The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-06-09 00:00:00

SECOND EDITION. Standard-office, Two o'clock. LIVERPOOL CORN EXCHANGE, THIS DAY. Our supplies coastwise and from Ireland having fallen o ff considerably of late are very small for to-day, except Malt. and those from abroad since this day week are com paratively moderate. With clear, sunny weather during the last two weeks, the heat was intense, and for the spring c:ops around us the want of rain was obvious, relieved, however, in the c9urse of Sunday night and yesterday by fine refreshing The face, ut tt (Juritry is greatly improved, )gregsing, is abundant. showers and the hay har We have a moderate demand for tle finer descriptions of free Wtleat, at fully the rates of this day week, but all inferior samples sell slowly, at the reduction noted:on Frida y. Goi,d fresh Flour is in demand, and supports its previ- Otis value In Oats a retail bipiness, at steady prices ; but Oatmeal is rather che , +per to-day, and very little doing. B Aided Flour is held firmly for 235. best qualities, which checks transactions ; but there are buyers at some slight reduction from that rate. Wheat under lock no unvaried. ARRIVALS OF CORN, From the nd to the Bth June, inclusive UNITED PO- 8 7 1 ;;; ; . - s : RE " 1 1 - N I TOTA L qrs. ; Pease, in Corn, qrs.; Oatmeal, iud Wheat, qrs. ; Bar. :4, qrs ; Indian Corn, 3493 1s scks, 20 brls. —Coastwise. . ; Malt, qrs.; Oats. 188 qrs. ; Oatmeal, 21 sacks ; Flour, 825 sacks 1953 tills. qrs.; Barle: May3o, 1846 Hie 323. 4d Wheat .. Ors Barley Walt Qrs. Oats ...... Qrs. Rye Qrs. Beans Pease Qrs. ShelledßarleyQrs. Indian Corn. Qrs. Rapeseed Qrs. Oatmeal .. Sacks Flour Ditto EXPORTS.—Fore Oatmea Wheat, qrs. ; B, Indian Corn, 22 tir Average pr Wheat 535. Wheat :ks' 3386 of Grain, for the week endin Barley id, 4d. I Oats 235. 9d Wheatt7s oti I ll'arley 9 Beans 76 chi j F Wheat.. Is. ad Beats as 6d 1 Peas Pease.. 345. 2d raze of the six weeks. , s. 4:1. a Oats.. 235. Bd. Rye 33 6d. I Pease.. 345. 4d Produce this week I I Oats .. . 5s Od I Rye.. 9s 6d ss 6I Ind. Corn Os Od Flour 10s2id Duty on Canadian. 2y.. Is. 6d. Oats ..Os.6d. Rye.. Is Od s.6d. I Ind. Corn os.od. I Flour . Os lid Wheat Oats, 28 qrs Bear's, 12 qrs Duty on other British Colonial. Od. I Barley.. /s. 6d. I Oats, Os. 6d. I Rye... Is. Od os. tid. I Flour. 25. sd. Liverpool Averages, week ending June 2, 1846. rice .50s od Barley, 2.; qrs., price 2;s Od; 2:(s. d. ; Rye, qrs., price Os. Cd.; 1. ; Pease. 0 qrs., price 03. Od. e.tteraturr. POETRY Li NES, tri AID OF THE POOR EMIGRANT SUFFERERS BY THE LATE MELANCHOLY COLLISION ON THE ILIVEK MI tiSEY BY THE AUTHOR OF THE WANDERER." Standard, "Yet in I And Li ❑ death st our own breath ; h It h re is rotten ; pe.' Pray, what's the From the" Exchangearea. nd the sun o'er Connaught's waters :ipori his bay er sons and daughters Idr eti's wend their way— l et, a, d w ,, meti sob away sorrow c n implant ger— in the emigrant s. and the way gel through the sea s tar star f glad expectancy Tips a ray of fallacy That dri , es t min sad :et,ed hearts their mind's alloy, And nods a htwie i•: each po..rwanderer's eye. Then the star v• d mother clasps her infant boy, And dreams of tur,ign lands with less of fear than joy. 'Tts night npnn the waters, and the ship Still plunging nobly onward through the deep, like some proud courser 'nea , h the smarting whip, urges his 1. , petuous sweep. - ((I hriae. (lark toe ht ; the starry steep Of heavens enthroned ; white the pearl-shed tear Thrt. pant Silvers he i.reanier's lids uneasy sleep, And the cold shudder. from some unknown fear, Creeps, as some pois'uous ke, o'er ea_h chilled passenger Who has not felt that feeling at the heart That Ott forehodes the future ? when the soul Claims for itself its own immortal part, A d from its present dwelling. place wit roll The earth-tuoind ciouds that mirky shade the whole; And then shtink in its p icon-house again, Tremlaing at dat.ger it cannot control, , . . . And. irom is silent chamber in the brain, Send forti. that damp-cold awe th.,t bodes of fear and pain Such were s thrilled each slumberer's frame that vesse,'s iirrathing flesh-paved deck (Ali ! cannot chatity icspect her name, And tb , s barb:tile intermingling check ? Let human forms a human likeness take I) But time has ft reed his thunderbolts, and sent Destruction up 41 earth to raring down wreck; And death as some grim wo f • n slaughter bent, Drives young and weeping pity into banishment. Ah why not pity near, To st•iy desttuctiok's s+earn.pr , pe ling breath pity sh ds the s lent tear, scene at ttie approach of death, s tread the w-oers underneath; It come it c Imes And tiles the Whose f,.(dst While iron i ibhed levia hails turmoil, And lash the billows to one loam-clad wreath. 'I ben comes—as aimed ights mn et on battle's soil The thunder of the shock ; the pause—of the recoil. The crash of the encounter, and the still er sea and sky And death like aw That drove the h I ver Th •t 'l W !Act] Contus .ep. bad ,eart se (is toith on high s the hearer ; and. around, I backwards, cold and chill, horror paint • with deeper dye. Crean n's monarch, 'Apr hers the sound, sent; the many sufferers found And death (in merc by dwell upon; the shore Wee ived the strirken vess 1 on its strand; Where pity nheered. in their v, ounds to pour Ihr hArn of charity, with open hand ; The harr Atid mini.tem 01 their own Imtherland, Toothed with retie' ze.l their agony Bade the r-ieseil souls their v.iriveriiig thoughts expand ; And tAtrzht the slattehtertd etniKrant oo h gh It, and Gud to deify ster death en hand in band, To keep t tiu I lite's calm sea, may ripi, s still serenity ligh this life's sfiversity 4 mortal'. banishment. and her boiqfinaid poverty Here, in thiswoll We {IA the hope in sad extremity Proclaim.: the heart'," cote or her agony. Oh wealth ! extend thv h :tut he generous now, r here Britannia rimy Hiuernia's c.aims alluw. Liverpool, June 5, 1846 VARIETIES, The Saxons, as MIY bt area from some of the illqmi 1, actually powdered or dyed rated Saxnn inatius,rints their hair and beard:. blue. '• What right have yiiu to be sick ?" said a schoolmas ter to the pupil ; '' A constitutional right," was the LONDON Docs.—We knew one who was accustomed a penny in his mouth to the baker's and buy a r.,1l for hi: off n consumption. One day the baker's mai), in a joke, gave him a roll, hot as .fire, which he instantly dropped, seized Lis money uff the citwiter. and trona that day changed his baker. lie never would go back again to that shop, but fpe.it his penny like a good st , ady customer with a bet -I.r-behaved trade,,mart.—Llternip Gazelle. AMERICAN FORENSIC OR ATottr.—An American bar rister recently e, towei,ced his reply to some pungent re mark. of a prof , ssiooal far,.ther as follows :—May it please the court : testiog no 'he couch of repu'alican equality as I do—covered by go- blanket of constitutional panoply, as I am—and p crewed by ti.e rezi, of American liberty, that great preservative, political oio-quito bar, under which a tiger eau shelter, as I feel myself to be—l despise the buzzit,g of a pro'es,ional insect who has jug sat down, and dety his futile atiernpts to p n trate, with his puny sting, the inter., ices of my ry im. covering." LORD CAST I.I:RE GH —Cii , tiereagh exhibited a elm -racier of a totally different order, yet equally fitted for his time. An leis , thaii, he had the habitual intrepidity of his Countrymen. Nobly c mt , eeted. and placed high in public life by that conneciioo, tie showed himself capable of sus taining his toin , sier al 'auk by his personal capacity. Careless (.f style, he wa: yet an effective debater. But it was i n the comic I that hi:, yalu, to the country was most acknowledged. His conceiition of the rights, the info ere-, and the sercces of England was lofty; and, when the period came for deciding on her rank in th e presence of continental diplomacy, he was her chosen and her sue t essful representative. natural place was among the Councils ofibe camp here sovereigns were the soldiers. The " march to l'ari," was ell- to his courage ; and the first fall of Naiad on was effected by the ambassador of England, --hr. Croty's &Ida/ and Statesman. ) almost eery ( 4 ay od A homele,s 01 hope to th Men, pale with Their mi , e;y. hat A deeper Of the deep I .b me's no more Wheat THE SPIRIT OF ROMANISM. We extract from the preface of " The Church and the Churches," by the Rev. Hugh M`Neile, the following truthful delineation of the spirit and objects of Roman ism, and the dangers to be apprehended from the machin ations of its votaries : " Our Romanist opponents