Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-02-21 00:00:00

4totturaniali Saito. THIS DAY On account of whom it may concern. THIS DAT, the 21st instant, at Half-past Eleven o'clock, at the Commercial Saleroom, Temple-court, 240 Barrels WHITE HERRINGS, partly damaged, *a view at 75, Marybone. —Apply to • GEO. BADENACH and SON, Brokers THIS DAY, the 21st instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Commercial Saleroom, 250 Cases Valentia ORANGES, ex. Duero (s.s.), 800 Ditto Ditto DITTO, ex Turia (s.s.), 500 Ditto Messina LEMONS, ex Express, 30 Ditto Naples DITTO, ex Taurus (s.s.), 300 Bags Turkey NUTS, 100 Ditto Bilboa' CHESNUTS, 100 Ditto Black Spanish NUTS, 100 Ditto Para NUTS. Apply to GEO. BADENACH and SON, Brokers TO-MORROW To-xoauow, the 22nd instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the 1,277 Casks BARTII OIL, DAVIES, SYERS, and Co., Brokers, No. 2, Lancaster-buildings. ex Bonita.—Apply to TO-MORROW, the 22nd instant, at Half-past One o'clock, at the Broker's Office, Corn Exchange-buildings, Brunswick-street, 92 Sacks Heated Irish Superfine FLOUR, ex Cherub ; lying in Bateson's warehouse, Drury-lane. 60 Quarters Damaged Egyptian WHEAT, ex Quay, Stanley Dock.—Apply to H. H. GOLDING, Broker. TO AGUICULTURISTS AND OTHERS. Postponed from Friday, the 18thinstant, until TO-XORRROW, the 22nd instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Broker's Office, 16, Exchange-buildings, 607 Bags CASTOR PUMICE, just landed ex D 3 Witt Clinton, from New York. Of this article, Mr. Johnson, Professor of Analytical and Agricultural Chemistry, Yale College, U.S., writes from the analysis (which can be had on application) :---" We may pronounce the Castor Pumice a most valuable fertiliser, fully equal to the average qualities of Linseed and Rape Cakes, which have long held a high rank as manures in England and Germany. lts value as a concentrated fertiliser depends chiefly upon the two ingredients, Phosphoric Acid and Nitrogen, the latter of which passes into Ammonia as the pumice decays. Like Guano, and other Ammonia yielding manures it is of a quick and stimulating character, and may be used to great advantage, either as a direct application„ or in the preparation of composts with swamp manure, &e., &c."—Apply to Messrs. Maclean, Maris, and Co., Merchants ; or to J. H. RAYNER and Co., Brokers TO-MORROW, the 22nd instant, at One o'clock, at th• Brokers' Office, 16, Exchange-buildings, 500 Tons _Kooria-Mooria GUANO, Apply to Messrs. H. and J. Hornby and Co., J. H. RAYNER and Co., Brokers. ex Ingleboro.— Merchants ; or TO-MORROW, the 22nd instant, at One o'clock, at the Brokers' office, 16, Exchange-buildings, 280 Tons Kooria-Mooria GUANO, -Apply to Messrs. Lamport and Holt, Merchants; or J. H. RAYNER and Co., Brokers. ex Grace to • THURSDAY OD THURSDAY next, the 24th instant, at One o'clock, at the Brokers' Office, 16, Exchange-buildings, 271 Bags Para INDIA RUBB ER, lately landed ex Tit Bit, from Para. —Apply to Messrs. Drake, Kleinwort, and Cohen, Me J. H chants • or to . RAYNER and. Co., Brokers. On THURSDAY next, the 24th instant, at One o'clock, at the Broker's Office, 16, Exchange-buildings, 259 Packages Para INDIA RUBBER, j ust landed ex Isabella Scott, from Para.—Apply to Messrs Blessig, Braun, and Co., Merchants ; or to J. H. RAYNER & Co., Brokers. NEXT WEEK 23th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at 2, Dale-street, About 92 Dozen Bottles Mango CHUTNEY, 7 „ PICKLES „ „ , 24 , , Curry POWDER, „ 23 Bottles' ' Sliced Mango FRUIT. BROWNE, HUNTER, and Co., Brokers On MONDAY next, thi Apply to ABNER STETSON, FROM NEW ORLEANS. G. A. 1 to 8 • A. L. Ito 22 100 Bales COTTON, B. M. 1 to 37 P. R. 1 to 33 shipped per above ship by Mr. D. E. Platenius, of New Orleans. Consignees of above Cotton 9re hereby informed that the same has been warehoused. and will, unless claimed within Fourteen days from date, be sold to defray freight and other charges.— Apply to BAKER, BARRON and Co., 19th February, 1859. 52, Tower-buildings East. On 2,alt, JAMES BANKS, CASTLE-BUILDINGS, DERBY-SQUARE, LIVERPOOL. FENCING WIRE, Black, Bright, and Galvanised; TELEGRAPH WIRE and SIGNAL CORD, Wholesale and fOr Exportation. J. It CAMERON CHRONO3fETER MANUFACTURER AND OPTICIAN; 54, SOUTH CASTLE-STREET, LIVERPOOL. MARINE CHRONOMETERS ON SALE OR HIRE. GOLD and SILVER WATCHES, SEXTANTS, QUADRANTS, BAROMETERS, TELESCOPES, 4'c CHARTS FROM LATEST SURVEYS 1 ISTORY OF THE WORKING CLASSES , 'Every Saturday, in the NORTHERN DAILY TIMES, Price One Penny lations of the Convention of Paris. The Unionist party had concocted a plan, the Constantinople journals state, for electing M. Nicolas Golesco in both provinces, but when they found that M. Couza had been successful in Moldavia, they sub stituted, his name. The French steam advice boat Salamandre had left Constantinople for Alexandria, .carrying an Imperial firman sanctioning the execution of thirty of the sanguinary rioters at Djeddah. The Porte had been also applied to, to levy an extraordinary contribution of 900,000 f. on the town as a punishment for the massacre ; but no order to that effect has been sent out by the Salamandre. A few months ago the Porte ordered surveys