The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-01-27 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS. A press of matter yesterday has crowded out a great mass of communications —amongst others a well written " sketch of a scene in play-house square." We have not had time to read the lines by " Cigar." We are sorry we could not find room for the temperate letter of • • Anglicanus." He must bear in mind, however, that the objection to which he refers was raised by a paper extremely favourable to the Alliance, and which has supported its claims with no ordinary zeal and power. We may insert the letter in our next. We should wish for a little further information on the subject of •• an old correspondent's" 1 tter before inserting it. We have received a communic ti n respecting the contracts for the Pontoons for the landing stage at George's Dock. Our correspondent who gives his name, says that he fears the terms of the contract will debar many deserving parties from estim,ting, and as far as the boiler-makers of this town are concerned, the only ones who are capable of executing the whole, and finding the necessary large amount of security, are most of them busy with iron ship building. He expresses a hope that the Dock Trustees wi I relax the conditions, so as to enable many of our townsmen, who cau execute a part of the work, to get a portion of it. At all events he hopes the contract may not go out of the toWn. The revenue is de rived here, and will no doubt be expended here. To show the necessity of the dock extension contemp7ated by the Dock Committee, we may observe that we have at this moment sufficient commerce to absorb the entire dock accommo dation of the port, in existence and in course of formation. A glance at our river and our docks this very day w 11 afford evidence of the fact. The Mercury talks of parties being liable to a criminal prosecu tion for publishing, on onstamped paper, the Queen's Speech. for gratuitous distribution, because it is an article of news. If this be so, our contemporary almost daily subjects hirnself to a peualty ; and, for the sake of precision, we beg to ask him whether the publication, on unstamped paper, of the Return of the Municipal Election, which he issues annually, is not a greater offence against the•" clear and highly penal" clauses of the Stamp Act, than a similar publication of her Majesty's Address ? If our contemporary's legal knowledge be sound, all pi ice currents, share lists, and commercial circulars, nay, his own puffing placards, are infringements of the Stamp Act. As the Mercury persists in his calumny about the servants at the Town.hall having had their wages lowered. and as the old proverb says that there is no smoke without a fire, we may as well state the sole ground which can by possibility exist for such a pitiful story. We have the best authority (not that of the Mayor, for we have never seen his worship on the sub ject, but our authority is such that even the Mercury would respect) for saying, that the statements of our contemporary are untrue from beginning to end. We are informed that, without the sanction or knowledge of the Mayor, a member of the Town-hall staff indirectly alluded, in the presence of one of the waiters, to some such reduction ; but his worship was highly indignant when informed of the circumstance, and expressed his great displeasure at any such intimation having been made. Our contemporary must know, if he will allow h , s judgment to have fair play for once, that he has been mis nformed, and that our statement contains the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth. By some oversight we omitted to correct an error which has appeared two weeks consecutively, and which completely marred the sense-of the well written address of Mr. Briscoe, in our first pager It will be found corrected to-day. f<.r.,Dt W.ibrrpool *tanriarb. TUESDAY MORNING, JA:;. 27, 1846. The question which has so long agitated men's minds is now solved. Although we know not the precise details of the measure, we know sufficiently well that Sir Robert Peel's Conservative Govern- ment—a Governmein raised to power for the ex- press object of supporting the principle of protec tion, as applied both to native industry and to the Established Church of the land—is about to repeal the Corn-laws, and to succumb to the agitation, of which Mr. Cobden is the leader, and of which Sir Robert Peel is about to become the humble fol lower. The principle of protection is now gone. It is trampled beneath the feet of the Anti-Corn-law League. Another generation may marvel to learn that the statesman who, in 1840, denounced the proposition of a fixed duty of Bs. per quarter on foreign grain, and, on the strength of that denun ciation, succeeded to the chief place in the Govern ment of this mighty empire, was found, in 1846, proposing the admission of foreign grain duty free ; but sensible men, in this , generatiOn cannot marvel at all. - _ - We ourselves were perfectly prepared for it Long ago we prepared our readers for it. Friends without number told us we were wrong—we were uncharitable; that treachery like this could not be in a statesman, or in man. We spoke, however, of the Sir Robert Peel of 1829—0 f the man who broke his pledges to support his religion and his Pro testant Church—and we felt that we were justified in anticipating from him the further betrayal of the agricultural interest, as soon as ever the pressure from without should reach and incommode him. Whatever, therefore, may be the case with the public, Sir Robert Peel has not deceived us. The circumstances which have driven Sir Robert Peel to the adoption of the policy which he is about to propose to Parliament are stated by him self with sufficient clearness, and involve some most illogical conclusions. The -tone, indeed, of the entire speech in which they are conveyed—now of pleading to former supporters and now threatening —betray a confusion of mind and of purpose most unworthy of the vigour of intelleet which we look for in a great statesman. The failure of the potato crop was the first thing which brought to him a conviction of the necessity of prompt action with 'respect to the Corn-laws. He had, however, for the last three years, been watching the effect of the reductions made by his Tariff Act ; and " experi ence," he says, has convinced him that all the policy of his past statesmanship has been based upon error. My opinions," be says, "have been modified by the result of the experience of the last three years. I have had the opportunity of comparing the results which have followed during the three last years from that principle upon which you have been acting for some years past — namely, the gradual removal of protection on domestic industry, I have had the opportunity of comparing the periods of abundance and comparatively low prices with periods of scarcity and high prices (cheers) ; and I am led to the conclusion that the main grounds of public po licy on which protection has been defended are not tenable; at least I cannot maintain them." (Cheers.) He has discovered, from the experience of these years, that a low price of food does not necessarily imply a !ow rate of wages. Amazing discovery for a statesman who has held office under four sove reigns ! as Sir Robert Peel boasts of having done. " During the three years that preceded the month of October last. prices were comparatively low. There was comparative cheapness and plenty, and yet at no period Were the wages of labour higher than during that period. (Cheers ) If you take the:three preceding years, you will find high prices, and co-existent with high prices you will find low wages. (Cheers.) Well, then, I have six years ; I have during the first three years high prices and low wages; I have during the last three years low prices and high wages (cheers); and I cannot resist the conclusion that wages do not vary with the price of provisions." But what has this to do with the " conclusion" to which he las arrived, that protection is to be withdrawn from the industry of the country ? We shall not trouble ourselves to follow him through his lame attempt to vindicate his conver sion—his pompous repetition of the stale fallacies of the Anti-Corn-law League—but come at once to the real cause of his change of opinion, which will be best understood by giving that portion of his speech in which he details the course taken by him when he had determined to effect an alteration in the Corn-laws. Referring to the commission which was issued to inquire into the state of the potato and wheat crops, he says— " I could not consent to the issuing of these instructions to the commi-sion without reservingon my own part the power to propose to parliament some-measure of immediate re lief. The instructions were issued, and again I brought under the consideration of the cabinet what I had pressed on them on the Ist of Nov:mber—namely, the suspen sion of the restrictions upon irnportation,either by means of orders in council or by calling parliament together. But at that period my own position, I admit, was entirely changed. The lapse of time, the increase of cgitalion, and other circumstances had occurred materially affect ing my own position. 