The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-04-07 00:00:00

e a v :•ea Pre I 41 7, that he made the tender. On the 15th January he was aware of the unfortunate state in which Messrs. Richardson and Thompson were they were in straitened circumstances, but not insolvent. This was not generally known. He did not recollect on what day it was that an act of bankruptcy Was committed by Mr. Richardson. Up to the 20th he had Made no tender of the purchase money, or of calls. _Mr. AL EXANDER th en a dd resse d the J ury f or th e defence, He called their attention to the fact deposed to by the wit begs just examined, that, a few days before the present eon i'act was made, Messrs. Richardson and Thompson, although in solvent circumstances, had been. making an attempt to com e to an arrangement with their creditors. The contract Aar made ' on the 20th January - on the evening of which day I• Vero left town fo r Ir e l an d, and did not return till the end of the month: By that time it was perfectly clear Messrs. R ichardsonhiiid Thompson had become insolvent. Now, the contract had been made on an express understanding that the calls on the shares should be paid immediately, before the ex piry of the month; and where was the probability that men, who had just become bankrupts. could raise the sum of £1200 ? It was all very well for Mr. Townley to say, " Oh, You nosy rely upon me; I will undertake that both the pur eliase_mone, and the calls shall be paid ;" but brokers were not in the habit of relying so much on one another. What change, if, w ould Mr. Cooke have been thought of upon th e St oc k Ex on the credit of such a statement, he had made the transfer? But he (Mr. Alexander) contended, that no transfer could have been made. To whom should it be made ? From first to last, as they had heard from the evidence, the llame of the transferee had been kept a mysterious secret. Cooke had, in vain, endeavoured to learn it. The trans fer, to comply with the legal requisitions, must have been made to a: person able and willing to pay ; but who was there that was able and willing'to pay ? Was Mr. Vero to transfer his shares to men who were about to go into the Gazette, and thus imeome a creditor. for the amount to the bankrupt firm of Me.4sra. Richardson and Thompson? Most cer ainly not; b u t, even it' he had been willing, it could not have been done, inasmuch as no transf e ree had b e e n men tioned. Mr. Alexander referred, in conclusion, to a case reported in sth Bingham, p. 399. _ Mr. •C RF ASWELL replied, maintaining that, in point of fact, Mr. Townley would have been the transferee, he having received authority from Messrs. Richardson and Thomp son to• receive the transfer ; and that, although no actual tender of money had been made before intimation of re-sale had been given, Mr. Townley had always expressed his rea diness and willingness to fulfil the contract. In point of fact, there could have been no tender while Mr. Vero was absent, because Messrs. Okill and Cooke had always stated that nothing could be done until their principal came back. But, when the principal did return, a tender was made, and, admitting that Messrs. Richardson and Thompson were bankrupts, was it likely that, with the fact of a rising mar ket, they would not have found money to complete the purchase, if the promised notice of Mr. Vero's return had been given to them, and they had been allowed the opportu nity, to w hi c h they were entitled, of completing the contract into which they had previously entered ? The learned Junuic summed up. He told the jury, that they must - not look to any general question, but to the issues joined by the parties, the first of which was, that the defen dant did not make any contract. It had been strewn by Mr. Cooke, however, that a contract had actually been made, and the contract, in the terms stated, had been produced by hint. On the fiat issue, therefore, the verdict must neces sarily be for the plaintiff. But it did not follow that the plaintiff was therefore entitled to any damages, if the defen dant could shew that he was entitled to a verdict on the other is sues. The next plea of the defendant was, that, neither the b an k r u pts, before their bankruptcy, nor t h e i r assignees si nce, were ready to transfer the shares, or to pay for them, Or to pay th e ca ll s d ue. T o t hi s t h e p l a i n tiffs answered, that they were ready ; and the question was, not whether any money was t en d ere d but whether they were ready to pay it. T he question which the jury would hare to determine on this issue was, whether, at the time the shares were re-sold, the bankrupts were ready to pay the amount of the contract and of the cans. Now, it had been given in evidence , that , five days before the contract was made, Messrs. Richardson t a l l id Thompson were in straitened circumstances ; and, al- L ough they might have been able eventually to pay twenty tl e n illines in the pound, it would be for the jury to say, whe thertner they (the bankrupts) were ready, at the time of the contract, to meet the sum for the purchase-money and the e Ps- If the j ur y were satisfied that they were ready to pay, t ell it Was D o matter w h et h er a t en d er h a d bee n ma d e or n u o • t • But the defendant had no right to re-sell until he had g iv en notice, in order to ascertain whether they were ready to eleet the purchase-money and calls. The third issue was, t the - defendant had not dispensed with any. conveyance „ h t. execetion; and the question was, whether the evidence e wed that he had done so or not. If Messrs. Richard ion and:Thonapson, down to their bankruptcy, were ready l°,y a ? , , however insolvent they might have been, and if Mr. 2ii!,_ ° 8 agent said that he (Mr. Vero) would return on the v 9 th, there was no necessity before that to tender any con bel.ance for execution, because there could be no contract e - Tre his retuen. Be returned before the Ist of February, that then Messrs. Richardson and Thompson were told M a ! no conveyance was necessary, because, on the 30th, tt ," Vero had * deprived himself of all power of conveying to bankrupts. If the' jury were satisfied :that the witness r • Townley) was put off, day after day ' until Mr. Vero t t urned, then no tender was necessary ; and if, after his re tUrn, Mr. T own l e y was t o ld that the shares had actually e ll re -sold, then that would operate as a dispensation from idle necessity of sending a conveyance, because it would be Ti ro to tender a conveyance to execute a transfer after. Mr. Th en had ceased to have power to make that transfer. b e " came the fourth issue, that the defendant was ready to Th ompson, until' the bankruptcy of Messrs. Richardson and "e 4 tnpson, on being paid- at the rate agreed upon, but that th ey never agreed to pay, and that, on the 26th, they became fuselyents, and, on the 29th, bankrupts; wherefore, the de . a e ndant, before any tender was made, revoked, rescinded, 1 annulled the agreement, after the expiration of a season ablera time for the offer and tender, and before any tender was of February, It was clear, from the evidence, that, before the Ist rebruary no tender of £lBl. had been made • and the wouldcluestioa be; whether between the 29th of 'January, - te e day on which Mr. Vero returned, (before which day no took'allafer could have been made,) and that of the sale, which Place on the 30th of January, a reasonable time for offer 'NI tender had been made, under all the circumstance. The 1 11 " Y would ; therefore, 'have to say, on each of those issues , what was their judgment. it The jnry retired to consider their verdict. They returred i quarter of an hour, and gave in a verdict for the plain th9 rd ,a , the first issue, and for the defendant on the second, i j on ndourthissues. - hnENrean of APPRENTICESHIP:—BURBRIDGE V. WARD. This was an action on an indenture of apprenticeship, in wh t Nr. John Burbridge, goldsmith and silversMith, of :Inchester, was the plaintiff, and Mr. Samuel Ward, silver 411,Ltant. h, of the seine place, the defendant.. fe ld Mr. See-ar for the plaintiff, and Mr. Martin for the de ft appeared that, in May, 183 5 , George Ward, the son of t he defendant, was apprenticed to . Mr. Burbridge for six }gang, and co n ti n ued in his service till the sth of September, t 143 9, when he deserted the service, on the plea, (a true one,) at he hadattained his majority,.and went to work with his father.ee, The youth was said to be intelligent, and clever as a e-otrkman,.and to be worth to his employer 10s. a day. The - , e ‘ton was, therefore, brought to recover the value of the b etween of the apprentice for fourteen days, being the period -r i tween the sth of September and the bringing of the action. t es t % MARTIN stated, that the indenture would terminate in 'aY 1841, and he wished that there should be a settlement of the whole matter. To that the plaintiff would not consent, Uri te less the youth would agree to return and serve out his time. th luis LORDSHIP observed, in summing up, that, although Ce, fact of the youth having come of age left him at liberty his Son his master, vet, the father, who covenanted that R son should serve for a period of six years, was liable to be 4 " for breach of the covenant, if he could , not induce his so on to fulfil the terms of it. T he sum claimed by the plaintiff was £7, less the amount which w ou ld b e d ue t o the apprentice for wages, at the rate of -` 98 • per week (215.) The jury estimated the value of the e ., Y "th's services at half the sum claimed by the plaintiff, and e a ntiOnedas reasonable by the witnesses namely, ss. per y, and, consequently, returned a verdict ' for £2 9s. The Court rose at a quarter to six o'clock. CROWN COURT, YESTERDAY. TRIAL OF THE CHARTISTS. t i,VerY considerable interest was excited by its being known "at several of the chartist leaders would yesterday be tried, and the court was crowded from an early hour during the w h t o„le day. Was. Vickers Jackson, William Richardson, Wm. But f.,orth and James Bronterre O'Brien, who had traversed 3 : // 1 the , last Assizes, stood indicted for a seditious con „tracY. which was set forth in the indictment as with various I t`ats, such as maliciously and illegally to excite discon tent, riot, routs; to i n duce the people to arm themselves, i ?ao intimidate the Government into new measures ; and also w ~Ith having committed certain overt acts in furtherance of thhobjects. There were four counts to the indictment ; e , two first charging the defendants with seditious con 3314macies, as aforesaid ; the two last with unlawful assem -Ilits and seditious speeches. I „.Mr. S ergeant A tc h er l y , w ith w h om were M r . Knowles and Fa'. Addison, was for the prosecution ; Mr. Wortley de tided Butterworth 'and Jackson ; Mr. O'Brien and Mr. Richardson defended themselves, the latter having the as sistance of Mr. Cobbett in advice on legal points only. Mr. KNOWLES opened the proceedings. Mr. Sergeant ATCHERLY, addressing the jury, said this for s a prosecutio purppsen institud b before her M th aj em esty'the s Governm details ent, th e of layingof a cousieracy of a formidable nature, though happily suppressed, and when they heard these details they would agree with him that it was not bronght forward unjustifiably. It was a conspiracy and combination to create discontent amongst the people ; to excite them to disorder and to tumult, and illegally to intimidate the government into changes of the existing- law. The indictment originally contained the names of six defendants, but two of them, Bennet and Dean, were not