are not merely that portion of our own population who are members of the Church of Rome—if this were so, the danger would be compara tively small—but the whole organised system of that church, throughout the whole world, is against us. Uni versal supremacy is the claim of that system—a claim not admitting of aba-idonment, or even of modification. It is declared to be divine in its origin, and absolute in itself. To say that the subjects of the Papal Court aim at the es tablishm: nt of such a supremacy, is only to say that they are sincere and consistent. To say that they make use of all practicable means for the attainment of their object, is only to say that they are active and diligent. To say that they vary the means made use of, as the circumstances vary under which they are called to act, is only to say that they are sagacious and skillful, And to say that they act often as if they thought the end justifies the means— denying or asserting, and that on oath, as seems most ex pedient at the time—is only to say that they treat some of their own principles practically. To allege, therefore, that they aim at the destruction of the British constituti on in Church and State, and the subjugation of England to the Papal crown ; is not to accuse them of any derelic tion of duty. On the contrary, holding the principles which they hold, it would be a great dereliction of duty on their part not to attempt such a consummation • which, in prostrating England, would prostrate the whole world at the feet of St. Peter's chair. All our colonies, east and west, would, as a matter of course, fall into the wake of the mother country. The Protestant communities on the continent of Europe would prove a still easier con quest ; and no steady or combined resistance could be ex pected from the insulted and unorganised congregation of the Protestants in America. There would not remain on the face of the globe a single citadel unstormed ; not a voice of even remonstrance against the imprisonment, torture, or martyrdom of the last of the heretics. Illus trations of this abound. Madeira, Sardinia, Ancona, Ireland, supply living proofs that Romanism now, as in the days of Hildebrand, claims the world as her own ; and would make, if practicable, an unrelenting clearance of all obstinate non-conformists from the face of the earth. They are bound to make the attempt; they are bound to persevere in the attempt ; however circumstances may, from time to time. lead them to restrain or modify their successive demands in this country. Whether it be the elective franchise in 1793; the establishment of May nooth College in 1795 ; admission to the Imperial Parlia ment and other offices of trust and power, in 1822; to the Municipal Corporations in 1834; whether it be the State endowments of Maynooth in 1845 ; the repeal of the Irish Union in 1847; or the formal national establish of the Roman Church in Ireland in 1850; all have been, and would be, only instalments ; instalments, at no one stage supplying a level on which contentment and peace might be expected ; but in every instance serving as the steps of a ladder for gradual ascent, increasing the possi bility, and therefore animating the prospect, and stimu lating the ambition to reach the top. Were England's Church true to herself, Rome's ambition could never be gratified. Present appearances, however, are mournfully against us. Warning after warning has been disregarded. Even the declension of above half a hundred of our clergy, and I know not how many laity, through the " fa cilis descensus " of Tractarianism, down to the " lower deep" of prostrate and unquestioning superstition, does not appear to have produced the smallest practical alarm in our rulers. There is nothing new under the sun. In vain Cassandra raised her voice. In vain Laocoon hurled his spear. In vain the clang of hostile armour sounded from the bowels of treachery. Troy's temper was infatu ation, and the natural consequence was Troy's ruin." TO MAKE WATER COLD FOR SUMMER.—The follow ing is a simple mode of rendering water almost as cold as ice:—Let the jar, pitcher, or vessel used for water be sur rounded with one or more folds of coarse cotton, to be constantly wet. The evaporation of the water will carry off the heat from the inside, and reduce it to a freezing point. In India and other tropical regions, where ice cannot be procured, this is common. Let every mecha nic or labourer have at his place of employment two pit chers thus provided, and with lids or covers ; the one to contain water for drinking, the other for evaporation, and he can always have a supply of cold water in warm wea ther. Any person can test this by dipping a finger in wa ter, and holding it in the air on a warm day ; after doing this three or four times, he will find his finger uncomfort ably cold. WANT OF MORAL COURAGE IN DISTRESS.—In read ing of the incidents of the time, nothing strikes me of ener, or more painfully, than the want of courage which is ma nifested by men, and which passes unrebuked and undes pised (as cowardice), in an age when a certain degree of manliness is supposed indispensable, and is, in common speech, taken for granted. In almost every newspaper, we see advertisements imploring the return of some father, husband, son, who has absconded, in difficulty, or in the apprehension of it, leaving those he is bound to protect to struggle on in despair. "If A. B. would not break his wretched mother's heart"—" If C. D. would communi cate with his unhappy family"—and so on : and usually we find an intimation at the end, that all will be hushed up—that affairs can be arranged, and so on. Supposing one insane bare and there, still, how many dastards there must be, running away from the consequences of their own conduct, and leaving the innocent and helpless to suffer for them !—Peopie s Journal. _ _ AMOUNT OF A WORKING MAN'S INTEREST IN A CIIEAF LOAF.-It is of vast importance to the labouring population that the price of corn should be steady, be it high or be it low. The labourer where prices are low, has not the prudence or foresight to economise his earnings, and when the pendulum swings the other way he is too often plunged into a state of distress. If, however, the labourer's wages are to be reduced, be ought, I think, to have fairly stated the balance of advantage and disadvan tage to which he is about to be exposed under this system. Take the case of a man with a wife and family of three children in the manufacturing districts. I will make a large allowance, and suppose that they consume five quarters of wheat in the course of a year. I will assume that there is a permanent fall in the price of wheat. A di minution of Is. per week from the wages of any member of that family (and you can hardly suppose that any dimi nution would be less than that) more than counterbalances all the advantages he and his family could derive from a reduction of 50s. in the price of the five quarters of corn they consume.—Lord Stanley's Speech. SAGACITY OF THE IRISII WOLF HOUND.—A gentle man of an ancient family, whose name it is unnecessary to mention, from his having been engaged in the troubles which agitated Ireland about forty years since, went into a coffee room at Dublin during that period, accompanied by a noble wolf dog, supposed to be one of the last of the breed. There was only one other gentleman in the coffee room, who, on seeing the dog, went up to him, and began to notice him. His owner, in considerable alarm, begged him to desist, as the dog was fierce, and would never al- low a stranger to touch him. The gentleman resumed his seat, when the dog came to him, showed the greatest plea sure at being noticed, and allowed himself to be fondled. His owner could not disguise his astonishment. " You are the only person," he said, " whom that dog would ever allow to touch Lim without showing resentment. May I beg the favour of you to tell me your name ?" mentioning his own at the same time. The stranger an nounced it (he was the last of his race, one of the most ancient and noble in Ireland, and descended from one of its kings). "I do not wonder," said the owner of the dog, "at the homage this animal has paid you. He re cognises in you the descendant of one of our most ancient race of gentlemen to whom this breed of dogs almost ex- elusively belonged ; and the peculiar instinct he possesses has now been shown in a manner which cannot be mista ken by me, who am so well acquainted with the ferocity this dog has hitherto shown to all strangers.—Jesse's Anecdotes of Dous. INCOME OF A LANCASHIRE GENTLEMAN IN THE 17TH CENTURY.