The Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1846-06-16 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS snot gi tch he s n of " Fidel it" the whole of the info ' is not 1 kely to be acted or etter at present would, to say th ?.RINCE ALBERT'S VISIT.:;AI THE PROPRIETORS OF THE STANDARD LIVERPO rsenting to their Readers, on TUESDAY, the - HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS ALBERT TO LIVERPOOL, RAVING, OF THE PROPOSED 0R S' II 0 'MI SAIL IC AL INTEREST, d from accurate drawings by CELEBRATED LONDON ARTISTS. L BE UPON THE BEST E PRINTS W and when Framed will form A. PICTURE worthy of hung alongside of lONS OF MODERN same day will contain, in LEMENTAL SHEET, THE VARIOUS FLOORS PRODUC CT PLAT Full and accurate Announcements of THE ARRA.NGENIENTSAINDE FOR THE ROYAL GUEST; THE )UTE OF THE VARIOUS PROCESSIONS, .wery particular calculated to interest the inhabitants iverpool and strangers reEorting to the town upon so ''Fanbarb. irdbe Eibrrpoo, TUESDAY MORNING, JUNE 16, 1846 brought I ay the Britannia mail-steamer 4eat of war, on the Rio Grande, has, we y, agreeably surprised the friends and ad of the American peopl2 in this country. Up latest previous advices, it was clear to the inpractised critic in military affairs that the .can troops engaged in the expedition were in Lion of great danger. Menaced by a superior -qmunications cut off, and their stores .mited, it was evident that nothing but the ,y and true courage inherent in their native on blood, or some fortuitous error of judgment, rank cowardice, on the part of the enemy, could lable them to extricate themselves without serious .oss. The accounts, however, which we give in another place, show that the American army, under General Taylor, has not only escaped from its dan gerous position, but has defeated the Mexicans in two engagements, under circumstances which, giving the usual margin for probable exaggeration, prove that they possess, in an ample degree, so far at least as physical courage goes, the material of which the soldier is composed, whilst it is equally clear that the Mexicans are, as a race, wanting in this most neces sary quality. s, however, to the probable results of these 1 1s of the Americans, in what we cannot but quarrel, that the British the greatest interest. It would y, which, we should imagine, even an d not be capable of swallowing, to aw levies of militia-men, who have lexican troops, could cope with a l isciplined European army. however, to the peace of the world is, irother Jonathan may get it into his head that 4 _l all the world with as much ease as he erthrown the forces of General Paredes, and 4et lofty in his bearing towards ourselves in Already he has shewn symptoms of con excitement, resulting from this fleshing of .en sword. Volunteers, who hung back at ,re pouring in from all directions to reinforce iw victorious ai uly of General Taylor; and it _ing except a prompt and unconrli nal submission, on the part of the enemy, can pre it a march up_on the city of Mexico. By the Ist rd as an unjt hat the r sated the 11 fficered and well- n thra, aid, that nod uly, it is said, an army of 25 to 30,000 bayonets to be organised upon the frontier, before whom, :a thoroughly disciplined, no force which the dean Government can bring to oppose them can Ld for a day. In the meantime the American adron in the Pacific is ordered forthwith to take session of California, which will, no doubt, whilst the hands of the United States' Government, as a for the payment of the claim which will be against Mexico, be so rapidly peopled by ettlers, that it will be difficult to bring Ile of its proper owners. ,n army ready organized, the coffers nerican government filled with Mexican le possession attached to the union, and people elated with a sense of their newly martial prowess, will the present pacific Oregon question continue ? It is true it excitement of the bulk of the Ameri _ , ith respect to that question, has evapo- This Mexican quarrel has been the safety hear nothing at present of 54 degrees, .nd whilst the eyes of our Yankee breth- I towards their present antagonist, a effort of statesmanship on the part of both -rnments, would set the question at rest for ever. \re are not by any means, however, advocates of Apitancy in this matter. However powerfully pported we may be with reinforcements, General ylor has something to do before consummating ,mplete triumph over Mexico. He has to face hot weather, already set in, and the fever of the )s are not inured. We nted, too, that his past success is ed. Upon this subject, the Hali , &ming Post of the 2nd instant, our latest )er by the Britannia, states, under the heading ews from Mexico : highly important,"— The Mail of yesterday brought nothing of importance contradiction of the abominable fabrications of the This, as our readers know, we antici- such a ct of th, der the r ntry, to wind e already h ably o erst York Sun We shall not, however, be long without news. The cadian arrived last night. We had a boat anc off, but the night was so intensely dark and foggy several vessels, we were obliged t( er tou the pursuit Nit the news the Acadian brings will be published ix Iforniny Post for England—this afternoon, at three ntemporary ver, does not appear to to realize his promise, or the paper ;cident, missed the steamer. Should lent be prolonged, the tes will have to enter ) procure the necessary t very well suit the palates of A war, even " a little war," Mexico, they will find an ex -y see the prudence of pausing ggle with Great Britain. ent of 'United S n financial open V. hick may American r a V/ P. at state 1 )re they provoke a stru In pursuing the inquiry, which we 'proposed to trselves last week,—viz., the question what course the most wise to be adopted by the various classes the community affected by the coming change our national policy,—we approach, next in order, bourer. Throughout the aria laN, question, it has been a telling. ,ument against the agriculturist, that the condi -7loyed by him in cultivation, bred worse; and, unhappily, there reproach. The farm er is not, in every instance, the prosperous, nted being that imaginative people have been le habit of describing him. On the contrary, ,00 Many districts, he is a being whose life, from cradle to the grave, is spent with only the alter atives of half a meal in his wretched cottage, as le reward of his daily toil, or the coarse fare and and discipline of the union workhouse, as the pun hment of unwillingness or inability to toil. We :we treated him in our legislation, of late years, ore as a chattel than as a sentient being. By our trsh and unchristian poor law, we have practically lied into requisition the feelings and affections of :man nature in his bosom, as a goad to compel n to accept of the hard terms which we offer him. say to the married l a b ourer , " t h ere i s your , and its remuneration ; if you refuse it, you to be a husband, and have no longer the pri of a father." He possesses one solitary I-the fact that his t o il i s i n the fresh at -2,, and is one, unlike th at o f the factory —er or the artizan, productive of health ; but at very blessing we convert into a curse, by the nit which we impose upon his appetite. How little has legislation done for this class! lave we given its members increased means of edu ation ? Have we conferred upon them any one boon :alculated to ameliorate their physical or moral con iition If the habits and condition of the agricul ;ural labourer be deteriorated, as we must acknow- ,ion of the la' asses, ern' 110 C oe ICIII o much g and for th ,osohe ledge they are—if he has grown a sullen, desperate being, no longer husbanding his small means, no longer