Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-07-06 00:00:00

loath was th ied a verdict. John litakoll4 lit of a Itik left open by ray broken to led." • FATALITY. 4 with many rs have been ty of death ; catvtasiolish torrid drania It will be there were - a saes Harriet Pamona bat d, of course, y was found. is the . wife Lwattee, and o-meet Cap-- harwise, for La, and the' the day ors ng at Cal7i and family the head of —met their SHIP ANN hip, while was • made net of the b. Phillips. Pmniancted early part lise. The , ng s trffo- to throw he shiprs .et below , the ft in - the she was ithea; of )mised to e main °ds, the 3cl to the and left water's equently xby was 3rdinary morning A. Mr. Id J. R. d. The 'Tie with_ ate that pes had nething tould be the le inch If was Darsie. day of as that a their it best I much ; to Mr. ed the ledged -f4im Iblere;' and wit `ar," at SE ON EDITION NOICTIiBR2t TIMM OPPICE, WEDNEZDAT, 9 A.M. THE SWYNFEN CASE. 13vrrtmert v. LORD CRELMSFORD. This case was brought to close at a late hour on Tuesday night. The . Lord Chief Baron,_ in summing up, said that, as to the second count, which charged collision between the defendant and Sir C. Creswell, he would direct them that there was no evidence to go to the jury. He would further say that he did not think it was decent to put the second count on the record. A public decorum and decency had, in his opinionybeen outraged by putting on the records of the court such a charge as this. He would lay it down as a principle of law, that all the law required a barris ter to do was .to discharge his duty towards his client as best he could. He might be utterly w rong or mistaken, but if he intended to act honestly by his client he was not *responsible: The. learned judge said the simple question the jury had to decide was whether the defendant had acted fraudulently or improperly, or in the bests interests of his 'client. The jury, without .a moment's hesitation, returned `a 'verdict for the defendant on both counts. LOSS OF A STEAMER. HAMBURG, Tuesday.—The Leith steamer Dunedan, bound . for this.port with - passengers and a general cargo, was in collision last night with the Lady Alice Lambton, screw steamer, outward bound, and the Dunedan immediately went down in six fathoms of water. Crew and passengers saved. --♦- PRUSSIA. The Times hai re-appointed an Own Correspondent at Berlin. 'Until some time has elapsed, his assertions must be taken somewhat on trust. The Prussian proposals, he says, are now in the hands of Russia and England. With England Prusiia has been unsuccessful, but she has more hope of Russia; and the writer is of opinion that the Czar is not likely to take any active part against Germany. By the end:of next week, the Prussian army will be in full march. Two corps d'armee will stationed on the Silesian frontier, in case of an unexpected attack on the part of Russia. The guards will be stationed so as to be ready to march, at a moment's notice, either to Silesia or to the Rhine. On the Lower and Middle Rhine 140,000 Prussians will be stationed, 80,000 at Dusseldorf, 40,000 at Cologne, and 20,000 at Coblentz. This latter force she proposes to support by the 9th and 10th corps of the Federal Army. When these preparations are complete, Prussia will probably make her proposals to France. Shoull she do so, they will most unquestionably be refused, and Prussia will then be compelled either to support her diplomacy by her bayonets, or to eat her leek. The Berlin correspondent of the Times give an outline of the peace proposition of Prussia, which seems also to be known in France, as the main feature is adverted to by the Paris correspondent of the Advertiser, who says King Leopold is desirous of proving to the diplomacy of Europe that Venetia must be a separate and independent state. The creation of Venice into a separate kingdom he deems desirable, and he even proposes to effect this settle ment with the consent of Austria, which he engages to obtain if the crown be bestowed upon the Austrian Archduke Maximilian, brother of the Emperor 'of Austria, and the husband of Ki ng LeOpold's daughter, the. Princess Charlotte. The Times correspondent says of the Prince of Prussia, that although the Prince of Prussia has never given proof of strategic ability, he is never theless impressed with th idea, so prevalent now-a-days among crowned heads, cf being a great captain, and his utmost ambition is to command, as generallisimo, the army of the Germanic Con federation. COMMERCIAL. In the morning a fresh advance of k toy per cent. was established, hut a reaction took place, and the final quota lions were much the same as these of yesterday. As far as the settlement has yet proceeded, it shows a decided scarcity of stoek for delivery. In the other markets great firmness prevails, but business remains languid. The announcement of supplementary and naval estimates to the amount of nearly £2,000,000 appeared to attract little attention this afternoon The effect of the ap proaching release of the dividends is already observable in the discount market. Choice bills were taken to-day at 24 per cent. About £20,000 in bar gold was sent into the bank to-day. According to advises from St. Petersburgh the shipments of tallow up to the 29th ult was 17,771 casks, against 6,700 at the corresponding period of last year. The exchange on London is quoted at 34 3-18 d. The public sales• of plantation Ceylon coffee to-day went off 'heavily at a fresh decline of 18 per Daily News City Article, Tuesday Evening. The English Funds opened at a further advance this morning; but ultimately returned to the quotations of yes terday. In the , Foreign Exchanges, this .afternoon, the rate on Ilamburgh was slightly lower. Gold has become three-tenths dearer at Paris and Ilamburgh than in LondOn. The ,Railway Market eontinnea inactive, but.with a strong appearanc e . —Ti mes Ci ty Article,ll.4B4ay - -r----~ 140.1t4 HENLEY hus been returned for Northampton without op - position BETWEEN Juue 12th and 24th as many as 9,450 tons. of coal had been landed at Malta by 24 vessels. Prices had de elined t 0,305. and Ps. for Newcastle. THE Horn* Post believes it is correct in contradicting its Windsor correspondent, who had said that the Queen would not visit Scotland this year ; but her Majesty, it is thought will not spend more•than th r