Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-02-26 00:00:00

Combinations among workmen, for increas as, I may here remark, are attended with the same social evils which marked the existence of these guilds. And having alluded to this subject, I will avail myself of the opportunity to say a few words respecting the character and o bj ec t s o f th ese. Against the principle of combinations, there can 1* no possible objection ; for combination is strictly - - - nothing more than union,--,a union, however, yrbich may be adopted-for agood, as well as a bad clad. It .is only, therefore, when we find these combinations adopted in a bad principle, that they then become reprehensible. It is unfortunately astorions, that some trades have carried out these salons in a manner disgraceful to the national ter —not to mention to the, perpetration of Ile most horrid crimes, such as murder. and assassinatio n . (3.) England Ireland and Scotland nave each, at different time; been made the scenes i of these atrocities. A n d 9 n almost every instance iember of the House of Commons, says ,Mr. t well express bis surprise that bread was not air—an omission, however, which was sub supplied, if not by regal, by aristocratic. cu- In the year 1541, it is remarked that Manchester inhabited, and was noted for its ' •" while Birmingham, dmin irizc " cottons, g Leland's tninetit Ibr its cutlery have been three times in prison, )f a workman in Kirkdale Jail t o the Insueetor c‘. each-tine for stealing.- I was drivei each int • to. steal. I have someti mes been two or without' anything to eat. I applied several parish, but they would not do anything. for 'd not yet any ivolik, because I did izot.belong ! The, masters wouht have employed .me, , 11 would not let me.' Everytn4n, when h e ' Ee u nion, has to pay a gutnea, anc . l I had - not statement is this—yet nt with tyranny we know :that eite victims have been millious! But of the atrocious nnat appalling acts by which the system has been conduc- Inkall have a Sufficient recollectiOn—the multitudinous times need not be repeated here. THE NORTHERN TIMES, ,SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1859 -A-POPULAR 'HISTORY WORKING CLASSES. (Addressed to the Workiw Classes themselves.) PART THIRD CHAPTER, FIRST ANCIENT , GUILDS AND MONpPOLIES EXISTING HROUGHOUT THE TUDOR AGE -THE OBSTA THEY FORMED TO INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS -TRADE UNIONS, -- STRIKES JUSTICE OF THESE - CRUELTY AND .-PRINCIPLES RESPECTING THE REGULATION OF WAGES In my last part I adverted to the changes con pent on the introduction of commerce and manufactures, and to the influence of the.reforma lion on the condition of the working classes, throughout the period of what is popularly known as the Tudor Age. I shall begin the present one recurring to that period for the purpose ly some of those municipal laws which were found necessary at the commencement ___tional industry to foster and advance the xlanufacturing arts, but which served afterwards, by their continuance, to act as obstacles to its development, so soon as it had taken root It is a.wel' of noticing of na understood maxim among political rat whatever seeks to encourage monopoly and restrict competition in trade is de structive to the interests of the bulk of the people. Individuals or associated bodies are the only bene eters by such measures as will tolerate these ; the community at large are invariably the sufferers under Monopolies of every kind are unwarranta- economists, t id unjust, when they are extended towards productions that have not the merit of being fight . into existence through the combined ill and industry. It is true we enongh assent to the justice of granting 1 monopoly to the person who executes a piece of mechanical contrivance, or invents something new in machinery, either of which may leave cost the laboured ingenuity of years to construct and discover. Such a protection, in short, is essential as well as favourable to the development of skill and industry ; and. besides, ware not this afforded, the result would be, that few persons would be found willing to devote their time and their mental resources together' towards their prosecution. The case, however, becomes widely different when we come to substitute natural for artificial productions, and to extend the like privilege of monopoly . to these. The same justice which we recognise in the former instance, becomes uumistakeable injustice in the other ; and in whatever way we view the subiect, the same conclusion is inevitable. throughout the whole reigns of the Tudors these hurtful monopolies were allowed, and even remained in operation long afterwards. All, in fact, may be said to have been under monopoly at this period. There was scarcely sn article, whether of the natural S production .f the earth or of the production of man's manufacturing labour, that was not invested operation in individuals who, by virtue of their privileges, were enabled to fix on such articles an arbitran and extortionate pI Aural conse wnce of such unfair priiileges as these was, that ng them only became rich, while the were made the sufferers by requiring to • &come. se mono- a. Nor were tn, nternal trade alone. They were mercantile bodies, who trading with foreign My readers will a, -, nbtless remember t during the reign of Henry tL e Scienth . we de. people th en ma ki ng great c dust the monopoly o f f ore i gners, and 'w. om -h p ic la h in i t n s veign grew to such -a ferment as to duce outrage, and ultimately lead to their exput sion from the country ; but . the inconsistency of this conduct is singularly attested in the fact that the very system of foreign monop6ly so rigorously suppressed, was succeeded by a, more universal and searching monop o ly o f • - con rPnt-.'a also conferred , upon IL dad tile exclus: right c. tound t There were other obotae!r 2s , however, existing at his.period, which helper',very, materially to op pisse industrial - progress , I refer to the inimtni ies- Which were - pante our large manufacturi* ci . to Corporate bdies.' 