The Northern Daily Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-10-09 00:00:00

TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN TIMES. In my last letter I drew the attention of your readers to a recent admission of the Times, that, despite a dimi nution in our stock ofgold, we could not be impoverished as a nation, unless our expenditure was in excess of our income ; and also to the very significant fact, that the same hitherto uncompromising advocate of a currency, nominal and intrinsic value should always be DUS terms, had actually propos - d for the adoption of continental states "a c/tased silver currency" whose snonia le of checking the drain of the precious t it now, that the Times timate of the danger to which I effectually checked, must elfare, under the prevailing supply of these metals is construction of railways s to wh of their internal resources tion of a debased currency, coming from is truly a moral phenomenon, and s doughty Champion of the Peelite theory, e idea was always indignantly scouted, that else than twenty shilling's ling gold—l say, fancy the Times :1 mean anythin palliative of ur pecuniary 7 piece should contain only silver; and that a sovereign, or nu piece, should contain only teen shilli metals firmed a very this drain, if even mor Developer ssential such a quarter, startling as Pant, this propos culties, that a fi four shilling's worth o an the worth of gold When the late Sir Robert Peel tossed up a sovereign in the House of Commons, triumphantly exclaiming, " that is a pound"—when he thus produced, what was doubtless considered by himself and his friends, a pal- Pahle and irresistible argument of the soundness of Ws theory—little did he then imagine that his most zealous apologist could have thus heartlessly deserted the prin ciples which formed the corner stone of his favourite poliev, indicated in his oft-repeated assertion, "that a Mound meant, and could mean nothing els definite quantity of gold for a certain dear( teither more nor less than g'°, worth of such gold, valued always at than a of line- iliat it f twenty shi £3 17s 104 c ir, the opponents of this theory have reason hat the Times has abandoned it as altogether and is prepared to admit that a pound may a definite quantity of gold worth some few Igs less than a pound, and a definite quantity of worth perhaps a trifle less than the smallest coin Of the realm If the statesmen of Europe adopt such a remedy as this, what will become of the dogma that money neces.• sari!) , possesses an intrinsic value, that it is as much a commodity as a bale of cotton, a chest of tea, or, a barrel of flour, each of which possesses an intrinsic value, being worth precisely what it will fetch in the market ? What, I ask, will becoirle of this dogma, if henceforth a coin of the realm to be stamped with a nominal and legal, greater than its intrins or natural value a shall m of the Tim o further remark on the inconsistency driven by the force of circumstances to admit, that money need not necessarily possess an intrin- sic value, and to propose a plan—certafnly a clumsy one— founded on the truth of this admission—whereby it is hoped that the exportation of national currency can be effectually checked. This is, in fact, the fundamental principle for whicji all currency reformers so earnestly contend. We say, as we have always said, that money is not weahh, that is, that it is not necessa rily a cemmodity possessing intrinsic value like all other exchangeable commodities, but that it is simply an engine of commerce pArtaking of the , ufifers, which, valueless in themselves, do enrich their possassors by enabling them to nature of y exchang e prod is of their industry Js :Mr ideal of money. Hence it is that we all agree in asiferting, that the true basis of a national currency is to 'be found—not merely in that infinitessimal portion of national wtltal,h represented by the accumulations of the precious metals in any particular country—but in that boundless store of wealth comprised in all the products of all the indtistry of all its inhabitants. This we all agree in describing as the great want of our own country and of civilised Europe. This we assert is the only !lich monetary panics can be rendered ssible, and industry everywhere crowned with its ' --MON EY, unvarying in its symbolical value, as by v just re g the same thing, so as to be a the RELATIVE vela 'ays a utoarying always in amount with thequan- lilies of saleable goods in the Market; that is to say, NATIONAL MONEY, purely representative in its character, of which in the aggregate, there shall never be any excess, or any deficiency. By and bye I shall endeavour to prove that it is quite possible to devise such a system of money as shall fully realise this ideal of a perfect currency. But as it is needful to advance step by step in the discussion of this important subject, and to make good our promises with our before to coincid nvite the paid much at learn fro! always r pri P‘• commodit Act measur THE CURRENCY QUESTION, let eral reader who may not have in the ntion to this question of the currency to le use of money what money really is. Its chief, if not its only use, is to facilitate the exchange of property. By means of money one man readily exchange the products of his industry for the products of the industry of many other men which he requires, in order to supply himself with the necessaries and luxuries of Civilised life. By means of money the accumulated products of labour—which are the real capital of every Country—are invested in lands, houses, national secu rities, railway shares, &c., &c. These are the uses of money, and might to teach us that it possess necessarily a symbolical, but not hecessarily anintrinsic, value. that a proposition so simple as this is not more generally understood ! Strange that men, even intelligent men of business should not so have learned this very easy lesson as to avoid the mistaking the media of our exchanges for the valuable things which we exchange—the instrumetit we use for investing our capital in reproductive estates or securitiees for the capital invested—the sign for the thing signified, the symbol for the substance, the mere representation of value for the thing which it really represents! Strange, indeed, it is that statesmen and financiers cannot perceive that that must be a vicious system under the operation of which a profitable trade in the purchase and sale of the precious metals, relaxes the springs of productive industry, depreciates to an alarming extent all the real property of a nation, and imposes grievous and intolerable burdens on its commerce ! With a view of clearing away all the mists in which this money question has been involved, by the crude and unphilosophical theories of the bullionists, I shall pro ceed, in my next letter, to demonstrate the impolicy of the act of 1844, and the impossibility of satisfactorily ng the mercantile affairs of this great nation, by means of a currency resting wholy, or principally, on conducti a metallic basis, Bearing in mind the vast and complicated interests involved, I shall endeavour to discuss all the points at assue, between the currency reformers and their opponents, with fairness and moderation. I shall fortify my arguments with historical and other undeniable facts, which I trust will convince some of the most unflinching advocates of the Peelite theory, that it is impossible to reduce that theory to practice, and that the attempt to do so, has inflicted irreparable loss on the community at large.