The Northern Daily Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-04-08 00:00:00

Tfts A.NN - uAL SußscnnmoN TO THE NORTHERN DAILY TIMER Is TWO GUINEAS m ANNPM. (4 Reim TUESDAY, IPRIL 8 'rum war will leave us with fully 10,000 foreign troops, exclusive of Turks, to provide for within the next few months. Our Foreign Legions are com posed of Swiss, Italians, and Germans, in which we find the tisons of revolution, the least fortunate in the social sphere, the most disappointed in mili tary ambition, while all possess a sufficient know ledge of arms to render their neighbourhood any thing but desirable in peace and idleness. How to dispose of these innocent victims of war, whose hopes—and probably passions—have been excited to the highest degree, is a matter second only in in importance to the disposal of our rapidly accu mulating victims of crime. We ciranot incorporate our foreign legions with the British army. The ideality of the continental soldier would never harmonise with our notions of subordination. The Swiss,. Italian, or German, would never submit to the infliction of the pains and penalties we attach to breaches of the minor articles of war. And their ordinary inspirations would engender a feeling of discontent in our ranks which would be fatal to those portions of our military code which neither the legislature nor our War Office authori ties appear prepared to relax. What, then, is to be done witii , those Australia has been suggested as the best des• COMMERCIAL STATIONERY, BOLD BY CHARLES WILLMER, WHOLESALE STATIONE B. AND PRINTER, 19, SOUTH JOHN-STREET, LIVERPOOL. THE attention of Merchants, Brokers, Trades• men, and others, is respectfully drawn to the fol owing list of CASH. PRICES for LETTER PAPER: Per Ream: For 3 Reams s. d. s. d. 6 0 0 17 6 6 6 0 18 ' 0 6 0 0 -17 0 Superfine large thin Cream Laid Ditto ditto Blue Wove Ditto ditto Yellow WO Batik Post (Towpod's) for Fore Correspond Axtra thin 761 1 0 French, , 761 1 0 FOOLSCAP OR CUSTOM HOUSE PAPER. Thin Blue Laid Middle Yellow Wove Per Ream, For 3 Reams , 9 10 1 6 0 9 6 " 1 7 6 ENVELOPES Laid Adhesive, full letter Biz Trick Yellow Wove, ditto.. ss. per 1000 6s. per 1000, NOTE PAPER .iperfine Large Cream Laid, is for 5 quires, or 3s 6d per ream. Ditto Ditto Blue Wove, is for 5 quires, or 3s 6d per ream. LETTER COPYING BOOKS, Half-bound, calf, paged and indexed, 403 leaves, 6s; 480 do, 7s ; 500 do, 7s 6d ; 580 do, 8s 6d ACCOUNT BOOKS, of every description, manufactured on the premises, in the bast style, on the shortest notice, and at prices equally low. Orders from the Country receive prompt attention WHOLESALE PAPER WAREHOUSE, 19, SOUTH JOHN-STREET, LIVERPOOL AITILLMER'S RAILWAY AND STEAMBOAT Y GUIDE, for APRIL—PRICE TWOPENCE. Sold by CHARLES WILLMEII, 19, South John-street, and by all Booksellers. fromT-7trefal THIS DAY On account of whom it may concern. Tan DAY, the Bth instant, at Half-past One o'clock, at Golding and Nash's saleroom, Corn Exchange, Bruns wick-street, About 242 Barrels FLOUR, ex America.—For particulars apply to J. & M. HARNETT, Brokers, 10, Fenwick-street. THIS DAT, the Bth instant, at Half-past One o'clock, at Golding and Nash's saleroom, Corn Exchange, Brans- wick-street, About 2,500 Sacks First 'and Second Quality English Manufactured FLOUR. Samples may be seen, and further particulars obtained, on application to the Brokers, J. & bf. HARNETT, 10, Fenwick-street. To close an account THIS DAY, the Bth instant, at Half-past One o'clock, at the Brokers' office, Corn Exchange-buildings, Bruns- wick-street, About 2350 Bushels Egyptian WHEAT, Apply to GOLDING & NASH. Brokers. Tais DAY, the Bth instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Brokers' office, 977 Salted Ox and Caw HIDES, ex Gaucho, from Buenos Avres.—Apply to JOHN & SAMUEL BECKWITH, Brokers. On account of whom it may concern. Tau DAT, the Bth instant, at Half-past One o'clock, at the Broker's office, 10, Brunswick-street, About 1100 Barrels FLOUR, ex Bridgewater.—Apply to lAM PARKE, Broker TO-MORROW TO -MORROW, the 912 inst., at 0 Broker's office. 7. Exchange Chambers e o'clock, at the Tithebarn-street, now landing ex 6229 Double BUndles PIASSAVA, Jamaica. from Bahia.—For further par- FRANCIS J. EATON, Broker. ticulars apply to On account of whom it may concern TO -MORROW, the 9th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Public saleroom, Exchange-buildings, 105 Serous GU M GEDD A, all faults, just landed ex Canmore, from Alexandria. Open for inspec tinn in r.nrAnn'n, Clnnnpr' Array to ROBERT CHRISTIE, JUN. Broker. On account of whom it may concern. TO-MORROW, the 9th instant, at Twelve o'eloc ~h, at the Brokers' office, Exchange-alley. 55 Bales COTT 0 N, all faults, ex Napoleon 111., from Bombay.—Apply to J. B. THOMSON & CO., Brokers TO-MORROW, the 9th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Brokers' office, 17, Oldhall-street, 225 Bags SAGO FLOUR, just landed ea Quintin Leitch, from Singapore.—For par ticulars apply to GLADSTONE & SERJ E A NTS ON. Brokers. THURSDAY On TnuRsDLY n sow landing ex T er. —Apr Kt, the 10th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Broker's office, 18, Hackin's-hey, 9 Casks Sicily ARGOLS, 6 Casks Naples TARTAR, 75 Bags Palermo SUMAC. W. H. JACKSON, Broker, On THURSDAY next, the 10th instant, at Twelve o'clock. at the Brokers' office, 13, Exchange-buildings, 500 Bags Bengal LINSEED. & H. LITTLEDALE & CO., Brokers. Apply to FRIDAY On FRIDAY next, the 11th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Broker's office, 3, Oldhall-street, 115 Bales HEMP, lately landed ex Star of the East and Norman Morrison, from Manilla.