Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-01-17 00:00:00

ggmtuatitti gSatts. THIS pAy Tins DAT, the 17th instant, at Eleven o'clock, at the Commercial Sale-room, Temple-court, 150 -Chests Port ORANGES, ex Minho, from Oporto, in Nelton I)ock.—Apply to ALFRED FIRTH, Broker Tins DAy, the lith Commercial instant, Saleroom,at Twelve o'clock, in the 52 370 i- Ch D e i s t t to s 1 S e ville China ORANGES, ex Swan, 370 Boxes Port DITTO, ex Minho (s.s.), 20 Ditto Lisbon DITTO, ex Arno (s.s.), 60 Cases Valentia DITTO, ex Tunis (s.s.), 500 Ditto Messina LEMONS, ex Adelaide, 30 Ditto Naples DITTO, ex Frankfort (s.s.), SO Barrels Newtown Pippin APPLES, :10 Baskets French PEARS, 300 Bags Turkey NUTS, 200 Bags Bilboa CHESNUTS, 100 Ditto Para NUTS, :60 Ditto Black Spanish NUTS. Apply tc GEORGE BADENACII and SON, Brokers THIS DAY, the 17th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Brokers' Office, 16, Exchange-buildings, 6,214 Bags'NITRATE of SODA, of unusually fine quality, now landing, per B ra g a particulars, particulars, apply to Messrs. Nicholson and 31'6111, Merchants; or to J. 11. RAY?:TILt Co., Brokers. TO-MORRO NV To-MORROW, the 18th instant, at One o'clock, at the Brokers' Office, 16, Exchange-buldmg , 37 Hhds. American 84 Boxes Ditto COTTON SEED CAKE. 9 Tons Italian J. H. RAYNER and Co., Brokers Apply tc On account of whom it may concern. To-monnow, the 18th instant, at Half-past One o'clock, at the Broker's Office, Corn Exchange-buildings, Brunswick-street, 4 Pockets HOPS, 180 Qrs. INDIAN CORN, ying on the quay, Albert Dock, ex Victor Emanuel. to H. . —ApplyNe. TO-MORROW, the 18th instant, and following days, at Browne, Hunter, and Co.'s Office, 2,500 Bales East India WOOL. to BROWNE, HUNTER, and Co., Brokers TO-MOIIROW, the 18th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Brokers' Office, 2, Dale-street, 1,000 Bags Bombay LINSEED, 1,000 „ „ RAPESEED, 1,000 „ „ MUSTARD SEED. BROWNE, HUNTER, and Co., Brokers Apply to TO-MORROW, the 18th instant, and following days, 4,500 Bales East India WOOLS 1,500 '• Unwashed Chili & Washed Peruvian, c. Apply to T. and -H. LITTLEDALE and Co., Brokers. To-mouuow, the 18th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Broker's Office, 7, Exchange-chambers, 32 Ba'rels TAPIOCA, 70,000 COQUILIIOS (all faults), per James Brown (s.), and Juverna, from Bahia, in the Stanley Dock warehouse.—Apply to. FRANCIS J. EATON, Broker. To jo m t e to u n ito s w ai the 18th instant, at Three o'clock, at the Exchange-buildings, Liverpool, ;About 1,500 Sheet e s7f m ngl2 WOOL and g Fleece W. GREANIE and Co., Wool Brokers. Apply to WEDNESDAY Oa WEDNZSDAX next, the 19th instant, at Two o'clock, at the Cotton Salesroom, 700 Bales East India, 300 „ Cordova, Smyrna , Sc otch, &c. WOOL. 1,000 Bales. "5 Bales Foreign White and Grey HAIR. JOHN L. BOWES & BROT 3S HER,DaIe -s Wo tre o et.l Brokers, . Apply to On WEDNESDAT next, the 19th instant, at the Brokers' Saleroom, Atherton -buildings, Dale-street, Liverpool, 2,509 Bales East India WOOL. &c., Apply.to HDGHES•and RONALD, Wool Brokers For catcac A 4., On SAITRDAT next v . the 22nd instant, at Dale o'clock, at the Brokers' Saleroom, Atherton -buildings, -street, Liverpool, 1,625 Bales East India 1,250 „ Donskei fleece, chiefly superior combing soe 'Superior Iceland, chiefly Northland 150 „ Oporto fleece • 100 ~ Egyr . itian WOOLS. 73 „ Foreign and English, whiteout grey roils 57 „ Cordova 16 „ Mohair 299 „ Peruvian, Chili, Lisbon, Scotbh, &c. 4,200 Bales, For catalogues f . A e 4 Apply to HUGHES and :RONALD, Wool Brokers Ott+Wiamsarfralr nat, the 19th- instant, lit'rivelve o'clock, at the Brokers' Office, 2; Dale-street, 1,000 -Bags 'Bombay LINSEED, 1,000 „ /II RAPESEED, 1,000 „ MUSTARD SEED. _BROWE, HUNTER, and Co., Brokers. Apply to THURSDAY On TIMiCSDAIT, the 20th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Brokers' Office, 2, Dale-street, 809 Tanned East India KIPS, 752 BUFFALO HIDES. BROWNE, HUNTER, and Co., Brokers Apply t On THURSDAY next, the 20th instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Brokers' Office, 16, Exchange-buildings, 200 Tons Navassa GUANO. Apply to Messrs. Rathbone, Brothers, and Co Co., Mercants ; or to J. 11. RAYNER and Brokers. On TauresnAl next, the 20th instant, at Twelve o'clock at the Brokers' Office, "16, Exchange-buildings, 77 Bags BORATE OF LIME, •riding ex Braganza.—Apply to Messrs. Nicholson and M‘Gill, Merchants ; or to J. H. RAYNER and Co., Brokers. AFTER NEXT WEEK To close an account. On TUESDAY, the 25th instant, at 'rwlve o'clock, at the Bro ker's °Moe, 7, Exchange-chambers, 150 Balloti, 1 y e . K i can FIBR E, 63 Bales Ackers Back.Goree.—A I9PPIY FRANCIS J. EATON, Broker, On TtEsDAY, the 25th instant, at . Twelve o'clock, at the Broker's Office, 7, Exchange-chambers, 500 Bales Mexican FIBRE, per sundry vessels, from Tampico.—Apply to Messrs. Leech, Harrison and Forwood, Merchants ; or to FRANCIS J. EATON, Broker. On WtoNr.snAv, the 26th instant, at Three o'clock, 300 Bales Port Philip and Sydney WOOLS. J. and H. LITTLEDALE and CO., Brokers Apply to • On WEDNESDAY, the 26th instant, at Three o'clock, at the Cotton Saleroom, Exchange-buildings, Liverpool, 200 Bales German, Hungarian, and Cape Skin WOOL, And at Four o'clock, 1,500 Bales East India, Egyptian, Peruvian, Russian, &c. WOOL . W. GREAME and Co., Wool Brokers Apply to On Salt. PATENT ASPHALTE ROOFING FELT. A cheap, durable, and perfectly Waterproof Roofing. ONE FENNY PER SQUARE FOOT. And PATENT HAIR FELT, Steam Boilers, &c., by which a saving of one-fourth in the consumption of fuel is effected. WM. GIBSON, Successor to W. W. POWELL. Ind Warehouse -12, CABLE-STREET. For Clothi ON SALE, 100 Tons MANURE OIL CARE. lysis and price, apply to THOMPSON, BAGNALL, and BUTTERWORTH, Brokers, 30, Moorfields AMUSEMENTS, MEETINGS, Am.