Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-02-24 00:00:00

SECOND EDITION. NORTHERN Tritßs OFFICE, THURSDAY, 9 A.M POLITICAL CRISIS.-LORD COWLEY'S MISSION. The sy mp t oms are i ncreasing of the intensity of the cr isis, throughout which the affairs of Europe are Passing. The Times does not doubt that Lord Cowley is sent to Vienna solemnly to inform the Emperor that we have 'exhausted every expedient in our power to induce the Emperor of the French to lay aside the wild schemes of aggression and conquest in Northern Italy, for which he has brooded till he appears no longer able to defer their 'execution. Lord Cowley will no doubt point out to Austria that she has nothing further to hope from any elange of purpose on the part of the Emperor of the French . 'xis pamphlet and his speech may, it is to be feared, be considered as his ultimatum ; and he is now awaiting, surrounded with warlike preparations, the answer of the Power to which he has so pointedly appealed. The Times does not doubt the commission of Lord Cowley is to endeavour to make that answer as favourable as pos sible; so as to leave France as much without excuse before the tribunal of conscience as before that of inter national law, for any military aggression, she may commit. The Morning Star says the impression gained ground in the city, on Wednesday, that means have been f oun d to extricate the French Emperor from the embarrassment of a perilous situation. COMMERCIAL. The Stock Markets to-day were excited, increased sensitiveness being shewn to pacific rumours. On the a nnouncement of Lord Cowley's mission to Vienna. Con sols at once sprung 1 r cent., and an immediate advance took place in nearl y every other department of the Stock Exchange. The English Funds left off 1 per cent, better than yesterday. The improvement in the Share Markets was likewise well supported. Many of the moneyed establishments are compelled to refuse to take in fresh loans at present. The Discount Department of the Bank was idle. There were no gold operations at the Bank to-day. At Paris, to-day, the French Three Per Cents. show a rise of to 7,- per cent. The fall in 'the Austrian Funds on the4Continent is excessive. At Vienna, yesterday, the reduction represented 11 per cent., at Frankfort still more, and at Amsterdam 1 per cen t._ -.Daily News City Article, Wednesday Evening. The improved tone of yesterday afternoon was main tained at the opening. The announcement of Lord 'Cowley being about to visit Vienna, to offer, it is Presumed with the implied approval of the French Court, the good offices of the English Government on the Italian question ; another advance of a quarter per cent. on the least prospect of adjustment. The rise mould, of course, be very rapid with the present scarcity of stock and abundance of money, but for the fact that the French army and navy, if disappointed of employment in one quarter, may be expected to look for it in another. Any settlement that is not accompanied by some positive undertaking for a reduction of armaments, would therefore be viewed as a very uncertain good.— 'Times City Article, Wednesday Evening. RUSSIAN LOAN.—The Commercial Gazette of Berlin states that it has good authority for believing that the Russian Government are negotiating a loan of £5 000 000 with Messrs. Rothschild. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS.—The Great Northern, this week, shows an increase of £1,060. The Great Western, an increase of £1,707. The London and South Western, an increase of £5OB. The Friar Tuck has arrived from China, with 800,000 'lbs. of tea. Earl Cowley had an audience of Her Majesty on Wed nesday. The Morning AS7nr appears to be in some fear lest Lord Palmerston's speech to-morrow (Friday), on the excite tient of foreicrn crisis, may have the effect of retarding the Reform Bill. At Rte. Majesty's levee, on Wednesday, the honour of knighthood was conferred upon Mr. Armstrong, the inventor of - the new rifle gun, who is further described as Engineer to the War Department for rifled ordnance. The Times remarks that this appointment is a very sig nificant fact. Co speci a l meet i ng o f t h e centra l P ar li amen t ar y R e f orm emittee was held on Wednesday, at Fendall's Hotel. s ii o l.l ;l B Pondenc e was received from, the great towns, pron. -lig that reformers were in a state of preparation to p u b i Z u nee on the Government bill, so soon as it is made at Tif- ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.—The Times states that, Wanleetin. of the Atlantic Telegraph Company, on meetin g ednes da y , night Hon. J. Stuart Wortley, M.P., chairman, stated, that within the last hour ke had rece ived intelli gence of the success of the negociations with the Government, and that a guarantee of 8 per cent. 11 4600,000 for twenty-five years. The guarantee will _ x e ° o t t bb e e e u n n a eo efi n i ti t tio i na fi l, and the precise stipulations have F OREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRANCE. We have received the following telegram from "r Paris correspondent : _ "PARIS, W e d ne sday, Feb. 23, 9 a.m. vi " It is reported that Lord Cowley goes to c e . 1 , 1 . 1 a on a sp ec i a l m i ss i on ."—Th e Ti mes ( S econ d - -tcton) . e _PARis, Tuesday Evening.—The very remarkable :,nlunicatio n from Paris in the Independence eln Bige of yesterday, has damped the few hopes I t Peace that linger about the Bourse here. h W ould appear th a t it 'was at the rustica uof Comp e i gn F ores t, when nothing but „ "ng by torchlight was supposed to be upper- Zest, that the orders were first issued for warlike e Paration, and th e I s t of March was given as e u.e'tinie whe n a ll wou ld b e rea dy. The speech , t . n. the first o f J anuary was not a su dd en ebulli tt'n in the Imperial mind, but the slight puff from e valve showing that the steam has been getting sP for some p rev i ous per i o d. N ex t came the . 11 cIden int erv i ew at Pl om bei res , at w hi c h C oun t teux,enr communi ca t e d th e cess ion of Villa Franca he Russian navy, and obtained the adhesion of chice Yniperor to that now important measure, of h the m ean i ng was fi rs t i ns i s t e d on i n this art of the globe, though pooh poohed elsewhere. b et e next f ac t was t h e i nterv i ew l as t S ep t em b er w een Colon e l C ouza an d Napoleon 111. at the tilileries of which the result is now visible on the ° Wei' D'auube. TURKEY. The CONSTANTINOPLE, Feb. 22. _ es rePorts lately circulated in certain papers, va?ecting the marriage of the Sultan, the des and 'them Pacha to the Danube with troops, unt rue trhe Contest in the Divan, are all stated to be WA lLrr i , DETERMINED UPON BY FRANCE. on - r Paris correspondent of the _Herald, writing th ,r'llesday night, says he is in a position to state o n a ' war is so far resolved on by the French ra-verement, that the corps, which are to com a e c lice the campaign, have already been desiFilated, I, I IY t hat orders have been given to the Minister of ar to frame a plan of operations. si, l t is reported that Austria is to be attacked `!!iltaneously in front, flank, and rear. WY , The Piedmontese, supported by a large French ~..1 ? ;1 3 r, will form the main division, while another ,1 1 . 