—Apply to ROBERT CHRISTIE, JUN; Broker. EARLY DELIVERY OF THE " NORTHERN Lams." Any subscriber within four miles of the Liverpool E xc h ange, or at Rock-ferry, Tranmere, Birkenhead, Woodside, Oxton, Claughton, Seacombe, Egremont , or New Brighton, who does not receive his copy of the "NORTHERN TIMES," by Eight o'clock will oblige the publisher by addressing a note to him at the office notifying the fart, in order that the close of complaint may be investigated and removed. As our messengers commence their delivery at five o'clock on each morning, it would greatly facilitate its completion if subscribers would have letter-boxes in their doors through which the papers might be dropped, as the detention at some houses is very great at present, and causes delay and disappointment to other subscribers. EVENING EDITION isr An Evening Edition of the NORTHERN DAILY TIMES is now Published every Afternoon, at Three o'clock, containing the .3farkets, together with all the News of the Day, up to the hour of going to Press. ME NORTNERN TIMES.-LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY, APRIL 8, 18166 tination that could be selected for this heteroge- neous mass of malcontents, and nobody knows what else besides. Such schemes are generally put forward in vague, but inviting forms ; but as we have no military colonies in the Southern hemisphere, and as we see incalculable danger in allowing our gold fields to be given up to legions of expert warriors, or converted into so many Polands and Hungary s, we simply protest, in the name of the commerce , and industry of Great Britain, against the adoption of any such proposal. We could never regard the Swiss soldier with any greater favour than is due to the zeal of a mercenary, who can always find a bullet so long as he receives the wages of blood. The Germans, we admit, are great under the shade of their own mulberry trees, and docile enough to render them admirable midwives for silkworms. The Italians would, doubtless, carry the arts and sciences with them to our Colonies, but where would they deposit their frantic passions and prejudices, their stilettos and wild frenzies of revenge, their love of brigandage, and all the other romantic pursuits of idleness and filth ? Commerce has its legions of mercena ries, who, without shedding blood, form an inestimable police in the mercantile world. And, as the Australian settlers are always ready to do any thing for a fair day's wages, what need have we for employing Swiss where peace gives trade, and ordinary commercial prudence the utmost safety Then, again, instead of the wooden shoe, grassy face of the desert, and soundless holkland, which suits the silkworm, and the lonely road which so admirably answers the high ambition of a banditti, the - people of Australia want to hear the shrill whistle of the locomotive, the roaring of the half choked steam pipe of the ocean steamer, the blasting of quartz rocks, and the ceaseless din of crushing machines. They want no military settlers who must either give consis tancy to their negative mendicancy, or reproach the unlucky stars which cast their lot in regions where their services are not required, or their exalted virtues would not be fully appreciated. Why, then hint, ever so remotely, at sending regiments of foreign soldiers to those parts of our Empire where productive industry alone is wanted ? The troops in quest;on were raised to serve during the war, and now that we are to have peace let a gratuity be paid to them, and let them be sent home to their respective countries before any additional cost is incurred. We shall soon be called on to provide for a huge number of disbanded militiamen, and if we are to send military squatters to the antipodes our own countrymen ought to be thought of first. Aud we question if anything better could be done than to send all our married militia- men, with their wives and children, out to the diggings. Labour is rising rapidly in value in Australia, and with the return of another season or two of prosperity it will reach an unprecedented price. The same:thing may be said of America. The increasing production of gold is leading to an immense:absorption of labour in the interior of the Union, and must ere long produce a very exten sive demand for hands along the whole of the coasts of the Atlantic States. A very slight advance in wages beyond " the dollar a day," will draw off thousands from Europe to . the American shores, and when we have a fair chance of seeing " two dollars a day" as the average price of unskilled labour, we can scarcely be at a loss to know whence to direct the steps of our dependents or surplus population. In the meantime it behoves us to discourage all thoughts of sending thousands of foreign soldiers to any portion of Australia. If we are really to be blessed with peace, the poverty, discontent, and recklessness of the old world will find all those vents open which war has for the moment closed against them. We shall have the great safcty valves of Europe opened wider than ever, and the currents of population pouring forth to replenish the earth, and adjust the balance of human affluence as well as the power of nations. In the return of such a season we are more deeply inter ested in Liverpool than any other part of the Kingdom, but certainly not more so than every other town,. city, and state of Europe, which hopes to live as we do, ought to be. Emigration is as essential to the industrial and general welfare of the Continent as it is to an ant-hill, and to these realms as it is to a bee-hive; and with the restora tion of peace there is little doubt that it will resume its former buoyancy, and exceed in num bers anything ever before known, without resort ing to the expedient of transporting foreign troops to regions for which they are in no way adapted. THE great Conservative Republic of the New World cannot bring