Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-06-30 00:00:00

ARRIVAL OF MR. COBDEN IN LIVERPOOL. The Indian screw-steamer having arrived in .the river Yesterday morning and gone into dock, a meeting of the friend s of Mr. Cobden was held in the Clarendon-rooms, at eleven Velock, - for the, purpose- of -preparing and adopting 'an - address, to be presented to the right honourable gentleman, to congratulate him upon his return to his native country and = his parliamentary career. The meeting was very numerously attended. Among those present, were the following :—Rebertson- Gladstone; William Brown, J. R. Jeffery, Richard Shiel, Charles Edward Rawlins, C. T. Bowring, George Melly, J. J. Stitt, I. Ronalds, C. R. Hall, ' ,Prancis Boult, Charles Holland, J. Haigh, James Ryley: Liversedge, A. C. Stewart, John Moss, Thomas Cope, J. Kitchen, J. C. 'Corbally, and J. Macrae. The chair was laken, on the motion, of Mr. James Molyneux, by Mr. Robertson Gladstone. The Chairman said : Gentlemen,—Whilst I thank you for the hononr you have done me in placing me in this . lta2sition, I think perhaps I am assuming too much, because . Brown, who is so much my senior, so much better' known to you all, better qualified, and justly more fitted to Preside upon this occasion than I am, ought to have taken, the chair. However, lam always at your service, ready to do what I can in an Minable way to meet the objects for' Which we are assembled • upon this or any other similar Occasion. It was thought, by a few frienns and admirers of Mr. Cobden, that we should not allow him to pass through this great- seaport without tendering him 3° M.C , expression of our goOd feeling, bearing 111 mind especially a faithful recollection of his invaluable past services to this country. (Hear, hear.) We thought it might appear as if we were cold and insensible to all the virtues and the high charaeteristics which are unquestion ably,, his in every sense of 'the word, if we did not step mrward in, a quiet and unostentatious manner, to say to that gentleman, upon his landing, that we ,heartily greet him upon his return to his native shores. (Hear, hear, and applause.) Mr. Brown has prepared an address,.arid-ar— Jeffery, myself and others, have also prepared an' address: There may be some little difference between the two, and I believe there is distinctly, but this is not an occasion for differences. (Hear, hear) .It is one on which we should rejoice at seeing again a mentleman to whom, as I have already stated, we are all, individually, collectively, and nationally, for ever and most deeply indebted. (Hear, hear.) . 1 had the pleasure of" seeing Mr. Cobden ten Minutes ago, He has suffered very much from sea-sickness, hut still is in the enjoyment of health.' His return to this Wintry is a matter of no mere personal consideration, but an event which affects us all in a national point of view. (Rear, hear.) If he shall consent -to beeome a member of the Government, as I trust he will do (hear, hear, and cheers), I hope that he will stem the tide of war, preserve a course of neutrality, and keep us out of mischief. (Hear, hear.) He intends, I believe, to go to the Adelphi • Hotel, and Mr. Jeffery has made an arrangement for his receiv in' a deputation there, in order to affOrd an opportunity of ' presenting any address - you may think proper to ap prove of. Mr. William Brown said, at a late hour last night Mr. Jeffery was good enough to call upon him, and to show him the address he had prepared to be read to Mr. Cobden. It seemed to him rather too long, and there were some passages, in it which, he thought, might be altered with advantage. lie found that it was impossible t without re-casting the whole, to make the alterations which he thought judicious ; and, he therefore, ventured 'to propose an address himself for their consideration. He felt it the more ' necessary to do so, because Mr. Jeffery informed him that it was the wish of the Reform party that he ,(Mr. Brown) should present the address ; and no one would feel anxious to present an address which was not precisely in unison with his own feelings. Mr. Brown then read the following ADDRESS. " The numerous body of, gentlemen who are now present fairly represent the feelings of the inhabitants of Liverpool Who are benefitted by, and dalyrapprecio.te the advantages You.have• conferred dot only on them, but on your country, by your devotion to the _ advocacy of commercial freedom. I can assure you that it affords us great pleasure to have an opportunity : of offering to : you our sincere congratulations on• your safe return from the United States. We were much pleased . to see the manner in which you were received, there. Your private, worth and public services seemed to be as well known to our Transatlantic friends as to your own countrymen. The revocation of the Corn LaWs, of which you were-so distin guished ,au nuvocata, w ill racer_ forgotten in Great Britain, where it has contributed to the happiness of millions, nor in the United States, as • it tends ta cement that friendship and commercial intercourse which is highly ad vantageous, and of the greatest importance to the two nations so closely united - by kindred, by language, by laws, by usages, and by customs. It must he exceedingly gratifying to you, as it is to all free-traders, that we do not hear a murmur even from the, landed interest, who were afraid that by the removal Of the protective duty on Corn they would be ruined. They • find that so -far from being injured, it has contributed 'to their pros- Parity. It is a proper appreciation of your Services in Walk life, that Rochdale has returned you to parliament in Your absence unopposed, and that our most gracious sovereign has been pleased •to call upon you to occupy a seat in the cabinet and to be president of the Board of Trade, for which your antecedents so eminently qualify you. It puts it in your power, by your councils and advice, to render further important services to your country ; and although it will , impose upda you both anxiety and labour, we trust and hope you will not for a moment hesitate or shrink from taking -up`'n yourself the important duties of the office. We liv: anxious times, and. aro most desirous of having a gentleman in •the Cabinet Who has earned the respect and confidence of his countrymen, and who, we feel assured, will use his most strenuous efforts to maintain our neutrality, and not permit us, if it bepossible to avoid it, to be parties to the unhappy contest which is now raging in Italy. Sir, we most:cordially offer you our congratulations on your resumption of your most honourable Public career, and with them our prayers that your life may be long spared, with health and strength, to discharge those Public duties to which you are called." Mr. Brown added; that he had -drawn up the address in order that it might luogest as little difference of opinion as p)ssibl o , an d t o prevent' any criticism to the effect that they had said more than they were justified in saying on the present occasion. Mr. J. R. Jeffery was then called upon to read the other address. He said that the gentlemen who undertook to frame the address which he was about to read, after 'mature consideration, quite agreed with Mr. Brown that it should be made as short -as compatible with the circum stances to which it would be necessary in the address to refer; bat it never occurred to them for one moment that anything which they would say in their address would entrammel