The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1832-11-27 00:00:00

THE TOMBS OF FOX AND PITT. By Sir Walter Scott.) To mute and to material things New life revolving summer brings ; The senial call dead Nature hears, And in her glory re-appears. gift oh r my Country's wintry state, What send spring shall renovate ? Whit powerful' call shall bid arise The buried warlike and the. wise ; The mind that thought for Britain's weal, • The hand that graspal the victor steel ? The vernal sun new life bestows Even on the meerrest flower that bIoeTS ; But.vainly, vainly may he shine Where Glory weeps o'er NELSON'S shrine, And vainly pierce the solem n g,loom, That shrouds . , 0 PITT, thy tiallow'd tom _ 6 Met graved in every Brifish heart, 0 never let those names depart ! Say to your sons,—Lo I lire his grave, Who victor died on Gadite wave; TO him as to the burning leein, Short, bright, resistless course was given ; Where'er his country's foes were found, Was heard the fated thiinder's sound, Till burst the bell on pander shore, Roil'd, blazed,: destroy'd,._and was no more. Nur mourn ye less his periali'd worth, Who bade the conqueror go forth, And lieunch'd that thuuderbolt of war Oh Egypt, Hada (*), Trafalgar ; Who, 'born to guide such high ernprize, For Britain's weal was early wise ; Alas ! to whom the Almighty gave, For Britain's sins, an early grave ; His worth, who, in his mightiest hour, A bauble held the pride of power, Spurn'd at the sordid lust of pelf, And served hie Albion foi-herSelf ; Who ; when the frantic crowd amain Ekrain'd at subjection's bursting rein, O'er their wild mood full Conquest gain'd, The pride, he would out crush, restrain'd, Sliew'd their fierce zeal a worthier cause, And brought the freeman's arm to aid the freeman's laws. Had'st thou but lived, though stripp'd of power, A watchman on the lonely tower, Thy thrilling trump had roused the land, When fraud or danger were at hand ; By thee, as by the beacon-light, Our pilots had kept course aright ; As some proud column, thou g h alone, Thy strength had propp'd the tottering throne ; Now is the stately column broke, The beadori-lightis quencli'd 'us smoke, The trumpet's silver sound is still, The warder silent on the hill ! Oh, think, how to his latest day, When death, just hovering, clann'd his prey, With Palinure's uealterd mood, Firm at his dangerous post he stood ; Each call for needful rest repell'd, With dying hand the rudder held, Till, in his fall, with fateful sway, The steerage of the realm gave way ! Then, while on Britain's thousand plains, One unpolluted church remains, Whose peaceful bells never sent around The bloody tocsin's maddening sound, But still, upon the hallew'd day, Convoke the swains to praise and pray ; While faith and civil peace are dear, Grace this cold marble with a tear, He who preserved them, PITT, lies here ! Nor yet suppress the generous sigh Because his Rival slumbers nigh ; Nor be thy requiescat dumb, Lest it be said o'er Fox's tomb. Fur talents Mourn, untimely lost, When best employed, and•wanted most : Mourn geirlds high, and tore prof oun d , And wit that loved to play, not wound ; And all the reasoning powers divine, To penetrate, resolve, combine ; And feelings keen, and fancy's glow,— , They sleep with him who sleeps below ! And, if then mourn'st they could not save From error hiin who owns this grave, Be every harsher thought suppress'd, And sacred be the last long rest.. Here, where the end of earthly things Lava heroes, patriots, bards, and kings ; Where stiff the hand, and still the tongue, Of those who fought, and spoke, and sung ; _Here, where the fretted aisles prolong The distant notes of holy song, As if some angel spoke agen, " Al peace on earth, good-will to men ;" If ever from an English heart, O, Mr'e let prejudice depart, And, partial feeling cast aside, • Record that Fax a. Briton died ! WherrEurope crouched to France's yoke; • And Austria bent, and Prussia broke, And the firm Russian's purpose brave Was barterd by s.tithorous slave, Even then dishonour's peace he spurn'd, The 'sidled olive-branch rdtirrn'd, Stood for hist country's glory fast, And nail'd her cobaurs to the mast ! Heaven, to reward his firmness, gave A portion in this honour'd grave. And refer held marble in its trust Of two such Wondrous wee the dust. With More than mortal towers enclow'd, How high they soard above the crowd I Theirs was no common party race, Jostling by dark intrigue for place ; Like fabled gods, their mighty war Shook realms andliations ei its jar • Beneath each