now on their trials. The first political meeting held ircus, was on the 23d of April, 1839, at a place called Batty's Bridgewater-street, Manchester. It was the most important meeting of a series. All the four defendants were there; c and th e j ur y w ould have to consider whether the discussion was one of a peaceable and hanoxions kind, or Whether it was not rather calculated to excite disaffection, sod goad the bearers to discontentment and public dis tt*bance. He would not detail the whole of the occurrences, as they would learn them more particularly from the wit 18es. Dean was in the chair, and they would have to con sNer whethe r w h a t was u tt ere d w a s within the fair hounds nlea of discussion, or whether the parties had assembled for 'common and illegal purpose, and employed language cal- Stilated to produce.the evils which he had stated. Dean, ad ,mressing the assemblage, said, " that the government were setting to understand that the people would stand it no lon tr ; that they were determined to have their liberty or die the attempt ; that they were preparing for the crisis, and Would manfully meet it." A voice in the crowd exclaimed, Ve are all ready." Butterworth said the people of Ireland t. ad Scotland were prepared, and if they could not obtain la n eir end by moral means they would try something else. " the national petition were refused, then they would pro need to ulterior measures, and a resort to physical force was amongst them. Rawson, who was now on his trial, s aid he h a d come f rom B ury , w hi c h wou ld sen d d e l ega t es t o t he Convention, thus proving that a correspondence existed With other towns. There, be.said, they were ready for phy 'ilea). force. They had, he said, tried moral means, but to no but the crisis had now arrived when they must resort r ? tided that this force should be exerted in every town, vil 1. Physical force. Enough was stated, indeed, that it was in ne, atm hamlet, and that " the boldest front was to he pre sented to the Government." The defendant Richardson said at his motio n f o r a g eneral arming had even frightened a some of the Convention, so that he expected that some seats 14 that body would become vacant. He (Richardson) also they' that if the people would pay a penny for a meal's meat, : e Y Would surely pay more for the price of liberty, aye, even !th their blood. The speaker then uoted a passage from Wm. Jones, to the effect that the q people had a right to 4,41 themselves ; and he (Richardson) said they should do so. 'ais was not his advice, but Sir William Jones's. The next l'ealter was Mr. O'Brien, who said he was glad to find they );„er,e &c to the mark. He said he had come from Leigh, Chow ., and that every one had signed the petition, that c ' was prepared with sharp argument, and that there was v 4 i , t'lKe for every signature. He said he himself did not ad • Physical force, but he thought they had done right, Le _ th a t if all the men in England acted like those of tal igh, &c., England would soon be free. The petition was, he `• ,ed, a notice to quit to the Commons House, and if they • not, resort should be had to a writ of ejectment. gem, by the door or the window lie would not say. Let e a : , Continued the speaker, go on loyally until the time th iet e When all should be prepared to act. He next hoped he hand of vengeance would be raised, and that even death would be the reward of spies and traitors. Were they prepared (he exclaimed) for that rainy day ?—and the cry was, "We are ready!' Another man from Ramshottam said he trusted they had arms, and asked what the people of Manchester wished to do ? The hont in reply was " Fight." There was to be, he said, a general fight, and they were not to be trodden down. They must obtain the charter peaceably if they could, but forcibly if they must. One of the speakers said that when the national holy day arrived every one should have a stiletto a cubit long, which they might run into the guts of any one who opposed them. They should .also put a pike against the door, and if any one ran against it, let him do so. The people of Middleton (he continued) -had stolen lead from the railway, and made plenty of bullets. The speaker next told them to get guns, but he did not tell them to shoot any thing but sparrows ; and they. should also get picks to pick toads with, for they would want them by and bye, he would not tell them for what purpose. The learned gentleman then read a letter to a person named Thompson, at Birmingham, from which it appeared that a quantity of pikes had been or dered from - him. In conclusion, the learned sergeant said, that no government should prevent the fair and peaceable expression of public opinion ; but the parties had gone far beyond that, and the question for the jury to decide was, whether' they considered the Meeting a harmless oae, in which fair discussion took place, or was calculated to promote tumult, and break up the laws of the country, to which society owed all its safety and happiness. He doubted not but, when they heard the evidence, they would be of opi nion that the object was destructive and seditious. Mr. Tho Mas Thornhill Clarkson.—l am a reporter for the Manchester Guardian. I attended a meeting at Batty's cir cus front seeing a placard. The circus is used for equestrian performances. I got there about eight o'clock in the even ing. The place was quite full. Several persons spoke from a platform. William Butterworth moved that Mr. Dean be called to the chair ; the motion was carried, and be took the chair. .I took notes, hut not full notes. This is an exa mined copy of toy original short-hand notes which I also produce. The words which he uttered were as follows. [Here the witness read the speech, which attributed oppres sive motives to the master manufacturers, in stopping their mills—which was intended, the speaker said, to drive the people to destruction. He next noticed the House of Com mons, in which the people had no confidence. He added that they (the government) were getting to know that the people would no longer stand it, and that they were prepared for the coining crisis, and would manfully meet it. They were all.readv. He next stated what Butterworth said, to the effect that they were prepared to exert moral means, and if that would not they would try something else, if the national- petition were refused. He then read his written report of Rawson's speech, in which the speaker said that he could think of nothing but a determination to use physical force, and to assert their right, by bullet and steel, &c. Ri chardson next spoke. He said the government was now ou its trial, and could not: rezist the demands of the people. The government was, moreover, bankrupt ; and had issued exchequer bills to the amount of four or five millions. The savings banks, too, were a mere contrivance to enable the government to tyrannize over the people. The speaker went on to urge the employment of arms, if the national petition were rejected. He doubted not but that they would pay the noblest price of their liberty,—their blood. He strongly al luded to the foreign policy of the government, which was fast ruining England, and they were afraid of Russia, which if it became restive would involve England in ruin. He then said that Sir William Jones had expressed his opinion that everyman should have a musket in his chamber. He did not advise them to do so, but Sir William Jones did, and let them read the opinions of that great man. The next speaker was Bronterre O'Brien. He rejoiced that they were up to the work, and proceeded to say that he would prove that the government deserved the epithet of robbers which he called them. He also alluded to the corn-laws, which gave such undue prices to the corn lords. The system was nothing but wholesale damnable robbery. The speaker alluded to a leg of mutton, the argument being that the aristocracy got the meat, and the people the bone. He next adverted to the ejectment of the " honorable robbers" from the houses of parliament, but whether by the door or the windows he would not say. Let them be strictly legal till the time came. Let them be prepared for the crisis. They must protect themselves from lobbing, and assasination by justifiable vengeance. Were they prepared. (Cries of the meeting "we are.") They would trust their cause to the God of justice, and the God of battles. • The next speaker was M`Dowall who also spoke in strong language. He trusted they would be armed to resist the rural police bill. When their petition was rejected, which it would be, they must be prepared, for a general resistance. Why, he asked, should the chartists not be trained to arms ? They must permit no bastiles in England. They need not fear the soldiers in open day. All they wanted was to protect their liberties. They must therefore prepare to arms, and to meet the worst. Benbow was the next speaker. He referred them to a little book by Mr. O'Brien, which showed the right of arming, and if 250,000 of them would only come forward they would assist the liberties of the people. They must prepare for the great holyday, from which day they should not work &c. The banks would then be run upon and a national bankruptcy. The defendant Jackson said that if they should come to. his house he would have a pike, and if they chose to run against it they might do so. They should also have guns, and if they were asked for them by the police, give theth what their guns contain. The great protect themselves, by such weapons and why not they. The speaker produced some sort of instrument which the witness did not see and said it is in this way they ought be treated. About 1500 persons were present.] Witness was examined - by Mr. Knowles. I was at the meeting in Stevenson-square. Mr. WORTLEY submitted that there was yet no proof of conspiracy, and therefore to go into the particulars of another meeting was irrelevant.' The learned Judge said that was a question for the jury. Examination continued.