Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1857-11-04 00:00:00

SMITHSONIAN HOTEL,' BaoiewAT, Corner of Ironer or-STINICr, Nave. Ft:mit. Ne.o2od 111 1101101 Ir of the SMITHSONIAN INSTITOTION, Established at WAsatxaroN, by the U. S. CONGRESS, With Finds bsqueathel by Jam Es SMITHSON, of ENGLAND. gulag the Friendship of the OPFICEA3 of tll3 NATIONAL INSTITUTION Is conductei on the System of Hotels in ENGLAND. CHAS. 11. SMITH. TO THE RLECIDR; OF LIILE-STREET WAR D . GENTLEMEN, —Permit me ta return you my si:2cere thanks for the honour you have again sonferred upon me, in returning me unanimously for ill° fourth time, is one of your representatvas in the To xn council. Be assn. - fed, ttfi4 mark of your approval of my past conduct, is highly valued by me; and belipve me to be ever yours faithfully, &NIES JOHNSON. L,ndon.rotd. 2nd N ovember. 1857- TO THE KLBerwits uP ecuTLINu WARD. GENTLEMEN, —I beg t) return you my grate ful thanks for the honour Which you conferred upon me yesteniay in Elec•irg m 3 a 3 one of lour LtE PRES ram ES to the Town Conned; and assure yon that I s!vAlt ever cs• - e my best Worts to merit the ,:on'fidence yoa have Gen:l repo nemend in me. I am , Your obliged and hutnYe 'err _nt, JAMES C.:Kt:LEIN. =eAefield'lonse. West Derby Reid, ?xi Nor, TO THE 418 LIBEIt %I, VOTERS OR EVERTON ANU KIRKDA.LE WARD• GENTLEMEN, —I will not conceal from you that I am deeply disappointed wi•h the result of the Election; tor though I did not wish to undertake the arduous duties of a Town Council' ,r, I did trust that the pLinciplea in which Me believe would , have carried the day. I have now, gentleman, but cordially to think you for the confi dence you have shown in me, by recording your suffrages in my favour, and to express my firm Lelief that the time is not far distant, when the ofin one for whichyou have at' uggled on this occasion will be held by the majority of our fellow-townsmen. Your obeli itt servant. 7. Water-s , reet, 3rd Novemliet, 1857. GEORGE MELT'. 4,bLU6E.,IE.N la, Ptik.SLIA: &u. THIS DAY. TREATS' ROTRL—Prolp3sor Anderson-7 p... RoTAL A MPUITIIRATRE—D funatil PO r form an ce-7 p.m. Namiamin.'s CIRQUE VARIETE, tale-street--7 p.m. LIVERPOOL ACADEMY'S E%QIBIT,ON, Postoffice-place. ALLsor's WAx worm EXIIIBITION-10 a DI. to 10 p.m. aura. CoL)sssuu—Geaeral Entert For particulars see advertisetr eats. i.te 14,ort4erit i(stiiiell WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1857. THE DAY'S NEWS. An official report of the minutes oc a meeting, hell at the Borough Built, will be found in another part of to-dayls impression. All deposits of and under £2OO will be forthwith eefunded• Depositors of sums above ec:2oo will be supplied with bills extending aver pet iods of six, twelve, and eighteen months, such bllls to bear iatereat at the rate of 7 per cent. This, on the whole, is a much more satisfactory termination of the -B ink suspension than was anticipated, seeing that the negocia.tions with the brink of I.4;ngland ended whhout any aid being granted to the Borough Bank. liirldale`Qaaeter Session, were opened yester day, Lord Stanley, M.P., cheirmen, presiding. After the usual routine boeiness had been disposed of, a reost interesting decument from the chaplain of the gaol was road. It was a complete epitome of all the commitments-for the past three months, and the worthy chaplain at great length, and with much force, deplores the increase of drunkenness Certainly, from the fearful list -of crimes committed under the influence of ititoxication, as instanced by the chaplain, the baneful etLets of drink seem to be increasing. A full report of an ex'raordinary ease wruch came before the magistrates yesterday, will be feund iu another column. Mr. Gough. master of the West Derby Workhouse, was summoned by a woman, late one of the paupers in that .Union, for the maintenance of a child, which the complainant avers Mr. Gough is the father of. The investiga tion occupied upwards of four hours, but the pee- Biding magistrate., Mr. Holme, dismissed the sum mons, being of opinion that the evidence brought forward by the complainant was not sufficiently corroborative. Yet, Mr. Jelolme's decision was " - without any prejudice," leaving it for.the option of Council to take further proceedings, should he think proper This, it is uederstood, will be done. A eno-thee of 111... of Tae "roxteth Park Commissioners hell a meeting yesterday. Tee most important portion of the pro ceedings was that relating to the maoted question of incorpktrating the rural district of Tox - -etii Park with the borough of Liverpool. The Committee a ppoiuted to inquire into the subject, after doecribing the advautag-s and disadvautages which would accrue to the parish or township of Toxteth by such amalgamation, say that the suggested incorpora tion with the borough would be in no respect injuriou either to the owners of property or to the ratepayers• On the contrary, many minor advan tages may .he anticipated in aiditioo to those before refearred to, as, for -example, ueity of managemeot, additional foot-erassings and lamps, the watering of the roads, 1567. ; these latter convenienees,the Board have not felt justified in providing, though the cost is small, as the area of of taxation iseao limited. If it be further considered that there iN a-ery great diffi.iulty in securing upon the Board the services of the number of gintiemen specift ad by ithe,act, your committee think that the suggested incorporation will appear to be .vety desirable; anal that year by year, tifs the _popula tion inereasFs, rtn4 -the district becomes more and more assimilated to Liverpoo', the expediency of such a measure will grow into art urgent necessity. Your Committee, therefore recommend the.:;a spe cial meeting of theeeetenayers be convened for the