Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-01-31 00:00:00

mumariar Safes. THIS DAY ""ruts DAY, the 31st instant, at Twelve o'clock, in the Commercial Saleroom, 390 Boxes Port ORANGLS, ex Diton, 30 Ditto Lisbon DITTO, ex Frankfort (s.s.), 80 Cases Palermo' DITTO, 13 Boxes Ditto DI fTO , jex Damascus, 40 Cases Naples LEMONS, ex Taurus (s.s.), 400 Ditto Messina DITTO, ex Express, 300 Bags Turkey NUTS, 100 Ditto Btlboa CHESNUTS, 200 Ditto Para NUTS, 30 Ditto Black Spanish NUTS. GEORGE BADENACH and SON, Brokers MIS DAY, the 31st instant, at Twelve o'clock, at the Broker's Office, 16, Exchange -buildings, Barrels Fine rican ROSIN, landing ex City of Manchester, Am f e rom New York. —Apply to Messrs. Stolterfoht, Sons, and Co., Merchants ; or to J. li. RAYNER and Co., Brokers. TO-MORROW TO-MORROW, the Ist February, at Twelve o'clock, at the Brokers' Office, 16, Exchange - buildings , 0 Tons Thin Oblong LINSEED OIL CAKE, —Apply to Messrs. A. Varuchson and Co., Mer- J. H. RAYNER & CO., Brokers. .tely land 'hants; or to WEDNESDAY 012 WEDNESDAY next, the 2nd February, at One o'clock, at the Brokers' Office. 1, Oldhall-street, About 100 Bales Madras COTTON, sea damaged, And a Quantity of Wet PICKINGS, ex Coquetdale, ying in Albert Dock Warehouses, No. 7. Also, 163 Bales Low American COTTON. iamples to be seen at the Brokers' Office.—Apply to CUNNINGHAM and HINSHAW, Brokers. 3n WEDNESDAY next, February 2nd, at the Brokers' Saleroom, Oldhall-street, 263 Bags Angola, ORCHELLA WEED, 22 Bales Mozambiquo j ust landed, per Hoppet, from Lisbon.—Apply to Messrs. Leech, Harrison, and Forwood, Merchants ; or to ROOKE, OKELL, and SPENCE, Brokers. FRIDAY On FRIDAY next, the 4th February, at Twelve o'clock, at the Broken' Office, 16, Exchange-buildings, 1,000 Bales Fine JUTE, ex Coromandel; lying in Campbell's, Gradwell-street.- Brothers, and Co., Merchants; or to J. H. RAYNER and Co., Brokers Messrs. Field Apply to On FRIDAY next, the 4th February, at Eleven o'clock precisely, on the Quay, East side Brunswick Dock, '136 Logs Cuba M tHOGANY, 101 CEDAR, lately landed ex Dorothea, from Neuvitas. 54 Logs Cuba MAHOGANY, 18 Tons COCUSWOOD, lately landed ex Waybosset, from Santa Cruz, 308 Logs YELLOW PINE, 21,957 Feet, 50 „ ' OAK, 5,576 „ 36 ~ ELM, 2,552 „ 2,710 2nd Quality PINE DEALS, 2,600 2nd „ PIPE STAVES, 8,400 Merchantabte PUNCHEON STAVES, 12 Cords HEMLOCK LATUWOOD, ;bipment, and now landing ex Sea King, from Quebec. J 0,358 SPRUCE and PINE DEALS and SCANTLINGS. 3,955 SPRUCE BOARDS, lately landed ex E. D. Peters, from St. John, N.B. To which will be added Quantities of American WALNUT, BIRD-EYE MAPLE, COCUSWOOD, and ROSEWOOD; also, several' parcels PINE and SPRUCE DEALS, Quebec OAK, ELM, and RED PINE, Pictou BIRCH, &c. On account of the Importers. For catalogues and further particulars apply to DUNCAN, EWING, and Co., Brokers. Symes' @u 2ate, TO LANDOWNERS AND FARMERS. CHESHIRE PHOSPHATE COMPANY have constantly ON SALE Nitrogenised BONE PHOSPHATE, - -Inable fertilisers.—Samples and prices may be had at 3, CABLE-STREET. aid othei valuable feral he Wile( Works J. R CAMERON, CHRONOMETER MANUFACTURER AND OPTICIAN, 54, SOUTH CASTLE-STREET, LIVERPOOL. "MARINE CHRONOMETERS ON R HIRE. GOLD and WA TCHESSILVER SEXTANTS, QUADRANTS, BAROMETERS, TELESCOPES, 4'e CHARTS FROM LATEST SURVEYS. ITISTORY _OF ;WORKING CLASSES, j_ _j_-„ Every Saturday, in the NORTHERN DAILY TIMES, Price ills — Penny WARM WINTER CLOTHING, T HE GENTLEMAN'S OUTFITTING WAREHOUSES. 24,-: warn_ 26, BOLD-STREET. P. L. MACTAGGART. INVERNESS WRAPPERS. OVER COATS. DRESSING GOWNS. DRAWERS. AND VESTS. FANCY FLANNEL SHIRTS RAILWAY RUGS AND PLAIDS. MUFFLERS AND SCARFS. FLANNELS AND BLANKETS. B OYS' WINTER CLOTHING TO CORRESPONDENTS. Under -no circumstances can -we insert communications not accompanied by the author s real name and address, not neces sarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. AMUSEMENTS, MEETINGS, &c.—TIIIS DAY. THEATRE ROYAL—Grand Comic Pantomime. AptramulAraE—English Opera Company. HENGLER'S CIRQUE VARIETE—MiSCeIIaneOUS Attractions ALLSOP'S WAX WORK EXHIBITION (Lime-street THE PARISIAN GALLERY OF ANATOMY, Para( RANDERS' MENAGERIE Foot of Shaw's-broN se-street {E , 4; For particulars see advertisements on Bth page. Elje Ibrtly>rn E into MONDAY, JAR UARY 31, 1859 THE DAY'S NEWS We' had two arrivals on Saturday, with news from'the United States—the Alps and the Africa. The former sailed on the 18th, and the latter on the Agth inst. The Democratic Senators had held a caucus, and it was determined that the COmmit tee on Foreign Relations should report a bill similar to that presented by Mr. Slidell, autho rising the President to purchase Cuba, and placing thirty millions of dollars at his disposal toward that object. It was agreed that the Democratic Senators might vote as they choose when the bill should be brought up. This was for the purpose of accommodating the abstractions of several Southern Senators, as all the Northern democrats mould vote for it. 