The Northern Daily Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-11-29 00:00:00

NOTICE. The Proprietors Of the NORTHERN DAILY TIMES have now completed their arrangements for securing the delivery of the paper at the following places every morning, at, or before eight o'clock. BIRKENHEAD I BOOTLE WOODSIDE WALTON TRANMERE EVERTON ROCK FERRY WATERLOO FAIRFIELD SEAFORTH AIGBURTH. COALS. —BEST HOUSE COALS. First Quality, 16s. Second, 145., Third, 135. per Ton. Discount, FIVE PER CENT. for READY MONEY. BY S. B. JACKSON, 41, DALE -STREET, and 21, MOSS-STREET. THE Turks have thus far defeated the Russian army in the Principalities. Yet Russia triumphs ! Gold is the true sinews of war; and the CZAR has re ceived no less than 720,0001. of British gold in one week. This is how England is made to appear the ally of tyranny, while she promises succour to nations struggling for an independent and reformed existence. We were fully aware of the fact, that large shipments of gold had been made to foreign countries, of which the people of this country kne w nothing whatever; and now that public attention has been directed to the fact, we are informed that 80,000 ounces of gold were sent to St. Petersburg in the early part of last w , .!ek. This treasure, with the £400,000 that followe lit on Saturday, was not sent by the usual route, but by way of Rotterdam and Hamburg. Mystery was evidently the object for varying the line of transit. If the large amount of 80,000 ounces of gold was shipped away in silence in one week, is it not quite possible that a still larger amount may have gone before it, and with equal secrecy ? The principal, among the various reasons assigned for the Bank of England's raising its rate of interest, is the fact, that there were certain foreign mercantile houses quite unknown in the leading commercial circles, but which were sup posed to be connected with foreign governments, that had become large shippers of bullion from this country. These houses having done all they could by operating on our stock and money mar kets, another stratagem is to be tried. A Russian loan to the extent of 5,000,000/. is to be brought forward immediately. It appears, however, that it would not do to bring it openly before the British public at this moment, therefore it is arranged that Messrs. HOPE, of Amsterdam, in conjunction with the Russian court bankers, Messrs. STIEGLITZ and Co., of St. Petersburg, are to undertake it with the view of drawing subscriptions from England. But we are not certain that lending money to Russia under existing circumstances, is not treason, and therefore an indictable offence. It is true that. England has not declared war against Russia; but Turkey has declared war formally ; and the British fleet is said to be in the Black Sea to sup port the Turks in their war with Russia. There is here a very nice distinction between war and no war. As far as our Ministry are con cerned, they have one and all vainly declared that they would support Turkey in her struggle for independence. That struggle is now going On, and how is the pledge fulfilled ? Simply by allow ing Russia to draw her supplies from this country under the plea that no actual declaration of war against the CZAR has taken place. Now, if the independence of the Ottoman Empire is a matter of national importance to England, who is to com pensate this country for the power that has just been conferred on the enemy? A loan of 5,000,0001., added to the 800,0001. just transmitted to St. Petersburg, will enable the Russian despot to send an army of 500,000 men into the Turkish provinces, and this is how Eng land proposes to support the cause of the SULTAN ! Why, there is a degree of moral turpitude hanging about this whole affair that must make every honest man and consistent politician blush with shame ! An open declaration of war would have rendered the shipment of gold to Russia impos sible, and by thus cutting off her war supplies, Russia might have been compelled to accept terms which she willinow treat with scorn. It is well known that at one time the Emperor NICHOLAS held a large amount of English stock for the express purpose of having the power of causing derangements in our money market, by throwing large amounts on the market just as it might suit the accomplishment of his views. And now we are told that the gold which has been re cently shipped is a portion of the large amount deposited in the Bank of England by the Russian Government, and as we have noticed some large sales of stock for money within the last ten days, it is just possible that the CZAR has been trying the effect likely to be produced by his financial operations at a moment when England requires a large supply- of gold forher own purposes. If war had been openly declared, however, the wily NICHOLAS might have depressed our money market, but he could scarcely have succeeded in getting so large an amount of treasure out of this country. Our readers will now, we trust, appreciate the motive which has induced this journal to search diligently into the bullion movements of the last few weeks. We have all along had reason to be lieve that Russia and Austria were drawing off large amounts of our bullion ; but we were unable to arrive at the fact by any other means than direct ing the attention of the public to the• subject. With regard to the loan project which has been so guardedly announced by our London cotempo raries, there can be but one opinion. If it be not illegal to lend money to Russia while she is shedding the blood, and . attempting the subjuga tion of our Allies, it ought to be at once declared illegal. An order in Council ought to be issued instantly declaring the transfer of all Russian stock, dated after the Ist July, 1853, illegal in the United Kingdom. In addition to rendering, the transfer of stocks, dated subsequently to the inva sion of the Danubian States, illegal, let a heavy penalty be inflicted on all persons acting as agents in procuring money for Russia, or any other foreign country holding the position she does towards England, and our Ministry may redeem their character for consistency, and save the nation from years of bloodshed and waste of treasure. Meanwhile, as we have discovered that the CZAR has taken away more money in. one week than emi gration and the " arts and sciences" would absorb in a month, we shall look with increased vigilance to the movements of bullion, as long as the Rus sians continue the invasion of the territory of our ally—the