—Yours &c., J. V Liverpool, Oct. 6, 1 MUSEUM AND PUBLIC LIBRARY. TO THE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN TIMES, Sir,—The decision arrived at in the above competition is so eccentric and so unjust, that I hope you will allow me space to say a few words on the subject. The rules imposed upon the competitors were to the effect, that the Museum and Library were to be perfectly distinct '° self contained" blocks; room was to be provided for extension, and the cost not to exceed 4'20,000. Instead of adjudicating in harmony with these rules, the committee seem bent on a game of " Fast and Loose," chosing designs which had the most deviated from their instruction Con Amour's" design cannot be executed for the sum named, has not the Museum distinct from the Library, and does not well provide for extension. " Alma's design does not provide for extension at all, has not the Library distinct, and would cost apparently X 60,000, with - levation of anything but appropriate character. of the competitors who have sought' success by to the rules are set aside. " Con Amour," who .. t by profession, owes his success, in no small I ppo his , arti stic drawings, so s h owey, b ut is a wond er . - ,, s i T ina to a s attempt to shield themselves behind the 'atter having given their votes ; but if, -ompetitors have not dealt justly with ,ot e xcuse the committ ee i n doing A COMPETITOR. is an ar degree, I s not truthtu comm competitors, t as it appears, t each other, it does wrong.—Yours, &c., LECTURES TO FEMALES.—On Thursday evening, Dr. Matcham delivered a lecture at the Assembly Rooms, Lowestoft, to nearly four hundred females, on "Mid wifery," giving the opinions and practices of eminent American, en ch., and metropolitan accoucheurs on the pro priety of instrumental assistance in protracted labours. The lecture was listened to with great atten tion, and the lecturer was frequently applauded.—Bury Post. TILE LATE FAILURE OF SCOTT RUSSELL AND CO3-Mr. Coleman, the accoun'ant, has given notice that a first instalment of 4s 6d in the pound will be payable on this estate at his office in Coleman-street, on Wednesd a y, the 15th inst., b e t ween the hours of eleven and three. At the same time he states that the dividend will be equal in amount (viz , 10s in the pound) to the estimate that he submitted to the meeting shortly after the suspension. aich at any given period are most characteristic of the economical situation of the cauntry, and supply the most accurate measure of its capa bilities. As these data form the basis of a rational estimate of the wants and resources of the future, I beg your Majesty's permission to make them the subject of some observations. The budget of 1854 is now in course of being brought to a settlement. The provisional account of it, which was published last year, showed an excess of expenditure of 100 millions of francs. This deficit is in the final account reduced to 75 millions. The budget of 1855 has just been closed, and we have every ground for hoping that the amount which it leaves to be covered will not go beyond 50 or 60 millions. These figures will be seen to be satisfactory, sire, if they are compared with the average deficit of the five preceding years, which was not -hty millions annually, and if we bear in mind enormous burdens which the public calamities, even ut taking the war into account, imposed in addition to the ordinary services of 1854 and 1855, involving the 1g of large supplementary credits. These compara yelp favourable results are attributed to the extraordinary age of the revenue from indirect taxation, which last ,ar attained the enormous amount of 6.5 millions, without including 33 millions arising from new taxes. At no period, under the most favourable irfluences, have the producing capabilities of the nation been exhibited in so signal a manner. This movement, which was ascribed to the exhibition, has.not ceased in 1856. It was believed and asserted that it would cease; but that was a complete error. The result, in fact, has been decisive as to that point. If the amount of the products of the country in 1855 had been owing to an accidental cause, we should have seen, what always happens a ft er a great effort, a sudden pause in ourindustrial progress, and the products of 1856 would have fallen eff and descended even to less than those of 1854. I am happy to be able to state, sire, that the contrary has actually happened. Not only has the amount of the year 1854 been attained and exceeded—not only, at least up to this time of the year, the extraordinary amount of 1855 has been reached—but the first months of the present year, compared with the corresponding months of last year, give us a considerable increase. This increase comes to 63 millions as compared with 1854, and nearly 26 millions as compared with 1855, in the first half year only. It is true that the comparison for the month of August is less favourable—but that is immaterial, for it is to be explained by the payments of taxes by anticipation, in the month of August, 1835, occasioned by a wish to avoid payment of the newly imposed tenth. This partial falling off will, moreover, be soon compensated for. The information we have received enables us to expect an increase of above twelve millions on the month of September. Upon the whole, the augmented revenue from the old taxes, and the sum derived from the new taxes, together constitute an excess of about 72 millions above the amount of the esti mated revenue for the nine first months of this current year. The importance of this calculation is beyond all dispute. We have, therefore, sire, without indulging in any illusion, most substantial reasons to hope that the bur' se of contracting the loan, tirst tim^ 3 than openin 183 G, notwithstanding the exnen get cf exhibit, for the _..tee during many years, n equal balance sheet. This desirable result, attained in —es of exceptionable difficulty, is the best proof that the onward progress of the fortunes of the State hitherto is far from being slackened. But shall we find any evidence to the contrary in the momentary depreciation of the public securities? According to my opinion, such a view of the matter would be in error. This is a very delicate subject, and difficult of appreciation. In the alternations of rise and fall of prices much is due every day to the influence of temporary causes which are often inexplicable and unknown. But one fact of general observation and of a re-assuring character results from the present state of things, which it will soon con trol ; and that is the perception, as every sincere mind must agree, that the giving. way in the prices of securities does not proceed either from a want of confidence or a diminution of capital in France, or a defect in the solidity of their titles, but solely from the multiplicity of the securi ties themselves. We must not be surprised at this, for it is the invariable law of trade that every sort of merchandise declines in market value in proportion to the quantity of the supply, especially if this exceeds the exiting want and the amount of means at the time disposable. The resources of France, sire, are indeed great ; they are immense, and recent events have showed their full extent. There could be any serious danger to them only if we came to persuade ourselves that they were infinite, and that they would suffice to perform in France, and abroad also, in a single day, that which should be the patient work of time. But let the prudent recommendations of your Majesty be listened to, and let the requisite time be afforded for the surplus to run off, and then the various classes of securities will rapidly assume their true position, and the scale of their values will soon rise; for I expect their basis is solidly estab lished, the existing securities are founded in general upon bona fide productive enterprises, and the elasticity of credit has, after all, been entirely maintained. The apprehended embarrassments, I cannot too often repeat, could only arise, sire, from such exaggerated speculation as it is to be hoped the pubic will know how to guard against. It is to the same cause that we must attribute the reaction by which last year, at this very season, the Bank of France was obliged to adopt come restrictive measures. Those measures were unfavourably appreciated by a portion of the public, because they were not always viewed with an accurate knowledge of the cause, nor in all cases with disinterested feelings. That great institution has to deal with such numerous and diversified