411 no towns ShoW how - essential frgeflant is to indusir b Ti. inay.Oe stilted, indeea, f the most of tlit :se owe their existence to these when. the industrious orders at to experience the oppression which the 'different 'trade and incorporate ' i 'emoved themselves from those cities in which those were held in full form, down in other places, in 'order to - .eir arbitrary jurisdiction. In this way u'll 4 r dam, Sheffield, and Manchester, rose from ere once obscure hamlets to their present .guished "position of being now the most ent manufacturing towns in the kingdom. (2.) sere is a case quoted by writers on Political xeonomy, called " the Shrewsbury case," which strikingly illustrates the mistaken course •of the Chartered- societies against the freedom of in thistrY. The mechanics connected with the iii3t tery . of drapers' incorporated in that town, it appears, complained that artificers, neither belong ing to their company, nor brought up to their trade, had iiitiomitted with and occupied the said trade; having no knowledge,' skill, or experience of the same, to the great hindrance, they added, of aix 'hundred people of the art of shearmen within the said town. The Legislature listened to this representation, and expelled the rival artizans. Six years Afterwards, however, the act was repealed, with this av owa l, " that it was now InEely to be the greatest cause of the impoverishing and undoing of the poor artificers ; for, that since the passing of the act there were fewer persons to set them to work than before." This is a very ' • 11itstration of the tendency of that sort of - - eh some persons would have tried later. The complaint here noticed precisely that which was made against nery; and there is little doubt that A:repeti tion of the po nmuniti 'se out thstir o islation four centuries y of a former yeriod would pro t t similar results, involving the destruction of dustry and sacrifice of all partie it inny~e said thit the - operatives have invariably been made the sufferers. This might easily be proved by an appeal to numerous facts : I shall content myself by simply refering to a few. In the fourth Parliamentary Report, respecting artizans and machinery, it is, related that one of the partners of an extensive cotton factory, of Glasgow, fettered and annoyed by the constant. interference of his workmen, removed to the state of New York, where he re-established his machinery, and thus afforded to a rival community' at once a pattern of our best machinery and an example of the best mode of using it. The Croppers, again, of the West Riding, of Yorkshire, and the hecklers, or flax dressers, cpuld, if any still survive their disasters, unfold a tale of woe on this very subject. Their earnings at one time exceeded those of most mechanics ; but the frequency of strikes among them, and the irregularities in their hours and times of working, compelled employers to substitute machinery for manual labour. Their trades in consequence were suspended. The manufacturers at first, it is true, saved - little or nothing by the substitution of machinery, but then it formed a more peaceable and unfailing agent. The colliers of Newcastle, and I might add the ship carpenters of Liverpool, have been reduced to greater humiliatidn than heretofore, by discomfi ture of their combinations to raise or unreasonably to uphold wages. In Ireland, too, the means adopted with a view of keeping up the wages of skilled labour above the level of the English mar ket, have been one of the chief causes of its depressed state in that country at the present time. Dublin, which was once so famous for its silk weaving, possesses now little or none of that branch of industry, and the poplin trade is expected to follow, while the combination of ship, carpenters has driven from the city nearly all the the ship building it formerly enjoy-ed. But why go on multiplying such like illustrations. Modern history is replete with examples of like disastrous results. Trade, in fact, at every period, has been destroyed or compelled to shift its locality or mode of operation, from the extravagances of combina tion, monopoly, and petty tyranny. As has been pertinently remarked by an able writer, it cannot thrive under such restrictions and interferences, any more than the Chinese foot, or an infant of the last generation, with its swathing and bandaging, or, than a plant that is being meddled with and removed can obtain its natural growth and development. _ There is a highly important truth connected with this question which the working 'classes would do well to learn and understand, and ,it is this—that they cannot force wages beyond .a certain limit without injury to, themselveS. A slight acquaintance with some of the principles of political economy will:make this easily comprehen sible. If, for instance, wages are raised so high that the gains of the employer, on the sale of his commodities, are reduced below the average profit of capital, it is clear that he will either withdraw his money from so unproductive an occupation, or,. as in the instance of th e Gl asgow manufacturer, remove his business to another place, where it can be carried on under more favourable circumstances. In either case the occupation of workmen is gone, and thus grasping at too much they' lose. all. It is essential likewise to observe here another important maxim in political economy—namely, that . the price of labour, like the prices of coin- . modifies, is determined by . the proportion between the supply and demand : in other words, the same - laws which govern the price of bread, govern the price of labour—if there be demand, the ptices will rise, if there be no demand, no combination can ever raise them. This May be'verrsiniply illus - trated. We all know the .effect which a .plentiful or 'deficient harvest has 'in raising or reducing, the price of bread. If it be rumoured in the. Corn Exchange that the market is scantily supplied with corn, every one knows from experience that there will immediately take place a rise in the nrice of wheat afterwards. And so in like manner s ' h - ild the supply o f any ar ti c l es of foreign im port b t ; interrupted, or less than usual, a "similar i min cii..ate advance takes place in tte price 'of these articles. This is a tact of such common k now l e d ge an d. occurre _;iee, that it need not be enforced : but the great effect on . prices of a trifling excess or deficiency in the supply, perhaps not so apparent. Yet every practical Man, agricultural, commercial, or inanufac turing, is well aware that the excess of the supply of u (1 ommodity brought to market will depress that commodity 1:1 Price, and not only in the ratio of that excess, but in a muchhigher ,ratio ; and that, on the other hand again, the supply being less than the demand, enhances the price 'in a disproportionate manner. . • This results from a very obvious principle— namely, that quality, and