—Thomas Norris, born in 1653, was returned to parliament. for Liverpool, in 1688, and represented the town until 1695, when marrying Magdalen, second daugh ter of Sir Willoughby Aston, Norris retired from public life. In the statement of his property at the time of the marriage, we have a curious insight into the small pecu niary means of tt Lancashire gentleman of the first conse- Quence, in the seventeenth century. It may be premised that the Speke estate was set down as worth £1,200 per annum, in the Royal Oak - List, in 1660; and that about 1793, at the time of the sale, the rental was £2.81) per annum. "The estate," writes Mr. Norris, •• I stand per ann possessed of, is equal in value this estate, three hundred and fifty acres were land, and estimated to he worth £3OO per annum ; the mother's an nuity was £220 per annum; the brothers had £lOO amongst them ; and a debt of £2.100 would not take legs than £lOO per annum ; letving £2BO per annum for Mr. Norris, or rather, as the sums to the brothers, and the interest of the debt required coin, the squire does not ap pear to have had more than £lOO per annum, of actual money ; the remainder coming under the head of " eon veniences for housekeeping.," as boons, gifts, rent, hens,&c. Upon these means Mr. Norris kept a liberal house, his mother living with him. He had six coach horses, worth £7 a piece ; and receiving with Miss Aston £2,500, he seCled on her £2OO per annum, and at his death, left his sistf rs £5O each, and made legacies to his s.-rvatits.—Mr. Thomas Heywood's Introduction to the Norris Papers. A GOOD EXAMPLE FOIL THE EMPLOYED.—In Paris the master-manufacturers, &c.. having established what they call a Jury of Retedrd to their Workmen, the work men have also firmed themselves into a Jury of Encour agement to Employers. As the masters prmose to give rewards for diligence and good behaviour, so the men pro pose to reward those masters who distinguish theniselv s by kindness, fairness, and words to their workmen, by a public trwirnony of their approbation. " If." say they. "it be true that good masters make good men. deli the-ir position is unshakeable. At first view the whole appears a clever quiz—a jeu-d'esyrit worthy of Punch. The workmen, however. appear serious enough, and there is something startling in this idea of the matter. It marks a new and elevated conception of the relative position of employers and employed. It reminds the former and the world that all alike are men, and ent tied to adopt towards each other t h e s a me mea sures f or mar ki ng and rewar di ng moral qualities. The rules are published in the French newspapers. The reward on the part of the men is to consist merely of an annual enblication of the names of those masters whom at least half of their workmen shall join in testifying to he of good private life, who hate anxi ously watched over the health of their workmen. and have not feared to he at some expense to make their shops healthy ; those whose workshops are regulated by a dis cipline emanating from the workmen themselves ; those who have never gone to law with their workmen; those who have not wished to drop wages, spite of the example, solicitations, or menaces, of their confederate fellow masters ; and. lattly, those who, without infringing on the proper wages of their workmen, have admitted them to a share, however small, of the profits of the business. — People's Journal. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. THE FALL OF ROME.-INSTRUCTION FOit ENGLAND (From Blackwood's Magazine.) THE ROMAN EMPIRE IN ITS DECLINE, AND GREAT BRITAIN IN THE PRESENT DAY.—This constant ten dency of wealth, in the later periods of the Roman em pire, to accumulate in the hands of the great capitalists; accompanied by the progressive deterioration of the con dition of the middle and working classes, is amply proved and forcibly illustrated by Sismondi, in his admirable work on the Decline of the Roman Empire. " During the long peace," says he, " which followed the victories of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius, those colossal fortunes were accumulated, which, according to Pliny, ruined Italy and the empire. A single proprietor, by degrees, came to buy up whoie provinces, the conquest cf which had in former days furnished the occasion of many triumphs to the generals of the Republic. While this huge capitalist was amassing riches, wholly disproportioned to the capa city of man, the once numerous and respectable, but now beggared, middle class, disappeared from the face of the earth. In districts where so many brave and industrious citizens were to be seen in former times, alike ready to defend or cultivate their fields, were to be found nothing but slaves, who rapidly declined in number as the fields came to be exclusively devoted to pasturage. Th,! fertile plains of Italy ceased to nourish its inhabitants ; Rome depended entirely for its subsistence on the harvests which its fleets brought it from Sicily, Africa, and Egypt. From the capital to the farthest extremity of the provinces, depopulation and misery in the country coexisted with enormous wealth in the towns. From this cause the im possibility of recruiting the legions with native Romans was experienced even in the time of Marcus Aurelius. In his war agair•st the Quadi and the Marcomanni, which, had been preceded by a long t eace, he was obliged to re cruit the legions with the slaves and robbers of Rome." It is impossible to give a stronger proof of the extent to which this enormous evil of the vast fortunes accumulated in the towns, and the entire ruin of industry in the coun try. had gone on in the last days of the empire, than is to be found in the fact already mentioned, that when Rome was taken by Alaric. in the year 404 after Christ, while Italy could furnish no force to resist the invaders, the ca pital itself contained seventeen hundred and sixty great families, many of them with incomes of £160.000 a-year, equal to £300,000 of our money, whose expenditure main tamed an urban population of 1,200,000 souls. CONDITION OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE ON THE EVE OF ITS FA LL —S uch , on a nearer survey, was the condition of the Roman empire which preceded its fall. From it may be seen how widely the real causes of its decline dif fered from the vague generalities of Montesquieu, that the ruin of the empire was the necessary cons-quence of its extension ; or the still vaguer declamations of the scho lars, that it was the corruption incident to great and long continued wealth which enervated the people, and ren dered them incapable of defending themselves against the northern nations. In truth, both these causes did ope rate, and that too in a most powerful manner, in bringing about the ruin of the empire ; but they did so, riot in the way supposed by these authors, but in an indirect way, by inducing a new set of evils, which destroyed industry in the most important of its provinces, by depriving the industrious of a market for their industry, and rendering the public burdens overwhelming, by changing the value of money. The operation of these causes can now be dis tinctly traced by us, because we feel them working among ourselves : their existence has not hitherto been suspected, or their effects traced by philosophers, because no state in modern Europe but our own, in recent times, had come within the sphere of its influence. And to see what :hese causes really were, it is only necessary to recal, in a few propositions, to the reader's mind, the general result of the foregoing deduction :—I. During the Republic, and till the commencement of the empire, agriculture was in the most flourishing state in Italy ; and it was in its stu•dy, free cultivators, that the legions were recruited which con quered the world. 11. From the time of Tiberius, cur . i vation declined in the Italian and Grecian plains, and continued to do so to the fall of the empire. Pasturage came to supersede agriculture ; populatio❑ disappeared in the fields; the race of free cultivators, ►he strength of the legions, were ruined ; the flocks and herds were tended only by slaves; the small proprietors became bankrupt, or fled the country ; and the whole land in the European provinces of the empire fell into the hands of a limited number of territorial magnates, who resided at Rome or Constantinople, and mainly upheld, by their profuse ex penditure, the prosperity of those capitals of the empire. 