Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-09-23 00:00:00

SMITHSONIAN HOTEL, BROADWAY, Corner of HoowroN.sTalET, Nsw Voss. Named in honour of the SMITHSONIAN INSTITOTION, Established at WAS ul sr oroN, by the U. S. Co:408E19, With Funds bequeathed by JAMES SHITHiON, of Ex caAltb, Having the Friendsh;p of the 0 r mcsaa of the NATIONAL Itisiircr to N Is conlucted on the EUROPEAN PLAN. CHAS. H. SXITH. ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. M R. BARRYh is F S 13rien 1 L I s d V tAhN Public,e respectfullythat informs HIS BENEFIT, AND LAST APPEARANCE BUT ONE, Will take tike plac as above, ON FRIDAY NEXT, THE 25xis INSTANT, When wilt be presented the two most popa'ar Dramas of the rzolern btage, THE LADY OF LYONS, AND DON CIESAR;Ios, A MATCH FOR A KING. tLa Ineviat 47,11v5.—:Tbi5 7,-Jap At twelve o'clock, at the hrrker'a office, Exchange-alley North, 7ft tons Madras Redwcod.—Shand, Hivion and Co. ♦t eleven o'cleck, at the commercial saleroom, Temple-court, a quantity of Fruit.—James Adam, Son and Co. At twelve o'clock, at the brokers' office, 2, Dale-street, a quantity of Madder Roots, Cowries, &c., &c..—Browne Hunter and Co. At twelve o'clock, at Vie brokers' office, 14, Exchange-alley Weat, SO bales Berries.—P,yee and Lace. ♦t twelve o'clock, at the brokers' office, 39, Exchanze-,treet Fast, a qua tity of Manganese and 111yrabolams.—C x Brothers. At twelvs o'clock, at the public siVeroom, Exchange-buildings, a quantity et Turmeric, Sumac, Lima Wood, and. Ddaddcr Roots.— hewer and black. At the broker's office, ft, North John-street, 4 cases Spange.—Henry Gardner. ♦t twelve o'clock, at the brokers' office, Exchange-place, 50 cases Vegetable Marrow.—William and Joseph White. At twelve o'clock, at the broker's offiv, Victoria-buildings, Hackirf,- hey, 50 cases Castor 011.—Corrie and Co, ♦t twelve o clock, at the brokers' office, Exchange-place. a qua❑tity of Sumac, Sanderswood, and Madder Roots.—Harpin and Co. At twelve o'c'ock, at the broker's 'race, Sweeting-street, a quantity of Rosia, Fa-tic, and Col Liver aad Cod Oil.--mnstd, Lerte, Havoc and Co. At twelve o'clock, at the Pnb'ic •a'eroo n, Elchange-bnild:ngs, 100 tans Fnstic.—Rooke, 01.61, and Spe .ca. At twelve creock, at the broker's °fare, 21, O'dhall-street. 182 bare Turmeric aad &omit 30 tons Ssudarawood.—Buchanan, Browne, ant Co. At twelve o'cl .ck. at the Exchange sa!ero - tm, a criantity of Gambier, Qnercitron Bark, tierr'es, Galls. Gum Arabic Sort', Gam Gedda, sod Tragacinth.—William Porter &oil Co. At twelve o'clock, at the Public saleroom, Exchange-baildings, 7 hhds. Madras Castor Oil.—Griffith, scns, and Palethorpe. At twelve o'c'o, - A, at the broker's office, 18, Hackin's-hey, 50 cases Castor Oil.—A. and 8. H. SieiBh. At twelve o'clock, at the brokers' office, 18, Chapel•strest 46 bales CoLon.—llaniel C. Buchanan and Co. At twelve o'clock, at the brokeet office, 9, Rumford-street, 4,30) bags Rice.—Whit ker, White Lead and Co, At twelve o'clo k, at the brlker.' office, 3, Ex.hange-all-y, 37 tuns Lignumvitm, 5 tons Green Ebony, and 1 . ) tons Fus ic.—J. B. 'l 11 .rusan and Co. t:Fly For particulars aea advertlsn-rtent,. - .IENZTS, PU3LIC IIEETENGS, &c. VHS PAY. TZBAIRC ROYAL —Dramath Performrn:e-7 p.m. Ro PUMICATRE—Dram ttic Performance-7 p.m. LIUIPOOL ACADEMY'S EXHIBIT ON, Postoffice-place. liscsoes WANANJB.N. EXHIBITION-10 a DI. to 10 p.m. eitATTON HALL, Clayt_n-square —Gordon Cumming-8 p.m. 1107.0. COLOSSEIIA—GeseraI Entertainment-6.30 p.m. 541.11.5 4 11 CAL GANDeN3—Grand end Varied Ent , rtalnments. For particulars see advertisements. Ett 4.1 1 0 . qttilrrn WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1857. SHE DAY'S NEWS. The Select Vestry held their fortnightly meeting yesterday, at which, we regret to say, a very foolish resolution was carried. Ten of the boys in in tile 9it li-'gi:ne.nt of Foot. Tee relatives of seven of dress; buys objected, they being so young —four of them are fourteen, and three of them thirteen years of ago. In consequence of this, the Industrial Schools Committee :ecommanded, that. atter the expiration of three minths, the relatives o f t h e boys should support them, or find them some employment. In other words, if these mere children did not enlist and become food for powder," they are to be turned out of the schools. There may patriotism in this, but there is a great deal of absurdity ;.and we cannot for the life of us think how Rector Ctnipbell could possibly vote for such an unhuman resolution. We are sorry to add that the recommendation of the committee was carried, there being cnly three disenting voices. A letter was received from the Poor Law Board, veep luting the surcharge of some £3O upon 2fr. Shaw, by the auditor, Mr. Rees. The Board are of opinion, that Mr. Rees's,_bj=.;ction to the amount would not s:and good in law, and therefore reverse his decision. We have already published the petition of the inhabitants of Calcutta to the Home Legislature. As there is not much stirring just now, it has com manded a great deal of attention, an - : its sentiments are in general actpties[!ed in.. The Linden Press are loudly calling out for the suspension, dismissal, or recal of Lord Canning. The absolute and proved incapacity of the Indian Govarnment to deal with these emergencies, to guard against which they are entrusted won extraordinary power, is a sufficient cause for su 'II a proceeding. Here is a government .which retoises all that has ever been imagined of Russian despotism. There is no check or control over the governing power eithsr in India or in England. We need not resort to any laboured argument in Proof of that; we have it in full ram pant exercise before our eyes. when, by one stroke of the Givernor-Generai's pen, the whole liberties of the 'wilfl press are swept away. It is true the I t egislative Council concut red with him, but their dissent would hay . o made no difference, for the Council is powerless to control. There is no such thing as public opinion ; for