ee'we e k s a t B a lm ora l, as a visit to I re l a nd is talked of. ATLANTIC TELECIIIIPH7-,- -- M7. Saward, secretary to the Atlantic Telegraph Company, contradicts a common rumour by showing that there were actually transmitted through the cable laid down by Sir Charles Bright'a total of 366 messages, 3,942 words, and 20,219 letterS.' Among these was the message announcing the safety of the Europa's passengers, after her ccillision with the Arabia, and two messages for her Majesty's War-office to Halifax and Montreal respectively, by which latter a large sum was saved to the revenue of this country. THE WAR IN ITALY. NAPLES MARSEILLES, July 5. —Advices have been received from Naples to the 2nd instant. Prince 011ogana has been despatched to the Court of St. James, on a reciprocal mis s i on t o t h at o f M r. E ll i ot to the Court of the King of the Two Sicilies. Advices have also been received from Rome to the 2nd instant. The Giornal di Roma protests against thre reports published of the massacre at Perugia, and promises a detailed account of what has really happened there. THE AUSTRIANS RETREATING BERNE, Tuesday. —The Austrians have withdrawn from Bormio ' abandoning their provision chests an d cattle. The Piedmontese are advancing towards the Stelvio Pass. .---_-..._0. - THE FRENCH FUNDS. PARIS TueSday 12.20 p.in.—A ftirther improve ment has taken places in the Rentes, which opened at 64. 3.30 p.m.—Bourse closed le , is firn►. Itentes G 4 for Money, and 63.95 for account. THE TE-DEUM The Te Deum at Notre Dame for the late victory at Salferino was celebrated with extraordinary pomp. From an early hour in the morning the neighbourhood of the cathedral and every spot along the line of procession was tilled. About ten o'clock the troops began to take up their positions, the National Guard on the right, and the regiments of the line ou the left. All the fins of the different regiments of National Guard were ornamented with flowers, and each musket had stuck into its muzzle an Italian or ?ranch tricoloured flag. A salltte from. the Invalids aunounoe-d the — derattare Of the Empress from the Tuileries. The Imperial tiirtege, = co mposed of eight carriages, left the Tuileries by the Place tin Carrousel, and entered the Rne Rivoli by the Arcade of the Pavillon Richelieu. In 4he first and second were the officers and ladies of the , houSehold of the Princess Mathilde and the Princess Clotilda ; in the third the officers of the household of Prince Jerome ; in the fourth and fifth the officers of the households of their Ma jesties; in the sixth was the Princess Mathilde ; and in the seventh the Princess Clotilda. The eighth contained her Majesty and the Prince Imperial, the former of whom was dressed in white, with a Leghorn bonnet, the Prince being also in white. The carriage of the Empress Regent was escorted on the right by Marshal Magnan, the adjutant -general of the palace, and the first equerry, and on the left by the Marquis de Lawcestine, commander-in-chief of the National Guards, an equerry of the Emperor, and two orderly officers. During the passage of the Empress, a complete shower of bouquets was thrown from the windows, and as the carriage passed, the people rushed forward, and flung flowers into it in such profusion, that on its arrival at Notre Dame, it resembled a perfect flower garden. At the same time, all along the line the cheers and acclamations were most en thusiastic. The entrance of the cathedral was handsomely ornamented with flags, and the interior of the building was richly dressed out. Her Majesty, on alighting from her carriage, held the Prince by the hand, and proceeded to the entrance, where the Cardinal, surrounded by his clergy, delivered an address, in which, after alluding to the happy cause of the ceremony, he said : "We are anxious ourselves, Madame, to return thanks to the Almighty, and to invoke his abundant blessings on the country, the Emperor, the Empress, and the Prince Imperial. I shall, therefore, confine myself to lay at the feet of your - Majesty the' homage of the profound respect and devotedness of the 'venerable chapter of this church and of all the clergy of Paris." The Empress thanked the Cardinal, and then followed him to a chair of state placed opposite the grand altar, by the side of which were seats for the Princess Mathilda and the Princess Clotilda. On either side were places reserved for the Ministers, the constituted bodies of the State, the members of the different tribunals, and other persons in authority. The Sardinian Ambassador was also present. On her Majesty taking he , of the organ burst forth, accompanying the Te Deem, which was sung by the full choir of the church. The ceremony concluded with the Doming salvum fac- The cortege that returned to the Tuileries in the order in which it had come, and amidst the same manifestations of enthusiasm frem the vast crowds who had assembled in spite of the excessive heat. At night, the various theatres were most and every part of the metropolis brilliantly lit up, illuminated --..----..1,110...-- seat, the strains INDIA AND CHINA MAILS. The advices are—from Calcutta, May 17th ; Bom bay, June 4th ; and Hong Kong, May sth. The Calcutta and China mails have been delayed by the wreck of the mail steamer Alma. The Indian journals are barren of anything like interest. The Bombay Gazette, of June 4th, says, this side of India is perfectly quiet. From the north we hear only of the usual encounters on the borders of Oude and Nepaul. , The Bombay correspondent of the Times says the murmur of a portion of. the troops in the late East India Co.'s service have become' less audible. The deliberations of the Court of Inquiry are unknown. Lord Clyde has allowed two companies of the 3rd Bengal Europeans to draw up a petition to Parlia ment setting forth their wrongs. It is rumoured that some of the Sikh regiments are about to raise the cry of a fresh bounty or discharge. Crest of the Wave, from Liverpool, arrived at Shanghai, April 16th. Sir John Bowring left Hong Kong for England, May sth. The Bombay Times says : The wise measures taken by Lord Clyde to allay the dis content of the European forces of the late East India Company, have resulted in the re-establishment of order and discipline throughout the whole body. There are but few comparatively who would accept an absolute