—The meeting was held on the I3th July. One David Roberts was in the chair. He advised the meeting to take up any one who came to interrupt them. If the government were determined to thrust bayonets down their throats instead of bread they must meet face by face. Scotland was up, and Carlisle and Newcastle were up. It was useless to talk. They must do, Obedience was only due' to a government who gave the people due protection. There was no protection for life and property. William Butterworth next spoke. He advised them to obey no law made by men not elected to parliament without their voice. He advised them all to arise with guns and pikes. They would compel the government and aristocracy to give up that of which they had robbed them. If policemen entered that meeting, let them open a way for them, and when they got into the midst of them, let the sea of the people close in upon them, and he would not answer for the consequences. Each of you possess yourselves of a lump of flax, dipped in rosin or pitch, and a bundle of congreve matches, and you are each of you an engine of yourselves. He informed them that at a recent meeting two police came up in a gig, and were properly assailed by a volley of stones. la allusion to the Birminglium riots, he said that for every wound inflicted on the men of that town they would have vengeanbe ; for every wound they would make Lord John Russell shed tears of boiling oil. They must be determined to support their own parliament, and they would gain their point. Mr. Rawson next spoke. He alluded to th blood shed at Peterloo. That dirty little fellow, Lord John Russell, had wished to see the day when a rural police would be established all over the country ; but the monkeyfied little fellow would never see that day. When the Manchester people took the field, the people of Bury would not be far behind them. If ever the people were attacked by the bloody police, he would not ad vise them to forbear, but say to them, " Have at them lads." They must arm themselves, and assert their rights. Jackson next spoke, and proposed a resolution, to the effect that they should use every means, moral and physical, to obtain their rights. He approved of the conduct of those who resisted the police at Birmingham, and regretted that the people were prevented from taking vengeance with the rails of St. Thomas's Church, which could not, if they were consecrated property, he employed in a holier cause. If by no other means they could obtain their rights, he was the man who would be at his post with musket, bayonet, or pike. A person, named Taylor, then spoke. He read in the Bible that man was made free. The time was come when this state of things must pass away. The Bible said that a kingdom divided within itself could not stand. This country was divided. The rich oppressed the poor, and the government and the throne and the whole system must fall. The Bible said so. The government gave 20 millions for the black slaves, but woull not give 20 shillings for you. What were they to do ? (Cries of " Fight.") They must be free, however they accomplished it—even if they waded through streams of blood. They had never heard of a nation freeing itself without physical force. An opportunity would occur, and they must embrace. Re-examined.--On the 16th July I was at another meeting at Batty's Circus. I saw Mr. O'Brien there. The place was full. I believe a John Campbell was in the chair. Mr. O'Brien first addressed the meeting. He considered the time for lecturing and discussion was passed. The petition had been sent to the parliament by the convention, but it had been rejected. If the people were as much up to the mark as he was, they would not again petition a house so corrupt. He proposed that they should take univer sal suffrage, and elect their own representatives. He knew of a plan, but it was a secret, by which they would ac complish this, and beat both the whigs and tories. The ar gument of the speaker was, that this would supersede the present legislature. If he were elected one of them, he would be ready with a little bill, which when passed into a law, would put a good coat upon the back, and a good hat on the head of the working man. He should propose that the uncultivated lands in our colonies might be freely culti vated without paymert. He would not take any main estate without payment—except that of the Duke of Wellington, who got it for cutting peoples throats—making people die before their time. He then went on to propose a national holiday and cessation of labour, until the government had yielded to their wishes. It would be said how would the people live without work • but how did their enemies live who worked not at all. There were various ways. They might beg, borrow, or steal. He would not advis - e them to steal or to beg. To beg would be of no use, because they would get nothing, unless they did as the beggar in Gil Blas did, who, when soliciting alms, had his hat in one hand, and the finger of his other upon the lock of a loaded blonde:buss. They might, however, borrow. They should wipe off the 28 millions paid annually for interest on the national debt. He also pointed out other resources. The landlords and aristocracy had robbed the people of two millions of money, which they would have enjoyed if they had had the forma tion of their CVII institutions. Re -examined.—The chairman then asked if any one had any questions - to ask: A person named Carlile came forward and spoke. He had advised the people to arm themselves long ago. Universal suffrage was the main object. That would never be obtained without physical force. He added that universal suffrage could not, in the nature of things, co exist with a House of Lords. Mr. O'Brien said that he thought that the Lords were too feeble a body to claim any attention ; they could only do what the House of Commons allowed them to do. All they wanted was a House of Com mons chosen by themselves, and all that was required would follow. Re-examined. — ln places where my notes are imperfect. I have given a fair account of what took place. Cross-examined by Mr. WORTLEY.—The repo . rt I have read did not appear in the Manchester Guardian. A short account only was inserted. In the course of my business I attended these meetings, without any special directions. I took the reports partly for my improvement in short-hand, and partly because it was a rule with us to take full notes, whether they were afterwards written fully out or not. The Guardian, I believe, supports the present government. Some part of every meeting appeared in that paper, but not some part of every speech. In some measure, it is the practice for reporters to snake out their reports with a shade of the poli tics professed by the paper for which they report. W e g i ve what parts we think best suited to our readers. I gave such a report. I am turned 25. I have been a reporter about five years. I was an attorney's clerk before that, at Wake field, and went from thence to the Halifax Expriss. There were few meetings there to report. I am junior reporter of the Guardian. I have studied short-hand for nine years. (The witness's notes and written report were here required by counsel.) • Witness, by request, read a part of Butter worth's speech from his short-hand notes. The first meet ing was in Batty's Circus, a kind of theatre.. There was money received for admission. I never was friendly to socialism ; quite the reverse. (A small pamphlet was here put into the witness's hand.) 1 know that book. It was written by me when I was nineteen years old. I repudiate the sentiments it contains, and was persuaded to them by others. It does not contain social principles. I once entertained an opinion that marriage should not be a religious, but a civil ceremony. At a great meeting at Man chester on the cor n-laws, Mr. O'Connell called the land owners " robbers." Mr. Cobden has also spoken strongly, in such language as that stated. Cross-examined by Mr. Richardson.--I have attended most meetings in Manchester. I cannot swear that I saw you at more than one meeting at Manchester within the last ear. I have always thought that you counselled hothing at those meetings but what you believed to be constitutional and legal. I have heard you say in conversation that you wished to keep the people within the pale of the law. I knew you personally, and should have noticed anything wrong done by you at public ineetings. Ido not remember . seeing you at any other meeting but that of the 23d April. My report given to the Guardian, which occupies only about twenty lines, contains the strongest expressions you made use of at the meeting. The words purporting to be an ab stract of your speech appear to be similar in substance to the report I furnished. Cross-examined by Mr. B. O'Brien.—lf a reporter prac tises for twenty years, he may still be improved. I deny distinctly that Mr. Protheroe, of Halifax, complained to me of my reporting. I reported a speech of .a gentleman, in which I made a mistake of a word in place of " Knicker bocker." Mr. Harland is the senior reporter of the Guar dian. Both of us are employed at large meetings, but the meetings in question were not thought of sufficient impor tance. I have said that I dissent from socialism. I consi der socialists infidels, and lam the reverse. It is very likely that you are very unpopular with the parties called whigs. In reporting such meetings I inserted those passages only which 1 thought the most interesting. I never stated to a reporter that it was our practice to alter reports so as to suit our readers. Your arguments on property were, that no man had a right to the soil unless to cultivate its fruits, but that if it were improved in value the value of such improvement belonged to the people. You also said that the spontaneous fruits belonged to the people, and that all raised beyond it belonged to the cultivator. You said no one had a right to take any land without giving the full market price, or some thing like it. You divided the land into three classes of value :—first, the original value ; secondly, the additional value given . by improvements; and thirdly, the contingent and improvable value. You may have said that what God created belonged to all men alike ; but that what human skill created was the subject of private property. You admitted that compensation would be but just in all cases, except such as grants to the Duke of Wellington. (Here witness was re quired to read a passage from his report. in which the de fendant said that he had found the people of Leigh were arm ing themselves, but that you did not advise the people to do anything against.the law. Some one alluded to Lord John Russell's letters to lord-lieuthnants and magistrates, stating that the people should unite as volunteers, for the protection of life and property, and that he would supply them with arms at the public expense. You might have said this. (Mr. O'Brien here recited a long portion of his speech, referring to political events in Ancient Rome and Sparta.) The wit ness did not remember. I cannot swear that you said they could have no chance of success unless they rigidly adhered to the law and the constitution. At Halifax I was a reporter, and assisted in the shop. I was not a penny-a-liner. I had a regular salary. I don't remember seeing in the Guardian an article in which Mr. O'Connor and you were called "two prowling Irishmen." I was once present at the Common Council when an item was read of money paid to a reporter. Mr. Potter is Mayor of Manchester. I was not in some in-' stances reporting for half the time, because I did not think it necessary. By Mr. Sergeant ATCHERLEY.—The notes 1 took were fairly taken, so far as they went. I saw a reporter named Templeton at the meeting on the 23d April. There were from eight to twelve persons on the platform, and several reporters. By Mr. O'BRIEN.—What you said of the House of Lords was, that if the people had their own House of Commons, the lords would not last a week. Joshua Stringfellow Howell.—l am clerk to the commis sioners of police at Chorlton-upon-Medlock. I attended a meeting in Boardman-square. There were between 800 and 900 present. I saw Butterworth there. A man named Davis was chairman. 1 took no notes then, but afterwards. — David Roberts made the first motion—" That this meeting view with disgust the base, abominable, and blood-thirsty means used to stop their meetings. Sympathising with the people of Birmingham we pledge ourselves, should rioters intrrupt us, we will oppose force to force." Roberts said that while all England was quiet, Birmingham, patriotic Bir mingham, had burst into flames. He could ; tell them that an order had been sent for 300 pikes, and that they would be sent on the following day ; that out of 70 policemen in a house that was burning only eight had escaped. Butterworth said they were determined to show that they were the wealth of the country. Lord John knew they were the wealth of the countay or he would not have sent down spies amongst them to see what they thought of him. He would advise them to arm. They should get each a gull with a bayonet, or a brace of pistols and a pike. Government thought they were safe with a rocket brigade ; but a bit of tow dipped in pitch, was as good as any of them. The people hail got a holyday to see the Duke of Wellington open the railway. Would thy do so now ? No : They would terminate the existence of one of the most blood-thirsty villains in the kingdom. Cross-examined by Mr. WORTLEY.