itself to relinquish " protec tion," and allow commerce to go free. American citizens dread the reign of corruption and terror which has invariably followed extortionate revenues, exceeding, by many millions, the annual expenditure, or actual wants, of a State. Still they cannot be brought to believe that the illimitable resource of the American continent, the genius, industry, and skill of the Republican citizen can be developed and sustained intact, without outraging every Constitutional principle of taxation, and holding out the strongest incentives to the introduction of every species of political impurity. We have no right, however, to rebuke others for follies which were once our own. They must learn from time, and we employ our opportunities in teaching by example. As Mr. CLAYTON says that, in order to obtain a settlement of the Central American question, the Americans must appeal from the British Ministry to the British people, we have nothing for it but to appeal from the citizens of the Union to Mr. MARcv, or some other leading spirit on the Ministerial benches of Con_ gress, on the question of Free Trade. The people of the States are as little prepared for a social revolution as the subjects of Great Britain are disposed to enter into a war with their kindred on the other side of the Atlantic. With this assur ance, both nations may embark in the discussion of mutual grievances and economic principles with safety and advantage to others as well as themselves. The new tariff bill, alluded to in our American news of yesterday, differs essentially from the outlines given of it some weeks ago by the New York newspapers. Instead of being a Free Trade measure, it is one of the most arbitrary of prohibitive laws ever concocted. It adds to " the " free list" articles which we might suppose had been selected by a few members of a mercantile community, who an Administration were disposed to favour at the national expense, and at the risk of their own reputation as statesmen. Mr. hMEs, the reputed father of this concentrated and sublimated essence of Buckinghamshire stupidity and crudity, would have the American people think that his " free list" was designed to reduce th e cost of production of those articles in which they had the strongest competition to contend against. But on looking over that list we scarcely find one commodity of importance to the American manu facturer, unless it be some of the component parts of dye-stuffs, boluses, soft soap, and bread-stuffs ; while on linen, cotton, and worsted goods the duties are advanced fifty per cent. To the con• sumer, which means all the Union, this is a most serious addition to the present fiscal burthens; but what is it to the American producer—the pam peredl bantling of excessive taxation ? Such forced creations disappear on the attainment of prosperity, as the snow vanishes before the sun. The IVetv York Herald, of the 22nd ult., shows us very clearly the fate that awaits all producers, whose existence is based on erroneous principles, and excessive taxation. " Th e s t a ti s ti cs o f lead " production show," says that journal, " that when "pig was worth but 33c. to 4c. per pound in this " city, the Western mines supplied the wants of " the United States, and furnished some for " export up to 1848. Now, when both the price " and demand are nearly doubled, the production " has fallen off nearly one-half, and the " great bulk of this is consumed at the "West." Our cotemporary might have said precisely the same thing of every other branch of American production, with the exception of gold, corn, cotton, and shipping, where the the spontaneous offerings of untaxed lands supply the most costly articles employed in construction. his impossible to force production on any country. Labour is the heaviest item in all productive pursuits, and how can its cost be reduced where there are tariffs, varying from twenty to eighty per cent. ? These are the figures which enter so largely into production, and which the Americans cannot, any more than our selves, add to the price of consumption. The partial adoption of Free Trade by England enabled the Transatlantic producer to add largely to the selling price of his bushel of corn ; but all the gold that California has yielded has not benefitted the farmer one cent. in price. But it would be futile to enter further into a discussion on matters which are not appreciated by those to whom our remarks are addressed. The present Tariff Bill is a mere clap-trap—a sheer put off. It has no such thing as a commercial or financial principle in its composition. Its promo ters profess a desire to reduce taxation to a legiti mate revenue standard, and this they propose to do by advancing the duties on all the necessaries of life just 50 per cent., while they reduce the taxes on wines and spirits—the luxuries of the few-20 per cent. ! Such a measure as this will never pass Congress, and the only object its authors can have is to shelve the whole question. This being their real design, and fearing that the alteration of duties would be accepted under any circumstances, they have embodied in their bill conditions of which we annex a sample : The importer, his agent, or consignee, shall produce and file with the collecting officer of the district, on making entry of any imported goods, wares, and merchan dise, a just, true, and correct invoice of the same. If the goods, wares, and merchandise are purchases for market use in the United States, they must be invoiced at their actual cost in the country where purchased ; but when they are destined by the manufacturer or producer for market or consumption in the United States, or otherwise obtained for that purpose, they must be invoiced at the wholesale market