discharge, even were it offered ; and the most generous course would be to grant a fresh bounty to the whole. It is said that the Sikhs having got hold of the rumour that bounty is to be had by kicking up a dust, are following the example of the Bengal Euro peans, they. say they enlisted to serve John Kum panee and not the Ranee. The Delhi Gazette has the following telegram : From Major Bruce. Camp between Newulgurgh and the Jorwah Pass; Dated 21st May. After a night's march Sir H. Grant came upon Nana Bala Roa, and Rajah Devee' Bux.'s forces in the Jorwah Pais early this morning. The jungle was very thick,4hich favoured all attempts of the rebels to hold the position; armed with two guns. As soon as the heights were crbwned they fled in great disorder up the Pass and over the. hills ; a number were killed, and their. guns and camp taken:. The force pursued them up the Pass and over the hills. Lieutenant Torrens, of the Bads, A.D.C., slightly wounded; and there are several casualties in the 7th Punjaub Thfantry, the only corps engaged. ". This constant discomfiture ,of their forces and capture of their gung and camps must be reducing the rebels on the frontier of Oude to a miserable position. They cannot surely last out much longer. The Nana, however, still slips thiough our fingers. It is probable that he . may be with his forces and those of his allies on this occasion. The Inam question is happily in- the way of receiving satisfactory - and early solution in the Madras Presidency;so lately threatened. with it Com mission, based upon the detestable principles that have for years passed unsettled all - proprietary rights, and made our name a bye-word fcr rapacity and bad faith. The titles to holdings,in'the judgment of Sir Charles _Trevelyan, shoUldThe determiaed upon the following principles :- 1. Fifty .years' poSsession to 'constitute 'a prescriptive title.. 2: The revenue acoaants to be• resorted to, not to upset the Inemclai's holding, but to enable him to prove his occupancy for the required period. •3. When the uninter rupted possession . for a period less than 50 years has been proved under circumstances which afford a reasonable pre sumption that the failure of the proof of longer possession is owing only to-the lapse of time, the' whole term shall be held to have been proved. The Calcutta Englishman gives currency to a rumour that Lord •Canning has actually sent his resignation,by the mail. It is stated that a despatch is .heing prepared at Calcutta, for transmission by the next. mail to the Secretary of State for India, recommending a reduc tion of all civil salaries at 20' "per , cent. On sums above 500 rupees, and 10 per cent:. under 600. , The life of ihe Nawaub of Furruckabad has been spared. He is in effect pardoned, on the. sole con dition that he shall immediately quit the British territory for ever. CHINA. (From the Overland China Mail) The Hon. Mr. Bruce, the Minister to Peking and the new Superintendent of British trade in China, arrived at Hong Kong in the Magicienne, on the 26th ultimo, but did net land officially till the 2nd instant, when he assumed charge of the Superintendency. On Friday he goes from this to Canton, in order it is p r e sume d t o se ttl e th e s it e for the new factories, and shortly after will depart for the North. Though Mr. Bruce goes to Peking, in order to exchange the ratified treaty, it is generally under stood that his permanent residence will be at Shanghae. Another arrival has been that of the new naval commander; Rear-Admiral Hope, C.B. Sir John Bowring leaves for England by this snail, after ten years in China, but no news has•arrived of the appointment of a successor. In these circumstances the Acting-Governorship devolves on Colonel Caine,. the Lieutenantlovernor, who has been connected with the colony since its formation. Another colonial change is the resignation of the chief magistrate, the Hon, Tudor Davis, who has accepted the office of CoMmissioner of Foreign Revenue under the Chinese Government. • - , • ,Tho,death of Pihtlwei, the Governor of Canton, has given rise to the Autabor of report.; *mon& the Chiuebe, who THE NORTHERN TIMES, WEDNESDAY, JULY & 18t9 really know less about their officials than we do ourselves. It was said among them , that he had .committed suicide, or had died of grief, on hearing' of the execntign of his brother Pih-seen, at Pekin, who, as mentioned in our last issue, was publicly decapitated for tampering with the papers at a literary examination, and whose death was the the more ignominious as it is the only instance of a Mandarin of the first rank having been publicly executed under the.present dynasty. As we anticipated, there has been little foundation for the rumours in regard to the re-establishment at Canton of the old Cohong, or authorised association of merchants having the exclusive privilege of dealing with foreign traders. There is no intention of re-establishing the Cohong, but that the principal Chinese dealers in foreign goods at Canton desired to do so in order to put a stop to smuggling. COMMERCIAL. BOMBAY, June 4.—NeWs of the war and the last advices from Liverpool have caused a decline ia cotton from sr. to 7r. per cin. Markets drooping, and holders anxioes to sell. Market for cotton piece goods awl yarns same as last report. In freights there is a slight decline, the sates for Liverpool being 20 to 25. HONG KONG, May s.