The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-11-17 00:00:00

FOREIGN AND COLOAIAL. LATEST FROM AMERICA.-ARRIVAL OF THE CALEDONIA By the arrival of the Caledonia mail steamer, at seven o'cli ck on Sunday morning, after a run of thirteen days and a half from Boston, we have received Americamad vices to the lit instant. The new brought are not of a very Ariking character. The lafigt from the army on the fron'iers of Mexico is from Monterey on the 6th ultimo. The evacuation of the city by the Mexican troops had been effected without disturbance, and the Americans had completely invest , d it. General Taylor's force there was reported to be 5,000 men. Santa Anna, with a force of 13,00 men, was said to have reachedSaltillo on the 28th Sentra ber, and at once commenced fortifying that im por ant position. He was also stated to be fortifying the line. of Rinconader, and warm work for the invading am y of the Americans was expected on tt of the armistice. Reinforcements were on the route to jolt, Gtneral Taylor. Two duels were pending at Ca matgo between two pairs of the leading cfficers; and the d Rancheros under Canale. s were commi movement bac seri , us ravages and even murders. _ From the Army of the Crntre a forwar been uiad out f 26th Srpt dvance, consisting "of 1,500 men, set San Antonia en route toward-. Chihuahua, on the ber ; and, on the 291 h, Gen.ral Wool with the rear brigade of 2,000 men started. The route of the expedition would be along the Prendo de Rio Grade, from whir:, place the passes of the n-mantains are distant not more than forty miles. and these could be defended by a few r L•olute men against great odds. Many supposed resist,mce would be made The difficul y oi . obtaining suppl.i, it was apprehended, would be great. Letters from the Army of the Right had been received un to the 11th September, dated Santa Fe. Genetal Kcaroey had made a successful tour in New Mexico ; and num era of the inhabitants, with many tribes of Indians, bad come in to tender their allegiance. General Armigo be..l arrived at the town of Manzano, with only 60 men, being all that would follow him from Santa Fe. He states to t i ne Commandant-General (Ugarte) that the popula tion was generally in favour of the American Government, and that the United States troops in Santa Fe, he was certain. did not exceed three thousand, nor fall short of twent‘ -five hundred. General Ugarte subsequently =arched at the head of !mil troops as 1 e c ,uld find in the (let art mfrit of Chihuahua, for the pu posa of proceed ing to Santa Fe, followed by Genf.ral Artnik) will' his sixty men as a rear enard, but while on the road, General Armijo, who was one day's march behind General Ugarte, sent an express to tne latter to inform him that he had le.•Twiri positively, and beyond ail doubt. that six thousand Americans would appear in the presidio del Norte on the last da; of August pr,cisely. Whereupon General Ugarte came to a halt. From the Pacific squadron we have accounts of conside rable importance. The investment of Monterey took plays- on the 7th June last; of San Francisco on the 9th. On the 15th July, the Ideate Congress arrived with Com- dor , Stockton. On the 16th, the British admiral, G F Seymour, arrived in the Coltingwood. 80; and an interelrange of courtesies and assistauce took place, and on the 23d be left for the Sandwich Islands*The circum sta.,ee of his visit was viewed as affording an evidence that England would not interfere to prevent the absorption of California in the American reruhlic. The whol coast, iron. San Diego southward, had been declared to be under blockade, on the 19th August, by Commodore Stockton, who had assumed the title of Governer of California. San lit :s was to be made the rendezvous for pr'zes. Two coos ing vessels had been seized by the United States ship Cv.ne, and a third had been cut out of the harbour of - 11aritlan. The late governor of the deparunent of Cali forn a had massacred three Americans at Monterey, early in Ju y, and had afterwards retreated southward. Fremont, the explorer, with a company of r flemen, had been de spatelo-d southward, in order to intercept their route to Mexico The original revolution in California, it appears, arose horn Castro having attempted to dr i ve from the country all fore.gners who were not Roman Catholics. Ca tall Fremont took up arms in consequence of his baying been attacked, and jlined the inhabitants in their xis , . g • Th- Bdt/ices from the Gulf of Mexico extend to the 6th Octi , her inclusive. Affairs remained undisturbed. Alva. radii and Tamp;co, i was generally anticipated, would he imu e , liiitely attacked. The Mexican schooner recently cawur,rl had been fitted up with four forty-two pound Carron/ogs, and was destined, it is said, to lead the attack upon the former place. A Texan ranger, captured in May ldst, had escaped to the fleet. Free communication was "nen with the Mexicans at Anton Lizard.). A French brig, with a cargo of warlike sores, had run the bi“..k.tie with success- Th , - account; from the interior of Mexico inform us that the government is involved in some straits to carry on th, war, but ate assisted enthusiastically by all classes of the population, A een-e of the 11th September, by the Mexican Go vernnwot, admits .ny merchant vessel forcing a blockade to any Mexican port free of tonnage duty, and receives the ea's° at three-quarters the importation duties. The Spanish Government had issued a decree forbidding the erantint of any Mexican letters-of-marque in the is land of Cuba or its dependencies. The neutrality of Yucatan had been rut a stop to. The pditi , al and domestic affairs of the Union are un- itovortant Wis,ter was rapidly setting in. Snow had fallen both notch »nd south. The Hon. Henery S. Fox, late British Ambassador at Washington, died in that ci•y on the 14th of October. W e have acc , nnts of further disasters from the Havana hurricane. The United States Brig of War, Perry, bound for Chaflerton, was lost on a reef at Key West, comman der a, d crew saved. An immense fleet of other vessels stet the same fate on these reefs. Key West and Sand Key lighthouses were washed down; and the town of Sand Key itself has almost - Obstippcarroi—ucrs- more - than six out of six hundred houses having escaped injury. Most of them are unroofed or blown down; and the strerts are filled with rubbish, and the whaves, &c. swept away. A great many persons were drowned or killed by the falling of buil tines. Accounts from Venezuela and from Carraccas announce the occurrence of ' , volutions ig both those states. Snow had 'alien at Quebec. Toe advanced price of colonial staples in this country bad Oven a great impetus to the produce trade. Vessels were ,cdree, and freights were higher. MONEY MARKET, Since the date of our last is-ue the steamer of the 4th October, from Liverpool, has brought us most important commercial intelligence from England and Europe gene rally. The effect of these advices upon our produce mar ket R as very s•milar to that produced by accounts of the same character ah'ch reached us on the Ist of November, 1815 Fl ur immediately rose to .6,25 per barrel for good brands of G , nesee, Troy, and Ohio and Michigan, and fai- descriptions of Wheat were sold at from .81,25 to -B'l 33 per bushel. In Butter, Chee , e, Lard, and Pork there were also COnsiderable advances, but not so great as this in Flour and Grain. But as usual in the United States, and particularly in our market, the furor was as brief in duration as it had been violent, and the price of Fleur began to decline from this high mark within the next teae.•ty-four hours. Truss far the commercial community has experienced but little embarrassment ►rom the long continued move nieot of government funds in one direction. Money is easily obtained tram the banks at the customary rate of 6 per cent., and the prices of stocks ate an evidence of the slight fluctuation in the money value of property. The quotations for the urincip,l stocks sold at our Ex change boards well scarcely show a variation of one per cent. for the last two weeks. United States Sixes and Fives have declined within a few days perhaps about z per cent. Pennsylvania Fives have risen perhaps one per cent. in all, and are now quoted at 671 for cash. Railroad share- have generally experienced a sliehr improvement, and nearly all these cotverns iu the United States are doing a most profi.able business this year. COTTON Previous to the arrival of the Caledonia, the market bee me languid, anti .tiles were very limited, and vrevioLs ra es sib great difficulty maintaked. On the receipt of the , news, sates became more active with an advance of I during the osst seek. This week, the advent or fr. , -ty weather, shieh leaves no doubt of its having ex tetoled ,ver the cotton region, and arrested the further gtowth of ti•e plant. ha• had the t fleet ~ f stiffening the in.rk , t. which has advanced another id., making the why lrr ad‘soce since the arrival of the Caledonia equal to 1. 