interests, that whatever it may do it cannot escape the disadvantage of injuring some of them, and in their judgment the course it may adopt, however wise it be, will always be the course which ought not to have been adopted. What, then, was the state of affairs ? The amount of discounts of the Bank daily assumed exorbi tant proportions, and its reserve was rapidly decreasing. Every body acknowledged that an immediate remedy was called for, and the only disagreement was about the nature of that remedy, the most serious measures were proposed. What was it, then, which the Bank did ? The same which it had done, and always with success, under almost all the preceding governments when in analogous circumstances. The Bank said to the public, " How ever liberal may be my statutes, there is, nevertheless, a limit to the issue of my securities, which the commonest prudence, if not an express law, forbids me to exceed. In order to enable me to grant assistance in a greater number of cases of need, it is necessary that every one should consent to reimburse me more quickly." And with this object the Bank contented itself, whilst raising the rate of in'erest, with shortening the date of bills discounted. No doubt from this measure resulted a certain derangement in commercial affairs which was to be regretted, but which was not without some compensating benefit to trade itself. The resources of the Bank, renewed more frequently, enabled it to make a greater number of discounts ; if its advances were for shorter periods, they were thereby multiplied ; and upon the whole, during the months of October, November and December, under the operation of the measure referred to, the amount of the Bank discounts exceeded by more than 600 millions that of the discounts in the same months of the preceding year. Sufficient notice has not yet been given to the enormous relief which was thus bestowed upon commerce. By acting in this manner the Bank of France stopped, as it had done on former occasions, the evil which threatened to approach it, and did not cause those serious disturbances to trade which had been apprehended. The Bank of a neighbouring country, notwithstanding the great amount of credit which is characteristic of it, an d th e l ega l currenc y of its bank notes, was obliged at the same period to impose restrictions upon trade, which in their effect, if not in their form, were far more rigorous. The same circumstances which last year determined the Bank of France to adopt such measures having been reproduced in the present year, the Bank has deemed itself bound to observe the same line of conduct, and expects from it the same result. It may be said of the bank, as well as of credit, that its difficulties do not arise from the fundamental condition of affairs, but are caused by a temporary exuberance. The exportation of specie has been spoken of. A succession of bad harvests, the purchase of silks abroad, and other less legitimate causes, have doubtless had their influence on the exportation o f our co i na ge ; silver, in particular, has become an object THE NORTHERN TIMES. LIVERPOOL THURSDAY THE MONETARY CRISIS IN FRANCE We have received the 3foniteur of Tuesday, and subjoin a translation from the official journal of the report of the Minister of Finance on the tudget of 1858 : when I have to " Sire,—At this period, elements of the budget of Mali, in orri, submitted to your Majesty's kspectiin, I pi, pliance with your commands, to place before you a succinct statement of the most essential facts belonging to the pre sent year, to indicate the general point of view in which our calculations of receipts and expenses ought to be made The; (circumstances through which we have passed, sire, were very difficult ; all sorts of misfortune, so to speak, came upon us at the same time—war, cholera, the inunda tions, and the protracted dearth, At other periods, one alone of these calamities has sufficed to exhaust the sources of employment and of wealth, to excite troubles in the com munity, and to etnbarass the state as well as the fortnnFs of individuals t' - .oh to he feared 411 rtain the they may b need, in corn .eared that, with such a e-ncurrence of disasters as we have been oppressed with, at least pubic confidence would have been impaired, and that the suspension of trade and manufactures would have caused a serious diminution of the revenue of . Treasury. These multiplied misfortunes, sire, have no ~,early affected the heart of your Majesty ; but .espite such melancholy trials, every sincere lover of his country and of the truth must feel happy in acknowledging the fact—perhaps a fact unique in history—that never, thanks to the confidence which your Majesty has inspired, was more complete security prevailing, or more perfect order, never were the energies of this nation more actively devel oped, never did the improvement of the publie revenue so rapidly progress. It is a singular fact that the difficulties of our p:esent situation are those which arise out of the very excess of our prosperity, and in a manner out of the excessive feeling of confidence. By a fortunate necessity, the government has had to apply its efforts, not to Provoking, but restraining the general impulse, and by repeated admo nitions to keep speculation within the bounds of prudent .:serve. The operation of the budgets now current, the state of credit, the bank and the treasury, are the points wards which must converge, and at which chiefly must be anifested, the symptoms whir 4. re to of a traffic which makes the public uneasy, and which Consists in selecting the finest pieces of coin and withdrawing them from the currency for their surplus value. This practice, the tendency of which is to destroy the general equilibrium of our monetary system, was under the old law regarded as an act of debasement of the coin of the realm, and punished wieh the severest penalties. Modern legislation cannot be powerless under such an abuse, which has nothing in common with the undisputed principle of commercial liberty. The attenti o n of y o ur Majesty's government is very properly directed to this evil. But in looking at the question in its general and permanent aspect, we see, sire. how unfounded are the fears which some entertain. When, notwithstanding the exceptional needs of which I have just spoken, the sum total of our exports exceeds the sum total of our imports by an enormous amount, it is impossible that the balance which in our favour, and which since 1850hasamounted to 1,360,000,000 F, should not have brought to us against our sales more specie than has left us for purchases. A very remarkable feet comes to confirm this conclusion. According to official customs returns, Fiance has received in gold or silver since the same epoch 800,000,000 f. more than she has exported; the first eieht months of the current year figure in this for a bonus of 72,000,000 f. No doubt the declarations of exportation have sometimes been incomplete, but the same is true of entries. What has become of this money ? It is not lost, sire; it is in the country; it has penetrated by the thousand channels of circulation which aliment the numerous establishments of public works, manufactures, agriculture, and commerce; it has been meeting the new wants which result from the development of social activity, and by its fecundity it augments the general stock of public wealth. The embarrassment now felt does not, there fore. arise from any fundamental vice, but from transient causes. The situation of the treasury , which is an excellent one, is a new proof of this. The first two loans have been paid up, and the poyments of the last, which will suffice to liquidate the war, are met with exactitude. The public revenues augment, as I have just said, in a ratio without precedent. The taxes ara paid with the most rare punctuality, and even in advance. Money flows into the public exchequer. The payment of the dividends of the last six months has left us with a reserve of 0,000,000 r. It must be evident to every man of sense that these are the evidences of a situation which is 00.1 at bottom. For these reasons, sire, I have thought it, right, in preparing the budget of 1858, to lay aside the pre occupations of the moment, and to take the natural and normal movement of the public fortune as the basis of my estimates. At the same time, being desirous of limiting as for 1857, the chances of supplementary credits, I have according to your Majesty's orders, appreciated the expen diture with the utmost possible exactitude, and the receipts with the greatest moderation. Thus, notwithstanding some improvements made in the situation of some of the minor functionaries, and the allevittian of some flictl hardens, we may hope that the budget of 1858 will largely suffice for its expenditure.