The Northern Daily Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-12-12 00:00:00

ICATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE EAST. CONSTANTINOPLE Herat has surren dered to the Persian G e n eral ,M. karat Chafe n thephe Englis . h troops have already begun to operate in ersian Gulf• SWITZERLAND. to:rdabe CAS ti SEL, DEC ti . 9. dis cussion on the C o nstituon was continued ag ree , i n both Ch am b ers. Th e two Ch am b ers are ' mir . upon di m i nishing as much as possible the legis s etates, Power of th e El ector, an d g i v i ng i t entirely to the D EIGN INTELLIGENCE FRANCE. A most PARIS, TUESDAY EVENING. Ste important telegraphic despatch has, I informed on good authority, this afternoon reachedr ev . the government. It announces that at ~,a , iit t ie W held yesterday at Naples, a soldier hiaTPted to assassinate the King by plunging to i n 2onet into him, but that he only succeeded Itiod - r. ‘ le ting a slight wound. The man was im given-14* arrested. No details of the affair are vie s °ll e other hand the ordinary telegraphic thatitethhes dated from Naples, Sunday, say to ta t he insurrection in Sicily had been chi ef put down, that Baron Bentivenga, the P a l er °f it, had been made prisoner, and that hor n in n ! wad tranquil ; but these, no doubt, came f,rok k it ' t ge Neapolitan government. A despatch 13 ei4„ - I"sina of the 6th says, that muskets were e,bicialidestinely embarked on the coast of Sicily. har._"ll,Btatitinople letters to the Ist have reached it C il les to-day. The Journal of that city, which 1104 or gan of the English Embassy, had an- Niiiped that Bolgrad and the Isle of Serpents Probably be given up to the Porte, but that h e s i', 4 would obtain an indemnity in territory. cabinet was considered to be firmly Aeh r l n -e d. The English legati o n had left er tn e „ -8 11 . The capture of H era t i s p os itively er a i' ll eed, but it was considered doubtful. The Very a i t . l „ . • a mbassador, ,Ferouk Khan, would, it was 1 1° Ple 14 ; eI Y, remain some months at Constanti 11',"118teaii of coming at once to Paris, as the 1 1: 418 ""id was probable. The reason . assigned - 40 i p, " ;delay was, that his negociations with 7 1 „g l i 8 h ambassador would take up more Frob", all had been expected, but is it not more te e - 01t li that th e F renc h G overnm ent, fearing to ' i L ar li a - io . "gland, is not so anxious to receive her as V; to.4:,,,uave no domestic news of interest stirring the - I,•f' You may remember that some time ago e -11aPeror caused his newly born child to be _ .8 4% , e .„ct on the roll of the Ist regiment of grena treu:'• Yesterday a deputation of the regiment was ..tire, -I :Td at the Tuileres by the Emperor and Em faii";;,.‘° present an address on the occasion; it was t he Most disgusting a dulation . The official s kte • ur of this morning gravely gives an account 'al 'N. tomfoolery, and calls the baby-prince the T ll la e e w e°l nrarle" of the soldiers. hotwitPatrie expresses the opinion that has ,"-IBtandi ng the permiss i on the English fleet Ivint ta ined from the Porte to winter at Sinope, it Zom e n ' t ire afte r th e conc l us i on o f th e a pp roac hi ng s v rin -tene es, and that the Austrians will quit the Paliti4.lls Bourse has again been feeble tosday, tot7°lll a nother source we have obtained the fol- IA& dated The PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING. Z iir. lll4 lollr of the attempt on the life of the d;ky''', (ll Naples, mentioned in my letter of yester : k:h e d eg l ot so unfounded as I was led to suppose. 'lat e appears to have been received at a Ofa c ' e llr the night before last at the Foreign e c , 4l e; the only person, I am told, to whom it was hrycillittuicated was the Russian Ambassador, who, tth i e llbt, by accident, had lingered the last at the 14041teria l reception. The Muscovite, with a thi ' : 4l / 1 ° zeal which many vrould rejoice to see Pr4 4 , 4 te i d , communicated it directly to the Nord, o f l et ve - k e i le • The despatch, though proceeding (as Naples Said) from the Spanish Ambassa d or . ma ' l3l. e's to his Government, was not received in • e L ir'e trith,;" at the Embassy in Paris, and was not ‘14*41 - (4tlieat ed to any of the Ministerial papers , a Th e ` lo abt through forgetfulness. int ern details vary a little, but the ma in fact of an t Nsa Pt " the King is officially announced. n .41tale Qe says that a musket shot was fired at hi s k'ee e • i 4l 3' during a review ; another, that the King late: e 4 cl , a bayonet stab in the shoulder. One d "n th - ,""t the soldier (a Chasseur) was massacre kerd ellot by his comrades ; another makes no elia l t of this fact, but adds that the scratch was 44 13 tir t as not to prevent the King from continu.m f . the b ? review. Some suspect that the hand o ,- ,4 4 ° ,,„ ace may be detected in the whole affair. defe nc e of Naples, a work, purporting to bea 13 , 1 44 1 ? ef the King's policy throughout, will be • aro,.;t r e here tomorrow. The author is the e latt: 4e ,Pud i rlervey Saint-Denis. It will form a Rev oVer 400 pages. It takes a rapid view of b '` e vel -)ro m the commencement of the first Fre d n . c 1041E41410n, to the latest date ; the rupture of ip the p c relations with the Allies, and the recall . of 'k e q o re rleh and English Ministers. Respecting Thy 44 stitution of 1848, the author says : : Y eUte K ing could abrogate that instrument after h tte t veo i f , the 1 5th May yet he merely suspended it ; _ ti vetyb 44elaad re - established it, it would not have satisfied atcl/41T. The revolutionary party comprised all shades l itt lib era] ern The Constitutionalists alone are subdivided l ,ItnYalreB as follows :_ The purely and simply Constitutiona l r Who demand a new trial of the Parliamentary pT h ‘o unfo rtunate in its working in 1848 and 184 9 . dep e e a Feder a li st Constitutional Royalists, who desire , -•ali 11 u-elitl Y of the Constitutional regime, a system of 1 41, .I, e nfederation s imilar to the Germanic Confedera ::. T h 7e B e last dema nd the abdication of King Ferdinand 1 „ la the B f rom hpa ty of which Poerio is the chief, ° ti cleroji a l t n jiC passed'the c am of the Unitarians to the ji t t tl i i t T y ll o e f wtrb.nhiot_arian C . onstitutional Royalfsts, the great ma- NJ. one iu are in Sicily, and who pretend to make of glaia ° Kingdom under the sceptre of the King of t b llt iottal eil e mu the two shades of the Republican Constis 'ede r i ; Party, who also have their Unitarians and their t t i ll ic .api l a r B . The Mazzinians or Red Republicans, very they di in s o n Italy, are almost all Unitarians, though „." pir i : r ae point of their programme. h'ueZt, Pe ' r u di na e n e p i e,ut, to measures toof clemency, we have sea ; but knew how gra nt them with a liberal the example of 1830, that th e "nald w i s c; may. o suppose f ro m th 44 l) . re gent 84 % roefseerffveirto'himself the initiative, and that will not hasten the concession of 1111irpolcietio4ihi:tseobl!etvveteievne i t zt a e er K s v i e n n g tion of the French and English of Naples and his peoplehas „ e , t) nee a c il:, Much astonishment in Europe. That England, . her ambitious views under the mask of humanity, etie ou ; seek t o A et, gain ossession of Sicily, and for that object 11111113' s a n g the revolutionary party, is quite natural, and is at thl,.ll3tent with the traditions of the Foreign O ffi ce. Prance should believe she had the same interest as iZt ß f n " in such circumstances, and that she should think ; 41 1 3 0 - 11" e i ell a foreig power in a dangerous path, seems i b °lll e to eompreh n d unless we suppose that there is f e " a s ii po lli bl i s e ‘e e rj e. in . thi' s complicated question which escapes nto do not attempt to lift the veil. It would I~Vhground too dangerous." 