8 cent per lb. THE RIVER PLATE. 1-IPr Maj-s`v's s earn frigate Gnrgnn, Commander Cr. u , h, rut 111 uth on Thursday. under exnva•s. fuel being exhausted. and after three day.' hard thrishif•g in the Chat.nel ai h the prevailing easterly a d north ea•►erlv winds. Tlt Gorcott left Monte Video on the 13'h of Septem ber ; Rio Jan in., 22.1; and Bahia, 30th following, bring b""ttnd to Spirhrad with Mr. Hood, the late commissioner de ut ti to settle the differences between the Buenos Ayr-en and M , rite Videan republics. aid who, accompa nied ht his son and secretary (L eu•enant Hood, U.N.), landed at Fa►mouth, ants woreeded for Lowing,. By this arti al we are sorry to learn that all the at tempts strenuous', and faithfully errt•ed by Mr. Hood to wed ate between the hellivereot parties have totally tailed eve,. at the moment of c• rnpletion, 11..sas having at last irefu.:ed to some to tern a unless the blockade was first ra'-ed, which could not he comp►ied with whilst his army remained in the provirce of he Oriental Republic. it i- supposed Mr. Hood has hastened home for fur ther i struction.. and after conferrifg with the govrrn went will embark on his mission, and endeavour to es tablish o..are The ffi..ers of the Gorgon represen , 'bat matters were in a very unsarisf4etory t-tate in the river on their depar ture. and were likely to rowirap- so ut.til hoseilities were put an end to by neg.•tiation or otherwise. I,nrd Flrnughani dined on Friday .eric with M. On'znt. Connr.o, the acrornidiee in the erc.pr of Prince Lnuia Napolenn. has been released from prison. and in tends, it. is said. to go to England. _ A grAnd hatlinet was given i n the 3'ith to the re lebiated Rouge at .t wt ;eh 180 mithos "ere pre,ent. The ht alth of Pope Plus IX. att, among,' Ow t 4. Tiit GOVERNOR-GENERAL. OF TOE CANADAS.—W , ' ttitt-twavet !kw hi% E.e r ti,nry the E ri nt FLitt. whet.e deptrt.,,, fo , r tne sat of hi- vvrinn.ent is exneett - t1 to take nhteein ab ut three weeks. will n+ t. in the first acco' , parried by h;s bride. Tn brave the ,ev e• riv or a Csmnii , m wititer is considered an r-xi eriniero ra ttier too bszirdons, snit rh, vAvage of t h e f.„,,,,,p5 n1 1l he put I ff 111.til th' ensninz st , ring, rvh , n r•-jnin InT 1 , rd. Th;t , will not he the first visit of Lady Elgin tit rur No th A rnericAn col ~,, ir.. a. she aceomvan , ed h r late no. ti e Earl of whet he vrtn , nut to as inor,e the adrnit,is• rat ion or their affairs,and v.-mauled with him during the whole of his transatlantic re,ide IRELAND. All the flax spinning mills at Belfast, amounting to twenty-seven, have been put on " three quarter time." A boat was upset a few days since at Waterford, and five persons drowned. Upwards of £70,000 was remitted by the Irish Board of Works to the country for the payment of labourers in the course of last week. On Saturday week, three carts of flour on their way to Ballinasloe were attacked by a mob and seven sacks stolen. More would have been taken but the police came up. The Marquis of Conyngham has made a reduction of twenty-five per cent in some instances, and of fifteen in Nation, the Rev. John Kenyon, a , talks of " the desperate infamy over the close" of O'Connell's career, and con hat it is time for Ireland to seek another leader. , e Irish markets in grain and other kinds are going nd this is general in every quarter. In Scotland, same results are experienced ; the farmers who held back being satisfied that they played a foolish card. Messrs. Hayes and Co., coach proprietors of Down patrick have had nine horses poisoned within the last few months. On the death of the ninth horse, a veterinary surgeon was sent for, and detested a large quantity of In a let Roman Catholic priest. poison in the stomach The Irish Court of Queen's Bench has grantedto Lord Lucan a conditional order for a criminal information against the proprietor of the Mayo Telegraph, for a libel on his lordship. The articles complained of reflected on his lordship's character as a landlord. have resolved to petition for such alterations in the Be "as will render it acceptable to the bishops, the clergy, and tire people of Ireland." Their reverences must be clever hands if they can effect a settlement of such a question to please every body. In a letter to the Freeman's Journal, Sir Robt. Knae denies the statement that the potatoe commission cost the country £18,400, and doubts whether it cost the odd £4OO. He; himself, gave his services gratuitously, and his colleagues, Professor Lindley and Piayfair, had three guineas a day and their travelling expenses. A man named Cornelius Crowley has been committed near Cork, to the charge of the wilful murder of his wife. When the poor woman was found, her skull was broken to atoms. The husband said he was starving, having not eaten anything but an onion for twenty-Jour hours, and that his wife had plenty of money. On searching her 3 lOs 6(.1. was found in her pocket. Numbers of perbons well able to pay have refused to I , quidaie their parish roars in the county of Mayo. but they are to be proceeded against. The , sorkhouse at Cas- tlrbar wr,uid have been closed, and 200 wretc, es lett to starve, but the Earl of Lucan has advanced from his private purse money for the last six weeks to sustain the paupers Tne papers received from the King's County, the counties of Limerick, Tipperary, Waterford, and Cork contain lists of outrages perpetrated within their bound aries during the previous few days. With the exception of a few, there is no variety in the general character of the offences from that which is so common—namely, the plunder of provisions and fire-arms, assaults, and the posting of threatening notices, &c. THE GUN TRADE FLOURISHING.—" Of all trades a-g.ing" the gun trade in Tipperary is the best. The market is brisk', and prices moderate. Every man is li censed to shoot, and human game appears to get the pre ference. From al quarters we learn that " the fowlers" are out early and late, and every man has either a handy detonator, or one of the old stock in good order. How tong wilt such a state of things be permitted to exist 1— Tipperary Constitution. BARBAROUS MURDER.—On the 2d inst., a barbarous murder took place at Clogheen. Mayo, cf a man named Michael Burke, by his wile. They had been married but a few months, the woman having been the widow of a former husband. It seems to have been managed to make the unfortunate man drunk, and then, when got to his bed, he was murdered in his helplessness by a blow on the left aide of the head, above the ear, which frightfully broke in the greater portion of the skull, the brain awfully prnt.uding. Burke had been a man of great physical strength, and a very harmless and inoffensive person. LORD JOHN AT A DISCOUNT.—The priests of the diocese of tit. Jarlath's have unanimously pronounced Lord John Russell incompetent to the duties of his situa tion—that his conduct towards Ireland is "a base delu sion '—that bt• has " aggravated the sufferings of the people by specious and hollow promises, which he had no intention of fulfilling." In their speeches and letters to the local newspapers, the Mayo priests boldly advocate the return of Sir Robert Peel to power, and the priests of Limerick, Clare, and other districts are nearly as ex plicit as their brethren in the county of Mayo. The Limerick Reporter publishes four affidavits made on the Ist of November instant before Carbery Scully, Esq., J.P., at Newport, in the county Tipperary, which disclose a fearful state of destitution. In the first a labourer swears he has a wife and two children to sup vort, is able and willing to work, but cannot obtain em ployment, and that the previous day they had but one meal, which consisted solely of cabbage and salt ! The second man deposes that he has a wife, mother, sister, and child to support, can obtain no employ merit, and that they have subsisted on cabbage and an occasional turnip. The third man bas a wife and five children, and the fourth a wife and four children. PUBLIC HUMILIATION.