The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-09-20 00:00:00

THE MERRY HARI )WARD STERS golden grain, god ,bless ye, merry harvesters, down with the 3 love to hear your sickle strokes enlivening the plain; And love to see those happy smiles which brighten up your Gleam through those briny drops of sweat, and give cheeks a grace, Iloveto see your waving fields, like undulating seas, And green blades flutter in the wind, like pennants in the 33utinore I love your monuments, reared by the hand of toil, 'Those yellow sheaves and golden stacks which crown the generous soil. Ye sing of other harvesters, who mow down fields of men, Who widows make, and orphans too, then deify the slain; Mut tell me, are those crimson piles, heaped up in bloody strife, Deserving more the song of praise than bread, thestaff of life? Ung may ye live, and healthfully, to quaff the cup of peace, Andmay your flocks and little ones, and lowing herds increase. And oh! may He who giveth bread send plenty to your door, Enough to spread the rich man's board and satisfy the poor. Cod bless ye, merry harvesters, let every Briton sing, "Till with the sound the hills awake, and lowly valleys ring ; nicath cott age, h all, and temple-roof prolon g thejoyous strain, *od bless ye, merry harvesters, again, again, again. God bless ye, merry harvesters, who plough the fallow sod, 'Who sow the seed, and harrow it, then leave the rest to God, — To Him who sendeth sun and rain, and seed and harvest- God speed ye all, ye sturdy sons of England's happ' And ye who own the fruitful soil, as Boaz did of old, Pray don't forget those helping hands that store your purse with gold ; _ _ _ . . But when young Ruth the gleaner comes, go bid your honest men Drop here and there, and liberally, an ear of precious grain clod help ye all, ye harvesters, and when that day shall come When those who sow and reap in tears shall shout the harvest May ye among those ripened shocks be found of which we And find ',Ourselves safe lodged in Heaven as precious garnered seed REVIEWS OF BOOKS, Lives of the Queens of Scotland. Vol. IV. By Agnes Strickland, author of " Lives of the Queens of England." Edinburgh and London : William Blackwood and Sons. - The fourth volume of this charming series, like its predecessor, is devoted to the life of Mary Stuart, more generally and familiarly known *s " Mary Queen of Scots." The evil fortunes which beset this unhappy Princess, from the moment of her birth, in Linlithgow Palace, and ceased only with her tragical and cruel death in the castle of Fotheringay, have long formed subjects for the poet and the novelist ; while, during her life, they were not less prolific as themes for the leaders of faction. This volume opens with a description of Mary as she demeaned herself among the Scottish nobles, on her return as a widowed Queen from France, and closes shortly before the villanous assassination of her second husband, Henry Lord Darnley. The authoress, with true woman's sym pathy, scrutinizes the various circumstances which gave so melancholy an interest to the history of the Royal beauty ; and with a not less true woman's tact, presents them in a light most favourable to the character of her heroine. The bright and amiable traits which were, as is admitted on all hands, such conspicuous elements in the personal qualities of Queen Mary, are dwelt on and dis played with all a woman's eloquence of pleading. That deep crimes and fatal errors stained the name and blighted the fortunes of Mary Stuart, it is scarcely in the power of even a partial historian to disprove; but in glancing at them, Miss Strickland shows both taste and tact in backing them up by "extenuating circumstances." Her youth, her beauty, her talents, and her generous disposition, are all brought admirably into play in favour of Queen Mary, and, contrasted with the sullen moroseness, selfishness, and treachery of those by whom she was surrounded and held more like a prisoner at large than treated as an independent sovereign. As the advocate of Mary Stuart, so far as the work has yet proceeded, Miss Strick land has made out her case most successfully and cleverly : and it is pleasing to add, that the defence is so strongly tinctured with the milk of human kindness, as to lead to a warm regard for the talented and skilful advocate who pleads before us. Listen to the eloquent defender of Mary as she pictures the latter's cunning adversary in his intrigues against his sovereign's peace : Tini 8A.8.L OP mone:s THE QUEEN ILLEGITIMATE 'MOTHER TO No sense of national or family honour led the base son of James V. to object to the lineage of the cadet grandson of Dudley the extortioner, as unmeet to disparage the royal stream of Stuart, by mingling with that of the representative of a hundred kings. No tender care for the life of his sister and benefactress impelled him to shrink from joining the confederacy for consigning her to the arms of a man " infamed by the death of his first wife." Belike the wife-killing reputation of the Lord Robert was the reason he was chosen for the husband of Mary Stuart. Neither moral delicacy nor religious scruples inspired a doubt as to the propriety of allowing so profligate a man as the minion of Elizabeth to be united to the Sovereign of a reformed realm; it was sufficient for the Earl of Moray that he was the man whom the Queen of England delighted to honour. But although he consented to the arrangement, he had not sufficient temerity to undertake to communicate it to Mary, much less to recommend it to her. Of the unscrupulous cunning, the heartless hypocrisy, and the ruthless tyranny of Moray, in his dealings between Mary and her factious sub jects, there unfortunately exist too many and too convincing evidences to admit of their denial ; and Of these evidences Miss Strickland makes no Stinted use. The unbending austerity of the reformers, headed by the redoubtable John Knox, forms also a striking foil to the easy and graceful bearing and polished manners of the youthful sovereign; the picture being artistically balanced to produce a striking contrast and a strong effect. On the one hand we have the gruff earnestness and homely, even rude eloquence of men struggling for religious truth, and liberty of conscience; on the other the fascinations of female loveliness, often in tears, the winning blandishments of an elegant court, and the soft glozing of an affected moderation brought skilfully into contrast. As an interesting biographer Miss Strickland has long been favourably known, and the present work, when completed, must add largely to her fame in that branch of literature, She writes with a strong and hearty bias. Her scenes are well chosen, and they are arranged with a fine eye to dramatic effect. Her pleading is earnest, eloquent, persuasiv e ; she never misses a point, and before any jury of her countrymen would, in all likeli hood, carry her client off triumphantly, or at the very worst she would remain certain of a finding of " not proven," however heinous the offence or clear the evidence. The chequered, hazardous, and stormy politics of the Scottish Court, at the period referred to, are graphically delineated. The touches of indi vidual character are introduced and elaborated in a pleasing and convincing manner; and in point of fact, like a clever and industrious authoress, Miss Strickland leaves little to be supplied by others in heightening the picture she chooses to present. Her work embraces the stirring interest of a romance combined with historical details. The volume is very handsomely got up, and is em bellished by a beautifully expressive profile of Queen Nary, whence derived we hardly know, but it portrays . a countenance of rare beauty, and indicates a charming serenity of temper. The Flowers of History, especially such as relate to the affairs of Britain. Collected by Matthew of Westminster. Translated by C. D. Yonge, RA.. Vol. 11. London : Henry G. Bohn. This, the second and concluding volume of the celebrated Chronicles of Matthew of Westminster, forms one of the interesting set known as " Bohn's Antiquarian Library." The period of time em braced in this section extends from 1066 to 1307, and includes a narrative of many events which conduced in an eminent degree to form the salient points of British character. The circumstances are generally detailed with much prolixity and quaintness. As might have been expected from the venerable chronicler, the affairs of the church form a prominent theme on which his turgid elo quence is much applied; still secular affairs do not absolutely escape his notice, although his deduc tions, in not a few cases, would meet with but limited sympathy in the present matter-of-fact era. Prom these chronicles, we learn that, so early as the middle of the thirteenth century, a fear of de teriorating the morale of the English aristocracy °°4l adied a considerable share of public attention, N .,,n b, appear from the following extract, entitled -7 'Matthew , SOiig AMSZLS ARE MARRIED TO SOME NOBLES OP Tho _ when ENGLAND. • May, when lear (1247), in the beginning of the month of Woodstock, Ile lord the King (Henry I.) was staying at Saint vit a i s 7 . : that especial purpose, from the festival of Philip and s a l n "n.e day after that of the Apostles Saint lvrn in the cow ? i "es, two maidens from foreign parts, ales of Savoy or Provence On consequence of the pruden had nd managemet thither for them), were married to Edmund Of Lincoln, and Richard de Burgh, two youths o birth, whom the lord the King had brought up it his palace for several years, and had caused to be instructed iu polite manners and accomplishments. At which mar riage, because strange and foreign women were married to natives and Englishmen, women of low birth, as it was said, to noblemen, ugly women to handsome men, the latter, too, being disinclined to the marriage, great discon tent and indignation was excited among the nobles, who were in no small fear that the King intended day by day to bring the nobility of England to degeneracy by a spu rious admixture of race. _ _ _ We thus see that, from an early period, the be setting sin of English society, exclusiveness, began to manifest itself. As already stated, the chroni cler displays marked sympathy