banner pronti•to Staid, Look'd up the holiest of the htnd, Till through the - British world were known The names of PITT and Fox alone. Spells of such force rie wizard grave framed in &Ai Thessalian cave, Thotigh hid eefilti drain the ocean dry, And force the planets froth the sky. These spellsare spent, and, spent with these, The wine of life is on the lees. GehlteS, do taste, and talent "one, For ever tondfdlieneath the sterte, 'Where—taming thought to human pride ! The tnighty Chiefs asleep side by slide: Drop upon Fox's grave the tear, 'Twill trickle to his rival's bier ; O'er Pier's the mournful requiem sound, And Fox'S shalithe notes rebound. The solemn echo seerns to cry,— " Here let their discord with their die. :VA not fur those a separate doom, ,\ horn Fate made Brothers in the tomb ; But search the land of living men, Where wilt thou find their like agen 1" ' Copenhagen. LORD' SANDON'S ELEC:11011L TO THE EDITOR OF THE' LIVERPOOL STANDARD. SlR,—Being in the habit of looking into tiiat part of the press of this great town, for that instruction, in politica l which it so gratuitously and indefatig-ably tenders t o i t s r e a d ers . have been, l a tt er ly, m a c h struck with the assiduity of its - abuse of Lord Sandon. Article afte - r article have - been devoted to the exposure of his demerits; to' the.setting fbrth, by contrast, of the immense superiority, in every respect, of his colleague Mt. Ewart, and to all the advantages which the community may look for from the substitution (if it can be aceomplished.): of a practical Merchant, Mr. Thomas Thoraely, for one Who is termed an ignorant scion - of the aristocracy. The motives or these writers it would be, of course, preSttraptuous to question, but the object of so mad niay - be pi*surrictl not wiry im portant but difficult. If Lord 'C,andon, c - oniparittively un known, on a recent contest put Mr. Thornely, in four hours, in a minority of 9iNl;, these best of all possill: instructors - May tvell consider their present task aa arduouS one, being , nothing than to convince a very enlightened constituency, that a must able and indefatigable representat,ive is, when knor.a its such, unworthy the confidence bestowed on him wlien a stranger. But being a plain man, and rather suspicious of nien's asser tion's, I. shalt put to the test of more particular inquiry tiwse accusations against Lord ffandon, which are Ist. That he has not had th e good' fortune to Have been born' in , Liverpool. 2d. That he is not a Liverpool merchant. 34. That he has had the disadVanttage riot only to have been born in the aristocracy, but to have received - and to have pro fited by a liberal edacation. 4th. That during hiS representation of this place he has re fused to bind himself implicitly to the ear of the minister, and • has dared to think for himself. These charges•being, unhappily; WO trae, and, therefore, in capable of contradiction, it only remains for me to eadeavour. to extentate their gravamen. ' In the guilt of the two first charges he ha..the mi'sfOrtnneto participate with oar, late lamented' representatives Canning and and if look to the manner of 'their return when opposed, their estimation when living; and the regret fir them dead, it does not appear that, heretofoi-e, these 'have been !deemed serious disqualifications in this place. But, in fact, unless the eXchiSive diredida of tlie mind to one object, and one Only be held, the best' preparation for the dit ties of a kgiskttor on all the varied subjects which, in this great empire, must be presented to his consideratibn, would yeti !tare to exptese my doubt, whether a life froni the age of 13 to 54 devoted exclusively to OOtairterte,, and to one branch only, (the American trade;) withont the advantap of a liberal edn cation previously,_ will confer air the . quaiincationg which the representative in Parlianierit or this great community may b e required to possess. As Ido not think - tinfaVourahiy of Mr: Thornely persanally,-I shalt not allude to the posSibilify of his having any nattere bins to the interests of his 'hest customers, should these happen to clash with those of his country or eon stitterity; but I think it must be ad'initterf by even the most prejudiced, that a liberal education, good talents and habits, of application, w hi c h h ave neVbf been denied', eve* Fry the oppo 'flats of Lord Sandon, and which we know Min to possess, hold' out aS•gocid a prospect 'of an efficient representative as the ne cessarily confined' Of a inn of bresiness, thoirgh - a practi cal one, can