The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-06-16 00:00:00

ttteraturr. NOTICES. The Churchman's Monthly Penny Magazine. Wertheim, London Amongst the periodicals of the month, we omitted last week to name this new and valuable work for the million, " To bring before the va- Christianity in its vitality and its prospectus states, and also to show ti d Scriptural foundations (in - which rests fathers." Vie i and honoured church of our are informed, that in a few days many fiber have been sold in this it will be gird to see excellent bishop of this Diocese rid copi e who are circulat the terms recommends it, while others D have not yet heard of its put), to follow his adviC We the followin extract from the to the editor of the maga n a public duty with little pr, efore you are entitled to such lublic who is interested in your rite to say that I have read wit: of the Chu] to call it f ,rth._ I heartily ap prove both of meat of the v stain such a circulation t. " J. B. CUE Oliver and Boyd , Edinburgh volu n forwarded to us 1 tanate enough to ob f this most valuable the nub vision of this t ers, who have been by the eminent histo- if, and 1, is " the only one the public in a tes ected." Dr. ich he has c s additions, not hitherto This edition will therefore become, from its th all who feel an inter- necessary accurac iffing sce h the author di cts with gaged personally in the transactions of that portion of the sixteenth century when the glorious reformation was ac complished. Most of our readers have already seen in our own columns or elsewhere specimens of our author's style, and proofs of his historical research. It is now, of uperfluous to enter into an examination of this s character for original and important informs- work—i been fully r 1 which could by possibility be assailed, has uaintained against numerous and unscrupulous The edition before us will comprise four handsome volumes e's Life of Lorenzo de Medici- Librar -Bohns Sta . the seventh volume of a series of valuable works, now publishing in beautiful and uniform style, by Mr. Bohn, at an extremely low price. This is another cl 3 it is now too site to criticise, but this a new memoir of the author. written by his trait of "The Magnificent." have said that this series is rid elegant form, and this duly consi- S notc price can possibly remune o has certainly succeeded in fulfil s prospectus of '• rendering the pro- now the In our prey printed in a new ilered, it is a marve fiction," and we hope he has the success which he has certainly used all the means in his power to merit. ling the jected sr worthy of d The Memoirs of the Court of Charles the Second by Count Grammont forms an " extra volume " of the series last alluded to, and is printed with the above title and in a different coloured binding, to mark the distinction from the Standard Library ; and the publisher has given it this distinguishing exterior, because having shown his in tentions in publishing works of such established reputa tion as those of Robert Hall, Sismondi, &c., he is anxi ous to manifest some evidence of his wish to deserve tie confidence of his subscribers, many of whom would other _tartled on seeing in such a series an issue of a work embued with so much of the leaven of Charles the 'econd's days. The volume has a beautifully executed -trait of Nell Gwynne. wise be .Hogg's Weekly Instructor continues to deserve its Laracter for hi ient, for a vast mass of in ranch of society, and for lion is to every us and a z literature Sharpe's London Magazine, of a character somewhat resembling the preceding publication improves in its pic torial embellishments, and must win its way with the The Tiny Library, for which Mr. Connor, of London road, is the local agent, is a new candidate for the appro val of our juvenile friends, who will find nothing in its pages beyond the grasp of their comprehension, while they will find abundance of moral entertainment and in which is illustrated by a great number of well woodcuts, calculated at once to stamp more for- execut cibly the impression and the writer's meaning on the in fent mind. The Union Magazine. London : Barker and White, 33, Fleet-street This publication has now completed its first volume, and fully maintains the high character of its first numbers. The present number for June contains some excellently written articles, of a class calculated at once to amuse and We cordially recommend the Union Maga- to instru zine to the reading public VARIETIES —The lord mayor, at a dfnne, ssador, proposed the health o. CONVIVIAL 13LUNDEE given to the French as ree consu Hip, hip, hip, SERVE MEAT IN HOT WEATHER.—First wipe the meat gently and lightly with a clean cloth, then dust over every part with pure oaten meal. The meal imparts a sweet flavour to the meat. It must all be wiped away before the meat is put down either to be boiled or roasted. —Magazine of Domestic Economy. ANCIENT IMPORTATION INTO HllLL.—About 1595, we find entered in the household book of the Cliffords, . _ The toast was repeated by the toast ' Health of the Three per Cent. Consols. TO Pa a sum of eleven shillings "for six cabbages and some caret roots bought at Hull." These were then imported from Flanders, whence even Queen Catharine, in the reign of Henry VIII., had her salads. Potatoes and tur- not generally known, even to the gardener, un ;11 of Elizabeth.—Hull Packet. THE CAUSE OF CORNS.—If shoes were constructed in the shape of the human foot, neither too large nor too small, and making an equal pressure everywhere, corns and bunions of the feet would never exist. But, unfortu nately, shoes are seldom made after this fashion; and_in g . ladies' shoes especially there are generally two signal de fects,—first, the extremity of the shoe is much too nar row for that part of the foot, (namely, the toes.) which it is to contain ; and, secondly, for the purpose of display ing as much of the foot as possible, the whole of the tar sus and metatarsus is left uncovered, and the pressure of the shoe in front is thrown entirely upon the toes. The ed against each other, and then s first s . - pushed out of their natural position ; and all the project ing points, -chiefly where the bones are situated, are pinched and tormented either by the neighbouring toes or by the leather of the shoe ; and thus it is that corns of the feet are generated.—Sir Benjamin Brodie's Lectures. A RAPID COURTSIIIP.—the history of Robert Hall's marriage was a singular one. It has been related in a dozen different ways, but I believe the following account of it to be correct :—One day, whilst alighting at a friend's door for the purpose of dining with him, he was joked on his bachelorshlp. He said nothing, but whilst at table was observed to take particular notice of the servant girl, who came in to replenish the fire. After dinner, es he was sitting alone in the study, the young woman again en. tered it with the coal-scuttle, when Mr. Hall, whom she had supposed scarcely less than a king, said to her, " Betty, do you love the Lord Jesus Christ?" The girl replied, that she hoped she did, taking the question merely as an accustomed one from a minister. To her utter sur- se and constei !owed it up I and, exclaiming-, ked her to d Eaid le ran away, and on his speaking with Mr. - Hall on the subject, ihe lat ter declared his intention of marrying the girl, who he said had taken his fancy by the manner in which sbe put the coals on. They were married, and lived happily together. His widow survives him.—Pen and Ink Sketches. TREATMENT OF LITERARY MEN.--The soldier, the sailor, the architect, the painter, are all within sight of the most lavish prizes of public liberality. Parliament has just given titles and superb pensions to the Conquerors of the Sikhs. The India Company has followed its example. We applaud this munificent liberality in both instances. Two general officers have thus obtained a peerage, w.th £7OOO and £5OOO a-year. They deserved those rewards. But the whole literary ericourage , ment of the British em pire, with a revenue of fifty-two millions stern! , 7, is £l2OO, little more than the tenth part of the pensio.