The Northern Daily Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-11-04 00:00:00

'Olf COMMITTEE : Y ESTERDAY 4r p i , Th e A.N ets SAND, Deputy-chairman, in the chair. ,!t.ler members present were —M essrs . E vans , R o bi n - SiniA7 e Kett, Steele, Malcomson, Rounthwaite, Rankin, d Littledale Molyneux, Robertson Gladstone, Barber, b r o th • ' su b - committe e recommended that the tenders of Sidd, T ed " d 4 7, for 100 tons of Scotch pig iron, and of Mr. James tiiit tee '°r a quantity of brushes, be accepted. The sub-corn- Densartiofwarehouse management recommended a certain'com gum 1 + 1). amounting. to half ayear's rent in each, to be ittaste,.."°, dockmaster and three assistant dock departs m consequence of removal. In the marine tees sub nt there was nothing to report. The harbour mas dock committee recommend that 10s. be given to Lewis, kat : f ga r te man, for jumping into the dock and saving a itlaster°m drowning. A report was read from the harbour th e do ),.?a the present system of collecting the accounts by tees • e ' men) for damages done to the property of the trns tages Ile stated that the system, among other disadvan- PPrived them of the services of the men when most h e 8 eLt , and recommended that the accounts for the future to ll ' eet t ' o the Treasurer's office, and collected by one of the to re , °rs clerks. A communication was read from the hecrer) enclosing tha following verdict of the jury on the th e Y : o f 'Williams, of the fire brigade, who was drowned at fest lher h e , A °" 4 "We are of opinion that there is a mani theive - I. ,°f light and protection along the King's parade, houL'emg no lamps there, nor a life buoy at the custom th o — i ` i i' A but at the south-west end, which we eonbider there tio n, have been." The property belonging to the corpora town. I w as ordered that the letter should be sent to the cle r k oi. kast ere 'cl - RA-Nt wished to know why it was that . certain th e es+ni. of certain works, receiving the highest salaries under for re.„,""lishment, had £2O and other sums allowed them. ter, o F ° viog from one house to another, whilst other ma.s rteei„%°ther docks, having as heavy and important duties eei v i t g much smaller salaries, had to remove without re 70,aaYhing. t he 8 l 'l-6, lltiVali replied that it was a recommendation of Ribi, llQ-c ° lll mittee, that all the Dock Masters who have been Th;" e ted to removal, should receive the same consideration. Ilavi j n. ,, lt 'cre under very considerable expense in removing, and tilek applied for one year's rent, the committee allowel 41 alf ' terta. etter Was read from certain master porters, skino c .,, a to the ad vance having been made in the rates existing prior toddy -tst of October last, for the landing and porterage of t c o d a •ssilig through the Albert dock warehouse, if it were t ates7 s v mPlation to advance, and if so, what eent, the pas s e ch argeable on go o ds l an d e d i n th e o p en docks, and totan'ig. through the hands of the master porters. They r orii.3, l4 ed that certain sugges ti ons o f th e mas t er p or t ers , 'ally at the instance of the committee, had not been as Itlaq e ,, ° llsidered as they deserved, and stated that certain h Ztt er ` Orters now acting, were violating the spirit and t 4(1, c o (4 the bye-laws passed for the regulation of their body. !N e(1 11 -sidered that the wages of labourers having so in !IS rates should also be increased to such an amount '°N ) ° „ — it enable the master porters to realize a reasonable 'kties'ilsation for the time and capital involved in their tat e t • 84 'auEn. observed that the understanding was that the r e l y to 'iud i. be so framed as to allow a fair compensation l~ th e the men engaged in the act of porterage, and not Purpose of enabling others to earn a livelihood from 4 r . eumsorr said that thes ,_c o ,,' °ll Of the committee. T o t alinication was accordingly referred to them. k N a toitax called attention to a matter that had been to remain over until the return of the harbour i; Ile was aware that a resolution had been adopted, 3 • 1 1 cases of sickness, persons employed about the ‘t l ° l lld only have as much per week allowed them, thl i tk the money th e y h a d rece i ve d from the clubs, p a ,,,VoUnt to their weekly wages. He admitted that e i;c44,lras a good one, and that it had worked well, k e ,.'edo at the Albert' dock warehouse ; but he con- Oti o ,t the cases which he had at a former meeting 1 0 ,ei,, et t) were deserving of exemption. The two men tlj i llipeg'ed under the direction of the officers, and while oitsh," ll:l 3 'eft, received very serious injuries. There could be h, shay in the matter, for he himself had seen one ( ! rt 'eir he e -e a, and the injuries he had sustained ; and though vt ,ll ea -4 es r deservin g of consideration on the ground ); ts e, I - 1 ,1 4 Y ealeoneet conval that it would be but ;14 ‘Prudent for y the committee to pay them their full ' 4 14 4 ' 0 r the time they were laid up, and so hold out an eck i i„kent to all in their employ, to perform on all ki . uhs their duty and something more. kitt,„ 4 ALcumsoN thought the harbour master's coin r „A,"" isr as the most com p e t en t t o d ec id e i n th e matter. s o ,,fL‘Onniso said that as the rule was then ca rr i e d, c ' o ,l4 lt p ela 'd be no violation of it to grant an applicati o n f or Salon coming from the men. t~ IT • LOCI ETT observed that it would be very bad to Ott f r om the general rule, for if they did, the whole would be injured. tile matter then dropped. , 7r. ItonvaxsoN GLADSTONE directed attention to the I,the quay, on the 'west side of George's dock. ''• x \O 4 kRETARY. , replied that it belonged to the cor °. 4 i ti ci tb * r t h I. O4I 44 „ S TONE wished that some plan could be devised h th e L l' the whole of the paving about the town, j: d ,thol i ,bu,aads of the borough engineer. At all events, ktl'id 1 ' it should be made the management of one Th e e l k'. , 43 Mittee then adjourned 47 .4. t r ,tes were under the con- ' 4 'S'EY COMMISSIONERS' MEETING. Th Oat e i V l 4. 4l , monthly meeting of this board was held last rige to l'oe board-room, Liscard, Mr. PENNY in the chair. 0 ° ,,,: e .„r Members present were, Messrs. Odell, Wilson, Bath, Beausire, Lawrence, Hill, Barton, Neville, She r ' Coulbourne. th, • - .,`"Ltaii. read the minutes of a special meeting, held t 11th of October. °t. P r illei al afters of public interest were a memorill P „.ere a , ase of wages from the police force, on . the ground of_ T Nst a l e ,°f duty, andthe great advance inprovisions—the chief la. to from frora 28s. to 30s. per week, and the officers from &Cob, - 48 ., which was ordered to be complied with. 1• 1,-41anications were submitted from the Local Board to 44: 41 ;d of Health, respecting the removal of several ma ;.lthi Tong the strand at Seacombe and prof some Zthe'ea involved the question of ownership of several parts .4 tio, Btr ands, and required communication with the Cora • t :ers of Woods and Forests, which had taken place. Zeiti'solution of the sub-committee, complaining of the I ‘ .l el; ll l ,.. e oavenience of the existing postal arrangements, and rer„" 4 d been forwarded to Mr. Banning, post-master of 411 1:r ° L Was laid before the meeting. In his reply, Mr. 111„14g Promised attention to the communication, tr "lid o ; r eport of the Inspector of Nuisances was submitted, rod he motion of Mr. Wusowit was ordered to be en °4 th e • te minu s. pc'tekitZlerable discussion took place as to the power of sub b,'Nraj'e, to perform any acts without the sanction of the ,o o ard. This was said to have been the cause of "NY in making improvements of pressing necessity `t(ltii,nPortance. It was ultimately resolved that the board t Att en r n i ?et as a c omm itt ee t o sanc ti on suc h orders. _ td '4 as on was drawn to a serious nuisance which existed Zt t , oNv strip of strand at Seacombe, and to another at Ithis4t4o Parade. Th e diffi cu lty was t o fi n d th e owne rs .v'oPerty, which was necessary, t o The %a crying one, could be abated. iihNra ,_RAIR7st.A.N, in the absence of Mr. Pooley, brought 117), obis motion, that immediate measures for the general i ii s , l t 4 - 1 ' the parish be taken, for the purpose of exhibiting t th at in order that draining may be carried out. He t:lkcekti- he did not wish to bind the board in any way, his 1, - 4 ,4 1 .; °11 , Only went so far as that they should advertise for ti: 4 4lti o ' ° r a general survey of the district, and also for a 01 3 4 of the same, for the purpose of rating. A valuation t e necessary for a rate under the Wallasey Improve 6c,t, Provided the Poor Rate was not a fair valuation, 1 ) ,,q),,, 'NEILL o bj ec t e d t o th e survey. H e sa id th e i r own co ald do all they required, and he would ask this e f ° , Pause before it infficted the expense of a survey (144,d 4 1-L abitants. The Government might think proper to 4 gli te W n engineers to make an Ordnan c e Survey. r) • o t , • liv'' ‘ , 4 / 1 134),N said that the survey was necessary. The " ad would not answer for any purpose. 