—Trade dull. Rebels in possession of the country interrupt transit. Cotton higher, owing to local demand. The export of tea to Great Britain ihows.a decrease for this season of 1,300,0001b5. To the 'United States there is an increase of about one million pounds. Exchange on London rather higher ; tonnage superabundant. The market at Amoy overstocked with cotton, yarns, and shirtin crs. At Shanghai the import market bad improved consider ably. The exports of silk from China to Europe show an increase of 10,000 bales. CANADA THE UNITED STATES. ARRIVAL OF THE NORTH BRITON The screw steamer North Briton, arrived here this morning, with Quebec and Montreal advices to the 26th ult., being' four days later than o ur p rev i ous advices. She had also about 100 passengers. There is nothing of the least interest from Canada. The Quebec papers were filled with the war news from Europe, and accounts of their growing crops, the latter being of a most glowing description. Later news from - California had been received via St. Louis. San Francisco dates were up to the 30th May. Business at San Francisco is very dull, with no prospect of a very speedy revival, owing to the large stock of mer chandise on hand. Eastern shippers are cautioned against further shipments. Advices from Oregon state that the Legislature met at Salem on the 16th of May. Luther Elkins was chosen President of the Senate, and W. G. L. Fault, Speaker of the House. Judge Williams, and Mr. Grover, late a representative in the Legislature, are the most prominent candidates to supersede Delazon Smith in the U. S. Senate. The news from Frazer River continues to be of a dis couraging nature, and the shipments of gold from there are very small. Governor Douglas had issued a decree providing for the naturalisation of aliens after a three years' residence in the Territory. A despatch from New Orleans says : The steamer Cahawba has arrived, with llavannah dates of the 19th. Su g ar is reported dull at 71,c. to 71e.; st oc k on hand 400 , 000 boxes. Lard firm at 19tc. to 20c. Flour, $4 50c. to $5 50c. Sterling Exchange r .113 to 116 ; draft on New or at sight, 3to 5 per cent. premium ;on Boston 5 percent. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE QUEBEC, Saturday, June 25, 1859 Messrs. Forsyth, Bell, and Co., in their circular say Since we lasfissUed our circular we have had more satis factory accounts of- the money market in England,' and hopes are entertained that with the cheapness of money confidence will revive, but until we have a more settled state in Europe.we 'much fear trade will not improve to that degree, as to be felt advantageously in Colonial produce generally; certainly not in wood. ' White Pine is accumulating, and although occasionally a raft changes hands the market is depressed. lied Pine is also difficult of sale unless very fine, in quality. Oak : Some fair lots of last year have been sold at 15d but the demand is not brisk, though rather better than it was early last month, as the' shipments have been Pretty large. New timber has been placed at our quotations. Elm has •been sold in the 'raft at 11d to is per 40 feet, while 8d to 9d may be quoted for 34 to 35 feet of ordinary quality, while inferior is difficult of sale at any price. Tamaric continues very dull. Staves have' been telling pretty freely owing to the reduction in price c at* standards may be quoted at £39 to £4O, and W es t India £l2 10s to £l2 15s by large parcels. In small lots £l2 lOs and £l3 to £l3 lOs is the ruling price. Deals are much as we last quoted. Freights vary little frorn what they were a fortnight ago, although for the outports vessels are wan t e d b u t f ew are offering. _ MONTREAL, Friday, June 24, 180. The weather has continued cloudy, with occasional showers, but the temperature is seasonably warm. The accounts from the country generally continue, on the whole, favourable, though considerably injury has been done by the two June frosts, particularly the second. Great stagnation prevails here in every branch of- business, and people- are thinking of going to the country 'or the sea side, .• ; Ashes : The price iti 13ritain'isdeclining, and the letters are gloomy; COnsumerS there are fully suppliedond . the quantity,. pressing on the inarket as well as- continually arriving, is heiivy. In tlies&eireninstances shippers here are holdina , off, and the prices paying are irregulars: We quote pots 29s to 29s 9d ; the price paying for small bills being . 29s to 291 i 3d; or, at the utmost, . 29s 6d ; and for shipping parcels'29s 9d. Pearls are about 30s. Furs : The first public sale of raw furs attempted in this city took place at the store of the undersigned on Thursday la*; and though but feW consignments haa'been sent to it by country merchants, the plan not being generally knoWn or appreciated, the attendance of buyers was good, and the bidding very spirited, considering the great depression that has Come.oVer the EnroPein market on account or the war. The late sales in London have,. we understand, proved a failure; and •Leipsic fair, which opened briskly, fell off greatly towards the close. In fact, it is said prices of some kinds of furs fell nearly 'one half during its continuance. Notwithstanding these depressing influences— known, of course, to all the buyers—the furs offered at the sale above mentioned brought the following prices, which, we are in formed, were their full value, quality considered. The charges on this mode of selling arc 5 per cent., including everything but freight : Musk rat, 8d ; fisher, lOs ; otter, 25s ; Wolfe, 3s 9d ; mink, lOs 9d;' fox, 5s "9d ; Wolverine, 6s;' coon, a very poor lot, 7}d—all per skin; beaver, a poor lot, 4s 2d per lb. Joins . DotroALL. NEw. YORK, Thursday. June 23rdi 18.591 Flour —Receipts fair. State and Western heavy, and 10 cents lower ; sales of Western 3,000 barrels. Superfine State $5 , to $6; extra, $6,20 to $6,40; round hoop Ohio, $6,50 to $6,80; common to h .crood extra western. $6,25 to $6,75. Southern h eavy an d . lower ; sales 6,000 barrels at $6,75 to $7,30 for mixed .to good; $7,50 to $9 for fancy and extra. Canadian Flour—Superfine and Extra nominal. Wheat heavy and' lower ; sales small ; Southern Red $1,68 ; White $1 78. Dorm-heavy sales of 16,000 bushels; mixed western at 80c to 82c ; Weitern yellow 84c. Oats heavy ;. sales of Southern and Jersey at 42c to 44c ; Northern. and:Western 450 to 50c. Pork heavy and declining ; sales 100 barrels ; Mess, $16,40 to $16,50; Prime, $13,70. Lard quici, ; sales 200 packages at 10Ic to 1110. Stocks are dull and heavy. Money and Exchange are without any new features. 'PASSENGERS PER (s.s.) NORTH BRITON, Captain Grange, from Quebec to Liverpool. —The Hon. George Pemberton, Sheriff Tho Mas and Lady, Miss Thomas, Miss II Thomas, Miss C. Thomas, Master .James Cartwright -Stevenson, and nurse, Misses Reynolds, Miss Austin, Miss C. Austin, Miss Ste Wart, Mids Gilmour, .A. B. Hawke, Esq., and lady, Miss Hawke; Messrs. H. Russell, H. Rankin, C. E. Seymour, Merrill, J. C. Gilmour, Coulson, P. Lintind, James Smith, Lumley, L. Oliver, Privost, W. Bale, Barry, Edward Martin, Savage, and Nield. GREEBA CASTLE ACADEMY, DOUGLAS, ISLE OF MAN.