proMise. The habits of interednrse - with oliicial men, and' the weight Which most attatli to his tank of life, sup p‘orted, as with him, by a very high eharatter' in society, have . probably been found in the case of Lord S'''andon, not to de tract from the influence which the representation of Liverpool ought to possess. And in his eleniption from hit:al and per sonarpartialities and prejudices' we mast endeavour to excuse. ['Lewd Sanclon fltt his probable iniaequaintance with the current prices and relative value Of 13Oweds and Orleans. With respect' to the fourth allegation against' him', nerd' San don' has supported R'efOrm independently, riot His Majesty's Ministers implicitly; he has supported it in all in great es sentials, as considering it the adjustment of the question, and with the hope ' as expressed by the ministers, that it may fire found, by the" temoti,al of defects, to . give stability and vigour to the trunk. Arid; mr. Thornely, or any other op ponent, shalt challeng e th e support of the enlightened and , loyal town of Liverpool by the avowal of a desire for such further' changes as would overturn and uproot this venerable tree, he cannot, by such means endeavour to obtain even their sup port. But Ido persuade' myself, that peace abroad, economy ;xt home, the abotition of every restriction on commerce, and the - termination of negro slavery so soon as it can be rendered compatible with justice and humanity, will ever find in Lord Sandon a warm and strenuous supporter, and he will leave to his opponents' whatever advantage they can• derive in this cu lightened community, from any avowal they may make of a reacliness to go forward to precipitate and more extensive inuo vations.--Yoars, &c. VINDEX, MR. THORNELPS ADDRESS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STaNDARD. SlR,—Before fulfilling my promise of returning to the consi deration of the remaining items of Mr. Thornely's address, al low me to congratulate yon, the public, and the public's cause, on the manly, and straight-forward manner in which you- have de clared your determination to support our excellent Church Establishment, regardless of the shafts of a Radically Dissent ing local press, not in the least intimidated by the circumstance of making your first appearance in times rife with discontent, as well with our religious as civil polity. Let us now turn our attention to that paragraph in which Mr. Thornely tells us that " to abolish pensions will be among the most important objects of a Reformed Parliament." I Will not now occupy your valuable space With a repetition of the absurd arguments which tell us that the retired servants of the public deserve no remuneration for the services which they may have rendered to the country, but will merely show the inconsistency of this vaunted hero of political perfection with himself. Premising, then, that Mr. Thornely's object in "renewing his offers of service to the electors" of this town, is that he may be one of that illustrious body (which, by the Way, constituted as he would wish, is, it is to be hoped, desti n ed t o ex i st now h ere; save in the heated and confused brains of himself and 'his brother Radicals,) who, as if by a magici an ' s wan d, are t o change and remodel the constitution of this mighty empire, effecting these innovations by mob influence, and bringing for ward, in extenuation of their revolutionary inroads, arguments such as those afforded by the Bristol riots, which were alluded to as unanswerable proofs that the country was anxious for the bill; when, by means of a pOWerful press, paid to teach sedition and run down everything that savours of obedience to the laws, the scum of a large town, who had been reading for the last year, in houses licensed to sell beer, that the rich are the oppres sors of the poor, were stirred up, and, by the training of a few chairmen of political unions, sufficiently organised to burn, pillage, and destroy a fine and flourishing city : premising, I say, that it is Mr. Thornely's aim to be One of this body, it is of course his aim to abolish pensions. Now he can defend this spoliation of the servants of the public, their widows and or phans, oil no other plea than that of the most rigid economy. tiow then does this rigid economist account for his support of that " great measure" which has created, by its single enact ment, three hundred new places ' the duties of which have, for some time past, been perf o r me d at the trifling expense to the country of jitietin hundred guineds per die m and etceteras? How can he ave any affection for that Government who stand convicted of having taken some odd shillings from the salaries of excisemen and starving clerks in public offices, by which we individually gain sundry farthings, and of raising the house duties to a degree altogether without precedent, by which our purses are disburthened of 'a good many pounds ? Enough - of this.