1 had been overruled in the cabinet. The- noble lord opliosite had in the interval written his letter (a laugh); and, giving him credit for the best intentions, I must say, it wes a letter which, after what had occurred in the cabinet (I'd most materi ally affect my positiou. The right hon. baronet was here very indistinctly heard for about a minute. He then pro ceeded as :follows :—We werejtaking, as it appeared to me, a natural and reasonable provision, not merely against a great disaster, but against a great calamity, and it was impossible for me, or those who gave advice to me that the potatoes would fail, to avoid taking such precautions as would justify us in the eyes of the conntry. I felt, therefore, on the 26th of November, that nothing but support of an united government—after the letter of the noble lord (hear, hear)—would give a chance to me to pass such a measure as I thought advisable. After that letter I should have appeared to be adopting the proposi tion of the noble lord On the 22nd of November his letter appeared, and that act of mine on the 26th of No vember, would have appeared to be a servile acquiescence in his view's." Here we have the secret of the.sudden conversion let out. " Agitation " was impelling the _minister towards ultra Free Trade policy. Already he was engaged in the task of bringing round his colleagues to his own opinions, when—oh, that unfortunate " Letter of the noble Lord! " It told the aspiring artist, whilst on the very point of completing the great work which was to astonish the world with its boldness of design and beauty of detail, that he was but a copyist after all ; and, in despair, he threw away brush and pallette and prepared to follow the more original author. Sir Robert Peel threw down the reins of Government—submitted the country to a long interregnum—inflicted upon every' branch of commerce and of industry uneasiness and injury, because, although prepared to carry out Free Trade to its fullest extent, " after that letter be would have APPEARED to be adopting the pro- position of the noble Lord! " What miserable vanity is here ! What inconceivable littleness of mind ! He threw up what he tells us he was con vinced was an imperative duty, and was called for to avert a great national calamity, because, " after that letter," the world would not give him the credit of originality ! Sir Robert has never had much of this quality of a great statesman to throw away; and his vexation at being in some measure anticipated by Lord John is only natural. We are not at all sure, however, that the measure which was floating in the mind of the Premier on the 26th of November will prove to have been the same which we now confidently ex pect to receive at his hand. It will be found, we suspect, that the letter of Lord John, with its an nouncement of his adhesion to total and immediate repeal, has urged Sir Robert Peel very far beyond the point at which his mind was hesitating. In the communication addresseil by the Whig leader to her Majesty, he says : " Sir Robert Peel's letter to your Majesty, commu nicated to Lord John Russell at Osborne-house, offers the support of Sir Robert Peel to his successors, provided their measures should be founded on certain principles, which are there explained, and framed in a spirit of cau tion and forbearance towards the interests to be affected. " The measures which Sir Robert Peel had in contem plation appear to have been the present suspension of the duties on corn—a repeal of the corn-laws at no remote period, preceded by a diminution of duties; relief to the occupiers of land from burdens by which they are pe culiarly affected, as far as it may be practicable." To the first portion of the scheme Lord John ex pressed his perfect assent; but objected that to re impose the duties, with a view to their gradual termination, would he found to be most impolitic and itnpraticable. He applied, therefore, to Sir Robert Peel for a more extended pledge of assistance, which was, however, refused, hut in such terms as induced him to take office depending upon such assistance. We infer from all the circumstances, and the whole tenor of the correspondence, that the measures to be announced this evening by Sir Robert himself will go far beyond his original intention, if they do not go beyond even those of Lord John Russell. A few hours, however, will render speculation on the subject unnecessary. The intense interest and alarm which has for some time prevailed amongst the monied interests in the city, and commercial men throughout the country, with respect to the effect of the with drawal of a large amount of capital from circulation during the process of paying over the deposits on the various new schemes into the hands of the Ac countant-General, has not been relieved by the reply of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on Friday even ing, to the question put to him by Lord John Rus sell. The noble Lord urged, on the part of his constituents, such a departure this year from the strict letter of the Ist and 2nd Victoria as would allow the required operation to be performed by the deposit of securities, as in the case of ordinary business transactions, instead of money ; and adduced, as a reason for entertaining great apprehension of the result of the Act being literally complied with, the fact that already, to meet the anticipated emergency, the Bank had contracted the period of loans for commercial pur poses from the ordinary one of one or two months to twenty-one days. Mr. Mangles and Mr. Master man adduced other strong reasons in favour of the suggestion of Lord John being conceded to. The latter gentleman, and his large'experience ought to have great weight, stated that " he could assure the Chancellor of the Exchequer that, with respect to the money market, considerable inconvenience was already felt, because all persons were compelled to save up their money, thereby crippling accomoda tions for commercial purposes, to the detriment of the community at large." The reply of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, negativing the proposals of the City members, does not appear to us to be dictated by his usual acumen and knowledge of financial operations. By the standing order, sought to be relaxed, he says, " all persons embarked in railway speculations were bound to make a certain deposit previous to the presentation of their petitions to the House." We might reply that the deposit in question has been made by " persons embarked in railway specu lations." Their money—the money at least of such of them as will present petitions—is already lodged with their bankers or otherwise invested in sufficient securities—viz., Exchequer Bills, India Bonds, ap proved Bills, or Consols. It is only the London bankers who seek to be relieved from the necessity of performing the operation of handing over the value in such a shape as will not derange the currency of the country. What necessity can there be of throw ing all these upon the market for conversion into money to be handed over to the Accountant- General, when the next day, or the next week, they will have to be re-invested in similar securities ? The object of the requirement of the Act was to ensure bona fide paid up share lists ; and that object is equally answered in whatever mode the financial process of handing over the deposits to the Board of Trade is performed, so long as the money has been bona fide contributed by the shareholders. The Chancellor urges, as one ground of his re fusal, his belief that the apprehensions entertained are exaggerated ; and that " difficulties had origi nated to parties from the extent to which their spe culation had gone." In reply to the first argument, it is enough to know, that apprehension does exist, and must continue to exist until the extent of the difficulty to