'The House Committee on Foreign Relations have also resolved to bring in a similar bill, and a lively discussion is expected when it is brought up. A successful revolution h.as.been inaugurated in Hayti, against the Em peror Soulonque, , The,republic was publicly pro claimed on the 23rd *December, and Gen. Jaffard was named provisional president. The insurrection was spreading north and south. All political prisoners had been released, and a decree deprives oulouque of all power. The New York papers publish Mexican news to a late date. The triumvi rate received with favour in the city of Mexico. Depllado had sustained a most disastrous defeat by the troops of Miramon, and was reported as effeetuall f r crushed out. President Robbs ins e t aside, n General Miramon elected to the Exec u ti ve - a ebair in the city of Mexico. These changes are parties remain the onlye in the men. The two the Liberals and Miramol: Juarez as the head of head of the Church party." the present nominal , General Miramon, it will-be recollected, succeeded as com mander of the northern division o recently defeated Vidaurri. After that army, and IPesinent. returned went to the capital, in hopes of becomiat vict°7 he Failing for the time in that intrigue, to the- army, where he was when th e fortune turned. in his favour. While these wheel of ments are going on in the city of Mexico, indicating a. a growing weakness in the Church party, lth tiZ Liberals are making arrangements foragra-n-a coup early in the spring. The tone of the foreign news is perceptibly in , clining more and more to the peaceful, save from Turin, whence we have an announcement of the a ppointment of a commander-in-chief of the Pied /mantes° army. In addition, the words addressed -by the King to the deputation of the Chambers, - who came to congratulate him on his daughter's marriage, are quoted :—" Gentlemen," said he, " the year has commenced well. I have confidence that it will continue so, and end still better." These wards are interpreted to mean that Sardinia may be successful in a war against Austria. According to the Pariii correspondent of the Globe, speculations about peace or war are but waste of-time until the 7th of February, when something definite is looked for in the speech of Napoleon 111. on opening the Corps Legislatif. In the interim, slight fluctuations in the stock market are the only pulsations the political faculty has to watch, and these are influenced by all manner of incidents, the patient being put on a diet of canards. A pamphlet by Felix Germain, " Aurons nous la Guerre ?" was seized, and all copies confiseated in the bookshops, said pamphlet deprecating hostil ities. In point of fact, newspaper people might as well print the speeches in "Paradise Lost," where Moloch and Belial alternately advocate fighting or shirking battle, as indulge in any prophetic announcements on the subject. Parliament will open on Thursday, and the Queen's Speech is looked for with unusual interest, as various measures will unavoidably require to be *embodied in the recommendations from the Throne. Fortunately, the Session of 1858 cleared away several difficulties, which had long wasted an un reasonable amount of valuable time. The India Bill, the admission of Jews to Parliament, the removal of the property qualification to members, and the bill for limiting the liability of joint stock banks,_ were amongst the most important. The question of Parliamentary Reform is probably destined for the battle-field of the House of Com mons, and we shall have numerous speeches to support the bills to be proposed by the Earl of Derby, by Lord John Russell, and by Mr. Bright ; but a general impression gains ground that no bill will be allowed to pass without an appeal to the country. The subject, however, has been so thoroughly ventilated, that it is difficult to imagine how any party can escape from pressing forward their views in such a manner as to render some compromise or amalgamation easy of accomplish- meat. Mr. Bright has been entertained by his fellow townsmen of Rochdale, and he has delivered another of his long speeches on the subject of Reform. After paying the usual conipliments to his audience, the hon. gentleman essayed to"rin dicate himself from the attacks of his critics. From his first appearance at Birmingham, he said; he had changed no epinion he had once uttered. But the press, which received his Birmingham oration with a " hurricane of abuse," thinks his Bradford speech moderate enough. Whence• arose, he asked, this marvellous alteration ? The secret was; the press had been jealous of Mr.• Bright. It wanted itself alone to form public: opinion, and saw with alarm a new man, the representative of a power as yet without influence in the state, attempting to take such work as that of reforming Parliament out of the hands of the Whigs and Tories who had managed affairs so comfortably and decently. Truth, however, is strong, and will prevail ; so, after denouncing him for three months, the press had , now assumed a calmer tone. 14r. Bright then repeated that from the first he had declared himself to 'be in favour of what he calls " the ancient franchise of the country," that every man rated , to• the relief of the poor should have a vote. He proposes to in troduce a clause for giving votes to tenants who pay rates through their landlords ; and . to - retain the restriction now in force that any man 'who does not pay his rates within a certain period shall have his name struck off the register. The death of the Earl of Ripon,. which luts been expected for more than a week, is. at last; announ ced, and the West Riding has to , choose a new member. A Leeds correspondent speaks -of the Right Hon. M. T. Baines, Mr. Monekton Mines, and Mr. Forster, of Burley, as well as of• Sir John Ramsden, as being talked of for candidates; but of these, three at least would have to vacate their seats before they can be eligible, and that step is not at all times desirable, even though it may,pro bably lead to the representation of so important a constituency as the West Riding. East Worces tershire, too, under similar circiimstances..