14 71% 4 11 •N'rron. of the board said a survey of the town tOke ,tile scale set down, would cos t £l,OOO. h N ~bt,.'s e ussion took place, in the cou rse o f w hi c h se veral o bjected to th e ex p ense , an d u lti ma t e l y i 11 at t h iAN said as the feeling of the board was ht e.,rtm Motion he would suggest that an amendment r, moved. fl . r c/t cle r j ., l, l4 moved as an amendment that the surveyors t tl th e eq to examine Mr. West's map, as to its sufficiency Ted to Purpose of the act. This was unanimously the c o , . ".Ideration for a new valuation was also postponed . b il littli °tlo n of Mr. NEVILLE, until the finance committee Ve r i ;ated with the surveyors of the united townships. Kates other business of a routine nature, the board before the nuisance, V4p 1 r, `-'II,IUM for FOREIGN and BRITISH k ) SHAWLS AND MANTLES, il„\t, 44, BOLD-STREET. 414Nfiql.,,,OLENNAN begs to intimate that he is now 1 AG his new STOCK of WINTER SHAWLS and ksg,' 4l )l t ES, and would draw especial attention to the Ved't, Department,- which is unusually large and well 1 4),,Zta I Z: s oth in Styles and Materials, having made arrange ,a ;el a first-class Paris House to send all Novelties as appear in Paris. N 94i Inspection is invited and on no account will 4t4ebie.importuned to purchas , e, but will meet with the vilitv. YOlsn il i: T HE BISHOP OF DERRY.-- The Right R ev klOrsl "Y, Lord. Bishop of Derry and Raphoe, died Do4,Yrytll. orning last, after a long illness, at the THE NORTHERN DAILY TIMES. ► D.R. NEWMAN'S LECTURE. On last evening, Dr. Newman delivered, in the Concert Hall, Lord Nelson-street, the last of his series of lectures on the Tartar races. The hall, though not over-crowded, was exceedingly full; and on the platform were the Very Rev. Canon's Walmsley and Toole, Revs. J. Walsh, Maine, W. Gillett, JP.Doherty, H. Gibbon, and J. Nugent ; R. Sheil, M. Cullen, T. Cullen, P. Leonard, M. A ungier, J. Gibson, J. Yates, Jun., J. B. ASpinall, J. Livingston, and D. Powell, Esqrs. The Rev. G. Gillow took the chair, and in introducing the Rev. Lecturer, apologised for the absence of the Right Rev. Dr. Goss, who would have been present to preside on the occasion, were it not for sudden indisposition. Dr. Newman then came forward and was greeted with the most enthusiastic and continued applause. Having thanked the assembly for their kind reception of him, he said that he was about to continue his remarks on the history of the Turks. He said he had first considered them in their origin as Tartars, and then he had spoken of them as having come, in the course of ages, from the remote and wild regions in which they first were, into the country which they now inha bited. He had spoken of them, however, only in their ex ternal character, but he would now wish to consider them rather in their inward significance. And they were worthy of such consideration; for so it was that there was no nation, no race, that cast so black a shadow upon Asiatic history as the Turks did. If we looked at other wild.and savage nations —the Goths and Lombards—the Franks and early Anglo- Saxons, and even the Magyars of Hungary—all were con verted. The Saracens, though they were not converted and had the will to do all manner of harm to the Christians, yet they had not the power ; for after a few centuries they dwind!ed away, and came to nothing. Even the Tartars, though they had the will and the power, after their invasions and raids, turned back again or dispersed, no one knew how or whither ; but, miserable to say, such was not tha case with the Turks. They in their youth, in their manhood, and now in their old age, and while declining from inanition, were ever the same—the most anti-chris tian of all races and peoples. In his last lecture he stopped "at the year 1041, and he now mentioned that date, because it was the time when the Sultan Alp Ghazan turned his face to the west, and came down through Persia, upon Con stantinople; and in doing so, opened the gates of christen dom to the numerous tribes of his followers. In vain was Constantinople respited—in vain was Europe saved for a time ; for so it was, that at the very moment it seemed that their dreadful invaders were about to be finally overthrown and become extinct, up rose the greatest of their race— great in a Human point of view—the glorious and brilliant face of the Ottoman, who at present possessed Constanti nople. There was a remarkable parallel and contrast between the history of the two races of the Turks —the Seljukians and Ottomans. The Seljukians, as the Ottomans, came down in great power, headed by their three great Sultans, and all but took Con stantinople. They came to the very borders—to the Bosphorus—but impediments rose in their way, and they were repulsed. So again was it with the Ottomans. They came to the Bosphorus—crossed it, and though not at the first attempt, took Constantinople. That was at once the parallel and the contrast between the history of these two races ; and the impediments which came in their way—first in the one race and then in the other—were respectively two warriors, Zhengis and Timour. As Zhengis came down against the Seljukians, so in like manner did Timour come down against the Ottomans; and though the attack of the one was not greater than that of the other, yet Zhengis suc ceeded and Timour failed. These two great monarchs were mere blind instruments of fate—that was to say, they were instruments in the hands of the Almighty, but it was as if they were mere elements of mischief, for they knew not what they were doing. They were merely prompted to go forward in their career of rapine and of havoc, by the instincts wtihin them of cruelty and ambition, and of all the bad passions which actuate the human breast. They thus rushed forward, opposing every obstacle, for they conceived that in overcoming them was mansfested certain power; and so they opposed the Turks though they knew nothing of them. But there was another enemy which the Turks had of a very different character. This other was no enemy in the moral order of things—he was the great power throned, as he had ever been throned since the first days of Christianity in the west. They were opposed not only by barbarian forces in the East, but they were opposed by the Vicar of Christ in the West ; and his opposition was of a very different kind, indeed, from that which was exerted against them by Zhengis or Timour. He resisted continuously for upwards of 700 years the power of the Turks, and as continually protested against his inva sion of Christendom. For two centuries he succeeded, but after that in vain were his efforts—in vain were his protests —in vain were his attempts to rouse the princes of Christen dom to unite against the fierce barbarian who was coming against them. He tried, and he failed ; and that was the reason why it was that Zhengis succeeded in opposing the Salukian Turks, ;and why it was, on the other hand, that Timour, though he conquered in a most remark able way the Ottomans for a time, yet was unable finally to beat them. Because, in the first place, with the fierce barbarian Zhengis co-operated the princes of Christendom, but with respect to the Ottoman, they did not co-operate. But the Holy see was unsuccessful in the opposition.which it so steadily made to the:Turks ; yet, if perseverance had a claim on success, the Popes certainly deserved it ; for their conduct in