—What claims on the electors of Liverpool, has he for his free trade paragraph ? Let those versed in such matters determine. Let bun beware, however, of treading in the footsteps of Ministers, a n d, i n p ursuance f the Whig sys tem of oppressing colonies, let him not hope fer the support, of an enlightened community, by such measures as the taxation of the Cape wine of the humbler tradesman, that they may re lieve the claret of the most worthy gentleman, to the ruin of our own grower. If Mr. Thornely will only judge impartially, and act up to his declarations on the slave question, that highly respectable and influential body, the Westlndian merchants, will have less I cause of complaint than his own friends, who must of necessity upbraid him with departing from their favourite inaxini— o f d e _ ciclin upon the merits of a question when only in possession of ex-parte and garbled evidence. His attack on chartered bodies, and more especially on the munificent corporation of this town, is worthy of this modest candidate. _ It now remains for us to consider his opinions on education. For sometime I was loth to suppose he could wish for this country the adoption of a system such as our blundering and sabbath-breaking Government have introduced into the 'sister country; but, when a placard appears on the walls of our town, holding up Lord iandon to th e o bl oqu y an d contempt of " Christians,' ter opposing the mutilation of the sacred text, we can no longer doubt that it is Mr. Thornely's wish to see in operation here a system having for its b as is that "tol e r a ti on o f . religious opinions' , which is evinced by taking passages apart from the contex.t, and re-translating those texts which uphold, all their purity, the tenets of the Reformed Church of Eng land and Ireland, to succumb to the views ot' the enemies of re ligion and the votaries of a cree d f uun d e d on reason apart from revelation! !! Passing from the • consideration of this to the next sentence, we find him declaring his conviction that " all taxes which tend to limit the diffusion of knowledge should be repealed at the earliest possible period." Here I would remark, that in this age, when the fashion is to underrate the talent and exer tions of the educated and higher classes of society, and it is supposed that all the. "mind" is to be found in the lowest, I cannot help thinking that much harm is threatened- to them both by the extent to which education is now carried, as the system has gone too far. I wish no useful light to be extin guished. Let the persons who wish for education receive it. `But it appears to me that, in our large towns, it is forced upon the population ; and that sciences which, at best, the lower !classes can only very superficially acquire, and political know ledge which they have not time to study, are improperly pre ' senoad to them, in consequenco of which they often become idle and conceited above their usual. laborious occupation. The unripe fruit of the tree of knowledge is always bitter or sour, and. scepticism and di4content—sickuesses of the Mind—ar e on en the resuitof d e v our i ng it. T o those, such as Mr. '1 hornely, •U ho doubt the above, 1 would recommend an anecdote, which, if properly appli e d, may be instructive.—when Diogenes, trampling . with his dirty feet on the embroidered couch of Plato, cried out, "'Thus do I trample on the pride of Plato!" the philomplier shook his head. and. replied, " Truly, but with More pride thou dust it, good Diegenes. ' Ta. offer a word on the paragraph of the address-affecting his religious tenets, after the luminous manner in which you have already shown his unfitness to represent a. Protestant and 'Tri nitarian, and, I may add, eivir-ecclesiastic, community, would betoken - as much presumption in' me - as Mr. Thornely has evinced in coming forward as a candidate for the representa tion of that people " among whom he was born," and who, thanks to . this circumstance, know sufficient of his principles to, revolt at the, idea of returni ng thi s suppor t er o f f a l se an d un constitutional freedom (which,. therefore, is unworthy the at tention of any. but those who prefer an immediate and jteeting Won to a Jived and moderate good,) as their represeutatiire 14 Patliament.