be met is known—in other words, until the whole money is paid over. And, in reply to the latter, we can only repeat that the question is not one affecting the speculators at all, but solely one bearing upon those whose interests are con nected with the maintenance of the currency of the country in a secure and even position. The spe culators in railways have performed their contract — have paid their five and ten per cent. upon their railway projects. Is the whole commercial commu nity to be thrown into difficulty for the next two months, because Government and the Bank of England cannot agree upon the easiest mode of performing their part of the operation ? We say not; and we think we are warranted in saying so. We gave, in our publication of the 15th of July, a mass of statistical facts derived from that most valuable publication " Burns's Commercial Glance," for the half year ending June 30th, 1845, which afforded evidence of an increase in the extent and prosperity of the cotton trade, unparalleled in the history of that or any other branch of the industry of the country. Another publication of the same important compilation is now before us, giving the results of the cotton trade up to the close of the past year, from which we proceed to offer to our readers a few of the most instructive and impor tant items. It has always been maintained by us, that the mere amount of the raw material consumed in fur nishing the exports of the country was no satis factory test of the real value of our export trade; but that such value was dependent upon the extent to which the price of such raw material had -been enhanced by the amount of labour and skill em ployed in its preparation for foreign markets. Mere figures, stating that so many millions value of any article have been exported, whose raw material we do not produce, prove nothing beyond the employ ment'of the country's capital. What we want to know is, by how much the country's industry has been employed and- the people's comfort has been advanced. Hence we have wished to see our ex ports consist of those articles upon which the fullest amount of human industry and skill has been employed ; and as affording evidence of a sa tisfactory aspect of Our commerce viewed in ti.is light, we congratulated. the country upon the evi dence afforded by " Burns's Commercial Glance" for the first six months of the past year. The document before us, exhibiting the exports of the whole year, we are glad to say, shows similar results to the half-yearly statement Upon which we last commented. It gives an increase in the extent of most of the perfected manufactures, and either a decrease, or a stationary position, in those upon which the smallest amount of skill is employed. Thus; the' exports of cotton yarn in 1844 were 130,214,437 lbs., and in 1845, they were 131,937,935 lbs.,—an increase not at all in propor tion to the total increase of our exported cotton manufactures. Some most singular features, by the bye, are indicated under this head, which will furnish matters for comment at another oppOrtu nity. At present, however, as affording an index of the progress of the trade in this branch of ex ports, we must state that in 1843, the yarns ex ported were 149,214,437 lbs., or considerably more than either of the last two years' exportation ; in 1842, 136,537,162 lbs., whilst the average of the five preceding years was under 110,000,000 lbs. The next item on the upward scale of importance is plain calicoes. Of these, the exports were, in THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. 1845, 613,138,645 yards ; in 1844, 569,677,792 yards ; in 1843, 520,941,635 yards ; in 1842, 366,040,519 yards ; and in 1841, 366,946,452 yards—or an increase in five years of nearly three sevenths ! In the report of printed and dyed calicoes there has been a slight decrease, the quan tities being, in 1845, 310,850,697 yards, against 313,111,455 yards in 1844. In 1843, however, the quantity was only 257,787,304 yards; in 1842, 236,012,641 yards ; and, in 1841, 278,748,275 yards. In cotton thread there is also a slight de crease from 2,731,039 to 2,567,705 lbs. in 1845. In damasks and diapers, there is an advance ; but this seems a variable article. In muslins and cam brics, the advance is from 3,180,545 yards in 1844 to 4,797,968 yards in 1845. We may mention that, upon this article, the average per cent age of labour comprised in the exportable value is about 80 per cent. We pass over the minor articles, which fluctuate, according to the quantities exported in preceding years. The whole summary, however, indicates a large increase in the export of those commodities in particular, upon which the labour of the people is most largely employed. The margin of profit in the prices of goods ex ported is equally favourable to the industry and the capital of the country. In 1844, we exported of yarn in manufactured goods 322,362,810 lbs., in weight and in value £20,500,949; in 1845, we ex ported in manufactured goods 336,866,327 lbs. in weight, and 'in value £22,063,808—a difference canclusive as to the superior value, so far as the in dustry of the country is concerned, of the exports of 1845 over those of 1843. The prices, too, which spinners have been receiving in ie two years are equally satisfactory, on the most impor tant counts of yarn. For these, however, which will require a more lengthy analysis than we have room for, we must refer our readers to the " glance" itself, which ought to be in the counting-house of every mercliant, and in the hands of every states man. MEETING OF THE BRAZE LINN ASSOCIATION. A meeting of this association was held on Saturday to consider the steps to be taken to meet the decree of the Brazilian government, enacting that the decree of Rio, by which the representatives of British subjects deceased were allowed to administer should be suspended, and the terms of the treaty of the French, bearing date in 1836, should be exacted, so far as British subjects are concerned. The treaty in question provides for the extension of full privileges in. cases of the decease of foreigners in Brazil, only towards those whose governments have with that country commenced treaties of mutual advantage; and, although it has hitherto been interpreted in favour of this country, it appears that, owing to the operation of the bill of last session for repressing slavery, we are now to be ejected from the advantage of its provisions. A me morial of the association, upon the subject, is to be pre pared for presentation to the government. The subj ct of this evening's lecture at St. Andrew's Church is, "The moral influence of Companionship." Mr. Watson, M.P., has given notice of a bill "for the further repeal of enactments imposing pains and penal ties on Roman Catholics." On Friday, at Mullingar, before the special commis sioner, Bryan Seary was found guilty of discharging a loaded gun at Sir Francis Hopkins, in November last. BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. - Mr. Cardwell was to move last night, that the house do meet every Wednesday, at twelve o'clock, for private business, and sit until six, unless business be sooner disposed of. That, when disposed of. or at six precisely, notwith standing there may be business under discussion, Mr. Speaker do leave the chair, without putting any question. _ That, whenever the house shall be in a committee at six, the Chairman immediately report progress, and ask leave to sit again, and when such leave has been given, Speaker leave the chair, without putting any question. Also, _ . other motions for the government of the house. IMPORTATIONS OF GRAIN FROM IRELAND.—During the past year we have imported no less than 256,265 quar ters of wheat and 52,727!t0ns of flour from Ireland atone. Besides. we imported 213,735 quarters of oats and 25,750 tons of oatmeal; yet this is the state of things when the repeal is fiercely agitated, and O'Connell, its leader, is coming over to vote for a repeal of the corn laws, which will give to foreigners the very market which Leland now enjoys. and whose advantages feed and clothe her farmers ! Can we depend upon foreigners for this supply, when Ireland has ceased to find it worth her while to exert herself to afford it to us ? FRUIT AND CAKE STANDS IN THE STREETS.