The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-08-04 00:00:00

railing of the lower platform fronting Hanover-street and Paradise-street. A portion of them, however, seeing a few vacant places at the end of the opposite platform, commenced scaling the barriers to occupy them, and very shortly we-should have had the whole locality in confu sion but for the interference of Captain Evans, acting conservator of the Mersey, who ran to the aid of the po lice, who were ejecting the intruders, vi et armis, and ad dressing them in a humourous speeh, or rather a series of speeches, got the vast mass who were crushing in, to keep their places, an 4 to substitute good humoured cheers for unruly disturbance. The gallant captain stuck to his post and preserved perfect order until the conclusion of the proceedings. Amongst those who gathered earliest round the stone were Thomas Sands, Esq., ex-Mayor, the Rev. Dr. Raffles, John Tomkinson, Esq., Thomas Chalmers, sur geon, the Rev. Mr. James, and others. Finally there were within the area, previous to the arrival of the proces sion, Earl Talbot, Lord Ingestrie and Lady Ingestrie, whose magnificent beauty attracted every eye ; James Aikin, -Esq., the Chairman of the Sailors' Home Com mittee, John Nelson Wood, Esq. , Cap tain Evans, Robert Duckworth, Esq., John Tomkinson, Esq., Samuel liolme, Esq., John Holmes, Esq., Rev. Mr. Davis, John Cropper, Esq., of Everton, I. P. Younghusband, Esq., George Kendal, Esq., William Birkett, Esq., Jos. Frank lin, Esq.. surveyor, &c. Amongst the clergy was the Rev. Hugh M'Neile, whose presence on the occasion, and his kindly and unassuming manner to all around him, rendered him most welcome amongst the friends of the Sailors' Home, of which he was one of the original friends and promoters. The immensely long procession, after passing through about four miles of street, and encounter ing delays from the crowded state of the streets, arrived at the site about five minutes before three o'clock. When his Royal Highness arrived at the site of the foundation, he was loudly and repeatedly cheered, the military bands in the distance playing national airs of welcome, in which 'the assembled multitude joined, the national anthem, &c., being parti.lly sung by thousands. We now propose to give a brief account of the principal architectural features, and the dimensions of the proposed building. The site selected for the Sailors nome, i s bounded on the south by Hanover -street, on the east by Paradise-street, and the north by a passage leading from Canning-place to Paradise-street. The main front will face the Post-office. The extreme length of the building is 170 feet; the front to the Post-office 95 feet, while that to Paradise-street, the land being irregular in shape, is 53 feet. The style of architecture is purely English, be ing that adopted in the reigns of James and Elizabeth, and from its exceedingly light appearance, its numerous windows, and ornamented pinnacles, it will form a pleas ing contrast with the heavy buildings of the vicinity. At each angle of the building there is a square tower, with an extremely neat ogee-shaped: roof, which is surmounted by a gilt ball and pinnacle, the effect of which is admirable. The elevation of the towers is considerably greater, than the rest of the building, being 104 feet in height. The west front has three curvilinear gables, which are beau tifully shaped, the side ones having pinnacles from the rise and at the top, , while the centre one is surmounted by a vessel rigged with a spar, with cross-trees, stays, &c., which forms, in an admirable characteristic man- ner, the fla.T ; pole of the institution. The gables on each front project nine inches, and are at the top ornamented, supporting brackets, caryatids, scollop shells, &c., are most tastefully and u se f u lly intro duced. In this ront is the main entrance, which in point of elegance of design, boldness, and adaptation of characteristic detail is unequalled by anything our town can boast of. At each side is a three-quarter Doric column, cut in the Elizabethan style, heaned by boldly projecting mouldings, reaching to the second story. The door-way is arched, and in the upper part is a well adap ted ovel fanlight; surmounting the mouldings of the door-way is a Liver in the centre of a circle formed of a coil of rope, which, with numerous purchase blocks, flogs, and other emblamatic ornaments, completes this beautiful design. At the Hanover-street front there are five breaks or projections, the tops of which are ornamented with shields, bearing severally " The Liver," " The rampant Lion of Scotland," " St. George and the Dragon," " the Harp of Ireland, and Anchor, and Trident." Along the whole of the top will be an open ballustrade, and the top wilt be so arrangel as to form a promenade. At the Paradise-street end there will be three shops, over which will be the superintendent's apartments, the entrance to which will be from the passage leading to the Post-office. The internal as well as the external portions of the building are purely Elizabethan. In the centre of the building, communicating with the entrance, is a grand hall, lighted from the roof, and surrounded by galleries connected with the various floors. The general hall will be heated by two enormous stoves. On the basement story, there are stewards' rooms, kitchens, pantries, bakehouse, milkhouse, been-cellar, and eight sailors' chest rooms; there is also a storing room. Throughout the whole building there will be hoists by which chests, dinners, &c., may be sent momentarily to every apart ment. On the next floor (the first) there will be a savings' bank, shipping office, registering room, paying rooms, school room, cemmittec rooms, singing rooms, &c. There is an apartment appropriated as a dining room. At the extreme end of the hall, which is of a triangular form, is the staircase leading from the basement to the upper sto ries, the dormitories, &c. The pillasters.of the hall will be of light open iron work, bearing a resemblance of ropes. The pallisading that runs round the galleries is equally cha racteristic, and reflects no little credit on the adaptive taste of the able architect. The principal dining room will be directly over the entrance hall;, it will be eighty-nine feet long and thirty feet wide. Above this are the lecture and reading rooms, which are upwards of sixteen feet in height ; but as the darmitories are not required that height, that story is divided,' without giving any unseemly appearance to the building—the windows erossin2; the floor by pannelling. There are separate apartments and accommodation for 340 persons, fitted with wash-stands, &c., the water for which is supplied from tanks on the tops of the towers. The waste water will be carried to a reservoir beneath the basement story, which will be cleared out every twelve hours bj the admission of the tide. The cost of the construction is estimated, we be lieve, under £25,000. "The immediate objects of the institution shall be to provide for the seamen frequenting the port of Liverpool, board, lodging, and medical attendance, at a moderate charge : to protect them from imposition and extortion, and encourage them to husband their hard-earned wages ; to promote their moral, intellectual, and professional im provement ; and to afford them the opportunity of re ceiving religious instruction. A reading-room, library, and savings' bank shall be attached to the.institution, and with the view of securing to the able and well-conducted seaman a rate of wages proportionate to his merits, a registry of character shall be kept. Among the ulterior objects in contemplation are schools for sea apprentices, and the sons of seamen, with special regard to the case of children who have lost one of both their parents." The Prince was conducted to the site by Mr. Aikin. 