—l am, &c., "P. MAGNE" ILL•REGULATED CLOCKS ON THE LAN CASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN TIMES, Sir,—Will you allow me, through your piper, to bring under the noticli of the managers of the Lincishire and Yorkshire Railway Company, the lie, that the clocks at each station differ very much io regard to time. You, no doubt, know how anncying it is to parties to be too late for a train, but it is much more so when it is not their fault. I travel on the Southport branch of this line daily, and am surprised that the station clocks vary so much. Several times, lately, I have missed the train in consequence of this, and resiling near a small station, I have been, with others, much inconvenienced. It would seem a sin di matter to keep the clocks right; perhaps a_ hint through you would have the desired effec servant, Liverpool, October 8, 1856 —Your obedient A CONTRACTOR. ARREST OF A SWINDLER IN LIVERPOOL, YESTERDAY, For some time past a number of grocers, through town, have been the victims of a swindler, whose operations appear to have been rrtther extensive. His general mode of proceeding was as follows : wou.d go to a shop, and, after stating the very high character which he had received, both of the proprietor and his goo - l=, ho would order a quantity of tea to be sent to his ho . el, or 1 id4ing, as the case might be. The parcel, of course, was f,rwar led, and, on arrival, the fellow would ask the messenger, "Why he did not bring the coffee that he ordered ?" lie would then tell the messenger to go for the coffee, and in this way he managed to get possession of the tea ; and, it is almost needless to say, that he was not to be found afterwards. The police have been on the look out for some days past, and, on Tuesday, officers Carlyle and Horne, of the detective force, succeeded in arresting a person named William Taylor, on a charge of having stolen 10 lbs of tea from Mr. Henry Kirkman, grocer, of St. James street. The prisoner was brought before Mr. Alderman Turner, yesterday morning, at the Police court. He appears to be respectable, so far as appearances g 3. It was stated that he is a native of Scarborough. On Tuesday the prisoner went to Mr. Kirkman's, and obtained 101bs of tea, after the usual dodge ; he had it sent to an eating house in Park lane, and he managed to send the messenger back to the shop for some coffee, and then left the eating house, with the tea under his arm. Seeing Carlyle, perhaps, " looking out" for him, he asked him "is this Park lane ?'' Yes, said Carlyle, and I want you. He then arrested him. He told the officer not to give him into custody, as he was a respect able man, bat was reduced in circumstances. M r . Kirkm an , who is chief mana g er of Mr. Hendley's wholesale and retail trade, was examined, and corroborated what Carlyle said. A youth, in the shop in St. James' street, proved that the prisoner ordered the tea to be sent to 106, Park lane, and Mr. Kirkman said he had given instructions to the boy (the porter) to deliver the tea if the prisoner asked for it, as plans were laid for the prisoner's arrest, and the tea was accordingly delivered. A young man from Mr. Jennings, in Park-lane, proved that the prisoner ordered ten pounds of tea, which was not to be delivered without money, and another young man proved a similar case, and the boy wh o went with it said his instructions were not to leave it with. out payment. When he gave the tea to the prisoner, h e told him to go back and fetch seven pounds of coffee, and be did so, but when he returned the prisoner was gone. He obtained over £4 worth of tea from Mr. Mullen, grocer; and it was stated that he had been successful in obtaining goods and other things from Dublin, by means of false e s pretences.titute. H e w In reply ass etnot forthe tr charge, ial. the prisoner said he was d EXTRAORDINARY FIGHT WITH A BEA.B. Captain Hall, of the schooner Adriatic, sends to the Mcago Tribune, an account of an encounter he and five of his crew had had with a black bear, while in a small boat in the Bay de Notue. On Monday the 2.5 th August , while l y in g at anchor within the head of the bay, the captain says, " My attention was called by one of the crew to a large black animal on White Fish Point. which, on examination with a glass, proved to be a very large black bear just taking to the water, with the inten tion, apparently, of swimming to the opposite shore of the bay, which at this point is over a mile wide, the distance being divi ded by two or three small islands." He ordered the boat to be made ready. It was manned by four oars and a clumsy paddle. The wind was blowing strongly at the time. They teok no weapons except an old dull axe and a bread knife. The bear swam from them as the boat approached it, " and Wetmore, who had the axe, aimed a blow at his head , intending, to cleave his skull, but struck a little too soon, infl i c tin g a deep wound in the neck, at the same time cutting off the tip of his ear, but did not touch the spine or any important blood vessel, and the wound bad no other immediate effect than to enrage him. He turned toward the boat in a moment, showed a set of tusks that would have done honour to a wild hoar, and gave a deep growl, more like that of a lion than anything else I ever heard. He did not attack the boat at this time, but struck out with all his might for the nearest island. He was a powerful swimmer, and the two oarsmen had no light task to head him off. As we came up with him again he eluded the second blow aimed at him with the axe, and it was lost over board, which left us with no weapon but the knife. As we came up with him the third time I gave him two thrusts in the neck wth the knife, ono on r ash side of the spine, sending the blade in up to the hilt. lle note turned upon us and attacked the boat, growling w ith terrific fierceness. As ho came up, I gave him several tin usts with the knife, j avoiding the passes he made with his powerful iris, one con cussion of which would, no doubt, have broken or taken off My arm. Striking the bow, the blade of the knife bent nearly double, rendering it useless for the time. I then seized the pine paddle and gave him a blow upon the skull that shivered the paddle in pieces, but which seemed to have no effect whatever upon the bear. He now got one paw upon the gunwale of the boat, and seized it with his teeth : At this critical moment the oars were brought into requisition by the mate and crew, and several well directed. blows from them the coming down upon him at once, forced him to relinquish his hold upon the boat. He now sought safety again in flight toward the island, which he had considerably neared during the fight. We immediately pu rsu , e ic el ioc a l g ty ain o , f impr o ved t a b n e d b l oatbro o ught the time to strengthen my knife blade, and as we up hold him in this position gave him another thrust in the neck, at.id then seized him by the long hair upon his rump. Tire hboisathefoardwuanrdd,erlitcaosulldwvaesryinetalsrielybow, and . the . men urging a chip out of the notwithstanding his powerful struggles, he having no footing ' arid liauled Inn, into the boat ' upon the bottom. While struggling he . struck the side of the boat with his open paw, each nail taking plank. His struggles grew weaker and .fi ri when