—Yours, Nov. 24th, /832. CONSERVATOR. LORD SANDON'S CANVASS. TOIIR. JOSEPH PRNILINGTON: have read with astonishment a paragraph in the Jour nal Qf Saturday, and, a letter in the Albion of to-day, accusing me of having used threatening language towards you, in order to extort the promise of a vote in favour of Lord Sandon. If your assertions were correct I might let them pass; but as they are false, I cannot, in justice to the causes which I advocate, permit the public. to be so• misled a t a momen t lik e th e present. I therefore beg, Sir, when you instruct the editor of a paper to notice. a private conversation, or trouble yourself by writing a letter, that you. will adhere t o f ac t s .—l am your's, Sce. therton, - Nov. 26th, 1 . 832. JOHN SHAND. THE POST -OFFICE. TO. THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANIMRD. Sin,-Permit me to avail myself of your columns to notice the disgraceful manner in which letters are served at the stranger's window, to that portion of the public who do not thi n k i t abso lutely necessary to hire a " box" from the Post-master, and be ingmyself one of that number, with the advantage of a long ex perience, I flatter myself that I am adequate to a performance of the task. When a new clerk is engaged for the office, totally unac quainted with the routine of business, he is first placed at the " stranger's window" to be initiated in the " mysteries of his • arf," and the' consequence is, that from his inexperience the crowd accumulate before the window much more rapidly than he is able to satisfy' them. In addition to this he has to receive pwvment, for such letters as are intended to be "post paid," which, not unfrequentiy proves a great source of delay. In short, the duty he has to perform is more than sufficient tor any clerk, however competent he may be, by experience, to its dis charge ; but, however, if such an individual, a sharp clever young man, were placed in th e s it ua ti on, or t h e same one al lowed- to remain after he had acquired a knowledge of it, instead of being removed to serve at the "boxes," it would remove one well-grounded cause of complaint, for I candidly declare, (and it is well known to those who attend the first delivery in the morning,) it is utterly impossible to obtain letters without, at least, tisa minutes delay, even then at the hazard of a torn coat; and nut unfrequently have I waited, as I see many others, more than a quarter of an hour before I could venture to approach the window with any chance of success, which, in rainy wea ther, without any protection, is by no means an agreeable treat. I hope there will not be any need of further notice, but that the good sense of Mr. Banning will immediately suggest to him a remedy, which he, as well as the public, must clearly perceive is much needed.—Yours, &c. A. November Uth, 183'2. Vortrn. Much is the force of heaven-bred poesy. SITAKSPEARE. A CHILD'S MORNING• THOUGHTS, ( From the Saturday Magazine.) SnE the sun, how broad and red! He seems to touch that elm tree's head; See; about htm cling in crowds, Crimson, blue, and golden clouds ; And the sky above him glows, With a colour like the rose. See, what little shining heads, Hang upon the flowers and weeds ; All the lawn is covered quite With a veil of watery white ; And the distant meadows seem Almost hid in misty steam. Happy birds are on the wing ; Hark ! how loud and sWeet they sing ! See that speck upon the sky,— 'Tis a lark ; I saw her fly. Happy birds ! I'm happy too ; I will skip and sing with you. But before I run to play, Let me not forget to pray To him who kept me through the night;. Woke me with the morning light Made for sleep the darkness dim, And the day to worship Him. Lord ! may every rising sun See a better life begun ! May I love and serve Thee more Than I ever loved before ! In my work and in my play, Be Thou, Lord, with me to-day I ALBION CANDOUR. AND MODESTY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL ST.IND/IRD. was forcibly struck this morning, on reading the Albion newspaper, by the extreme virulence with which the editor attacks those who conscientiously differ from him " on matters of public interest." I could really hardly have be lieved that the respectable portion of the community here, who do not profess the doctrines of this gentleman, could have b een spoken of in a way s o un ge ntl eman l y and indecorous. These Whigs will not allow the least honour or uprightness