—Yes terday, at the Police Court, a man, whose gingerbread board had been taken from him by a police-officer, and lodged in the Bridewell, as having therewith obstructed the street, applied to Mr. Rushton to have it restored. Mr. Rushton inquired upon what authority it bad been taken possession of, be being apparently under the im pression that all that could be done in such cases was to drive the party away, and if he continued the obstruction, to proceed against him by information. The officer pro duced his printed book of instructions, issued from the Watch Committee, directing that boards, baskets, or the like, should, in such cases, be taken to Bridewell. Mr. Rushton appeared to be somewhat surprised, and directed the man to call upon the head-constable to represent the case to him, and to say, that he (Mr. R.) would not in terfere. He had previously ordered the board, &c. to be restored to the owner. PRAYER BOOK AND HOMILY SOCIETY.—We invite attention to an advertisement in our columns of this day, announcing a public meeting to be held in the Music Hall, Bold-street, on Monday next, February 2nd,' in favour of this society. This society has proved itself most efficient in its labours to improve the moral charac ter of our seamen. and to promote the observance of the Lord's Day on board ships, when at sea. Its labours on shore have proved truly beneficial in promoting true reli gion, according to the sound doctrines of the scripture, set forth in the articles of religion, and other formularies and works of the Church of England. And its foreign operations have greatly assisted the labours of Christian missionaries in many parts abroad. It is expected that the deputation from the Parent Society will give in detail many very interesting and striking facts resulting di rectly or indirectly from the society's labours both at home and abroad, who, we understand, will be supported by the speeches of the Rev. Hugh Mc. Neile, Rev. Dr. Tattershall, Rev. J. H. Stewart, and others The so ciety's agents in the London river only, have visited or revisited, during the last twenty years, upwards of 50,000 ships, and other vessels. An agent has likewise been ac tively and usefully engaged at Liverpool, in. the same work, for the last ten years. We earnestly wish the society great and increasing success. TEMPTATIONS TO TRACTARIANISM.—The Rev. An thony Denison, having publicly expressed, through the newspapers, his gratitude to the author of " The Ideal Church," and to the proctors at Oxford for preventing the condemnation of Tract 90 principles of subscription, is forthwith rewarded by a living of £9OO a year from the Bishop of Salisbury, and an examining chaplainship by the Bishop of Bath and Wells! A second Anthony, Dr. Grant, tries to get rid, by a side-wind, of the condemna tion of Mr. Ward at Oxford, and his curate, Mr. Penny, having gone over to Rome, is himself rewarded by a pre bendal stall at St. Paul's, and the archdeaconry of St. Albin's, by the Bishop of London. Mr. Benjamin Har rison, late one of Dr. Pusey's Hebrew lecturers (the other two are already gone over to Rome), is presented with the archdeaconry of Maidstone, and a domestic chaplaincy, by the Archbishop of Canterbury ; and this week again, the Rev. Edward Churton, Rector of Crake, the intimate friend of the author of Tract 90, and whose name appears as thanking the proctors for preventing the condemnation of its principles (I suppose because he came forward at that period to testify in favour of Mr. Newman's morality, and his " high and well-merited esteem for his charac ter,") is rewarded by the archdeaconry of Cleveland, by the Archbishop of York.—Church and Slate Gazelle. THE NEW LANDING STAGE AT GEORGE'S PIER.— We have seen the plans and specifications of the pon toons or iron boats that will support this landing stage and, for the information of our readers who ere not likely to become es'imators for the work, and consequently could not obtain access to the plans, we give a feW par ticulars respecting it. The stage will be constructed in a temporary dry dock at the noith end of the town, and at • such a heicht from the bottom as to allow the pontoons to be placed in their proper positions under the stage. There will be thirty-nine of these pontoons altogether, which (except the two end ones, which are about three times as wide as the others) are 10 feet wide each, making, with the space between the pontoons, one stage about 500 feet ►ong, tapered at each end so as to form two bows, to op pose the t'de• way. The sides of the stage, which, of course, will be the ends of the pontoons, are squire, so as to admit of the ferry-buts to come alongside ; and, while at this part of our description, we would recom mend the proprietors of the different ferries to have an overhanging platform to their boats, to be always parallel with the stage, so that passenf!ers can land more quickly, or, in other words, pour into or on to the stage a whole broadside at once, which will he much better than wend ing through a gangway, one after another, which takes up a great deal of time. There will be a man-hole in each pontoon, so as to repair any defects or get any water out, should there be any leakage. CONFERENCE OF REPEAL MEMBERS. — On Saturday , a conference of repeal members took place in the Conci liation-hall, Dublin. The O'Connelis attended, and Captain Seaver was called to the chair. On the motion of Mr. John O'Connell, a resolution was passed, " that the Irish members going over to London do hereby pledge themselves to oppose to the utmost all Government co ercive measures which shall be brought forward, if they are not accompanied by measures calculated to settle the differences as between landlords and tenants in Ireland." It was understood, however, that the meeting was not pledged to support a coercion bill, under any circum stances. Frequent allusion was made by the speakers to the advice of the Dublin Mail to form an Irish Conserva tive party, and Mr. O'Connell asked if any Conservative gentleman was present to propose the formation of such an Irish party, but no response was made. Mr. O'Con nell said he would be happy to act under the Conservative leader of such a party, if they could only establish it. The London Correspondent of the Mail, at the conclusion of his letter, in that paper of Friday, says, " Let Sir Robert L propose such a plan as, while it disgusts the agriculturists, shall fail to satisfy the abolitionists, and a junction be tween the two becomes inevitable, and then may Sir Robert bid a long farewell to all his greatness." Mr. O'Connell quoted this passage in his speech, and uttered a solemn " amen l" to it. THE PROGRESS OF IRON SHIPBUILDING IN LIVERPOOL: Amongst the numerous objects of interest which our -own presents, perhaps few arc more important than the orogress now making in the new and rising art of Iron Shipbuilding. • We have opportunities of noticing this ;object, from the occasional launches of iron ships which take place from the various building yards. There is now, however, more than usual activity in this branch of , msiness ; and were it not • for the difficulty of obtaining .nen, and the unsettled state in which they are kept by continual combinations, there would be even more vessels building. The use of iron is not now confined solely to steamers. In these vessels it has for some years nearly superseded the use of timber. But we have now several iron sailing ships in course of construction, in which small auxiliary steam power is to be employed ; and •we have heard it stated—and, we think, with much correctness—that the use of iron in merchant ships, for long voyages, will be introduced in conjunction with the application of the screw propeller, to be worked in addition to sails. The several unsuccessful attempts to employ iron sailing ships and the :crew propeller, have retarded their introduction ; but those best informed in such matters state, that the defeats that have arisen Are not necessarily attendant on the principle, but, on the contrary, that in the variou's trials which have been made, all the elements of success have • been in one or other of them developed, requiring only a sound combination to es'ablish the system perma nently. In our description of the works now in progress, it will be seen that, in gddi ion to the regular steamers, several iron sailing ships, with auxiliary steam power, are building. The extensive new premises erected by Messrs. Vernon and Co., being highest up the river, first reohire attention, No expense has been spared by these builders to provide the most efficient means for carrying on their work. Three very fine ships are now on the stocks, two of which will be launched , to-morrow. The first is the Windsor, of about 800 tons, building for the City of