'Considerable d lay here took place, the trowel not having been as vet brought up. In succession, however, came Aikin's son with the trowel, the freemasons, com mittee, &c., who.had been beyond their time. All preliminaries having been arranged, L. N. Starkie, Esq., the Grand Master of the Freemasons, performed the ceremonies usual on such ocoasions. Mr. Cunning. ham, the architect, then presented the Prince with a series of the plan of the erection. Mr. Tyrer„ the trea surer, presented the vase with the coins, Mr. Tomlinson, hon. secretary, the vase with the newspapers, and Mr. Cotesworth the plate covering the orifice in the stone. Mr. AIKIN, the Chairman of the Committee, then said : "--MAY IT PLEASE YOUR ROYAL HIGHNESS—As Chair man of the Committee of the Liverpool Sailors' Home, it is my duty to express to your Royal Highness, our grateful acknowledgments and thanks for your kind ness and condescension in consenting to lay the first stone of the building to be erected on this site. Your Royal Highness is already aware that the great ob ject of the establishmen is to benefit the seamen frequent ing our port, to improve their condition and theircharacter, and to rescue them from perils of the shore, often more dangerous than those to which they are exposed at sea. That this object will be effected by the means proposed, is no longer a question of doubt, The business of the Sailors' Home has already commenced, and is now in active opera tion. During the last fifteen months, in premises hired for the purpose. The characters of 6000 seamen have been registered, and 5000 have been shipped on voyages, and in vessels of their own selection. _ The wa,ges of a still greater number have there being paid, and a safe deposit for their money Las been provided. The savings' bank, in addition to the bank of deposit, for us .an important part of our plan, and the success of this arrangement al ready presents a fare prospect of inducing those improved habits which arise out of a feeling of prudence and inde pendence. In no place is such an Establishment more needed than in this great port, and although we regret that it has been so long delayed, we find satisfaction in the knowledge that are have now received the most zeal. ous support froth all classes of the community. Our be loved Sovereign has been graciously pleased to become the patroness of this institution, and for the management of its affairs, we on the committee combined with the principal shipowners of the port, the valuable practical aid -of several who have themselves experienced the various and arduous duties of a sailor's life. Under such sus- pices, we are confident that when this building shale completed, l b we shall realise our most sanguine pxpectat ions, and that the Liverpool Sailors' Home will prove not unworthy the patronage of her Majesty, & of the support and countenance of your Royal Highness. Allow me most respectfully and most sincerely to congratulate your Royal Highness, for having endeared yourself to the people of this nation, by associating your illustrious name with institutions formed for religious, scientific, and phil anthropic purposes ; by these means securing the triumphs of peace and the blessings of christianity : and for having this day added to your well deserved popularity. It now only remains for me to perform the pleasing duty of pre senting to your Royal Highness thts trowel, for the pur pose of enabling your Royal Highness to lay the first stone of our Liverpool Sailors' Home. Mr. Aticriv then presented the trowel to the Prince. His ROYAL HIGHNESS replied aS follows:—"I return you my best thanks for this loyal address. which gives a most gratifying account of the state of this institution and its future prospects. I join with you in fervent prayer that the relisation of its praiseworthy object. towards which this town has shown such liberality, may be further ensured by the solemn act we are about to perform, and in which it has given me the greatest pleasure that you should have invited me to take a part." His Royal Highness then deposited the several articles in their places, and l the stone was lowered amidst the loudest acclamations of the aesembled multitude. " Rule Britannia" was sung by the party of gleesingers, the band and whole of the company joining in the chorus. The Rev. Jonathan Brooks, senior rector, then deli vered the following prayer : " 0 Almighty and everliving God, of whose only gift it cometh that thy faithful people do unto thee any true and laudable service, we humbly beseech thee to accept the ,prayers which we offer to thy Divine Majesty for the suc cessful progress of the undertaking which has now been so auspiciously commenced. We acknowledge that without thy blessing all human efforts are vain, and that we can do no good thing without thce. Prosper, then, 0 Lord, this work to a happy termination, and grant that what has now been begun in thy name, may be continued and ended in thee. Thou bast commanded us to love one another ; we render unto thee our grateful thanks that thou bast put it into the hearts of thy servants to esta blish an institution intended as a means of increasing the comforts, supplying the wants, and helping the infirmi ties of those of our fellow-men who go down to the sea in ships, and occupy their business in the great waters, and who 'under thee, are humble instruments of that pros perity with which this great commercial town has been so signally favoured. May they who have been most ac tively engaged in promoting this work of mercy be spared to witness its completion, and when, in thy good time, ehey shall be gathered their fathers, raise up, we pray thee, a continued succession of benefactors that, so the spirit of benevolence which has given birth to this insti- tution may never be wanting to encourage and support it. And as to those who are to be the future inmates of this house, grant to them, 0 Lord, that it may prove to them a sure refuge in the day of trial, that when the storms and perils of the ocean are passed they may find it a haven of peace. Grant that it may shield them from those temptati ons to which, upon their periodical return to their native shores, theyare more particularly exposed; and grant, above all, that the religious instruction and consolations which will be here provided for them, may be the means of bring ing many of them to Thee, of preserving them from sin here, and from the effects of sin hereafter. May they be rooted and built up in Jesus Christ, established in faith, zealous in every good word and work, and abounding ever more and more in thanksgiving to thee, and in gra titude to their earthly benefactors. May thy fatherly hand ever be over them, may thy holy spirit ever be with them, and solead them to the knowledge and obedience of thy word, that they may be accounted amongst the num ber of thy faithful servants. ,Lastly, we pray that both they who give and they who receive may be united together in one holy bond of union, and when earthly things have passed away, when their respective duties have been dis charged in this world, and their mortal race is for ever closed, may they at last meet together in thy heavenly kingdom. These our prayers we offer unto thee in the name and through the mediation of thy blessed Son Jesus Christ, our Lord and Saviour, in whose perfect form of words we conclude our petitions. Our Father, &c. His Royal Highness joined in the responses. Three cheers were then given for the Queen, and his Royal Highness drove direct to the railway station. He arrived at twenty-five minutes to four o'clock, and the train started at ten minutes to four o'clock. While it was getting ready his Royal Highness walked leisurely through the yard. None but his suite and the officials were present. Hii Royal Highness Prince Albert returned to Buck ingham Palace at a quarter past ten on Friday night. THE SEAMEN'S DINNER In accordance with the announcements previously made, the dinner given to the seamen of Liverpool took place at the Albert Warehouses, after the laying of the first stone of the Sailors' Home by his Royal Highness Prince Albert. Three o'clock was the time appointed for the dinner to be placed upon the table, but owing to misma nagement in some quarter, or perhaps to the fact of the ceremony at the site of the projected institution being unavoidably delayed, the " good things of this life" did not make their appearance until a considerable lapse had transpired. At half-past three the guests were not ad mitted, although they swarmed round the entrance, and testified their impatience in unscrupulous terms; indeed the waiters had not, at this time, finished their prepara tions about the tables. The room presented the same appearance that it did on the previous day, when the dejeuner was given to the Prince. Lord Adolphus Fitz clarence and the captain of the Albert were in the room before the company was admitted ; they walked about in deep conversation, apparently admiring the style of the the tables, and afterwards joined two other naval officers, who, with James Aspinall, Esq., stood at one end of the room. Shortly afterwards the Rev. R. Davies, minister of St. Paul's, entered theroom, followed by James Aiken, Esq., chairman of the committee of the Sailors' Home, Major-General Warre, and Colonel Wemyss. The com pany entered the room at half-past four, and soon appro priated the vacant seats. We should judge that, with the sailors, there were more than eight hundred present. About five o'clock the Mayor entered, arm in arm with the Rev. H. M'Neile, and followed by Sir Howard Douglas, the rev. Jonathan Brooks, the senior rector ; Dr. Tattersall ; W. Brown, Esq., M.P. ; Mr. Sands, Mr. Tyrer, and other gentlemen. James Aikin, Esq., occupied the chair, supported on his right by the Mayor, and on his left by Viscount Ingestrie. The chair at his Worship's right hand was reserved for Lord Sandon, who did not arrive until the dinner was almost concluded. On the left of Lord Ingestrie was Lord James O'Brien. Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, Sir Howard Douglas, the Rev. Jonathan Brooks, and W. Brown, Esq , satin succession to the right of the Mayor; Major-General Warre, the Rev. H. M'Neile, and Colonel Wemyss, sat to the left of Lord James O'Brien. The Rectal-, in the solemn manner which is peculiar to him, asked a blessing. Mr. Cun ningham, the architect of the Sailors' Home, was present, as was also Mr. John Bramley-Moore, Chairman of the Dock Committee. We noticed r amongst the assembly the following clergy men :—Revs. Dr. Tattersall, Canon M`Neile, Thomas Nolan, Connor, Maynard, Parry, Cordeaux, Barker, Dr. Raffles, J. H. Stewart, Edward Jones, J. H. Jones, Chas. Jones, H. H. Hampton, James Buck (Floating Chapel), Cuthbert, E. J. Nixon, E. Roberts, B. A. Marshall, D. Anderson, Robt. Davies, Davies, and J. Todd Brown. After the other portion of the company had entered and taken their seats, the doors were again thrown open, and about 300 jolly sons of Neptune, consisting of the crews of the royal yatchts, and a number of the seamen connected with the temporary Sailors' Home at present established in Bath. At first they took their seats just where they could get them, preferring evidently the first port where they could anchor. By the directon, however, of Captain Chrispin, of the Victoria and Albert yacht, they were at length arranged exclusively at the two tables on the east side of the room, a boatswain being placed near the head table to signal them by piping his whistle, and another at the other end to reply. The jolly fellows appeared hear tily to enjoy the scene, and, from time to time during the evening, astounded the ears of the landsmen with a ge nuine British cheer. JAMES AIKIN, Esq., the Chairman of the Committee of the Sailors' Home and also chairman of the dinner, rose amidst the most enthusiastic cheers, and commanded the assemblage to charge their glasses for a toast he felt confident they would drink with unusual cordiality ; he would rot have occasion to use many words in prefacing any toast he should propose, and he was confident when the one he should suzgest was given without the slightest comment, it would be drunk with enthusiasm. It was the Queen, in a new and acceptable shape—" Her Majesty the Queen, our Patroness." The glee singers then gave in solo and chorus, save the Queen." " God The main portion of the company having become some what enthusiastic, the Chairman called their attention to the Boatswain's Whistle, and stated that as the evening was fast advancing, he would not, he feared, be able to go through the whole of the toasts; there were, however, a few that could not be omitted, and the one he would then propose was one of the most benevolent ladies England could boast of—a lady who had given freely on this and other occasions, and whose generous disposition was so fully known as to require no long description from him. He gave "The Queen Dowager," which was received with three times three. prefacing the toast with an address illustrating the pro gress of British arms, and calling on the senior member of each service present to reply. (Continued cheers.) Sir HOWARD DOUGLAS, M.P., rose amidst great applause, and said that it fell to him as the senior general of the army present to reply, and the best response he could give, and he trusted the most gratifying to the assembly, was to assure them that the British army retained that full efficiency to which that great man, Wellington, had raised it; and to him was due the credit of the peace that now prevailed, for he had led them from victory to victory, until he accomplished on the plains of Waterloo the deliverance of England from an iron yoke. The gallant gentleman then stated the gratification he felt in the proceedings of the day, and expressed his attach ment to the institution, the laying of the first stone of which they had met to celebrate. Lord JAMES O'BRIEN (on behalf of the navy) said he experienced great regret that it had not fallen into better hands to reply; he would not, however, spin a long yarn, for to sailors they were ever tedious, but would rather, if it would be permitted, address himself to the Chairman and those who surrounded them, for they had now a golden opportunity—an opportunity they should not omit —to educate their sailors; and from his own experience, he would say they would be found more grateful to their Queen and their country, and more useful in their general capacity ; and when necessity required, to none of them would there be occasion to say, " England expects every man to do his duty." The veteran commander concluded by urgently pressing on merchants the advantages they would derive from throwing their fullest support into such an institution as the Sailor's Home, and proposing " The Mayor and Corporation of Liverpool," which was rapturously drunk. The MAYOR, on rising, said, amidst considerable confusion, that he felt himself physically unable to make himself4theard. He returned his sincere thanks on behalf of himself and the Council, for the hearty manner in which the toast had been given. The CHAIRMAN said in submitting the next toast he would wish it to be distinctly understood that no political feeling was connected with it. They had met for one object, and their desire was to steer clear of all political purposes. He gave " The Members for the County." WILLIAM BROWN, Esq., M.P., replied, but so great was the c3nfusion that it was impossible to obtain his address. He, however, noticed the royal visit, and the benefits that would be derived from the establishment of a Sailors' Home. At the close he proposed the health of a lady who was second to none in Liverpool, and who was ever foremost in forwarding by her bounty the establish ment of institutions beneficial to the town—" Mrs. Aikin, the lady of the Chairman." Mr. AIKIN called one of his sons to reply. Mr. AMIN, jun., then rose and stated the gratification he felt at the honour they had done his parent. That day had been the most joyous he had ever spent, and that hour was, he believed, the happiest of his life. He could not but admire the course his father had pursued, and his conduct showed to him a duty he should never desert. He returned his sincere thanks for the honour they had done his father. Mr. ATKIN, sen.—Your mother. Mr. AnuN, jun., amidst loud laughter and applause, stated that he had expressed his feelings, and whether for father or mother they were alike fervent. The CHAIRMAN then proposed " The Members for the Borough," which was drunk with three times three. Lord SANDON then rose amidst the most enthusiastic applause, and stated the unmilpd gratification he felt at being present on such an occasion,—a gratification that was increased by his having been one of the first to forward the establishment of a Sailors' Home in London ; and though Liverpool was in the wake of London in its establishment, he felt convinced, from the interest evinced, it would not languish here, but would, ere long, surpass all others, for their preparations were on a more extended scale. The seamen of England were the wealth of the nation ; and by educating them they would advance their interests, and with their interests the interests of the country, and their determination to effect the object was shown by the walls and waters beaming with life and loyalty. He felt satisfied that if there was any object common with all, it must be the Sailors' Home. (Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN next proposed " The health of Edward Rushton, Esq.," who bad always proved himself a true friend and protector to the sailor. In returning thanks for his health being drunk, the worthy magistrate (Mr. Rushton) was most enthusiasti cally received. He begged to return his most sincere thanks for the generous terms in which the chairman had been pleased to propose his health to the reception of his fellow-townsmen; and he returned his most fervent thanks for the mode in which it had been received; for he hesi tated not to say that there was nothing which could re ward a public servant more gratefully than the expression from public serve is that he had not been unmindful of the trust confided to his charge. He believed that there was no class on board a ship—indeed be was sure that there was no greater curse in his course than the sea at torney—he meant the litigious sailor (hear, hear). But he believed that the sailor would be less