3ili t'" en it was first ascertained beyond the possi iortrij 01 doubt that the Congress in a modified 4 1 ,ectith, W°111 d resume its sittings in Pa ris, to that on the points of discussion between glat French an d the a lli es , it was confidently affirmedaffirmed ted t h e t F Government ' had at last adop fro tti -e views of England, and yielded either tu a i n convon or frm a since desire to th., 3 ~,t ai n the alliance intact. This appeared Ren e . " °r e Probable as it was known, or at least no deafly believed, that the English Cabinet had in ti on % re .,, e r modified its opinion on the main ques a so 'C li g u that its consenting to the Conference was 11 ,„- n ot * C ompromise on a question of form , but did the any real change. Since then, however, — "ers both in the French and Belgian pres h s e , P re ci n ar h e belived to receive the inspirations of t ' °l'aign-offiee, have been loud in their THE NORTHERN TIMES.---LIVERPOOL, FRIDAY. declarations that France still maintains her original views, and still admits the justice of the demands of Russia ; and that the epresentatives of the Powers, who are expected to complete the work which the last congress left imperfect, will come to the examination of the points at issue in the full independence of their respective opinions. to the meantime those who are on the watch for any inci dent which is likely to disturb the good under standing between the two countries, spare nothing to envenom the feelings on both sides. In the coteries where the course of political events is watched with untiring assiduity in order to turn to account every accident likely to promote their views, various explanations are given for the change of feeling between the allies. On the one hadd, we are told of some secret understanding between England and Austria, in which France has no participation whatever; on the other, of the discovery by the English Government of an important correspondence said to have been carried on between high personages here and the Court of St. Petersburg relative to a close alliance between France and Russia, and from the present and prospective advantages of which England was to be excluded. More than one foreign Minister accredited to the 'English Court is said to have recently informed his Government of these facts, as also that copies of the alleged corre spondence between Paris and St. Petersburg are actually in the hands of our Government, and that the feeling entertained by it towards the Emperor of th French was far different from that which existed only twelve months ago. I know, however, sufficient of the means generally employed by the coteries to break tip the alliance between France and England to maita:me suspicious of the truth of such stories. Before any one anticipated that the day would come when the French and English armies would meet on the same battle ground against a common enemy, these politicians ' did their utmost to reduce France to isolation in Europe, so long as any one else, no matter who, occupied the place of either of the dethroned dynasties. They were disappointed in their object, but they have not been discouraged, and the limi tation question was too good an opportunity not to begin their work again. Whether the mysterious correspondence between Paris and St. Petersburg alluded to has ever existed, or whether any members of our Govenment have expressed those strong opinions about the Emperor, or about France, I much doubt ; but it is certain that the subject has been much talked of, and that it is traced to the source I have already alluded. This is not all. When it was found that England was disposed to maintain her construction of the 20th article of the Paris treaty, and that Russia appeared equally inflexible, a compromise was said to have been proposed by the Emperor Napoleon. The proposal was that the Cabinet of St. Peters- burg should . yield on the question of Belgrad, arid that whatever loss was incurred thereby should be made up by the abandonment to Russia of a portion of the, Bessarabian territory which the treaty f.s,f Paris had assigned to Moldavia, and that an equivalent for Bolgrad the lino of limitation should pass nearer to the former frontier than the Congress decided, Russia, after some hesitation, but on the assurance that the Emperor undertook to induce England to agree to that sacrifice of ter ritory, consented. The story runs that it was then proposed to the English Cabinet, but rejected peremptorily, on the ground that such a measure would be nothing more or less than a revision of the treaty. The matter was allowed to drop for some time, but was recently repeated, and, I presume, again rejected. The selection of the diplomatists who are to meet in Congress is another question, which, on the same authority, has led to some interchange of communications between the Governments. The English Cabinet is said to demand that the Con gress shall be formed of the second Plenipoten tiaries only. This plan would require a new Presi dent. During the last Congress Count Walewski presided at the deliberations. In the present instance another person would probably have to be selected. Among the diplomatists are persons of the rank only of Ministers Plenipotentiary, and others of that of Ambassador. The senior among the whole corps would naturally be the party selected ; but is the senior to be taken from the secondary or the primary order ? Probably from the primary, and of this class the English ambassador is the senior ; of the former. I believe, M. Hatzfeld, whose title of ambassador is only very recent. The precedence and etiquette ob• served among diplomatists is regulated in the 17th Annex of the treaty of Vienna, and the 3d article specifies that " diplomatic characters charged with any special