Northern Times. — Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1859-12-28 00:00:00

CORRESPONAENC E. do not hold ourselves responsible for the opinions of one• correspondents.] IMPROVEMENT IN IRON SHIPBUILDING. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN DAILY TIMES. Sift,.-It must be obvious, from the manner •in which 1 iron vessels break up and tumble to pieces when they 1 get ashore, that iron is not the right material for ship building ; for the simple reason—it is - too hard. If this be not so, the vessels themselves must , be faulty in their construction. I know that some persOns assert iron vessels are stronger than wooden ones; but I can prove to the contrary. I admit they are stiffer vessels, but their - stiffness, or apparent strength, roves to a source of weakness when driven ashore; for this reason, from their` rigid stiffness they cannot alter their shear (or shape) without break or fracture, as-wooden vessels can do ; the material of cash being of a totally different nature. Now. as a remedy in thnoonstruction of iron vessels, and to prevent them parting in the manner they so frequently do, I would suggest the following plan • Let the vessels have their frame (onangle iron) between the beams somewhat flattened, and plank their sides with good thick planking, especially amidships, and taking care to have the angle iron (or frame) notched into the plank, and to have the whole bolted together edge ways; and also, to have bolts driven from the outside through the frame (or angle iron). As a protection to the bottom, I would have it planked on the outside from above the, load water-line down to the -keel with hardwood planking of a considerable thickness amidships, the plank being fastened on with screw belts, and well caulked. Of • course the keel, stem, and stempost to be of wood, and also the cutwater ; not •so miich on account of the vessel carrying it, as for the safety of vessels that may happen to be run into. ft is fearful to contemplate —indeed experience shows—what must ensue when an iron vessel, with her thin stem and sharp cutwater, runs into any other vessel. Indeed, judging from appearances, iron vessels seem engines of destruction, both to them selves and those they mar come in contact with, in the present state of their construction.—Trusting you will insert the above in your Conservative paper as sugges tions for humanity's sake, yours, &c., JOHN CARMICHAEL. 56, Heath-street, Toxteth-park. P. 8.—1 witnessed the state of the bottoms of two noble ships, the Bonaveuture and the Ebta Brahe, after being ashore for a length of time, and, so far as I. could judge from appearances, no iron Nesse' could have sus tained the same amount of damage without breaking up, J. C. The amount of property captured at Birwee appears to have been enormous. It is stated that the prize money is so immense that Lord Clyde's share as com mander-in-chief in India will alone amount to £120,000, Bir George Whitlook's share being half of that sum. Captains' shares are estimated at between £3,000 and £l,OOO, and subalterns at a proportionate figure. FIRE AT MILBORNE REFORM I.TORY SCHOOL.—The farm buildings attached to this establishment were wit- fully set on•fire on Thursday evening last by one of the boys named William Jackson, and entirely destroyed. The rapid progress of the flames rendered abortive every attempt to arrest them, and in the short space of one hour the work of destruction was complete. Through the -exertions -of the boys, aided by- a few neighbours who happened to be within reach, the fire was confined - within the limits of the farm premises. • Great praise is • due to these boys, who, without one exception, ;corked hard to the utmost of their power and strength, confining themselves to the posts appointed them by 0.0 master. To this may be attributed - the comparatively, slight injury to the establishment If the fire had extended to the school and dwelling house the consequences would have been irreparable. As.soon as. Mr. Stent became aware of the fire, he mus tered the boys, and found Jackson alone missing. This circumstance, ,in addition to others, caused suspicions ' to fall him, and after his apprehension at Dorchester o the following morning he voluntarily acknowledged tha' he had not only absconded from the school, but also set fire to the premises. Mr. Mansel remanded him to Dorchester for examination on the following day, when he was fully committed for trial on the charge of arson. The premises consumed inelmic t he arm ttAIL: ' pigge ries, and storehouse, eight pigs, and a q uan tity o f straw. They are insured.--ASVisbuty Journal. TWICE MARRIED.—In November, 1850, Mr. Erastns Salisbury, of *Liverpool, Ohio, was married to Miss Helen Pritchard. About a year afterwards he took his departure to California, where he toiled in the mines until a few months ago. The correspondenee between him and his wife was in some way interrupted; but ru mours reached her that he had proved unfaithful, and she therefore procured a divorce. This step was taken after her husband had been abient eight years; but Mrs. Salisbury had been Miss Piitchard again but a few months when her former husband returned. Over- whelmed with surprise at finding himself a bachelor, he took immediate steps to reinstate himself in his former position. The charge against him he proved - to be un true.; and after a courtship in due form, the couple' were again married on the 24th.in.st.—.Boston aurier. The Cairn OP WOMEN.—Witil regard to the " good eause"---the cause of the advancement . of freed om an d knowledge, of the rights of women, &e.—l am not a person o opinions. I have said elsewhere that human beings - differ greatly in thiS; - Smile' have a passion for reforming the world, others do not cling to par ticular opinions. That my parents and Shelley- were of the former class, makes me respect it I respect such when joined . to -real :disinterested n es s toleration, and a clear understanding: .. My accu sers , after such as these, .: appearto me mere drivellers. For myself, I earnestly desire the good and enlightenment ef my fellow-creatures, and see sail, in. the present course ( tending to the same, and rejnicei - ---but I am not fOrituiilerit . extremes; . whieh only bring, cuan injurioacreaction. I have never written a word in disfavour of liberalism. That I have - not openly inp - po - ftedit in Writing arises from the following cause s , so far as . I know :. 2 --That J 'have not argumentative poWers; I see things pretty clearly,' but cannot demon strate them. Besides, I..feel :tho,counter arguments too strongly. Ido not feel that 4 could say aught to sup port the cause' efficiently ; belidee that, on some topics (especially with regard to, my own sex) I' am far from making up ray mind. I - believe we are sent here to educate ourselves, and that self-denial, and disappoint ment, and self-control, are a part of our education ; that it is net by taking away all restraining law that our im provement is to be achieved; and, though many things need great amendment, I can by no means go so far as my friends *Mild have me. Whenickel that I can say - what will benefit my fellow-creatures, il will speak; not before.