every other .incident being alike, there cannot be two prices for the same article. Suppose the supply is abundant, and, that'` some of the sellers have more than their usual quantity to dispose of: finding that their stock on hand rather exceeds the usual amount, they naturally feel impatient to begin selling; 'they therefore try to force the market—that is, they offer their goods 'at something less than the accustomed' prices. Now hete comes . the point... One man cannot sell dearer than his neighbour ; 'if he attempt it, no one ;will deal with him : in self defence he, also, reduces his price : the example rapidly spreads among all the sellers; and thus,. from the circumstance of one or two persons having rather more to sell than usual, the price ;of the whole commodity in the market is reduced. On the other hand, if, in place Of a redundancy, there is a scarcity, the operation is analogous ;' in that case sellers will hold back, and the increased competition will be among; the buyers; each of the latter being apprehensive from the aspect of the market that he will not' be able to lay in his usual stock, will be stimulated to offer a higher price than usual ; and the example . being once given, it will be followed by all in the same predicament. Precisely the same principle governs the market of labour. Suppose in a body of 500 workmen there are 50, equally good with the rest, who cannot find employment; in this instance the rate of wages will not be determined by the 450 employed, but by the 50 unemployed. .As a matter of course, masters will employ those whoin they can hire at the lowest wages : if the 50 unemployed offer to work for 20s, in lieu of 255, they will discharge that number of their ,present" workmen to make room for them. But the surplus of labour continuing undiminished, and the workmen disehai•ged, urged probably by the same necessities as their unemployed predecessors, they . too will be compelled to offer themselves at 20s a week, and thereby supplant 50 more of their employed fellow-workmen. In thiS manner the reduction of wages will extend through the entire trade : the trifling redundancy of 50 workmen, like a trifling excess of commodities in the market, reducing. the wages of the entire body of operatives. (4.) whethe (4) Wade's Political Economy of the Industrious Orders. FUNERAL OF THE MARQUIS OF BHISTOL.—The mortal •remains of this,.much esteemed and venerated noble man were removed yesterday morning from his late residence, Ickworth Park, Bury St. Edmunds, where they were conveyed froniSt.•James's-square, on • Tuesday last, by special train on the Eastern Counties .in accordance with the wish of the deceased peer. The funeral arrangements were of a moat unostentatious character, and were carried out by Messrs. Banting; upholsterers, St. James's-street. As the time for the starting of the fnneral cortege drew nigh, the park was densely crowded with the tenantry. From an early hour in the morning the minute bells of the various churches in the neighbourhood were tolled, and the trading establishments were partially cloSed. The prin cipal monrners Were the immediate relatives and then& of the late venerable peer, with the mayor and town council.. The cortege consisted of a "lid of feathers, p ages , coronet and cushion. The' Coffin' Was of Spanish maho gany, lined with white satin; enclosed in a stout leaden one. The outer coffin was - cOiered with rich crimson • e • a i l e k b , G w e i n t o h a th ve r l e v e e r t o , w with gilt n s a h n e d d l b e , s i t a n n a d il 'L i o d r o t n b e e t a o r N m re s peer r of the dec ea i e d pe • surmounting the plate, 'which bore the following inscription :—" Frederick' William, Mar quiS of Bristol ; born 1769 ; died Feb. 15, 59 18. " The pall, which was of black silk velvet, bore the escutcheon of the late marquis MONETARY AND 'COMMERCIAL. , LIVERPOOL, Friday Evening. A moderate business has been done in the Liver pool Cotton Market to day, the sales reaching 7,000 bales, of which 1,500 were taken for specu lation and export. The market closed very quietly. Of the week's business Messrs Wright, jun., and Co. say: Our last circular advices were dated 18th instant, and forwarded per Europa, at which time our cotton market closed steadily. The opening transactions of the week under review were more circumscribed, and the tone of the market was subdued. The American accounts had the effect of inducing importers to offer their stocks with increased desire to realize, and spinners having previously operated so freely, and. holding a present supply, were not so eager in their purchaos. In prices no material change can be noted. The current qualities are scarcely so saleable at last week's rates, but are not quotably lower. The finer classes are scarce, and sparingly submitted at extreme prices ; the ordinary grades are, however, more difficult to move at a slight concession, and are more likely to be adversely affected than the better classes, from the reports of the quality of recent receipts at the American shipping ports. The political horizon is still crowded with suspense, and opinions on the snbject of peace or war vacillate daily. Hostile preparations continue unabated on all sides, and it is difficult to understand their meaning, if tranquillity is to be preserved. CommAcial transactions are conse quently biased by caution, and .public securities still remain heavy.' Money matters are easy, and the elements for expansion of trade are favourable, when contending governments remove the obstacles. To-day's market offers no change worthy of particular comment. The sales are estimated at 7,000 bales, 1,500 to speculators and exporters, at prices within the range of quotations, and offerings free. The total sales of the week, including what has been forwarded from the ship's side, amount to 42,0.50 bales, of which 32,740 are American. Speculat or s have taken 3,710, and exporters 6,150, leaving 32,190 bales of all kinds to the trade. The import for same time is 52,441 bales, of which 44,865 are American. The quantity known to be at sea from American ports is about 100,000 bales. PRICES TO-DAY : - N. Orleans Fair, 7r... . Middling, 7d Ordinary, 41d to bid Mobile „ 7 d ,, 6d ,, 5d to 61d Atlantic , 7 Total taken for consrmption, 1 ' 859, 360,350 b15....18 ' 58, 360,150 bales. .