SULTAN. The movements of the pre cious metals abroad is also another important sub ject for investigation, as we find, by the intel ligence received yesterday from Vienna, that 600,0001. in gold had been forwarded to St. Petersburg by the Austrian Government, and 160,0001. by private firms. This is • how Austria observes a strict neutrality ! This is how she would employ a loan if she could raise it in England. We have already predicted this as a perfectly naturally sequence, and unless some measures be promptly taken to stop the political intriguing by which Russia is to be enabled to ac complish her ends, the sooner our costly naval armaments are withdrawn from the Turkish seas, the sooner we shall know the end of our mock war expenditure, and the higher our moral and politi cal character as a nation will stand in the eyes of Europe. IN looking abroad upon society we see much to upper classes are daily becoming more sensible of their obligations, and are making strenuous and praise-worthy efforts to atone for their past omissions. The lower classes, as they are termed, are being cared for; and that inhuman policy which was wont to despise the masses and regard them as mere automatons—" hewers of wood and drawers of water" to their more fortunate fellow men—is fast becoming exploded. Not only have physical comforts been acceded to them, but intel lectual culture. And the foremost statesmen of the age have not considered it 'neath their dignity to instruct them on the advantages to be derived from scientific and literary knowledge. Tis but a few days ago since Lord STANLEY addressed a large assemblage of working men, at the inaugura tion of the Bury Athenaeum, upon the subject of Education. The suggestions therein offered are admirable and practicable ; and it is to be hoped that the impression then and there conveyed will not prove evanescent but permanent. Here are Lord STANLEY'S ideas upon this all-important topic : —" I have spoken of this Athenaeum as an educa• tional institute, and I believe in so speaking I am correct. I am well aware that it is a language used by some, that education is a thing which properly belongs only to youth ; but I maintain that idea is erroneous. I .hold, that for me and for every one of us, education is a thing which must continue to the very end of our existence. It is a law of our nature. Our minds are so con stituted that we must necessarily and always be either learning something or forgetting something; and it is with the matters of instruction as with many others, there is no standing still ; you must go backward or forward. And not only is this the case as regards acquired knowledge, but also in reference to the powers of the mind itself, which, like the body, can only be kept in proper vigour and health by a succession—a series of efforts and exertions." The popular idea respecting education was that when a boy or girl got through a certain curiculum, he or she was educated. When the boy " turned" arithmetic—wrote a nondescript hand—was " up " in the four first books of Euclid—spouted bad Latin and worse Greek—and could tell the names of the nine parts of speech according to MURRAY, he was educated ! When the girl was enabled to write corner-hand—do the rule of three—make bibs and tuckers—screech the gamut—had learnt the notes on the piano-forte—and was able to say " How d' ye do " in French, she had " finished " her education—and her careful mamma brought her immediately:upon the tapis as an eligible candidate for matrimonial honors ! Things, however, have changed now ; and Lord STANLEY only favours the innovation that education is the study and work of a life—not merely attained under the ferule of a pedagogue, or in a Ladies' Boarding Academy ; although under the strictly moral discipline of some venerable Al , isdames who were never known to smile—read fashionable novels—or do a wicked thing—unless they were a sinning ! However, we do not mean to regard early instruction as un profitable or dispensable. It only becomes an evil when too much reliance is placed upon it. "A little learning is a dangerous thing." As long as it is viewed in the light of an intellectual discipline, and as laying the foundation, or sowing the seeds, of future wisdom, 'tis very well. You cannot fill the young brain with knowledge and cork it up as you would a bottle of pickled gerkins ! warranted to keep in any climate for any length of time. No! " It is with the matters of instruction as with many others, there is no standing still ; you must go forward or backward" " there's no eternity," [alternative] as the Lancaster alderman said the other day upon being hot—warmly pressed to accept municipal office We are, in common with all genuine advocates of education, greatly obliged to Lord STANLEY for his excellent arid explicit definition of an almost uni versally misunderstood scientific term ; and we trust that those higher in station than the Bury operatives may be induced to profit thereby. The great FRANKLIN himself=now we entirely disclaini any offence to our American friends—did not seem to entertain other than the vulgar notions respect ing education He says : "If a man empties his purse into his head, no one can take it from him." As if education was not a drawing out of the Mind —not a pouring in ! GOLDSMITH, too, has immor talised his Village Schoolmaster, and expresses his surprise ." how one small head could carry all he. knew !" And 'tis really amazing how some savants can uphold their heads owing to the weighty mass of crudities they contain ! "Blue stockings" and " bigwigs" who smell of Latin and Greek, we can not abide. They have no common sympathies with their race. Even those whose office it is to instruct the people must descend sometimes from their pedestal if they do not wish to be odious. " One hates an author," says BYRON, " that's all author; fellows in foolscap uniform turned up with ink !" SALFORD HUNDRED INTERMEDIATE SESSIONS.—The inter mediate sessions for the Hundred of Salford, commenced yesterday (Monday) morning, at the New Bailey court house, Salford. OXFORD, WORCESTER, AND WOLVERHAMPTON RAILWAY. —The managers of this line have given notice of their inten tion to open the entire length to Wolverhampton on Thurs day next, December 1. GOOD NEWS.