The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-01-27 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS yesterday has crowded out a great mass well written of a scene in play-house square." We have not bad time to read the lines by " Cigar." We are sorry we could not find room for the temperate letter Fie must tYar in mind, however, that the rai-ed by a pap:r extremely itch has supported its claims r. We may insert the letter objection to which he reter' favourable to the Alliance, and With no ordinary zeal and pa tn our next r information on the subject ire inserting it for the Pontoons Correspondent w cninmunic ti n respecting the cGraracts the landingstage at George's Dock. Our gives his name. s ors that he fears the many tle , erving parties from Diler-makers of this town are estim •t whole. ai are most e capable of executing the y laree amount of security, ,bin building. He expresses to emit wi 1 relax the conditions, so as en, who can execute a part of At all events he hopes the The revenue rived here. To show the the Dock moment sufi be expended here tension contemplated by 'ye that we have at this , rb the entire doi dation. of rid in course of formation. US this very day vr.ll afford Te Mercury tal liable to a criminal prosecu d paper. the Queen's Speech, se iris an article of news. If ist daily subjects himself to necision, we beg to ask him amped paper, of the iteturo he issues annually, is not a clear and highly penal" clauses for gratuitous dist: thution this be so, our conteropora .ke of v of the Mu greater a ,imilar publication of her Majes'y's temporary's legal knowledge be sound, 'e lists. and commercial circulars, nay, sds, are infringements of the Stamp the Town lumny about the servants at wages lowered. and as the old dte without a fire. we may as C4ll by possibility exist for le best authority not that of such a pitifu' the Mayor, f ject, hut our worship on the sub. it the Mercury would statements of our contemporary 1 3 e are informed that, f the Mayor, a member ded, in the presence of reduction ; but his worship d of the circumstance, are untrue from hegioning eu rue at any such intimation te. Our con' ient to have y must know, if he will . . fair play for once, that he has t our statement contains the truth, been mis of the whole t By some over ut the truth tted to correct an error which has secutively, and which completely ell written address of Mr. Briscoe, e found corrected today. fthew artip thpriinni w xrz~i~ar~, TUESDAY MO 27, 1846 The question which has so long agitated men's minds is now solved. Although we know not the precise details of the measure, we know sufficiently well that Sir Robert Peel's Conservative Govern ment—a Government raised to power for the ex press object of supporting the principle of protec tion, as applied boi h to native industry and to the Established Church of the land—is about to repeal the Corn-laws, and to succumb to the agitation, of which Mr. Cobden is the leader, and of which Sir :Robert Peel is about to become the humble fol lower. The principle of protection is now gone. It is trampled beneath the feet of the Anti-Corn-law League. Another generation may marvel to learn that the statesman who, in 1840, denounced the proposition of a fixed duty of Bs. per quarter on foreign grain, and, on the strength of that denun- chief place in the Govern- dation, su went of this mighty empire, was found, in 1846, proposing the admission of foreign grain duty free ; but sensible men, in this generation, cannot marvel at all. We ourselves were perfectly prepared for it. Long ago we prepared our readers for it. Friends without number told us we were wrong—we were treachery like this could not be in a statesman, or in man. We spoke, however, of the Sir Robert Peel of 1829—0 f the man who broke bis pledges to support his religion and his Pro testant Church—and we telt that we were justified in anticipating from him the further betrayal of the agricultural interest, as soon as ever the pressure from without should reach and incommode him. Whatever, therefore, may be the case with the public, Sir Robert Peel has not deceived us. The circumstances which have driven Sir Robert - Peel to the adoption of the policy which he is about to propose to P,rliament are stated by him self with sufficient clearness, and involve some most haritab illogical conclusions. The tone, indeed, of the eptire speech in which they are conveyed—now of pleading to former supporters and now threatening —betray a confusion of mind and of purpose most unworthy of the vigour of intellect which we look for in a great statesman. The failure of the potato crop was the first thing which brought to him a conviction of the necessity of prompt action with respect to the Corn-laws. He had, however, for the last three year, ,, , been watching the effect of the reductions made by his Tariff Act ; and " experi ence," he says, has convinced him that all the policy of his past - statesmanship has been based upon error " he says, " have been modified by the xperience of the at three years. I have ring the results which have years from that principle ting for some years past— pinions, reFtult of ti had the ON followed di upon whict the three las have been a namely, the I have had a industry adual re ~,,eetion on domestic portunity of comparing the Jmparati , ely low prices with pT ices (cheers) ; and I am usion that the main grounds of public po- periods or aoutua periods of scarcit led to the co lice on val h protection has been defe led are not tenable; at least I cannot maintain them." (Cheers.) He has discovered, from the experience of these years, that a low price of food does not necessarily imply a !ow rate of wages. Amazing discovery for a statesman who has held office under four sove reigns ! as Sir Robert Peel boasts of having done. " During the three years that preceded the month of October last. prices were complratively low. There was comparative cheapness and plenty, and yet at no period were the wages of labour higher than during that period. (Cheers ) It you take the three preceding years, you will find high prices, and co-exi,ten: uith high prices you will - find low wages. (Cheers.) Well, then, I have six years ; I have during the first three years Ugh prices and low wages; I have during the last three years low prices and high wages (cheers); and I cannot resist the conclusion that wages do not vary with the price of provisions." But what has this to do with the " conclusion" to which he ' as arrived, that protection is to be withdrawn from the industry of the country? We shall not trouble ourselves to follow him through his lame attempt to vindicate his conver sion—his pompous repetition of the stale fallacies of the Anti-Corn-law League—but come- at once to the real cause of his change of opinion, which will be hest understood by giving that portion of his speech in which he details the course taken by him when he had determined to effect an alteration in the Corn-laws. Referring to the commission which was issued to inquire into the state of the potato and wheat crops, he says— ssuing of these instructions to _ the com mi,sion without reservingon my own part the power to propose to parliament some measure of immediate re lief. The instructions were issued, and again I brought under the consideration of the cabinet what I had pressed on them on the Ist of November—namely, the suspen sion of the restrictions upon imprtation, either by means " could not consent to of orders in council or by calling parliament together. But at that period my own position, I admit, was entirely ohanged. The hose of time, the increase of agitation, and other circumstances had occurred materially affect ing my own position. I had been overruled in the cabinet. The noble lord opposite had in the interval written his letter (a laugh); and, giving him credit for the best intentions, 1 muvt say, it. was a letter which, after what had occurred in the cabinet did most materi ally affect my positiou. The right hon. baronet was here very indistinctly heard for about a minute. He then pro ceeded Rs :follows :—We were taking, as it appeared to me, a natural and reasonable