Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-12-31 00:00:00

POLICE JATELLIGENCIE—YsmrzEDAy. LIVkl/POOL. BEFORE MR. AITKI N. TILE ALLRO'p MURDER AT COPPERAS HILL —Humphrey Bliukhorn. Rho stood charged with the murder of John Leonard, in Copperas hill, on Saturday night, was brought up on remand ; Mr. Muck appeared as his advocate. The only new evidence was that of Dr. Ledge, which was given in the Coroner's Court on Tuesday, the amount of whim was, that the death of Leonard was caused by a fracture of the elend and effusion of blood in the brain, and the facture was caused by groat external violence. Some of the witnesses peeviously examined were produced, iced repeated their evidence Mr Ai kin said he would tend the prisoner fur trial on tie charge of murder, and let a jury decide whether the deceased died trom the kick given oy the poisoner, or from the first blow. Mr. Black said there was clearly a fight, so, in that case, the offence would not be murder. Air. Ai kin said he weuld not alter his opinion. Mr. Bluck said the grand jury could reduce the cave to manslaughter. The prisoner was then sent for trial on the charge of murder. A PILOT'S A reiterriez.— William Covell, an apprentice to the Pilot Committee, was charge t with absenting him eelf from his duty. Mr. Bre= er appeared for the complainants. The boy was apprenticed to p lot boat No. 10, on toe Inch of April, and the charge gainst him was proved by Mr. Williams, who thawed that the boy absented himself from his duty five days in August, one in Septem ber, four in the early part of December, ant from the 24. h to the present time. After some discussion it was agreed to take the boy back, he promising to attend to his duty properly and obey his superiors in future. How TM: "Itcaea" WENT.—Robert McFarlane, des cribed as the keeper of an improper house, at 5 Pellew street, and Alice el cFarlane, both very well dressed persons, ware brought np by officer 705 on a charge of having stolen a gold watch and chain value £lO, the property of Joseph Andrews, a master rigger, living in Pitt-street. Mr. Bluck appeared for the prisoners, who were described by the police as very clever theives, and also as returned convicts. Officer 7(35, se.id about half-past eleven or twelve the previous night ha was in Rowe street, when he saw the woman running into the Queen's Arcade, and suspecting something he ran round to the other entrance, and met two prisoners coming out he caught hold of both, and then the man put his arm round the woman, and witness saw he had something in his hand, which he at once seized and got the watch and chain now produced. Cross examined by Mr. Biurk : I did not know who lost the watch at the time, but the man who owns it came up very soon and recognised it. Mr. Bluck : Why did you follow the woman at all? Witness: When I saw her run ning, I thought there was something wrong, and I was right Mr. Whittaker, an antuSeur detective, corroborated the above. Joseph Andrews, a master rigger, residing in Pitt-street, said he was going along Roe-street the previous night, at the time stated, whey he met the woman to whom he stopped to speak ; ho could not tell how the watch got out cf his pocket, as he could hardly get it out himself. Mr. black : Were you sober at the time ? Yes, perfectly sober. Mr. Black : More shame fur you then to stop and converse in the street with such a woman as that. The witness made some observations in a low tone, when Mr. Bluck said : Open your menth, sir. Witness : you want to see my teeth ? Mr. Black : They are very white, I suppose, but I have no curiosity to see them, I want to hear you 'talk. Mr. Bluck then cross-examined the witness at great length ; the details were not as edifying as they might probably have been, had not the witness stooped to speak to the woman. Mr. Clough said Mr. Bluth only wanted to throw tire on the respectable gentleman. Mr. Black : lam instructed to cross - examine him, and I will perform my duty. Throw dirt on hint ! Why, he threw the dirt on himself when he stopped to talk pith this woman in the street—l might, if I e era inclined, throw dirt on him, by aleieg him if he ie a married man ? but in mercy to him 1 will net. M-. Clough : The clever gentlemen who attend here from the press, and who report toe proceedings so accurately, are sure to record such cases. Mr. Black : No doubt they will, faithfully, as they do ; and that's what they are here for. Mr. Clough : Yes, but so much afraid of them, and a you, was an old gentleman who lost a sixty guinea watch the other night, that ho forfeited all rather than come up to prosecute, when he was sure to be exposed, first by you if you had the case, and then have his name exposed next day in the papers. Slr Buck : I always do my chitty to my clients, and the repprters do their du . y to the public, if old gentlemen got into bad society and lose their gold watches, its their own fault, they ought to think of their exposure before going into bad company, and that would save them. Detective cificers Smith and Sullivan spoke to the prisoners character, and from the very " excellence of its badness" the prisoners were sent for trial. EXTRAMDUICARY CAE ABOUT A PICTURE. —Samuel Cole man, a respectable looking person, was put to the felon's bar, charged under the following circumstances : —Mr. Martin said he appeared cn behalf of Mr. J. R. Isaac!, of Castle-street, who is an extensive picture dealer an I print seller, and in whose service the prisoner had been up to last August. Mr. leaaca had an extensive business connection with a houee in London, which sent him pictures on sale and return. A short time since an account was sent from London to Mr. Isaacs, who, on looking over the acceunt, found that there was one picture missing. On examination he found that the picture (one of Herring's splendid farm-yard scenes, worth £4O) was pledged in November, 1850, at Mr. Byford'e, in Dale-street, but that subsequently it was taken out, and re-pledge 1 with others, and no account of this had been entered in Mr. Isaacs' books by the prisoner. Mr. Cobb : If Mr. Martin would say what the charge is that he prefers against the prisoner, I would be able to meet it—is the charge felony or for illegal pledging ? Detective officer Sullivan : I have arrested him on a charge of felony. Mr. Cobb : I ask Mr. Martin what is the charge he prefers against the prisoner? Mr. Martin : We charge him with felony. Mr. Cobb : That is distinct ; then, you will not go Pn the illegal pledging ? No ; on the felony : Mr. Cobb : Very well, then, go on, and I wilt meet it. Mr. Martin: Then I will prove the case b.