111. In the midst of the general decline of rural industry in all the provinces to the north of the Mediterranean, the wealth and prosperity of the great cities remained unde cayed. The small provincial towns were in great part ruined ; but the great cities, especially such as were on the sea-coast, continued fliurishing, and received in their ample bounds all the refluent population from the coun try. Rural industry languished and expired, but com merce was undecayed ; the in-tunes of the great capitalists were daily accumulating; and in no period in the history of mankind, were urban incomes so great as in the city of Rome, on the eve of its capture by the Goths. IV. While this was the state of matters to the north of the Mediterranean, that is, in the heart of the empire, the re moter agricultural provinces of Spain, Sicily, Lybia, and Egypt, were in the very highest state of prosperity ; they fed all the great cities of the Roman world by their im mense exportations of grain, and yet enough remained. down to their conquest by the Vandals under Genseric, to maintain a vast population at home, greater than has ever since existed in those countries, in a state of affluence and comfort. V. Taxation, from the tine of its first intro duction under Augustus, was at first chiefly indirect, and by no means oppressive. Gradually, however, the pro duce of the indirect taxes failed, or became inadequate to the wants of the empire, and recourse was had to direct taxes, levied chiefly on landed prperty and successions. But these direct taxes were at first light, and not a third part of those levied in Britain or France during the war; and the public establishments of the R .man government were not a fourth, in proportion to the population, of those now maintained by the great European monarchies during peace. VI. In process of time, however, the re sources of the people, in the principal provinces of the empire, and especially those to the north of the Mediter ranean, declined to such a degree, that though the mili tary and naval establishments of the empire were reduced to a third of their former amount, and became inadequate to defend its frontiers against its enemies, the direct taxes required to be continually increased, till they became so oppressive as to destroy industry, and prove the imme diate cause of the depopulation and ruin of the empire. Such are the facts, as established by the unanimous and concurring testimony of all the best-informed historians ; and now for the causes which produced these facts. They are set forth and supported by an equally clear and indis putable array of authorities. CONTRACTION OF THE CURRENCY ASSISTED THE FALL OF ROME.—The immense importation also of Afri can and Egyptian grain, which continued from the time of Tiberius to the very close of the empire, must have occa sioned a great additional abstraction of the precious me tals from the Roman world. It has already been shown that a very small proportion of the grain imported from these distant provinces was remitted in the shape of tri bute. By far the greater part, probably nineteen-twen tieths of the whole supply, was imported by private mer chants for sale, as it could be got from them cheaper than it could be raised at home. This imported corn, of course, required to be paid for in something. But the inhabitants of the countries from which it came—Spain, Sicily, Africa, and Egypt—for the most part slaves, blessed with a fine climate, requiring little covering, and nearly destitute of artificial wants, did not require, and could not consume, any considerable amount of Italian or Grecian fabrics. Thus, by far the greatest part of the price of the importer] grain was paid in gold and silver, for which there is a con stant demand in all countries, savage or civilised. A na tion which imports foreign eta n largely, must in all ages export the precious metals as largely ; because the corn, of course, is brought from those countries .hehe it is raised the cheapest—and the countries where this is the ca'e, are those where labour is cheap, money scarce, and artificial wants unknown. Money is what these countries want, and money is what their surplus produce is nearly all exchanged for. And this explains how it happened, that in the decline of the empire, Spain. Africa, and Egypt, Igoe retained their flourishing aspect. and were the only Wbinces from which money and soldiers could he ob tained, while they regain d none. The whole commerce betwet n them and Italy, or Greece, was one in which grain was exchanged for the precious metals ; and when they once got these, gnat part was hoarded, as it now is in the East. and very little ever returned. From what has now been said, it is evident that the two circumstances which occasioned the fall of the Roman empire, were the destruction of its domestic aoriculture, by the importation of grain from its distant provinces, and the accumulation of debts and taxes, arising from the contraction of the currency. It these causes be at tentively c.oksittered, it will he found that they not only afford a perfect solution of its fall, but explain Low it hap pened at the period it did, and had not occurred at an ear lier period. They show whit it was which, slowly but steadily, wasting away the vitals of the etrip're, succes sively destroyed its rural population and agricultural in dustry, and at length crushed its pronerty under the in creasing load of debts and taxes. They explain how it happened that the indirect taxes, which at first were suf ficient, with a moderate imposition of five per cent. on inheritances, to support the large military and naval esta bli-hments of Augustus, became gradual y enproductive, and were et length succeeded by direct taxes on land, of severe, aid in the end destructive amount. They show what every page of contemporary history demonstrates, that it was nei her the superior military power of the bar bariatia, nor the di , . inished skill and courage of the le gions. which occasioned the overthrow of the mighty fa. brie, but the wasting away qf its internal resources— which was the real cause of its decay. They tell us that it was not the timidity of the legions, but the inability of government to array them in sufficient strength, which rendered them unequal to the contest pith an enemy whom, during the vigor of the state, th , y had so often re- Pi lied. They explain how it hat pened that Italy a n d Greece bad become dest its in their rural districts, before one of the barbarians had crossed either the Alps or the Htemus, and how Africa, Spain, and Egypt, alone of the province, retained their prosperity, when rural industry was welloigh extinct in all the other parts of the empire. Lastly, they explain how it happened, that while the ru ral districts of the north of the Mediterranean were so ge. nerally relapsing into a state of desolation, the great ci ties of Greece and Italy long retained their prosperity, and the wealth of the capitalists and great proprietors who inhabited them, was continually increasing, %bile all other classes were ground to the earth under the weight of pub lic or private burdens. SALE OF WOMEN —" Yesterday, (August 7, 1752) about 90 women of d4ferent kinds and ages, who had sold themselves for four sears to a captain bound Philadel phia, were carried Iron the Bolt and Tun in Fleet-street, and put on hoard a lighter in Blackfriars, in order to be shipped for that colony.—Old Newspaper. TTNBALE'S ENGLISH VERSION OF THE NEW TESTA MENT.-At the conameneement of the sixteenth century there lived in the Manor-house of Little Sodbury, in Gloucestershire, a worthy knight of the name of Sir John Walsh. His dwelling belonged to that class, of which a few relics may still be seen in the quiet country nooks of Old England, displaying, in picturesque beauty, their fan tastic gables and twisted chimneys etribosomed among shrubs and trees. There was abiding in this mansion a humble priest, who filled the office of tutor in the family. He was a perso❑ of quiet and retired habits, devoted to study, and exemplary in his moral and religious character. But no one could look on him without perceiving at once that he was a man of no common stamp, for his expansive forehead indicated a comprehensive mind, his eyes beto kened quick and penetrating thoughts, his whole counte nance was expressive of extraordinary firmness, while round his lips there lurked something of quiet humour. He often mingled with the guests who gathered round the social board in the dining-hall of Sodbury, including the neighbouring ecclesiastics, and even some wealthy abbots ; for Sir John was a hospitable man, and fond of company, a courtier, and a favourite with his prince. It happened sometimes, that the conversation of these parties turned upon theological topics, when our tutor was wont to ex press his opinion with some freedom. " As he was learned and well practised in God's matters," says John Foxe, " so he spared not to show unto them simply and plainly his judgment; and when they at any time did vary from his opinions, he would show them in the book, and lay before them the manifest places of Scripture, to confute their errors, and to confirm his sayings." When he ac companied Sir John and his lady to the tables of these dignitaries, be scrupled not to talk with the same bold ness, till deep suspicion of his heterodoxy began to be felt by his ecclesiastical brethren. Even the knight himself, and his fair spouse, entertained some fears on the subject, and thought it right to expostulate with the tutor re-ipect ing his sentiments. But he was not the man to yield any point which his judgment approved, and he firmly main tained his opinion. 