Dublin Company, from the plans of Mr. Grantham. From the fineness of the model great speed may be expected. She has a figure-head of William the Conqueror, the founder of Windsor Castle. The second vessel, of the same dimensions as the Windsor, is for the Cork Company, and is called the Ajax. The third is a very large steamer, of about 1300 tans, building for the Peninsular and Oriental Company ; this vessel is about "half plated. Messrs. Vernon and Co. have also orders for two more steamers, one of about 700 tons, also for the Cork Company, and one of 300 tons for Fleetwood, from Mr. Grantham's plans. At Messrs. Hodgson and Co.'s works, Brunswick Dock, five iron vessels are now building. That nearest completion is about 250 tons, and is to be worked by a screw. She is intended fear Buenos Ayres. The next is the " Antelope" of nearly 600 tons, intended as a packet ship between this port and the Brazils. She is of great length, and very fine lines, and is to be powerfully rigged. The next to her is a large vessel for the New York trade, to be about 1000 tons old measurement, or 1500 tons new. She is to be heavily rigged, and with four masts. These two last vessels are built from the plans of Mr. Grant ham, and are to be propelled by the screw, on his patent direct principle. Their performance is looked forward to with great interest, as likely to determine the success of this system for long voyages. Two other vessels are in this yard : one for Bombay, of about 300 tons, and one for the Woodside Ferry. Mr. Cato has orders for four vessel , . all from the plans of Mr. Grantham : one of 650 tons, lately launched but not yet completed, for the City of Dublin Company, to be worked by paddle-wheels. Also two vessels of 300. tons, and are for the same company, to be fitted with the screw-propeller, and rigged as three-masted schooners. We noticed the launch of one these in our last journal. Mr. Laird, the well-known builder at Birkenhead, has also five steamers in the course of construction. We lately noticed the launch of the large frigate, the " Bir kenhead," of 1400 tons, and then gave a full description of her. She is now receiving her engines in the Trafalgar dock, and looks remarkably well. Three other vessels are intended for the Folkstone station, to be similar to a beautiful steamer lately com pleEed for the same line, named the " Prince Ernest," which has been highly approved of for her speed and good qualities. The first iron steam vessel which appeared on the Mersey was built in Staffordshire, and came here in 1824, and the first that was built here, was constructed by Messrs. Fawcett, Preston and Co., in 1829; both of these were intended for the inland navigation of Ireland. They have been constantly at work, and are said to be still in good condition. While on this subject we may relate an interesting fact that has come to our knowledge. In Mr. Grantham's work on iron shipbuilding he describes an iron steamer, the Aaron Manby, which was built in this country in 1821, and sent to the Seine, where she worked between Havre and Rouen. This steamer, with two others built about the same time, have been most severely worked and much neglected, but were, on examination lately, found to be in such good condition that a firm in Rouen has undertaken to lengthen them, preparatory to receiving new machinery, and being again fitted for service. THE ADVANCING PROSPERITY OF LIVER POOL INDICATED BY THE OPERATION OF TS BUILDING SOCIETIES. It has always been customary to adduce the number of depositors and the amount of deposits in the savings' banks as tests of the prosperity, or otherwise, of the mid dle and lower classes ; and we lately applied this test most satisfactorily to the condition of our own community. 'there have, however, sprung up within the last few years a number of societies, well secured and regulated by act of Parliament, which offer great temptations for gradual accumulation, superseding to a great extent the Savings' Bank, and whose operation ought to be considered when taking that institution as a test of prosperity, if their own , flourishing condition is not itself the best test of the grow ing improvement of the condition and habits of a people. From a source, upon whose means of information and ca pacity of judging we can rely, we are enabled to lay the following data before our teaders, with respect to the present condition of the most important, and in principle the most valuable of these societies—viz. the building so cieties—in Liverpool. There are of these societies, at present in active opera. • tion in this town, about 100, in which the receipts from depositors, for the purchase of property or for accumula tion, vary from £7O or £BO per month to £5OO or £6OO. The average of the whole, we are informed, is under estimated at £2OO a month. This will make, for each society, £2400 per annum ; and, for the whole, the amazing sum of £240,000 per annum ; deposited princi pally by the middle clas•es—by shopkeepers, artizans, clerks—and a portion even by the labouring classes. Upwards of two-thirds of this amount is estimated to be applied to the purchase or erection of buildings in Liver pool and its vicinity, thus accounting for the rapid growth of the town ; and the remainder is deposited simply for ac cumulation, and to reap the advantages which the societies afford. The average period over which the payments extend is 10 or 11 years ; at the end of which period the depositors, if they have purchased or built property, have such pro perty free, or if cot, receive the amount of their payments in cash with the accumulated interest, fines, forfeitures ; &c. We have thus the savings of the middle and working classes of the town, to the extent of two-thirds of their contributions to these societies—say £l6o,ooo—annually vested in the real property, and attached to the town and its interests; and, as a result of the successful working of the system, and its more general appreciation, a large number of the working classes, who have hitherto made no provision for old age or casualty, are aspiring and making strenuous efforts to be able to call their own the houses in which they live or some other tangible property. We are requested to announce that the London Standard, containing Sir Robert Peel's Speech, will leave London on Tuesday night, by special express, and will arrive at the office of Messrs. WILLME It and SMITH, 32, Church-street, on Wednesday morning, at Five o'clock. MORE PERVERTS.—On Sunday, at Birmingham, the Rev. Mr. Formby, rector of Ruardean, in Herefordshire, formerly of Brasenose College, and the Rev. Mr. Border. who had been lately assisting at Ruardean, were received into the Romish Church by Dr. Wiseman. Last week, a passenger on the Sheffield railway, having for some cause neglected to leave the carriage at the sta tion for which he was booked, took the very rash step of jumping out of the carriage when at full speed, and coming in contact with some masonry,. his head was li terally smashed, and instant death ensued. CHURCH EXTENSION.—Last night, a meeting was held in St. James's Church School-room, to promote the scheme of erecting new churches in Toxteth-park. Mr. Councillor Harbprd was in the chair, and in a pleasing manner pressed the object on the sympathy of the meet ing. The other speakers were the Revs. D. D. Stewart and H. Hampton, Mr. Fisher, Mr. ilarbord, surgeon, and Mr. Councillor Royden. Mr. Alderman Chilton was also present. ,RAILWAY COLLISION.— On Friday evening, the mail train on the Great North of England Railway was pro ceeding near the Lessay Station, and was rather earlier than usual, and was going at the rate of about ten miles an hour past the station, when another train was discovered in advance on the same line, and though the steam was put off instantly and the break applied, a violent collision took place, which broke the engines, damaged several of the carriages, and injured a number of passengers. One lady was cut much about the head and face, and one gentleman received a severe blow on the leg. It appears that the train run into was a coal train on the wrong line, it being changing from one to the other when the mail train was observed coming. PRICES OF IRON.