consideration of the. sujeet, with a view to the ()peeing of the resaieite negociation ,- , should the: StliNeacion of incocoovation be approved ,a 1 by the meeting." The inquest on thebody,of the woman asiardered at Woolton,on SundaT, witlbe held this day. The magistrates ;have already„oc.. , inmitte,;!. the accused, An , ireov O'Brien, on 4 . el - ear e o) of wilful murder. The victim ie an old %alma:4, Mary Molyneur..by name, the inether-n-law of the prisoner, and who resided at. Muela Wooltonesa.village about six miles from Liverpeo.l. She Was .a.pul‘zon of some means. and it appears ;that a shere..time ago she lent tire prisoner £5OO, which has not .yet been repaid. O'Brien and his wife went Kit to Woolton on Friday anl Mrs. O'Boien .stayed with her • husband at tle. souse of Mrs• eYolyneux until Saturday afternoon, wizen she left .him there, and re`urneo to Liverpoe!. O'Brien is ;person of very dr-tmken habits, and generally whernhe visited his mother-h.-law was inz4xicated, upolt this oceasiori. On Sunday ,morning Lea,sked for sanne whiskey, a gill of whiee,ll was give to him by Mrs. Molyne.ux. 'The prisoner and biz au:tater-in-law were le l:, alone Loge her that aftern.ooe, And when Mrs. Mule, the landlady .of the to arse, returned, she fonoti that the prisoner bad during thin-inter val destroyeol old Mrs. Molneux by serangnlation, and by loroelting her head violently upon the landing. ‘`.g.h,e. whole neighUurhood kva s .astir Buspicii - Qs-ndaies Laving 1.)..An beard in the hou,e as 01' some versons seuflE:l4 and tcompin., ! , alternated with heavy thurnpa an the tl4ar, by several people . either residing near' or passkg the spot. \T en ,que.l;tinned be;ore the magistrates previous to his eninFjittal he said, 1' I wish to uvOce no s`a•ement, but,:ih at I did it under a feeling that I was bound to do .it. I was in such a state that I never was before tram drink, and J saw I/2C pictur,q4 all moving rn.und me. If I had been in my rielit; mind I wculd railer have loaf my live than have taken ha.r'!:. A tnee - ing of the Select Vestry was hell yi!ster clay, but uo business of inapertan.co was transacted. Some conversation occurred about the rating ()I the DaclN, Aro i t h as been dotermined that a cornmu be made to au) Town Council on the subject. We it sated in sonic of or London c,,tem poraries, thu fir Alexander Co kburn, Lord Cuief Justice of 111,0 ; 0(ml - 110n Pleas, will be iaised to the peerage forthwith, and that Mr. Justiee Cresswell lals accepted 013 post of Judge of the new Court of Prob4te. It lets long been known that the learned Judge intendo4 to leave the bench 4112rniz .44 at tbg elos4 9f the pt - ezeilt tem. rt! -Vs THE NORTHERN TIMES. LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1857. he 'being entitled to his retiring pen sion. Sir H. S. Keating, the recently appointed Solicitor-General, has, it is said, been offered the puisne Judgeship in the Court of Common Pleas, which will become vacant by the retirement of Mr. Justice Cresswell, and has accepted the appoint ment. Of course speculation is rife amongst the lawyers as to the Solicitor-Generalship. Amongst those freely spoken of are Mr. Atherton, M.P., Mr. Collier, M.P., and Mr, We'shy. The Atrocities committed ou board ships at sea will never be fully revealed to the eyes of the public. Captains of vessels out of port says a London paper, " feel themselves relieved from all immediate responsibility, and give loose to the devilish passions which lurk in the hearts of all men, waiting for their oppertunity. The hanging of Captain Rogers, at Liverpool, a few weeks since, for the cruel murder of one of his seamen, will do but little to deter this class of petty tyrants. The Americans, however, are much worse than our own commanders. Particulars of a very ferocious attempt to murder on board a New York ship, out from Sunderland on 'Friday, have reached us. The captain seems to have been ex asperated at having to pay for some damage, and wreaked his ill humour on one of his sailors, who told him the ship was under manned, by cutting him down with an axe. What murder may have been committed is not known, as the pilot dropped over the stein for safety. Means have been taken to intercept the vessel, and bring the ruffian to justi•es."_ _ _ Our domestic trews is of some interest this morning. Yesterday, the launch of the steamer Great Eastern, was commenced, but we regret to say that a very serious accident happened to her —a full report of which we give elsewhere. The Surrey Gardens Company held erneeting on Monday, After an animated discussion, the liepert of the . Committee, appointed by the share lniders, was carried ; as, also, was a resolution dispensing with the services of certain of the Directors. The minority have, however, appealed to the ballot box, so that the actual result has yet to be determined. Da Salvi, convicted the other day of man slaugh:.er, in stabbing Mr. Robertson in the Qteeri's Bench prison, has been sentenced. The sentence merely repeated the one pronounced on the former conviction, fifteen years' penal servitude —to commence, however, from the date of' the second conviction. A correspondent sends us a report of another of thcse murderous crimes which have stained the land with blood during the lest few months: This is a highway murder of a farmer near Colchester, for a sordid object—the possession of the unfortu nate mrc's money, which was trifling in anioun*. The nrirderers had ❑ot been apprLhended, but justice was on their track. - The ne As from abroad this morning isinteresting The Belgian ministry has resigned, and the King has sent for M. de Branckere. The gravest piece of intelligence is, however, from Frankfort. The co:itre.versy between the King of Denmark and his subjects in the Fede'ral States of Holstein