cultivating his little patch of ground, or , dcl to the comforts of his poor cottage, we owe much of the change to that cruel kindness, which has thrown in his way the temptations of the ill-regulated beer-house, and the taint of bad striving to a coin pony. What then is to be the position of this class under our new policy ? He will have his daily food, we are told, brought more within the reach of his means. They are political economists forsoooth who tell us this ! Why, it is contrary to every rule of this vaunted science. The cost of labour is a main ingredient in the'price of a quarter of corn ; and if the price is reduced by foreign importations, even assuming the same quantity as at present to be grown at home, how is the present cost of labour to be afforded by the grower? For a time, perhaps, any great decline may be prevented, by the demand for labour to carry on the improvements, to which the farmer is driven; but, ultimately, this source of employment most fail the labourer. To compete successfully with his foreign rival, the native grower must look to mor3 scientific and cheaper manage ment of his land; and, to do this, improved agri cultural implements, the adoption of improved fer tilizing materials, and the relinquishing of attempts to raise grain upon soils, where its cultivation will now have become unprofitable, is far more likely to be his resource, than a more extensive permanent employment of the labourer. Besides, we think we showed successfully in our last that the certain re sult of our present policy must be the gradual abolition of the small farm system, and the reduction of the small farmer and his family to the level of, perhaps the superior portion of, the labouring masses. Here we have the elements of increased competition for employment, which must inevitably drive the least skilled and less active labourers out of the field. The manufacturer, however, will assure us that he is ready to absorb the surplus labour of the agri cultural districts, in his factories and his workshops; and Sir James Graham is preparing an alteration in the Law of Settlement, to facilitate the absorbing process. But the manufacturer never makes the boast before his OWI4 workpeople, to whom, exclu sively, he has promised the benefits of that extension of demand for labour, which is to arise from the free importation of food; and the inhabitants of the large towns are not at present very much enlightened. with respect to the operation of the measure of Sir James. Let us briefly examine the latter. Under the existing Law of Settlement, and in the present state of society in the agricultural districts, made up as it is of tenants of all classes, from the mere cottier with his acre or half dozen acres, half farmer and half labourer, to the farmer of 1000 or 150) acres, the surplus labourer in rural parishes is provided for by employment in the inferior opera tions of agriculture, in highway work, &c., or is paid for out of the poor's rate; thus, in either way, creating a severe drain upon the rate-paying occu piers. Of the able-bodied portion of this surplus, many migrate to other parishes, or to large towns; but each remains still adscriptum glebe of the parish where he has a settlement, and is liable to be sent back in old age, or in periods of commercial stag nation, once more to be a burthen upon that parish. Sir James Graham, however, proposes a new mode of acquiring a settlement for such migrating labourer, by a five years' industrial residence in any parish or large town in which he may be able to procure employment. The operation of such a measure, in the changed social position of the agricultural body, made up, as it shortly must be, of large occcupiers, it is not difficult to foresee. The surplus labourer will be encou raged, and provided with funds, to transfer his labour to another market, or he may even be coerced by the stringent administration of the new Poor Law; and five years employment in any other place will rid his place of settlement of their burthen altogether. In the event of old age, or commercial or manufacturing stagnation, the burthen of his support will fall upon the place to which he has been drawl], perhaps only for temporary purposes, and without the prospect of permanent profitable employment for his labour. Apply this Law of Settlement to such places as Liverpool and Birken head. In both we have extensive works going on, for which the labour of a class of men, different from our ordinary population, is required. Five years' employment in those works settles those men and their families permanently upon the parishes of Liverpool and Birkenhead. Under the operation of such a law of settlement what must have become of Stockport, Bolton, and other towns during the com mercial embarrassment of 1841 and 1842, filled as those towns were with paupers from the southern counties, whom the parochial authorities, acting under the existing law, were enabled to send back to their original settlement ? This change will undoubtedly operate to raise slightly the condition of the agricultural labourer in his own parish ; but it cannot have any very exten sive operation, for the satisfactory reason that the towns are not able to absorb any great portion of agricultural labour, without reducing the value of the labour of their own population, and thus taking away the inducement to migrate. The labourer's next resource it is not easy to arrive at. Emigration possibly might be attempted; but the emigrants must be of the small farmer class, or the superior labourer's, whose removal from the soil would leave upon it the melancholy spectacle of a population consisting only of the moderately wealthy and the miserably poor and dependent. The dangerous na ture of such a state of society history has sufficiently shewn to the world. It is clear that the Legislature ought to tell us what is to be done with this valuable class of our indus trious population. They must neither be left to the new-fangled theories of agricultural societies, with their premiums for voluntary starvation, nor to the tender mercies of experimentalizing philosophers. We are told that their condition cannot be worse ; what is that but telling us that it ought to be better ? We might extend to their youth the blessings of a sound system of parochial education. Make it com pulsory if you please. There can be no sound rea son, except the poverty of their parents, for sending children, at six or seven years of age, into the fields to pull turnips, or to weed corn,; for a penny a-day. The State ought to take care that a future generation of Englishmen and women are not brought up igno rant as the beasts they have to drive. 'We might close the beer-shop against the parent, and undo that fatal mistake in our past legislation, which has oductive of misery and crime. We must, been so in mercy to the most uuprotected amongst our po pulation, relax the cruel pressure of the New Poor- The Oddfellows are perhaps the most numerous and important body, enrolled together for mutual assurance, in Great Britain. On the Ist of January, 1846, they had 3884 lodges in 386 districts, and their members numbered 259,374. The amount of good within such a body as this, if their affairs were conducted upon a right principle, is almost incal culable. A quarter of a million of families are here apparently provided for in the contingencies of the sickness or the death of their heads; and as there are almost innumerable other societies established with the same beneficial object, it becomes of incal culable importance to ascertain the basis of the calculation on which the promises held out by many of these societies are based. For a yearly payment of £1 2s. pd., including entrance money, the following benefits are promised to a man aged 32 : £0 10 0 per week during sickness, 0 0 at the death of a member, ..