-e-.ire. SlKlley',3 ticurnal. v SEVERE SNOW STORM—Foi a week -past the whole northern comities - have been enveloped in snow to a Considerable depth;Which has rendered travelling by anrmeans no easy matter, whilst it ;has put 'a Compl e te stop on a ll kinds of out-door labour, and brought in its train no slight amount of ' suffering and, want among an indigent portion of the popula tion. The frost during most of the time has been seaere, but Its intensity on Sabbath :hist has rarely been _ equalled in this latitud,e, the thermoa ii ie ta r standing about Is d egrees balovr freezing point. Daring nearly a week the m a il s h a d b een conveyed on sledges, 'drawn by two horses in tandem fashion, betwixt Thurso and Berriedale, and on horseback across the Osd. Notwithstanding the state of the roads, the mails have been well kept up, never being above half-a-day b e hi nd. The severity of the storm is felt keenly by the smaller class of farmers, who will this season be very ill-off for want of fodder. Business in the :town' has been nearly ' suspended ; country people not gettintin; andr_the trade with itself being otherwise of the most mew e descrip tion this winter, renders -such a stormp 4 e more severely felt among the labeurjug, poi.—, a . ohn o'"Groat i Journal. . ROBBERY OF PLATE AT WAKEFIELD. —Last Sunday afternoon; about four o'clock, Mrs. 'Elizabeth Brook left her residence, Laburnum' Cottage, Rorbury Road, Wakefield, to visit some friends. On her return, an hour or two later, she was unable to open the - front . door, which was fastened on the inside. She sent for a person to force the door, and effected an entrance, when it was found that the back door was wide open, and it is supposed that the thieves were probably making their eseape by the back door while Mrs. Brook.was attempt ing to get heat the front, All the drawers and boxcar in the house had been broken open, and about £l5 worth of silver plate, some jewellery, and a small sum of money, stolen. In anticipation. of leaving home for ' some time, on a visit - to:Javerpool,- Mrs. Brook had, fortunately, the previous day*, sent a chest, containing £5O worth,of plate, to the house of a friend for safety: The police, on going to the horse, foun'd that an catrancelied I:.. 1 cf - t:.:etia.l tiller th - the fMUt .1061., .by means of skeleton keys, :SELECT VESTRY. The 'fortnightly meeting of the Select Vestry was held yesterday forenoon in the board-room, at the Parish offices, Browrilow-hill. The Rev. Rector Campbell presided ; and the other members present were Messrs. Smith, Owen, Scott, Satchel', Turner, Bairstow, Peck, Broome, Denton, Whitty, Luff, and Williams. WORKHOUSE COMMITTEE. The proceedings of this committee, which have already been amply reported in our columns, were read; and, .on the motion of Mr. Owen, they were confirmed. Mr. II'ACGAR called attention to a communication from the Poor-law Board, desiring further information as to the reasons which had induced 'the vestry to sus pend Mr. 'Leather the senior medical officer. The Clerk also read a letter which, under the direction of the Workhouse Committee, he had writtmn to the Poor-law Board, detailing various cases of neglect on the part of Mr. Leather, and urging the reasons which had induced the vestry to pass a resolution to terminate Mr. Leather's engagement. INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS COMMITTEE. The proceedings of this committee were next read ; and, on .the motion of Mr. Bairstow, they were confirmed without any comment. FINANCE COMMITTEE. The minutes of the Finance Committee were then read. They contained no matters of public interest; and, on 'the motion of Mr. Owen, they were confirmed without discussion. CONTRACTS. Theft)flowing contracts were ,accepted by the board : Messrs. 'tall & Sons for butcherS' meat ; Mr. John Phillipslor flour, wheat, and oatmeal, and Mr. Pearson for groceries. There was only one tender made for the supply of drapery goods, and the board resolved to defer its acceptance. The board then adjourned. STEAM HAMMER FOR WOOLWICH ARSENAL. For some time past a steam hammer, intended to be employed in the forging of Armstrong guns in Wool wich Arsenal, has been in course of construction on the works of Messrs. R. Morrison and Co., Ouseburn. The , apparatus, which is on the principle of the well-known patent possessed by the Messrs. Morrison, will be one of immense power. The hammer bar and face weigh four tons, and the cylinder in which this bar works, with its glands, within a few hundredweight of six tons. The cylinder is supported on' two frames, each of nine tons, and each of these again rests on a bed-plate of the same weight. Through these bed-plates projects thp anvil— a mass of wrought iron faced with steel, and embedded in an immense block of cast iron, weighing over 21 tons. The casting of this block, which was of course one of the heaviest operations in connection with the apparatus, was very successfully accomplished on Saturday after noon. About nine o'clock in the morning, 25 tons of metal were pliced in the cupola furnace—one of Wright and Brown's—used in these works for castings. By two o'clock the metal was thoroughly fused, and the necessary arrangements having been completed, about a quarter past two the liquid mass was run into the mould. The casting was pronounced by those who were present to be one of the most successful ever witnessed. The immense block thus formed measures at the base 6 feet 7 inches by 9 feet 2 inches, and is 4 feet 10" inches in height. The anvil proper, as already mentioned, is ietinto the top, and, when placed, the base will rest on two layers of heavy logs, about 14 feet square. The ponderous machine we have just described, and which will soon be sent to its' destination, is by no means the largest that has been fabricated at the Messrs. Morrisops' works, similar ones ; having been formerly sent out with hammers weighing no less than 7 tons. The principle on which the Messrs. Morrison's steam hammer is constructed, seems' to afford great and pe culiar advantages. One of these consists in the placing of the cylinder, which is so bolted between the support Of the frames, that instead of forcing them asunder, it tends, by its pressure, to keep them the more firmly in their places. In .the management of the hammer, again, great perfection has been attained. The most remarkable thing about it is the perfect command in which it is held, so that it can be made to pound with prodigions force a mass of glowing iron, or to crack a nut in the gentlest manner. Mr, Morrison's hammer can be worked with a great diversity of power. The stroke can be given with a force exactly corresponding with thew eight of the hammer; while, on the . one hand, this force can be diminished at pleasure ; or, on the other, greatly increased by the application of the propelling steam above or below the piston. In regard to speed of working also, it possesses capabilities, which seem to adapt it to almost every variety of work, for it can either be made to descend like the heavy sledge " with measured beat and slow," or to deliver from 200 to 300 strokes a minute—a speed, one would think, which can very seldom be required. We are glad to see that tile merits of Messrs,, Morrison's patent. are. acknowledged in high' quarters, and trust that enterprising firm will bring many more Government orders to the banks of the Tyno.