—This is the most delightful and beautiful spot any where to be found on the loVely island, and is universally acknowledged to be the healthiest. Few schools can offer so many advantages of situation and comfort as' the above, it will be found in every respect suitable for the residence and educati on of the so i First-class masters pro v ided f or eac h branch s of i Prospectuses, . wi th eopper-plato n o f the n gsetnrturcyton. o engraving of the castle, may be had on application. Ttkn midsummer., vacation will . terminate on the 30th Jr' y. tonducted to and from . kivorpool by one of the PlastE rs, such t 9 th9iT midenceo, qa* 44ll ired, tts THE FINAWCES OF AUSTRIA. It is pretty well known what the general state of the Austrian exchequer is at the :present moment. Little money, much paper, and an even greater amount -of liabilities Without assets." Nevertheless,. a closer inspection of the yearning coffers of the Hapsburg treasury will be useful, if not in preventing new speculators from blindly rushing upon their own ruin, at least in enlightening those political observers, who would wish to coolly calculate the chances Of a revivification of the corrupt body. 'Austria began the present war with a number of finan cial measures, which were scarcely worthy of being designated by such business-like terms. No sooner had the army been ordered to pass. the Ticino, previous to the actual commencement of hostilities, than the four following expedients were resorted to : "I. The Vienna Bank suspended its cash payments, which had been resumed only a short time previously. " 2. A new loan of 200,000,000 florins was offered in the market. It being, however, impossible, to get rid even of a florin's worth of bonds, two-thirds of the loan were covered by the issue of new notes of five florins each. " 3. By an Imperial order it was decreed that, in future, the interest uporrGovernment Stock should be subject to a certain direct tax, no matter by . whom the Stock was held. "4. All tolls and duties were to be paid in future in cash, none of the Imperial bank notes forced upon the public being accepted for this purpose." To this series of arbitrary measures anoth( worse one, was added, a few weeks after the I been fired. The interest of the national debt was hence- forth to be liquidated in bank notes only, that part of the public loans expressly contracted for silver, not excepted. All -these five expedients were of a kind such as no Governments ever have recourse to, unless under the most pressing circumstances, and after their means have been exhausted by long and unsuccessful wars. Every where the pockets of the people were drained previous to the declaration of public bankruptcy. Here the question arises as to whether Austria has behaved in a bona fide way or not. In either case, the reply must be equally detrimental to her reputation. For if she strained every nerve to satisfy her creditors, before proceeiing - to all but open 'repudiation, the necessary conclusion is, that the country has been impoverished to a degree that renders the payment of the 'public . debt 'impossible; and, on the other band, if she carelessly or wantonly threw off the burden from her shoulders at a time when she wa s s t rong enough to bear it, the inference, of necessity, would be even more detrimental to her character. At all events, however, we should bear in mind that Austria at this time is a State that has sus pended payment. The notes she issues to the public in millions being considered too worthless to be taken back into the Imperial pockets, their price in Austria has receded to about half the nominal value. And there is no saying how many more millions will be' issued, what rate of dis-. count they will finally reach, and to what distant future the prospect of their redemption may be postponed by the' reckless expenditure of a Government obstinate in its continuance of the war in spite of all reverses. A glance at the origin and development of this financial catastrophe will suffice to show from what depths of mismanagement the evil has arisen. Even at the beginning of this century the state of the Imperial exchequer was by no means a brilliant one. A little time after the outbreak of the French Revolution and the wars consequent upon that event, the poverty of Austria had become so great as to lead to the open confession of two bankruptcies within the short pe!iod between the years 1810 and 1820. -At the commencement of the year 1811 no less than 833 florins in in bank-notes were required to cover the sum of 100 florins in silver ; after this the rate of exchange improved a little, and in 1813 the old assignats were superseded by new - ones, in which operation 1 florin's worth of the fresh paper was given for sof the late issue. But this comparatively prosperous state of affairs did not continue long. Hostilities against Napoleon having been resumed; new millions of entirely worthless assignats Were manufactured, and the value consequently deteriorated rapidly. At length, in 1818, when peace had become a fait accompli, the Vienna bank was again charged to effect an exchan g e of .the once mo re depreciated mites. On this occasion 250 florin assignats were ,demanded for 100 of the new bank-notes. In 1848, the price of the bank notes was at par, but the public debt had augmented quite out of proportion with the financial resources of the Empire.• In 1818 the aggregate of the sum amounted to 500,000,000 florins, which went on increasing until it reac h e d, i n 1848, 832,000,00011brins. By the revolutionary troubles of that year, the finances of Austria were once more plunged into hopeless and inextrica ble confusion, as will be clearly apparent by the following figures : Revenue. 1818 1848 Expenditure. 