—I am clerk tor' the commissioners. I wrote the facts down, but I remember what I have stated without the notes. Butterworth said they should get a gun with a bayonet at the end of it, and a pike or a brace of pistols "to protect themselves." I forgot the latter words before. I picked out the passages I thought most treasonable. There were women and children at the meeting. These was no alarm there I know of. That was one of the greatest meetings I ever saw. Cross-examined by Mr. RICEARDSON.—I cannot remem ber to have seen you at the meeting. Joseph Saunders, a witness, was called but did not appear. Mr. WORTLEY addressed the jury for the two defendants, Jackson and Butterworth, in a strain of much eloquence ; but regret that the lateness of the hour on the eveof our pub licatiion precludes us from giving even an outline of his i speech. Mr. J. B. O'Brien said, if he were here to defend his own liberty, he should have left his defence to some gentleman of the bar ; but lie had to defend his own character, which had been attacked by almost all the newspapers. He had not proposed or called any of the meetings, but attended them by accident : he did not know that a shot was fired at one of them, giving it an illegal complexion; until yesterday. He was not aware that any of these meetings were illegal, their object being merely to forward petitions and representations to the parliament. As to the speeches, those attributed to me, are no more like mine than the grinning skeleton to the living form. He had written much, but had not been pro secuted, becan'se that it was found that such a step would have been abortive. He had always consulted obedience to the law, not that he respected it, for he did not; but for the sake of the people, he had been tried three times for sedition. At Newcastle, he had attended a meeting, his speech at which was garbled and misrepresented by the reporters, and he was accused of urging the people to illegal and seditious practices, when what he said had a directly opposite tendency. In fact, it was he ho moderated the meeting and prevented it, by hdvising an obedience to the law, until a demonstra tion of the public mind in favour of a change should become so general, that there would be no illegality in seeking re dress of grievances, or amendments of the laws. He had never counselled spoliation of property, though almost all the leading parties had at one time or another maintained opinions involving spoliation. Even Sir James Graham had proposed a reduction of the interest of the national debt, thus robbing the fundholder of one-seventh of his property. He (Mr. O'Brien) had also opposed the abolition of the corn-laws, unless it were accompanied by other measures ; because, by so doing, thousands would be ruined, while the national creditors and others would have their incomes dou bled. He had also opposed a petition because it held a threat over the heads of the government, if they did not grant its prayer. At Birmingham he also opposed the introduction of arms into public meetings. Had his advice, indeed, been taken, none of the tumults and' disturbances which had re cently occurred, and which had greatly injured their cause, would have arisen. He had also opposed meetings being held in the Bull-ring at Birmingham, because the mayor had forbidden it, and many shopkeepers and others were greatly incommoded by their being held there. He succeeded. One, of the ulterior measures was to discontinue the payment of rents, rates, taxes, &c. ; and this he opposed. He got that resolution rescinded. He defied his enemies to prove that on any occasion lie had advised any contravention of the law. Sir Robert Peel had stated it broadly, that if the majority went on, the minority ought to rise up and put them down ; and he (the right hon. bart.) quoted a passage from Sir Walter Scott, showing that the aristocracy ought to rise to a man, as in former days, and man every hill and glen, and fortress to put them down. Here was a pink of the aristocracy advising a rebellious rising of the minority to put down the majority, though the former had no just ground of saying they were oppressed, inasmuch as they were amenable only to the same laws with which the majority were ruled. He contended that the people had a right to meet peaceably and discuss their grievances and wants, a right not to be oppressively arrested, a right to habeas corpus, and above all, a right to the trial by jury. Pool men were not now tried by their equals. They were not tried by people of their own class. The statute law had done away with many of the constitutional privileges and rights which they enjoyed under the ancient common law. He also urged the right of the subject to be armed in self defence. The Sun newspaper said, why not allow the people to have arms, seeing that the serfs of the landowners are armed. They had fowling pieces given them, and they were enrolled in the yeomanry. He had read an extract from a letter, written by a clergyman of the Church of England, and addressed to his bishop, in which he states that the es states of the Duke of Bedford, which had belonged to Ca tholics, were positively stolen by the Russell's. He con tended that the reporter of the Manchester Guardian was not a disinterested witness. He had his employers to please, and if he were sincere in his politics, he would be the more likely to misrepresent him and to garble his speech. He then said, that as high and dignified authorities had, as it had been shown, used violent language, surely great allowances ought to be made fo r the poor chartists in the expression of their opinions and grievances. If the chartist found language fa: more seditious and rebellious from those who called them selves their superiors, and find it pass unnoticed, surely lie may be excused for a warmth of language, which, if illegal, was not known to be so by him. He (Mr. O'Brien) had ever advocated the cause of virtue and humanity, and had ever upheld a respect for the law. He had opposed a system of proceedings recommended by Dr. Taylor, because he con ceived it would lead to a contravention of the law. Organi zation, private or public, had also been proposed ; but he had stated that he would have nothing to do with it. AU he wished was, at public meetings, to obtain the sense of the people, and to act accordingly. He here read an extract from a speech of Lord John Russell at Liverpool, asserting the right to meet in public, so that, if they had grievances, they might be known and redressed, and, adding that, if they had no grievances, such meetings would die away of them- Aelves, He could state that there was recently a strong dis position to form numerous secret societies. This he strenu ously opposed on many grounds as impolitic and dangerous. Secrecy argued guilt ; and the cause of liberty had never gained anything by secrecy. He had approved of nothing but a demonstration in open day. He read a long article from No. 2 of the Northern Star, setting forth these opinions. He had always advocated peaceable proceedings, and had deprecated physical force, except in so far as it was justified and upheld by Blackstone and other celebrated writers. There were abundance of reasons for the disaffection of the people, witirout reference to him. The magistrates had required excessive bail from the men who had been arrested. Even his own case, several respectable men had refused to be bail for him, on the ground that they would become marked inert by the government and be seriously injured in their business— the bail required seven years ago from a reverend bishop for a capital and a most odious and revolting offence. The great provocation, however, was given at Birmingham. He here read an account of the assault made by the military and police upon the people assembled in the Bull Ring, while peaceably listening to a poor man reading a newspaper. Even women and children were indiscriminately struck and some wounded. Many innocent persons were beaten and put in gaol. The reading the catalogue of aggressions by the police in particular occupied some time. The outrages were com mitted by an exasperated body of armed London police. The language uttered by the chartists, and even by himself was, he admitted, wrong ; but the excitement and ferment of the public mind was very great. No man had a right to use stronger language of the government than he, for he was ruined by them. He had wished to start a newspaper, and four months elapsed before he could get sureties. Eighteen out of twenty-two individuals refused, saying —The govern ment is determined to crush you. They will be glad if you write a libel, and will pounce upon you, and come upon us too. Finally, they refused to receive three out of the four as sureties. The police officers in several towns even tore my bills from the walls. The bills announcing my lectures were even torn down before my face, and when he asked them why they did so, the only reply was, " It is our orders." A verdict might be got against him, but that would be a mean triumph. It would be a triumph over a man of half-broken constitution, and be regretted to say, of broken fortune. But it would be no triumph over the cause which he es poused. That would flourish when they were, dead and rot ten, and when their - memory stunk in the hostrils of the people, even as their recreant bodies. He then noticed the principal causes of the discontent—the appropriation by the rich from the poor of what they never earned, The weavers of Carlisle had now to work 80 hours to weave a piece, and received only ss. 2d. for it, out of which Is. 10d. had to be deducted for winding, &c. The forefathers of these weavers received a much larger amount ; and how was the weaver now so much borne down ? He was robbed by the fund holders and others of fixed incomes. The labourer was the sufferer, and was naturally dissatisfied. Machinery had also a similar effect. In Leeds cloth was now to be made with out either spinning or weaving, and thousands would be thrown out of employment without redress. Machinery, in place of aiding the poor man, was an antagonist to him. The landlord's property too - was rapidly, from the system pur sued, on the increase in value, and he knew of a piece of land that had not been worth £45, for which £4lO was now asked. The increase was crushed out of the poor labourer. The country was now in a dreadful state, for the people could not be kept quiet by the constitutional conservators of the peace, the constabulary ; but the military, a force altogether uncon stitutional, must be employed. 