the great bulk of the English in India are Government servants, whose fortunes depend upon the good will of the (*over nor. ' . Here then," says a London cotemporary " we have the beau ideal of despotism; and we natu rally expect to find in it the good qualities which the championsof despotism claim for their favourite system—decision in counsel, freedom from routine in plan, promptitude and vigour in action. It is for these 'purposes that Engliahnien tolerate a system so utterly foreign to their habits in every other department of their empire. Well, the crisis for which such a government was tolerated has come ; and how has it fulfilled i(s promises? Has there been vigour, decision, promptitule 1)• On the contrary, have we not seen the Governthent throttled at every step it took by bands of red tape ? Has it not been wavering in council, dilatory in action, hunting for pecedents at a time when all precedents had become useless, when the ordinary landmarks had disappeared in the general deluge? The system has broken down in the first severe strain to which it was subjected. It has been condemned by those nearest the scene of action who are most familiar with its working and most interested in its succe.42. The only plea by which its existence was tolerated has broken dowr, and it now stands self-condemned. The Times, however, is in favour of the despotism of Lord Canning:—" The truth is, that we hold India by military possession. The Go vernor General's Council, is a permanent council of war, in which are discussed, or ought to be dis• cussed, the strength of defensive positions, pos sible dangers, the temper, and strength of njghbours, allies, and dependents; the possible designs of traitors and fees, and the policy of the Gov, rnment ifaelf, under these circumstances. Will any reasonable baing say that these are matters for open discussion in presence of the vast Indian population. and a thousand intriguing pretenders ! Will anybody say that the delicate questions -which have led to this mutiny, would have received NORTHERN TIMES.--LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 23. 1857 remunerated. We do little to "develope the rosonrces of the country; its roads remain impassable, and its rail ways are nnaccomplished, notwithstanding the strug gles of private enterprise, because of the delay of government officials. In morality and religion it is to be feared that European soldiers, sailors, and merchants manifest no very visible superiority over the Hindoos, and our government has for several years past openly coun tenanced idolatry, and discouraged till lately the teaching of the christian religion. Christian people at home who are meeting by hundreds and thousands to pray for their fellow countrymen in peril, and who rejoice that the executions of righteous judgment on atrocious criminals are multiplied, ought at least to be equally in earnest that tho wrongs 'of India should be promptly and effectually redressed. THE POLICE AND THEIR SPY SYSTESI. There are people who use sophistry for reason, and others who receive it as conclusive evidence. Which of these classes are most to be censured or admired it would be hard to define, for the proverb, "fools will be fools still,' remains in force to the end of the chapter. Of all the sophistry in the world, magisterial sophistry is the worst ; it is calculated to blind the ignorant, who are supposed to profit by the wisdom of lessons taught by those upon whcm the legislature has conferred the power of dispensing the laws that regulate our social position, and the duty we owe to our neighbours. A question of considerable local, if not of general importance, has recently been raised in consequence of a decision made by Mr. Jeffery io the Police-court, regarding the police being allowed to wear private clothes on Sunday morning, for the osten sible purpose of catching publicans selling liquors at illegal hours - on these mornings. We are not about in quiring into the origin of this practice by the police. We fled it in existence, and it is with the legality of the system that we are about to deal. A batch of beerhouse keepers, and some publicans, are summoned before Mr. Jeffery for an infringement of the law; Mr. Bluck raises a question on the legality of the police going about in coloured clothes instead of the usual uniform ; Mr. J .ffery ascer tains the fact that the police were iu coloured garments, and, thinking it illegal, he dismissed the complaints. For this act he has been censured and praised, very likely caring for neither, being conscious of having performed his duty to the best of his skill and knowledge, without fear, favour, or affection towards any one. The same point was raised a day or two afterwards by Mr. Cobb before Messrs. Bolton and Anderson, who ruled in oppo sition to the decision of Mr. Jeffery, Mr. Anderson, at the time, remarking that he believed Mr. Jeffery had arrived at the conclusion through mistake. Mr. Anderson then gave the reasons why the police were allowed to go on Sunday mornings in plain dress, and set the seddle on the right horse, by stating that it was consequent on an order made by the magistrates some years ago. It is satisfactory to know whence the police derive their authority, because many persons were under the impression that Major Greig was the author of the order; whilst others contended it eman ated from the Watch Committee. Here, however, we have the fact from one of the gentlemen who no doubt attended the meeting of magistrates when the order was made; and it will not, therefore, be a subject of surprise, if he upheld the order which he had already sanctioned. In upholding the order, he entered into an argument that had no more parity to the point than latitude bears to longitude; because, said he in substance, if detective policemen are permitted to go out in plain clothes to catch burglars. swindlers, robbers, and perhaps murderers, why not allow another branch of the police to go out in plain