with the clerical proceedings of the times he treats of, maintaining almost with a forlorn chivalrousness the purity of ecclesiastical motives, and the efficacy as well as the sanctity of sacerdotal movements. As an in stance of such purity and efficacy, take the fol lowing :--- EMBASSY TO THE POPE, AND ITS RESULTS. This summer (1254), some nobles belonging to the Greek empire arrived at the court of Rome, clothed in gold, with riding-horses and sumpter-horses, and a very numerous household, who attacked the lord Pope, and in most violent language charged him with having erred ennrmonsly in the faith, and also with having been the Son, inasmuch as by them he was asserted to proceed from the Father, according to the demonstration and established _ _ ag standing iroPe7things, which his court notoriously practised. But the Pope bestowed valuable presents on them, and sent them away well instructed in the faith. _ _ _ Of course they were well instructed in the faith, the instruction being accompanied by weighty and golden arguments ' • persuasives long since consi dered to havepeculiar efficacy on Greek under standings, although not so geneially believed to have been applied in much profusion by his Holi ness. Towards the conclusion of Matthew's Chroni cles we find the following version of the death of Sir William Wallace, the valiant and indomitable Scottish patriot, whose genuine love of country, self-denial, and singleness of purpose, formed a brilliant and a noble contrast to the sordid and mercenary conduct of the Scottish nobility of that period : CHARACTER AND EXECUTION OF WALLACE. About the time of the festival of the Assumption of the blessed Virgin Mary, a certain Scot, by name William Wallace, an outcast from pity, a robber, a sacrilegious man, an incendiary, and a homicide, a man more cruel than the cruelty of Herod, and more insane than the fury of Nero, who with the accursed Ham discovered the nakedness of a man, which God ordained to be covered when he made men aprons, compelling many men and women of England, mingled together, to carol and play, and dance naked before him, placing behind them tor mentors with scorpions, and goads to bind against them, and scourge them, and pinch them, so as to make them advance straight forward ; a man who even tore out the bowels of infants crying in their cradles, and hanging at their mothers' breasts ; who burnt alive boys in schools and churches, in great numbers ; who, when he had col lected an army of Scots in the battle of Falkirk, against the King of England, and had seen that he could not re sist the powerful army of the King, said to the Scots, " Behold I have brought you into a ring, now carol and dance as well as you can;" and so fled himself from the battle, leaving his people to be slain by the sword ;—he, I say, this man of Belial, after his innumerable wickednesses, was at last taken prisoner by the King's servants, and brought to LOndon, as the King ordained that he should be formally tried, and was on the eve of Saint Bartholo mew condemned by the nobles of the kingdom of England to a most cruel but amply deserved death. First of all, he was led through the streets of London, dragged at the tail of a horse, and dragged to a very high gallows, made on purpose for him, where he was hanged with a halter, then taken down half dead, after which his bowels were taken out and burnt in the fire; then his head was cut off, and his body divided into four quarters, and his head fixed on a stake and set on London bridge. But his four quarters thus divided, were sent to the four quarters of Scotland. Behold the end of a merciless man, whom his mercilessyss brought to this end ! . r. Such is the version given . by Matthew of West minster, of a deed of cruelty and savage vengeance inflicted by a monarch on a prisoner betrayed into his hands, and whose only crime was refusing fealty to a sovereign to whom he never owned or owed allegiance, and the circumstances of whose death have tarnished the memory and obscured the re nown of one of England's bravest and most politic kings. The Illustrated London Magazine. Part 111. London : Piper, Brothers, and Co. Having spoken recently in terms of general ap probation in respect to this very cheap and really well-got up serial, although we at the same time felt constrained to administer censure on what we considered a dangerous slovenliness in one contri bution, we are glad to acknowledge that of the third part we can speak favourably and without reservation. The papers, generally, are instructive as well as amusing, and in not a few instances rise above the ordinary intellectual pabulum served up for the delectation of the humbler classes of society, within whose reach the moderate price of this pub lication readily brings it. Want of space forbids us to enumerate the various articles of merit in this part, but we cannot refrain from offering a word of special commendation in behalf of one entitled " Sea-bathing and the Sea-side," by Robert Knox, M.D. It is written in a pleasing and earnest manner, and abounds in useful hints to those who are "in populous city pent," and who seek relief from lassitude in sojourning by the sea-shore. The magazine, we think, cannot fail of, as it certainly deserves, success. The Protestant Magazine. London : Wertheim and Macintosh ; and The Bulwark. London : Seeleys, and Nisbet and Co. These two stanch advocates of Protestantism continue valiantly to do battle against Popish error, intolerance, and cruelty, and in favour of Protestant truth. The Family Treasury. Parts 11. and 111 London : Houlston and Stoneman. A work conducted on the same principles with the " Family Friend," and by the original editor of that serial. It offers several advantages over the "Family Friend," and is indeed a useful as well as a pleasing fireside companion. Lights Along the Line. A Geographical and Topographical Description of the Salubrious City of Southport. By Yrneh .Koorbezarg. Liverpool : Deighton and Laughton. This is a squib, of no inconsiderable power, in which an alleged lag-behind spirit of somnolency, said to be characteristic of Southport and its in habitants, as well as those of some other localities. " along the line," are smartly, if not harshly, castigated. The following description will show the animus and style of observation which pervade the satire ; it may be called A MORAL VIEW OF SOUTHPORT. Society is good. It differs in kind as the seasons change.. The indigenous growth of the city itself is stunted, though refined and exclusive. Admission to the higher and tea-drinking circles is not easily obtained : the qualities requisite to insure an entree within the hal lowed atmosphere of fashionable conversaziones,conducted under the auspices of those bright ornaments of their sex who disdain to bind themselves by law to the monster man, are volubility of utterance, richness of invention, unswerving reliance on viva voce communications, and a stoical disregard of the world at large. Verily, we opine that if our satirist direct his artillery against every community vulnerable on the points which he assails in the above quotation, not even Warner's celebrated " long range" will be sufficient to ensure success in his benign en deavours to drive scandal and uncharitableness from their strongholds. The aim in this respect at least is good, and the brochure of " Lights along the Line" must be taken, as no doubt it will be, pant= valeat. RATIIBU ROMANTIC. — Not far distant from this classic town resides—or did a short time ago—a fair dame, who has seen nearly seventy summers, and who was a singu larly fortunate person, having a heavy purse, and having been blessed with two husbands, both of whom have been gathered to the graves of their fathers. The days of her mourning being over, the opulent dame arrayed herself in sable, but fine apparel ; and by means which are more in genious than ingenuous succeeded in attracting " a dash ing young man" within her province. Having thus far succeeded, the gay old lady, bedecked and bedizened as she was, proceeded to "make sure of her game." The youthful suitor was dazzled by her gold, and won by her generosity. Notes, sovereigns, silver poured into his lap in great profusion ; and on the day of their marriage the " beardless boy" was to be still further exalted—he was to be the sole possessor, not only of the venerable lady, but of an income of £5OO a-year ! Charming prospects ! Jewels, rings, and license were purchased; the day fixed for their appearance at the hymeneal altar ; but the in toxicating draught lost its wonted power, the spell was broken, and the opulent and burnished-up old dame ap peared before the once charmed youth in all the deformity of age ; the silken cord was broken. and the youth de serted the loving old lady ! Nothing daunted, however, the gallant dame again tried her arts, and again bewitched another of the " nobler sex ;" her fine feathers, and rustling satins, and ardent love, and luring gold were irresistible, and a young man of twenty-three fell a victim to her witchery. The patriarchal lady and the verdant " gent" went to the priest and were joined to gether in matrimony. But, alas, for human happiness ! Scarcely had the "honeymoon" expired, ere the enchant ment vanished ; the old lady's powers to hold her be. trothed failed. He was more unhappy than Prose be. with Pluto ; the shades of winter fell upon his gaily attired wife, and, sad to relate, this young man of twenty. three took the wealth of his " better half," won the affec tions of a more youthful lady, and repaired to the soil of another hemisphere, leaving the duped lover of seventy summers to bewail the loss of husband and fortune, at her impoverished leisureo—Cambridge Chronicle, LADIES ethic They also accused him - of other im- j advantage in being rich ? IRIETIES 1. to despise mankind finish their studies by running away with the fooiman. THE CRITERION OF POLITENESS is, never to be so much unguarded as to say or do a rude thing. Many are polite half-a-day ; others not half-an-hour. _ _ _ GYmNosoriiisTs.—" It is a fact," says the Bombay Gazette," that the entire population of India do not spend sixpence a head in a year for clothing." _ _ _ tIIE AVERAGE YIELD OF TEA is about one hundred and twenty pounds to the acre. The average cost of pro ducing a pound of tea is about eightpence. IciCrEA3l.