The Northern Daily Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-01-07 00:00:00

THE WAR. PRANCE. We read in the Journal des Debats that, accord ing to accounts received from Constantinople, orders have been transmitted to Omar Pacha to send to Trebizond the greater portion of the battalions under his command as fast as they reach Soukum Kaleh. A letter dated, Paris, Friday, mentions that the assurance had that day been given in an official quarter of the 'resolution of this government to Carry on the war in the most vigorous mann the event of Russia not acceding to the proposi tions adopted by the allies. It was repeated r the same time that the Emperor Napoleon 3 no insatiable desire for war ; on the cent he would feel as much satisfaction as any one that the war should cease, but that he and the English. Government were determined not to abate one iota of the terms on Which peace would be accepted, and that if Russia still held out she would SOOll see how two such Powers make war in the Baltic. It was not denit was still a glimmer of hope of peace, ou,, admitted that the glimmer was very faint ins There are many rumours, but it is while, indeed, it would be waste of time to occupy you with them, as they can only be founded on the merest conjectures. In some of the Ger taan Chancelleries in Paris it is said that the despatch sent by Count George Esterhazy of the disposition of the King of Prussia to support the Austrian propositions at St. Petersbur g led to oon clusions far too f avourable and exaggerated and th a t t h e Count disappeared soon after from Berlin, and it is supposed proceeded to Vienna to set his Government right on the matter, and it is feared to considerably reduce the importance which had, unintentionally or otherwise, been attached to the promise, or engagement, of the MTh Ring o f Bavaria continues, as before, anxious for peace, but w i t h restr i ctions, and he d not go bey on d the acceptance by Russia of howev er the four points. M. d e B eust remains faithful , to th e i mpressions with which he left Paris on his return to Germany, and to thos e who r eproach hi m with his change of opinion he alleges the milita ry advantage s th e b elligerent Powers have already obtained, and the satisfactory ex- Planations given to him by the Emperor and the French Minister for Foreign Affairs. The resentment of Russia against Sweden is very great. She will never forget or forgive the alliance of that government with France and England, A new exchange of prisoners between the French and Russians took place recently at Odessa. Among the Fr ench p r i soners given up were three o ffi cers of utour, wh o were captured it may be remembered, some time ago by the Cossacks whilst out shooting in the neighbourhood of Kinburn. er, in ed that then lot worth AUSTRIA. From Vienna our adviees, dated the Ist instant, state that political news there is none, but a few words m us t b e said respecting a dinner which Prince Gortschakeff a few - days since gave to Baron Rees and other Austrian officers of the highest ,rank. Towards the end of the meal Prince Gorts akeSi proposed the health of Baron Hess, and at tie same time expressed his heartfelt satisfaction that there was such an excellent understanding between the Russian and Austrian armies. In a word, the Russian minister took an ungenerous advantage of his position as host, an-d insinuated that the political opinions of his Majesty's princi pal Generals did not coincide with those enter tained by his Majesty's ministers. Baron Hess, who is a good diplomatist as well as a skilful offi cer, replied that he was greatly flattered by the compliments paid him by the Prince, but took no notice whatever of the political part of his speech. Naturally a public correspondent cannot mention his sources of information, but you may be perfectly sure that the Emperor expressed extreme indigna tion when he learned that the Minister of a foreign Power had dared to hint that his army disapproved of his policy in the Eastern Question. The " de monstration" wss intended to be against the Minis ter for Foreign Affairs, but Prince Gortschakoff over shot the mark, and forgot that the Emperor, as an absolute Monarch, directs the foreign policy of Austria, and that Count Buol merely obeys the instructions which he receives. No one can be better aware of the perfect correctness of this remark than M. de Bourqueney, and the Earl of Westmoreland, for, to my certain knowledge, both of them more than once heard from thelips of the Austrian states man, that he was only the interpreter of the will of his Imperial master. Count Manteuflel, who was e xpected by th e morn i ng tra i n from Dresden, has not yet arrived. At the sitting which was held yesterday by the Ad ministrative Coun c il o f t h e Credit Bank, Prince Max von Fiirstenberg proposed Prince Schwarzen• berg as President of the Company, and that noble man, who is the largest landed proprietor in Bohemia, was elected by acclamation. In addition to the Financial Committee, a Com mittee of Organisation has been formed, whose duty it will b o to propose the employes and estab lish the bureaux of the Company. The Financial Committee will manage the funds of the Company, and for the moment invest its capital in such a way that it can be had at a very short notice. No one is inclined to doubt that the shares will bear a very high premium before a year has elapsed. In consequence of the enormous rise in the price of all the necessaries of life, the lower classes of Government clerks are in such extreme distress that his Majesty has directed they shall either receive temporary assistance, or have their salaries augmented. Prince Gortschakoff and his suite declare that they fully expect to quit Vienna, but it will be seen that they will linger here as long as they can find an excuse for doing so. The Kalisch corres• pondent of the Oesterreichi<che Zeitung, who is no bad authority in such matters, is of opinion that Russia will never accept such conditions as those which have now been sent by this government to St. Petersburg. On the same authority it ma be stated that O mar P asha is not on the banks of the Rion, but behind the river Teehur. RUSSIA. The following is the text of the appeal addressed by the Emperor of Russia to the peasants of the Crown domains. It is sent to Count Perowsky, General of Infantry and Minister of Appanages : " Count Leon Alexiewitsch I—Our father of blessed memory, by a rescript addressed to you on October 25, 1854, called upon the peasants of the Crown domains to participate in the general work of the defence of the country. At once many more volunteers presented them selves than were necessary to form the effective of the regiment of tirailleurs of the Imperial family, three•battalions strong. . More than half of those who offered themselves were able to return to their homes. We nowue it necessary to f orm the fourth battalion o j f the same regiment, and-we therefore order a new appeal to be addressed to the peasants of the domains conformably to the principles established in the regulation of Oct. 25, 1854. In charging you with the formation of the fou r th battalion, w e are . perfectly convinced. that in response to our appeal the peasants of the d oma i ns will run to the defence of the country with the same eagerness as their brothers, called b