—There are no accounts of any new case of cholera from Edinburgh ; and none have occurred in Sun derland for the last six days. In some parts of Scotland, however, the disease still prevails. . The bottle makers of Newcastle-ttpon-Tyne have "struck". for an increase of wages. Latterly, it is said that finishers had 245., blowers 205., and gatherers 17s. per week, besiies "over work," bringing good hands 7s. to 12s. per week additional. Captain Winn has held an investigation into the late accident on the Great Northern Railway, and evidence was produced to show that there was not sufficient time between the breaking of the axle of the truck until the arrival of the passenger train to remove the former. THE BRADLEY INQUIRY.—The committee of the council appointed to inquire into the charge preferred against ➢lr. Bradley concluded, we learn, their labours last evening. So far as the taking of evidence is concerned, they meet to consider their report in a day or two. _ STEAM BETWEEN LIVERPOOL AND ST. JOHN, N.B.— Messrs. Reed and Wright, of St. John, N. 8., propose to place upon the route between St. John and Liverpool, a line of screw steamers, to ply monthly—provided the Pro vinces will contribute £lO,OOO a-year for ten years towards the undertaking. The probability seems to be that their proposition will bo accepted, and the line established. STEAM BETWEEN LIVERPOOL AND PHILADELPFILL—The Philadelphia papers announce that another ocean-steamer, intended for the Liverpool and Philadelphia line, has just been contracted for by the enterprising proprietors. She will be called the " City of Baltimore," and, will be about eighty feet longer than the " City of Glasgow," and thirty feet longer than the "Great Britain." The object is to ensure increased speed. The builders are Messrs. Todd and Macgregor, of Glasgow, the same gentlemen who constructed the " City of Glasgow," the " City of Manchester," and who are now engaged on the " City of Philadelphia." This looks well for our ocean line. Four steamers regularly plying between Philadelphia and Liverpool, cannot but afford extraordinary facilities to travellers, trade, and commerce generally. THE LATE CASE OE FORGERY.—There is much interest felt and many statements made respecting the unhappy prin cipal in this case. The motives which may possibly have prompted the step he took•—the probabilities which might have occurred to relieve him from the publication of his crime—and lastly, what has become of him since his disap pearance.. Into these we shall not enter, but we may men tion that it is confidently stated, that on the 21st instant he paid into the borough bank, which was the depository of the bill, £1,200 on account. It is also said that he had entered very largely into Australian speculations. We believe the unfortunate man had a house in Belfast, and was supposed to be very successful, though yet a young man. Certain it is that his credit stood very high. We believe his con nexions, who are Irish, are highly respectable; and it is said he at one time held a commission in her Majesty's ser vice. As to the heradv4 l l,9failVsyntgannopr i m u lfig land, or the Brazils—or " the Lord knows where," while some insist that he is not beyond the boundary of these kingdoms. However this may be, the detective police are pursuing him in every direction, both home and foreign. FIRE IN ST. GEORGE'S BAZAAR.—Yesterday a meeting of the principal tradesmen in the Lime-street Ward, was held in the Compton-house, for the purpose of forming a committee to inquire into the losses the tenants in St. George's bazaar have sustained through the fire which took place on Tuesday evening last, with a view to the raising of a substription for the relief of the sufferers. The meeting , was convened by Messrs. J. Johnson, T.C., J. A. Picton, T.C., J. R. Jeffrey, J. R. Cooper, Thomas Reay, Thomas Haigh, and Jonas Gleave. Mr. J. R. Jeffrey presided, and Mr. Luya, superintendent of markets, acted as secretary. Amongst the gentlemen present were Messrs. Johnson, Picton, Haigh, Lee, Gleave, W. Lawton, G. Taylor, Reay, Geo. Riding, Porter, S. • linden, &c., &c. A committee having been formed they proceeded to consider the amount of property belonging to each party in the bazaar destroyed by the late fire. So far as the committee could estimate it, the loss was put down at £650 ; but some of the claims were left over for inquiry. A deputation was then ap pointed to wait on the mayor, and they instantly proceeded to the Town-hall, and saw his worship, who headed the list with a subscription of £lO. The deputation next waited on Mr. Bramley-Moore, who subscribed £5. The paoceed ings stand adjourned for a week for the purpose of receiving , a report from the sub-committee of investigation, and to ascertain the amount of subscriptions received in the mean time. A sum of £67 18s. was subscribed by the persons present at the meeting. ACCIDENT TO THE GOLDEN AGE.—Yesterday a serious accident occurred to this splendid steam-ship as she was about to leave the river, outward bound for Australia. The Gulden Age left the Huskisson dock about 9 o'clock in the morning ; but the purser not being on board with the ship's papers, the vessel came to off the landing stage, to wait until he bad got on board: At 10 o'clock the Golden Age, being then in charge of a pilot, was ordered to be put about, the tide then running down pretty strong. In bringing her round, and whilst endeavouring to clear a vessel which was lying off the Seacombe slip, the pilot seems to have miscal culated his distance, and it became apparent that the Golden Age could not avoid running into the Seacombe wall. When this was seen to be almost inevitable, Captain Porter, the commander, immediately issued orders to let the anchors go and reverse the engines. Those precautions, however, were not sufficiently effectual, and the consequence was, that the ship went head-on against the wall. The collision was not very violent ; and after the shock, she was instantly backed off, and proceeded into the Sloyne, where, upon examination, it was found that her stern was injured and partly carried away. The examination resulted in the Golden Age being ordered into the graving -dock, to be thoroughly examined and repaired ; but it is supposed her detention will not ex ceed four or five days, although, we understand, previous to her repairs a part of her cargo will be discharged. In the meantime her passengers, 140 in number, are comfortably provided for on board the ship, by the agents, Messrs. Millers and Thompson. The circumstances under which the Golden Age ran into the Seacombe wall, are almost similar to those under which the screw steamer Lusitania ran ashore above Rockferry a few weeks since. In both cases Liverpool pilots were on board the vessels. INQUESTS.