and Laueuburg, has been brought to the know ledge of the Diet, and a commission has been appointed to report on the legal nature of the case. It was for some time expected, that Austria would separate herself in this afrAir from her German confederates ; that she has not done e) gives additional importance to the proceedings just commenced at Frankfort. For the first time in his:ory the whole of Federal Germany, a cluster of States numbering mare than seventy millions of people, has stepped forward to vindicate the dig nity of the Federal constitution, voluntary imposed upon themselves. but which hitherto has remainad little more than a dead letter. Menacing as the contest with Denmark has thus become, there is one rc-assuring feature in it. A body, cornpcsed as the Con federation of Germany is, can never be brought to ce.operate excepton strictly legal grounds and in legal form. It is only suited to the defence of existing rights, and leeks the unanimity of feeling necessary for ageression and conquest. It must be expected that the law, and nothing but the law, will he insisted on by the Diet. And in th:it case Denmark will be unable to refuse it. News from Vienna indicates the formation in the European provinces of rtirkey to he en the increase, while the Rottman PrincipAtip.9,pgq,ln xf:rtyin'it, 'n in Send:, while interior dissensions have seized even the Greek church itself iii Bulgaria, we now hear of plots against the Tur kish rule ia a province •hitherto considrred one of the buttresses of Turkish military strength, namely, Albania. The telegraph !foes not inform us whether these plots proceed from the Christian minority or the Mahommetan majority in Albania, but previous events make it prebable that the latter are the movers. The Peninsular mail has arrived. The yellow fever rages with unabated fury at. Lisbon. Nearly all business was suspended. The Engli,h Govern ment had refused a Portuguese Contingent of 5000 men for Italy. IT will ever remain a remarkable fact, that, although this country is placed in a peculiar, and anything but an encouraging position, it is with out its Parliament being in session, nor does there seem to be any great wish expressed that the Ministers should assemble at much, if at all, before the ordinary period. We are engaged in a life-and-death struggle with a revolted empire, containing a population of more thin one hun dred millions of souls. Oar Bauk3 are beginning to totter, and the co:nmercial class all but com pelled to close their doors from want of discount accommodation. Yet the members of the Cabi net enjoy their holidays, and both Lords and Commons" are allowed to rusticate in the coun try, or amuse themselves in shooting and hunting. If ever there was a time when the collective wis dom of the nation -should be assembled at the Palace of Westminster, it is jost now—not that we are the advocates ,for the long debates and endless ..voting, which are the common character i6tics of the British Parl:aintMt. The two great matters which press up )n tis as a nation are the Indian mutiny ,and the monetary and commercial crisis, which ha' , :-aE , samed a most formidable and forbidding aspect. With rega-d to the former, we were led to believe that its cost would be cornparaiively trifling, but enough has already taken place :toasbow that the expense will ulti mately be such as to exercise a material influence upon the taxation of the country. An army, or armies, amounting to over 50,000 men, cannot be transported nearly 20,039 miles, and supplied with all the warlike material and provisions requisite to an efiJetive campaign against bosts of armed enemies ani an unfriendly population, for less than several millions of pounds sterling. In proof of this, vre 117.ve only to notice the fact, that the East India Company, after haying apparently ex hanited all its slvings, by the stoppage of the pay of is Bengal army, has already appropriated three millions of railway deposits, and borrowed from the reserve fund of the Bank of En .4 l auc s, on e million. Bit as matters have b!eu going on, this is only the convnencement of the cost of the Indian mutiny. The affair has assumed such proportions, Oita it would be difficult to guess when, a,nd at what amount,the expenditure is to end. Certain it is, that the East India Company :a not in a position to defray the "sum total." Shall the British Government then step forward to aid 'the Leadenhall-street ectors ? We should say they must; or what is probably the most likely thing, they will annex India to the British Crown, and undertake the Com pany's liabilities. In any case, the people of the United Kingdom have before them the certainty of increased taxation, or what amounts to pretty much the same thing, a considerable augmenta tion to the national debt. Despite the sanguine pre _fictions of many of our metropolitan and pro vincial co`emporaries, who insisted that the mutiny would be instantaneously snuffed a little or no cost to the Indian exchequer, and thaw our borne and foreign trade was, and would con tinue, prosperous. We have seen the reverse of all this, so that in a commercial and financial point of view, our position is cri'ical indeed. As to the general panic which has been looming in the dis'ance,we are very far from desiring to be alarmis's. Nevertheless, it is impossible to con ceal from the mind that as matters now s.and, unless some relief come in from some quarter, the trade of the country, both home and foreign must, be greatly jeopardised, and the industrial classes, above all others, compelled to endure hardships and privations of no small extent. if we look to the west, gloom and despondency is the order of the day, and although many parties on the other side of the Atlantic were disposed, at the date of our last