our y father, displayed, when they o ox andffed t holhemselve Russia. s to resist the enemies of orthod (Signed) y ALEXANDER. scarce in Russia : men, Everything is getting money, saltpetre, sulphur, and foren produce of ent offer fabu every description. In vain Governor lously high prices to contractors for the delivery of saltpetre, in the hope of making available the pri vate stocks of the merchants. The article is not to be had. Private instructions have been given to the custom-houses on the frontiers to admit con traband of war, and many thousand bags o f saltpetre have been entered as rice, and chests of sulphur as Havanna sugar ; but still the consump tion is greater than the supply, and it is difficult to see where gunpowder is to come from if the war is to be continued. In spite of the severe pains and Penalties on the exportation of gold and silver coin, the profit on such transacti ons i s so l ucrat i ve that the smugglers are prepared to run all risk of detection; for they receive no less than 4 per cent. commission on this side the frontier, and as much more on the other. It is therefore no wonder that the Imperials and demi-Imperials are getting every day scarcer. The reported discovery of large beds of sulphur in the neighbourhood of the banks of the river Volga turns out to be a hoax. Admiral Paniutin, the late commander-in-chief of the Russian naval forces in the Pacific, who, it will be remembered, lost the frigate Diana in the waters of Japan, has been raised by the Emperor to the dignity of a count. PRUSSIA, Despatches from Berlin, dated the 4th in; state that the late sudden change in the weath after the rture of the last of the Allied cruis I the I ussian vessels in the Scandinavian it escape. The coast has been free from ice as far up the Baltic as Hones of peace have somewhat revived reported that Baron Seebach ports to effect t answer NORTHERN DAILY TIMES.-LIVERPOOL, MONDAY, JANUARY 7, 1856. Brandy • • Gin. • • ..... •• Whisky •••• Rum Cordials Perfumed 5pirit5..... ...... Wine containing more than 25 per cent. of alchohol of a specific, gravity of 823, at the tempe ra tu re ) of 509 of Fahrenheit's thermo. meter.... All other wine...... .... Tea, per lb Refined sugar, per cwt Unrefined ditto Mo'aeses, ditto Coffee, per lb Chicory Cigars, per 1b.... Manufactured tobacco, ditto Unmanufactured dit o, ditto Snuff Ale and beer in wood, per gal. Ale and beer in bottle s. d. s. d. s. d. 6 0 9 0 10 0 6 0 9 0 to 0 406 0 7 0 406 0 7 0 6 0 9 0 10 0 406 o 7 0 1) 0 10 2 0 0 1} 0 3 34 6 8 26 5 0 18 3 4 0 0i 0 2 O 0 2 0 1 0 O 8 2 0 O 1 0 2 O 2 3 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 O 1 O 2 By this change it is said G oveznment will gain an increased revenue on tea of 27,000/, and on sugar of 35,000/ per annum. The commercial record of the Empire of the 15th of September states that— A further rise in the price of flour has taken place, and stocks are so low that fresh arrivals will meet with immediate sales. Firsts are quoted at 35! per ton, seconds at 331. Mr. Breillart reports that the rapid manner in which the late importations of wheat and flour have moved off has induced a rise in the market. Wheat is now selling for 14s a bushel. Exchange, 3 per cent premium. THE RUGELEY POISONING CASES Every day brings forth new information in relation to those mysterious affairs. It has also been mentioned, although the particulars have not been given in detail, that a person, the agent of a brewer, was on a visit to Palmer about five years since, and that he died there. That person was a Mr. Bladen, who was a collector in Charrington's firm. Mr. Bladen had been staying with Palmer about six days, and during that period he was taken suddenly ill. Palmer attended him, and in a letter to his wife stated that her husband was dangerously ill, 'ld requested her to come to Rugeley without delay. On arrival the same night, she was shown into Mr. 're she found Mr. Palmer and Mr. As at the time insensible, and dying showed her to -- in Bladen' ThirlbN 's bed-room, wh Bladen fast. Palmer _ remain _.... the bedroom but a few minutes, and in an hour or two after wards Bladen ceased to exist. Subsequently she requested to see her husband's dead body, but Palmer would not allow her to do so, alleging that the body was decom posing very fast, and that the sight would be too much for her. Palmer's wife (the subject of the pending inquiry) was greatly agitated when she heard of Bladen's death, and exclaimed, " My poor mother died when on a visit here last year, and now this man. What will people say ?" Palmer afterwards searched Bladen's pockets, and brought, as he stated, the contents to Mrs. Bladen, namely, 151. Mrs. Bladen was 'surprised at the small ness of the amount, her husband having left London, as she believed, with 2001. in his pocket. Palmer replied that since Bladen had been in Rugeley, he had been betting heavily, and had been very unfortunate. Mrs. Bladen desired to have the body removed to London, but Palmer persuaded her not to do so, as the expense would be so great. She afterwards ascertained that the sum could not have been nearly so large as he represented. In addition to the persons who have been already referred to as supposed victims of Palmer, another has been recently named. Information has just been given to Capt. Hatton, the chief of the Staffordshire constabulary, that a gentle man connected with the Turf, who was accompanied by Palmer to the races at Leicester not a great while since, whose horse won there, and who was said to have realised a large sum of money by his bet ting on the race, became dangerously ill immediately afterwards, and was attended professionally by Palmer. Before his death the poor fellow's wife had arrived at his bedside, summoned there by the dying man. He had strength sufficient to tell that he had won a large sum from Palmer, and in a day or so afterwards he expired. As soon after death as was compatible with the melancholy position which the widow occupied, she told Palmer what her husband had said to her, and as there was scarcely any money found in the deceased's pockets, asked him for a portion of the money which her deceased husband had won from him in betting. Palmer, it is said, replied that she was greatly misled ; that, on the contrary, her husband was largely indebted to him. In consequence of Palmer's refusal to pay her any money, she had to borrow money to bury her husband, and to enable her to return to her home. On Friday next Professor Taylor will be present to give evidence as to the poisonous contents of the stomachs of Mrs. Anne, and Mr. Walter Palmer. The case of the late Mr. Cook is still the engrossing topic of conversation in sporting circles, and the revelations which are daily made deepens the sensation of horror and disgust which all persons feel. All attempts to dis cover poor Cook's betting-book :have failed, and a sug gestion has therefore been made to apply to the memben of the Ring, to ascertain, if possible, what money was paid to or received from the deceased at Shrewsbury, Palmer's racing stud, comprising The Chicken, Nettle, Rip Van Winkle, the Seaweed filly, Lurley, Staffordshire Nan, and eleven others, is advertised to be sold by Messrs. Tattersall, on Monday, January 14th. The sale of the household effects of Palmer commenced on Friday, and continued on Saturday. Towards the close of the sale in the evening one of the bailiffs, who had been put in posses sion, discovered a kind of private drawer, in a chest of drawers, which, on being opened, was found to contain a bundle of papers belonging to Palmer, and an old diary which had been kept by him, and all which are stated to furnish information of an important character. They have been taken possession of by the police. THE LATE EXPLOS'ON IN WOOLWICH AESENAL.