to belong to their political opponents. They would monopolise all the correctness and. propriety of conduct, which I think pretty equally (to say the very least of it) divided at the present day. The editors of our local papers are continually attacking all those whose doctrines they dissent from, in no measured terms,; whilst, at the same time, they cannot hear the least re joinder to their own attacks, but instantly show the cloven foot. These reflections were suggested to me, as I before re marked, on reading the Albion of this day. I pass over the criticism of your new paper. This may be all fair ; but when this editor descends to personal scurrifity—when he slanders without measure those who do not stand en need of his praise— and when he holds up, by name, men of known chalacter in this town to the people as deserving of the brick-bat and blud geon system of the elegant London Times—then, Sic, I think he becomes an object of disgust to those who aught previonsq have thought well of him. 'those gentlemen who venture to think a Tory or Conserv a _ . tive paper congenial with their views, and who so thinking, offered their purses for its introduction, are. attacked as belong lug to a " 2ory Gazette and Slave Owners' Journal." Very elegant truly ! They are a set of. besotted individuals. They, forsooth, " are most respectfully (these besotted ignoramusses !) advised to leave politics and literature to men who understand such subjects! !" So that this editor is vastly well informed, by his own account. But "self-praise," &c. &c. Mr. Robert- son Gladstone (whom they must be jealous of), Mr. '1 hotuas Tobin, Sir George Drinkwater, and others, ar e mos t impu dently maligned and vilified. In another page Mr. .`7_,hand is the object of attack. He, I suppose, is on e o f th ose w h o h as no business to meddle in electioneering politics. hh ! no. The Tories have no right to bestir themselves. Ihe Radicals and Ultra-Radicals only have a right to canvass. Property is de barred its lawful and just influence by this "malaen wector." 1 should like to know whether Mr. liathbone, Mr. loonies Bolton, and others of that kidney, do not use their influence amongst those they consider in any way inuebted to them ? U elitist idea! They to use any influence with their tradesmen ! To imagine any thing so improper would indeed be a libel on those gentlemen ! But let theta put their hands on their hearts and say, if' they can, they have nut endeavoured to make others vote as they would wish; and then I, for one, readily agree that their's is " purification" of electioneering, and the "disenthralment" of their friends from all ties. Every success to your Standard, Sir. It is unfurled in a good cause ; and, rest assured, will easily overcome all attempts to overthrow it. Those lines, commencing with the words "Aims conscia recti," are applicable to its suture undoubted success. I am,, Sir, your W ell-Wisher, Liverpool, Nov. 26, 1832. COURT OP KING'S BENCH, WESTMINSTER, FRIDA Y , Nov. 23.—The King v. Doh er ty. —M r . J. Williams *(with whom was Mr. Tonilinson) prayed the judgment of the Court on the de fendant (John Doherty) for a libel on the Rev. Martin Gilpin, a clergyman, of Stockwell, in Lancashire, charging him with having been concerned in the disinterment of a dead body.— An affidavit of the defendant was put in; stating, that the facts which lie had published had been furnished to him by a person of the name of Worsley. He did not now aflilm the truth of the statement,- which had been denied by the affidavit of the prosecutor on moving for the rule for a criminal information.— Mr. D. Wakefield implored the mercy of the Court for the de fendant, on the ground that he had already undergone impri sonment, and been put to considerable expense.—'l he Court, taking all the circumstances into consideration, thought that a .slight punishment would satisfy the justice of the case, am! sentenced the defendant to one month's imprisonment in the county palatine of Chester, and to enter into a recognizance to keep Use peace and be of good behaviour fur five years, himself £lOO, and two sureties in #:111 each. COLONIAL SLAVERY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD . shall make no apology for sending- you the folloto s ' e remarks on Slavery, as it appears to me that the party who 0 ,„ making such strenuous efforts for its immediate abolition sts actuated by ignorance or by motives that they do not choose fe d avow. I presume it will be a d m itt e d , th a t s l avery has esi, te, from time