—Dr. Whateley, the Arch bishop of Dublin, has fixed Friday next, the 20th day of November, to be observed throughout Ireland as a day of pub is humiliation and prayer, in reference to the scarcity in Ireland. His Grace considers it most important that the sacrament of the Lord's Supper should be adminis tered, and that in the sermon the congregation should be shown how to view and meet the calamity, and in parti cular should be guarded against, " presuming to pronounce %/Am. creriskolocs Us. as.a c 15pm:1at sunerers are necessarily objects of Divine displeasure." lie wishes the congregation to he warned against desponding. and such of them as are not likely to he personal sufferers against regarding the exemption as any sign of being special favourites of heaven. THE O'CONNELL TENANTRY.—On Weenesdav last, about three hundred labourers, chiefly resident in the neighbourhood of Cahirciveen, met at a bridge about a mile east from that town, and marched in military order to the house of a magistrate, Mr. J. Primrose, who has been distinguished for his exertions in procuring work for the distressed peasantry. When arrived there, the gen tleman in question was not at home; and they returned to Cahirciveen to endeavour to persuade the engineers to set them to some work which would enable them to pro cure food The whole are said to have exhibited signs of horrible destitution, tottering as they went along, from weakness and exhaustion. Where is their middleman landlord, Daniel O'Connell, in such an emergency of his truantry ? One would imagine that to him, instead of to a Protestant neighbour, they would have applied to pro cure employment and food. IRISH POVERTY AND WILLINGNESS TO LABOUR.— It appears, by a semiofficial statement that the number of persons receiving employment through the Board of `Yorks, was 110,251 But even these are not permitted to work unmolested. At Mallow, the magistrates have determined to call in the military to protect such of the People as are willing to work. 250 labourers, earnine some Is. 6d. a-day, others Is. 8d , were actually driven cif the road by a band of miscreants acting under some mis• chievou. delusion. The readiness to combine for any mischievous or irrationally selfish purpose, is strikingly illustrated in the Irish correspondence of The Times. A person in Mallow took a contract for 1000 wheelbarrows. No sooner was this known, than the carpen'ers advanced their price fur working up the materials from 2s. 6d. to 4-. 6d. ; the smiths in like manner raised their charges; so that the contractor, if he had not been able to call in some coin try carpenters. would have been compelled to uav 14s. for what .as worth 10s. This, too, in a period of great privation, and when the object for which the con tr,,c' was ¢iren was met% a charitable one. THE " FINE PEASANTRY."—A short while ago, the Swallow weather, .hilst on her passage from Limerick to Tralee, wilt, a cargo of meal to relieve the wants of the destitwe people, was driven on shore by a strong gale. An officer of the Shannon squadron thus describes the conduct of the peasantry o f the neighbourhood where she is heached :—'• At the time of writing this, the Swallow is still no shore, although the Pluto, Alban, and a party from the Madagascar a. e ge ting all ready to set her afloat. The copprr has been stripped and carried off by the very honest peasantry, anti the marines and sailors have been plunder , tl in a m-st sham-lot way. As a sign of the times, th e Lieu'enan , who has the direction of getting the Swal low (if, employed thirty men at Is. per diem—rourpence more , han the standing wiges. He required on Friday two hundred more to :et the vessel off; the magiorate kindly go' the men : thee were only required for half an hour and were t.• he paid the Is. per diem for their half hott, wwk, wip n joist as they had (Fanned the purchase- f4l 's miserable. lotlf-siatved fellow stepped out and said, • Caottun. what e ill v. U give us ?' Where h, was told thr were to receive the 1,, he save ar , aular Irish howl, d , op • d the fall, arid r0,11,d off, exelaimitiz, Bad eess to II e soul of the man that would work for that ; they ean oot do without us. s, let us off." and off they went, leaving the thirty that were there before. The tide had taller,, cod there rettarned the Swallow. This is a sample of the nyarviog people." RkPEAI .—Nlr. O'Connell addressed the repeaters at Cooc,ba,ion Hall on Monday. lie complained that they were lik e ly t o have a Tory Lord Mayor at Cork, through the handiwork of Youhg Ireland, and then went on to ‘ay—" Now, the Nation, of Sal urday, had stated that he (Mr O'(oone'l) had called that party ' a phalanx;' but he begged pArd n the Nation, and wished to say !hat it had originated the name itself, and he had only adoped it. and M . o • Brien had confirmed it. Ile did not care what the young gentlemen called themselves; whether a %ming phalanx, .ran old phalanx, or a noble phalanx; they might adopt the latter name if they pleased ; and y themselves w , re still satisfied with being called Old I e•and Tt-re was then a noble phalanx on one side, and , he we' Assoeia.ion on the other. Mr. O'Brien, the hr.(' o' this Noble phalanx. said he (Mr. O'Connell) ugly. hut. unfortimately, he could not help it, and he 'to ught tt ea- ratle r harsh to abuse him for what he e „,,i,1 .. o t I tip; Ip,weter he was .ati,fiert with the reflen- on. Ow con r 0 'h. Y-une Irelar:ders were no great heiiu i•s ihenisehi s. and I e wotith-red w: old any of them e.ei licr tr ots+nd hriort• an I ii.h audience to ask if they 1,,, ( 1 .111 w le,l to, their cootory f r half a century. This noble • ph, .ical ti rev I l alai x' were employed in doing iitoh og land. Why. he would a-k, did they not ro, an a,,s , c atioo for therto.elye,.? He would tell the ••io d fbr 112'4 it safer to fight with types a. , d prig tf-ra' than to r , sort to the sword, which they I t,d d ao truci , ; if ev were. as they I literarysaid, Wi , v.. , hi i2adiew •general ;at least, who was to fib 'll,t ;mat hr d d tot koow. It was to be a literary v , ie. ce e het ae , e to rrovlov ; they were to use their n.kes. and tin-ir pencils as bayonets; such was Ihe yi,n, q , relandt courage." Tue rent for the week was 188. 'Delwin% £2 2s. 6d. ftatu Liverpool. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. The Railway Record says that an amicable arrange• ment is likely to be come to between Mr. Hudson and the Great Northern Railway Company. THE RAILWAY BOARD.—The Gazette announces the appointment of Mr. E. Strutt, Earl Granville, Sir E. Ryan, and Capt. Brandreth, R.E., as the Commissioners of Railways. They commenced to act on the 9th inst. THE TRENT VALLEY RAILWAY.—The works of this line are proceeding very rapidly. The junction has been formed at Rugby, and there is every prospect of the line being opened early next year. A railway bridge recently erected at Mortimer, near Reading. over the Berks and Hants branch line of the Great Western Railway, fell suddenly last week, and the lives of three workmen were unfortunately sacrificed. At a special meeting on Thursday, Mr. Hudson car ried into effect the long-expected measure of raising the £l4 1.65. shares of the Eastern Counties' Railway Com pany to £20., by means of a small additional payment, and a bonus of £4. The Scottish Central Railway is about to pass into the hands of the London and North-Western, Lancaster and Carlisle, and Caledonian Companies, and the shareholders of the undertaking have approved of the terms upon which a lease in perpetuity is to be completed. LOSS OF LIFE ON THE LANCASTER AND CARLISLE LINE OF RAILWAY.—It has been computed that one man has been killed on every two miles of the above line; but we think that this calculation will fall much below the average, as between Plumpton and Hughes Cragg Viaduct, two men, if not three, have lost their lives to every mile of railway formed —Kendal Mercury. LANCASTER AND CARLISLE RAILWAY. — The works upon this line are rapidly progressing towards completion. On Friday week a train left Carlisle at seven o'clock, and arrived at Lancaster between twelve and one o'clock—the actual travelling having occupied about three hours and a half, inclusive of stoppages. This was the first train that came through. Several of the directors as well as the en gineer, were well satisfied with the state of the works. They have resolved to open the line throughout as early as possible. BIRMINGHAM AND OXFORD, AND BIRMINGHAM, DUDLEY, AND WOLVERHAMPTON RAILWAY COM PANY.—An arrangement has been come to by the direc tors of these amalgamated companies with the Great Western Board, for the sale of the united lines. The terms are £lO ss. premium per share, to be paid on the completion of the lines-5 per cent. to be paid on all calls made in due comae, or 4 per cent. if the whole thare capital be paid up at once. The Great Western are to provide all additional capital that may be required. LIABILITIES OF PROVISIONAL COMMITTEEMEN.