—the succession of Colonel Rushout to ti -peerage,- has to choose a member. The Hon. F: H. Calthorpe has been in the field on the Liberal side for same days, ar.d now there appears to oppose to him Mr. J. S. Pakington, son of the First Lord of j the Admiralty. He announces his principles to be Conservative, but progressive ; and as he believes these are sentiments of the present Ministry- he would give it a general but independent srpport. The Gazette announcement of Mr.' dladstone's appointment as Lord High Commissioner of. the lonian Islands, is immediately followed by another, naming his successor. This gentleman, if we can believe the anti-Ministerial paints, Sir Henry Storks, is described as being a. soldier,_ rather than a statesman, and a man of . energy and strong will. • The local news is not of muck interest this morning. At the Police Court; on Saturday,. five negroes were charged with mutiny, on board the American ship Enoch Train, and with attempting to murder the captain. Four of the prisoners were remanded, the ringleader being sentenced to two months' imprisonment. ' From the report of the Liverpool Sailor Ham e, read at the annual meeting on Saturday, it would appear that that valuable institution is progressing. The number. of boarders last year was nearly 4,500. NEWSPAPER CON TR A S-'TS. One finds endless materials for thinking in the columns of the newspapers,—and strange contrasts among them, ever and. anon. Well• has the Poet said of such a sheet,— " What is it, but a map of busy life, Its fluctuations, and its vast concerns I" It . certainly is all this, literally and truly; ancUt is a great deal more. It is a, valuable popßiar, intelligencer, and therefore a great public instruc tor. Its news, again, is often, more than matched by its admonitions. As a great moralist has with only too much truth observed; of it,—" the follies, vices, and consequent miseries of multitudes, dis- played in its pages, are so, many warnings,somany beacons, continually burning to turn others from, the rocks on which they have been shipwrecked.' Happy, indeed, must it be for society if they prove so. But at present we would speak more immedia tely of its contrasts. As well as " a map of busy life," it is a picture, a panorania of the world in which it appears, and whose chronicle it is ; and one with its lights and shadows,, and its varieties, and its contrasts. It presents a group of objects which combine to make it just such a picture as one of which it has been said that, " to form it right, the figures of the groups must not bo all on a side, that is with their faces and bodies all turned the same way, but must contrast with each other by their several positions." Such, we say, is the picture or panorama of the world which the news paper furnishes day by day. For example,—we had, in scanning the columns of one of them but yesterday, met with many painful records and representations of poverty, of destitution, of misery,—of much that appealed to the charity, of a Christian people—of much sad distress which their liberality could release— of a great deal of varied evil which, were the pecuniary means but at hand, could be removed—much, very mu ch , in different ways, in which one that had money might realise the sacred record, " the bless ing of hi m that Was ready to perish came upon me, and I caus e d t h e Widow's Nvas heart to sing for joy." Money, w e repeat with a alone w an ti ng , by it s dis tributionliberalyeet judicious hand, to in on minister effect ua ll y, shape o r ano th er , t o much of the ills, and many of the sorrows, and • most of the mischiefs At which the feeling heart can scarcely refrain from bleeding, in the daily intercourse with the world. And this money, on the other hand, in some cases, was plentiful enough in various directions, could they who had it, and so liberally squandered it, but direct the distribu tion of some reasonable portions of it to those urgent objects. We had just read, for instance, how much the National Life Boat Institution was doing, in the humane endeavour to preserve life in cases offihip wreck on our coasts,—how that it had lately expended upwards of £B,OOO for that purpose, and had been involved thereby in a debt of more than £3,000. Money, therefore, was pressingly re quired ;—and, " its objects being so truly national and philanthropic, it did not hesitate to recom mend it earnestly and on all occasions to the support of those who are able to render it,"—and this support was never more needed than at present, when, through the extraordinary exer tions the Society has made within the past few years, it has now eighty-one life boats under its management, —since "'to maintain these boats in a state of thorough efficiency a large permanent annual income is absolutely needed, if its humane mission is- to be perpetuated." There was no want of money in , the country, we say,—the evidences of that were. irresistible in the very columns where this appeal appeared. Two of these evidences let us. now adduce, as 'forming, in fact, two of the coittrasts—two of the shadows to the lights —to which we have been referring. The• first was an intimation, that the duty paid on tobacco' and snuff in one year (ending the• 31st March last) was £5,272;474 ; and the second, that the spirit duties in the•year ended` March , last. were £l-1,263,638. Here,• then, we have an expenditure for duties alone upon only two descriptions of articles of luxury —too often of baneful luxury, both: morally and Physically— amounting to upwardS, of sixteen millions and a-half sterling in a single year !