provision, not merely against a great disaster, but agains'. a great calamity, and it was Impossible for me, or those who gave advice to me that the potatoes would fail, to avoid taking such precautions as would justify us in the eyes of the conntry. I felt, therefore, on the 26th of November, that nothing but support of an united government—after the letter of the noble lord (hear, hear)—would give a chance to me to pass such a measure as I thought advisable. After that letter I should have appeared to be adopting the proposi tion of the noble lord Oil the 22nd of November his letter appeared, and that act of mine on the 26th of No vember, would have appeared to be a servile acquiescence in bis views." Here we have the secret of ;he sudden conversion let out. " Agitation " was impelling the minister towards ultra Free Trade policy. Already he was engaged in the task of bringing round his colleagues to his own opinions, when—oh, that unfortunate " Letter of the noble Lord ! " It told the aspiring artist, whilst on the very point of completing the great work which was to astonish the world with its boldness of design and bea u ty o f d eta il, t h at h e was but a copyist after all ; and, in despair, he threw away brush and pallette and prepared to follow the more original author. Sir Robert Peel threw down the reins of Government—submitted the country to a long interregnum—inflicted upon every branch of commerce and of industry uneasiness and injury, because, although prepared to carry out Free Trade to its fullest extent, " after that letter tie would have APPEARED to be adopting the pro.. and our THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. position of the noble Lord!" What miserable 1845, 613,138,645 yards ; in 1844, 569,677,792 vanity is here ! What inconceivable littleness of yards ; in 1843, 520,941,635 yards ; in 1842 mind ! He threw up what he tells us he was con- 366,040,519 yards ; and in 1841, 366,946,452 vinced was an imperative duty, and was called for yards—or an increase in five years of nearly three to avert a great national calamity, because, " after sevenths ! In the report of printed and dyed that letter," the world would not give him the calicoes there has been a slight decrease, the quan credit of originality ! tities being, in 1845, 310,850,697 yards, against Sir Robert has never had much of this quality of 313,111,455 yards in 1844. In 1843, however, the a great statesman to throw away; and his vexation quantity was only 257,787,304 yards; in 1842. at being in some measure anticipated by Lord John 236,012,641 yards ; and, in 1841, 278,748,275 is only natural. We are not at all sure, however, yards. In cotton thread there is also a slight de that the measure which was floating in the mind of crease from 2,731,039 to 2,567,705 lbs. in 1845. the Premier on the 26th of November will prove to In damasks and diapers, there is an advance; but have been the same which we now confidently ex- this seems a variable article. In muslins and cam pect to receive at his hand. It will be found, we brics, the advance is from 3,180,545 yards in 1844 suspect, that the letter of Lord John, with its an- to 4,797,968 yards in 1845. We may mention nouncement of his adhesion to total and immediate that, upon this article, the average per tentage of repeal, has urged Sir Robert Peel very. far beyond labour comprised in the exportable value is about the point at which his mind was hesitating. In the 80 per cent.. communication addressed by the Whig leader to We pass over the minor articles, which fluctuate, her Majesty, he says : according to the quantities exported in preceding " Sir Robert Peel's letter to your Majesty, commu- years. The whole summary, however, indicates a nicated to Lord John Russell at Osborne-house, offers the large increase in the export of those commodities support of Sir Robert Peel to his successors, provided • In particular, upon which the labour of the people their measures should be founded on certain principles, i which are there expl a ined, an d framed in a spirit of cau tion and forbearance towards the interests to be affected. The margin of profit in the prices of goods ex " The measures which Sir Robert Peel had in contem- ported is equally favourable to the industry and the plation appear to have been the present suspension of the capital of the country. In 1844, we exported of per dut i es on corn—a ed by a repe dimf al o theon coorn-1 do s est no remo te • te yarn in manufactured goods 322,362,810 lbs., in , precedinutif; relief and in value £20,500,949; in 1845, we the occupiers of land from burdens by which they are pe- weight ex culiarly affected, as far as it may be practicable." ported in manufactured goods 336,866,327 lbs. in To the first portion of the scheme Lord John ex- weight, and in value £22,063,808—a difference pressed his perfect assent; but objected that to re- canclusive as to the superior value, so far as the in impose the duties, with a view to their gradual dustry of the country is concerned, of the exports termination, would be found to be most impolitic of 1845 over those of 1843. The prices, too, and impraticable. He applied, therefore, to Sir Robert which spinners have been receiving in the two Peel for a more extended pledge of assistance, which years are equally satisfactory, on the most impor was, however, refused, but in such terms as induced tant counts of yarn. For these, however, which him to take office depending upon such assistance. will require a more lengthy analysis than we have We infer from all the circumstances, and the whole room for, we must refer our readers to the " glance" tenor of the correspondence, that the measures to itself, which ought to be in the counting-house of be announced this evening by Sir Robert himself every merchant, and in ,the bands of every states will go far beyond his original intention, if they do not go beyond even those of Lord John Russell. A few hours, however, will render speculation on the subject unnecessary The intense interest and alarm which has for some time prevailed amongst the monied interests in the city, and commercial men throughout the country, with respect to the effect of the with drawal of a large amount of capital from circulation during the process of paying over the deposits on the various new schemes into the hands of the Ac countant-General, has not been relieved by the reply of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on Friday even ing, to the question put to him by Lord John Rus sell. The noble Lord urged, on the part of his constituents, such a departure this year from the strict letter of the Ist and 2nd Victoria as would allow the required operation to be performed by the deposit of securities, as in the case of ordinary business transactions, instead of money ; and adduced, as a reason for entertaining great apprehension of the result of the Act being literally complied with, the fact that already, to meet the anticipated emergency, the Bank had contracted the period of loans for commercial pur poses from the ordinary one of one or two months to twenty-one days. Mr. Mangles and Mr. Master man adduced other strong reasons in favour of the suggestion of Lord John being conceded to. The latter gentleman, and his large experience ought to have great weight, stated that " he could assure the Chancellor of the Exchequer that, with respect to the money market, considerable inconvenience was already felt, because all persons were compelled to save up their money, thereby crippling accomoda tions for commercial purposes, to the detriment of the community at large " The reply Of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, negativing the proposals of the City members, does not appear to us to be dictated by his usual acumen and knowledge of financial operations. By the standing order, sought to be relaxed, he says, " all persons embarked in railway speculations were bound to make a certain deposit previous to the presentation of their petitions to the House." We might reply that the deposit in question has been made by " persons embarked in railway specu lations." Their money—the money at least of such of them as will present