we supposed bina dead, -oaey ceased °ale 350 to c and pulled for the schooner. As he still showed s;gris of life he was killed outright by a blow over the head,. and by coffins' jthe jugular artery. He was estimated to weigh F 600 pounds. He was pronounced the largest bear ever wet with in that region." THE SHIP GIPSEY BRIDE-CAPT. MURPHY This noble vessel, belonging to the Liverpool line of Australian packets, which has just returned from her successful voyage round to India, is now discharging in the Pi inee's Dock, and attracts more attention than inward bound ships generally. She made the passage from the Cape out in twenty-six days, and home from Bombay made an excellent run. On the outward voyage to Australia the following address was presented to Captain Murphy, and was accompanied, from the first class passengers, by a piece of silver plate, value £4O. Addresses from the second and third class Passengers, to the same effect, were presented to the captain, with suitable accompaniments :--‘• Liverpool line of Australian packets, ship Gipsey Bride, Port Philip, December 24, 1855, Captain Murphy. Dear sir,---Now that we have arrived at the end of our voyage, we wish, before separating, to exeress to you our appreciation of your character, and to thank you for the kindness you have always manifested towards us since our departure from Liverpool. Of your abilities as a seaman we need say little. We are all confident that, had you met with anything like favourable weather, your noble vessel, the Gipsey Bride, would have made a very speedy passage. Some of us have sailed in many ships, with many officers, and never have we seen any Captain, and his first and second in command, Messrs. Parriss and Mahony, mare attentive to their duties. But what we wish more particularly to dwell upon, is your unremitting kindness to the cabin passengers. In a voyage like the present, we can all see clearly how much our happiness and comfort depends on the character and disposition of the captain, and, dear sir, there is not one amongst us, who has not experienced personally, some proof of your sympathy and regard for our welfare. Whilst we are rejoicing at having reached our destination, let us assure you our joy is seasoned with regret at losing the pleasure of your valued society. Remembrance will often recall our memories recollection of the many happy hours we have spent together, for " absence makes the heart grow fonder." We trust, and have little doubt, that you and your officers will meet with that success in your future career, which you so justly merit. Hoping that you, sir, W.ll accept of the accompanying small token of our gratitude and esteem, we beg to subscribe ourselves your sincere friends and well wishers. Signed by all the passengers." This speaks quite enoug for the captain and his noble ship. THE LECTURES IN HOPE HALL T 1 THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN TIMES Sir,—The Courier of to-day refers to an article in the Scottish Guardian, which represents the course of lectures in LI ope-hail as likely to be somewhat Sectarian in character. firA lecture aneared to justify that view. I had, therefore, before seeing the Courier, with concurrence of Dr. Cunningham, arranged to advertise immediately, that that lecture is not to be regarded as part of the proposed course." The promoters would be exceedingly sorry that the course should exhibit any Sectarian bias, and will take all proper steps to ensure conformity throughout with the pledge given by implication to friends of other evangelical denomination, who have so kindly favoured us with their support. I wrote to the Guardian yesterday a letter correcting its mistake.—l am, sir, yours, &c., R. A. MACFIE. Liverpool, Bth October, 1856 WEST DERBY GUARDIANS. The usual weekly meeting of this Board of Guardians was held at the hoard room, M:11-lane, Everton, yesterday—Mr. J. Harrison presided. The other guardians present were—Messrs. Wensley, Shaw, Pitts, Siddeley, Elias, Richmond, Wilson, Evans, Pickup, Leyland, Brynes, Abrahams, Lunt, Edwards, and 11eves OFFICIAL RETURNS. The Clerk reported that he had examined all the books kept by the several officers of the union, and found them correctly made up. Cheques to the amount of £216 were voted for the relief of the outdoor poor within the several districts of the union. The Master of the workhouse reported that there were 624 paupers in the workhouse last week ; this week there were 610, and for the corresponding week of last year. 608. The Master of the hospital reported that last week there were 86 patients in that establishment; this week there were 90 ; and 00 for the corresponding week of last year. THE LATE DISPUTE 3 A letter was read from the Poor Law Board, stating that they had received the letter from the Chairman, and also the answer from the board, touching the allegations made by Mr. Shaw, and t' at an Inspector would be sent down to enquire into the whole matter. Also that Mr. Parnell, the Inspector, would attend the board on Wednesday next. The Chairman suggested that, as the matter to be enquired into was of so much imcortance, it would be advisable to bold a special meeting for the purpose. The Clerk said that .51. P.Arnell would, if requested, attend on Tuesday next. Several guardians expressed their opinion that it would be better to have a special meeting, whereupon, on the motion of Mr, Heyes, was unanimously resolved that a special meeting of the board should be convened for Tuesday next, to meet the Inspector, and make a full investigation into the matter. The Clerk was instructed to summon all the guardians on the occasion. A NEW REGULATION. Mr. Wensley then moved that in future no guardian be allowed to take any extracts, or copy of any documents, from the minutes, without the consent of the board. Mr. Pickup seconded the motion, which was unanimously adopted. REMOVAL OF NUISANCES. Some short time since Mr. Shaw moved for a return of the expenses incurred by the guardians for the removal of nuisances, and what sums had not been repaid to the board. The clerk read that report, which was to tho following effect :—Making a sewer in Etna-street, £62 ; do. in Pleasant-grove, Bootle cum-Linacre, £39 12s 6d. Mr. Shaw requested to be permitted to look at the return, which was accordingly handed to him. Ho wished to Know what amount was recoverable ? Tho Clerk : The last item. It was then proposed that a special committee, consisting of Mr. Shaw, Mr. Siddeley, and Mr. Wensley should be appointed to investigate the matter. Mr. Straw said he did not, nor would ho act on any committee at that hoard. The Cle►k did not see the use of moving for a return, and then refusing to act upon it. Mr. Shaw thought that those guardians who had given the order for the work should be the committee. The Clerk : Then, Mr. Shaw will be one, as he was a guardian, and the order was given by the board. After some further conversation, Messrs. Harrison, Lunt, and Wensley were appointed a committee to report on the subject. The board then adjourned, LIVERPOOL BANKRUPTCY COURT (BEFORE MR. COMMISSIONER PERRY.) IN RE BRINDLEY.