—THIS DAY. THEATREt ROYAL—Grand Comic Pantomime. ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE—EngIish Opera Company. IlnxoLna's CIRQUE VALarrn—Miscellaneous Attractions CONCERT HALL (Lord Nelson-street)—Lola Montes. ALLSOP'S WAX . WORK EXHIBITION (Lime-street). THE PARISIAN GALLERY OF ANATOMY, Paradise-street. TEUTONIC HALL (Lime-street)—Ascent of Mont Blanc. sir For particulars see advertisements on Bth page, TO CORRESPONDENTS Under no circumstances s can y we insert communications not accompanied by the author's real name and address, not neces sarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. lantOrnt Chum, MONDAY,, JANUARY 17, 1859, THE DAY'S NEWS. The Asia, which arrived here yesterday, brings us four days' later new from America. There is nothing of importance. According to a Washing- ton correspondent, the allegation that the negro-es a of the Wanderer were imported to test the consti tutionality of the laws prohibiting - the slave trade, is entitled to no credit; and is disproved by the mode in which the. Afri cans h ave been: disposed of. - - It is true that Mr. Lamar, a merchant of Savannah, some months since,• notified the Seeltetary of the Treasury that he " wo u ld re - o p en the•slave trade with foreign countries" despite the laws of the United States. If the design of the: persons engaged in the affair of th e Wanderer hud.been to contest the validity of the laws referred to r the introduction of half-a-dozen Africans would- have effected the purpose. In that case, - toe, the negroes would have been imported openly and kept together in such custody that they , would have been always amenable to the process of federal law. Exactly the opposite course, has been pursued. The cargo was smuggled- into Georgia and landed clandestinely upon—aniunin- liabiled island, They were surreptitiously' con- veyed in small parties into the interior, and hastily _ _ ON S A LE, to - arrive, A cargo of BONE ASH and BONES, from Rio Grande, '• • P consisting ot 156 Tons BONE ASH, 28 „ Mixed BONES, 13,000 SHANKS. JEFFERSON and TAYLOR, Brokers, Liverpool and London Chambers. Apply to TO LANDOWNERS AND FARMERS. CRESIIIRE PHOSPHATE COMPANY have constantly ON SALE Nitrogenised BONE PIIOSI'IIATE, and other valuable fertilisers. — Samples and prices maybe had at he Office, Works :—I CABLE-STREET. "csixoToN. 1• R. CAMERON, CHRONOMETER . 3 1ANuFACTURER AND OPTICIAN, 64, mount CASTLE-STREET, LIVERPOOL. MARINE CHRONOMETERS ON SALE OR lIIRE. GOLD and SILVER WATCHES, SEXTANTS, QUADRANTS, BAR° YETERs, TELESCOPES, 4., CIIARTS FROM LATEwr SURVEYS. WARM WINTER CLoTillxo7 THE GENTLEMAN'S OUTFITTING WAREHOUSES, 26, BOLD-STREET. P. L. MACTAGGART. 24 AND INVERNESS WRAPPERS. OVER COATS. DRESSING GOWNS. DRAWERS AND VESTS. FANCY FLANNEL SHIRTS. RAILWAY RUGS AND PLAIDS. MUFFLERS AND SCARFS. FLANNELS AND BLANKETS. BOYS' WINTER CLOTHING ------ T P OPULAR HISTORY OF THE WOR K I N G CLASSES, EVERY SATURDAY, IN THE NORTHERN _DAILY TIMES, PRICE ONE PENNY. distributed into districts remote from the plate a ,• dis-embarkation The parties importing _them have not avowed themselves- - said cannot be . fowl(' They foist upon the people of the South, through the press, doubtful and hesitating apologies for their conduct, but take the utmost care to avoid legal, responsibility. The object ef the adventure was not to test the constitutionality of any United ' States statute, but rather to sound the temper of the South, relative to this business. The success of the experiment, thus far, has been such as to drive the government journal into the mournful admission that federal laws against the slave trade cannot be enforced, and that in consequence republicauinstitutions are a failure. Although. the advices from the continent state that the money markets in the several capitals had become soinewhat easier and. that much-more confidence was-felt in the Stook Exchanges, it is still believed that war is imminent between France and Austria_ France and Sardinia on the one side, and Austria on the other, are really at issue on more than one point, and though at least the two principal parties, France and. Austria, pretend that they have no wish for war;. yet the circum stances of: the• case, and above all the fact that Sardinia,. which openly confesses. its ambitious designs, is- placed. just between the other two, do not permit us to consider: the peace of Europe so well secured as it ought to be. The article in the Constitutionne/ con tains the expression that "if the treaties only be observed, there is no ground for apprehen- This rather empty phrase shows, we are sorry to say, an unjustifiable forgetfulness of one of the most important diplomatic documents to which the late war against. Russia gave rise, namely, the solemnly recorded declaration of the Paris Conference that the States of the European family ought to consider_ it, in. every particular case, w as a - duty to try arbitration beforeresorting to the sword.. We hope that the omission belongs to the writer only,. and