value in the principal markets of the country where manufactured, produced, or obtained, at the time of their being destined and invoiced for the United States. If the goods, wares, and merchandise, are purchased in bottles, barrels, casks, sacks, packages, or other covering necessary and proper for transportation to the United States, so that the covering is included in their cost, the fact must be stated on the face of the invoice; and where the manufacturer, producer, or other person, invoices goods destined for the United States, the market value must be stated on the invoice, to indicate that the bottle, barrel, cask, sack, package, or other necessary and proper covering is included in the value stated, or must give the cost of each separately; and where goods, wares, and merchandise, have been purchased in an unfinished state, and before being placed in proper packages for transportation, the invoice must contain a statement of the cost of bleaching, dyeing, dressing, printing, and finishing, together with the cost of packages or covering, putting up and packing, ',together with the cost of :the bottle, barrel, cask, sack, package, or other covering ; and;:all invoices must state the cost of brokerage, in a distinct charge, and all ,export duties, cost of placing the goods on board ship, including drayage, labour, all cartage, lighterage, tozvn dues, shipping charges, dock or wharf dues, :and all charges to place the goods on board ship; also fire insurance prior to shipment, together with the charges for commission, and charges for forwarding, which shall not be less than two and a half per cent. for each ; and if all those items are not stated on the face of the invoice, they must be endorsed on, or appended to it, so as to form a part of it. The invoice, with all these items, must be supported by the written affidavit of the importer with his signature attached, stating that it is the true and correct invoice of the goods, wares, and merchandise, and that there is no other to his knowledge or belief. This invoice, thus sup ported by the oath of the importer, as his declaration of market value, shall not be dispensed with, except in the cases prescribed . .and directed by the Secretary of the Treasury. These are certainly the most extraordinary con ditions to enforce on the merchants of America and the world, that were ever concocted. They will supply the American Governmenment with most valuable statistics, if they can be complied with. They will put the Treasury in possession of the commercial, local, and imperial charges which enter into the cost of production. But how are the importing merchants of America, or ex porters of other countries, to comply with the requirements of the law ? It will add immensely to the labour and expense attending every ship ment to the States, should it pass both branches of the legislature. Of this, however, there is not the remotest chance, for, in addition to the utter impracticability of procuring the information sought, the bill will excite the bitterest feeling of hostility among the Free-soilors, the Maine Liquor Law advocates, and the innumerable little trading cliques who make "protection" their household god ; while, amongst the great bulk of the people, who will see it is a paltry sham, it will be treated with the disdain it deserves. THE COURT BUCKINGHAM PALACE, MONDAY.—Yesterday her Majesty and the Prince Consort, the Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, Prince Alfred, the Princess Alice, the Duchess of Kent, with the ladies and gentlemen of the Court, and the domestic household, attended divine service in the chapel of Buckingham Palace. The Hon. and Very Rev. the Dean of Windsor officiated. ARRIVAL OF THE RED JACKET.—The White Star line of packet ship Red Jacket, from Melbourne, was telegraphed off Holyhead yesterday, and is expected to arrive in the Mersey at an early hour this morning. Her advices have been anticipated by the accounts which have been already published. MORE SADLEIR FORGERIES.—We have intelligence from Dublin, that yesterday an English gentleman appeared at the registry office in that city, and produced there a number of deeds, purporting to be conveyances from the Encumbered Estates Court, and to be the signatures of Commissioners Longfield and Hargrave. Some of those deeds actually contained a certificat e o f reg i s t ry , o th ers were w ith ou t cer tificates, but all, on examination, appeared to be forgeries by the late'John Sadleir. These deeds are to a very large amount, MONETARY AND COMMERCIAL. LIVERPOOL, MONDAY EVENING The Liverpool Cotton Market has been very firm to-day, and prices well sustained. The sales amount to 10,000 bales, and include 3,000 taken for speculation and export. There - has teen no change in the tone of the Liverpool Share Market. It opened with a buoyant feeling, and continued steady to the close, when the prices stood as follow :—Aberdeen, 131 14. Chester and Birkenhead, 16 161. Caledonian, 301 xd 301. Chester and Holyhead, 161161. Eastern Counties, 10/ 10 5-16. East Lancashire, 191 192-. Great Northern, 28a 231. Ditto A, 91 101. Great Western, 60-. ) 648. Lancashire and Yorkshire Stock, 8S 881. Liverpool, Crosby, and South port, 16 16/, London and North Western Stock, 101 a 1011. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln, 288 29. Ditto Pref., II& 111. Ditto New 6 per cent. Pref., 7-16 9-16 p. Midland Stock, 7 , 1-,§,-1741. North British, 81 9. North Stafford shire, 6 51d. South Eastern, 211 21 13-16. York, Newcastle, and •Berwiek, 191 191. York and North Midland, 281 281. Leeds Capital Stock, 16 168. Dutch Rhenish, 11, 1 15-16 p. Ditto New Shares, 3a 34p. Great Western of Canada, 25 11-16 25 13 16. Ditto New Shares, 21 2;1 p. Ditto 2nd issue, 2,1 21p. Great Luxembourg, - The Prussian Minister of Commerce has posted up a decree on the Bourse at Berlin regulating the sale of foreign and home stocks as follows :-Ist. The brokers are not allowed to dispose of any shares unless they are fully paid up. 2nd. All Prussian shares of industrial companies, not hav ing their arrangements completed, are not allowed to be negociated. 