£5 0 0 at the death of his wife. To enable any society to fulfil these promises, it is clear that there ought to be an ample margin ; and that the contingencies to which the assured are liable should be estimated rather over than under the scale, which has been drawn from our experi ence of vital statistics. Mr. Neison, in the able work to which we referred in our last, has laid down the following table, showing the expectation of life at the same ages amongst the males of three dis districts, and for all classes in England and Wales : Expectation of Life in F. S rural dis. F. S. town dis. F. S. city dis. Eng. & Wales. 20.. .. 45.35 30.... 38.40 40.. .. 30.97 50.... 23.47 60.... 16.65 ...... 13.76 From these data a man who has become a mem ber of a Benefit Society at the age of 32, may expect to live 36 years, if in a rural district; 32 if in a town district ; 301 if in large cities; and 32 years is the mean for England and Wales. Taking the latter as the basis of our calculation, such a member, on his death, will have paid into the funds of the society £36 Bs., out of which £l5 is to be re paid for the funeral expenses of himself and wife, thus leaving £2l Bs. towards sick allowances. To determine the sufficiency of this amount we give the following table, exhibiting the amount of sickness to which each person is liable at several ages, as calcu lated by Mr. Neison from actual facts derived from the working of Benefit Societies throughout the kingdom, and also the calculations of the Highland Society and Mr. Ansell, those chiefly in use amongst such societies : Annual amount of sickness to each person in weeks, days, and hours Neison. Per cent. above H. So. 20.... 4 0 5 10 5 21 31.5 7.6 30.... 4 8 6 1 6 9 31.8 5.4 40.... 5 7 1 0 19 1 1 6 358 5.9 50.... 1 2 13 1 4 22 1 6 17 30.5 13 2 60.... 2 2 10 3 2 1 4 1 4 43.6 20.9 70.... 10 4 22 11 5 13 14 0 6 23.7 23.0 It is clear that societies, which adopt either the calculations of the Highland Society or of Ansel], are very far below the result of actual experience, and must eventually be "nought into difficulties. Taking the sick allowance during the 32 years of life, laid down in this scale as the expectation of life for such a member, we find that up to the period of his death he will have received, at various times, as sick allowance, £25, in round numbers, towards which amount, without taking into consideration any expenses of management, which will undoubtedly absorb the accruing interest, there will only be left a balance from his contributions of £2l Ss. Every effort should be made to add to the pros perity and permanence of institutions which, well managed, are calculated so materially to ameliorate the social condition of the people. Mr. Neison shows, in the following table, and his comments upon it, that the establishment of Friendly Societies has actually contributed to lengthen the duration of life amongst those contributing to them : Expectation in Difference in favour of Friendly England and Friendly Societies. Societies. Wales. In Years. Per Cent. . 43.77... ..... 40.69 .. 3.08 .. . 36.60 ....... . 34.09.. .29.33 .22.19 20.84 l. 3 15.69. 14.53. l. 1 7.5 7.3 6.7 6.4 7.6 " A very important distinction is here found to prevail between the value of life in the two tables. The circum stances in which the humble and working population of the country is placed have generally been thought adverse to a T.rolonged duration of life; but the healthiest life ta bles hitherto formed have not shown anything so favour able as the present results, even among what are generally considered the select classes of society." And he continues:— " The blessing thus bestowed on the frugal and indus trious workmen of the country, composing Friendly Soci. eties, in having granted them, as appears by the present inquiry, a prolonged duration of life, must really be re garded as a true and distinctive feature of that cl iss of persons, and is, no doubt, the result of their simple and uniform habits of life, and the more regular and natural physical exercises to which they are habituated." There can be no doubt the habits of saving and of temperance induced by the necessity imposed upon the working classes to keep up their contri butions, tend materially to the preservation of health; and the gratuitous attendance of the club doctor, in cases of sickness, is an important boon to the poor man, who might otherwise he led to neglect incipient disease, or driven to the employment of unskilful quacks. The ease of mind, too, arising from the reflection that comparative comfort in old age is se cured, tends greatly to retard the necessity of resort ing to the Benefit Societies for temporary aid, and to prolong the life of the member. One important fact arrived at by Mr. Neison we cannot refrain from bringing before the attention of this great commercial community, in the hope of urging forward an attempt to provide a remedy : " The rural labourer of thirty years of age," he says, " may expect to enjoy forty more years of life ; but the miner of the same age can look forward only to thirty three years of life, the baker thirty-two years. the plum ber or painter thirty years, and last and lowest, the poor clerk twenty-seven years—the latter period being thirteen years below the expectation of life of the rural labourer, seven years below that of the community in general, nine years below that of the general body of the members of Friendly Societies. We trust this appalling condition of the clerks will stimulate themselves, those who are exert ing themselves in their behalf, and those who have power to aid them, to renewed efforts to improve their condition, and rescue them from that early grave to which the class has hitherto been consigned." The fact here disclosedis truly a melancholy one. The class whose dull and dreary labours regulate the wheels of the great commercial machine--who are doomed, from year's end to year's end, to count the wealth that flows in to increase the already abundant store of the capitalist, and who seldom dares even to hope for a better lot as the reward of his attention and fidelity; possessed, from the ne cessity of his position, of an education which leads to the acquirement of tastes above those of the mere mechanic, by our cruel parsimony, and the exaction of an amount of sedentary labour above their power to bear, we are dooming to penury in life, and a premature old age and death. This unhappy class, we fear, have seldom the opportunity, enjoyed by other more fortunate classes, of making use of the means afforded by Benefit Societies of providing for the approach of sickness, or for interment after death. Their whole career is one of toilsome struggle—that worst of all struggles, the attempt to make appearances belie the actual poverty of their lot. Were it for this class alone, it would well he. come the mercantile body in Liverpool to originate and aid the establishment of some society upon a safe and substantial basis, by means of which they might be drawn to make a provision for the future. The poor clerk is not to be allured into habits of saving by gaudy frippery. He might, however, be encouraged by receiving the countenance of his su periors in wealth; and could he even be brought a little nearer to them in the exchange of the ordinary amenities of life, he would be rendered a happier man, and none the less valuable and faithful ser vant. THE LIVERPOOL STANDARD. THE POTATO PANIC. This ingenious device has served its turn. The Corn Bill is passing through its last stages, the Legislature having