---The following deaths were reported to the coroner yesterday, upon which inquests wili be held to-day. Joseph Irving, a painter, who resided in Sun street, Toxteth Park, was working on board the ship Conway, lying in the Sandon Dock, on Thursday, when his foot slipped as he was going between decks to resume his work after dinner, and he fell into the hold, head foremost, receiv ing such injuries as caused his death in the Northern Hos pital on Saturday.—Francis Crane, a young man, residing with his parents in Mere-lane, Everton, while ',getting into a cart which he was driving in Great Howard-street yesterday, fell on the pavement and broke his neck. Ho was 'taken by his father and a police-officer at once to the Northern Hospital, on Saturday, but was pronounced dead by the surgeon on arriving there.—A young man, who was left in care of Mr. Armstrong's spirit vaults, Edge-hill, was found in a state of insensibility, supposed to have been caused by drink, and, despite the efforts of the surgeon who was called in, expired that night.—James Spencer Bulmer, car proprietor, 14, Grey-street, off Windsor-street, was brought home on Saturday night in a state of insensibility, which his sister at first supposed had arisen from drink. Finding he did not rally, Dr. Hutchinson was called in, but before he could arrive the man was dead. The father of deceased expired in the same manner about three years ago. —Thomas Gaston, a farrier, who resided in a court in Wil liamson-street, died suddenly on Saturday night. Deceased had been a teetotaller, but had taken to drink on Tuesday last. He suffered from bowel complaint, but was able to resume work on Thursday and Friday. On Saturday he went with his wife to a grog-shop where he drank some whiskey, an d a ft er re t ur ning home his wife was in the act of assisting him to take off his jacket, when he fell on the floor in a state of insensibility. A policeman was called in, and the deceased was lifted on the bed, when he expired shortly after. Dr. Stack was called in, but all his medical skill :was in vain, as before his arrival all hope was at an end. THE NORTHERN DAILY TIMES. THE PRESTON STRIKE. • PRESI . ON, Monday Evening, The amount brought in to the weavers' committee yesiev• day fell somewhat short of £2,000 ; this being the " little wsek," as it is termed, or the week in which the hands in some of the districts do not draw any wages, inasmuch as they are paid fortnightly. In consequence, however, of the committee having a considerable balance remaining in hand from last week, they were enabled to distribute 4s. per head: at; heretofore, As an indication of the depressed state of trade, it may be mentioned that Mr. Goodall., (the largest manufacturer unconnected with the masters' association) this morning gave notice of his intention to commence running short time in the weaving department, all his hands having previously been fully employed. This afternoon there was a large gathering of the unem ployed in the Orchard, when addresses were delivered by some half-dozen delegates. _ _ The CHAIRMAN (Mr. LANG of Blackburn) congratulated his hearers upon their standing in as good a position with regard to pecuniary matters as last week ; and stated that £lO had been received from a few men in a distant part of Wales, who had never been solicited to subscribe to this movement. (Cheers.) Mr. BROWN said e had been informed that Mr. Paul Catterall had rang his factory bell that morning at breakfast time. The manufacturers of Preston were prepared to open their mills on these conditions—that they should run four days per week, at the prices paid last March. Would the hands agree to those terms? (Cries of "Never.") Were they not in a better position now, with Os. for playing, than they would be with 6s. for four days' work ? (General ex clamations of "Ay"). This is what we call "the little week," but little as it is, we have about £2,000 come in. Next week we expect about £2,600. At the commencement of this agitation the manufacturers of Preston thought by stopping supplies from Burnley, Bacup, &c., they should be able to reduce that amount to £2OO. But judge of their surprise when they found it reduced (as an Irishman would say) from £2OO to £2,000. The CHAIRMAN here remarked that the Blackburn mas ters encouraged them to persevere in this struggle with the manufactures of Preston—saying, in effect—" Go on lads, while we get all their best customers." (Laughter and cheers.) Mr. GRIMSHAW denounced the " scribes of the press," and the "miserable shoddyocracy," in unmeasured terms, for which he was rebuked by the succeeding speaker, Mr. K. SMITh, (presideut.of the executive council), who advised them to endeavour to win the press over to their side. Mr. RHODES complained of the scanty remuneration ob tained by factory hands when they were in full work; the best of them were always " within a month's march of the bastile." They had nothing to look forward to but a coffin without a name, and a pauper's grave. (Hear, hear) : The CHAIRMAN called upon all who were determined to stand by the delegates to hold up their hands. (The whole meeting responded). The proceedings 'closed with three cheers for the ten per cent. c~ommtrtfat tattis. THIS DAY. On account of whom it may concern, To be Sold by Auction, without reserve, on Tins DAY (Tuesday), the 29th instant, at Three o'clock, at No. 3, Rainford-square, A quantity of GRAIN, FLOUR, and MEAL, Damaged by the late fire at Bush Mills, and removed to Rainford-square, for convenience of Sale. On view at Two o'clock this day. For catalogues and particulars apply to Mr. JOSEPH MARTIN, Rainford-square, or to A. & S. H. SLEIGH, Brokers. Tins DAY (Tuesday), the 29th inst., at half-past One o'clo c k, at the Corn Salesroom, 14, Brunswick-street, 104 Barrels Prime American Thin Obl ong 27 Casks 5 LINSEED OIL CAKE. Per Liverpool, Waterloo Dock.—Apply to ROBERT PROCTER, Broker. TILLS DAY (Tuesday), the 29th instant, at Half-past One, at the Corn Salesroom, 14, Brunswick-street, About 438 Barrels' Frime American Thin Oblong LINSEED OIL CAKE, Per America ; lying in Mather's warehouse, Back Goree. Apply to ROBERT PROCTOR, Broker. TO-MORROW. TO-MORROW (Wednesday), the 30th instant, at Twelve, at the Public Saleroom, Exchange-buildings. 