3rd. The negotiation of foreign stocks, not completely paid up, is interdicted. 4th. The Ministerial decree announces that the publication of the quotations will be officially re gulated. In a previous decree it was stated that any agent on the Bourse infringing these regula tions would lose his license. No improvement has taken place in the Prussian Funds. Much sympathy has been expressed in the City at the announcement of the failure of W. 0. Young, shipowner, in consequence of his heavy engage. ments with Messrs. Syers, Walker and Co., who suspended payment on Friday last. It is said that his liabilities are very considerable, but that as far as can be estimated at present, his assets will pay a good dividend, if the estate is judiciously managed. Ten shillings in the pound has been spoken of•by some. The following is Mr. Young's circular, addressed to his creditors : Sun-court, Cornhill, April 4.' f In consequence of the suspension this day of Messrs. Syers, Walker and Co., for whom I have become under heavy engagements, I regret to be compelled to inform you, that I have felt it my duty, acting under the advice of friends, to suspend my own operations, and to take the opinions of my creditors as to the best course to be adopted for their interests, and with that view I have to request the favour of your attendance at a meeting to be held here on Thursday next, the 10th inst., at one o'clock precisely.—l am 3 our very obedient servant, W. O. YOUNG. The liabilities of Messrs. Syers. Walker, and Co. are believed to exceed £200,000, the speculations of the firm in produce having been extensive. It is estimated that if a steam packet commu nication could be established between this country and Australia, by which such communication could be effected in 44 or 45 days, that £lOO,OOO a year would be saved in interest of money on Austalian gold sent to England. The Funds have been weaker to-day, and closed at a decline of 1 per cent—the prices quoted being 921 94. This reduction is chiefly attributable to the commencement of preparations for adjusting the monthly account in Consols. Money was thus in good demand in the Stock Exchange at 6 per cent. upon government securities. Inasmuch, however, as the investments of the public are constantly continued, whilst the creation of new government stock will soon he arrested by the equalisation of the ordinary revenue and expenditure of the country, the market still retains considerable firmness of character. The immediate operations for higher prices are now conducted upon a more moderate scale in the various departments of the Stock Exchange, but the current speculation is still deci dedly in an improved direction. In the Discount market to-day the demand for money was not heavy. On Thursday falls due an instalment of 1,300,0001. on the New Loan, but the dividends will be payable on Wednesday. At Paris to-day the Three per Cent. Rentes closed at a decline of per cent. Messrs. Saunders and Harrison, linseed crushers, of Upper Thames Street, to-day suspended payment. Considering the convulsion which the sudden cessation of the war has caused in several departments of the Pro duce Market, surprise can scarcely be felt at the two or three cases of em barrassment lately recorded, which are not of a nature to shake the general conviction that trade is, upon the whole, in a sound and satisfac tory state. Three vessels have arrived from Australia, viz. The Ada and Asia from Sydney, and the Red Jacket, which is believed to have a large quantity of gold on board. The Wheat Market to day was firm, at last Monday's rates. The Railway Share Market to-day was inactive, there being a pause in the speculation for higher prices, at the following quotations : Caledonian, 611 04. Eastern Counties, M i l 101. East Lancashire, 76 78. Great Northern, 94 941. Ditto A. 79 80. Great Western, 64a 644. Lan cashire and Yorkshire, 88 881. London and North Western, 1011 1011- i . Manchester Shef field, and Lincolnshire, 281 291 Midland Stock, 741 75. North British, 35 36. South Eastern and Dover, 711 711. York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 791. York and North Midand, 57 571. THE PEXCE.—We have reason to believe that at a meeting of the Privy Council, which will be held on Thursday next, all the existing prohibitions with regard to trade with Russia will be immediately rescinded. It will be evident at once that the government, in adopting this determination, have acted in a way which will best serve the interests of the commercial community, since to main tain the prohibition referred to, after the blockade in the Baltic had been raised, would only throw the whole of the spring trade with Russian ports into the hands of neutrals. —Times. THE ELECTION OF VESTRYMEN.-At the close of yester day's poll, Mr. Flanagan was declared in a majority. COLLISION IN THE RITEE.--00 Sunday night, the ship Bowden, from Bombay, and the Hannah Eastee, from Dundalk, came in contact in the river. The former lost her foretopmast yard, and the latter her topmast, figure head, foretopmast, &c. There was no accident to life or limb, that we heard of. CANADIAN RAILWAYS.—The eminent railway contractors, Thomas Brassey, Esq., and E. L. Betts, Esq., took their departure on Saturday last, per Africa, for. New York, on their way to Canada, for the purpose of consulting with the Canadian government, who, we understand, are about to increase their railway works in that country to a greater extent than hitherto contemplated. SUDDEN DEATH.