—From the early part of June, 1822, to June, 1824, we find the extreme fluctuations to be 71. per ton and 91. per ton ; in the January following the was, however, advanced to 14/. per ton, although, again, in the same [year, we find it it to have declined to 101. per ton—showing so large a difference, in so limited a period, as to afford conclusive evidence, that the market was not in a healthy state. In 1826 and 1827 the highest quotation was 91. per ton, the lowest 81. per ton ; in 1828 it had again fallen to 71. per ton; in 1829, to 6/. per ton ; in 1830 to 51. lOs , and, again, in 1831, to 5/. ' • while, in 1832, the price had dropped to 41. 15s. In the latter part , of 1833, prices again rallied ; and 71. was the quotation ; another drop, however, took place in the succeeding year, and, in 1835, we again find the price had fallen to 51. 155., but advanced full 21. per ton before its close. In the suc ceeding year 1836, we find again another start—bars hav ing been sold at 111. per ton; in 1837, ,within twelve months, the price was again quoted at 61., and again an advance to 9/. taking place within some two or three months afterwards. The years 1838 and 1839 show the • only fluctuations of from 91. to 101. ; but, in 1840, another reduction took place—the price in July of that year being quoted at 71 10s. In 1841 it bad again further dropped to 51. 151. •, in 1842 to 51., and again, in 1843, to 41. ; while, in 1844, the highest price, we believe quoted is 61. Ili 1845 bars rose again to 101.. although a trifling decline has since taken place. NOVEL CASE UNDER THE NEW MERCHANT SEAMEN'S ACT. Yesterday, six 'seamen who had performed the voyage from this port to the river Bonny and back, in the ship Kingston, preferred two informations against the owners of the vessel, under the Merchant Seamen's Act,—the first for a short supply of provisions while on board ; and the second, for art insufficient supply of lime juice, vine gar, and sugar. The vessel belongs to Messrs. John and Richard Rollinson, one of whom appeared in Court, and stated in the outset, that he did not consider they were themselves amenable to the complaint,inasmuch as the ship had been chartered at so much a month for the voyage, by Mr. Harrison, (who was ready to take the re sponsibility), and they (the owners) had had nothing to do with provisioning the ship. Mr. Rushton said, that the Act imperatively threw the responsibility upon the owner or the captain, in such cases, in the same manner as in claims for seamens' wages ; and as the captain who took the vessel out had died, he had no other resource but to hear the case as against the former. Mr. Rollinson said that, in that case he must submit ; but, as he was not really to blame, if any wrong bad been done, he trusted the reporters of the press would represent that fact, so that he might not be placed in a false and indefensible position. Mr. Rushton said that, certainly, under the circum stances stated, no blame could be attached to the owners of the vessel, whatever were the result. Mr. Robert Norris, solicitor, appeared for the defence, and the witnesses being sworn, a seaman named Cheese man, and another- named Woodward (the carpenter), Watson, and others gave evidence successively. From this, it appeared that, they had signed articles in the usual way, and that these articles specified the quan tity, and kind of provisions that should be served out, day by day. They sailed from this port on the 7th of May last, under Captain W. Miller, who died on the Coast about three weeks after their arrival. They pro duced'a statement, written from time to time by two of them, setting f"rth the defalcations of provisions, &c., with the dates of the commencement and continuance of such short allowance. It appeared that about the 3d of July, half a pound of flour per week, per man, was stop ped, and nothing given in lieu of it. From the 18th of September they had no allowance of lime juice, &c. On the 2d November, the new captain put on board, put them again on full allowance, but they received no lime juice on the passage home, and for some time their allow ance of pork and beef was reduced from one half-pound to one quarter pound, and on one day a-week the pork was omitted. On the 22d November their pound each, per week, of sugar was stopped, and from the 25th of that month their allowance of beef and pork vsas reduced one quarter pound on each day when it was served. The vinegar was stopped on the 20th December, as it fell short. There were various other items and circumstances men tioned, but they were of little importance. It is proper to state, however, that the complainants stated, that both Captain Miller (the deceased) and Captain Kneeves who brought the ship home, treated them with great kindness and consideration throughout; and that the fault of being short of provisions and other necessaries lay entirely with the cargo-master or captain, (named Dyson,) on the coast, who improvidently and wrongfully made away with the ship's stores. .They, spoke highly of both their sea captains. both having occasionally got them such small quantity of fresh meat as they could purchase. On one occasion, they had received from Captain Miller, on the coast, the bind-quarters of a goat, and from Captain Kneeves, on the passage home, some canisters of beef, and a pig, purchased by him at sea. The court was finally of opinion that no blame was to be attached to them, or to the owner or, char. terers ; and that enough had been put on board 'to serve the voyage, had it not been given away and improvi dently used by Dyson ; but that the act required that the men should be paid for the deficiency by the only tangi ble persons, the owners of the ship. A calculation was then made of the amount, and it was agreed to so far, as reasonable at 4d. per day, on each day of defalcation, making in all about 38s. 6d. to be paid to each man, sub ject, however, to a revision against to-morrow. Captain Kneeves was present, but as be could not say that the men had their full allowance throughout, though they had got all the ship' had to give, he was not examined, as his testimony could not have altered the decision. FEARFUL DISASTER IN ALGERIA A letter from Setif, dated the 10th inst., gives the follow ing details of the disaster which has befallen the French column under General Levasseur " On December 12 or 13, Colonel Herbillon, of the Glst, commandant of the circle of Batna, left this point with two battalions of his regiment, to put a stop to the insur rection which threatened to extend to this country." The letter then gives an account of the operations from the 23d ult. to the 2d inst., which comprised a succession of butcheries, burnings, the razing to the ground of every house and hovel, the cutting across of every fruit tree, the destruction of every morsel of food, and otherwise most completely depopulating and desolating various districts of the country. After this prelude, the letter proceeds— "On the 2d January, about three o'clock, the snow be gan to fall, blinded our eyes, and rendered the ground to tally impassable for the mules. On the 3d, after a night of continual snow, the column renewed its march. As it welt on the snow still came down and covered the roads to the depth of eighteen inches, so that the' troops could no longer find their way. At midnight they were in the middle of a vast plain without a morsel of wood for fir ing, the men dying with cold, and the Arab guides com pletely lost. The men continued to sink under hunger, cold, and fatigue, till a feeling of desolation pervaded all hearts, and order and discipline were at an end. The few tents there were became so crowded that the men stifled each other, amidst the groans of the dying. Never was so afflicting a spectacle seen since the Russian campaign. The dawn of the 4th came on at last, and all the men and baggage that could be mustered and collected moved on, the covalry taking the lead, towards Setif, which was about ten leagues off. The men had been two days with out food, and fell every moment from weakness and be came frozen. At four in the afternoon the cavalry reached Setif, and gave the sad news to the inhabitants, who hasteded out to the assistance of the exhausted men, taking all their cattle and conveyances to bring in those who were no longer able to march—finding at every step unfortunate soldiers without shoes, and dying with cold and hunger. From the 4th up to the present day, we are every minute seeing men brought in by the inhabitants, but between two and three hundred are still missing." The Algerie gives a sketch of the above disastrous af fair, which includes a statement that 30 . officers have been taken into the hospital at Setif, with their extremities fro zen—the detachment of the African tliasseurs had five men and several horses killed by the cold ; of the waggon train 15 are dead; of the 43d of the line, which was mak ing its first campaign in Africa, the grenadier company has almost entirely disappeared, and nearly all the mule teers put in requisition have perished. The Alarie states, that on the Bth more than one-third of the column had not got back to Setif, consequently the fate of 800 men remained unknown. Lord and Lady Francis Egerton had the honour of dining with ber Majesty on Saturday. The Rev. Dr. Booth, Vice Prinaipal of the Collegiate Institution, has, in consequence of his contributions to mathematical science, been elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. THE EXCHANGE BUlLDlNGS.