- In the Court of Common t'lems. an action was brought by Mr. Parrett, advertising agent, to recover from the Hon. F. H. Berkeley, M.P., the sum of £2OO, for advertising the prospectus of the Birmingham and Buckinghamshire Railway, of which it was alleged defendant was a pro visional director. The plaintiff, not being in a position to prove that the prospectus in which the name of the de fendant appeared bad been issued by the officers of the company, was nonsuited. _ _ RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—On Sunday night week a dread ful accident took place on the Lancaster and Carlisle railway, near Kendal. A part? of sub-contractors and others decide] on a pleasure trip to Sbap, to celebrate the completion of the line, and proceeded with two en gines. On returning one of the engines preceded the other, and was incautiously left standing on the rails, in the way of the other. A collision was the consequence, which dashed the former engine . to pieces, and dreadfully injured those on the latter, which were thrown off in all directions. One man was forced into the engine furnace and was most severely scorched. SPEED ON THE NARROW GAUGE.—It is stated to us on very good authority, that one of Mr. Stephenson's outside cylinder engines, with six-feet-six driving wheels, took a train of eleven carriages, weighing about fifty-five tons, over the London and North-Western line between Leighton and Tring—viz., nine miles in twelve minutes— that is, from station to station, including getting up speed when departing from the Leighton, and reducing it when arriving at the Tring station. This gives an average speed of forty-five miles per hour. Of the nine miles, six are on an ascending gradient of 1 in 330, and the remaining three on an ascending gradient of lin 1,650. If our in formant be correct, this is certainly the greatest perform ance yet achieved by the narrow gauge engine, as seven of the nine miles must have been travelled over at upwards of sixty miles per hour. THE LEVIATHAN RAILWAYS.—The Morning Herald sums up a long article at the head of their railway intel ligence in the following terms :—" We repeat there are indications of a better understanding between certain great railway companies—namely, the Great Western and the London and North Western. We believe we fully understand how amity between them may be conducive to their interests, apart from the saving that must be effected by a discontinuance of their opposition ; and even exclusive also of any agreement that may be come to, or may have been come to, that the Oxford and Birmingham line shall not, as the Railway Record, the best informed and most able of the railway journals observes, be made needessly and wontonly a source of offence and discom forture to the neighbouring North Western.' That it is the interest of the Great Western and London and North Western Companies to act with and not against each other, no person will dispute. We believe that they will soon act together, but we trust we shall not see the amity of these two great companies followed by their united opposition to another gigantic union of railway interests. Such a contest might justify, if it did not occasion, par liamentary interference." FINANCIAL SUMMARY OF THE WEEK. (From the Britannia.) __ SATURDAY MORNING Tbe Consul marlz.b.t lusts boart much atearliar rh.rioe the week, and prices have now recovered the sadden fall they experienced a fortnight back. A fair share of business has been done, though there seems generally an absence of speculation. The exchanges continue to decline, and it is thence in ferred that we must speedily expect a considerable export of bullion to take place. By the Bank returns, however, it would appear as if the drain were rather on the decline than the advance. The Gazette return of last night an nounces the stock of gold and silver bullion, for the week ending Saturday last, to be £14,235,885. as compared with £14,309,895 in the week previous. This shows a de crease of £74,010 in the issue department but in the banking department the stock of gold and silver coin has risen from £498,184 to £524,621, so that the total de crease is less than £50,000, a sum quite inconsiderable when compared with the large stock of bullion at the Bank disposal. As, however, considerable purchases of grain are still being made, and the premium on English bills in America has risen to nearly 0,90 per cent., it is not improbable that a considerable shipment of bullion will shortly be made. Money is much less plentiful than it has been for some time past. No certain change has been made in the rates of discount, but paper is not so readily negotiable without an advance. Consols left off firmly last week, week at 941 for money, owing to a large purchaser coming in for the Court of Chancery. On Monday prices were merely nominal, from the bustle of Lord Mayor's-day. Tuesday the market was fair at an advance, Consols for money and account being 941 to a. Wednesday another improvement took place, and, as stork was scarce, prices for money and the account on the 28th were the same figure, 941 to i t. Thursday prices were reduced by one-eighth, being done for money and account at 941 to .1. Yesterday the amount of business was not large, and the prices remained unal tered. For money and for the approaching settlement they were as on the previous day, 941 to ;.1. Bank Stock has been done at 2041: India Bonds, at 255 to 257. Exchequer Bills, I Is. to I 4 s. premium. New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents., 951 to 951. In the Foreign Market we notice an improvement in Spanish Stock. The Five per Cents. were done yester day at 261, and the Three per Cents. at 371. Portugu-se Bonds are still deplorably low, 381 to 381, but more con fidence seems to be felt in the success and stability of the Government. The quotations are only nominal at pre sent. Equadot have been marked 31 ; Spanish Deferred Stock was quoted 171; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. have been at 59 ; and the Four per Cents. at 911 to 921; Mexican Five per Cents. are 221. The Share Market has felt a partial reaction after the late rise ; but prices are still well maintained, and in some lines continue to advance. Less business has been done this week, but on the whole the market still wears a healthy aspect. A good deal of speculation still goes on in Oxford and Birmingliams. There is still no very satis factory or well-authenticated account of the rumoured ar rangement get wren this company and the Great Western. The terms which we find are most generally relieved to be the true ones b% the parties whom we would expect to be best informed are. that " ten pounds or ten guineas per share of premium is to be paid on the completion of the line, which it is u”derstood wig take place in two years from this time, and that in the meantime interest at the rate of four per cent. is to be paid upon the " calls " which have been paid up. These we give as the terms which we find most generally believed by the best in formed. Eastern Counties have improved, owing to the favourable statements made at the half-yearly meeting this week. A very active and influential agitation is in progress against the continuance of the present high duties on tea. It is felt that the article is extravagantly taxed, that ex tended consumption is thus prevented, and that our trade with China is fettered. Government, it is anticipated, will see the prudence of giving immediate attention to the subject. The grain markets continue •.o decline; but the accounts from the manufacturing districts are still gloomy, and " short time" seems now to be generally adopted. SATURDAY EVENING The English funds opened steadily this morning, b u t receded immediately upon the publication of the news from Portugal. Consols were first quoted 941 to I, but were afterwards done at 94, at which price they closed, with some appearance of heaviness. Three per Cents. Re duced left 0ff931 ; Three-and•a-Quarter per C e nts. , 95 4 , to _ a ; Long Annuities. 9 15.16; I oilia Bonds, 18s. to 245. premium; and Exchequer bills, 10s. to 13-. premium. Not much business was transacted in foreign stocks this afternoon. Influenced by the Vile o► affairs in the English market, prices presented a flat appearan ,e. Portu guese experienced a decline in consequenceof the news from that country, but the dealings were of little or no moment. The latest bargains in this stock were at 37 to a for money, and at 37 to for the account. Spanish Five Cents. . , dosed rather dull at about 26 for money ant the ac count, and the Three per Cents. at 37a. The other prices were—Mexiran, 1,,r money, 22, and for the account at 221; Dutch Tao-and-a HAll per Cents., at 50; and the Four per Cents.. Certificates, at 91i. In the Stock-Exchange there 1148 been an increased de mand for money, and three per cent. has been given. Out of doors there is no actual change, but the tendency is still towards an advance, LAW INTELLIGENCE. VICE-CHANCELLOR'S COURT.