6` Well," said Lady Walsh, " there was such a doctor there as may dispend a hundred pounds, and another two hundred, and another three hundred pounds ; and what were it reason, think you, that we should believe you be.ore them ?" Her ladyship's logic was of a kind to which our tutor knew not how to reply, and he therefore politely held his tongue. But there were deep thoughts at work under that capacious brow, and mighty purposes springing up within that dauntless breast. On another occasion, a priest observed to him, " We are better without God's laws than the pope's." " I defy the Pope and all his laws," he replied ; and added, " If God spare my life, ere many years I will cause the boy who driveth the plough to know more of the Scriptnies than you do." The man who thus valorously threw down the gauntlet at his holiness was William Tyndale, and such was the commencement of a work which has given immor tality to his name. A deep interest lingers around the remains of that old house in Gloucestershire, and we fully enter into the spirit of our author's remark after visiting the place :—" The halls of our colleges, wherever they stand, have never given birth to a design, so vitally im portant in its origin, so fraught with untold benefit to mil lions, and now so extensive in its range, as that which ri pened into a fixed and invincible purpose in the dining-hall of Little Sodbury manor-house."—British Qua, tf , rly. FREE TRADE INJURIOUS TO THE FARM. R AND THE LABOURER MORE THAN TO THE LANDOWNER.--I am satisfied that never was there so great a delusion as that the loss caused by this measure will fall solely upon the aristocracy. A fall of 10s. per quarter on wheat is 40s. per acre on wheat land, and if that price is accompanied by a corresponding reduction in the price of other arti cles, it will eat up all the rent of the land. But the fact is, the loss will fall—and they know it will fall, on them, as they showed by their meeting the other day—the loss will fall mainly on the temint-farmers. (Cheers.) And the first step they take will be to suspend improvement, to discharge their labourers, to reduce wages, and to force their population into the manufacturing districts, there to enter into hopeless competition will the population of those districts. They will carry their own wretchedness and misery into the manufacturing towns, and will press down the wages as well of the manufacturing districts as the agricultural. (Cheers ) I will assume the case of a landlord who is entirely encumbered, and free from debt. 1 don't know whether there are any such cases (a laugh), but I willSassurne there are. He discharges a certain por tion of this establishment, and turns upon the labour market those whom his fortune had formerly enabled him to employ. For it cannot be laid, I think, to the charge of the landed proprietors of this country, as a class, that they are given to accumulating and hoarding wealth. So far from that, I think they will be found to spend it at least as fast as they get it. (A laugh.) We are told how their losses are to be made up to them, if they will only adopt the real principles of free trade. They are to dis charge their useless and unprofitable hands; they are to employ no labourers beyond what are absolutely required to make a profit to themselves. They are to have no con sideration for tenant farmers who have been on their es tates for fifty sears. They are told it is more profitable to have one large farm than several small ones; so they must pull down the hous s of their present tenants and turn them adrift. Their tenants have no capital, they must let them go. There are 600,000 tenant farmers in the country under £2OO a-year,—at least there were in 1814. Turn them adrift, bring their successors from a distance—bring them from the Anti Corn-Law League —(hear)—encourage them to expend their capital, and then you will be able to recover from all the effects of the injury you have sustained from a reduction in the price of corn. Perhaps you might, but the law imposes the bur den upon you of maintaining all the poor of the manufac turing districts as well as their own. I have too good an opinion of the landlords to believe they will take this ad vice. They will go on giving employment to the poor on their estates, for they have to deal not with stocks and stones, but with men having the same affections and at tachments as themselves, and I won't believe they will adopt the cold, calculating, and selfish doctrines of poli tical economy and tree trade. (Cheers.) But if you adopt these doctrines in England—•if you venture to re commend them in England—will you also dare to put them in execution into Ireland? In Ireland the bulk of the population are small farmers—hardly what we should call homers in England ; the majority of the holdings are from Ito 15 acres. They have no capital, and very little skill. 1 admit they exhaust the land ; they don't pay half the rent a large farmer could. Carry your political eco nomy into effect there, and see what would be the result. I think I hPve heard it advanced that the clearance sys tem is at the root of half the evils of Ireland. But tree trade requires it, arid you must o ake more money. Turn them out, and when the existing generation are starved off, you may, perhaps, see your system in successful ope ration. My lords, he must be a bold minister who would advise such an experiment to be made, but he must be a bold as well as a hard man who would act upon it. And then to tell me that this measure has been brought in for the relief of Ireland! (Cheers.) England is an import ing country ; it may be for her benefit, but I doubt whe ther it is in the long run. But Ireland is an agricultural country—an exporting, and not an importing c'untrv— and if you reduce her exports by £1.500,000, or £2,000,000 you do her the greatest jury. —Lord Stanley's Speech. GENERAL MISCELLANY, There were no fewer than 250 steam vessels enraged on the Thames in conveying passengers on Whit Monday. Washington Irving has just completed a " Life of Ma hornet." It is said that 17.000 . sacks of sawdust are annually con sumed in London for stuffing dolls alone. There are living in Wrst-ivreet, in Bristol. in rotation, three persons named Head, Scull, and Brain. The pedestrian, Genrge Clarke, has completed his un dertaking of walking 1500 miles in 1000 successive hours, a Norwich. Last week, Mr. George Gibbs, commoner of Exeter College, Oxford. whilst bathing in the Isis, near IffLy, got out of his depth, and was drowned. No fewer than fifteen pickpockets were apprehended at Chester races. '1 heir names have been forwarded to the London police. A THOROUGH FREE-TRADER.—A tradesman in Exe ter. says the Western Times, had a child christened on Saturday in the name of " Artiur Cobden Perl —." The present composing-room of an Elgin newspaper office was the bedroom of Prince Charles, in passing through Elgin, in 1746. Mr. James Milkier, lately an innkeeper of Stourpnrt, has been committed to take his trial for having absconded after he had been declared a bankrupt. On Thursday week, a sturgeon, seven feet in length, was caught in the Thames. The Lord Mayor purelm.ed it for £3, and after mards sent it as a present to the Queen. AN AGED HEN.—Mr. William Smith, farmer, Wood. plumpton, has a hen eighteen yea's of age, with twenty. three ducklings following her. A earl-ire. waggon was observed in Stamford, the other day, with a load consisting of gunpowder, oil of vitriol, and lucifer matches I • The Leeds Times says that the Rev. G. G. Bender). rector of Axbridge, has refused to read the thanksgiving for our recent victories in I ndia. _ The Rev. David Lewis, Fellow of Jesus College, Ox ford, has conformed to Rowanisni. He was for some years curare to Mr. Newman. Some serious disturbances took place last week rn the Leeds and Thirsk railway amongst the workmen, and one man was killed in a fiAllt, and his body found on a heap of stones. Another of the sections of the floating break-water has broken from its moorings at Brighton, and came ashore opposite Hove. Only one section—the middle one—now remains. FATAL COACH ACCIDENT.