litigious, and that the masters of mercantile ships would give less cause for litigation when they were well informed of those wise pro visions which he was glad to say the English laws had made for the sailor ; the assertion of all his rights, and the performance of all his duties. Amidst the vast mass of sailors which frequented this great commer cial emporium he had to decide multifarious dis putes ; but it gave him great pleasure to say, that the great majority of those disputes arose out of a misap prehension of the relative duties of the sailor and master, and not out of any litigious or nefarious spirits. (Hear, hear.) He who knew, therefore, from seven long years' experience, what the routine of discipline in mercantile ships was, had witnessed with great pride the bearfelt sympathy and exertion of their friend, the chairman, to procure the establishment of the great institution• the foundation of which they were that day met to celebrate. (Loud and continued cheers ) Because he bad always thought that from the establishment of that institution, not only would follow the protection of the sailor from many perils worse than those at sea, but because there would follow from it a perfect confidence on the part of the sailor, that the laws of England were consecrated for his protection, and that if his duties were fairly, honestly, and steadfastly discharged, the sailor had no greater friend than the English laws. - (Loud cheering.) He (Mr. Rushton) had long contemplated the giving of a donation to the Sailors' Home, and that donation, if rightly un derstood, would be as good as gold to some—he meant to prepare , for immediate publication, divested of all law yers s language—which, valuable as it might be to some, was yet unreadable to others—an abstract of the Mer chant Seamen's Act divided into two heads, the first, the most important, the sailors' duty ; and next, the remedy which English laws generously, wisely, humanely, af forded him for any infraction of his rights. (Hear, hear, and applause.) He meant not to spin a long yarn, but he hoped to have the work ready for the Sailor's Home in the course of .a very few days; and after its publication it would be the fault of sailor and master if the compara tively few complaints that came into his court were not greatly reduced by these means. (Hear, hear.) Ile hoped the public would see in this disposition that he was mindful of the great obligations which all English men owed to the maritime service of the country. lie sincerely hoped they would see, in what had taken plat that day, that the genera Aug. 4, 1846. body of hailed with special - regard everything which conduces to the comfort, the convenience, and the morals of the sea men (loud cheers). They had long been taught to rely on the maritime virtues of their fellow-citizens for protection. They knew that the true characteristics of an English seaman were to be sustained in the thoughtful daring of Cook, the prompt heroism of Nelson, and the patient caution of Collingwood (vehement cheering). They were proud to own those of their countrymen who had distin guished themselves, and to the remotest period of time the heart of every Englishman would beat with emotion at the ever-memorable saying given out at Trafalgar— that England expected every man to do his duty (loud applause). lie fel` '...fleet at After the cheering had subsided, the CHAIRMAN again rose, and, in proposing the next toast, said that he feared its reception would be so enthusiastic that the cheers would drown his voice. He had a gratification in giving ..,it that each bosom must re the toast, and that gratification was increased by the glo- present meeting the great glories formerly achieved. rious reception its illustrious object had received during the Though he knew and felt that in the presence of the victors last two days, for the time he had bestowed and the conde- of a hundred fights it did not become him to say much ; scension he had shown was fully estimated by the people. he hoped that their future heroes might not have to pass It was gratifying to look around him and find on his right through the perils and to endure the trials and misfor & left officers of the highest rank, captains, merchants, and tunes which others had endured—trials, perils, and mis sailors, all powerfully aiding the objects of the institution, fortunes inseparable from a state of war • but, on the and it was equally satisfactory to see that however free contrary, he hoped that the national flag of England might they were, there was a link of connection between the evermore be the emblem of an invincible peace. Mr. throne and the lowest inhabitants. If ever he gave any- Rushton resumed his seat amid loud applause. thing with sincerity, it was the address he had that day The CHAIRMAN afterwards, in a highly complimentary presented. It was so fully merited that he would not speech, in which he paid a just tribute to the eloquence wish one word lessened or one sentence condensed, for and the efforts of the Rev. Gentleman, in behalf of the the conduct of Prince Albert was beyond all praise. He Sailors' Home, and the amelioration of the character and had raised his name in the hearts of the people by giving condition of the sailor, proposed " The Health of the his sanction and support to the religious, scientific, and Rev. Hugh M'Neile." • philanthropic institutions of :he country. He concluded, Mr. M'Neile's name was received by the tars and all after strongly commending the character of our royal the company with a most enthusiastic burst of applause, visitor, by proposing "the health of Prince Albert." The cheers were thundered forth as though Jack's lungs At the termination of the vociferous cheering, I were strained to the utmost ; it was their own gocd tried The MAYOR, after describing the manner of parting friend, whose advice, had proved their surest compass, with his Royal Highness, stated that previous to his and whose heart they knew was with them most earnestly. leaving, he distinctly stated, "Do make it understood It was a glorious sight that Jack should recognise a how greatly I am' gratified with my reception in Liver- clergyman and a.magistrate (E. Rushton, Esq.) as his pool." (Cheers.). And to forward the interests of the dearest friends. The excessive applause on the proposal institution he had left £lOO as a donation. (Cheers.) of Mr. M'Neile's health having subsided, the reverend The CHAIRMAN then gave, " The Bishops of the gentleman rose and addressed the company nearly as 4 s Diocese," describing, without individual allusions, how follows : greatly they were indebted for the forward state in which Mr. Chairman, gentlemen,—Congratulations become the institution stood to the clergy, and eulogising the the lips when gratitude and joy are in the heart. Before eloquent and toucbjng prayer which had that day been I attempt to give any expression to the gratitude I feel given by the Itev. Rector Brooks, connected his name for the manner in which you have received my name and with the toast, acknowledged my services, I must offer my sincere con.. The Rev. Rector BROOKS, on behaif of the clergy of gratulations to yourself, sir, and to your fellow-labourers the diocese, returned his sincere acknowledgments, and on the committee of the Liverpool Sailors' Home. For as with the toast they had been pleased to connect his som e y ears y ou hav e add ressed y ourselves as men of name, though h e was not aware he deserved it,—when; business, as well as men of philanthropy, to the accom however, he looked forward to the many benefits the plishment of this good work. You encountered diffi establishment of a Sailors' Home would effect, be had culties; you met with discouragements ; you were by the interest of the institution at heart, for it would many considered enthusiasts, embarked in a visionary improve the condition of that body, and whether in a enterp rise. (Hear, hear.) But y ou per s evered ; y ou moral, temporal , or eternal vi ew , h e felt satisfied it would exercised patience without relaxing zeal ; and on every be beneficial. He had been for within two years of half favourable opening, when fresh effort was wise, season a century fulfilling a pastoral duty in Liverpool, and he able energy was ready. You are now reaping, as they al knew well the liberality of her merchant princes, who ways do, who labour without fainting. The fruits of your were ever anxious to forward the interests of the British labour have ripened into happy maturity on this day-- seamen. He had watched Liverpool springing from this ausp icious day, when the hand of our gracious Sove insthificance to the second port in the world and to the reign, in the p erson of the noble Prince, has been stretche d British sailors