—The Government has directed that the widows and families of the three men who died from the injuries resulting from the late explosion shall continue to receive a 'sum equal to the amount of wages formerly paid to the deceased. The same payment is also to be paid to the families of the sufferers now at the Royal Ordnance Hospital. THE LATE TRAGEDY IN THE MINORIES.--The wretched man Corrigan awaits in Newzate his trial at the sessions of the Central Criminal Court, which commence this day. The funeral of the murderedfemale took place yesterday afternoon, at two o'clock, and from what can be gleaned, it seems that the fonr helpless children will be removed to the workhouse of St. Matthew, Bethnal-green, Bonner's-fields, Victoria park. It appears that Corrigan belonged to a Foresters' Society, and was a free member, but the committee con nected • with the club have refused to allow the £6 which was expected for the deceased's funeral ! On Friday, the prisoner was occupied in writing several letters, which were forwarded by post to the various parties to whom they were directed, ANNUAL TRADE CIRCULARS, TIM MONEY MARKET. (From Messrs. 7. and H. Littlodes % Co.'s Circular.) The money market has presented some singular features during the past year. For the first eight months the supply was most ample, and though loan after loan was announced, they appeared to create only a momentary influence, and although it was the season of our heaviest imports and stocks of produce, the rates of discount steadily declined from 5 per cent. in January to 31 per cent. in June. But why this decline?—simply because the bullion increased from £12,000,000 to £18,000,000 ; not from the want of demand for money—the deposit on the loans, the lame requirements of C' the outfit of the secon campai cis of commerce led to the constan )rt of "a e demand, bat an ample supply" kept remarkably —and yet . the eireulatio. of the , ha steads, and me within £150,0n0 in January and a to ebb fro - m us, 'hole phaseof t Ltters was oh been overtrading, and the bank of France in the vain endeavour to keep her rate of discount at 4 pe allowed her coffers to be so drainrd of bullion that she must get a supply at any cost, and made a contract with Messrs. Rothschild for £4,000,000, which was supplied from this country. To stop this and oth T cent drains the bank began y in September to put on the screw—compelled to do so of course by the act of 1844, to check their circulation of notes in proportion , to their declin- of bullion—in sii weeks (from the 6th of September to the 18th of October) they raised their rates 7, and what did they affect by it ?—the circulation of notes actually increased £ 540,000, from £20,104,000 to £20,648,000, whilst the bullion on the con trary, continued to decrease at ac,more rapid rate than before. But how fared the commercial public ?—every banker armed himself with a reserve, and parted with his notes so grudgingly, as to create a famine in the midst of plenty. The average circulation of the bank for the first six months of the year was £19,672,000, with abundance of money at rates steadily declining from 5 to 34 per cent,—for the last six months the average circulation has been £19,985,000, with money apparently scarce and difficult to get, at advanced rates from 34 to 7 per cent and the stocks of produce diminished to their lowest point. But this is only half the picture, for not only has the actual circulation of bank notes been £310,000 greater, but from the moment the rate of discount exceeded 5 per cent bankers' bills have circulated in payments of every kind, to a much greater extent than bank notes, and to their substitntion. There have been few years recently when the commerce of the country has gone on with greater uniformity as to supply and demand. Imports and exports alike steady and moderate—nndertrading rather than overtrading—no heavy stocks and no lengthened speculations :—if then, with such a sound state of things, commerce is to be taxed with a double rate of interest, what may we expect in the course of the next few months—when our unusually large imports of cotton, corn, sugar, &c.. will be met by equally l arge l oans , and government - , demands for a campaign double in extent of what we have yet seen, both in this country and France ? and how far will the bank be allowed to raise the rate of discount, should the drain of gold continue, before an expedient be resorted to, to relax the metallic law ? The bullion has again decreased, and the year closes at £10,820,143; reserve of notes £5,963,850; notes in circulation £18,700,615. 'rom 32 per cent. t GENERAL REMARKS. The attention of all classes has been so much occupied throughout the past year, with the varying phases of the war, that its commercial operations have not been watched and discussed with the usual care, and hence, probably, the difference of opinions entertained as to its results. On this account, and still more, as being our first entire year of active warfare, it may not be uninteresting, briefly, to pass in review some of our leading articles of import and distinct trades. Our last annual circular closed with this remark, t , we look forward with confidence to 1855 being a more prosperous year Nnth the commercial class than the past*;" and such undoubtedly has been the fact. In 1854, nearly every leading article of import lost money, indeed, it was a worse year to the merchant than was prudent to admit— loss was the rule and profit the exception—in the last year, the reverse has happily been the cage. To begin with cotton, the import into the country has been the largest on record (2,277,000 bales) with the single exception of 1852—two thirds of which has probably left a profit, in some instances a very large one, to the importer, and we close the year with the smallest stock since 1847, giving a consumption of over 40,000 bales per week. Sugar, so disastrous in its re sults to importers in 1854, has been a highly satisfactory trade, and during the latter part of the year has left large profits from whatever quarter imported. Coffee has given a better result on importations than in 1854, both from Brazil and Ceylon, indeed must be classed as good. Tea forms the only exception amongst our leading imports, on which the loss has been heavy ; and what makes the fact the more annoying is, the enormous amount of bullion sent out for the purchase of these teas, to the serious detri ment of our money market. Silk has probably done harm rather than good, with small exceptions. Indigo has paid handsome profits to the inaportef, both to this country and to France. Wool, both from Australia and Bombay, has given a good return on a large import. Timber : Probably in no article is the contrast of th e t wo years so mar k e d as in this, the one being as successful (deals excepted) as the previous year was disa s t rous . Th ose articles also, more directly influenced