petitions—is already lodged with their bankers or otherwise invested in sufficient securities—viz., Exchequer Bills, India Bonds, ap proved Bills, or Consols. It is only the London bankers who seek to be relieved from the necessity of performing the operation of handing over the value in such a shape as will not derange the currency of the country. What necessity can there be of throw ing all these upon the market for conversion into money to be handed over to the Accountant- General, when the next day, or the next week, they will have to be re-invested in similar securities ? The object of the requirement of the Act was to ensure bona fide paid up share lists; and that object is equally answered in whatever mode the financial process of handing over the deposits to the Board of Trade is performed, so long as the money has been bone fide contributed by the shareholders. The Chancellor urges, as one ground of his re fusal, his belief that the apprehensions entertained are exaggerated ; and that " difficulties had origi nated to parties from the extent to which their spe culation had gong." In reply to the first argument, it is enough to know, that apprehension does exist, and must continue to exist until the extent of the difficulty to be met is known—in other words, until the whole money is paid over. And, in reply to the latter; we can only repeat that the question is not one affecting the speculators at all, but solely one bearing upon those whose interests are con nected with the maintenance of the currency of the country in a secure and even position. The spe culators in railways have performed their contract — have paid their five and ten per cent. upon their railway projects. Is the whole commercial commu nity to be thrown into difficulty for the next two months, because Government and the Bank of England cannot agree upon the easiest mode of performing their part of the operation ? We say not; and we think we are warranted in saying so. We gave, in our publication of the 15th of July, a mass of statistical facts derived from that most valuable publication " Barns's Commercial Glance," for the half year ending June 30th, 1845, which afforded evidence of an increase in the extent and prosperity of the cotton trade, unparalleled in the history of that or any other branch of the industry of the country. Another publication of the same important compilation is now before us, giving the results of the cotton trade up to the close of the past year, from which we proceed to offer to our readers a few of the most instructive and impor tant items. _ _ MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN ASSOCIATION . A meeting of this association was held on Saturday to consider the steps to be taken to meet the decree of the Brazilian government, enacting that the decree of Rio, by which the representatives of British subjects deceased were allowed to administer should be suspended, and the terms of the treaty of the French, bearing date in 1836, should be exacted, so far as British subjects are concerned. The treaty in question provides forthe extension of full privileges in cases of the decease of foreigners in Brazil, only towards those whose governments have with that country commenced treaties of mutual advantage; and, although it has hitherto been interpreted in favour of this country, it appears that, owing to .the operation of the bill of last session for repressing slavery, we are now to be ejected from the advantage of its provisions. A me morial of the association, upon the subject, is to be pre pared for presentation to the government. The subj-ct of this evening's lecture at St. Andrew's Church is, "The moral influence of Companionship." Mr. Watson, M.P., has given notice of a bill " for the further repeal of enactments imposing pains and penal ties on Roman Catholics." _ ..... On Friday, at Mullingar, before the special commis sioner, Bryan Seary was found guilty of discharging a loaded gun at Sir Francis Hopkins, in November last. BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. Mr. Cardwell was to move last night, that the house do meet every Wednesday, at twelve o'clock, for private business, and sit until six, unless business be sooner disposed of. That, - when disposed of, or at six precisely, notwith standing there may be business under discussion, Mr. Speaker - do leave the chair, without putting any question . That, whenever the house shall be in a committee at six, the Chairman immediately report progress, and ask leave to s't again, and when such leave has been given, Speaker leave the chair, without putting any question. Also, other motions for the g overnment of the house. IMPORTATIONS OF GRA IN FROM IRELAND.—During the past year we have imported no less than 256,265 quar ters of wheat and 52,7271t0ns of flour from Ireland alone. Besides. we imported 213,735 quarters of oats and 25,750 tons of oatmeal; yet this is the state of things when the repeal is fiercely agitated, and O'Connell, its leader, is corning over to vote for a repeal of the corn laws, which will give to foreigners the very market which Leland now enjoys. and whose advantages feed and 6othe her farmers ! Can we depend upon foreigners for this supply, when Ireland has ceased to find it worth her while to exert herself to afford it to us? FRUIT AND CAKE STANDS IN THE STREETS.—Yes terday, at the Police Court, a man, whose gingerbread board had been taken from him by a police-officer, and lodged in the Briciewell. as having therewith obstructed the street, applied to Mr. Rushton to have it restored. Mr. Rushton inquired upon what authority it had been taken possession of, he being apparently under the im pression that all that could be done in such cases was to drive the party away, and if he continued the obstruction, to proceed against him by information. The officer pro duced his printed book of instructions, issued from the Watch Committee, directing that boards, baskets, or the like, should, in such cases, be taken to Bridewell. Mr. Rushton appeared to be somewhat surprised, and directed the man to call uoon the head-constable to represent the case to him, and to say, that he (Mr. R.) would not in terfere. 1 - le had previously ordered the board, &c. to be restored to the owner. PRAYER BOOK AND HOMILY SoctETY.—We invite attention to an advertisement in our columns of this day, announcing a public meeting to be held in the Music Flail, 80ld -street, on Monday next, February 2od, in favour of this society. This society has proved itself most efficient in its labours to improve the moral charac ter of our seamen. and to promote the observance of the Lord's Day on board ships, when at sea. Its labours on shore have proved truly beneficial in promoting true reli gion, according to the sound doctrines of the scripture, set forth in the articles of religion, and other formularies and works of the Cnurch of England. And its foreign operations have greatly assisted the labours of Christian missionaries in many parts abroad. It is expected that the deputation from the Parent Society will give in detail many very interesting and striking facts resulting di rectly or indirectly from the society's labours both at home and abroad, who, we understand, will be supported by the speeches of the Rev. Hugh Mc. Neile, Rev. D.. Tattersball, Rev. J. H. Stewart, and others The so ciety's agents in the London river only, have visited or revisited, during the last twenty years, upwards of 50,000 ships, and other vessels. An agent has likel.,ise been ac tively and usefully engaged at Liverpool, in the same work, for the last ten years. We earnestly wish the society great and increasing success. TEMPTATIONS TO TRACTARIANISM.