The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1840-12-15 00:00:00

treaty with the Brazils effectually precludes us from showing any preference to Manilla, Java, Siam, St. Domingo, or any other free labour countries. Are the manufacturers of Manchester prepared to give up the reciprocal advantages secured to us by that treaty? The Guardian concludes its reply to us by asserting that this country has been encouraging free labour in our own colonies during the last six years. Where is the proof ? As far as our Whig rulers are concerned, as we have before remarked, every possible obstacle has been thrown in the way of the successful working of the free labour system in the West Indies. Even in the very last session of Parliament the claims of the West India planters were contumeliously rejected by the Whigs. Nothing, in fact, has been effectually done in order to secure an adequate supply of immigrants for our colonies, though it has been proved that hun dreds of thousands of such immigrants are ready and willing to accept of the terms which the planters have offered. Something, however, must speedily be done, or we shall witness the final ruin of the West Indies. The friends of humanity must force this subject upon the attention of the legislature. As a copy of the letter of the Rev. J. Clark, in refe reference to the Pastoral Aid Society, has already been made public, we feel at liberty to depart from our original intention, by giving it insertion in our own columns ; and this we do the more readily because our "candour" has been impeached in consequence of our having suppressed it on Friday. Our principal reason for declining to publish it, in the first instance, was a disinclination to pursue the controversy any further. We feel assured that the publication of Mr. Clark's letter will do no harm to any one but himself. It will be seen that we have given insertion to a spirited reply to Mr. Clark's injudicious effusion. As we have no wish to protract the dispute we shall content ourselves with a mere reference to the letter of " A Lay Member of the, Pastoral Aid Society,". and with an expression of our concurrence with its language and sentiments. We have occasionally heard good conservatives, and good Protestants too, advance the opinion that the cause of conservatism is damaged by introducing reli gious discussion into political questions. We are allowed to controvert statements of facts, to attack the principles and expose the fallacies which our opponents put forth. We may even use occasionally the argumen tum ad hominem. But we must allow the religious opi nions of our adversaries to remain sacred from assault. Whether Turk or Mahomedan, Socinian or Papist, we must judge of the man by his actions or by his pro fessions, and exclude altogether from our notice his religion or the religion of his supporters. It is something akin to this spurious liberality which inclines many of our moderate conservatives to depre cate the zeal displayed by a portion of our clergy in denouncing the tenets and the practice of the Romish church. "Leave religion alone," exclaim these timid churchmen. " Leave religion alone," echo the friends of dissent and the professors of no religion. "Itis a po litical quarrel which we have to maintain ; and with political Weapons it ought to be maintained." But is the fact so, we ask ? Is the quarrel, between conser vatism and modern radicalism, a political one merely, or, if so, is it fought by our opponents with weapons purely of a political nature ? Far from it, we reply; and the reason why conservatism, in warring with whig-radicalism, directs so great a portion of her strength against popery, is that Whig-radicalism sym pathises with popery, fosters popery, and is supported by, and allied with, popery! The power of that dark apostacy over the pe►sons and the consciences of its slaves whig-radicalism eagerly seeks to profit by, and to direct against our present Protestant constitution. The experience of the last few years shews, too, that popery, in any political contest, is a powerful and effi cacious ally. She allows no dissensions amongst her flock ; no differences of opinion; no splitting of hairs, which so fatally weakens the protestant interest. The followers of the Church of Rome, led on by their spiri ritual superiors or lay fuglemen, throw the whole weight of their body into the scale; and are ready, when called upon, even to lay aside the most powerful considerations of worldly interest, as insignificant when placed in opposition to the supposed interests of their church. Their political conduct is made an intrinsic portion of their religious faith. Surely, then, when this is so notoriously and, evidently. the case, it will be perceived that we cannot break down the political power which popery at present exercises in the state, except by destroying the chain of ignorance and superstition by which she leads on her blind dupes to perform her insidious behests ! But let us see how our opponents treat this alleged mingling of religion and politics when practised by themselves. Do they deprecate in their own case what Mr. Rosson terms the agitation of the Priesthood ? Is the gag of the law to be applied to "their Reverences," as well as to our Protestant Clergy ? Not at all. We find the Morning Chronicle—the leading organ of the ministerial party boldly declaring that it is the bounden duty of the Popish Priesthood to use their spiritual authority—and how great that is we need not be told now—to coerce, if necessary, the political con duct of their flocks. In a leading article on Saturday last, upon the subject of the Carlow election, amidst a mass of frantic railing against the Protestant land owners of the county, we find the following passage, which is pretty significant of the "liberal" view of the extent to which priestly interference in political matters may be carried when it is exercised in favour of the whig radical party :—" The Priest ought to warn the voter against the sin against religion (!) which he commits in voting for a man who seeks to promote what is destructive to the best interests of his country." Here, at any rate, we find no mawkish sensitiveness displayed—no begging of the question. The Romish Priest—favoured man !—may enter boldly and openly into the -field of politics; become a political agent and even a canvasser. He may warn the voters of the sin against religion, which they commit in presuming to think for themselves. Warn them !—threaten them, would be the fitter word, and yet the Protestant Clergy man, far from seeking to enter thus actively into the strife of politics, is not even to denounce and expose this fearful and blood-cemented system, lest he should be reproached with having a political object in view! Let us bear in mind, too, the fact that the course of policy which the Catholic Priesthood consider con ducive to what our ministerial chronicler calls, " the best interests of their country," is that which they deem to be most calculated to advance the interests of " their Church," and the destruction of every other establishment and creed. The Romish Priest has no country. The supremacy of his own faith is the first and last object of his thoughts. In his devotion to " the Church " is absolved every tie of affection, of relationship and of country ; and his political views are directed as his spiritual training teaches him to direct them to one sole object—the temporal and spiritual triumph of the Roman Catholic Faith! Against such an opponent it is mere childish ab surdity nay worse —to argue that Protestantism should be restrained from using, in self-protection, every influence and every opportunity which her present position affords her. How soon a tame sub mission to the inroads of Popery would remove that 'opportunity we shall not speculate ; but at present, we thank Heaven, she is not gagged ! ROYAL INSTITUTION SCHOOL, The following letter, together with the state dress of a doctor in divinity of Cambridge, and a full suit of canoni cals, were presented on Friday last to Dr. Iliff, head -master of the Royal Institution School, by his present pupils : " REVEREND AND HONOURED SlR, — The conclusion of the seventh year since you have presided over the Royal Institution School, as head-master, seems to offer to your pupils a favourable opportunity to express their respectful admiration of the talent which has raised the school to its present high rank, and their grateful sense of the unwearied real and kind interest which you have ever shewn for the welfare of those who have been entrusted to your care. We, therefore, the undersigned, have been deputed by our schoolfellows to request your acceptance of the accompany ing present, being the academical costume of a doctor in divinity, together with a suit of clerical robes. We hope that you will honour us by wearing them on the anniversaries of the school, and on other appropriate occasions. " With sincere and earnest wishes that you may continue to enjoy many years of health and happiness in the high and important station which you so eminently adorn, we beg leave most respectfully to subscribe ourselves, reverend and ho noured sir, your grateful and attached pupils, " W. LIGHTFOOT, I on behalf { Ist and 2d, 7 2; "R. CHILTON, Upper & Low. 3d, 4 1 " C. LUMB, of the 4th, sth, and 6th C...) " Royal Institution School, December, 1840. " To the Rev. F. Iliff, D.D., Head -master of the I Royal Institution School, Liverpool." We are informed, from very respectable authority, that Mr. Hepworth is very successful in his operation of the cure of squinting.—Vide advertisement. LOCAL NEWS DEATH OF A CHILD FROM DRINKING RUM.—On Friday an inquest was held before the coroner, P. P. Curry, Esq., on view of the body of a child, four years old, who died under the following circumstances. The parents of the de ceased, Francis and Mary Norton, lodge in a house in School lane. The father of the deceased was afflicted with rheuma. tism, and a friend had given him a bottle of strong rum, containing some mixture, for the purpose of rubbing himself. On Tuesday afternoon the deceased was left alone in the apartment of her parents, and by some means or other got to the mixture used by her father, and drank so copiously as to occasion death the following afternoon. MELANCHOLY CASE OF HYDROPHOBIA.