mission shall not, on that account, assume any superiority of rank." What, it is asked, would be the effect of the English ambas sador presiding at the Conferences instead of the Minister of Foreign Affairs ; would it be followed by the resignation of that Minister ? A telegraphic despatch from Friburg, Switzer land, dated yesterday, says, on the subject of the elections now taking place for the renewal of the Grand Council. " the Conservatives are full of hope. Yesterday, at mid day, they were gaining ground in the town of Friburg. It was apprehended that disorders would break out. Disturbances had taken place at Estavayer." The statement which the Federal Government of Switzerland has just addressed to the various European Powers on the Neuchatel question is of great length, and is preceded by an introduction in which the creation of the canton principality of Neuchatel in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna is declared to be incontestably one of the least rational acts of that period, since the co-existence of two opposite principles was certain, within a given period, to lead to the annihilation of one of them. As none of the political parties existing in the country had obtained satisfaction, disputes were sure to arise as the necessary consequence of so anormal a situation. Accordingly, in 1848, the political transformation of Neu chatel, so long foreseeen, took place without effort and without resistance. In Switzerland, the document declares, a universal burst of joy hailed that event, which, by putting aside from the common country every foreign element, established in it an entire homogeneity. Europe felt no aston ishment at what had taken place, and was not dis turbed by the act. Some complaints, in certain public journals, found a feeble echo in a protest from the King of Prussia, followed by a declaration in which he authorised his former subjects to take part in public affairs, and announcing that he would send some commissioners to treat with the Federal Government. A constitution, assimilating the in stitutions of the canton of Neuchatel to those of all the other States of the Confederation, was sub mitted to the vote of the people, accepted by it, and guaranteed by a unanimous vote of the Federal Diet. Everything went on most smoothly and pros perously for four years, and the annexation of Neuchatel to the Swiss Confederation appeared a fait accompli, when, all at once, it was announced that in May, 1852, on the reiterated representations of Prussia, a protocol relative to Neuchatel was signed at London by the five great PoNs ers. From that moment nothing further appeared to have been done in the question, until the plenipotentiary of Prussia at the Congress of Paris endeavoured to introduce the question there. As, however, the minutes of the sittings do not make any mention of deliberation with respect to Neuchatel, it is to be inferred that the wishes of the Prussian repre sentative were not attended to. Next took place, on the 3rd September, 1850, a rising of the Royalist party in the Canton, and the object of that move ment could not have been any other than to force the attention of the various great Powers to a sub ject which they seemed but little inclined to take into consideration. The Cabinet of Berlin, at present, in redoubling its efforts to obtain a diplo matic intervention in the question, gave, the docu ment declares, a contradiction, calculated to excite astonishment, to those principles of order and conservatism of which it has hitherto declared itself to be the defender. The paper then refers to the language of the Congress of Vienna in restoring to the King of Prussia the suzerainty of the Canton of Neu chatel, and remarks that it was not evidently intended that he should possess more extended rights than' he had before the treaty of Tilsit in 1807 , which wrested Neuchatel from Prussia. The Ceng'ress, in replacing that canton under the rule of the King of Prussia, could never have had the intention of guaranteeing to him the unchanged possession of it ) for it was not to be supposed that the various nations of the great family of Europe were not to preserve their primordial right of modifying their government and changing their institutions. An exceptional system could not have been in contemplation for Neuchatel and Switzerland, and the proof was, that not a single canton of the Swiss Confederation remained without having profoundly modified the constitu tions which existed in 1815. Neuchatel, like the rest, had set aside an aristocracy which, in the name of a foreign sovereign, directed all public affairs; the people thought fit to substitute for them, its own representatives, and nothing in such a substitution constituted a violation of the Treaty of Vienna. It was not to be forgotten that the Congress of Vienna, added to the Swiss Confe deration three new cantons—the Valais, the terri tory of Geneva and the Principality of Neuchatel; and declared the whole 22 cantons to be perfectly neutral and inviolable. Unfortunately the form of government which erzisted in Neuchatel was not in harmony with that of the other confederate cantons, and prevented them from deriving from the union all the advantages which might have been expected. In fact, Neuchatel had been a cause of weakness and trouble to Switzerland, and it was only since the reconstitution of the canton, according to the principles prevailing in the rest of the Confederation, that Switzerland has been able to arrive at her full strength ; and, to follow such a policy as was in conformity both with her own views and those of Europe. By the modification thus effected, Switzerland has neither augmented her territory nor altered her frontiers ; she has merely realised the wishes of the great Powers, as expressed at the Congress of Vienna, by drawing more closely the bonds of her federative system. On the 18th of June, 1814, Frederic William 111 consented that the execution of such engagements as the State of Neuchatel might contract, as member of the Confederation, should be the exclusive concern of the Government of the canton, without there being any necessity for an ulterior sanction or ratification. It was only on that express condition that the canton was received into the Helvetic Confederation. It was in conformity with the power so given that the change took place in 1848, and that the Federal Diet, by a unanimous vote, guaranteed the new Constitution. Respect for the cantonal Sovereignty alone actuated the Federal authorities, and the Act of Union of 1815 served as their rule of action. It is, therefore, with good reason that they decline all representations on the part of Prussia. The document then proceeds to declare that Switzerland, being independent, can introduce into her internal government