Mr. Cobden in any course which he might think it his duty to pursue, but that the parties who might attach their signatures to that address would be expressing their opinions on the past, present, and future. And, there fore, after deliberating for some time, and well weighing every sentence ;which would be. now• read to them, it was thought that nothing less than this would answer, and that "thin less-than this should be said. It was not decided, 'in th o first place, ill whose name or whose behalf the address 4 'hould b e p r e se nted, and a blank was left for this to be filled up. Mr. Jeffery then proceeded to read the following ADDRESS. " We, the undersigned, congratulate you upon your safe return to your native country, under circumstances so honourable to yourself personally ; to the constituency W hich, unsolicited, has restored to Parliament one of its most distinguished ornaments;, and to the Administration Which has tendered to your acceptance a post so admirably 'befitting your past career as that of the Presidency of the board of Trade. While all classes of our fellow-countrymen Will join in our congratulations in spirit, if not in person and in words, it is highly probable that with them as with 'us the feeling of gratitude for past services is all the more Pl'ofound, because it is mingled with a lively expectation of services to come. We need hardly remind you, sir, of the predictions of ruin and desolation which assailed you in the course of your glorious anti-corn law agitation ; nor of the :confident and yet, judging by the events, most modest . •anticipations with which you met those -doleful prophecies. The experience of ten years has satisfied them all, and so far ' Outrun your own most sanguine expectations that it is only here and there a solitary Protectionist blind to conviction, because resolutely closing his eyes to all that possess around him, rises to lament for the abolished impost on the poor man's loaf; while those who have derived the greatest benefit from comparatively free trade in corn and its cons equen ces, a re th e owners and cultivators of the soil, illan Y of whom expected to be absolutely . ruined by it. here in this great emporium of the commercial world, the bat ,• , 7 -7 c t‘lr.,:t 3 /1 , :.." - -" • afitC 2. • :I: - • . vsT-se 1, , if , ' " :)(;: , c,ri • i -4•• " '" (noel --AP' 7ctid ~'7.'d' L' • I.; .., `.'Ei.t':ry ~ BYke r progress made, during the last ten years, in the increase of shipping and trade, the extension of docks and warehouses for their accommodation, the improvement in the condition of the industrial classes, the substitution of wholesome dwellings for dark, damp, and unventilated cellars and courts, in which thousands upon thousands of them were congregated, have been so great as to -be almost incredible,_ were not the facts patent to all. In the United Kingdom generally the same unmistakeable proofs of progress are manifested. Exports and, imports have bees!. nearly quadrupled. The people have- more employment and higher wages, and, of course, are better fed and better clad. The population has greatly increased, and th.o fearful amount of pauperism has diminished, not only relatively, but absolutely. With some millions raw a :f popula tion there are some thousands less of paupers. The results of the repeal of .the Corn Laws, and of the partial modifica tion of the - Customs and Exciie lawa, show the desirability of further progress in the direction of free trade.-, We have designedlyeused, the phrase " comparatively fi . ee trade in cornr. becauSe there instill a tare of.one shilling per quarter on all -foreign corn imported, which at present prices amoSints' to a tare of 21 per Pent., 'and into that extent a protection duty in favour of the hothe grower, 'at the expense otthe eonsumer.of all home-grOsVn grain. We know that it is said to be levied for registration purposes only; but we know also that one penny per quarter. would amply suffice to pay-all the expenses really incurred by registration, That tax, ought to be abolished as literally a protection one. BO it, is in: the general - duties of Customs and Eicise that. there is the greatest necessity . for a sweeping reform in'accordance with the fundamental, principles of the Anti-Corn Law League. From these duties, that from is shackles on commerce, manufactures and indhstry which ought to- be free as air, two-thitds of the r e venue an d th e taxes are raised. The British tariff still contains between 400 and 500 articles chargeable: with duty; many of which do noterealiee the coat of collection, while all, without exceptions are obstructions to commerce and to the extension of trade, . both foreien and domestic. We find by the finance accounts of the year ending March,. 1853, that the total produee of the customs duties in that year was £23,290 e 570, and to that. sum eleven articles only contributed £22,465,145 ; or within eonsideralgt less than a million of the sylfole a:noriat. We, sir, are in favour of au entire revisiaa__c.lfwir financial. system as slink make taxation a: 'fair'' and an . inevitahle payment to` the State for services rendered by the State, •insteld of heitig, as at present, levied mainly*on the necessaries at luxuries of life. We• advocate direct taxation as the only means 'of obtaining perfect freedom . for trade and industry. We are,. therefore, for the total abolition of Customs and Excise duties as speedily as . may be, and in the meantime we thiale that no person, however widely•he may differ from us on that point, can deny that in the present state of our tariff there is ample room for further modifica ; : tion—the simple fact being, that it is most difficult to determine .- whether the injurious or the uhsurd moat re dominate in its arrangements: As we believe that pef eet freedom of trade Was the ultimate object .of the Anti-Cornl Law League—although it slid dissolve When the first step only was accomplished.- so we hope that in you, sir,: its most distinguished champion and advocate will be found for that principle in its entirety. And'should . you find that the tender of office has been made to you iu good faith, and that.it is the intention of her Majesty's present ministers to persevere in the path of commercial ee,orm Of which you were the - practical apostle, andin which the late Sir Robert Peel was confessedly your *disciple, we do 'most .confidently hope that you will not permit any mere personal considera tion to deprive you of the opportunity of officially furthering and crowning your great work. The statesman achieves the accomplishment 'of that task; will earn for himself a name above all Greek, or Roman, or British fame.. Accept, sir, our most cordial congratulations on 'the re sumption of_your moat : honourable priblio career, 'and with: them our heartfelt praverathat your life may long be spared in health and strength to plead the people's .cause in the people's*house of parliament." The Chairman said he would be happy to hear the senti ments of the gentlenien present on the two addresses.. There were some little differences, but they generally aereed. The object was - to congratulate Mr. Cobden on his return. There were other matters introducod in• the second addrese, and i' was for the meeting to consider whether they would accept one or the other. Mr. Jeffery.: Or both.