3 Bags Mixed GALLS, 4 Bags AINSEED, 4 Bags CUMINSEED, 30 Bags Persian BERRIES, Apply to Messrs. E. & J. P. ScniLlzzl, jun., Merchants, or to WILLIAM PORTER & CO. Brokers. THURSDAY NEXT. On THURSDAY next, the Ist of December, at One o'clock, at the Commercial Saleroom, Temple-court, 5 Half-Pipes tine Old CURRANTS 100 Boxes Bunch Muscatel RAISINS, 30 Barrels small Ditto DITTO, 276 Barrels new Sexia DITTO, 460 Frails Malaga FIGS, 311 Barrels Black Smyrna RAISINS, 790 Boxes Ditto Ditto DITTO, 100 Quarter-Drums Old Sultana RAISINS, 330 Boxes } Old Valencia RAISINS, 220 Half-Boxes 13 Cases French PLUMS, in Cartons. Apply to FLETCHER & FIRTH, Brokers, 4, Temple-court. HOUSE AGENTS HAVING PREMISES TO LET OR SELL ADVER TISE NORTHERN IN TIIE - DAILY TIMES AT A CHARGE OF SIXPE N C E. Offices-19, SOUTH JOHN STREET, LIVERPOOL; 9, PRINCESS STREET, MANCHESTER. SERVANTS WANTING SITUATIONS PERSONS WANTING SERVANTS, should Advertise in the NORTHERN DAILY CHARGE TIMES, SIXPE N C E. Published every morning, at 19, South John-street, Liverpool, and 9. Princess-street. Manchester. TO CORRESPONDENTS. 11 27 oren...iLL, 4 Witt , derL Sm. jr tzer 1 ib V Battlssatiri ttri publication, but as a guarantee of his good faith. We cannot undertake to return rejected communications. All communications, Books for Review, etc., to be for warded to the Editor must be addressed to the Publisher, C lIARLFS WILMER, and those from London may be sent to the care of Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1853. SHOULD LITERARY AND PIIILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. This society met in the Royal Institution last night. The chair was occupied by Mr. J. B. YATES. The principal feature of the evening was a lecture delivered by Mr. Tow- SON upon the lately-adopted principle of great circle sailing in ocean navigation. The lecturer explained clearly the principle of the system, which, although but recently prac tically availed of in nautical science, he showed was no recent discovery, the origin of which might be claimed by any one of the present age, but a principle known and con templated so far back as the fifteenth or sixteenth century. He pointed out the fallacies arising from vessels taking the chart as the true practical representation of the earth's sur face, and how many persons had acted in navigation as if the earth were a plane and not a sphere. That which appeared a circuitous route, in such a voyage as from Liver pool to Australia, when viewed on Mercator's chart, would be easily recognised as the direct course if viewed as upon the surface of a sphere. Illustrating the principle, by referring to the different courses of navigation across the Pacific, and showing the great practical saving of distance reali se d by the principle of great circle sailing, he explained the advantage which arose in the adoption of this system, by which the vessel was enabled to take advantage of the western trade winds. He also dwelt upon the fact that even where no actual saving of distance was accomplished that presented the advantage which no mariner could overlook, that it enabled the vessel to choose that route by which she might fully enjoy the assistance of those great winds in wafting her to her destination. This fact, the lecturer showed, was itself a practical answer to the argument which some persons had adduced against the principle, to the effect that the advan tage gained in distance might not be sufficient to compensate for the loss which they conceived would be felt if a vessel left the course which best enabled her to catch these winds. The principle of great circle sailing, he explained, gave additional facilities for taking advantage of them. The lecturer then far a ?Mgror r :Vfi i al l 'he lf teMie l a adopted the great principle of circuit sailing to a certain extent, and only departed from it where it was necessary to do so, in order to avoid entering upon latitudes which the mariner knew to be dangerous. He explained the advan tages which this system presented, in meeting every argu ment urged against the great circle sailing, and alluded to the difficulties with which for years he had to combat in bringing that system under the favourable consideration of scientific men, the prejudices with which he had t o con t en d, and the arguments adduced to prove its fallacy. The lec turer referred with pride to the successful efforts made by captains of great nautical skill, such as Godfrey, M'Kay, and Forbes, which had of late years established the great princi ple of circle sailing, and gained for Liverpool the honor of having first adopted it. The lecturer was loudly applauded at the conclusion and during different portions of his address. The CHAIRMAN called upon the meeting to join in a vote of thanks to Mr. Towson, for the able exposition and demon stration of the principle he had laid before them, which was passed amid general acclamation. It was announced that Mr. Towson will continue his lecture, and more fully elucidate these important principles, on Monday, Dec. 12th. FROM THE FISHING GROUND. - The schooner Ella Osborne, has arrived at Gloucester from the Bay of St. Lawrence. Came through the Gulf of Canso on the sth inst. ; left only about thirty sail of American fishing vessels on the coast. Her majesty's steamers have all left the ground, on account of heavy weather, for their winter quar ters at Halifax. The cutters are still on the ground, and quarter mostly at Port Hood. All of the American fishing vessels will leave the coast by the 15th inst., it being very dangerous to remain there so late at the present time. The crew of the Ella Osborne contradict the report of the loss of the schooner Gold Hunter, and believe that she is now safe. None of the vessels were getting any mackerel. —Boston Traveller, 11th Nov. HUNTER (AUSTRALIA) RIVER STEAM NAVIGATION COM PANY.—A meeting of this company was held early in July, to take into consideration the propriety of increasing the capital of the company by the creation of 1,500 new shares of 101. each. The chairman read a correspondence which had taken place between the board and Messrs. Walker and Co., and between the latter and the ship-builders and engine makers on the Clyde, at London, and at Liverpool. This correspondence went to show that, owing to the rise which had taken place in the price of iron, and in the rate of wages of the artizans employed in steam-ship building and engine making, and to the general press of business, which made builders careless about taking new contracts, the steamers ordered could not be built under a cost considerably above the estimate of the board—ranging, say, from 80001. to 10,0001. This it was, the chairman explained, which had rendered necessary the proposed increase of capital; a:d after giving the matter every consideration, the directors had come to the conclusion that an increase of 15,0001. would enable them to carry out efficiently the objects of the company. The chairman further explained, that on the 4th of May last a letter had been dispatched by the board to Messrs. Walker per steamer, authorising them to incur, within certain limits, the additional expense necessary to obtain the steamers of the class and description ordered, and without delay.. RAISING VESSELS BY ELECTRICITY.