'He and those who acted with him, wanted no change but what could be brought about by the force of public opinion, expressed generally throughout the country. They wanted nothing arising out of physical force; for in that case, as there were bad men amongst the chartists as amongst other classes, the brigand portion, if a revolution arose, would aspire to power, and this would be but a change of tyrants. A primary object he intended should be to give a guarantee for the per fect security of property of every kind ; and that nothing should be taken without perfect remuneration. He noticed the antagonist feelings of the labourers and their employers; the latter interested in reducing the price of wages, the for mer in increasing them. He denied in toto the report pro duced. It was no more like his speech than a plucked pigeon to the same bird in full feather. He cared not for the result of this trial on account of any imprisonment that might result. The government could crush out of goal as well as within it. But he should not like to be denounced as a conspirator. A conspirator was a fellow who whispered to another in the dark, aware that he was going to do a guilty thing. His actions and his words were open and above board. He repeated that he cared not for imprisonment, but he did care for his character; and he hoped the jury would rescue him from the degradation which it was at tempted to fix upon it by this indictment. Should they not, he should hope that the country would do justice to his motives, and give the verdict in his behalf. Mr. RICHARDSON then addressed the jury at some length. —He contended that he could not be a conspirator, as he was in London when the meeting was determined upon, and as it was not called with his consent. He knew nothing of it until his return home, when hearing that he had been in vited to it, he attended it. He did not, however, utter the language ascribed to him. Ile might have spoken strongly, and this might be called sedition, for as Aristotle says any thing may be called sedition. To complainof grievances might be called sedition. Large portions of his speech sere perverted and others totally omitted. He would not, as they must be fatigued, detain them long. After a few general remarks on , the case, he stated that such prosecutions weakened the go vernment, and created great discontent amongst the peope. He asked nothing but even and impartial justice ; and con cluded by expressing regret that he should be dragged from his domestic circle, rua•ly twelve months after the meeting had taken place, and when all the asperity of political feel ing had died away. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL then addressed the jury for the prosecution. He agreed with the last defendant. Let the accused parties have impartial justice. He noticed the ques tion of the possession of arms. The law allowed arms for the protection of life or property ; but it did not allow the collection of them for the purpose of overturning the laws, and the peace and security of the country. The doctrine of Sir W. Jones was not as stated, that arms might be used to subvert the constitution, but merely. if the king subverted the constitution, to protect it. He did not deny the right to meet in public and petition parliament; but he denied the right to rouse the masses for the purpose of compelling the government to adopt new and dangerous measures. Was it possible to suppose that peaceable meetings were contem plated, when guns, pikes, &c. were to he got, and simultane ous meetings to be held, so as to create confusion, and neu tralise the efforts of the military or the constabulary to put down,the disorder. The learned gentleman then commented on the stronger points of the evidence. True there was un fortunately some distress, and there were two ways of treat- ing it. Oise was to exert their talents and their means to re lieve it. The other was to take advantage of it, to speak to them of their numerical strength, and to goad them on to tumult and rebellinn. The case appeared to him so clearly made ont against the defendants, that he should leave it in the hands of the jury. The learned JUDGE then proceeded to sum up the evidence with great care, commenting upon it as he proceeded. They would simply have to consider the charges made, and next, what part the defendants took in it. They should dismiss from their minds all consideration of the parties being chartists, or any thing else. Conspiracy consists in joining together in one common illegal object. The words of the parties must be weighed, and if the resolutions were agreed to, and had illegal objects, the conspiracy would he made out, In addition to the charge of conspiracy, there is one of at tending an illegal assembly. The people had a right to meet to discuss their grievances, real or imaginary, and to discuss the conduct of the government or the ministers. It was for them to say, whether the language was such as went beyond the bounds of free discussion, and tended to excite tumult and disorder. He explained the cases 'in which it was allowed by the law for men to Le armed. In this case arms were to be taken to bring about a forcible change in the in stitutions of the country. and this was certainly ilegal. He then adverted to the principal parts of the evidence. The first resolution went merely to express confidence in the con vention. The other resolutions, " That this meeting pledges themselves to support the people's charter, peaceably if they can, forcibly if we must." This he considered was a de termination to obtain an object by force, and was clearly illegal. (Here his lordship read the violent language used by the defendants. Butterworth said, they were tired of pe titioning and moral means, and unless they, (the govern ment) grant the people what they want, there was nothing for it but the bullet and the steel. Richardson said ' the savings-banks were merely established for the pur pose of getting the people's money, and thus to enable the rich to tyrannise over the poor. Mr. O'Brien stated that every man in his neighbourhood had signed the petition,— that every man was prepared with a pointed argument,—and to every signature was a pike. He stated that the petition would be rejected, and then were to come the ulterior mea sures—that the petition was a notice to quit to the House of Commons, &c. Finally, he remarked, that if they did not obtain what they asked for, " death would be the order of the day." After noticing other passages relative to the muskets, pikes, &c., his lordship said that the meetings were peaceable, and no disrespectful language was used of her Majesty. (When his lordship noticed the general holi day, Mr. O'Brien said that he stopped the holiday himself.) His lordship dwelt at some length on the remaining portions of the evidence. The jury, after a few moments' deliberation, found all.the defendants Guilty. Application was made by the prosecutor that the parties might be committed. They were, however, finally released for the night on sureties until to-morrow (this) morning, when sentence will be passed upon them. NISI PRIUS COURT.-MONDAY. CLAIM FOR DEMURRAGE.-ADAMSON V. MITCHELL AND OTHERS. This was an action on a charter party, under which the plaintiff, Mr. Thomas Adamson, sought to recover from the defendants, Mr. John Mitchell and Mr. Edward Cayley, the sum of £Bl. as demurrage. A special jury case. Mr. Cresswell and Mr. Curling, for the plaintiff; Mr. Alexander and Mr. Wightman for the defence. Mr. CURL/NG having opened the pleadings, Mr. CRESSWELL proceeded to state the case. He said that the action was brought by Mr. Adamson, the plaintiff, who was the owner of a vessel named the William and James, of Dundee, to recover from the defendants the sum of £Bl. for demurrage, which the plaintiff alleged to have become due under a charter party, to which he would in a few mi nutes draw the attention of the jury. The vessel named being at Cronstadt in the autumn of 1838, the captain was desirous of obtaining a charter to this country if he could. The de fendants, Messrs. Mitchell, Cayley .& Co., were merchants, carrying on business in London and St. Petersburgh, at the latter place by means of agents. These agents entered into an agreement with Capt. Kathro, of the William and James, the terms of which would be found in the charter party which he should now read. [Mr. Cresswell read the charter party, which set forth that the ship should with all convenient speed be loaded with a cargo of flax at Cronstadt, and should thence proceed to the eastern coast of England, somewhere between Hull and Aberdeen inclusive, and so near thereto as she could get, and there discharge her cargo ; thirty run ning days to be allowed for loading and unloading, and in case of any detention beyond that period, the charterers to pay demurrage.] In accordance with this agreement, the William and James began to take on board her cargo on the Bth, and completed her loading on the 28th, so that eighteen days had been exhausted in getting the cargo on board. This done, the captain applied to the agent for instructions as to whither he was to sail. The answer was, that he (the agent) could not tell, but that probably the captain would find it out at Elsinore. Ttiis, he (Mr. Cresswell) understood, was not an uncommon way of arranging matters, in order to keep the destination as secret as possible, until she had passed the sound. He imagined, however, that a charter party of the kind read was uncommon, because it only mentioned that the captain was to proceed to some port on the east side of England, between Hull and Aberdeen inclusive, but without mentioning any intermediate place. A day or two after the vessel sailed she was run down, and obliged to put back, for repairs, to Cronstadt, where she was detained two or three weeks. It was not necessary, however, to unload the cargo, in order to repair the vessel. During that time the captain made several applications to the agent for directions as to the course he was to take. He received the same answer as before, that he would no doubt receive orders at Elsinore. No directions were, however, given to him to apply to any particular person, but it was indorsed on the charter party that Messrs. Fenwick would pay the Sound duties, and the captain therefore thought that they were to give him his in structions. On arriving at Elsinore he made application to them ; they paid the Sound duties, but gave him no informa tion as to where be was to go. Under these circumstances, the captain, forming the best judgment he could, thought it best to proceed to the first port named in the charter party. He arrived at Hull on the 26th of November ; on the 27th the vessel was reported to the Custom-house, and entered into the Junction Dock. No person came to claim the cargo, and Mr. Campbell, the ship-agent, put up the usual notice, that an owner was wanted. No owner appeared. The broker, under these circumstances, thought it better that the vessel should wait a day or two, before unloading the cargo, to see whether any owner would come forward. On the 3d of December Capt. Kathro was served with a notice, signed by Mr. Wm. Beadle, as the agent of Messrs. Mitchell and Co., intimating to him that his port of destination was Kirkaldy. Some considerable expence had been incurred at Hull, in port dues, dock dues, pilotage, &c., and the captain concluded that, having come to one port on the east coast, he could not be required to go to another. He (the learned counsel) should think that, under such a charter party, the charterers could not send a vessel from' one port to another, on the east coast of England, as they thought fit. So the captain answered, " So, I did what I thought the best, in coming here, and 1 cannot now go any where else." He had manifestly no interest in going to. Hull, because the vessel belonged to Dundee, and if the captain had gone to a northern port—Kirkaldy—he would have been more likely to get home sooner, than by going to Hull. On the Ist of December, Mr. Campbell had writ ten to the London house, informing them of the arrival of the William and James at Hull, and stating that he had in the preceding week received a letter from the owner, which said that the destination of the vessel was Kirkaldy, and that, if she were to go there, a fresh agreement must be made. Now, it might be quite true that s h e w as t o have g one to Kirkaldy, and information to that effect might have been given to the owner, but the captain had no means of knowing that, nor had he ever received any such order. Mr. Camp bell obtained an answer to his letter on the 3d of December, in which the Messrs. Mitchell gave notice that they should hold the captain, ship, and owner liable for all damage, by not proceeding to the port mentioned by them —say Kirkaldy, and directing their agent, if th e vessel did not Inoceed thither, to act accordingly. The letter concluded thus --" And we hay hp,- an undoubted right to send her from such port as we think fit to call at first." This was the main point in the case. The jury would have to say whether Messrs. Mitchell and Co. were justified in sending the vessel from Hull, or whe ther the captain was justified in going to that port, and could not be obliged to proceed thence to another, unless a fresh agreement was entered into. On the 10th of December, when the running days allowed for discharge had expired, notice was served upon Mr. Beadle that the vessel was upon demurrage. £5O was then offered to the captain to go to Kirkaldy ; but that was refused, as insufficient, taking into consideration the expenses already incurred by the owner at Hull. In this awkward state of things, one party refusing to come forward with a bill of lading, and the other refusing to go any where else, the owner, on the 26th, thought it bet ter to discharge the cargo. Notice having been given, that was done; and the owner also gave notice that he had a lien on the cargo for freight and demurrage.