The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-11-29 00:00:00

"k \\•. . . - * Riberpool (btanbarb, TUESDAY . I fORNING, NOV. 29, 1853. oRUNKENNESS AND ALARMED at the sad array Of facts which have, we bad almost said ruthlessly, been collected and treasured up against us as a nation, it has become a fashion, and a bad one, torepresen t British societ eas the strongholdof drunkenness, to describe our cities and towns as the peculiar ; temples in which the worship of Bacchus is maintained with all its most frightful orgies, and where his votaries and victims are more willing and more numerous, relatively as well as absolutely, than in any other country or among any other People. Such statements are unquestionably fallacious. The vice of drunkenness is unfortunately too prevalent, much too prevalent, among us; but in this, as in other cases, it is quite possible to overdraw the picture, and, like many others, the scene has been painted in colours more dingy and repulsive than the hie:cis - est tints of the reality would warrant. The truth of this assertion, we make not the least doubt, will be readily apparent on comparison ; and what must inevitably force itself on every observer, in such a town as Liverpool, confirms it. If foreigners are the comparatively abstemious men they are represented to be, by those who so vehemently stigmatize the British, how comes it that foreigners of ee - ery land and clime are 80 easily induced to worship at the shrine of Bacchus on their arrival in our port ? But, to come nearer the point, let us take an example. The Norwegians are generally represented as a simple and virtuous people, and such we readily believe they are; while admitting their virtue and simplicity, however, we hesitate to promulgate a wholesale condemnation of our own countrymen. Instead of doing so, let us take London and Christiana, the capitals of the two countries, and by a comparison between them endea vour to effect a means of judgment. From well-authenti cated returns, it appears that in London every three hundred-and-sixtieth man is, in the course of the twelve months, arrested on a charge of drunkenness, while in Christiana, during the same period, every twenty-seventh man is arrested on the same grounds ! This astounding result of comparison we sorrowfully admit is no just ground of triumph; and though we could repeat it in every pos sible case of comparison, it would, after all, form only a negative ground for congratulation. Drunkenness exists as a fearful evil in the British Isles, and every well-wisher of humanity must desire its abatement. Probably no social affliction produces an amount of present and prospective misery equal to that which is directly and indirectly traceable to intemperance. Leek at the records of crime, as these are unfolded in all their loathsome atrocity, and we shall there see that their most prolific source is to be found in intoxication. Inquire into the history of family suffering, and domestic misery, and individual degradation ; and, ten to one, but these are found immediately to arise out of drunkenness, or may be readily traceable to it as a primary, though it may be remote, cause. Investigate carefully into that course of physical and mental degeneracy which seemes at first sight to threaten, at no distant day, the conversion of a large portion of the lower orders of society into a race of brutalized and ferocious savages, destitute of reflection, and displaying few of those attributes which distinguish man from the inferior animals; and, in the majority of instances, the origin and progress of the.l malady will be found rooted in, and consequent on, drunken debauchery. If any one is disposed to question the pro-. priety of such au inference, let him examine the initiatory stages of crime, as these are unfolded before the magis trates and judges of our inferior and police courts. He will there find every variety of the social pestilence dis played before him, from the maudlin stupidity of him whose senses have been so steeped in oblivion that he knows not how or whence he came, to him, who, in the mad excitement of inebriate frenzy, has plunged the murderous weapon into the bosom, it may be, of his best friend, or of some one entirely unknown to him, and towards whom he cherished no feeling of either love or enmity ;—from the degraded female, forgetful at once of virtue and of self-respect, to the horrid destroyer of home's sacred harmony, the despoiler of her husband's household, the vile assassin of her children's happiness ; from the lisping victim of parental drunkenness, to the hardened, though still youthful, malefactor. From such and so sad a display of the demoralizing effects of intemperance, he Will become acquainted with many of the channels by which the social health is wounded, and through which the general well-being is threatened with destruction ; but in even these numerous and appalling instances, he will be unable fully to understand or realise the amount of social degradation arising from intemperance. With so alarming a source of evil—so readily traceable a cause of misery before him—is it surprising that the philanthropist is roused to the suggestion of many erro neous antidotes ? The magnitude of the evil to be over come—the multiplicity of forms in which it shows itself— must plead powerfully in mitigation of even mistaken nostrums for its cure; but, while admitting this in its fullest sense, we cannot acquiesce hi every scheme pro posed even for the eradication of drunkenness. To attempt the cure of the worst malady, by even worse remedies, is quite a possible thing. One of these, dangerous and inju dicious, is being attempted at present by an association dating from Manchester as its headquarters, with an im portant ramification in Glasgow—its object a legislative prohibition of the sale of any and all intoxicating liquors— in other words, the introduction into this country of what is known among our transatlantic brethren as the " Maine Liquor Law." To the introduction of such a law there are many and serious objections, not the least of which is the difficulty, not to say impossibility, of having it fully acted on ; besides which, we are entirely ignorant of the efficacy of its operation, where, by some enthusiasts, it is said have worked such wonders. We cannot consent to indorse the theoretical excellence of such a law, and also to receive, as evidence of its efficacy, the ipso dixit of one man, even although lee should be the fortunate husband of Mrs. BEECHER STOWE; nor do we feel warranted in be lieving a two years' experiment conclusive on so important a subject. Are we, at the bare bidding of any individual, to surrender our right of judgment as something with which it is dangerous to entrust us, and so convict our selves, as a nation, of a grosser amount of degradation than even our worst enemies would. charge us with ? Surely, we have not yet so far descended in the social scale. If there is not sufficient moral virtue left among us to vindicate ourselves from the charge of universal drunkenness, the cause of temperance is indeed a hopeless one. In so moribund a condition, we should indeed be serrY to contemplate it ; but we look for the healthy growth, the full development, and the final triumph of temperance from the employment of other and more legitimate means than the application of physical force. We hope for the restraint of intemperance and its kin dred vices from the extended operation of the same means and causes which have rendered our people, as a people, more religious, more virtuous, and more happy, as genera tion has succeeded generation. We confidently rely on the influence of that Gospel, and of those ministrations which have raised us from the serfdom of savage life, and from the bondage of a degraded Paganism, to the exalted freedom of religious knowledge and Christian practice ; and we trust to the operation of those civilizing arts, which have at once raised the national character, and improved the individual condition of its sons and daugh ters. Are we to believe that the powerful agencies, which, under God's blessing, have so far forwarded us in social advancement, have at last become paralyzed ? Are we to overlook or repudiate the fact, that in those circles, whence the example is set in social life, habits, in respect to drink . Ting usages, are now prevalent anti:on the increase, which, in the days of our fathers, would bave been looked on as the habits of anchorites ? No ! We cannot bring our-. selves to believe that, 'with so good and improving an example set before us, irreligion, ignorance, and drunk enness will not suffer a steady, though it may be slow, diminution. On the rising generation, in this respect, must be fixed the nation's hope. While we endeavour, by all means, to reclaim the aged and mature from vice and its contingent miseries, let us devote every effort of love and of persuasion to secure for the young increasing know ledge, religious and secular, trusting more to these elevat ing agencies, and the blessings which must inevitably rest on them, and less to vituperation and coercion. THE PORT OF LIVERPOOL. No. V. Br the contract which was entered into with Messrs. lIR.LBSKY M'Cointrcx, and Co., at the close of last year, by the then Birkenhead Dock Trustees, and confirmed 11 the board which was subsequently elected, in which tht Party familiarly known as the Blue List sost a r 4 j ongly DteNuderated, it was agreed that the outer works oin -4114 the Ilersey should be completed, so that the Great k r 0 ,,,,,,„,H *t l uiglit be rendered fully available for dock space -', and the tidal water excluded from the large s P, 7,, igiii allY destined to form the North and South eserv-- Il irough the liberal terms upon which those eminent ht,,,,, of the heavy---A-Ls agreed to undertake the responsibility n outlay Which would necessarily be incurred, the —lsek Trtta tees Were enabled to take this important ?teP WWilfilfi tIW ration of the long-deferred Lope§ of completion, and the bill to give the necessary powers was passed through parliament last session. In accordance with this agreement, by which a right of property in the South Reserve, which adjoins the beaching ground at Woodside, was secured to Messrs. BE.A.SiY and Co., they commenced operations in the course of the summer,. on the outer wall of the North Reserve, and since then the works have been proceeded with