* . The Chairman: Or both. (Laughter, and cries of no, no . There was no doubt many gentlemen present, who were no members of the Reform e Association, by whom the, second address had been drawn up, and he thought those gentlemen would not be implicated. He should ratherone only was pre, sented. (Hear, hear.) He was not prepared to play fast and loose with politics. He would either . follote out, a straightforward, honOurable course; or he would retire altogether ' • flesh and blood* might 'fail, but as long as the, spirit held out he was determined to hold that course. (Hear e bear.) Mr.. Macrae moved that Mr. Brown's address be presented. Mr. Riley seconded the motion. Mr. Jeffery said, with regard to the remarks of Mr. Macrae, he had stated there was no principle involved ; but on-that point they would beat. issue .at once. In the person of Mr. Cobden they recognised the, very • imper sonation of A great_ principle —free, unfettered trade and the address was not only 'an individual and local matter, but, .it would go forth on the wings of the Press as a matter in which every individual was.interested—out of this country as well as in it —and he thought it would fall short of, the object in view if they simply -confined thetneelves to domestic matters at Liverpool: He thought, tinder these circumstances, they should ' not content themselves by simply accepting Mr. Cobden as a private individual. He was the property of the whole world, and why should he not be treated as such. It was taking the more extended view. of the question . that the address which he' had read had been penned. He felt great reluctance to say anything in, oppesition to. Mr. Brown, and he would sacrifice any persoaal foaling rather than do so. But in the present case a greet - principle was 'involved, and he would ,ask, did the address prepared .by Mr. Brown fully enunciate that prinCiple„ and make known the estima tion in which 'they held Mr. Cobden's worth.*' But if there were gentlemen there that could not agree with Mr. Brown, let them agree to differ and see if both' could not be pre sented; • A Gentleman here observed that, on his hearing the first address read, his feelings were entirely with it. It was individually Mr. Cobden that they should congratulate, and there was no man in the country who deserved their.confi dence more than Mr. Cobden, and he thought it would he as little as they could, in deference to Mr. Brown, to adopt his address. Mr. Rawlins said, nobody 'could say that he would not approve of Mr. Cobden, and he was exceedingly sorry to differ froth Mr. Brown ; "not in anything - he had said in the address, • hut there was so much in the one- read by Mr. Jeffery, that he would be very sorry that the present ap portunityshould be lost in presenting it,' not only to Mr. Cobden, but to the country' at large. (Hear, hear.) It did go a long way in recommending direct taxation, in oppositiou to indirect taxation. He would not say one word as to what Mr. Cobden might do ; but as they had expressed in that address a hope that he would carry out the principles of. free trade, he did hope that this opportunity would not be lost in presenting the address read by Mr. Jeffery. Mr. Shell hoped there weula bexoslivision. on the subject of 'an address to a man that was se well known as Mr. Cobden. ' He thought it 'was unneeessary to go at much length into detail, as it seemed to him to be the reverse of a compliment to Mr. Cobden. Mr.. Molyneux agreed with the remarks of Mr. Shell, and proposed that both addresses be presented. Mr. Boult said the free-trade question had been at a stand-still for some time paSt, and they all knew that there were protective duties remaining, arid that such things as, raw material for manufacture,were sometimes levied upon. He did not think that reformers would be able to carry their measures without a full - expression of the people without. He seconded the proposal of Mr. Rawlins. After some farther discussion, 'Mr. Jeffery withdrew his address, and Mr. Brown's was'unanimously adopted. Mr. Gladstone then vacated the chair, in order that Mr. Brown should take it and sign the 'address as chairman of the meeting. Mr. Jeffery then said, as they had come to a resolution, it would be their next duty to carry that into, effect ; and he therefore moved that a deputation be appointed to present Mr. Cobden with the address at the Adelphi Hotel. Mr. Gladstone said he thought it would be well for as many of them to go -as might find it, convenient, and requested that the members of the Financial Reform Association remain behind, in order to take into considera tion the propriety of presenting the address read by Mr. Jef f ery as from that body. A vote of thanks was then proposed to the chairman, and the meeting adjourned to the Adelphi. Hotel. THE PROCEEDINGS AT THE ADELPHI. A large number of - gentlemen assembled in one of the rooms at the Adelphi, and in a short time Mr. Cobden made his appearance, and was hailed with cheers. After the private congratulations of several gentlemen in the room, Mr. Brown, addressing Mr. Cobden, said that he had just come from a large meeting of the inhabitants of Liverpool, which had been held for the purpose of deciding upon an address to him Afr, c01)4 1 ) Ou his return. to hks Ratiya • t'r . .61 3,3 Fcow ' if; 1r3116-ii 3 O , ' 7T E iftyjnff , ,ti Cliff .tte SR .noi33sia ad,h.;;r„! `id rkt,:d '....11T1 ,JA? TAR NORTHERN TIMES, THURSDAY, JUNE 30 tsro land. The address which would now be read, was unani- who was certainly as despotic as Napoleon is, I think the measly carried by that meeting, and signed by the chairman. Italians may be excused for lending a too credulous ear to Mr. Ryley then read the address. the promises from the other side of Alps to assist them rof h Mr. Cobden said : Gentlemen, having just stepped ashore to get o Austrians.ndoft he isthe opinion lt may , t not those b o se eon uninteresting the other from the steamer which conveyed me e from America, having t sidea to ' know what of the water. • I am bound to say, that wherever had a scßiaitiat diftleidt although hot lengthened pasiage ; been, amongst all classes, whether in the UnitectSeatel r and--being,-myself one of -the very- worst efesailorsein the in--Canada; - I - have - found - bat onenoptnion, and thithVie sympathy . with the Italians, arid hearty good wishes for t 11 world, fur even the ladies laughed . at my sufferings, I was success of the French :armaments. (Hear, hear.) At th. 4 so much worse than any other at sea —(laughter) --my head same*time, it is coupled with the belief that therd is.still swimming with the effects of the voyage, and being is nothine, in the strife that is now raging in that blood . utterly unacquainted with the state of politics in the, country, arena, which canin anywise prove inimical to the interest. I of Eneland. I have also heard it remarked that they leo having not seen a newspaper until the pilot Came On board; for ,twenty-six days, you will at once, think, admit that with dread to the amount of preparation that is being" mad in England,--(hear, hear)—to what is said by those it would be presumption of me to attempt to offer any gentlemen speaking ,in public for the purpose of preparin g lengthened remarks to you upon this occasion. We had against eventualities. that, is the word which_l belieye used. The opinion in the United States is that the war difficulties, as I have stated, and troubles in our voyage. We between the two great powers on the Continent does not encountered great masses of ice, which detained us twenty- inyolve danger to England more than if those two powers tour hours, and we were for half a day in the midst of ice- were at peace, and each keeping their standing armies unem-: bergs. It was very cold; the teirpetature descended to a ployed. I once heard a simile upon that in America. • When . winter climate. I may say, however, that if I had landed speaking thatssupvoenela subject saw w ectit wtaso said"ifl w were a o t us sea, in feela from the midst of these, icebergs , the warm and cordial much more at ease if pirates,ey were fighting' reception which met me here would have soon restored me with each other than if they were standing aloof ready to to a summer temperature. (Applause.) Gentlemen, the fire on me." (Hear, hear, and laughter.) I hope we shall address which Mr. Brown. has bean so kind as to present me keep the power in our own hands, and that the government of this country will so act that - foreign countries- may know with, and which I value the more because of its having been that on this occasion we will licit alloW the blood of England to presented. through the medium of my much esteemed friend, •be wasted for. 