- There had elapsed 27 days over the thirty running days allowed, and it was for those which the plaintiff sought compensation. Eight days after the landing Beadle came forward with the bill of lading ; but, as the demurrage had not been paid, the captain refused to deliver his cargo up. An action in trover was brought, of course, against the owner of the warehouse in which the goods had been deposited. It was tried before Baron Al derson, and decided that the cargo should be delivered up on payment of the freight ; that an action should he brought for the demurrage ; and that, for the purposes of the action, Messrs. Mitchell, Cayley, and Co. of London, should allow that they were the Messrs. Mitchell, Cayley, arid Co., of St. Petersburg. Mr. Creswell then proceeded to notice the pleas which the defendants had put on the record, the second of which, and the most important, was that they had given notice to Mr. Adamson, the owner, that the captain was to go to the Tay. The captain, however, had not received such information from his owner. If an order had been given to the captain to go to the Tay, there would be an end of the action • but it would be proved by the captain that he had not received the order. George Cathro examined by Mr. CURLING.—Was for merly captain of the William and James of Dundee. Got a charter-party signed by Mr. Atkinson, the agent at St. Petersburgh. Mr. ALEXANDER said Mr. Atkinson must be called be fore the charter-party could be produced. The learned JUDGE concurred. Mr. Thomas 011iver, attorney for the defendant, was then called, and he said he knew Mr. Thomas Atkinson, the wit ness to the charter-party, and that he had seen him three weeks ago yesterday. Cross-examined by Mr. CRESSWELL.—It was Thomas Atkinson of St. Petersburgh that I saw, the witness to the charter-party. I have given no notice of his arrival in Eng land. I obtained an order to examine him by name at St. Petersburgh. It was in February that I first knew that he was in England. ___ The Jul . :lGa.—Were the costs of these proceedings re served by Mr. Baron Alderson ? Mr. CRESSWELL.-I believe so, my lord. Re-examined by Mr. ALEXANDER.—It was in August or September last that we obtained the order to examine Mr. Atkinson. Mr. CILESSWELL said, under the circumstances he must submit to a nonsuit, but he hoped a full report of the trans action would appear in the papers. Mr. Atkinson was then called three times, but he did not appear. The plaintiff was accordingly nonsuited. MALONE V. SPEED. This was an action to recover damages for an assault. Mr. Cresswell and Mr. Murphy appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Alexander for the defendant. From the statement of counsel and the evidence of wit nesses, it appeared that the plaintiff and defendant are cattle salesmen in this town, and that both carry on business in the cattle market, near the Old Swan. There had been some misunderstanding between Mr. Plunkett, the plaintiff's part ner, and the defendant, in consequence of the allotment of a pen in the market to Mr. Plunkett. On the 21st October, the plaintiff was in the cattle market talking to a person with whom he was dealing, when the defendant came up and asked if those cattle were for sale. Mr. Malone not choosing to have any communication with Mr. Speed until the ex isting differences had been removed, replied that they were sold. Shortly afterwards the defendant came up again, and after charging the plaintiff with having thrown a reflection upon his character and credit by refusing to sell him the cat tle, made the threats complained of. He used also a great deal of bad language, but it did not appear that blows were struck. After the case had proceeded for some time, on the suggestion of the learned JUDGE, the juror was withdrawn. Each party will therefore have to pay their own costs. WILKINSON V. GABON This was an action to recover £125 19s. Gd., for work and labour done, and for the hire of a flat which had been used in raising another flat called the Sarah, which sunk during the great storm in Jan. 1839, between Dawpfiol and Hilbre Island. Mr. CRESSWELL and Mr. WATSON conducted the plaintiff's case, and Mr. ALEXANDER and Mr. CROiIPTON appeared for the defendant. The trial lasted upwards of seven hours, but the case was not of the slightest interest, except to the parties immediately concerned. The jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, damages £102.95. The Court adjourned at half-past seven. Mr. Dundas has been returned member for Sutherland shire, without opposition. The late Miss Jowett of Bradford, has left two legacies of £l,OOO each, to the Infirmary and the Public Rooms at Bradford. • We understand that the Rev. Dr. Wolff has been appointed Vice President of the African Institution of Paris, of which many of the most eminent men in France are members. IlmtirrANcus BY Posr.—The poor-law commissioners request the guardians to make known to the servants or la bourers in their employment, and to the members of friendly societies of which they may be patrons, and to the contribu tors to savings' banks of which they may be trustees, the facilities now afforded for the transmission of small amounts of money as deposits, subscriptions, or otherwise. By the new regulations of the lords commissioners of her Majesty's treasury, parties may send in a small sheet of note paper, coin of the following amounts : In silver, 2s. or 4 oz. for 1 penny. „ 4s. 6d. „ 1 „ 2 pence. Os. 6d. „ 2 „ 4 pence . In gold, J sovereign l / Ils. or -, oz. for 1 penny. and Is. in silver. I „ 1 sovereigns, 30s. oz. 1 penny. „ 3 sovereigns I oz. 2 pence. „ 6k sovereizns 2 oz. 4 pence. A £5 note, or Bank of England note of any amount might be added to the above sums, or to a sum less in each case, the smallest coin, as 4d. The commissioners are informed that where it is necessary for the labouring classes to trans mit pence or odd amounts of money for which there is no silver coinage, such as Id. 2d. 3d. when the postage stamps are prepared, it will be a convenient arrangement available to the public to transmit stamps instead of coin.—Poor Law Commissioners' Official Circular. MALIBRAN'S CURE FOR A COLD.—O R one occasion, after having dined at three o'clock (as she usually did when she had to perform), De Beriot was sitting at table with several friends, waiting till she was ready to proceed to the theatre, when, about six o'clock, she entered the room with an air of disappointment. " What ails you, Maria?" in quired her husband. " I have got a dreadful sore throat," she replied, " and am so hoarse I can't sing a note." " Never mind—think nothing of it. Be calm ; agitation will only make it worse." " No, 1 must try some remedy. Ah ! I see something that will do me good ;" and before De Beriot had time to arrest her arm, she had seized the mus tard-pot, and swallowed the whole of its contents.—Memoirs of Malibran. THE FORCE, or HABIT. — The late Sir W—r S—g, as he hurried along the streets of London, had contracted a habit, whenever he met any of his numerous acquaintance, of saluting them with a passing bow, a touch of the hat, and the words—" Sir, I wish you a very good morning."' As high-sheriff of a county, it once became his duty to attend the execution of a criminal, when, having seen all the preli minary arrangements were complete, and that his services were no longer needed, he bowed and touched his hat to the culprit, whose cap was already over his face, and took leave of him with his habitual—" Sir, I wish you a very good morning." AN HONEST ArrortNEY.—An attorney, on the marriage of his son, gave him £5OO, and handed bim over a chancery suit, with some common-law actions. About two years af terwards. the son asked his father for more business. " Why, I gave you that capital chancery suit," replied the father; " and, since then, you have got a great many new clients. What more can you want?"—" Yes, sir," replied the son ; " but I have wound up the chancery suit, and given my client great satisfaction, and he is in possession of the estate."— What ! you improvident fool," rejoined the father indig nantly, " that suit was in my family for twenty-five years, and would have continued so as much longer, if I had kept it. I shall not encourage such a fellow." The sequel of the story is, that the father died a few years afterwards in com parative poverty, while the son continued to conduct his bu siness honourably and uprightly for fifteen years, and has now retired on an estate which he purchased, and where he re sides, respected by all who know him.—Law and Lawyers. LIFE SAVED BY LAUGHTER.-" The health of Erasmus," sayi Mr. Charles Butler, " was always very delicate, and he now began to feel the infirmities of old age. He was afflicted by an imposthume, and the worst was feared, when he was cured of it in an extraordinary manner. * * * * The perusal of the celebrated Literte Obscurorum Virorum' threw him into a fit of immoderate laughter ; the imposthume hurst,land the laugher was cured." A like tale is told of Dr. Patrick Scougal, a Scottish bishop, in the seventeenth century. An old woman earnestly besought him to visit her sick cow ; the prelate, after many remonstrances, reluctantly consented, and, walking round the beast, said gravely, " If she live, she live ; and if she die, she die ; and I can do nae mair for her." Not long afterwards, he was dangerously afflicted with a quinsy in the throat : the old woman, having got access to his chamber, walked round his bed, repeating the charm which she believed had cured her cow : whereat the bishop was seized with a fit of laughter, which broke the quinsy. and saved his life. An old English dramatist alludes to a third instance:— " I am come to tell you Your brother hath intended you some sport : A great physician, when the pope was sicke Of a deep melancholly, presented him, With several sorts of mad-men, which wild object (Being full of change and sport) forc'd him to laugh, And so th' impost-hume broke : the self-same cure The duke intends on you." —Delieice Literarice ; a New Volume of Table Talk. GREEN-ROOM READING: TELE NEW PLAY.