by the war, which were noted as paying well in 1854, have done so again in 1855, such as tallow, hemp, and linseed, whilst the African trade, which was then remarked upon as being probably the most prosperous of the year, has again retained a front rank. If we refer to particular trades, we find the American good, North American or Canadian the same, South American (Brazil and West Coast) satisfactory ; Calcutta a remarkably good year, Bombay, Ceylon, Batavia, end Mauritius all good taken as a whole, China and Australia forming the excep tions. Mediterranean, more particularly the Levant, i a trade which a few years since seemed almost extinct, s now most flourishing—indeed the Gold of the Allies is creat ing an opening at Constantinople and the neighbouring districts, immense in extent, and likely to be far more last ing than the War out of which it has originated, and even the trade with the Raltic, though of course much reduced, has not been without its profits. Amongst our Home Trades there has been great activity, notwithstanding the war and the high price of food; probably the most prosperous has been the Irou Trade. The make has far exceeded any former year, and yet the consump tion and export have kept pace with it ; no doubt the stimulus given to iron shipbuilding by the demand for steam transports. and the large contracts for the munitions of war have greatly contributed to this result. Its ally, the Coal Trade, stimulated by the same causes, has been little inferior in results. The Manchester Manufacturers, it is true have not had a successful year ; the price of cotton, coupled with the high rates of money preventing them working to profit,'and had it not been for the unprecedented demand for Turkey, stocks must have accumulated. The Silk Trade has also been unremunerating, but the Woollen Manufacturers have prospered in nearly allbranches, far more so than in 1854. The Shipping Interest has had another good year, except, perhaps, in cotton freights. Last not least, the Agriculturists cannot complain ; and the labour of the nation was never more fully occupied or better paid. From the foregoing remarks it must be admitted that 1855 will rank amongst the prosperous years of this country, and that, not confined to one class in particular, but widely disseminated through the community. What its successor may prove, it is impossible even to conjecture — peace or war will mainly determine its character. One thing, however, in its favour, is the certainty of a most abundant supply of cotton, the best guarantee of a large trade and safe prices, though we confess we do not look forward to the coming year, with so much confidence as we did the last, simply because of the deranged state of the Money market, and the higher range of valve attained by many articles. Great caution is imperative. HIDES. (nom the Circular of Messrs. Tristram Since we had the pleasure of addressing you, at this time last year, the hide and leather :trade has been more or less in a continual state of excitement, produced by various causes; the result of which is that both hides and leather have considerably advanced in value, the former to the extent of 20 to 25 p er cen t., an d th e latter about 15 to n p irsnet e aga r dtue c ? e rgoe n urd t tt hf e e o v i rsn e ug r i t po l ahlvyeae has been m r eh r eei e nnd n te t sb, p pr toi r . uniurcdgpe brought sth t e ewsa,eb greato v bu e o t both m hgp o ur n oai t nfn b et s wii pt b hya ail which hy k. of 1 by yac ttthi This the together have been sufficient, even in the face of the pressure on the money market and the dearness of food, to raise prices to the extent we have mentioned. The stocks on hand, of both hides and leather, have, invariably, within the last year been exceedingly low, and at times quite inadequate to the wants of the trade ; but buyers, influenced by the state of the money market, have generally acted with great caution; the advance has therefore, been gradual and not sudden, and attaches to it a stability which rapid advances do not bear with them. The present position of the Tanning and Leather trade is one of momentous importance to all engaged in it; Raw Hides having attained a value higher then has been known within the last 25 years. We :commence the present year with both the raw material and manufactured article at exceedingly high rates, and it is, therefore, chiefly to the prospect of events for the current year that all are particu larly interested. It seems to be admitted by all that the present high prices are mainly owing to the war in which this country is now engaged. The requirements for army purposes are large, both for Raw Hides and Leather, and this occurring at a time when the supplies of Foreign Hides are below the average of the last five years, (as will be seen on reference] to our tables annexed) naturally produces a scarcity, and consequent advance in price. Apart from the question of the war, the present state of the general trade of the country is antagonistic to high prices of Leather— money is scarce and dear, provisions higb,andwilolle have a r e uoperativespon in the manufacturing districts not ful l y employed ; this st a t e of things is principally produced by the war, and it i s on l y by a termination of hostilities that w e can expect an improvement in our position, — and the main question, therefore, is what effect a return to peace the Leather trade in particular. The stocks of Leather in the country are well known to be unusually small, and the quantity in process of manufacture is undoubtedly much less than in former years, therefore, when the war ends and the requirements for army purposes abate, we do not anticipate more leather will be produced during the next twelve months than the improved state of our home trade, consequent upon peace ' will demand. The experience of former years has shown how futile have been the conjectures as to the probable supply of Foreign Hides, but at this time it must be borne in mind, as a reason for expeCting increased imports, that the present extreme prices will encourage the shipment of them from all quarters where they can be obtained but while we continue to r supplies, we consider that, even in declared, much lower prices for lea )eace being 13 expected, } and Are would of demand f Lt reactioi e, but tha in prices v we shall require n lower ratAg_ hanro ,rger supplies in the late a in to this countr large sl satisfactory prospects of our own harvest for the present 9ments of g and by the very SOLE LEATHEII.