this matter, through a long series of ages, was quite peculiar, quite unique in the history of the Church. This wonderful phenomenon, as he might call it—this per severance of the Holy See through such a length of time, and under such different circumstances, showed not only great consistency in policy, but extreme sagacity. That was a quality which even the enemies of the Catholic Church were not slow in allowing to the Popes—the power of seeing the value of things. Not setting their mind on trifles, but seeing the Feat point where the issue lay—that was the quality which more than any other was given to the See of Rome ; and in this ease, the event showed the soundness of their judgment, and the great reason for the opposition which they made to the great enemy of civilisation. If truth were opposed to the most barbarous ignorance—if tender ness were opposed to hardness of heart—if pride were op posed to humility, and depravity to virtue, then he should sayithat no other course should be taken by him, who was the great champion of religion, than to oppose the whole race of the Turks, be they what they might. He had described the Tartars, their utter fierceness, their recklessness, and their remorseless inhumanity ; but whatever was shocking and wicked in the Tartars, in the case of the Turks it was put upon system—it was methodised by law—it was sanc tified by religion, and it was propagated by the sword. Such they had been from the beginning to the end, and therefore there was cause sufficient that the Holy See should oppose them. He did not deny that the Turks had great qualities —he had in a previous lecture described them; but there was a passage in the holy prophecies, describing the enemy of truth coming against the chosen people, " a garden of pleasure before it, a desolate wilderness; neither is there any one that can escape it," which he might accommodate to the social, or political, or religious aspect of affairs which the Turks gave rise to. He could allude, if the allusion. might not be puzzling and dangerous, how their deeds had branded them in the natural judgment of all men, as the most flagitious and detestable of races. He might enlarge upon their savage cruelty, which had depopulated all coun tries with which they had come in contact. He might re mind his hearers how it was almost acknowledged as a canon in their political proceedings, by all writers who had treated of them and their histories, that on a Sultan coming to the throne, it was an almost invariable rule for him to put to death his brothers and his nearest of kin who were likely to be a rival to his power. He might tell how it was they surrounded themselves, and the great men after their fashion, with a multitude of slaves, who, torn from their homes, were the living monuments of the violation of the most sacred of human ties and christian precepts. He might tell that absolute despotism with the Sultans was not a name, but a power and a fact ; and how it was that he multiplied that despotism, by giving his representatives in every province the same power as himself. And he might tell them how all travellers related that that despotic power in the governors of his provinces was no name but a reality, so that they shed blood as water, and counted the life of a man as of equal importance as that of a reptile. He might allude to one circumstance, probably fresh in the recollections of members present, of the dreadful massacre in the Island of Scio—how it was that when the Greeks of that island rose in insurrection, the Turks swept its one end to the other, slaughtered the men and boys, and carried off into an infamous captivity the women and children; and how it was that when the corn was sown there were 100,000 men in the island, when it came to be reaped there were only 19,000 ! But he would pass these topics of their cruelty and persecution, and view them in a spirit which was more conformable with the words which he had quoted, and which would appeal more to the hearts, the understanding, and the judgment of all Christians of whatever sort. He would appeal to something which would quite justify the policy of the See of Rome in its contests with that unhappy race. The Ca tholic Church was at first a wanderer upon the earth. She had no settled.voting place; but no sooner was the hand of persecution taken off from her, and she occupied something like an interest in the soil, her first object, her first work was to look tenderly on it and its cultivators. He would not tell them, for they must be clear and fresh in their re collection, the stories they had in ecclesiastical history of the enfranchisement of the slaves and the amelioration of the condition of the serf by the Church. They would recol lect how the Benedictine monks, when the barbarians had laid waste the face of Italy, came forth and made the "de sert bloom as the garden," and the stream, as before, fer tilise the land. This had been the conduct of the Church in all times towards the earth—ever tender, ever loving, ever thoughtful of that great mother, on whose breast we feed in life, and in whose arms we repose in death. (Loud applause.) Not so, however, with the Turk. He troated her not with reverence, not with love, but as a paramour. He thought the earth not deserving of respect, and he desired to have no sacred tie to bind him to her. What title, then, had he to the earth, more than the pirate to the sea; over which he roamed in his vessel ? The Turk rode over the land in which he lived for a thousand years, ' trampling- it beneath his horse's hoofs, making it for them a course ; but what title did that give him to it ? Who had made it his by no sacred tie, by no holy power ? What title had the indolent Othman, smoking in his voluptuous palace, thinking of nothing save his plasures, and how to grind down the wretched acrriculturist, what right had he to be the successor of Alexander and the Ptolemies ? What right had he to be the possessor of such a land as Egypt, as Palestine, as Asia Minor, for which every one acquainted with ancient history felt a tenderness for its many noble reminiscences, that glorious land which was famed before history began, for its wealth and magnificence ? It was as pious in the early christian times as it was in the pagan. It was the country alluded to in the acts of the Apostles, the country to which St. Paul went. It was the country where St. John lived, and where the seven cities were to which he wrote his Epistles. It was the country to which St. Peter addressed his first Epistle. It had produced some of the greatest saints—St: Polycarp, St. Gregory, St. Basil, and other saints had come from it. For centuries it had a most brilliant history. It was a land said to abound with all the gifts of nature, in the precious metals, in iron, and in marbles, rich in pastures and lands fitted for tillage. Such is the laud in history and by nature in former times; and he would now read some passages from modern travellers to show what its present condition was,and the state to which it was reduced by the domination of the Turks. Dr. New man then read passages from several travellers, showing the state of ruin into which the cities and lands throughout the Turkish dominions had fallen. When ruin came upon a city they substituted no new buildings in the place of those which had fallen into decay. That desolation was no acci dent, for it so happened, that it followed immediately upon the first possession of the country by the Turks, and when the Turks were driven back by the crusaders it began to re cover. It then came into the possession of a Greak emperor, who was, what very rarely happened among the emperors of that day, an enlightened man, and who set about improve ing the country. He saw that the thing to be done was to turn attention to the material improvement of the face of the land, and he farmed a large portion of it himself, which he turned to the revenue of the state. He found parts of the land suited for pasture;and parts for tillage, and his breeds of horses and sheep became celebrated. A very curious fact was related of him, which ap peared almost incredible, that he was able to present his empress with a crown of diamonds and pearls, made out of the