immemorial. We ha ve an ear l y i nstance o f it bf corded in. the.37th chapter- of G enes i s , w h en J osep h was 501 d,,; his brethren to the Midianit es; an d i t i s evident, fr om the s' rative, that slavery had long existed, an d even at that Ten period it wa s v ery commo n ; f or , i u th e 17th chapt e r of tie ' ,0 sis, we ar e i n f or med, th a t Ab ra h am . "b oug h t men with inoil'T o s and, if you will refer to the last verse of the same chapter, L t d will find, that "the men of hi s h ouse, b orn i n t h e house, lit bought with. mo ney of th e s t ranger, were circumcised "1 him ;" and I humbly conceive, that, had bondage or slavery b e a t incompatible with. the wisdom an d decrees of Providence, - iu the covenant made with Abraham,. as mentioned in the sa chapter, we should have found him rebuked or forbidden; " litrynietr with- money of the stranger," as-setting a pa'urc example,. but no such prohibition appears in' the sacred jags. The- party who ate makin g such efforts for the in - O c t , e t ate abolition quote exultingly th e 22nd verse of the 24th char of Leviticus, as not to be reconciled with a state of savery.,l have seen the words quoted with a false refetence, as if the were afraicLof the reader's re currence t o th e passage, as it , be found. at the verse has no lati to bondage or s $ very :—" Ye th shall have one mannerre of law, on as well for t he stra:;, ger as for one of your own country." Now, Sir, this law d o not include the bondman or sla ve , as i s ev id ent f rom o t u,, parts of the sacred volume. In the 211th chapter of Levitics,., 20th verAe, we find, that the incontinent "bond-maid" is f a . s dered to be scour g ed, an d n ot p u t t o d ea th , "b ecause s he :',d, not free;" and in th e 22 n d c h a pt er o f D eu t eronomy, 23 r d a nd '2 verses, an Hebrew woman, for the very sameofience, is ord e ,4 to be stoned. It is, th ere f ore; ev id en t, th a t t h ere was ore I s, for' the bondwom a n and an o th er l aw -f or thefree. The Deb° • are repeatedly cautioned not to keep their brethren in boutlaq,'. and; in the 15th c hapter of Deuteronomy,. 12th v er se, it is vg, 4 ten, "If thy brother, an Hebr e w m an o r an Hebrew 'ivea' t h be sold unto thee and serve thee s i x y ears, th en, i n t h e se\ e i 'd year, thou. shalt let him go free from thee." 'I h a t thi s coma' e, does not apply t o , nor include strangers who were in bond'` f may be seen f rom th e 44 t h , 45th, and 40th vet sea of v e , 25th chapter of Leviticus :---"Both thy bondtnert and thvb ol: 'o maids which thou' shalt have, shall be. of the heathen that s ,,k, round about you; of them shall ye buy Loralmen and maids. Moreover, of the chi:then of the strangers that journ among you, of them shad ye buy, and of their that arc with you, which they begat in your land : and they s be your possession. And ye shad takt; them as an inheritu% . for your. children after you to inherit thorn for a possess it ' they shall be pour bondmeit fur emir."' *tei d Thus, under the Hebrew theocracy, slavery. was periavo and allowed to the same extentas it exists in oar colonies at.„, present time; and that which has been permitt e d an d 0.7 1 , firmed by an all-wise Providence will continue to exi s t, n 10; 3 standing the puny efforts of modern philanthropists, uld il o . shall please the Almi g hty, i n his peat mercy, to recall AI, dreatifulcurse on the progeny of Canaan, as recorded in the chapter of Gene s i s , 2oth - verse.—l am, &c., SHEnj TAXATION OF THE WORKING CLASSES• TO THE EDITOR OF THE LIVERPOOL ST.(IND. 43ITh these times, when our reforming - proPP e i, patriots indulge in misrep resen t at i on w h ere at a ll libel to promote their politi c al o bj ects , I h ave o b serve d tT . among the other delusions put forth by such of thei r tuagogues. as are candidates fOr seat s in the next ment, as well as by their advocates, in order to toiFi c ", the unguarded, and obtain undu e influence over then' , cry is raised for the repeal of those taxes on consumPtidnie to which the working-classes now contribute, and for . 