—" Mike, and is it yeiself that can be afther telling me how they make ice crame ?"—" In truth, I can ; don't they bake them in cowld ovens, to be sure." WARTS.-Dr. Peez, of Wiesbaden, confirms the state ment made by several German practitioners, of the rapid curative agency which attends the internal use of carbo nate of magnesia, in cases of warts. OMINOUS.—A - railway company in the North of Eng land has just contributed out of its funds £26, towards providing an additional burial-ground in a town through which it passes.—Diogenes. A GUARANTEE. — Officer—Confound you! didn't you guarantee that the horse wouldn't shy before the fire of an enemy ? Horsedealer.—No more he won't, Tisn't till arter fire that he kicks. SAM SLlcx says, " I believe every critter in the world thinks that he's the most entertainin' one in it, and that there's no gettin' on anyhow without him. Consait grows as nateral as the hair on one's head, but is longer in LEISURE dND SOLITUDE, which are the most valuable blessings that riches can procure, are avoided by the ge nerality of the opulent, who, weary of themselves, fly to company and business for relief. 'Where, then, lies the Jeen compared to a dish of silver. It is more like a service of white china on a blue teatray, cups and - )rs, and teapots and coffee-pots, and butter-boats, and e ar-basins, of all heights, and shapes, and sizes, but with an undue proportign of coffee-pots.—Cayley's Las allforjas ; or, the Bridle Roads of Spain. . . . PISRING FOR A ComrLimENT.- 7 -Ayoung man having preached for Doctor Emmons one day, was anxious to get a word of applause for his labour of love. The grave doctor, however, did not introduce the subject, and his younger brother was obliged to bait the hook for him. " I hope, sir, I did not weary your people by the length of my sermon to-day." "No, sir, not at all ; nor by the depth either." The young man was silent. " How ANY ONE (says an anti-peace man) can look at the human foot, composed of 144 bones, any quantity of elastic cartilage, a gill and a half of lubricating oil, and ten thousand other arrangements for first-class kicking, and still believe it is a duty to receive an insult without making a man smell of leather, is one of those eccen tricities connected with the human mind which we never could fathom." CITY OF DAMASCUS.—Damascus is the oldest city in the world. It begins with the earliest patriarchs, and continues to modern times. While other cities of the Fast have risen and decayed, Damascus is still what it was. It was founded before Baalbec and Palmyra, and it has outlived them both. While Babylon is a heap in the desert, and Tyre a ruin of the shore, it remains what it is called in the prophecies of Isaiah, " the head of Syria." FEMALE LOVELINESS never appeared to so good advan tage as when set off with simplicity of dress ; and our dear human angels, if they would make good their title to that name, 'should carefully avoid ornaments which properly belong to Indian squaws and African princesses. These tinselries may serve to give effect on the stage or on the ball-room floor, but in daily life there is no substitute for the charm of simplicity. The absence of a true taste and refinement or delicacy cannot be compensated for by the possession of the most princely fortune. Mind measures gold, but gold cannot measure mind. Through dress the mind may be read, as through the delicate tissue of the lettered page. A modest woman will dress modestly. A really refined and intellectual woman will bear the marks of careful selection and taste.---Family Treasury. " THE PRESS," exclaims the New York TribUne, with some bitterness, and a great deal of truth, " when at public feasts the dishes are licked clean, the bread is crumbled, the nuts are dugout, the glasses are empty, overturned, or broken; the last declaimer of stump stereotype has finished his Clay, his Calhoun, or his Webster, the company is two-thirds gone, and one-third tired, ' The Press !" fellow-citizens, is then toasted, with a ghastly smile and an asthmatic cheer, in which the public men who are left do not join, though the public men are indebted nineteen parts of twenty to that press, for their reputations and fortunes,—to the body of educated reporters for their good taste and philanthrophy in mend ing so freely their vulgar rhetoric and contemptible grammar." - DEFINITION OF A GENTLEMAN.—In the case of Wag v. Kelson, tried at the late Bristol assizes, Mr. Justice Talfourd thus defined the character of a gentleman :—The evidence proved that the defendant, while in the theatre, had said to the plaintiff, " Do not speak to me ; I am a gentleman, and you are a tradesman." " Gentleman," said the learned judge, "is a term which does not apply to any station, but to the mind and the feelings in every station. The man of rank who deports himself with dignity and candour, and the tradesman who discharges the duties of life with honour and integrity, are alike entitled to it ; nay, the humblest artizan, who fulfils the obligation cast upon him with virtue and with honour, is more entitled to the name of gentleman than the man who could indulge in offensive and ribald remarks, however high his station. THE lONIAN ISLANDS.—It is difficult to imagine seven islands, so utterly distinct in race, in ideas, in language, in interests, locality and social organisation, as those which it pleased fate to confer on Great Britain, with the task of governing them. Cerigo is a rock peopled by malefactors. Zante is a paradise, with a wealthy middle class, and a small semi-Italian noblesse. Cephalonia is more Greek than Greece itself, with large proprietors, and a hungry and disinherited peasantry. Santa Maura is a desert, re duced to kindred barbarism with the mainland, which it touches. Ithaca consists of barren cliffs, with an unwhole some shore. Pazos is a low island, which the waves have cut in two, and which civilization has endowed with a Martello tower. Corfu is a little polyglot kingdom, cleaving the Adriatic, a watch-tower commanding Italy, and the only sea issue of Austria, as well as the coasts of Turkey and Greece. ORNAMENT.—Nature is the true guide in our applica ; tiou of ornament. She delights in it, but ever in the sub , verviency to use. Men generally pursue an opposite course, and adorn only to encumber. With the refined few, simplicity is the feature of greatest merit in orna ment. The trifling, the vulgar-minded, and the ignorant prize only what is striking and costly—something showy in contrast, and difficult to be obtained. Nothing can more severely or more truly satirise this taste than the fancy of the negro chief in the interior of Africa, who re ceived an Englishman's visit a ceremony in a drummer's jacket and a judge's wig. I always think of this per sonage when I see a lady loaded with jewels : and if I had a wife, and she had such encumbrances, from the anxiety of which I saw no other chance of her being relieved, I should heartily rejoice in one of those mysterious disap pearances which have been so frequent of late, and which, it may be, have sometimes originated in a feeling on the part of the husband similar to mine.—Walker's CONVENTUAL MYETEEIEE.—" History has recorded the fact, that in the apartments of the Inquisitors of Spain, there were found sixty-two young women, who had been corrupted and ruined by the inquisitors, and kept there where the public could never know it. The French sol diery flung open the inquisition, and revealed the secret. There is no security in Italy against the same evil in a very large proportion of the nunneries ; for every crime of earth and hell may .possibly be rife throughout their cloisters, and the cry of injured innocence and outraged virtue, stifled within the walls, remain unheard by the world without. While we were at Rome, an abbess of one of the nunneries rushed forth frantically from the opened gates, plunged into the Tiber, and there sought in its deep waters to drown the memory and the remorse of the past ! We were surprised at the pains taken to deny and conceal this fact, though known and witnessed by hundreds. The ecclesiastics could not bear to hear it mentioned.—Pilgrimage to Rome, by Rev. H. Seymour. CHILDREN.--I think them the poetry of the world—the fresh flowers of our hearths and homes ; little conjurors, with their natural magic—evoking by their spells what delights and enriches all ranks, and equalizes the different classes of society. Often as they bring with them anxieties and cares, and live to occasion sorrow and grief, we should get on very badly without them. Only think if there was never anything anywhere to be seen but great grown-up men and women. How we should long for the sight of a little child ! Every infant comes into the world like a delegated prophet—the harbinger and herald of good tidings, whose office it is to " turn the hearts of the fathers to the children," and to draw "the disobedient to the wisdom of the just." A child softens and purifies the heart, warming and melting it by its gentle presence ; it enriches the soul by new feelings, and awakens within it what is favourable to virtue. It is a beam of light—a fountain of love—a teacher whose lessons few can resist. Infants recal us from much that engenders and encourages selfishness, that freezes the affections, roughens the manners, indurates the heart ; they brighten the home, deepen love, invigorate exertion, infuse courage, and vivify and sustain the charities of life. QuicirsiLvsn Mir SES.