—On Sunday evening a most awful occurrence took place in St. Bartholemew church, Naylor street. During the time that the evening service was being performed, in the above church, the congregation were much alarmed by hearing a sudden convulsive shriek from a female, who, immediately after, fell from her seat. All attention was immediately devoted by the congregation to the poor female, but, al as , t oo l a t e , s h e h a d exp i re d. Upon inquiry, it was found that the deceased person was a Mrs. Spencer, of Prince Edward-street. Her body was removed to her dwelling, and it is scarcely necessary to say that this melancholy occurrence created the deepest consternation amongst her family and friends, and likewise amongst the worshipers of the above church. An inquest will be held on the body of the deceased this day. LIVERPOOL POLYTECHNIC SOCIETY.".-The usual periodical meeting of this society was held last evening, at the Royal Institution, Colquitt-street. Mr. Romer occupied the chair. On this occasion there was no specific paper for the evening, therefore the subjects conversed upon were of a miscellane ous character. The secretary announced the receipt of several valuable donations of pamphlets, for which the thanks of the society were unanimously voted. Mr. Hazard exhibited an instrument he had invented to attach to steam boilers, for the purpose of giving warning in the case of a deficiency of water, or an over pressure of steam. The instrument he haa tried, and found it to be very efficient; the total cost of which would not amount to more than 7s. 6d. The society considered it a very ingenious contrivance, and might be the means of saving a great many boilers from the carelessness of Pervants, or neglect. A conversation ensued as to the best means of conveying hot water in dwel lings, which led to the question being asked as to the quality of the water, and as to its corrosive qualities, which would be brought from Itivington. The reply was that it had been carefully analysed, and all reports were that it was very pure. The meeting soon after Separated. LATEST INTELLIGENCE, THE CONGRESS PARIS, MONDAY EVENING A meeting of the plenipotentiaries had been appointed to be held to-day, but from some unexplained cause, it has been postponed until to-morrow -A).------ THE TURKISH REFORM MEASURES From despatches, dated Marseilles the oth inst., and Constantinople the 27th ult., we learn that in several of the Asiatic towns in Turkey, the reforms recently decreed by the Sultan, has been followed by hostile manifestations towards the Christian population. At Aden, the Christians had been much mal treated, and it is asserted that the Calvalry had been called upon to repress an emeute got up by the Turkish population at Ismail. The prisoners who had been exchanged for Russian prisoners at Kinburn, had arrived at Con stantinople, and gave much valuable and interest ing information with respect to Odessa. It was pretty generally stated that Admiral Sir Edmund Lyons would, in all probability, take the place of Lord Stratford de Redcliffe, as Ambas sador at Constantinople. THE EAST A despatch dated Marseilles, Sunday, 7.60 p.m., announces that the Tage has arrived with advices from Constantinople of the 27th, and from the Crimea of the 25th ult. Despatches leave at 8 p.m. The steamer New York has arrived from Constantinople with 332 convalescents on board. FRANCE. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, SUNDAY EVENING. It has been stated in some of the Paris papers, that in the preamble of the treaty of peace, the services of France and her Emperor are specially acknowledged, but I am assured nothing of the kind is the case. I am told, too, that there is a difference of language employed in speaking of the different powers ; the belligerent powers being called belligerent, the others, Austria and Prussia, contracting. Thus, it is said, " the belligerent powers have decided on making peace on the following terms, and the contracting powers engage themselves to do so," and so on. There is, I am told, a clause in the treaty, to the effect, that henceforth no power whatever shall, on any pre tence whatever, be allowed to occupy any portion of the Turkish territory. A grand fete is to be given at the Hotel de Ville, in honour of the Plenipotentiaries of the Congress, and preparations have been commenced for it. Permission bas to-day, I hear, been given to allow the Russian paper, Le Nord, to enter France. I told you a long time ago that the tactics of the Russian Plenipotentiaries in this city have been, ever since their arrival to treat for peace, to profess the most unbounded respect for the Emperor Napoleon, and to flatter the French most outrage ously. lam assured, as a proof of this, that the moment difficulties arose in the Conferences, Count Orloff went to the Emperor, and, after some preliminary observations, said : " Sire, you are a great man; and, as a great man, are just and generous. Here are my instructions— read them." The Emperor, after a little affected hesitation, read them. " You see, sire," said Orloff, " that I am commanded to make every possible concession to obtain peace. Such being the case, I ask you, will you allow Russia to be dishonoured and strangled?" " No, certainly," said the Emperor, " but she shall have an honour able peace." From that moment the Emperor occupied himself in removing every difficulty that arose. Another piece of flattery, on the part of Count Orloff, afforded the Emperor still greater pleasure—Count Pazzo di Borgo waited on the Count a few days ago, and said, " Now that peace is concluded, I