any modification she pleases, either in the whole of her States in any one of them. In the special case now under con sideration, the kingdom of Prussia has neither lost a province, or the Swiss Confederation gained one. Neuchatel has been neither conquered nor absorb ed ; its nationality has not been weakened, though public liberties have been strengthened and ex tended. The change in 1848 has been accpted by Europe, and it is now to be presumed that she will not withdraw from what she has acceded to. Would it be seasonable to require from Switzerland to renounce a political system that suits her, and to substitute for it the dangerous anomalies which had existed in Neuchatel when a canton principality ? That could not be expected. Could the intention be to detatch Neuchatel from Switzer, land, and to form the canton into a seperate state • To do so would be to annihilate the articles of the treaty of 1815, which guaranteed, in the interest of Europe, the integrity of the Swiss territory with , Neuchatel as part of it. But would Prussia her self gain by having Neuchatel in her power ? Certainly not, for the possession of that princi pality never brought to Prussia either any as sistance in money or in military force ; the canton never formed part of the kingdom of Prussia nor of the Germanic Confederation ; and the Royal favours which certain families in Neuchatel frequently received were always considered by the Prussian people as bestowed on foreigners. The civil list arising from the revenues of the principality never reached the sum of 100,000 f, and the whole was absorbed in the country itself by certain charges which the King imposed on himself. It is indubitable, therefore, that no mate rial advantages could arise to Prussia from the possession of Neuchatel, and no compensation could accrue to the King from the prestige which he might exercise in Switzerland, from being connected with Neuchatel, for his name never had any other effect than to arouse mistrust throughout the entire Swiss Confederation. The document then declares that the protocol of London in favour of the King of Prussia cannot weaken in any i espect the preponderant stipulation which concern the independence and neutrality of Switzerland. Since 1848, when Neuchatel changed her constitution and united her fate more intimately with that of the other cantons, Switzerland had remained tranquil and prosperous, and the public right of Europe would not permit a mere satisfac tion to be given to the King of Prussia at the cost of compromising one or other of these fundamental clauses with which the peace of Europe was inti mately connected. It was because Switzerland had acquired each year a fresh importance that the Congress of Paris declined taking into consi deration the question of Neuchatel, as calculated to disturb a state of things so highly satisfac tory. If the insurrection of the 3d of September should lead the great Powers to seek out means for definitively regulating the difficulty pro duced by the contrary stipulations relative to Neuchatel, could the issue of their deliberations be a moment doubtful, at ale period when the treaty of Paris had shown in the clearest light the disin terestedness and lofty wisdom of the various go vernments, their respect for nationalities, and their anxiety for the happiness of the populations ? Switzerland did not think so, nor did the public in general ; for if the hope prevailed of seeing the diplomatic negotiations end happily, it was with the conviction that they could not have any other base than the absolute independence of Neuchatel from all foreign ties. The Three per Cents. closed to-day at 68f for the end of the month ; and the Four and a Half at 92f 250. Orleans Railway shares, 1,320 f ; Great Northern, 9661 25c ; Strasburg, 842 f 50e ; New Shares, 775 f; Paris and Lyons, 1,367 f 50c; Lyons to the Mediterranean, 1,785 f ; Western of France, 870 f; Bordeaux and Cette, 770 f; ditto New Shares, 785 f ; Great Central of France, 637 f 50c; Lyons and Geneva, 76)1; Bank of Credit Mobilier, 1,535 f; Austrian Railways, 825 f. tours Authentique.—PAßlS Dec. 10.—Cash Prices.— Four-and- a-Half per Cents, 87f ; ditto (not reimbursable for 10 years), 92f 91f 50c ; Four per Cents, 80f ; Three per Cents, (shut Dec, 6, at 69f 40c), for Dec. 22, 68f 67f 90c 80c 70c ; ditto Loan of 1855 (90 per cent paid), 67f 80c ; ditto Certificates (90 per cent paid), 67f 50e ; Bank of France, 4,100 f • Credit Fencier, 645 f 640 f ; ditto Obligations of 500 f, Four per Ceuts, 445 f 450 f ; ditto Three per Cents, 400 f ; ditto Tenths, Four per Cents, 95f ; ditto Three per Cents, 85f ; Prom. Obligations of I,ooof, Three per Cents, 940 f ; Credit Mobilier, 1,660 f 1,545 f 1,546 f 25c 1,540 f 1,535 f; Piedmontese Five per Cents, 93f 93f 50e ; ditto Three per Cents, 57f ; Belgian Four-and-a-Half per Cents, 971 ; Spanish Interior Debt, 38ii 38. Exchange on London, at sight, money, 25f 20e ; three months, money, 24f 774 e. STATE OF NAPLES. NAPLES, DEC. 5. I have received a list of the names of those who were amnestied at the last Council of State on November 27, though up to the morning of the 2d December no notice of them had been received nt the offices of the Minister of Grace and Justice ; whether, therefore, mercy is suspended I cannot tell. The names of those fully pardoned are : Landadio, Passaro, Lettieri, Gogliucci, Rodio, Riccliutti, two brothers Costs, Oliva, Carfora, Leo nardo Porta (a long time in concealment and para lytic ; he is a literary man), Maningola, Frischillo, Dorsa, Degennaro (a prisoner in Montefusco), Viscione, Sannuzzi. Punishment commuted to exile from the king dom. Leanza (nephew of Lieutenant Colonel Leanza, who was arrested on the 19th of May, 180, and died in prison on the 10th of August, 1854) and Bonelli, a rich landholder of Barletta. Contrary to what I stated in my last, these are not all political prisoners, but intermixed with them are ordinary criminals. The names are not to be published in Naples where their antecedents are Well known, but probably they will be made known abroad, and as political offenders, thus furnishing argumetats for the defence of this government, to those who wise to acquire the character of heroes in the next session of parliament. I must return to the subject of the pamphlet which I quoted in my last letter, as the more I con sider it, and the more I hear, the greater insight it appears to furnish into the sentiments of this Government both towards England and France. Written by a Frenchman in Naples, and in the pay Naples, published first in the Armonia of Turin, reproduced in Naples in its present form, printed at the office of the Government journal, and circu lated by the police, it may be looked upon as a document of some authority ; and I quote one