- 7 -Northern .Daily Express. (The above-described implement is no doubt one of the most important of its kind to be met with, and considering the purpose of its fabrication, in the present 4ta.to of public feeling, it is probably the most important in the kingdom. When denuded of the adventitious associations which confer on it an unusual interest, its value as a mechanical agent is "diminished :in comparison with others 'of a similar character. In course of the still unexpired year a. steam hammer, : of much - larger dimensions, and correspondingly greater power ' was erected in the extensive works of the Mersey. Steel . and Iron Company, t in ,Toxteth park. The exact dimensions of that vast machine we are not at present prepared•to state; but its superiority in more gigantic proportions, may, to some extent, be guessed at, from the fact. that the cast-iron block for the base of the anvil in the Woolwich hammer is 21 tons ;, that of the Mersey Company weiglo 30 tons 14 cwt., while the rest of the machinery mayb estimated proportionately as to bulk and : relative power. Th e h uge bl oc k, l ast ment i one d , was success fully run at o ne cas ti ng , in Messrs. Fawcett, Preston, and Co.'s Phcenix Foundry, in this town. Important portions of the steam apparatus were made at the North-end Engineering Works ; and the gigantic steam crane, which acts as an assistant limb of this Titanic working tool, was made .by the Mersey Steel and Iron Company, on their own premises, the whole being constructed according to designs from, and under the_ immediate, superin tendance of Mr. Clay, the managing partner of the firm. It was designed for the manufacture of Puddle Steel—the invention, of Mr. Clay—for which purpose it has proved most happily adapted, while it is, found to be not less efficient in the fabricatory processes of the vast foigings manufactured at these extensive works.J—ED. N. B. T. AN ICY BA PTISM.—On Sunct last the _ lay morning the ordinance of • baptism by immersion was administered to a. young lady .of Brampton. The spot chosen for the celebration of this rite.was the mill stream, at the village of Alvescott, about three miles hence ; the officiating =isle* was , a. Mr. Doe, of South Moreton, near Wallingford. A large number of persons were attracted to the stream 10 witness the performance of the cere mony, so very unusual at this inclement period of the year. . A report that such an event was to take place at the loeality in qiiestion was very generally circulated in the neighbourhood, but it was credited but by a few persons, as the weather had become so suddenly severe, and nothing less than ocular demonstration of the fact could remove their incredulity: kthe,previous night the thermometer had fallen so low al.-8 degrees. On the morning of Sunday the ice had to be:brokea and removed so as to permit the immersion to ake placo, and the candidate underwent the ordeal with an ainovu t t of determination, resolution, and zeal but rarely found centred in one individual. We hope the fair lady may be spiritually benefited, and escape physical injury. —Oxford Chronicle. CONJUGAL AFFmertox.—An incident came to our knowledge the other day which 'Teaks s t rong ly i n f avour of the depth and undying charaeter o f coniuga l a ff ec-• tion. A 'married woman in out city laid the mis fortune. to lose her husband a few days since, and while thinking over her• desolate condition; an d the prospect : of a dreary, lonely winter, and .estimating how much of her funds Would be. absorbed in the funeral expenses; of the dear .deceased, she •was interrupted by the call of a young son of Esculapius, who, after some little chaffering proposed to give the lady a good round sum :for the useless body. of .the dead husband: The widow thought upon the proposal, and finally accepted the.offer. A day or two afterwards,. being whited upon • by sonie pf her friends who came to sympathise with her in her affliction, the widow said it was not: so• bad as it might,have been, as she had sold her husband';;,hody, and filled her cellar with wool and coal-bonght the procce,lB,--,2aleiinore .Republican. ' - . . NORTHERN DAILY TIMES. LIVEILPOOL rOLICE COURT.-Y7.STERDAY. • (Before Mr. J. S. • MANSFIELD.) WANTED COMFORTABLE LODGINGS !—Wm. Thomp son, a well-dreseed elderly man, was charged with enter ing a house, No. 23, Upper Canning-street, on the pre vious evening, about half-past nine, and betaking him self to one of the bedrooms, where he proceeded to ensconce himself as comfortably. as possible in bed. Remonstrance proved unavailing to procure his egress. A polite-officer was accordingly called in, who, in spite of his assurances . that he was the master of the house, summarily ejected him, treating him, however, to quar ters in Bridewell as cheap, though perhaps not . so com fortable. The prisoner was fined 6s. and costs. CHARGE OF ASSAULT. Thomas Nickols, check taker at the gallery door of the Park Theatre, was charged by John Dixon with committing an assault upon him, in which be broke his collar 'bone. The statement made by the prosecutor was, that being desirous to go into the gallery, he was stopped by the prisoner, because he could not produce a check, though he had paid on his first entrance into the theatre. A scuffle ensued, in which the prisoner placed his leg behind him, and hurled him down stairs. The fall broke his collar bone. A witness, who was called for the prisoner, stated that the prosecutor was pulling the prisoner by the coat, when a button came off, he lost his balance, and fell down several steps.—The prisoner was discharged. CHARGE AGAINST ANOTHER OFFICER OF THE JOHN BRIGILT.—This ship arrived in the river en Wednesday last from New York, and on Saturday the second matt and boatswain were apprehended on a charge of causing the death of a seaman, by ill-treatment, on the passage. John Towat, the first mate, was brought up to-day on a similar charge. The man, whose name was John Kelly, died yesterday in the Northern Hospital. In consequence of statements made in his dying declara tion, which was taken by the American vice-consul, the prisoner was apprehended. The ease, however, could not be gone into to-day, as a post ogortent examination of the body of the deceased had not taken place. The prisoner was remanded till Saturday, when the second mate and boatswain will also be brought up on remand. CHARGE OF PERJURY.—Patrick Cearns, charged by the Royal Oak Burial Society with perjury and conspi racy, was apprehended, on a warrant granted by Mr. Mansfield, on Saturday last. Mr. Cobb, who appeared for him, applied for bail, to which he was admitted. The other person who personated Thomas Brown has not yet been found. (Before Messrs. RATHBONE and IIeuGHToN.) The cases in this court to-day presented no feature of public interest. A number of working men Who had joined the Fourth Lancashire. Artillery Corps, were brought in, and the oath of allegiance auministered to them by Mr. Rathbone. EARL GREY ON RIFLE VOLUNTEERS. Earl Grey presiding last Friday at the dinnerin cele bration of the enrolment of the Newcastle Volunteers, said he rejoiced in the manner in which the formation of volunteer corps had been taken up, •not only in this town, but throughout the kingdom. (Cheers.) He hoped • that we should be able to reckon on the ser- Nices of 50,000 men, and. he should be glad if it was .even double that number—but, at all events, on the services of 50,000 men, well drilled, and well taught the use of that formidable implement, the rifle, and ready at moment's notice to come forward in the defence of their freedom and of their country. (Applause.) He knew there were some persons who threw cold 'water, at all events, if not abso lute ridicule, upon the present movement in favour of the formation of volunteer eorps. Far be it from him to impute that the Emperor of the French, or the gallant nation which he governed, cherished hostile designs against this country; and he was willing to give credit to all those assurances of friendship towards England which they were told were constantly repeated by that Emperor; but giving all .credit to those assurances, he still said that- within the last few years circumstances had. arisen which made it expedient that this country should increase its means of defence. (Loud applause.) France had always had a larger land army than England. In France, and within a few days' call — in Algeria—she had a land army three or four times as numerous as cur own. Considering, her posi tion as a continental nation, considering the unsettled state of her internal affairs, he did not think we had any right to be surprised at her thinking proper to keep ip so large an army ; but, added to this great superiority of France on land, within the last few years France had been making gigantic efforts to be as strong as ourselves at sea. (Cheers.), More than that, we saw it an nounced in the French newspapers, which possessed almost a semi-official character, that whilst she was in creasing her naval power, she was as a part of that measure, providing a fleet of steam transports of the largest class. (Hear, hear.) She had also lately finished the construction of a magnificent naval station, where these steam transports and a formidable fleet of steamers of the line might be assembled under the protection of almost 'impregnable fortifications, and where there were arrangethents - of the most complete and elaborate character for embarking in' the shortest possible time a very large army. (Applause.) He also knew that within a few years the system of railroads in France had been, if not completed, at all events so nearly completed that, within a very few days; her large and gallant army could be assembled at any one point. We had very recently a striking proof of how great and how sudden an effort France might make ; for, at the very moment when we were told she could not disarm because she never armed, in an incredibly short space of time she was able to assemble beyond the Alps an army of 200,000 or 300,000 men. (Loud applause.) He said that when we saw all these measures, we were bound also to look around for -means of protection. He did not mean to throw any doubt upon the declarations of the Emperor that these measures implied hostility to us ; but when we considered the nature of ,these measures—that they. , were not all of them of a defensive character—he thought it must be admitted that their object was this—namely, that if France should unexpectedly-be engaged in a war - with any Power, she may be able to strike a severe, if not a fatal blow on her antagonist. (Loud cheers.) Now, it was possible we might be that antagonist; and,• it' France was ready to strike, we ought .to be ready to defend. (Prolonged cheering.) We must not owe our safety and security to the forbearance, and to the good feeling of any other nation—(cheers)—under God's providence, we must rely upon ourselves. (Loud cheers.) Among nations,.as among individuals, quarrels might arise very suddenly, and from slight causes. We could not -forget that a very . few, years ago a dispute relating to a missionary in the South Seas had almost involved this country in a war with France; and they could not forget that, owing to a difference of opinion between the • Governments of the two countries on the subject of Turkey and Egypt, we were on the brink of the same calamity. That day twelve mouths all Europe believed that there was no reason to appre hend that its tranquillity would be disturbed ; but on New Year's Day, that ominous speech was 'made which was the first symptom of the gathering of those clouds which soon covered the political hori s acm, and, although a long time afterwards, ended.: -in war. (Applause.) He said, then, that we were bound to stand upon the defensive, and that more was required. now than was. required a few years ago. He was quite aware that' when he was speaking of defence, every Englishman felt that our first and our main reliance ought to be placed upon , our navy. (Applause.) Ile, believed that the British navy was, and long would be, in a state at any time to meet any hostile fleet that might be brought against it ; but in these days of steam it did not appear to him that we could too - confidently reckon on its being impossible that a hostile expedition would elude our navy and be thrown., upon 'our shorep.. He, thought, therefore, it was of great importance that, if possible, we should be prepared for such a contingency. as our haVing to, fight for the defence of our shores. (Applause.) He thought it was of the 'greatest impor- tance that our peace , establishment should not be less than it had heretofore been. But something more was wanted; and he, for one, could not believe that our safety was to be put in • a very large increase , of one permanent peace, est ablishment. He was - persuaded that this country was at this moment infinitely better prepared for any war in. which we might be engaged than if we had, during the last thirty years kept so large a standing army, which would have pre vented that increase of wealth, that advancement in trade and manufactures, which emistitud so great an , element in our present strength. (Loud applause.) It.. seemed to him almost advantageous that a part, at, all eventa, of our means of 'defence ,should consist of volun-• teers. (Applause.) - They were open to none of the ob jealous to which a large increase in the regular army was liable. They cost the nation - nothing, or next to nothiag, and he thought it was important that this should be maintained. It was the self-supporting character of, these corps which _was the great security against theirs degenerating into abuses. They could give no jealousy or uneasiness to other countries, because these volunteer corps could not possibly be used.for offensive purposes. They were established only for defence, and any amount to which they might be raised could give no cause for alarm or suspicion to other powers. Instead of being open to political and social objections, they had. on the contrary, great political and social recommendations. (Applause.) They brought together various ranks of men meeting as comrades and as friends on terms of good fellowship, which tended to knit together the various orders of society—(applause ); and they kept up in the nation, in the safest way, that sort of martial spirit without which no nation could be safe. LORD GROSVENOR NOT EASILY FOOLED.—It appears from the papers that the boys in the sharp town of Sonora imagined that young Lord Grosvenor was green,• and waked him up at his hotel in .order to try him at cards.. He played with them at poker, whist, seven-up, euchre, and other games, they seeking all the time to get him intoxicated ; but it turned out that he beat Ulm fairly with their own weapons, and in the morning he was the only sober man in the. crowd. He is now popular in that locality, and the boys will fight for him.' His early education was attended to.—Saeramento Union. CONFESSION OF THE LEEDS VURDERER.—As a' 'ru mour appears to be current in York and elsewhere that Normington has made a confession, we believe we arc justified in stating that such is the fact. As to the precise nature 'of that confession or statement, which will 'probably not be made public at present, for suffi cient reasons, we are not infortned, but it is understood that he admits striking the' fatal blow, and taking the watch froth the deceased, -tho Ug - he was accompanied by a second man, whose name he does not disclose. That he was the' principal in the niureler•there cotild %j never fOr one ' instant be any douliWbut he ' bas made se •many statements with respect to the seeond • man • as: to deitroy almost all reliance upon his word. For weeks past Mr. English has been in search first of one man And then another against whom Normington's descriptidilppOinted, lint only to find hitnself deceived when heVongratulated himself on `success. As to whether' the second man—for no doubt is now enter- • tained as'to'ftl4iireWildeTftivio 'peilsoiii at the riiiirdef" eier'beftrae4d:Th difficult to foreteT, but no excl., tions will lie:SPared to bring the man'to-ju, - itice if he is in Since' laSt' 'Saturday's 'iiubliCation 'other . applicitions hak , e , Ween. 'made for the re;.vard of -£156; bait v.-6V3.li , ve,:that•nOtJaing.viill' lid done in thepatt6r until •I all of -apprehending: the 'secot.cl inan ar,:s ' • - a•inotitli or two: uegtitin: rest 'with"the ti•• 11 •,, !,• •• : the stiiii ll.bo tribut. :aiongst file prii - teipal*itriCs.3es, riot given to one .arson in particulat—leerle.2lll.,l::tii. SCENE IN CONGRESS. The Washington correspondent of the New York Tribune, in a letter dated 9th December, describes an exciting scene in the House of Representatives Mr. Morris, on' a question of privilege, called atten tion to the charge made by Mr. Kellogg, that Mr. Greeley had had a political interview wii.h Senator Douglas in the litter's parlour ; and also had - read Mr. Greeley's denial. Mr. Kellogg replied that Horace Greeley and Senator Douglas had been put on trial, and •he (Mr. - Kellogg) gave notice that he would hereafter prosecute the issue. Mr. Logan said the charge was made to injure Mr. Douglas—who was the candi date for the presidency on the part of the great North- West—to injure him by associating him with Mr. Greeley. Mr. L. declared that he would never again notice Mr. Kellogg, who, he said, when called upon for proof of his charges, like a spaniel shrank into a corner. At this point Mr. Kellogg-rose from his seat, and, as if with hostile intent, advanced towards- Mr. Logan who put himself into a defensive attitude. Members in the immediate vicinity seized upon both to restrain them, and much excitement prevailed throughout the hall: The clerk called loudly for order, and Messrs. K.'and L. being widely separated, Mr. Logan continued his remarks, announcing that he was perfectly cool. Mr. Morris called for the Sergeant-at-Arms, bat girder was, after a while, restored. Mr. Taylor took the floor and pro ceeded to say that it was time these irritating discus sions ceased, and that the representatives of the people should proceed to an election quietly and decently. They should have some competent person to preserve order. After some 'cross-firing relative to applause and hisses in• the galleries' and' on - the floor, Mr. Logan pronounced Mr. Kellogg's charge false in every respect. Mr. M'Clernand produced a letter from Mr. Douglas, branding the charge as false. Mr. Logan again took the floor, reprobating the action of the Republican party in Illinois. Then followed a series of eitieStions and replies between -Messrs. Ilaskin and Leg-an, *hen Mi. Stanton obtained the floor, saying that he would yield it if the House desired to proceed to the election of a Speaker, provided he could have' the flour 'again. I This was agreed to, and a vote was taken, standing : For Mr. Sherman, 110; Mr. Bocock, 88; Mr. Gilmer, 20; scattering, 13." Attempts were made by Mr. Hick man to move the plurality rule, but they were declared out of order, and the House adjourned. GENTLEMEN FARMER THIEVES.--At the Rochdale ,1 Police-court, on Friday, Henry and John Lumb, and Joseph and Henry Standevan, of Dean, near Hadders field, were, charged with committing- a robbery at the: mill of Messrs. J., and R. Ashworth, of Belfield, near Rochdale, and stealing £2O worth of. flannel between the 19th and 20th of November last. • The mill was. entered by means of skeleton keys. About the 24th Of; Neyember the Standevans offered the flannel pieces for sale to the Lambs, who agreed to buy some of the pieces,: and then took them to Huddersfield, and sold some of them. The Standevans, who live on farms belonging: to themselves, wore•the real thieves. A second charge was preferred. againtt the Standevans of having stolen ome iron chisels; but this 'was not sustained. In the house of the , Standevans were found upwards of 100 keys for different sized hang locks, and about a dozen for doors. • In the shippon about 'as many again were found, The magistrates decided to. commit the Stande vans- for stealing the flannel. THE LONDON PANTOMIMES.—The grand Christmas annual at , Drury-lane Theatre is by Mr. E. L. Blan chard, and is entitled "Jack and the Beanstalk, or Har lequin Leap Year, and the Merry Pranks of the Good Little People." " Puss in Boots" is the subject of the pantomime at the Royal English' Opera, and is written by - Mr. J. V. Bridgeman. • At the Hay market, Mr. Buckstone brings out " Valentine's Day," while Mr. F. Talfourd supplies the Lyceum with " King Thrushbeard, the Little Pet, and the Great Passion, or Harlequin Flafiz and the Fairy Good Humour." The extravaganza at the Olympic is founded upon Mr. Sheridan Knowles's treatment of the subject of - " Alfred the Great ;" and for the Adelphi, Mr. J. H. Byron has written an extravaganza entitled "The Nymph of.the Lurleyberg, or the Knight of the Naiades." Mr. Byron also furnishes "Jack the Giant Killer'? for the Princess's;" and Mr. Talfourd " Tell, and the.Strike_of the Cantons" 'for the Strand. "Hans, and and the Golden Goose'' is the subject of the Sadler's Welk pantomime; "Harlequin Tom Moody, the Whipper-in," -that of the annual at - Astley's. . • A COACH PORTER'S . Ciranrry.-.