11 - march no r th war d f or t h e P apa l St a t es , an d a 'lld will seize Venice or Trieste. ei °ll is said that re p resen t a ti ves o f th e f or eign ' l tB in Paris have abandoned all hope of a Pacific solution. It i s reported that orders to prepare for a sa lt i n It a l y were g i ven b y th e E mperor i mmediately a f ter hi s re t urn f rom C ompe i gne . The visit of Count Cavour to the Emperor, •euain g I_ ll ri.li the s ummer , is an important link in the of events. POLITICAL GOSSIP. MR. - BRIGHT AND HIS REFORM BILL — Tn a letter to the Secretary of the Blackburn Branch of the Lanca shire Reformers' Union, relative to the late reform meeting in the town, Mr. Bright writes:—" I feel con fident that the more mroposition for reform is ex amined an d understood , the more will it be approved °y. all thos e i n f avour o f represen t a ti ve government. I t the it littl e l ess than folly and c hildi s h n ess to disturb "e present arrangements, unless we are prepared to make a substantial amendment : and I believe my mea !tire/ in a true sense, to be more really conservative any of a less extensive and decided character. .he c or di al feeling which has been shown w i th regar d to it in all parts of the country, gives me hope that no unworthy scheme will meet with support from the people., even thou g h it s h ou ld b e we l come d by a large part;' is P arliament." IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONS --11VEDNESDAY CHURCH RATES On the order for the second reading of the Church Rates Commutation Bill, Mr. Secretary Walpole made an appeal for its post ponement till the discussion was taken on the Govern ment Bill. Mr. Alcock objected, observing that hip Bill was volun tary and permissive, and differed in postscript from that of the Government Bill, to many parts of which he objected. After some discussion, an amendment for the post ponement of the second reading was carried without a division. JURIES (IRELAND) BILL The order for the second reading of the Juries (Ireland) Bill was postponed, at the sugmestion of the Attorney- General for Ireland, who asked for a time for its consi deration. MANOR COURTS (IRELAND) BILL, gth On the motion that the House go into Conimittea on the Manor Courts (Ireland) Bill, Mr.W.Williams objected to the amount of compensa tion provided by the Bill. The Attorney-General for Ireland said that there was a principle of justice involved in the Bill which was as important as the pecuniary consideration. It was absurd to have this set of Courts existing beside the County Courts. With regard to compensation, it was only given on the same principle as that adopted on• the abolition of the Courts for the recovery of small debts. in England. Mr. Kirk objected that the seneschal of these Courts was the returning _officer of the borough ; and if the office was abolished there would be no returning officer. Mr. Harrison said it was only the legal duties of the sene3ehal that were abolished. After some further discussion as to the compensation, the 'order for the second reading was postponed till after certain resolutions on the paper had been discussed. On the motion for the second reading of the Receivers in Chancery Abolition Bill, Mr. D. Fitzgerald made an appeal for its postpon ment, as there had not been time for its consideration. The Attorney-General for. Ireland acquiesed, and the bill was postponed, as was the Sale and Transfer of Land (Ireland) Bill. The-House then went into committee on the Manor Courts (Ireland) Compensation Bill. • On the first resolution beipg,yroposed, Mr. J. D. Fitzgerald said, - iliat the number of these courts exceeded 300, and in all of which cases compensa tion must be granted. He approved of the bill, which substitutedjudges to whom authority proceeded directly from the Crown for the judges of these manor courts, who were appointed by private indi viduals ; he thought that to get rid of the difficulty of compensation, they should appoint other judges accord ing to the provisions of the bill As vacancies occurred in the present courts, those courts "would then be gra dually extinguished. Mr. Whiteside reprobated the continuance for any time of courts reprehensible in principle, on account of considerations of economy. The judges of the present Manor Courts had frequently no legal knowledge what ever. The Manor Courts produced the most mischievous effect, as the administration of justice depended on the whim of the Lord of the Manor. • Mr. Wilson, approving of the bill, made some objec tions to the providing the compensation out of the Con solidated Fund, and moved an amendment that they be paid out of a special fund to be voted by parliament. Lord Naas consented, and the resolution was with drawn. A discussion took place as to the present amount of the fees and the details of the compensation to be given. Certain resolutions were agreed to, 'and the House resumed. The House then went into committee on the Manor Courts (Ireland) Bill, wh'n Mr. J. D. Fitzgerald brought forward his amendment, having for its object the gradual extinction of these courts. The Attorney-General for Ireland said he only followed the principle laid down when the local courts were abolished and the county courts established in England. He pro tested against different rules being applied to the two countries. He opposed the amendment on the ground of common sense and common justice. After some discussion, Mr. Sergeant Deasy approving of the amendment, Mr. Fitzgerald was willing to forego it rather than risk the bill. Mr. Richardson observed that, when compensation was in question, the registrars ought not to be forgotten. . Mr. J. D. Fitzo•erald withdrew his amendment; and the clause was agreed to. On clause 3, comppsatinm the seneschals, Mr. Grogan moved an amendment; extending compen• sation to all the officers of these courts. The Attorney-General for Ireland objected, urging that it was not according to precedent to give compensation to marshals and registrars, or other officers who had no legal fees. Mr. J. D. Fitzgerald sUpported the amendment. Lord Naas objected to it, as it would be for the senes chal himself to compensate his inferior