clothes to catch transgressing publicans on Sabbath mornings? Without stopping to notice the compliment paid to the publicans of Liverpool, by comparing them to offenders, such as above named—which, in point of fact' the observations, although perhaps :not intended, clearly indicate—let us come to the philosophy of the reasoning. Detective police officers, as the designation indicates, are formed for a different duty from that of an ordinary officer. The business of the detective is to arrest offenders where erime has already been committed; the duty of the ordinary constable is (if posSible) to prevent crime being committed at all. What would the chances of success be, if a detective went in uniform after a burglar ? Need we answer ? What are the chances that publicans (if any are tugc a o:ue-coateo letter. collared constable makes his appearance in his locality on Sunday morning? The answer to this 'glory is supplied by the police. Mr. Jeffery asked one of the policemen why he did not go in his uniform ? And mark his reply. It was this--" I could:mot then; catch any one doing business." " Why not ?" again asks the magistrate. " Beconse I would be recognised in my unirortn, and no business would be. done." -" Then," repli .d Mr. Jeffery, " Your presence prevents crime—you are a terror to the evil doer." This is quite true and quite right ; let the police go about in their ordinary clothes, and, according to their own testimony, no offence will be attempted. Oh, but replies the police and the advocates of this system —which we shall show to be both illegal and immoral—the 'publican will have out his spies watching us if we go in uniform, and the police cannot catch the offender at work. How many spies, let us ask, have the police out before the plain clothes spy comes, navvy-like, begging for a glass so' ale, as a tseseuee just come from St. Helen's, or anywhere else, in order to entrap the unthinking victualler ? The police know such things exist—so do we. Talk about spies at the publican's side ! the testimony of the police at once puts an end to that, for they say, if we go in uniform no business will be done. We say, then,: go in uniform, and you prevent an offence when it would be committed. Another point which Mr. Anderson dwelt on was this : the "respectable" class of pub_ !icons, he said, wished the police to go about in coloured clothes to catch those who are not respectable. The licenced victuallers society of Liverpool is a large body, and even such of the trade as are not members of that society come under the head ," respectable." If Mr. Bolton or Mr. Anderson went into a public-house in the lowest part of the town, and asked the proprietor, " Are you, sir, a respectable man ?" what think you would he the reply ? We think the question would be inapt-Anent, if not insulting, and probably the questioner would leave quicker than he entered, and after a different sort of loch_ motion. Now, we tell Messrs. Bolton and Anderson, as two of the magistrates who sit in judg neat on publicans and grant licenses, that all publicans must, under the hands of these gentlemen themselves, be " respectable," or no license would he'granted them. There is as annual licensing session, at which all licenses must be renewed, and Mr. Radley, of the Adelphi Hotel, holds the same license as the humblest man in Morybone—the latter pays for the same privilege that Mr. Radley enjoys, and obtains it. What is the primary condition up3l:whieh the license is granted? T:11" respectability" of the applic int. This is an indispensable requisite; :the min's character is sifted in all phases through almost:his lireti me, and if the slightest stain is discovered, he is refused a license. Well, then, it is useless to talk about the respectability of one class of publicans and the non - respectability of another. There cannot, according to the fact just stated, be any of the latter, for the magistrates themselves take care to prevent such from obtaining a license. As to the legality of the magistrates making an order empowering police men to assume private clothes on Sunday - mornings, for the purpose specified —we hold it to be illegal, and ;no order that the rnagistrate,rcan make Is capable of legal ising that which is iu itself illegal. A magistrate's order cannot upset the comena law of the land, nor ride rough shod over a statute. It has been stated that the order made by the magistrates was so made in consequence of a deputation fro n the licensed victuallers ; aid, indeed, Mr. Anderson said the "respectable" me nbera of the trade did not object to it, as they wanted to punish those who are not "respectable." We have shown that if there are persons in the trade who are not " respectable," the magistrates are the persons to blame for granting the license; but it would be a libel on the bench to say so, as our reports of the last two years will show several persons refused both new license and the transfer of old ones, because they were net respectable. In fact, there is a-regular standard of purgation that prevents any one but a " respectable" persoa from holding a license. Let us, however, suppose that a man, not "respectable," by some chance, gets into'possession of a license, how long can he hold it ? By no means more than a year, for if there 13 a police report against his conduct he is sure to lose his licence the next annual day. We have said quite enough 1 as to the " respectability" of the trade—a word for which we thank the magistrates. Now as to the legality of the order. Suppose the magistrates made the order on the alleged representation, what right had they to do so ? Suppose the inhabitants of the south and east of Aber cromby-square sent a deputation to the magistrates, praying that police in plain clothes might be sent every Sunday morning into the houses of the inhabitants of the north and west to ascertain what they had for breakfast, what would their worships say? Suppose the magistrates were capable of making such