—THURSDAY. BREBNER v. Minn. An injunction was applied for on notice to restrain the Glasgow and Liverpool Royal Steam Packet Com pany, from appointing as their Liverpool agent any other than the plaintiff, on the ground, first, that there WAS an understanding when the company was formed in 1837, that he should be continued in his agency; and, secondly, that the shareholders had not delegated or autho rized the directors to dismiss the officers originally appointed. The deed did not give them this power, so, at least, it was contended. The plaintiff was dismissed, after notice, in December last. It was stated that it was the piaintifflLat the project had been conceived, and had ultimately proved successful, and he took a share in the concern. The Vice-Chancellor regretted the plaintiff had not applied vending the notice. With regard to the deed, it certainly did appear to him that the right construction was that which gave the managers the power of removing all the officers at their discretion. On these grounds he must refuse the motion with costs. VICE-CHANCELLOR'S COURT. Frinar DALE V. HAMILTON Mr. Romilly concluded the reply in this case, the facts of which were stated in a former report. His Honour, at the conclusion of the argument, ex pressed himself strongly in favour of the moral justice of the plaintiff's claim to a third of the profits on the specu lation in the land at Birkenhead which is the subject of the suit. The only legal difficulty which stood in the way of relief in this court was the objection, founded upon the Statute of Frauds, whereby a writing signed by the party was rendered necessary in order to establish a contract relating to land. On this question, on which so many authorities had been cited, he reserved his judgment. The winter assizes will be opened at Liverpool on the 6th December, before Mr. Baron Rolfe and Mr. Justice Williams. A rule to show cause why a criminal information should not be filed against the Medical Times, for an article re flecting on the conduct of Mr. Waklev, as coroner, in the military flogging case at Hounslow, has been granted oy,, the Queen's Bench. An important question, relating to tithes, and depending on an important construction of Lnrd Tenterden s Act, has been referred to the Court of Common Pleas ; but the judges of that court were equally divided in opinion, and consequently no decision could be given. A similar question, arising from another suit, has been referred to the Court of Queen's Bench, where the judges were also equally divided ; and the case will therefore be sent to the Court of Exchequer. It appears that in the action for damages brought by Mr. Cotton, the late Governor of the Bank, against the Eastern Counties Railway. for injuries sustained in the memorable accident of the 18th of July last, the company have allowed judgment to go by default. Under this course the damages will simply be assessed in the Sheriff's Court, and the company will escape the exposure of their negligence which would have taken place upon the whole subject being brought before a jury. In proceeding for damages, Mr. Cotton characteristically stated his inten tion to hand over to a public charity whatever amount might be awarded to him. CLERICAL NEWS. A purse of 544 sovereigns has been presented to the Rev. J. L. Capper, nearly twenty years curate of Waltham Holy Cross. Is IT TRUE?—We understand that a petition will be presented to both Houses of Parliament from the Rev. Dr. Thorpe, minister of Beigrave Chapel, on the subject of licensing curates, occasioned by the refusal of the Bishop of London to rtceive a clergyman into his diocese on the ground of his being an Irish clergyman. The Bishop has laid down the following rule Not to ad mit any Irish clergyman into the diocese of London un less he has been previously received into some other Eng lish diocese." It is obvious that if the other English Bishops acted on the same principle, the Irish clergy would be excluded from the church in this country, while Englishmen hold archbishoprics and bishoprics and some of the most valuable benefices in Ireland. Not only is this not doing justice to Ireland, but it is a direct infrac tion of the Act of Union. which made the two churches one, under the title of the" United Church of England and Ireland." It remains to be seen whether the Legislature will sanction this extravagance of the Bishop of London. —Times.—[Several of the London weekly journals throw discredit on this statement; but the Times is not a likely journal to make it without some foundation.] THE C:.URT FASHIONABLE. WORLD. To-day, the 17th instant, has been fixed upon as the day for her Majesty's departure for the Isle of Wight. The Queen will be accompanied by the Prince Consort and all the royal children. It is supposed the Court will not be absent from Windsor more than a fortnight or three weeks, three or four days of which time will be occupied by the intended royal visit to Arundel Castle. Her Majesty held a Privy Council, at Windsor, on Sa- turday. Prince Albert and most of the Ministers at tended. The venerable Earl of Harrowby, according to accomits received in Grosvenor-square, from Sandon Hall, Staf fordshire, is somewhat improved in health. SPORTING INTELLIGENCA There are forty-six Irish-bred horses engaged for the Leger, Derby, and Oaks of 1847. HORNBY CASTLE COURSING CLUB.—This meeting came off on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thunday last, over the grounds of Pudsey Dawson, Esq., of Hornby Castle. The attendance was numerous and respectable; and although there was a scarcity of hares, those that did get up were thorough game, and made some first-rate running. The Hornby Castle Club Cup, was won by Mr. Lamb's Lawyer, beating Lord Bective's Foig.a- Ballagh. The Hornby Castle Club Puppy Stakes, won by Mr. Moore's Merlin, beating Mr. Turner's Trip. The Open Stakes, declared to be won by Mr. J. Hornby's Glent, beating Mr. Edmondson's Creeping Jane; but after three undecided courses between Mr. Lamb's Lec ture and Mr. Wood's Kate, the stakes were divided be tween those two dogs and Glent. LYTHAM UNION COURSING MEETING.—The meeting of the above club took place at Lytham, on Thursday and Friday, over the grounds of Thomas Clifton. Esq. The hares were plentiful and strong, and afforded some most capital sport. The following were the deciding courses : —The Clifton Cup, for all-aged dogs, was won by Mr. Ridgway's Righthand, beating Mr. O'Grady's Obscurity. The Union Cup, for puppies, was won by Mr. Eden's Euterpe, beating Mr. Swan's Sherry Cobler. The Ly tham Cup, for all-aged dogs, was won by Mr. Peacock's Selina, beating Mr. Coupe's Handy. The Wyre Stakes, for all-aged dogs. won by Mr. Garven's Grinder, beating Mr. Bellhou , e's Bazillico. The Champagne Stakes,:for all-aged dogs, won by Mr. Parry's Phantom, beating Mr. Welsh's White Frost. The Claret Stakes, for all-aged dogs, won by Mr. Parry's Punch, beating Mr. Eden's Elius. WILLIAM SCOTT, THE JOCKEY.—Mr. Wiiliam Scott presents, in his proper person, one of the most successful of jockeys, and of the most eccentric of owners, the turf has produced for a long day. The sum-up of his success. extending over a period of rather more than twenty years. comes, even if we must split the difference between luck and merit, to this rarely-equallediresult :—Four Derbys: in 1832, for Mr. Ridsdale, on St. Giles; in 1835, for Mr. Bowes, on Mundig ; in 1842, for Colonel Anson. on Attila; and in 1843. for Mr. Bowes, on Cotherstone. Three Oaks : io 1836, for himself and his brother, on Cypriin ; in 1838, for Lord Chesterfield, on Industry ; and in 1841, for Lord Westminster, on Ghuznee. Nine St. Legers : in 1821, for Mr. Powlett, on Jack Spigott; in 1825, for Mr. Watt, on Memnon; in 1828, for Mr. Petre, on The Colonel ; in 1829, for Mr. Petre, on Rowton ; in 1830. for Lord Cbesterfield, on Don John ; in 1832, for Major Yar burgh. on Charles XII. ; in 1840, for Lord Westminster, on Launcelot ; in 1841, for Lord Westminster, on Sa tirist ; 3nd in 1846, on Sir Tattoo Sykes, for himself.