were w e indebted for this , by carrying into out among us to g ive permanent foundation to our insti. exec ution the enterprising plans of our merchants. No tution for sailors —(loud cheers)—this auspicious da y , c lass of men was more impor t a nt to England than her when we of th is town have been gladened, not only b y the merchant mariners, for we were but an island, situated as cheering beam s of the sun of our natural system, but also it were in the middle of the ocean, the great source of by the condescending and benignant approval of Royalty, the wealth and the importance of which were solely att:i- w hi c h, un d e r the Most High God, the Head of all Po wer , butable to our British seamen. (Cheers.) England's is, next to the natural s un, the source of li g ht and peace great protection, too, had been h er British sailors ; for and joy to the empire—an empire on which neither the when the flaunting eagle was borne triumphantly from sun of nature nor the favour of the Sovereign ever sets. the shores of Italy to the North of Russia, their leader (Loud cheers.) Your ambition has been to accomplish a dared not pass the British isles, for there he knew he substantial good for the community ; and now to success would meet the indomitable British tars. The reverend in your no ble e nterprise is added a smile of approbatio n rector then dwelt at some length on the munificence of (what heart was untouched by the winning softness of the our merchants, and expressed his confidence of their Prince's smile, blended as it was with graceful dignity !) giving their cordial support to the Sailors Home. —a smile of approbation, I must repeat, which, to truly The CHAIRMAN then gave the " Army and Navy," I loyal hearts, is of itself more than a recompense for any THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. labour they could undergo. By the part which his Royal Highness has been graciously pleased to take to-day, we are encouraged to indulge the hope that in years yet to come, when hundreds of England's sailors shall be en joying the protection, and the peace, and the comforts of a home in this town, and when the parents and friends and early Christian. pastors of those men shall be filled with gratitude for the asylum, the fact and the circum stances which have led to and consummated the fact this day will from time to time be presented to the sympathis ing memory of England's adopted Prince, to the maternal heart of England's beloved Queen (continued cheering). Yesterday we heard in this place the chairman of the dock committee speaking, ar.d speaking well. as he always does, in praise of the extension of commerce ; and as the highest eulogium which his wellstored mind could supply, or his eloquent tongue express, he called commerce the best missionary, because it carried a message of good-will to all mankind. The Prince responded, and proposed for our enthusiastic adoption, " Prosperity to British Com merce." sir, if commerce be a message, who, I ask, are the messengers? (hear, hear.) . To them we invite atten tion today, to the hands (loud cheers from the sailors), as they are emphatically and justly called, by which the extension of our commerce is administered. What would the richest commodities avail without intercourse? What the most varied productions, natural and artificial, if the rolling waves of the sea formed a boundary beyond which man could not pass ? (hear, and cheers). Such a thought points going back to the most circumscribed and hopeless barbarism ; and to such we must rapidly sink, even from our present pinnacle, but for our seamen. They supply the magic link of intercommunication, which thereby becomes the stimulus to ever-varying production Through their medium it becomes true, that a measure of real comprehensive wisdom for on nation proves eventually a benefit to all nations (cheers). What should be done for them ? My old friend the noble and gallant telligence to make them available. He has studied hi s author carefully, and aimed, not at merely rendering the text effectively, but at portraying the character of the brave and impetuous Percy. His utterance is sometimes a little thick and clouded, but practice will remove this de fect. If he continues to study his parts, and to regard the precarious profession he has adopted as au art, in which eminence is only to be won by care and thought, he may rise to a high rank in it. Some of the passages were ad mirably given—as that, for instance, in which, as if wholly abstracted from the scene, and giving rapid utter ance involuntarily to the wild thoughts that throng his r from the y meetin admiral (Lord James - O'Brien), who will, I am sure, excuse this passing reference to his kindness in years lonF passed away, has said to you, " Educate your sailors. ' It is a part of our plan to do so. We rejoice in the advancement of knowledge of every knowledge in all its ramifications, everything tha, mathematical science can demonstrate, everything that experimental philosophy can verify; and more than all this, we rejoice in the advancement of the knowledge of God. An army without a general is a dangerous power. We think the same of an education without religion. The noble and gallant admiral added, " Bring up your sailors in the nurture and admonition of the Lord." Sir, let this be done, and we cordially rejoice and co-operate in everything else you desire to teach them. It is an unfounded calumny to say that we are opposed to the advancement of any description of knowledge (shouts of" hear,hear,") but our honest antagonism is roused when we hear every description of knowledge loudly commended with the studied exception of what we know to be the highest and best description of all. (Tremendous cheers.) This, however, is not the time or the place for any pro longed discussion. Among what are pleasantly called the miseries of human life might be enumerated, to address a larger auditory, not too unwilling to choose to hear, but too happy to be able to be quiet. The objects of the Sailors` Home are now before the world. We do not exaggerate them when we claim for them a worthiness of the honour conferred upon them this day. Indeed, were they as comparatively insignificant as they are in truth comparatively important, still, in soliciting for them the attention of royalty, we would not be magnifying our little work into undue importance, but we would be cal culating on that genuine characteristic of real greatness, that while it administers an empire, it can indulgently in spect.and benevolently smile upon the domicile and the industry of an insect. At the conclusion of the Ref. gentleman's speech, thunders of applause again re-echoed through the building. Several other healths were drunk and replied to, in cluding those of the Rev. Tod Brown, Mr. Eyre Evans, &e. ; and the party separated at a tolerably late hour, highly delighted with the proceedings of the evening. We were sorry to observe something very faulty in the supply of provisions to the above entertainment, which, like the previous ones, was furnished by Mr. Lynn, and the supply of dishes was not so plentifpl as it ought to have been. The reason, we understand, is, that that gentle man attempted on the occasion more than, with his other engagements. he was quite able to fulfil, in endeavouring to provide all the dinner hot instead of cold. An apology was made from the chair for the non-entree of a baron of beef, which was nit quite ready. In fact, we understand that half the dishes provided never made their appearance. We regret this failure the more because vic e are sure it was the wish both of the committee and of Mr-Lynn himself, that our tars should be provided with all that could con• duce to their comfort on such an occasion. Perhaps it would have been better, considering Mr. Lynn's heavy engagements during the week, if some other caterer had been engaged for this dinner. BIRKENHEAD FERRY.—The public have a right to be obliged to the spirited lessees of this ferry, Messrs. Wil loughby, for the arrangements made during the past week to afford the utmost facilities for obtaining a view of the royal yachts, stationed in the Sloyne. Tricir boats sailed round the Victoria and Albert, and approached the little Fairy every trip ; and we were glad to see that thousands daily availed themselves of the opportunity, notwith standing the rather little minded attempt of the commis sioners to persuade the public that the direct route to Bir kenhead was by the Woodside slip. THE ROYAL YACHTS.