—The tendency a twelve months has con4tantly been upwards, and tations of to-day are 14 - d to 2d per lb higher that time last year; the highest advance has been pH] upon the best qualities of foreizt butts and bends, a English, which, throng bein in insuf nt supply value; common have also participated in the improvement, although not to the smile Went, The continued advance in hides, and great uncertainty as to caused tanners to keep their leather off the mar Lure supplies, have oned, stool as possible, before me.. seen exceedingly light. Having referred in our opening paragraphs to the causes which have produced the present standard of price , , and to the effects which an altered state of political events may produce, we have little more to add, other than the remark that the year commences with an exceedingly small quantity of leather in factors' hands, tanners, many of them, are full of orders, and that i estimated, that the country dealers hold exceedingly small stocks ; from which our readers miy draw th ;ir OWN inference, taking into consideration the other circumstances we have alluded to. DRESSING LEATHER : Shaved hides have improved in value considerably, and are now 2d to gd per lb higher than at the commencement of last year. Government orders have required large quantities, and the market has been frequently cleared ; stocks on hand are exceedingly small, and our present quotations are readily obtained. Harness hides have also advanced in price, and well flayed parcels continue to be much wanted ; common descriptions are more plentiful : good unshaved dressing hides about 21 to 26113 s are in request, at our full quotations. Horse hides, the stocks on hand of these goods, both tanned and in the hair, are considerably reduced, but we cannot report much, if any, improvement in value ; it is evident that the consump tion of Cordovan in this country has fallen off very materially. Kips, in the almost absence of any supplies of Petersburgh, the best qualities of East India have been much enquired for; common qualities have continued dull of sale until within the last month, when a better demand has been experienced. Stocks of all kinds are small, and fresh arrivals more freely. Calf skins have sold steadily during the whole of the year, and there is not much alt era ti on in prices to note ; good pattern skins, 70 to 901bs, are much sought after. OFFAL.—It is somewhat remarkable that offal is almost the only article connected with the trade which has deterio rated in value during the past year, both shoulders and bellies being Id to ld per lb lower than at this time twelve months back; this may be in some mea s u re accoun t e d f or by the decline in the price of sizing having induced tanners to tan more of their offal than they otherwise would have done. At the present time shoulders, both English and Foreign, are not in large supply, but the stock of bellies is considerable. There appears to be a feeling prevalent that there will be a move in offal shortly, in conformity to the present state of the market for other descriptions of leather. RAW GOODS.—SALTED RIVER PLATE AND RIO GRANDE lIIDES.—On reference to the annexed table, it will be seen that the total imports into this country for the past year have been 568,342, against 492,437 in 1854, 712,565 in 1853, 601.578 in 1852, and 630,452 in 1851, which shows a decrease of 40,916 hides on the average of the four pre ceding years. Of the import this year a very considerable deduction must be made for the large quantity which has been taken to supply government orders, and which have not come into tanners' hands ; and it may fairly be presumed that the quantity of hides put into work in this country during the past twelve months has been very much below the average of many years back. During the whole of the past year the market for these goods has been exceedingly buoyant, and prices have continued gradually to advance without any check, until they have reached our present quotations, which are from 20 to 25 per sent. higher than at this period in 1855. This advance is principally owing to the advices from time to time reaching this country from the River Plate, all to the effect that there were few hides to ship, and by tanners apprehending (certainly not without great cause) there would be a scarcity of leather in the country consequent. upon the small quantities of hides put forward in 1854. The continental markets have competed largely with us for these bides, and have given a further stimulus to prices The prospect of future supplies seems very unsatisfactory by the lart advices from the River Plate, and the market is now very firm at our extreme quo'ations. There can be no doubt that the present high rates will bring over all the hides that can be procured; and should the war end soon, the wants of Government for loshing purposes will cease ; and it may be expected that the continental markets will require a much less quantity, therefore our home tanners may be able to obtain larger supplies. The stocks remaining on hand at the present time are exceedingly small, tho total quantity in the United Kingdom being only 7,978 hides, against 37,032 at the end of 1854; 114,231 in 1853; 63,258'in 1852 ; and 144,336 in 1851. Dux RIVER PLATE AND RIO GRANDE HIDES.—The total imiort during the past year has again been extremely limited, amounting to only 4,349, of both descriptions, against 7,171 in 1854, 64,625 in 1853, 24,185 in 1852, and 62,653 in 1851. With this small import, the transactions have necessarily been unimportant, but prices have ruled much higher than for many years back. The bulk of the imports have been of common quality. The present stocks on hand are 939 dry Rio Grande in this market, and 60 dry Buenos Ayres in London; total 999 hides, against 676 in 1854, 3,754 in 1853, and 4,200 in 1852. WEST COAST AND WEST INDIA HlDES.—lmports 7,549 of the former, and 7,483 of the latter, against 12,003 of both kinds in 1854, and 6,451 in 1853. A brisk demand has existed for these hides, and they in common with other raw goods have advanced in price, present quotations being lid to 2d per lb higher than at the commencement of last year. Present stock only 81 west coast (in London) and•no West India, against 2,211 i❑ 1854. BRAZIL Hthis—we have received a large supply of these hides during the past year, the total imports being 98,849, against 63,815 in 1854, 66,311 in 1853, 38,462 in 1852, and 21,244 in 1851. The demand has been good, and prices have advanced with little intermission during the whole year, to-day's quotations being about 15 on wet salted, and 2d per lb on dry salted, over those at this time twelve months back. Of the quantity imported, by far the greater portion have been sold for export, but our home tanners have lately taken them to a fair extent. Stock on hand 7,390, against 5,240 in 1854, and 6,580 in 1853. EAST INDIA Kr - Ps—lmport 2,373,957, against 2,339,371 in 1854, 2,135,524 in 1853, and 1,666,000 in 1852. The imports into this market have been on a very limited scale, and principally of common descriptions. The demand has ruled dull up to within the last two months, when more inquiry sprung up and prices advanced, present rates being higher by about Id per lb over those of this time last year. Present stock "in this market 30,000, and in London 323,193, total 353,193, against 347,297 in 1854, 389,000 in 1853, and 426,000 in 1852. HORSE HlDES.—lmports 180,294, against 321,406, in 1854, 358,052 in 1853, and 121,255 in 1852. At the early part of the year, the demand was exceedingly languid, and prices continued to rule very low during the summer months ; there has latterly, however, been more inquiry, principally for export, and the market has been left hare of stock; our present quotations are 2s to 2s 6d per hide higher than at this period last year. The stock in this market is 5,217, and in London 22,648; total 27,865, against 93,855 in 1854, 69,021 in 1853, 9,940 in 1852, and 61,004 in 1851. Oak BARK.