will introduce you to good society in Paris." " Good society," cried Orloff, " Why I have seen the very best—for I have seen the Tuileries !" " Good society at the Tuileries ! What a notion, my dear Count ! No,—the only good society in Paris is in the Faubourg, Saint Germain, amongst the old noblesse." " Sir," exclaimed the wily Russian, " the society which is good enough for the Emperer of the French is good enough for me, I will not go to the Faubourg !" And he took care to repeat the anecdote so that it should be related to the Emperor. The Moniteur contains a notice that, in conse quence of the conclusion of peace, the removal of blockades and restrictions on trade with Russia are to be carried into effect without delay; also, that any captures which may have been made since the conclusion of peace shall be restored. It adds that, until the formal re-establishment of diplomatic relations, consular and other formalities are to be executed by the consuls of the Powers which represented the belligerents, in their respec tive countries during the war. The English steam frigate Odin arrived at Marseilles on the night of Friday, to convey Admiral Lyons, who has been staying in that port, to the Black Sea. The number of the French army in the Crimea is represented to exceed at this moment 120,000 men, and at Constantinople to be 20,000, Although this is Sunday a grand steeple chase has come off at La Marche. A horse called Minos, who ran third in the Liverpool steeple chase, was brought over expressly to run in it, and it had been generally expected amongst the English frequenters of the turf that he would win easily. Five other horses were also brought over from England. But Minos, and his five brethren, were beaten by a French horse ; or, at least, an English horse, naturalised in France, called Flying Buck, belonging to Vicomte de St. Roman. This defeat has delighted the French turfites beyond measure. The amount of stakes and entries was nearly £5OO. PARIS, SATURDAY EVENING. The Minister of Agriculture and Commerce has charged the Prefects of Departments to inform the Chambers of Commerce that a decree, authorising the immediate resumption of commercial relations with Russia, the raising of all blockades, and the revocation of all prohibitive measures, will shortly be published. Not only is the visit of the Emperor of Russia to this capital spoken of with the greatest confi dence, but it is said that his Majesty will visit London also. A telegraphic despatch from Hamburg pretends to know that so far back as the beginning of last month the English cabinet refused to consent to a capitalisation of the Sound dues, but resolved to propose to Denmark some other arrangement respecting them. Ano her de s p a t c h from the same place says, that it was this day officially notified in that city that Russia permits the export of corn and grain. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE• THE TREATY OF PEACE The Debuts of yesterday morning contains a V e V long, but interesting, article treating of whichin . the Congress has disposed of the fil ‘ t l article, the one, it will be remembered, allowmg.', the belligerent powers the right to producesPecia the 111°°,6. conditions in a'European interest. rnq e The Russian Plenipotentiaries, it is sai d ' no opposition to the demands following as 11e natural consequence of the neutralisation the Black Sea. They did not defend ei ther military arsenal of Nicolaieff or their naval est i fi he lishments in the Black Sea or upon the shores of the s hoi.c7 Black Sea, in the Sea of Azoff or upon of the Sea of Azoff. The treaty of peace in the widest and most absolute sense the prin ci P t i a ee for . of the neutralisation of these two seas. Hen they will simply be commercial seas, open to all v e r ' y sels of commerce, closed to all those of war. A very small number of light vessels, acting as police' ilia. alone remain. Sebastopol will not be rebuilt. Russian ports and cities will be accessible to : e proelal: governments who will be able to exercise an act surveillance by means of consular agents. All e Russian forts which have been constructed on til shores of the Black Sea, along the Caucasus Inir the last extremity of the Russian territory , O t t b fa e from Batoum, will be destroyed and can n° "„ e s replaced. With regard to the Russian fortrestle upon the sonthern side of the Caucasus , fo ir ;,, e u Black Sea to the Caspian, the allies have o , ;e h way, but the treaty provides that the frontier Nv"i`eibe separates Russia and Turkey at this part sh i l l , 'r rectified, and that the Russians shall abandon „ - o conquests and return from Kars into thei r " territory. Alt ' Russia preserves its possession of the Isles, but only on the condition never to for„rilcs, them, or maintain there a military position. ',so. stipulation is considered very favourable to den ; Stockholm being but three or four he" - distance by steamer from those islands. f the The treaty pronounces the suppression 0. Russian Protectorate in the Danubian Pril ic „ iP t it he ties, but the Conference still hesitates between .. e different systems of political and administitlee organisation which have been proposed. Il e r, of its members are to be sent to the spot in erica to ascertain the feeling of the people. The elg of these plenipotentiaries is now under COn sA—r tion. the The Opinione of Turin adds its belief tha t . th proposition likely to be a d o pt e d at Par is ; l ir regard to Italy consists in e s t a bli s hing in the °ht, tificial legations a semi-independent govern This subject only to the sovereignty of the Pope' both arrangement is conformable to the wishes °` ,7 England and France. " We do not hesitate to a.,/:if continues the Opinione, " that