( calling Mr. Isaacs. Mr. J. R Dues was then examined, and said : The pri soner left my employment about the 21th of August. I have a large trade with Lloyd and Co., of London, They sand me pictures on sale and return. I know this picture It was in my house. I did not sell it to the pisoner. The firm sent down a listrequestirg me to return cart ain pictures. This one was missing. I found it at Mr. Byford's. 1 did not give the prisoner any authority to pledge anything Cross examined by Mr. Cobb : I never gave him any authority whatever to pledge anything ; the prisoner was in my employ for eight years, and left my employ about :ho 24th of August ; I was ill, but not so as to prevent me attend ing to my business. Mr. Cobb : Did he not pledge the picture to pay your men? I never gave him the privilege to pledge anything to pay my men on Saturday night ; there was a good deal of pledging, but I did not know it ; since he left I found out he was in the habit of pledging. He was my cash keepee and I keep a cash book ; this is it ; I don't find any entry of pawning in it. Mr. Cobb : Look at Byford, £4O ? I see it. Mr. Cobb : Is not that an entry cf pawning? No. That £4O the prisoner said he borrowed from Mr. Byford. Mr. Aikin : If it was borrowed from Mr. Byford, on a pledge for your account, by the prisoner, and that you knew it, will it not be pledging for you? Witness : I never gave him any authority whatever to pledge anything for me. Mr. Cobb : You positively swear that ? I do, most certainly. Mr. Cobb : Did you ever know that he plated anything for you ? Never—he never did pledge anything for me to my knowledge. Mr. Cobb : Would a pawnbrcker lend you £4O without you leaving something in the shape of property in pledge ? Witness : The prisoner told In e he took property of his own to pledge—. the date of that was May, 1857. Mr. Cobb : Then, your statement is, that he pledged property of his own and lent you the £4O he got on it ? Witness : Yes. that's quite right. Mr. Cobb : Do you know an artist named Cooper? Yes. Do you remember sending any of his pictures to your uncle's? No. Mr. Cobb : Do you swear, sir, eon did not eend Cooper's pictures up the spout ? I don't remember that I ever did. Mr Cobb : Did you ever send your watch up the spout by the hands of the prisoner? 1 don't remember. Mr. Cobb Have you some diamond studs? Yes. Mr. Cobb: Did the prisoner ever pledge them? I never gave the prisoner authority to pledge any of my shop property. Mr. Cobb : N ow , I ha ve yo u , sir; you swore that the prisoner never pledged any property of yours, you now want to say " shop property." I ask you air, on your oath, d ur i ng th e l ast two years, h as th e prisoner pledged ai h Byford any things to your a knowledge? Witness: I acknowledge that in cases of pressure or die tress for the time, that 1 gave my watch and studs to pledge, but with regard to shop property, I never gave him any. Mr. Cobb : I ask, did you not give him your watch and studs to pledge, to get out Cooper's property so that was putting one thing up the spout, to take out another ? No. Mr. Cobb : Are you a judge of pictures ? I ought to be Mr. Cobb : But are you, sir ? d on ' t tr ifl e in this way. Witness : Yea. Mr. Cebb : Do you know pictures by Ariidale ? Yes, I think these are my own ; they are not up the spout. Never knew the prisoner pledge until he left. Knows Lawrence and Landseer pictures ; there are two of these with Mr. Byford, but I did not know that until the prisoner left me. Mr. Cobb : I now ask you, sir, do you mean to say, that all these things went to Mr. Byford's pawnshop, and that you knew nothing about them? Certainly, I did not. Mr. Cobb : Are you a man of business ? Yes. Mr. Cobb : And know all about your affairs? Yes Mr. Cobb : Then, I ask you, as a saan of business, if all these things went out without your knowledge ? I can't say. Mr Cobb : Do you deny the entries in this book ? I don't deny the entries. Mr. Cobb : How came your watch to be pledged ? Because I wanted money. Mr. Cobb : After what has transpired up to this, THE NORTHERN TIMES. LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1857 I put it to Mr. Martin if ha will proceed with the charge of felony—if he does, I now tell him and Mr, Isaacs, that I shall proceed to examine him on matters that I do not wish, and which will be painful to me, but doubly so to him, but I must do my duty and will not shrink from it, but let Mr. Isaacs take the consequence, as he will have brought it on himself Mr. Martin, we will withdraw the charge of felony and proceed on that of illegally pledging. To the witness : I believe, the prisoner is, unfortunately, your brother in-law ? Yes, he is. The witness wont on to say —there was no money returned to me in the cash book, for the pledge of that picture ; the prisoner ought to have returned it. There is a sum of X5OO not accounted for by the prisoner. Mr Cobb: That is not a fair question to ask ; go to the cash-book and ask out cf tha . The witness to Mr. Martin : The prisoner told me he borrowed the £4O, but that is not in the cash-book. Mr. Cobb Is it in any place, sir ? Yee, in the abeyance account. Mr. Byfprd, the pewnbroker, was examined, and said he had seen the prisoner. The picture in dispute is in his possession ; it was pltelged the 291 Forember, 1836 by the prisoner, and l i alyseqw:ntly released and again pledged with two other pictures, by the prisoner, for £35. On cross-exeminafion, by Mr. Cobb the witness said, directly he never had any dealings with Mr. Isaacs, but through the prisoner, and he was under the suspicion that Mr. Isaaca was acquainted with it Mr. Aikin: Has the prisoner pledged a gold watch an 1 studs with you ? Yes. Mr Aikin said he could not understand why Mr. Isaacs would allow the prisoner to pledge his watch and studs, whilst at one portion of his evidence he swore most distinctly that he never knew the prisoner to pledge anything for him. He made no distinction whatever at first, and now he tries to make a distinction between private and pers ;nal property, and shop property. Under such circumstances it appeared to him that the charge of illegal pledging could not be sustained, the charge of felony was out of the question. It was a pity the ease came there at all, and he would advise Mr. Isaacs to settlo the dispute out of the court. It seemed to him the proceeding was brought in through some vin dictive spirit, that ought not to have come into the court. There was clearly pledging going on from itne to time by the prisoner, but he (Mr Aikin) could not call it illegal. It was done repeatedly for the bsnsfic of Mr. Isaacs, and therefore he mast discharge the prisoner. The prisoner was at once discharged. BEFORE MES , Rg. SIIEIL AND PENN DMPERkTE ASSAULT —William M'Coy, a sailor, was charged with having itacted desperate injuries on George Moreson. Surgeon Pope, of the Southern Hospital, proved the injuries, and the prisoner was sent for trial. George Bend, a boarding-house keeper, in Grenville street, was fined £2 103. and costs, for an assault on Mrs Whittaker, a publican, living in Hanover_street, and £2 10e. a 4 ditional, for another assault on a sailor, in the house of Mrs. Whittaker. In default of payment, two months' imprisonment. Excise Puesecurroer —Mr Tyndall aepsared on