'foreign purPoses or objects. (Hear, hear.) alludes to the receptionwhichlhavemet with in America, and Now, gentlemen, there has been a reference made in your as this is the first occasion after teaching my native shores kind address—and you will forgive me for the imperfect manner in which I.have touched upon these topics—for a upon which I have an opportunity of saying one word upon copy of the address has not been furnished to me indeed, that subject, I should be wanting to myself if I did not it could not have been, and I was not, therefore, prepared take this occasion for saying that the kindnesses—the to make a reply, such as I misf,ht have made, after considera touching kindnesses—and the numberless courtesies which tion ;_ you will therefore. pardon any omis4ons I may make. But with regard to one subject to which the address alludes, I have met with in America, in all ranks, from the highest that of my taking office in the - Government of Lord to the lowest —if I may use the epithet of ranks in a Palmerston, I really feel, to, use an expression of our good country where there is an assumed equality—have left an American friends' I really feel so badly posted up on our impressien - upon my heart which will Only - be effaced by i t tli t t s ic o s b h ec er t e,. tl t ta r t , c t i t i l i e it p e i l l i o n t a c b a le m t e o ofnoribno board, og o in w io i n t r e death (A.lylause.) It seemed to me that the r i ver, I ) had no idea of anything that had happened for easecunrerneravenneninesemettreniome - the - less I had occasion twenty-six days,.. rlearn now; for the first time, that Lord to feel myself abroad, and the more I found myself among Derby's Government has been overthrown; and •anothei friends. I was not aware, certainly; of the number of my Government has been formed in its place. Of the principles upon which that Government has been based, or how it is friends until I went to America ; and I take this opportunity f orme d, I am entirely ignorant,. except what . I of tendering to those on thdother side of the Atlantic, from have gathered from the fragmentary conversation whom I have had such kind and • unlocked-for attentions, I have had since I came into this house. I am, therefore, the warmest. tribute of my gratitude. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, with regard to the appreciation of the free-trade principles, 'uiteimprepared to say anything on the subject. Nothing could surprise me more than when I found myself mixed up in the Contemplated arrangements. I' have a letter in my to which you have alluded, I take it that the kind reception pocket from TAM Palmerston, written very corteously, which I have met with in America; particularly in -the offering me an appointment to the Board of Trade. I think to answer that letter is due to me. in the first pin' e - (Hear, hear.) But I say, that the answer I send to that letter will remoter Western States, which are more and more devoted to the production of 'grains and provisions adapted to the be founded entirely upon what I believe.to be the interests European • market, may be, regarded as - a proof of the of the public. On this queetion you will be good enough manner in which , those+ measure'shavo been appreciated t o bear in mind, that in a case of this kind, the party him in those remote regions. (Cheers.) I have not the self interested, is the only one who can form a correct judge ment, or come to a right conclusion on the question, because least doubt in the world that the views which were always it is he alone that bears the responsibility of the step he expressed by nay friend on my left, in regard_ to the effects takes. However kindly friends may . advise one course or which would be produced in 'America by a repeal of our the other, they cannot afterwards share his responsibility, and, therefore, he ought, in duty to himself as well as to the corn laws, hive been amply reali,sed, and that we have made public, to be - veryedeliberate and careful in' coming to a strong and fast friends, and bound them in ties of interest deci s ion on the matter. I shall say no more on that subject in the 'remotest regions of that country, who feel now that than that, so . far .as my humble judgment enables me they have a benefit in peaceful relations with this ,country, to decide, I will take the course which I believe will bemost conducive to the interests of the public. And in doing so, I which will ever make them allies and partisans of the cause feel that amongst gentlemen such as I have the honour now to of peace between America and England. (Cheers.) Indeed, see around -me, who have shown me such kind, and, indeed, I from the opportunities I have had in' America of observing may sey, undeserved . welceme--- (no, re)HI feel that I shall the tendencies of opinion there, although, I was not sanguine illeave a candid and friendly interpretation in whatever may the course which I shall be bound to take. I sincerely y upon the subject when I went out, yet I may say that I thank' you,- gentlemen, for the kindness which you have have Come back with the belief that there is shown towards- ; and I thank you; Mr. Brown, • and a more cordial feeling of attachment between the old and congratulate you on the good health which you are I- am sorry to find that you have removed your selfthe new country, than the ordinary channels of public enjoying. from the troubles of public life, although I see you have opinion would enable us to. appreciate. • (Hear, hear.) not ceased to pursue your path of usefulness. I thank you, America and England seem to me to occupy the same relation gentlemen, again, for the kind and warm -reception which • to each other Which, it is said, Goldsmith had towards Dr. you have given me, and beg to withdraw. Before Air Cobden had retired, Johnson. The gruff old .doctor :liked to scold Goldsmith Mr. Gladstone stepped forward, and stated that the himself, but he would never allovi anybody else to scold him FINANCIAL REFORM ASSOCIATION without taking his part. (Hear, hear, and. laughter.) I had entrusted him, as one of a deputation, with an address have no doubt in the world, from all that I have seen in my which had been read at the meeting that adopted the • travels the - : United States, that were it with his (Mr. possible that address already presente d . M r. J e ff ery wou ld now rea d England could find herself in a .position where she was Cobden's) permission, that address . hard pressed by enemies in Europe, give her but a good Mr.