• allotted to those two gallant men. £l2OO fOr the whole literary en couragement of England ! There can be no greater scan dal to the intellectual honour of the pantry. The petti es t German principality scarcely limits its literary encourage ment to this sum. We doubt whether Weimar,r, between literary offices and pensions, did not give twice the sum annually. But, named in competition with the liberality of the leading sovereigns, it is utterly mean. Louis XIV. two hundred years ago, allotted 80,000 francs a-year to his forty members of the Academy , a sum equivalent in that day, and in France, to little less than £oooo a•year in our day, and in England. Frederic 11. gave pensions and appointments to a whole corps of literary men. At this m omen t there is scarcely a man of any literary dis tinction in Paris who has not a share in the liberal and wise patronage of government, either in office or public pension. But if we are to be answered by a class, pletho ric with wealth and rank, that literature ought to be con tent with living on its own means, must not the obvious answer be—ls the author to be an author, down to his grave? Is there to be no relaxation of toil? Is there to be no allowance for th e ex h aus ti on o f hi s over - wor k e d facul ties ? for the natural infirmities of years? for the vexations of a noble spirit comp e ll e d t o su b m i t to t h e capr i ces o f public change; and with its full share of the common calamities of life, increasing their pressure at once by an inevitable sense of wrong, and by a feeling that the delight of his youth must be the drudgery of his age? When the gr eat Dryden, in his seventieth year, was forced, in the bitterness of his heart to exclaim ' Must I die in the har ness ?' his language was a brand on the common se nse , as well as on the just generosity, of his eountry,—Blackwood, THE FALL OF ROME. ITS CAUSES AT WORK IN THE BRITISH EMPIRE (From Blaekwood's Magazine.) The people in our great cities do not call out, as in an cient days, for gratuitous distributions of corn from Ly bia or Egypt ; but they clamour just as loudly for free trade in grain with Poland and the Ukraine, which has the effect of swamping the home-grower quite as com pletely. The great capitalists do not make collossal for tunes by the plunder of subject provinces, as in the days of the Roman proconsuls ; but they never cease to exert their influence to procure a contraction of the currency by the measures of government, which answers the pur- pose of augmenting their fortunes at the expense of . the industrious classes just as well. Political writers, social philosophers, practical statesmen, fall in with the pre vailing disposition of the most influential classes; they deceive themselves into the belief that they are original, and promulgating important truths, when they are merely yielding to the pressure of the strongest, or at least the most noisy, class at the moment in society. The Reform B•ll gave three-fifths of the British representat on to the members for boroughs. From that moment the eventual adoption of legislative measures favourable to the inter ests of capital, and agreeable to the wishes of the inhabi- tants of to' active to those of the ['don of Ezyp tioch, and Con cities became, bers, an object of dread to the country, was as much as the daily dis tiara grain to ti e inhabitants of Ro staniinople v will present op of C ction th )te numt Roman government. from their forr r which the partisans of free trade in grain have ever attempted to these considerations is, that the ruin of the agriculture in the central provinces of the ,Illy an Roman empire was owing, not to t importation of fo reign corn as a mercantile commodity, but to its distribu tion gratuitously to the poorer citizens of Rome, Con stantinople, and some of the larger cities in the empire They ad: _ mit, in its fullest extent, the decay of domestic agriculture, and consequent ruin of the state, but allege it was owing to this gratuitous distribution, which was in fact a poor.law, and not to the free trade in grain. But a very little consideration must be sufficient to show that this is an elusory distinction; and that is what the unre stricted admission of foreign wheat by purchase, which in reality, coupled with the contraction of the currency, de stroyed the dominion of the legions. 1. In the first place, the number who received these gratuitous distributions was, as already shown, so small, when compared to the whole body of the grain-consuming population, that they could not materially have affected the market for agricultural produce in Italy. Not more than 150,000 persons receired rations in Rome daily, and perhaps as many in the other cities of Italy. What was this in a peninsula containing at tn.. eighteen millions of souls, and with 2,300,000* in its capi tal alone ? It is evident that the gratuitous distributions of grain, taking those at their greatest extent, could not have embraced a fiftieth part of the population What ruined the agriculturists, who urea maining forty-nine fiftieths ? The unlimited importation ixteen or to feed the re- of cheap grain from Spain, Egypt, Sicily, and Lybia, and nothing - else 2. In the next place, even if the gratuitous distributions of grain► had embraced twenty times the number which they did, nothing can be clearer than that the effect on whether cheap forei agriculture is the same, .gn grain is imported by the private importer, or bought and distri buted by the government. If the home-grower loses his market, it is the same thing to him whether he does so from the effect of private importation or public distribu tion; whether his formidable competitor is the merchant, who brings the Lybian grain to the Tiber ; or the govern ment, which extracts it as a tribute from. Sicily or Egypt. The difference is very great to the urban population, whether they receive their foreign grain in return for their own labour, or get it doled out to them from the govern ment store as the price of keeping quiet. But to the ru ral cultivator it is immaterial. whether destruction comes upon him in the one way or the other. It is the impor tation offoreign grain which ruins him ; and the effect is the same, whether the price paid for it is the gold of the capitalist, or the blood of the legions. * There are now 20,009,000 inhabitants in Ral certainly as populous in the time of Augustus, when Rome alone, which now has 180,090, contained 2,385,900 souls. and it was ---..,_......._ " I see you are on the watch, guard chain. YoaxsnutE REBECCAITES.—There were Rebeccaites in England in the last century, and bold enough were their proceedings, most certainly. On Friday, the Bth of May, 1752, (says a Manchester paper of that date,) " Benjamin Woodsworth, the bent - um or common cryer of Selby, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, made procla mation, by ring of bell, in the public street of the said town of Selby, for the inhabitants thereof to bring their axes and hatchets, at twelve o'clock that night, in order to cut down the turnpike erected at that place by act of parliament; and on the 7th, Bth, 9th, and 11th instant, divers persons assembled in an outrageous manner, and cut down and totally destroyed the great gate of the said turnpike." ' as the thief said to the THE GOVERNMENT AND THE RADICALS.—The im mediate passing of this important measure (the Corn Bill) may now be considered as assured ; the majority consist ing not only of proxies but of peers present, so that no serious attempt to mutilate the bill in committee, where proxies do not count, could be made with a hope of suc cess. It is given out, however, that the Whigs now hold themselves at liberty to defeat the government, with the Protectionists as allies, and that the present cabinet is to be overthrown before the end of the session, by an under standing between the two parties. We think their power to do so is calculated upon a very doubtful data. The bill passed, the Protectionists will find that they have no thing to gain by a change, and their present bitterness will subside by degrees. Moreover, the sympathies of the country at this moment are unquestionably with Sir R. Peel, and it will be his opponents, rather than himself, who will be damaged with the public by factious votes. Among the Conservative members of the House of Com mons the irreconcileable enemies of the Premier do not exceed sixty, and the last vote of Lord John Russell on the factory question has alienated at least that number of free-traders from the Whig leader.— Westminster Review. APPEARANCE OF A YANKEE REGIMENT. These troops turn out on all public or gala days ; their gay dress —their strange variety of costume, tending to inspirit and enliven the scene ; indeed they would seem as if organised and drawn together for no other possible or earthly pur pose, their military skill and capabilities being strictly coefined to marching and countermarching in subdivisions and sections, through the streets and principal thorough fares of their towns and cities, for the edi fi cation of the boys and young children of the neighbourhood, and the delight of their female friends and acquaintances, to the discordant sound of some three or four wind instruments, and a half-strung bass drum, discoursing boisterous mu sic—bedizened in their many-coloured dresses, that form a strange medley of the national military costumes of al most every European nation ;—of the armies of republi can and monarchical France—of the Prussian, Russian, German, the Irish, and even the Scotch Highland garb all that unrestrained fancy may suggest, except the Bri tish, to which they still preserve a most unconquerable dislike : whilst every other colour, or shade of colour is admitted, scarlet is still, and pertinaciously, proscribed amongst them.