been frightened from its propriety by awful visions of famine and rotten potatoes. The bubble, however, has burst at length, our streets being yesterday placarded with announcements that " potatoes of excellent quality" are on sale in this town at Is. 6d. per measure. On re ferring to our file, we find that on the corresponding market day of last year the prices were quoted as fol lows :—Cups, Is. 6d. to ls. Bd.; Pink Eyes, 2s. As suming the potatoes now placarded, therefore, to be the best description of the commonest species, they are 2d. per measure cheaper than last year, and 6d. if pink eyes ! We wonder if Sir Robort Peel, or his Potato Commis sioners, would be pleased, if required to repay the losses incurred by those unfortunate speculators in this article — chiefly composed of the humbler classes of tradesmen, — who have embarked their money upon the faith of official prognostications of scarcity ; or if they can feel otherwise than ashamed at the needless suffering which they have caused amongst portions of the Irish people, whose sup plies have been drawn from them to supply wants in this country which never existed. RUYAL MERSEY YACHT CLUB.—We are informed, that in consequence of the requisite number of yachts not being entered to contend for the £5O prize, which was to have taken place on Saturday, the 20th of June, the for is A T the N presentoFTHEpostponed. FEMALE CHTLDLEN OF THE match E xA MECHANICS' INSTITUTION.—Yesterday, the second an nual examination of the pupils of the girls' and infants' school, Blackburn-house, Hope-street, ( a t tac h e d to the Mechanics' Institution,) commenced, i n p resence o f a large concourse, chiefly of ladies and th e f ema l e fr i ends of the children. The examination gave great satisfaction, the progress of the pupils being peculiarly m ar k e d d ur i ng the past twelve months. The girls and infant s are taug h t reading, writing, arithmetic, sewing, singing, dancing, drawing, &c. There are at present attached to the insti tution, in this department, 280 girls from seven years of age and upwards, and GO infants , making in all 340 of these interesting juveniles. There are about twenty teach ers, including several females who have themselves been latterly trained in the schools. The pupils acquitted themselves with great credit, their replies, especially on grammatical questions, and their productions in drawing and writing, being at once striking and extraordinary. These schools were commenced as an experiment, and their suceess has so far exceeded all expectation, that the premises arc now being enlarged for the reception of the additional applicants. A new work-rocm and a new in fant schoolroom are in progress of completion, both to be lighted and ventilated on the mcst approved principles. These additions will require an outlay of about £7OO. A large play-ground and garden are attached to the estab lishment, and in these, as an interlude between the two carts of the examination, the children walked about in procession, presenting a deeply interesting appearance. The present mistresses are, Miss Jones, who superintends the literary department, and her assistants are Miss Gal lagher and Miss Francis; Miss Hollis is the teacher of sewing, Mr. Swindles of writing, Miss Appleton of arith metic, and Mrs. Pedder of drawing. The examination will be resumed and concluded this day, from ten to two o'clock ; and, on Thursday evening, a public meeting will be held in the Lecture Room of the Institution, in Mount-street, for the distribution of prizes to the suc cessful pupils in the several schools, after which will ensue the midsummer vacation, which will be prolonged, so that the scholars may see Prince Albert, on his intended two days' visit to our magnificent town. Several im provements in the girls' schools are to be brought into operation during the next twelve months, the experimental proceedings of the past having been so successful. PRINCE ALBERT'S APPROACHING VISIT. On Thursday last, his worship the Mayor proceeded to London, for the purpose of communicating personally with Prince Albert's private secretary, Colonel Anson, and arranging with that officer the programme of pro ceedings at the forthcoming visit of his Royal Highness. In the meantime, the sub-committees appointed for the more effectually devoting their attention to the arrange ments are actively engaged. It is contemplated that the Prince will arrive at the Edge-hill station about noon on the 30th of July, from which he will proceed with his train in three of the royal carriages, accom panied by a peocession, to the Judges' lodgings, where it is arranged for him to stay whilst in Liverpool, and, after partaking of refreshments, will make a tour through the town, and proceed to the Pier for an excur sion on the river, from which he will have the best view of our splendid line of (locks. In the evening, he will he entertained with a banquet at the Town-hall, which will be presided over, of course, by his worship the Mayor, the Prince as the guest of the evening being placed on his left hand. The number invited is expected to he 294, amongst whom, we understand, are the High Sheriff, W. Standish Standish, Esq., the Right Hon. Lord Skelmersdale, the Earl of Derby, the Earl of Sefton, the Marquis of Salisbury, Lord Francis Egerton, M.P., Lord Stanley, Lord Sefton, Lord Sandon, M.P., Sir Howard Douglas, M.P., Wilson Patten, Esq., M.P., William Entwistle, Esq., M.P., the sixteen aldermen, and the 48 members of the Council, with all the military officers sta!ioned in lhis part of the country, many of our most eminent merckants, and the principal subscribers to the Sailors' Home. To add to the splendour of the entertain ment, the grand staircase, the decorations of which are near completion, and the rooms will be splendidly adorned, the floor of the staircase and of the vestibule being covered with scarlet cloth. The windows in the Exchange Build ings are being embellished for the occasion, as well as both the interior and exterior of the Judges' lodgings, with re spect to which, we may state, that they are calculated to afford accommodation to the Royal Guest, of which the town will have no reason to be ashamed. The Prince will lay the foundation of the Sailors' Home on Friday, the 31st; and it is anticipated that there will be a dejeuner in the evening, at which ladies will be pre sent. His Royal Highness, we believe, will leave Liver pool in the course of the afternoon. As we have stated before, a magnificent display of fireworks will take place on Thursday evening. The committee appointed to ar range the preliminaries is styled " The Prince's Com mittee." We understand that on this auspicious occasion arrange ments are making by the Freemasons in the town and district for a splendid procession of the order, in which it is said the grand-master of the order, the Earl of Zetland, who visits Liverpool for the purpose, will take part. His lordship is to be here on the 29th. We are also to have a discharge of fireworks, which we trust, for the gratification of the mass of our population, who will otherwise have little to make them remember, in after years, his Royal Highness's visit, will be on a scale wor thy the occasion. It has also, among a number of other matters, been suggested to us by a correspondent, that an illumination of the town, with salutes throughout the day from some of our fine peels of bells, would contribute to the festivities of the period. Another circumstance con nected with the occasion we cannot omit pressing upon the Committee of Management, viz. : the propriety of throwing as large a share as possible of their favours, in providing for the materials required to sustain the credit of the town. into the hands of our local tradesmen. The tradesmen of the metropolis have opportunities every day of displaying their enterprise and taste in such matters. The tradesmen of Liverpool have not : and such an op portunity as the present should not be omitted. ARRIVAL OF THE BRITANNIA The steam-ship Britannia, Captain Hewitt, arrived in the Mersey about midnight on Saturday last, after a fine run. The speed and the regularity with which the fine steamers comprising this line run the distance across the Atlantic is truly wonderful. We annex a list of the passengers : From Halifax.