other passage expressive of the feeling entertained in high place towards the Emperor of the French : You speak of your anxiety for the tranquillity of Italy and the repose of Europe, and you have an active censorship, and you authorise the impression at Paris of a maniii'go emanating from the revolutionary committee to incite the Peninsula to insurrection, as you have already permitted the public sale throughout the whole of France of ignoble caricatures against the Emperors of Russia and of Austria, and against the Kings of Prussia and of Naples. You preach a regime of moderation, and yet Fiance is only governed by the aid of a severe police, and of an adminis trative despotism, a similar instancti of which has never been seen. You require of the government of the Two Bicilies an amnesty, and you know perfectly well that a generous pardon is conceded to all who will ask for it. But you, what do you do with your innumerable political exiles, among whom are found illustrious generals, who have no other fault than that of having gloriously shed their blood to assure and extend the dominion of France over Africa, or to save society by combatting in Paris the barbarism of Socialism ? Have you not, under the name of necessity, shipped off thousands of Frenchmen, withoat trial, to *a distant land, devoting them to certain death, under a mur derous climate, while the 979 persons condemned in Naples to irons, to exile, or to prison, have been tried by regular tribunals, which offered all the guarantees which could be desired. Whatever may be thought as to the justice of the remarks, the prudence is very, very doubtful ; they indicate a strong animus against both France and her ally, and would lead only to infer that there is little hope that the Government will make those concessions which are necessary to conciliate the foreigner, and to content and tranquillise the nation. I regret to say that the obtinate resistance to advice, and the refusal to admit any changes in the Government, have produced their necessary consequences in Sicily. I have not later news than that which I have already communicated to you, but fuller news of the same date I have re• ceived. Everything tended to show that it was a guerilla warfare which was entered upon, for reports have been unable to fix upon any one place as the site of the disturbance—many being menu tioned. The plan seems to be to take possession of the money of the Communes, leaving a receipt for the amount. I shall now give you such reports as have been brought to me :—" By the steamer of Sunday," says one, "it is known that the colonna bobile of the 7th battalion of Chasseurs, and half a squadron of cavalry are now at Villaprati, Nkiths out having been able to effect any operation. The armed bands increase and run through the Come munes without shedding blood, and distributing tricoloured cokades. The police of Palermo have made numerous arrests of persons of all ranks During the night patrols of troops, of gendarmes, and of police agentS traverse the suburbs, questioning all whom they meet. The city is tranquil ; the theatres are open and frequented." "On the 28th November 800 soldiers were sent from Palermo by sea ; the Chasseurs had previously been sent by land " "At Palermo some discontent had been created by the refusal on the part of the Bank to receive some silver, and a proprietor called Bencivenga and a distinguished advocate called Da Marco had left Palermo and gone to Mem)jussa, about 2 , ) miles distant, where they began a movement." The Baron Aceto, of whom I spoke in my last, is well known in Palermo for his passion for English horses and carriages. He was amnestied, I believe, two or three months since, and is a proof in his own person of the truth of what I have always stated, that an amnesty without justice is fraught with danger; the amnestied will become nuclei of revolution unless the necessary . changes and ref )rms are introduced. I now quote letters from military men, or from members of their families : —" All the families of the officers have left or are leaving. I am thinking of doing the same, and shall leave for Naples, with my father, by tho first steamer." A military man writes, " Now that I am writing to you the first battalion of the 9th Chasseurs is leaving, and the first battalion of the line for Palermo. The Bth Regiment has left Girgenti, and perhaps also the 13th of the line. The fleet is about to leave. From some other point I will write to you." The fact appears to be, that certain emigrants have disembarked in Sicily, and have formed guerilla bands. A report circu lates that some English vessels of war are off Sicily, and that the Sannita, Neapolitan Govern ment steamer, was to havo left on Tuesday morn ing for Palermo, but was put off. Ido not, how ever, place any confidence in the report, and with regard to the Sicilian movement I do not venture to say anything more than what is contained in the reports and extracts I have given you above. His Majesty is still in Naples, which is perfectly tranquil. The streets, however, are infested with gendarmes and agents of police. The same system continues to be persevered in which I have had occasion to praise several times, under the mild rule of Comendatore Bianchini, but from all I can gather, his influence extends but little beyond the capital, and the usual excesses are committed in the provinces. Since beginning my letter, I have heard that, with the exception of Porta, Marinjola, Frischillo, Dorsa, and Degennaro, the prisoners ordered for release have been given up by the military power, and are passed into the hands of .the Prefect of Police. The Royal rescripts ordering their release ,were received in the Grand Criminal Court on Wednesday morning ; the preamble in each case is, " Accord ing to the demand made by Signor —, His Majesty accords," &c. There is, therefore, nothing voluntary about the pardons—they must be de manded. There must be an understood admission of guilt, and with this stain upon them they are liable at any time to be molested by the police. The Government steamers in port have orders to hold themselves in readiness at two hours' notice, and are all coaled and provisioned. Of the pamphlet which I have quoted above, and the history of which I have give you I believe to be perfectly true, 4,000 copies have been printed. The French steamer, due last Sunday, from Marseilles, has not yet arrived (December 5), having been compelled to put into Nice, in consequence of some damage to the machinery. We are therefore without news or letters from the north for upwards of a week. The weather has been most tempestuous, though I cannot help saying that the Neapolitan boats enjoy hero a higher reputation than the French boats for machinery and speed. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, DEC. g. As this is the Festival of the Immaculate Con ception, and yesterday was Sunday, all non-official Austrian politicians are fated to be kept during eight and-forty hours in total ignorance of what is passing in the world. It has long been rumoured in the city that many Roman Catholics intend to join the Protestant Church, but no perfectly reliable information could be obtained on the subject until now. The applications made to the superintendents of the Augsburg and Helvetic (Lutheran and Calvinist) Confessions for information and for religious in struction are so numerous, " that they literally do not know which way to turn." The intense disgust caused by the new marriage laws is the principal reason why so many persons desire to secede from the Roman Church- Some days ago, when mention was made of the insecure state of the high roads in Hungary, it was suggested that the two regiments of gensdarmes now quartered in Styria, the Tyrol, and Austria Proper, might do good service if sent to the other side of the Leytha —the river which forms the frontier between Lower Austria and Hungary ; but a person who is excel lent authority on such matters informs me that the regiments in question would be of little or no service " as gensdarmes' in Hungary, as the men do not understand the language of the country. The statesman who will represent the Porte in the Commission for settling the affairs of the Das nubian Principalities, is Achtnet Vefik Pasha, who is universally acknowledged to be one of the most talented men in Turkey. " Achmet Vefik's charac ter," says a per Son who resided in Constantinople , "is as pure as driven snow, but the man is stern and unbending, and consequently, a favourite neither in the Seraglio nor in the hotel of the British Embassy." Both Turks and Greeks have frequently assured me that Achmet Vefilt Pasha is almost the only strictly honest statesman in Turkey. It was the Persian Minister, Ferule Khan, who gave the news of the fall of Herat, to M. de Thou venel, but its correctness is some what doubted at Constantinople. SPAIN. The Madrid papers of the 6th do not contain a line of political intelligence. The Bishops of Cadiz and Majorca had addressed the Queen, thanking her for having done so much towards reestablishing harmony and concord be tween Spain and the Head of the Catholic Church at Rome. The Clamor 1 3 ablice asserts that the amount appropriated by the present Government since their advent to power as " extraordinary credit funds" is as much as 225,732,622 reals. The Epoca thinks this total an exaggeration of the truth, as the addition to the army cannot have cost the sum set down for it, viz., 160,000,000, though it will do so this next year if a force of 140,000 men is to be maintained as lately decreed, LATEST SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. Report of the Calpe (s.s.), arrived here from Lisbon : Experienced heavy gales from the commencement of the passage home, ranging from S.S.W. to S.S.E. On the 4th inst., at 4 a.m., the gale increased rapidly, so much so that the sea had no time to get up, at the same time run ning with the wind at S.E. At 8 a.m., gale still increas ing, hove the ship,to under close•reefed maiutrysail, with the head lashed down, it blowing furiously (from 8 a.m. until 11 a.m.), and at that time was struck by a heavy sea, which carried away a portion of the port-bulwarks, and then the sea began to rise, blowing without intermission until 2 o'clock, with a fearful heavy sea running, when it gradually declined to a moderate gale. ARRIVED, Dec. 11.—Jane Raymond, from St. Michaels —Melaney, Prince Edward Island—Charlotte, Ipswich. SAILED, Dec. 11.—Margaret, for Cork Christian, Drogheda. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, TATTE RSALL'S.—LAsT NIGHT. DERBY.-25 to 1 agst Goldfinch ; 25 to 1 agst Lady Hawthorn ; 25 to 1 agst Bird-in-the-Hand; 30 to 1 agst Glenmasson (takea); 30 to 1 agst Ackworth ; 30 to 1 agst Henry VIII. SLAVERY IN AMERICA. While travelling not long ago in one of the south-western counties in Virginia, the following thrilling incident took place :—Starting in the stage coach, soon after break fast, the morning being a delightful one in the latter part of the month of May, took my seat on the box by the side of the driver, and behind me on the top was seated a bright, intelligent looking mulatta boy, apparently 18 or 19 years of age. After being on the road a few minropa I turned about and asked him where he was gula g . He re plied that he was going down a f:vr miles to live with Master who kept the stage house at the west stand ; that b e had lived with him the last summer, and that his master had sent him down to live with him the coming season, Turning from the boy, the driver remarked to me in an under tone, "The boy is deceived ; lam taking him down to the slave pen a few miles on, where slaves are kept preparatory to being sent to Lluisiana; this deception is practised to get him from his home and mother, without creating a disturb ance in the place." Shortly after we drew near to where the boy supposed he was to stop; he began to gather up, preparatory to leaving the stage, the few articles he had brought away from his home. The driver said to him in a deoided tone of voice, " You aro not to get off the stage here." The boy, in astonishment, replied, " Yes, I is ; I'se got a letter for Master —, I'se going to live there this summer." By this time we 'had reached the house, and Mr. making his appearancejohn (for that was the name of the boy) delivered his letter and ap pealed to Master --to be delivered from the command of the driver. The master made no reply, as this kind of deception was no new thing to him. After reading the letter and folding it up, he was about putting it in his pocket, when it flashed on the mind of the boy that he was sold, and was bound for the slave pen. He exclaimed in agony, " Tell me, master, if I'se sold ?" No reply was made. He exclaimed again, " Tell me if I'se sold This last appeal brought the response, " Yes, John, you are sold." The boy threw himself back upon the top of the stage, and, rolling in agony, sent up such a wail of woe as no one in the stage could endure ; even the hotel keeper walked away in shame. and the driver hurried into his box and drove off in haste to drown the noise of his cry. The passengers were all deeply moved by the distress of the boy, and tried in various ways to soothe his wounded and crushed spirit, but his agony was beyond the reach of their sympathy. When his agony was somewhat abated he exclaimed, " Oh, if they had only let me bid my mother good-bye. They have lied to me ! They have lied to me ! If they had a' told me I was sold and I could a' bid my mother good-bye, I'd a' gone without making them