not' to the Government whose cause he advocates.. Not the least important part of our foreign intelligence consists in an authentic, communication on the real nature of the intervention which Austria kis been represented as undertaking in Servia.. The Ministerial journals of Vienna say that the Austrian. Government has never thought of offering any other assistance to the Turks than assistance for protecting the fortress of Belgrade against any possible attempt of the Scrvians to take it. This, we are told, is no infringement of the Paris treaty, Article XXIX. of which refers to Servia only, while the fortress of Belgrade, forms part and parcel, of Turkey Proper. Our telegraphic intelligence might lead us to infer that Austria would, soon find cause for pouring her troops, into-Belgrade, if she was really. determined upon doing so. For things are 114 settled in Belgrade.. It is singular that Prince_ Milosch has not reached, that town before this. We now learn the cause. He refuses to accept. the dignity which the Skupstchina offers him unless their decision is ratified by the Porte. It is also , said that the Senate stands in the way of the arrival of the Prince, that the Skuptschina^ will have an extraordinary sitting on the subject, and that the Porte refuses to recognise 31ilosch. as. the ruler of Servia. According to our advices from Dublin. Mr. Justice Crampton has actually resigned. . He did not take his seat in the Queen's Bench, on, Friday or Saturday, and it is known that he has been anxious to release himself from the cares of office. The impression is that the learned judge, acting on advice, has determined to remain, on the bench no longer. Rumour has not determined that the Solicitor-General Will go to the Exchequer, or succeed to the seat in the Queen's. Bench, but, in either event, Mr. George, Q.C., will be the new Solicitor-General, and there is equally general belief that Mr. Purcell will succeed Mr. George as crown procurator for Tipperary. Mr. George is the late conservative member for Wexborough. Mr. Purcell, who is to be his successor as crown pro curator, has always been an active and consistent opponent of liberal opinions, A Belfast paper of Saturday publishes the information laid in the case of the Irish secret societies in Belfast. The document is of considerable length. It gives the approvers, Caroline and Kelly. The form of oath administered and the nature of the constabulatory evidence is also given, and all the particulars of the recent arrest of Bernard Boyle: This docu ment reveals the whole nature of the case up to the present, and is of remarkable interest. Its publication was altogether unexpected. According to Iferopath's Journal, the dividend for the past half-year on the London and North Western Railway will be at the rate of 41 per cent. per annum, with a balance of £20,000, and that the Great Western will only be at the rate of 2 per cent. On the South Eastern the dividend will be at the rate of 5 per cent, and on the Brighton it - is rumoured it will be fully 7 per cent. The Monetary Times of Saturday gives rumour to the effect that a new Turkish loan for 15,000,000 francs has been negotiated; and adds :—" We are not in a • position to say by whom, or on what terms the contract has been entered into. N o r can we say that we are suprised at the report. We have long endeavoured to show that the financial embarrassments of Turkey must be very great, and in the present state of Europe they are not likely to be in any degree diminished." The case of Scully v. Ingram, which was tried a short time since, and a verdict for £3OO damages obtained against the defendant, was again brought before Lord Campbell, on Friday, and a rule nisi -was granted to shew cause why the verdict should not Tiere no beiset damage, have aside, ve been some rather serious riots at Wi gan , arising out of a strike there. So threa tening was the aspect of the mob, that it was deemed prudent to summon a detachment of mili tary from Salford. There was a good deal of stone-throwing, and several of the police were hurt, but not seriously. None of the offenders wereseeur v e e d. We have been favoured with a glance at the comparative stat ement of receipts for dock tonnage dues, and du es on goods, for the year ending 31st December last, from hwe find that there is THE NORTHERN TI an increase of nearly £6OO, viz., £374,558 last year, against £373,987 in 1857. An important special meeting of the dock com mittee was held on Saturday. We report the proceedings at full length. THERE was reason to hope that Europe had entered upon the New Year in peace, and with prospects of peace ; but now already are there, if not wars, yet rumours of wars, which are exciting the Continent from its centre all round to its confines on every side. Austria is turning restive under that Treaty of Paris, of recent date, which reconciled and adjusted those conflicting interests and influences, the derangement of which had no little to do in producing the late unhappy war between Russia and France and England. Austria, most sensitive as to her boundary rights, and most jealous of the neighbouring States, whenever they may seem to , indicate progress- in liberality and enlightenment„ has taken upon her to order her C'ommander at Semlin, to enter Belgrade at the first call of the Turkish Commanding officer. "Austria pretends,"• it is stated, "' to justify the order