behalf of the B of Excise to support an information egainet William Wakefield, ehargieg him wish having a private still in his possession. Mr. Almond appeared for the defendant. It appeared that in last September Mr. Wakefield went to the office of Mr. V: hits, estate agent, Clayton-square, and entered into an agreement to become tenant of a house in Grinfield-street, Edge hill, at a yearly rent of £22, to be paid monthly in advance. Two months elapsed, and the rent not having been paid, bailiff's were sent to take possession of the house, and they effected an entrance after some difficulty. They fount the house completely empty, with the exception of a private still, which was then at work in the back kitchen. The parties who were working it escaped over the back wall, and the only person seized in the house was a little girl, who, when brought before Mr. Mansfield, was discharged, on account of her youth. The Excise-officers' were sent for, and they laid the present information against the defendant, he beiLg at the time the tenant of the house. Mr. French, Import Surveyor of Excise, Mr. James Kent, Excise Officer, and Mr. George Trumblo, clerk to Mr. White, w• re examined in support of the above facts. It was admitted that the defendant had agreed to become tenant of the house, but as the prosecution feilel to prove that he was ever in possession, the information was dismissed. LIVERPOOL BANKRUPTCY COURT-YESTERDAY, BEFORE MR. COMMISSIONER STEVENSON. In re MORROW AND Co.—The bankrupts, Robert Morrow, John Morrow, and Clarkson Garbert, who traded under the firm of Morrow and Co., merchants, of Liverpool, came up this day on their last examination. Mr. Felton, on behalf of the assignees, expre,sed himself highly satisfied with the accounts. The bankrupts passed, and the certificate meeting was fixed for the 22nd of January. BEFORE MR. COMMISSIONER PERRY. In re HENRY SCIIWABE —This was the last examination meeting. Mr. Ratcliffe opposed on behalf of a creditor, and the matter was adjourned to the 2nd of February. In re JOHN L. BAGOT.—The bankrupt came up on his last examination, and passed, and a day was Sxed for ,the certificate meeting. In re JAMES Macr,txxAN —The bankrupt, draper, of Church -street, came up on his last examination. He was supported by Mr. Rymer. Mr. Evans opposed un behalf of the as.ignees, and the examination was adjourned to tho 26ch of January for amendment of the balance-sheet. EX AMINATION OF SHIPMASTER% LETTER Y. Whether a commander be a goad, careful, ordinary, practical navigator, or a man of brilliant scientific attain ments, is really of little importance to commerce, except that donhts might arise in the minds of some whether the qualifioafon of the latter might partially have bbee matured at the expense of the " ordinary practical" knowledge of the former. Shipowners have their own interest in selecting competent officers, and will express theirpleasure accordingly. lam desirous of inform'ng shipowners of Liverpool that there exists a great miaunderstaudieg as to extra masters ; for any master, whether he h ave certificate of servitude or competency," is able legally to command a troop ship out of this port, and will find no authoritative obstruction. Every officer, certainly every shipmaster, has in his own port a positive reputation or " character" which no laws can interfere with, and owners and underwriters will look to this. It is desirable that the nature of examination may be such as to al'ow of no collision between the legal standing of a man and his private repute. The law, whatever it may be, should bear so evenly upon every grade that all should be contented, and respected. To accomplish this, many considerations have to be regarded. We must remember that many youths go to sea as a mere treat, consequently no very early training can be insisted on. The Board of Trade, therefore, wisely com mence their examinations with the second mate, who must have been four years at sea, Although in my last letter I proposed to abolish the present "extra" certificate, it will he seen, in following onward a system of study, that it may be reproduced under another form, with vastly additional value ; aid even the examination far the second mate is made sub servient to it. But, before I ccn comment on eath separate examination, it will be necessary to return to the question of the examiners themselves ; and here I touch on the moat delicate part of the whole frame-work. I write without any bias, and merely seek to give the result of my observation, in the hope of rendering service. It unfortunately happens that the additions to which my humble judgment inclines me, are of such a nature as to bring me, apparently, into contact *ith many teachers cf navigation, inasmuch as it may seem to be implied herein that present defects are to be attributed to them. Such is neither my accusation nor belief; but I am obliged to declare, from person it knowledge, that many teachers will themselves require to brush up what is called projection." Nor is this casting any stigma upon them, as I knew not of one school in the whole kingdom, nor of one person besides myself, who ever insisted on a student's " projecting" his questions in plane and saherical trigonometry ; and C mean to say, advisedly, that com paratively few could solve a spheric question by scale and c , mpasses. And why ? Simply because it has never, to my knowledge, been asked for by either the Board of Trade or any public examiners, nor is it ever required in the highest mathematical examioations at Cambridge. It has been unaccountab' y neglected, unless we believe that the want of a simple method of teaching and illustrating spherics was the cause. Such, then, I hope, exonerates all nautical teachers from imputation, and my ago logy for bringieg forward the subject thus publicly is the necessity I found, in my own practice, for some reedy means of in]. parting a sound knowledge of spherics to sailors; and after twenty-eight years, and no ordinary amount of labour at intervals, I produced the " spherograph ;" which enables me to do at once what the Board of Trade have in prospect, viz , the raising of the standard of ex ,sisi nationa. The simplicity and efficiency of the ins`rn melt being such that I can point to coasting captains who, " for amusement," (!) have taught themselves by it all that sailors need know of practical spherics. Perhaps I need have no hesitation in boldly plotting forward the question, when I mention that it was proposed by the London Local Marine Board itself, that the spherograph be used in Examination of Shipmasters. Nothing is usefully learned which is imperfectly understood. Now, if we insist on this in preparing for the first examination which a sailor youth uadergies, its benefits will plainly manifest themselves in all that succeeds, and we shall build up in each officer a more able navigator than any other plan can possibly produce. With how much more confidence will