an absurd order, it would be just as legal as that in existence. OF what n3e is uniform ? It must have been for some purpose, for, if not, it would be just as well for all police to dress as ordinary persons. If a soldier, under any circumstance, dresses in plain clothes, he is subject to very severe punishment by a court-martial. Suppose a respectable man is awoke out of bed in the dead of night by a knocking at his door, and on looking out of his window sees a policeman in uniform, and asks him his business ? he is informed that he has a warrant to search, and says, you see who I am, you can take my number and have redress if lam wrong. Such man, knowing his innocence, will admit the officer and seek his redress for the outrage afterwards. Let a policeman in coloured clothes make such a request, and he is sure to be refused, awl if in persisting to force an entrance, he is shot, would any jury in England find a verdict against the man who shot him ? The sys tem of allowing men to dress in plain clothes opens a wide door for immorality—a policeman is promoted according to his activity in convicting persons w:lom he summon,, rather than for his intelligence and ability. We chal lenge Major Greig to deny this—and as he has all the swearing to his own side—for in cases where pecuniary penalties are the result of convictions, the pol'ceman's oath only will be heard and taken; although could the defmdint be sworn, a very different tale would bo told. We say, therefore, the system is illegal and immoral, and Mr . . Jeffery acted quite right in dismissing cases brought before him by such illegal means. If the magistrates are in doubt about the legality of the order they confess having in ode, let them apply to the law officers of the crown, and they will receive proper in tructions. We do not advocate the abolition of the illegal ru'e on other grounds, than to have Liverpool relieved from a degt adationi not to be found in any other town in the United Kingdom. No less than 14 merchants have been declare I inq3dvent at the Exchange at Censtintinople. Nearly all of them are Greeks, who hav r been spec dating excessively in corn, anl been enable, through the monetary crises, to fulfil thr.ir engagementP. TEIE Czan's MovErkteNTs —The Emperor Alexander arrived at Darmstadt, on the 17th, from Frankfort. He was recei , el at the terminus by the Grand Duke. The 141napret•er, with the Princes Alexis and Alexander, met the Emperor at Frankfort, Tu INDIA Beat r•a , FUND.—The first collection in the metropoltan churches in aid oft he fund was made last Sunday,. September 2), at the new church, S. Peter's, Notting-hill. The amount collected was £ll5. Tne sermons were preached by the Rev. J. Adams, M.A., incumbent, and the Rev. H. Harding, M.A. A society has been formed in Victoria for the prevention of horse an 1 cattle stealing It is dcsigne.l to assist is the prevention and detection of robberies of stock, by offering rewards, and by assisting iErsons who are simi larly engaged ; to make granti to per:oas who may suffer serious loss from such robberies; and to keep a registry of lost and found stock. LEWES GREAT SHEEP FAlR.—This fair took place yes terd,y. there were punned about 24 000 sharp and lambs, a number short by s?veral th ousands of the average sopdly. Pens were bespoke for 28,000, be: sal,s were made pri vately during the past week, several sharp buyers having, in the anti :ipation of a short fair and high prices, made " fore-handed" ba , gains.—Essex Advertiser. A movement was on foot for the establishment, in Mel bourne, of a fern ale refuge, for thi reception and reforma tion of M g lalenes. There can be no differfn.;e of opinfoa as to the desirabieity of such an insti ution, but much ra igi (Us acrimony has been i-np irred into the quesdm. The promo era of thia s.;lieme commenced by declaring Peetestant Evangelical principles, and thus raised sectarian division at startieg. Tess CAWNPORE MASSACRE.—FOUR MORE ENGLINTINININ SAVED.—, xtracr of a letter from Captain H. B uce, dated Cawnporo, July 31, 1857 Lieutenant Delifosse, C tpt. 'Vi.orn..triLO 1 23mtirc isarrinliy, , and two European soldiers, arc safe at Nialivarh (twenty-!'our miles down the river, on the Lecknow side), atAl all G. , neral gre at energies are being directed to their recovery." The writer adds, Tne latter part of this sentence refers not only to th Nishgurh par y, bat a'sl to some Earodeans said to be at Calpee, across the Jumna." Vra)lilA PRESS ASSOCIATION.—.k meeting of the gentle m n of (lio press has beer' hell is Nfelhourne, when a socie'y, eat' tled •‘ Toe Victoria Press Association," con sisti ig of persons C inuuced with the literary department of newspapers alai other periodicals in Victoria, was iaa igurated The object of the new ass elation is to prom it. onion and Headship among the members of the press in Vietniil, to elevate and secure the status of the Lturary profession, to faeilitite the formation of basiness engagements, and to provide inane avail:b'e for the assiet once of neeesiitoes members and their families.—Melbourne Morning _Herald, . - TtttvELs OF t LicrTna —ln the beginning o f F ebruary last, a grocer in Beau'y s n: a bank cheque to a merchant in liverness, to settle is a.:coant np to that date. S ipue days piss:id, and the expected remitt nice n arrivi - g in Inveroess, no ice was sent to B and, er s nue co r respinrience it was stringed with the bank that the cheque, if presen•e I, should not be paid, th- grocer settling his account by a nem draft. Nithing mire was heard of the missing ch qto till the other diy, when a letter from Australia was Iran led to the Inverness me Thant, contain ing the long-lost • cheque. The mystery connected • with disipp arance of the clocualeot was stated on the back of the envelope : " Returned from lle'raurne, wh 're it was received stuck into the fold of a Courier."