Officers. After some further discussion, the words registrar or marshal were introduced into the compensatiOn clause. On the motion of the Attorney-General for Ireland, Mr. Kirk moved an amendment, to the effect that the compensation should be founded on the amount of fees, and not of other emoluments. The Attorney-General for Ireland opposed the amend ment. _ The house divided, when the amendment was carried by 46 to 40. On the motion that the clause as amonded, stand part of the bill, . - Mr. W. Williams protested against the principle of compensation generally as applied to these courts. The Attorney-_General once more defended the course pursued, as in accordance with precedent. The clause was then agreed to. On clause four, Mr. Cox objected, till they knew something more of the number of persons to be compensated, and the probable amount to be paid. Sir S. Northcote assured the House that every care would be taken by the Treasury to limit the amount of compensation to persons entitled to it. The committee divided, when the clause was adopted by 91 to 12. On clause five, Mr. Maguire moved an amendment, extending the jurisdiction of the Petty Sessions Courts from sums not exceeding £1 to sums not exceeding £2. Mr. Cogan supported the amendment. The Attorney-General for Ireland assented, and the amendment was agreed to. _ Sergeant Deasy moved that a sum not exceeding ss. be awarded for costs. _ . The Attorney-General for Ireland assented, and the provision was introduced into the clause. The clauses up to clause 8 were agreed to, when the House resumed. The remaining business was disposed of, and the House adjourned at 4.50, p.m. TIIE AMERICAN NEWS Boys.—The New York Herald says:—Some wise rural Draco has reported a bill rela ting to the theatres, and it has passed both branches of the Legislature. It provides that it shall not be law ful for the manager of a theatre to admit minors to his establishment unless they are accompanied by an adult. This law, like the Sunday ordinance, is levelled at the privileges of a very numerous and useful class of persons, to wit, the newsboys : They are great theatre goers, and acute critics They spend their evenings in the pits of the cheap play houses, where they get shelter, light, warmth and amusement for about two cents an hour. Their sympathies are always with the weak and against the strong ; they rejoice when vice is punished and virtue rewarded ; valour earns their applause—meanness or cowardice meets with their scorn and contempt. As a rule, they do not display more selfishness or impoliteness than fashionable ladies in a crush at an operatic matinee or a jam at the debut of a sensation parson. The newsboy almost always makes his way, and in the teeth of poverty, with all its temptations, is honest and fair in his dealings. The present sheriff of the county, Mr. John Kelly, began his life as a newsboy. The class, as a whole, will compare favourably, in intelligence and integrity, with the mem bers of the State Legislature, and the boys are quite capable of taking care of their own morals. As for the policy of driving them into the street, because they may see once in a while a bad play, it is quite absurd. It is simply ejecting them from a theatre for the the profit of a grog shop or some worse place. But the law can scarcely be carried into effect, except in the case of boys of a very tender age, as the manager cannot dis criminate between an old boy and a young man. In fact, some boys are really older in appearance at sixteen than many men of two and twenty. Why does i rbieneae o int t oowrna t he h mmeae : rans,ile L tulrt e sohou g uneuic i ga s rhe l t h a xteae t eiatr u engys r ud,o e t: antaked instituteh e time which thorough and t i n rtinker ingadi e a 1 aervnneadmrnn government ti e fie i s i gi t ii , nsar p o.a l at a eir l o, i eea l t g rbleyri n at i yit u li n dhe i ee c i usiAlaasntl distinction t w tiwbo e nse r Legislature need not trouble itself to make local 'laws for us. We eau attend to these matters very Weil, for ourselves, THE SOII i nIERN TIMES, THURsDAY, FEBRuArtY 24, 1859 YOUNG AMERICA ON SLAVERY. in former days to see the pens where the war prisoners were stored to fatten preparatory to being eaten. They were stall-fed for the market, and hung up and cut up, as you would sell a sheep or an ox. Young girls were considered the greatest delicacies, but when tough with age they became beasts of burden. Guilty of all crimes, accustomed to the lowest acts of barbarians, always at war, strangers to education, civilisation and Christianity—brutalised by the lowest de pravity—the question arises, no matter what the motive, has not his removal to America bettered his condition, improved his morals, elevated his mind ? Has not that been the first step towards regeneration?' There can be bat one response. So far as America is concerned—slavery, if not a curse to the white man, is, compared to his native habits, a blessing to the slave. America is no more a hell to the negro, than Africa is a heaven. (After reading Thos. Collie Grattan's "Civilised America.") [Continued from yesterday's Narthern Times.] The good Duchess of Sutherland clears the peasantry from her estates, to make room for the grouse and the season's shooting, and then forsooth sends a monster petition, with half a million signa tures, to the American ladies, to do away with slavery—she should. have added, "as she has done:' " A thin partition, so you see, 'twixt Cupid and cupidity." Her reception of the authoress of " Uncle Tom" has done more to prolong , slavery than the noble duchess will ever know. Had the Rathbones and the Croppers of the anti-slavery party devoted a little more time to the affairs of the Borough Bank, and a little less to the "domestic institutions" of America, perhaps there would not be to-day so many families reduced to beggary, perchance to a servitude, to them much more wretched than bondage co the African. 