—The Rev. An thony Denison, having publicly expressed, through the newspapers, his gratitude to the author of " The Ideal Church," and to the proctors at Oxford for preventing the condemnation of Tract 90 principles of subscription, is forthwith rewarded by a living of £9OO a year from the Bishop of Salisbury, and an examining chaplainship by the Bishop of Bath and Wells! A second Anthony, Dr. Grant., tries to get rid, by a side-wind, of the condemna tion of Mr. Ward at Oxford, and his curate, Mr. Penny, having gone over to Rome, is himself rewarded by a pre bendal stall at St. Paul's, and the archdeaconry of St. Albin's, by the Bishop of London. Mr. Benjamin llar rison, late one of Dr. Pusey's Hebrew lecturers (the other two are already gone over to Rome), is presented with the archdeaconry of Maidstone, and a domestic chaplaincy, by the Archbishop of Canterbury ; and this week again, the Rev. Edward Churton, Rector of Crake, the intimate friend of the author of Tract 90, and whose name appears as thanking the proctors for preventing the condemnation of its principles (I suppose because he came forward at that period to testify in favour of M r. Newman's morality, and his "high and well-merited esteem for his charac ter,") is rewarded by the archdeaconry of Cleveland, by the Archbishop of York.—Church and State Gazelle. THE NEW LANDING STAGE AT GEORGE'S PIER. — We have seen the plans and specifications of the pon toons or iron boats that will support this landing stage ; and, for the information of our readers who are not likely to become es , imators for the work, and consequently could not obtain access to the plans, we give a few par ticulars respecting it. The stage will be constructed in a temporary dry dock at the north end of the town, and at such a height from the bottom as to allow the pontoons to be placed in their proper i.ositions under the stage. There will be thirty-nine of these pontoons altogether, which (except the two end ones, which are about three times as wide as the others) are 10 feet wide each, making, with the space between the pontoons, one stage about 500 feet long, tapered at each end so as to form two bows, to op pose the tideway. The sides of the stage, which, of It has always been maintained by us, that the mere amount of the raw material consumed in fur nishing the exports of the country was no satis factory test of the real value of our export trade ; but that such value was dependent upon the extent to which the price of such raw material had been enhanced by the amount of labour and skill em ployed in its preparation for foreign markets. Mere figures, stating that so many millions value of any article have been exported, whose raw material we do not produce, prove nothing beyond the employ ment of the country's capital. What we want to know is, by how much the country's industry has been employed and the people's comfort has been advanced. Hence ive have wished to see our ex ports consist of those articles upon which the fullest amount of human industry and skill has been employed ; and as affording evidence of a ~Q -tisfactory tisfactory aspect of our commerce viewed in this light, we congratulated the country upon the evi dence afforded by " Burns's Commercial Glance" for the first six months of the past year. The document before us, exhibiting the exports of the whole year, we are glad to say, shows similar results to the half-yearly statement upon which we last commented. It gives an increase in the extent of most of the perfected manufactures, and either a decrease, or a stationary position, in those upon which the smallest amount of skill is employed. Thus, the exports of cotton yarn in 1844 were 130,214,437 lbs., and in 1845, they were 131,937,935 lbs.,—an increase not at all in propor tion to the total increase of our exported cotton manufactures. Some most singular features, by the bye, are indicated under this head, which will furnish matters for comment at another opportu nity. At present, however, as affording an index of the progress of the trade in this branch of ex ports, we must state that in 1843, the yarns ex ported were 149,214,437 lbs., or considerably more than either of the last two years' exportation ; in 1842, 136,537,162 lbs., whilst the average of the five preceding years was under 110,000,000 lbs. The next item on the upward scale of importance is plain calicoes. Of these, the exports weie, course, will be the ends of the pontoons, are squ +re, so as to admit of the ferry-boats to come alongside ; and, while at this part of our description, we would recom mend the proprietors of the different ferries to have an overhanging platform to their boats, to be always parallel with the stage, so that passengers can land more quickly, or, in other words, pour into or on to the stage a whole broadside at once, which will be much better than wend- ing through a gangway, one after another, which takes up a great deal of time. There will be a man-hole in each pontoon, so as to repair any defects or get any water out, should there be any leakage. CONFERENCE OF REPEAL MEMBERS.—On Saturday a conference of repeal members took place in the Ccnci liation-hall, Dublin. The O'Connells attended, and Captain Seaver was called to the chair. On the motion of Mr. John O'Connell, a resolution was passed, " that the Irish members going over to London do hereby pledge themselves to oppose to the utmost all Government co ercive measures which shall be brought forward, if they are not accompanied by measures calculated to settle the differences as between landlords and tenants in Ireland." It was understood, however, that the meeting was not pledged to support a coercion bill, under any circum stances. Frequent allusion was made by the speakers to the advice of the Dublin Mail to form an Irish Conserva tive party, and Mr. O'Connell asked if any Conservative gentleman was present to propose the formation of such an Irish party, but no response was made. Mr. O'Con nell said he would be happy to act under the Conservative leader of such a party, if they could only establish it. The London Correspondent of the Mail, at the conclusion of his letter, in that paper of Friday, says, " Let Sir Robert propose such a plan as, while it disgusts the agriculturists, shall fail to satisfy the abolitionists, and a junction be tween the two becomes inevitable, and then may Sir Robert bid a long farewell to all his greatness." Mr. O'Connell quoted this passage in his speech, and uttered a solemn " amenr to it. THE PROGRESS OF IRON SHIPBUILDING IN LIVERPOOL. Amongst the numerous objects of interest which our :own presents, perhaps few are more important than the progress now making in the new and rising art of Iron Shipbuilding. We have opportunities of noticing this mbject, from the occasional launches of iron ships which take place from the various budding yards. There is now, however. more than usual activity in this branch of lusiness ; and were it not for the difficulty of obtaining men, and the unsettled state in which they are kept by continual combinations, there would be even more vessels The use of iron is not now confined solely to steamers. In these vessels it has for some years nearly superseded the use of timber. But we have now several iron sailing ships in course of construction, in which small auxiliary steam power is to be employed; and we have heard it stated—and, we think, with much correctness—that the use of iron in merchant ships, for long voyages, will be introduced in conjunction with the application of the screw propeller, to be worked in addition to sails. The several unsuccessful attempts to employ iron sailing ships and the screw propeller, have retarded their introduction ; but those best informed in such matters state, that the defects that have arisen are not necessarily attendant on the principle, but, on the contrary, that in the various trials which have been made, all the elements of success have been in one or other of them developed, requiring only a sound combination to establish the system perma nently. In our description of the works now in progress, it will be seen that, in addition to the regular steamers, several iron sailing ships, with auxiliary steam power, are building. The extensive new premises erected by Messrs. Vernon and Co., being highest up the river, first require attention, No expense has been spared by these builders to provide the most efficient means for carrying on their work. Three very fine ships are now on the stocks, two of which will be launched to-morrow. The first is the Windsor, of about 800 tons, building for the City of Dublin Company, from the plans of Mr. Grantham. From the fineness of the model great speed may be expected. She has a figure-head of William the Conqueror, the founder of Windsor Castle. The second vessel, of the same dimensions as the Windsor, is for the Cork Company, and is called the Ajax. The third is a very large steamer, of about 1300 tons, building for the Peninsular and Oriental Company ; this vessel is about half plated. Messrs. Vernon and Co. have also orders for two more steamers, one of about 700 tons, also for the Cork Company, and one of 300 tons for Fleetwood, from Mr. Grantham's plans. At Messrs. Hodgson and Co.'s works, Brunswick Dock, five iron vessels are now building. That nearest completion is about 250 tons, and is to be worked by a screw. She is intended for Buenos Ayres. The next is the " Antelope" of nearly 600 tons, intended as a packet ship between this port and the Brazils. She is of great length, and very fine lines, and is to be powerfully rigged. The next to her is a large vessel for the New York trade, to be about 1000 tons old measurement, or 1500 tons new. She is to be heavily rigged, and with four masts. These two last vessels are built from the plans of Mr. Grant ham, and are to be propelled by the screw, on his patent direct principle. Their performance is looked forward to with great interest, as likely to determine the success of this system for long voyages. Two other vessels are in this yard : one for Bombay, of about 300 tons, and one for the Woodside Ferry. Mr. Cato has orders for four vessel:. all from the plans of Mr. Grantham : one of 650 tons, lately launched but not yet completed, for the City of Dublin Company, to be worked by paddle-wheels. Also two vessels of 300 tons, and are for the same company, to be fitted with the screw-propeller, and rigged as three-masted schooners. We noticed the launch of one these in our last journal. Mr. Laird, the well-known builder at Birkenhead, has also five steamers in the course of construction. We lately noticed the launch of the large frigate, the " Bir kenhead," of 1400 tons, and then gave a full description of her. She is now receiving her engines in the Trafalgar dock, and looks remarkably well. Three other vessels are intended for the Folkstone station, to be similar to a beautiful steamer lately com pleted for the same line, named the " Prince Ernest," which has been highly approved of fur her speed and good qualities. The first iron steam vessel which appeared on the Mersey was built in Staffordshire, and came here in 1824, and the first that was built here, was constructed by Messrs. Fawcett, Preston and Co., in 1829; both of these were intended for the inland navigation of Ireland. They have been constantly at work, and are said to be still in good condition. While on this subject we may relate an interesting fact that lies come to our knowledge. In Mr. Grantham's work on iron shipbuilding he describes an iron steamer, the Aaron Manby, which was built in this country in 1821, and sent to the Seine, where she worked between Havre and Rouen. This steamer, with two others built about the same time, have been most severely worked and much neglected, but were, on examination lately, found to be in such good condition that a firm in Rouen has undertaken to lengthen them, preparatory to receiving new machinery, and being again fitted for service. THE ADVANCING PROSPERITY OF LIVER POOL INDICATED BY THE OPERATION OF ITS BUILDING SOCIETIES It has always been customary to adduce the number of depositors and the amount of deposits in the savings' banks as tests of the prosperity, or otherwise, of the mid dle and lower classes; and we lately applied this test most satisfactorily to the condition of our own community. There have, however, sprung up within the last few years a number of societies, ~ell secured and regulated by act of Parliament, which offer great temptations for gradual accumulation, superseding to a great extent the Savings' Bank, and whose operation ought to be considered when taking that institution as a test of prosperity, if their own flourishing condition is not itself the best test of the grow ing improvement of the condition and habits of a people. From a source, upon whose means of information and ca pacity of judging we can rely, we are enabled to lay the following data before our readers, with respect to the present condition of the most important, and in principle the most valuable of these societies—viz. the building so cieties—in Liverpool. There are of these societies, at present in active opera tion in this town, about 100, in which the receipts from depositors, for the purchase of property or for accumula tion, vary from £7O or £BO per month to £5OO or £6OO. The average of the whole, we are informed, is under estimated at £2OO a month. This will make, for each society, £2400 per annum ; and, for the whole, the amazing sum of £240,000 per annum ; deposited princi pally by the middle clas , es—by shopkeepers, artizans, cl-rks—and a portion even by the labouring classes. Upwards of two-thirds of this amount is estimated to be applied to the purchase or erection of buildings in Liver pool and its vicinity, thus accounting for the rapid growth of the town ; and the remainder is deposited simply for ac cumulation, and to reap the advantages which the societies afford. The average period over which the payments extend is 10 or 11 years ; at the end of which period the depositors, if they have purchased or built property, have such pro perty free, or if not, receive the amount of their payments in cash with the accumulated interest, fines, forfeitures, &c. We have thus the savings of the middle and working classes of the town, to the extent of two-thirds of their contributions to these societies—say £l6o,ooo—annually vested in the real property, and attached to the town and its interests; and, as a result of the successful working of the system, and its more general appreciation, a large number of the working classes, who have hitherto made no provision for old age or casualty, are aspiring and making strenuous efforts to be able to call their own the houses in which they live or some other tangible property. We are requested to announte — that the London Standard, containing Sir obert Peel's Speech, will leave London on 'ruesd night, by special express, and will arrive at the e of Messrs. WILLME it and SMITH, 32, Churet-street, on Vt, ednesday morning, at Five o'clock. M9RE PERVERTS.—On Sunday, at Birmingham, the Rev. Mr. Formby, rector of Ruardean, in Herefordshire, formerly of Brasenose College, and the Rev. Mr. Burder, who had been lately assisting at Ruardean, were received into the Romish Church by Dr. Wiseman. Last week, a passenger on the Sheffield railway, having for some cause neglected to leave the carriaLze at the sta tion for which he was booked, took the very rash step of jumping out of the carriage when at full speed, and coming in contact with some masonry, his head was li terally smashed, and instant death ensued. CHURCH EXTENSION.—Last night, a meeting was held in St. James's Church School-room, to promote the scheme of erecting new churches in Toxteth-park. Mr. Councillor Harbord was in the chair, and in a pleasing manner pressed the object on the ss mpathy of the meet ing. The other speakers were the Revs. D. D. Stewart and H. Hampton, Mr. Fisher, Mr. Harbord, surgeon, and Mr. Councillor Royden. Mr. Alderman Chilton was also present. RAILWAY COLLISION.—On Friday evening, the mail train on the Great North of England Railway was pro ceeding near the Lessay Station, and was rather earlier than usual, and was going at the rate of about ten miles an hour past the station, when another train was discovered in advance on the same line, and though the steam was put off instantly and the break applied, a violent collision took place, which broke the engines, damaged several of the carriages, and injured a number of passengers. One lady was cut much about the head and face, and one gentleman received a severe blow on the leg. It appears that the train run into was a coal train on the wrong line, it being changing from one to the other when the mail train was observed coming. PRICES OF IRON.—From the early part of June, 1822, to June, 1824. we find the extreme fluctuations to be 71. qtr r ton and 9/. per ton ; in the January following the iec wrls, however, advanced to 14/. per ton, although, again, in the same lyear, we find it it to have declined to 101. per ton—showing so large a difference, in so limited a period, as to afford conclusive evidence that the market was not in a healthy state. In 1826 and 1827 the highest quotation was 91. per ton, the lowest 81. per ton ; in 1828 it bad ag...in fallen to 71. per ton ; in 1829, to 6/. per ton ; in 1830 t..) 5/. lOs , and, again, in 1831, to 5/. ' • w hile, in 1832, the price had dropped to 41. 15s. In the latter part of 1833, prices again rallied ; and 71. was the quotation ; another drop, however, took place in the succeeding year, and, in 1835, we again find the price had fallen to 5/. 155., but advanced full 21. per ton before its close. In the suc ceeding year 1836, we find again another start—bars hav ing been sold at 111. per ton ; in 1837, :within twelve months, the price was again quoted at 61., and again an advance to 9/. taking place within some two or three months afterwards. The years 1838 and 1839 show the only fluctuations of from 9/. to 10/. ; but, in 1840, another reduction took place—the price in July of that year being quoted at 7/ 10s. In 1841 it had again further dropped to 51. 15s. ; in 1842 to 5/., and again, in 1843, to 41. ; while, in 1844, the highest price, we believe quoted is 61. In 1845 bars rose again to 101.. although a trifling decline has since taken place. NOVEL CASE UNDER THE NEW MERCHANT SEAMEN'S ACT. Yesterday, six seamen who had performed the voyage from this port to the river Bonny and back, in the ship Kingston, preferred two informations against the owners of the vessel, under the Merchant Seamen's Act,—the first for a short supply of provisions while on board ; and the second, for an insufficient supply of lime juice, vine gar, and sugar. The vessel belongs to Messrs. John and ItiChard Rollinson, one of whom appeared in Court, and stated in the outset, that he did not consider they were themselves amenable to the complaint,inasmuch as the ship had been chartered at so much a month for the voyage, by Mr. Harrison, (who was ready to take the re sponsibility), and they (the owners) had had nothing to do with provisioning the ship. Mr. Rushton said, that the Act imperatively threw the responsibility upon the owner or the captain, in such cases, in the same manner as in claims for seamens' wages ; and as the captain who took the vessel out bad died, he had no other resource but to hear the case as against the former. Mr. Rollinson said that, in that case he must submit; but, as he was not really to blame, if any wrong bad been done, he trusted the reporters of the press would represent that fact, so that he might not be placed in a false and indefensible position. Mr. Rushton said that, certainly, under the circum stances stated. no blame could be attached to the owners of the vessel, whatever were the result. Mr. Robert Norris, solicitor, appeared for the defence, and the witnesses being sworn, a seaman named Cheese man, and another named Woodward (the carpenter), Watson, and others gave evidence successively. From this, it appeared that, they had signed articles in the usual way, and that these articles specified the quan tity, and kind of provisions that should be served out, day by day. They sailed from this port on the 7th of May last, under Captain W. Miller, who died on the Coast about three weeks after their arrival. They pro duced a statement, written from time to time by two of them, setting f'rth the defalcations of provisions, &c., with the dates of the commencement and continuance of such short allowance. It appeared that about the 3d of July. half a pound of flour per week, per man, was stop ped, and nothing given in lieu of it. From the 18th of September they had no allowance of lime juice, &c. On the 2d November, the new captain put on board, put them again on full allowance, but they received no lime juice on the passage home, and for some time their allow ance of pork and beef was reduced from one half-pound to one quarter pound, and on one day a-week the pork was omitted. On the 22d November their pound each, per week, of sugar was stopped, and from the 25th of that month their allowance of beef and pork was reduced one quarter pound on each day when it was served. The vinegar was stopped on the 20th Decercber, as it fell short. There were various other items and circumstances men tioned, but they were of little importance. It is proper to state, however, that the complainants stated, that both Captain Miller (the deceased) and Captain Kneeves who brought the ship home, treated them with great kindness and consideration throughout; and that the fault of being short of provisions and other necessaries lay entirely with the cargo-master or captain, (named Dyson,) on the coast, who improvidently and wrongfully made away with the ship's stores. They spoke highly of both their sea captains. both having occasionally got them such small quantity of fresh meat as they could purchase. On one occasion, they had received from Captain Miller, on the coast, the hind-quarters of a goat, and from Captain Kneeves, on the passage home, some canisters of beef, and a pig, purchased by him at sea. The court was finally of opinion that no blame was to be attached to them, or to the owner or char. terers ; and that enough bad been put on board to serve the voyage, had it not been given away and improvi dently used by Dyson ; but that the act required that the men should be paid for the deficiency by the only tangi ble persons, the owners of the ship. A calculation was then made of the amount, and it was agreed to so far, as reasonable at 4d. per day, on each day of defalcation, making in all about 38s. 6d. to be paid to each man, sub ject, however, to a revision against to-morrow. Captain Kneeves was present, but as he could not say that the men had their full allowance throughout, though they had got all the ship had to give, he was not examined, as his testimony could not have altered the decision. FEARFUL DISASTER IN ALGERIA A letter from Setif, dated the 10th inst., gives the follow ing details of the disaster which has befallen the French column under General Levasseur " On December 12 or 13, Colonel Herbillon, of the 61st, commandant of the circle of Batna, left this point with two battalions of his regiment, to put a stop to the insur rection which threatened to extend to this country." The letter then gives an account of the operations from the 23d ult. to the 2d inst., which comprised a succession of butcheries, burnings, the razing to the ground of every house and hovel, the cutting across of every fruit tree, the destruction of every morsel cf food, and otherwise most completely depopulating and desolating various districts of the country. After this prelude, the letter proceeds— "On the 2d January, about three o'clock. the snow be gan to tall, blinded our eyes, and rendered the ground to tally impassable for the mules. On the 3d, after a night of continual snow, the column renewed its march. As it went on the snow still came down and covered the roads to the depth of eighteen inches, so that the troops could no longer find their way. At midnight they were in the middle of a vast plain without a morsel of wood for fir ing, the men dying with cold, and the Arab guides com pletely lost. The men continued to sink under hunger, cold, and fatigue, till a feeling of desolation pervaded all hearts, and order and discipline were at an end. The few tents there were became so crowded that the men stifled ea 7,11 other, amidst the groans of the dying. Never was so afflicting a spectacle seen since the Russian campaign. The dawn of the 4th came on at last, and all the men and baggage that could be mustered and collected moved on, the covalry taking the lead, towards Setif. which was about ten leagues off. The men had been two days with out food, and fell every moment from weakness and be came frozen. At four in the afternoon the cavalry reached Setif, and gave the sad news to the inhabitants, who