—a sum. which would go. a long way towards relieving all our poverty, and destitution.; and misery, and provi ding means , of relief for almost every variety of distress and trouble, that is to. be met with in the kingdom, and of which scarcely a newspaper is ever issued that does not contain some painful records. Here is the money—the people have it, and ins such abundance that they squander it' by the million, and tens of minions, upon mere sensual, and often most pernicious self-indulgencies, —while they see their brotherrhas need, on every hand,. but thus. shut up their compassion from him. Such, then, is one of those Newspaper Contrasts of which we have been speaking, and which constitute, as hath been shown, "so many warnings and so•many beacons,"` would men only give heed to themes they ought to do. EDUCATION, SCIENCE,. AND ART. ALTHOUGH we have a great deal to do yet, in this country, ere it can be said thatwe have done our duty to the people—as regards their-education;- still, it is satisfactory to find that we • are making con siderable progressin. the work, and making it, too, although too desultorily, perhaps,Yet to a tolerably efficient purpose.. • The expenditure in the matters of education, science,. and art,_ daring the pastyear—that is, the amount of grants,from the public, exchequer that have been expended—is set down, we observe,. at, £1,126,607. Of this sum, more than one-half is denominated as for Public Education in Great . Britain by itself, and rather more than a fifth of it in. Ireland, and this almost entirely for the schools provided for the poor.. About £17,000 - more is appropriated, we perceive, to those Universities which may be said to belong more especially to the people at large, such as. the University of London, the Univer sities in Scotland, and the Queen's Univer sity and Queen's Colleges in Ireland. The great Universities of Oxford and Cambridge do not, of course, participate in anywise in.such grants—are not supported in any degree out of the public exchequer ; their Regius Professorships being : , the only state contributions they receive. Oxford bas its twenty-four Colleges and Hulls, and Cambridge its seventeen, which have severally their, own independent revenues,. mostly arising from endow ments made in the periods. of their respective foundations. So,that it' is,, as it ought to.be, for those, and those only, who are unable to-provide themselves with the means for their. education, that the public - - money is expended. And. there has been a very_ great increase in the amount- of these education, grants. within the last few years. It is not more than twenty years, ig we remember rightly, since a grant of £30,000; was thought sufficient for the purpose in Great Britain. Now it is upwards of £660,000. This is the sum granted last year, and it is an increase upon the former year of more than £lOO,OOO. The details of this expenditure for Public Education show that the work. is going on at no laggard rate. For instance, nearly £120,,000 has been expended in the year in building, enlarging, repairing, and furnishing Elementary Schools, and an equal amount for the same purposes on Normal Schools. Then another large proportion went for books, maps, and diagrams , and also for scientific apparatus,—all indicating practical progress in the great business of national education. The salaries of teachers and assistant teachers for the grants to Training. Colleges, and to Refornntory .and Industrial Schools,—all these outlays have required greatly augmented means ; and their having done so is one very decided proof that the education that is being promoted by these public' grants is of that sort which is most urgently needed in the present cir cumstances of the country. There is one depart.. ment we should like to see have more atten tion paid to it,—that of the Ragged Schools. The Committee of Council on Education now recognise them, and to a limited extent they participate in the grant the Committee are empow ered by Parliament to dispense. But we think might, with incalculable advantag e , receive much greater assistance than they h ave yettthat they atdone. It is not to be wondered. at, that the Schools of the Established Church should obtia the greater proportion of this wawa' Parlialugntary grui. THE NORTHERN TIMES MONDAY, JANUARY 31, 1856 They receive, indeed, a larger - amount than those of all the other religious bodies put together. Out of £663,435 last year, the Church Schools received £357,597,—0r more than one-half. This was not done by any undue favour or partiality towards these Schools, - for the grant is open to all alike, that can comply with the conditions upon which it is distributed ; but it arises from the greater ability of members of the Church of England—and perhaps also their greater zeal and liberality—to furnish the voluntary resources that are required by the Committee of Council. The British and Foreign School Society obtained the next largest amount, .namely, upwards of £50,000; and the 'Wesleyans the next—nearly £33,000. With re ference to the Church Schools, it may be observed, by the way, that they are mostly under the direction of the " National Society for Promoting the Education of the Poor in the Principles of the Established Church." And we observed in the Times only a day or two since a notice of this educational institution, which showed it to be in a very efficient state, It appears that the Society has just completed its decennial inquiry into the statistics connected with Church Schools through out England and Wales,. The number of scholars in Churcli of England