` Jeffery then read the address. cause, • and :give- her the . necessity -for help, and I have Mr. Cobden. said, he had long had the opportunity of not the least doubt in the world, from all I heard in all observing the sound, but somewhat bold, and lie might say, quarters of the United States, 'that •nothing could prevent, audacious' declaration of principles by the' Liyerpoel Finan i the ulation of the United cial Reform Association. He.believed them to. be sound in n case of such an emergency, pep principle—as sound as the principles for the repeal of the States—the great bulk, at least, of the population of the Corn Laws. (Hear, hear). He believed' that the man, United States—from hurrying to the rescue of the old or the body of men that should be able to accomplish the abolition of customs and excise in this, or any other mother country. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) Ide not say this' with any idea that we are likely to need help. (Hear, country, would be the greatest benefactor that country ever saw or could possibly receive. And, although he might hear.) I think England is strong enough to hold her own ; at once say, and he said it without at all contemplating any and it is the opinion 'of • America that She is -well able to prospective embarrassment from being President of the hold her own in a_just cause, against any, enemies ; but l upon the Board of. Trade—(laughter)—that he looked adoption of that i of those principles at present as impracticable, and Mention it as a fact which came under my obser- he observed n the address the Financial Reform Asso yation from all quarters. I never met an exception elation guarded themselves by saying that they wished the to the expression of opinion in that direction when- principles to be carried • out as soon as might be, yet, on revelving . The subject in 'his own mind, he had frequently ever the subject was mooted - ;and I, 'therefore, mention been in doubt whether. they were not all under the same it merely as a fact 'nothing under my observation, but delusion with regard to the question of direct and indirect without wishing that it should be in the slightest degree taxation which 'Sir Robert 'Peel was under with.regard to the applied to the circumstances of the present time. . (Hear, practicability of apPlying,the freenrnele principles as between hear.) I agree with the address just read, that we ought, protection and free trade. So far as lie could understand in the case of this_ war, to preserve a 'strict neutrality. , the workings 'of the mind of Sir Robert Peel—and it was (Cries of hear, hear.) And, gentlemen, on reading, as I his business, as sitting opposite to him for many years, to have done, - in ,America, the papers. from Eagland, • and watch the proceesses which went on in the judgment and looking at them perhaps with more calmness than could be views of an individual in whose decision he felt there was so clone lientliese who lived on the e spot, and in the midst of much involved it always appeared to him that Sir Robert the , daily struggte of politics—on reading , the English Peel was, from the' first, as good a free-trader as any of papers, and the reports of the speeches of our public men them. He believed in Adam Smith and free-trade just as upon the subject of neutrality, I must say -that I found much as he took sound views on currency ; but he had got expressions in their declarations of the principles of neutra- the impression that it was impossible to carry out the which seemed to me to ,be rather calculated to throw principles of free-trade without involving, as great an amount a doubt upon the strength of the principle - which•you advo- of injury to the protective interest as to render the thing en cate; and which I think, deserves to be - commented upon, tirely hopeless for-the attempt of any wise and prudent mi= although I confess my ,head is not in a state to deal with' nister. If, then, diScussions in Parliament did anything, he that ,or any other controversy, at present. My opinion is, thought it was that they tended to convince Sir Robert Peel that if we wish to keep neutral, we have the. power to keep that they were not only practicable, but that they might be neutral. . (Hear, hear, and cheers.) I believe that we are applied practically without involving such serious derange quite as well able to be neutral in this European struggle, ments 'as 'he had previously dreaded. He Was not quite I as the people of the United States are. (Hear, hear.) sure that many financial reforms were not in the first stage know that is the opinion of every intelligent man in' the of Sir Robert Peel's mind; as to taxation. He did United States, with whom- I have conversd,. But I per not put this forward as a thing which he would ,ceive that in the speeches of our public men, to which I have bring in in the House of Commons, but he put referred, the speakers always spoke of our preserving it forward as a matter of doubt in his own mind neutrality as.long as we are able to preserve it. I perceive whether, if they could sweep the customs and in some cases the phrase used that we should -provide excise off, and substitute the whole amount of against all emergencies, for there is no knowing what taxation which they required to levy on property, bringing .events may turn up. I again find it said that we may in labour, probably in the most moderate form, by a capita be inveigled into the strife. Why, this is the old story tion tax, as they do in America, which is a mere nominal rover again with which we 'drifted into the war • before. duty—he was not quite sure that, if that were done, there (Hear, hear, and ' cheers.) It seems to me that the would not be such an increased growth of wealth in pro- English people have taken the initiative on this occasion, perty in this island in consequence of their having and have, probably for the first time in the history - converted it into a free port—in fact, giving England of the country, taken a bold stand - upon the all the start that Singapore and Hamburgh only safe ground, that is, of declaring beforehand derived from the adoption of free trade there—he was not to the Government of the country that they will - clear that at the end of ten years every owner of property maintain neutrality (hear, hear, and cheers), that they will would not. find that he was so much the better for the maintain neutrality in all cases, except the safety and the increased value of property ; that railway shares, in conse interests of this country be directly menaced. (Hear, hear.) "sitience 'of the increase - of traffic, were so increased in value ; And Ido not flinch from stating what I mean by being that land, that precious commodity which cannot be in directly menaced. I will take the case of Germany. I creased n extent, had become so immensely more valuable, observe, on reading the papers, at a remote distance from I owing to the growth of wealth in this great island port. He the scene of operations,. that there is a great movement of was not quite sure that when the o wner of p ro p ert y made u p troops, and a great clamour among certain parts of the his accounts at the end of ten years, that it would not be population of Germany for war with France, in defence of found that he was the greatest gainer of anybody by the Austria ; and it seems to me that such States as Bavaria, adoption of the system. Of course, he always assumed that and