-On Wednesday last the first distribution of James King's Charity, at St. James's, Gloucester, took place, and we consider it will interest our readers to have a short sketch of the donor. Some forty years ago Janne King *as coach porter at the Bell Hotel, in this city. He had to struggle with many difficulties in early life, but by industry had surmounted them. We need scarcely say that in days when coaches were in their glory the coach porter could not be forgotten by the passengers. From a state of dependence, therefore, James Mi l& as coach porter,. passed into one of abundance, and being of careful, steady habits, he began to lay by money. At length he had saved enough to support himself in plenty and assist those who had befriended him. This, gave him real pleasure. During many years previous to his death, which took place in 1855, he liberally sup ported charitable , institutions, and' iiishing . to perpetuate his work of beneficence, he closed his dated April 28, 1853, - with this direction And as to all the residue and remainder of the monies to arise from my said real and personal estate and effects; I direct that the' "sane shall be paid to- the minister and chnrchwarderis for the time being ofthe district of St: James's, near-the city, but i n the co un ty of Gloucester,' and to be them hiviated in the :government fundS, and .held upon the trust h•zfrei'n after mentioned (that is to say) upon trust, time to time, oa St. Thomas's day, every year, for ma-, to pay and diyicla the interest and dividends thereof unto anil between thirty of the . pOin'est inhabitants of tha- Kt ida district of St. Jam es who Till not theretotO . ;a: have in seteipt of ipardehial relief, and not coifvleted of • auY erime."-61ovcater Jouyna4 , • ' • " •• • •I• EMIGRATION. A paper has been published, giving copies or extracts of despatches relative to emigration to the North Ameri can colonies .(in continuation of Parliamentary Paper No. 165, of Session 1858), ordered by the House of Commons to be printed, on the motion of Mr. Chichester Fortescue, M.P. It hence appears that the total num ber of emigrants landed at Quebec daring the year 1868 was 12,810 (4,442 male adults). The emigrants were conveyed in 154 ships, of 101,737 tons, and navigated by 4,211 seamen. There were 1,696 cabin, and 11,114 steerage passengers. The emigrants included 6,441 English (cabin and steerage), 1,153 Irish, 1,424 Scotch, 922 Germans, and 2,656 Norwegians. The emigration of 1858 exhibits the large decrease of 19,287 souls. The average per annum from 1829 till now has been about 30,500 ; the aggregate number during that period is 913,815 souls. The return gives the number of per sons who have been aided in their emigration to this country by private individuals, charitable institutions, or under the sanction of the Poor-law Commissioners. The total number assisted was 353-44 male adults, 246 females, and 63 children ; and -the amount paid among them on arrival here was £286 17s. sterling. The number sent out from England was 118 persons; 49 of whom, 24 boys and 25 girls, were sent out by the London Reformatory Schools; and 15 men, 20 women, and 24 children were sent out by the parishes. From Ireland there were 232 persons—viz., 2 males, 201 females, and 29 children from the Poor Law Unions, and a further party of 22 adult females were sent out by the Rev. Mr. Roach, of Wexford. The single females have been all readily disposed of, chiefly in Western Canada, in the Ottawa district, where their services are eagerly sought for by the farmers. Among the party sent out from the Gorey Union were several widows, accompanied by their children, whom it was found ex tremely difficult to find places for. Few persons are dis posed to engage the services of women so "encumbered." It is desirable that the attention of all poor-law com missioners should be drawn to this fact, so as to check in some degree the emigration of this class, whom it cannot be an object to transfer to Canada, where no public pro vision whatever exists for their support. The condition of such p6rsons is very far from being improved by emigration, and in most cases great distress accom panies the unfortunate family wherever they may be ultimately placed in that country. In the course of the season complaints were made in two cases of infringement of the Passengers' Act, and in both it was found necessary to institute legal proceedings. The first was against the master of the James Jar dine, from Liverpool, for a short issue of provisions. The second was against the master of the Charlotte A. Stamber, likewise from Liverpool. In the first case the master was fined ; in the second the dispute was compro mised. The Provincial Passengers Act, which com menced on the Ist of January last, will greatly protect the emigrants on arrival. The total expenditure of the emigration department was 532,659. Taking all the arrivals in Canada, including those yid the United States, it would appear that out of a total number of 38,014 immigrants, 12,339 remained in Canada, of whom nearly . all settled in West Canada. The falling off in the emigration of 1858 is not assignable to any local cause, but rather to the condition and prospects of the classes who emigrate in their respective countries in Europe. Emigrants are advised by no means to engage "through" passages to the. Far West, at least not without the strictest inquiry beforehand. As usual, it is hinted that strong active men, habituated to agricultural pur suits, are most wanted in Canada. Good female ser vants will find places readily if not " encumbered" with families of children, which is a fatal objection.. Skilled artisans and mechanics are not advised to go out. Farmers with capital will always do well in Canada. It appears that about one-third, of the emigrants to Canada proceed. to Quebec, and two-thirds enter the province' by the suspension-bridge at the falls of the Niagara.- The persons most de trop in Canada are widow women burdened with families of children, and it is earnestly requested by the authorities that they may not be sent out _under any circumstances. THE Corral , ' SUPPLY.—The expectation that N egro land Africa will be able to fill up the anticipated va- • cuum of supply is a vain hope, originating in ignorance of-the character and habits of the native races, and it will end in disappointment and vexation. The capa bilities of British India are great, and the elements of success are there ; but the capabilities of China are vastly greater, and, I believe, that as in two or three years China was able to send raw silk to the value of £10,000,000 into the market, and immediately to 'nuke up for the absence of the Euro pean supply, so to China we may hereafter look for a boundless supply of raw cotton ; she now clothes more than 350,000,000 of her people from her own cotton fields. 'The prices in China are so nearly on a level with those of India, that, though they allow an impor tation to the yearly value of £2,000,000 or £3,000,000 sterling in the southern. - provinces of China, importa tions into the northern are scarcely known. - The quality, the modes of the cultivation, of cleaning, of packing, are all susceptible of great improvements ; their interests will make the Chinese teachable, acd the Yang-tse- Kiang may be the channel for the solution of the cotton difficulty.