—lmport, into this market 4,500 tons, against 3150 in 1854, 4,680 in 1853, and 4,500 in 1852. The demand has been pretty constant during the year , and prices were somewhat higher, but during the lasttw i n o a rmonthsket closes se the s arrivals have been more extensi ve, and the with little alteration in the quotations of this time last year; our home harvest has been large, and in this dis trict of good quality, from which tanners have supplied themselves freely, at prices rather above those current in 1854. 70 tons cork tree bark have been imported - sold ex ship at 61. 15s. per ton. —VALONIL—Import 4400 tons, against 7600 in 1854, 6675 tons in 1853, and 5750 tons in 1852. The import is small, but, together with the heavy stock remaining on hand at the end of 1854, has been sufficient to supply the wants of the trade. What has been received of the new crop is of excellent quality, and from all we can learn the import for the year is likely to be a full averag3 one. The present stock is estimated at 1758 tons, against 2500 tons at the end of 1854. DIVI Dlv.t.—lmport 2700 tons, against 2767 tons in 1854, 2850 tons in 1853, and 2000 in 1852. The fluctuations in the value of this article have been unimportant, and with the exception of a slight decline in the summer months, when there were some considerable arrivals of inferior quality, prices have been steady, and the quotations are now about the same as at the commencement last year. GAMBIER.—There has been a full average import during the past year, and prices have gradually declined about 4s per cwt. The stocks in this market, as well as in London, are considerable, we believe. FRUIT. (Front the Circular of Messrs. .Houghton and Levy.) CURBANTS.-Our market during the past month has been exceedingly quiet, and prices of all descriptions have had a disposition to give way. The duty paid clear ances, in comparison to former years, show a considerable falling off, being only ]5O tons against 310 tons in Decem ber, 1854, and 230 tons in December, 1 853. This, no doubt, partly arises from the unsatisfactory state of the Colonial market, but perhaps is attributable more directly to the influence of high prices. Holders, of late, have sho wn a greater disposition to meet buyers, but it has not tended to increase business, which for December has been more limited than for many years. The arrivals consist of about 450 tons against 400 tons in December, 1854—the quality in comparison to the early imports is generally inferior, and is at present most difficult of sale. In com paring the stock with former years, it has never been so light, and the dealers generally being bare, should an arise, the market would soon assume a leman, on its being Petersburg by Russian invitation. t is reported here, by way of Trieste and Vienna, aat the defence of Erzeroum is to be entrusted to small Pacha (the hero of Silistria). Mouklis 'acha, the son of Prince Stourdza, is to take away part of Omar Pacha's force to the defence of goes to St Erzeroum. of Omar Pe is Pacha was a great opponent mpaign in Imerit and every the Tatter's disg race iz decided espondent says he has reason to gm.ding to his instructions, Count 3terhazy may wait eight days, that is to say, itil the 4th of January, for Count Nesselrode's kfter that date, should the answer not ned, Count Esterhazy will send to nave been, t Nes Irode a note reminding him of his communication of December 27, and urging him to make known his intentions of the Emperor Alexander. He will give the Russian minister a further space of ten days. This second period will expire on the 15th January. Should the Russian government maintain its silence, Count Esterhazy will at once leave St. Petersburg and return to Vienna, with all the members of the Austrian .Legation. Nothing gives reason to believe that Russia abandons the ground upon which she has hitherto persisted in taking her stand ; we are assured that she would rather incur the risks of a third cam paign. SARDINIA Letters from Turin of the 2nd inst. announce the arrival of General Alphonse dela Ararmora in that capital on the Ist. The Government had placed a special train at his disposal, but the General refused to accept it. Madame dela Marmora went to Genoa to meet her husband. The Ministers and a great number Deputies assembled at the station to welcome the Corn mander-in-Chief of the Sardinian army in the Crimea. General dela Marmora was only to remain a couple of days in Turin, to receive instruc tions from his Government, being summoned to Paris to assist at the council of war, which is to be held in the French capital. In consequence of the necessity of his immediate departure the banquet which was to have been offered him by the Deputies is postponed until his return. SPAIN, Our advices from Madrid are to the 3rd instant. From them we learn that the Cortes have adopted the budgets of the Presidency of the Council, of Foreign Affairs, and of the Colonies. Marshal O'Donnell, who was rather worse, is again better. The Madrid journals of the 30th ult. have arrived. It was stated a few days ago that one of the insur gent chiefs, Tristany, had fled into France ; the Gazette contains a despatch from the Captain- General of Catalonia, announcing that on the 22nd ult. a detachment of the civil guard fell in with a band of fourteen insurgents, headed by the three brothers Tristany, at Alferachs, in Lerida, and killed four and captured six of them. These six, says the despatch, were to be shot. It was after this affair that one of the brothers Tristany had effected his escape across the Spanish frontier. The Gazette adds that another Tristany, Antonio, __:ed in an affair at Pino some days before. the new surveys of the railway from Seville to Cadiz had been terminated. The journals contain no political news of interest. was kill NAPLES, We extract, from a letter dated Naples, Dec. 29. the following :--Every day has its wonder, and that of to day is, that M. Brenier has wrought a miracle upon the Royal -mind, and disposed it favourably to the Allies. Such is the report stated . • • _ _ )ns, and by people who It is added that the feet to be well informed will sen .t a contingent to the Crimea, and, lastly, it is asserted that the Emperor of Austria is *visit to this Court, and that a long is in prospect. wrought on the subject contemplati es of splendid fête, ) highly M. B rother's sion ' that I do not wo n d er a t anything that is said o f the results, and as to the contingent, the report of such a measure appears to m e to flow very naturally from the large levy of troops. It is an evident effort to explain a diffi culty. With respect to the visit of the Emperor Austria I know nothing, but that orders have been given to high Court officers to make preparations for fetes on a scale of great splendour. Of this there can be no doubt. The Court, too, are coming to Naples. Everything seems to indicate that we are on the eve of great events. After having given you reports, and attempts at explanation of the grounds of them, let me now tell you what I have received as certain. That Mons. Brenier has ex pressed himself pleased with his reception by His Majesty, though baffled in his wishes to treat directly with the King. The Royal manner was very gracious. It is stated too that Mons. Brenier has every hope of accomplishing the object of his wishes, whatever they may be. The French Government steamer which brought him is still here, and waits his orders to carry off results, or to seek for further instructions. We are in expec tation, therefore, of a brighter state of things than we have witnessed for some time, at all events on the surface. ANOTHER STORM IN THE BLACK SEA.- REPORTED LOSS OF SIXTY VESSELS. Accounts were posted, on Saturday, at Lloyd's, from Constantinople, of another fearful hurricane having visited the Black Sea, on the 19th of last month ; and it is reported (although we hope that the number of fatal losses will not be confirmed), that fifty or sixty ships foundered during the height of the storm, off the mouth of the Sulina. Lloyd's agent, at Galatz, states that in twenty three instances the vessels went down with all hands, as also fifty-two lighters, which were off the coast at the time. Not a soul belonging to them is supposed to have esna ned. Most of the vessels were laden with corn. "arse ships (one from England, called the Caledoni,) _ aaa Ll tv,uure near Me harbour of Sebastopol, end were wrecked, the crew of the Caledonia perishing in the vessel: The Talavera (English transport ship No. 98 (belonging to Mr. Duncan Dunbar, at Limehouse), is among other vessels, reported to be lost on the east coast of Marmora, and that her Majesty's ship Oberon has {been despatched from Constantinople to the spot to render assistance. A distressing shipwreck was also reported by the agent at Calcutta. An English ship, with 300 emigrants (Coolies), from Singapore, had struck on the south end of the Alguada Reef, on the 24th of last October, and, with the exception of eleven, all had met a watery grave. INTEMPERANCE IN EniNnunctit.--The following state ment of the drunkenness of the city of Edinburgh is taken from the police records. During the year 1855 there were found alone in the streets, so drunk as to be unable to take care of themselves, 2993 males, and 1590 females. Of persons charged with offences, who were drunk when apprehended, there were 2021 males, and 1491 females ; thus making a grand total of 8095—being 4583 males, and 3512 females. proved i n RECENT WILLS. —The - will of Major-general Bucknali Est CENT who died in :the Crimea in June, has been London under 16,0001. Also the wills of Rear- Admiral James Provost, and Stephen Kenmant Chapman, Rear captain and brevet-major, 20th Regt., Sebastopol, 3,000/. ; Alexander Lumsdale, commander, R.N., 25,000/. ; Joseph Toplis, auctioneer, 20,0001. ; James Young, M.D., of Wells, Norfolk, 2,000/ • bridge , ironmonger, 35,000/ • Stephen Winkvvorth Silver, ; Thomas Tem le Silver , of Wood • , p of Cornhill and Carshalton, clothier and outfitter, 120,0001. AUSTRALIA. The West India mail steamer Tyne, which arrived at Southampton ;on Friday, has brought three days later news from Sydney, the dates ex tending to the 18th September. The legislative council, or that portion composed of the members of government and their nominees, were accused of devoting the short remainder of their adminis trative career, in voting away the public money, contrary to the wishes of the more popularly elected members. On the sth, a vote to increase the Governor-general's salary 2,0001. per annum, was carried by a majority of 22 to 9 ; a vote of 2001. for the completion of the garrison garden and cr; et ground was lost by a vote of 15 elective members against 13, consisting of seven salaried government officers, five government nomini , is, and one elective member; and another vote of 6301. was carried by 15 government, against 14 elective, memb( On the 11th the report of the select committee steam postal communication was adopted by he leg report says ncil after some discussion After careful investigation, and after having all the best evidence it was possible for them to procure, the select committeelhad arrived at the opinion, first, that the route which will afford the most immediate, the most certain, and the cheapest mode of communication by steam between Sydney nd Great Britain is that by way of Singapore ; secondly, that the most rapid communica tion with Great Britain would be afforded by the estab lishment Of a line of steamers by way of Panama, and that, if that line could be opened—in addition to the line by way of Singapore—the greatest amount of advantage possible to be derived from steam communication with Europe would be achieved. The committee recommended under all the circumstances that the principle of the bill, which should be brought under the consideration of the council, should be to authorise the Colonial government to enter into a contract for a monthly line of postal steamers between Sydney and Singapore only—and that for this purpose a sum of 25,0001 per annum for five years certain should be placed at the disposal of the executive govern ment to meet the expenses of such a contract. In speaking on the question, the Postmaster- General Sr id— It had lately come to his knowledge, forinstance, that some were favourable to an arrangement, by which the line of communication would be from Panama to Sydney, and from Singapore and Lake Leeuwin to Melbourne. He felt bound to state to the house that, if it were found necessary or advisable to adopt that arrangement to which he had before referred--namely, a line between Panama and Sydney, and between Singapore via Cape Leeuwin and Melbourne—another bill would be necessary. The tariff of the colony has been again raised. The following figures will show the duties fixed by the tariff of 1852, together with the alterations made last year, and the further alterations by the vote of the 12th : IR esolu- Tariff ofliket of last tionsel -1852. Session. ried Sept. 12. different appearancE ALMOND.—The arrivals of Valencias yes against 12 at the sam e d a t e l ast season, previous one. The business has only been fly on account of the unsatisfactory quality of Smyrna.—The supply of red has only been :ed, and has been all sold at 45s to 49s for 13 Iacks—being without the arrivals of new, the have been confined to the better descrip. . old, which have commanded 315.t0 325. Sultanas save come in freely, and there is but very little demand, dealers having imports of their own still on hand. Mus catelles.—Fine qualities are scarce. an d command high rates ; the quantity hitherto has only been very light. The duty paid clearances exhibit an increase on the same month in 1854, being 360 tons against 334 tons. Al mon d s . —Jordan move but slowly, and prices generally are lower. FIGS AND PRUNES.—The supply of T ur k ey F i gs has not been excessive, but the principal being of low quality, has been quite equal to the demand. Sales, h owever, are being made at our quo tat i ons. Prunes are held a t 2 8s to 30s, but very little doing. 0" • - very lim transaction tions of LEmoNp, &c.—The ar: lave been very Large, say 21 ca _lvals of the former raoes of Azores fruit, and ,gainst 17 cargoes 14,000 packag and 19,000 packages the same month in 18:'x1 of other descriptic rices up to Chr i stmas, were maintained, but our market , , A fall has taken' place of 3s to 4; per box on Azores, and 2s on Lisbon fruit. Lemons: The sup ply is in excess of last year by about 600 packages, but prices remain stationary. Apples of good quality, which are scarce, command fair prices. :in ovE NUTS.—Barcelonas being in only limited demand, are rather lower; the-arrivals reach :1800 bags. Black Spanish are but little inquired for. Brazil nuts.—The late arrivals have been taken for the London market, and the stock not being excessive, holders are disposed to look for higher rates. Chesnuts.