by the special interest which the neighbour hood of Servia to her own dominions must needs awe.ken in her withA regard to everything, which takes-place there. The tranquillity of Servia, she saysf•is necessary to. the tranquillity of her own possessions near the-frontiers of the P'rincipa'lity. The Titrkish garrisons at Belgrade, she. continues, is .au. essential guarantee for this tranquillity. There%re, if this garrison is threatened? ) . Austria, for her - own sake, must hasten to its succour."' But the other Great Powers naturally declare,. that they cannot assent to any such argument as this, however plausible it may be. "If rea locality and special interests connected withit, they reply, " justified an intervention, Austria, who to-clay claims the right of entry for Servia, might claim it to-morrow for the United Ptinci palities. Russia might then as well, on herpart, discover motives for a similar intervention.'' And not only would this upset all the amicable arrangements that were made—and made for) - the preservation of the peace of Europe—but it is utterly at variance with the Treaty, that of 1864 sons of to which Austria herself is a contracting party The object and intent of that Treaty was•to debar the-neighbours of Turkey from the right of a direct and exclusive intervention, into which they might be easily drawn! by personal considera tions. The Porte itself, as suzerain power, has not the right of intervention in Servia, Wallachia,. and Moldavia, except when acting in harmony with the whole of the Powers who signed the treaty. Austria, in wishing to march into Servia, without a previous understanding with these Powers, pretends to a right which is in direct contradiction to the letter. and spirit of the Treaty of Paris As a matter of course, therefore, . the other Powers refuse to allow it. They are bound to do so, if there is to be •any integrity in Treaties ; and if there was not, the peace of Europe i .the power ofrthe world, would not be safe for a single day. So , that if Austria persists in her present defiant course, a rupture with France, England, Russia, and Prussia is . inevitable. These P.Owers are now, it is understood, energetically protesting against her conduct. But should she, in spite of their protestations, refuse to withdraw aik order which expressly violates the Treaty, by virtue of which Servia, as well; as Wallachia and Moldavia, is. placed under the : collective guarantee• of the contracting Powers, of the Treaty of Paris,. there will be no alternatiVe, it is to be feared;. but to enforce that Treaty:- by having recourse. to, arms. It is Austria, defyiug, Europe. And any- Govern ment so acting must of necessity incur• a very awful responsibility.. A haughty, self-willed, and despotic -antwracy, like that of Austria, may perhaps find: reasons of its own, and. congenial with its character, for pursuing such l amourse. But the public. opinion of all the rest of Europe must be dead against her. The public opinion of her own State,. were there any that dared to be expressed., would probably be so too.. But there is rm. such influence, unhappily, ,under the arbitrary system of govern ment to which her people are subject. Austria is one of those States which forcibly illustrate the saying of a distinguished American statesman, that "'what subsists to day by violence, continues to-morrow by acquieseenee),and is perpetuated by tradition ;. till at last the hoary abuse shakes the gray hairs of antiquity at us, and gives itself out as the wisdom of ages." . . This autocratic system) however, has had its aas , -; and if further evidence be wanted, not only of its unsuitableness for the present, but its mischievousness for any age, it will assuredly be found in, Austria's iniquitous proceed ings, should she persist in lighting up the flames of war in Europe from any such motive as that by which she is now being influenced. It is the con propensity of such Powers as Austria, to be continually pursuing a course of covetous ambition, even, if need be, at the cannon's mouth. As Sir WALT= RALEIGH; in his less enlightened, and therefore loss liberal age could see and acknowledge, "If their borders be divided by mountains, they . will fight for the mastery of the passage to the tops, and finally for the towns that stand upon the roots. If rivers run between them, they contend for the bridges ; and think themselves not Well assured until they have fortified the further bank. Yea, the sea itself must be very broad, barren of fish, and void of little islands interjacent, else it will yield plentiful arguments of quarrel to the kingdoms which it severeth." But, thank God ! we no longer live in these " ancient barbarous times," when such doings were tolerable. Austria may imagine otherwise. But should she put the question to the decision of the sword, she - will most likely find out her mistake. The wisdom she may gain by such experience, however, will be dearly bought. And the worst of it is, that those Powers which have to teach her it, must them selves participate in the fearful cost of the instruction. One would fain hope, therefore, that, even under such a provocation, hostilities may be averted—that the resisting Powers may be able to maintain their rightful position without havi ng recourse to so terrible an extremity as that which now souls so alarmingly th::-.ltJaeci. We trust • gyerot IES, MONDAY, JANUARY 17, 1859 