The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-09-01 00:00:00

itibrrpaot TUESDAY ZIORNING, sppr. 1, 1846. We had exhibit: d, in our Crown Court, on Mon day week, a spectacle which we do not think can be parallelled in any other land, whether for the magni tude and singularly horrifying circumstances of the crime alleged to hove been committed by the prison ers tried on the occasion, or for the palient investi gation which the case received from the court and jury, and the jealous fear displayed lest, under the influence of feelings excited by the unusual horror of the circumstances, the law should be permitted to deal its blow upon heads which did not deserve to suffer. We refer to the trial of the murder case from Greenheys. Manchester. Two boys, one of them a mere child, were arraigned for the murder of a poor vender of blacking, about 15 years of age, ' the robbery, and subsequent disposal of the body. The prisoners had no powerful friends to come for ward in- their behalf. They were of the humblest class. The atrocity of the charge, their apparently hardened conduct after the murder, compassion for the parents of the unfortunate deceased, and the powerful chain of evidence adduced against them before the coroner and the magistrates, had pro duced in the public mind a feeling of personal de testation of the prisoners, and a conclusion of their guilt. Yet, over the lives of these two boys, thus predoomed by public opinion, British justice watched with as much, or even greater, care, than it would have displayed had the offenders been of a higher gra le, with powerful friends . and wealth to protect thim. A learned sergeant-at-law was retained to d3vote to the task of their defence his great eloquence and legal acumen. The evidence of every witness —and there was an array of thirty-two witnesses for the crown—was sifted thoroughly. Their learned counsel bestowed two hours and a quarter upon his speech in their behalf; the learned judge spent above an hour and a half in explaining to the jury the bearing upon each other of the various links in the chain of circumstantial evidence adduced ; and the jury themselves were nearly half an hour in delibe ration, although they had already been sitting for twelve hours upon the case. The evidence, they felt, was but circumstantial—the most dangerous evidence to convict upon;—the boys had borne a good character up to the moment of the alleged murder ; and, for the credit of humanity, they could not believe that they could have become all at once such very fiends, as they must have been, had it been possible to imagine them capable of all the atrocity alleged agaimt them. The tri;,l itself presents features well calculated to make Englishmen proud of their country and its institutions, which throw the same shield over the defenceless which the powerful and the wealthy can procure for themselves. A trial thus conducted, and its result, assure the world that it is no mere formal maxim of law—no cold and deluding abstractin— which is proclaimed by our criminal practice, when it says that even the guilty are to be assumed to be innocent until their guilt is proved. One feature of the case, however, disclosed dur ing the proceedings before the court, is, we regret to say, not so creditable; nor is it at all consonant with our notions of the spirit of British jurispru dence. We refer to the police interference shewn to have been practised in the getting up of the case for a jury, in hunting out evidence to fill up gaps in the chain of circumstances, and apparently keeping back any thing which tended to raise a doubt in favour of the accused. We insert, in another column, some remarks made by the London Times upon the same practice, as prominently displayed in a trial before the Central Criminal Court, which, sin- gularly enough, took place on the same day, and in which the police appeared in the character of publit prosecutors, putting forth all their activity to pro cure a conviction. Many of the facts apply for cibly to the case tried in our own town. Such a practice . is not English, and should be put a stop to. The police have arduous and useful ditties to per form ; but their active interference should cease so soon as the offender has passed through the hands of the committing magistrate. They are then in the keeping of the law, and the law will do justice to them and to the community. We are happy to observp i that the subject to which we referred last week,'and which was so for cibly placed before the public by the letter of Dr. Harbord, viz., the frightful amou t of disease en gendered in the town by the neglect of parties to remove: nightsoil, the contents of cesspools, and other impurities, has been warmly taken up by the Health Committee of the Council and the authori ties generally; and that prompt measures are about to be taken for the abatement of the evil. This much is clearly practicable, at no very great cost to the town. Its entire removal cannot perhaps be accomplished until after the first of January, when the pro Visions and powers of the new Sanatory Bill will come into operation. In the mean time, the attention of scientific and practical men may be advantageously drawn to the most efficacious mode of effecting the desired relief. Something upon a comprehensive scale mast in the first instance be done, to prevent the continual nui sance in every neighbourhood, caused by the mode of removal of offensive substances by the. present method, To obviate this is a grand desidera tum ; and a plan has been explained to us, and is, we learn, highly approved of by several gentle men interested in the movement now making to provide for the better sanatory regulation of the town, which appears to us to possess many advan tageous features. We refer to the plan of Mr. W. urray Ross, which, we understand, will he laid before the Health Committee by Mr. 11..ithhone at its next. meeting. The plan in question possesses several important features. In the first place, it is proposed by the aid of ingenious and powerful ma chinery, devised for the purpose, to dispense altoge ther with the use of the ordinary nightinan's bar row, and to avoid the annoyance created by the ne cessity, under the present system, of depositing the offensive matter in the street, or on the parapets, previous to its being shovelled into carts for con veyance into the country. If this can be accom plished, the effluvia emitted during the operation will scarcely be felt, and much of the fertilizing gases, which at present are allowed to escape,. will be preserved. In the next place, it is proposed that the cleansing should be done at stated periods, of sufficient frequency to ensure the public against any undue accumulation; and that a whole street or court should be cleansed dt once. Thus the offen siveness and discomfort caused by the operation will be'a rare occurrence in any neighbourhood, in stead of, as at present, a monthly, and sometimes a weekly; infliction. Proper chemical means, as well as the improved machinery to which tee have ad verted, will be used to make the removal as little of possible ; whilst, a; the same time, the value, as manure, of the matter removed, will be greatly increased. Plans are also provided for the final convey nce of the whole away from the town, without the necessity arising from any centtal.,in termediate place of deposit, which would operate to poison the atmosphere in its neighbourhood. To effect the object here proposed is, however, obviously beyond ,the means of any private indivi dual. It is therefore proposed to form a company of periods for the purpose, who shall contract with the corporation and give such security:as may be deemed necessary for the effectual performance of the task which they undertake. h is conceived that the operations of such a company, by the aid of scientific processes, can be rendered profitable to themselves and advantageous to the• country, and especially advantageous to the agricultural commu nity, by increasing the supply of the really valuable fertilizing components which have hitherto been allowed to escape or to be depreciated. UpOn the