„ export (actual) „ - 30,575 „ „ 19,625 ;, American Brazil Egypt'n E. India W. India Total Stock this day... 321,340 18,000 21,720 21,030 270 381,910 Same time 1858...99,780 22,460 4,580 76,510 4,210 207,510 Messrs. Edmund Jardine.. and Company, in their circular, say :- • Our market opened with a considerable diminution in the activity of the previous three weeks, and as the news per Africa on Monday was still further in favour of the bUyer; prices gave way, resulting on Tuesday in a full decline of it per lb. from Friday's currency. Since then,. however, it has assumed more tone,.and -holders have' recovered 1-16 d. per 1b.,-on Which basis we give our quotations for middling and the lower grades of American, fair and upwards being scarce and much sought after having maintained their position, except in Boweds which we quote 1-16 d. down Sea Island, Brazil, and Egyptian are without change. The lower qualities of Surat are about id. per lb. down, and the other descriptiOns are also easier.. 3,500 American, and.2lo Surat on speculation. 1,052 American, and 1,807 Surat for export -leaving to the trade 32,190 bales. • Only a small amount of business has been 'done in the Liverpool Share Market, and' prices have been scarcely so firm, closing as follows : Cale donian,. 834, 831 ; East Lancashire 95 ; Lanca shire and Yorkshire, 951, 951 ; Lancaster and Preston 'new quarter shares, S p London and North Western, 95, 944, 95 ; Midla n d, 101 ; S out h Eastern, 21 15-16, 22 ; Dutch Rhenish, -4 13-16 d Grand Trunk of Canada, 7t- ; Great Western of Canada, 15 13-16. • . The Corn Trade throughout the county con tinues dull, and no important change in prices can . be reported. At Wakefield to-day.ther e w a s on l y a•• small business done, but holders showed an in disposition to accept lower prices. In Liver pool the attendance at * the Exchange was not large, but there . was a moderate demand for wheat at Tuesday's quotations.; The flour trade was very inactive, but there was no . change in prices. ' The Manchester Goods mark e t showed. no change to-day, ( 7 1 riltinefital buyers continue to operate with great "caution, limiting their purchases to . immediate and pressing wants. Producers con- Ainue fully 'employed, and prices are well sustained. • The London Stock Market opened with much the same feeling as yesterday, but prices became weaker, and . subsequently rallied again, closing much the same as, yesterday. •• Consols, at, noon, were quoted .95Z-, 951, .and closed at 951, to 951. The.ciosifigi prices_ -for. other securities were : 3 per Cents, 951, 96 ;.. Bank Stock, .229, 231 ;,Exchequer Bills (large and small), 34, 38 pm. The. Lon don Market for Railway Shares influenced' by the Stock market, was tolerably steady ; but the amount of .business done was not large. - 'Towards the, close, quotations had a tendency to im prove. . The final closing . prices were as follows :-Ambergates; 6y, 62 ; Caledonians,. 831, 84 ; Ditto pref., 103, 105 ; Eastern, Counties, 60, 61; . East Lancashire, 94, 96; Edinburgh and Glasgow, ' 70*, 71 • Great Northern, 104, 1041 ; Do. A., 87, 89 ; Do. 8., 137, 138 ; Great Westerns, '56, 561 ; Lanca shire and Yorkshire,- 95, 951; Brighton, 108*, 1091; London and North Western, 95, 952 ; London and South Western, 911, 92+ ; Man chester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 37, 371;" ,Midland . Stock, 101, , . 1011 Notth British,' 58, 58t i ,; . Do., pref., __ll2, 114; -North Eastern-- •!Berwicks, 921, 93 ; :Do., Leeds, 47*, 48 • Do. Yorks, - 771, ; :North Staffords, 5, .41 ; South.. Eastern, 73,. 731 ; Turkish, 90, '94; New, 10 2,1, 103:; Great Western of Canada, 15 15-16, 16 146; New, 4 9-16, 4 7-16 ; Grand Trunk of _Canada, 7 7-16, 7 9-16. ~ • , At the ordinary general meeting , of the proprie tors of -the• directors. of the' Chartered Bank of India, Australia, and China, held yesterday, at the London Tavern, T: A. Mitchell, Esq., in the chair, the followinc , report was carried with 'acclamation. It was considered very favourable, and recom mended a dividend at the rate of five per cent. per • annum. . . There was a 'fair demand for money yesterday in commercial channels, but the rates remain low, first class bills being taken at 2to 2-1 per cent. At the Bank scarcely any business was done. The news of ford Cowley's mission has had an instantaneous and important effect upon the con tinental stock markets. The Austrian funds, the fall in which had been most serious during the two or three, days previous, experienced a rebound of ai3Gut 12 per cent. ,on Wednesday at Vienna, Frankfort, and Amsterdam. Further considerable purchases of silver having been effected yesterday for the outgoing Bombay steamer, it is thought that the aggregate will approach £300,000. About £50,000 in silver, destined for the East, reached the Thames, on Wednesday," from the Continent. In the Bankruptcy- Court yesterday, the meeting for consideration of the certificate of Messrs. Oak and Snow, bankers ; of Blandford Forum, was ad : bourned until the 6th of May, as meetings have een called with a view, to effect a compromise with the creditors, and to supersede the -bank ruptcy._ - The dividend on the stock of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway Company is officially announced at the rate of 31 per cent. per annum, heing the same rate as that declared for the corresponding six months of 1857. The Midland _Railway traffic return shows this week an increase. of 2,747/. ; the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, an increase. of 734/. ; the North Eastern,, an increase of 1,1231. (com pared .with the "actual" receiptS for the corres ponding week of last, year) ; the Lancashire and. Yorkshire, an increase of 2,847/. • the East. Lanca shire, 'an increase o f 944/. ; and the Eastern Coun ties, an. increase of 1,0851. The shares of the Atlantic Telegraph Company have improved to 2201 to 250/ upon the an nouncement of the conclusion of the company's neg9tiations with government. The Emigration Commissioners have engaged the ship Vater. Smidt to convey pasSengers from Birkenhead to Adelaide. A circular issued by Messrs. W. and A. Gilbey calls attention to the fact indicated by the B oar d of Trade returns, that whilst the consumption of "wines of every other country, ( shows, a falling off, the use of wines from the Cape of Oood'Hope has largely increased, and they now stand third on the list in quahtity. . The Assyrian has arrived from Shanghae with 621,100 lbs. of tea, and 1,207 bales of silk. The position of the market for American securities is thus noticed by Messrs. D. Bell, Son, and Co : Although the actual transactions in American securi ties during