advices, to think the culminating point of the crisis in the United States had been passed, still the notion of speedy relief from that quarter cannot be expected. At home we hear of bank and com mercial failures. One disaster of the kind engenders another, and although the wealth of England is unbounded, and far greater by a hundred fold than her liabilities, still there is sufficient just now to rouse the fears and damp the ardour and the hope of the most sanguine. We have thus written to show that this is not a time for the nation's representatives to be scattered over every part. of the United King dom and the Continent of Europe. If Lord BROUGHAM be correct in the sentiments he delivered at Penrith, on Wednesday, the recon struction of India, and the devising of proper plans for the future government of India, will he a work of much time and anxious solicitude. From what has transpired in India, it is quite evident that the East India Company's rule must be changed. Means must be devised to bind with the links of loyalty a disaffected people, and all experience, not only of the native population - of llindostan, but the 'uncivilised people of every other foreign country, prove that this can only he done by improving their condition in a moral and social point of view, developing the natural resources of their land, and finding employment, uy .11t1 exercise of industrial and provident habits. To do all this requires lengthened and earnest deliberation, Crude and hastily digested schemes for the amelioration of the people of India, will do more harm than good. For these reasons, were there no other, Parliament should be called together without delay. But there are additional grounds why the prorogation should terminate. Increased tax ation, as we have already shown, must follow the Indian campaign, and the wheels of commerce are clogged so, that that most important machine, so essential to the greatness of the nation at large, and the comfort, happiness, and prosperity of all classes of the people, has come to an almost stand-still. It is indispenrable when a people have increased burdens to bear, that they should know their nature and extent, and the cause of their imposition. This should be known as early as possible, so that all parties may take into account their exact position, and prepare to meet the pecuniary demands which Parliarnen. may authorise the Government to enact. Fur thermore the commercial crisis may not be so easily surmounted as many suppose ; and as we earnestly hope it may, then surely it is requisite that Parliament should be in Session. so that if matured and passed into law, whereby the trade and commerce of the country shall be assisted in their pressing difficulty, and the industrial classes saved from the hardships and privations which scanty and ill remunerated employmen , and high priced provisions must entail upon th em and their families. We repeat our convicion, that Parliament -should be assembled to deliberate upon • all the many and serious difficul les which surround the best interests of England, and 'be glory and honour of her gigantic and valuable Colonial Empire, Txn wise King SOLOMON tells us, that "A false-balance is .abomination to the Lord; but a just weight is his delight." We are sorry to see that this inspired declaration is not only neglected but despised, and that many persons who have great pretensions to honesty —aye, ,and res pectability too,—are to be found engaged in their ordinary pursuits as tradesmen and trades women who use false weights and measures. ' Independent of the dishonesty and immorality of such practices, they are illegal ; and hence it is that from time to time batches of persons, in fringing the Act of Parliament, are brought before the magistrates to answer for their im proper conduct. It is somewh at amusing to learn the various subterfuges of evading the law, and dealing with false weights and measures. It is not, however, for the purpose of referring to these cases in particular. that we now write. As the law at present stands, it is insufficient to correct the very serious crime of using false weights and measures. The skill • and ingenuity of those persons who make a practice of cheating the public by a false balance, or a deficient weight or measure have become proverbial, and like the renowned ANDER SON, who is nightly astonishing thousands of our fellow townspeople at the Theatre Royal by his feats of magic, they can cheat you to your very face, and thereby put their hands as it were into your pocket, and extract from it money, to which they have no just right or title. We are at all times glad to commend the magistracy, when they come forward and express their ab horrence of dishonesty, and also intimate their determination to grapple with, and put down the evil. For this reason, we heartily approve of the appropriate and telling observations of Mr. Alderman HOLME who was oae of the presiding magistrates, before whom the deficient weights and measures summons cases were heard last week. Mr. HoLstis was quite right when he characterised the practice of using false weights and measures, as an offence equally as dishonest and heartless as the conduct of the highway robber, who pounces upon his victim, and calls upon him to "stand and dsliver." Indeed, in our estimation he is much more culpable, The "Highwayman" attacks you openly ; his " demand" is satisfac tory evidence of his intentions, robbery by threat, or robbery by force, which ever you please; but his encounter w;th you signifie s robbery by all means. It is not so with the man or woman who cheats, by false weights and mea sures. He or she will assure if asked, that they are" all right," and if need be, seal their dis honesty, by asservalions of the most solemn and serious kind. You