'Tis natural to follow the leader ; and the ideas of the few have become maxims with the many- Children have their ears wide open, and their memory is like wax to receive impressions, and like iron to retain them. Facts are stubborn arguments ; I crowd them into this article to show that England has made the most money out of the slave-trade ; and that it is wrong for Englishmen to allow their children to grow up with ill-feeling against relations who solicit friendship, on account of acts for which their own parents are mostly accountable. Every bale of cotton, every hogshead of sugar she buys, is a premium on slavery ! Be consistent ; tell the truth ; don't exaggerate. Better let the left hand know the right hind's , movements, than practice deception. Slavery is the growth of ages. You cannot emancipate it in a day. Slavery is the growth of ignorance —not of education. (To be continued.) NEWRY, WARRENPOINT, AND ROSTREVOR RAILWAY The twenty-sixth ordinary general meeting of the proprietors of this company was held in the Clarendon rooms, at one o'clock yesterday. Mr. Francis Shand presided, and among the other gentlemen present were, Messrs. Charles Holland, Edward Heath, Alerander, Shand, Lupton,William Spalding, J. M. Magee, (Newry), &c., &c. The meeting in addition to its ordinary objects, was made special for the purpose of considering resolutions passed at a meeting of Irish shareholders, held in Dublin, on the 17th day of Sept., 1858, urging that the seat of management should be removed from Liverpool to Dublin, and that Messrs. A J. Small, P. M'Evoy Gartland, John 0. Woodhouse, and J. M. Magee be appointed directors of the company, in the room of Messrs. Shand, Heath, Holland, and Fitzadam. The report, which was taken as read, showed up to 31st December last, a decrease of £ll7 19s 5d in the. passenger traffic, as compared with the corresponding period in 185.7, arising from the wet and ungenial weather during the summer; but on the other hand, the goods traffic shews an increase of £37 19s 4d, and the working expenses were only £613 12s 5d against £626 2s 7d last year. . . How long is it since the right-of-search question produced discord ? Is it fair for England to insult America every little while on this touchy question ? Lord Brougham thinks so, but not Lord Malmesbury. Young England's statesmanship is a decided im provement on Old England's. The Chairman stated that, at the last mooting, they parted with the understanding that Mr. Magee, of Newry, was about to prepare the arrangement of a new directory more acceptable than the present one to the proprietors, and more efficient in carrying out the welfare of the concern. There appeared, however, by a statement which that gentleman had subsequently issued, to be some little difference as to the expressions of the directors upon that occasion. Mr. Magee appeared to believe that they had then offered unconditional resignation of their offices, and now charged them with having adopted an after-thought—namely, that they would resign when they had seen a proper local directory formed. He denied that there was any such after-thought, and con tended that the directors would not be justified in abandoning the concerns of the railway without any consideration to that providence to which, he said, they had otherwise left it. The Chairman proceeded at considerable length to reply to several of the allegations contained in the letters of Mr. Magee, and especially referred to a statement put forth, on the authority of Mr. Dargan, that Irish railways managed by directors in Ire land were also paying a good per centage, but that Irish railways managed by directors in England were paying nothing. He pointed out instances of railways managed by Irish directors in Ireland, among others the Limerick and Waterford Railway, which were not paying at pre sent, and the accounts of some of which showed a con siderable deficiency. Tho Chairman, at great length, defended the management of the English directors in several particulars, and concluded by stating that, although he had taken a pride and a pleasure in aiding to bring what had been chaos and confusion into good order, he should be perfectly willing to resign his seat at once, when the . shareholders believed that they had found a better man. He then moved that the report and statement of accounts be received and adopted. Mr. Spalding seconded the motion. _ _ To become benefactors of the few blacks, the Exetor-hall party would become malefactors of the many whites. Their politics clash with their ethics. Their near relations, the Americans, they would sacrifice for their very distant acquaintances, the Africans. Such conduct is not consistent. Why is it that the black man must remain in Africa ; why is it that he should be imprisoned within his own borders ? Red men, yellow men, white men, brown men—emigrate from land to land, under. contracts equally binding as slavery. But black men, like the Crown-jewels, must be handled in white kids and placed in a glass case, to be looked at ! What have the aboli tionists to say to the coolie trade to Cuba and Callao —the liinclostanee trade to the Mauritius—the Boer trade to Cape Colony—all of British origin ? I could paint as terrible a picture of the Swatau and Macao coolie traffic as the most rabid friend of the African. I have been upon the ground. Parliamentary returns give the list of the dead, but say little of the misery of the living Out of 14,000 agricultural labourers in Trinidad, 7,927 were from India and China. Between 1845 and 1859, of 11,458 Chinese and coolie emigrants, 6,278 remained as voluntary emigrants or returned. The African is much more adapted to the climate than the Asiatic, and a negro thrives under a sun that destroys a coolie ! Mr. Magee, in a lengthened address, condemned the policy pursued by the present directors, as well as the previous board which sat in London. Me declared that although the line was as level as the table, and passing over land that was of little value, there has been £122,000 expended upon it. Of the original board of directors, he stated that only two were Irish, and the remainder were English. Mr. Magee concluded by moving the following resolution : " That the consideration of the report be adjourned until the 4th day •f April next; that a com mittee be appointed in the meantime to investigate the affairs of the company on the spot, and report to a meet ing of the shareholders to be held in Liverpool on that day ; and that they have power to call for the production of all books and papers requisite to procure an inquiry." Mr. Small, of Newry, seconded the amendment, but it was negatived. Labour was wanted—supply and demand rule it. Slavery is a crime—therefore coolie trade is introduced. Measure after measure is brought forward to obtain labourers ; and no matter what the system, so long as it is called by any other name than slavery. The truth is, I have heard the word so often repeated that I am disgusted with it; and I believe if Congress would pass a law compelling the slave owners to be called coolie-owners, or serf owners, and the slaves to be called coolies, or apprentices,- or serfs, or servants, or any thing but slaves—l believe if this could be done, Exeter Hall would be perfectly happy, and the world would revolve upon its axis as in the olden time. For really it is the sentiment, not the fact, of slavery that occasions such clamour ! What does England wish America to do with her slaves—liberate them ? I think.not. What does she want ? Do the Clarksonites consider a negro equal to an Anglo-Saxon ? If they do, I don't. Do they believe that an Anglo- Saxon can be brought down to the level of the African without crossing the blood ? They cannot. Then how expect the African to rise to their level without mixing the stock ? 'Tis unnatural. The moment the white marries the black, the white deteriorates in greater ratio than the black improves. 'Tis a question of race. There are degrees in nature. Can you make a pointer out of a poodle P Can you get a peach out of a crab apple ? Can you grow an oak from a pea nut ? Can you change a carrot into a melon ? Will a donkey produce an Arab horse ? Can you bring a chicken out of an egg plant ? Can you make an eagle out of a duck ? A lion from a pole-cat ? Most certainly not ; you . cannot trifle with nature, nor make a silk purse out of a sow's ear. And it is scarcely impossible for you to change an African into an Anglo-Saxon. It is a question of blood -of race ; and a question far above even the thoughts of those who abuse America on account of slavery ! Mr. - Speakman stated that he would . support the original motion, that the accounts and report be passed and adopted. The report was perfectly satisfactory to him, and the accounts. showed amazing economy. Mr. Magee had sent a circular to the shareholders, which contained more perverted matter and more downright falsehood than ever he had witnessed in a doeninent of the same length. Mr. Magee said that the income of the Newry and Armagh Railway had increased by £403 during the half year, and that the income of the Newry and Warrenpoint Company had decreased by £1.47. Now, the income of the former was some £1,500, and the expenditure about £l,lOO. The income of the Newry and Warrenpoint Company was about £2,500, and the expenditure did not amount to £l,OOO, which showed the better management? Mr. Magee also avered that Mr..Dargan had stated that all Irish railwaysmanaged by Irish directors, paid on the average five per cent; and those managed by English directors did :not pay three per cent. He did not believe that Mr. Dargan ever said such a thing, but if he did, he told a downright falsehood, and ought to be scouted, Where did the Irish people get the money to go on with their railways ? Why, from Eng land. The money invested by Irishmen is not more than from ten to fifteen per cent .of the whole. Who spend the money ? Irish contractors—lrish landlords. It was divided amongst the people on the spot, who took every shilling they could, and put it into,, their pockets. He then proceeded to investigate the original outlay. He found £lO,OOO spent in parliamentary pro ceedings to go over a swamp. They had no reason to go to parliament, as there was no opposition. He found that £65,000 was put down to permanent way. He would get as good a contractor, as honour able a contractor, and as wealthy a con tractor, to have done the work at £l2,ooo—npo per mile. Who received all the £60,000 ? - Why the same Mr. Dargan who so falsely stated that every railway managed by Irish directors would pay five per cent. He concluded by stating that the affairs of the company are in safe and proper hands, and turning to Mr. Magee, he said, " Go home to Newry and tell the people that if they want any assistance from a body of English directors, they must improve the commercial morality of Newry, and not allow their mercantile men to negative everything that is just and equitable." Mr. Small moved that the following paragraph be expunged from the report :—" The Newry and Armagh Company having continued to refuse to complete the agreements made by them under their- Corporate Seal, and having introduced a'bill into Parliament for the pur pose (among other things) of obtaining an access at Newry independent of the one sanctioned by Parliament in the bill obtained by this company last Session, and in violation of their pledges, your Directors are taking measures strenuously to oppose such bill, and to bring under the attention of Parliament the gross breach of faith which has been perpetrated!' Mr. Magee seconded the amenanent, but it was also, rejected. The reports and accounts were• then agreed to. Messrs. Shand and Fitzadam were re-elected directors, and a dividend at the rate of 6 per cent. per anntim, less income tax, having been: declared upon the pre krence shares, the proceedings terminated. When they will explain to me why God, in His wonderful wisdom, made one mountain overtop another mountain—formed one ocean larger than another ocean—planned one valley wider than another valley ; when they can make me understand why He made the oak stronger than its neighbour— the rainbow more beautiful than the storm-cloud —the lilly more lovely than the lilac ; when they will tell me the reason that Providence ordained that the fair Saxon should be permitted to express, in the blush upon her face, all the emotions of her soul, while the African knows not the signification of the word ; when these things are made clear to me, I will admit that the African is equal to the Anglo-Saxon race, but not till then. They were born and bred servants —they cannot be masters. I have been in Africa, and nowhere did I learn that the Nub ian had ever been other than a hewer of wood and a drawer of water. For forty centuries they have borne the burden.. We may regret their position, but we cannot change the laws of God. The obelisks and hieroglyphics of the past have stamped their occupations. They built the pyramids. For forty centurie s trey have been in a state of serfdom that their descendants on the American plantations would shudder to contemplate, Of tho fifty millions now in Africa, some forty millions are slaves, It NNP,s U 0 unusual thing DEATH OF THE FIRST TAL,NKEE CLOCK MAKES. Died, at Plymouth Hollow, Conn., Jan. 29, Seth Thomas, Esq , aged 75 years. The New. Haven Journal says of the deceased :—" We know,' of hitn as one of the fist, if not the first, to introduce. the manufacture of clocks,. now a great staple of Connecticut. His ingenuity was success fully exerted in thismatter, and he established the business. on a very extensive. scale. Enterprising, prudent, reliable, he prospered in hiis.business undertakings,. and soon became. known as a manufacturer of cotton goods. His large establishment - M Plymouth has been in successful operation for a long time, and we recollect hearing it said that during the recent financial revulsion his different flictories did not decrease. their work at all. He has been engaged in other. manufacturing enterprises, and has been, we believe, successful in all of them. Ono peculiar habit of his was, in spite of hi s we alth and age, to employ himself at the work bench the same a.s. the ulen 313 his employ."—, New Pa; paper, REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS API-: )IN , TE 2, TO INQUIRE INTO THE BEST MEAN.: MANNING THE NAVY. The above report was issued yesterday morning'. The first point to which'the attention of the comati.„'s , - , sioners was directed, was the mode of manning the navy in time of peace. The system of continuous service, by which seamen are induced for cerfain advantages to engage themselves to serve continuously fer a period of ten years, is highly approved of by the comniissioners. who have had the strongest evidence that unfit it " the ordinary peace establishment of the navy can Et• maintained by voluntary recruitment at whatever constant force'your Majesty and parliament may determine.' Hitherto the continuous service system has only been in'purtial opera tion, but it has secured to the country "s: body of well trained and efficient seamen, whose attachment to the service is the best security for the faithful performance of their duties." The commissioners crew in the recommendations of a committee of naval officers who were appointed'l4 1852, that it is chiefly to boys that a gradual org..,anisation of a permanent navy must be• looked for. At the present flint; however, only about 500 of those who an'nUalfy enter the navy have the adVantage of passing threugh the training vessels ; and so. sensible are the comtms= sioners of the advantages of early training, that they recommend that 'a large ship, similar to the Britannia• at Portsmouth, and capable of affording accommodation. to 500 boys, should be placed at Plymouth ; and that" four additional training vessels should be provided, which would enable the whole of the toys required for the navy to receive the same instruction. . The commissioners are of opinion that a reserve of seamen should always be maintained in the home ports, ready to complete the crews of ships put in commission for the relief of foreign stations, and aslfie best and most prompt of all reserves in the event of a sudden armament. The number to be thus retained ,in the home ports should bear a relation to the number in commission ; and, with our present peace establishmea, they think that it should not he less than 4,000, besides those re tained in the harbour guard-ships. Such an arrange ment also would afford a ready means of giving a syste matic training in gunnery to all the men in her Majesty's naval service. The commissioners, calling attention to the extreme importance of encouraging seamen to qualify themselves as seamen gunners, recommend that the pay of each class of seamen *rinners be increased to the extent of one penny a day. With a view also of retaining them when once qualified, they recommend that a period of five years service s seamen kunners should count as six towards a service pension, and that the pension should be.paya7 tad Kingdom .sures appear to be rend dative iiosition of this cl ble to them only in the I Islands. by a review of the r pared with the coast guard and other branches of the The commissioners think also that of the 4;00 men retained in the home ports, 1,000 should always b " These measures, ia our opinion all that are needed under the foregoing heads to place' the peace establishment of the navy on a firm and satisfactory basis, and to secure the complete and efficient working of the continnons service system. - Great care should, how ever, be taken in selecting the men. Looking to the efficiency of the reserves, which we hope to form out of those who have served for ten years continuous service, we think that it is desirable that they should not be above the age of 25 at the time of their admission, and above all that they should be strong and healthy." The condition of the seamen in the royal navy next comes under notice. Her Majesty's service, it is ,granted, is not so popular as it should be with the great body of the mercantile marine. To make it more so, the commis sioners advise improvements in the internal arrangements of the hulks in which the men are lodged whilst their ships are fitting out ; the increase of the allowance of both bread and salt meat to one pound and a quarter daily (the rate of payment. for savings, however, to be diminished) ; that the bedding and mess utensils be issued as the hammocks now are, and that a suit of clothes be given to every man, on his first entering for ten years' continnons service. Other minor recommendations of the commissioners relate to the mode of payment of wages whilst the ship is fitting out ; the system of allotments (which they recommend should be assimilated to the practice in the - merchant service) ; the badge money ; the rank s and promotion of warrant officers. The com missioners anticipate the best results from " the occa sional promotion of a warrant officer to the quarter deck ; at the same time, we are ready to admit that the promotion should only be granted for distinguished service, combined with exemplary conduct ; and it should not be limited to the warrant officers, but should be open, in the case of very signal and extraordinary services, to any - seaman in your Majesty's navy." The second point to which the attention of the com missioners was directed is the mode of manning the fleet on an emergency: The old system of naval impressment is quickly disposed of as utterly impracticable, and the ballot, the commissioners think, is open to most of the same objections._ In our standing reserves, the com missioners counsel an increase of 5,000 men to the present reserve of marines in the home ports, and the coast-guard he raised to 12,000 men. Naval coast volunteers are not believed to be a reliable force for manning the fleet. The most serious objection to them is the limit of distance (namely, 100 leagues) to which they can be , carried from the shore ; so that " the operations of a fleet might be seriously impeded by having a few naval coast volunteers on board of some of the ships composing - it." As seamen, the short service pensioners—seamen who have retired after ten years' service on a pension of 6d. a day —will never be numerous, but a large reserve could be formed out of the marines, if the principle were extended to them, and this the commissioners strongly recom mend. But these services, estimated in all at 30.000, exclusive of the naval coast volunteers, are believed to be insufficient ; it is desirable to have a further force of from 20,000 to 30,000 seamen well trained in gunnery. A plan to obtain them is then proposed : "It appears," continues the report, " from the returns that have been furnished to us, that the coasting trade of this country employs 63,000 men, including masters. The returns do not comprise watermen and others. who might be made-available for the purpose. If we add the Baltic and Mediterranean trades and the voyages to the North American- and other ports, including the seamen employed by the large steam packet companies, we shall not have less than 100,000, men, who are never absent for any length of time from the ports of thi's country. We propose that not less than 20,000 such men, as in point of age, ability; character, and' permanent . connection with their respective ports may appear most suitable for the purpose, shall' be selected from this number. This new body of men might be called the Royal Naval Volun teers.' The inducements which we propose to hold out to seamen to-join this force will be - 1. A payment at short period:s. 2: A pension at the age of 50 to 55: 3. Payment for time spent in practice. 4. Admission to the coast-guard. 5. Participation in the benefits of Greenwich Hospital. On their part they would engage to practice Annnery; and to serve in case of emergency; and conditions would be framed to secure their coming forward' to join the, navy within a very short time after their services were required." The influence of the marine department of the Board of Trade is chiefly relied upon for the selection of the force at first ; and the establishment of school ships in the principal commercial ports, capable of accommocla tine: from-100 to 200 boarders in each ship, of whom 100 should be• supported by the state, for its future supply. These spools would be open. to all children residing at the ports as day scholars contributing weekly. The most eligible, it is estimated, would go into the navy, but the majority would probably go into the merchant service. As to subsequent arrangements, it is proposed that at the end Id each period of five years it shall be in • the option of anyone to withdraw, and that the same option shall arise when a youth obtains the certificate of - the Board of Trade, and becomes master or mate of . a merchant ship. The only penalty on anyone who retires will be the loss of his claim to a pension, unless he elect to continue the necessary contribution out of his own, funds. This per mission to retire will admit of a larger number of the whole merchant seamen of the country passing through the force, and so becoming trained its gunnery, while the country will not be charged with any additional payment on that account. The amount asstEni _ p l o,s t°k al, foli v o ri V e v wi ll s tatement beat h c e r x m lii ti li j i e t s s ty t , h s e d iws ," it is added, " are, of reserve ing- that the coast guard and naval coast volunteers are raised . to the full amount contemplated for those forces respectively, before the commission was issued, and that the , additions which they have recommended are h/so carried into effect : Reliefs in the home ports 4,000 Coast-guard Marines embodied , ". 6 , 000 Ditto short service pensioners . , Seamen, short serrke pensioners, say 3,000 Royal naval voMnteers Naval coast volunteers ----...• 30,000 20,000 10,000 ------- 30,000 Making in all , This does not include the addition of 5,000 men, which it has been said might be made to the marines, without impairing the efficiency of that body as a naval force, if her Majesty should be advised either to substitute that number of marines for troops of the line, or to add that number of men to the whole military and naval estab lishments of the kingdom ; nor does it include the 5,000 volunteers whom it - is assumed are absent on leave in the long voyages. "Of these forces," says the commissioners, "the reliefs in the home ports and the coast-guard both be speedily raised, and this should be done at The marines embodied are taken at the number men in this country. The short service 'n as well as marines, will be filled up in The royal navy volunteers may, in ses, be recruited without any usually" pqnsionerS; ~~ WL~~A. £104,671 494,150 £598,821 aliont seven' phiirs , the opinion of al+ great - delq." Comparing the navel ehtfilidte, amount, IfhiCh havefo*Weir guard and ;hb - tiaval coast vol fO6. up to the statecontemplate4 by the' etatee, , Wk late these forces respectively, a further expeVdßar‘• be required of €44,892.. , f this year with the 1. before the coast been brought intcera M2,t ch rein will Thecommissiorre6 estimate ?he' whole expense of thy additions as follows':' IMPROVEMENTS I"4 TILE PEACE ASTABLISHMENT Increased allowances of provisions ..£42,331 Pensions of warrant diem's' widows 1 , 9,150 Mess' utensils, clothes,.ana bedding.. 14;200 Instruction and training taips . . 15,918 • Petty officers' badges Pay and pensions for gunnery ADDITIONAL MISERVLS, IN TILE QUEEN'S. SERVICE. 2,a40 additional coast-guard men- £116,525 4,000 reliefs in home ports 5,000 short service pensioners, marines IN THE MERCHANT SEMICE 26;000 royal naval volunteers in home r and 5,000 in distant voy ages (including school ships), .. 200,000 Making in all ks -a' final resource, in case of actual danger to the com?ulsory service must remain her Majesty's prerogative, but the commissioners recommend that two limitations be made in the latest enactment on the subject ; viz., onei.that it shall only be called into operation in the ease- of danger to the country, declared'i by her Majesty in council, after the voluntary reserves shall have been. first called out for service ; and secondly, that if her Majesty should ever find it necessary to proclaim compulsory service, a relief should be prOVided for every seaman within a period of three years front the time of his entry on board ship ; and that he should not be liable to be• called upon for a second period of service, until after the expiration of a time, to be ex pressed in the statute_ Concluding-their report, the Commission ers obser7e counti "Your Majesty possesses in the merchant service elementg of naval poweri.such:as , no other government in the world tie that hitherto no sufficient organise tiOn.has existed'fdr seeming .to your Majesty the imme diate command of these- resources.