—The argument on the allowance of the certificate took place this day. Mr. Simon, on behalf of the assignees and creditors, opposed the allowance, and the bank rupt was supported by Mr. Aspinall. The objection to the allowanee of the certificate was based chiefly on the alleged extravagance and rashness of the bankrupt in contracting deb's wittrout reasonable means of paying them. In support of this rashness and extravagance, Mr. Simon urged the fact of the bankrupt having expended on Tarvin Hall the sum of between £4,000 and £5,000, though knowing that his tenantcy should expire in the course of ten years at the furthest ; arid then, again, his expenditure of £3,000 on Abbotts Grange, which he entered on without in any way con suiting the trustees under the deed of arrangement with his creditors. In reference to the first expenditure, the learned counsel contended that Dr. Brindley should either not have expended so much on Tarvin Hall, or, having incurred so large an expenditure, should not have given it up without the consent of his creditors. Ho also urged that the bankrupt's conduct was most reprehensible in having given cause for the suit in chancery, in which he appeared as defendant, and in which the decree of the court was against him ; and that his rashness and extravagance might fairly be inferred from the fact that, though in ten years his income from his school was about £34,000, his debts by his balance sheet were now £ll,OOO. Mr. Aspinall, on the other hand, denied that either rashness or extravagance could justly be laid to the charge of the bankrupt. It was true that the receipts of his school might have amounted to the sum stated, hut if his income was large his expenses were equally so. His large expenditure on Tarvin Hall was urged against him ; but then it should be recollected that the hall was, in the first instance, ill-adapted for the purposes of a school, and that considerable expense had consequently to be incurred in necessary alterations. As to the suits in chancery, he was fully justified in the course he took in regard to them, and he (Mr. Aspinall) was confident that the court would also think so. The learned gentleman, in conclusion, urged that the position of the bankrupt, all through, was that of a man struggling through great and unlooked for difficulties, and that, so far from deserving the censure of the court, he was entitled to its sympathy and protection. His Honour intimated that he would deliver judgment in the case at twelve o'clock on Saturday. ALLSOP'B WAX-WORK EXHIBITION, TEUTONIC-HALL LiuE STREET. LIVERPOOL.—DOVE, THE MURDBRER.--The only correct likeness of this criminal is to be seen at the above exhibition, and is placed by the side of Palmer. Both these poisoners are fall-length, and are acknowledged by all to be perfect likenesses. They are surrounded by upwards of 100 wax figures, large as life; together with 600 statues, busts, casts of heads, &c.. &c. ; also a great numb er o f Stereoscopic and other views. The proprietor begs to state that the likeness of Dove and Palmer are most positively the only true ones taken. Palmer was modelled by Mr. George Ewing, of London, during his trial at the Old B a il e y; and a sketch of Dove was taken by Mr. John Stot ey, of York, and afterwards modelled expressly for Mr. Allsop, by Mr. William Leland, of Liverpool. Open from bs A erv dm e is t s h i e on n , a S m ix e pe o n f ce A . 1190 A p q ,s ua vir dr a il x le . in attendance. t ill te np.m. bandten,a work on the two lamps over the entrance,—Adv. POLICE INTELLIGENCE A somewhat novel experiment was made on Monday evening by Mr. Ernest Jones. By invitation and adver tisement the public were summoned to St. Martins's-hall, to assist at what was termed a " political soiree," and the cards of admission concluded with the words, "Music at eight o'clock." At that hour about 300 persons, or perhaps more, assembled, but the area of the hall appeared somewhat empty. Mr. Ernest Jones shortly afterwards appeared on the platform, accompanied by seven or eight ladies and gentlemen, who turned out to be singes and musicians. Mr. Jones then stated that he was about, for the first time, to attempt to blend dry political diecussion with a musical entertainment, hoping that by these means he should attract many persons on whose minds he was desirous of engrafting essential political knowledge. The programme of the evening would be as follows : —There would be no chairmrn—the musical entertainment would be divided into two parts, and he would himself deliver a lecture, also divided into two parts. Being determined to endeavour to preach political truth, be had to announce that-the Hall was engaged for a similar soiree on the first Tuesday in November. The first part of a vocal concert was then pros ceeded with, embracing several well-known songs, glees , and madrigals, and among them the " Mareeillaise," however, few, if any one seemed to recognise, vs it did not create any enthusiasm, and was not followed by the applause which greeted the other pieces, which were really very creditably performed. The programme included two "odes" written by Mr. Jones. The first, the Song of the Lower Classess," was very cleverly written ; simple to the very utmost in its language, it was yet rythmical, well balanced, and full of points ; and, being sung to a popular air, it was exceedingly effective. The other, " A Song of the times of Cromwell," was more pre tentious, less intelligible, and consequently far less telling. The first part of Mr. Jones's lecture was devoted to the consideration of the relations be— tween labour and capital, between employer and em ployed. After stating that England wis on the brink o► mighty social changes, and that the character of those changes depended on what was done before the crisis in the way of harmonising the interests of all classes, on the basis of justice to all and wrong to none, in which case he doubted not that things would go on in safe constitutional progress sion ; and deprecating all desire of setting class againt class, he proceeded to point out what, in his view, was the con dition of the English labourer in relation to capital. He urged that capital was nothing but the surplus production of working men, either immediately or remotely, and in very vigorous language denounced capital, as at present distributed, • as the curse of the labourer, ines much as he, the producer, had no share in that which he produced. He argued that in this country poverty was treated as a crime, and adduced a very remarkable case at Halifax, in which the majority of the hoard of guardians laid down the principle and acted on it, that a destitute able-bodied man who applied for parochial relief was guilty of the crime of vagrancy, and punishable and punished by imprisonment with hard labour. In the second port of his address Mr. Jones dealt with the question of the causes of poverty among the working classes, with nil its diffi culties for the present and its dangers for the future. He said that pauperism was owing to the simple fact that there was not work enough in England for th people, and that was entirely owing to the undeveloped resources of the land and the absence of cultivation, stating that there were in this country more than 28 millions of acres uncultivated, besides a vast quantity of arable land, which had been turned into grass land. He denounced the monopoly of great landowners, whose policy it was to depopulate the greater part of their estates ; and be entered into detailed statistics to make out his case. Certainly, as speci mens of oratory, and even of ratiocination, nothing could be much better than Mr. Jones's addresses, and they bore on them the impress of earnestness and sincerity, which were not among the least of their merits Notwithstanding a very stinging denunciation of the newspaper press by Mr. Ernest Jones, should his addresses not be given in alt their fulness and elaboration in the columns of the daily journals, we are obliged to content ourselves with the above sketch of his "political soiree," which, both as regards the rersonal efforts of the originator, and the highly decorous and intel ligent demeanour of his audience, was deserving of every commendation. 9s e, to Baml o t e h ,n e wi A inte u hi s i tiadrnieadnai:tigmrp( timbered at g ire tte n burthen of THE MERCANTILE MARINE OF AUSTRIA.—Th e nier their crews num bered thehl a 7 n ,e7 t n9d4 vessels ot of n pl ,asatu belongin g ydetahr e 34,434. Of these vessels, 662 were adapted for long voyages, and the rest were coasting or fishing vessels. NEW STEAMERS FOR CHILL—The Admiral of Chili, Don Carlos Williams, has been for some lime past residing in this country. lie has been engaged, on the part of the Chilian Government, in making arrangements relative to some machinery, which is being manufactured in Glasgow for a new line of government steamers, intended to ply between Chili and Peru. He is also superintending the building of a number of steamers in London. THE 'RAILWAY ROBBERIES AT LEEDS.