—After sug gestions have been made, alterations either conceded to or resisted, the cast is settled, and a day for the reading ap pointed. The parts are written out, each performer having merely the words of his own character, with the few last words of the speech he is to reply to. It is not now the fa shion to put up the cast until it is ascertained that the per formers will accept the parts. The call is, therefore, fre quently, " Everybody to the reading of a new piece ;" or the names of the person expected to play in it are put up, with out any indication of their character assigned them. Au thors sometimes read their own pieces; sometimes the stage manager reads for him. Mr. Macready very frequently read himself. Authors reading their own pieces are generally acting authors, as Serle, Peake, Buckstone, Knowles, Mon crieff, &c. Elliston was reckoned the best reader in either theatre : his mantle has fallen on Frederick Yates. During the reading of a piece, it is not unusual to see the performers display their dislike—nay, their disgust —at the characters they presume they may be called on to enact. This they do without the least regard to the feelings of the author, even though he be present, as he almost invariably is. This ap pears a serious charge against the children of Thespis ; but we have no hesitation in saying, that where performers have, or think they have, their individual interests (Anglia vani ties) at all affected, they are the worst bred people upon earth. To this there are, and always have been, exceptions ; but for the truth of the assertion, we appeal to the general body of dramatic writers, if they are disposad to speak out. At the reading, scene-painter, tail or , d r e ss - ma k er, &c., should be present, and generally are.—Polytechnic Journal. GOOD AND BAD NEWS.—Bad news weakens the action of the heart, oppresses the lungs, destroys the appetite, stops digestion, and partially suspends all the functions of the system. An emotion of shame flushes the face; fear blanches ; joy illuminates it ; and an instant thrill electrifies a million of nerves. Surprise spurs the pulse into a gallop. Dilirium infuses great energy. Volition commands, and hundreds of muscles spring to execute. Powerful emotion often kills the body at a stroke. Chilo, Diagoras, Sophocles, died of joy at the Grecian games. The news of a defeat killed Philip V. )ne of the Popes died of an emotion of the ludicrous on seeing his pet monkey robed in pontificials, and occupying the chair of state. Muley Moloc was carried upon the field of battle in the last stages of an incurable disease; upon seeing his army give way, he rallied his panic stricken troops, rolled back the tide of battle, shouted vic tory, and died. The door -keeper of Congress of expired _li on hearing of the surrender of Cornwallis. Eminent public speakers have often died in the midst an impassioned burst of eloquence, or when the deep emotion that produced it had suddenly subsided. Lagrave, the young Parisian, died when h e h e edthat thtoe another. musical prize for asfoorwohoiefhHhi, in he had competed_ was adjudged New York, is fresh in the memory of all. He was appre hended for theft, taken before the police, and, though in per fect health, mental agony forced the blood from his nostrils, and be was carried out and died.—Harrison Flather. THEATRE-ROYAL, LIVERPOOL. Last Night but Three of the Engagement of Miss ELLEN TREE, of the Theatre-Royal, Covent-garden. The New Play of LOVE will he repeated; for the last time, TO-MORROW EVVNING, (Wednesday.) THIS present TUESDAY EVENING, the 7th instant, will be performed Shakspeare's Comedy of AS YOU LIKE IT. Jacques Mr. Stuart. I Amiens • Mr. Barker. Orlando .... Mr. W. Howard. Celia Miss Cleaver. Touchstone Mr. Baker. , Audrey Mrs. Clarke. Rosalind.... Miss Ellen Tree, in which character she will sing the Cuckoo Song and speak the Original Epilogue. To conclude with a new Drama, called THE RANSOM; AN ANECDOTE OF MOTESQUIEU. Mr. Durvalle The President Montesquieu Edward Mr. W. H. Bland. Estelle Pauline as originally performed by her in London. TO-MORROW, for the last time, the new Play of LOVE. Countess Eppenstein, Miss Ellen Tree.—With the Farce of PERFECTION. Kate O'Brien, Miss Ellen Tree, On THURSDAY, the SCHOOL FOR SCANDAL . Lady Teazle, Miss Ellen Tree.—After which, the YOUTH FUL QUEEN. Christine, Miss Ellen Tree. On FRIDAY, Miss ELLEN TREE'S BENEFIT, and her last appearance. LIVER THEATRE, CHURCH-STREET, LAST WEEK OF THE SEASON. FOR THE BENEFIT OF MR. RAYMOND, On which occasion he will appear in three different Dramas, for the first time this season, rrO-MORROW EVENING, the Bth instant, th e rev i ve d X Romantic Legendary Drama of BURY O'MORE. Founded upon the popular Novel of that name by S. Lover, Esq. Rory O'More, Mr. Raymond; Kathleen, Mrs. Barton. A variety of Dancing and Singing, by Mrs. Thomassin and Lidia, and Maddle Chevalier. A new Dramatic Caricature entitled r 4, ---HB Betty Nangle, Mrs. Raymond ; Bonus, Mr. Tilbury. Dancing by Maddle To which will be. added a laughable Burletta in one act, called MYSTIFICATION. O'Blarney, Mr. Raymond; Thoughtless, Mr. Higgie. Mr. Mungall will Dance his popular Lancashire Hornpipe in elogs. To conclude with the highly successful Drama, not acted here these three yea's, entitled THE MAYOR OF FLANDERS. M'Mahon, Mr. Raymcnd; EWelle,ll/7sTliaiMOnd; Potts, Mr. C. F. Marshall; Jeanette, Mrs. Barton. Tickets and places to be had of Mr. BREZE, from 11 till 3. Private Boxes to contain seven, price LI Is. LIVER THEATRE, CHURCH-STREET. LAST NIGHT BUT ONE OF THE SEASOAr. 1/ER. F. GARDNER begs to announce to his Friends —VA and the Public of Liverpool, that his BENEFIT is appointed to take place on FRIDAY next, the 10th instant, being the Last Night of the Season, on which occasion he respectfully solicits their patronage and support. Mr. J. L. HATTON has kindly consented to appear in Two Pieces. The Performance will commence with (first time at this Theatre) a Drama, founded on fact, entitled PEDLARS': ACRE ; OZ, THE WIFE OF SEVEN HUSBANDS. Long-fingered Jack (a youth that is not particular as to ap propriating oth, , i persons' property), Mr. J. L. Hatton, in which he will sing " Jolly Nose." Martyn Lessamour (the seventh husband to Margaret), Mr. Barton. Robert Laidlaw (the Pedlar of - Lambeth), Mr. P. Gardner. Margaret Lessamour (the wife of seven husbands), • Miss Baldie. . Cyprian Gossamer (page to Alartyn Lessamour, with a song), Mrs. Barton. After which, first time, a laughable Dramatic Caricature, as performed with great success at the Adelphi Theatre, en- titled H B H B Captain Funnel!.. (a reg'lar gruff un).... Mr. J. L. Hatton. Betty Nangle.. (a nice young lady).... Mrs. Raymond. To conclude with, first time this season, NICHOLAS Srnike (an orphan) Mrs. Barton. Squeers.. Mr. Tilbury. Newman Noggs.. Mr. C. F. Marshall. Mantilini (a man-milliner) Mr. Higgie. In the course of the evening, a variety of Singing & Dancing. For particulars, see bills of the day. Tickets may be had of Mr. N.VEts, Music-seller, Church street ; Messrs. Hunt and SON, Chin:eh-street and Bold street; and of Mr. BaEZE, at the Theatre, from Eleven to Three daily, where places may bisecureLL TO CORRESPONDENTS. Owing to the crowded state of our columns we are reluctantly compelled to omit our usual comments on political affairs. We have the same excuse to plead for the omission of the favours of several correspondents. We hope to be able to bring up arrears as soon as the assizes are over. - 7/therpoot ',;-2.,tanbarb. TUESDAY MORNING, APRIL 7, 1340 In the Times of yesterday, we find the following important intelligence from the East Indies and China : " Despatches from Bombay to the 29th of February reached town last night. They state that all was per fectly tranquil in our Indian possessions. The warlike preparations against China were, however, still pro ceeding with considerable activity. "Letters from Calcutta of the 17th of February mention that the troop-ships taken up for the occasion were fast collecting in that harbour. It was the de termination of the Governor-General at first to make an appeal to volunteers from the army, but he subse quently abandoned that intention, and resolved on employing entire regiments for the expedition. The force about to be embarked at Calcutta was computed at 10,000. It was however, still believed that the armament had more for its object to overawe the Chinese Government than to carry on actual hostilities against it, and that its destination was the island of Formosa, of which possession would be kept until the Emperor should consent to pay an indemnity equivalent to the British property destroyed by his order. "The intelligence from Canton brought by this conveyance comes down to the 4th of January. No acts of hostility had recently taken place between the British and . Chinese , but all commercial intercour se between them still remained suspended. Captain Elliot had made conciliatory propositions to Commis sioner Lin, requesting him to allow commercial relations to be re-established on their former footing, but the latter peremptorily refused to accede to these propo sitions, declaring that " the order he had received from the Emperor formally enjoined him to permit no inter course with the British, or admit any of their goods into the country." Commissioner Lin had, moreover, in consequence of these orders, addressed a procama tion to the citizens of all foreign nations trading with China, and particularly to the Dutch and Americans, forbidding them expressly to carry any British goods or merchandise on board, and requiring the captains of ships, previous to their admission, to enter into a bond to that effect. " Two English vessels, whose captains had signed the pledge required by Commissioner Lin, had gone up to Canton. An English merchant of that city, to whom one of those vessels was consigned, having attempted to follow her in a smuggling boat, was over taken by a revenue junk, and carried as a prisoner to Canton. Captain Elliott, on becoming acqua;nted with this fact, sent a message to Commissioner Lin to demand his release, but down to the date of the last accounts the fate of the prisoner was not known. It was expected, however, that, on his arrival in Canton, he would be set at liberty." By the arrival of the Great Western at Bristol, on Friday last, we have received New York papers to the 19th Ultimo, inclusive. The Great Western accom plished the passage from New York to Kingroad in fourteen days and a half. Her outward voyage to New York was accomplished in fifteen days and a half. The British Queen had reached New York on the 18th ul timo, the day previous to the departure of the Great Western, having made the voyage from Portsmouth in less than sixteen days. The first half of the passage she made in the extraordinary short space of six days, during which time she steamed 1,388 miles, or, on the average, 231 miles per day—a feat which, we believe, has not yet been equalled in the annals of steam navi gation. After the first six days she encountered severe adverse gales, and, on the 14th of March, a violent hurricane from the N.N.W., which raged with such fury for eighteen hours that the sails, though closely furled, were blown away. Both these splendid vessels have behaved themselves nobly on their last voyages. The commercial news brought by the Great Western i s o f a gloomy character. The advices taken out by the British Queen had not caused the least improve ment in the monetary markets. Money, it is said in a private letter, was plentiful enough for first-rate com mercial bills, which were in demand at six months' date, The internal exchanges were in a shocking con dition ; nor, while the currency remains embarrassed, can any favourable change be expected. The affairs of the United States Bank were still in a very unsatisfac tory state, and the exposure of the Manhattan Bank affairs kept the minds of business men in a continued fever. The Morning Courier and Enquirer of March 19 states that, on the previous day, the stock market was depressed, and that prices of most descriptions had declined. Operations in foreign exchanges had not been so extensive as had been anticipated for the de parture of the Great Western. The following, are the latest quotations :—London S to £q : -, Paris 5. 