this will be a measure, of no real service to Italy. It wil l an d he a new edition of the D uc hies and ` -) ", -- hat Duchies of Central Italy, with this difference, trio' the Duchies are under the suzerainty of Al ls c t he and legations will be under the suzerainty ( " e is. Pope. Now, as to temporal power, the n° I' s ee; under the suzerainty of Austria ; do ;iicse then, what the Italian Peninsul a w ill gain by arrangements." „ the In a letter dated Paris, Sunday even in g' ay writer states:—" The documents w hich have a' r " E '.ies received the signatures of the plenipotentialtrr are in number five, namely, the Treaty, or 1 1 , 18 ment de Paix, properly so called ; and add i nhe article (not act) relative to the evacuation °' t he Russian territory ; a convention relative to, ee . Straits—these three are signed by the four'e.ch plenipotentiaries ; two annexes, one of relates to the Aland Isles, and is signed by Bus i s • h g England, and France; and the other, conc ern the maritime police of the Black Sea, sign eu + ; o o Turkey and Russia only. Such is the classifi ea '.' nil of the papers which now await the approhatly . . and ratification of the various governments RUSSIA.-RETURN OF THE CZAR TO - PETERSBURG. wed On the 25th the Emperor Alexander revie th e the troops in garrison at Sweaborg, a nd in 0 G en` :l evening was present at a soiree given by t y Berg, Governor-General of Finland. His Mft.i i es to then left for Abo, and on the 29th ult. returned St. Petersburg. At the Russian capital the conclvsion of Pl o does not appear to have removed all ho s 'i te feelings. The Northern Bee, the Muse ° ,,%a organ, which has always vigourously re bil :of every leaning towards the manners and ider o o other countries, is now hurling its an atil- , . I against the anti-national tendency of con:1 111 1;d relations with foreigners. It has just P 11131 '),iell an article entitled " Th e Tim e is Come, in vc "" t heir it exhorts all orthodox Russians to unite r„ e l efforts in the developement of the nat ives industry. Against England the writer's ,hies are specially directed. " Albion," he says ,b it t lost her prestige. The West h a s shown ti,s Nre have to expect from it. Let us profit uY ci its lesson. By its armies, its population, an i , o gS geographical position, Russia is the most v i g ° ' a re of all empires, but its productive forcel it not sufficiently developed, and this is Iv a /. is poorer than others." • PRUSSIA. h irdel Intelligence from Berlin to the date of Sa, s r last, has arrived. From this we find that the t!--.611 of peace—the document itself— re ached Be rlll , - c ial Tuesdaymorning last,—not brought by nil s r o on° courier, as is the case in other countries , u tl t ier veyed simply by the ordina r y post. Them 1; - ,, 0 0 in which these things ar e mana ged here .e 7, of that economy may be consult e d without lee;ket efficiency. A Prussian courier brought the ct u s• containing it and other despatches over th e 'doe sian frontier, and delivered it to the Pe B f t „ - n tier authorities at the first Prussian 11.- Ot' town ; here and at every successsive class post station it was examin e : s till the chief officer, as to whether the seals wer7 Ai ose perfect, and the conductor of the train, to th ese charge it was committed, received at each n',•ved stations an official certificate of the time it 9 ,;;I l ope• there, and of the state of the seals and e, rl. ,issill e " On the part of men in office in the T r- s tifle cabinet there is a strong desire evident t e ;tioa every mention of the various acts of el? of shown by our governm en t t o th e adniles io : e the" , , Prussia to the confe rences , an d e ver eq ual opening to Prussia's b e i ng rece i v ed en, a r be lel" footing with the others ; aw l no thing Nyu , Y s rnei r undone by this government and people te, strate their satisfaction at th e war ha'", n it "eare t brought to a close, and a t th e a pproaching - connection of England and Prussia. haveadvices from Marseilles to the 'i t- late We THE MEDITERRANEAN. b itis t " from w which sym we on l d e s arn too th k at o t a h o e e funeralintho of tr,tailt Admiral p r oLe- wa s cemetery at half-past nine that morning. Ixtiaitil. strictlyonr private. The Admiral sailed froinA''died on Friday last in the French steamer Nil, an u ,Dicli is strict ly attile Frioul, every dead body which arrive6,iral I,li Symonds, and every facility port, was dispensed with in the case of AL:,, -- bis . ends to land his remains. rvi tig The ste • from am frigate Odin arrived this in i n , si l o . Malta, whence she sailed on the 31stlob,,,ati• was afforded '- is come to take Sir Edmund Lyons to Con dor to nople, who it is said is appointed Atabass3°. the Sublime Porte. arin lci A.fif Bey, one of the Secretaries of the .„ din Vizier Aali Pasha, sailed on Wednesday, 4 , 1 :1-ing steam sloop Requin, for Constantinople, b;tbe with him the treaty of Paris for ratification .7 some Sultan. for weather has been extremely The gyres,boiste and S yesterday struck by a heavy sea off this.jost9 days, A small sloop, coming from -)jort must have foundered but for two fishing ob i who went to her assistance. th e C qua ent eey., A considerable fall has taken plac e in - 0 60' market here in consequence of the great of wheat offered for sale during the pres I c sold 6,800 hectolitres of Algerian wheat have beeillo,soo and delivered at 24f the hectolitre, all 1) - 01 01 hectolitres sold for future delivery a t 21r. - i ota wheat is quoted at 20f the hectolitre. The 3,0 00 market has been sufficiently animated. f the 60 hogsheads of East Indian were sold at 66 a kilogrammes; and 500 hogsheads of inferior ct 66f. t he Coffee is in good demand at from 55 f to eg' 60 kilogrammes.