—North Briton. INTERE.,TING CASE OP TRANSFUSION. —This operation ara; successfulli per'orrmid on Wedne - iday I set, by Mr. Wheatcrofr, surgeon, of C innnec, on the person of a woman nem,d %Vied, residing there. Inrnediat , ly af;er 11 , ?r acecuch went fearful lice urnnrrhage set in, draining the woman of blond. She felt herself dying, an sum moned her husband to her bedside, to bit him "G iid • bye," an l'earneely requested him to take c ire of the c lil ire n when she was no more. She then becarre p ilse.legi and gasping, occasional breathin .h:.iag the only indication of life. A vein was opened in her arm, and on, in the arm cf h r hush end , and as the bloot flowed frim Vie latter it was transmitted by su i t ib'e appariitne i t the veins of the wife. After selen , e,n oucces h ill been this injected, the pulse b clme perceptible, and the c dourless Lpa reldened, the glassy eye bri4i.erHrl, rad she thank f:ll,- slid, "I am better." The case has progressed very favourably. and the woman is rec bvering. Death here was literally robbed of his victim.—Staffordshire Advertiser. Tfl E Sat MOUTH OF UaRAY.—Is the Murray navigah'e 1' This important, c - natrove , sy seems likely to be revived, as one who ought to be a comparative authority has pran ninced is the affirmative. Captain Douglas, in his " Directions," mikes the fo!loaing important announcement :—" The moatia of the Murray, long dreade 1 by mariners as presenting difficulties of no ordinary nature, has, after a very minute and careful survey, been found to possess a channel far s Iperior to that generally known. It is presumed that, with orlinary care and judgment in those pirtially acquainted with the channel, and the assistance of a pilot to strangers, tcgether with the chart lately constructed, that nothing beyond the o:-- dinary risks usually met with in all coasting navigation will be eicauntered in passiag the bar in a properly con. s'ructed and aapinted steamer, at a draught of water not exceeding nine feet, due attentioa being paid to the state of the tide, the weather, ani co edition of the bl. as resp eta rollers." Cip•an Dmglas would scarc-ly make this assertion upon unreliable testimony.—Melbourne Age. NATILOTIEL HAWTHORME.—T he Washingion Union says of Mr. Hawthorne :—" Tills distinguished author has resigned the cmsulate of Liverpool, which place he has filled for four years, with great ability and credit to himself, as well as most satisfactorily to the governor nt, and to those of his countrymen with whom he has been brought into cont , c-. Hia °Mehl and personal relations with the present chief magistrate, as with the las', were of the most friendly character; but his private interes's made it desirable for him to give up his office ; and, in February last, he sent his resignation 'to a friend in' this city, to be placed at the disposal of the President after bis inaugura tion. It is understood that M. Hawthorne will, spend a year in Italy, and then return to educate his children in th-ir native land. Freedom from tho cares of office will enable this favourite writer to prepare and 'phblish a work which he has been .for some time contemplating; and as the Scarlet letter' followed his retiranent from one office, we may expect, as an.early result of this resignation, a book in no wise inferior to that remarkable romance in pour and poplarity." TELEGRAPHIC NO (By British and Irish Magnetic Telegraph) THE DIFFICULTY BETWEEN AUS# AND SARDINIA. est er The Paris Pays, semi-official journal, o f f es o i announces that the difference between Au strli d Sardinia will be immediately arrange tilt° the mediation of England. FRANCE. PA RIS, TO uy o as The Emperor will leave the camp at C hat ob 114 morrow, and will pass Luniville and Stras Stuttgardt. betl ° A tender for the line of steam packets Elavre and New York has been sent to the • tia of Finance. The capital, 16,000,00 01 . , P'S subscribed in full. The Three per Cent. Rentes closed th is t ig at 60f. 05c., being a decli ne o f 15 c . on fesfi prices. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE ATLANTIO* A i 0 0° The mail steun-ship * Atlantic arrived in the —e 3 an early hour thi s morn i ng , w i t h 33 passe ngers all' specie. The news by the Atlantic is to the san23 a 3t A e it ol f Vanderbilt, to be found i n ano th er co lumn, a m. ticipated by our special correspondent. 00 10 1 ; ' PASSENGER 3 per %tlantic from New York. -- , Johnston, Mr. and Mrs. W es t, F. W. Colematir Preston, R. E. Dixon, A. R. Chrisholm, l'Ptp.rilei' L. P. Hunt, S. G. Tiloyer, S. Wilson, aC' 1j : A. J. JAneon, Mr. and M rs tiro chil . 'i r-ii ro tr servant, S. Holrne , , Mrs. Fitzgibbon, W. Jno. O'Donaltl, A, D. Hemplull, Mrs. S)v3rsr Ur. and Mrs. P.land, anti five children ; Mr. Bar'. AUSTRALIA. The Montgomery, Captain Kiddie, which 0111 . 01 , Melbourne on the 17th of June, arrived Yes ter mo d- 0/ 1 noon. She brings about SO passengers, and 58 ' uv- 0 of gold. The captain reports being 43 dal's fr° , o V j boorne to Cape Horn, and being b ec almed seg , - g o , there. From thence she had nothing but light calms to the Western Island, where she had tirr- oti , Friday morning last. From these islands to W ee / she made the run in three days, and from W ee . to Live.rp)ol in one day—a most extraordinaryr BELFAST RIOTS. COAIKISSION OF ENQUIRY• PROM OUR OWN •CORRESPONDENT. By British and Irish Magnetic Telegraph• BELFAST, TuEsP° - 1 The Commissioners sat at eleven o'clock. Ot t John M'Cr'ochlin, proprietor of the Ulster" paper. was called for cross-examinination. e F. R. Faulkner, Esq., proceeded to cross-o,of/ Uls as to several articles which appeared in th e previous to the July and September riots. r r ho ,:efl g . read abused the Protestants and Prot e s'ant t bf B3lfast, and suggested that the . R.mlan Cathallei arm themselves. 