to be made for the draining of the ex tensive plain of Broussa, which, but for the fevers prevailing there, would be an inexhaustible source of agricultural wealth. These surveys having been completed, the Porte has imposed on Broussa a contribution of two millions of piastres for the expense of the draining operations, of which that town will derive the principal advantages. The steamer Arabia arrived here yesterday from Boston, with three days later news, which, however, contains nothing of stiking or, indeed, of more than ordinary interest. A full summary will be found in another column. A somewhat curious trial in connection with the press took place in the Court of Queen's Bench on Friday. Mr. Woods , who was formerly one of the staff of the Morning Herald, made an arrange ment with the proprietors of that journal to go on board the Agamemnon and describe the process of laying the Atlantic cable. He alleged that they consented to his making arrangements with several other journals, and that they promised not to publish his reports until the day after they were received. Some of them, however, were published in the Evening Herald, whereby he alleged that he sustained considerable loss, as the other papers would not pay for letters which had been printed before they had an opportunity of publishing them. The defendants denied, the existence or any such contract. The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff, £244 16s damages. _ The Bombay mail, with dates to the 25th of January, arrived at Marseilles on Saturday. The Bombay Times states that the kingdom of Oude is completely pacified, and public notice has been given that the provinces of Oude and Rohilcund are open to European families. The election for the borough of Enniskillen took place on Saturday, when Mr. Cole was returned by a majority of thirty. The nomination for East Worcestershire took place on Saturd a y, th e can did ates being Mr. Cal thorp, (whig), and Mr. Pakington (conservative), and the sh )w of hands was declared by the high sheriff to be in favour of Mr. Calthorp. A poll was demanded and fixed for Tuesday next. On Saturday, an inquest was held on a poor fellow named Fish, who hung himself on Friday. He had been 33 years in the Customs, and was superannuated in December, and expected £5O or £6O a year,_ but all he got aft er hi s l ong serv i ce was £25. This had such an effect on his mind that it drove him mad, and whilst in that state he destroyed himself. At the Police Court, a young woman named Anderson was charged • with having attempted to get rid of her illegitimate child, which was born in the. Workhouse, by starving it and pressing on its body.. The child can hardly live, and in that case she will have to stand her trial for murder. WARM WINTER CLOTHING, THE GENTLEMAN'S OUTFITTING WAREHOUSES, - • 26, BOLD-STREET. P. L. MACTAGGART. 24 AND INVERNESS WRAPPERS OVER COATS. DRESSING GOWNS. DRAWERS AND VESTS. FANCY FLANNEL SHIRTS. RAILWAY RUGS AND PLAIDS MUFFLERS AND SCARFS. FLANNELS AND BLANKETS. BOYS' WINTER CLOTHING TO CORRESPONDENTS. Under no circumstances can we insert communications not accompanied by the author's real name and address, not neces sarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. AMUSEMENTS, MEETINGS, &e.—THIS DAY. THEATRE ROYAL—Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mathews. Rcnrsi, AmrniTnEATnE—Sir Wm. and Lady Don. HRIZGLER'S CIRQUE VARlETE—Miscellaneous Attractions. TUE PARISIAN GALLERY OF ANATOMY, Paradise-street. MANDEAS' MENAGERIE - Foot of Shaw's-brow. For particulars see advertisements on Bth page MOND_IY, FEBRUARY 21, 1539 THE BAY'S NEWS The Continental news is somewhat more pacific, and strong opinions now seem to prevail that the fearful calamity of war may be averted. It is stated that England, Russia, and Prussia are agreed to ask Austria to consent to a special con ference, with a view of considering what reforms it may be practicable to introduce into the Roman States, in order to prepare the way for their evacuation by foreign troops. The Paris correspondent of the Herald, in noting this fact, -Ys " The only possible basis of a serious nego tiation would imply the entire renunciation on the part of France and Piedmont of the main part of their pro j ect, namely, the expulsion of Austria from Lombardy and Venice. That question, which is the vital at one of the official French Turin ' and the sine q ua non pamphlet, will not, it is abundantly certain, be submitted under p r esent circumstan ces t, any congress to Austria - which England, Prussia, and are parties." hav e This writer adds :—" I gave before me a fuller analysis than the telegraph m\ of M. Buoys recent circular note to the Germa n courts. It is i said to be in complete opposition to the pa c ifi c articles of the official journals, and re situation as most alarming. The cabinet of an se the Vienna represent s regards war as almost inevitable, and a r nent event. The note expresses satisfactioninithmai; the German governments and peoples have shown themselves desirous of , repelling any attack upon°\vn the Austrian possessions in Italy which are gua ranteed by treaties. It recapitulates the events of the commencement