— Wyse's America. PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CELEBRATED PREACHER, ROBERT HALL.—After we had waited for about a quarter of an hour, Mr. Hall made his appearance. He was rather below the average height, stout, and in clined to corpulency. His chest was very broad and ca pacious—the face large, and the features massive. His eyes were large, dark, and full, and his forehead high and broad. The head, which was bald, except at the back, and over the temples, had an indescribable grandeur about it. The worst part of the face was the mouth, which was very large, and the under lip somewhat protruded ; the a was large and projecting, This gave an appearance heaviness to his general aspect No one with an ob servant eye could for a moment gaze on Mr. Hall's ma jestic countenance without being at once struck with the expression of almost torture which was evident in it. He seemed to be constantly endeavouring to conceal bodily suffering—and it was so, for he was in reality a martyr to one of the most painful disorders that can affect humanity —calculi in the kidneys. After he had divested himself of his great coat, he had a pipe and some tobacco brought him, and having puffed away for a little time, he pulled off his dress coat, lay down on his back on the health rug, and was soon enveloped in a cloud of smoke. This was endured compelled him to nd a great portion of his time in a recumbent position, and it was oni of tobacco and opium, in large quantities, th the use he cou it was required of him to commence his sermon. He would then rise, and leave his pipe at the door of the pul pit, in readiness for him to resume his Nicotian habit the moment after he had concluded his discourse.—Pen and Ink Sketches of Painters, Poets, and Politicians. THE USE OP TAPERS ON ALTARS.—In a church whose meetings were held below ground, artifice' light was a ne cessary accompaniment to every service. Some persons have viewed in this custom the origin of tapers, employed in the daytime by Humanists ; an d have wished to consi der the continuance of candles in churches as a thank offering for liberty to worship God in the upper air; a grateful recollection of former privations and concealment. But history seems to contradict so favourable a construc tion of the original motive of " candle religion," and to refer it undeniably to a different source. The general habit of using lamps, mostly of terracotta, is proved by the discovery of thousands in the catacombs. The cubi cula clara, or chapels open to the day, were rare ; perhaps they did not exist till after the last persecution, when the fear of discovery no longer forbad an aperture from the Compagna. But the employment of artificial light for the mere purpose of rendering objects visible is quite distinct from the ceremonial use of it, whether to illuminate the shrine of a saint, or to " do vain honour to the Father of Lights." This ceremonial use, against which the Homily energetically declaims, appears to have been generally connected with idolatry, excepting in the case of the Jewish ritual, and to have been unknown to Christians until after the time of Constantine. The burning of lights is specified among the idolatrous rites forbidden by the Theodosian code : " Let no one, in any kind of place whatsoever, in any city, burn lights, offer incense, or hang up garlands, to senseless idols." Vigilantius, in reference to the custom of using lights in divine service, exclaims : " We almost see the ceremonial of the Gentiles intro duced into the churches under pretence of religion : piles of candles lighted while the sun is still shining; and every where people kissing and worshipping I know not what: a little dust in a small vessel wrapped up in a precious cloth. Great honour do such persons render to the blessed martyrs, thinking with miserable tapers to illumine those whom the Lamb, in the midst of the throne, shines upon with the splendour of His majesty." This passage proves that Vigilantius, who must have known well the customs of Paganism, was struck with the resemblance between them and the rites newly introduced into the church.— Dr. Maitland's Church in the Catacombs. THE LIV.ERPOOL STANDARD. PERSONAL APPEARANCE OF MRS. HEMANS.—I can not well conceive a more exquisitely beautiful creature than Mrs. Hemans was—none of the portraits or busts I have ever seen of her do her justice, nor is it possible for words to convey to the reader any idea of the matchless yet serene beauty of her expression. Her glossy waving hair was parted on her forehead, and terminated on the sides, in rich and luxuriant auburn curls; there was a dove-like look in her eyes, and yet there, was a chastened sadness in their expression. Her complexion was remark ably clear, and her high forehead looked as pure and spotless as Parian marble. A calm repose, not unmingled with melancholy, was the characteristic expression of the face; but when she smiled, all traces of sorrow were lost, and she seemed to be but " a little lower than the angels"— fitting shrine for so pure a mind! Let me not be deemed a flatterer or an enthusiast, in thus describing her, for I am only one of many, who have been almost as much cap tivated by her personal beauty, as charmed by the sweet ness and holiness of her productions. If ever poems were the reflex of the beauties, personal and mental, of their writers, they were indeed so in the case of Mrs. Hemans. —Sketches of Poets, Preachers, and Politicians. ASCENT OF THE HOLY STAIRCASE AT Rom E.—l never in my life saw anything at once so ridiculous and so un pleasant as this sight : ridiculous in the absurd incidents inseparable from it, and unpleasant in its senseless and unmeaning degradation. There are two steps to begin with, and then a rather broad landing. The more rigid climbers went along this landing on their knees, as well as up the stairs; and the figures they cut in their shuffling progress over the level surface no description can paint. Then, to see them watch their opportunity from the porch, and cut in where there was a place next the wall! And to see one man with an umbrella (brought on purpose, for it was a fine day), hoisting himself, unlawfully, from stair to stair! And to observe a demure lady of fifty-five or so, looking back every now and then to assure herself that her legs were properly disposed ! There were such odd differences in the speed .of different people too. Some get on as if they were doing a match against time; others stopped to say a prayer on every step. This man touched every stair with his forehead, and kissed it; that man scratched his head all the way. The boys got on bril liantly, and were up and down stairs before the old lady had accomplished her half-dozen stairs. But most of the penitents came down very sprightly and fresh, as having done a real good substantial deed, which it would take a good deal of sin to counterbalance ; and the old gentleman in the watch-box was down upon them with his canister while they were in this humour. I promise you. — Dickens's Pictures from Italy. LOVE OF DOGS FOR THEIR HOME.—A Newfoundland dog of the true breed was brought from that country, and given to a gentleman who resided near Thames-street, in London. As he had no means of keeping the animal, ex cept in close confinement, he sent him to a friend in Scot land by a Berwick smack. When he arrived in Scotland, he took the first opportunity of escaping, and though he certainly had never before travelled one yard of the road, yet he found his way back to his former residence in Fish street Hill, but in so exhausted a state that he could only express his joy at seeing his master, and then died. So wonderful is the sense of these dogs, that I have beard of three instances in which they have voluntarily guarded the bed-chamber doors of their mistresses, during the whole night, in the absence of their masters, although on no other occasion did they approach them. * * * A few years ago some hounds were embarked at Liverpool for Ireland, and were safely delivered at a kennel far up in that country. One of them, not probably liking his quar ters, found his way back to the port at which he had been landed from Liverpool. On arriving at it, some troops were being embarked in a ship bound for that place. This was a fortunate circumstance for the old hound, as during the bustle he was not noticed. He safely arrived at Li verpool, and on his old master, or huntsman rather, com ing down stairs one morning, he recognised his former ac quaintance waiting to greet him. A similar circumstance happened to some hounds sent by the late Lord Lonsdale to Ireland. Three of them escaped from the kennel in that country, and made their appearance again in Leices tershire. The love of home, or most probably affection for a particular individual, must be strongly implanted in dogs to induce them to search over unexplored and un known regions for the being and the home they love.