—Yesterday the annual meeting of the proprietors of the Exchange Buildings was held at the Cotton-Salesroom. R. S. Henderson, Esq., occupied the chair, and announced that during the past year the committee had considered the question of con verting the buildings into offices, but that, after a great deal of labour and discussion, they eventually came to the conclusion, that such a step would be extremely doubtful, and that the most judicious course to pursue would be to renew the leases for seven years. The leases were accordingly renewed, from the 31st of December last. Mr. Sudlow, secretary, read a statement of the financial accounts. from which it appeared that the re ceipts for the past year were upwards of £6OO over and above those of the year preceding. The accounts were approved, end ordered to be printed end circulated ; and upon the motion of Mr. T. Bolton, a dividend 61 9 guineas per share was declared, and ordered to be paid. In lieu of five retiring members of the committee, the five fol lowing gentlemen were appointed :—Mr. Harmood Ban ner, Mr. Thomas Bolton, Mr. Henry R. Sandbach, Mr. Wm. Titherington, and Mr. James H. Wrigley. The committee were then authorised to act on behalf of the proprietors in such manner as they might think right, ex cept where restricted by the act of parliament ; and after a vote of thanks to the chairman, the meeting separated. We understand that Messrs. WILLA/ER and SMITH will, on Wednesday next, by a special express, receive all the London Morning papers about noon. DECREASE OF CRIME. WITH THE INCREASED PROS PERITY OF TILE COUNTRY.—" My right hon. friend at the head of the Home Department stated that reductions had taken place in the number of commitments in the year 1842 ; in 1843 there was also a decrease ; and the decrease in the commitments remarkable in 1813 and 1844 continued in 1845. The total number of commit ments in 1845 was 24,350, that is, 2,237 less than in the lowest preceding year, 1842—a decrease of 5 per cent. on the crimes of the preceding year. In 1843 there was a decrease of 5 1 per cent. ; in 1844 a decrease of 10 3-10 2 per cent.; in 1845 a decrease of 5-1 per cent., and all this in an increasing population. This decrease of crime in the last year has taken . place in all the chief manufac turing di•tricts, and not only in all the chief manufac turing districts, but, with the exception of five, there has been a corresponding and almost equal decrease in all the chief agriculturist districts. (Cheers.) What is the state of Wales? In Wales, the decrease of commit ments is more remarkable than in almost any othar part of the kingdom. So much for actual crime. With re spect to crime connected with sedition, discontent, and disaffection to the Government,---why, in the last two years the office of the Attorney-General has been a sine cure. There has been no prosecution for seditious libel during the whole of the last year. Government has no right to take credit for lenity ; it is because the crime of sedition did not exist. 1 840 -1.2-3,—listen to this, and seriously consider it,—there were 1,257 persons commit ted on charges of seditious and serious offences. In 1843- 4.5, only 124 persons were committed so charged, instead of 1,257 while, in the last year, I believe there was not one. (Cheers.) In 1815 there were 422 persons sen tenced to transportation less than in 1842. In the last three years there were 1,701 persons sentenced to tran sportation less than in the three preceding years. (Cheers.) This has been during a period of comparative abundance, and low prices. Is it possible to resist the inference that employment, low prices, comparative abundance, contribute to the diminution of crime ?" (Loud cheers.)—Sir Robert Peel's Speech on the Debate. THE MACKEREL FISHERY.—Vast quantities of mack erel have been caught off Brighton during the last few days. Some of the boats have returned with 10,000 and 21,000 each, realising upwards of £lOO each boat. Jan. 27, NO AMERICA. The packet-ship Shenandoah, bringing advices froca America to the 3d instant, arrived here on Sunday. Tba political intelligence is unimportant. A steam-boat ha been " snagged", and some thirty lives lest, near New Orleans. Our anadian accounts mention rumours ° Cabinet differences. Mr. Vigor, President of the Conn' cil, and the lion. General Morris, the Receiver-Gener al ' are stated to head the antagonist forces, and the Montr eal Pilot and ltfinerve journals respectively anticipate that A rupture would ensue. The parliament had been 1 70 " rowed to the 7th of February nest. CoTTorg.—The market has been inact've this wee k ' with the exception of Wednesday last, when about SOO bales were taken for the French market. Prices continua to have a downward tendency. The sales of the week amount to 4,400 bales. The exports and receipts from the Ist September to th e 30th of December are as follow : Total export 348,000 bales, last year 402,000, and venr, before 231,000. To Great Britain 245.000 bales, l ast year 241,000, and year before 152,000. Receipts 582, 0 bales, last year 708,000, and year before 645,000. Stock! 241,000 bales, last year 325,000, and year before 377, 00 bales. FrterauTs.—There is but little cotton offering for Europe at present. Flour, &c. is also going forward 1 05 freely, and rates are rather heavy. To Liverpool, cotton. squat-9 and round hales, per lb. 3-16 d. to Id. ; wool, id seeds, per tierce, 7s. to Bs. ; beef, (304 lbs.) Cs. 6d. to 75.; beef and pork, per barrel, 4s. ; flour, 3s. 3d: ; turpentin e, 4s. to 4s. 6d.; leather, per lb., 5-16; heavy goods, Pe r ton, 30s. to 355. ; grain, per bushel, 10d. COAL.—A cargo of Liverpool Orrel coal has been dis' posed of at seven dollars, four and six months, leaving the market bare of foreign coal afloat. Other description s remain without alteration. FURTHER INTELLIGENCE-IMPORTANT. After the foregoing was in type, we received, by the packet-ship Henry Clay, which arrived here last night , advices from New York to the 6th instant. The intelligence from Washington is important. In the House of Representatives, on the 2nd instant. th e celebrated John Quincy Adams expressed the following opinions and declarations, which we copy, with all the extra flourishes, from the New York Herald:— " Ist. That the conventions of joint occupancy of Oregon' of 1818 and 1827, were not for a joint occupation of the soul but for a joint right or privilege to both parties to trade an navigation in the whole of the Oregon territory; and that no right to an inch of the soil had been conceded by either par t y' through these conventions. "2d. From his view of the paramount obligation to the faith ful observance of treaties, all measures, such as stockade forts/ mounted riflemen, sappers and miners, were out of place; bit the first step should be the giving the twelve months' notice , which should have been passed on the first day of the session, and for which he was willing to vote to-day or to-morrow. " [Here Mr. Wentworth rose and moved a suspension of the rules, with a view of introducing such resolution, but was de clared out of order.] 3d. That after the expiration of the twelve months' notice , we should proceed to occupy the whole of the Oregon territory up to 54 40. .