—Mr. Wm. Young and lady, Lieut. Col. Freer, Dr. Burrell, Medical Staff, lady, and servant, Hon. M. Tobin, Rev. R. Arnold, Right Rev. Bishop Fleming, Rev. Mr. Mackin, Mr. E. H. Brown, Mr. Holdsworth, Mr. Medley, lady, and two children. From Boston.—Miss Sarah Miller, Mts. F. Crawford, captain C. Elliot, lady, child, and sera ant, Mr. C. Lyell and lady, Mr. Nichols and lady, Mr. C. Fallon and lady, Mr. Ralston, lady, and servant, Miss Wiggin, Rev. Dr. Olin and lady, Hon. IL M. Saunders and servant, Mr.E. Delano, Mr. Godfrey Santry, Mr. Ridgway, Mr. James Paul, Rev. J. S. Himes, Boston, Rev. R. Hutchinson, Canada, Mr. A. T. Biackmore, Mr. B. H. Dixon, Rev. Dr. Scott, Mr. A. Maris, Mr. S. Mull, Rev. F. G. Brown, Mr. Runge, Mr. E. Martineau, Mr. W. Lobach, Hamburgh Consul, Mr. John Saddler, Mr. Haaene, Mr. Gustavo Eckhardt, Mr. J. Hartley, Mr. Ferdinand Luis, Col. T. H. Shelby, Mr. G. P. Bell, Mr. J. M'Reown, Mr. R. W. Davis, Mr. James Holford, Mr. R. Waddell, Mr. D. CasteHi, Mr. H. Heine, Mr. G. Phillips, 23d Fusilliers. Mr. A. Tomasi, Mr. Antognini, Mr. T. Ly sight, Mr. G. File, Mr. G. W. Warren, Mr. James Pat ten, Mr. Benadis, Mr. T. C. Reynolds, Mr. G. H Evans. Mr. Rothes, Mr. E. W. Moore, Mr. F. Tomes, jun., Mr. W. Reay, Mr: G. Anderson, Mr. J. Thorn, Mr. R. Grills, Mr. J. Honan, Mr. H. Gough, Mr. Wm. Burns, Mr. P. M'Reown, and Mr. H. Simpson. Sir Howard Douglas, M.P. has written to engage apartments at the Adelphi Hotel during the stay of Prince Albert in Liverpool. DEATH BY BURNING.—An inquest was yesterday held on view of the body of George Bibby, a child of four years of age, who resided with his parents in Mile-street, Windsor. It appeared that the clothes of the deceased had caught fire from some burning shavings in the apart ment in which he was left; and the injuries he sustained terminated in death, Verdict in accordance. FATAL ACClDENT.—Yesterday, the keeper of a pack of harriers, belonging to the gentlemen of Rock Ferry, took the dogs down to the river, for the purpose of bathing or washing them, and one of the dogs, apparently getting too far into the stream, the man (name not ascer tained) on endeavouring to get the dog out of the water, fell in, head first, and was, unfortunately, drowned. Means were taken to find the body, but without avail. The Druid, old frigate, selected for a lazaretto for the port of Liverpool, when the Dublin 50-gun frigate was saved from such mis-appropriation, was towed out of Harnoaze, on Saturday, by the Confiance tug, jury-rigged, and in charge of Mr. Henderson, the assistant master attendant, of Davenport dockyard, with a party of seamen from the Caledonia, sailed for Liverpool. Mr. Hender son and party will navigate the Birkenhead, iron steam frigate, from Liverpool to sheerness, where she is to be fitted for sea service. NARROW ESCAPE.—On Sunday afternoon, about half past two, a man was taken out of the river, near Tran mere Ferry, in a dying state. Mr. J. Stopford Taylor immediately attended him, and after applying the usual remedies for an hour and a half, the man was so far reco vered as to be capable of being removed. It appears he had been drinking with some companions in the earlier part of the day, and had then adjourned to the river to bathe, when the effects of his potations exceeded his con troul, and had it not been for some parties cn the shore, who had seen him floating on the water, he must inevi tably have perished. ILLEGAL DISTILLATION OF SPlRlTS.—Yesterday, at the Police-court, two women, Mary Delaney and Itose anna Murphy were charged by officers of excise with hav ing been found working a whiskey still in a house in Al bion-street, in which the apparatus and a quantity of what is termed " low wines " were found. One of the officers stated that the prisoners were at work on a boarded floor, that the timber had taken fire, and that many buckets of water were required to quench it, and save the building and the adjoining premises from de struction. The prisoners said nothing in their defence, and were respectively fined in the. mitigated penalty of of £3O, or, in default of payment, to be imprisoned for three months. STRIKE.—We hope this struggle is approaching a full termination. So far as bricklayers, joiners, end plasterers are concerned, workmen are in abundance. The masons, however, still form an exception ; being a strong body, and there being a great demand for their services on the Holyhead, Carlisle, and other railways, together with the desire of the Liverpool and Birkenhead Dock companies to forward their river walls and dock works during the summer months ; they will stand cut, and the lamentable consequence is, that a number of other artisans catannt procure empleyment because bricklayers and joiners are unable to proceed for want of masonry. The masons wish the hours of labour to be reduced to nine hours, which the masters cannot comply with in justice to the operatives in the other branches of the building trades. _ _ THE ESTATES OF THE LATE MR. JOHN LANGAN.-- Yesterday, by order of the executors, a sale by auction was announced to take place at the Ciarendon-rooms, of the freehold and leasehold property of the late Mr. John Langan, the once celebrated pugilist, in this town and neighbourhood. There were three lots,—first, the pre mises known as " Langan's Inn," in "Waterloo-road, near the Clarence Dock, with its fixtures, fittings, musical in struments, &c., and also five shops adjoining, the whole covering a space of about 440 square yards, and well suited for the peculiar businesses for which they were erected ; second, a freehold brewery in Rose-place and Great Rich mond-street ; and third, the leasehold estate of the de ceased, in Mount-pleasant, Oxton, near Birkenhead. with a house, garden, and grounds, subject to a trifling ground rent of £2 per annum. The auctioneer, Mr. Winstanley, set forth the present and anticipated value of the first lot, which was valued at £440 of yearly rental ; bids were made, commencing at £2,000 for the whole and termina ting at £4,900. It was then intimated by Mr. Winstanley that the reserve bid was £6,400, and the lot was accord ingly withdrawn. The other two lots were then succes sively put up,but there were no biddings, and consequently no sale took place. LAUNCH.