—It is our pain ful duty this week to have to publish a most melancholy and dio - ressing case of hydrophobia, which occurred at Flook burgh, near Cartmel, during the past week. The individual ho has fallen a v ctim to, this fatal and direful malady is a young woman named Drinkall, and who at the time resided with her parents in Flookburgh. It will be within the re collection of many of our readers, that about seven weeks ago a dog in a rabid state caused great alarm in the neigh bourhood of Ulverston, and many other places which it visited, having during its mad career bit many individuals, as also several dogs, the latter of which in most cases were destroyed at the time. In passing through Flookburgh it bit two children, as also the unfortunate young woman whose melancholy death we are now about to notice. Im mediately after she had received the bite, which was a severe laceration of the calf of the leg, Mr. Gaskarth, surgeon, of Cartmel, was called in, who cut out the part affected, and used all the means in his power to prevent any further cause for alarm; and from that time until Friday the 4th instant, the young woman was considered to be going on well, when. melancholy to relate, on the following day symptoms of hy drophobia began to be manifest, and until the Monday fol lowing her sufferings were heartrending beyond description, on the evening of which day death put a period to her con vulsive struggles.—Preston Pilot. ELIJAH Rows—This notorious individual, who has been incarcerated in Kirkdale gaol upwards of three months, awaiting his trial for burglary at the next assizes, and who was so intimately mixed up in the circumstances of the Wi gan-lane murder, expired, we understand, on Thursday last, in the gaol hospital. He has been almost from the very first day of his imprisonment gradually wasting away in a con sumption. Anderton, we hear on the contrary, is in excel lent health and spirits.— Wigan Gazette. SOUTHPORT.—We understand that it is in contemplation to establish public markets in this place, the want of which is a great inconvenience to the inhabitants. We believe that a meeting of a number of the most influential residents has already been held on the subject, when resolutions in favour of the measure were unanimously adopted, and directed to be presented to Sir Peter Hesyeth Fleetwood, Bart., and Sir Henry Bold Hoghton, Bart': the lords of the manor, re questing their co-operation in the attainment of this impor tant object, which we have no doubt will be readily obtained. —Preston Chronicle. Sin JOHN GERARD'S HOUNDS.—A fine stag was un carted near Mr. Bretherton's estate, at Rainhill, the other day. The hounds were put on in a short time after, when a gallant run of about 10 miles took place, after which the noble animal found refuge in a garden, and was safely secured. There were about 50 gentlemen in scarlet ; many from Liver?ool, Warrington, &c.; also a great display of the beauty and fashion of the county. CAUTION TO BUILDERS.—Mr. Rushton, surveyor of buildings, appeared on Friday, at the police-office, to prefer a complaint against Mr. Ellis, architect, for an offence against the building improvement act. The sur ve y or sta t e d th at M r . Ellis was putting in some window fronts in Berry-street, which exceeded the size laid down by the act, without the support of an iron story-post, after having been served with notice so to do. A letter from Mr. Ellis was put in and read, from which it appeared that the omission of a story post was inadvertent, and that the work had proceeded nearly to completion before notice had been served ; and notwith standing the want of a story-post, the beam which supported the superstructure was sufficient to bear ten times the weight which it sustained. Mr. John Longrig, clerk to Mr. Ellis, stated that the beams were put in under the direction of Mr. Ellis, four months ago, and that the surveyor had notice of the building before the alteration was made, and that there had been no objection to the beams or the state of the work until the 30th of November, when the work was nearly com pleted, when Mr. Ellis received notice that he must insert a story-post; the superstructure was perfectly secure. Mr. Rushton (the surveyor) said that he had served Mr. Ellis with a notice, immediately upon learning that it was not his intention to insert a story-post. As to the safety of the building this was questionable, as the iron beam which sup ported the superstructure might be honey-combed. Mr. Rushton (the magistrate) ordered a story-post to be inserted within fourteen days. Suspicious CASE.—Several letters have been received in this town from parties professing to reside in London, con veying orders for the purchase of goods, produce, &c. to be supplied from this port to the Isle of Man, Jersey, or Ham burg, and it is to be feared that some of our townsmen have been caught in this trap. Any description of goods or pro duce is suited to the taste of the writers of the letters ; for instance, one house is requested to send soap and glass bot tles ; another tin plates; a third, coffee, turpentine, and flour, and so on, taking in ne a rly the whole ca t a l ogue o f com merce and trade. Now, what appears very remarkable in this case is, that similar letters are written from Liverpool, by a firm of precisely the same style, to various ports of the kingdom with similar orders, but often more extensive, as they include Yorkshire, Lancashire, as well as other manu factured articles suited to every market in the world. As there is no such firm known in Liverpool as the one assumed for this splendid plan of operation, there is some suspicion that all is not right, so that those who are honoured with the favours of snail correspondents may be on their guard.—Cor respondent of the Albion. CITY OF DUBLIN STEAM COMPANY.—We understand that the City of Dublin Steam-packet Company have de cided on laying down two new steamers immediately, to run, in conjunction with their unrivalled vessels the Prince and Princess, to and from Kingstown. As the utmost speed that can be obtained is determined on without regard to expense, the contracting parties are bound, under heavy penalties, to construct them to outstrip any sea-going steamer afloat ; and it is confidently anticipated that the average passages will not exceed nine hours. INcluEsT.—On Tuesday, the Bth instant, an inquest was held at Upholland, on the body of Margaret Gaskell, a child three years old. Her death was occasioned by her clothes taking fire on the 19th ultimo. It happened early in the morning, whilst the mother of the deceased had gone up stairs to take her husband a light, leaving the deceased and her little brother, a few years older, below. As soon as the mother's back was turned, the deceased took a match, no doubt in imitation of her mother, to light it, by which 4e set fire to her clothes. Her screams immediately brought her father to her assistance, who put out the flames, but not before she had been very badly burned upon her belly and breast. A surgeon attended the deceased until Sunday, the 6th instant, when she died. Verdict, " accidental death." INQUEST.—On Thursday, the 11th instant, an inquest was held at Golborne, in the parish of Winwick, on view of the body of George Edwardson, whose death was occasioned by severe burns, caused by the explosion of inflammable air in the coal mine in which the deceased and his brother were working on Tuesday morning last. Both of them went to their work on that morning, and the deceased's brother knew that there was foul air in his place of work ; but the deceased was not at all apprehensive of anything of the kind in the place where he had to work ; consequently the deceased took a naked candle, whilst his brother uaed the safety lamp. The latter immediately found that his place was so full of in flammable air that he could not work, and at the same mo ment he heard an explosion in his brother's place, upon which he went back to the waggon road, and there met the deceased running towards the pit ey e , s h oc ki n gly burnt all over his body. He was immediately wound up, and went home. A surgeon was sent for, who dressed his burns, but he only lived two days. Verdict, " accidental death." AN OLD SERVANT.—On Tuesday, John Yates, the cap tain of one of the Warrington and Rnncorn packet-boats, terminated his mortal career, in the 74th year of his age. He had been a faithful and diligent servant to the Old Quay Company for no l ess a p er i o d than s i x t y -f our years. F ew men in his situation in life were more respected, and he died deeply regretted by a number of relations and friends. — Manchester Courier. EXPORT OF MANUFACTURED GOODS TO THE UNITED STATES.—the export of manufactured goods to the principal ports in the United States is now more extensive than it has been at any period for the last twelve months. The packet ship England, which sailed on Wednesday, for New York, and the packet-ship Garrick, which sailed yesterday, for the same port, had freights amounting to nearly £l3OO. The Susquehana, which sailed on Wednesday, for Philadelphia, had a full freight; while the traders to Boston and Baltimore fill well.—Albion. NEW FRUIT Snor.—By an advertisement which will be found elsewhere, it will be seen that a new fruit warehouse has been opened at the corner of Clayton-square. The pre mises are well situated for business, and the articles appear of first rate quality. LIVER THEATRE.--A drama of great interest, new to the Liverpool public, was produced here last night with perfect success. Mr. Elton was well received, and will become a leading favourite. His acting was very fine. In our next we shall notice the drama at length. Charles O'Malley has lost none of its interest. MRS. ST. ALBIN'S CONCERT.—Mrs. St. Albin's concert at Warrington, is expected to be one o f th e m o s t b r illi an t, and fashionable of the season. An array of talent, as an nounced in the bills, will give the supporters of the " sweet science" an idea of the attraction to be offered. THE MISSES SWAIN'S CONCERT. — The Misses Swain, very charming singers, have announced a concert to take place in Liverpool,in a short time, in our next we shall draw attention to the programme. TILE THREE CARACCI.-Mr. Buchanan, with his accus tomed liberality and his enthusiasm and love for the fine arts, has reduced the price of admission to see his beautiful pictures. The reduced rate commences at five o'clock in the evening ; this will enable the labouring classes to see these pictures. This will be really a boon to many, and a most disinterested act, as, if half Liverpool were to visit them at this rate, Mr. Buchanan would not be more than remunerated. CALIGRAPHY.—The acquirement of writing well is most essential to all persons engaged in business ; an easy, free, . and bold hand, very easily acquired when a good master is engaged to give instruction. W e d o no t k now an y one we can recommend with greater confidence than Mr. Thompson : he has been many years established in this town, and has had pupils of every degree under him. CHRIST CHURCH BRANCH OPERATIVE PROTRSTANT ASSOCIATION. — Last evening a very numerous meeting was held in the Sunday School, Christian -street, attached to Christ Church, for the purpose of forming a branch associa tion for this district of the Operative Protestant Association. The Rev. G. Mansfield, curate of Christ Church, took the chair, and addressed the meeting at considerable length on the necessity for the establishment o f a P rotestan t A ss ociation for the district on the principle of self-defence against the stealthy a ggressions of Popery. The. Rev. H. Carpenter, the Rev. Peter Brown, the Rev. Fielding Ould, Mr. John Ashbrook, and several others afterwards addressed the meet ing in very interesting speeches. All the resolutions were unanimously carried,. and the re i s every prospect t h at t h e Protestant Association thus formed will be one of the most valuable in the town. The meeting did not separate till after ten o'clock. PROFESSOR SCHWEITZER'S LECTURES ON GERMAN LI TERATURE.