—The New York Times gives a very interesting account of the raising of a submerged vessel by Foreman's electric apparatus, invented and con structed for that purpose by the gentleman whose name it bears. As the new discovery is one of the utmost importance and utility to the maritime and commercial world, among the throng collected to witness the announced experiment were many influential merchants and shipowners. The wea ther was unfavourable, and the experiment was in conse quence only partially successful. The Times says :—Owing to the weak nature of the materials employed in the con struction of the .apparatus, which had been prepared econo mically for this occasion, and the heavy sea running even in the dock, some delay occurred in bringing the force to bear upon the submerged vessel—a craft o f 90 t ons , res ti ng on the bottom, in 18 feet water. The buoys, used as floats to receive the gas, or, in technical phraseology, the "camels," were simply water-tight casks, so constructed that when the charge generating the g a s should be fired, the gas would en ter through India rubber pipes into one orifice, and the water that had filled the casks up to the moment of the ex periment would thus be forced out at another. It so hap pened that these casks were of uneven buoyancy, and when the charge was at last fired, the gas entered those ranged above one side of the vessel with greater rapidity than it could force its way into those above the other—so that the former rising very swiftly, added to the pressure upon the latter, which, remaining full of water and impervious to the gas, sank instead of being inflated and buoyed up, and the vessel rose to the surface on one side only. The principle, however, was fairly illustrated, as the submerged craft came up, amidst the cheers of the throng in about two minutes after the charge was touched off, and remained suspended in her position. The material used in the apparatus was alone defective—a fault that can readily be avoided upon a future occasion by the outlay of more mrney. We understand that Mr. Foreman is having India rubber camels of precisely equal size and buoyancy prepared, and will sown make another experiment. MONETARY AND COMMERCIAL. LIVERPOOL, MONDAY EVENING. The advices brought by the Indian Queen from Melbourne aid to' the 28th of August, being four days later than those previously received. She brings 38,992 ounces of gold. The accounts brought by this vessel are highly encouraging, both for the colony and the mother country. The arrivals of gold at the port of shipment continue on the usually large scale. On the 26th August, the escort from Mclvor and Goulburn brought in 1,408 ounces, and on the same day the escort from Castlemaine brought in 35,360 ounces ; Total, 36,768 ounces. Value, about £147,072. In the prices of all the trading necessaries of life, we notice a change, varying from 5 to 20 per cent. in favour of the colony, This decline in the current quotations leaves a large profit for shippers. The number of hands employed in the gold fields shows a considerable increase, and had caused a greater demand for labour ; we may,. therefore, look for larger receipts of gold. The United States is beginning to draw off large quantities of the precious metal. The Bavaria, for New York, had carried away six or seven thousand ounces. The Cleopatra. (s) was to sail for England on the first of September. The aggregate of shipping arrived at Melbourne, for the two weeks preceding the our advices, was 4,000 tons. The returns of the imports for the same period show a decline in the arrivals of flour, and a large increase in those of building materials and useful implements, from Great Britain, America, and other distant ports. These arrivals, together with the large amount of more substantial buildings in progress in the city, can. hardly fail to affect, shortly, the enormous rents demanded for small tenements, and promise ultimately to increase largely the amount of stor age, "both for wholesale and retail dealers. Al though increased activity is said as to have been given to the wholesale trade by some speculative dealings, nothing had transpired efl'ectually to stop the downward tendency which the constant heavy arrivals of goods occasioned. The flour trade, is, however, excepted from this depression, and con tinued firm, at full rates. The very large receipts of oats keep down the price of that corn ; and for prime English .barley lls. was obtained with diffi culty. In the provision trade, the price current shows a further decline in many articles, particu larly English hams and bacon. Tea, coffee, and sugar maintain previous rates, except English loaf sugar, which is decidedly lower. A decline of about 2d. per lb. has been submitted to in manu factured tobacco. Timber was ten to twenty per cent. lower, but the prices were still highly favour able for the importers. Exchange on London for 30 days' bills, was quoted at par, or one half per cent. discount for every additional thirty days. Freights to London were quoted as follows : Wool, id. to hi. per lb., and 5 per cent. ; tallow, 50s. per ton, and 5 per cent.; gold, 41d. per oz., delivered at the bullion office. By the steam ship Africa we have advices from the United States to the 16th inst., being four days later than those previously received. The. Africa brings 74 passengers, and 500,000 dollars on freight. The crisis in the Money 'market was not quite so intense. Among the bank failures we notice the following : the Oswego Bank, the Bank of Ma sillon, and the Buffalo Bank, (Patchins.) The latter is one of the five remaining chartered banks. The Oswego's notes will be redeemed in full by the New York Metropolitan bank. The exports of specie for the year ending the 11th inst., was 7,761,331 dollars, against 2,663,122 dollars imported within the same period. For first-class Paper, the rate of interest was 12 per cent. Second class, from 15 to 18 per cent. Money on call was still quoted at 7 per cent. In the Dry goods market dress woollens were in demand, particularly the De laines. Cotton goods were very firm. Ginghams continue to sell as fast as received, at 11c. Glas gow is said to have orders in advance, and Lan caster and Manchester are said "to be sold close up." The exports of Bread stuffs for the month of October last, are considerably in advance of those for the same period in 1846. We subjoin a com parative statement of the quantities exported. 