—On Wednesday as one of the Notti••.-' o.n coaches was passing the Shakspere at Ardwiek, a gentleman was julted off the coach, and killed on the spot. Air. J. Milner, a stock-broker, of Atkin's.road, Ciao ham-park, lost his life, a few days ago, from burns on the brad and face, occasioned by the reprehensible practice of reading in bed. Four steamers attached to the experimental squadron, the Cyclops, Retribu'ion, Terrible, and Devastati n, have been compelled by the severity of the seat' -- "-- channel to put into Plymouth for repairs. F; has been found necessary to fix a notice on the doors of the parish church of Halifax, requesting that men would keep off their hats whilst within the walls of the church. THE STRIKE OF THE AlssoNs.—The money which has toolishly and wickedly wasted, in this ill-advised struggle, would have provided the means of education for thousands of their children.—The Builder. PINE A PPI Es.—By advic,s from the Bahamas, it ap pears that, trcm the chyners of the season, the crop of this delicious fruit for the present year is very early and most luxuriant, and nearly 10,000 are announced by the Tweed steamer, which is now due at Southampton. AWFULLY SUDDEN DEATH.—At the Marley Tunnel, Sou , h Devon, a few days ago, two " navvies" resolved to decide a quarrel by a stand-up fight. They were stripped and ready for the combat, when one of them fell down dead before a blow was struck. Mr. Finch, M.P.. has informed his tenantry in Rut landshire teat he shall not in future preserve the game on his estates, and that they have his permission to shoot on their respective farms. Such is the demand for warehouse room for grain im prrts at Leith, that cargoes of foreign wheat and other descriptions of foreign produce, are being bonded at Granton, Fisherrow, and Edinburgh.—Scotsmaa, EXTRAORDINARY FECUNDITY.-Mr. John Bell, of College Hill Farm, Durham, had a sow farrowed the ex traordinary number of 25 on Tuesday last, 23 of which are living and likely to thrive. Mr. O'Connell's motion for two additional members for county Cork, and Mr E. B. Denison's amendment that they he given to the West Riding. are amongst the motions deferred until after Whitsuntide. At a meeting of the principal Radical members of Par liament on Saturday it was resolved to oppose the Irish coercion bill which stood for a second reading last (Mon day) night, and to support Lord John Russell in an en deavor to extinguish the differential duties on sugar. _ As Mr. Chandler, grocer, of Devizes, was on Friday, the 29th ultimo, in the act of drawing the cork from a bottle of ginger beer, the glass burst, and struck him a violent blow in the eye, which has totally deprived him of sight. Goon News, IF TRUE.—The trustworthy meteorolo gical correspondent of the Times, who signs " H. P.," predicts a continuance of the present splendid weather, with occasional electric currents, with hail-storms and thunder. June bids fair to be a very fine month. A Lucky SPECULATION.—Mrs. Jane Rutherford, of Sedgefield, holder of the registered receipt No. 16,547, for subscription to the Pictorial Times, had paid to her £lOOO on Monday week ; the above receipt being one of the fortunate numbers to which a prize was awarded. On Sunday week en accident of an appalling nature oc curred on board her Majesty's ship Caledonia, lying in Devonport harbour, by which three lives (those of sea men on board the ship) were lost by the falling of the main top-gallant mast, Eighty-three gentlemen entered the army during the past month, thirty-four of whom have purchased their commissions, varying from £1,260 to £450 each, and amounting in the aggregate to no less a sum than £21,940. _ • Last week a couple of birds, a pair of storm cocks, stole a female's cap, and scientifically entwined it round the in terior of their nest. The cap was in pieces, and put out to dry, and was missed for several days, when at last something like the stolen property was seen waving from the top of a sycamore tree, and hence the discovery. SUGAR.—From the 14th March, 1845, to the sth April last, the quantity of sugar admitted into this country under certificate as the produce of free labour was 91,692 cwt. ; the quantity admitted under the stipulations of treaty was 396 cat. ; and the aggregate of the quantities admitted to home consumption was 92,088 cwt. As a man named Jenkins, an itinerant bookseller and tea dealer, of Aberdare, Glamorgan, was walking on Sa turday from Hirwan to Rhigos, he put up his umbrella during a thunder storm. The brass point attracted the electric fluid, which passed through his head, and killed him on the spot. Several other b 'dies have been exhumed in Norfolk, and the opinion gains ground, that the wretched man, Bills. poisoned nearly twenty of his children, and grand children and then poisoned himself. lie did not do it as if from sudden impulse, but gradually, his murders extend ing over twenty years. . CRICKET.—The celebrated match in honour of Mr. Felix. which con.menced on Monday, at Lnrd's termina ted on Wednesday evening in favour of Pilch's eleven, who won, after a hard contest, by 34 run.. they scoring 202 runs, while Mr. Felix's side scored 175. The play was excellent. A young woman, at the new spa, Croft, near Darling ton, was struck by the electric fluid, in a thunder storm there, on yesterday week, and was rendered quite blind and totally insensible for some time. Violent convul sions ensued ; but by the prompt application of remedial means, the girl was soon pronounced to be out of danger. The sailor, Reid, who was found secreted in the gardens of Buckingham Palace about three weeks ago, and was sent back to his ship, seems determined to imitate the boy Jones. He was again found concealed behind a tree in the gardens on Saturday, and this time more serious cog nizance is taken of the procedure. OUTRAGE AND ROBBERY.—On Wednesday, two men went into a draper's shop in London, and whilst the assistant was showing them some goods, one of them threw a quantity of Cayenne pepper into his eyes, so as to blind him, while the other snatched up a tin cash hoe, containing upwards of £6O, with which they made off. THE LORDS AND run CORN BILL.—At the annual meeting of the corporation of the Bedford Level, held on Wednesday, at Ely, Earl Fi.zwilliam was proposed as one of the conservators, and rejected on the ground of his supplrt of the Corn Bill ; and the Duke of Bedford barely escaped being placed in the same predicament. Douglas Jerrold, in this week's Punch, gives the following " triple denial" to the statement that he is off Punch:— He is not off Punch, Has not been off Punch, He will not be off Punch. A portion of the squadron of evolution arrived at Cork on Thursday. It was thoright that they would weigh anchor on Saturday, and proceed round the coast to Ban. try and the Shannon, and be kept manoeuvring in the Atlantic for a fortnight or three weeks. They will return to Cove before the Ist of July, and it is expected that the fleet will then lie in Cork for a fortnight. MURDER AND SUICIDE.—On Wednesday, it was dis covered that a murder had been perpetrated by a tailor of the name of John Townrey, upon his wife, living at 13, Widegate-street, Bishop-gate-street Without. London. The unfortunate woman it appears was strangled. It would seem that the husband immediately afterwards hung himself. lie had just returned from transportation. ANOTHER DEATH FROM A BULL.—Mr. Meggs, a Nurseryman, of Cheltenham, was on Saturday week, killed by an Alderney bull, which was in a field near that town. It appears that he struck the animal with a small stick in order to drive it away, when the bull threw him down, and trampled upon his chest, from the effects of which death ensued in ten minutes after he was rescued. EXTRAORDINARY ROSE TREE.—A correspondent of a Manchester paper states that there is at present growing in Sale, a tree bearing 8,000 roses of a rare kind. It was planted in May. 1841, being then a small slip seven inches long, without roots. It now measures 69 feet in width, and 38 feet in height. One branch grew 12 feet 6 inches last year, and is now covered with roses. _ DEPRESSION OF THE COAL TRADE.