—ln consequence of the prohibition of the export of this article from France, our supply has been drawn from Spain and Portugal, and being only limited at the commencement of the month, a cargo of the former realised 18s 6d to 193 per cwt., but late imports being very inferior quality, prices have given way. TRADE REPORT.-SAT URDAY, 4. COTTON : There hex been a very fair demand for Cotton to-day, from both the trade and exporters, but holders offer so liberally that the market has ruled dull, and yesterday's prim are with difficulty maintained. The sales, including 40 Pernambuco, *to 61d, 200 Bahia, 5-id to 61d, 40 Maranham, 6d, 400 Egyptian, 6d to Sid, 1000 Surat, 31d to 42d, are reported 7000 bales, of which 1000 are on spe culation and for export. Pia IRON : Our market for Warrants closes at 74s to 74s 6d cash. Prices nominal, and no open business reported. A RGOLS : Nothing done. A STIES : Retail sales of Ist Mont. Pots at 39s 6d, AN - Nerro steady at previous rates. BRIMSTONE : lsts, 7s 6d; 2nds, 5s ; 3rds, :£5 2i FARINA :• More business doing at the low rates, and the imports of Irish continuing. LARD : More doing, but the business is secreted. LINSEED : The better demand goes on at £42 to £4251. LOGWOOD : On account of the decline in Campeachy, al other descriptions are easier. Campeachy £7 165 to 171 Gd (short cut sold at the former figure) ; Honduras, 48 155; St. Domingo and Jamaica, £6 105 to 46 125 6d. NITRATE or SODA remains inactive, although it now offer at 17s 6d for 6 and 8 refractions. PATM OIL: Under £47, it is said, would be accepted for quantity. TALLOW : Prices are, on the spot, 688 ; January and March, 683 ; February and March, 683; October and November, 60s to 61s. Deliveries, 754 casks. SPIRITS OF TURPENTINE : French 353, American, 365. Nothing doing Rosi No sales. SHIIMAC: Retailed at Ile 9d to 12s. OF LEAD is rather better, and 333 asked fir brown 44 10s. White, TARTARS AND TARTARIC ACID more enquired after, but no transactions have taken place. TAR : American 19s, with retail sales. ROMAN VITRIOL : A few casks sold at 37s 6d. SODA Asx is steady, at 2 3-16 d, with an average SAFFLOWER : The advance is well supported. The stock is reduced to about 100 bales only. business, prominent circular gives the quotations a criterion of the market at present, we follow with the reliable prices of the day, which are—viz., Galipoli and Neapolitan, £53 to £53 10s, and no buyers ; Taranto, £53 ; Seville and Malaga (to effect sales) £5l ; 35 tons of Portugal sold at £5O, a portion of it resold at £5l ; Sicily, £5l 12s 6d ; Barbary, £5O, or less. How parties can quote Galipoli and Neapolitan, £53 IN to £55 10s, and Portugal, £5l lOs to £52, knowing the above to be the real state of the case, is a matter of surprise. The same authority assures us, that if we had peace, the direct Russian trade would release us of large supplies; no,t reminding us, meanwhile, that not having peace, it is coming here in such overwhelming quantities. The imports in 18.55 were 23,990 tuns, against 10,675 tuns in 1854, and 9,720 tuns in 1863. OLIVE On NOTTINGHAM.—Mr. J. F. Saville, the proprietor and manager of the Nottingham theatre, died suddenly on Monday last. RE PRE - SENTATION OF THE VEST RIDING.—There is no truth in the statement that Mr. Denison intends to retire at the end of the parliament into private life.—Doncaster Chronicle. Colonel McMurdo has arrived in London from the Crimea, 'and is in an ill state of health, but was well enough on Thursday to have interviews both with Lord Hardinge, Commanding-in-Chief, and Lord Panmure, Secretary of State for War. THE SOUTHAMPTON MURDEIL—The execution of Abra ham Baker, under sentence at Winchester, for the murder of his fellow servant at Southampton, which was fixed to fixed to take place on Saturday, has been postponed until to morrow, when the extreme penalty of the law will be carried out. SHOCKING MURDER IN SLicio.—A shocking murder was perpetrated at Ballinakill, in the county of Sligo, on the 28th ult. The victim was a woman named Mary Spread, who was strangled to death by her husband, only a few days after her being confined. The murderer is fully com mitted on the charge. Tit E LATE QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL.—Ma j or-gen eral Freeth, K.H., who has just vacated the post of Quartermas ter-General in favour of Sir Richard Airey, was presented, on liaving the office, with a superb silver inkstand, as a tribute of the respect and esteem of the gentlemen employed in the civil branch of the department. INCOME-TAX ELECTIVE IN FRANCHISE.-3fai or Reed, Mr. Apsley Pellatt, and Mr. Olivera have determined to apply in the coming session for leave to re-introduce the bill which they brought forward last year, for conferring the elective franchise upon persona, not being aliens, who are assessed with income-tax, but are not upon a register of electors for any part of Great Britain or Ireland. THE LATE CATASTROPHE, JAT KILKEE.--The Nenagh Guardian says :—" We under - stand that the body of Miss Smithwick has been washed ashore at Kilkee, and that this day her afflicted father, accompanied by his son, left Nenagh for the purpose of conveying. home threm remains of th e ill fated young lady for interment in the family burial-ground in this county." The body of Colonel Pepper has not been found. LEGAL PRIMOTION.—It is understood in well-informed circles, that Matthew R, Sausse, Esq., one o f h er M a j esty ' s counsel, and f ormer l y crown prosecutor on the Leinster circuit, has been appointed to a seat on the judicial bench at Bombay. The salary is £6,000 a year. Mr. Sausse is assistant-barrister for the County Wexford, a judicial office which he has filled with very great satisfaction to the suitors of the court and the public.—Satmders's News. Letter. MARRIAGES IN HIGH LIFE. —lt is understood that a matrimonial alliance is arranged, and will shortly take place, between the Lady Emily Curzon, daughter of the Earl Howe, and Lieutenant-colonel Kingscote, of Kingscote park, Gloucestershire. Mr. William Rose, brother of Major-general Sir Hugh Rose, is about to form a matrimo nial alliance with the Hon. Miss Thellnsont,de Grenadier aughterof Lady Rendlesham, and si s te r o f L a dy Walsingham. It i s said that the Hon. Wy n dh am Q u in, late of the Guards, only brother of the Farl of Dunraven, is about to form a matrimonial alliance with Caroline, third daughter of Admiral Sir George Tyler, MX., of Cottsell, Glamorgan shire. Miss Harriet Tyler, eldest daughter of the admiral, will be married at the same time to Mr. E. P. Richards, of Plas Newydd, in the same county. DEATH OF THE MARQUIS OF AILFSBURY, 11. T.—We regret to announce the demise of the Marquis of Ailes bury, w h o e xpired on Th ursday morning, at a quarter past four o'clock, at Tottenbam-park, the family seat, Marlborough, Wilts. Th e marqu i s h a d b een in declininghealth for the last three years, so that the members of his lordship's family were not unprepared for the mournful event. He is succeeded in the family honours by his eldest son, George William Frederick, Earl Bruce, Lieut.-Colonel Commandant of the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry Cavalry, born 20th November, 1804, and married 11th May, 1837, Lady Mary Caroline Her bert, third daughter of the late Earl of Pembroke.