trouble —hard as it is." By this time we had passed on some two or three miles since leaving the last stand, when, drawing near to a pretty thick wood, the boy became tranquil. Waiting till we had entered the wood a few rods, he darted from the top of the stage and ran into the woods, as agile as a dear, no doubt with the feeling that it was for his life. The driver instantly dropped the reins and pursued the boy. Proving himself no match, he returned, exclaiming, "You see, I have done what I could to catch him." He mounted his box, and drove on a mile or so, when he reined up his horses to a house, and, calling the keeper, asked, " Where are your sons ? " He:replied they left home this morning with the dogs to hunt a negro, and would not be home before night. The driver said to him that Mr. had sent his boy John on the stage that morning to be delivered at the pen, and that he had jumped from the stage and taken to the woods. His reply was, "We will hunt him for you to-morrow." The driver said he wished only to notify him of his being in the woods. As we drove on I made the enquiry, " How long have you driven a stage on this road ?" He replied, " About 15 years.' "Do you frequently take negroes down to the slave pen ?" " Yes, frequently." " What will become of this boy, John ?" He replied, "He will skulk about the woods until he is nearly starved, and will some night make his way up to his master's house, and in about two weeks I shall bring him down again to the slave pen in handcuffs." After a pause, even this driver feeling his degradation in being the instrument of such misery, broke out in the exclamation, " This is a cursed bad business ; but in this case this is not the worst feature in it. The man who sold him is his own father.—New York Paper. TWOPENNY LITIGATION.—On Wednesday an action was brought in the County Court of Clerkenwell to recover the sum of twopence, which the plaintiff had invested in a purchase at defendant's shop. It was admitted by plaintiff that the defendant had offered to return the money, and that the action had been brought to gratify personal feeling. The judge, without calling on the defendant, dismissed the plaint, and ordered plaintiff to pay defendant's costs. No MORE GRETNA GREEN MARRIAGES.—At the end of the present month Gretna Green marriages and border marriages will be prevented. By an act of last session it is provided that, after the 31st December, no irregular marriage contracted in Scotland by declaration, acknowledgment, or ceremony, shall be valid unless one of the parties had, at the date thereof, his or her usual place of residence there, or had lived in Scotland for twenty-one days next preceding such marriage. ConoNEn's INQUESTS.—Yesterday, the Coroner held the following inquests :—On the body of Owen Lewis, aged 60 years. Ahout three weeks ago, the deceased was hurt on board a flat, named the George Canning, and since lingered of the injuries, and died in the hospital yesterday. Verdict accidental death.—On the body of a child named Black, aged four months, that died under circumstances which required an inquest. On the examination of the body by Surgeon Kemp, it appeared that death was the re sult of tubercular disease from natural causes. VLrdict accordingly.—On the body of an old woman named Sarah Woods, who was killed in the London road, by a cab run ning over her. The driver of the cab was committed for manslaughter by Mr. Mansfield from the police court. The jury found a verdict in accordance with the facts. SERIOUS CHARGE AGAINST AN INDEPENDENT GENTLEMAN FOR SHOOTING A MAN SWIM A GUN. -- BIRKENHEAD PETTY SESSIONS. BEFORE J. D. CASE AND J. B. SHAW, ESQB.S., MAJOR- GENERAL SIR E. GUST AND J. E JACKSON, ESQ. Yesterday the court was much crowded to hear a charge preferred against a gentleman of inde pendent property, named Heys Pyke, residing at the village of r Upton. From the evidence adduced in support of th e charge, it appeared that t h e prisoner was in the habit of frequenting the different public houses in the village, and treating with. beer whoever he happened to fall in with, and on Saturday evening last was a repetition of his usual liberality, when be was at a public house kept by a person named Manley, and while there he stood a quantity of ale, and himself and some of the party got rather fresh. After so doing he went home, leaving those still in the house whom he had so treated.. A. short time after, on some of the party going home, they proposed to call at his house to induce him. to stand more beer, and a man named Richard Mark leton was one of the party. They went to the back door of the prisoner's house, at which be (Markieton) rapped with his knuckles, but not receiving any answer he rapped again, and immediately after a gun was discharged from the inside. the prisoner at the same time exclaim ing —" I will shoot you, you B—gg—r, whereupon Markleton said, you have done that Mr. Pyke, for you have blown my arm off," and the injured man imme diately went to the house of Mr. Hewitt, a surgeou, close by. Mr. Hewitt said that, about eleven o'clock, on Saturday night last, the complainant came to him with a severely lacerated arm, produced by shot, and upon examining it, he found it to be a wound two-thirds of the s i ze of his band, that he extracted many of the shots and essed it. Mr. Greatley, who appeared for the prisoner, e ,:fleavoured to show 'that the prisoner's house had recently i,,en attempted to he broken into ; and that, at the time of ti t:eir going to the house, they had broken some of his windo:7s by throwing stone!, This was utterly denied by the co2lP latnant and his witnesses, who distinctly swore that n o s:bbes. had bee* thrown ; and that, at the time of the In:ion:Ong at the door, no one asked from within who was there .before the gun was fired. .The magistrates said it was a ve. - • serious offence, and they could not think of disposingef it summarily, and accordingly committed the prisoner for trial, at the next assizes , consenting to take bail— himself in 1-00 with two sureties in A'so each, for his appearance: The decision of the magistrates seemed to take the prisoner by surprise, as he was summoned to answer the charge. ADMIRALTY COURT.-WEDNESDAY. Is s FORE DR, LUSHINGTON. THE FORTUNATIM—DAMAGE.