—On Saturday, a fine new steamer, intended for the Steam-tug Company, was launched from Mr. J. Laird's yard, at Birkenhead. She is named the •` Liver," and is constructed of iron. Her dimensions are as follow : Length from stemhead to taffrail 112 feet ; ditto betwixt perpendiculars 104 feet 6 inches; breadth of beam 20 feet 2 inches; depth of hold 11 feet; tonnage by old measure ment. 200 tons ; and she will be propelled by a pair of dis connecting engines of fifty horse-power each. After the launch, the large company assembled to witness it par took of a splendid collation. The companys fleet now numbers seven fine, fast, and powerful vessels, nnmely, the Dreadnought, Victoria, Liver, President, Albert, Mona, and Skeiryvore, and within a very brief period we shall have to record the launch of an eighth. We may mention, as n proof of the anxiety of the company to meet every want within their power, that to meet the difficulties of obtaining coals in stormy weather, when it would be impossible for the river flats to remain alongside the steam-tugs, the hull of the old Hero will be anchored in the Sloyne as a depot for that necessary commodity. MELANCHOLY SUICIDE. An inquest was held yesterday, before Mr. Curry, on view of the body of George Reed, a tin-plate worker, aged 21. The deceased married an interesting looking young woman, about five weeks ago, and, so far as it ap peared, they had lived happily together. They resided in Dinorbin-street, Windsor-street. On the morning of yesterday week, he complained of his head being very bad. Mrs. Esther Stephens, his sister-in-law, told him to bathe his head in cold water, which he did. While doing so, he ground his teeth a good deal, and seemed somewhat dis tressed. After washing, he took his breakfast, and then, after stating that he felt refreshed, sent for a sheet of paper, and wrote a note, of which the following is a copy, to a publican of his acquaintance, in Mersey-street : " Sltt,—Please to forward, by my wife, the sovereign I left with you, on Saturday.—Yours, &c.,. " CALAIS'S TINMAN." The deceased was in the employ of Messrs. Challinor and Calais. His wife took the note, and while she was away, he wrote the two following notes DEAREST WIFE,—Ere you receive this, my journey to another world will be begun. Sorry am Ito leave you on a wide world. Your brother will protect you; more he cannot. Tell him to write to my friends on your be half; they will do something now that I am no more. Forget me, my dear Mary, and forgive, though I have acted as I have done, for I have a heart that could never beat more true towards you. Farewell! Prepare to meet your God, that you may not follow me to that d—d region where there is weeping, and wailing, and gnashing of teeth. Tell that I have a spark of gratitude amidst all my vices, and that I felt grateful for your kindness ; but let it not be said of me I cowed in the dismal hour. On the contrary, I die as I have lived these last few years. My last thought is on you, my very dear Patty (Mary). Farewell ! farewell! to all eternity.—Your husband, " GEORGE REED." The other note, addressed to his wife's brother, was as follows : " DEAR. WILLIAM,—Take care of my wife ; God will reward you if no other person does. I mean, to protect her from insult. It may he a torment to me to see you all happy in heaven, while I am in hell with ci—d spirits, shut up in torment. —Your unhappy brother, " G. REED." These two notes the deceased silently put into his pocket, while his wife was absent with the note for the sovereign to Mersey-street, and he then went up stairs. In about two minutes afterwards, a report of fire-arms was heard, and, on Mr. Stephens going up to deceased's room, she found him in a sitting posture on the floor, and bleeding profusely from the right temple. A pistol was grasped in his right hand. He was conveyed on the same night to the Infirmary, and died there yesterday morning. The day before his death, he exhibited great wildness of manner ; complained of his head, and beat himself with his bands. He had been much depressed in spirits when he left his work on Saturday night week. He then said several times, " I will do it," but did not particularise his meaning. His wife had seen a pistol in his band on the Thursday previous to the fatal act, and he then told her that he had been using it by shooting at a cock through, the shop room window. It also appeared from the evi dence of the young woman, that he had latterly been in comparatively reduced circumstances. Mr. M`Sheen, house surgeon of the infirmary, said, that when deceased was brought, he found a lacerated wound in the right ear, the exterior part of which was nearly blown off. He also found a fracture of the right temporal bone. He next examined the internal wound, and found in it a small pebble stone. Some si milar stones had been found in his pocket, as alsb a piece of stick, which, it appeared, he had used as a ramrod. The brain was much lacerated, and this, and other inju ries, were the cause of death. The coroner, in summing up. expressed his own opi nion, from the nature of the letters produced, and the general conduct of the deceased, that the case was one of temporary insanity. _ The jury concurred, finding a verdict to the effect, that the deceased shot himself whilst labouring under mental aberration. THE GREAT BRITAIN STEAM-SHIP. We have stated in our summary of the American news, brought by the Halifax steamer, that this noble steam ship arrived out at New York on the morning of the 29:h ult. The following is an abstract of her log :—" Left Coburg Dock, Liverpool, at 9.55 a.m., on the 9th of May, came north of Ireland, and to the time of clearing the land, at 3 a.m. of the 10th, the ship averaged 11/ knots, or nautical miles per hour, part of the time under canvas; then met a strong westerly wind and cross sea. Broke the guard of the after air pump on the 13th, and have been altogether six days without steam—sailing with the screw disconnected. The new rig answered well, making nine and a half knots at times, close hauled, and eleven and three quarters a point or two free. This only for a short time, as the wind very soon hauled against us. Since the temporary guard has been working, we have gone at less than half speed. The passage, therefore, under the circumstances, has been' excellent. I find the Belgie keels have lessened the rolling materially. Crossed the banks in latitude 45, and saw no ice. Rounded Nantucket Shoals soon after noon on the 28th, and passed Sandy Hook at 9.15 a.m., 29th, making the passage in twenty days." , sented to xrival at New LATEST INTELLIGENCE (BY EXPRESS.) IMPORTANT FROM BUENOS AYRES AND AIONTE VIDEO. The brig Oriole, arrived at New York, having sailed from Rio on the 9th ult., brings intelligence from the seat of war on the Parana. It appears that on or about the Ist of March, according to verbal information by persons from that region, a se vere engagement took place between the troops of Buenos Ayres and those of Monte Video. The army of the latter is stated to have amounted to about 6,000 men. Tile Buenos Ayreans, it is said, were completely victori ous, and put the enemy to the rout. Buenos Ayres itself still continues under a strict blockade, the English men of-war keeping watch over the port with the utmost seve rity. Every American vessel is obliged to undergo a strict search by the French and English frigates. RIOT AT MONTE VIDEO.