1846. 1853. Flour. Wheat. Flour. Wheat. brls. bush. brls. bush. Oct. 163,967 222,380 Oct. 180,733 1,147,679 bills had compelled holders to realise, and there was no disposition to store at the current rates. The sales of the week were 5,400 brls. at 7 dollars to 7 dolls. 121-c., the latter price for Extra, early in the week. In the Cotton market no new features had trans pired during the week to stimulate the inquiry for this staple. The market continued to be fully sup plied. The total sales for the week were 8,318 bales, divided as follows, viz : Export ... 3,387 bales Home use 3,746 „ Speculation In transit 319 „ Market closing steady. The freights were quoted as follows :—To Liver pool, 75,000 bush wheat at 121 d to 13d; 17,000 brls flour, 3s 6d to 3s 9d, closing at the former rate ; 1,500 bales cotton, 7s 3d ; 1,000 brls. rosin, 4s ; 100 trcs. Rice, 355. ; 50 hhds. tallow, 40s; 350 brls. Beef. 1,000 boxes cheese. The steamer has 300 bales Sea Island cotton at 9s 3d ; 1,000 boxes cheese, 60s ; 1,200 brls. flour, 3s 6d. To London —13,000 brls. flour, 4s 6d to 4s 9d, closing at the outside rates; 68,000 bush. wheat at 16d; 2,200 boxes cheese, 60s ; 1,000 bush. clover seed, 17d in bags ; 40 half trcs. tobacco, Cos ; 100 brls. lard, 455, Since Friday we had an increased demand for cotton in the Liverpool market. The sales to-day amounted to 7,000 bales, of which 2,000 were taken on speculation and for export. The imports, so far this week, amount to 2,120 bales. The shipments advised per Africa for week ending 16th November, amount to 14,254 bales. And the quantity not at sea for this port, adds up 34,570 bales. NEW YORK. Oct. 19, Col. Cutts 22, Empire State lll7 27, Frank King 28, Wm. Stetson Menapia 69 Nov. I , Niaga-ra 2, Excelsior 757 5, Vanguard 8, D. Grinnell 429 John Mitlodge 12, Rout. Hooper 240 John Currier Agnes Saratoga 14, Golconda nil. 13, Conqueror ... 9B 8,521 MOBILE. Oct. 1, Harford 1555 1,555 SAVANNAH. Nov. 9, Noemie CHARLESTON Oct. 28, Irvine 29, Switzerland 2443 Nov. 1, G. A. Hopley 2705 Waltham NEW ORLEANS. Oct. 18, Chasca 26, Bell Rock 2491 29, Hartley Granada Nov. 1, Courier 3024 3, Hamlet 2350 14,125 T0ta1...34,570 The receipts of the week ending 16th Nov... 65594 bales. Against 111609 The total receipts to the 16th Nov. 288649 Against 528349 Decrease 239700 The exports to Great Britain 85267 ......... Against 159629 Decrease 74362 The stock remaining in ports 213673 Against 302366 Decrease 88693 Stock of Cotton in inland towns, 60852 against 51288. A close calculation may now be made of the pro bable import of Amelican Cotton, to the 31st Decem ber. The ships loading at the latest dates will likely clear in time to arrive within the year. New York, 25 ships, at 500 bales each; New Orleans, 8 ships, Savanna, 2, Charleston, 6, at 4 2,000 bales each, would shew a total clearan ce of 44500 bar' 3 4570 Quantitynow at sea ................... Imports this week ...................••••• 2120 346 300 Stock in Liverpool on Friday las t... Total supply ........... ...... 427490 1:5000 0 Outgoings to 37 days, 5ay............ Probable stock 31st December, 1853. 2 77 ,?2, Against 31st December, 1852. 338bzu Our Share Market was very steady all daY , closed firmly at our quotations. The London Stock Market was depressed t ors , owing to the circulation of a variety of ri . e h oy all of which require confirmation. rile n ., 0 , and general Share Market was als o dePre o t but owing to the pressure on our space, we refer to the quotations in another column. ,0 5 In the London Corn Market a clear an c ' the effected, at Monday's rates. The following ore arrivals ! 0,0 British wheat „ barley ~ malt a., 4,971 oats •••••;„ sod The „ fo o l a l t o s wing returns —Stock, 33,928 casks, flour ;n216595 F l our , 2,160 sop, deliverieg, 2,057, against 3,767 last yea l4. , 2asghaoiNnystthB,es2o3s,9t4o7bll.l:;oB3fttslyegrlof; SHARE MARICETS.--YEsTEnto- Y ; LIVERPOOL.—The market was steady all 211, closed firmly at the subjoined prices :—Calidon iont 611 Eastern Counties, I_ B 3 l I ; Lancashire and Yorkshire s , . 5 0 London and North Western, 103 I ; Midland, 6Z 4 s tocif Eastern, 181 I; York and North, 241 5 ; 234 41. o e DIANCHESTER.—To-day prices are lower, and tilje business has been unimportant. The following h ire o sales : —Aberdeen, pref. 8 per cent. x.d.w. ; Lan es pi . ttA Yorkshire, 677,-; London and North Western, 1 03 il6si , 31 and B Qrs C, 5-16 p; Midland Railway Consols, SHARE MARXET , G PRICES. # i gr74 11, .ik Monday, N o vember itr, London and N. W... • • 7 6 London and S. W • • • Manche, ter, Sheffield , Lincolnshire • • • •• Midland Stock ....... North British ..... • • Do. Preference ..... Norfolks ....... • • North Staffordshire • • Shrewsbury and Birii i • Do. L. and N. W. gua%ii fa, South E. and Dover • •" 641 York. New., and Ber•• Do. Extension... • • • Do. Preference •• • • 4 61 Y, York and North Mid • • Do. Preferen, e ..... • , s. FOREIGN ST°C l '.O Mexican .............. • 4 52 Spanish New Deferred ••„,1 5 Do. Passives ...... • • •• ll Do. Threes ........ • • • ' .• • I 4ussians .......... . • 9i Do. .............. •• ' LAND SW- 0 ; 4 ' 4 1 5 Agricultural •• • • • North B. Australian • • •:i Peel River ........... South Australia ...... • THE FUNDS, STOCK AND CLOSID ENGLISH MARKET, Consols Account } 954 )o. Money . Bank Stock ....... 217.19 Exchequer Bills, L. 5 . °pm. Do S. Three and a Quarter per cent. RAILWAY SHARES. Ambergate, Nottingham, and Eastern Junction .... 5, f Caledonian s6i 7 Do. Preference Bristol and Exeter East Anglian Eastern Counties East Lancashire Eastern Union, A _ _ Do B. dr C. Edinbrol& Glasgow B6 7 Great Northern Great Western 83 Lancashire & Yorkshire 60 7* Do. Fifths Leeds Northern London Brighton and South Coast LIVERPOOL MARKETS.—YESTERDAY. ) (Written expressly for the Northern _Daily rit' e SUGAR.—Business has been concluded to a f aL `, , 1 0,4'0 chiefly with the refiners, the sales embracing 7 0 a; . 