of the century, and expresses a confident hope that a repetition of an epoch of sach sad memory is not now possible. Looking to the eventualities of war, it expresses a desire that the German Governments should frankly state their opinions and the course which they would be disposed to follow in given contingencies. The despatch concludes by saying that the question is not yet ripe to be laid before the Diet of Frankfort. We have received the Constantinople journals. and letters t o th e 9th, brought by the Euphrate. The int e lli gence o f t h e secon d e l ec tion of Colonel c ouza, which reached the Turkish capital by telegraph, had caused the greatest. sensationois it was considered completely contrary to the stip'. PEACE IN INDIA THE great blessing of peace having now, it is hoped and believed, been restored to our Indian dominions, it becomes the Government not only to consider how this most happy consummation of its arduous endeavours to re-establish the supremacy of British rule is to be maintained, but how, more especially, those great mistakes are in future to be avoided which both led to the recent rebellion and rendered its suppression so difficult. Peace has not been restored, as we all know, without a fearful struggle, or without an enormous sacrifice, both of human life and precuniary resources. In little more than two years, somewhere about twenty millions sterling have been expended directly upon that object. How much it has cost in one shape or another, indirectly, is at present beyond all accurate calculation. But there has, for instance, inter alia, been a loss of revenue from non-collection, amounting, with the destruction of property, to nearly six millions. The loss from the interruption of trade and agriculture must, of course, be estimated. The financial condition of India has t herefore been made very critical. Its debt is now This incumbrance has risen, it a serious affair. appears, from £16,600,000 in 1800, to £55,900,000 in '56-'57, an increase which however absolutely large, has not kept pace with the increase of re venue from £9,200,00D at the former period, to £31,300,002 at the latter: The present amount of the debt, including all liabilities, is £74,000,000 . As a matter of course, it has been very largely increased by the long series of wars in which we have unhappily been engaged. It is, in reason, to be expected that, at least, this debt will not now be further increased, if it cannot be much dimi nished. There will surely, as a natural consequence of peace, be a considerable decrease, gradually, it may be, but surely, of the amount of outlay,--the more particularly as the present deficit, which, on the past year alone, is not far short of ten millions, has principally arisen from the extraor- dinary military charges incident to the , war. It is to be hoped that not only will the present military stablishment not be permanent, but that its 'eduction may be such as to tell very materially in favour of an improvement in the financial interests of the empire. The European army now amounts to 91,530, and the native troops to 13,952 the former having been doubled, and the latter considerably augmented, in consequence of the rebellion. / But as this great augmentation took place for a specific and very urgent purpose, which has now been served, there seems to be no good reason why the army might not soon be reduced to almost its former dimensions. The whole deficit that has to be made up were of itself sufficient to call for the most rigid economy. It is calculated, we find, that the income for the current year will be £33,015,000, and the expenditure about £45,629,000, shewing a deficiency of £12,600,000, making a total deficit to be provided for of .Z 21,700,000 since the rebellion. And this is quite irrespective of the amount that will have to be paid as compensation for loss of property,- - which, however, will to some extent be met by the confiscations that must take place. There is every reason to hope that India may now becom e so prosperous, if only tranquillity can be fully restored and perpetuated, as to furnish , in no long time, ample revenue for all its needs, great as they may now appear to be. The introduction of railways, the extended irrigation of land, the greater security of landed tenure, and the consequent increase of agricultural and com mercial enterprise, can scarcely fail to have a powerful effect, in bringing things round to a, prosperous state. But in the endeavour to promote the material progress of the country, let us trust that higher considerations will not, as unfortunately has hitherto been,too often the case, be altogether, or, indeed, in any degree, disregarded. This great fact has been demonstrated, it is evident, by the rebellion which has threatened to drive us away from that country, after so long a possession of it,—the fact, namely,, that had we only presented ourselves to the natives in a more Christian character tl*n unhappily we had ever vouchsafed' to do; they n ever wou ld have thought us the demons they appear to have done. But we professed a religion, the precepts and the obliga tions ot which were seldom, or never practically illustrated before