---It was fully expected, that we aave had a more extended time allowed us of in specting these beautifully fitted vessels during the present week. On Friday, however, probably owing to the visit of the King and Queen of the Belgians, a despatch was received ordering them round to Plymouth to convey the royal party to Cowes ; and on Saturday afternoon they quitted our river to proceed on their voyage. We should, however, be wanting in our duty, if we omitted to record the thanks of numbers of our townsmen and fair towns women to Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence ; also to Com mander Crispin and his brother officers, for the opportu nities so kindly accorded, during their short stay with us. should STATE OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE SPRING QUARTER, 1846. brain, he speculates on plucking faced moon, and dragging it up from the deep ture of Hotspur, most intent on what is mos and dangerous, was well shadowed out in this en( rhapsody. Mr. Creswick has since appeared as 11 Waller, in ` The Hunchback,' and confirmed the favor able opinion of his powers formed from his opening st visior perforrilance." LIVERPOOL BOROUGH BANK.—The tenth ann rs in this bank was Clarendon-rooms, South John-street, on Tuesday, two o'clock—John Pennington, Esq., in the chair—f the purpose of receiving the report of the directors, al electing three directors, in the room of those who retire e was very numerou report, which was submitted, explained that no dividend would be declared on the last half-year's profit and in terest account, in consequence of the losses which the bank had sustained by reason of its advances to Messrs. Stockdale and Co., which had entirely absorbed the re served fund of the bank, and reduced the capit•ul by . £40,000. The report also stated that Mr. Jerdein, the manager of the bank, had tendered his resignation, that it had been accepted, and that Mr. Cross, a gentleman emi nently qualified, had been appointed to the situation. It also stated that the two managing directors, Mr. no- therain and Mr. Dixon, had resigned their offi that Mr. William Rathbone and Mr. J. Bramley-Moore had been elected in their stead. The report concluded by expressing the firm belief of the directors that, as the bu , natural siness of the bank was yielding a very handsome yearly profit on its rezular transactions, to believe that in the course of the next six months ere was eve capital would be restored to its original amount the affairs of the bank would go on prosper , having been proposed and seconded that the rei • and that ()tidy. It port be re- ceived, a warm discussion took place ; but it was unanimously carried, that the report. as submitted, with the resignation of Mr. Jerdein, should be received ; and that the directors should be at full liberty to retain the services of Mr. Jerdein, so long as his assistance might be required by the new manager, or be of utility to the busi ness of the bank. The three retiring directors, Messrs. Jones , Mellor, and Pennington, were then unanimously re-elected, and the proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks to the chairman. tatraturr. POETRY. SONG OF THE OLD BELL Circling Alps ye hear the wail Of Saint Mary's bell ; Hark! upon the sobbing gale Rings the funeral knell! Soon, my latest murmur past, I shall sigh no more; Silent on the list'ning blast— Silent on the shore. Dumb on wild Lugano's wave That shall mourn in vain; Mute in Salvatore's caves, . . IC e'er to wake again I Heard no more on Cima's brow, Where, her dm beside, Meet the c - ncileven now, And her law. decide Heard not where the surges beat, Swelling Where the echoing rocks repeat Songs of liberty. Monte Rosa, 'midst the skiee Shall lio more rejoice, 'hat above her crest should rise My accustomed voice !7 , ; k k C a . n ,p o r t i i n ie o r a t n o d net r cells, When to San Lorenzo's bells, They reply alone. Holy Mary's glories all Other voices tell; Silence and oblivion''s pall Clots o'er her hell I Miss Costello's Tour from Venic VARIETIES " I'm a vi when they p ictim to art;ficial society," as the monkey a , ut the trousers on him. _ . CREDITABLE.—NearIy half of the French army can neither read nor write, viz., 124,131 out of 252,383 men. PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS.—Mr. Hume: To move for a return of all the policemen in plain clothes.—Mr. Hudson: To move for a return of all the Railway Di rectors who have left England.—Lord Brougham: To move for a return of Lord Lyndhurst to the woolsack.— YANKEE PHILOSOPHY.-If a wish to b • keep hum Idleness is harder work than ploughing, a good deal. There is more fun sweating an hour than in yawning a century. Few people, however, will believe this, yet it is as true as Genesis. Indolence is not easy— neither is wealth happiness. " Life's cares are comforts. and he that has none must be wretched." PLEASURES OF ACTIVE LIFE.—None so little enjoy life, and are such burdens to themselves, as those who have nothing to do. The active only enjoy life. He who knows not what it is to labour, knows not what it is to .'rjov. Recreation is only valuable as it unbends us; the idle kno That scution nothing of it. It is exertion that render rest delightful, and sleep sweet and undisturbed the happiness of life depends on the regular prr of some laudable purpose, or lawful calling, which en gages, helps, and enlivens all our powers, let those bear 3s who, after spending years in active usefulness, etire to enjoy themselves—they are a burden to them- A LADY'S OPINION OF TUE QUALITIES OF A HORSE. —Juliana Bernes, sister to Richard Lord Bernes, and prioress of the Nunnery of Sopewell, about the year 1481, wrote three treatises on hunting, hawking, and armoury, or heraldry, which soon afterwards were first printed in the neighbouring monastery of St. Alban's, in which she maintained " that a good horse should always have XV good proprytes and condycions. That is to wyte, thre of a man, thre of a woman, thre of a fox, thre of a hare, and thre of an asse. Of a man, bolde, pryde, and hardye. Of a woman, fayrebreasted, fair of heere, and easy move. Of a fox, a fayre tayelle, short eeres, with a good trotte. 01 an hare, a great eye, a dry heed, and well renoynge. Of an asse, a big chynn, a flat legge and a good hove" (hoof). JULIET'S TOMB.—A sulky German woman showed me the sarcophagus, called Juliet's tomb, which still stands in a dirty shed at the bottom of a slovenly but luxuriant garden, evidently once belonging to a convent, no doubt that of Friar Lawrence. The coffin was half full of water; the edges of red marble were much mutilated, having been chipped to make relics; there is a . circular depression in the stone to receive the head of t- very large size, and clumsily constructed. It is certainly, although earlier than the date assigned as the period when the lovers lived, not Rom'an, as has been asserted, and known a old house, now a common inn, is shown as the palace of passed to the yard behind, is curious, and• there is much in the building which proves it to belong to the thirteenth century ; a row of pretty ancient pointed windows may have faced the garden, and to one of them Juliet's balcony might have been attached; though this is one of the few houses in Verona which has no balcony. I never saw so many in any place before, and a few are extremely ancient, some of carved wood, and some of ponderous ornamented stone.—Miss Costello's Italy. MILITARY SPORT.—The musket-ammunition within the walls became so scarce that instructions were given to collect the bullets which the enemy threw, and to run them into moulds for the use of the garrison. Some idea, likewise, may be formed of the nature of the leaden hail under which the garrison lived, when it is stated, that one officer collected in a day, for his own use, not fewer than one hundred and thirty bullets; and, as powder was happily abundant, a supply of cartridges came into store. not before it was needed. And here it may be well to ob- serve, that atnong the officers in garrison, there were seat of war . These, for the lack of other gz;me, took to gainst the Affghans; and many a capitol shot cessity for it arose. For example, the grass-cutters went forth every morning to collect fodder for the animals. If it was meant that they should penetrate to a spot far re- there seemed to be forage enough near at hand, they were permitted to go unguarded, the sentinels on the ramparts looking out for them. On these occasions it was that the good aim of one or more amateur riflemen saved many a valuable life, and secured food for the cavalry horses ; for it was considered a mere amusement to keep an eye upon the enemy's parties, and to knock down the boldest as often as in the attempt to cut off the foragers they ventured within range.—Sa'e's Brigade in Afghanistan. CURIOUS TALE ABOUT PAGANINI.