152,955,000f1 166,930,000 There was,' then, in 1818, a surplus of revenue over expenditure of 7,611,000f1., which, in 1848, by the two fold effect of a decrease in revenue and an increase of expenditure, had been changed for a deficit of 45,110,000f1. This, in 180, owing to the expenditure having in one,short year reached the incredible figure of 270,000,000f1., amounted to the sum of 125,000,000f1. Simultaneously with this progressive deficit, the bank, notes re-commenced their downward movement. In 1845, the aggregate 'of bank-notes was 180,000,000. In 1848 it was as much as • 223,000,00, and, in 1849, no less than 250,500.000. As 71`,000,000 of assignats, besides these bank-notes,. had been issued, the whole mass of paper money, Withinfonr.years, had been raised from 180,000,000 to 321,000,000. . Since that time, ten years have elapsed; but they were no years of peam or quiet for Europe at large, and much less so for Austria in particular. If four or five years had been required •to overcome the worst consequences of the French war in the beginning of this century, the expenses occasioned to Austria by her armed neutrality during the Crimean conflict drained the national exchequer almost as much as an actual campaign. That under such circum stances the expenditure of the Empire could not be curtailed is a matter of course, and the whole amount' of the evil may be conveniently viewed in, the annexed tabular state ment. The expenditure amounted in 1850 18.51 1852 1853 1R54 1855 1856 to 181,000,000 florins „ 210,000,000 „ „ 188,000 000 „ „ 312,000;000 „ 343,000,0 1 0 „ 369,000,000 „ 396,000,000 „ 348.000,001 „ 438,000,000 „ 612,000,000 „ 424,000,000 The chief bulk of the increase was caused by the military department, upon which, against a sum of 25,000,000 florins in 1845, 218,000,000 were expended in 1855. Thus the military.expenses.were increased more than fourfold within these ten years. As to the increase of the disbursements in the other departments within the same period, that of the Home Office went up from 16,00(1,000 to 39,000,000 florins; tliit of the Ministry of Finance from 12,000,000 to 28,000,000 florins; of the Ministry of Justice, from 5.000,000 to 15,000,000 fli)rins ; of the Ministry of Public Education, from 2,000,000 to 5,000,000 florins: The Court civil list does not amount to more than 6,500,000 florins, the Imperial family'being possessed of immense private pro perty, acquired from the domains of the state. _ _ _ _ . Another interesting series of figures is supplied by a comparative table of the sums required for the liquidation of the interest on the public debt. For this purpose there was set aside in • 1845 1850 1851 1854 . 1855 1856 41,000,000 florins 50,041,000 ~ 60,000,000 „ 72,000,000 ~ 77,000,000 „ 98,000,000 ~ Thus, within eleven years, the amount of the interest was exactly doubled, the total . of the public debt reaching within the same space of time the enormous sum of 1;00,000,000 florins. Bnt even this was not enough. Before the last day of 1857, the a&rgregate had been extravagantly forced up to between 1,800,000,000 and 2,00,000,000 florins Howeier, we ought not to forget the considerable, though disproportionate increase of revenue, accruing to the state during flu: same period by the restless activity of Freiherr von Bruck, Minister of Finance. Against 160,000,000 florins, the auregate of the revenue in 1845, he contrived to raise it to The sum total of 268.000,000 in 1856. The principal source of this increase NMI in Hungary, which up to 1848 had been liberated from all direct taxation, but after that year had all at once an enormous impost laid upon its inhabitants. By these and similar means {taxation in all the provinces was stretched to its utmost limits), Austria had As% resumed the exchange of certain c;;;tegories of,paper money for cash, when the present war in Italy was forced upon her by Napoleon, an d the first signs of amelioration wet, swept a wa y f or many f,%, Correvonderit, IMPERTAI PARLIAItiENT. HOUSE OF' LORDS.-TUESDAY . OUR' ITAVAD.DEFENCPS Lord Lynllhurst, pursuant to notice, called attention to the state of the national' defences. He referred' to the changes in the condition of naval warfare brought about by modern inventions, and especially by the application of steam. It was now no Ibugsr possible that England, by her fleets alone, could maintain herself safe from invasion. It was, however, necessary to keep these fleets in a condition of the highest efficiency, anti' to• make them able to cope with the united navies of any other two countries in the world. He contrasted, in some detail, the past and present force of the British and French navies, and' contended that much remained to be done in order to raise the forme r to its proper relative superiority. Last year we were surpassed, both in steam men-of-war and steam frigates, by the French navy. In the first we had now recovered our supremacy, and should increase that supremacy still further next year ; but our inferiority in frigates, yet remained, and, as he was well, assured, in the training and discipline of the seamen Is we bad no fleet to secure us against invasion, we ough t to maintain a land force able to resist any invading force that might be thrown upon our shores. For this purpose not less than 400,000 regular troops, and an equal number of militia, would be required, with additional precaution of the construction of strong fortifications in our garrisons and arsenals. With regard to the intentions of the Continental Pawers, he attributed no ill-faith to the Emperor of the French, but would not trusta Sovereign who had no reliance on himself, but who was compelled to act according to the ought to be secure in her own strength, without trusting either to the alliance or the forbearance of foreign powers. Lord Stratford de Redeliffe was not afraid of invasion, but concurred in the necessity of maintaining a strong defensive force both by sea and land. Earl Granville considered that irritating allusions to the conduct and position of foreign powers were highly injudi cious. At no time were we in less peril of invasion. We were on the best terms with the United States ; Russia was unprepared for war ; and France was engaged in a struggle (reservation of was. materially endangered by the inflammatory langnac , coming from either branch of the legislature. He dec aLd relax no exertions, to give ample strength and efficiency to the resources of the country the measures taken in offic e for the origanis )y the present Government when last Ltion of the navy, which was most imperfect and inefficient. We could not maintain our safety and influence in Europe without a fleet of 400 sail of the line. • The Duke of Somerset explained the steps which he was taking to expedite the works in the dock yards, and in other ways, and the exertions made for the building and manning of the new ships After some remarks from Lord Brougham, the Earl of Ellenborongh, the D ake of Argyle, and the Dake . of Rutland, the subject dropped. The House then