1 ° Lucia, at 31s to 335; 40 hhds Jamaica, at 33s 9 3 s 3 v A r 1,500 bags East India, including Benares, at 38s to eciri Dates, at 34s to 34s 6d ; and yellow Bengal, at 3 65 .,5, Of Molasses we have to report 60 puncheons An t ' st 17s 3d 19 cwt, ex quay. t oell Twenty puncheons Demerara Rum have bee° previous rates. rer In Rice only 250 bags good middling Bengal are at 15s 9d gt cwt. per celi f er i* Fifty bags Saltpetre have been sold at 29s 3d, 51 ,: o r refraction ; 420 bags Sago Flour, at 22s ; 20 ~,ba , Der Shellac, at 42s 111 cwt ; and 20 tons Panama 100* Pearl Shells, at £2Bs lOs if ton, ex ship ; als ° Bengal Linseed, at 54s t qr. Owl At auction to-day ofm l o 3 s o t c d as e ks scri G p a t li io p n o s li " " brought £59 2s 6d to £59 lO s tun, for first class „ p H TEA.—Prices sound common Congou is offering at is 3d lb. 1 ,4 O tio CorroN.—The advices per the Africa are reg nr i ", - e l t i l it vourable to holders, rates at the other side being u e le l 'd high to admit of more than moderate operation s er a ,. market. Prices were consequently firm, and le good yesterday. Sale, 7,000 biles, of which 2? t°'_ taken on speculation and for export. The sales ° i n were of precisely similar amount under both hew s ' ot SAITTTITTV.T.TI CI A TTT,P. MAR WET.— Sheep Beasts sold better than on Mondy well. pig s 2 4 T O h . e_c i a 3 lf ee 4 trade is brisk at Fr i a C 5 Be asts , 4,343 hnibs , 2 53 0 „ , calve s,, ,fl eep and 1 ' 'mutton, veal, 3s to 4s lOs 3 9136 ARRIVALS. —Holland beasts, 1,017 • ditto sheep, ' 6 0 ' ditto calves, 222. Spanish sheep, 130.' Scotch beast:oo Cambridge, Leicester, Lincoln, and Northampton ;is 4s 35 4d to bs 2,850. RAILWAY ACCIDENT. 10 0 1 ' We understand—the account reaching us just as . to 11 going to press, we have not had time to enquire 00 t ticulars—that a fearful accident occurred last uig il h of ofl East Lancashire railway, which resulted in the dea t of the drivers of the train and a feinale passenger• were injured. The Cabinet Council sat three hours an d ay. on Saturday. t Isl 4 The Melbourne papers announce that an electric i n e n g was about to be commenced from that town to Ge e ''' the Heads. The expense, it was expected, would n °t £7OOO. 0 5/6 GALE ON THE CORNISH COAST.—There was a sel ere 01/e on the Cornish coast on Thursday and Friday le st. 0 British vessel was wrecked, and one French schoon cr '„fi A CONVENT IN BELFAST.—The News _Letter saY s e i f: stated ft at a house in Donegal-square is being fitt or preA the reception of a Romish sisterhood. If this runle it ir" correct, the spectacle of a convent established in Dem - _ 4l be for the first time witnessed. P s ,•01 MORTALITY ON BOARD EMIGRA NT Sures.—T he ,0 York papers received on Sunday night, an nounce t_ 4o " of the following vessels at that port, with elninjesr board : Passengers . 11 Ship Centurion, Coombs, Liverpool 378 2 5 „ Statesman, Watts, Antwerp, 272 / „ Vancluse, Hewes, Havre, 288 7 6 ~ American Union, Kelly, Liverpnol 629 ; 7 .1 „ Guttenburg, Visser, Hamburg 296 Bark Sea Duck, Porter, Antwerp 170 „ N. Y. Packet, Wittenhoven, Antwerp 244 ~ Satellite, Amesbury, Havre 196 4 • Total 2,473 be rt ENLISTING A TURKISH SOLDIER.—AS BOOR Rs fr read the precepts, he is asked by the minister "ale P o "Will you faithfully fulfil these duties, and will rt ec ol a the chief of Islam, or not ?" If he s ays, " Yes," ne 6 ' l :I; a soldier at once; but in case he all e ges he is n°' ‘ ciently advanced, or has not strength enough t° Ot orS, fully with this solemn obligation, he is allowed to 1 , 0 co P o peace to his own home. To the common soldier l ie ss,, j tents of the prayers are read by the Imaum. If aboO s p l: " Yes," he leaps over a drawn scimitar, lying vi - eh es,."; scabbard on the floor • and this formality renders „" t irof gation indissoluble. 'Before the soldier quits the ,sP"bost, t ,i, this takes place, the Seraskier calls aloud to t° 4 . e t be military going out to join the army, "Children °' bat u 'io tan, go forth to the war, to victory or to death ; doto there be no shameful retreat. Whosoever ahe il t he colours shall lose his lif e , by thi s swor d. This is of God and his Prophet !"—Vienna Tremden TRIAL OF GRIFFITHS' S S CREW ON THE VALDIN I " L , ' ‘ pse DAY..—Yesterday. the Pacific Steam Navigation steamer Valdivia went out to sea for a trial trip, , i IG of since her arrived at this port, been fitted with ono t or' e t fiths's patent screws. There were several of the dirS o t 1 : 0, the company, and many gentlemen connected w7 c ir steam companies, on board, all of whom expressed t i diei a o tire satisfaction at the result of the trial. The P n . a ° N., an iron screw steamer , of about 800 tons moister , -1 , 1 3 d ed 130-horse power. She was built by Messrs. v Caird e fo is fo , of Greenock, and on her trial trip on the Clyde 511 : 40 0 0 1 a speed of 101 knots per hour, the engines makinr. lutions per minute. Since coming to Liverpool ~ortro been loadedwith cargo, and 260 tons of coal, and 01 . 2 0 i' tt thy yesterday she was carrying 100 tons more dead -wel disacl`:', l l e o her estimated capacity. Notwithstdnding these, cag l iDe tages, she accomplished 101 knots per hour, W e re oa,, making 36 revolutions per minute, and the press e r F a x of boilers being only 101bs. to the square inch. - 1 1 - r ..ps r 4 fl total absence of all unpleasant vibration in the aD e ori iis',. the vessel, so noticeable in vessels fitted with the o a chlo screw. The result of this trip, therefore, showed Je d 00 . tar for vessels having engines constr:Tolotio,cer, this principle, both in speed and , o t her And, as the Valdivia has multiplY' l3 ,7n fo r f o ar the revolution of the screw itself would be s' b ot reduced. The Valdivia remained outside ! de of o t h e hours, and on her return trip, a trial was n i '„..ol. tf anthracite fuel, which answered remarkably;i, fec"ore vessel was repeatedly tried going astern, provir . in e lly oo , „ i 6c with which her motive principle acts in that dire L oa rs( tio may add, all the vessels (six) of the Australian namely' add Co.'s line are being fitted with Griffith's screw, cilat iet , i$ Kangaroo, _Etneu, Dinormis, Black Sw an, . q ofoce o f Pelican. We have seen at Mr. Hamilton Lair d A o f 00 on e Exchange -street W es t, a b eau tiful silver mod eto the tell Griffiths's two-bladed feathering screws, similqa eto. fat fitted in the model of Her Majesty's yacht sent to the Emperor of Russia. The pP c 6ereWb o¢ to be fitted to some of the Russian navy N al Il e t r i