proceeds of the eggs of his poultry. He was successful in getting the nobles to follow his example, and instead of looking down upon the agricultural classes and oppressing them, they began to consider farming an honourable em ployment. Immediately, therefore, after the Turkish domi nation was removed the country began to improve. But no sooner had the Turks again llboome possessors of it than the signs of decay again began to manifest themselves, and con tinued increasing up to the present period of her history. Nor was that wretchedness peculiar to her dominions m Asia Minor, but wherever the sway of the Turk extended, there the same rain presented itself. Chateaubriand, when travelling through the Morea, about 40 years ago, stated that wherever he went he beheld the remains of villages, which had been destroyed by fire and sword—whole districts deserted, and often 15 leagues of country without a habita tion. The great island of Crete, which, before the Chris tian era, was said to have had a hundred cities, many of which were densely populated, now contained only obscure villages. The people there formerly exported corn, and now they had to import it. Cyprus, which was capablo of holding a million of inhabitants, and did hold them at one time, the climate of which was said to be a perpetual spring, now held.only 30,000 people. Now cross over to the CO2- tinent of Asia. There it was said that even the Tullis themselves were dying out. Places which a century past numbered 400,000 souls, were now stated to have dwindle?. to 50,000. Moussoul had lost half its inhabitants. Bogdan -had fallen from 120,000 to 20,000, and Balsora from 100,000 to 8,000. In Egypt there was the same decay. In Alison's work upon population, it was stated that in the 15th cen tury Egypt, after all her revolutions, was comparatively rich and populous, but since the era of the Turkish conquest the tyranny of the Pachas had put a stop to industry, commerce, and the arts. Then go into Africa—look at Barbary, and there it would be also seen that wherever the Turks had srpead their reign there was desolation. - What had these wanderers of the desert, far as they were from the very type in which they were constructed, what had they to do with those rich countries which iu the days of the Romans were so celebrated ? Robertson, the historian, stated that the fertile granary which sustained the Roman empire in corn, lay now almost entirely uncultivated, and that the province which an ancient writer called the beauty of the earth was now the retreat of pirates and banditti. Cross over again into. Europe and the feature was the same. Those provinces of which the Russians had now taken poesession, and which were at present the subject of so much interest had popu lations which were daily diminishing, while only the most insignificant portions of the land was tilled. The whole population of the empire did not exceed a fifth part of what it had been in ancient times. Here the lecturer said he was tempted to exclaim how different was that country from that in which was planted the chair of state, (Loud applause). He should be ashamed to compare Italy with Asia Minor, the dominion of the Turk with that of the Chrsstian prince, except that so much had been said of late in disparagement of the government of Italy. Upon that subject he should State merely facts. He did not mean to say that there had been perfection in agriculture, science, or art introduced into Italy, but he would apply himself to the great and broad fact which served as a guage and a test of the state of that country, He naa notning to do with degrading any particu lar kind. of Government, but he would take as a result the cultivation of Italy at the present day, and place it side by side with the condition of the Turkish dominions. The reverend lecturer then quoted from .Alison's History of Europe several extracts to show how advanced was the position of agricultural cultivation in Italy, and how the numbers of the rural population were increasing, and their comforts improving. Alison was not a writer, who had any especial leaning towards the papal government, but rather contrary. Thus the beautiful country of Asia Minor was laid waste by barbarians, and had it been possible that Italy had fallen into their hands, she would have shared the same fate. The reverend lecturer then proceeded to detail the history of the Ottoman Turks, from the fall of the Seljukian race, under the Sultan Solyinan, who was mentioned in Tasso's " Jerusalem delivered," and the sudden rise of Othman, the founder of the race, at first a soldier of fortune in the pay of the last Seljukian monarch. The success of the great Ottoman race went on most brilliantly for about 270 years, up to the middle of the sixteenth century after which it declined for nearly an equal period, up to the present day, when Turkish power seemed to be going out, expiring. It was a marvellous and memorable course of building, 270 years of greatness, and 270 years of decline. During the course of their prosperity, they were governed by ten sovereigns, who were all in these generations, grea t men; it was difficult to say which of them was the greatest according to the standard of human greatness. Their reigns were of remarkable length, the average of each being twenty-six years, which in a line of military monarchs, was very great. For the 279 years which followed, there were twenty-one sovereigns, whose reigns were only upon an average, half the length, which was in itself a remarkable sign of their decline. Of these twenty-one sovereigns, five had been strangled, three deposed, three died of excess, and of the remaining ten, only four had attained the usual age of man, and the present sultan was described by a traveller as the most sickly, pale, inanimate, and unmanly youth. Many of the sovereigns had the same names. There were four Mahomets, four Mustaphas, four Amuraths, three Selines, three Achmets, three Othmans, two Mahmouds, two Soleymans, and two, Bajazets. It might be asked what was Europe doing, while the Turks were gaining so great a power and dominion ? What was the Holy See about ? The cause was to be found partly in the hostility with which the Greek empsre, whose seat was then at Constantinople, re garded the rest of Europe, and particularly the Roman States, having ever declared a preference for the turban to the tiara, and having acted with the greatest treachery to wards the Crusaders, some of whom they actually betrayed into the power of the Turks. That was also the time when the attention of the Holy . See was diverted by the heresy which then began to arise in Europe, and which ended in Protestantism. Wicliffe had arisen, who was followed by Huss, and he again by Luther. New powers also began to rise in Europe ; to feel their own strength,:and use it against their neighbours, so that Europe was filled with intestine divisions. It was also a time when corruption was stealing into the most sacred places. The clergy and bishops had amassed riches, and as for the Popes, he could only say, that it did not please God to raise up such a man as St. Leo, or St. Gregory. There was just one moment when a great act might have attempted to repel the increase of Turkish power, and with perfect success. That was when the great conqueror, Tamerlane, rushed with that wonderful impetuosity, which none but a Tartar could display. from the frontiers of China, across Asia, to attack the celebrated Turkish sovereign Bajazet, then be sieging Constantinople, swept upon him, destroyed his army, and took Bajazet prisoner. That was a favourable time for Christianity, but it was not availed of, and the power of the Turks continued to increase until the year 1568. In that year, by a wonderful coincidence, the first of the Turkish monarchs with whom the decline commenced ascended the throne of Constantinople, and the great St. Pius the Fifth ascended the throne of the Holy See. (Great applause.) At that very time St. Philip of Neri had laboured twenty years in Rome. The great St. Ignatius was there also, and many illustrious saints throughout the country, like as many planets around the centre of light. In the conclave of cardinals there were two saints. The reverend