—The diseased forms of the men working as excavators belong only too prominently to a picture of Almaden. You meet men in the streets with wasted faces, fetid breaths, and trembling hands ; blind, paralytic. The heat in the lower workings of the mine is very considerable, the ventilation is imperfect, vapour of quicksilver floats upon the air, and condenses on the walls, down which it trickles in little runlets of pure liquid metal. Even visitors are sensibly affected by it, and retain for some time the metallic flavour in their mouths. The miners, who number more than 4,000, are divided into three gangs, or watches, working six hours each, and leaving the fourth six hours of the twenty-four— from ten at night until four in the morning—as an inter val of perfect rest. On account of the heat, and the dele terious nature of the vapour, summer is made an idle time, winter the great period of activity among the popu lation. As the winter closes, the appearance of the miners begins very emphatically to tell its own tale, and great numbers hasten to their native plains and mountains to recruit. Their homes are chiefly scattered about Estre ma.dura, Andalusia, and Portugal. Crowds of Portuguese, after harvest, flock to obtain employment at Almaden, selling not their labour only but their health. The most robust cannot work in the mine longer than about fourteen days in succession, generally eight or nine days make as long a period of such labour as can be endured without rest. Those who exceed that time are obliged eventually to give up work and breathe unadul terated air for perhaps two months together. If they work without due precaution, and almost inevitably if they indulge in wine, miners at Almaden aged between 25 or 30 waste away, lose hair and teeth, acquire an in sufferable breath, or become sometimes afflicted with tremblings that render them unable to supply their own wants ; they have to be fed like infants. If the disease be not checked vigorously, cramps and nervous attacks of the most agonising kind follow upon these symp toms and lead on to death. They who work within due bounds, and live moderately, using a good deal of milk, if they take care always to dean their persons thoroughly after . each six hours of work—the full day's labour—live not seldom to old age. These diseases afflict the miners only. The men engaged upon the ore and. quicksilver outside thamines, in smelting and other open- actions, do not sufer.—Household Words. A YOUNG LADY sked I toured me with original spelling, riy friends have BATHOS.—If you would have an idea of the ocean in a storm—just imagine ten thousand hills and four hou sand mountains, all drunk, and chasing one another over newly-ploughed ground, with lots of caverns in it for them to step into now and then. AN AMERICAN EDITION OF THE THREE GRACES.— The Boston Chronicle invites the Bostonians just to step into the Concert-hall, where they "will find three of the greatest natural curiosities in the world, viz., ' Wood's wonderful women,' consisting of the tallest, the shortest, and the fattest of women." " MAN WANTS BUT LITTLE HERE BELOW" does not seem to be the opinion of a gentleman at Launceston, who, in the Times, advertises the following curious enumeration of his wants :—" A folio prayer-book, large gong, Pearson's Astronomy, Diversions of Purley, a single gun, and Times at half-price, to be posted, unsoiled, on the day of publi cation." THE CALORIC ENGINE.—The editors of the Journal of the Franklin Institute for June last conclude a short article on Ericson's caloric engine thus—" At the time these remarks were made we knew less about the caloric engine than at present, and it was supposed by many en gineers that success was at least possible, although it might be a work of years to develope it. It was, therefore, the aim of the writer to show that the results at that time attained were not such as to warrant any hope of its future success on the ocean, or indeed for locomotive power of any description. Farther experience has destroyed all probability of its success in any capacity." THE COMET which has lately been visible has served a priest not far from Warsaw with materials for a very curious sermon. After having summoned his congrega tion together, although it was neither Sunday nor festi val, and shown them the comet, he informed them that this was the same star that had appeared to the Magi at the birth of our Saviour, and that it was only visible now in the Russian Empire. Its appearance on this occasion was to intimate to the Russian eagle that the time was now come for it to spread out its wings and embrace all mankind in one orthodox soul-sanctifying Church. He told them that the star was now standing immediately over Constantinople, and explained that the nucleus indi cated its sorrow at the delays of the Russian army in pro ceeding to its destination, &c. A NEW Ges.—ln the Nova Scotia legislature Dr. Ges ner submitted a proposal to light the lighthouses belong ing to the provinces with his new Kerosne gas, which he estimated would effect a saving of £15,000 per annum over the present mode. He has been allowed to try the experiment with the lighthouse at Meagher's Beech,which he illumined at a charge of £l9 per annum, effecting a saving of £5O. It appears that the mode of procuring the gas was quite simple, and a steam-boat company there had all their vessels lighted with it, as well as the wharves, &c. It was brought on board the vessel in India-rubber bags. The works are stated to be managed by a common labouring man. No mention is made of the mode of pre paration, nor of the material from which it is manufac tured, but it is said to be much cheaper than ordinary qas. CHOLERA AND CoPPEE.—Several columns of the Siecle have been taken up the last two days with a communica tion from Dr. Burg, recommending the application of copper to the skin as a protection against cholera, and the internal use of the filings or powder of copper internally, in doses which are not poisonous, where the cholera has made its appearance. Dr. Burg relates some extraordinary facts of the workmen in copper manufactories having escaped the cholera, but he does not give us well-authen ticated cases of prevention by the wearing of copper, or of cure by the internal use of that metal. A few cases of this kind would be much more conclusive than all the induc tions founded on statistical facts. Dr. Burg appears to ground his theory on the supposition that where the cholera exists there is a deficiency of or a material change in the character of the electric fluid, and that the equili brium may be restored by metallic agency. This idea is not new. In 1832, both in London and Paris, plates of copper and zinc were worn by thousands, in the belief that they would be thus protected against cholera; but they did not escape any more than persons who had not adopted the precaution. Dr. Burg mentions one curious fact, if it be real, showing the atmospheric action in cholera. He says that in the last visitation all the coach springs that were manufactured were defective in quality. POPPING THE QUESTION.—What a curious sensation that is which troubles a man upon such a mission ! Why does the elegantly arranged sentence, studied with so much care, in order alike to avoid formality and familiarity, begin to seem bald, and bold, and bungling, just as it is about to be wanted ? Why is it finally revised upon the coarse mat in the hall, and utterly rejected upon the silky mat in the landing ? Why do you feel choking, as with thirst, and yet could not drink the elixir of life, if it were presented to you ? Why would you pay a hundred guineas a step to have the staircase twice as long as it is, and yet you go up as hastily as if you were escaping from a poor relation ? Why does that pleasing bow, with which you have so often stooped to conquer—you know it—seem to you at once a great deal too low, and a great deal too slight, and altogether abominable ? Why do you wish you had put on that other cravat ? In short, why is your sense so keenly awakened to the outward man, and to the Outside phase, and why do you forget that you have hitherto looked like a gentleman and spoken like a philosopher, and generally done your duty in that state of life in which it has pleased Providence to place you, and that there is no particular reason why, at one o'clock this fine day, you should make a failure ? Is it a satisfactory answer to say, that all this is because there sits in the low chair near the window, in that drawing-room, a bright eyed young person of the other sex, who, if you could only see it, can hardly hold her crotchet-work for her tremour ; who knows intensely well what you mean and what you are come for, and who designs to make you the kindest possible answer, poor thing ! if she should be able to find proper words, and who, in the mean time, is in about as fit a condition to criticize you as I am to correct the Jupiter symphony or the Nautical Almanack.—Aspen Court, by Shirley Brooks. THE DUKE'S CHARITIES.—A writer in the Quarterly Review, in noting the interior of Apsley House (the duke's own room), says :—Near also at hand is a private box, now covered with a leather case, which he unlocked I with an unduplicated key, it being the depository of a constant supply of bank-notes for those disbursements as to which he did not think proper to make " Coutts's I clerks" his confidants ; and seldom that day passed when it was not often opened to direct £5 and £lO notes to be sent in registered letters to never-failing applications for relief. The duke, a Samaritan, not a Pharisee, did not blazon forth his name in printed subscription lists, or choose to be made a decoy—like many who have their re ward—but had a heart open as charity, and a hand that knew not what the other gave. It was useless to prove to him that his bounty was often abused. He held that, as much had been given by his own country, much was required ; and, however close and circumspect as -ray master of state money, he was generous to a fault with his own ; nay, he was infinitely amused when ingenious tricks were played on him. He was fond of telling—and he did it at great length and with infinite humour—the particular case of the female Standly, who, by a scheme followed up for seven years, contrived to do him out of some £5OO. "An orphan daughter of a soldier," he would say—and we can only give an epitome—" petitioned for relief—/ sent her £10; soon comes a grateful application for a little aid to set up a shop—granted ; after a time, trade very bad and some assistance begged—given ; pre sently a prospect of marriage with an industrious young man —wedding present., of course ; in due time, a child born—baby-linen provided; by-and-bye the infant sickens —apothecary settled with; next the poor sufferer dies— undertaker satisfied; then th e h ear t-broken parents wish to em i gra te—outfit and pa ssage p a id ; a ft er a f ew mon th s, news from the United States that it does not answer— passage b a ck paid ! when an accidental discovery by the police brought an untimely end to my poor orphan." THE WORKS AT WESTMINSTER PALACE.—Ascending the noble flight of steps from Westminster-hall to the porch, the effect of the lofty arches is exceedingly fine; the height from the pavement of the porch to the crown of the vault is 65 feet. The great window, which is about 48 feet high in the centre, and 25 feet wide, will be filled with stained glass before the next meeting of Parliament ; the glass is now being executed in the establishment of Mr. H ar d m an. Looking externally, the small turrets next the window contain a series of sculptured figures, namely : that on the left hand, and beginning at the top, Edward 111., Queen Philippa, St. George, and St. Andrew ; and the turret on the right, Henry VII., Elizabeth of York, St. Patrick, and St. Stephen. The four canopied niches forming the termination of the gable, contain statues of four monarchs, during whose reign this and the adjoining buildings were erected, namely :—William Rufus, with his face towards Westminster-hall ; Edward the Confessor, looking towards St. Stephen's-hall and cloisters ; William IV., facing west; and Queen Victoria, looking to the Vic toria-tower. The Royal arms, the separate insignia of England, Ireland, and Scotland, badges, and names form the sculptured adornments of other parts of the façade. The want of story, by the way, in the sculptured work adorning the Houses of Parliament always seems to us a subject for regret ; there is so little to find out. We would have had it present a noble poem in stone,. which men of all countries could translate. The Victoria Tower is ad vancing slowly, but steadily ; -a height of about 20 feet has been carried up during the present year by Mr. Jay. The top of it is now 180 feet from the ground; and when com pleted it will be more than 300 feet ! Between this tower and St. Stephen's porch a range of buildings is being put up to contain offices and committee-rooms for the peers, which will shut out from view the exterior of the House of Lords, now seen in Old Palace-yard, and present a handsome façade to the road, four stories in height, with a clock-tower in the centre, 120 feet from the ground. Oriel windows, alternating with windows in recesses, with bal conies before them, will give life and variety to this front. . . . . It will terminate almost in a point, containing a staircase, next the approach to St. Stephen's-hall (with which it will communicate with the ground floor), so as not to interfere with the lights. At the back of this range of buildings, and extending east, will be a large apartment, not yet commenced, 46 feet long, and 27 feet wide, to be called the Painted Chamber, for the complete decoration of which, with pictures in fresco, Mr. Herbert, R.A., has received a commission, and he is now, we believe, engaged in pre paring for the work. Hereafter it will be a subject of wonder that so vast a building was completed from one plan, and in so short a space of time, as the Westminster Palace has occupied.—The Builder. FRENCH LANGUAGE.—MOOS. L. P. PLUMTOT. at the re quest of several large families, has determined to introduce Single Ladies to any of the fifteen different Classes directed by him, in Six respectable Educational Establishments for Young Ladies, on the same terms as the Pupils themselves. Mons. P. has classes of all gradations, from beginners in the French Alphabet to the Pupils capable not only of understand ing very well the Classic Works used by him, (the same as adopted in the best Educational Establishments in Paris,) but also capable of speaking and writing correctly the French Language. Each Lady has the option of remaining in the different classes one, two, or three hours twice a-week. Gen tlemen,of all ages, may be introduced also into several Es tablishments for Young Gentlemen, on the sam e te rms as th e Pupils. Prospectuses, Prospectuses, with Directions as to each Establish ment, Terms, and many Testimonials !from Ladies, Clergy. men, and Gentlemen who have learned the French Language upon Mons. P.'s new system d ur i ng th e l as t t en years, may b e had at any time. at the Professor's Residence, or by post. Pri vate Lessons, for Ladies or Gentlemen, at the Professor's Resi dence, at the Pupils' Residence, or bycorrespondence, as usual. The next Quarter commences on the 3rd of October next. The Paris Illustration and - French Daily Newspapers are con stantly in Mona. P.'s apartment, at the disposal of all his Pupils. Mons. P. is at home every day from One to Two in the Afternoon, and after Seven in the Evening.—No. 45, UPPZII PA RLIAMENT-STREET. ECCLESIASTICAL INTELLIGEZ -......*-- TS AND. AP , INTMENTS Rev. C. S. Fripp, to the Curacy of K minster, Wilts. _ _ Aston Deverill, War- Rev. A -. Hoare, 111,A., to the Rectory of Calbourne, near Newport, Isle of Wight. Rev. H. Jones, M.A., to the Curacy of Shelley, Suffolk. Rev. J. Macnaught, 8.A., to the Incumbency of the Church of St. Chrysostoni, Everton; Lancashire. . . Rev. C. H. Morgan, M.A., Vicar of Abbotts Leigh, to an Honorary Canonry in Bristol Cathedral. Rev. W. S. Newman, M.A., Head Master of the Tavistock Grammar School, to the Rectory of Coryton, Devon. Rev. J. C. Pigott, 8.D., to the Saints, Dorset. Rev. R. Polwhele, M.A., to the Vicarage of St. Stephen's by-Saltash. Cornwall. arage o Rev. C. R. Rowlatt, to the Curacy (not the Vicarage) of West Thurrock, Romford, Essex. . . Rev. T. Saulez, M.A.;to the Incumbency of All Saints, Islington, London. Rev. J. R. Stock, M.A., Incumbent of All Saints Church, Islington,_ London, to the Vicarage of Finchingfield, Essex. . ReV. VV. VD!leis, Vicar of Ilromsgro Honorary Canonry in Worcester Cathedral Rey. S: H. L. Warner, M.A., to the Vicarage of How,hton le-Dale. The Bisnop OF DURHAM, who manifested unmistake able signs of the effects of age and infirmity in his recent visitation tour, continues to be in a very precarious state of health. At the confirmations about to take place in different parts of the diocese the Bishop of Manchester will officiate for the venerable prelate.—Leeds Intelli gencer. TESTIMONIAL TO A CLERGTMAN. — The Rev. T. S. Wallace, who has recently been appointed to the curacy of Great Budsworth, Chester, was last week presented, by the members of St. Jude's Church, in this town, with a pocket communion service, and a well-filled purse. From the teachers in the schools attached to the church he also re ceived a handsome writing-desk, and a copy of Scott's Commentary. The Canterbury Journal states that the Ven. Arch deacon Davis, late of Melbourne (Australia), after declining two livings—one the bishopric of Sydney, offered by the Duke of Newcastle, and the other the rectory of Whitby, offered by the Archbishop of York— , has accepted the in cumbency of Christ Church, Ramsgate, rendered vacant by the removal of the Rev. E. Hoare, M.A., to Tunbridge wells. OXFORD.—The long disputed question of assessing the Colleges and Halls to the poor-rate is likely to be brought to an amicable termination. The University authorities will consent to pay a quota of the rate, on condition of their having a fair share in the representation of the Board of Guardians. The amount of the quota to be paid, and the number of Guardians to be elected on the part of the University are to be settled in the course of next term. CinTßcir OF SCOTLAND.—At a meeting of the Episcopal Synod, on Wednesday, in St. Mary's Church, Renfield street, the Right Rev. Dr. Trower resigned his office as Bishop of Glasgow, in consequence of the state of Mrs. Trower's health, which will compel the bishop and his family to reside permanently in the south of Europe.—The Hon. and Rev. R. Liddell, M.A., brother to Lord Ravens worth, and incumbent of St. Paul's Church, Knights bridge, is likely to be appointed to the bishopric of Glasgow, in the room of Dr. Trower. DIOCESE OF CHESTER CONSECRATIONS. — On the 30th ultimo, the additional burying-ground of St. John's Church, Workington, in the county of Cumberland, was consecrated by the Bishop of Chester ; and on the 4th instant, that of the parish church of Ulverston, in the county of Lancaster. BARDSEA NEW. Cnuncm.— The new church of the Holy Trinity, Bardsea, in the parish of Urswick, in the county of Lancaster, was consecrated by the Bishop of Chester, on the sth instant. It was built at the expense of the Rev. Thomas Edmund Petty, of Wellhouse, in the said parish, upon a piece of land conveyed by him for that purpose to Her Majesty's Commissioners for Building Churches, and has been duly endowed by him with a com petent maintenance for the minister, in addition to a portion of the pew-rents, and with a repair fund. The patronage has been vested in Mr. Petty, his heirs and assigns. The church has accommodation for about 230 persons, and 125 of the sittings are set apart as free. The ground surrounding the church was at the same time con secrated as a cemetery or yard to it. PREFERMENTS.—The Rev. Joseph Bush, late chaplain to the West Derby Lunatic Asylum, to the vicarage of Ormskirk, in the county of Lancaster, void by the resig nation of the Rev. W. E. Rawstorne, on the presentation of the Earl of Derby, the patron. Value, £367, with a house.—The Rev. Coote Charles Mulloy, to the stipendiary curacy of St. Peter's Church, Newton-in-Mackerfield, in the county of Lancaster, on the nomination of the Rev. Peter Legh, the incumbent. VisiTiTios.—The Bishop of Chester held a Visitation on Wednesday last, at the parish church of Nantwich, of the clergy of the deaneries of Nantwich and Middlewich ; on Thursday, at Macclesfield, of the clergy of the deanery of Macclesfield, and part of the deanery of Frodsham ; and on Friday, at the parish church of St. Peter, in Liver pool, of the clergy of the deanery of Warrington, par ticulars of which will be found in our columns.— Yesterday and to-day his lordship would hold Visitations of the clergy of the deaneries of Chester, and Malpas, and Wirrall, and part of Frodsham respectively. _ _ ORDINATION.—The examination a of candidates for ordi nation, by the Bishop of Chester, on the 25th instant, will commence at the palace, on Thursday next, at ten o'clock. CONFIRMATIONS.