— Jesse's Anecdotes. CLFOPATRA'S BANQUETS TO ANTONY.—OR her landing (from the Cyndus) she invited Antony and his generals to a dinner, at which the whole of the dishes placed before him were of gold, set with precious stones, and the room and the twelwe couches were ornamented with purple and gold. On Antony's praising the splen dour of the sight, as passing anything he had before seen, she said it was a trifle, and begged he would take the whole of it as a gift from her. The next day he again dined with her, and brought a larger number of his friends and generals, and was of course startled to see a costliness which made that of the day before seem nothing ; and she again gave him the whole of the gold upon the table, and gave to each of his friends the couch upon which he sat. These costly and delicate dinners were continued every day ; and one evening, when Antony playfully blamed her wastefulness, and said it was not possible to fare in a more costly manner, she told him that the dinner of the next day should cost ten thousand sestertia, or sixty thousand pounds sterling. This he would not believe, and laid her a wager she would fail in her promise. When the day came, the dinner was as grand and dainty as those of the former days ; but, when Antony called on her to count up the cost of the meats and wines, she said that she did not reckon them, but that she would herself banquet on the ten thousand sestertia. She wore in her ears two pearls, the largest known in the world, which, like the diamonds of Eurcpean kings, had come to her with her crown and kingdom, and were together valued at that large sum. On the servants removing the meats, they set before her a glass of vinegar, and she took one of these pearls from her ear and dropped it into the glass, and when dissolved drank it off. Plaucus, one of the guests, who had been made judge of the wager, snatched the other from the Queen's ear, and saved it from being drunk up like the first, and then declared that Antony had lost his bet. The pearl which was afterwards cut in two, was made into a pair of ear-rings for the statue of Venus in the Pantheon at home; and the fame of the wager may be said to have made the two half pearls at least as valua ble as the two whole ones.—Sharpe's History of Egypt. THE TOMBS IN THE CATACOMBS GIVE NO SUPPORT TO ROMISH SUPERSTITIONS. — When we reflect upon the trials which awaited the church, and the combined powers of earth and hell which menaced its earliest years, it is impossible not to recognise the fostering power of a heavenly Hand in thus providing a cradle for the infant community. Perhaps to the protection afforded by the catacombs, as an impregnable fortress from which perse cution always failed to dislodge it, the Church in Rome owed much of the rapidity of its triumph ; and to the pre servation of its earliest sanctuaries its ancient superiority in discipline and manners. The customs of the first ages, stamped indelibly on the walls of the catacombs, must have contributed to check the spirit of innovation soon observable throughout Christendom : the elements of a pure faith were written " with an iron pen, in the rock, for ever ; " and if the church of after-times had looked back to her subterranean home, " to the whole pit from whence she was digged," she would there have sought in vain for traces of forced celibacy, the invocation of saints, and the representation of Deity in painting or sculpture. Whatever dates may be attributed to other remains, this fact is certain, that the Lapidarian Gallery, arranged by the hands of the modern Romanists, contains no support whatever of the dogmas of the Council of Trent. Rest ing upon this distinction, virtually drawn by themselves, between what belongs to a pure age, and what to the times of innovation, we may safely refer to the latter a number of inscriptions of doubtful date, preserved in the vaults of St. Peter's, which contain prayers to the Virgin Mary, and other peculiarities of Romanist theology. The his tory of Christendom as well as that of art supplies the means of fixing the age of many such monuments; for in stance, the time of Vigilantius, when some bishops, moved by his arguments, refused to ordain unmarried deacons, cannot be confounded with an age in which the celibacy of the clergy became compulsory : nor can we easily mistake for the work of a century that knew only the sign of the cross in its simplest form of two straight lines, the wretched representation of the passion, in a crucifix the size of life, smeared with the imitation of blood, and surmounted by a crown of actual thorns.—Dr. Maitland's Church in the Catacombs:: AGRICULTURE AND THE FALL OF ROME.—SO general was the depopulation of the empire in the time of Justi nian, that it suggested to many of the emperors the pro ject of re-peopling those favoured districts by a fresh influx of inhabitants. " Justinian H. had a great taste for these emigrations. He transported half the popula tion of Cyprus to a new city near Cyzicns, called Justi nianopolis after its founder. But it was all in vain. The desolation and ruin of the provinces continued, and up to the very gates of Constantinople, which was maintained entirely by grain imported at a low price from Egypt, and cattle from the Tauric Chersonesue." As a natural consequence of this entire or principal dependence of Rome on foreign or provincial raising of grain, there was, on any interruption of these foreign supplies, the greatest scarcity and even famine in the metropolis. All the vigi lance of the emperors, which was constantly directed to this object, could not prevent this from taking place. Tacitus says, that in the scarcity under Claudius, there only remained a supply of fifteen days for the city. Fa mine in Rome was frequent under Augustus, Tiberius, Claudius, and Nero. Claudian laments, that after Egypt had been assigned to Constantinople, Rome bad come to derive its subsistence solely from Lybia, and depended on the double chances of the seasons and the winds. " Nunquam secura futurt, ---- Semper mops, ventique fidem poscebat et anni." " When Africa revolted under Gildo, in the reign of Honoring, Rome," says Gibbon, " was on the brink of starvation, from which she was only saved by large im portations from Gaul." She still depended on her pro vinces; domestic agriculture was ruined. Claudian re presents the genius of ancient Rome bewailing, in pathe tic and eloquent terms, her dependence for food on the nations she had conquered, in words which all govern ments rendering their people dependent on foreign sup plies would do well to bear in mind. " Formerly," says the poet, " my prayers used to be that my legions might triumph on the banks of the Araxes, or that the consul might display his eagles at Susa ; now all I ask is a sup ply of food to avert the extremities of hunger. Th e province of Africa, which furnishes corn to my people, i s under the power of Gildo. He intercepts our suppli es and our food is at his mercy. He sells the ha rvest s whiel: belong to the descendants of Romulus; he possesses th e fields purchased by my blood. The warrior people which conquered the world, now dishonoured and in want, en dures the miserable punishment of peace; blockaded by no enemy, they are like the inhabitants of a besieged town. Death impends at every moment; there remain only doubtful supplies for a few days. My greatness has been my ruin; I was safer when my territory was more fixated ; would that its boundaries were once more at my gates l But, if lam doomed to perish, at least let me have a different fate ; let me be conquered by another Porsenna; let my city be burnt by a secon d Bre nnus. All things are more tolerable than hunger."