a second mate appear before his judges if his knowledge of " Dead Reckoning" be based on a proper acqaain tenet with the principles of right-angled trigonometry. It is fortunate that Norries's valuable Epitome, as the collimate handbook of the merchant navigator, should actually explain trigonometry mere thoroughly, as applicable to the wants of the sailor, than any book ever published. To make it plait', it rquires only a little patience on the p ar t of the teacher, although much should be left to the young man himself to read up at leisure ; and he would find an occasional question or two only would be needed to insure his easy progress. Injudicious help on the part of the teacher, does more harm than good. The student must exercise his mind to produce any lasting good; for, remember, much in my plan depends upon the first exami nation ; on it mainly depends whether a man pass wed, as master. One who prepares for second mate, should go through his work entirely (according to "Nories" admirable arrangement), with scale and compasses. Hence, a knowledge of principles, will be acquired by mere amusing projection. Afterward?, (on the assumption that a knowledge of the use of a hammer would be better acquired from sexing a nail driven with it) I would follow out the requirement of the Board of Trade, that a second mate " blow the use of logarithmis." I would let the student apply logarithem calculation to the examples he has learned to projoct ; thus mastering right angled trigonometry both by scale and arithmetic. He would thus be able to comprehend both work and principles in the sailiegs," and, indeed, a solid foundation would thus have been laid for marine surveying. All is provided for us; we only want examisalons to test the fact of the above having been properly attended to and generally understood. The immense advantages of such a training can only be believed and appreciated by those who, in hundreds of cases, have witnessed the effects of it. It will be seen then / am rather suggesting addition to, than altera t ion in the plan laid down by the Board of Trade; midi( I am asked to explain why I advise them, I would say in a few wards, that the great secret of education is to teach young persons how to teach themselves. Give them a good basis on which to build up favourable results from subseqeent private reading. Few youths who are intended for officers in ships could complain if, during the four years in which they are preparing fur examination, some attention were required in study for their future profession. If some may suppose that I require too much from a second mate's examination, I answer that no one ought to be allowed to aspire to an honourable profession, which involves great responsibilities, who is unwilling to make personal exer tion. We do not want the idle and indeerent. I think public and private interests at present stiff:r from the facilites of the step between the comnaoroplace "9uulded," mere forecastleman and the " mate ;" lance at would do no harm to the interests of commerce if we sift young candidates for future command at this very stage; tor it is desirable to recognise even more extensively in the merchant service the connection between the "officer and the gentleman." Only Mate. —As we ascend the " ladder of promotion, we shall next require that the candidate extend his knew ledge of plane trigonometry (thus widening the foun dation) by becoming acquainted with oblique-angled trigonometry so far as to be able to work easy quarters in it by scale and compasses. What Norris calls "construction" ofers ample assistance to any young man of ordinary intelligence, and is in itself highly interesting. The industrious may find great and profitable amusement in the numerous problems given in "Jean's Astronomy and Navigation." We would next require the candidate to be able to name the several lines of the sphere, in illustration' of the ordi nary daily astronomical problem. The " Key to the Sphe rograph'' has been specially prepared to illostrate this, and is so simple, that an hour's consideration of it (I cannot call it study) would be sufficient to qualify any one, even without assistance. A First Mate may reasonably, i❑ addition to the work of an only mate (es above), be expected to be able to check his work (with sufficient readiness to prove his ac- quaintance with the principles of spherics . ) in azimuths, amplitee, latitude, and time, by the *Spherograph Part 111., prepared on pufpase; and also to Ise tha stars and, planets fur the same object, and to find the name of any visible star of the first magritude by the splieregraph. Part 111., and Key to Part 111., are constructed for this. lie should be able to cons.fruci !he ordinary lines of the Sphere from Gante►'s scale, as situp y direeted cm the book of the key to epherograph. Six hours work out the spherograpla would suffice for this, while to do it by any book knowu, would require weeks of tedious application.—Yours, &c., S. M. SAXBY. • Owners and merchant officers can tee the spherograph at the Captain's Reading-room of the Mercantile Marine Service Associa tion, No. 20, orate - -street, between twelve and two daily, or at the Association's Office, No. 2, Cowper's-court, CorAill, London. DEATH OF I PROVINCIAL POET.—Death has removed during the last few days Mr. Richard Furneess, author of the Rag Bag and Medicus Magus, two poems published some 20 years since. Mr. Furness was born at Eyam, Derbyshire, is August, 1791, and died at Dore, near Sheffield. In early life lie followed the business of a curlier, but his poetic.l tendencies led him to seek the more congenial office et parish schoolmaster at Dore. Mr. Furness enjoyed the friendship of Ebenezer Elliott and I James Montgomery, and the respect and esteem of all with , whom he came in contact. THE MACNAUGHT QUESTION. TO THE EDITOR OF THIS NORTHERN TIMES. Stn,—Some of your readers seem incapable of seeing the drift of my observations, which you have favoured me by publishing, and Mr. Stanhope ' appears to fall within this class. In my first letter I endorsed Mr. Glazebroek's call upon Mr. Macnaught, to state what were his sentiments, with regard to the doctrine of the Saviour's person and atonement:—was he (Mr. M.) an Unitarian ? If he held the orthodox doctrine with regard to the atonement, I begged he would be good enough to say what were the irrational versions of that doctrine which he intended in his letter to the Daily Post. To this latter question no reply whatever has been vouchsafed. In my second letter I entreated Mr. M. not to leave the question, " Is Reason superior to every Rule of Faith? ' without adducing some grounds for holding Reason to be not only the ascertainer of which, of several proposed as Rules, is alone the true Rule of Faith; but likewise is competent to sit in judgment upon the contents of the ascer tained Rule of Faith ; and I reminded those who assumed the affirmative of that question, that it was