—To-morrow week, the 26th instant, the Bishop of Chester will resume his Confirmations through the remainder of his diocese. The order on that and the succeeding days will be as follows :-26th, Chester, St. Mary's, eleven a.m., and Backford, three p.m. ; 27th, Chester, St. John's, eleven a.m., and Pulford, three p.m. ; 28th, Birkenhead, eleven a.m. TRIENN_TAL VISITATION OF TAT, BISHOP OF THE DIOCESE. TnE Lord Bishop of Cheiter held his triennial visitation for this portion of his diocese on Friday, in St. Peter's Church. The usual morning service, which commenced at eleven o'clock, was read by the Rev. Augustus Campbell, senior rector. The sermon was preached by the Rev. Jno. Jones, M.A., of Waterloo, rural dean. He selected for his text the concluding verse of the fourth chapter of St. Paul's Ist Epistle to Timothy :—" Take heed unto thyself, and to the doctrine. Continue in them ; for in doing so, thou shalt both save thyself and them that hear thee." In the course of his sermon, the reverend gentleman al luded feelingly to the losses sustained by the Church since the last visitation ; and then, addressing the younger cler gymen, he urged on them the necessity of attending to the discharge of their duties,—not with a perfunctory and merely routine application, but to enter into them with heartfelt energy and vigour. He was urgent against growing careless, through familiarity with their daily mi nistrations ; and expressed a hope that no pride of learning would be permitted to lead them from the true sphere of their duty ; but that they would, by constant watchfulness and prayer, prove themselves to be not only good ministers but good citizens, remembering that the mere office does not sanctify the man. " Like priest, like people," was an old saying; and they would do well to remember, that the conduct of the congregation depended in no small degree upon that of the priest. At considerable length he im pressed on his hearers the necessity of taking the scriptures as the sole ground of faith, and rule of life,—as the best safeguard against all errors of doctrine.—At the conclusion of the sermon, the names of the clergy were read over by Mr. J. W. Parry, the bishop's secretary, when about 200 answered. The Bishop then observed that he had next to read his charge to them ; ant, although he hoped it would not be found a very long and tedious one, yet still it would be extremely inconvenient for them to stand in the chancel while he delivered it. If it was agreeable to them to re sume their seats in the body of the church, he would go to the reading-desk. The suggestion was complied with, and his lordship began :—My dear brethren, in meeting you officially again, I wish to express my grateful sense of the kindness which I have continued to receive from you during the time that has intervened since my former visitation. Such proofs of kindness and confidence on your part make the duty light on me ; but what most lightens my task and cheers my heart, is the zeal which you manifest in fulfilling your sacred charge, and the con cord with which you co-operate for the great work of your Christian ministry. I bore happy testimony to this union and concord when I visited you before, and my subsequent experience has confirmed the sentiments which I then expressed. So long as we continue thus diligent and thus united, we may confidently hope that, under God's bless ing, the church will retain and strengthen its hold on the affections and hearts of the people. Amongst other proofs of the zealous devotion of the clergy to their duties, I may especially mention that which has been afforded to me in the long course of my visits for confirmation. The behaviour of the candidates on those occasibns has not only been marked by a sedateness and decorum of manner suitable to the occasion, but, I venture to think, by some thing more than this—by a reverential interest in the performance of the ordinance. This, under the blessing of God's grace, can only be ascribed to the great dili gence which the clergy everywhere have used in pre paring and instructing the candidates, and impressing them with a real sense of the importance of that step in their Christian life. With regard to the children of the poorer classes, I am willing to think that the clergy are gradually finding the labour of preparation light, by the effect of education in the parochial schools. The re ligious knowledge imparted there is a groundwork on which the clergyman may found such more extended in struction as the occasion requires. There are at least the ideas upon which he can proceed to work. In my notices of confirmation, I have mentioned fifteen years of age as a suitable limit, below which candidates should not in or dinary cases be received ; but, as I have received many letters on that point, I wish it to be understood that this is a rule to which the clergy are at liberty to make such exceptions as they, in their discretion, may think fit. A very general and very proper feeling on this point is, that candidates should have attained such an age as fits them for following up their confirmation by presenting them selves as communicants at the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper. Provided that a due regard be had to this con sideration, I do not think that a rigid adherence to a nu merical limit of the age should exclude candidates who fully comprehend the nature of the ordinance and earnestly desire to be admitted to it. When I addressed you on my former visitation, I directed your attention to two subjects of great practical importance—the extension of church accommodation for the people, and the extension of education for the children of the poor. lam happy to say that in both these directions a cheering progress has been, and continues to be, made. Since my former visita tion, nineteen new churches have been consecrated in the diocese ; five others, already complete in their structure, are open for Divine service by license until the necessary preliminaries for consecration are settled ; eight previously existing churches have been entirely rebuilt, in most of the cases with a large increase of accommodation ; others have been restored, enlarged, or improved in their in ternal arrangements ; nine more new churches, at least, are actually now in the course of erectio n. All this has been mainly accomplished by the voluntary liberality and Christian zeal of individuals, aided in some .ases by grants from the Incorporated S oc iety for . Building New Churches, and other old diocesan societies , namely, the Society for Building new Churches populousin rural towns, and the Chapel Building Society for districts. In my former visitation I took the o PPorttunt' of ear neetly recommending thee* ameties to your furOurable i spectfully provisions of parli wired. by lav Of patronage is made by vol ties ; but in almost all case )e left to ti rite. We ca sire in which we Mug our Church, entertain an idea t considerable in amount, have a tender man be above sympathy with his floi work, or rather, let me say, he is belom duty. He is in name only a minister not feel, as his H flock. But then this is not to b springs from a humiliating sens sordid calculations of worldly inter tion to popular prejudices and capric submission to intrusive dictation a k on ti must be a purer and a nob [ging from the in as of human ki all the tendern has no higher feeling than th, his pay. If he had no high should have t oidid thou Mn between and bell, that the rel flocks will be of a higher character, that by mutual affection - and self-devotion on one side, the other. With this im l by responsive g ssion, I certainly only hope that, in the coarse of tir. mented, partly by the privat have already done so much so w( confident, grow weary in well-doir from the fund of Queen Anne's bount3 in beneficial operation for so long a cou partly by the application of such sums tical Commissioners will, I hope, in tim this end, out of the eniscorml. canitular. His lordshija , t the evils of a small endowment, that permit of the - engagement of a second clerg his services were required, and aclmowleiged tude that the want had in a g by the Additional Curates' He mentioned specially the inunilicem ho h of distinguished position, .. pends for two additional curates, if his contribution were doubled by other subscriptions. That had been done, and four additional curates had been employed in consequence. Scripture readers had also been appointed. The bishop then, at very great length, noticed the asylum for the ' education of the orphan daughters, &c., of clergymen, es tablished at Warrington, in connexion with the training school for school-mistresses, speaking very highly of the joint institutions. He then proceeded :--I have spoken with 'satisfaction of the harmony which has prevailed throng! - If there has been anything that ration, ,tiout the diocese. assumed even the momentary appeaL.