adjourned at 3.15 p.m. lIOUSE OF COMMONS. -TUESDAY Mr. Vansittart asked the Secretary of State for India. excitement which had prevailed amongst the East India Company's European troop 3, consequent upon the with drawing of the alternative of re-enlisting with new bounty, or of being 'discharged on the occasion of the transfer of their services to the Crown, and, if so, whether he has reason to believe that such excitement no longer existed. Sir C. Wood said, there was now, much less excitement on the subject, and that he believed the claims made by the troops altogether. unfounded. Investigations on the matter were still in progress. TUE SERPENTINE Sir Minto Farquaher asked the First Commissioner of Works, whether he proposes to carry out the intention of his predecessor in office, as expressed on the Bth of last March, by taking . a vote in the estimates for the purification of tlw Serpentine daring the Autumn of this year. Mr. Fitzroy said, it was intended to include the vote in the estimates of the year. TUC GALWAY CONTRACTS Mr. Baxter asked the First Lord of the Treasury, if the attention of Her Majesty's Government has been called to -the contract entered into with the Atlantic Steam Navigation Company, to carry mails between Galway and the United States, and whether they consider it advisable, in the interest of the public, that the contract should, under certain conditions, be cancelled.:, Mr. Gladstone said, that•no decision was arrived at in this matter, which had occupied the earnest attention of the government. It was thought advisable that the whole series of. contracts, which. extended over many years,. and 'bad grown in o a sys tion of Parliament, for the purpose of regulating future proceedings, not with any reference to the present. ' He should, therefore, on Thursday, move for the appointment of a select committee to examine into all these contracts, whether for steam or telegraph considerations, with a view to _improvement and further arrangement of the entire tivstelt. CLERK OP THE COUNCIL IN CAN. DX Mr. Gregory moved for a select committee to inquire into the arrangements under which Mr. G. Rylands was induced to resign the patent -office-of:Clerk of the Council in Canada; whether that step was taken under a distinct guarantee of the'Lord High Commissioner (Lord Sydenham).; and, if so, whether that guarantee had been fully and fairly carried out by the Imperial Gnvernment. He contended there was a strong case against the officers of the Crown in Canada, owing to the manner in which Mr. Rylands had been treated, and the long injustice to which he had been subjected. It was the opinion of eminent counsel that a petition of rights could be maintained against the Crown. The traditions of the Colonial Office, as acted upon in many instances, were pro ductive of 'sovereign injustice. It was, at least, a case for Inquiry. Mr. C. Fortescue entered into the circurnqanc case, showing that the arrangements under which Mr. Rylands claimed, in vacating one office and accepting another, were made by the Colonial Government with the. sole view to the political interests of the colony. He con tended that the Canadian Legislature, would have acted more fairly if it had entered the claim, but the Imperial Government was, under the circumstances, absolved from all responsibility. Chief Justice . Carter had made an award in favour of Mr. Rylands which he had accepted, but which the Canadian Legishiture 'reduced by one-half. The other half was paid by the Imperial Govern ment. The case after this award rested upon different grounds, and now the questiOn was re-opened, on the ground that the award was insufficient. The Imperial Government had already gone beyond their duty in their generosity towards Mr. Rylands, and he should consider it equally unfair to the public, and impolitic, if the matter were re considered by the 'Legislature of this country. A committee for the purpose of obtaining more money for Mr. Rylands would be ineffectual, and for clearing his character it would be u. , . , eless, as there was no imputation upon it, Gia a division the motion was negatived by 235 to 20. ' ItAILWAY Alt B ITRAT Colonel W. Patten obteiucd leave to introduce enabling railway companies to settle their differ w ith other companies by arbi'mtion. ?OWItII OP IMPRISONMENT, Cob.,;ion io moving for leaie to bring is a bill linaitin the power of imprisonment, aml for small debts, exercise by the County Court Judges, olieerred that this power was used as punishment, and not as satisfaction off the debt, ii & in Superior Courts. This power• required limitation, and was not contemplated by the Act of Parliament. Mr. Malin reprobated the use made by many of the County Court Judges of their powers of imprisonment, some of them having issued 700 in one year. The mis chief arose from the absence of a bar, which could exercise a sufficient control upon the judge. This power of imprison ment ought to be carefully guarded, and only permitted in grave cases. Eighty day's imprisonment was too long a term, and ought to be materially abridged. Mr. Millie Cochrane thought that the bill would be wholly inadequate to put a stop to the tyranny of the County Court Judges Mr. Henley observed, that the condition of debtors im prisoned by the courts, was nearly as bad as that of felons. The effect was, that the debtors had to be maintained bi the country, and his family by the parish Mr. Clive said, that tl roduetion of the bill government would not oppOse )e said that, according to a return he held in adds, the number of committants for non-appear -e those for fraud were but 69. Leave :ven to bring in the bill. Llnce WE Mr. Palke mov( RTFLR CORPS 1 the following resolution —" That this House will on Tuesday next, resolve itself into a committee, to consider upon an humble address to Her Majesty, praying that she will be graciously pleased to give directions, that the necessary arms, accoutrements, furnished to Volunteer Rifle Cores, and ammunition, be 54, as well as to Artillery Corps in maritime towns, and to assure Her Majesty that this House will make good the same." The arrangements for forming Volunteer Corns were by no means sufficient, and ought to be further regulated and enlarged. Captain Jervoise seconded the motion. Mr. H. Berkeley urged the government to take the matter in hand, and to