—A singular tale appeared in the papers, stating that Paganini was a violin maker, living in one of the narrow streets of Milan. He kept a little shop with his violins hanging in his window, and was so good-looking that the lasses of Milan used to pass down the street to have a look at the handsome fid dle-maker. One day a gentleman called with a violin to be repaired, and accidentally left a book behind him on the transmigration of souls, a subject, of all others, that interested Paganini. He read it with avidity. In a small room, at the back of his shop. lay his aged and accomp lished mother on her deathbed. Paganini had just finished a fine violin, and, in the full persuasion of the transmigration of souls, he placed a leathern tube over the mouth of his mother, at the instant of her departure, and received her last breath at the S holes of the fiddle. This was his magical violin, with which he set out upon his travels. When performing in the Opera-house, add imitating the tones of the voice, in a piece w hi c h he called "The Witches under the Walnut Trees," a French valet' was thrown into a state of frenzy. He waited upon hPaganini been th a e next l n v Morning, ga'aa th at , w .w h i e t n h young he had been a lover of his mother, and that,,with inex delight, while listening t o his p erformance last night, he recognised her voice in the tones of his violin. I have preserved this ridiculou s tale, as it ma y tend t o show the extent of the sensat ion created b y this extraor dinary man, on his arrival her e, when p ublic writer s could ad told hi t In t h h think it worth their while to invent such stories.—Gar diner's Music and Friends. (From the Registrar-General's Report.) The quarterly'returns are obtained from 115 districts, sub-divided into 576 sub-districts. Thirty-four districts are in the metropolis, and the remaining 81 districts com prise, with some agricultural districts, the principal towns and cities of England. The population was 6,579,693 in 1811. 43,582 deaths were registered in the spring quarter end ing June 30th—a number greater by 2,853 than were re gistered in the corresvnding quarter of 1845, and 4,731 more than in the June quarter of 1814. The mortality was little. lower than in the preceding mild winter quarter, when the deaths were nearly 5000 less than the average. The districts of Lancashire and Yorkshire 'were the most unhealthy. Taking the whole of the 115 districts, the mortality was above the averace in the spring quarters (ending June 30th) of 1839, 1840, 1846; and below the average in the spring quarters of 1811, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1815. There was an evident tendency to decline through the eight years ; but in 1846 this tendency was counter acted, and the deaths exceeded the calculatel average. 1 Th- "de -t- -lies of water by co , -at* the _ne inadequate supp, .ilpanles, imperfect sewerage in towns, the open drains and ditches, and the general neglect of cleanliness, leave everywhere great quantities of organic matter to decay and putrify in the midst of crowded populations. In such circum stances, the mortality, like putrefaction, is always in creased when the temperature is high ; and epidemics of diarrhoea, dysentery, and cholera prevail. Many thou sands of the people of England were carried off in the last quarter by these diseases and others of the zymotic class. The deaths in the quarter were 43,582. If the mor tality had not been higher in the towns than in the poor country districts, where the air is purer, the deaths in the quarter would not have exceeded 33,000. Within the last three months, ten thousand lives have been destroyed in a part on'y of England by causes which there is every reason to believe may be removed. In the metropolis, the deaths at the close of June from diarrhoea, dysentery, and common cholera rose to 40 weekly, and have since increased. Nor is that to be won dered at. Notwithstanding the improvements effected when cholera was last epidemic, the foul untrapped sewers and the ground areas of the best streets emit noisome smells and volatile poisons, which are as fatal as arsenic to a certain number of persons. London is surrounded, too, by stagnant, putrid ditches, as some cities are by walls. It would be well not to wait carelessly until cho lera reaches the country, but to "look before," remove these nuisances, and purify the reeking atmosphere, which gives the disease breath, life, and being. These remarks apply with tenfold force to Liverpool, Sheffield, last quarter were more fatal than they had ever been be ast one-thi LIVERPOOL St. Martin.—The number of deaths (458) registered this quarter is above the average by nearly 100; hooping cough, measles, and bowel complaint having been very prevalent. Dale-street.—Deaths 287. An increase of deaths over the corresponding quarter of last year of 70. The increase is caused by diarrhoea in grown persons, and convulsions in young children St. Thomas.—The deaths this quarter (296) are 86 more than the spring quarters of the two previous years. The increase has been principally in the month of June; the numbers were in April 86, May 83, June 127. The diseases are phthisis 42, measles 52, pneumonia, &c. 33, diarrhoea 34, hydrocephalus 11, fever 5, dropsy 4, small pox 2 (one of these a child not vaccinated), hooping cough 8, and disease of the heart 15. Coroners' inquests 20. Islington.—Deaths 273. There is an increase of 60 over the corresponding quarter of last year, principally to be attributed to measles and !looping cough. WE.T DERBY. . West Derby.—Deaths 143. There is an increase of 4 in the number of deaths as compared with the preceding quarter. Dysentery, pulmonary complaints, and fever are prevalent, and probably have been more than ordina rily developed in consequence of the excessive heat of the weather, and the want of drainage of the most populous parts of my district. Toxteth.park.—The number of deaths this quarter 450, being an increase of 60 compared with the March quarter 1846. The increase is owing to the number of children that have died during the quarter of measles, hooping cough, diarrhoea, and hydrocephalus. MR. CRESWICK IN LONDON.-Mr. Creswick, the talented per'ermer, who has long been so great a favourite with the critics of Liverpool, is now performing with great success before a Londo n auditory. The Britannia, on authority of acknowledged excellence, in its review of the Shaksperian performances at Sadlers' Wells, says— " An actor new to the London boards, Mr. Creswick ap peared as Hotspur, and sites a very favourabl. impression. He has physical requ for the stage, with great in- IMPORTANCE OF DEEP DRAINAGE Perhaps no more striking illustration of the great im portance of securing free ingress to air and free egress to water in the mass of the soil can be given than that which is derived from the fact that by allowing land to it—ferti- without clopping n short by f lity is renewed, and this plies furnished from he i..___ atmosphere. The atmosphere is our , boundless storehouse of manure, then why not let it freely and deeply into our soil? appeal to the landed nror effect is produced solely by sup ne of the The earns! a deeply to abOr of shallow Hence: and ad effi )ld the Dod in- 9 of money c ly Em tilt useful effect. Y I right to say, of 1 )ommer bout to allude. It ieeply into the land you intend to drain thousand—l will relate to you the extrent looking deeply into the soil, and taking a water. While I was looking into the est s one of a portance ot in Febr last I fc I more ater than in anytE poll excel) on a bog, or st tentive clay hear.) 'lb sands of pounds ha out in drain- I inquired the en put down, and I found whilst in ing this estate without doing much g depth to which the drains had L _ that in some cases they were only a few inch others they were two feet, three feet -- ' feet six inches deep. The land'w I in one case three r it sunk to their fetlocks taken to a field, and I asked the people then employed in if they were acquainted with the depth of the said it might be 100 yards deep, and they might he surface clay, edited by had dug down I thotiiht it as got men to bare c bed of v into the hole ; but when we got sia or seven inches deeper, the hole was immediately full of water. I immediately conceived that 1 saw where the water came from. The land had never been drained to this depth. Drains had been made to the surface, but these drains could not take away the water beneath them ; and as this clay laid upon a pool of water, it was impossible that the cl a y could ever crack, and let the water out. The clay would absorb the water below, and Ps cracking would thereby be prevented, and a three feet drain, therefore, could not absorb the water. I first requested that a drain should be made on a peculiar plan. I had a outfall of sufficient depth to en able me to lay in a drain five feet deep, and I did so. Then, in order to put the soil as nearly as possible in the condition in which it naturally was, 1 caused the trench which had been opened out to receive the pipes to be plugged up with the original clay, and a second line of draining laid in the same direction, and determining in the same outlet, so that there would be water in both, couid determine the quantity of water conveyed away in each, separately or in both conjointly.