as rapidly as their peculiar nature will permit. Those who cross the Mersey, either by Woodside or Seacombe ferries, may have observed the gradual extension of the northern wall, over which is a double line of rails, laid upon a course of piling within and without. In the course of this work, which is of the most sub stantial character, great difficulties have to be encountered, owing' to the wall being brought almost to the extreme edge of the sandy formation, and the necessity of securing a firm foundation for such massive erections. The portion yet unfinished is only uncovered at low water of spring tides, and, consequently, the men employed can only work at it about four days in a fortnight, which accounts for the seeming delay that has taken place in its completion. In the mean time, however, the embankment at the northern part of the South Reserve is being actively pro ceeded with, in order to join the outer wall, and thereby exclude the tide at this point ; so that, when the gap in the northern wall is filled up, the water will be shut out from the whole of the northern portion,.including• the space intended for the central dock, which will form the entrance to the Great Float. When this part of the work has been done, which will probably be in about a month or six weeks from this time, many hundreds of additional labourers will be employed, and a rapid progress made with the works. These will comprise, in the first instance, the completion of the North Reserve, and a long line of wharf, extending from Seacombe Ferry along the side of the Mersey and the central dock to the entrance of the Great Float, the interior forming an ample space for the erection of com modious warehouses. On the southern side will be a dock or basin, opening from the Mersey, of the spacious area of 37 acres, capable of receiving vessels of a larger burthen than any that have yet reached the Mersey, and affording shelter to shipping fully equal to any of the docks on the eastern side of the river, at the same time forming a magnificent inlet to the vast area of the Great Float. While these works are in progress, the contractors will complete the outer wall of the South Reserve, in a similar manner to that on the north, so as to join the corner next Woodside. This will form another extensive wharf sur rounding a large area for the erection of substantial build ings, for the purposes of trade, the whole communicating with the line of railway, and giving such facilities for commercial operations as will not be surpassed at any other port in the world. Between the south wall, at the upper end of which is the entrance to the 31orpeth Dock, and the pier and esplanade of Woodside Ferry, is a well sheltered beaching ground for colliers and other small vessels, of the extent of about sixteen acres. We may remark that the outer wall, which is now being constructed, is of the most substantial masonry, present ing a smooth surface to the action of the tide, the upper course being several feet above the level of the highest spring tides ; and there can be no doubt, from the high character of the eminent contractors, that the whole work will be carried out to completion in a manner to do justice to their reputation. They have also now a greater interest in the dock works being brought to a state of completion, owing to their own extensive foundries and workshops which they have recently erected at the upper end of the Pool. When the whole has been finished, which may reasona bly be anticipated in about two years from this time, there will be a total area of wet docks on the Birkenhead side to the extent of at least two hundred acres, which is equal to that of all the docks on the Liverpool side of the Mersey. But, in addition to this, there will be ample facilities for increasing the dock accommodation to almost any extent, both in water space and quay-room, should the growing trade of the port demand such extension, as both on the Seacombe side and the Birkenhead side of the Great Float. there is ample room, and all of it more really accessible than the extreme north end of the Liverpool line of docks, and far less costly to make it available. We have hitherto confined these observations on Birken head facilities for shipping purposes to the spacious area known as Wallasey Pool ; but this is by no means the limit of the advantages which the western shore of the Mersey presents for extending the trade of the port of Liverpool. Between Woodside and Monks' Ferry, as have been noticed already, will be two large ship-building yards on land leased by the Liverpool Corporation to Messrs. 1 CLAYTON and Co., and Messrs. CLOVER and Co. ; and the iwhole of the intervening space will be thus occupied. From the upper side of the railway station to Birkenhead Ferry, including the whole of the land np to Church street, with the exception of a small spot in the south west corner belonging to Mrs. LE FRENCH, the space will be occupied by Mr. JouN LAIRD with iron ship-building. Along this frontage the Corporation has engaged to build a river wall, and construct graving-docks and other ap pliances for building and repairing large vessels. Immediately beyond what is now the Birkenhead Hotel, and which will form the southern extremity of Mr. LAIRD'S premises, is a partially formed 'dock, originally the outlet of Tranmere Pool. The mouth is covered by a light wooden bridge, connecting the Birkenhead and Tranmere Ferries ; it has been partially walled, and on the north side is a slip dock, where corn and coals are landed. A very moderate outlay might serve to render it a commodious wet-dock, while the outer wall would serve to continue the boundary of the Mersey, which would then be complete from this point to Seacombe Ferry, and prove of very great advantage to the clear course of the tidal stream—an object of much importance in preserving the mouth of the Mersey from being obstructed by sand banks. Above Tranmere Dock there is also a spacious bay formed by an indentation of the Mersey, which, if more dock-room were required, might be made available by constructing a river wall and embankment from the point at Tranmere, to one near Rock Ferry. This would have a two-fold advantage, as it would not only still further preserve the tidal stream, but make available a consi derable space now of little value, from its being too low for complete drainage. It would also be admirably adapted for ship-building purposes, as the river is here very deep, being that portion known as the Sloyne, where large vessels usually find a good anchorage ground. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRANCE.—AII the Russian residents in Paris have received orders from St. Petersburgh to settle their affairs, and to hold themselves in readiness to leave France at any moment, should it become necessary for them to do so. Several political arrests, some say as many as 18, have lately been made at Dijon.—At Perigueux inflammatory placards have been posted.—At Gasny, (Eure) laskweek, four seditious placards were torn down by the police. One of them was in verse, and proclaimed the sovereignty of the Capets.--Great complaints are made at Lyons that the Emperor's image is habitually defaced upon the copper coinage, and it is probable that a decree will be issued, declaring defaced money not a legal tender.—On Monday the Cour de Cassation met iu full session, and gave judg ment in the proces of the "correspondence." It has affirmed the right of the police to open letters at the post office. As this is the judgment of the united court, there is no further appeal. Commissioners have been appointed by the Minister of Agriculture, Commerce, and Public Works to prepare a report on the best mode of establish ing regularity and security in railway travelling.—Letters from Vienna state that, during the interview which the Duke of Nemours had at Frohsdorf with the Count de Chambord, he treated him not only as a cousin, but as his Sovereign ; and, in addressing him, made use of the words " Sire," and " Roi." On seeing about him the chiefs of the legitimist party who have not quitted the Count de Chambord since 1830, the Duke de Nemours observed that he was too happy to see him surrounded by personages who had proved their devotedness and fidelity to the royal house of France. The Duchess of Orleans is said to have given her adhesion to the fusion. If this be the fact, her adviser, M. niers, is thrown overboard, and his rival has gained the day. • SPATN.—Accounts from Madrid of the 17th inst. state that the bureau of the assembly will, in all probability, be composed of the same members as last session. In the senate the majority was doubtful, but the railway question was considered likely to produce stormy debates. It was believed that the session would be of short duration. The ex-Queen of the French, Mario Amelie, landed at Cadiz on the 13th, with the Princes, her sons. On the 19th the session of the Cortes was opened by a royal commission. It is confidently stated that, in the last council of ministers, it was decided to withdraw all pro jects for alterations of the constitution. The Heraldo of the 17th contradicts the rumours re specting a projected Montemolinist movement. It also states that the Spanish fleet is to be stationed at the Bale aric Isles. of the regency of these kingdoms, and, in conformity to the said constitutional charter, I swear to maintain the Roman Catholic apostolic religion, the integrity of the kingdom, and to observe and cause to be observed the political constitution of the Portuguese nation and other laws of the kingdom, and provide for the general good of the nation to the utmost of my power. I also swear to preserve fidelity to the King, Lord Dom Pedro VIII., my above all much loved and hi t ,hly prized son, and to resign the government to him immediately on his attaining his majority." The Gov ernment istriumphing in the municipal elections. BADEN.—The government measures against the refrac tory Roman clergy have led to deplorable riots. The gendarmes, who were ordered to arrest several priests, were attacked by the peasantry in the Timber Valley. In other places the priests were rescued by the populace. AUSTRIA. — The Press states that the Austrian govern ment has appealed to her Majesty's government to make with it, as a service to Russia, who does not herself choose to originate the suggestion, a joint proposition for an armistice between the Turkish and Russian forces during the winter. RUSSIA.—It is said that the Czar, in reply to an inquiry of Austria, has stated that he is still willing to enter into negociations, if the. Porte will submit a project of peace. The Grand Duke Michael has been appointed to the com mand of the Russian army of reserve. This army, it is said, is to be directed upon the Caucasus. A Russian bulletin, dated the 11th instant, has been published. It states that the Turks, who, on the Bth, occupied the island of Mokan, near Giurgevo, evacuated that position on the 9th, because they were smashed (fbudroyes) by a Russian battery of 14 pieces. ----- TURKEY. Advices from Bucharest of the 21st state that the Turks have quitted the island near Oltenitza, and retired to Turtukai. Their camp there during the last five days has been almost deserted. General Danncnberg, in consequence, left Budeschti on the 22d with the chief part of his force, leaving 1206 men and eight cannon behind. CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 10. The Turkish capital is in a state of joyful excitement. A bulletin has been published, announcing that, on the 4th inst., Omar Pasha defeated the Russians at Oltenitza. On that day the Russian general. led 30,000 men against the position which the Turks had taken up on the 2d and the 3d on the left bank of the Danube. The combat lasted six hours. The Russians were routed, and left a large number of muskets and large quantities of ammunition on the field of battle. 800 Russians were killed in the .en gagement, while the Turks had only 13 killed and 72 wounded. -- On the 10th instant all the vessels of the fleets of Great Britain and France were concentrated in the Bosphorus. A fresh division of the Turkish fleet was to enter the Black Sea, where several Russian vessels had been ob served sailing for the coast of Asia. The firm of Baltazzi has advanced the sum of 7,000,000 f. to the Porte. The loan is guaranteed by the tribute from Egypt. The British steamer Fury, which arrived on the 7th, has brought another draught of a note, which the Am bassadors of France and Great Britain are instructed to recommend to the acceptance of Turkey ; but, since the Porte did not seem inclined to accept. the draught, it has been withdrawn by Lord Redcliffe. The fortress of Isaktscki has not been destroyed by fire. The Turks are throwing up new. entrenchments. The Hermannstadt Journal says :—" A highly credible letter of the 11th, from Jassy, says that the corps of Osten-Sacken, which uas thirty-five days' march distant when the order to advance was given, cannot reach the Pruth before the Ist of December. In Jassy the Rus sians openly pressed a number of Jews, who could only escape the military service by paying a considerable sum. It is rumoured in the Wallachian capital that the son of Prince Vogorides, who was married and settled in Bucha rest, had been sent in chains to St. Petersburg, as a consequence of his correspondence with Omer Pacha, in which the movements of the Russian troops were made known, having been intercepted. Six Boyards are also Said to have been sent to Siberia for keeping up a con nexion with Omer Pacha." Wallachian artillery has been sent to Brailow, only one battery having been there previously. Other Wallachian troops, horse and foot, await marching orders. Advices from Constantinople of the 15th instant have reached Paris via Marseilles. They announce the arrival of General Baraguay d'Hilliers. It was asserted that the Austrian internuncio, Baron de Bruck, and Major Wildenbruck, the Prussian negotiator, had been recalled. The second division of the Turkish fleet had entered the Black Sea, for the purpose of joining Muchaver Pasha's squadron. Four hundred vessels are loading corn at Odessa. A_LBXANDRIA, Nov. 19. 10,000 auxiliaries were yesterday shipped for Constan tinople. The Mahomedans of Hindostan are in a state of great excitement. THE BATTLE OF OLTENITZA. A circumstantial account of the action between the Russian and Turkish forces, at Oltenitza, has been trans mitted by the special military correspondent of the Morning Chronicle. As the details which have hitherto reached London had previously been sifted at Russian head-quarters, the report of an impartial witness will be acceptable to all. The present despatch, then, dated from Turtakai, on the 4th and sth instant, describes the action which occurred on the former of these two days as a very fiercely contended affair, on both sides ; and, in its result, as likely to exercise great influence, in a moral point of view, throughout the whole war. The complete repulse of the Russians, whose attacks were made with great energy and skill, must long be memorable to the Turkish troops, who will not have been slow, either, to recognise an omen which the writer alludes to, in a poetical strain, saying that, had he been superstitious, he should himself have drawn a good augury from the appearance. "Early this morning (he observes) the moon, a new one, rose, accompanied by the morning star. * * * * It reminded one of the Turkish standard—red field, with a crescent and star in it, as you know." After describing the Turkish entrenchment, the works of which had been prosecuted vigorously on the preceding day, the writer states that at one o'clock, p.m., on the 4th, the Russians commenced their attack. The Cossacks first advanced, being covered by the Chasseurs. A few shots were interchanged, and by 2 p.m., four squadrons of cavalry and two guns debouched from the village of Oltenitza, with about 500 or 600 Cossacks in skirmishing order. They were making a reconnoisance ; for as soon as they had received about six or seven shots from the Turkish artillery in the entrenchment, with a few from the right bank of the Danube, they retired out of shot, and remained on the same spot watching the Turks till nightfall. A second regiment of cavalry, with two guns, likewise made its appearance by a wood on the road to Oltenitza, as well as a regiment of infantry-; with the baggage. On the part of the Turks, a field battery of artillery, and a number of boat-loads of infantry, were sent as a reinforcement. It is remarked, en passant, that the Turkish troopi have every confidence that things have changed since the Turks drew the sword to make conquests. Their im proved efficiency and the talent of the general who com mands them, are felt more strongly every day. Writing later, on the night of the 4th, than the foregoing appears to have been committed to paper, the witness of these events proceeds with his narrative, or rather re-states it, as follows : Trade at . Bombay is dull. Exchange at Calcutta on London, 2s. lid. Shanghae is still in possesSionof the insurgents. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF TDB AFRICA. This day, (Nov. 4,) I hope will be memorable, as on it 1 was fought as gallant an action as history can record. I, During the morning not a soldier of the Russian force was to be seen. The whole country was scanned by eager eyes straining themselves through every imaginable species of telescope, bionocle, jumelle, &c. They, however, failed ' in detecting aught but an empty village, and an open I plain. Later a cavalry picket was discovered, which led people to suppose that they were not quite alone—a sup position most fully realised afterwards ; for at about twelve, or half-past, the Russians gradually led out their . forces on the plain. Twelve guns were placed as a battery of position, at about 1,200 or 1,300 yards from the quaran tine station. Two bodies of infantry—it remains to be known whether they were regiments or battalions—placed themselves under cover in a wood on the right of the guns—their right. On their left rear were two more bodies of infantry, and on their left two more. It is doubtful, as has been said, whether these were regiments of three battalions, the usual continental organization, or simply single battalions ; and on this fact rests the possi bility of forming an estimate of their force. In the former case the infantry would amount to 10,800 men—a number, -it is imagined, far too great ; and in the latter to 3,600 a number far too little. This calculation takes a battalion of 600 each. But supposing them to be of 1,000 each, it would give 6,000 men, which is not an improbable number. On the Russian left were three regiments of cavalry • echelloned out of range, each having two guns. There was likewise a body of Cossacks, to the amount perhaps of 600. The batteries were worked by Kane 300 gunnel's, giving a total of—at the medium calculation of the infan try-8,900 men upon the field. The Turks, if their report is to be trusted, had in the intreuchments three battalions and two companies, amounting to 2,400 men ; and the gunners, 150, and the irregular cavalry as many more-2,700 men. On looking at the above numbers, with the recollection of the troops as they were in the field, the Russian force appears undervalued. Be that as it may, at one, p.m., the Russian artillery opened its fire, and was replied to by the guns of the intrenchment, the guns of the battery at the eastern end of the intrenchment before described, and by the guns on the right bank of the river. The can nonade was kept up most vigorously on either side. The Russians had their battery of position accurately es paced, each gun being placed at an equal distance from its fellow,—the fruits of good drilling. lheir ' practice, as far as could be judged from this bank of the river, was most excellent, their shells bursting beauti fully. They opened at a long distance, it is true ; but the guns were no pop-guns to gallop with cavalry, but twelve pounders, such as are usually employed in similar circiun stances. The remainder of the artillery appeared to consist in the cavalry guns, or horse artillery, but attached in pairs to regiments of cavalry, as was formerly the case in most European armies. Two of these guns took up as flanking a position as the Argisch river would permit them, but could not have caused much damage as enfila ders. On the Turkish right the other four guns opened on the entrenchment. At 2 10 p.m., the Russian artillery exploded one of the Turkish ammunition-waggons, or limber-boxes. At 2 15 pop. the infantry made their ap pearance from the Turkish left, emerging from under cover of the wood, which they had most judiciously occu pied. This attack was seconded by the advance of the infantry on the (Turkish) right of the battery of position, and by the other regiments from the village. The chief attack, the serious one rather, being on the left flank of the entrenchment where it met the river—the only portion not properly completed. Their advance was steady ; the Turks plied the firelock vigorously, and after the enemy had got up to perhaps fifty yards, they turned, and beat a retreat to their snug little quarters in the wood. They must have been very severely handled, as they were close under the muzzles of the musketry, whose every bullet surely found its billet. Just as they advanced, a second and a similar explosion took place in the entrenchment — sadly inopportune, as was doubtless thought by the Turks. 'l'he Russian artillery redoubled its fire, and the cannonade 1 recommenced fiercely. It should have been stated that , the battery of position had come up to about 65 0 yards , their shot reaching occasionally to the hitherward side of the Danube, AWat 3,10 NaL, a second Attack of infantry PORTITGAL. — The City of London :embarked at Cadiz the Prince and Princess de Joinville and suite for Lisbon, and on arrival at that port the Princess dreamt of the death of her royal sister having occurred but a few hours before. The royal party were subsequently escorted to the house of the Duchess of Braganza. The King Consort had assumed the regency, and had issued the following proclamation :—" Portuguese,—God has been pleased to call to his glory to-day, at half-past eleven o'clock in the forenoon, the Queen Lady Donna Maria the Second, my much-loved and highly-prized spouse—a severe loss, which plunges me and my dear children in the deepest grief, and fills the sensitive and faithful Portuguese nation with mourning. In these sor rowful circumstances, obliged to fulfil those sacred duties imposed upon me by the law of the 7th of April, 1848, confirmed by the additional act to the constitutional char kr of the monarchy, I take upon !Apia the ezerciae TIIE LIVERPOOL STANDARD, AND GENERAL COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER was launched at the unfortunate little. entrenchment, encompassed on three sides, as it appeared, by its enemies. Skirmishers were duly thrown out, and on a close approach were recalled. Be' it understood that the infantry ad vanced in columns on - both occasions close on quarter distance—very ridiculously, it is thought, though of course the world must bow to the superior knowledge and experience of such a military nation as Russia. The columns had, not advanced many paces when they appeared overwhelmed with the. infantry fire of the entrenchment, and the artillery fire of a battery on the right bank. They were thrown into the most complete disorder, and retired utterly discomfited. Again their artillery opened, and drove tunnels into the entrench ment, and continued firing for half an hour. On the retreat.of the infantw, through the glass their dead could be seen in numbers strewing the ground. There could be no mistake about it, as there were hundreds of pairs of eyes that saw them, with or without the assist ance of the telescope. A hearty cheer from the entrench ments gave vent to the good spirits of its gallant defenders. It was echoed by one from this side by the united voices of the chief's staff and posse comitatui. The Turkish force was commanded by Hall Pacha, as lieutenant-colonel in the service, who, upon his presenting himself to Omer Pacha, was made a full colonel. One of General Prim's aides-de-camp, Colonel Detente, was present in the action, and escaped unhurt. The commander received a slight wound in the hand. The report of the killed on the Turkish side is only 20 ; but this was an hour or two after the action, and many who were then simply wounded, have since, poor fellows, left this scene of trouble. This morning (sth) it is stated that 1000 stand of arms have been taken. One half of the; 11th division of the corps d'armee contains• the 21st Selimginski and 22nd Takut : they have four battalions, each active. The num bers in the calculations above are therefore beloii the reality: • INDIA. ' The India mail has arrived at Alexandria, with dates from Calcutta to Oct. 20, Madras, Oct. 24, Ceylon, Oct. 29, Hong Kong, Oct. 11, Singapore, Oct. 18, Penang, Oct. 20, Bombay, Oct. 2S, and Burmah, Oct. S. 'Another war is fully expected at Burmah. There is a strong report that the King of Burmah has been put to death. More fighting has taken . place in the Nizam's dominions. Mr. J. R. Colvin is appointed Governor of the North western Provinces. At Amoy there is still some fighting between the Go vernment troops and the rebels. The country round Ningpo is in a very disturbed state. Canton is at present quiet. Exchange at Hong Kong on London, ss. 6d.; trade brisk. The exportation of grain from Egypt is still permitted. By the British and North American royal mail steam ship Africa, Captain Harrison, which reached the Mersey at half-past eleven on Sunday night, we have intelligence from New York to the 16th instant. She has brought home 74 passengers, and 500,000 dollars in specie. The American steam-ship Baltic, from Liverpool, arrived out at New York on the 14th instant, at 11.45, a.m. The Africa passed the steamer Arabia, from Liverpool, going into New York on the 16th. The American mails from Boston were not delivered in New York until Monday the 14th, late in the afternoon. The delay was caused—first by the boistrous weather, and then by an accident on the railway, which prolonged the delay twelve hours. In consequence, the maiis which left here by the Baltic, four days after the America sailed, were delivered in New York first. on speculation, and 580 in transitu. The sales the whole of last week were 8,095 bales, of which 3,272 were for export, 3,604 for home use, 900 on speculation, and 319 in transitu. We quote : NEW YORK CLASSIFICATION. N.Orteans Uplaud. Florida. Mol)ile. & Texas. Ordinsry 7l .... 71 .... 71 .... 71 Middling lO .... 10 .... • 104 .... 10i Middling fair ll .... 11 .... 114 .... 114 Fair Total import since Ist instant 13,891 bales." Export from lit to 15th Nov. 1853, 8,203; 1832, 10,785. RECEIPTS, EXPORTS, AND STOCKS OF COTTON.' Exports to Total Exports Stock, and Receipts. Gt. Britain. to For. ports. on ship b'd 1853 288,649 85,267 117,234 ' 213,673 1852 528,349 159,629 207,978 302,366 Increase — Decrease . 239,700 71,362 90,644 83,693 From TV. P. Wright's Circular of November 15. — The quality of the new crop, so far received from the Atlantic States, is decidedly inferior in colour, staple, or cleanliness to that of the last, and with a greater propor tion of quality below middling. I hear the same corn _ plaint from Charleston and Savannah, as well as the inte rior towns of South Carolina and Georgia. There has been too little cotton received here from the Gulf ports to form an opinion from actual observation, but letters from Mo bile and New Orleans make similar complaints of the re- . ceipts at those points, although hopes are entertained that, when the last pickings arrive, a manifest improvement will exist. In regard to the crop, I confirm my remarks in my last circular. We have no accounts as yet of frost having passed over the south-western cotton region, nor has any injury been done in Southern Alabama, Florida, or Louisiana. In portions of Mississippi, Tennessee, North Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina, the frost of 24th October has done more or less injury, according to situation, and it seems not improbable that the production of these localities may fall below that of last year. SALT.—Sales have been made of 400 sacks Bromilow's Liverpool fine at $1,50 cash, and 10,910 do. ground and fine, on private terms. COAL.-45 tons Liverpool cannel havebeen sold at $12,50, four months. Cumberland is in active demand at -$3,75 for fine, and $4 for run of mine, and $4,35 cash, delivered at Baltimore. The Hon: Mr. Atherton, United States senator, and confidential friend of President Pierce, died at 31anches ter, N.H., on the 15th instant. The Liverpool packet ship Western World, reported some time since as having gone ashore on the Squaw Beach, had broken up. Her decks drifted ashore, all broken .to pieces, many of which were wrapped around with dry goods, which composed a part of the cargo. Her bottom, with a considerable amount of iron in it, is out of sight under water. The Boston packet ship Meridian had arrived at that port from Liverpool in 35 days, with upwards of 500 passengers to train and Co., all in good health, and not a death on the passage. Inorr. -Scotch pig has been in good demand, and some 1,200 to 1,400 tons have changed hands, chiefly at ,••;36,50 to $37, 6 mos., and in some instances $32,50 to $34,50, cash. We quote English bars $65, and common Swedes $83,50 to $B4. 150 Ms, English sheet, assorted numbers, brought 54c., 6 mos. BuEADST UFFS.-For flour there was an extensive de mand till near the close of last week at an advance of fully 124 c. per barrel on the quotations of the Bth instant. The receipts on Friday of the telegraphic advices per steamer America, via Halifax, to the 20th ult., received on Friday, gave a further slight impulse to the demand, but, since the arrival of the Baltic, yesterday morning, the turn of the market has been in favour of the buyer, although we do not quote any actual decline from the advanced rates of last week. 'Wheat is without chauge-iii price, but prime qualities are scarce. Indian corn has been in good de mand, part for export. Pnovzsiorrs.-With increased receipts and a moderate demand, western mess and prime pork declined 25c. to 374 c.„ but there was more doing at the decline, the market closing heavily ; other descriptions are scarce. Beef has continued in active request. Lard is plenty and lower. Butter is arriving freely. Cheese continues dull. FREIGHTS.-Freights to Great Britain and the Con tinent are scarcely so firm since the arrival of the Baltic, though rates have not varied materially. Shipowners and agents are unwilling to submit to a decline so long as the offers continue so large, and the tonnage in port so small as at present. To Liverpool the rates are, for cotton,' 1 3-6 d. to 4d. per lb. ' • flour, 3s. 6d. per barrel ; grain, 12d. to 13d. per bushel. To London, flour, 4s. 9d. per barrel ; grain, in bulk, 15d. to 16d. per bushel. To 'Havre; cotton, id. per lb. ; flour, 95c-. to 100 c. per barrel ; grain, in bags, 25c. per bushel. CHARLESTON, Nov. 13.-The sales of cotton yesterday were 350 bales. The quotations range froM Bic. to 104 c. • MOBILE, Nov. 11.-Middling is quoted 81e. per lb., with a quiet market. Freight to Liverpool id., and to Havre 11c. per lb.. NEW ORLEANS, Nov. 16.-Cotton was very active yes terday. Sales 9,000• bales, at an advance of 4d. on the better qualities. The quotations are, middling, 9c. to 94c. ; good middling; Vic. to 10c. Freight to Liverpool, id. to ld. per lb. HAVANA, Nov. a-Sugar was quiet • and unchanged. The stock in Regla warehouses was 99,850 boxes, and in private warehouses 8,000. The clearances of the week at Havana .and Matanzas were 6,887 boxes. Freights are more numerous, and engagenients to Cowes were made at £3 to £3 2s. 6d. ; and. to the Continent £3 6s. to £3 7s. 6d. ; to France, 801 r. to 85er.. Exchange on London were 114 to 12 premium. The American Union, from Liverpool, arrived out at New York on the 15th instant, with the loss of seventy five passengers and five of the crew from cholera. The Centurion, also from Liverpool, lost thirteen of her pas a,,ongers ; and the Statesman, from Antwerp, twenty-five. A severe hurricane had occasioned some loss of life and damage to property. Yellow fever had again appeared at Natchez with fatal effect. An American horse had, for a wager, trotted one hundred miles in 8 hours, 55 minutes, and 63 seconds ; although the horse did not at the finish appear greatly distressed, it afterwards died. Captain Comstock, of the Baltic, had been presented with a testi monial by his passengers.—The 'Washington corres pondent of the New York Herald asserts, that the state ment that the Secretary of the Treasury will recommend. in his report a reduction of the duty on iron is incorrect. No reduction of the duty on that article is now contem nlatectin that class denominated railroad iron, and even then it is probable that the administration will not seek to guide the action of . congress. The secretary w ill no t recommend a change in the existing system of collecting the revenue' from ad valorem to special duties. The fea tures of his -report will briefly be an enlargement of the list of " free articles," and a recommendation to continue the buying up of United States stocks at a premium, and a patronising slap on the back to the independent Treasury law. The secretary will also endeavour to demonstrate that his purchase in New York for an assays-office has saved the government a large amount.. Respecting the forthcoming message, the correspondent writes,—" It is understood the President, in his message, will come out pretty definitely upon the subject of the Pacific railroad, and in such a manner as to satisfy the , strictest constructionist. * * His feelings, the subject of internal improvements by the general government may be gathered from the fact that he declares. he sees no reason now to change the views he formerly held on that question, and that his votes in Congress at the time show truly his present position. * * * The Garay and Tehuantepec grant will be endorsed by the administration, and the t rea ty nogo ti a t e d by J u d g e Conkling, recognizing the Sloo grant, will not be noticed • in any way, on the ground that there was no authority given to Conkling to negotiate a treaty, and that the Sloo grant is a diplomatic fraud to get rid of the Garay grant. * * The President will recommend a general system of reciprocal trade with the British pro vinces, of all articles the growth and product of each country, and the admission of fish, duty free, upon our fishermen being permitted to fish unrestrictedly on the coasts of Nova Scotia and New Brunssvick. The proposi tion of the English government to permit colonial vessels to obtain American registers will not be opposed, but the suggestion to throw open the coasting trade of Californiaal ifo will be rejected as unconstitutional. A complete revision of the tariff will, it is confidently stated, be suggested; and with this view the Secretary of the Treasury is busily engaged in preparing voluminous data, to show the con sumption of the several articles of trade, and will suggest important modifications in all such articles as come under the head of necessaries. It is yet doubted whether any material modifications will be made in the duty on iron ; but, notwithstanding the most urgent remonstrances of the manufacturers of railroad iron in the United States, it is believed a repeal of the duty on that particular article will be recommended. The Secretary of the Navy will recom mend an entire revision of the personnel and materiel of the navy. Perhaps the most important feature of the mes sage will be its allusion to the position of the Sandwich Islands and the bold avowal of the importance of their being annexed to the United States. * * The Secessionists and the Abolitionists flying off again as they did in 1850. I understand the President will also make the affairs of Europe, should they continue to ripen to wards a general explosion, a prominent feature of his message. As far as the opinions of the Cabinet can be gathered on this Turkish question and its consequences, you may rely upon it that the administration understand the advantages a European war will offer in the solution of the great doctrine of " manifest destiny." Hence, to some extent, the continued outcry of the Union on the Africanization of Cuba. notwithstandi a the fact that Mr. Crampton has officially informed the President that the charges and fears of Mr. Nicholson concerning the schemes of Great Britain are utterly groundless. A new York paper states that the government of Mexico has granted an important patent act to F. H. Southworth, in regard to the fisheries on the Mexican coast. Mr. S., under an old law, has secured the sole privilege of catch ing and curing fish, packing mid shipping oysters, &c., of which there are immense numbers all along the Mexican coast. The same paper says, " The newest rumour about Santa Anna is, that the $260,000 ho has been raising to pay the interest on the Mexican bonds, held in England, was furnished by the Pope of home. For the return of this civility it is affirmed the Mexican President re-esta blished the order of the Jesuits." From Havana we have advices to the Bth. There was some political excitement in the island. The revolutionary paper, Vox del Puebla, had been again published. Several arrests had been made, and rumours of revolt were current. It is stated that a vessel had appeared off Baracoa, at the east end of the island, and hoisted what appeared to be a signal of distress, when, simultaneous with the hoisting of the signal, the fort was attacked by 70 men on horseback, who were repulsed. Some prisoners were made, and they were on their way to Havana when the Isabel sailed. A British war vessel had arrived at Havana, being the second within a few days. Mr. Murray, of Philadelphia, fell dead in the streets of Havana on the 4th instant, supposed from enlargement of the heart. Venezuelan advices of the 15th October report that the new coffee was arriving but slowly in the market, though the demand for it was considerable. The quotations are For- that of the -Araua valleys, $l2 to $l3 per quintal, or 100 lbs., shelled; unshelled, from $lO to $10.50. Hides were quoted at from $l2 to $l3 the quintal, and were p abundant, for want of purchasers, Indigo d k i e g t o w I . market the English soverei gn was quo t e d a t $6 , 50, an d th e was ithin active y mon ey market mo demand, but there was none eha in e t rs he United States eagle (gold) at ' $13,37-i- • the English shilling at 31ic.; and the United States dollar at $1,341. AUSTRALIA. ARRIVAL OF THE INDIAN QUEEN. By the Indian Queen,Captain Mill, belonging to Messrs.. James Baines and Co.'s "Black Ball " line of . Australian packets which reached this port yesterday, we haVe advises from Melbourne to the-30th of August. The Indian Queen has brought about 60 passengers and 38,992 ounces of gold dust on freight, besides a large amount in the hands of passengers. The Indian Queen sailed from Port Philip at 1 p.m., on the 30th of August, after remaining in port for twenty three days ; passed Swan Island, Bass's Straits, on the 31st August; the outermost point of New Zealand. on the 15th September;. passed Cape Horn, 6th October; and the Equator on the Ist Nov. Her greatest day's. running going out was 311 miles, and coming home for several days she ran 330 miles per day. She performed the voyage out and. home in six months and eleven days, having left Liverpool on the 17th May. The Melbourne Morning Herald gives the following as a summary of the• news :—" The price of gold has re-, mained immoveable throughout the week, notwithstanding considerable fluctuation in the extent of the supply, which now invariably falls oft' after the middle of the week. The export of gold dust and ingots for the week, up to yester day, .was confined.to that shipped by the Argo, but to-day, the Bavaria was to clear out for New York, with some six or seven thousand ounces. The receipts of specie have not much exceeded £30,000. In money and banking affairs we have no changes to note, beyond 'the extension of demand for draughts on London, which shovh that other remittances besides gold dust are largely required at present to meet the increasing bulk of importations. The United States. also begin to draw off our bullion—the departure of the first vessel direct for the commercial capital of that Republic having been announced for to-day, as referred' to, above. On the other hand, remittances to the amount of a million, or upwards, will be shortly flowing into. the colony, from the recent wool sales, and will restore the balance ►which now turns against us. The usual weekly return of shipping and imports, ap pended hereto, includes eight dayson the present occasion, owing to. the• return having been made up a day earlier than usual last week, for transmission to England by the Argo. The aggregate of the two weeks shows an arrival of over 4,000 tons of shipping, and about six thousand passengers. The principal feature in the imports has been a decline in the receipts of flour, and a large increase in those of building materials and useful implements, from Great Britain, America, and other distant ports. These arrivals, together with the large amount of more- sub stantial buildings now in progress in the city, can. hardly fail to affect, shortly, the enormous rents still demanded for- small tenements, and promise ultimately to increase largely the amount of storage, both for wholesale and retail dealers. Although a slight appearance of activity has been im parted to some branches of the wholesale trade this week by speculative purchasers, nothing has transpired effec tually to stop the downward tendency which the constant heavy arrivals of goods occasion. The flour trade may, how ever, be still excepted fromthis depression, additional firmness having been evinced in the colonial imports of that article, which now find a market at the full rates of the town mills. We have also heard of good barrel flour realizing nearly the same figure. Bran continues very scarce, and some importers are asking ss. fid, per bushel. The very large receipts of oats keep down the price of that corn ; and for prime English barley 11s. is obtained with diffi culty. • Quotations in the wine trade are considered nominal, and all descriptions of spirits, except rum, have gone down lower. Martell's brandy has been sold at 10s. 6d. to 12s. per gallon. Malt liquors are also lower; a large quantity of bottled porter (choice brand) has changed hands at 10s. in the Bay. In the provision trade there is a further decline in many articles, particularly English hams and bacon. Tea, coffee, and sugar maintain previous rates, except English loaf sugar, which is decidedly lower. A decline of about 2d. per lb. has been submitted to in manufactured tobacco. Timber is ten to twenty per cent. lower, but the prices are still highly favourable for the importers. We lately noticed the increased importation of articles of luxury, as marking our progress onward to a more settled condition : we have now the gratification to ver ceive a constantly increasing import of food for the mind, in the way of books, pictures, musical instruments, &c. Another and more matter-of-fact evidence of this progress is the almost daily announcement of new joint-stock com panies for carrying out desirable and practical objects in that city. . The Cleopatra steamer was to sail from Melbourne on the Ist of September. Two of the persons implicated in the recent extensive gold escort robbery, had been arrested and lodged in gaol at Portland. There was a great demand in the labour market, and in consequence, the rates of wages had slightly advanced beyond those last reported. The Government escort from Mclvor and Goulbourn arrived at the Treasury, on the 26th of August, with its usual punctuality, bringing down 1,408 ounces of gold. Last number of certificates, 1,534 ; Goulburn, 17. The Government escort from Castlemaine, in charge of Lieut. Messenger, and a troop of the mounted 40th, arrived at the Treasury, on the same day, with 35,360 ounces. Last numbers : Forest Creek, 10,567 ; Sandhurst, 18,137 ; Eagle Hawk, 85 ; Fryer's Creek, 666 ; Golden Point, 11; Wederburn, 204 ; Amherst, 74 : Moliagull 89. Exchange on London for 30 days' bills, was quoted at par or 1f per cent. discount, for every additional thirty days. DEVICE OF FRENCII THIEVES. — An elegantly-dressed gentleman ordered, some time ago, at a hatter's, in Paris, twenty-five hats of an entirely new form. The maker , when they were finished, tried one on, and finding that it became him, made a twenty-sixth for his own personal use. The individual who had given the order called punctually for the hats, and paid cheerfully. The next Sunday, the weather being very fine, the hatter gave his new head-piece an airing in the Champs Elysees. When at the Rend Point, he observed several persons adorned with the coverings he had made. One came up and said, with a peculiar wink, " A good day for booty, and no breaks about !" Dear me, thought the hatter, I should not wonder if I had been making hats to serve as a rally ing signal to members of a secret society. Bather con cerned he kept on his walk. Under the Arch of Triumph he saw other individuals sporting other specimens of his last new style. One came quickly behind him and said— " Here, put these in your deep : and these, and these." He handed him three watches with broken chains, two purses, and five handkerchiefs. The hatter now saw plainly enough the sort of society with which he was in league. He hastened to the nearest commissary of police, and the twenty-five pickpockets were speedily lodged in gaol. THE LATE QUEEN OF PORTUGAL. ON Monday last week was announced, by a telegraphic despat* from Lisbon, the unexpected intelligence that Donna Maria da Gloria, Queen of Portugal, died in child bed on the 15th instant. Upon the previous accouchement of her late Majesty, the faculty greatly feared she could not again surmount the difficulties and dangers attendant upon her state of corpulence, but, as she had been all along in perfect health and spirits, the risk was lost sight of, and the public were ill-prepared to hear of the Queen's death, at half-past 11 o'clock on the 15th, before it was known that she had been ill or in danger. The effect of her Majesty's melancholy decease was enhanced by her, having been to the last seen in the midst of the people; no.one appeared more to enjoy the theatre on Sunday night, and she was' amusing herself with her children in the palace-gardens on Monday ; but on Tuesday the Queen was no more. Her son, Dom Pedro V., was proclaimed King, and his father, Dom Fernando, installed as regent until he attains his majority of 18, on the 16th of September, 1855. Although still young, having been born on the 4th of April, 1819, only a month before Her Majesty Queen Victoria, her name belongs to transactions and contests which have long passed away. Her life, especially in her earliest years, was singularly agitated and unfortunate; and the subsequent period of her reign has not responded to the enthusiastic hopes of the constitutional party which placed her on the throne. Her political career may be said to have begun in her infancy, for she was still at Rio Janeiro, the place of her birth, in 1826, when the death of King John IV., followed by the renunciation of the Crown by her father and the proclamation of the constitutional charter, raised her to the throne, and she was betrothed a few months afterwards to her uncle, Dom Miguel, then made Regent of the kingdom. No sooner, however, had this Prince assumed the reins of Government in the name of his niece, than he usurped the Crown, and his first act was to forbid his Sovereign and his bride from landing in her own dominions. Donna Maria then came to England, where she was received by George IV. as Queen of Por tugal, and the leaders of the Constitutional party prepared for that struggle which they ultimately led to a successful issue, with the assistance of the other members of the quadruple alliance. During that contest the young Queen resided in Brazil or in Paris, and it was not till Dom Pedro had captured Lisbon that she was enabled, in Sep tember, 1833, to enter her capital and ascend her throne. Her father, unhappily, survived this event but one year, and on the 18th of September, 1831, the Cortes were in duced unanimously to declare their Sovereign, then only fifteen, to be of full age, and iu complete possession of her royal prerogative. A few months later she contracted a marriage with Prince Augustus, of Leuchtenberg, the eldest son of Prince Eugene Beauharnais ; but here again the singular ill-fortune of her life prevailed, and the Queen, married in January, 1835, was a widow before Easter. A second marriage was concluded in the following year with Prince Ferdinand, of the Romanist branch of the Coburg family, which has conferred upon the house of Braganza no less than eight lineal descendants. A reign of twenty years is thus abruptly terminated, and, although it has not fulfilled the hopes of its first • adherents, or rewarded the exertions made by other Powers to secure the succession in the constitutional line, it is due to the memory of the late Queen to bear in mind the extraordinary difficulties of the position in which, by no fault of her own, she was placed. Raised to the throne in childhood, born and bred. in South America, and de prived of her parents before she knew their worth, she had to encounter the intrigues of a profligate court, and the incessant struggles of political parties, in which per sonal Ambition and rivalry held a large share. Between these contending factions she had to steer her course, though scarcely a year passed without some violent attempt to change the Government, or some open collision between the national party and. the prerogatives of the crown. At times the opposition assumed the form of open insurrection, and, in 1837 more especially, it is pro bable that the Junta of Oporto would have succeeded in its objects, whatever they were, but for the direct inter position of England, France, and Spain. All confidence between the Sovereign and the nation had long been de stroyed: The court was regarded as faithless in its en gagements, big oted in its opinions, and absolutist in its tendencies ; and it was always a matter of uncertainty . how long such a government could hold its ground. Since the last singular rising of Marshal. Saldanha, by which that veteran politician forced himself upon the crown and the country, he has held. the rudder with a firm hand, but several reasons warrant the belief that. his power is not likely to be of very long duration. Upon the accession of the young king, the Cortes will doubtless be convoked, and, although the king-consort has naturally received the temporary powers of regent, it will probably be the wish of the nation to anticipate, by a few months, the legal majority of their new sovereign, and to remove, as much as possible, from his court, those influences which are supposed to have contributed so powerfully to the errors and the unpopularity of the latereign. Her Majesty has left seven children ; namely, Dom Pedro Aleantara, Duke of Braganza, born Sept. 16, 1837; Dom Louis Philippe, Duke of Oporto, born Oct. 31, 1838; Dom Joao; Duke of Saxe and of Baja, born March 16, 1842; Donna Marie-Anne, born July 21, 1813; Donna Antonia, born Feb. 17, 1845; Dom Ferdinand, born July 23, 1846; and Dona Augusto, born Nov. 4,-1847. COMMERCIAL DITELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, Nov. 15. STOCKS AND Mmar.—There is a better feeling in the Stock Market than prevailed last week, but the sudden rise of stock on Monday is not fully maintained yesterday and to-day. The returns of traffic on the principal rail roads continue to show an increase upon the receipts of previous years. Bank shares are heavy, and the demand light. There is a decided improvement observable in the money market. Demand loans are freely offered at 7 per cent., and rates of discount are lower, now ruling at from 10 to 12 per cent. per annum on first class bills. There has been considerable business in sterling exchange, and prices closed firm. We quote bills on London 9c. to 9i per cent. prem.; Paris, Ste. L 5.121 to f. 5.131, 60 days, and f. 5.01 short sight; Hamburg, 361 to 361; and Frank fort, 44 COTTON. —The market ha.s continued depressed, and the prices of Monday last show a decline of -ic. to lc. from those of the week previous, closing with a downward tendency, the rates current yesterday being again in favour of buyers, The sales for the three days are 4,359 bays, iucluding 1,311, for export, 1,796 for home MC, 672 TUESDAY, NOVEMI3ER 29, 1853. LAW INTELLIGENCE. LIDEL.nt " THE TlmEs."—An application, on Friday, for a rule,. calling upon Mr. William Harrison, the pub lisher of The Times to show cause why a criminal infor mation should not be filed against him, for a libel published in that journal, against the Hon. Mr. Scott, and other gentlemen connected with the South Western Railway Company, was postponed till next term : ' kASTEiN AucifxrEnA.uo:--Judgment was given on Tuesday in the Exchequer Chamber on the long pending case of the Queen v. the; Eastern Archipelago Company. The present proceedings:arose, primarily, from a scire facias, issued at the instance of Sir James Brooke, suggesting that the conditions of the company's charter had not been fulfilled. The jury found in favour of the Crown ; and the Company appealed:to the Queen's Bench:, The judges here had to decide upon two questions : whether the non-payment of the £50,000 within twelve months, and the commencing of business before that was paid, were such a breach of the: conditions as to entitle the Crown to cancel the charter ;. and whether the charter could be annulled by scire faoias, Lord Campbell and Justice Wightman decided in.. favour of the Crown, but Justices Coleridge and Erle held a different opinion. Judgment was entered for the:Croin, but a writ of error . was brought, on which judgment was now to be given. The Lord Chief Justice of Common Pleas, Justices Wil liams, Talfourd, and Cresswell, and, the Chief Baron, with Barons Alderson, Platt, and. Martin, were of opinion that the judgment entered in the Queen's Bench was correct ; that the Crown had the power to annul the charter upon a breach of the conditions ; and that any subject of the realm might proceed by scire faeias, the prerogative of the Crown being held for the public benefit. Mr. Baron Parke was the only dissentient from this opinion ; and judgment was therefore entered for the Crown. CRIMINAL INFORMA_TION.-1.11 the Bail Court, On Thursday, before Mr. Justice Crompton, Sir F. Thesiger said he had to move for a rule to. show cause why a criminal information should not be filed against the publisher of the. Morning Advertiser newspaper, for a libel upon Mr. W.. K. Gardner, late Comptroller of the Customs at the port of Li verpool. The libel arose out of the prosecution of the. Customs against the great dock interests. Mr. Gardner. was at the time the Comptroller of the Customs at the port of Liverpool. He was summoned .to London, and he. was employed to assist the solicitors to the prosecution, but he did not originate them and did not receive any reward, either directly or indirectly, for his services. He was therefore much astonished and hurt to find that on the 28th of October an article appeared in the Morning Ad vertiser, generally upon the Board of Customs, but reflect ing in a very serious manner upon Mr. Gardner.. The learned council read the paragraph, which alleged that the comptroller of one of the northern ports had brought for ward false charges in the Customs' prosecutions for his own sordid purposes. The affidavit, set forth, stated that Mr. Gardner was the person alluded to by the newspaper. He (Sir F., Thesiger) could not imagine anything more mis chevious or more likely to prejudice the chnacter of an officer, whose services had been beneficial to the country. —Rule granted. EXTRAORDINARY BILL CASE.—In the Bail Court on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, a case Wilbraham v, Bickley, occupied the whole of these dap, and excited un usual interest. The action was to recover the amount of a bill of the 22d of May, lin, for £92, drawn by the de feudant, and accepted by one Fell, and endorsed by the defendant to the plaintiff. The defendant pleaded that he had only endorsed it to enable the plaintiff to obtain the money from Fell under his bankruptcy. It appeared that the plaintiff is a gunmaker, carrying on business in the Strand, and the defendant is an attorney, having chambers adjoining the Temple, and acting as the attorney for the plaintiff. According to the plaintiff's statement, the de fendant called upon him in June, 1,852, and asked him to discount this bill, and be gave him £BO, and subsequenty £lO. On the day it . became due the plaintiff asked the defendant to present the bill fbr him, and in the evening he said he had presented it, but it was not paid ; but he added, "It is all right, old fellow, I will get you the money. Fell has plenty of property in Ireland." Some time after he told the plaintiff that they could get the money directly if they struck a docket against Fell, and the plaintiff gave the defendant £lO to tape the requisite proceedings. On the part of the defendant it was said that the statement of the plaintiff was untrue ; that the defendant had been in the habit of lending the plaintiff money, and, as re garded this bill, that the defendant had endorsed it merely that the money might be obtained from Fell ; and, as re garded all the other bills, they were given expressly for the accommodation of the plaintiff. On Thursday Mr. Justice Crompton, in summing up, said he thought that the jury would agree with the learned counsel and himself, that on one side or the other most deliberate perjury must have been committed. The • only question for them to decide was—to which side they gave credence. The jury retired for three hours, and, on returning, found a verdict • for the plaintiff for £l2O 7s. ld. A CASE OF SIIAREEL—In the Court of Chancery, on Thursday, the case ea. parte Nielson - in re Edmond came on before the Lords Justices of Appeal. This c ase came before the court in a somewhat irregular manner, the order brought under discussion having been pronounced by Lord Justice Knight Bruce, sitting in bankruptcy as Vice-Chancellor, so long ago as August, 1850, at which time the learned judge gave the parties leave to submit a case for the opinion of the Court of Exchequer. The facts of the case were these :—ln June, 1845, a prospectus was issued for the formation of a joint-stock insurance office at Liverpool, called " The Royal Insurance Company," with a capital of £2,000,000, - in 100,000 shares of £2O each ; and it was completely registered. In this association Mr. Edmond became the allottee of 200 shares. He paid all the calls, but did not execute the deed of settlement, and was not a registered shareholder as required by the 26th section of the Joint Stock Companies' Registration Act, 7th and. Bth Victoria, chap. 110. These shares were sold for Mr. Edmond by Messrs. D. and J. B. Nielson, his sharehrokers, at Liverpool, and the transfers were executed but not registered. Mr. Edmond became bankrupt, and Mr. Commissioner Skirrow decided that the bankrupt, not being a registered shareholder, the sale was of no avail, and that the shares formed part of his estate. The brokers appealed to the Vice-Chancellor, who agreed with the com missioner, but gave leave that a case might be submitted for the opinion of a court of law. The argu=ntS proceeded only a short time, when Lord Justice Turner suggested that the opinion of the full court h an ad tober be taken.—Lord Justice Knight Bruce said he a g reed mode of proceeding his learned brother preferred. ~ MAJOR BERESFORD.—In the Bail Court, on Frtu (before Mr. Justice Crompton), an applicatioa was made Major for a rule under the following circumstances : . Beresford and others, to the number of eleven, were 7 . nested with the election for Derby. Two of there, gr.. Beresford and Mr. John finish, had removed thean ment into this court, and were boun d to plead, d give . notice of that, or they would forfeit thei r recognizan °lc; Mr. Beresford pleaded on the sth of November, all" the notice of trial on the 14th for the Middlesex sitti!a.; Mr. Huish had pleaded entire on the 14th, and had gi'! ac i due notice of trial. Five other defendants did not 1 1 `_! to until the 21st of November, too late for the prosecuto.r., give them notice of trial for the same sittings toquewree Mr. Beresford had given . notice of trial. The-con,et, would be, if matters remained as at present, the gr, ment would be tried against the two. d,efendauts,ios„ Beresford and Mr. Huish, and the others would not per their notice. He believed, therefore, that the Pr ° , eg course would be to move for a rule calling uP° ll oi w t of five defendants, who had not pleaded till the take November, to allow cause why they should not t 3 ' e e or notice of trial' as the prosecutors could' forthwith give' why the trial of the indictment, as regarded tb e w hen two, should not be postponed till after Te rn:l ' o llin.; the prosecutors would give notice; and further. _ tr ial upon Mr. Beresford and Mr. Huish to show whY r tu e do ts should not be postponed unless the other dei el m i h 1 11, 1 should consent on the above terms, or unless tirrieti.e- should procure their assent to such notice of trial.__,A7 D ece , " another ground for the application. It wel"-„,e of th e saryo of the on thetrialtc. House of Commons,havetleatte as w attendance officers hand-writer who attended the select committee 0 but there was a resolution of the house that all wl - tbe examined before the house, or before a committee_ with house, were entitled to the protection of the boil! , and respect to anythin? said by them in their evideuujder.ce that no officer or'horthand-writer should gi ve e mitt& in respect of any proceeding before the house or not , no without special leave of the house. There wo t ta ined• h — od Sir t.o F ko . n Th ev es e i r3 g , er me a a lp: o a f re4 , any house sitting, so that no permission could be, ° l 4 whe only for .., 0 a s sen ses termination. He wanted no'delay, but he w" -- + l, atto" of the inconvenience of the beinc , heard smith ore other defendants. Mr. Macaulay % retained by Mr. Huish, and -an 4. orese lit ' they were no t the Justice • Crompton said the rule would ge, Soa) h a s r e it ponement unless Mr. M. Smith consenteo.-lirhad 11 1 ° tihihoorauiftgt3e,hrttocuictomolieskeenilnyt,toibioectosurhuo,otui,oiadanftlouletsoaliiidsotlilicoa iurst l e l: ow, t4l .la'igthetatteerrei° 'Peei adopt w the by Sir F. Thesiger. THE LIBEL ON A LADY. The case of the Queen v. Willmer and Sm ith Fri brought hefore the Court of Queen's Bench cause when the defendants were called upon to show c,e7t phi criminala information should not be filed agsu'llnitar, foir a libel published in that journal on the 0 4 11 ' imputing to a lady of great respectability ill the r ot. bourhood of Liverpool the crime of adultery aith a se id be Mr. ASPLAND, on the partofdefend- qtas' sa id be the ress of did. not appear to justify the libel, but rather to e%P. e a their part their great regret that the libel col:110311/0d should have appeared in the columns of their P 8 P er. of t he begged to state that they did not act as editercserted paper, and the paragraph in question had beer i tted ; without their knowledge, and they deeply r e -,,, r6 0 The editor also joined with the proprietors ill `'`o r st his regret, and all of them withdrew, in the strong': 61 in sible manner, all imputations of every kind col lts T Are a the libel, and they most sincerely and humbly aPl e d to for any annoyance which the parao•na occ 3 s l P the family whom it concerned. 11 P Lord CA.MPBELL : What does the counsel for t he plicant say to the apology ? ro pitY Sir F.THESIGEIL said he could not allow this olV ne r Ole to-pass , without condemning in the strongest 01311 ., i - c tire es iiiipscirlety of which editors of newspapers were soP' e tto 3. guilty in publishing such paragraphs as the one io ( l it i f o rtir It was true that an apology bad been made; boti l ,l l. re s 4 nately r that could not remedy the evil which 1 13 hours e' • been done, nor efface the recollection of t hose und er unhappiness which a most respectable familY gone. Even with regard to the future, it wa s the to there were many persons who would be too prepe t° tL that the charge would never have. been madqtdi which not be some foundation for it ;so that the inise°''„lttors' had been done was almost irrevocable. The - Pre s " were however, had no desire to be vindictive, hey th e anxious,. moreover, to discharge the subject fr et „ o loP minds as,soon as possible; and therefore, after 01 1i e ci iiehlf which had . been made, he (Sir F. Thesiger) wo + AO. and consent that no further proceedings shoAkl be 0f the But, in order that the Court might mark its se? se b a d r e :t offence, he (Sir F. Thesiger) insisted, though. e ho . ' ceived no-instructions on the subject, that tha•r e ;)). the be discharged only on the payment of the cos ts defendants. ac ted 1/14 Lord C.I.OIPBELL said, the prosecutors had• tbe pro liberally and handsomely in withdrawing fro ° ,ified iii secution of such a üblication. No editor w nsj ll, ' na lists inserting such a slander in his journal. Public P t° t o tile had nothing to do with private slanders ; and it was_ as v ot credit of the press that the sanctity of private rife beet now trenched upon. The prosecutors would- b 5 ,,,`. bat, justified in this case in pursuing a more severe-court' pare as it was, the character of the lady would renii it ° aas• and unspotted as he (Lord Campbell) believecl. (lc _ Rule discharged, on the payment 'of costs by i"' fendants. - , v THE RAMSHAY el,,' - ',l" y sir r• I.i fi. In the-Court of Queen's Bench, ci a - - "i,-:a Cerliora.,...'.- SICIER moved for a rule to show, cause r'''; the QuarW should not issue to bring i ) n order Made hff ~ y h e rehi Sessions of Lancashire, on u th a e 30th of June,lBaoed by the it was resolved that the sum of X 53 IS. 6 d' , P a the ttea" order of two magistrates, should be allowed- in i ssl, a surer's accounts. It appeared that, complaint had been made to the Chancellor of thecovety in the - Year Du chY of Lancaster of the conduct. of. Mr. RainshaY, the ~,,‘ , O ill' Court judge at Liverpool. An inquiry stituted;. before the Chancellor and his learned AnayS. (Mr. T. F. Ellis), who sat at Preston for seve t heir Several - 34' the justices attended this. inceirY , with _ tr ibut ed. Was therenr' s set families, and refreshments were very freely dis rip tio These refreshments were not of a very costlY dese the consisting only of sandwiches and wine, but . 0 0 5 pl o l f of amounted to 1:53 7S. Gd. In the first itv3iance, t • 4.. ordered to be paid and charged to the- Oree nD a s cli tic Preston sessions ; but the payment was: afterivaTeo mato lowed by the county sessions. Application was W lijiag A to the Chancellor of the Duchy, who said. be was !,, lea ra t pay for whatever might have been consumed bYllif, oo , 1 71- ,li assessor, which, however, was a very small perl'ol-` in Isl7l for nothing beyond that.. The matter was !•,d tha t t . o before the quarter sessions, when it was PrOP ° ' - gi0 115 ,,,i, mandamus should be applied for to compel the e e mo w pass the account ; upon which an amendmen t w as -1 0 i. of which no notice had been given,.that the.,,,5a'.',.:00170 ° eo f n a i p iti,;: ti A s te e P ,°, be allowed and paid out of the county rate. 11 1 ) plie d to meat was opposed by the gentleman who now a oug ht_., the Court, upon the ground that the expense t i e a °- have been defrayed by subscription. This reee lli sta te carried. , 0 Lord CAMPBELL said he was not aware which authorised such an application of the Sir F. TIIESIGER said the order was bad, h e iitr ed !„ notice of the resolution had been given, as re 9 bet e ' L ~,, tion , d itil ' the 15th and 16th of Victoria,. c. 50. His ---° ' r, ': • fore, was for a certiorari to. bring up the orde view to its being quashed. Rule nisi granted. ~ of THE LAW OF LIBEL. the 0.5'104. Ix the Court of Exchequer, on Monday , ~01 ee ht Galway v. Marshall, was brought before the , pr oareS e This was a demurrer to a declaration in an act y et by a clergyman against the defendant for slal, e iith defendaat having alleged. that theplaintiff was t' t aea 0 5 : of an illegitimate child. te- c tioli Mr. Turner, in support . of the demurrer, con o t A tO • the statements imputed to the defendant were . 0 .. b ie, P_,,,,,. able, because they did not affect the plaintiff ili s in es fession, and they could not be connected wil l n ot e P trle tions as a clergyman. The declaratio n did an d u , , that the plaintiff was a beneficed clerfatalantig ti aLl charge was one which could only affect t not e d AYI' or spiritual court. The learned counsel n„ i 3., in Craven, 10 Q. 13., and James and Brooke, " "*. th e port of his argument. Mr. Baron Parke.-No doubt the beenc hargel at% ilve a r : plaintiff would be actionable if there had, Je lergrioa meat in the declaration that he was a benenee"e„ outer,o the The chief Baron.-If what is said is o° baro in his profession, so as to affect him in thatcher east ro eu law presumes damage ; it does not ill 0"Y,., and, t .siei' lll k. Mr. Baron Alderson.-The case of --- e a Pa.' n l , " decides that it it is not actionable to ell goiarge„tei, a with being incontinent ; but surely such a vow ° man l u r t o . come u mt,i:adeees intodischarge aagainst las i m ni support o h ir o oht i f i s eohf e. i affect him in his profession. I would °a ...,1 tillit tile tor, 1 .5 h ch im arg fo e r ts plaintiffh s e a d c r e e sacred 1 . i i l r a y 001 f IA : ,,e A; such g . „r il l 10.s , h t vo ii : , c o l i n j o l !j i such a man hear the confessions of -.11 Cll ui- P. f the a d boo o e• pronounce absolution in the naraa er ii it b ~ ahe t case of Parrott v. Carpenter, in wi' l.c-. • tiff vc• - e d tho' t that it was necessary to aver that the elliliontend, ~,, set ficed clergyman, had been overruied. ,li, e e ince,,t, lle ff se r 3 if the:words affected the plaintiff in 'Li' line A e " r ived t actionable ; and, under the Church Disc ht be der so rcell, a charge were proved, the plaintiff mfg he w o i ll ia 11 .; his living. To say of a merchant that he , bite ~ pip would be actionable, because it would affect $ .r t ' Or business. So, to say of a bishop that he l ' l ` l o i x o a t m r i e n a e d rl G er r c .t would be fiirly the sub'ect of an action. 1 t hat 11 o ti , Mr. Baron Alderson To say of Lionh9l,, Ile g e e y men -in u 1 Greek. tha t tile tut 0 - The Chief Baron.-To report of a clerpin„, a ll) „ ta te', a common liar would be as injurious to hil,n'''''sucii 9,f 05 0 1 charge, but you could not bring noto i" 1- ,„ genet this sort. bande nt l i•ecl inent. The law of England does encourab- ty . Mr. Baron Parke.-They were so very a 1 _, lt tl i et . time of Queen Elizabeth that the courts n a." I , D cO f retheka.t be acble r he 0 rule to stop such actions. • c the Illie rc' The Chief Baron.-If we were to rel% ,_ a n ol ~ has existed for centuries, it would give ri - e tu -a d ' the ' l e , contentious actions. „ c that ,i,g off` o t The learned counsel went on to err, a . „wi ll 1. ,„ 0 e „ spoken were such as would injure the pl 1 1 ,,1,`;; 1t t s tatv t OP and that there was in the declaration a sutu; , ` fer , tha ier gr e to enab w le re the court to see, and a jurY t°,.,'„inclieed C o f til words e s poken of the plaintiffs as a ",`, d i c tion to man in Buckinghamshire, within they da le bishop of the diocese. would take he Chief Baron said the court we- -...., __ consider its judgment. Judgment deferred. a _......-- .....,—.r._......,_..._. ti JuLLIEN has been appointed one of the ro, lepe distribution of prizes at the New York Exhihi l u i s b. . e ,0 4 PERSONELLE OF OMER PACT-lA.—VW 9 C I/1 ; w ilo ~-1 ,10 ralissimo served in Syria under Admiral NaPi.eiaefittiell' a very high opinion of him. He is a" 11 e rfee t r o o 94 soldier, an excellent horseman, in manners ali o &IP.", tlenaan, and is much beloved by the troops. very little to Mahometan customs—amengo well?' openly drinking wine 0 table. lie hag 1 1 ,...d c anu u cleaves to 011 Q wife, aliAleitrian lady froreTrol'4 otlier t ll , l t;tl, t — lr; , t rid YAr