26 to 25, Amsterdam 39 to 40. Antwerp 351 to 40, Hamburgh 35 . 1- to 36, Bremen 784 ta. Some few heavy sales were made, part cash and part short credit; and both London and . Paris Southern bills were offering, as usual, at to :1- below the current rates : but unless well known they met with little favour. A tolerable demand had existed for inland exchanges generally, but it had been particularly active in New Orleans and Mobile, at the following rates of discount :—Philadel phia C- to 64, Baltimore 51 ; to 6, Richmond 61- to 7, Charleston 3.1 to 31, Savannah 51 to 6, Augusta 7+ to to 71-, Mobile 4 to 5, New Orleans 4,1 to 5, Union, Florida, 25 to 26, Union, Miss. 40. In Flour, since the 7th of March, a reduction in price had taken place of 25 cents per barrel. There had been no demand for foreign export. The quota tions ranged from 5. 25 to 5. 621 dollars. Some sales of cotton had been made at Ne v York, since the 7th ultimo, at a decline of 1 cent per lb.— The better qualities were scarce, and had brought com paratively higher prices than inferior. Uplands, mid dling, had sold at 61 to 81; fair, to good and fair and good, ,g to 91 and 9-i per lb. The sales of the last ten days had reached about 3,500 bales. There had been some strange developments made as to the mode in which banks had been conducted in some of the remote south-western states ; but as these very slightly, if at all, affected the general monetary in terests of the Union, they were scarcely worth advert— ing to. The report of the committee of investigation into the affairs of the Manhattan Bank had been published. The contents of this report are said to be such that foreign stockholders would do well instantly to recal their proxies: from the late cashier. The New York Morning Herald of March 19 also says that the news brought by the British Queen had produced a gloomy effect upon the market. With re spect to the cotton market, the same journal remarks, that many of the planters; who were able, were holding back their stock, This, it is added, might affect the receipts of the year nearly to the extent which followed from the same cause in 1837, and threw 150,000 bales on the crop of 1838. Notwithstanding this, there was every prospect that the receipts would be fully 1,800 bales. Prices still continued their downward course in the southern ports. The news by the Great Western, on reaching Charleston, on the 14th ultimo, had caused a decline of 1 cent on all sorts. At Mobile a decline of 1 had taken place, for the week ending on the 9th. The following were the prices, according to the Liver pool classification, at Mobile and New Orleans :—At Mobile, good and fair 81 to 81; good fair 74 to 8 ; fair 7 to 71 ; middling 6 to 61.; inferior and ordinary 5 to 51: at New Orleans, good and fine 101; good and fair 91 to 9 ; fair 81 to 81; middling 61 to 7; infe rior and ordinary 51 to 6. The President had sent down a message to Congress, enclosing a further correspondence between Mr. For syth and Mr. Fox, in reference to the occupation of the disputed territory by British forces. In the pro gress of this correspondence, a question of veracity, or rather of accuracy, had arisen between Mr. Fox, the British Minister, and Governor Fairfield, in relation to the operations on the frontier, within that district of country occupied by the British forces, and in which the Governor re-asserts that the military force had been increased, which statement is contradicted by Mr. Fox. The British minister, however, closes his letter, by say ing that, if the state of Maine persists in the course of policy which she appears to have adopted, the period is not far distant when it will become necessary for her Majesty's Government to adopt measures of defence. The news from Canada, which comes down to the 14th March, is totally devoid of interest. Both pro vinces were tranquil. The New Orleans Bulletin states that letters had been received in that city in which it was said that a division of 1000 men lad left Campeachy, with a view to give battle to the Federalists in the vicinity of Merida. The moment the division came in sight of the soldiers of the Federal army, they abandoned their officers and went over to the Federal party. The commandant of the Centralists, with his staff, returned to Campeachy without a single soldier in their company. There were only 50 soldiers in the city, exclusive of the deserted officers. The greater part of the inhabitants were in favour of Federalist opinions. News had also been received from Yucatan, from which it appears that the Federal or Liberal party are in the ascendant in that state. The Government sol diers were 'disaffected, and were daily leaving their • officers. Late advices from Rio Janeiro state, that the Buenos Ayrean army had been defeated by the forces of Monte Video, and that negociations had commenced between the French Admiral and the Government of Buenos Ayres, and that the former had refused the proffered mediation of the British minister. Advices from Panama to Feb. 7, and from Lima to Jan. 14, state, that in Bolivia, the reported reaction or revolution in favour of Santa Cruz had dwindled down to some petty disturbances. The Peruvian Govern ment had refused to receive Mr. Pickett, the American charge d'affaires, or to recognise the treaty formally concluded, ratified, and exchanged with the former Government. Arrivals per Queen Victoria from Dublin to Liverpool, April Gth :—Dowager Duchess of Bedford, Lady Georgiana Russell, Lady Rachel Russell, Dr. Cumming, &c.; Mar quis and Marchioness of Abercorn and family, Mr. and Miss Belgrave, and Judge Ball. APPOINTMENT OF OVERSEERS.—The Special Sessions for confirming the appointment of overseers of the p oor f or the several townships in this division for the ensuing year, and for passing the surveyors' accounts for the past year, were held at Kirkdale, on Friday last. The confirmation of the several overseers for the different townships, proceeded without any opposition, till Toxteth .park was called on, when several gentlemen came forward and begged that the magistrates would not appoint the overseers named on the list presented by the assistant-overseer, which list had been chosen at a meeting of the inhabitants of the extra parochial place of Toxteth-park, the day previously ; the objections which the gentlemen (amongst whom we recognized R. V. Yates, Esq., Dr. M`Kee, andseveral others) made were, that the meeting was not, lstly, a meeting of the ratepayers, but of the inhabitants of Toxteth-park ; 2ndly, that the meeting was so noisy that not one-fourth of the people present could hear one word that was said, and they begged that they might present another list of persons eligible for being ai - pointed overseers. Mr. Alexander Smith, Mr. Sheppard, together with Mr. Cooper, the chairman of the meeting, which was held the day previously, rose to object to the list presented by Mr. Yates, on the ground that they were not chosen at a meeting held according to the acts, and contend ed that the original list was chosen by two-third of the meet ing, who were nearly all of them rate-payers. " Certainly said Mr. Smith, the scenes that occurred were such as I never witnessed before, and sincerely trust I may never wit ness again ; there was, during the whole of the meeting, dog-fight going on in the room, but who the parties were that conducted themselves so disgracefully, I could not say, but nevertheless the overseers who were recommended in the original list, were chosen by two-thirds of the meeting." Here a scene ensued, which we hope will not to be tolerated by the magistrates again ; some_ of the Reformers began hooting, and crying out " chair" " order" " th a t' s a li e ," which continued for several minutes and after order was restored, and after a few words from Mr. Sheppard, who was interrupted again by advocates of the secon d l i st, the magis trates retired and when they returned into court, declared that they bad chosen one overseer from each list, the parties then retired, Mr. Harbourd gave a very fair and unpre judiced account of the township meeting, and anything like the disgraceful scenes that occurred we never heard before. There were on the bench, J. Formby, Esq., Chairman, Charles Birch, Charles Tayleur, Thomas Redish, R. 11. 13. Blundell, and Francis Jordan, Esqrs. After the usual business was over the magistrates heard a case of stabbing and after hearing a good deal of conflicting evidence, com mitted the prisoner John Unsworth for trial at the next assizes. NEW INVENTIONS.—Our attention has lately been called to two new inventioas—one American, the other, we believe, French,—which seem likely to effect revol(itions of great, though unequal importance, in the world of manufacture. The American novelty is a machine by which woollen cloth of every sort is produced at less than a fourth part of the cost hitherto usual. The material is not woven, but compressed. Two urchins, with the machine, can turn out 100 yards of the broad cloth in twelve hours ; and where 245. were de manded per yard, six shillings afford the new manufacturers abundant remuneration. We have inspected and handled (as roughly as we liked) specimens of every variety, from the finest scarlet cloth for officers uniforms down to blankets and carpets, and we certainly could not, either by sight or touch, distinguish them from corresponding pieces made in the old fashion.—The French device is of a very different sort, but must also have very remarkable results. Two spe cimens of this new manufacture were exhibited at the Mar quis of Northampton's last soiree, as president of the Royal Society, and they then excited the curiosity and astonishment of the assembled elite of our philosophers. They were rich silk curtains, having all the appearance of being interwoven in gold and silver in the most gorgeous patterns of arabesque. They looked and felt like the most splendid hangings of the Louis Quatorze taste; but their cost is a mere trifle in com parison, for the gold and silver are merely woven glass. The Queen of the French and her daughters appeared at the last halls in the Tuilleries in dresses manufactured upon this principle. —John Bull. FASHIONABLE FOLLY.—What can be more preposterous than the scanty clothing which modern fashion allows to children ? Whilst their mothers are muffled to the eyes is furs, and to the toes in flannels, their unhappy brats are paraded abroad, with their ..legs and bottoms _exposed to every blast, and their necks left open for .the .very purpose )1 inviting scrofula. Yet Nature gives the mother a greater ,sower of resisting cold than she grants to the child, so bar. barously frozen for the sake of vanityalOnee—Dr. Edwards. 'Ram Rs ~~ ~;: ~ ~. MI