-At the Leed Court House, on Saturday, before J. H. Shaw, E 8 , 4.., the recent robbery of wheat from the Marsh Line Station of the North Eastern Railway, at Leeds, was again investigated. Our report of the committal of Robert Fowler and John Keogh mentioned that grave suspicions attached to several of the servants of the company, and the evidence tended to implication the i • 'n of John Woodlock, the grain f oreman c f the station. On Saturday, Woodlock was charged with complicity • • in the robbery, and, after a vast quantity of evidence had been taken, the further hearing of the case was adjourned until Wednesday next, when the depositions will be fully taken for a committal to the sessions. Bail, after some consideration, was accepted for Woodlock's appearance. i.d Olt - COTTON : The market continues v ery steady, L- e to day has been active, and with a fair supply, Pri c b ooo fatly maintained. The sales—including 180 Perna; l, 7d to 711, 100 13ahihs 601, 250 Maranhams to ' i c ed* Egyptians7d to 721,1,500 Surats al to sid—arer eP for 10,000 bales, of which 3,000 are on speculation an export. the & to SUGAR: The market keeps steady, but owing bar' firmness of holders, the' sales are confined st native Madras at 403, with a few at 435, 25') bags Id pe. 4S', and 250 bags yellow grainy Bengal at 5 0 s cwt. joa s Pr e/ Bum : 50 puncheons Jamaica are reported at f . rates, and 50 hhds Madras at 2s 5d per gallon Prool44s6d COFFEE: The sales are confined to 70 bags Rio at to 49s per cwt. 00 1 RicE: We have only to report 250 bags broken at 0, od, and a small lot of Carolina at zas per C 7 3,1 ARGOLS.-20 cases Perugia white brought 7 09 753 61. to l'ifiv-teS SUMAC: 750 bags 9; 61 per cwt. Fusric : 60 tons common Spanish, ..e5 23 6ct LoGwooo : 40 tons Jamaica 1:4 17 64. BA r.wooo : 110 tons Barwood 10s' A _ RED S ANDERS WOOD :15 tons 8 123 fid per . "ton• ' LONDON. f p g SunAn: The market is firm, and the public sa—,os9# progressing steadily, but without spirit. Grocery quoted 553 to 583. th e. COFFEE : This article is steady. but not bri 3 l''Oed'' public sales do not show an ma t er ial alteration In the TEA: The trade are occupied with the samp les public sales declared for to-morrow. t Ted COTTON : 9JO bale; sold yesterday on 'Change °- full prices. O de' RICE: This article is rather dull, and prices:are 11 lower. RUM remains without alteration. de' LTP k.TRE : The tine descriptions are:about 6- tit ogir refraction 3, sold at 3.'s 6d. Peppar, Singapore, sold at; to 5; n Is 8 1 to 2A 9 1 ; mace. 24 to 2s 2d. 'JO ° SA GO : re d/1 sold at 233 to 295. c, In other artioles no materiaaalteration• generally are doll to day. ql lo TALLOW : The market is firm, at the annex e. , tions, viz. :—Town tallow, 51s 9,1 nett cash; r e a l to Y.C. on the snot , 50s 6d ; last three months, bus " 91. (o °4 BOROUGH Hop.—There is a steady demand for vie Weald of Kent and Sussex hops at firm prices. .f.:250,000 Corr e haedywahnecaeg notedt rad arminonMAafrokn manded full prices. Barley in short supply, an u e. " - foritf, has an upward tendency. Oats sold slowly a % de"cl. prices. Beans and pease scarce, and full , !agility Arrivals into London from Oct. 6 to Oct. Scotch—Wheat, 1.650 qrs; barley, 1,160 qrs Fo nr o Mark-lane , l t a h s i t s . 1 11 0 1;0 01 1 qrs; malt, 6RO qrs. Irish—Oats, 2,850 qrs. „pgo Wheat. 11,120 qrs; barley, 0,500 qrs ; oats, '"'" flour, 680 sacks, 500 barrels. dolt, Aft o MINES: Business in British mining. stocks IS e t Or w it prices in many cases are quoted lower. The nia l l, slOy the whole is flat, being prejudiced by the rise ill th e of money. In the Stock Exchange to-dap , 1 00°,0 Brazlian shares have been dealt in at 2i ; C on {n Brazilian at 3 ; Lusitanian at ti dis ; and Sortridgetioptg; at 34. Sehjoined is a list of yesterday's tran 7 s ac 6j, ? the Mining Exellanze:—Chancellorsville, „,; Ofge Gawton 17s 6,1, 18s 6d; Great Alfred , 14 0 ‘ , 1 , Sheb /, 31; Great South Tolgus, 1 %0 ton Down. 34, ; North Frances, 101; Forke , ,, - vorPoi; Sortridge Consols , 3 1-16, 3.16, 4. 4; South `-'O, 287; ; Wheal Edward, 21; Wheal Kitty (Le l o all Wheal Mary Ann, 364, 37i; Wheal Zion, 11, Stock Exchange : 134scean, 86* ; South Cara o , - ' Sortridge Consols, 3,4; Great South Tolgus, li" YESTERDAY'S MARKETS. .rltet r° 4l Cl 2! K BUTTER : Supplies at this uay 1.800 casks and firkins. There was a good full prices. say—Firsts, 112 s ; Seconds, 1093 ; ' 1 "" t oe! Fourths, 101 s ; and Fifths, 99s per cwt. OA, GLASGOW PIG IRON: Several thousand tou-A„ hands today at 66s 91 and his. There are reael v b g p ' let at 67s 3d per ton. GLASGOW CORN : The weather is still wet an d et li ty 0111 ( jot The supplies of grain and grain produce are pr f r ir A but the trade are operating to a good extent'd 6"' wheat of most descriptions sold at an advance per qr, and flour was held f or a r i se o f 6d to 1 ) Barley brought late ra t es, b u t b eans w ere alCe" Wier articles sold st ea dil y a t . f u ll y l ast weeks SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE VE R L, CTOBF: 9. HIGH WATER—Morn. 6 PO 34 O —Eve O n. 719 R —Heigh. . v , ote / ARRIVED. Tr i Oct. B.—Emily Jane, from Havre—Euphrates ( 0;4 Benin, Africa rePod SAILED. tr f tt C i ei, nl Ott S —Scamander (s.s.), for Alexandria—De t d ',l",,f, Franklin Ki. , g, New York—Teresa, Havana—Laco,fll„-00.7,',.,i'0-01! stantinople—Corinthian Triette—Mort, Nev" °- CrO" YAP' of Baltimore (s.s.). Philadelphia —Augusta, Ver 3 . / . a riSloC o ' American (s.s.), Montreal—Valdivia, Video—Douro j(8 1.;, Oporto—Shit:crock (s.), Hal Malta. e ' OUTPORT. OW 0 4 —. Quecnstown, Oct. B.—ArrivenVigilant, from A" -- 0 MA [MIME EXTRACTS. 0,4 Plymouth, Oct. 8 —The African mail steamer candy °' Nine, yesterday a' g 30 p.m , with 24 passmaers, and 3. 0 v, fa/1 . 0001 Ramsey, Isle of Man, Oct. 3.—The Mona's Qu ee ,,;', Liverpool, with herrings struck on the Great Ba l n i ncl , ,, t aer„ 0 the broke her boom. She then bore away for this Pla c `j e bill' t 10." the harbour, she struck on the bar, and was driven. wa s g!„, pler, where she received considerable damage, bu. er c on' harb )ur on the 2gth ult., atter discharging part Of I ' FOREIGN PORTS. A Pr ir i7 ( ? . : ) Ro f t m , a c n o d ns S t b a a n r ti k n — op b l o e h at h s e m le y e rn a a t . Pa rai Mary Wits n, hence at Fiume. Frankf 3rt (Ls.), hence at Naples. Arno (5.5.), Lucia, and Arnerigo—all hence at Oe_ n ,. ° oad Estaquia, Rosalie, and America (s.s.)— all hence r go ueo Reward. West Lothian, and Comely—all hence „ t . 97. A des (5.5.) sailed f em Smyrna for Liverpool , „ S %t, 09 . Tiber (9.5 ) paled front Tr'este for Liverpool , ?; 9. 1 Emilie sailed from Venice for Liverpool, Sept. 4 , Ser . Hat - flack (s.s.) sailed frompalerrno for Liverpo ol ' William sailed from D ee d s f or Liverpoo l . S e Pt• 2 0. Iberia sailed from Gibraltar for Liverpool, SePt" / 401 Pt , MARRIAGE. °el. On the 6,h inst , a t S t. John's Church, by the Mr. David Ross, to MlB5 Elizabeth Moore. - LIVERPOOL. A LEGAL ADVICE GIVEN WITH IDT A FEE.—Patrick Ryan, and James Nealy, were charged with stealing a quantity of ropes from a ship in the docks. The most remarkable feature about the case was this.—Mr. Goodier appeared for the prisoners, and, on cross-examination of the officer, he said the prisoners were leaving the dock with a donkey cart, and in it, under some rubbish, he found the ropes. Mr. Gaodier : They told you they h,,d the ropes ? No ; but they told me they had rubbish, and after I found the ropes they told me. (Laughter.) Mr. G.)odit - :r : Then I should advise all men to he dishonest in future, for there is no use in a man telling the truth to policemen to render them assistance ! The prisoners were remanded. Ax ESCAVE.—Robert Sutcliffe, and Mary Bralie, two persons who were very well dressed, were brought up by Scaife and Thompson on the following charge.