—Dir. Parkes' Lecture at a Meeting of the Royal Agricultural Society at Newcastle. DEFECTIVE VENTILATION IN DWELLING-HOUSES, WORKSHOPS, SCHOOL-ROOMS, AND PUBLIC BUIL- DINGS, AS A CAUSE OF DISEASE There is an expression of Hippocrates of great depth and meaning, and which, like many other short sentences, contains more than meets the eye. He says, "the whole body inspires and expires," This is an important truth ; for it not only describes a condition withont which life cannot exist, but it also lies at the root of the whole 'bject of ventilation. The vast extent and universal , ion of the atmosphere around the earth, and the numberless contrivances whereby r ire is continually aiming at preserving it in a state of purity, all go to prove, that any confinement or stagnation must be inju rious to health. It is from the atmosphere that man " inspires " the vital element, without which be cannot exist, and it is into the atmosphere that he again " expires " those various ga'eous matters which, if re tained within his frame, would prove equally fatal with the deprivation of air itself. The chief agency whereby those gases and vapours are rendered innocuous is, dilution in the vast mass of the atmosphere, and the purifying ection of rains, winds, and the leaves of plants, It is by these means that the atmospheric 'ocean is pre served in a state of purity, and fitness for the support of living beings. Whenever men depart from the conditions on which health is granted to them, they must infallibly suffer. If they shut themselves in narrow confined streets and courts, which preclude the possibility of a free circulation of air, their health mnst be sacrificed. And s ill more will this be the case, if they increase the impurity of the atmosphere, by having the localities in which they dwell uncleansed and without adequate drainage. But when to these causes, which we have already fully discussed, we add the peculiarly impure air which is allo we d t o ac possibility of renewal, generally without t g-house nd other build from t ob liou power of invent as a habit of extensive and var tion.—Slewart, t water till they got there ascertain the to a yell s " Loni epth of six feet, and beautiful n said t; h of Towne only the general, us reading without reflec- THE RAILROAD TO VENICE.—Since the fates have decreed that the modern improvement and convenience of a railroad is to introduce the sea-born goddess to all iscomersn d e dociuoetut iioced ewt ,ebthffhae f een o enmcd r btho t li h eitur tere e i swwpw f u ariao t arct u dlteo r thurmh e si ,fecyo i saa t er,juiat t i dilr s ndhr sgai compel mn p tflo o epust s citt, s tir: i i i b otoksh l nree e eastt t heh b falmoae a t trtmeattsn;u: elements rs c stte l aeuntioig,dtui quite ote s ibs i of g euir magnificent, surprising, or suitable to the city would have e been projected than the fine range of arches which rise n a straight line, throwing a chain of stone from one pro jection of land to the other. So splendid and so singular ap pearing in character with the ancient reputation of Ve nice,l aqueduct, for such it seems and indeed will answer the purpose of such, will perhaps restore the ruined com merce of the Queen of the Lagunes, and she may once more raise her diademed head amongst the cities, lofty and commanding as of yore. Probably by the time these reminiscenses have passed through the press, this won drous railroad will be completed, and Venice be made as easy of access as any other town of the north of Italy. A continuation is projected to Milan, and, if the consent of the King of Sardinia can be gained, Turin will be joined to that ; how rapid then will be the route from Paris to . fhum mountainsan ingenuit y less perilous, Venice and Paris could sh a k e h an d s i n a day. I could not help looking on the stupendo us b r id ge coul Lyon s,d makeand thefromroTaudrin across t o Vtheeniectee eternal of three miles, which was so rapidly advancing towards completion, with admiration, from the covered boat in which we were seated, as it bounded over the waves ; we were the sole passengers to Venice, except a prer,„l, „.„_ tleman who appeared connected with the works, and who was merely going to the city for letters. He had, he in formed us, never seen its wonders, as he only visited it on business, and should remain as short a time as possi ble there, as he considered it a " triste sejeur!"—Miss Costello's Italy. NUTRIMENT IN SUGAR.—The nutritive I Toperties of As an ali- sugar are much underrat went, Dr. Rush, of Phi s country ielphia, maintains that sugar er, of any subject in nature. Horses and cattle were fed wholly on it at St. Domingo for some months, when the exportationsof sugar and importation of grain were prevented from want of ships. During the crop time in the West Indies all appear fat and flourishing. The cattle fed on the cane tops become sleek and in fine condition. The negroes drink freely of the juice, and be come fat and healthy. Sir George Staunton observes, that many of the slaves and idle persons in China bide them- quantity of ni selves among the canes, and live entirely on them for a time. In that kingdom the emperor compels his body guard to eat a certain quantity of sugar every day, that they may become fat and look portly. Sugar and rice constitute the common food of the people, and every kind of dom'estic animal is fed on sugar. Plagues, malignant fevers, and disorders of the breast, are unknown in the countries where sugar is abundantly eaten as food. The celebrated Dr. Franklin used to drink syrup every night before he went to bed to alleviate the agonies of the stone. —Popular Errors Explained, e I VENICE ON CANVAS, AND VENICE ON THE SEA.—It is this all-pervading presence of light, and this suffusion of rich colour glowing through the deepest shadows, which make the very life and soul of Venice ; but not all who have dwelt in Venice, and breathed her air and lived in her life, have felt their influences ; it is the want of them which renders so many of Canaletti's pictures false and nsatisfactory—to me at -* Al' the t'tne 1 was at Leas‘. _.l L.,. ,LL, Venice I was in a rage at Canaletti. I could not come upon a palace, or a church, or a corner of a canal, which I had not seen in one or other of his pictures. At every moment I was reminded of him. But bow has he painted Venice? Just as we have the face of a beloved friend reproduced by the daguerreotype, or by some bad con scientious painter —some fellow who gives us eyes, nose, and mouth by measure of compass, and leaves out all but shall I find it.? and we canna endure it. Where in Canaletti are the glowing evenirg Skies—the transparent gleaming waters— thesentiment, all countenance; we cannot deny the identity, u frn e form, r 3 freshness and the glory—the dreamy, aerial, fantastic splendour of this city of the sea? Look at one of his bright green of the vine-shad i o c w e e s d pee l' e r ii a ts a i jo h un e i t : to—the pictures—all is real, opaque, solid, stony, formal; even his skies and water—and is that Venice ? " But," says pictures." Venice is like a dream—but this dream upon the canvas, • the wondrous beauty of detail, the clear, delicate 4:Thiirfsuyveo,eunlwi Venice would T h shaeeveekV exquisit eie it ; lines of the flying perspective—so sharp and defined in the midst of a flood of brightness—where are they ? Canaletti gives us the forms without the colour or light. Turner, the colour or lights without the forms. But if you would d m you friend, call take into your soul the very soul and inward lifeand spi rit of Venice—breathe the same • • air—go to Titian ; there is more of Venice in his " Cornaro Family," or his " Pesaro Medonna," than in all the Canalettis in the cor ridor of Windsor. Beautiful they are, I must needs sal it ; but when I think of enchanting Venice, the moat beautiful are to me like prose translations of poetry petrefactions, materialities—" We start, for life eis things want ing there." I know not how it is, but certai n ly at s Ven ice. It that would elsewhere displease, - delight a s church of St. has been said, for instance, " Pat dow n b it b arbarous here. Mark anywhere but in the Piazzi, it where east and west have met to blend t o gether, ~. ~.. glorious.—Mrs. Jameson, on Art. LEV t; 1: I.' , - -- % tSr °.,>4 L1)-1 a case to whit on the tit Tty of tt s one ins K.-Liv the r ,dency to wealco, r