that every peaceful expedient will first be tried— that every argument, and every influence, will first be exhausted, ere they "cry havoc, and let slip the dogs of war ;" and that they will then, with all the solemnity which belongs to such an admonition, on such an occasion, say to Austria, to the effect, if not in the language, of HENRY the FIFTH'S emphatic warning to his bellicose Coun cillors when, on a memorable occasion, he was urged to take the field against France,-- "Take heed, How you awake our sleeping sword of war ; We charge you in the name of God take heed AITHOUGH the immediate and ostensible object of Austria, in the course she seems resolved to take, in Servia, in violation of the Treaty to which she is herself a party, must of course be unjustifiable there are yet reasons, it would seem, why we ought to pause ere we yield our sympathies to free in her movements ; she is a sure friend and a redoubtable enemy ;—allied to England, she is irresistible ; allied with any other great power she would be a formidable adversary." But this coaxing and threatening in the same breath will not, let us hope and trust, excite any other feeling than that of a contemptuous indifference to it all, England's true policy is to stand aloof as much as possible. She can have _no real sympathy with either of the two absolute and arbitrary Powers; and her true interest can never be served by espousing the quarrel of either. The case is undoubtedly one which makes it vitally important that England's councils should be directed with wisdom, with caution, and circumspection. Let us hope that the present Ministry may prove equal to the crisis. 'WE have already remarked upon the satisfactory state of the public revenue' with which the New Year opened ; and it is a source of still further and greater satisfaction .to find, from the accounts; which come to hand from all quarters, that, botfr financially and commercially, the country io evidently in a decidedly improving condition. Financially,. even taking as our standard, for esti mating the revival of the revenue, the prosperous year 1856, rather than the depressed' one of 1857, we find upon a' comparison of the last quarter of 1858, with the-corresponding one of 1856; that the amount is £16;320;000 in the former; as against 216,695,000 in the latter - year—a companion which shows how muciithe revenue has already - recovered itself, under the reviving commerce of the last few months. The inarease of the revenue generally, diving the past year, as compared with the year immediately preceding was very dOcisive although 1857 having been a year of dbpres- siim; such a comparison . was not so siknifi- The present atttte of the case, test it'as we may, is one that clearly shows that we havehegun the year with a great - deal `of• our financial embar rassments already worked'off; and the trade of the country in a manifest better position. Ofthe several branches -of 'what may be called the staple trade of the country, the Spectator,--we observe, has particularly specified, and ably eluci dated; that of iron, and.; principally in connection with•' the Railway interest; on the continentof Europe, and in Americo . lirfrance and Austria, it appears, that interest promises to furnish most important tributaries to•- the stream of English commerce, of which the present year is likely to witness the augmented flow. "It has been calm - - latedr it seems, " that during-the present year the applications to the capitalists of London for loans on behalf of Russia, Austria ; Sardinia, Australiti; and perhaps France, with- some other States, will not be less than £30,000,000; so that the store of capital which has accumulated in London will not be without employment,' —and which is wanted' principally for Railway purposes. But a still' more -extensive field of Railway operations is that which is likely to be re-opened, with much more reliable security than before, in the Great Western Continent, " Lord BURY': has gone to Canada for the express purpose of arranging an amalgamation of railway lines, in order to The completion of the Canadian system, and probably its progress even , to the Far West of New,. Caledonia. It is possible, therefore, that the demands of British North AViericit will recover from! their striking depres- slink" Whilst, as respects the United States, which partly originated; and largely shared: , the Prance, as the opponent of Austria Pieneh Emperor, it is•suspeeted, has Elionie sinister For the object in view, in haviilg a quarrel with Austria just now. Louis NiakoLEolsx is believed to be actuated by a desire- to separate Italy from And it certainly is desirable to emanci- Englishmemmust not only think so, Austria. pate Italy. but ram for its accomplishment; since, knowing from experience, the value of free institutions themselves, they cannot But desire to see others possess-and enjoy them also: But not so with the French Emperor. He cares nothin,c; about free institutions—except it be to proscribe them. His own political system is one,•. net. of enlightened freedom, bat of grovelling despotism Whatever, therefore,- such, an one may, do •to wrest from arbitrary influence another State, so long as his own is under a similar influence, and that, too, one that is organized and excited.by himself, it is scarcely to , be supposed that he designs really to liberate, but only in another form to continue to