furnish the arms and clothing. He trusted per training grounds would be provided, and care Id irregular hand- Act 44, G 111, Ca taken tnavoid ,s from amateur After some observations from Colonel Dickson, Lord H. r. T. Dancombe, and Mr. Briscoe. General Peel approved of the arrangements of the were to be furn the effective force of the corps would then be kept up in a proper state. The artillery of the country, which was the arm of the service ver in a more efficient ( actory state t lan at present ' Mr. S. Herbert said that these volunteers would be most useful as an auxiliary force, but beyond this they would be a most mischievous. The government felt grateful for the exertions of those who had raised these corps, and would give them all due encouragement. A t the same time he hoped the government would not be pressed too hard. As there appeared to be a unanimity on the subject, he trusted that the motion would not be pressed. After some remarks from Colonel North, Mr. Felwyn declared that many persons were prevented from joining the volunteers owing to the difficulty of finding good practising grounds. Mr. Palk withdrew his motion. PRACTICE [N THE ADMIRALTY COURTS. Mr. Hadfield moved for leave to enable barristers and attorneys to practice in the Courts of Admiralty. The till had the assent of the Law Officers of the present administration. C. Lewis fully admitted the propriety of the principles of the bill, whereby the Court of Admiralty was .rown fficulty lay in the present practitioner; in the 'Cour't.— Lease was given FOREIGN ENLISTMENT BILL Mr. Digby Seymour moved for leave to introduce a Bill to amend the Foreign Enlistment Act, so far as it related to transports and store ships. The Act was only intended to apply to privateers, and its application to store ships was productive alike of difficulties and injustice. - Sir G. Lewis observed that the present was an inoppor tuue time to alter the law which had just been appealed to by a royal proclamation, and the provisions of which had been respected by each succeeding administration since 1819. He, therefore, did not feel justified in assenting to the introduction of the bill. Mr. Bowyer thought that the proposed alteration would render the preservation of neutrality more difficult, and would lead to serious contraventions of international law. Mr. Collier would not have consented to the law of 1819 if had now been introduced, but could not approve in alteration at the Present time. Mr. Digby Seymour withdrew his motion. OFFICES UNDER THE CROWN Mr. Wrightson moved for leave to bring in a Bill amend ing the Act which necessitate the vacation of seats by members accepting offices under the Crown. Mr, A. Smyth considered that such vacation of seats was a constitutional safeguard, and opposed the motion. Mr. Ingram supported the motion ; the present law was passed for times very different from the present. On a4iivision, the motion was negatied by 53 to 51 ROADS AND BRIDGES, Mr. Alcock moved that a humble address be presented to• her Majesty, praying that a commission may issue to inquire and report on the turpike roads and bridges in Englaud Wales. Sir G. C. Lewis opposed the motion, showing . that, : the state of these trusts had of late years been greatly traprotect. Mr. Hope approved of the system of rates mther than s were a ea'sy to establish, rates bolislied, it wculd tiot,be Sir. Crawford moved that the wording of the Scotekeozn mission should be adopted in place of that of :he proposed motion Mr. B. Carter thought that a committee Was, at. present, premature, while other committees were in vogvess. _ The motion was negatived without a divisux.. CHURCH RI.TES, Mr. Aleock moved for leave to introduce a. bill for the voluntary commutation of church rates. opposed the bill, which,, he .sai , 4was an Mr. 6riffitl allegorical one Leave was then, however, given THE BREED OF SALW,N. . Mr. 'llopwnod obtained leave to introduce a bill for lint more effectual preServation and increase of tha breed of salmon, and fish of the salmon kiral, and for the better regulating the fisheries in the rivers of England. HALF-FAY FULL. ?AY Col. North moved that this Howe will resdvc itself into a committee to-morrow, to consiaer of an a4dress to Rer Majesty, that she will be graciously , pleased to grant the half pay of £4OO a y ear una tt a e le d pay to : certain general officers who obtained promotion upon, bile pay under the provisions of the general order.of the .23rd. April, 1826, who have since become general offiet : rs., and; are now receiving only the half pay of their regimental< rank, and to assure Her Majesty that this House will make gond the same.' Mr. t. Herbert opposad the motiou, as the ulcers in question were not entitled to•the' half pay by their time of General Peel strongly urged the claims of the Dfficers. After some observthons from Colonel Damn, in favour of the motion., the, Rouse di:ided, when the motion waa negatived by 42 to 22. PROVEMEN7.I n obtained " leave to introduce a bill to inteznal commatnication in Irel4a4 by means of IN IRELAND, MT. Hu - rill facilitat tramroads or tramways. RIMIER OF CATHOLICS, Sir C. Somerville moved for leave . 6) introduce a bill to amend! an act passed in the loth year of hi s M a j es ty Bing George IV., entituled, "An act for the roltef of his Majesty's Roman Catholic subjects." His object was to repeal that part of the act which prohibitcd. a Roman Catholic from holdin the office of Lord Charxellor of Ireland. The Fohib - Lton was introduced under the mistaken impression that the Chancellor possessed church patronage, of which he possessed none whatever. Mr. P. Urquhart seconded the motion. Sir G. C. Lewis supported the motion, showing, by t e th b e el d ie is v t e r d ibu t t h i a o t n o th f e ch ti c ab. h. quotation from the bpeech . of Sir R. Peel, when he intro introduced r was se in R tss Reform. Bill, o ll,h f patronage. Sir 11: Bridges did not believe in the alleged mists e. He did not approve of the bill, but would not now fq,piiee reserving his opposition to a future stage. Leave was then given to introduce the bill. JURY TRIAL (SCOTLAND) BILL. The Jury Trial (Scotland) Act Amend! s tnt 13111 was read it third time. ANOVAIN; MEN T. The other orders of tit!, day were dispo - sed of, and th 4 house adjouruKl A 4 11°6 p.m. tation ;erred r the had meat t or