to take for granted Divine wisdom could reveal nothing incomprehensible by Human Reason. Mr. M. having now answered Mr. G.'s inquiry by stating that in his belief Christ is the Supreme Jehovah, but complained of the expressions Mr. G. employed in the controversy. In my third letter I troubled you with a quotation from a pamphlet of Mr. M.'s, in which he indulged in what I then styled, and still term, buffoonery— so that it might be evident Mr. M. had no right to censure Mr. G. for the use of severe expressions. I concluded that letter, by stating my gratification at observing that Mr. M. had announced his adhe sion to the doctrine of the Divinity of the Saviour, and by asking Mr. M. what logical right he had for believing Christ to be the supreme Jehovah, on the hypothesis Scripture is fallible in matters of theology ? Tn my fourth letter I have shown that, in point of fact, Mr. M. falsely accused Mr. G. of having wilfully perverted his (Mr. M.'B) words, in order to defame him before the publie, and taken occasion further to enforce the distinction (which in my second letter I called attention) between the acknowledged province of reason, as the interpreter of the contents of the rule of faith, and the func tion denied to it, of allowing and rejecting any of those contents. No attempt has been made to refute any charge I have made against Mr. M., to shew the irrele vancy of my qnestions, or to prove the groundless ness of my distinctions. True, it is, they have all been summarily condemned, but I was not so hasty in advancing them, as to be terrified by the mere dicta of Diogenes, Alpha, and Mr. Stanhope. The second question which I have, through you, addressed to Mr. M., is in truth founded upon his own question to the Bishop, and I think the importance of chewing their close correspondence, is enough to justify me in repeating them in juxta position._ RR QI76STIONS. MY QUICSTION. If in matters of sense and I respectfully submit it is reason we consider the falli- incumbent upon Mr. Mac bility of Scripture, by what naught to explain what argument can we maintain logical right we have to Scriptural infallibility in believe that Christ is the matters superseusual or supreme Jehovah, seeing superrational ? If in Ste- that the Bible errs in the phen'e speech we acknow- narrative ofStephen's speech, ledge that the Scripture and may err in the apparent writers were fallible, and enunciat , on of an irrational even did err, what logical version of some true doc• right have we to promulgate trine. —as has sometimes bean done—irrational versions of the true doctrines concerning Incarnation, Trinity, Atone ment, &-,c , and then to expet that men shall bow down to our irrationalities, on the plea that all the the)logy of Scripture is infallible ? Is it not clear that in such cases as these the retort is easy and valid ? The Bible errs in the narra- tire of Stephen's speech, and why may it not err in the apparent enunciation of an irrational version of some true doctrine ? It must, sir, I think, be obvious to any one who will consider it, that in whatsoever way Mr. M. can answer my question, his questions to the Bishop may be disposed of Was it very unreasonable to expect that Mr. M., being in position —at all events, a clergyman of the Church of England—would answer my question, and so vindicate the logical consistency of his own conduct and belief with the propositions he conceives he has established ? It could scarcely have escaped his penetration that there is precisely the same logical difficulty in maintaining, upon his hypothesis, the very doctrines of Incarnation, Trinity, and Atonement as there is in proving any " irrationality concerning them," for which there is Scriptural authority. Lest, however, these remarks should be dismissed as puerile, and treated with the supercilious disre gard my questions have received, I commend the following extracts from Chillingworth to the con sideration of Mr. M. and your readers. The first passage. I give is from Ans. ii., 159, with extracts from which Mr. M. has already favoured us, dis creetly omitting this: — Not but that it were now very strange and unreasonable if a man should believe the matter of these books, and not the authority of the books ; ■nd, therefore, if a man should profess the not believing of these, I should have reason to fear he did not believe that." " I grant that he that doubts of any one book (of Scripture received by the church of all ages) hath as much reason to doubt of all. But yet, here ' again, I tell you that it is possible a man may doubt of one such book and vet not of all ; because it is possible men may do not according to reason, If you meant your words in the latter sense then I confess he that believes su - ih a book to ho canonical, i. e., the word of Go'i, and yet (to make an impossible supposition) believes it not to be true if he will do according to reason, must doubt of all the rest and believe none. For there being no greater reason to believe anything true than because God bath said it, nor no other reason to believe the ScriWure to ho true, but only because it is God's Word. Ho that doubts of the truth of anything said by God, hath as much reason to believe nothing that he says ; and, theref )re, if he will do according to reason, neither must nor can believe anything he says." Ans. iii., 35. In conclusion, I wish to acknowledge the pleasure have derived by learning from Mr. Griazribrook's etter you publistlad this morninz, that he does not regard my endeavours t) uphold the authority of Holy Writ as a " silly and invidious intrusion'' upon his controversy with Mr. Macnaught.—l am, W. WY E. 29:1 Dec., 1857. TiE WEST RIDING CONSTABULARY.—The whole of the mon of this fore, are about to receive their clothing f ,, r the new year; and a mark of distinction very similar to that of the Irish constabulary has been adopted—the coats of the sergeants having three stripes of silver lace on the right sleeve, those of first class constables two, and those of second class constables one. A badge of merit, entitling the ho'der to 2d. extra pay per diem, has also bean ordered. MILITARY RIOT AT THE INVALID DEPOT, CHATIIAII On Monday evening, a disturbar.ce broke out amongst the soldiers quartered in St. Mary's Barracks, which at one time threatened to assume a very serious character, as several of them were armed with bayonets and rifles- It appeared that some animosity exists between the 18th Royal Irish and the 86th Royal County Dawn against the 19th, and so violent was their conduct, that an armed force was sent from the 3rd Depot Battalion, quartered in the huts, to quell the riot. Several of the 18th rushed out of their barrack-rooms clothed only in their skirts, with their side-arms, and commenced a regular attack on the 19th Depot. Blows and stabs were freely administered, and it was some time before the armed force could put an end to the violence. A number of the belligerents were taken prisoners and sent to the guard-house, to await a military inquiry. This is the second time the 18th have broken out into violence; the last time was with the Royal Eggineers. THE ACCOMMODATION PAPER SYSTEM. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN TIMES. Sir,—The revelations which are being made, from day to day, in the Bankruptcy Courts, are proof of the most positive and incontestible character, that it is full time the Legislature should i m pose' some check upon the army of commercial specu lators who have been in the habit of bollterin up their credit and an insolvent pesitiln by means of accommodation bills. The late failures show that no matter how convenient such pieces of paper may be at certain times, there is connected with them a fatuity more roped a nd subtle than dram drinking or opium eating. Notwithstanding the temporary relief which accommodation bills afford for a time, when tested by the principles of commercial morality, they are a sham—" a mockery, a delusion, and a snare ;" for, once let the trader get accustomed to deal in them, and similar to the insidious and betraying narcotic I have n a med, they become indispensible to his business, under mine its constitution, and at last envelopes him is irreparable insolvency An accommodation bill is, as I have said before, an imposition and a sham. It pretends to be a Bill of Exchange, but it is without any evidence that it represents goods to the full amount of the sum affixed to the left-hand corner, or whether being a pal pable commercial sham, it is not w o rth th insig- ,T nificant piece of paper on whi c h it i s " d rawn and "accepted." There are certain descriptions of accommodation bills, which bear upon them the impress or their true character. I allude to that class of bills where one private gentleman draws upon another equally independent. When the draft of my Lord This upon Sir That is put into circulation, there is grave rea on to suspect its genuine character. Such persons have no reason or cause to trade in Bills of Exchange. The act is one to bolster up a tottering credit upon a baseless and a sandy foundation. It is, however, different with persons actually engaged in commercial pursuits. With theta such instruments are indispensable, but the oc currences of the last few months, show that the system is pregnant with the most fearful con' sequences to the commercial credit of the country. Indeed, the disclosures made at Glasgow, as well as in other parts of the United Kingdom, show that to such an extent is the system carried on, that firms supposed to be really wealthy, meriting the appellation of " Merchant Princes," have been paying one bill drawn by a man of straw, not worth sixpence, by another accepted by a firm not much better off. Should those apparent capitalists, be in funds to meet their engage ments at the required time, and additional accep tors provided, all will go on smoothly, and for a time prosperity and richness seem to strew the path of the penniless speculator. Tne con sequences of all this is, that the deeper a mail may plunge himself in the system of accommo dation bills, it is possible he can attain any amount of credit to carry it on. And this will continue until a monetary revulsion takes place, and it may be the stoppage of his bank, when his utter worthlessness becomes apparent, and he is obliged to suspend payment, and ultimatell appear in the Gazette as a hopeless bankrupt. The law with regard to accommodation bills is unsatisfactory. A. man may draw a bill upon another who is not worth a penny, whilst he, at the same time, has not the most distant hope of being able to meet it, as drawer, whey it arrives at maturity. If, however, he puts down a fictitious signature, instead of gettins , some one to affix his worthless name, then the crime of forgery is committed- Viewing both actions front a moral, point of viol'', should say that there is as much intention to defraud in the one case as the other. It would -be quite easy to cite cases in proof of this posi tion. The most recent and glaring is that of Messrs. J. and D. Macdonald, of Glasgow- The confessions made in that inquiry will enable our readers to estimate to the full extent the bubble credit that may be raised upon a deep and well laid scheme of accommodation bills. From the history of this firm I learn that, in 1845, requiring additional capital to carry 011 their business, they began to draw accommoda tion bills. This practice was carried on for ten years without any regular system of entry of these bills being organised. The first year they raised 8,0001. by accommodation bills , in 1850 that sum had increased to 30,0001., and in 1856 no less than 788,0 00 /. W hen they suspended payment in October last, their accommodati on p a p er reac h e d t h e enor. mous sum of 383,000/., - exclusive of a similar account of 60,0001. current between them and another house. These are painful facts, and such as should induce the Legislature to devise a plan for remedying an evil so baneful in its consequences. `Yell, indeed, might your eoteni porary, the Glasgow Herald, indignantly exclaim " The Macdonalds built manufacturing palacee , —extended their manufactories upon dishonestly acquired money—and undersold their fabrics t 0 the great detriment of honest trad ers , an d they bought pictures, and otherwise squandered their ill-gotten money. Such is the astonishing line of proceedings adopted by that giant manufac turing house. Ordinary men may tremble to think of such things, but it was easy for theni , They had nothing to lose ; nobody was respoh" sible, and their :>60,000/. of useless paper Wa s doomed to fall, amongst others, upon the share holders of the Western Bank, and upon th e thousands of poor girls who might starve, steal, or do worse for aught they cared, for the conse; quences." As we have a lre a dy sa id i n cou rse r" our present remarks, the Bankruptcy revelation s which are being made should induce the Parll 3 # ment by adopting remedies for th e mons trositie s and commercial iniquities to which we he re referred.—Yours, &c., J 1J STICE• v id It is announced that, at the close of the year, Mr. Da' Barclay Chapman will retire from the fi-m of Overeo Gurney, and Co. A FORMIDABLE E NEMY .