the past week have not been large, there has been a fair demand for the several State stocks, and rather more inquiry for railroad bonds of the first class. The market continues very firm, and prices steady. A return published yesterday, entitled " Bul lion," shows in a tabulated form the amount of gold purchased and sold in the form of bullion by the Bank of England in the ,year 1858, specifies whether it was bar gold or foreign coin, and also shows the excess of payments to, and receipts from, the public of British gold coined within the samt period. No silver bullion appears either to have been bought or sold in 1858. The total value of the gold bullion bought was 10,823,9861., of which 8,894,8751. was in bar gold, and the re mainder in foreign coin. The value of bullion sold was 2,712,1961., of which 2,509,954/. was in bar gold, and 202,2421. in foreign coin. The ex cess of British gold payments to the public was 2,985,9621., and the excess of receipts from it 2,415,664/. ; 880,5001. was received from the Mint during the same period. BANK OF ENGLAND RETURNS. Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth Vic., cap. 23, for the week ending Wednesday, Feb. 23, 1859 : ISSUE DEPARTMENT DEBIT. Notes issued 33,565,315 Government Debt 11,015,100 Other Securities Gold Coin and ot her 19,0 , 0,315 I Bullion £33,565,315 BANKING DEPARTMENT. £33,565,315 DEBIT. £ CREDIT. £ Proprietor's Capital. 14,553,000 Government Secu -10,696,147 Rest Public Deposits Other Deposits Seve ßil n-day & other I 749,788 I 1 Gold and Silver Coin ls 16,256,758 13,226,830 862,233 $41,041,968 Total £41,041,968 Compared with the returns of the previous week, the above shows the following results : Active Circulation Bullion Rest I Seven-day dr other 20,338,485-] 19,952,648- 3,302,224-: Decrease -Increase 150,860 205,494 DecreasE 749,788 •Deciea.4, Bills Public Deposits Other Deposits Government Secu- C Same as last week cities Other Securities l6,2s6,7sB—Decrease Notes unemployed 13 3 226 8 i!)—lncrease Cash to liabilities per Mil Rate of Interest, 2i per cent, 199;519 18,244 65,708 178;845 '—lncrease Amsterdam Ditto FOREIGN EXCHAN Short ll ..Three Months.. 11 15i to 11 17 ... 11 174- ... 11 Rotterdam Antwerp Brussels , Hamburgh Paris • Three Months, Marseilles Frankfort Vienna Trieste Petersburg Madrid The revival in the Conk)ls Market, consequent upon the announcement of the mission of Lord Cowley 'to Vienna, was fully ttpheld this morning at 'the commence ment of business, but at the end Of the day there was a tendertoy to reaction. There is a general disposition to, infer that - Lord Cowley would riot have been despatched to suggest terms to Austria, unless upon a previous understanding that those terms are likely, to be admitted as accepteny FraUce ; kit some persons apprehended the movement to be'of a less definite and more officious, character. The ' abundance of money increases; and although the Bank do not usually make foans on bills having more than three . months to run, until a rather more advanced period of the quarter, it is believed they would now receive bills of from three to six months. This was settling day in Austrian scrip, and the final price was 1 discount.—Times City Article : Thursday 2 - Evening. - • The Stock Markets remain sensitive. The • English Ftinds were dhll, and left off at nearly per cent. lower than yesterday. The total absence of response to the buoyancy of the French Rentes is to ,be found in the Moral conviction that the immense 411 d 0041 Y ',lrma meats which have inspired much alarm tarou t , Europe, have ,not been lightly arrayed, and that the diplomatic efforts at pacification are begirt trial difficul ties on every side. , " The news of Lord Cowley's mission ,11 4$ had an instantaneous effect upon the Continental Stock Markets. The Austrian Funds experienced a rebound of about 11 per cent. yesterday, at Vienna, Fraukfort, and. Amsterdam.—Daily News City Article, Thursday Evening. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS.—The Midland shows this week an increase of £2,747; the Manchester, Shef field, and Lincolnshire, an increase of £734; the Lanca shire and Yorkshire an increase of £2,847; and the East Lancashire an increase of £944. A dividend of 5i per cent.' has been declared by the Victoria and London Dock Company. YESTERDAY'S MARKETS LIVERPOOL PRODUCE.—Colonial, &c. Our Sugar market remains steady ; the business comprising -70 hogsheads Demerara at 39s 6d ; 215 bags Benares at 46s ; 330 bags grainy Bengal at 48s 3d ; and 5,200 bags Peruams at 24. s 9d per cwt, in bond. We have no sales to notice in Molasses, Ruin,. or Coffee. The transactions in East India Rice are confined to 1,400 bags damaged Necrausie at 6s for first class ; 300 casks fair to good new Carolina have realised 22s to 23s per cwt. In Dyewoods, we have only to notice 50 tons split cut Limawood at £l2 to £l3; and 15 tons Barwood at £3 10s per ton. Of Ashes, 10 barrels Pearls at previons prices. No business to notice in Nitrate of Soda or Saltpetre. The sales of Brimstone for the week are about 160 tons, at £8 to £8 5s per ton, for best•seconds ; 100 bags Palermo Sumac reported at lis to 12s 6d ; 10 tons Queroitron Bark at 7s 6d ; 50 bales sea damaged Gambier. at 14s 9d ; 200 bags Saga _Flour at 14s to 14s 6d ; 100 boxes large Pearl Sago at 17s; and 5 barrels Bahia Tapioca at 40s per cwt. Oils : Palm at £44, and not much doing ; nothing to notice in Olive ; 3 tuns tinged Seal Oil .at £35 per tun ; and 2'tuns Gingelly at 35s per cwt. Of Rosin; GO barrels common at 4s 10d to ss; and small sales of Spirits of Turpentine at 41s per cwt. Seeds : 220 bags. ordinary Calcutta Linseed at 50s; 100 bags Bombay at 52s 9d per quarter; 50 . bags Nigerseed at 38s ; and 250 bags American Red Cloverseed at ' 61s to 61s 6d per cwt. LIVERPOOL COTTON.—The continued heavy receipts at the American shipping ports, and the uncertainty engen dered by the present complicated state of continental politics, exercise a very prejudicial influence upon our cotton market. A good inquiry has been .daily, experi enced from the trade and exporters;'resulting in fully an average weekly business; but holders, although ,study in their demands, 'offer their stocks so freely, that the mar ket, throughout has leen void of animation; and the extreme rates of last 'week are no longer obtainable. Brazil and Egytian in moderate request, at late rites. Surat in better s u pply, an d rather easier. The weekly sales are 42,050 bales, of which 3,710 are on speculation, and 6,160 for export. THIS W EEK PricesPaid.l Cur. Prices. Import. i Sales DT:SCRIP- TION. I This Week.l Mid.' Fair. d. d. d. d. RI 890 . i.oxv ., I 650 Sea Island 19A to 19 123 to 13 ' i 8,57 Q Upland ..,.1 li 0 11-16 7 O 34 76 , 5,790 Mobile l5l 7 5.4161 74 f ---- ' 17,73 G New Orleans 4 8/ 7 7 I . 