— it arises out of the proceedings for electing prt present the clergy of the diocese in the provincial convo cation at York. He entered at great length into an expla lation on this subject. The mandate issued by his the Archbishop of York for the clergy of this dio appear in convocation, was expressed in terms corresponding with the ancient form of the diocese, but were not adapted to it in its altered position Only two proctors had be , whereas the general rule was tee of an exc tors to re- Gra( cese to m summoned from the diocese moned for each arehdeaconr could be sum oken with the 1.4 " was certainly aid be set He had sr Archbishop of York L r desirable, he said, that the point in question &Li, at rest. If the meeting of the convocation of the province should remain a mere official ceremony, it would be much to be regretted that any uncertainty as to the rule of elec tion should prove a cause of dissatisfaction and disunion, when the whole matter would be, as it was, a form; but if, on the other hand, the convocation of the province should ever be called upon by royal authority to exercise active powers, then it was really important in the highest degree that there should not be any doubt remaining as to any part of the clergy being adequately represented. In the meantime, he confessed that nothing was further from the wish of the archbishop, and most certainly nothing could be further from his own, than to curtail or abridge any rights the clergy of this diocese might be shown to have possessed in this matter, either by law or custom. Those doubtful points he had referred to affected the composition of the house of convocation, not its functions. They were entirely independent of another question which had re cently been much agitated ; he meant the expediency of reviving the exercise of the long dormant powers of con vocation. That appeared to him to be a question of prac tical prudence, on which men who were equally faithful, and equally friendly to the church, might possibly come to opposite opinions. He thought himself that in this, as in many other cases, the importance of the question, great as it was, had been exaggerated, both by those who desired and by some of those who deprecated, the revival. If convocation were regarded theoretically as the Church of England by representation, then no doubt it was possessed with attributes of high authority ; but then the royal writ was necessary for its assembling, and the exercise of its powers was limited and restrained by law. It was not permitted to enact, promulgate, or execute any canons constitutions, or ordinances, unless it 1 - 1 " mi the subjec assent and license so to but a narrow s' That restric here of spontaneous action gave it Its powe scarcely extended beyond' addressing the crown a respectful representation of any grievances, or a peti tion for a license to transact business. Within a range so circumscribed, if on the one hand there was little effectual good to be expected, yet on the other he thought there was but little evil to be apprehended, provided only that the proceedings be conducted in a spirit of modera tion, and mutual forbearance, and comprehensive charity. Those restraints of which he had spoken as to the convo cation might at first sight appear to place the church in an anomalous and disadvantageous position ; but they were in reality, to a great extent, at least a necessary con sequence inevitably flowing from the connection that subsists between the church and the state. The church was established by law as a national institution. The state secured to it extensive rights, and privileges, and endowments. It was the guardian of its interests, the trustee of its funds. That relation necessarily required that the internal constitution of the church, as to its doc trines and discipline, should be so defined as to charac terise and identify it. They possessed such characteristics in their articles, their liturgy, their canons. Those were at once the rules by which the church regulated itself as a religious society, and they were at the same time the marks of identity by which the state recognised it as esta blished. Any alteration or modification, therefore, in its internal laws and formularies, could only be made with the assent and sanction of the state, either of the Sove reign or of the legislature, according to the nature and magnitude of the change. To this extent the indepen dence of the church was necessarily abridged, and its free dom of action limited by its connection with the civil power. Now this might happen to be a disadvantage, but it was far more than compensated by the reciprocal benefits the church and state derived from their connection with each other, and it was, he ventured respectfully to express his opinion, a disadvantage in appearance rather than in reality. The affairs of the world, they knew, were subject to perpetual change. Improvements in art and science, new forms of productive industry, new developments of power, new combinations of materials—these and such things called continually for new legislation, in the incessant progress of society ; but affairs of religion were placed above these mutations by a fixity and permanence of their own. The great truths of the Gosp( changeable as their Divine Author, the a and to-day and for ever. It was one of th - ere as Teat princi- pies of the Reformed Church that Holy Scripture contains all things necessary for salvation, and that it is the one immutable, infallible truth ; but such, we knew, was the imp€ human mind, that men from the same written Word had deduced different doctrines To enard at►ainaf ua not as presumptuously substituting acreed of ri ' s7wn '''' 'in- I stead of the written Word of God, but as a foundation in fixing the sense in which the Scripture was interpreted by those within its pale. Now, the manner in which that delicate task had been executed bore indications of great wisdom, and, what always accompanied it, great modera tion. The framers of their articles had drawn a broad line of demarcation between their own church and that of Rome. It was a line so plainly and broadly marked that no disingenuous sophistry could ever obliterate or disguise it. But while the reformers firmly disapproved of those parts of the Church of Rome in which human inventions and traditions had been allowed to supersede and eclipse the Word of God, they knew at the same time that the work in which they were engaged was a work not of innovation but of restoration ; and they, therefore, as firmly retained whatever else in the doctrine and discipline of antecedent times was ac cording to the tenor of Scripture and the simplicity of evangelical truth. His lordship then spoke of the liturgy as a popular body of doctrine. There were in this country great numbers of good men who dissented from their church. Some of those differed from them on grounds so broad as to preclude the hope of a unity; but there were; others who were separated from them by lighter shades of 1 opinion, and did not so much object to any of the doctrines of their church, as to the particular form of language in' which they were in some few places expressed. It might be said, and he admitted it might be said with truth, that , the severance of those persons from their communion by their own act might be regretted as an indication of un willingness on their part to allow to the formularies of the church that "favourable construction" which the preface to the liturgy spoke of; but, on the other hand, they must remember that it might also be said, that if it were possible to bring such persons back to the communion of the church without any compromise of its doctrinal truths, and merely by the substitution in some places of terms less liable to misconception, the result would be a matter of great joy to all who were animated by the spirit of true Christian charity, at least let charity be an excuse for the expression of that passing sentiment. His lordship, in eloquent terms, acknowledged the zeal of the clergy, and said that the laity had responded by unequivocal proofs of increasing attachment to the church, which they had shown an equal readiness to defend, both against encroachments from without and betrayal from within. New churches had been erected, additional ministers had been employed, new sc h oo l s • had been built for the edu cation of the poor, a superior class of instructors had been introduced into those schools ; there was a vast improve ment, he would venture to say, in the character of the rising generation, and even in the reli g i ous impressions of those of riper years. Now, these were signs of vitality, of energy, and o f p rogress . Hi s lordship then observe d, that the church had been gradually and unceasingly enlarging its operations ; and he looked for a continuance to a reconstruction of its forms, or the of its of its well-doing, not so much to a revi val of convocation, re sum p tion long disused and • seldom exercised functions, as to the f our CI their s prelate condo... people thgeollyslheepwhoerrdd of t " truth, li th d n o t the , g their imagination with a vain display of C 1 pageantry, not disturbing their minds with Lavauuivica outs. •-• • •••- nO 1 01 In the afternoon, about forty of the clergy m the en w ittended the services in St. Peter's Church dined with i Hotel CHESHIRE AND TVAL.ES. r week ended September 11, CHESTER. AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY.—Trap parcels, &c., £4,317 19s. 3d. ; goods, £1,39 4 55 ' ge Steam-boats : £693 4s. Bd. Total, £6,405 9s. 2d. Inc,re*: as compared with the corresponding week last Y ea ' 1853 :—Railwa Passentger: £1,354 17s. ld. TT 1 head staff' IA SHOCKING ACCIDENT occured at the „„. tion of the Chester and Holyhead line. On Mond* rfte last week, Rich ar d Williams, a porter in the service ottiown. Ay, was returni ng from the Old Pier to th e sta w hen with several empty excursion carriages. an ` A " der' in the act of crossing a portion of the line which is going some repairs, his foot slipped into a trench being made to e rec t a new p l a tf orm . His head fell oani rails whilst the carriages were in motion, and it wa s terally crushed to pieces. idasta TRANMERE NATIONAL SCHOOLS.--These schools been found inadequate for the increasing juvenile 1043. tion of the locality, the foundation-stone of a new for ing was laid some months ago. The new school wa s ej many opened on Mond a y week, by the usual interr.,4, proceedings. The children walked in proc ession al 5, their old school on the H o lt, and, on arrivin g t the new one, they were met by th e Rev. B. Arthure,.P';',o, Rev. A. Willink, M.A., and the committee. After Pr''' A to and the singing of a hymn, the building was be opened, amidst the cheers of all present. Tb e school was erected by subscription. (10 , " MORMONISM IN WALES. — The adherents to t ... e b trines of Mormonism increase rather than din ii :" - clstted, those districts of South Wales where the have es' s- 0 ' themselves, and of late they have received an 8 , 6 6 ' 1 .4 strength in several persons of middle class statian'tter well known Welsh lecturer, named Robert Pal , known by his appellation of " Robyn Ddu," ha s re- fora l joined the ranks of Mormonism, and is now holding o hea to these deluded people. An extensive exodus had their, place during the summer, andnumbers es have four, deciareuve way over to the waters of the Salt Lake. Large ',or' these misguided people have left Glamorganshire , L,'" r j, thenshire, and the hill country of Monmouth for for and numbers will leave their native land next sP p leell their fancied elysium. Mi rac l es are repu t e d to ha v- f a itlr aerformed by the elders of the sect, all of which are I comp= fully believed by their dupes. ortl A PLEASANT WELCOME.