enslave theme The scheme o NAPOLEON the THIRD, whatever it may be, is not likely, there- fore, to be one that can ever recommend itself to the English mind,— certainly not one which ought to have either succour or sanction from:the English Government ,France has already an irresistible military authority imposed on the Roman States•, does she do for the cause of liberty, civil or religious, there ? She may be saidA virtually to have military occupation of the City of Rome ; yet yet what she never attempts to avail herself of the oppor- tunity of promoting there the interests, of human progress, or of humanity in any wise, She has obtained, by thii time, a pretty firm footing there ; and to what ulterior purpose this may be turned, remains to be seen. But there is no reason to expect that it will ever result in any thing, at her hands, conducive to freedom, to intelligence, or to justice. Andmow her ambitious and autocratic ruler is going to introduce his own influence into another quarter of Italy. He has brought about a matrimonial engagement between: one of his family, the'Prince NAPOLEON, and a. Princess of the reigning Himse of Sardinia. This, we say, must in due coarse have the effect of strengthening his family influence in Italy. And, should it happen, amid the changes and chances of coming times, that the Italians change . masters,—that they are transferred from the servitude of FRANCIS JOSEPH CHARLES of Austria, to that of CHARLES Louis NAPOLEON of France,—what: will it profit them ? But what we at home are most. concerned about, is the effect_which such a conflict may have upon our own national interests And, be the present motive, or-be the ultimate obloct, what it may, we must for our part confess that. we should be sorry to see Eagland the ally of Ftance, under present circumstances, in a war with. Austria. The plain Bible aotl.in.sinuating manner. in, which a writer in one of. the Paris journals,muler the control of Loms.XA,POLEON, puts the, case, is very suspicious. he asks, " what has. England to feat fromilthe aid of France ?! What matters it to.her that Lombardy and Venetia. belong to Austria, " In, Italy belong. to Piedmont, or belong to themselves 9' What injury can she- sustain if the Treaties. of 1515, torn by Austria , at Cracow, be violated, against Austria at Milan P . The interests of, Eng land would have nothing to dread from, such a change her liberal. sympathies, on the contrary would cause her to, greet it with joy. Can it be believed that England, who is so jealous of her own liberty, who, in 1817, applauded in, advance the re-awakerking, of Italian liberty,_ could now make heavy sacrifices, burden li,er budget, endanger her , commerce and interne, tranquillity, —perhaps her domination in late general commercial crisis, having also " parti cipated in the lessono and had their portion of the recovery, '—here, again, "there are extensions of the railway system; which: are absolutely necessary as connecting links, and , which must inevitably create a business that is. in fact only waiting for There are important lines in the lJhion which are stintoel'.of their proper business because the connecting lines are absent. Cbnsiderable progress, we know, has. been made in, arranging the means for• the. carrying out of some of these most obvious y: needffil extensions ; but-whence,' it is asked, " is the iron to come ready answer- is, " the English market is already beginning to. send over its supplies,"—the iron trade, we understand, being in the best possible condition to, meet the demand.. Australia and India, likewise, are witnessing vast extensions of Railways ; and hi both these countries, we learn, the import business, according to, ast accounts, was decidedly reviving In the marl 'et for other staple articles. there found' to be a general expansion of trade, after a prevalent contraction. In, the words of the same review of the subject f!tom which we have been quoting, " almost everywhere the characteristics are the same —gradual, but steady revival ; demand for extension of the raw material, and an antici pated extension in the business of production throughout the great colonies of Engiand,—not (waiting the United States ;" and this, as is further remarked kind of extension which in itself reacts in promoting extension of our own domestic business, both by increasing the materials for the make, and by giving increased means to our most important customers." So that to all appearance, commercially, as well as finanoially, the year lBd9 has dawned upon us promisingly. Let us hope that, as time rolls on, its promises will be gradually, but fully realised. Everything will now depend upon the ' condition of the country politically. Domestic tranquillity is very essential to commercial and manufacturing prosperity. Political agitation—or any political movements which might create uneasiness in the public mind —would be certain to interfere with the realisation of our present hopes. Political demagogues often do incalculable mischief to a country's material progress, for the time being, by exciting the people's discontent, thereby interfering most injuriously with their industry and enterprise, and at the same time impairing public confidence and credit. Commerce is an interest of peace, and its state is the most healthfully prosperous in tranquil times. TILE TOXTETH BOARD OF GUARDIANS. OW Friday's impression we reported the last meeting of the Toxteth Board of Guardians, and a more ridicu lous affair it would be difficult to imagine. The meeting of the preceding week was bad enough, when the said guardians eutered upon the discussion pf the questio of Orange Lodges, and the unfitness of a man to act as a relieving officer who might be a member of any such lodge. We thought proper at that time to make some remarks upon the meeting, and upon what we conceived to be the mal-administration or wrong-headedness of those who assume the position of leaders at the Toxteth Board. We pointed out the irregular and underhand way in which they conducted a piece of public business of some importance, namely, that of appointing a person to a situation of £l3O a-year. It occurred to us that such a situation ought to have been open to public com een dealt with as a matter of .uardians Our observations have, it and —*ho knows ? India all for the sterile pleasure. of preventing constitutional liberty from being established at Milan, and developed at Turin, of preventing the Romans and Neapolitans from obtaining the advantage of a more humane and more enlightened -England would certainly Government never do anything to prevent so happy a trans- foxmation, either in Italy or elsewhere. But Eng- land is not to be gulled with the notion that the despot of France will ever promote such a con summation. Charity begins at home,—political charity, as well as every other. Let him first set the example in his own empire. If there is one European State which, more than another— all things considered--ought to " obtain the advan tage of a more humane and more enlightened Government," it is France herself. Let him, therefore, we say, begin his " re-awakening " process at home. Let him first establish " consti tutional liberty " in his own dominions. It will then be time enough to attempt it in the dominions of others. France, however, is evidently anxious as to the position which England may take in the coming conjuncture. "If England had need of the co operation of a Continental ally, what reliance," it is asked, " what reliance could she place on Austria ? Does she not know what the position of Ausrria is ? Menaced in Italy, menaced in Hungary, odious to the Poles, the Rouraains, and the Croats, who saved her, and whom she deceived, all that Austria can do is to live, to keep herself together. How can she lend help ? What interest can England have to lean on such a rotten prop ?"—ingeniously and invidiously adding, that "France, on the contrary, is always active and petition, and not hay( patronage by the appears, given great offence to the dominant faction at the Board; and we have some in for a lecture on the right method of exercising our eallitig, and have met with a fair amouut of censure, though• the persons who' have pointed out our offences do not seem to have impugned the accuracy of our report— they are dissatisfied with what we. said about the very unusizal and improper course they pursued in making- th( appointment in question. The extent of our offence seems to have been. this—we did something which, ac cordingto Mr. John• Wilson and Mr. Moes, was "uncalled for ;" and they "prate" upon it in a manner which appears to indicated a delusion one their part to the effect that we should as rtain from them what is called for, before we venture to comment on the proceedings at Toxteth Board. This may, probably,. be one of the- pleasantries of these " wise men" of Toxteth ; but whether it is or not, or whatever it may be, we shall decline' to ask the members of any public body which is a fit opportunity to praise or censure their proceedings. If men will do "silly" things they mutt' submit to be laughed at ; and if they act. wisely and sensibly theyare- sure to elicit applause. As- difficulties have arisen between ourselves and the Board, it may be as well, just to.set the matter at rest, to state the rise, and progress, and present position of these diffirtities. It may be remembered that a few.' weeks ago Mr. Horsfall, the chairman of the Board, quitted the body itt otter disgust, and has a.t since attended the meetirgs of the Board: But, perhaps, Mr. Horsfall had no cause for acting in such a manner—at least se the "unerring" party who drove him away will persist in saying. "Upon this point the public • will think as -they please—a: privilege which we also claim. The vies chairman4af the Board, Mr. Urquhart;-equally disgusted with the proceedings of ilis colleagues, withdrew from their compnay until he could clear himself, by communi cating with , the Poor-lawboard, of the odium which he foresaw must attach to the conduct afi the overbearihi section of the Board, with•-respect to a pretended visit to certain lunatic asylums, at the expense of the rate- payers, but , which trip tamed out to be one of pleasure ; yet the men had the " impudence" to demi nd payment in, full for far their expenses, even to cigars, out citthe township-rates! A quarrel arose con- cerning these demands, and •the unhappy , differences of opinion we reported at the time. At the -next meeting of the board, when the dominant party were altogether in the ascendant, we were pretty roundly abused, and charged with false reporting.'; .and sundry other delicate, and probably, in the opinion of the bawd, harmless, insinuations were thrown out against us as journalists . Perhaps the remarks were libellous—but that we caw forgive Yet, whilst making these unfounded attacks, the "wise men" izquestion didenot condescend to point out kin, but dealt." damnati3n any particular misrepresent round" in a wholesale manner. At the same time, after disposing of thn NonTHERN.Zrums, the hectoring clique who were in command of the :board assailed their absent vice-chairman, Mr. Urquhart; and beim. , a stout gentleman —from the fact of his —spoke of his physical develop - Cam, it be expected that sash ment as Id pass unnoticed ? We did ;not think so ; and that there was oat the slightest..-ground for impugning the accuracy of our report is fully established by the speech' of the Chairman, on Tharsday last,_ in which he said !the report was perfectly impartial, ac d correct—an admission •for -rrhich some of the • guard ms will, no doubt, entertain the greatist contempt. buffoonery she Having stated the nature of our own offence • against the Board, itmay bo proper, in order that: the cam may be rightly understood,, to state the character of the differences between the now chairman of.the board) (Mr Urquhart) and the "noisy" section of t.t, body was, as we• have mentioned, a deputation—off most unnecessary•strength professed to visit;.- for some .worthy purpose, certain lunatic, asylums ; but, somehowy they got off their track, and mistook their errando in suc.h direc- tions as Bolton Abbey-, &c., and this, caused, of course, more time to be occupied than woulOave been:, had the deputation gone properly about the business.upon which they pretended to be• engaged. But, while they: were out, they very reasonably- decided on enjoying, no 4 only the and sceneryi but ti such super- 'en came the expenses " The Ise.lves convivially-im a physii;al sons, to attain this en 4 they necessitily, consume finous articles. P.s sherry and cizars. bill, including the whole of th A the• depatAtion s to, peg it ratepayers, said the. conscientious deputa- tionr—all of them—except, welaelieve f Mr. Urquhart, who objected to the ratepayers being compelled to stand treat for people out on a party of pleasure, simply of them hagiened, to h hi 4 f and thinks it advisabl until t ).stay away from the Board auditor has e=mined. tile bill, and disallowed f the items objected to. In the brief interval of Air.. Urquhart's absence, the, guardians decid disenss the great Orange question, and revile tbAnbsont Urquhart, as if be were a fallen foe. So matters went on until the meeting Thurs last, when lo The Assyria came dawn like a wolf on the fOldi, in the shape of 1.4 r. Urquhart, who cooly took, the chair, and cut the combs of the heroes of the preceding month, by going through the relief business in the most easy and deliberate manner. The relief business over, the offences and transgressions of the NORTII,ERN TIMES again came under consideration. Mr. John Wilson averred that he was not a cruel man, and that we• had libelled him ; nd he appealed to the Board to say whether he was not Ms friends said proverbially kind-hearted ereathre he was—..and so said we, as will be seen on reference to our remarks of last week—but from some cause Mr, Willson has not an agreeable way of exhibiting his kinsily feelings A poor hung y wretch, coming before the Board in rags, and with a yearnin, stomach, and whoimay perhaps have half-a-dozen hungry children at home, does not consider it kind to be addressed in the voice of a boatswain, and made to tremble at rough interro- although it may be perfectly true that under gatortes that stentorian voice and rough exterior there may be a kind and benevolent heart. We should be sorry to say that Mr. Wilson is a cruel man -we don't believe he is; but there is a style of conferring favours which can make us prefer being without them. But we won't quarrel with the worthy guardian : we are glad to learn that he is not cruel, and if our observations may lead to a more soothing manner of investigating the cases of the miser- able people who are driven to solicit parish relief, we shall consider that we did not write in vain, and that Mr. Wilson has not suffered either in character or reputation by avowing that hard-heartedness is foreign to his nature.. We will not do him an injustice if we can avoid, it. But Mr. Wilson is not the only gentleman we have offended ; we have not pleased Mr. Moss --the terrible ! but as he does not appear to complain of any special injury or grievance, we don't think it would be worth our while to say anything harsh concerning him, only we cannot adopt his impertinent advice as to what is and what is not " called for" in the shape of comment in a public journal. The case against ourselves having been disposed of, Mr. Urquhart, the chairman, brought on his case, and read the truculent members of the Board a wholesome lesson upon their various escapades and irregularities ; but ere he had ended, tht) qaect ut F►'eacl )cc red scene of 1 ' 041 ( 1 not seized their iellnnciatic lernonstrat mem a i haltla'abtlieirlit stie;mhas°!l Ras wron lecture, ', N I p ro ved fro wor dy w. 4 ` hare pc perk at ritho u t tint, 11. 6 r ir is reearinc, . d, e, t i _ l°l ;ed -.' ll ' rPenditi ° lll the Faye. rich litti dined pteetine r:Or U lt e i : 7l) . I., e o t,, bers :i s nc dred Jouni e , died 0 I, bee T 7 fro m n 1 fro m 8 than Wounc: the N 22 ; 1; i ll I ' o r V itud 'mild, gene karti ai r s 1 ,4,0 r 1...;(3n !Into telc Fr;, th e the Re v , th e Ani thi, the