—Sir John Boivring. THE LATE FIRE AT CoilexuAams.—A letter from COPenhagen,- of the 19th, gives the following details of the fire at the Palace of, Fredcricksborg :—" The fire first commenced' in the chimney of the billiard room, and first showed itself about two o'clock in the morning by a strong eruption of smoke. Awakened by the smell, one of the aides-de camp, who slept in a room over, went and informed the King. His Majesty . would not at first believe in the existence of any serious danger, but in an . hour after, the fire, which had been making its way , among the woodwork of the old edifice, burst out with frightful fury. - The King wenfdowninto the courtyard and directed in person all the operations; while repeated des patches were sent off for assistance frum Copenhagen. From tlie'distance, hbwever; of the Palace 1 .- rem - the capital, neatly five miles, all hopes of sasifig, the building had vanished before any aid could arrive: To add to the diflicidties - the lake on which the palace is situated was frozen over, and much time was lost before it could be broken, and the pipe of the engine had not been at work many minutes before that also burst. The large carved door of the chapel, the silver altar-piece, and the pulpit were saved ; but the greater portion of the pictures and the euperbOollection of :antiquities, which have taken 25 years to collect; haveteeti destroyed. Four persons were killed by the fallin g in of the chapel, and,several others seriously injured. The King remained to the last on the scene of destruction, and in the,evening went to Copenhagen. The civil and mili tary authorities waited on his Majesty at the Palace of Christiansborg to express their condolence on the catas trophe. The diploinatic body also deputed:one of their members to wait on his Majesty for the same purpose: The King has ordered the conservators of the museums of Copenhagen to proceed to the scene of disaster in order to collect any objects of value which may have escaped the flames." THE AMERICAN POSTMASTER-GENERAL.—A recent letter from Mr. Joseph Holt, Postmaster-General of the United States, conveys a decision of a question as interesting as it is novel. A husband who had been separated from his wife demanded that his village post master should deliver her letters to him, and threatened a suit at law if his demand was not- complied with. The wife, on the .other hand, forbade: the delivery of her letters to the husband. In these circumstances, the postmaster appealed to Mr. Kelt for instruction. That gentleman pronounces the claim advanced by the husband too preposterous to be seriously refuted— indeed, he . says it is abhorrent to law as it is to the Christian civilisation of the age. Mr. Holt's letter says :—lt has long since been adjudged both in England and Scotland, that even after letters have reached the possession of those to whom they are directed, their writer has still.such a property in them as will enable him to maintain an injunction to prevent their publication. ,e/ fortiori does this interest exist when the letters, like those under consideration, are in tratikitu." This principle seems to be declared in the Act'' of Congress, whio requires that all non-delivered letters, containing valuable ohall, with their contents, be returned to the wrfffrs, whose proprietorship in them could scarcely thereafter be controverted. The Depart ment, both in the transportation and delivery of letters, was as the • agent of their writers, from whose warrant Of attorney, as found in the superscrip g ti c o o n as il a pi : them, neither the counsel or the 4ommand- of the hus--: band, nor of any 'body 'else—under such eircumisotane.eg-• as are-h ere- presented—will jaififyi a 4 dePartu re * h T a h:i tii h t) n s sb ain an e d pr in op ' e t r h4si i ca n ie th s 6 ee t ni ho s u t g o ht iN s of his house•:, of hi 4 Wife--thOugh - no longer a member' chattels'. - Ti view' marital power 'night weld find hold--- . tuid of her frierids'—that he has in cr place the code of the Grand Turk, and I‘' ol . l lol poa, a a v n e d s:n s p y p th o li qo a l j l o i e e s sibly he sT.lnitted to in his: harem; bat it is,rtylirant . to the teaching orAnierican jurispraez:;e. , Wednesday, December 28, 1859. PERIODICAL RETURN OFDELUGES. We have had occasion to peruse a remarkable work just published, entitled, " Commits et Revolutions de l'Atmosphere et de la Mer," by Lieutenant Julien, a dis tinguished officer in the French navy. The greater part of the book is devoted' to a general description of Lieutenant Maury's splendid theory of currents and - winds, by which he explains the recurrence of storing .and other meteorological phenomena; but what has' chiefly attracted our attention is a new theory on the inevitable peirodical return of a cataclysm similar to that known under the name of the universal deluge, a sub ject which the author • treats with singular lucidity,. and of - which we will endeavour -to give an outline. The author starts from certain facts, some of which are generally known—viz., 1, that the isothermal lines (lines where the same degree of warmth is observed on our globe) of the highest temperature are unequally distributed bet Ween northern and southern hemispheres,- the space they occupy in the former being about the double of that which they occupy south of the equator, so that the southern hemisphere is considerably colder, especially towards the . pole, than the northern one ; 2,- that the accumulation of ice at the antarctic pole is much , more considerable than at the northern ; 3, that the earth. performs the shortest portion of its revolution—viz., that nearest to the perihelion, much more rapidly than the other, and at that period of the year which com prises the autumn and winter of the northern hemis phere. 'Hence it follows that the winter of the latter is shorter (by about eight days) than that of the southern hemisphere ; aad it is during this long winter, when the earth is farthest from. the sun, that the solar rays must lose in strength what they gain in duration. To this cause of diminution of temperature must be added the loss of caloric by radiation, and it will then be easy to perceive the reason of the difference of tem perature between the two hemispheres. Observation, moreover, has shown that the quantity of caloric lost at the south pole in the course of a year is equal to the surplus absorbed' at the north pole. Novi let us, with the author, mentally represent to our selves the earth at the moment of its creation, when' its .whole surface was covered with water, and its centre of gravity coincided with its geometr ical centre. From that moment its revolution around the Ella commenced, and all those causes which have led to the inequality of teMperature between the two hemi sheres began to operate. In the course cf a few cen turies the ice at the south pole became in consequence heavier than thai accumulated at the north pole, and the centre of gravity was displaced southwards ; mathema ticians, in fact, state the distance between the latter and the geometrical centre to be about 1700 metres. Under these circumstances what could the liquid surface of the globe do but flow southward, leaving all the continent . we are so familiar with, uncovered ? Here M. Julien observes that all the regions of the southern hemisphere bear unmistakeable marks of submersion; that America, Africa,. and India end in points all turned to wards the south pole ; that the islands of the southern regions have the appearance of the summits of mountain ranges, and that - Lieutenant Maury's sound ings show that- the coasts on that side all descend abruptly into the sea. He further states the curious fact that in going from thenorth to the south pole at every parallel the ratio of the extent of land to that of the sea diminishes regularly and progressively. Let us no w take into cons ideration the phenomenon called - the precession of the equinoxes, in virtue of which the first point of Aries recedes upon the ecliptic by about 50 seconds in a year. This gradually causes a complete chang e -.in the seasons; and, counting' Pram any given time, there must elapse at lea.