—On Wednesday was given by Mr. and Mrs. Atkinson, of Ashton , t ior, near Chester, on the occasion of the settlement °` ge new incumbent, the R ev . J o h n W. L es t er, l a te cg r iote St. Andrew's, in this town. The school-room sos„il the fully decorated with flowers and evergreens, and n ot. heads of houses were i nv it e d. Aft er a b oun tiful rer t eil the meeting was add resse d b y th e wort h y squ i r e, 1 1 i 3 e Nr incumbent, the vicar o f T arv i n, an d the Rev. ~, Lester, curate of St. Barnabas's, Liverpool. As the se d to room could not accomm o d a t e all the invited, a secon sc ia party was given to the remaining half; on the f011°,00,0, evening, when they were addressed by the Rev.T.C,..C„ O t°, incumbent of St. Andrew's, in this town, in a&B;01 1 ' several of the above gentlemen. Altogether two P' and profitable evenings were spent. poif THE RECENT ROYA L V ISIT TO H OLVIE A the stay of the Queen at Holyhead, Mr. John .1 - 1 - , , for keeper of the principal tower in darnarvon warded to the Prince of W a l es a b as k e t o f a pples, 5 e , 03 0 panied by a memorial, stating that he had m ade garden upon a part of th e cas tl e wall, known in tl O fee t sent times as the Green-gate. The garden was g tit high from the street, was 36 feet in length, au r e width. He had planted an apple tree in it, which I Y 3 A 1 5 first fruit this year, and of w hi c h M r . J on es beEtIV 11 royal highness's acceptance, "f or the na me of ll ic An ' ot'" where it had been grown." To thi s th e following,_, 3 ' bee° ledgment has been received :—" C o l one l Phipps following commanded to thank Mr. John Jones for some l, grown on Carnarvon Castle, which he has bete 0 , enough to send to His Royal Highness the 1 311 ",,cef' Wales." Her Majesty was graciously pleased tg t to D 6 the present on behalf of the prince, and to order ost sent to Balmoral, whither the royal party were ins' to proceed gIIREWSTIT'RY AND CHESTER RAILWAY.-011 10 a special meeting of the shareholders of this Rue ider at the Royal Hotel, Chester, for the purpose of e i V e ;-ter ii ing terms of amalgamation w ith the Great " d ire Company. John Williams, Esq., chairman of th e ce d tors, presided; and, after a lengthy speech, ,r ° resolution to the effect that a memorandum of a 1 mation with the Great Western be ratified ,—s the Johnston, of Edinburgh, proposed an amendment ° ,4 DP effect that no offer from any company be con?defoeo the shareholders until after the half-yearly meetloga e d 11 new directors will be appointed, which was seci ) % s o' Mr. Kennedy, of London.—After considerable disc ap o the motion was carried by a large majority, whe nest was demanded, and the meeting was adjourne d ,' v otegt day.—On Wednesday the scrutineers declared N e to be in favour o g f to th t e he with the Great Western Company. One of te j m n o u ti m on ber san of et s i b o a ni res ng rtehperesaeninaigted, hara , e :efat i , oo : tineers, however, Henry Kennedy, Esq., disr' n rote'":„ validity of some of the votes, and handed in air reporting the amendment to be carried. 111.,e , f e d. 13 ',..„ received it, but declared the original motion aufinple . decision was received with loud cheers A tary motion was also carried, under a Pru..ctavV l Mr. Munroe, authorising the dire c t ors to -- D rava — evil the bill for amalgamation with the Great Wester% e foSe should the Shrewsbury and Birmingham Company fo become partl. thereto. aes a V lic e ' SEIZURE OP GUNPOWDER.—At the Birkenhea. court, on Friday, before Sir Edward Cust, J. D. Cas e e, Hall, and J. S. Jackson, Esqrs, Mrs. Winder, th 0V; of the Windermere steamer, and John Lamb, the cap t` ; appeared to a summons granted on the inforrnati9 Captain Gregg, head constable of Liverpool, for barins,, whiderre;;'i larger quantity of gunpowder on board the in the river, than allowed by law. The inferma t t n d for supported by Mr. Aspinall, and Mr. Simon aPPe'":,:„, to the defendants. A short time ago a vessel belengi'Lft, Mrs. Winder, called the Elizabeth, arrived tb i ,, s ;jet , from Cardiff, having on board 1500 kegs of g un k - f tv o (about 25,000 lbs.,) which was to be put on board the_, i Watson, for Africa. The Flimbeth was detahleurrice Beaumaris Bay from stress of weather, and did ne i t ; , a betft until the Anna Watson had gone to sea. The , had ninety tons of coal under the gunpowder' t Arctic steamer, and the owners not knowing wil'af with the gunpowder, sent the Windermere out ° the where she was lying for sale, into the river, Del het Magazines, and transhipped the powder on board;i n tl), e until it could be returned to Cardiff. Whilst lying t102,' river, the steamer had a red flag flying to indi ma de she had powder on board, and no attempt was 4 tbe conceal the fact. She was, however, seized, as vreP:j gunpowder, the latter being removed to the deP o , , '",,er present proceeding was to recover a penalty of til et e for all above the quantity allowed by law (50 lbs.) iio, 3 the Bench, at the request of Mr. Simon , re- t i e d c ilie j ig their judgment until the govern ni pati'to be communicated with on the subject, they being - e d to half the penalty &c. The gunpowder beloeg Messrs. Wakefield and Co., of Kendal. - po t* SEPULCHRAL MONUMENTS. Mr. :Williare to Birmingham, has Laid the foundation of a ne w , e. te ' most important branch of industry, which bids cl , Ef the means of producing an entire revolution hl ' l ,"ieet meter of our sepulchral monuments. It is the c ;yof t A v e , Mr. Potts to correct the wide and undeveloped o s ity age in this respect—to make the grave spots N parted truly eloquent with the lif e th oug hts ancl.„,, ern t ioal of the living—to exalt and dignify the human au'Thicb.„ manifested in those solemn and painful tributes mikes upon the li v i ng t o o ff er t o th e dead. '''' t ,,lo "_sh this by cheapening monnraello -4 it in such forms and materials __„oitt within the reach of all classes of the wain and models which we have had tefe .aspect, the intentions of the patentee 9,',fro sed. He has availed himself of the facilitieS,;lo.lll; process of electro-deposition to produce el L e i ry b , Fj cures or groups in bronze, in which a and of art is attained, and which, from the. 7,,t intv of their reproduction, can be supPlief tV.r."-e . ...,1 0 tP rom giving, to accor mbodyir the des by the sonable cost. The principals" "ho illustrative of Valour dyil e er and represents a general , ' seen slain in battle reclining in a , dll. lo oe whilst Fame, stretching forth the PO I ' a re ifb tr e At the back of the figa r j e s. , s pines of flags and other warlike accesf r 'i s ts loTf in whole is a deposit. of metal in bronze, allu es . black marble entablature, supported by trlogP7i; t he design conveys the idea of "filial love 1 100 0 °- refie4; memory," and consists of an elegant bf i : t ., the 15 " - " centre of which is an urn or an altar, 7g i , „- tb erea t ;Il ea ° the deceased, in attitudes of mo The group is broken by the figure of the g ele t,, pipe, pi kneels in front examining the inscription h e is to have cut upon the tomb. The whole is 1 / e d r a marble border. A third monument , 01. o f aP° toe tensions than either of the above fists bro-ai slab of dove-coloured marble on Which is eacefifes trefoil, bearing in very low relief three dehcateve;. TP; angels, typical of the ascent of the soul to 11 4 e3 ra ys a 11/ 10 detail is remarkably fine, inasmuch as it P ° 4 - 4 ., — f effee t 4o ll devotional feeling, without' any straining aLv- ber Of ar addition to the foregoing, ' there area num- c irct i r,s models ready for execution, and adapted to every iqubiT die 73 0, 1 : 0 , stance and emotion—the whole bearing of the skill of the designer, and the pliability Tile 11°. '" rials Mr. Potts has ressed into his service. t:9ll;iele ment alluded to as "filial love honouring fain o f the has been designed at the request of the family the par, dui Mr. Churton, and is intended t o be erecte church of Whitchurch to his memory. arms of Fame )ends over him HORTICULTUR ,nsiPg .I°,l -- ----- w - , „ STOVE, CONSERVATORY, &c.- Complete taet-61;rove all greenhouse and conservatory plants, exceP s the .;, themnms, which may remain out as long . 3 ar ylil - ,,i weather lasts. The various bulbs, such as .a.11;500. Pe Libinus, &c., which have passed the blooming s e i o riP e d be placed under a south wall, or in a cold frarae, rotetji off : this may be done effectually, if they fram e p r from the heavy rains. A similar process will T h i r ae c :i for Gloxinias, Gesnerias, Senningias, NiPas , ' t c hey eis and other similar plants, with this difference,- -a or 'of be placed near the light, either in the greelth eu- ,0 11 well-covered frame, where they must have the 5- ` water gradually diminished. 0 34 re' t . c ons FLOWER GARDEN.—Neatness requires the - }log oi moval of the stems of plants which have done, sta ke, and the frequent examination of the bands an' MN:4 large plants, liable to injury from ing ~,,, I , .i i Stenactis, plants,, and other sw'„,,s 0, flowering ornamental should have their sl o 7 te d bl o out separately. We have seen a very neat issl2thera.4, lovers of the herbaceous plants, for disPLaY e s to vs: advantage •it consists in putting four neat stale, „fit tuft, and fixing a small hoop, made of sorae P u Tot 9? ' near the top of the stakes ; the stalks of the r then tied separately to the hoop. lust eve Willer LI i vest tt Punt, ye - is above far below I )ithy whic 'om obsequious No, it .ntiment flowing with Christiar gyman it is well that he 'g9 and it will . be marked ence—by willi the several endow ill be gradually aug - of individuals who II not, I am ?artly from grants Bich has been f years ; and he Ecciesias- man, when Jeman , offered to provide sti- felt, s: tion to their duties on eral spheres of ministerial THE LIVERPOOL STANI R,D, AND GENERAL CO IMERCIAL ADVERTISER FEMBER 20, 1853. eVe ~.ief, vvli tin dc tialt a Pe - So ap e SPiri Sliga Of p . titi ee and t hen Will theSl 411 1 ,,,7 .t t ; Tit! r • 1) (14 ' 1 tit fr tnat( o I 111 ,slowf t el thilp