• During a long peac e , reliance has been Tlheed either on the improbability that danger would arise; or on the efficacy of impressment to furnish the means- by which danger could be confronted and overcome. Changes in public sentiment, and in the circumstances of: the case, have shaken. that reliance. We rejoice to believe that, by improvements fix the administrations of your Majesty's navy, and in the regulation. of the merchant service, other resources have• in the meantime been placed within the reach of - your Majesty's Government, and that it is now in their, power to substitute for untrained compulsory service a system of defence, voluntary, effective, and calculated , to draw closer to your Majesty at the moment of danger„ the loyal enthusiasm of those on whom your Majesty will rely. We therefore humbly and confidently submit to . your Majesty the adoption of measures, which, while their primary object is the pro tection of this country from the hazards of war, must at the same time improve• the position, and alleviate the character of the British seamen in the two services ; and unite thorn to,gether in the-firm bonds of reciprocal good feeling, and of common interest." The report is dated the 19th of the present month, and is signed by the Earl of ilardwicke, the Marquis of Cbandos, Mr. Cardwell, M.P., Admiral W. F. Xartin Sir J. D. Elphinstone, Mr. John Shepherd, and M r . 11: Green. THE EXTRAORDINARY SEDUCTION CASE The case of Gardner v:• Godfrey was resumed yesterday. The crowd surrounding the court was much greater than usual, and a great number of policemen were on duty to keep the people from blocking up all access to the interior of the court building. Mr, Barnard appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. M. Chambers, Mr. Serjeant Ballantine, and Mr. J. Brown for the defendant. After the examination oUat witness, Mr: M. Chambers summed up the defendant's case, and urged upon the attention of the jury the fact that throughout the whole of the case the defendant's counsel had never been free from evidence that took them 'by surprise ; but,. singularly enough, every bit of evidence that came upon them by surprise, confirmed the words that he made use of when he first addressed them ; that every incident, new and unforeseen, tended to elicit the truth, and to exhibit the innocence of Dr. Godfrey._ The learned counsel then addressed the jury for the purpose of showing that it was anatomically impossible that the offence with which Dr. Godfrey was charged, could'have been committed under tt.e circumstances deposed today Miss Gardner. He also drew their attention to the numerous contradictions which existed between her statement of what occurred in Fins bury-square and the statements of Mrs. Godfrey, Miss Ballardine, and the servant girl. Strange enough there were similar extraordinary circumstances in reference to the occasion on which the offence was said to have been a second time committed—there were the work men about the- house; there was. the brother,. an active young man; the father not far off, the sick mother in an adjoining room, and'the unfastened door. Could they with these circumstances believe what Miss Gardner had stated ? Then as to the medicine which the defen dant had administered to her; at first, no doubt the ad ministering medicine raised the darkest suspicion in their minds, but now it turned out by the production of Dr. Godfrey's book, that the •medicines given were perfectly proper. He concluded an elaborate speech by appealing to them to restore Dr. Godfrey to that good name and position which he occupied previous to this horrible accu sation being made ; andle.asked them solemnly, if they found their verdict for the plaintiff, how could they re concile their consciences to it hereafter ? Mr. Barnard (in tho-absenee- of Mr. Edwin Jamesl addressed the jury in reply for the plaintiff. Although the issae was a fearful one, whether they found their verdict for the plaintiff ..or the defendant, he trusted that on a careftil consideration of the evidence and of all the circumstances of the case, they would find that they could not resist returning a verdict for the plaintiff. And he need not tell them that if there was a verdict for the plaintiff-it should be with such ample damages as would afford the only compensation which could be given for a grievance and an injury of this kind. The learned Judge having summed up, The Jury retired at .twenty minutes to four, and came into court at a quarter to five, with a verdict for the defendant ; the , foreman stating that it was the belief of the jury that neither the defendant nor his son veers -the father of the,ohild.. Outsiti a. the We are to-day- in Coll;,equence aeltle 1. the Channel red necessary Is COM- The vverdict was received with cheers. court there was a positive tumult of cheering DEFINITION OF A NEWSPAPER —' compelled," says an American editor, of the mgapprelension of many of oar readers what a newspaper is. It is (and let those that are iu Whichv a n ee arrear far the last quaxter mark well) a l u those wU) cannot afford to stump down for l i ll n l ., l ad or promptly, on the day when the quarter never flu atmoment think of indulging a . "Pil'esp should .AmEatcAN ` . Sli'lltrrUALlS l s.— b rr in ic e il l: s ' aisti , regret to learn that a gentle totc Traveller has the following :-----" W e ; 11,1ushed literary and scientific genius and seima ke . in the :TnitatZnofmtelniitss,ciOL' vicofho b ears a venerated nara,c, .and whose cities of thae United States, has been so far bewil deredhave given an important improvement has found his spiritual to the is wrongly mat As we have 1 rates of spirtnalism as to believe that he with an amiable and dmvoted wife, and. young ady affinity with another Jeen informed, the wife, thoughllea4rokCn by the development, and having ono-child, has assented to the request of her_ husband for a separation, and he has gone to Indiana to procure a divorce, in order that he may marry his new affinity, who we believe is, like his wife, a lady of intelligence, amiability, and irre— proachable in character." _ Rud. rao3t Dovra CLIFF.—On Thursday of a little bay, about nine years. of age, son of the armourer sergeant of the 60th Miles, while playing on the edge of the cliff; immediately in front of the militaty skittle ground, overbalancea himself and fell. Although the precipice is nearly 300 feet high, it has by different falls lost its perpendicular, or rather at the depth of 70 feet from the summit, forms an inclined plane•. The velocity of the boy's fall was thus broken, hut he afterwards and t h e house,rolled idooNsvilliattlroattei_isetrgeoatr.denlieinw,:slohrneinareaoif4t3eityr. taken. to_ the Military Itospital, and is ender , t a h , e skilful care e,oaurnef and surgeon of that establishment, doing well, Stra n ge to say, no bones l w ow er ee„,..eenit,h)oefir N b v r i o ti k i en 1 or i tishAclated, poor . • , Lruises.—Dorer armlet , : ) moon, ruling ho t to M a ted goe edat 01 .0 owne d at asu free '3, the vat' tb'sll :/ t is" lea s v i t W ee . , ,tioosl, oe De ioste 1 ' art ~, fi f lenc' ler . ,tolllsj. c lot!'" rea der re br al ce% ' 1 vittit i° ,dre li ° inl". - 4 Bow' lief° 1 06 1 f o 01 e 111,pet plc ileOL r . th )ce 3 ''') I st, ro aol ; ifas dge.; ,raP:Ol PO tlit ire tav 1,1 t