— New Sporting Magazine. TEIE POLITE LETTER-WRITER Mr. Grantley Berkeley, it appears, has taken up his re sidence at Spetchley Park, near Worcester, the seat of his relative, R. Berkeley, Esq., and from that place has writ ten several letters to Mr. Visg,r, on the subject of the late meeting at Gloucester. The following is the corre spondence:— _ _ _ The Greenway, Nov 6, 1846 . Slit—ln the Morning Herald of the sth November (yesterday) the following sentence is reported as having been uttered by you at the semi.privste and most unconstitutional and unfair meeting held in Gloucester on Tuesday last. You are there reported to have K id, in speaking of me. In many respects he was a good member; in many others he was not ; and above all was the fact of his being ready, on account of some private mutter of his own, to throw the constituency over." Now, sir, if you did apply this passage of your speech in those terms to me, you hare stated that which is utterly, uncondi tionally, and disgracefully false; and you will, of course. see the necessity of making gond your words, or of correcting a report which, if uncontradicted, is calculated to do me consi derable injury. I await your immediate reply. A letter addressed by return of post to Spetchley Park, Worcester, will find me.—Your obe dient humble servant, GRANTLEY F. BERxitt.s.v. To Harman Visger, Esq., Bristol. Bristol. Nov, 7, J 84 6, SlR—The only reply I think proper to make to your , letter of yesterday is simply to acknowledge its receipt.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, (Signed) HARMAN VISGMR . To the Hon. Grantley Berkeley, M.P. Spetchley Park. Bpetchley Park, Nov. 9, 1845, Sin—l have received your letter of the 7th inst., and I there hold you Guilty of having deliberately and intentionally told a dis , _;raceful and unwarrantable falsehood in regard to " my being ready to throw over my constituency ;" and I shall publish this our correspondence.—pour most obedient. GRANTLEY F. BERKE' HY To H, , rtnan Visger, Esq., Bristol To this polite epistle Mr. Visger replies that Mr. 13(-ilteley is perfectly welcome to publish the correspon dence, and that in doing so he only anticipated his (Mr. Visger's) intentions. lie leaves it to the public to judge which justly is most open to the charge of falsehood. And here this little interlude ends for the present at least. Mr. Grantley Berkeley has published another tedious epistle, dated " Spetchley Park," in Friday's Mornilig .Herald. The letter occupies more than three columns of the paper ! I PROTESTANTISM AND THE APPROACHING ELECTION. The Rev. G. S. Faber, of Sherburn-house, Durham, a staunch Protestant for three-quarters of a century, has published, in the Protestant Magazine for this month, a most valuable letter of advice to the electors of Great Britain, from which we mhke the following extract :- 1. Hitherto, the daring sin of fostering and encouraging and endowing what our legislators themselves have de clared to be idolatry, rests solely with a Government which has deliberately and now repeatedly preferred poli tical expediency, or what has been fancied to be such, to a faithful fear of God. Through numerous petitions and protests, insolently disregarded as so much waste paper, the nation has repudiated the unhallowed deeds of their governors and, consequently, the wrath of Heaven has been tempered and mitigated. 2. But if, in the approaching general election, the na tion, with their eyes wide open, shall uninquiringly return a House of Commons, servilely ready to grant any en couragement and any endowment to Popery which may be advocated by a Ministry prepared to sacrifice God's word to an infidel ex; ediency : it is quite clear that, as in the parallel case of the ten tribes, the wickedness of the Governmerti will forthwith become the wickedness of the nation t is true, that various conscientious individuals may exonerate themselves personally from guilt, by re fusing all participation in the gross insult offered to the Almighty • but this will not prevent the sin from being national, if we return a House of Commons bent upon encouraging the declared idolatry of Popery, and upon discouraging the scriptural truth of Protestantism. Na tions as nations, have no existence beyond this present world. Consequently, here, as in the case of the ten tribes, must be the stage of their judicial punishment. 3. Are, then, my countrymen prepared to take upon themselves, and thus to make their own, the daring wick edness of their Legislature, or rather (God be praised), as I have noted above, the majority only of their Legis lature ? By this overbearing majority, under the influence of the day, their petitions have been so contemptuously disregarded, that they are sick of the hopeless task and unavailing trouble of sending any more. But they have not, I trust, been forgotten ; and now is the time to show, by something more stringent and energetic than humble petitions to a body which depends upon them. selves, and which is purely their own creation, what is really the national will, touching the encouragement of the repeatedly declared Idolatry of Popery. 4. Nothing can be more simple than the line of action, which on religious principles, every conscientious Pro testant ought to adopt. Let no honest man, who has a vote for county or town, give It to any candidate, unless such candidate will distinctly pledge himself to oppose all future projects for either endowing the Romish priest hood, from whatever source the endowment may be derived, or for making grants to their colleges in order to the more effectual propagation of what our senators them selves have pronounced to be Idolatry, or for juggling in to their hands exclusively, funds which are pretended to be devoted to national education, or for promoting the same unrighteous object in any other way which the in genuity of an unprincipled Minister may devise. Unless we possessed the gift of prophecy, it is clearly impossible to specify every mode of encouraging Popery and dis couraging Protestantism. But, to bind any really honest and honourable candidate as contradistinguished from a quibbling trickster who might have graduated in the con genial school of Jesuitism, nothing more can be necessary, than the signature of a written form, purporting, that, neither directly or indirectly, in any conceivable way that the perverted wit of man can devise, or with any reserva tions or particularities, or exceptions, will the candidate, if elected, vote for the encouragement or support or pro motion or endowment of Popery, whether such an en dowment respects the Romish priesthood at large, or May nooth and any other of their institutions in speciality. With this might be fitly associated a further pledge to re lieve us, if possible, from national guilt of paying the Col lege of Maynooth for the more effectual propagation of what those very persons, who thus shamelessly voted away the public money, have themselves solemnly de clared to be Idolatry. 5. Let such a plan he steadily carried out, and, through God's mercy, I shall not despair of my country. But, if by our return of an un-English expediency-mongering House of Commons, we enable the minister of the day, whoever he may be, to carry into effect any unprincipled scheme of a virtual infidelity, we then make his sin a national sin,—we then nationally challenge the Almighty to do his worst,—we then nationally court the very ex tremity of God's judgments. 6. Recent events, not particularly creditable to the actors in them, have given rise to what has been called The Country Party,—a party formed for the laudable pur pose of giving protection to native industry and produce. Cordially do I wish this English party all success ; but they will, I think, very much lower themselves in the public estimation if they confine their exertions to matters purely secular. While they strive to protect our property from the selfish rapacity of the master-manufacturers, they ought equally to strive for the protection of our re ligion against the infidel Popery-favouring liberalism of the present day. Unless this be done, it will naturally enough be remarktd to their disparagement, that, while they are zealous for the protection of property, they are indifferent as to the protection of true religion and as to the late shameless encouragement of false religion. Tbey were right in doing the one, but then, even for their own influence and credit, it is desirable that they should not leave the other undone. Would they aspire to the cha racter of a complete English party, they ought to guard the religion of England with at least as much care as the property of England. THE BREVETS. We give in another column a summary of the official announcement, • which iin,:w:77 d g i e r gl:ils " 'w7;o " fl:v r e r r i rc s e c ke r