are not only cheated o f the deficiency of the weight, but subjected to be duped by means of " false pretences." For every one guilty of the practice of using a fdse balance, or deficient weights and measures has recourse to false pre tences to carry on their nefarious doings. Ano ther consideration connected with this matter is the circumstance that it is the poorer classes who are the chief victims to this genteel system of " plunder," " petty larceny," and " false pre tences." The upper and middle classes can. and do go to procure whet - they require, to the better class of tradesmen, who woald rather cut off their right hand than be suspected of denuding their measures of a hair-breadth of their legitim ate extent, or th , ,ie weights of the smallest pos sible portion of what the law assigns to each. Oa the other hand, the poorer classes are, from a coinbinatioa of circumstances, obliged to deal in places where their flour, their butter, bread, tea, and sugar—in fact, every commodity relating to provisions y tdett l h i hihel o ar teeeutiadse humbler us t il i dclhemt o eb:i üba d ait sntlytaetel: n sinririal)set e ytythis c cidoit e aoliie:a:u s fftsasesa s ittielisyl i elerela r lrrcs i r iiiw.r e gseno s si persons who hair-ounce *eight, an ounce off the half-pound, h and a couple of ounces off the pound weight ; or, failing that, to use a balance that tells against the bf , tss% v:yyst t oimohm. l t: i fltiir e .oilp: n irclhlue , i ewtfaard i e sntlicr,tltyriaaaheiktnra:hei cannot that tsdt repro bation, lenta t bdoli one dy i eef s buyer, less or more according to the cupidity of atrarh c r ii tee e se t f t I r a s l o l alte---‘lllvpsuerhitioli;":eLi2aLttirislaielelofaiy.aieas.sold severity. When a boy or a girl steals from you a pocket handkerchief, he or she will be sent to gaol, pro bably to hare tread-mill practice —aye, and as fir. Alderman LM very properly observed, the magistrates arc, by the law as now exist ing, compelled to send a poor lad to gaol for taking a loaf to satisfy his hunger, whilst the shopkeeper is allowed to plunder the public wholesale, and get off with a fine." This is an imperfection in the criminal code. The habit of using a false balance, or deficient weights and measures, is dishonesty of the rankest character—dishonesty concocted and carried on by means of " false pretences," and, looking at the crime in a moral and social aspect, should rank and be punished with the petit felonies which so generally figure upon our assize and sessions' calendars. We entirely agree with Mr. Alderman HOLME when he said, that the punish ment awarded to the offence was quite unequal to its magnitude and enormity. It may be said that a fine of 51. is a pretty smart punishment for the crime in question. Were it a first offence we might be disposed to regard it so, for, no doubt, many parties may unconsciously be guilty of using deficient weights and Measures. But after an admonition and a conviction, there can be no excuse. It is studied and determined dis honesty; and as we punish habitual robbers and felonious criminals, so would we deal with any person using false weights and deficient measures —imprison then " without bail or mainprize." As surely as the officers of justice handcuff the convicted burglar and the professional thief, so surely would we " ruffle the wrists" of any one guilty of robbery by means of a false balance,' or deficient weights and measures. An example or two of this kind, and the dread of prison disci pline and " hard labour," combined with the loss of caste in .society, which would crown the con viction and punishment, would do more to put a stop to the offence than a fine of 501. Indeed, we believe many of these fines are never paid, and that the parties only laugh in their sleeves when the order to pay 20s, 405, or 60$ and costs goes forth from the lips of the magistrate. In conclusion, we hope that Alderman HoLmit's remarks will not be without effect. THE CLIMATE or CFIENA.—I have already remarked that the climate of the country is much more to be dreaded than the Armies of the Chinese, and I shall draw these remarks to a close by giving a description of what that climate is. In all parts of China where I have been the hottest months in the year are July and August. In the north the heat is very oppressive from the middle of June to the end of August. About Hongkong and Canton the oppressive heat commences a little earlier and lasts longer, although it is not quite so intense as it is further north. My registering thermometer during July and August, at Hongkong, frequently stood as high as 90 deg•, andpne day reached 91 deg• in the shade. In Shanghai and Ningpo the same thermometer used to stand sometimes for days at 100 deg. But the hottest months are not the most unhealthy; at least we have not so much sickness then as we have later in the season. In September, when the monsoon begins to change, and when the northerly winds come down, causing a sudden depression of temperature, natives as well as foreigners suffer much from fever and dysentry. Tire excessive summer heat seems to weaken the constitution, and thus renders it more easily affected by the sudden changes of temperature which occur at this period of the year. The rivers of China are particularly unhealthy at this season—a fact which ought to be kept in view by the commanders of our ships of war.—Ocerland Friend of China, Aug. 25. SAILOR CAPTAINS v. Docroa CAPTAINS.