lecturer then described the circumstances attending the election of St. Pius the Fifth, at first an hum ble Dominican friar, to the Papal throne, his great virtues, his austere life, and his urbane manners. The lecturer then briefly summed up the steps which that Pope took to or ganise.the body of allies who encountered the Turksh fleet in the Gulf of Lepanto, and gave that defeat to them which led to the decline of Turkish dominiOn in the world, and formed a turning-point in the downfall of the Turkish em pire. The reverend lecturer then concluded, having spoken for about three hours, amid the most enthusiastic and pro longed applause. My. YATES proposed a vote of thanks to Dr. Newman, and in doing so, alluded to the late trial in which he was engaged, as having called forth proof how warmly the English people felt in• gratitude towards him. The speaker then informed the meeting that Dr. Newman was about to leave this country on the following day, having been appointed, by those in authority, President of the Ca tholic University about to be established in Ireland. (Loud applause.) He should not leave England without taking along with him their cordial sympathies and wishes--their ardent hopes and firm expectations, that the institution over which he was to preside would realise all that was expected of it. (Great cheering.) He felt satisfied that that institu tion would grow, under Dr. Newman's care, with a giant's strength, and fulfil all the ends for which it was required, and that Dr. Newman would, in an especial manner, be the medium of a cordial union between England and Ireland. (Renewed applause.) The motion was carried amid the most enthusiastic accla mations. Dr. NEWMAN returned thanks in a few words, declaring that the feeling which heexperienced, that he took with him the hearts and the. sympathies of his audience, would give him additional strength in the performance of the duties which he had undertaken in connection with the new Ca tholic Institution in Ireland. The proceeeings then terminated. SERIOUS .RIOT AT BLACKBURN. The Town of Blackburn on Tuesday was disgraced by a riot which furnishes another instance of the incapacity of the borough for self-government. The occasion of the riot was the election of councillors for St. Peter's ward ; but it was evidently pre-organised, as during the night before, gangs of men paraded the streets and disturbed the inhabi tants. At ten o'clock great confusion prevailed, and the banks a,nd many . shops were closed. From that time till four p.m. the principal thoroughfare, King-street, was in the handeof the two contending mobs, who, with stones and iron-bound bludgeons, strove for the mastery. The whole of Mr. Hornby's windows were smashed in, stones being procured in abundance from some paving operations going on at this time. Alderman Hoole and Dugdale are sufferers, and the wounds inflicted must be of a serious character. The authorities were conscious of their inability to cope with the insurgents, and no effort was made the whole day to put doNin the riot. This circumstance caused the most cruel apprehensions to many respectable families. The magistrates met in the evening, and engaged a posse of special constables, and a special train in communication with the military at Burnley. The mobs Were headed and led on by respectably dressed men, apparently the overlookers at the mills. It is to be deplored that many of the mills were closed. The inhabitants of the borough have been compelled to conclude that the franchise it possesses is Only a source of bitter animosity, and of risk to life and pro perty. At nine o'clock. the polling booth, (a room in the hotel, King-street) was in the possession of Tories, and they kept it more or less till the early part of the afternoon. Whilst they thus guarded the door of the booth, personation of voters was attempted in favour of Messrs. J. C. Forrest and Hibbert (cotton manufacturers). The third person who tendered his vote was given into custody for personation, and in the course of the morning we are Wormed that one or two more were sent up to keep him company. By noon the whole of the factories were 1. loosed,' and then ensued a series of skirmishes, in which we regret to say that several persons were seriously injured, and scores much ' pinched.' At six o'clock in the evening, the lives of two men were despaired of. Another man named Thomas Proctor, of Mile End, was conveyed home in a cart, having had his head much cut. He appeared very weak from loss of blood. Mr. Leech, surgeon, who lives opposite the hotel, was engaged for several hours during. the middle of the day in dressing the wounds of the injured. The windows of Mr. W. H. Hornby (the head of the Tory party) were smashed, as were also those of Mr. W. Hoole (a Libe ral ma g istrate ), and those of Mr. Isaac Lloyd, editor of the B'ackburn Standard. Throughout the day a fearful riot was anticipated, and, in order to be prepared for it, there was scarcely a shop in any of the principal streets that was not closed. Many of :he inhabitants blame the authorities for not having sent for the military at . an early hour in the morning, when every sign of a great disturbance was plainly exhibited. THE PRESTON STRIKE Messrs. Birley, Brothers, have addressed the following letter o the Times : " Sir,—Our attention having been directed to an exceed ingly well-written article in your paper of the 26th ult., upon the subject of the present unfortunate differences between the operatives of Preston and their employers, in which you appear to be under the impression that little or no advance has been paid, we beg to lay before you a single statement of the facts of our case, as the turn-out of our weavers has frequently been alluded to as one of the chief causes of the present almost total stoppage of the cotton-mills in Preston and the neighbourhood. "We are further induced to take this step in order to rectify many gross misrepresentations and falsehoods which for some weeks past have been industriously circulated by a body of unprincipled persons, who are actively engaged in in. citing a spirit of insubordination and discontent among the operatives of a town which has hitherto ranked second to none of the manufacturing towns of Lancashire, in a proper and good feeling between the employers and employgel, - ‘‘ 1 7.t0 weekly wages amount to upwards of £450 " The rate of wages we have for a length of time past been plying our weavers, for two descriptions of cloth, comprising almost the whole of our production, has been 7d. and 8d per pice. Upon an application for an advance, we increased the race to lad. and 81(1. for the two sorts respectively. At the old rate of Wages the weekly amount we £ s. d. were paying for 750 looms was 179 11 . 8 To ;his add 10 per cent. demanded by the weavers 17 19 2 £197 10 10 The tmount paid for the week ending August 25th, was £196 3s. lid., being only £1 6s. 11d, per week for 750 looms, or about three farthings per weaver per week, short of the entire 10 pet cent, demanded. Upon reeeiving their wages, the weaver, without giving us any notice whatever, left their work, and, although for three subsequent weeks our doors were open to receive them at the above advance, they made no ap plication, nor did they evince any intention of returning to their employment. We may add, that the above advance was in proport on to that paid by most of the extensive establish ments in de town, and we were informed that the object of our weavers in leaving their work was for the purpose of com pelling us to give a more advanced rate of wages than was generally offered, and then to proceed and attack the other mills separate , y, until they had compelled each and all to agree to a rate of wages of their own fixing, "At a general meeting of the - Masters' Association, our case, along vies others, was taken into consideration, and it was unanimously agreed, that . the demands of the work people had beccmo so dictatorial and unjust, that it was impossible to sulmit to them any longer, and the only alter native left was to dose the mills until the operatives then on strike were prepared to resume their work, and a better under standing was established between the employers and employed. We feel certain that if our workpeople had been left to use their own discretion, and not allowed themselves to be misled by persons who, unconnected with them, hare undertaken the responsibility of guidit g their actions, the present unfortunate position of affairs would have been avoided, and the good feeling previously existing between ourselves and our work people remained undisturbed. " We are, your most obedient servants, "BIRLEY BROTHERS. " Hanover-street Mills, Preston, Nov. 1. NEW QUEEN'S COUNSEL.