—Blackwood. SKETCH OF IBRAHIM PACHA. Ibrahim Pacha is the great lion of the day, and our contemporaries are hard at work in raking up every par ticular of his birth and parentage. Oa the first, the Observer throws great doubt, saying that it is really not known whether he is the son of the reigning Pacha or not ; or whether he is, according to Oriental custom, a son by adoption. An English author has stated that he is the son of Mehemet Ali's wife by a former husband ; but there appears to be no real foundation for this statement. His birth is supposed to have been in 1797. During the life time of Yussuff Pacha, his elder brother, but little atten tion was paid to him. In the East, as in England, elder brothers are more highly regarded than their younger brethren. Yussuff died in 1818, and the native energy of character of Ibrahim Pacha having then developed itself, he at once became the favourite son of the Pacha, and was by him adopted as a partner in the toils of state, and as his ultimate successor. His personal appearance would stamp him as the true son and representative of the great ruler of Egypt. In person and features he has a striking resemblance to his reputed sire. Stern and unbending to all others in the earlier part of their career, they were al ways, according to the report of every Eastern traveller, tender and devoted to each other ; and now that the harder traits in the characters of both have been modified and softened by time and circumstances, they display the same mutual affection. Ibrahim, in the most recent works on the East, is represented to be the model of re spect and attention in the presence of his father, and the old Pacha is said to indicate the same feelings of regard, and almost of fear, for the energetic character of his fiery son. Circumstances have endeared, and possibly rendered them indispensable, to each other. When the task of sup pressing the Greek insurrection was assigned to Mehemet Ali, and death had deprived that prince of his eldest son, who moreover was said to have been of a mild and gentle disposition unsuited to the purpose, no one seemed so fit to aid him as the ready and ruthless Ibrahim. He was accordingly at once dispatched, with the Captain Pacha, from Constantinople to the Morea with a powerful fleet ; and, though inferior in years, he soon proved himself to be, both in stratagem and action, superior in the cabinet as well as in the field. When the two admirals met at Marmorice, the Captain Pacha, who had previously been aft aid to expose himself alone to the Greek fleet in the Dardanelles, endeavoured to persuade Ibrahim to sail a!ong with him, and considerately proposed to him the honour of leading in the van. Ibrahim, however, who knew that the other loved him not, sagaciously inferred that where there is honour there must be danger too ; and when on inquiry he found that it was his own vessels that might be first exposed to the dreaded encounter of the Grecian fire-ships, he took precautions which at once re dounded to his own fame, and proved fatal to that of his opponent. lie acquiesced, or seemed to acquiesce; but instead of sailing direct upon the enemy's fleet, he weathered it, and proceeded in the first instance to Samos, and having taken this, he assailed the Greeks in rear, without encountering the slightest risk from their fire ships at the opposite extremity, and dispersed and de stroyed the whole, after one of the most decisive actions recorded in that long and disastrous warfare. His subsequent course and career in the Morea are well known ; and he must not be judged of according to our English notions of war. Massacre and devastation have always been associated with ideas of hostility in the East; and, rated by the Turkish standard, Ibrahim was was not a whit more sanguinary than every follower of Mabommed ; while his policy was often marked by fea tures of a better order. If any one could have restored the Morea to the Ottoman race, or reduced it to order at all, it would have been Ibrahim by his stern resolution and courageous conduct. But fate willed it otherwise and the allies interposed. The issue of the struggle is well known : the united British, French, and Russian fleets met in the Archipelago, and at Navarino crushed the Turko-Egyptian host. But, though defeated on this oc casion, Ibrahim lost no reputation. The fleet brought out against him was overwhelming, and commanded by officers against whom the followers of the crescent had never been able to make head. Throughout the action •his conduct was most courageous. During the whole of it he remained conspicuously on the poop of his ship, is suing orders with promptitude and calmness ; and when all was over be was found, by the British officer who boarded him, smoking his pipe with the same serenity. He had been defeated, but was not subdued; and had not the Ottoman Porte wisely seen the expediency of discon tinuing the struggle, doubtless he would have maintained it with the same imperturbable coolness while a ship or a gun remained. _ _ _ Syria was the next field of importance of Ibrahim's martial career ; and here he evinced, as a general, abilities still greater than those which had marked his conduct as a naval commander. The two services are, in modern days, deemed incompatible ; but it was not so in the older annals of English and European warfare, and it is not so at present in fhe Turkish system of hostilities. The leading Pasha there is still expected to take the command of the Sultan's forces by sea or land, or both, as occasion may require, as did our English commanders, Howard of Effingham, the Earl of Essex, Raleigh, Drake, &c., in the days of Elizabeth. But utility as well as custom seems in favour of the separation, and Ibrahim has un doubtedly shown greater abilities as general than as admiral. He has, to be sure, had inferior foes to contend with, or at least, has not had to encounter the disciplined forces of the East. But all reports concur in representing his campaign to have been very able, and the troops over which he triumphed were amongst the fiercest of the eastern population. France has long exhausted her strength against inferior forces in Africa, and Russia has for many years in vain attempted to put clown a similar race of men in Circassia; but Ibrahim. in two campaigns. completely accomplished his task. The battle of Nezib was memorable for its importance, as well as its sangui nary character; and for many years secured Syria to Mehemet Ali's sway, until the country was again torn from his grasp by the English, under Sir Charles Napier, at St. Jean d'Acre. His and his father's magnanimous conduct in allowing free transit to our Indian mail and passengers while we were dealing deadly blows at their power is well known, and has already called forth the strongest expressions of esteem and respect. In so far as regards his personal appearance, this very remarkable individual is no less striking than past events have entitled him to be considered. His age is said not to exceed fifty, but there is a general air of lassitude and of wear and tear, which bespeak either a more advanced period of life, or else that he has used the gifts of nature somewhat freely. FRENCH ETIQUETTE notices, what he considers a I great rudeness in us, of which many Englishmen, on their first arrival in France, are unconscious. The instance to which I allude is this : one man, accompanied by many others, meets a lady whom be knows, walking in the midst of a party, among whom are gentlemen with whom he has no acquaintance ; he bows to the lady, every gentleman on his side raises his hat. and every gentleman in her suite returns the salute. Nor is this etiquette limited to inter course with the fair sex ; the same courtesy is observed between groups of men ; a bow to one is a signal for a ge neral salute. Now John Bull, at first, under the circum stances st Ited, takes no notice of a raised hat that is not raised to himself individually ; and says to the ladies in his company afterwards, when they perhaps school him for his rudeness, " Why should I take off my hat, when they did not bow to me ?" Of course such a person is deemed a Me, in the first instance, by the Frenchmen. — Rambles in .Normandy, by James Hairly, M.D. TENDENCY OF A YANKEE SOLDIER TO DESERT. — The troops, being divided into small detachments under subordinate commands, have scarcely any opportunity of being instructed in field movements or the other duties of a camp, of which they rarely know anything. They neither have the gait nor possess the military esprit belonging to European troops, to assist them in the performance of their duties, or to reconcile them to the change and vicis situdes of a soldier's life. Desertions are, in consequence, very frequent; and, from the extensive field to which they can escape, a deserter is very seldom returned to his regiment. It is calculated that nearly one-half of the non commissioned officers and privates of the American army desert every year. There is even much difficulty in bring ing them up in the first instance. No sooner do they en list, which is often under some sudden chagrin or disap pointment, than they aie confined in one or other of the government forts, from where escape is almost impossi ble, until marched off, well watched and guarded, as so many convicts on their way to transportation, for the re sidue of the period for which they may have enlisted.— Wyse's America. IRELAND AND FREE TRADE.