—The follow ing remarkable letter has; been] addressed Ito the Times, on causes of losses to shipping;:by Mr. Stuart (of Stuart and Douglas) of Liverpool. ~..The subject is most impor tant ; and, until now, we never heard of non-professional commanders of ships :—" In your leading article of 24th October on the casuality to shipping during the year 1836, I think the losses to shipping do not arise so much from the causes you name as from the want of good education among our seamen. I and my partner have had frees 3,000 to 12,000 tons of shipping engaged in the trade to the western coast of Africa for the last fifteen years, and any losses that we hive had have happened when the ship was commanded by what we call a sailor captain —that is, a man who has been brought up to the sea. We have never had_ a loss, or, hardly contemplated such a thing as likely to happen when the ship was under the command of what is called " doctor captain," who is a man that has been brought up to the medical profession, has gone out to Africa as surgeon, and afterwards become a supercargo, and in this latter capacity had command of the ship. I think there is not one case on record where a medical man lost a ship belonging to this port engaged is the Afrieaa trade ; and before the passing of the Mercantile Marine Bill in 1850 " doctor captains" were very common." REMARKABLE 7VIARAIAGES.—Of the many Chinamen in New York, not a few keep cigar stands upon the side walk. Their neighbours in trade are the Milesian apple women. Twenty-eight apple women have gone the way of matrimony with their elephant-eyed, olive-skinned cotemperarie3, and the most of them are now happy mothers in consequence. The physiologists aver that the human being is improved, as is the domestic branch of the quadruped animals, by "crossing." If this be true— and we suspect that it is—the natives of this country ought to be remarkable for physical strength and beauty, fur surely there never was such a mixture of races in any part of the world. R-presentatives of all nations have located and married here. We know of two Bedouin Arabs, part of an exhibiting troupe who came to this country several years ag), who married wives and are rearing offspring in olio of the Hudson counties. Siam has its representatives here in the famous twins, and in one of the up•town streets a wealthy native of Morocco domiciliates wall a Westchester county spouse. The mixture of Dutch, Italian, French, Spanish, English, Irish, Danish, Swedish, &c., is perfectly bewildering, but the amalgamation of the Irish and of the Chinese is some thing inure than bewildering—it absolutely begets a chaos of ideas from which no ray of intelligibility can be safely eliminated. Imagine a scion of this stock chatting gaily about "Jush" in one moment, and speaking of his father primary election, and swearing that he goes in, tooth and nail, or rather body and breeches, for the:pomination of' his mother's brother, Patrick O'Dowd. Oh, wfattt a country is this !--Vezu York Mercury. Trio lONIAN ISLA.NDS.—A. letter from Athens says : Tao scenes of riotous sedition which took place at Corfu on the arrival of the first claws of the Indian mutiny are still fresh in the memory of the public. There was an outcry against the British government ; there was a demand for an instant abolition of the Protectorate, and for a union of the lonian islands with the kin..;dorn of Greece. These feelings, so far from having decreased since then, :Tem on the contrary to have augmented in Intensity. Exaggerated accounts of reverses of the British army in India have been circulated amongst the lonian people ; for them the approaching downfall of English power has been confidently predicted, and the glorious day which is to witness the union of the entire Greek race, and the disparition of the British flag from the Seven Islands, has been declared to bo near at hand. Emissaries have been sent by the leaders of this agitation into Greece, and into every country where it was supposed that a revolt against British power would meet with sympathy and support. Things have of late assumed so grave a character in the lonian Islands, that Lord Lyons has removed into the neighbourhood with his fleet. STATE OF TlPPRltAßY.—sincethe murder of Mr. John Ellis there appears to be an 'Attempt to revive the old code of Ribandism in the Norilli : dtiding of Tipperary• The local paper of Saturday (the Eenagh. Guardian) reports the latest outrage in that district :—"A party of MEil visited the dwelling of John Hackett, who resides on the townland of Ballycormack, near Holycross, on the night of the 28:h ult., and tired a shot through the window of the kitchen. Hackett, his wife, and a neigh bouring man named Reilly were sitting before the fire at the time, and they had a most providen:dal escape, as some of the contents of the gun (broken nails) fell near them, having pierced through the shutter, which was fortunately clued at the time. Hackett is care -taker over lawis purchased by Mr. Matthew R. Gabbett, of Dublin, some six years ago in the Encumbered Estates Court. When Mr. Gabbett came into posse. sion of tins property he purchased on liberal terms the goodwill of several small co:tiers, • who give up their claims with apparent satisfaction, if not tainkfulness, and up to the outrage we have recorded there had not been the slightest manifestation of hostility either towards the respected gentleman hiinself (who is spoken very highly of by the peasantry), or his caretaker, a quiet and inoffensive man. It would appear, however, that the late murder of the unfortunate Mr. Ellis has given a fresh impetus to Ribandism iii our county, and, favoured by the " long dark nights," ominous words in Tipperary formerly, emboldened its upholders in the commission of their nocturnal offences. SIR GEORGE GREY AT MORPETII.