ci the staff of field-marshal are Sir George Nugent, General Grosvenor, and the Marquis of Anglesea. Among the lieutenant generals promoted to the rank of general are Sir Charles Bulkeley Egerton, Sir Peregrine Maitland, Sir Colin Halkett, and Sir Frederick Adam ; and the list of major-generals appointed lieutenant-generals comprises the names of Sir Charles James Napier (the governor of Scinde), Sir Edward Gibbs, Sir George Thomas Napier, Sir Hercules Robert Pakenham, Sir John E'arvey, Lord Downes, Sir Neil Douglas, the Marquis of Tweeddale, Sir Frederick William Trench, Lord Saltown, Sir Thomas Downman. and Sir William Maynard Gomm. Colonels Richard Egerton, Sir Henry George Wakelyn Smith, (the hero of Aliwal,) Sir De Lacy Evans, Sir Thomas Wiltshire, Sir Joseph Thack well, and Thomas James Wemyss are included among the colonels promoted to the rank of major-general •, and lieutenant-colonels Thomas Samuel Trafford, the Earl of Cardigan, the Marquis of Douro, and Sir John Mark Frederick Smith are among the lieutenant-colonels who have received the rank of colonel. The list of majors appointed lieutenant-colonels and of captains appointed majors, includes the names of t ajor Basil Jackson, and Captains Sir James Edward Alexander, and Henry Rowland Brandreth (one of the railway commissioners). The name which first catches the eye of the reader is that of Sir George Nugent, a gal lant veteran who has reached the age of 89, and who has been connected with the service of his country for no less than 73 years. He was engaged in the first American war from 1777, until its termination in 1783. Field Marshal Grosvenor entered the army in 1779. The Mar quis of Anglesey's services are well known. Sir George Cockburn is now the senior general in the army, having entered in 1779, and been promoted to the rank in ques tion in 1819. Fourteen lieutenant-generals have been made generals, so that the latter list is now a strong one. Sir Cohn Halkett, colonel of the 31st Foot, which suf fered so severely in the late war in India, Sir F. Adam and Sir Peregrine Maitland, three old Waterloo veterans, are in the batch promoted. By the further changes, several staff appointments will, according to usage, become vacant. Two of the eminent family of Napier have been promoted. Among the naval promotions we find that Sir George Martin is appointed admiral of the fleet ; and the list of vice-admirals promoted to the rank of admirals, and of rear-admirals to that of vice -admiral, includes the names of Vice-Admirals Sir Edward Hamilton and Sir William Hall Gage, and Rear- Admiral Sir John Wentworth Lor ing. Among the captains appointed rear-admirals, are Captains Sir Thomas Ussher, Sir Samuel John Brooke Peelle'', Sir Fleetwood Broughton Reynolds Pellew, Sir Francis Augustus Collier, Sir Charles James Napier, John Brett Purr is, and Phipps nornbY. CUTTING THE FIRST SOD OF THE CHESHIRE JUNCTION RAILWAY. The ceremony, which had been postponed from Thurs day, of cutting the first sod of the Birkenhead, Lanca shire, and Cheshire Junction Railway was performed on Saturday last, at Norton, near Preston Brooke, by Sir Richard Brooke, of Norton Priory, in the presence of the chairmen, the directors of the company, and a number of other gentlemen, from Birkenhead, Liverpool, Nlanches ter, and other places. Perhaps six or seven hundred people might have been counted as present. Sir Richard B. Brooke having arrived, a circle waa formed, and previously to handing him the trowel, Mr. BENDEL, engineer, proceeded to detail the ob jects of the promoters of the line, and the important ad vantages which would accrue from its formation, in con nexion with the new docks erecting at Birkenhead, to the commerce of both sides of the river, and to the manu facturing districts. The adjacent districts would all be benefitted, and the railway was, therefore, not alone of local, but of general importance. At the point near Preston-brook, at which they now stood, they found all their greatest difficulties in the construction o f t h e li ne accumulated. They had over his (Sir Richard Brooke's) property their heaviest works, and it was for thi s reason that they felt so sincere a gratitude for the kindness which they had received from him, as the owner of the land, not alone when they had come on to his grounds to survey, as trespassers, but also during their recent strug gle through parliament. The company owed to Sir Ri chard that position which they now occupied, for there was little (1, - übt that to the example which he had set they were indebted for the concurrence in their project of the other landowners. (Hear. hear.) Sir R. B. BROOKE briefly remarked, expressing the in terest he took in the success of the undertaking, and his sense of the honour conferred upon him, in being selected to cut the first sod. He had not at first felt disposed to give his land to any railway company ; but he was now glad that he had made the concession, for he felt that he should not have been justified in opposing, on personal grounds, any scheme which was to promote the general good. The work of the day was then gone through by Sir Richard cutting the first sod in a very workmanlike man ner, and wheeling it away. The barrow and spade, which were very handsome articles, were afterwards packed up, and conveyed to Norton priory. The company then ad knurled to a marquee, erected on the ground, and partook of a splendid lunch provided for the occasion, to which about three hundred gentlemen at down. Nov. 17, 1846. Mr. Bailly took the chair. On his rightsat Sir Richard Brooke, and on his left Sir Philip Egerton, M.P. We noticed among others, Mr. John Laird, deputy chairman, Mr. William Laird, a director of, Capt. Charlewood, secretary, and Mr. J. B. Lloyd, solicitor to, the corn- Mr. Richard Brooke, Mr. Cochrane, Mr. Parr, A. Watson, Mr. Gardener, &c. pany, Mr. C The CHAIRMAN; having given the customary toasts, and they having been drunk with ordinary honours, gave the health of the members of ti county Sir P. EGERTON responded. He was most happy to be a guest of the company that day. He felt great interest for the success of the line; perhaps, as in the case of mo thers with offspring whose birth has been attended with more than usual pain and sorrow, because he had to work very hard to see it properly ushered into the world. (Laughter.) He had no doubt it would prove a worthy bantling, and do him credit. (Laughter.) There was no doubt as to the importance to commerce and to agricul ture of such a railway, and there was as little doubt that that importance would at once be recognised by all en gaged in trade and agriculture in the districts through. which it passed, and which it would connect. (Hear,. hear.) It would especially be a benefit to, as would be benefited by, the docks at Birkenhead ; and it was a vision, perhaps a true one, of his, that the time would . . come when (unfortunately for the warehouse interests) . bales of cotton would be shipped at once at Birkenhead on to the railway, and by that, without an instant's delay, conveyed into the factories of Manchester. (Cheers and laughter.) He sincerely hoped that a ould eventually be the case. (Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN next proposed the health of Sir R. Brooke arid the landlords on the line. Sir Richard briefly returned thanks, and proposed " Prosperity to the Birken— head, Lancashire and Cheshire Junction Railway, and much good may it do the country." The CHAIRMAN returned thanks, and referring to the locality in which his own business was carried on, hoped that the railway would form the connecting link between the manufacturing districts of South Wales and the north of England. "The Trade of the Mersey," given by the CHAIRMAN, was ably responded to by Mr. S. 1 - lotme. After some other toasts, the CHAIRMAN, in an exceed ingly complimentary speech, in which be dwelt upon the indefatigable exertions made by that gentleman tn pro mote the success of the line, proposed the health of Mr. John Laird, who returned thanks in a neat speech. Mr. Laird concluded by proposing the health of Mr. Rendal. Several other toasts were given and drunk, and at about three o'clock the company started by a special train on their return to Warrington. OUR POSTAL REGULATIONS We do not at all undervalue the importance of the sub ject mooted in Council by Mr. C. Robertson—the defect of our post-office arrangements—although we could have wished to have seen it taken- up by abler and more in fluential parties. Those arrangements are most defective; and none have more opportunities of learning painfully that fact than the conductors of a public