—On Wednesday last baing the first day of Michaelmas term, the newly appointed Counsel was called within the bar, and took their seats. Amongst them were Mr. Edward James, Assessor of the Liverpool Court of Passage ; Mr. Temple, Mr. -Grove, and Mr. Montague Smith. Among the towns in England and Scotland that sufered most from cholera in 1848-9, may be mentioned the following :—Edinburgh, where the deaths were 448 ; Glasgow, about 1,200 in a population of 280,000; Carnhoe Ironworks, near Glasgow, 71 in 1,200, or 1 in 17 ; Dum fries and Maxwelltown, nearly 300 in 10,000 ; Hamilton, 123 in 9,000; Paisley, Inverness, Dundee, Sunderland, Liverpool (1,950 deaths); Manchester township, 828; Hull, 1,345; Wolverhampton, Leeds, Sheffield, Bristol, (445). Gloucester, Plymouth, Cardiff, Merthyr Tydfil, and Dowlais. LIVERPOOL ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY.—The third meeting of this body for the session—the sixth—took place on Wednesday night. Mr. Verelst occupied the chair, and was attended by the hon. sec., Mr. 80u1t. 4 41A ballot was imme. diately entered upon for the election of new members and new associates. Mr. J. B. Hughes, of Mill-street, proposed by Mr. Boult, and Mr. Chartrell ; Mr. Robert Dempster, pro posed by Xr. Stay, and Mr. Duncan, as associate members; and Mr. Janes Norman Crofts, of Fraser-street, proposed by Mr. Goodall and Mr. Huggins, as a student member. These several electims having been concluded, at eight o'clock the public proceenings of the society commenced, and we were somewhat anxious to ascertain if Mr. Huggin's very interesting taper on the columbian architecture of antiquity, and the psones of Venice, should be resumed, when a paper was intro duced upon the application of photography to architectural delineation, which elicited the admiration of the assembly, for the ability and intelligence displayed by the essayist, in pro pounding his views and opinions on the subject. PRESENCE OF MlND.—Another instance of pres ence of mind and coolness in danger, was recently given in the Bois do Boulonge. A boy about eight years of age, son of a rich foreigner, residing in Paris, was sitting en the box with the coachman, when the person inside got out to walk. The coachman then getting down, gave the boy the reins to hold. By some chance the reins slipped from his hands, and the horses, feeling themselves at liberty, dashed off at a great pace. They" Continued their course for upwards of a league, the boy clinging on with all his strength the whole time. At last, the horses approached the bridge of Sevres, a working man threw himself hefore them, and succeeded in stopping them. The boy then quietly got off the box, and, addressing the man who was holding the panting horses, said—" I have to thank you for your kindness, and I am certain my father will be happy to recompense you." It is unnecessary to say that this took place, the parents of the boy having been in dreadful agony about hitn.---.French Paper. CHOLERA has appeared in Edrom, Berwickshire, at Carnwath, Lanarkshire, and at Duddingstone, near Edin burgh, . THE PENINSULAR MAILS, In our impression of yesterday we announced, by telegraph, the arrival of the Peninsular Steam Na vigation Company's ship Tagus at Southampton. The Tagus experienced strong southerly winds, with heavy sea, in the Bay of Biscay, and brings twenty two passengers, and on freight five packages specie, value £5,000, 119 chest oranges, 150 boxes raisins, 30 cases succades, 10 barrels grapes, 52 boxes pome granates, 42 bales goat's wool, 99 packages tomatoes, 38 barrels gum, 31 barrels tallow, 159 boxes eggs, and 23 packages sundry merchandise. The steamer brings Lisbon news of the 29th ult. Her Majesty's steam frigate Odin was the only foreign vessel of war in port. The Oldenburg emi grant ship Govelan, B. A, Miller, out 14 days from Bremen, for New Orleans, with 338 passengers, put into Lisbon on the 22nd, partially dismasted. She had been kept in quarantine, and the Lisbon Board of Health had decided she should so remain until repaired. It had also declared Liverpool an in fected port from the sth of October, and com pelled the Rattler steamer to discharge into the Lazaretto. Bills on London had been scarce upon the Lisbon exchange, and money remained over at 54 for three months; Continental paper was also scarce, at 5. 53, on Paris ; Amsterdam, 421; Hamburgh, 48k ; Ge noa, 53.1. The New Three Per Cent. Stock comes quoted at 394 to 404; and the Bank of Portugal shares at 155 to 150 milreis discount per share, with little doing, and subject to the discount of 24 per cent. upon Lisbon bank notes. Oporto Bank shares 5 to 6 per cent. premium in metal. _ A letter from dated the 20th ult, says— " The Minister of Finance, M. Fontes, has not yet re turned from Oporto, althoUgh hourly expected. The elec• tion of 20 new deputies, to make up vacancies, is to take place to-morrow, but the circumstance excites little attention since the Government list, including the more moderate Pro gresistas, is sure to prevail. " The Queen is going on very well, but the Royal child has not been born whose supposed advent gave rise to the salute at the castle mentioned in a previous letter. " Oranges are backward here this season, and the packers are now only going out for the first gatherings, which go to England months before a Portuguese will touch them at his table. " The Portuguese vessels of war, and the Odin, are gaily decked out in honor of the King, Don Fernandes', birth day. His Majesty is deservedly esteemed by the great bulk of Portuguese, and the Royal Palace here is doubtless the centre of more domestic happiness than is usually allowed to Royalty." SOUTH AMERICA The advices brought by the Royal Mail steam ship Magdalena states, that Miss Catherine Hayes gave her parting concert at Valparaiso on the 12th September. At Santiago she gave several concerts, which netted her 10,000 dols. A fire occurred at Valparaiso on the Ist of September, which de stroyed 12 houses, and property to the value of 200,000 dols. Two fires have taken place in the province of Copiapo,--one at the mines of Trespuntas, which destroyed one-third of the small town which has so rapidly sprung into existence in that remark ably rich mining district. In an article upon the railways of Chili, the Valparaiso Herald gives a statement of the busi ness done on the Copiapo line, and says : " The actual receipts for the first six months of the present year have amounted to $167,676; without counting upon any increase the receipts for the whole year will reach the sum of $335,000. Although the running expenses are larger in this country than in others, yet considering the higher tariff of charges, it is probable that one-third of the gross receipts will be ample to cover the expenses after the present year, which could have a net profit of $223,000, or about 12 per cent, upon the capital, $1,875,000,. But the receipts of this road are not to be limited to those of the second year of its operation, and the stockholders may confidently look forward to still greater returns upon their investment." The Valparaiso Echo gives the subjoined naval news : Don Domingo Elias, recently imprisoned by the Peruvian Goverrunent, had made his escape from Callao to Ecuador, where it was said he was likely to take part with Flores in raising another revolution. Dates to the 2nd of August, from Melbourne, had been received at Panama, via Callao, having been taken up to the former port by the sailing ship Volga. A second remittance of Australian gold to the value of 45,000 dollars, intended for by Adams and Co.'s express. Melbourne papers sold in Panama at 50 cents (about 25.) each. Bolivia presented a melancholy spectacle. Belzu, abandoned by all the respectable portion of the inhabitants, had thrown himself into the arms of the Indians, remitting to them half their tribute and arming them with kniveS, in order to enable them to coerce the white people whenever they attempted to rise against him. Front Panama we learn of an accident on the Panama Railway, which occurred from an ox ly ing across thu track, which threw the tender off the rails, and, before the engine could be stopped, it was forced over a bridge into a ravine of some 30 feet in depth, the baggage van and two passen ger cars being carried over with the engine. One Of the firemen was killed and the engineer dan gerously wounded. A few of the passengers were injured, and one died from the effect of his wounds. MERCANTILE INTELLIGENCE. • VALPAILUSO, Sep. 14 Bread.---No sales of importance. Coals.—No arrivals Copper.—No transactions of importance, and little in market ; small quantities have been taken at quotations equal to about 18 dollars on shore. Flour.—Since the heavy sales quoted in our last, little has been done ; probably not more than 400 sacks have changed hands, and this merely to complete shipments. There is literally none in first bands. All that is known of to arrive, is taken up at $8 50c. per sack. The news brought by the steamer, of the rise in California to $l9, has stimulated inquiry since, but nothing has been de termined as yet, nor can be, until supplies are received. A very large quantity will be brought in between this and the next harvest; the knowledge of this fact, together with the generally prevalent belief here that the rise in St. Francisco is not founded upon demand, warrants the opinion that the market will not be much, if at all, affected by this news. No American flour in the market. Freights continue high, with no prospect of a decline ; the certainty that .many more charters will be closed before the departure of the mail renders a list of dispo sable tonnage impracticable for this number, as it would certainly conflict with private advices. Exchange.—On London, 60 days, 451 to 46d. per Chili dollar; on Paris, 90 days, 5.05 f.; on Hambnrg, 404 to 415.; on the United States, at par ; gold, 15c. to 17c. above ley; silver bars pure, 10.121 per mare. THE FAST MEN OF EDINBURGH.—Lord Palmerston— through his secretary—has administered a very wholesome rebuke to certain of the Presbytery of Edinburgh yearning, hungering for a fast, to stay the scourge of the Cholera. His lordship suggests instead of fasting, washing. Eat your daily bread, says his lordship, only take plenty of soap with it. Attend to your own dinner-table, as usual, only see that these places— " Which are inhabited by the poorer classes, and which, from the nature of things, must most need purification and improvement, may be freed from those causes and sources of contagion which, if allowed to remain, will infallibly' breed pestilence, and be fruitful in death, in spite of all the prayers and fastings of a united but inactive nation. When man has done his utmost for his own safety, then is the time to invoke the blessing of Heaven to give effect to his exertions." Surely, this is very true. Prayers, however earnest, will not sweeten a common sewer. Folks who fast for a long day will hardly do as much to remove the causes of Cholera, as even folks with brooms. An empty belly is scarcely so effi cacious for the removal of disease as a clean Wynd. White washed walls are surely quite as good, if not better, than lank jaws, pale with mortification. All Edinburgh wants a sweet clean shirt, next a clean skin—not a shirt of peniten tial bristles, clothing (with hairy piety) a dirty hide. First do your best—sayi Palmerston—and then ask a blessing on it. For the days of miracles are over. The deadly reek of sewers is not to be turned into airs from Heaven, though the most pious Malachi Malagrowther shall, for a long day and night, go without his porridge for it ! When you have worked, then it is good to ask a blessing on the labour. But hands first—and then knees.—Punch. THE DYE OF GIIILT.—The Kentucky Legislature have resoved--•" That the keeper of the Penitentiary shall procure a suitable chemical dye, such as will stain the skin perfectly black, so that it cannot be removed, until time shall wear it away, and nature furnish a new cuticle or surface," When the dye is obtained, the nose of each male convict is to be painted thoroughly black; the paint to be renewed until about to be restored to the world, when the convict shall be restored to society with a clean nose. We hardly perceive the moral and social use of this nose-dyeing ; it may also be difficult to obtain the dye of sufficient blackness. In which case Punch advises Kentucky to apply to Mrs. STOWE for the use of her ink-bottle : for that lady has dyed not only the noses, but the whole faces of the LEFREES with such well merited blackness, that nature must find them not only new skins, but new hearts, ere they can show even tolerably white sgain.—.Ptatch, LADY FRANKLIN'S EXPLORING EXPEDITION. By the Royal Mail steam ,ship Magd a l ena , we h ave rece i ve d accounts from Valparaiso, announcing the arrival there of the by way of screw schooner Isabel, se the Straits of Magellan, on an exploring expedition in search of Sir John Franklin. We are sorry to learn that a disagree ment amongst the officers had led to an abandonment of the whole expedition. The details are given in extructs from the Valparaiso Herald of the 14th of September, of which the following is one : out many months sin Upon her arrival, in consquence of a disagreement between Mr. Kennedy and Mr. Robert Grate, sailing master, the latter left the vessel. Then difficulties arose with the crew, who refused to proceed further in the vessel. An ap peal was made by Mr. Kennedy to Mr. M‘Kay, R.N., of Her Majesty!s ship Nereus, the result of which widened the breach instead of producing any good effect—not from any thing done by Mr. M•Kay, who acted throughout the affair in the most gentlemanly mnaner, but from Mr Kennedy having called on a naval officer while there -vas a Consul in The men were taken on shore to the Consul on August the 27th, and he said that it was a very un pleasant thing for him to interfere between the parties, em barked as they were upon such a glorious service as the rescue of their fellow countrymen from death. He advised them to go on board and reconsider the subject, and trusted that they would then see the true state of affairs, and that any unpleasantness that had occurred should be forgotten, and that the motto of all embarked on such an expedition, should be mutually to bear and forbear. He then told the men they were to appear before him again on Monday, at 2 p.m. ; but Mr. Kennedy went on shore on Thursday morning, and, by application to the captain of the port got the men sent to prison, so that the affair was now fairly out of the hands of the Consul. A new crew was now partly engaged, and the repairs of the vessel proceeded with; but new difficulties now arose, which finally ended in the engineer leaving the vessel. Mr. Ken- the port Saturday nedy now seeing that his path became more and more rugged, determined not to proceed any further ; so that for the present, the expedition is abandoned, which, on the whole, is fortunate for Lady Franklin, as, from the advanced period of the season, it would have been impossible to reach the ice this season in time to render any service; so that the saving of wages and provisions will be a considerable item between this and next March, when it is to be hoped that the vessel will be dispatched to aid in the good work before her. It is an unfortunate affair altogether; but let us trust that good may result from it." " We have been favoured with the perusal of the journal of Mr. Richard Eardin, engineer to the Isabel, kept during the passage from London to Valparaiso. Speaking of the pas sage through the Straits be says, when near Port Famine, July 1853 : "On the whole, upon looking over our day's work, it is a truly surprising one, and I doubt, if we were to make 20 voyages to the Pacific via the Straits of Magellan, whether we should ever do the like again. Very few vessels, I am positive, ever did more in a day in their progress through the Straits, as far as we -have come, that part of our outward voyage that was most dreaded has proved the most fortunate ; it shows that we ars but poor creatures, mostly creating our own difficulties. Our men have been continually croaking upon the dangers to be apprehended from the attacks of the natives, who were all set down as the most murderous set of villains that disgraced humanity, so numerous that you were beset with them every mile of your progress ; nothing could take it out of their heads that such was not the case ; and natives were supposed to abound in innumerable crowds. We have seen a few of the former, but of t'-e latter, not one guanacos "'22nd.—About 12 30 this morning we felt the first " williewaw" (this word was unfortunately overlooked by Webster). We were running along with a fresh breeze, when in an instant we where in the midst of a hurricane ; it came on to blow furiously from the Patagonian hills, and I can well believe what Captain Fitzroy says of their violenee. The Isabel is a very stiff vessel, but this and the succeeding ones were too much for her ; she succumbed to them for a moment, and then righted. They only lasted for a few moments at a time, and were succeeded by an almost perfect calm, as if the ♦iolence of tha effort had left Monsieur Boreas breathless, of attacked with a sudden fit of asthma.' " On the same morning, he says,— "' I saw the remains of the penal settlement that the Chilian Government established here, and which was broken up in such a tragical manner by the rising of the prisoners and part of the garrison ; after which they seized an English bark—l believe the Eliza Cornish, of Plymouth—and another vessel, and, there is every reason to believe, murderetk the crew.' " Shortly after passing this settlement the Isabel anchored, and the commander with a party, including our journalist, went ashore. His description of the place is valuable, as being the latest visitor whose observations have been offerred to the public, and his reflections and reasoning upon the premises will also be found interesting. " Upon landing we found wells dug, for the convenience of vessels seeking water, close to the beach, which was covered with trunks of trees, some of them two feet in • diameter. We found the snow in some places two feet deep. Upon gaining the summit of St. Anne Point we directed our course to the settlement. Part of it had been destroyed by fire. There were two fieldpieces, one dis- feet in thickness ; it was almost levelled. We found the tew iron of a forge there. There wore four houses built of brick and lined with pencil cedar on the south of the battery, but they were constructed in the rudest manner, an adze only having been used to smooth the wood. There had evidently been very little regard piad to cleanliness or comfort. To the north of the settlement was the grave yard, a square enclosed space of about 60 feet, upon enter. ing which the first object which atracted our attention was a cenotaph in the centre of the yard, upon which was the following inscription :•••‘ Sacred to the memory of Captain Pringle Stokes, Royal Navy, who died at Port Famine, while in command of her Majesty's ship Beadle, Ist of August, 1828. His body was buried on the opposite side of the bay. This board was put up by her Majesty's ship ilavanttah, 21st September, 1851.' It was a singular thing to come upon such a record in such a place, surrounded as it was by the graves of such a set of fellows ; no one can question the feelings that prompted its erection. Would it not have been better to have placed it over his-head, if it had been re quired? Some people would cavail at the idea of recording the death of a suicide in any manner ; in Scotland it would not be allowed ; but surely if ever any one deserved such a remem brance, it was poor Captain Stokes, whose mind had become unhinged by his performance of one of the hardest duties ever intrusted to man—the survey of a portion of the Straits in the winter time; and also by his great devotion to the cause of sci ence and Sumanity. His death added another to the long array of the martyrs of science. Peace be to thee ! and let us trust that the Recording Angel, when he entered that deed performed by thee while in a state of insanity, blotted out all previous record of thy faults and frailties. There was only one other headstone in the yard, and the inscription upon it was in Spanish. There had been an enclosure for cattle, apparently, but not the east attempt at the formation of a gai den, or place for agricul ural improvement. I suspect that it was the fact of not keeping he prisoners usefully empioyed that led to the events which preceded the breaking up of the colony. The morality must have been very great among the parties there resident, as the yard was entirely filled with graves, each surmounted by a wooden cross. Some of them had been buried like the Indians, as there were three of the bodies above ground, the thigh bones of one of them protruding. I think there is no doubt that great rigour had been used with them, as I do not think common causes would have produced so great a mor tality. "There are some roots of large trees on the south front of Mount Felipe, some as much as four feet in diameter three feet from the roots, and it appears to have been thickly wooded at one time " Upon going into the Governor's residence, we found records of several visitors who had left their cards on the walls, stating name of vessels, date of visit, &c. The last one was as follows Thomas Kandrick, Hudson's Bay Company steam bark Otter, May 9, 1853—bound to Vanconver's Island -20 of crew, six passengers.' Another was ' George Brown, Ellsworth, Maine, United States. A schooner, Victory, 50 tons, bound to California—all well, 13 in all, seven pas- sengers "Finding there was not • much of interest to occupy our attention, and having proved that there were no Chilians remaining, we came on board " Saturday, 231 d.—As the men had been very hard worked since we entered the Straits, I proposed to Mr. Kennedy that I should keep watch at night, to allow them one night of uninterrupted rest. Accordingly I had the middle watch, and as I wanted to find out the rise and fall of the tide, I every hour put over the hand lead and marked the depth of water at the water's edge, and to secure greater accuracy, I marked a place on the ship's gunwale, and marked the line there also. The following was the result obtained :—The tide turned at 1.30 a.m. At 1.30 the rise was 14 inches ; from 2.30 to 3.30 the rise was 151 inches; from 3.30 to 4.30 it was 17 inches ; from 4.30 to 5.30 it was 12 inches ; giving . a mean per hour for four hours of rather more than 14.1 inches." IMPORTATION OF GOATS INTO WAL ES .—Singular as it may appear, yet i t is perfectly true, that large flocks of Goats have recently been imported into Wales from the Highlands of Scotland. This step has been rendered ne cessary by the almost total extinction, in many parts of the principality, of one of th e or i g i na l i n h a bit an t s o f th e coun try. This scarcity of the goat has arisen from the extensive enclosure of barren and waste lands for the purpose of agri culture, and the numb er o f pl an tations made of late years ; these,joined with the fact that the tenants have been dis puraged from keeping up the breed, have materially operated in rendering scarce this hardy animal. The importations have been with a twofold object; but the principal one is that the milk of the goat is very nutritious and large in quantity, and, as the animal can easily be kept upon herbs and garden refuse, it falls within the power of any poor cottager to keep a goat, which, in return, would afford a full supply of milk at comparatively no expense. In the neighbourhood of the iron works flocks of these animals would prove of great utility and economy. AN APOLOGY.—One of our weekly exchanges gives the following naive excuse for lac k of editorial matter. " The editor is still absent, and the pro tern. has run " out of soap," in the way of editorials. The recent change in the weather has served to cool us down, and we don't feel like " splurging " this week l"—Mobile Advertiser. Ls de`' toe) fv, 90P ..,p; • OP