—Some serious and alarming disturbances broke out in the night of the 19th of March, in Monte Video, on the occasion of the arrival of General Rivera in the harbour, on board a Spanish frigate. The troops were called out. A previous decree by the go vernment and Council of State had been issued, ordering that General Rivera should leave the country, and pro viding that he should have a suitable pension to support him in some foreign land; this was stated to be out of consideration for his former services to the country, The following very gratifying letters were pr Captain Hosken shortly before the ye " Great Britain Steamship, at Sea, May 28th, 1846. To Lieut. Hosken, R.N. "My dear Sir,—l have been requested, as chairman of a meet:ng of passengers held on board your ship this day, to forward you the enclosed ; and with every good wish, " Believe me, sincerely yours, (Signed) "THO: BOYS FERRIS." " Great Britain Steamship, at Sea, May " To Lieut. Hosken, R.N. 28th, 1846 " Dear Sir,—At the termination of our voyage, we cannot forbear expressing to you our sense of the efficiency of your ship, and our confidence in her realising the expectations of the Company, together with the kindness and consideration we have received from you and your officers. " The performance of the vessel rturinr , the first few clays promised us a very short passage, w hi c h' we have no doubt would have been the case but for the accident which befel one of the air-pumps —an accident which has no manner of con nexion with the peculiar propelling power applied to this vessel. It has, however, served to manifest her superior sailing quali ties. " ' Nor can we refrain from alluding to the perrection exhi bited in her interior economy—the great profusion and excel lence of her supplies, and the admirable style in which they have been served up to us. " With every good wish for the success of the vessel, and with great esteem for yourself, " ' We remain, dear Sir, yours very truly, (Signed) " "l'hos. Boys Ferris, Geo. W. Bell, Wm. Collins, R. H. F. Smith, J. W. Seward, W. Richardson, G. T. Pell, R. W. Corringham, Chartan Emerson, P. Chrrlia, John If ersly, J. D. Doubleday, R. Torrance, J. Warren, C. S. Savini, C. Favayer, C. W. Vicarino, John Wrae, The Count Ber&lgi (Peer of Hungary), B. Woodhead, B. B. Atterbury, (being the whole of the male passen (rpm It is thought that the Great Britain would not leave New York on her return trip until the 9th instant, in consequence of the unavoidable delay experienced in her outward voyage. She would otherwise have left on the 6th. NORTHERN SUMMER CIRCUIT, Mr. Justice Wightman and Mr. Justice Erle. Yorkshire—Thursday, July 9, at the Castle at York. City of York.—The same day at the Guildhall of the City of York. Durham, Thursday, July 23, at Durham. Northumberland—Wednesday, July 29, at Newcastle. Cumberland, Tuesday, August 4, at Carlisle. Westmoreland—Saturday, August 8, at Appleby. North Division of Lancashire—Tuesday, August 11, at _ Lancaster. South Division of Lancashire—Saturday, August 15, at Liverpool. COURT OFEXCHEQUER CHAMBER-SATURDAY Befo; . e Lord Chief Justice Tindal Mr. Baron Alderson, Mr. Justice Coltman, Mr Justice Cresswell, Mr. Baron Rolfe, and Mr. Justice Baron Parke, HOWARD V GOSSETT. This very important case, which affects so deeply the privileges of the House of Commons, and especially the power of commitment, was brought before the Court to day, on a writ of error, from the judgment of the Court of Queen's Bench. The Attorney-General had not finished his arguments when the court rose. In the course of the proceedings, the following smart dialogue took place : Mr. Baron Alderson.---Suppose the House of Commons ordered a man to be executed, would he have no remedy ? The Attorney General would decline to argue so ex travagant an hypothesis. Mr: Baron Alderson.—Or to be turned out of his free- The Attorney General.—He would not occupy time in the argument of anything so improbable. Mr. Baron Alderson.—lt may not suit your views now to contend for that, but it follows necessarily from your proposition. The Attorney General.—lt would be easy to show how the well-known powers of the courts of law mi g ht be abused, to the grievous oppression of the subject, without his having any redress. Baron Alderson.—Yes, but there is a material dis tinction between the abuse of known powers, and the abuse of unknown powers. You could not have had the slightest difficulty in answering the question in the case of the Queen, for if she were to order a man to be exe cuted, or to be turned out of his freehold, the law would interpose and protect him. The Attorney-General.—But if the Sovereign were per sonally, and with her own hand, to inflict an injury ou a subject, he could have no redress ? Mr. Baron Alderson.—Yes ; and if the House of Com mons were to do it with their own hand, perhaps there would be no redress for it. But if they do it by the hand of another, is not that other responsible to the party in jured ? That is the question. The Attorney-General.—lf the House of Lerds were to direct their officer to commit an offence, even murder, they could protect him by having the case brought before them on a writ of error. _ _ Mr. Baron Alderson.—They could not have it brought before them unless the jury found a special verdict. Again, the House of Lords, as a legislative body, was very different from the House of Lords as a judicial body. The constitution had clearly made them in the latter capacity the ultimate court of appeal ; and it was impos sible to make any provision against their abusing the judicial authority with which they were invested. The Attorney-General said it was not necessary for him to contend that the House of Commons could do what they liked. All he now contended for was that they had acted rightly in the course pursued by them in the present case. June 16, 1R46. LONDON CORN EXCHANGE.—YESTERDAY ippiy of English Wheat by land-carriage sam morning being even smaller than advance of 3s. to 4s. per quarter, at 'which t ate, factors realised an the whose was quickly mely limited, and the cleared off demand of bonded for export Barley is more inquired atter, and our quotations are fully supported. Beans must be written Is. per qr. and peas is to ' l -n”.r_ Oats sold readily at an advance of Is. per qr apon - the prices of this day se'anight. SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET.-YESTERDAY, Owing to the continuance of warm weather, and the thin attendance of buyers, the beef trade was in a very depressed state, at a decline in the quotations obtained on Monday last, of 2d per Sibs. ; the highest figure for the best Scots not exceeding 3s. ICd. per Sibs., and a clearance was not effected. From Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex and Cambridgeshire we received 1610 Scots, homebreds, and short-horns; for the Western and Midland Counties 400 Herefords, Devons, runts, &c.; from other parts of England 380 of various breeds; and from Scot land 320 horned and polled Scots. )od, while the Mutton trade was firm, and last week's prices were well supported. Although the supply of Lambs was large, the Lamb trade was firm, and previous rates were maintained in every instance. Calves moved off slowly, at but little alteration in value. In Pigs very little was doing at our quotations. of sheer The christening of the infant Princess is fully expected to take place at Windsor early in the ensuing month. Her Majesty will thus, we hope, be free from every en gagement which would prevent her accompanying her Royal Consort to Liverpool. It is said that a difference of ten percent. in masons ? wages will pay the carriage of worked stone for 100 miles. Tire Limerick Reporter estimates the number of per sons who attended the " O'Brien Demonstration" in that town, last week, at three hundred thousand. Captain Gladstone, in consequence - of in his family obliging him to go to Germany, has paired off with the Hon. J. K. Howard. ROYAL COLLEGE OF CHYMISTRY.—Prince Albert, president of the insti! ution, has expressed his intention of laying the foundation stone of the new laboratories in connexion with this college, this day (Tuesday). The asphalte pavements in Manchester have melted with the heat of the sun, and the pedestrians have, in some instances, found difficulty in releasing their feet from the pitchy substance. At the . raark'et in this town on Saturday strawterries were Is. per quart ; cherries Bd. to is. per lb ; goose berries 4d. to sd. per quart; peas is. to is. 6d. per peck; new potatoes 2d. to 3d. per lb. The statue of Sir Walter Scott, by Mr. Steel, the Scot tish sculptor, is ready to be placed on its pedestal in the the monument in Prince's-street, where it will be erected on the 15th August, the anniversary of the great novelist's natal day. The proprietors of the Patriot newspaper are about to present their readers with a gallery of portraits—repre senting the leading Missionaries. They are most splendidly executed in oil colour painting —a style that renders them beantiful and effective. Mr. COBDEN'S HEALTH.