0 4 ; Mr. M'Gloehlin said, in his opinion, the ar ti _ cl i 4 ,l/11. calculated to cause peace in Belfast—a stately"- created great laughter in court. fr ;, of 0 ,4 Mr. Wetson, a Roman Catholic, the ovvri er , 0 1 , 1 houses which had been demolished. was the 3 h e : 1 11o r f Upon cross-examination, he a''mitted that t'' - ts , most injdred, were those occupied by Protestae.od heard music playing, but he knew that th : g ti r were p'aying were not natives of Sandy-row , 39 ) stated by other witnesses. tiC ir The court adjourned at four o'clock until eleven this day (Wednesday). r ° Ifs s *V 13 The crime and outrage act, now in force i° w , og ge f i f t• ; still in operation in the city of Limerick. ' t li °4 repealed since its original enactment, thong'', 60/ . 4 °,1 is one of the enie•est citie, in lieland.—Lemeri e ' r fis v i DEATH OF THE DUKTC or WilEtTEMBUKG."'iitb .10 ness Duke Eugene of Warteml.urg died oa the ;3 ( ° ,l Ol atilis castle in Carisru'ie, in theseventieth Y h ' e P age. The deterred duke was a general to tv ,o ( 0 0 ; 1 service. • PARIS GOSSIP.—I notice ,that a subserip;i oo of the Indian victims is being organised i ti o re' l de, i The Akhbar, one of the journals of that colone r "ceiVeo 7 , that such is the case. The office of the Caisse 0 4 , 50 01 1. 0 1 Algerien is the establishment - at which the s tl ii "eei l fY t are to be received. The office of the journel la " ii hfr, is ale° open for the purpose. The sub3eriP tle mr is making some way, I am toll, a lth oug h it gi g ` c s reil ti a : l / 1 signs of life. Tne Ministers, and the authorities, are slid to have put dawn thei r ,eb t 1) , fe es , considerable amounts. I hear tha'., there is - t r i evo A .' be::efit at the Opera, anl at all the subventia° ; r bi4 order to swell the amount of the ib-cription• ft 4. the , 5 1 . 3 7 0 , really be an excellent method to appeal to of the Parisian population. Many peopl° pretty s ire, would never put tie& name to - i g n iP" O; list, would go to hear the ° Huguenots." - p h i° ° lfej Lepeltier, or "Tartuffe,' at the Theatre Frat ie3 ,io o thus to aid the work of charity. If represents,jseßior, given at the Opera, the Theatre Francais, the el oß a gt" the Opera, qtmique, the total amount realis e be something considerable. Whe n am usement ca" i g s°' to the aid of benevolence i n thi s manner it ; ao" 0 use it. te o A New FC:tIEW FOR STEAM BOATi elr e u the French navy, M. Vergne, has invented "e'fil-ftil screw, propel:er, which he calls the fisted scre w ' L ieli ° JO prvement founded on a very niv ob serv • il elß ./e d Pi e direction teeter; by the particles of the water d 15 ,40 t , repelled by the screw. A commission was TY 00', 1 1 0 , 1/. , compare the working and results of the t screws. The persons composing it enehirk,_ e ho , 3t, ° , on beard, the Vigilant, anion steam deseate ß you' 14 - : horse power, fitted with the ordinary screw% o isfe l s til e e 'j were made along a me isared distance ; then til l geta r he lg replaced by tint of M. Vergne's invention, a° ti lts "„ji", trips were made alert; the same line. The res od, ngio: a gain of 17 per cent in speed with the teeN s C i r vlb r „je r almost total suppreslion of that disegreeahle,i, r ag used in screw s'eamers, a n d w hi c h i n s mall ye gl i ; e afi c o:,{ it necessary to make the binder part of the B bil) de o° 6i ti more costly th in it otherwise need be. The hi t l - bs ob• been raised wl ether the same advantages viol' lief ° die l in laree vessels. 6ome scientific persona be P r 3 00 tii 4 would, even in a greater degree and give re e st, j , belief. This qu-stion will soon be set a' r ate 'lO Emperor has ordered the experiment to be re g n e e n tietl f ° tit time on a ship of the line. As far as the il 3 rit jeti o et been tested, it seems well deserving the atS e English naval engineers. ~~..~~ The !Arrived ate ofl te ed,ed on °4B bri She left 12tb, and two, a.m. The E ui Ther e i s Reeves tanufact'n thira of &he liabi ° ther f a il, inform e the eire u i, redeem e d i ns'ant ' a t the Th e m i bu t it brit Th e ~, th e Na toll v'l °° e; but 1 f or the la, . Lieuten 1,4 Griffiui Pry. 0:11 1, 44 T he I 1 1 8 The t n INlel be! : 18t 3.llB: i i:Ve l ° ; .. b ell" S iV bentlis -.ot y et al , The t from Ar e , o f /51,,. bhas 1, ec ueet oth a batin g a be at► Ce ßsi of th t° di THE a safer handling had it been discussed in public, and reported in newspapers all over India! We don't think they would." The Daily Neuv proposes Lord Elgin as the new Gwernor General of India—" Had the government at all anticipated such a revolt, Lord Canning would never have tree n sept to India. There was apparently serious work to be done in China, and then Lord Elgin was called in. But in India the rule ought to have been, not confidence in our position, nor a belief that it was safe to send a mediocre person ; but mistrust., and a discredit, that -Ay man, however wise, able, or experienced, could really fathom our situation there. As it is, Lord Canning is placed in a position for whiela those nearest to 'him hold him to be unequal, and for which there is nothing, either in his antecedents or his acts, that can in spire confidence in those at a distance'!" At •a meeting in support of the Indian Relief Fund which was held in London, on Monday ever ' inc,t, the Rev. Dr. Wilson, the rector of the parish, read a very interesting letter frc m his father, the Bishop of Calcutta. The venerable prelate took a very gloomy view of the state of affairs at the time his letter was written, and says that General Wilson makes the alarming statement that Delhi cannot be assaulted without the probable loss of 10;000 men, Another boat accident has occurred on the River Ribble, by which we regret to say five lives have been lost. Five men left Preston, by boat, for Lytham, on Saturday, and arrived there the same day. They left Lytham at four o'clock on Sunday for the purpose of returning to Preston. They were seen entering the Ribble, but nothing was heard of them until Monday, when the boat was found ashore on the banks of the river, two miles from Lytham. There was the body of a man near it, but the other bodies are missing. Another of those brutal exhibitions, known as prize fights, came off yes'erday, near Tilbury, between