possibly Hanover, and some others of the most back- if they had their taxation levied by direct impost, they would ward- States of Germany, are most anxious to precipitate not spend 70 - or 80 millions annually, but would think 70 that great confederacy into the European strife. Now, I or 80 millions quite enough; and upon that question should like the people of England to give that portion of he had some' facts thrown in his way while travel the German population to understand distinctly that if they ling in the United States, which made him frequently commence an attack upon Louis Napoleon this country revolve the matter in his own mind. He found, for instance, will not come to help them if they are attacked in return. that in America, although the taxation for the general (Hear, hear, and cheers.) With regard to the war itself, Foderal Government, amounting to the tax of fourteen or gentlemen, I may say that Ido not look with so much fifteen millions sterling ner annum—say rather from twelve hopefulness as some persons do to the effects of the war to fifteen millions sterling r annum—although that tax was upon the destinies of Italy and the Italian people, but I levied by customs duties only, with the exception of a small must be allowed, at the same time, to say that my sync- amount accruing from the sale of public land e yet all the pathies are wholly with that people. (Hear, hear, and cheers.) internal expenditure of the state was levied by a direct impost I think, when youhave a race superior, as I believe that race to upon property, and a small capitation tax which took in be, to the race which is domineering over them, which is I labour, amounting to some five or six shillings a year, as governing them against their own consent—so much so that the ease might be. On travelling into the interior he was if the population of the whole country could be polled, they astonished at the amount of direct taxation which some would be found to be 99-out of every 100 against Austrian individuals paid. He remembered in Cineinnatti looking rule at all in Italy—l believe such being the case, that at the cellars of a gentlemen who grew the new wine which our sympathies, if we are true to our own prineipleS, had become so celebrated on the banks of the Ohio. He ought to be with that race. (Hear,' hear, and loud was known to laim to be one of the richest men in Cincin cheers.) And, I say, moreover, gentlemen, that natti, the 'proprietor of these vineyards. The gent leman if we were placed in the positionjn which the Italians are, was not in, but his partner told him (Mr. Cobden) we should not be very scrupulous as to what source we 1 , lee e that g entleman • paid last year in direct m m 0 might get assistance fro' get rid of the Austrians. as the Americen W 1 nptoe: the services of Louis c q X 4 k - tia taxation, towards the expenses of the Statn VI. of Ohio, the county in which he lived, and the city bt • •.1 J.) .1).;t; 7!.•• • - ,F.;rift:T my)1;0 .91t1TI. d:t7 1 1"Ot ,for•Ti , :iLT .I,a , ii ( ) Ltlel ( 3..)(f-n4) 'Do ,:ism '.)C Lzt: IfTrf;'.• r:!:1 1.7 C - 71 , s11111zL; ifr, ,fr.6!111,1_ . (c':;t :~^: < ,:sic:: GCE t. , cr lo a %)t Cincinnati, an amount which he was almost afraid to repeat —an amount of 35,000 dollars, or £7,000. The other amounts he had heard of as being paid by the richer men iu other towns, such as Chicago or Buffalo, places really hardly known on our maps, or scarcely ever taught in our s :pools, but great and flourishing cities nevertheless—even !nothing quite striking and enormous. But the point lie wished to cline was thiS that ays-, - tam of taxation did' not seem to hint.. in the siikhtest degree to impede the prosperity of , the. districts. . - (o r i e i of hear, hear.) . Ori turning the thing over in his mind, Jul came to the' conclusiOn, that if it were proposed to . substitutn any other form of taxation, such as was resorted to in Europe to raise the necessary expenses for the government of cities, such as an octroi impeding the commerce svitiela came into Cincinnatti, and putting up barriers through Which every one passing would'be called upon to pay toll; or any other-of the devices with which, on the Continent of Europe, the municipal: and local expenses were met, he would venture to say that the prosperous and rich gentlemen who • paid such large amounts in direct taxation would be the very first to protest against any change•inyolving such an interruption to the commerce of their city. (Hear, hear.) He mentioned this, not intending to follow up the topic, because, as he said befate, it was one' of those things which he was sorry to say was not a practical, question at present; but he con gratulated the Finance Reform Association upon. having for years kept the lamp burning in the midst of what he might call external .- darkness. (Hear, hear.) They were very much to - be honoured 'for having, although - - finding themselves in , a small minority, kept up the principles which they. believed -to be truth, which he believed to be truth, and which he believed people would more and more. , recognise to be truth. (Hear, hear:) He did not think it impossible that the time would come when these prineiples• would be considered not as an abstract truth, but as' a question which,statesmen and politicians could carry out just as Sir Robert Peel carried out the principles of free. trade in corn, which a statesman. thirty years ago would have considered it mere madness tti.attempt to do in the way in which it had been done. (Hear, hear.) He thanked them again for their kind and friendly welcome.. . THE LIVERPOOL PEACE SOCIETY. Mr. J. B. Cooke then stepped forward, and said lie had been requested to deliver to Mr. Cobden an address on behalf of the Liveipool Peace Society. Tie said they felt that they would be considered somewhat impractical in their principles, and that they held principles which they could not hope Mr. Cobden altogether to acquiesce in .; but they were_ quite willing . to jeave such portions as were practical in the present time in the, hands of Mr. Cobden. He (Mr. Cooke) 'did not wish to trouble Mr.' Cobden by reading an address, but merely. to wish _him a cordial welcome, and to express their congratulations on his return to Parliament and public life. - • , ADDRESS OF THE PEACE SOCIETY. My dear Sir ' —I am directed by the committee of the Liverpool Peace Society to tender you their sincere congra tulations on your resuming your position in Parliament, and especially on your having been called to take office in the executive branch of the Government. "We beg to express our attachment to you by ties of gratitude for your exertions as a foremost member of the Peace party. That the old political leaders, who have hitherto exhi bited a hopeless lukewarmness, if not stood in actual oppo- Sition to your views, should have been compelled, by the development of circumstances and the enlightenment of public opinion, to invite your co-operation, knowing the terms on which alone your acceptance would be based, is to us a gratifying proof of the progress of the principles which you have so ably and courageously advocated. " A new epoch is before us. The time cannot be far distant when nations will learn, as smaller communities have long done, to substitute the majesty of law for the fiendish destructiveness and logical absurdity of physical force. "As an association founded on a Christian basis, we must admit the abstract duty of peace under all circumstances ; but we shall hail with thankfulness, and support with what energy we can muster, such a practical approximation to our position as is to be found in the plan which you have politically initiated—namely, a proportionate disarmament of individual nations, and the establishment of a federal court, or system of arbitration, for the settlement of inter national_ disputes. LIVERPOOL POLICE INTELLIGENCE.