—A League jourital gives a formal contradiction to prevailing rumours that r. Cob den is afflicted with a " mortal" disease ; it admits, how ever, that he is " worn by his incessant labours," and that he himself recently said—" When I have done with corn, I must go to grass." STRAWBERRIES.—Mt. Cuthill, the florist of Camber well, has been very successful this season in the cultiva tion of strawberries. Many of his plants have borne from 100 to 150 strawberries, many weighing an ounce each, and some of them five inches in circumference. The plant stands up like a little bush above the ground. A STEAMER BLOWN UP, AT NAPLES. —The fine steamer built in England, for the Count of Syracuse, blew up at Castellamere, on the night of the 50th ult. The prince had that day made an excursion in her to the island of Capri, but bad returned to Naples by the rail road. In the evening the crew amused aerns::lves by letting off fireworks, a spark from which tell into the " 250 - nds of er magazine, in pou. p)wder. The persons on board were blown into the sea, and many of them were seriously injured, but they were all taken out alive. The windows along the shore to considerable distance were broken. A PUZZLING QUESTION.-Sir Robert Peel was puzzled by the Protectionists, when asked what the price of wheat would be when the new Corn Bill came into operation. But this question, though puzzling, was far less difficult than the following :—Sir Joseph Radcliffe, a few daya ago, in looking over the works on the Church Fenton and Harrogate Railway, near Follyfoot, and casting a mecha nical eye down a shaft that was being formed, observed to the workmen employed that it was not circular. One of the men, evidently not pleased with the remark, called out, from the bottom of the shaft, at the top of his v oice, " I say, maister, can you tell me how many square yard 9 of reek will make a bushel of soot ?" _ _ RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—On - Sunday morning, as the cheap train from London to this town was approaching the Barford station, an accident occurred which m ight? but for the care of the engineer, have been attended Wit t !, unpleasant consequences. A lu ggage tra i n w i t h ou t an' engine had been left on the do wn li ne , the' engine,e., fog of the cheap train saw it but indi s ti nc tl y , ow i ng to a which prevailed at the time, but stopped the engine as quickly as possible, not iu time, however, to prevent collision, which splinte r ed th e f ore -b oar d o f t h e eng ine, a piece of oak six inches thick. Beyond a few slight bruises, none of the passengers were injured. The spring of one of the carriages was broken, and a delay of an hour was caused by the accident. n ubile SPEED OF THE LOCOMOTIVE.—OD Saturday, a- • d experiment for the purpose of exhibiting the econo tractive capacity of the broad-gauge locomotive "1 made , on on the Great Western line to and fro, between London and Bristol. The experiment was made with hundreda new en. tons. gine, dragging a passenger train of onearrived The train left Paddington at 11h. 47m. 525., and in safety at Bristol at 16m. 325. past two o'clock, the dis tance gone over being 118 miles, and the space of tiro occupied, stoppages included , being 2h. 26m. and 40 0 - The motion throughout the journey was very steady, and the average speed attained on level portions of the line wa s nearly 60 miles an hour. On ' rapidly descending gradients a.max i rn um speed of from 0 to 72 mil es an h ou r was reached, while, again, on sharp cur ves , or steep i nc lines' the rate was diminished to a b ou t 59 m i les an hour. EFFECTS OF A STRIK E . —M any years ago the shiPPe,„,- of shoes from this po r t h a d t h e i r orders executed by tu, r:Y shoemakers of Liverpo o l, an d t h e shoemaking tra d e eras one that furnished employment to large numbers of strike tisans. Whe never th e orders were numerous a str'"o took place, men refuse to work, and the masters were obliged to se n d th e i r or d ers to Stafford, where wages liner , much lower. So difficult at last was it t o ge t a foreign": der executed in Liverpool, that the merchants were oT,,f pelled to send their orders t o St a ff or d d i rect, and ins t• years not a shoe was made in Liverpool f or f ore i g n es,P7be The town lost that trade entirely, Staff or d d e rived• benefit, and for many years Liverpool itself has beet; t he undated with Staffordshire-made shoes, and some O'• 0 11 principal manufacturers have sale-shops in this tovvn i ' iti f• their workmanship being done at Stafford or its YieJ n Oill SMOKE PROHIBITION.—The Smoke Prohibitioo r i o g of the present session was printed on Thursday, be titi sot the names of Mr. Mackinnon, Lord Francis Egerton: is Mr. W. Beckett. Its object, as declared by the s ',l " to prohibit the nuisance of smoke from furnace, 9 „jule manufactories." There are 17 p rov i s i ons an d a se.°` containing a form of conviction. The present bill is to all former ones. Justices are (according to its term s the appoint inspectors of smoke nuisances from and aftlf n ot Ist of January next, f r o m w hi c h d ay opaque sm oke 1 ; pe , to issue from any c hi mne y o f a f urnace f or any longedbog riod of time than is bona fide necessary fof the 1 013 for of the fire of such fur nace . Th ere are penaltiel o ae• offences, and means provided for recovering the ... D ort Th's bil; does not seem to have been framed on the .; 1 1015 made to the Government by the two scientific iodi v o l iuted who have made a report on the subject, and who 1oll: out therein the difficulties of effectually legislating .3,re DIED Yesterday, MARIA, youngest daughter of Mr. r.— *i; JONES, Fenwick-street, aged 14 years. O owto On the 4th instant, at Ashton-under-Line, JANE oc er, Dale late of Edgmond, Salop, sister of Wm. Morgan, g' street. ,- ------' —„u 15' °to°thLe COTTON eekl V y E e g R u a P The demand for Cotton continues on a very !L cu ti ," is Wa' t y ,0 ns MARKET, ptn; 0 l : ei t rc - e sy d di s on c ; 5 1 ico e ry: s c a r i c j e l l fair business is done at steady market prices. press their stocks, presuming that the great deficientell, ,3 port, as compared with last year, must eventually by tl t l i that any change most be their favour. The aeonccount4rvii packet have produced no change, and we clos a ? last Friday's prices LIVERPOOL: TUESDAY, JUNE 16, 1846. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED TUESDAY MOitiN'' EVERY -- __ J BY OSHUA FLETCHER LACE, of 53. Grove-street, and LEONARD ADDISON, of 14, Great Orford-street. and Adve rtise mentsare received yMe Nw * " tr ee tl t f Orders s At No. 4, ST. GEoßax's CasscENuT Livasasrrso.or.• 1.,..pa Co , Warwick-square ; Barker and White, Fleeslaruefr Deacon, Walbrook ; Reynell,Chancery-lane; Charle,. son. Birchin-lane ; Joseph Thomas, 1, Finch-lane, Cornb i l L i e 'd LioO den Hammond, '27, Lombard-street; Mitchell , S. rt, Colo, court, Fleet-street ; Lewis and Lowe, 3, Castie-eot!nic.,„ne; hill; at the London Commercial Cofiee-house, Miaow:l'6-of, at the Jerusalem Coffee-house, Cornhill ; Cin ni erica ll fee-house, Paternoster-row; North and South. __ . g a rfP Coffee-house, Threadneedle -street; Parsons, 9. M v ,-,011 0 ; lane, London ; Johnston and Co., Eden Quay , ; st reet. Wheeler, Exchange-street, and C. 11. Lewis, Ntar2,..lrseilerli Manchester; Haddock, and J. and W. Booth. Ity`ht skti. Warrington; Clarke, Pilot-office, Preston; and Yu.. Dain, Herald-office, Birmingham.