—A correspondent of the MofaBsiliee, writin g fro m O u d e on the 6th ult., make s t a d following report of a strange raLir in which our troops b d been concerned :—" The troops, however, encount er t e he ir Truett more formidable and enterprising enemy oil, ` ^ i1 : 11 way back to camp, and I am ashamed to say tu e , qte r Lancers turned tail ; both (facers and men fled in their cunfasion, while the Artillery driverb abandone d the gur:s, and bolted like mad, but without a vail, f°',, fee enemy pursued them t o th e cam p, w hi c h f r iend a n ' the entered at the same time, th e l a tt er get ti ng among e, tents and having th e au d ac i ty to at t ac k our Ay: l ° le f ? r e c at which had turned out in great alarm to cover of the Lancer's and the others when they were seen r ning in such wild despair! The kilted High n de b rs th d e le y not on this occasion display the courage for wbic frogs are famed, for, if anything, the 93rd sought shelter I than the attacks of the victorious enemy with more ogial less their breeched comrades, though I confess that beien the reatin. protected, they suffered more, The sailors of thnaval fea ther, Brigade also, strange to say, showed the write a ___ hty and 'topped their booms' w ith th e r est, uttering n us terror. nautical ejaculations in the extremity of their utterly' There is no mistake about it, d the routed, and the enemy continued to hover arou t thenn cam p fur tome time, without our daring to nwies ith ve r d Y and ultimately they retired in good order, and w goo , - our fellows were n _ trifling loss." Don't be alarmed or indignant, clo7se if reader ; imagino what you would yourself attacked by a swarm of bees ! While tble of the Lancer returning from the Alumbagh to camp ono l ust, and the was tempted to poke his spear into a bees' MeDec. result is above deseribed.—Zombay Gaz = ave force was CORONER'S COURT-YZ,TE2D The Coroner held the following inquests yesterday : On the body of George Beale„ li4 years of age, who came by his death in con•egaence of a fall. He was about going to America, in the ship Hymen, and whilst in the Salisbury Dock, he accidentally f:11 off a plank, and died in some time after from the injuries ho received. Verdict ' AccAcctal death." On the body of Joseph Thompson, 31i, a butcher, who lived at 11, Marquis Street. He was very much given to drink, and it would app.ar, from the evidence, that his death was the result of excessive drinking, Verdict accordingly. On the body of a child named John Cog ins, 6 weeks old, that was smothered in bed, at a house in 11 Court, Oriel-street. Verdict—" Aceid,nitally suffocated." On the body of another child, named Sarah Powell, that was also smothered in bed, in Greenland street. Verdict same as in the last case. COUNTY COURT—YEsrARDAy BEFORE J. P. COBBETT, FSQ. ROBERTS e. INIARTIN.—JUDGMENT.—In this Case, which was au action tried on the previous day, brought by a seaman, named Robert Roberts, to recover £3O. His lisnour delivered judgment for the plaintiff, with £l5 damages. Mr. Almond, who appeared on behalf of the defendant, gyve notice of an appeal from this decision. A. report of the case, which was one of considerable impor tacce, appealed in our paper of yesterday. RUSSIAN RAILWAYS.—Recent financial advices from Russia furnish some interesting particulars. It is said the total of bullion in the fortress of St. Petersburg and at MOSCOI7 exceeds £20,000,000, On the other hand, the paper circulation is estimated at nearly £120,000,000, and the rate of exchange continues at a point that must involve great loss to all who have to make foreign payments. Practically, the currency is inconvertible, since the Government allow only very small quantities to be ex changed for gold, although occasionally, when the depre ciation, as measured by the rate of exchange, threatens to go on too rapidly they allow car ain defined amounts to be shipped by the leading bankers, With regard to the grand railway scheme, of which, according to report, the English public may expect to hear more the moment they may be again disposed to get rid of their money upon any invitation, the latest particulars are as follows : —The c ,mpany have about 4,000 versts of line to construct in 10 years, at a cost of about £45,000,000. Their first iesae was about £12,500,000. Of his th e y re t a i ne d one f ourth fcr Russia, o n which 37.1 roubles was required as a first instalment on each slime of 125 roubles. When the Government reduced the rats of interest on Bank deposits, on the Ist October last, from 4 per cent. to 3 per cant , the directors took the opportunity of offering 5 per cent on all payment in full, and of this the shareholders readily availed themselves. At the present moment, therefore, about 00,000 out of the 150,000 shares reserved Le. Russia have been entirely paid up, Of the shares issued in other countries only a small proportion have been paid in full. On the Warsaw line the road is finished for about 120 versts, and the distance has been performed in two hours end a half. Only the Imperial family, however, have as yet travelled on it, the opening to the public being delayed as usual by all kinds of difficulties It was now expected to take place in a few days. In the meantime two goods trains were being run daily, the receipts of which were about £l,OOO per week The company have a numerous staff of French engineers at Moscow, and in the south, making surveys ; and the Russian Engineers are alleged to be very indignant at their being set aside. The present price at St Petersbarg of a share of 125 roubles is 3 premium, but in Polhill] they have been far from popula r. The affairs of th e li ge an d D ana b urg C ompany are said to bs making progress but slowly. The Government have accepted their caution money of about £lOO,OOO. The concession is not yet signed, a multitude of obstacles being raised on trifling points, but which were expected soon to be adjusted. THE CITY OF THE MORMONS. The City of the Saints is fortified with a wall of seed twelve feet high, with a broad deep ditch in frost of ih soil semi-bastions at half musket range. These are pierced with loop-holes to afford a front and lank fire in case of attack. Entering through a gate of tho wall, we feud the city divided into blocks, often of ten acr a each, intersected at right angles by streets 130 feet wile, rousing due north and Bomb and east and wee*, and in wet weather almost impassable. The houses in the suburbs are scattered, arid consist mostly of mud bowels, with dirt roofs and log shanties. she centre of the city is more thickly settled and better built. The sidewalks are of respectable width, often with a stream of water fl iwing through them, on which are planted cotton wood end other trees of rapid growth. Everything bears the impress of industry and toil. Improvements are visible in all quar`ers, which no dr nes could have effected. The number of inhabitants is about 15,000. Most of them are English_ and Scotch, few Americans, many Welsh, and some Danes. The Americans, who are principally from the Western borders of the United States, although composieg less then a third part of the population, possess a complete monopoly of political power, fill all the offices, ecclesiastical and civil, and receive all the emoluments. Almost without exception, they are polygamists, bitter in their hatred of the Gentiles, and full of zed for their miserable faith. Arrivirg at the centre of the city, we cone upon Temple Block and a street fall of stores. The premises are favourable to business, awl the merchants make enormous profits, often amounting from 150 to 600 per c-nt. Large stocks of merchandise