—The Morning Chroni cle, in reply to the splendid article in Blackwood's Ma gazine, tracing the causes of the "Fall of Rome," and showing that they are at work in the British empire, says that " Italy had no products, either natural or manufac tured, to exchange for the corn it consumed." On this the Cork Constitution pointedly says, " If this be the only answer, what is to be said with regard to Ireland What products has she ' to exchange for the corn she consumes ' ? And if there be here a point, not of dis tinction, but of resemblance. are we not in the predica ment which, as respects England, the Chronicle dis claims ? And how are we to escape the conclusion to which, on the Chronicle's own admission, the argument of Blackwood leads? England may be safe, because she has products, natural and manufactured, to exchange, and constantly have we said that for England we had neither care nor fear; but with regard to Ireland the case is dif ferent. She has a large population dependent, almost exclusively, on labour put forth on land, and if that la bour is to be superseded by the labour of the foreigner— if it is to be no longer employed in raising the corn con sumed in Ireland, in England and in Scotland, what is to become of the millions who derive subsistence from it? We know that, as many tell us, the land will not lie idle— that if it does not grow corn it will feed cattle : and how will that employ the people ? end how, without employ ment are they to make out life ? Does any one suppose, moreover, that, in the midst of a starving population, the cattle will be safe ? It will not do to tell them that bread will be cheap. Bread can never be cheap to those who have nothing to pay for it. The man of money may find it cheap, but it is not the man of money we are concerned for : it is the man who has but his head and hands to look to, and who asks but leave to live by the labour which Providence has made the condition of his lot. If this be insured him under the new Corn Bill, we shall be com paratively content—we say comparatively, for we fear that there are other classes who will suffer—suffer from no fault of their own, but from the circumstance of having their properties answerable for debts which they did not incur, and for provisions for relatives which, even where not dispioport:oned to the rental on which they were im posed, any considerable diminution in that rental would render them unable to meet. Such cases are not rare i❑ Ireland, sad though we cannot expect a statesman to al low them to interfere with a measure which he believes essential to the well-being of a country, it is not bv a Statesman who has always denounced that measure as de trimental, and who has led the country to believe that in him she had a security against its enactment—it is not by such a Statesman they ought to be disregarded." THE PREMIER'S REPLY TO LORD GEORGE BENTINCK. (From Sir Robert's Speech on Friday.) The attack of the noble lord was couched in these terms, " He said he was old enough to remember, and he remembered with deep and heartfelt sorrow, the time when the right hon. baronet (Sir R. Peel) chased and hunted to death an illustrious relative of his (Lord G. Bentinck's) on the ground that he could not support his administration, and who, although he had changed no opinion, was, from the situation he then held, likely to forward the settlement of the question of Catholic eman cipation. Such was the conduct of the right lion. baronet in 1827 ; but in 1829 he told the house that he had changed his opinions in 1825, and had communicated that change of opinion to Lord Liverpool. But that did not prevent him in 1827 from getting up in the house and stating that the reason he had separated himself from Mr. Canning's administration was that he could not consent to support a government of which the chief minister was favourable to the then measure, which it appeared afterwards in two years more he supported." The noble lord said he was old enough to remember these circumstances. No doubt he was old enough, for he was a member of the House of Commons at the time, and be heard all that passed. It is now nineteen years since these transactions occurred, and seventeen years since the speech referred to in 1829 was made. Now, sir, I must say that I do respect the feelings of a man who feels indignant at the conduct of another who has hunted and chased a relative of his to death—no doubt such feelings are to be respected in the highest degree; but bow comes it that, entertaining those feelings, for the first time I should have heard them ex pressed by the noble l'ird on the last night this measure was under discussion ? (Cheers.) Since the year 1835 I have been honoured by the noble lord's cordial, and I must add, by I believe his pure and disinterested support in this house. He has called me his right honourable friend (cheering), and yet he was cognisant of all that he stated on Monday night. The noble lord has been one of the united political party with which I generally act, and yet never until Monday, the Bth of June, 1846, did I harbour any suspicion of ithe feelings of the noble lord which he has thought proper to express with regard to my conduct in 1827 and 1829. I no w, sir, say, that the entertainment of those feelings by the noble lord would be highly honourable, and I should respect the noble lord for them if they were entertained apart from politics, and if they were founded on facts. The noble lord believes that I hunted and chased his noble relative to death ; but, sir, I cannot understand, that entertaining such feelings as those, the noble lord should have accepted me as his political leader for so many years, and called me his right hon. friend (cheers). I will now go on the assumption that all the noble lord's charges are founded on fact, and that I informed the Earl of Liverpool, in 1825, that my opinions on the Catholic question were changed. The gravamen of the noble lord's charge is, that I declined to act with Mr. Canning, as Secretary of State for the Home Department in 1827 ; but that in 1822, when I was about to propose the removal of the Roman Catholic disabilities, I then admitted that in 1825 my opinions on the question were changed. I am now, sir, about to prove that this charge is utterly without foundation. I made no declaration in 1825 that I did not make in 1827 in the presence of Mr. Canning; and I am surprised the noble lord should have made such a charge without ascertaining whether or not it was well grounded (hear, hear). That which I said in 1829 on the subject corresponded with that which I said in 1827 in the presence of 11Ir. Canning himself. It is more pain ful to me than it can be to any member of the house that I should have to trouble it with any explanation on per sonal matters , but I believe that there is no man among those even who cheered the remarks of the noble lord who will not willingly allow me to give that explanation (hear, hear). When speaking, on the Ist of May, 1827, —and those hon. gentlemen who do not rely on my state ment will find the whole of these matters reported in the debates of the Ist of May, 1827, and the 5t and 6th of May, 1829—1 stated that I accepted office, the office of Secretary of State for the Home Department, in the be ginning of the year 1822, and, in 1825, after I had been left in minorities on three different questions connected with Ireland, which were immediately in my department —I mean the Catholic Relief Bill, the Franchise . Bill, and the Bill for the Payment of the Catholic Clergy—l waited on the Earl of Liverpool, and told him that it was painful for me to dissever myself from those with whom I usually acted, but that, having been left in minority on those three occasions, I was anxious to be relieved from my situation. My noble friend upon that occasion requested that I should retain office, as upon my retirement, he said, his own depended, and, on his solicitation, I consented to re main in office until a new parliament could have deter mined upon these questions. That declaration was made by me in 1825, when I was responsible for the govern ment of Ireland, and was the only minister in the House of Commons who was opposed to the Catholic claims. The opposition was so strong, that my situation became intolerable, and I wished to resign it. Mr. Canning spoke afterwards, and said he should confirm the greater part of the speech I made, and bore testimony to the wish of himself and myself to keep up the friendship we had formed. But he said that from the beginning of the discussion of the measures under consideration at the time, both of us foresaw that it must terminate in a sepa ration which he hoped to God would be only for a time. What took place in 1828? In the month of January in that year, the Duke of Wellington was called to power, and a proposal was made to the friends of Mr. Canning, as faithful and attached friends as the noble lord himself, to give their support to the noble duke's administra tion. Did they refuse to co-operate? (Cheers.) Mr. Huskisson, Mr. Grant, and the present Lord Melbourne. made no objection on account of prevtous transactions in Mr. Canning's lifetime, and within four or five months after his death, to give their support to an administration of which I was a member. (Hear, hear.) The gallant, honourable, and chivalrous Marquis of Anglesea hesitated not at the same time to take the government of Ireland into his hands. (Hear.) The charge made by the noble member for Lynn, that in 1829 I avowed a change of opi nion in 1825, which opinion in 1827 I concealed, is utterly and entirely destitute of foundation. (Cheers.) I fore saw the difficulties which would result from the course of policy her Majesty's government had pursued; but ne vertheless, considering that the public interests required an adjustment of our commercial system, I hesitated not to propose the change. (Cheers.) 