Ben Cqunt, and Langan. The former was declared the winner after a fight of one hour and forty minutes The first seizure of obscene books and prints made under Lord Campbell's new act, was made yesterday in Hplywell and Wych-streets, London. Dr. Bowen, the new Bishop of Sierra Leone, was consecrated on Monday. He is the third bishop who has been appointed since the establish ment of the see in 1854. A metropolitan print adds :—" We are sorry that the Government should resolve upon sending another Englishman to the deadly climate of Western Africa, when there was an African clergyman in the person of Mr. Crow ther, who was eminently qualified to occupy even the highest offiee in the Anglican Church." The continental news is rather interesting this morning. Cholera continues to make numerous victims in StoLdtholtn. At Upsal it is sa had that desolation and panic prevails, and at Christiansund 300 persons have been carried ofl•. In Norway also it is committing sad magi s, and it has broken out with great violence at. Kortngsberg, attacking its victims without any premonitory symptoms. Most of the eases prove fatal. A note from the - Danish Gitvernment has been presented to the Cabinet of St. Petersburg on the affair of the Duchies. It sets forth the reasons which, in the opinion of the Dan;sh Cabinet. prevent the affair being submitted to the exclusive decision of the Germanic Confederation. A simi lar despatch has been presented by the Danish minister at Paris to Count Walews A. It is pro bable that the question will be seriously examined in a European point of view by the two Emperors at Stuttgardt. Feats are entertaine•. - 1 of new disturbances at Leghorn. Th. , 3 number of persons that are to be tried, who were implicated in tha movement of June, am - unt to about 70, but it is not known when the trial will take place. It is said that the Bay of. Tunis, in order to secure hirnaelf in the 'possession of his dominions, has asked the protection of France. The States General of the Kingdom of H >Hap' were ope ied ou MoLsd'ay by the King. In the speech from the throne, th Dutch people are informed that their affairs abroad and at li. me are in the most peaceful and prosperous condiftm ; and internal impr)vements, material and lega', are annonneed. We hyle four Gays later news from America by 4* , v.. rs ridawhilt_ n failures were announced on the New York S'o3k Exchang,.. The most important was the suspen sion of Messrs. William J. Bell and Co , bankers, whose assets, however, wore sail to largely exceed their liabilities, and they confidently expected soon to resume payment. The Convention with New Granada was signed at Washington on the 10th. The Tehuantepec ques'ion has been set!bd at Mexico by the annulment of both the Glray and Sloo grants. Tlya municipal elution at Leaven worth, KaAsas, resulted in the elt?,c•:ion of the Free State ticket ny 200 majority. The vomito was abatino. at Vera Crenz. The t. Mont.norancy arrived in the Mersey yester day afternoon, from Melbourne, wi - h upwards of 50,000 - ounces of gold. • Jr. would puzzle the wisest philosOpher and the cleverest politician of the present day to give anything like an accurate idea as' to the exact character and the true causes of the revolt in India. It is next to impossible to state how far - the outbreak should, be assigned to religious fanaticism—what influence has been exercised_ by_ the impulses of caste or race—wheth er th e mutiny was occasioned by the Hindoo or Mahommedan ; if both, how far each contributed to the affair : nay, more, we have also to answer whether the mutiny of different regiments at so many places and times is to be traced to anything approaching an arranged and_ organised con spiracy among the natives. Now, upon these and such like points the news by the last Over land Mail leaves us quite ignorant, equally so as when the first tidings of insurrection reached us in May last. Daring the time that has inter vened—four months—although intelligence. p ain• ful and thrilling in the extreme has ben reaching us from every quarter of the disaffected provinces, still they do not contain anything which approach a solution of the queries we have just propounded. UP to the present moment we are in the dark as to any tangible reason which can be assigned for the rebellion in . Bengal. Can it be that the Ailing powers, either in Downing-street or Cal cutta, know more of the state of India than the country at large. Our own opinion is, that neither in Leadenhall-street nor at the Board of Control—neither by Lord CANNING nor by Lord PALMERSTON —does the true origin or the final tendency of the revolt seem to be understood or appreciated more accurately or certainly than by the veriest ordinary reader of a newspaper. Such, a state of things is mortifying. It places the present military contest in which We -are engaged beyond the ordinary category of such conflicts, and suggests an inexplicable difference between the existing struggle' and any o ther in which the British nation has hith3rto' been engaged. We have often been plunge d into extensive and perilous wars ; nevertheless, we knew with considerable accuracy the_ objects and the strength of the enemy. We could also estimate with considerable precision the amount of force we had to employ ,to ,frustrate his designs as well as arrange before hand the terms upon which we would agree to a cessation of hos tilities. At the present moment we cannot do this with regard to India. Daubt and uncer tainty besets our path on every side, and each succeeding mail records same events, unex ampled and unexpected, on which we had not calculated. As an illustration of our argument, we may just mention that the last Overland Mail brings us intelligence that Dinapore had fur nished its contingent of four regiments of Sepoys to the mutiny. This we cannot help regarding as a disastrous outbreak, as it placed Benares in peril, and had interrupted the trunk road along which reinforcements were being