their eyes. In some respects, the morality of their own gross superstitions was shewn to be positively greater than that which ou r own diviner system was producing. Christianity, therefore, was frequently represented to them, in its practical influences, as something very like a sham and an unreality. Their own idolatries have at least the merit of sincerity and earnestness ; and " they not Unnaturally, therefore, 'judged the Christianity of England by the same rule which they exemplified in their own religious profession. Not that we would, for a moment, think of such a thing as proselytizing. The superstitions of India are only to be overcome by the influences of conviction ; and such conviction must be allowed to grow in their minds-4t cannot be forced ; while nothing can so surely proinote its culture, as their seeing and knowing the force of Christian truth by the charities of Christian life. Ours is a religion which certainly, and often silently, says to such idolators, in the persons of its professors, " I shew unto you a more excellent way." But then this more excellent way must be shewn, not in words only, but in deeds also, deeds as individuals, and our deeds as a Christian nation THE PREPARATIONS . FOR WAR. THANK GoD it is not England, on this occasion, that is making preparations for War ! England finds it necessary to increase and improve her naval armaments, not for purposes of attack, but only in self-defence, should need be. The alarm of war which the French Emperor has raised, has rendered this more than ever indispensable ; and the consequence is, that the country will be put to an enormous expense, but for which it is pro bable there would have been some remission of taxation. We find, with reference to this necessity of putting the British Navy into a more efficient state, that while the last vote, for the financial year 1858-9, according• to the revised estimates, and including the supplementary .vote of £30,000 for dockyard labourers, amounted to £8,851,371, tie estimates for the present year amount to £9,813,181, —chewing a net increase of £961,810. Thus nearly a million sterling is required in our naval department alone, for the purpose of meeting the apprehension the EMPEROR of the French is creating on the subject of war. England's great consolation is, however, that it is not with the object of engaging in war opera tions that her Naval armaments are to be augmented, 'bat to defend her own interests against the influences of such operations on the part of another, —of him of whom we read in the French correspon dence of the journals of the day, that " although many days have elapsed since the delivery of. the Emperor's Speech, the same state of alarm and uncertainty continues to prevail in Paris. Military preparations continue on both sides of the Alps, and an impression actually prevails that before two months have elapsed hostilities will have broken out." Such is the feeling of anxiety and alarm now prevalent in Paris,—and not there only, but eve: a large portion of the continent. And the effect of it is to create great depression in the funds, and to throw the trade of the country into a state of. stagnation. The Emperor—he who has pro claimed so boastfully that his Empire is peace-.- has raised a war cry which the enemies of peace are taking up and re-echoing in all directions ; improving upon his Majesty's declarations in various warlike ways, even to the naischievous effect, as we see it expressed in one of the Paris journals, under Imperial sanction, of course, " that when an exhausted nation, rife for liberty, holds out her hand to France, it is the right and the duty of France to assist her,—at first by diplomatic means, and in default by arms,"—a sentiment most detri mental to the peace of Europe, but which France is proceeding to illustrate by taking up arms, and inciting Sardinia to do so likewise, against the Emperor of Austria. The French ruler is showing more and more determinedly his feeling to that Gni. Among the latest intelligence we have from France, it is mentioned, for instance, that the musketry practice, which does not usually begin till May, is to commence forthwith in the army of Lyons, and that the Commandant- in-Chief in Algeria, fro:n which colony so large a portion of the French army has been brought home; has receivel instructions for the formation of a secondary division, in case of war. w th Austria being decided upon,—that apprehen ded war which the French Emperor is doing so much to provoke. No wonder that Austria, too, should be girding 01 her armour. Troops in abundance are being posted, and whole batteries of artillery are being set down, at every weak point of the southern frontiers. The military strength of Austria in time of peace is represented by 40 ),009 men, but in time of war by 750,000 men ; and it is said that this larger amount of troops is now ready to take the field. The Austrian navy is necessarily less for,nidable. It is composed of 135 vessels, arm 33. with 852 guns, and manned by 8,707 sea men. The navy is of very recent creation, find is inferior in strength to the navies of the two leading Italian powers, Sardinia and Naples. But the war, which France is provoking with Austria, will be carried on by the armies, not the navies of the belligerents ; and Austria would appear to be fully prepared for it in that department. Austria, however, is doing nothing that can j us tify France in the hostile attitude that she has assumed. She is acting, in what she is doing to the affected offence of France, according to treaties by which, she is bound. But then when one sees it stated, under Imperial approval, that " these treaties, drawl up to serve priyilte interes ts? THE - NORTH - ERN Milk& MONDAir; PERRUARY - N, -1859 cannot be held as a sufficient ground for disturbing, the general treaties conceived by a general interest," it is evident that treaties are to be regarded but as so much waste paper, wh has to be gratified... Austria, it is true, does what is distasteful- to France in having troops in Italy; put, s he has „them there at the request of the Italian Governments. And surely, as the case has been well put—" the .right of the Austrians to occupy Ancona is quite as good asthat of the French to occupy Ro'nie and Civita Vecchia." Let LOUIS NAPOLEON himself set the exiaaple, and th3a he May with all the better grace, ask his Imperial' brother of Austria to go and d 3 likewise. Sardinia only enters into the case as part and parcel of the means employed by France against Austria. Her preparations for war are, according to - her circumstances, greatest and Lmost threatening of all. But it is to be war. : which France will direct--- in which Sardinia will be a cat's paw. The French Empetor has his own ends to gain by it. And hence the hopelssness of any reasonable overtures to disconrage that object. e a covetous ambition INCREASED CULTURE OF COTTON Tins object, so important as it has been shewn to be to the interests of England, and indeed of the world, is engaging earnest . attention in the United States, not from those who are interested in the culture of Cotton in that country, but those who seek to promote it in Africa, as a means of pro viding for the absorption of the free_ negro popula tion of the north. The African colony of Liberia presents a -field, they contend, for such :culture, which promises to furnish .the product Oun dantly and cheaply, at the same time that it affords a rare opportunity of civilising the negro race. The people of that colony, it is argued, tare struggling to prove by experiment that the negro is capable of maintaining a free government, formed on republican principles ; that he can pros perously carry on business in all its departments of agriculture, the mechanical arts, and trade ; that he can maintain religious and literary institutions ; that his race can be elevated equally with other races ; and that 'it can take a respectable rank among the leading nations, of the earth. So far, although the experiment has been partially:suc cessful, the sable colonists have laboured under many disadvantages, and " a great part of them," we see it stated in an addressOin their behalf to the free coloured population of New England, " were slaves manumitted in the Southern States for the purpose of being sent as colonists to Liberia." Their owners being generally philanthropic men, gave them some preparatory education, but it must have been very imperfect at best. They lacked experience in self-government. They had been accustomed as slaves to have tasks assigned to them, and had not that invaluable training which the free labourer has in assigning his own tasks. The habit of their whole - lives would, there fore, strongly incline them to indolence; as soon as the compulsion of a master was removed. It was under this great disadvantage that they went out to commence their industry. Nor had they been trained to habits of economy , and calculation." The object of this state ment is to induce the negroes of the free States to go and assist them in an experiment so !important to their race, and for the more advantageous working out of which, it is urged, they are so much better qualified. " Many of them," they are reminded, " understand northern farming, and many of them are pretty good mechanics. All of them have 'seen good tools, and a large part of them have considerable acquaint ance with the use of tools, and with skilful processes of, labour. They have had opportunity to observe the improvements that free labour and educated labour is constantly making, and they could do much to suggest and introduce improvements in agriculture and the mechanic arts in Liberia. They have much valuable knowledge in respect to the management of religious and educatiOnal establishments here, and could render valuable aid in their organization abd management there. They are accustomed to live here, not like the slaves of the South, but in families, many of which are well ordered. They are accustomed to the use of comfortable furni ture, and to the restraints, courtesies, and enjoy ments of social life. In this respect many of their women could do much to improve the social condition of Liberia." All this, we believe, is perfectly true ; and although it may perhaps be suspected that the motive for seeking the removal of the free colonial population of New Eagland proceeds as much from a wish to get rid of them, as from any higher and more disinterested desire, still it is calculated to serve a good and useful, and probably a bene volent purpose. But, with respect to their chances of cultivating Cotton to any considerable extent in Liberia. It has been ascertained, we are in the first place to bear in mind, that not only Liberia but other extensive regions of Western Africa, are admirably adapted to the growth of Cotton. It grows perennially, and therefore its cultivation requires much less labour than in America. "In Liberia," it is observed, " the culture is still in its infancy ; but its success is so great that Gov. ROBERTS proposes to encourage its extension by offering legislative premiums for the best Cotton fields. " And it proposes to be in furtherance of this idea , that the friends of the negro race in' New England are appealed to, as having it in their power to give effect to their wishes by donations for such premiums. Then. they are informed of the eagerness with which some of our English manufacinrers are seeking supplies of Cotton for Liberia, and other portions of Western Africa. " In 1852, they imported 1,800 lbs. from Western Africa. In .1856 they increased their import to 11,500 lbs. ; in 1857 ,it was 35,400 lbs., and in the first five months of 1858 it was 94,400 lbs. The in crease of quantity is partly owing to the fact that they have introduced the cotton gin, and have taught some of the people how to use it. They had last year sent two hundred and fifty cotton gins there, capable of cleansing 14,0001b5. of (MUM per day, and these machines had been bought and paid to: by native Africans who understood how to use thebli, and were going into the business of preparing Cottt.'n for the English market" We give thi s s t a t emen i, be it under stood, on American auth or ity ; an d are not at present in a pogtion to vouch for its aecurtzcy in all respects. But certainly, if it be anything near the truth, such beginnings, it must be - admitted, are highly encouraging. Of course, England has at present a.deep, an Imperial interest in promoting the culture of Cotton in British India,—in preference, as a source of supply, to any other part of the world. But then, under the most sanguine hopes and expectations, it must of necessity be a long time ere India can be calculated upon to furnish any large proportion of the quantity required, or even of the excess of our demand beyond the American supply. In the meantime, therefore, Western Africa may but reasonably and conveniently, and may we not add, benevolently also, be attended to as a source of supply. The Liberian enterprise, we are not denying, deserves encouragement and support on other and higher grounds than those of commercial interest or convenience. And we believe with the American writer we have quoted, "that there is sufficient capacity in the coloured people to meet this great exigency, and that they can not only secure individual prosperity to themselves, but help to establish a great nation in Liberia, to redeem Africa to civilisation and Christianity, • and destroy negro slavery, not only in this country, but throughout the world. It will probably," he adds, " require much effort to arouse them, and the cause will need the aid of the ablest men among them. There has hitherto been so little that they could do for themselves, that their minds are unaccustomed to the:contem plation of great enterprises, and instead of.,*being self-reliant, they have leaned too much on the sympathy of professed friends. Providence now hedges them in no longer, but opens for them a wide field for noble deeds, where every man who enters must try the strength of his own right arm, and every one who has ability will find ample scope for its exercise." There can be no question, then, that such a work as this is one of great public interest, as well as of real philanthropy. And if, while obtaining increased supplies of Cotton, we can' promote sUch a, work, by all means let us endeavour to take advantage of the opportunity. THE NEW REFORM BILL THE certainty of an immediate measure of :Par liamentary Reform, from her Majesty's Ministers, having now been confirmed by the fixing of so early a day as next Monday week for its introduc tion in the House of Commons, the public anxiety, not so much, perhaps, as to its real character, as with respect to its details, has been excited anew. The announcement of the day, so near at hand, just at the very moment when the opponents, who are too generally also the assailants of the Government, were giving it out that " Ministers are disposed to play a somewhat dangerous game, and that they are ready to deal with all smaller questions and abbreviate all lesser difficulties, if they can but escape the one great difficulty of Reform," made it only all the more hopeful and gratifying. Surely we may now not unreasonably conclude, that such suspicions were not merely unfounded, but unworthy. Standing, as we do, independent of all Ministerial, connection; and all party influence whatever, having nothing to unduly bias us, either in favour Of the A dminis- tration or against them, save, their earnest pursuit or their neglect of a liberal policy, we cannot be fairly supposed to have any partiality when we say, that, so far as it is open to us to form an opinion, the conduct of Ministers appears to have been honest . and straightforward in dealing with this question. It is one, not of their own choosing, as it were. They found it prepared for them by preceding Ministries—Reform Ministries, as they loudly professed to be—which had over and over again hGlared their intention to have it disposed of in a Way satisfactory to Parliament and the country, but who only "kept the word of promise to the ear, and broke it to the hope." Lord DERBY, on as suming office, in his address to the Houe of Lords in explanation of the position and intentions of his Cabinet, stated that further Parliamentary Reform was one of the questions which his prede cessors had left him to deal with, and, if possible, to settle. This object he has evidently kept steadily in view,—he has never appeared disposed to shirk it, in anywise ; and we think it must in justice be admitted, that he, at any rate, has taken the earliest convenient opportunity of—not, like those who preceded him in office, inexcusably breaking, but faithfully keeping that word of pro mise to the hope, which they had.been. content to keep only to the ear. • But though LORD DERBY ha's only taken up the work of others, he is not by any means unqualified, or at an disabled, for its performance. He might not, probably, have undertaken it, at this particular time, of his own accord. But finding it before him,—seeing it had been promised to be done, and that the people calmly awaited it, —his sense of duty led him to take it up : he has had the good faith to resolve to try and discharge what he felt had fallen upon him as an obligation, at the post to which his Sovereign had called him, and for which his former experience as a practical Reformer must have assured him that he was not unfitted. For Lord DERBY, be it remembered, was himself one of the authors of the Reform Bill of 1832. There is surely no in consistency, therefore, in his undertaking to adapt the measure to the altered circumstances of the country,—a step which the country's accelerated progress, during the more than a. quarter of a century that has now elapsed, has rendered so palpably and so urgently necessary. The principles of the Reform Bill of 1832 were considered by the liberal party of that day—of, we believe, all shades-4o be constitutional principles, —all shades, of course we mean, of those who had any respect for such principles, and professed to be guided by them. There were then, is there are now, violent men, who sought revo lution rather thatt reform—to destroy the Consti tution, instead of strengthening, by amending it and as ,at that time r _the R e f orm Bill, though saves..saves.. factory to the country at large, was not S 6 ' t° revolutionists and republicans, so now, it is m°ll than probable, no measure which those who have the responsibilities of the Government upon till' can reasonably be expected to bring forward, Will be likely to satisfy such as have objects in v ie ' s' beyond, and out of character with, the prine l P le k s of our representative system, as one that is to vgnr with three estates of the realm, the object being t° make that• Constitution provide for its own prim er vation, as well as for the interests of its subjeci s ' That the new Reform Bill will be of this.ch l. racter, we think may be taken for granted. 111° great question is; how far it will go in the popular direCtion - . It certainly must go a long w,i o if it is to satisfy the hopes and wishes 0f the country. There must be a generous meastl e of confidence shown, in its . details, of t? worthiness of thousands and tens of thousan4g who are now so unjustly excluded frOm the electife franchise, to possess so, rightful a privilege. A t present, however, all is mere conjecture on th is head. A London contemporary, usually w ell informed, states we see, that it' is believed " th at the Government have resolved to grant the fr4ll - in the counties (occupancy of £lO value) s° , often proposed, and sometimes carried, by 31r " LOCKE KING ;" that "the extension in boroughs to include all householders rated at £9 a year; and that "some thirty or forty of the seats for the worst of the smaller boroughs are to be disfra ry chisel, and the others to be increased by c ontra' butory towns and districts taken from the neigh bourhood, which would leave the 'counties still agricultural, and counterbalance to some e xtent the effect of the £lO qualification." Our c onten r porary further states, that " there are rumor also about, respecting the ballot to be gra nted t ° constituencies, when demanded by two-third' of the electors." Of course it would be id le to discuss such a measure as that on M et : conjecture ; it mi g ht no t i mpro b a bl y t u rn ou to have been fighting with a shadow. But be t he Bill what it may, in its details, which Ministe rs are prepared to submit to the House of Commons: it is one of those mea sures w hi c h th a t H ous e 41 doubtless feel itself bound to deal with, regardle sg altogether of the predilections of its authors' Public opinion must, in such a case, undoubteall have its will ; and we live in hope that the vi ce 11 of the country, ,constit u ti ona ll y expresse d, ¶ secure, as it undoubtedly demands, a measure that will give a full, fair, and therefore, real represen" tation of the people in the great Council of the Nation. 