1 . substitution of a tax on property and income i n 0 0 3 place, proposing in this way to raease that class fal l ' pressure to which it is asserted they ate now subject' to That such would not be the result, was. this • celuse to be adopted, I think there is no dificulty in proving, ° r show that a ll t ax ation must e ven t ua ll y b e borne °Y l re perty alone, whilst the more numerous the channel s into which it is dividt d, the le ss it s pressure i s felt. ' ot am correct. in this fact, the wo r ki ng -Classes would n derive any benefit from such a change. - ver It is a well-known and ad m itt e d fact,. that when e v supply continues for a give n period to exceed coa sin t; tion or demand, the va l ue o f such supply, whatever 10 ;, be its nature, whether it consists of goods, food, "l e t or labour, gradually diminishes and sinks down i v , arrives at a point which interrupts that excess of sn l i tt ) te r when, the demand remaining the same, the pric e i t bas remains stationary, or again improves if the stiPP'.' become unequal to the consumption or demand. h o ur, For an example I will take th e p resen t s t a te of la" tel y to whatever purpose it may b e a ppli e d. Unfortun a t he it is notorious that througlout the United King dniu t tat number of the worki ng c la sses excee d s t h e means ti exist for their empl o y men t ; thi s h as create d a ccinrere tion, of which the u navo id a bl e consequence has bee n ! a; (Imam in the rates' of wages and this state of things I. been progressing. generally for , a considerable time P a . v , for, although the means of employment have a lso . 1 0 11 creased from extended , consumption caused by redact!, in the cost of labour, yet the population of the coulli c •r r has at the same time gone on increasing in a still gre e eir degree, and thus keeps above the means of genera l os t ploymeut ; in consequence, the value of labour o f alai _une every description ha s f a ll en d own to points of rem lilt ration that are n o t more th an su ffi c ient to procure v'i re , is necessary to sustain life for effective purposes, at pea, sent prices. Beer frun malt, spirits, sugar, coffee , are soap, and other articles now subject to taxation, classed mog thee necessaries .k - Tote rev n enue, s thus derit ed, it is contended th e v ' i ,or le ,e ing-classes contrib ute , and that by the repeal of t' ex .. • taxes they would be r e li eve d, and benefitted to the tin tent of their amount ; wh ereas , toy opinion is , t h a t iat point of fact they are on l y the channel 'through wh icil revenue is raised, and that it is really paid by tholf P o or sessing property, who employ them. This . 1 sill" • proceed to prove. that sinned by the working-classes, to be exempted frein ( ji. were the articles now subject to tax, that a re e charge, it follows that their prices would fall, min shed in that proportion which would usable e buyers to purchase the same quantities as,before n d to money - , in proportion to the reduction in price„; a l te red that extent, without their situation being at a° ro pur for the worse, they would be enabled to work fo r P do so• tionably lower wages, if it became necessari t o nce Then, does it not follow, as the unavoidable cons ec i cess of of the existing competition produced by the ex von ld labour beyond demand, that the price of labour , riye d again decline further, and continue to sink until it 3 j , an d at the point of depression at which it is now f°°110„ ill be diminished in exact proportion to the red,_ l2ct i ! vr the cost of those necessaries required to sustain life , 0 0- purposes of effective labour ? under which it calla() dune for any length of time. no he Is it not, then, evident, that from such a change d by and r e the nerit, in the present state of things, would be derive t n ot the working-classes ? whilst, at the same time, is ever equally clear, that if the demand for labour shou l d o se again be more than the numbers of the working - c an d could supply, the price of such labour would advaneoy their comforts be increa s ed ? And have we not h ad ' . ` tio r individual instan ces o f suc h being the case with p, al ,• b er, tar trades, whose w ages became prop-ortiunablY i without regard or relation to the articles they e° ll ' - being, or not, subject to taxation ? pealed, and a direct tax on income arising from pr°l ) ',, t ,, On the other hand, were the taxes in question to h .r r t e y .: trade, and professional pursuits substituted, it would. r o il duce a heavy pressure on those so circumstanced .uot by diminishing their income in proportion to the s ' D ean e . s possessed Y ot' tax,it wfoorul giving to t that employment extent N t % l . and of consuming the fruits of their labour, .aan_Lotie prove a real evil to them, in place of the imagn l P c , e i v e with which the attempt is made to delude - and °; 0. 1141 4 ,RGA I `' them.—Yours, &c. l o e rk ingn 1,37,00 ..._. 1• 4 4 a.. h-' " 0t 17i- k 4 kt4l ( Puse '4, 3 krd ; :1) \ lt pßqi: