The Northern Daily Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-10-22 00:00:00

G EO. HOLT, ACCOUNTANT, 25, SOUTH JOHN-STREET, - LIVERPOOL. TO COFFEE DRINKERS COMPARE SI4ARPE and CO.'S COFFEE 14, EXCHANGE-STREET EAST, With any other, and you will admit it to .be the best you have ever tasted. Only one quality.-1s 6d per lb. No sold. other article CATHOLIC INSTITUTE, HOPE-STREET. THE VERY REV. DR. 'NEWMAN'S LECTURES will be resumed on MONDAY EVENDTG NEXT, the 24th instant. Tickets may be had at the Institute, 8, Hope-s THE STEAM-SHIP GOLDEN AGE FOR AUSTRALIA. ~'~l V~ Is now ON VIEW in the HUSKISSON DOCK; She is largest and most magnificently fitted steam ship in the world.—For Cards of Admission apply to MILLERS & THOMPSON, 4, Drury-lane, Liverpool., p RISBY DYKI Lord-street, , . respectfully announce that they are prepared to low a large Assortment of Autumn Novelties, m their various departments. ILKS, in Bayadere, Moire Antique, and rich Brocaded Robes. New Checked, Striped, and Barred Glaces; Black Ducapes, Satins, Satinettes, Silks, Velvets, Flushes, and Terrys.—FßlSßY, DYKE, and CO. FRENCH and British Wove SHAWLS Canton Crape Squares, Wool Shawls in Twedes Shepherds, and Clan Tartans.—FßlSßY mud CO., Lord-street. DVIU MANTLES. —The Talma, in Genoa, Lyons, and British Velvets. The Gertrude, Maude, Ophelia, Venise, Viola, Spanish and Cardinal, in cloths various FRISBY, DYKg, Also Mourning Month FASHIONS in -MILLINERY, compriain- e,. Satin, Terry, with the new Bonnet ala Eugenie. Caps and Head Dresses of every description. —FRISBY, DYKE, and CO., Lord-street. PUMNAL G 1 Martin Sable, French Sable, Mink, Chinchilla, Kolensky, Musquash, Squirrel, RISBY, DYKE, and CO., Lord-street. URS Ermine, an's Dow STRAW BONNETS.—Chenille and Velvet Mix tures, Cordenette, whole Straws, Rice, Devon, Lustre, Tuscan, Lutons, Leghorns, Chips, Crinoline and Satin Ladies' and Childrens' Stays.—FRISBY, DYKE, Straws, and Co —A large assortrpent of Parisian jrt and British novelties in Tartan Plaids, and Brocade' Gold and Silver Tinsels, Belt Ribbons, Paw - French Flowers.—FltlSßY, DYKE, and Co IBBONS CE S .—Honiton, Valenciennes, Maltese, Thread, and Limerick Tlabit-shirts, Sleeves, Collars, ts Lace, Mantles, Jackets, and Falls; Flouncinn FRISBY, DYKE, and La' Edging and Co. tion - s, Sewed Musliis BOOTS and SHOES for Ladies and Children in every variety and fashion suitable for the season. American Goloshes, Ladies' White and Black Satin Dress Shoes.—FRISBY, DYKE, and Co. TADIES' and Childrens' Hosiery -in Cotton, 4 T Merino and Lambs' Wool. Ladies' and Childrens' underclothing, Polka Jackets, Gloves, &c., in great variety. —FRISBY, - DYKE, and Co, Lord-street. DRESSE S, in Bayadere and Embroidered, Robes, Fancy Spun, and Wool Tartans, French Merinos and Delaines, Australian C:•apes, Coburgs, Circas sian Cloths, Challis, &c.—FRISBY, DYKE, and Co. PRlNTS.—Calicoes, Sheetings, Long Cloths, Flannels, Scotch and Manchester Muslins, Checks, Ready-made Printed Cambric Morning Robes, -FRISBY, DYKE and CO. Ginghams, Eveninr Dresses.— TRIMMINGS for Dresses and Mantles, in Fringes, Gimps, Braids, Velvets, Drawing Ribbons, Buttons, Ornaments, Tassels and Girdles, Berlin Wools and Patterns ; Reticules, Perfumery, Soap.—FRISDY, DYKE, and CO. ALarge Stock of allkinds of FAMILY MOURN ING. Funerals Furnished most economically by FRISBY, DYKE, and CO., Lord-street. GE NTLE ME N'S Bandannas, Scarfs, Ties, Shirts, Fronts, Collars, Stocks, Gloves, Poncho and Railway Wrappers; Cotton, Merino, and Scotch Wool Vests ; Drawers and Hose ; Carpet Bags.—FRISBY, DYKE, and CO. Ir7i U R N ISHING —Damasl Moreens, _ll2 Chintzes, Table Covers, Cornices and Poles, Oil Baizes, Blankets, Quilts, Counterpanes, Plain and Fancy Window llollands. Upholsterers' Trimmings in Variety.—FßlSßY, DYKE, and CO., Lord-street. TINENS of Guaranteed Fabrics ; Irish, Scotch, j T and Barnsley Sheetbvs ; Damask and Diaper Table Linen ; Huckabaek and other Towellings; Brown Holland, Lawn Handkerchiefs, Glass Cloths.—FRISBY, DYKE, & CO. Ott gpait FOR SALE, The splendid Brigantine DARING, built at St. John's, New Brunswick, in 1849, and has done but little work since Wit, and hai been very well taken care of, nearly all hackmatac, copper fastened, iron kneed, exceedingly well found in every par ticular and in very good working order. She is 152 tons N.M. and 233 O.M. _ _ _ Length Breadth Depth ... . .13 feet. She will be disposed of as she now lies, in the Queen's Dock, so soon as the cargo is discharged. Further particulars can be had by application to HOLDERNESS & CHILTON. NOTICI The Proprietors of the NORTHERN DAILY TIMES have now completed their arrangements for securing the delivery of the paper at the follming places every morning, at, or before eight o'clock. BIRKENHEAD WOODSIDE TRANIVIERE ROCK FERRY WATERLOO SEAFORTH BOOTLE WALTON lEVERTON FAIRFIELD AIGBITRTH. TO CORRESPONDENTS Whatever is intended for insertion must be authenticated by the name and address of the writer; not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of his good faith. Ve cannot undertake to return rejected communications, All communications, Books for Review, etc.i to be for warded to the Editor must be addressed to the Publisher, CHARLES WILLMER, and those from London may be sent to the care cf Messrs. Simpldn, Marshall, and Co. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1853 Wz have no further information to add to-day respecting the Russo-Turkish embroglio ; and the Paris journals are entirely barren on this question It is not likely we shall have any additional news before the 25th, when it is thought the CZAR'S de- termination will be known as to whether or no he means to withdraw his forces from the Princi polities An annuity of 2000 francs has been bestowed upon the parents of the late Lieut. BELLOT, by the EMPEROR of France This generous grant is to descend to the brothers and sisters of the deceased, who, it will be recollected, lost his life in the Arctic regions, while on an exploring expedition in search Of Sir JOHN FRANKLIN theatre at Compiegne was honoured on Monday last with the presence of the EMPEROR and the EMPRESS. The elite of the town attended; and their Majesties were most enthusiastically received The Moniteur contains an important report from M. DIIPOS, Minister of Marine, on the increased naval force of' France At Tours many political arrests have taken The trial of the conspirators of the Opera Comique, charged with organizing a plot to assas- sinate the EMPEROR, will not come on before the early part of next month An accident occurred to the Madrid mail on Thursday, which prevented its due arrival at Pads. An engineer and stoker lost their lives in the collision, and several persons were seriously wounded THE position of the great industrial conflict at Preston is assuming daily a more fierce and formid able aspect. All struggles of magnitude produce a variety of novel features. We have, in the present case, to notice one or two which are worthy of careful investigation. The question of strikes, has, for some time, assumed a character of com bination which does not confine itself simply to the exaction of an advance of wages, but, which, aims at the establishment of co-operative projects, with self-employment. There can be no doubt that the strike at Preston is more or less connected with this self-employment movement, which has been so warmly received and supported in other manufacturing towns. And, as it must inevitably bring the whole industrial relations of this country under review, it behoves us to examine, with the utmost care, the whole bearing of the question, in order to arrive at a just solution of the all important problem. In venturing on this inquiry it must be remem bered that there are two distinct classes of employ ment with which >we have to deal. One, and by far the most general, is sustained by the exchange of productions; and the other is dependent wholly on cash sales. For example, the weavers' productions are exchanged for the productions of other countries, and pass current, as it were, all over the world; while the printer, tailor, and shoe maker must rely for support on the demand of a more limited circle, which may be influenced for better or worse by a _variety of mere local circumstances. Fortunately for England, the great bulk of our population is engaged in the production of exchangeable commodities. This is, in truth, the real source of our greatness in trade and com merce ; and any event which threatens to disturb the established relations of production, must be viewed with the most earnest solicitude. In the exchange of productions we have no uniform basis on which we can act. Every State with which we trade, regulates its standard of remuneration to suit its own particular views. On the continent of Europe the political idea •is to keep down the standard of remuneration to the lowest level, and at the same time to vary and increase production in order to economise their resources ; while the maintenance of the highest known standard of wages is the ruling principle of legislation in the United States. Thus we have a great variation in the exchange of production to contend with. The average of wages in America being five shillings a-day, and the average in England, say, three shillings ; it fol lows, that in the exchange of productions bets een the two countries, the English producer has to give one and two-fifths of a day's produce for one day's produce of the American artisan. Thus, the gain to America is as three to five. This extraordinary advantage has accrued to America from her legislating in favour of labour, and leav ing the realization of individual and national profit to progressive production. In England the great ruling principle is very different. Here our power of production is limited to a fixed amount of money, or capital, and beyond this limit neither the pro ductions of a local, or those of an exchangeable character, are suffered to proceed. In our commercial relations with India, China, and continental Europe, we have a state of things directly opposed to that with which we have to contend in the States ; and, indeed, Australia, and all other countries, where the standard of remune ration is higher than it is in England. Let us take the standard of remuneration in France, Holland, Russia, Austria, and Belgium, at one shilling a-day, and an advanced standard of wages for England, say of five shillings a-day ; it must necessarily follow, that England receives five days' produce from those countries for one day's production of the English operative. The gain to England, then, in the exchange of produc tions, is as five to one. Many 'of the states of Europe, more especially France, - Belgium, and Prussia, are fully alive to the great disadvantages under which they labour; and while their rulers repudiate the idea of raising the standard of wages, they are endeavouring to manufacture for them selves, with the view of supplying their own wants, and thus they have become large competitors in this country for our skilled labour. With respect to the co-operative system, it is also worthy of: notice that as far back as the time of Louis XIV., we find it was introduced into France, but failed, notwithstanding that a strong national feeling existed in its favour. Under the Republican regime of '4B it was revived as a great state necessity, and although sustained by the national Exchequer, it again fell to the ground. It is now, however, being revived again under semi-state patronage. To account for the failure of the co-operative scheme in France, we need urge no stronger reason than the position we have shown her to have held in the exchdnge of productions, with her largest customers, England and America. In predict ing the failure of the self-employment project . in England, we want no stronger justification than the patent fact, that the power of production in this country is limited, and must be measured by the money, or bona fide capital, in hand at the com mencement of any undertaking. This is a point irrevocably settled, and is sanctioned and sustain ed by the genius of the age. That money = which is, after all, the only capital available in production— will continue to flow into this country most rapidly is very certain ; but in what direction will it flow and accumulate ? A certain portion must, fortu nately for us all, reach the pockets of the worthy operative, and although he may find himself in a better condition than he has been in for many years, still he must not mistake easy circumstances for actual money-power. This, in the course of that gigantic competition, which the co-operative sys tem suggests, and will encounter—must be con fined to the actual amount of money in the opera tives' hands. A system, it matters not how just or how good, when tried as an experiment, will meet no favours in trade ; therefore no accommodations can be granted. Here, then, the whole project becomes destructively antagonistic to commercial necessities and trade usage. To embark in such projects as undertaldngs without risk or probable losses, is a very fatal mis take. The history of production is one of universal vicissitude and disaster; while to direct and sus tain it on the vast and comprehensive scale which it has attained in the manufacturing districts of the North of England, is a task that has baffled the wisdom of the greatestslegislators, statesmen, and political economists. It remains, then, for the ca pitalist, manufacturer, and operative, to Weigh carefully the great material facts which surround their respective interests and positions, and by some rational concessions, and mutual good feel ing, endeavour to meet the apparent difficulties of trade and wants of their country. THERE is one great Despot in the world, com pared with which all others are powerless. His dominions are not confined within one narrow spot of land. No ocean forms the boundary line of his territorial rights Wide as the universe is his command. Wherever the human family is to be found, there he exercises a potent and almost irresistable sway. The serfdom he demands is not merely the prostration of the body. The higher power of the mind must bend to his tyran nical jurisdiction. This mighty Autocrat is IGNORANCE ; and his subjects are to be found in teeming numbers not alone in the most darkened, but in the most en lightened nations. Our highest civilization may combat, but it cannot destroy, the Usurper. He has been found impervious, as yet, to any weapon used against him. Invincible in strength, he marches forth conquering and to conquer. Supreme in majesty, he prostrates monarchies, subdues kingdoms, and frustrates the designs of Councils and Cabinets. Some wise Governments, solicitous for their own safety, have arrayed armed battalions against this Invader of human rights and liberties. They en deavoured by " one fell swoop" to arrest his pro gress and subvert his power. But they failed in the attempt ; partly from deficiency of force, and partly from want of the proper skill in its appli ance. It is a strange anomaly, that one of the most civilized nations of the earth, should have this Tyrant's subjects nestling, in myriads, within its very bosom. True, our Government and society have taken earnest steps to diminish their number, by freeing them from his iron grasp. The worst and most degraded, however, have either escaped their notice altogether, or else have been given up as hopelessly irreclaimable. A few benevolent individuals, with noble hero ism, pure philanthropy, and hopeful spirits, took up the cause of this unhappy class. Undetered by difficulties; undaunted by dangers; in the face of every obstacle, they set to work right manfully to accomplish their mighty task. " Ragged Schools" were founded ; but slow at first was the progress made. Of course, the difficulties were Alpine that presented themselves in the outset of this noble career. The idea was laughed at as Utopian; and those who advocated it weie re garded as impracticable philanthropists or sheer incapables. But the absence of public sympathy alone was not the most insurmountable of the obstacles that had to be combated. The chiefest arose from the callous dispositions and stunted intellects which seemed to resist every endeavour made to soften and improve them. We ourselves have visited Ragged Schools when first they were established in the Metropolis. There we have repeatedly witnessed scenes of a cheering, as well as of a most painful description. We have observed the self-denying devotion of the teacher to his onerous duty—have noticed his equanimity of temper, under the most trying provocations —his patience under the gr3ssest insults—and his perseverance withal, in spite of the greatest discouragements. We have known him to be maltreated—to have his clothes torn to pieces—, and the school-room windows to be demolished in his presence. The interference of the police was a thing of. constant occurrence ; and the teacher, out of regard to his personal safety, had often to procure a bevy of them to surround the immediate locality of his school. Here was con gregated the youth of the most depraved portion of our population. Most of them acknowledged —all reputed thieves or • vagabonds. Here the young culprit just come -out of Milbank Peniten tiary would look in to have a " lark," or indulge his sateless craving for some devilment or another, until the next day's felony deprived him of the power of indulging in the repetition of his nefarious pranks. The mass of misery, of physical and mental degradation, which the London Ragged Schools at first presented, cannot be described; and, assuredly, it required an Herculean power to combat successfully. The children of parents, themselves degraded to the lowest condition of social life—with hereditary bad mental organiza tions and vicious physical tendencies—rendered all the more developed from habit and con tageous influences—form a class, upon whose im provement and elevation, the psycologist and •the philanthropist may well employ their experiments, and exhaust their ingenuity. Happily, many good effects have already resulted from their labours; and we experience in the immense increase of those praiseworthy institutions, the earnest of further benefits for that unhappy class, whose existence presents a singular contrast to our social advance ment, and which may be regarded as a gangrene eating into the heart and threatening the life of the nation. The report of the Liverpool Ragged School Union, for the past year, has been forwarded to our office. From it we obtain the statistics of the number attending those establishments ; and we are fairly shocked at the multitude of wretched victims of vice :and ignorance who swarm in this town. The report states, that the number of children attending Ragged Schools, was about 2,700, but that during the past year there has been an increase of about 500 others. Upwards of 1,500, it is said, are able to read, whilst - about-350 have been provided with situations, and are conducting themselves satisfactorily to their employers ; and are likely to become respectable members of society. The character of the attendants at those schools is thus given :—" These children are almost, with out exception, of the very lowest class, accustomed to the aspect of vice in its worst and most revolting forms, and who, but for the instruction conveyed through Ragged Schools, would have remained as ignorant as the most degraded savage." Among the testimonials awarded to those schools, we are glad to be enabled to refer, with the Committee, to that of the RECORDER of LIVERPOOL, who, in his charge to the Grand Jury at the last February Sessions, adverting to the fact, that the crime in this town was diminishing, gave it as his opinion, " That among the influences tending to the pre vention of crime, the institution of Ragged Schools stood conspicuous." Such testimony must be very encouraging to all engaged in the beneficent labour of rescuing from the•hot-beds of crime and misery the juvenile por tion of our degraded population. To " teach the young idea how to shoot" is always a noble work. "To what object," says PLUTARCH, in his compari son of NUBIA and LYCURGUS, " could NumA have directed her attention than to the culture of early youth?" But it is a far nobler and more meritorious duty to endeavour to lift out of the slough of vice the youthful criminal—to pour in even one ray of light into his demented mind—to breathe en couragement to his despairing heart—to aid in making him an honest man—and thus save society from experiencing those evils which otherwise most inevitably would be entailed upon it. We think there is sufficient data to prove that the diminution of crime is commensurate with the spread of knowledge. How essentially, then, it behoves our Government to examine into the matter THE NORTHERN DATIX TIMES. endeavour to render the educational machinery tive than it now is. system of education that should embrace, in its wide grasp, even those miserable unfortunates, now only cared for by a few benevolent individuals, the schools for the instruction of whom are entirely dependent upon eleemosynary charity? If ignorance be a man's foe and a nation's bane, the scfBner the monster is Crushed the better. The annual expense of sup porting our prisons and transporting our felons, would educate the entire population of Great fl i ta* whilst society would be saved from being victimised continually, and our country relieved from the just reproach which such an inconceivable mass of crime and misery reflects upon it. These are grave considerations, which sooner or later must be grappled with.- However, the less procras tination the better. We do not want good inten tions—they are generally good for nothing. Dr. JOHNSON says that "hell is paved with theth;" and we all knew the old distich, which is not so valuable for its antiquity as for its suggestiveness : of this country far more eff Why is it not possible to have 1 ‘ The devil was sick, the devil a monk would be— . The devil got well—the devil a monk was he !" What we want—what the necessity of the case de mands—is, practical and immediate exertion. This is pre-eminently the age of action ; and it will not:do for governments, :or the governed, to sit down in dreamy listlessness, whilst such a despot as Ignorance, with his illimitable forces, stalk forth to subdue our country and enslave our population. The mot d'ordre of the vanguard of civilization should be—" Up boys, and at them!" COUNTY COURT. v --ESTERDAI (BEFORE JOSEPH POLLOCK, ESQ.) ESTATE AGENTS—JACOB a. JZWITT. —The plaintiff, Mr. Jacob, an estate a g ent, sued the defendant, Mr. Jewitt, chart-seller, South John-street, for the sum of £7 10s. commission, at the rate of one per cent. upon a house near the Old Swan, for which he had paid £750. Sir George Stephen appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Aspinall for the defendant. The question raised in this case was, whether Mr. Jacob could establish a claim to the per tentage, seeing, that after a conversation between them about some houses to be let, the defendant himself negotiated with the land lady for the purchase of the house for which was paid £750. His Honor, in giving judgment, said as there were other conversations between the parties, in which the plaintiff did not allude to his claim, he should take it that the one now sought _to be establised, as a business transaction, was not really so, and he should therefore non-suit the plaintiff. SUBMISSION TO A. THREATENED STRIKE.—RANSON V. MAJOR.—The plaintiff is a journeyman blacksmith, and the defendant is Mr. John Major, Brunswick-dock, ship builder, and the action was brought to recover £1 19s 4d. wages, for 70 days. It appeared that Mr. Major agreed to employ the plaintiff by the wee k ; but th e l a tt er not being a club-man the other men refused to work with him, and called upon Mr. Major to discharge him. With this dicta tion Mr. Major complied, he discharged the plaintiff on Wednesday night, but refused to pay him for the week, the term for which he had been employed. He contended that there were only four days and a quarter, overtime included, due to the plaintiff, and he accordingly came into court to justify this tender. The plaintiff on being sworn, stated that he had been employed by the week, by Mr. Major, that he had worked lg day over-time, in addition to the ordinary three days, durinc , which he was occupied, and that he was:discharged by Mr.' Major, at the dictation of this men, simply because he was not a club-man, and refused to become one. A gentleman from Mr. Major's office admit ted that what the plaintiff had stated was true, and that the only objection to his being continued in the employment was his not being a club-man. His character and ability were unexceptionable, and Mr. Major , told him that he would not have discharged him had he not been compelled to do so by his men. His Honor said that the claim of the plaintiff was a perfectly just and proper one, and he exceed ingly regretted to observe the nature of the defence set up against it. The plaintiff had been engaged for aweek, and if Mr. Major chose to submit to the illegal dictation of his men, and discharge the plaintiff, he was not on that account to refuse to him what was justly his due from th 6 nature of the agreement between them. Plaintiff was willing to work,lto do: it honestly and fairly, and by so doing to earn his daily bread ; but it would be a sad thing if he were now to suffer both from the conduct of the master and his savants. The servants combined against him, and said he should not work because he would not enter into a club ; and then the master turned round and said he would not pay him, because the men had combined against him. The representative of Mr. Major here observed, that that gentleman did not wish to lischarge the man, but that it would have been a very serious matter for him to have kept him in opposition to the men. had he done so, they would have all struck in the yards.— His Honor : In other words, Mr. Major owes this man the money : he engaged to keep him for a week, but it is more convenient for him to obey the illegal dictation of the club, than to pay this man the honest earnings on which his sup port depends. If Mr. Makir chose to do that—if he be willing to submit to the dictation of his men, and will not pay the workman who works honostly and well for him, he may be certain that he will encourage his men to strike, and that his own conduct will recoil on him. He ought to be the last man, as a matter of policy, to do as he has done ; but as a matter of justice, nothing is clearer than that the wages claimed are due to the plaintiff. The refusal of the men to work with the plaintiff, is no reason why Mr. Major should refuse to pay him ; and I am sorry to hear such a defence set up by a master, for it would be the most injuri ous thing for the masters themselves, if such a course were allowed to prevail. And it is the more unfortunate still, that a master should suppose,- because his men dictated to him, that he was therefore relieved, in law and justice, from paying to his workman what is really his due. The plain tiff's claim is a most just one, and I have great pleasure in ordering it to be paid at once. SYMPTOMS OF CHOLERA.—MITCHELL V. CRAIG.—The parties were represented by their wives, and the action was brought to recover ss. lid. for provisions sold. When Mrs. Craig entered the witness box, she did not appear to feel that responsibility which even " *Wilkins Micawber" felt at tached to the position of " defendant in civil-bill actions." She looked somewhat fiercely at the plaintiff, .sympathisingly at:the Court generally, and then, heaving a faint sigh, leaned feebly, but in a very unsteady manner; against the box. His Honor inquired if she were ill? To which the defendant re plied thar.she was—that she had been labouring under symp toms of cholera for a few days ; but however that may be, it was very evident to all in Court,:that she considered an indulgence ad libitum in " two-penny-worths," the very best preventive to the further approach of the disease. His Honor told her that she was drunk, and would not permit her to be sworn, upon which she left the box, and behaved herself in a manner not at all in keeping from its unusual liveliness with the ordinary idea of a cholera patient. After a time she returned into court, and, while abusing the offi cers, forced her way, despite of their efforts, to the steps of the bench. His Honor endeavoured, but in vain, to make her sensible of her 'position and its disgrace,. and was at length forced to send for a constable to take her into custody. When the constable came she struggled violently with him and the officers of the court, who, by the' direction of his Honor, re moved her with as little force as possible. A MAN 'OF PRINCIPLE.—NIJGENT V. STAVELEY.—The plaintiff is a painter, arid the defendant, Diana Staveley, keeps a public-house in Whitechapel. It appeared that the plaintiff went into the house a short time since, and having had some drink was handed his change. This, he con tended, was short by 6d., and he accordingly brought the present action to recover that amount. In answer to the Court, he said'he brought the action from :principle. His Honour commented on the folly of such a proceeding, and observed that the law never intended the time of the court should be occupied by such cases. The statements on both sides being equally positive, the case was dismissed. The court adjourned at its rising until Ten o'clock on Monday. BANKRUPTCY COURT.—Yesterday, before Mr. Stevenson, a very long examination was taken in the case of Fairclough, of the firm of Dagnall and Fairclough, bank rupts. At the rising of the Court, the bankrupt's examina tion was further adjourned. THE' JEWISH NEW YEAR.—The great feasts of the " New Year," and " Feast of Tabernacles," amongst the Jewish people, have just terminated in this town. These feasts were attended with great solemnity, and after the manner which is most minutely and explicitly laid down in the Old Testament, for the observance of these, the greatest feasts, of this most interesting and ancient people. Those who wish to be acquainted with the particulars, will find them in the law of Moses : and it is a fact, that no matter in what country, (and where are they not to be found ?) the Jews are, they celebrate these religious cere monies at the same date, and with the same observances. FATAL ACCIDENT.—A man, name at present un known, but who had pawn-tickets on his person with the name John Thomas, was found on Sunday morning, at the bottom of the tunnel at Lime-street station, by Thomas Green, a plate-layer, who works in the tunnel, between Edge Hill and Lime-street. He found this poor man lying on his back, parallel with the rails of the down line, with his head resting on one of the rails ; one of his hands was literally smashed to pieces, and rested on his chest. The sufferer was immediately conveyed to the Infirmary, where he died on the evening of Wednesday, at 10 o'clock, It is supposed that this man must have been injured by the 50. 10. p.m. down express train, for, from the position he was found on the line, he would have b e e n i nev it a bly cut t o pieces had any other rain followed. It is also supposed, on good grounds, that this is. the mune man Who, on Saturday night at ten o'clock, enquired, in a drunken state, of one of the porters at Lime-street, for the Crewe train, and was directed on to Edge Hill station. THE SUNDAY SCHOOL INSTITUTE The annual meeting of the Liverpool Sunday School Institute was held last night, in the school-room, of the Pembroke Place Chapel. There was a very numerous at tendance, the room being completely filled. At half-past ick the chair was taken by the Rev, Dr. P,AFFLES, Tea was served round, after which a hynin was sung. Letters of apology were read from the Rev. Messrs. Bevan, Cran brook, Beryl. ILIS. Browne, and other gentlemen. Mr. HILL, librarian, then proceeded to read the seventh annual report of the Institute. The report stated, amongst other matter, that the library remained much in th e same state, and the committee repeated that they were not able to increase it much beyond what it was seven years ago. Con siderable attention had, been given to the subject of raising a sum o f £5OO for the purpose of improving the library, and about £9O had been already subscribed, and the committee hoped by following out the means they had employed, that the sum required would be finally procured. The atten dance for study the reference library was most encourag ing. The demand for books in the circulating library, exceeded the ability of the committee to meet, and had beets the cause, of no small embarrassment to thein for some time past. The attendence in the reading room was fre quently so large as to be inconvenient for the si'ze of the room and at all times there was at least a steady attendance. In the selection of works the committee knew no distinction of sect or party, and only ex cluded frivolous and useless publications. The course of lec tures which had been delivered in January, February, and March last, formed most eloquent contributions to the eluci dation of the influence which had gone to form the character of the English, as a religious and a Protestant • people, and the committee expressed their thanks to the !Rev. Messrs. Graham, Cranbrook, Kelly, Beryl, Bevan, and Raffles, not only for their having lectured without reward, but for the la bour and care which they had bestowed upon their task. (Applause). During the six months from the Ist of April . to the 30th of September, they had received £63 65., nearly half as much more as for the same six months in the pre vious year, while they had an increase of 81 subscribers over the previous year, 52 of whom were n ew mem b ers . I n February last, the committee issued an appeal, and used every means to augment the amount of their subscriptions. They expressed regret that a larger number of the Sunday School teachers had not responded to the call, which was much more warmly responded.to by other parties. The re port also announced that steps were being taken to restore the Sunday School union, and that a meeting was held for that purpose, at which 33 delegates attended. The reading of the report was received with loud and general applause. Mr. Hale stated that in consequence of circumstances which prevented the Secretary from being present, he was unable to lay before the meeting an exact statement of their financial position, but he could inform them generally that they were not in a worse situation than at any previous period. • Mr. HALL again rose, , and begged to state that upon the accession of Dr. Raffles, Mr. William Browne, M.P. for South Lancashire, had very kindly remitted to him the sum of £2O for the use of the institute. (Loud applause.) They had also received a subscription ' sent in volunt ar y, from Mr. Robertson Gladston e , o f £5. (Applause.) Mr. M‘Fee had contributed £2O. (Renewed applause.) Seve ral other gentlemen had contributed £5 and £lO towards the funds, and whenever the objects of the Institute were men tioned they were met very charitably and generously by all parties. (Hear, hear.> The CHAIRMAN then said, I am sure it must be gratifying to the friends of this Institution to hear the estimation in which the society is held by gentlemen occupying such position in life as these gentlemen. Mr. W. Brown highly values all institutions of this kind, and is always concerned to promote their welfare ; and I may say that the £5 pre sented by Mr. Gladstone were sent in with a letter higgly gratifying to myself, because it expressed large and liberal sentiments, with regard to this and all similar institutions, and regretted that the number of claims upon him, especially at this time, did not allow him to remit a larger sum. (Applause.) These things are pleasant, as they show that you are in good repute, and amongst those not immediately within your own circle. I was very much gratified, indeed, to hear from the report that the Sunday School Union has arisen from the dead. (Hear). I must confess that I for one was a deep mourner at its funeral, although I do not think it was very decently buried (hear, here, laughter, -and applause) —no sort of funeral obseques that I was invited to attend, neither did I read of them in the public prints—(laughter). But I do rejoice extremely to find that this instituti,n has risen from the dead, and that in a few weeks it is to walk abroad, and we shall see its face again, and I hope shall welcome it in some way or other, for I confess I have that feeling about me that I rejoice at seeing a large num ber of young people together, and a large number of those who wish them well. (Heat, hear.) We used to have delightful days in the times past, when we had our large breakfasts in the morning —hen all the various teachers and their friends met together, and when we used to have frequently 400 or 500 at breakfast—then in the afternoon, Great George's Street chapel as full as it could hold of children— and then in the evening each one had a tea-party in his own neighbourhood, his own immediate school, and so finished the day with great satisfaction and delight. I should like to see something of that sort again, and I hope the commencement of the resurrection of the Sunday School Union is at hand, and that it will be actively sustained, for unless it is to be a busy and active agent in doing good, I think it is better that it should be buried outright. (Hear, hear, laughter, and cheers.) I now have the pleasure to announce that our excellent friend Mr. Picton, who is en gaged in every good work, has come to testify his regard for this institution by moving the first resolution. Applause.) • Mr. Picrox then addressed the meeting, and said he re joiced to see so goodly a company assembled there. It angered well for their past success, and for the future prosperity of the Liverpool Sunday School Institute : and he rejoiced to find, by several passages in the report that, making every due allowance for circumstances, the cause was prospering, and the institution was in a somewhat pro gressive state. (Here, here.) He thought that when either an individual or a society passed the helpless years of infancy, and rose up to be a tolerably stout child of seven years old, the prospect of its future life was very satisfactory, for they found, in societies as well as individuals, that there were certain diseases, certain dangers, certain rickittiness, and a certain amount of ignorance of constitution, which naturally prevailed at the early stages of existance, and which very frequently resulted, by wrong treatment, and consequent disease, in death from inanition or want of nutriment.— (Hear, hear.) Such, however, was not the ca se with th a t society : au they now knew where their difficulties lay,— what their strong points were; and what their weak ones, —from what source they could obtain aid, and in what manner the force which they commanded could be best ap plied---where theiipractical work lay, what object they should principally turn their attention, and in what direction they were likely to be able to do the greatest amount of good. (Loud applause). Now, that they began to know themselves that they knew their own strength, understood their weak ness, and knew where their powers could be most effectually used, and when they were as well officered as at present by their excellent friends, Mr. Hall and. Mr. Little, they had every cause for congratulation and for hope of success in the time to come. (Hear, hear). Mr. Picton then spoke at considerable length, and with great eloquence of the in fluence exercised by Sunday School institutions, and benfits which they had conferred upon, as well as received from, the Bible and Missionary Society. In whatevef form these institutions presented themselves, at the lowest depths or in the middle classes, they gave equilebrium and tone to society at large, and even climbed to the upper order of the world to teach them all, gladden them with their beneficial in fluence, and leave always good behind them. (Applause). .Mr. Picton suggested, in conclusion, that the funds raised for the library should be devoted chiefly to the circulating' library, as a public i! -titution was about to be established which would answc - : :;1! the purposes of the library of re ference. Mr. Pictea resumed hit seat amid loud applause, having moved the resolution, which was, that the report just read be received, printed ane circulated. Mr. WOODWARD seconded the resolution and stated that the library consisted chiefly of critical works illustrative of the Holy Scriptures, and that every night a number of his fellow teachers might be met there diligently studYing. There was not, he was sure, a more interesting occurrence in the town of Liverpool, than to see these young men assembled there, evidently studious to prepare their minds to meet their classes. He stated that there were established in connection with the institution, a French class, and an eclectic class, where young men discussed hi s to r i c al an d other subjects, and improved themselves i n speaking.. In reference to Vr. Picton's suggestion - regarding the library, Mr. Woodward expressed his opinion that a very, great advantage was found in having the library of reference, when parties who had no such place in their own homes, might come and study. The resolution was then put, and carried unanimously. Mr. HAMILTON moved that the committee receive power to appoint a paid Secretary, who should act as librarian, should record the minutes, and be responsible for the due execution of their orders. They had at present a most efficient honorary Secretary and Librarian, but the reason for proposing that resolution was, that there were a great many of the routine duties connected with the institution which had hitherto devolved upon the honorary Secretary. Now the committee conceived that it would be very desira ble to throw some of these duties, without any additional expense, upon the librarian, who had ample time to perform them. In order to do that a resolution should be passed, calling the librarian a paid secretary, as distinguished from the honorary secretary, and it was requisite that the resolu tion should be passed by a meeting of the whole society. Mr. ALLISON seconded the motion, which was carried. Mr. MOUNSELL proposed a resolution, giving the com mittee power to elect vice-presidents, in addition to - the president, as the committee thought it would be an ad vantage to have a number of the mfluential gentlemen of their congregation appointed vice-presidents. Mr. HALL seconded the resolution, which was unanimously agreed to. - The Rev. Mr. GRAHAM proposed the following resolution : —" That the Sunday-school teachers are called upon by the circumstances of the times, to avail themselves of every means of improvement which the Liverpool Sunday-school Institute affords, and, by every means, to prepare them selves for the discharge of their important duties." The Rev. gentleman proposed the resolution in a very few words, congratulating the society upon having attained their present period of maturity. he secon The Rev. W. BROWNE, senior, dca _ 4 p Ile said he could not but feel deeply rejoicetd 5060 oppoftunity, before he left that country ar i bei s sion, of meeting so many. Sa bb a th school teac to d himself left the ranks of the Sabbath sell °° ,l 3 i4 prepare for the great and glorious work ill, t pti about to be engaged. He knew others Ida° '''ad sae foreign missions, year after, most diligently 5 ,0 who had come from the ranks of the Sabha w t ers. (Applause.) He could not but feel tha , fts the teachers, and that of his brethren of' the r e e f the same. In speaking of them he always `t heir b`. as one, because their object, their triumph`' their IllotiVeB were all the same. (Applause.) as alike the salvation of the perishing soul. It Iv i t id work to which they had devoted themselve s. c a teach the child bow to read, or to repeat tbe l the verses of his hymns. They wanted nothir bring the sinner, who was dead through tre i sP ;: life and to an union with Christ. (Loud aPP',III an eloquent speech the rev. gentleman con cliwe ing the resolution, which was adopted. The proceedings then terminated. THE COTTON - SPINNERS' TdTi WIGAN-PROBABLE TERI II - hv THE DISP,UTEr. We have much gratification in being a ble tfl from a correspondence which has taken place b e the principal master' cotton spinners in Wig eTh v employed by him, the difference between the r°' and their hands are likely to be adjusted, It is, perhaps, necessary to state that the call° uto at Wigan having been closed is to be attributed to rative spinners themselies. They demanded .1 an advance of 10 per cent upon the 114 hen receiving, and several of the masters ir° to concede this advance, but subsequently the l e i creased their demand, from 10 to 20 per cent• was resisted and the closing of the mills was tile Mr. N. Eckersley, the presgnt Mayor of NOP i those in his employ, when they first demande d ; cent. advance, that he would give it to ta the notice expiring, the twenty per cent. was ; refused ; Mr. Eckersley stating, however, tb willingly .e 10. per cent Fro'ra'ttie information which our reporter V;;; J i glean by a brief visit to Wigan yesterday as have .good reason to 'believe that all tk ie again be at work in the course of nes t " Eckersley has invited the hands in his e mploy/ this day, with a view to an adjustment of th e c ; between them, and we understand there is t bility that the hands will resume work on Moan on the terms which Mr. Eckersley as t ° viz, an advance of ten per cent on the wage' paid. - Messrs. Henry Woods and Co., Mr. Rylan ce ' leading employers, have also agreed to re-op on similar terms, and it is believed that 01° decide the course to be taken by the rest of spinners in Wigan THE COLLIERS. O $V We regret to state that th e diff erences beticee4 and their employers remain in the same unsau:4 l as they did a week ago, and at present there st pect of a settlement. The leading coal owil, e t ; Earl of Balcarres at th e i r h ea d, arc resolvea, t) demands of the colliers, and we understans termined is his lord s hip i n hi s opposition t ° o o4 movement of the men, that he h a s given instril agents to eject from their occupancy of the col! Haigh estate, all the colliers who are raise a „,/ present movement. Meanwhile,. by the eicfrO men, and others, who have some slight kil° l( o d colliery business, we learn that. about 100 to ng now being raised daily on the Haigh estates. 1( The master colliers meet on Friday next, .at until that time, the probability is, that nothiPS be decided upon. _ . LANCASHIRE, YaRKSHI 4 1 CHESHIRE LABOUR LEA' A public meeting of the inhabitants of 01a lt ; in the Hall of Science, in that town, on for the purpose of hearing an- explanation of c and objects of the Labour League receo. There was a numerous attendance. Mr. J. B. HORSFALL, hating been unaninVll the Mr. JOHN HULL, of Padiham, near Bura le •ac to the meeting that Mr. W. B. Ferrand, of O ar Yorkshire, and formerly M.P. for Knaresborobte have been present at the meeting, had he not e well that at that i nsmi since cr e u y under c er attended us himedv e d r e gne an hl meeting Mr. SAMUEL W. KxmD, of Norwood, Surr t e ; . the ad meeting objects o a f t t g r h o eat a l b e o n u g r t h League. g e u x e P . ° n n d n e s g a and he remembered ceittiriwgasiosotrahoewno. those demonstrations of public feeling which 'ca in this country, and resulted from what :It that sion of trade. He also remembered that me n, of hungry men of Oldham looked the well-l e ' v is somewhat angrily in the face. Since then what i n our country was called a period oh ' was, they had had a period of spasmodic CO ' l tivity ; a period during which the energies talists, :and the enduring properties of our 11 ,4 been tested to the fullest extent. But there,'" this country, and he was one' of them, who W' conviction that this period of prosperity va close. He remarked as he travelled throughon. and the adjoining county of York, that mills hap existence since he last visited those districts. t that many factories had been built, and ife.,, 6 with machinery, where there were no factorle ago. He observed that the walls of some f 9 ,' e built, which walls were not yet fitted with ma c biP o li toi e ind re: tl b r o e i b i o he knew that from this date twelve months 0 , could be borrowed from the Bank of England', e pt : cial transactions, at from 2 to 21 and 3 per v ) now knew that the rate of discount at the land was five per cent., and as the C O il t)' were, to a great extent, dependent upol o o, of England, the probability was, that their not borrow money from them at a less rate tho•r, t or perhaps even 7 per cent., so that there mig,,," depression in the commercial market so far were concerned. There were other circunisto warranted the belief, that the cloud now hover i bo l might increase in intensity, and envelope the commercial and manufactuiing atmosphere. Pips ceeded to observe, that in periods of prosperiti t it 4 classes of this country were almost worked to that in periods of adversity "they were aline- t o death. -Now, he entertained the conviction, 01 0 3 0 1. these two states was beneficial for the health, ee or advancement generally, of the working classe s ; o ti that excess of labour, and that want of labour , f i most serious evils. le had studied this questse_A of his humble ability, and he had long entertai l t, that the question of labour, capital, and et stituted the great question in reference to d comfort, and welfare of the working people CO try. (Hear, hear.) He then proceeded to e i oi there ought to be established by the leg boards of trade, composed of masters an employers and employed, for the purpose of se a t ferences that might arise between the capin workmen in his employment. He said, they ha ti! of two systems the first of unrestricted eetr e te' then there had been a trial of the ten hours lation Act. Now, he asked, which of the tice te ` i i ' been most advantageous.? (Shouts of "th,e If the first was right, the last was wrong; ll„,,,isa` right, the first was wrong. The Factory B e bd: he knew, and they knew, had been a most be - 50 sure—no measure had been passed which sca s t .V culated to improve the condition of the 1v,,,Q 5 (Hear, hear.) And he could not but express listening to the advocacy in the House of Cen j fof Ten Hours' Act by the two honourable m eniber s , e He thought it was an honour and a credit to tPoic the borough of Oldham, that they had sent ticebie. Parliament. And he was glad that the honera told the House of Commons that the Ten geL A "t , 10,; wise, ;a beneficent, and a just measure, a n " of' effected much good in improving the conditioad stituents. (Hear; hear.) He took his sta l l. ; principle, for the protection of labour, 1110,0 tinguished from unrestricted• com p e tition. )." new matter to him ; again and again had n e f same town of Oldham that the doctrine ' n l l; c4 competition was wrong • again and again ill •—• towns of England, and Scotland, had he proc. o l4 doctrine of unrestricted competition washe theory and experience. And it was a part i .lpied, the Labour League to extend the Pri lj g c boa i tection to labour. He did not see why there' 09 striction of the hours of labour in factor to icsf tbe j t, same benefit should not be extended , bakers of London. . (Cheers.) He contend ecl a s workers were as much entitled to of „bp)! children, and that it was the duty of the le%)A a law securing that protection. (Hears A ll length he argued that it was the duty all", 0 1 • vince of the legislature to establish . I° 3 olr trade. At the conclusion of Mr. Kydd' s iv questions were put to him, which he aftswere" to? and most satisfactory manner. Y la ce the After a vote of thanks to the chairman , rated. ting Last (Friday) night a similar nlee - t /I Stockport COLLISION IN THE RivEß.—On rIC 10 ship Colonist, from Quebec, came into n ol r, with one of the steam-tugs, belonging tO . cab le Company. The tug sustained very consul was taken shortly afetr into the Union D°G 14(11 1C4 lee The "iSCO ke „Pid m P a j 7e. .r oho „ 1 _. is temp the ; 4 i tc , t i s 11 Freseti O te ht age , Ca sa 1 11- vec 13 Ira rok Oth_ el Fre i . l'l'verl s c 'Yte( 44 ki To -at