; apart from these blessed and everlasting effects,—the mere excellence of the narrative is such as to show in the writer the prevalence of a high and ennobling spirit, which would be genius, were it not something more ele vated. This merit, which the ancient heathen critic, Longinus, acknowledged in no niggard terms, is of so lofty and decided a description, as to win for the book in which it is found, the respect of every cultivated mind, whatever its religious conviction may be. For ourselves, if we did not revere the Bible for its reli gion, we should admire it for its style ; but, as we both revere and admire the Sacred Volume, we are bold to ask, where can be found nobler truths expressed in a purer, more simple, more majestic manner, than we find in the introductory verses, and in very many other parts, of the Bible ?—a book which we hold to be the greatest among all the treasures of man's earthly inheritance.—The People's Dictionary of the Bible. NELSON.—Lord Nelson had often talked with Captain Hardy on the subject of his being killed in battle, which appeared, indeed, to be a favourite topic of conversation with him. He was always prepared to lay down his life in the service of his country ; and, whenever it should please Providence to remove him from this world, it was the most ambitious wish of his soul to die in the fight, and in the very hour of a great and signal victory. In this he was gratified : his end was glorious ; and he died as he had lived—one of the greatest among men. His lordship had on several occasions told Captain Hardy that if he should fall in battle, in a foreign climate, he wished his body to be conveyed to England; and that if his country should think proper to inter him at the public expense, he wished to be buried in St. Paul's, as well as that his monument should be erected there. He explained his reasons for preferring St. Paul's to Westminster Abbey, which was rather curious ; he said that he remembered hearing it stated, as an old tradition, when he was a boy, that West minster Abbey was erected on a spot where once existed a deep morass ; and he thought it likely that the lapse of time would reduce the ground on which it now stands to its primitive state of a swamp without leaving a trace of the Abbey. He added, that las actual observations con firmed the probability of this event. He also repeated to Captain Hardy several times during the last two years of his life, " Should I be killed, Hardy, and my country not bury me, you know what to do with me," meaning that his body was, in that case, to be laid by the side of his father's, in his native village of Burnham Thorpe, in Nor folk ; and this, as has been before mentioned, he adverted to in his last moments. — The Despatches and Letters of Lord Nelson, by Sir H. H. Nico:as. THE ALGERINE JEWS.—The Algerine Jews attebute their first arrival in Africa to a miracle, of which we find the following version in Count St. Mario's book. In the year 1330, Simon-ben-Sinia, chief rabbi of Seville, and sixty of his co-religionists were imprisoned, and con demned to die, the object being to get possession of their wealth. On the eve of the day fixed for their execution, Simon drew the image of a ship on his prison wall. The drawing was miraculously changed into a real vessel, on board of which the prisoners embarked for Algiers, where they were kindly received by the Marabout Sidi Ben Yusef. This tradition is still an article of faith, even with the most enlightened of the Jews. In whatever manner they came, they have increased and multiplied, and now abound in all the towns of Algeria. Preserving the cha racteristics of their race, they differ little from their Eu ropean brethren ; or, if the, e be any difference, it is not much in their favour. Their moral condition is low • and a lthough some honourable and honest men are found amongst them, the majority are of a very different stamp. They are charitable to their poor, and hospitable to their own people, and are generally well conducted ; but their insatiable and inherent greediness leads them into all sorts of disgraceful transactions. They have been immense gain ers by the expulsion of the Deys, under whose rule they were subjected to much oppression and ill usage. "Their condition is now vastly ameliorated, and I have even heard complaints o' their insolence; a very extraordinary charge against a race so tamed and broken in spirit. The French, I fear, can place but little reliance on their courage in occasions of danger." The Jewish women, when young, are for the most part strikingly handsome; and the boys are models of beauty until the age of ten or eleven years, whop their features grow course. Education is confined to the teeles,-131acktpod'e Magazine.