1 foresaw the conse quence of our acts, and felt that they would probably lead to the extinction of political power, and the abatement or extinction of private friendship. But it is for the house to judge of the reasons for cur undertaking those mea sures. (Hear.) But that we have been influenced by any impure or dishonourable motives—that I wished so to fortify my power, or that I was influenced by any desire to court popularity, or to gain distinction or advantage of any kind—l declare that such an imputation to me of mo tives so base would be as foul a calumny as a vindictive spirit ever dictated for the destruction of a public man. (Cheers.) SPO It TING INTELLIGENCE. ASCOT HEATH RACES. The GOLD VASE given by her Majesty, added to a Sweepstakes of 20 sovs. each, 110 subs., won somewhat easily by two lengths, by Mr. T. Dawson's Grimston (Lye), Coranna second, Khondoor third, and Mr Merry's c. by Don John fourth. Romance, Burgundy, and Wood Pigeon also ran. SWEEPSTAKES of 100 sovs. each, won by a length by Lord Chesterfield's Arkwright (Nat), Binnacle second, Turpin third, and the Crown Prince fourth. SWEEPSTAKES of 50 sovs. each, won by a length by Lord Exeter's c. by Hetman Platoff (Mann), Lord Ches terfield's c by Don John second, Marmillio third, and Field Mouse fourth. The ROYAL HUNT CUP, value 200 sous., by subscrip tion of 10 sous. each, with 100 added, won by a length by Mr. W. S. Stanley's Leaconfield (Carter), Ironmaster second, and Colleen Bawn third. The Cure, Lightning, Evenus, Aristotle, Wood Pigeon, The Devil-to-pay, Mr. Godwin's g. by Advocate, Beaumont, Queen Pomare, Mr. Thompson's m. by Monarch, Sir S. Sprigg's f. by Sir Hercules, Rowland Hill, Gannet, Young Eclipse, Mr. Mostyn's c. by Phoenix, Nell Cook, Farthing Can dle,. and Regalia, also ran. The CORONATION SPARES of 100 BOYS. each, won easily by two lengths by Mr. Ford's Guaraclia (J. How lett), Taurina second, Ellipsis third, Dawdle fourth, and Birthday fifth. On Thursday, being " Cup day," the course was crowded, notwithstanding the absence of her Majesty and Prince Albert. However, there was a novelty in the presence of Ibrahim Pasha, who arrived at one o'clock, with his suite, in three of the Royal carriages. the sports commenced with the race for • HER MAJESTY'S PLATE of 100 guineas, which was won by Mr. J. Drake's Bold Archer (Abdale), beating Mr. Onslow's Ruff by a length. The ST. JAMES'S PALACE STAKES of 100 sovs. each, won by Lord Chesterfield's The Free Lance (Nat), beat ing Sir R. W. Bulkeley's Joinville and Lord G. Ben tinck's Binnacle. The EMPEROR or RUSSIA'S CUP, value 500 soya., added to a Sweepstakes of 20 sovs. each, 23 subs., won easily by a length by Mr. Greville's Alarm (Nat), Jericho second, and Wolfdog third. Corranna, Forward, c. by Don John, Peri, Inheritress, Mentor, The Baron, Miss Sarah, Kesheng, and Orlando, also ran. Betting :-3 to 1 agst Alarm, 9 to 2 agst Wolfdog, 11 to 2 agst Jericho, 7 to 1 agst Orlando, 8 to 1 each agst Miss Sarah and The Baron, and 18 to 1 agst Corranna. The VISITORS' PLATE of 100 soya., won by Count Bathayany's Gannet (J. Prince), Auld Lang Syne second. The following also started :—lntrepid, The Conjuror, Queen Pomare, Leaconfield, Bold Atelier, Snake, Leba non, Regalia, and Red Leg. THREE HUNDRED SOVEREIGNS, the gift of the Great Western Railway Company, added to a Handicap Sweep stakes of 10 sovs. each, 49 subs., won by Mr. Meiklam's Lightning (Cartwright), Beaumont second. Nineteen others also started. Betting :-3 to 1 agst Rowena, 8 to 1 agst Curiosity, 10 to 1 each agst Lightning, Chertsey, and The Mangler, 12 to 1 agst Colleen Bawn, 15 to 1 agst Sister to Pergularia, and Hi to 1 agst Akbar. Pineapple was first off, but in a few strides gave up the lead to Col leen Bawn, and followed him in company with Rowena to the turn. Rowena here showed in front, but was im mediately headed by Beaumont, who carried the running on to the stand. Lightning, who had always lain well up in the second ruck, now went in front, increased his speed every stride, and won by a couple of lengths, Aristotle a good third, and Akbar fourth. SWEEPSTAKES of 300 sovs. each, 100 ft., 4 subs., won in a canter by the Duke of Bedford's Leopard (Robinson), beating Mr. Walker's Fuzbos. 3 and 4tol on Leopard. DREADFUL DEATH.—At the Manchester hurdle race, Byrne, the steeple-chase rider, was killed. A flight of hurdles was placed at the foot of the hill, which, for a part of the run in, is frightfully steep. Nine horses came down the hill at an awful pace ; the leading horse fell over the leap, and down went both horse and rider ; the next horse leaped right upon them, and also the following horses, planting their hoofs on Byrne's head and chest. He died soon aft,or. June 16, 1846. THE COURT 4- FASHIONABLE WORLD. The Queen and Prince Albert drove out in an open car riage and four on Saturday. This was her Majesty's first appearance in public since her accouchement. The names fixed upon by her Majesty for the youthful Princess are " Helena Augusta Victoria," the sponsors being the Duchess of Orleans, the Duchess of Cambridge, and the Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg Strelitz. The Duchess of Orleans is a near relative of Prince Al bert, and, as a Protestant, is the only member of the French Royal Family who could perform the duties of sponsor to an offspring of our Royal House. The Queen Dowager will leave England for Germany to-day. The Grand Duke Constantine of Russia arrived on Tuesday in Portsmouth. He is about nineteen. Prince Albert honoured the Benchers of Lincoln's-inn with his company at dinner, on Wednesday, at their new hail. It is Prince Albert of Prussia, and not. as stated in the German papers, the consort of Queen Victoria, who is expected at St. Petersburgh. _ The King of Saxony has conferred on Mr. Colguhoun the rank of Commander of the Civil Order of Merit of Saxony. The Countess de Han Han, the celebrated . German novelist, has arrived in London, and was at the assembly given by the Duke of Devonshire on Saturday night. On Wednesday, the marriage of the Duke of Marlbo rough and the Hon. Charlotte Augusta Flower, youngest daughter of Viscount Ashbrook, was solemnised at Lam bash Palace by spacial license. Viscountesi' Ilardinge,accompanied by the Hon. Miss Hardinge and Major and the Hon. Mrs. Cunningham, has arrived in town from Nice. Her ladyship has been in Italy and Switzerland ever since the departure of the Governor-General for India. It was her ladyship's in tention to have gone to India by the overland route • but after a few days at sea it was evident that her health would not admit of so great an effort. IBRAHIM PACIIA.—His highness left Portsmouth for London, on Monday morning, and arrived at Mivart's Ho tel at noon. He took a carriage drive late in the evening to Regent's Park, where the Pacha alighted from his car riage, and walked some distance in the enjoyment of his cigar. On Tuesday morning he proceeded early to Buc kingham Palace, and afterwards attended a grand inspec tion of the guards, accompanied by Prince Albert, the Duke of Wellington, Prince George of Cambridge, and a vast number of the nobility. The Pacha, in returning from the parade, was cordially cheered by the populace. His highness was occupied in various ways during the day, and at night attended a grand assembly at Lady Peel's. On Wednesday, his highness visited the tower, the bank, the mint, and numerous other national edifices and insti tutions. On Thursday he paid a visit to Ascot Heath races with a gorgeous retinue, and conducted by the mas ter of her Majesty's household. He has since been visit ing other places. We understand bis Highness's suite intend to leave for a tour in the provinces and the High lands of Scotland towards the close of this week. LONDON G.IZETTI -TUESDAY, JUNE 9. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED - . W. L. and J. W. Lewis, Stroud, Gloncestershire, mercers — J. and W. H. Evans, Bath, surgeons—G. Smith, sen. A. Elder, and P. Stewart, Cornhill, boolcseller—A. Nicklin, and E. Forster, Wolverhampton, brush manufacturers—J. and G. Gay, Queen-street-place, Southwark Bridge, merchants—J. Shoolbred, G. Cook and H. Brown, Tottenham-court-road, Lon don. as far as regards G. Cook—J. and E. Grisbrook; Wool wich—J. G. Turner and W. Price, Leeds, stockbrokers—G. H. Newton and H. Peck, Kingston-upon-Hull,cement rnanufac ttu ers—R. Hyslop and J. Dubois, Gosport, carriers—J. Ridg way and J. Tayl,r, Staylybridge, Cheshire, corn dealersl-A. Tagliabue and F. Ciceri, Brook-street, Holborn, barometer manufacturers—W. George and J. Schewring, West Bromwich- Staffordshire, porter dealers—H. Bury and J. P. Crewe, Accrings ton, Lancashire, engineers—T. and W. Birtwisle, J. Haydock, and W. Preston, Great Harwood, Lancashire, cotton-spinner, —G. Long and G. Taylor, Stafford, auctioneers—J. T. Holland and T. Cross, Coventry, railway contractors—J. Imray and W. Fitch, Old Fish-street-hill, London, wholesale-stationers—J. Jesse and W. Bevan, Manchester, surgeons—E. Brown and G. Trafford, Louth, Lincolnshire, carriers—J. Catchoole and C. Williams, Regent-street, goldsmiths. .OANKRUPTS John Gisborne, Coleman-street, London, merchant. John Richard Miskin, Chatham, tea dealer. Jesse Smith, Wellington-street, Newington•causeway, Lon don, cheesemonger. Edward Weeks, King's-road, Chelsea, hothouse-builder. John Wright, Oxford street, London, druggist. John Child, Wakefield, grocer. Charles Gallimore, Birmingham, pearl button-m a k er . Frances Freeman Phillips, Bristol, coach maker. John Scott, Sheffield, flour dealer. Frederick Sly, Truro, currier. DIVIDENDS June 30, W. W. Sanderson, Great Russell-street, Covent. garden, London, baker—June3o, J C. Adams, Basinghall-street, London, woollen-warehouseman—June 30, J. Mann, Norwich, woolstapler —June 30, T. Streeter, High-street, Camden-Town, draper—June 30. H. Turner, Theobald's-road, London, cow keeper—June 30, J. Rowles, Lei-ester, worsted manufacturer. CERTIFICATES To be granted, unless cause be shown to the contrary oil the day of meeting. June 30, J. Kircup, Rotherhithe, coal merchant—June 30, Wilson, Bury-street, Chelsea, cabinet maker—July 8, J. Tebbntt• Cambridge, auctioneer—June 30, F. J. and W. H. Ablett, High Holborn, drapers July 1, B. M. Ryder, Kingston-upon-Hull. grocer—July 3, B. Sayle, Sheffield, ironmaster—June 30, 0. Hall, Smalesmouth, Northumberland, cattle dealer—June 3 0 . G. Williams, Bristol, watchmaker—June 3 , R. Goodridget Exeter, baker—June 30, J. Johns, Grosvenor-street West. Piro lico, cook—June 3.), E. and T. Ralph, Shepherd's-court, Upper Brook-street, Grosvenor-square, London, builders—June 30, S. Ellis, Houndsditch, brassfounder—June 30, G. Brown, Shirt' nal, Shropshire. banker. PROM THE LONDON GAZETTE OF FRIDAY. PA RTNERS HIPS DISSOLVED. H. Palmer and W. L. 011ard, Upwell, Cambridgeshire, attor; neys—W. Star and J. Benstead, Church-street, Lisson-grove, London—J. Faning and J. Heyworth, Plymouth. stationers-- M, Wiseman and T. Cole, High-street, Kensington, coach makers—W. Warwicker and T. C. Golland, Cambridge, col lege drapers—M. and E. H. Matthews, Bristol, printers—W. M'Lean and A. Dinweodie, Manchester, stockbrokers. DECLARATIONS OF DIVIDENDS, P. Owen, Liverpool, m'ller—first dividend of 3s. in the pound. Wednesday, June 17, or any subsequent Monday, at the office of Mr. Morgan, Liverpool. J. Martin, Wood-street. Cheapside, fringe-manufacturer. G. Goddard, Leicester, tea dealer. T. Mair, Broad-street-buildings, London, merchant, T. and W. B. Upton. Leeds, flax spinners. J. Clough, Huddersfield, chemist. R. Edwards, Huddersfield. woollen-draper. • J. Roberts, Darwen-hall, Denbighshire, farmer. J. Mallileu, Sowerby, Yorkshire, cotton spinner. W. Houghton, Birmingham. builder. G. James, Leamington Priors, drapers. R. Wei r, Beamister, Dorsetshire, auctioneer. J. Austen, Devonport, draper. BANKRUPTS. a C t l Clark, Liverpool, Liverpool Districtt he dealer, coui t June o f 22, Bankruptcy; July 21 i ll , c o it cD o lo r a s cv , kil Messrs. Johnson and Co., Temple, London, and Grocott. Liverpool ; official assignee, Mr. Bird, Liverpool. John Compton Hill, Reading, Berkshire, grocer, John Wyatt, Ockham, Surrey, common brewer. Charles Benns, Winchester, miller. - William Hart, Whitechapel, High-street, London, hat Plalig. facturer John Bedford Pim and Charles Payne, Mausfield-street' . . Borough-road, paper makers. Thomas Simmons, Woodburn, Bucks, corn merchant. ~d James Stavely, Manchester, dealer in printed calicoes a'' flannels Charles Fox, Kingston-upon-Hull, victualler. James Holt, Castle Donington, Leicestershire, glove Ma °. facturer. builder—JulyE N D S . July 51, J. Jay, London - wall, , - W. G. nciggsriants Taylor, and W. Shand, jun., Great Winchester-street, mere July 6, G. Boggs, Great Winchester-streett merchant —July 2. R. Headington, Bath, laceman—July 3, 0. ,;oches, Holyhear!. linen draper—July 3, W. G. Taylor and E. Guy, Liverpool. hosiers—July 3, G. P. Payne. Liverpool, dealer in optical in. 6. struments—July 7, J. Blundell, Wigan, pawnbroker — July 81 J Nicholson, Blackburn, linen draper—July 7, C. Reesey, Stain' ford. miller—July 7, W. Hoare, Alstonefield. staffordshiset apothecary CERTIFICATES J. S . Gregson, Manchester, grocer 0, Huddersfield, chemist and druggist—Jell c nid a vad u eyrr s ap e opofeo b rml e 7 s comr h u o m. n w rgi ni ds o ii on ntgh, agent—Jul Hughes, ycoon:011: T m37 o auji b .hul e yfeda g rssic,:tatuujingro. manufacturer — J a il , Hecj u ar,uld n odj,f l yd e tl ie.3 s nr s o . Hutchinson, Bradford, Yorkshire, stockbroker—July 3, T. ton, Leeds, flax spinner —July 3, T . K . R ow b ot h am Huddel'' field, book-keeper. MANCIIEST: STATE OF TRADE —Owing to the causes re _f la st, .rred to in ou r ',a --.. s ..ins week, either in goods or Yarhs• sd , feeling that the Corn Bill mus t pass the Lords, has giv"eijcer ditional confidence to the manufacturers, who, in cousal" require higher prices. s fer ROCHDALR.—On, account of the h o lid a y s l as t week, f e . 0 goods were offered for sale on Monday. There was a ve% po attendance of buyers, and little business done. Ther e • • --- little has been do change in t LEEDS.— Wool market, ---•- - - of 1 he rumours of a pending defeat and rcsign ati o leP the Ministers has had some influence on our markets &is the m both merchants and manufacturers fearing to speculate hi ti l t slightest degree—the one in the purchase and the other, rba, production of Woollens. We have, therefore, to repo; 00 but little business has been done both in the Cloth t 4 ever' the warehouses since our last pub:ication. Stocks, b a , i licea' remain but low, and hopfs of a good autumn trade s' A Unite to be entertained. l ite' o p p r e e r s a e t n i o t n s. wants, Th e r e whichis no are cha n v g e e r is l ir ' b e' BRADFORD.—The business doing in Wools 5t i1 1,,,,e5 .hef The spinners show no disposition to extend their purc`', to „wet ntia v 6 diminished consumption. The demand for Yarns cu - e stea rd y in sm th a e ll, (Nin—b steady, but no increase in price to induce the spinners t° d - e fr ° "ii p i ec e tr_ ... a e t,s ,r a what we noted last week The prospect of an early ba , fa fOl , speedy settlement of the Corn Bill, are looked upon as IC Y their n d able to a progressive improvement. s hic ' but a west HUDDE RSFIELD.—We have no change to report. t he _,- e st market here on Tuesday. The general talk during ', r r o has been on the anticipated change of the GovernMeco"d,t/l,eoo of the mercantile classes, with the:exception of her oPiSe'rS. a violent partisan of the Whig school of polttics, 'se ts el esib th at that a ministry without Sir Robert Peel as one of i o ld de if not its leader, would fail to secure public conficlene e t o til whatever change comes must be worse for the ge e 0 ,6 and prosperity of the country. ar iatio n ' HALIPAX.—In the price of Wool there is no v to cia9 , th oo prices of both Pieces and Yarn remain firm. Oil 59 o ur, Hall exhibited some animation amongst buyers gen e . s . t he are looking out for goods suitable for the season. _ e d vilt l Leell LEICESTER —The Whitsun holidays have interfeLving ?eta usual course of business, the mills and warehouses I r . wep s des partially closed during the first few days tif the W e a c n ionan. P g to of some considerable orders for goods for the it. Ovrl 3 , 17 0 , having been contracted for, as we stated last vre c ods c rated the opinion of dealers that worsted and woollen Bade, vin...te. better bought now than they will be in the season _, lowe st 1, 0 0 yarns are generally advanced id per lb. from th ar e s ' firr ll :o;et• current a few weeks since. English Wool s . 0 the r i :S e s P I wether skin wools are by no means plentift?l! late s St Fine colonial wools went rather lower at the i ll e London. v as d o A olli st kinds , I , stu"' et the end of last week in fini-hed goods of mo out of Tong , s to I, . 1, fancies of fresh patterns. Replacing these its the re i d, .1•P NOTTINGRAM.—A moderate amount of busines. espe'-,." liS is all that is doing with the makers of gocT s, L ied delot! a i.etor f ; aspect of public affairs is generally felt here .. s __ th e otn., e est and so far as trade is concerned, neutrasll v,'„ .. 0 0d P . .`,,. r i fO r , cheering effect of the weather, and promise?:;,; dear., 10; no increase of confidence in prices, or contitno be unsatisnook Our fine Yarns and Cops maintain their price , odoo ,llvr t N e fl oo warps, &c., for Bradford, Coventry, and L is so trl acis stte o loo the continent, being very good. Nothing , , res tec ~,,,s c h sired as a lessened supply of lace goods o , tl e " ; : ,,, g lisll . ....the ea to pattern and quality on the part r . .:',: "randy for owner ; these comnined, will alone Pro" " isting difficulties of our trade.