-011 TrelleSday last the Secretary of State for the Home Department, who has a country residence at Falloden, about 20 miles from Morpeth, paid a •visit to his constituents and took part in the proceedings at a public meeting held at Bedlington, an outlying part of the borough, to promote the rebuilding of a 9chool, with the aid of a grant of money from the. Government. The Rev. Charles Whitley, the vicar, who has generously given a site for the proposed seminary, acted as chairman, and the meeting was attended by the principal inhabitants. Sir George Grey, in moving a resolution stating the inadequacy of the present school accommodation for an increasing popula tion, and the expediency of augmenting it by a Govern ment grant in aid of private subscriptions, took occasion to say he. considered it the bounden duty of those who had property in the district or political connections with it to assist in keeping up the maans of education to the number and wants of the inhabitants. The time had xone by when it was necessary to . dilate on the advantages of education, or to point it out as a duty we owed to God and oar neishboor, Unfortunately, a diviOcon of opinion 107 ' 'T tf ".! • 7/ T had long existed as to how education could be be t promoted. Continental methods of education would .never be popular in England. We must put up with a° o 7 r inconveniences in return for the freedom we enjoyed was sure that if education were ever made c om p lianrila ;j this country the law that made it so could no t be ca r% out. It must be voluntary, and conducte d in of manner .as to receive the general concurrence of ' . b - / people. The right course appeared now to be taken' i which money was placed by Parliament at t he disP°l t; the Government to encourage voluntary efforts, anui,e,, help those who helped themselves. The One education was not appreciated had passed awl''' . w eb temporal advantages alone 'of a good ' education ^id, undoubted. It enabled an individual to rise in the we,rsa and without education it was next to impossi ble for s to improve his fortunes. He was reminded , it W 59 "'g ib; nc of a man who was an honour to Northum berla, eg county in which they were then met--he mean t ae 2he Stephenson, who, without having l earn t to read "-et, young, had risen to a world-wrfle eminence as an eugiaee:r; Those wha adduced that as an example tha t cancatle o was not absolutely necessary for a man's advancelfer should we remember that few re endowed wit h Ste Po of son's genius, and that he himself gave a significant Prone of how much he valued education by giving, wh en he e to have the means, one of the best kind to his 90/4 . 11 . was now a living instance of what g enius and o° 2ll sc hievew n o could accomplish, and whose engin eering . were now the wonder and admiration of all who :ed, familiar with them. The intellect then must be cu ltiv- i f te sa for truly knowledge was power. The resolutioc seconded by Mr. Longridge, and carried unan ifile : s i i • and . a committee was appointod for carry ing out ti le h °e ie Sir George Grey was afterwards to ha ve dine d Wt",.o,stl Mayor of Morpeth (Mr. Hoed) and some the Pr y t ig ht residents of the town at the Black Bull L o n but tt e h ; hon..gentleman was unexpectedly summoned ' awa l : n t receipt of a telegraphic message on a matter of lirk el LIVERPOOL PHILHARMONIC SOCIIO I 0 1. Last night, the Liverpool Philharmo n ic Soc le t - a their ninth subscription conce r t. Th e prograin tu i tot nott vary atractive, and the hall was not very f " 0 00 the caterers had taken better measure of the rubmi :llle oft than the public themselves. The chief attraction°vol some gle, , s, which were very well sung by the fir ' Union" —Miss Marian Moss, Mr. Faster, gr• Cooper, Mr. Montem Smith, and Mr. If ' 0 1/4 and were all encored. Miss Dolby sang ', uz geff grand aria, Quando miro qual bel "00 finely, and M. Sainton was very successful in Bel e ; t oal grand concerto in Don the violin ; and Mt. Ct cantata of Robin Hood will given, but does not do tO° to the composer. It is too common-place and w ro L " -(j 10 many things cf the same sort. Beethoven's ev e ihr " Egmont" was well played by the bard at the openi fi g et 0 second part, and a spirited overture by Lindpsin tn , " Faust" at the commencement of the concert. I t t4 or overture to " Otello . ' played the audience out from inosl peered to be a very pleasing, if not fine concer t ' ol f Amy Dolby's name was introduced into the b ills ' ently to introduce her to the public. She only sang , lost ast vocal performance of the evening, a duet wi lli o s Dolby, from Mercadaute's " Giuramento." She b b t rich full-toned voice, and pleasing face and fig ure ' : 1 4 1 would be premature to judge of her capabilities fr t7/11 , so t a duet. Among the glees sung, was a very' p ret A tl ,, composed by Mr. Montem Smith, "Ye nigh ti4 :: th i pleasant and so gay." " Elijah" is announced 1 )(e'' 22nd December. Madame Weiss, Mr. Lockey, 811 Weiss, will take the principal parts. A t o bit e LECTURE ON INDIA.—List night, tLe Be'. V • hie , delivered a lecture on the now all-engrossing „ India, in the Theatre of the Collegiate I n stitutio n ooeL LEWIS AND COMPANY'S NEW ESTABLISHMENT 0(1 r CLOTHING.—Number of boys clothed for vie 3 ,_' r ei stY` Saturday, Oerobsr 31st, 536; correspondieg week th e 326, increase, 2 1 2 boys. . t to o s Sir Moses Montifore, during his recent /i gl oo ees town, stopped, with his suite, at the Queen's W ie ti rac!' l ,, leaving expressed to the eroprietor the great 9; es tat° he felt at the accommodation afforded at thu_ efe seaftt r eit be (rot a merit. aaaeut etetery impor- d es _ oxrcted in Cuba during the next three u l° ,, - istra rl 'el A l rice. Shipping for that purpose is fitting out ' e u oe slae" The high price of sugar has greatly stint ttleed t slave labour in Cubs. CO S • f ig GARSTON LOCAL BOARD OF .11EAT,TEL'-, o t he r number of members to constitute a quorum ",i(116 assembled yesterday, the ordinary monthly ntree tk ; of the Board was adjourned sine die. The p r oceediag ° ,oo P cetwnittees awaiting confirmation, are simply or 3 o f character. e „ei,lsa" TRANMERE.