Week-day, Sunday; and Evening Schools is reported to be 1,672,445 ; or about 8.61 per cent. of the entire population of England and Wales. In 1847, the date of the Society's previous inquiry, the per tentage of the population. under instruction in. Church of England Schools. was 8.25, There are at present 1,187,086 scholars in. Church of England; week-day Schools; 1,093,070. in Sunday Schools and nearly 55,000' in Evening. Schools. The number of evening; scholars has more than' doubled since 1847. The returns embrace other particulars ; especially as T • regards teachers, pupil teachers,. and annual income. The results of the inquir3(bear striking testimony to--the accuracy of the report and tables of the census- of education in 1851,, which were issued by the- Registrar-General in 1,854. They also, it must be . admitted, show a most-satisfactory progress in the great national work- of Public Education. Turning to the other branches of our subject, those of Science and Art, although we have much fewer . details of the public efforts that are being made therein, yet there is •in the very enumeration of the objects to which the Phrliamentary grants for the purpose are applied; evidence of the growing interest that is taken in the matter, and the more varied and. more powerful means which are employed in their promotion among the people. Somewhere about £215,000 was last year expended in that direction,—priucipally in-the extension and support- of such public institutions as the British Museum, the National Gallery, the Royal Society, the Royal. Geographical Society,. the Museum of Practical Geology, and for. Scientific Works-and Experiments. A great deal more ought certainly to be done than even.all this. Greater facilities ought, to be afforded to the working classes to acquire scientific and! art knowledge; We do not see,incleed, why such institutions as the Mechanics' Institutes, which are so eminently calculated to benefit.these classes,. and through.them society at large, should not participate in the grants which Parliament votes for the advancement of. Seiencc and Art. The whole subject is one of vast national interest and importance. Our countrymen ought to be made the best educated people in:the worlcE They have the Capacity for being so;: and the country itself has the means of effecting it: Our free insti tutions, which, are now continually being made freer still, require that they who 'are to enjoy their privileges should be capable of: doing so to their own advantage, and for the common good. Under such institutions public opinion cannot but be omnipotent;.: and to be a wholesome and safe, it must be au, enlightened public. opinion. Besides this, there- are moral and social considerations which render it imperative to•have the great body of the people made virtuous and intelligent by proper education and training; and the State is bound to.see that they have every opportunity of obtainiug f such inestimable benefits. THE HOURS OF . LABOUR Tlizsagitation that is on foot for the reduction. of the-daily period of labour in certain occupations to nine hours a day, is not one, we humbly think, that is calculated to► benefit the working elapses. At present the clamour appears to proceed mainly from some of those: engaged in the several building trades. They had another noisy meeting in London a_ few days since, and its. proceedings were certainly not altogether of a character to afford any hope• either of the object being a good one, or of those- who are urging it on being the kind of persons likely to prove the working man's real friends and benefactors. This fact, in such a case, is a very important one.. We know nothing of the parties beyond what they show us of them selves. But this were quite enough to create dis trust. They are clamourers agitators. We should very much suspect that they were men wha are fonder of that pursuit than of their regular business callings. And it is as the sincere well-wishers of the working classes ourselves, that we cannot refrain from cautioning them against the machinations of those who neglect or forsake their legitimate avocations, and take up the profession of traders in grievances. They are too often the patrons, nay, the promoters of tumults. " Strikes" very generally owe their origin, and their continuance, to such characters. They will not regard the salutary precept,— " That ye study to be quiet, and to do your own business, and to work with your own hands. " Their whole course runs counter to it. They study to be noisy and turbulent—they are forward and meddlesome in other men's affairs—and they seek to live, not on the work of . their own hands, but on those whose exaggerated, and often pre tended wrongs, they abandon their lawful calling to traffic upon. • We do not dispute the right of every working man, be his trade what it may, to make the best arrangements he can with his employer, whether as to time or wages. But then neither must we question the right of the employer to do the same. Their relation to each other rests upon a contract, or mutual promise. They enter into a mutual engagement. Each knows, or ought to know, his own interest, and he seeks to secure it, in the agreement, as much as it is practicable to do. Whatever is expected on one side, and known to be so expected by the other, is to be deemed a part of the contract. Such engagements are altogether voluntary, on either side. The employer's autho rity over his workman extends no further than the terms or equitable construction of the contract will justify. If his terms are, say ten working hours a day, the workman enters into his contract with him for such daily amount of his time, at wages proportionate thereto, according to the present current rate of payment for such labour or skill as he has for so many hours to bestow. The employer of labour is bound, certainly on moral and religious grounds, to have a becoming care and concern for those he employs. If masters expect good will from their workpeople, or their servants in any capacity, they must "do the same thing unto them." The pro ducers of what they turn to more profitable account than generally accrues to the labour and toil of it, are on every principle of justice, and equity, and benevolence, entitled not only to their due reward, but to proper respect and consideration.. "The labourer is worthy of his hire,"—worthy of it in itself, and of all that it involves. There are: fear ful judgments denounced against such employers as " oppress the hireling in his wages." So. far from oppressing him, indeed, he ought to encou rage and sustain him, remembering that it is his industryewhich is the basis of his own prosperity. It is that which provides him with all the means at his disposal.. A man may be a great land owner; but it is. not his merely being such that makes him rich, to any practical i purpose ; for it is not the land, but the labour employed upon it, that gives him his rents, without which he would probably be poorer than the labourer himself. Surely, then, the one is entitled to consideration from the other. Dr, PALEY has put the case- of. employers and the employed thus pleasantly-, yet forcibly, inshis " Political Philosophy": -- A party of friends Setting out together upenua journey, soon found it to be the best for all sides that, • while they are upon the road, one. of their company should wait upon.the rest ; another ride forward to seek out lodgings and. entertainment ; a third carry the portmanteau ; a fourth take charge of the horses; a fifth bear the purse, conduct and direct the route; _ not forgetting; however, that,- as they were equal and independent when, they set oat, so-they are all to return to a level again , at their journey's end. The same-regard and respect;: the same forbearance, lenity, and reserve in using their service ; the same mildness in delivering commands; the same study= to make their journey comfortable andpleasant, which he whose lot it was to direct the rest would, in common decency, think himself bound to observe towards them,. ought we to show towards those who,. in the casting of the parts of human society, happen, to be placed, within our power, or - to depend upon us. Of course it is the journey. of life, which we have all to , travel, that.is here supposed, and ins which every one is to do his- duty, according- to the station therein.to which it has pleased Providence to call But there- is nothing in all this to make it becoming in workmen either to dictate the - hours of labour which their employers are to adopt, or to seek to compel their fellow-workm,en .to,' insist upon such hours. The employer has a right to determine that point for himself—so long as he does so reasonably and fairly—wherever he employs labour forstated periods, .and pays for it accordingly, —and even where he contracts for piece -work, if irregularity or dilatoriness in what was to .be done might be inconvenient or injurious. Of course the engagement is altogether a voluntary one, on both sides,—there is to be no compulsion. The agita tors for- the " nine hours' movement;" - as it is called—that is, for• having nine hours the daily period of their labour—pretend that the- present period; of ten hours: is. oppressive and: injurious, and they have passed. a resolution, that " the present number of hours devoted to.labour are far too many, both for the mental and physical powers of the working classes, and that unless a re-adjustment be levised, the health• and intelli- gence of the, artisans must become seriously im paired, muchl to , the disadvantage of the general welfare of• society." But we. do. not think they will obtain any very general concur rence in such an. idea as this.. The reasonable ness of ten. hours, out of the twenty-four ; devoted. to labour, has been. tested success fully through,too many ages. of the world to be resisted, or questioned, with any propriety at this time of day.. But, at any rate, they who mis takely think otherwise, and seek, however impracticably, to have their own industry limited in that way, have no; right to intimidate_ those who are not so unreasonable or so fanciful as themselves, and are content with the hollers which tl7 and their fOrefathers before them have. always devoted to their daily toil., If the less industrious portion are secured in earning the same wages for nine hours as they now get for ten hours a day, all well and good. But it is a bargain to which the employer of labour must be a party, as well as the labourer himself. And if the other; either from finding he cannot afford it, or that his business would be deranged or injured by it, is averse to such a limitation, with its unavoidable concomitants,—or if other workpeople are unwilling to concur in the proposal,--they have no right to have recourse to an agitation which must involve disunion and dissent in their trade, if not intimidation and violence, to endea, your to effect their purpose.• In our humble opinion they are wrong in the object they seek ; but that they are wrong in the course of turbulent agitation they are pursuing, with the view of forcing their object, there can be no question whatever,—and they are therefore the true friends of the working classes who discourage such a proceeding. LOCAL INTELLIGENCE. A HINT TO ,BRITISH SHIPBUILDERS. —Ts there no enterprise left among the shipbuilders of England ? We hear month after month that steamers are coming and coming, but they do not come ; and the India General Steam Navigation Company declares this month a divi dend of 100 and upwards per cent. Nobody at home seems able to comprehend that there is a traffic on the Ganges such as has never been seen there since the days of the Hindoo sages. Even the home Government do not understand it. They wen indented ou the other day for six river steamers. They sent one, which they said would be sufficient. Next month the Indian government had to engage all the freight of six, ter two trips? at a pries which would have bought the new vessels thef wanted twice over. - I saw a professional estimate the other day which proved that there was room and work for throe hundred steamers on the Ganges alone. Nor is the figure wonderful if you will recall the number on the Mississippi, and remember that if the Ganges is smaller, it flows through a territory with a pOpulation of 350 to the square mile, an export trade of 16,000,000, and an i n t erna l trade which no man can measure.— Calcutta Letter. ACCIDENT.—On - Saturday last a boy, named James Doran, residing in Chisenhale-street, fell from the stage of a vessel, in the Bramley-Moore dock, into the dock, and thereby sustained a severe contusion of the brain. CRESCENT CHAPEL LITERARY SOCIETY.—The usual weekly meeting of the above society was held in the school-room, William Henry-street, on Wednesday even ing last, when Mr. John W. Reader read an essay, entitled:" Philosophy." Although it is the month of January, 1859, most people admit we are living in hard times, hence it shonld be the study of every one to ask themselves the question, " How can I save my money ?" We reply, without hesitation, bay your steel pens and other sta gy tionery, at E. T. Halrs wholesale steel _pen warehouse, 23, South John-street. John Gillett's, Thomas Low" G. W. Hughes, and other maker's pens at is per gross ,. Good Pen Holders 2d per dozen. MUTILATED SEAMEN.---011 Saturday last seven seamen, from on board the ship Neptune, now lying in the river, were conveyed to the Northern Hospital, suffering from frost bites and wounds, and wen t we are infortae4 _sub jected to ill-treatment while on board the ship. Yester day morning one seaman was brought from on board the vessel and placed in the dead house, but the cerise of death is. not yet ascertained. An gtiquest, however; will be held . this day, when the particulars of this somewhat mysterious affair will be brought to LIVERPOOL ROYAL INFIRMARY. Return for week ending Jan. 29th, 1859. Admitted : in-patients 36 ; out -. patients, 14;. surgical casualties, 16 . Discharged: cure 4 20 ; relieve 4 and at own request, 5; made out-patiente? 6 ; irregular, 1; dead, 0; remain in the house, 200. For the ensuing week. Visitors : Messrs: M. C. JoneS ' and W. Gregson • physician, Dr. Dickinson ; sur 4 aeon, Mr. Long; house surgeon, • Mr. T. S. Walker ; junior house surgeon,. Mr.. J. Allen; chaplain;.Rev. H. J . Garrod, A.B. Rehert Hutchison, treasurer.. FIRE IN WEST DERRY.' —Yesterday morning; between' the hours of four and five o r elock, a fire broke out in the free schools, West Derby, from what cause is as yet unaccounted for. An , engine 'was despatched from - Hatton Garden, but the fire• had gained considerable way before the engine arrived, and the schools were completely gutted. The fire ality extended itself to a stable, in which was a horse, at - the rear of the building, and the animal was burnt to death, and considerable damage done to the stable. We understand' that the schools belonge d to . the Earl of Sefton, and are covered by insurance. THE LANCASHIRE REFORMERS' UNION.-=THE AP PROACHING CONFERENCE WITH MR. BRIGHT.—Thir conference of the friends of reform, to be held in.the Free-trade Hall Assembly Room, to-morrow (Tuesday) , afternoon; with a view to secure the united efforts Reformers in Lancashire, promises-to be numerously arm' influentially attended. Already deputations are arranged' to be present from the principal towns in the country;' including Liverpool, Bolton Bury, Blackburn, Oldham,' Rochdale; Preston, Lancaster, Stalybridge, Ashton,. Sto4pert, Warrington, Todmordeni Rawtenstall, BacuPt Accrington, Chadderton, &c. The conference is likely to' prove the most important yet held on the Reform ' question.. BILLS FOR RAILWAYS AND BORLIC IMPROVEMENTS. —On Friday the examiners, Messrs. Smith and Frere, declared that th e s t an di ng or d ers o f b ot h Houses 01., Parliament had been complied with in respect to the following Bills : Before Mr. Smith : Fishguard Har bour Improvement ; Travellers' and Marine Insurance and Accidental Death Insurance Companies ; Bury St. Edmunds Gas-; Droitwich Roads ; Hinckley and Mel bourne Roads ; Shepton Mallet Waterworks; Manches ter, Sheffieldi and Lincolnshire Railway (Station at Manchester) ; Hertford, Luton, and .Danstable Railway: Poole and Bournemouth Waterworks. Before Mr. Frere : - Tottenham and Edmonton. Gas; Tralee and Killarney Railway; Cork Butter Market • ' People's Pro vident Assurance Society ; Falmouth Docks and .1-La bour ; 'Leeds and Huntslet Road ; Liverpool No/ Exchange Buildings ; Liverpool Sanitary Amendment Act ; Isle of Wight Ferry ; North Western Railway of Ireland; Londonderry Bridge. THE LONDON SERJEANT WHO ELOPED.—On Saturday, at the Bow-street Police Court (London), John Joseph Duigan, late serjeant of the E division of police, who was on Friday tried and acquitted on a charge of felony, wa s again brought before Mr. Henry, charged with leaving his employment without notice. Superintendent O'Brien, E division, proved that the defendant absconded on the 29th of December, and was absent from duty on the 30th, and ever- since, Mr. Lewis, jun. (Lewis and Lewis), who appeared for the prisoner said there was no doubt he absented. hims e lf f rom duty,. but he hoped that, considering that Duigan had lost his position as serjeant , had subjected himself to a trial. for another offence, and had brought on himself considerable disgrace and; infamy, he (Mr. Lewis) hoped the magistrate weld" : take into account that the prisoner-had already suffered a greatdeal, ,and would therefore not, inflict a very heal' penalty. His Worship would not,,pf course, be influenced by any circumstances connected with the charge on which.the prisoner had been tried, Mr. Henry observed , that the prisoner was liable to be tried on that matter. He got off on the ground that there was no evidence to go to a jury of any felony in Middlesex, and that there— fore he ought to have been. tried- in Lancashire, ill; which county (at Liverpool) the pnoperty was found his possession. - He might be tried again in Lancashire , Mr. Lewis: Precisely so, sir.. That is still hanging over' his head. Superintendent &Brien had no instructions UP prosecute again` Mr. Henry. could not see that there' was any ground for mitigation, He shou'd inflict the' full penalty of V, or one month's imprisonments in' default. The fine was immediately paid. a N r: xl. a meeting of the Council on. Wednesday next, as- th e sumTmaponsCohuasNebmeeOnNislsVuEer:—ESYDLoul second quarterly meeting of.the Council, and as a monthly and special Council, to take into consideration and determin e summoned -The upon the following subjects :1. The proceedings? resolutions, and reports.of the finance committee, cempat inc , —Recommendation that, in consequence of the death oeMr. Fox, the staff of. the surveyor's . office be arranged a s follows :—Mr. S. B._ Parry,. assistant, with the .following f t o o ll a o t w te il a duties, viz., the charge of the estate plans, the registe r of leases, the survey of property for new leases, and the examination of acconnts for work done by tradesmen , salary, £2lO ; Mr. G. H. Rollett, as p r inc i p a l draughts'', man, with the charge of buildi ngs i n p rogress , an d - or repairs of property in possession, salary. £2lO ; Mr' Anthony Watson, at present and since 18.0.1., a supernu merary clerk, as. assistant draughtsman, salary £130; the consideration of which was postponed at the last monthly council, pursuant to the standing orders.—Be— tolution of magistrates recommending ; that the salaries of Mr. T. M. Anderton and Mr. Richard Ellis, clerks ill' the magistrate s ' clerks office, be increased from £l5O to £2OO per annum each. Report on, the probable income' and expenditure of the Corporatio n , for the year tom"' mencing Ist September last, and ending alst Ant.is t next ; and consideratio n o f th e propriety of voting gratuities to the public charities.—Also the proeeedieg s of the following committees :—The watch, lighting,. fire police, fire-prevention, ha c k ne y carr i age, li oe nsiUg , anl gas oommittees. The health committee, corn' prising recommendation that Mr. John J on es be appointed Assistant Surveyor in the Borough Engi:. neer's daparment f or th e north district, In place Mr. Richard Blades, deceased, at the salary, of £l5O per annum. Proposed bye-law for improving the s anitart condition of courts andalleys. The courts of law an St. George's Hall committee, comprising recommenda tion that a further charge of £1 be made for the use of St. George's Hall for an e' ening performance, such sum to be paid to Mr. M'Kenzie, for his personal atten- dance in charge of the machinery' for warning . Oil ventilating. The markets' committee, comprising- - • 1. Report of the sub - committee on collection of rend of shops, stalls, &c., and recommendation to appoint a general superintendent of all the markets, at A salary not exceeding £3OO per annum. 2. Recom mend ition to appoint Jane Kneale t o the situation of female superintendent of the upper tier of conveniences attached to St. John's Market, at the wages of 12s per week. The education committee& Comprising recommendation to increase . the salaries of William Hig,nett and Thomas Robinson, teachers at the S ou th school, the former from £3O to £4O, and the latter from £4O to £5O per ann um , the c , nsideration of which was posponed at the last monthly Council, pursuant to the standing orders. The gaol and house of correction committee, and of the Town - . hall establishment committee, comprising recommenda tion to accept the tender of Mr. Joseph Bretherton, to horse the Mayor's carriages, an I prov i de men a nd materials for three years, at £440 per annum. The gardens, library, and museum committee. 1. The Ist: ing of a rate under the provisions of " The Liverpoo l Library and Museum Act, 1852." 2. Recommendation to lay out £lOO instead of .£5O, previously .named for the alterations reqnired at the Mount Gardens. The water committee and of the baths' committee. The Mayor's, communications, comprising-1. Letter from lessees of land at Birkenhead, calling attention to the Parliamentary notices of the Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire_ Junction Rail way C ompany as to stopping up a portion o f the Corporation-road, or Canning-street, Birke4ead,