—AIthough it is not in our power, from want of space, to fur n ish our readers with anything like a report of the admirable lectures of Professor Schweitzer, now in course of delivery a t th e Lyceum, we can assu re th em they are hi ghly interesting and instructive. The fourth lecture will be deli vered to-day. We strongly recommend not only those who are commencing the study of German, but those who are proficients in it, to pay the intelligent professor a visit. - - MARCUS'S SNUFF WAREHOUSE.—Our readers, passing along Church-street, will no doubt be much struck with the new and very handsome shop just opened at the corner of Parker-street, as a segar and snuff shop. This establish ment, we trust, will prosper, and from its very excellent situation, there is very little doubt that it will become the most frequented boutique in the trade. Mr. Marcus has been many years known to the advertising portion of the com munity, from his connection with the Live r p oo l Chro nicle, from his kindness and attention, and his ever readiness to oblige all those who may be engaged with him in business, we are confident in wishing him success we shall only echo the desire of all his friends. The Earl of Thanet has accepted the lord.lieutenan c y of the county of Kent, vacant by the death of the Marquis Camden. SUBSCRIPTION CoNcErtrs. , -Mr. Ashton deserves the thanks of the public for his spirit, enterprize, and we may say courage, in taking the management of these very delightful entertainments. It is an old and trite adage that all cannot be pleased, but we believe there will be found but few to canal at his arrangements. The progregime for the next concert will be out in a few days ; it is replete with excellence and good taste, and cannot fail to give every body satisfaction. These concerts ought to be supported by all who have any pretentions to taste, and those who find fault should cherish rather a wish to promote than impede musical science. AMPHITHEATRE.—The " lion king" and his subjects have been re-engaged at the Amphitheatre, and are drawing " the lieges" in. O n F r id ay th ere was a very f u ll house indeed. His worship the mayor will patronise the entertainments to morrow evening. On Friday Mr. Carter will take his bene fit ; and on Monday, Mr. W. J. Hammond will make his appeal to his friends ;—that appeal will not be in vain we feel quite confident : we expect that a very strong muster will be made in his favour ; he is one who at all times deserves sup port ; and now that his fortunes, from his unlucky Lon don speculation in Drury-lane, are not of the brightest, we do hope and trust that such a move will be made by his many admirers as shall make him exclaim— ------- " Friends have so come round me I could bear my woes again." The entertainments are most excellently selected. INQUESTS.—On Saturday an inquest was held before Mr. Curry, on view of the body of Mr. George Bustard, a locker in the Customs, aged 52 years. It appeared from the evi dence, that on Friday night, about six o clock, a police-offi cer, on duty in Dale-street, was told by a woman that a man who was very drunk was standing against a post at the top of Manchester-street. He went up, and found him as des cribed. • He asked deceased where he lived, but received no answer. He took him to the bottom of Hatton-garden, and there left him, as he appeared then to be able to walk. Ten minutes after he heard that a man was lying drunk on the flags at the bottom of Dale -street, and on going up, found it was the same individual he had before seen. He spoke to the deceased, but received no reply. The deceased could not stand. He got assistance, and procured a hand-cart, and took him to Vauxhall bridewell, taking the cart on the para pet, so as not to shake him. The deceased was placed in the corner of a room, in a sitting posture. Shortly afterwards the keeper of the bridewell, who had received the deceased, and booked him for safety as being drunk, observed him foaming at the mouth, and sent for a doctor, who also con sidered him drunk, and applied the stomach-pump, and af terward stimulants to restore him ; but without effect, as he never rallied nor spoke, and died in about an hour after be ing brought in. Mr. Deane, the surgeon who attended him from the time he was called in until he died, stated that on a post mortem examination, he found the brain congested, and was of opinion that the deceased died from apoplexy. Verdict accordingly.—[lt did not appear that the fit of which the deceased died was caused by excessive drinking ; and it was stated to us (though not in evidence) that the deceased was seen shortly before he was taken to bridewell perfectly so ber, and that he had only taken a little wine that afternoon.] —An inquest was held on Saturday before Mr. Curry, on view of the body of Marmaduke Bateman. The deceased was a twine-spinner, and was 69 years of age. He appeared to be quite well on Tletrsday, and was at his work during the day. At night he went to bed • his grandson, aged 7 years, who slept in the same bed,. had gone before him. In the morning when the child c tine down stairs, he said his grandfather was very cold all night. No notice was taken of this at the time, but as the deceased did not come down at his usual hour, his son went up stairs to his room, and found him in bed quite dead. Verdict, died by the visitation of God.—An inquest was held on Friday before Mr. Curry, on view of the body of Elizabeth Evans, aged 67. The deceased, who lived in Cheapside, was ascending the steps of a neighbour's house, about a week ago, whom she was going to visit, when she fell, and hurt her thigh. She was unable to walk, and was carried home, where she lingered until Thursday, when she died. Mr. Horrocks, surgeon, attended her during her illness. When called on, he found her in an almost fainting state ; and believed, on examining her, that she had received a frac ture on the neck of the left thigh-bone. He was of opinion that the injury, and the shock consequent upon a debilitated constitution, was the cause of death. Verdict accordingly, accidental death. CORRESPONDENCE. PASTORAL AID SOCIETY TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. SlR,—Although you have expressed your intention of ex cluding from your columns all further communications on this subject excepting those of an " official character," and therefore declined inserting Mr. Clark's last letter of the 9th of December, yet, as that letter has appeared in the Mail, accompanied with some notes of a corresponding character, and as I conclude that Mr. Lawrence (who is the only per son who can be properly considered as the " official" organ of the society at Liverpool) will not consider it necessary, after his very able, gentlemanly, and truly Christian letter, to take any further notice of Mr. Clark, or of his gratuitous and unfounded assertions, I hope I may succeed in inducing you to break through your rule, by giving a place in your columns to the following observations, which the perusal of Mr. Clark's letter has called forth ; particularly requesting that you will, at the same time, as an act of fairness towards Mr. Clark, insert his letter also, as well as place another copy of Mr. Lawrence's in juxta position by the side of it ; so that your readers may have an opportunity of judging for themselves of the spirit exhibited by the several advocates. " By their fruits ye shall know them," is a text given by in fallible wisdom. But to proceed with Mr. Clark's letter. Passing by the vainglorious egotism with which it commences, when he speaks of the misunderstanding " between ME and the Pas toral Aid Society,"—" Ego et rex meus .'"—we find the fol lowing qu .tation from Mr. Lawrence's letter, in italics : " The Pastoral Aid Society is ready to assist those who agree with her in principle; the additional curate's fund will a f ford scope4or the Übe, ality, or supply funds for the necessities, of her friends." This Mr. Clark, strangely enough, construes into an admission by Mr. Lawrence that the society is established "for party purposes !" overlooking the fact, that if the charge applies to the one society, it must be equally applicable to the other; for Mr. Lawrence, in the true spirit of Christian candour, applies the same language exactly to both. But having jumped to this conclusion, Mr. Clark next proceeds a step further, and asserts that " the party purposes" which he has gratuitously imputed to. the Pastoral Aid Society, leads its committee to confine their employment exclusively to those of the clergy, whom he is pleased to designate by the name of " Simeonites ;" as to whom Mr. Clark seems to glory in entertaining the same opinions as those expressed by the editor of the Mail, who thinks the term as properly applicable to them, as the name of " Puseyite" is to the party who hold the doctrines of the Oxford Tracts. Not satisfied, however, with these two as str mptions, Mr. Clark proceeds to take a third leap, by as serting that the doctrines held by these despised " Simeon ites, are of such a peculiar and unscriptural nature as ac tually to amount to " heresy !" Now, sir, I call on Mr. Clark to prove these three assertions, or any one of them, if he can. Mr. Lawrence's letter most certainly affords no support to any of them. All he says is, that each of the two societies is ready to ass i st those w h o " agree w i th her in prin ciple. And is there not a well known and acknowledged principle," I ask, on which the two societies " agreed to differ" from their commencement, totally irrespective of doc trine, namely, the employment of lay agents; the adoption or rejection of which, by either, cannot have the slightest affinity whatever to " heresy," or the least tendency to affect its character as " a church society ?" Mr. Clark either had read the rules of the Pastoral Aid Society before he sought its aii, or he had not. If he had not read them, he has acted in a very careless and unjustifiable manner, in a matter of so much importance as that of obtaining spiritual assistance for his parishioners. If he had read them, then his application to the society, with the sentiments which he now publicly avows, could only be intended as an insult, or a trap to get it into an altercation with him, either for the purpose of di minishing its usefulness, or obtaining for himself an unenvi able notoriety, or both. With regard to the " Additional Curates' Society," I have no desire to pursue Mr. Clark's