--Yesterday. It FFORE MR. MANSFIELD. ROPE STEALING. - Evan Foulks, Was charged for having stolen 60 lbs. of rope from the salvage men, at the place where the fire was on Saturday, in Robert-street North, Mr. Block defended. A man named Pat. Lexton, who was one - onlie - W - ateliifieli - iit - the - plriee, said he saw the Prisoner take the ropes, and he had arrested. Mr. Pluck..- ' What are you, sir? Wifiras (with - exulta'ion). lam a pensioner, dischared from the army, with a shilling a day, and a good character. 1Z Bluct z you are a lucky fellow—l suppose yon have se some 'service ? Yes sir, I've seen some clouting matches in my. time. The prisoner was sent to gaol, and fourteen days with hard labour. Tins VicrontA BURIAL SOCIETY. --A big' fellow, named Pat Hanlon, a dock labourer, was charged with having assaulted three police officers. The . prisoner wanted to get into a disorderly meeting of the above nam( , tl society, that was held on Tuesday night, in St. Anuc-street. fle had no ticket, and was not a member of the body. When he was requested- to go ay.-ay; he, became - very disorderly, and assaulted the three officers most severely. One of the officers gave an awful description of the fight - that took place at the hall amongst the members of the Society, and. said, the people acted more like savage beasts than human beings. The assault was proved satisfactorily, and the prisoner-was fined £5, or three months imprison ment. ANNOYING A IlusnA.N . D.---A middle aged woman, well known as a frequent defendant at the Police-court, was brought up, by Police-constable Grey (61.5), for annoying. herjittsband, Mr. William Finehett, a whitesmith carrying oh business in -Button-street, but whose *residence is in School-lane. The constable stated that the 'defendant went daily to annoy her husband, or the person who was his housekeeper. Mr: Mansfield observed that this wretched woman' had frequently been before him for drunkenness, and had been no less than 21 months in gaol at different times. The complainant stated that he had, on a former occasion, agreed to allow his wife 55. per week, but recently she WI much annoyed him, and lie had five childrenq. to look after, and on Tuesday he was compelled to give her into custody. The housekeeper complained that the prisoner was in the habit of meeting the 4ildren and stripping _them of their clothes to get drink, and had made use of disgraceful language. She was bound over to keep the peace for six months. ASSAULTING A LANDLADY. —Eliza Davis, a fine looking young woman, was charged with committing a violent assault upon Mrs. Short, the proprietor of a public-honse in Hurst-street. It appeared from the statement of the com plainant, that the defendant entered the house and placed herself on the table, when the servant requested her to leave, if she did not want anything. The prisoner com menced abusing .the girl Wad afterwards struck her and a sailor, whom she hit in the eye, and was about to make her escape when she attacked the complainant in the passage and struck her violently, and subsequently threw a glass at her head which struck her on the temple and inflicted a severe wound. Mr. Cobb for the defence, admitted all the facts, but contended that the prisoner did not intend to strike the complainant with the glass, but the sailor, who had insulted. her in .the first instance. Mr. Mansfield considered the conduct of the prisoner most disgraceful, and orde r ed her to pay - a fine of £5, or be imprisoned for three months with hard labour. BEFORE MESSRS. J. ATKIN AND HOUGHTON. 13 t'irodc:swes_").Elf-J ;*. ,nr.arifntc ., k c :•:, ,, !03 - 1 4,10 re, edi .itoirrolerq atil b 1.,!!, w 1 Terfutsra 9:i? c: pi rrt , , , ftgi . !.; • "t ' ^ , j t : /L Ot - 0,a6 - t - etAta .1.100 , 1 i2:,,.,,s ue lana(j Ar!cT 11 soilf rt„!• , t,-„ .4 - ri . Or! Inspector Byres, of the 'Carriage Department, summoned Mr. Busby, for carryinc , 24 persons on an omnibus that was constructed to carry only 20, being only 11 feet 8 inches. Mr. Busby explained that it was the fault of a conductor taking a wrong bus, and a fine of lOs only was imposed. John Clarke, late a seaman -on the ship Martha, sum— moned the captain, William Scott, for £9 14s wages, alleged to be due. to him. Mr. Campbell was for the complainant, and Mr. Bluck for the defendant. The difference in dispute was £4. 3s 4d, and Mr. Bluck got.the account reduced 30s, and an order was made for the balance. • ELECTION INTELLIGENCE. OXFORD UNIVERSITY.— The Herald says the present slight majority for Mr. Gladstone is attributable merely to the number of his resident supporters, who, as well as the London electors, are pretty well exhausted. The Marquis of Chandos' committee, knowing that his lordship's strength is in` the country generally, have the greatest confidence in the remit!. The following is the third day's (yesterday) polling : Gladstone Chandos 591. The re-election of Mr. Knatchbull Huggesson, as Junior Lord of the Treasury, has been opposed at Sandwich; Close of the poll : " With the highest respect, and with a cordial welcome home to . yeur country, I subscribe myself, on behalf of. the above committee, "ISAAC B. COOKE, Hon. Sec." Mr. Cobden, in reply, said he was very much obliged to Mr. Cooke for his kindness. He was not ashamed at the present time to avow his adhesion to the priociples of peace, and he might say that any one labouring for the cause of peace, labouring to maintain peace, for the present he did not inquire, either Upon that question or upon any other question, whether the party with whom I agree so far has any ulterior object with : which I cannot entirely concur. If they could not come the whole length with him, he should he very much obliged indeed for the company of any one wonid go with him part of the distance. (Hear, bear.) I think there never was a time when the advocacy of peace ._ appearecltto be more necessary than now. Probably there N oßwi „. never was a time in the clatter of arms when there was Bury . less disposition than the present to give those Bignold principles a fair and candid consideration. But a time will come and will come before long — when Bolder° • suffering tax-payers, and when bleeding and disappointed Lord Bury, the ministers"' nations and nationalities will be, perhaps, better prepared WEST RIDING to appreciate appreciate the doctrines you advocate, and probably, in friends in 0- the end, turn to those principles as a means of relief which they have failed perhaps. to find in the opposite policy. He nal" said, before that he had heard frequent expressions of regret in America that the present preparations in England were so large. He thought there was sonndness in that . view. His theory was that what was found to be the case on the Continent, might be found true in our own case , that, Tim Nnw PUISNE JUDGE.