—TtIe vessel proceedini, was the brig Coquette, I tons, bound for Malta and Smyrna, with a general cargo from Liverpool ; the vessel, proceeded against, the Dantzic i;arque Fortunatus, 400 tons, was on her way to England wits a cargo of cotton and beans from Alexandria. The accident took place in the Strait of Gibraltar, between 1 and 2 a.m., on the 9th of March last. The brig was so much injured that all her crew got on board the Fortunatus, fearing that their own vessel would go down. Afterwards, the master and three hands went back to the Coquette and took her into Gib , raltar ; the barque sailed away with the rest and bought them to Liverpool. The cause of the accident was pleaded to be the negligence of the barque's look-out, and her omitting to port and go clear, as she might easily have done. On the other side It was alleged that if the acci dent had not been caused by the fault of the Coquette herself it was the result of unavoidable accident. The Trinity masters considered the barque to be alone to blame for the collision. Dr. Lushington pronounced for the claim of the Coquette. THE JAMES GIBB.—COLLISION.—This was iIP suit to recover compensation from the owners of the barque James Gibb, 81 9 tons, for damages inflicted on the barque Agnes, 339 tons, in a collision in the Downs on the night of the 26th of May, the former vessel being at the time of the accident on her way to England with a cargo of grain from Bombay, and the latter bound to Jamaica in ballast. The Trinity Masters having given their opinions as to the nautical points involved, Dr. Lushington pronounced for the damage. NEW MAP OF AMERICA. A new map of the North American Continent, fiat just been issued by Mitchell of Philadelphia. In size it is poorly six feet square, and in addition t.. ..,ntain ing the 'United Stat.., an 3 the 15 rltish North American provinces, it has the Sandwich Islands, Mexico, Central America, Cuba, and the other West India islands, beautifully and distinctly m rked do.vn. The mechani c cal execution of the nap is throughout highly ' satisfactory. The publishL, Las toltrive Ito insert in the margin a large attourt 01 geographical and statistical information, brought down to the present time. Ile has also availed himself of the latest discoveries, and noticed on the map the latest changes, so that it is especially minute and comprehensive respecting those places and subjects which are now most frequently under consideration. Railroads, canals, rivers, lakes, and mountain ranges are eorrectly delineated. The various civil divisions of the United States, British pos sessions in North America, Mexico, Central America, &c., &c., are accurately shown. The principal points on the popular routes to Oregon, Cali fornia, &c., &c., also the several routes by water as well as land to the Pacific coast. In addition to the above qualifications of the map, there are given two projections of the earth—Mercator's and globular pro jections. Altogether, the map is the ne plus ultra of topographical productions. It is engraved in the finest and most elaborate style, and is richly coloured • and is, in all respects, the most reli a bl e map o f t h e kind extant. To prove that such is the case, we need only mention that the chief committees of both Houses of Congress have had this map hung up in their respective rooms ; also the Secretaries of State, War, and the Navy. MOUNT VESUVIUS.—A correspondent writing from Naples, on the 22nd ult, says—" I open my letter to say that Vesuvius was blazing away last night, and was evi• dently in great force. For the most part one sees only the reflection of the light which is thrown up from the interior of the crater, but at times it rises up in all its majesty, and illuminates the entire sky." A report is gradually gaining ground in Canada, that the Cunard Company intend to establish a line of first-class steamships between Quebec and Liverpool. We cannot find any exact authority for this rumour ; but it is very pro• bable, unless recent arrangements made by this company with the Australian and European Company, alter their views. It is said that the object is to run the Montreal and Quebec steamers off the line ; and if this is the aim, the enormous subsidy paid to this Company will give them a great advantage. In other respects, it cannot fail to be of great advantage to the province, and profitable to the owners.—Caledonian Newt. ti COPPER IN New ZEALAND. —We have received by private letters, the most satisfactory accounts of the progress of the copper mine, recently discovered at the Dun Mountain. We understand that the road to the mine is nearly camp O!ed, and that two tons of ore, of great richness, have been taken to Nelson. Amongst those were several cakes of virgin copper, a satisfactory proof of its value. This quantity was to be shipped about the 25th of Aufust, to London, via Sydney ; and may, therefore, soon be expected. There can be but little doubt now, that this discovery will be of the greatest importance to the province, even should the hopes of gold be disappointed. —Australian and New Zea -1 land Gazette. DESTRI7CTIVE FIRE IN GLASGOW.—OR Tuesday night, about half-past ten o'clock, the eastern portion of the work shops of Messrs. J. Henderson and Co., coachbuilders, 82, Renfield street—part of an extensive square of one storey buildings —was suddenly discovered to be in flames. No time was lost in conveying the alarm to the Northern Police Station, when the engine immediately turned out and proceeded to the spot, where it was speedily followed by the West of England engine and brigade. The exertions of the latter were directed to saving a large buildingof four storeys situated at the north-east angle of the square, which was placed in great danger, as the wind was blowing with much violence in that direction, and the flames rising high and coming into close contact with the windows. On the arrival of Mr. Bryson with his brigad e f rom t h e Central, a few minutes after, he placed one of his engines in the same locality, and all danger was soon over, The flames after breaking out began to extend rapidly, and after the lapse of half-an-hour the whole square, with the exception of a small building used as the counting.house, was in a blaze. The wind being very boisterous thick volumes of smoke and flame and myriads of sparks were numeroustier of spectators e buildingetators had be t i o n p g reserve a carried along S auc h ehall and Renfrew s t re ets, and the c i o t nibretsm pe tib et l i c ul n d a is tu t r a e n , c t e h .': The material insid e b e i ng of the most complete. Then co nstruction, and the destruction was sudden andcf sl im fers of the excited residenters in the locality, besides however, manag e d to diminish the flames , and so lessen the preserving the counting house. The conflagration, as may be supposed, wa s one of great brilliancy, and from its elevated site was plainly observable all ov er th e c i ty. In consequence, a numerous crowd assembled, and, as i n s i mi l ar cases , the police, who, by the way, had mustered strong under Captain Smart—had some difficulty in keeping it out of the wav of obstruction. By one o'clock the flames were co mpletely got unde r , a lth ough the engines continued to play on the smouldering mass. The damage is estimated at £5,000.