—lt appeared tha►, about ten o'clock the previous night, the officers saw the woman in Soho-street, in campany of a gentleman The male prisoner, and another man not in custod fallowing them. They knew the woman to be a" sweetner," and the men " bludgetters," and they suspected all was not right—they watched their movements. The woman, after a good deal of " parley," induced the gentleman to go into Soho-square, out of which tl•lere was no egress. The two men stole on " tip toe" after them, and, in a few moments, the woman ga-re a loud cough, and the gentleman then made his appeara! ce, when the officers rushed on the parties and arrested the prisoners, but the second man got away. They asked the gentleman if he had lost anything ? and he at first replied that he had not, but, in a few minutes after, he came and said his purse was gone. Mr. Muck (for the prisoners): `Where is the gentleman ? He lives in Bi,kenhesd, arid will suffer the loss rather than come here ; he is afraid his name would get into the papers. Hr. Blink : Then there is an end to the case. In reply to his Worship, the officers said the purse was not found, but they had no doubt that the man who got off had the purse. Mr. Black: That is not evidence ; the prisoners must be discharged, as the charge is one of felony, and there is no evidence to sustain it. Thompson said that the prisoners were locked up as suspicious persons. Mr. Bluck : That won't do. Mr. Alderman Turner : They have had a very narrow escape. Discharge them. If they come here again, they will be severely punished, AN INGENIOUS DEFENCE.—John Thompson, with about sixty aliases, was charged with having stolen five sheets of copper from the ship Lady Blessington, in the Clarence Graving dock. The prisoner was stopped leaving the dockgate, with the copper tied round his body. The defence set un by the prisoner was as follows :—" Yester day evening I went into the docks, where I met the officir 674, and he told me to go and steal the copper, and he would make it all right by passing me out of the dock. There was a woman in the hut with him drinking whiskey ; and I went and got another bottle of whiskey, and we had a pull at it. I went and got the copper; and whilst I was away the woman and officer quarrelled, and she said she would "peach" on him, and then, in order to screen himself, he arrested me." This story, well told as it was, was proved to be a pure invention ; and it was shown that the prisoner was a weekly visitor to the court for the last three years. lie was fully committed for trial. BEFORE MESSRS. TURNER AND R. BENN VIOLENT ASSAULT.--A young man, who would come under the common designation of " a highly respectable gentleman," who gave his name as James Tunstall, a salesman, residing in Canning street,was charged by a young female, named Elizabeth M'Convery, for having committed a violent assault upon her. From the evidence it appeared that, about two o'clock in the morning, the prisoner met the prosecutor in North street, and, without any provocation, as she stated, he struck her several violent blows on the face with a stick, which he held in his hand. An alarm was raised, and the prisoner, after a sharp chase, was captured in Williamson square. The girl's face had marks of very severe usage. In reply to the cilarge, the prisoner alleged that the girl had robbed him, and he gave her a tap of a stick, when she returned him half a crown, and then he gave her another, when she returned him a second half crown, and, out of revenge, she charged him. The girl denied the statement as utterly untrue. Tne Magistrates said the assault was an atrocious one, and they therefore infFcted a fine of £5, or, in default of payment, two months' imprisonment. MR. ERNEST JONES' NEW POLITICAL DODGE. OUR TRADE WITH BRAZIL. From an annual Blue Book of the trade of various countries, just issued, we have an interesting return of the commerce of the empire of the Brazils. In referen ce to the export trade, the relative value and position of t he same . countries stands thus : Great Britain, 42 per cent' , Hanseatic towns, 12 per cent. ; France, 11 per cent.; and Portugal 10 per cent. From the table of the exports of sugar it appears that the production of that staple has net as yet been influenced by the abolition of the slave trade, al.l the increase or decrease seems to have depended upon local circumstances, or influences of climate and seasons. Fo n ' 1811 to 1845, inclusive, the average annual export was 36,000 tons; from 1846 to 1850 it was 47,500 tons ; aeu from 1851 to 1835 it was 48,100 tons. The Warta" tion of the next meet valuable of B raz ili a n products—coffee —has also increased c - msiderably, the average of the three yea's from 1841 to 1843 being 9,748 bags annually; 1844 to 1846, 16,435 bags ; from 1847 to 1849, 21,45 bag- ; from 1850 to 1852, 25,084 bags ; and from 1853 to 1855, 33,558 bags. Toe production of coifee has increased as that of cotton has diminished; and was fostered by the gradual rise of priees, Wh i L continued from 1841 to 1854. In 1855 the exports rur to no less than 56,476 bags, and hence the high everfe. of the last triennial period. Of this large quan t ,„l? 12,193 bags were exported to Great Britain. .1 thoug exports of cocoa shows a progressive increase, 1841 to not so remarkably as those of coffee. From 1843, the annual average exportation was 1,380 bet' from 1844 to 184 6 , it was 2 , 780 bags ; from 1847 to 1 8 " 3,860 bags ; from 1850 to 1852 , 5,150 bags ; and from 1853 to 1855, 6,820 bags. In the last ag mentioned Year the quantity exported was 7,100 bags, of which 4,144 beg" or considerably more than half, came to this wenn The exportation of hides rose progressively during the Is Greet Britain increasing in the same period from 2,87'! five years from 90 , 040 , to 134,231, the propo rtion taken etio 12,921. The production of rum is also steadily increasing and has more than doui,led within the last fourteen Ye l: was 4,300 pipes ; from 1844 tt",' 1846 it was 7,7 00 P J P a e s2e From 1841 to 1843 the average annual ex p ortt from 1847 to 1849, 7,300 p ipes; from 18 50 to ee risle r e 8,000 pipes ; and from 1333 to 1855, 9,500 pipes ; d in the lest-mentioned year to 10,575 pipes,. The reeet in pricing feature of this article is, that ite . increase ale value has far more than kept pace with the P ere -ly of production, the former, at the end of 185,5, being 11 "* . 4 treble what it was at the beginning of 18.51. 'the export:o tion of . tobacco does not show so large an increase es d foregoing articles, nor does much of what is etported eoel to England; but the British trade in Bahia tobaCco increasing at a much greater rate than that of any 06 . 11 's country, for while the total'exports of leaf tobacco dal' the last five years only rose from 60,027 bales to 8 8 9 3 , bales, the quantity taken by Great Brtain increased frri 366 bales to 3,188 bales. '!'here 6 appears o'oboi raw )° , believing that tobacco will, before many years, be the ei s r e d product of Bahia, its cultivation being much b e tter adeP. t oi e than that of the sug ' ar cane to the labour' o f free l A t migrants from Europe. The ' rosewood trade , tb6tl,Citr fluctuating, has, on the whole, been seraimp rov ing • an Great Britain is by far the lyst customer. e annual exportation tram 1841 to 1843 was 5,685 log g ; "di 1844 to 1846, 9,295 logs; from 1847 to 1849, 14,870 loszo from 1850 to 1852, 20,425 logs • and from 1853 to 1 1 %1; 21,850. Daring the last five years more than half the w.`ll, Quantity exported has been taken by Great• The value of the exports of diamonds from Bahia i° e ' ti o mated at £300,000 per aunum ; but there are nod ata up on which to f th e which an accurate calculation, or to arrive et pe number or value of those exported to this country. Brasil, are the largest consumers of the principal staple of 1 . 3 ';; ; ,4 so also . is England the country from which that flourish empire draws the manufactured goods which she "q u i a r ia The prosperous state of Brazilian commerce, disclose ths this official report, is, therefore, doubly gratifying, 811,,a and more so as there is every prospect of its conticeeee' permanency. TRADE REPORT, -WEDNESDAY , LIVERPOOL