—Yesterday, M. Justice having prepared enormous armaments, there might b e Cohie Blackbnrne took his seat in the Court of Queen's a disposition to try what use could be made of them. But Bench, in Guildhall, and disposed of several cases. understand him. He was not to be charged with any The town of Clermont Ferrand has been fixed upon by desire to see England at the mercy or forbearance of any the French government as the principal place of residence power on earth. He had no hesitation in saying publicly for the superior officers among the Austrian prisoners. what he had dozens of times said in private conversation, The Journal de la Corse states that upwards of I,ooo> that he would rather see another national 'debt expended Austrian prisoners are to be sent to Bastia, Calvi, an d in armies than have England for six months Bouifacio. Ajaccio is to receive some of the wounded of in the occupation of a French army. (Hear, hear.) Aye, the army of Italy.. even if that army came as professed friends. (Hear, hear, Sr. ANNE'S DISPENSARY, AND EYE AND EAR Tersrrru and cheers.) But he honoured the gentlemen who in season TION, 13, ROSE -HILL.—NOW patients entered on the books and out of season advocated the cause of peace. They last week, viz.:—Relieved at the institution, 208-; relieved should always find him true to the principles he had always at their own dwellings, 44 ; total, 252. Visitors : Messrs.. enunciated. If he had not a religious or a moral repugnance E, .Watts and George Jordan. Hon. Sec. and Treasurer, to war he hoped he should have an intellectual Joseph Kitchen, Es q. abhorrence of it, for it was the most stupid, as well as the THE Loss or Hen MAJESTY'S S most sinful, of all devices, to arrange the difficulties and despatch, dated the 12th April last, has been received from disputes of nations. (Cheers.) He was talking the other the govarnor of Victoria, New South Wales, stating that day to an eminent geologist in Quebec, on the subject of war. the colonial government steamer Victoria had returned to He said to the gentleman, what would the world say if the Melbourne, after an unsuccessful search for anything to rival schools ofgeology, those who advocate on the one side the induce the loss .of her Majesty's sloop Sappho in the igneous theory ; and those who advocate, on the other side, neighbourhood of Bass's Straits, although each island and the aqueous theory, were to leave the path of reason and rock in the vicinity of the Straits was examined by the ship. range themselves in battle array to fight out the question as or boat's, and the 'Victoria was assisted in her search by her to which was right. What would the world say, but that. Majesty's sloop Elk. they were a body of madmen, and that they should .be put GREEBA CASTLE ACADEMY, DOUGLAS, ISLE or MAN.—This under treatment as such ? The time would come, he hoped is the most delightful and beautiful spotany where to be found it would, and if they were true to their faith as Christians on the lovely island, and is "universally acknowledged to be the it must come, when the conduct of nations in resorting to healthiest. Few schools can offer so many advantages of the bloody arbitration of war to settle questions which in situation and coMfort as the above. It will be f o und in the end could only be'adjusted by a resort to reason and every respect suitable for the residence and education of the discussion, would be looked upon with the same abhorrence sons of the gentry.. First-class masters provided for each, —he meant intellectually—that men would be ashamed of branch of instruction. Prospectuses, with copper-plate it as reasoning beings, and that the world's opinion would be engraving of the castle, may be had on application. The strong enough to put under ban, and under restraint, any midsummer vacation will terminate on the 30th July. nation which should attempt to pursue so stupid a course. Pupils conducted to and from Liverpool by one of the (Applause.) masters, and to their residences, if required. tts Two SEAMEN SuiTocaren.—On Monday morning a most THE LIVERPOOL REFORM CLUB. distressing occurrence took place on board. the barque A deputation from the Liverpool Reform Club, consisting Malcolm, Captain Thomas Natt, of Newcastle, lying moored of Messrs. J. Cope, J. Robinson, Thompson, J. Hobbs, J. in one of the tiers off Cookson's Quay, in Shields harbour, M'Connal, J. M'Kay, and C. Millward, presented the follow- by which two of the crew lost their lives. The barque ing address : Malcolm arrived in the Tyne from Roc hester on Thursda y , and the vessel being infested with vermin it was deemed, "TO THE RIGHT HON. RICHARD COBDEN, M.P. advisable to " stove it." Conseq uentl y , on Saturda y ni ght , " Dear Sir,—Permit the Council and Members of the two charcoal fires were lighted and placed in the hold of the Liverpool Reform Club to offer their felicitations upon your b„que,tain strict orde y the safe and opportune return to your native country , during ea-ers at the same ti me bein g given b_ that the crew were to sleep. in the house on deck. your absence from which honours unparalleled have been From some reason or other, however, it appeared that on._ conferred upon you, by your unsought return to Parliament s un d av night four of the crew , named ;Tames L a ing, James for the borough of Rochdale,. and the high distinction of Prophet, Henry Jones, and 'William Wright, went from being appointed one of her M aj esty's a dvisers in the Council the house on deck, aft, and, taking with them a crowbar, of State, honours which, we trust, you will see your way to wrenched the forecastle hatch off, and went below to sleeps accept, and we do not doubt that you will for the future be o n Monday morning, about 6 o ' c l oc k, w hen the Plata called as in the past, the consistent advocate of civil, religious ; the men up, no answer was given, and some .wrcson went and commercial freedom. below, when a most distressing spectacle was presented to "(Signed on behalf of the Club.) view. Two of the men, Laing and ii'rophet, were lying "THOS. COPE, Hon. Sec. dead, and the other two appeared tr;be in a dying condition. "Reform Club, Liverpool, 29th Juue, 1859." Medical assistance-was inamedif:frely sought, and Dr." Coward Mr. Cobden, in his reply to the above address, urged the Wit speedily in attendanoo., and applied the usual remedies necessity of united action amongst the working classes, to Jones and.,Wrilb!,; but they still . remain in a very without which no really good measure of reform could be precarious conditi.P e n. The bodies of: Laing and Prophet established. Pis sympathies for the cause of progressive have been'rew.tiied by the river police to, the union work reform were not yeeakened by his recent experience in house. ' ,sin g is 17 years of age, and was, a native of America, c h 1 2, 1 " 16 .'et •.Proihet was 18 years of age, and was a native of Three cheers were then given for Mr. Coladen, 4-ontrose ' ; Jones, who still surTires, 14 24 years of age, and 'were followed by three cheers for -Rochdale, and the i s a n ative of Rochester ; Wright, who is also living, is 20 tatious then retired. years of age, and belongs to .43.104, Huggesson Sir J. Ferguson lBO. Sot rn WILTS.—The Right lion. Sydney Herbert was returned yesterday without opposition. BEuPonD.—Mr. Whitbread, the ministerial candidate, has been returned by a majority of from 60 to 70. NORWICH. — CIose of the poll : Bury Bignold Boldero Lord Bury, the ministerial candidate, is consequently elected* WEST RIDING OF YOKSHIRE.—Some of Stuart Wortley's friends in the West Riding having taken umbrage at his name appearing on the list of Mr. Gladstone's committee, he has written to defend the course he has taken in giving his vote to Mr. Gladstone. , %43$L`IIL'0~ •1 ...:LTfT ..