journal. We do not, however, intend now to enter into a statement of all the inconsistencies and inconveniences to which we could point ; but shall restrict ourselves to one, which presses peculiarly upon our own order. We refer to the arrange ment by which the n.ail for the north is dispatched by a one-horse conveyance to Warrington several hours before the south mail, going to the same point, Warrington, is dispatched. Its operation upon ourselves and our contemporaries, both in Liverpool and Manchester, is easily described and will be readily comprehended by our subscribers. For our South of England circulation and the metropolis, as for our town subscribers, it would be quite sufficient if we went to press at two or three o'clock in the morning. We should thus have time to make our publication in reality a record of the latest intelligence presenting itself. We are compelled, however, by the circumstance of the North Mail starting at an early hour. by its horse conveyance in these days of railroads, to go to press with our paper— frequently, we fear, with many imperfections —at twelve o'clock, The consequence is often that important meet ings, occurring in the eve of the day of publication, go unreported, and important topics for discussion are com pelled to be left unnoticed. The additional troull at ay Post-office itself, we are sure must be great ; and an arrangement to dispatch the North and South Mails simultaneously, would be gratefully received. We may add, that it frequently happens that the mail cart does not' arrive at Warrington in time for the starting of the trsin- Is the Post-office revenue so paltry that it cannot afford' a railway conveyance for the North Mail ? Surely it can. That the important towns of Liverpool and Manchester, possessed of a railway in the hands of the most powerful company in the kingdom, suould be driven to the use of a thant its correspondencethat of the o d t os theow N coach, ort for f the England system, conveyancethe o ro sfe entire of Scotland, is disgraceful to th e Post-office authorities and to all concerned. We trust our contemporaries will lend us a helping hand to agitat e" this subject. until it reaches the dull ears of the authori ties in St. Martin's-le-Grand. THE DUCHY OF LANCASTER AND RATTING EXTRAORDINARY. The marvellous appears to be the characteristic of the present age ; and certainly the past week bas afforded ars instance of such characteristic, which is calculated slightly to astonish the world. " Plain John Campbell " has, been all along believed to be quite capable of discharging the duties of the almost sinecure office of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. He is equally capable of pock etting its emoluments and dispensing its patronage. We dare say he has a host of other Campbells, of all degrees of relationship, tugging at him for the occupation of vacant stools, and the privilege of dipping their hands iutu the same ChM "mitts himself- Of a :sudden, however,. it has apparently been discovered that there is something very particular to be achieved in the Duchy—something, very complicated in its affairs, to unravel which additional councillors have to be called in; for we find that a cons mission—the old Whig invention—has just been a ppointer!, to assist the Chancellor ; and, wondertul! John does not appear to have kicked at all violently against am Camp indignity which threatens, at least, to relieve binn of some patronage, although it does not touch the amount of bis pay, inasmuch as the new Commissioners are not to b e remunerated for their valuable services. It must be something very urgent in the affairs of th e Duchy which has driven a Whig-Government to inflic t such a blow upon the vanity of so tried and useful a mem ber of their party as Sir John ; and the supposition that a great object is to be achieved is made more evident by the fact, that, of the: four new officials appointed, :hrea are, or have been generally su pp ose d t o b e , Conservatives- The Commissioners are th e E ar l o f H ar d w i c k e , Earl' Spencer, the Earl of Li nco l n , an d Si r J ames G ra h am There was not, it would seem, tal en t enoug h in t h e Whig ranks to perform the arduous duties expecte d to d evo l v e upon the Commission ; and therefore a no th er apostac l was necessary. The Baronet of Netherby ha s re l a p se d' into his old love of Whig-Radical associates, from which it is a pity that he was ever tempted. The heir of the chivalrous and noble Newcastle has stooped to be 11 4 hanger-on of a Whig administration ; and w e are dr iven' , to exclaim, " Put not y,ur faith in statesmen or their Professions !" The lesson may be a useful one . indeed, it is a pity that we Cid riot learn it sooner — before w e were betrayed by the ?eels and Grahams—before we commi tt ed the folly of accepting pinchbeck imitations for pure gold. We do not grieve, however, over th , loss of either Sir James or his noble colleague. Let them go. There are' better men in abundance to fill their places. But, in the meantime, we must watch narrowly the doings of this Commission. What is aimed at by its appointment we cannot at present divine. It is hinted, indeed, that it has been the suggestion of the Prince Con sort himself, who wishes to see the 'ante system of admi nistration of the affairs of the Duchy of Lancaster pur- , sin-d. which is said to have been found so valuable in that of Cornwall. In the meantime, the presence of Conser vatives in such juxta-position with Whig- Radicalism. indicates an approaching fusion of parties. Be it so!: We shall then be able to know who are the true friends of the country, and who they are who have been all along counterfeits. MR. GOSSAGE'S PROPOSAL TO BRING SUPPLY OF WATER FROM ST. WINEFRED' WELL, AT HOLYWELL. Whilst so much attention is being directed to the ire" portant subject of an ample supply of water for Liverpool, it is desirable that the public should have submitted to them, for consideration, every pl,.n which evnaomtrs troal iespectable and competent authority, and which besrli with it the appearance of feasibility. 'We n ake no logy, therefore, for giving here an outline of a plan tot bringing a supply of water from H olv we' I, proposed in pamphlet just published by Mr. R. L. Gossage.. a n which T he haswri writer ren informs laid us b y h im that be S f t o . W r e' he f p r r e ' d e s r W aTu e t l lurlrt°lB- up twenty-one tons of water per minute, or 7 . 620.480 -"al" I c. o a n t s e r d a mark, i ; and the that highest its part t tu o d f tee' hei n a g t) , 2 l.i ) I f ) e i e g t b . This extra height can be attained by the use of a byt , hont at the well. The water he would convey by pipes, com mencing with a six feet bore, and terminating with one or three feet, by Greenfield, across the bed of the Dee, to Thurstaston and Oxton to the Merrey, where he would have two mains across the bed of the river, one branching off on this side to a reservoir at the Prince's Pai, and the other to a reservoir at Everton. The total length vi piping required would be nineteen miles; the total weight, 28,4083 tons. The total cost of bringing it to &Tess direct, having still—as we gather from his calculation —the piping for a main to the Prince's Park, would be £308,375 Bs. The cost, however, of delivering the water at the Prince's Park only, with reservoirs on the big) , lands of Thurstaston and Oxton, would be enl? £215,368 12s. 6d., or £96,006 15s. 6d. less than to Ever , ton direct. These reservoirs he calculates would afford st„ month's supply in case of damage to the pipes in the bed of the Dee. Of course damage to those in the Merge? must be provided against by engineering me ans . The quality of the water at St. Winefred's Well is veil soft and pure ; and comes, Mr. Gossage thinks, most probably from the Bala Lake, by some underground stream. BALTIMORE HAMS.—It has lung been a matter of surprise to those who have visited the great continent of America, that hams have not bi , herto b.-come a more general article of import to this country, for it is () nivel?' sally admitC3d that the pork of the Western States is ne° to be excellA, for while it tar exceeds in size the produCe' if England, it partakes of all the fine flavour of the' Westphalian, We are glad to find that Mr. Mlienryr whose efforts in introducing Ani, rican provisions have, brought him freque n tly a nd laudably under ti e notice 01 the public, has this year imported a quantity of Baltimor e hams, which having been expressly prepared for th e English market, are, we learn, very greatly superior t° anything previously imported, and are sold at an extreincli low figure,