sent to Delhi, Yet the very troops which revolted at Delhi had done good service a few days before they refused allegiance to the British commanders, and had actual:y been engaged in defeating the mutineers. The Government and the officers in command had no reason to suspect their fealty to the British flag. Each and all believed them faithful to its honour and glory ; but they, from some motive which appears inex plicable, turned round, and aided the savage actions of the Delhi miscreants. Here we cannot help remarking that had General LLOYD been as sagacious and energetic as he should have been, the Dinapore tragedies would not have taken place. According to the most authentic advices, we are given to understand that it was entirely through his imbecility and want of foresight that several Europeans met a cruel and a barbarous end. But the mutiny at Dinapore is only one of a class among which we may include the outbreak at Kolapore, belonging to the Bombay Presi dency. What appears to be the guiding princi ple of action in one portion of the mutinous districts is discarded in the other, show ing that among these Indian rebels there is an absence of unity of action, and that there is not much wisdom in the counsels by which their movements are directed. While this is so, the most provoking diversity of opinion appears to prevail in the sentiments pro mulgated by the most experienced officers on the spot; and the conclusions arrived at by the writers in India, London, and elsewhere is, that religion, and an assertion that an affront had been offered to the high caste prejudices of certain Bengal Sepoys, were the chief causes of the mutiny. And while such an opinion pre vailed, there was cause to expect that the mutiny would not proceed further than Bengal ; that it would be confined to the regiments corn poled of Brahmin and RAjhperot Hindoos, and that the Mahommedan -portion of the native army was safe. Subsequent events have shown that these calculations were not accurate, for now both Hindoo and Mahommedan troops are against us in the struggle, and we fear that the great festival of Mohurrun, which began on the ....a uILIuIV, w uuLu Lela a Tearful tate against British prestige in India. We might continue citing' fact upon fact to show that both caste and religion are ranged against us in India, and that the chief rulers. whom we least suspected, •are- our bitterest foes in the contest. Nor can the Indian autho rities sent out from this country be held entirely blameless. Take NENA Suira and JUNG BAHA- Molt as an example. Reliance was placed on the one—the proffered assistance of the other was rejected. What says Lord CANNING to this ? The people of Calcutta, demand his recall. The Board of Control have a heavy account to settle with the Briti,h nation. WHY lIAS INDIA REVOLTED ?—.l century has elapse] since tha ' triumph of our arms" gave us a footing in India, ant, by a succession of victories p, iced us as conquerors, in possession of a heathen c, untry, Had ih power placed i i our hanls been properly directed, the present deplorable rebeili in might possibly have been p evetit:d. Instead of missionaries to preach the Gospel in an unenlightened country, it shonld have been our era y to intro.:lnc:3 its doctrines by. degrees, by the establishment of schools throughout the empire, and to hwe initite.ei the rising generation in the Bible tru hs, and by education hayea?pornplished that which can oaly now be, done by fOrci of arms. But the ambition cf wealth has preceded all other considerations, and so long as the East India Cop/3mq and our merchants mid And a_ profitable trading, other ear.sii.e-alions have been neglected. M y tie Sew, fit by past experience; and direct onra'tention, hereafter, to the sp:ritua' improvem nit of so vast a rooulltion,' whic‘a "it has please] the A'rnighty to pl ice un British vvecn ment. Let national schools ba established in every popul ,us district, and let the l'ght of the Gospel shine tbieuzbout Ingia; anl- then we may look forward to an Almighty blessing on our rule, and that peace and con tentment will hereafter be its asscciates.-,Commtinicated. THE WnONGS or INDIA.—A London cotemporary of yesterday, publishes the following :—The liberty of the press, which continues in England, permits us to ask whether the causes of the present terrible outbreak are to remain without prompt examination and remedy ? We have "sown to the wind and reaped the whirlwind;' let us learn at once to give up our employment. The causes c f our calamity it is.not ycry difficult to discover Enormous territory has been acquired by us. how we came by it is very questionable . ; but it is certain th'at we have governed it with much indifference to righteousness and truth. We have levied an amount of taxation grossly excessive, and , in. modes . most injurious and severe. It is not commonly kuown, but it is a fact, that our Indian fellow subjects have been taxed to the extent of 53 days' labour in the year, per head of the population; in England we pay to the:extent only of 13. We tax the land at an enormous cost of collection, and expose the cultivator to unbounded oppression and robbery. We - tax the salt, which is especially required by - the poorer classes, and in price and adulteration we raise it nearly one thousand per cent. We monopolise the growth of opium, and sell it to intoxicate - the Chinese, and so obtain an eighth of our Indian revenue. In the administration of justice, our judges have shown themselves ignorant, stupid, and without ex perience.' Our courts for natives have been• distinct from t hox for Europeans, enormous charges are levied for privileges of litigation; our native officials practice, without rebuke or hindrauce,t he most unlimited extortion and bribery, and we still often combine in one person the office of magistrate anel collector of revenue. Europeans in the pay of Government received immense salaees. and ,devolved their work Ph ,Slll.4.rdiliateS who are miserably