question of profit, however, we cannot be expected to offer an opinion. That must be a consideration for the shareholders in such a company. We are satisfied, however, that science can do much to aid the farmer i i the mode proposed. It has been shown that evert by improvements in the construc tion of his premises—his stables and farm yards— the agriculturist can effect an infinite' amount of saving; and if this can be done with the fertilizing matter produced in large towns, anal at present wasted, by any method which will not involve annoy aace anti injury to he“ith, the attempt ought to be made. The proposal, as a whole, is one which deserves the serious consideration of the authorities. Let it not be scouted because it is a new one and a bold one. Let us not set our faces againat it because it is pr: posed to be carried out by a company. All great scheme; in the present age are thus originated. It is the co-operative system which has given us gas, provided us with water, and is forming for us railways; and if the same system can give us im proved health and lengthen the duration of life in our crowded marts of trade and industry, we should bless it for the boon and accept its aid with thank fulness. We are still not disposed to lose sight of the im portance of a better supply of water for cleansing purposes—for street cleansing, for the promotion of personal cleanliness, and for domestic purposes. The want of this must be removed, as the cause of half the sickness and mortality under which we labour. Another cause of disease, also, to which we have freqeently directed attention, the collection of water in stagnant pits in the outskirts of the town and even in some which are becoming central locali ties, must be attended to. We ask of those ladies and gentlemen who attended, on Saturday, the ceremony of laying the foun 'ation stone of the viaduct in Boundary-street, if the effluvia which met them on ascending the plat-form, or the sight of dead dogs and cats rotting in putrid water, were very provo cative of appetite, even for the splendid Dejeuner which the liberality of the Directors had provided for them. Is the sickly artizan passing such loath some places, on his way to or from his humble meal, very likely to enjoy it ? Can his children, breathing its poison daily, escape sickness ? Such places affect the health of the entire neighbourhood in which, by some extraordinary want of proper super vision by the authorities, they are permitted to exist. Of the place in question, it may he said that the water is required for brickmaking. Then com pel the parties owning the pits to make the bricks at once. If they are not ready to do so, or the bricks are not wanted just yet, discharge the water until they are. There are localities, however, in which such sources of pestilence exist, where no such excuses offer—places where the foundltions have been got out for future buildings, and where the water is permitted to remain, simply because the owner of the land cares not to remove it until the site is sold, or he is ready to build upon it. Such places are generally in neighbourhoods of conside rable population ; and, when we know that in every case they are surrounded with fever and other bale ful illnesses, we should promptly tell their owners that the health of the public shall not be permitted to suffer for the gratification of their own sifishness. NJ one is more sensible than ourselves of the dif ficulties which, in a town like Liverpool, beset a police magistrate in the discharge of his duties. Those duties themselves are so extensive and so complicated; the cases upon which such a magis trate has to decide are so varied in their character, that he must occasionally appear to bestow upon some too little consideration, to receive evidence with too little scrutiny into its truth, and to err in the judgment which he pronounces. One of the greatest difficulties under which the chief magistrate of this town labours, and which frequently brings upon him odium, has been in part of his own cre ation. We refer to the difficulty which arises in the case of informations where the police are the sole witnesses on the one side, and their statements are met by the counterstatements of disinterested parties. Mr. Rushton appears to estimate, at too high a rate the value of a policeman's oath. He regards every man in the blue uniform as a miracle, impartially promoting the ends of justice for itself alone, unde viatingly honest, and particularly candid. When policeman A. or B. presents himself, to denounce some unhappy carter, or to state his version of a row, and has policeman C. or D. at his elbow, to confirm his story, the Stipendiary, in regulating the amount of credence to be given to theta, does not appear to us sufficiently to bear in mind that there may be some motive in the background to stimulate these officers to magnify the offence alleged to have been committed, so as to stand well on the police books as vigilant officers. Hence, in some instances, it happens that parties are convicted upon evidence which, we suspect would, upon close examination, prove utterly worthless, if not even such as would entail upon themselves a reprimand as the slightest penalty. A case of this sort came before Mr. Rushton on Tuesday, in which a carman was summoned on two informations, one for creating an obstruction in Lime-street, and the other for furiously driving down Roe-street. The circumstances were these. The carman was waiting outside the station in Lime -street, at about half-past eleven p.m., on Mon day fortnight, for two gentlemen, one of them from this office, to convey them, with the express parcel from London, which we usually receive at that hour, when he was desired by a policeman to re move his car, as obstructing the road. Having a fare, of course the carman refused; and ais was the subject of information the first. When the car man had taken up his fare, he drove in the direc tion of Castle-street. In Roe-street he was met by another policeman 1l 1 with a charge of furious driving ; and followed by that officer and another nearly to our establishment, where he was stopped, and the number of his car taken. With respect to the first charge, it was proved, at I the hearing, that the car was in its proper place, as an engaged vehicle, and the information was dis missed. In the hearing of the other information, the second policeman mentioned deposed to the fu rious driving, and his following the car, which he stated was going with such rapidity, that when he, ONE HUADRED AND ELEVEN, had got to the end of Basnett-street, he saw the car before him at the top of Lord-street, above North John-street. Now, just for a moment examine the story of this singularly discerning individual. To see the car at the top of Lord-street, from the position mentioned, he would have to look through the whole range of building, from Church-lane to the middle of Lord street ! A person standing at the end of Basnett street, could not see a car more than a few yards past the end of Whitechapel, as Mr. Rushton way satisfy himself any day that he is passing the locality. TO substantiate his charge, which was de nied by one of the gentlemen who had been in the car at the time, another policeman was produced to depose to the rate of driving up Lord-street; and this itidiiidual, in reply to a question from the ma gistrdte, estimated the speed at twelve miles an hour (0 How far Mr. Rushton may be learned in hor , eflesh we do not know; but to those acquainted with the ordinary speed of this quadruped, and how much oftener we hear of trotting at the rate of twelve mileo an hour in harness, up hill, with a heavy four wheeled car, and three persons of respectable weight to drag, than see the feat performed, it would be rather staggering. To add to the improbability of the feat in the present case, the horse alleged to have performed it has attained the venerable age of twenty years, for the last seven of which he has been knocked about in the shafts of a hack car, on the stones of Liverpool, having previously been dis missed by an eminent surgeon as past service Notwithstanding these allegations, information the . second was dismissed.' 1 But how ? Why just in the way, we conceive,-to encourage attempts, on the part of the police, to annoy individuals, and to impose upon the credulity of the bench. Mr. Rushton intimated to our pro fession, that he was aware we were occasionally so circumstanced as to render rapid transmission of despatches desirable • but he could not allow us to peril : the limbs of her Majesty's lieges by driving furiously, thus assuming us to have been guilty of such: an offence. With respect to the carman, he said that he should not inflict a,fine this time; but if he was ever again brought .up, similarly charged, he should fine him forty shillings and costs, and the Stinindiary wound up by saying, that he could easily see bow the charge of furious driving had arisen. An uneasy feeling had been created in the minds of the police by the occurrence in Lime-street Whit a strange admission is here. Policeman A. stops a man for some imagined offence, and dis covers that he has committed himself. An " uneasy feeling" immediately prompts his brother policeman B. to bring another charge. Preserve us from cre ating an " uneasy feeling" in the minds of police ' meni Ittwould suggest itself to most persons, that the officials, thus admitted to have been prompted to bring a charge against an unoffending man by the 'inffuence of an "uneasy feeling," would at least be warned not again to allow such an influence to lead themselves astray, and put other people to unde served trouble and expense. But not so on this occasion. Not a word of warning or reproof was uttered. On the contrary, their " uneasy feelings" are gratified by the intimation, that the innocent party—who for this heavy offence against the dig nity of a policeman will probably be henceforth a marked man—will, next time he is brought before the magisterial bench, be treated with the rigour meted out to an old offender ! We observe, by a notice on the paper, that Mr. Tinne will, to-morrow, bring before the Council a motion for the establishment of an additional num ber of baths in the town, for the accommodation of the working classes, upon the plan of those whose operation has been so successful in the south end of the town. We hail this movement as a step in the right direction ; and its proposal does infinite credit to the gentleman who has originated it, and whose efforts are unceasing to ameliorate the condition and improve the health of his less wealthy townsmen. We trust the Council will meet the motion with a ready affirmative. It is one dictated not more by motives of humanity than by sound wisdom; and will carry along with it the hearty sympathy of the public. Whilst upon this subject, we cannot abstain from congratulating* Mr. Tinne upon the acquisition which, through him, the Health Committee have made, by securing for themselves and the town the services of Mr. Nicol and Mr. John Stewart. Both these gentlemen will bring to their aid a vast mass of useful information and active zeal. Neither ought we to omit recording our meed of thanks to Messrs. A. Lace, W. Rathbone, H. Hornby, J. Lawrence, and other members of the Health Committee—we scarcely ought to particularize any—for the ardent efforts which they have been, and are making, for the promotion of the great object committed to them,—the securing for all classes of their fellow townsmen, and the poor in particular, a purer at mosphere, better cleansed streets, better dwellings, and, as the result of these, better morals. TO cuI{ESPO: •E NT.;. If "An old admirer of the STANDARD" will make his question Wii!,, - I , 2avour t•)aoswu a Utile preci,e, We hay , h ',ever l c r:ti of t!.L• inalcntion of Omnibus conductors. T.M. says that havimr ho•Aed by the eight o'clock Omnihus to Bootle, and presnited himself at that hour, he is told that it is fail. We would advi,e in such cases that the t - rgrieve I party take some other conveyance— and as the onus NT'1,11:1 legally fall on the thnniiats ploprie.or —the cause of comp!ainU would s• on he remedied. We have received another excellent letter from Mr. Harhord. on san:Aory matters, which, however, the pre-sure of assize matter in our co:umns has shut out. Next week it shall ap pear. We are sorr✓, for the sake of the pu:)lic• that a commu nication from the first genteman who spoke out upon the subjnt of sanitary precautions in tais town, and spoke so auly, shou]d be shelved. for however sly,it a perioc. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. HAYDOCK LODGE LUNATIC ASYLUM• A question of some importance with regard to the pauper lunatics from Liverpool placed in this now noto rious asylum, was put yesterday, in the police-court, to one of the paid overseers. The question was, whether the overseers and churchwardens bad visited Llaydock Lodge lately ? The reply was. " not very lately ;" but a belief was added that they were about to go. Mr. Rush ton rjoined that they ought to visit the place immediately, and reterred to the appalling fact that, in one year, out of 444 inmates, no less than 112 deaths had occurred. "It is a bad business," he added. The conversation dropped at this point; but some facts have since come to our knowledge, which shew that whoever has anything what ever to do with the poor-law, or its adjuncts, is tolerably certain of being in some way or other damaged or defiled. The law empowers all parish authorities, who place pauper lunatics in asylums, to visit them at their discretion, upon the principle that they have a double care of these unfor tunate beings, as paupers and as lunatics. We apprehend the legislature never intended or expected that this provi sion which, if carried out, would have a salutary tendency in preventing abuse, should remain without vitality; and in this opinion many of our townsmen will coincide. Haydock Lodge first achieved public notice by the memo rable petition to the House of Commons from Mr. 0. Roberts, which was ordered to be printed by the House, and which contained most grave charges against the ma. nagement of the establishment, in a physical point of view. More or less, the system pursued there has been under notice and discussion to the very day when Mr. Rushton put the above question to the paid overseer. Yet we learn that since August in last year, now more than twelve months ago, the authorities of this parish have not paid a single visit, official or otherwise, to the wrstcbed beings in Haydock Lodge, who are presumed to be under their double care! And this, too, notwith standing the universal notoriety of the establishment. The present officers were elected at Easter, and they seem to have taken no official notice whatever of the asylum. beyond receiving the usual reports from subordi nates. By an arrangement with the county, this parish has had annually an average of 44 lunatic paupers in this asylum ; and it is said that out of that number there died in one year no less than 15, and in another 12. The deaths there among the pauper lunatics from Liverpool have been much greater than in any other asylum where they are sent, among which are those of Lancaster, Cam berwell, Kingsland, the Workhouse, and the establish ment in Ashton-street. This fact, which must have been evident from the returns made to the authorities, cer tainly ought to have excited attention, if not something more. It is no excuse to shift the blame on the visiting justices. Previously to the present year, the.parish paid 7s. 61. per week for each pauper lunatic maintained at Haydock : this year it has been reduced to 7s. In June last, arrangements were completed for sending some of these wretched unfortunates to Camberwell. where 10s., and to Kingsland, where Bs. fid. is paid per week for each. The terms in Ashton-street, we believe, are 12s. We hope, now that public attention is so forcibly directed to the Haydock Lodge establishment, out local authorities will lose no time in taking measures for an effective visitation of those who have a strong legal and moral claim upon their attention. Mr. Mott has been succeeded at Haydock by Mr. and Mrs. Whelan, from the asylum at Han well. The foundation stone of the new church in the Prince's Park, of which the Rev. Hugh 111• Neile is to be the in cumbent, will be laid to-morrow ( Wednesday) week, the 9th of September, by the reverend gentleman himself, at half-past twelve o'clock. The church will be dedicated to St. Paul. HEALTH OF THE TOWN.—We are glad to find that in furtherance of a recommendation from the Health of the Town Committee, the Highway board have given orders that all ashpits, &c., in the town are to be cleaned out immediately, and in all cases where the parties are too poor to bear the expense, the Board will take the neces sary steps themselves. DEATH FROM FALLING DOWN A VESSEL'S HOLD.— Yesterday an inquest was held upon the body of James Ferguson, who perished in consequence of having fallen into the hold of a vessel called the John M`Lellan, on Wednesday last. The deceased, who was 72 years old, was shipkeeper on board whilst the vessel lay in Toxteth Dock, and he fell down the after hatch in consequence of the ladder slipping. He was sensible when taken up, and was conveyed to the Southern Hospital, where he lingered till Saturday, when be died. FATAL ACCI DENT.—WAREHOUSE CELLERS.—An in quest was held yesterday by Mr. Currie, upon the body cf an old man, named Solomon Myers, a member of the Jewish persuasion, who, at eighty-tour years of age, met his death by accidentally falling down a warehouse cellar, in Waterloo-road. On Wednesday, the deceased was walking along Waterloo-road, and being near-sighted, he did not perceive the cellar, but fell into it quite suddenly. From the testimony of Mr. Gildersleeves, house-surgeon at the Northern Hospital, it appeared that the deceased had sustained fractures of the right thigh and right arm, from the effects of which he died on Friday night. POLICE -COURT, YESTERDAY.—The police business before the stipendiary magistrate yesterday was more than ordinarily meagre and uninteresting. The chief occupation of the court was to dispose of cases of' drun kenness and trivial assaults. Several persons were com mitted for felonies of a small amount, among whom was a man named William Hughes, for entering a broker's shop in Great iloward-street, and stealing property valued at several pounds. Another man, named George Barnes, was convicted of an assault upon police officer No. 434, in Whitechapel, on Saturday night, and fined £5. In default of payment he was sent to the Borough gaol for two months. ANNUAL LICENSING DAY.—The annual licensing sessions for public-houses within the borough commenced yesterday at the Sessions-house, the magistrates present being Mr. Richard Houghton and Mr. R. V. Yates. There are no less than 1500 applications for renewals. The order in which they were considered was alphabeti cal, according to the names of the streets. Having ar-' rived at the letter M, the court adjourned till this day (Tuesday). No licenses were finally refused, but it is understood that several are down in the " b'ack list," with very little hopes of being taken out of it, though no efforts will be spared by those concerned to effect that object. The charge for each renewal is 7s. Gd. ;so that supposing the whole to be granted, the sum of £562 103. will be realised to the borough fund. The transfers are to be taken to-morrow (Wednesday). There are the unprecedented number of 216 applications for new li censes—a fact significant of an increased population, and an extended surfaca of building within the municipal boundaries. The magistrates will decide upon these ap plications to-morrow week, the 9th instant. CARNARVON REGATTA.—SeveraI very spirited con tests took place at this festive gathering, on Thursday and Friday last. The first race was a time race for the Menai Cup, value twenty pounds; contested for by yachts, between eight and eighteen tons, old measurement. The cep was won by the " Daring." 17 tons, belongin g t o H. Barrett, Esq., beating the Diamond, 17 tons, Hehe, 15 tons. Nautilus, John, and Mary, each 9 tons. On Friday the Prince of Wales Cup, presented by the Hon. Colonel Douglas Pennant, and open to all yachts above.thirty tons old measurement, was contested for by the " Vision," 44 tons, and the " Enchantress," 4a tons, the fornier proving the winner by eighteen minutes, in a course of rather more than twenty miles. Tha Vision belongs to Thomas Bir chall, Esq., clerk of the peace for this county. The race for the Snowden Cup, value thirty guineas, was contested by seven yachts, and was carried off by Mr. Barrett's Daring," beating the " Petrel," belonging to W. NV, Shand, Esq.. which came in second, Mr. Little's " Jilt," Mr. R. B. Preston's " Hebe," Col. Pennant's " Dia mond," Mr. Mandock's "Queen Victoria," and Mr. Powen " Jack-y-Tan." The ra e for the Carnarvon cup, value forty guineas, open to all vessels above 12 tons, came off on Saturday. An objection was raised to the " Vision" contending for this prize, in consequence Eof having won the cup on the previous day, but the commit - tee decided that as the " Vision" was the only yacht ori ginally entered ready to take up her place on 'the first day, to exclude her would be an act of injustice. The owners of the other yachts would not therefore enter, with the exception of the owner of the " Daring," and she and the " Vision" started for the prize at seven minutes east twelve. They arrived home. the " Vision" at 2 32 20, and the " Daring" at 2 47 40, leaving a real difference of time in favour of tie" Vision" of 15 mi nutes 20 seconds. but as there were 27 tons in favour of the." Daring" to be allowed for at a quarter of a mi nute per ton, the "Vision" won the race by eight mi nutes and thirty-five seconds. Mr. Birchall thus won two cups at Carnarvon, and as will be seen from our report of the Beamaris Regatta, he was there success ful in carrying off a 'f.so prize with the same yacht. LAYING OF HE FOUNDATION STONE OF THE LIVERPOOL AND BURY RAILWAY. On Saturday, the fumdation stone of this most useful undertaking, which is to bring the railway into the heart of the town of Liverpool, was laid with great eclat at the north end of the propose•" viiduct in Boundary-street. It had been decided upon that a procession of the direc tors and gentlemen connected with the line, with the con tractors and their men, should meet at the offices in Dale street, and form a cortege to the locality where the cere mony was to take place ; and at one o'clock the men employed by Messrs M'Cormack, the contractors fur the line, as, , embled in Moorfielda, with the foremen, over lookers, &c. The band of Mr. Jclliffe was stationed here, and that of Mr. Stubbs opposite the offices in Dale street; and both alternately enlivened thc party assembled with a succession of overtures, quadrilles, &c. At about two o'clock, the procession formed, consisting of five or six hundred labourers, with banners, &c., headed by the band of Mr. Jolliffe, and a considerable body of the fore men and superior men, neatly dressed and wearing favours on their breasts. These were followed by Stubb's band ; and the procession was brought up by the directors, sec retary, engineers, &c. and a considerable body of gentle men interested in the undertaking. The route was by Dale-street, Exchange.street East, Oldhall-street, and Great Howard-street to Boundary-street, where it passed by a platform to the place where the stone was to be laid, around which were stages filled with some of our fair townswomen, and the gentry, and others of Liverpool, Manchester, &c, and from the neighbourhood of the works along the line. About half-past two the procession reached the site, and the usual ceremonial having been gone through, Mr. WILLIAM STEWART apologised for the absence of the Chairman of the Directors (Mr. James Brancker) through indisposition, and after alluding to the occasion wlrch called them together, noticed the important fact, that the Liverpool and Bury Line, in connection with the Man chester and Leeds Railway and its extensions, will con nect the Irish Sea with the German Ocean. Mr. Stewart concluded his appropriate remarks by saying. that he did not know how they could end the ceremony better, than by invoking that blessing from on high, without which 1 their work would be in vain. Mr. THOMPSON, addressing Mr. Stewart, then said, — Sir, it now devolves upon me, as engineer to the Liver pool and Bury Railway Company, to request that you will undertake, in the absence of our chairman, the duty of performing the ceremony for which we have this day met. I have, therefore, very great pleasure in placing this trowel and the necessary accompaniments in your hands, as the representative of our respected chairman. In dokg so, sir, permit me to congratulate you, as well as your fellow directors, upon the success which has hitherto attended your labours on behalf of this undertaking. Few projects have, like this, had at the outset so many difficulties to contend with, and such powerful opposition to encounter; but you have triumphed over them all, and have now the gratification to see not only the laying of this foundation stone, but of seeing your works all through the line in a state of rapid progress ; and from the very place on which we now stand you can see them rising be fore you as far as the eye can reach, as if to congratulate you upon this auspicious event. As regards our worthy chairman, who has, it is much to be regretted, been pre vented by illness from performing the cetsmony here to day, his absence allows me the opportunity of saying how very much indeed the shareholders in the Liverpool and Bury Railway owe to him personally for the success of the undertaking. His never-failing spirit cheered us in our early times of adversity ; and his peisonal worth and in tegi ity of purpose never failed of success in smoothing down the rough edge of opposition. We have, sir, the satisfaction of knowing that his warmest feelings are with us this day, though we must regret that he is so unhap pily absent from us;—(hear, hear)—and I believe that, if the stone you are about to lav could receive and bear the impression of the feelings of our chairman, it would be able, in after years, to tell how deeply, how truly. his heart has been in the Liverpool and Bury Railway. [The trowel was then presented to Mr. Stew,rt.] Mr. HERON, the secretary, here read as follows the in scription on the brass plate on the stone about to be laid :—" The Liverpool and Bury Railway, originated in October, 1844 ; the act obtained in July, 1844 ; the works commenced January, 1846; and the foundation stone of the Liverpool Viaduct 29th August, 1846, by James Brancker, Esq., the Chairman of the Board of Directors." Then followed a list of the directors of the company, the names of the secretary, engineers, contractors, &c. Mr. William M'Corrnick and Mr. Samuel Holme are the con tractors for the viaduct. A bottle, containing a quantity of newspapers and coin, was then deposited, and the stone laid. The Rev. Rector BaCIOICS offered up an impressive prayer, and the company then retired to a de'jefin , r, which had been prepared in a spacious warehouse near the site, belonging to Mr. Thos. Park, and which had been most tastefully decorated by Mr. Urnuahrt, of Bold street. Four tiers of tables were placed along the room, with a raised table for the Chairman and invited guests, over which a drapery was hung, very prettily arranged, and a handsome canopy descending from the crown of the building to the sides, looped up in festoons, with devices ornamenting the whole. The roof of the room was hung with flags and evergreens, and the sides with coloured drapery. of various hues the seats being covered with crimson cloth. Above the lower end of the room an or chestra was raised, from which Mr. Stubb'a band played a succession of airs during the afternoon. _ _ The drjethier, which was provided by Messrs. Fisk, of Castle -street, was beautifully set on the table, and the viands abundant and excellent, as were the variJus wines, furnished, we believe, by a firm in South Castle-street. Mr. Wm. STEWART took the chair. On the right of the chairman we observed Mr. Honithworth, Sir Thomas Brancker, Mr. Sergeant Wilkins, Mr. Wood, Mr. Oaken shaw, engineer; and Mr. S. Darbishire, solicitor of the company. On the left the Rev. Rector Campbell, Mr. Turner, Mr. Smith, Mr. Thompson, the engineer; and two or three other directors. After the repast, the CHAIRMAN proposed the health ef " Her Majesty the Queen." "The Queen Dowager, Prince Albert, and the rest of the Royal Family ;" also "The Lord Lieutenant of the County ;" toasts duly honoured He then gave " The Lord Bishop and Clergy of the Diocese," coupled with the name of the Rev. Rector Campbell. The Rev. Rector CAMPBELL returned thanks in an ex cellent speech. He said, although he was fully conscious the clergy should be animated in the performance of their duty by a higher notion than the desire to obtain the good opinion of their fellow-men, yet he was conscious, at the same time, that without that good opinion they could not perfect the object of their ministry, (hear, hear) and, therefore, it was a legitimate object of anxious desire. With respect to the Lord Bishop of the diocese, he was too well known to need panegyric from him; this, how ever, he might say, that as he was in public so he was in private, a model of gentleness, humility, and Christian zeal, himself the very Christian which he wished all others to be. (Applause ) In contemplating the triumphs of commercial freedom, one of which they had assembled to celebrate that day, he hoped he might be permitted, in the spirit of that prayer which had been offered up by the Rev. Rector Brooks, to express a hope that the extension of commerce might be made conducive to the extension of Christian civilization. It would not become him, he said, to make any controversial allusion to the legislation of the present day, or to express an opinion as to the ex pediency of those legisla.ive measures, or the conse quences to which they are likely to lead. He might, per haps be allowed, without offending the Protectionists, (for whom he had the highest respect,) as free trade was now progressing in this country, he might be permitted - to hope and pray for the success of free trade all over the world, (loud applause,) adding the humble but earnest prayer that commerce, which is the child of peace, might be permitted in the mercy of providence to unite all nati ons in the bond of peace. The reverend rector concluded with some eloquent and appropriate remarks. Mr. HOULDSWOBTH proposed "The Chairman and Directors of the Liverpool and Bury Railway Company," which was drunk with loud cheering. Mr. H. GRENFELL returned thanks on behalf of the directors. The CHAIRMAN then gave "The health of the En gineers." Mr. THOMPSON, on behalf of his colleague, Sir John and himself, returned thanks. Several other toasts were drank with much enthusiasm, and the Chairman having presented Mrs. James Brancker with the beautiful trowel, which he, as deputy of Mr. Brancker, had that day used, the meeting separated. The workmen were pros ided with dinner in a large room on the right of that on which the de9igner was held. About 500 sat down to a most excellent repast, furnished by Mr. Latham, of Fenwick-street. The fare consisted of the roast beef and plum pudding of old England, with all the et ceteras in which moderns indulge. At the head of the room there was a large slip of drapery, with the words, " Success to the Liverpool and Bury Railway Company," and " God, save the Queen !" As in the other room, an orchestra had also been erected, bear ing on its front drapery Nelson's inspiring motto, " England expects that every man this day will do his duty." Mr. M'Cormick, the eminent contractor, pre sided over the company, who, if not quite so polished, were not one whit less joyous than their neighbours in the adjoining room. After the repast the room was cleared, and dancing was kept up to a late hour, the two excellent bands of Mr. Stubbs and Mr. Jolliffe adding very much to the enjoyment which everywhere reigned. CHESTER OCTOBER MEETING. The sport at the ensuing autumn races bids fair to be first-rate. Thirty-nine entries have been made for the Chester Handicap, of which the following is the list : Milton, Pal, Patriot, Ironmaster. Lancashire Witch, British Tar, T' '. l f. by Tory Boy, The Mag net, Eein-go-Bragn, :-..itayer's Daughter, Romance. Lord Harry, Greet:finch. Fltzwilliam, Fair Star, Lightning, Prince, c. by Don John, Plaudit, Flahowlagh, Finvarah, Auricula, King Charl , s, Black. Strap, Columbus. Arthu r, Caprice, Camera Ohscura, Master Downes, Chatterbox, Espoir, Spithead, Sensation, Tru.boy, Parson's Clerk, Red Rover, Factory Girl, and ti'e Laura colt. A new race, which will furnish an excellent addition to the sport, has been started by the liberality of the spi rited landlady of the Saracen's Head, Mrs. Leet, which is appropriately enough denominated " The Saracen's Head Handicap." Fur this race tbere are already 20 entries, viz. :—Pal, Regalia, Arthur, British Tar, Black Strap, Milton, Revolution filly, Caprice, Driffield, c. by Don John, Psalm Singer, T' Auld Squire , D r. Husband, Sensation, Stanstye, Parson's Clerk, Laura colt, What, Red Rover, and Ratcliffe. • POTATOES AND POKERS.--A contemporary (the Jour nal) has this strange heading to a leader, the substance of which is a controversy between himself and the Times. We do not see its applicability. If intended to refer to the disputants themselves we ought to be told which is the potato and which the poker. 01 , 7 THE SANITARY STATR OF SOME PARTS OF LIVERPOOL. LETTER XIII. " In Kahl, a town of monks and bones, And pavements fang'd with murderous stones, And rags , and hags, and hideous wenches, I counted two and seventy stenches, All well-defined and genuine stinks ! Ye nymphs that reign o'er sewers and sinks, The river Rhine, it is well known, Doth wash your city of Cologne;— But tell me. nymphs! what power divine Shall henceforth wash the river Rhine ?" Coleridge's Table Talk. MR. EDITOR,—It were to be much wished that the poet-satirkt of Cologne had hapFened to have paid a visit to Liverpool: he would have felt himself obliged to tax his powers of description even to a greater pitch, if it had been possible, in order to do justice to the pre-emi nent stinks teeming from her overcrowded habitations and surcharged cesspools. It is a great loss to society, for had he lived and been retained for the lofty purpose of setting in the rich framing of his satirical fancy a true full-length portrait of Liverpool proper, to be held up as a rod " in terrorenz" for after-coming cities, what a boon might have been thereby conveyed !—what an heir-loom might have descended as a warning to posterity ! The facts for the portrait might have been furnished from the armoury of our medical experiences ; the lights and sha dows might have been culled from Dr. Duncan's pam phlet ; and not a few tintings, perhaps, from the contri butions of current writers-down of the historical gaps of Liverpool Im-proper. Some are disposed to think he meant the above description for Liverpool. Lest the data should not yet have quite accumulated up to an adequate conviction point, I shall continue to give to the public some further observed facts and reflec tions from my note-book. I attempt to reduce them under something like heads, for obvious convenience. TOPOGRAPHICAL ADVANTAGE FOR DRAINAGE AT A DISADVANTAGE. A court in Blair-street ought to have attracted the at tention of the authorities, by some means or other, weeks ago. The solitary policeman on his beat might have dis covered the condition of this court, or rather back alley —perhaps it is not a court at all, although definitions for such like quarters in Liverpool are rather difficult, but call it an alley—l say he ought to have discovered the disgraceful condition of it even if he had only one eye, and that eye even not gifted with a vision capable of dis criminating between men and trees. I have an idea in my head about the proper sphere of duties for a police man, which leads me to the conclusion that nuisances palpable, visible, smellable, ought to obtrude themselves upon his vigilant commission. But no! I must be la bouring under a mistake in this respect. Their range of duty bears most indirectly upon filth and horrid nuis ances, but most directly upon what concerns the high way—an old woman's comparatively inoffensive apple stall—a ragged urchin chalking his early alphabet, or first lines in perspective, on the flag-stones—an umbrella open with a few halfpenny tracts spread upon it—a milk-jug spilt—or a bottle broken, and its crystal fragments left to ornament the spot—where a wreck has happened, or a chance-medley of the pushing crowd has precipitated the egg-basket to an untimely rendering up of its account — all such little moving incidents, or mute relics of what bath been, will call forth with the fittest appropriateness the policeman's officious comments, be they in the accents of an order for peremptory retiring such nuisances as obstructions from the offended pathway, or be they, in sortie happy moment of the official's self-complacency, expressive of commiseration or pity for the unhappiness or bad luck of the wretched milk-jug owner, &c. &c. I do not mean to say that even these trifles may not, ought not to engage his attention. Undoubtedly they are subjects of proper oversight, but they become insignifi cant items of duty when compared with other and vastly more important duties. These greater duties about greater nuisances ought to be " done," and the lesser need not therefore be left "undone." Society will at once appreciate this correct order of things. An apo thegm will confirm it :—" His mind is great who can attend to great things ; but his is greater who can take into the scope of his attention things little as well as great." I have rendered the sense, though not the exact words, of some remembered author. _ _ Let the policeman have the amount of credit due to him for looking sharp after orange peelings, milk-sioppings, and other salvages of the highway wrecks ; but why, in the name of common sense, should he not take official cognizance of heaps as well as particles—of oceans or pools as well as drops? It seems, to the mind of a medi cal observer, nothing but right that be should ; and that in the light of common sense—not specially of medical sense. Whether the public will agree that such medical common sense is based upon common sense, cannot be predicated safely in the instance I am going to mention; but it is quite possible the thing may be realised in the fact of the abatement of the nuisance in question. If this abatement does take' place, then are the authorities and ourself " at one," and we shall have the satisfaction of knowing that we possess not only sense common to so ciety, but also to the authorities ! But, if so, why should not the police have credit given them for common sense; and if they do obtain, like ourselves, this credit, why is not their duty based upon it? Why does it not square with it? If it does, then the state of much of the filthy degradation rests upon the neglect of this duty ; and it is fitting they should be told of it, and invited by an humble individual to increased vigilance in the discharge of that duty; not for the future reign of the Sanitary Act, dating from Jan. I, 1847, but now! now, whilst disease is rife, and epidemic disorders are lifting up their fatal beads. If, on the contrary, these gentle monitions of a medical practitioner are wrongly based on the assumption of su pererogatory duties of police, what can police duties be made of ? They cannot be made of that stuff we call com mon sense; they must be compounded of some super sense—some cut-and-dried police sense, which medical authorities know not of, and which is entirely foreign to the natural history of disease and death ! And then, if such is the case, what are the police rates levied for, and the scavengers' rate, and so on? Unless they are instru mental in waging war with the hot-beds of disease, and if they leave the "filthy to be filthy still," in an over crowded population, where are we? If the authorities only knew the numbers of rate-payers amongst the small tenement-holders, who are grumbling at the hardships of contributing to rates the application of which is too par tial to reach their doors with vivifying streams and hesoms destructive of filth, they would issue now immediately or ders to all their numerous staff, not only to remove nui sances complained of, and which is only half the cure, but to complain of them themselves. Then something would be done effective and hope-giving. As it is, a lethargy broods over police and population, and the activities of malaria are making sad inroads upon human constitutions, because " knowledge is" not power," and virtuous habits do not overcome vicious ones. How can the relay of policeman after policeman, en a beat, so quietly pass by, day after day, week after week, month after month, year after year, all those foul and loathsome accumulations with which alone my own pen has been contaminated for this long time past—let alone the catalogues of other observers. These remarks have reference extensively to the gene ral neglect of duty by the police in nuisance matters, as I cannot have failed to establish, although they spring par ticularly ont of a case in Blair-street, which certainly might, without exaggeration, be taken as a type of the nuisances of Liverpool Im-proper. A back court, or alley, leads from the street down the declivity of the hilly ground on which the. street stands. At the foot of the alley, the rear wall of the back premises of some houses appears to block up the passage into a cut de sac form. Whether there is any outlet here, or further downward vent. deponent knoweth not, as he had not a boat!—but evidence goes against the supposition very strongly. If there ia, or was, it is not a vent at the pre sent either for footsteps or for water-escape even. A body of filthiest fluid is retained between the walls of ashpits, &c., on the sides and the blockading wall at the bottom end. The descent of the passage is rapid, and all the fluid is stagnated at the lowest part, of course ; and this to a height of 2or 3 feet at least. Some time since, I believe I am fully correct in saying, it could not have been less than 3 or 4 feet. To gauge its actual depth, could not be accomplished by any but a courageous night man. The walls themselves form a tolerable index. This has been stagnant there for weeks, and a more abomina ble place can rarely be found. It is passing strange how tenants can allow day after day to witness such an accu mulation and overflow. The contribution would appear to be formed from several back yards and their drainages. The only place I can imagine where the policeman's eyes were who goes on duty there, must have been in his pocket. The resources of physic must be plied in vain where sickness claims them in such a quarter. The na tural advantages of the ground, therefore, must be at a discount—or indeed rather, once such a blockade is al lowed to take place, the use becomes the abuse, and the tendency of gravitating fluid would serve to maintain, as an increasing evil, such a nuisance, in spite of all the re sults of evaporation.—l remain, yours, &c., GEORGE C. WATSON. Bedford-street. AnnuNt 29th, IR named — hotd ma t n he steam• this port and Lord John Russell has given one of the best livings in his gift to a son of the late General Nutt. Daniel p DßOWNlNG acet v‘Hriiciliciasm OFF en n T o,f ti wtEhietiOchn seamenapiisieboennt. Waterford, was unfortunately drowned when the vessel was off the Ormshead, on the morning of Saturday last. On Saturday morning, the deceased was standing upon the rails in the afterpart of the vessel, for the purpose of fastening a sail to dry to one of the stancheons, when an also ir c r a p eis t p orehb e rao d toneusadst o tro u edwtpff t .ohp , eei fcco i dAt t hr t ,. o:fe o seentr n t sebraae r eupac opvut d hyaeoziarnlw w erawcta l bet r iasolo i seo c n h nfsooionw l ftti instantlykoi thbeh o ii oenc k eag hi e rut hooked in hhe i rte n orhiTrol me t tawh h usm e enpnt aeat s cdtti enginesr moek a i aw n eme c a. 1 ar i nydewEos:efnbe, were . leueril rtem s oyr l v vve i but he did s w t and a boat lowered by the men, in which he was secured ju He was quite sober when he fell into the water. STRANDING OF THE STEAMER DUNDALK.—During the greater part of Saturday night and Sunday morning, we were visited by a very heavy fog—indeed•the weather was so thick at intervals that it was impossible for inward or outward bound ve.sels to observe the lights. The powerful steam-ship Dundalk, inward bound, with a heavy cargo, under the command of Captain Hutcheson, who had most judiciously greatly slackened speed, got aground on Bootle Sands, about half a mile to the south ward of the Land•marks. So slow, however, was she going, that her touching was scarcely perceptible to those on board; but on the tide receding she was left snugly high and dry. The active agent, Mr. James Metge, (to whom, as well as the commander, every praise is due,) lost no time in providing steamers, in case of necessity. By the aid of two of the Seacombe boats, the deck cargo was discharged, and on the coming tide the vessel was floated off. At four o'clock she was berthed in the Cla rence Dock, neither the vessel nor her freight having sustained the slightest injury. Sept. 1, IR-16. TRIAL TRIP OF"TIUE ANTELOPE" SAIL-AND STEAM-PACKET.Yesterdly, the Antelope. an iron vessel. fully ship riged, and with a screw propeller as au auxiliary to her sail propulsion, made a trial-trip which proved to be most gratifying, inasmuch as it shows that the judicious com bination of sails, and steam acting on the screw, will, in all probability, and that soon too, effect a revolution in the structure and appointment of a large portion of our sea-going mercantile marine with grater advantages, (at a comparatively small cost,) in speed ; aed consequently advance to a yet incalculable degree the career of com merce with all parts of the world. About half-past seven a m., a party of gentlemen, in vited by the owners, embarked in a river steamer at the Seacornbc Slip, and were taken on bo ird the new vessel, which was lying at anchor in the offing. The Antelope—built &cm a draugh,s, by Mr. John Grantham—was seen from the quay to great advantage. and her appearance commanded the marked attention of hundreds of spectators. Her foremast is stepped well aft, on account of her sharpness forward, and all her masts have a considerable rake. Her spars and rigging, though, on a near approach, rather heavy for our taste, become her well ; and her model being fine, and her length great, she has the appearance of a handsome corvette; and if it were war times, a would-be privateersinan's mouth would water at the sight of her, particularly if he considered that she had, in addition to her other wicked qualities, an invisible and strong propulsion in addition to her sails. The following are the dimensions, &c.:— Length of keel • ... 168 feet. Ditto m it a to over all . . 6 „ .. Depth Tonnage, about Engines . •• . The engines are on the direct-acting principle intro duced by Mr. Grantham, and thee, together with the coal buiakers, occupy in all only 27 feet of the length of the vessel, so that the machinery takes but little from the stowage. She is the property of Messrs. M'Tear, Had field and other gentlemen, and i s t o run b e t ween this port and Rio Janeiro, with goods and passengers. The cabins are most elegantly and chastely fitted np. The dining room is panelled in richly feathered and polished maho gany, with pilasters of satin-wood ty-tween. The fancy capitals and cornicing is of a light tint, touched with gold, and the ceiling to correspond. It is lighted be two large square deck lights of stained and variegated glass. The dormitories are large and replete with every convenience. At one end is a splendid picture of Rio Janeiro, seen from the sea, and amongst the shipping is easily recognized "The Antelope," as the most rakish craft amongst the fleet. On the walls are four other views from the neigh bourhood of the same port—all of them beautiful, deli cate, and illustrative of the locality, which is one of the finest in South America. - These are enamelled on papier mache, and in gilded frames surmounted (as are all the doer-ways to the bed-rooms) with the semblance of the Antelope in alto and gilded. There are berths for 33 first•class passengers, and a proportionate number for those of humbler degree. The Ladies' Cabin is a beautiful apartment, empa nelled and painted in light colours in an elegant style. and provided with sofas. There is also a fine after cabin, with circular sofa seats, and having the advan tage of the stern windows. There were on board Mr. Mc Tear, Mr. J. P. Mather, Messrs. Timothy and Thos. Jevon, Mr. Braga, the Vice- Consul of the Brazils, Mr. T. R. ILol,inson, Mr. T. P. Forwood, Mr. W. Brice, Mr. Newton, of the firm of Currie and Newton, Mr. Ross, of the Chronicle, Mr. John Grantham, Capt. Tharripsln, of the new ship " Sa rah Sands," Mr. Thompson, of Messrs. Mc Tear and Co's., Mr. Montgomery, an American gentleman, and others. The morning was beautifully fine, with the wind light from the southward. After the party had partaken of an excellent breakfast the anchor was weighed and the vessel steamed up the river, at half-past eight o'clock, to opposite the south end of the Albert Dock warehouses, where she rounded, and ran down the river with steam only, though the wind was then southerly. She reached the rock at two minutes past nine. At 9h 53m she passed the Formby Light-ship, having accomplished 4 miles in twenty-three minutes. She 'relied the Bell Buoy at twenty-four minutes past ten, which, including stoppages from the unhvoidable heating of parts of the new machinery, and which occupied in all twenty minutes, made 8 knots an hour good going. At one time she made 9,1 knots an hour, and we have no doubt but that when the stiffness of her engines is worn off, and sb t has a leading wind, she will accomplish from 12 to 13 knots an hour. The wind now chopped to the N.W. by W. and blew stiffly, with rain. At forty minutes past eleven o'clock, the North-West Light-ship was about two miles distant, the ship being on a wind, and going under her three topsails, fore and main trysail, &c., close hauled. She stood well to her canvas, and was as stiff as a crutch. It must be added, that though there was on some occa sions a heavyish sea, into which other vessels were dig ging their noses, she dashed onward with great ease and steadiness, and without shipping a drop of :rater. The engine made from 35 to 36 strokes per minute. The vessel beat out to within a short distance of the Ormshead, and would have proceeded, but during great part of the day, after passing the Formby Light-ship, the rain fell heavily, and somewhat marred the enjoyment of the trip. An excellent digeaner, or lunch, and wines, was served, and, this being generally thought to be the finale, several toasts, complimentary to the owners and others connected with the ship, were proposed and drunk with enthusiasm. Mr. Braga proposed the health of Mr. M'Tear, with a merited compliment that he had been most indefatigable and enterprising in bringing out such a ship for the improvement of commercial navigation, and concluding by expressing a hope that he had not been disappointed in what she had done that day.—Mr. M'Tear said that the result was beyond bs most sanguine expectations.— Captain Thompson (cf the Sarah Sands) paid a h'gh compliment to Mr. Grantham. He had asked that gen tleman what engine room would be required to attain seven knots an hour, what for eight knots, and what for nine ; and the reply led him to the conclusion that the proportionately small space and engine expense for the seven knots would be the cheapest. Out of this, the seven knots was taken for this vessel, but they had got eight knots out of her, which was more than Mr. Gran tham, in his anxiety not to mislead, had calculated upon, with the 27 feet only. (Cheers.)—Mr. Court proposed, with a high compliment, th e "h ea l t h o f Captain O'Brien," to which that ge n tl eman a bl y respon d e d. —The "health of Mr. Forwood" was proposed, as a ship per to the Brazi!s.—Mr. F. returned thanks. He said that machinery was yet in its infancy, that improve ments would_ go on, and that we should et " bridge . the Atlantic." On the health of the Emperor of Brazil. connected with the name of Mr. Braga, being drunk, that gentle man, in a truly eloquent address, referred to the con sneenxtieodn, between r t e h s i s s e d c o u u o n t o r s y s ura and o c thate that w t h h i c e y h w h o e u r l d e p ryete- lYcorne more intimately attached ; to which object he should lend his utmost aid. lie proposed the health of her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain. (Cheers.) Mr. Court, in terms of eulogium, proposed the health of Mr. Grantham, who modestly replied, simply express ing his gratification that the estimates which he had given as to speed had been admitted to be more than realised. He furnished instances of vessels, even coasters, on the principle he had laid down, that had performed, with large cargoes, unusually rapid and profitable pas snes. The Antelope could receive in her bunkers—all between decks—sufficient coal for 25 days steaming, which ho o m oa e r w d ard enj oyed and the was generally enough for a voyage to the Brazils. ishe weathership good cleared wa yinup, returningthos eon themselves to a high degree. She passed many vessels under double the same press of canvass. Sh e ran f rom having made the Bell Buoy to the Rock in one hour and six minutes, and afterwards anchored in the Sloyne. The guests thence debarked by boats, highly delighted by the day's ex cursion, and the politeness and attention of the owners and captain. The latter, who has had great experience, was formerly commander of " The Iron Queen." IMMIGRATION INTO CANADA.—Up to the 30th of July this present season, 9964 immigrants arrived at Toronto, being an increase of 2512 over the number that had arrived up to the same period last year. The Earl of Ellesmere has left Worsley Hall, Lanca shire, for his shooting lodge in Sutherlandshire, where the noble earl purposes to enjoy the sports of the High lands no to the close of the present month. The Duchess of Kent arrived at Portsmouth, on Sun day, from Osborne House. The Queen and Prince Albert, with the royal family, are expected to resume their aquatic excursion to-morrow. RURAL FETE AT OSBORNE HOUSE.—On Saturday afternoon her \lej.sty gave an entertainment in the true old spirit of English hospitality, to all the labour ers and workmen, with their wives and families, on the estate of Osborne. MANCHESTNR ATHENEUM SOIREE.—This event is to be attended by his Grace the Archbishop . of Dublin (Dr. Whately), by the Bishop of Norwich (Dr. Stanley), the Bishop of Oxford (Dr. Wilberforce), and the Right Hon Thomas Lalor Shiel. We are glad to find that a renewed effort is now being made for the formation of a company to make a line of railway from this town along the coast, through Bootle, Crosby. &c., to Southport. Omnibuses almost innumer able travel along a great portion of the line, and we con ceive it would be of immense advantage to the district. A preliminary prospectus has already been i.sued. Joseph Henry, who, as we have stated elsewhere, was convicted, on Thursday, of having attempted to kill the King of the French, on the 29h July last, has been sen tenced to hard labour at the hulks for life. The convict, on hearing the sentence, struck his forehead with every mark of despair, exclaiming, " Why dishonour me—i who have never injured any one!" The New Zealand exhibition is highly interesting and instructive, and should be visited by every one. LIVERPOOL CATTLE MARKET, Aim. 31. We have had a la•ge supply of all kinds of stock at our ma rkct to-day, with a numerous attendance of customers; the whole or nearly so met with a br.sk sale at our last statements LIVERPOOL H-AY AN, AUGUST, 3 S. d. s. d. s. d. 8 . d. Hay, old 211, o 7@o 10 ?Potatoes, 9e (101 b. New c 6 0 81 Kemp Vetches 0 71— 0 0 New 0 0— ° ° Grass Straw, Wheat... o 3t— 0 4f Pink Eyes.... 0 0 ----; Oat o3—o . 4 Cattle Bar'ey 4 6 6 ; ' Carrnt4 D POTATO MARKET. 1, 1846. LI V Eitl'OUL : TUESDAY, SEPT. 1, 1846. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED TUESDAY MORNING BY JOSHUA FLETCHER LACE, of 53. Grove.street, and LEONARD ADDISON, of 14. Great Orford-street. At No. 4, S. 01101010. CSIMICiNT Laysaroot. EVERY