[Great cheering in the house and in the galleries , the Speaker joining in with his hammer, ostensibly to bring the house to order, but, from the rapidity of his rap-rap-rap s, involuntarily joining in the applause.] " 4th. He did not believe that war would follow as an inet table consequence of the twelve months' notice. We could, Frederick the Great did in Silesia, occupy the whole territoll , and negotiate afterwards. He hoped in God, as it had b 0 ee declared there would be but one party in the country in the event of a war, if such a result were to follow, that such would be the case; and if so, they should not only maintain the whole of Oregon, but expel the authorities of Great Britain from th e Canadas. [Renewed applause all round the house, and esPe" cially in sleepy hollow, and in the galleries.]" On the 3rd several members of the house spoke strongly► and appeared td vie with each other who could make the greatest display of unmeaning menaces against Great Britain. " Mr. Ingersoll was for peace ; but if war comes, th , n n° peace while an inch of English territory remains on th e continent." Mr. Baker, of Illinois, was in favour of all of Oregon , every sand and shell that glittered on her shore. He we s the only Whig representative of 50,000 men in the west . These men, poor as they are, would fieht for Oregon . Whether duty called them to Quebec or New Orleans e r ,. the lakes, there would this western blood be poured 0 0 in defence . of the nation and her rights." Several other members having spoken, the house al jnurned, and the 3rd being Saturday, we have no furthe r debate. The Herald acknowledges that Mr. Adams said " 8 little too much, and by crossing into Canada disclose d the secret of his otherwise anomalous attitude u p o n the Oregon question." Our contemporary, in another piitc ° says, that, " the largest portion of the Whig party, or et, least a large portion intend to u n it e w ith th e wa r an western democrats, in support of the strongest measures relative to the Oregon question, and then adds in er parently the coolest manner possible, " we are not sure' therefore, but it is the best policy for Congress to a dopt the plan recommended by Mr. Adams—to give notice et once, and prepare future measures, without any regard le g the measures of Great Britain or any other power. such measures should produce a conflict between the ter n countries, the onus will be thrown on the shoulders of Great Britain ; and if the conflict should take place on the Oregon question, the battle will be fought on the bank s of the St. Lawrence, and not on the shores of the Cobol' hia. The United States, at the present moment, occupy a proud and eminent position among the nations of the earth, and the best policy to adopt in securing this PCs): tion, is to take the strongest measures consistent with ti c faith of treaties and the law of nations." Mr. Pakenham, it is said, is greatly alarmed lest h,s efforts to compromise the difficulties between the Amery can government and ours should not succeed. He 1 135 made overtures to Mr. Buchanan, who was waiting fo r instructions from the British government ; and as ere know from the speech of Sir Robe r t Peel on Friday niglp that those instructions comprised a renewed offer of cony, promise, we may yet expect a peaceabl e te rm i na tion to a" this warlike bluster. The most savage of the American journals is obliged to confess that their administration is anxious for a compromise, but outwardly in favour 0 ' war." Great excitement existed as to whether Mr. Allen resolution to dissolve the joint occupation between P;r l . l ' land and the States, of the Oregon territory would pest It is stated confidently that Mr. Pakenham has written to his government to apprise it that the twelve month s notice will not be given; that is, that Mr. Allen's re s e' lution will be defeated by the Senate. Considerable anxiety was felt to learn what effect the President's message had produced on the British o uhltc: and a much more warlike result was an ti c i pate d t h an the" which they will find to be the case. The weather in the States was very similar to what sc e are experiencing here—mild and spring like. From Canada the intelligence is not important. Ther e is the greatest activity on the frontier in military P, f t e ; parations, and a number of military eng i neers ar e saio :r have gone out by the last steam e r. It i s sa id that , George Clark has been offered the Governor-Generals hip of Canada. - President Polk is said to have despatched Dr. White ag a special messenger to Oregon, and the New Orleao, Picayune states that the Mexican government ha s eet ; minister to Washington with instructions to settle ort boundary line between Mexico and Texas, and such one as will give satisfaction. : „bt, VERY LATE FROM HATTl.—Theschooner Silas vv I, Captan Conklin, from yesterday from Port au Prince vi' advises to the 13th ult. We learn from her that the French admiral bad dete: mined to blockade Port au Prince and bombard the to s ! t ", if the Haytiens did not pay 16,000 dollars as an indemo i to the French Consular agent recently driven thence. . 13 , The blacks at Hayti, it is said, are becoming veil I solent to foreigners. ark e Ni W YORK COTTON MARKET, JAN. 6Tll.—Toe Da- er e continues inactive. No sales of any consequence ' l c . reported to•day. Holders are r a the r more i nc lined to " e i, cept offers, however, and to sell any considerable Par e lower rates must be accepted. LIVERPOOL CLASSIFICATION. & Q. lipl. 6,- Fior. Mobile 2 ,4 Inferi0r... .. Ordinary ....... Middling - to 1 4.' Good middli ng Si 7 to 71 Diddling fair . Fair . 7l t o 8 4 ' Fully fair Good fair . Fair . The value of the aggregate exports from New Yor k g 4 the year 1845, was nearly t wo m illi ons o f d o ll ars les:E. t er in 1844. This falking off was caused by the rethiceclos portation of specie in 1845, compared with 1811. 00 value of merchandise exported i n 1845 was greater in 1811: LATEST FROM THE RIVER PLATE• tl ets We have been favoured by a 'perusal of private le pt to from Buenos Ayre s , b roug ht b y a S ardinian vess'three Monte Video, with dat e t o th e 23 r d N ovem b e r, "ibef days later than our last advices. The only new s be.,' bring is that matt ers ,. so f ar as re l ates to the relatian-NO tween Buenos Ayres and Monte Video, remain i ass quo, the negociatio ns b etween t h e f ormer s t a t e n c o/ parties to the interve n ti on —G rea t B r i ta i n an d F 4311 having made no progress. flef' The Archbishop of Canterbury has nominated the,,ipP C. B. Dalton, on e o f th e Bi s h op o f L oi . c l on ' s cbaP t je' to the rectory of St. M ar y' s , L am b e th, vacan t by the mise of the Rev. Dr. D'Oyley. The rev. gentleina l l tbv some weeks since married to the eldest daughter bishop of London. bun teri HUNTING MISLIAP.- Miss Booth (the lauy . - ; 0 4 received a ducking the other day w hil s t hunting O' b , Milton hounds, and was extricat e d f rom a cold ba t j the is said Miss Booth moun t e d h er s t e ed an d follow e o 0 4 ' hounds with the same spirit as before the snia lit4 curred.—Cambridge Press. 7 TIDE T ABLE. $ .52, DAIS. MRN. EVN. HOLYDAYS_,' Tuesday 27 10 56 11 21 19 0 Wednes. 98 11 45 - 2o 8 Thurs... 29 0 9 031 21 2 op Friday.. 3e , 053 116 21 2 Saturday 31 138 2 1 19 11 net d Sunday. 1 323 245 18 2 Sunday Monday. 2 3 9 333 116 1 LIVERPOOL : TUESDAY, JANUARY 27, 184 6 . Of PRINTED AND PUBLISHED . EVERY TUESDAY MORN By JOSHUA FLETCHE R LACE, of 53, Grove-street, 2234 LEONARD ADDISON, of 14, Great Orford .street• At No. 4, ST. GliolitON'll CRX4CINT, LiTNATOOL C) C) !Trtt,A pOßitivel HEART. . Gordon'i THIS I will . on Charles I.'l To conclud With HE all tit. Cot 12:iitsoh s „ he T bcusii o ae/ii 6. 11 RA, EARTH night t '"e Nob , that the ,t 4 A,THEw itiu ksDA T Hu vs isNOW rdshwould -wa in %Ides Col On FRII b e e‘ ing the L s vrt The early gard en. E pit. of -4- is. 6d. Doors to com inen T3he B c o e x' --re e , w , c• 4ll t.s, ircle Ch the bc . suse Adnni WILSC Cox UN Ai( THI ki? nTr7l • WILS( ill Which 1 Rest To m LIV E MEMB APPoinibeEtlttfi Of - ”SCRI CDLow Co nimitte, Now Ad m . . (lu .„, -- terY, 6d. Of i _ ( ' : o :: On e. rS opc A dMiS ClOCk A. tiALI at the eor„o- e 7 , j • • B. j James I William L. C. Ev W. H . ( George I R. W . y T. H H ' Harold nand .Ln kets of 41 ken at the s° team BOf o e n, Half ne o'clock, TH( HE S( T, Church o h Q.., nN% 1 cnool-rooin k,lx o'clock. ~T here will Clothing for to the f urnie B D DOgR NATI( 111r1 , 17 street, Toxt, u T ickets li "INklit , Cle nec essa nu s ry In Be. Thim. 131R] r rut iv ri , pla ce nßATl Au0 tr44 3 1 , 1 LIV] I\l uric, 4a-ip_kNy 40f Fel;rlp atm . this q111,1:9 Tra ~ nrs Febi N BRI TISH y ( )Tic' oc,AIRET V A TION op lllkr B • c. Afte r t 4 ~RtPd this tIAN cH 1 1 11 E Di that a I,O4AItE, for 11 - a4,Yal e ti.cll;('Yr 1 Es s till the Ar an SIT TPREst D 1 ~el 4 e lm 11 (P 81) AY t ,be b ßitT ' 3 * -1, and (V:rqs, Dio t ( OuLr b to b e t A n ri W EDN key be , P ea (I t ti i '„lL r Ll nnds 1." TOT CC pL4 CW NI ME N. 1 1 ", will 2 'till OPERA' k l ; :t e( 7P t S co ' ar tl pNT W 11, 07 1 , ( , ) T. 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