—A public m ee ti ng o f t h e inos this township was held last evening. After a al o rir t i mated discussion it was d ec id e d t h at Mr. Janes e'pri'l and that his opponents were in error in bringing I/ of the charge again s t The meeting was Pu re 0 1- private natur e . , Or , APPLICATION TO STRIKE A LivEßpoor, Ali t ig, fe d THE ROLLS.—At the Court of Chancerv, or,Mou,"c to Garth, nn the part of the lecerporated Law Sac ie t ;', i ' te' ito f for a rule to show cause why an attorney 'ertel it t Shattock should not be struck riff the rolls. Th e ', - 7,lcte' de the applcagion wee, that the attorney had been eL ' e . e v iha u rse, the last LiVerpoel assizes of forging a bill or — ,tvitti" for which he was sentenced to t h ree )ears ' penal se' The court granted a tale nisi. 3 , F ns`' A letter from Baton, United St a t es , of the 12 1 ",, 10 1 ,0 " Mr. Charles Mathews, the comedi in, is jo t C ' T ' e -c hi' ll > a short engagement here. 're celebrated L e- ,, V e ra is else in 13 , _s ten. She has delivered three lentu r ,, er ciP e j on Beautiful Women,' the Wits of Paris,' a u ",e,4 o „,'" with i - s influence on Civilizttion.' The n otorif l Y; e d;j 6 by the adventurous cenntess, rather than the ness of her ' , tures, has attracted very e ec/- audiences. I have net yet h ear d o f any cases of ei,'cl itter' during her stay." y e a s dai SERIOUS ACCIDEN T AT PIREENHEAD.— r se fer-o noon, a man named John Wheeler, sustained a , 10. is jury wilds engaged on th e Bi r k en h ea d doe's ‘''''',3l) ti nfortun,te re low w a s a l a b ourer s , and live d tle Field-s'ree*, Birk eu h ea d . H e went to hi s acr ;ter fie in the morning, but at about three o'clock in the ig a o3 ,, he he wad eked dawn by a waggon on the gl u g a i to ~t 0: Was most dreadfally reutila'ed, and was ecart y l w tioa Birkenhead hospit a l, w h ere every care an d atter' 4 paid to the p: or sufferer. ri LOSS of TIIIO SPA BELLE.—The last Indian f, news of the arrival at Ceylon of the remainder tu.' t Oc e di wrecked,crew of the Sea B. -lie, consisting of the übi rt'el' 3 o r r ; M-. Grant ; second, Mr. Johns ; third, ;tire o pee t 4,, Jones, boieswain ; M ty, sailroaker ; ug h ,s r iss Hicks, sailor; Martin, ditto ; Johanny, ditto () ed ditto ; and Stanley, apprentice ; passergerg, ' lre ' . ‘ , s ea h oed Harrop. They were pinked up, after being in_ e " tl e ," P p it,L o t three ditys by the Dutch bargee dears' Von 1 1 ,e: 00 % . ge landed at Ceylon, whence they would proceed , P' opportunity, to join the remainder of the etell 1 01/ set gers Bombay. s i t iOlir j e , line! ALA.iMING ACCIDENT ON THB GREAT NOR- p." 0 0. wAY.—We have been informed by a passenge r rle-eteli 04 that a very alarm . ng aecidsre, though e a rtior tto e sie attended by any serious tics Its, recurred t° d train which loft Manchester for Loorlios 3‘ 7 . wa s what is k nown as t h e new route. Th e trai° tau b 0 , light, and was twini ng a t t h e rate o f firty m lje Near the Viaduct, outside the Gkisaep Station, "' f asrgt r , chester side of the line, the permanent weY i S a. e oras iur o • rep , ir, d when the t ra i n approac h e I this psietr r 00 t P , 4 the able oseidation and s t art i ng were o b serv ed .b „t 0 1 ' t of girs. In a moment af•erwards, the carricre' tirall e e r e a rails, and struck with great violence aghast the l' s t e n l , e r tee Viaduct. The carriages were comirlet el Y top ple - tic ; from end to end, but providentially, did no. that that doc t the parapet. Hail they done se, it nr()bi the te e one of the passengers would have escard, a+ eic s bie"` o ,l is from 130 'o 200 feet high. The cogane, he I.3ilit detached from the carriages, did not leave tbe tol if co iiintied its e 'urea for so me time. SALT'S AT THE EDINBURGH - , mo st 1 40 0 mint, poinlul as a sale at that Cross. it a .' - to rer t i s rfle blood from a seine, or at any late, itiseertallv ty. iso f m ins y fi, tared from the veriest dregs of Pa°,seard'evutb3t thet could afford it would allow their (lac e er du ere sofe go ids to be carried away to the Cross? I ' vj e " rea rive' 9 te; none but the v ry poor submit to such an at ,t . 0 odi c oe cl fact, the kind o futnitute brought to thin P" . c r i pt iont bes a, this truth. It is indeed of the pltibest d i , e % it ho t at often , !tough represents by i•s fashien„..t„:3-aed I,lriittr c , vered by a roof for a .ong series of ye3" tntss , .a P o et last—perhaps after temighty, althi ugh) unwisee ri b° jig gle—it is borne away amid the tears of t -a • e gs pig cherished it, and disposed of for a few s hill? 0 o d stony auction place. We hear that some bt off a t o boar di are particularly active at present c io urrY a°e el t . and selling in this way, although in In' l ,Y ; trained tor/ Patties Pre totally Unable to pay the tart 11'oreh Briton. P NLEG 11 S Zritisi NAVIC .11 21 ,... Übe al oR the thout Ste"rst da' 4.lltVig 1 0tiki 3801 f ktr t 1 lip. Zver has A irti 0 c °etrar t b Y liet e4 e decl, Ilie4 taaiat "et to a ( (P. 1 41 14Z1 3 ° f LOnd vie Tl* .tle , n ~O tomb( Ott . e India 2 1et • O tt 114 , Ma 1 , bro ug 'hi, 'Thee H, ek n ' t ,'s shin lilt i r " 4ajesty' s `44 0 " near °l°lll bo at Lyons, 441-e espeet ,1 4 ),er, (1 1 11 gSt di( 4 ,4 1) . " G~meb tal t . o t la h i _tt ee of h intrpoE. ne 0 11 bus I:1 ) 4 4 P° Who e 2p ei . l t ) R th 3 ult Gee d f 111 0 , 1 II th e e d ay of g i 0 610 a h en re _ .vy 411 C1 00 bri m, 4 et 1 ear,,,, cur i , yell s, T 2 " r 4l ) Aease uox 0 4 0) °to ) r 2 711y tr. 014. 1, °4 th e is k e 414 26;1 1 0, hkif tciterlane,, '~NI te am p 1 , ) t , 183 witt N ti ; 1,9 e wit c l jetp, • " - Ste Nr. 4, With Melit bt. T .t'good s I ItAt 41111 °, sir Wit l l ll 4 t L e el ty„ tti t e, t- - , ndriE 44104.43Perate