—The best Walls end coals, which under the regulations of the coal trade were supplied at thirty shillings and sixpence per New castle chaldron of two tons thirteen hundred weight, are now sold at twenty shillings and sixpence. When the coal owners have to freight ships to carry their coals either to London or any of the outports they almost invariably fail in obtaining even the above-named reduced price for this staple commodity of the North. So much fora free trade in coals I A singular robbery of wines has lately been brought to light at Eirstall. H. Paget, Esq., left his house at that place to reside at Leicester. He had then about 150 dozen of wines and liquors in his cellar, which he did net wish to remove, and therefore caused the door of the cellar to be built up with double bricks. Sending over a few days ago, it was discovered that nearly all had been stolen, the door being built up with bricks as before. The loss will amount to £250; but no trace of the perpetrators has yet been found. A DES#ERATE THlEF.—Sergeant Cortrack, of Rises, has just captured a very notorious and not less violent housebreaker, from Bristol, named George Glover, alias Williams, who had broken into the house of John Da v;es, Monythusloyne. The capture was effected in water five feet deep, where the housebreaker knocked down the (Ayer two or three tunes, but at length the latter was enabled to master him, and keep him under the water for a few minutes, sufficiently long to weaken him till assist ance arrived.—Hereford Journal. On Tuesday, a trial at the Middlesex sessions was stopped by a juryman, who informed the magistrates that a person was improperly acting as a juror, and had ans wered to the name of another man. On investigation. this turned out to be correct, and a man named Smith was taken into custody, and remanded until the ma ,gists ates Mr George Davis, who had directed him to attend the court in his stead, and uersona:e him on the jury, was also summoned, and fined £lO. The grand challenge cnp, value UM guineas, of the Royal Thames Yacht Club, was won on Friday by . the yacht Secret, the property of J. W. Smith, Esq., beatine five others. The beaten yachts were only respectively six or seven minutes behind the victor. The start took place at twelve o'clock, off the Royal Hospital, Greenwich, to below Gravesend and back. The cup, which was first sailed for in 1840, has every year been won by a different yacht, and ►emains the property of the club until some fortunate boat obtains the prize in two consecutive years. BIRMINGHAM A GREATCENTRAL MILITARY DEPOT —ll has been stated in Birmingham this week, in quarters likely to be well-informed, that Government intend to erect the military station there into a grand central dep6•, and to remove to it the greater part of the troy ps now stationed at Weedon. The central position of Birming. haul, communicating as it now does . by . railway with all the princip ports in England, has, it is thought, sug gested the propriety and advantage of making it the seat of a central depot, inasmuch as, at a moment's notice, troops might thence be despatched. and landed is a f ew hours in any part of Scotland. England. or Ireland. THE IIYDROPATHIC SYSTEM.—On Friday, an inquest was held in Eastcheap, London, on the body of Mr. Richard Dresser, at No. 9, in the same street. Tte greatest interest was manifested on the occasion. becau.e it had been generally reported that the deceased had died owing to improper treatment received at a hydropathic .it. 4 - ebtablishmen A paper was read, o. Jing the cans, of Mr. Dresser's death. The surgeon who had at tended Mr. Dresser, prior to bii admitMnce as a cn1(1- water patient, deposed that he thought. there had been congestion of the lungs when the wet cloths were appited, and it the water were cold it would generev produce heat. - In these ca-es there should be the appliramon of hot flan nels and stimulants, so as to restore circulation. The in quest was tub' urned. THE POTATO CROP.—The season being now suffici ently far advanced to enable farmers to judge of the st tte of the potato crop, we hare been enabled to obtain such inrormation as goes to show that, although in some tricts a partial failure has taken place. the general aspect of the plant is of a promising character. In Warwick shire, where the disease was severely felt last year, there have been no blanks worth notice. In Derbyshire, there are no complaints. and in the potato districts of York shire, on which the London market chiefly depends fur a supply of the esculent, the crop never wore a more healthy appearance. From the accounts in the Scotch papers, it would seem that no trace of the disease has ma nifested itself. although it was feared that the seed was in some cases tolerably damaged. and put into the ground without much hope that it would spring freely.—Morning Chronicle. June 9, 1f446. THE ASH AND THE OAK.—A correspondent who last year anticipated a w e t su mm e r becau se th e usual-prognos ticator of such a season had appeared in the ash opening its leaf before the oak, expresses confidence in the preva lence of dry weather generally throughout the present summer, because he has this year (as on many similar oc casions) observed the oak to be considerably in a4vance of the ash. Last week an apprentice to Mr. Warner, ironmonger, of Thasted, near Chelmsford, attempted to assassinate his master by firing at him, but the barrel of the gun burst, and the assassin's hand was so dreadfully shattered that two of his fingers had to be taken off. Tne appren tice had been discharged by his master, who declined to give him a good character. The youth has been remanded by the magistrates. A NOVEL TEAM.—A plan is in practice at Bampton, of drilling turnips between peas, the rows of peas having been planted rather wider than usual : we hear the plan is likely to become a general one, but a difficulty is expe rienced in using a horse with the drill on account of da maging the peas. This difficulty has been surmounted by our neighbour, Mr. Plummer ; he attaches two dogs to the drill' who have quite strength enough to perform the duty required, and do not damage the peas. This method is seen to work well and not to injure the dogs, as the draught of the drill is a very light one. Loss OF THREE CHILDREN.—On Wednesday, three young children belonging to a coal heaver, named White house, were amusing on the bank of a large sewer at Pim lico, by catching corks that came from a brewery close by, when they all fell in ; a poor little boy, only eight years of age, immediately jumped into the water, being about two feet deep, and succeeded in bringing one on shore; but not before life was extinct in the poor little sufferer; another of the sufferers was taken out in an exhausted stale, and taken to the hospital, but with no hopes of recovery (since deed). The body of the other has not yet been found. RKMARICABLE CURB.—A rich farmer, labouring under hypochondriasis, was persuaded by his friends that he was bewitched. He accordingly consulted a physician, and gravely informed him that he had seven devils in his body. " Only seven?" "No, sir, only seven." The physician, perceiving the mental condition of his patient, promised to cure him in seven days, and drive out a devil every morning for 20 francs a-piece. The farmer consented, and received a powerful shock from an electric apparatus. " There's one gone," exclaimed the physician. The next day the same plan was adopted, and so continued until the seven days were elapsed, when the bewitched patient declared himself cured, and willingly paid the fee, which was_ immediately bestowed in charity.— Globe. MESSRS. SIMMONDS AND WARD'S COLONIAL, FO REIGN, AND GENERAL MERCANTILE AGENCY, 6, BARGE•YARD, BUCKLERSBURY, LONDON.—The enter prising and liberal arrangements of Messrs. Simmonds and Ward, for facilitating the course of foreign and colo nial mercantile and other information, and aiding in the transaction of business itself, are a feature of the present age. 'We recommend those interested in our colonies, or in foreign commerce, to inspect the circular of this firm. In the advertising and newspaper department especially, it is complete ; and parties emigrating, or desirous of having their business, or other views, advanced on their arrival in this country from foreign ports, will do well to avail themselves of the extensive experience which Messrs. Simaaoods and Ward possess in all such matters. Their reading-room end library in Bucklerabury will be found a most useful resort for parties interested in our foreign or colonial trade. MAN KILLED IN YORK.—On Tuesday last, at the Guildhall, York, Alexander Swann was charged with having caused the death of Joseph Shepherd. a tailor, from :Marston. Mr. Chalk stated that a number of per sons were dancing at the " Gate " beer-house, Middle Water Lane on the previous night, between ten and ele ven o'clock, and among the rest was a female named Ann Barnard. She was without her shoes, when Shepherd got hold of one of them, and, whether in jest or otherwise, struck the female on the shoulder. She sat down by the aide of the prisoner and related to him what bad pa.sed, and he said he would give Shepherd it, or something to that effect. A few minutes afterwards he got up, and, as he (Mr. Chalk) understood, struck the deceased once oft the aide and once on the temple, and after that blow Shep herd never breathed again. He had informed the Coro der of what had taken place, and he now asked that the prisoner might be remanded till the inquiry before the coroner was concluded. The prisoner was remanded ac- cordingly. A royal sturgeon, of the extraordinary length of eight,' feet six inches, girth three feet, and weight one hundred and eighty-two pounds, was caught in the liver Wye. near Hereford, last week. A fish of such dimensions was never caught so far up that river before, and a severe struggle took place between the fish and the man who cap tured it, for the victory. After a chase and struggle of half an hour, the man at last inflicted in succession two deep wounds with a pocket knife which he carried with him, but still the creature evinced no disposition to give in. During the struggle which took place in the ford. which was about knee deep, sometimes the man was up permost and sometimes the fish. The biped and inve terate foe, however, though no little astonished, inserted his hand into one of the gashes towards the tail, from which the crimson tide lowed copiously, and was at last enabled to land his prize, which did not finally give oP the ghost for some hours after. SINGULAR DISCOVERT.—On removing the old oak stalls from the chancel of St. Mary's church, Nottiwg ham, preparatory to the repairing of the roof, a sculptured tablet of marble was discovered, buried with its face downward, whilh probably has been lying there since the period of the Reformation. It is a spirited and well executed bas relz9f, consisting of eight figures, shish re present the Pope seated on a canopied and elevated throne, inaugurating a bishop—probably the bishop of the diocese. Besides the Pope are two cardinals wearing their hats. The bishop is attended by his apparitor, bearing the cro zier, and three other attendant figures complete the group. The tablet is about two feet in height and one in width , and has been curiously painted and illuminated, the tra ces of which are still visible. The top part of the marb le was unfortunately broken by the workmen, before th e), discovered what it was ; but the principal portion remain s, and with the fragments (which have since been recover ed) are now in the possession of the vicar. Several pieces 0_ copper and silver coin were likewise discovered in tb° same part of the chancel, which are chiefly Hanse.tov v ; tokens, or were probably used for Peter's-pence.--M i Guardian. SUICIDE AND ATTEMPTED MURDER.—The tovv . ll Newnbam was thrown into much consternation on vvc - ' nesday a ft ernoon last, by a shocking and most unseat - at?"' ahle act of violence, which has resulted in the self -In' flicted death of Mr. William Knowles, and in a very se , rious injury to Mrs. Morse, the wife of M r . M ors e, Pes a master of the above town. It appea rs th a t M r . Krla w,„" entered the shop of Mr. Morse, armed w ith a ceostu i.o mallet and a razor, and was accosted by Mrs. Morse , t t offered him her hand to shake in a friendly manner , "" instead of receiving it, he lifted the mallet and struck a violent blow on the centre of the forehead, and she i e senseless on the floor. Knowles then opened the razo r , „, and appeared to hesitate for a second or two, one ran into the shop to see what was the matter , ;lb" g round drew the razor across his own throat and fell to the pog _ in a pool of blood. Both the parties were as 50 0 b r a i n ed, sible conveyed to bed, and medical assistance.' lying 1,1 but Knowles died on Thursday. Mrs. Mcrae is co. a dangerous state, but hopes are entertained of her r a e re. very. the deceased was about 30 years of age! was spectable shopkeeper, and is supposed to have b' J ou r, ertford bouring under temporary derangement..- 11 nat. ARRIVAL OF IBRAHIM PACFIA.—His highness arra: din England. Tbe'French steame r him Pacha has arrive the Gunner reached Spirhead at half-past six nn Fridtd e morning, and his highness landed in Portsrnou'h pock' yard at a quarter before nine. On his royal higfness's or rival he was presented by rile mayor with a congratilla; tory address. The party took coffee at eleven, and a r it h e e until so be smoking most of them retired to enjoy a brestd• , J e - r. party who landed consisted of the following princirou,E l 7 o .. sons—viz., Ibrahim Pacha, Soliman Pacha, Gene" 1 ,,"„ 0 him Bey Side, M. Oarabet Eff ndi, first secretary; tin Mustapha Effendi, A. D. C., Colonel Boac' e ,,, r 'er M. Joubret, i n t erpre t er, w i th a numerous train Or " 'were tics. The whol e p art y th at l an d e d from the Gora'e dressed in Egyptian costume ; the two Pachas i" t o. blue Turkish vests, with di amon d and silver dreor a , - rhe on the breast, red Turkish cap s w i t h bl ue Web de' others were clothed in Itg• t blue dresses, with o' o fla corations of silver, slippers, and white linen trouse r t ° telt soon as they took up their quarters, at the Ge ,rge t 0 0 0 sentinels were placed before the door. Hi g li•str re oper crowded with ad the fashion of the town and I.e'g ro , tb: hood, and every person was gratified for two ho u r two Pachas heing seated at the centr- hay wiiitic ° 'Pa y hotel, with the sashes thrlown up. quietly smoking' 01 01 ' him Pacha is a noble, sedate, but severe 'oolong So; with a long and bushy shire beard and moustae l ' e l ;er liman Pacha is also a noble 1 'tilting man ; the 16 ,,ije•'i e l, believe is of French extractio n , an d was, in 1 815 ' - ' - e ca te camp to Marshal Ney. When that General wa. . eve , he went into the service of M e h emet Ali, and Iva °'" since been the prin c ip a l di rector o f t h e di sc iplin e al , ganisation of the Viceroy's troops. „sita - at THE SCREW PROPELLER AND THE PADO&, ° ,: n uad r- fi , STEAMERS.-1 he reports from the experimeotst 's"och which have appeared, allude so frequently a nd W ier scr e w equivocal terms to the . superiority of the K olt . t, ,, c hte l ,,t, ship over all the other steamers which were 11'pr 1 7 0 the squadron, that we think it right to call Par r Pectlatl' tention to the important results developed by lc is -_ ra combination of the steamer and sailing yes-el., a rc milted that the Rattler's powers under crq)va e s . neary, if not quite. equal to the fastest sa ilittg waa .or icier squadron—a qualification most essen tial to E 1 ni de u ! t ill steamer ; but notwithstanding the many tria.ls oa , are roes, steam by the Rattler with otter vessels, oPT high a entertained that the screw will not produc e 7 r. . oi nstß n of speed as the paddle-wheel under siniar, e ,,,id Ile VV. This may or may not be the case, but it s"'ce sin e ' in mind that the 2a'tler is of 888 tons bur only 200-horse power, a fair comparison can " ( peti i e "d th e ' be made in this respect by witting her in "", .„r. ‘lO such ships as the Rs tribution, Terrible, Glac i n r a.se rle . re s t of the steam squadron. Surely • thent. ffiviencf %los: mudi importance to the strength a nd a the „tees tiritish navy, it behoves the Admiralty to "` t ' is dist',3 to active measures with the view to determi n e e)tnpkte trot ber question, by ord, ring an immediate a an ddie vta -el beol n" be made between the Rattler and a pa ~_e „wo e , own class. It has ben suggested that _t ro t) d e ' being on the point of joitii ,, g the squade,..ea::,,,, presents an excellent opportunity for the kt , rresPon 46 de r , suable olject. as that vessel co r ___d to n nag e. u as nearly as possible in model, powe ves .e a p of speed should be made betwven __:"' un d e r s oec t:o4 steam alone in every possibt a positif i n be iine , s w eat o e s sail only, towing shins a' steam,l and in the w OP and disconnecting machinery. 84c. ; obtain ed " aa li ts i even a slightly interior speed beit!ir an a l m ost _ D r _at vessel, the advantages , f c ilr e ita tp a l obio line, are too obvious to require coat IF ID• apiedreiofdaratguseaaa,waintbdoutht e co s u t b e ir m ar: asenAbeio.