spirit, by setting it in an invidious and unchristian opposition to the other i • but this I may be permitted to say , th a t if th e Pastoral Aid Society; had no other claim on Mr. Clark's gratitude, as well as that of the members of the Established Church generally, it has at least that one, that it was the original cause of the establishment of the other society : for the " Additional Curates' Society" never had any existence, nor was even in contemplation, until it was called into being by the establishment of the Pastoral Aid Society. And when Mr. Clark triumphantly asserts, that" the committee of the Curates' fund makes no inquiry as to the " opinions" of the clergy they pay ;" neither, I would desire to inform him, do the com mittee of the Pastoral Aid Society : but they do think it their duty to inquire into the " doctrines," which they hold, and which they are to be the instruments in sending them forth to teach : for this their subscribers expect them to do : the single object of the society, and for which it was ex pressly instituted, being, to extend the means of sound scriptural instruction, according to the articles, homilies, and liturgy, of the Church of England, throughout the length and breadth of this professedly Christian land; but which Mr. Clark is pleased to designate as " Simeonitish heresy." (See Acts 24, 11.) And this precaution I trust the com mittee of the " Additional Curates Fund" do not overlook. I would heartily desire, with Mr. Lawrence, to " bid God speed" to both societies ; and the only rivalry I would wish to see between them is, that they should strive more and more to " provoke each other to love, and to good works"— and he is not the friend of either, or the true desciple of the master, whom he professes to serve (Rom. IG, 17,) who would endeavour to stir up any ungodly jealousy between them. As to Mr. Clark's contemptuous allusion to the venerable name of Simeon, and his attempt to connect it with any thing like " heresy," I dare not trust myself to express my feelings on the occasion. That honoured name, though long cast out by the " ungodly" and the " scoffer," as a term of reproach, can now, blessed be God ! reflect disgrace only on him, who can have the hardihood so to apply it. He was raised up, in the dark days of the church, as an humble in strument in the hands of the Almighty, to revive her true doctrines in the midst of us. His value was confessed by the universal respect with which his remains were followed to the grave ; and, " though dead, he yet speaketh," through the lips of many hundreds of excellent ministers, not only in this country, but throughout the globe, whose privilege it was to sit at his feet, and hear from his mouth the sound scriptural doc trines of the glorious gospel of the grace of God. Mr. Clark, it is plain, is not to be included amongst that number ; and I doubt very much, whether he ever heard Mr. Simeon preach, although he assumes the right to sit in judgment on his doc trines, and call them " heresy ;" for Mr. Clark, if I am correctly informed, did not receive his education at the Uni versity of Cambridge, (which was the field of Mr. Simeon's labours), but at St. Bees, under the late Dr. Ainger.—l am, Sir, yours, very faithfully, A LAY MEMBER, Of the Pastoral Aid Society. P. S.—l leave my name with you, although I have no desire that it should appear in the public papers. THE PASTORAL AID SOCIETY TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. hav3 just received a copy of your p a per published on the 4th instant, containing a lette r f rom t h e R ev . W. C. Lawrence, on which letter I will trouble you with a few, very few remarks. Everything that has been said by him, by yourself, and by your other correspondents, on the subject of the misun derstanding between me and the Pastoral Aid Society, has been to me highly satisfactory ; because everything so ad vanced has had a tendency to disabuse the public mind with regard to the principles and operations of the society. Mr. Lawrence says that " there are different views of church principles entertained among churchmen." " The Pastoral Aid Society is ready to assist those who agree with her in principle; the Additional Curates Fond will aford scope for the liberality, or supply funds for the necessities, of her friends. Now, sir, this is speaking plainly : this is the kind of honest admission which we have a right to expect from a respectable clergyman like Mr. Lawrence. But why has not the society spoken out as plainly as this honest, straightforward local secretary? Why has not the society confessed that it is established for party purposes ? Why has it not acknowledged that it will only employ Simeonites, of whom I entertain precisely those opinions which you have expressed (in language stronger than I should use myself) with respect to the more orthodox members of the church ? Why this system of deception ? 'Why this concealment of the truth hitherto, which I, whom you will call a semi- Papist, should regard as a truly Papistical method of obtain ing money from persons who would not have given it were the objects of the society honestly avowed ? If the Pastoral Aid Society had declared its character, in stead of concealing it ; if, instead of assuming to itself tlic appellation of a church society, it had avowed (what its ac. credited local secretary has so candidly asserted) that it was established for party purposes, I should certainly never have applied to it for aid. But the Additional Curates Society acts strictly in accordance with its professions : it is a soci ety for providing an income for curates in places where they are required ; and it is nothing- more. It is not formed to support a party, but it is formed to aid the church ; and it was because I found that some Simeonite clergy had obtained grants from that society, and had appointed Simeonites as their curates, that I applied to the Pastoral Aid Society, expecting it to act as fairly on its professed principles as the committee of the Curates Fund bad done. The committee of the Curates Fund make no inquiry as to the opinions of the clergy they pay ; they know not whether the curates hold or renounce the Simeonitish heresy; they leave it entirely to the incumbent to appoint, and to the diocesan to approve of, the curate. I 'lave thought it necessary to say this in be half of the Additional Curates Society. According to the confession of the local secretary, and according to its prin ciple of action, the Pastoral Aid Society will henceforth be regarded as a party society, and no one not holding the Simeonitish heresy will, I presume, apply to it for assistance. The Curates Fund belongs to no party. To have produced this confession is an ample repayment for the trouble to which I have been put. It has, moreover, been discovered by the correspondence which has taken place, that the curates paid by the Pastoral Aid Society are, like the lay agents, strictly speaking, servants of the society—bound to treat their masters with respect—not permitted to regard a society of which a layman is the president, and which recognises no ecclesiastical jurisdiction, as a lay society. It has also been confessed that no one not swearing allegiance to the princi ples of the society (none having been avowed, though Sime onitism is implied) ought to apply for its aid. I do not quarrel with the society for thus proclaiming its party views and objects. I readily admit that henceforth none but a Simeonite ought to apply for aid ;—but while the society professed to be guided, not by Simeonite, but by church principles, I contend I was justified as a churchman, though opposed to the Simeonite heresy, in seeking its as sistance. I am, sir, your obedient servant, JOHN CLARK Grove Villa, Hunslet, Dec. 91h, 1840. ASSOCIATION OF ASSISTANT TRADESMEN OF LIVERPOOL. Last evening a meeting of the assistants, engaged in all branches of trade in Liverpool, was held in the Clarendon rooms, South John-street, for the purpose of forming an association for the progressive and uniform curtailment of the hours of business. Mr. FLOWER having been called to the chair,—He said, that the errors in the management of retail trade, in this country, had for a long period been a subject of great consi deration in his mind. It was no the business of that meeting to dwell upon those errors in general, but to advert to the head and front of them all, viz., the hours of attendance. The evils of those long hours were manifested in a melancholy way, in the decay of health and, he was sorry to say, in the laxity of morals, amongst a large proportion of the assistants. These manifestations were most perceptible where the regu lations were most severe ; and the contrary was the case where the regulations were the reverse. It was their duty, certainly, to respect the means by which they lived; they must respect the business which affords them subsistence. Business he looked upon as a means of living, and not as the end for which we lived. One of the purposes of the Creator towards man, was, that he should earn his own subsistence ; and it was a wise dispensation which made our lives lives of labour. We, therefore, laboured in the first instance for our subsistence ; but it must not be forgotten that we had other duties of a higher grade to perform. It must not be forgot ten that our duties, intellectual and moral, which were the bond of social happiness, the link between man and his Cre ator, were superior to all others. Amongst their duties he had no hesitation in saying there was none more sacred than that which they owed to their employers. On the present occasion they had not met to conspire against, the interests of their employers, but, on the contrary, by every fair, up right, and honourable means, to strive to diminish the hours of labour, and, in that diminution, to serve the interests of their employers. (Hear.) Their object in seeking to obtain more time, was, to make themselves more efficient for the discharge of their duties—not to induce idleness or drunken ness, as some had said. They had been told that if more time were allowed to the assistants, it would all be spent at the alehouse—that they would seek their enjoyment at the brewer's tap, rather than at the fountain of wis dom and knowledge. Considering the very little oppor tunity afforded them for improvetneat, he contended that very honourable instances had been shown that the re verse of this statement was the case. Amongst a large body of men it certainly could not be expected that all should be perfect; but he believed that the great majority of them had been what they ought to have been. (Hear.) He had not a doubt that if more time were given them, and if their minds were cultivated in that time, not only would their employers and themselves, but the country at large would benefit by the cultivation of so much mind which was at the present wasted and lost to the world. (Hear.) There had been a time when the institutions of the country were supposed to be supported by the ignorance of the people, and when the fear was that if they were taught those institutions must fall. It was now confidently believed on the other hand, that the institutions of their country had their best support in the in telligence of the people ; and he did not mind risking a sneer or a smile, and saying that, among so many minds as were shut up under the regulations of the late and present race of shopkeepers, there might be some such as John Locke and Lord Bacon, perhaps a Shakspeare or Milton, perhaps a Byron, a Carnpbgll or a Tom Moore. Why not ? God had not given mind to station, but he had given minds which should command the station, provided they were cultivated. The mind having been given, it was the business and duty of man to cultivate it. It was a talent, not to wrapped in a napkin, and laid by, but to be used. If we were prepar ing for a better state, which was all intelligence. and if the regulations to which the assistants were subjected, were such as to frustrate the design of the Creator, surely, there was no wrong in their endeavouring to alter those re gulations. It was far from his wish, and from the wish of the gentlemen who co-operated with him in the undertaking, to preach up anything like insubordination. Their object, as he had said before, was to do good, not only to themselves, but to their employers, and generally to th 3 who!e world, The regulations of which they complained werr• Itle in the olden time, when a man was considered to be c'.l....:ated if he could read, write, and cast up a column of figures. A boy who could do these was considered good enough for any busi ness—the whole object of a man of business being to accu mulate money—to earn a living—that was all. Making a fortune was no more than earning a living in a larger sense. Certainly the purposes of God were not answered, nay, they might be defeated, if we all lived for such an object. The education now looked upon as necessary for man, was such as should make him acquainted with nature in as many of her operations as the time of man could make him acquainted with, and therefore to make him an honour to his Maker. But that could not be done without the application of suffi cient time; and with these views, a few friends and himself had formed an association, the object of which was, exclus ively, to obtain an amendment in the present regulations of business as regards the hours of attendance. From time to time there had been public meetings of the assistants for-the purpose of appealing to their employers, but experience had taught them that applications to their employers were useless without they were accompanied by the co-operation of the public. It was utterly impossible, for instance, to get any thing approaching un an i m i t y among such a numerous body of men. One would be liberal, another sordid, and, with the present competition in business, it was impossible to get them all to consent to close their shops at a certain time. But if the public would say to them,—" We will so accommodate matters — we will so arrange our domestic af fairs as to perform this part of your business within certain hours"—the employers would be most ready to accede to that ; but it could not be done by calling a single meeting, or by having the proceedings of that meeting reported in the public newspapers, and then ceasing their exertions. It was only to be effected by a constant, never-ceasing course of appeals, which could only be carried on by a regularly or ganized society, and such society he hoped would arise out of that meeting. Among the plans they proposed, provided their funds admitted of it, was that of having a course of pub lic lectures on this subject. These lectures to be addressed— the first to the assistants ; th e second to their employers; and the third to the publi c . Another of the proposed opera tions was, to petition the mayor and council of the town for their co-operation. A third of their plans was, to petition and apply to the Members of Parliament. A fourth to appeal to the clergy. And last of all to appeal to the public, again, again and again. (Cheers.) They might, perhaps, eventu ally have to apply to Parliament; but he hoped that would not be necessary. They had already experienced the valuable kindness and aid of the press in their cause; and they had every reason to believe that this liberality, based as it was upon justice, would still be exercised on their behalf. It had been their own fault, or, rat her, their own want of ex perience which had delayed so long the acquisition of the great boon they sought. They had called meetings of their own trades • but that would not:do. It was not likely that the closing of shops in one line would be sufficient ; to accomplish the object the practice should be adopted by all, and it was for the public to remember this fact, The thing had been done in Edi n b urg h, it had been b e tt er d one in Dublin, and it had been tolerably well done in Manchester : but still not to the extent that it ought. There was good authority for saying that no man should not work longer than the mechanic, namely ten hours a day, which was surely long enough ; eight hours sleep was quite necessary, and six hours for rest, recreation, and mental cultivation, was cer tainly not an overbearing demand. He trusted the meeting would not separate without every one present enrolling him self a member of the association, and lie sincerely wished that the institution might succeed, more for their sakes than his own. The chairman concluded by reading a series of resolu tions, unanimously passed at a meeting of assistants, in five or six different trades, declaratory of all the principles of the society. Mr. CHARLES WILLMER then came forward and said, that after the able address just made by the chairman, it would not be necessary for him.to enter into any details con nected with the object of the association. He felt that, in taking the part which he was, he was usurping a place which did not belong to him ; but he had been obliged to come for ward through the timidity of many of the assistants. That timidity he traced to the long continued turmoil of business, preventing them from having that time for application and improvement which, under better management, they would hale. That was the only apology he should offer in rising to move the first resolution, which was as follows : " That this meeting hails with unfeigned satisfaction the formation of the ' Association of Assistant Tradesmen of Liverpool,' and, entertaining high hopes that its object — that of obtaining a gradual and uniform curtailment of the hours of business—will tend largely to improve the health, the morals, and the intelligence of the assistants, pledges itself to co-operate with and to support that association, by every means which shall not militate against the real and permanent interests of the employers.,, It appeared to him that there Was' nothing in this resolution which could receive opposition from any of the true friends of the assistants, or from their employers, if they had at heart the real and permanent interests of their assistants. They sought not by coercion to attain their object, but to accomplish it by reason and argument. They had no wish to go in opposition to their employers, but they felt bound to say, that the same amount of business would be done in nine hours as was now extended over fifteen or sixteen. (Hear.) If this could be accomplished, why should they be c , nfined so long to business, wearying the mind, corrupting the morals, and blinding their perceptions ? Why was this but because they did not make an effort to rescue themselves from their state of moral slavery and degradation ? He trusted, therefore, that all who had heard the resolution, and who had at heart the interest of themselves and of gene rations yet unborn, would rally round the association, and give their support to it, not only by their voices, but by their subscriptions. That the health of the assistants was injured by the present long hours of business, was evident; for, on reference to the official statistics of the country, it would be found that the mortality, or early deaths, among shopkeepers assistants in this country was greatei than among any other portion of the community. Was not this a convincing proof that the present long hours were in jurious ; and was it not, therefore, a d uty to t h emse l ves t o make an effort to alleviate their distresses? (Hear.) That the morals of the assistants were impaired by the present system was also evident; that their intelligence was injured was still more evident than the two first, for if the assistant had not time to study he could not possess that information and intelligence which he would had he the necessary time. Wh e n they knew that the same amount of business could be done if the hours were relaxed, it was their duty to make an effort for the shorter period, not by a single meeting, but by constant agitation. (Hear.) This resolution called on the meeting to co-operate in the formation of the association. on and co-operation amongst the whole body of assistants was required, and unless they were given, this association would die like others, it& voice unheard, and its attempts unheeded. On the other hand, if support were given, the employers would see that their as sistants were not content to remain iu their moral tieurnria. and they wouk had in view. hours per day. (Hear, heal Mr. WILLIAM RUSSELL which they 101 e meeting would support aess had been reduced to 9 irs, observing that it was with regret he saw that the - rate ot mortality was greater amongst shopmen than amongst any other, class of the community. He remarked that the mechanic, after his day's labour, might attend any of the nu• -terous institutions which had been founded for his benefit 'le purpose of improving his mind : but the assist• - could not boast of any such institution for their ad They had none whatevar which they could Yet it was not from want of numbers or 1 their own ice that they had not any, but from the length of time for which tho were compelled to labour. However, it was their own fault if, through this association, they did not succeed in abridging their hours of labour. When they were shortened, he trusted they would be diligent in their attendance upon lectures and the other means of improvement. The resolution was then put and carried. Mr. SCHOLEFIELD, in moving the second resolution said, he feared that this association might to some sound some thing like a trades union, but he could not see th e slightest similarity between them. In a trades union tiiTm7m — bers would not return to their employers until all their demands bad been complied with ; but they recognised no such prin ciple. They contemplated the benefit of all parties, and thy on' . y weapons they em pl o y e d wou ld b e th e voice of persua sion, the power of argument, and the claims of justice. He concluded by movinz— " That this meeting desires publicly to express its appro al and confirmation of the resolutions, read this evening by the chairman, upon which the association has been founded." Mr. PYEFIELD seconded the resolution, and expressed the satisfaction he felt at finding that the association meant to appeal to the public. It must not, however, be forgotten that many of the employers had conceded as much as they could with safety to their interests, considering the great competition there was in all branches of business. If the public, indeed, could be brought on the side of the assistants, he was satisfied that the majority, if not all, the employers would make the concession, and he was happy to see the efforts of the association directed to that end. The resolution was then put and carried. Mr. DYER moved the next resolution. It was very de sirable that a curtailment of the hours of business should take place, and observed that the education which the assist ants already possessed, was in fact lost to them, when the extension of knowledge was the chief feature of the age. He concluded by calling upon the ministers of religion the me dical man, the philanth r opi s t, th e p hil osop h er, and upon all classes of society, to support the efforts of the assistants of Liverpool in this cause. He begged to move— " That regulations framed in times when education was condemned as a curse to the poorer classes, are unfitted for the present enlightened age ; that while other classes of the community have advanced in mental culture, the assistants have stood still ; that it is the want of leisure only that has brought them to this degraded position ; that the designs of Providence are frustrated by regulations which so impede the cultivation of the mind ; and that the loftiest considera tions of duty, therefore, impel the assistants to seek an amendment of those regulations." Mr. W. B.JoNEs:in b sec 7 ) - n - dlng the resolution, remarked that all practical men allowed the justice of the assistants' claims. He mentioned an instance of a young man, in his own business, who, owing to the lengthened hours of labour, joined to his own strong taste for study, died at the prema ture age of 22. From these circumstances Mr. Jones founded a very neat and satisfactory argument in favour of the resolution. Mr. EDWARD M. PILCHER announced himself as a shop keeper, but as a friend to the cause of the though the 80 - CanieTh;d;s -- ;e1:e opened twice n. Al- Tek, he should like to know what assistant; had had the pleasure of going there at all this summer. (Hear.) had been formed of the council for the purpose of making public parks for the recreation of the inhabitants ; but who were to enjoy them ? The shop-keeper's:hours of business were to eight o'clock at night, and after that there was no time. He, himself, had never been able, in consequence, to visit the Botanic Gardens, as his shop was in Ranelagh-street, and same of his own trade would not agree to close until nine o'clock. Now, if the Tradesmens' Association would only petition the Corporation " that they should have the privilege of going to those parks, and those gardens, something, he hoped, would be obt a i ne d for them. Allusion had been made to mechanics. He had himself, the other day, whilst at one of the graving docks, in which a vessel was ready to come in, heard a mechanic say that he would not work any more that afternoon, but take out his wife and family for a walk. No assistant could do that ; he had ne ver had an opportunity of doing it himself. He understood that in Chester the shops closed at six o'clock, and in Man chester at seven ; and he did not see why that meeting should have longer hours than they at Manchester or Chester. A committee A TRADESMAN, although he approved of the pe titioning the corporation, thought that body could be of no use, except individually and collectively with the shopkeepers of the town in general. The speaker then took a rapid view of the principal topics urged upon the attention of the meeting, suggesting that one cause of the shops remaining open so late, especially on Saturday nights was, that employers fre quently did not pay their workmen till late on Saturday night. He trusted the plan would be adopted of paying them on Friday night, by which means they would be able to supply all their wants early on Saturday, and so render the late attendance of the assistants unnecessary, and so prepare them for doing their duty on Sunday. The speaker concluded by stating that the speeches of that evening had shown what they could do, if they had greater opportunities for improvement. —The resolution was then put and carried. The CHAIRMAN then said, that before dissolving the meeting, he would make one or two remarks. The first of them 'was very important. He had said that the assistants could not hope all at once to leap from a very bad into a very good regulation ; but they expected that it was practicable. Among their schemes one of the most cherished of all was, that they should be enabled to establish a regulation that their hours of business should not be longer in summer than they were in winter. If they went through this winter upon the hours they stood now, they could procure an amendment of the rule so far that as summer came in they should be allowed the privilege of walking abroad while the sun shone, and not be made to work longer because the sun did not set till later. It only required to be represented to the employers that such a thing was fair, and it would be granted. That was the first step they hoped to attain. The Chairman concluded by till ing upon those present to join the association. The thanks of the meeting were then voted to the Chair man. The meeting separated soon after ten o'clock. THE ROCK HARMONICON We were yesterday favoured with a sight and hearing of a most extraordinary musical instrument, bearing the above title. It is to be seen at No. 15, Bold-street ; and we most coruiany recommena our reaners to pay Mr. Richardson, the inventor, a visit. Several eminent musical men in Li verpool have already heard it, and all declare it to be the most singular invention they have ever met with, not only from the novelty and singularity of its construction, but also for the strange and wild quality of its tones. The following able description, from the Cumberland Pacquet, will give the reader an idea of it : " The history of the invention of this instrument is interest ing : it shows how much may be effected by a combination of ingenuity, industry perseverance, and skill. Mr. Richardson, the inventor, is a plain, honest, industrious, unassuming country man, not refined by education, but possessed f musical talent, and a considerable share of discrimination and judgment. He is a mason by trade, a native of Crosth waite, near the town of Keswick, where his wife, and part of his family still reside. Mr. Richardson was in the daily habit of working at the rocks among the mountains, and in pursuing his avocations experience taught him that almost every variety of sound might be extracted from the rude materials which he hourly met with in the course of his lab.iurs. Being convinced that even the fragments of rocks, uncouth as they seemed, might be collected and so judiciously arranged as to form a musical instrument of surpassing power and sweetness, Mr. Richardson was induced to com mence those labours which bid fair to hand his name down to posterity. In the year 1827, the inventor of the Rock Harmonicon was employed in building a house at Thornthwaite, and afterwards at Braithwaite, in the neighbourhood of Keswick, and he then, for the first time, began to collect the stones of which the Rock Harmonicon was intended to be composed. The stones which he first collected, however, did not answer his purpose, and thus, at the very commencement of his undertaking a large portion of time and labour was necessarily lost. This would have almost been sufficient to have dispirited an ordinary mind ; but it only served to increase Mr. Richard son's efforts, and to convince him that with industry and perseverance success yet laid within his reach. Having di covered that the stones best calculated for his purpose only to be met with amongst the rocks on the breast of the mighty Skiddaw, he began to explore the mountain - of the musical treasures which it contained- The inventor bore these stones from the mountain to a considerable dis tance home upon his back; he had afterwards to reduce many of them, to shape them, and to try their varied tones, before he could pronounce a favourable opinion on their merits. This was a work of immense labour and time, and required much determination, industry, labour, and perseverance for its accomplishment, and after many hard day's labour in the mountains, Mr. Richardson denied himself the repose which exhausted nature required, and spent whole nights, after his family had retired to rest, in hammering the rude materials of which the instrument is composed, and in selecting and arranging them, ere he brought to its present state the sweet toned instrument which cost him thirteen years of unwearied labour and perseverance, under circumsta nces suc h as f ew minds, not possessed of uncommon fortitude, could have surmounted. " In the execution of his arduous task the artist (for he well deserves the name) experienced many difficulties of a private and domestic nature—he had a family of eight children de pendant upon his daily labour for support ; but what can oppose the progress of ingenuity and perseverance, united in the accomplishment of a favourite object? Mr. Richardson, amid every obstacle, kept steady to his purpose, and in the course of time he produced the rude but surprising instru ment, which has gratified and won the admiration of all who have listened to its astonishing powers, and certain we are, that the more it becomes known the more generally will it become admired. Mr. Richardson's modesty would not allow him to flatter himself that his labours and ingenuity had produced an object worthy of public notice, and the in strument, as far as his views went, was doomed to obscurity. Having got a frame made and the fragments of rock arranged in musical order, and to his own taste, the inventor set about teaching his sons to perform upon it, which they do with small wooden mallets, with great taste, and with scien tific skill and dexterity. " After having bestowed upon the Harmonicon thirteen years of labour and attention, Mr. Richardson began to allow his neighbours, and others who chose to favour him with a call, to inspect the instrument, and to l'sten to its musical powers. No scientific person —no musician or any person of taste or judgment, whose opinion was at all calculated to enhance the object of his labours in his estimation, however , had yet pronounced any flattering encomium upon Mr. Richardson's handiwork, and the sole use of the Rock liar monicon was so far merely to teach his sons the performance of music, and to sweeten the hours of relaxation from severe labour by listening to its enchanting and animating tones. At length, however, the Harmonicon began to acquire some thing like local fame, and visitors, more numerous and more distinguished, found their way to Mr. Richardson's abode. " The softest notes of the " lacivious lute," the sweetest of the piano, the shrillest sounds of the " car-piercing and the loudest and most sonorous peals of the organ, can be seat forth wan a ravishing sensat i ons, an d fill s the mina on beholder with delight, astonishment, and wonder. It ex tends to a compass of nearly six octaves, accompanied with all the a ddi t i ona l semitones. Thd Rock Harmonican is in fact an orchestra of itself ; the softest or the loudest tones of any instrument may be effectually excelled, or imitated with extraordinary resemblance. " The invention of this wonderful instrument forms a new era in the annals of harmony, and though it has been ushered in to public notice in a rude and unpolished form, and conse quently possesses little that can attract the eye, its delightful tones make ample compensation to the ear, The success of the invention, however, is complete ; Mr. Rischardson has established a claim to merit beyond dispute ; and though the instrument may in future undergo much improvement, both with respect to its appearance and its musical capabili ties, the musical world is indebted to the inventor for a most novel and surprising instrument, possessed of rich, sweet, and animating tones, and of almost unrivalled power." WHITCHURCif Pi tOTESTANT ASSOCIATION by the I o f the members of the Protestant As ,p e r •ation in the populous and flourish t. 11711 Q held nn Wpan.can.. 1... many of y Kenyon, the-Hon:'M I of Tils .vedLord K i s s Kenyon, J. Tol C. R. Mai , of 'ferric k Ha tail, Coic Ta S. Spros Larg, clergy were the I John Meyne )ciation), li H. Wigfield, J. tolif B. Ellis, W. Stor arrison 'at Hon the divine t impressiv prayer, that tiler to that dis however noured b' White . hurch, the Rev. M W. H. Egerton T. H. Harding, as, J. Absalom, R. Peake; J. I T. Gibson, B. R. B. Broc Stamar, J. Reynolds J. Mo- iktkinsox J. Harding having c A. Thu W. Blackle7, R. Younge, R. Upto: )tion of the Rev. B. ELLIS, ti ;d to take the chair. the chair, wz ;uggested tha Rev On th Lord Kenyon Lord K . ENYON, on t His lordSh The Noble CHAIRMAN proceeded to address ti He said, that_in presutt take the liberty of sayir being placed in that si that he felt highly I I that he felt he extrem He felt the duty which the con sideration of the subject cast upon all conscientious and zealous Protestants, namely, to come forward boldly, and, by all the means in their power, endeavour to stem the tide of Popery which was being exerted against us in the. most uiparalleled manner for upwards of 200 years. He could not but rejoice to observe the great interes.t which was ex cited upon this question in the populous town of Whit church ; and be must express his high sense of the obliga tions which the association were under to his rev. friend Mr. M`Ghee, and others, for enlightening them on the sub ject by their superior knowledge and information. He him self (Lord Kenyon) should not do anything so rude and im- proper as to endeavour to enter on the details or particulars which Mr. M`Ghee was so much better able to give ; nor would he take up the time of the meeting further than to call upon that gentleman to move the first resolution. The noble lord concluded by reading the resolution : " Resolved,---That th; increased exertions and the grow ing influence of Popery in the British empire, demand counteracting effort on the part of Protestants; and that it is their duty, by united and increasing efforts, to use their most strenuous eavours both to - deliver their fellow. subjects from the spiritual and temporal thraldom of the Papal apostasy, and to preserve the blessings of God's holy truth, and of the pure religion established among us, for themselves and their posterity." The Rev. J. R. 111.'GnEE then rose for the purpose of moving the resolution. He said, although he had frequently had the honour and privelege of addressing the noble chair man upon occasions similar to the present, this was the only one on which he felt constrained to say that he rose to speak with regret. His regret arose, nOt from seeing his Protes tant brethren assembled on such an occasion as this, and ,thful interest in tt cause of the Protestant church and Protestant truth in this country. Oa the contrary, he rejoiced in that ; but he re gretted that the present meeting should have been convened only, he feared, to be much disappointed. He regretted that he was cb!iged to apologize for the absence of his reverend brother, Dr. O'Suilivaii, who had been expected, but who was prevented from leaving Ireland by circumstances over which he had no control. lie had come from Ir in his life th :s them t he had ever risen to ad ress a Pi .thout having c so exhausted by his exertions at I been unable to read a single book or prepare a single document. Ile had been suffering so much frcm pains in the head and chest that he had not had the power to open a book. He therefore appeared before that meeting not only totally unprepared but extremely weak both in body and mind. But he had not now to experienc for the first time—fur he had often experienced that it was well to be weak and might be thrown entirely upon t was, that, having I Id list week be —the truth aothing, in order that we Teat and sacredCanse was not by might, nor by powe '' If ho addressed that c own strength, energy, o tremendous - ia'cis m ; or if he called upon men to stand up in their own strength, for th tenance of God's truth in this land ; nothing might 1. for but disappointment. But on the other hand, if he came weak though he felt, yet relying as he trusted he did, upon the strength of God for his blessing upon what he might be enabled to say ; and if they were enabled to ask for God's direction and strength, both in understanding the importance of this great subject and in using their exertion. • ' tenance of th. • - De looked hen out of wear •ong,_then would they w fight, for they should be but upon the arm of Om weir own st Ntfenee of the protestant eau of popery during the last to would be seen by the numbe the north of Enzland nn.l rti• iblished place a situTtion j bold, uncompromisir his cot 14 Cher the faithfulness of our Gc more than in all other but by power, which i or upon his own 1 t was his privilege spirit, saith the Lord nowledge to lay be t in thq th gth of Cod (Cheers.) In proposing the resolution for their: adoption, the principles and sentiments of which he would maintain, he trusted they would bear with his weakness and incapacity whilst merely endeavouring to lay facts only before them. (Hear.) The first subject to which he would call their at tention was one of great importance to this empire and to the protestant religion. He held a book in his hand, to the unimpeachable character of which he would shortly call their attention. In the year 1812 a baronet in the House of Commons (Sir John Cox Hippisley) conceived a plan for emancipating the Roman Catholics, having at the same time securities that in so doing they should fully preserve the Protestant church and the Protestant constitution of England. In pursuance of this plan, he moved for a committee of the House of Com mons to inquire into the regulations, ordinances, Ste., of the Roman Catholics of all foreign states. The committee was granted, and the minister for foreign affairs requested the va rious ambassadors to furnish Sir John Cox Hippisley with all the particulars sought for, which they did, and the documents from all these foreign powers were transmitted to him. He held in his hand the report of the committee, which showed that while the popish states found it necessary to protest against papal supremacy, England alone ivas unprotected against popish agression. There was no law in England to prevent the publication of popish bulls, or to check the pro gress of the Antichristian doctrine, whilst in the foreign po pish states no bull was allowed to he " 4. t..,1 .net the sanction of the government of such In Austria, an empire with a popish sovereign and ,sh lbjects, o the duplicity of that Antichristian tyrant and ,n of , the Pope, was so well known, that a law was in existence, that no work emanating from him should be pub lished without the sanction of the government. The follow ing anecdote was told in the report of Sir C. Stuart from Por tugal :—" A Portuguese clergyman, intimate with the Nun cio, who had written a pamphlet in support of the Italian or ultramontane doctrines, having been refused the licenses necessary to publication, printed the work in England ; and a number of copies having been distributed in this coun try, the principles they inculcated attracted the attention of the censor, who immediately drew up and transmitted to the government a very able review, showing the dangerous tendency of the doctrines supported by the court of Rome in Portugal, and inducing the government to direct the attor ney-general to commence legal proceedings against the author." previously ob country man of sin That publication was not published any autho rity of bishops, but merely by a priest—yet proceedings were instantly instituted against the author. This popish priest having charged those who attempted to oppose the ultramon tane doctrines of the pope with being Lutherans, the royal censor of Portugal, reviewing the tract, took up these words and went back through the act of various sovereigns in the history of the country who had successively resisted the papal power, and he stated that they were not Lutherans. When he came to the Queen of Portugal, he said, " Our ist queen was not a Lutheran when she ordered to be examined, and her royal assent to be denied to, two bulls of the holy father Pius VI., the first super soliditatem, against a small pamphlet written by Egbel, entitled Quid est Ponti fex the second a dogmatic auetorem fide'i against the coun cil of Pictoria : nor could all the means employed by the Nuncio either lull the piety of her majesty, or overcome the integrity of the Marquis of Ponte de Lima, then her prime minister." Yet these very hulls, the first of which was named Super Solititatem, which this papal queen would not permit to be published within her empire, were published in ere I this country .e was the very bull in the canon law which the popish bishops had set up to govern the Roman had here their bishops informing us why is bull. They told us at the head of it, hat it was published to establish certain tractate in Dens to give the force of infallible papal law to certain dogmas in that author ; and when we turned to those principles which this bull was so published in order to confirm, we found they setting up the tempor Ins rig and when he Catholic sub ver all tempora a when he pleased subjects stn of allegiance to their sovereign. (Hear hear.) certain bull, the Bulla Ccence D om i n i, the Romish bishops, when examined by the committee of bath houses of parlia ment in 1825, strenuously denied was or ever would be re ceived in Ireland. He could quote extracts from the autho rities of all the foreirn states to show how this hull was uni- lly opr .nd shut out from all the papal states in Europe, but he should limit his quotations to one short extract from a document of the highest possible authority. It was a requisition from the Attorney-General to the parliament of France to issue their lawhy this infamous bull :•—" That this bull has always excited dissatisfaction, thnt it prejudiced all sovereigns, that it altered the laws and ordinances of kingdoms ; that it deprived the crown of its . f. • of its prerogatives, and its pre-eminence ; that it abolished the liberty of the Gallican church ; and that, under the pretence of preserving the rights of the holy see, it in vaded the king's power." Mr. M'Ghee then read an ex tract from the decree of the parliament, forbidding not only the publication of the bull by any ecclesiastical authority, but its being printed by any individual, under pain of being pu nished as being guilty of high treason. But whilst the v er y . . printer or vender of this bull was to be punished as guilty Of high treason in France, the papal bishops in Ireland could issue it and pit it in force there. The following note was given by Cart nal Erskine to Sir J. Hippisley relative to this bull :—" bull, which is generally named in Ova Domini, because it was published every year on Holy Thurs day, until Pope Clemont XIII., out of a compliment to some princes to whom some parts of the said bull were obnoxious. left off the publishing„ of it on . the said day— though the formality of its publication is now omitted, is nevertheless implicitly in vigour in all its extension, and is likewise observed in all countries where there is no impedi ment to the erection of the pope's authority. Therefore it must be legally looked upon as a public declaration to pre serve his rights. This bull has undergone at different times some alterations as to the form by the several popes by whom it was published. The paragraph above transcribed is taken from the one published by Gregory XIII., anno 1583, 4th April. It is inserted in the Bullar ad Main ardi, tome 4, part 4." "The above is in the hand-writing of Cardinal Erskine," says Sir J. H. Hippisley ; " I received this note from him at R ome i n the month of August , 1793 ; he was then in the office of Promofore della Fide, and in a ' " few days a England. terwards he departed on a private mission for _ Soon afte rwar d s h e was appo i n ted auditor of th e pope." Mr. M`Ghee next quoted a letter from Dr. Murray, read by Mr. O'C onne l l at a meeting of the Roman Catholic Institute of London ;,, incr. denvinr the publication of those who had heard the rev. gentleman woul any way they might be able to the success o Mr. *Ghee had advocated with such piety such ability. (Applause.) The Rev. C, M. Loicc moved a vote of AP Ghee ' and the motion was carried by acclat which th e meeting dispersed. the Bulla Ccenenisom;(l7y j tli - eLithol : ity - of the Irish bishop He next read an extract from a letter of his own to Dr. Mui ray, calling on him to meet the proofs of the fact before the Roman Catholics of Dublin, which was not attempted ; and then he read another letter of his own to Dr. Murray, proving the falsehood of his statements, which was received by the meeting with loud applause. The rev. gentleman then said that nothing Nis more manifest than that England was open to the pope, and that in fact the pope was now legislating for In the evening another m England. He would,. therefore, call upon every man in tion was held in the School-room. The Rev. C England to remember, if be had a vote . for a memb er o f par- s id e d , an d t h e meeting was addressed by t h e Ch__ liament, that a solemn responsibility in exercising that power Rev. W. G. Cole, the Rev. Brabazon Ellis, the R rested with him, and to send as his representatives to the Stone, and the Rev. F. Russell. The resolution commons house of parliament men who would stand up in unanimously carried. ing of the Protes ) `4 - 4 14i ) t. T o V er ing, Es veat land ; in e.ll, VG, fessing Chri erecting plat an_rny friend ( 840, tw of the Christian er'uth-L-for sue pervert tory for 3ritish empire, have. Our colleges abroa.dhL;;e. seminary has been . erec neans would permit, have been produc hey are not sufficiently end ite number of miss , es for o afford that superior of the times demand kingdom ; what of the Catholic C s have recenilyrei established, an many new y of the of tions have So far increase to require an of labourers ; and above all, how many large lics, especially In the western district, are le tor, being too poor to maintain one and too sited by any other missionary." Now wh went? (Hear, hear.) Wherever it is th papacy to conceal you may concealed—a great deal iOnit, to acknowledi to publish these, you ihu wherever it is t !y suppose lished than you can really sun se to bi whilst she boasts of the imme returned to the bosom of the Catho doubt that she in some places and i.. rates; but that numbers of poor Pro are brought over to the papacy I ha question, for whilst the Pope has hip ;h the length and breadth of Englan —gettinc , into the houses of the po abundance of tracts and catechisms, yea, nmblest means employed —even the lal town— 3 this country - to •earn r breat'. racts and catec Isms to he mind of 'E )le mass of England they ar bishops and die the Protestants of (Hear.) I would entreat my rei be offended at me. I would entreat ther lay the question before their hearts, whet the trii rotected agaii they are motet Many of fliem feel this, but they say, " L gospel faithfully--let us try to educate the y struct them—let us do this and the truth wil have not studied—they have not investizatec troversy, and tL ;g of t —I trust . l a peaking w and rev. brat: I—whein I kiiow ( Hear. Protes hilst p. ten bishc What hat has popery d they swore there lestant c Ana in this Protestant Englan bishops to watch over the inte this country ? (Hear, hear - - - upon the Protestant church. I iblished at Edinburgh, called the t London, called th from the Edinburs ich was of a )lent Church of England, the reverend gent There is the language of the P, church ! Thus they speak who ness, all full of sweet, kind, bland, towards the king and their Protestant f( they gained poli , ical power think they dare speak out, against your liberties and against your ( carry their infl your g, of Europe be dear to us then burn all these proofs tify your understandings, pacy t Now they I I the Pop , Sot publis —to over (He re true then I say, if you value your your children, if you value your Bible, if blessings that God has bestowed upon you a tant people, and desire to maintain and pri your children,—then, I say, stand up sober( the calm determination of truth, the sober judgment, the calm result of the fidelity o under a sense of dqty to their God,—stand and say, " There is my life, an d with it, 131 my God, I will take care to defend the la , and the established religion of England." This observe against the church, at a time guaranteed them power—when you have g all they demanded, and more indeed than th, to hope they could obtain ! Observe—" the you liberty—they will not give your counts privilege of erecting any place of worship, God in spirit and in truth, in any place whe vent it." (Hear, hear.) I was going to reac from Naples and the Havannah, in which y timony of Sir Robert Peel and Lord Palmy that British subjects are not allowed to h in order to worship him in those place. - Then the question becomes, answer that men have given is ment." It is easier s prived of political power. deprived of it—and that they power upon grounds that they ca most liberal supporters dare not stan British empire —I firmly believe. lis it. But, what is far better, they can_ those grounds which are the best grounds be cef tian man can come forward upon, natr ples—(hear, hear)—not arrayed in lic Catholics, because I do not think tl hostility against them can PVI, k man that is arrayed in 'ks, I do not think can do my words plainly Roman C the Papal 'ar perstition, wh strovs ,owls of R n CathOlics in the Protestant Church of England: Tice distinct, and I would entreat you to attend felt hostility against the Roman Catholics, I upon the platform, nor go through the arm and the toil which I do; but I can lay my heart, and say before my God, that so far fi hostile feelings against the Roman Catholics the apostle, " My heart's desire and prdyer is, that they may be saved." (Cheers.) ] tantism has been the curse of the British e hear.) By that I mean, endeavouring to im port the Protestant institutions and the Prot tion of England merely because t tish laws, instead of einleavo .ng to r constitution of England because it is establi holy truth. (" Hear, hear," and cheers.; instead of attempting to support your r political institutions, which I say has be the empire, you support your political the foundation of you't: re-1 a blessing to you and to your countr her, and if you had alt.- the poor from the bondage of (Hear, hear.) I say , t h en , t h at t h for delivering this country from t' Christian man can go f yi done so you )rrid p, f la t itli Chr It is not merely to deliver our co we will do, but it is our design, with down their understanding ititir their souls inueternity atter some additional observations of Brea a remedy for the unprotected and disastr parliament and electors, renouncing the anti of the papacy. He vindicated the Roman Ca the crimes and plots of their hierarchy, and pi the test would lay the axe to the root of papal under t papal hierarchy as ultir bring out the Roman Catholic lait ions of t the happy results of present deliverance ultimate spiritual and temporal emancip: Catholics of the British empire. He th loud cheers, after a most splendid add] which occupied upwards of four hours. Lord KENYON then put the resolutio the chai Lord KENYON, in acknowledging the com that the merits of the question must have bee the gratificat labours put me to shame in their par locks; but I say this, that wt they spew also the errors of t gospel is contrasted oes, Look at its h, Le one of them that but in which you will find Protes God's tr If we do not do so, w country, and we shall to pervert and dcstro, What have tt the pope'wishes to produce ; when the pope wishes to set papal bishop for the distric .fallibility of the pop( command : he sets ur y think s not s s and catechisms ow we must set forth papal face truth—let me not call it Prot —the truth of the everlastine 'th his error VicarsA 54..4 44 a■P to pen cid, therefore y, whilst they ar is asleep upon th a