are yearly imported across the plains, is huge waggons drawn by oxen. The stores are built of adobe sun-dried bricks, and their white colour gives a lively appearance to the streets. In this portion of the city reside the principal dignitaries. Their houses are generally comfort able, though with slight pretensions to eleganc You see a largd barrack-like house on the corner. This is the residence of Elder Benson and his four wives. Brother Gran', with his five wives, lately occupi-d the pretty house you see en the east Bide. Parley P. Pratt, with his nine wives, lived in more ascetic style, and was content with the mean-looking house you pass on the west. Dr. Richards, with his eleven helpmates, lived in that bong dirty row of single rooms, half hidden by a very beautiful orchard and garden. Looking towards the north, we see a whole square covered with houses, barns, gardens, and orchards. Here, in serene domestic bliss, resides the great apostle, H. C. Kimball, with his 18 or 20 wives, their families and dependents. Here is a pompous edifies, with a fierce lion in repose sculptured on its font. It can only be the dwelling of the champion, the "Lion," as he is sometimes called, the renowned Brigham Y mug. Here, with his seventeen wives, he watches ever the welfare of hiss charming colony. This house was erected at an expense of over £30,000, in addition to the shingling, which was performsd by all the carpenters in the city, at the command or Brigham, "by the authority of the holy priesthood." Bat we have not arrived at the grand seraglio of our occi dental saltasr. Tait is a large, showy, adobe baildinr, finely plastered, brilliantly white, balconied from ground to roof, an observatory on the top, and the whole surmonn'ed by the Mormon s , ymbol of inlastry, a beehive. It cost over 15,000 dollars, and is the most splendid buildingin the ter ritory. It is occupied by the senior wife of the patriarch and her family. Orchards and gardens lie behind it and surround it. Near by is the Social Hall, devoted to dramatic representations and to th e d ance . Th e l ast i s a great institution with the Mormons, and Brigham himself does not d'sdain to initiate the unenlightened into the mysteries of Terpsichore. He is an accomplished dancing m ister. The Mormons Chow a discriminating taste in their choice of dances. They especially effect cotillons, country dances, and reels, but show no favour to the polka, schottische and similar ambitious performances, being averse, as they say, to seeing their wires and daughters in such close proximity to other men. An original genius among them has invested a double cotiden, giving two ladies to each gentleman, a necessary arrangement, as the ball room generally numbers from three to four women to one of the ruler sex. The Tabernacle is an imposing structure or temple block, a square containing ten acres, and surrounded with a wall and handsome shade trees. The Tabernacle will seat over two thousand persons. They have an instrumental bend which plays marches, waltzes, and other lively tunes, besides a choir who sing the iginal productions of the Mormon muse to the air of Old Dan Tacker, Bach's chants, and Hendel's oratorios. Their meetings commence with singing and prayer, which are followed with discourses on adobe making, clothes' washing, house cleaning, ditch digging, and similar iastractive topics, the whole service winding up with arnonncements of letters in the post-office, plans for pic nics, and the arratigement of work. Even their theatrical performances are opened with prayer, and the actors aro dismissed with a benediction, often while in a state o' pyth on ic excitement (rein bad liquor.—Neu York Tribune. THE EDITOR. Au Editor sat on a lofty sto I, A very long pen was stuck in his ear, Before him letters from knave and fuol, In penmanship not over clear. He opened one—he opened all— As fast as any mortal man, Smothered in scribble, scratch, and acraw', And thus the precious medley ran:— Mr. Editor, what would it cost, To break a fellow's head for fun ? Which of the tvo wrote Paradise Lost Billy Nutts, or the poet Bar,❑ ? An Editor sat, &c. When do the Chartists take Lmidon Can a man gat drunk on four shilling tea? D 3 gooseberries mako the best chimpa.Tue ? Do you think Prince Albert at all like me ? Is Nlr P4Ol Bedford out of his teens ? Who inventd cobler's cv..x ? Is it true Lord Russell shortly means On sleepy heals to levy a tax ? Are rabbits Wel:h considered gam 3 ? Do undertakers ever weep? Which is the shortest road to fame ? Does Mrs. Nesbett swear in her sleep? Mr. Editor, once before I wrote to ask, now tell me pray, Did the celebrated boy (buoy) at the Non Ever have a father—eh ? Who was the author of Shakspeare's plays ? D) they eat much bacon up the Rhine ? Is it true that M,ther Eve wore stays Is the North Pole made of oak or pine ? What do they term the flesh of a cow ? What is the English for jolly b icks ? Of actors which is the greatest now, Mr. Macready, or—bravo Hicks ? Did Miltcn use steel pens or no ? Is the language chaste at Billingsgate Is it true that the author of " Jump Jim Crow " Is appointed Poet Laureate ? Please to insert a receipe To produce whiskers an i make them good. You are more versed in classics than Imo, Is " take a sight" considered low ? Is the Irish Ambassador given to drink ? DD 'busses run to B)tary Bay? Mr. Editor, don't you think, Kissing very delightful play ? Was Dryden fond of heavy wet ? Did Ovid write "All round my hat ?" At Chili do peop!e ever sweat? What was the age of Whittington's cat ? Does the Kyhoshedra carry a tal ? Is the Fangajawcabes double flatted? If I suck the eggs of a nightingale, Shall I have a voice like Jenny Lind ? If a maiden dies at forty-one, Don't you think she's nipp'd in the bud Pray, was Master Widdicum Born before or after the flood ? Was Queen Bohanki fond of a pipe Are guinea pigs the deircst pork ? Is the King of Prussia fond of tripe ? What sort of a chap's the Cove of C)rk ? Pray, what time do you take your meals? Did carrots grow in the reig❑ of Anne? Wai Byron fond of pickled eels ? Is Lori Broug'ilm a French or an Englishman ? When do they ope❑ the Middlesex line ? What day next week is it going to rain ? Where will the British drama shine, At Common Gardin or Drury-lane ? Editor, dear, do you want a mate, Because I've two or three daughters fair ? I've often heard of the River Plate, Pray is it silver or crockery ware? Are red plush breeches considered neat? Is it very healthy to have the gout ? Is the German Diet good to ear, That we read s) much in the papers about ? You can tell me, I suppose, Can I go all the way by coach to Greece ? If a ruffian bites off part of your nose, Is'nt ho bound to keep the peace ? So the Editor juwp'd from his lofty stool, And into a terrible passion flew, Swore that his dinner was getting caol, And cursed the 'otters and writers too. All the, sari ' 4 10 'rlea All ( hot btin . h:tt; ( tug 'et3 ha. el~ F