-t 21,900 before the seasons can return atprecisely the same periods of the year. It haS been ascertained that up to the year 1248 of the Christian era—a year in which the first day of winter precisely coincided with the earth's passage through its perihelion—the temperature of the southern hemisphere had been in constant course of dimi nution, It is, moreover, clear that after the lapse of 10,500 years the seasons on our globe must be exactly reversed. Hence, about 10,500 years before the year 1248, or 11,000 years before our present time, it was the north pole, and net its opposite. one, which was in its maximum of refrigation • our present continents were then submerged, according to the Mosaic tradition or the Deluge, and there were continents unknown to US in the southern hemisphere. And again, by the same astronomical and natural laws, 10,500 years after the last cataclysm, a new one will occur, which will again submerge the northern hemisphere, and allow a new world to emerge frrm the ocean in the southern one Such ie the theory of M. Julien.—Galignani. The Globe understands that the War Office Committee appointed to consider the question of an uniform for the volunteer corps throughout the country, have recommended that the tunic should be of a brownish' grey colour, and that the colour of the facings and the'. shape and colour of the nether garments should be left; to the taste of the several corps. SUDDEN DEATH.—On Saturday afternoon, as a train , was about to start from Birmingham for Derby, the. attention of the officials was directed to a man sitting in one of the carriages, and apparently in a very ex' hausted state. He was removed to the waiting zoom: and from thence to the General Hospital, but when he reached .that institution it was found that he was dead. The deceased, who has not been identified, was a work ingl 1 oh L t n man,o ea r D m and had in,his possession a . railway pass to UNDONALD'S YOUTH.—My destination was originally the only, whether accordant with my taste or not ; for my father was not one of those who consi dered it necessary to consult the inclinations of his children in the choice of a profession, but rather how he could best bring family influence to bear upon their future interests. Unfortunately for his passive-obedienc e theory my penchant was for the sea. Any hint, however, to this effect was peremptorily silenced by parental authority, against which it was useless to contend. 2,1 ,1 uncle, the Hoh. Captain, afterwards Admiral, ir Alexander Cochrane, had the sagacity to perceiv . e that as . inclination became more rooted with 11, growth, passive obedience on this point one day come to an end. Still further, he was L ai enough to provide against such contingency sho ald it arise. Unknown to my father, he had entered nIY name on the books of various vessels under his com mand ; so that, nominally, I had formed part of the coin' plement of the Vesuvius, Carolina, La Sophie, and. Hine ; the object—common in those days --being t ) give me a few years' standing in the service, should it become. my profession in reality. Having, however, relative in the' army who possessed influence at the Horse Guards, a military commission was also pr o ' cured for me; so that I had simultaneously the howl of being an officer in his Majesty's 104th Reg imen and a nominal seaman on board my uncle's h, 1 12; By way of initiation into the mysteries of ' o f military profession, I- vas placed under the tuition an old serjeant, whose :first lessons well with his instructions not to pay attention to nil foibles. My hair, cherished with boyish pride, was tor o , mally cut, and plastered back with a vile compositionn candle-grease and flour, to which was added the tort7l incident to the cultivation of an incipient queue• vo l neck, from childhood open to the lowland breez, ,) encased in an inflexible leathern collar, or stock, selecteau: according to my preceptor's notions of military' E i re- tit o priety ; these almost verging on strangulation- 2 t,..T ior _ semi-military tunic, with red collar and cuffs, inarA lete of the Windsor uniform, was provided, and, to c ° , lll ; rt ai. the tout ensemble, my father, who was a determined partisan, insisted on my wearing yellow waistcoba.tc.flPi. breeches ; yellow being the Whig colour, of w was admonished never to be ashamed. A more c mode of canine. into action the dormant obstinacyol a sensitive high-spirited lad could not have been tu n vised than that of converting him into a carica hateful to himself and ridiculous to others. As aura accorded be imagined, my costume was calculated to nt! the Duke ' of Northumberland's palace, at Charinip cross, I was beset by a troop of_ ragged b o y s, evlec c_ attention, beyond e on m d ore my so years. from being ac u c panicd n ae u om bent on amusing themselves at the expense of nly, so nal appearance, and, in their peculiar slang, induLgi coTipi°.. i n c omments- thereon far more critical than f'tota. mentary. Staing to.the quick, I made my eseap e ra , them, and rushing, home, begged my father to let to sea with my uncle, in order ,to save me fr° e T che s... ,degradation of floured head, pigtail, and yellow br o e, , to , This' burst of despair aroused the indignation.- c parent: and the Whig, and 'the reply was a scan e motstranc e Avaa uieless.; but .111 Y dislike to ;v tiv Y i r d ,s; nilitary became confirmed ;- and the events a ofil ( -1. Ainly,cost his •Majesty's 104th..reginient r_,,vict, ~witlastanding that _my military) training.. p 1 1 redoubled severity.—" The. Autobier • kt'tlic Ear? of Dtuzetana4l, sT reql, Aqw - Whic geroi any their atm The E PER; ARAI 4k!:; eAN.I T 1 RURC 4 PRI, AMEI %AN A xc I %IIS AXE} ASIA . 'eANA ARAB The ! 'wiled uou" PaE.4, ~ese The 6, ' 5l Sec ( Pau, ' r oof ". mot H. 4 eir p, tt4t" .‘te4peCt ‘lll ONl'ef „ ass, 'Qat t, t • Yare4 • - , ette (gh ee. Appi 1 • 43 "'• D e o • tu ai 12 p ia 1/? ad-I 114 I ) . at The maw 4t Ten N- 1 c4:111, to i s . • Orli) a kOroiot, t htOU gh 4P D I Y to 1 ~, , . B Au, tl': Jui PA] A] e 13 1) fell( Pit( J 1 .0 0 e <l.: >Ej ( 4ir usl, t u OPPIy 4 ;:( 1 ala l~ l tli4e __ Ei'r E, , A Cori rece Frei • or ot at or 0b.43i • 4, xce( rerus Rood, open( • ~(/gTi° t‘DI NVl)2','