1 , SALAMANCA, THE SPAN[SH BANKER.—A fortnight bard' we gave an account of a curious dinner in Madrid, by certain Gacetilleros to the great capitalist statesul3ll' Salamanca ; and we have received more than one CO ment upon our report, which h as i n d ee d run th e round ° t the English press, has found notice from our gr en . t illustrated contempora r y, an d h as exc i te d no sma ll intend and curiosity. One correction which has been suPP i h ie to us has been recorrected ; th e cos t o f t h e dinner a• been Is. Bd. or Is. 9d., and not more. Bat we since learn, and from a very curious qu ar t er , that the di ane i had a conclusion, and indeed a moral, altogether differ en from the original purpose. Th e di nners o f the g re a t capitalist were thought to ha ve b een somew h a t " gran d ~.0 The Amphytrions on the recent occa s i on w ere , in comb v a v with most journalists, Andalusians, the sharpest an wittiest race in Spain. It was imagi ne d th a t th e money e d magnate would feel himself uneasy in such com Pall under present circumstances. The dinner was more dill° .- • , " modest," it was, says one of our several correspondent; "mean." The wealthy Salamanca, who daily comnin n „ his Jerez and his Havan na h s , was now i nv it e d t o chin' Spanish brandy—a pure spirit of wine, and to o°l l halfpenny cigars. S uc h a man , h owever, i s a l w ays home - equally in the midst of 'Prosperity or advers it y , safety or danger, ea se or em b arrassment ; an d S a l a no tl ,;; knew where he was, w ith w h om h e was conten di ng . accepted the amenities of his hosts ; they found that li e could drink and smoke, more than any of them, even °f Spanish brandy and halfpenny cigars, without being `; the least disturbed. It soon t urne d ou t th at th e adver s e or ironical disposition of the guests was becoming Con verted into admiration - into enthusiasm. The Ant lusians were beaten at their own weapons, and they locv their victor. Andalusian wit being outrun in this practiOl manner, Adalusian poetry was . evoked, speeches were extemporised, and even verges, and a magnificent albunt has recently been forwarded to Salamanca, destined t° contain those burning speeches, those ardent verses, W ith the portraits of those who were present. Those Wb ° asked him to di ne w ith th em th at t h ey m i g ht se° l l ' followed him with their prayers ; and in all Spoi lt : probably, he has no warmer or devoted friends than 1114 intended satirists —Spectator THE COURT The Queen and the Prince Consort, accompanied I)3' Prince Arthur and the Princess Alice, honoured the Per formance at the Olympic Theatre with their presence 0r2 4 . Friday. In,attenda nce were L a d y Churchill, the Ear l °` Verulam, Colonel F. H. Seymour, and Captain the 1 1 ° I/ ' Dudley de Ros. The Prince Consort presided on Friday afternoon at meeting of the Commission for Promoting and Encourar ing the Fine Arts in the Rebuilding the Palace at West- minster His Royal Highnes3, attended by Capt. the Hon. D. de Ros, arrived at the P a l ace of 'Westminster at three o'el° e ' The Commissioners present were--Earl Stanhope, /1i5 : 1 . count Eversley, Lord Ly n dh urst, an d the Right non. , Benjamin Hall. The Secretary, Sir Charles Eastlake' attended. The meeting broke up at half-past four o'el °c " . The Prince Consort rode on horseback in the forenooth attended by his Equerry in Waiting. A deputation from the Law Amendment Society on th „f concentration in one building of the supe r ior worts i v law and equity, h a d an interview with the Earl of Der et yesterday, at his official residence in Downing The deputati on cons i s t e d o f M r. Hastings, Mr. H. Str ia land Cookson, Mr. Se r j ean t Woolrych, Mr. Vaughan, Mr. Allen, and Mr. Edgar (secretary). wit h the Lord Advocate had an interview yesterday '“ the Earl of Derby. Mr. Stuart Wortley had also an interview with 1)15 lordship. Despatches from the Lord Hi g h C omm i ss i one r of thes lonian Islands were received yesterday at the N' .. t u s office. Despatches were sent t o th e G overnors o f Ha, Hong Kong, Ceylon, Mauritius, Labuan, Canada, and the Bahamas. The Queen has been pleased to approve of Mr. Bl be Scott as Consul in the isl an d o f C ey l on f or H i s M a jesty t King of Sweden and Norway. e tor The Queen has been h as b een p l eased to appoint l'edo Zimelli, Esq., to be S u p er i nten d ent of Police ; Ferdirtblo Vincenzo Inglott, E sq., to b e Controller of Charity of Institutions ; Giovanni Vella, Esq., to be Collee t°l l . i i r Land Revenue ; Guiseppe Montanaro, Esq., to be C Bse i of the Loc a l Treasury ;. and Giovanni Battsta TraP a d Esq., to be Assistant in the Chief Secretary's Office Clerk to the Council for the Island of Malta. ' • ^ O .l Her Majesty. has also been pleased to appoint Vl i ti o rl Mowliray Cole, Esq., to be Auditor-General col-Alec°oi of the Cape of Good Hope,