hastened out to the assistance of the exhausted men, taking all their cattle and conveyances to bring in those who were no longer able to march—finding at every step unfortunate soldiers without shoes, and dying with cold and hunger. From the 4th up to the present day, we are every minute seeing men brought in by the inhabitants, but between two and three hundred are still missing." The Alyer , ie gives a sketch of the above disastrous af fair, which includes a statement that 30 officers have been taken into the hospital at Setif, with their extremities fro zen—the detachment of the African chasseurs had five men and several horses killed by the cold ; of the waggon train 15 are dead ; of the 431 of the line, which was mak ing its first campaign in Africa, the grenadier company has almost entirely disappeared, and nearly all,the mule teers put in requisition have perished. The Notfrie states, that on the Bth more than one-third of the column had not got back to Setif, consequently the fate of 800 men remained unknown. Lord and Lady Francis Egerton had the honour of dining with her Majesty on Saturday. The Rev. Dr. Booth, Vice Principal of the Collegiate Institution, bas, in consequence of his contributions to mathematical science, been elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. THE. EXCHANGE BUlLDlNGS.—Yesterday the annual meeting of the proprietors of the Exchange Buildings was held at the Cotton-Salesroom. R. S. Henderson, Esq., occupied the chair, and announced that during the past year the committee had considered the question of con verting the buildings into offices, but that, after a great deal of labour and discussion, they eventually came to the conclusion, that such a step would be extremely doubtful, and that the most judicious course to pursue would be to renew the leases for seven years. The leases were accordingly renewed, from the 31st of December last. Mr. Sodlow, secretary, read a statement of the financial accounts. from which it appeared that the re ceipts for the past year were upwards of £6OO over and above those of the year preceding. The accounts were approved, and ordered to be printed and circulated ; and upon the motion of Mr. T. Bolton, a dividend of 9 guineas per share was declared, and ordered to be paid. In lieu of five retiring members of the committee, the five fol lowing gentlemen were appointed :—Mr. Harwood Ban ner, Mr. Thomas Bolton, Mr. Henry It. Sandbach, Mr. Wm. Titherington, and Mr. James H. Wrigley. The committee were then authorised to act on behalf of the proprietors in such manner as they might think right, ex cept where restricted by the act of parliament ; and after a vote of thanks to the chairman, the meeting separated. We understand that Messrs. WlLLmmt - and SMITH will, on Wednesday next, by a special express, receive all the London Morning papers about noon. DECREASE OF CRIME WITH THE INCREASED PROS PERITY OF THE COUNTRY.—" My right hon. friend at the head of the Home Department stated that reductions had taken place in the number of commitments in the year 1842; in 1843 there was also a decrease; and the decrease in the commitments remarkable in 1813 and 1814 continued in 1845. The total number of commit ments in 1845 was 24,350, that is, 2,237 less than in the lowest preceding year, 1842—a decrease of f 4 per cent. on the crimes of the preceding year. In 1843 there was a decrease of 51 per cent. ; in 1844 a decrease of 10 3-10 per cent. ; in 1845 a decrease of 54 per cent., and all this in an increasing population. This decrease of crime in the last year has taken place in all the chief manufac turing districts, and not only in all the chief manufac turing districts, but, with the exception of five, there has been a corresponding and almost equal decrease in all the chief agriculturist districts. (Cheers.) What is the state of Wales? In Wales, the decrease of commit ments is more remarkable than in almost any other part of the kingdom. So much for actual crime. With re spect to crime connected with sedition, discontent, and disaffection to the Government,—why, in the last two years the office of the Attorney-General has been a sine cure. There has been no prosecution for seditious libel during the whole of the last year. Government has no right to take credit for lenity ; it is because the crime of sedition did not exist. 1840-1-2-3,—listen to this, and seriously consider it,—there were 1,257 persons commit ted on charges of seditious and serious offences. In 1843- 4-5, only 124 persons were committed so charged, instead of 1,257 ; while, in the last year, I believe there was not one. (Cheers.) In 1845 there were 422 persons sen tenced to transportation less than in 1842. In the last three years there were 1,701 persons sentenced to tran sportation less than in the three preceding years. (Cheers.) This has been during a period of comparative abundance, and low prices. Is it possible to resist the inference that employment, low prices, comparative abundance, contribute to the diminution of crime ?" (Loud cheers.)—Sir Robert Peel's Speech on the Debate. THE MACKEREL FISHERY.—Vast quantities of mack erel have been caught off Brighton during the last few days. Some of the boats have returned with 10,000 and 21,000 each, realising upwards of £lOO each boat. Jan. 27, 184(i. AMERICA. The packet-ship Shenandoah, bringing advices from America to the 3d instant, arrived here on Sunday. The political intelligence is unimportant. A steam-boat hid been " snagged", and some thirty lives lost , near. Net Orleans. Our Canadian accounts mention rumours Og Cabinet differences. Mr. Vigor, President of the Coun cil, and the Hon. General Morris, the Receiver-General. are stated to head the antagonist forces, and the Montreal Pilot and Minerve journals respectively anticipate that I rupture would ensue. The parliament had been pro rogued to the ith or February next. CorroN.—The market has been inaceve this week, with the exception of Wednesday last, when about SOO bales were taken for the French market. Prices continue to have a downward tendency. The sales of the week amodilt to 4,400 bales. The exports and receipts from the Ist September to the 30th of December are as follow : Total export 348,000 bales, last year 402,000, and year before 231,000. To Great Britain 245.000 bales, hit year 241,000, and year before 152,000. Receipts 582,0 00 bales, last year 708,003, and year before 645.000. Stocks 241,000 bales, last year 325,000, and year before 377,0 00 bales. FREIGHTS.—There is but little cotton offering for Europe at present. Flour, &e. is also going forward less freely, and rates are rather heavy. To Liverpool, cotton, square and round hales, per lb. 3-16 d. to id. ; wool, id.; seeds, per tierce, 7s. to Bs. • beef, (304 lbs.) Cs. 6d. to 75.; beef and pork, per barrel, ds. ; flour, 35. 3d. ; turpentine, 4s. to 4s. 6d. ; leather, per lb., 5-16 ; heavy goods, pet ton, 30s. to 355. ; grain, per bushel, 10d. COAL.—A cargo of Liverpool Orrel coal has been dig posed of at seven dollars, four and six months, leaving the market bare of foreign coal afloat. Other description , remain without alteration. FURTHER INTELLIGENCE-IMPORTANT, After the foregoing was in type, we received, by the packet-ship Henry Clay, which arrived here last night, advices from New York to the 6th instant. _ The intelligence trom Washington is important. In the House of Representatives, on the 2nd instant, the celebrated John Quincy Adams expressed the following opinions and declarations, which we copy, with all the extra flourishes, from the New York Herald:— " Ist. That the conventions of joint occupancy of Oregon, of 1818 and 1827, were not for a joint occupation of the soli but for a joint right or privilege to both parties to trade an navigation in the whole of the Oregon territory ; and that no right to an inch of the soil had been conceded by either party, through these conventions. " 2cr. From his view of the paramount obligation to the faith ful observance of treaties, all measures, such stockade forts, mounted riflemen, sappers and - miners, were out of place; but the first step should be the giviir , the twelve months' notice, which should have been passed