2,400 1,900 Bra z il 3,372 1,630 E.Tptian 74 104 7/ 8 22,470 • 9* 50 IN est India . 6 0 7 74 1,250 1,804 5,730 East I n di a I 6L, • 54 5/ 23,990 52,441 42,050 Total ... 367,050 LIVERPOOL CORN.—This morning's market brought an average attendance of buyers. The trade was altogether as listless as it has been for some time past, yet we cannot quote. any actual change worth notice in the value of any one article. American oaty red wheat, 'ss 5d to Gs ; French red, 6s 2d to Gs 4d, white, 6s 9d to 7s ; Danzig, 7s 10d to 8s 2d per 701bs yellow and mixed maize, 29s to 31s, and white 33s to 35s 6d per 4801bs. Irish old oats, 3s 4d to 3s Bd. Scotch and foreign, 4s to 4s 4d per 451bs. Barrel flour ranges from 20s to 25s per 1961b5. Sack flour from 29s to 38s per 2801bs. Oatmeal, 24s 6d to 26s per 2401b5. Irish red wheat, 5s 3d to Gs, white 6s 4d to 6s 8d per 701bs. Oats, 2s 9d to 3s 4d per 451bs. ' FOWLER & FREAN. LIVERPOOL HIDES.—Sales this week : 1,088 salted Buenos Ayres horso hides, average 321bs, at 11s 3d each. 2,828 do. Monte Video do., 3221bs at 11s. 224 East India kips, Bengals, 2nd heavy, average 101bs at 5d per lb. 124 bales and 120 bags South American horse-hair, grey cut tails, fair lengths, at 2s 101 d to 3s 31-d; fair mediums at is 71d ; short at is 2d to is 4 1 2 d ; mixed lengths at is 81d. Grey stump tails, fair lengths at is 11d to 2s ; mediums at , Is to Is 2id; mixed lengths at as 4id:to is 7.1 d., )•Black Alit tails, fair to good at 2s 20 to 2s 71d; good mediums at is 6ld to is 91d ; ordinary do at is 4'd to is Sid; ordinary to, fair, 3rds, at is lid to is 4d; loose tails, mixed lengths, at Is bbd. Black stump tails, fair to good 'at is 54-d to is lid; ordinary do. is 4-1 d; fair mediums at 12d to .13/,d; ordinary do. at 10id to 111 d; ordinary to fair, 3rds at 51d to 70•,• matted at is ld to is 2,d; fair mixed at 100 to 11,1 d ; slight and slight to 'fair at 9d to 10d; short at 71-d; common short at 6d to 70, ; matted manes and tails at Bid to 7 s -d; damaged at bad to 64d.. Good Cordova it 121 d; fair at 10 1 . a. to Hid; ordinary at 9d to 90; common at 82d. Long drawn grey at 2s 6d; black at 2s. Cow, off skin, clean long at 117-,d to 12,d; short at 10-id ;on skin, clean, at lo_p to lid ; short, &c. at 8d to 9.1 d ; on and off skin at 9d per lb. 37 bales North American pig hair, common, at 25s to 26s 6d per cwt. 10 tons Camatina valonia at £l7 10s per ton. 10 tons Savanilla divi at £9 5s per ton. 300 tons cattle bones, grinding at £5 2s 6d t o £5 12 s 6d per ton. 5 pipes South American tallow,at 54s per cwt. 21 casks Australian tallow at 50s 6d. MANCHESTER TRADE REPORT.—The market keeps very firm but continental buyers only operate sparingly on account of the critical aspect of affairs between France and Austria. Producers continue "Very fully engaged. LONDON PRODUCE. - Sugar : 'We have again had a dull and inactive market during the week, and speculators still remain absent, yet there has been a disposition shown by the importers to hold with firmness, and the prices of all good current qualities have been supported, with but a small amount of business done. Refined without alteration. Lumps 52s 6d to 545. Coffee: This article has been sold at the full prices of last week, but the public sales have not been large. Tea : The principal feature of'the week has been the public sales, which went off briskly at full prices. Common congou has since sold in the private contract market at Cotton : A very limited business was done this week at previous rates. Rice : The market has been dull, and prices with difficulty supported. Rum has been dull ; Demerara proof sold at 2s 2d. Saltpetre has been steady, but not active, yet prices have been fully supp or t e d. Spices sold steadily. Cochineal has been bought to a fair extent at a slight advance. Jute sold at rather lower prices. In other articles no material alteration. LONDON CORN.—The weather very fine. • Arrivals of English and foreign grain unusually small. Little busi ness was done at nominally Monday's. prices. Flour unaltered in value. BOROUGH HOP —The shew of new hops continue very moderate, and all kinds move off steadily at full prices. In- yearling and old hops very little is doing, at late rates. LIVERPOOL Puovisiox.—ln the absence of arrivals of beef the dealers complain of want of assortment l and buy sparingly, preferring- to wait •the landing of the parcels now at sea ; : 'prices are rather in favour of sellers, and, in some instances, an advance of 2s 6d per tierce has been made. Pork is quieter, and, Irish being offered more freely, American attracts less attention. BaCon is firm, with an upward tendency, but present rates of American are relatively too high when compared with English and Irish, and can. only be maintained under short- supplies. In lard the transactions are on a very retail scale, holders, however, remain firm at the late advance. Cheese is dearer for all qualities, and the demand increases. Tallow is quiet, at about last week's prices. Linseed cake is a slow sale, and prices are a shade easier. LONDON TALLOW.—The market is steady. Annexed are the quotations :—Town tallow, 51s 9d, nett cash ; Peterburgh Y.C. on the spot, 62s 6d ; Feb uary and March, 52s 6d; April only, 52s 3d; April to June, 52s 6d ; October to December, 52s 3d to 52s 6d. LONDON WooL.—Attendance of buyers at these sales has been moderate, mostly from' the manufacturing districts; the biddings have ruled somewhat inactive. Mr. W. P. Hughes was the selling broker, and he dis posed of abofit 2;500 lbs. LONDON MINES.—East Wheal Russell shares are very steady to-day at the late advance. The present quotation is 20 to 204. 