on the first day of the session, and for which he was willing to vote to-day or to-morrow. " [Here Mr. Wentworth rose and move a a suspension of the rules, with a view of introducing such resolution, but was de clared out of order.] " 3d. That after the expiration of the twelve months' notices we should proceed to occupy the whole of the Oregon territory, up to 54 40. [Great cheering in the house and in the galleries, the Speaker joining in with his hammer, ostensibly to bring the house to order, but, from the rapidity of his rap-rap-raps, involuntarilyioiningin the applause.] . " 4th. He .. crid not that war would follow as an inevi table consequence of the twelve months' notice. We could, an Frederick the Great did in Silesia, occupy the whole territory, and negotiate afterwards. He hoped in God, as it had been declared there would be but one party in the country in the event of a war, if such a result were to follow, that such would be the case; and if so, they should not only maintain the whole of Oregon, but expel the authorities of Great Britain from the Canadas. [Renewed applause all round the house, and espe cially in sleepy hollow, and in the galleries.]" On the 3rd several members of the house spoke strongly, and appeared to vie with each other who could make the greatest display of unmeaning menaces against Great Britain. " Mr. Ingersoll was for peace ; but if war comes, !hen no peace white an inch of English territory remains on the continent." Mr. Baker, of Illinois, was in favour of all of Oregon, every sand and shell that glittered on her shore. He was the only Whig representative of 50,000 men in the west. These men, poor as they are. would fight for Oregon. Whether duty called them to Quebec or New Orleans or the lakes, there would this western blood be poured out in defence of the nation and her rights." Several other members having spoken, the house ad journed, and the 3rd being Saturday, we have no further debate. The Herald acknowledzes that Mr. Adams said " a little too much, and by crossing into Canada disclosed the secret of his otherwise anomalous attitude upon the Oregon question." Our contemporary, in another place says, that, " the largest portion of the Whig party, or at least a.large portion intend to unite with the war a nd western democrats, in support of the strongest measures relative to the Oregon question, and then adds in ap parently the coolest manner possible, " we are not sure. therefore, but it is the best policy for Congress to adopt the plan recoa.mended by Mr. Adams—to give notice at once, and prepare future measures, without any regard to the measures of Great Britain or any other power. If such measures should produce a conflict between the two countries, the onus will be thrown on the shoulders of Great Britain ; and if the conflict should take place on the Oregon question, the b , itile will be fought on the banks of the St. Lawrence, and not on the shores of the Colum bia. The United States. at the present moment, occupY a proud and eminent position among the nations of the earth, and the best policy to adopt in securing this posi tion, is to take the strongest measures consistent with the faith of treaties and the law of nations." Mr. Pakenham, it is said, is greatly alarmed lest his efforts to compromise the difficulties between the Ameri can government and ours should not succeed. He has made overtures to Mr. Buchanan, who was waiting for instructions from the British government; and as We know from the speech of Sir Robert Peel on Friday night that those instructions comprised a renewed offer of com promise, we may yet expect a peaceable termination to all this warlike bluster. The most savage of the. American journals is obliged to confess that " their administration is anxious for a compromise, but outwardly in favour of war." Great excitement existed as to whether Mr. Allen's resolution to dissolve the joint occupation between Eng land and the States, of the Oregon territory would pass. It is stated confidently that Mr. Pakenhana has written to his government to apprise it that the twelve months' notice will not be given; that is, that Mr. Allen's reso lution will be defeated by the Senate. Considerable anxiety was felt to learn what effect the President's message had produced on the British public, and a much more warlike result was anticipated than that which they will find to be the case. The weather in the States was very similar to what we are experiencing here—mild and spring like. From Canada the intelligence is not important. There is the greatest activity on the frontier in military pre parations, and a number of military engineers are said to have gone out by the last steamer. It is said that sir George Clark has been offered the Governor -Generalship of Canada. President Polk is said to have despatched Dr. White as a special messenger to Oregon, and the New Orleans Picayune states that the Mexican government has sent a minister to Washington with instructions to settle on a boundary line between Mexico and Texas, and such an one as will give satisfaction. VERY LATE FROM H AYTI.—The schooner Silas Wright , Captan Conklin. from yesterday from Port au Prince witb advices to the 13th ult. We learn from her that the French admiral had deter'. mined to blocliade Port au Prince and bombard the 0;00 if the Haytiens did not pay 16.000 dollars as an indemnity to the French Consular agent recently driven thence. The blacks at Hayti, it is said, are becoming very le' solent to foreigners. NEW YORK COTTON MARKET, JAN. GTH.—The m arket continues inactive. No sales of any consequence were reported to-day. Holders are rather more inclined to ac' cept offers, however, and to sell any considerable parcel; luwer rates must be accepted. LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATION. Upl. & For. Mobile & N• o ' to 6A- to 61 61 to 7 , 4 - 71 to 7 to 8 Si to SI 9 to 9 91 to 9 10 to 10,1 Inferior .. Ordinary ..... Middling ..... Good middling. Middling fair .. Fair . . 61 to 6 61 to 61 7 to 7* 7R to 7i 71 to 8 to 81 8.1 to Si 81 to 9 Fully fair Good fair Fair ..... The value of the aggregate exports from New York ~fof the year 1845, was nearly two millions of dollars less tba" in 1844. Th , s falling off was caused by the reclneedZ portation of specie io 1845, compared with 1844. , value of merchandise exported in 1845 was greater tba" in 1814. LATEST FROM THE RIVER PLATE. -- We have been favoured by a perusal of private lette m ri from Buenos Ayres, b ro u g ht by a S ar di n i an vess el '7, Monte Viler), with date to the 23rd N ovem b er , thr e e days later than our l as t a d v i ces . Th e only news tbei bring is that matters, so far as relates to the relations b e ; tcy een Buenos Ayres and Mo n t e Vid eo, rema i n i n s ta t e , , quo, the negociatioas bet ween th e f ormer state an d t_... 11 parties to the interventio n —G rea t B r i ta i n an d F ra n having made no progress. The Archbishop o f C an t er b ury h as nom i na t e d the . idl. 4 0 , C. B. Dalton, one o f t h e Bi s h op o f London's to the rectory of St. Mary's, Lambeth, vacant by the 0 mise of the Rev. D r . D'O y l e y. Th e rev . gen tl em an t e some weeks since married to the eldest daughter of I' bishop of London. fi ter) HUNTING MISHAP.—MISS BeOth (the lady nu- t be received a ducking the o t h er d a y w hil s t h un ti n g wi th it Milton hounds, and was extricated from a cold bath• tb e is said Miss Bo o th moun t e d h er stee d an d f o ll o wed o r hounds with the same spirit as before the mishaP curred.—C'ambridge Press TIDE TABLE. DArs. I EITN• 'HEIGHT' HOLYDAYS. I> .....1 ..-..... ...-....••••••••• Tuesday 27 10 56 Wednes. 28 11 45 Thurs... 29 o g Friday.. 3 0 53 Saturday 31 1 38 Sunday. 1 2 23 Monday. 2 3 g 11 21 ' 19 0 - 20 8 0 31 21 2 1 16 21 2 2 1 19 11 2 45 18 2 3 33 16 1 4th Sunday a fter SP /11* 4 LIVERPOOL : TUESDAY, JANUARY 27, 1846. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED TUESDAY MORN 1 EVERY BY JOSHUA FLETCHER LACE, of SS. Grows-street. sat LEONARD ADDISON, of 14, Great Orford street. ♦t No. 4, Ss. thsoass's Cassell:yr, Ltireareos, T .„46 ...Ti kt l j, Dor t eP424.1 1)1•P i Rp, e _ ept'l Ile Li \ Pe,