'West Par Consols shares have .. advanced to 23s to 255. ' Tincroft are officially marked in the Stock Exchange .3 4 , ex div. Shares in Alfred Consols, Wheal Margaret, Providence Mines, and Clijah and Wentworth are in demand. • Forein and colonial' mining shares are, inactive. At a meeting of adventurers' in Treweatha mine, held yesterday, a call of 3s per share was made. At a meeting of adventurers , in. Wheal Margaret, in Cornwall, a, dividend of £7 per share was deelared. At ,a meetinc , of adventurers - in Providence Mines, held on Wednesday, in Cornwall, a dividend of £5 lOs per share was declared. At a meeting of adventurers in North Wheal Basset, held on 'Wednesday, the accounts showed a balance in favour of the mine of £583 lOs 9d. At a meeting of adventurers in West Crinnis and Regent United Mines, held on Wednesday, the accounts showed a balance against the adventurers of £193. A call of lOs per share was made. At a meeting of adventurers in Wheal Agar, held yesterday the accounts showed a balance against the mine of 460 18s ld. A call of Is 6d. per - share was made. LONDON MONEY, --- Consols continue very inactive, at 3 1 1 a • closliig prieos of yesterday, 94 i ,-, 95 5 , 94- 4 -, to 95 7 ,, fluctuating between buyers and sellers at -95 5-16. " Shares weak, amain slightly declined; Canadians unchanged auu and neglecte s- d. Franc', WAKEFIELD CORK.-- 7 Pair arrivals. The wheat,truu.. is dull, but factors not generally disposed to take lower prices. Barley and Beals . each is per quarter lower. In other articles no change. ' %LFAIST ConN.—Supplies of home produce fair, no change to notied in value of any article. In Corn the business was dull, but prices not lower. BELFAST Poßic..—Number of pigs, 1841. Prices, 455. to 51s 6d. DUBLIN CORN.—Home wheat decidedly firm at last day's rates, with fair demand. Barley not so good, some samples remain unsold. Oats, little alteration; inquiry brisk. Foreign wheat slack, although a good many millers present. Indian corn, larger sales made than for many weeks, 31s paid for a prime parcel. CORK CORN.—White wheat, 20s to 21s 9d ; red ditto, 19s to 21s 6d ; barley, 14s to 14s 6cl; oats, 12s to 13s 6d. CORK BUTTER.-IStS, 126 s ; seconds, 126 s ; 3rds, 103 s ; 4ths, 79s ; sths, 60s per cwt. 300 in market. GLASGOW CORN.—Trade dull and inactive. The busi ness done wds at. Wednesday's prices. , GLASGOW COTTON.--The market has been very quiet this week, owing to the American steamer bringing aceontits - dtheavy returns and shipments to this country. Spinners buy only for their immediate 'use. Prices are 1-16 to t lower since last Friday, more especially in the lower grades of American. Good American scarce. GLASGOW PIG litox.—The market has been steady to day, perhaps a shade weaker Ms 3d cash paid ;, closing buyers,'.sls ; sellers, 51s 3d, cash ; Nos.' 1 and 3, GM B, 50s 6d. THE LIVERPOOL AND LONDON INSURANCE COMPANY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN TIAIES Sir,—There are some remarks in the Courier of this day, respecting the above company, with which I cordially agree., If I rightly read the Act of Settlement of the company, the directors have no power to make the proposed change, viz., " the conversion of the shares into stock. - Clause 20th declares, " That it shall be competent for any meeting to decrease the capital of the company, provided that no act or deed be done or passed to release any of the proprietors from their respective liabilities, to pay the full sum payable, in respect of every share in the capital of the company." To attempt such a thing, amounts to a breach of faith with those who have already insured. It is a formidable thing to attack a phalanx of directors at a general meeting, especially when you have not had in hand their annual report, previous to the meeting, or there are severul questions which I should have liked to put to the chairman. It is to be hoped that we may have some informa tion given on these matters, at the special•meeting now convened. The m-ymrietors have had no information - .r • respecting the cost of the building in Liverpool, nor of a similar one at Melbourne, nor have they beef; in formed that such a building exists in Melbourne, nor whether these invesments have proved remune rative ; .neither have they been, informed where the large capital of the company, now said to be £1,156,000, is invested. Such . a sum, properly managed, should of itself bring in a good dividend. It would. hale been well, too, had we been informed why the Valparaiso loss (intelligence .of which was not received until January Ist), was not included in last. year's ~account. Is not. this contrary to precedent? Clause- 13th of the supplementary deed sug gests a question respecting this, which it would be well for the secretary to answer. The directors and shareholders can have .but :One object in i common, viz:, the permanent pros , perity of the company.; :We have gone on well hitherto, why propose 'a change which throws the apple of discord. among us 9- 7 -I am sir,-yours, &e., A SHIREBROIiER. Feb. 23, 1855. P,s. There are some questions respecting the new companies, lately brought up also, which required explanation . . V It is said that their cost has been included in last year's accounts, but not the sums received. SHIPPING INTELLidgIO HIGH WATER. Morn. • Even. Height' —.. 4 36 5 8 11 8 THIS DAY WIND At LIVERPOOL,—W.N.W.—Moderate breeze to HOLYIIXAD,—W.N.W. Ditto. ARRIVED Ann Nantes Eugene Albina Rouen Clio .. Belle and Mary Lucou Kangaroo (ss) Chieftain • Iquique Janet Cceurs Cornelius ..Nantes Monkey .. . • Crallovidian. ..... Mazagan Thetis Hector Nantes Versuch ....... • licfpc Ilellechina Seville Liberty ..... La Belle Maria Maians Annie Hern. •Pu r " Lark Villa Vicioza ValP°' §i. Mi c " e Nevr if(). • ..I)o.?f_ria SAILED. Cassiopea H Boardman Christian Svendsen. . Santos Martha .. Earl of Harewood . . Ceara Sarah Ann .. Kathadin Charleston MARATIME EXTRACTS. 2 The schooner - Ann Martin, fro L IK E irtis has put back to the former port, with pumps cho ked ' must discharge. The Pollock, Little, sailed from Alexandria for port 18th September, was spoke n 2 n d Novemb er, iltpoohL, to Friebi:.(i: Malaga, and has not since been heard of. t ipbri The Lady Falkland, which sailed hence 3rd 'l.- for Rio Janeiro, has put into Milford, leaky. t bat!' The John O'Gaunt, hence t o C a l cu tt a , has P. having been in collision. rsr ° ANTWERP, Feb. 23 : The Victor and Louise, from Terranova for St. Tropez, was wrecked of Liscia on the 4th February; crew saved. Scalia, for Genoa (general cargo), which put ba e 7,o 9) 20, had been in collisio n witeanother vessel pre /l y o fo going on - shore. She w as go t o ff b y th e ass istanc e „tet, steam-tug, was found to be ma ki ng a grea t deal of 11; 0 1 and suffered damage, and has, therefore, beef s tirl and ordered to, discharge all the cargo. .05 0 ' TEXEL, Feb. 21 : Arrived: The Gezusters, • from Ne w York, with sea damage. fwee d CUXIIAVEN, Feb. 21 : The • Himalaya (-' 4° ' e ver ship), Guudersen, from Trapani, pnt in yesterdai ing, very leaRE, F ky. n or ELSINOeb. 19 : A Swedish sloop, from T. t w eed burg (general • cargo), was s t ran d e d last night u e the Helsinghorg and Ra. Feb. 21 : The ships f r f„o o North Sea, as well as th e arrivals from the Bal t " proceeded. 10' LEGHORN, Feb. 15 : Put back : The Thetis , f f o r kinson, for Boston (U.S.), l ea ky, an d w ith loss ° lo og topmast and foreyard, having encountere d weather off Corsica on the 7th. CARTITAGENA, Feb. 17 : Put in, 15 : The yoD barque Mignonne, Raunie, from Marseilles for of bi Video, with the loss of most of her sails, and Pa rt r o od', cargo, consisting of wine, glass, &c., thrown ove r , l3 :lie CONSTANTINOPLE, Feb. 23 : A telegram from u tc 4ll l Of the.2lst, states that the D n iep er ( ss ), has Par pieces ; steamers were ready to save the people. (0 CF.ARA., Jan 21: Put b ac k, 16—th e Change ' for Monte Video one of her boilers having Pce and wou await orders from Monte Video. Dtleb.o LAunvi ld a, Feb. 8 The Emile, Berg, from In for Christiana, was strand e d upon Malmo e 03 5" and was full of water. . 1 ,10 °KRISTIANSAND, Feb 6 : The Albe r dina, 133 ' n d from Emden for Hall ( w h ea t, b ar l ey , beans, 3 "4 1 0 1 cakes),--has put into Fahrsund leaky, an d must ut c0 1). 41 . , MANDAL, February 9- . —Put in, the Minerva, ' 1 " il tr" from Svendborg for Lond o n, o n accoun t of c ° winds: ru." ARENDAL, February 12.—The yacht Anno Th in , Svendborg, from Aarhuus for Bergen (rye), has.P,:cad Lillesand with sea damage, very leaky, and No t ' shifted ;, she must discharge. - ere 01 , e ' FREDRIKSHAVN, February 17.—The ship e p Voigt, for Memel (salt), -which put in here D' t , tb 11th, with- damage, th roug h going on shore ° o r' Skagen, having been 'repaired, proceeded Yes ter her voyage.. OUTPORTS. IC . ‘ GRAVESEND, Feb. 25: Arri v ed, C o ncordia, fr c ip o uP terdani; Steadfast, St Kitts ; H o pp, Wu r eembe; .". °pi Aalbourg. 'Sailed, the Devonshire, for Constan ti n Gibraltar (ss); for Mauritius. L on DEAL, Feb 25 Anchored and Passed, John; n jo London to Ku rrac h ee ; Gib ra lt ar (ss), Cadiz to L)..,1 0 11 H.M.S. Rhadainanthm, westward to Woolwich; ,-r ) ,.. 0 0 , Gottenburgto Cape of Good-Hone ; Mudomuller , tie to Rio Janeiro ; Eugene,"Nantes to Leith ; de Swansea ; Minna, and Reaper, to C a diz ; P r 'is London to New York; — Kate Orkenovich, L 0 Cardiff; Hot s p ur , L on do n t o P or t Phillip ; Alice, 0( 0 laud to Jamaica ; Royal George, north to wield' George Kidd, Adelaide to London ; Emile, su Mtirseille.s. fG BnirAsT, Feb. 25: Arrived, the Stanley, P l9 r e.ill pay-, in tow of the Glow-worm. Sailed, t he AP ae) in tow of the Welid.7 • ,f a io rower. Pais ' S : Arrived, .u.. , • • r * • Romulus, from Pernambuco ; the Zwan, for Liverpool ; 11.$ Valenti a. —too' Grand°, DUBLIN, Feb. 25 : Arrived : Star, from CVO' Emma Jane, Newport; Lida, Nantes JO' KINGSTOWN, Feb. 25 : Arrived: * Eblana, Sailed : Emile, Nantes., GREENOCK, Feb. 25 : Arrived : Wi g d a ll, from l b j $1 :1 Lady de Crespregly, Licat a . S a il e d : City of D e Calcutta. P! WATERFORD, Feb. 25: Arrived, the Ilii" - 411A o f Galatz ; Emerald Cardiff ; Elizabeth 110 10, citf Prince 'Leopold, an d G eorge IV, all Cardiff A ° 3 Pari4 (s), Milford ; Elizabeth, Llanelly ; I v 3 iieri° Elizabeth, Swansea •, Europa (s), Belfast ; Mary, New - Castle ; lialakoff, Milford. • . VESSELS' REPORTS. OfJl 4L Report of tho ship Friar Tuck, Richardson, pool, from Whampoa (via Macao). Sailed froinvec, Nov. 16, passed through the Straits o f . Sunda tePl e rounded the Cape of Good H o p e J an . 4, strong, wes winds ; crossed the E qua t or J an. 25, arriveuth lig Downs Feb.. 22 i...seven days in the Channel 111 SE airs .and calms ;'- 98 days' *sage spoke rlsr The John Bull (ship), - frorn Moulmein for Cork, J' an. 1, in lat. 34 37 S ; lon. 26 1 E. o mPt The Looshtauk (ship), from Moulmein for Fal ra- 6 days, Jan. 1, in lat. 34 37 S, lon. 26 1 E. Bad The Robert Dickson (Swedish barque), froni 49 lo for Rotterdam, 53 days, Jan. 9, in lat. 27 7 14 E. frop Report of the Hercules (barque), Mugford, quimbo 85 days, at Swansea : Spoke —The Solid (Swedish ship), bound south, in lat 1 N, lon 23W 24, in lat 2 Feitch (Fiamburgh barque), Jan 23 W.. ' Santiago (French b arque ) , f rom M aur i t i us for oell°ll days, Feb. 10, in lat 34 N, ion 37 10 W. Lydia (ship), fro m Liverpool for Antigua, Feb. -- •/ 49 5 N, lon 10 40 W. 0 0% Report of, the Harrier, Simpson, from Pernanosc l* Spoke—The Zilla (ship), from Glasgow for ti, e in Feb. 17, lat. 47 50 N, ion. 11 W. 1 9 / Margaretta, Danish b r i g , f or V a l para i so , Feb. ;), .1 Start bearing ENE, distant 92 miles. Fe b ' ' Jason (barque), from Liverpool for Antwerp, off the Isle of Wight. • FOREIGN PORT Premier, hence at Malaga Feb. 2. Jane Pringle, from Shields at Malaga. b 3 ' Claudine, sailed from - Palermo for Liverpoo l - l e o 'fe Milan (ss), hence at Naples, and left for Palerra 19 • Homily, 17.. omily, sailed f rom N ap l es f or Li verpoo l Fe,- b ' veo' Euphrates (ss), he nce a t T r i este, and sa il e d o r Feb. 19. Legatus, from Cardiff at Civita Vecchia. Lindisfarne, from Pernambuco at Ceara Jan. 1 Feb• Myrtle; and Dodo (ss)—both hence at Helvoet Athenian , (ss), hence at Madeira Feb. 3. linperador (ss), hence at Madeira Feb. 4 ; ratriz Feb. 9—both for Suez with electric cable Rowena, and Sisters—both at Madeira. as di'le , . BANKRUPTS. Sorrel' John Goodson Tarney, grocer, Walvrorth-roa d, William Ireland, victualler, Plaistow, Essex. Benjamin Lovell, leather seller, Northampton . , sll oe r l ' John Andrews Monday, coalmerchant,_PYlbq r°4 " Grs c Joseph Ilardwick and Henry JOnes, mercha nts' 41;j, clkireh-street, Chambers: William George HOrncastle, auctioneer, Pop I Sagar Holden Splatt, sailmaker, Liverpool. Henry Spence, currier, Birmingham. Thomas Adams," viCtualler, Harbourne, Staffordsttiihre'lgot' John Hill, jun., lace manufactnrer near Len tinglaamshire. , David GieenwaY,- draper, Taunton. Joseph Taylor, geheral dealer, Bradford. Jelin: Newton, horse dealer, Malton, Yorkshi re ' 01 0°111 George Locking, hotel keeper, Cl ee thorpest -shire. Georgo Oswald, corn merchant, Durham. 0 , Michael Watson,. innkeeper, Hartlepool, tle-01241° Thomas William Custance, victualler, Newcastle- Philip Philip Crellin, sail maker, Liverpool. • bhp. Walkerlivictualler, Stockport, ;4 1, 0, r3 t 4 ,q13, ,4 4 , 1 hh _ - •'?: !IL - r,~~ h ~e BEM, ,°; ~'~rn 'it 17 8 14 . 4 1 1 , th.th.• 44°' PqJt Jogo, t;t , l 'A - Pi A LA:11 rl ti %T KAN WIT} WIT) KAN XA N kr) 211 'n)4 4 ~.